@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# How does bitcoin's lack of central brand authority influence its visual identity, and what implications does this have for designers? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/877437

@ 73da3415:a8b7f470

T e s t 1

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# Looking at bitcoin's layered architecture (base layer and Lightning Network), can you explain why this approach was necessary? What are the trade-offs between transacting on each layer? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/877429

@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1

## Beginning at the start In my previous article, [The Establishment](https://next-alexandria.gitcitadel.eu/publication?d=the-gitcitadel-blog-the-establishment-3-by-stella-v-1), I answered the question: "How do we form a company?" I realize, now, that I was getting a bit ahead, of myself, as the precursor to a *company* is a *team*, and many people struggle to form teams. So, I will go back to the beginning, and then you can read both articles to the end, and then stop. ## The Initiation The first, and most-difficult step of team formation, is *the initiation*. We know that it must be the most-difficult, as it's the step that carries the highest potential reward, and it's the step that is tried-and-failed most often. (Some people, like Elon Musk or Donald Trump, are born Initiators with excellent follow-through, but this archetype is exceedingly thin on the ground because it requires you to be mildly autistic, have barely-throttled ADHD, and/or tend to megalomania, also popularly known as "toxic masculinity", "CEO personality", or "being a successful military officer".) Someone needs to form a useful, attractive Vision and then motivate other people to help them achieve it. That sounds really easy, but it's actually brutally difficult because * You have to come up with an idea that is coherent, plausible, and inspiring. * You have to be able to communicate that idea to other people and make it appealing to them, by tying it into their own personal goals and desires. * You have to be able to hone and reformulate that idea, constantly, to correct it or to re-motivate the other team members. * You have to defend the idea against detractors, naysayers, and trolls, and you have to do it so vociferously, that it will erode your own popularity among those who disagree with you and open you to personal attacks. * You have to be able to focus on the idea, yourself, for a long stretch of time, and not allow yourself to get bored, lazy, or distracted.  So, just do and be all of those things, and then initiate the team, with the method I will name the *Hatbock Method*. It is so named because of the classic, German initiation ritual, in which an Initiator stands up, loudly defines their Vision and calls into a group "Wer hat Bock?" (roughly, "Who has the hunger/desire?") and whoever responds with "Ich hab Bock." (roughly, "Yes, I hunger for this.") is a part of the team. Then the Initiator says, "Okay, everyone with the hunger, let's sit down together, and discuss this some more." (This "sitting" is literally called a "seating", or "Sitzung", which is the German word for "meeting".) ## The Sitting We now get to the second most difficult part of team formation: figuring out *where to sit*. Most teams get this wrong, repeatedly, and many teams dissolve or fracture under the difficulty of this momentous decision. You would think organizing yourselves online would make this easier ("Oh, we'll just meet online!"), but the number of places available for sitting online are limitless. You can talk your whole Vision into the ground, with laborous discussions and migrations between Chachi, OxChat, Telegram, SimpleX, Slack, Discord, WhatsApp, GitHub, Teams, Coracle, Matrix... you get the idea. Try to keep in mind that the Vision is more important than the seating area, and go with the flow. Simply, find someplace and go there. Worry about it again, at a later date. Don't lose momentum. Sit down and start discussing the Vision, *immediately*.  Now, this next bit is very important: > Do not let anyone outside your team influence where you sit! ...unless they are providing your team with some good, service, or income, that makes choosing their preferred location the superior choice. This is the German *Stammtisch* principle, where a host encourages you to come sit down, regularly, in some particular place, because your sitting there provides them with some benefit: they can overhear your conversations, get you to test out their seating area, sell you refreshments, etc. Your choice of seating, in other words, is a valuable good, and you should only "sell" it to someone who rewards you in measure. They have to reward you because their preferred seating area wasn't your immediate and obvious choice, so there was probably something unappealing or uncertain about the seating area. ## Plan it in Once you've sat down, and finished your rough draft of the Vision, you need to figure out *when to sit*. This is the third most-difficult part of team formation. (Yes, don't worry, it gets easier as it goes along.) The most popular plan is the Wirsehenuns Plan (roughly, "We'll see each other, around.") This can work quite well, if you just want to have a loose collaboration, that calls itself together in an ad hoc fashion, when a team member feels the need. Also known as "@ me, bros". It's not a great plan for more intensive collaboration, as that tends to need a certain about of velocity, to actually happen, as the speed of movement has a centrifugal effect on the tasks. Team momentum, in other words, creates a sort of gravity, that keeps the team together as a unit. So, for deeper teamwork, I would recommend the Stammtisch variant: name a place and date/time, when you will next meet. Preferably, on a rotating schedule: daily, weekly, last Thursday of the month, etc. And then meet there and then. And discuss amongst yourselves. Set clear, short-term tasks (and assign them to particular people!), medium-term strategies, and longer-term goals. *Write everything down.* Anything not written down, is a suggestion, not an assigned task. If you find your Stammtisch becoming increasingly rewarding and productive, and your goals start moving closer and closer into sight, then you might want to formalize your team structure further, [as a company](https://next-alexandria.gitcitadel.eu/publication?d=the-gitcitadel-blog-the-establishment-3-by-stella-v-1).

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/877410

@ ac6f9572:8a6853dd

Hello stackers! Hope you already noticed our previous posts about [SATS'N'FACTS](https://stacker.news/search/r/catoshi?amount=&q=sats%27n%27facts), the first Bitcoin Technical Unconference ever organized in South East Asia. An opportunity to gather and build together in #ChiangMai, #Thailand for bitcoiners, builders, creative, artists and obviously nostriches. An event dedicated to fostering innovation in the Bitcoin, Lightning, Cashu and Nostr ecosystems.  We aim to bring together developers, builders, and enthusiasts to work on impactful projects that advance Bitcoin’s utility and adoption. But not only an unconference, participants will be also surrounded by bitcoin art (https://stacker.news/items/847359/r/catoshi) and health initiatives to foster ideas. These ideas will optionally participate in the SATS'N'HACKS Hackathon. You can read more information here https://satsnfacts.btc.pub/hackathon (WIP)  # Satsraiser Open! More than anything else, we value community contributions, from plebs to plebs, from stackers to stackers we are doing this mostly for the benefits of our community. As our event was open to everyone to participate, we would also love to give the community the opportunity to reward the most prominent projects that will be coming out of this hackathon. Everything will be #BuildinPublic during the 3 days event, the projects will be listyed in a nostr:npub1kmwdmhuxvafg05dyap3qmy42jpwztrv9p0uvey3a8803ahlwtmnsnhxqk9 Grant where the community will be able to zap to upvote projects. We will invite all participants to (if not already done) create a nostr profile to receive live zaps without middlemen. You can also contribute zapping this post, all the sats collected specifically to this Satsraiser on SN will be added to the prize pool and split equally to the first 5 semifinalists. You can also send zaps on: - directly satsnfacts@coinos.io mentioning `SatsNhacks` in the comments - contributing on https://geyser.fund/project/satsnhacks - or also commenting, reposting or zapping our notes on nostr https://iris.to/satsandfacts  # Contribute differently You would like to contribute to the prize pool in other ways? We are currently seeking sponsors to support and motivate participants during the event. Your contributions would be an incredible addition to our hackathon’s success and we believe it will be a great opportunity to expose, you, your product and services to a newborn and fast-growing Bitcoin-only community in South East Asia. You can contribute with what you can, and in return, we’d love to feature your brand as an official sponsor of the event, which includes: - Logo placement on all marketing materials, event pages, and participant swag. - Recognition during event announcements and social media promotion. - The opportunity to directly engage with our community of developers, entrepreneurs, creatives, artists and Bitcoin/Nostr enthusiasts. We are open to discussing creative ways to collaborate that align with your organization’s goals. Are you be available for a quick call or email exchange to explore this opportunity further? Get in touch at SatsAndFacts@proton.me  # Acknowledgments We take the opportunity to give a huge **_THANK YOU_** to [UTREEXO](https://dci.mit.edu/utreexo) for the support provided to our first (of many) event. Many many kudos to some of the communities that have currently collaborated with, and that we look forward to meeting IRL at the event: 🇮🇳 Bitshala: https://bitshala.org/ 🇻🇳 Bitcoin Saigon: https://bitcoinsaigon.org/ 🇮🇩 Bitcoin Indonesia: https://bitcoinindonesia.xyz/bitcoin-house-bali/ 🇰🇷 Bitcoin Social Layer in South Korea: https://exciting-cheek-5fa.notion.site/CI-17467469618f8042a23fffe9e251bccb Thank you and we looking forward to hearing your thoughts in the comments below! nostr:npub143he2uspw7snzd7k6l3xwprmhy7tfdek0zwetnf4ejeglzng20wssnv8au // nostr:npub1yrnuj56rnen08zp2h9h7p74ghgjx6ma39spmpj6w9hzxywutevsst7k5cx   #siamstr #nostr #news #zap #sats #grownostr #btc #asknostr #plebchain #lightning #nhk_news

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

## Motivations Recently, my sites hosted behind Cloudflare tunnels mysteriously stopped working—not once, but twice. The first outage occurred about a week ago. Interestingly, when I switched to using the 1.1.1.1 WARP VPN on my cellphone or PC, the sites became accessible again. Clearly, the issue wasn't with the sites themselves but something about the routing. This led me to the brilliant (or desperate) idea of routing all Cloudflare-bound traffic through a WARP tunnel in my local network. ## Prerequisites - A "server" with an **amd64 processor** (the WARP client only works on amd64 architecture). I'm using an old mac mini, but really, anything with an amd64 processor will do. - Basic knowledge of Linux commands. - Access to your Wi-Fi router's settings (if you plan to configure routes there). --- ## Step 1: Installing the WARP CLI 1. **Update your system packages:** ```bash sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y ``` 2. **Download and install the WARP CLI:** ```bash curl https://pkg.cloudflareclient.com/pubkey.gpg | sudo gpg --yes --dearmor --output /usr/share/keyrings/cloudflare-warp-archive-keyring.gpg echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cloudflare-warp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://pkg.cloudflareclient.com/ $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudflare-client.list sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install cloudflare-warp ``` 3. **Register and connect to WARP:** Run the following commands to register and connect to WARP: ```bash sudo warp-cli register sudo warp-cli connect ```` Confirm the connection with: ```bash warp-cli status ``` --- ## Step 2: Routing Traffic on the Server Machine Now that WARP is connected, let's route the local network's Cloudflare-bound traffic through this tunnel. 1. **Enable IP forwarding:** ```bash sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 ``` Make it persistent after reboot: ```bash echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward=1' | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf sudo sysctl -p ``` 2. **Set up firewall rules to forward traffic:** ```bash sudo nft add rule ip filter FORWARD iif "eth0" oif "CloudflareWARP" ip saddr 192.168.31.0/24 ip daddr 104.0.0.0/8 accept sudo nft add rule ip filter FORWARD iif "CloudflareWARP" oif "eth0" ip saddr 104.0.0.0/8 ip daddr 192.168.31.0/24 ct state established,related accept ``` Replace `eth0` with your actual network interface if different. 3. **Make rules persistent:** ```bash sudo apt install nftables sudo nft list ruleset > /etc/nftables.conf ``` --- ## Step 3: Configuring the Route on a Local PC (Linux) On your local Linux machine: 1. **Add a static route:** ```bash sudo ip route add 104.0.0.0/24 via <SERVER_IP> ``` Replace `<SERVER_IP>` with the internal IP of your WARP-enabled server. This should be a temporary solution, since it only effects a local machine. For a solution that can effect the whole local network, please see next step. --- ## Step 4: Configuring the Route on Your Wi-Fi Router (Recommended) If your router allows adding static routes: 1. **Log in to your router's admin interface.** 2. **Navigate to the Static Routing section.** (This may vary depending on the router model.) 3. **Add a new static route:** - **Destination Network:** `104.0.0.0` - **Subnet Mask:** `255.255.255.0` - **Gateway:** `<SERVER_IP>` - **Metric:** `1` (or leave it default) 4. **Save and apply the settings.** One of the key advantages of this method is how easy it is to disable once your ISP's routing issues are resolved. Since the changes affect the entire network at once, you can quickly restore normal network behavior by simply removing the static routes or disabling the forwarding rules, all without the need for complex reconfigurations. --- ## Final Thoughts Congratulations! You've now routed all your Cloudflare-bound traffic through a secure WARP tunnel, effectively bypassing mysterious connectivity issues. If the sites ever go down again, at least you’ll have one less thing to blame—and one more thing to debug.

@ 4c96d763:80c3ee30

# Changes ## Derek Ross (2): - fix: updated NIP-05 verification to Nostr address - fix: change word verification to identification ## William Casarin (29): - contacts: disable hashtag follows for now - Switch to GameActivity and gradle build - Notedeck Alpha 2 Release - v0.3 - nix: don't shell zenity on macos - clippy fixes - pfp: remove border except for profile - theme: refactor dark theme logic to use is_oled - pfp: 4.0 stroke, add border_stroke method - ci: run on older ubuntu - algos: introduce last_n_per_pubkey_from_tags - wip algo timelines - Initial token parser combinator - token_parser: unify parsing and serialization - token_serializer: introduce TokenWriter - token_parser: simplify AddColumnRoute serialization - tokens: add a more advanced tokens parser - tokens: add AccountsRoute token serializer - tokens: add PubkeySource and ListKinds token serializer - tokens: add TimelineRoute token serializer - tokens: initial Route token serializer - add tokenator crate - note_id: add hex helpers for root notes - tokens: add token serialization for AlgoTimeline - tokens: add token serialization for TimelineKind - tokens: switch over to using token serialization - ci: upload artifacts step - version: bump to 0.3.1 - Switch to unified timeline cache via TimelineKinds - hashtags: click hashtags to open them ## jglad (4): - #597 add border behind pfp - replace with full circle border - make optional - fix formatting ## kernelkind (2): - add deck icon hover tooltip with deck name - move login help text below TextEdit pushed to [notedeck:refs/heads/master](http://git.jb55.com/notedeck/commit/fd030f5b5ce7d5c641b764741d22d3a89c16809d.html)

