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@ 8d78f390:d3233370
2025-02-25 20:02:26
Their stupidity is our benefit
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@ 6bb0082d:0146ed0a
2025-02-25 20:02:25
58k gang forever! 😅
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@ b154080c:00027cc7
2025-02-25 20:02:19
Your % depends on how much you bought the past month
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@ 00d64057:570b5106
2025-02-25 20:02:18
https://image.nostr.build/7b25932782e0ca8995d9940f859463e141650a42c1268e204094b3b222be2aab.jpg
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 20:02:07
Big belly and no hair (and always saying quotes about family while driving tunwd up cars)!? 🫨🫨🫨
I’ll stick to my 8 hours of daily shut eye 🫡
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@ 7f3b464b:a5e1b06a
2025-02-25 20:02:02
Can you cheat in Bitcoin Mining?
🔥 Andreas Antonopoulos explains Bitcoin Mining:
https://m.primal.net/PLIK.mov
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@ 9267545d:d4e3688a
2025-02-25 20:01:49
https://video.nostr.build/2cae8cdd786243bc1c1e53bce242e50dec77c45537acd6789ae02a6451b36c59.mp4
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@ e8ed3798:67dd345a
2025-02-25 20:01:48
Midjourney 😁
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@ d8f38b89:ccf72848
2025-02-25 20:01:23
🤔 I'll consider it.
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@ ba18b654:48c19046
2025-02-25 20:01:23
😂 I are s-m-r-t lady ape
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@ a60e79e0:1e0e6813
2025-02-25 20:01:12
#AskNostr
Shill me some useful resources on the outbox model please folks. Technicals, podcasts, articles, supporting clients, pros and cons.
I'll take anything you've got.
Will ⚡ of course!
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@ 05972259:2932bae6
2025-02-25 20:01:04
"Like great jungle majestic ape"
Fuck yes.
Fuck yes.
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@ bfde2252:6c7b8dc2
2025-02-25 20:00:36
Possible side effects tho
https://image.nostr.build/20979b1ea29c4b0072c1a56c28839f956b5886596ea8082677d8709936669d03.jpg#m=image%2Fjpeg&dim=634x842&blurhash=_NKB2Za%7EKjRjaxnis.00xujsoznij%5BbI%3FwM_wHS5bIWVWB8_x%5DofRPS4s%3As%3A%3FbNHRixDj%5BX8azE1f5a%7Boft7NHRjxtt7a%7Dj%5BjYfPR%2BIUM%7BxaogS3n%25ayxuxuRkRkWBoft7&x=38eeaf0eac99d9f40cf7fb083a227ebcfaf78b79d71ba9664b8dfeefcbdb66f7
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@ eda96cb9:a55c0c05
2025-02-25 20:00:35
hamsters seem to have 3 modes
- run on wheel
- eat
- seriously reevaluate their life
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@ d8f38b89:ccf72848
2025-02-25 20:00:29
I aim to please.
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@ 58937958:545e6994
2025-02-25 20:00:16
GM
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@ a3c13ef4:d7ba24d6
2025-02-25 20:00:05
■ 流速計測
2025/02/26 04:50~05:00
[JP リレー]
きりの川: 12 posts
やぶみ川: 11 posts
ほりべあ川: 欠測
かすてら川: 0 posts
こじら川: 11 posts
しの川: 1 posts
[GLOBAL リレー]
きりの川(G): 14 posts
のこたろ川(G): 欠測
■ 野洲田川定点観測所
https://nostr-hotter-site.vercel.app
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@ 774c67bf:f487459e
2025-02-25 20:00:01
最近のホットな話題をお知らせします。 #hotpostrank
No1: 1 reposts 1 reactions
nostr:note1yfefr5eyywcdvfwylutdheva22p94pkykhuy0m2c862fwc324w4sa4cvuu
No2: 1 reposts
nostr:note14m6zpfp09069zrf288h4e2dgyxu9qae7933y05pr6p8dfwu4fylqjaks8l
No3: 1 reactions
nostr:note14drrx7y0xgzwpkh2g8fmzll4tj0gtmnvyp737skrklcljala06xsgrjqv2
No4: 1 reactions
nostr:note1gpy3x96sp3wuwjln3my57am8fwh9rpp8rwqg0vj35sf68h5sxzrq9mftgm
