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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:15:41► System Tools
- Warning - It's not recommended to use debloaters unless you know what you're doing. Always research first, never just "Apply All" randomly.
- 🌐 Awesome Windows 11 - Windows 11 Resources
- 🌐 PC-Optimization-Hub - System Optimization Resources
- ↪️ Gaming Optimization
- ⭐ PowerToys - System Tools / Search / Plugins / GitHub
- ⭐ Sysinternals - Advanced System Tools / Suite
- ⭐ CPU-Z, winfetch, CPU Fetch, Glow or GPU-Z - System Info Tools
- ⭐ SuperF4 or FKill - Process Killers
- VCRedist - AIO Repack for Microsoft Visual C++ Redists
- Windows-11-Guide or Pastas - Windows Guides
- NanaRun - System Admin Tools
- PolicyPlus - Local Group Policy Editor
- PowerPlanSwitcher - Quickly Change Power Schemes
- Scheduler or TaskRunner - System Task Scheduler
- CoreTemp or System Informer - Process Monitors
- ThrottleStop - Laptop CPU Monitor / Optimizer
- RegExp, RegScanner, ripgrep-all or Registry-Finder - Registry Explorers / Scanners
- WinbIndex - Windows System Files / Binaries
- OfflineInsiderEnroll - Enable Windows Insider without Account
- WLSetup-All - Windows Live Essentials 2012 Archive
- Rhasspy - Voice Assistant
- OpenRecall or Windrecorder - Memory Search App / System Recorders
- Time.is - Check Accuracy of System Clock
- G-Helper - Armoury Crate Replacement
- LenovoLegionToolkit - Lenovo Vantage Replacement
▷ System Debloating
- ⭐ Debloat Guide - Windows Debloat Guide
- ⭐ Bulk Crap Uninstaller, Revo Uninstaller or GeekUninstaller - Bulk Uninstallation Tools
- ⭐ SophiaScript - Debloater
- BleachBit - Clean System Storage
- GhostBuster or Device Cleanup Tool - Remove Non-Present Devices
- Win11Debloat - Debloater
- Should I Remove It? - Program Removal Guide
▷ System Tweaks
- ⭐ Windhawk, MajorGeeks Windows Tweaks, Winaero or - System Tweaking Tools / Warning
- ⭐ EverythingToolbar or yasb - Tweaked Taskbars
- ⭐ Open Shell - Tweak Start Menu / Start Skin
- ⭐ EarTrumpet, Volumey or Volume2 - Tweak Volume Mixer
- ⭐ AltSnap - Tweaked Windows Dragging
- abbodi1406, BatUtil or TechNet-Gallery - System Scripts
- Win10 Widgets or Eww - Widgets for Windows
- Wintoys - System App Tweaking
- Wox, Listary, FlowLauncher, Ueli / GitHub - Keystroke / App Launchers
- Kando - App Launcher / Pie Menu / GitHub / Discord
- Hunt and Peck or Cerebro App - Tweaked System Navigation
- SmartSystemMenu - Tweak System Menu
- EasyContextMenu, Nilesoft Shell or ContextMenuManager
- RCWM - Tweaked Context Menus
- Explorer Tab Utility - Tweaked File Explorer
- Spencer - Classic Start Menu
- Taskbar Tweaker - Taskbar Advanced Features
- Taskbar Hide - Easily Hide / Show Taskbar
- QuickLook - macOS Quick Look for Windows
- TopNotify - Move Windows Notifications
▷ Package Managers
- ⭐ WinGet - CLI Package Manager / Repos / Automation / Auto Update / GitHub
- ⭐ UniGetUI - GUI for Popular Package Managers
- ⭐ Scoop - Portable Package Manager
- ⭐ sfsu or hok - Fast Scoop Utilities
- Spinel - Multi-Program Install Script Generator
- Chocolatey / GUI / GitHub, Patch My PC or RuckZuck - Package Managers
- Silent Install - Build Multi-Program Installers
- 0Install - Decentralized Cross-Platform Package Manager
- portableapps - Package Manager for Portable Apps
- Baulk - Minimalist Package Manager
- NirLauncher - Portable Package Manager for NirSoft Utilities
▷ Task Automation
- 🌐 Awesome AutoHotkey - AutoHotkey Resources
- 🌐 Awesome AutoIt - AutoIt Resources
- ⭐ AutoHotkey / Discord
- AutoIt
- Tinytask
- Power Automate
- sikulix
- ChoEazyCopy
▷ Terminal / CLI
- 🌐 The Terminal Directory - List of Terminal Emulators
- 🌐 terminals-are-sexy - Terminal Resources
- 🌐 Awesome CLI Apps or Command Line Tools - Command Line Resources
- ⭐ ss64 - Command Line Reference Index
- Windows Terminal / 2, ConEmu, Hyper, Tabby, MobaXterm or WezTerm - Windows Terminal Emulators
- BusyBox - Unix Commands for Windows
- Clink - Command Line Editing
- Nushell - Alt Shell
- Tiny Care Terminal - Terminal Dashboard That Cares
- Command Challenge - Command Line Learning
- Mintty - Cygwin Terminal Emulator
- GetDNote - Command Line Notebook
- PowerShell - Windows / macOS / Linux PowerShell
- LeanandMean - Powershell Snippets / Use with Caution
- PowerShell Scripts or WindowsPowerShell - Alt Shell Scripts
- Starship - Cross-Shell Prompt
▷ Remote Desktop
- ⭐ Parsec - Desktop Client / X / Discord
- ⭐ RustDesk - Desktop Client / Subreddit / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ Aspia - Desktop Client / Telegram / GitHub
- ⭐ Sunshine - Gaming Remote Desktop Client / Discord / GitHub
- Moonlight - Gaming Remote Desktop Client / Discord / GitHub
- Arcane - Desktop Client
- HopToDesk - Desktop Client / GitLab
- CoScreen - Desktop Client
- Remotly - Desktop Client
- Bananas - Desktop Client / Discord / GitHub
- ChromeRemoteDesktop - Web-Based
- InputDirector - Multi-Computer Client
- Mouse Without Borders - Multi-Computer Client
- p2p - Portable Client
- Screensy - Web-Based / GitHub
- Screego - Web-Based / GitHub
- Screen-Sharing - Web-Based / GitHub
- TigerVNC - VNC Client / GitHub
- TightVNC - VNC Client
- noVNC - JavaScript VNC Client / GitHub
▷ Clipboard Managers
- ⭐ Ditto - Clipboard Manager / GitHub
- PasteBar - Clipboard Manager / GitHub
- CrossPaste - Clipboard Manager / GitHub
- ArsClip - Clipboard Manager
- ClipAngel - Clipboard Manager
- CopyQ / GitHub or XClipper / GitHub - Clipboard Managers with Editing and Scripting Features
- MultiClipBoardSlots - Extend Clipboard by 10 Memory Slots
▷ Window Managers
- ⭐ GlazeWM - Tiling Window Manager Inspired by i3wm
- ⭐ Komorebi or WorkSpacer / GitHub - Tiling Window Managers
- Whim - Pluggable Dynamic Window Manager
- DWM - Port of X11 dwm to Windows
▷ Virtual Machines
- 🌐 Awesome Web Desktops or Simone's Computer - OS Emulators / VMs
- ↪️ Android Emulators
- ↪️ Hackintosh Resources
- ⭐ VMware Workstation or VirtualBox / Portable - Virtual Machines
- ⭐ Virt-Manager / GitHub, MultiPass / GitHub or Vagrantup / GitHub - Virtual Machine Managers
- Looking Glass - App for Using Kernel-Based Virtual Machine Configured for VGA PCI Pass-Through / GitHub
- Qemu, Hyper-V or Denodo Test - Virtual Machines
- OSBoxes - Preinstalled Virtual Machine
- Terminator - Online Virtual Machines
- JSLinux - Online Linux Virtual Machines
- QuickEmu or Dexpot - Virtual Machine Creator
- Virtual x86 - x86-compatible OS Emulators
- PCjs Machines - Classic Computer Emulators
- InfiniteMac - Apple OS Emulators
- winevdm - 16-bit Windows on 64-bit Systems
- Blink - Linux Emulator for Windows
- Dockerholics - Docker Apps
- WebCatalog - Turn Sites into Desktop Apps
► Hardware Tools
- ↪️ PC Building / Shopping
- ⭐ PSU Calculator - Find Compatible Power Supplies
- DeviceTests - Multiple Device Tests
- NotCPUCores, BES, ParkControl, QuickCPU or Process Lasso - CPU Optimizer
- Ozone3D, UNIGINE Benchmarks or OCCT - System Benchmarking
- Testmem5 - Memory Benchmarking
- MemTest - Memory Diagnostic Tool
- SDIO, Drivers Collection, Driverscape or DriverStoreExplorer - Update / Install Missing Drivers / Note
- VOGONS - Vintage Computer Hardware Forum
▷ Hardware Monitors
- ⭐ HWiNFO - System Info & Monitoring
- Scrutiny, GSmartControl / GitHub or smartmontools - Hard Drive Monitors
- CoolerControl - Cooling Device Monitor
- BatteryMode - System Tray Battery Percentage / Managers / GitHub
- HWMonitor - Hardware Monitors
- fastfetch - System Info & Monitoring
- Task Manager DeLuxe - Task Manager Alt
- Libre Hardware Monitor - Updated Fork of Open Hardware Monitor
- FanControl / GitHub or FanCtrl - PC Fan Controllers
- Traffic Monitor - Network & Hardware Monitor
- bottom or Glances / GitHub - Terminal Hardware Monitors
▷ GPU Tools
- ⭐ NVTOP - GPU / Accelerator Process Monitor
- ⭐ GreenWithEnvy - Manage / Control NVIDIA Cards
- ⭐ NVCleanstall or NVSlimmer - NVIDIA Driver Packages
- Display Driver Uninstaller, 2 - Display Driver Removal Tool / GitHub
- TinyNvidiaUpdateChecker - NVIDIA GPU Update Checker
- nvidiaProfileInspector - Modify / View Hidden NVIDIA Settings / Guide
- RadeonSoftwareSlimmer - Debloat AMD Drivers
- R.ID - AMD 3rd Party Drivers / Discord
- SMCAMDProcessor - AMD Processor Power Management
- PresentMon - GPU Benchmarking
- Universal x86 Tuning Utility - Laptop GPU Controller / GitHub
- RyzenAdj - Ryzen Laptop GPU Controller
▷ Disk Tools
- 🌐 Awesome Storage - File Storage Resources
- 🌐 Awesome DataHoarding - Data Hoarding Resources
- ⭐ WizTree - Disk Usage Analyzer
- ⭐ CrystalDiskMark or CCISOBench - Disk Benchmarking Tools
- ⭐ GParted / GitLab, MiniTool Partition Wizard or AOMEI Partition Assistant / Unlocker - Partition Managers
- ⭐ Validrive - Check True Storage Size of USB Devices
- WinDirStat - Disk Usage Analyzer / Cleanup Tool / GitHub
- TrueNAS - Storage System
- QDirStat - Directory Statistics
- CrystalDiskInfo - S.M.A.R.T. Data Analyzer
- Macrorit Partition Expert or Diskovery - Disk Usage Analyzers
- Gdu or dua - Disk Usage Analyzer with Parallel Processing
- Erdtree - Cross-Platform Disk Usage Analyzer
- PC Manager - Disk Managers / Cleanup
- Air Live Drive - Mount Cloud Drives as Local Disks
- SFTPDrive - Mount SFTP Servers as Local Disks
▷ Monitor Tools
- ⭐ DisplayFusion or Dual Monitor Tool - Dual Monitor Tools
- ⭐ f.lux, LightBulb, ScreenTemperature or SunsetScreen - Adjust Display Color / Temperature
- ⭐ Monitorian, Twinkle Tray / GitHub or Dimmer - Adjust Monitor Brightness
- EIZO, Monitor or LCDTech - Monitor Performance Tests
- TestUFO - Monitor Framerate Test
- LittleBigMouse - DPI Test
- Scalizer - Auto DPI Scaling / YouTube
- ICM or ICC Profiles - ICC Profiles and Monitor Calibration
- Display Calc - Display Distance / Dimension Calculator
- Multi-Monitor Calculator - Dual-Monitor Setup Planning / Tests
- Wide Gamut - Color Compatibility Test
- Dead.Pixel - Dead Pixel Test
- JScreenFix - Repair Stuck Pixels
- CenterOfMyScreen - Find Center of Monitor
- ShowDesktopOneMonitor - Show Desktop for Only One Monitor
- Deskreen / GitHub or SpaceDesk - Use Mobile Device as Monitor
- ShaderGlass - Custom Screen Shaders
- DaltonLens or Toptal - Color Blindness Filters
- NVDA - Screen Reader for Blind Users / GitHub
▷ Mouse / Keyboard
- ⭐ /r/MechanicalKeyboards Wiki - Mechanical Keyboard Resources
- ⭐ Hotkey Cheatsheet, Use The Keyboard, HotkeyP, Clavier++, Kinto or CheatKeys - Keyboard Shortcuts / Image, 2 / Course
- ⭐ VIA / GitHub, SharpKeys, Kanata, keymapper, Ergogen, Mahou - Custom Keyboard Layouts / Remapping
- ⭐ geekhack or KeebTalk - Keyboard Forums
- X-Mouse Button Control - Re-Map Mouse Buttons / Scroll Wheel
- MoveMouse or MouseJiggler - Simulate User Activity
- Raw Accel - Mouse Acceleration Tool
- StrokeIt - Mouse Gestures
- Espanso - Typing Shortcuts / GitHub
- win-vind - Vim Style Keybindings for Windows
- Vial - Custom Keyboard Config Tool
- KeyViz - Keystroke Visualizer
- WhatPulse - Mouse / Keyboard Usage Analyzer
- Kmonad - Keyboard Manager
- Deskhop - Quickly Switch Devices between Computers
- Switchy - Switch Keyboard Languages with Button
- Is this good? - Custom Keyboard Guides
- DreyMaR's - Keyboard Tips and Resources
- Keyboard University or KDB - Mechanical Keyboard Building Guides
- Cosmos - Create Custom Keyboards
- Keyboard Simulator - Design & Test Virtual Keyboards
- Key Test - Keyboard Tester
▷ System Audio
- ⭐ Equalizer APO, 2 / GUI, AutoEq, Dolby Access / Note or FXSound - Audio Equalizers
- Wave Link or VoiceMeeter / Banana - Audio Mixers / Multi-Device Playback
- SoundSwitch - Switch Audio Device with Hotkey / GitHub
- SonyHeadphonesClient - Sony Headphones Clone
- Audiocheck - Audio Tests
- LowAudioLatency - Reduce Audio Latency
- DigitalFeed - Lossless Audio Sound System Test
- Online Mic Test or Check Mic - Mic Test
- Sound Meter or REW - Measure Surrounding Sound Level
- Krisp or noise-suppression-for-voice - Noise Suppression Tools
- AirPods Dirty Secret - AirPods Repair Directory
► Windows ISOs
- ⭐ Genuine Installation Media - Windows ISOs / Clean Install Guide
- files.rg-adguard or MVS dump - Verify ISO Legitimacy
- OS.click, MyDigitalLife or Microsoft SD - Windows ISOs
- Old School OS, OS Vault, VETUSWARE or WinWorldPC - Oldschool ISOs
- Fido - ISO Powershell Script
- NetBoot - Boot Operating Systems without ISOs
- CoolStar - Install Windows on Chromebook
▷ USB / Bootloaders
- ⭐ Rufus - Create Bootable USB Drives
- ⭐ YUMI - Create Bootable USB Drives
- MediaCreationTool - Windows Deployment Automation
- USBTreeView - USB Device Tree Viewer
- CloverBootloader or EasyBCD - Bootloaders / Config
▷ Windows Activation
- ⭐ MAS - Activation Scripts / Windows / Office / Discord
- ⭐ KMS_VL_ALL_AIO - Offline Activator / Windows / Office
- OfficeRTool - Offline Activator / Office
▷ Windows Updates
- ⭐ Windows 10 After EOL - Receive Windows Updates After Win10's End-Of-Life
- ⭐ ChangeWindows - Latest Windows Update Info
- stopupdates10 or InControl - Enable / Disable Win 10/11 Updates / Can Cause Breakage
- LegacyUpdate - Fix Windows Updates for Legacy Editions
- Extended Win 7 Updates - Extended Windows 7 Updates
- WURefresh - Reset Windows Update Components
- UUP Dump or Microsoft Update Catalog - Download Previous Windows Updates
- PC Health Check or WhyNotWin11 - Identify why your PC isn't Ready for Windows 11
- FlashMyBoard - Receive Motherboard Update Notifications
▷ Windows Repair
- MagNumDB, ErrorLookup or Microsoft Error Lookup - Windows Debugging Tools
- /r/TechSupport / Wiki - Tech Support Subreddit / Discord
- Hardforum, TechGuy, Eleven Forums or Ten Forums - Tech Support Forums
- Medicat - Computer Diagnostic / Recovery Toolkit / GitHub
- PhoenixPE - Recovery Environment
- Hiren's BootCD PE or Win10XPE - Preinstallation Environments / Recovery
- Magic Trace - Diagnose Performance Issues using Intel Processor Trace
► Customization
- 🌐 Windows-Ricing or Heliohost Guide - Windows Ricing Resources
- ⭐ Rainmeter - Desktop Customization / Discord
- ⭐ OpenRGB / Beta, WLED, Aurora, LiquidCTL, Artemis, RGBSync, SignalRGB or FireLight - RGB Lighting Control
- ⭐ VSThemes, WindowsCustomization or 7Themes - Theme Indexes
- Styled Themes - Anime / Modern Style / macOS Style, 2 / Old School Style, 2
- VirtualCustoms or winthemers - Customization Communities
- Desktops - Customization Showcases
- XDesktopSoft - Desktop Customization
- SecureUxTheme or UltraUXThemePatcher - UX Patcher
- Cursormania Archive - Cursors
- MacOS Cursors for Windows, CursorOS or macOS-cursors-for-Windows - macOS Style Cursors
- Mechvibes / GitHub or MechaKeys - Keyboard Sound Effects
- ElectricSheep or After Dark CSS - Screensavers
- FolderMarker, Flaired Folder, CustomFolder - Custom Folder Icons
- Recycle Bin Themes - Custom Recycle Bin Icons
- msstyleEditor - Visual Style Editor
- StartIsBack or StartAllBack - Start Menu Customization
- Taskbar Tweaker, TranslucentTB, NiceTaskbar - Taskbar Customization / Old School Style
- AccentColorizer - Accent Color Customization
- BeautySearch - Search Customization
- ElevenClock - Clock Customization
- HackBGRT - Boot Logo Changer
- WinDynamicDesktop or Dynamic Theme - Auto Change Wallpaper
- ExplorerBlurMica - File Explorer Effects
- MicaForEveryone - Title Bar Effects
- Cute Borders - Border Color Changer (Win11 Only)
- ModernFlyouts - Modern Flyouts / GitHub
- Alternative Windows Shells Wiki - Alt Windows Shells
- Aerial - Apple TV Screensaver
- ExcelDarkThemeFix - Fix Excel on Themed Windows
- MacType - Use Mac Fonts on Windows / GitHub
▷ App Themes
- ⭐ Dracula / Discord or Catppuccin / Discord - Custom App Themes
- ⭐ terminal.sexy, TerminalSplash, Solarized or WindowsTerminalThemes - Terminal Themes
- Rosé Pine / Discord, Aura Theme or theme.park - Custom App Themes
- Totally Awesome List - Old School App Themes
- Pokemon Terminal - Pokémon Terminal Themes
- Traffic Monitor - System Monitor Themes
▷ Wallpapers
- ⭐ wallhaven.cc - Search Wallpapers / Downloader / Client
- ⭐ Wallpaper Abyss, WallpaperCave, WallpapersCraft, VSThemes - Search Wallpapers
- ⭐ Rev Wallpaper or r/WallpaperRequests - Reverse Wallpaper Search
- ⭐ Studio Ghibli Wallpapers or Ghibli Upscaled - Studio Ghibli Wallpapers
- ⭐ Ultimate Windows Wallpack / Wiki, Spotlight - Windows Wallpapers
- ⭐ LWP, /r/LivingBackgrounds, WALLegend or MoeWalls - Live Wallpapers
- /r/Wallpaper - Wallpapers Community
- DualMonitorBackgrounds - Dual Monitor Wallpapers
- Scenic Illustrations - Landscape Wallpapers
- CoolBackgrounds - Customizable Wallpapers
- Simple Desktops, Minimalistic Wallpaper, Positron Dream or SetAsWall - Minimalist Wallpapers
- Aesthetic Wallpapers - Aesthetic Wallpapers
- Mac Walls or BasicAppleBlog - Apple Wallpapers
- ChromecastBG - Chromecast Wallpapers
- Bing Wallpaper Archive - Bing Wallpapers
- Xbox Wallpapers - Xbox Wallpapers
- Screencaps or shot.cafe - Movie / TV Wallpapers
- Anime Pictures, WallpaperWaifu, TheOtaku or MyLiveWallpapers - Anime Wallpapers
- WallsPic, WallpaperFlare, HDQwalls or UHD Wallpaper - Misc Wallpapers
- G_Walls - Telegram Wallpaper Channels
▷ Wallpaper Tools
- ⭐ Wallpaper Engine / PKG to Zip / Collections, 2 / Workshop DL - Wallpaper Manager
- ⭐ Lively or ScreenPlay - Live Wallpaper Manager
- backiee - Wallpaper Manager
- SuperPaper - Cross-Platform Multi-Monitor Wallpaper Manager
- Background Switcher - Multi-Host Wallpaper Switcher
- Faerber - Edit Wallpapers to Match Color Scheme
- AutoWall - Turn Videos / GIFs to Live Wallpapers
- Awesome Wallpaper - Show System Information on Wallpaper
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@ eabee230:17fc7576
2025-05-12 14:38:11⚖️ຢ່າລືມສິ່ງທີ່ເຄີຍເກີດຂຶ້ນ ຮອດຊ່ວງທີ່ມີການປ່ຽນແປງລະບົບການເງິນຈາກລະບົບເງິນເກົ່າ ສູ່ລະບົບເງິນໃໝ່ມັນເຮັດໃຫ້ຄົນທີ່ລວຍກາຍເປັນຄົນທຸກໄດ້ເລີຍ ນ້ຳພັກນ້ຳແຮງທີ່ສະສົມມາດ້ວຍຄວາມເມື່ອຍແຕ່ບໍ່ສາມາດແລກເປັນເງິນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້ທັງໝົດ ຖືກຈຳກັດຈຳນວນທີ່ກົດໝາຍວາງອອກມາໃຫ້ແລກ ເງິນທີ່ເຫຼືອນັ້ນປຽບຄືດັ່ງເສດເຈ້ຍ ເພາະມັນບໍ່ມີຢູ່ໃສຮັບອີກຕໍ່ໄປເພາະກົດໝາຍຈະນຳໃຊ້ສະກຸນໃໝ່ ປະຫວັດສາດເຮົາມີໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ແລະ ເຄີຍຜ່ານມາແລ້ວຢ່າໃຫ້ຄົນລຸ້ນເຮົາຊຳ້ຮອຍເກົ່າ.
🕰️ຄົນທີ່ມີຄວາມຮູ້ ຫຼື ໃກ້ຊິດກັບແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານກໍຈະປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ເປັນສິນສັບບໍ່ວ່າຈະເປັນທີ່ດິນ ແລະ ທອງຄຳທີ່ສາມາດຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ເຂົາຍັງຮັກສາຄວາມມັ້ງຄັ້ງໃນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້.
🕰️ໃຜທີ່ຕ້ອງການຈະຍ້າຍປະເທດກໍ່ຈະໃຊ້ສິ່ງທີ່ເປັນຊື່ກາງໃນການແລກປ່ຽນເປັນທີ່ຍ້ອມຮັບຫຼາຍນັ້ນກໍຄືທອງຄຳ ປ່ຽນຈາກເງິນລະບົບເກົ່າເປັນທອງຄຳເພື່ອທີ່ສາມາດປ່ຽນທອງຄຳເປັນສະກຸນເງິນທ້ອງຖິ່ນຢູ່ປະເທດປາຍທາງໄດ້.
🕰️ຈາກຜູ້ດີເມື່ອກ່ອນກາຍເປັນຄົນທຳມະດາຍ້ອນສັບສິນທີ່ມີ ບໍ່ສາມາດສົ່ງຕໍ່ສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້. ການເກັບອອມເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ດີ ແຕ່ຖ້າໃຫ້ດີຕ້ອງເກັບອອມໃຫ້ຖືກບ່ອນ ຄົນທີ່ຮູ້ທັນປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຈາກລະບົບເກົ່າໄປສູ່ທອງຄຳ ເພາະທອງຄຳມັນເປັນສາກົນ.
ໃຜທີ່ເຂົ້າໃຈ ແລະ ມອງການໄກກວ່າກໍ່ສາມາດຮັກສາສິນສັບສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້ ເກັບເຈ້ຍໃນປະລິມານທີ່ພໍໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍໃຫ້ເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ແທ້ຈິງ.🕰️ເຮົາໂຊກດີທີ່ເຄີຍມີບົດຮຽນມາແລ້ວ ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈິງໃນປະເທດເຮົາບໍ່ໄດ້ຢາກໃຫ້ທັງໝົດແຕ່ຢາກໃຫ້ສຶກສາ ແລະ ຕັ້ງຄຳຖາມວ່າທີ່ຜ່ານມາມັນເປັນແບບນີ້ແທ້ບໍ່ ເງິນທີ່ລັດຄວາມຄຸມ ເງິນປະລິມານບໍ່ຈຳກັດ ການໃຊ້ກົດໝາຍແບບບັງຄັບ. ຖ້າຄອບຄົວຫຼືຄົນໃກ້ໂຕທີ່ຍູ່ໃນຊ່ວງເຫດການນັ້ນແຕ່ຕັດສິນໃຈຜິດພາດທີ່ບໍ່ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍເປັນສິນສັບ. ນີ້ແມ່ນໂອກາດທີ່ຈະແກ້ໄຂຂໍ້ຜິດພາດນັ້ນໂດຍຫັນມາສຶກສາເງິນແທ້ຈິງແລ້ວແມ່ນຍັງກັນແທ້ ເວລາມີຄ່າສຶກສາບິດຄອຍ.
fiatcurrency #bitcoin #gold #history #paymentsolutions #laokip #laostr
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-11 06:23:03Past week summary
From a Self Custody for Organizations perspective, after analyzing the existing protocols (Cerberus, 10xSecurityBTCguide and Glacier) and reading a bunch of relates articles and guides, have wrapped to the conclusion that this format it is good to have as reference. However, something else is needed. For example, a summary or a map of the whole process to provide an overview, plus a way to deliver all the information and the multy-process in a more enjoyable way. Not a job for this hackathon, but with the right collaborations I assume it's possible to: - build something that might introduce a bit more quests and gamification - provide a learning environment (with testnet funds) could also be crucial on educating those unfamiliar with bitcoin onchain dynamics.
Have been learning more and playing around practicing best accessibility practices and how it could be applied to a desktop software like Bitcoin Safe. Thanks to @johnjherzog for providing a screen recording of his first experience and @jasonb for suggesting the tools to be used. (in this case tested/testing on Windows with the Accessibility Insights app). Some insight shared have been also applied to the website, running a full accessibility check (under WCAG 2.2 ADA, and Section 508 standards) with 4 different plugins and two online tools. I recognize that not all of them works and analyze the same parameters, indeed they complement each other providing a more accurate review.
For Bitcoin Safe interface improvements, many suggestions have been shared with @andreasgriffin , including: - a new iconset, including a micro-set to display the number of confirmed blocs for each transaction - a redesigned History/Dashboard - small refinements like adding missing columns on the tables - allow the user to select which columns to be displayed - sorting of unconfirmed transactions - Defining a new style for design elements like mempool blocks and quick receive boxes You can find below some screenshots with my proposals that hopefully will be included in the next release.
Last achievement this week was to prepare the website https://Safe.BTC.pub, the container where all the outcomes f this experiment will be published. You can have a look, just consider it still WIP. Branding for the project has also been finalized and available in this penpot file https://design.penpot.app/#/workspace?team-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd6&project-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd8&file-id=95aea877-d515-80ac-8006-23a251886db3&page-id=132f519a-39f4-80db-8006-2a41c364a545
What's for next week
After spending most of the time learning and reading material, this coming week will be focused on deliverables. The goal as planned will be to provide: - Finalized Safe₿its brand and improve overall desktop app experience, including categorization of transactions and addresses - An accessibility report or guide for Bitcoin Safe and support to implement best practices - A first draft of the Self-Custody for Organizations guide/framework/protocol, ideally delivered through the website http://Safe.BTC.pub in written format, but also as FlowChart to help have an overview of the whole resources needed and the process itself. This will clearly define preparations and tools/hardwares needed to successfully complete the process.
To learn more about the project, you can visit: Designathon website: https://event.bitcoin.design/#project-recj4SVNLLkuWHpKq Discord channel: https://discord.com/channels/903125802726596648/1369200271632236574 Previous SN posts: https://stacker.news/items/974489/r/DeSign_r and https://stacker.news/items/974488/r/DeSign_r
Stay tuned, more will be happening this coming week
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/977190
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-11 05:52:56Past week summary
From a Self Custody for Organizations perspective, after analyzing the existing protocols (Cerberus, 10xSecurityBTCguide and Glacier) and reading a bunch of relates articles and guides, have wrapped to the conclusion that this format it is good to have as reference. However, something else is needed. For example, a summary or a map of the whole process to provide an overview, plus a way to deliver all the information and the multy-process in a more enjoyable way. Not a job for this hackathon, but with the right collaborations I assume it's possible to: - build something that might introduce a bit more quests and gamification - provide a learning environment (with testnet funds) could also be crucial on educating those unfamiliar with bitcoin onchain dynamics.
Have been learning more and playing around practicing best accessibility practices and how it could be applied to a desktop software like Bitcoin Safe. Thanks to @johnjherzog for providing a screen recording of his first experience and @jasonbohio for suggesting the tools to be used. (in this case tested/testing on Windows with the Accessibility Insights app). Some insight shared have been also applied to the website, running a full accessibility check (under WCAG 2.2 ADA, and Section 508 standards) with 4 different plugins and two online tools. I recognize that not all of them works and analyze the same parameters, indeed they complement each other providing a more accurate review.
For Bitcoin Safe interface improvements, many suggestions have been shared with @andreasgriffin , including: - a new iconset, including a micro-set to display the number of confirmed blocs for each transaction - a redesigned History/Dashboard - small refinements like adding missing columns on the tables - allow the user to select which columns to be displayed - sorting of unconfirmed transactions - Defining a new style for design elements like mempool blocks and quick receive boxes You can find below some screenshots with my proposals that hopefully will be included in the next release.
Last achievement this week was to prepare the website https://Safe.BTC.pub, the container where all the outcomes f this experiment will be published. You can have a look, just consider it still WIP. Branding for the project has also been finalized and available in this penpot file https://design.penpot.app/#/workspace?team-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd6&project-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd8&file-id=95aea877-d515-80ac-8006-23a251886db3&page-id=132f519a-39f4-80db-8006-2a41c364a545
What's for next week
After spending most of the time learning and reading material, this coming week will be focused on deliverables. The goal as planned will be to provide: - Finalized Safe₿its brand and improve overall desktop app experience, including categorization of transactions and addresses - An accessibility report or guide for Bitcoin Safe and support to implement best practices - A first draft of the Self-Custody for Organizations guide/framework/protocol, ideally delivered through the website http://Safe.BTC.pub in written format, but also as FlowChart to help have an overview of the whole resources needed and the process itself. This will clearly define preparations and tools/hardwares needed to successfully complete the process.
To learn more about the project, you can visit: Designathon website: https://event.bitcoin.design/#project-recj4SVNLLkuWHpKq Discord channel: https://discord.com/channels/903125802726596648/1369200271632236574 Previous SN posts: https://stacker.news/items/974489/r/DeSign_r and https://stacker.news/items/974488/r/DeSign_r
Stay tuned, more will be happening this coming week
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/977180
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-05-10 09:50:45Information ohne Reflexion ist geistiger Flugsand. \ Ernst Reinhardt
Der lateinische Ausdruck «Quo vadis» als Frage nach einer Entwicklung oder Ausrichtung hat biblische Wurzeln. Er wird aber auch in unserer Alltagssprache verwendet, laut Duden meist als Ausdruck von Besorgnis oder Skepsis im Sinne von: «Wohin wird das führen?»
Der Sinn und Zweck von so mancher politischen Entscheidung erschließt sich heutzutage nicht mehr so leicht, und viele Trends können uns Sorge bereiten. Das sind einerseits sehr konkrete Themen wie die zunehmende Militarisierung und die geschichtsvergessene Kriegstreiberei in Europa, deren Feindbildpflege aktuell beim Gedenken an das Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs beschämende Formen annimmt.
Auch das hohe Gut der Schweizer Neutralität scheint immer mehr in Gefahr. Die schleichende Bewegung der Eidgenossenschaft in Richtung NATO und damit weg von einer Vermittlerposition erhält auch durch den neuen Verteidigungsminister Anschub. Martin Pfister möchte eine stärkere Einbindung in die europäische Verteidigungsarchitektur, verwechselt bei der Argumentation jedoch Ursache und Wirkung.
Das Thema Gesundheit ist als Zugpferd für Geschäfte und Kontrolle offenbar schon zuverlässig etabliert. Die hauptsächlich privat finanzierte Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) ist dabei durch ein Netzwerk von sogenannten «Collaborating Centres» sogar so weit in nationale Einrichtungen eingedrungen, dass man sich fragen kann, ob diese nicht von Genf aus gesteuert werden.
Das Schweizer Bundesamt für Gesundheit (BAG) übernimmt in dieser Funktion ebenso von der WHO definierte Aufgaben und Pflichten wie das deutsche Robert Koch-Institut (RKI). Gegen die Covid-«Impfung» für Schwangere, die das BAG empfiehlt, obwohl es fehlende wissenschaftliche Belege für deren Schutzwirkung einräumt, formiert sich im Tessin gerade Widerstand.
Unter dem Stichwort «Gesundheitssicherheit» werden uns die Bestrebungen verkauft, essenzielle Dienste mit einer biometrischen digitalen ID zu verknüpfen. Das dient dem Profit mit unseren Daten und führt im Ergebnis zum Verlust unserer demokratischen Freiheiten. Die deutsche elektronische Patientenakte (ePA) ist ein Element mit solchem Potenzial. Die Schweizer Bürger haben gerade ein Referendum gegen das revidierte E-ID-Gesetz erzwungen. In Thailand ist seit Anfang Mai für die Einreise eine «Digital Arrival Card» notwendig, die mit ihrer Gesundheitserklärung einen Impfpass «durch die Hintertür» befürchten lässt.
Der massive Blackout auf der iberischen Halbinsel hat vermehrt Fragen dazu aufgeworfen, wohin uns Klimawandel-Hysterie und «grüne» Energiepolitik führen werden. Meine Kollegin Wiltrud Schwetje ist dem nachgegangen und hat in mehreren Beiträgen darüber berichtet. Wenig überraschend führen interessante Spuren mal wieder zu internationalen Großbanken, Globalisten und zur EU-Kommission.
Zunehmend bedenklich ist aber ganz allgemein auch die manifestierte Spaltung unserer Gesellschaften. Angesichts der tiefen und sorgsam gepflegten Gräben fällt es inzwischen schwer, eine zukunftsfähige Perspektive zu erkennen. Umso begrüßenswerter sind Initiativen wie die Kölner Veranstaltungsreihe «Neue Visionen für die Zukunft». Diese möchte die Diskussionskultur reanimieren und dazu beitragen, dass Menschen wieder ohne Angst und ergebnisoffen über kontroverse Themen der Zeit sprechen.
Quo vadis – Wohin gehen wir also? Die Suche nach Orientierung in diesem vermeintlichen Chaos führt auch zur Reflexion über den eigenen Lebensweg. Das ist positiv insofern, als wir daraus Kraft schöpfen können. Ob derweil der neue Papst, dessen «Vorgänger» Petrus unsere Ausgangsfrage durch die christliche Legende zugeschrieben wird, dabei eine Rolle spielt, muss jede/r selbst wissen. Mir persönlich ist allein schon ein Führungsanspruch wie der des Petrusprimats der römisch-katholischen Kirche eher suspekt.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:45:52Finale: once the industry-standard of music notation software, now a cautionary tale. In this video, I explore how it slowly lost its crown through decades of missed opportunities - eventually leading to creative collapse due to various bureaucratic intrigues, unforeseen technological changes and some of the jankiest UI/UX you've ever seen.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yqaon6YHzaU
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976219
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:14:24► Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome List Index, 2 or awesome-list - All Awesome Lists
- 🌐 lists - List Index
- ↪️ AI Indexes
- ↪️ Piracy Site Proxies
- ⭐ FMHY Search - Search the Wiki
- ⭐ Awesome Search - Awesome List Search
- ⭐ Couleur Tweak Tips - Comprehensive Hub of Resources and Tools / Discord
- ⭐ /r/InternetIsBeautiful - Helpful / Fun Sites
- Track Awesome List - Daily Awesome List Updates
- Curlie - Topic Directory
- ooh.directory - Blog Directory
- StatsCrop, xRanks, Start.me Stats, HypeStat, 10 Million Sites or CuteStat - Site Rankings & Stats
- findPWA, Store.app, SaaS Discovery or Electron - Web App Indexes
- SmartLinks - Website Directory
- OneMillionScreenshots - Website Snapshot Map
- Archive-It - Archive.org Collections
- Single Serving Sites - Single-Purpose Sites
- Wikimedia - All Wikimedia Sources
- Clone Wars - Site Clone Index / GitHub
- Open Sustainable Technology - Sustainable Tech Project Index
- OldSchoolSitesCatalogue or href.cool - Oldschool Site Indexes
- DeletedCity or Restorativland - Geocities Site Indexes
- National Archives - UK Government Site Archive
- The Hive Index - Online Communities Index
- Gazetteer of Wikis, Wiki Stats or WikiDiscover - Miraheze Wiki Indexes
- NetSplit - IRC Channel Index
- Creative Commons - Creative Commons Content Sites
- Cyberlife - Cyberpunk-Related Content / Sites Index
- sourcehut - Public Project Index
- ImageBoards or imageboards.json - Imageboard Index
▷ Site / Tool Indexes
- ⭐ Ripped - Piracy Index / Discord
- ⭐ Awesome Piracy - Piracy Index / GitHub
- ⭐ /r/PiratedGames Megathread - Game Piracy Index / Discord
- ⭐ CS.RIN Mega, 2 - Game Piracy Index
- ⭐ privateersclub - Game Piracy Index / Discord
- ⭐ The Index - Japanese Piracy Index / Discord / Wiki
- ⭐ Wotaku - Otaku Index / Discord
- ⭐ EverythingMoe, 2 - Otaku Media Index
- Delightful Creative Tools - Media Creation Index
- refdesk.com - Fact-checking Index
- Pixelated Pathways / Mirror - Site / Tool Index
- Size of Cat - Site / Tool Index
- OSS Insight - GitHub Project Indexes
- ibiblio - Site / Tool Index
- unapothecary's terminal - Site / Tool Index
- mw.rat.bz - Site / Tool Index
► Free Stuff
- ⭐ OneHack - Giveaway Community / Telegram
- FreeCycle, TrashNothing or Freegle - Free Stuff Exchange / Gifting Communities
- /r/GooglePlayDeals - Free / Cheap APKs / Extension
- App Sales - Free / Cheap APKs
- Play-Deals - Free / Cheap APKs
- /r/AppHookup - Free / Cheap Software & APKs
- AppRaven - iOS Apps
- BAEN - Books
- FreeForStudent - Free for Student Deals
- Dolly Parton's Imagination Library - Book Gifting Program (For Children)
- /r/FREE
- /r/eFreebies
- /r/udemyfreebies
- /r/FreeEBOOKS
▷ Free Games
- ⭐ Free Packages - Mass Activate All Free Steam Games / Guide
- ⭐ IsThereAnyDeal - Games
- Free Games Claimer - Auto-Claim Free Epic, Amazon, and GOG Games
- epicgames-freegames-node - Auto-Claim Free Epic Games
- SteamGifts, Free250, /r/FreeGamesOnSteam or SteamDB - Steam Games
- Key Hub - Steam Key Giveaways / Discord
- IndieGala - Games
- FreeGameCodes - Games / Discord
- /r/freegames - Games
- FreeToKeep - Games / Discord
- /r/RandomActsOfGaming - Games
- TemporarilyFreeGames - Games
- Free Games Tracker - Games
- GamerPower - Games
- ClaimFreeGames - Games
- GrabFreeGames - Games / Steam Group / Discord
- Epic Games Free or Epic Free Games - Free Epic Games
- EpicFreeGamesList - Epic Free Games List
- Steam Mods - Steam Mods
- Freetchio - itch.io Games
- NobsGames - Game APKs
- FreeSteamOffers_Bot - Telegram
- Games Radar - Games / Android App
- /r/FreeGameFindings
- /r/Freegamestuff
► Food
- 🌐 /m/food - Food Multireddit
- 🌐 MapOfTheBest - Top Restaurant List
- ↪️ Food Storage Tips / 2
- ⭐ Baking Calculators - Measurement System Conversion Calculators
- ⭐ Grocy / Android / Subeddit / GitHub, Listonic or KitchenOwl / GitHub - Grocery Managers
- ⭐ Sporked - Packaged Food Reviews
- ⭐ Still Tasty or EatByDate - Shelf Life Guides
- ⭐ OpenTable - Restaurant Reservation Search
- Heard. - Anonymous Food & Restaurant Reviews / Subreddit
- FoodExpirationDates or Fridgey - Food Expiration Trackers
- Cheese.com - Cheese Resources
- Crispy Creations - Potato Chip Info / Guides
- Parsnip - Cooking Lessons / Skill Tracking App
- /r/Cooking - Cooking Discussion / Tips
- /r/AskCulinary - Get Cooking Advice
- FermenThings - Fermentation Wiki
- HackTheMenu - Fast Food Secret Menu Items
- Taconomical or ChipotleCost - Restaurant Price Maps
- Too Good To Go - Surplus Food Marketplace
▷ Recipes
- ⭐ Tandoor Recipes, Mealie / Discord, Cooked, ManageMeals, Mela or Pestle - Recipe Managers
- ⭐ Noods.io, Just the Recipe, WheresTheDish, Copy Me That, drizzlelemons or PlainOldRecipe - Extract Recipes from Sites / Firefox / Chrome
- ⭐ SuperCook - Recipe Search
- MyFridgeHome or WhiskIt - Find Recipes Based on Ingredients
- FoodSubs - Ingredient Substitutions Database
- Food Mood - Blend Two Cuisines for Recipes
- PunchFork - Recipes
- Search-22 - Multi-Site Recipe Search
- Wikibook Recipes - Recipe Wiki
- Epicurious - Recipe Search
- based.cooking or PublicDomainRecipes / GitHub - Recipe Search
- Recipe Search - Recipe Search
- Hari Recipes - Recipe Search
- RecipeRadar - Recipe Search
- KitchenAid - Recipe Search
- Recipe Site List - List of Recipe Sites
- Recipeeper - Dietary-Based Recipes
- TasteAtlas - Recipe Map
- AmazingRibs - Rib Recipes
- The Bread Code Manifesto - Bread Baking Recipes
- Historical Recipes - Historical Recipes
- /r/GifRecipes - Recipes in GIF Format
- /r/recipes - Share Recipes
▷ Drinks
- ⭐ /coffee/ or Coffee Time General - Coffee Brewing Masterlists / Guides
- ⭐ /tea/ - Tea Brewing Masterlist / Guide
- ⭐ Drinking Game Zone - Drinking Games Encyclopedia
- Coffee or Bust! - Coffee-Making Guides
- Beanconqueror - Coffee Tracking App / GitHub
- Cofi - Coffee Brew Timer / Note
- Notbadcoffee - Interactive Coffee Flavor Wheel
- Nahbucks! - Find Local Non-Starbucks Coffee Shops (US)
- Drinkable - Create Cocktails from Home Ingredients
- Drinknation or Make Me a Cocktail - Cocktail Builders
- Modern Meadmaking - Homebrewing Wiki
► Household
- ↪️ Raspberry Pi Tools
- ⭐ Home Assistant - Home Assistant / IoT / GUI
- ⭐ Grocy - Grocery / Household Management Tool / Android / Subeddit / GitHub
- OpenHab - Home Assistant / IoT / Setup / Mobile
- Esphome - Home Assistant / IoT
- ioBroker - Home Assistant / IoT / Discord / GitHub
- Exo - Run AI Home Device Cluster / Telegram / Discord
- hOn - Home Assistant Integration for Appliances
- BudgetDuo - Split Household Expenses
- OpenVoiceOS - Custom Voice-Controlled Interfaces / GitHub
- Sweet Home 3D or Homestyler - Interior Design Apps
- BlockLayer - Construction / Remodeling Calculators
- PlanYourRoom - Visualize PC Setups
► Gardening
- 🌐 Awesome Agriculture - Agriculture Resources
- 🌐 Agriculture / Gardening Subreddits
- 🌐 Cannabis Growing Subreddits or Marijuana Subs - Marijuana Subreddits
- ⭐ EarthEasy, How To Garden, HappySprout, Growing Guide, GrowStuff or GrowVeg - Gardening Guides
- ⭐ /r/Gardening - Gardening Community
- ⭐ /r/Whatsthisplant - Plant Identification Communities
- PictureThis / Premium or Pl@ntNet - Plant Identification Tools / Android / iOS
- WildFlowerSearch - Flower Identifier
- Permapeople - Garden Plant Info
- How Many Plants - House Plant Information
- Florae or Plant-it / GitHub - Plant Care Reminders
- WorldOfSucculents - Succulent Database
- MyGarden - Garden Management App
- Gardenia or Garden Design - Garden Design Resources
- /r/UrbanGardening - Urban Gardening Community
- /r/Farming - Farming Community
- Composting - Composting Guides
- Modern Farmer - Agricultural News
- Chip Drop - Free Mulch
- Hardiness Zones or Plant Maps - Global Map of Hardiness Zones
- /r/Microgrowery or GrassCity - Cannabis Growing Communities
- SeedFinder - 35500+ Strain Database
► Travel
- ↪️ Concerts / Live Shows
- ⭐ Atlas Obscura / Mobile, Turas, CountryReports, Wikivoyage, WikiTravel or Wanderlog - Travel Guides
- ⭐ Borderless - Travel Restrictions Guide
- ⭐ MapChecking - Crowd Size Estimation
- ⭐ Gas Price Map - US Gas Prices
- ⭐ Parkopedia - Car Parking Locations and Prices
- ⭐ Refuge Restrooms - Find Public Restrooms
- TravelPlan, Holiwise or Eddy - Trip Planning
- PackMate - Travel Packing List / Organizer
- Packdensack - Travel Packing List Generator
- BeenEverywhere - Track Visited Cities / Locations
- Roadside America or RoadTrippers - Roadside Attraction Guides
- TheSalmons - World Heritage Sites
- Kyoto Guide - Kyoto Travel Guide
- DemoParty - Find Demoscene Events
- Retro Directory - Find Arcades / Vintage Shops
- IOEA - Find Otaku Expos
- AnimeCons - Find Anime Expos
- FreeCampSites - Free Camp Sites
- Traveler Map - National Park Maps
- Bike Sharing - Bike Rental Map
- SkyDB - Skyscraper Locations / Info
- Seat61 - Train Travel Guide
- CheckPlug - Check Country Plug Types
- SitInShade - Avoid the Sun While Traveling
- eSIMDB - Compare eSIM Prices
- Hate Map - Hate Group Locations
▷ Flights
- ⭐ ADS-B Exchange, FlightRadar24, FlightStats, PlaneFinder, Airplanes.live, Radarbox or FlightAware - Live Flight Trackers
- ⭐ Passport Index - Passport Ratings
- ⭐ Visa Guide or VisaIndex - Worldwide Travel Visa Guides
- Travel Safe Abroad - Travel Destination Safety Ratings
- Google Flights - Book Flights
- seats.aero - Flight Search Engine / Discord
- Matrix - Airfare Search
- FlightConnections - Interactive Flight Routes
- SkyVector - Flight Planner
► Maps
- 🌐 Awesome Maps - Online Map Resources
- 🌐 Soar, ArcGIS Living Atlas or Cool Maps - Atlases
- 🌐 Maps and Geospatial Products - All NCEI Maps
- ⭐ CrisisWatch, ACLED, Global Conflict Tracker, LiveUAMap or Israeli-Palestine Conflict - Global Conflicts Map
- Maps.com - Interesting / Educational Maps
- FreeMapTools - Map Tools
- The Cartographers' Guild - Cartography Forum
- TextToMap - Text-Based Map Search
- Copernix or Local Map - Explore a Map with Wikipedia
- Flickr Map - Flickr Map
- /r/MapPorn - Reddit Map Community
- NearbyWiki - Explore Interesting Places Near You
- Urbex - Abandoned Places Map / Discord
- Wikimapia - Online Editable Map
- Orhyginals Map - Online Editable Map
- aprs.fi - Live APRS Map
- MapChart or Qgis - Create Custom Maps
- There to Where - Find Apartments Near Important Things
- Scribble Maps - Custom Location Map
- Dawarich - Self-Hosted Google Maps Timeline Alternative / Discord
- gpx.studio - GPX File Editor
- OpenDroneMap - Drone Mapping Software
- Mobac - Mobile Atlas Creator
- Freedom House or Civicus Monitor - Freedom Maps
- Notable People or People Map - Notable People Maps
- NUKEMAP, NukeSim, Bomb Blast or MISSILEMAP - Interactive Damage Effect Maps
- CAD Mapper - Free CAD Files
▷ Navigation / Transport
- ⭐ Organic Maps, OsmAnd or Magic Earth - Mobile Maps
- ⭐ OpenStreetMap - Online Maps / Advanced Search / Advanced Editor / AI Editor / Overpass API GUI / Resources
- ⭐ Google Maps - Online Maps / Themes for Web Developers
- GMaps WV / GitHub - Restricted Google Maps WebView Wrapper
- CubeTrek - GPS Track Manager
- Bing Maps - Online Maps
- Apple Maps - Online Maps
- Mapy - Online Maps / Mobile
- Waze / Editor - Traffic and Road Conditions Map
- Wikiroutes or CityMapper - Public Transport Routes
- Mini Tokyo 3D - Tokyo Public Transport Map
- rasp.yandex - Russia Public Transport
- kakaomap - Map of South Korea
▷ Railway Maps
- OpenRailwayMap - World's Railway Infrastructure
- trains.fyi - Real-Time North America Train Tracker
- amtrak explorer - North America Railway Map
- Swiss Railways Network - Switzerland Railway Map
- AnyTrip - Australia & New Zealand Railway Maps
- vr.fi - Finland Train Tracker Map
- IndianRailInfo - Indian Railways Map
- SignalBox or Live Tube Map - UK Live Train Maps
- Train positions - Netherlands Train Info Map
- Chronotrains - European Train Distances
- Abandoned Rails - Abandoned US Railroad Routes
▷ Climate / Weather
- ⭐ Windy, Ventusky, Earth Observatory, Zoom Earth, Weatherwise, Earth Now, Earth or satellite-map.gosur - General Weather / Climate Maps
- Netweather - Global Jetstream Forcast Map
- Cyclocane - Cyclone and Hurricane Tracker Map
- tornado.live - Real-Time US Severe Weather Alerts Map
- Tropical Tidbits - Hurricane Forecast Models
- FloodMap - Sea Level / Flood Map
- Snow Forcast - Snow Forcast Maps
- AtticRadar - Advanced Weather Radar / NOAA Stations
- Tornado Archive - Tornado Archive Data Explorer
- Find Your Tornado Shelter - Tornado Shelter Map
- Blitzortung.org or Lightning Maps - Lightning / Thunderstorms Maps
- ClearOutside - Weather Visibility Tracker
- aqicn.org - Air Quality Map
- Light Pollution Map - Light Pollution Map
- CPRE - England Light Pollution and Dark Skies
- Electricity Maps - Electricity CO₂ Emissions Map
- SaveEcoBot - Radioactivity / Air Quality in Ukraine
▷ Geography Maps
- Falling Fruit - Urban Harvesting Map
- HungerMap - Global Hunger Map
- Global Fishing Watch - Fishing Activity Map
- OCEARCH - Shark Tracker
- MarineTraffic, CruiseMapper or MyShipTracking - Live Ship Trackers
- EuroBirdPortal - European Bird Distribution Map
- Global Forest Watch - Interactive Forest & Tree Cover Map
- Sounds of the Forest - Forest Sounds Map
- Aporee - World Map of Sounds
- Cost of Living - Cost of Living Map
- MoveMap - North America Property Costs Map
- ExoRoad - Find Places to Live via Description
- Beacon - Property Info / Map Search
- World Population Density - Population Density Map
- FIRMS - Fire / Thermal Anomalies Map
- Native Land - Indigenous Territory Map
- kepler.gl / GitHub - Geospatial Analysis Tool
▷ Geology Maps
- USGS Maps - Geologic Maps / 3-D Geologic Frameworks
- Macrostrat - Geological Data Map
- Fishermap - Water Depth Maps
- River Runner / 3D Map - Raindrop Tracking Map
- Global Wetlands - Wetlands Map
- Mindat - Mineral Deposits Map
- PeakFinder - Mountain Names Map
- topographic-map - Topographic Map
- KCG2 - Ionospheric Conditions Map
- VolcanoDiscovery - Volcano Activity Map
- USGS - Earthquake Activity Map
- GPlates - Plate Tectonics Simulator
▷ Historic Maps
- 🌐 Map History or David Rumsey Map Collection - Historical Map Indexes
- ⭐ Running Reality, Chronas or OldMapsOnline - Interactive Historical Maps
- Harvard WorldMap - ArcGIS Map Archive
- Cronobook - Historic Street View
- EuraAtlas - Historical Atlas of Europe
- /r/oldmaps or /r/papertowns - Historical Maps Community
- Historical City Maps - Collection of Historical City Maps
- Library of Congress - LOC Historic Maps Archive
- Historic Borders - Borders History Map
- American Panorama - Interactive US History Maps
- NLS Maps - Historical Maps of Scotland
- Imperium - Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire
- Ancient Earth - Globe of Ancient Earth
- 1940s NYC - Explore 1940's New York
▷ Infrastructure Maps
- Open Infrastructure Map - Global Infrastructure Map
- PowerOutage.us - US Power Outage Map
- CoverageMap - Cell Coverage Map
- CellMapper or OpenCelliD - Cell Tower Maps
- Spectrum Ownership Map - Cell Carrier FCC Spectrum Map
- WiGLE - Wireless Networks Map
- broadbandmap.fcc.gov - FCC National Broadband Map
- Submarine Cable Map - Undersea Internet Cable Map
▷ Satellite / Earth Data
- ⭐ Google Earth - Earth Viewer
- Huge Earth Maps - High Res Earth Maps
- StreetComplete - OpenStreetMap Surveyor App
- FacilMap or OsmAPP - OSM Web Apps
- OpenMapTiles - Self-Hosted Map Tools
- NASA Earthdata - Earth Data Archive
- glifwc - Map with Data
- Mapillary or Mapcarta - Open Street View Data
- Instant Street View - Instantly Load Street View
- MapCrunch or Random Street View - Random Street View
- city roads - City Roads Map
- GeoHack - Uncensored Google Satellite View
► News
- 🌐 AllYouCanRead - Worldwide News Sites Index
- ↪️ Newspaper Sites
- ↪️ Bypass Article Paywalls
- ⭐ TorrentFreak / Telegram - Piracy News
- ⭐ Current Events Wiki - Breaking News
- ⭐ Good News Network or Happy Daze - Uplifting News
- Unclutter - Feed Managers / Readers
- News as Facts - Wiki-Based News
- Google Alerts - News Alerts by Topics
- Attabit - News Summaries
- Top Stories - Top Fediverse News
- CBM - Comic / Movie / TV News
- Anime News Network - Anime News
- Anime Corner - Anime / Manga News
- ArtDaily - Art News
- Codrops - Design News
- The Athletic - Sports News / Bypass Paywall / Mobile
- EventMap - Emergency and Disaster Maps
- Interactive News Map - Geolocated News Alerts / Headlines U.S.
- MedicineNet, MedPageToday, EverydayHealth, Medscape, healthline or WebMD - Health News
- MathURLs - Math News
- Dailynous - Philosophy News
- The Base Rate Times - Market Prediction News
- Medievalists - Medieval History News
- FinURLs - Finance & Business News
- Web3 Is Going Great - Web3 Disaster News
- Citizen - Real Time Local News (US Only)
- POTUS Tracker, GovData or WikiPolitica - Government Executive Orders, Location & more
- PlaneCrashInfo or AVHerald - Aviation Incidents / News
- Read Something Interesting, Read Something Wonderful, Read Something Great or BoredReading - Random Articles / Blog Posts
- Media Bias Fact Check, ground.news or HonestyMeter - Media Bias Checkers
- PressMob - Journalist Search
- Scribe, medium.rip or LibMedium - Medium Frontends
▷ Aggregators
- ⭐ BoringReport
- ⭐ Upstract
- ⭐ QotNews - Hacker News / Reddit / Lobsters / Tildes
- ⭐ Anime Blog Tracker - Anime News Blogs
- Mozberg - News Search
- NewsMinimalist or Brief - AI News Aggregators
- devo - New Tab Page News Extension
- Ground News, AllSides, SPIDR or LegibleNews - Political News / World Events
- Fark - User-Curated News
- AlDaily - Art / Philosophy / Literature News
- Newsfeed - Google / Reddit / Crypto News
- NewsNow
- SkimFeed
- Google News / HTML
- Readspike
- sumi.news
- NewsCord
- AllTop
▷ Tech News
- ↪️ Dev / Cybersecurity News
- ⭐ Hacker News, hckrnws, HackerWeb or Hacker Herald - Tech / Hacking News
- ⭐ Hacker News Tools - App List / Modern Interface / Highlighter / Search, 2 / Top Posts / Post Summary / Self-Host / RSS / Webpage Comments
- AlternativeTo Aggregator - Tech News Aggregator
- TuxURLs - Linux News
- Liliputing - Hardware / Linux Mobile News
- Geeks3D, Toms Hardware or Overclock3D - Hardware News / Reviews
- EmergentMind, Singularity Hub or Dupple - AI News
- xGamer - Gaming News
- GamesRecap - Game Annoucements / Trailers
- Internet Society - Internet Infrastructure News
- RestorePrivacy or Privacy International - Privacy / Security News
▷ Science News
- SciURLs
- NewScientist
- Nature
- Science
- PopSci
- ScienceDaily
- EurekAlert
- LiveScience
- ScienceNews
- IFLScience
► Health
▷ Mental Health
- 🌐 Awesome Mental Health or mentalillnessmouse - Mental Health Resources
- ↪️ Relaxation / Ambient
- Health Assessment Tools - General Health Tools
- How We Feel / iOS, Nomie, Koduko or Respawn - Wellbeing Apps / Journals
- You feel like shit., 2 - Interactive Self-Care Guide
- deskspace - Self-Care App
- Mindfulness Coach - Mindfulness / Stress Reduction App
- /mental health/ - Mental Help Tips
- Coping Skills Masterlist - Mental Health Coping Skills
- Zen Habits - Develop Zen Habits
- Medito or Heartfulness - Meditation App
- Meditation Infographic - Meditation Techniques
- Conversations - Mental Health Conversation Practice
- Balance - Challenge Anxious Thoughts with AI
- Plees Tracker - Sleep Tracker
- TripSit / Discord, Drugs.com or DrugBank - Drug Information / Side Effects
▷ Physical Health
- ⭐ Simple Science Fitness - Fitness Calculators
- ⭐ BMI Chart - Healthy BMI Graph
- ⭐ Standard BMI Calculator - BMI Calculator
- AMMFitness - Fitness / Nutrition Info
- The Fitness Wiki - Fitness Information Wiki
- Effective Fitness - Fitness Discussion / Discord
- FitoTrack, HealthMode, Flexify or MyFitnessPal - Fitness Apps
- openScale or trale - Weight & Body Metrics Trackers
- SailRabbit - BMR / TDEE Calculator
- Bodyweight Fitness Progressions
- /r/LoseIt - Weight Loss Subreddit
- MOVE! Coach - Weight Loss Program
- Weight Loss Side Effects - Weight Loss Side Effect Mitigation
- /r/GainIt - Healthy Weight Gain Subreddit
- /r/Flexibility - Flexibility Subreddit
- epocrates, medlineplus, merckmanuals, mayoclinic, rxlist, nejm, ncbi, hhs, nih, cdc - Government Health Resources
- oshaction - Occupational Health and Safety Resources
- CancerFactFinder - Cancer Fact Search
- INCIDecoder or Skin Signal - Skincare Ingredient Lists
▷ Workout / Exercise
- 🌐 Evidence Based Training Wiki - Evidence-Based Training Resources
- 🌐 ExRx.net - Exercise Resources
- ⭐ DAREBEE - Workout Plans
- ⭐ /r/BodyweightFitness Wiki - Reddit Bodyweight Fitness Routines / Android / iOS / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ /u/KNightNox Diagram, 2 - Zoomable Exercise Diagram
- Hevy, Boostcamp, Kenko, FitNotes or FitHero - Workout Trackers
- Fitness Blender - Workout Videos
- Calistree - Exercise Search
- FitnessProgramer - Workout Plans
- Workout.lol - Custom Workout Plans
- MuscleWiki or The Casual Gym - Muscle / Exercise Information Tool
- No Equipment Ab Exercises - Ab Exercise Diagram
- Liftosaur, LiftLog or StrongLifts - Weightlifting Trackers
- Liftvault - Weightlifting Programs / Spreadsheets
- Google Fit - Activity Coach
- Impakt - AI Fitness Coach / Social Platform
- OpenTrack - Sports Tracking App
- ACTIVE - Find Local Races & Events
- Runlytics - Running Analytics
- RunnerUp or Strava - Run Trackers
- MapMyWalk - Walking Tracker
- GoldenCheetah, AAT - Cycling / Biking Trackers
- AllTrails, Wikiloc or TrailRouter - Hiking / Trail Routes
- Wanderer - Self-Hosted Trail Database
- fastnfitness or PFCTE - Exercise & Activity Trackers
- wger - Self-Hosted Workout, Nutrition / Weight App / Fitness / GitHub
- Start Bodyweight - Bodyweight Training
- Feeel - Home Workout App
▷ Nutritional Health
- ⭐ Nutritionix - Nutrition Tracker App
- ⭐ /r/Nutrition - Nutrition Subreddit
- ⭐ Caffeine Calculator - Caffeine Intake Calculator
- ⭐ Dehydration Chart - Dehydration Color Chart
- ⭐ OpenFoodFacts - Food Database & Health Information / Scanner
- NutritionFacts.org - Video Library for Latest Health-Based Research
- The Nutrition Source - Harvard University Health Website
- Liquid Drink - Liquid Intake Tracker
- Daily Dozen - Daily Diet Recommendations / Android
- EatThisMuch, FitMenCook or MealPrePro - Diet Tool / iOS / Android
- Mealime or Calories In - Meal Planning
- Nosh - Food Management App
- Edamam - Food-Related APIs
- Child Nutrition - Child Nutrition / Cooking Course
- Examine.com - Supplement & Nutrition Analysis
- Cronometer, Energize or Waistline - Track Nutrition & Calories
- MyFoodData or Spelt - Food Nutrition Info
- FoodStruct - Food Encyclopedia & Comparison
- Tellspecopedia - Find Healthy Food
- Yuka - Scan Ingredient Lists
- Kids Health - Kids Health Information
- What Dogs Can Eat - Search Safe Human Food for Dogs
▷ Sexual Health
- babycenter - Pregnancy and Parenting Resources
- Pregnancy Calculator - Due Date Calculator
- DoItRight or Scarleteen - Sex Education Resources
- Euki - Sexual / Reproductive Health App
- Abortion Resources / 2, PlannedParenthood or Safe2Choose - Abortion Resources
- WomenOnWeb - Free Abortion Pills
- Tubal Sterilization - Tubal Sterilization Gynecologists
- Erin's Informed Consent HRT Map - Informed Consent HRT Clinics
▷ Detoxing / Sobriety
- ⭐ /r/NoSurf - Digital Detox Community / Discord
- Farhan, LockMeOut, DetoxDroid or StopScroll - Control Phone Addiction
- The Freedom Model - Addiction-Help Model / Books / Lessons
- BreakFree - Break Smoking Habits
- Sobriety - Sobriety Tracker
- I Am Sober - Sobriety Tracker / Community
- Petals - Quit / Reduce Marijuana Usage
- DrugFree - Drug Abuse Prevention & Recovery Help
▷ Porn Quitting
- ↪️ Site Blocking
- ⭐ EasyPeasy, 2 / Audiobook or QuitPornEasily - Painlessly Quit Pornography
- Plucky - Content Filter
- Brainbuddy - Porn Blocker / Android / iOS
- SelfControlApp - Mac Site Blocker
- CleanBrowsing - Family DNS Filters
- cringeMDb, Age Rating JuJu, CommonSenseMedia or unconsenting media - Find SFW Movies
- Movie Parser - Detect NSFW Scenes in Movies / GitHub
- Wingman, HaramBlur or NSFW-Filter - Block NSFW Images
- Fortify - Porn Quitting Community
- SAA Recovery, Cosa Recovery or Smart Recovery - Find Sex Addiction Meetings
► Career
- 🌐 Common Q&As - Interview Questions Index
- ⭐ 5000 Best Job Sites or Indeed - Job Search Sites
- ⭐ 4-day week - Find Jobs with 4-Day Weeks
- ⭐ Comparably or GoodFirms - Compare Companies / Salaries
- ⭐ Reverse Interview or job-interview-questions - Questions to Ask Potential Employers
- ⭐ Kimai or Clockify - Work Hour Trackers
- OnSites - View / Share Interview Experiences
- JobBoardSearch, PromptYourJob, CyberCoders, whoishiring, Toby Tools, The Muse or EuroJobs - Job Search
- Hiring Without Whiteboards - Find Straightforward Hiring Processes
- 50WaysToGetAJob - Interactive Job Search Guide
- RolePad or JobSync - Job Search Managers
- DoorsOpen - Music Industry Jobs
- Job Shell - Scrape Job Postings
- SpeedyApply or AIHawk - Job Application Autofill Tools
- 80,000 Hours, O*NET, Career Dreamer or MyNextMove - Explore Career Options
- /r/careerguidance - Career Guidance Subreddit
- UseThis - Career Interviews
- Science Career General - PhD / STEM Career Study Guides
- JustLanded - Working & Living Abroad Guides
- Space Crew - Find Space Related Jobs
- EconJobRumors - Economic Job Market Forum
- SocJobRumors - Sociology Job Market Forum
- Side Hustle Stack - Find Platform-Based Side Work
- The Dots - Online Workshops / Courses / Meetups
- MedusaJS - Open Source Commerce Store
- Contact Card - Contact Card Generator
- MS Word Cover Page Templates - Cover Page Templates
- Linkedin Preview - Preview Linkedin Posts
- WhoPaysWriters - Freelance Writing Publications
- Creator Monetization Platforms - Monetization Platforms Comparisons
- Gerev - Search within Workplace Apps
- Gale Presents: Udemy - Business Courses / Library Card Required
- Marketing Mega, Pimp My Money (Torrent) or HubSpot Academy - Digital Marketing Courses
- Statista - Market Statistic Search
- Systeme or SendPulse - Marketing Tools
- Marmof - Creator / Marketing AI
- MMAGlobal - View Past Marketing Reports
- SplitBee - Business Analytics Tool
- Annual Reports - Annual Company Reports
- LeanTime - Project / Delivery Manager
- Twain, WriteCream or Textcortext - AI Communication Outreach Assistants
- Cody - Company Management AI
- PHPCRM, Tillywork, Monday or Twenty - Company Management Tools
- Invoicely, InvoiceNinja or Akaunting - Invoicing Tools
- Google Patents - Searchable Patents Database
- PatentsExpiringToday - Find Expired Patents
- Layoffs.fyi - Recent Layoffs Tracker
- GoodJobsFirst - Subsidy Tracker
- QR Menu Creator - Convert Menu to QR Codes
- CandidateChecker - User Backgrounds for Hiring
- ScrapedIn - Scrape LinkedIn
▷ Resume / Portfolio
- ⭐ RX Resume - Resume Maker / GitHub
- ⭐ KickResume or ThisResumeDoesNotExist - Resume Samples
- ChatProfolio or PeerList - Portfolio Builders
- Dopefolio - Developer Portfolio Template
- CoFolios - Portfolio Sharing
- Resume Builder
- ResumeMatcher
- resumonk
- Resuminator
- flowcv
- Resumake / GitHub
- resume-nation
- sajilocv
- RenderCV / GitHub
- GotResumeBuilder
- Resume.com
- CvResumeNest
- intelligentcv
- resumgo
- resumake
- open-resume
- novoresume
- ResumeFromSpace
▷ Remote Jobs
- 🌐 Awesome Remote Jobs or Established Remote - Remote Job Resources
- ⭐ Real Work From Anywhere - Global "Work-From-Anywhere" Job Board
- Overemployed - Discuss Working 2+ Remote Jobs / Subreddit / Discord
- WFH Companies India - Work from Home Jobs in India
- /r/WorkOnline - Online Working Subreddit
- /r/freelance - Freelance Subreddit
- /r/RemoteJobs - Remote Jobs Subreddit (Check "Job Posts" flag)
- MTurk - Online Task Work
- NoCommute - Remote Job Notifications
- WeNomad or Nomad List - Remote Work Ratings
- Jobspresso - Remote Jobs
- Remote Jobs - Remote Jobs
- himalayas - Remote Jobs
- We Work Remotely - Remote Jobs
- TangerineFeed - Remote Jobs
- FlexHired - Remote Jobs
- CareerVault - Remote Jobs
- NoDesk - Remote Jobs
- Remote OK - Remote Jobs
- JobsCollider - Remote Jobs
- Dynamite Jobs - Remote Jobs
- Working Nomads - Remote Jobs
- Remotive - Remote Jobs
- DailyRemote - Remote Jobs
- HireBasis - Remote Jobs
- Remotedom - Remote Jobs
▷ Tech Jobs
- 🌐 Awesome Interview or 30-sec - Tech Interview Questions Indexes
- 🌐 Summer 2025 Internships - Tech Internships List / Notifications
- 🌐 Free-Certifications - Free Certifications / Courses Index
- 🌐 TheRemoteFreelancer - Remote Tech Jobs Index
- ↪️ Learn Programming
- ↪️ Learn Computer Science
- MoAiJobs - Find Jobs in AI Companies
- FOSS Jobs - FOSS Project Jobs
- japandev - Find Developer Jobs in Japan
- ZeroTaxJobs - Find Developer Jobs in Dubai / Saudi Arabia
- key : values - Find Companies that Match Your Values
- Authentic Jobs - Find Developer / Designer Jobs
- /r/DesignJobs - Designer Jobs Subreddit
- Golang Jobs - Find Golang Jobs
- Best PM Jobs - Tech Firm Night Jobs
- JS Remotely - Find Remote JavaScript Jobs
- js chimp - Reverse Job Board / JavaScript
- larajobs - Find Laravel Jobs
- Laradir - Reverse Job Board / Laravel
- Python Job Board - Find Python Jobs
- RailsDevs - Reverse Job Board / Rails
- Christian Tech Jobs - Christian Tech Jobs
- Levels.fyi - Tech Career Salaries
- LeetFree - Leaked Google / Facebook / Amazon Interview Questions / GitHub
- Interviews.school or InterviewThis - Interview Preparation Guides
- yangshun - Interview Handbook
- Interview Warmup - Interview Practice
- Cyberseek - Cybersecurity US Job Market Info
- NIST - Find NICE Cybersecurity Apprenticeship Programs
- Data.gov Resources - Data Management Tools / Training
- AWS re/Start or AWS Training - Cloud Career Training
- 9Tut - CCNA Certification Training
- Comptia, Cisco Training or UI.com - Training / Certifications
- web3.career or FindWeb3 - Find Web3 Jobs
▷ Startup
- 🌐 Awesome Startup, Awesome Launch or Tools for Startups - Startup Resources Indexes
- 🌐 moreThanFAANGM - Good Companies / Startups Index
- NewIdeas - Generate Business Ideas
- Failory - Learn Why Startups Failed
- 280+ Websites to Submit Your Startup or PlacesToPostYourStartup - Startup Submission Sites
- WellFound - Find Employees for Startups
- Business Card Generator or Haystack - Business Cards
▷ Collaboration Platforms
- ⭐ NextCloud - Collaboration Platform / File Sharing / GitHub
- Atlassian - Collaboration Platform
- Twake - Collaboration Platform / GitHub
- Mattermost - Self-Hosted Collaboration Platform
- LucidSpark, Creately or Miro - Idea / Collaboration Whiteboards
- ScreenRec - Screen Recording for Collaboration
- Zulip - Team Chat / GitHub
- Freedcamp - Project / Task Organization
- Asana - Project / Task Organization
- Focalboard - Project Manager / GitHub
- Factsplat - Project Manager
- Mural - Project Manager
- Taskcafe - Task Manager
- Nino - Task Manager
- Trello, WeKan, Kanboard or Planka - Kanban Project Managers
- Airtable - Spreadsheet-Database Hybrid for Team Workflows
- Teams for Linux - Collaboration Platform / Linux
▷ Finance / Savings
- 🌐 /r/PersonalFinance Wiki or UK Personal Finance - Financial Advice / Resources
- ⭐ TradingView, ticker, finviz or Markets.sh - Stock Market Trackers
- ⭐ StockTicker or Candle - Mobile Stock Market Trackers
- ⭐ Ghostfolio / Import, Paisa / GitHub, Maybe, HomeBank, Bagels, Firefly III, Money Manager EX or Actual - Finance / Expense Managers
- Weekly Market Recapt - Weekly Stock Market Recaps
- US Taxes or FreeTaxUSA - File Taxes for Free / Get Pin / Form Calc
- money-manager, Buckwheat, My Expenses, Cashew or Sushi - Android Finance / Expense Managers
- GreenStash - Savings Tracking App
- Denaro - Linux Finance Managers
- Ledger or hledger - Accounting Systems
- PortfolioVisualizer - Visualize Portfolio
- /r/povertyfinance wiki - Financial Tips / Resources
- /r/BeerMoney - Online Money Making Community / Wiki
- Compound Interest Calculator - Determine Compound Interest Money Growth
- GamestonkTerminal, OpenBB Terminal or KoyFin - Investment Research Tools
- Portfolio Performance - Portfolio Investment Tracker / GitHub
- Financials Extension - Stock Market Data for LibreOffice Calc
- YieldFinder - Rates for Savings Accounts, Market Funds, and Treasuries
- Quiver Quantitative - Stock Trading Research
- TradingView Webhook Bot / Index - Send TradingView Alerts to Various Apps
- tickrs - Ticker Data in Terminal
- ETFDB - ETF Research / Analysis Platform
- DeFi Derivative Landscape - DeFi Derivative Guide
- Kitco - Gold Rate Calculators
- MortgageCalculator - Mortgage Calculator
▷ Crypto / Bitcoin
- Note - It's recommended to store cryptocurrency offline in cold wallets such as Electrum, rather than exchanges like Binance or others. This increases security and gives you full control of your assets.
- 🌐 ChainList - EVM RPC List
- 🌐 KYCNOT.ME - Non-KYC Exchanges / Services
- ⭐ WalletScrutiny - Verify Crypto Wallets are Open-Source / Secure
- ⭐ Rotki - Portfolio Manager
- BitcoinTalk - Bitcoin Forum
- BTCPay - FOSS Bitcoin Payment Processor
- BitcoinWhosWho - Bitcoin Address Scanner
- BlockChain, CoinWatch, Hivexplorer, BlockChair, L2BEAT, HiveblockExplorer, CoinGlass or LiveCoinWatch - Live Cryptocurrency Prices
- Dora - Cross-Chain Search Engine
- DefiLlama - TVL Aggregator
- WalletExplorer - Bitcoin Block Explorers
- Cryptopedia or Crypto Canon - Crypto Learning Resources
- IQ.Wiki - Crypto Encyclopedia
- protocol-reading-list - Crypto Protocols
- Traders Video Library - Crypto Trading Courses
- HiveRSS - Create Hive RSS Feeds
► Shopping
- ⭐ ThisIsWhyImBroke - Find Interesting Things to Buy
- ⭐ BuyReddit or RedditFavorites - Reddit Recommended Products
- ⭐ Dark Patterns Tip Line - Deceptive Services to Avoid
- Dark Patterns Detective - Learn to Avoid Deceptive Services
- Consumer Action Taskforce - Documents Practices That Impact Consumer Rights
- Kit.co, Looria or ProductHunt - Product / Service Reviews
- Pepper or SlickDeals - Shopping Deal Communities
- Hagglezon - Price Comparisons for Amazon Stores across Europe
- Slant - "What are the best..." Product Rankings
- PicClick - Ebay Quick Search
- Typo Hound or FatFingers - Ebay Typo Search
- Mousepad Mastersheet - Mousepad Buying Guide / Reviews
- Cars.com - Vehicle Reviews / Comparisons
- Desenmascara - Spot Counterfeit Sites
- /r/FashionReps - Replica Clothing Community
- GoEuropean - European Products / Services
- WornOnTV or ShopYourTV - Find Outfits from TV Shows
- Kolors, 2 - Virtual Outfit Try-On
- GoodOnYou - Clothing Brand Sustainability Ratings
▷ Electronics
- ⭐ PCPartPicker, BuildCores / Discord / Subreddit, Newegg PC Builder or CGDirector - PC Building Sites
- ⭐ /r/PCMasterrace Wiki, /r/BuildaPC Wiki or PC Tiers - PC Building Guides / Video
- ⭐ NanoReview, Octoparts, Technical City, TechPowerup or Techspecs - Hardware Comparisons
- ⭐ rtings - Hardware Reviews / Clear Cookies Reset Limit
- ⭐ Open Benchmarking - Hardware Benchmarks
- ⭐ GSMArena, Prepaid Compare, PhoneDB, GSMChoice or Kimovil - Compare Phones / Prices
- ⭐ CPUBenchmark, Toms GPU Hierarchy or NoteBenchcheck - GPU / CPU Benchmarks
- ⭐ /r/MechanicalKeyboards Wiki, KeebFinder or Alexotos / Discord - Mechanical Keyboard Recommendations
- ⭐ Mousepad Mastersheet - Mousepad Comparison Chart
- ProductChart - Electronic Comparisons
- Privacy Not Included - Product Privacy Ratings
- /r/buildapc - PC Building Community / Discord
- /r/BuildAPCForMe - PC Building Community
- NewMaxx's SSD Site / Doc, SSD Tester or JohnnyLucky - SSD Buying Comparisons
- Disk Prices - Disk Price Tracker
- Jarrod's Tech or SuggestALaptop (discord) - Laptop Suggestions
- Laptop Wiki - Laptop Info Database
- HackersBoard - Single Board Computer Database
- EveryMac - Mac Info Database
- Mouse Ratings, EloShapes, Sensor.fyi, RocketJumpNinja or /r/MouseReview / Discord - Mouse Buying Guides
- PSU Tier List - PSU Buying Guide
- DisplaySpecifications, PC Monitors, TFTCentral, Monitor Hunter, Monitor Spreadsheet or DisplayNinja - Monitor Buying Guides
- sven dpi or screensiz.es - Screen / Monitor Size Comparisons
- AudioScienceReview - Audio Equipment Discussion
- Scarbir, /r/Headphones Guide, Squiglink, DIY-Audio-Heaven, Crinacle Graphs or Crinacle - Headset / Headphone / Earphone Comparisons
- Consoomer_Guide - Earphone Shopping Guide
- Crinacle's Ultimate IEM List or IEMGazette - In-Ear Monitor Comparisons / Reviews
- SpeakerRanking - Speaker Comparisons / Reviews
- Erin's Audio Corner or Equipboard - Audio Equipment Comparisons
- Don’t kill my app! - Manufacturer Battery Life vs. App Functionality
- PhoneSized or HotSpot3D - Phone Size Comparisons
- Gamepadla - Gamepad / Controller Latency Tests
- RetroCatalog or Handheld Emulation Compatibility - Handheld Emulation Compatibility / Info
- ComparisonTabl.es - Compare E-Readers
- DrawTab - Drawing Tablet Info / Wiki
- Consolevariations - Game Console Rarity / Shopping
- Camera Decision or Digicamfinder - Compare Cameras
▷ Games
- ↪️ Steam Store Tools
- ⭐ GG.deals
- ⭐ IsThereAnyDeal
- ⭐ SteamDB - Steam Sales
- SteamBase - Steam Sales
- SteamDeals - Steam Sales
- SteamSpy - Steam Sales
- CheapShark / Discord
- /r/GameDeals
- PSPrices
- EpicGamesDC - Epic Store Price Tracker
- PriceCharting - Game, Comic & Trading Card Price Tracker
- DekuDeals, NTDeals or AppGG - Switch Game Price Trackers
- PS Deals or XB Deals - Game Price Trackers
▷ Toys / Collectibles
- MyFigureCollection - Japanese Pop-Culture Merch Database
- Pokechange or Misprint - Buy / Sell Pokémon Cards
- Dinosaur Toy Blog or Animal Toy Blog - Animal Toy Reviews
- Ty Collector or Beaniepedia - Ty Collectibles Databases
- BreyerHorseRef - Breyer Horse Database
- The Toy Pool - Multi-Brand Toy & Doll Database
- Brickset - Lego Set Guide
- FigureRealm - Track Action Figure Collection
▷ Price Tracking
- ⭐ Dupe or wtf.deals - Furniture Duplicate Deals Search
- ⭐ Keepa, PriceHistory or CamelCamelCamel / Charts - Amazon Price Trackers / App
- Vetted, Real Price Tracker or FlipsHope - Price Tracking Extensions
- Search eBay Sold - eBay Sold Item Search
- /r/WhatsThisWorth - Online Appraisals
- GasPrices - Gas Price Tracker
- Music Software Deals - Track Music Software Prices
- Valuta EX or Currency World - Currency Converters
► Useful Sites
- ↪️ Manual Sites - Repair Articles / Manuals
- ↪️ Mind Mapping
- ↪️ Presentation Tools
- ↪️ Data Visualization
- ↪️ Polling Sites
- ⭐ Versus, SocialCompare or Diffen - Compare Anything
- ⭐ endoflife.date - Tool / Tech End of Life Index
- ⭐ USPS Shipping Supplies - Free Shipping Supplies
- ⭐ BeMyEyes - Assist the Visually Impaired
- ⭐ TinyKitten - Kitten Rescue / Donation
- Make it Yourself / Video or Make: - DIY Projects
- Dashboard - Mac-Style Dashboard Widget
- RANDOM, The One Generator or getrandomgenerator - Random Generators
- The Measure Of Things - Comparative / Relative Quantity Measurements
- Compare Sizes - Size Comparison Tool
- Paper Sizes - Common Paper Sizes
- WhoBrings - Party Item Management Tool
- wttr - Simple Weather Site / GitHub
- Free-lookup - Phone Number Lookup
- KittySplit or Spliit - Group Expense Splitting Calculators
- StageTimer - Event Timer
- Countdowns - Create Custom Countdowns
- A Bra That Fits or BraMetric - Bra Size Calculators
- Wheel Decide, PickerWheel, HeySpinner or Wheel of Names - Wheel Randomizers
- SurveyHeart or Pepperform - Survey Creators
- Samay - Meeting Time Polls
- Event Rally / GitHub, Cally, LettuceMeet, Mobilizon or Gancio - Event Organizing
- Label Studio or Cvat - Data Organizing Tools
- colnect - Manage Personal Collections
- AllBadges - Track Badge Collection
- Diffchecker - Check Differences in Text, Images, PDFs or Files
- Find Your Place - Find Places from Pictures
- Forebears or BehindTheName - Name Etymologies
- Acoustic Gender - Measure Voice Pitch
- Timeline Cascade / GitHub, Timeline JS or Time.Graphics - Create Timelines
- Timeliner - Create Personal Digital Timeline
- Familypedia, Gramps, FamilySearch or WikiTree - Find Family Trees
- FamilyEcho - Create Custom Family Tree
- Ravelry - Fiber Artist Tools
- ThistoThat - How to Glue Anything to Anything
- PEmbroider - Embroidery Generator
- Startmycar, CarCareKiosk or CarComplaints - Car Repair Sites
- PlateRecognizer - License Plate Recognition
- Fragrantica, Basenotes or Parfumo - Perfume / Fragrance Databases
- Stolen Drone - Stolen Drone Info
- CacheSleuth - Geocaching Tools
- Parcelsapp, Informed Delivery or 17Track - Mail Package Tracking
- TemplateMaker - Package / Box Templates
- /r/Assistance, /r/borrow, /r/Random_Acts_Of_Pizza or /r/Homeless - Assistance / Donation Subreddits
- CharityNavigator, Arab.org, CharityWatch, ProPublica or GiveWell - Charity Ratings and Donor Resources
▷ Multi Tool Sites
- 🌐 Mr Free Tools - Find Free Tools
- ⭐ LibreOps - Open-Source Tools
- ⭐ TinyWow - Text / Image / PDF / File
- ⭐ PineTools - Text / Multimedia / Colors / Code
- ZeroKit - Text / Image / Social Media / Code / Discord
- GoOnlineTools - Text / Encode-Decode / Code / Random / Image
- Framasoft - Text / Collaboration
- 10015.io - Text / Image / Code / Colors
- Disroot - Text / Social Media
- RandomTools - Social Media / Text / Image / Code
- MajorGeeks Tools - Social Media / Text / Image / Code
- OmniTools - Social Media / Text / Image / Code
- uFreeTools - Text / Code
- ToolYatri - Text / Code
- IPVoid - Text / IP
- AppsCyborg - File Conversion / Media
- onlinetools - File Specific Tools
- a.tools - Text / Image / Code / Cryptography
- RakkoTools - Text / Code / Image
- 123Apps - Multimedia / File Conversion / PDF
- KodyTools or Webacus - Data / Text / Design / Cryptography / Unit Conversion
- Media.io - Multimedia
- Sumo - Design / Graphic / Music
- Digital Methods Initiative - Research Tools Database
- BfoTool - Text / Image / Code / File Conversion
- Ian Coleman - Cryptography and Encoding Tools
- URL Decode - Dev Tools / Web Tools / File Conversion
▷ Productivity Tools
- 🌐 ProductivePrivacy - Privacy-Focused Productivity Apps
- ↪️ To-Do Lists
- ⭐ Super Productivity - Time Tracker / Productivity App / To-Do List
- ⭐ Habitica - Achievement Style Productivity App
- ⭐ Timeblocking - Online Atomic Time Blocking
- /r/GetMotivated - Motivational Community
- Freeter - Work Organizer / GitHub
- VisualizeHabit - Habit Tracking
- Cold Turkey - Site Blocker / Productivity App / Premium (use python)
- ActivityWatch - Device / App Time Tracker / Extensions
- ProcrastiTracker - Device / App Time Tracker
- Focumon - Pokémon Style Productivity App
- Timer - Time Tracker
- timebleed - Time Tracker / Break Reminders
- wnr - Time Tracker / Break Reminders
- Pomatez - Time Tracker / Break Reminders
- BreakTimer - Break Reminders
- Stretchly - Break Reminders
- skāl.es - Work Life Balance Tracking
- BreakMessage - Online Break Reminders
- Plucky, Block Site, LeechBlock, uBlacklist or Forest - Site Blocking Extensions
- UnDistracted or Focus-ToDo - Chrome Productivity Managers
- Comicsflow - Comic / Manga Project Manager
▷ Calendars / Scheduling
- ⭐ Cal.com / GitHub
- GanttProject - Project Scheduling App
- Pick Time - Easily Schedule Times with Friends
- Proton Calendar - Calendar
- Tweek - Calendar
- TOAST UI Calendar - Calendar
- CompassCalendar - Calendar
- Gantt - Calendar
- Morgen - Calendar
- time.fyi - Calendar / Time Tools
- Office Holidays or Forekast - World Event Calendars
► Fun Sites
▷ Chat / Forums
- 🌐 /r/ListOfSubreddits - List of Subreddits
- 🌐 Piracy Subs - Piracy Subreddits
- ↪️ Multireddit Index
- ↪️ AI Chatbots
- ⭐ Knockout / Discord, comfy box, SheepishPatio, Macintosh Cafe or SomethingAwful - General Forums
- ⭐ SufficientVelocity, Myth Weavers, RolePlayer or SpaceBattles - Fanfiction / Roleplaying Communities
- Frantic Fanfic - Fanfiction Chat Game
- Pithee - Rank Shitposting / Login Required
- Posting.Cool - Random Topic Forum
- Earth Reviews - Help Improve the Simulation
- Virtual World List - Virtual World List
- Monkey - Random Chat Rooms
- Wireclub - Topic Chat Rooms
- MyCast - Dream Casting Discussions
- AnimeSuki, AnimeUKNews or Fanverse - Anime Discussion
- Fora or Discourse - Specialty Forums
- Resetera or RakcetBoy - Game Forums
- TheRPF - Movie Costume / Prop Forum
- Websleuths - Crime Solving Forum
- Photonlexicon - Lasers Forum
- Status.Cafe - Share Current Status
- TwoCansAndAString or TellOnMe - Anonymous Q&A
- Earth 2050 - Future Predictions
- FutureMe or MessageToTheFuture - Send Messages to Future Self
- PostSecret - Share Secrets via Postcard
- PenPal World or GlobalPenFriends - Pen Pal Community
- WriteAPrisoner - Pen Pals for Inmates
- Magic Crystal Ball - Get Messages from Beyond
▷ Image / Video
- ↪️ Random Images
- ↪️ GIF Tools
- ↪️ Meme Tools
- ↪️ Random Webcams
- ↪️ 4chan Archives
- ⭐ SakugaBooru - Anime Animation Booru / Enhancements
- loc.alize - Explore Earth via Images
- Newgrounds Auditorium - Newground Flash Animation Archive
- MSPFA - MS Paint Fan Adventures
- GigaMacro or Gigapan - Panoramic Photography
- stringers.live - Live Freelance Journalist Streams
- Retro TV Simulator - Simulate Oldschool TV Channels
- TheOfficeStareMachine - The Office Video Emotion Search
- BumpWorthy - Adult Swim Bumps
- Sudomemo or Kaeru Gallery - DS Flipnote Studio Galleries
- Toonami Remastered - Remastered Toonami Content
- ThisXDoesNotExist - Realistic-Looking Fake Versions of Things
- ThisPersonNotExist, Who the Fook is That Guy or this-person-does-not-exist - People That Don't Exist
- The Slideshow - Google Image Slideshow
- Different Strokes - Online User-Made Art Gallery
- Creative Uncut - Video Game Art
- IndieGameBooru - Indie Game Image Booru
- Random Screenshot or Random Prnt.sc - Random Screenshots
- Random Comic Generator 3.0 - Explosm Random Comic Generator
- Pulp-O-Mizer - Vintage Magazine Cover Generator
- Chris Shier - Canvas Animations / GIFs
- THE 88×31 ARCHIVE, Babamos 88x31, 88x31 Buttons or Web Badges World - Oldschool 88x31 Web Badges
- /r/Place Atlas - /r/Place Info
- LameBook - Funny Facebook Statuses
- Kittenwar! - Rate Kittens
- Cataas or Random Cat - Random Cat Images
- procatinator - Cat GIFs & Music
- Open Puppies - Random Dog GIFs
- bomomo - Multi-Brush Painting
- Monsterland - Collaborative Monster Drawing
- JS Kid Pix - Browser JS KidPix
- JacksonPollock - Splatter Painting / Click to Change Color
- Paint with Music - Paint with Sound
- No Paint - Press "Paint" if you like what you see, "No" if you don't
- TenThousandPixels - Online Pixel Canvas
- Triviart - Infinite Painting Canvas with Trivia
- paint.wtf - Have an AI Judge Your Art
- MakeCoatOfArms - Coat of Arms Generator
- Where Is The Google Car - Google Car Images / Locations
- Web Neko - Nekos on the Web
- Uji or Turtletoy - Minimalist Art Generators
- Random Art - Random Art Generator
- Paper Quilling Art - Paper Quilling Art Generator
- Periodicity - Harmonic Motion Patterns
- Inspirograph or SpirographN - Spirograph Tool
- Silk - Create Geometric Silk Art
- MandalaGaba / Pro Version, Mandala App or DigitalDoily - Zen Geometry Tools
- myMrLx - Spiral Art Generators
- Remoji - Emoji Painting
- EmojiMix or Emoji Kitchen - Combine Emojis
- Emojination, EmoteStud, Emoji Factory or Ccclaymoji - Emoji Creators
- MyPokeCard - Create Pokémon Cards
- pokemon-colorscripts - Terminal Pokémon Sprites
- Pokémon Fusion - Fuse Pokémon
- Poke Palettes - Pokémon Color Palettes
- Star Wars Intro Creator - Create Star Wars Intros
- Mirage Gallery - AI Art Gallery
- Gondola List - Gondola Meme Archive
- Matchbox Dan - Matchbox Car Picture Archive
- Floor796 - Ever-Expanding Animated Scene
- Zoomquilt / 2, Infinite Zoom or Arkadia - Infinite Zooming Paintings
- Blue Ball Machine 2 - Full Page Chain Reaction Image
- Magnet Poetry - Magnet Poetry
- YourNameInLandsat - Spell Anything via Satellite Images
- Useless Certifications - Useless Certifications
- Anime Girls Holding Programming Books
- webgbcam - Game Boy Camera in Browser
- Terminal Video Player - Cursed Terminal Video Player
▷ Interactive
- 🌐 David.li - Physics Games
- ↪️ Fun Site Indexes
- ↪️ Browser Games
- ↪️ Image Creation
- ↪️ ASCII Art
- ⭐ The Life Engine - Artificial Life Simulation / Discord / Video
- ⭐ Sandboxels, Powder Game 2, Powder Toy, sandspiel.club - Falling Sand Physics Sandbox
- ⭐ Genetic Cars 2 - Random 2D Car Generator
- ⭐ Human Benchmark - Brain Games & Cognitive Tests
- ⭐ Got Rhythm? - Rhythm / Tempo Test
- Little Alchemy or Little Alchemy 2 - Alchemy Game
- Impersona - In-Character Public Chats / Discord
- DJ3D - Watch YouTube in Virtual World
- JUST SCREAM! - Scream into the Universe
- VentScape or PostSecretVoicemail - Speak into a Void
- AfterTheBeep - Public Voicemail
- Frequency2156 - Listen to / Record Survival Messages
- 1000 Seconds - Test of Patience
- Just a Minute - Estimate a Minute
- Oracle - Try to Trick an AI
- Cookie Consent Speed.Run - Cookie Disabling Game
- Are You You? - Try to Fool Face Recognition Software
- Word Blanks or Plot Generator - Online Mad Libs
- MagicKeyboard - Try "feross", "hexbin", "rain", or "semi"
- Just Type Stuff - Type Things into Existence
- Cafe and Diner - Browser Mystery Game
- Pokémon Fossil Museum - Explore Pokémon Fossil Museum
- New Campaign Trail - Presidential Campaign Game / Discord
- There Is No Website - Browser Website Game
- 2020 Game - Play Through 2020
- Terminal 00, corru.observer, lomando or angelangelangel - Cursed Sites / Horror Games
- Windows93 - Windows 93 Emulator
- larsberg, substack or mrdoob - Trippy 3D Experiments
- Google Doodles, 2 - Interactive Google Doodles
- Quick, Draw - Doodle Game
- Doodle Dash - Let AI Guess Doodles
- AI Bingo - AI Art Guessing Games
- Genetic Walkers - Genetic Algorithm Walkers
- A Better World - Interactive History Changing Game
- OpenGeofiction - User-Made Fictional Map
- DrivingSimulator - 3D Driving Simulator
- OpenScope - Air Traffic Control Simulator
- Traffic Simulation - Traffic Flow Simulation
- cnnix-steership - Steer through the Suez Canal
- Ballooning - Procedurally Generated Balloon Simulator
- Tamajoji - Browser Tamagotchi
- Our World of Text, TextWall or OurWorldOfText - Infinite Community Text Grid
- This Is Sand - Make Sand Art
- Orb.Farm - Virtual Aquatic Ecosystem
- 3DTuning - Build 3D Cars
- Generativeplanets or Planet - Planet Generators
- Townscaper - Town Building Sandbox
- Gravity Points, Hermann or dmilin1 - Gravity Simulators
- Google Gravity - Falling Google
- Origami Simulator - Origami Simulation
- Super Snowflake Maker or Fold & Cut - Make Digital Paper Snowflakes
- Iceberger - Draw an Iceberg, See how it Floats
- BubblesPop, 2 - Pop Bubble Wrap
- Checkbox Life or Checkbox Olympics - Checkbox Games
- Fidget Page - Play with Fidget Spinner
- Keep calm and poke me. - Poke & Pull
- Wanda Whirl - Play w/ Colorful Streamers
- Elastic Man - Elastic Morty
- Screentoys - Photo Morphing Toy
- Smash The Walls - Smash Walls
- Koalas to the Max - Make Smaller & Smaller Dots
- Popcat - Worldwide Popcat Clicking Competition
- Spherical Trochoids - Experiment with Spherical Trochoids
- DrawAurora - Draw Auroras
- Neonflames - Draw Nebulas
- Leapy Grid - Play with Rainbow Grid
- Pianos.pub - Find Public Pianos
- danielx or AMS - Mario Paint Composer Ports / Archive
- Typatone - Play Music by Typing
- Blossom - Create Sounds via Clicks
- Drawing Garden - Create Sounds via Mouse Movement
- Fractal Sound Explorer - Create Sounds via Fractals
- Corruption Loops - Generative Unique Ambient Music
- Abundant Music - Procedural Music Editor
- typedrummer - Drum by Typing
- Soundscape - Beat Builder / Visualizer
- MikuTap - Click to Make Sounds / Graphics
- Patatap - Type to Create Melodies / Moving Shapes
- Touch Pianist - Magical Piano App
- A.I. DUET - AI Piano Duet
- Pianoverse or MultiplayerPiano - Multiplayer Piano
- Incredibox - Make Beatboxing Beats
- DJ Phonetic - Historical Speech Beatboxing
- Viola the Bird - Browser Cello
- bongo.cat - Become Bongo Cat
- ambient.garden - 3D Audio Landscape
- Short Trip - Relaxing Cat Game
- Draw a Stickman - Stickman Adventure / Discord
- Wonder of Wonder Art - Create a Dancing Character
- Emotiguy - Edit Emotiguy
- Cursor Car - Play with Car Cursor
▷ Interesting
- 🌐 Awesome Lego - Lego Resources
- ↪️ Online Virtual Tours
- ⭐ Iceberg Charts - Explore Obscure Topics / /r/IcebergCharts
- ⭐ InfiniteConversation or InfiniteConvo - Never-Ending AI Conversations
- ⭐ TVTropes - Tropes & Media Encyclopedia
- ⭐ Ranker, Listography, hero, TheTopsTens, CopyPasteList or ListVerse - Create / Explore Lists
- ⭐ The Lost Media Wiki / Forum / Discord
- ⭐ Goody2 - Worlds Most Ethical AI
- The Pudding - Explains Ideas w/ Visual Essays
- Google Earth - Explore Earth
- Land Lines - Explore Google Earth via Gestures
- elgooG - Google Easter Eggs
- QuarterMaester - Game of Thrones Map
- DamnInteresting - Interesting Stories
- Unusual Articles - Unusual Wiki Articles
- The Cutting Room Floor - Unused Video Game Content Research
- SongMeanings - Discover Song Meanings
- The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows - Made Up Words for Sorrows
- House Creep - Homes with A Curious or Criminal History
- Wiby - Explore Old Sites
- VersionMuseum - Website History / Info
- InfoMesh - Web History / Info
- info.cern - First Website on the Internet
- BetaWiki - Operating System / Software History / Discord
- Old Computer Museum - Computer History
- The HP 9845 Project - HP 9845 Computer History
- Folklore or TheAppleWiki - Apple Computer History
- Crypto Museum - Cryptographic Machine History
- The Retro Web - Computer Hardware History
- VGA Museum - Graphic Cards History
- Virus Encyclopedia - Computer Virus History
- MobilePhoneMuseum - Mobile Phone History / Info
- KilledByGoogle or KilledByMicrosoft - Dead Projects
- Projectrho - Fantasy Rocket Encyclopedia
- EnigmaLabs, UFO Casebook or UFO Sighting Chart - UFO Sighting Lists / Tracking
- BFRO - Bigfoot Research Site
- TheShadowlands - Oldschool Paranormal Research Site
- BreezeWiki - Fandom Frontend / Mirrors
- BlackDrago - Dragon Encyclopedia
- FutureTimeline - Timeline of Future Predictions
- CommSpeeches - Famous Graduation Speeches
- Roadside America - Roadside Attractions
- Roller Coaster Database - World Roller Coasters
- FirstVersions - Find First Versions of Anything
- ConWorld - Constructed Worlds Wiki
- Aesthetics Wiki - Aesthetics Wiki / Discord / Subreddit
- Pushing Pixels - Imaginary UI from Movies
- Nestflix - Fictional Media in Media Database
- List of Aesthetics
- BogLeech - Monster Design Reviews
- BrickLink Studio - Lego Building Software
- Instructables or CreativePark - Free Projects / Crafts
- cholyknight - Free Sewing Patterns for Plushies / Wearables
- Toys from Trash - Use Everyday Items to Make Toys
- PaperToys - Printable Paper Toys
- Fold N Fly - Paper Airplane Guides
- TwistyPuzzles or HyperCubing - Twisty Puzzle Wikis
- Game a-b-street - Traffic Simulation
- John Conway’s Game of Life - Cellular Automaton Game / Patterns / Video, 2
- Moral Machine - Decision-Making AIs
- Chirper - AI Generated X.com
- Judge My Music - Have an AI Judge Your Taste in Music
- Common Voice - Help Teach a Machine How to Talk
- Michaelbach or Optical Toys - Optical Illusions
- Strobe Illusion - Hallucination Illusion
- Notpron - Worlds Hardest Internet Riddle
- Politiscales, 8dreams or 8values - Political Alignment Test
- HowNormalAmI? - Face Judge AI
- Face Shape AI or Face Shape Detectors - Face Shape Detectors
- Face Age AI - AI Age Guessing
- You're Getting Old - Age Perspective
- HeyFromTheFuture - What People Wish They Knew at Your Age
- MyGrandmothersLingo - Interactive Story
- Emoji to Scale - Emoji Size Scale
- Cube Rule - The Cube Rule of Food
- The GIF Pronunciation Page - How to Pronounce "GIF"
- Where's George? or TrackDollar - Dollar Tracking
- WordCount - Most Common Linux Kernel Source Code Words
▷ Random
- 🌐 Funny / Useless - Funny / Useless Websites
- 🌐 Websites From Hell - Shitty Websites
- 🌐 404PageFound - Old Websites
- ⭐ Vijay's Virtual Vibes - Find Random Sites / iFrame Version
- ⭐ Copypasta Text - Copypasta Databases
- ⭐ CreepyPasta - Creepypasta Database
- ⭐ TheOnion - Fake News Articles
- ⭐ Uncyclopedia - Wikipedia Parody
- ⭐ WhatBeatsRock - Guess What Beats What
- ⭐ Library of Babel - Every Book of Past, Present, and Future
- The Red Button - Random Video / Song Generator
- Visit A Random Website - Find Random Sites
- BoredButton - Find Random Sites
- Sharkle! - Find Random Sites
- The Useless Web, 2 - Find Random Sites
- JumpStick - Find Random Sites
- Trilzo - Find Random Sites
- OpenBulkURL - Find Random Sites
- ViralWalk - Find Random Sites
- The Forest - Find Random Sites
- PortalPioneer - Find Random Sites
- TheSillyWeb - Find Random Sites
- WhatsMYIP - Find Random Sites
- Random-Website - Find Random Sites
- Wilderness Land - Find Random Sites
- CloudHiker - Find Random Sites
- HyperText - Random Sites / TV Channel Style / GitHub
- IndieBlogs - Random Indie Blogs
- Things to Do, HobbyGenerator or TheZen - Activity Suggestions
- rrrather - Would You Rather
- Scattergories - Scattergories List Generator
- Color Arena - Best Color Voting
- ColorNames - Help Name Colors
- Colorword - Word Color Voting
- Star Wars ASCII Animation
- Gizoogle - Google Shiznit
- Presence - Unwrap Presents Remotely
- Lots of Links - Random Funny Links
- WindowSwap or VisualVacation - Open Random Windows
- Judgey - Judge A Book By Its Cover
- MoodLight or Defonic MoodLight - Turn Screen into Strobe / Mood Light
- HYDRA - Live Coding Networked Visuals / Discord
- The Editing Room - Funny Abridged Movie Scripts
- Gen-Z AI - AI Generated Urban Dictionary Definitions
- ShindanMaker - Diagnoses / Fortune AI
- LMGTFY, LMDDGTFY, LMSPTFY, LetMeGoogleThat or GIYBF - Remind People that Search Engines Exists
- AfterTheTone - Random Answering Machine Messages
- Pink Trombone - Human Pitch Generator
- Purrli - Cat Purr Generator
- WebCassette - Add Cassette Effects to Songs
- The Nicest Place - Internet Hugs
- InspiroBot - Inspirational Quote Generator
- HORG - Holotypic Occlupanid Research Group
- Waifu Labs - Meet Your Waifu
- Skynet - View Websites like they're from the 90s
- CameronsWorld - 90s Themed Website
- Classic GTA Sites - Original GTA Site
- Objection! - Ace Attorney Objecting on Your Behalf
- The Death Generator - Video Game Text Generator
- IASIP App - It's Always Sunny Title Generator
- UpJoke - Jokes for Any Topic
- DadJokeCLI - Get Dad Jokes in Command Line
- CSS Puns - CSS Puns
- Peter Answers - Create Fake Questions & Answers / Tutorial
- The Santa Tracker - Track Santa during Christmas
- April Fools Day On The Web - Find April Fools' Pranks Played by Websites
- PrankHotline - Phone Pranks
- GeekPrank or Pranx - Windows Pranks
- Update Faker or Fake Update - Fake System Update Pranks
- DownloadHardware - Download Computer Hardware
- The Restart Page - Vintage Operating System Reboots
- Windows XP Error Worm - Click & Drag Windows Errors
- HackTyper, HackerTyper, Hoacks or Geektyper - Fake Hacking Screen
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:34:46
For generations before generative text, writers have used the em dash to hop between thoughts, emotions, and ideas. Dickens shaped his morality tales with it, Woolf’s stream-of-consciousness flowed through it, Kerouac let it drive his jazz-like prose. Today, Sally Rooney threads it through her quiet truths of the heart.
But this beloved punctuation mark has become a casualty of the algorithmic age. The em dash has been so widely adopted by AI-generated text that even when used by human hands, it begs the question: was this actually written or apathetically prompted?
The battle for the soul of writing is in full swing. And the human fightback starts here. With a new punctuation mark that serves as a symbol of real pondering, genuine daydreaming, and true editorial wordsmithery. Inspired by Descartes’ belief that thinking makes us human, the am dash is a small but powerful testament that the words you’ve painstakingly and poetically pulled together are unequivocally, certifiably, and delightfully your own.
Let's reclain writig from AI—oneam dash at time.
Download the fonts:
— Aereal https://bit.ly/3EO6fo8 — Times New Human https://bit.ly/4jQTcRS
Learn more about the am dash
https://www.theamdash.com
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976218
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:11:27Consider the following two charts from A History of Clojure which detail the introduction and retention of new code by release for both Clojure and for Scala.
While this doesn't necessarily translate to library stability, it's reasonable to assume that the attitude of the Clojure maintainers will seep into the community. And that assumption is true.
Consider a typical Javascript program. What is it comprised of? Objects, objects, and more objects. Members of those objects must be either introspected or divined. Worse, it's normal to monkeypatch those objects, so the object members may (or may not) change over time.
Now, consider a typical Clojure program. What is it comprised of? Namespaces. Those namespaces contain functions and data. Functions may be dynamically generated (via macros), but it is extremely rare to "monkeypatch" a namespace. If you want to know what functions are available in a namespace, you can simply read the source file.
Continue reading https://potetm.com/devtalk/stability-by-design.html
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976215
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@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-10 03:57:17Disclaimer: * การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงแนวทาง ไม่ใช่คำแนะนำในการซื้อขาย * การลงทุนมีความเสี่ยง ผู้ลงทุนควรตัดสินใจด้วยตนเอง
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-08 05:25:48Safe Bits & Self Custody Tips
The journey of onboarding a user and create a bitcoin multiSig setup begins far before opening a desktop like Bitcoin Safe (BS) or any other similar application. Bitcoin Safe seems designed for families and people that want to start exploring and learning about multiSig setup. The need for such application and use of it could go much further, defining best practices for private organizations that aim to custody bitcoin in a private and anonymous way, following and enjoy the values and standards bitcoin has been built for.
Intro
Organizations and small private groups like families, family offices and solopreneurs operating on a bitcoin standard will have the need to keep track of transactions and categorize them to keep the books in order. A part of our efforts will be spent ensuring accessibility standards are in place for everyone to use Bitcoin Safe with comfort and safety.
We aim with this project to bring together the three Designathon ideas below: - Bitcoin Safe: improve its overall design and usability. - No User Left Behind: improve Bitcoin Safe accessibility. - Self-custody guidelines for organizations: How Bitcoin Safe can be used by private organization following best self-custody practices.
We are already halfway of the first week, and here below the progress made so far.
Designing an icon Set for Bitcoin Safe
One of the noticeable things when using BS is the inconsistency of the icons, not just in colors and shapes, but also the way are used. The desktop app try to have a clean design that incorporate with all OS (Win, macOS, Linux) and for this reason it's hard to define when a system default icon need to be used or if a custom one can be applied instead. The use of QT Ui framework for python apps help to respond to these questions. It also incorporates and brig up dome default settings that aren't easily overwritten.
Here below you can see the current version of BS:
Defining a more strict color palette for Bitcoin Safe was the first thing!
How much the icons affect accessibility? How they can help users to reach the right functionality? I took the challenge and, with PenPot.app, redesigned the icons based on the grid defined in the https://bitcoinicons.com/ and proposing the implementation of it to have a cleaner and more consistent look'n feel, at least for the icons now.
What's next
I personally look forward to seeing these icons implemented soon in Bitcoin Safe interface. In the meantime, we'll focus on delivering an accessibility audit and evaluate options to see how BS could be used by private organizations aiming to become financially sovereign with self-custody or more complex bitcoin multiSig setups.
One of the greatest innovations BS is bringing to us is the ability to sync the multiSig wallets, including PBST, Categories and labels, through the nostr decentralized protocol, making current key custodial services somehow obsolete. Second-coolest feature that this nostr implementation brings is the ability to have a build-in private chat that connect and enable the various signers of a multiSig to communicate and sign transactions remotely. Where have you seen something like this before?
Categories UX and redesign is also considered in this project. We'll try to understand how to better serve this functionality to you, the user, really soon.
Stay tuned!
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/974488
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-08 05:08:36Welcome back to our weekly
JABBB
, Just Another Bitcoin Bubble Boom, a comics and meme contest crafted for you, creative stackers!If you'd like to learn more, check our welcome post here.
This week sticker:
Bitcoin Sir
You can download the source file directly from the HereComesBitcoin website in SVG and PNG. Use this sticker around SN with the code

The task
Make sure you use this week sticker to design a comic frame or a meme, add a message that perfectly captures the sentiment of the current most hilarious takes on the Bitcoin space. You can contextualize it or not, it's up to you, you chose the message, the context and anything else that will help you submit your comic art masterpiece.
Are you a meme creator? There's space for you too: select the most similar shot from the gifts hosted on the Gif Station section and craft your best meme... Let's Jabbb!
If you enjoy designing and memeing, feel free to check out the JABBB archive and create more to spread Bitcoin awareness to the moon.
Submit each proposal on the relative thread, bounties will be distributed when enough participants submit options.
PS: you can now use HereComesBitcoin stickers to use on Stacker.News
₿e creative, have fun! :D
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/974483
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:56:25Wild parrots tend to fly in flocks, but when kept as single pets, they may become lonely and bored https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHcAOlamgDc
Source: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-taught-pet-parrots-to-video-call-each-other-and-the-birds-loved-it-180982041/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973639
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:29:52Your device, your data. TRMNL's architecture prevents outsiders (including us) from accessing your local network. TRMNAL achieve this through 1 way communication between client and server, versus the other way around. Learn more.
Learn more at https://usetrmnl.com/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973632
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:07:42► Torrent Sites
Warning - It's best to avoid sites that allow anyone to make accounts when getting both software and games. Avoid sites and uploaders listed on the Unsafe Sites page, and remember to use a VPN.
- ⭐ RuTracker, 2 - Video / Audio / Comics / Magazines / Sign-Up Required
- ⭐ RuTracker Tools - Addon / Wiki / Rules / Translator
- ⭐ m0nkrus / 2 - Adobe Software Archive / Block Adobe / Search / Telegram
- ⭐ Torrent CSE / CSE 2 - Multi Site Search
- 1337x - Video / Audio / NSFW
- 1337x Tools - Mirrors, 2, 3 / User Ranks / Telegram Bot, 2 / IMDb Ratings / Proxy, 2 / .onion / Magnets / Timezone Fix
- RARBG Dump - Video / Audio / Games / Books / NSFW / Continuation Project
- LimeTorrents - Video / Audio / Books
- IsoHunt - Video / Audio / Books
- TorrentDownloads - Video / Audio / Books
- ExtraTorrent - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- rutor.info, 2, 3 - Video / Audio / Books / ROMs / Magazines / Use Translator
- NNM-Club - Video / Audio / Note
- Torrenting - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW / Sign-Up Required
- ZeroTorrent, 2 - ZeroNet Required / Video / Audio
- 4chan /t/ - Torrents / Imageboard / Some NSFW
▷ Aggregators
Warning - Aggregators include many sources, so it's best to avoid using them for software and games. Avoid sites and uploaders listed on the Unsafe Sites page.