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

In an unexpected turn of events that has sent ripples through the cryptocurrency world, Changpeng Zhao, the CEO of Binance, has extended his stay in the United States. This development is particularly striking against the backdrop of Binance's ongoing legal challenges and the intense scrutiny it faces from regulators worldwide. Zhao's decision to remain in the U.S. longer than anticipated is not just a personal choice but a strategic move that could have far-reaching implications for Binance's global operations and the cryptocurrency industry at large. It raises questions about Binance's future strategies and its efforts to navigate the complex web of international regulations. **Table Of Content** - Background: Binance's Regulatory Challenges - Changpeng Zhao's Role and Influence - The Unexpected U.S. Stay - Legal Considerations - Future of Binance and Crypto Regulation - Conclusion - FAQs **Background: Binance's Regulatory Challenges** Binance has emerged as a dominant force in the cryptocurrency exchange market, known for its vast selection of digital assets and high trading volumes. However, this success has not come without its share of challenges. The platform has been under the microscope of regulators across the globe, facing scrutiny over its compliance with stringent anti-money laundering (AML) standards and consumer protection laws. These regulatory hurdles have manifested in various forms, including formal warnings from financial watchdogs, in-depth investigations by regulatory authorities, and outright bans in certain jurisdictions. These challenges highlight the precarious position Binance occupies in the global financial landscape and underscore the delicate balance it must maintain between innovation and regulatory compliance. **Changpeng Zhao's Role and Influence** Changpeng Zhao, affectionately known as "CZ" in the crypto community, is more than just the CEO of Binance; he is a visionary and a key influencer in the cryptocurrency sector. Since founding Binance in 2017, Zhao has steered the company through exponential growth, navigating the volatile waters of the crypto market with a blend of technological innovation and strategic foresight. However, this journey has been fraught with controversies, particularly around issues of regulatory compliance and operational transparency. As the face and voice of Binance, Zhao's decisions, public statements, and even his personal movements are closely watched and analyzed for insights into Binance's future direction and its stance on regulatory matters. **The Unexpected U.S. Stay** The news of Zhao's extended stay in the U.S. has sparked a flurry of speculation and analysis within the financial and cryptocurrency sectors. This move is particularly intriguing given the current regulatory climate in the U.S., which is known for its stringent financial oversight and tough stance on cryptocurrency regulation. The extended stay raises several questions: Is Zhao seeking to engage in high-level negotiations with U.S. regulators? Is Binance planning a strategic pivot or expansion in the U.S. market? Or is this a proactive measure to address some of the legal challenges facing the company? Whatever the reason, Zhao's presence in the U.S. is a clear indication that significant developments are underway for Binance in one of the world's most important financial markets. **Implications for Binance** Zhao's decision to extend his stay in the U.S. could be interpreted as a strategic move to align Binance more closely with U.S. regulatory frameworks. This could involve enhancing the company's compliance systems, engaging in more transparent dialogue with regulatory bodies, or even restructuring some of Binance's business practices to conform to U.S. standards. Such changes could be crucial for Binance's continued operation and growth in the U.S. market, potentially opening doors to new partnerships, investment opportunities, and a broader customer base. Moreover, a stronger foothold in the U.S. could enhance Binance's reputation globally, signaling its commitment to regulatory compliance and financial stability. **Industry Reactions** The cryptocurrency industry and financial markets are abuzz with discussions about Zhao's extended stay in the U.S. Analysts, investors, and other industry players are keenly observing this development, understanding that Zhao's actions could signal a new chapter for Binance and possibly the entire cryptocurrency sector. His stay is being interpreted as a sign of Binance's willingness to engage more proactively with regulatory bodies, a move that could have significant implications for how cryptocurrency businesses operate globally. Additionally, Zhao's presence in the U.S. could influence other cryptocurrency exchanges and startups, setting a precedent for how they might approach regulatory challenges and market expansion. **Legal Considerations** Zhao's prolonged presence in the U.S. coincides with a critical period for Binance as it navigates complex legal waters. His decision to stay could be instrumental in facilitating more direct and effective engagement with U.S. legal authorities and regulatory bodies. This proximity to the heart of U.S. financial regulation might enable more constructive dialogues, potentially leading to resolutions or progress in the various legal cases and investigations Binance is currently involved in. Zhao's hands-on involvement in these legal matters could be a game-changer, offering opportunities for negotiation, compliance, and possibly even reconciliation with regulatory authorities. **Potential Outcomes** The involvement of Zhao in legal and regulatory discussions in the U.S. could lead to a spectrum of outcomes for Binance. These might range from reaching amicable settlements and forming robust compliance agreements to facing more stringent regulatory actions or operational restrictions, depending on the nature of the negotiations and the willingness of both parties to find common ground. The outcomes of these engagements are likely to have a significant impact on Binance's operational framework, its global reputation, and its ability to compete in the international market. They could also set important precedents for how major cryptocurrency exchanges interact with regulatory bodies and navigate legal challenges. **Future of Binance and Crypto Regulation** Zhao's decision to extend his stay in the U.S. is a pivotal moment in the evolving narrative of cryptocurrency regulation. It underscores the increasing importance of regulatory compliance for major players in the crypto space and suggests a potential shift towards more collaborative and proactive approaches between industry leaders and regulatory bodies. This development could be a harbinger of a new era in cryptocurrency regulation, where open dialogue, transparency, and compliance play central roles in shaping the industry's future. **Strategic Shifts for Binance** Depending on the outcomes of Zhao's engagements in the U.S., Binance may undergo significant strategic shifts, particularly in its approach to regulatory compliance, operational transparency, and market strategy. These shifts could have far-reaching implications, not only for Binance but for the entire cryptocurrency exchange industry. They could set new standards for regulatory compliance, influence the development of new financial products and services, and shape the future landscape of the global cryptocurrency market. **Conclusion** Changpeng Zhao's unexpected extended stay in the United States represents a critical and potentially transformative moment in Binance's ongoing legal and regulatory saga. It reflects the complex and dynamic nature of cryptocurrency regulation and the necessity for industry leaders to adeptly navigate these challenges. As the crypto community and financial markets watch closely, the decisions and actions taken by Zhao in the coming days and weeks could have far-reaching implications for Binance's future, its position in the global market, and the broader trajectory of the cryptocurrency industry. **FAQs** **What challenges is Binance currently facing?** Binance is grappling with regulatory scrutiny worldwide, particularly concerning anti-money laundering standards and consumer protection laws. This has led to investigations, warnings, and bans in several countries. **How might Zhao's stay in the U.S. impact Binance?** Zhao's extended stay could signal a move towards greater regulatory compliance and cooperation in the U.S., potentially leading to operational changes and enhanced market access for Binance. **What are the potential outcomes of Zhao's U.S. engagements?** Outcomes could range from amicable settlements and compliance agreements to more stringent regulatory actions, depending on the nature of Zhao's discussions with U.S. authorities. **How could this development affect the broader cryptocurrency industry?** Zhao's actions could set a precedent for cryptocurrency exchanges in terms of regulatory compliance and engagement, influencing the global cryptocurrency regulatory landscape. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnews.co](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@croxroadnews](https://www.youtube.com/@croxroadnews)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ fe32298e:20516265

I've been using AI tools to help with coding for a while now, but it's always been copy/pasting into ChatGPT and DeepSeek. Faster iteration is better, and privacy is best. So it's time to figure out how to use these tools integrated into [VSCodium](https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium) and running locally. After a quick review of the most popular extensions I've heard about, I settled on [Tabby](https://github.com/TabbyML/tabby). ## What the heck does this actually DO? * Code completion - like autocomplete suggestions, looks at your code and suggests the next thing to type at the cursor. You can see it in gray text, then press Tab and it's added to your code. * Chat - easily chat with an LLM about your code inside your editor, faster than copy/pasting into a website. * Apparently it can write docs and tests too. ## Can I run it locally? Without a GPU? YES! Tabby is optimized for small models that only need a few GBs of RAM. I'm using a fairly old [System76](https://system76.com/) Galago Pro with Core i5-10210U and 16 GB RAM. The fans spin up, and Tabby sometimes shows a warning about slow response time, but it seems usable. ## How do I get it set up? This is the overview, look for step-by-step instructions at the end of this article. 1. Install the Tabby server, which runs locally. 1. Start the Tabby server and tell it to serve some models which it will download automatically. 1. Log in to the Tabby server web interface and create an admin account. 1. Install the Tabby extension in your editor. 1. Connect the Tabby extension to your Tabby server. ## How do I actually use it? 1. Click **Tabby** in the bottom-right corner to open the Tabby command palette. 1. Select **Chat** to open the Chat pane. Drag it to the right side if you want. 1. Or, *Ctrl-Shift-P* and type "tabby" to see some Tabby commands 1. Select some code and *Ctrl-Shift-P* "tabby" to see more Tabby commands 1. **Explain this** seems like a useful one. Other than that, I don't know! I just started using it today. ## What model should I use? As usual, it depends. If you're using CPU instead of GPU, start with the ones recommended by Tabby and shown in the Step-by-Step below. Tabby has a [registry of models](https://tabby.tabbyml.com/docs/models/) you can choose from, and a [leaderboard](https://leaderboard.tabbyml.com/) to compare them. ## Step-by-Step This is for Ubuntu 24.04, and no GPU. ``` # install pre-reqs sudo apt install build-essential cmake libssl-dev pkg-config sudo apt install protobuf-compiler libopenblas-dev sudo apt install make sqlite3 graphviz # install rust curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh . "$HOME/.cargo/env" # build tabby git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/TabbyML/tabby cd tabby cargo build # run tabby (downloads ~3 GB of models) ./target/debug/tabby serve --model StarCoder-1B --chat-model Qwen2-1.5B-Instruct # browse to http://0.0.0.0:8080 and create an admin user ``` * Install the Tabby extension in your editor. VSCodium had it in the extensions store by searching for "tabby" or try this `ext install TabbyML.vscode-tabby` * *Ctrl-Shift-P* and look for "Tabby: Connect to server" * Use the default of `http://localhost:8080` * Switch over to the Tabby web interface, click your Profile Picture and copy the auth token * Paste that into Tabby somewhere. I'm sure you'll figure it out if you got this far.

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Herbs and spices don't just taste great. Most of the time they're also great for you. - Spicier foods ironically are strongly anti-inflammatory and chronic inflammation is one of the major drivers of poor health - Roots, like turmeric/ginger/garlic/onion, are also strongly anti-inflammatory - Herbs, like parsley and oregano, are super high in vitamins K, C, beta carotene, folate, and others, as well as potassium, manganese, and other minerals. - Seeds, like cumin or coriander, are super mineral dense. - Sea salt (unrefined) has a broad array and excellent balance of minerals. So, what's the health principle? Eat tastier more flavorful food. It's tasty because it's good for us (shut up sugar!). originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/877209

@ 3b7fc823:e194354f

Your phone is not your friend. It is a filthy little snitch that tells anyone who asks where you are, what you are doing, and who you are doing it with. You can obscure and hide some things through the use of privacy respecting software like encrypted communication apps, Tor pathways using Orbot, or the base OS like Graphene but metadata and geolocation is still very loud and very present. It is built into the infrastructure of how cell phones work. Your phone is tracked at all times through every cell tower area you pass through logging your IMEI and by extension your phone number and identity. This data is logged and saved forever by companies who use and sell it for corporate surveillance and post Patriot Act give it to police and government agencies warrantlessly. Fine, I will just turn it off then. Nice try, but unless the battery can be removed it still tracks you. You didn't think it was weird that Find My Phone still works even if the phone was off? Luddites are not off the hook. That dumb phone or flip phone is tracked just the same and since it will not run encrypted communications you are screaming out the content of every call or text and not just the metadata. OK, I will get a burner phone or anonymous SIM card not tied to my identity. Better, but not bulletproof. This is great for use and toss but if you continue to use it multiple times, around other devices that are tied to you or your social network, or take it to your home, work, or any location associated with you then it will be doxxed. Once doxxed all past information associated with it becomes now linked to you. Metadata, Profile, and Network Your network is very easily known and built up over time. Who are the contacts saved in your phone? Who do you interact with? Who do you call, text, email, DM, or follow on social networks? Who do you never contact but your geolocation overlaps with them often. Now look at all those contacts and who they have a network with. A giant spider web of connections. If by 7 degrees of Kevin Bacon you have a shady contact in your network then you may get more scrutiny than you may realize. You are spilling metadata everywhere you go along with your geolocation. Time stamps, who you contacted, how long you talk to them, which app was used when, internet searches, map app searches, etc. People are creatures of habit and over time this metadata builds a pretty good profile on you. Phone becomes active around 7am when they wake up. Scans social media and news sites for usually 30 minutes. Assume they are taking a shower because the phone is on but not being used until 8am most weekdays. Travels to a coffee place on the corner most mornings and then goes to their place of work. Between 9:30 and 10:30 am they again scan social media and news sites for a solid 10 minutes, probably their bathroom schedule. During lunch they frequent these locations with these people. You get the point. This profile, plus your geolocation history, plus your network paints a pretty complete picture on you. Surprisingly it is not what you do but when you do something different that gets attention. There was a big protest last night that we are not happy about. We already have a list of everyone who took their phones with them at that geolocation and timestamp. We run an algorithm looking for simple patterns. John is usually at a restaurant eating with friends during this time but strangely his phone was left at home and turned off during that time frame. Did anyone in his network go to the protest that we have already confirmed? Anyone in his network follow the protest Facebook page, or have a deviation from their usual pattern such as their phone being somewhere dormant when it is usually active during this time? What can you do? You can choose to do nothing. You can just live your life with the awareness that you are being tracked and profiled, maybe work to limit how much metadata you are spilling out to the universe. If you are an activist, an oppressed minority, live in an oppressive regime, or your country suddenly becomes oppressive this might not be an option. Randomize or maintain your profile. This is hard but not impossible. Make your profile and habits so chaotic that any deviation is not a deviation. Most people cannot do this but if you are couch-surfing, going to different places constantly, new friends and new activities on the daily agent of chaos then maybe this is an option. On the opposite extreme maybe you are a very regimented person so be aware of that and always stick to your routine. If you want to go to that protest but are usually home doom scrolling youtube during that time then set your phone to no sleep mode and set up to watch a long playlist of youtube videos left at home while you go to the protest. Home phone only. Maybe you decide to have a home phone only, no not a landline, but an actual smart device that can utilize encrypted communications services but never leaves the house. This could potentially save you a lot of money on data plans, texts, and minutes if you don't buy a network plan and just use VOIP on your home WIFI. Or maybe you have a very minimal network plan and when you leave the house you either take it with you in a Faraday bag or have a secondary device that lives in a Faraday bag that only comes out for emergencies and to check in. Just be aware that the time in and out of the Faraday bag is part of your profile. No Phone. You can have no phone whatsoever. This will not work for most people in the modern age but if you have an extreme risk profile then this might be the extreme option you need. How do you survive with no phone or only a home phone? Just some alternatives and some ideas. You can still buy WIFI only devices that have no network connection and / or stay in airplane mode. Old MP3 players for music and podcasts while on the go. Old phones that you can download maps to for navigation and use VOIP services in WIFI hotspots. Emergency Communication and Go Bag Prepper culture has given us all sorts of bags: bug out bags, get home bags, never coming back bags, and go bags. I define go bags as very small, light weight, and compact bags or kits. They carry very minimal, bare necessary gear, and ideally are so small that you actually have it on you, in your purse or computer satchel or car all of the time. Emergency communication will be part of this. This is when the burner phone, purchased with cash out of town, and stored in a Faraday bag all the time shines. It has no connection to you and has no history of use. It is a have but hope to never use oh shit device. If you are the activist, the whistleblower, the oppressed that they could come after at any time, or the journalist that investigates corruption, organized crime, or terrorism then you need this.

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

***Tree branches. 4' x 4' [Littleton, USA. 2016]*** --- #### Introduction Platte captures a tranquil bend of the South Platte River, where the steady flow of water meets the rugged backdrop of Waterton Canyon. This lens offers a moment of respite, encouraging visitors to step away from the river’s busy recreational activities and focus on the quiet beauty of this secluded scene. #### Site & Placement Positioned on the west bank of the South Platte River, the lens directs attention to the water’s gentle curves and the canyon rising in the background. A bench placed 12 feet away provides the perfect spot for reflection, emphasizing the interplay of movement and stillness in the landscape. #### Impermanence & Integration The lens, constructed from branches and stone, mirrors the ever-changing nature of the river itself. As it stands, it frames a single moment within the flow of time, but its materials will soon be reclaimed by the earth, echoing the river’s constant reshaping of the land. #### Reflection Platte invites viewers to contemplate the river’s journey—its constancy in motion and its quiet persistence. The work becomes a metaphor for life’s flow, urging us to find beauty in the transient and the enduring alike. --- ## Photos        --- #### More from the 'Earth Lens' Series: [Earth Lens Series: Artist Statement + List of Works](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) ["Looking Glass" (Earth Lens 001)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1736304563962/) ["Folsom" (Earth Lens 002)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1737844073125/) ["Sanctuary" (Earth Lens 003)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) [COMING SOON: "Grandfather" (Earth Lens 005)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) [COMING SOON: "Chongming" (Earth Lens 006)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) --- #### More from Hes [Portfolio](https://hesart.npub.pro) [Online Store](https://plebeian.market/community/hes@nostrplebs.com/hesmart-ym3fcufdfz) [Artist Statements](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/art/) [Travel Guides](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/travel/) [Photography](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/photography) [Money](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/money) [Tech](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/tech) --- *All images are credit of Hes, but you are free to download and use for any purpose. If you find joy from my art, please feel free to send a zap. Enjoy life on a Bitcoin standard.*

@ ec42c765:328c0600

test test

@ ec42c765:328c0600

test

@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2025/02/06）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Lumilumi](https://lumilumi.app/) - [Nos Haiku](https://nos-haiku.vercel.app/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qqsuamnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5hsyg8vgtrk2svt8kuusk4l7w5g7j3mhet4xhhthhz52gsyr7jn9rqxqqpsgqqqw48qud6u3s)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2025/02/06） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ 638d2a79:f5645f4e

China was ruled by one ruler, but over time, China split into two—South and North—which had a rivalry between them. At this time, Yang Chien was a general in the army of Northern China. He thought that China should be whole once more, so, like any _insert age here_ year old would do, he attacked the king of the South (for peace!). After a bit of fighting, he overpowered Southern China and took control of all of China. This man founded a dynasty—the Sui Dynasty—to rule and to keep China united. But wait! Rivers made travel difficult between the North and South, so his son created a new river when he became emperor. This canal made it easier to cross the rivers, which greatly improved trade. The people did not like working on this river, and after it was completed, they killed him, making him the second and last emperor of the Sui Dynasty. Cue the new emperor, Li Yuan, AKA "the smart guy." He wanted to stay alive for a long time, and he saw how unhappy people had just killed the last important ruler. So, he decided to invest in keeping people happy instead. This started the Golden Age of China, also called the Tang Dynasty. Tags: [[human behavior index]] ,[[history]]

@ ec42c765:328c0600

てすと nostr:nevent1qqst3uqlls4yr9vys4dza2sgjle3ly37trck7jgdmtr23uuz52usjrqqqnjgr nostr:nevent1qqsdvchy5d27zt3z05rr3q6vvmzgslslxwu0p4dfkvxwhmvxldn9djguvagp2 test てｓ