No5: 1 reactions
nostr:note1hcaw3j40pwugy6pry9h8v3t56upl7g8ya9klnpum6lusctn9pr4scp456n
No6: 1 reactions
nostr:note1e9ju7lyxac6m42lklvas5hehuhtqsgw49a7c6dtrqmzm94nclhqq89v7a4
No7: 1 reactions
nostr:note1h2s95gjps9lc5w6hmu0lts57q9j37epl0h4rhes4yvgec4pdxvcsspsns9
No8: 1 reactions
nostr:note1ecllhwewvjtg32dcx94ylh0n35xq4j5cqcjy6dc8znaws4fgzfpq9uwuh7
No9: 1 reactions
nostr:note1g88aydvetd3fal93nuf0tlj2u6r6z4vx96tnj7pck9qs8qhj0gsqspwyqz
No10: 1 reactions
nostr:note1es5454p4x97xucl36sp03u83q798d4c2lg273gd044k0tjxl5r6qtwgrua
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@ 87e02cd9:86477412
2025-02-25 20:00:01
--------------05:00--------------
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@ 8725d5f7:7bb98b09
2025-02-25 20:00:00
5:00 ポォ~ン♪
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@ c23d36fe:d824bf65
2025-02-25 20:00:00
✄------------ 5:00 ------------✄
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@ 97eefe56:7ae246af
2025-02-25 19:59:59
- - - 05:00 - - -
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@ 8725d5f7:7bb98b09
2025-02-25 19:59:45
🎵スジャータ スジャータ 白い広がりスジャータ
スジャータが 5 時をお知らせします
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@ 3f770d65:7a745b24
2025-02-25 19:59:21
Sure, having more purchasing power is great. Sure, growing wealth is nice. But those aren't the most exciting things about Bitcoin. Prices rise and fall, but what truly matters is the value for value economy that we're building here and the freedom technologies that lies beneath it all.
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:58:51
From op bears to strong Nic & friends 😂
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@ eda96cb9:a55c0c05
2025-02-25 19:58:49
ngu -> you're all getting girlfriends
ngd -> you're all getting girl friends
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@ d8f38b89:ccf72848
2025-02-25 19:58:45
But did you learn about hammock camping?
And yes, I have also heard these things. Trees are semi-required, though.
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@ ba18b654:48c19046
2025-02-25 19:58:38
He is pretty special 🫂💜.
👀 I feel like this miiiiight be a ploy to get us to visit So Cal for other reasons 🤔. 🤣🤣
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@ af2384b5:1ed62881
2025-02-25 19:58:37
GN
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@ 8d78f390:d3233370
2025-02-25 19:57:44
With the recent dips, I was able to reach my "pie in the sky" stacking goal, that I didn't think was possible 5 short years ago.
Thanks bears
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@ 8d9d2b77:86dd65fa
2025-02-25 19:56:56
Nite😊
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@ 6bb0082d:0146ed0a
2025-02-25 19:56:25
Reminder: Quantum Computing is bullshit! 😎
https://scottlocklin.wordpress.com/2019/01/15/quantum-computing-as-a-field-is-obvious-bullshit/
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@ 77911886:4b218091
2025-02-25 19:56:23
現在のブロック高さ:885295
<推奨手数料> 単位sats/vB
最速:6
1時間以内:6
[参考] 直近6ブロックの最小手数料
5,5,6,7,7,9
[参考] 次ブロック候補の最小手数料
5
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@ d8f38b89:ccf72848
2025-02-25 19:56:19
Of course you do. 😂
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:56:01
Read: sleep deprivation
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:55:49
aka sleep fasting 😂
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@ ba18b654:48c19046
2025-02-25 19:55:31
I always drool in the hammock 😂. It's the deepest sleep I've ever gotten, I highly recommend it.