- ⭐ BTDigg - DHT-Based / .onion / .i2p
- ⭐ Knaben
- ExT, 2 / Proxy
- TorrentProject, 2 - DHT-Based
- DaMagNet - DHT-Based
- TorrentDownload
- TorrentQuest
- TorrentCORE
- Cleanbay
- CloudTorrents
- Torrents-CSV
- FileMood
- iDope
- BT4G
- PiratesParadise
- snowfl
- Torlock
- YourBittorrent
- BTSearch
- 0Mag, 2 - Magnet Link Sharing Platform
- Magnetissimo - Magnet Search Web App
- TorrentSearchRobot or TorrentHuntBot - Telegram Torrent Search Bots
- Torrentinim or BitMagnet - Self-Hosted Torrent Search Engines
▷ Video Sites
▷ Anime Sites
▷ Educational Sites
▷ Game Sites
▷ Audio Sites
► Torrent Clients
Warning - Make sure you BIND your VPN to your client to avoid ISP letters.
- ⭐ qBittorrent or QBT Enhanced - Tools
- ⭐ Deluge - Plugins / Config / Telegram Plugin
- ⭐ Transmission
- torrent-control or Remote Torrent Adder - Easily Send Torrents to Client
- Tixati
- WizTorrent / Torrent Player / WebShare
- BiglyBT
- LIII
- PikaTorrent / GitHub
- Distribyted / GitHub
- Instant.io - Stream Torrents in Browser
- BTorrent - Stream Torrents in Browser
- Magnet Player - Stream Torrents in Browser
- BitFord - Chrome
- Rats Search - Torrent Search Client
- Download Torrents Through I2P
- flood - rTorrent, Transmission & qBittorrent WebUI / GitHub
- /r/Seedboxes - Seedbox Subreddit
- Seedbox Guide - Seedbox Comparisons
▷ qBittorrent Tools
- 🌐 QBT Plugins - Plugins Index
- 🌐 QBT Themes - Themes Index
- qBitMF - Multi-Connection Tool
- VueTorrent - Web Client
- rqBit - Rust Client
- qBit Manage - Manager / Automation Tool
- qBitController - Mobile Controllers
- Docker QBT or QBT VPN - Docker Builds
- QBT Mega - Mega Upload Script
- QBT Google Drive - Google Drive Upload Script
- Dark Theme or iOS Style - QBT Themes
- qBitEndpoints - API Endpoints
- Quantum - Auto Port Updater for Proton
▷ Remote Torrenting
- ↪️ Torrent to Google Drive
- ⭐ Seedr - Telegram Bot / API Wrapper, 2 - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
- webtor - Torrent to Stream / DDL Sites
- Multi-Up - Torrent to DDL Sites
- Bitport - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
- TorrentSafe - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
- BitPlay - Torrent to Stream
- TorBox - Torrent to Cloud
- ZBIGZ - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
- Demagnetize - Torrent to DDL
▷ Android Clients
► Tracker Invites
- 🌐 Private Trackers General, /r/TrackersInfo, The Sheet or Graph - Private Tracker Guides
- 🌐 Scene Related - Warez / Scene Site Index
- ⭐ TrackerStatus or TrackerHub - Tracker Status Updates
- /r/trackers - Tracker Discussion
- /r/OpenSignups or /r/OpenedSignups - Open Tracker Signup Subs
- MyAnonaMouse - Open Applications
- hdvinnie - Private Tracker List
- OpenSignups - Open Signups Private Trackers / Telegram
- Upload-Assistant - Private Tracker Auto-Upload
- TrackerScreenshot - Auto Screenshot Tracker Stats
► Helpful Sites / Apps
- 🌐 ngosang / 2 / 3, trackerslist / GitHub or NewTrackOn - Tracker Lists
- ↪️ Auto Torrent Tools
- ⭐ Milkie / Discord or Scnlog - Scene Release Download
- ⭐ PreDB.net / Site List, PreDataBA, Xrel, NGP, Archiv.pw, srrDB or M2V - Scene Release Info
- ⭐ T2M / 2, btsow or Torrent Kitty / 2 / 3 - Torrent to Magnet Converters
- ⭐ Magnet2Torrent - Magnet to Torrent Converter
- ⭐ Torrent Legality - Torrenting Laws by Country
- PeerBanHelper - Block Unwanted Leeches / Peers
- btcache, iTorrents or Torrage - Torrent Storage Cache
- InfoTorrent or Webtorrent Checker - Check Torrent File Health
- TorrentTags - Check Torrents for Copyright Claims
- Magnet Link Generator - Magnet Link Generator
- magnet2list - Convert Magnets to Tracker Lists
- OpenWebTorrent - Free Webtorrent Tracker
- AutoDL-Irssi - IRC Channel Monitor / Autodownload / Slack Notifications
- PrivTracker - Private BitTorrent Tracker Generator / GitHub
- AnonSeed - Anonymous Torrent Sharing
- Torrent-Creator - Browser Torrent Creator
- Torrent Parts or Torrent File Editor - Edit Torrents Files
- /r/torrents or /r/VPNTorrents - Torrenting Discussion
- IKnowWhatYouDownload - View Torrents Downloaded by your IP (can be inaccurate)
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:12:54- Note - This section can be used to get movies, music, books, courses, etc. but for anything you install, like games, software, or APKs, it's highly recommended to use the English sections instead. The only exceptions are sites like m0nkrus that have very good reputations. Keep in mind that you can always change the language in the installers.
► Arabic / العربية
- Dawin - Markdown Editor
- Wudooh - Make Arabic Text Clearer
- AdslGate - Arabic Tech Forum
- ZeroTaxJobs - Software Engineer Jobs
- arabic-reddit-extension - Fix Arabic Language on Reddit
▷ Downloading / تحميل
- Stardiima - Movies / TV / Telegram
- arteenz - Cartoons / Anime / Dub / 720p
- ArabicFonts or ARFonts - Fonts
- Eternal Dream Arabization - Modern / Official / Retro Games Arabic Localization
- Ataraxia - Visual Novels / Games Arabic Localization
▷ Torrenting / التورنت
- Arab Torrents - Video / Audio / Books
- ArabP2P - Video / Private Tracker
▷ Streaming / البث
- ⭐ FaselHD, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 1080p / Use Adblocker
- ⭐ RunTV - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- ArabLionz, 2 - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- egydead - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 1080p
- arabseed - Movies / TV / Wrestling / Sub / 1080p
- FajerShow - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Sub / 720p
- egybest - Movies / TV / Anime
- WeCima - Movies / TV / Cartoons
- mycinma - Movies / TV
- Cimaleek - Movies / TV
- mycima-wecima - Movies / TV
- Laroza TV - TV
- witanime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- okanime - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Region Locked
- ristoanime - Anime
- zorox - Anime
- animezid - Anime / Cartoons
- arabic-toons - Cartoons
- Flowind - Cartoons
- Animerco - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- maycima - Anime
- shahiid - Anime / Sub / 720p
- anime3rb - Anime / Sub
- jotorrent - Anime / Sign-Ups Open Every Month
- elahmad - Live TV
- Bein4kora - Live Football
- al-fann - Music
- nghmat - Music / MP3
▷ Reading / القراءة
- Noor Book - Books
- Shamela - Books / Documents
- FoulaBook - Books
- books-library - Books
- EbookSar - Books / Telegram
- AlarabiMag - Books
- Hindawi - Books
- Abjjad - Books
- 3asq - Manga
- Azoramoon - Manga
- KenManga - Manga
- hijala - Manga / Discord
- Aldiwan - Poems / Telegram
- Almaany - Arabic Multilingual Dictionary
- Mo3jam - Arabic Colloquial / Slang Dictionary
► Bangla / বাংলা
- ⭐ Avro Keyboard - Bangla Typing Tool / Spellcheck / WebUI
- aapathshala - Test Practice
- Python Maateen - Python Guide
- Chorcha - Test Prep App
▷ Reading / পড়া
- 24livenewspaper or allbanglanewspaper - Bangla Newspapers
- IQGAW - PDF Library for BD HSC Candidates
- BanglaBookshelf - Fiction / Islamic / Tech Books
- AmarBooks - Books
- Boimate - Books
- ebanglalibrary - Books
- BengaliEbook - Books
- GoBanglaBooks - Books / Downloads
- boierpathshala - Educational Books
- NCTB - NCTB Textbooks of Bangladesh
▷ Downloading / ডাউনলোডিং
- MLSDB - Movie / TV
- Bangla Song - Bangla Song / Music / Radio / MP3
▷ Streaming / স্ট্রিমিং
- BanglaFlix - Movies / TV
- Bangla IPTV - IPTV Playlists
► Bulgarian / Български
- Subsunacs, YavkA or subs.sab.bz - Subtitles
▷ Torrenting / Торентиране
- Zamunda - Registration Required / Video / Audio / Books
- ArenaBG - Registration Required / Movies / TV
▷ Streaming / Стрийминг
- NovaPlay - TV / Live / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Filmi99 - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Sub / 720p
- Filmi24 - Movies / Sub / Dub / 720p
- FilmiPlay - Movies / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Filmifen - Movies / Sub / Dub
- BGTVI - TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- BGESTV - TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Filmi7 - Movies / Sub / Dub
- glebul - Live TV
► Chinese / 汉语方言
- 🌐 heji or bajins - Chinese Sites / Tools Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome GitHub Repo - Programming Resources Index
- 🌐 RecTG - Chinese Telegram Groups / Bots
- assrt, srtku or zimuku - Subtitles
- Tool.lu - Online Tools
- Anti-Ad - Adblock Filters
- GameLoop - Android Emulator
- Thanox - Android System Manager
- Winmoes - Anime Windows Themes / Wallpapers
- Gridea - Blog Writing Client
- China Firewall Bypass Guide, gfwlist, XX-Net, /r/dumbclub or New Pac - Bypass Chinese Firewall
- GHProxy - GitHub Proxy (not blocked by GFW)
- China Firewall Test or Chinese Firewall - Chinese Firewall Blocking Test
- Accesser - SNI RST Solver
- rectg - Chinese Telegram Groups / Bots
- taioan - Chinese Spell Check
- itaigi - Chinese to Taiwanese Translator
- BookStack - Developer / Programming Guides
- Free Chinese Fonts or Fonts.net - Fonts
- Gitee - GitHub Alternative
- HelloGitHub - GitHub Projects
- litt.ly - Personal Link Homepage
- CatoCR - Image to Text
- Oh.Taigi - Learn Taiwanese
- Bangumi, 2 - Media Database / Android Client
- TopHub, Rebang or Chinadaily - News
- IT Home - Tech News
- ixigua.com - Chinese Alternative to YouTube and TikTok
- iyd.wang - Chinese Books / Fiction / Non-Fiction
- feiku6 - Chinese Books / Reading / Listening
- Salty Leo - Chinese Books / Fiction / Non-Fiction / Downloading
- jialezi - Tech Tutorials
- Linux Do - Linux Forum
- Diaosi Forum - Piracy Discussion Forum
- Lofter - Novel Fan Art
- V2EX or ZongScan - Programming Forum
- Baidu / 2, Toutiao, sogou or yisou - Search Engines
- BlockedInChina or China Firewall Test - Test if Site is Blocked in China
- ICIBA / Client, Fanyi or YouDao - Translators
- Hack Game - Incremental Games
- Funn - Fun Sites
▷ Downloading / 下载
- shinybbs - Movies / TV / 1080p
- AnimeNep - Anime
- Hifini or J-pop Music Download - Music / FLAC / MP3
- icourse163 / Icourse163 Downloader - Courses
- CN GreenLumaGUI - Offline Steam DRM Bypass / DLC Unlocker
- SuperLosslessMusic - Audio / FLAC
- flac_file - Audio / FLAC
- VmoMusic - Audio / FLAC
- ZAYU_music - Audio / FLAC
▷ Torrenting / 下载种子
- Csze BT - Video / Audio / Books
- acgnx - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- Share.dmhy - Video / Anime / NSFW
- VGMUpdate - Video / Manga / NSFW
- XiaZai001 - Video / Audio
- dytt8 - Video / Anime
- DoMP4 - Video
- xlmp4 - Video
- dygang - Video
- ACG.rip - Anime / Audio
- MioBT - Anime
- VCB-S - Anime
- ACGNX - Anime
- Anime-Torrent - Anime
- Snow-Raws - Anime / Official Tracker
- Mikan - Anime
- Auto_Bangumi - Anime Torrent Auto Download
- AnimeTrackerList - Anime Trackers List
▷ Streaming / 流媒体
- 🌐 Chinese Drama Site Index - Chinese Drama Sites Index
- 🌐 Movie Forest or klyingshi - Chinese Streaming Sites Index
- ⭐ 555dy - Movies / TV / Anime / NSFW / Sub / 1080p
- ⭐ BiliBili / .tv / Multi-Platform Client / Signup Block / Sponsorblock
- ddrk, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Tencent Video - Movies / TV / Anime / Cartoons / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Downloader
- MoMoVOD - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 1080p
- VidHub - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 1080p
- ztv.tw - Streaming / Movies / TV / Anime
- chinaq.app - Movies / TV / Anime
- Imaple - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- imjw - Movies / TV / 1080p
- xiaoyakankan - Movies / TV / 720p
- IYF - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- gimytw - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Dub
- KokoTV - Drama / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- nunuju - Drama / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- duanjuhk - Short Drama / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Duboku - TV / Cartoons / Sub / 1080p
- CC動漫 - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AGE Animation - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- xgcartoon - Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Sakura Animation - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Anime1 - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- dmd77 - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Myself-BBS - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- dmd77 - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- dm530w - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- 74xz - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AGE Anime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- bimiacg - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- music.163 - Music
- 5nd - Music
- MissEvan - Music / Podcasts / Audio Comics
- Kilamanbo - Audio Comic Drama
- Huya - Live Streaming
- IPTV807 - Live TV
- 數學老師張旭 - Math Lessons
- free-project-course - Programming Courses
- Baidu SkyDrive Video Player - Baidu VIP Video Player
- acfun.cn - Video Streaming / YouTube Alt
▷ Reading / 阅读
- ⭐ 69xinshu - Fiction
- Jiumo - Book Search Engine
- BooksThatMakeYouThink - Nonfiction
- AutumnWindBookstore - Fiction
- ixdzs - Fiction
- 99csw.com - Fiction / Non-fiction
- nunubook.com - Fiction / Non-fiction
- hallowlib - Fiction / Non-fiction
- haodoo - Fiction
- 24hbook - Fiction / Non-fiction / Telegram
- lingjingxingzhe - Fiction
- guoxuedashi.net - Fiction / Non-fiction
- 5165.org - Fiction / Nonfiction
- zhonghuadiancang - Classic Books
- 52shuku - Books / Light-Novels
- ttkan - Books / Light-Novels
- Piaotian - Books / Light-Novels
- 369book - Light-Novels
- qqszz - Books / Light-Novels / Sign-Up Required
- yodu - Books / Light-Novels
- beqege - Light-Novels
- jpxs123.cc - Light-Novels / Use Adblock
- kanunu8 - Light-Novels
- hetushu - Light-Novels
- Zongheng - Light-Novels
- Bixiange - Light-Novels
- qinkan - Light-Novels
- ffxs8 - Light-Novels
- powanjuan - Light-Novels
- Baozimh - Webtoons
- AC.QQ - Manga
- BiliBili - Manga
- DM5, 2 - Manga / Manhua
- godamanga.site - Manga
- xmanhua.com - Manga / Some NSFW
- comicabc.com - Manga
- tvbsmh - Manga
- manhuagui - Manga
- colamanga - Manga
- rumanhua - Manga
- mkzhan - Manga
- manhuapi - Manga
- sdqirong - Manga
- 36mh - Manga
- komiic - Manga
- happymh.com - Manga
- manben - Manga
- manhuazhan - Manga
- rumanhua - Manga
- godamh - Manga
- fengchemh - Manga
- yibenmanhua - Manga
- dongmanmanhua - Manga
- 2animx - Manga
- DMZJ - Manga
- cartoonmad - Manga
- baozimh - Manhua
- acgn.cc - Manga
- Mangabz - Manga
- Baozimh - Manga / Manhua / Manhwa
- Doujin Fiction Network or Readfine / Discussion - FanFiction
- shuge - Rare / Ancient Books
- CText, ChineseNotes - Chinese Historic Text Archive
- guoxue - History / Journals
- NG Tech - Documents
- ebooks, Chinese Programming Books or awesome-wiki-books, Banshujiang - Programming Books
- kangxizidian - Chinese Kangxi Dictionary
- Shufazidian - Chinese Calligraphy Dictionary
- owlook - Chinese Web Novel Search / GitHub
- CCams - Chinese Character Search
- CBeta - Chinese Buddhist Scriptures
- Open Literature - Classic Chinese Novels
- 21dzk - Chinese Buddhist Scriptures
- wenku - Baidu Wenku Downloader
- Trtag - Movies / TV Encyclopedia
► Czech / Čeština
▷ Downloading / Stahování
- War-Forum - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines / Comics / NSFW
- WarezCenter - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- WebShare - Video / Audio / Books
▷ Streaming / Streamování
- Bombuj - Movies / TV
- Sledujteto - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p
- videoserialy - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p
- svetserialu - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p
- Ceskatelevize - Movies / TV
- StarSites - Live Football / Hockey
▷ Reading / Čtení
- xTrance - Books / Download / Account Required
- PDF Books - Public Domain Books
- databazeknih - Czech Book Database
- prirucka or slovnikcestiny - Dictionaries
- WebArchive - Documents
► Filipino / Pinoy
▷ Streaming / Nanonood
- Movies Ni Pipay - Movies / TV / NSFW / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Pinoy Movies Hub - Movies / TV / NSFW / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Pinoymoviepedia - Movies / TV / NSFW / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Pinoy Albums - Music
► Finnish / Suomi
▷ Streaming / Suoratoisto
▷ Reading / Lukeminen
► French / Français
- 🌐 /r/FrancePirate Mega - Piracy Site Mega Thread / Subreddit
- SubSynchro, Sous-Titres or SubFactory - Subtitles
- Wikiwix - Wikipedia Search
- Tseret - Game Guides
- BonPatron - Spelling and Grammar Check
- GoTo10 - BBS and Minitel Archives
- DropReference - PC Building Site
- Wikiwix Archive - Web Archive Site
- nuit-blanche - Drug Detox Help
- Remonterletemps - France Geographic / Forestry Info and Maps
- Paradise lost.666 - Classic French Movies / TV / Music
- Movie to Review - Classic French Movies
- Ciné-Bis-Art - Movies
- FRDownMags - Magazines
- French EPs - Classic French Music MP3 (192)
- Abandonware France - Abandonware
- TousLesDrivers - Drivers
- Deal Labs - Track Deals
- Perspective Monde - Datasets / Statistics
- Prix Carburants - Gas Prices
- Donnons - Item Donation
▷ Downloading / Téléchargement
- WawaCity - Movies / TV / Check Telegram if Domain Changes
- MuaDib - Sci-Fi Movies
- PiratePunk - Punk Music / Radio / Concerts Dates / Forum
- Emurom - Retro ROMs
- Abandonware Magazines - Retro Computer / Games Magazines
- Abandonware Videos - Retro Game Related Videos
▷ Torrenting
- YGGTorrent - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books
- Torrent9, 2 - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books
- Cpasbien - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books
- Sharewood - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ VF-Stream - Movies / TV / Anime
- ⭐ RgShows - Movies / TV / Anime / 4K / API / Guide / Discord
- ⭐ Movix, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / Discord
- ⭐ Frembed - Movies / TV / Anime / API
- Deksov - Movies / TV / Anime
- Darkiworld - Movies / TV / Anime
- cinepulse - Movies / TV / Anime
- coflix - Movies / TV / Anime
- Sadisflix, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 1080p / Use Adblocker / Mirrors / Telegram
- Wiflix - Movies / Series / Anime / Dub / Telegram
- Kordoz - Movies / TV / Anime
- TF1 - Movies / TV / Anime / Live TV
- mymovix - Movies
- Cinémathèque de Bretagne - Classic / Amateur Movies
- ICI Tou.tv - Canada Public Broadcaster / Movies / TV / Docs / Cartoons / Requires Account
- Télé-Québec - Québec Public Broadcaster / Movies / TV / Docs / Requires Account
- TV5Unis - Multiple Broadcasters / Movies / TV / Docs / No Account Required
- TFO - Ontario French Public Broadcaster / Movies / TV / Docs / Anime / No Account Required
- FRAnime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- FRAnime.to - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- toonanime - Anime / Sub / Dub
- VoirAnime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- vostfree - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- animesultra - Anime / Sub / Dub
- French Anime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Streaming-integrale - Anime Sub / Dub / 1080p
- vostanime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- animeko - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- animesz - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- anime-sama - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AWTWA - Anime / Dub / 1080p / Discord
- WITV - Live TV / Sports
- LeFoot - Live Sports
- oohquelbut - Live Sports
- JokerTV - Live Football
- remontadatv, 2 - Live Football
- Doc4U - Documentaries
- CatoonHub - Cartoons / Dub / 720p / Discord
- Lesics - Sabins Civil Engineering
- Grafikart - Programming Courses
- programmes-radio - French Radio Schedule / Streaming
▷ Reading / Lecture
- Bookys - Books / Comics / Magazines / Newspapers / NSFW
- zone-ebook.com - Books / Comics / Magazines / Newspapers / Audiobooks
- Nos Livres - Public Domain Books
- PDF Prof - Educational Books
- Audiocite - Audiobooks
- nooSFere - Science Fiction
- Origines - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua / NSFW / Discord
- mangadraft - Manga / Comics / Webtoons / Light-Novels
- Planete-BD - Manga / Comics
- SushiScans - Manga
- Theses.fr - Theses
- oraedes - Occult / Esoteric
► German / Deutsch
- 🌐 Awesome German Piracy - German / Piracy Site Index
- ⭐ Tarnkappe - Piracy Discussion / Telegram
- RR.Topliste - Piracy Site List
- xrel - Scene Release / P2P Tracker
- Boerse - German Data Sharing Discussion Forum
- animexx - German Anime Community
- WiiDatabase - Nintendo Homebrew
- F-Online - Austrian Driving License Learning App
▷ Downloading / Herunterladen
- Usenet DE Guide - German Usenet Guide / Discord
- Radar / Sonarr DE Guide
- Crawli - Download Search
- DarkLight - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / Magazines / NSFW
- Goldesel - Video / Audio / NSFW
- Boerse - Video / Audio / NSFW
- byte.to - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- ngb - Video / Audio / Books
- Nima4k - Video / Audio
- FilmFans - Video
- hd-source or DDL-Warez - Video / NSFW
- MLCBoard - Movies
- Data Load - Movies / Sign-Up Required
- Anime-Loads - Anime
- CannaPower - Audio
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ Megakino - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- ⭐ Moflix - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- ⭐ Kinoger - Movies / TV / 1080p
- ⭐ S.TO, 2 - TV / Anime / Dub / 720p
- ⭐ FilmPalast - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- Cineby - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Auto-Next / Discord (unofficial)
- Kinoking - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Kinos - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- Cine - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- Movie4k - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- HDFilme - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 720p
- StreamCloud - Movies / TV / 720p
- xCine - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- Kinokiste - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- streamkiste.taxi - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- FSHD - Movies / TV / Dub
- Einschalten - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- Haschcon - Movies / 720p
- Burning Series - TV / Dub / 720p
- Anime-Loads - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Aniworld - Anime / Sub / Dub / 720p
- dokustreams or dctp.tv - Documentaries
- Stiftung imai - Video Archive
- Edels Gute Stube - Live TV / Sports / Movies / TV / Documentaries / Dub / 720p
- Bundesliga Streams - Sports
- LiveTV - Sports
- SRF.CH - Live TV / Sports / Swiss VPN Required
- 2ix2 - Live TV
- tvpinto - Live TV
- dtvd - Live TV
- Studyflix - Courses
- mediathekviewweb - IPTV
- hoerspielprojekt - Radio
▷ Reading / Lesen
- Dokumen - Books
- EBook Land - Books / Magazines
- DownMagaz - Magazines / NSFW
- MyComics - Comics
- Kanjiku - Manga
- Hoerbuch - Audiobooks
- Projekt Gutenberg. - Classic German Books
- Sagen - European Ethnology / Folklore
► Georgian / ქართული ენა
▷ Downloading
- Warez.Ge - Video / Audio
▷ Streaming
- AsianDrama - Drama / Sub / 1080p
- AnimeTV - Anime / Dub / 720p
► Greek / Ελληνικά
▷ Streaming
- Greek-Movies - Movies / TV / Live / Courses / Dub / 720p
- xrysoi, 2 - Movies / TV
- filmatic - Movies / TV
- gamatotv - Movies / TV
- movio - Movies / TV
- greek-flix - Movies / TV
- tainiesonline - Movies / TV
- tainio-mania, 2, 3, 4 - Movies / TV
- gamatomovies - Movies / TV
- eltube - Movies
- ertflix - Movies / TV
- An1me - Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Discord
- GRecoTM Builds - Kodi Builds / Guide / Discord
- GreekTV - IPTV
- NetNix - Live TV
- stokourbeti - Live Sports
- GreekSport - Live Sports
- Foothubhd - Live Football / Discord
- Live24 or e-Radio - Radio
- Subs4series, xsubs, greeksubs or subs4free - Greek Subtitles
▷ Torrenting
- AnimEclipse - Anime Torrents / Discord
► Hebrew / עברית
- AB-Maps - Map Tool
- WizdomSubs or Ktuvit - Subtitles
- TranslationsMovieHEB - Request Subtitle Translations
▷ Streaming / הזרמה
- JFC - Israel Movie Archive
- Animeil-TV - Anime
- GURUTV - Live TV
- israelTV - Live TV
- zradio - Radio Stations
▷ Downloading / הורדה
- AnimeBlood - Anime / Download / Sub
- ultsub - Anime / Sub / Discord / Telegram
► Hungarian / Magyar
- TorrentEmpire - Torrent Discussion
- Turistautak - Hungarian Maps
▷ Streaming
- moviedrive - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- OnlineFilmekIngyen - Movies / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- filmezz - Movies / TV / Dub / 720p
- filmezek - Movies
- mozicsillag - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- animedrive - Anime / Discord
► Indian Languages
- Indic-Keyboard - Indian Android Keyboard
- Bhashini - Live Translation App / Text and Speech
- PCPriceTracker - PC Component Price Tracking
- Jagraan Josh - Indian Education / Exam News
▷ Downloading
- ⭐ VegaMovies - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / 4K / Telegram
- ⭐ UHDMovies - Movies / 4K
- ⭐ MkvCinemas - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- ⭐ OlaMovies - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Use Adblocker / Telegram
- ⭐ MoviesMod - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram / Bypass
- ⭐ ToonWorld4All - Anime / Cartoon / Geoblocked
- ⭐ SD Toons - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p
- ⭐ AToZ Cartoonist - Cartoons / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Link Bypasser / Discord
- ⭐ ToonsHub - Anime / Dub / 1080p / Telegram / Discord
- ⭐ Free Lossless Desi Music - Music / FLAC
- ⭐ TamilBlasters - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Langauges
- ⭐ TamilMV - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Langauges
- OOMoye - Movies / TV / Anime / Some NSFW
- Bollyflix - Movies / TV / Anime
- Mallumv - Movies / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- SSR Movies - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- MkvMoviesPoint - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- MKV Mad - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- KatMovieHD - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- PrivateMovieZ - Movies / TV / 1080p
- Cinevood - Movies / TV / 1080p
- ProtonMovies - Movies / TV
- Fojik - Movies
- Moviesup - Movies / TV / 1080p
- MoviesFD - Movies / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Paidnaija - Movies / Sub / 720p / Telegram
- mkvAnime - Movies / Shows / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- HDHub4u - Movies / TV / 1080p / Telegram
- MKVHub - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- FilmyMeet - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- MoviesNation, 2 - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- DesireMovies - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- UncutHD - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- 9xflix - Movies / TV / NSFW / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Fibwatch - Movies / TV
- KatDrama - Korean Drama
- AnimeAcademy - Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- PikaHD - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Anilot.in - Anime / 1080p / Telegram
- Toonsouthindia - Anime / Cartoon / 1080p / Telegram
- Toonhub4u - Anime / Cartoon / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- New Hindi Animes - Anime Telegram Chat
- Indian Flac Songs - Music / FLAC
- Malayalam Film Songs - Audio
- Hindi Courses
▷ Torrenting
- ⭐ TamilBlasters - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Languages
- ⭐ TamilMV - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Languages
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ StreamBlasters - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 720p / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Languages (Use basic Ublock Origin Lite Ad filter)
- ⭐ Cineby - Hindi-Dub Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Auto-Next / Discord (unofficial)
- ⭐ HydraHD - Movies / TV / Anime / Auto-Next / Status
- ⭐ RgShows - Movies / TV / Anime / 4K / API / Guide / Discord
- ⭐ ToonStream - Cartoons / Anime / 1080p / Telegram
- ⭐ AniSAGA - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- ⭐ FireFlix, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime
- ⭐ MultiMovies - Movies / TV / .guru Always Redirects to Main
- ⭐ Anime World India - Anime
- TamilMV - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K / Anime / Indian Languages
- Einthusan - Movies / 1080p
- ToonBaba - Anime
- 9xmovies - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- Desi Serials, 2 - South Asian Movies / TV / Live / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- TamilCrow - Tamil Movies / TV / Dub / 720p / 1080p
- TamilGun - Tamil Movies / TV / Dub / 720p / 1080p
- TamilDhool - Tamil TV Shows / TV Serials / 720p / 1080p
- HindiMoviesTV - Movies / Dub / 1080p
- MiniTV - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- HindiMovie - Movies / Dub / 1080p
- WatchoFree - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- Moviefuze - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- HDMovie1 - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- moviesflix - Movies / Dub / 1080p
- jattfilms - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- flixsix - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- Movi - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- aFimlyWap - Movies / TV / 480p / Telegram
- Cloudy - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Sub / Dub / 720p / Telegram
- MovieHDPlus - South Asian Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- HindiPix - Movies / TV / Dub / 720pp
- IndianCine - Indian Short / Classic Movies
- mxplayer - Movies
- DistroTV - Live TV
- Indian IPTV App - IPTV Android App
- kukufm.com - Podcasts / Radio / Audiobooks
- OnlineFMRadio - Radio
- hungama - Music
- jiosaavn or Hayasaka - Music / API
- PhysicsWallah - Physics Lessons / YouTube
- GateSmashers - Gate Preparation / Educational
▷ Reading
- SuccessCDs - CBSE Study Guides
- Digital Library of India - Books
- NDLI - Educational Resources / Documents
- Sanskrit Documents or gitasupersite - Esoteric Texts
► Indonesian / Bahasa Indonesia
▷ Downloading / Mengunduh
- ⭐ Lendrive - Movies / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / x265
- sontolfilm - Movies / TV / Anime
- ngefilm21 - Movies / TV / Anime / Use "Mirror"
- Kusonime - Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Discord
- AniBatch, 2 - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Samehadaku - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Telegram
- Doronime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- IndonesiaEbook - Books
- madrotter-treasure-hunt - Music
▷ Streaming / Menyiarkan
- ⭐ OtakuDesu - Anime / Sub / 720p
- ⭐ sontolfilm - Movies / TV / Anime
- ngefilm21 - Movies / TV / Anime
- MyNimeku - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- anoBoy - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Samehadaku - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Telegram
- Best Release - Anime Release Info
- Irama Nusantara - Music / Downloader
▷ Reading / Membaca
- ManhwaIndo - Manga
- Komiku - Manga
- Komikcast - Manga
- maid.my - Manga
- BacaLightNovel - Light Novels
- Sakuranovel - Light Novels
- langka or catatannusantara - History Books
► Italian / Italiano
- 🌐 The Italian Corsairs - Piracy Sites List
▷ Downloading / Scaricare
- eurekaddl - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines / Newspapers / Comics / NSFW / Sub / 1080p
- OverDay - Courses / Books
- HD4Me - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- StreamingCommunity - Movie / TV / Download Script
- XDCC Mule - IRC Download Search
▷ Torrenting
- MIRCrew - Movies / TV / Anime
- ICV Crew - Torrent Forum
- TNT Village - Torrent Aggregator
▷ Streaming
- StreamingCommunity - Movies / TV
- Altadefinizione - Movies / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- CasaCinema - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- filmsenzalimiti - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / 4K
- RaiPlay - Movies / TV / Dub
- Mediaset Infinity - Movies / TV
- CB01 - Movies / TV
- toonitalia - TV / Anime
- AnimeUnity - Anime
- Arcoiris TV - Italian TV / 720p
- Kodi On Demand - Streaming Kodi Addon
- AnimeWorld - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Ovovideo - Video Encyclopedia
- Raiplay Sound - Podcasts / Radio
▷ Reading / Leggere
- LiberLiber - Books
- hastateam - Manga
- Slumberland - Comic Encyclopedia
- efpfanfic - Fanfiction
► Japanese / 日本語
- MiniTokyo3D - Tokyo Public Transport Map
- Poipiku - User-Made Images
- Marshmallow - Send / Receive Positive Messages
- Annict - Anime Tracker
- Japanese Subtitles - Subtitles
- Japan Reference - Japanese Culture Forum
- fuseji - Hidden Character Search
- goo or Yahoo Japan - Search
- megalodon or gyo.tc - JP Web Archive Tool
▷ Downloading / ダウンロード
- ⭐ TheMoeWay - Japanese Media / Discord
- Akiba-Online - Video / Audio / Comics / NSFW / 1080p
- Asia Media Blog - Video / Audio / Magazines / NSFW / 1080p
- jpddl - Manga / Raw Anime / Music / Drama / 1080p
- Sukidesuost - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- JPop Singles - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- Doujin Cafe (Discord) - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- DoujinStyle - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- J-pop Music Download - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- Perfect Dark - P2P App
▷ Torrenting / トレント
- Bangumi - Anime
▷ Streaming / ストリーミング
- sudatchi - Anime
- NicoVideo - Japanese YouTube Alternative
- JP-Films - Classic Japanese Movies / TV / 1080p
- Japanese Animated Film Classics - Japanese Animation Archive
- Abema - Live TV
- AQ Stream - Live TV / Discord
- Lesics - Sabins Civil Engineering
- National Film Archive of Japan - Japanese Movie Archive
- kuukunen - Music
- SimulRadio - Radio
- Kagakueizo - Science Documentaries
- Twitcasting - Live Streaming
▷ Reading / 読書
- 🌐 Rawmangaz - List of Raw Manga Sites
- senmanga - Manga / Novels / NSFW
- DLRaw, 2, 3 - Manga
- Raw-Zip - Manga
- MangaZone - Manga
- RawCans - Manga
- BSZip - Manga
- DLZip - Manga
- MangaBox - Manga
- Mangaz - Manga
- shinmoemanga - Manga
- Comic Walker - Manga
- Rawkuma - Manga
- KL - Manga
- A-zmanga - Manga
- FireManga - Manga
- AsianMediaBlog Manga - Manga
- Comic77.com - Manga
- MangaSuika - Manga
- Comics888 - Manga
- KLManga - Manga
- LManga - Manga
- jmanga, 2 - Manga
- mangaraw - Manga
- raw1001 - Manga
- mangakoma01 - Manga
- mangakoma - Manga
- syosetu - Manga
- rawfree - Manga
- spoilerplus - Manga
- mangajikan - Manga
- boroboro - Manga
- tonarinoyj - Manga
- Honto - Manga / NSFW
- CMOA - Manga
- youngaceup - Manga
- welovemanga - Manga
- manga1000 - Manga
- shobonnexus - Novels / Magazines
► Korean / 한국어
- ⭐ wrtn - GPT-4 Chatbot / Android / iOS / No Sign-Up
- Arca - Forum
- dic.daum - Korean Translator / Spellchecker
- TadakTadak - Korean Practice / English Learning
- EBS - Korean Courses for the Visually / Hearing Impaired
- Awesome Cafe - Korean Cafe List
- Sldict - Sign Language Learning
- NAVER - Search
- Free Korean Fonts - Korean Fonts
- Etoland - Bulletin Board
▷ Downloading
- CinEast - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- J-pop Music Download - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- KPopExplorer - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- ilKPOP - Music / MP3
▷ Torrenting
- TorrentHaja - Video / Audio / Books
▷ Streaming
- OnDemandKorean - Korean Movies / TV / 720p
- AQ Stream - Live TV / Discord
- Chzzk - Live Streams
- Lesics - Sabins Civil Engineering
▷ Reading
- kakao - Manga
- MangaViewAndroid - Manga
- Namu Wiki - Korean Wiki
► Malay / Bahasa Melayu
- Lowyat - Tech Forum
► Norwegian / Norsk
▷ Streaming
- NRK TV - Norwegian Movies / TV / Documentaries / Sub / 1080p
▷ Reading
- Nasjonalbiblioteket - Books / Journals / Magazines / Maps / Music Sheets
► Persian / فارسی
- 🌐 Awesome Freedom - Tools Index
- 🌐 Awesome AI channels - AI Telegram Channels / Groups Index
- 🌐 Free VPN Telegram Channels - Free VPNs Index
- PersianBlocker - Persian Adblock Filters + Guides
- Wudooh - Make Persian Text Clearer
- Targoman - Translator / GitHub
- cscot - V2Ray GeoIP Guide
- IranFirewall - Iranian Firewall Block Test
- Persian Calendar - Android Persian Calendar
- parseek - Search
▷ Downloading / دانلود
- 🌐 Persian Telegram Courses - Persian Courses Index
- git_ir - Programming Courses
- soft98 - Courses / Software / Games / Anti-Adblock Fix
- Old Persian Games - Iranian Games
- Download.ir - Video / Software / ROMs / Books
- DigiMovie - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- iranianfilmarch - Iranian Movies / 1080p
- AnimeSubtitle - Anime Subtitles
- FLACColdSong - Music / FLAC
- MusicGeek - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- SongSara - Music / MP3 / FLAC
- pop-music - Music / MP3
- MusicDagh - Music / MP3
- Musico - Music / MP3
- GolsarMusic - Music / MP3
- Download1Music - Music / MP3
- Music-fa - Music / MP3
- UpMusics - Music / MP3
- SevilMusic - Music / MP3
- mytehranmusic - Music / MP3
- Just Music - Classical Music / MP3
- Pixinema - Soundtracks
- farsroid - APKs
- TeleLeecherbot - Movie Leech Telegram Bots
- FilmgramBot or FileMovieBot - Movie Search Telegram Bots
- hoseinwave - Javen Radio Downloader
▷ Streaming / پخش
- FarsiLand - Persian Movies / TV / 1080p
- RadioVatani - Persian Movies / TV / Live / 1080p
- Nostalgik - Persian Movies / TV / Cartoons / 720p
- naabmovie - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- imvbox - Movies / TV / Sub
- PersianHive - TV
- Anten.ir - Live TV / Sports
- Sepehr - Live TV
- ParsaTV - Live TV
- MusicGeek - Music
- VMusic - Music
- mytehranmusic - Music
- Awesome Persian Podcasts - Podcasts
▷ Reading / خواندن
- parsbook.com - Educational / Programming / Engineering
- Afghanistandl - Historical Books
- TakBook - Books
► Polish / Polski
- Napisy24, GrupaHatak or KickAssSubtitles - Subtitles
- Tekstowo - Lyrics
- JakDojade - Public Transport Map
- AnimeSub.info - Anime Subtitles
▷ Downloading / Pobieranie
- ⭐ Grupa Mirai - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Discord
- DarkSiders - Video / Audio
- animezone - Anime / Sub / 720p
- Polish Abandonware - Abandonware / Discord
▷ Torrenting / Torrentowanie
- polskie-torrenty - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- devil-torrents - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- Electro Torrent - Video / Audio / Books
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ OgladajAnime - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Discord
- ⭐ Grupa Mirai - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Discord
- Strims - Live Sports
- FilmPolski - Polish Video Archive
- Virpe - Movies / TV
- Zerion - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Dub / 720p
- Zaluknij - Movies / TV
- Filser - Movies / TV / Cartoons / Dub / 720p
- Bajeczki24 - Movies / TV
- Obejrzyj - Movies / TV
- Ekino-TV - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- iiTV - TV / Cartoons / Dub / 720p
- KreskówkaSubs - Cartoons / Sub / Dub
- Filman - Movies / TV
- docchi - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- animedesu - Anime
- FrixySubs - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Fumetsu - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- animeni - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Nana Subs - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Anime Odcinki - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Desu-Online - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Shinden - Anime / Sub / 1080p / Discord
- Sport TVP - Live Sports
- dokumentalne - Documentaries
- Naikamu - Anime Streaming / Android
▷ Reading / Czytanie
- wolnelektury - Books / Fiction / Audiobooks
- Audiobook PL - Audiobooks
- Academica - Online Library
- doci PL - Books
- Docer PL - Books
► Portuguese / Português
- 🌐 PiracyBG-PTBR - Beginners Guide to Piracy
- 🌐 Pirataria Megathread, 2 - Portuguese /r/Piracy Mega / Subreddit
- 🌐 Invertexto - Online Tools Index
- SAPO - Search
- Legendas Brasil - Subtitle Search App
- Legendei.TV, Legendas.net or Legenda Oficial - Subtitles
- Educa Mais Brasil - ENEM Study Material
- Flutterando - Flutter Guides
- Escola Kids - Kids Learning
- Atari2600 - Browser Emulator
- Racha Cuca - Puzzles / Trivia
- Jogorama - Game Index / Tips
- Dicionário MPB - Top Song Charts
▷ Downloading / Baixar
- ⭐ WR Educacional - Courses
- ⭐ Curso_vip - Courses / Books
- Rei dos Torrents - Video / Audio / Books / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Os Reformados - Video / Audio / Magazines / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Online Cursos Gratuitos - Courses
- Escola Educação - Courses
- Mundo Ubuntu - Courses / Tech Guides
▷ Torrenting
- Rei dos Torrents - Video / Audio / Books
- Download Cult - Classic Movies
- Dark Animes - Anime
- Anime No Sekai - Anime WebIRC Tracker
- Sua Música - Audio / MP3
- Livros e Cursos Download - Courses
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ Cineby - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Auto-Next / Discord (unofficial)
- ⭐ Gyn Cursos, Curso em Vídeo, iEstudar Cursos or Pensar Cursos - Courses
- Redecanais - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 1080p
- WarezCDN - API for Movies / TV / Anime
- Vizer - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- GoFilmes - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- tugaflix - Movies / TV / Sub / 1080p
- megafilmeshd50 - Movies / TV
- Filmes Online HD - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- 99 - Documentaries / Sub / 1080p
- Libreflix - Portuguese TV / Documentaries / 720p
- AnimeFire - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- anroll - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- NewZect - Asian Drama / Sub / 720p
- NetMovies - Movies / TV / Requires Login
- Bombozila - Movies / TV / Requires Login
- Olhos na TV - Live TV / Sports
- Assistir TV Online Grátis - Live TV / Sports
- Mega Canais - Live TV / Sports
- CXTv - Live TV
- TV Gazeta - Live TV
- TV Cultura - Live TV
- pirilampo - Live TV
- Futebol Agora - Live Sports
- IPTV Brasil - IPTV Player
- Kultivi - Courses
- Prime Cursos - Courses
- UNIASSELVI - Courses
- Canal do Ensino - Courses
- Omie - Courses
- MOOC GGTE - Courses
- Download de Livros Grátis - Courses
- Núcleo do Conhecimento - Courses
- Escola Virtual Gov - Courses
- eaulas - Courses
- Veduca - Courses
- Moodle - MOOC Courses
- Marcos Aba - Math Courses
- Lesics - Sabins Civil Engineering
- DIO - Development Courses
- Palco MP3 - Music / MP3
- Harpa Cristã, 2 - Christian Music / MP3
- Rádio J-Hero - Radio
- Radios.com.br - Radio
- Radiosaovivo.net - Radio
- radio.net - Radio
- tudoradio.com - Radio
- Super Rádio Tupi - Radio
- A Rádio Rock - Radio
- Vagalume FM - Radio
- Hunter.FM - Radio
- M80 Rádio - Radio
- TSF - Radio
- MEGA HITS - Radio
- Radio.pt - Radio
- Rádios7 - Radio
- Antena 1 - Radio
- CXRadio - Radio
- Flow Podcast - Political Podcast
- cinematório - Movie Podcasts
- RapaduraCast - Movie Podcasts
- Omelete Originals - Podcasts
- Papo de Gordo - Podcasts
- Kboing FM - Podcasts
- Tastemade - Recipe Videos
▷ Reading / Leitura
- Bússola Escolar - Educational Search Engine
- Livros Narrados - Audiobooks
- Tudo de Bom em Audiolivros - Audiobooks
- Biblioteca Brasiliana - Books
- Baixe Livros - Books
- eBooksBrasil - Books
- Online Cursos Gatuitos - Books
- Elivros - Books
- Dlivros - Books
- Doceru - Books
- Cultura Acadêmica - Educational Books
- Toomics - Comics
- Arte HQs - Comics
- Tropa BR - Comics
- Banda Desenhada - Comics
- Novel Mania - Light Novels
- HunterComics - Manga
- Central Novel - Light Novels
- Tsundoku Traduções - Light Novels
- fanfiction.com - Fanfiction
- Revista PROGRAMAR - Programming Magazine
- D&D 5e BR - Dungeons and Dragons Guides
- Escritas.org - Poetry / Quotes
- Luso-Poemas - Poetry
- Poesias Online - Poetry
- Site de Poesias - Poetry
- A Magia da Poesia - Poetry
- bibliotecaelfica - RPG Books
- Superarquivo - Magazines
- Jornais e Revistas - Magazines
- VerCapas - Magazines
- Revista do Linux - Linux Magazine
- Jornais Brasileiros - News App
- Microsoft Learn - Development Tutorials
- Toda Matéria - Learning Material
- Brasil Escola - Learning Material
- Mundo Educação - Math / History
- Acessaber - Math Lessons
- BORE - Historical Documents
- Recanto das Letras - Text Archive
- RetroArquivo - Portuguese Game Magazines
- Arquivo.pt - History / Sociology / Linguistics Archives
- Desciclopédia - Wikipedia Parody
► Romanian / Limba Română
▷ Downloading
- FilmeSerialHD.Biz - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 720p
- xCinema.ro - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- FilmePeAlese - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- Filmeonline - TV / 720p
▷ Streaming
- Namaste Serials - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- Deseneledublate - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- portalultautv - Movies / TV / Sub
- fsonline - Movies / TV / Sub
- xfilme - Movies
- filmflix - Movies
- Meoo.ro - Movies
- vezihd - Movies
- VeziSeriale - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 720p
- ClickSub - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- VoxFilmeOnline - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- luminsangelsseriale - Movies / TV
- FilmeHD - Movies
- DozaAnimată - Anime / Cartoons / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Cool TV Online - Live TV / Sports
- Subs.ro, Subtitrari or Titrari - Subtitles
▷ Reading
- lib2life - Historical Documents
► Russian / Русский
- ⭐ РосКомСвобода / roskomsvoboda / rks_org_Bot or protocol_vpn - Censorship Discussion Telegrams
- Ru.Board - Piracy Discussion Forum
- Hi!Load VPN - Free Shadowsocks TG / 30GB per month / No Torrenting / Support
- rublacklist - Blocked Sites List
- DXP - Subtitles Tracker
- Proxy-Checker - Proxy Checker
- RKN Dump Check - Censorship Check
- Mail.ru or r0.ru - Search Engines
- Kribrum - Social Media Search Engine
- tgstat - Telegram Channel Stats
- EDA - Recipes
- Songs Pro - Lyrics
- WASM - Web Assembly Forum
- Ok.ru, VK, MyMail, TenChat or RUTube - Russian Social Networks
- GitFlic - GitHub Alternative
- ScreenChat - Create Fake Texts
- RG.RU - News / Telegram
- Kremlin News - Government News
- Ovd-info - Protestor Prosecution News / Telegram
- government_rus - Official Government Telegram
- zakupki_time - Government Procurement Watch
- Што за шрифт? - Fonts
- 3DArchive - 3D Models
- World Art - Movie / Anime / Game Reviews and Art Display
- Cute Chan - K-Pop Imageboard
▷ Downloading / Скачивание
- ⭐ 4PDA - Android / iOS / App / Captcha Note, 2
- Androeed, 2 - Android
- CWER, 2 - Video / Audio / Games / Books
- 2BakSa - Video / Audio / Books
- Allmults - Cartoons / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- tancpol - Music / MP3
- z3.fm - Music / MP3
- MetalArea or MDCORE - Metal / MP3
- MDROCK - Rock / MP3
- KinoSoundtrack - Soundtracks / MP3
- Course Hunter or Sliwbl - Programming Courses
▷ Torrenting / Торрентинг
- 🌐 toptracker - Torrent Site List
- 🌐 UpTracker - Torrent Tracker Index
- ⭐ RuTracker, 2 - Video / Audio / Comics / Magazines / VPN Required / Wiki / Rules
- ⭐ m0nkrus / 2 - Adobe Software Archive / Block Adobe / Search / Telegram
- krasfs or torrent.by - Torrent Search
- rutor - Video / Audio / Books / ROMs / Magazines
- PiratBit, 2 - Video / Audio / Books / Comics / Magazines / NSFW
- Riper.AM - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines / NSFW
- rustorka - Video / Audio / Books / ROMs / Games / Magazines
- Korsars - Video / Audio / Books
- UnionDHT - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- SeedOff - Video / Audio / Books
- DDGroupClub - Video / Audio / Books / ROMs
- Utor.pp - Video / Audio / Books / ROMs
- Spaider - Video / Audio / ROMs
- NNM-Club - Video / Audio
- androidkino - Movies / TV
- RIPS - Movies / TV / Concerts
- Fast torrent - Movies / TV / Anime
- BigFanGroup - Movies / TV / Anime
- Animelayer - Anime
- Shikimori - Anime Tracker
- kinozal - Movies
- bitru - Movies
- Selezen - Movies
- RGFootball - Sports
▷ Streaming / Стриминг
- ⭐ rezka, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 4K / 1080p
- ⭐ myfootball - Live Football
- HD VideoBox - Movies / TV / Anime / Aggregator / AMOLED
- KinoBase - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- kinokong - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- EX-FS - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Zona Plus - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub
- IVI - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub
- KinoFlux - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- KinoKrad - Movies / TV / Dub / 1080p
- baskino - Movies / Dub / 1080p
- DostFilms - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 1080p
- gidonline - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- reyohoho - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- zetflix - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- kinogoo - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- filmix - Movies / TV / Anime / 720p
- Kinotochka - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub / 720p
- filmozavr - Movies / TV / Anime / Dub
- seasonvar - TV / Dub / 720p
- DarkLibria - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- gidanime - Anime / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- animang - Anime / Dub / 1080p
- Shiza Project - Anime / Dub / 720p
- AniFilm - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AniLibria - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Animebuff - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Animestars - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- Anidub - Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram / Discord
- SovietRomantica - Anime / Dub / 1080p / Telegram / Discord
- Tunime - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AniLabX - Android Anime / Cartoons / Drama App
- RUkino - Russian Movies / TV / 1080p
- CCCP Film - Soviet Movies / TV
- Soviet Movies Online - Soviet Movies / Sub
- VseDoramy - Asian Drama / Dub / 720p
- MovieCorn - Torrent Streaming
- Dokonlin - Documentaries / Dub / 1080p
- mult-fan - Cartoons
- animatsiya - Russian Animation Archive
- TurkishTV, KinoTurk or TurkRu.TV - Turkish TV w/ Russian Subs
- TVRF - Live TV
- Viks - Live TV
- Telik - Live TV
- ontivi - Live TV
- Glaz.tv - Live TV
- DomaTV - Live TV
- finttv - Live Sports
- Tancpol - Music
- z3.fm - Music
- E:\music\ - Music
- mp3-gorilla - Music
- MDCORE - Metal
- Russian Records - Russian Record Recordings
- Top Radio - Radio
- recradio - Radio
- OpenEDU - Courses
- Teach.in - Lectures
- videotuts - Design Video Tutorials
▷ Reading / Чтение
- ⭐ CyberLeninka - Articles / Educational / Scientific / Legal
- ⭐ Lib.ru - Books
- ⭐ Flibusta / .i2p, 2 / .onion - Books
- Knowledge Base, 2, 3 - Educational Recommendations
- VK Book DL Pages
- Twirpx - Books / Educational
- studmed - Books / Educational
- alleng - Textbooks
- rusneb - Books
- obuchalka.org - Books / Homework Solutions
- Filibusta - Books
- coollib - Books
- libking - Books
- Maxima Library - Books
- rulit - Books
- bookscafe - Books / NSFW
- bookscafe - Books
- Litgu.ru - Books
- Bookree - Books
- MirKnig.sur - Books / Fiction / Nonfiction
- saitknigi - Books / Audiobooks
- Litgu.ru - Books / Audiobooks
- Fantasy Worlds - Books / Audiobooks
- booktracker - Books / Audiobooks / Comics / Magazines / NSFW
- AniLabX - Manga / Comics / Light Novels
- mangalib.me - Manga
- Com-X Life - Manga
- MangaPoisk - Manga
- manga-chan - Manga
- Manga Club - Manga
- Manga Hub - Manga
- mmnt - Document Search
- Samlib - Document Search
- militera - Military History
- Arzamas - Cultural History
- geokniga - Geology Documents
- Playing Soviet - Children's Books
- Baza Knig, Flibusta_Anglysky, Аkniga, Bibl, Knizhkin or Bibl.us - Audiobooks
- Science Lab - Sci-Fi Book Discussion
► Slovak / Slovenčina
▷ Streaming
- jOj Archive - Movies / TV
- Markiza - Movies / TV
- rtvs - TV
- Bombuj - Movies / TV
- MojeVideo - User Videos
► Spanish / Español
- 🌐 Awesome Telegram Redcarpet, 2 - Telegram Channel Index
- Minijuegos - Browser Games
- EmojiTool - Emoji Database
- AIfindy - AI Tools Index
- Diccionario RAE en un clic - Dictionary Extension
- El Museo de los 8 bits - History of Computing
- Steamcito - Converts Steam Prices to Argentine Pesos
- Universia - Spanish University Search
- SubDivX - Subtitles
▷ Downloading / Descargar
- ⭐ DescargasDD - Video / Audio / Castilian / Latino / Telegram
- ⭐ eMule - Video / Audio / Reading / NSFW / Castilian
- ⭐ Curso_vip - Courses / Books
- identi - Video / Audio / Reading / Latino / Castilian
- ExVagos - Video / Audio / Reading / Castilian
- Gun's Cave - Video / Audio / Reading / Castilian
- Flipax2 - Video / Audio / Reading / Castilian
- latabernadelcangrejo - Video / Audio
- Fiuxy2 - Video / Audio / Reading / NSFW / Bypass
- PelisEnHD - Movies / TV / Anime / 4K / Latino / Castilian
- LatinoMegaHD - Movies / TV / 1080p / 4K / Latino
- GDRIVELatinoHD, 2 - Movies / TV / 1080p / 4K / Latino
- Hackstore.rs - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Latino / Bypass
- Mega-Mkv - Movies / TV / 1080p / Latino / Castilian / Bypass
- Mega1080 - Movies / Documentaries / 1080p / Latino
- TodoPelisHD - Movies / 1080p / Latino
- MegaPeliculasRip - Movies / Classics / TV / Animation / 1080p / Latino
- SeiresHD - Movies / TV / Animation / 1080p / Latino / Bypass
- Peliculas-HD - Movies / 1080p / Latino
- mirandopeliculas - Movies / TV / Latino
- Cine24h - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Peliculas 1k - Movies / 720p
- relampagomovies - Movies / TV
- subtituladas.com - Movies / Sub / 720p
- Bajalo Gratis - Movies / Latino
- Mega DVDRip - Movies / TV / Latino / Castilian / Bypass
- Mega 1 Link - Movies / TV / Latino / Castilian / Bypass
- ProgramasVirtualesPC - Movies / TV / Latino / Bypass, 2
- Gatonplayseries - Movies / TV / Latino / Anime / Bypass
- Peliculas Google Drive - Movies / Latino / Bypass
- TodoDVDFull - Movies / Latino
- granpirata - Movies / TV / Animation / Latino / Bypass
- Peli Series HD - Movies / TV / Latino
- Mega Descargas - TV / Latino
- RetroCanal - Classical Movies / TV
- DCC - Classical Movies / TV
- DivX Clásico - Classical Movies / TV / ED2K Links
- RebeldeMule - Movies / Classics / TV / Documentaries / Reading / ED2K Links / Telegram
- exploradoresp2p - Movies / Classics / TV / Documentaries / ED2K Links
- Shadow-Rangers - Anime / Sub / Dub / Latino / Castilian
- Daemon Anime - Anime / Sub / Dub / Latino
- MandraAnime - Anime / Sub / Bypass
- Animegafirex - Anime / Sub
- CrisAnime - Anime / Sub / Dub
- TioDonghua - Anime / Sub / Light Novels
- Japan Paw! - Anime / Sub / Bypass
- Fukou-Da! - Anime / Sub / Light Novels
- animesfinalizadoLSHD - Anime / Telegram
- Cursos En Mega - Courses / Bypass
- Hello-Python or python-web - Python Courses
▷ Torrenting / Torrentear
- ⭐ DonTorrent, 2 - Movies / TV / Documentaries / Castilian / Telegram / .onion
- ⭐ MejorTorrent - Movies / TV / Documentaries / Castilian
- ⭐ Grantorrent.wtf - Movies / TV / Documentaries / Castilian
- EliteTorrent - Movies / TV
- Wolfmax4k - Movies / TV / 4K / 1080p
- Torrenflix - Movies / TV
- EsmeraldaTorrent - Movies / TV / Castilian
- CalidadTorrent - Movies / TV / Documentaries / Castilian
- PediaTorrent - Movies / TV / Documentaries / Castilian
- MoviesDVDR - Movies / Castilian
- VivaTorrents - Movies / TV / Castilian
- PasateaTorrent - Movies / TV / Castilian
- DiXvA, 2 - Movies / TV / Music / NSFW / Telegram
- Hacktorrent - Movies / TV / Anime / Latino / Bypass
- Unionfansub - Anime
- Akiba-kei - Anime
- epublibre - Books
▷ Streaming / Streamear
- ⭐ Cineby - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Auto-Next / Discord (unofficial)
- ⭐ Playdede, 2 - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Sign-Up Required / Telegram
- ⭐ HDFull - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Discord / Castilian / Latino
- ⭐ LaQuay TDT Channels - Live TV / Live Radio / IPTV / Castilian / GitHub
- yaske - Movies / TV / Telegram
- Zonaleros - Movies / TV / 1080p / Latino
- Solo Latino - Movies / TV / Anime / 1080p / Latino
- PelisPlusHD.nz - Movies / TV / Anime / Latino
- PelisxD - Movies / TV / Latino
- ModoCine - Movies / TV
- poseidonhd2 - Movies / TV
- PelisPedia - Movies / TV / Latino
- futbollibrehd / 2 - Live Sports
- la12hd - Live Sports
- Zanex - Live Sports
- streamtp2 - Live Sports
- AceStream Links - Live Sports Acestream IDs
- PelisPedia3 - Movies / TV / Anime / Latino
- Cinecalidad.gg - Movies / TV / Animation / Latino
- Cinecalidad.tel - Movies / Latino
- Cuevana2 - Movies / TV / Latino
- Cuevana3.biz - Movies / TV / Latino
- Locopelis, 2 - Movies / NSFW / Latino
- detodopeliculas - Movies / TV
- verpeliculasonline, 2 - Movies / TV
- oscar220374 - Movies / TV / Castilian
- Cuevana8 - Movies / TV
- PelisPedia.is - Movies / TV
- TuCineClasico - Movies
- Gnula.se - TV / Anime
- Gnula.nu - Movies
- Movidy.cam - Movies / TV / Anime
- CineHDPlus - Movies / TV
- PelisFlix, 2 - Movies / TV
- PelisForte - Movies / TV
- EntrePeliculasySeries - Movies / TV / Anime
- VerPeliculasUltra - Movies
- Cinedeantes - Classic Films
- novelas360 - TV / Drama
- Tlnovelas - TV / Drama
- Series Peruanas - TV / Drama
- Asialiveaction - Asian Drama
- Doramasyt - Asian Drama
- Vix - TV / LATAM Only
- AtresPlayer - Movies / TV / Live TV / Castilian
- Cine Libre Online - YouTube Movies
- LegalMentegratis - YouTube Movies
- Argentine Cinema - Argentine YouTube Movies
- Cine.Arplay - Argentinian Movies / TV
- Cinemargentino - Movies / Documentaries
- Naranjas de Hiroshima - Documentaries / Archives
- DocumaniaTV - Documentaries
- Area Documental - Documentaries
- Latanime - Anime / Sub / Dub / Latino
- JKAnime - Anime / Sub
- monoschinos - Anime / Sub
- TioAnime - Anime / Sub
- HenaoJara - Anime / Sub
- AnimeFLV.net - Anime / Sub
- mundodonghua - Anime / Sub
- estrenosanime - Anime
- animeonline - Anime / Sub
- OtakusTV - Anime / Sub
- ytanime - Anime / Sub
- AnimeID - Anime / Sub
- animeyt - Anime / Sub
- serieslan - Cartoons
- LACartoons - Cartoons
- LatinLucha - WWE / MMA Replays / Latino
- EventosHQ - WWE / MMA Replays / Latino
- Lesics - Sabins Civil Engineering
- Tangos78rpm - Classic Records
▷ Reading / Leer
- ⭐ Spanish Reading CSE / SMAGX - Multi-Site Book Search
- eBiblioteca - Books
- ePub Gratis - Books
- LectuEpub - Books
- LectuEpubGratis - Books
- Lectulandia, 2 - Books
- Ebookelo - Books
- EspaEbook - Books
- Bibliotecasecreta - Telegram Book Bot
- Elejandría - Books
- El Libro Total - Books / Audiobooks
- FreeLibros - Textbooks / Books / Audiobooks / Magazines / Courses / Documentaries
- Librotecarios - Textbooks
- Libros de la Nube - Textbooks
- albalearning - Audiobooks
- Lector TMO - Manga
- Manga en Español - Manga
- HeavenManga - Manga
- InManga - Manga
- absorbiendomangas2 - Manga
- lexmangas - Manga
- miauscan - Manga
- zonatmo - Manga
- Mangaesp - Manga
- anzmangashd - Manga
- vermanhwa - Manga
- faneo - Manga
- daprob - Manga
- Nova - Manga / Light Novels
- Izicomics - Manga / Comics
- MegaComicsTV3 - Comics
- tupropiaaventura_bot - Text Adventure / Telegram
- booksmedicos - Medical Textbooks
- Manuales de instrucciones - Manuals
- SciELO Chile - Scientific Journals
- rincondelvago - Academic Documents
► Swedish / Sverige
- Eniro - Search
▷ Streaming
- SVT Play - Movies / TV
- DreamFilmsW - Movies / TV
- Filmarkivet - Short Films
► Thai / ไทย
▷ Streaming สตรีม
- moviehdfree - Movies / TV
- 037hdmovie - Movies
▷ Reading / อ่าน
- niceoppai - Manga
- kingsmanga - Manga
- novels108 - Light Novels
► Turkish / Türkçe
- ⭐ caglaryalcin's list or TemizAramaMotorum - Get rid of low-quality Turkish results
- Teyit, DoğrulukPayı - News Verification
▷ Downloading / İndirme
- Türkçe Altyazı - Subtitles
- Playstation Haber / MCpsp - PlayStation Piracy Forums
- Turkish Audio Center, Shareses, Türkçe Ses İndir, Turkce Ses Dosyası or Turkish Sound Track - Turkish Dubs
- Sinner Clown / Discord, Hangar - Game Localizations
▷ Streaming / İzleme
- ⭐ Hdfilmcehennemi - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- ⭐ Yabancıdizi, 2 - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p / Telegram
- ⭐ FullHDFilmizlesene, 2 - Movies / Dub / Sub / 1080p
- ⭐ Dizi Film Botu - TV / Sub / Dub / Anime / 1080p / 2K / 4K / Movies / TV / Documentaries
- Dizipal - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Dizilla - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- SeriesAZ - Movies / TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Dizibox - TV / Sub / 1080p
- Diziyou - TV / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Ddizi - TV
- Dizilab - TV
- Diziizle - TV
- Filmmodu, Jet Film izle, 4kFilmizlesene or Film İzlesene - Movies
- Turkish123 or Yoturkish - Turkish TV w/ Eng Subs
- Türk Anime / Downloader, Anizm, Anime Who, TR Anime İzle, OpenAnime, AnimeciX, SeiCode, AsyaAnimeleri - Anime
- CanlıTV - Live TV
- KralBozguncu or Bozguncu Kirathanesi - Live Football
▷ Reading / Okuma
- ⭐ Kitap Botu - The largest Turkish PDF/EPUB/MOBI archive in the world
- 🌐 Turkish PDF Channels - Most popular Turkish PDF channels in Telegram
- Kitap or E kütüphanem - Books
- Manga Denizi - Manga / Discord
- Mavi Manga - Manga
- Trwebtoon - Manga
- Nirvana Manga - Manga
- SadScans - Manga / Discord
- Raindrop - Manga
- Seri Manga - Manga
- Glory Manga - Manga
- Uzaymanga - Manga
- Tortuga-ceviri - Manga
► Ukrainian / українська
▷ Torrenting
▷ Reading
- manga.in - Manga
▷ Streaming
- UASERIAL - Movies / TV / Anime / Use VPN / Telegram
- UAKino-Bay - Movies / TV / Anime
- UASerials - Movies / TV / Anime
- KinoUKR - Movies / TV / Use VPN
► Uzbek / Ўзбек
▷ Downloading
▷ Streaming
▷ Reading
- FaylZona - Books / Documents / Slides
► Vietnamese / Việt
- ⭐ Voz.vn, TECHRUM.VN or WhiteHat.vn - Tech Forum
- ⭐ J2team - Tech Community
- ⭐ Unikey - Vietnamese Keyboard
- ⭐ Baomoi - News Aggregator / Mobile
- Quantrimang, Anonyviet - Tech News
- Phudeviet - Subtitles
- Zalo, 2 - Chat App / Extra Features / Desktop / Android / iOS
- Speedtest - Internet Speed Test
- Forumvi - Create a Forum
- LichAm, XemLichAm or LichAmHomNay - Lunar Calendar
- BusMap - Bus Journey
- abProxy - Web Proxy
- XaBuon - Memes
- GameVui or Game24h - Browser Games
- KiTuHay, Symbols, KTDB or KiTuAz - Special Characters
- Run or IconFB - Emojis
- Dafontvn or FontChu - Fonts
- TestKey - Test Keyboard
- ClickTest - Mouse Click Test
- TestMic - Test Microphone
- TestCam, CamTest - Test Camera
- VNTyping, VietnameseTyping - Vietnamese Typing
- Diễn đàn Học Mãi - Study Forum
- MuaThongMinh - E-commerce Price Tracker
- FBVN, L.O.C or MonokaiToolkit - Friends Filter for Facebook
- J2TEAM - Browser Extensions & Web Applications / Facebook
- 123Note or Notepad - Notepad Tools
- Random, QuaySo or NgauNhien - Random Tools
- FPT.AI or vbee - Text to Speech
- Unity_Cheat_Sheet - Unity Game Engine Cheat Sheet
- hostsVN, iBlockAds or ABPVN - Vietnamese Adblock Filters
▷ Downloading / Tải xuống
▷ Torrenting / Tải tệp bằng torrent
- NetHD - Video / Audio
- 3ChangTrai - Video / Audio
▷ Streaming / Phát trực tuyến
- ⭐ VTVGo - Live TV
- ⭐ ZingMP3 - Music
- BiluTV - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub
- JenkaStudioVN - Movies / Anime / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- Ô Phim - Movies / Anime / Cartoon / TV / Sub / 1080p
- Phimmoi - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / Dub / 720p
- Danet - Movies / TV / Anime / Live TV / Sub / 720p
- XemPhim - Movies / TV / Sub / 720p
- NguonPhim - Movies / TV / Anime / Sub / 720p
- rophim - Movies / TV / Anime
- kkphim, 2, 3 / Movies / TV / Anime / Ad Script
- HoatHinh3D - Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p
- HHNinja - Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p
- VuiGhe - Anime / Sub / 720p
- phim.in - Anime / Movies / TV / Chinese Animation / Sub / Dub / 1080p
- AnimeTVN - Anime / Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p
- AnimeVietsub - Anime / Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p
- Ani4u - Anime / Sub / 1080p
- AnimeVSub - Anime / Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p / Extension
- AnimeHay - Anime / Chinese Animation / Sub / 1080p
- Anime47 - Anime / Chinese Animation / Sub
- Tokuvn - Tokusatsu / Sub
- Mocha - Video / 1080p
- MyClip - Video / 1080p
- TV360 - Live TV / Sub / 1080p
- TVHayHD - Live TV / 720p
- 6SVN - Live TV
- VieON - Live TV / TV / Anime / Cartoon / Movie / 1080p / Sub / Dub
- FPT Play - Live TV / TV / Anime / Cartoon / Movie
- HPlus, 2 - Live TV / TV / 1080p
- THVL - Live TV / TV / Movies / Dub
- NhacCuaTui - Music
- Muvi - Music
- Nhacvn - Music
- Keeng - Music
- Imuzik - Music
▷ Reading / Đọc
- ⭐ hoc10 - Textbooks, Study Material, Lecture Notes, etc.
- ⭐ Thư Viện Pháp Luật - Legal Information Portal / Facebook
- ⭐ VietJack - Educational Books / Documents
- ⭐ LoiGiaiHay - Educational Books / Documents
- ⭐ VNDoc - Educational Books / Documents
- ⭐ Tech12h - Educational Books / Documents
- Thivien - Poetry
- MeTaiSach - Books
- DocSachHay - Books
- AnyBooks - Books
- GacSach - Books
- SachHay24H - Books
- TramDoc - Books
- Waka - Books
- Reader - Books
- NhaSach - Books
- DocSach24 - Books
- tieulun - Books
- SachHay - Books
- TruyenPlus - Books / Novel
- DocTaiLieu - Educational Books / Documents
- tulieuvankien - Vietnamese Government Documents
- CongTruyen - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua
- TruyenQQ - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua
- COMI - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua / Novel
- cuutruyen - Manga
- hanultruyen - Manga
- Bao Tung Truyen - Manga
- Dtruyen - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua
- Truyensieuhay - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua
- Vietwriter - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua / Novel
- Doctruyen5s - Manga / Manhwa / Manhua
- TruyenFull - Manga / Light Novels
- Hako - Light Novels / Facebook
- Sonako - Light Novels / Facebook
- Truyenyy - Light Novels / Freemium
- sstruyen - Light Novels
- Babla - Dictionary
- VDict - Dictionary
- VTuDien - Dictionary
► Other Languages
- 🌐 Non-English Ebook & Audiobook Sites
- ↪️ Asian Drama Sites
- kool.to - Multilingual / Live TV
- Keyman - Multilingual / Keyboard Files
- Jainism Library of Jain Literature - Multilingual / Sacred Texts
- Filma24 - Albanian / Movies / TV / 1080p
- amharicbookss - Amharic / Books
- Yoda - Azerbaijani / Live TV
- channelmyanmar - Burmese / Movies / TV / Cartoons / 1080p / 4K
- lupiteam - Corsican / Manga
- BalkanDownload - Croatian / Download / Video / Audio / Games / Books / Comics
- WarezHR - Croatian / Download / Video / Audio / Games / Books / Comics
- JockanTV - Croatian / Streaming / Dubbed Cartoons / Use Adblock
- DR.DK - Danish / Movies / TV / Live
- CyberSkills - Danish Cybersecurity Discord
- Lesics - Danish / Sabins Civil Engineering
- TorrentHeaven - Dutch Torrents / Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- NPO - Dutch / TV Streaming
- Oorboekje - Dutch Radio Stations
- Eboek.info - Dutch / Download / Comics
- Deildu - Icelandic / Torrents
- Shafilm - Kurdish / Streaming / Movies / TV / Anime / Cartoons
- kzkitap - Kazakh Books
- KurdCinema - Kurdish / Streaming / Movies / TV / Anime / Cartoons
- Kurdsubtitle - Kurdish / Subtitles
- Redzidzirdilatviju - Latvian / Documents
- Paper - Nepali / Text Tools
- DJPunjab - Punjabi / Download / MP3
- animesrbija - Serbian / Streaming / Anime
- Anime Balkan - Serbian / Streaming / Anime / 1080p
- ZulTV - Serbian / Live TV
- gledajcrtace or gledajcrtace.org - Serbian / Dubbed Cartoons
- zoom.lk or Cineru.lk - Sinhalese / Subtitles
- Najdi.si - Slovene / Search
- BSF - Slovene Film Database
- iptv-ch - Swiss / IPTV Resources
- tagalogdubbed - Tagalog / Streaming / Movies / TV
- Segoideas - Taiwanese / Streaming / TV
- wlext - Turkish / Filipino / Thai / Streaming / Movies
- Machine Learning ka Chilla - Urdu / Machine Learning Course
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:16:30Here’s Sean Voisen writing about how programming is a feeling:
For those of us who enjoy programming, there is a deep satisfaction that comes from solving problems through well-written code, a kind of ineffable joy found in the elegant expression of a system through our favorite syntax. It is akin to the same satisfaction a craftsperson might find at the end of the day after toiling away on well-made piece of furniture, the culmination of small dopamine hits that come from sweating the details on something and getting them just right. Maybe nobody will notice those details, but it doesn’t matter. We care, we notice, we get joy from the aesthetics of the craft.
This got me thinking about the idea of satisfaction in craft. Where does it come from?
Continue Reading https://blog.jim-nielsen.com/2025/craft-and-satisfaction/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973628
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:03:29CryptPad
Collaboration and privacy. Yes, you can have both Flagship instance of CryptPad, the end-to-end encrypted and open-source collaboration suite. Cloud administered by the CryptPad development team. https://cryptpad.fr/
ONLYOFFICE DocSpace
Document collaboration made simpler. Easily collaborate with customizable rooms. Edit any content you have. Work faster using AI assistants. Protect your sensitive business data. Download or try STARTUP Cloud (Limited-time offer) FREE https://www.onlyoffice.com/
SeaFile
A new way to organize your files Beyond just syncing and sharing files, Seafile lets you add custom file properties and organize your files in different views. With AI-powered automation for generating properties, Seafile offers a smarter, more efficient way to manage your files. Try it Now, Free for up to 3 users https://seafile.com/
SandStorm
An open source platform for self-hosting web apps Self-host web-based productivity apps easily and securely. Sandstorm is an open source project built by a community of volunteers with the goal of making it really easy to run open source web applications. Try the Demo or Signup Free https://alpha.sandstorm.io/apps
NextCloud Hub
A new generation of online collaboration that puts you in control. Nextcloud offers a modern, on premise content collaboration platform with real-time document editing, video chat & groupware on mobile, desktop and web. Sign up for a free Nextcloud account https://nextcloud.com/sign-up/
LinShare
True Open Source Secure File Sharing Solution We are committed to providing a reliable Open Source file-sharing solution, expertly designed to meet the highest standards of diverse industries, such as government and finance Try the Demo https://linshare.app/
Twake Drive
The open-source alternative to Google Drive. Privacy-First Open Source Workplace. Twake workplace open source business. Improve your effeciency with truly Open Source, all-in-one digital suite. Enhance the security in every aspect of your professional and private life. Sign up https://sign-up.twake.app/
SpaceDrive
One Explorer. All Your Files. Unify files from all your devices and clouds into a single, easy-to-use explorer. Designed for creators, hoarders and the painfully disorganized. Download desktop app (mobile coming soon) https://www.spacedrive.com/
ente
Safe Home for your photos Store, share, and discover your memories with end-to-end encryption. End-to-end encryption, durable storage and simple sharing. Packed with these and much more into our beautiful open source apps. Get started https://web.ente.io
fileStash
Turn your FTP server into... Filestash is the enterprise-grade file manager connecting your storage with your identity provider and authorisations. Try the demo https://demo.filestash.app
STORJ
Disruptively fast. Globally secure. S3-compatible distributed cloud services that make the most demanding workflows fast and affordable. Fast track your journey toward high performance cloud services. Storj pricing is consistent and competitive in meeting or exceeding your cloud services needs. Give the products a try to experience the benefits of the distributed cloud. Get Started https://www.storj.io/get-started
FireFile
The open‑source alternative to Dropbox. Firefiles lets you setup a cloud drive with the backend of your choice and lets you seamlessly manage your files across multiple providers. It revolutionizes cloud storage management by offering a unified platform for all your storage needs. Sign up Free https://beta.firefiles.app
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973626
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:06:09► Download Directories
- Note - Some Open Directories track IP addresses. Always use a VPN or Tor for anonymity when accessing these resources.
- 🌐 /r/opendirectories - Open Directories Subreddit / Telegram / /u/ODScanner
- ↪️ Open Directory Search String Builders, 2, 3
- ↪️ Google Piracy Groups
- ⭐ EyeDex, ODCrawler, ODS or mmnt - Open Directory Search Engines
- ⭐ Soulseek or Nicotine+ - File Sharing App / Stats / Server App
- eMule Plus - File Sharing App
- mega.archive (Discord) / Chat - Megadrive Archive
- Napalm FTP, Mamont or Search-22 - FTP Search
- dedigger - Google Drive File Search
- Sala De Espera - Drive Sharing Community
- Open Directory Downloader - Open Directory Indexer
- CD.TextFiles - CD Text File Archive
- Defacto2 - Scene / Sub-Scene Database
► Download Sites
- Note - General DDL sites use a lot of different sources, so it's best to avoid them for anything you install, like software, games or APKs. You can also use redirect bypassers to skip link shorteners.
- ⭐ Archive.org - Video / Audio / Magazines / Newspapers / ROMs / Tools
- ⭐ DirtyWarez - Video / Audio / Books / Comics
- ⭐ /r/DataHoarder, Data Horde, Archive Team / Subreddit, Gnutella Forums or FileSharingTalk - File Hoarding Forums
- WorldSRC - Video / Audio / Donate
- WarezForums - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / Comics
- rlsbb, 2, 3, 4 - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines / Track Shows / PreDB
- Adit-HD - Video / Audio / Books
- Novanon - Video / Audio / Magazines / Comics / Books / Courses
- psychodownloads - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / Magazines / NSFW
- Merlin Warez - Video / Audio / Books / Audiobooks / Comics / Magazines
- Sbenny's Forum - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / Discord
- DownDuck - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines
- AllYouLike - Video / Audio Books / Magazines / ROMs / Comics / NSFW
- DDLValley - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / Comics / Magazines / Forum
- MaxRelease - Video / Audio / Magazines
- AyakaLounge - Video / Audio / ROMs
- 1DDL - Video / Audio / Books / Comics / Magazines
- TFPDL, 2 - Video / Magazines / NSFW
- WarezLoad - Video / Audio / Books
- Katz DDL - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- BadshahUploads - Video / Audio / Books / Leech Required
- Leaker - Video / Audio
- TehParadox - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines / ROMs
- wJungle - Video / Audio / Books / NSFW
- PuZo - Video / Audio / Books / Audiobooks / NSFW
- Warez Heaven - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books / NSFW
- Download.ir - Video / ROMs
- SceneSource, 2 - Video / Audio / ROMs / Books
- Download For All, 2 - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines
- ddlspot - Video / Audio
- 0DayDDL - Video / Audio / Books / Magazines
- Downturk.net - Video / Audio / Books
- SoftArchive, 2, 3 - Video / Audio / Books / Comics / Newspapers / Magazines / Status / Avoid Software / Games
- Pouet - Demos / Cracktros
- Redump - Disc Preservation Project
- DemoZoo or scene.org - Demoscene Archive / Wiki
- Ubu - Avant-Garde Artifacts
▷ Search Sites
- Note - These aggregate from multiple sources, so it's best to avoid them for software / games.
- ⭐ Download CSE / CSE 2 - Multi-Site Search
- ⭐ FilePursuit / Discord
- ⭐ 4Shared
- Meawfy - Mega, GoFile and MediaFire Search
- File Host Search
- scnlog
- fidigger
- filesearch.link
- Linktury
- MediafireTrend - Mediafire Search
- WarezOmen - Indexer / Search Engine
- SkullXDCC / 2 or XDCC.EU - XDCC / Search Engine
- Find Rare Files Online - How-to Find Rare Files
▷ Video Sites
▷ Anime Sites
▷ Educational Sites
▷ Game Sites
▷ Audio Sites
► Software Sites
- Note - Always scan downloaded software with VirusTotal before installation or run it in a sandboxed environment like Sandboxie to prevent system compromise.
- 🌐 Adobe Alternatives, 2 - Adobe Software Alternative Index
- ↪️ Windows ISOs / Activation
- ⭐ CRACKSurl / Telegram
- ⭐ LRepacks
- ⭐ Mobilism - Mobile App
- ⭐ soft98 - Use Translator / Anti-Adblock Fix
- ⭐ Nsane Forums - Sign-Up Required
- ⭐ Software CSE - Multi-Site Software Search
- ⭐ AlternativeTo or European Alternatives - Crowdsourced Recommendations
- AIOWares
- DownloadHa - Use Translator
- Heidoc
- Softlay
- RetroSystemRevival
- Libreware or Xetrin RePacks - Telegram Channels
- Rarewares - Rare Software
- Software Heritage - Software Source Code Archive
- GenP - Adobe Software Patcher / Revolt
- ZXPInstaller - Adobe Extension Installer
▷ FOSS Sites
- 🌐 Awesome Open Source, Awesome Useful Projects or Awesome OSS - FOSS Indexes
- ↪️ Git Project Indexes
- SourceForge - FOSS Repositories
- OSSSoftware - FOSS Directory
- Fossies - FOSS Directory
- Gadgeteer - FOSS Directory
- FossHub - FOSS Directory
- OSS Gallery - FOSS Directory
- Opensource Builders - FOSS Alt Search
- OpenAlternative - FOSS Alt Search
- opensourcealternative.to - FOSS Alt Search
- Awesome CLI Apps or CLI Club - FOSS CLI Apps / Tools
- Free Software Directory - FOSS Wikis
- FOSS Wiki - FOSS Wikis
▷ Freeware Sites
- 🌐 Awesome Free Software, Awesome Free Apps, Windows Ultimate Collection or Free Lunch - Freeware Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome Selfhosted / 2 / 3 / 4 or Selfh.st - Self-Hosted Software Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome Python Applications - Python App Index
- ↪️ Software Package Managers
- ⭐ FluentStore - Microsoft Store Frontend
- ⭐ store.rg or StoreWeb - Paid Microsoft Store Link Generators / Guide
- MajorGeeks - Freeware Downloads
- Softpedia - Freeware Directory
- Realityripple - Freeware Directory
- OlderGeeks - Freeware Directory
- FilePuma - Freeware Directory
- FileEagle - Freeware Directory
- LO4D - Freeware Directory
- SoftwareOK - Freeware Directory
- GRC - Freeware Directory
- Uwe Sieber - Freeware Directory
- Software Informer - Freeware Directory
- PortableApps.com, PortableFreeware, Portapps or PortableAppZ - Portable Apps
- Nirsoft, Windows-Utilities, OS Vault or WinTools - Windows Software
- Suckless - Simple Software Archive
- VETUSWARE - Abandonware / Operating Systems / Games
- OldVersion - Old Versions of Software
- Vintage Software Collection or SCiZE's Classic Warez - Retro Software
▷ Linux Software
▷ Mac Software
▷ IRC Tools
- 🌐 Awesome IRC - IRC Resources
- 🌐 IRC Client Comparisons
- IRC Guide, Libera Guides, LoadGuru, New Blood or Simple Wiki Guide - IRC Guides
- AdiIRC, KVIrc, Konversation, Convos or Halloy - IRC Clients
- TheLounge - WebIRC Client
- libera, tilde, anonops or rizon - IRC Networks
► Usenet
- 🌐 Usenet Tools / Services or UsenetTools
- ⭐ Usenet Guide / Automation Setup / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6
- /r/usenet
- Usenet-Uploaders, ngPost or Nyuu - Usenet Uploaders
▷ Indexers
- 🌐 Indexer List - Indexer List
- /r/UsenetInvites
- NZBHydra2 - NZB Meta search
- SceneNZBs - Multinational Indexer
- nzbplanet
- orionoid
- binsearch
- abnzb
- NZB Index, 2
- Newznab
- NZBStars
- usenet-crawler
- GingaDaddy
- NZBFinder
- NZBKing
- g4u - Download Games via Usenet / PW:
404
- OldUSe - Search Usenet Articles
- althub - Unlimited Free Trials
- Spotweb - Spotnet Client
▷ Providers
- 🌐 /r/usenet Providers - Provider Lists
- 🌐 /r/usenet Deals - Provider Deals
- 🌐 Usenet Provider Deals
- Usenet Providers Map
- usenetmax
- usenet.farm
- Free Trials
▷ Downloaders
- ⭐ sabnzbd / Grabber / Firefox / Chrome
- ⭐ NZBUnity - Send NZBs to Client
- nzbget / GitHub
- Usenet File Hashes - Link File Hashes
- Tg-UsenetBot - Usenet Telegram Bot
► Leeches / Debrid
- 🌐 LeechListing or Free Premium Leech Wiki - Leech Lists
- 🌐 Debrid Services Comparison / GitHub
- ⭐ Real-Debrid - Paid Debrid Service / Android Client / Torrent Client / DDL Client
- ⭐ HDEncode, DDLBase / .net or rlsDB - Movie & TV DDL Forums / Requires Debrid
- Multi-OCH Helper - Quickly Send DDL Links to Premiumize & NoPremium
- RapidGrab or Newscon - Leeches
- FastDebrid - 1Fichier Leech
- Debrid Media Manager - Manage / Stream / Download Debrid Files
► Download Managers
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-06 06:00:25Album art didn’t always exist. In the early 1900s, recorded music was still a novelty, overshadowed by sales of sheet music. Early vinyl records were vastly different from what we think of today: discs were sold individually and could only hold up to four minutes of music per side. Sometimes, only one side of the record was used. One of the most popular records of 1910, for example, was “Come, Josephine, in My Flying Machine”: it clocked in at two minutes and 39 seconds.
The invention of album art can get lost in the story of technological mastery. But among all the factors that contributed to the rise of recorded music, it stands as one of the few that was wholly driven by creators themselves. Album art — first as marketing material, then as pure creative expression — turned an audio-only medium into a multi-sensory experience.
This is the story of the people who made music visible.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/972642
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-06 05:49:01I don’t like garlic. It’s not a dislike for the taste in the moment, so much as an extreme dislike for the way it stays with you—sometimes for days—after a particularly garlicky meal.
Interestingly enough, both of my brothers love garlic. They roast it by itself and keep it at the ready so they can have a very strong garlic profile in their cooking. When I prepare a dish, I don’t even see garlic on the ingredient list. I’ve cut it out of my life so completely that my brain genuinely skips over it in recipes. While my brothers are looking for ways to sneak garlic into everything they make, I’m subconsciously avoiding it altogether.
A few years back, when I was digging intensely into how design systems mature, I stumbled on the concept of a design system origin story. There are two extreme origin stories and an infinite number of possibilities between. On one hand you have the grassroots system, where individuals working on digital products are simply trying to solve their own daily problems. They’re frustrated with having to go cut and paste elements from past designs or with recreating the same layouts over and over, so they start to work more systematically. On the other hand, you have the top down system, where leadership is directing teams to take a more systematic approach, often forming a small partially dedicated core team to tackle some centralized assets and guidelines for all to follow. The influences in those early days bias a design system in interesting and impactful ways.
We’ve established that there are a few types of bias that are either intentionally or unintentionally embedded into our design systems. Acknowledging this is a great first step. But, what’s the impact of this? Does it matter?
I believe there are a few impacts design system biases, but there’s one that stands out. The bias in your design system makes some individuals feel the system is meant for them and others feel it’s not. This is a problem because, a design system cannot live up to it’s expected value until it is broadly in use. If individuals feel your design system is not for them, the won’t use it. And, as you know, it doesn’t matter how good your design system is if nobody is using it.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/972641
-
@ d61f3bc5:0da6ef4a
2025-05-06 01:37:28I remember the first gathering of Nostr devs two years ago in Costa Rica. We were all psyched because Nostr appeared to solve the problem of self-sovereign online identity and decentralized publishing. The protocol seemed well-suited for textual content, but it wasn't really designed to handle binary files, like images or video.
The Problem
When I publish a note that contains an image link, the note itself is resilient thanks to Nostr, but if the hosting service disappears or takes my image down, my note will be broken forever. We need a way to publish binary data without relying on a single hosting provider.
We were discussing how there really was no reliable solution to this problem even outside of Nostr. Peer-to-peer attempts like IPFS simply didn't work; they were hopelessly slow and unreliable in practice. Torrents worked for popular files like movies, but couldn't be relied on for general file hosting.
Awesome Blossom
A year later, I attended the Sovereign Engineering demo day in Madeira, organized by Pablo and Gigi. Many projects were presented over a three hour demo session that day, but one really stood out for me.
Introduced by hzrd149 and Stu Bowman, Blossom blew my mind because it showed how we can solve complex problems easily by simply relying on the fact that Nostr exists. Having an open user directory, with the corresponding social graph and web of trust is an incredible building block.
Since we can easily look up any user on Nostr and read their profile metadata, we can just get them to simply tell us where their files are stored. This, combined with hash-based addressing (borrowed from IPFS), is all we need to solve our problem.
How Blossom Works
The Blossom protocol (Blobs Stored Simply on Mediaservers) is formally defined in a series of BUDs (Blossom Upgrade Documents). Yes, Blossom is the most well-branded protocol in the history of protocols. Feel free to refer to the spec for details, but I will provide a high level explanation here.
The main idea behind Blossom can be summarized in three points:
- Users specify which media server(s) they use via their public Blossom settings published on Nostr;
- All files are uniquely addressable via hashes;
- If an app fails to load a file from the original URL, it simply goes to get it from the server(s) specified in the user's Blossom settings.
Just like Nostr itself, the Blossom protocol is dead-simple and it works!
Let's use this image as an example:
If you look at the URL for this image, you will notice that it looks like this:
blossom.primal.net/c1aa63f983a44185d039092912bfb7f33adcf63ed3cae371ebe6905da5f688d0.jpg
All Blossom URLs follow this format:
[server]/[file-hash].[extension]
The file hash is important because it uniquely identifies the file in question. Apps can use it to verify that the file they received is exactly the file they requested. It also gives us the ability to reliably get the same file from a different server.
Nostr users declare which media server(s) they use by publishing their Blossom settings. If I store my files on Server A, and they get removed, I can simply upload them to Server B, update my public Blossom settings, and all Blossom-capable apps will be able to find them at the new location. All my existing notes will continue to display media content without any issues.
Blossom Mirroring
Let's face it, re-uploading files to another server after they got removed from the original server is not the best user experience. Most people wouldn't have the backups of all the files, and/or the desire to do this work.
This is where Blossom's mirroring feature comes handy. In addition to the primary media server, a Blossom user can set one one or more mirror servers. Under this setup, every time a file is uploaded to the primary server the Nostr app issues a mirror request to the primary server, directing it to copy the file to all the specified mirrors. This way there is always a copy of all content on multiple servers and in case the primary becomes unavailable, Blossom-capable apps will automatically start loading from the mirror.
Mirrors are really easy to setup (you can do it in two clicks in Primal) and this arrangement ensures robust media handling without any central points of failure. Note that you can use professional media hosting services side by side with self-hosted backup servers that anyone can run at home.
Using Blossom Within Primal
Blossom is natively integrated into the entire Primal stack and enabled by default. If you are using Primal 2.2 or later, you don't need to do anything to enable Blossom, all your media uploads are blossoming already.
To enhance user privacy, all Primal apps use the "/media" endpoint per BUD-05, which strips all metadata from uploaded files before they are saved and optionally mirrored to other Blossom servers, per user settings. You can use any Blossom server as your primary media server in Primal, as well as setup any number of mirrors:
## Conclusion
For such a simple protocol, Blossom gives us three major benefits:
- Verifiable authenticity. All Nostr notes are always signed by the note author. With Blossom, the signed note includes a unique hash for each referenced media file, making it impossible to falsify.
- File hosting redundancy. Having multiple live copies of referenced media files (via Blossom mirroring) greatly increases the resiliency of media content published on Nostr.
- Censorship resistance. Blossom enables us to seamlessly switch media hosting providers in case of censorship.
Thanks for reading; and enjoy! 🌸
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-05 05:26:34The European Accessibility Act is coming, now is a great time for accessibility trainings!. In my Accessibility for Designer workshop, you will learn how to design accessible mockups that prevent issues in visual design, interactions, navigation, and content. You will be able to spot problems early, fix them in your designs, and communicate accessibility clearly with your team. This is a practical workshop with hands-on exercises, not just theory. You’ll actively apply accessibility principles to real design scenarios and mockups. And will get access to my accessibility resources: checklists, annotation kits and more.
When? 4 sessions of 2 hours + Q and As, on: - Mon, June 16, - Tue, June 17, Mon, - June 23 and Tue, - June 24. 9:30 – 12:00 PM PT or 18:30 – 21:00 CET
Register with 15% discount ($255) https://ti.to/smashingmagazine/online-workshops-2022/with/87vynaoqc0/discount/welcometomyworkshop
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/971772
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:11:44► Linux Guides
- ↪️ Bash / CLI Cheat Sheets
- ⭐ Arch Wiki - Arch Linux Guide / Manuals / TUI
- GameShell - Unix Shell Learning Game
- Gentoo Wiki - Gentoo Wikis / Guides
- Debian Wiki - Debian Wiki / Guides
- FreeBSD Wiki - FreeBSD Wiki / Guides / Docs
- LinuxJourney - Interactive Linux Guides
- HowToLinux - Linux Desktop Guides
- Self Managed Life - FOSS / Self-Hosting Guide / Video, 2
- Server World - Network Server Guides
- HowtoForge or Comfy.Guide - Linux Server Software Guides
- Sindresorhus Guides - Linux Guides for Node.js Developers
- Erik Dubois - Arch-centric Linux Video Tutorials
- Linuxtopia - Linux Guides
- Vim Tutorials - Vim Tutorial Playlist by Mental Outlaw
- Boot-Repair - Grub Repair Guide for Linux Systems
► Linux Communities
- ⭐ All Things Linux - Linux Discord Server
- Linux.Chat - Linux Discord Server
- Linux x Technology - Linux Discord Server
- Arch Linux Community - Linux Discord Server
- Discord-Linux - Linux Discord Server
- Linux.org - Linux Forum
- Arch Forums - Linux Forum
- Gentoo Forums - Linux Forum
► Linux Distros
- Note - We don't curate individual distros ourselves as we feel the indexes listed are good enough to stand on their own.
- ⭐ DistroChooser
- DistroWatch
- distro.moe - Find Random Distros
- Linux Live Kit - Live Distro Creator
- DotShare - Distro Config Index
- ArchiveOS
- OS.click
- LinuxTracker
- OpenSourceFeed
- Desktop Environment Comparison
- Pkgs - Linux + Unix Packages / Repology
▷ Raspberry Pi
- Pinn - Raspberry Pi OS Installer
- PiVPN - Raspberry Pi VPN / GitHub
- raspberrypiwireguard - Install WireGuard on Raspberry Pi
- CaribouLite - Raspberry Pi Tx/Rx 6GHz SDR
- Piper - Raspberry Pi Text-To-Speech
▷ Wayland Compositors
- 🌐 Wayland Compositor Index - List of Wayland Compositors
- ⭐ Hyprland - Wayland Compositor / Arch Wiki / Simple Config, 2
- ⭐ Sway or SwayFx - i3-compatible Wayland Compositor / Arch Wiki
- river - Wayland Compositor
- LabWC - Wayland Compositor
- wayfire - Wayland Compositor
- niri - Wayland Compositor
- Waycheck - Wayland Compositor GUI
► Linux Apps
- ↪️ Multi-Platform Readers - Ebook Reader Index
- ⭐ Bottles - Manage Wine containers / GitHub / Discord
- ⭐ WineHQ - Wine Compatibility Database
- ⭐ Q4Wine - Wine GUI
- ⭐ AppImageLauncher or GearLever - Integrate AppImages to App Launchers
- ⭐ winetricks - Wine Fixes
- ⭐ rofi / Emoji Selector, Fuzzel, Ulauncher or wofi - App Launchers
- ⭐ FreeRDP - Remote Desktop Client / GitHub
- wslu - Utilities for Windows 10 Linux Subsystem / GitHub
- Darling - Run macOS Apps on Linux / GitHub / Discord
- innoextract - Windows Installer Unpacker / GitHub
- nativefier_tauri - Turn Webpages into Desktop Apps
- Autokey - Linux Automation Utility / GitHub
- ProtonTricks - Run Winetricks Commands for Steam Play / Proton Games
- Touchégg - Multi-Touch Gesture Recognizer
- Material Shell or Forge - GNOME Tiling Extension
- Polonium - KDE6 Tiling Manager Extension / GitHub
- Ghostwriter or Remarkable - Markdown Editor
- Gedit, Geany, Kate Editor, taskbook, Notepadqq, Featherpad or nb / GitHub - Text Editor / Note Apps
- TextPieces - Quick Text Transformations
- Durdraw - ASCII Editor
- ly - Display Manager with Console UI
- GammaStep - Adjust Screen Temperature
- Weylus - Use Mobile Device as Trackpad
- AudioSource - Use Mobile Device as Microphone
- Ollama / GitHub / Discord or Alpaca - Run LLMs on Linux
- nyrna - Suspend Apps / Games
- Solaar - Logitech Device Manager
- bluetuith - Bluetooth Manager
- libimobiledevice - Communicate with iOS Devices
- Meteo - Weather App
- Client Evolution or dLine - Calendars
- todo or Planify - To-Do Apps
- Timestrap or Mindfulness at the Computer - Productivity Managers
- SafeEyes - Break Reminders
- dijo - Activity Tracker
- Linux-PowerToys - PowerToys for Linux
- Railway - Travel Info Manager
- Wike - Wikipedia App
- Komikku, Suwayomi-VaadinUI or Manga Reader - Manga Readers
- ABS FLutter - Self-Hosted Audiobook Server
- Mako, dunst - Customizable Notification Daemon / GitHub
- Eloquent or DidYouMean - Grammar Check Apps
- KTouch, typer or Toipe - Typing Practice
▷ Software Sites
- 🌐 Rim's Linux Wiki, 2 - Linux Software / Tool Index / Discord
- 🌐 ArchWiki App Sites or Ultimate Cheatsheet - Linux Software / Site Index
- 🌐 Awesome Linux - FOSS Linux Software
- 🌐 Awesome KDE - FOSS KDE Software
- 🌐 Awesome Gnome - FOSS GNOME Software
- 🌐 FOSS Software Packages - FOSS Software Packages Index
- ⭐ Kapital Sin / Use Translator
- ⭐ The Book of Secret Knowledge
- ⭐ Linux Software CSE - Multi-Site Software Search
- Awesome Linux Minimalism - FOSS Software
- FOSS Torrents - FOSS Software Torrents
- Linux FOSS Image - FOSS Software List
- KDE Applications - KDE Apps
- Plan9Port / GitHub
- Flatpak or Flathub - Flatpak App Repositories
- SnapCraft - Snap Repository
- NixOS / Manager, AppImagePool, Zap / GitHub, pkgx, AM or Homebrew - Package Managers
- cheat.sh - App Repos / GitHub
- AppImageHub, AppImages or Get AppImage - Download Appimages
- Apps for GNOME - GNOME Apps
- emplace - System Package Sync
- Pling / 2 - Linux Apps and Themes
- Pacstall - AUR-Inspired Package Manager for Ubuntu
▷ Linux System
- 🌐 Window Manager Index - List of Window Managers
- 🌐 Hardware for Linux - Linux Hardware Compatibility Database / Forum / GitHub
- 🌐 Hardware for BSD - BSD Hardware Compatibility Database / GitHub
- ⭐ Btop, fastfetch, MangoHud, CPU-X, Macchina, Archey4, Hyfetch or s-tui - System Info / Resource Monitors
- ⭐ TimeShift - System Restore / Backup
- Impression - Create Bootable USB Linux Drives
- anuraOS / Instance - Linux Browser Emulator
- SysmonForLinux - Monitor / Log System Activity
- Webmin - Web-Based System Admin Tool / GitHub
- screenFetch - Bash Screenshot Information Tool
- Nanobench - CPU Microbenchmark / Documentation
- ScanMem - Memory Scanner / Debugger
- pacwall - Live Wallpaper Dependency Graph / Package Status
- picom - Compositor for standalone X11 Window Managers
- keyd or xremap - Keyboard Remapping
- LAN Mouse - Mouse & Keyboard Sharing
- Input Leap - Multi-Computer Control
- auto-cpufreq - CPU Speed & Power Optimization Automation
- Fan Control - Fan Controller
- winapps - Run Windows Apps on Linux
- Teleport - Windows App Compatibility Analyzer
- NetBoot - Boot Linux Distros
- CloverBootloader - Windows, Mac & Linux Bootloader / Config
- zfsBootMenu - ZFS Bootloader
- Linux Heads - Minimal CoreBoot / GitHub
- GParted - Partition Manager
- Archinstall - Arch Linux Installers
- Pop!_OS Shell - Pop-Shell for GNOME
- CoreELEC / GitHub or LibreELEC / GitHub - Kodi-Based Operating System
- WSL - Run Linux on Windows / Resources / Startup Launcher / Wayland / X Server
- DistroSea - Cloud Virtual Machine / Allows Browsers
- Boxes - Virtual Machine Manager
- Linux-KVM - Virtualization Kernel module
- WebVM - Browser Virtual Machine / Discord / GitHub
- OSX-KVM, OneClick-macOS-Simple-KVM or macOS-Simple-KVM - macOS Virtual Machines
- kmon - Kernel Manager and Activity Monitor
- Kernel Map - Interactive Linux Kernel Map
- KernelNewbies - Kernel Developer Guides
- SystemRescue or Super Grub2 Disk - Bootable System Rescue Toolkits
- coreboot or Libreboot - Replace Proprietary BIOS/UEFI Firmware
- bt-dualboot - Dual-Boot Bluetooth Sync Tool
- Hardcode Tray - Hardcoded Tray Icon Fix
- open-gpu-kernel-modules - NVIDIA Linux Open GPU Kernel Module
- nosystemd - Alternatives to systemd
- greetd - Login Manager Daemon
▷ Linux Video
- ⭐ mpv or VLC - Video Players
- ⭐ Haruna or Celluloid - MPV Frontends
- ⭐ Kdenlive / GitHub or Flowblade - Video Editors
- MultiPlex - Torrent Watch Party / Use VPN
- MPV Shim - Cast Plex to MPV
- Gromit MPX - Screen Annotation
- Spectacle - Screen Recorder / Clipping
- AV Linux - Video / Audio Editor
- REAL Video Enhancer - Video Upscaling
- 4KTUBE or Video Downloader - Video Downloaders
- Peek - Simple Video / GIF recorder
- Linux-Fake-Background-Webcam - Fake Webcam Background
- Shiru - Anime Torrent Streaming
- ani-cli - Anime Streaming Terminal
- Trackma - Anime Tracking App
- LiveCaptions - Real-Time Captions
▷ Linux Audio
- 🌐 Awesome Linux Audio - Live Audio Resources
- ⭐ SpotX-Bash, Spicetify, spotify-adblock or SpotifyNoPremium - Spotify Adblockers
- ⭐ SongRec or Mousai - Song Identifiers
- puddletag / GitHub - Metadata Organizer
- Tidal Hi-Fi - Hi-Fi Tidal for Linux
- cmus - Audio Player
- Tauon Music Box - Audio Player
- Lollypop, 2 - Audio Player
- Audacious - Audio Player
- Rhythmbox - Audio Player
- Amberol - Audio Player
- Subsonic - Audio Player / Import Spotify
- Fooyin / GitHub - Audio Player
- g4music - Audio Player
- dopamine - Audio Player
- AudioTube - Audio Player
- MOC or Kew - TUI Audio Players
- Monophony - YouTube Music Client
- ytermusic - YouTube Music Downloader
- Deezer Linux or DZR - Deezer Clients
- MusicPod - Podcast / Radio Player
- Shortwave or QMPlay2 - Radio Players
- HeadsetControl - Headset Settings Manager
- Pipewire / Plugins or NoiseTorch - Noise Suppression Software
- Qtractor - Audio Editor
- Calf Studio Gear - Audio Production Plugins
- Ensembles - Musical Performance Arranger
- Viper4Linux / GUI or JDSP4Linux - Audio Processors
- cava - Console Audio Visualizer
- Blanket - Ambient Sound Mixer for Linux
- CasterSoundboard - Soundboard
▷ Linux Images
- ⭐ Flameshot or Scrot - Screenshot Tools
- photoshopCClinux - Linux Photoshop Installer
- v4l2loopback - Create Virtual Cameras
- Drawing - Drawing App
- Feh or NSXIV - Image Viewer
- lsix - View Images in Terminal
- Upscaler - Image Upscaler
- Trimage or Curtail - Image Compressor
- MkPosters - Turn Markdown Files into Posters
- Rapid - Quick Linux Photo Importer
▷ Linux Gaming
- 🌐 Awesome-ttygames - Unix ASCII Games
- 🌐 Are We Anti-Cheat Yet? - Anti-Cheat Game Database / GNU/Linux & Wine/Proton Compatibility
- ⭐ Comprehensive Gaming Guide / 2 / 3 / 4 - Linux Gaming Guides
- ⭐ protondb - Proton Compatibility / Steam Extension
- ⭐ Lutris - Games Manager
- ⭐ proton-ge-custom - Play Windows Games on Linux / Guide
- ⭐ ProtonUp-QT - Install / Manage Proton-GE for Steam and Wine-GE for Lutris
- ⭐ Kapital Sin - Linux Games / Use Translator
- ⭐ Torrminatorr - Linux Games
- ⭐ johncena141 - Linux Games / Search / Support
- GameHub, Gnome Games, UnderTaker141 or Steal - Game Libraries / Launchers
- RuTracker - Linux Games / Translator / Wiki / Rules
- winesapOS - Play Games on Storage Devices
- Gamebuntu - Setup Gaming Environment on Ubuntu / GitLab
- wine-wayland - Play DX9/DX11 / Vulkan Games
- CreamLinux - Steam DLC Unlocker / Installer
- SLSsteam - Steamclient Mod + DLC Unlocker
- AdwSteamGtk - Steam Frontend
- steam-tui - Rust TUI for Steam
- steam-cli - CLI for Steam
- Luxtorpeda or Boxtron - Run Steam Games on Linux
- RetroDECK - Emulator for Steam Deck
- CryoUtilities - Steam Deck Utilities
- SamRewritten - Steam Achievement Manager
- Steam for Linux - Steam Linux Beta Issue Tracker
- HeroicGamesLauncher - Epic Games Launcher / GitHub
- Minigalaxy - GOG Client
- Sober - Roblox Linux Port / Vinegar (Studio Only)
- Limo - Nexus Mods Manager for Linux
- NVBurner or CoreCTRL - Overclocking Tool
- dxvk - D3D9, D3D10 and D3D11 for Linux / Wine
- VKBasAlt - Game Post Processing Layer
- Liquorix, Xanmod or Frogging - Linux Gaming Kernels
- Gamemode - Linux System Optimizer
- LibreGaming - Linux Game Package Downloader
- PortMaster - Port Games to Linux Handheld Devices / Discord
- Gameboy.live - Terminal Game Boy Emulator
- QuickPassthrough - Simplified Qemu GPU Passthrough
► Linux Tools
▷ Adblock / Privacy
- ↪️ Linux 2FA
- ↪️ DNS Adblocking
- ⭐ Arch Security Wiki, Linux Hardening / 2 or How to Secure a Linux Server - Linux Security Guides
- ⭐ SpoofDPI or zapret - DPI Circumvention
- ⭐ CryptSetup, gocryptfs / GitHub or Tomb - File Encryption
- Securely Wipe Disk or SSD Memory Cell Clearing - Linux Disk Wipe Guides
- JShielder - Hardening Script for Linux Servers
- YouTubeUnblock - YouTube DPI Circumvention
- SShuttle - Proxy
- Lynis - Linux Security Auditing Tool
- Lockigest - Screen Locker / GitHub
- Mistborn - Manage Cloud Security Apps
- OpenSnitch or gufw - Linux Firewalls
- Tracee - Runtime Security and Forensics
- MOFO Linux, Tails or Kodachi - Privacy-Based Operating System
- OpenVPN Wrapper - VPN Tunnel
- Openconnect VPN Server - Linux SSL VPN Server
- DSVPN - Self-Hosted VPN
- wireguird - WireGuard GTK GUI
- Netbird or vnStat - Network Monitors
- Howdy - Linux Facial Authentication
- USBGuard - Implement USB Device Authorization Policies
- ShuffleStacks - Create Hidden Volumes
- Collision - Check File Hashes
- WhoAmI Project - Privacy / Anonymity Tool / GitHub
- Yubikey Full Disk Encryption - Use YubiKey to unlock a LUKS Partition
- DNSWarden - DNS Adblocking / GitHub
- Firejail or Bubblewrap - Sandboxing Tools
- GoogleTeller - Google Tracking Notifications
▷ Linux Internet
- ⭐ qBittorrent / Tools, rTorrent / 2, Fragments, BitFlu, kTorrent / 2 - Linux Torrent Clients
- ⭐ Soulseek - File Sharing App
- ⭐ Linux WiFi Hotspot - Create WiFi Hotspots
- RuTorrent or flood - RTorrent Web Frontend
- rTorrent Tools - Extended / Tools / GitHub / Mods
- BTFS - Bittorrent Filesystem
- arch-delugevpn - Docker with Torrent client and VPN on Arch Linux base
- Luakit - Lightweight Linux Browser
- browsh - Text-Based Browser
- ElectronMail, Claws Mail or dodo - Email Clients
- iRedMail, Docker Mailserver, UnInbox or Mail-in a Box - Self-Hosted Email Servers
- Akregator - RSS Feed Reader
- pass - Unix Password Manager
- Seahorse or GnomeKeyring - GNOME Password Manager
- gopass - CLI Password Manager
- KGet, Varia or GabutDM - Download Managers
- easy-google-drive-downloader or GDown - Google Drive Downloader
- google-drive-ocamlfuse - Mount Google Drive
- maestral - Dropbox Client
- openmediavault / GitHub or Linux Server - Self-Hosted Cloud Storage
- apt-fast - APT Download Accelerator
- Nala - APT Frontend
- aMule - eMule-like P2P Client
- Linux Router - Set Linux as Router
- 1Panel - Linux Server Management Tool / GitHub
- Proxmox - Self-Hosted Server Tools
- Wayland - Linux Display Server Protocol / Tools
- EasyPanel - Server Control Panel
- Netcat - Networking Tool
- Free Cloud Linux Server - Free Cloud Server Guide
- yet another bench script - Server Performance Script
- Bandwhich - Terminal Bandwidth Utilization Tool
- iperf - Network Bandwidth Test
- Rang3r - IP / Port Scanner
- sttr - Base64 Encryption / Decryption TUI
- Knapsu - Media Server
- ansible-hms-docker or DockSTARTer - Automated Docker Media Server Setups
- Netflix Proxy - Streaming Service Proxy
- Docket-Jacket - Docker Jacket Container
- swizzin - Seedbox for Ubuntu / Debian
- rtinst - Seedbox Installation Script for Ubuntu / Debian
- SeedSync - Sync your Seedbox
- GNU Social - Self-Hosted Social Networking Platform
- Teams for Linux - Collaboration Platform
- Adium, Polari, Irssi or Weechat - IRC Clients
- Dino - XMPP Client
- gurk-rs - Signal Client
- ZapZap - WhatsApp Client / GitHub
- YouTube-Viewer, Pipe Viewer or Pipeline - YouTube Clients
- GrayJay - Combines YouTube, Twitch, Rumble, etc.