@ dff95033:862fbf40

Se você achava que o Brasil já tinha atingido o fundo do poço em termos de gestão fiscal, prepare-se para uma surpresa: o poço tem subsolo. O estudo **"Projeções Fiscais e Orçamentárias: O Desafio das Despesas Discricionárias"**, elaborado pela Consultoria de Orçamento e Fiscalização Financeira (Conof) da Câmara dos Deputados, é um retrato nada animador do futuro das contas públicas brasileiras. E, como todo bom retrato de família, é feio, mas é o que temos. ### **O Barco Está Afundando, mas o Capitão Continua no Churrasco** O estudo começa com uma premissa básica: o **Regime Fiscal Sustentável (RFS)**, aquela joia rara da Lei Complementar nº 200/2024, está prestes a naufragar. A ideia era simples: limitar o crescimento das despesas primárias para evitar que o país virasse um **PIB de mentirinha** com uma dívida pública de verdade. Só que, como tudo na República do Brasil, a teoria é linda, mas a prática é uma tragédia. O problema central é o **espaço para despesas discricionárias**, ou melhor, a falta dele. Enquanto as despesas obrigatórias (aqueles gastos que o governo não pode cortar, como aposentadorias e salários) continuam crescendo como erva daninha, o espaço para investimentos em áreas como saúde, educação e infraestrutura está diminuindo mais rápido que copo de um certo pinguço. O estudo projeta que, a partir de 2027, o governo vai ter que escolher entre pagar as estravaJanjas da Alvorada ou investir em hospitais — obviamente a estravaJanja. ### **As Pressões: Quando o Salário Mínimo Vira um Pesadelo** O estudo lista uma série de **pressões** que estão esmagando o orçamento. A primeira delas é o **aumento do salário mínimo**, que, pasmem, não é só uma boa notícia para os trabalhadores. Ele impacta diretamente benefícios como o RGPS, o BPC, o seguro-desemprego e o abono salarial. Em 2025, o salário mínimo subiu de R$ 1.509 para R$ 1.518. Parece pouco, mas quando você multiplica isso por milhões de beneficiários, o resultado é um rombo de R$ 32,8 bilhões. É como se o governo tivesse comprado um apartamento na praia e descobrisse que a taxa de condomínio é em dólar. E não para por aí. O estudo também aponta a necessidade de **suplementações orçamentárias** para programas como o **Auxílio-Gás** e o **Pé-de-Meia**. No caso do Pé-de-Meia, o Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) já deu o veredito: o governo não pode usar recursos de fundos sem autorização orçamentária. Ou seja, o programa que deveria ajudar estudantes do ensino médio agora é mais um furo no bolso do contribuinte. Parabéns, 3 meses de curso de economia valeram a pena, né, Senhor Ministro da Economia! ### **Os Alívios: Um Band-Aid num Ferimento de Bala** Claro, nem tudo está perdido. O estudo aponta algumas fontes de **alívio**, como o aumento do limite de despesa primária do Poder Executivo (R$ 12,4 bilhões) e as economias geradas pelo **pacote fiscal Brasil Mais Forte** (R$ 10,4 bilhões). Mas vamos ser sinceros: isso é como tentar apagar um incêndio florestal com um copo d'água. O pacote fiscal, aliás, é uma piada pronta. Ele promete economias, mas, na prática, é mais um remendo mal costurado em um sistema que já está caindo aos pedaços. O estudo ainda menciona que o pacote foi "excessivamente tímido" em relação à desvinculação de despesas. Traduzindo: o governo mexeu onde não doía e ignorou os problemas reais. Enquanto isso, a **PEC Alternativa**, a qual o estudo menciona, propõe medidas mais robustas como a desindexação de despesas e a limitação de supersalários, continua engatinhando no Congresso. Ou seja, enquanto o Titanic afunda, Brasília está discutindo como as lagostas serão marinadas. ### **O Futuro: Um Cenário de Terror (Sem Pipoca)** As projeções para o período de 2025 a 2034 são de cortar o coração — ou o bolso, dependendo de quem está lendo. O estudo mostra que, a partir de 2027, o espaço para despesas discricionárias vai encolher tanto que o governo vai ter que escolher entre pagar os funcionários públicos ou manter os hospitais abertos — Olá Correios! Ou, se der bobeira, nenhum dos dois. O piso de investimentos de 0,6% do PIB, que já é baixo, vai consumir boa parte do pouco espaço que resta. E o pior: o estudo alerta para o risco de um **"desligamento" (shutdown)** da máquina pública. Sim, aquela coisa que acontece nos EUA quando o Congresso não aprova o orçamento. Só que, no Brasil, o shutdown não vai ser por falta de acordo, mas por falta de dinheiro mesmo. Imagine o caos: escolas fechadas, hospitais sem médicos, e o Congresso ainda tentando aprovar um aumento de salário para os parlamentares. Dívida pública brasileira, então? Vixe, vai ser uma explosão nuclear. Anota aí: vai entrar pra história. ### **Conclusão: O Brasil Precisa de um Milagre (ou de um Novo Governo)** O estudo da Conof é um alerta vermelho para o país. Sem medidas estruturais sérias, o Brasil vai continuar navegando em águas turbulentas, com um barco cheio de furos e um capitão que insiste em ignorar o iceberg à frente. A **PEC Alternativa** é uma luz no fim do túnel, mas, como tudo no Brasil, depende da vontade política de quem está no poder. E, convenhamos, vontade política é algo que anda em falta por aqui. Enquanto isso, o contribuinte continua pagando a conta de um sistema que parece ter sido projetado para falir. O estudo termina com uma mensagem clara: **ou o país faz reformas profundas, ou o futuro será uma sucessão de crises fiscais**. E, no ritmo em que as coisas estão indo, o futuro já começou. Então, se você ainda acredita que o Brasil vai recuperar-se, talvez seja hora de repensar. Ou, pelo menos, garantir que você tem um bom fundo e, em alguns casos, seguro de vida — porque o barco está afundando, e nem todos vão conseguir um lugar no bote. --- E por falar em reformas, minha preferência pessoal vai para a PEC 7/2020, uma proposta que considero mais salubre e alinhada com as necessidades estruturais do país. A PEC 7/2020 traz medidas robustas para conter o crescimento dos gastos públicos, com foco na desvinculação de despesas e na revisão de benefícios fiscais, além de propor uma reforma administrativa que promove maior eficiência e transparência na gestão pública. Se você se preocupa com o futuro fiscal do Brasil e acredita que é possível fazer mais com menos, convido você a conhecer a PEC 7/2020 e entender por que ela pode ser a chave para um orçamento público mais sustentável. Afinal, reformas profundas exigem propostas ousadas — e a PEC 7/2020 é exatamente isso. --- ### REFERÊNCIAS CÂMARA DOS DEPUTADOS. Consultoria de Orçamento e Fiscalização Financeira. **Projeções fiscais e orçamentárias: o desafio das despesas discricionárias**. Brasília, 2025. Disponível em: <https://www2.camara.leg.br/orcamento-da-uniao/estudos/2025/ET_042025_0204Projeesfiscaiseoramentriasodesafiodasdespesasdiscricionrias.pdf>. Acesso em: 05 de fev. 2025 BRAGANÇA, Luiz Orléans e. **Reforma e alinhamento tributário: a opção pelo progresso**. 2023. Disponível em: <https://lpbraganca.com.br/reforma-alinhamento-tributario-opcao-progresso/>. Acesso em: 05 de fev. 2025

@ df478568:2a951e67

In the Case For A 100 Percent Gold Dollar, Murray Rothbard argues, “the debacle of 1931-1933, when the world abandoned the gold standard, was not a sudden shift from gold weight to paper name; it was the last step in a lenghty, complex process.” He said that before WWI, a dollar was defined as aproximately 1/20th of an ounce of gold.” If it worked, a dollar would buy about as much as $143 does today, but it didn't work. Gold ownership was banned until Executive Order 6102 was lifted in the 1970's. According to Rothbard, France sent a battleship to the United States to repatriate its gold. Then, Nixon took the dollar "temporarily" off the gold standard in 1971. It just so happened I listened to a podcast after I started writing this. Joseph Voelnel tells the story in this podcast. https://fountain.fm/episode/mXreHZ2um0RnxaHsWMfe I paid for the transcript using bitcoin on the lightning network using a podcasting 2.0 app named Fountain. Try it out. You can earn small amount of bitcoin just for listening. It is not self-custodial, but it's a great way to get started if you're curious. If you're not curious, you probably won't like bitcoin.  The US government debased gold and made it 41% after issuing Executive Order 6102. Nixon took the dollar completely off the gold standard in 1971. The dollar is still a fiat currency, backed by nothing but "good faith and credit of the United States." That's basically nothing. You might as well say the US dollar is backed by good vibes. Do you think the US can pay 36 trillion bucks back with good vibes? I do not. **Gold will not fix this**. If the US went back to the gold standard, we would need to trust the good vibes of Fort Knox, but anyone in their right mind would not trust these good vibes. *"The root problem with conventional currency is all the trust that's required to make it work. The central bank must be trusted not to debase the currency, but the history of fiat currencies is full of breaches of that trust."* **Satoshi Nakamoto, P2P Foundation thread.** Even if we self-custody gold again, metal does not prevent debasement. Here's one of my favorite quotes from Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations: *"There was a third event which occurred in the course of the same period, and which, though it could not occasion any scarcity of corn, nor, perhaps, in the real quantity of silver which was usually paid for it, must necessarily have occasioned some augmentation in the nominal sum. This event was the great debasement of the silver coin, by clipping and wearing. This evil had begun in the reign of Charles II. and had gone on continually increasing till 1695; at which time, as we may learn from Mr Lowndes, the current silver coin was, at an average, near five-and-twenty percent. Below its standard value."* Monetary debasement is not a new phenomenon. The double-spending problem has been around for hundreds of years. In my opinion, bitcoin is the best shot humankind has of solving the double spending problem. *"A purely peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online payments to be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution. Digital signatures provide part of the solution, but the main benefits are lost if a trusted third party is still required to prevent double-spending."* **Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-To-Peer Electronic Cash System** To steel-man the case against bitcoin, I would say the biggest issue is how many people prefer to use a trusted third party to custody their bitcoin. That’s why education is important. In principle, I think we should keep 100% custody of our bitcoin. In practice, I do keep some of my sats in a custodial wallet to pay bills. I working on this, but I need to open up a fatter lightning channel and set up auto-payments to my Strike wallet. That’s my goal, but I need to I want to make sure I don’t rug myself first so I am testing it out with smaller amounts first. It is possible, it just takes time to learn how to do it safely. I still think bitcoin is our best shot against centuries of monetary debasement. npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0 [882,461](https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/00000000000000000000511b272a9da9ff27c70afa16bd96ccb71121ee7197f1) [Merch](https://marc26z.com/merch/)

@ 8d5ba92c:c6c3ecd5

**There I was, minding my own business at the airport (i.e., arranging the list of Bitcoin/Freedom podcasts for the next seven hours of flight), when I came across a scene that could have been ripped straight from a show about the decline of civilization. Heart-wrenching. Shocking. Dystopian. To put it simply, what the f*ck?!** ## Prologue. A family of five, including two early-school kids (let’s call them 'Timmy' and 'Amy', around 5 and 7 years old), a father who looked like he’d given up on life, and a perfect mother multitasking like a pro—breastfeeding a baby while chowing down on a Big Mac. Oh yeah, the whole family was happily consuming their McDonald’s junk as if it was their daily ritual. Watching little kids eat that stuff? A mix of anger and sadness. But seeing a breastfeeding mother give her newborn absolute garbage? The scene I can’t forget. She also washed it all down with some fizzy, sugary, chemical-laden sludge later on. Still, while breastfeeding. Because, you know, nothing screams nourishment like a steady diet of artificial stuff. Best to get them hooked in the first few months, right? ## Act One: The Mother’s Masterpiece. A modern-day Madonna, cradling her infant while balancing junk food’s finest. The baby, blissfully unaware of the nutritional betrayal unfolding in real-time, probably wasn’t even dreaming of normal food that might one day help it grow into a healthy being. Seeing this scene, knowing all the options available at the airport—many much more reasonable than this crap—and watching the family enjoy their 'sacred food', I’m almost certain this little one had been getting a side of heavily processed rubbish long before it even left the womb... Rave: A standing ovation for conscious parenting. ## Act Two: Innocent Contribution. Just when I thought the scene couldn’t get worse, little “Timmy” decided to play bartender. With the enthusiasm of a child clearly raised on a steady diet of Big Macs and Coca-Cola (or whatever other delicacies were on offer), he extended his cup to his tiny brother or sister. The devoted mother, of course, helped him guide the straw to the baby’s mouth. *“Drink, little one! Drink not just from my body, but directly from the cup. Drink this (crap) with us!”* Why not? If McDonald’s was good enough for everyone in the family, surely it was good enough for the baby sibling, right? They all looked almost proud of Timmy’s little “sharing is caring” moment. Meanwhile, my heart shattered into a million pieces, each one screaming, *“Seriously?! Should I interfere? How would they react?”* I was close enough to keep taking photos, staring at them with my mouth probably hanging open, horror written all over my face. The mother met my gaze once—cold, unreadable. No 'leave us alone.' No 'it’s our business.' No 'what's wrong, tell us.' Just... nothing. My husband, noticing my growing frustration and sensing I was about to step in, whispered, *“Let it go. You won’t save them in 10 minutes at the airport.”* Maybe he was right. But I’ll be thinking about it for a long time… ## Act Three: A Recipe for Regret. It was as if the parents had collectively agreed that their bodies were nothing more than human garbage bins, and their children were just smaller versions of the same. Let’s be clear: adults can do whatever they want with their health. If you want to treat your body like a landfill, go ahead—it’s your funeral (literally). But when you drag your kids into it, it’s no longer a personal choice. It’s more like a crime. These children didn’t sign up for a life of artificial flavors, empty calories, and a future riddled with health problems. They deserve better. And if you’re reading this thinking, *‘What’s the big deal?’*—let's talk. My brain is on the verge of exploding, trying to understand how anyone could actively contribute to the slow, painful destruction of the people they (presumably) love. You should love and respect your own body, and even more so the lives of your kids. What could possibly justify feeding your family McDonald's if it’s not the very last option you have on earth to survive? Please, help me understand why! ## Epilogue: The Aftertaste. As I stepped into the boarding line, I couldn’t shake the thought: Is this really where we are now? A world where care and nutritional awareness no longer exist. Where junk food became a family tradition. Where children are raised on a cocktail of chemicals when better options are right there! **To the McDonald’s family at the airport—and anyone on their way to becoming one: Not sure if you enjoyed your meal. If you did, I wish you luck. You’ll need it.** https://i.nostr.build/e8f3h9iuDNQbtmaF.png **And please, maybe—just maybe—consider giving your kids a chance. They deserve more than a trash life packed with chemicals in a paper bag.** ---- BTC Your Mind. Let it ₿eat. Şelale

@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2025/02/06）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Lumilumi](https://lumilumi.app/) - [Nos Haiku](https://nos-haiku.vercel.app/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qq3uamnwvaz7tmwdaehgun2vykkkctjdyhxset8w4ex7tnrdakj7q3qa3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqxpqqqp65uhjtrk6)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2025/02/06） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ 21ffd29c:518a8ff5

The concept of "Sovereigns: The Power of Your Thoughts - Navigating the Journey from Awareness to Creation" can be beautifully integrated with the empowering strength of strong masculine energy. This synergy combines personal empowerment with a sense of assertiveness and confidence, guiding individuals toward their desired reality. 1. **Understanding Sovereignty**: Sovereignty in this context refers to the ability to shape one's life and reality through thought. It emphasizes personal control over external circumstances by influencing inner beliefs and perceptions. 2. **Strong Masculine Energy**: This energy is characterized by assertiveness, confidence, power, and a sense of leadership. It aligns with traits like courage, determination, and self-assurance. In the context of empowerment, it encourages individuals to take charge of their lives with strength and clarity. 3. **Integration of Concepts**: - Personify sovereignty as a strong, authoritative figure who guides personal growth by helping others master their thoughts and create their reality. - Emphasize the role of masculine energy in cultivating assertiveness, confidence, and leadership qualities that empower individuals to align their thoughts with their desires. 4. **Practical Steps**: - **Mindfulness**: Practice observing thoughts and actions with clarity and calmness, fostering a state of present awareness. - **Affirmations**: Use positive statements to reinforce self-confidence and shift belief systems towards empowerment. - **Visualization**: Imagine desired outcomes and focus on actionable steps to achieve them, embodying the courage and determination associated with masculine energy. - **Seeking Guidance**: Engage mentors or coaches who can provide support and clarity, reinforcing leadership qualities and assertiveness. 5. **Benefits**: - Empowerment: Gain control over your life's direction and outcomes through mindful thought manipulation. - Clarity & Focus: Achieve a clear vision of goals and paths towards them with confidence and determination. - Confidence & Success: Build self-assurance from aligning actions with inner strength and assertiveness. - Fulfillment & Peace: Experience inner satisfaction from creating a life that resonates with personal values and energy. 6. **Addressing Concerns**: - Clarify that while beliefs influence perception, true transformation requires consistent effort and awareness of one's inner strength. - Emphasize that thoughts can shape reality positively when aligned with assertiveness and confidence. 7. **Conclusion**: Empower yourself today to shape an extraordinary future by understanding the power of your thoughts as a tool for personal growth. Cultivate strong masculine energy through mindfulness, affirmations, visualization, and leadership qualities, guiding yourself toward a life aligned with your inner strength and determination. By merging the concepts of sovereignty and strong masculine energy, we create a powerful framework that not only empowers individuals but also encourages them to lead lives that reflect their inner confidence and assertiveness.