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@ 675b84fe:12e1d728
2025-02-25 19:55:23
Following up, I found that this BitVM Bridge paper is by far the best description of this design I've seen thus far. Strongly recommended:
https://bitvm.org/bitvm_bridge.pdf
nostr:nevent1qqsx3x0w5djdte8hk80gqqaqeg8n9txfz0m93y0540mcsq0fjsex3jgpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c33weskgcmxd3hrgat8wsexswtjw4mhxathw56hvaf4v9kng7rpddsnwurhxeknwctc0ymnjct30958qdn4x4cnj6mww46nw0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qvadcfln4ugt2h9ruwsuwu5vu5am4xaka7pw6m7axy79aqyhp6u5qxpqqqqqqz6remet
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@ 3ce2b51d:36fc72c7
2025-02-25 19:55:00
✄------------ 4:55 ------------✄
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:54:57
WEFerium is the worst. Ultra sound money. So sound we can roll it back no problem
https://media1.tenor.com/m/jDJkh3w0wTAAAAAd/gregzaj1-ln_strike.gif
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@ 3c559080:a053153e
2025-02-25 19:54:54
I remember my first dip
https://i.nostr.build/0HovlI0UtfLao9XB.jpg
nostr:nevent1qqszuf3ywzwhfneawrllsv07ln9596s6gwkkg2l5fa4vtmjq37c3a6cpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyz0uuwh2x2e4vdur3769kad7xfv4wshpdwe7gapveq4m84g0jzr7vqcyqqqqqqg9cdkll
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@ f901616f:95c58e27
2025-02-25 19:54:53
https://i.nostr.build/V8NwTZE68jnHWqhb.png
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@ bfde2252:6c7b8dc2
2025-02-25 19:54:51
Gene Roddenberry was a genius but even he couldn't see ⭕ for Q. I bet he tried the sleeping technique previously mentioned. 🤭
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@ 77ce56f8:362f6ca7
2025-02-25 19:54:29
Just makes no sense to me. That's kinda similar to people using their SS numbers as banks too, but nudging them to send their money somewhere else....
And why wouldn't I just use the service that I'm being nudged to send to....🤷
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@ 63d69932:81bd7d72
2025-02-25 19:54:07
https://image.nostr.build/73877bcccb0a32b7a4d7edfd187abcbffbcf8e2cd5e96e27e92ca8a069eb3967.jpg
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@ 3ba9b8cf:73ee1623
2025-02-25 19:53:52
Or users moved actually the same size transactions, and simply the $BTCUSD exchange rate appreciated? 🤷
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:53:37
😂😂
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@ a60e79e0:1e0e6813
2025-02-25 19:53:17
Getting my Nostr nerd on thanks to nostr:npub1l2vyh47mk2p0qlsku7hg0vn29faehy9hy34ygaclpn66ukqp3afqutajft and nostr:npub1jlrs53pkdfjnts29kveljul2sm0actt6n8dxrrzqcersttvcuv3qdjynqn 🎧🔥
https://fountain.fm/episode/Mgg2TkWD1OKdEdp8Mg7f
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@ 9ce71f15:d7e780c7
2025-02-25 19:53:03
Awesome!! 😎 Love it!
p.s. nostr:npub1mrechz2tgtmspqc9e6l30dyfy4j57g43srzcvxupzs0cpn8h9pyqwms0g5 I've got same exact Snow Peak mug 🏆
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@ a3e36d4b:7b3241da
2025-02-25 19:53:01
テロッテ~ン♪
🎵ごーまぁりさーん ごーまぁりさーん エドウィン
ごーまぁりさーん エドウィン ごーまぁりさーん エドウィン
(裏声で) ごーまぁりさーん エドウィン
All right! Thank you, Thank you, Thank you... EDWIN
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:52:43
⭕️ is better 🤭
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@ a8171781:3562e1fc
2025-02-25 19:52:21
Roll it back!