- BetterDiscordctl - Modded Discord Client / Guide
- Discover - Discord Overlay
- dvm - Discord Version Manager
▷ File Tools
- 🌐 Linux File Backup - File Backup App List
- ⭐ Warpinator, rQuickshare, Magic Wormhole, syncthing / Tray Support, portal, Zrok, Celeste / 2 / GitHub, Cattail or Sharing - File Sync / Transfer
- ⭐ Baobab, lf, ranger, nnn, clifm, fm, Superfile, Joshuto, Filelight, dut, gdu or NCDU - Terminal File Manager / Disk Usage Analyzers
- ANGRYsearch, gocatcli, xplr / GitHub / Discord, logo-ls, ugrep / GitHub or Achoz - File Explorers
- Dolphin or SpaceFM - File Managers
- Collector - File Drag & Drop
- Bash Upload - Bash File Upload 50GB / 3 days
- z - Track Most Used Directories
- lnav - Log File Viewer / Analyzer / GitHub / Discord
- p7zip, GNU Gzip or pigz - File Archivers / Unzippers
- Pika Backup or RecoverPy - File Backup / Reocovery Tools
- Boxxy - Contain Files / Directories
- Junction - Change File Associations
- Krename - Bulk File / Folder Renaming
- FSLint, kdiff3 or fclones - Duplicate File Finder
- xdg-ninja - Unwanted File Finder
- rcm - Manage Dotfiles
- PDF Mix - PDF Editor
- gscan2pdf - Turn Documents into PDFs
- Linux Filesystem Chart - File System Guide
▷ Android on Linux
- ⭐ WayDroid - Containerized Android on Linux / GitHub / Scripts
- Redroid - Containerized Android on Linux
- Docker-Android - Containerized Android on Linux
- Genymotion - Android Emulator
- Android Studio - IDE with built-in Android Emulator
- Bliss OS or Android-x86 - Android-Based OS for PC
▷ Terminal / Shell
- 🌐 Awesome Shell, tldr / GitHub or AltBox - Linux Shell Resources
- 🌐 Awesome TUIs or TerminalTrove - List of TUIs
- 🌐 The Terminal Directory - Terminal Emulators
- ↪️ Linux Shell Index or Modern Unix
- ⭐ Alacritty, Kitty, Simple Terminal, Wave, Ghostty, yakuake, emacs-eat or tabby - Linux Terminals Emulators
- ⭐ shell_gpt or shellgpt - AI Terminal Chatbot / GPT
- Liquidprompt - Bash / Zsh Prompt
- utils or UsefulLinuxShellScripts - Linux Shell Tool Scripts
- Gum - Shell Script Creator
- ShellCheck - Shell Script Bug Check
- shell-scripting-tutorial - Shell Scripting Tutorial
- Command Line Guide, ManKier or LinuxCommand - Command-Line Lessons
- Bash Crawl - Linux Command Learning Game
- Guillotine - Execute Commands via Right Menu / Gnome Extension
- bash_loading_animations - Bash Loading Animations
- bash-it or Bashly - Bash Frameworks
- zx or dax - Write Complex Scripts
- Basher or bpkg - Bash Package Manager
- XTerm - X Window System Terminal Emulator
- Extension Manager - GNOME Shell Extensions
- Distrobox - Use Distros via Terminal
- htop or Zenith - Interactive Process Viewers
- eza - Modern ls replacement
- explainshell.com - Match Command-Line Arguments to Help Text
- PowerShell - PowerShell
- Tmux - Terminal Multiplexer / Cheatsheet
- Zellij - Terminal Workspace
- asciinema - Terminal Recorder
- fzf or skim - Fuzzy Finders
- atuin - Shell History Management / GitHub
- cbonsai - Generate Bonsai Trees in Terminal
- pipes.sh or pipes-rs - Animated Pipes in Terminal
▷ Ricing / Customization
- 🌐 Awesome Ricing - Linux Ricing Resources
- ↪️ Linux Themes - Themes for Linux
- ⭐ Elkowar's Wacky Widgets or Aylur's GTK Shell - Widgeting Systems
- wpgtk - Fully Customizable Unix Color Schemer
- Hellwal - Color Palette Generator for Ricing
- Kvantum - Linux QT / KDE Theme Engine
- Polybar (X11) / Themes, Iron Bar (Wayland) or Waybar (Wayland) - Customizable Status Bars
- MacBuntu Transformation Pack, 2 - Mac Theme
- XScreenSaver - Linux Screensavers
- Fondo, varietywalls, HydraPaper, styli.sh or Komorebi - Wallpaper Managers
- Video Wallpaper or Hidamari - Use Videos as Animated Wallpapers
- wallpaper-engine-kde-plugin - Wallpaper Engine KDE Plugin
- Polychromatic or OpenRazer - Linux System Light Control
- Burn My Windows - Window Closing Effects
- theme.sh, NotCurses / Wiki or Shell Color Scripts / 2 - Custom Terminal Themes
- Gorgeous GRUB - GRUB Themes
- Iconic - Add Folder Icons
► Mac Apps
- 🌐 The Terminal Directory - List of Terminal Emulators
- ↪️ Multi-Platform Readers - Ebook Reader Index
- ⭐ gibMacOS or Mist - Download macOS
- ⭐ NearDrop or maestral - File Sharing Apps
- ⭐ shottr or CleanShot - Screenshot Tools
- ⭐ Aptonic - Mac Productivity App
- DMHY - Anime Torrent Autodownloader
- Ice Cubes - Mastodon Client
- Sky.app - Bluesky Client
- Beta Profiles - Download Pre-Release Versions macOS
- CloverBootloader - Windows, Mac & Linux Bootloader / Config
- Boot Camp - Windows Bootloader / DL Script
- Docker OSX - Mac VM in Docker
- SwiftUI Win11 - Windows 11 Desktop Client for macOS
- OrbStack - Docker Client
- Bookshelf - Book Tracker
- LimaVM - Linux VM
- PortingKit or PlayOnMac - Run Windows Games / Programs on Mac
- OpenCore - Mac Bootloader / Config / Guide
- PlayCover - Run iOS Apps on Apple Silicon Macs
- rEFind - Boot Manager
- Kexts - UEFI Kexts
- Adobe Creative Cloud, Adobe Downloader or Adobe Packager - Adobe Product Downloader
- ss64 macOS - macOS Bash Commands
- Left on Read - iMessage Client
- MacBing, LlamaChat or Mollama - AI Chatbots
- ViennaRSS - RSS Feed Reader
- Tachimanga / Extensions, 2, 3 - Manga Reader / Discord
- Dialect - Translator
- Drafts, CotEditor, TextMate, Nebo, Strflow, Kyun, Notenik or Voodoopad - Text Editors / Notes
- Agenda - Mac Notes Organizer / Forum
- Taskpaper - To-Do Apps
- BibDesk - Bibliography Manager
- Microsoft Office - Microsoft Offic for macOS
- Hammerspoon or Bunch - Desktop Automation
- MacScripter - Automation Forum
- pongoOS - Mac Pre-Boot Executor
- Later - Restore App Sessions / GitHub
- VMware - Virtual Machine
- Tart - Virtual Machine Manager . GitHub
- MacVim, CodeEdit or AuroraEditor - Code Editors
- GrayJay - Combines YouTube, Twitch, Rumble, etc.
- SD Buddy, CHARL-E or Swift Core ML Diffusers - Stable Diffusion Apps
- ColorSlurp or Material-Colors-native - Color Picker
- Use Contrast - Check Color Contrast Ratios
- Sim Daltoinism - Color Blindness Simulator
- AnimeBox - Booru Client
- Hachidori - Automatically Update MAL/Anilist/Kitsu Lists
- Magit! - Git Text-Based UI
- ProperTree - GUI Plist Editor
- NHCalc - Compute Image NeuralHash
- Does It Arm? - M2 / M3 App Compatibility Chart
- SelfControlApp - Website Blocker
- Typist - Typing Practice
- Comet or OpenArtemis - Reddit Clients
- Sink It - Reddit Enhancement Extension
- Grayscale Mode - Grayscale Control
- macOSicons - Icons
- equinux - OS X Certificate Fix
- Lilu - Kext / Process Patcher
- TopNotch - Remove The Notch
▷ Software Sites
- 🌐 Awesome macOS, OpenSourceApple, Awesome Mac or Awesome OS Apps - FOSS App Indexes
- 🌐 Mac Menu Bar - Menu Bar App Index
- ⭐ Homebrew / GUI, Munki, MacApps or Applite - Package Managers
- AppsTorrent
- Macintosh Garden
- MacBed
- nMac
- Haxmac
- Pure Mac
- Mac Torrents
- MacKed
- InsMac
- MacX
- WebCatalog
- ThriftMac - Freeware
- Sindre Sorhus - Freeware
- Latest - Software Updater
▷ Mac Video
- IINA - Video Player
- Shiru - Anime Torrent Streaming
- Yattee - YouTube Player
- REAL Video Enhancer - Video Upscaling
- Cap / GitHub, Kap or ScreenTimeLapse - Screen Recorders
▷ Mac Audio
- ⭐ SpotX-Bash or Mac_Spotify_Adblock - Spotify Adblockers
- foobar2000 or VOX Mac Music Player - Audio Players
- Silicio - Audio Mini Player
- Alfred Spotify Mini Player - Spotify Mini Player
- SoundSeer - Spotify in Menu Bar
- Nuage - Soundcloud Client
- Garageband - Audio Editor
- EQMac - Audio Equalizer
- The Levelator - Automatic Audio Level Adjustments
- Guitarix - Virtual Guitar Amplifier / Plugins
- XLD - Lossless Audio Transcoder
- BlackHole - Pass Audio to Apps
- Cuterdio - Radio
- Mubert AI - AI Music Radio
- Playlisty - Transfer Apple Music Playlists to Spotify
▷ Mac Images
- Gifski - Image to GIF Converter / GitHub
- Darkroom - Image / Video Editor
- SeaShore - Image Editors
- ImageOptim - Image Optimization
- Perspec - Correct Perspective of Images
- Draw Things - AI Image Drawing Tool
▷ Mac Gaming
- ⭐ Torrminatorr - Mac Games
- ⭐ Whisky - Automated Installer / Wrapper for Game Porting Toolkit + WINE
- ⭐ AppleGamingWiki - Mac Game Fixes / Compatibility
- ⭐ Goldberg - Steam Multiplayer Client Emulator
- SCNLOG - Mac Games
- Mac Source Ports - Run Old Mac Games
- HeroicGamesLauncher or Mythic / Discord - Epic Games Launchers
- Prism43 - Prism Launcher / Unlocker
- NASOS - Gamecube iso.dec to ISO Converter
- cemu.emiyl - CEMU Compatibility List
► Mac Tools
▷ Mac Adblock / Privacy
- 🌐 Awesome OSX Security - Mac Security Resources
- ↪️ Mac 2FA
- ↪️ DNS Adblocking
- ⭐ Malwarebytes, BlockBlock or KnockKnock - Antivirus
- macOS Adblock Guide - Adguard + Safari Adblock Guide
- macOS Privacy Guide - Mac Privacy & Security Guides
- Gas Mask - Block Ads via Host Files
- 1Blocker - DNS Adblocker
- DNS Party - Encrypted DNS Profiles
- AdGuard Safari - AdGuard for Safari
- wBlock or Stay - Safari Adblockers
- Lockdown Privacy - Block Trackers / Ads
- LuLu - Mac Firewall
- Streisand - Mac Proxy Client
- RansomWhere? - Ransomware Blocker
- OverSight - Webcam / Mic Monitor
- SuspiciousPackage - Analyze PKG Files
- Santa - Binary Authorization System
- DHS - Dylib Hijack Scanner
- What's Your Sign? - View File Cryptographic Signatures
- Tracker Zapper - Remove URL Tracking Elements
- LinkLiar - Spoof MAC Address
- Kextviewr - View All Kernel Modules
- mac_apt - Artifact Parsing Tool
- OpenVPN or Passepartout - VPN Tunnel
- MailTrackerBlocker - Privacy-Based Email Client
- Damus - Encrypted Messaging App
▷ Mac Internet
- ⭐ Transmission - Torrent Client
- ⭐ qBittorrent - Torrent Client / Tools
- KeePassXC or Strongbox - Password Managers
- What Route - Network Diagnostic Tool
- ElectronMail - Email Clients
- Browserosaurus - Browser Prompter
- Orion - Browser with Chrome + Firefox Extension Support / Discord
▷ System Tools
- 🌐 AppleDB - Apple Device / Software Info Database
- ⭐ Alfred, Albert, Quicksilver, SOL or Raycast - Keystroke Launchers
- ⭐ CustomShortcuts, Karabiner-Elements or ShortcutKeeper - Custom Keyboard Shortcuts
- ⭐ alt-tab-macos - Alt-Tab for Mac
- Advanced macOS Commands - Advanced Command-Line Tools
- Conky / Colors, eul, Stats, Mission Center or MacFetch - Hardware / System Monitors
- Hot - CPU Monitor
- TaskExplorer - Task Manager / Viewer
- Pearcleaner - System Cleanup / Uninstallers
- BetterDisplay - Display Controller
- DisplayPlacer - Dual Monitor Manager
- kbdlight - Change MacBook Keyboard Backlight Level
- KeyPad - Connect Mac Keyboard to Mobile Devices
- Pinch - Trackpad Pinch to Zoom Gesture
- LinearMouse or MacMouseFix - Mouse Remapping
- Scroll Reverser - Per-Device Scroll Settings
- KeyClu - Shortcut CheatSheet for Current Application
- KeyCastr - Keystroke Visualizer
- MonitorControl - External Monitor Brightness / Volume Control
- BackgroundMusic - Volume Mixer / Auto-Pause
- AlDente - Charging Manager
- BatteryBuddy - Cute Battery Indicator
- AirBattery or CoconutBattery - Device Battery Trackers
- Macs Fan Control - Fan Controller
- Find You - Track Bluetooth Devices
- Touché - Touch Bar Simulator
- Sentinel - SwiftUI Gatekeeper Config GUI / macOS Only
- USBMap - Map macOS USB Ports
- Actions - Additional Shortcuts App Actions
- pock - Touch Bar Widget Manager / GitHub
- Übersicht - System Command Widgets
- Itsycal - Menu Bar Calendar
- Clocker or MeetingBar - Menu Bar Meetings Calendars
- xbar - Manage Menu Bar Items / GitHub
- MacLaunch - Manage Startup Items
- Ice - Menu Bar Manager / GitHub
- OnlySwitch - Menu Bar Toggle Switches
- Sloth - Process Manager
- KeepingYouAwake - Prevent Sleep Mode
- Yabai, Amethyst / GitHub, 1Piece, Loop, AeroSpace, Phoenix or Rectangle - Window Managers
- Maccy, ClipBook, clipboard-history or TRex - Clipboard Managers
- Pictogram, IconSet or IconChamp - Custom App Icons
- Tintd or Manila - Change Folder Colors
- Dynamic Wallpaper Club - Dynamic Wallpaper App
- wallpapper or Equinox - Dynamic Wallpaper Creators
- Plash - Use Website as Wallpaper
- 100 macOS Screensavers - Minimalist Screensavers
- DarkModeBuddy or ThemeKit - System Dark Mode Apps
▷ File Tools
- ⭐ PeaZip, The Unarchiver, unxip or Keka - File Archivers
- ⭐ Readdle - Multipurpose File Tool
- Progress - Show Copied Data Progress
- Bruji - Media Cataloging Software Suite
- Superfile - File Explorer / Managers
- OSXFuse - Mac File Integration
- JDownloader - File Download Manager / Debloat / Dark Theme, 2 / Dracula Theme
- Go Speed - File Download Manager / GitHub / Extension / Plugins
- Progressive Downloader - File Download Manager
- Transnomino or Riffo - Bulk File / Folder Renaming
- FlyingCarpet - Cross-Platform AirDrop / Guide
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-05 05:15:02Crabtree's Framework for Evaluating Human-Centered Research
Picture this: You've spent three weeks conducting qualitative research for a finance app redesign. You carefully recruited 12 participants, conducted in-depth interviews, and identified patterns around financial anxiety and decision paralysis. You're excited to present your findings when the inevitable happens:
"But are these results statistically significant?"
"Just 12 people? How can we make decisions that affect thousands of users based on conversations with just 12 people?"
As UX professionals, we regularly face stakeholders who evaluate our qualitative research using criteria designed for quantitative methods... This misalignment undermines the unique value qualitative research brings to product development.
Continue reading https://uxpsychology.substack.com/p/beyond-numbers-how-to-properly-evaluate
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/971767
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-05-02 20:05:22Du bist recht appetitlich oben anzuschauen, \ doch unten hin die Bestie macht mir Grauen. \ Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Wie wenig bekömmlich sogenannte «Ultra-Processed Foods» wie Fertiggerichte, abgepackte Snacks oder Softdrinks sind, hat kürzlich eine neue Studie untersucht. Derweil kann Fleisch auch wegen des Einsatzes antimikrobieller Mittel in der Massentierhaltung ein Problem darstellen. Internationale Bemühungen, diesen Gebrauch zu reduzieren, um die Antibiotikaresistenz bei Menschen einzudämmen, sind nun möglicherweise gefährdet.
Leider ist Politik oft mindestens genauso unappetitlich und ungesund wie diverse Lebensmittel. Die «Corona-Zeit» und ihre Auswirkungen sind ein beredtes Beispiel. Der Thüringer Landtag diskutiert gerade den Entwurf eines «Coronamaßnahmen-Unrechtsbereinigungsgesetzes» und das kanadische Gesundheitsministerium versucht, tausende Entschädigungsanträge wegen Impfnebenwirkungen mit dem Budget von 75 Millionen Dollar unter einen Hut zu bekommen. In den USA soll die Zulassung von Covid-«Impfstoffen» überdacht werden, während man sich mit China um die Herkunft des Virus streitet.
Wo Corona-Verbrecher von Medien und Justiz gedeckt werden, verfolgt man Aufklärer und Aufdecker mit aller Härte. Der Anwalt und Mitbegründer des Corona-Ausschusses Reiner Fuellmich, der seit Oktober 2023 in Untersuchungshaft sitzt, wurde letzte Woche zu drei Jahren und neun Monaten verurteilt – wegen Veruntreuung. Am Mittwoch teilte der von vielen Impfschadensprozessen bekannte Anwalt Tobias Ulbrich mit, dass er vom Staatsschutz verfolgt wird und sich daher künftig nicht mehr öffentlich äußern werde.
Von der kommenden deutschen Bundesregierung aus Wählerbetrügern, Transatlantikern, Corona-Hardlinern und Russenhassern kann unmöglich eine Verbesserung erwartet werden. Nina Warken beispielsweise, die das Ressort Gesundheit übernehmen soll, diffamierte Maßnahmenkritiker als «Coronaleugner» und forderte eine Impfpflicht, da die wundersamen Injektionen angeblich «nachweislich helfen». Laut dem designierten Außenminister Johann Wadephul wird Russland «für uns immer der Feind» bleiben. Deswegen will er die Ukraine «nicht verlieren lassen» und sieht die Bevölkerung hinter sich, solange nicht deutsche Soldaten dort sterben könnten.
Eine wichtige Personalie ist auch die des künftigen Regierungssprechers. Wenngleich Hebestreit an Arroganz schwer zu überbieten sein wird, dürfte sich die Art der Kommunikation mit Stefan Kornelius in der Sache kaum ändern. Der Politikchef der Süddeutschen Zeitung «prägte den Meinungsjournalismus der SZ» und schrieb «in dieser Rolle auch für die Titel der Tamedia». Allerdings ist, anders als noch vor zehn Jahren, die Einbindung von Journalisten in Thinktanks wie die Deutsche Atlantische Gesellschaft (DAG) ja heute eher eine Empfehlung als ein Problem.
Ungesund ist definitiv auch die totale Digitalisierung, nicht nur im Gesundheitswesen. Lauterbachs Abschiedsgeschenk, die «abgesicherte» elektronische Patientenakte (ePA) ist völlig überraschenderweise direkt nach dem Bundesstart erneut gehackt worden. Norbert Häring kommentiert angesichts der Datenlecks, wer die ePA nicht abwähle, könne seine Gesundheitsdaten ebensogut auf Facebook posten.
Dass die staatlichen Kontrolleure so wenig auf freie Software und dezentrale Lösungen setzen, verdeutlicht die eigentlichen Intentionen hinter der Digitalisierungswut. Um Sicherheit und Souveränität geht es ihnen jedenfalls nicht – sonst gäbe es zum Beispiel mehr Unterstützung für Bitcoin und für Initiativen wie die der Spar-Supermärkte in der Schweiz.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-25 20:06:24Die Wahrheit verletzt tiefer als jede Beleidigung. \ Marquis de Sade
Sagen Sie niemals «Terroristin B.», «Schwachkopf H.», «korrupter Drecksack S.» oder «Meinungsfreiheitshasserin F.» und verkneifen Sie sich Memes, denn so etwas könnte Ihnen als Beleidigung oder Verleumdung ausgelegt werden und rechtliche Konsequenzen haben. Auch mit einer Frau M.-A. S.-Z. ist in dieser Beziehung nicht zu spaßen, sie gehört zu den Top-Anzeigenstellern.
«Politikerbeleidigung» als Straftatbestand wurde 2021 im Kampf gegen «Rechtsextremismus und Hasskriminalität» in Deutschland eingeführt, damals noch unter der Regierung Merkel. Im Gesetz nicht festgehalten ist die Unterscheidung zwischen schlechter Hetze und guter Hetze – trotzdem ist das gängige Praxis, wie der Titel fast schon nahelegt.
So dürfen Sie als Politikerin heute den Tesla als «Nazi-Auto» bezeichnen und dies ausdrücklich auf den Firmengründer Elon Musk und dessen «rechtsextreme Positionen» beziehen, welche Sie nicht einmal belegen müssen. [1] Vielleicht ernten Sie Proteste, jedoch vorrangig wegen der «gut bezahlten, unbefristeten Arbeitsplätze» in Brandenburg. Ihren Tweet hat die Berliner Senatorin Cansel Kiziltepe inzwischen offenbar dennoch gelöscht.
Dass es um die Meinungs- und Pressefreiheit in der Bundesrepublik nicht mehr allzu gut bestellt ist, befürchtet man inzwischen auch schon im Ausland. Der Fall des Journalisten David Bendels, der kürzlich wegen eines Faeser-Memes zu sieben Monaten Haft auf Bewährung verurteilt wurde, führte in diversen Medien zu Empörung. Die Welt versteckte ihre Kritik mit dem Titel «Ein Urteil wie aus einer Diktatur» hinter einer Bezahlschranke.
Unschöne, heutzutage vielleicht strafbare Kommentare würden mir auch zu einigen anderen Themen und Akteuren einfallen. Ein Kandidat wäre der deutsche Bundesgesundheitsminister (ja, er ist es tatsächlich immer noch). Während sich in den USA auf dem Gebiet etwas bewegt und zum Beispiel Robert F. Kennedy Jr. will, dass die Gesundheitsbehörde (CDC) keine Covid-Impfungen für Kinder mehr empfiehlt, möchte Karl Lauterbach vor allem das Corona-Lügengebäude vor dem Einsturz bewahren.
«Ich habe nie geglaubt, dass die Impfungen nebenwirkungsfrei sind», sagte Lauterbach jüngst der ZDF-Journalistin Sarah Tacke. Das steht in krassem Widerspruch zu seiner früher verbreiteten Behauptung, die Gen-Injektionen hätten keine Nebenwirkungen. Damit entlarvt er sich selbst als Lügner. Die Bezeichnung ist absolut berechtigt, dieser Mann dürfte keinerlei politische Verantwortung tragen und das Verhalten verlangt nach einer rechtlichen Überprüfung. Leider ist ja die Justiz anderweitig beschäftigt und hat außerdem selbst keine weiße Weste.
Obendrein kämpfte der Herr Minister für eine allgemeine Impfpflicht. Er beschwor dabei das Schließen einer «Impflücke», wie es die Weltgesundheitsorganisation – die «wegen Trump» in finanziellen Schwierigkeiten steckt – bis heute tut. Die WHO lässt aktuell ihre «Europäische Impfwoche» propagieren, bei der interessanterweise von Covid nicht mehr groß die Rede ist.
Einen «Klima-Leugner» würden manche wohl Nir Shaviv nennen, das ist ja nicht strafbar. Der Astrophysiker weist nämlich die Behauptung von einer Klimakrise zurück. Gemäß seiner Forschung ist mindestens die Hälfte der Erderwärmung nicht auf menschliche Emissionen, sondern auf Veränderungen im Sonnenverhalten zurückzuführen.
Das passt vielleicht auch den «Klima-Hysterikern» der britischen Regierung ins Konzept, die gerade Experimente zur Verdunkelung der Sonne angekündigt haben. Produzenten von Kunstfleisch oder Betreiber von Insektenfarmen würden dagegen vermutlich die Geschichte vom fatalen CO2 bevorzugen. Ihnen würde es besser passen, wenn der verantwortungsvolle Erdenbürger sein Verhalten gründlich ändern müsste.
In unserer völlig verkehrten Welt, in der praktisch jede Verlautbarung außerhalb der abgesegneten Narrative potenziell strafbar sein kann, gehört fast schon Mut dazu, Dinge offen anzusprechen. Im «besten Deutschland aller Zeiten» glaubten letztes Jahr nur noch 40 Prozent der Menschen, ihre Meinung frei äußern zu können. Das ist ein Armutszeugnis, und es sieht nicht gerade nach Besserung aus. Umso wichtiger ist es, dagegen anzugehen.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
--- Quellen: ---
[1] Zur Orientierung wenigstens ein paar Hinweise zur NS-Vergangenheit deutscher Automobilhersteller:
- Volkswagen
- Porsche
- Daimler-Benz
- BMW
- Audi
- Opel
- Heute: «Auto-Werke für die Rüstung? Rheinmetall prüft Übernahmen»
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 23:54:13► AI Chatbots
- Note - It's never a good idea to upload personal / confidential files or info to any cloud AI, as many train on your questions and code. If you want privacy, its best to run bots yourself locally, and remember to use throwaway emails or aliasing if signing up for bots.
▷ Online Chatbots
- 🌐 Free LLM API Resources or Awesome Free ChatGPT - Online LLM Indexes
- ⭐ AI Studio or Gemini - Gemini-2.5-pro-preview-05-06 / Flash Preview / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ ChatGPT - GPT-4o / o4-mini (medium) Chatbot / /r/OpenAI / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ Qwen - Alibaba's Chatbots / Qwen3-235B-A22B / Qwen3-32B
- ⭐ DeepSeek - R1 + DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Unlimited / Subreddit / GitHub
- ⭐ Grok - X.com Chatbot / Grok 2 (30 Hourly) / Grok 3 (12 Per Two Hours) / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ Microsoft Copilot - GPT-4o / OpenAI o3-Mini-High / No Sign-Up
- ⭐ Chatbot Arena - Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ Mistral - Mistral Large 2411 / Discord
- ⭐ HuggingChat - DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B / Qwen QwQ-32B / Qwen3-235B-A22B / Multiple Open-Source Chatbots / GitHub
- Claude - Claude 3.7 Sonnet / Phone # Required / Usage Tracker / Subreddit / Discord
- DuckDuckGo AI - Multiple Chatbots / o3-Mini / No Sign-Up
- ChatK or lobe.wr.do / Discord / GitHub - GPT-4o / DeepSeek-R1-32b / Multiple Chatbots
- AI Assistant - Deepseek-R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up
- AI SDK - Multiple Chatbots / GitHub
- GizAI - Multiple Chatbots
- FreePass or OI - Multiple Chatbots
- SciSpace (No Sign-Up), Scinito or Elicit / GitHub - Research Paper Chatbots
- Learn About - Google's Educational Search AI
- HelixMind - Multiple Chatbots / Discord
- Infermatic - Multiple Chatbots / Discord
- Electron Hub - Deepseek-R1 / o3-Mini-High / Multiple Chatbots / Discord
- NexusAI - GPT-4o / Deepseek-R1 / o3-Mini-High / 300 Daily Discord
- NVIDIA NIM - Deepseek-R1 / Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up
- OIChat - Gemini-2.5-Pro-Exp-03-25 / DeepSeek R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Multiple Chatbots
- Kimi - Kimi 1.5 Chatbot
- Groq - Qwen QwQ-32B / Deepseek-R1-Distill / Multiple Chatbots / Discord
- SambaNova - Deepseek-R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Multiple Chatbots / Enter Fake Info
- Lambda Chat - Deepseek-R1 / Multiple Chatbots / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
- Maisa - Vinci KPU Chatbot
- Meta AI - Llama 4 Chatbot
- Baidu Chat - Baidu's Chatbot / Phone # Required
- MiniMax AI - Deepseek-R1 / MiniMax-Text-01 Chatbot w/ Large Token Context Window / GitHub
- Pi - Inflection AI's Chatbot
- Reka - Reka's Chatbot / Discord
- Poe - Multiple Chatbots / 150 Daily / Phone # Required / Discord
- PrivateGPT / Discord / GitHub, NotebookLM, Onyx / Discord / GitHub or DocsGPT / Discord / GitHub - Document Chatbots / Note-Taking
▷ AI Search Engines
- 🌐 Awesome AI Web Search - AI Search Engine Index
- ⭐ Scira - Claude Sonnet 3.7 / Grok 3 / Mistral Small 3.1 / Optimus Alpha / AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
- ⭐ Perplexity - AI Search Engine / Enhancements / Open Source Models / Discord
- ⭐ WolframAlpha - Searchable Knowledge Base / No Sign-Up / Mobile
- ⭐ You - AI Search Engine / Sign-Up Required / Discord / GitHub
- Hyperspace - P2P AI Network / No Sign-Up / Web App, 2 / GitHub
- Phind - Llama Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Morphic - GPT-4o-mini AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Komo - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
- Jina - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
- Felo - AI Search Engine / AI Agents / No Sign-Up
- searc.ai - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
- RabbitHoles - Mind Map Style Search / Discord / GitHub
- Isou.chat - Deepseek-R1-Distill / Qwen 2.5 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
- Hika - Deepseek-R1 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Khoj - Gemini-2.0-Flash AI Search Engine / AI Agents / Sign-Up Required / Discord / GitHub
- AyeSoul - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
- Venice - LLama 3 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
- uncovr - GPT-4o-mini / Gemini-2.0-Flash AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Exa - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Lepton Search - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
- Perplexica - AI Search Engine / Self-Hosted / Discord
▷ Self-Hosting Tools
- ⭐ Jan - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ SillyTavern - Self-Hosted Interface / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
- ⭐ Open WebUI - Self-Hosted Interface / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ llama.cpp - Self-Hosted Transformer-Based LLMs / Guide
- ⭐ KoboldCpp - llama.cpp with API + GUI / ROCm / Colab
- ⭐ Pinokio - Single Click AI Model Installer / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ oobabooga - Self-Host Models / Colab / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ Aphrodite Engine - Serve LLMs at Scale with Kobold & OpenAI APIs / Colab / GitHub
- Petals - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- Leon - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- Ollama - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- tgpt - Self-Hosted
- LoLLMs Web UI - Self-Hosted / Discord
- LM Studio - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- AnythingLLM - Self-Hosted
- LibreChat - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
- GPT4All - Self-Hosted / GitHub / Discord
- llamafile - Run LLM with Single Files / Discord
▷ Roleplaying Chatbots
- 🌐 Sukino-Findings - AI Roleplay Resources
- 🌐 BestERP - Roleplaying LLM Lists
- ⭐ PygmalionAI - Self-Hosted Roleplaying Models / Resources / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
- ⭐ Character.AI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Extract / Discord / Subreddit
- ⭐ FlowGPT - Roleplaying Chatbots / Some NSFW / Discord
- ⭐ Bot Creation Guide - Character Creation Guide
- ⭐ Chub - Character Cards / Some NSFW / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
- Llama + SillyTavern - Llama + SillyTavern Roleplaying Setup Guide / No Sign-Up
- KoboldAI - GUI for Roleplaying Chatbots / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
- 4thWall AI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Discord / Subreddit
- WyvernChat - Roleplaying Chatbots
- JanitorAI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Some NSFW
- FictionLab - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / Discord
- TavernAI - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / Colab / Discord / GitHub
- AI Dungeon - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / No Sign-Up / Subreddit / Discord
- Spellbound - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Kajiwoto, Miku (No Sign-Up) / Discord or Agnai / Discord - Chatbot Builders
- Crossing the Uncanny Valley - Realistic AI Voice Chat
- HammerAI - Self-Hosted Roleplaying Chatbots
▷ Coding AIs
- 🌐 EvalPlus Leaderboard / GitHub, WebDev Arena, Aider LLM Leaderboards or Big Code Models Leaderboard - Coding AI Leaderboards
- 🌐 Awesome AI Agents - Coding / Programming AIs / Discord
- ⭐ Windsurf - Coding AI / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ Pieces - Multi-LLM Coding AI / GPT-4 / 4o for Free / No Sign-Up / Discord
- WDTCD? - Simple Code Explanations / No Sign-Up
- Sourcery - Auto-Pull Request Reviews / GitHub
- Devv - Coding Search Engine / GitHub
- Telosys - Code Generator / No Sign-Up / Source Code
- Llama Coder - Code Generator / No Sign-Up / GitHub
- imgcook - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / GitHub
- Supermaven - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Cody - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
- OpenHands - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
- Continue - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
- GitHub Copilot - Coding AI
- Trae - Coding AI
- Cline - Coding AI / Discord
- Cursor - Coding AI
- GitWit - Coding AI
- Qodo - Coding AI
- Blackbox - Coding AI / No Sign-Up
- Denigma - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Aider - Terminal Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
- Codacy - Code Fixing AI / GitHub
- Open Interpreter - Run Code Locally / No Sign-Up / Discord
- v0 - Text to Site Code / Discord
- DeepSite - Text to Site Code
- Bolt.new - Web App Builder / Discord / GitHub
- Fragments - App Builder / Discord / GitHub
- Composio - Add Tools to Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
► AI Tools
- 🌐 sindresorhus's Awesome ChatGPT or Awesome ChatGPT - AI Resources
- 🌐 Every ChatGPT GUI - ChatGPT GUI Index
- ↪️ AI API Tools
- tldraw computer - Create Component Workflows to Generate or Transform Data / Discord / GitHub
- ChatGPT Box or KeepChatGPT - Extensions
- LLM - LLM CLI / Discord / GitHub
- GPT4Free - Desktop App / Telegram
- Msty - Desktop App / Discord
- LobeChat - Desktop App / Discord / GitHub
- Noi - Desktop App / Discord / GitHub
- Chatbot UI - Desktop App / GitHub
- ChatRTX - Desktop App / RTX 30+ Series GPU Only
- ChatPDF (No Sign-Up) or AskYourPDF - Turn Books / PDFs into Chatbots
- ChatGPT DeMod - Block ChatGPT Moderation Checks
- ParallelGPT - Data Processing AI / Discord
- Concierge - Connect Apps to AI
- MassiveMark - Convert LLM Chats to DOCX / Discord
- ChatGPT Widescreen - ChatGPT Widescreen / Fullscreen / GitHub
- Voice Control - ChatGPT Voice Control
- screenpipe - AI Screen Recorder / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
- ChatGPT Exporter - Export Chats / GitHub
- GPThemes - ChatGPT Themes
- LLM Model VRAM Calculator - LLM Requirement Calculators
- AI Piracy Resources - AI Piracy Guide / Resources
▷ AI Prompts
- Note - Bypassing chatbot safeguards (aka jailbreaking) is against the TOS of most AI, so use them at your own risk.
- 🌐 Jailbreak Listings - Prompt / Jailbreak Lists
- ⭐ BlackFriday GPTs Prompts - Prompt Directory
- ⭐ Leaked Prompts - Prompt Directory
- ⭐ Prompt Engineering Guide / Discord / GitHub, Google Whitepaper, Prompt_Engineering, LearnPrompting, OpenAI Guide or Claude Guide - Prompting Guides
- /r/ChatGPTJailbreak - AI Jailbreak Community
- ChatGPT System Prompt - Prompt Directory
- The Big Prompt Library - Prompt Directory
- ChatGPT & Bing AI Prompts - Prompt Directory
- L1B3RT4S - Jailbreak Prompts / Discord / X
- promptfoo - Prompt Playgrounds / Discord / GitHub
- Tensor Trust / GitHub or Gandalf / GitHub - Prompting Skill Games
- RedTeam Arena - AI Jailbreak Game
- Gobble Bot - Generate Text Files for Chatbots
► AI Indexes
- 🌐 LifeArchitect - LLM Index
- 🌐 FutureTools - AI Directory / Discord
- 🌐 Google Labs or Google Labs FX - Google AI Experiments / Subreddit / Discord
- Perchance / Discord or WebSim / Subreddit / Discord - Simple AI Builders
- YP for AI - AI Directory
- LLM Resources Hub - AI Directory
- Awesome AI Tools - AI Directory
- It's Better With AI - AI Directory
- GPT Demo - AI Directory
- ArtificialStudio - Multi-Tool Browser AIs / Discord
- LLM Pricing - LLM Pricing Index
- Model Releases - Upcoming Model Releases
▷ AI Benchmarks
- ⭐ Artificial Analysis - Chatbot Benchmarks
- ⭐ Chatbot Arena - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ LiveBench - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks / GitHub
- SEAL LLM Leaderboards - Chatbot Leaderboards
- WildBench - Chatbot Benchmarks / GitHub
- Wolfram LLM Benchmarking Project - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks
- ZeroEval - Chatbot Leaderboard / GitHub
- LLM Stats - Chatbot Leaderboard
- OpenLM Arena - Chatbot Leaderboard
- The Fastest AI - Chatbot Latency Speeds / GitHub
- OpenRouter - Chatbot Popularity Rankings / Discord / GitHub
- Open VLM Leaderboard - VLM Benchmark Leaderboard Aggregator
- MathArena - AI Mathematics Competitions / Benchmarks
- AI Elo - AI Game Competitions / Benchmarks
► Text Generators
- ⭐ TextFX / GitHub or Rytr - AI Creative Writing Tools / No Sign-Up
- Scrip AI (No Sign-Up), INK, QuickPen AI - Online AI Text Tools
- NovelAI - Story Writing AI / No Sign-Up / Limit Bypass, 2 / Discord
- Dreamily - Story Writing AI
- PerchanceStory - Story Writing AI
- Quarkle - AI Writing Assistant
▷ Text Rephrasing
▷ Grammar Check
► Video Generation
- 🌐 VBench - Video Generation Model Leaderboard
- ⭐ PixVerse - 1 Daily / Discord
- AI Studio / Subreddit / Discord
- Synthesis Colab - Unlimited / Colab / Discord
- Stable Video
- Vidu - 6 Monthly / Discord
- Genmo - 30 Monthly / GitHub
- Stable Diffusion Videos - Unlimited / Colab
- Wan AI / 10 Daily
- Dream Machine - 5 per Account / Discord
- LensGo - 5 Daily / Discord
- Kling AI - 8 Monthly / Discord
- Pika - 5 Monthly / Discord
- Dreamina - 150 Monthly
- Qwen - 10 Daily
- Krea - 2 Daily / Discord
- Hailuo Free - Unlimited
- Hailuo AI - 3 Daily / Discord
- Fusion Brain - Unlimited
- Vivago - 1 Daily
- ChatGLM - Unlimited / Requires Sign-Up & Phone # / SMS Generators Work
- Eggnog - AI Character Video Remixer + Editor
► Image Generation
- ⭐ NexusAI Image / 300 Daily Per Model / Discord
- ⭐ Mage / Discord
- ⭐ ImageFX or Gemini - Imagen 3 / Unlimited / Region Based / Discord
- ⭐ ComfyUI Online / Unlimited
- ⭐ Grok / 25 Per 2 Hours / Subreddit / Discord
- FLUX.1 Dev / No Sign-Up
- Dezgo / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Fusion Brain, 2 / Unlimited / Telegram Bot
- Microsoft Designer, 2 / Unlimited
- Kling AI / 366 Monthly / Characters / Portraits / Discord
- AI Gallery / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
- Wan AI / 100 Daily / No Sign-Up
- PicLumen / 50 Daily / Discord
- Recraft / 50 Daily / Discord
- imgsys / Unlimited / Compare Generators / No Sign-Up
- NVIDIA NIM / 50 Daily / No Sign-Up
- Hotpot / 75 Daily / No Sign-Up
- Prodia / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Pollinations / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
- PicSynth / Unlimited
- Leonardo / 150 Daily
- Loras / Unlimited / GitHub
- ChatGLM / Unlimited
- Meta AI / Unlimited
- Playground / 15 Per 3 Hours
- TensorArt / 40 Daily / Subreddit / Discord
- Shakker / 50 Daily / Discord / Guide
- Stable Diffusion / Unlimited / GitHub / Discord
- Unstable Diffusion / 52 Daily
- SeaArt / 40 Daily / Discord
- Art Genie / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
- Raphael / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Uses Flux.1
- CGDream / 770 SDXL / 450 Fast FLUX / 150 FLUX Dev Monthly
- Hailuo AI - 100 Daily / Discord
- PixNova AI / Unlimited
- ChatK / Unlimited
- Reve Image / 20 Daily
- Baidu Chat / Phone # Required
- ImageLabs / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
- Qwen / Unlimited
- AIGazou / Unlimited
- Dreamina / 50 Daily
- Perchance, 2 / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
- getimg.ai / 100 Monthly / Discord
- Adobe Firefly / 25 Monthly / Discord
- Aitubo / 25 Daily / Discord
- Poe / 2-15 Daily / Phone # Required / Discord
- Maze Guru / 12 Daily / Discord
- DALL·E - 6 Daily / ChatGPTs Image Generator
- PixAI / 5 Daily / Discord
- FluxPro / 1 Daily / Discord
- Glif / 20 Daily / No Sign-Up / Discord
- Vivago / 15 Daily / No Sign-Up
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-
@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-20 19:54:32Es ist völlig unbestritten, dass der Angriff der russischen Armee auf die Ukraine im Februar 2022 strikt zu verurteilen ist. Ebenso unbestritten ist Russland unter Wladimir Putin keine brillante Demokratie. Aus diesen Tatsachen lässt sich jedoch nicht das finstere Bild des russischen Präsidenten – und erst recht nicht des Landes – begründen, das uns durchweg vorgesetzt wird und den Kern des aktuellen europäischen Bedrohungs-Szenarios darstellt. Da müssen wir schon etwas genauer hinschauen.
Der vorliegende Artikel versucht derweil nicht, den Einsatz von Gewalt oder die Verletzung von Menschenrechten zu rechtfertigen oder zu entschuldigen – ganz im Gegenteil. Dass jedoch der Verdacht des «Putinverstehers» sofort latent im Raume steht, verdeutlicht, was beim Thema «Russland» passiert: Meinungsmache und Manipulation.
Angesichts der mentalen Mobilmachung seitens Politik und Medien sowie des Bestrebens, einen bevorstehenden Krieg mit Russland geradezu herbeizureden, ist es notwendig, dieser fatalen Entwicklung entgegenzutreten. Wenn wir uns nur ein wenig von der herrschenden Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei freimachen, tauchen automatisch Fragen auf, die Risse im offiziellen Narrativ enthüllen. Grund genug, nachzuhaken.
Wer sich schon länger auch abseits der Staats- und sogenannten Leitmedien informiert, der wird in diesem Artikel vermutlich nicht viel Neues erfahren. Andere könnten hier ein paar unbekannte oder vergessene Aspekte entdecken. Möglicherweise klärt sich in diesem Kontext die Wahrnehmung der aktuellen (unserer eigenen!) Situation ein wenig.
Manipulation erkennen
Corona-«Pandemie», menschengemachter Klimawandel oder auch Ukraine-Krieg: Jede Menge Krisen, und für alle gibt es ein offizielles Narrativ, dessen Hinterfragung unerwünscht ist. Nun ist aber ein Narrativ einfach eine Erzählung, eine Geschichte (Latein: «narratio») und kein Tatsachenbericht. Und so wie ein Märchen soll auch das Narrativ eine Botschaft vermitteln.
Über die Methoden der Manipulation ist viel geschrieben worden, sowohl in Bezug auf das Individuum als auch auf die Massen. Sehr wertvolle Tipps dazu, wie man Manipulationen durchschauen kann, gibt ein Büchlein [1] von Albrecht Müller, dem Herausgeber der NachDenkSeiten.
Die Sprache selber eignet sich perfekt für die Manipulation. Beispielsweise kann die Wortwahl Bewertungen mitschwingen lassen, regelmäßiges Wiederholen (gerne auch von verschiedenen Seiten) lässt Dinge irgendwann «wahr» erscheinen, Übertreibungen fallen auf und hinterlassen wenigstens eine Spur im Gedächtnis, genauso wie Andeutungen. Belege spielen dabei keine Rolle.
Es gibt auffällig viele Sprachregelungen, die offenbar irgendwo getroffen und irgendwie koordiniert werden. Oder alle Redenschreiber und alle Medien kopieren sich neuerdings permanent gegenseitig. Welchen Zweck hat es wohl, wenn der Krieg in der Ukraine durchgängig und quasi wörtlich als «russischer Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine» bezeichnet wird? Obwohl das in der Sache richtig ist, deutet die Art der Verwendung auf gezielte Beeinflussung hin und soll vor allem das Feindbild zementieren.
Sprachregelungen dienen oft der Absicherung einer einseitigen Darstellung. Das Gleiche gilt für das Verkürzen von Informationen bis hin zum hartnäckigen Verschweigen ganzer Themenbereiche. Auch hierfür gibt es rund um den Ukraine-Konflikt viele gute Beispiele.
Das gewünschte Ergebnis solcher Methoden ist eine Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei, bei der einer eindeutig als «der Böse» markiert ist und die anderen automatisch «die Guten» sind. Das ist praktisch und demonstriert gleichzeitig ein weiteres Manipulationswerkzeug: die Verwendung von Doppelstandards. Wenn man es schafft, bei wichtigen Themen regelmäßig mit zweierlei Maß zu messen, ohne dass das Publikum protestiert, dann hat man freie Bahn.
Experten zu bemühen, um bestimmte Sachverhalte zu erläutern, ist sicher sinnvoll, kann aber ebenso missbraucht werden, schon allein durch die Auswahl der jeweiligen Spezialisten. Seit «Corona» werden viele erfahrene und ehemals hoch angesehene Fachleute wegen der «falschen Meinung» diffamiert und gecancelt. [2] Das ist nicht nur ein brutaler Umgang mit Menschen, sondern auch eine extreme Form, die öffentliche Meinung zu steuern.
Wann immer wir also erkennen (weil wir aufmerksam waren), dass wir bei einem bestimmten Thema manipuliert werden, dann sind zwei logische und notwendige Fragen: Warum? Und was ist denn richtig? In unserem Russland-Kontext haben die Antworten darauf viel mit Geopolitik und Geschichte zu tun.
Ist Russland aggressiv und expansiv?
Angeblich plant Russland, europäische NATO-Staaten anzugreifen, nach dem Motto: «Zuerst die Ukraine, dann den Rest». In Deutschland weiß man dafür sogar das Datum: «Wir müssen bis 2029 kriegstüchtig sein», versichert Verteidigungsminister Pistorius.
Historisch gesehen ist es allerdings eher umgekehrt: Russland, bzw. die Sowjetunion, ist bereits dreimal von Westeuropa aus militärisch angegriffen worden. Die Feldzüge Napoleons, des deutschen Kaiserreichs und Nazi-Deutschlands haben Millionen Menschen das Leben gekostet. Bei dem ausdrücklichen Vernichtungskrieg ab 1941 kam es außerdem zu Brutalitäten wie der zweieinhalbjährigen Belagerung Leningrads (heute St. Petersburg) durch Hitlers Wehrmacht. Deren Ziel, die Bevölkerung auszuhungern, wurde erreicht: über eine Million tote Zivilisten.
Trotz dieser Erfahrungen stimmte Michail Gorbatschow 1990 der deutschen Wiedervereinigung zu und die Sowjetunion zog ihre Truppen aus Osteuropa zurück (vgl. Abb. 1). Der Warschauer Pakt wurde aufgelöst, der Kalte Krieg formell beendet. Die Sowjets erhielten damals von führenden westlichen Politikern die Zusicherung, dass sich die NATO «keinen Zentimeter ostwärts» ausdehnen würde, das ist dokumentiert. [3]
Expandiert ist die NATO trotzdem, und zwar bis an Russlands Grenzen (vgl. Abb. 2). Laut dem Politikberater Jeffrey Sachs handelt es sich dabei um ein langfristiges US-Projekt, das von Anfang an die Ukraine und Georgien mit einschloss. Offiziell wurde der Beitritt beiden Staaten 2008 angeboten. In jedem Fall könnte die massive Ost-Erweiterung seit 1999 aus russischer Sicht nicht nur als Vertrauensbruch, sondern durchaus auch als aggressiv betrachtet werden.
Russland hat den europäischen Staaten mehrfach die Hand ausgestreckt [4] für ein friedliches Zusammenleben und den «Aufbau des europäischen Hauses». Präsident Putin sei «in seiner ersten Amtszeit eine Chance für Europa» gewesen, urteilt die Journalistin und langjährige Russland-Korrespondentin der ARD, Gabriele Krone-Schmalz. Er habe damals viele positive Signale Richtung Westen gesendet.
Die Europäer jedoch waren scheinbar an einer Partnerschaft mit dem kontinentalen Nachbarn weniger interessiert als an der mit dem transatlantischen Hegemon. Sie verkennen bis heute, dass eine gedeihliche Zusammenarbeit in Eurasien eine Gefahr für die USA und deren bekundetes Bestreben ist, die «einzige Weltmacht» zu sein – «Full Spectrum Dominance» [5] nannte das Pentagon das. Statt einem neuen Kalten Krieg entgegenzuarbeiten, ließen sich europäische Staaten selber in völkerrechtswidrige «US-dominierte Angriffskriege» [6] verwickeln, wie in Serbien, Afghanistan, dem Irak, Libyen oder Syrien. Diese werden aber selten so benannt.
Speziell den Deutschen stünde außer einer Portion Realismus auch etwas mehr Dankbarkeit gut zu Gesicht. Das Geschichtsbewusstsein der Mehrheit scheint doch recht selektiv und das Selbstbewusstsein einiger etwas desorientiert zu sein. Bekanntermaßen waren es die Soldaten der sowjetischen Roten Armee, die unter hohen Opfern 1945 Deutschland «vom Faschismus befreit» haben. Bei den Gedenkfeiern zu 80 Jahren Kriegsende will jedoch das Auswärtige Amt – noch unter der Diplomatie-Expertin Baerbock, die sich schon länger offiziell im Krieg mit Russland wähnt, – nun keine Russen sehen: Sie sollen notfalls rausgeschmissen werden.
«Die Grundsatzfrage lautet: Geht es Russland um einen angemessenen Platz in einer globalen Sicherheitsarchitektur, oder ist Moskau schon seit langem auf einem imperialistischen Trip, der befürchten lassen muss, dass die Russen in fünf Jahren in Berlin stehen?»
So bringt Gabriele Krone-Schmalz [7] die eigentliche Frage auf den Punkt, die zur Einschätzung der Situation letztlich auch jeder für sich beantworten muss.
Was ist los in der Ukraine?
In der internationalen Politik geht es nie um Demokratie oder Menschenrechte, sondern immer um Interessen von Staaten. Diese These stammt von Egon Bahr, einem der Architekten der deutschen Ostpolitik des «Wandels durch Annäherung» aus den 1960er und 70er Jahren. Sie trifft auch auf den Ukraine-Konflikt zu, den handfeste geostrategische und wirtschaftliche Interessen beherrschen, obwohl dort angeblich «unsere Demokratie» verteidigt wird.
Es ist ein wesentliches Element des Ukraine-Narrativs und Teil der Manipulation, die Vorgeschichte des Krieges wegzulassen – mindestens die vor der russischen «Annexion» der Halbinsel Krim im März 2014, aber oft sogar komplett diejenige vor der Invasion Ende Februar 2022. Das Thema ist komplex, aber einige Aspekte, die für eine Beurteilung nicht unwichtig sind, will ich wenigstens kurz skizzieren. [8]
Das Gebiet der heutigen Ukraine und Russlands – die übrigens in der «Kiewer Rus» gemeinsame Wurzeln haben – hat der britische Geostratege Halford Mackinder bereits 1904 als eurasisches «Heartland» bezeichnet, dessen Kontrolle er eine große Bedeutung für die imperiale Strategie Großbritanniens zumaß. Für den ehemaligen Sicherheits- und außenpolitischen Berater mehrerer US-amerikanischer Präsidenten und Mitgründer der Trilateralen Kommission, Zbigniew Brzezinski, war die Ukraine nach der Auflösung der Sowjetunion ein wichtiger Spielstein auf dem «eurasischen Schachbrett», wegen seiner Nähe zu Russland, seiner Bodenschätze und seines Zugangs zum Schwarzen Meer.
Die Ukraine ist seit langem ein gespaltenes Land. Historisch zerrissen als Spielball externer Interessen und geprägt von ethnischen, kulturellen, religiösen und geografischen Unterschieden existiert bis heute, grob gesagt, eine Ost-West-Spaltung, welche die Suche nach einer nationalen Identität stark erschwert.
Insbesondere im Zuge der beiden Weltkriege sowie der Russischen Revolution entstanden tiefe Risse in der Bevölkerung. Ukrainer kämpften gegen Ukrainer, zum Beispiel die einen auf der Seite von Hitlers faschistischer Nazi-Armee und die anderen auf der von Stalins kommunistischer Roter Armee. Die Verbrechen auf beiden Seiten sind nicht vergessen. Dass nach der Unabhängigkeit 1991 versucht wurde, Figuren wie den radikalen Nationalisten Symon Petljura oder den Faschisten und Nazi-Kollaborateur Stepan Bandera als «Nationalhelden» zu installieren, verbessert die Sache nicht.
Während die USA und EU-Staaten zunehmend «ausländische Einmischung» (speziell russische) in «ihre Demokratien» wittern, betreiben sie genau dies seit Jahrzehnten in vielen Ländern der Welt. Die seit den 2000er Jahren bekannten «Farbrevolutionen» in Osteuropa werden oft als Methode des Regierungsumsturzes durch von außen gesteuerte «demokratische» Volksaufstände beschrieben. Diese Strategie geht auf Analysen zum «Schwarmverhalten» [9] seit den 1960er Jahren zurück (Studentenproteste), wo es um die potenzielle Wirksamkeit einer «rebellischen Hysterie» von Jugendlichen bei postmodernen Staatsstreichen geht. Heute nennt sich dieses gezielte Kanalisieren der Massen zur Beseitigung unkooperativer Regierungen «Soft-Power».
In der Ukraine gab es mit der «Orangen Revolution» 2004 und dem «Euromaidan» 2014 gleich zwei solcher «Aufstände». Der erste erzwang wegen angeblicher Unregelmäßigkeiten eine Wiederholung der Wahlen, was mit Wiktor Juschtschenko als neuem Präsidenten endete. Dieser war ehemaliger Direktor der Nationalbank und Befürworter einer Annäherung an EU und NATO. Seine Frau, die First Lady, ist US-amerikanische «Philanthropin» und war Beamtin im Weißen Haus in der Reagan- und der Bush-Administration.
Im Gegensatz zu diesem ersten Event endete der sogenannte Euromaidan unfriedlich und blutig. Die mehrwöchigen Proteste gegen Präsident Wiktor Janukowitsch, in Teilen wegen des nicht unterzeichneten Assoziierungsabkommens mit der EU, wurden zunehmend gewalttätiger und von Nationalisten und Faschisten des «Rechten Sektors» dominiert. Sie mündeten Ende Februar 2014 auf dem Kiewer Unabhängigkeitsplatz (Maidan) in einem Massaker durch Scharfschützen. Dass deren Herkunft und die genauen Umstände nicht geklärt wurden, störte die Medien nur wenig. [10]
Janukowitsch musste fliehen, er trat nicht zurück. Vielmehr handelte es sich um einen gewaltsamen, allem Anschein nach vom Westen inszenierten Putsch. Laut Jeffrey Sachs war das kein Geheimnis, außer vielleicht für die Bürger. Die USA unterstützten die Post-Maidan-Regierung nicht nur, sie beeinflussten auch ihre Bildung. Das geht unter anderem aus dem berühmten «Fuck the EU»-Telefonat der US-Chefdiplomatin für die Ukraine, Victoria Nuland, mit Botschafter Geoffrey Pyatt hervor.
Dieser Bruch der demokratischen Verfassung war letztlich der Auslöser für die anschließenden Krisen auf der Krim und im Donbass (Ostukraine). Angesichts der ukrainischen Geschichte mussten die nationalistischen Tendenzen und die Beteiligung der rechten Gruppen an dem Umsturz bei der russigsprachigen Bevölkerung im Osten ungute Gefühle auslösen. Es gab Kritik an der Übergangsregierung, Befürworter einer Abspaltung und auch für einen Anschluss an Russland.
Ebenso konnte Wladimir Putin in dieser Situation durchaus Bedenken wegen des Status der russischen Militärbasis für seine Schwarzmeerflotte in Sewastopol auf der Krim haben, für die es einen langfristigen Pachtvertrag mit der Ukraine gab. Was im März 2014 auf der Krim stattfand, sei keine Annexion, sondern eine Abspaltung (Sezession) nach einem Referendum gewesen, also keine gewaltsame Aneignung, urteilte der Rechtswissenschaftler Reinhard Merkel in der FAZ sehr detailliert begründet. Übrigens hatte die Krim bereits zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion den Status einer autonomen Republik innerhalb der Ukrainischen SSR.
Anfang April 2014 wurden in der Ostukraine die «Volksrepubliken» Donezk und Lugansk ausgerufen. Die Kiewer Übergangsregierung ging unter der Bezeichnung «Anti-Terror-Operation» (ATO) militärisch gegen diesen, auch von Russland instrumentalisierten Widerstand vor. Zufällig war kurz zuvor CIA-Chef John Brennan in Kiew. Die Maßnahmen gingen unter dem seit Mai neuen ukrainischen Präsidenten, dem Milliardär Petro Poroschenko, weiter. Auch Wolodymyr Selenskyj beendete den Bürgerkrieg nicht, als er 2019 vom Präsidenten-Schauspieler, der Oligarchen entmachtet, zum Präsidenten wurde. Er fuhr fort, die eigene Bevölkerung zu bombardieren.
Mit dem Einmarsch russischer Truppen in die Ostukraine am 24. Februar 2022 begann die zweite Phase des Krieges. Die Wochen und Monate davor waren intensiv. Im November hatte die Ukraine mit den USA ein Abkommen über eine «strategische Partnerschaft» unterzeichnet. Darin sagten die Amerikaner ihre Unterstützung der EU- und NATO-Perspektive der Ukraine sowie quasi für die Rückeroberung der Krim zu. Dagegen ließ Putin der NATO und den USA im Dezember 2021 einen Vertragsentwurf über beiderseitige verbindliche Sicherheitsgarantien zukommen, den die NATO im Januar ablehnte. Im Februar eskalierte laut OSZE die Gewalt im Donbass.
Bereits wenige Wochen nach der Invasion, Ende März 2022, kam es in Istanbul zu Friedensverhandlungen, die fast zu einer Lösung geführt hätten. Dass der Krieg nicht damals bereits beendet wurde, lag daran, dass der Westen dies nicht wollte. Man war der Meinung, Russland durch die Ukraine in diesem Stellvertreterkrieg auf Dauer militärisch schwächen zu können. Angesichts von Hunderttausenden Toten, Verletzten und Traumatisierten, die als Folge seitdem zu beklagen sind, sowie dem Ausmaß der Zerstörung, fehlen einem die Worte.
Hasst der Westen die Russen?
Diese Frage drängt sich auf, wenn man das oft unerträglich feindselige Gebaren beobachtet, das beileibe nicht neu ist und vor Doppelmoral trieft. Russland und speziell die Person Wladimir Putins werden regelrecht dämonisiert, was gleichzeitig scheinbar jede Form von Diplomatie ausschließt.
Russlands militärische Stärke, seine geografische Lage, sein Rohstoffreichtum oder seine unabhängige diplomatische Tradition sind sicher Störfaktoren für das US-amerikanische Bestreben, der Boss in einer unipolaren Welt zu sein. Ein womöglich funktionierender eurasischer Kontinent, insbesondere gute Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Deutschland, war indes schon vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg eine Sorge des britischen Imperiums.
Ein «Vergehen» von Präsident Putin könnte gewesen sein, dass er die neoliberale Schocktherapie à la IWF und den Ausverkauf des Landes (auch an US-Konzerne) beendete, der unter seinem Vorgänger herrschte. Dabei zeigte er sich als Führungspersönlichkeit und als nicht so formbar wie Jelzin. Diese Aspekte allein sind aber heute vermutlich keine ausreichende Erklärung für ein derart gepflegtes Feindbild.
Der Historiker und Philosoph Hauke Ritz erweitert den Fokus der Fragestellung zu: «Warum hasst der Westen die Russen so sehr?», was er zum Beispiel mit dem Medienforscher Michael Meyen und mit der Politikwissenschaftlerin Ulrike Guérot bespricht. Ritz stellt die interessante These [11] auf, dass Russland eine Provokation für den Westen sei, welcher vor allem dessen kulturelles und intellektuelles Potenzial fürchte.
Die Russen sind Europäer aber anders, sagt Ritz. Diese «Fremdheit in der Ähnlichkeit» erzeuge vielleicht tiefe Ablehnungsgefühle. Obwohl Russlands Identität in der europäischen Kultur verwurzelt ist, verbinde es sich immer mit der Opposition in Europa. Als Beispiele nennt er die Kritik an der katholischen Kirche oder die Verbindung mit der Arbeiterbewegung. Christen, aber orthodox; Sozialismus statt Liberalismus. Das mache das Land zum Antagonisten des Westens und zu einer Bedrohung der Machtstrukturen in Europa.
Fazit
Selbstverständlich kann man Geschichte, Ereignisse und Entwicklungen immer auf verschiedene Arten lesen. Dieser Artikel, obwohl viel zu lang, konnte nur einige Aspekte der Ukraine-Tragödie anreißen, die in den offiziellen Darstellungen in der Regel nicht vorkommen. Mindestens dürfte damit jedoch klar geworden sein, dass die Russische Föderation bzw. Wladimir Putin nicht der alleinige Aggressor in diesem Konflikt ist. Das ist ein Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen USA/NATO (gut) und Russland (böse); die Ukraine (edel) wird dabei schlicht verheizt.
Das ist insofern von Bedeutung, als die gesamte europäische Kriegshysterie auf sorgsam kultivierten Freund-Feind-Bildern beruht. Nur so kann Konfrontation und Eskalation betrieben werden, denn damit werden die wahren Hintergründe und Motive verschleiert. Angst und Propaganda sind notwendig, damit die Menschen den Wahnsinn mitmachen. Sie werden belogen, um sie zuerst zu schröpfen und anschließend auf die Schlachtbank zu schicken. Das kann niemand wollen, außer den stets gleichen Profiteuren: die Rüstungs-Lobby und die großen Investoren, die schon immer an Zerstörung und Wiederaufbau verdient haben.
Apropos Investoren: Zu den Top-Verdienern und somit Hauptinteressenten an einer Fortführung des Krieges zählt BlackRock, einer der weltgrößten Vermögensverwalter. Der deutsche Bundeskanzler in spe, Friedrich Merz, der gerne «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an die Ukraine liefern und die Krim-Brücke zerstören möchte, war von 2016 bis 2020 Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender von BlackRock in Deutschland. Aber das hat natürlich nichts zu sagen, der Mann macht nur seinen Job.
Es ist ein Spiel der Kräfte, es geht um Macht und strategische Kontrolle, um Geheimdienste und die Kontrolle der öffentlichen Meinung, um Bodenschätze, Rohstoffe, Pipelines und Märkte. Das klingt aber nicht sexy, «Demokratie und Menschenrechte» hört sich besser und einfacher an. Dabei wäre eine für alle Seiten förderliche Politik auch nicht so kompliziert; das Handwerkszeug dazu nennt sich Diplomatie. Noch einmal Gabriele Krone-Schmalz:
«Friedliche Politik ist nichts anderes als funktionierender Interessenausgleich. Da geht’s nicht um Moral.»
Die Situation in der Ukraine ist sicher komplex, vor allem wegen der inneren Zerrissenheit. Es dürfte nicht leicht sein, eine friedliche Lösung für das Zusammenleben zu finden, aber die Beteiligten müssen es vor allem wollen. Unter den gegebenen Umständen könnte eine sinnvolle Perspektive mit Neutralität und föderalen Strukturen zu tun haben.
Allen, die sich bis hierher durch die Lektüre gearbeitet (oder auch einfach nur runtergescrollt) haben, wünsche ich frohe Oster-Friedenstage!
[Titelbild: Pixabay; Abb. 1 und 2: nach Ganser/SIPER; Abb. 3: SIPER]
--- Quellen: ---
[1] Albrecht Müller, «Glaube wenig. Hinterfrage alles. Denke selbst.», Westend 2019
[2] Zwei nette Beispiele:
- ARD-faktenfinder (sic), «Viel Aufmerksamkeit für fragwürdige Experten», 03/2023
- Neue Zürcher Zeitung, «Aufstieg und Fall einer Russlandversteherin – die ehemalige ARD-Korrespondentin Gabriele Krone-Schmalz rechtfertigt seit Jahren Putins Politik», 12/2022
[3] George Washington University, «NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard – Declassified documents show security assurances against NATO expansion to Soviet leaders from Baker, Bush, Genscher, Kohl, Gates, Mitterrand, Thatcher, Hurd, Major, and Woerner», 12/2017
[4] Beispielsweise Wladimir Putin bei seiner Rede im Deutschen Bundestag, 25/09/2001
[5] William Engdahl, «Full Spectrum Dominance, Totalitarian Democracy In The New World Order», edition.engdahl 2009
[6] Daniele Ganser, «Illegale Kriege – Wie die NATO-Länder die UNO sabotieren. Eine Chronik von Kuba bis Syrien», Orell Füssli 2016
[7] Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Mit Friedensjournalismus gegen ‘Kriegstüchtigkeit’», Vortrag und Diskussion an der Universität Hamburg, veranstaltet von engagierten Studenten, 16/01/2025\ → Hier ist ein ähnlicher Vortrag von ihr (Video), den ich mit spanischer Übersetzung gefunden habe.
[8] Für mehr Hintergrund und Details empfehlen sich z.B. folgende Bücher:
- Mathias Bröckers, Paul Schreyer, «Wir sind immer die Guten», Westend 2019
- Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Russland verstehen? Der Kampf um die Ukraine und die Arroganz des Westens», Westend 2023
- Patrik Baab, «Auf beiden Seiten der Front – Meine Reisen in die Ukraine», Fiftyfifty 2023
[9] vgl. Jonathan Mowat, «Washington's New World Order "Democratization" Template», 02/2005 und RAND Corporation, «Swarming and the Future of Conflict», 2000
[10] Bemerkenswert einige Beiträge, von denen man später nichts mehr wissen wollte:
- ARD Monitor, «Todesschüsse in Kiew: Wer ist für das Blutbad vom Maidan verantwortlich», 10/04/2014, Transkript hier
- Telepolis, «Blutbad am Maidan: Wer waren die Todesschützen?», 12/04/2014
- Telepolis, «Scharfschützenmorde in Kiew», 14/12/2014
- Deutschlandfunk, «Gefahr einer Spirale nach unten», Interview mit Günter Verheugen, 18/03/2014
- NDR Panorama, «Putsch in Kiew: Welche Rolle spielen die Faschisten?», 06/03/2014
[11] Hauke Ritz, «Vom Niedergang des Westens zur Neuerfindung Europas», 2024
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-18 15:53:07Verstand ohne Gefühl ist unmenschlich; \ Gefühl ohne Verstand ist Dummheit. \ Egon Bahr
Seit Jahren werden wir darauf getrimmt, dass Fakten eigentlich gefühlt seien. Aber nicht alles ist relativ und nicht alles ist nach Belieben interpretierbar. Diese Schokoladenhasen beispielsweise, die an Ostern in unseren Gefilden typisch sind, «ostern» zwar nicht, sondern sie sitzen in der Regel, trotzdem verwandelt sie das nicht in «Sitzhasen».
Nichts soll mehr gelten, außer den immer invasiveren Gesetzen. Die eigenen Traditionen und Wurzeln sind potenziell «pfui», um andere Menschen nicht auszuschließen, aber wir mögen uns toleranterweise an die fremden Symbole und Rituale gewöhnen. Dabei ist es mir prinzipiell völlig egal, ob und wann jemand ein Fastenbrechen feiert, am Karsamstag oder jedem anderen Tag oder nie – aber bitte freiwillig.
Und vor allem: Lasst die Finger von den Kindern! In Bern setzten kürzlich Demonstranten ein Zeichen gegen die zunehmende Verbreitung woker Ideologie im Bildungssystem und forderten ein Ende der sexuellen Indoktrination von Schulkindern.
Wenn es nicht wegen des heiklen Themas Migration oder wegen des Regenbogens ist, dann wegen des Klimas. Im Rahmen der «Netto Null»-Agenda zum Kampf gegen das angeblich teuflische CO2 sollen die Menschen ihre Ernährungsgewohnheiten komplett ändern. Nach dem Willen von Produzenten synthetischer Lebensmittel, wie Bill Gates, sollen wir baldmöglichst praktisch auf Fleisch und alle Milchprodukte wie Milch und Käse verzichten. Ein lukratives Geschäftsmodell, das neben der EU aktuell auch von einem britischen Lobby-Konsortium unterstützt wird.
Sollten alle ideologischen Stricke zu reißen drohen, ist da immer noch «der Putin». Die Unions-Europäer offenbaren sich dabei ständig mehr als Vertreter der Rüstungsindustrie. Allen voran zündelt Deutschland an der Kriegslunte, angeführt von einem scheinbar todesmutigen Kanzlerkandidaten Friedrich Merz. Nach dessen erneuter Aussage, «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an Kiew liefern zu wollen, hat Russland eindeutig klargestellt, dass man dies als direkte Kriegsbeteiligung werten würde – «mit allen sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für Deutschland».
Wohltuend sind Nachrichten über Aktivitäten, die sich der allgemeinen Kriegstreiberei entgegenstellen oder diese öffentlich hinterfragen. Dazu zählt auch ein Kongress kritischer Psychologen und Psychotherapeuten, der letzte Woche in Berlin stattfand. Die vielen Vorträge im Kontext von «Krieg und Frieden» deckten ein breites Themenspektrum ab, darunter Friedensarbeit oder die Notwendigkeit einer «Pädagogik der Kriegsuntüchtigkeit».
Der heutige «stille Freitag», an dem Christen des Leidens und Sterbens von Jesus gedenken, ist vielleicht unabhängig von jeder religiösen oder spirituellen Prägung eine passende Einladung zur Reflexion. In der Ruhe liegt die Kraft. In diesem Sinne wünsche ich Ihnen frohe Ostertage!
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-04 18:47:27Zwei mal drei macht vier, \ widewidewitt und drei macht neune, \ ich mach mir die Welt, \ widewide wie sie mir gefällt. \ Pippi Langstrumpf
Egal, ob Koalitionsverhandlungen oder politischer Alltag: Die Kontroversen zwischen theoretisch verschiedenen Parteien verschwinden, wenn es um den Kampf gegen politische Gegner mit Rückenwind geht. Wer den Alteingesessenen die Pfründe ernsthaft streitig machen könnte, gegen den werden nicht nur «Brandmauern» errichtet, sondern der wird notfalls auch strafrechtlich verfolgt. Doppelstandards sind dabei selbstverständlich inklusive.
In Frankreich ist diese Woche Marine Le Pen wegen der Veruntreuung von EU-Geldern von einem Gericht verurteilt worden. Als Teil der Strafe wurde sie für fünf Jahre vom passiven Wahlrecht ausgeschlossen. Obwohl das Urteil nicht rechtskräftig ist – Le Pen kann in Berufung gehen –, haben die Richter das Verbot, bei Wahlen anzutreten, mit sofortiger Wirkung verhängt. Die Vorsitzende des rechtsnationalen Rassemblement National (RN) galt als aussichtsreiche Kandidatin für die Präsidentschaftswahl 2027.
Das ist in diesem Jahr bereits der zweite gravierende Fall von Wahlbeeinflussung durch die Justiz in einem EU-Staat. In Rumänien hatte Călin Georgescu im November die erste Runde der Präsidentenwahl überraschend gewonnen. Das Ergebnis wurde später annulliert, die behauptete «russische Wahlmanipulation» konnte jedoch nicht bewiesen werden. Die Kandidatur für die Wahlwiederholung im Mai wurde Georgescu kürzlich durch das Verfassungsgericht untersagt.
Die Veruntreuung öffentlicher Gelder muss untersucht und geahndet werden, das steht außer Frage. Diese Anforderung darf nicht selektiv angewendet werden. Hingegen mussten wir in der Vergangenheit bei ungleich schwerwiegenderen Fällen von (mutmaßlichem) Missbrauch ganz andere Vorgehensweisen erleben, etwa im Fall der heutigen EZB-Chefin Christine Lagarde oder im «Pfizergate»-Skandal um die Präsidentin der EU-Kommission Ursula von der Leyen.
Wenngleich derartige Angelegenheiten formal auf einer rechtsstaatlichen Grundlage beruhen mögen, so bleibt ein bitterer Beigeschmack. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob und inwieweit die Justiz politisch instrumentalisiert wird. Dies ist umso interessanter, als die Gewaltenteilung einen essenziellen Teil jeder demokratischen Ordnung darstellt, während die Bekämpfung des politischen Gegners mit juristischen Mitteln gerade bei den am lautesten rufenden Verteidigern «unserer Demokratie» populär zu sein scheint.
Die Delegationen von CDU/CSU und SPD haben bei ihren Verhandlungen über eine Regierungskoalition genau solche Maßnahmen diskutiert. «Im Namen der Wahrheit und der Demokratie» möchte man noch härter gegen «Desinformation» vorgehen und dafür zum Beispiel den Digital Services Act der EU erweitern. Auch soll der Tatbestand der Volksverhetzung verschärft werden – und im Entzug des passiven Wahlrechts münden können. Auf europäischer Ebene würde Friedrich Merz wohl gerne Ungarn das Stimmrecht entziehen.
Der Pegel an Unzufriedenheit und Frustration wächst in großen Teilen der Bevölkerung kontinuierlich. Arroganz, Machtmissbrauch und immer abstrusere Ausreden für offensichtlich willkürliche Maßnahmen werden kaum verhindern, dass den etablierten Parteien die Unterstützung entschwindet. In Deutschland sind die Umfrageergebnisse der AfD ein guter Gradmesser dafür.
[Vorlage Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-03 07:42:25Spanien bleibt einer der Vorreiter im europäischen Prozess der totalen Überwachung per Digitalisierung. Seit Mittwoch ist dort der digitale Personalausweis verfügbar. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Regierungs-App, die auf dem Smartphone installiert werden muss und in den Stores von Google und Apple zu finden ist. Per Dekret von Regierungschef Pedro Sánchez und Zustimmung des Ministerrats ist diese Maßnahme jetzt in Kraft getreten.
Mit den üblichen Argumenten der Vereinfachung, des Komforts, der Effizienz und der Sicherheit preist das Innenministerium die «Innovation» an. Auch die Beteuerung, dass die digitale Variante parallel zum physischen Ausweis existieren wird und diesen nicht ersetzen soll, fehlt nicht. Während der ersten zwölf Monate wird «der Neue» noch nicht für alle Anwendungsfälle gültig sein, ab 2026 aber schon.
Dass die ganze Sache auch «Risiken und Nebenwirkungen» haben könnte, wird in den Mainstream-Medien eher selten thematisiert. Bestenfalls wird der Aspekt der Datensicherheit angesprochen, allerdings in der Regel direkt mit dem Regierungsvokabular von den «maximalen Sicherheitsgarantien» abgehandelt. Dennoch gibt es einige weitere Aspekte, die Bürger mit etwas Sinn für Privatsphäre bedenken sollten.
Um sich die digitale Version des nationalen Ausweises besorgen zu können (eine App mit dem Namen MiDNI), muss man sich vorab online registrieren. Dabei wird die Identität des Bürgers mit seiner mobilen Telefonnummer verknüpft. Diese obligatorische fixe Verdrahtung kennen wir von diversen anderen Apps und Diensten. Gleichzeitig ist das die Basis für eine perfekte Lokalisierbarkeit der Person.
Für jeden Vorgang der Identifikation in der Praxis wird später «eine Verbindung zu den Servern der Bundespolizei aufgebaut». Die Daten des Individuums werden «in Echtzeit» verifiziert und im Erfolgsfall von der Polizei signiert zurückgegeben. Das Ergebnis ist ein QR-Code mit zeitlich begrenzter Gültigkeit, der an Dritte weitergegeben werden kann.
Bei derartigen Szenarien sträuben sich einem halbwegs kritischen Staatsbürger die Nackenhaare. Allein diese minimale Funktionsbeschreibung lässt die totale Überwachung erkennen, die damit ermöglicht wird. Jede Benutzung des Ausweises wird künftig registriert, hinterlässt also Spuren. Und was ist, wenn die Server der Polizei einmal kein grünes Licht geben? Das wäre spätestens dann ein Problem, wenn der digitale doch irgendwann der einzig gültige Ausweis ist: Dann haben wir den abschaltbaren Bürger.
Dieser neue Vorstoß der Regierung von Pedro Sánchez ist ein weiterer Schritt in Richtung der «totalen Digitalisierung» des Landes, wie diese Politik in manchen Medien – nicht einmal kritisch, sondern sehr naiv – genannt wird. Ebenso verharmlosend wird auch erwähnt, dass sich das spanische Projekt des digitalen Ausweises nahtlos in die Initiativen der EU zu einer digitalen Identität für alle Bürger sowie des digitalen Euro einreiht.
In Zukunft könnte der neue Ausweis «auch in andere staatliche und private digitale Plattformen integriert werden», wie das Medienportal Cope ganz richtig bemerkt. Das ist die Perspektive.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dazu passend:
Nur Abschied vom Alleinfahren? Monströse spanische Überwachungsprojekte gemäß EU-Norm
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ aa8de34f:a6ffe696
2025-03-31 21:48:50In seinem Beitrag vom 30. März 2025 fragt Henning Rosenbusch auf Telegram angesichts zunehmender digitaler Kontrolle und staatlicher Allmacht:
„Wie soll sich gegen eine solche Tyrannei noch ein Widerstand formieren können, selbst im Untergrund? Sehe ich nicht.“\ (Quelle: t.me/rosenbusch/25228)
Er beschreibt damit ein Gefühl der Ohnmacht, das viele teilen: Eine Welt, in der Totalitarismus nicht mehr mit Panzern, sondern mit Algorithmen kommt. Wo Zugriff auf Geld, Meinungsfreiheit und Teilhabe vom Wohlverhalten abhängt. Der Bürger als kontrollierbare Variable im Code des Staates.\ Die Frage ist berechtigt. Doch die Antwort darauf liegt nicht in alten Widerstandsbildern – sondern in einer neuen Realität.
-- Denn es braucht keinen Untergrund mehr. --
Der Widerstand der Zukunft trägt keinen Tarnanzug. Er ist nicht konspirativ, sondern transparent. Nicht bewaffnet, sondern mathematisch beweisbar. Bitcoin steht nicht am Rand dieser Entwicklung – es ist ihr Fundament. Eine Bastion aus physikalischer Realität, spieltheoretischem Schutz und ökonomischer Wahrheit. Es ist nicht unfehlbar, aber unbestechlich. Nicht perfekt, aber immun gegen zentrale Willkür.
Hier entsteht kein „digitales Gegenreich“, sondern eine dezentrale Renaissance. Keine Revolte aus Wut, sondern eine stille Abkehr: von Zwang zu Freiwilligkeit, von Abhängigkeit zu Selbstverantwortung. Diese Revolution führt keine Kriege. Sie braucht keine Führer. Sie ist ein Netzwerk. Jeder Knoten ein Individuum. Jede Entscheidung ein Akt der Selbstermächtigung.
Weltweit wachsen Freiheits-Zitadellen aus dieser Idee: wirtschaftlich autark, digital souverän, lokal verankert und global vernetzt. Sie sind keine Utopien im luftleeren Raum, sondern konkrete Realitäten – angetrieben von Energie, Code und dem menschlichen Wunsch nach Würde.
Der Globalismus alter Prägung – zentralistisch, monopolistisch, bevormundend – wird an seiner eigenen Hybris zerbrechen. Seine Werkzeuge der Kontrolle werden ihn nicht retten. Im Gegenteil: Seine Geister werden ihn verfolgen und erlegen.
Und während die alten Mächte um Erhalt kämpfen, wächst eine neue Welt – nicht im Schatten, sondern im Offenen. Nicht auf Gewalt gebaut, sondern auf Mathematik, Physik und Freiheit.
Die Tyrannei sieht keinen Widerstand.\ Weil sie nicht erkennt, dass er längst begonnen hat.\ Unwiderruflich. Leise. Überall.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-03-31 07:23:05Der Irrsinn ist bei Einzelnen etwas Seltenes – \ aber bei Gruppen, Parteien, Völkern, Zeiten die Regel. \ Friedrich Nietzsche
Erinnern Sie sich an die Horrorkomödie «Scary Movie»? Nicht, dass ich diese Art Filme besonders erinnerungswürdig fände, aber einige Szenen daraus sind doch gewissermaßen Klassiker. Dazu zählt eine, die das Verhalten vieler Protagonisten in Horrorfilmen parodiert, wenn sie in Panik flüchten. Welchen Weg nimmt wohl die Frau in der Situation auf diesem Bild?
Diese Szene kommt mir automatisch in den Sinn, wenn ich aktuelle Entwicklungen in Europa betrachte. Weitreichende Entscheidungen gehen wider jede Logik in die völlig falsche Richtung. Nur ist das hier alles andere als eine Komödie, sondern bitterernst. Dieser Horror ist leider sehr real.
Die Europäische Union hat sich selbst über Jahre konsequent in eine Sackgasse manövriert. Sie hat es versäumt, sich und ihre Politik selbstbewusst und im Einklang mit ihren Wurzeln auf dem eigenen Kontinent zu positionieren. Stattdessen ist sie in blinder Treue den vermeintlichen «transatlantischen Freunden» auf ihrem Konfrontationskurs gen Osten gefolgt.
In den USA haben sich die Vorzeichen allerdings mittlerweile geändert, und die einst hoch gelobten «Freunde und Partner» erscheinen den europäischen «Führern» nicht mehr vertrauenswürdig. Das ist spätestens seit der Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz, der Rede von Vizepräsident J. D. Vance und den empörten Reaktionen offensichtlich. Große Teile Europas wirken seitdem wie ein aufgescheuchter Haufen kopfloser Hühner. Orientierung und Kontrolle sind völlig abhanden gekommen.
Statt jedoch umzukehren oder wenigstens zu bremsen und vielleicht einen Abzweig zu suchen, geben die Crash-Piloten jetzt auf dem Weg durch die Sackgasse erst richtig Gas. Ja sie lösen sogar noch die Sicherheitsgurte und deaktivieren die Airbags. Den vor Angst dauergelähmten Passagieren fällt auch nichts Besseres ein und so schließen sie einfach die Augen. Derweil übertrumpfen sich die Kommentatoren des Events gegenseitig in sensationslüsterner «Berichterstattung».
Wie schon die deutsche Außenministerin mit höchsten UN-Ambitionen, Annalena Baerbock, proklamiert auch die Europäische Kommission einen «Frieden durch Stärke». Zu dem jetzt vorgelegten, selbstzerstörerischen Fahrplan zur Ankurbelung der Rüstungsindustrie, genannt «Weißbuch zur europäischen Verteidigung – Bereitschaft 2030», erklärte die Kommissionspräsidentin, die «Ära der Friedensdividende» sei längst vorbei. Soll das heißen, Frieden bringt nichts ein? Eine umfassende Zusammenarbeit an dauerhaften europäischen Friedenslösungen steht demnach jedenfalls nicht zur Debatte.
Zusätzlich brisant ist, dass aktuell «die ganze EU von Deutschen regiert wird», wie der EU-Parlamentarier und ehemalige UN-Diplomat Michael von der Schulenburg beobachtet hat. Tatsächlich sitzen neben von der Leyen und Strack-Zimmermann noch einige weitere Deutsche in – vor allem auch in Krisenzeiten – wichtigen Spitzenposten der Union. Vor dem Hintergrund der Kriegstreiberei in Deutschland muss eine solche Dominanz mindestens nachdenklich stimmen.
Ihre ursprünglichen Grundwerte wie Demokratie, Freiheit, Frieden und Völkerverständigung hat die EU kontinuierlich in leere Worthülsen verwandelt. Diese werden dafür immer lächerlicher hochgehalten und beschworen.
Es wird dringend Zeit, dass wir, der Souverän, diesem erbärmlichen und gefährlichen Trauerspiel ein Ende setzen und die Fäden selbst in die Hand nehmen. In diesem Sinne fordert uns auch das «European Peace Project» auf, am 9. Mai im Rahmen eines Kunstprojekts den Frieden auszurufen. Seien wir dabei!
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 66675158:1b644430
2025-03-23 11:39:41I don't believe in "vibe coding" – it's just the newest Silicon Valley fad trying to give meaning to their latest favorite technology, LLMs. We've seen this pattern before with blockchain, when suddenly Non Fungible Tokens appeared, followed by Web3 startups promising to revolutionize everything from social media to supply chains. VCs couldn't throw money fast enough at anything with "decentralized" (in name only) in the pitch deck. Andreessen Horowitz launched billion-dollar crypto funds, while Y Combinator batches filled with blockchain startups promising to be "Uber for X, but on the blockchain."
The metaverse mania followed, with Meta betting its future on digital worlds where we'd supposedly hang out as legless avatars. Decentralized (in name only) autonomous organizations emerged as the next big thing – supposedly democratic internet communities that ended up being the next scam for quick money.
Then came the inevitable collapse. The FTX implosion in late 2022 revealed fraud, Luna/Terra's death spiral wiped out billions (including my ten thousand dollars), while Celsius and BlockFi froze customer assets before bankruptcy.
By 2023, crypto winter had fully set in. The SEC started aggressive enforcement actions, while users realized that blockchain technology had delivered almost no practical value despite a decade of promises.
Blockchain's promises tapped into fundamental human desires – decentralization resonated with a generation disillusioned by traditional institutions. Evangelists presented a utopian vision of freedom from centralized control. Perhaps most significantly, crypto offered a sense of meaning in an increasingly abstract world, making the clear signs of scams harder to notice.
The technology itself had failed to solve any real-world problems at scale. By 2024, the once-mighty crypto ecosystem had become a cautionary tale. Venture firms quietly scrubbed blockchain references from their websites while founders pivoted to AI and large language models.
Most reading this are likely fellow bitcoiners and nostr users who understand that Bitcoin is blockchain's only valid use case. But I shared that painful history because I believe the AI-hype cycle will follow the same trajectory.
Just like with blockchain, we're now seeing VCs who once couldn't stop talking about "Web3" falling over themselves to fund anything with "AI" in the pitch deck. The buzzwords have simply changed from "decentralized" to "intelligent."
"Vibe coding" is the perfect example – a trendy name for what is essentially just fuzzy instructions to LLMs. Developers who've spent years honing programming skills are now supposed to believe that "vibing" with an AI is somehow a legitimate methodology.
This might be controversial to some, but obvious to others:
Formal, context-free grammar will always remain essential for building precise systems, regardless of how advanced natural language technology becomes
The mathematical precision of programming languages provides a foundation that human language's ambiguity can never replace. Programming requires precision – languages, compilers, and processors operate on explicit instructions, not vibes. What "vibe coding" advocates miss is that beneath every AI-generated snippet lies the same deterministic rules that have always governed computation.
LLMs don't understand code in any meaningful sense—they've just ingested enormous datasets of human-written code and can predict patterns. When they "work," it's because they've seen similar patterns before, not because they comprehend the underlying logic.
This creates a dangerous dependency. Junior developers "vibing" with LLMs might get working code without understanding the fundamental principles. When something breaks in production, they'll lack the knowledge to fix it.
Even experienced developers can find themselves in treacherous territory when relying too heavily on LLM-generated code. What starts as a productivity boost can transform into a dependency crutch.
The real danger isn't just technical limitations, but the false confidence it instills. Developers begin to believe they understand systems they've merely instructed an AI to generate – fundamentally different from understanding code you've written yourself.
We're already seeing the warning signs: projects cobbled together with LLM-generated code that work initially but become maintenance nightmares when requirements change or edge cases emerge.
The venture capital money is flowing exactly as it did with blockchain. Anthropic raised billions, OpenAI is valued astronomically despite minimal revenue, and countless others are competing to build ever-larger models with vague promises. Every startup now claims to be "AI-powered" regardless of whether it makes sense.
Don't get me wrong—there's genuine innovation happening in AI research. But "vibe coding" isn't it. It's a marketing term designed to make fuzzy prompting sound revolutionary.
Cursor perfectly embodies this AI hype cycle. It's an AI-enhanced code editor built on VS Code that promises to revolutionize programming by letting you "chat with your codebase." Just like blockchain startups promised to "revolutionize" industries, Cursor promises to transform development by adding LLM capabilities.
Yes, Cursor can be genuinely helpful. It can explain unfamiliar code, suggest completions, and help debug simple issues. After trying it for just an hour, I found the autocomplete to be MAGICAL for simple refactoring and basic functionality.
But the marketing goes far beyond reality. The suggestion that you can simply describe what you want and get production-ready code is dangerously misleading. What you get are approximations with:
- Security vulnerabilities the model doesn't understand
- Edge cases it hasn't considered
- Performance implications it can't reason about
- Dependency conflicts it has no way to foresee
The most concerning aspect is how such tools are marketed to beginners as shortcuts around learning fundamentals. "Why spend years learning to code when you can just tell AI what you want?" This is reminiscent of how crypto was sold as a get-rich-quick scheme requiring no actual understanding.
When you "vibe code" with an AI, you're not eliminating complexity—you're outsourcing understanding to a black box. This creates developers who can prompt but not program, who can generate but not comprehend.
The real utility of LLMs in development is in augmenting existing workflows:
- Explaining unfamiliar codebases
- Generating boilerplate for well-understood patterns
- Suggesting implementations that a developer evaluates critically
- Assisting with documentation and testing
These uses involve the model as a subordinate assistant to a knowledgeable developer, not as a replacement for expertise. This is where the technology adds value—as a sophisticated tool in skilled hands.
Cursor is just a better hammer, not a replacement for understanding what you're building. The actual value emerges when used by developers who understand what happens beneath the abstractions. They can recognize when AI suggestions make sense and when they don't because they have the fundamental knowledge to evaluate output critically.
This is precisely where the "vibe coding" narrative falls apart.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-03-21 19:41:50Wir werden nicht zulassen, dass technisch manches möglich ist, \ aber der Staat es nicht nutzt. \ Angela Merkel
Die Modalverben zu erklären, ist im Deutschunterricht manchmal nicht ganz einfach. Nicht alle Fremdsprachen unterscheiden zum Beispiel bei der Frage nach einer Möglichkeit gleichermaßen zwischen «können» im Sinne von «die Gelegenheit, Kenntnis oder Fähigkeit haben» und «dürfen» als «die Erlaubnis oder Berechtigung haben». Das spanische Wort «poder» etwa steht für beides.
Ebenso ist vielen Schülern auf den ersten Blick nicht recht klar, dass das logische Gegenteil von «müssen» nicht unbedingt «nicht müssen» ist, sondern vielmehr «nicht dürfen». An den Verkehrsschildern lässt sich so etwas meistens recht gut erklären: Manchmal muss man abbiegen, aber manchmal darf man eben nicht.
Dieses Beispiel soll ein wenig die Verwirrungstaktik veranschaulichen, die in der Politik gerne verwendet wird, um unpopuläre oder restriktive Maßnahmen Stück für Stück einzuführen. Zuerst ist etwas einfach innovativ und bringt viele Vorteile. Vor allem ist es freiwillig, jeder kann selber entscheiden, niemand muss mitmachen. Später kann man zunehmend weniger Alternativen wählen, weil sie verschwinden, und irgendwann verwandelt sich alles andere in «nicht dürfen» – die Maßnahme ist obligatorisch.
Um die Durchsetzung derartiger Initiativen strategisch zu unterstützen und nett zu verpacken, gibt es Lobbyisten, gerne auch NGOs genannt. Dass das «NG» am Anfang dieser Abkürzung übersetzt «Nicht-Regierungs-» bedeutet, ist ein Anachronismus. Das war vielleicht früher einmal so, heute ist eher das Gegenteil gemeint.
In unserer modernen Zeit wird enorm viel Lobbyarbeit für die Digitalisierung praktisch sämtlicher Lebensbereiche aufgewendet. Was das auf dem Sektor der Mobilität bedeuten kann, haben wir diese Woche anhand aktueller Entwicklungen in Spanien beleuchtet. Begründet teilweise mit Vorgaben der Europäischen Union arbeitet man dort fleißig an einer «neuen Mobilität», basierend auf «intelligenter» technologischer Infrastruktur. Derartige Anwandlungen wurden auch schon als «Technofeudalismus» angeprangert.
Nationale Zugangspunkte für Mobilitätsdaten im Sinne der EU gibt es nicht nur in allen Mitgliedsländern, sondern auch in der Schweiz und in Großbritannien. Das Vereinigte Königreich beteiligt sich darüber hinaus an anderen EU-Projekten für digitale Überwachungs- und Kontrollmaßnahmen, wie dem biometrischen Identifizierungssystem für «nachhaltigen Verkehr und Tourismus».
Natürlich marschiert auch Deutschland stracks und euphorisch in Richtung digitaler Zukunft. Ohne vernetzte Mobilität und einen «verlässlichen Zugang zu Daten, einschließlich Echtzeitdaten» komme man in der Verkehrsplanung und -steuerung nicht aus, erklärt die Regierung. Der Interessenverband der IT-Dienstleister Bitkom will «die digitale Transformation der deutschen Wirtschaft und Verwaltung vorantreiben». Dazu bewirbt er unter anderem die Konzepte Smart City, Smart Region und Smart Country und behauptet, deutsche Großstädte «setzen bei Mobilität voll auf Digitalisierung».
Es steht zu befürchten, dass das umfassende Sammeln, Verarbeiten und Vernetzen von Daten, das angeblich die Menschen unterstützen soll (und theoretisch ja auch könnte), eher dazu benutzt wird, sie zu kontrollieren und zu manipulieren. Je elektrischer und digitaler unsere Umgebung wird, desto größer sind diese Möglichkeiten. Im Ergebnis könnten solche Prozesse den Bürger nicht nur einschränken oder überflüssig machen, sondern in mancherlei Hinsicht regelrecht abschalten. Eine gesunde Skepsis ist also geboten.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Er ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
-
@ aa8de34f:a6ffe696
2025-03-21 12:08:3119. März 2025
🔐 1. SHA-256 is Quantum-Resistant
Bitcoin’s proof-of-work mechanism relies on SHA-256, a hashing algorithm. Even with a powerful quantum computer, SHA-256 remains secure because:
- Quantum computers excel at factoring large numbers (Shor’s Algorithm).
- However, SHA-256 is a one-way function, meaning there's no known quantum algorithm that can efficiently reverse it.
- Grover’s Algorithm (which theoretically speeds up brute force attacks) would still require 2¹²⁸ operations to break SHA-256 – far beyond practical reach.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
🔑 2. Public Key Vulnerability – But Only If You Reuse Addresses
Bitcoin uses Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) to generate keys.
- A quantum computer could use Shor’s Algorithm to break SECP256K1, the curve Bitcoin uses.
- If you never reuse addresses, it is an additional security element
- 🔑 1. Bitcoin Addresses Are NOT Public Keys
Many people assume a Bitcoin address is the public key—this is wrong.
- When you receive Bitcoin, it is sent to a hashed public key (the Bitcoin address).
- The actual public key is never exposed because it is the Bitcoin Adress who addresses the Public Key which never reveals the creation of a public key by a spend
- Bitcoin uses Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash (P2PKH) or newer methods like Pay-to-Witness-Public-Key-Hash (P2WPKH), which add extra layers of security.
🕵️♂️ 2.1 The Public Key Never Appears
- When you send Bitcoin, your wallet creates a digital signature.
- This signature uses the private key to prove ownership.
- The Bitcoin address is revealed and creates the Public Key
- The public key remains hidden inside the Bitcoin script and Merkle tree.
This means: ✔ The public key is never exposed. ✔ Quantum attackers have nothing to target, attacking a Bitcoin Address is a zero value game.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
🔄 3. Bitcoin Can Upgrade
Even if quantum computers eventually become a real threat:
- Bitcoin developers can upgrade to quantum-safe cryptography (e.g., lattice-based cryptography or post-quantum signatures like Dilithium).
- Bitcoin’s decentralized nature ensures a network-wide soft fork or hard fork could transition to quantum-resistant keys.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
⏳ 4. The 10-Minute Block Rule as a Security Feature
- Bitcoin’s network operates on a 10-minute block interval, meaning:Even if an attacker had immense computational power (like a quantum computer), they could only attempt an attack every 10 minutes.Unlike traditional encryption, where a hacker could continuously brute-force keys, Bitcoin’s system resets the challenge with every new block.This limits the window of opportunity for quantum attacks.
🎯 5. Quantum Attack Needs to Solve a Block in Real-Time
- A quantum attacker must solve the cryptographic puzzle (Proof of Work) in under 10 minutes.
- The problem? Any slight error changes the hash completely, meaning:If the quantum computer makes a mistake (even 0.0001% probability), the entire attack fails.Quantum decoherence (loss of qubit stability) makes error correction a massive challenge.The computational cost of recovering from an incorrect hash is still incredibly high.
⚡ 6. Network Resilience – Even if a Block Is Hacked
- Even if a quantum computer somehow solved a block instantly:The network would quickly recognize and reject invalid transactions.Other miners would continue mining under normal cryptographic rules.51% Attack? The attacker would need to consistently beat the entire Bitcoin network, which is not sustainable.
🔄 7. The Logarithmic Difficulty Adjustment Neutralizes Threats
- Bitcoin adjusts mining difficulty every 2016 blocks (\~2 weeks).
- If quantum miners appeared and suddenly started solving blocks too quickly, the difficulty would adjust upward, making attacks significantly harder.
- This self-correcting mechanism ensures that even quantum computers wouldn't easily overpower the network.
🔥 Final Verdict: Quantum Computers Are Too Slow for Bitcoin
✔ The 10-minute rule limits attack frequency – quantum computers can’t keep up.
✔ Any slight miscalculation ruins the attack, resetting all progress.
✔ Bitcoin’s difficulty adjustment would react, neutralizing quantum advantages.
Even if quantum computers reach their theoretical potential, Bitcoin’s game theory and design make it incredibly resistant. 🚀
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 23:51:56► Adblocking
- Note - Don't run multiple general adblockers (e.g., uBlock Origin and AdGuard) simultaneously to avoid breakage. Combining general adblockers with tools like SponsorBlock is fine.
- ↪️ Spotify Adblockers
- ↪️ Twitch Adblockers
- ↪️ Bypass URL Redirects
- ↪️ Bypass Article Paywalls
- ⭐ uBlock Origin or uBO Lite (MV3 compatible) - Adblocker / Redundant Extensions
- ⭐ Report Issues - uAssets / Hosts / AdGuard / EasyList
- ⭐ SponsorBlock - Skip Sponsored YouTube Ads / Script, 2 / Discord / X / GitHub
- Disblock Origin or Discord Adblock - Hide Discord Nitro / Boost Ads
- Popupblocker All, PopUpOFF, Popup Blocker (strict) or PopupBlocker - Popup / New Tab Blockers
- AdGuard - Adblocker
- Zen - System-Wide Adblocker / Discord / GitHub
- BehindTheOverlay - Hide Website Overlays
- BilibiliSponsorBlock - Skip Sponsored Bilibili Ads
▷ Adblock Filters
- ⭐ LegitimateURLShortener - Query Parameter Cleaning Rules
- yokoffing's Recommended Filters - Blocklist Collection
- Hagezi Blocklists - Blocklist Collection
- FilterLists - Filter / Host List Directory
- FMHY Filterlist - Unsafe Sites Filter
▷ DNS Adblocking
- Note - If your goal is to block browser ads, it's best to just stick with uBlock Origin, as additional filters can cause conflicts or anti-adblock.
- 🌐 DNS Providers - DNS Provider Index
- ↪️ DNS Filters / Blocklists
- ↪️ Free DNS Resolvers
- ⭐ Pi-Hole - Self-Hosted DNS Adblocking / Subreddit / X
- ⭐ Pi-Hole Tools - Filters / Anti-Telemetry / Tray App
- ⭐ AdGuard Home - Self-Hosted DNS Adblocking / Balena-Adguard / GitHub / X / Telegram / Subreddit
- ⭐ Mullvad DNS - DNS Adblocking / Filtering / Extension / GitHub
- ⭐ YogaDNS - Custom DNS Client for Windows
- DNS Speed Test / GitHub
- BlahDNS - DNS Adblocking / GitHub
- AlternateDNS - DNS Adblocking
- LibreDNS - DNS Adblocking / GitLab
- Tiarap - DNS Adblocking / GitHub
- NextDNS - Customizable DNS Adblocking Service / Video
- AdGuard DNS - Customizable DNS Adblocking Service / X / Telegram / Subreddit
- Control D - Customizable DNS Adblocking Service / X / Subreddit / Discord
- NxFilter - Self-Hosted Customizable DNS Adblocking / Subreddit
- TBlock - DNS Adblocking Client / CodeBerg
- Diversion - Asuswrt-Merlin Router Adblock Manager
- Phishing Army - DNS Phishing Blocklist / X
- Technitium - Self-Hosted DNS Server / Subreddit / GitHub
- DNS Perf or NameBench - DNS Speed Tests
▷ Linux Adblocking
▷ Mac Adblocking
▷ Android Adblocking
▷ iOS Adblocking
► Antivirus / Malware
- 🌐 /r/Antivirus Index - Antivirus Tool Index
- ↪️ Site Legitimacy Check
- ↪️ Virtual Machines
- ⭐ Malwarebytes - Antivirus / X
- ⭐ AdwCleaner - Anti-Adware / X
- ⭐ Security / Antivirus Multireddit - Reddit Communities
- ⭐ FMHY SafeGuard - Detects if Current Site is Trusted / Untrusted
- FMHY LinkSafe Guard - Shows if Site is Trusted / Untrusted on Web Results
- BleepingComputer Forums, Malwarebytes Forums or Sysnative Forums - Malware Removal Forums / Note
- Sandboxie Plus - Sandbox Environment / Guide / GitHub
- Windows Sandbox - Full Virtual Machine Sandbox Environment
- ESET - Antivirus / X
- Dangerzone - Convert Malicious PDFs to Safe Files / GitHub
- Triage or Cuckoo - Online Sandboxes
- No More Ransom - Ransomware Decryption Tools
- ID Ransomware - Ransomware Identification Tool
- ConfigureDefender - Configure Windows Defender Settings
- DefenderUI - Improved Windows Defender UI
▷ File Scanners
- 🌐 The Second Opinion, 2 - Portable Malware Scanners / Removal Tools / GitHub
- ⭐ VirusTotal / Scan Results Guide, 2 or Hybrid Analysis - Online File Scanner
- ⭐ VirusTotal Tools - CLI / Uploader / Lite Version
- Microsoft Safety Scanner or Emsisoft Emergency Kit - On-demand AV Scanners
- Manalyzer - PE File Scanner / GitHub
- YARA - Malware Identification Tool / GitHub
- Winitor - EXE Malware Assessment
- pyWhat - Identify Anything / Discord
- Grype - Container Images Vulnerability Scanner
- Jotti - Online File Scanner
- FileScan - Online File Scanner / GitHub
- Farbar / Guide - Local File Scanner
► Privacy
- ↪️ SMS Verification Sites
- ↪️ File Encryption
- ↪️ Drive Formatting / File Deletion
- ⭐ Tails / Telegram / GitHub, Whonix / Telegram / GitHub or Qubes / GitHub - Privacy-Based Operating Systems
- /r/Privacy, /r/TheHatedOne or /r/privatelife - Privacy Discussion, News & Tools
- O&O ShutUp10++ or W10Privacy - Privacy and Data Protection Tools
- Telemetry.md - Disable Windows 10/11 Telemetry
- Disable Recall - Disable Microsoft Recall on Windows 11
- Agent DVR / Subreddit, Frigate / GitHub, Smart Sec Cam or ZoneMinder / Discord / GitHub - Security Camera Systems
- Team Elite or Technet24 - Security Software / Translator
- YourDigitalRights - Get Organizations to Delete Your Personal Data
- Big Ass Data Broker Opt-Out List - List of Data Broker Opt-Out Resources
- Surfer Protocol - Multi-platform User Data Exporter / Discord / GitHub
- F-Secure Identity Theft Checker - Identity Theft Check
- PrivNote, SafeNote / GitHub, Burn.Link, ThisLinkWillSelfDestruct, s.cr, burnmynote or OneTimeSecret / GitHub - Send Self-Destructing Messages
- chausies encrypt / GitHub, Steg Cloak or spammimic - Send Encrypted Text
- HiddenVM - Run an Oracle VM on TailsOS
- SurveillanceWatch - Surveillance Company Connections
- If An Agent Knocks - Best Practices if Contacted by Agents
▷ Privacy Indexes
- ⭐ Privacy Guides - Educational Guide / GitHub
- ⭐ Digital Defense - Personal Checklist for Privacy & Security / GitHub
- ⭐ Surveillance Self-Defense - Educational Guide
- ⭐ The New Oil - Educational Guide / GitHub
- ⭐ No Trace - Educational Guide / .onion
- ⭐ The Hitchhiker’s Guide - Extensive Guide to Online Anonymity / GitHub
- Lissy93's Awesome Privacy / GitHub, Awesome Security Hardening or pluja's Awesome Privacy / GitHub - Privacy App / Service Lists
- Defensive Computing Checklist - Educational Guide
- OPSEC guide - Educational Guide
- Ken Harris - Educational Guide / Discord
- PrivSec - Educational Guide / GitHub
- AvoidTheHack - Educational Blog / GitHub
- Hostux - Privacy Tools / Git
- Privacy Settings - Privacy Setting Guides
- Privacy Not Included - Product Privacy Ratings
- EncryptedList - List of Encrypted Services/Apps
- Awesome Vehicle Security - Vehicle Security Resources
▷ Network Security
- ⭐ v2rayN - DIY Privacy Network
- ⭐ Safing Portmaster - Network Monitor / DNS Resolver / Firewall / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ DNSveil - DNS Client / Guide / GitHub
- I2P - Encrypted Private Network Layer / Guide / GitLab
- XrayUIGroup - DIY Privacy Network / Telegram
- Simplewall - Firewall
- Fort - Firewall
- WFC - Firewall
▷ Linux Privacy
▷ Mac Privacy
▷ Android Privacy
▷ iOS Privacy
► Web Privacy
- 🌐 Google Alt List, /r/degoogle or No More Google - Google App Alternatives
- ↪️ Chat Service Comparisons
- ↪️ Encrypted Messaging Apps / 2 / 3
- ↪️ Encrypted XMPP Servers
- ↪️ Encode / Decode URLs
- ⭐ PrivacySpy / GitHub or ToS;DR / Discord / GitHub - Sites Privacy Policies
- ⭐ JustDeleteMe - Find / Terminate Old Accounts / GitHub
- OpenPhish, Netcraft Report, isitPhishing, PhishStats / Telegram / GitHub or PhishTank - Report Phishing Sites
- DNS Jumper - DNS Switcher
- ssh-chat or Devzat - SSH Chat
- GPG Suite - Encrypt & Sign Data / Communications
- PeerTube - Decentralized Video Hosting / Tools / GitHub
- Redact - Delete X.com / Reddit Data / Discord
- tweetXer - Delete X.com Posts
- delete-likes-from-x-com.md - Delete X.com Likes / Favorites
- Power Delete Suite - Reddit Auto Post Delete
- Hyphanet - Browse / Publish Freenet Sites / GitHub
- mat2 - Remove Metadata from Files / Web Version
▷ Browser Privacy
- ↪️ Browser Comparisons
- ↪️ Android Privacy Browsers
- ⭐ Tor Browser, 2, 3 - Onion-Routed Browser
- ⭐ Tor Resources - TG Downloads / Telegram / .onion / GitLab / GitHub
- ⭐ Mullvad Browser - Tor Browser Fork (without Tor network) / GitHub
- ⭐ arkenfox - Firefox Privacy Tweak / Video / GUI
- LibreWolf - Pre-tweaked Firefox Fork / Auto-Updater / CodeBerg / Subreddit
- Brave Browser - Privacy Chromium Browser / Subreddit
- Encrypted SNI - Cloudflare Browser Check
▷ Password Privacy / 2FA
- 🌐 2FA Directory - List of Sites with 2FA Support / GitHub
- ↪️ Password Managers
- ⭐ Ente Auth - All Platforms 2FA / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ Aegis - Android 2FA / GitHub
- ⭐ Stratum - Android 2FA / GitHub
- ⭐ Password Strength Chart / 2
- 2FAS - Android / iOS 2FA / Discord / GitHub
- Mauth - Android 2FA
- FreeOTPPlus - Android 2FA
- KeePassXC - Windows / Mac / Linux 2FA / Guide / GitHub
- AuthMe - Windows / Mac / Linux 2FA / GitHub
- Yubioath - Windows / Android 2FA / YubiKeys / GitHub
- OTPClient - Linux 2FA
- 2FAuth - Self-Hosted Web Based 2FA / GitHub
- Sentinel - Android / iOS / Mac 2FA
- OTP Auth - iOS 2FA
- Tofu - iOS 2FA / GitHub
- Authenticator - Generate Two-Factor QR Codes / GitHub
- OTP Helper - Extract OTP Tokens
- steamguard-cli - Generate Steam 2FA Codes
- PasswordsGenerator - Secure Password Generator
▷ Email Privacy
- ↪️ Temp Mail Sites - Create Temporary / Throwaway Emails
- ↪️ Email Aliasing - Create Permanent Anonymous Emails
- ⭐ Proton Mail - Encrypted Email / .onion / Subreddit / GitHub
- Tuta - Encrypted Email / Subreddit / GitHub
- Disroot - Encrypted Email
- DNMX - Onion Based Email
- Mailvelope - Give Emails PGP Encryption / GitHub
- Email Privacy Tester - Email Privacy Test / GitLab
- SecLists - Security Mailing List Archive
▷ Data Breach Monitoring
- ⭐ Have I Been Pwned? - Monitor Email Breaches
- ⭐ Have I Been Pwned Passwords - Password Breach Check
- FirefoxMonitor - Data Breach Check / GitHub
- BreachDirectory, Snusbase, Leak Lookup, Trufflehog / Discord / GitHub or LeakPeek / Discord - Data Breach Search Engines
- Intelligence X - Password Breach Check / GitHub
- psbdmp - Password Breach Check
- ScatteredSecrets - Password Breach Check
- BreachDetective - Password Breach Check
▷ Fingerprinting / Tracking
- ⭐ CanvasBlocker - Prevent Canvas Fingerprinting
- ⭐ CreepJS, webkay, browserrecon, TZP, Device Info, Cover Your Tracks or PersonalData - Tracking / Fingerprinting Tests
- ClearURLs - Remove Tracking Elements from URLs / Can Break Sites / GitHub / GitLab
- Webbkoll or Blacklight - Site Tracking Info
- Data Removal Guide - Remove Online Data
- GameIndustry - Block Trackers in Desktop / Mobile Games
- BrowserLeaks, Do I leak? or IPLeak.net - IP Leak Tests
- JShelter - Prevent Fingerprinting / Warning / Source Code
- Locale Switcher, 2 - Change Language Identifier / GitHub
- AnonymousRedirect - Anonymize Links
- Simple Opt Out - Turn off Targeted Ads / GitHub
- X.com Direct - Removes t.co Tracking from X.com
▷ Search Engines
- 🌐 Search Engine Party - Privacy Search Engine Comparisons / GitLab
- 🌐 Instance Scores or Searx Index - Searx Instance Indexes
- ⭐ FMHY Searx, searx.space / .onion or searx.be - SearXNG Instances / GitHub
- ⭐ DuckDuckGo - Own Crawler + Third Parties / Shortcuts, 2 / Subreddit
- Fuck Off Google, searx.neocities, nixnet or monocles - Searx Instances
- Whoogle - Whoogle Instance / Uses Google
- LibreY - Privacy Respecting Metasearch Engine
- 4get - Proxy Search Engine / Git
- Mojeek / Subreddit
- Qwant - Uses Bing (partially) / Discord
- Swisscows - Uses Bing
- YaCy - Decentralized / GitHub
- Startpage - Uses Google / Subreddit
- Brave Search - Private Search
- ekoru - Uses Bing
- Gibiru - Uses Google
- SearXNG - Self-Hosted / GitHub
- Whoogle - Uses Google / Self-Hosted
► VPN
- Note - For torrenting, it's recommended to use a paid rather than free VPN. Free VPNs are only really useful for things like viewing sites blocked by your ISP / country.
- 🌐 Techlore Chart - VPN Comparison Charts
- 🌐 VPN Relationships, 2 - VPN Relationship Chart
- ⭐ /r/VPNs - Discussion Forum
- ⭐ WARP - Free / Unlimited / Setup Guide / CLI / Mobile Client / Desktop Client
- ⭐ Windscribe - Has Free Plan / 10GB Monthly / Subreddit / GitHub
- ⭐ Proton VPN - No Torrenting with Free Plan / Unlimited / Config Generation / Subreddit / Telegram / GitHub
- ⭐ RiseupVPN - Free / Unlimited / Config CLI Script / GitHub
- ⭐ AirVPN - Paid / .onion / GitHub / GitLab
- Mullvad VPN - Paid / No-Logging / Port Warning / GitHub
- IVPN - Paid / No Logging / Port Warning / Subreddit / GitHub
- ESET VPN - Free / Unlimited
- PrivadoVPN - Free / 10GB Monthly / Unlimited Accounts via Temp Mail
- Bitmask - Free / Unlimited / GitLab, 2
▷ VPN Tools
- ↪️ Free VPN Configs
- ⭐ How to Bind VPN to Client - Bind VPN to Client to Avoid ISP Letters
- ⭐ WireGuard - VPN Tunnel / Setup Guide / Tools / Web UI / Source Code
- WGDashboard - WireGuard Manager / Discord / GitHub
- OpenVPN or tinc VPN / GitHub / GitLab - VPN Tunnels
- WireHole - WireGuard VPN with Adblocking Capabilities / Web UI
- VpnHood, IPsec VPN or Outline / Subreddit / GitHub - Self-Hosted VPNs
- Self Hosted VPN - Pi-Hole + WireGuard on Google Cloud
- OpenConnect - SSL VPN / GUI / GitLab
- Gluetun - Docker through VPN
- Pritunl - VPN Server / GitHub
- Algo VPN - Cloud VPN / GitHub
- Amnezia - Self-Hosted VPN / Subreddit / Telegram / GitHub
- VPN Hotspot - Share VPN Connection over Hotspot
► Proxy
▷ Proxy Apps
- Hola Proxy - Alternative Client for Hola Free Proxy Service
- Snowflake - Tor Proxy Browser Extension
- Censor Tracker / Telegram / GitHub, SmartProxy, FoxyProxy or ZeroOmega - Proxy Extensions
- Acrylic - Local DNS Proxy
- SimpleDnsCrypt or DNSCrypt / GitHub - Local DNS Encryption Proxy
- Blocky - DNS Proxy / GitHub
- Proxifier - Add Proxy Functionality to Apps / Keys
- wireproxy - WireGuard as Proxy
- Hiddify - Auto-Proxy Client / Telegram / GitHub
- Ultraviolet / GitHub or Nebula - Self-Hosted Proxy Sites
- Nginx Proxy Manager - Self-Hosted Proxy Server / Subreddit / GitHub
- 1337x Proxy - 1337x Proxy Guide / Example
- Titanium Network - Proxy Developer / Instances / GitHub
▷ Proxy Sites
- Note - Keep in mind many proxy sites log info like IP address, sites visited, etc. They're useful for unblocking sites, but not very useful for privacy.