@ d4457110:c7dec82b

 > ¡Puede construir un dispositivo de firma de transacciones de Bitcoin con espacio de aire (AirGap) fuera de línea a partir de componentes comunes faciles de enconrar listos para usar! ## ¿Que es SeedSigner? En simples palabras SeedSiner es un dispositivo de firma bitcoin Cree su propio Seedsigner y firme transacciones en Bitcoin sin comprometer la seguridad y privacidad. La mayoría de personas en Bitcoin respetan y valoran lo que puede hacer este aparato, pues suele verse como una navaja suiza para administrar nuestros Bitcoins y no es para menos, Veamos que puede hacer. ### ¿Que hace SeedSigner? Los usuarios de Bitcoin generalmente construyen y usan un SeedSigner por las mismas razones que construyen y usan un nodo completo mayor privacidad, menos confianza, mayor seguridad - Calcula la palabra 12/24 de una frase semilla BIP39 - Crea una frase semilla BIP39 usando tiradas de dados D6 - Crea una frase semilla BIP39 con entropía a partir de una foto digital - Interfaz guiada para crear manualmente un SeedQR para almacenamiento/entrada ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1-PqTNx1vc)) - Compatibilidad con frase de contraseña/palabra 13/25 BIP39 - Generación nativa Segwit Multisig XPUB con pantalla QR - Escanea y analiza datos de transacciones de códigos QR animados - Firme transacciones y transfiera datos XPUB usando códigos QR animados ([video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LPqvdQ2gSzs)) - Configura los ajustes de usuario con persistencia (opcional) - Soporte para Bitcoin Mainnet, Testnet y Regtest - Derivar frases semilla BIP85 secundarias indexadas ## Tres usos imprtantes - Crea claves privadas seguras de forma minimizada - Genere claves públicas extendidas utilizadas durante la configuración inicial de la billetera - Firme transacciones de forma segura a través de conjuntos de códigos QR animados ## Ventajas - La operación en aislamiento (sin USB/WiFi/Bluetooth) reduce drásticamente los vectores de ataque - El bajo costo de construcción hace que el dispositivo sea accesible para más personas en más partes del mundo - La apatridia hace factible el uso de SeedSigner con múltiples semillas y/o múltiples billeteras - La arquitectura de software completamente FOSS subyacente hace posible la creación independiente desde el origen - El uso de hardware no específico de bitcoin puede mejorar en gran medida la privacidad del usuario ## ¿Que necesitas? - Una computadora - Raspberry [Pi Zero](https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-zero/), versión 1.3 (recomendable pero agotada en las tiendas) SeedSigner es compatible con los modelos alternativos W/WH/2W y Raspberry Pi 2/3/4 vea la disponibilidad de Raspberrys en stock en [rpilocator.com](https://rpilocator.com/), si ha elegido alguna de estas opciones alternativas es importante [deshabilitar Wifi/Bluetooth por hardware](https://estudiobitcoin.com/deshabilitar-wifi-y-bluetooth-de-raspberry-pi/) mi recomendación seria ir por la Raspberry Pi Zero 2 WH con Headers, solo tomara unos minutos hacerlo. Proceso en [video](https://video.twimg.com/amplify_video/1616914307140165635/vid/750x640/sTZKr1mknSnGfy0g.mp4?tag=16) - Pantalla/controles [Waveshare](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/1.3inch_LCD_HAT) de 1,3” 240x240 links de compra [Wavesshare](https://www.waveshare.com/1.3inch-lcd-hat.htm), [Amazon](https://www.amazon.es/Waveshare-Raspberry-1-3inch-Controller-Communicating/dp/B07FJQHVW8/ref=sr_1_1?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&dchild=1&keywords=waveshare+1.3+lcd+240&qid=1619896551&sr=8-1), [AliExpress](https://a.aliexpress.com/_ExMQg1d) - Cámara compatible con Raspberry Pi (con un cable compatible con Zero) links de compra AliExpress [1](https://a.aliexpress.com/_Ezu0y7t) - [2](https://es.aliexpress.com/item/32788881215.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.982b1d4erfbWZD&algo_pvid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964&algo_expid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964-14&btsid=0bb0622a16198966649122634ee890&ws_ab_test=searchweb0_0,searchweb201602_,searchweb201603_) - [3](https://es.aliexpress.com/item/32522482332.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.982b1d4erfbWZD&algo_pvid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964&algo_expid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964-13&btsid=0bb0622a16198966649122634ee890&ws_ab_test=searchweb0_0,searchweb201602_,searchweb201603_) - [4](https://es.aliexpress.com/item/1005002264527015.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.982b1d4erfbWZD&algo_pvid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964&algo_expid=ad394e40-b1fc-4f58-a3b8-717fb6ae5964-27&btsid=0bb0622a16198966649122634ee890&ws_ab_test=searchweb0_0,searchweb201602_,searchweb201603_) - MicroSD (minimo 4GB) con adaptador SD para conectar a la computadora y grabar la imagen, link de compra [Amazon](https://www.amazon.es/SanDisk-Tarjeta-microSDXC-Adaptador-Rendimiento/dp/B08HYFMVV6/ref=sr_1_14?__mk_es_ES=%C3%85M%C3%85%C5%BD%C3%95%C3%91&dchild=1&keywords=micro%2Bsd&qid=1619899692&sr=8-14&th=1) - Powerbank con cable MicroUSB o cargador de RaspberryPi, es importante resaltar que si decide usar una powerbank asegurese que esta tenga un modo de bajo consumo - Impresora 3D (opcional) si no dispone de una compre un case para su SeedSigner [1](https://www.gobrrr.me/) - [2](https://robotechy.com/) - [3](https://diynodes.com/) - [4](https://anchorhodl.com/shop) - [5](https://btc-hardware-solutions.square.site/) - [6](https://www.lazada.com.ph/products/open-pill-seedsigner-enclosure-i2659416132-s13057065016.html) - [7](https://stackbit.me/categoria-produto/cases/) > Quiero saltarme todo el proceso de armado y de comprar materiales, quiero un [SeedSigner ya!](https://btc-hardware-solutions.square.site/) ## Empecemos  1. Descargar la [imagen correspondiente](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner/releases/tag/0.6.0) al hardare de Raspberry Pi 2. Grabar la imagen en la microSD use [Rufus](https://rufus.ie/es/) para windows y [BalenaEtcher](https://etcher.balena.io/) para MacOS 3. **Ensamblado** - Conectar la placa con los pines GPIO (omitir esta parte si estos ya vienen soldados) - Encajar los pines GPIO con la pantalla Waveshare 4. Inserte la SD 5. Poner en un case. Hay varios diseños que puede descargar para imprimir - [Open Pill](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner/tree/main/enclosures/open_pill) - [Orange Pill](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner/tree/main/enclosures/orange_pill) - [Simple Pill](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner/tree/main/enclosures/orange_pill) - [Lill Pill](https://cults3d.com/en/3d-model/gadget/lil-pill-seedsigner-case) - [OrangeSurf Case](https://github.com/orangesurf/orangesurf-seedsigner-case) - [PS4 Seedsigner](https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:5363525) - [OpenPill Faceplate](https://www.printables.com/en/model/179924-seedsigner-open-pill-cover-plates-digital-cross-jo) - [Waveshare Coverplate](https://cults3d.com/en/3d-model/various/seedsigner-coverplate-for-waveshare-1-3-inch-lcd-hat-with-240x240-pixel-display) 6. Guarde sus semillas y SeedQR ([plantillas,](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner#seedqr-printable-templates) preferiblemente metal) Si tiene dudas preguntas o aportes vaya a su [Github](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner), [Telegram](https://t.me/joinchat/GHNuc_nhNQjLPWsS) ## Referencias > Sitios con las que me apoye para hacer este proyecto Puede seguir estas guias de instrucciones con mucho mas detalle - [Estudio Bitcoin](https://estudiobitcoin.com/seedsigner-que-es-y-guia-de-montaje/) por [Lunaticoin](https://twitter.com/lunaticoin) - [Desobediente Tecnologico](https://github.com/DesobedienteTecnologico/rpi_disable_wifi_and_bt_by_hardware)

@ a367f9eb:0633efea

When a consumer has an account at their bank or another financial service closed on them, it’s a maddening experience. These notices usually appear seemingly out of the blue, giving the customer just a few weeks to empty their funds from the account to move them elsewhere. Sometimes, it’s because of fraudulent activity or suspicious transactions. It may also be because of a higher risk profile for customer, including those who often pay their bills late or let their account go negative too many times. These customers will necessarily be categorized as much riskier to the bank’s operations and more liable to have their accounts closed. But what if accounts are shut down not because of any true financial risk, but because the banks believe their customers are a *regulatory* risk? Perhaps you buy and sell cryptocurrencies, partake in sports betting, or own and operate a cannabis dispensary in a state where it’s legal? While each of these categories of financial transactions are not suspicious nor illegal in themselves, they increase the scrutiny that regulators will place on banks that take on such customers. While any reasonable standard of risk management applied to banking will discriminate against accounts that rack up fees or clearly participate in fraud, the notion of inherent risk due to regulatory punishment doled out to banks is a separate and concerning issue. As Cato Institute Policy Analyst Nick Anthony [rightly sketches out](https://www.cato.org/blog/two-types-debanking-operational-governmental), this creates a dichotomy between what he deems “operational” debanking and “governmental” debanking, where the former is based on actual risk of default or fraud while the latter is due only to regulatory risk from government institutions and regulators. **The Bank Secrecy Act and Weaponization** The law that creates these mandates and imposes additional liabilities on banks is called the **Bank Secrecy Act,** originally signed into law in 1970. Though banking regulation has existed in some form throughout the 19th and [20th centuries](https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/fedreg/fr010/fr010111/fr010111.pdf), the BSA imposed new obligations on financial institutions, mandating **Know Your Customer** and **Anti-Money Laundering** programs to fully identify bank customers and surveil their transactions to detect any potentially illegal behavior. Without any requirements for warrants or judicial orders, banks are forced to report the “suspicious” transactions of their customers directly to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), what is called a “Suspicious Activity Report”. The grounds for filing this could be anything from the name of the recipient, whether the amount is over $10,000, or perhaps even any note or description in the bank transfer that may allude to some criminal activity. If the banks do not file this pre-emptively, they could be on the hook for massive penalties from regulators. As the House Weaponization Subcommittee [revealed](https://judiciary.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/republicans-judiciary.house.gov/files/2024-12/2024-12-05-Financial-Surveillance-in-the-United-States.pdf) in one of its final reports, the Bank Secrecy Act and SARs were ramped up specifically to target political conservatives, MAGA supporters, and gun owners.  The consequences of the BSA and its imposed surveillance have reaped unintended havoc on millions of ordinary Americans. This is especially true for those who have undergone “debanking”. Many Bitcoin and cryptocurrency entrepreneurs, for example, have been debanked on the [sole grounds](https://www.axios.com/2024/12/01/debanked-crypto-andreessen-joe-rogan) of being involved in the virtual currency industry, while millions of others have been swept up in the dragnet of the BSA and financial regulators forcibly deputizing banks to cut off customers, often without explanation.  According to FinCEN guidance, financial institutions are [compelled](https://www.fincen.gov/resources/advisories/fincen-advisory-fin-2010-a014) to keep suspicious activity reports confidential, even from customers, or face criminal penalties. This just makes the problems worse. **Further reading** The [excellent research](https://www.cato.org/policy-analysis/revising-bank-secrecy-act-protect-privacy-deter-criminals) by the team at the Cato Institute’s Center for Monetary and Financial Alternatives provides reams of data on these points. As put by Cato’s **Norbert Michel**, “People get wrapped up in BSA surveillance for simply spending their own money”. My colleagues and I have written [extensively](https://consumerchoicecenter.org/de-banking-is-an-avoidable-consequence-of-strict-financial-regulation/) about why we need reforms to undue the financial surveillance regime that only accelerates debanking of Americans. It’s even worse for those who are interested in the innovative world of Bitcoin and its crypto-offspring as [I explain here](https://www.btcpolicy.org/articles/downgrading-the-bank-secrecy-act-is-a-powerful-reform-for-bitcoin). It’s one reason why the [Consumer Choice Center supports the **Saving Privacy Act**](https://consumerchoicecenter.org/reform-the-bank-secrecy-act-to-better-protect-consumer-financial-privacy/) introduced by Sens. Mike Lee and Rick Scott, which would vastly reform the Bank Secrecy Act to remove the pernicious and faulty Suspicious Activity Report system. As the Senate Banking Committee [holds a hearing](https://www.banking.senate.gov/newsroom/majority/scott-announces-witnesses-for-debanking-hearing) on debanking in February 2025, we hope they will zero-in on the issue of excessive financial surveillance required by financial regulators and the harmful and likely unconstitutional impact of the **Bank Secrecy Act**. With renewed interest and motivation, American leaders can reform these rules to ensure that our financial privacy and freedom to transact are restored and upheld.

@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2024/02/05）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qq3uamnwvaz7tmwdaehgun2vykkkctjdyhxset8w4ex7tnrdakj7q3qa3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqxpqqqp65uhjtrk6)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2024/06/30） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ eee391ee:8d0b97c2

## Amber 3.2.1 - Add some details when signing a contact list - Refactor check for logged in account - After granting notification permissions show the notification Download it with [zap.store]( https://zapstore.dev/download), [Obtainium]( https://github.com/ImranR98/Obtainium), [f-droid]( https://f-droid.org/packages/com.greenart7c3.nostrsigner) or download it directly in the [releases page]( https://github.com/greenart7c3/Amber/releases/tag/v3.2.1) If you like my work consider making a [donation]( https://greenart7c3.com) ## Verifying the release In order to verify the release, you'll need to have `gpg` or `gpg2` installed on your system. Once you've obtained a copy (and hopefully verified that as well), you'll first need to import the keys that have signed this release if you haven't done so already: ``` bash gpg --keyserver hkps://keys.openpgp.org --recv-keys 44F0AAEB77F373747E3D5444885822EED3A26A6D ``` Once you have his PGP key you can verify the release (assuming `manifest-v3.2.1.txt` and `manifest-v3.2.1.txt.sig` are in the current directory) with: ``` bash gpg --verify manifest-v3.2.1.txt.sig manifest-v3.2.1.txt ``` You should see the following if the verification was successful: ``` bash gpg: Signature made Fri 13 Sep 2024 08:06:52 AM -03 gpg: using RSA key 44F0AAEB77F373747E3D5444885822EED3A26A6D gpg: Good signature from "greenart7c3 <greenart7c3@proton.me>" ``` That will verify the signature on the main manifest page which ensures integrity and authenticity of the binaries you've downloaded locally. Next, depending on your operating system you should then re-calculate the sha256 sum of the binary, and compare that with the following hashes: ``` bash cat manifest-v3.2.1.txt ``` One can use the `shasum -a 256 <file name here>` tool in order to re-compute the `sha256` hash of the target binary for your operating system. The produced hash should be compared with the hashes listed above and they should match exactly.

@ ed60dae0:cc3d5108

I'm a student. I study Bitcoin and markets. I am not a financial advisor, hold no licenses or registrations, and am not qualified to give advice on anything. Talk to your financial advisor. Do your own research. I get things wrong. If I ever list predictions about the future, note that I will likely get them (partially) wrong. I often own positions in the names I discuss in my posts. None of this is ever a solicitation to buy or sell securities. It is simply a look into my personal opinions and portfolio. These positions may change immediately after I publish a piece, with or without notice. You are on your own. Do not make decisions based on my posts. ## Use of The First Bastion Use of The First Bastion (TFB) is at your own risk. In no event shall TFB or any affiliated party be liable for any direct or indirect trading losses caused by any information posted by TFB. You agree to conduct your own research and due diligence and consult your own financial, legal, and tax advisors before making any investment decision regarding securities mentioned herein. As of the publication date of any content by TFB, you should assume that TFB (possibly along with members, partners, affiliates, employees, and/or consultants) and our clients and/or investors hold positions, long or short, in all stocks and assets (and/or options of the stocks or assets) covered. We may stand to realize significant gains if the price of any stock or asset covered herein moves in our favor. Following the publication of any material on this site or other TFB social media platforms, I may continue transacting in the securities discussed and may be long, short, or neutral at any time thereafter, regardless of prior recommendations, conclusions, or opinions. This is not an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security, nor shall any security be offered or sold in any jurisdiction where such an offer would be unlawful under the securities laws of that jurisdiction. To the best of my ability and belief, all information contained herein is accurate and reliable, obtained from public sources I believe to be accurate and reliable, and not from insiders or individuals connected to the stock or asset discussed who may owe fiduciary or confidentiality obligations. However, all information is presented "as is," without any warranty—express or implied. TFB makes no representation regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of any information provided or the results that may be obtained from its use. All expressions of opinion are subject to change without notice, and TFB does not undertake to update or supplement this site, my social media, or any of the information contained herein.