https://media.tenor.com/7_1sajLk3ncAAAAM/dux-roll-joint.gif
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@ 3493a605:83ffc952
2025-02-25 19:52:11
LFG 🔥🔥🔥
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:52:09
YES
https://media1.tenor.com/m/64N84IxonFYAAAAC/unit-climb-harkonnen-soldiers.gif
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@ 2efaa715:3d987331
2025-02-25 19:52:04
I guess I'm ⭕ now or something? I don't know know what it means but it appears to have claimed me against my will
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@ bfde2252:6c7b8dc2
2025-02-25 19:51:32
That's Q! 💜
https://image.nostr.build/2d6f78f366d067e5631c41ccded0cab12b3f201c3e543b8d873145fc67e4fed3.gif#m=image%2Fgif&dim=220x220&blurhash=U6CYRL0KE0p0%7EB-pE%2BRi0z%251F3V%3DM%7B56%5EPRk&x=9c40e5afa9e8627062fbfbdcaf774e37543307e7730af3d5552d70ebada0bd52
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@ 3ba9b8cf:73ee1623
2025-02-25 19:51:25
In dollar terms. It's predominantly driven by exchange rate appreciation
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@ 2efaa715:3d987331
2025-02-25 19:51:18
I think I already have, whether I wanted to or not
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:50:58
Welcome to the ⭕️
https://media1.tenor.com/m/PiVnFrktPgIAAAAC/austin-powers-dr-evil.gif
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@ 1e67de37:5c9116e4
2025-02-25 19:50:52
Chiffrement : la Suède aussi sa porte dérobée dans les messageries chiffrées
https://www.lemagit.fr/actualites/366619606/Chiffrement-la-Suede-aussi-sa-porte-derobee-dans-les-messageries-chiffrees
#nostrfr
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@ 1e67de37:5c9116e4
2025-02-25 19:50:51
Ces VPN menacent de quitter la France à cause de Canal+
https://www.clubic.com/actualite-554874-ces-vpn-menacent-de-quitter-la-france-a-cause-de-canal.html
#nostrfr
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@ 1e67de37:5c9116e4
2025-02-25 19:50:50
Pourquoi les fournisseurs de VPN menacent de quitter la France
https://www.numerama.com/cyberguerre/1912459-pourquoi-les-fournisseurs-de-vpn-menacent-de-quitter-la-france.html
#nostrfr
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@ 0e05cb33:2082a99e
2025-02-25 19:50:48
My two preoccupations: the sky with its magic configurations and the miracle of spring.
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@ c1e9ab3a:9cb56b43
2025-02-25 19:50:40
nostr:naddr1qqxnzde5xq6nzv348yunvv35qythwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnswf5k6ctv9ehx2ap0qgsvr6dt8ft292mv5jlt7382vje0mfq2ccc3azrt4p45v5sknj6kkscrqsqqqa28mnxuze
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@ b75b9a31:6f3c1505
2025-02-25 19:50:35
https://img3.gelbooru.com/images/eb/e0/ebe0b7aa14dc6a81321e55986cc5d28a.jpg
by dush 1154
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@ 6389be64:ef439d32
2025-02-25 19:50:26
You sure that wasn't a dried cat turd?
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@ 273f8cb9:228fcd4b
2025-02-25 19:50:25
The smallest of events brought my world to life at once.
I think there are actually triggers like that all over the place.
When I thought about it, I saw a sparkle in front of my eyes.
https://m.primal.net/PLHW.jpg
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@ a3c13ef4:d7ba24d6
2025-02-25 19:50:05
■ 流速計測
2025/02/26 04:40~04:50
[JP リレー]
きりの川: 9 posts
やぶみ川: 7 posts
ほりべあ川: 欠測
かすてら川: 1 posts
こじら川: 7 posts
しの川: 1 posts
[GLOBAL リレー]
きりの川(G): 12 posts
のこたろ川(G): 欠測
■ 野洲田川定点観測所
https://nostr-hotter-site.vercel.app
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@ 6bb0082d:0146ed0a
2025-02-25 19:50:02
It's going DOWN forever, Laura! 😅
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@ 2efaa715:3d987331
2025-02-25 19:50:01
The fuck is going on here I am getting the most confusing notifications
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@ bba9ca44:6692820a
2025-02-25 19:50:01
nostr:npub1yxkzj4smth5sehppn90uqur4yhxh3j999krhyx4ks8favzw3ut0se4m7cp 新着投稿はないみたいですね。
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@ 34134b9e:fc209d48
2025-02-25 19:50:00
Sideways down was always going to be max pain
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@ b1b4105a:19aa52d5
2025-02-25 19:50:00
✄------------ 4:50 ------------✄
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@ 9ce71f15:d7e780c7
2025-02-25 19:49:59
Mouth open and all. maybe a drool here and there. 😂
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@ bfde2252:6c7b8dc2