- ↪️ Proxy Lists
- ↪️ Piracy Site Proxies
- ⭐ Alu / Discord
- Holy Unblocker / GitHub
- SSLSecureProxy, 2, 3
- Free Proxy, 2
- ProxyOf2
- Phantom
- Reflect4, CroxyProxy or Blockaway
- Delusionz
- ProxyPal / Telegram
- Proxyium
- Szvy Central, 2, 3, 4, 5
- Google Translate / Explanation, 2
- Proxy Checker, proxy-scraper or proxy-scraper-checker - Proxy Scrapers / Checkers
- CheckSocks5 - SOCKS5 Proxy Checker
▷ Anti-Censorship
- ⭐ Censorship Bypass Guide - Censorship Bypass Guide
- ⭐ No Thought is a Crime - Internet Censorship Discussion
- ⭐ zapret, GoodbyeDPI / GUI, PowerTunnel or Green Tunnel - DPI Circumvention Local Proxies
- Shadowsocks - Proxy Client and Self-Hosted Server / Free Servers, 2, 3 / GitHub
- Psiphon - Anti-Censorship Proxy / VPN / GitHub
- Lantern - Anti-Censorship Proxy / Slowed Past 250MB / GitHub
- FreeSocks - Shadowsocks Proxies / GitHub
- Hi!Load VPN - Censorship Resistant Proxies / 30GB per month / No Torrenting / Support
- Hysteria - Anti-Censorship Client and Self-Hosted Server / Telegram / GitHub
- Project X - Anti-Censorship Client and Self-Hosted Server / Telegram, 2
- sing-box - Anti-Censorship Client / Telegram / GitHub
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:10:35► Android APKs
▷ Modded APKs
- ⭐ Mobilism - Free Books / Sign-Up Required / App / User Ranks
- ⭐ 4PDA - App / Use Translator / Captcha Note, 2
- ⭐ RockMods / Telegram
- ⭐ PlatinMods
- LiteAPKs / App / Note / Telegram
- Modyolo / Note / Telegram
- Nsane Forums
- PDALife / App / Telegram / Discord
- Sbenny
- farsroid
- APKSum
- AndroidRepublic
- Androeed, 2 / Telegram
- AndroPalace / Telegram
- Android1 / Telegram
- APKVision
- A2Z APK / Telegram
- HappyMod / Telegram
- APK4Free / Telegram
- Release APK
- ReXDL
- Android APK CSE / CSE 2 / CSE 3 or App Finder - APK Search Engines
▷ Telegram Channels
Note - These also contain modded APKs similar to the section above.
- ⭐ Youarefinished Mods, ANiK555_Mods, alexstranniklite, AMRTSOFFICIAL, Sam Mods, GetMod or MustHave - Modded Apps
- ⭐ Satriyaid - Modded Editing Apps
- Tech Day - Modded Editing Apps
- Modules Repository - Mobile Customization Index
- EasyAPK - Modded Apps / Games
- AyraProject - Custom ROM / Ports
▷ Untouched APKs
- ↪️ Free App Giveaways - App Giveaway Sites
- ⭐ APKMirror / Extension Links
- ⭐ UpToDown
- ⭐ APKCombo
- ⭐ Aurora Store - Alt App Store / GitLab
- APKPure, 2
- Play Search - Advanced Playstore Search
- Android Ultimate Collection
- APKMonk
- APKToy
- Astro Android - Telegram
- Material-You-app-list / Telegram / GitHub
- NikGapps - Google App Packages / Telegram
- Shelf - App Recommendations
- MiniReview - Game Recommendations
▷ FOSS APKs
- 🌐 AAA, Cool FOSS or Android FOSS - FOSS App Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome Android Root - Rooted App Index / GitHub
- 🌐 Awesome Shizuku - Shizuku App Index / Tools
- ⭐ FossifyOrg - Simple FOSS Apps
- ⭐ Droid-ify - FOSS App Installer
- F-Droid or Awesome F-Droid / GitHub - FOSS App Installer / Basic
- F-Droid Tools - Repositories / Desktop / Build Status / Advanced Search
- Goodwy - Simple FOSS Apps
- Neo Store - FOSS App Installer
- IzzyOnDroid - FOSS Apps / F-Droid
- You Apps - FOSS Apps / GitHub
- FossDroidAndroid - FOSS Apps / Telegram
- GrapheneOS Apps - Work on Non-GrapheneOS Devices
▷ App Launchers
- 🌐 Launcher Comparison Table
- ⭐ Lawnchair - Pixel-Based Launcher / Feed / Icons / Telegram / GitHub
- ⭐ Niagara Launcher - Single-Hand Launcher / Telegram
- ⭐ SmartLauncher, 2 - Customizable Launcher / Telegram
- ⭐ Kvaesitso - Search-Focused Launcher / GitHub
- Smart Dock - Desktop App Launcher / GitHub
- KISS or TBLauncher - Low-Memory Usage Launcher
- Discreet Launcher - Minimalist / Clean Launcher
- Lunar Launcher - Minimalist / Clean Launcher
- OlauncherCF or mLauncher - Minimalist / Clean Launcher
- Focus Launcher - Minimalist / Clean Launcher
- NeoLauncher - Customizable Launcher
- Unlauncher - Distraction-Free Launcher
- Notcha - Secondary Launcher
- PixelLauncherMods - Enable Features in Stock App Launcher / Root
- QuickSwitch - Enable Quickstep in Launchers
- Activity Launcher - Activity Launch Shortcuts
▷ APK Tools
- ⭐ AppManager, UpdateMe (modded), Inure or PackageManager - Package Managers
- ⭐ Lucky Patcher - App Patcher
- ⭐ Lucky Patcher Tools - Guide / Compatibility / Subreddit / Discord
- ⭐ Obtainium / Configs / GitHub, UpgradeAll, APKUpdater or InstallerX (root) - APK Installers / Updaters
- Direct Download From Google Play - Add Direct DL Links to Google Play
- GBox - GMS Google Box
- InstallWithOptions - Install / Merge APKs with Extra Options
- APK Editor Studio or Apktool M - APK Editing / Merging
- AntiSplit-M - Merge Split APKs
- Raccoon - Private APK Downloader
- APKeep - APK Download CLIs
- APKTool - APK Reverse Engineering Tool / GitHub
- CorePatch - Disable Signature Verification / Telegram
- Zygisk Detach - Detach APKs from Google Play Store / Telegram
- Beta Maniac - Beta Release Notifications
- Let Me Downgrade - Downgrade Apps on Android 12/13 / Root
- APKAdmin - APK Hosting Site
▷ ReVanced Tools
- 🌐 ReVanced Mega - ReVanced Resources / Megathread
- 🌐 ReVanced-Patch-Bundles - ReVanced Patch Index
- ⭐ ReVanced Manager - Android App Patcher / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ ReVanced Obtainium Guide - Update ReVanced Apps Automatically
- ReVanced Troubleshooting Guide
- RVX Manager - ReVanced Extended / Subreddit
- ReVanced Non-Root - Pre-Built RV & RVX APKs / Telegram
- ReVanced Magisk Module - ReVanced Builder / Config Gen / Telegram
- ReVanced CLI - CLI Patcher / Guide / TUI Wrapper
▷ Social Media Apps
- 🌐 /reddit clients/ - Android Reddit Client Comparisons
- ↪️ Social Media Tools
- ↪️ Telegram Clients
- ↪️ Twitch Adblockers
- ⭐ Revenge / Plugins / Fonts, 2 / Discord or Aliucord / Discord - Modded Discord Clients
- ⭐ Reddit Client Patch, Stealth or RedReader - Reddit Clients / Patch Guide
- ⭐ Voyager / GitHub, Jerboa, Eternity, summit, Raccoon or Thunder - Lemmy Clients / Index
- ⭐ Tusky, Dhaaga, tooot, SubwayTooter, Moshidon or Dimett - Mastodon Clients
- ⭐ piko / Telegram / GitHub, Quacker or Squawker - Twitter/X Apps
- Watomatic / GitHub or AutoResponder - Chat App Auto-Responders
- MessengerEx - Facebook Messenger Adblocker
- Openvibe - Combine Social Media Apps
- Xtra, BBTV, Twire or Frosty / GitHub - Twitch Clients
- Graysky - Bluesky Client
- Mumla or Meshenger - Voice Chat
- Kizzy - Discord Rich Presence / GitHub
- Dumpus - View Discord Data / Self host for Privacy
- DankChat - Talk in Multiple Twitch Chats at Once
- OldLander - Improve Old Reddit
- Kuroba or Chan - 4chan Apps
- InstaEclipse, Instadev / Telegram or MyInsta - Modded Instagram Clients / Tools
- TikTokModCloud - Modded TikTok Client
- MessengerPro or Nobook - Modded Facebook Messenger
- Telegram-Themer or Telegram Monet / Telegram - Telegram Theme Creators
- Launch Chat, WhatsAppNoContact or Tellurium - Number-Free WhatsApp Chat
- WaEnhancer (root) - WhatsApp Patcher
- Whatsapp Backup Reader - Read Exported Whatsapp Chats
- FakeWhats or FakeInfo - Fake WhatsApp Messages
- WhatsAppCleaner - Clean Redundant WhatsApp Media Files
- FouadMODS or SE Extended / Telegram - Snapchat Clients
► Android Device
- 🌐 Manufacturer Specific - Manufacturer Specific Mobile Tools
- ↪️ Device Comparisons
- ⭐ XDA - Android Discussion Forum / Discord
- ⭐ ADB AppControl or Octi - Android Device Managers
- ⭐ scrcpy / Mobile App, PlainApp, anl, WebADB or QtScrcpy - Control Android via Desktop
- Plexus - De-Googled Device Compatibility / GitHub
- GSMHosting - GSM Discussion Forum
- AVNC or DroidVNC-NG - Remote Desktop Clients / VNC
- EtchDroid - Write OS Images to USB Drive
- Techbone or LunarEclipseCode - Android Usage Guides
- ADB101 - Android Debug Bridge Setup Guide
- G-CPU - Hardware Monitor
- Castro, Device Info HW, Athena, DevCheck or SysLog - Device Info
- Swappa or SickW - IMEI, MEID, ESN Checker
- Fix My Speakers - Eject Water from Phone Speakers
- FlashDim - Adjust Flashlight Brightness
- Fire Toolbox - Fire Tablet Tools
▷ Optimization
- ⭐ Canta - Android Debloater / Requires Shizuku / GitHub
- ⭐ Universal Android Debloater v2 - Android Debloater
- ⭐ Hail - Auto-Deactivate Unused Apps
- De-Bloater - Android Debloater / Root
- Uninstall Bloatware - Android Debloating Guide
- Blocker - Component Controller
- Tweaker - Android System Tweaks / Features
- GearJail - Android Guides / Resources
▷ Customization
- ⭐ Iconify (root), RBoard / GitHub, ColorBlendr (requires shizuku) or Substratum - Theme Managers
- ⭐ /r/AndroidThemes - Android Themes Subreddit
- ⭐ Mobile Abyss - Wallpapers
- PixelXpert or Dashbud / Discord - Android Customization Apps
- DualWallpaper - Change Wallpaper Depending on System Theme
- Muzei, Doodle or Amoled Backgrounds - Live Android Wallpapers
- /r/iWallpaper or /r/MobileWallpaper - Mobile Wallpaper Subs
- wallhaven.cc - Wallpapers
- Wallpaper Engine - Wallpapers
- wallman - Wallpapers
- WallYou - Wallpapers
- Paperize - Wallpapers
- Diffuse - Live Audio Wallpapers
- Candybar, Arcticons or Alembicons - Custom Icon Packs
▷ Battery Tools
- SaverTuner - Battery Monitor / Manager / Root
- Charge Meter - Battery Monitor / Manager
- BatteryGuru - Battery Monitor / Manager
- Batt - Battery Monitor / Manager
- aBattery - Battery Monitor / Manager
- AccuBattery - Battery Monitor / Manager
- Ampere - Battery Monitor / Manager
- Battarang - Battery Monitor / Manager / GitHub
- ClassicPowerMenu - Android Power Menu Replacement / Root
- BatteryTool (root) or Drowser (root) - Freeze App Background Activities
▷ Camera Tools
- ⭐ Google Lens - Multiple Camera Tools
- ⭐ Gallery, Aves, PhotosGo, Ente / GitHub, Photok, Stingle, QuickPic, UhuruPhotos / GitHub, Google Photos or Gallery 2.0 - Photo / Video Galleries
- ⭐ Reincubate Camo, Iriun or DroidCam - Use Android as Webcam
- Sponge - Image Gallery Cleaner
- googlecameraport - Google Cam Downloads / Telegram / XML Configs
- Libre Camera, GrapheneOS Camera, Blackmagic Camera, ProofMode or Open Camera - FOSS Camera Apps
- FadCam - Background Video Recorder
- Alibi or DroidDashcam - Mobile Dashcams
- Material Photo Widget - Homescreen Photo Widget
- ImageToolbox, PicsArt, Hypic, Snapseed, PhotoLayers, Photo Editor or Pixomatic - Image Editors
- Memetastic - Meme Creators
- Gcam-Services-Provider - Use Google Cam without Google Play
- PhotoScan - Easily Scan & Digitize Photos
- BarcodeScanner or BinaryEye - QR / Barcode Scanners
- TimeLapseCam - Timelapse Camera
- Color Camera - Change Image Colors
- Imagepipe - Image Size Reducer
- FFShare - Compress Videos / Images
- RealSR, Galaxy Enhance-X or Superimage - Image Upscalers
- EasyWatermark or free-watermark - Add Watermark to Images
- AndroidOCR - Extract Text from Images
- SauceNAO - Reverse Image Search / Some NSFW
- AppMockUp - Screenshot Builder
- Scrambled Exif, MetadataRemover or exif-eraser - Remove Image Metadata
- VES-Image-Compare - Easily Compare Images
▷ Keyboard Tools
- ⭐ FUTO Keyboard - Privacy-Focused Keyboard
- ⭐ Florisboard - Privacy-Focused Keyboard
- ⭐ HeliBoard - Customizable Privacy-Focused Keyboard / Layouts Guide
- Gboard - Keyboard
- SwiftKey - Keyboard
- Unexpected Keyboard - Keyboard
- AnySoftKeyboard - Privacy-Focused Keyboard
- Thumb-Key - Swipe Keyboard
- Flickboard - Keyboard
- KeyboardGPT - AI Keyboard
- Sayboard - AI Voice Keyboard
- KeyMapper - Remap Keys / Docs / Discord
▷ Screen Tools
- Quick Cursor - Cursor for Large Smartphones
- Caffeine or KeepScreenOn - Keep Screen On
- FakeStandby - Turn Off the Screen While App is Running
- KineStop - Prevent Motion Sickness
▷ Number / SMS
- ⭐ Quik - Stock Messaging App Replacement
- ⭐ Yet Another Call Blocker / GitLab, Should I Answer?, SpamBlocker or Silence - Block Spam Calls
- ⭐ Fossify Apps - Messages / Phone / Contacts
- ConnectYou - Contacts / SMS App
- OpenContacts - Save Contacts to Separate Database
- android-call-recorder or BCR / GUI - Call Recorders
- Logger - View / Export Call Logs
- The National Do Not Call Registry - Opt Out of Telemarketing Calls
- Scammer.Info - Scam Numbers Database
- Spectrum Ownership Map - Mobile Network Comparisons
- Prepaid SIM Cards - Prepaid Data SIM Card Wiki
- Walkie-Talkie or Codec2 Talkie - Walkie-Talkie Apps
- TxtEmNow - Send Anonymous Texts
- SMS-IE - Import / Export SMS Messages
▷ Root / Flash
- 🌐 Bootloader Unlock: Wall of Shame - Bootlocker Limit Index
- ⭐ Magisk, KernelSU, KernelSU-Next, MagiskOnWSALocal, APatch, MTKClient or Mtk Easy Su - Android Root Tools
- ⭐ Magisk Tools - Module Manager / Mods / Support Layer / PlayIntegrity Fix, 2, 3 / Fix Guide / Alt Repo
- ⭐ Android Docker - Run Docker on Android
- Rooting Guides - Android Root Guides
- ADB-and-FastbootPlusPlus - ADB / Fastboot Programs
- aShell or aShellYou - ADB Shells
- LogFox - LogCat Reader
- Amazing Temp Root - MediaTek Temp Root
- TWRP Root / Telegram or UnofficialTWRP - TWRP Root
- Orangefox or SkyHawk - Custom Recovery Firmware
- Smali Patcher - Android System Patcher
- Albastuz3d - Stock Phone ROMs
- ConnectBot - SSH Client
- LSPosed - LSPosed Framework
- PixelFlasher - Pixel Phone Flashing GUI
▷ Operating Systems
- 🌐 Android ROM Comparisons or Android ROM List
- ⭐ CustomRomBay - ROMs Compatibility Search
- ⭐ GrapheneOS - Security / Privacy Hardened Android / Discord / Telegram
- CalyxOS - Privacy-Focused OS
- LineageOS - Privacy-Focused OS / Discord / MicroG
► Android Tools
▷ Android Utilities
- ↪️ Android Calculators
- ⭐ MacroDroid / Subreddit, Tasker or Automate / Subreddit - Android Automation
- Toolbox, Tooly or fooView - Multi-Tool Apps
- LightCut, open-video-editor or Vaux - Video Editors
- auto-auto-rotate - Per App Rotation Settings
- Geto - Custom App Settings / Requires Shizuku
- Catima - Loyalty Card Managers
- Shortcut Maker or Quikshort - Create App Shortcuts
- Touch The Notch or Action Notch - Use Camera Notch as Button
- TapTap - Android Back Gesture Controls
- Shelter, Island or Insular - Isolate / Clone Apps
- Circle to Search or MiCTS - Circle to Search
- notesGPT or AudioNote - Video / Voice Recorders
- DeepSeek - AI Chatbot
- ChatBox, Maid, ChatterUI or PocketPal AI - Local AI Chatbots
- Chai - Roleplaying Chatbots
- Audio-Recorder - Audio Recorder
- Noiseun Canceller - Audio Surrounding Recorder
- Voiceliner - Voice Memos / GitHub
- TouchDroid, Mousedroid or USB HID Client (root) - Use Device as PC Mouse / Keyboard
- Android Virtual Pen - Use Device as PC Virtual Pen
- Listy or HypeList - Create Lists of Anything
- VoiceGPT or Dicio - Voice Assistants
- Novelist - Writing App
- Tunity - Hear Muted TVs
- Trail Sense - Wilderness Survival App / GitHub
- SensorServer - Use Phone as Accelerometer
- Unified Remote - Universal Remotes
- GitNex - Forgejo and Gitea Client for Android
- LSPatch - Non-root Xposed Framework
▷ Android Adblocking
- ↪️ DNS Adblocking
- ⭐ Rethink DNS / Blocklists, personalDNSfilter, DNSWarden / GitHub or Pi-hole - DNS Adblockers
- ⭐ System Wide Adblocking - System Wide Adblocking Guide
- ⭐ AdGuard Premium - Adblocking App
- ⭐ uBlock Origin - Firefox / Chromium
- ⭐ Hermit / 2 - Web App Container
- AdAway - Adblocking App / GitHub
- PrivateDNSAndroid - DNS Switchers
▷ Android Privacy
- 🌐 Awesome Android Security - Security Resources
- ↪️ Encrypted Messengers
- ↪️ Android 2FA
- ⭐ TrackerControl / GitHub, Permission Pilot, Exodus / 2 or PermissionManagerX - App Permission Managers
- ⭐ VirusTotal or Pithus - APK / URL Virus Scanners
- ⭐ URLCheck, Leon, LinkSheet, Tarnhelm or Untracker - URL Cleaners / Tracking Removal
- ⭐ Shadowsocks-Android - Shadowsocks Proxy App
- ⭐ NekoBoxForAndroid / Warning or Matsuri - Proxy Toolchains
- ⭐ TorServices or Orbot - Tor Proxy Apps
- ⭐ ByeDPIAndroid or Lantern - Anti-Censorship Proxies
- ⭐ XPL-EX or InviZible - Privacy Managers
- ⭐ Amarok, Aer or SafeSpace - Hide Files / Apps
- Ceno Browser - Proxy Browser / GitHub
- husi - Proxy Config Manager
- WG Tunnel - WireGuard VPN App / Discord / Telegram / GitHub
- Oblivion - Warp Client
- Intra - Proxies
- Privacy Guides - Android Privacy Guides
- DroidFS - Encrypted File Managers
- LibChecker - View App Third-Party Libraries
- Sapio - Scan Apps for Google Dependency
- NetGuard - Block Internet Access Per App / GitHub
- AirGuard - AirTag Tracking Protection
- AFWall+ (root) or Rethink App / GitHub, Karma - Firewalls
- v2rayNG - Build Privacy Network
- Open SSTP Client - SSTP Client
- SimpleLogin or Anonaddy - Email Forwarding
- AndroidFaker - Device ID Spoofing / Root
- TrustDevice-Android - Create Device Identifiers
- Keyoxide - Verify Decentralized Cryptographic Identities
- Hide My Applist (root) - Hide Applist
- adb-clear-packages - Clear Android Packages Data
- PilferShushJammer - Microphone Jamming Techniques
- JustUseApp - App Subscription Reviews
▷ Android Internet
- ⭐ KeePassDX, BitWarden, Keyguard, Proton Pass, AuthPass, KeyPass, Keepass2Android / GitHub - Password Managers
- ⭐ Thunderbird, K-9 Mail, Tuta, SimpleMail, Monocles or FairCode - Email Clients
- ⭐ PairVPN Hotspot, Tetherfi or NetShare - Create Wi-Fi Hotspots
- ⭐ Network Survey, PCAPdroid or keepitup - Network Monitors
- Wolfram Alpha - Searchable Knowledge Base
- Feeder, Pluma RSS, Twine, FeedMe, news / GitHub, nunti, Aggregator News, CapyReader or ReadYou - RSS Readers
- NewsBang - News App / US Only
- Hacki, Harmoni or Glider - Tech News / HN Apps
- DataMonitor - Data Usage Monitor
- PINCredible - PIN Manager
- Linkora / Discord, Link Manager, Shiori - Bookmark Managers
- NativeAlpha - Run Websites in Borderless Window
- EasyOpenLink - Easily Open Links in Text via Share Function
- PassAndroid - Manage Virtual Tickets / Passes
- Blabber.im or Conversations - XMPP Apps
- IRCCloud, Goguma or Revolution IRC - IRC Clients
- NFC Tools - Read / Write NFC Tags
- GMS-Flags - Turn Google Flags On/Off / Root
- SubX or SubscriptionManager - Track Subscription Services
- WiFiman, WiFiAnalyzer / GitHub or WLANScanner - Network Scanners
- Fing - Network Toolkit
▷ Android Browsers
- Note - This section covers both normal and privacy-focused browsers.
- ⭐ Firefox - Customizable Browser / Focus / Nightly
- ⭐ Cromite - Chromium-Based Browser w/ Built-in Adblock / Filter / Adblock Scripts
- ⭐ Brave - Chromium-Based Browser w/ Built-in Adblock / Privacy-Focused
- ⭐ IronFox - Mull Browser Fork / Privacy-Focused
- ⭐ Tor - Onion-Routed Browser / Privacy-Focused
- Iceraven Browser or Fennec - Customizable Browsers Based on Firefox
- FFUpdater - Multi-Browser Updater
- Privacy Browser - Customizable Browser / Privacy-Focused
- Eruda - Mobile Browser Console / Userscript / GitHub
- MobiDevTools - Firefox Inspect Element
▷ Android File Tools
- ⭐ MiXplorer, 2 - Advanced Root File Explorer / Manager / Themes
- ⭐ SD Maid - File Manager / Data Cleaner / Discord
- ⭐ MaterialFiles - File Manager
- ⭐ File-Manager - File Manager
- ⭐ ZArchiver or ZipXtract - File Archivers
- ⭐ SyncThing Fork - File Sync / Sharing
- ⭐ LocalSend - File Sharing
- ⭐ pairdrop or Snapdrop Android - File Sharing
- ⭐ Cx File Explorer, Total Commander, FileNavigator / GitHub, File Explorer Compose, Xplore or AmazeFileManager / Utilities - File Managers / Explorers
- 1DM / Extra Features, ADM or FDM - Download Managers
- Aria2App - Download Manager Controller
- Round Sync or MetaCTRL - Multi-Site Cloud Storage File Managers
- AdbFileManager - Manage Android File via Windows
- Dropbox / Sync - Cloud Storage
- RSAF - Add RClone Remotes to Android Storage Framework
- aQRoss - QR Code File Sharing
- iyox-Wormhole or Wormhole - File Sync / Sharing
- CrocGUI - File Sync / Sharing
- qrcp - File Sync / Sharing / GitHub
- Disky - Disk Usage Analyzer / GitHub
- Adebar, OpenAndroidBackup / GitHub, DataBackup (root), Swift Backup, Neo Backup (root) - Device Backup Tools
- Folder in Folder - Create Subfolders
- Marc Files - File Manager Shortcut
- PDF2Images - PDF to Image Converter
- Package Name Viewer - Package Name Viewer
- Hask Checker - File Hash Checkers
- HexViewer - Hex Viewer
▷ Android Text Tools
- ↪️ Android Code Editors
- ⭐ Obsidian - Highly Customizable Note-Taking App
- ⭐ Easy Notes - Minimalistic Note-Taking App
- ⭐ Notesnook - E2E Encrypted Note-Taking App
- ⭐ Acode / GitHub or QuickEdit - Text / Code Editors
- ⭐ FUTO Voice or Transcribro - Voice-Input Keyboards
- ⭐ Look Up, Livio or AARD2, NotificationDictionary or Ciyue - Dictionary Apps
- ⭐ Eleven Reader - Text to Speech
- Xed-Editor - Text / Code Editor
- Markor - Text Editor with Markdown Support
- OpenNote, neutriNote or OneNote - Note-Taking Apps with Markdown / Math Support
- Quillpad / GitHub - Note-Taking App with Markdown Support
- Safe Notes / GitHub - AES-256 Encrypted Note-Taking App
- Notebook, NotePad, Notally or Google Keep - Multi-media Note-Taking Apps
- ColorNote - Simple / Minimalistic Note-Taking App
- Walling or Workflowy - Note-Taking Apps for Projects
- Moe Memos - Self-hosted Note-Taking App
- Writer Plus - Note-Taking App for Writers
- Saber or Notein - Note-Taking Apps for Handwritten Notes
- OSS Document Scanner, Adobe Scanner, vFLat Scan or OpenScan - Document Scanners
- OpenDocument or LibreOffice Viewer - Document Readers
- Paperless - Document Manager
- DiaryVault - Diary App
- DeepLAndroid, RTranslator or TranslateYou - Translation Apps
- UnicodePad - Emoji / Unicode Manager / GitHub
- Memory Guardian or Clipboard CopyPaste - Clipboard Managers
▷ To-Do Apps
- ⭐ Tasks - Customizable To-Do App with Sync Support
- ⭐ SnapTick - To-Do App with Pomodoro Timer
- Any.do, Orgzly-revived or Taskito - To-Do Apps with Sync Support
- doable - To-Do App with Sync / Extensions Support
- Alkaa, Chaos Control 2 or Twos - Simple To-Do Apps
- EverydayTasks - To-do App with Statistics
▷ Notifications / Widgets
- ⭐ ntfy / Discord, AppRise or PingMe - Custom Push Notifications
- Compass QS Tile or QuickTiles - Quick Setting Tiles
- KWGT Widgets - Custom Android Widgets
- Smartspacer - Custom Android "At a Glance" Widget
- Notification Listener - Save / Pin Notifications
- ClassicPowerMenu - Android Power Menu Replacement / Root
▷ Date & Time
- ⭐ Sleep as Android - Clock / Alarm
- JTX, Etar, digical or TimeTreeApp - Calendars
- QRAlarm - Alarm / QR Code Control
- Calendar Notifications - Calendar in Notifications
- Birday - Birthday Calendar
- Sectograph, Journal it or TimePlanner - Planner Apps
- Daily You - Daily Journal / Picture / Mood tracker
- FamilyWall - Family Organization Planner
- Sleep Cycle - Clock / Alarm
- Clock - Clock / Alarm
- Chrono - Clock / Alarm
▷ Productivity Trackers
- ↪️ Text Editors / To-Do
- ⭐ Table Habit - Habit Tracker
- StayFree - Digital Productivity Tracker / App Blocker
- Folksable - Social Habit Tracker
- Loop Habit Tracker - Habit Tracker
- HabitBuilder - Habit Tracker
- Grit - Habit Tracker
- MoreDays - Habit Tracker
- TheFor - Habit Tracker
- Unlock Master - Digital Habit Tracker
- Mindful - Digital Productivity Tracker / App Blocker
- Ascent - App Blocker
- ScreenZen - Website / App Blocker
- MyBrain - Productivity Tracker
- SimpleTimeTracker - Productivity / Time Tracker
- Success - Productivity Tracker
- Goodtime - Productivity Tracker
- timeto.me - Time Management Tracker / GitHub
▷ Maps / Location
- ↪️ Navigation / Transport Apps
- FindMyDevice, phonetrack / 2 or AutoWhatsAppTriggers - Track Phones Location
- OwnTracks, Hauk, Positional / 2, GPSCockpit, GPSTest or GnssLogger - Track Own Location / GPS
- Android-Mock-Location or GPS JoyStick Guide (root) - Fake GPS Location
- MetaRadar - Track Devices Following You
- WTMP - Detect When Phone is Touched
- LockWatch or CrookCatcher - Locate / Recover Stolen Phone
- Alpi Maps - Offline Maps
- WiFi Space or WiFi Map - Public WiFi Maps
- EV-Map - Electronic Vehicle Charging Map
- LavSeeker - Public Toilet Map
- Transportr - Public Transport Assistant
- Fuel.io - Vehicle Fuel Tracking
- Aftership - Package Tracker
▷ Weather Apps
- ⭐ WeatherMaster
- ⭐ Breezy Weather
- ⭐ OpenWeather
- OSS Weather
- AccuWeather / Extra Features
- Rain
- Weawow
- KWeather
- Meteored
- Overmorrow
- Bura
- omWeather
- Suntimes - Sunlight / Moonlight Display App
► Android Emulators
- 🌐 Emulators on Android
- ⭐ Termux - Terminal Emulator
- ⭐ Termux Tools - YT-DL / GUI / Beautify
- ⭐ mobox, Box64Droid or Winlator / Compatibility / GitHub - Windows Emulators on Android
- Limbo or TermOne Plus - Windows Emulator on Android / Terminal Emulators / OS Environments
- Ubuntu on Android - Ubuntu Emulator / GitHub
- /r/EmulationOnAndroid - Android Game Emulation Subreddit
- Dan's Palace - Android / PSVita PC Game Ports Discord / Telegram
- Visual Novels Android - Android Visual Novel Ports
- Source Engine 4 Android - Source Engine Ports
- JoiPlay - RPG Maker Game Interpreter
- AdrenoToolsDrivers - Adreno Drivers for Android Emulators / Systemwide
▷ Android on Windows
- Warning - Closed-source emulators (like Nox) contain intrusive ads and trackers, so it's best to use open-source options or android subsystems.
- 🌐 Android Emulators - Android Emulator Index
- ↪️ Android on Linux
- ⭐ WSABuilds / Windows Subsystem / Pre-built Binaries
- ⭐ Google Play Games - Android Mobile Games on Windows
- Docker Android - Android on Docker
- Genymotion - Cloud Emulator
- Nox - Android Emulator / Debloat
- BlueStacks - Android Emulator
- GameLoop - Android Emulator
- MuMu or MuMu Nebula - Android Emulator
- MeMu - Android Emulator / Debloat
- LDPlayer - Android Emulator / Debloat
▷ Linux on Android
- postmarketOS - Alpine-Based
- Ubuntu Touch - Ubuntu-Based
- Mobian - Debian-Based
► Android Torrenting
- Note - Remember to get a VPN before torrenting and bind it to your client if it allows.
- ⭐ LibreTorrent - Torrent Client / GitHub
- Tixati - Torrent Client / Allows Binding
- BiglyBT - Torrent Client / Allows Binding
- tTorrent - Torrent Client
- FDM - Torrent Client
- Flud - Torrent Client
- TorrServe - Torrent Client
- 1DM - Torrent Client / Extra Features
- Trireme - Deluge Client
- Transdroid - Manage BitTorrent Clients / GitHub / F-Droid
- nzb360 - NZB / Torrent Manager
► Android Reading
- ↪️ Multi-Platform Readers
- ⭐ Mobilism - Free Books / Sign-Up Required / User Ranks
- ⭐ Z-Library - Free Books
- ⭐ KafkaArchives - Archive.org Books / Audiobooks
- ⭐ Librera - Ebook Reader
- ⭐ Moon+ Reader - Ebook Reader / Themes
- ⭐ Legado - Ebook Reader
- ⭐ Readera - Ebook Reader
- ⭐ Smart Audiobook Player - Audiobook Player
- Voice - Audiobook Player
- Sirin - Audiobook Player
- AudioAnchor - Audiobook Player
- PlayBook - Audiobook Player
- eStories - Audiobook Player
- ABS FLutter or Lissen - Self-Hosted Audiobook Server
- Prestigio - Ebook Reader
- JellyBook - Ebook Reader
- Readwise - Ebook Reader
- Sav PDF Viewer Pro - PDF Reader / GitHub
- MJ PDF - PDF Reader
- Aurora - Free Books / LibGen
- Fable - Join / Create Bookclubs
- Project Gutenberg - Free Books
- Openreads, NeverTooManyBooks or Basmo - Book Managers / Trackers
- Wikipedia - Wikipedia App / Beta
- ComicScreen, Bubble2 or Seeneva - Comic Readers
- OpenComicVine - Comic Tracker
- LNReader, Ranobe or IReader - Light Novels
- SoftGoods - Fanfiction
- Bionic Reading - Reading Fixation Points
▷ Android Manga
- ⭐ Mihon / Discord - Manga Reader / Extensions, 2, 3 / Endorsed Forks, 2, 3
- ⭐ Kotatsu - Manga Reader / Nightly / Discord / Telegram
- ⭐ Dantotsu - Manga Reader / Extension Guide / Discord
- Neko - Manga Reader / Discord
- Perfect Viewer - Manga File Viewer
- Manga Tag - Manga File Viewer
- AnimeChicken - Manga File Viewer
- Kinoko - Manga File Viewer
- Kitsune - Manga Tracker
► Android Audio
- ↪️ Song Identification Apps
- ⭐ ReVanced Manager / Discord / GitHub, xManager / Discord or Modded Spotify - Ad-Free Spotify
- ⭐ Spotify Tools - Friend Activity / Mute Ads, 2 / Stats
- ⭐ Seeker - Audio Downloader / Soulseek Frontend
- ⭐ Poweramp Equalizer, RootlessJamesDSP / Guide, FlowEQ or Flat Equalizer - Audio Equalizers
- ⭐ AutomaTag - Metadata Organizer
- ⭐ AudioRelay or Audio Share - Stream Audio Between Devices
- ⭐ Pano Scrobbler - Android Scrobbler
- ⭐ CApod, OpenPods or MaterialPods - AirPod Monitors / Battery Trackers
- ListenBrainz or MusicSearch - Music Tracking / Rating
- YouTubeDL Android - Multi-Site Audio Downloader
- ytdlnis - Multi-Site Audio Downloader
- Seal - Multi-Site Audio Downloader
- Record Player - Find Records on Spotify via Pictures
- Redomi - Multi-Platform Streaming
- SoundCloud - Streaming
- BloomeeTunes - Streaming
- Soundbound App - Streaming / Download / Telegram
- AIDS - Download / MP3
- SaturnMusic or Refreezer - Deezer / FLAC / Requires Premium (Firehawk52)
- Funkwhale, Trebel or Deezer - Streaming
- Azusa - Bilibili Audio Player
- Music Time Travel - Music Discovery
- HZP - Solfeggio Frequency Player
- Airbuds - Friends Listening Activity
- Video to MP3 Converter - Video to MP3
- MP3 Tagger - Automatic Audio ID3 Tagging
- Super Sound - Audio Editor
- Digitron - Audio Synthesizer
- ViPER4Android - Audio Modifier / Equalizer
- Music Maker JAM - Music Creator / Mixer
- audio-analyzer or Spectroid - Audio Spectrum Analyzers
- Black Screen - Turn Off Display While Audio is Playing
- Flip DND - Flip to Activate Do Not Disturb Mode
- AutoDND - App-Activated Do Not Disturb Mode
- Audify - Reduce Notification Distractions
- Volumee or SoundTap - Volume Button Track Control
- VolumeLockr - Volume Locker
- Muviz - Navbar Audio Visualizer
- Musekit or Tack - Tuning Fork / Metronome
- SongSync or Lyricify - Lyrics Apps
- FastLyrics or Rush - Find Lyrics for Playing Song
- Metadator - ID3 Metadata Editor
▷ Android Audio Players
- ⭐ Poweramp
- ⭐ AIMP
- ⭐ Musicolet Music Player
- ⭐ Symphony
- Finamp or Fintunes / GitHub - Jellyfin Audio Players
- Ultrasonic - Subsonic Clients
- Oto Music
- Harmonoid
- VLC for Android
- mpv-android
- Gramophone
- Meloplay
- Foobar2000
- Vanilla Music / GitHub
- Retro Music Player / GitHub
- Auxio
- Nyx Music Player
- mucke
- Lotus / 2
- Phonograph Plus
- Pulse Music
- Zen Music Player
- Salt Player
- Black Candy - Self-Hosted Streaming Server
▷ YouTube Music
- ⭐ OuterTune, Metrolist or InnerTune / 2 - YouTube Music Players / OuterTune Forks
- Musify - YouTube Music Player / GitHub
- Harmony Music - YouTube Music Player
- SimpMusic - YouTube Music Player / GitHub
- spmp - YouTube Music Player
- ViTune - YouTube Music Player
- Namida - YouTube Music Player
- Gyawun - YouTube Music Player
- SongTube - YouTube Music Player
▷ Android Podcasts / Radio
- ⭐ RadioDroid - Radio App
- ⭐ AntennaPod - Podcast Player / GitHub
- ⭐ Pocket Casts - Podcast Player
- IHeartRadio - Podcast / Radio App
- MixCloud - Podcast / Radio App
- TuneIn - Podcast / Radio App
- PodAura - Podcast Player
- Snipd - Podcast Player
- AudioAnchor - Podcast Player
- Escapepod - Podcast Player
- Podbean - Podcast Player
- Podcini - Podcast Player
- Transistor - Radio App
- SiriusXM - Radio App
- Radio Garden - Radio App
- RadioUpnp - Radio App
- DI.FM - Electronic Radio
- Nightwave Plaza - Nightwave Radio
- LISTEN.moe - K-Pop Radio
▷ Android Relaxation
- ⭐ Calm - Relaxation / Sleep App
- ⭐ Medito - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Waking Up - Sam Harris' Mindfulness Platform
- Rain Sounds - Ambient Rain
- A Soft Murmur - Mix Ambient Sounds
- HealthyMinds - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Tide.fm - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Serenity - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Noice - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- myNoise - Background Noises & Interactive Soundscapes
- ZenTimer - Insight Timer
- Lo-fi Clouds Radio - Lo-fi Radio
- Chroma Doze - White Noise Generator
► Android Streaming
- ↪️ Android TV
- ⭐ Stremio - Torrent Streaming / Tools
- ⭐ CloudStream - Movies / TV / Anime
- ⭐ CloudStream Resources - Plugins, 2, 3 / Discord / Docs
- ⭐ HDO Box - Movies / TV / Discord / Telegram / Warning
- ⭐ Kodi - /r/Addons4Kodi / Tracker / Trending
- ⭐ Syncler - Movies / TV / Providers
- ⭐ BubblesUPNP, DMS or Macast - Media Servers
- Cinema HD - Movies / TV
- Movie HD - Movies / TV / Requires AMPlayer
- VivaTV - Movies / TV / Requires TPlayer
- OnStream - Movies / TV
- CineHD - Movies / TV
- PopcornTime - Torrent Streaming / GitHub / Use VPN
- FilmPlus - Movies / TV / Requires BPlayer
- Flixclusive - Movies / TV / Discord / Plugins
- Vega App - Movies / TV
- MovieBox - Movies / TV
- Flixoid - Movies / TV
- BeeTV - Movies / TV
- TeaTV - Movies / TV / Requires TPlayer
- Flixeon - Movies / TV
- Movies Cave - Movies / TV
- LokLok - Movies / TV
- DigilogTV - News TV Channels
- EncoreTVB - Chinese Drama
- aDrama - Asian Drama
- Amnis - Stream Videos from Torrents
- Great Courses Plus Premium - Courses
- MovieDB - TMDB App
- Showly - TV Trackers
▷ Android Video Players
- ⭐ VLC
- ⭐ mpvKt / Nightly Builds
- ⭐ Just Player
- ⭐ SyncPlay - Video Stream Sync
- MX Player / Codec
- mpv-android
- Nova Video Player
- Fermata Media Player
- Next Player
- Audiofy
- Findroid or Streamyfin - JellyFin Clients
- ScreenStream - Cast Device to Screen
- M3UAndroid - Media Player / Telegram
▷ Android Anime
- 🌐 Wotaku - Anime Streaming Index / Discord
- 🌐 EverythingMoe, 2 - Anime App Index / Discord
- ⭐ Aniyomi / Extension Guide
- ⭐ Dantotsu / Extension Guide / Discord
- AniLab
- Anikin
- Animiru
- AnimeChicken
- animity / Discord
- Miru / Discord, Shiru or Migu - Stream Anime Torrents
- DailyAL, MALClient, AL-chan, Nekome, Moelist, Kitsune, AnymeX, AniTrend / GitHub or AniLib - Anime Trackers
▷ Android Live TV
- ⭐ TiviMate - IPTV Player / Extra Features
- Perfect IPTV Player - IPTV Player
- OTTRun - IPTV Player
- OTT Navigator - IPTV Player
- Tiwee - IPTV Player
- iMPlayer - IPTV Player
- IPTV Smarters Pro - IPTV Player
- M3U8 Downloader - M3U8 Download App
- Live Sports HD - Sports
- RBTV77 - Sports
- CRICFy - Sports
- FreeTV - Live TV App / GitHub
▷ Android YouTube Apps
- ⭐ ReVanced Manager - Ad-Free YouTube Patcher / Guide / Discord
- ⭐ GrayJay - YouTube, Twitch, Rumble, etc. / Guide / GitLab / Plugins
- ⭐ LibreTube - Ad-Free YouTube
- ⭐ PipePipe - Ad-Free YouTube / SponsorBlock / ReturnYTDislikes
- ⭐ ytdlnis, Seal, YouTubeDL Android, SnapTube / Note or SongTube - Audio / Video Downloaders
- NewPipe - Ad-Free YouTube
- FluxTube - Ad-Free YouTube
- Tubular - Ad-Free YouTube / SponsorBlock / ReturnYTDislikes
- Clipious - Android Invidious Client
- Hyperion - YouTube Frontend
- SkyTube - YouTube Player
- LastPipeBender - Merges NewPipe + Tubular Features
- NewPipe Fork - Fork with YT, Rumble, Bitchute, ReturnYTDislike and SponsorBlock
- FreeTube Android - YouTube Player
► iOS Tools
- ↪️ Safari Extensions
- ⭐ Bitwarden, Keepassium, AuthPass or Strongbox - Password Managers
- ⭐ PairVPN Hotspot - Create Mobile Hotspots
- ⭐ Reincubate Camo or IRuin - Use iOS Device as Webcam
- Toolbox - Multi-Tool App
- iOS Settings URLs - iOS Settings URL List
- FreshWalls or iOS Wallpapers - iPhone Wallpapers
- ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Mollama, ChatBox, FullMoon or PocketPal AI - AI Chatbots
- Santander or Documents - File Managers
- ZArchiver or Keka - File Archiver
- Blip - File Transfer
- fGet - Download Manager
- iTorrent - Torrent Client / AltStore
- The National Do Not Call Registry - Opt Out of Telemarketing Calls
- touchHLE - iOS App Desktop Emulator / Compatibility
- MuffinStore or Downgrade Apps - iOS App Downgraders
- Drafts, Strflow, FreeNotes or Bear - Note-Taking / Text Editors
- Noteful or Highlights - PDF Note-Taking
- iSH Shell / GitHub or a-Shell - Terminal Emulators
- Local Time Generator - Generate Discord Timestamps / Shortcut
- UTM - Virtual Machines
- Lock Launcher - Lock Screen App Launcher
- SwiftKey - Keyboard
- CoconutBattery - Battery Tracker
- Scriptable - Automation Script Tool / Scripts / Widgets, 2
- PureKFD / Discord or Misaka / Discord - iOS Customization Apps
- iSkin, /r/iOSsetups or /r/iOSthemes - iOS Themes
- iCustom - Make Custom Icons without Shortcuts
- RoutineHub - Shortcuts
- Color Widgets or WidgetSmith - iOS Widgets
- YT-DLP or YouDown - YouTube Downloaders
- Keynote - Make Presentations
- Quill News Digest - News Aggregation App
- ZCombinator, HACK, Octal, Hackers or Hacki - Tech News / HN Apps
- Fiery Feeds, Feeeed, Reeder or NetNewsWire - RSS Reader
- Voiceliner - Voice Memos / GitHub
- Untold - Voice Journal
- TrollRecorder - Call Recorder
- PicsArt - Image Editor
- AnimeGen - Anime Image Generator / AltStore / Discord
- Picsew - Screenshot Stitching
- BlackMagic Camera - Camera App
- Lightme - Light Meter
- NetClicker - Phone Browser Controller
- Monal - XMPP App / GitHub
- Buz - Voice Chat
- iMessage Exporter - Export iMessage Chats
- NFC Tools - Read / Write NFC Tags
- Plinky or DoMarks - Bookmark Managers
- TranslatedLabs - Translation Apps
- Microsoft Lens - Scan & Digitize Documents
- Sim Daltoinism - Color Blindness Simulator
- Microsoft To Do or Twodos - To-Do Apps
- Journal it - Planner / Journal App
- Success or (Not Boring) Habits - Productivity Booster / Habit Trackers
- Body Clock - Plan / Track Circadian Rhythm
- PictureThis - Plant Identifier
- Parcel or Aftership - Delivery Tracker
- KeyPad - Connect Mac Keyboard to Mobile Devices
- Stikdebug - Enables JIT / Need for Emulators
▷ iOS Jailbreaking
- 🌐 IPA Apps or Jailbreaks.app - Jailbreaking Tool Indexes
- 🌐 Types of Jailbreak - List of Jailbreak Types
- 🌐 AppleDB - Apple Device / Software Info Database
- 🌐 ReJail - Cracked Tweaks Repository
- ⭐ iOS Guide - iOS Jailbreaking Guide
- ⭐ /r/jailbreak Discord - Jailbreaking Community / Subreddit
- ⭐ /r/LegacyJailbreak - Jailbreak Old Devices (iOS 12 and Below) / Discord
- ⭐ Legacy-iOS-Kit - Legacy iOS Devices / Downgrade / Save Blobs / Jaibreak / Bypass
- Blackb0x - Apple TV Jailbreak
- Dopamine - 15.0-16.6.1 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (A8-A16 & M1-M2) / Guide / GitHub
- palera1n - 15.0-18.x Semi-Tethered Jailbreak (A8-A11 & T2) / Guide / GitHub
- nathanlr - 16.5.1-16.6.1 Semi-Untethered Semi-Jailbreak (A12) / Guide / Note
- checkra1n - 12.0-14.8.1 Semi-Tethered Jailbreak (5s-X) / Discord
- Taurine - 14-14.8.1 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak
- Odyssey - 13.0-13.7 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- Chimera - 12.0-12.5.7 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- unc0ver - 11.0-14.8 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- Socket - 10.0.1-10.3.4 Semi-Tethered Jailbreak (32-bit Only) / Guide
- Totally Not Spyware - 10.0-10.3.3 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (64-bit Only) / Guide
- Meridian - 10.0-10.3.3 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (A7-A10(X)) / Guide / GitHub
- sockH3lix - 10.0-10.3.3 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (64-bit Only) / Guide
- doubleH3lix - 10.0-10.3.3 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (A7-A9(X)) / Guide / GitHub
- kok3shi9 - 9.2-9.3.6 Semi-Tethered Jailbreak / Guide
- Phoenix - 9.3.5-9.3.6 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (32-bit Only) / Guide
- p0laris - 9.3.5-9.3.6 Untethered Jailbreak (A5-A5X) / Guide / GitHub
- Pangu933 - 9.2-9.3.3 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (64-bit Only) / Guide
- HomeDepot - 9.1-9.3.4 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (32-bit Only) / Guide
- Pangu9 - 9.0GM-9.1 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- Daibutsu - 8.4.1 Untethered Jailbreak (A5-A5X) / Guide
- wtfis - 8.0-8.4.1 Untethered Jailbreak (64-bit Only) / Guide
- HomeDepot OLD - 8.0-8.4.1 Semi-Untethered Jailbreak (A5-A5X) / Guide
- Pangu7 - 7.1-7.1.2 Unthered Jailbreak / WARNING / Guide / Mac
- Evasi0n7 - 7.0-7.0.6 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide / 5s / 5c
- p0sixspwn - 6.1.3-6.1.6 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide / macOS High Sierra+
- Evasi0n6 - 6.0-6.1.2 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- g1lbertJB - 5.0-6.1.2 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide / CFW Tool / Discord
- greenpois0n - 4.1-4.2.6 Untethered Jailbreak / Guide
- Gala - iOS 4 Interactive Jailbreak
- limera1n - 3.2.2-4.1 Untethered Jailbreak (A4 & 3GS & iPod Touch 3rd Gen & iPad 1st Generation) / Guide
- ipwndfu - Jailbreak iPhone 3GS
- SuccessionRestore - Restore jailbroken iOS without a computer (without updating)
- odysseyn1x - Checkra1n & Odysseyra1n Installation Distro / Guide
- BlobSaver - GUI for Saving SHSH Blobs
- TSSChecker - Check TSS Signing Status
- IPSW - Clean Apple Firmware
- FutureRestore - Restore to Unsigned Firmware / GUI
- Sileo or Zebra - iOS Package Managers
- Repo Updates - App Repository Updates
- Nugget - iOS Tweaks Tool
- Roothide Bootstrap - Inject Tweaks into Apps without jailbreak (14.0-17.0) / Tweaks
- wInd3x - iPod Classic / Nano Bootrom Exploit
- OneJailbreak or iDownload - Jailbreak News
▷ iOS Sideloading
- ⭐ Sideloading Guide, Avieshek's Guide or JcionX Guide - Sideloading Guides
- ⭐ TrollStore or TrollApps / Discord - Non-Appstore Apps / No-Jailbreak / 14.0-17.0 / Decrypt / Installer / Web App
- ⭐ SideStore - Non-Jailbreak Sideloading App (iOS 14.0 & Above) / App Limit Bypass / Guide
- ⭐ Sideloadly - Non-Jailbreak Sideloading (iOS 7.0 & Above)
- ⭐ Feather - Sideloading App (iOS 15.0 & Above) / Requires Apple Dev Certificate
- AltStore Classic - Non-Jailbreak Sideloading App (iOS 14.0 & Above) / Repo Viewer, 2 / AltServer / Guide
- IPA iBot - Apple Dev Certificate Manager Bot
- SignTools - Self-Hosted App Signer
- LiveContainer - Run Apps Without Installing
- Cyan - Modify IPAs / Inject Tweaks
- ATVLoadly - Apple TV Sideloading
- TestFlight - Test Beta Apps
- /r/sideloaded - Sideloading Subreddit
▷ iOS Adblocking
- ↪️ DNS Adblocking
- ⭐ Adguard - Adblocker / Guide / Pro (requires patch)
- ⭐ Orion - Adblock Browser w/ Extensions / Discord
- Brave - Adblock Browser
- 1Blocker - Adblocker
- Stay - Safari Adblocker / Userscript Manager
- Safari Popup Block Guide, 2 - Stop New Tab + Popup Ads on Safari / iOS 16+
- iSponsorBlock - Skip YouTube Sponsorships
- SponsorBlock for YT Music - Skip Non-Music Segments in YouTube Music
- TwitterNoAds - iOS X.com AdBlock / Download DEB then add to decrypted IPA
▷ iOS Privacy
- ↪️ iOS 2FA
- ⭐ Onion Browser - Onion Browser
- ⭐ Signal - Encrypted Messaging / GitHub
- ⭐ SimpleX - Encrypted Messaging / GitHub
- Session - Encrypted Messaging
- Olvid - Encrypted Messaging
- DNSecure - Encrypted DNS
- Brave or Firefox Focus - Privacy-Focused Browsers
- Element or FluffyChat - Matrix Clients
- Jami or MySudo - Encrypted Messaging / Video Calls
- Proton Mail or Tuta - Encrypted Emailing Service
- Streisand - Proxy App
► iOS iPAs
- 🌐 CyPwn - Tweaked App Library / AltStore / Discord
- 🌐 Open-Source iOS Apps - Open-Source Apps
- 🌐 Awesome TestFlight, TestFlightLinks or TestFlight Spreadsheet - TestFlight App Indexes
- 🌐 iOS Console Emulators - Gaming Emulator Index
- ⭐ PDALife - Games / Apps / Telegram
- ⭐ CodeVN / Telegram or IPALibrary - Tweaked Apps / Use Orion to Translate
- 4PDA - Tweaked Apps / Use Orion to Translate / Captcha Note, 2
- AppDB - App Library
- iOSVizor - Tweaked Apps / Telegram
- DriftyWinds - AltStore App Source
- fnd - App Store Search
- Mobilism iOS Apps - App Library / Sign-Up Required / User Ranks
- TrollStore-IPAs - Tweaked Apps
- PlatinMods - Tweaked Apps / Sign-Up Required
- AppTesters - Tweaked Apps / Telegram
- IPA Archive - Search Engine
- iOSObscura - Old App Archive / Search Engine
- AppleCensorship - Censored App Store Apps
- IPATool - Search / Download App Packages
- Decrypted App Store, AnyIPA / Telegram / Discord or decrypt.day - Decrypted iOS Apps
- AppSnake - Check if Unlockers Work on App
- Calvink19 - App Patches for iOS Legacy Devices
▷ Telegram Channels
- ⭐ ethMods - Tweaked Apps / Requests / Chat
- ⭐ Blatant's IPA Library - Tweaked Apps / Request / Chatroom / Telegram
- ⭐ Eevee IPA Decrypter - Decrypted iOS Apps
- binnichtaktivsipas - Tweaked Apps
- IPA Dark - Games
- iOSAppsFree - Tweaked Apps
- MelonsIPAs - Tweaked Apps
- GLESign - Tweaked Apps
- TDMBest - Game Ports
▷ Social Media Apps
- ⭐ Acorn / Discord, Reddit Deluxe, RedditFilter / Note, Winston, Apollo / Tweak, Lurker or RDX - Reddit Clients
- ⭐ Voyager / GitHub, Arctic, Mlem / GitHub or Thunder / GitHub - Lemmy Clients
- ⭐ Ice Cubes, Gazzetta or Mastodon - Mastodon Clients
- ⭐ BHTwitter - X.com Apps
- ⭐ OpenInYT - Adds "Open In" Popup to iOS Social Media Apps
- Openvibe - Combine Social Media Apps
- Sink It - Reddit Enhancement Extension
- SNMessenger - Facebook Messenger Tweak
- Frosty - Twitch Client / GitHub
- Chatsen - Cross-Platform Twitch Chat / GitHub / Discord
- Graysky, Skeets or Bluesky Social - Bluesky Clients
- Chan - 4chan App
- ethMods, SCInsta or BHInstagram - Instagram Tweaks / Extension
- Swiftgram / GitHub - Telegram Apps
- Watusi, 2 - WhatsApp Patchers / GitHub
- Whatsapp Backup Reader - Read Exported Whatsapp Chats
- FakeWhats or FakeInfo - Fake WhatsApp Messages
► iOS Audio
- ⭐ EeveeSpotify - Ad-Free Spotify / Sideloaded / App Repos / Extension / Telegram
- ⭐ SpotC++ - Ad-Free Spotify / Sideloaded
- ⭐ YTMusicUltimate / 2 - Streaming / Discord
- Trebel - Streaming
- Soundcloud - Streaming / Tweak
- Audiomack - Streaming
- Deezer - Streaming
- Demus - Streaming
- VOX, FooBar or Melodista - Audio Player
- GarageBand - Audio Editor / Creator
- stats.fm - Spotify Listening Stats
▷ iOS Podcasts / Radio
- ⭐ EeveeSpotify, 2 - Ad-Free Spotify / Sideloaded / App Repos / Extension
- ⭐ SpotC++ - Ad-Free Spotify / Sideloaded
- ⭐ PocketCasts - Podcasts
- ⭐ Triode - Radio App
- ⭐ Cuterdio - Radio App
- Spotify - Podcasts
- Podbean - Podcasts
- Apple Podcasts - Podcasts
- Overcast - Podcasts
- IHeartRadio, MixCloud or TuneIn - Podcasts / Radio
- Radio Garden - Radio App
- DI.FM - Electronic Radio
▷ iOS Relaxation
- ⭐ Medito - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Waking Up - Sam Harris' Mindfulness Platform
- A Soft Murmur - Mix Ambient Sounds
- Tide.fm - Meditation / Sleep Sounds
- Insight Timer - Meditaton / Sleep Sounds
► iOS Streaming
- ⭐ Stremio or Web Stremio - Movies / TV / Anime / Tools
- ⭐ Kodi - Movies / TV / Anime / /r/Addons4Kodi / Tracker / Trending
- ⭐ SyncPlay - Video Stream Sync
- OutPlayer, VLC, Pojobox or Infuse / 2 - Video Players
- Streamer - Movies / TV
- Streamyfin or Swiftfin - Jellyfin Client
- Tubi - Movies / TV
- Channels Pro - Live Sports / Insert "veve.pro"
- Found TV - Found Footage Movies / Sign-Up Required
- Viki - Asian Drama
- TVBAnywhere - Chinese Drama
- Tunity - Hear Any Muted TV / US Only
▷ iOS Anime
- ⭐ Sulfur - Extension-Based / Modules / TestFlight / Discord / GitHub
- Ketsu / Discord
- MyAnimeList Client or Kitsune - MyAnimeList Clients
- Otraku, MyAnilist, Ryuusei, AniHyou or AniHyou / GitHub - AniList Apps
▷ iOS YouTube Apps
- ⭐ YouTube Plus - Modded YouTube iPA
- ⭐ ethMods - Modded YouTube iPAs
- ⭐ Yattee - YouTube Player
- Dan's Workshop - Modded YouTube IPAs / Discord / Telegram
- uYouEnhanced - Modded YouTube iPAs
- YTLitePlus - YTLite + Tweaks / Official iPAs are Outdated / GitHub
- YT Safari Extensions - Clean Player Extensions (Try Vinegar or Baking Soda)
- OpenYouTubeSafariExtension - Add "Open In" Alert to Sideloaded YouTube Apps
► iOS Reading
- ↪️ Multi-Platform Readers - Ebook Reader Index
- ⭐ Paperback - Manga Reader / Extensions / Discord
- ⭐ Aidoku - Manga Reader / Extensions / GitHub
- ⭐ Readera - Ebook Reader
- Suwatte - Comic Reader / Converter / Discord / GitHub
- Prologue - Audiobooks for Plex
- JellyBook - Ebook Reader
- Eboox - Ebook Reader
- Cantook - Ebook Reader
- Readwise - Ebook Reader
- FBReader - Ebook Reader
- SideBooks - PDF Reader
- BookPlayer - Audiobook Player / Discord
- ABS FLutter - Self-Hosted Audiobook Server
- Panels - Comic Reader
- Mangayomi - Manga Reader
- Tachimanga - Manga Reader / Freemium / Discord
- ZETSU - Manga Reader / Discord
- Hanami - Manga Reader
- Libby - Digital Library Books / Extend time via Offline or Airplane mode
-
@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-03-20 09:59:20Bald werde es verboten, alleine im Auto zu fahren, konnte man dieser Tage in verschiedenen spanischen Medien lesen. Die nationale Verkehrsbehörde (Dirección General de Tráfico, kurz DGT) werde Alleinfahrern das Leben schwer machen, wurde gemeldet. Konkret erörtere die Generaldirektion geeignete Sanktionen für Personen, die ohne Beifahrer im Privatauto unterwegs seien.
Das Alleinfahren sei zunehmend verpönt und ein Mentalitätswandel notwendig, hieß es. Dieser «Luxus» stehe im Widerspruch zu den Maßnahmen gegen Umweltverschmutzung, die in allen europäischen Ländern gefördert würden. In Frankreich sei es «bereits verboten, in der Hauptstadt allein zu fahren», behauptete Noticiastrabajo Huffpost in einer Zwischenüberschrift. Nur um dann im Text zu konkretisieren, dass die sogenannte «Umweltspur» auf der Pariser Ringautobahn gemeint war, die für Busse, Taxis und Fahrgemeinschaften reserviert ist. Ab Mai werden Verstöße dagegen mit einem Bußgeld geahndet.
Die DGT jedenfalls wolle bei der Umsetzung derartiger Maßnahmen nicht hinterherhinken. Diese Medienberichte, inklusive des angeblich bevorstehenden Verbots, beriefen sich auf Aussagen des Generaldirektors der Behörde, Pere Navarro, beim Mobilitätskongress Global Mobility Call im November letzten Jahres, wo es um «nachhaltige Mobilität» ging. Aus diesem Kontext stammt auch Navarros Warnung: «Die Zukunft des Verkehrs ist geteilt oder es gibt keine».
Die «Faktenchecker» kamen der Generaldirektion prompt zu Hilfe. Die DGT habe derlei Behauptungen zurückgewiesen und klargestellt, dass es keine Pläne gebe, Fahrten mit nur einer Person im Auto zu verbieten oder zu bestrafen. Bei solchen Meldungen handele es sich um Fake News. Teilweise wurde der Vorsitzende der spanischen «Rechtsaußen»-Partei Vox, Santiago Abascal, der Urheberschaft bezichtigt, weil er einen entsprechenden Artikel von La Gaceta kommentiert hatte.
Der Beschwichtigungsversuch der Art «niemand hat die Absicht» ist dabei erfahrungsgemäß eher ein Alarmzeichen als eine Beruhigung. Walter Ulbrichts Leugnung einer geplanten Berliner Mauer vom Juni 1961 ist vielen genauso in Erinnerung wie die Fake News-Warnungen des deutschen Bundesgesundheitsministeriums bezüglich Lockdowns im März 2020 oder diverse Äußerungen zu einer Impfpflicht ab 2020.
Aber Aufregung hin, Dementis her: Die Pressemitteilung der DGT zu dem Mobilitätskongress enthält in Wahrheit viel interessantere Informationen als «nur» einen Appell an den «guten» Bürger wegen der Bemühungen um die Lebensqualität in Großstädten oder einen möglichen obligatorischen Abschied vom Alleinfahren. Allerdings werden diese Details von Medien und sogenannten Faktencheckern geflissentlich übersehen, obwohl sie keineswegs versteckt sind. Die Auskünfte sind sehr aufschlussreich, wenn man genauer hinschaut.
Digitalisierung ist der Schlüssel für Kontrolle
Auf dem Kongress stellte die Verkehrsbehörde ihre Initiativen zur Förderung der «neuen Mobilität» vor, deren Priorität Sicherheit und Effizienz sei. Die vier konkreten Ansätze haben alle mit Digitalisierung, Daten, Überwachung und Kontrolle im großen Stil zu tun und werden unter dem Euphemismus der «öffentlich-privaten Partnerschaft» angepriesen. Auch lassen sie die transhumanistische Idee vom unzulänglichen Menschen erkennen, dessen Fehler durch «intelligente» technologische Infrastruktur kompensiert werden müssten.
Die Chefin des Bereichs «Verkehrsüberwachung» erklärte die Funktion des spanischen National Access Point (NAP), wobei sie betonte, wie wichtig Verkehrs- und Infrastrukturinformationen in Echtzeit seien. Der NAP ist «eine essenzielle Web-Applikation, die unter EU-Mandat erstellt wurde», kann man auf der Website der DGT nachlesen.
Das Mandat meint Regelungen zu einem einheitlichen europäischen Verkehrsraum, mit denen die Union mindestens seit 2010 den Aufbau einer digitalen Architektur mit offenen Schnittstellen betreibt. Damit begründet man auch «umfassende Datenbereitstellungspflichten im Bereich multimodaler Reiseinformationen». Jeder Mitgliedstaat musste einen NAP, also einen nationalen Zugangspunkt einrichten, der Zugang zu statischen und dynamischen Reise- und Verkehrsdaten verschiedener Verkehrsträger ermöglicht.
Diese Entwicklung ist heute schon weit fortgeschritten, auch und besonders in Spanien. Auf besagtem Kongress erläuterte die Leiterin des Bereichs «Telematik» die Plattform «DGT 3.0». Diese werde als Integrator aller Informationen genutzt, die von den verschiedenen öffentlichen und privaten Systemen, die Teil der Mobilität sind, bereitgestellt werden.
Es handele sich um eine Vermittlungsplattform zwischen Akteuren wie Fahrzeugherstellern, Anbietern von Navigationsdiensten oder Kommunen und dem Endnutzer, der die Verkehrswege benutzt. Alle seien auf Basis des Internets der Dinge (IOT) anonym verbunden, «um der vernetzten Gemeinschaft wertvolle Informationen zu liefern oder diese zu nutzen».
So sei DGT 3.0 «ein Zugangspunkt für einzigartige, kostenlose und genaue Echtzeitinformationen über das Geschehen auf den Straßen und in den Städten». Damit lasse sich der Verkehr nachhaltiger und vernetzter gestalten. Beispielsweise würden die Karten des Produktpartners Google dank der DGT-Daten 50 Millionen Mal pro Tag aktualisiert.
Des Weiteren informiert die Verkehrsbehörde über ihr SCADA-Projekt. Die Abkürzung steht für Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, zu deutsch etwa: Kontrollierte Steuerung und Datenerfassung. Mit SCADA kombiniert man Software und Hardware, um automatisierte Systeme zur Überwachung und Steuerung technischer Prozesse zu schaffen. Das SCADA-Projekt der DGT wird von Indra entwickelt, einem spanischen Beratungskonzern aus den Bereichen Sicherheit & Militär, Energie, Transport, Telekommunikation und Gesundheitsinformation.
Das SCADA-System der Behörde umfasse auch eine Videostreaming- und Videoaufzeichnungsplattform, die das Hochladen in die Cloud in Echtzeit ermöglicht, wie Indra erklärt. Dabei gehe es um Bilder, die von Überwachungskameras an Straßen aufgenommen wurden, sowie um Videos aus DGT-Hubschraubern und Drohnen. Ziel sei es, «die sichere Weitergabe von Videos an Dritte sowie die kontinuierliche Aufzeichnung und Speicherung von Bildern zur möglichen Analyse und späteren Nutzung zu ermöglichen».
Letzteres klingt sehr nach biometrischer Erkennung und Auswertung durch künstliche Intelligenz. Für eine bessere Datenübertragung wird derzeit die Glasfaserverkabelung entlang der Landstraßen und Autobahnen ausgebaut. Mit der Cloud sind die Amazon Web Services (AWS) gemeint, die spanischen Daten gehen somit direkt zu einem US-amerikanischen «Big Data»-Unternehmen.
Das Thema «autonomes Fahren», also Fahren ohne Zutun des Menschen, bildet den Abschluss der Betrachtungen der DGT. Zusammen mit dem Interessenverband der Automobilindustrie ANFAC (Asociación Española de Fabricantes de Automóviles y Camiones) sprach man auf dem Kongress über Strategien und Perspektiven in diesem Bereich. Die Lobbyisten hoffen noch in diesem Jahr 2025 auf einen normativen Rahmen zur erweiterten Unterstützung autonomer Technologien.
Wenn man derartige Informationen im Zusammenhang betrachtet, bekommt man eine Idee davon, warum zunehmend alles elektrisch und digital werden soll. Umwelt- und Mobilitätsprobleme in Städten, wie Luftverschmutzung, Lärmbelästigung, Platzmangel oder Staus, sind eine Sache. Mit dem Argument «emissionslos» wird jedoch eine Referenz zum CO2 und dem «menschengemachten Klimawandel» hergestellt, die Emotionen triggert. Und damit wird so ziemlich alles verkauft.
Letztlich aber gilt: Je elektrischer und digitaler unsere Umgebung wird und je freigiebiger wir mit unseren Daten jeder Art sind, desto besser werden wir kontrollier-, steuer- und sogar abschaltbar. Irgendwann entscheiden KI-basierte Algorithmen, ob, wann, wie, wohin und mit wem wir uns bewegen dürfen. Über einen 15-Minuten-Radius geht dann möglicherweise nichts hinaus. Die Projekte auf diesem Weg sind ernst zu nehmen, real und schon weit fortgeschritten.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 23:45:41Adblocking
How important is using an adblocker?
Piracy sites usually contain ads, some of which can be harmful, often leading to unwanted pages or fake download buttons. Real download buttons are usually small, and match the sites design, while fake ones are often big and eye-catching. It can be hard to tell them apart, so it's important to always have an adblocker.
For browsers we recommend uBO, and you can also use a Redirect Skipper to skip annoying countdowns.
For mobile AdGuard Premium / iOS / Guide or Rethink DNS, and you can block YouTube, Reddit, and X.com ads with ReVanced Manager / Easy Setup.
⚠️ Using several ad blockers, like uBO and Adguard at the same time can mess things up. This only happens with regular ad blockers, so it's perfectly okay to use uBO alongside something like SponsorBlock.
Browsers
Which web browser should I use?
We recommend Firefox, but you can also try Privacy-Focused Browsers or Brave if you prefer Chromium.
For Android we recommend Firefox, Brave or Cromite.
For iOS Orion, Brave or Safari + Adguard.
⚠️ We recommend looking through our Extension / Userscript sections to find ways to enhance your browser.
Movies / Shows
- Streaming: movie-web / Cineby / Hexa
- Torrenting: 1337x
- Sports Streaming: Streamed / Sportsurge
- Drama Streaming: KissAsian
- Track / Discover: Trakt / Simkl / Letterboxd
Anime
- Streaming: AnimeKai / Miruro / HiAnime
- Downloading: Tokyo Insider / Hi10Anime
- Torrenting: Nyaa / Miru
- Track / Discover: MyAnimeList / AniList
Music
- Streaming: SpotX / Custom YouTube Music
- Downloading: DoubleDouble / Soulseek
- Mobile: ReVanced Manager (Android) / OuterTune (Android) / EeveeSpotify (iOS)
- Track / Discover: Last.fm / RateYourMusic
Gaming
- Download / Torrent: FitGirl Repacks / SteamRIP
- Emulation / ROMs: Emulation Wiki / /r/ROMs Mega / Myrient
- Download Managers: JDownloader
- Track / Discover: Backloggd / Glitchwave
Reading
- Downloading: Anna's Archive / Library Genesis / Z-Library / Bookracy
- Audiobooks: AudiobookBay / Mobilism Audiobooks / Tokybook
- Manga: ComicK / Weeb Central / MangaDex
- Comics: ReadComicsOnline / GetComics
- Ebook Readers: Google Play Books / Koodo / Foxit + Warning
- Android Readers: Librera / Moon+ Reader / Readera
- Track / Discover: GoodReads (books) / MAL (manga) / LeagueOfComicGeeks (comics)
Antivirus
How can I safely scan files, and determine if detections are false positives?
Before installing any file, it's recommended to scan the setup / install with VirusTotal. If you're having trouble determining if something is a false positive, refer to the Scan Guide, or send it to us in Discord and we'll take a look for you.
⚠️ Most antivirus programs are unnecessary and can cause slow down. If you use trusted websites, Windows Defender should be all you need to stay safe, and you can run a Malwarebytes scan from time to time for extra protection.
Privacy
I don't have anything to hide, why should I care about privacy?
Privacy is about controlling your personal information, not just keeping things secret. Non-sensitive data is used by companies to track your behavior, target ads, and influence your choices.
For email privacy, we recommend Proton and for search SearX. It's also good to check sites like HaveIBeenPwned to make sure your info hasn't been part of any recent data breaches.
⚠️ It's best not to use your main email or password when you sign up for piracy sites. It's good to use a different password on every site you register for, that way if a breach happens, only the password for that one site is compromised. You can also use email aliasing.
⚠️ Keep in mind that it's never a good idea to upload personal or confidential files to any file host / cloud AI, even if they claim to be encrypted.
Windows Piracy
How can I download / activate Windows for free?
Download an ISO from Massgrave's Genuine Installation Media page, and follow the Clean Install Windows Guide to install it. After install, activate it with Microsoft Activation Scripts.
⚠️ Be aware that people have been known to steal from M0nkrus and upload altered versions of their apps that contain harmful elements. Always double-check that you're on the official site before downloading anything.
Torrenting
Do I need a VPN to torrent?
Downloading files through torrenting can cause issues with your ISP, so using a VPN is a must in most countries. You should also bind your VPN to your torrent client to avoid leaks from accidental disconnects. You can also use Remote Torrenting Services to avoid the need for a VPN altogether.
What is Port Forwarding? Do I need it?
Port forwarding (having an open port) is an essential part of torrenting and it's recommended to set it up. While it's not strictly needed, it benefits the swarm, can sometimes boost download speeds, and improves connectability for torrents with fewer seeds.
Android Apps
- Mobilism - Modded APKs
- Aurora Store - Alt App Store
- APKMirror - Untouched APKs
- Droid-ify - FOSS Android Apps
- Obtainium - Get Android App Updates
iOS Sideloading
- Sideloading Guide - Sideloading Guide
- TrollStore - Unlimited App Sideloading [iOS 14.0-17.0]
- SideStore - Sideloading App [iOS 14.0 & Above]
- Sideloadly - Sideload Apps [iOS 7.0 & Above]
- Feather - Sideload Apps with Paid Dev Cert [iOS 15 & Above]
Important Links
- Piracy Glossary - Common piracy term definitions
- Unsafe Sites / Software / 2 - Things we recommend avoiding
- Base64 Decoders / Auto Decode - Tools to decode encrypted base64 links
- FMHY.net - Our website with many more sites / tools
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-03-15 10:56:08Was nützt die schönste Schuldenbremse, wenn der Russe vor der Tür steht? \ Wir können uns verteidigen lernen oder alle Russisch lernen. \ Jens Spahn
In der Politik ist buchstäblich keine Idee zu riskant, kein Mittel zu schäbig und keine Lüge zu dreist, als dass sie nicht benutzt würden. Aber der Clou ist, dass diese Masche immer noch funktioniert, wenn nicht sogar immer besser. Ist das alles wirklich so schwer zu durchschauen? Mir fehlen langsam die Worte.
Aktuell werden sowohl in der Europäischen Union als auch in Deutschland riesige Milliardenpakete für die Aufrüstung – also für die Rüstungsindustrie – geschnürt. Die EU will 800 Milliarden Euro locker machen, in Deutschland sollen es 500 Milliarden «Sondervermögen» sein. Verteidigung nennen das unsere «Führer», innerhalb der Union und auch an «unserer Ostflanke», der Ukraine.
Das nötige Feindbild konnte inzwischen signifikant erweitert werden. Schuld an allem und zudem gefährlich ist nicht mehr nur Putin, sondern jetzt auch Trump. Europa müsse sich sowohl gegen Russland als auch gegen die USA schützen und rüsten, wird uns eingetrichtert.
Und während durch Diplomatie genau dieser beiden Staaten gerade endlich mal Bewegung in die Bemühungen um einen Frieden oder wenigstens einen Waffenstillstand in der Ukraine kommt, rasselt man im moralisch überlegenen Zeigefinger-Europa so richtig mit dem Säbel.
Begleitet und gestützt wird der ganze Prozess – wie sollte es anders sein – von den «Qualitätsmedien». Dass Russland einen Angriff auf «Europa» plant, weiß nicht nur der deutsche Verteidigungsminister (und mit Abstand beliebteste Politiker) Pistorius, sondern dank ihnen auch jedes Kind. Uns bleiben nur noch wenige Jahre. Zum Glück bereitet sich die Bundeswehr schon sehr konkret auf einen Krieg vor.
Die FAZ und Corona-Gesundheitsminister Spahn markieren einen traurigen Höhepunkt. Hier haben sich «politische und publizistische Verantwortungslosigkeit propagandistisch gegenseitig befruchtet», wie es bei den NachDenkSeiten heißt. Die Aussage Spahns in dem Interview, «der Russe steht vor der Tür», ist das eine. Die Zeitung verschärfte die Sache jedoch, indem sie das Zitat explizit in den Titel übernahm, der in einer ersten Version scheinbar zu harmlos war.
Eine große Mehrheit der deutschen Bevölkerung findet Aufrüstung und mehr Schulden toll, wie ARD und ZDF sehr passend ermittelt haben wollen. Ähnliches gelte für eine noch stärkere militärische Unterstützung der Ukraine. Etwas skeptischer seien die Befragten bezüglich der Entsendung von Bundeswehrsoldaten dorthin, aber immerhin etwa fifty-fifty.
Eigentlich ist jedoch die Meinung der Menschen in «unseren Demokratien» irrelevant. Sowohl in der Europäischen Union als auch in Deutschland sind die «Eliten» offenbar der Ansicht, der Souverän habe in Fragen von Krieg und Frieden sowie von aberwitzigen astronomischen Schulden kein Wörtchen mitzureden. Frau von der Leyen möchte über 150 Milliarden aus dem Gesamtpaket unter Verwendung von Artikel 122 des EU-Vertrags ohne das Europäische Parlament entscheiden – wenn auch nicht völlig kritiklos.
In Deutschland wollen CDU/CSU und SPD zur Aufweichung der «Schuldenbremse» mehrere Änderungen des Grundgesetzes durch das abgewählte Parlament peitschen. Dieser Versuch, mit dem alten Bundestag eine Zweidrittelmehrheit zu erzielen, die im neuen nicht mehr gegeben wäre, ist mindestens verfassungsrechtlich umstritten.
Das Manöver scheint aber zu funktionieren. Heute haben die Grünen zugestimmt, nachdem Kanzlerkandidat Merz läppische 100 Milliarden für «irgendwas mit Klima» zugesichert hatte. Die Abstimmung im Plenum soll am kommenden Dienstag erfolgen – nur eine Woche, bevor sich der neu gewählte Bundestag konstituieren wird.
Interessant sind die Argumente, die BlackRocker Merz für seine Attacke auf Grundgesetz und Demokratie ins Feld führt. Abgesehen von der angeblichen Eile, «unsere Verteidigungsfähigkeit deutlich zu erhöhen» (ausgelöst unter anderem durch «die Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz und die Ereignisse im Weißen Haus»), ließ uns der CDU-Chef wissen, dass Deutschland einfach auf die internationale Bühne zurück müsse. Merz schwadronierte gefährlich mehrdeutig:
«Die ganze Welt schaut in diesen Tagen und Wochen auf Deutschland. Wir haben in der Europäischen Union und auf der Welt eine Aufgabe, die weit über die Grenzen unseres eigenen Landes hinausgeht.»
[Titelbild: Tag des Sieges]
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-03-11 10:22:36«Wir brauchen eine digitale Brandmauer gegen den Faschismus», schreibt der Chaos Computer Club (CCC) auf seiner Website. Unter diesem Motto präsentierte er letzte Woche einen Forderungskatalog, mit dem sich 24 Organisationen an die kommende Bundesregierung wenden. Der Koalitionsvertrag müsse sich daran messen lassen, verlangen sie.
In den drei Kategorien «Bekenntnis gegen Überwachung», «Schutz und Sicherheit für alle» sowie «Demokratie im digitalen Raum» stellen die Unterzeichner, zu denen auch Amnesty International und Das NETTZ gehören, unter anderem die folgenden «Mindestanforderungen»:
- Verbot biometrischer Massenüberwachung des öffentlichen Raums sowie der ungezielten biometrischen Auswertung des Internets.
- Anlasslose und massenhafte Vorratsdatenspeicherung wird abgelehnt.
- Automatisierte Datenanalysen der Informationsbestände der Strafverfolgungsbehörden sowie jede Form von Predictive Policing oder automatisiertes Profiling von Menschen werden abgelehnt.
- Einführung eines Rechts auf Verschlüsselung. Die Bundesregierung soll sich dafür einsetzen, die Chatkontrolle auf europäischer Ebene zu verhindern.
- Anonyme und pseudonyme Nutzung des Internets soll geschützt und ermöglicht werden.
- Bekämpfung «privaten Machtmissbrauchs von Big-Tech-Unternehmen» durch durchsetzungsstarke, unabhängige und grundsätzlich föderale Aufsichtsstrukturen.
- Einführung eines digitalen Gewaltschutzgesetzes, unter Berücksichtigung «gruppenbezogener digitaler Gewalt» und die Förderung von Beratungsangeboten.
- Ein umfassendes Förderprogramm für digitale öffentliche Räume, die dezentral organisiert und quelloffen programmiert sind, soll aufgelegt werden.
Es sei ein Irrglaube, dass zunehmende Überwachung einen Zugewinn an Sicherheit darstelle, ist eines der Argumente der Initiatoren. Sicherheit erfordere auch, dass Menschen anonym und vertraulich kommunizieren können und ihre Privatsphäre geschützt wird.
Gesunde digitale Räume lebten auch von einem demokratischen Diskurs, lesen wir in dem Papier. Es sei Aufgabe des Staates, Grundrechte zu schützen. Dazu gehöre auch, Menschenrechte und demokratische Werte, insbesondere Freiheit, Gleichheit und Solidarität zu fördern sowie den Missbrauch von Maßnahmen, Befugnissen und Infrastrukturen durch «die Feinde der Demokratie» zu verhindern.
Man ist geneigt zu fragen, wo denn die Autoren «den Faschismus» sehen, den es zu bekämpfen gelte. Die meisten der vorgetragenen Forderungen und Argumente finden sicher breite Unterstützung, denn sie beschreiben offenkundig gängige, kritikwürdige Praxis. Die Aushebelung der Privatsphäre, der Redefreiheit und anderer Grundrechte im Namen der Sicherheit wird bereits jetzt massiv durch die aktuellen «demokratischen Institutionen» und ihre «durchsetzungsstarken Aufsichtsstrukturen» betrieben.
Ist «der Faschismus» also die EU und ihre Mitgliedsstaaten? Nein, die «faschistische Gefahr», gegen die man eine digitale Brandmauer will, kommt nach Ansicht des CCC und seiner Partner aus den Vereinigten Staaten. Private Überwachung und Machtkonzentration sind dabei weltweit schon lange Realität, jetzt endlich müssen sie jedoch bekämpft werden. In dem Papier heißt es:
«Die willkürliche und antidemokratische Machtausübung der Tech-Oligarchen um Präsident Trump erfordert einen Paradigmenwechsel in der deutschen Digitalpolitik. (...) Die aktuellen Geschehnisse in den USA zeigen auf, wie Datensammlungen und -analyse genutzt werden können, um einen Staat handstreichartig zu übernehmen, seine Strukturen nachhaltig zu beschädigen, Widerstand zu unterbinden und marginalisierte Gruppen zu verfolgen.»
Wer auf der anderen Seite dieser Brandmauer stehen soll, ist also klar. Es sind die gleichen «Feinde unserer Demokratie», die seit Jahren in diese Ecke gedrängt werden. Es sind die gleichen Andersdenkenden, Regierungskritiker und Friedensforderer, die unter dem großzügigen Dach des Bundesprogramms «Demokratie leben» einem «kontinuierlichen Echt- und Langzeitmonitoring» wegen der Etikettierung «digitaler Hass» unterzogen werden.
Dass die 24 Organisationen praktisch auch die Bekämpfung von Google, Microsoft, Apple, Amazon und anderen fordern, entbehrt nicht der Komik. Diese fallen aber sicher unter das Stichwort «Machtmissbrauch von Big-Tech-Unternehmen». Gleichzeitig verlangen die Lobbyisten implizit zum Beispiel die Förderung des Nostr-Netzwerks, denn hier finden wir dezentral organisierte und quelloffen programmierte digitale Räume par excellence, obendrein zensurresistent. Das wiederum dürfte in der Politik weniger gut ankommen.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 472f440f:5669301e
2025-05-12 23:29:50Marty's Bent
Last week we covered the bombshell developments in the Samourai Wallet case. For those who didn't read that, last Monday the world was made aware of the fact that the SDNY was explicitly told by FinCEN that the federal regulator did not believe that Samourai Wallet was a money services business six months before arresting the co-founders of Samourai Wallet for conspiracy to launder money and illegally operating a money services business. This was an obvious overstep by the SDNY that many believed would be quickly alleviated, especially considering the fact that the Trump administration via the Department of Justice has made it clear that they do not intend to rule via prosecution.
It seems that this is not the case as the SDNY responded to a letter sent from the defense to dismiss the case by stating that they fully plan to move forward. Stating that they only sought the recommendations of FinCEN employees and did not believe that those employees' comments were indicative of FinCEN's overall views on this particular case. It's a pretty egregious abuse of power by the SDNY. I'm not sure if the particular lawyers and judges within the Southern District of New York are very passionate about preventing the use of self-custody bitcoin and products that enable bitcoiners to transact privately, or if they're simply participating in a broader meta war with the Trump administration - who has made it clear to federal judges across the country that last Fall's election will have consequences, mainly that the Executive Branch will try to effectuate the policies that President Trump campaigned on by any legal means necessary - and Samouari Wallet is simply in the middle of that meta war.
However, one thing is pretty clear to me, this is an egregious overstep of power. The interpretation of that law, as has been laid out and confirmed by FinCEN over the last decade, is pretty clear; you cannot be a money services business if you do not control the funds that people are sending to each other, which is definitely the case with Samourai Wallet. People downloaded Samourai Wallet, spun up their own private-public key pairs and initiated transactions themselves. Samourai never custodied funds or initiated transactions on behalf of their users. This is very cut and dry. Straight to the point. It should be something that anyone with more than two brain cells is able to discern pretty quickly.
It is imperative that anybody in the industry who cares about being able to hold bitcoin in self-custody, to mine bitcoin, and to send bitcoin in a peer-to-peer fashion makes some noise around this case. None of the current administration's attempts to foster innovation around bitcoin in the United States will matter if the wrong precedent is set in this case. If the SDNY is successful in prosecuting Samourai Wallet, it will mean that anybody holding Bitcoin in self-custody, running a bitcoin fold node or mining bitcoin will have to KYC all of their users and counterparts lest they be labeled a money services business that is breaking laws stemming from the Bank Secrecy Act. This will effectively make building a self-custody bitcoin wallet, running a node, or mining bitcoin in tillegal in the United States. The ability to comply with the rules that would be unleashed if this Samourai case goes the wrong way, are such that it will effectively destroy the industry overnight.
It is yet to be seen whether or not the Department of Justice will step in to publicly flog the SDNY and force them to stop pursuing this case. This is the only likely way that the case will go away at this point, so it is very important that bitcoiners who care about being able to self-custody bitcoin, mine bitcoin, or send bitcoin in a peer-to-peer fashion in the United States make it clear to the current administration and any local politicians that this is an issue that you care deeply about. If we are too complacent, there is a chance that the SDNY could completely annihilate the bitcoin industry in America despite of all of the positive momentum we're seeing from all angles at the moment.
Make some noise!
Bitcoin Adoption by Power Companies: The Next Frontier
In my recent conversation with Andrew Myers from Satoshi Energy, he shared their ambitious mission to "enable every electric power company to use bitcoin by block 1,050,000" – roughly three years from now. This strategic imperative isn't just about creating new Bitcoin users; it's about sovereignty. Andrew emphasized that getting Bitcoin into the hands of energy companies who value self-sovereignty creates a more balanced future economic landscape. The excitement was palpable as he described how several energy companies are already moving beyond simply selling power to Bitcoin miners and are beginning to invest in mining operations themselves.
"You have global commodity companies being like, 'Oh, this is another commodity – we want to invest in this, we want to own this,'" - Andrew Myers
Perhaps most fascinating was Andrew's revelation about major energy companies in Texas developing Bitcoin collateral products for power contracts – a practical application that could revolutionize how energy transactions are settled. As energy companies continue embracing Bitcoin for both operations and collateral, we're witnessing the early stages of a profound shift in how critical infrastructure interfaces with sound money. The implications for both sectors could be transformative.
Check out the full podcast here for more on remote viewing, Nikola Tesla's predictions, and the convergence of Bitcoin and AI technology. We cover everything from humanoid robots to the energy demands of next-generation computing.
Headlines of the Day
Steak n Shake to Accept Bitcoin at All Locations May 16 - via X
Facebook Plans Crypto Wallets for 3B Users, Bitcoin Impact Looms - via X
Trump Urges Americans to Buy Stocks for Economic Boom - via X
UK Drops Tariffs, U.S. Farmers Set to Reap Major Benefits - via X
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Final thought...
Happy belated Mother's Day to all the moms out there.
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@ 472f440f:5669301e
2025-05-12 23:29:19Marty's Bent
Last week we covered the bombshell developments in the Samourai Wallet case. For those who didn't read that, last Monday the world was made aware of the fact that the SDNY was explicitly told by FinCEN that the federal regulator did not believe that Samourai Wallet was a money services business six months before arresting the co-founders of Samourai Wallet for conspiracy to launder money and illegally operating a money services business. This was an obvious overstep by the SDNY that many believed would be quickly alleviated, especially considering the fact that the Trump administration via the Department of Justice has made it clear that they do not intend to rule via prosecution.
It seems that this is not the case as the SDNY responded to a letter sent from the defense to dismiss the case by stating that they fully plan to move forward. Stating that they only sought the recommendations of FinCEN employees and did not believe that those employees' comments were indicative of FinCEN's overall views on this particular case. It's a pretty egregious abuse of power by the SDNY. I'm not sure if the particular lawyers and judges within the Southern District of New York are very passionate about preventing the use of self-custody bitcoin and products that enable bitcoiners to transact privately, or if they're simply participating in a broader meta war with the Trump administration - who has made it clear to federal judges across the country that last Fall's election will have consequences, mainly that the Executive Branch will try to effectuate the policies that President Trump campaigned on by any legal means necessary - and Samouari Wallet is simply in the middle of that meta war.
However, one thing is pretty clear to me, this is an egregious overstep of power. The interpretation of that law, as has been laid out and confirmed by FinCEN over the last decade, is pretty clear; you cannot be a money services business if you do not control the funds that people are sending to each other, which is definitely the case with Samourai Wallet. People downloaded Samourai Wallet, spun up their own private-public key pairs and initiated transactions themselves. Samourai never custodied funds or initiated transactions on behalf of their users. This is very cut and dry. Straight to the point. It should be something that anyone with more than two brain cells is able to discern pretty quickly.
It is imperative that anybody in the industry who cares about being able to hold bitcoin in self-custody, to mine bitcoin, and to send bitcoin in a peer-to-peer fashion makes some noise around this case. None of the current administration's attempts to foster innovation around bitcoin in the United States will matter if the wrong precedent is set in this case. If the SDNY is successful in prosecuting Samourai Wallet, it will mean that anybody holding Bitcoin in self-custody, running a bitcoin fold node or mining bitcoin will have to KYC all of their users and counterparts lest they be labeled a money services business that is breaking laws stemming from the Bank Secrecy Act. This will effectively make building a self-custody bitcoin wallet, running a node, or mining bitcoin in tillegal in the United States. The ability to comply with the rules that would be unleashed if this Samourai case goes the wrong way, are such that it will effectively destroy the industry overnight.
It is yet to be seen whether or not the Department of Justice will step in to publicly flog the SDNY and force them to stop pursuing this case. This is the only likely way that the case will go away at this point, so it is very important that bitcoiners who care about being able to self-custody bitcoin, mine bitcoin, or send bitcoin in a peer-to-peer fashion in the United States make it clear to the current administration and any local politicians that this is an issue that you care deeply about. If we are too complacent, there is a chance that the SDNY could completely annihilate the bitcoin industry in America despite of all of the positive momentum we're seeing from all angles at the moment.
Make some noise!
Bitcoin Adoption by Power Companies: The Next Frontier
In my recent conversation with Andrew Myers from Satoshi Energy, he shared their ambitious mission to "enable every electric power company to use bitcoin by block 1,050,000" – roughly three years from now. This strategic imperative isn't just about creating new Bitcoin users; it's about sovereignty. Andrew emphasized that getting Bitcoin into the hands of energy companies who value self-sovereignty creates a more balanced future economic landscape. The excitement was palpable as he described how several energy companies are already moving beyond simply selling power to Bitcoin miners and are beginning to invest in mining operations themselves.
"You have global commodity companies being like, 'Oh, this is another commodity – we want to invest in this, we want to own this,'" - Andrew Myers
Perhaps most fascinating was Andrew's revelation about major energy companies in Texas developing Bitcoin collateral products for power contracts – a practical application that could revolutionize how energy transactions are settled. As energy companies continue embracing Bitcoin for both operations and collateral, we're witnessing the early stages of a profound shift in how critical infrastructure interfaces with sound money. The implications for both sectors could be transformative.
Check out the full podcast here for more on remote viewing, Nikola Tesla's predictions, and the convergence of Bitcoin and AI technology. We cover everything from humanoid robots to the energy demands of next-generation computing.
Headlines of the Day
Steak n Shake to Accept Bitcoin at All Locations May 16 - via X
Facebook Plans Crypto Wallets for 3B Users, Bitcoin Impact Looms - via X
Trump Urges Americans to Buy Stocks for Economic Boom - via X
UK Drops Tariffs, U.S. Farmers Set to Reap Major Benefits - via X
Looking for the perfect video to push the smartest person you know from zero to one on bitcoin? Bitcoin, Not Crypto is a three-part master class from Parker Lewis and Dhruv Bansal that cuts through the noise—covering why 21 million was the key technical simplification that made bitcoin possible, why blockchains don’t create decentralization, and why everything else will be built on bitcoin.
Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed 145,630 sats | $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.
Final thought...
Happy belated Mother's Day to all the moms out there.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-03-04 09:40:50Die «Eliten» führen bereits groß angelegte Pilotprojekte für eine Zukunft durch, die sie wollen und wir nicht. Das schreibt der OffGuardian in einem Update zum Thema «EU-Brieftasche für die digitale Identität». Das Portal weist darauf hin, dass die Akteure dabei nicht gerade zimperlich vorgehen und auch keinen Hehl aus ihren Absichten machen. Transition News hat mehrfach darüber berichtet, zuletzt hier und hier.
Mit der EU Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI-Brieftasche) sei eine einzige von der Regierung herausgegebene App geplant, die Ihre medizinischen Daten, Beschäftigungsdaten, Reisedaten, Bildungsdaten, Impfdaten, Steuerdaten, Finanzdaten sowie (potenziell) Kopien Ihrer Unterschrift, Fingerabdrücke, Gesichtsscans, Stimmproben und DNA enthält. So fasst der OffGuardian die eindrucksvolle Liste möglicher Einsatzbereiche zusammen.
Auch Dokumente wie der Personalausweis oder der Führerschein können dort in elektronischer Form gespeichert werden. Bis 2026 sind alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten dazu verpflichtet, Ihren Bürgern funktionierende und frei verfügbare digitale «Brieftaschen» bereitzustellen.
Die Menschen würden diese App nutzen, so das Portal, um Zahlungen vorzunehmen, Kredite zu beantragen, ihre Steuern zu zahlen, ihre Rezepte abzuholen, internationale Grenzen zu überschreiten, Unternehmen zu gründen, Arzttermine zu buchen, sich um Stellen zu bewerben und sogar digitale Verträge online zu unterzeichnen.
All diese Daten würden auf ihrem Mobiltelefon gespeichert und mit den Regierungen von neunzehn Ländern (plus der Ukraine) sowie über 140 anderen öffentlichen und privaten Partnern ausgetauscht. Von der Deutschen Bank über das ukrainische Ministerium für digitalen Fortschritt bis hin zu Samsung Europe. Unternehmen und Behörden würden auf diese Daten im Backend zugreifen, um «automatisierte Hintergrundprüfungen» durchzuführen.
Der Bundesverband der Verbraucherzentralen und Verbraucherverbände (VZBV) habe Bedenken geäußert, dass eine solche App «Risiken für den Schutz der Privatsphäre und der Daten» berge, berichtet das Portal. Die einzige Antwort darauf laute: «Richtig, genau dafür ist sie ja da!»
Das alles sei keine Hypothese, betont der OffGuardian. Es sei vielmehr «Potential». Damit ist ein EU-Projekt gemeint, in dessen Rahmen Dutzende öffentliche und private Einrichtungen zusammenarbeiten, «um eine einheitliche Vision der digitalen Identität für die Bürger der europäischen Länder zu definieren». Dies ist nur eines der groß angelegten Pilotprojekte, mit denen Prototypen und Anwendungsfälle für die EUDI-Wallet getestet werden. Es gibt noch mindestens drei weitere.
Den Ball der digitalen ID-Systeme habe die Covid-«Pandemie» über die «Impfpässe» ins Rollen gebracht. Seitdem habe das Thema an Schwung verloren. Je näher wir aber der vollständigen Einführung der EUid kämen, desto mehr Propaganda der Art «Warum wir eine digitale Brieftasche brauchen» könnten wir in den Mainstream-Medien erwarten, prognostiziert der OffGuardian. Vielleicht müssten wir schon nach dem nächsten großen «Grund», dem nächsten «katastrophalen katalytischen Ereignis» Ausschau halten. Vermutlich gebe es bereits Pläne, warum die Menschen plötzlich eine digitale ID-Brieftasche brauchen würden.
Die Entwicklung geht jedenfalls stetig weiter in genau diese Richtung. Beispielsweise hat Jordanien angekündigt, die digitale biometrische ID bei den nächsten Wahlen zur Verifizierung der Wähler einzuführen. Man wolle «den Papierkrieg beenden und sicherstellen, dass die gesamte Kette bis zu den nächsten Parlamentswahlen digitalisiert wird», heißt es. Absehbar ist, dass dabei einige Wahlberechtigte «auf der Strecke bleiben» werden, wie im Fall von Albanien geschehen.
Derweil würden die Briten gerne ihre Privatsphäre gegen Effizienz eintauschen, behauptet Tony Blair. Der Ex-Premier drängte kürzlich erneut auf digitale Identitäten und Gesichtserkennung. Blair ist Gründer einer Denkfabrik für globalen Wandel, Anhänger globalistischer Technokratie und «moderner Infrastruktur».
Abschließend warnt der OffGuardian vor der Illusion, Trump und Musk würden den US-Bürgern «diesen Schlamassel ersparen». Das Department of Government Efficiency werde sich auf die digitale Identität stürzen. Was könne schließlich «effizienter» sein als eine einzige App, die für alles verwendet wird? Der Unterschied bestehe nur darin, dass die US-Version vielleicht eher privat als öffentlich sei – sofern es da überhaupt noch einen wirklichen Unterschied gebe.
[Titelbild: Screenshot OffGuardian]
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-12 21:45:41Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.
Pregled sadržaja
- Definisanje novca
- Šta je sredstvo razmene?
- Šta je obračunska jedinica?
- Šta je zaliha vrednosti?
- Zašto su važne funkcije novca?
- Novac Gubi Funkciju: Alhemičar iz Njutonije
- Eksploatacija pomoću Novca: Agri Perle
- Novac Gubi Funkciju 2. Deo: Kejnslandski Bankar
- Da li nas novac danas eksploatiše?
- Šta je novac, i zašto trebate da brinete?
- Efikasnija Ušteda Novca
- Zasluge
- Molim vas da šerujete!
Google izveštava o stalnom povećanju interesa u svetu za pitanje „Šta je novac?“ koji se postavlja iz godine u godinu, od 2004. do 2021., a sa naglim porastom nakon finansijske krize 2008. godine.
I izgleda se da niko nema dobar odgovor za to.
Godišnji proseci mesečnih interesa za pretragu. 100 predstavlja najveći interes za pretragu tokom čitavog perioda, koji se dogodio u decembru 2019. Podaci sa Google Trends-a.
Međutim, odgovaranje na ovo naizgled jednostavno pitanje pomoći će vam da razjasnite ulogu novca u vašem životu. Jednom kada shvatite kako novac funkcioniše, tačno ćete videti i zašto svet danas ludi – i šta učiniti povodom toga. Zato hajde da se udubimo u to.
Na pitanje šta je novac, većina ljudi otvori svoje novčanike i pokaže nekoliko novčanica – “evo, ovo je novac!”
Ali po čemu se ove novčanice razlikuju od stranica vaše omiljene knjige? Pa, naravno, zavod za izradu novčanica te zemlje je odštampao te novčanice iz vašeg novčanika kako bi se oduprla falsifikovanju, i svi ih koriste da bi kupili odredjene stvari.
Međutim, Nemačka Marka imala je sva ova svojstva u prošlosti – ali preduzeća danas ne prihvataju te novčanice. Zapravo, građani Nemačke su početkom dvadesetih godina prošlog veka spaljivali papirne Marke kako bi grejali svoje domove. Marka je imala veću vrednost kao papir za potpalu nego kao novac!
1923. nemačka valuta poznata kao Marka bila je jeftinija od uglja i drveta!
Pa šta to čini novac, novcem?
Ispostavilo se da ovo nije pitanje na koje je lako dati odgovor.
Definisanje novca
Novac nije fizička stvar poput novčanice dolara. Novac je društveni sistem koji koristimo da bismo olakšali trgovinu robom i uslugama. Međutim, tokom istorije fizička monetarna dobra igrala su ključnu ulogu u društvenom sistemu novca, često kao znakovi koji predstavljaju vrednost u monetarnom sistemu. Ovaj sistem ima tri funkcije: 1) Sredstvo Razmene, 2) Obračunsku Jedinicu i 3) Zalihu Vrednosti.
Odakle dolaze ove funkcije, i zašto su one vredne?
Šta je sredstvo razmene?
Sredstvo razmene je neko dobro koje se obično razmenjuje za drugo dobro. Najčešće objašnjenje za to kako su se pojavila sredstva razmene glasi otprilike ovako: Boris ima ječam i želeo bi da kupi ovcu od Marka. Marko ima ovce, ali želi samo piliće. Ana ima piliće, ali ona ne želi ječam ili ovce.
To se naziva problem sticaja potreba: dve strane moraju da žele ono što druga ima da bi mogle da trguju. Ako se želje dve osobe ne podudaraju, oni moraju da pronađu druge ljude sa kojima će trgovati dok svi ne pronađu dobro koje žele.
Ljudi koji trguju robom i uslugama moraju da imaju potrebe koje se podudaraju.
Vremenom, veoma je verovatno da će se određena vrsta robe, poput pšenice, pojaviti kao sredstvo razmene jer su je mnogi ljudi želeli. Uzimajući pšenicu kao primer: pšenica je rešila “sticaje potreba” u mnogim zanatima, jer čak i ako onaj koji prima pšenicu a nije želeo da je koristi za sebe, znao je da će je neko drugi želeti.
Ovo nazivamo prodajnost imovine.
Pšenica je dobar primer dobra za prodaju jer svi moraju da jedu, a od pšenice se pravi hleb. Pšenica ima vrednost kao sastojak hleba i kao dobro koje olakšava trgovinu rešavanjem problema „sticaja potreba“.
Razmislite o svojoj želji da dobijete više novčanica u eurima ili drugoj valuti. Ne možete da jedete novčanice da biste preživeli, a i ne bi vam bile od velike koristi ako poželite da ih koristite kao građevinski materijal za vašu kuću. Međutim, znate da sa tim novčanicama možete da kupite hranu i kuću.
Stvarne fizičke novčanice su beskorisne za vas. Novčanice su vam dragocene samo zato što će ih drugi prihvatiti za stvari koje su vama korisne.
Tokom dugog perioda istorije, novac je evoluirao do te mere da monetarno dobro može imati vrednost, a da to dobro ne služi za bilo koju drugu ‘suštinsku’ upotrebu, poput hrane ili energije. Umesto toga, njegova upotreba je zaliha vrednosti i jednostavna zamena za drugu robu u bilo kom trenutku koji poželite.
Šta jedno dobro čini poželjnijim i prodajnijim od drugog dobra?
Deljivost
Definicija: Sposobnost podele dobra na manje količine.
Loš Primer: Dijamante je teško podeliti na manje komade. Za zajednicu od hiljada ljudi koji dnevno izvrše milione transakcija, dijamanti čine loše sredstvo razmene. Previše su retki i nedeljivi da bi se koristili za mnoge transakcije.
Potrebno je puno obuke da bi izrezali dijamant.
Ujednačenost
Definicija: Sličnost pojedinačnih jedinica odredjenog dobra.
Loš Primer: Krave nisu ujednačene – neke su veće, neke manje, neke bolesne, neke zdrave. Sa druge strane, unca čistog zlata je jednolična – jedna unca je potpuno ista kao sledeća. Ovo svojstvo se takođe često naziva zamenljivost.
Svaka je jedinstvena na svoj način.
Prenosivost
Definicija: Lakoća transporta dobra.
Loš Primer: Krava nije baš prenosiva. Zlatnici su prilično prenosivi. Papirne novčanice su još prenošljivije. Knjiga u kojoj se jednostavno beleži vlasništvo nad tim vrednostima (poput Rai kamenog sistema ili digitalnog bankovnog računa) je neverovatno prenosiva, jer nema fizičkog dobra koje treba nositi sa sobom za kupovinu. Postoji samo sistem za evidentiranje vlasništva nad tim vrednostima u nematerijalnom obliku.
Novac star 5000 godina VS novac star 13 godina
Kako dobro postaje sredstvo razmene?
Dobra postaju, i ostaju sredstva razmene zbog svoje univerzalne potražnje, takođe poznate kao njihova prodajnost, čemu pomažu svojstva koja su gore nabrojana.
Mnogo različitih dobara mogu u različitoj meri delovati kao sredstva razmene u ekonomiji. Danas, naša globalna ekonomija koristi valute koje izdaju države, zlato, pa čak i robu poput nafte kao sredstvo razmene.
Šta je obračunska jedinica?
Stvari se komplikuju kada u ekonomiji postoji mnogo robe koja se prodaje. Čak i sa samo 5 dobara, postoji 10 “kurseva razmene” između svake robe kojih svi u ekonomiji moraju da se sete: 1 svinja se menja za 15 pilića, 1 pile se menja za 15 litara mleka, desetak jaja se menja za 15 litara mleka, i tako dalje. Ako ekonomija ima 50 dobara, među njima postoji 1.225 “kurseva razmene”!
Sredstvo za merenje vrednosti
Zamislite obračunsku jedinicu kao sredstvo za merenje vrednosti. Umesto da se sećamo vrednosti svakog dobra u poredjenju sa drugim dobrima, mi samo treba da se setimo vrednosti svakog dobra u poredjenju sa jednim dobrom – obračunskom jedinicom.
Umesto da se setimo 1.225 kurseva razmene kada imamo 50 proizvoda na tržištu, mi treba da zapamtimo samo 50 cena.
Na primer, ne treba da se sećamo da litar mleka vredi 1/15 piletine ili desetak jaja, možemo da se samo setimo da litar mleka košta 1USD.
Mnogo opcija, sve u istoj obračunskoj jedinici.
Poređenje dobara je lakše sa obračunskom jedinicom
Obračunska jedinica takođe olakšava upoređivanje vrednosti i donošenje odluka. Zamislite da pokušavate da kupite par Nike Air Jordan patika kada ih jedan prodavac prodaje za jedno pile, a drugi za 50 klipova kukuruza.
Šta je zaliha vrednosti?
Do sada smo gledali samo primere transakcija koje se odvijaju u određenom trenutku u vremenu.
Međutim, ljudi vrše transakcije tokom vremena – oni štede novac i troše ga kasnije. Da bi odredjeno dobro moglo da funkcioniše pravilno kao monetarno dobro, ono treba da održi vrednost tokom vremena.
Novac koji vremenom dobro drži vrednost daje njegovom imaocu više izbora kada će taj novac da potroši.
To znači da prodajnost dobra uključuje njegovu sposobnost da održi vrednost tokom vremena.
Šta jedno dobro čini boljom zalihom vrednosti od drugog dobra?
Trajnost
Definicija: Sposobnost dobra da vremenom zadrži svoj oblik.
Loš Primer: Jagode čine lošu zalihu vrednosti jer se lako oštete i brzo trunu.
Odluka je daleko lakša ako jedan prodavac naplaćuje 150 USD, a drugi 200 USD – odmah je očigledno koja je bolja ponuda jer su vrednosti izražene u istoj jedinici.
Nije sjajna forma novca.
Teške za Proizvodnju
Definicija: Teškoće koje ljudi imaju u proizvodnji veće količine dobra.
Loš Primer: Papirne novčanice predstavljaju lošu zalihu vrednosti jer banke i vlade mogu jeftino da ih naprave.
Sa zlatom je suprotno – u ponudi se nalazi ograničena količina uprkos velikoj potražnji za njim, jednostavno zato što ga je vrlo teško iskopati iz zemlje. Ova ograničena ponuda osigurava da svaka jedinica zlata održi vrednost tokom vremena.
Traženje zlata je spora i teška aktivnost. Obično se ne pronađe puno!
Kako dobra postaju zalihe vrednosti?
Dobro postaje zaliha vrednosti ako se vremenom pokaže trajnim i teškim za proizvodnju.
Samo će vreme pokazati da li je neko dobro zaista trajno i da li ga je teško proizvesti. Zbog toga neki oblici novca su postojali vekovima pre nego što je neko otkrio način da ih proizvede više, i na kraju se to dobro više nije koristilo kao novac.
Ovo je priča o školjkama, Rai kamenju i mnogim drugim oblicima novca tokom istorije.
Zlato je primer dobra koje je hiljadama godina služilo kao dobra zaliha vrednosti. Zlato se ne razgrađuje tokom vremena i još uvek ga je teško proizvesti. Hiljadama godina alhemičari su bezuspešno pokušavali da sintetišu zlato iz jeftinih materijala.
Čak i sa današnjim naprednim rudarskim tehnikama, svake godine svi svetski rudnici zlata zajedno mogu da proizvedu samo 2% od ukupne ponude zlata u prometu.
Teškoće u proizvodnji zlata daju izuzetno visok odnos “zaliha i protoka”: zaliha je broj postojećih jedinica, a protok su nove jedinice stvorene tokom određenog vremenskog perioda. Svake godine se stvori vrlo malo novih jedinica zlata, iako je potražnja za zlatom obično vrlo velika.
Kombinujući ovo sa deljivošću, ujednačenošću i prenosivošću zlata, nije ni čudo što je zlato čovečanstvu služilo kao monetarno dobro tokom poslednjih 5.000 godina. Pošto je zlato teško proizvesti, možemo ga nazvati teškim novcem (hard money).
Kao rezultat toga, svoju vrednost je u velikoj meri zadržao kroz milenijume. Cena većine dobara i usluga u pogledu zlata zapravo se vremenom smanjivala kao rezultat tehnoloških inovacija, koje sve proizvode čine jeftinijim.
Uzmimo na primer cene hrane prema praćenju Kancelarije za hranu i poljoprivredu UN-a: sa obzirom na skokove u poljoprivrednoj tehnologiji tokom poslednjih 60 godina, cene hrane drastično su pale kada se procenjuju u zlatu. To čak i važi uprkos činjenici da obični ljudi retko koriste zlato za kupovinu stvari.
Cene hrane su padale u pogledu zlata tokom proteklih 60 godina, i mnogo pre toga (FAO Indeks Cena Hrane u Zlatu)
Zaliha vrednosti omogućava ljudima da uštede novac kako bi mogli da ga ulažu u pokretanje preduzeća i obrazovanje, povećavajući produktivnost društva.
Monetarna dobra koja dobro čuvaju vrednost takođe podstiču dugoročniji pogled na život, ili kratke vremenske preference. Pojedinac može da radi 10 godina, uštedi odredjeno monetarno dobro koje je dobra zaliha vrednosti, i nema potrebe da se plaši da će njegova ušteđevina biti izbrisana krahom tržišta ili povećanjem ponude tog dobra.
Zašto su važne funkcije novca?
Kada neki oblik novca izgubi bilo koju od svojih važnih funkcija kao što su sredstvo razmene, obračunska jedinica i zaliha vrednosti, celokupna ekonomija i društvo mogu da se rastrgnu.
Tokom istorije često vidimo grupe ljudi koje eksploatišu druge iskorišćavajući nesporazume o novcu i važnosti njegovih funkcija.
Sledeće, proći ću kroz istoriju novca, prvo hipotetički da bih ilustrovao poentu, a zatim ću preći na stvarne istorijske primere. Kroz ove primere videćemo štetne efekte na društva u slučajevima kada se izgubi samo jedna od tih ključnih funkcija novca.
Novac Gubi Funkciju: Alhemičar iz Njutonije
Kroz istoriju, mnoga dobra su dolazila i odlazila kao oblici novca. Na žalost, kada se neki oblik novca ukine, ponekad postoji grupa ljudi koja eksploatiše drugi oblik manipulišući tim novcem.
Hajde da pogledamo hipotetičko selo zvano Njutonija da bismo razumeli kako dolazi do ove eksploatacije.
Zelene perle postaju Novac
Tokom stotina godina ribolova u obližnjoj reci, stanovnici Njutonije sakupljali su zelene perle iz vode. Zrnca su mala, lagana, izdržljiva, jednolična i retko se pojavljuju u reci. Ljudi prvo priželjkuju perle zbog svoje lepote. Na kraju, seljani shvataju da svi drugi žele perle – one se vrlo lako mogu prodati. Zrnca uskoro postaju sredstvo razmene i obračunska jedinica u selu: pile je 5 zrna, vreća jabuka 2 zrna, krava 80 zrna.
Ukupna ponuda perli je prilično konstantna i cene se vremenom ne menjaju mnogo. Seoski starešina je uveren da može da se opustiti u poslednjim danima živeći od svoje velike zalihe perli.
Alhemičar stvara više perli
Seoski alhemičar je poželeo da bude bogat čovek, ali nije voleo da vredno radi na tome. Umesto da traži perle u reci ili da prodaje vrednu robu drugim seljanima, on sedeo je u svojoj laboratoriji. Na kraju je otkrio kako da lako stvori stotine perli sa malo peska i vatre.
Seljani koji su tragali za perlama u reci bili su srećni ako bi svaki dan pronašli po 1 zrno. Alhemičar je mogao da proizvede stotine uz malo napora.
Alhemičar troši svoje perle
Budući da je bio prilično zao, alhemičar nije svoj metod pravljenja zrna delio ni sa kim drugim. Stvorio je sebi još više perli i počeo da ih troši za dobra na tržištu u Njutoniji. Tokom sledećih meseci, alhemičar je kupio farmu pilića, nekoliko krava, finu svilu, posteljine i ogromno imanje. On je imao priliku da kupi ova dobra po normalnim cenama na tržištu.
Alhemičarevo trošenje ostavljalo je seljanima mnogo perli, ali malo njihove vredne robe.
Svi seljani su se osećali bogatima – imali su tone perli! Međutim, polako su primetili da i svi ostali takodje imaju tone.
Cene počinju da rastu
Uzgajivač pilića primetio je da sva roba koju je trebalo da kupi na pijaci poskupela. Džak jabuka sada se prodaje za 100 perli – 50 puta više od njihove cene pre nekoliko meseci!
Iako je sada imao hiljade perli, uskoro bi mogao da ostane bez njih zbog ovih cena. Pitao se – da li zaista može sebi da priušti da prodaje svoje piliće za samo 5 perli po komadu? Morao je i on da podigne svoje cene.