@ fa7153ef:1de1cf78

"Things usually don't pan out the way you want them to." It's not really a quote, probably someone said it at some point, but I just wanted to have it at the beginning. My thought process while sitting here is going as - I haven''t written anything for close to 6 months, I need to refer to that fact, and say something about it. I know, things don't usually work out, and wanting to write once a week turned to be no writing for 6 months. Tough luck I don't really have a good explanation for this. Last post was from end of August 2024. I wouldn't say a lot of things happened in the meantime (especially not a lot that would make me not have time to sit down and write something). People always ask "How have you been?", "Anything happened to you lately?", and my answer is usually - "Nothing special", "Nothing new", "Same old".. (that's probably why I'm not good in conversations with people). But a lot of things have happened, it's just that I feel none of my stories would be interesting to people, or things I find fascinating would just bore everyone. So I usually keep quiet. This is strange, really, since a lot of things that people talk to me about, I don't really care for. But those are their interests, and what are friends for, than to listen to each other? I may be wrong with this one, since writing these words was hard - and I don't really believe in them. It requires some additional thought. I've always considered myself to be good at spotting when people are uncomfortable, or bored with something (or someone) - like George form Seinfeld. It's likely that I've caught on to people being that way in my presence, so I stopped sharing a lot. Who the heck knows, it's hard being your own psychiatrist, so I won't be one. I'm here to write things. Since we're on the topic of what happened in the past 6 months, I'd really need to think about everything, and even though you're reading this quickly, a lot of pause has been made when composing this list (I'm going at it one by one, and really trying to remember): - I met with my old university friends - haven't seen them in 3 years - visited my sister in another country, and hung out with my little nephew - had a PR in my squats (50kg) - it's a topic for a different day, but it's a big thing for me, I'm very proud of it. - I'm working on my spiritual side - trying to get closer to God by reading scripture, praying, and listening to various sermons (which is also a good topic - to share my experiences here) - I'm following semen retention, it's been a whole year recently. Being single helps, but I won't go into details of it now - I bought a small 25-key keyboard, and I'm learning playing on it (trying to transfer as much as I can from the guitar experience) - I feel like anxiety, and fears which have been overwhelming my whole life, have died down a bit. I can still feel them, and when days are bad, so are they, but there have been a lot of good days. Causes for this are numerous, but again, a topic for another time - I've kept my job - I've started buying Bitcoin again - I was so "down and out" that even the thought of re-activating my accounts on exchanges was a no-go, but somehow I managed to do it, and am becoming increasingly richer in sats, on a daily basis - I've been going out more - hanging out with people, and socializing - I'm noticing a substantial increase of this kind of behaviour. I'm not really meeting new people, mostly stick to the ones I already know (which is not a lot) - I've visited my lifelong friend in another country again, and have a feeling we've rekindled the friendship. It's been a rough time for both of us, and even though we met here and there, at times it felt to be more of a chore. Now, I feel things have changed a bit, and I like it. - I'm still living with my parents. I don't hate it, it's just something I do. There are strange comments, and I guess people find it curious, but it is what it is. - I have a much better relation with my father. We've always had an OK relation. He's also a reserved person - I'm not sure of the term and google isn't helping. Likes to keep to himself mostly. We've found some common topics to discuss, and I've been enjoying it. He seems to like it as well. It mostly revolves around football, and watching games together. - even though I've been sick for the past couple of weeks, my health in general is good. I'm not totally happy with the situation I'm in, but it's still miles ahead of what it has been just a year or two ago - Some plans have been popping up in my head - after a long time, I have some things I'd like to do. It usually takes a long time to actually do them, but even the thought of wanting something new and different is refreshing, and I'll take it. I don't know.. There probably are a lot of other things - I mean, there certainly are more private thoughts I've been thinking about - love, romance, romantic partners, God, inner peace, lust, fears, music, family, future.. But I'm not willing to share those yet. I've finished the Bible last year - by doing daily readings of 10-15 minutes via an app. I've restarted it this year, and going through it again. Also, I'M noticing that a lot of these sentences start with "I've done this", "I've done that", "I'm this" or "I'm that" - it's understandable, with this being sort-of a personal writing journey, but somehow it's not sitting well with me to have most of the sentences being this way. I'll keep that in mind for next time. ^^

@ 638d2a79:f5645f4e

When doing division with two-digit dividends, round up to the nearest tens place if the number ends in 6-9. **Example:** 200÷29200 \div 29200÷29 can be approximated as 200÷30200 \div 30200÷30, which simplifies to 20÷320 \div 320÷3. Also, zeros cancel out in division. **Example:** 20000÷70020000 \div 70020000÷700 can be simplified to 200÷7200 \div 7200÷7, which gives the same answer. ### Multiplication Rule: When doing multiplication, do not write out all of the zeros. **Example:** For 90×290 \times 290×2, you don’t need to write out “00” at the start. Just do 9×29 \times 29×2 and add the zero later. ### Division with Two-Digit Divisors: If the second digit of the divisor is between 1-5, only divide the first digit by the first digit. **Example:** 5124÷215124 \div 215124÷21 can be solved as follows: 1. Approximate: 5÷2=25 \div 2 = 25÷2=2 (write 2 as the first digit). 2. 21×2=4221 \times 2 = 4221×2=42, subtract to get 92. 3. 9÷2≈49 \div 2 \approx 49÷2≈4, so 21×4=8421 \times 4 = 8421×4=84, subtract to get 8. 4. Bring down the 4 to make 84, which we already know is 21×421 \times 421×4. 5. Final answer: **244**. ![[Recording 20250122112454.m4a]] ### Converting a Remainder into a Decimal: To turn a remainder into a decimal, divide the remainder by the divisor. 6. Add a zero to the end of your remainder and divide normally. 7. The quotient becomes the decimal value. **Example:** 32÷10032 \div 10032÷100 → Rewrite as 320÷100320 \div 100320÷100. - 100 goes into 320 three times (3). - Bring down a zero → 30. - Add another zero → 300 → 100 goes in three times (3). - Final answer: **0.32**. If one of the numbers is smaller, like in 880÷22880 \div 22880÷22, where 22 doesn’t go into 0: - Instead, check how many times **0.22** goes into **88**. The answer is **4**. - 22 goes into 0, 0 times. - So, 880÷22=40880 \div 22 = 40880÷22=40. ### Division with Three-Digit Numbers: Use the same method as with two-digit divisors. **Example:** 100,492÷518100,492 \div 518100,492÷518 - Approximate using **5** for each digit of the answer. Another example: 36.85÷21636.85 \div 21636.85÷216 - 222 goes into **3** once → Write **1**. - 216×1=216216 \times 1 = 216216×1=216, subtract from **368** → **152**. - Bring down the **5** and continue dividing. ### Calculating Volume: To find the volume of something, use the equation: Width×Height\text{Width} \times \text{Height}Width×Height The answer will be in **square units**. **Example:** A 2D box with width **1 inch** and height **4 inches** has an area of **4 inches squared**. ### [[America|American]] Flag Instructions: - The length of the flag is **1.9 times its width**. - Each stripe should be **one-thirteenth** of the flag's height. - The blue area covers **7.6** of the flag’s width. - The height of the blue area is exactly **7 stripes**, or **7/13** of the flag’s height. ### Finding the Median Score of a Class: 8. Count the number of students with the highest score, then move downward. 9. Write scores in one column and the number of students in another. 10. Find the median of the possible scores. **Example:** Possible scores: **10, 9, 8, 6, 4** → Median is **8**. Then, count students until you reach the middle score **(8 or the median value)** | Posable score | number of students | | - | | | 10 | 3 | | 9 | 6 | | 8 | 4 | | 6 | 1 | | 4 | 1 | The answer would be 6 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and we are in the 6 Groupe Tags: [[arrhythmic]]

@ 638d2a79:f5645f4e

China was ruled by one ruler, but over time, China split into two—South and North—which had a rivalry between them. At this time, Yang Chien was a general in the army of Northern China. He thought that China should be whole once more, so, like any _insert age here_ year old would do, he attacked the king of the South (for peace!). After a bit of fighting, he overpowered Southern China and took control of all of China. This man founded a dynasty—the Sui Dynasty—to rule and to keep China united. But wait! Rivers made travel difficult between the North and South, so his son created a new river when he became emperor. This canal made it easier to cross the rivers, which greatly improved trade. The people did not like working on this river, and after it was completed, they killed him, making him the second and last emperor of the Sui Dynasty. Cue the new emperor, Li Yuan, AKA "the smart guy." He wanted to stay alive for a long time, and he saw how unhappy people had just killed the last important ruler. So, he decided to invest in keeping people happy instead. This started the Golden Age of China, also called the Tang Dynasty. Tags: [[human behavior index]]

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

I got into a [friendly discussion](https://x.com/snoyberg/status/1887007888117252142) on X regarding health insurance. The specific question was how to deal with health insurance companies (presumably unfairly) denying claims? My answer, as usual: get government out of it! The US healthcare system is essentially the worst of both worlds: * Unlike full single payer, individuals incur high costs * Unlike a true free market, regulation causes increases in costs and decreases competition among insurers I'm firmly on the side of moving towards the free market. (And I say that as someone living under a single payer system now.) Here's what I would do: * Get rid of tax incentives that make health insurance tied to your employer, giving individuals back proper freedom of choice. * Reduce regulations significantly. * In the short term, some people will still get rejected claims and other obnoxious behavior from insurance companies. We address that in two ways: 1. Due to reduced regulations, new insurance companies will be able to enter the market offering more reliable coverage and better rates, and people will flock to them because they have the freedom to make their own choices. 2. Sue the asses off of companies that reject claims unfairly. And ideally, as one of the few legitimate roles of government in all this, institute new laws that limit the ability of fine print to allow insurers to escape their responsibilities. (I'm hesitant that the latter will happen due to the incestuous relationship between Congress/regulators and insurers, but I can hope.) Will this magically fix everything overnight like politicians normally promise? No. But it will allow the market to return to a healthy state. And I don't think it will take long (order of magnitude: 5-10 years) for it to come together, but that's just speculation. And since there's a high correlation between those who believe government can fix problems by taking more control and demanding that only credentialed experts weigh in on a topic (both points I strongly disagree with BTW): I'm a trained actuary and worked in the insurance industry, and have directly seen how government regulation reduces competition, raises prices, and harms consumers. And my final point: I don't think any prior art would be a good comparison for deregulation in the US, it's such a different market than any other country in the world for so many reasons that lessons wouldn't really translate. Nonetheless, I asked Grok for some empirical data on this, and at best the results of deregulation could be called "mixed," but likely more accurately "uncertain, confused, and subject to whatever interpretation anyone wants to apply." https://x.com/i/grok/share/Zc8yOdrN8lS275hXJ92uwq98M

@ 8be6bafe:b50da031

Botev Plovdiv FC is proud to present the [Bitcoin Salary Calculator](https://bitcoinfootballcup.com/salary/) tool, as the foundational tool to showcase athletes the financial power of Bitcoin. We built the [Salary Calculator](https://bitcoinfootballcup.com/salary/) to help anyone follow in the financial footsteps of prominent athletes such as Kieran Gibbs, Russell Okung, Saquon Barkley, and Renato Moicano, who have significantly increased their savings tank thanks to Bitcoin. The [Bitcoin Salary Calculator](https://bitcoinfootballcup.com/salary/) allows any person to choose how much of their monthly salary they are comfortable saving in Bitcoin. Instantly, users can backtrack and see how their Bitcoin savings would have performed using the once-in-a-species opportunity which Bitcoin brings. **[Try it out NOW for yourself](https://bitcoinfootballcup.com/salary/).** https://video.nostr.build/a9f2f693f6b5ee75097941e7a30bfc722225918a896b29a73e13e7581dfed77c.mp4 ## Athletes need Bitcoin more than anyone else Unlike most people, athletes’ careers and earning years are limited. This has driven the likes of Odell Beckham Jr. and Alex Crognale to also start saving a part of their income in Bitcoin with a long-term outlook as they prepare for retirement. “*The reason why announced 50% of my salary in Bitcoin is because I feel one the noblest things you can do is to get people to understand Bitcoin*.” Kieran Gibbs, founder ONE FC, ex Arsenal, ex Inter Miami, ex West Bromich Albion. “*I am trusting Bitcoin for my life after football. Every time my club paid me, I bought Bitcoin*.” Alex Crognale, San Antonio FC player. https://x.com/TFTC21/status/1883228348379533469 “*At Botev Plovdiv FC, we believe not only in fostering sporting talent, but also helping them the the most of their careers so they excel in life after retiring from sports. It is with this mission in mind that the club is launching the Bitcoin Football Cup hub, striving to accelerate mass Bitcoin education via sports and athletes - the influencers and role models for billions of people*.” shared Botev’s Bitcoin Director George Manolov. https://x.com/obj/status/1856744340795662432 The Bitcoin Football Cup aims for young prospects to be able to learn key financial lessons from seasoned veterans across all sports. Our Bitcoin Salary Calculator is only the first step toward that goal. We encourage anyone to hear these stories straight from the current roster of Bitcoin athletes -for whom -in many cases- Bitcoin has allowed them to outperform the wealth it took decades to earn on the field. Follow us on the Bitcoin Cup’s social media channels to learn more and hear the latest stories of how Bitcoin is shaking up the world of sports: * Twitter: https://x.com/Bitcoin_Cup/ * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/BitcoinCup/ * TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@BitcoinCup/ * YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@BitcoinCup/

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

This post was written because of an error I made on Substack. I'm sharing it here despite the fact the scheduling error didn't happen on NOSTR. The intro paragraph isn't fully applicable for you NOSTR friends. On Sunday 2/1/25, I made an oopsie. I tend to write articles ahead of time so I can schedule them and not worry about being inspired on a schedule. I had written two posts: [Don't Be Like Martha](https://trustjesus.substack.com/p/dont-be-like-martha) and [Whose Point of View](https://trustjesus.substack.com/p/whose-point-of-view). One was supposed to post on Sunday 2/1/25 and one on Wednesday 2/5/25. I accidentally posted both on Sunday. I was fretting about what to do for a post on Wednesday, because I usually have my husband review posts but he was out of town. I don’t like to do the deep posts without Him checking for grammatical errors, theological errors, or lack of clarity. I also had a brief idea I wanted to discuss and was debating whether to make it a short long form post or a longish note and this situation decided it for me. ## Excited Puppy I recently got into a long discussion/debate with a couple of people on Nostr about God. I tend to get pretty excited about God, the Bible, and biblical inerrancy. It made me think about my dog. I have a Leonberger. He is about 115 pounds, is very tall, is very long, and has thick hair which makes him look even bigger. He is 8 years old, but still acts like a puppy. When his tail gets going it causes mayhem and destruction. It knocks all of the Christmas cards and missionary prayer cards off the refrigerator. It knocks ornaments off the Christmas tree. On occasion, his excitement can even cause a person to stumble or fall (he never actually jumps on anyone). He is a sweet, loving dog that likes everyone and wants to give and receive attention to and from everyone, but he doesn’t realize how big and strong he is. Sometimes I think I can be like my dog. I am passionate about God and the Bible. I have seen what He has done in my life. I have seen what reading and studying the Bible has done for my faith and understanding of God and His word. I intellectually know that it has taken 40ish years to get me this far, but I want everyone to come to this level of faith and understanding right now! There is a reason that God uses years of time and a lifetime of experiences to teach us and sanctify us. This growth can’t be forced. It can’t be rushed. We all have our own paths in growth in Christ and certain things can’t be changed until it is time. Sometimes I am like my sweet puppy. I get so excited about God’s word that I may cause more harm than good. I want to help, but people feel judged. I want to bless, but they feel attacked. I want to raise them up, but end up knocking them down. Although I wonder why my dog has to push the one person in the room that doesn’t want his attention, I then end up doing the same thing with faith. I am working on improvement, paying closer attention to their response (harder to do online than in person where you can see body language and hear voice tone), and listen to the Spirit on when to press forward and when to pull back. My prayer is that God will guide us all in our service to Him, that He we would never be afraid to witness and stand for the truth, but that with His help we will not trample those we seek to guide to the Savior and in faith in Him. Trust Jesus.