2025-02-25 19:49:54
^knob 👀👀
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@ c48e29f0:26e14c11
2025-02-25 19:49:52
FINANCIAL PLANNING FOR BITCOINERS
Morgen Rochard on THE Bitcoin Podcast
Come check out my stream on zap.stream! https://zap.stream/naddr1qqjxvvtpv5mrycek95ukgcnr956xyen9943rywfs95urzdeev5un2d33v4jnxqg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09uq3jamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwwdhx7un59eek7cmfv9kz7qgwwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkctcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtcpz9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezumrpdejz7qg7waehxw309ahx7um5wgkhqatz9emk2mrvdaexgetj9ehx2ap0qyghwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnhd9hx2tcpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzvuhsz9thwden5te0dehhxarj9ehhsarj9ejx2a30qgsv73dxhgfk8tt76gf6q788zrfyz9dwwgwfk3aar6l5gk82a76v9fgrqsqqqan892vd36
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:49:46
Bery bery stronk
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@ c1e9ab3a:9cb56b43
2025-02-25 19:49:28
# 1. Introduction
Modern election systems must balance **privacy** (no one sees how individuals vote) with **public verifiability** (everyone can confirm the correctness of the tally). Achieving this in a decentralized, tamper-resistant manner remains a challenge. Nostr (a lightweight protocol for censorship-resistant communication) offers a promising platform for distributing and archiving election data (ballots) without relying on a single central server.
This paper presents a design where:
1. Each *voter* generates a **new ephemeral Nostr keypair** for an election.
2. The election authority (EA) **blind-signs** this ephemeral public key (npub) to prove the voter is authorized, without revealing which voter owns which ephemeral key.
3. Voters cast *encrypted ballots* to Nostr relays, each carrying an **OpenTimestamps** proof to confirm the ballot’s time anchor.
4. **Re-voting** is allowed: a voter can replace a previously cast ballot by publishing a *new* ballot with a *newer* timestamp.
5. Only the *latest valid ballot* (per ephemeral key) is counted.
We combine well-known cryptographic primitives—**blind signatures**, **homomorphic or mix-net encryption**, **threshold key management**, and **time anchoring**—into an end-to-end system that preserves anonymity, assures correctness, and prevents double-voting.
---
# 2. Roles and Components
## 2.1 Voters
- **Long-Term (“KYC-bound”) Key**: Each voter has some identity-verified Nostr public key used only for official communication with the EA (not for voting).
- **Ephemeral Voting Key**: For each election, the voter **locally generates** a new Nostr keypair \((nsec_e, npub_e)\).
- This is the “one-time” identity used to sign ballots.
- The EA never learns the real identity behind \(\npub_e\) because of **blinding**.
## 2.2 Election Authority (EA)
- Maintains the **official voter registry**: who is entitled to vote.
- **Blind-Signs** each valid voter’s ephemeral public key to authorize exactly one ephemeral key per voter.
- Publishes a **minimal voter roll**: e.g., “Voter #12345 has been issued a valid ephemeral key,” without revealing which ephemeral key.
## 2.3 Nostr Relays
- Decentralized servers that store and forward events.
- Voters post their ballots to relays, which replicate them.
- No single relay is critical; the same ballot can be posted to multiple relays for redundancy.
## 2.4 Cryptographic Framework
1. **Blind Signatures**: The EA signs a blinded version of \(\npub_e\).
2. **Homomorphic or Mix-Net Encryption**: Ensures the content of each ballot remains private; only aggregate results or a shuffled set are ever decrypted.
3. **Threshold / General Access Structure**: Multiple trustees (EA plus candidate representatives, for example) must collaborate to produce a final decryption.
4. **OpenTimestamps (OTS)**: Attaches a verifiable timestamp proof to each ballot, anchoring it to a blockchain or other tamper-resistant time reference.
---
# 3. Protocol Lifecycle
This section walks through **voter registration**, **ephemeral key authorization**, **casting (and re-casting) ballots**, and finally the **tally**.
## 3.1 Registration & Minimal Voter Roll
1. **Legal/KYC Verification**
- Each real-world voter proves their identity to the EA (per legal procedures).
- The EA records that the voter is eligible to cast one ballot, referencing their long-term identity key (\(\npub_{\mathrm{KYC}}\)).