Jednostavno rečeno, kao rezultat alhemičarevog trošenja njegovih novostvorenih perli, bilo je previše perli koje su jurile premalo dobara – pa su cene porasle.
Kupci robe bili su spremni da potroše više perli da bi kupili potrebna dobra. Prodavci robe su trebali da naplate više da bi bili sigurni da su zaradili dovoljno da kupe potrebna dobra za sebe.
Budući da su cene svih dobara porasle, možemo reći da se vrednost svake perle smanjila.
Nejednakost bogatstva raste
Seoski starešina, koji je vredno radio da sačuva hiljade perli, sada se našao osiromašenim i gladnim. U međuvremenu, alhemičar je udobno sedeo na svom velikom imanju sa kravama, pilićima i slugama koji su se brinuli za svaki njegov hir.
Alhemičar je efikasno ukrao bogatstvo celog sela, tako što je jeftino proizvodio perle i koristio ih za kupovinu vredne robe.
Ono što je najvažnije, kupio je robu pre nego što je tržište shvatilo da je više perli u opticaju i da ima manje robe, što je dovelo do rasta cena. Ova dodatna proizvodnja perli nije dodala korisnu robu ili usluge selu. Kroz istoriju, mnoga dobra su dolazila i odlazila kao oblici novca. Na žalost, kada se neki oblik novca ukine, ponekad postoji grupa ljudi koja eksploatiše drugi oblik manipulišući tim novcem.
Hajde da pogledamo hipotetičko selo zvano Njutonija da bismo razumeli kako dolazi do ove eksploatacije.
Zelene perle postaju Novac
Tokom stotina godina ribolova u obližnjoj reci, stanovnici Njutonije sakupljali su zelene perle iz vode. Zrnca su mala, lagana, izdržljiva, jednolična i retko se pojavljuju u reci. Ljudi prvo priželjkuju perle zbog svoje lepote. Na kraju, seljani shvataju da svi drugi žele perle – one se vrlo lako mogu prodati. Zrnca uskoro postaju sredstvo razmene i obračunska jedinica u selu: pile je 5 zrna, vreća jabuka 2 zrna, krava 80 zrna.
Ukupna ponuda perli je prilično konstantna i cene se vremenom ne menjaju mnogo. Seoski starešina je uveren da može da se opustiti u poslednjim danima živeći od svoje velike zalihe perli.
Alhemičar stvara više perli
Seoski alhemičar je poželeo da bude bogat čovek, ali nije voleo da vredno radi na tome. Umesto da traži perle u reci ili da prodaje vrednu robu drugim seljanima, on sedeo je u svojoj laboratoriji. Na kraju je otkrio kako da lako stvori stotine perli sa malo peska i vatre.
Seljani koji su tragali za perlama u reci bili su srećni ako bi svaki dan pronašli po 1 zrno. Alhemičar je mogao da proizvede stotine uz malo napora.
Alhemičar troši svoje perle
Budući da je bio prilično zao, alhemičar nije svoj metod pravljenja zrna delio ni sa kim drugim. Stvorio je sebi još više perli i počeo da ih troši za dobra na tržištu u Njutoniji. Tokom sledećih meseci, alhemičar je kupio farmu pilića, nekoliko krava, finu svilu, posteljine i ogromno imanje. On je imao priliku da kupi ova dobra po normalnim cenama na tržištu.
Alhemičarevo trošenje ostavljalo je seljanima mnogo perli, ali malo njihove vredne robe.
Svi seljani su se osećali bogatima – imali su tone perli! Međutim, polako su primetili da i svi ostali takodje imaju tone.
Cene počinju da rastu
Uzgajivač pilića primetio je da sva roba koju je trebalo da kupi na pijaci poskupela. Džak jabuka sada se prodaje za 100 perli – 50 puta više od njihove cene pre nekoliko meseci!
Iako je sada imao hiljade perli, uskoro bi mogao da ostane bez njih zbog ovih cena. Pitao se – da li zaista može sebi da priušti da prodaje svoje piliće za samo 5 perli po komadu? Morao je i on da podigne svoje cene.
Jednostavno rečeno, kao rezultat alhemičarevog trošenja njegovih novostvorenih perli, bilo je previše perli koje su jurile premalo dobara – pa su cene porasle.
Kupci robe bili su spremni da potroše više perli da bi kupili potrebna dobra. Prodavci robe su trebali da naplate više da bi bili sigurni da su zaradili dovoljno da kupe potrebna dobra za sebe.
Budući da su cene svih dobara porasle, možemo reći da se vrednost svake perle smanjila.
Nejednakost bogatstva raste
Seoski starešina, koji je vredno radio da sačuva hiljade perli, sada se našao osiromašenim i gladnim. U međuvremenu, alhemičar je udobno sedeo na svom velikom imanju sa kravama, pilićima i slugama koji su se brinuli za svaki njegov hir.
Alhemičar je efikasno ukrao bogatstvo celog sela, tako što je jeftino proizvodio perle i koristio ih za kupovinu vredne robe.
Ono što je najvažnije, kupio je robu pre nego što je tržište shvatilo da je više perli u opticaju i da ima manje robe, što je dovelo do rasta cena. Ova dodatna proizvodnja perli nije dodala korisnu robu ili usluge selu.
Eksploatacija pomoću Novca: Agri Perle
Nažalost, priča o alhemičaru iz Njutonije nije u potpunosti hipotetička. Ovaj prenos bogatstva kroz stvaranje novca ima istorijske i moderne presedane.
Na primer, afrička plemena su nekada koristila staklene perle, poznate kao “agri perle”, kao sredstvo razmene. U to vreme plemenskim ljudima je bilo veoma teško da prave staklene perle, i one su predstavljale težak novac unutar njihovog plemenskog društva.
Niko nije mogao jeftino da proizvede perle i koristiti ih za kupovinu skupe, vredne robe poput kuća, hrane i odeće.
Eksploatacija pomoću Novca: Agri Perle
Nažalost, priča o alhemičaru iz Njutonije nije u potpunosti hipotetička. Ovaj prenos bogatstva kroz stvaranje novca ima istorijske i moderne presedane.
Na primer, afrička plemena su nekada koristila staklene perle, poznate kao “agri perle”, kao sredstvo razmene. U to vreme plemenskim ljudima je bilo veoma teško da prave staklene perle, i one su predstavljale težak novac unutar njihovog plemenskog društva.
Niko nije mogao jeftino da proizvede perle i koristiti ih za kupovinu skupe, vredne robe poput kuća, hrane i odeće.
Perle proizvedene u Gani
Sve se promenilo kada su stigli Evropljani, i primetili upotrebu staklenih perli kao novca.
U to vreme, Evropljani su mogli jeftino da stvaraju staklo u velikim količinama. Kao rezultat toga, Evropljani su počeli tajno da uvoze perle i koriste ih za kupovinu dobara, usluga i robova od Afrikanaca.
Peć za izradu stakla u Muranu, Italija. Ovo ostrvo izvan Venecije proizvodi staklo od 15. veka.
Vremenom se iz Afrike izvlačila vredna roba i ljudi, dok je plemenima ostajalo mnogo perli i malo robe.
Perle su izgubile veći deo vrednosti zbog inflacije uzrokovane snabdevanjem od strane Evropljana.
Rezultat je bio osiromašenje afričkih plemena i bogaćenje Evropljana, kako to ovde objašnjava monetarni istoričar Bezant Denier.
Dragocena roba je kupljena jeftino proizvedenim monetarnim dobrom.
Profitiranje na proizvodnji novca: Emisiona dobit
Ova priča ilustruje kako se bogatstvo prenosi kada jedna grupa može jeftino da proizvodi monetarno dobro.
Razlika između troškova proizvodnje monetarnog dobra i vrednosti tog monetarnog dobra poznata je kao emisiona dobit, eng. seignorage.
Kada je monetarno dobro mnogo vrednije od troškova proizvodnje, ljudi će proizvesti više od monetarnog dobra da bi uhvatili profit od emisione dobiti.
Na kraju će ova povećana ponuda dovesti do pada vrednosti monetarnog dobra. To je zbog zakona ponude i potražnje: kada se ponuda povećava, cena (poznata i kao vrednost) dobra opada.
Novac Gubi Funkciju 2. Deo: Kejnslandski Bankar
U priči o Njutoniji, alhemičar je otkrio način da se od malo peska jeftino stvori više zelenih perli. To se u stvarnosti odigralo kroz trgovinu između Evropljana i Afrikanaca, pričom o agri perlama. Međutim, ove priče su pomalo zastarele – mi više ne trgujemo robom za perle.
Da bismo nas doveli do modernog doba, hajde da promenimo neka imena u našoj priči:
- Selo Njutonija postaje država koja se zove Kejnsland
- Alhemičar postaje bankar
- Seoski starešina postaje penzioner
- Zelene perle postaju zlato, koje niko ne može jeftinije da stvori – čak ni bankar.
Bankar Menja Papirne Novčanice za Zlato
Kao i u stvarnosti, bankar u ovoj priči nema formulu ili trik da stvori više zlata. Međutim, bankar bezbedno čuva zlato u vlasništvu svakog građanina Kejnslanda. Bankar daje svakom građaninu po jednu potvrdu za svaku uncu zlata koje ima u svom trezoru.
Te potvrde se mogu iskoristiti u bilo koje vreme za stvarno zlato. Papirne potvrde ili novčanice su mnogo pogodnije za plaćanje nego nošenje zlata kroz supermarket.
Građani su srećni – oni imaju prikladno sredstvo plaćanja u vidu bankarevih novčanica, i znaju da niko ne može da ukrade njihovo bogatstvo falsifikujući više zlata.
Građani na kraju počinju da plaćaju u potpunosti papirnim novčanicama, ne trudeći se nikad da zamene svoje novčanice za zlato. Na kraju, novčanice postaju “dobre kao i zlato” – svaka predstavlja fiksnu količinu zlata u bankarevom trezoru.
Ukupno kruži 1.000.000 novčanica, od kojih je svaka otkupljiva za jednu uncu zlata. 1.000.000 unci zlata sedi u bankarevom trezoru. Svaka novčanica je u potpunosti podržana u zlatu.
Starešina koji je sačuvao sve svoje perle u priči o Njutoniji sada je penzioner u Kejnslandu, koji svoje zlato drži u banci i planira da ugodno živi od novčanica koje je dobio zauzvrat.
Hajde da u ovu priču dodamo i novi lik: premijera Kejnslanda. Premijer naplaćuje porez od građana i koristi ga za plaćanje javnih usluga poput policije i vojske. Premijer takođe drži vladino zlato kod bankara.
Bankar Menja Papirne Novčanice za Dug
Premijer želi da osigura da nacionalno zlato ostane na sigurnom, pa banku štiti policijom. Bankar i premijer se zbog toga zbližavaju, pa premijer traži uslugu. Traži od bankara da kreira 200.000 novčanica za premijera, uz obećanje da će mu premijer vratiti za pet godina. Premijeru su novčanice potrebne za finansiranje rata. Građani Kejnslanda borili su se protiv većih poreza zbog finansiranja rata, pa je morao da se obrati bankaru.
Bankar se slaže da izradi novčanice, ali pod jednim uslovom: bankar uzima deo od 10.000 novčanica za sebe. Premijer prihvata posao kojim bankar ’kupuje državni dug’. Sada je u opticaju 1.200.000 novčanica, potpomognutih kombinacijom 1.000.000 unci zlata i ugovorom o dugu sa vladom za 200.000 novčanica.
Premijer troši svoje nove novčanice na bombe kupujući ih od dobavljača iz domaće vojne industrije, a bankar sebi kupuje veliki luksuzni stan.
Dobavljač iz vojne industrije koristi sve nove novčanice koje je dobio od premijera da kupi amonijum nitrat (đubrivo koje se koristi u bombama) za proizvodnju bombi. Sve njegove kupovine povećavaju cenu đubriva za uzgajivače pšenice u Kejnslandu, pa oni podižu cenu pšenice.
Kao uzrok toga, pekar koji kupuje pšenicu treba da podigne cenu svog hleba da bi ostao u poslu. Na taj način cene u Kejnslandu počinju da rastu, baš kao što su to činile u Njutoniji kada su nove perle ušle u opticaj.
Papirne Novčanice Više Ne Predstavljaju Zlato
Penzioner nailazi na finansijski časopis u kojem se pominje premijerov dogovor da se zaduži za finansiranje rata. Obzirom da je mudar, on zna da bombe loše vraćaju ulaganje i sumnja da će premijer ikada da vrati svoj dug.
Ako on ‘podmiri’ svoj dug, to bi ostavilo 1.200.000 novčanica u opticaju sa samo 1.000.000 unci zlata da bi ih podržalo, obezvređujući njegovu ušteđevinu. Već oseća stisak u džepu zbog porasta cena, i on odlučuje da se uputi u lokalnu banku i preda svoje novčanice i zameni ih za zlato, koje niko ne može da napravi u većoj količini.
Kada penzioner stigne u banku, on zatiče i mnoge druge okupljene oko banke. Svi oni se nadaju da će uzeti zlato koje predstavljaju njihove novčanice. Građani Kejnslanda sa pravom se plaše da njihove novčanice gube na vrednosti – oni to već osećaju zbog porasta cena.
Vrata su zaključana, sa obaveštenjem bankara na njima:
Po nalogu premijera, onom koji se plaši za stabilnost ove bankarske institucije, ova banka više neće podržavati konvertibilnost papirnih novčanica u zlato. Hvala vam!
Gomila se razilazi, ostavljena sa jednim izborom: da zadrže svoje novčanice, koje sada vrede manje od 1 unce zlata. Građani sa dovoljno finansijske stabilnosti odlučuju da ulože svoje novčanice u kupovinu akcija banke i kompanija vojne industrije, koje dobro posluju jer mogu da kupuju stvari pre nego što se povećaju tržišne cene.
Mnogi ljudi nisu u mogućnosti da investiraju – oni moraju da gledaju kako njihove zarade stagniraju i kako njihova ušteđevina polako ali sigurno gubi vrednost.
Penzioner, koji se nadao da će živeti od novčanica koje je zaradio tokom svojih 40 radnih godina, sada 40 sati nedeljno provodi iza kase u lokalnoj prodavnici, pitajući se gde je sve pošlo po zlu.
Dug Nikada Nije Otplaćen
Prošlo je nekoliko godina, a premijerov dug prema banci dolazi na naplatu. Budući da je potrošio svih 200.000 novčanica na bombe, koje nemaju baš dobar povraćaj ulaganja, on nema novčanice koje može da vrati banci. Plus, premijer želi da kupi još bombi za svoj rat.
Bankar uverava premijera da je sve u redu. Bankar će napraviti novi ugovor o dugu za 600.000 novčanica, koji bi trebao da stigne na naplatu u narednih 5 godina. Premijer može da iskoristi 200.000 od tih novih 600.000 novčanica da vrati svoj prvobitni dug prema banci, zadrži još 300.000 da kupi još bombi i da 100.000 bankaru da bi mu platio njegove usluge.
To nastavlja da se dešava – svaki put kada dug dospeva na naplatu, bankar stvara više novčanica za vraćanje starijih dugova i daje premijeru još više novca za trošenje. Ovaj ciklus se nastavlja.
Šta se dešava u Kejnslandu?
- Oni koji prvi dobiju nove novčanice, gledaju kako se njihovo bogatstvo povećava
- To uključuje bankara, premijera, vladu i sve one koji mogu da pristupe mogućnostima za investiranje u preduzeća koja prva dobiju nove novčanice (finansijske, vojne itd.).
- Cene roba rastu
- Cene se ne povećavaju ravnomerno – one se povećavaju gde god nove novčanice prvo uđu u ekonomiju i od tog trenutka imaju efekat talasa na tržišta. U našem primeru prvo raste cena amonijum nitrata, zatim cena pšenice, pa cena hleba. A tek na kraju zarade običnih ljudi.
- Štednja i životni standard opšte populacije se smanjuju
- Najviše pate oni koji žive od plate do plate i ne mogu da ulažu. Čak i oni koji su u mogućnosti da investiraju podložni su hirovima tržišta. Mnogi su prisiljeni da prodaju svoje investicije po niskim cenama tokom pada tržišta samo da bi platili svoje dnevne potrebe.
- Razlika u prihodima i bogatstvu između bogatih i siromašnih se povećava
- Bogatstvo opšte populacije se smanjuje, dok se bogatstvo onih koji su blizu mesta gde se troše nove novčanice povećava. Rezultat je disparitet koji se vremenom samo proširuje.
Da li nas novac danas eksploatiše?
Priča o Njutoniji i stvarna priča o agri perlama u Africi deluju pomalo zastarelo. Priča o Kejnslandu, međutim, deluje neobično poznato. U našem svetu cene robe uvek rastu, i vidimo rekordne nivoe nejednakosti u bogatstvu.
U poslednjem odeljku ovog našeg članka Šta je novac, proći ću kroz nastanak bankarstva i korake koji su bili potrebni da se dođe do današnjeg sistema, gde banke i vlade sarađuju u kontroli ekonomije i samog novca.
Šta su banke, i odakle su one došle?
Pojava bankarstva verovatno se dogodila da bi olakšala poljoprivrednu trgovinu i da bi povećala pogodnosti. Iako su se mnoga društva na kraju konvergirala ka upotrebi zlata i srebra kao novca, ovi metali su bili teški i opasni za nošenje kao tovar. Međutim, u mnogim slučajevima ih nije ni trebalo prevoziti. Uzmite ovaj primer:
Grad treba da plati poljoprivrednicima na selu za žito, a poljoprivrednici gradskoj vojsci za zaštitu od varvara. U ovom dogovoru zlato se kreće u oba smera: prema poljoprivrednicima u selu kako bi im se platilo žito, i nazad u grad da bi se platila vojska. Da bi olakšali ove transakcije, preduzetnici su stvorili koncept banke. Banka je zlato čuvala u sigurnom trezoru i izdavala novčanice od papira. Svaka priznanica je predstavljala potvrdu da njen imaoc poseduje određenu količinu zlata u banci. Imaoc novčanice je u svako doba mogao da uzme svoje zlato nazad vraćanjem te novčanice banci.
Korisnici banke mogli su lakše da trguju sa novčanicama od papira, i onaj koji poseduje novčanice mogao je da preuzme njihovo fizičko zlato u bilo kom trenutku. To je te novčanice učinilo “dobrim kao i zlato”.
Banke su izdržavale svoje poslovanje naplaćujući od kupaca naknadu za skladištenje zlata ili pozajmljivanjem dela zlata i zaračunavanjem kamata na njega. Trgovina na ovaj način je mogla da se odvija sa laganim novčanicama od papira umesto sa teškim vrećama zlatnika.
Ovakva praksa sa transakcijama, korišćenjem papirne valute potpomognute monetarnim dobrima, verovatno je započela u Kini u 7. veku.
Na kraju se proširila Evropom 1600-ih, a svoj zalet dobila je u Holandiji sa bankama poput Amsterdamske Wisselbanke. Novčanice Wisselbank-e često su vredele više od zlata koje ih je podržavalo, zbog dodane vrednosti njihovih pogodnosti.
Uspon nacionalnih ‘centralnih banaka’
Tokom vekova, zlato je počelo da se sakuplja u trezorima banaka, jer su ljudi više voleli pogodnosti transakcija sa novčanicama.
Na kraju, nacionalne banke u vlasništvu vlada preuzele su ulogu čuvanja zlata od privatnih banaka koje su započeli preduzetnici.
Nacionalne papirne valute potpomognute zlatnim rezervama u nacionalnim bankama zamenile su novčanice iz privatnih banaka. Sve nacionalne valute bile su jednostavno potvrde za zlato koje se nalazilo u trezoru nacionalne banke.
Ovaj sistem je poznat kao zlatni standard – sve valute su jednostavno predstavljale različite težine zlata.
U gornjem levom uglu novčanice možete videti da piše da je novčanica “zamenljiva za zlato”. Savremeni dolari nemaju ovaj natpis, ali inače izgledaju vrlo slično. Izvor
Zlatni sistem je postojao veći deo vremena, sve do Prvog svetskog rata. Vladama je bilo teško da prikupe novac za ovaj rat putem poreza, pa su morale da budu kreativne.
Kada vlade troše više nego što zarađuju na porezima, to se naziva deficitna potrošnja.
Kako vlade mogu ovo da urade? Vlade to rade tako što pozajmljuju novac prodavajući svoj dug.
Tokom Prvog svetskog rata, vlade su građanima i preduzećima prodavale vrstu duga koja se naziva ratna obveznica. Kada građanin kupi ratnu obveznicu, on preda svoj novac vladi i dobije papir u kojem je stajalo vladino obećanje da će vlasniku obveznice vratiti novac, plus kamate, za nekoliko godina.
Plakat koji obaveštava građane, tražeći od njih da kupe ratne obveznice – što predstavlja zajam vladi. Izvor
Centralne banke ‘monetizuju’ državni dug
Međutim, građani i preduzeća nisu bili voljni da kupe dovoljno ratnih obveznica za finansiranje Prvog svetskog rata.
Vlade se nisu predale – pa su zatražile od svojih nacionalnih ‘centralnih banaka’ da one kupe ove obveznice. Centralne banke su otkupile obveznice, ali ih nisu platile valutom potpomognutom postojećim zlatnim rezervama, kao što su to činili građani i banke prilikom kupovine obveznica.
Centralne banke su umesto toga davale vladi novu, sveže štampanu papirnu valutu potpomognutu samo obveznicom. Ovu valutu podržalo je samo obećanje da će im vlada vratiti dugove. Ovo je poznato kao monetizacija duga.
Budući da su ratne obveznice i valuta samo komadi papira, one su lake i jeftine za proizvodnju i mogu se napraviti u ogromnim količinama. Ono što ograničava proizvodnju i jednog i drugog je poverenje.
Ima smisla da se neko rastane od svog teško stečenog novca da kupi državnu obveznicu, samo ako veruje da će vlada da vrati svoj dug, plus kamate. Centralna banka je “krajnji kupac”, što znači da će ona da kupi državne obveznice kada to niko drugi neće da uradi.
Zapamtite, centralnu banku gotovo da ništa ne košta da kupi državne obveznice, jer oni sami štampaju valutu da bi ih kupili.
Zamislite da pridjete najskupljem automobilu u autosalonu – koji košta 100.000 USD. Mislite da je automobil lep, ali taj novac biste radije potrošili na lepši stan – tako da ste spremni da platite samo 40.000 USD za taj auto.
Sada, hajde da zamislimo da imate štampač za novac i da vas košta samo 50 USD za mastilo i papir da bi ištampali 1.000.000 USD. Vi biste odmah kupili auto, čak i ako biste morali da se cenkate sa drugim čovekom, i da ga na kraju platite 150.000 USD!
Ista stvar se dešava kada centralna banka kupuje obveznice (dugove) od vlade. Centralna banka može da stvori valutu toliko jeftino, da su spremni da plate i više nego što bi drugi platili ove obveznice i nastaviće da ih kupuju čak i kada niko drugi ne bude želeo.
Monetizacija duga uzrokuje inflaciju
Kada centralne banke monetizuju državni dug, funkcija novca kao zalihe vrednosti počinje da se nagriza. Vlada troši novi novac koji je dobila od svoje centralne banke na ratnu robu, obroke i još mnogo toga.
Cene roba rastu od ove novoštampane valute koja kruži kroz ekonomiju. Kada se cene povećavaju, to znači da se vrednost svake jedinice valute smanjuje. Svi koji drže valutu sada imaju manje vrednosti. Danas to nazivamo sporim gubitkom funkcije zalihe vrednosti u novčanoj inflaciji.
Za Nemačku nakon Prvog svetskog rata monetizacija duga izazvala je totalni slom Nemačke ekonomije i stvorila uslove za rast fašizma.
Kao deo sporazuma o prekidu vatre koji je okončao Prvi svetski rat, Nemačka je pobednicima morala da plati ogroman novac. Nemačkoj vladi je bio preko potreban novac, pa su prodale obveznice (dug) Rajhsbanci, nemačkoj centralnoj banci.
Ovaj postupak doveo je do toga da je vlada štampala toliko maraka (tadašnja nemačka valuta) da je tempo inflacije u Nemačkoj ubrzan u hiperinflaciju početkom 1920-ih. Cena vekne hleba za samo 4 godine popela se sa 1,2 marke na 428 biliona maraka.
Tokom i posle Prvog svetskog rata, SAD, Britanija, Francuska i mnoge druge vlade pratile su Nemačku u štampanju valute potpomognute državnim dugom.
To je dovelo do toga da su građani želeli da svoju papirnu valutu zamene za zlato, baš kao i penzioner iz priče o Kejnslandu.
Međutim, mnoge vlade su suspendovale konvertibilnost svojih valuta u zlato. Ovim potezom vlade su primorale svoje građane da drže nacionalnu papirnu valutu i gledaju kako se njihova ušteda smanjuje u vrednosti.
Da bi mogle da nastave da štampaju novac i da bi ga trošile na nepopularne programe za koje nisu mogle da skupljaju poreze za finansiranje – poput ratova.
Bretton Woods: Novi monetarni sistem
Nakon razaranja koja su donela dva svetska rata, vlade su uspostavile novi globalni monetarni sistem prema Bretton Woods-ovom sporazumu iz 1944. godine.
Prema ovom sporazumu, valuta svake države konvertovala se po fiksnom kursu sa američkim dolarom. Američki dolar je zauzvrat predstavljao zlato po stopi od 35 USD za jednu trojsku uncu zlata*.
Sve globalne valute su stoga još uvek bile jednostavna reprezentacija zlata, putem američkih dolara kao posrednika. Redovni građani više nisu mogli da otkupljuju svoje valute za zlato iz Sjedinjenih Država. Međutim, strane centralne banke mogle bi da dođu u Sjedinjene Države da bi zamenile dolare za zlato po stopi od 35 USD za jednu uncu zlata.
Međutim, vlada Sjedinjenih Država nije uvek držala dovoljno zlata da podrži sve dolare u opticaju. Američka vlada nastavila je da finansira proširene socijalne i vojne programe prodajom državnog duga svojoj centralnoj banci, Federalnim rezervama, koja je povećala ponudu dolara bez povećanja ponude zlata koja podupire te dolare.
*Trojna unca je standardna mera čistog zlata i ima malo veću težinu od normalne unce.
Propast Bretton Woods-a
Tokom 1970-ih, sve veći troškovi rata u Vijetnamu i stranih vlada koje su otkupljivale svoje dolare za zlato, stvorili su pritisak na Trezor Sjedinjenih Država.
Ponuda dolara je porasla, dok je zlato u posedu Sjedinjenih Država opalo. Od 1950. pa do početka 1970-ih, rezerve zlata koje je držala vlada Sjedinjenih Država smanjile su se za više od 50%, sa 20 metričkih tona na samo 8 metričkih tona.
Godine 1970. država je imala zlata u vrednosti od samo 12 biliona dolara po zvaničnom kursu od 35 dolara za trojsku uncu zlata. Tokom ovog istog vremenskog perioda, ukupna ponuda američkih dolara otišla je sa oko 32 biliona USD na skoro 70 biliona USD.
Zvanične rezerve zlata u SAD-u su naglo padale od 1950. do 1970. godine, dok su se dolari u opticaju povećavali. Izvor: Wikipedia, DollarDaze.org
Američka vlada nije bila u stanju da potkrepi dolare zlatom od 35 dolara po trojnoj unci, što dovelo do rizika za čitav globalni monetarni sistem.
Početkom sedamdesetih godina, trojna unca zlata trebala je da vredi 200 USD da bi u potpunosti podržala sve američke dolare u opticaju. Rečeno na drugi način, Sjedinjene Države su pokušavale da kažu svetu da jedan dolar vredi 1/35 trojne unce zlata, ali u stvarnosti dolar je vredeo samo 1/200 trojne unce.
Kad su strane vlade trebale da pribave dolare za međunarodnu trgovinu i rezerve, bile su opelješene. Francuska vlada je to shvatila šezdesetih godina prošlog veka i počela je da prodaje svoje američke dolare za zlato po zvaničnom kursu od 35 dolara za trojsku uncu zlata.
Zemlje su počinjale da se bude iz šeme američke vlade. SAD su krale bogatstvo putem emisione dobiti, prodajući dolare za 1/35 trojne unce zlata, kada su vredeli samo 1/200 trojske unce.
Nixonov Šok ulazi u ’tradicionalni’ novac
Da bi kuća od karata mogla da ostane na mestu, predsednik Nixon je 1971. najavio da će američka vlada privremeno da obustavi konvertibilnost dolara u zlato.
Strane vlade više nisu mogle da polažu pravo na zlato svojim papirnim dolarima, a dolar više nije bio “poduprt” zlatom. Nixon je tvrdio da će ovo stabilizovati dolar.
50 godina kasnije, kristalno je jasno da je ovo samo pomoglo dolaru da izgubi vrednost i da ovaj “privremeni” program još uvek traje.
Pre 1971. godine, sve globalne valute bile su vezane za američki dolar putem Bretton Woods-ovog sporazuma. Kada je Nixon promenio američki dolar iz dolara podržanog u zlatu u dolar podržan dugom, ovim je promenio i svaku drugu valutu na Zemlji.
Sam je učinio da se celokupna svetska ekonomija zasniva na dugovima. Valute više nisu predstavljale zlato, već su predstavljale vrednost državnog duga.
Zlatni Standard se nikada nije vratio
Konvertibilnost američkih dolara u zlato – zlatni standard – nikada se nije vratio.
Od 1971. godine, čitav globalni monetarni sistem pokreće se tradicionalnim “fiat” valutama: poverenjem u vladine institucije da održavaju valutni sistem.
Većina valuta podržana je kombinacijom duga njihove vlade i drugih tradicionalnih valuta poput dolara i evra. Papirne valute više nisu podržane zlatom, imovinom koja je više od 5000 godina služila kao težak novac.
Danas vas vlade prisiljavaju da plaćate porez u njihovoj valuti i manipulišu saznanjima oko novca kako bi osigurale da potražnja za njihovom valutom ostane velika.
To im omogućava da neprestano štampaju više valuta, da bi je potrošili na vladine projekte, uzrokujući inflaciju cena koja jede i smanjuje bogatstvo i plate.
Američka vlada sada prodaje državne obveznice (dugove), poznate kao obveznice Trezora SAD, eng. US Treasuries, komercijalnim bankama u zamenu za američke dolare.
Vlada koristi te dolare za finansiranje svog budžetskog deficita. Komercijalne banke prodaju mnoge obveznice Trezora SAD, koje su kupile, američkoj centralnoj banci, Federalnim Rezervama.
Federalne rezerve plaćaju komercijalnim bankama sveže štampanim novcem “pomoću računara i upisivanjem količine na račun”, kako je rekao bivši predsednik Fed-a Ben Bernanke.
Ove komercijalne banke često zarađuju samo kupujući obveznice Trezora SAD od države i prodajući ih centralnoj banci. Kupujte nisko, prodajte visoko.
Centralne banke ovaj proces kupovine državnog duga – odnosno pozajmljivanja novca državi – nazivaju operacijama otvorenog tržišta.
Kada centralna banka odjednom kupi velike iznose duga, oni to nazivaju kvantitativnim ublažavanjem. Centralne banke javno najavljuju kupovinu državnog duga, ali vrlo malo ljudi razume šta to zapravo znači.
Euro, jen i svaka druga valuta koja se danas koristi funkcionišu slično kao američki dolar.
Da li će SAD ikada vratiti svoj nacionalni dug? Neobična stvar u vezi sa državnim dugom SAD-a je ta što vlada poseduje štampariju potrebnu za njegovu otplatu.
Kao rezultat toga, kada vlada duguje novac, oni samo pozajme još više novca da bi otplatile taj dug, povećavajući nacionalni dug.
Ako vam ovo zvuči kao Ponzijeva piramidalna šema, to je zato što ona to i jeste – najveća Ponzijeva šema u istoriji. Kao i svaka Ponzijeva šema, nastaviće se sve dok su ljudi koji kupuju Ponzijevu šemu budu uvereni da će im biti plaćeno nazad.
Ako ljudi i nacije prestanu da se zadužuju i koriste američke dolare jer nemaju poverenja u američku vladu ili vide da cena robe raste (tj. dolar postaje sve manje vredan), potražnja za dolarom će opadati, što će izazvati začaranu spiralu.
Ova spirala često završi u hiperinflaciji, kao što smo videli u novijoj istoriji sa Jugoslavijom, Venecuelom, Argentinom, Zimbabveom i mnogim drugim državama.
Ovo je način kako funkcioniše novac na vašem bankovnom računu. Novac svake nacije na svetu pati od istih problema kao i perle i novčanice u pričama o Njutoniji i Kejnslandu.
Kako banke i vlade kradu tvoj novac?
Tokom vekova, stigli smo do monetarnog sistema u kojem banke i vlade mogu da štampaju novu valutu za finansiranje svojih operacija i svojih prijatelja u zločinu, dok kradu bogatstvo svojih građana.
Šta će se desiti sa svetom kada novac bude mogao da štampa svaki narod na planeti?
- Bogatstvo onih koji su blizu pravljenja nove valute se povećava
- Vlada i politički povlašćena klasa ljudi, imaju pristup novoštampanom novcu pre svih ostalih, pa mogu da ga potroše pre nego što cene porastu. Na ovaj efekat pokazao je ekonomista Richard Cantillon sredinom 1700-ih i poznat je kao Cantillonov Efekat.
- Cena robe raste (poznato kao inflacija)
- Ne raste sve roba istovremeno u ceni. Roba blizu mesta gde se proizvodi nova valuta – finansijski sektor i vlada – prva raste, i odatle uzrokuje efekt talasa na cene.
- Inflacija se često predstavlja kao promena cene potrošačke korpe, poznata kao Indeks Potrošačkih Cena, eng. Consumer Price Index (CPI). Vlada ima alate za manipulisanje ovim brojem kako bi osigurala da se ona čini niskom i stabilnom, kao što je objašnjeno u našem članku o inflaciji.
- Finansijska imovina često primećuje ogromnu inflaciju, ali bankari to ne nazivaju inflacijom – oni kažu da naša ekonomija cveta! Nakon što su američke Federalne rezerve učetvorostručile ponudu američkih dolara u šest godina nakon finansijske krize 2008. godine, banke koje su dobile te nove dolare, kupile su akcije i obveznice, stvarajući ogroman balon u cenama ove imovine.
- Štednja i životni standard stanovništva se smanjuju
- Plate su jedna od poslednjih “cena” u ekonomiji koja se prilagođava, jer se često povećavaju samo jednom godišnje. U međuvremenu, cene dnevnih potrepština te osobe koja zaradjuje platu neprestano rastu kako novi novac kruži ekonomijom.
- Najviše su pogođeni oni koji žive od plate do plate – a to je 70% Amerikanaca.
- Razlike u prihodima između bogatih i siromašnih se povećavaju, kao što se vidi na grafikonu ispod.
Koncentracija Dohotka na Vrhu Naglo je Porasla od 1970-ih (Udeo u ukupnom prihodu pre oporezivanja u domaćinstvima sa najvišim dohotkom (uključujući kapitalne dobitke), 1913-2018)
Zašto i dalje imamo isti monetarni sistem?
Ako ovaj sistem bogate još više obogaćuje, a siromašne još više osiromašuje, dovodeći do političke nestabilnosti, zašto ga onda ne bismo promenili?
Najveći razlog zašto se ništa ne menja je verovatno to što puno toga ne znamo o samom sistemu. Svi svakodnevno koristimo valute svojih vlada, ali većina nas ne razume kako sistem funkcioniše i šta on čini našim društvima.
Obrazovni sistem, mediji i finansijski stručnjaci neprestano nam govore da je monetarni sistem previše komplikovan da bi ga normalni ljudi razumeli. Mnogi od nas se zato i ne trude da pokušaju.
Još nekoliko razloga zašto ovaj sistem nastavlja da opstaje:
- Mnogo je ljudi koji imaju direktnu korist od štampanja novog novca.
- Ti ljudi ne žele nikakve promene i bore se da zadrže tu moć.
- Nacionalne valute su često pogodne
- Kreditne kartice, online bankarstvo i još mnogo toga čine upravljanje nacionalnim valutama i njihovo trošenje lakim i jednostavnim.
- Građani moraju da plaćaju porez u svojoj nacionalnoj valuti
- To stvara potražnju za tom valutom od svih građana, povećavajući njenu vrednost.
- Glavna međunarodna tržišta, poput nafte, denominirana su u dolarima.
- Nafta je potrebna svakoj zemlji na planeti, ali pošto mnogi ne mogu da je proizvode, moraju da je kupuju na međunarodnim berzama. Od 1970-ih na ovim berzama gotovo sva nafta se prodaje za dolare, što stvara potražnju za dolarima. Da bi se odmaknule od ovog sistema, zemlje bi trebale da pronađu novu valutu ili robu za trgovinu naftom, što zahteva vreme i rizike.
- Nije postojala dobra alternativa
- Uz globalnu ekonomiju u realnom vremenu, naš sistem digitalnog bankarstva koji koristi nacionalne valute je pogodan. Transakcija u tvrdom novcu poput zlata bila bi previše nezgrapna za današnji svet. Digitalna valuta pod nazivom Bitcoin, predstavljena 2009. godine, je rastuća alternativa koja nudi čvrst novac koji se kreće brzinom interneta.
Šta je novac, i zašto trebate da brinete?
Novac je alat koji olakšava razmenu dobara. Kao i svako drugo dobro, novac se pridržava zakona ponude i potražnje – povećanje potražnje povećaće njegovu vrednost, a povećanje ponude smanjiće njegovu vrednost.
Na ovaj način novac se ne razlikuje od kuće ili piletine. Međutim, velika prodajnost novca znači da je potražnja za njim uvek velika. Kao rezultat, novac mora biti težak za proizvodnju (a samim tim i ograničen u ponudi) ili će ga onaj ko ga može napraviti, stvoriti toliko, da vremenom više neće služiti kao zaliha vrednosti. Uskoro će izgubiti svoje funkcije kao sredstvo razmene i obračunske jedinice.
Najbolji novac u datoj ekonomiji je onaj koji se najslobodnije kreće – svi ga žele, lako je obaviti transakcije sa njim i koji sa vremenom dobro drži svoju vrednost. Nijedan novac nije savršen u svemu ovome, a neki ističu jednu funkciju novca na štetu drugih.
Iako se istorija ne ponavlja, ona se rimuje, a usponi i padovi monetarnih sistema imaju jasne ritmove. Uspon i pad monetarnog sistema često sledi opšti obrazac koji smo videli u pričama o agri perlama i Kejnslandu: pojavljuje se odredjenji oblik novca koji pomaže ljudima da efikasnije trguju i štede, ali na kraju gubi na vrednosti kada neko shvati kako da ga jeftino stvori u velikoj količini. Međutim, tokom dugog perioda vremena, monetarni sistemi su se poboljšali u sve tri funkcije novca.
Na primer, zlato je tokom vremena dobro služilo kao zaliha vrednosti. Međutim, naša međusobno povezana ekonomija ne bi mogla efikasno da funkcioniše ako bi trebalo da fizičko zlato zamenimo robom i uslugama. Mnogo je lakše kretati se na papirnom i digitalnom novcu, ali istorija nam govori da su vlade i bankari iskoristili ove oblike novca za krađu bogatstva putem inflacije.
Današnji globalni monetarni sistem je vrlo zgodan, a digitalna plaćanja i kreditne kartice olakšavaju trošenje novca. Ovo skriva stalnu inflaciju koja nagriza vrednost svake jedinice novca i dovodi do sve većeg jaza u bogatstvu.
Nadam se da je ovaj članak proširio vaše razumevanje novca i njegove uloge u društvu. Ovo je samo početak svega što treba istražiti o novcu: za kasnije su sačuvane teme o inflaciji, kamatnim stopama, pozajmljivanju, poslovnim ciklusima i još mnogo toga.
Efikasnija Ušteda Novca
Možda se pitate kako zaštititi svoju štednju kada svaki oblik često korišćenog novca i investicija pati od inflacije ponude – koja umanjuje vrednost i prenosi bogatstvo onima koji mogu da stvore novac ili investiciju. Možda se čini da se ništa na planeti danas ne može kvalifikovati kao ‘težak’ novac, ali dve stvari ipak ostaju: zlato i njegov noviji rođak Bitcoin. Obe ove stvari je neverovatno teško proizvesti, a jedna od njih se kreće brzinom interneta i može se čuvati u vašem mozgu.
Ako želite da saznate više o Bitcoin-u kao sredstvu za zaštitu vaše ušteđevine, pročitajte ovde. Ako ste već spremni za kupovinu Bitcoin-a, pogledajte moj vodič za kupovinu Bitcoin-a. Možete početi sa investiranjem sa samo 5 ili 10 €.
Zasluge
Hvala svima koji su pomogli u izradi i uređivanju ove serije o novcu: @ck_SNARKS, @CryptoRothbard, Neil Woodfine, Emil Sandstedt, Taylor Pearson, Parker Lewis, Jason Choi, mojoj porodici i mnogim drugima.
Hvala svima koji su ovo inspirisali i razvili ključne ideje koje su ovde primenjene: Friedrich Hayek, Carl Menger, Ludwig Von Mises, Murray Rothbard, Saifedean Ammous, Dan Held, Pierre Rochard, Stephan Livera, Michael Goldstein, i mnogi drugi.
Molim vas da šerujete! Ako vam je ovaj članak otvorio oči o tome kako funkcioniše naš novac i finansijski sistem, kontaktirajte me ili ostavite komentar!
Ako vam se sviđa moj rad, molim vas da ga podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom. Cilj mi je da svima pružim pogled u ekonomiju i na to kako ona utiče na njihov život.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-03-01 10:39:35Ständige Lügen und Unterstellungen, permanent falsche Fürsorge \ können Bausteine von emotionaler Manipulation sein. Mit dem Zweck, \ Macht und Kontrolle über eine andere Person auszuüben. \ Apotheken Umschau
Irgendetwas muss passiert sein: «Gaslighting» ist gerade Thema in vielen Medien. Heute bin ich nach längerer Zeit mal wieder über dieses Stichwort gestolpert. Das war in einem Artikel von Norbert Häring über Manipulationen des Deutschen Wetterdienstes (DWD). In diesem Fall ging es um eine Pressemitteilung vom Donnerstag zum «viel zu warmen» Winter 2024/25.
Häring wirft der Behörde vor, dreist zu lügen und Dinge auszulassen, um die Klimaangst wach zu halten. Was der Leser beim DWD nicht erfahre, sei, dass dieser Winter kälter als die drei vorangegangenen und kälter als der Durchschnitt der letzten zehn Jahre gewesen sei. Stattdessen werde der falsche Eindruck vermittelt, es würde ungebremst immer wärmer.
Wem also der zu Ende gehende Winter eher kalt vorgekommen sein sollte, mit dessen Empfinden stimme wohl etwas nicht. Das jedenfalls wolle der DWD uns einreden, so der Wirtschaftsjournalist. Und damit sind wir beim Thema Gaslighting.
Als Gaslighting wird eine Form psychischer Manipulation bezeichnet, mit der die Opfer desorientiert und zutiefst verunsichert werden, indem ihre eigene Wahrnehmung als falsch bezeichnet wird. Der Prozess führt zu Angst und Realitätsverzerrung sowie zur Zerstörung des Selbstbewusstseins. Die Bezeichnung kommt von dem britischen Theaterstück «Gas Light» aus dem Jahr 1938, in dem ein Mann mit grausamen Psychotricks seine Frau in den Wahnsinn treibt.
Damit Gaslighting funktioniert, muss das Opfer dem Täter vertrauen. Oft wird solcher Psychoterror daher im privaten oder familiären Umfeld beschrieben, ebenso wie am Arbeitsplatz. Jedoch eignen sich die Prinzipien auch perfekt zur Manipulation der Massen. Vermeintliche Autoritäten wie Ärzte und Wissenschaftler, oder «der fürsorgliche Staat» und Institutionen wie die UNO oder die WHO wollen uns doch nichts Böses. Auch Staatsmedien, Faktenchecker und diverse NGOs wurden zu «vertrauenswürdigen Quellen» erklärt. Das hat seine Wirkung.
Warum das Thema Gaslighting derzeit scheinbar so populär ist, vermag ich nicht zu sagen. Es sind aber gerade in den letzten Tagen und Wochen auffällig viele Artikel dazu erschienen, und zwar nicht nur von Psychologen. Die Frankfurter Rundschau hat gleich mehrere publiziert, und Anwälte interessieren sich dafür offenbar genauso wie Apotheker.
Die Apotheken Umschau machte sogar auf «Medical Gaslighting» aufmerksam. Davon spreche man, wenn Mediziner Symptome nicht ernst nähmen oder wenn ein gesundheitliches Problem vom behandelnden Arzt «schnöde heruntergespielt» oder abgetan würde. Kommt Ihnen das auch irgendwie bekannt vor? Der Begriff sei allerdings irreführend, da er eine manipulierende Absicht unterstellt, die «nicht gewährleistet» sei.
Apropos Gaslighting: Die noch amtierende deutsche Bundesregierung meldete heute, es gelte, «weiter [sic!] gemeinsam daran zu arbeiten, einen gerechten und dauerhaften Frieden für die Ukraine zu erreichen». Die Ukraine, wo sich am Montag «der völkerrechtswidrige Angriffskrieg zum dritten Mal jährte», verteidige ihr Land und «unsere gemeinsamen Werte».
Merken Sie etwas? Das Demokratieverständnis mag ja tatsächlich inzwischen in beiden Ländern ähnlich traurig sein. Bezüglich Friedensbemühungen ist meine Wahrnehmung jedoch eine andere. Das muss an meinem Gedächtnis liegen.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-02-21 19:32:23Europa – das Ganze ist eine wunderbare Idee, \ aber das war der Kommunismus auch. \ Loriot
«Europa hat fertig», könnte man unken, und das wäre nicht einmal sehr verwegen. Mit solch einer Einschätzung stünden wir nicht alleine, denn die Stimmen in diese Richtung mehren sich. Der französische Präsident Emmanuel Macron warnte schon letztes Jahr davor, dass «unser Europa sterben könnte». Vermutlich hatte er dabei andere Gefahren im Kopf als jetzt der ungarische Ministerpräsident Viktor Orbán, der ein «baldiges Ende der EU» prognostizierte. Das Ergebnis könnte allerdings das gleiche sein.
Neben vordergründigen Themenbereichen wie Wirtschaft, Energie und Sicherheit ist das eigentliche Problem jedoch die obskure Mischung aus aufgegebener Souveränität und geschwollener Arroganz, mit der europäische Politiker:innende unterschiedlicher Couleur aufzutreten pflegen. Und das Tüpfelchen auf dem i ist die bröckelnde Legitimation politischer Institutionen dadurch, dass die Stimmen großer Teile der Bevölkerung seit Jahren auf vielfältige Weise ausgegrenzt werden.
Um «UnsereDemokratie» steht es schlecht. Dass seine Mandate immer schwächer werden, merkt natürlich auch unser «Führungspersonal». Entsprechend werden die Maßnahmen zur Gängelung, Überwachung und Manipulation der Bürger ständig verzweifelter. Parallel dazu plustern sich in Paris Macron, Scholz und einige andere noch einmal mächtig in Sachen Verteidigung und «Kriegstüchtigkeit» auf.
Momentan gilt es auch, das Überschwappen covidiotischer und verschwörungsideologischer Auswüchse aus den USA nach Europa zu vermeiden. So ein «MEGA» (Make Europe Great Again) können wir hier nicht gebrauchen. Aus den Vereinigten Staaten kommen nämlich furchtbare Nachrichten. Beispielsweise wurde einer der schärfsten Kritiker der Corona-Maßnahmen kürzlich zum Gesundheitsminister ernannt. Dieser setzt sich jetzt für eine Neubewertung der mRNA-«Impfstoffe» ein, was durchaus zu einem Entzug der Zulassungen führen könnte.
Der europäischen Version von «Verteidigung der Demokratie» setzte der US-Vizepräsident J. D. Vance auf der Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz sein Verständnis entgegen: «Demokratie stärken, indem wir unseren Bürgern erlauben, ihre Meinung zu sagen». Das Abschalten von Medien, das Annullieren von Wahlen oder das Ausschließen von Menschen vom politischen Prozess schütze gar nichts. Vielmehr sei dies der todsichere Weg, die Demokratie zu zerstören.
In der Schweiz kamen seine Worte deutlich besser an als in den meisten europäischen NATO-Ländern. Bundespräsidentin Karin Keller-Sutter lobte die Rede und interpretierte sie als «Plädoyer für die direkte Demokratie». Möglicherweise zeichne sich hier eine außenpolitische Kehrtwende in Richtung integraler Neutralität ab, meint mein Kollege Daniel Funk. Das wären doch endlich mal ein paar gute Nachrichten.
Von der einstigen Idee einer europäischen Union mit engeren Beziehungen zwischen den Staaten, um Konflikte zu vermeiden und das Wohlergehen der Bürger zu verbessern, sind wir meilenweit abgekommen. Der heutige korrupte Verbund unter technokratischer Leitung ähnelt mehr einem Selbstbedienungsladen mit sehr begrenztem Zugang. Die EU-Wahlen im letzten Sommer haben daran ebenso wenig geändert, wie die Bundestagswahl am kommenden Sonntag darauf einen Einfluss haben wird.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-12 21:38:36🚦Traffic Light Control System🚦
This Petri net represents a traffic control protocol ensuring that two traffic lights alternate safely and are never both green at the same time.
;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2
;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1
;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2
;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1
;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue
;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()Places & Transitions
- Places:
- greenLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is green.
- greenLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is green.
- redLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is red.
- redLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is red.
-
queue: Acts as a synchronization mechanism ensuring controlled alternation between the two traffic lights.
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system by placing tokens in greenLight1 and redLight2.
- toRed1: Moves a token from greenLight1 to redLight1, while placing a token in queue.
- toGreen2: Moves a token from redLight2 to greenLight2, requiring queue.
- toGreen1: Moves a token from queue and redLight1 to greenLight1.
- toRed2: Moves a token from greenLight2 to redLight2, placing a token back into queue.
- stop: Terminates the system by removing tokens from redLight1, queue, and redLight2, representing the system's end state.
petrinet ;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2 ;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1 ;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2 ;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1 ;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue ;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-02-19 09:23:17Die «moralische Weltordnung» – eine Art Astrologie. Friedrich Nietzsche
Das Treffen der BRICS-Staaten beim Gipfel im russischen Kasan war sicher nicht irgendein politisches Event. Gastgeber Wladimir Putin habe «Hof gehalten», sagen die Einen, China und Russland hätten ihre Vorstellung einer multipolaren Weltordnung zelebriert, schreiben Andere.
In jedem Fall zeigt die Anwesenheit von über 30 Delegationen aus der ganzen Welt, dass von einer geostrategischen Isolation Russlands wohl keine Rede sein kann. Darüber hinaus haben sowohl die Anreise von UN-Generalsekretär António Guterres als auch die Meldungen und Dementis bezüglich der Beitrittsbemühungen des NATO-Staats Türkei für etwas Aufsehen gesorgt.
Im Spannungsfeld geopolitischer und wirtschaftlicher Umbrüche zeigt die neue Allianz zunehmendes Selbstbewusstsein. In Sachen gemeinsamer Finanzpolitik schmiedet man interessante Pläne. Größere Unabhängigkeit von der US-dominierten Finanzordnung ist dabei ein wichtiges Ziel.
Beim BRICS-Wirtschaftsforum in Moskau, wenige Tage vor dem Gipfel, zählte ein nachhaltiges System für Finanzabrechnungen und Zahlungsdienste zu den vorrangigen Themen. Während dieses Treffens ging der russische Staatsfonds eine Partnerschaft mit dem Rechenzentrumsbetreiber BitRiver ein, um Bitcoin-Mining-Anlagen für die BRICS-Länder zu errichten.
Die Initiative könnte ein Schritt sein, Bitcoin und andere Kryptowährungen als Alternativen zu traditionellen Finanzsystemen zu etablieren. Das Projekt könnte dazu führen, dass die BRICS-Staaten den globalen Handel in Bitcoin abwickeln. Vor dem Hintergrund der Diskussionen über eine «BRICS-Währung» wäre dies eine Alternative zu dem ursprünglich angedachten Korb lokaler Währungen und zu goldgedeckten Währungen sowie eine mögliche Ergänzung zum Zahlungssystem BRICS Pay.
Dient der Bitcoin also der Entdollarisierung? Oder droht er inzwischen, zum Gegenstand geopolitischer Machtspielchen zu werden? Angesichts der globalen Vernetzungen ist es oft schwer zu durchschauen, «was eine Show ist und was im Hintergrund von anderen Strippenziehern insgeheim gesteuert wird». Sicher können Strukturen wie Bitcoin auch so genutzt werden, dass sie den Herrschenden dienlich sind. Aber die Grundeigenschaft des dezentralisierten, unzensierbaren Peer-to-Peer Zahlungsnetzwerks ist ihm schließlich nicht zu nehmen.
Wenn es nach der EZB oder dem IWF geht, dann scheint statt Instrumentalisierung momentan eher der Kampf gegen Kryptowährungen angesagt. Jürgen Schaaf, Senior Manager bei der Europäischen Zentralbank, hat jedenfalls dazu aufgerufen, Bitcoin «zu eliminieren». Der Internationale Währungsfonds forderte El Salvador, das Bitcoin 2021 als gesetzliches Zahlungsmittel eingeführt hat, kürzlich zu begrenzenden Maßnahmen gegen das Kryptogeld auf.
Dass die BRICS-Staaten ein freiheitliches Ansinnen im Kopf haben, wenn sie Kryptowährungen ins Spiel bringen, darf indes auch bezweifelt werden. Im Abschlussdokument bekennen sich die Gipfel-Teilnehmer ausdrücklich zur UN, ihren Programmen und ihrer «Agenda 2030». Ernst Wolff nennt das «eine Bankrotterklärung korrupter Politiker, die sich dem digital-finanziellen Komplex zu 100 Prozent unterwerfen».
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-02-15 19:05:38Auf der diesjährigen Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz geht es vor allem um die Ukraine. Protagonisten sind dabei zunächst die US-Amerikaner. Präsident Trump schockierte die Europäer kurz vorher durch ein Telefonat mit seinem Amtskollegen Wladimir Putin, während Vizepräsident Vance mit seiner Rede über Demokratie und Meinungsfreiheit für versteinerte Mienen und Empörung sorgte.
Die Bemühungen der Europäer um einen Frieden in der Ukraine halten sich, gelinde gesagt, in Grenzen. Größeres Augenmerk wird auf militärische Unterstützung, die Pflege von Feindbildern sowie Eskalation gelegt. Der deutsche Bundeskanzler Scholz reagierte auf die angekündigten Verhandlungen über einen möglichen Frieden für die Ukraine mit der Forderung nach noch höheren «Verteidigungsausgaben». Auch die amtierende Außenministerin Baerbock hatte vor der Münchner Konferenz klargestellt:
«Frieden wird es nur durch Stärke geben. (...) Bei Corona haben wir gesehen, zu was Europa fähig ist. Es braucht erneut Investitionen, die der historischen Wegmarke, vor der wir stehen, angemessen sind.»
Die Rüstungsindustrie freut sich in jedem Fall über weltweit steigende Militärausgaben. Die Kriege in der Ukraine und in Gaza tragen zu Rekordeinnahmen bei. Jetzt «winkt die Aussicht auf eine jahrelange große Nachrüstung in Europa», auch wenn der Ukraine-Krieg enden sollte, so hört man aus Finanzkreisen. In der Konsequenz kennt «die Aktie des deutschen Vorzeige-Rüstungskonzerns Rheinmetall in ihrem Anstieg offenbar gar keine Grenzen mehr». «Solche Friedensversprechen» wie das jetzige hätten in der Vergangenheit zu starken Kursverlusten geführt.
Für manche Leute sind Kriegswaffen und sonstige Rüstungsgüter Waren wie alle anderen, jedenfalls aus der Perspektive von Investoren oder Managern. Auch in diesem Bereich gibt es Startups und man spricht von Dingen wie innovativen Herangehensweisen, hocheffizienten Produktionsanlagen, skalierbaren Produktionstechniken und geringeren Stückkosten.
Wir lesen aktuell von Massenproduktion und gesteigerten Fertigungskapazitäten für Kriegsgerät. Der Motor solcher Dynamik und solchen Wachstums ist die Aufrüstung, die inzwischen permanent gefordert wird. Parallel wird die Bevölkerung verbal eingestimmt und auf Kriegstüchtigkeit getrimmt.
Das Rüstungs- und KI-Startup Helsing verkündete kürzlich eine «dezentrale Massenproduktion für den Ukrainekrieg». Mit dieser Expansion positioniere sich das Münchner Unternehmen als einer der weltweit führenden Hersteller von Kampfdrohnen. Der nächste «Meilenstein» steht auch bereits an: Man will eine Satellitenflotte im Weltraum aufbauen, zur Überwachung von Gefechtsfeldern und Truppenbewegungen.
Ebenfalls aus München stammt das als DefenseTech-Startup bezeichnete Unternehmen ARX Robotics. Kürzlich habe man in der Region die größte europäische Produktionsstätte für autonome Verteidigungssysteme eröffnet. Damit fahre man die Produktion von Militär-Robotern hoch. Diese Expansion diene auch der Lieferung der «größten Flotte unbemannter Bodensysteme westlicher Bauart» in die Ukraine.
Rüstung boomt und scheint ein Zukunftsmarkt zu sein. Die Hersteller und Vermarkter betonen, mit ihren Aktivitäten und Produkten solle die europäische Verteidigungsfähigkeit erhöht werden. Ihre Strategien sollten sogar «zum Schutz demokratischer Strukturen beitragen».
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-12 21:19:53🚦Traffic Light Control System🚦
This Petri net represents a traffic control protocol ensuring that two traffic lights alternate safely and are never both green at the same time.
;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2
;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1
;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2
;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1
;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue
;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()Places & Transitions
- Places:
- greenLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is green.
- greenLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is green.
- redLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is red.
- redLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is red.
-
queue: Acts as a synchronization mechanism ensuring controlled alternation between the two traffic lights.
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system by placing tokens in greenLight1 and redLight2.
- toRed1: Moves a token from greenLight1 to redLight1, while placing a token in queue.
- toGreen2: Moves a token from redLight2 to greenLight2, requiring queue.
- toGreen1: Moves a token from queue and redLight1 to greenLight1.
- toRed2: Moves a token from greenLight2 to redLight2, placing a token back into queue.
- stop: Terminates the system by removing tokens from redLight1, queue, and redLight2, representing the system's end state.
petrinet ;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2 ;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1 ;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2 ;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1 ;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue ;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()
-
@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-12 21:19:41🚦Traffic Light Control System🚦
This Petri net represents a traffic control protocol ensuring that two traffic lights alternate safely and are never both green at the same time.
;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2
;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1
;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2
;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1
;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue
;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()Places & Transitions
- Places:
- greenLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is green.
- greenLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is green.
- redLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is red.
- redLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is red.
-
queue: Acts as a synchronization mechanism ensuring controlled alternation between the two traffic lights.
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system by placing tokens in greenLight1 and redLight2.
- toRed1: Moves a token from greenLight1 to redLight1, while placing a token in queue.
- toGreen2: Moves a token from redLight2 to greenLight2, requiring queue.
- toGreen1: Moves a token from queue and redLight1 to greenLight1.
- toRed2: Moves a token from greenLight2 to redLight2, placing a token back into queue.
- stop: Terminates the system by removing tokens from redLight1, queue, and redLight2, representing the system's end state.
petrinet ;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2 ;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1 ;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2 ;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1 ;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue ;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-02-07 19:42:11Nur wenn wir aufeinander zugehen, haben wir die Chance \ auf Überwindung der gegenseitigen Ressentiments! \ Dr. med. dent. Jens Knipphals
In Wolfsburg sollte es kürzlich eine Gesprächsrunde von Kritikern der Corona-Politik mit Oberbürgermeister Dennis Weilmann und Vertretern der Stadtverwaltung geben. Der Zahnarzt und langjährige Maßnahmenkritiker Jens Knipphals hatte diese Einladung ins Rathaus erwirkt und publiziert. Seine Motivation:
«Ich möchte die Spaltung der Gesellschaft überwinden. Dazu ist eine umfassende Aufarbeitung der Corona-Krise in der Öffentlichkeit notwendig.»
Schon früher hatte Knipphals Antworten von den Kommunalpolitikern verlangt, zum Beispiel bei öffentlichen Bürgerfragestunden. Für das erwartete Treffen im Rathaus formulierte er Fragen wie: Warum wurden fachliche Argumente der Kritiker ignoriert? Weshalb wurde deren Ausgrenzung, Diskreditierung und Entmenschlichung nicht entgegengetreten? In welcher Form übernehmen Rat und Verwaltung in Wolfsburg persönlich Verantwortung für die erheblichen Folgen der politischen Corona-Krise?
Der Termin fand allerdings nicht statt – der Bürgermeister sagte ihn kurz vorher wieder ab. Knipphals bezeichnete Weilmann anschließend als Wiederholungstäter, da das Stadtoberhaupt bereits 2022 zu einem Runden Tisch in der Sache eingeladen hatte, den es dann nie gab. Gegenüber Multipolar erklärte der Arzt, Weilmann wolle scheinbar eine öffentliche Aufarbeitung mit allen Mitteln verhindern. Er selbst sei «inzwischen absolut desillusioniert» und die einzige Lösung sei, dass die Verantwortlichen gingen.
Die Aufarbeitung der Plandemie beginne bei jedem von uns selbst, sei aber letztlich eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe, schreibt Peter Frey, der den «Fall Wolfsburg» auch in seinem Blog behandelt. Diese Aufgabe sei indes deutlich größer, als viele glaubten. Erfreulicherweise sei der öffentliche Informationsraum inzwischen größer, trotz der weiterhin unverfrorenen Desinformations-Kampagnen der etablierten Massenmedien.
Frey erinnert daran, dass Dennis Weilmann mitverantwortlich für gravierende Grundrechtseinschränkungen wie die 2021 eingeführten 2G-Regeln in der Wolfsburger Innenstadt zeichnet. Es sei naiv anzunehmen, dass ein Funktionär einzig im Interesse der Bürger handeln würde. Als früherer Dezernent des Amtes für Wirtschaft, Digitalisierung und Kultur der Autostadt kenne Weilmann zum Beispiel die Verknüpfung von Fördergeldern mit politischen Zielsetzungen gut.
Wolfsburg wurde damals zu einem Modellprojekt des Bundesministeriums des Innern (BMI) und war Finalist im Bitkom-Wettbewerb «Digitale Stadt». So habe rechtzeitig vor der Plandemie das Projekt «Smart City Wolfsburg» anlaufen können, das der Stadt «eine Vorreiterrolle für umfassende Vernetzung und Datenerfassung» aufgetragen habe, sagt Frey. Die Vereinten Nationen verkauften dann derartige «intelligente» Überwachungs- und Kontrollmaßnahmen ebenso als Rettung in der Not wie das Magazin Forbes im April 2020:
«Intelligente Städte können uns helfen, die Coronavirus-Pandemie zu bekämpfen. In einer wachsenden Zahl von Ländern tun die intelligenten Städte genau das. Regierungen und lokale Behörden nutzen Smart-City-Technologien, Sensoren und Daten, um die Kontakte von Menschen aufzuspüren, die mit dem Coronavirus infiziert sind. Gleichzeitig helfen die Smart Cities auch dabei, festzustellen, ob die Regeln der sozialen Distanzierung eingehalten werden.»
Offensichtlich gibt es viele Aspekte zu bedenken und zu durchleuten, wenn es um die Aufklärung und Aufarbeitung der sogenannten «Corona-Pandemie» und der verordneten Maßnahmen geht. Frustration und Desillusion sind angesichts der Realitäten absolut verständlich. Gerade deswegen sind Initiativen wie die von Jens Knipphals so bewundernswert und so wichtig – ebenso wie eine seiner Kernthesen: «Wir müssen aufeinander zugehen, da hilft alles nichts».
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:09:04► Documentaries
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- ⭐ Coursera - Courses / Financial Aid / Downloader
- ⭐ edX - Courses / Downloader
- ⭐ MitOpenCourseWare - Courses
- ⭐ Khan Academy - Courses / Downloader / Solver
- ⭐ Class Central - Search for Courses
- CourseBuffet or Course CSE - Multi-Site Course Search
- Git.ir - Courses
- OpenLearn - Courses
- Alison - Courses
- EbookFoundation Courses - Courses
- OpenCulture - Courses
- DigitalGarage - Google Courses
- OpenHPI - Courses
- OLI - Courses
- LearnOutLoud - Documentaries / Courses
- Video Lectures - Lectures
- Gresham College - Lectures / YouTube
- Crash Course - Topic Crash Courses
▷ Downloading
- Note - Use redirect bypassers to skip annoying link shorteners.
- 🌐 Free-Courses-For-Everyone - Course Site Index
- ↪️ Course Megadrives
- ⭐ TutFlix - Courses / Drives / Sign-Up Opens Fridays
- ⭐ HackNation - Courses
- ⭐ tut4dl - Courses
- ⭐ Course Busters - Course Busters Access
- Revival - Courses
- FreeEducationWeb - Courses
- OneHack - Courses / Telegram
- FreeCourseSite, 2 - Courses
- technet24 - Courses
- AfraTafreeh - Courses
- learningDL - Courses / Leech Required
- LinkedIn_Learning - LinkedIn Courses
- CertCommunity - IT Cert Courses
- firerip - Fireship.io Course Downloader
▷ Torrenting
- Note - Remember to get a VPN before torrenting.
- Course Club - Courses
- FreeCourseSite - Courses
- Docspedia - Courses / Sign-Up Required
► Learning Sites
- 🌐 Learn Anything - Learning Resource Search / Free Method
- 🌐 Wakelet - Learning Resources
- 🌐 WISC - Learning Resources
- 🌐 OpenCulture - Learning Resources
- 🌐 OSSU - Learning Resources / Discord
- 🌐 The Free Learning List - Learning Resources
- 🌐 Awesome Educational Games - Educational Games Index
- 🌐 IQ Tests - IQ Test Sites / Accuracy Ratings
- ↪️ Ebook Sites
- ↪️ Survival / Prepping
- ↪️ Science News
- ⭐ /r/coolguides or coolguid.es - Guides & Tutorials
- ⭐ /r/educationalgifs - Learn with GIFs
- ⭐ /r/explainlikeimfive - Have Anything Explained Very Simply
- ⭐ The Punctuation Guide - Punctuation Guide
- media.ccc.de - Educational Presentations
- Ted Talks - Inspiring and Educational Talks
- Stack Exchange or Quetre - Q&A Communities
- ISODN - International Science Olympiads Discord Community
- Learn About - Google's Educational Search AI
- AFAIK - Learning Map / Discord
- Open Educational Resources - How to Search for Open Educational Resources
- AnimaGraffs - Animated Infographs
- Memory Toys, Dual N-Back or BrainScale - Memory Tests / Training
- Information Is Beautiful or HalcyonMaps - Data / Information / Infographics / Visualizations
- HowStuffWorks or CoolMindMaps - Learn How Things Work
- Common Misconceptions - Common Misconception Index
- masterWiki - MasterClass Classes Republished as wikiHow Articles
- LitCharts - Literature Guides
- Appropedia - Sustainability Wiki
- British & Exotic Mineralogy - Mineralogy Database
- AirVectors or PlaneSpotters - Aircraft Indexes / Images
- ShipSpotting - Ship Index / Images
- HerbologyY - Herbology / Telegram
- Alchemy Forums - Alchemy Forum
- P2PU - Join Learning Groups Using Free Courses
▷ Skills / Hobbies
- ↪️ Typing Tests / Games
- Rookie Road - Sport Guides
- Make it Yourself - 1000 DIY Projects / Video
- Animated Knots or NetKnots - Learn to Tie Knots
- Ian's Shoelace Site - Learn to Tie Shoelaces
- Perry Morse, Morse Typing Trainer or ICWO - Learn / Practice Morse Code
- Lock Picking 101 - Lock Picking Forum
- LibraryOfJuggling - Juggling Technique Database
- diyhpluswiki - DIY Biohacking
- BeatBlackjack - Learn Blackjack Card Counting
- Excel Practice Online - Excel Practice / Guides
- ActivistHandbook - Campaigning / Activism Guides
- Bridge Command - Bridge Command Ship Simulator
- HypnosisChatBooks - Hypnosis / Telegram
- Erowid - Psychoactive Information
- PsychonautWiki - Psychonautics Wiki
- Shroomery - Magic Mushroom Forum
▷ Interactive Learning
- ⭐ PhET, Cognito, Academo - Interactive Lessons
- Explorabl.es, MinuteLabs, Wikiversity or Learnamic - Quizzes / Guides / Games
- LabXchange, JavaLab or EduMedia - Interactive Science Simulations
- Matthen - Math & Science Animations
▷ History
- ↪️ History Books
- ↪️ Historical Maps - Map Resources
- ⭐ Historic Films or National Film Preservation Foundation - Historic Footage / Films
- ⭐ Histography or Oldest - History Timelines
- ⭐ MorbidKuriosity - Dark History, Conspiracies, Crime, Myths, etc.
- HistoryMaps - Learn History Visually
- Smithsonian Institution Archives or RareHistoricalPhotos - Historical Photos / Documents
- Imperial War Museums - Historic War Footage
- Museo - Museum Search
- Wonderous - Learn About Ancient Structures
- Shorpy - Historical Photos
- EyewitnesstoHistory - Historical Eyewitness Testimonies
- ManuscriptMiniatures - Medieval Manuscript Images
- BlackPast - African History Encyclopedia
- Athena - Greek History Encyclopedia
- Mission US - American History Learning Games
- OnThisDay or Curiosity Of The Day - What Happened on Specific Days
- Royal Constellations - Royal Family Ancestral Visualization
- Sciphilos or Calculating Empires - Historical Discovery Timelines
- ETHW - Engineering and Technology History Wiki
- Royal Armouries Collections - Ancient Armaments Museum
- NuclearWeaponArchive - Nuclear Weapons History
- 911 Realtime - 9/11 in Real-Time
- The Food Timeline - Food History Timeline
- Historical Recipes - Historical Recipes Site Index
- Arachne - Ancient Sculpture Image Archive
- SmartHistory - Art / Cultural Object History
- CARI - Design Aesthetics History
- ChinesePosters - Chinese Propaganda Poster History
- Historical Fashion - Historical Fashion Resources / History
- PessimistsArchive - Historical Technological Pessimism Archive
- Time Portal - History Clip Guessing
▷ Mythology / Folklore
- ABookOfCreatures, Demons of the Deep or Bestiary - Mythological Encyclopedias
- GodChecker - Religion / Mythology History
- ObscUrban Legend Wiki - Mythology / Urban Legends
- Encyclopedia Mythica - Mythology / Folklore / Religion
- Mythology.net - Mythology / Religion
- Japanese Mythology or Yokai - Japanese Mythology / Folklore
▷ Philosophy
- ⭐ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, IEP or nLab Philosophy - Philosophy Encyclopedias / Search
- Philosophy Bro, Reasoned, TheDailyIdea or PhilosophyBasics - Philosophy Resources / Learning
- Wireless Philosophy - Philosophy Videos
- Untools - Better Thinking Tools
- Brainkit - Learn Helpful Principles
- Art of Manliness - Develop Life Skills
- VisualizeValue - Life Lesson Visualizations
- Sketchplanations - Explanation Sketches
- IEoP, YouLogicalFallacyIs, FallacyFiles or LogicalFallacies - Learn about Logical Fallacies
- YourBias.is - Learn about Biases
- Advanced Logic Calculators
- Kialo - Debates / Discussion
- WikEnigma - 'Known Unknowns' Wiki
- The Trolley Problem Game - The Trolley Problem
- Social Engineers - Social Engineering Guides
▷ Music
- 🌐 Music Education Masterlist
- 🌐 Awesome Music Theory - Music Theory Resources
- 🌐 Music Outfitters - Music Services / Information
- ↪️ Sheet Music / Notation
- ⭐ Muted, Open Music Theory / 2, Chromatone, Teoria, SimplifyingTheory, LightNote or Music Theory - Music Theory
- AudioZ - Audio Courses / Forum
- Helio / GitHub or NoteHeads - Music Composition Tools
- MusicKit or Tone Generator - Metronome, Tuner & Tone Generators
- Tuner Ninja - Instrument Tuner
- Circle of Fifths - Visualize Notes, Cords and Keys
- ScoreCloud, ChordReader2 or Chordify - Chord Detection / Transcriber
- Arpeggiator, Chordi or AutoChords - Chord Progression Generators
- HookTheory - Chord Progression Library
- Piano Scribe - Piano Transcriber
- LilyPond - Music Engraving Program
- Learning Music or Musica - Music-Making Lessons
- Midiano / Discord, Piano Trainer, Chord Nebula, sightread or PianoCheetah - Piano Practice / Learning
- Keyboard Connect - Keyboard Tutoring App
- TrueToneGuitar, Songsterr / Premium, FAChords or ChordBook - Guitar Tools
- FretFlip, Oolimo, StringScales, My Fretboard Trainer or GuitarScale - Learn Guitar Scales / Chords
- JamStart - Spotify Chord Charts
- #fretflip - Create / Print Guitar Scales & Chord Charts
- JustinGuitar or Guitarsix - Guitar Lessons
- Ultimate Guitar - Guitar Tabs
- Chorder - Guitar Chord Finder
- Guitar Fretboard, Fretastic or Gitori - Virtual Fretboards / Guitar Lessons
- coop3rdrumm3r or FreeDrumLessons - Drum Lessons
- 911tabs or Finger Tabs - Tabs
- Jazz Improvisor - Improvised Jazz
- LearningSynths - Synthesizers
- Sight Singing Factory - Sight Singing Practice
- A-Complete-UTAU-Tutorial-For-Beginners - UTAU Tutorial
- PerfectPitch - Pitch Recognition Practice
- MusicStaff - Music Teacher Search
- ChiffAndFipple - Irish Traditional Music Forum
- MIMO - Musical Instrument Database
- VGM Sound Sources - VGM Sound Sources / Discord
▷ Art / Editing
- 🌐 Creator Resources - Art & Animation Resource Index
- 🌐 AwesomeAnimeResearch - Anime Machine Learning
- ↪️ Digital Art Collections
- ⭐ Art Study Guide - Art Study Guides / Tips
- ⭐ Drawabox, Croquis Cafe, Drawing Starter Pack Playlist, FarsiTuts or Bill Martin's Guide to Drawing - Drawing Lessons
- ⭐ Proko - Figure Drawing Lessons
- ⭐ PaintingTube, MarcoBucci, Alphonso Dunn, Feng Zhu FZD, Art Fundamentals or Circle Line Art - Art Video Tutorials
- online-courses - Art / Design Courses
- TutsPlus - Creative Courses
- Curriculum for the Solo Artists - Self-Taught Artist Curriculum / PDF Version / Gallery Version, 2
- DoArtDaily - Daily Art Challenges
- Character Design References - Character Design Visual Library
- FloobyNooby, Let's Learn Storyboarding, JMMStoryboardTips or A Guide to Storyboards - Storyboard Guides
- MangaMaterials / X, animesijyuku or DoKiDoKiDrawing - Manga Video Tutorials / Pixiv
- Settei Dreams - Anime Production Materials
- Anime Study General - Anime Production Community
- McLelun - Anime Style Background Tutorial
- AnimeOutline - Anime / Manga Drawing Tutorials
- Design Tuts - Design Tutorials
- PhotoshopTutorials.ws - Photoshop Tutorials
- DomDesigns - Illustrator Tutorials
- PhotoshopTraining, Phlearn or PiXimperfect - Photoshop YouTube Tutorials
- The Book of Shaders - Fragment Shaders Guide
- The Bézier Game - Pen Tool Practice
- ArtWithFlo - Procreate Tutorials
- Paintable - Digital Art Tutorials
- Pedro's Pixel Art Tutorials or SLYNYRD - Pixel Art Tutorials
- MetPublications - Art Learning Books
- GraphicsCodex - 3D Computer Graphic Guides
- DrawingNow - Learn to Draw
- Drawingbooks.org - Old Drawing Books
- Line of Action, Timed Figure Poses, LoveLifeDrawing or Daily Life Drawing Sessions - Figure Sketch Tools / Lessons
- Artist Reference - Photo References for Artists
- Reference Angle - Human Photo Reference Search
- x6ud - Animal Photo Reference Search
- Thomas Romain Perspective - Perspective Guide
- Dimensions - Object Dimension Reference
- The Dimensions Of Colour - Colour Theory Guide
- DevinKorwin Color Guide - Color in Paintings Guide
- Draw Mix Paint - Learn Oil Painting
- Painting Demos - Painting Demonstrations
- CG_Hacker, cg_tuts or cgreferenceshub - CG Tutorials
- Agora - Animation Learning Community / Tutorials / Discord
- AMV101 - Animated Music Video-Making Guides
▷ Geography / Sociology
- 🌐 Awesome Datasets - Public Datasets
- 🌐 Country Infographics - Country Infographic Images
- ↪️ Historical / Modern Maps - Map Resources
- ⭐ Worldometer, TheScaleOfLife, WorldBank, US Census, DataUSA, Ozymandias, Data.gov or UN Data - World Data & Statistics
- ⭐ Our World in Data - World Problem Database
- ⭐ The Atlas of Economic Complexity - Global Economic Growth Data
- ⭐ Soar - Digital Atlas
- Maps.com - Interesting / Educational Maps
- LizardPoint, Worldle, Learn World Map, Seterra or Teuteuf - Geography Guessing / Quizzes
- AntipodesMap - Find Antipodes
- The True Size or True Size of Countries - Compare Country Size
- NationsEncyclopedia - Location / Population Data
- City Data - US City Data
- Data Commons - Data Visualizations
- Global Consciousness Project - Real-Time Global Consciousness Data
- If It Were My Home, GlobalEdge or MyLifeElsewhere - Country Data Comparisons
- WorldPoverty - World Poverty Data
- Dollar Street - Compare Homes by Country / Income
- Unequal Scenes - Scenes of Inequality Around the World
- EverySecond - Visualize Per Second Data
- OEC or UN Comtrade - Global Trade Data
- Statista - Market Statistics
- Netblocks - Find Impact of Internet Shutdown on Economy
- Rulers.org - World Heads Of State & Government Database
- World Births and Deaths - World Birth / Death Rates Visualization
- DataUNODC - Drug / Crime Statistics
- Gun Violence Archive - Gun Violence Statistics
- Incarceration in Real Numbers - Incarceration Visualization / Facts
- Expatistan - Cost of Living Calculator
- Climate Data or Climate Explorer - Climate Change Data
- ExtremeWeatherWatch - Extreme Weather Data / Tracking
- En-ROADS - Climate Solutions Simulator
- Global Volcanism Program - Volcano Information Database
- 8000ers - Mountain Visualization & Info
- iCivics - U.S. Law Learning Games
- WorldLicensePlates - World License Plate Index
- Symbols - Symbol Database
- Flag Guesser or Flag Match - Flag Quizzes
- FlagLog or Flaglookup - Flag Databases
- Flag Stories - Flag Design Breakdowns
- Hate on Display - Hate Symbol Database
▷ Chess
- 🌐 Awesome Chess, Chess Domi or Chess Resources - Chess Resources
- 🌐 /m/Chess or /r/Chess - Chess Subreddits
- 🌐 /r/Chess Books - Recommended Chess Books
- ⭐ Scid vs. PC - Learn / Practice Chess
- ChessGames - Chess Database / Community
- ChessLab - Chess Lessons / Discord
- List Study - Chess Lessons
- Chessable - Chess Lessons
- TheChessWebsite - Learn / Practice Chess
- HerculesChess - Learn / Practice Chess
- Chess Tempo - Chess Practice
- Lucas Chess - Chess Practice
- Chess Coach - Chess Coaching App
- Chessercise - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- Game Report - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- Decode Chess - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- YottaChess - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- En Croissant - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- Chess Vision - Chess Game / Move Analysis
- OpeningTree - Download / Visualize Chess Games
- Chess Monitor - Track Chess Analytics
- 2700chess - Live Chess Player Ratings
- Bill Wall's Chess Page or 365Chess - Chess History / Lessons
- ChessVariants - 1000+ Chess Variants + Guides
▷ Quote Indexes
▷ Virtual Tours
- 🌐 Virtual Museum Resources - Online Museums
- ⭐ CityHop, Travel Remotely, Walk with Feel, Outside Simulator, Japan Walkaround, CityWalks, Citywalki or Virtual Vacations - Travel Simulators
- Gez.la - Virtual Tours Map
- Wiki Spaces - Virtual Tours
- NaturalHistory - Natural History Museum Virtual Tour
- Digital Giza - Great Pyramid Virtual Tours
- Persepolis Reimagined - Explore Persepolis Recreation
- BelowTheSurface - Archeological Object DB of Amsterdam
- WW2 in 100 Objects - WW2 Museum Virtual Tour
- Spitfire Panorama - Spitfire Mark IX Cockpit Interactve Panorama
- Virtual Vist Tours - Ireland Virtual Tours
- Matterport - Explore Real Places Digitally
- Basilica Viewer - St. Peter’s Basilica Tour
- 360Cities, Zhijianshang or Airpano - 360 Images / Videos
- Smithsonian 3D - Smithsonian 3D Digitization Museum
- The Bayeux Tapestry - Bayeux Tapestry 3D Digitization
► Science / Math
▷ Physics
- 🌐 Physics Saviary or Falstad - Physics Tools
- ↪️ Math and Physics Books
- ⭐ phys - Physics News / Articles
- ⭐ The Feynman Lectures - Physics Lectures
- ⭐ Bartosz Ciechanowski, Isaac Physics, PhysicsClassroom, HyperPhysics, MotionMountain or Splung - Physics Lessons / Learning
- ⭐ Physics Simulations, Mujoco, Physics Animations, oPhysics or MyPhysicsLab - Physics Simulations / Animations
- TIB AV-Portal - Science Videos
- PhysicsTravelGuide - Physics Explanations
- nLab Physics - Physics Encyclopedia
- Algodoo - Interactive Physics Tool
- QPaths - Learn Basic Quantum Terms
- quantum - Quantum Physics Learning App
- Physics Forums - Physics / Science Forum
- Physics Olympiads - ISODN Physics Discord Community
- Quantum Web Directory - Science / Tech / Math / Physics
- Virtual-Lab - Interactive Quantum Computing Lessons
- Interactive 4D Handbook - Interactive Fourth Dimension
- Ray Optics Simulation - Light Reflection / Refraction Simulator
- Compare Pendulum or DoublePendulum - Pendulum Simulators
- OpenFoam, PC Progress, Fluid Simulation WebGL, WebGL Fluid Experiment or Sim Flow - Fluid Dynamics Simulators
- SimScale or CFDTool - Fluid Dynamics & Heat Transfer
- Bouncy Balls or Balls Simulation - Ball Physics Simulator
- WebGL Water - Water Simulation
- LAMMPS - Molecular Dynamics (MD) Code
- avogadro, 2 or MolView - Molecular Viewers / Editors
- Simuwaerm - Heat Simulator
- Electromagnetic Radiation Spectrum Chart
▷ Space
- 🌐 Astronomy Resources - Astronomy Resources
- ↪️ Math and Physics Books
- ⭐ /r/Space - Space Subreddit
- ⭐ Space Dashboard - Space Live Stream Dashboard
- ⭐ EarthData - Daily Satellite Replays
- ⭐ Visible Earth, GOES-16 Satellite Imagery or Sentinel Hub - Satellite Imagery
- ⭐ NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration Website / Images / Audio / Documents
- ⭐ JPL Photojournal or JPL Images - JPL Planetary Image Archives
- ⭐ March to the Moon, Apollo Image Atlas or ApolloArchive / Flickr - Moon Landing Images
- ⭐ In The Sky - Astronomy News / Interactive Guides
- ViewSpace - Space Videos and Digital Interactives
- ESA - European Space Agency Website
- Space.com - Space News
- Encyclopedia Astronautica - Space Encyclopedia
- NASA History or NASA Ebooks - NASA Books
- NSSDCA - NASA Space Science Mission Data
- Planet Globe - Virtual Globes
- ISS Sim - ISS Docking Simulator
- Transit Finder, ISS Tracker, Spot The Station or Where The ISS At? - ISS Transit Tracking
- Leolabs Space - Low Earth Orbit Simulator
- Orbiter - Spaceflight Simulator / GitHub
- Satellite Map, KeepTrackSpace, Find Starlink or Look4Sat - Satellite Orbit Maps / Trackers
- Sky Calendar - Astronomy Calendar
- Nights on Earth - Astronomical Event Calendar
- Space Weather News or SpaceWeather - Space Weather Updates / Videos
- Andegraf Rockets - Rocket Diagrams
- nextrocket.space or RocketLaunch - Rocket Launch Trackers
- Interactive Apollo Missions or FirstMenOnTheMoon - Apollo in Realtime
- SunCalc, ShadeMap or MoonCalc - Sun / Moon Position
- Earth and Moon Viewer - Earth / Moon Latitude and Longitude Viewer
- SDO Dashboard - Live Sun Feed
- CelesTrack - Earth Orbit Visualization
- TheSkyLive or Atlas of Space - Solar System Simulators / Information
- 1 Pixel moon, LightYear or OMG SPACE - Solar System Scale Model
- Marspedia - Mars Wiki
- ExoplanetExplore - Interactive Exoplanet Visualization
- ExoplanetArchive - Exoplanet Database
- Space Object Comparison - Compare Sizes Of Celestial Objects
- Astrogeology - Planetary Maps
- Map of the Universe, Scale of the Universe, AndroidCelestia or SpaceEngine / Old Versions - Interactive Universe Scales
- NASA's Eyes or Celestia - 3D Space Visualizations / Solar System
- 100,000 Stars - Interactive 3D Star Visualization
- AndroidPlanisphere - Android Star Chart
- Aladin - Astronomical Image Viewer / Lite Version
- Siril - Astronomical Image Processor
- ESAsky - Public Astronomical Data
- Stellarium-Web or Stellarium - Virtual Stellariums
- WorldwideTelescope - Interactive Telescope Data / Home Page / GitHub
- ESA Hubble, SpaceTelescopeLive or HubbleSite - Hubble Telescope Images
- Webb Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope or ESAWebb - Webb Space Telescope Sites
- Webb Compare - Webb / Hubble Images
- APOD - Daily NASA Astronomy Images
- ESO Images, NASA2Explore or Astrobin - Astronomy Images
- /r/SpacePorn or /r/Astrophotography - Astrophotography Subreddits
- Meteor Showers - 3D Meteor Shower Visualization
- Live Meteors - Live Meteor Radio Echoes
- Clear Dark Sky - Star Gazing Weather Forecasts
- Dark Site Finder, DarkSkyMap or GoStarGazing - Star Gazing Site Locators
- TheCMB - 3D Cosmic Microwave Background Model
- ISODN Astronomy & Astrophysics - ISODN Astronomy & Astrophysics Discord Community
- ISODN Earth Science - ISODN Earth Science Discord Community
▷ Math
- 🌐 Awesome Math or Math Resources - Math Resources
- ↪️ Calculators / Problem Solvers
- ↪️ LaTeX Tools
- ⭐ Number Academy - Encyclopedia of Numbers
- ⭐ Wumbo - Math Reference Site
- ⭐ Open Source Society University / PT-BR - Math Roadmap / Discord
- ⭐ AoPS Alcumus or MathDash - Adaptive Problem Solving
- ⭐ BetterExplained - Math Guides / Courses
- ⭐ Manim, 2 - Generate Explanatory Math Videos / Videos / Difference Between Versions
- Wolfram MathWorld, Encyclopedia Of Math or nLab Math - Mathematics Encyclopedias
- Red Blob Games or Mathspad - Interactive Math Sites
- Mathcha, Corca or Math Editor - Online Math Editors
- SequenceDB - Sequence Machine
- OEIS - Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences
- Giac/Xcas - Algebra System
- Algebra Rules - Learn Algebra Rules
- CalculusMadeEasy - Learn Calculus
- CLP - Calculus Textbooks
- Mathematics Roadmap - Mathematics Book Recommendations
- Converter Pro, Rink, Frink, OneConverter or ConvertAll - Unit Converters / Calculators
- MathJax - JavaScript Math Display
- ISciDAVis - Scientific Data Plotter
- Approach0 - Math Formula Search
- MathOnline or Mathigon - Math / Courses
- Professor Leonard, 3Blue1Brown or MisterWootube - YouTube Math Lessons
- Mathispower4u, SchoolYourself, mathhelp, MathPortal, Math Planet or CoolMath - Math Lessons / Practice
- CoolMathGames - Math Games
- Cut The Knot - Math Equations / Problems
- IXL Learning - Math Practice / Quizzes
- Pauls Online Math Notes - Math Practice / Guides
- ParkMath or FreeMathHelp - Math Guides
- ISODN Math - ISODN Math Discord Community
- Fourier Transform - Interactive Fourier Transform Guide
- ProofWiki - Mathematical Proofs Wiki
- Terence Tao Research - Mathematical Research
- OpenLogicProject - Math Logic Teaching Materials
- Math is Fun - Math Tutorials / Puzzles / Games
- Brainstellar Puzzles - Puzzles From Quant Interviews
- Project Euler - Math / Programming Problems
- IMS - Introduction to Modern Statistics
- Seeing Theory or Stat Trek - Statistics & Probability Tutorials
▷ Engineering
- 🌐 The Engineering Toolbox or EngineersEdge - Engineering Resources
- 🌐 /r/EngineeringStudents Resources - Engineering Student Resources
- 🌐 Awesome Mecheng - Mechanical Engineering Resources
- 🌐 Awesome Electronics - Electronic Engineering Resources
- 🌐 Engineering Blogs - Engineering Blogs
- ↪️ Comp Sci Resources
- ↪️ 3D Modeling / CAD Apps
- ⭐ /r/AskEngineers / Wiki, /r/engineering or /r/AutomotiveEngineering - Engineering Subreddits
- ⭐ NPTEL or Sabin - Engineering Courses
- Formulia - Engineering Formulas / Tools
- Sanfoundry - Engineering Questions & Answers
- CESDB - Engineering Software
- How a Car Works - Car Mechanics / Automotive Engineering Guides
- Robot Shop - Robotics Forum
- VisRo Robotics - Robotics Learning / Discord
- Humanoid Robots Wiki - Robotics Courses Index
- Diode - 3D Hardware Simulator
- Wokwi - Arduino / ESP32 Board Simulators
- HDLBits - Learn Circuit Design
- EasyEDA or LibrePCB - Electronic Circuit Design Tools
- Circuit Steps - Circuit Analysis Tool
- BatteryUniversity - Learn About Batteries
- Electronics Tutorials or Instrumentacion - Electronic Guides
- KiCad - Schematics Editor / PCB Creator / SPICE Integration
- /m/engineering - Engineering Multireddit
▷ Chemistry
- 🌐 Wolfram Alpha Chemistry - Chemistry Calculators / Tools
- ↪️ Chemistry Lessons
- ⭐ Lab Safety Guide / Intro
- ⭐ LibreTexts Chemistry - Chemistry Texts
- ⭐ Internet Chemistry - Chemistry Search Index
- Chemistry Basics - Basics of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- ChemicalAid or Chemequations - Chemistry Calculators / Element Tables
- QuickChem - Chemistry Calculator
- PubChem, MOTM, NIST or EssentialChemicalIndustry - Chemistry Wikis
- ChemistrySteps or DocBrown - Chemistry Practice / Guides
- Cliffnotes Chemistry / Organic Chemistry I / Organic Chemistry II, Chem Wiki or chemguide - Study Guides
- ReactionFlash / iOS - Chemical Reaction Flashcards
- ChemistryTalk - Tutorials / Experiments / Elements / Reference Articles
- Sciencenotes - Periodic Tables / Chemistry Projects and Questions
- Organic Chemistry or Synarchive - Organic Reactions
- CommonOrganicChemistry - Common Reactions / Common Reagents
- name-reaction - List of Name Reactions
- ChemTube3D - Interactive 3D Chemistry Animations
- ChemSpider - Chemical Structures
- Merck Index - Online Merck Index
- Organic Chemistry Data - Organic Chemistry Data
- IGOC - Illustrated Glossary of Organic Chemistry
- Colorado Chemistry Simulations - Chemistry Animations
- Chemical Forums - Chemistry Forums
- ISODN Chemistry - ISODN Chemistry Discord Community
- Arkivoc - Journals
- WebQC Balance Calculator - Chemical Equation Balance Calculator
- Chemexper Chemical Directory - Chemical Directory
- OrgSyn - Chemistry Prep Guides
▷ Biology
- ⭐ Wikispecies or The Catalogue of Life - Species Databases
- ⭐ Animalia or A-Z Animal - Animal Encyclopedia
- ⭐ OneZoom - Tree of Life Explorer
- ⭐ Lost and Found Nature - Rediscovered Animal / Plant Database
- BiologyOnline - Biology Articles
- Biodiversity Heritage Library - Biodiversity Research
- Alien - Artificial Life Simulator / GitHub / Video
- Metazooa - Species Connection Game
- RecentlyExtinctSpecies - Recently Extinct Species Database
- UniProt - Protein Database
- iNaturalist - Organism Identification
- Ocearch - Track Marine Life
- The Deep Sea - Interactive Deep Sea Life Guide
- Pattern Radio - Listen to Whale Songs
- eBird, Audubon or AllAboutBirds - Bird Species Databases / IDs
- EuroBirdPortal - European Bird Distribution Map
- BirdSounds - Thousands of Bird Sounds Visualized
- Merlin or whoBIRD - Bird Picture / Sound Identification
- Featherbase - Bird Feather Database
- BugGuide - Insect Identification Community
- AntWeb - Ant Species Database
- Macroinvertebrates - Freshwater Macroinvertebrates Atlas
- Life Under the Ice - View Antarctic Microbes
- WhyDoCatsAndDogs...? - Pet Q&A Site
- Backyard Chickens - Chicken Raising Forum
- DinosaurPictures - Dinosaur Info / Images
- Pteros - Pterosaur Database
- WFO - Plant Database
- The Ferns - Tropical Plant Database
- ISODN Biology - ISODN Biology Discord Community
▷ Med School
- 🌐 /r/MedicalSchool Wiki - Med School Resources
- ↪️ Health Resources
- ⭐ Khan Academy - Physiology / Pathology Overviews
- ⭐ Afratafreeh - Medical Video Courses and Books
- MDCalc, MSD Manuals or Epocrates - Medical Reference Sites / Tools
- Geeky Medics, UC San Diego CG or Easy Auscultation - Clinical Guides
- Glass AI - Medical Diagnoses' Training AI
- Get Body Smart or University of Michigan Anatomy - Anatomy Guides
- Zygote Body, AnatomyLearning or Biodigital - 3D Human Anatomical Models
- Inner Body - Anatomy Atlas (2D&3D)
- NIH Print - Biomedical Science 3D Models
- Sectional Anatomy - Cross Sectional Educational MRI / CT Scans
- University of Minnesota Histology or University of Leeds Histology - Histology Guides
- Tulane University Pharmacology - Pharmacology Info & Quizzes
- Antibiotics Summary - Antibiotics Summary Image
- Healio ECG Review, ECG Library or Litfl - ECG Information
- The ECG Course - ECG Video Course
- ECG Wave-Maven: Self-Assessment Program - ECG Practice
- Hyper Heart - Massey University Heart Animation
- Emergency Medicine Cases - EM Case Index
- EMCrit - Emergency Medicine Information
- EMRap - Emergency Medicine Videos
- Calgary Guide - Disease Pathophysiology / Manifestation Flow-Charts
- Radiopaedia, Radiology Assistant or Radiology Education - Radiology Resources
- MalaCards - Human Disease Database
- Epidemic Calculator - COVID Data
- Pathology Outlines - Pathology Info
- University of Utah Pathology - Pathology Guide
- The Iowa Virtual Slidebox - Pathology Atlas Software
- Nextstrain - Pathogen Evolution Tracking
- Passmedicine - UCAT Practice Questions
- UCAT Score - UCAT Score Converter
- /r/medicalschoolanki - Community for Medical Anki Cards
- CRAM - Medical Flashcards
▷ Periodic Tables
- ⭐ Ptable - Interactive Table
- ⭐ Images-of-elements - Element Images
- ⭐ periodic-table.org or Material Properties - Material / Element Learning Resources
- Graph Overflow or 3D Periodic Table - 3D Visualizations of Atoms
- Atomic - Periodic Table Mobile App
- The Periodic Table Of Elements - Interactive Table
- periodic-table.io - Interactive Table
- Periodic Table App - Interactive Table
- WebElements - Interactive Table
► Language Learning
▷ Multi-Language
- 🌐 Language Links, /int/ Guide or /r/LanguageLearning Resources - Language Learning Resources
- 🌐 Speechling - Language Learning Tools
- 🌐 LexiLogos - Multi-Language Dictionary Index
- ↪️ Translation Tools
- ⭐ Language Transfer - Language Learning Lectures
- ⭐ Language Reactor, LLPlayer, Trancy or Easysubs - Learn Languages via Videos
- ⭐ Readlang - Learn a Language via Web Browsing
- Duolingo / Tips, Memrise, LingoDeer or Busuu - Language Learning Lessons
- Language Learners - Language Learning Forum / Community
- WordReference, Glosbe or Reverso - Translation Dictionary
- Yomitan - Popup Dictionary / Discord
- ReverseDictionary or OneLook Reverse - Search for Words Using Their Meanings
- Comprehensible Input Wiki - Learn Languages via Comprehensible Input
- HelloTalk - Learn Languages via AI Conversation
- Languagelearning.site - Language Learning Torrents
- Refold - Language Learning Roadmap
- Language Drops - Language Learning App / Premium
- 10,000 Sentences - Language Learning App
- Yojik or Pimsleur - Language Learning Courses
- DLIFLC - Language Learning Quizzes
- Ba Ba Dum - Language Learning Game
- LanguageGuide - Visual Language Learning
- clozemaster - Context-Based Language Learning
- Sounter, LingoClip or LyricFluent - Learn Languages via Music
- MORT or Textractor - Learn Languages via Games
- Language Roadmap - Foreign Language Media Difficulty Guide
- Hey! Lingo or LearnWithOliver - Language Learning Flashcards
- MyLanguages, VocabTest, My Little Word Land or 50Languages - Grammar / Vocabulary Language Learning
- Vocatra or QuizFlow - Vocabulary Trainers
- Verbix - Verb Conjugator
- ListLang - Most Used Words in Any Language
- Alphabetpedia - Multiple Language Alphabets
- wehewehe - Hawaiian Dictionary
▷ Language Exchange
- 🌐 The Language Exchange Network, 2 - Language Exchange Communities / Discord
- InterPals
- Episoden
- Tandem
- Conversation Exchange
- RhinoSpike
- HiNative
- LangX
- Polyglot
- ISODN Linguistics - ISODN Linguistics Discord Community
▷ English
- 🌐 Many Things - ESL Resources
- 🌐 ESOL - English Learning Resources
- youglish or YouDict - YouTube Word Pronunciations
- Forvo or HowJSay - Pronunciation Dictionary
- The Internet TESL Journal - Resources for EFL and ESL Teachers
- EFSET - English Proficiency Test
- Spellcheck - English Spelling Game
- Learn English Online, ESLFast, AntiMoon, Oxford Online or Cambridge Online - English Lessons
- EnglishCentral, EngVid or Voscreen - English Video Lessons
- ItsAllInEnglish, Frenglish or English E-Reader - English Learning Books
- elllo or Listening Lab - English Listening Lessons / Practice
- TalkEnglish or Stimuler IELTS Speaking Buddy - Improve Spoken English
- WriteAndImprove - Improve English Writing
- Elsaspeak - Practice English Conversations
- yell0wsuit or OxfordLearnersDictionaries - Word Learning Site
- Podcasts in English - English Learning Podcasts
- Langeek or Ozdic - Grammar / Vocabulary Language Learning
- EnglishAccentMap - English Accent Videos / Map
- EnglishBanana - English Learning Worksheets
- Free4Talk - English Learning Communities
▷ Japanese
- 🌐 yame dame, GaijinRyman, Nihongo, Japanese Resources or AnimeCards - Learning Resources
- 🌐 Japanese Pitch Accent Resources - Japanese Accent Resources
- ↪️ Japanese Learning Sites / YouTube Channels
- ↪️ Dictionaries / Translation
- ↪️ Kanji Learning Resources
- ⭐ Animelon, JapaneseWithAnime or Immersion Kit - Learn Japanese via Anime / Manga
- Nihongo con Teppei - Japanese Beginners Podcast
- JapaneseTab - Japanese Learning Extension
- Minato - Japanese Courses
- Memento - Japanese Learning Video Player
- Supernative or LearnNatively - Learn Japanese via Media
- jidoujisho or Manabi - Learn Japanese via Books
- Learn Japanese Grammar or BunPro - Learn Japanese Grammar
- OJAD - Japanese Accent Dictionary
- DelvinLanguage - Fill in Missing Japanese Words
- Jlpt N3 or JapaneseTest4You - Jlpt Exam Questions / Grammar
- GetKanda, Nihonoari or RealKana - Learn Kana
▷ Korean
- ⭐ Learn Korean - Korean Learning Discord
- Read Korean Letters - Learn Korean Characters
- KR Dict - Korean Learning Dictionary
- HowToStudyKorean - Korean Lessons / Practice
- iksi - Korean Classes
- TalkToMeInKorean - Korean Learning Courses
- Sogang or 90 Day Korean - Korean Learning Lessons
- Mirinae - Korean Word Breakdown
- National Institute of Korean Language - Korean Dictionaries / Expression Practice
- Hangul Practice - Hangul Recognition Test
- UltimateKorean - Korean Grammar / Vocab Lessons
- KoreanKeyboardLearner - Korean Typing Practice
- Korean Trainer - Korean Numbers & Date Practice
- Hangul - Korean Typing Practice
▷ Chinese
- 🌐 YellowBridge or DigMandarin - Chinese Learning Tools
- 🌐 Cantonese sheik or SinoSplice - Chinese Learning Resources
- ↪️ Mandarin Chinese Books
- ⭐ /r/ChineseLanguage - Chinese Learning Community / Discord
- ⭐ Zhongwen - Learn via Classic Chinese Literature
- Train Chinese, ChineseSkill or HelloChinese - Chinese Learning App
- KongLongMandarin, DU Chinese or Dong Chinese - Chinese Lessons
- ArchChinese or Hanzi Grids - Chinese Writing Lessons
- Stroke Order - Learn Chinese Stroke Orders
- HackingChinese - Chinese Learning Articles
- Cantonese.ca, CantoScrolls, Laoshi or TofuLearn - Chinese Vocabulary
- MDBG or Pleco - Chinese Dictionaries
- Maorma - Chinese Tone Practice
- The Chairman's Bao - Chinese Reading Practice / News Articles
- Pleco - Chinese Flashcards / Dictionary
- Chinese Flashcards - Chinese Flashcards
- MandoBot - Mandarin Translation / Segementation
▷ European
- ⭐ StudySpanish or LibreLingo - Learn Spanish
- SpanishDict - Spanish Translation Dictionary
- SpanishChecker - Spanish Grammar Check
- DreamingSpanish - Spanish Learning Videos
- The French Tutorial - French Learning Tutorials
- LCSpeakFrench - Live French Lessons
- Uusi Kielemme - Finnish Learning
▷ German
- 🌐 German Resources - German Language Resources
- ⭐ German Discord - German Learning Community
- ⭐ DW German Course - German Learning Course
- ⭐ VHS Lernportal - German Learning Course / Mobile
- Seedlang - German Learning App
- Linguee / 2 or Dict.cc - German Translation Dictionaries
- VerbForm - Create German Verb Anki Flashcards
▷ South Asian
- 🌐 Urdu Resources or UrduNotes - Urdu Learning Resources
- 🌐 Mga Nagmamarunong's Masterlist - Tagalog Learning Resources
- 🌐 Learn Sanskrit or Sanskrit Studio - Sanskrit Lessons and Tools
- South Asian Languages - South Asian Language Learning
- Urdupod101 - Urdu Grammar Overview / Video
- Rekhta Dictionary - Urdu Dictionary
- UBC Sanskrit Learning Tools - UBC Sanskrit Lessons
- Sanskrit Subreddit / Resources - Sanskrit Resources / Discussion
- Ambuda - Sanskrit Dictionaries / Texts
▷ Other Languages
- TeachMeHebrew - Learn Hebrew
- ASL Dictionary, BSL Dictionary, SignSpaces or HandSpeak - Learn American Sign Language
- SignLearner - Learn Sign Language while Browsing Internet
- Signs - Sign Language Learning AI
- Learn BSL in SignWriting
- LingYourLanguage or Language Squad - Language Identification Test
- LocalLingual or DialectArchive - Listen to Accents
- Interactive IPA Chart - Learn Phonetic Alphabet Symbols
- IPA Reader - International Phonetic Alphabet Reader
- Asian Script Differentiation Guide
- Omniglot - Writing System & Language Encyclopedia
- Plover - Stenography Engine / GitHub / Discord
► Developer Learning
- 🌐 Awesome Certificates - Dev Course Indexes
- 🌐 Awesome YouTubers - YouTube Dev Channels Indexes
- 🌐 ProgrammingLearningResources, /r/LearnProgramming Wiki, Programming Learning Index or A-to-Z-Resources-for-Students - Programming Learning Resources
- 🌐 Python Discord - Python Learning Resources
- 🌐 Path to Senior Engineer or Professional Programming - Software Engineer Resources
- ↪️ Programming Books - Read / Download Programming Books
- ↪️ Programming / Coding Tutorials
- ⭐ freeCodeCamp - Programming / Courses / Interactive
- ⭐ Git Cheatsheet or Git Commands - Git Command Lists
- ⭐ OpenVim or Vim Hero - Interactive Vim Tutorials
- ⭐ StarSQL or Learn SQL - SQL Lessons
- First Timers Only - Contribution Guide for Beginners
- Beej's Guide to Git or Git Tips - Git Guides / Tips
- Oh My Git! or Oh Shit, Git!?! - Git Learning Game
- Git Tutorial - Interactive Git Tutorial
- Learn Git Branching - Interactive Git Branching Guide
- Git Time - Git Version Control System Learning Game
- DevToolTips - Developer Tips
- Roadmap - Developer Roadmaps / GitHub
- Checki0 - Code Learning Games
- Scrimba - Interactive Programming Courses
- CloudSkillsBoost - Programming Courses
- EggHead - Programming Courses
- TechSchool - Programming Courses / Discord
- USACO Guide - Competitive Programming Lessons
- Beej's Guides or LearnByExample - Programming Guides
- CodinGame - Games to Practice Coding / Programming
- Advent of Code - Programming Puzzles
- Project Based Learning - Collection of Project-Based Tutorials
- Interview University - Software Engineer Study Guides
- System Design 101 or system-design-primer - System Design Guides
- CLIG - CLI Design Guide / Discord
- LearnToCloud - Cloud Computing Guide
- Swift Playgrounds - Learn Swift UI / Samples
- rTorr - Vim Editor Cheat Sheets
- Vim University - Vim Tips
- VimTip - Vim Editor Tips
- Vim Adventures - Vim Learning Game
- Vim Golf - Vim Challenges
- High Assurance Rust - Software Development Guide
- LearningSEO.io or SEO Cheat Sheet - SEO Learning
- SQL PD, SQL Noir, Lost at SQL or SQL Easy - SQL Learning Games
- PostgreSQL Tutorial - PostgreSQL Tutorial
- MySQL Tutorial - MySQL Tutorial
- LearnOpenGL - Learn OpenGL
- Devops Exercises - DevOps Exercises
- 90DaysOfDevOps - Learn DevOps
- Hasura - GraphQL Courses
- systemd-by-example - systemd Learning
- The Linux Kernel - Linux Kernel Development Guides / Archives
- Workbench - Learn / Experiment with Gnome / GitHub
- Approaching (Almost) Any Machine Learning Problem - Machine Learning Problem-Solving Book
- Deep ML - Solve Machine Learning Problems
- AI-For-Beginners, Beginner Guides or HF Learn - Machine Learning Guides
- ML Course Notes - Machine Learning Course Notes
- 100-Days-Of-ML-Code, DeepLearningWizard, DeepCourse, UFLDL, IAILab, Handson ML3, DeepLearning.ai or Practical Deep Learning - Machine / Deep Learning Courses
- minitorch - Machine Learning Engineering Course Code
- ML YouTube Courses or Deep Learning Drizzle - Machine Learning Courses on YouTube
▷ Programming Languages
- 30 Days Of Python or Hitchhiker's Guide to Python - Python Guides
- A Byte of Python, Hypermodern Python, Learn Python, Learn-Python or Magical Universe - Learn Python
- FutureCoder, CS50, python-mastery or A Practical Introduction to Python - Python Courses
- Tea Press - Python Learning Book
- Learn C - C Tutorial
- C++ Core Guidelines - C++ Best Practices Guidelines / GitHub
- Learn C++ - C++ Lessons / Tutorials
- StudyPlan - C++ Lessons / Tutorials
- modern-cpp-tricks - C++ Tips
- Makefile Tutorial - Makefile Tutorial
- AmigosCode - Java / Kotlin Tutorials
- learncs.online - Learn Java / Kotlin
- Java Design Patterns - Java Guide
- Learn Next.js - Next.js Learning Resources
- LearnGo, Tour Go or play-with-go - Learn Go Programming
- Rust Learning - Rust Learning Resources
- Poignant or Try Ruby - Learn Ruby
- Learn Perl - Learn Perl
▷ Web Development
- 🌐 MDN or Web Dev Resources - Web Dev Learning Resources
- ⭐ Odin Project, 2 - Programming / Courses / Interactive / Discord
- ⭐ FullStackOpen - Full Stack Course
- ⭐ LandChad, 32bit or learn.sadgrl.online - Site Development Guides
- ⭐ Learn to Code HTML & CSS - HTML/CSS Course
- ⭐ PHP: The Right Way, Learn PHP or PHP Tutorial - Learn PHP
- ⭐ JavaScript.info, Patterns.dev or 30 Days Of JavaScript - JavaScript Learning Sites
- Web Dev for Beginners - Web Dev Course
- Awesome Network Analysis - Network Analysis Learning
- Aquent Gymnasium or CodeAnalogies - Web Dev Tutorials
- Dash - Web Dev Courses
- Web Skills, Codeguage / Discord, web.dev or Encodedna - Web Dev Guides
- Codevolution - Web Dev Video Lessons
- Local-First Web - Local-First Web Development Guide
- DOM Events - Learn about DOM Events
- WebRTCForTheCurious - WebRTC Guide / GitHub
- backendlore or Design Pattern for Humans - Backend Coding Guides
- backend-challenges - Backend Challenges for Practice
- Backend Cheats - Backend Cheatsheet / Guide
- Full Stack Solana Development Guide - Examples
- STPG - Startpage Creation Guides / Discord
- Web Design in 4 Minutes or Strml - Interactive Web Design Tutorial
- WebGL and GLSL Workshop - Interactive WebGL / GLSL Tutorial
- HEAD - HTML head Element Guide
- css-animation - CSS Animation Tutorial
- 100DayCSS, CSS Challenges or PlayCSS - CSS Challenges
- Codepip, Grid Garden, CSS Battle, CSS Speedrun, CodingFantasy or CSS Diner - CSS Learning Games
- Guess CSS - CSS Guessing Game
- Flexbox Froggy, Flexbox Zombies, FlexboxDefense or KnightsoftheFlexboxTable - CSS Flexbox Learning Games
- DefensiveCSS - CSS Tips
- LearnCSSGrid or GridByExample - CSS Grid Guides
- ReactStudyKit - React Study Tools / Flashcards
- You Don't Know JS or EloquentJavaScript - JavaScript Learning Books
- JavaScript Questions or JavaScriptQuiz - JavaScript Questions for Practice
- 33 JS Concepts - Useful JavaScript Concepts
- You-Dont-Need-jQuery - JavaScript Query Style Events Guide
- Untrusted - JavaScript Learning Game
- HTML DOM - Learn DOM Manipulation
- HTMLDog - HTML/CSS and JavaScript Tutorials
- Pixactly - Test Pixel Dimension Orientation
▷ Computer Science
- 🌐 CompSciLib - Computer Science Tools
- ⭐ TeachYourselfComputerScience - Computer Science Book Recommendations
- ⭐ Open Source Society University / PT-BR / CN - Computer Science Roadmap / Discord
- ⭐ NandGame - Computer Building Puzzle
- ⭐ CraftingInterpreters - Scripting Language Implementation Book / GitHub
- CS1000 - Computer Science / Software Engineering
- Tech Dev Guide - Computer Science Google Courses
- Big-O Cheatsheet - Computer Science Complexities Cheatsheet
- CSDIY, awesome-low-level-design, awesome-system-design-resources or LearnAIFromScratch - Computer Science Learning Guides
- ProfessorMesser - IT Courses
- Code.org - Computer Science Courses
- cs-video-courses - Computer Science Courses
- Modern Computer Science Curriculum - Computer Science Courses
- CS50 - Harvard Computer Science Course
- CollegeComendium - Computer Science Courses
- Runestone Interactive - Interactive Guides
- Computerphile or CSDojo - Computer Science YouTube Channels
- ApressOpen - Computer Science Books
- Papers We Love - Computer Science Research Papers
- CS Academy - Interactive Computer Science Lessons
- From Nand To Tetris - Computer Building Lesson
- Copetti - In-depth Console Architecture Analysis / GitHub
- Web Browser Engineering - Learn about Browser Engineering
- OSDev Wiki - Operating System Dev Wiki
- Wi is Fi - Wi-Fi Educational Guide
- CPU Land - What Happens when you run Programs
- Computer Science Lecture Links
- Eylenburg - Hardware / Software Comparisons + History
▷ Data Science
- 🌐 Awesome DataScience - Data Science Resources
- 🌐 Data Engineer Handbook - Data Engineer Resources
- ↪️ Machine Learning Resources
- ⭐ Open Source Society University - Data Science Roadmap / Discord
- Mage - Data Science Pipelines
- Deepnote - Data Science Notebook
- Data Science Resources - Data Science Learning Resources
- Visualization.info - Learn About Data Visualization
- 365Datascience - Data Science Courses
- Advanced R - R Guide / Solutions
- R Packages - R Packages Guide
- R for Data Science - R Data Science Guide
- Zero to Nix - Nix Learning Guide
- ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis - ggplot2 Guide
- Data Science Ipython Notebooks, Scipy Lectures or Virgilio / GitHub - Learn DataScience
- Data Engineering Zoomcamp - Data Engineering Course
- Data Engineering Practice Problems - Data Engineering Practice
- Learn to Make Netflix Clone
- Zasper - Data Science IDE
▷ Data Structures
- ⭐ Leetcode - Coding Practice
- ⭐ Leetcode Tools - Solutions, 2 / Company Questions, 2, 3 / Animations / Anki Cards / Videos / Resources
- ⭐ NeetCode - Coding Interview Practice
- algonds - Coding Practice
- Codility - Coding Practice
- ProjectLearn - Coding Practice
- LintCode or CodeWars - Coding Practice
- CyberType - Increase Coding Speed
- Coding Questions or Skilled.dev - Coding Interview Questions
- BuildBox, DevPost, HackTheEarth, EMKC, AtCoder or Toph.co - Hackathon / Challenge Communities
- Rosetta Code, CodeAbbey, Kattis or Coding Problems - Coding Problems / Solutions
- Exercism, HackerRank or CS Circles - Programming Lessons
- Hello Algo - Data Structures and Algorithms Course
- Algorithms-Cheatsheet-Resources - Code Algorithm Cheat Sheets
- algorithms - Code Algorithms & Data Structures Tutorials
- JavaScript Algorithms - Algorithms and Data Structures in JavaScript
- VisuAlgo - Data Structures & Algorithm Animations
- Algorithm Visualizer or Sorting Algorithms Visuallizer / GitHub - Visualize Code Algorithms
- CSES Problemset - Collection of Algorithmic Programming Problems
- Memery Spy - Learn how Bytes Represent Variables
▷ UI / UX
- design.tips or Utopia - Design Tips
- HackDesign or Sky Design - UI / Webdesign Courses
- Learn UI Design - UI Design Course
- 50 UI Tips - UI Design Book
- Can't Unsee - UI Design Test
- UXTools or UXMovement - Learn UX Design
- SitePoint - UX Design Courses & Books
- delightful humane design - Humane Design Resources
- Laws of UX - Maxims / Principles for UI Designers
- Deceptive Patterns - Deceptive User Experience Examples
- UI Coach - UI Design Challenge Generator
- HTML Dog or Front Tips - Frontend Tutorials & Examples
- FrontEndMentor, Phuoc or Frontend Challenges - Frontend Design Challenges
- Frontend Learning Kit - Frontend Learning Index
- Frontend Bootcamp - Frontend Workshop
▷ Cybersecurity
- 🌐 Free Cyber Resources, BlueTeam Tools or Applied Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity Learning Resources
- 🌐 CTF Sites, echoCTF.RED, CTF101, picoCTF, CTF Beginners Guide, CTFtime or CTFLearn - CTF Resources / Guides
- ⭐ HackTricks - Practical Penetration Testing & Security Auditing Tips
- ⭐ OWASP Cheatsheet - Application Security Guide
- Hackers101, SmashTheStack, WebHacking or DefendTheWeb - Cybersecurity Challenges
- Skills for All or 90DaysOfCyberSecurity - Cybersecurity Courses
- Sectube - IT Security Event Recordings
- TryHackMe, Hack The Box or OpenSecurityTraining2 - Cybersecurity Lessons
- Addielamarr, Cyber Talent Kids or Teach Yourself Info Sec - Learn About Cybersecurity
- pwn.college - Cybersecurity Practice
- OverTheWire - Cybersecurity Learning Game
- Hacksplaining - Developer Security Lessons
- MicroCorruption - Learn Reverse Engineering / Cybersecurity
- x86re or Reverse-Engineering - Reverse Engineering Guides
- CrackMyApp or crackmes / Discord - Reverse Engineering Challenges
- John Hammond - Cybersecurity YouTube Tutorials
- Pentesting Bible or Juice Shop - Learn Pentesting
- How DNS Works - Learn DNS
- How DNSSEC Works - Learn DNSSEC
- sha256_project, CryptoPals or cryptohack - Cryptography Learning
- How HTTPS Works - Learn HTTPS
- The SHA-256 Project - Learn to Develop SHA-256
▷ Game Development
- 🌐 Awesome-Gamedev, Learn Gamedev, MagicTools, Newgrounds Wiki: Game Dev Resources or The VG Resource - Learning Resources
- ⭐ develop.games - Game Dev Guides
- ⭐ Brackeys - Game Dev Tutorials
- ⭐ /r/gamedev - Reddit Community
- Amit’s Game Programming - Game Programming Guide
- PICO-8 - Basic Game Dev Concepts / Web Version
- From Zero To Hero - 2D Game Dev Book
- Web Game Dev - Game Dev Guides / Discord
- SebastianLague - Game Dev Tutorials
- Trig for Games - Trigonometry Lessons for Games
- Game Math - Mathematics Lessons for Game Devs
- Graphics Workshop - Learn Computer Graphics
- QB64SourceCode - QB64 Game Programming Tutorials
- 8bitWorkshop - Retro Game Programming Tutorials
► Educational Tools
- 🌐 nanoHUB - Nanotechnology Tools
- 🌐 5th STAAR Resource Curation - Grade School Tools
- ↪️ Presentation Tools
- ↪️ Data Visualization
- ↪️ Grammar / Spell Check
- ↪️ Text Rephrasing
- ⭐ OpenBoard, DGM, NotebookCast, WebWhiteboard, Microsoft Whiteboard, WBO, OurBoard, Whiteboard.fi or Whiteboard Fox - Whiteboards
- FreeForStudent - Free for Student Deals
- ImageJ / Web or Fiji - Scientific Image Analyzers
- Altium - Schematics Visualizer
- Wolfram Cloud - Computational Intelligence
- GradesFixer - Essay Samples
- Tempumail or etempmail - EDU Email Addresses
- Edu VPN - Institute Access VPN
- BachelorStudies - Bachelor Degree Search
- Talem - Extracurricular Search
- Niche, TheUniGuide, Alumnius or Top Universities - University / School Comparisons
- RateMyDorm or :) - College Dorm Reviews
- RateMyProfessor - Professor Ratings
- Wordwall - Lesson Creator
- The Chomsky Index - Noam Chomsky Content Index Tool
- Internet-In-A-Box - Create Free Offline Learning Hotspots / GitHub
- SlideShareDownloader or SlideShareSaver - Download Slideshare Slides
▷ Study / Research
- 🌐 Awesome Research, Scolary, KausalFlow, Foam, Zotero, ResearchRabbit or Scrible - Research Tools
- 🌐 Digital SAT Resources - SAT Resources
- ↪️ Note-Taking Tools
- ↪️ Documents / Articles
- ⭐ Wolfram Alpha - Searchable Knowledge Base / Mobile
- ⭐ StudyLion - Study Tracker / Productivity Discord Bot / GitHub
- ⭐ StudyKit, StuDoc / Downloader / 2, Gizmo, Knowt, Quizlet, Shmoop or SparkNotes - Quizzes / Study Material / Show Hidden
- ⭐ Anki / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub, StudyLib, RemNote, Flippity, Flashcard Machine, MemoAnki, revisiondojo, Flashka or NoteKnight - Flashcard Tools
- ⭐ Anki Tools - Add-ons / Decks / Resources, 2
- ⭐ Coursicle - Class Schedule Tracker / Android
- ⭐ OpenSyllabus - Syllabus Search / Info
- ⭐ Refseek, Explorer or Merlot - Academic Search Engines
- SciSpace (No Sign-Up), Scinito or Elicit / GitHub - Research Paper Chatbots
- Co-STORM - Generate Wiki-Style Articles for Anything
- mybib, citemaker, formatically, zbib, CitationMachine, Scribbr, CiteFast or Cite This For Me - Citation Generators / Chrome
- Publish or Perish - Citation Analyzer
- Inciteful - Find Connected Literature via Citations
- PLText, PlagiarismDetector or Duplichecker - Plagiarism Checkers
- cb2bib - Reference Extractors / Managers
- MassiveMark - Convert LLM Chats to DOCX / Discord
- GROBID - Extract / Organize Scientific Document Info
- ExpertFile or ExpertiseFinder - Industry / Academic Expert Search
- Catma - Research Markup & Analysis Tool
- OpenRefine - Data Cleaning
- Taguette - Data Analysis Document Tagging
- Lurnby - Research Highlighting Tool / GitHub
- General Index - Article Metadata Mining Project
- Papertag - Attach Digital Content to Paper
- Graded - Grades Tracker / Android / GitHub
- GradesCalculator - Calculate CGPA & GPA
- CalculateCGPA - Calculate GPA
- LearnedEasy - Create Summaries / Quizzes from Books
- SearchifyX - Search Flashcards
- ForgetMeNot - Flashcard Mobile App
- Get Unstuck or Brainly / Limit Bypass - Homework Help Bots / Communities
- Toppr, FreeOnlineTest, Alloprof or AE Old (Discord) - Test Practice & Homework Help
- DoubtNut - Exam / Solutions / Help / Ad-Bypass
- MammothMemory - Visual Memory-Based Solutions
- StudyStream or StudyTogether - Online Study Groups
- Space Finder - UK Study Space Search
- Papers.Xtreme - Test Revision Notes & Answers
- OnePrep, DSATuz / Telegram or The SAT: Practice Tests - SAT Practice Exams / Questions
- SATArchive - Previous SAT Test Archive
- SAT Reading - Suggested SAT Reading
- SAT_Files_discussion - SAT Exam Discussion
- Examveda, SaveMyExams or Aglasem - Exam Practice
- MajorTests - Practice Tests
- CrackAP - Practice AP Exams
- AllFreeDumps - Exam Dumps
- IndiaBIX - Aptitude Tests
- IBResources - International Baccalaureate Resources
- /r/ApStudents Resources - Former AP Exams
- /r/APStudents Course Survey - AP Exam Comparison Spreadsheet
- /r/CATpreparation - CAT Test Prep / Discord
- Revisely - GCSE Exam Help
- CatchaScience, IGCSEResources, r/IGCSE or ZNotes - IGCSE Study Notes / Resources
- IGCSE Papers or Physics & Maths Tutor - Download Past GCSE / IGCSE Papers
- IELTS69 - Cambridge Practice Tests
- CaieFinder - Previous Cambridge Test Answers
- anthropology - UPSC Telegram Channel
- GaryChamberlainLectureNotes - Econometrics Lecture Notes
- ITExams - IT Exam Collection
- Cheatography - Educational Cheat Sheets
- LitSolutions - Textbook Solutions
- Science Career General - PhD / STEM Career Study Guides
- HamExam, AA9PW or HamStudy - Ham Radio Practice Exams
▷ JEE / NEET
- 🌐 /r/JEENEETards Index - Guides / Study Material
- ⭐ PirateHive - Guides / Study Material
- ⭐ ExamSide - Practice / Study Material
- ⭐ JEE Hub - JEE / NEET PYQs
- JEE Books - JEE Books Archive
- Genetry or Lec.Branch - JEE Lectures
- YouTube Lengths, Fastlane Lengths or Normal Lane Lengths - Lecture Lengths / Data
- MarksAPP - Guides / Study Material / Telegram
- Adv Study Material - Guides / Study Material
- DoubtNut - Solutions / Help / Ad-Bypass
▷ Calculators
- ⭐ Wolfram|Alpha - Calculators
- ⭐ Omni Calculator - Calculators
- ⭐ OpenCalc, yetCalc or microMathematics - Android Calculators
- ⭐ SageCalc, CEmu, TI-84 Online or ti84calc - TI-84 Calculators
- ⭐ GeoGebra or Desmos - Graphing Calculators
- SpeedCrunch - Advanced Calculator
- numbr.dev - Calculators
- Aqua Calc - Calculators
- PlanetCalc - Calculators
- MatrixCalc - Matrix Calculator
- Qalculate - Desktop Calculator
- QwikTape - Note Style Calculator
- Kalker or Numbat - Scientific Calculators
- TicCalc - TI Graphing Calculator Files
- arTIfiCE - TI CE Calculator Jailbreak
- Cymath, PhotoMath, Mathway, MathDF, Math Solver, Tiger Algebra or Symbolab - Math Problem Solvers
▷ Dictionaries / Thesaurus
- ⭐ OneLook - Multi Dictionary / Thesaurus Search
- ⭐ Merriam-Webster - Dictionary / Thesaurus
- ⭐ GoldenDict / 2 - Dictionary / Files
- ⭐ NGrams or Netspeak - Word Usage Trackers
- ⭐ The Piracy Glossary - Piracy Dictionary
- ⭐ UrbanDictionary / Frontends or Slangit - Slang Word / Phrase Dictionaries
- Wordnik - Dictionary
- Oxford English Dictionary - Dictionary / Bypass
- Cambridge Dictionary - Dictionary
- Wiktionary - Dictionary
- PowerThesaurus - Thesaurus
- Historical Thesaurus of English - Historical Thesaurus
- Phrases.org - Phrase Dictionary
- Time Traveler - Find Words First Printed Usage
- EtymOnline - Etymologies
- StarlingDB - Advanced Linguistics Dictionary
- Phrontistery - Obscure Word Dictionary
- Unionpedia, Lexipedia or VisuWords - Word Connections / Visualizers
- DoesNotTranslate or Eunoia - Words with No Translation
- Affixes.org - Affixes
- Fraze.it - Sentence Search
- Feeels - Emotion Synonym Chart
- PrideFlags - LGBT Flag Index
- TheDevilsDictionary - Cynical Dictionary
- WordSafety - Swear Word Indexes
- PyGlossary - Convert Dictionary Files
▷ Encyclopedias
- 🌐 List of Encyclopedias - Online Encyclopedia Index
- ⭐ Wikipedia - Encyclopedia / Content List
- ⭐ Wikipedia Frontends - WikiWand or ModernWiki
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-12 20:27:54"Za sve one koji još uvek nisu u potpunosti razumeli kontroverzni Bitkoin, ovo je koncizni i informativni brzi kurs o novcu i kriptovalutama."