@ 77aba0b1:7e3350f5

### **Canada and Mexico don't have any leverage** The cheapest labor in the world is not China and it's not on the other side of the world. It's in Mexico. ###### Due to rising Chinese wages, a rapidly growing economy, and demographic changes, China is no longer the low-wage capital of the world. Great news for Mexico as it means more manufacturing jobs have come their way. But bad news if your wealthy neighbor to the north wants to impose tariffs that are going to prevent you from selling to the world's largest consumer market. ---  Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum talking with President Trump | AI generated image --- Now consider Canada's dilemma. The US buys 97% of Canada's oil, at a discount. Canada lacks the capacity to refine 75% of their oil production, so they have to sell their sour crude oil to the US at discounted rates because only the US has the infrastructure to move, refine, store, and distribute this commodity. (See [video](https://x.com/themfingcoo/status/1885838258451493305?s=46) for a detailed explanation.) ---  Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau meeting with President Trump | AI generated image --- Canada and Mexico share a common double-edged sword; they're geographically close to the United States. This is a huge benefit for reducing transportation costs to the largest consumer market in the world. But that also means you don't have the transportation infrastructure necessary to sell your products around the world. ###### China had to build a global transportation and supply chain infrastructure if it wanted to reach American and European markets. Because of this inherent characteristic, China is much better positioned to withstand an economic trade war with the United States than either Mexico or Canada. ###### People often mention how fragile the American economy has become because of its reliance on imported foreign goods. They are absolutely correct. But that cuts both ways. The United States can be cut off from foreign goods, but foreign nations will be cut off from a market to sell their products. What happens when there is a huge supply of goods and demand for those goods goes away? Prices drop... precipitously. ###### The United States largest export is the US Dollar. Like it or not, as the printer of the Global Reserve Currency, the US finances the consumer markets and the manufacturing base of the world economy. ---  The value of fiat currencies always goes to zero | AI generated image --- ### **Free Trade vs Managed Trade** We see a lot of economists and media pundits talking about how tariffs will increase prices and lead to even more inflation. What they really mean is it will lead to "price inflation" which is how most of American society has come to view inflation. Actual inflation is an increase of the money supply and with more moeny chases the same amounts of goods and services, we get an increase in prices or price inflation. ###### The same people who told you that inflation was "transitory" are now telling you the price of a Corona will go up. They're forgetting that we have a fairly robust domestic beer industry. ---  Chuck Schumer and Dylan Mulvaney share bad takes | AI generated image --- But what really needs to be highlighted is that these pundits are discussing Trump's trade war as if we lived under a free trade system; a truly free market. Sadly, we are nowhere close to this being a reality. The global economic system is Managed Trade, or Bureaucratic Trade; with corporations, lobbyists, the politically appointed and well connected making deals that protect their fiefdoms and syphon money to those who control the levers of power. ###### They are right that tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods and those taxes are passed on to the consumer. But they act as if tariffs don't didn't exist before Trump. The Biden administration placed tariffs on Chinese "green" technologies. The same administration that said climate change was an existential threat made cheaper, environmentally friendly technology more expensive. It's almost as if it's not about the climate. ### **The Global Economic Empire** When you owe the bank $1 million, the bank owns you. When you owe the bank $37 trillion, you own the bank. ###### Trump is betting the house and calling everyone's bluff and he's betting that the US can weather the economic fallout better than any other country, except maybe China. It's a race to the bottom and he knows that the USG can cover its finances longer, causing other countries to go bankrupt and need US assistance. ###### It's the equivalent of a run on the banks and the US will buy up the debt for cheap. Really they'll buy it for free, since they're printing the currency they buy up assets with. Canada and Mexico folding are a no brainer. Their economies are not built to export large quantities of goods acros the world. It's almost entirely north or south across the border. They had to cave or risk economic collapse. ---  China: Rising Dragon or Paper Tiger | AI generated image --- ###### China is another story. "Is China a Rising Dragon or a Paper Tiger" has been the headline for 20 to 30 years ever since Deng Xiaoping liberalized their economy and instituted social reform. Their economy has been booming but also suffering from population decline due to the One Child policy that was in effect from 1980 to 2016. ###### China has a global supply chain and provides most of the world with manufactured goods. That means they need markets to sell their goods in. If Trump threatens every nation with tariffs, it effects the global economy; meaning it will massively effect China. Couple that with a declining population that’s getting older. ###### The strength of the Chinese economy is that it already has this well established global supply chain. They stand the best chance to weather a trade war with the United States. But a global economic collapse would be a race to the bottom to see which, if any, global power emerges victorious. Just as in war, there is no winner; just bigger losers than others. ###### If Trump uses this leverage to get concessions that benefit the American people, he could be the greatest statesmen who ever lived. Trump may not be clever enough to think this deeply, but he is certainly brash and confident enough to attempt it.

@ 044da344:073a8a0e

Zugegeben: Die Erwartung war groß. „Angepasst. Aktivistisch. Abgehoben“, ruft das Cover. Triple-A sozusagen. Und das in einem Buch über die *Tagesschau*, geschrieben von einem Ostdeutschen, der dort sechs Jahre gearbeitet hat, vorher lange beim MDR war und außerdem damit wirbt, auch Privatfernsehen und Presse zu kennen. Mehr Insider geht nicht. Die drei Adjektive mit dem großen A im gelben Punkt sagen: Jetzt spreche ich. Jetzt wird abgerechnet.  Das Marketing hat funktioniert, nicht nur bei mir. Platz drei in der *Spiegel*-Bestsellerliste und Platz sieben in den Wochencharts von *Amazon*, nur knapp hinter Angela Merkel. Ich dachte eigentlich, dass ich nach [Claus Kleber](https://medienblog.hypotheses.org/958) auf ewig die Finger lassen würde von den Ergüssen beitragsfinanzierter Redakteure. Was soll da schon kommen? Wir sind frei. Niemand ruft an. Niemand redet uns rein. Wir machen das, was die Nachrichtenlage verlangt und was wir kraft Ausbildung und Wassersuppe für richtig halten. Eine ganze Menge Claus Kleber steckt auch in Alexander Teske. Staatsfunk? Nicht doch. Wir sind halt „alle ähnlich sozialisiert“ (S. 110), haben die „gleichen Relevanzkriterien“ (S. 108) und „schreiben voneinander ab“ – „aus lauter Unsicherheit, etwas ‚falsch‘ zu machen“ (S. 109). Wenn die Sprecherin des Bundespräsidenten, eine Kollegin, die die Seiten gewechselt hat, doch mal nachhelfen muss, dann ist das in der Welt von Alexander Teske die Ausnahme, die die Regel bestätigt. Kein Einfluss, nirgends – bis auf den Seiten 140 und 141 plötzlich Reiner Haseloff auftaucht, Ministerpräsident von Sachsen-Anhalt. Alexander Teske braucht diesen Redaktionsbesuch („Haseloff redete über eine Stunde (…) im vollbesetzten Konferenzraum“) für eine seiner Kernthesen. Der Osten, sagt er, ist der Redaktion in Hamburg nicht einfach nur egal. Dieser Haseloff nervt. O-Ton einer *Tagesthemen*-Frau: „Sollen wir jetzt etwa über den Rosenmontag in Köthen berichten?“ Vermutlich war es dieser Teil, der mich hat rückfällig werden lassen. Die „[Arroganz der Westmedien](https://www.message-online.com/das-wissen-um-die-wucht/)“ ist eines meiner Lebensthemen. Alexander Teske liefert dafür reichlich Futter. Zehn von 300, schätzt er, sind im *Tagesschau*-Maschinenraum „ostdeutsch sozialisiert“ (S. 141). Genauer geht es nicht, weil man das im Fall der Fälle lieber für sich behält, immer noch. Achtung: Karrierehindernis. Der Dialekt sowieso. Teske, ein Sachse, nahm „jahrelang Sprecherziehung“, um im *Ersten* auf Sendung gehen zu dürfen (S. 156). In Bayern oder Hessen lachen darüber die Hühner. Entsprechend sieht der Osten aus in der *Tagesschau*. Wenn das Volk hier sprechen darf, sagt Kronzeuge Alexander Teske, „werden die kürzesten, plakativsten und dümmsten Aussagen“ bevorzugt, „gern in emotionaler Tonlage“ (S. 143). Dass die Redaktion nur Westpresse abonniert (Ausnahme: die LVZ, die aber keiner liest, S. 146), passt genauso in dieses Bild wie das Sozialporträt einer Redaktion, in der man Arbeiterkinder, HSV-Fans oder Nichtakademiker mit der Lupe suchen muss, dafür aber an der Spitze eine Phalanx von zehn Chefs vom Dienst findet, die auf 11.000 Euro brutto kommen (manchmal offenbar auch mehr, S. 23), für ein „Klima der Angst“ (S. 51) sorgen und, so sagt es jedenfalls Teske, selbst bestimmen, wer zu ihnen aufrücken darf (S. 29). Was fängt man mit alldem an? Vor allem: Wer kann etwas damit anfangen? Alexander Teske erwähnt einen MDR-Kommentar von Rommy Arndt, gesprochen im Januar 2023, der gegen deutsche Panzer in der Ukraine war (S. 144). In der *Tagesschau* undenkbar, sagt er, und für Rommy Arndt der letzte große öffentlich-rechtliche Auftritt. Auch Sarah Frühauf kommt bei ihm vor, eine andere MDR-Journalisten, „berühmt“ geworden durch einen *Tagesthemen*-Kommentar im November 2021, der einer Impfpflicht das Wort redete und „alle Ungeimpften“ gar nicht sehr subtil mitverantwortlich machte für die „wohl Tausenden Opfer dieser Corona-Welle“ (S. 41). Teske beklagt, dass die *Tagesschau* das Thema RKI-Protokolle erst fünf Tage nach der Veröffentlichung aufgegriffen hat und dabei das Online-Magazin *Multipolar* nicht erwähnte (S. 127). Davon abgesehen gibt es die Gegenöffentlichkeit bei ihm nicht. Nicht einmal die Dokumentation der [Ständigen Publikumskonferenz](https://publikumskonferenz.de/blog/), die sich lange in weiten Teilen um die *Tagesschau* drehte, oder die entsprechenden [Bücher](https://medienblog.hypotheses.org/8010). Alexander Teske mag nicht, wenn jemand „Zwangsgebühr“ sagt (S. 191), nutzt „Querdenker“ als Schimpfwort (S. 25), hält Telegram für einen Ort, an dem sich „bevorzugt Rechtsradikale, Waffenhändler, Drogendealer, Coronaleugner und Reichsbürger“ tummeln, und wirft der *Bild-Zeitung* vor, „jeden noch so kleinen Fehler“ zum Skandal aufzublasen (S. 115). Dass Sarah Frühauf ihren Kommentar sprechen konnte, passiert bei ihm einfach so. War knapp bei der Abstimmung. Drei Namen zur Auswahl. Und am nächsten Morgen wundern sich alle. Was also, ich wiederhole diese Frage, fängt man mit einem Buch an, das sich eher wie ein Bewerbungsschreiben für öffentlich-rechtliche Führungsaufgaben liest, so sich die Zeiten doch noch ändern sollten? Punkt eins: Die Redaktionen der Leitmedien sind nicht so homogen, wie es von außen oft scheint. Alexander Teske trägt die Auseinandersetzungen von innen nach außen – sicher ein Grund, warum der NDR eher [dünnhäutig reagierte](https://www.turi2.de/aktuell/ndr-prueft-abrechnungsbuch-von-ex-tagesschau-mitarbeiter/) und darauf hinwies, dass sich der geliebte Ex-Kollege noch 2022 erfolglos auf eine Dauerstelle beworben hat. Punkt zwei, wichtiger: Das Buch von Alexander Teske dokumentiert den Wandel im Journalismus, den wir gerade live erleben und erleiden. Teske selbst steht dabei für das Früher. Sagen, was ist. Sachlich, nüchtern, mit Distanz. Auch dann, wenn es um die AfD geht. Die wichtigen Themen nach vorn und nicht die, die Quote garantieren. „Nachrichten pur“, wie er das an einer Stelle nennt (S. 227) – ohne Soft News und Infotainment, ohne elend lange Fußball-, Promi- und Katastrophenblöcke mit Bochum gegen Heidenheim, Waldbränden noch und nöcher und jeden Pups der Royals, auch ohne „moderative Sprache“ (S. 226). Nachrichten pur heißt bei ihm im Subtext auch: Finger weg von den Digitalplattformen (im Moment jeden Tag bedient von 20 Redakteuren plus Planer, Grafiker, Cutter, S. 271). Finger weg auch davon, einfach ein, zwei Minuten länger zu machen, um die Quote mit denen aufzufüllen, die nur die nächste Sendung sehen wollen (S. 232). Das ist in diesem *Tagesschau*-Buch-Kosmos auch ein Streit zwischen Alten und (oft schlechter bezahlten) Jungen, aber nicht nur. Alexander Teske erzählt, wie er mit seinem Journalismus-Ideal auch und gerade an der Generation 50+ gescheitert ist (vor allem an Männern, die im Dienst Antifa-T-Shirts tragen und den FC St. Pauli lieben) – auch, weil ein Ostdeutscher wie er in Hamburg kaum auf Seinesgleichen stößt. Über den Tellerrand zu schauen, hat er dabei trotzdem nicht gelernt. Anders formuliert: Auch in einer *Tagesschau* made by Alexander Teske würde ein Teil der Wirklichkeit fehlen. [Freie Akademie für Medien & Journalismus](https://www.freie-medienakademie.de/)

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

The cryptocurrency market is a dynamic and often unpredictable space. With Bitcoin's impressive surge in value, many investors are looking beyond the pioneer cryptocurrency to diversify their portfolios. This article explores various cryptocurrency options, weighing the potential of holding (HODLing) or selling them in the current market. **Table Of Content** - Bitcoin's Stellar Performance - Ether (ETH) - Solana (SOL) - Binance Coin (BNB) - BLUR - Conclusion - FAQs **Bitcoin's Stellar Performance** Bitcoin, the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, has seen a remarkable increase in value, rising by 120% in 2023. This surge sets a benchmark for evaluating other cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin's growth is influenced by several factors, including the anticipation of a Bitcoin ETF and its upcoming fourth halving. These developments could further drive its demand and value. The potential introduction of a Bitcoin ETF is particularly significant. It would allow a broader range of investors to gain exposure to Bitcoin without the complexities of direct cryptocurrency ownership. This development could lead to increased institutional investment and potentially stabilize Bitcoin's historically volatile price. Furthermore, the halving event, expected to occur in April, is a fundamental aspect of Bitcoin's design. It reduces the reward for mining new blocks, effectively limiting the supply of new bitcoins. This scarcity is a key driver of Bitcoin's value and has historically led to significant price increases. However, Bitcoin's dominance and performance also raise questions about market saturation and the potential for continued growth. While Bitcoin remains a safe haven for many investors, its large market capitalization means that it may not offer the same growth potential as some smaller, emerging cryptocurrencies. Investors looking for high-growth opportunities may find these in altcoins, which, while riskier, offer the potential for higher returns. **Ether (ETH)** Ether, the native token of the Ethereum blockchain, has a different appeal compared to Bitcoin. While Bitcoin excels as a payment network, Ethereum's strength lies in its versatility as a platform for decentralized applications. Ether's growth has been modest compared to Bitcoin, with a 65% increase this year. Ethereum's broader utility stems from its ability to support smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). These features have made it the backbone of various sectors, including decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs). The recent upgrade to Ethereum 2.0, transitioning to a proof-of-stake consensus mechanism, aims to address scalability and energy efficiency issues, potentially increasing its attractiveness to both developers and investors. Despite these advancements, Ether's price has not seen the same explosive growth as Bitcoin. This could be due to the market's maturation and the increasing competition from other blockchain platforms. However, Ethereum's established position and ongoing development make it a strong contender for long-term growth. Investors may consider holding Ether as a bet on the continued expansion and innovation in the DeFi and NFT spaces, where Ethereum plays a central role. **Solana (SOL)** Solana, a blockchain platform seen as a competitor to Ethereum, has recovered remarkably from the impacts of the FTX collapse, with its value increasing by 313% this year. This growth is a testament to the resilience and potential of Solana as an investment. Solana's key selling point is its high throughput and low transaction costs, making it an attractive platform for both developers and users. Its ability to process thousands of transactions per second outpaces Ethereum significantly, which has been a bottleneck for the latter. This technical superiority has led to increased adoption of Solana for various applications, including decentralized exchanges, gaming, and NFTs. The rapid recovery of Solana's value post-FTX collapse indicates strong investor confidence and market support for the platform. It suggests that Solana has managed to dissociate itself from the negative sentiment surrounding FTX and is being recognized for its inherent technological strengths. For investors, Solana presents an opportunity to diversify into a high-potential blockchain platform that could capture significant market share in the future. **Binance Coin (BNB)** BNB, the native token of the Binance exchange, has faced significant challenges following legal issues with Binance’s CEO. These developments have led to a decrease in BNB's value, prompting considerations for selling the asset. The legal troubles surrounding Binance and its CEO have raised concerns about the exchange's future and, by extension, the value of BNB. Binance Coin's utility is closely tied to the Binance ecosystem, being used for transaction fee discounts and participation in token sales. If regulatory actions lead to a decrease in Binance's user base or a change in its operational model, BNB could see a further decline in value. However, it's also important to consider Binance's position as one of the largest and most influential cryptocurrency exchanges globally. The platform has a substantial user base and a wide array of services, including trading, staking, and a native blockchain, Binance Smart Chain. If Binance navigates through its legal challenges successfully, BNB could recover and potentially grow in value. Investors need to weigh the risks of regulatory impacts against the potential for Binance to continue playing a major role in the crypto ecosystem. **BLUR** BLUR, associated with the NFT marketplace Blur, has maintained a significant market capitalization despite a downturn in NFT trading. As the NFT market shows signs of a potential rebound, holding BLUR could be a strategic move for investors interested in the digital art and collectibles space. The NFT market has experienced a significant cooldown from its peak in 2021, but it remains a sector with potential for innovation and growth. BLUR's association with the Blur marketplace positions it well within this niche. The marketplace has gained traction among NFT traders for its user-friendly interface and unique features, such as rewarding users with BLUR tokens based on their trading volume. BLUR's utility within the Blur ecosystem could drive its value as the NFT market evolves. The token's use in governance and transaction fee payments on the platform aligns it closely with the marketplace's success. As new artists and collectors continue to enter the NFT space, platforms like Blur that offer a streamlined and rewarding experience could see increased usage, potentially boosting BLUR's value. Investors considering BLUR should monitor the broader NFT market trends and Blur's position within it. While the NFT market is known for its volatility, it also offers unique opportunities for growth, especially in niches that are innovating and capturing user interest. **Conclusion** The cryptocurrency market is diverse and constantly evolving. While Bitcoin continues to be a strong performer, other cryptocurrencies offer varied investment opportunities. Investors should consider their risk tolerance, market trends, and the unique attributes of each cryptocurrency when making decisions. Whether to HODL or sell depends on individual investment goals and the ever-changing landscape of the crypto world. Diversification and staying informed are key to navigating this dynamic market successfully. **FAQs** **Is it better to invest in Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies?** It depends on your investment goals and risk tolerance. Bitcoin is more established but may offer lower growth potential compared to some emerging altcoins. Diversifying your portfolio with a mix of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies might be a balanced approach. **What makes Ether a good investment option?** Ether is the native token of the Ethereum blockchain, known for its versatility in supporting smart contracts and decentralized applications. Its ongoing development and central role in the DeFi and NFT sectors make it a strong contender for long-term growth. **Why is Solana considered a rising competitor in the crypto market?** Solana offers high transaction speeds and low costs, making it an attractive platform for developers and users. Its rapid recovery post-FTX collapse indicates strong market support and potential for significant market share in the future. **What are the risks associated with investing in Binance Coin (BNB)?** BNB faces risks due to legal issues surrounding Binance and its CEO. Its value is closely tied to the Binance ecosystem, so any negative impact on the exchange could affect BNB's value. **Is investing in BLUR a good strategy?** Investing in BLUR could be a strategic move if you're interested in the NFT market. As the native token of the Blur NFT marketplace, its value may grow with the platform's success in the evolving NFT space. **How important is diversification in cryptocurrency investment?** Diversification is crucial in managing risk in the volatile cryptocurrency market. It involves spreading your investment across different assets to reduce the impact of any single asset's performance on your overall portfolio. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnews.co](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@croxroadnews](https://www.youtube.com/@croxroadnews)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ c69b71dc:426ba763