2. **Issue Authorization “Slot”**
- The EA’s voter roll notes “this person can receive exactly one blind signature for an ephemeral key.”
- The roll does *not* store an ephemeral key—just notes that it can be requested.
## 3.2 Generating and Blinding the Ephemeral Key
1. **Voter Creates Ephemeral Key**
- Locally, the voter’s client generates a fresh \((nsec_e, npub_e)\).
2. **Blinding**
- The client blinds \(\npub_e\) to produce \(\npub_{e,\mathrm{blinded}}\). This ensures the EA cannot learn the real \(\npub_e\).
3. **Blind Signature Request**
- The voter, using their **KYC-bound key** (\(\npub_{\mathrm{KYC}}\)), sends \(\npub_{e,\mathrm{blinded}}\) to the EA (perhaps via a secure direct message or a “giftwrapped DM”).
- The EA checks that this voter has not already been issued a blind signature.
- If authorized, the EA signs \(\npub_{e,\mathrm{blinded}}\) with its private key and returns the blinded signature.
4. **Unblinding**
- The voter’s client unblinds the signature, obtaining a **valid signature** on \(\npub_e\).
- Now \(\npub_e\) is a **blinded ephemeral public key** that the EA has effectively “authorized,” without knowing which voter it belongs to.
5. **Roll Update**
- The EA updates its minimal roll to note that “Voter #12345 received a signature,” but does *not* publish \(\npub_e\).
## 3.3 Casting an Encrypted Ballot with OpenTimestamps
When the voter is ready to vote:
1. **Compose Encrypted Ballot**
- The ballot can be **homomorphically** encrypted (e.g., with Paillier or ElGamal) or structured for a **mix-net**.
- Optionally include Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) showing the ballot is valid (one candidate per race, etc.).
2. **Obtain OTS Timestamp**
- The voter’s client computes a **hash** \(H\) of the ballot data (ciphertext + ZKPs).
- The client sends \(H\) to an **OpenTimestamps** aggregator.
- The aggregator returns a **timestamp proof** verifying that “this hash was seen at or before block/time \(T\).”
3. **Create a “Timestamped Ballot” Payload**
- Combine:
1. **Encrypted ballot** data.
2. **OTS proof** for the hash of the ballot.
3. **EA’s signature** on \(\npub_e\) (the blind-signed ephemeral key).
4. A final **signature** by the voter’s ephemeral key \((nsec_e)\) over the entire package.
4. **Publish to Nostr**
- The voter posts the complete “timestamped ballot” event to one or more relays.
- Observers see “an event from ephemeral key \(\npub_e\), with an OTS proof and the EA’s blind signature,” but cannot identify the real voter or see the vote’s contents.
### 3.4 Re-Voting (Updating the Ballot)
If the voter wishes to revise their vote (due to coercion, a mistake, or simply a change of mind):
1. **Generate a New Encrypted Ballot**
- Possibly with different candidate choices.
2. **Obtain a New OTS Proof**
- The new ballot has a fresh hash \(H'\).
- The OTS aggregator provides a new proof anchored at a *later* block/time than the old one.
3. **Publish the Updated Ballot**
- Again, sign with \(\npub_e\).
- Relays store both ballots, but the *newer* OTS timestamp shows which ballot is “final.”
**Rule**: The final vote for ephemeral key \(\npub_e\) is determined by the ballot with the **highest valid OTS proof** prior to the election’s closing.
## 3.5 Election Closing & Tally
1. **Close Signal**
- At a specified time or block height, the EA publishes a “closing token.”
- Any ballot with an OTS anchor referencing a time/block *after* the closing is invalid.
2. **Collect Final Ballots**
- Observers (or official tally software) gather the *latest valid* ballot from each ephemeral key.
- They confirm the OTS proofs are valid and that no ephemeral key posted two different ballots with the **same** timestamp.
3. **Decryption / Summation**
- If homomorphic, the system sums the encrypted votes and uses a **threshold** of trustees to decrypt the aggregate.
- If a mix-net, the ballots are shuffled and partially decrypted, also requiring multiple trustees.
- In either case, individual votes remain hidden, but the final counts are revealed.