Bitkoin: Kraj novca kakvog poznajemo - IMDB
Prevod: SatoshiSan / @SSG_SatoshiSan
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-01-31 20:02:25Im Augenblick wird mit größter Intensität, großer Umsicht \ das deutsche Volk belogen. \ Olaf Scholz im FAZ-Interview
Online-Wahlen stärken die Demokratie, sind sicher, und 61 Prozent der Wahlberechtigten sprechen sich für deren Einführung in Deutschland aus. Das zumindest behauptet eine aktuelle Umfrage, die auch über die Agentur Reuters Verbreitung in den Medien gefunden hat. Demnach würden außerdem 45 Prozent der Nichtwähler bei der Bundestagswahl ihre Stimme abgeben, wenn sie dies zum Beispiel von Ihrem PC, Tablet oder Smartphone aus machen könnten.
Die telefonische Umfrage unter gut 1000 wahlberechtigten Personen sei repräsentativ, behauptet der Auftraggeber – der Digitalverband Bitkom. Dieser präsentiert sich als eingetragener Verein mit einer beeindruckenden Liste von Mitgliedern, die Software und IT-Dienstleistungen anbieten. Erklärtes Vereinsziel ist es, «Deutschland zu einem führenden Digitalstandort zu machen und die digitale Transformation der deutschen Wirtschaft und Verwaltung voranzutreiben».
Durchgeführt hat die Befragung die Bitkom Servicegesellschaft mbH, also alles in der Familie. Die gleiche Erhebung hatte der Verband übrigens 2021 schon einmal durchgeführt. Damals sprachen sich angeblich sogar 63 Prozent für ein derartiges «Demokratie-Update» aus – die Tendenz ist demgemäß fallend. Dennoch orakelt mancher, der Gang zur Wahlurne gelte bereits als veraltet.
Die spanische Privat-Uni mit Globalisten-Touch, IE University, berichtete Ende letzten Jahres in ihrer Studie «European Tech Insights», 67 Prozent der Europäer befürchteten, dass Hacker Wahlergebnisse verfälschen könnten. Mehr als 30 Prozent der Befragten glaubten, dass künstliche Intelligenz (KI) bereits Wahlentscheidungen beeinflusst habe. Trotzdem würden angeblich 34 Prozent der unter 35-Jährigen einer KI-gesteuerten App vertrauen, um in ihrem Namen für politische Kandidaten zu stimmen.
Wie dauerhaft wird wohl das Ergebnis der kommenden Bundestagswahl sein? Diese Frage stellt sich angesichts der aktuellen Entwicklung der Migrations-Debatte und der (vorübergehend) bröckelnden «Brandmauer» gegen die AfD. Das «Zustrombegrenzungsgesetz» der Union hat das Parlament heute Nachmittag überraschenderweise abgelehnt. Dennoch muss man wohl kein ausgesprochener Pessimist sein, um zu befürchten, dass die Entscheidungen der Bürger von den selbsternannten Verteidigern der Demokratie künftig vielleicht nicht respektiert werden, weil sie nicht gefallen.
Bundesweit wird jetzt zu «Brandmauer-Demos» aufgerufen, die CDU gerät unter Druck und es wird von Übergriffen auf Parteibüros und Drohungen gegen Mitarbeiter berichtet. Sicherheitsbehörden warnen vor Eskalationen, die Polizei sei «für ein mögliches erhöhtes Aufkommen von Straftaten gegenüber Politikern und gegen Parteigebäude sensibilisiert».
Der Vorwand «unzulässiger Einflussnahme» auf Politik und Wahlen wird als Argument schon seit einiger Zeit aufgebaut. Der Manipulation schuldig befunden wird neben Putin und Trump auch Elon Musk, was lustigerweise ausgerechnet Bill Gates gerade noch einmal bekräftigt und als «völlig irre» bezeichnet hat. Man stelle sich die Diskussionen um die Gültigkeit von Wahlergebnissen vor, wenn es Online-Verfahren zur Stimmabgabe gäbe. In der Schweiz wird «E-Voting» seit einigen Jahren getestet, aber wohl bisher mit wenig Erfolg.
Die politische Brandstiftung der letzten Jahre zahlt sich immer mehr aus. Anstatt dringende Probleme der Menschen zu lösen – zu denen auch in Deutschland die weit verbreitete Armut zählt –, hat die Politik konsequent polarisiert und sich auf Ausgrenzung und Verhöhnung großer Teile der Bevölkerung konzentriert. Basierend auf Ideologie und Lügen werden abweichende Stimmen unterdrückt und kriminalisiert, nicht nur und nicht erst in diesem Augenblick. Die nächsten Wochen dürften ausgesprochen spannend werden.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 6ad08392:ea301584
2025-05-12 20:22:09Satlantis is here!
Well…sort of. It’s a little pre-mature, but it’s good enough for you to play around with. I wouldn’t necessarily call it super ‘useful’ right now but I wanted you to get an early glimpse into what we’re building so you can see how it evolves over time.
And besides - we have to release a first version at some stage!
Satlantis is the first travel-centric social network. It’s quite different from anything else that came before it. It’s part map, part directory, part events app and part social network.
It really is a monumental undertaking - but I’m convinced now is the time to build it. People are ready for something new. They are tired of the algorithmic slop social media has become. They’re craving real connection and they want to see, touch, smell, hear and taste the world. What better way to help them do that, than with a network that connects them, andhelps enhance their discovery of places, experiences and events that are relevant to them (based both on their interests and social connections).
That’s what this product is all about. We’re going to do what Google Maps, Yelp, Instagram, TripAdvisor etc. are all partially doing - but make it 10x better.
The first Satlantis app is now available on Apple Testflight or the Google Play store. In the coming month or two, we will make Satlantis accessible via invitation-only, to increase the quality of connection and discourse on the app, but if you’re reading this now, you’re in before we gate it, you can explore and give us some feedback while we work on it.
I will write release notes like this every couple weeks covering what we built, what to test and play with, what’s working, what needs improvement, what’s downright shit or broken and what’s coming in the next release. (This first one is the longest because I delayed it so much.)
I’d love to hear your feedback, and if you find this interesting, please share it around so other people find out about what we’re building!
The Good
Mobile AppWe got a version out, and you can actually use it.
Nostr Compatible.
Every single account on Satlantis is an nPub. You can log into Satlantis using your nSec (not your nPub - we forgot to include that...lol), and you will find your entire social network and all of your posts there (if they are media notes). On the Web, you need to use an extension, like Alby or Keys.band. On mobile you can paste your key (stored locally on the device).
Normie Friendly.
We also built a smooth non-nostr focused sign up flow. We originally used the nSec bunker, but that was a mess (love u Pablo). So we built our own nSec bunker, but that sucked too. Passwords are old school. After interviewing 100 people not into Bitcoin or Nostr, 95% of them preferred us to store their key. So…we took that feedback and created a really easy email + magic link, Google and Apple SSO sign up flow, that creates an account and Nostr keypair that we store on their behalf, encrypted.
If and when people work out what Nostr is and they want to take custody of their key, they will be able to export their key, and request deletion of their key from our DB.
Is this the most ‘pure’ solution? No. Does this mean they have to trust us? Sure. Could we do it better at some point? Yes, of course. But considering the number of mission critical features we need to build, we’ll come back to it later.
We currently only support Kind 1 events.
Well…we also support NIP-52 calendar events, but we’ve disconnected that for the time being because event organisers wanted co-hosts more than they wanted to broadcast their events on Nostr. We’re working on a way to reconcile the two. For now, post text & images. (Video coming soon).
Interest-centric onboarding.
We spent a lot of time building this. One of the key pillars at Satlantis is discovering people, places, events and content suited to you. As we dug down the personalisation rabbithole, we found that there is a resurgence of interest-selection in many apps: from Tinder to new apps like Locals and Timeleft. The more focused on personalisation the app is, the more in-depth the onboarding.
Of course Meta and TikTok do the best personalisation with their advanced ML & AI tools, along with their deep social graphs, but since we have neither (Nostr helps but it’s still very small), we needed a better way.
So we decided to build our interest-graph. It was brain-melting, but we developed a pretty exhaustive set of interests relevant to people in our target market. We then took that list and associated it to events, merchants, people, places, experiences, activities and content. We then built a whole new onboarding flow to capture this from new users, and associate it to their accounts. (Yes - at some stage, we’ll make this Nostr compatible so it can travel with nPubs)
The net result is a base layer of insight we can use to help surface things that are of interest to users. Whether it’s an event, a place to eat, a gym or sauna, content to engage with or people to meet: like magic, things that are relevant to you will come to you.
Of course, in the long term we will use your social graph and the way you interact with content to do this - more like Meta and TikTok do - but for now, while the social graph is tiny, this is the most efficient and effective way.
Final word: the current version has all the interests - but it’s not very user-friendly. The latest design fixes that by grouping the interests into better subcategories. Keep an eye on that in a subsequent release.
New Merchant Discovery Experience.
This was also a monumental task. Our first merchant experience was just a shitty map with a list on web, and just a list on mobile (see below). This list was ranked by an “aggregate rating” we computed by analysing all the venue’s ratings from apps like Google, Trip Advisor and more.
We spent a long time trying to figure out how to display this better and do it in a way nobody else is, because seriously -can you think of a single food app or merchant map out there which has a nice UI or UX? No.
AirBnB transformed the UI & UX for accommodation and pushed the whole space forward. Nobody has really done it for every other kind of place you go to. So we took it up ourselves to fix this and create a proper “merchant discovery experience” with an information-dense location tile. Check this out:
Notice how we managed to get all the key information you need about a place there on the one tile, including who in your social circle has recommended it. That’s the key ingredient which makes Satlantis special. No more messaging friends or people you know “hey - have you been to that place” or “do you recommend that place”?
One small issue here is that this upgrade will kill the map…but only for a couple weeks, until we release the new map view!
Merchant coverage
Our merchant app covers SIX distinct categories:
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Cafes & Restaurants
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Health & Wellness (think Gyms, Spas, Saunas, etc)
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Attractions (from Museums, to lookouts to beaches & hikes)
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Grocery & Specialty Foods (think Organic food store, farmers markets, etc)
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Coworking & Event Spaces
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Nightlife (Bars, Clubs, etc)
We scoured the web for the best curated lists and directories for each of these categories. This in Bitcoin accepted (everything relevant from BTCMaps - because we’re also built on Open Street Maps, so it’s synced up), Seed Oil Free (everything from Local Fats & Seed Oil Scout is here), Michelin Star rated, Real Milk (Raw Milk directory) and more.
Alongside all of these directories, our network of local ambassadors have submitted their top local picks for their favorite cities, so you have real local recommendations.
The destinations with the best maps are currently Canggu, Uvita, Prague, Sao Paulo, Dubai, Florianópolis.
Suggest Places & Merchants
This is working quite nicely. Anyone, anywhere can now suggest their favorite merchant. For now, we’re manually approving submissions daily to avoid spam and irrelevant shit. In time, we’ll find a better way to do this.
It’s all plugged into the Google API, so you can just type in the name of the place you think should be added (from mobile or web here). Once approved, our AI pipeline goes to work gathering all the available data from Google, TripAdvisor and elsewhere to set up the merchant profile, complete with review summaries, images, profile bio, contact details, opening hours, tags and more.
Got more upgrades to this flow in the works, but it’s ready for you to try out now.
City Pages
The current city pages are part of an outdated design which doesn’t fit our new visual language, but they are a ‘live’ feature. The original idea was to blend elements of Pinterest and Instagram but it backfired so we are changing to a more slick one-column feed. That being said, the core features of the city pages work. You can:
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Join a city (like joining a community or following the page)
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Post content on the city page
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Navigate over to the different available pages, including merchants, events, scores and stats + facts
We have 80 cities currently available. More to come.
Scores, Stats & Facts
When we set out to first build Satlantis, we wanted to improve on the information NomadList was presenting for cities & destinations around the world. So we developed a different approach for city scoring based not only on data we could get from Numbeo, etc - but also information direct from people on the ground - in particular; expats and locals.
We put together a set of score categories and created a dedicated survey for select people to fill out, which would create some “foundation” scores, with a view to have this survey available to the crowd, perhaps via a score voting system or some sort on the page. We haven’t got that far yet. Right now, we have foundation scores for each of those 80 active cities, along with key Stats and Facts, like cost of living, wifi speed, water drinkability, and more:
This is not a core feature for us, so we will look to partner with other providers to enhance the experience, or we’ll completely re-think how we’re going to do it. Stay tuned for more here and let me know if you find it useful at all right now (or not).
Events
Last but not least, we have events! God dammit this was annoying because we built it NIP-52 compatible in the beginning, which then limited what we could do with co-hosts and other essential event features. And all for nothing since there are no other well built or maintained calendar-event clients on Nostr anyway.
So right now, when you post an event on Satlantis, it will post only on Satlantis. This means that as a host, you can edit, add co-hosts, add locations (proper merchant tiles) and delete.
We will make this Nostr-compatible again, most likely with some sort of button for hosts to “broadcast this event to Nostr” - knowing they will lose some flexibility once they do - but we need to do more research here. Maybe we’ll propose an upgrade to the calendar event NIP (or propose a new NIP altogether). It’s on our roadmap, so we’ll do our best to get to it soon.
Meetup integration.
We’ve been working with the Meetup API to let organizers quickly import their events into Satlantis. It’s been frustratingly complex because of how archaic they are, but we got it working!
🚀 If you run a Meetup, and want to automatically have your events listed on Satlantis when you list them on meetup,reach out! We’ll even cover the Meetup membership fee for 10 meetup groups who set up auto-importing for their events. If you’re interested, reach out to us.
The Bad
These things are currently bad, broken, incorrectly built or buggy. Believe me, if the list was exhaustive, this essay would be a book (our internal list is very full) - so I’m just going to touch on the main things we’re aware of and will be fixing…or just letting it burn slowly while we put out other fires.
Personal content feed
We started Satlantis with a media-only approach, taking inspiration from Instagram. We changed course a couple months ago to support text only posts, realizing there were a lot of other things people would like to post about travel, for example: guides, restaurants, reviews, tips, events, instructions, recommendations.
So…we started supporting this on the feed, and in the “post content” flow - but of course, not yet supported in the Profile view (which is still an image grid). This means if you post text only, you’re not going to see your own post on Satlantis 🤣🤣
To fix this, we’re building a “personal feed” section on your profile. But…that will come after we polish some of the things above, so if you’re posting on Satlantis right now, photos please!!
Video content
This one hurts too. We currently neither render videos from other clients, nor do we support video uploads on Satlantis. Not because we don’t want to, but because we haven’t got to it. This is high on the priority list and will be fixed in the upcoming releases.
Settings & Edit profile
We forgot to add “edit username” 🤣
This is being added now, along with a settings section where you can get your nPub and things like that. We’ll keep it very basic for now.
Notifications
Holy crap. These really suck. There is no other way to put it. The design is not great, the experience is buggy as hell and syncing notifications from the broader Nostr network doesn’t make life any easier. We’ll be making incremental improvements here (for a long time I guess).
Limited social graph functionality.
Right now, there’s not much social-dynamics beyond the feed. This will expand and begin to influence more than just content, but also merchants, events, people, activities, etc.
Speed issues.
Feed and profile loading times are sluggish and need performance improvements. Ongoing.
Large Destinations are problematic.
How do you rate a massive city like São Paulo as a single entity? Well….you can’t. Eventually, we’ll break major cities into regions, but that’s a big project for later.
For now, when you see scores, stats and facts, assume we’re covering the most relevant traveler-friendly areas (e.g., Jardins in São Paulo, Palermo in Buenos Aires, etc).
The Ugly
There is really only one new ‘feature’ to complete before we apply a feature freeze and continue on to polish everything. This and the other items listed will be available in the next release or two, so that the overall experience is a little more…beautiful.
Chat.
We wanted to do NIP-17, but considering that (a) most of the major apps are still NIP-04, (b) BTCPrague is around the corner and (c) limited resources, we chose to do a NIP-04 implementation for this first version. Not ideal, but good enough. Chat will continue to improve, not only with a NIP-17 upgrade, but with other features like chat folders, group chats, GIFs and more.
Polish List
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Merchant Experience: Web and mobile updates
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Merchant List: More cool places being uploaded
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Events: New display, RSVP flow, co-host notifications, merchant integration
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Onboarding: Updated interests tags & flow
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Scores: Updates to Cost of Living & overall score weights
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Notifications: A lot of improvement here
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Feed: Text only posts, video uploads & rendering videos from other clients
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City Page: New design and functionalities
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Zaps: Yes. We will have Zaps.
Final Words
We have our work cut out for us!
We will be at BTCPrague in June and we are committed to releasing all of these features and components by then…as polished as possible.
The team and I have a couple of asks:
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Download the app, and either create a new account or if you’re on Nostr, log in with your existing Nostr key (web requires an extension like Alby)
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Go through the interests, and select those that are most relevant to you. The magic of the app happens as a function of how accurately you select those.
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Post some content! Could be a photo introducing yourself or a “Good Morning” or whatever. Make sure you tag @Satlantis or @Svetski and I’ll boost you.
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Check out the merchants in the top cities & see what’s around. The city with the most merchants right now is Florianopolis, but we have some coverage in many other cities
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If you run a meetup or attend a regular Bitcoin meetup, let the organisers know, and let’s start to bring meetups and events across. Not asking anyone to ‘leave’ meetup now, but come and sync up your account so events are auto-published. \ As we make the events feature more robust (and Bitcoin native), every Bitcoin meetup in the world is going to want to come use this. If you’re early, you can help us shape it!
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Let a couple of friends know about the app - ideally those who are not yet on Nostr - and ask them to try it out. They can sign up with email or SSO if they’re afraid to store their own key.
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Like I said in the beginning, at some point in the next month or so, it will become an invite-only app. We will grandfather all existing users in, but new people will need an invite code (from existing users or via codes I drop into release notes and articles) to access it. \ \ The goal of this approach is to (a) increase the quality of connection amongst people on Satlantis, and (b) try a new way of growing a Nostr-based app.
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Finally…we’ve decided to do an equity crowdfund. So if you find what we’re doing interesting and want to be a part of it, you’ll have a chance from June onwards. More to follow on this in the coming weeks. It will be on Timestamp Financial - Bitcoin crowdfunding platform - so go check them out.
Thank you again for your attention - I do not take it lightly. This is just the start, so expect to see ALOT more from us in the way of updates and shipping (plus these updates will be shooter).
Make sure you subscribe to this newsletter if you’re reading on Substack, or follow me if you’re on Nostr, Medium or wherever else you’re reading it.
Aleksandar Svetski
Thanks for reading Social 2.0! Subscribe for free to receive new posts & stay up to date with what we’re building & learning along the way.
When the app goes into “Invite Only” mode, you will need a special invite code to access it, unless you’ve already got an account. For now, it’s open access.
If you're already on Nostr, you're already on Satlantis. Just use an extension to securely log in with your nSec (on web), or with your nSec on mobile.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-01-24 20:59:01Menschen tun alles, egal wie absurd, \ um ihrer eigenen Seele nicht zu begegnen. \ Carl Gustav Jung
«Extremer Reichtum ist eine Gefahr für die Demokratie», sagen über die Hälfte der knapp 3000 befragten Millionäre aus G20-Staaten laut einer Umfrage der «Patriotic Millionaires». Ferner stellte dieser Zusammenschluss wohlhabender US-Amerikaner fest, dass 63 Prozent jener Millionäre den Einfluss von Superreichen auf US-Präsident Trump als Bedrohung für die globale Stabilität ansehen.
Diese Besorgnis haben 370 Millionäre und Milliardäre am Dienstag auch den in Davos beim WEF konzentrierten Privilegierten aus aller Welt übermittelt. In einem offenen Brief forderten sie die «gewählten Führer» auf, die Superreichen – also sie selbst – zu besteuern, um «die zersetzenden Auswirkungen des extremen Reichtums auf unsere Demokratien und die Gesellschaft zu bekämpfen». Zum Beispiel kontrolliere eine handvoll extrem reicher Menschen die Medien, beeinflusse die Rechtssysteme in unzulässiger Weise und verwandele Recht in Unrecht.
Schon 2019 beanstandete der bekannte Historiker und Schriftsteller Ruthger Bregman an einer WEF-Podiumsdiskussion die Steuervermeidung der Superreichen. Die elitäre Veranstaltung bezeichnete er als «Feuerwehr-Konferenz, bei der man nicht über Löschwasser sprechen darf.» Daraufhin erhielt Bregman keine Einladungen nach Davos mehr. Auf seine Aussagen machte der Schweizer Aktivist Alec Gagneux aufmerksam, der sich seit Jahrzehnten kritisch mit dem WEF befasst. Ihm wurde kürzlich der Zutritt zu einem dreiteiligen Kurs über das WEF an der Volkshochschule Region Brugg verwehrt.
Nun ist die Erkenntnis, dass mit Geld politischer Einfluss einhergeht, alles andere als neu. Und extremer Reichtum macht die Sache nicht wirklich besser. Trotzdem hat man über Initiativen wie Patriotic Millionaires oder Taxmenow bisher eher selten etwas gehört, obwohl es sie schon lange gibt. Auch scheint es kein Problem, wenn ein Herr Gates fast im Alleingang versucht, globale Gesundheits-, Klima-, Ernährungs- oder Bevölkerungspolitik zu betreiben – im Gegenteil. Im Jahr, als der Milliardär Donald Trump zum zweiten Mal ins Weiße Haus einzieht, ist das Echo in den Gesinnungsmedien dagegen enorm – und uniform, wer hätte das gedacht.
Der neue US-Präsident hat jedoch «Davos geerdet», wie Achgut es nannte. In seiner kurzen Rede beim Weltwirtschaftsforum verteidigte er seine Politik und stellte klar, er habe schlicht eine «Revolution des gesunden Menschenverstands» begonnen. Mit deutlichen Worten sprach er unter anderem von ersten Maßnahmen gegen den «Green New Scam», und von einem «Erlass, der jegliche staatliche Zensur beendet»:
«Unsere Regierung wird die Äußerungen unserer eigenen Bürger nicht mehr als Fehlinformation oder Desinformation bezeichnen, was die Lieblingswörter von Zensoren und derer sind, die den freien Austausch von Ideen und, offen gesagt, den Fortschritt verhindern wollen.»
Wie der «Trumpismus» letztlich einzuordnen ist, muss jeder für sich selbst entscheiden. Skepsis ist definitiv angebracht, denn «einer von uns» sind weder der Präsident noch seine auserwählten Teammitglieder. Ob sie irgendeinen Sumpf trockenlegen oder Staatsverbrechen aufdecken werden oder was aus WHO- und Klimaverträgen wird, bleibt abzuwarten.
Das WHO-Dekret fordert jedenfalls die Übertragung der Gelder auf «glaubwürdige Partner», die die Aktivitäten übernehmen könnten. Zufällig scheint mit «Impfguru» Bill Gates ein weiterer Harris-Unterstützer kürzlich das Lager gewechselt zu haben: Nach einem gemeinsamen Abendessen zeigte er sich «beeindruckt» von Trumps Interesse an der globalen Gesundheit.
Mit dem Projekt «Stargate» sind weitere dunkle Wolken am Erwartungshorizont der Fangemeinde aufgezogen. Trump hat dieses Joint Venture zwischen den Konzernen OpenAI, Oracle, und SoftBank als das «größte KI-Infrastrukturprojekt der Geschichte» angekündigt. Der Stein des Anstoßes: Oracle-CEO Larry Ellison, der auch Fan von KI-gestützter Echtzeit-Überwachung ist, sieht einen weiteren potenziellen Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz. Sie könne dazu dienen, Krebserkrankungen zu erkennen und individuelle mRNA-«Impfstoffe» zur Behandlung innerhalb von 48 Stunden zu entwickeln.
Warum bitte sollten sich diese superreichen «Eliten» ins eigene Fleisch schneiden und direkt entgegen ihren eigenen Interessen handeln? Weil sie Menschenfreunde, sogenannte Philanthropen sind? Oder vielleicht, weil sie ein schlechtes Gewissen haben und ihre Schuld kompensieren müssen? Deswegen jedenfalls brauchen «Linke» laut Robert Willacker, einem deutschen Politikberater mit brasilianischen Wurzeln, rechte Parteien – ein ebenso überraschender wie humorvoller Erklärungsansatz.
Wenn eine Krähe der anderen kein Auge aushackt, dann tut sie das sich selbst noch weniger an. Dass Millionäre ernsthaft ihre eigene Besteuerung fordern oder Machteliten ihren eigenen Einfluss zugunsten anderer einschränken würden, halte ich für sehr unwahrscheinlich. So etwas glaube ich erst, wenn zum Beispiel die Rüstungsindustrie sich um Friedensverhandlungen bemüht, die Pharmalobby sich gegen institutionalisierte Korruption einsetzt, Zentralbanken ihre CBDC-Pläne für Bitcoin opfern oder der ÖRR die Abschaffung der Rundfunkgebühren fordert.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 6c05c73e:c4356f17
2025-05-12 20:05:36Já pensou em investir no Brasil, mas se sentiu intimidado pela volatilidade da Bovespa e as notícias de escândalos? E se eu te dissesse que existe uma maneira de expor seu portfólio ao mercado brasileiro, investindo em dólar, diretamente da bolsa de valores de Nova York?
Bem-vindo ao mundo do EWZ, o ETF (Exchange Traded Fund) que replica o índice MSCI Brazil 25/50, oferecendo uma janela para as maiores e médias empresas do Brasil. Se você está buscando diversificar seus investimentos e explorar mercados emergentes, o EWZ pode ser a sua resposta.
O Que Exatamente é o EWZ?
O EWZ é o ticker symbol do iShares MSCI Brazil ETF. Pense nele como um pacote de ações brasileiras negociado na bolsa de valores americana. Ele espelha o desempenho do índice MSCI Brazil 25/50, o que significa que, ao investir no EWZ, você está, indiretamente, investindo em uma cesta diversificada das principais empresas do Brasil.
Por Que Investir no Brasil via ETF?
Você já pensou em investir no Brasil? Mas ouve sempre falar desses riscos da Bovespa e vários escândalos?
Portanto, saiba que existe uma forma de investir no Brasil em dólar. Usando a bolsa de valores de Nova Iorque. Isso mesmo, você pode abrir uma conta em corretora estrangeira e investir no Brasil via ETF.
O ETF que replica a Bovespa (Bolsa de valores de São Paulo) é o EWZ. Esse índice replica o Ibovespa e reflete nele o peso das maiores empresas brasileiras, tais como:
- Diversificação em Dólar: Invista em empresas brasileiras sem precisar se preocupar com a flutuação do real. Seus investimentos são feitos em dólar, protegendo você das variações cambiais.
- Acesso Facilitado: Negocie o EWZ diretamente da sua corretora americana, sem a necessidade de abrir contas no Brasil ou lidar com burocracias locais.
- Diversificação Instantânea: Ao comprar EWZ, você está comprando uma fatia de várias empresas líderes no Brasil, reduzindo o risco de concentrar seus investimentos em uma única empresa ou setor.
Números Que Falam Por Si
Vamos aos dados concretos que mostram a solidez do EWZ:
- Taxa de Administração: 0.59% a.a.
- Patrimônio Líquido Sob Gestão: $3.6 bilhões em ativos. Isso indica uma boa popularidade do ativo.
- Volume de negociação diário: Em média $24 milhões, o que garante boa liquidez e baixas taxas.
- Dividendos: 7.33% a.a. Distribuído semestralmente.
Qualitativo
- Com mais de 200 milhões de habitantes, o Brasil tem um dos maiores mercados consumidores do mundo. Isso representa uma demanda interna robusta e potencial para uma vasta gama de produtos e serviços.
- O país é extremamente rico em recursos naturais, incluindo minérios (ferro, bauxita, etc.), petróleo, gás natural e vastas áreas agricultáveis. Além disso, tem um potencial enorme e já desenvolvido em energias renováveis (hídrica, solar, eólica, biomassa).
- O Brasil é um líder global na produção e exportação de diversos produtos agrícolas (soja, milho, café, açúcar, carne bovina, frango). Há contínuo potencial para ganhos de produtividade e agregação de valor na cadeia.
- O Brasil desenvolveu um ecossistema de startups vibrante, especialmente no setor de fintechs, onde é referência global em inovação (ex: Pix, Open Banking). Há também crescimento em agrotechs, healthtechs e outras áreas. O grande mercado consumidor digital impulsiona esse setor.
Técnica
- O ativo teve uma queda vertiginosa. No entanto, desde Dezembro de 2024 vem apresentando uma melhora no comportamento. Isso, pode sugerir que há uma boa margem para comprar com "desconto". Visto que, o volume comprador tem sido intenso desde o inicío de Abril de 2025.
FAQ
O que significa a sigla EWZ?
A sigla EWZ é o ticker symbol (código de negociação em bolsa) do iShares MSCI Brazil ETF.
Portanto, EWZ não é uma sigla de um nome por extenso, mas sim o código usado para identificar e negociar este fundo específico (ETF) nas bolsas de valores dos Estados Unidos (como a NYSE Arca). Este ETF busca replicar o desempenho do índice MSCI Brazil 25/50, que representa as maiores e médias empresas brasileiras.
Qual é a composição do EWZ?
AS 10 Maiores Posições (na data de hoje):
- Nu Holdings (NU): \~9.3% - 9.8% (Setor Financeiro)
- Vale (VALE3): \~8.5% - 9.5% (Setor de Materiais)
- Itaú Unibanco (ITUB4): \~7.9% - 8.6% (Setor Financeiro)
- Petrobras PN (PETR4): \~6.2% - 8.0% (Setor de Energia)
- Petrobras ON (PETR3): \~5.5% - 7.3% (Setor de Energia)
- WEG (WEGE3): \~3.9% - 4.2% (Setor Industrial)
- B3 (B3SA3): \~3.4% - 3.7% (Setor Financeiro)
- Banco Bradesco (BBDC4): \~3.0% - 3.6% (Setor Financeiro)
- Ambev (ABEV3): \~2.9% - 3.4% (Setor de Consumo Essencial/Staples)
- Sabesp (SBSP3) ou Eletrobras (ELET3): Geralmente na 10ª posição, com peso entre \~2.5% - 2.8% (Setor de Utilidade Pública)
Sobre nós
Investir não precisa ser um bicho de sete cabeças! Na Threedolar, democratizamos o acesso ao mundo dos investimentos, oferecendo conteúdo claro e prático. Comece hoje mesmo a construir seu futuro financeiro!
Disclaimer
Nada do que eu escrever aqui é recomendação de investimentos ou chamada para compra e venda. Tire suas próprias conclusões e veja o que é melhor para você. Resultados passados não são garantia de resultados futuros. Cuide do seu dinheiro, pois ninguém o fará para você.
Referências
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-01-18 09:34:51Die grauenvollste Aussicht ist die der Technokratie – \ einer kontrollierenden Herrschaft, \ die durch verstümmelte und verstümmelnde Geister ausgeübt wird. \ Ernst Jünger
«Davos ist nicht mehr sexy», das Weltwirtschaftsforum (WEF) mache Davos kaputt, diese Aussagen eines Einheimischen las ich kürzlich in der Handelszeitung. Während sich einige vor Ort enorm an der «teuersten Gewerbeausstellung der Welt» bereicherten, würden die negativen Begleiterscheinungen wie Wohnungsnot und Niedergang der lokalen Wirtschaft immer deutlicher.
Nächsten Montag beginnt in dem Schweizer Bergdorf erneut ein Jahrestreffen dieses elitären Clubs der Konzerne, bei dem man mit hochrangigen Politikern aus aller Welt und ausgewählten Vertretern der Systemmedien zusammenhocken wird. Wie bereits in den vergangenen vier Jahren wird die Präsidentin der EU-Kommission, Ursula von der Leyen, in Begleitung von Klaus Schwab ihre Grundsatzansprache halten.
Der deutsche WEF-Gründer hatte bei dieser Gelegenheit immer höchst lobende Worte für seine Landsmännin: 2021 erklärte er sich «stolz, dass Europa wieder unter Ihrer Führung steht» und 2022 fand er es bemerkenswert, was sie erreicht habe angesichts des «erstaunlichen Wandels», den die Welt in den vorangegangenen zwei Jahren erlebt habe; es gebe nun einen «neuen europäischen Geist».
Von der Leyens Handeln während der sogenannten Corona-«Pandemie» lobte Schwab damals bereits ebenso, wie es diese Woche das Karlspreis-Direktorium tat, als man der Beschuldigten im Fall Pfizergate die diesjährige internationale Auszeichnung «für Verdienste um die europäische Einigung» verlieh. Außerdem habe sie die EU nicht nur gegen den «Aggressor Russland», sondern auch gegen die «innere Bedrohung durch Rassisten und Demagogen» sowie gegen den Klimawandel verteidigt.
Jene Herausforderungen durch «Krisen epochalen Ausmaßes» werden indes aus dem Umfeld des WEF nicht nur herbeigeredet – wie man alljährlich zur Zeit des Davoser Treffens im Global Risks Report nachlesen kann, der zusammen mit dem Versicherungskonzern Zurich erstellt wird. Seit die Globalisten 2020/21 in der Praxis gesehen haben, wie gut eine konzertierte und konsequente Angst-Kampagne funktionieren kann, geht es Schlag auf Schlag. Sie setzen alles daran, Schwabs goldenes Zeitfenster des «Great Reset» zu nutzen.
Ziel dieses «großen Umbruchs» ist die totale Kontrolle der Technokraten über die Menschen unter dem Deckmantel einer globalen Gesundheitsfürsorge. Wie aber könnte man so etwas erreichen? Ein Mittel dazu ist die «kreative Zerstörung». Weitere unabdingbare Werkzeug sind die Einbindung, ja Gleichschaltung der Medien und der Justiz.
Ein «Great Mental Reset» sei die Voraussetzung dafür, dass ein Großteil der Menschen Einschränkungen und Manipulationen wie durch die Corona-Maßnahmen praktisch kritik- und widerstandslos hinnehme, sagt der Mediziner und Molekulargenetiker Michael Nehls. Er meint damit eine regelrechte Umprogrammierung des Gehirns, wodurch nach und nach unsere Individualität und unser soziales Bewusstsein eliminiert und durch unreflektierten Konformismus ersetzt werden.
Der aktuelle Zustand unserer Gesellschaften ist auch für den Schweizer Rechtsanwalt Philipp Kruse alarmierend. Durch den Umgang mit der «Pandemie» sieht er die Grundlagen von Recht und Vernunft erschüttert, die Rechtsstaatlichkeit stehe auf dem Prüfstand. Seiner dringenden Mahnung an alle Bürger, die Prinzipien von Recht und Freiheit zu verteidigen, kann ich mich nur anschließen.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8
2025-05-12 16:52:30Wo sind der 1. Stock, das Erdgeschoss und der Keller? Das Dach ist noch zu bauen. Das Haus zum unerklärlichen Krieg ist unfertig. Der Bau wurde schon viel früher begonnen, aber die westlichen Medien behaupten das Gegenteil oder verschweigen es. Eine Vorgeschichte darf es nicht geben.
Am Ukraine-Krieg sieht man, dass ein Konflikt, der entgegen den Behauptungen der Propaganda-Maschine nicht erst im Februar 2022 angefangen hat, wie lange es dauert, bis wieder Verhältnisse zustande kommen, die eine Befriedung ermöglichen. Das Ringen darum ist hoffentlich endlich in die Zielgerade eingelaufen und man findet besser gestern als heute eine Lösung. So viele Menschenleben auf beiden Seiten hat dieser Wahnsinn bislang gekostet. Am Ende, wofür? Die Verwirrung bleibt bis zuletzt, denn einerseits treibt der US-amerikanische Präsident die Friedensbemühungen maßgeblich voran, andererseits werden von US-amerikanischer Seite mutmaßlich die Waffenlieferungen fortgesetzt und Starlink nicht abgeschaltet, was erheblich zum abrupten Beenden des sinnlosen Sterbens beitragen würde.
Verträge sind zu erfüllen? Sicherung der US-amerikanischen Interessen? Druckmittel auf Russland? Und Europa? Europa, vor allem Deutschland, Frankreich und Großbritannien geben weiterhin den Geisterfahrer und haben immer noch nicht mitbekommen, dass sie in der Beilegung des Ukraine-Kriegs nicht das geringste zu sagen haben. Sie spielen sich aber auf, als hätten sie und machen „einen auf dicke Hose“. Murmeln werden als Eier verkauft.
Etwas aus dem Fokus der Neuen Medien gerät dabei der immer noch wütende Krieg im Gaza-Streifen mit einer israelischen Planier-Raupe, dessen Vorgeschichte noch länger ist, als die, die zum Ukraine-Krieg geführt hat. Rund 80 Jahre, aber auch hier eigentlich noch länger. Man kann sich vorstellen, wie lange es hier dauern wird, bis sich sichere, friedliche Verhältnisse einstellen können.
Wer kann sicher sein, wer nimmt sich das Recht heraus zu behaupten, wer entscheidet darüber, dass sich Zustände, wie im 3. Reich, die Verfolgung und Vernichtung einer Minderheit, damals die Juden, nicht wiederholen kann? Seitdem das geschehen ist, hat sich der Großteil der Menschheit keinen Millimeter weiterentwickelt.
Wenn gerade Deutsche Anzeichen für eine Wiederholung dieser tief-dunklen Zeit zu erkennen glauben, derzeit in dem, wie der israelische Staat mit dem Gaza-Streifen verfährt, dann ist das keine Verharmlosung der Gräueltaten im 3. Reich, sondern der Beweis dafür, dass es doch einige gibt, die aus der Geschichte gelernt haben, und die der Meinung sind, dass sich so etwas niemals mehr wiederholen darf.
Um auf einen Genozid hinzuweisen, muss jeder Vergleich möglich und erlaubt sein. Es geht um eine Mehrzahl von Menschen, von Familien, die einfach nur in Frieden leben wollen! Ungeachtet der Tatsache, dass es auf beiden Seiten Kräfte gibt, die das nicht interessiert.
Besonders tragisch wird es, wenn dieser Genozid augenscheinlich ausgerechnet von denen ausgeht, die selbst so schrecklich davon betroffen waren.
Wie kann sich der deutsche Staat erdreisten, diejenigen als Anti-Semiten zu bezeichnen, die hier Merkmale eines Genozids zu erkennen glauben und versuchen, diese kritischen Stimmen zu unterdrücken, „nur“, weil es sich um den Staat Israel handelt, der hier als Täter infrage kommt. Auch der Staat Israel hat keinen Freibrief, die Bevölkerung im Gaza-Streifen nach seinen Vorstellungen und Überzeugungen abzurasieren.
Ein Genozid ist ein Genozid, egal von welcher Regierung eines Landes er begangen wird.
Der Staat Israel ist keine Ausnahme! Im Gegenteil. Aufgrund der Erfahrung seines Volkes müsste es die Menschlichkeit gebieten, dass derartiger Völkermord nie wieder geschieht.
Weiter müsste der Begriff Anti-Semitismus einmal genau unter die Lupe genommen werden, was wer aus welchen Gründen darunter versteht. Man kann den Eindruck gewinnen, dass dieser Begriff vor allem als Totschlagargument verwendet wird, um kritische Stimmen mundtot zu machen. Besonders bei diesem heiklen Thema wäre absolute Akkuratesse dringend notwendig.
Es ist die Pflicht eines jeden, der Kritik an den Zuständen üben will, nicht zu verallgemeinern.
Nicht alle israelischen Staatsbürger sind Netanjahu-Anhänger (das zeigen die Demonstrationen), nicht alle Juden sind Zionisten, nicht einmal alle Zionisten sind Juden.
Und sicher sind auf der Gaza-Seite ebenfalls nicht nur „Engel“ unterwegs!
Beide Lager haben rund 80 Jahre Zeit gehabt, den gegenseitigen Hass durch gegenseitige Provokationen aufzubauen und ihn immer wieder sich entladen zu lassen.
Dieser unermessliche Hass kann nur über Generationen hinweg wieder abgebaut werden.
Wenn es jemals eine ernste Absicht gegeben hätte, eine 2-Staaten-Lösung zu realisieren, wäre diese schon längst in die Tat umgesetzt worden. Wenn jedoch der politische Wille dazu fehlt, vor allem auf der Seite des Stärkeren, passiert gar nichts. Und der fehlt jetzt schon seit rund 80 Jahren.
Maßgeblich durch die Briten ist der Staat Israel künstlich entstanden. Die Ableitung der Nutznießer auf einen Gebietsanspruch aus einem Glauben heraus, ist einmalig.
In dem nicht natürlich entstandenen, sondern künstlich geschaffenen Staatsgebilde liegt möglicherweise die Wurzel allen Übels, die von langer Hand, spätestens durch die Balfour-Deklaration im Jahre 1917 ihren Anfang genommen hat.
Man hat nun Jahrzehnte lang Zeit gehabt, zu beobachten, dass dieses Konstrukt ein sicheres Leben und eine Garantie für friedliche Verhältnisse aller nicht zustande gebracht hat. Schmerzliche Erfahrungen auf beiden Seiten haben bislang nicht dazu geführt, dass man zu der Einsicht gekommen wäre, dass man sich möglicherweise auf dem Holzweg befindet.
Die verfeindeten Lager müssten sich, neutral moderiert (welcher Staat, welcher Mensch ist heute noch neutral, oder zumindest kein Interessenvertreter?), zusammensetzen und sich in sicher nicht einfachen, langwierigen, zähen Gesprächen und Verhandlungen über die Neugründung eines gemeinsamen Staates für alle Beteiligten ernsthaft nachdenken, solange, bis es zu einer Einigung gekommen wäre, die für alle Beteiligten akzeptabel ist. Das Ergebnis, eine gemeinsame Staatenlösung, müsste das erklärte Ziel sein und wenn es noch so lange dauern würde.
Das Mitspracherecht müsste nach Bevölkerungsanteil in einem gerechten Verhältnis festgelegt werden. So müssten kleinere Anteile verhältnismäßig mehr Stimmanteile haben, als der größere Anteil, um zu möglichst für alle gerechten Entscheidungen zu gelangen, die alle Beteiligten mittragen könnten. Ein Vorankommen wäre nur durch Vernunft, nicht durch Starrsinn möglich.
Aufgrund der hitzigen Mentalität aller Beteiligten müssten beide Lager auf Gedeih und Verderb voneinander abhängig gemacht werden, sodass ein friedliches Zusammenraufen immer wieder nötig wäre, weil niemand in der Lage wäre, die Oberhand zu gewinnen.
Es müssten gegenseitige Abhängigkeiten geschaffen werden. So könnten zum Beispiel Lieferungen von Lebensmitteln, Wasser, Energie (Israel) usw. mit der Hoheit über die noch zu erschließenden Gasfelder (Gaza) vor Gaza „verrechnet“ werden, ohne, dass die USA oder sonst wer die Finger im Spiel haben.
Bei derartigen gegenseitigen Abhängigkeiten würde man sich schon zusammenraufen.
Das alles setzt voraus, dass der Mensch an sich seine menschlichen Schwächen unter Kontrolle bringen würde. Hierzu können Machtstreben, Geldgier, Rechthaberei, Überheblichkeit, Ideologien, Ansprüche aus einem Glauben heraus usw. gezählt werden.
Jerusalem müsste einen Sonderstatus erhalten und die Verwaltung müsste unter den drei Weltreligionen aufgeteilt werden. Jerusalem könnte im „Kleinen“ ein Beispiel dafür sein, wie der gesamte neue Staat im „Großen“ funktioniert. Und möglicherweise würde er so in der Tat funktionieren.
Für viele mag das alles vielleicht naiv oder sogar absurd klingen. Zur Herstellung von Frieden, Frieden in dem jede Mutter, gleich welcher Religion sie angehört, ihre Kinder in Sicherheit aufwachsen sehen kann, muss jede Überlegung und Idee, wie ein friedliches Miteinander realisiert werden kann, erlaubt sein zu denken und auch auszusprechen.
Eines ist sicher. So, wie die Verhältnisse in der Vergangenheit gestaltet wurden, hat die Realität eindeutig gezeigt, dass es so auf gar keinen Fall funktioniert. Also, warum nicht einfach einmal das Gehirn durchblasen, alte, überkommene Überzeugungen loswerden und endlich einmal etwas Neues denken?
Und wer jetzt immer noch sagt, das wäre eine Delegitimierung des Staates Israel, der sollte seine Gehirnwindungen einmal zur Inspektion bringen. Der Mensch, egal welcher Couleur und welcher Religion steht hier im Mittelpunkt. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Überlegungen, wie ein friedliches Miteinander möglich sein könnte. Falls sich herausstellt, dass das eine Utopie ist, auch gut, aber immerhin sind sich Gedanken gemacht worden, die von den eingefahrenen, zu nichts außer Elend führenden Entscheidungen abweichen. Und wenn es nur zur Anregung für andere Ideen dient, dann wäre schon viel getan. Und das ist weder anti-semitisch, noch anti-israelisch, noch anti-christlich, noch anti-moslemisch, noch anti-sonst wie, sondern vor allem ein Appell an die Vernunft, zu der der Mensch schließlich auch begabt ist.
Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben
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(Bild von Georg Ohrweh)
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 16:29:32- Install Organic Maps
- Launch the app and download the World Map first
- Tap the ☰ at the bottom, then select Download Maps, and tap the + icon
- Download maps by tapping ⤓ next to your desired region
- Return to the main screen and tap 🔍 to search for your destination
- Enjoy navigating offline
ℹ️ Note that Organic Maps does not provide live traffic updates
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-01-13 10:09:57Ich begann, Social Media aufzubauen, \ um den Menschen eine Stimme zu geben. \ Mark Zuckerberg
Sind euch auch die Tränen gekommen, als ihr Mark Zuckerbergs Wendehals-Deklaration bezüglich der Meinungsfreiheit auf seinen Portalen gehört habt? Rührend, oder? Während er früher die offensichtliche Zensur leugnete und später die Regierung Biden dafür verantwortlich machte, will er nun angeblich «die Zensur auf unseren Plattformen drastisch reduzieren».
«Purer Opportunismus» ob des anstehenden Regierungswechsels wäre als Klassifizierung viel zu kurz gegriffen. Der jetzige Schachzug des Meta-Chefs ist genauso Teil einer kühl kalkulierten Business-Strategie, wie es die 180 Grad umgekehrte Praxis vorher war. Social Media sind ein höchst lukratives Geschäft. Hinzu kommt vielleicht noch ein bisschen verkorkstes Ego, weil derartig viel Einfluss und Geld sicher auch auf die Psyche schlagen. Verständlich.
«Es ist an der Zeit, zu unseren Wurzeln der freien Meinungsäußerung auf Facebook und Instagram zurückzukehren. Ich begann, Social Media aufzubauen, um den Menschen eine Stimme zu geben», sagte Zuckerberg.
Welche Wurzeln? Hat der Mann vergessen, dass er von der Überwachung, dem Ausspionieren und dem Ausverkauf sämtlicher Daten und digitaler Spuren sowie der Manipulation seiner «Kunden» lebt? Das ist knallharter Kommerz, nichts anderes. Um freie Meinungsäußerung geht es bei diesem Geschäft ganz sicher nicht, und das war auch noch nie so. Die Wurzeln von Facebook liegen in einem Projekt des US-Militärs mit dem Namen «LifeLog». Dessen Ziel war es, «ein digitales Protokoll vom Leben eines Menschen zu erstellen».
Der Richtungswechsel kommt allerdings nicht überraschend. Schon Anfang Dezember hatte Meta-Präsident Nick Clegg von «zu hoher Fehlerquote bei der Moderation» von Inhalten gesprochen. Bei der Gelegenheit erwähnte er auch, dass Mark sehr daran interessiert sei, eine aktive Rolle in den Debatten über eine amerikanische Führungsrolle im technologischen Bereich zu spielen.
Während Milliardärskollege und Big Tech-Konkurrent Elon Musk bereits seinen Posten in der kommenden Trump-Regierung in Aussicht hat, möchte Zuckerberg also nicht nur seine Haut retten – Trump hatte ihn einmal einen «Feind des Volkes» genannt und ihm lebenslange Haft angedroht –, sondern am liebsten auch mitspielen. KI-Berater ist wohl die gewünschte Funktion, wie man nach einem Treffen Trump-Zuckerberg hörte. An seine Verhaftung dachte vermutlich auch ein weiterer Multimilliardär mit eigener Social Media-Plattform, Pavel Durov, als er Zuckerberg jetzt kritisierte und gleichzeitig warnte.
Politik und Systemmedien drehen jedenfalls durch – was zu viel ist, ist zu viel. Etwas weniger Zensur und mehr Meinungsfreiheit würden die Freiheit der Bürger schwächen und seien potenziell vernichtend für die Menschenrechte. Zuckerberg setze mit dem neuen Kurs die Demokratie aufs Spiel, das sei eine «Einladung zum nächsten Völkermord», ernsthaft. Die Frage sei, ob sich die EU gegen Musk und Zuckerberg behaupten könne, Brüssel müsse jedenfalls hart durchgreifen.
Auch um die Faktenchecker macht man sich Sorgen. Für die deutsche Nachrichtenagentur dpa und die «Experten» von Correctiv, die (noch) Partner für Fact-Checking-Aktivitäten von Facebook sind, sei das ein «lukratives Geschäftsmodell». Aber möglicherweise werden die Inhalte ohne diese vermeintlichen Korrektoren ja sogar besser. Anders als Meta wollen jedoch Scholz, Faeser und die Tagesschau keine Fehler zugeben und zum Beispiel Correctiv-Falschaussagen einräumen.
Bei derlei dramatischen Befürchtungen wundert es nicht, dass der öffentliche Plausch auf X zwischen Elon Musk und AfD-Chefin Alice Weidel von 150 EU-Beamten überwacht wurde, falls es irgendwelche Rechtsverstöße geben sollte, die man ihnen ankreiden könnte. Auch der Deutsche Bundestag war wachsam. Gefunden haben dürften sie nichts. Das Ganze war eher eine Show, viel Wind wurde gemacht, aber letztlich gab es nichts als heiße Luft.
Das Anbiedern bei Donald Trump ist indes gerade in Mode. Die Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) tut das auch, denn sie fürchtet um Spenden von über einer Milliarde Dollar. Eventuell könnte ja Elon Musk auch hier künftig aushelfen und der Organisation sowie deren größtem privaten Förderer, Bill Gates, etwas unter die Arme greifen. Nachdem Musks KI-Projekt xAI kürzlich von BlackRock & Co. sechs Milliarden eingestrichen hat, geht da vielleicht etwas.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-01-03 20:26:47Was du bist hängt von drei Faktoren ab: \ Was du geerbt hast, \ was deine Umgebung aus dir machte \ und was du in freier Wahl \ aus deiner Umgebung und deinem Erbe gemacht hast. \ Aldous Huxley
Das brave Mitmachen und Mitlaufen in einem vorgegebenen, recht engen Rahmen ist gewiss nicht neu, hat aber gerade wieder mal Konjunktur. Dies kann man deutlich beobachten, eigentlich egal, in welchem gesellschaftlichen Bereich man sich umschaut. Individualität ist nur soweit angesagt, wie sie in ein bestimmtes Schema von «Diversität» passt, und Freiheit verkommt zur Worthülse – nicht erst durch ein gewisses Buch einer gewissen ehemaligen Regierungschefin.
Erklärungsansätze für solche Entwicklungen sind bekannt, und praktisch alle haben etwas mit Massenpsychologie zu tun. Der Herdentrieb, also der Trieb der Menschen, sich – zum Beispiel aus Unsicherheit oder Bequemlichkeit – lieber der Masse anzuschließen als selbstständig zu denken und zu handeln, ist einer der Erklärungsversuche. Andere drehen sich um Macht, Propaganda, Druck und Angst, also den gezielten Einsatz psychologischer Herrschaftsinstrumente.
Aber wollen die Menschen überhaupt Freiheit? Durch Gespräche im privaten Umfeld bin ich diesbezüglich in der letzten Zeit etwas skeptisch geworden. Um die Jahreswende philosophiert man ja gerne ein wenig über das Erlebte und über die Erwartungen für die Zukunft. Dabei hatte ich hin und wieder den Eindruck, die totalitären Anwandlungen unserer «Repräsentanten» kämen manchen Leuten gerade recht.
«Desinformation» ist so ein brisantes Thema. Davor müsse man die Menschen doch schützen, hörte ich. Jemand müsse doch zum Beispiel diese ganzen merkwürdigen Inhalte in den Social Media filtern – zur Ukraine, zum Klima, zu Gesundheitsthemen oder zur Migration. Viele wüssten ja gar nicht einzuschätzen, was richtig und was falsch ist, sie bräuchten eine Führung.
Freiheit bedingt Eigenverantwortung, ohne Zweifel. Eventuell ist es einigen tatsächlich zu anspruchsvoll, die Verantwortung für das eigene Tun und Lassen zu übernehmen. Oder die persönliche Freiheit wird nicht als ausreichend wertvolles Gut angesehen, um sich dafür anzustrengen. In dem Fall wäre die mangelnde Selbstbestimmung wohl das kleinere Übel. Allerdings fehlt dann gemäß Aldous Huxley ein Teil der Persönlichkeit. Letztlich ist natürlich alles eine Frage der Abwägung.
Sind viele Menschen möglicherweise schon so «eingenordet», dass freiheitliche Ambitionen gar nicht für eine ganze Gruppe, ein Kollektiv, verfolgt werden können? Solche Gedanken kamen mir auch, als ich mir kürzlich diverse Talks beim viertägigen Hacker-Kongress des Chaos Computer Clubs (38C3) anschaute. Ich war nicht nur überrascht, sondern reichlich erschreckt angesichts der in weiten Teilen mainstream-geformten Inhalte, mit denen ein dankbares Publikum beglückt wurde. Wo ich allgemein hellere Köpfe erwartet hatte, fand ich Konformismus und enthusiastisch untermauerte Narrative.
Gibt es vielleicht so etwas wie eine Herdenimmunität gegen Indoktrination? Ich denke, ja, zumindest eine gestärkte Widerstandsfähigkeit. Was wir brauchen, sind etwas gesunder Menschenverstand, offene Informationskanäle und der Mut, sich freier auch zwischen den Herden zu bewegen. Sie tun das bereits, aber sagen Sie es auch dieses Jahr ruhig weiter.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0
2025-05-12 14:50:36A posição do libertário que rejeita o cristianismo padece de sérias incoerências lógicas, históricas e filosóficas. Ao renegar as bases espirituais e culturais que tornaram possível o próprio ideal libertário, tal posição demonstra ser, ao mesmo tempo, autofágica e irracional. É o caso de alguém que se gloria dos frutos de uma árvore que corta pela raiz.
I. Fundamento histórico: a civilização da liberdade é cristã
Não foi o secularismo moderno, nem o paganismo antigo, que ergueram as instituições que protegem a dignidade da pessoa humana e os limites ao poder. Desde os primeiros séculos, a Igreja resistiu ao culto estatal romano, afirmando a soberania de Deus sobre os Césares — "Mais importa obedecer a Deus que aos homens" (Atos 5,29).
Foi o cristianismo que:
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Fundou universidades livres, onde o saber era buscado sob o primado da verdade;
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Defendeu a lei natural como fundamento do direito — uma doutrina que protege o indivíduo contra tiranias;
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Resgatou e aprofundou o conceito de pessoa, dotada de razão e livre-arbítrio, imagem de Deus, e, portanto, inalienavelmente digna e responsável.
Em momentos-chave da história, como nas disputas entre papado e império, nas resistências contra absolutismos, e na fundação do direito internacional por Francisco de Vitoria e a Escola de Salamanca, foi o cristianismo quem freou o poder estatal em nome de princípios superiores. A tradição cristã foi frequentemente o principal obstáculo à tirania, não seu aliado.
Negar isso é amputar a própria genealogia da liberdade ocidental.
Uma das chaves do cristianismo para a construção dessa civilização da liberdade foi a exaltação do individualismo. Ao afirmar que o ser humano é feito à imagem de Deus e que sua salvação é uma escolha pessoal, o cristianismo colocou o indivíduo no centro da moralidade e da liberdade. Diferente dos gregos, cuja ética era voltada para a polis e a cidade-estado, o cristianismo reafirma a suprema importância do indivíduo, com sua capacidade de escolha moral, responsabilidade pessoal e dignidade intrínseca. Esse princípio, mais do que qualquer outra religião, foi o alicerce do desenvolvimento da liberdade individual e da autonomia, valores que sustentam a civilização ocidental.
A ética grega, na melhor das hipóteses, descreve a ordem natural — mas não consegue justificar por que essa ordem deveria obrigar a vontade humana. Um Logos impessoal não tem autoridade moral. Uma ordem cósmica sem um Legislador é apenas um dado de fato, não uma norma vinculante. A vontade pode rebelar-se contra o telos — e sem um Deus justo, que ordena a natureza à perfeição, não há razão última para não o fazer.
A cultura grega teve uma influência indiscutível sobre o desenvolvimento da civilização ocidental, mas o cristianismo não só absorveu o que havia de bom na cultura grega, como também elevou e completou esses aspectos. O cristianismo, ao afirmar que todos os homens são feitos à imagem e semelhança de Deus e têm dignidade intrínseca, levou a uma noção de igualdade moral e liberdade que transcende as limitações da pólis grega.
II. Falsa dicotomia: fé e liberdade não são opostas
Com frequência equiparam a religião à coerção e à obediência cega. Mas isso é um equívoco: o cristianismo não se impõe pela força, mas apela à consciência. O próprio Deus, em sua relação com a criatura racional, respeita sua liberdade. Como ensina a Escritura:
"Se alguém quiser vir após mim..." (Mt 16,24);
"Eis que estou à porta e bato. Se alguém ouvir a minha voz e abrir a porta, entrarei em sua casa e cearei com ele." (Ap 3,20);
"Assim falai, e assim procedei, como devendo ser julgados pela lei da liberdade." (Tiago 2,12).A adesão à fé deve ser livre, voluntária e racional, pois sem liberdade não há verdadeiro mérito, nem amor genuíno. Isso é mais compatível com o princípio de não agressão do que qualquer utopia secular. Ora, o núcleo do evangelho é voluntarista: salvação pessoal, conversão interior, caridade.
Ninguém deve ser forçado, contra sua vontade, a abraçar a fé, pois o ato de fé é por sua natureza voluntário (Dignitatis Humanae; CDC, cân. 748,2)
Se algum Estado usa da força para impor o cristianismo, afirmar que o cristianismo causou as coerções é tão equivocado quanto dizer que a propriedade privada causa o comunismo; é uma inversão da realidade, pois o comunismo surge precisamente da violação da propriedade. Portanto, a fé forçada é inválida em si mesma, pois viola a natureza do ato de crer, que deve ser livre.
III. Fundamento moral: sem transcendência, o libertarianismo flutua no vácuo
O libertário anticristão busca defender princípios objetivos — como a inviolabilidade do indivíduo e a ilegitimidade da agressão — sem um fundamento transcendente que lhes dê validade universal. Por que a agressão é errada? Por que alguém tem direito à vida, à liberdade, à propriedade? Sem uma explicação transcendental, as respostas para tais perguntas se tornam apenas opiniões ou convenções, não obrigações morais vinculantes. Se a moralidade é puramente humana, então os direitos podem ser modificados ou ignorados conforme a vontade da sociedade. O conceito de direitos naturais, tão caro ao libertarianismo, precisa de um solo metafísico que justifique sua universalidade e imutabilidade. Caso contrário, eles podem ser tratados apenas como acordos utilitários temporários ou preferências culturais, sem qualquer obrigatoriedade para todos os seres humanos em todas as circunstâncias.
Pensadores libertários seculares, como Ayn Rand e Murray Rothbard, tentaram ancorar os direitos naturais na razão humana ou na natureza do homem. Rand baseia sua ética no egoísmo racional, enquanto Rothbard apela à lei natural. Embora essas abordagens busquem objetividade, elas carecem de uma resposta definitiva para por que a razão ou a natureza humana obrigam moralmente todos os indivíduos. Sem um fundamento transcendente, suas concepções permanecem vulneráveis a interpretações subjetivas ou a cálculos utilitários.
Aqui, o cristianismo oferece uma explicação sólida e transcendental que fundamenta os direitos naturais. A visão cristã de que o ser humano foi criado à imagem e semelhança de Deus confere à pessoa uma dignidade intrínseca, imutável e universal. Essa dignidade não depende de fatores externos, como consenso social ou poder político, mas é uma característica inerente ao ser humano pela sua criação divina. A partir dessa perspectiva teológica, torna-se possível afirmar com base sólida que os direitos naturais são dados por Deus e, portanto, são universais e vinculantes.
O cristianismo também é a base de um sistema moral que distingue claramente justiça de legalidade. O Estado pode criar leis, mas isso não significa que essas leis sejam justas. A justiça, sob a ótica cristã, é uma expressão da ordem moral objetiva, algo que transcende as leis humanas e é definido pela vontade divina. Por isso, o libertarianismo cristão vê a agressão como uma violação de uma ordem moral objetiva, e não apenas uma violação de uma convenção social ou de um acordo utilitário.
Se a moralidade e os direitos naturais não forem fundamentados em um Logos criador e legislador, o que acontece é que o conceito de direito natural degenera para algo mais frágil, como um simples acordo utilitário. Nesse cenário, os direitos do indivíduo se tornam algo acordado entre os membros de uma sociedade, em vez de princípios imutáveis e universais. Os direitos podem ser negociados, alterados ou ignorados conforme o interesse do momento.
IV. Fundamento científico: a racionalidade moderna é filha da fé cristã
A ciência moderna só foi possível no contexto cultural cristão. Nenhuma outra civilização — nem a grega, nem a islâmica, nem a chinesa — produziu o método científico como o Ocidente cristão o fez.
Isso se deve a quatro premissas teológicas:
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Criação racional: O mundo é ordenado por um Deus racional.
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Distinção entre Criador e criatura: A natureza não é divina e pode ser estudada sem sacrilégio.
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Valor do trabalho e da observação empírica, herdado do monaquismo.
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Autonomia institucional, presente nas universidades medievais.
A doutrina cristã da Criação ex nihilo ensina que o mundo foi criado por um Deus racional, sábio e pessoal. Portanto, o cosmos é ordenado, possui leis, e pode ser compreendido pela razão humana — que é imagem do Criador. Isso contrasta fortemente com as cosmovisões panteístas ou mitológicas, onde o mundo é cíclico, arbitrário ou habitado por forças caprichosas.
Sem essa fé no Logos criador, não há razão para crer que a natureza tenha uma ordem inteligível universal e constante, que pode ser descoberta por observação e dedução. A ciência moderna só é possível porque, antes de investigar a natureza, pressupôs-se que ela era investigável — e isso foi uma herança direta do pensamento cristão.
Homens como Bacon, Newton, Kepler e Galileu viam na ciência um modo de glorificar o Criador. O ateísmo cientificista é, portanto, parasitário da teologia cristã, pois toma seus frutos e rejeita suas raízes. A ciência moderna nasceu como filha legítima da fé cristã. E os que hoje a usam contra sua mãe, ou são ingratos, ou ignorantes.
V. O cristianismo como barreira à revolução cultural
O cristianismo é a barreira mais sólida contra a infiltração revolucionária. A chamada "marcha gramsciana", que visa corroer os fundamentos morais da sociedade para subjugar o indivíduo ao coletivo, encontra sua resistência mais firme nos princípios cristãos. A fé cristã, ao proclamar a existência de uma verdade objetiva, de uma lei moral imutável e de uma dignidade humana que transcende o Estado e o consenso social, imuniza a civilização contra o relativismo e o igualitarismo nivelador do marxismo cultural.
Além disso, o cristianismo é uma tradição milenar, profundamente enraizada no cotidiano das pessoas, não sendo uma novidade a ser imposta ou implementada, mas uma força presente há séculos, que permeia a estrutura social, moral e cultural da sociedade. Sua presença constante nas comunidades, desde os tempos mais antigos, oferece uma resistência robusta contra qualquer tentativa de subverter a ordem natural e moral estabelecida.
Não por acaso, tanto Karl Marx quanto Antonio Gramsci identificaram no cristianismo o principal obstáculo à realização de seus projetos revolucionários. Marx chamou a religião de "ópio do povo" porque sabia que uma alma ancorada em Deus não se submete facilmente ao poder terreno; Gramsci, mais sutil, propôs a destruição da cultura cristã como pré-condição para o triunfo do socialismo. Sem essa âncora transcendente, a sociedade torna-se presa fácil das engenharias sociais que pretendem redefinir arbitrariamente o homem, a família e a liberdade.
Conclusão
O libertário anticristão, consciente ou não, nega as fundações mesmas do edifício que habita. Ao rejeitar o cristianismo, cava o abismo sob os próprios pés, privando o ideal libertário de sua base moral, cultural e racional. Ele defende a ética voluntária, a liberdade individual e a ordem espontânea, mas sem o solo metafísico e histórico que torna esses princípios inteligíveis e possíveis. É um erro tentar preservar a liberdade em termos absolutos sem reconhecer as raízes cristãs que a sustentam, pois o cristianismo é a única tradição que a legitima e a viabiliza.
Negar o cristianismo é racionalmente insustentável. A liberdade, como a conhecemos, é filha da fé cristã, que oferece a base moral e metafísica que torna a liberdade tanto desejável quanto possível. Mesmo que ateu, o libertário que ama a liberdade deveria, no mínimo, respeitar — e, idealmente, redescobrir — essas raízes cristãs. Pois sem fé, restam apenas o niilismo e o relativismo, que, eventualmente, desaguam na servidão.
Como nos ensina a tradição: Ubi fides ibi libertas — onde há fé, há liberdade.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2025-01-01 17:39:51Heute möchte ich ein Gedicht mit euch teilen. Es handelt sich um eine Ballade des österreichischen Lyrikers Johann Gabriel Seidl aus dem 19. Jahrhundert. Mir sind diese Worte fest in Erinnerung, da meine Mutter sie perfekt rezitieren konnte, auch als die Kräfte schon langsam schwanden.
Dem originalen Titel «Die Uhr» habe ich für mich immer das Wort «innere» hinzugefügt. Denn der Zeitmesser – hier vermutliche eine Taschenuhr – symbolisiert zwar in dem Kontext das damalige Zeitempfinden und die Umbrüche durch die industrielle Revolution, sozusagen den Zeitgeist und das moderne Leben. Aber der Autor setzt sich philosophisch mit der Zeit auseinander und gibt seinem Werk auch eine klar spirituelle Dimension.
Das Ticken der Uhr und die Momente des Glücks und der Trauer stehen sinnbildlich für das unaufhaltsame Fortschreiten und die Vergänglichkeit des Lebens. Insofern könnte man bei der Uhr auch an eine Sonnenuhr denken. Der Rhythmus der Ereignisse passt uns vielleicht nicht immer in den Kram.
Was den Takt pocht, ist durchaus auch das Herz, unser «inneres Uhrwerk». Wenn dieses Meisterwerk einmal stillsteht, ist es unweigerlich um uns geschehen. Hoffentlich können wir dann dankbar sagen: «Ich habe mein Bestes gegeben.»
Ich trage, wo ich gehe, stets eine Uhr bei mir; \ Wieviel es geschlagen habe, genau seh ich an ihr. \ Es ist ein großer Meister, der künstlich ihr Werk gefügt, \ Wenngleich ihr Gang nicht immer dem törichten Wunsche genügt.
Ich wollte, sie wäre rascher gegangen an manchem Tag; \ Ich wollte, sie hätte manchmal verzögert den raschen Schlag. \ In meinen Leiden und Freuden, in Sturm und in der Ruh, \ Was immer geschah im Leben, sie pochte den Takt dazu.
Sie schlug am Sarge des Vaters, sie schlug an des Freundes Bahr, \ Sie schlug am Morgen der Liebe, sie schlug am Traualtar. \ Sie schlug an der Wiege des Kindes, sie schlägt, will's Gott, noch oft, \ Wenn bessere Tage kommen, wie meine Seele es hofft.
Und ward sie auch einmal träger, und drohte zu stocken ihr Lauf, \ So zog der Meister immer großmütig sie wieder auf. \ Doch stände sie einmal stille, dann wär's um sie geschehn, \ Kein andrer, als der sie fügte, bringt die Zerstörte zum Gehn.
Dann müßt ich zum Meister wandern, der wohnt am Ende wohl weit, \ Wohl draußen, jenseits der Erde, wohl dort in der Ewigkeit! \ Dann gäb ich sie ihm zurücke mit dankbar kindlichem Flehn: \ Sieh, Herr, ich hab nichts verdorben, sie blieb von selber stehn.
Johann Gabriel Seidl (1804-1875)
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-12-21 09:54:49Falls du beim Lesen des Titels dieses Newsletters unwillkürlich an positive Neuigkeiten aus dem globalen polit-medialen Irrenhaus oder gar aus dem wirtschaftlichen Umfeld gedacht hast, darf ich dich beglückwünschen. Diese Assoziation ist sehr löblich, denn sie weist dich als unverbesserlichen Optimisten aus. Leider muss ich dich diesbezüglich aber enttäuschen. Es geht hier um ein anderes Thema, allerdings sehr wohl ein positives, wie ich finde.
Heute ist ein ganz besonderer Tag: die Wintersonnenwende. Genau gesagt hat heute morgen um 10:20 Uhr Mitteleuropäischer Zeit (MEZ) auf der Nordhalbkugel unseres Planeten der astronomische Winter begonnen. Was daran so außergewöhnlich ist? Der kürzeste Tag des Jahres war gestern, seit heute werden die Tage bereits wieder länger! Wir werden also jetzt jeden Tag ein wenig mehr Licht haben.
Für mich ist dieses Ereignis immer wieder etwas kurios: Es beginnt der Winter, aber die Tage werden länger. Das erscheint mir zunächst wie ein Widerspruch, denn meine spontanen Assoziationen zum Winter sind doch eher Kälte und Dunkelheit, relativ zumindest. Umso erfreulicher ist der emotionale Effekt, wenn dann langsam die Erkenntnis durchsickert: Ab jetzt wird es schon wieder heller!
Natürlich ist es kalt im Winter, mancherorts mehr als anderswo. Vielleicht jedoch nicht mehr lange, wenn man den Klimahysterikern glauben wollte. Mindestens letztes Jahr hat Väterchen Frost allerdings gleich zu Beginn seiner Saison – und passenderweise während des globalen Überhitzungsgipfels in Dubai – nochmal richtig mit der Faust auf den Tisch gehauen. Schnee- und Eischaos sind ja eigentlich in der Agenda bereits nicht mehr vorgesehen. Deswegen war man in Deutschland vermutlich in vorauseilendem Gehorsam schon nicht mehr darauf vorbereitet und wurde glatt lahmgelegt.
Aber ich schweife ab. Die Aussicht auf nach und nach mehr Licht und damit auch Wärme stimmt mich froh. Den Zusammenhang zwischen beidem merkt man in Andalusien sehr deutlich. Hier, wo die Häuser im Winter arg auskühlen, geht man zum Aufwärmen raus auf die Straße oder auf den Balkon. Die Sonne hat auch im Winter eine erfreuliche Kraft. Und da ist jede Minute Gold wert.
Außerdem ist mir vor Jahren so richtig klar geworden, warum mir das südliche Klima so sehr gefällt. Das liegt nämlich nicht nur an der Sonne als solcher, oder der Wärme – das liegt vor allem am Licht. Ohne Licht keine Farben, das ist der ebenso simple wie gewaltige Unterschied zwischen einem deprimierenden matschgraubraunen Winter und einem fröhlichen bunten. Ein großes Stück Lebensqualität.
Mir gefällt aber auch die Symbolik dieses Tages: Licht aus der Dunkelheit, ein Wendepunkt, ein Neuanfang, neue Möglichkeiten, Übergang zu neuer Aktivität. In der winterlichen Stille keimt bereits neue Lebendigkeit. Und zwar in einem Zyklus, das wird immer wieder so geschehen. Ich nehme das gern als ein Stück Motivation, es macht mir Hoffnung und gibt mir Energie.
Übrigens ist parallel am heutigen Tag auf der südlichen Halbkugel Sommeranfang. Genau im entgegengesetzten Rhythmus, sich ergänzend, wie Yin und Yang. Das alles liegt an der Schrägstellung der Erdachse, die ist nämlich um 23,4º zur Umlaufbahn um die Sonne geneigt. Wir erinnern uns, gell?
Insofern bleibt eindeutig festzuhalten, dass “schräg sein” ein willkommener, wichtiger und positiver Wert ist. Mit anderen Worten: auch ungewöhnlich, eigenartig, untypisch, wunderlich, kauzig, … ja sogar irre, spinnert oder gar “quer” ist in Ordnung. Das schließt das Denken mit ein.
In diesem Sinne wünsche ich euch allen urige Weihnachtstage!
Dieser Beitrag ist letztes Jahr in meiner Denkbar erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-12-13 19:30:32Das Betriebsklima ist das einzige Klima, \ das du selbst bestimmen kannst. \ Anonym
Eine Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel hat das deutsche Bundeskabinett diese Woche beschlossen. Da «Wetterextreme wie die immer häufiger auftretenden Hitzewellen und Starkregenereignisse» oft desaströse Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt hätten, werde eine Anpassung an die Folgen des Klimawandels immer wichtiger. «Klimaanpassungsstrategie» nennt die Regierung das.
Für die «Vorsorge vor Klimafolgen» habe man nun erstmals klare Ziele und messbare Kennzahlen festgelegt. So sei der Erfolg überprüfbar, und das solle zu einer schnelleren Bewältigung der Folgen führen. Dass sich hinter dem Begriff Klimafolgen nicht Folgen des Klimas, sondern wohl «Folgen der globalen Erwärmung» verbergen, erklärt den Interessierten die Wikipedia. Dabei ist das mit der Erwärmung ja bekanntermaßen so eine Sache.
Die Zunahme schwerer Unwetterereignisse habe gezeigt, so das Ministerium, wie wichtig eine frühzeitige und effektive Warnung der Bevölkerung sei. Daher solle es eine deutliche Anhebung der Nutzerzahlen der sogenannten Nina-Warn-App geben.
Die ARD spurt wie gewohnt und setzt die Botschaft zielsicher um. Der Artikel beginnt folgendermaßen:
«Die Flut im Ahrtal war ein Schock für das ganze Land. Um künftig besser gegen Extremwetter gewappnet zu sein, hat die Bundesregierung eine neue Strategie zur Klimaanpassung beschlossen. Die Warn-App Nina spielt eine zentrale Rolle. Der Bund will die Menschen in Deutschland besser vor Extremwetter-Ereignissen warnen und dafür die Reichweite der Warn-App Nina deutlich erhöhen.»
Die Kommunen würden bei ihren «Klimaanpassungsmaßnahmen» vom Zentrum KlimaAnpassung unterstützt, schreibt das Umweltministerium. Mit dessen Aufbau wurden das Deutsche Institut für Urbanistik gGmbH, welches sich stark für Smart City-Projekte engagiert, und die Adelphi Consult GmbH beauftragt.
Adelphi beschreibt sich selbst als «Europas führender Think-and-Do-Tank und eine unabhängige Beratung für Klima, Umwelt und Entwicklung». Sie seien «global vernetzte Strateg*innen und weltverbessernde Berater*innen» und als «Vorreiter der sozial-ökologischen Transformation» sei man mit dem Deutschen Nachhaltigkeitspreis ausgezeichnet worden, welcher sich an den Zielen der Agenda 2030 orientiere.
Über die Warn-App mit dem niedlichen Namen Nina, die möglichst jeder auf seinem Smartphone installieren soll, informiert das Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK). Gewarnt wird nicht nur vor Extrem-Wetterereignissen, sondern zum Beispiel auch vor Waffengewalt und Angriffen, Strom- und anderen Versorgungsausfällen oder Krankheitserregern. Wenn man die Kategorie Gefahreninformation wählt, erhält man eine Dosis von ungefähr zwei Benachrichtigungen pro Woche.
Beim BBK erfahren wir auch einiges über die empfohlenen Systemeinstellungen für Nina. Der Benutzer möge zum Beispiel den Zugriff auf die Standortdaten «immer zulassen», und zwar mit aktivierter Funktion «genauen Standort verwenden». Die Datennutzung solle unbeschränkt sein, auch im Hintergrund. Außerdem sei die uneingeschränkte Akkunutzung zu aktivieren, der Energiesparmodus auszuschalten und das Stoppen der App-Aktivität bei Nichtnutzung zu unterbinden.
Dass man so dramatische Ereignisse wie damals im Ahrtal auch anders bewerten kann als Regierungen und Systemmedien, hat meine Kollegin Wiltrud Schwetje anhand der Tragödie im spanischen Valencia gezeigt. Das Stichwort «Agenda 2030» taucht dabei in einem Kontext auf, der wenig mit Nachhaltigkeitspreisen zu tun hat.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 4bc7982c:4cb5c39d
2025-05-12 14:21:38-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- mQINBFav2jMBEADPCRsFp9Vtw0vlkeho2v8lIPblVNNeW43HLNXeEGvgn+gaK5sW 9H5mbp6ZLEjbdEr7zc3eu7iLFudw9IdJCLKYcqkXWBpAQF7JF6l4J18oOQK1Tfzc QyU5jWuAcc+Ds8REW91X/N9Ae/QF+dtRyuv1ILFKZ88G2za/TdV06PuNdyi3qTlD 5HPVhd5YrZyY7GVG1gTi7Wtj6tONGjjQARR6T1LDuN75QmoDvw3m68U5QnoECGg4 BFAdPrnFxYpTCl6SyV9AsCfzTwP2mIkLKZi7X/wSubt4b+nhPMuFeZ/6XFCfHCD4 mEcQudyXByi7FgAXmX+UPS1iFtaXG8UJHM4Fq2k5FcjdLXW2s0kKk915XVEE9Q4Y wWQpTonr9FwgT+aSbV7UX8ihNhNCSQAv1RnIIt8t9hncztfZD7g/FMj4FfZ8GkI0 gmn3DliSlswBZbr1rN0HTitAzYKNUsiinIxwICfj9yRTcQ92F0ML+zwQB5UOXjEJ ra+D3tGjyVCNKO940rbjvj/QAvakoNBdCnbaZDKf26Hc0qpcn3DvGei0QLFJ2gmz EnK1dW4kftcJE8piibvq35EEptqkDiCMlI0Eq819vtJBumF3ZSBjMeEB1IPfSvDG 1OoUXXS0TGwCGstjMTRQ1S2D8fDb0ENBrbdhyWXZVQFzxi/YMwkNGswDoQARAQAB tBpzaGlub2hhaSA8YnRjaW5mb0BzZGYub3JnPokCNwQTAQgAIQIbAwIeAQIXgAUC Y+g7QQYLCQgHAwIGFQgCCQoLAxYCAQAKCRBKdYg8wbHTTG6OD/wJ9V3tjvaerA6Y GViWU6h0Nrvjs6/NWq48K3hP9eqy9n7CKVOviCjglF/yf1FEfEDg7LKYtFYLs1pf 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@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2
2025-05-12 14:00:42Hostr
Hive + Nostr = Hostr, a bidirectional bridge.
Hostr is a bidirectional bridge between Nostr and Hive. What you post on one is automatically cross-posted to the other. (See SETUP.md if you want to jump right in and run it.)
This is experimental. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk.
Nostr and Hive have differences, mainly, Nostr is a protocol and Hive is a blockchain. Nostr does not have a token, although bitcoin is much-loved and used across Nostr. Hive has two main tokens: HIVE and the HBD stablecoin. More importantly, Nostr and Hive have similarities. Both are decentralized and censorship resistant thanks to users owning and controlling their own private keys.
Nostr users - why you might want to bridge to Hive
I feel the #1 reason a Nostr user might wish to use this bridge is to permanently store and chronicle your Nostr notes.
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Immutability for your Nostr notes. Your notes on Nostr are held on relays; if they go away, your notes go away. (There was a “nosdrive.app” backup, however I do not believe it’s still working.) Hive is immutable. There is no "delete" and even an “edit” on Hive does not erase the original. Like with a wiki page, a Hive edit shows the most recent version, but the original still remains historically. This would give Nostr users a permanent record of their notes in chronological order.
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Hive is an excellent long form blogging platform with stable and persistent links. Finding old Nostr notes can be difficult.
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Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will bridge off of the Nostr island and be opened to 10-30,000 daily Hive users. Go to https://peakd.com/c/hive-133987 and look for “Hive statistics” to see numbers.
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Earn rewards in HIVE and HBD. “Likes” on Nostr do not reward you monetarily, but every upvote on Hive yields rewards. For bitcoin maxis, these tokens can easily be swapped into sats with tools like the https://v4v.app web app, or others.
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Help grow Nostr. Every note that bridges over to Hive will have a footer saying something like, “This note originated on Nostr,” with a link back to your Nostr note on njump.me. On that page, a "Join Nostr" button is prominent.
Hive users - why you might want to bridge to Nostr
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Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will be bridged off the Hive island and be opened to 17-18,000 daily users. See https://stats.nostr.band for Nostr stats.
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Earn bitcoin sats in the form of “zaps.” Nostr does not have a token. But, it has a strong culture of zapping (tipping) bitcoin satoshis to other users to reward quality content. Memes are loved and often zapped too.
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Unlimited posting. Nostr is not held back by posting or activity limitations, such as with Resource Credits or community norms that frown on posting too often.
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Even more censorship resistance. Hive is truly censorship-free in that posted content, no matter the content, does indeed posted. However, front ends can choose to show or not show content that the community has downvoted. Nostr is more free speech or censorship resistant...you post it, it's posted. (Relays can choose to relay it or not, accept it or reject it, but you could run your own relay.)
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Help grow Hive. Every post that bridges over to Nostr will have a footer saying something like, “This post originated on Hive,” with a link back to your Hive blockchain post. This brings wider exposure to Hive.
Quirks about Nostr and Hive
If you’re unfamiliar with Nostr, it has a few quirks:
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You have one private key, called an “nsec”. It goes along with your “npub”, your public key. Your npub is your username, your nsec IS your account.
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You simply need an nsec, then a “client” which is a front end.
- You need to add “relays” to your client in order to connect. This is very easy, but how to do it depends on the client. Client's usually walk you through this when you start.
- Short form content (like the old "Tweets") are called kind 1 notes. Long form notes, like most Hive posts, are called kind 30023.
If you’re unfamiliar with Hive, it has more quirks:
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Hive has five private keys, yes, five. Each has a specific purpose. From least powerful to most powerful, they are: posting key (to post), active key (to move tokens), owner key (to do anything), memo key (to dm/pm), and backup/master private key (to totally restore all keys). Don’t worry about all the keys. For Hostr, we only deal with posting notes/posts, so the posting key is all we deal with.
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Hive has a culture of frowning on posting too often. Doing so can be seen as trying to milk the HIVE/HBD rewards that you gain from upvotes. Too much posting can be viewed as spamming and result in downvotes (this hurts your Web-of-Trust score, called “reputation” on Hive, and is shown alongside your username; you want to grow and keep your reputation up). The chain also has a 5-minute cool-down rule coded in: after posting, you cannot post for another five minutes.
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Additionally, to avoid spam, Hive actions burn “Resource Credits” or RCs. Think of RCs as the charge % in your phone battery. Every action on Hive uses RCs, so they dwindle with every use. Posting is high in RC cost. Bad news: if you run out of RCs, you’re unable to do things on Hive. Good news: RCs also recharge. If out of RCs, you can wait and then do things later. For the Hostr script, over-posting means the script will post until RCs are exhausted, then it will stall until RCs are recharged, post again, stall, etc. You can check your RCs in many places, such as a Hive explorer like https://hivescan.info and entering your Hive username. If you have RC issues, reach out for help.
You don't want to over-post on Hive. To avoid over-posting, Hostr has two versions of the script:
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bidirectional-longform30023.js
- Nostr ➡️ Hive - Listens only for kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes to bridge over to Hive. Kind 1 short form notes are ignored.
- Hive ➡️ Nostr - Any Hive post over 380 characters gets truncated as a kind 1 (short form) Nostr note (with a link back to the full Hive post).
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bidirectional-bridge.js
- Nostr➡️Hive - This script listens for both kind 1 (short form) and kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes and bridges both over to Hive.
- Hive ➡️ Nostr - Same as above (380+ is truncated).
Which script version should I use?
- If you post frequently on Nostr (more than 2 times per day?), the bidirectional-longform30023.js script is likely best. Per Hive community norms, you don't want to post too often on there. With this script version, only long form notes will bridge over from Nostr to Hive.
- For newcomers to Hive, I would start with this script to be safe.
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If in doubt, use this script.
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If you post infrequently on Nostr (2 times per day or fewer?), the bidirectional-bridge.js (both kinds 1 and 30023) might work fine for you.
Nostr users - how to begin
You’ll need a Hive account. You can see sign-up options at https://signup.hive.io. Some options are free, others are not. I (crrdlx) have some free “VIP tickets” to sign up with and you are welcome to use one if you wish, see https://crrdlx.vercel.app/hive-vip-ticket.html. If the tickets there are already spent, contact me and I'll get you set up.
As with Nostr, the critical thing with a Hive account is saving your keys. Hive has multiple keys, just save them all. We’ll only use the “posting key” for the Hostr bridge, however. The other keys can be used on Hive if you wish. (For instance, the "active key" is used to handle your HIVE/HBD rewards earned, the "memo key" for private messages.)
Once signed up (and keys are safe), you can adjust your Hive account/profile using any Hive front end like https://peakd.com/username, https://ecency.com/username, or https://hive.blog/username. Just remember, every action on Hive burns RCs, keep an eye on that.
You can learn more about Hive at https://hivewiki.vercel.app if you wish.
See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.
Hive users - how to begin
You’ll need a Nostr account. Getting a Nostr "account" is nothing more than generating keys. A simple way to do this is at https://nstart.me If you wish to dig into details, take a look at http://nostrwiki.crrdlx.infinityfreeapp.com/doku.php?id=wiki:get-started
As with Hive, you simply need to safely store your private keys. On Nostr, your private key is called your “nsec” (sec, as in “secret”). Your public key is your “npub” (pub, as in "public"). Your nsec is all you need, but just so you know, your private key comes in two formats: (a) your nsec, and (b) the “hex” form (same key, just different forms). With the Hostr bridge, we’ll use the hex private key. Depending on how you join Nostr, your hex key may be given to you at sign up. But, even if it's not, you can always check back-and-forth between nsec and hex keys using a tool like https://nostrtool.com and choosing "Load a privkey from nsec/hex".
Again, just save your nsec and/or hex private key and you’re set.
You can learn more about Nostr at https://nostrwiki.vercel.app if you wish.
See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.
Setting up the Hostr bridge
To set up the bridge, see SETUP.md in the repo below. The Hostr bridge has a bit of technicals behind it, but don't get intimidated. Because technical things change, I’ll keep the technical how-to instructions housed at https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr
Disclaimer
This is an experimental bridge. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk. Source code: https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr
Built with ❤️ by crrdlx
Connect on Hive: @crrdlx
Connect on Nostr: nostr:npub1qpdufhjpel94srm3ett2azgf49m9dp3n5nm2j0rt0l2mlmc3ux3qza082j
All contacts: https://linktr.ee/crrdlx
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-12-06 18:21:15Die Ungerechtigkeit ist uns nur in dem Falle angenehm,\ dass wir Vorteile aus ihr ziehen;\ in jedem andern hegt man den Wunsch,\ dass der Unschuldige in Schutz genommen werde.\ Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Politiker beteuern jederzeit, nur das Beste für die Bevölkerung zu wollen – nicht von ihr. Auch die zahlreichen unsäglichen «Corona-Maßnahmen» waren angeblich zu unserem Schutz notwendig, vor allem wegen der «besonders vulnerablen Personen». Daher mussten alle möglichen Restriktionen zwangsweise und unter Umgehung der Parlamente verordnet werden.
Inzwischen hat sich immer deutlicher herausgestellt, dass viele jener «Schutzmaßnahmen» den gegenteiligen Effekt hatten, sie haben den Menschen und den Gesellschaften enorm geschadet. Nicht nur haben die experimentellen Geninjektionen – wie erwartet – massive Nebenwirkungen, sondern Maskentragen schadet der Psyche und der Entwicklung (nicht nur unserer Kinder) und «Lockdowns und Zensur haben Menschen getötet».
Eine der wichtigsten Waffen unserer «Beschützer» ist die Spaltung der Gesellschaft. Die tiefen Gräben, die Politiker, Lobbyisten und Leitmedien praktisch weltweit ausgehoben haben, funktionieren leider nahezu in Perfektion. Von ihren persönlichen Erfahrungen als Kritikerin der Maßnahmen berichtete kürzlich eine Schweizerin im Interview mit Transition News. Sie sei schwer enttäuscht und verspüre bis heute eine Hemmschwelle und ein seltsames Unwohlsein im Umgang mit «Geimpften».
Menschen, die aufrichtig andere schützen wollten, werden von einer eindeutig politischen Justiz verfolgt, verhaftet und angeklagt. Dazu zählen viele Ärzte, darunter Heinrich Habig, Bianca Witzschel und Walter Weber. Über den aktuell laufenden Prozess gegen Dr. Weber hat Transition News mehrfach berichtet (z.B. hier und hier). Auch der Selbstschutz durch Verweigerung der Zwangs-Covid-«Impfung» bewahrt nicht vor dem Knast, wie Bundeswehrsoldaten wie Alexander Bittner erfahren mussten.
Die eigentlich Kriminellen schützen sich derweil erfolgreich selber, nämlich vor der Verantwortung. Die «Impf»-Kampagne war «das größte Verbrechen gegen die Menschheit». Trotzdem stellt man sich in den USA gerade die Frage, ob der scheidende Präsident Joe Biden nach seinem Sohn Hunter möglicherweise auch Anthony Fauci begnadigen wird – in diesem Fall sogar präventiv. Gibt es überhaupt noch einen Rest Glaubwürdigkeit, den Biden verspielen könnte?
Der Gedanke, den ehemaligen wissenschaftlichen Chefberater des US-Präsidenten und Direktor des National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) vorsorglich mit einem Schutzschild zu versehen, dürfte mit der vergangenen Präsidentschaftswahl zu tun haben. Gleich mehrere Personalentscheidungen des designierten Präsidenten Donald Trump lassen Leute wie Fauci erneut in den Fokus rücken.
Das Buch «The Real Anthony Fauci» des nominierten US-Gesundheitsministers Robert F. Kennedy Jr. erschien 2021 und dreht sich um die Machenschaften der Pharma-Lobby in der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Das Vorwort zur rumänischen Ausgabe des Buches schrieb übrigens Călin Georgescu, der Überraschungssieger der ersten Wahlrunde der aktuellen Präsidentschaftswahlen in Rumänien. Vielleicht erklärt diese Verbindung einen Teil der Panik im Wertewesten.
In Rumänien selber gab es gerade einen Paukenschlag: Das bisherige Ergebnis wurde heute durch das Verfassungsgericht annuliert und die für Sonntag angesetzte Stichwahl kurzfristig abgesagt – wegen angeblicher «aggressiver russischer Einmischung». Thomas Oysmüller merkt dazu an, damit sei jetzt in der EU das Tabu gebrochen, Wahlen zu verbieten, bevor sie etwas ändern können.
Unsere Empörung angesichts der Historie von Maßnahmen, die die Falschen beschützen und für die meisten von Nachteil sind, müsste enorm sein. Die Frage ist, was wir damit machen. Wir sollten nach vorne schauen und unsere Energie clever einsetzen. Abgesehen von der Umgehung von jeglichem «Schutz vor Desinformation und Hassrede» (sprich: Zensur) wird es unsere wichtigste Aufgabe sein, Gräben zu überwinden.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-11-29 19:45:43Konsum ist Therapie.
Wolfgang JoopUmweltbewusstes Verhalten und verantwortungsvoller Konsum zeugen durchaus von einer wünschenswerten Einstellung. Ob man deswegen allerdings einen grünen statt eines schwarzen Freitags braucht, darf getrost bezweifelt werden – zumal es sich um manipulatorische Konzepte handelt. Wie in der politischen Landschaft sind auch hier die Etiketten irgendwas zwischen nichtssagend und trügerisch.
Heute ist also wieder mal «Black Friday», falls Sie es noch nicht mitbekommen haben sollten. Eigentlich haben wir ja eher schon eine ganze «Black Week», der dann oft auch noch ein «Cyber Monday» folgt. Die Werbebranche wird nicht müde, immer neue Anlässe zu erfinden oder zu importieren, um uns zum Konsumieren zu bewegen. Und sie ist damit sehr erfolgreich.
Warum fallen wir auf derartige Werbetricks herein und kaufen im Zweifelsfall Dinge oder Mengen, die wir sicher nicht brauchen? Pure Psychologie, würde ich sagen. Rabattschilder triggern etwas in uns, was den Verstand in Stand-by versetzt. Zusätzlich beeinflussen uns alle möglichen emotionalen Reize und animieren uns zum Schnäppchenkauf.
Gedankenlosigkeit und Maßlosigkeit können besonders bei der Ernährung zu ernsten Problemen führen. Erst kürzlich hat mir ein Bekannter nach einer USA-Reise erzählt, dass es dort offenbar nicht unüblich ist, schon zum ausgiebigen Frühstück in einem Restaurant wenigstens einen Liter Cola zu trinken. Gerne auch mehr, um das Gratis-Nachfüllen des Bechers auszunutzen.
Kritik am schwarzen Freitag und dem unnötigen Konsum kommt oft von Umweltschützern. Neben Ressourcenverschwendung, hohem Energieverbrauch und wachsenden Müllbergen durch eine zunehmende Wegwerfmentalität kommt dabei in der Regel auch die «Klimakrise» auf den Tisch.
Die EU-Kommission lancierte 2015 den Begriff «Green Friday» im Kontext der überarbeiteten Rechtsvorschriften zur Kennzeichnung der Energieeffizienz von Elektrogeräten. Sie nutzte die Gelegenheit kurz vor dem damaligen schwarzen Freitag und vor der UN-Klimakonferenz COP21, bei der das Pariser Abkommen unterzeichnet werden sollte.
Heute wird ein grüner Freitag oft im Zusammenhang mit der Forderung nach «nachhaltigem Konsum» benutzt. Derweil ist die Europäische Union schon weit in ihr Geschäftsmodell des «Green New Deal» verstrickt. In ihrer Propaganda zum Klimawandel verspricht sie tatsächlich «Unterstützung der Menschen und Regionen, die von immer häufigeren Extremwetter-Ereignissen betroffen sind». Was wohl die Menschen in der Region um Valencia dazu sagen?
Ganz im Sinne des Great Reset propagierten die Vereinten Nationen seit Ende 2020 eine «grüne Erholung von Covid-19, um den Klimawandel zu verlangsamen». Der UN-Umweltbericht sah in dem Jahr einen Schwerpunkt auf dem Verbraucherverhalten. Änderungen des Konsumverhaltens des Einzelnen könnten dazu beitragen, den Klimaschutz zu stärken, hieß es dort.
Der Begriff «Schwarzer Freitag» wurde in den USA nicht erstmals für Einkäufe nach Thanksgiving verwendet – wie oft angenommen –, sondern für eine Finanzkrise. Jedoch nicht für den Börsencrash von 1929, sondern bereits für den Zusammenbruch des US-Goldmarktes im September 1869. Seitdem mussten die Menschen weltweit so einige schwarze Tage erleben.
Kürzlich sind die britischen Aufsichtsbehörden weiter von ihrer Zurückhaltung nach dem letzten großen Finanzcrash von 2008 abgerückt. Sie haben Regeln für den Bankensektor gelockert, womit sie «verantwortungsvolle Risikobereitschaft» unterstützen wollen. Man würde sicher zu schwarz sehen, wenn man hier ein grünes Wunder befürchten würde.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c3e23eb5:03d7caa9
2025-05-12 13:00:36The issue I have with the term "mesh networks" is that it is associated with a flat network topology. While I love the idea of avoiding hierarchy, this simply doesn't scale. Data Plane: How the Internet Scales
The internet on the scales because it has a tree like structure. As you can see in the diagram below, global (tier 1) ISPs branch out to national (tier 2) ISPs who in turn branch out to local (tier 3) ISPs.
``` ,-[ Tier 1 ISP (Global) ]─-───────[ Tier 1 ISP (Global) ] / |
/ ▼
[IXP (Global)]═══╦═══[IXP (Global)]
║
Tier 2 ISP (National)◄──────────╗
/ \ ║
▼ ▼ ║
[IXP (Regional)]════╬══[IXP (Regional)] ║
/ \ ║
▼ ▼ ║
Tier 3 ISP (Local) Tier 3 ISP (Local) ║
| | ║
▼ ▼ ▼
[User] [User] [Enterprise]▲ IXPs are physical switch fabrics - members peer directly ▲ Tier 1/2 ISPs provide transit through IXPs but don't control them ```
This structure also reflects in IP addresses, where regional traffic gets routed by regional tiers and global traffic keeps getting passed up through gateways till it reaches the root of the tree. The global ISP then routes the traffic into the correct branch so that it can trickle down to the destination IP at the bottom.
12.0.0.0/8 - Tier 1 manages routing (IANA-allocated) └─12.34.0.0/16 - Tier 2 allocated block (through RIR) └─12.34.56.0/24 - Tier 3 subnet via upstream provider ├─12.34.56.1 Public IP (CGNAT pool) └─192.168.1.1 Private IP (local NAT reuse)
Balancing idealism with pragmatism
This approach to scaling is much less idealistic than a flat hierarchy, because it relies on an authority (IANA) to assign the IP ranges to ISPs through Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). Even if this authority wasn't required, the fact that many users rely on few Tier 1 ISPs means that the system is inherently susceptible to sabotage (see 2019 BGP leak incident).
Control Plane: the internet is still described as decentralised
The internet is still described as decentralised because there is a flat hierarchy between
tier 1
ISPs at the root of the tree. ``` INTERNET CORE (Tier 1 ISPs)AT&T (AS7018) <══════════> Deutsche Telekom (AS3320) ║ ╔════════════════════╗ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚══>║ NTT (AS2914) ║<══╝ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚═══════> Lumen (AS3356) ║ ║ ╚════╩════════════> Telia (AS1299)
```
The border gateway protocol (BGP) is used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems (ISPs). Each autonomous system is a branch of the "internet tree" and each autonomous system advertises routes to downstream autonomous systems (branches). However, the autonomous systems at the root of the tree also maintain a record of their piers, so that they can forward traffic to the correct peer. Hence, the following is a more complete diagram of the internet: ```
INTERNET CORE (TIER 1 MESH) ╔══════════════╦═════════════╦════════╦═════════════╗ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ AT&T (AS7018) <══╬══> Lumen (AS3356) <══╬══> NTT (AS2914) ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚══> Telia (AS1299) <══╝ ║ ║ ╚═══════════════════════════════╝ ║ ║ ╚═> Deutsche Telekom (AS3320) <═╝ ║ TREE HIERARCHY BELOW - MESH ABOVE ║ ▼ [ Tier 1 ISP ]───────────────────┐ / | | / ▼ ▼ [IXP]═══╦═══[IXP] [IXP] ║ ║ ▼ ▼ Tier 2 ISP◄──────────╗ Tier 2 ISP◄───────╗ / \ ║ / \ ║ ▼ ▼ ║ ▼ ▼ ║ [IXP]═╦[IXP] ║ [IXP]═╦[IXP] ║ / \ ║ / \ ║ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Tier 3 ISP User Tier 3 ISP Enterprise
```
So its a mesh network - whats wrong with that?
In the example above, NTT can only send traffic to Deutsche Telekom via Lumen or AT&T. NTT relies on its peers to maintain a correct record of the IP range that they are responsible for, so that traffic that was intended for Deutsche Telekom doesn't end up in the wrong network. An intentional or even accidental error in an autonomous system's routing tables can be detrimental to the flow of traffic through the network.
Hence, mesh networks require: * Reliability: peers rely on each-other not to fail (e.g., 2019 AWS US-East-1 availability) * Trust: peers must be honest about address ranges (e.g., 2018 BGP hijacking incident) * Central planning: BGP traffic engineering determines which route a packet takes
Application Layer Innovations
Now that we have a rough overview of how the internet is broken, lets think about what can still be done. The flat hierarchy that we associate with mesh networks sounds beautiful, but it doesn't scale. However, the tree-like structure assumes that most participants in the network rely on an authority to give them an address or a range of addresses so that they can communicate.
Overlay networks
Fortunately all it takes to interact with someone on nostr is their public key. The recipients client will render your signed and/or encrypted event no matter how it reaches them. Whether your note reaches them over the internet, over some other network or via a carrier pigeon doesn't matter. nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr is working on a NIP for that and I'm sure he will share an explanation of how it works.
Bitcoin Instead of a Routing Algorithm
Now that we have digital bearer assets (e-cash), users can pay their internet gateway (TollGate) for access to the internet even though they are still offline. Once the TollGate has redeemed the e-cash, it gives the user access to the internet.