# Nature shows us the way…
 ## …but what does humanity do? ### Let’s take a look at winter: Trees shed their leaves. The plant’s energy withdraws so it can conserve strength and survive the cold season.
 Wild animals follow the same pattern: In autumn, they build up reserves, grow thick fur, and retreat into their caves and thickets. Little movement, lots of sleep – a natural strategy for preserving energy. Animals that wouldn’t survive the cold migrate to warmer places to spend the winter. #### And what does humanity do?
 We eat just as much, move just as much (or little), sleep too little – just as we do all year round. Why? Because we can. Because our lives are no longer governed by the seasons. Refrigerators are full, supermarkets are always open, work calls, and daily routines remain unchanged. But this does not come without consequences. During winter, we don’t allow ourselves to rest or retreat. We ignore our natural needs, overexerting ourselves physically, mentally, and emotionally. The result? An exhausted body and mind, discontent. The lymphatic system gets clogged, the body becomes overly acidic. Spring fatigue, low energy, depression, inflammation, and other ailments follow.  ### And then comes spring…
 Nature awakens. Life begins anew everywhere. Buds sprout, blossoms unfold – pure energy in its most vibrant form! Everything that grows now serves cleansing and detoxification: wild herbs, fresh shoots, and buds – nature’s medicine for body and mind. Wild animals follow this rhythm. They shed their winter coats, become more active, consume this natural medicine, mate, or give birth. #### And what does humanity do?
 We keep eating the same, sleeping too little, rushing through our daily routines. And then we wonder why we feel tired, sluggish, and drained. Why our thoughts feel heavy and our bodies weak. Why depression creeps up on us at this very moment. Did you know that the highest suicide rate is in spring?  ### Summer – the time of abundance
 Nature gifts us with light, warmth, ripe fruits, berries, and fresh vegetables. Animals spend most of their time outdoors, eating what nature provides and recharging their energy into every cell of their being. #### And what does humanity do?
 We keep working as always, consuming industrially processed foods, barely spending time outside. Too much artificial light, too little sleep. No wonder so many feel exhausted even in summer, drained, struggling with digestion and metabolism.  ### Autumn – preparing for retreat
 Now is the time for harvest. Nuts, mushrooms, apples, pears, root vegetables, pumpkins, cabbage – all available to build up reserves. Animals follow nature’s call, gathering, storing energy, preparing for the coming months. Chlorophyll in leaves breaks down, green turns to vibrant autumn colours. #### And what does humanity do?
 We ignore these signals. We stay trapped in the hamster wheel. We enter winter unprepared, weakened, prone to infections, drained by a lack of sunlight and an overly acidic system.  ### A cycle of exhaustion
 And so the wheel keeps turning. Because we ignore nature. Because we no longer listen to our bodies. Because we have lost touch with our intuition. Because we have enslaved ourselves. #### What can you do?
 Not everyone is ready to leave their daily life behind, move to a warm country, and become self-sufficient. Many want to maintain their current lifestyle. #### So how can we break the cycle?
 Turn inward. Take time each day to listen to yourself. To truly feel what you need. To give space to your needs. Sense what drains you, what makes you sluggish. What brings you joy. Cleanse yourself – physically, mentally, emotionally! > **********Do** more of what you miss, of what makes you happy and **fulfilled.** **Remember:** **You** **too** **are** **nature.********** If all this sounds like a lot of inner work, I invite you to take first steps. #### Ask yourself: - Does your body need detoxification? - Cleansing? - More movement? - Or is it time for emotional release? *If you wish support, let me know and we will discuss an energy exchange that allows you to do something good for yourself in a sustainable way. Supporting you in reclaiming your energy and strength – for a year filled with vitality, self-respect, and self-love. 💛* ** ``` Spring is calling! It offers us a new chance.
 Do you hear it? Yes, it’s calling you! Let’s go! 🚀 ``` **

@ 0b118e40:4edc09cb

I’d like to see a world where a small artisan in Sarawak sells handcrafted goods directly to a boutique in Paris by bypassing currency exchange fluctuations, banking restrictions, and government-imposed tariffs. Or where a coffee farmer in Ethiopia sells beans straight to a roaster in Tokyo by sidestepping middlemen, exchange fees, and bureaucratic red tape. In theory, free trade should enable this exchange smoothly, allowing businesses of all sizes to compete on a level playing field. But in reality, global trade is far from free. Policies, interventions, and economic theories are often designed to favor the powerful. One particular theory that troubled me was Paul Krugman’s New Trade Theory (NTT), which argues that large businesses with economies of scale, supported by government-backed advantages, dominate international trade. This manifestation of the global marketplace favoring the giants, leaving smaller players like that Ethiopian coffee farmer out and struggling to compete, had led to trade hegemonies and trade wars. After going through centuries of trade theories from Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations to Keynesian interventionism and Friedman’s libertarianism I found myself questioning: Is Krugman right? After all, in today’s world, global trade is controlled by a few key players. The U.S., China, Germany, Japan, and the U.K. alone contribute to 40% of global trade in goods and services. The 134 countries of the Global South are often forgotten. Can Bitcoin offer a countermeasure to help globalize small businesses from anywhere in the world? ### Big players rule the game. Let’s go a little deeper on Krugman’s New Trade Theory. He believes that trade is increasingly dominated by large firms because they benefit from economies of scale and brand power. While older trade theories assumed that countries traded based on resource advantages, NTT tries to explain why similar economies like the U.S. and Europe, engage in high levels of trade with each other, missing out on the obvious nuances of global alliances on geopolitical control and power. Another aspect of Krugman’s theory is that large companies have a better chance of capturing market lead if they can benefit from unfair advantages through additional boosters in an imperfect market. In simple terms, power, status, and wealth are all you need to win. So if you are a big company and you have status, government perks, and economic advantages, you can be the market leader. It’s like the Olympics of global trade, except some players get to use performance-enhancing drugs (subsidies, trade barriers, and financial influence) while others run clean. The race isn’t fair, but the rules say it’s fine. So what is the blind spot here? Well, other than the obvious disregard for merits and fair play, this model also assumes that only large corporations drive global trade, leaving small businesses to struggle against giants - despite the fact that small businesses often contribute significantly (sometimes up to 80%) to a country's revenue. ### Small business in a big economy NTT was developed in the 1970s and 1980s when economies of scale and industrial advantages were the primary drivers of global trade. Kugman's argument assumes that large corporations, due to their financial and logistical dominance, will continue to dictate trade flows. But is this still true today? Small businesses are establishing themselves in a globalized world, even without economies of scale, as opposed to Krugman's belief. The rise of e-commerce, digital platforms, and decentralized technologies has significantly altered the trade landscape, though many barriers remain. In the past, small businesses struggled because they lacked access to global markets, but platforms like Alibaba, Amazon, and Shopify have reduced the barriers to entry, allowing even micro-businesses to participate in international trade. When Jack Ma started Alibaba, businesses didn’t automatically sign up. His team traveled to small villages and industrial hubs to onboard businesses that had never considered global trade let alone understand digital interfaces, communicate in English, or use the internet. This grassroots effort revolutionized commerce, digitizing and globalizing it at an unprecedented scale. Krugman’s model assumes that large firms control trade, but in reality, many countries thrive on small business-driven exports. I’ve been to these areas in China and seen firsthand how they operate. These small manufacturers in China may not have the scale of a multinational, but they’re deeply integrated into global supply chains. And despite limited resources, they’re able to compete globally. Other countries like Germany and Japan are great examples where ‘hidden champions' who are typically highly specialized small businesses, play a crucial role in global supply chains. US is not there yet, but it has the opportunity to explore untapped potential of globalizing small businesses and compete in the global market to drive sustainable economic growth. In fact with this model, ideally anyone is welcome. But there are many barriers that still exist in limiting the globalization of small businesses : * High transaction costs. * Complexity of currency exchange and exchange fees * Complex regulations and banking restrictions * Difficulty finding trustworthy international partners Imagine a small business trying to import materials from multiple global suppliers. Not only is it hard to find them, as many countries still rely on government agencies, trade directories, and outdated methods for searching and connecting with suppliers, but when it comes to solidifying deals, the complications don’t stop. One supplier might require an international wire transfer, another may only accept Western Union, and a third insists on using a local bank with high fees and delays. Small businesses simply don’t have the same access to banking services and streamlined financial systems that large corporations do. The variations often depend on the specific banking practices and infrastructure of both parties. To make matters even more complicated, small businesses don't have dedicated teams like large corporations. They run on minimal resources, managing everything themselves. One small error or delay can stall shipments, disrupt cash flow, and risk losing customers. Yet, global trade expects them to compete at the same level as industry giants, without the same financial infrastructure or support. More often than not, small businesses are left to fend for themselves, struggling to overcome these challenges alone. And that’s where Bitcoin changes everything. ### Can Bitcoin Create a True Free Market? Unlike traditional banking systems, which are tied to government policies and centralized institutions, Bitcoin operates on a decentralized, borderless network. This enables direct transactions between buyers and sellers without intermediaries or excessive fees. While Krugman’s theory explains why big corporations once held an advantage, it overlooks how decentralization removes trade bottlenecks, giving small businesses a real chance to compete globally. In a Bitcoin-based global economy: * No more currency conversion fees - Businesses trade freely across borders. * No more reliance on banks - Transactions occur on a trustless system, reducing fraud and expensive intermediaries. * No more cross-border delays - Payments are instantaneous, bypassing restrictive banking regulations. For small businesses, this means fewer barriers to global trade. A textile producer in India could sell directly to a retailer in Canada without needing to figure out the bureaucratic maze of currency exchanges and trade laws. A graphic designer in Brazil could collaborate with a company in Australia and receive payment instantly without relying on high-fee banking systems. A shea butter producer in Kenya could sell organic products directly to small skincare manufacturers in the U.S., bypassing middlemen and avoiding international shipping delays. Bitcoin removes middlemen, slashes costs, and levels the playing field, not by government intervention, but by eliminating artificial barriers altogether. ### The Challenges and the Future Bitcoin isn’t a perfect solution, and we know that. Scalability, price volatility, and regulatory pushback remain major hurdles. Currently, stablecoins are attempting to integrate into the Bitcoin Layer 2 network, which could potentially distract from Bitcoin's intended role as a global decentralized medium of exchange. Some are pushing for trade to happen through currency-pegged, centralized coins, which risks undermining Bitcoin's strong push toward free trade and decentralization. Governments and banks resist decentralization because it threatens their control over money flows. However, the concept of Bitcoin as a medium of exchange is already taking root. Leaders and developers are dedicating their legacies to building this system for a truly global community. El Salvador’s Bitcoin experiment has shown both the potential and the obstacles of a Bitcoin-driven economy with many lessons to learn from. Block Inc’s innovations have expanded into strengthening Bitcoin’s role as a decentralized medium globally, particularly through decentralized mining benefits and commercialized cold wallets. Nostr has been very successful in seeing growth in these domains as well. It is slow but it's taking the right steps towards simplifying Bitcoin commerce adoption through zaps. However the million-dollar question remains. If Bitcoin removes trade barriers, will small businesses adopt it? History suggests yes but with the right approach. Just as Jack Ma went door to door convincing small businesses to embrace e-commerce, a similar effort is needed for Bitcoin adoption. With Bitcoin, global trade can become digitized, commercialized, and pain-free, but only if small businesses understand how to use it. More importantly, it disrupts trade hegemony and creates a more equitable world that everyone can be part of. A challenge I foresee beyond technology, is education. Initiatives that focus on simple onboarding, low-cost adoption, and real-world use cases can drive Bitcoin-powered trade forward. There are many non-tech Bitcoin enthusiasts who want to contribute to the Bitcoin ecosystem and would love to take on educator roles. Once the infrastructure and understanding around Bitcoin become more conceptualized, these folks could play a strong role in spreading awareness and adoption. If Bitcoin is introduced strategically, not as a speculative asset but as an international trade enabler through its medium of exchange, it could reshape global commerce just as e-commerce once did. The only difference is that this time, trade is truly borderless, trustless, and not controlled by financial intermediaries. Krugman’s New Trade Theory remains useful in explaining how economies of scale shape trade. But it fails to account for decentralized digital economies, where small businesses can bypass the old rules of power and privilege. If Bitcoin achieves mainstream adoption, we may finally see a world where trade is truly free, where merit, not governments or middlemen, determines success.

@ 0fb8901a:2bced885

We are a family passionate about working with and for people, and we have a deep love for food.  Our journey began when our neighbors, who have a pizza oven, invited us and our children to make our own pizzas. The experience was delightful and memorable. Inspired by this, we decided to offer the same joy to other kids and adults. We invested in a handcrafted wood-fired pizza oven, made from scratch by a friend who specializes in pizza oven craftsmanship. This oven was imported to the UK, and it brings out the most wonderful flavors in our pizzas, taking us back to the basics of traditional cooking. We proudly serve Bracknell and the surrounding areas within a 20-mile radius.  What’s Different About Us? Our pizza oven is brand new and crafted from reliable, safe materials. Unlike traditional setups confined to a van, our oven is fully visible from all angles, allowing you to watch your pizza being made. It features detachable stainless steel tables on both sides, enabling you to work in close proximity to the oven. Our pizzas are wood-fired, giving them a wonderful, authentic taste. Both our tomato and cream sauces are homemade, and our dough is made from organic flour, ensuring the freshest ingredients.  