4. **Public Audit**
- Anyone can fetch all ballots from the Nostr relays, verify OTS proofs, check the EA’s blind signature, and confirm no ephemeral key was used twice.
- The final totals can be recomputed from the publicly available data.
---
# 4. Ensuring One Vote Per Voter & No Invalid Voters
1. **One Blind Signature per Registered Voter**
- The EA’s internal list ensures each real voter only obtains one ephemeral key signature.
2. **Blind Signature**
- Ensures an *unauthorized* ephemeral key cannot pass validation (forging the EA’s signature is cryptographically infeasible).
3. **Public Ledger of Ballots**
- Because each ballot references an EA-signed key, any ballot with a fake or duplicate signature is easily spotted.
---
# 5. Security and Privacy Analysis
1. **Voter Anonymity**
- The EA never sees the unblinded ephemeral key. It cannot link \(\npub_e\) to a specific person.
- Observers only see “some ephemeral key posted a ballot,” not the real identity of the voter.
2. **Ballot Secrecy**
- **Homomorphic Encryption** or **Mix-Net**: no one can decrypt an individual ballot; only aggregated or shuffled results are revealed.
- The ephemeral key used for signing does not decrypt the ballot—the election’s threshold key does, after the election.
3. **Verifiable Timestamping**
- **OpenTimestamps** ensures each ballot’s time anchor cannot be forged or backdated.
- Re-voting is transparent: a later OTS proof overrides earlier ones from the same ephemeral key.
4. **Preventing Double Voting**
- Each ephemeral key is unique and authorized once.
- Re-voting by the same key overwrites the old ballot but does not *increase* the total count.
5. **Protection Against Coercion**
- Because the voter can re-cast until the deadline, a coerced vote can be replaced privately.
- No receipts (individual decryption) are possible—only the final aggregated tally is revealed.
6. **Threshold / Multi-Party Control**
- Multiple trustees must collaborate to decrypt final results, preventing a single entity from tampering or prematurely viewing partial tallies.
---
# 6. Implementation Considerations
1. **Blind Signature Techniques**
- Commonly implemented with RSA-based Chaumian blind signatures or BLS-based schemes.
- Must ensure no link between \(\npub_{e,\mathrm{blinded}}\) and \(\npub_e\).
2. **OpenTimestamps Scalability**
- If millions of voters are posting ballots simultaneously, multiple timestamp aggregators or batch anchoring might be needed.
- Verification logic on the client side or by public auditors must confirm each OTS proof’s integrity.
3. **Relay Coordination**
- The system must ensure no single relay can censor ballots. Voters may publish to multiple relays.
- Tally fetchers cross-verify events from different relays.
4. **Ease of Use**
- The user interface must hide the complexity of ephemeral key generation, blind signing, and OTS proof retrieval—making it as simple as possible for non-technical voters.
5. **Legal Framework**
- If law requires publicly listing which voters have cast a ballot, you might track “Voter #12345 used their ephemeral key” without revealing the ephemeral key. Or you omit that if secrecy about *who voted* is desired.
6. **Closing Time Edge Cases**
- The system uses a *block/time anchor* from OTS. Slight unpredictability in block generation might require a small buffer around the official close. This is a policy choice.
---
# 7. Conclusion
We propose an **election system** that leverages **Nostr** for decentralizing ballot publication, **blinded ephemeral keys** for robust voter anonymity, **homomorphic/mix-net encryption** for ballot secrecy, **threshold cryptography** for collaborative final decryption, **OpenTimestamps** for tamper-proof time anchoring, and **re-voting** to combat coercion.
**Key Advantages**:
1. **Anonymity**: The EA cannot link ballots to specific voters.
2. **One Voter, One Credential**: Strict enforcement through blind signatures.
3. **Verifiable Ordering**: OTS ensures each ballot has a unique, provable time anchor.
4. **Updatability**: Voters can correct or override coerced ballots by posting a newer one before closing.
5. **Decentralized Audit**: Anyone can fetch ballots from Nostr, verify the EA’s signatures and OTS proofs, and confirm the threshold-decrypted results match the posted ballots.
Such a design shows promise for secure, privacy-preserving **digital elections**, though real-world deployment will require careful **policy, legal, and usability** considerations. By combining cryptography with decentralized relays and an external timestamp anchor, the system can uphold both **individual privacy** and **publicly auditable correctness**.
