A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure (also known as air pressure). Atmospheric pressure is the weight of air in the atmosphere. The working principle of a barometer is based on a balanced system, which measures atmospheric pressure to reflect changes in air pressure. Here are the two main types of barometers and how they work:
1. Mercury barometer
The mercury barometer is one of the most classic types of barometer, and its working principle is based on the Torricelli experiment. It consists of a glass tube about 3 feet tall, closed at one end and open and upside down at the other in a container filled with mercury. The mercury in the glass tube will fall and create a vacuum at the top. Atmospheric pressure acts on the mercury surface in the container, pushing the mercury column up. The height of the mercury column reflects the atmospheric pressure. As atmospheric pressure increases, mercury rises; Conversely, when atmospheric pressure drops, the mercury drops.
2. Android barometer
Android barometers do not require the use of liquid, but use a corrugated surface of a vacuum metal box. The metal box is pulled outward by elastic steel sheets to prevent atmospheric pressure from flattening it. When the atmospheric pressure increases, the metal box will sag slightly; When the atmospheric pressure is lowered, the elastic steel sheet will pull the metal box up. These changes are transmitted to the pointer through the transmission mechanism, which deflects the pointer and thus indicates the change in air pressure.
The application of a barometer
Barometers are not only used in meteorology to predict weather changes, but can also be used to measure altitude. The height of the mercury column decreases by about 1 mm for every 12 meters it rises, so it is possible to estimate the height of a mountain or the height of an airplane by measuring the height of the mercury column.
conclusion
Barometers measure atmospheric pressure through a variety of mechanisms, whether through a change in the height of a liquid (such as mercury) or through a deformation of a metal box. These measurements can help us understand weather variations and altitude variations and are important tools in meteorology and other fields.
@ BindaJD
2024-11-01 07:48:18