Frictionless Switching between ISPs (TollGates)
Legacy internet service providers use KYC money (fiat) to transfer the cost of the infrastructure to their users. However, this means that they are able to identify which packet belongs to which user. The KYC nature of their interaction with the users also makes it difficult for users to switch ISPs when service providers undercut each-other. Internet users who are on e-cash rails can hop between ISPs frictionlessly since they buy small amounts of data frequently in a granular manner.
Users that have access to independent competing TollGates can switch between them freely, so its impossible for any one TollGate to prevent a user from connecting to the internet. The only thing a TollGate can do is attract traffic by providing cheaper and/or faster internet access.
Anyone can arbitrage connectivity
Now that users have non KYC internet, there is nothing stopping them from reselling access to their internet connection. Anyone who has a WiFi router and access to a cheap internet connection can act as a range extender by re-selling access to that gateway for people who aren't able to connect directly.
Now the route that the traffic takes through the network is determined dynamically by the markets. The individual TollGate operators select their gateways and set their prices when they create a business model. The customers select the route that best meets their needs by selecting a gateway for their next purchase.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-11-08 20:02:32Und plötzlich weißt du:
Es ist Zeit, etwas Neues zu beginnen
und dem Zauber des Anfangs zu vertrauen.
Meister EckhartSchwarz, rot, gold leuchtet es im Kopf des Newsletters der deutschen Bundesregierung, der mir freitags ins Postfach flattert. Rot, gelb und grün werden daneben sicher noch lange vielzitierte Farben sein, auch wenn diese nie geleuchtet haben. Die Ampel hat sich gerade selber den Stecker gezogen – und hinterlässt einen wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Trümmerhaufen.
Mit einem bemerkenswerten Timing hat die deutsche Regierungskoalition am Tag des «Comebacks» von Donald Trump in den USA endlich ihr Scheitern besiegelt. Während der eine seinen Sieg bei den Präsidentschaftswahlen feierte, erwachten die anderen jäh aus ihrer Selbsthypnose rund um Harris-Hype und Trump-Panik – mit teils erschreckenden Auswüchsen. Seit Mittwoch werden die Geschicke Deutschlands nun von einer rot-grünen Minderheitsregierung «geleitet» und man steuert auf Neuwahlen zu.
Das Kindergarten-Gehabe um zwei konkurrierende Wirtschaftsgipfel letzte Woche war bereits bezeichnend. In einem Strategiepapier gestand Finanzminister Lindner außerdem den «Absturz Deutschlands» ein und offenbarte, dass die wirtschaftlichen Probleme teilweise von der Ampel-Politik «vorsätzlich herbeigeführt» worden seien.
Lindner und weitere FDP-Minister wurden also vom Bundeskanzler entlassen. Verkehrs- und Digitalminister Wissing trat flugs aus der FDP aus; deshalb darf er nicht nur im Amt bleiben, sondern hat zusätzlich noch das Justizministerium übernommen. Und mit Jörg Kukies habe Scholz «seinen Lieblingsbock zum Obergärtner», sprich: Finanzminister befördert, meint Norbert Häring.
Es gebe keine Vertrauensbasis für die weitere Zusammenarbeit mit der FDP, hatte der Kanzler erklärt, Lindner habe zu oft sein Vertrauen gebrochen. Am 15. Januar 2025 werde er daher im Bundestag die Vertrauensfrage stellen, was ggf. den Weg für vorgezogene Neuwahlen freimachen würde.
Apropos Vertrauen: Über die Hälfte der Bundesbürger glauben, dass sie ihre Meinung nicht frei sagen können. Das ging erst kürzlich aus dem diesjährigen «Freiheitsindex» hervor, einer Studie, die die Wechselwirkung zwischen Berichterstattung der Medien und subjektivem Freiheitsempfinden der Bürger misst. «Beim Vertrauen in Staat und Medien zerreißt es uns gerade», kommentierte dies der Leiter des Schweizer Unternehmens Media Tenor, das die Untersuchung zusammen mit dem Institut für Demoskopie Allensbach durchführt.
«Die absolute Mehrheit hat absolut die Nase voll», titelte die Bild angesichts des «Ampel-Showdowns». Die Mehrheit wolle Neuwahlen und die Grünen sollten zuerst gehen, lasen wir dort.
Dass «Insolvenzminister» Robert Habeck heute seine Kandidatur für das Kanzleramt verkündet hat, kann nur als Teil der politmedialen Realitätsverweigerung verstanden werden. Wer allerdings denke, schlimmer als in Zeiten der Ampel könne es nicht mehr werden, sei reichlich optimistisch, schrieb Uwe Froschauer bei Manova. Und er kenne Friedrich Merz schlecht, der sich schon jetzt rhetorisch auf seine Rolle als oberster Feldherr Deutschlands vorbereite.
Was also tun? Der Schweizer Verein «Losdemokratie» will eine Volksinitiative lancieren, um die Bestimmung von Parlamentsmitgliedern per Los einzuführen. Das Losverfahren sorge für mehr Demokratie, denn als Alternative zum Wahlverfahren garantiere es eine breitere Beteiligung und repräsentativere Parlamente. Ob das ein Weg ist, sei dahingestellt.
In jedem Fall wird es notwendig sein, unsere Bemühungen um Freiheit und Selbstbestimmung zu verstärken. Mehr Unabhängigkeit von staatlichen und zentralen Institutionen – also die Suche nach dezentralen Lösungsansätzen – gehört dabei sicher zu den Möglichkeiten. Das gilt sowohl für jede/n Einzelne/n als auch für Entitäten wie die alternativen Medien.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-10-26 12:21:50Es ist besser, ein Licht zu entzünden, als auf die Dunkelheit zu schimpfen. Konfuzius
Die Bemühungen um Aufarbeitung der sogenannten Corona-Pandemie, um Aufklärung der Hintergründe, Benennung von Verantwortlichkeiten und das Ziehen von Konsequenzen sind durchaus nicht eingeschlafen. Das Interesse daran ist unter den gegebenen Umständen vielleicht nicht sonderlich groß, aber es ist vorhanden.
Der sächsische Landtag hat gestern die Einsetzung eines Untersuchungsausschusses zur Corona-Politik beschlossen. In einer Sondersitzung erhielt ein entsprechender Antrag der AfD-Fraktion die ausreichende Zustimmung, auch von einigen Abgeordneten des BSW.
In den Niederlanden wird Bill Gates vor Gericht erscheinen müssen. Sieben durch die Covid-«Impfstoffe» geschädigte Personen hatten Klage eingereicht. Sie werfen unter anderem Gates, Pfizer-Chef Bourla und dem niederländischen Staat vor, sie hätten gewusst, dass diese Präparate weder sicher noch wirksam sind.
Mit den mRNA-«Impfstoffen» von Pfizer/BioNTech befasst sich auch ein neues Buch. Darin werden die Erkenntnisse von Ärzten und Wissenschaftlern aus der Analyse interner Dokumente über die klinischen Studien der Covid-Injektion präsentiert. Es handelt sich um jene in den USA freigeklagten Papiere, die die Arzneimittelbehörde (Food and Drug Administration, FDA) 75 Jahre unter Verschluss halten wollte.
Ebenfalls Wissenschaftler und Ärzte, aber auch andere Experten organisieren als Verbundnetzwerk Corona-Solution kostenfreie Online-Konferenzen. Ihr Ziel ist es, «wissenschaftlich, demokratisch und friedlich» über Impfstoffe und Behandlungsprotokolle gegen SARS-CoV-2 aufzuklären und die Diskriminierung von Ungeimpften zu stoppen. Gestern fand eine weitere Konferenz statt. Ihr Thema: «Corona und modRNA: Von Toten, Lebenden und Physik lernen».
Aufgrund des Digital Services Acts (DSA) der Europäischen Union sei das Risiko groß, dass ihre Arbeit als «Fake-News» bezeichnet würde, so das Netzwerk. Staatlich unerwünschte wissenschaftliche Aufklärung müsse sich passende Kanäle zur Veröffentlichung suchen. Ihre Live-Streams seien deshalb zum Beispiel nicht auf YouTube zu finden.
Der vielfältige Einsatz für Aufklärung und Aufarbeitung wird sich nicht stummschalten lassen. Nicht einmal der Zensurmeister der EU, Deutschland, wird so etwas erreichen. Die frisch aktivierten «Trusted Flagger» dürften allerdings künftige Siege beim «Denunzianten-Wettbewerb» im Kontext des DSA zusätzlich absichern.
Wo sind die Grenzen der Meinungsfreiheit? Sicher gibt es sie. Aber die ideologische Gleichstellung von illegalen mit unerwünschten Äußerungen verfolgt offensichtlich eher das Ziel, ein derart elementares demokratisches Grundrecht möglichst weitgehend auszuhebeln. Vorwürfe wie «Hassrede», «Delegitimierung des Staates» oder «Volksverhetzung» werden heute inflationär verwendet, um Systemkritik zu unterbinden. Gegen solche Bestrebungen gilt es, sich zu wehren.
Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2024-10-23 20:26:10Herzlichen Glückwunsch zum dritten Geburtstag, liebe Denk Bar! Wieso zum dritten? Das war doch 2022 und jetzt sind wir im Jahr 2024, oder? Ja, das ist schon richtig, aber bei Geburtstagen erinnere ich mich immer auch an meinen Vater, und der behauptete oft, der erste sei ja schließlich der Tag der Geburt selber und den müsse man natürlich mitzählen. Wo er recht hat, hat er nunmal recht. Konsequenterweise wird also heute dieser Blog an seinem dritten Geburtstag zwei Jahre alt.
Das ist ein Grund zum Feiern, wie ich finde. Einerseits ganz einfach, weil es dafür gar nicht genug Gründe geben kann. «Das Leben sind zwei Tage», lautet ein gängiger Ausdruck hier in Andalusien. In der Tat könnte es so sein, auch wenn wir uns im Alltag oft genug von der Routine vereinnahmen lassen.
Seit dem Start der Denk Bar vor zwei Jahren ist unglaublich viel passiert. Ebenso wie die zweieinhalb Jahre davor, und all jenes war letztlich auch der Auslöser dafür, dass ich begann, öffentlich zu schreiben. Damals notierte ich:
«Seit einigen Jahren erscheint unser öffentliches Umfeld immer fragwürdiger, widersprüchlicher und manchmal schier unglaublich - jede Menge Anlass für eigene Recherchen und Gedanken, ganz einfach mit einer Portion gesundem Menschenverstand.»
Wir erleben den sogenannten «großen Umbruch», einen globalen Coup, den skrupellose Egoisten clever eingefädelt haben und seit ein paar Jahren knallhart – aber nett verpackt – durchziehen, um buchstäblich alles nach ihrem Gusto umzukrempeln. Die Gelegenheit ist ja angeblich günstig und muss genutzt werden.
Nie hätte ich mir träumen lassen, dass ich so etwas jemals miterleben müsste. Die Bosheit, mit der ganz offensichtlich gegen die eigene Bevölkerung gearbeitet wird, war früher für mich unvorstellbar. Mein (Rest-) Vertrauen in alle möglichen Bereiche wie Politik, Wissenschaft, Justiz, Medien oder Kirche ist praktisch komplett zerstört. Einen «inneren Totalschaden» hatte ich mal für unsere Gesellschaften diagnostiziert.
Was mich vielleicht am meisten erschreckt, ist zum einen das Niveau der Gleichschaltung, das weltweit erreicht werden konnte, und zum anderen die praktisch totale Spaltung der Gesellschaft. Haben wir das tatsächlich mit uns machen lassen?? Unfassbar! Aber das Werkzeug «Angst» ist sehr mächtig und funktioniert bis heute.
Zum Glück passieren auch positive Dinge und neue Perspektiven öffnen sich. Für viele Menschen waren und sind die Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre ein Augenöffner. Sie sehen «Querdenken» als das, was es ist: eine Tugend.
Auch die immer ernsteren Zensurbemühungen sind letztlich nur ein Zeichen der Schwäche, wo Argumente fehlen. Sie werden nicht verhindern, dass wir unsere Meinung äußern, unbequeme Fragen stellen und dass die Wahrheit peu à peu ans Licht kommt. Es gibt immer Mittel und Wege, auch für uns.
Danke, dass du diesen Weg mit mir weitergehst!
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@ cecdc1e8:b6c264ee
2025-05-12 12:41:57GM
-
@ a95c6243:d345522c
2024-10-19 08:58:08Ein Lämmchen löschte an einem Bache seinen Durst. Fern von ihm, aber näher der Quelle, tat ein Wolf das gleiche. Kaum erblickte er das Lämmchen, so schrie er:
"Warum trübst du mir das Wasser, das ich trinken will?"
"Wie wäre das möglich", erwiderte schüchtern das Lämmchen, "ich stehe hier unten und du so weit oben; das Wasser fließt ja von dir zu mir; glaube mir, es kam mir nie in den Sinn, dir etwas Böses zu tun!"
"Ei, sieh doch! Du machst es gerade, wie dein Vater vor sechs Monaten; ich erinnere mich noch sehr wohl, daß auch du dabei warst, aber glücklich entkamst, als ich ihm für sein Schmähen das Fell abzog!"
"Ach, Herr!" flehte das zitternde Lämmchen, "ich bin ja erst vier Wochen alt und kannte meinen Vater gar nicht, so lange ist er schon tot; wie soll ich denn für ihn büßen."
"Du Unverschämter!" so endigt der Wolf mit erheuchelter Wut, indem er die Zähne fletschte. "Tot oder nicht tot, weiß ich doch, daß euer ganzes Geschlecht mich hasset, und dafür muß ich mich rächen."
Ohne weitere Umstände zu machen, zerriß er das Lämmchen und verschlang es.
Das Gewissen regt sich selbst bei dem größten Bösewichte; er sucht doch nach Vorwand, um dasselbe damit bei Begehung seiner Schlechtigkeiten zu beschwichtigen.
Quelle: https://eden.one/fabeln-aesop-das-lamm-und-der-wolf
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:03:54► Ebooks
- 🌐 Open Slum - Book Site Index / Uptime Tracking
- ⭐ Anna's Archive, 2, 3, 4 - Books / Comics / Educational / Expand Downloads / Subreddit
- ⭐ Library Genesis - Books / Comics / Manga / Tools / Mirrors
- ⭐ Z-Library, 2, 3, 4, 5 - Books / Comics / Educational / Apps / Extensions / .onion, 2 / Subreddit
- ⭐ Bookracy, 2, 3, 4 / Download Buttons / Mirrors / Subreddit / Discord / Telegram
- ⭐ Mobilism, 2 - Books / Audiobooks / Magazines / Newspapers / Comics / Sign-Up Required / User Ranks
- ⭐ MyAnonaMouse - Private Tracker / Books / Audiobooks / Comics / Sheet Music / Invite
- Archive.org - Books / Audiobooks / Magazines / Newspapers / Tools
- Liber3
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- FreeBannedBooks - US Banned Books
- Reading CSE / 2 / 3 / 4, Rave or Recherche - Multi-Site Book Search
- Calibre - Ebook Manager / Downloader / Libraries / Tools
- Book Search Guide - Guide to Finding Articles / Books
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- IRC Book Tools - Guide / mIRC / Downloader
- BookSee
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- dpgroup - Books / Magazines / Sign-Up Required
- eBookBB or iBookPile
- AllBooksWorld - Telegram
- Novel12 - Web Novels / Read Online
- IsIDore
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- Avalon Library - Conspirology Books
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- FreeEditorial - Public Domain & Indie Books / Read Online / Spanish
- NovelsArchive - Telegram
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- ExClassics - Public Domain Obscure Books / Read Online
- Hoopla - Library Card Required
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- /r/FreeEBOOKS
▷ Public Domain
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- ⭐ Unglue.it
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- WorldCat, LibrarySearch or TRL - Search Local Libraries / Extension
▷ PDF Search
- ⭐ PDF Drive - Books
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▷ Calibre Libraries
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▷ Fanfiction / Stories
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- Rosicrucian Esotericism Lecture - Rosicrucian Esotericism
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- 84000 - Buddhism
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- Early Christian Writings - Christianity / Gnosticism
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- Quran.com / 2 or AbcQuran - Quran Translations / Mobile
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▷ Special Interest
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▷ Ebook Readers
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- ⭐ Foxit - PDF Reader / PC / Android / iOS / Linux / Mac / Pro / Warning
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- ⭐ EinkBro - E-Ink Browser
- ComparisonTabl.es - Compare E-Readers
- Postlight, Reader Mode or Tranquility - Article Readers / Managers
- EBook Reader - Ebook Reader / PC / Android / iOS / Mac
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- KoReader - Ebook Reader / PC / Android / GitHub
- Jane Reader - Ebook Reader / PC / Mac
- FBReader - Ebook Reader / PC / Android / iOS
- Alexandria - PC / Linux / Mac
- Librum - Ebook Reader / PC / Linux / Mac / GitHub
- Thorium - Ebook Reader / PC / Mac / Linux
- Okular - PDF / Linux / PC / Mac
- Aquile Reader - Ebook Reader / PC
- Icecream Reader - Ebook Reader / PC
- Foliate - Ebook Reader / Linux
- qPDFview - PDF / PC
- mupdf - PDF / PC / Linux / Android
- Evince - PDF / DjVu Reader / Linux
- Sioyek - PDF / PC / Mac / Linux
- Yomu - Ebook Reader / iOS / Mac
- FBReader - Ebook Reader / iOS / Mac
- FF PDF - PDF / Linux
- WinDjView - DjVu Reader / PC
- DjVuLibr - DjVu Reader / PC
- bookworm - Elementary OS Ebook Reader
- AnyFlip - Interactive Flipbook Reader
- All My Books - Book Catalog
- Open Media Library - Online Book Manager
- Cubari - Image Proxy / Reader
- dotepub - Convert Webpages to EBooks
- The Open Book - DIY Ebook Reader
- KoboCloud - Sync Kobo to Cloud Services
▷ Kindle Tools
- ↪️ Kindle Jailbreak Tools
- ⭐ Kindle Comic Converter - Multi-Format Converter
- FreeReadFeed - Free Kindle Releases
- ToKindle or Send to Kobo/Kindle / GitHub - Send Ebooks to Kindle
- Ebook Sender or ebook_to_kindle_bot - Send Ebooks to Kindle / Telegram Bots
- md2mobi - HTML to Kindle Converter
- Remove Kindle DRM - Remove DRM from Kindle
- Kindle to PDF - Kindle to PDF Conversion Guide
- Amazon Kindle EPUB Fix - Fix EPUB to work with Send to Kindle
► Audiobooks
- ⭐ Eleven Reader, Audiblez or Ebook2Audiobook - Ebook to Audiobook Converters
- AudioBookConverter - Audiobook Format Converter
- Audible Tools, AaxAudioConverter or Libation - Remove DRM from Audible Audiobooks
- AudiobookShelf / GitHub or BookSonic - Self-Hosted Audiobook Servers
▷ Downloading
- ⭐ Mobilism Audiobooks, 2 / User Ranks
- ⭐ AudiobookBay - Torrents / Warning
- ⭐ MyAnonaMouse - Invites
- ⭐ Audiobook CSE or Rave Search - Multi-Site Audiobook Search
- AudioBooksBee
- Audiobookss
- LearnOutLoud
- Golden Audiobooks
- DigitalBook
- Librivox
- Book Radio
- Audiobooks For Soul
- AppAudiobooks
- Litgu.ru
- AudiobooksArchive - Telegram
- audiobooks_English - Telegram
- Audible (selected) - Telegram
- FreeClassicAudiobooks - Classic Audiobooks
- Storynory - Children Audio Stories
- Audiobooks Poetry - Audiobooks / Poetry
- audiobook-dl - Audiobook Download Tool
- OverDrive - OverDrive Audiobook Download Script
▷ Streaming
- ⭐ Tokybook / Downloader, 2
- ⭐ NEPU Audiobooks
- FullLengthAudiobooks
- HDAudiobooks
- BigAudiobooks
- HotAudioBooks
- BookAudiobook
- GalaxyAudiobooks / Downloader
- CD Audiobook
- zAudiobooks
- Find Audiobook
- Audio AZ
- /r/audiobooksonyoutube
- Spotify Audiobooks - Select Playlists
► Visual Media
▷ Comics
- ⭐ ReadComicsOnline
- ⭐ BatCave
- ⭐ GetComics - Download Comics
- ⭐ ComicBookPlus - Golden Age Comics
- ⭐ Explosm - Cyanide & Happiness Webcomics
- ⭐ xkcd or findxkcd - xkcd Webcomics / Explanations
- ⭐ Comic CSE - Multi-Site Comic Search
- XOXO Comics
- Read Comics Online
- NewComic - Downloads
- 4chan /co/ - Weekly Downloads
- Read Full Comic / 2
- OldComicsWorld - Golden Age Comic Downloads
- DigitalComicMuseum - Golden Age Comic Downloads
- ComicsForAll - Golden Age Comic Downloads
- GoComics - Comics Strips / Bypass Paywalls, 2
- Comics Kingdom - Comics Strips
- The Oatmeal - Webcomics
- Hiveworks Comics - Webcomics
- Loading Artist - Webcomics
- Collective of Heroes - Superhero Webcomics
- Comic Book Library - Tor Required
- ComicEater - Comic Archiving Tools
- Comics Downloader, mylar3, Comic-DL - Comic Downloaders
- Cover, MComix, CBR Reader, Stump, comic-book-reader, OpenComic or YACReader - Readers / Managers
- Free Dark Horse Digital Comics
- ComicFury - User-Made Comics
- Comic Translate - Comic Translator
- Webcomix - Webcomics Downloader
- ComicReader or KThoom - Online Reader
- Komga - Comic / Manga Media Server / Discord / GitHub
- ComicTagger - Comic Metadata Tagger
▷ Manga
- 🌐 Wotaku / Discord, The Index / Wiki / Discord or EverythingMoe, 2 / Discord - Manga Sites Indexes
- ↪️ Manga Readers / Managers
- ↪️ Manga Downloaders
- ⭐ ComicK / Discord
- ⭐ MangaDex / Downloader / Script
- ⭐ Weeb Central
- ⭐ BATO.TO, 2 / Proxies / Discord
- ⭐ MangaPark / Proxies / Discord
- ⭐ Nyaa Manga / LNs - Torrents
- MangaKatana
- MangaFire / Discord
- The Manga Library
- MangaReader / Subreddit / Discord
- MangaBerri
- MangaHub
- Cubari Proxy - Multi Site Web Client / Discord
- Rive Manga
- Great Discord Links or MangaDex Groups - Manga Scanlation Groups
- Madokami - Makokami Download Guide / Archive
- MovieMaze
- Atsumaru / Discord
- MangaTown
- OniManga
- Shiroko
- MangaHasu
- mangapill
- Webtoon
- Like Manga
- Wuxia World
- Toonily - Manhwa
- Manhuafast - Manhua
- Manhwatop - Manhwa
- ManhwaClan - Manhwa
- MangaHere or MangaFox
- MangaBuddy, MangaForest or MangaMirror
- MP4DIRECTS - Manga / Light Novels Download Forum
- Manga CSE / CSE 2 - Multi-Site Manga Search
- Seanime - Self-Hosted Manga App
- Kaizoku - Self-Hosted Manga Downloader
- Manga APIs - Manga Site API's
- Webcomic Reader - Preloads Images, Remembers Progress and Keyboard Support
- BallonsTranslator, Cotrans or Scanlate - Manga Translators
- Manga-Manager - Manga Managers
- Raw Manga Sites
▷ Light Novels
- 🌐 Wotaku - Light Novel Index / Discord
- 🌐 EverythingMoe, 2 - Light Novel Sites Index / Discord
- 🌐 The Index - Light Novel Site Index / Discord / Wiki
- ⭐ Novel Updates
- ⭐ jnovels or MP4DIRECTS / Allows Downloads
- Visual Novels Android - Android Visual Novel Ports
- Just Light Novels / Allows Downloads
- LightNovelHeaven, AllNovel, NovelFull or NOVGO
- Vynovel
- Light Novel World, 2
- Ranobes
- Baka-Tsuki
- Armaell's Library / Allows Downloads
- WuxiaWorld
- WuxiaSpot
- LightNovelPub
- WebNovel.com
- AsianHobbyist
- Wordrain69
- Wuxiabox
- NovelGo
- Wuxia.click
- Ocean of EPUB / Allows Downloads
- Novel Bin, 2
- wuxiabee
- NobleMTL
- NovelLMAO
- ReadNovelFull
- FreeWebNovel
- Translated Light Novels / Allows Downloads
- NovelNext
- NovelBuddy, 2
- Wuxia Box
- NovelCool
- Novels.pl / Allows Downloads
- Scribblehub
- Novel Hall
- Rekt Novel Compilations
- WoopRead
- Royal Road - Web Novels
- Light Novel Archive or LN_Index - Telegram
- Book Smelting Bot - Telegram / Bot
- Baka-Tsuki - Novels / Audio Recordings
- LN-Crawler-Colab / GitHub, Lightnovel Crawler, novel-downloader, QuickNovel or anime-dl - Light Novel Downloaders
- WebToEpub - Novel to EPUB Converter
- LNMTL or Omni - Light Novel Translators
- Scan Updates - Scan Release Updates
▷ Magazines
- ⭐ Mobilism Magazines - Multi-Host / User Ranks
- ⭐ PDFMagazines - Novafile
- ⭐ DownMagaz - Novafile / Turbobit
- ⭐ MagazineLib - VK
- ⭐ MagzDB - DDL
- Calameo - Online Reading
- Magzter - Online Reading
- FlipHTML5 - Online Reading
- Magazine Rack - Archive.org
- Computer Magazines - Archive.org
- freemagazines - VK
- FreeMagazinePDF - VK
- ENMagazine - Telegram
- ItsAllInEnglish - Telegram
- World Mags - Nitroflare / Novafile
- PDF Dude - Novafile
- PDF Magazines Download - Novafile
- PDF Magaz - Novafile
- PDF Magazines Archive - Novafile
- MagDownload - Nitroflare
- WholeEarth - Whole Earth Science Magazines
- Lainzine - Lain-Inspired Magazine
- Retromags or VGHF - Retro Game Magazines
- PC Zone - PC Zone Magazines
- CGW Museum - Computer Gaming World Magazines
- Atari Magazines - Classic Computer Magazine Archive
- RadioShack Catalogs - RadioShack Catalog Archive
- HomePower - Home Power Magazines
- Archive Fashion for the World - Fashion Magazines
▷ Newspapers
- 🌐 Veridian - Newspaper Archive List
- ↪️ Bypass Newspaper Paywalls
- ↪️ Worldwide News Sites
- ⭐ Mobilism Newspapers / User Ranks
- ⭐ Google Newspaper Search
- Sanet.st
- Meta-Press - Newspaper Search
- EngNewspapers - Telegram
- newspaper_archive - Telegram
- Chronicling America
- Kiosko
- FultonHistory
- Loc.gov Newspapers
- Newspapers
- ThoughtCo
- Library of Congress Newspapers
- Archive.org Newspapers
- World-Newspapers, NewsPaperIndex or Paperboy - Online Newspaper Indexes
- LA Times
- Front Pages - Newspaper Front Pages
- Europeana Newspapers - European Historical Newspapers
- Newspaper Map - Find / Translate Worldwide Newspapers
► Educational Books
- 🌐 IvyPanda - Educational Book Site Index
- ↪️ Language Learning Resources
- ⭐ Openstax
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-
@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b
2025-05-12 12:23:54警惕:那些“帮你”保管密钥的人
—— 多签钱包中的隐形风险与逻辑陷阱
“我们可以帮您设置一个更安全的钱包。” 这句话,听上去就像是关心,其实却可能是一次有预谋的接管。
摘要
多签钱包被广泛视为提升数字资产安全性的“进阶方案”,尤其适用于不希望将所有信任寄托于单一点故障(如一把私钥)的人群。然而,在这些看似“民主化”、“抗单点失败”的技术结构背后,仍潜藏着极为隐秘且被低估的风险。
本文聚焦两类常见却高度隐蔽的逻辑攻击模型:
- 替换 xpub 并接管下一层级地址生成;
- 伪造
k-of-n
多签结构,在形式上给予用户参与感,实则实现单人提款。
在未引入 Taproot 的传统多签结构下,这类攻击已能轻易完成。而即便在 Taproot 和 MuSig2 合约模型下,攻击者也可以借助合成结构进一步隐藏其篡改行为。
本报告不仅梳理攻击逻辑,更强调“人性中的信任误区”——攻击者不需要主动索取密钥,只需要维持友善形象,自会有用户主动递交钥匙。更令人警惕的是,在某些极端场景下,这类“被信任的服务商”甚至可能向受害者收取“保管密钥”的费用后再实施盗窃,形成双重获利。
Taproot 虽然在结构上增强了隐私与复杂性,但也使验证逻辑失去了可直观还原的优势。随着时间推移、服务厂商退出市场乃至私有恢复流程被锁死,用户极可能落入无法恢复的“密钥黑箱”中。
阅读本文,希望你能意识到:
真正的安全,从不是托付给别人帮你“多签”,而是你真正理解你签了什么、和谁签的、签名之后将通往哪一个脚本。
多签钱包的逻辑攻击向量分析
以 xpub 替换与伪造 k-of-n 结构为例
攻击模型一:替换 xpub 实现地址劫持
场景设定
攻击者假扮为友好的钱包初始化服务者,主动提出“免费帮你生成一个更安全的多签钱包”。表面上,他为你设置了标准的 HD 多签结构,实际上却在关键的派生路径中,悄悄将本应由你或另一个可信方持有的 xpub 替换为他自己的。
在 HD 钱包结构(例如 BIP45、BIP67)中,用户通常无法直观验证每一个新地址是否仍属于原来的签名组。这种设计让“看上去很安全”的地址,可能早已成为攻击者可完全支配的提款口袋。
攻击结构(逻辑表示)
- 假设多签参与者为
P1, P2, P3
- 攻击者控制伪造者身份
P1'
,实际替代掉用户的P1
- 地址生成函数为:
Addr = f(xpub(P1'), xpub(P2), xpub(P3))
- 用户未验证 xpub 时,成立:
∃ Addr_i ∈ wallet, spendable_by(attacker)
换言之,钱包中的某些地址虽然看起来正常,但已可被攻击者花费。
人性陷阱提示
用户往往不认为“地址生成这件事”是需要人工检查的,特别是在使用 Ledger、Trezor 等硬件钱包时形成了“签名即安全”的错觉。而攻击者只需一次替换,就能悄悄监视整个钱包生命周期。
更重要的是,攻击者不需要向你“索取密钥”,他只需维持友善、专业甚至略带“为你好”的姿态。在 100 个用户中,总会有一部分人,在受到“信任感”与“他人看起来更专业”的影响下,主动提出将某个密钥托管给对方,甚至支付一定“密钥保管费”作为安全保障。这类行为并非愚蠢,而是人性的一部分。
这种松懈与依赖,背后深植着心理学上著名的「责任分散效应(diffusion of responsibility)」。当责任从“自己一人持有私钥”转变为“我们多人共同掌控”时,大脑会自动削弱“必须百分百保护密钥”的紧迫感;一旦密钥有三份或五份,人就会默认“即使我丢了一份也无所谓”,由此降低警惕,弱化加密习惯的执行力度。
尤其是在多签结构下,密钥不再是“唯一真理”。你开始认为:“我只是 n-of-m 的一员”,进而产生 安全责任稀释(safety dilution)。举个例子:如果你的 seed words 是唯一的,你很可能将其写在一张专用纸上,藏入防火袋,存放于密封保险箱中;但一旦你拥有的是 3-of-5 多签中的一份,你可能就只是把它存在 Evernote、存图于手机相册,或者发给自己 Telegram 备份——并自我安慰说:“这只是其中一把钥匙,又不怕。”
这正是攻击者渗透的最佳入口。他无需破解密码学算法,仅凭理解人性中的懒惰、依赖与责任下沉机制,就足以发起极具杀伤力的社会工程攻击。
提醒:没有人例外。你的安全不是由数学公式决定,而是由你是否对它持续保持敬畏与冷静判断所决定的。
Taproot 下的隐蔽性升级
在 Taproot + MuSig2 合约结构中:
- 合成公钥如:
P = H(P1 + P2 + P3)
- 用户无法从地址推导出其组成
- 所有 pubkey 被掩盖,无任何可读性结构泄露
结果:攻击者替换某个 xpub 之后,哪怕是资深用户,也无法通过比对地址结构来发现任何异常。
攻击模型二:伪造 k-of-n 多签脚本结构
场景设定
攻击者承诺为你部署一个“非常安全”的
2-of-3
多签钱包。然而他实际创建的却是一个1-of-3
结构,并诱导你保留或交出其中一个密钥。用户一旦信任其脚本不可见性(或 UI 模糊性),资金注入该地址之后,攻击者即可单独提款。
攻击结构(逻辑描述)
- 正确脚本应为:
OP_2 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
- 实际被构造为:
OP_1 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
- 用户错误地相信:
user_believes(k=2) ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → safe
- 但实际上:
real_k = 1 ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → attacker_can_spend
成立条件
- 用户未能验证 redeem script
- 钱包界面(UI 或 PSBT)未明确标识 k 值与脚本结构
- 攻击者拥有脚本定义权,或 UI 权限
人性陷阱提示
这类攻击往往并非“高技术”,而是利用用户对脚本结构的无感。尤其是当攻击者扮演“技术专家”时,用户往往不具备审查 redeem script 的能力或意识。攻击者甚至可以用“给你设置一个冷备密钥”作为幌子,骗取部分 key,并收取额外费用。
多签攻击模型对比分析(无表格)
- 攻击类型一:xpub 替换
- 本质:公钥注入
- 隐蔽性:极高(生成地址完全正常)
- 关键条件:用户未验证每个 xpub
-
Taproot 是否能规避:否,反而更难发现
-
攻击类型二:伪造 k-of-n
- 本质:脚本结构欺骗
- 隐蔽性:中等(需查看 redeem script 才能识别)
- 关键条件:用户不懂脚本,UI 不展示结构
- Taproot 是否能规避:否,合约结构反而隐藏了更多细节
安全建议(基于当前攻击模型)
- 强制在 UI 中完整展示所有 xpub、合成地址派生路径与对应签名人列表
- 如 Coldcard 的二维码验证机制
- 用户必须自行保存每个 xpub,并可验证任一地址确实源自该集合派生
- 多签钱包必须提供可见 redeem script 的界面与 k 值校验提示
- 不接受“帮你配置好了”的 UI 黑箱
- Taproot 虽增强隐私,但也加剧验证障碍
- 若使用合签结构,应避免依赖第三方界面进行签名决策
- 始终优先使用硬件钱包本地签名流程,避免通过 Web 或中间服务生成交易
真实案例分析
1. Coldcard 硬件钱包的 xpub 替换漏洞
2021 年,安全研究员 benma 发现 Coldcard 硬件钱包在注册多签钱包时,未验证自身是否为多签钱包的一部分。这使得恶意计算机钱包可以用攻击者控制的 xpub 替换多签 xpub,同时仍通过所有用户验证。所有接收到此多签钱包的币随后可以随时转移到攻击者的钱包。
来源:benma.github.io2. Bybit 交易所的多签钱包被黑事件
2025 年 2 月,Bybit 交易所的多签冷钱包在一次例行转账中被黑,损失约 14.6 亿美元。该钱包使用 2-of-3 多签设置,意味着需要三位授权签名人中的两位批准交易。用户界面显示了合法的目标地址,并且 URL 与受信任的多签提供商 Safe 相关联。但这是一种欺骗。黑客利用硬件钱包中的“盲签名”漏洞,使设备只能显示交易的哈希,从而掩盖了一个更改,使攻击者控制了钱包的智能合约。
来源:certora.com3. Parity 多签钱包漏洞
2017 年,Parity 多签钱包版本 1.5+ 中发现了一个漏洞,允许攻击者窃取超过 150,000 ETH(约 3000 万美元)。攻击者向受影响的合约发送两个交易:第一个获取多签的独占所有权,第二个移动其所有资金。
来源:blog.openzeppelin.com
攻击流程图解
- 建立信任:攻击者以技术专家或受信任的服务提供商身份接近受害者,提出帮助设置多签钱包。
- 替换 xpub:在设置过程中,攻击者用自己控制的 xpub 替换原本应由用户或第三方控制的 xpub。
- 生成地址:攻击者生成看似正常的多签地址,并展示给用户,用户未进行验证。
- 资金注入:用户将资金转入这些地址,认为资金安全。
- 资金转移:攻击者利用控制的私钥,单方面将资金转出,用户无法察觉。
参考文献
附录:攻击面分析——为何 xpub 替换是多签特有的风险?
单签钱包是否存在 xpub 替换攻击?
答案:否。
在单签钱包结构中(如 BIP32/BIP39 衍生的标准钱包):
- 钱包只依赖一个 xpub,并且这个 xpub 是从用户私钥派生而来;
- Coldcard、Trezor 等硬件钱包会自动根据本地 seed 派生地址,无需输入外部 xpub;
- 用户可以通过设备显示屏确认“这是我派生出来的地址”,不存在外部注入路径。
因此:xpub 替换在单签钱包中不存在攻击面,攻击路径被封死。
多签钱包为什么引入了 xpub 攻击面?
多签钱包(如 2-of-3、3-of-5)需要以下信息来生成地址:
- 所有参与者的 xpub;
- 公钥排序规则(如 BIP67);
- 多签脚本模板(如 OP_2
OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG); - 每个 key 的派生路径(如 m/48'/0'/0'/2'/0/1);
这就意味着,用户必须信任这些输入的 xpub 是来自真正的签名方。如果攻击者悄悄将其中某一份换成自己控制的 xpub,那他就自动成为地址共管人,甚至是单签人。
Coldcard 攻击案例回顾:
- 用户通过 PSBT 模板或 JSON 导入多签配置;
- 攻击者在其中替换了某一参与者的 xpub;
- Coldcard 在旧版本中未提示或验证该替换;
- 用户生成地址、发送资金,攻击者即可随时提取。
攻击面比较表
- 单签钱包
- 不接收外部 xpub,派生路径完全由设备掌控;
- 地址来源明确、签名单一;
-
xpub 替换攻击无效。
-
多签钱包
- 依赖多个外部 xpub 合成结构;
- 用户很难手动验证每一条 xpub 与 fingerprint;
- xpub 替换为高危攻击点。
Taproot 是否规避了 xpub 替换问题?
部分规避,但引入了新的验证难题。
Taproot + MuSig2 等结构通过将多个 pubkey 合成为一个点:
P = H(P1 + P2 + P3)
这确实可以隐藏合约结构,提升隐私,但也导致:
- 用户无法从地址还原参与者是谁;
- 如果其中一个公钥被攻击者替换,生成的地址仍然合法;
- 用户在链上看不到任何异常,但攻击者已取得合约控制权。
因此:Taproot 并未从根本上消除 xpub 替换的攻击面,反而因为其不可还原性使得攻击更加隐蔽。
总结
多签钱包之所以引入新的攻击面,不是因为它“更复杂”,而是因为它必须信任外部结构。一旦你的钱包要“与他人协作生成地址”,你就必须验证“这些人是谁”、“这些地址是怎么来的”——这就是攻击的入口。
单签保护的是私钥,
多签则要求你保护你的伙伴。 -
@ cb4352cd:a16422d7
2025-05-12 12:18:41In the early days of the internet, openness was a foundational value. Today, as the financial world undergoes its next great evolution, that same principle is making a powerful return — this time through open-source code, permissionless protocols, and user-owned ecosystems. The future of finance isn’t just digital. It’s open.
Beyond the Institution: A Shift in Trust
Traditional finance has always been built around institutions — banks, central authorities, and regulatory bodies. While these structures offer stability, they also limit access, enforce gatekeeping, and concentrate power.
Permissionless innovation flips this model. Instead of asking for approval, builders create protocols that anyone can use, fork, or improve. In DeFi, anyone with an internet connection can lend, borrow, or trade without relying on a centralized intermediary.
Composability: Financial Lego for the Internet Age
Open protocols don’t just stand alone — they connect. In Web3, composability means developers can build on top of each other’s code like financial Lego blocks. This accelerates experimentation and reduces duplication of effort.
You can build a lending protocol that integrates with a decentralized exchange, which in turn connects to a stablecoin, creating a rich, interoperable financial ecosystem — all without closed APIs or licensing fees.
DAOs and the Redefinition of Governance
Openness is not only about access — it’s about control. Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) allow communities to govern protocols, allocate resources, and shape development roadmaps. In contrast to top-down decision-making, DAOs are built on transparency, collective voting, and participatory ownership.
As financial systems move on-chain, governance itself becomes programmable. This allows for more adaptive, responsive institutions that can evolve with user needs — not just boardroom mandates.
More Than Code: A Philosophical Shift
Open finance isn’t just a stack of protocols. It reflects a deeper belief: that financial systems should be inclusive, interoperable, and transparent by design.
This philosophy challenges legacy ideas of exclusivity and control. It opens space for local currencies, niche communities, experimental markets, and user-first financial design. It treats users not as passive consumers but as co-owners and co-builders.
How Beyond Banking Conference by WeFi Embraces Openness
This vision of open finance is a central theme of the Beyond Banking Conference by WeFi. Taking place online on May 30, 2025, the conference brings together pioneers from DeFi, AI, Web3, and FinTech to discuss permissionless technologies, composable architecture, and the human values behind them.
Speakers will explore how openness fuels innovation, and how protocol design shapes access, governance, and trust. From DAOs to AI-powered DeFi, the program emphasizes tools that scale freedom — not just efficiency.
In the future, finance won’t just be smart. It will be open. And that changes everything.
-
@ 866e0139:6a9334e5
2025-05-12 10:41:33Autor: Bastian Barucker. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.
Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.
John Lennon besang in seinem weltberühmten Lied „Imagine“ die fast unvorstellbare Utopie einer Welt, in der es keinen Grund mehr zu töten gäbe und die Menschen in Frieden zusammen leben. Die enorme Resonanz und Verbreitung dieser Zeilen zeigt den Wunsch fast aller Menschen nach Frieden. Wie Lennon zu diesen Zeilen kam, ist ein Hinweis darauf, dass es dazu neben geopolitischen Analysen und deren Verbreitung durch eine nicht eingebettete und freie Presse vielleicht noch etwas braucht: Schattenarbeit – ein bewusstes Hinwenden zu den eigenen Tiefen der Persönlichkeit, dem inneren Tiefenstaat.
Was ist der Tiefenstaat?
Mit dem Begriff Tiefenstaat verbinde ich Strukturen, die Edward Bernays bereits vor knapp 100 Jahren in seinem Grundlagenwerk „Propaganda“ beschrieb. Im Vorwort schreibt er: „Organisationen, die im Verborgenen arbeiten, lenken die gesellschaftlichen Abläufe. Sie sind die eigentlichen Regierungen in unserem Land.“ Er verwendet diesbezüglich auch das Wort „Schattenkabinett“. Im Bereich der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung wird der Begriff „Schattenarbeit“ dafür verwendet, unbekannte, aber einflussreiche Anteile des eigenen Selbst zu entdecken und zu integrieren.
Lennon begab sich in den 70er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts auf die Reise zu sich selbst. Sein Weg führte ihn zum Psychologen Dr. Arthur Janov, der Menschen mithilfe der von ihm entwickelten Primärtherapie dabei begleitete, sich ihrer primären Prägungen und frühkindlichen Traumatisierungen bewusst zu werden und abgespaltenen Schmerz wieder zu erleben, um sich davon zu befreien. Entgegen stark kognitiv geprägter Ansätze wie der Gesprächstherapie steht bei dieser Art der Therapie Gefühlsausdruck im Vordergrund. Janov selbst schreibt dazu: «Die Krankheit ist die Verleugnung des Fühlens, und das Heilmittel ist das Fühlen.»
Auch der Psychologe und Psychotherapeut Franz Ruppert beschäftigt sich intensiv mit dem Fühlen als einem möglichen Weg, eine Traumatisierung aufzuarbeiten. Er schreibt Folgendes über die Bedeutung des Fühlens in seinem Buch „Wer bin ich in einer traumatisierten Gesellschaft“: „Denn letztlich können nur über das Ausdrücken von Gefühlen die fragmentierten psychischen Strukturen wieder zu einer Einheit zusammenfinden.“
Lennon war es möglich, die immense Menge an Schmerz zu entdecken, die er verborgen in sich trug, und er erkannte dabei, welche Verhaltensweisen und Bewältigungsstrategien damit verbunden waren. Laut Lennon ist „Unser Schmerz der Schmerz, durch den wir die ganze Zeit gehen. Du wirst in Schmerz hineingeboren, und wir befinden uns meist im Schmerz. Und ich glaube, je größer der Schmerz ist, umso mehr Götter brauchen wir.“
Die Schilderungen von John Lennon decken sich mit den Erfahrungen meiner Selbsterfahrung und meiner mittlerweile über 10 Jahre langen Begleitungsarbeit in der durch den Schweizer Willi Maurer entwickelten Gefühls- und Körperarbeit.
Auch in dieser Arbeit geht es darum, abgespaltenen Schmerz langsam und über viele Jahre aus dem Schatten in das Bewusstsein zu integrieren, um nicht weiter von ihm unbewusst beeinflusst zu werden. Hunderte Male habe ich Menschen ihnen vorher unbekannten Hass, tiefe Trauer, unendliche Ohnmacht, starke Hilflosigkeit, aber auch Freude, tiefe Geborgenheit, Liebe und Friedfertigkeit entdecken und ausleben sehen. Selber habe ich mich nach einem einjährigen Aufenthalt in der nordamerikanischen Wildnis, bei dem es darum ging, so ehrlich wie möglich miteinander umzugehen, ausführlich meiner Selbsterfahrung gewidmet und dabei Intensitäten von Schmerz, aber auch Zufriedenheit entdeckt, die mir nicht vorstellbar erschienen.
Der Krieg in uns
Fast immer zeigte sich in den begleiteten Prozessen, dass die im Alltag, in der Partnerschaft oder in der Familie angerührten Gefühle aus der eigenen frühen Kindheit stammten. Innere, überfordernde „Kriege“ und Übergriffigkeiten, die auch das Leben im Außen zum Krieg werden ließen, erwachten zum Leben und durften endlich Ausdruck finden. Schlussendlich zeigte sich meist, dass es einen friedlichen Umgang mit der aktuellen Situation gibt, wenn die Altlast „entsorgt“ beziehungsweise kompostiert, also gefühlt und integriert wurde.
Franz Renggli beschreibt diese Psychodynamik in seinem Buch Verlassenheit und Angst – Nähe und Geborgenheit in Bezug auf Partnerschaft wie folgt:
„Die Erfahrung aller meiner Paarbegleitungen zeigt nun: Wenn nach der ersten Verliebtheit langsam der „Alltag“ in eine Beziehung einkehrt, neigen beide Partner immer mehr dazu, ihre Schattenseiten, ihre alten und frühen Verletzungen auch in der Beziehung zuzulassen. Je sicherer die Grenzen sind, desto vertrauensvoller dürfen diese frühen Schmerzen gespürt und erfahren werden. Wir „steigen dann wieder ab“ in unsere ursprüngliche Hölle der Verlassenheit, in die frühkindlichen Prägungen, wie ich sie hier beschrieben habe. Nur: die Hölle sind dann nicht länger die Eltern, sondern jetzt der Partner oder die Partnerin! Vielleicht könnte ich sie oder ihn umbringen vor Enttäuschung und Wut, weil er/sie mich so sehr verletzt hat. Und damit kann sie beginnen, die Heilung der alten Wunden in der Paarbeziehung! Aber nur dann, wenn wir bereit sind, unsere alten verletzten Gefühle wirklich zu spüren und zuzulassen. Und wenn wir zu diesem Schritt bereit sind, dann können wir auch gleichzeitig empfinden und wissen: Das sind unsere ureigensten alten Verletzungen, welche wir seit der Kindheit in uns tragen – ein Partner mit seinen Worten und seinem Verhalten ist nur der Auslöser unseres alten Schmerzes, ein harter Spiegel unserer alten Wunden! Wir alle haben unsere Partner entsprechend gewählt, damit wir in unseren Grundfesten immer wieder – neben allem Glück, das wir mit ihnen erleben und teilen dürfen – auch erschüttert werden.“
Diese wiederkehrenden Erschütterungen werden auch Reinszenierungszwang genannt und lassen Menschen immer wieder dieselben misslichen Lagen (mit)erschaffen, die ihnen Leid zufügen. Willi Maurer beschreibt diese Dynamik in einem sehr lesenswerten Artikel mit dem Titel „Die verschüttete Quelle des Friedens“ wie folgt: „Die Spirale der Gewalt zeigt, dass wir andern Menschen das antun, was uns selbst widerfahren ist. Doch ohne Selbsterforschung bleiben wir blind gegenüber der tief in uns verdrängt liegenden Wahrheit.“
Diese Reinszenierung ist gleichzeitig jedoch eine immer wiederkehrende Chance, sich der Ursache dieser Dynamik zuzuwenden. Das geschieht dann, wenn die Person sich als Erschaffer oder Erschafferin und nicht als reines Opfer der Umstände versteht und beginnt, die volle Verantwortung für das eigene Leben zu übernehmen.
Vor einigen Jahren brachte ich den Prozessbegleiter Willi Maurer und den Friedensforscher Dr. Daniele Ganser zu einem Gespräch zusammen, weil ich der Ansicht war, dass beide Friedensarbeit aus verschiedenen Perspektiven leisten. Es war eine Wohltat, zu erleben, wie Ganser durch die sehr authentischen Schilderungen Maurers zu ahnen begann, dass es eine Verbindung zwischen weltweiten Kriegen und frühen Erfahrungen geben kann. Was hat der Soldat, Politiker oder Geostratege erlebt, dass er in der Lage ist, Krieg zu befördern, zu verursachen oder auch nur zu dulden?
Vielleicht ist die immer wiederkehrende Kriegsbereitschaft und Kriegslust elitärer Kreise neben der wahrscheinlich frühkindlich erzeugten Gier nach Macht, Einfluss und Geld ebenfalls ein gesellschaftlicher Reinszenierungszwang. Die inneren Zerwürfnisse und Kriege müssen quasi ins Außen getragen werden, um sich dem im Schatten der eigenen Persönlichkeit wartenden Schmerz nicht zuwenden zu müssen.
Eine weitere Bewältigungsstrategie für innere, emotionale Zerwürfnisse ist die Projektion, also die Veräußerlichung des Eigenen auf andere. Ein hier vielleicht Sinn stiftendes Beispiel ist die immer wieder betonte weitestgehend unbelegte Unterstellung imperialistischer Bestrebungen Russlands im Zuge des völkerrechtswidrigen Krieges in der Ukraine. Meist kommt diese Behauptung von Vertretern oder Unterstützern der NATO, die – wie an ihrer großflächigen, gegen westliche Zusagen an Russland verstoßenden NATO-Osterweiterung leicht zu erkennen – offensichtlich selbst imperialistische Bestrebungen verfolgt.
Die Projektion ins Außen
Interessanterweise hat ausgerechnet Präsident Putin in anschaulichen Worten beschrieben, was unter anderem mit im Schatten liegenden Persönlichkeitsanteilen auch auf geopolitischer Ebene passieren kann. Sie werden anderen Menschen oder Staaten zugeschrieben, also ins Außen projiziert. Auf die Beschuldigung durch US-Präsidenten Joe Biden, ein Mörder zu sein, antwortete Putin: „Aber wenn wir andere Menschen bewerten, oder wenn wir sogar andere Staaten, andere Völker bewerten, sehen wir immer in den Spiegel, wir sehen uns immer selbst, weil wir auf eine andere Person übertragen, was wir selbst sind, was uns im Wesentlichen ausmacht. Wissen Sie, ich erinnere mich, als wir als Kinder im Hinterhof waren, als wir miteinander gestritten und gesagt haben: Wie Du andere nennst, so bist Du selbst. Und das ist kein Zufall, das ist nicht nur ein Kindersprichwort oder ein Witz. Der Sinn ist sehr psychologisch. Wir sehen immer unsere eigenen Qualitäten in einer anderen Person und denken, dass sie so ist wie wir, und daraus bewerten wir ihr Handeln und bewerten sie insgesamt.“
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sMAHWH_hhQ
Der bereits erwähnte Tiefenstaat, also eine quasi Schattenregierung, existiert auf der geopolitischen Weltbühne und bestimmt größtenteils die Geschicke, insbesondere wenn es um Krieg und Frieden geht. Der Kognitionsforscher Professor Rainer Mausfeld beschreibt die unsichtbar im Hintergrund wirkenden Strukturen in seinem Buch „Angst und Macht“ wie folgt: „Die tatsächliche Macht ist heute in neuartigen globalen Organisationsformen verortet, die vollkommen einer gesellschaftlichen Kontrolle entzogen sind, die für die Bevölkerung weitgehend unsichtbar sind…“
Gleiches gilt meiner Annahme nach auch für die persönlichen Machtverhältnisse, bei denen eigene Schattenanteile ebenfalls großen Einfluss auf die sichtbaren Verhaltensweisen nehmen. Dieser unbewusste Anteil kann auf der einen Seite Macht über die eigene Kriegsbereitschaft und Friedenstüchtigkeit ausüben, auf der anderen Seite wird er von Kriegstreibern mittels kognitiver Kriegsführung aktiv benutzt, um die Bevölkerung zu manipulieren. Der Propagandaforscher Dr. Jonas Tögel schreibt dazu: „Die Tiefenpsychologie dient als Fundament der wohl wichtigsten Manipulationswaffe: die gezielte Beeinflussung des Unbewussten der menschlichen Psyche. Wie bei einem Eisberg liegt ein großer Teil unserer Gedanken und Gefühle „unter der Wasseroberfläche“, und hier können wir so beeinflusst werden, dass wir die Steuerung selbst oft nicht bemerken.“
Der Tiefe Staat kann also ungesehen politisch schalten und walten und gleichzeitig die unbewussten Anteile der menschlichen Psyche zu seinen Gunsten ausnutzen.
Teil 2 folgt in Kürze.
Bastian Barucker, Jahrgang 83, ist Wildnispädagoge, Überlebenstrainer und Prozessbegleiter. Seit 2005 begleitet er Menschen bei Wachstumsprozessen in der Natur. Seit 2011 macht er mithilfe der Gefühls- und Körperarbeit tiefgreifende Selbsterfahrungen, und seit 2014 begleitet er Gruppen, Paare und Einzelpersonen. Er lebt und arbeitet im wunderschönen Lassaner Winkel, nahe der Insel Usedom. Zuletzt erschien von ihm das Buch "Auf Spurensuche nach Natürlichkeit: Vom Leben in der Wildnis und der Reise zu sich selbst" im Massel Verlag.
Kontakt: www.bastian-barucker.de
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@ a9434ee1:d5c885be
2025-05-12 08:09:26Colors as a fun and useful identifier
Nostr apps often use totally random colors for their default avatars, profiles names in chat bubbles, etc... That's a missed opportunity. Why don't we just we just derive a color from the npub and use that instead, interoperably across apps?
It gives us a fun and visual extra point of recognition, often without having to add anything extra to the UIs.
The only problem is that we cannot just allow for any color. The colors should be readable as text in Light and Dark modes and gray-scales should be avoided too.
This is the goal:
Luckily, there's a super simple solution.
(which was used to derive the colors above)Deriving the Colors
You can find the simple spec here: nostr: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
TLDR: 1. Convert HEX pubkey to Int 2. Calculate the Hue value: Int % 360 3. Set Saturation to 90 for Hues between 216 and 273, use 80 for the rest 4. Set Brightness to 65 for Hues between 32 and 212, use 85 for the rest
Convert HSB color to whatever format you need. Done.
Easy & Fun to integrate!
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-13 00:00:11- Note - Use redirect bypassers to skip link shorteners, and remember its important to have adblocker when using DDL sites.
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- ⭐ Ova Games - Download / Redirect Bypass Required
- ⭐ Torrminatorr - Download / Forum / Account Required
- Game Download CSE, Game Torrent CSE, Rezi Search, Rave Search / 2 or /r/PiratedGames CSE - Multi-Site Search Engines
- SteamUnderground - Download / Torrent / Pre-Installs / Discord
- g4u - Download / PW:
404
- GLoad - Download
- GameBounty - Download / Discord
- UnionCrax - Download / Discord
- appnetica - Download / Torrent / Pre-Installs
- AtopGames - Download / Pre-Installs / Discord
- Reloaded Steam - Download / Pre-Installs / Discord
- Rexa Games - Download / Pre-Installs / Discord
- TriahGames - Download / Discord / PW:
www.triahgames.com
- GetFreeGames - Download / Discord
- World of PC Games - Download / Pre-Installs / Use Adblock / Site Info
- Games4U - Download / Use Adblock
- CG Games - Download
- GamePCFull - Download
- Leeching Hell - Download
- IWannaPlay - Download / Telegram Required
- IRC Games - Download Games via IRC
- FreeToGame or Acid Play - F2P Games / Trackers
- ROM Heaven CSF - Download Clean Steam Files
▷ Game Repacks
- Note - Repacks are compressed versions of games that exchange smaller downloads for longer installation times. Good if you have low bandwidth or data limits.
- ⭐ KaOsKrew, Masquerade Repacks or ScOOt3r Repacks - Download / Torrent / Discord
- ⭐ FitGirl Repacks - Download / Torrent / ROM Repacks / Desktop Launcher / Unofficial Discord
- ⭐ DODI Repacks - Torrent / Lootlink Bypass / Site Warning / Discord
- ⭐ M4CKD0GE Repacks - Download / Discord
- ⭐ ARMGDDN Browser, 2 - Download / Telegram
- ⭐ Gnarly Repacks - Download / PW:
gnarly
- Xatab Repacks - Torrent
- Elamigos - Download
- Tiny-Repacks - Torrent
- FreeGOGPCGames - GOG Games Torrent Uploads / Hash Note, 2
- The U-M Software Archives - Retro PC / Mac Games
▷ Virtual Reality
- ⭐ VRPirates, 2 - VR Piracy Wiki / Telegram / Discord
- ⭐ ARMGDDN Browser - VR Games / Telegram
- /r/QuestPiracy - Oculus Quest Piracy
- SideQuest - VR Sideloading Platform
- VRCArena - Resources for Social VR Games
- UEVR - Convert Unreal Engine Games to VR
- Oculess - Remove Oculus Quest Account Requirements & Telemetry
- ALVR - Stream VR Games from PC to Headset
▷ Abandonware
- ↪️ DOS / MSX Games
- ⭐ My Abandonware - Abandonware
- ⭐ AbandonwareGames - Abandonware
- Flashtro - Abandonware
- Zombs-Lair - Abandonware
- OldGamesDownload - Abandonware
- Old-Games.com - Abandonware
- VETUSWARE - Abandonware
- Magipack, Old-Games, CollectionChamber or ClassicPCGames - Abandonware
- Japanese PC Compendium - Retro Japanese PC Games
- World of Spectrum or SpectrumComputing - Sinclair ZX Spectrum
- GamesNostalgia, lemon64 or C64.com - Commodore 64
- whdload, lemonamiga, exotica or hol abime - Amiga
- LegendsWorld - Retro PC Adventures
- Win7Games - Classic Windows Games
▷ Remakes / Ports
- 🌐 OSGL, Awesome Open Source Games or LibreGameWiki - Open-Source Games
- 🌐 Galaxy of Games - PC Ports, Decompilations, Remakes, Fan Games and more
- 🌐 Awesome Game Remakes or Game Clones - Open-Source Remakes
- 🌐 Awesome Terminal Games - ASCII Terminal Games
- 🌐 Kliktopia - Klik Games
- ⭐ OpenRCT2 - Open-Source RollerCoaster Tycoon 2
- Luanti / GitHub or Classicube - Open-Source Minecraft Clones / Alternatives
- Locomalito or RetroSpec - Classic Game Remakes
- OpenFortress - Team Fortress 2 Mod
- TF2 Classic - Team Fortress 2 Classic Mod
- RisingHub - Battlefield Heroes Revival Project
- Chrono Divide or OpenRA - Command & Conquer Recreations / Ports
- Beyond All Reason - Open-Source Total Annihilation / Supreme Commander / Discord / GitHub
- DFWorkshop - Daggerfall Unity Engine Port
- OpenMW - Morrowind Remake / GitHub / Multiplayer
- ECWolf - Wolfenstein 3D, Spear of Destiny & Super 3D Noah's Ark Port
- IOQuake3 - Quake 3 Source Port / GitHub
- YQuake2 - Quake 2 Source Port / GitHub
- Xonotic - Open-Source Modified Quake Engine FPS
- Silent Hill 2: Enhanced Edition - Silent Hill 2 Mod Project
- Unleashed Recompiled - Sonic Unleashed PC Port
- Sonic 3 A.I.R. - Sonic 3 & Knuckles Enhanced / Mods, 2 / Discord / GitHub
- TeamForever - Sonic 1 & 2 Enhanced / S1F Mods / S2A Mods / YouTube / Tumblr
- SRB2 - Open-Source Sonic Fan Game / GitLab
- SRB2Kart / GitHub or RingRacers - Open-Source Sonic Kart Games
- Aleph One - Open-Source Marathon Continuation
- REDRIVER2 - Driver 2 PC Port
- Streets of Rage Remake - Streets of Rage Remake
- OpenSA - Swarm Assault Recreation / OpenRA Required / Non OpenRA Version
- EDuke32 - Duke Nukem 3D Source Port
- NBlood - Reverse-Engineered Duke Nukem Ports
- SP Tarkov - Escape From Tarkov Single Player Mod
- doukutsu-rs - Open-Source Cave Story
- Arx Libertatis - Arx Fatalis PC Port
- Mars 3D - Mars 3D Translation & Remake
- Unciv - Civilization V Remake
- FreeCiv - Civilization Remake / GitHub
- OpenTTD - Transport Tycoon Remake
- FlightGear - Open-Source Flight Simulator / GitLab
- CannonBall - OutRun Remake / Video
- EDOPro - Yu-Gi-Oh! TCG Fangame
- OpenNox - Nox Revival Project
- Pixel Gun World / Discord or Pixel Gun X - Pixel Gun 3D Revivals / PC Ports
- Infinity Blade PC - Infinity Blade I/II PC Ports / Subreddit / Discord
- Pac-Man - Pac-Man with Added Features
- SpaceCadetPinball - Space Cadet Pinball / Android
- Visual Pinball - Pinball Table Editor / Simulator / Tables
- YARC-Official - Rock Band Clone / Launcher / Discord
- Clone Hero - Guitar Hero Clone / Setlists, 2, 3 / Wii Controller Support / Custom Client
- Bridge - Download Charts for Rhythm Games
- ITGmania - DDR Clone
- beatoraja - BMS Player as Alternative to IIDX / beatoraja English Guide
- Unnamed SDVX clone - Sound Voltex Clone
- OpenTaiko - Taiko no Tatsujin Clone / Taiko Simulator Guide
- Etterna or Quaver - O2Jam Clones
- osu!, osu!droid or McOsu - Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan Clones
- PPD - Project Diva Clone
- Rhythia (Discord) - Sound Space Clone
- Cytoid - Cytus Clone
- Sonolus - Project Sekai Clone / GitHub / Guides
▷ Special Interest
- ⭐ itch.io, Killed By A Pixel, Gamdie, Indie Rentry, DigiPen or Game Jolt - Indie Games
- ⭐ itch.io Tools - Downloader / Desktop / Mobile / Auto-Claim
- Alpha Beta Gamer - Play Games in Alpha / Beta Testing
- Necromanthus - 3D Shockwave Games
- LemmaSoft - Visual Novel Games / Discord
- RPGMaker Games - Games Made via RPGMaker
- vgperson - Simple Japanese Games
- Ninja Kiwi Archive - Ninja Kiwi / Bloons Archive
- SAGE - Sonic Fan Games / Discord
- DoujinStyle - Doujin Games / Discord
- MoriyaShrine - Touhou Games
- Kahvibreak - Java 2 Micro Mobile Games
- Planet Casio or Cemetech - Calculator Games
- UnorthodoxFun - Games on Unorthodox Platforms
- GamesOnPDF - PDF Games
- PyGames - Python Games
- Redump Forum - Disc Preservation Project
- /r/CrackSupport - Cracking Discussion / Matrix / Guilded / FAQ
▷ Linux Gaming
▷ Mac Gaming
► Emulation / ROMs
▷ Emulators
- 🌐 Emulation Wiki, Awesome Emulators, PlanetEmu, The Emulator Zone or EmuCR - Download Emulators
- 🌐 Multi System Emulators / Frontends - Emulators with Multiple Consoles
- 🌐 RedSquirrel Project List - Emulator Tools
- 🌐 Multiplayer Emulation - Multiplayer Emulation Tools
- ↪️ Android Emulators
- ⭐ Recommended Emulator Specs
- ⭐ Emulator BIOS Files
- ⭐ RetroAchievements - Achievements for Emulators
- ⭐ Dolphin Guide - Dolphin Setup Guide
- ⭐ Cemu Guide or /r/CemuPiracy Tutorial - Wii U / BOTW Setup Guides
- ⭐ Switch Emu Guide, Switch Emulation or Ryujinx Guide - Switch Emulator Setup Guides
- ⭐ RAZE or BuildGDX / Discord - Oldschool Shooter Engine
- RetroCatalog or Handheld Emulation Compatibility - Handheld Emulation Compatibility / Info
- TOSEC - The Old School Emulation Center
- Emulation Collective - Xbox One/Series X|S UWP Emulation Discord
- MouseInjector - Add Mouse Support to Emulators
- SaveFileConverter - Convert Console Saves to Emulator Saves
- Motion Support Bypass - Fix Cemu BOTW Motion Shrines / DL
- SwitchEmuModDownloader - Download Switch Emulator Mods
- Green Leaf - Switch Saves Discord
- TOTK Optimization - TOTK Optimization / Fixes
- UniversalDynamicInput - Custom Dolphin Button Pack
- Prime Hack or Prime Hunter Hack - Add Mouse Support to Metroid Games
- RPCS3 Setup Guide - RPCS3 Emulator Setup Guide
- PCSX-Redux - PSCX Development Emulator
- Modernized PCSX2 Settings - Premade PCSX2 Settings
- PictoChat Online - Browser DS PictoChat
- webnofrendo - NES Numworks Emulator
▷ ROM Tools / Resources
- 🌐 ROM Managers - List of ROM Managers
- ⭐ Skraper - ROM Cover / Metadata Scraper
- RomStation - ROM Downloader / Manager / Multiplayer
- RomPatcher, Rom Patcher JS, Hack64 Patcher or FFF6Hacking Patcher - Online ROM Patchers
- Dats.site or No Intro - ROM .dat Files
- Dat-O-Matic - ROM Datasets
- /r/ROMs - ROM Discussion Sub
- Kuribo64 - ROM Modding Community
▷ ROM Sites
- 🌐 ROM Sites Wiki - List of ROM Download Sites
- ⭐ /r/ROMs Mega - ROMs / Pastebins
- ⭐ Myrient - ROMs
- ⭐ AlvRo - ROMs / PW:
ByAlvRo
- ⭐ No-Intro - ROMs
- ⭐ ROM Heaven, 2 - ROMs
- ⭐ CrocDB - Emulators / ROMs
- ⭐ RUTracker ROMs - ROMs / Torrents / Use VPN
- ⭐ RetroGameTalk, ROMhacking or Reality Incorporated - ROM Fan Translations
- Vimms Lair - Emulators / ROMs
- AliceISO - ROMs
- Gnarly Repacks - ROMs / Emulator Repacks
- ROM-Collections - ROMs
- Axekin - ROMs / Use Translator / Discord
- WowROMs - ROMs
- Retro Game Champion - Retro Game ROMs, Magazines, Music & more
- Zophar's Domain - Emulators / ROM Mods
- TheRomDepot - ROMs
- BlueRoms - Emulators / ROMs / Torrents
- Arquivista ROMs - ROMs
- FinalBurn Neo - ROMs / Zip
- Romsie - Emulators / ROMs
- Retro Vault - Emulators / ROMs
- Retrostic - Emulators / ROMs
- Romsever - Emulators / ROMs
- ROMsGames - Emulators / ROMs
- ConsoleROMs - Emulators / ROMs
- Emu-Land - Emulators / ROMs
- HexRom - Emulators / ROMs
- GameGinie - Emulators / ROMs
- The Old Computer - Emulators / ROMs
- Emulator Games - Emulators / ROMs
- Emuparadise - Emulators / ROMs / Forum / Workaround Script
- ROMsPURE - Emulators / ROMs
- Romspedia - Emulators / ROMs
- TechToROMs - Emulators / ROMs
- RPGOnly - ROMs
- GLoad - ROMs
- AllMyROMs - ROMs
- ROMsFun - ROMs
- FreeROMs - ROMs
- RetroZone - ROMs
- NGR - ROMs
- FantasyAnime - ROMs
- Ziperto - ROMs / Avoid These Fake Buttons
- Rom Magnet Links - ROMs / Torrent
- ROM CSE / CSE 2 - Multi-Site ROM Search
- Wad Archive - 83k WAD Files
- Cah4e3 - Unlicensed ROMs / Bootlegs
- xbarchive - ROMs / Xbox Consoles
- AtariMania - ROMs / Emulators / Atari Consoles
- /1CC/ / Discord, ROMs For MAME, MDK, PleasureDome, MAME World or Arcade Database - Arcade MAME ROMs
- PICOwesome - PICO-8 ROMs
- POP Unofficial Website - Prince of Persia ROMs / Mods
- Mega Man Maker - Create Mega Man Levels
▷ Nintendo ROMs
- ⭐ hShop or 3DS ROMS - ROMs / 3DS
- ⭐ WiiUDownloader, WiiUSBHelper or JNUSTool - ROMs / Wii U
- ⭐ NesFiles or FC Gallery - ROMs / NES / Famicom
- taodung - ROMs / 3DS / Switch
- Homebrew Hub - Homebrew ROMs / NES / Gameboy
- 64DD.org - ROMs / 64DD
- nsw2u, 2 - ROMs / Switch
- NswRom - ROMs / Switch
- ROMsHQ - ROMs / Switch
- SwitchGamesMall - ROMs / Switch / DDL / Torrents / Discord
- notUltraNX - ROMs / Switch / Sign-Up Required
- ROMSim - ROMs / Switch / Discord
- ROMSLAB - ROMs / Switch
- NXBrew - ROMs / Switch / Warning
- NSWDB - Switch Release Tracker
- 3DSDB - 3DS Release Tracker
- MFGG - Super Mario Fan Games / Mods / Discord
- Newer Team or NSMBHD - Super Mario Bros. DS / Wii Mods
- SMWCentral - Super Mario World ROM Mods
- wide-snes - Widescreen Super Mario World
- Wario Land Vault - Wario Land ROM Mods
- Pokemerald or PokemonXenoverse - Pokémon ROM Mods
- Ship of Harkinian - Ocarina of Time PC Port / Discord / GitHub
- OOTMM - Randomize + Merge Ocarina of Time with Majora's Mask
- Super Mario Bros Crossover - Play SMB with Alternative Characters
- MetroidConstruction - Metroid ROM Modding Community / Discord
▷ Sony ROMs
- ⭐ PSVitaVPK - ROMs / PSP
- PKGPS4, PS4PKG or Game-2u PS4 / Note - ROMs / PS4
- SuperPSX - ROMs / PS3 / PS4
- NoPayStation - ROMs / Playstation Consoles
- Dan's Palace - Android / PSVita PC Game Ports Discord / Telegram
▷ Browser Emulators
- 🌐 Browser Emulator Index - List of Browser Emulators
- ↪️ Multi-Console Browser Emulators
- ⭐ Telemelt - Multiplayer Browser Emulator
- ⭐ PSX Party - Multiplayer Playstation Browser Emulator
- PS1FUN - PS1 Browser Emulator
- LetsPlayGB - Game Boy Browser Emulator
- SNESFun - SNES Browser Emulator
- 8bbit or Play NES - NES Browser Emulators
- Homebrew Hub - Homebrew ROM Emulator / NES / Gameboy
- SSega or Sega Play - Sega Browser Emulators
- Let's Play Sega - Sega Genesis Browser Emulator
- Mega Drive Emulator - Sega Megadrive Browser Emulator
- Capcom Town - Capcom Browser Emulator
- DosGames, DOSDeck, PlayOldGames, DOSZone, MSDOSGames or PlayDOSGames - DOS Browser Emulators
- NeoGeoFun - Neo Geo Browser Emulator
- RetroFab or LCD Games - Retro LCD Game Emulators
- File-Hunter - MSX / Amiga Browser Emulator
- QAOP - ZX Spectrum
- MSXGamesWorld or CheatMSX - MSX Browser Emulators
- CommodoreGames or C64Online - C64 Browser Emulators
- SMBGames - Super Mario Browser Emulator
- SMWGames - Modded Super Mario World Browser Emulators
- Jelly Mario - Jelly Super Mario
- SMBX2 - Super Mario Enhancement Mod / Levels / Video / Discord
- Super Mario and the Rainbow Stars - Super Mario Mod / Video / Discord
- Level Share Square - Custom Maps for Mario Fangames
- Mario Kart PC - Browser Mario Kart
- Mega Man Games - Mega Man Browser Emulator
- Q1K3 - Quake Inspired Browser Game
- Lain Game - Lain Game Browser Emulator
- OpenLara - Classic Tomb Raider in Browser / GitHub
- You Have Not Died Of Dysentery - Oregon Trail with Alt Dysentery Mechanics
- The World's Biggest Pac-Man - Giant Pac-Man
- Tetris, Tetr.js, OpenTetris Classic or NullpoMino - Play Tetris
- TETR.IO - Multiplayer Tetris / Plus / Skin Database / Stats
- Jstris - Multiplayer Tetris / Plus / Skin Database
- First-Person Tetris - Play Tetris in First Person
- Sandtris - Falling Sand Style Tetris
- Play Snake - Retro Snake
- Google Snake Mods - Google Snake Mods
- Snake-Game - 3D Snake
- TENNIS! - JavaScript Pong
► Browser Games
- ⭐ Flashpoint / Play Online / Discord, Flash by Night or Flash Library - Flash Game Archives / Flash Emulator / Clean Builds
- ⭐ Marble Blast Gold Web or Marble Blast Ultra - Marble Blast in Browser
- ⭐ Allchemy or Infinite Craft / Wiki / Search - Infinite Item Crafting Games
- ⭐ QWOP - Ragdoll Running Game
- SpaceCadetPinball - Browser Space Cadet Pinball
- The Circle - Dodge Circles
- JoeDangerTheGame - Trials Inspired Game
- Polka Dot Game - Dodge & Eat Dots
- Launch Ball - Physics Game w/ Map Creator
- Spinner - Spinner Timing Game
- Ehmorris - Spaceship Landing Game
- Dino Swords - Stay Alive by Jumping / Destroying Cacti
- Taiko Web - Taiko no Tatsujin / Rhythm Game
- Rhythm Plus, 2 - Rhythm Game / Discord / GitHub
- Bemuse - Rhythm Game
- Pulsus - 3x3 Tile Board Rhythm Game
- Sans Fight - Undertale Fight Simulator
- DB Evolution - Dragon Ball Fighting Game
- Flappy Bird - HTML5 Flappy Bird
- Slope Plus - Downhill Ball Game
- Rooms - Room Design Game / Discord
- Haxball - Physics-Based Soccer
- Mexican Train - Domino Train Game
- racing-game - Driving Game / GitHub / Discord
- The Race, 2 - Driving Game
- slow roads - Driving Game
- The Multiverse - Universe Exploration Game Across
- Starshine Legacy - 3D Browser Mystery Game
- Neopets, tamaNOTchi or Marapets - Virtual Pet Game
- Gaia Online - Anime Virtual Pet
- Edu-Games - Educational Games
▷ Multi-Game Sites
- ⭐ itch.io web games - Browser Games
- ⭐ Newgrounds - Browser Games
- ⭐ Armor Games - Browser Games
- Browser Craft - Indie Browser Games
- RG Games - Browser Games / Discord
- Addicting Games - Browser Games
- Kongregate - Browser Games
- Y8 - Browser Games
- Vapor - Browser Games / Discord
- Poki - Browser Games
- Crazy Games - Browser Games
- GamezHero - Browser Games
- Deepnight - Browser Games
- Nicky Case - Browser Games
- yell0wsuit - Browser Games
- watabou - Browser Games
- DAN-BALL - Browser Games
- Miniplay - Browser Games
- GTube, 2, 3, 4, 5 - Browser Games
- Yandex Games - Browser Games
- Arkadium - Browser Games
- classroom-6x - Browser Games
- GamePix - Browser Games
- RoundGames - Browser Games
- Snokido - Browser Games
- Game-Game - Browser Games
- ArcadeSpot - Browser Games
- Gaming Wonderland - Browser Games
- Alfy - Browser Games
- Andkon - Browser Games
- FreeGames - Browser Games
- Friv - Browser Games
- Emupedia - Browser Games
- simmer.io - Unity Indie Browser Games
- /r/WebGames - Browser Games Subreddit
- Spatial - 3D Browser Games
- Curated PICO-8 - PICO-8 Browser Games
- Rosebud AI or Wild West - AI Made Browser Games
- Noel Friedrich - Browser Terminal Games
- ABA Games - Single Button Games
- Unblock KISD, frogie's arcade, Tyrone's Unblocked or UBG365 - Browser Games / Unblocked at Schools
- CoolMathGames - Browser Game Site (disguised as edu games)
- FlashMuseum, Flash Arch or AlbinoBlackSheep - Flash Games
- Arcade Prehacks or KongHack - Flash Game Mods
- Js13kGames, HTML5 Games or TheBestarcade - HTML5 Games
- iogames.space, itch.io, Kindanice, Jezzamon, Modd.io or Kevin Games - .io Games
▷ Party / Multiplayer
- ⭐ Eaglercraft, EaglerCraftX / 2 or Minecraft Classic - Online Browser Minecraft / Note / Site List
- ⭐ NetGames - Multiple Games / Discord
- ⭐ Codenames - Party Card Games
- ⭐ GarticPhone - Telephone Game
- ⭐ Powerline.io - Multiplayer Snake / Discord
- ⭐ TagPro - Multiplayer Capture the Flag / Discord
- ⭐ skribbl, DrawBattle, Sketchful, Drawize or Gartic - Drawing / Guessing Game / Multiplayer
- ⭐ Eaglercraft Tools - Mod Loader / Mod Search / Create Mods / Public Servers / Source
- ⭐ Make It Meme - Meme Party Game
- AWBW - Multiplayer Browser Advance Wars / Discord
- Bloxd or MiniBlox - Online Minecraft Clones
- Slither.io - Grow the Longest Worm
- Hexar.io or splix.io - Control the Map
- agar.io - Become the Biggest Circle
- mope.io - Become the Biggest Animal / Discord
- Bloob.io - Multiple Games
- Gidd.io - Multiple Games
- Yucata - Multiple Games
- Foony - Multiple Games
- Pixoguess - Guess Pixelated Images
- Tensor Trust - AI Prompting Multiplayer Skill Game
- Deeeep - Multiplayer Feeding Frenzy Games
- fsh.zone - Multiplayer Fishing Game / Discord
- Moo Moo - Multiplayer Survival Game
- Game Of Bombs - Multiplayer Bomberman Style MMO
- PandaBomber - Multiplayer Bomberman Style Game / Discord
- Hordes.io / Discord or Aberoth - Browser MMORPGs
- Really Boring Website - Online Scattergories
- Gpop.io - Rhythm Game
- Betrayal - Among Us Clone
- Death by AI - Survival Plan Game
- Smash Karts - Kart Battles
- tix.tax - Tic-Tac-Toe
▷ Text Adventures
- Note - Oldschool text adventure games are known for being unforgiving, but you can usually find solutions / guides online. You can also try feeding the text to AI chatbots, which can be both helpful and amusing.
- 🌐 IFWiki - Interactive Fiction Encyclopedia / Resources
- ⭐ IFDB - Text Adventures
- IFWizz - Text Adventures
- IFArchive - Text Adventures
- Web Adventures - Text Adventures
- Seedship - Text Adventures
- TextAventures - User-Made Text Adventures
- WrittenRealms, Genesis, Fateful Quest or Level 13 - Individual Adventures
- Muds - Text Adventure ROMs
- Mudlet - Text Adventure Game Platform
- SolutionArchive - Text Adventure Solutions
▷ Shooter
- ⭐ Play-CS - Browser Counter-Strike 1.6
- ⭐ NZP - Browser COD Zombies
- ⭐ Krunker.io, 2 - PvP FPS
- OpenArena Live - Quake 3 Arena Clone
- WebLiero - Multiplayer Liero Clone
- Venge - PvP FPS
- kour.io, 2 - PvP FPS
- Deadshot - PvP FPS
- LolShot - PvP FPS
- 1v1.LOL - 1v1 Building / Battle Simulator
- ShellShock - PvP FPS
- MiniRoyale - Battle Royale Game
- ZombsRoyale.io - Top-Down Battle Royale
- Gats.io - Top-Down Battle Royale / Discord
- Wings.io - Multiplayer Plane Battles / Discord
- Operius - Space Shooter
- Galaxies - Space Combat Game
- Tanki or Diep - Online Team VS Team Tank Games
- webXash - Half Life Demo
▷ Platformer
- ⭐ Bonk - Multiplayer Physics Game
- ⭐ TotalJerkFace - Happy Wheels & Other Games
- ⭐ Line Rider - Draw Sled Tracks
- LOLBeans - Fall Guys Clone
- Free Rider HD - Draw / Race Bike Tracks
- Raptjs or Synesthesia in Space - Puzzle Platformer
- Tales of Dorime - 2D Platformer
- PrinceJS - Prince of Persia
▷ Simulation
- HatTrick - Multiplayer Football Manager
- FSHistory - Play Classic Flight Simulator
- Hacker Wars - Hacking Simulators
- Startup Simulator - Startup Simulation Game
- Sim CB - Central Bank Simulator
- Orbity - Spaceship Launching Game
- Plane Food Simulator - Plane Food Eating Game
- Alternate History Simulator - Write Alternate History
- NationStates - Nation Simulation Game / Scripts
- Politics and War - More Advanced Nation Building Simulation Game / Discord
- GeoFS - Plane Simulator
- Money Simulator - Money Simulator
- BrantSteele or Simublast - Game Show Simulators
▷ RPG
- Fallen London - Text-Based RPG
- Yume Nikki Online Project - Multiplayer Yume Nikki / Discord
- Dynast - Survival Browser Game
- Kingdom of Loathing - Comedy RPG
- Frasier Fantasy - Comedy RPG
- Gridland - Grid Matching RPG
- Backpack Hero - Turn-Based RPG
- Miniconomy - Economy Game
- Forumwarz - Browser RPG
- Dungeon Crawl - Browser RPG
- Isleward - Browser RPG
▷ Board / Card / Dice
- 🌐 Online Board Games / 2 - Board Game Index
- 🌐 Curlie Board Games - Board Game Index
- 🌐 Curlie Cards - Card Game Index
- 🌐 Curlie Yahtzee - Yahtzee Game Index
- ⭐ WorldOfCardGames, CardGames.io, 247Games, CardzMania or World of Solitaire - Multiplayer Card Games
- Board Game Online - Online Board Games
- Board Game Arena - Online Board Games
- Tabletopia - Online Board Games
- FunNode - Online Board Games
- Screentop - Online Board Games / Discord
- PartyProject - Mario Party Style Multiplayer Game
- gTOONS - Cartoon Network Strategy Card Game Revival / Discord
- BlackReds - Multiplayer Card Games
- FlyOrDie - Multiplayer Card Games
- Playok - Multiplayer Card Games
- PlayingCards - Multiplayer Card Games
- Richup - Monopoly-Style Board Game
- Rally The Troops - Historical Board Games / Discord
- PictureCards / Discord, AllBad.Cards or Pretend You're - Cards Against Humanity Online
- Cards Against Humanity - Printable Cards Against Humanity
- Wikidata Card Game Generator - Generate "Top Trumps" Cards with Wikidata
- Solitaired, Solitr or Solitaire Owl - Online Solitaire
- PySolFC - Downloadable Solitaire / GitHub
- Blackjack Break or HTML5 Blackjack - Browser Blackjack
- Poker Now or 247 Free Poker - Multiplayer Poker
- KDice - Multiplayer Dice War
- Colonist - Multiplayer Settlers of Catan
- Hexxagon - Hexagonal Board Game
- The Bafflement Fires - 1950s Freemasonic Board Game
- Scorecard.gg - Board Game Scorecards
▷ Strategy
- ↪️ Chess Learning Resources
- ⭐ lichess, GameKnot Chess, SparkChess or Chess.com - Chess Platforms
- ⭐ lichess Tools - Mobile / Mobile V2 / Customize / Themes / Leagues / Extend
- ⭐ Print Chess - Printable Paper Chess Set
- ⭐ Super Auto Pets - Pet Battle Game / Resources
- OpenFront / Discord or Territorial - Conquest / War Style Games
- Mah-Jongg, Mahjong4Friends, Classic Mahjong or The Mahjong - Mahjong Games
- lishogi - Shogi
- Online GO - Multiplayer GO
- Warzone - RISK Clone
- Neptune's Pride - Space Strategy Game
- generals.io - War Strategy Game
- Chesses or Omnichess - Multiple Styles of Chess
- Echo Chess - Morph Style Chess / Discord
- The Kilobyte's Gambit - 1k Chess Game
- Kung Fu Chess - Real-Time Chess without Turns
- PokemonChess - Pokémon Style Chess / Discord
- Laser - Alt Style Chess
- Chess Base / 2 - Indian Chess News
- Lidraughts - Multiplayer Checkers
▷ Puzzle Games
- ⭐ Rubik's Cube Explorer, Grubiks, pCubes or The Cube - Rubik's Cubes / Guide / Solver, 2 / Timer
- ⭐ Minesweeper.online - Minesweeper
- Simon Tatham's Puzzles - Multiple Puzzle Games / Mobile
- Puzzle Party - Multiplayer Jigsaws
- PuzzlePrime - Problems / Puzzles
- Crosshare - Play / Create Crosswords
- Regex Crossword - Regex Crosswords
- Web Paint-by-Number or Nonograms - Graphic Crosswords
- Game for the Brain - Puzzles / Quizzes
- MasasGames - Virtual Escape Rooms
- Murdle - Daily Murder Mystery
- Sokoban Online - Sokoban Puzzles
- DailyDungeon - Puzzle Dungeon Crawler
- Sokoban - Zelda-Themed Sokoban Puzzles
- All The 2048, DuckDuckgo 2048 or 2048 - 2048 Puzzles
- JetHolt, RebelWithoutACause or Aramor - Fallout Terminal Hacking Game
- mmmines!, MinesweeperPro, MineJD or m3o - Multiplayer Minesweeper
- Minesweeper Infinity - Infinite Minesweeper
- Minesweeper Twist - Irregular Grid Minesweeper
- PROXX - Space Minesweeper
- Rockbasher - Retro Style Puzzle Game
- Orion - Puzzle Game
- Euclidea - Geometric Puzzles
- Pixel Puzzler or UnFlip - Block Puzzles
- Sudoku XV - Sudoku
- picture dots - Make & Play Dot Puzzles
- Oh, My Dots! - Connect the Dots Game
- BreakLock - Pattern Lock Game
- Kuku Kube - Find the Different Squares
- MazeGenerator, Maze Toys or Maze - Maze Generators
▷ Incremental / Idle
- 🌐 /r/Incremental_Games, Galaxy Click, Incremental Game Plaza, IncrementalDB or Almost Idle - Incremental Games Indexes
- ⭐ Cookie Clicker / 2 - Incremental Cookie Game
- ⭐ Cookie Clicker Tools - Multiple Tools / Calculator / Discord
- The Thorp of Woodstock - Build a Civilization
- Universal paperclips - A Paperclip Creation Simulator
- MousePoint - Incremental Mouse Movement Game
- BitBurner - Incremental RPG
- CandyBox - Candy Eating Game
- Particle Clicker - Incremental Particle Physics Games
- KittensGame - Incremental Kitten Maker
- Incremancer or Danemancer - Incremental Zombie Game
- A Dark Room - Dark Room Survival Game
- The Fed - Incremental Banking Game
- WarClicks - Incremental War Game
- Goblin Bet - Bet on 1v1 Monster Fights
- The First Alkahistorian - Incremental Elemental Game
- FactoryIdle - Factory Idle Simulator
- Idlescape - Idle MMORPG
- ProgressQuest - Idle RPG
- Anti Matter Dimensions - Anti Matter Idle Game
- Theory of Magic - Magic Idle Game
- Succubox - Loot Box Idle Game
- Swarm Simulator - Idle Bug Swarm Game
▷ Trivia Games
- ⭐ GuessTheGame or Gamedle - Game Guessing Games
- ⭐ Free Rice - Earn Rice for the World Food Programme / Trivia
- TriviaDuel, Fun Trivia, Sporcle, uQuiz, ARealMe or JetPunk - Quiz / Trivia
- The Re-Ride - You Don't Know Jack: The Ride Remake / Discord
- FlightGuesser - Flight Path Guessing Game
- Akinator - 20 Questions
- Buzzinga - Jeopardy Creator
- Bestiefy - Friend Quizzes
- WTM, Moviedle, Actorle, Kino.wtf, Likewise, Flickle or Framed - Movie Guessing Games
- Cinenerdle or Cinenerdle2 - Movie Puzzles
- BoxOfficeGA - Box Office Guessing
- Scenewise - Movie Scene Order Puzzle
- Actorle TV - TV Show Guessing
- AMQ - Anime Theme Guessing
- ConnectTheStars or Movie To Movie - Connect Stars through Movies
- Play Football - Football Quizzes / Trivia
- The Wiki Game, Pedantle, Six Degrees of Wikipedia or WikiRacer - Wiki Exploration Games / Automation Tool
- Catfishing - Wiki Article Guessing Game
- MusicNerd or Lofidle - Music Guessing Games
- More or Less - More or Less Guessing
- DanceMusic - Electronic Music Genre Guessing Game
- Guess My Rank - Guess Player Game Ranks
- Poeltl - NBA Guessing Game
- The Higher Lower Game or Google Feud - Guess What's Googled More
- Graphs - Graph Guessing Game
- English Sandwich - Guess Where Dishes are From
- Guess The Price - Price Guessing Game
- Apparle - Apparel Price Guessing Game
- Metazooa - Animal Guessing Game
- Pufferdle - Fish Guessing Game
- ChessGuessr - Chess Style Guessing Game
- Huedle, Color Rush, WhatTheHex or Hexcodle - Hex Code Guessing Games
- Nerdle, Additional or Countle - Math Guessing Games
- Minecraftle - Minecraft Recipe Guessing Game
- PkmnQuiz, Gearoid Pokémon, Pokedle or Squirdle - Pokémon Guessing Games
- Pokémon Infinite Heardle - Pokémon Music Guessing
- LoLdle - League of Legends Guessing Games
- Owdle - Overwatch Guessing Games
- Guess The Year or ChronoPhoto - Year Guessing Game
- Wikitrivia - Guess Which Event Came First
- Human or Not? - Guess Human vs. AI
▷ GeoGuessr Games
- ⭐ Plonk It / Discord, Regionguessing, GeoTips / Discord, GeoHints / Discord or Top Tricks - GeoGuessr Guides / Tips
- ⭐ Geotastic - Multiplayer GeoGuessr / Account Required
- ⭐ Globle - Country Hot-or-Cold Guessing Game
- LearnableMeta - Geoguessr Practice Maps & Hints / Discord
- Emily's GeoGuessr Tools - GeoGuessr Tools
- Geohub - Free GeoGuessr Alt / Requires Google API
- GuessWhereYouAre - Free GeoGuessr Alt w/ Multiplayer
- OpenGuessr - Free GeoGuessr Alt w/ Multiplayer
- WorldGuessr - Free GeoGuessr Alt
- FreeGuessr - Free GeoGuessr Alt
- City Guesser - Video-Based GeoGuessr
- Quizzity - City Guessing Game
- Tradle - Guess Countries by their Exports
- Back Of Your Hand - Local GeoGuessr
- LostGamer - Video Game GeoGuessr
- GTA V GeoGuessr - GTA V GeoGuessr
- TimeGuessr - Historical Time-period GeoGuessr
- LanguageGuessr - Language GeoGuessr
- Artifact Guesser or GeoArtwork - Guess Origins of Cultural Artifacts
- travle - Guess Countries Between Two Locations
- MapGenerator - GeoGuessr Map Generator
- VirtualStreets - Google Street Update Tracker
▷ Word Games
- 🌐 Wordleverse, WordleWeb, Wordle Collection, Awesome Wordle, Alldle or Wordles of the World - Wordle Game Index
- ⭐ Wordle - Original Wordle
- ⭐ Wordle Analyzer
- ⭐ BestCrosswords, TheWordSearch or Regex-Crossword - Crossword Puzzles / Creator, 2 / Solver, 2, 3
- ⭐ KillerCrossword - No Clue Crosswords
- ⭐ MoreWords, PlayScrabble or WordHub - Scrabble
- MakeAWordSearch - Word Search Creator
- Connections - Custom Word Puzzles
- RobinWords - Word Ladder Game
- Word Golf - Word Relation Game
- Truncate - Crossword Strategy Game
- HoverCats - Multiplayer Crosswords
- JKLM.FUN - Multiplayer Word Games
- eWordChallenge - Boggle Online
- Squaredle, 2 - Daily Word Puzzle
- Linxicon - Word Connection Game
- Wordle VS - Multiplayer Wordle
- Wordle Unlimited - Wordle without Daily Limit
- Fusele - Wordle Variant
- Word500 - Wordle + Mastermind
- Wordly - Wordle Clone
- Octordle - Eight Word Wordle
- Sqword - Deck-Based Wordle
- Alphabeticle - Alphabetical Wordle
- WordMaze - Maze Style Wordle
- Pixletters - Pixel Style Wordle
- Wourdle - British English Wordle
- Ridella - Riddle Wordle
► Gaming Tools
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@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-12 06:06:00Bitcoin emerged as an alternative to the traditional financial system, offering a decentralized and censorship-resistant medium of exchange. However, this proposition directly challenges the control governments exert over the economy, particularly in terms of currency issuance and financial regulation. As a result, many governments view Bitcoin with suspicion and attempt to limit its adoption, while others seek to integrate it into the economy in a controlled manner.
Reasons for conflict between governments and Bitcoin
Government resistance to Bitcoin adoption stems from several key factors:
01 - Loss of Monetary Control: Governments manage monetary policy through the issuance of fiat currency and manipulation of interest rates. Bitcoin, with its fixed supply and decentralized nature, prevents governments from printing more money, thereby limiting their influence over the economy.
02 - Challenges in Taxation: Bitcoin usage makes it harder for authorities to monitor transactions and enforce tax collection, posing a challenge for governments that rely heavily on taxation to fund public services.
03 - Concerns Over Regulation and Financial Crime: Many governments argue that Bitcoin can be used for money laundering, tax evasion, and other illicit activities. However, since all transactions are recorded on the blockchain (or timechain), Bitcoin is actually more traceable than physical cash.
04 - Competition with Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs): Some governments are developing their own digital currencies, known as CBDCs. These offer a high level of control over financial transactions but lack Bitcoin’s decentralized properties. To promote CBDC adoption, some governments attempt to restrict or ban Bitcoin.
Different countries have taken varied approaches to Bitcoin, ranging from full acceptance to outright repression.
- El Salvador:
In 2021, El Salvador became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender. This decision sparked conflict with global financial institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which pressured the Salvadoran government to reverse its stance.
- China:
The Chinese government banned Bitcoin mining and usage entirely in 2021, citing environmental concerns and financial risks. Nonetheless, many Chinese miners and users continue to operate through alternative means.
- United States:
While Bitcoin is legal in the U.S., the government has imposed stricter regulations on exchanges and mining operations, seeking to exert more control over the sector. Some politicians advocate for a pro-Bitcoin stance, while others see it as a threat to the dollar.
- European Union:
The EU has taken a more rigorous regulatory approach, requiring user identification and transaction transparency. Despite this, Bitcoin remains legal and widely used.
Despite the challenges imposed by some governments, Bitcoin adoption continues to grow. Many users see Bitcoin as a way to preserve wealth in the face of inflationary monetary policies and excessive government control over money. Furthermore, in countries with unstable economies and limited access to financial services, Bitcoin provides a solution for international payments and protection against economic crises.
Government resistance may slow Bitcoin adoption in certain regions, but it is unlikely to stop it entirely. As a decentralized and global network, Bitcoin will continue to be used regardless of restrictions imposed by any single government. In the long run, its adoption will depend on individuals and businesses standing firm against regulatory pressures and continuing to use it as a financial alternative.
In summary, the conflict between governments and Bitcoin reflects the broader struggle between a centralized traditional financial system and a new decentralized alternative. While some countries seek to ban or restrict its use, others embrace it as part of their economy. Ultimately, government resistance may only delay-but not prevent-the global adoption of Bitcoin, which continues to demonstrate its resilience and utility as a store of value and medium of exchange.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
-
@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-12 04:01:23 -
@ 68768a6c:0eaf07e9
2025-05-12 23:58:56What Is Bitcoin? Bitcoin is the world’s first decentralized digital currency—created in 2009 by an anonymous person (or group) under the name Satoshi Nakamoto. Unlike regular money, it’s not printed or controlled by any government or bank. Instead, it runs on a global network of computers using a technology called blockchain. Why Is Bitcoin Valuable? Bitcoin is often called “digital gold” because it’s limited in supply—only 21 million bitcoins will ever exist. This scarcity, combined with increasing demand and global adoption, makes it valuable. Many people invest in Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation or unstable currencies. How Can You Use Bitcoin? Today, Bitcoin can be used for: Online shopping (some stores accept it) Transferring money across borders Investing for long-term growth You can store it in a digital wallet and send it anywhere in the world in minutes—with low fees. The Risks and Rewards Bitcoin prices can go up or down quickly—it’s very volatile. But many investors believe it will grow in value as the world becomes more digital. Tip for Beginners: Never invest more than you can afford to lose. Start small, learn as you go, and stay updated. Final Thoughts Bitcoin is more than just internet money—it’s a revolution in how we think about value, privacy, and freedom. Whether you’re a curious beginner or a savvy investor, understanding Bitcoin could be your first step toward financial innovation.