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@ b7e453f6:9ff08e8c
2025-02-25 19:49:27
It's always the remote mountains to me. The longer the solo hike, the more you feel the connection and the energy.
And you realize the nonsense of the cities. In the city, everything is governed by the over-financialized incentives and bureaucratic rules. While in the nature, it's the pure economy optimizations of life.
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@ 800e0fe3:d8468b0b
2025-02-25 19:49:21
Signal's problem is that they have a CEO
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@ 2f02d76f:abd60a7c
2025-02-25 19:49:19
https://image.nostr.build/3bc221f5509723aaea57665581c7bf74c0ee1d049895b61f710b74454a2c3cb1.jpg
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:49:12
I imagine the person in the back trying to shove a rasberry pi in picard’s ear
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@ 8d9d2b77:86dd65fa
2025-02-25 19:48:54
Have a few chickens, grow a little bit of your own food, barter with your neighbors, save in bitcoin, do the opposite of what the bureaucrats tell you. Just be a rebel. #grownostr #BeARebel https://image.nostr.build/79a301786137c2d1df0807f0f5d1daadec61f1a629f8c80798e712e12ba6a8c0.jpg
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@ 7ed7d5c3:6927e200
2025-02-25 19:48:43
Typo game is extra stronk today 😂🤣 nostr:nevent1qqs90cyptrm3cxznydkqze0kwn6mqlrr5v8ya4z8uxe9tady45x9esqpzemhxue69uhk2er9dchxummnw3ezumrpdejz7q3q0mtatsat7ph6rsq0w8u8npt8d86x4jfr2nqjnvld2439q6f8ugqqxpqqqqqqzfyr0xj
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@ 6bb0082d:0146ed0a
2025-02-25 19:48:34
You should watch Apocalypse Now! It's a great movie!
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@ 96246920:4ec1ed6c
2025-02-25 19:48:22
Haha naw I wish! I think they’re lovely too
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@ 0c45d7d4:5e443e4d
2025-02-25 19:48:16
With what money?
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@ 7ed7d5c3:6927e200
2025-02-25 19:48:11
Nose*
also her* maybe. I can't tell.
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:47:54
https://media1.tenor.com/m/FUItMRhUz3sAAAAd/chapelle-charlie-murphy.gif
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@ 7ed7d5c3:6927e200
2025-02-25 19:47:37
I imagine him sticking the tip of his node into Picard's ear.
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:47:37
Always stack sats. Just in case 🤭
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@ 0c45d7d4:5e443e4d
2025-02-25 19:47:07
The crypto ecosystem is now on the hunt like wolves, weak projects will go to $0.
Only the good projects will rise.
No more daddy pimpy 2x pump coins.
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@ eeeaf7df:ff8e1251
2025-02-25 19:47:02
https://cdn.nostr.build/i/51bd905625e7aabe6917c178ae8719150cf95310e6534469f55e5e39dfdfad28.jpg
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@ ba18b654:48c19046
2025-02-25 19:46:59
Horse ladies are a special kind of crazy 😂. I've known a couple.
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@ 77911886:4b218091
2025-02-25 19:46:23
現在のブロック高さ:885294
<推奨手数料> 単位sats/vB
最速:6
1時間以内:6
[参考] 直近6ブロックの最小手数料
5,6,7,7,9,7
[参考] 次ブロック候補の最小手数料
5
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@ 460c25e6:ef85065c
2025-02-25 19:46:07
Fun fact: DOGE is technically just a rename of the United States Digital Service. So, Elon is technically just the head of IT for the government.
I should send him some longstanding printer questions.
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@ a44dbc9a:b6c4bf4b
2025-02-25 19:45:44
pls do
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@ 0958a105:b17f2192
2025-02-25 19:45:41
GN ✨💫🫂
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@ 71243040:e3086c3c
2025-02-25 19:45:32
Yeh, my router got soaked in water so my node has been offline until I sorted a new one!
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@ 18905d0a:0b229b08
2025-02-25 19:45:26
https://media1.tenor.com/m/t1g6ut6A8uUAAAAC/laughing-spongebob.gif