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@ 502ab02a:a2860397
2025-05-12 03:11:06สัปดาห์ที่ผ่านมา เราพักผ่อนย้อนไปเพื่อทำความเข้าใจต้นเหตุของซีรีส์นี้กันแล้วนะครับ ทีนี้เราจะมาสนทนากันต่อจากที่ค้างคาไว้กันครับ
ย้อนกลับไปเมื่อราวทศวรรษ 1970-1980 เป็นยุคที่โลกยังเชื่อว่า “ไขมัน” คือผู้ร้ายตัวจริงในวงการสุขภาพ ปิรามิดอาหารจาก USDA จึงถือกำเนิดขึ้น โดยมีฐานล่างกว้างใหญ่เต็มไปด้วยข้าว แป้ง ซีเรียล พาสต้า และขนมปัง เรียกรวมว่า “กลุ่มคาร์โบไฮเดรต” และถูกวางให้เป็นเสาหลักของอาหารประจำวัน ภายใต้แนวคิดว่าให้พลังงานสูง ไขมันต่ำ ดีต่อหัวใจ และเหมาะกับการเลี้ยงประชากรโลกที่เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็ว
แต่ความจริงที่เปิดเผยภายหลังคือ ปิรามิดอาหารนี้มิได้เกิดจากวิทยาศาสตร์บริสุทธิ์ หากแต่เกิดจากกระบวนการ “เปิดประมูลนโยบาย” โดยกลุ่มอุตสาหกรรมเกษตรรายใหญ่ ซึ่งต้องการระบายผลผลิตคาร์โบไฮเดรตจำนวนมหาศาลจากข้าวโพด ข้าวสาลี และถั่วเหลืองที่รัฐบาลอเมริกันอุดหนุนให้เพาะปลูกเกินความจำเป็น (ดูรายงาน PBS: The Food Pyramid) หน้าที่จัดสรรนี้จึงอยู่ภายใต้ USDA หรือ กระทรวงเกษตรสหรัฐอเมริกา
ขณะที่ผู้คนถูกสอนให้หลีกเลี่ยงไขมัน โปรตีนสัตว์ และหันมากินซีเรียลเป็นอาหารเช้า ผลิตภัณฑ์ไขมันต่ำแทบทุกชนิดกลับต้องเติมน้ำตาลและแป้งเพื่อให้มีรสชาติ นำไปสู่การระบาดของโรคอ้วน เบาหวาน ความดัน และ NCD ทั่วโลก ที่เราเพิ่งจะเข้าใจกันวันนี้ว่ามีรากมาจาก “ปิรามิดคาร์บ” นั่นเอง
คำถามคือ ทำไมการกำหนดอาหารของอเมริกา (ซึ่งแน่นอนว่าแพร่กระจายไปทั่วโลกภายใต้ข้อกำหนดเดียวกัน) จึงเกิดขึ้นจาก "กระทรวงเกษตรสหรัฐอเมริกา" ไม่ใช่ หน่วยงานทางวิทยาศาสตร์ หรือ การแพทย์
หรือเพราะ “อาหาร” ในอเมริกา ไม่ได้เริ่มจากคำว่า “สุขภาพ” แต่เริ่มจาก “เศรษฐกิจ”
ย้อนกลับไปช่วงต้นศตวรรษที่ 20 โดยเฉพาะหลังสงครามโลกครั้งที่สอง สหรัฐฯ ต้องการฟื้นฟูเศรษฐกิจและผลักดันภาคการเกษตรให้โตอย่างรวดเร็ว โดยเฉพาะสินค้าพืชเชิงอุตสาหกรรม เช่น ข้าวโพด ข้าวสาลี ถั่วเหลือง นม และเนื้อจากฟาร์มอุตสาหกรรม และปากท้องของเกษตรกรคือฐานเสียงสำคัญในทุกๆรัฐบาล ดังนั้น USDA ซึ่งเป็นหน่วยงานที่ตั้งขึ้นเพื่อดูแลเกษตรกร จึงรับบทผู้ออก “แนวทางโภชนาการ” โดยเน้นว่า
อาหารอะไรที่ เกษตรกรผลิตได้เยอะ ก็เอามาดันให้ประชาชนกินเยอะ อาหารอะไรที่ ราคาถูก ผลิตได้เร็ว ก็นำมาใส่ไว้ฐานล่างของพีระมิด ให้ประชาชนกินเยอะ อาหารอะไรที่ มีอุตสาหกรรมอยู่เบื้องหลัง ก็เปิดประมูลให้มีบทบาทมากในการล็อบบี้นโยบาย ให้ประชาชนกินเยอะ
พูดง่ายๆ ก็คือ นโยบายอาหารอเมริกา ไม่ได้ออกโดยนักวิทยาศาสตร์หรือนักโภชนาการที่ไม่มีผลประโยชน์ทับซ้อน แต่มาจาก “ข้าราชการสายเกษตร+กลุ่มทุน” ที่ต้องการให้ภาคการเกษตรมีกำไรอย่างต่อเนื่อง และอย่าลืมว่า อเมริกา = โลก
แล้วหน่วยงานด้านวิทยาศาสตร์หรือแพทย์ เช่น NIH (National Institutes of Health) หรือ CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) หล่ะ แน่นอนครับว่ามีข้อมูลอยุ่ว่าก็มีสิทธิ์เสนอแนะอยู่บ้างแต่ทั้งหมดนี้ ไม่มีอำนาจออกนโยบายหลักที่ใช้จริงกับประชาชน ส่วนใหญ่แค่ให้ข้อมูลวิชาการ ซึ่งมักจะถูกลดทอนหรือละเลยเมื่อนโยบายจริงถูกเขียนขึ้นโดย USDA ในที่สุด
เมื่อเสียงของการตั้งคำถามเริ่มดังกว่าเสียงโฆษณา ขบวนการ “Low Carb” ก็เริ่มตั้งหลักและขยายวงกว้างอย่างเงียบๆ งานวิจัยใหม่ๆ เริ่มบ่งชี้ว่า “น้ำตาลและแป้ง” โดยเฉพาะแป้งแปรรูป คือภัยเงียบที่ส่งผลต่อการอักเสบเรื้อรัง ภาวะดื้ออินซูลิน และเมตาบอลิกซินโดรม จนกระทั่งช่วงต้นทศวรรษ 2010 เป็นต้นมา อาหารแนว “ลดคาร์บ เพิ่มไขมันดี เพิ่มโปรตีน” ก็กลายเป็นกระแสหลักขึ้นมา
ตอนนั้นหลายคนคิดว่า “พวกเราชนะแล้ว” โลกกลับมาฟังเสียงสุขภาพที่แท้จริง โปรตีนกลายเป็นคำตอบใหม่แห่งยุค
แต่มึงเอ๊ยยยยยย... เกมอาจไม่ได้จบตรงนั้น
เพราะในวันที่ประชาชนเริ่มหลีกหนีคาร์บ กลุ่มทุนอาหารข้ามชาติที่เคยวางรากอยู่ในอุตสาหกรรมแป้ง ได้ค่อยๆ แปรทิศ ย้ายการลงทุนไปสู่ “โปรตีนทางเลือก” รอไว้นานแล้วโดยที่เราไม่รู้ตัว ทั้งอาหารพืชแปรรูปอย่าง texture ถั่วเหลือง (TVP), โปรตีนจุลินทรีย์, เนื้อปลูกจากห้องแลบ ไปจนถึง “ไข่” และ “นม” ที่ไม่ได้มาจากสัตว์ โปรตีนสังเคราะห์ที่ผลิตโดยระบบชีวภาพวิศวกรรม (synthetic biology) ซึ่งได้รับเงินทุนจากบริษัทยักษ์ใหญ่อย่างต่อเนื่องตลอดสิบปีที่ผ่านมา
พอถึงวันโปรตีนกลายเป็นเทรนด์ เขาก็เข้ามาเป็นเจ้าของเทรนด์เป็นที่เรียบร้อยแล้ว พร้อมทุกอย่างแล้ว คำถามคือ ใครกันแน่ที่เป็น Trend Setter
โปรตีนจึงไม่ใช่เพียง “สารอาหาร” อีกต่อไป แต่มันคือ “สินค้าอนาคต” ที่สามารถควบคุมแหล่งผลิต แหล่งพันธุ์ เทคโนโลยีการแปรรูป และการกระจายผ่านแพลตฟอร์มค้าปลีกทั่วโลก และถ้าคุณสังเกต จะเห็นว่าไม่มีใครพูดถึง “คาร์บทางเลือก” หรือ "คาร์บเข้มข้น" หรือ "คาร์บที่ไม่ต้องใช้พืช" แม้แต่นิด ทั้งที่ในทางหลักการก็สามารถคิดค้นได้ไม่ต่างกัน แปลว่า พวกเขาไม่ได้แค่อยาก “เลิกขายคาร์บ” แต่กำลัง “เปลี่ยนสินค้าหลักใหม่” ให้ไปอยู่ในกลุ่มที่พวกเขาควบคุมได้ทั้งหมด แค่เอาคำว่า "โปรตีน" ขึ้นมาเป็นฉากหน้าไว้ก่อน
เริ่มเห็นภาพไหมครับ จากคาร์บที่เคยถูกบิดเบือน กลายมาเป็นโปรตีนที่ถูกเสนอให้เรายินดีรับอย่างไม่ตั้งคำถาม
“โปรตีนอนาคต” ดูเหมือนจะเป็นทางเลือก แต่จริงๆ แล้วอาจเป็นกับดักหรือเปล่า
วันนี้ที่หลายคนเฝ้ามองชัยชนะของผู้คนในการล้ม “ปิรามิดคาร์บ” แต่ไม่ทันเห็นว่ากำลังถูกลากเข้าสู่ “หอคอยโปรตีนจำลอง” ที่พวกเขาสร้างขึ้นใหม่ ด้วยบรรจุภัณฑ์สวยหรู คำว่า "รักษ์โลก" "ปลอดภัย" และ "ยั่งยืน" แต่แท้จริงคือห่วงโซ่ที่มัดให้เราเป็นเพียง “ผู้บริโภค” ที่ไม่มีทางรู้ว่าอาหารของเรามาจากธรรมชาติหรือห้องแลบอีกต่อไป เรากลายเป็นหนูที่ย้ายจากกล่องวงกตหนึ่ง มายังอีกกล่องวงกตหนึ่งหรือเปล่า เป็นคำถามที่ยังต้องตอบต่อไป
เฮียไม่ได้มาเพื่อหวาดระแวงนะครับ เพราะในเกมอำนาจอาหาร ไม่มีใครยอมเสียพื้นที่ พวกเขาแค่เปลี่ยนกลยุทธ์ เพื่อครองความเชื่อมั่นใหม่ ในชื่อ “โปรตีน” #pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr
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@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-12 01:34:24สวัสดีค่ะเพื่อนๆ นักเทรดที่น่ารักทุกคน! 💕 Lina Engword กลับมาพร้อมกับการวิเคราะห์ BTCUSDT.P แบบเจาะลึกเพื่อเตรียมพร้อมสำหรับเทรดวันนี้ค่ะ! 🚀
วันนี้ 12 พฤษภาคม 2568 เวลา 08.15น. ราคา BTCUSDT.P อยู่ที่ 104,642.8 USDT ค่ะ โดยมี Previous Weekly High (PWH) อยู่ที่ 104,967.8 Previous Weekly Low (PWL) ที่ 93,338 ค่ะ
✨ ภาพรวมตลาดวันนี้ ✨
จากการวิเคราะห์ด้วยเครื่องมือคู่ใจของเรา ทั้ง SMC/ICT (Demand/Supply Zone, Order Block, Liquidity), EMA 50/200, Trend Strength, Money Flow, Chart/Price Pattern, Premium/Discount Zone, Trend line, Fibonacci, Elliott Wave และ Dow Theory ใน Timeframe ตั้งแต่ 15m ไปจนถึง Week! 📊 เราพบว่าภาพใหญ่ของ BTCUSDT.P ยังคงอยู่ในแนวโน้มขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่งมากๆ ค่ะ 👍 โดยเฉพาะใน Timeframe Day และ Week ที่สัญญาณทุกอย่างสนับสนุนทิศทางขาขึ้นอย่างชัดเจน Money Flow ยังไหลเข้าอย่างต่อเนื่อง และเราเห็นโครงสร้างตลาดแบบ Dow Theory ที่ยก High ยก Low ขึ้นไปเรื่อยๆ ค่ะ
อย่างไรก็ตาม... ใน Timeframe สั้นๆ อย่าง 15m และ 1H เริ่มเห็นสัญญาณของการชะลอตัวและการพักฐานบ้างแล้วค่ะ 📉 อาจมีการสร้าง Buyside และ Sellside Liquidity รอให้ราคาไปกวาดก่อนที่จะเลือกทางใดทางหนึ่ง ซึ่งเป็นเรื่องปกติของการเดินทางของ Smart Money ค่ะ
⚡ เปรียบเทียบแนวโน้มแต่ละ Timeframe ⚡
🪙 แนวโน้มตรงกัน Timeframe 4H, Day, Week ส่วนใหญ่ชี้ไปทาง "ขาขึ้น" ค่ะ ทุกเครื่องมือสนับสนุนแนวโน้มนี้อย่างแข็งแกร่ง 💪 เป้าหมายต่อไปคือการไปทดสอบ PWH และ High เดิม เพื่อสร้าง All-Time High ใหม่ค่ะ! 🪙 แนวโน้มต่างกัน Timeframe 15m, 1H ยังค่อนข้าง "Sideways" หรือ "Sideways Down เล็กน้อย" ค่ะ มีการบีบตัวของราคาและอาจมีการพักฐานสั้นๆ ซึ่งเป็นโอกาสในการหาจังหวะเข้า Long ที่ราคาดีขึ้นค่ะ
💡 วิธีคิดแบบ Market Slayer 💡
เมื่อแนวโน้มใหญ่เป็นขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่ง เราจะเน้นหาจังหวะเข้า Long เป็นหลักค่ะ การย่อตัวลงมาในระยะสั้นคือโอกาสของเราในการเก็บของ! 🛍️ เราจะใช้หลักการ SMC/ICT หาโซน Demand หรือ Order Block ที่ Smart Money อาจจะเข้ามาดันราคาขึ้น และรอสัญญาณ Price Action ยืนยันการกลับตัวค่ะ
สรุปแนวโน้มวันนี้:
🪙 ระยะสั้น: Sideways to Sideways Down (โอกาส 55%) ↔️↘️ 🪙 ระยะกลาง: ขาขึ้น (โอกาส 70%) ↗️ 🪙 ระยะยาว: ขาขึ้น (โอกาส 85%) 🚀 🪙 วันนี้: มีโอกาสย่อตัวเล็กน้อยก่อนจะมีแรงซื้อกลับเข้ามาเพื่อไปทดสอบ PWH (โอกาส Sideways Down เล็กน้อย สลับกับ Sideways Up: 60%) 🎢
🗓️ Daily Trade Setup ประจำวันนี้ 🗓️
นี่คือตัวอย่าง Setup ที่ Lina เตรียมไว้ให้พิจารณาค่ะ (เน้นย้ำว่าเป็นเพียงแนวทาง ไม่ใช่คำแนะนำลงทุนนะคะ)
1️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 1: รอรับที่โซน Demand (ปลอดภัย, รอยืนยัน)
🪙 Enter: รอราคาย่อตัวลงมาในโซน Demand Zone หรือ Bullish Order Block ที่น่าสนใจใน TF 1H/4H (ดูจากกราฟประกอบนะคะ) และเกิดสัญญาณ Bullish Price Action ที่ชัดเจน เช่น แท่งเทียนกลืนกิน (Engulfing) หรือ Hammer 🪙 TP: บริเวณ PWH 104,967.8 หรือ Buyside Liquidity ถัดไป 🎯 🪙 SL: ใต้ Low ที่เกิดก่อนสัญญาณกลับตัวเล็กน้อย หรือใต้ Demand Zone ที่เข้า 🛡️ 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:2.5 ขึ้นไป ✨ 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้เราจะใจเย็นๆ รอให้ราคาลงมาในโซนที่มีโอกาสเจอแรงซื้อเยอะๆ ตามหลัก SMC/ICT แล้วค่อยเข้า เพื่อให้ได้ราคาที่ดีและความเสี่ยงต่ำค่ะ ต้องรอสัญญาณ Price Action ยืนยันก่อนนะคะ ✍️
2️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 2: Follow Breakout (สายบู๊, รับความเสี่ยงได้)
🪙 Enter: เข้า Long ทันทีเมื่อราคาสามารถ Breakout เหนือ High ล่าสุดใน TF 15m หรือ 1H พร้อม Volume ที่เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ 🔥 🪙 TP: บริเวณ PWH 104,967.8 หรือ Buyside Liquidity ถัดไป 🚀 🪙 SL: ใต้ High ก่อนหน้าที่ถูก Breakout เล็กน้อย 🚧 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:3 ขึ้นไป ✨ 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้เหมาะกับคนที่อยากเข้าไวเมื่อเห็นโมเมนตัมแรงๆ ค่ะ เราจะเข้าเมื่อราคา Breakout แนวต้านระยะสั้นพร้อม Volume เป็นสัญญาณว่าแรงซื้อกำลังมาค่ะ เข้าได้เลยด้วยการตั้ง Limit Order หรือ Market Order เมื่อเห็นการ Breakout ที่ชัดเจนค่ะ 💨
3️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 3: พิจารณา Short สั้นๆ ในโซน Premium (สวนเทรนด์หลัก, ความเสี่ยงสูง)
🪙 Enter: หากราคาขึ้นไปในโซน Premium ใน TF 15m หรือ 1H และเกิดสัญญาณ Bearish Price Action ที่ชัดเจน เช่น แท่งเทียน Shooting Star หรือ Bearish Engulfing บริเวณ Supply Zone หรือ Bearish Order Block 🐻 🪙 TP: พิจารณาแนวรับถัดไป หรือ Sellside Liquidity ใน TF เดียวกัน 🎯 🪙 SL: เหนือ High ของสัญญาณ Bearish Price Action เล็กน้อย 💀 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:1.5 ขึ้นไป (เน้นย้ำว่าเป็นการเทรดสวนเทรนด์หลัก ควรใช้ RRR ต่ำและบริหารขนาด Lot อย่างเข้มงวด!) 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้สำหรับคนที่เห็นโอกาสในการทำกำไรจากการย่อตัวระยะสั้นค่ะ เราจะเข้า Short เมื่อเห็นสัญญาณว่าราคาอาจจะมีการพักฐานในโซนที่ถือว่า "แพง" ในกรอบสั้นๆ ค่ะ ต้องตั้ง Stop Loss ใกล้มากๆ และจับตาดูใกล้ชิดนะคะ 🚨
⚠️ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของ Lina เท่านั้น ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุนนะคะ การลงทุนมีความเสี่ยง ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบค่ะ 🙏
ขอให้ทุกท่านโชคดีกับการเทรดในวันนี้ค่ะ! มีคำถามอะไรเพิ่มเติม ถามมาได้เลยนะคะ ยินดีเสมอค่ะ! 😊
Bitcoin #BTCUSDT #Crypto #Trading #TechnicalAnalysis #SMC #ICT #MarketSlayer #TradeSetup #คริปโต #เทรดคริปโต #วิเคราะห์กราฟ #LinaEngword 😉
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@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 23:58:10► Audio Streaming
▷ Streaming Apps
- 🌐 /music streaming/ or Wiki Comparisons - Streaming Service Comparisons
- ↪️ Spotify Clients
- ↪️ YouTube Music Mobile
- ⭐ Custom YouTube Music - YouTube Music Client / Themes
- Deezer - Streaming / HiFi Features
- Moosync - YouTube / Spotify / Last.fm / Discord / GitHub
- yewtube - YouTube Music Client
- spmp - YouTube Music Client
- BetterSoundcloud - Soundcloud Client / Ad-Free / GitHub
- nuclear - Streaming / GitHub / Discord
- FunkWhale - Streaming
- DAB Music Player - Streaming / Uses Qobuz
- MP3Jam - Streaming
- Muffon - Streaming
- MusicBucket - Track / Share Music / Telegram
- Mixtape Garden - Create / Share Mixtapes
- Beatsync / GitHub, pulse, JukeboxStar or JukeboxToday - Listen Together / Listening Parties
▷ Streaming Sites
- ⭐ YouTube Music, Hyperpipe, Nonoki, ytify or Spotify One - YouTube Music WebUIs
- ⭐ YouTube Music Tools - Enhancements, 2 / Library Delete / Upload Delete / Spotify Playlist Import, 2, 3 / Better Lyrics / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ DAB Music Player - Browser Music / Uses Qobuz / Lossless
- ⭐ Reddit Music Player - Subreddit Music Player
- ⭐ SoundCloud - User Made Songs
- Spotify Web Client - Browser Music
- Groovesharks - Browser Music
- Last.fm - Browser Music / Tools
- FreeListenOnline - Browser Music
- Audiomack - Browser Music
- Pandora - Browser Music
- Jango - Browser Music
- Jamendo - Browser Music
- SoundClick - Browser Music
- Mixupload - Browser Music
- zvu4no - Browser Music
- Tancpol - Browser Music
- Saavn Web - Browser Music / GitHub
- musify - Browser Music
- ArtistGrid - Browser Music / Unreleased Hip-Hop
- The Urban Emporium - Hip Hop
- DatPiff - Hip Hop / Mixtapes
- MixtapeMonkey - Hip Hop / Mixtapes / Discord
- DMO - Electronic
- Vapor Archive - Vaporwave
- Keygen Music - Keygen Music
- Hype Machine - Rising
- CitizenFreak - Canadian Music
- Irama Nusantara - Indonesian Music / Downloader
- Dream of the 90s - Obscure 90s
- OperaOnVideo - Opera Recordings
- Classical Music Only or musopen - Classical Music
- Bandcamp - Free Music Release Platform
- Mirlo - Free Music Release Platform
- Newground Audio - User-Made Electronic Music
- Audius - User Made Music
- AudionautiX - Mood-Based Streaming
- Neko Network - Anime Music Videos
- Youtaite - Youtaite Resources / Songs
- Musicmap - Genealogy / History of Music Genres
- Map of Metal - Interactive Map of Metal History
- LostMyspace - Lost Myspace Songs
- Y'EDITS - Ye Remixes / Discord
- Mideastunes - Underground Music
- Musico - AI Generated Songs
- BitMidi - Stream / Download MIDI Files
- Tasso Music - Early Modern Music
- i78s, Archeophone, UCSB Cylinders, CLPGS, Tinfoil or American Historical Recordings - Phonograph / Gramophone Recordings
- FirstSounds - Oldest Music Recordings
- Russian Records - Russian Record Recordings
- Measuring Polyphony - Digital Encoding of Late Medieval Music
- DigLib - East African Recordings
- Tabletop Audio - Ambient Downloadable/Streamable Audio for Tabletop Games
- Openwhyd - Music Sharing Community / Chrome
▷ Concerts / Live Shows
- 🌐 365 Radio - List of YouTube DJ Channels
- ⭐ hate5six - Concert Recordings
- JamBase - Concert Recordings
- bt.etree - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- DimeADozen - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- ZOMB Torrents - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- Guitars101 - Concert Recordings / Bootlegs
- TheTradersDen - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- Lossless Legs - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- etreedb - Concert Recordings / Torrents
- MuseBootlegs - Bootleg Concert Recordings / Torrents
- LiveBootlegConcert - Bootleg Concert Recordings / Torrents
- EDMLiveSet or TopDJMixes - DJ Mixes / Livesets
- Mixing.dj - DJ Mixes / Streaming
- Volume - Live Cam Concerts
- ConcertArchives - Concert Tracking / Database
- SongKick, ConcertArchives or FindYourFest - Find Concerts / Music Festivals
- Cadenza - Find Classical / Contemporary Concerts
- WorldConcertHall - Concert Hall / Opera House Live Streams
- ToolDriveProject - Tool Live Archive
- RATM.live - Rage Against the Machine Live Archive
- RHCPLiveArchive - Red Hot Chili Peppers Live Archive
- Phish.in - Phish Live Archive / Mobile / Discord
- setlist.fm - Setlist Database
▷ Radio Streaming
- 🌐 FMSTREAM - Radio Index
- 🌐 Recommended Radio Streams - Radio Index
- 🌐 List of Internet Radio Stations - Radio Index
- 🌐 Radio Browser - Radio Index
- ↪️ Android / iOS - Podcast / Radio Apps
- ⭐ Radio Garden - Worldwide Radio Globe / Site Unblock, 2
- ⭐ BBC Sounds - BBC Live & Catch-up Radio / Downloader
- ⭐ Drive n Listen - Radio Driving Simulators
- iHeartRadio, Mixcloud, myTuner, TuneIn or Zeno - Podcasts / Radio
- Archive.org - News / Classic Radio / Podcasts
- Relic Radio or Old Time Radio - Classic Radio
- Old Time Radio Downloads - Classic Radio Downloads
- Braggoscope - BBC In Our Time Archive
- AudioFilesDrive - Radio Drama Downloads
- radiobot - Radio / Telegram
- Radio Browser - Open Radio Station Database / Index
- OnlineRadioBox - International Radio Directory / Playlists
- Streema - Global AM/FM & Internet Radio Directory
- Radio.net - International Radio Directory / Player
- myTuner - Global Radio & Podcasts / Multi-platform
- TuneYou - Radio Directory / Discovery Focus
- LiveOnlineRadio - Global Radio Directory / Country & Genre
- WorldRadioMap - Global Radio Map Interface
- vTuner - Radio Directory / Hardware Integration
- Zeno.fm - Community / Diaspora Radio Host
- radioline - Radio & Podcast Aggregator
- TheOneStopRadio - Radio Directory
- Radio Guide - Radio Directory
- Xiph - Icecast / Ogg Stream Directory
- UKRadioLive - UK Radio Station Directory
- ilovemusic - German Radio Directory
- Tvradiotuner - TV & Radio Stream Aggregator
- VRadio - Radio Directory / VRadio App
- raddio - Simple Radio Player / Directory
- Instant.audio - Minimalist Radio Player
- Flicker Radio - Simple / Lightweight Radio Player
- System Bus Radio - Experimental System Bus Sound
- QMPlay2 - Desktop Media / Radio Player
- StreamURL - Radio Stream URL Finder
- LiveATC - Air Traffic Radio Chatter
- Broadcastify - Live Emergency, Aircraft and Rail Radio
- OpenMHz - Live Police Radio
- RadioReference or morsecode.me - Morse Code Radio / Communication
- Worldwide Radio - Radio Extension
- Tempest - Use Monitor as AM Radio
▷ Internet Radio
- ⭐ RadioParadise - Online Radio / Listener Supported
- ⭐ SomaFM - Online Radio / Discovery Guide
- ⭐ NTS Radio - DJ Radio Shows / SoundCloud / Discovery Guide
- 0nRadio - Online Radio Directory
- 1a Radio - Online Radio Directory
- Radiodeck - Online Radio Player / Directory
- Quasar Radio - Online Radio Directory
- AccuRadio - Online Radio
- You Radio - Online Radio
- Audiophile - Online Radio
- ShoutCast - User-Stations
- Live365 - User-Stations
- Internet-Radio - Station-Directory
- CoreRadio - Metalcore / Hardcore / Deathcore
- JetSetRadio / 2 - Game Soundtracks
- deepcut.fm - Deep-Cuts
- Tilderadio - Community Radio
- UpBeat - Community Radio / Discord
- Radio.dubbeh - Independent Internet Radio
- Radios.yt - YT Radio Aggregator
- radio.uwu - Subculture Radio
- Rekt FM - Chill / Space / Dark / Horror Synth / EBSM / EDM Radio
- Nightwave Plaza - Vaporwave Radio
- Retrowave - Synthwave / Retrowave Radio
- Nightride.fm - Synthwave / Darksynth Radio
- Di.fm - Electronic Radio
- 0x40 - Electronic Radio with Anime Pictures
- Openings Moe - Anime Theme Radio
- Ongaku or r-a-d.io - Anime Radio
- Pool Suite - Summer Radio
- J1 Radio - J-Pop Radio
- LISTEN.moe - K-Pop Radio
- 420.moe - 420 Radio
- HollowEarthRadio - Pacific Northwest Artists
- Nectarine - Demo Scene Music Radio
- Daft Punk Cafe - Daft Punk Radio
- Radiooooo - Radio / Time Machine
- Campus FM - College Radio
- RadioSide - Internet Radio Receiver
- streamWriter - Internet Radio Audio Downloader
▷ Podcast Streaming
- ↪️ Android / iOS - Podcast / Radio Apps
- ⭐ Spotify Podcasts - Podcasts / Companion / RSS / Video Download / Audio Download
- ⭐ Pocket Casts - Podcasts / Desktop App
- Podchaser, Rephonic or Listen Notes - Podcast Databases / Trackers
- Apple Podcasts - Podcasts
- PodParadise - Podcasts
- Podbean - Podcasts
- Podbay - Podcasts
- BBC Podcasts - Podcasts / Downloader
- Podcast Index - Podcasts
- Player FM - Podcasts
- Podcast Republic - Podcasts
- Relay.fm - Podcasts
- PodClips - Podcast Clips
- podcast-dl, PodcastBulkDownloader, PodFetch, PodDL or PodGrab - Podcast Downloaders
- PodScripts - Podcast Transcript Search
- OpenPodcast - Podcast Analytics
- castero - TUI Terminal Podcast Client
- Grover or GPodder - Podcast Client
- EchoWalk - Turn Articles / Webpages into Podcasts
- PodSync - Turn YouTube Video into Podcasts
- JRE Missing - Tracks Missing JRE Podcasts
- Podcatalysts - Podcast Recommendation Newsletter
▷ Ambient / Relaxation
- ↪️ Android / iOS - Ambient / Relaxation Mobile Apps
- ⭐ Drone Zone or Music For Programming - Ambient Playlists
- ⭐ CityHop or Japan Walkaround - Lofi Radio / City Walks
- ⭐ Coding Cat - Lofi Radio / Nyan Cat's Cousin
- ⭐ Chillhop - Lofi Radio
- ⭐ myNoise - Customizable Ambient Sound Mixer
- ⭐ Rainy Mood - Ambient Rain
- Lowkey Lofi, 2 - Lofi Radio / 80+ Combined Channels
- Lofi and Games - Lofi Radio + Simple Games
- FlowTunes - Lofi + Focus Radio / Ambient Sounds
- Petrichoir - Lofi Radio / Ambient Sounds
- Lofizen - Lofi Radio / Ambient Sounds
- Rainbow Hunt - Ambient Rain
- Pluvior, rainfor.me - Ambient Rain
- Raining.fm - Ambient Rain
- Rainyscope - Ambient Rain
- Moon Phase Radio - Lofi Radio
- Ambient Sleeping Pill - Lofi Radio
- LofiCafe - Lofi Radio
- Ambicular - Lofi Radio
- FreeCodeCamp - Lofi Radio
- Loofi - Lofi Radio
- Lofi Club - Lofi Radio
- Lofi Limo - Lofi Radio
- DevTunes FM - Lofi Radio
- Moss Garden - Lofi Radio
- ambiphone or Moodist - Simple Ambient Sound Mixers
- Click Bath - Ambient Sound Mixer with Customizable Musical Scale / Instruments
- IMissTheOffice - Ambient Office Sounds with Interactive UI
- Homesick - Ambient Home Sounds
- VirtOcean - Ambient Ocean Sounds
- imissmycafe - Ambient Cafe Sounds
- Relaxing Sounds, Calmsound, Click Relax, Moszen, Zen Sounds or NoisyLoop - Ambient Soundscapes
- lofi-player, 2 - Create Room / Lofi Player
- Wisdom Tree - TUI Concentration App
- Ambie - Ambient Sound Desktop App
- Generative.fm or Lofi Generator - Generative Ambient Music
- Earth.fm, tree.fm or Sounds of Maine - Field Recordings
- HaloMe - Halo Menu Screens
- CanvasCycle - 8-bit Scenes with Ambient Sounds
- Ambient Mixer - User-Made Soundscapes
- ChillOuts - Meditation Aid
- You are Listening To LA - Ambient City Sounds & Live LAPD Police Radio
- TheWhiteNoiseMachine - White Noise Generator
- Listen to Wikipedia - Wikipedia Recent Changes Feed Sounds
► Spotify Clients
- ⭐ Spotify Desktop - Official Client / Use Adblockers Below / Installer Archive
- ⭐ Spicetify - Modded Client with Adblock Plugins / CLI / Addons / Join Discord for Version Compatibility
- Lofi Rocks - Tiny / Minimal Client / GitHub
- Spotify Web Client / Enhanced UI / Lyrics, 2
▷ Spotify Adblockers
- ⭐ SpotX / Telegram
- ⭐ BlockTheSpot / Discord
- BurntSushi
- Spotify Adblock Guide
- Spotify Mobile Adblock - Android / iOS
▷ Spotify Playlists
- ↪️ Spotify Playlist Generators
- ⭐ exportify / GitHub or spotify-backup - Playlist Backup
- ⭐ playlists.cloud, SpotTransfer, Trikatuka or Spotify2YouTubeMusic - Playlist Transfer Tools
- Skiley or Kotify - Playlist Managers
- Playlist Sorter or SortYourMusic / GitHub - Sort Playlists
- Timelineify - Sort Playlists by Release
- Playlist Hospital - Repairs Unplayable Songs in Spotify Playlists
- Spotify Dedup - Remove Duplicates in Playlists / GitHub
- Tagify - Use Playlists as Tags
- Share Liked Songs - Create Shareable Playlist from Liked Songs
- PlaylistProxy - Create Anonymous Playlists / GitHub
- Spotlistr - Playlist Converter
- Playlistor - Apple Music Playlist Converter
- Playlist Randomizer - Playlist Randomizer
- XM Playlist - XM Radio Spotify Playlists
- Spotify Playlist Archive - Archive of Official Spotify Playlists
- SpotifyCloud - Playlist Words
▷ Spotify Tools
- ⭐ Spicetify - Spotify Themes / Plugins / CLI / Addons / Join Discord for Version Compatibility
- sptlrx or Versefy - Lyric Apps
- Syrics - Download Synced Lyrics / GitHub
- Random Songs - Play Random Spotify Songs
- Opslagify - Library Size
- Album Availability Map - Check Album Availability
- Awesome Spotify Stats, Spotify Stats, Your Spotify or NewTunes - Listening Stats
- Chart My Music - Spotify Album Collages
- Tierify - Tier Lists
- CanvasDownloader - Extract Spotify Canvas Walls
- Kira - Browse by Country / GitLab
- ListenByLabel - Browse by Labels
- spotify-github-profile - GitHub Display
- ReleaseFeed - Create Artist RSS Feeds
► Audio Ripping
- Note - Some sites and tools accept URLs from various streaming sites but only use a particular source (usually YouTube) to get the audio. We've only mentioned a platform if it can directly rip audio from there.
▷ Audio Ripping Sites
- ⭐ DoubleDouble - Multi-Site / 320kb / MP3 / FLAC / Auto-Retry / Telegram / Discord
- ⭐ cobalt - YouTube / SoundCloud / 320kb / MP3 / Ad-Free / Instances / Playlist Support, 2
- ⭐ squid.wtf - Qobuz / Khinsider / FLAC / GitHub
- YTiz - YouTube / SoundCloud / Bandcamp / 128kb / AAC / GitHub
- AMP3 - YouTube / 320kb
- Download Bandcamp - Bandcamp / 128kb MP3
- DownloadSound - SoundCloud / 128kb MP3 / Discord
- SoundcloudMP3 - SoundCloud / 128kb MP3
▷ Audio Ripping Tools
- ↪️ YT-DLP - YouTube / Multi-Site Downloaders
- ⭐ Soulseek or Nicotine+ - Download App / Stats / Server App / Batch DDL
- ⭐ Soggfy - Spotify / 160kb Free / 320kb Premium
- ⭐ OnTheSpot - Multi-Site / Discord
- ⭐ Exact Audio Copy / Guide or Whipper - CD / DVD Audio Ripper
- Firehawk52 - Qobuz / Tidal / Discord / Telegram
- Votify - Spotify / 160kb Free / 320kb Premium / Requires WVD Keys / Discord
- streamrip - Deezer / Tidal / Qobuz / SoundCloud / 128kb Free / FLAC / Use Firehawk52 / Colab
- OrpheusDL - Deezer / Qobuz / 128kb Free / FLAC / Use Firehawk52 / Deezer Module / Qobuz Module
- DeemixFix, Deemix Revival or SaturnMusic - Deezer / FLAC
- Murglar - Deezer / SoundCloud / VK / 320kb MP3
- Shira - YouTube / SoundCloud / Bandcamp / 128kb AAC
- QobuzDownloaderX-MOD - Qobuz / 128kb Free / FLAC / Use Firehawk52
- qobuz-dl - Qobuz / 128kb Free / FLAC / Use Firehawk52
- you-get - SoundCloud / Bilibili / 128kb MP3
- tidal-dl-ng - Tidal / Use Firehawk52
- GamDL - Apple / FLAC / Use Firehawk52
- BandCamp-DL - Bandcamp / 128kb MP3 / Discord / Free Only
- AccurateRip - Verify Ripped Tracks are Error-Free
▷ Telegram Bots
- BeatSpotBot - Spotify / Deezer / Tidal / Yandex / VK / FLAC / 25 Daily
- JioDLBot - JioSaavn / Gaana / FLAC
- Spotify_download_bot - YouTube / JioSaavn / 320kb MP3 / Get MP3s via Settings
- Music_Downloader_Bot_Spotify - YouTube / M4A / ACC / 128kb MP3
- GlomaticoBlueMusicBot - Amazon Music Downloader / Discord / Telegram
- GlomaticoPinkMusicBot - Apple Music Downloader / Discord / Telegram
- DeezerMusicBot - Deezer / 320kb MP3 / FLAC
- deezload2bot - Deezer / 320kb MP3
- Music_Hunters - Deezer / 320kb MP3
- Motreeb - Spotify / 320kb MP3
- spotifydownloadrobot - Spotify / 160kb MP3
- scdlbot - YouTube / SoundCloud / Bandcamp / 128kb MP3
- soundcloudaudiodownloader - YouTube / SoundCloud / 128kb MP3
- VK Bot, vkmusbot or Meph Bot - VK / 320kb MP3
- Song_downloaderbot - JioSaavn / 128kb MP3
- FLAC Musik - Bollywood FLAC
▷ Download Sites
- Note - Use redirect bypassers to skip annoying link shorteners.
- 🌐 Music Education Masterlist
- ↪️ Royalty Free Music
- ⭐ TrackerHub - Artists Spreadsheet / Frontend / Discord
- ⭐ Audio Download CSE / CSE 2 / CSE 3 - Multi-Site Search
- ⭐ DAB Music Player - FLAC / Uses Qobuz / Desktop App
- /r/xTrill - Download App / Backup
- VK::MP3 - VK MP3 Search Tool
- musify - 320kb / MP3
- ccMixter - DL / Stream / 320kb / MP3
- RockDownload - 320kb / MP3
- punk.cat - 320kb / MP3
- SongsLover - 256kb / MP3
- Freemp3cloud - 256kb / MP3
- Ezhevika - 192kb / MP3
- Archive.org - MP3
- SoundClick - MP3
- z3.fm - MP3
- nodata - MP3
- LEAKED - MP3
- Tancpol - MP3
- New Album Releases - MP3
- mp3db - MP3
- DeadPulpit - MP3
- Saavn Web - MP3 / GitHub
- CannaPower - MP3 / Telegram
- GloryBeats - MP3
- Cliggo - MP3
- Mixupload - MP3
- zvu4no - MP3
- FLAC Attack or Lossless-Music - FLAC
- Losslessma - FLAC
- FlacMusic - FLAC
- Sacd - FLAC
- Lossless-FLAC - FLAC
- DiscogC - FLAC
- LosslessAlbums or HDMusic - FLAC
- Creamusic - FLAC / Bypass Limit with VPN
- QMusic - MP3 / FLAC
- IntMusic - MP3 / FLAC
- Gangster - MP3 / FLAC
- GetRockMusic - MP3 / FLAC
- Core Radio - MP3 / FLAC
- AlterPortal - MP3 / FLAC
- ShareMania - FLAC / MP3 / M4A
- Moe:81 - MP3 / FLAC
- Plastinka - MP3 / FLAC
- Exystence - MP3 / FLAC
- ThemFire - MP3 / FLAC
- Music Rider - MP3 / FLAC
- FindFlac - FLAC / MP3 / MP4
- iPlusFree, iTopMusic or iTDMusic - iTunes M4A
- xprm - MP3 / DL / Stream / Requests
- Jimmy R or Musgle - Google Directory Search / MP3
- SongStems - STEM Files
- BitMidi, Geocities Midis / 2, Tricotism, ArtScene or VGMusic - MIDI Files
- Free Music Archive, Unminus, BenSound, HookSounds, UppBeat, Soundimage, free stock music or Fugue - Royalty Free Music
- Music Hoarders - Music Hoarding Community / Wiki
▷ Genre Specific
- Take Metal - Metal / MP3
- Me-4U - Metal / MP3
- Metalminos - Metal / MP3
- In The Fog - Metal / MP3
- TechnicalDeathMetal - Metal / MP3
- HeavyMetalRarities - Metal / MP3
- GetMetal Club - Metal / MP3 / FLAC
- Nuclear Holocaust - Metal / FLAC
- We Need Match - Metal / FLAC / M4A
- Sophie's Floorboard - Hardcore / MP3
- 1Gabba - Electronic / MP3
- Gabber - Electronic / MP3
- EDMWaves - Electronic / MP3
- MusicFans - Electronic / MP3
- PSYFP - Electronic / MP3
- DMO - Electronic / MP3
- MyPromoSound - Electronic / MP3
- ElectronicFresh - Electronic / MP3
- Ektoplazm - Electronic / MP3 / FLAC
- KTI Music - Electronic / MP3 / FLAC
- 1Trance - Trance / MP3
- 1Techno - Techno / MP3
- GlobalDJMix - DJ Mixes / MP3
- EDMLiveSet - DJ Mixes / Livesets
- oVPN DJ Mixes - DJ Mixes
- LOA2K or Nu Guide - Vaporwave
- inconstant sol, David W. Niven Collection or JazznBlues - Jazz / MP3
- EssentialHouse - House / MP3
- Bluegrass Archive - Bluegrass / FLAC
- BurningTheGround - 80s / 90s / FLAC
- aboutdisco - Disco / MP3
- ProgRockVintage - Classic Rock / MP3
- Classical Music Download - Classical / FLAC
- FoggyNotion - Classic Music / MP3 / FLAC
- chucrute com quiabo or MeetingInMusic - Classical / MP3
- FlatbackAndClassical - Classic Indian Music / FLAC
- madrotter-treasure-hunt - Indonesian Music
- Kiddie Records - Classic Children's Records
- HQ Hip Hop or GoldHipHop - Hip Hop / MP3 / FLAC
- Rapload or HipHopa - Hip Hop / MP3
- Rap War - Hip Hop / MP3
- Dez Flight Underground - Underground Hip Hop
- The Noise-Arch Archive - Underground Cassette Tapes
- Y'EDITS - Ye Remixes / Discord
- Tom Lehrer Songs - All Tom Lehrer Songs / Public Domain
- MusicRepublic - World / MP3 / FLAC
- KPopFLAC - K-Pop / FLAC
- KPopMusicDownload - K-Pop / MP3
- FondSound - Experimental / MP3
- Hipstrumentals - Instrumentals / MP3
- MikuDB - Vocaloid / MP3
► Audio Torrenting
- Note - Remember to get a VPN before torrenting.
- ↪️ General Torrent Sites
- ⭐ Redacted - MP3 / FLAC / Interviews, 2
- ⭐ New-Team - MP3 / FLAC
- ⭐ Orpheus - MP3 / FLAC / Interviews
- ⭐ Lidarr or Headphones - Audio Torrent Autodownload
- ⭐ Audio Torrent CSE - Multi-Site Search
- TPB Music - MP3 / FLAC / Avoid Software / Games
- TheMixingBowl - Forum / Mixes / MP3 / Sign-Up Required
- Metal Tracker or RockBox - Metal / MP3 320kb / FLAC
- BlackTorrent or iPlayMetal - Metal / MP3 / FLAC
- the /kpg/ torrent - 900GB+ K-Pop Torrent File / MP3 320kb / FLAC
- MixtapeTorrent - Mixtapes / MP3 / Various Bitrates
- TorrentTech - Electronic / MP3 320kb / Sign-Up Required / Zip File
- TribalMixes - Forum / DJ Mixes / MP3
- PandaCD - User-Made Music / MP3 / FLAC
- NFO DB - MP3 NFO Database
- PreDB.eu - PreDB for Music
► Media Soundtracks
- 🌐 EverythingMoe, 2 - Otaku Music Sites Index / Discord
- 🌐 Wotaku - Otaku Music Index / Discord
- ⭐ Squidify - Game / Anime Soundtracks / Resources
- ⭐ Sitting on Clouds, 2 - Anime / Game Soundtracks / Discord / .onion
- MusicDex - Anime Soundtracks / Discord
- 3ost, joshw / Search or tanikal - Soundtracks
- RenovationRecords - HQ Movies Soundtracks
- KDramaOST - KDrama Soundtracks
- Animal Crossing Radio - Animal Crossing Radio
- AniPlaylist, SakuraOST, HiyoriOST, OSAnime or Anime Sharing - Anime Soundtracks
- OtakuOst - Anime Soundtracks & Japanese Music
- Doujin Cafe (Discord) or DoujinStyle / Discord - Doujin Music
▷ Game Soundtracks
- ⭐ Khinsider - Game Soundtracks / MP3 / Downloader, 2
- RetroTracks - Retro Game Soundtracks / MP3
- VGMPF - Retro Game Soundtracks / MP3
- VGMRips - Retro Game Music Rips / VGM
- Zophar's - Retro Game Music Rips / VGM
- GameOST - Game Soundtracks / MP3
- VIP VGM - Game Music Radio
- Cirrus Retro - Game Music Radio
- Rainwave - Game Music Radio
- RPGGamers Radio - Game Music Radio
- VGMRadio - Game Music Radio
- VGM - Game Music Radio
- NSF j - NES Music
- HVSC - Commodore 64 Music
- Goldenrod Radio - Pokémon Music
- GTA Radio Stations Music - GTA Radio Stations
- Exotica - Retro Gaming Music Wiki
- VGMdb - Video Game Music Database
► Tracking / Databases
- ⭐ RateYourMusic - Ratings / Reviews / Add Features / Last.fm Stats / Forum
- ⭐ Last.fm / Tools, ListenBrainz or Music Board - Track Listening Habits / Songs
- ⭐ Muspy, Drop Watch, MusicButler or Brew.fm - Get Album Release Updates
- Has it Leaked - Album Leak Tracker
- MyPitchFork - Individual Song Rating / Tracking
- TuneMyMusic - Transfer Playlists Between Services
- rate.house - Media Tracker
- MediaTracker - Self-Hosted Media Tracker
- Maloja / GitHub or Multi Scrobbler - Self-Hosted Audio Scrobbling
- libib - Desktop Media Catalog
▷ Curated Recommendations
- 🌐 /music discovery/ - Music Discovery Guide
- ⭐ AnyDecentMusic - Album Review Aggregator
- ⭐ Acclaimed Music - Discover Acclaimed Music of the Times
- ⭐ RYM Ultimate Box Set - Artist Recommendations by Genre
- ⭐ /r/ifyoulikeblank - Artist Recommendations
- ⭐ MixesDB - DJ Set Database
- ⭐ EveryNoise - Discover Music Genres / New Music
- ⭐ Tunefind - Find Music from Movies / TV
- lazyrecords, Discover Quickly, Chosic, TapeFear, SongsLikeX, Dubolt or Maroofy - Song Discovery Tools
- Music-Map, Musicroamer, Gnoosic, Music Galaxy, Unchartify / Telegram, SAGE, LivePlasma or GNOD - Artist Discovery Tools
- Discogs - Ratings / Reviews / Scout / Timestamps
- Sputnik - Ratings / Reviews
- AlbumOfTheYear - Ratings / Reviews
- AllMusic - Ratings / Reviews
- MusicBrainz - Ratings / Reviews
- Odesli - Song / Podcast Platform Search / Telegram Bot
- Kworb, Spotify Charts or SuperFridayChart - Music Top Charts
- ClassicRockHistory - Classic Rock Band Archive
- TheIndieRockPlaylist - Indie Rock Archive
- Metal Archives - Metal Band Archive
- DAHR - American Historical Recordings Database
- IDM Discovery - IDM Artist Archive
- TrackID or 1001Tracklists - Live Set Tracklist Databases
- Rec Charts - Music Recommendation Guides
- Shfl - Album Recommendations
- 45Cat - Vinyl Ratings / Reviews
- Spoqify - Anonymous Playlist Generator
- MusicTo - Musician Curated Playlists
- BoilTheFrog - Create Playlist from 2 Artists
- Obscurify or MusicTaste - Compare Music Taste to Others
- Random Song Generator or Samplette - Play Random YouTube Songs
- 1001 Albums Generator - Generates Random Album Everyday
- DigitalDreamDoor - Greatest 100 Lists
- Best Ever Albums - Discover Albums
- MusicGenreTree - Discover New Music by Genre
- SecondHandSongs, RemixSearch or WhoSampled - Cover / Remix Databases
- SoundtrackTracklist or FilmMusicSite - Soundtrack Databases
- generasia - Asian Music Wiki
- dbkpop, Stage48, KPop Fandom or KPopping - K-Pop Databases
- Music.ishkur - Electronic Music Guide
- TranceFix - Trance Music Forum
- This Is What You Listen To - Song Genre / Info Analyzer
- Identifying Music Genres - Compare Music Genres
- Loudness War - Albums Dynamic Range Database
- AME - Music Site Enhancement Userscripts
- Music Chart Maker - Create Album Collages
▷ Last.fm Tools
- 🌐 Awesome Last.fm - Last.fm Tool Index
- ⭐ OpenScrobbler - Manually Scrobble Anything / Discord / GitHub
- ⭐ Last.fm Stats - In-Depth Last.fm Stats / GitHub
- Web Scrobbler - Scrobble Any Site
- Edit Scrobbles - Manually Edit Scrobbles
- Last.fm Labs - Last.fm Library Visualizers
- ChartMyMusic, TapMusic or MusicCoruMap - Album Collages
- Last.fm Iceberg - Last.fm Artist Iceberg
- TagCloud - Last.fm Tag Cloud
- Mainstream Calc - Mainstream Calculator
- Decent.live - Now Playing Tool
► Audio Tools
- 🌐 Music Megathread or AudioMarx - Audio Resources
- 🌐 Binaural Audio - Binaural / 3D Audio Resources / Discord
- ↪️ System Audio Tools
- ↪️ Voice Change / Clone
- ↪️ Text to Speech
- ⭐ Audio Glossary - Audio Terms Glossary
- ⭐ FFmpeg, fre:ac / GitHub, FlicFlac, LameXP or Sox - Audio Converters
- Hydrogenaudio - Audio Technology Wiki
- Phiola, AudioToolSet or Safeaudiokit - Audio Multi-Tool Apps / Sites
- Vocaroo - Online Voice Recorder
- Tunebat or QO & SPECTRE - Music Key / BPM Databases
- Karaoke Mugen - Karaoke App
- X-Minus or LRC Maker - Create Karaoke Songs
- VB Cables - Virtual Audio Cables
- Librescore Downloader - Librescore Downloader
- M3Unator - Generate M3U Playlists from Open Directories
▷ Audio Players
- ⭐ Foobar2000
- ⭐ Foobar2000 Tools - Components, 2 / VU Meter / Scrobble / Lyric Sync
- ⭐ WACUP / Discord
- ⭐ AIMP
- ⭐ MusicBee
- Harmonoid / Discord
- TimeStetch - Web-Based
- MusikCube - Terminal-Based
- XMPlay - Module-Friendly
- Butterchurn Visualizer, MusicVid, Vizzy or CatNip - Audio Visualizers
- PartyEngine - Audio Party Visualizer
- NCurses++
- Museeks
- Audacious
- Strawberry
- Exaile
- quodlibet
- deadbeef
- Swing / Telegram / GitHub
- Nora
- Hyperchroma
- Melodie
- Dopamine
- LedFx - LED Music Sync
- RockBox - Custom Player for Audio Devices
- VinylEngine - Record Player / Vinyl Info
▷ Audio Servers
- ⭐ Navidrome
- ⭐ Airsonic or Airsonic Advanced / Web UI
- ⭐ koel
- ⭐ iBroadcast
- ⭐ AudioRelay - Stream Audio Between Devices
- Audioling or Gelli (Android) - Jellyfin Music Players
- SnapCast or SonoBus - Sound System Sync
- mStream
- Mopidy
- Black Candy
- Music Player Daemon
- Polaris
- Gonic
- SynchronousAudioRouter
- Ampache
▷ Audio Metadata
- ↪️ Album Artwork
- ⭐ MP3Tag - Metadata Organizer
- YADG - Scrape Music Release Date Info / API
- Beets - Metadata Organizer / Guides / GitHub
- TagEditor - Metadata Organizer
- tone - Metadata Organizer
- Kid3 - Metadata Organizer
- Imploded - Metadata Organizer
- MetaTogger - Metadata Organizer
- MusicBrainz - Metadata Organizer
- TagScanner - Metadata Organizer
▷ Song Identification
- ⭐ Shazam - Android / Unlock / Desktop App
- ⭐ WhatAmIHearing - Song Identification App
- ⭐ WatZatSong - Song Identification Forum
- /r/NameThatSong - Song Identification Subreddit
- FlairMax
- Aha Music
- AudioTag
- SampleSeek - Find Sample Origins
- SoundHound - Android
- Audile - Android
- Audire - Android
- AmbientMusicMod - Android
▷ Lyric Sites
- ⭐ dumb, Intellectual or genius - Lyric Explanations
- AZLyrics, Lyricsify, FindMusicByLyrics or Lyrics.com - Lyric Search
- Lyricify - Lyrics Desktop App
- Versefy or Lyrics-In-Terminal - Lyric Finder for Spotify / Tidal / VLC
- LyricsTranslate - Lyric Translator
- LRCGET - Download Synced Lyrics
- LRCLIB - Synced Lyrics Search
▷ Sheet Music / Notation
- 🌐 Awesome Music Notation - Notation Tools
- 🌐 Awesome Sheet Music - Sheet Music Software & Resources
- ↪️ Music Notation Editors
- ↪️ Music Sheet Collections
- Sheethost - Publish Sheet Music
- The ABC Music Project / Editor, 2, 3 / PNG Convert / MIDI Convert / Webpages - Notation Markup Language
- Chordly - Chord Sheet Creator / GitHub
- Piascore - iOS Music Score Viewer
- IMSLP - Public Domain Scores
- /r/sheetmusic - Reddit Community
- VGLeadSheets - Transcribe Video Game Music
- Omnizart - Python Music Transcription Library
- Audiveris - OMR Engine / GitHub
- Oemer - OMR Tool / Colab / Demo
- Sheet Music Scanner - Mobile OMR App
- music-reader - Practice Reading Sheet Music
- Sound Slice or Nootka - Sheet Music Learning
- Nutkus - Notation Learning Game
▷ Spectrum Analyzers
- ⭐ Audio Quality Check Guide
- ⭐ Comparison of Audio Compression
- ⭐ Fakin' The Funk?
- ⭐ Sonic Visualizer
- ⭐ Spek
- Visual Analyser
- Friture
- Spectro
- Cambia - CD Rip Log Checker
▷ Linux Audio Tools
▷ Mac Audio Tools
► Audio Editing
- 🌐 Awesome Music Production or AFreeStudio - Music Production Indexes
- ↪️ AI Audio Generation
- ↪️ Separate Voice / Instrumentals
- ⭐ AudioSEX, KVR Audio or VI-CONTROL - Audio Production Forums / News
- ProducerLibrary - Audio Production Tutorials / Discord
- We Suck At Producing - Audio Production Discord
- Adobe Enhance - Speech Enhancer
- Chowdhury DSP - Audio Signal Processing
- Oscilloscope - Audio Oscillation Test (turn volume down)
- MoFi - Create Audio Loops
- Jukeblocks - Generate Audio Project Templates / Heavy Webpage
- Tonocracy, NeuralAmpModeler, GuitarML or TONEX CS - Guitar Tones, Effects & Virtual Amps
- ToneHunt - Guitar Tone Profiles
- PresetShare - Audio Presets
- VSTSkins - VST Skins
▷ Audio Editors
- ⭐ G-MEH - Audio Editors / Discord
- ⭐ Tenacity or Audacity - Audio Editors
- ⭐ FL Studio - Digital Audio Workstation
- ⭐ Reaper - Digital Audio Workstation / Note
- ⭐ Team V.R releases or AudioZ / Forum - Audio Editors, Adobe Software, Plugins, etc.
- ⭐ Moises - Live Music Mixer
- ⭐ OpenMPT, Schism Tracker or MilkyTracker - Music Trackers
- Zrythm - Digital Audio Workstation
- LMMS - Digital Audio Workstation / Discord
- Waveform - Digital Audio Workstation
- Ossia - Intermedia Sequencer
- Mixxx, VirtualDJ or Serato - DJ Software
- plugdata - Visual Audio Editor / Discord
- Element, Bespoke or SunVox - Modular Audio Environments / Discord
- Music Experiment, Sonic-Pi, SuperCollider or WebChuck IDE - Create Music with Code
- WaveTracker - Wavetable Audio Editor / GitHub
- ocenaudio - Audio Editor
- FamiStudio - NES Audio Editor / Discord / GitHub
- LittleSoundDJ - Game Boy Audio Editor
- Rosegarden or Ariamaestosa - Midi Sequencer / Notation Editors
- Basic Pitch - Create MIDI via Sound
- BitMidi or VGMusic - MIDI Files
- Mod Archive - Audio Modules
- Fadr or StemRoller / GitHub - STEM Creator / Editors
▷ Browser Editors / Synths
- ⭐ Audioalter - Online Editor
- ⭐ WavaCity - Online Editor
- ⭐ BandLab - Digtal Audio Workstation
- ⭐ Drumha, iO-808, Sequencer64, Drummy, Hammmerhead, DrumBit, orDrumbox, Peel or Hydrogen - Virtual Drum Machines
- UltraBox, AbyssBox, 16-Bits, Furnace, JummBox / GitHub, BeepBox or GoldBox - Chiptune Sequencers / Trackers
- Pro-54 - Pro-53 Browser Port
- Roland50.studio or Acid Machine 2 - Drum Machine / TB-303 Bass Synth
- Efflux, OnlineSequencer or Chrome Song Maker - Online Sequencers
- Sequencer, Draw Audio or DrawBeats - Scale Sequencers
- Petaporon or Pianoboi - Piano Sequencers / Instrument Editor
- AudioMass - Online Editor
- editor.audio - Online Editor
- TwistedWave - Online Editor
- xAudioPro - Online Editor
- Signal - MIDI Editor
- Tonecraft - 3D Song Creator
- WebSynths or Wavepad - Browser Synthesizers
- NoiseCraft - Modular Synth Builder
- StarrynetsPiano or VirtualPiano - Browser Pianos
- MK-1 - Online Sampling Keyboard
- VO Pads - Video Sample Sequencer
- React Guitar - Virtual Guitar
- Theremin - Virtual Theremin
- Pantam Playground - Virtual Pantam
- RaveDJ - Easily Mix Songs Together
- Melody Generator - Generate Song Melodies
- WD-1 or YOU.DJ - Online DJ / Beat Creators
- PIXELSYNTH - Image to Sound Synthesizer
- Slowed and Reverb - Make Slowed, Reverb and Remixed Songs
- BeatMachine, bungee or SongSurgeon - Audio Tempo Editors
- MIDI City - City Style MIDI Visualizer
- MIDI Recorder - MIDI Keyboard Recorder
▷ Audio Plugins
- ⭐ G-MEH - Download
- ⭐ AudioZ - Download / Forum
- ⭐ Team V.R releases - Download
- ⭐ Kits4Beats - Download / Torrent / Telegram
- ⭐ bobdule - Kontakt / Native Instruments Plugins & Tools
- ⭐ PLUGG SUPPLY - Telegram / VK
- AirWindows - Download / Consolidated
- AudioWavePro - Telegram / AudioZ Reuploads
- Plugins4Free - Download
- Pianobook - 1500+ Sample Packs
- /u/BitterApple69 Plugins - Torrent
- AudioTools - Torrent / Use Translator
- Producer Plug Sheet - Plugin / Sample Index
- HQVst - Telegram
▷ Freeware Plugins
- 🌐 Free VST Plugins, 2 - Freeware Plugin Index
- 🌐 Open-Source Audio Plugins - Open Source Plugin Projects Index
- ⭐ Surge XT - Hybrid / Subtractive Synth
- ⭐ Vital or Helm - Wavetable Synth
- ⭐ Dexed - Yamaha DX7 Emulation
- DecentSamples or Plogue - VST Samplers / Libraries, 2, 3
- VCV Rack 2 or Cardinal - Eurorack Simulator
- IEM Plug-in Suite - Open Source
- ChowMultiTool - Open Source
- SPARTA - Open Source
- ZynAddSubFX
- KoanSound - Plugins / Discord
- Spitfire Audio - Plugins
- Producer Arcadia - Plugins / Discord
- Krush - Bitcrusher (Deep Fry) Plugin
- samplv1 - Voice Synth
- /r/SynthRecipes - Synth Request Subreddit
▷ SFX / Loops
- ⭐ OrangeFreeSounds
- ⭐ BandLab SFX - Account Required
- EXP Soundboard, Sound Show / Discord, Soundux or Resanance - Soundboard Programs
- MyInstants, Thirtydollar, InternetsFun, 101soundboards or Soundboard.com - Online Soundboards
- SampleBrain, rFXGen, Bfxr, ChipTone or SFXR - Sound Effect Creators
- /r/LoopKits
- Free Adobe SFX
- BBC Sound Effects / Downloader
- Freesound
- GDC
- Citizen DJ
- SoundGator
- Voicy
- FindSounds
- PacDV
- Free Loops
- looperman
- Noizable
- SampleSwap
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@ 3d073b19:4ae60f39
2025-05-12 00:09:07This is an English openletter
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@ e39333da:7c66e53a
2025-05-12 00:03:18::youtube{#VQRLujxTm3c}
Rockstar released the second trailer for Grand Theft Auto VI, where they mention that it showcases both cinematic and gameplay scenes equally, though of course it doesn't show any direct gameplay.
This trailer also announces the release date for the game. The game will come out on the 26th of May, 2026, for the PS5 and the Xbox One.
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@ 3d073b19:4ae60f39
2025-05-11 23:59:56Heading 1
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@ 3d073b19:4ae60f39
2025-05-11 23:52:28Headings
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@ 3c389c8f:7a2eff7f
2025-05-11 22:53:30As I'm sitting here trying to hone in on what might be important to write about in this moment, my mind keeps swirling around through all the things that have me sitting here to begin with. Nostr found me in a time when my life needed a change. The discovery of something that provided the light of hope to an otherwise dark, dystopian future was more powerful than I could have ever predicted. Timing is everything, they say. I believe that to be half true, as timing alone means nothing if the will is non-existent. The intersection of opportunity and preparedness, and all that. I know how I found my way here, but I do not fully understand the things that have drawn my curiosity and kept my attention so strongly. My will ached for change, simplicity, and meaning. I found it, in what seem to me, simultaneously the most likely and the most unlikely of places. There's a magic to that, and its probably better to leave some questions unanswered, lest they lose their mystic power.
My experiences are my own but theme of them resonates through most of the people with whom I interact. It's been very clear that I wasn't alone in these feelings. A movement of highly inspired, hopeful people have continued to support this digital freedom movement since my arrival, in varying ways. Some people have highly technical skills ranging from network systems to design to cybersecurity. Others, like myself, have little to offer in the realms of functionality and we do what we can to breathe life into the systems built to provide digital freedom of speech for all. It's a humbling experience. We are reminded. sometimes directly and sometimes indirectly, that none of Nostr would matter if there were no one using it. We know this to be true, but it is no less humbling to be surrounded by constant innovation and a thriving desire to bring this experience to the entire world.
Now here I sit, tapping out these words, in the midst of another massive life change, stressful but chosen. I could sign off, go read a book in the garden, and go about my world as I would have in my pre-Nostr times. I don't want to do that, though. Hope is here. If there is a place to dwell, in hope is where I will always choose.
I find it important to acknowledge, though, that Nostr and the people using it are in a constant state of flux, too. This isn't my rock nor harbor nor shelter. It's the chaotic good, reminding me both to keep an appreciation for how far this ecosystem has come in such a short amount of time and a realistic set of expectations for where this all can go. The same applies for how well things work at any given moment...And equally so in missing my some of my early Nostr friends that have come and gone, while remaining open to the possibility of meeting new ones... Experiences had and experiences yet to come. I don't know if I have ever been so coaxed outside of my mind by a group of strangers on the internet. But here I am, looking back and looking forward, surrounded by awe in all directions, sharing thoughts that would otherwise be scribbled in pen to be burned in a random evening fire. I've long felt that the core of social media should be just this. Spaces for people to connect, above all else, in the ways that create meaning in our lives. I suppose in some ways that did exist before, but it was twisted, and obscured, and slowly pulled away.
Now its here and super-charged by possibility. What this looks like for any individual will not be the same as my own view. That's part of what makes this so beautiful to me. We need to be able to speak freely. Just as importantly we need to be able to surround ourselves with the things and people that makes us want to do more, that make us want to feel humbled. Or not, if we so choose... but I choose hope.
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 22:33:46Originalni tekst na dvadesetjedan.com
Autor: Vijay Boyapati / Prevod na hrvatski: Matija
Sa zadnjim cijenama koje je bitcoin dosegao 2017., optimističan scenarij za ulagače se možda čini toliko očitim da ga nije potrebno niti spominjati. Alternativno, možda se nekome čini glupo ulagati u digitalnu vrijednost koja ne počiva na nijednom fizičkom dobru ili vladi i čiji porast cijene su neki usporedili sa manijom tulipana ili dot-com balonom. Nijedno nije točno; optimističan scenarij za Bitcoin je uvjerljiv, ali ne i očit. Postoje značajni rizici kod ulaganja u Bitcoin, no, kao što planiram pokazati, postoji i ogromna prilika.
Geneza
Nikad u povijesti svijeta nije bilo moguće napraviti transfer vrijednosti među fizički udaljenim ljudima bez posrednika, poput banke ili vlade. 2008. godine, anonimni Satoshi Nakamoto je objavio 8 stranica rješenja na dugo nerješivi računalski problem poznat kao “Problem Bizantskog Generala.” Njegovo rješenje i sustav koji je izgradio - Bitcoin - dozvolio je, prvi put ikad, da se vrijednost prenosi brzo i daleko, bez ikakvih posrednika ili povjerenja. Implikacije kreacije Bitcoina su toliko duboke, ekonomski i računalski, da bi Nakamoto trebao biti prva osoba nominirana za Nobelovu nagradu za ekonomiju i Turingovu nagradu.
Za ulagače, važna činjenica izuma Bitcoina (mreže i protokola) je stvaranje novog oskudnog digitalnog dobra - bitcoina (monetarne jedinice). Bitcoini su prenosivi digitalni “novčići” (tokeni), proizvedeni na Bitcoin mreži kroz proces nazvan “rudarenje” (mining). Rudarenje Bitcoina je ugrubo usporedivo sa rudarenjem zlata, uz bitnu razliku da proizvodnja bitcoina prati unaprijed osmišljeni i predvidivi raspored. Samo 21 milijun bitcoina će ikad postojati, i većina (2017., kada je ovaj tekst napisan) su već izrudareni. Svake četiri godine, količina rudarenih bitcoina se prepolovi. Produkcija novih bitcoina će potpuno prestati 2140. godine.
Stopa inflacije —— Monetarna baza
Bitcoine ne podržava nikakva roba ili dobra, niti ih garantira ikakva vlada ili firma, što postavlja očito pitanje za svakog novog bitcoin ulagača: zašto imaju uopće ikakvu vrijednost? Za razliku od dionica, obveznica, nekretnina ili robe poput nafte i žita, bitcoine nije moguće vrednovati koristeći standardne ekonomske analize ili korisnost u proizvodnji drugih dobara. Bitcoini pripadaju sasvim drugoj kategoriji dobara - monetarnih dobara, čija se vrijednost definira kroz tzv. teoriju igara; svaki sudionik na tržištu vrednuje neko dobro, onoliko koliko procjenjuje da će ga drugi sudionici vrednovati. Kako bismo bolje razumjeli ovo svojstvo monetarnih dobara, trebamo istražiti podrijetlo novca.
Podrijetlo novca
U prvim ljudskim društvima, trgovina među grupama se vršila kroz robnu razmjenu. Velika neefikasnost prisutna u robnoj razmjeni je drastično ograničavala količinu i geografski prostor na kojem je bila moguća. Jedan od najvećih problema sa robnom razmjenom je problem dvostruke podudarnosti potražnje. Uzgajivač jabuka možda želi trgovati sa ribarom, ali ako ribar ne želi jabuke u istom trenutku, razmjena se neće dogoditi. Kroz vrijeme, ljudi su razvili želju za čuvanjem određenih predmeta zbog njihove rijetkosti i simbolične vrijednosti (npr. školjke, životinjski zube, kremen). Zaista, kako i Nick Szabo govori u svojem izvrsnom eseju o podrijetlu novca, ljudska želja za sakupljanjem predmeta pružila je izraženu evolucijsku prednost ranom čovjeku nad njegovim najbližim biološkim rivalom, neandertalcem - Homo neanderthalensis.
"Primarna i najbitnija evolucijska funkcija sakupljanja bila je osigurati medij za čuvanje i prenošenje vrijednosti".
Predmeti koje su ljudi sakupljali služili su kao svojevrsni “proto-novac,” tako što su omogućavale trgovinu među antagonističkim plemenima i dozvoljavale bogatsvu da se prenosi na sljedeću generaciju. Trgovina i transfer takvih predmeta bile su rijetke u paleolitskim društvima, te su oni služili više kao “spremište vrijednosti” (store of value) nego kao “medij razmjene” (medium of exchange), što je uloga koju danas igra moderni novac. Szabo objašnjava:
"U usporedbi sa modernim novcem, primitivan novac je imao jako malo “brzinu” - mogao je promijeniti ruke samo nekoliko puta u životu prosječnog čovjeka. Svejedno, trajni i čvrsti sakupljački predmet, što bismo danas nazvali “nasljeđe,” mogao je opstati mnogo generacija, dodajući znatnu vrijednost pri svakom transferu - i zapravo omogućiti transfer uopće".
Rani čovjek suočio se sa bitnom dilemom u teoriji igara, kada je odlučivao koje predmete sakupljati: koje od njih će drugi ljudi željeti? Onaj koji bi to točno predvidio imao bi ogromnu prednost u mogućnosti trgovine i akvizicije bogatsva. Neka američka indijanska plemena, npr. Naraganseti, specijalizirala su se u proizvodnji sakupljačkih dobara koja nisu imala drugu svrhu osim trgovine. Valja spomenuti da što je ranije predviđanje da će neko dobro imati takvu vrijednost, veća je prednost koju će imati onaj koji je posjeduje, zato što ju je moguće nabaviti jeftinije, prije nego postane vrlo tražena roba i njezona vrijednost naraste zajedno sa populacijom. Nadalje, nabava nekog dobra u nadi da će u budućnosti biti korišteno kao spremište vrijednosti, ubrzava upravo tu primjenu. Ova cirkularnost je zapravo povratna veza (feedback loop) koja potiče društva da se rapidno slože oko jednog spremišta vrijednosti. U terminima teorije igara, ovo je znano kao “Nashov ekvilibrij.” Postizanje Nashovog ekvilibrija za neko spremište vrijednosti je veliko postignuće za društvo, pošto ono znatno olakšava trgovinu i podjelu rada, i time omogućava napredak civilizacije.
Tisućljećima, kako su ljudska društva rasla i otvarala trgovinske puteve, različite aplikacije spremišta vrijednosti u individualnim društvima počele su se natjecati međusobno. Trgovci su imali izbor: čuvati svoju zaradu u spremištu vrijednosti vlastite kulture, ili one kulture sa kojom su trgovali, ili mješavini oboje. Benefit štednje u stranom spremištu vrijednosti bila je uvećana sposobnost trgovanja u povezanom stranom društvu. Trgovci koji su štedili u stranom spremištu vrijednosti su također imali dobrih razloga da potiču svoje društvo da ga prihvati, jer bi tako uvećali vrijednost vlastite ušteđevine. Prednosti “uvezene” tehnologije spremanja vrijednosti bile su prisutne ne samo za trgovce, nego i za sama društva. Kada bi se dvije grupe konvergirale u jedinstvenom spremištu vrijednosti, to bi značajno smanjilo cijenu troškova trgovine jednog s drugim, i samim time povećanje bogatstva kroz trgovinu. I zaista, 19. stoljeće bilo je prvi put da je najveći dio svijeta prihvatio jedinstveno spremište vrijednosti - zlato - i u tom periodu vidio najveću eksploziju trgovine u povijesti svijeta. O ovom mirnom periodu, pisao je John Maynard Keynes:
"Kakva nevjerojatna epizoda u ekonomskom napretku čovjeka… za svakog čovjeka iole iznadprosječnog, iz srednje ili više klase, život je nudio obilje, ugodu i mogućnosti, po niskoj cijeni i bez puno problema, više nego monarsima iz prethodnih perioda. Stanovnik Londona mogao je, ispijajući jutarnji čaj iz kreveta, telefonski naručiti razne proizvode iz cijele Zemlje, u količinama koje je želio, i sa dobrim razlogom očekivati njihovu dostavu na svoj kućni prag."
Svojstva dobrog spremišta vrijednosti
Kada se spremišta vrijednosti natječu jedno s drugim, specifična svojstva rade razliku koja daje jednom prednost nad drugim. Premda su mnoga dobra u prošlosti korištena kao spremišta vrijednosti ili kao “proto-novac,” određena svojstva su se pokazala kao posebno važna, i omogućila dobrima sa njima da pobijede. Idealno spremište vrijednosti biti će:
- Trajno: dobro ne smije biti kvarljivo ili lako uništeno. Tako naprimjer, žito nije idealno spremište vrijednosti.
- Prenosivo: dobro mora biti lako transportirati i čuvati, što omogućuje osiguranje protiv gubitka ili krađe i dopušta trgovinu na velike udaljenosti. Tako, krava je lošije spremište vrijednosti od zlatne narukvice.
- Zamjenjivo: jedna jedinica dobra treba biti zamjenjiva sa drugom. Bez zamjenjivosti, problem podudarnosti želja ostaje nerješiv. Time, zlato je bolje od dijamanata, jer su oni nepravilni u obliku i kvaliteti.
- Provjerljivo: dobro mora biti lako i brzo identificirano i testirano za autentičnost. Laka provjera povećava povjerenje u trgovini i vjerojatnost da će razmjena biti dovršena.
- Djeljivo: dobro mora biti lako djeljivo na manje dijelove. Premda je ovo svojstvo bilo manje važno u ranim društvima gdje je trgovina bila rijetka, postalo je važnije sa procvatom trgovine. Količine koje su se mijenjale postale su manje i preciznije.
- Oskudno: Monetarno dobro mora imati “cijenu nemoguću za lažirati,” kao što je rekao Nick Szabo. Drugim riječima, dobro ne smije biti obilno ili lako dostupno kroz proizvodnju. Oskudnost je možda i najvažnije svojstvo spremišta vrijednosti, pošto se izravno vezuje na ljudsku želju da sakupljamo ono što je rijetko. Ona je izvor vrijednosti u spremištu vrijednosti.
- Duge povijesti: što je dulje neko dobro vrijedno za društvo, veća je vjerojatnost da će biti prihvaćeno kao spremište vrijednosti. Dugo postojeće spremište vrijednosti biti će jako teško uklonjeno od strane došljaka, osim u slučaju sile (ratno osvajanje) ili ako je nova tehnologija znatno bolja u ostalim svojstvima.
- Otporno na cenzuru: novije svojstvo, sve više važno u modernom digitalnom svijetu sa sveprisutnim nadzorom, je otpornost na cenzuru. Drugim riječima, koliko je teško da vanjski agent, kao korporacija ili država, spriječi vlasnika dobra da ga čuva i koristi. Dobra koja su otporna na cenzuru su idealna za ljude koji žive u režimima koji prisilno nadziru kapital ili čine neke oblike mirne trgovine protuzakonitima.
Ova tablica ocjenjuje Bitcoin, zlato (gold) i fiat novac (kao što je euro ili dolar) po svojstvima izlistanim gore. Objašnjenje svake ocjene slijedi nakon tablice.
Trajnost:
Zlato je neosporeni kralj trajnosti. Velika većina zlata pronađenog kroz povijest, uključujući ono egipatskih faraona, opstaje i danas i vjerojatno će postojati i za tisuću godina. Zlatnici korišteni u antičko doba imaju značajnu vrijednost i danas. Fiat valute i bitcoini su digitalni zapisi koji ponekad imaju fizički oblik (npr. novčanice). Dakle, njihovu trajnost ne određuju njihova fizička svojstva (moguće je zamijeniti staru i oštećenu novčanicu za novu), nego institucije koje stoje iza njih. U slučaju fiat valuta, mnoge države su nastale i nestale kroz stoljeća, i valute su nestale s njima. Marke iz Weimarske republike danas nemaju vrijednost zato što institucija koja ih je izdavala više ne postoji. Ako je povijest ikakav pokazatelj, ne bi bilo mudro smatrati fiat valute trajnima dugoročno; američki dolar i britanska funta su relativne anomalije u ovom pogledu. Bitcoini, zato što nemaju instituciju koja ih održava, mogu se smatrati trajnima dok god mreža koja ih osigurava postoji. Obzirom da je Bitcoin još uvijek mlada valuta, prerano je za čvrste zaključke o njegovoj trajnosti. No, postoje ohrabrujući znakovi - prominente države su ga pokušavale regulirati, hakeri ga napadali - usprkos tome, mreža nastavlja funkcionirati, pokazujući visok stupanj antifragilnosti.
Prenosivost:
Bitcoini su najprenosivije spremište vrijednosti ikad. Privatni ključevi koji predstavljaju stotine milijuna dolara mogu se spremiti na USB drive i lako ponijeti bilo gdje. Nadalje, jednako velike sume mogu se poslati na drugi kraj svijeta skoro instantno. Fiat valute, zbog svojeg temeljno digitalnog oblika, su također lako prenosive. Ali, regulacije i kontrola kapitala od strane države mogu ugroziti velike prijenose vrijednosti, ili ih usporiti danima. Gotovina se može koristiti kako bi se izbjegle kontrole kapitala, ali onda rastu rizik čuvanja i cijena transporta. Zlato, zbog svojeg fizičkog oblika i velike gustoće, je najmanje prenosivo. Nije čudo da većina zlatnika i poluga nikad ne napuste sefove. Kada se radi prijenos zlata između prodavača i kupca, uglavnom se prenosi samo ugovor o vlasništvu, ne samo fizičko zlato. Prijenos fizičkog zlata na velike udaljenosti je skupo, riskantno i sporo.
Zamjenjivost:
Zlato nam daje standard za zamjenjivost. Kada je rastopljeno, gram zlata je praktički nemoguće razlikovati od bilo kojeg drugog grama, i zlato je oduvijek bilo takvo. S druge strane, fiat valute, su zamjenjive samo onoliko koliko njihova institucija želi da budu. Iako je uglavnom slučaj da je novčanica zamjenjiva za drugu istog iznosa, postoje situacije u kojima su velike novčanice tretirane drukčije od malih. Naprimjer, vlada Indije je, u pokušaju da uništi neoporezivo sivo tržište, potpuno oduzela vrijednost novčanicama od 500 i 1000 rupija. To je uzrokovalo da ljudi manje vrednuju te novčanice u trgovini, što je značilo da više nisu bile zaista zamjenjive za manje novčanice. Bitcoini su zamjenjivi na razini mreže; svaki bitcoin je pri prijenosu tretiran kao svaki drugi. No, zato što je moguće pratiti individualne bitcoine na blockchainu, određeni bitcoin može, u teoriji, postati “prljav” zbog korštenja u ilegalnoj trgovini, te ga trgovci ili mjenjačnice možda neće htjeti prihvatiti. Bez dodatnih poboljšanja oko privatnosti i anonimnosti na razini mrežnog protokola, bitcoine ne možemo smatrati jednako zamjenjivim kao zlato.
Mogućnost provjere:
Praktično gledajući, autentičnost fiat valuta i zlata je prilično lako provjeriti. Svejedno, i usprkos pokušajima da spriječe krivotvorenje novčanica, i dalje postoji potencijal prevare za vlade i njihove građane. Zlato također nije imuno na krivotvorenje. Sofisticirani kriminalci su koristili pozlaćeni tungsten kako bi prevarili kupce zlata. Bitcoine je moguće provjeriti sa matematičkom sigurnošću. Korištenjem kriptografskih potpisa, vlasnik bitcoina može javno demonstrirati da posjeduje bitcoine koje tvrdi da posjeduje.
Djeljivost:
Bitcoine je moguće podijeliti u stotinu milijuna manjih jedinica (zvanih satoshi), i prenositi takve (no, valja uzeti u obzir ekonomičnost prijenosa malih iznosa, zbog cijene osiguravanja mreže - “network fee”). Fiat valute su tipično dovoljno djeljive na jedinice sa vrlo niskom kupovnom moći. Zlato, iako fizički i teoretski djeljivo, postaje teško za korištenje kada se podijeli na dovoljno male količine da bi se moglo koristiti u svakodnevnoj trgovini.
Oskudnost:
Svojstvo koje najjasnije razlikuje Bitcoin od fiat valuta i zlata je njegova unaprijed definirana oskudnost. Od početka, konačna količina bitcoina nikad neće biti veća od 21 milijun. To daje vlasnicima bitcoina jasan i znan uvid u postotak ukupnog vlasništva. Naprimjer, vlasnik 10 bitcoina bi znao da najviše 2,1 milijuna ljudi (manje od 0.03% populacije) može ikad imati isto bitcoina kao i on. Premda je kroz povijest uvijek bilo oskudno, zlato nije imuno na povećanje ukupne količine. Ako se ikad izumi nova, ekonomičnija metoda rudarenja ili proizvodnje zlata, ukupna količina zlata bi se mogla dramatično povećati (npr. rudarenje morskog dna ili asteroida). Na kraju, fiat valute, relativno nov izum u povijesti, pokazale su se sklonima konstantnim povećanjima u količini. Države su pokazale stalnu sklonost inflaciji monetarne kvantitete kako bi rješavale kratkoročne političke probleme. Inflacijske tendencije vlada diljem svijeta čine fiat valute gotovo sigurnim da će gubiti vrijednost kroz vrijeme.
Etablirana povijest:
Nijedno monetarno dobro nema povijest kao zlato, koje je imalo vrijednost za cijelog trajanja ljudske civilizacije. Kovanice izrađene u antičko doba i danas imaju značajnu vrijednost. Ne može se isto reći za fiat valute, koje su same relativno nova povijesna anomalija. Od njihovog početka, fiat valute su imale gotovo univerzalni smjer prema bezvrijednosti. Korištenje inflacije kao podmuklog načina za nevidljivo oporezivanje građana je vječita kušnja kojoj se skoro nijedna država u povijesti nije mogla oduprijeti. Ako je 20. stoljeće, u kojem je fiat novac dominirao globalni monetarni poredak, demonstriralo neku ekonomsku istinu, to je onda bila ta da ne možemo računati na fiat novac da održi vrijednost u dužem ili srednjem vremenskom periodu. Bitcoin, usprkos svojoj novosti, je preživio dovoljno testova tržišta da postoji velika vjerojatnost da neće nestati kao vrijedno dobro. Nadalje, Lindy efekt govori da što duže Bitcoin bude korišten, to će veća biti vjera u njega i njegovu sposobnost da nastavi postojati dugo u budućnost. Drugim riječima, društvena vjera u monetarno dobro je asimptotička, kao u grafu ispod:
Ako Bitcoin preživi prvih 20 godina, imat će gotovo sveopće povjerenje da će trajati zauvijek, kao što ljudi vjeruju da je internet trajna stvar u modernom svijetu.
Otpor na cenzuru
Jedan od najbitnijih izvora za ranu potražnju bitcoina bila je njegova upotreba u ilegalnoj kupovini i prodaji droge. Mnogi su zato pogrešno zaključili da je primarna potražnja za bitcoinima utemeljena u njihovoj prividnoj anonimnosti. Međutim, Bitcoin nije anonimna valuta; svaka transakcija na mreži je zauvijek zapisana na javnom blockchainu. Povijesni zapis transakcija dozvoljava forenzičkoj analizi da identificira izvore i tijek sredstava. Takva analiza dovela je do uhićenja počinitelja zloglasne MtGox pljačke. Premda je istina da dovoljno oprezna i pedantna osoba može sakriti svoj identitet koristeći Bitcoin, to nije razlog zašto je Bitcoin bio toliko popularan u trgovini drogom.
Ključno svojstvo koje čini Bitcoin najboljim za takve aktivnosti je njegova agnostičnost i nepotrebnost za dozvolom (“premissionlessness”) na mrežnoj razini. Kada se bitcoini prenose na Bitcoin mreži, ne postoji nitko tko dopušta transakcije. Bitcoin je distribuirana peer-to-peer (korisnik-korisniku) mreža, i samim time dizajnirana da bude otporna na cenzuru. Ovo je u velikom kontrastu sa fiat bankarskim sustavom, u kojem države reguliraju banke i ostale institucije prijenosa novca, kako bi one prijavljivale i sprječavale protuzakonito korištenje monetarnih dobara. Klasičan primjer regulacije novca su kontrole kapitala. Npr., bogati milijunaš će vrlo teško prenijeti svoje bogatstvo u novu zemlju, kada bježi iz opresivnog režima. Premda zlato nije izdano i proizvedeno od države, njegova fizička priroda ga čini teško prenosivim kroz prostor, i samim time ga je daleko lakše regulirati nego Bitcoin. Indijski Akt kontrole zlata je primjer takve regulacije.
Bitcoin je odličan u većini gore navedenih svojstava, što mu omogućava da bude marginalno bolji od modernih i drevnih monetarnih dobara, te da pruži poticaje za svoje rastuće društveno usvajanje. Specifično, moćna kombinacija otpornosti na cenzuru i apsolutne oskudnosti bila je velika motivacija za bogate ulagače koji su uložili dio svojeg bogatstva u Bitcoin.
Evolucija novca
U modernoj monetarnoj ekonomiji postoji opsesija sa ulogom novca kao medija razmjene. U 20. stoljeću, države su monopolizirale izdavanje i kontrolu novca i kontinuirano potkopavale njegovo svojstvo spremišta vrijednosti, stvarajući lažno uvjerenje da je primarna svrha novca biti medij razmjene. Mnogi su kritizirali Bitcoin, govoreći da je neprikladan da bude novac zato što mu je cijena bila previše volatilna za medij razmjene. No, novac je uvijek evoluirao kroz etape; uloga spremišta vrijednosti je dolazila prije medija razmjene. Jedan od očeva marginalističke ekonomije, William Stanley Jevons, objašnjava:
"Povijesno govoreći… čini se da je zlato prvo služilo kao luksuzni metal za ukras; drugo, kao sačuvana vrijednost; treće, kao medij razmjene; i konačno, kao mjerilo vrijednosti."
U modernoj terminologiji, novac uvijek evoluira kroz četiri stadija:
- Kolekcionarstvo: U prvoj fazi svoje evolucije, novac je tražen samo zbog svojih posebnih svojstava, uglavnom zbog želja onog koji ga posjeduje. Školjke, perlice i zlato su bili sakupljani prije nego su poprimili poznatije uloge novca.
- Spremište vrijednosti: Jednom kada je novac tražen od dovoljnog broja ljudi, biti će prepoznat kao način za čuvanje i spremanje vrijednosti kroz vrijeme. Kada neko dobro postane široko korišteno kao spremište vrijednosti, njegova kupovna moć raste sa povećanom potražnjom za tu svrhu. Kupovna moć spremišta vrijednosti će u jednom trenutku doći do vrhunca, kada je dovolno rašireno i broj novih ljudi koji ga potražuju splasne.
- Sredstvo razmjene: Kada je novac potpuno etabliran kao spremište vrijednosti, njegova kupovna moć se stabilizira. Nakon toga, postane prikladno sredstvo razmjene zbog stabilnosti svoje cijene. U najranijim danima Bitcoina, mnogi ljudi nisu shvaćali koju buduću cijenu plaćaju koristeći bitcoine kao sredstvo razmjene, umjesto kao novonastalo spremište vrijednosti. Poznata priča o čovjeku koji je za 10,000 bitcoina (vrijednih oko 94 milijuna dolara kada je ovaj članak napisan) za dvije pizze ilustrira ovaj problem.
- Jedinica računanja vrijednosti: Jednom kada je novac široko korišten kao sredstvo razmjene, dobra će biti vrednovana u njemu, tj. većina cijena će biti izražena u njemu. Uobičajena zabluda je da je većinu dobara moguće zamijeniti za bitcoine danas. Npr., premda je možda moguće kupiti šalicu kave za bitcoine, izlistana cijena nije prava bitcoin cijena; zapravo se radi o cijeni u državnoj valuti koju želi trgovac, preračunatu u bitcoin po trenutnoj tržišnoj cijeni. Kad bi cijena bitcoina pala u odnosu na valutu, vrijednost šalice izražena u bitcoinima bi se povećala. Od trenutka kada trgovci budu voljni prihvaćani bitcoine kao platežno sredstvo, bez obraćanja pažnje na vrijednost bitcoina u državnoj fiat valuti, moći ćemo reći da je Bitcoin zaista postao jedinica računanja vrijednosti.
Monetarna dobra koja još nisu jedinice računanja vrijednosti možemo smatrati “djelomično monetiziranima.” Danas zlato ima takvu ulogu, jer je spremište vrijednosti, ali su mu uloge sredstva razmjene i računanja vrijednosti oduzete intervencijama država. Moguće je također da se jedno dobro koristi kao sredstvo razmjene, dok druga ispunjavaju ostale uloge. To je tipično u zemljama gdje je država disfunkcionalna, npr. Argentina ili Zimbabwe. U svojoj knjizi, Digitalno zlato, Nathaniel Popper piše:
"U Americi, dolar služi trima funkcijama novca: nudi sredstvo razmjene, jedinicu za mjerenje vrijednosti dobara, i mjesto gdje se može čuvati vrijednosti. S druge strane, argentinski peso je korišten kao sredstvo razmjene (za svakodnevne potrebe), ali ga nitko nije koristio kao spremište vrijednosti. Štednja u pesosima bila je ekvivalent bacanja novca. Zato su ljudi svu svoju štednju imali u dolarima, jer je dolar bolje čuvao vrijednost. Zbog volatilnosti pesosa, ljudi su računali cijene u dolarima, što im je pružalo pouzdaniju jedinicu mjerenja kroz vrijeme."
Bitcoin je trenutno u fazi tranzicije iz prvog stadija monetizacije u drugi. Vjerojatno će proći nekoliko godina prije nego Bitcoin pređe iz začetaka spremišta vrijednosti u istinski medij razmjene, i put do tog trenutka je još uvijek pun rizika i nesigurnosti. Važno je napomenuti da je ista tranzicija trajala mnogo stoljeća za zlato. Nitko danas živ nije doživio monetizaciju dobra u realnom vremenu (kroz koju Bitcoin prolazi), tako da nemamo puno iskustva govoriti o putu i načinu na koji će se monetizacija dogoditi.
Put monetizacije
Kroz proces monetizacije, monetarno dobro će naglo porasti u kupovnoj moći. Mnogi su tako komentirali da je uvećanje kupovne moći Bitcoina izgledalo kao “balon” (bubble). Premda je ovaj termin često korišten kako bi ukazao na pretjeranu vrijednosti Bitcoina, sasvim slučajno je prikladan. Svojstvo koje je uobičajeno za sva monetarna dobra jest da je njihova kupovna moć viša nego što se može opravdati samo kroz njihovu uporabnu vrijednost. Zaista, mnogi povijesni novci nisu imali uporabnu vrijednost. Razliku između kupovne moći i vrijednosti razmjene koju bi novac mogao imati za svoju inherentnu korisnost, možemo razmatrati kao “monetarnu premiju.” Kako monetarno dobro prolazi kroz stadije monetizacije (navedene gore), monetarna premija raste. No, ta premija ne raste u ravnoj i predvidivoj liniji. Dobro X, koje je bilo u procesu monetizacije, može izgubiti u usporedbi sa dobrom Y koje ima više svojstava novca, te monetarna premija dobra X drastično padne ili potpuno nestane. Monetarna premija srebra je skoro potpuno nestala u kasnom 19. stoljeću, kada su ga vlade diljem svijeta zamijenile zlatom kao novcem.
Čak i u odsustvu vanjskih faktora, kao što su intervencije vlade ili druga monetarna dobra, monetarna premija novog novca neće ići predvidivim putem. Ekonomist Larry White primijetio je:
"problem sa pričom “balona,” naravno, je da je ona konzistentna sa svakim putem cijene, i time ne daje ikakvo objašnjenje za specifičan put cijene"
Proces monetizacije opisuje teorija igara; svaki akter na tržištu pokušava predvidjeti agregiranu potražnju ostalih aktera, i time buduću monetarnu premiju. Zato što je monetarna premija nevezana za inherentnu korisnost, tržišni akteri se uglavnom vode za prošlim cijenama da bi odredili je li neko dobro jeftino ili skupo, i žele li ga kupiti ili prodati. Veza trenutne potražnje sa prošlim cijenama naziva se “ovisnost o putu” (path dependence); ona je možda najveći izvor konfuzije u shvaćanju kretanja cijena monetarnih dobara.
Kada kupovna moć monetarnog dobra naraste zbog većeg i šireg korištenja, očekivanja tržišta o definicijama “jeftinog” i “skupog” se mijenjaju u skladu s time. Slično tome, kada cijena monetarnog dobra padne, očekivanja tržišta mogu se promijeniti u opće vjerovanje da su prethodne cijene bile “iracionalne” ili prenapuhane. Ovisnost o putu novca ilustrirana je riječima poznatog upravitelja fondova s Wall Streeta, Josha Browna:
"Kupio sam bitcoine kada su koštali $2300, i to mi se udvostručilo gotovo odmah. Onda sam počeo govoriti kako “ne mogu kupiti još” dok im je cijena rasla, premda sam znao da je to razmišljanje bazirano samo na cijenu po kojoj sam ih kupio. Kasnije, kada je cijena pala zbog kineske regulacije mjenjačnica, počeo sam si govoriti, “Odlično, nadam se da će još pasti da mogu kupiti još.”"
Istina leži u tome da su ideje “jeftinog” i “skupog” zapravo besmislene kada govorimo o monetarnim dobrima. Cijena monetarnog dobra ne reflektira njegovu stopu rasprostanjenosti ili korisnosti, nego mjeru koliko je ono široko prihvaćeno da ispuni razne uloge novca.
Dodatna komplikacija u ovom aspektu novca je činjenica da tržišni akteri ne djeluju samo kao nepristrani promatrači koji pokušavaju kupiti i prodati u iščekivanju budućih kretanja monetarne premije, nego i kao aktivni proponenti. Pošto ne postoji objektivno “točna” monetarna premija, širiti dobar glas o superiornijim svojstvima nekog monetarnog dobra je efektivnije nego za obična dobra, čija vrijednost je u konačnici vezana na njegovu osnovnu korisnost. Religiozni zanos sudionika na Bitcoin tržištu vidljiv je na raznim internetskim forumima, gdje Bitcoineri aktivno promoviraju benefine Bitcoina i bogatstvo koje je moguće ostvariti investiranjem u njega. Promatrajući Bitcoin tržište, Leigh Drogen komentira:
"To je prepoznatljivo svima kao religija - priča koju si pričamo i oko koje se slažemo. Religija je krivulja na grafu prihvaćanja o kojoj trebamo razmišljati. Sustav je gotovo savršen - onog trenutka kada netko pristupi krugu Bitcoinera, to će reći svima i nastaviti širiti riječ. Onda njihovi prijatelji pristupe i nastave širiti riječ."
Premda usporedba sa religijom može staviti Bitcoin u iracionalno svjetlo, potpuno je racionalno za individualnog vlasnika da širi dobru vijest o superiornom monetarnom dobru, i za šire društvo da se standardizira oko njega. Novac djeluje kao temelj za svu trgovinu i štednju; tako da prihvaćanje superiornog oblika novca ima ogromne multiplicirajuće benefite za stvaranje bogatstva za sve članove društva.
Oblik monetizacije
U članku o Spekulativnom prihvaćanju Bitcoina / teorije cijene, Michael Casey postulira da rastući Gartner hype ciklusi predstavljaju faze standardne S-krivulje prihvaćanja novih tehnologija, koje su bile prisutne kod mnogih transformacijskih tehnologija dok su postajale uobičajene u društvu.
Svaki Gartner hype ciklus počinje sa eksplozijom entuzijazma za novom tehnologijom, a cijenu podižu oni sudionici na tržištvu koji su “dostupni” u toj fazi. Najraniji kupci u Gartner hype ciklusu obično imaju jaku vjeru o transformacijskoj prirodi tehnologije u koju ulažu. S vremenom, tržište dosegne vrhunac entuzijazma kako se količina novih kupaca iscrpljuje, te kupovinom počnu dominirati spekulatori koji su više zainteresirani u brze profite nego u samu tehnologiju.
Nakon vrha hype ciklusa, cijene rapidno padaju dok spekulativno ludilo ustupa mjesto očajavanju, javnoj poruzi i osjećaju da tehnologija nije uopće bila transformacijska. S vremenom, cijena dosegne dno i formira plato na kojem se originalnim ulagačima, koji su imali snažno uvjerenje, pridružuju nove grupe ljudi koji su izdržali bol kraha cijena i koji cijene važnost same tehnologije.
Plato traje neko vrijeme i formira, kako Casey kaže, “stabilnu, dosadnu dolinu.” Za ovo vrijeme, javni interes za tehnologiju opada, no nastaviti će se razvijati i snažna zajednica uvjerenja će polako rasti. Tada, postavlja se nova baza za sljedeću iteraciju hype ciklusa, dok vanjski promatrači prepoznaju da tehnologija i dalje postoji i da ulaganje u nju možda nije onoliko rizično kao što se činilo za vrijeme pada cijene. Sljedeća iteracija hype ciklusa donosi mnogo veći broj novih ljudi, pa je i ciklus daleko veći u svojoj magnitudi.
Jako mali broj ljudi koji sudjeluju u Gartner hype ciklusu će točno predvidjeti koliko će visoko cijena porasti za vrijeme ciklusa. Cijene često dosegnu razine koje bi se činile apsurdnima većini ulagača u raniji stadijima ciklusa. Kada ciklus završi, mediji tipično atribuiraju pad cijene nekoj od aktualnih drušvenih tema. Premda takva tema može biti okidač pada, ona nikad nije temeljni razlog zašto ciklus završava. Gartner hype ciklusi završavaju kada je količina dostupnih novih sudionika na tržištu iscrpljena.
Zanimljivo je da je i zlato nacrtalo klasičan graf Gartner hype ciklusa od kasnih 1970-ih do ranih 2000-ih. Moguće je spekulirati da je hype ciklus osnovna socijalna dinamika oko procesa monetizacije.
Gartner kohorte
Od početka trgovanja Bitcoina na mjenjačnicama 2010. godine, Bitcoin tržište je svjedočilo četirima velikim Gartner hype ciklusima. U retrospektivi, možemo vrlo precizno identificirati grupe cijena prethodnih hype ciklusa Bitcoin tržišta. Također, možemo kvalitativno odrediti kohorte ulagača koje su povezane sa svakom iteracijom prethodnih ciklusa.
$ 0–$ 1 (2009. – 3. mjesec 2011.): Prvi hype ciklus u Bitcoin tržištu dominirali su kriptografi, računalni znanstvenici i cypherpunkovi koji su od početka bili spremni razumijeti važnost nevjerojatnog izuma Satoshija Nakamotoa, i koji su bili pioniri u potvrđivanju da Bitcoin protokol nema tehničkih mana.
$ 1–$ 30 (3. mjesec 2011. – 7. mjesec. 2011.): Drugi ciklus privukao je rane entuzijaste oko novih tehnologija kao i stabilan pritok ideološki motiviranih ulagača koji su bili oduševljeni idejom novca odvojenog od države. Libertarijanci poput Rogera Vera došli su u Bitcoin zbog aktivnog anti-institucionalnog stava, i mogućnosti koju je nova tehnologija obećavala. Wences Casares, briljantni i dobro povezani serijski poduzetnik, bio je također dio drugog Bitcoin hype ciklusa te je širio riječ o Bitcoinu među najprominentnijim tehnolozima i ulagačima u Silicijskoj Dolini.
$ 250–$ 1100 (4. mjesec 2013. – 12. mjesec 2013.): Treći hype ciklus doživio je ulazak ranih generalnih i institucionalnih ulagača koji su bili voljni uložiti trud i riskirati kroz užasno komplicirane kanale likvidnosti kako bi kupili bitcoine. Primaran izvor likvidnosti na tržištu za vrijeme ovog perioda bio je MtGox, mjenjačnica bazirana u Japanu, koju je vodio notorno nesposobni i beskrupulozni Mark Karpeles, koji je kasnije završio i u zatvoru zbog svoje uloge u kolapsu MtGoxa.
Valja primijetiti da je rast Bitcoinove cijene za vrijeme spomenuti hype ciklusa većinom povezano sa povećanjem likvidnosti i lakoćom sa kojom su ulagači mogli kupiti bitcoine. Za vrijeme prvog hype ciklusa, nisu postojale mjenjačnice; akvizicija bitcoina se odvijala primarno kroz rudarenje (mining) ili kroz izravnu razmjenu sa onima koju su već izrudarili bitcoine. Za vrijeme drugog hype ciklusa, pojavile su se rudimentarne mjenjačnice, no nabavljanje i osiguravanje bitcoina na ovim mjenjačnicama bilo je previše kompleksno za sve osim tehnološki najsposobnijih ulagača. Čak i za vrijeme trećeg hype ciklusa, ulagači koju su slali novac na MtGox kako bi kupili bitcoine su morali raditi kroz značajne prepreke. Banke nisu bile voljne imati posla sa mjenjačnicom, a oni posrednici koji su nudili usluge transfera bili su često nesposobni, kriminalni, ili oboje. Nadalje, mnogi koji su uspjeli poslati novac MtGoxu, u konačnici su morali prihvatiti gubitak svojih sredstava kada je mjenjačnica hakirana i kasnije zatvorena.
Tek nakon kolapsa MtGox mjenjačnice i dvogodišnje pauze u tržišnoj cijeni Bitcoina, razvili su se zreli i duboki izvori likvidnosti; primjeri poput reguliranih mjenjačnica kao što su GDAX i OTC brokeri kao Cumberland mining. Dok je četvrti hype ciklus započeo 2016. godine, bilo je relativno lako običnim ulagačima kupiti i osigurati bitcoine.
$ 1100 – $ 19600? (2014. –?):
U trenutku pisanja ovog teksta, tržište Bitcoina je prolazilo svoj četvrti veliki hype ciklus. Sudjelovanje u ovom hype ciklusu dominirala je ona skupina koju je Michael Casey opisao kao “rana većina” običnih i institucionalnih ulagača.
Kako su se izvori likvidnosti produbljivali i sazrijevali, veliki institucionalni ulagači sada imaju priliku sudjelovati kroz regulirana “futures” tržišta. Dostupnosti takvih tržišta stvara put ka kreaciji Bitcoin ETF-a (exchange traded fund) (fond na slobodnom tržištu), koji će onda pokrenuti “kasnu većinu” i “najsporije” u sljedećim hype ciklusima.
Premda je nemoguće predvidjeti točan efekt budućih hype ciklusa, razumno je očekivati da će najviša točka biti između $ 20.000 i $ 50.000 (2021. zenit je bio preko $ 69.000). Znatno više od ovog raspona, i Bitcoin bi imao znatan postotak ukupne vijednosti zlata (zlato i Bitcoin bi imali jednaku tržišnu kapitalizaciju kada bi bitcoini vrijedili oko $ 380.000 u trenutku pisanja ovog teksta). Značajan postotak vrijednosti zlata dolazi od potražnje centralnih banaka, te je malo vjerojatno da će centralne banke ili suverene države sudjelovati u trenutnom hype ciklusu.
Ulazak suverenih država u Bitcoin
Bitcoinov zadnji Gartner hype ciklus će započeti kada ga suverene države počnu akumulirati kao dio svojih rezervi stranih valuta. Tržišna kapitalizacija Bitcoina je trenutno premala da bismo ga smatrali značajnim dodatkom rezervama većini zemalja. No, kako se interes u privatnom sektoru povećava i kapitalizacija Bitcoina se približi trilijunu dolara, postat će dovoljno likvidan za većinu država. Prva država koja službeno doda bitcoine u svoje rezerve će vjerojatno potaknuti stampedo ostalih da učine isto. Države koje su među prvima u usvajanju Bitcoina imat će najviše benefita u svojim knjigama ako Bitcoin u konačnici postane globalna valuta (global reserve currency). Nažalost, vjerojatno će države sa najjačom izvršnom vlasti - diktature poput Sjeverne Koreje - biti najbrže u akumulaciji bitcoina. Neodobravanje prema takvim državama i slaba izvršna tijela zapadnjačkih demokracija uzrokovat će sporost i kašnjenje u akumulaciji bitcoina za njihove vlastite rezerve.
Velika je ironija u tome što je SAD trenutno jedna od regulatorno najotvorenijih nacija prema Bitcoinu, dok su Kina i Rusija najzatvorenije. SAD riskira najviše, geopolitički, ako bi Bitcoin zamijenio dolar kao svjetska rezervna valuta. U 1960-ima, Charles de Gaulle je kritizirao “pretjeranu privilegiju” (“exorbitant privilege”) koju su SAD imale u međunarodnom monetarnom poretku, postavljenom kroz Bretton Woods dogovor 1944. godine. Ruska i kineska vlada još ne shvaćaju geo-strateške benefite Bitcoina kao rezervne valute, te se trenutno brinu o efektima koje bi mogao imati na njihova unutarnja tržišta. Kao de Gaulle u 1960-ima, koji je prijetio SAD-u povratkom na klasični standard zlata, Kinezi i Rusi će s vremenom uvidjeti korist u velikoj poziciji u Bitcoinu - spremištu vrijednosti bez pokrića ijedne vlade. Sa najvećom koncentracijom rudara Bitcoina u Kini (2017.), kineska vlada već ima znatnu potencijalnu prednost u stavljanju bitcoina u svoje rezerve.
SAD se ponosi svojim statusom nacije inovatora, sa Silicijskom dolinom kao krunom svoje ekonomije. Dosad, Silicijska dolina je dominirala konverzacijom usmjerenom prema regulaciji, i poziciji koju bi ona treba zauzeti prema Bitcoinu. No, bankovna industrija i federalna rezerva SAD-a (US Federal Reserve, Fed) napokon počinju uviđati egzistencijalnu prijetnju koju Bitcoin predstavlja za američku monetarnu politiku, postankom globalne rezervne valute. Wall Street Journal, jedan od medijskih glasova federalne reserve, izdao je komentar o Bitcoinu kao prijetnji monetarnoj politici SAD-a:
"Postoji još jedna opasnost, možda i ozbiljnija iz perspektive centralnih banaka i regulatora: bitcoin možda ne propadne. Ako je spekulativni žar u kriptovalutu samo prvi pokazatelj njezinog šireg korištenja kao alternative dolaru, Bitcoin će svakako ugroziti monopol centralnih banaka nad novcem."
U narednim godinama, možemo očekivati veliku borbu između poduzetnika i inovatora u Silicijskoj dolini, koji će pokušavati čuvati Bitcoin od državne kontrole s jedne strane, i bankovne industrije i centralnih banaka koje će učiniti sve što mogu da bi regulirale Bitcoin kako bi spriječile znatne promjene u svojoj industriji i moći izdavanja novca, s druge.
Prijelaz na medij razmjene
Monetarno dobro ne može postati opće prihvaćen medij razmjene (standardna ekonomska definicija za “novac”) prije nego je vrednovano od širokog spektra ljudi; jednostavno, dobro koje nije vrednovano neće biti prihvaćeno u razmjeni. Kroz proces generalnog rasta vrijednosti, i time postanka spremišta vrijednosti, monetarno dobro će brzo narasti u kupovnoj moći, i time stvoriti cijenu za korištenje u razmjeni. Samo kada ta cijena rizika mijenjanja spremišta vrijednosti padne dovoljno nisko, može dobro postati opće prihvaćen medij razmjene.
Preciznije, monetarno dobro će biti prikladno kao medij razmjene samo kada je suma cijene rizika i transakcijske cijene u razmjeni manja nego u trgovini bez tog dobra.
U društvu koje vrši robnu razmjenu, prijelaz spremišta vrijednosti u medij razmjene može se dogoditi čak i onda kada monetarno dobro raste u kupovnoj moći, zato što su transakcijski troškovi robne razmjene iznimno visoki. U razvijenoj ekonomiji, u kojoj su troškovi razmjene niski, moguće je za mladu i rapidno rastućnu tehnologiju spremišta vrijednosti, poput Bitcoina, da se koristi kao medij razmjene, doduše na ograničen način. Jedan primjer je ilegalno tržište droge, gdje su kupci voljni žrtvovati oportunu cijenu čuvanja bitcoina kako bi umanjili znatan rizik kupovine droge koristeći fiat novac.
Postoje međutim velike institucionalne barijere da novonastalo spremište vrijednosti postane sveopće prihvaćen medij razmjene u razvijenom društvu. Države koriste oporezivanje kao moćnu metodu zaštite svojeg suverenog novca protiv rivalskih monetarnih dobara. Ne samo da suvereni novac ima prednost konstantnog izvora potražnje, zato što je porez moguće platiti jedino u njemu, nego su i rivalska monetarna dobra oporezana pri svakoj razmjeni za vrijeme rastuće cijene. Ova metoda oporezivanja stvara znatan otpor korištenju spremišta vrijednosti kao medija razmjene.
Ovakvo sabotiranje tržišnih monetarnih dobara nije nepremostiva barijera za njihovo prihvaćanje kao općeg medija razmjene. Ako ljudi izgube vjeru u suvereni novac, njegova vrijednost može rapidno propasti kroz proces zvan hiperinflacija. Kada suvereni novac prolazi kroz hiperinflaciju, njegova vrijednost propadne prvo u usporedbi sa najlikvidnijim dobrima u društvu, kao što je zlato ili stabilna strana valuta (američki dolar npr.), ako su ona dostupna. Kada nema likvidnih dobara ili ih ima premalo, novac u hiperinflaciji kolabira u usporedbi sa stvarnim dobrima, kao što su nekretnine ili upotrebljiva roba. Arhetipska slika hiperinflacije je trgovina sa praznim policama - potrošači brzo bježe iz propadajuće vrijednosti novca svoje nacije.
Nakon dovoljno vremena, kada je vjera potpuno uništena za vrijeme hiperinflacije, suvereni novac više nitko ne prihvaća, te se društvo može vratiti na robnu razmjenu, ili će doživjeti potpunu zamjenu monetarne jedinice za sredstvo razmjene. Primjer ovog procesa bila je zamjena zimbabveanskog dolara za američki dolar. Takva promjena suverenog novca za stranu valutu je dodatno otežana relativnom oskudnošću strane valute i odsustvom stranih bankarskih institucija koje pružaju likvidnost tržištu.
Sposobnost lakog prenošenja bitcoina preko granica i odsustvo potrebe za bankarskim sustavom čine Bitcoin idealnim monetarnim dobrom za one ljude koji pate pod hiperinflacijom. U nadolazećim godinama, kako fiat valute nastave svoj povijesni trend ka bezvrijednosti, Bitcoin će postati sve popularniji izbor za ušteđevine ljudi diljem svijeta. Kada je novac nacije napušten i zamijenjen Bitcoinom, Bitcoin će napraviti tranziciju iz spremišta vrijednosti u tom društvu u opće prihvaćeno sredstvo razmjene. Daniel Krawicz stvorio je termin “hiperbitcoinizacija” da bi opisao ovaj proces.
Učestala pogrešna shvaćanja
Većina ovog članka usredotočila se na monetarnu prirodu Bitcoina. Sa tim temeljima možemo adresirati neke od najčešćih nerazumijevanja u Bitcoinu.
Bitcoin je balon (bubble)
Bitcoin, kao sva tržišna monetarna dobra, posjeduje monetarnu premiju. Ona često rezultira uobičajenom kritikom da je Bitcoin samo “balon.” No, sva monetarna dobra imaju monetarnu premiju. Naprotiv, ta monetarna premija (cijena viša od one koju diktira potražnja za dobrom kao korisnim) je upravo karakteristična za sve oblike novca. Drugim riječima, novac je uvijek i svuda balon. Paradoksalno, monetarno dobro je istovremeno balon i ispod vrijednosti ukoliko je u ranijim stadijima općeg prihvaćanja kao novac.
Bitcoin je previše volatilan
Volatilnost cijene Bitcoina je funkcija njegovog nedavnog nastanka. U prvih nekoliko godina svojeg postojanja, Bitcoin se ponašao kao mala dionica, i svaki veliki kupac - kao npr. braća Winklevoss - mogao je uzrokovati veliki skok u njegovoj cijeni. No, kako su se prihvaćenost i likvidnost povećavali kroz godine, volatilnost Bitcoina je srazmjerno smanjila. Kada Bitcoin postigne tržišnu kapitalizaciju (vrijednost) zlata, imat će sličnu volatilnost kao i zlato. Kako Bitcoin nastavi rasti, njegova volatilnost će se smanjiti do razine koja ga čini prikladnim za široko korištenje kao medij razmjene. Kao što je prethodno rečeno, monetizacija Bitcoina se odvija u seriji Gartner hype ciklusa. Volatilnost je najniža za vrijeme vrhunaca i dolina unutar ciklusa. Svaki hype ciklus ima nižu volatilnost od prethodnih, zato što je likvidnost tržišta veća.
Cijene transakcija su previsoke
Novija kritika Bitcoin mreže je ta da ju je povećanje cijena prijenosa bitcoina učinilo neprikladnom za sustav plaćanja. No, rast u cijenama transakcija je zdrav i očekivan. One su nužne za plaćanje bitcoin minera (rudara), koji osiguravaju mrežu validacijom transakcija. Rudare se plaća kroz cijene transakcija ili kroz blok-nagrade, koje su inflacijska subvencija od trane trenutnih vlasnika bitcoina.
S obzirom na Bitcoinovu fiksnu proizvodnju (monetarna politika koja ga čini idealnim za spremanje vrijednosti), blok-nagrade će s vremenom nestati i mrežu će se u konačnici morati osiguravati kroz cijene transakcija. Mreža sa “niskim” cijenama transakcija je mreža sa slabom sigurnosti i osjetljiva na vanjsku intervenciju i cenzuru. Oni koji hvale niske cijene Bitcoinovih alternative zapravo niti ne znajući opisuju slabosti tih takozvanih “alt-coina.”
Površan temelj kritika Bitcoinovih “visokih” cijena transakcija je uvjerenje da bi Bitcoin trebao biti prvo sustav plaćanja, i drugo spremište vrijednosti. Kao što smo vidjeli kroz povijest novca, ovo uvjerenje je naopako. Samo onda kada Bitcoin postane duboko ukorijenjeno spremište novca može biti prikladan kao sredstvo razmjene. Nadalje, kada oportunitetni trošak razmjene bitcoina dođe na razinu koja ga čini prikladnim sredstvom razmjene, većina trgovine neće se odvijati na samoj Bitcoin mreži, nego na mrežama “drugog sloja” (second layer) koje će imati niže cijene transakcija. Takve mreže, poput Lightning mreže, služe kao moderna verzija zadužnica koje su korištene za prijenos vlasničkih papira zlata u 19. stoljeću. Banke su koristile zadužnice zato što je prijenos samog metala bio daleko skuplji. Za razliku od takvih zadužnica, Lightning mreža će omogućavati nisku cijenu prijenosa bitcoina bez potrebe za povjerenjem prema trećoj strani, poput banaka. Razvoj Lightning mreže je tehnološka inovacija od izuzetne važnosti u povijesti Bitcoina, i njezina vrijednost će postati očita u narednim godinama, kako je sve više ljudi bude razvijalo i koristilo.
Konkurencija
Pošto je Bitcoin softverski protokol otvorenog tipa (open-source), oduvijek je bilo moguće kopirati softver i imitirati mrežu. Kroz godine nastajali su mnogi imitatori, od identičnih kopija, kao Litecoin, do kompleksnijih varijanti kao što je Ethereum, koje obećavaju arbitrarno kompleksne ugovorne mehanizme koristeći decentralizirani računalni sustav. Česta kritika Bitcoinu od strane ulagača je ta da on ne može zadržati svoju vrijednost kada je vrlo lako stvoriti konkurente koji mogu lako i brzo u sebi imati najnovije inovacije i softverske funkcionalnosti.
Greška u ovom argumentu leži u manju takozvanog “mrežnog efekta” (network effect), koji postoji u prvoj i dominantnoj tehnologiji u nekom području. Mrežni efekt - velika vrijednost korištenja Bitcoina samo zato što je već dominantan - je važno svojstvo samo po sebi. Za svaku tehnologiju koja posjeduje mrežni efekt, to je daleko najvažnije svojstvo koje može imati.
Za Bitcoin, mrežni efekt uključuje likvidnost njegovog tržišta, broj ljudi koji ga posjeduju, i zajednicu programera koji održavaju i unaprjeđuju njegov softver i svjesnost u javnosti. Veliki ulagači, uključujući države, će uvijek prvo tražiti najlikvidnije tržište, kako bi mogli ući i izaći iz tržišta brzo, i bez utjecanja na cijenu. Programeri će se pridružiti dominantnoj programerskoj zajednici sa najboljim talentom, i time pojačati samu zajednicu. Svjesnost o brendu sama sebe pojačava, pošto se nadobudni konkurenti Bitcoina uvijek spominju u kontekstu Bitcoina kao takvog.
Raskrižje na putu (fork)
Trend koji je postao popularan 2017. godine nije bio samo imitacija Bitcoinovog softvera, nego kopiranje potpune povijesti njegovih prošlih transakcija (cijeli blockchain). Kopiranjem Bitcoinovog blockchaina do određene točke/bloka i odvajanjem sljedećih blokova ka novoj mreži, u procesu znanom kao “forking” (odvajanje), Bitcoinovi konkurenti su uspjeli riješiti problem distribuiranja svojeg tokena velikom broju korisnika.
Najznačajniji takav fork dogodio se 1. 8. 2017. godine, kada je nova mreža nazvana Bitcoin Cash (Bcash) stvorena. Vlasnik N količine bitcoina prije 1.8.2017. bi onda posjedovao N bitcoina i N BCash tokena. Mala, ali vrlo glasna zajednica Bcash proponenata je neumorno pokušavala prisvojiti Bitcoinov brend i ime, imenujući svoju novu mrežu Bitcoin Cast i pokušavajući uvjeriti nove pridošlice u Bitcoin da je Bcash “pravi” Bitcoin. Ti pokušaji su većinom propali, i taj neuspjeh se vidi u tržišnim kapitalizacijama dviju mreža. No, za nove ulagače, i dalje postoji rizik da bi konkurent mogao kopirati Bitcoin i njegov blockchain i tako uspjeti u preuzimanju tržišne kapitalizacije, te postati de facto Bitcoin.
Moguće je uočiti važno pravilo gledajući velike forkove u prošlosti Bitcoin i Ethereum mreža. Većina tržišne kapitalizacije odvijat će se na mreži koja zadrži najviši stupanj talenta i aktivnosti u zajednici programera. Premda se na Bitcoin može gledati kao na nov i mlad novac, on je također računalna mreža koja počiva na softveru, kojeg se pak treba održavati i poboljšavati. Kupovina tokena na mreži koja ima malo neiskusnih programera bilo bi kao kupovati kopiju Microsoft Windowsa na kojoj rade lošiji programeri. Jasno je vidljivo iz povijesti forkova koji su se odvili 2017. godine da su najbolji računalni i kriptografski stručnjaci posvećeni razvoju originalnog Bitcoina, a ne nekoj od rastućeg broja imitacija koje su se izrodile iz njega.
Stvarni rizici
Premda su uobičajene kritike upućene Bitconu od strane medija i ekonomske profesije krive i bazirane na netočnom shvaćanju novca, postoje pravi i značajni rizici kod ulaganja u Bitcoin. Bilo bi mudro za novog Bitcoin ulagača da shvati ove rizike prije potencijalnog ulaganja.
Rizik protokola
Bitcoin protokol i kriptografski sastavni dijelovi na kojima je sagrađen potencijalno imaju dosad nepronađenu grešku u svom dizajnu, ili mogu postati nesigurni razvojem kvantnih računala. Ako se pronađe greška u protokolu, ili neka nova metoda računarstva učini mogućim probijanje kriptografskih temelja Bitcoina, vjera u Bitcoin biti će znatno narušena. Rizik protokola bio je najviši u ranim godinama razvoja Bitcoina, kada je još uvijek bilo nejasno, čak i iskusnim kriptografima, je li Satoshi Nakamoto zaista riješio problem bizantskih generala (Byzantine Generals’ Problem). Brige oko ozbiljnih grešaka u Bitcoin protokolu nestale su kroz godine, no uzevši u obzir njegovu tehnološku prirodu, rizik protokola će uvijek ostati u Bitcoinu, makar i kao izuzetak.
Propadanje mjenjačnica
Time što je decentraliziran, Bitcoin je pokazao značajnu otpornost, suočen sa brojnim pokušajima raznih vlada da ga reguliraju ili unište. No, mjenjačnice koje trguju bitcoinima za fiat valute su centralizirani entiteti i podložne regulacijama i zatvaranju. Bez mjenjačnica i volje bankara da s njima posluju, proces monetizacije Bitcoina bio bi ozbiljno usporen, ako ne i potpuno zaustavljen. Iako postoje alternativni izvori likvidnosti za Bitcoin, poput “over-the-counter” brokera i decentraliziranih tržišta za kupovinu i prodaju bitcoina, kritičan proces otkrivanja i definiranja cijene se odvija na najlikvidnijim mjenjačnicama, koje su sve centralizirane.
Jedan od načina za umanjivanje rizika gašenja mjenjačnica je geografska arbitraža. Binance, jedna od velikih mjenjačnica iz Kine, preselila se u Japan nakon što joj je kineska vlada zabranila operiranje u Kini. Vlade su također oprezne kako ne bi ugušile novu industriju koja je potencijalno značajna kao i internet, i time predale nevjerojatnu konkurentnu vrijednost drugim nacijama.
Samo kroz koordinirano globalno ukidanje Bitcoin mjenjačnica bi proces monetizacije mogao biti zaustavljen. Trenutno smo u utrci; Bitcoin raste i postaje sve rašireniji, i doći će do trenutka kada bi potpuno ukidanje mjenjačnica postalo politički neizvedivo - kao i gašenje interneta. Mogućnost takvog ukidanja je još uvijek realna, i valja je uzeti u obzir pri ulaganju u Bitcoin. Kao što je gore objašnjeno, suverene vlade se polako bude i uviđaju prijetnju koju predstavlja neovisna digitalna valuta otporna na cenzuru, za njihovu monetarnu politiku. Otvoreno je pitanje hoće li išta poduzeti da odgovore ovoj prijetnji prije nego Bitcoin postane toliko utvrđen i raširen da politička akcija postane nemoćna i ne-efektivna.
Zamjenjivost
Otvorena i transparentna priroda Bitcoin blockchaina omogućava državama da proglase specifične bitcoine “okaljanima” zbog njihovog korištenja u određenim aktivnostima. Premda Bitcoin, na protokolarnoj razini, ne diskriminira transakcije na ikoji način, “okaljani” bitcoini bi mogli postati bezvrijedni ako bi ih regulacije proglasile ilegalnima i neprihvatljivima za mjenjačnice ili trgovce. Bitcoin bi tada izgubio jedno od kritičnih svojstava monetarnog dobra: zamjenjivost.
Da bi se ovaj problem riješio i umanjio, biti će potrebna poboljšanja na razini protokola kako bi se poboljšala privatnost transakcija. Premda postoji napredak u ovom smjeru, prvi put primjenjen u digitalnim valutama kao što su Monero i Zcash, potrebno je napraviti značajne tehnološke kompromise između efikasnosti i kompleksnosti Bitcoina i njegove privatnosti. Pitanje ostaje otvoreno je li moguće dodati nova svojstva privatnosti na Bitcoin, na način koji neće kompromitirati njegovu korisnost kao novca.
Zaključak
Bitcoin je novonastali novac koji je u procesu transformacije iz sakupljačkog dobra u spremište vrijednosti. Kao neovisno monetarno dobro, moguće je da će u budućnosti postati globalan novac, slično kao zlato za vrijeme 19. stoljeća. Prihvaćanje Bitcoina kao globalnog novca je upravo taj optimističan scenarij za Bitcoin, kojeg je artikulirao Satoshi Nakamoto još 2010. godine u email razmjeni sa Mikeom Hearnom:
"Ako zamisliš da se koristi u nekom dijelu svjetske trgovine, i da će postojati samo 21 milijun bitcoina za cijeli svijet, vrijednost po jedinici će biti znatno veća".
Ovaj scenarij je još snažnije definirao briljantni kriptograf Hal Finney, koji je ujedno primio i prve bitcoine od Nakamotoa, ubrzo nakon najave prvog funkcionalnog Bitcoin softvera:
"Zamislimo da Bitcoin bude uspješan i postane dominantan sustav plaćanja diljem svijeta. U tom slučaju će ukupna vrijednost valute biti jednaka ukupnoj vrijednosti svog bogatstva svijeta. Današnje procjene ukupnog svjetskog bogatska kućanstava koje sam pronašao borave negdje između 100 i 300 trilijuna dolara. Sa 20 milijuna bitcoina, svaki bi onda vrijedio oko 10 milijuna dolara."
Čak i da Bitcoin ne postane u cijelost globalan novac, nego da se samo natječe sa zlatom kao neovisno spremište vrijednosti, i dalje je masivno podcijenjen. Mapiranje tržišne kapitalizacije postojeće količine izrudarenog zlata (oko 8 trilijuna dolara) na maksimalnu dostupnost Bitcoina od 21 milijun, daje vrijednost od otprilike 380,000 dolara po bitcoinu. Kao što smo vidjeli u prethodnom tekstu, svojstva koja omogućavaju monetarnom dobru da bude prikladno spremište vrijednosti, čine Bitcoin superiornijim zlatu u svakom pogledu osim trajanja povijesti. No, kako vrijeme prolazi i Lindy efekt postane jači, dosadašnja povijest će prestati biti prednost zlata. Samim time, nije nerazumno očekivati da će Bitcoin narasti do, a možda i preko, ukupne cijene zlata na tržištvu do 2030. Opaska ovoj tezi je činjenica da veliki postotak vrijednosti zlata dolazi od toga što ga centralne banke čuvaju kao spremište vrijednosti. Da bi Bitcoin došao do te razine, određena količina suverenih država će trebati sudjelovati. Hoće li zapadnjačke demokracije sudjelovati u vlasništvu Bitcoina je nepoznato. Vjerojatnije je, nažalost, da će prve nacije u Bitcoin tržištu biti sitne diktature i kleptokracije.
Ako niti jedna država ne bude sudjelovala u Bitcoin tržištu, optimistična teza i dalje postoji. Kao nevisno spremište vrijednosti u rukama individualnih i institucionalnih ulagača, Bitcoin je i dalje vrlo rano u svojoj “krivulji prihvaćenosti” (adoption curve); tzv. “rana većina” ulaze na tržište sada, dok će ostali ući tek nekoliko godina kasnije. Sa širim sudjelovanjem individualnih i institucionalnih ulagača, cijena po bitcoinu između 100,000 i 200,000 dolara je sasvim moguća.
Posjedovanje bitcoina je jedna od malobrojnih asimetričnih novčanih strategija dostupnih svakome na svijetu. Poput “call” opcija, negativan rizik ulagača je ograničen na 1x, dok potencijalna dobit i dalje iznosi 100x ili više. Bitcoin je prvi istinski globalan balon čija je veličina ograničena samo potražnjom i željom građana svijeta da zaštite svoju ušteđevinu od raznovrsnih ekonomskih malverzacija vlade. Bitcoin je ustao kao feniks iz pepela globalne financijske krize 2008. godine - katastrofe kojoj su prethodile odluke centralnih banaka poput američke Federalne rezerve (Federal Reserve).
Onkraj samo financijske teze za Bitcoin, njegov rast i uspjeh kao neovisno spremište vrijednosti imat će duboke geopolitičke posljedice. Globalna, ne-inflacijska valuta će prisiliti suverene države da promjene svoje primarne mehanizme financiranja od inflacije u izravno oporezivanje; koje je daleko manje politički popularno. Države će se smanjivati proporcionalno političkoj boli koju im nanese oporezivanje kao jedini način financiranja. Nadalje, globalna trgovina vršiti će se na način koji zadovoljava aspiraciju Charlesa de Gaullea, da nijedna nacija ne bi smjela imati privilegiju nad ikojom drugom:
"Smatramo da je potrebno da se uspostavi međunarodna trgovina, kao što je bio slučaj prije velikih nesreća koje su zadesile svijet, na neosporivoj monetarnoj bazi, koja ne nosi na sebi oznaku ijedne države."
Za 50 godina, ta monetarna baza biti će Bitcoin.
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 21:32:19Bitkoin, kao jedinstvena digitalna valuta, postaje poznat široj javnosti u trenutku kada se pojavljuju prvi znaci svetske ekonomske krize a postojeći finansijski sistem počinje da pokazuje sve svoje slabosti. Danas, bitkoin, izaziva veliku pažnju svojim naglim skokovima i padovima.
Osnovna ideja o o decentralizovanim valutama potekla je od osnivača kripto-pank pokreta, među kojima su bili direktori kompanija naprednih tehnologija, univerzitetski profesori i istraživači iz oblasti matematike i fizike. Njihova ideja zasnovana je na anonimnoj, istovremenoj komunikaciji koja neće biti kontrolisana i nadgledana od neke treće strane u procesu.
Šta je kriptovaluta, ko je njen tvorac, kako do nje doći, kako trgovati i gde je čuvati, neka su od pitanja za čijim odgovorima tragamo u emisiji.
Sagovornici u emisiji su svi oni koji su u poslednjih godinu dana bili relevantni učesnici priča o kriptovaluti u Srbiji: osnivači Asocijacije bitkoin, predstavnici Narodne banke Srbije i predstavnici medija.
Montažer Milan Radičević
Urednik Aleksandra Šarković
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@ 8173f6e1:e488ac0f
2025-05-11 21:23:06TESTNOTEBIN2