@ c8383d81:f9139549

**My own stats on what I’ve done over the weekend:** - Spoke to +100 developers, it was great seeing a couple of familiar Flemish faces and meeting some new ones but overall the crowd was extremely diverse. - Ended up doing a short interview promoting the protocol and ended up going to 0 talks. - Tried to evangelize by going booth by booth to distribute a Nostr flyer to other FOSDEM projects, with the hope that they would broadcast the info towards their SOME person to add Nostr on their list or to build out a library for the languages that were present ( This was a fairly slow approach ) - Kept it to Nostr protocol 95% of the time, the Bitcoin narrative is not always a good time to push and as a side note I’ve met more Monero users than in the last 5 years. - Was able to convince some engineers to look into the #soveng endeavor. **Small overview from the most common questions:** - They have heard about Nostr but are not sure of the details. ( mostly through the bitcoin community ) - What is the difference with ActivityPub, Mastodon, Fediverse ? - IOT developers, so questions regarding MQTT & Meshtastic integrations ? - Current state of MLS on Nostr ? - What are the current biggest clients / apps build on Nostr ? - Will jack still give a talk ? **Things we could improve:** - Bring more stickers like loads more, - Bring T-shirts, Pins… could be a good way to fund these adventures instead of raising funds. ( Most projects where selling something to help raise funds for projects ) - Almost no onboarding / client installs. - Compared to the Nostr booth at BTC Amsterdam not a single person asked if they could charge their phone. **Personal Note:** The last time I visited was roughly 13 years ago and me being a little more seasoned I just loved the fact that I was able to pay some support to the open source projects I’ve been using for years ( homebrew, modzilla, Free BSD,.. ) and see the amazing diverse crowd that is the open source Movement 🧡 **Al final shoutout to our great pirate crew 🏴‍☠️:** The Dutch Guard ( nostr:npub1qe3e5wrvnsgpggtkytxteaqfprz0rgxr8c3l34kk3a9t7e2l3acslezefe & nostr:npub1l77twp5l02jadkcjn6eeulv2j7y5vmf9tf3hhtq7h7rp0vzhgpzqz0swft ) and a adrenaline fueled nostr:npub1t6jxfqz9hv0lygn9thwndekuahwyxkgvycyscjrtauuw73gd5k7sqvksrw , nostr:npub1rfw075gc6pc693w5v568xw4mnu7umlzpkfxmqye0cgxm7qw8tauqfck3t8 and nostr:npub1r30l8j4vmppvq8w23umcyvd3vct4zmfpfkn4c7h2h057rmlfcrmq9xt9ma amazing finally meeting you IRL after close to 2 years since the Yakihonne hackathon 😀 

@ ed60dae0:cc3d5108

I'm a student. I study bitcoin and markets. I’m not a financial advisor, I hold no licenses or registrations and am not qualified to give advice on anything. Talk to your financial advisor. Do your own research. I get things wrong. If I am ever here listing things I think will happen in the future, note that I’ll likely get it (partially) wrong. I often own positions in names I discuss and talk about in my posts. None of this is ever a solicitation to buy or sell securities. It is only a look into my personal opinions and portfolio. These positions can change immediately as soon as I publish a piece, with or without notice. You are on your own. Do not make decisions based on my posts. ## Use of The First Bastion Use of The First Bastion (TFB) is at your own risk. In no event should TFB or any affiliated party be liable for any direct or indirect trading losses caused by any information on posted by TFB. You agree to do your own research and due diligence, consult your own financial, legal, and tax advisors before making any investment decision with respect to transacting in any securities covered herein. You should assume that as of the publication date of anything on by TFB, TFB (possibly along with or through members, partners, affiliates, employees, and/or consultants) along with our clients and/or investors has a position, long or short, in all stocks and assets (and/or options of the stock or asset) covered and may stand to realize significant gains in the event that the price of any stock or asset covered herein moves in that position's favor. Following publication of anything on this site or other TFB social media site, I may continue transacting in the securities covered herein, and may be long, short, or neutral at any time hereafter regardless of our initial recommendation, conclusions, or opinions. This is not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any security, nor shall any security be offered or sold to any person, in any jurisdiction in which such offer would be unlawful under the securities laws of such jurisdiction. To the best of my ability and belief, all information contained herein is accurate and reliable, and has been obtained from public sources I believe to be accurate and reliable, and who are not insiders or connected persons of the stock or asset covered herein or who may otherwise owe any fiduciary duty or duty of confidentiality to the issuer. However, such information is presented “as is,” without warranty of any kind – whether express or implied. TFB makes no representation, express or implied, as to the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of any such information or with regard to the results to be obtained from its use. All expressions of opinion are subject to change without notice, and TFB does not undertake to update or supplement this site or my social media or any of the information contained herein.

@ a7bbc310:fe7b7be3

In 2018 I started doing film photography. I asked myself what could I do that was unique. So, I tried taking picture at local gig venues. I’d look around and everyone was using digital cameras. I had a limited number of shots I could take, inconsistent lighting at different venues but some delayed gratification of not knowing how the images would turn out until I developed them. I’d come home late from a show and be up until the early hours developing and scanning the images. 2020 put a stop to that. It’s something I’d like to start again. I’ll be sharing some of my favourite images I from my badly categorised/labled folders.  Artist in photo is called Conner Youngblood. It’s been interesting to listen to his most recent projects (Cascades, Cascading, Cascadingly) to compare to his earlier ones (Australia) Australia is a stripped back, couple guitars, vox and drums. Most recent has a few more vocal effects and electronica sounds. A comparison I would make would be Bon Iver’s - Emma with their 3rd album 22, a million. As a when I arrange the files on my HD, I’ll be share a few more band photos.

@ 5e13e5d5:217fe898

<p>With the rapid development of science and technology, communication technology has penetrated into all aspects of our lives, but the accompanying security risks cannot be ignored. As an effective technical means, signal jamming technology has gradually attracted people's attention in the field of public security in recent years. This article will explore the application of <a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/">signal jammer</a> in public security and its potential impact.</p> <h2> Basic concept of signal jammer</h2> <p>Signal jammer, as the name suggests, is a device used to interfere with or block signals of a specific frequency. By emitting electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency, signal jammers can effectively shield or weaken the reception of certain wireless signals, thereby preventing unnecessary information transmission. Signal jammers have a wide range of application scenarios, from countermeasures in the military field to security protection in the civilian field.</p> <p><a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/t-us-08-6-high-power-wi-fi-blocker-for-classroom/"><img src="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/1-1-300x293.jpg" alt="Simple to use iPhone Cell Phone Jammer for Classroom" width="450"/></a></p> <h3> Application in public security</h3> <h4> 1. Preventing terrorist attacks</h4> <p>In some important public places, such as airports, stadiums, and large conferences, signal jammers can be used to prevent terrorists from remotely detonating bombs through mobile phones and other devices. Such devices can create a &quot;jamming area&quot; in a critical area, making communications related to explosive devices impossible, thereby effectively reducing the risk of terrorist attacks.</p> <p><a title="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/cell-phone-jammer-blocker-for-gsm-5g/" href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/cell-phone-jammer-blocker-for-gsm-5g/">https://www.thejammerblocker.com/cell-phone-jammer-blocker-for-gsm-5g/</a></p> <h4> 2. Maintaining public order</h4> <p>In some special cases, such as demonstrations or large gatherings, in order to prevent criminals from using mobile phones to organize or incite, law enforcement agencies can choose to use signal jammers moderately. By interfering with the communication signals at the scene, the organization ability of criminals can be effectively weakened, thereby maintaining public order.</p> <h4> 3. Criminal investigation</h4> <p>During criminal investigations, the police sometimes need to monitor certain targets. Signal jammers can be used to block the communication between suspects and the outside world, so as to further obtain evidence or make arrests. However, this method must be carried out within the scope permitted by law to avoid infringing personal privacy.</p> <h4> 4. Security precautions</h4> <p>In some special places, such as prisons and important laboratories, <a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/gps-jammer-car-tracker-blocker/">gps blocker</a> can prevent jailbreaks or leaks. By interfering with mobile phone signals, prisoners can be effectively prevented from contacting the outside world and ensuring the safety of the place.</p> <h3> Potential impacts and legal ethical issues</h3> <p>Although signal jammers have many applications in public safety, their use also faces some potential impacts and legal ethical issues. First, the use of signal jammers may infringe on personal freedom of communication. Interference with citizens' mobile phone signals may affect their ability to seek help in an emergency. Secondly, if the jammer is abused by criminals, it may lead to social chaos. Therefore, when using <a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/drone-uavs-jammers-blockers/">drone jamming device</a>, relevant departments should formulate strict usage specifications and legal frameworks to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens.</p> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>In summary, as an emerging public safety technology, <a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/wifi-bluetooth-camera-jammer-blocker/">bluetooth blocker</a> have important application value in preventing terrorist attacks, maintaining public order and criminal investigation. However, how to maintain personal privacy and freedom of communication while ensuring public safety is a question worth pondering. In the future, with the further development of science and technology, the application of signal jammers in public safety will become more and more common, but we must be vigilant about its potential impact and use this technology reasonably and legally.</p> <p><a href="https://www.thejammerblocker.com/dj-x5-military-grade-signal-jammer-device-5-antennas/">https://www.thejammerblocker.com/dj-x5-military-grade-signal-jammer-device-5-antennas/</a></p>

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/876357

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: Old model: -You work for money. -They print it. -You save your money. -They devalue it. -You invest your money. -They manipulate it. New model: -You save in Bitcoin. -There’s nothing they can do about it. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 Before we start some extra info to get you focused. 1 BTC is unreachable for the majority. The aspiration used to be 6.15. Now it's 0.1. 'Now who owns Bitcoin? 'The Answer Might Surprise You. 👉🏽Bitcoin is often misunderstood. Some think it’s controlled by a handful of institutions, others believe governments secretly hoard it. The reality? Bitcoin ownership is diverse and widely distributed across individuals, businesses, funds, and even governments. 👉🏽57% of Bitcoin is held by individuals. From everyday savers to long-term believers, Bitcoin’s largest share is in the hands of the people. 👉🏽4% belongs to businesses. Companies are increasingly adding BTC to their treasuries, recognizing its role as digital gold. 👉🏽5% is held by funds and ETFs. Bitcoin is being adopted by the financial system, providing new ways for institutions and retail investors to gain exposure. 👉🏽Governments own 2% to 3%. Whether through seized BTC or strategic holdings where states already acknowledged Bitcoin’s value. 👉🏽Around 18% is estimated to be lost forever. This actually makes Bitcoin even scarcer than its 21 million cap suggests. 👉🏽Miners and yet-to-be-mined Bitcoin represent the rest. This small remaining fraction coupled with a fixed supply means competition for mining remaining bitcoins will only increase over time. This distribution is one of the many reasons why Bitcoin is unique. Not only there is no single entity that controls it (no government or bank can print more of it), but also its distribution among the population is more fairly distributed than for any other monetary asset. Bitcoin is owned by those who understand its value, regardless of nationality, religion, skin color, political affiliation, or beliefs. Bitcoin is for everyone.' -Thomas Jeegers [](https://i.ibb.co/5gJH2pLk/Gi-XWUx0-W8-AAcp84.jpg) On the 28th of January: ➡️European Squash Federation adopts Bitcoin for its treasury. ➡️Binance under investigation for money laundering, tax fraud, and drug trafficking in France - Reuters ➡️'Metaplanet will issue 21 million new stock warrants with a 0% discount rate, raising approximately $870 million to fund additional Bitcoin purchases. This marks the largest-ever fundraising for Bitcoin purchases in the history of the Asian stock market.' -Metaplanet ➡️U.S. Senator Cynthia Lummis received a framed Bitcoin block from Marathon’s Jayson Browder to mark her role as the new chair of the Senate Banking Subcommittee on Digital Assets. MARA Pool mined the block by calculating 1,476,600,000,000,000,000,000 Bitcoin hashes within 46 seconds. ➡️'Fidelity is now bigger than Greyscale: 1. BlackRock ETF: 576k BTC 2. Fidelity ETF: 205k BTC 3. Greyscale ETF: 202k BTC' -Bitcoin for Freedom ➡️'Brazil’s state-owned oil and gas company Petrobras is reportedly assessing getting into Bitcoin mining. This is a new chapter for the company and shows how traditional industries are adapting to the digital world. Petrobras, one of the largest and most profitable oil companies in the world, is going to use excess natural gas produced during the oil extraction process to power Bitcoin mining. This will reduce energy waste and methane emissions, and create a new revenue stream for the company.' -Bitcoin News ➡️Last week, the 613-foot smokestack of the former Somerset Generating Station in Niagara County, New York was demolished. The site, now Tera Wulf Inc.’s Lake Mariner Data, will focus on Bitcoin mining and AI processing powered by hydroelectric energy ➡️'For the first time ever in Bitcoin's 16-year history, the epoch-over-epoch (EOE) growth has fallen below +100%. Pack it up, fellas.'- Wicked [](https://i.ibb.co/sJFgh93r/Gi-Zncd-PXk-AAuh.jpg) On the 29th of January: ➡️Czech central bank Governor Ales Michl said he would propose a plan to include bitcoin in the country’s official reserves, the Financial Times reported. Michl statement: 'Czech National Bank’s goal is price stability. When we took office in July 2022, inflation was 17.5%. We brought it down to target. We are also diversifying reserves—gradually increasing gold holdings from 0% to around 5% and planning for 30% in equities. An asset under consideration is Bitcoin. It currently has zero correlation to bonds and is an interesting asset for a large portfolio. Worth considering. Right now, it’s only at the stage of analysis and discussion. The Bank Board decides, and no decision is imminent. Thoughtful analysis is needed. Bitcoin has significant volatility, which makes it harder to take advantage of its current low correlation with other assets. That’s why I will ask our team on Thursday to further assess Bitcoin’s potential role in our reserves. Nothing more, nothing less. The article is very accurate, including my statement that Bitcoin could one day be worth either zero or a huge amount. At our meeting on Thursday, after discussing a document on international reserve management in 2024, the Bank Board of the Czech National Bank (CNB) approved a proposal to analyze the options for investing in additional asset classes. The central bank has been increasingly diversifying its investments over the last two years as part of its reserve management strategy. At the proposal of Governor Aleš Michl, the CNB is to assess whether it would be appropriate in terms of diversification and return to include other asset classes in the reserves as well. Based on the results of the analysis, the Bank Board will then decide how to proceed further. No changes will be implemented in this area until then. Any changes in the reserve portfolios will be disclosed in the quarterly information on the CNB’s international reserves and the CNB’s annual report.' The head of a central bank tweeting about potentially allocating to Bitcoin was not on my 2025 bingo card. ➡️Jerome Powell: "Banks are perfectly able to serve crypto customers." I love how everyone is recognizing and acknowledging Bitcoin now. Banks can custody Bitcoin on behalf of clients, create structured Bitcoin financial products, and allow customers to buy Bitcoin. Even Powell isn't badmouthing it anymore. On the 29th of January: ➡️'It is utterly remarkable that BTC Dominance is at 62% considering it's really from 45% to 62% has coincided with massive issuance of Memecoins This really is a different market, a schism between Bitcoin and Crypto.' - Steven Lubka ➡️Illinois State Rep. has introduced a bill to establish a Bitcoin Strategic Reserve. ➡️The decoupling of Bitcoin & Crypto Market Caps: [](https://i.ibb.co/svqCWGcM/Gifa-ERa-XUAA80-A8.jpg) ETH losing 50% of its value vs. BTC in the past 11 months explains the lack of enthusiasm about $100K BTC. Mitchell Hodl: '2 years ago if you sold 1 ETH and bought Bitcoin, you would have acquired ~.07 BTC. Today if you sell 1 ETH and buy Bitcoin, you’ll acquire .03 BTC. Those “toxic maximalists” were right. If it’s not BTC, it’s dogshit.' On the 3rd of February Bitcoin dominance soared over 64%. Four-year high. Massively bullish. Despite the hundreds of billions of dollars invested in crypto, Bitcoin dominance has just tagged Nov 2017 levels. At 73%, it unwinds back to the pre-ICO era. 'The truth is, there is no more alt season. The sooner you accept that, the sooner you can still build up a meaningful Bitcoin position. You're not too late. You're among the first 1-2% of people to get into bitcoin. It's time to leave this chapter of false narratives behind and get on board with something real and meaningful.' - Sam Wouters If you're trying to outperform Bitcoin with an "alt", just remember that you're mixing with a crowd that is simply trying to beat you to the exit. ➡️Senator Bob Menendez who fought against El Salvador adopting Bitcoin was just sentenced to 11 years in prison for taking bribes in Gold and Cash! Classic! ➡️INDIANA Bitcoin Bill! HB 1322 would allow 'the Hoosier state' to invest state retirement funds in Bitcoin ETFs. Nation-states, States, Companies & Individuals are clamoring to acquire Bitcoin. [](https://i.ibb.co/qYRcVvLM/Gioi-YI-XYAAw-XP2.jpg) On the 30th of January: ➡️World's largest stablecoin Tether is now minting its stablecoin on the Bitcoin Lightning Network. ➡️ECB chief Lagarde says she "is confident" that Bitcoin will not end up in the EU central bank reserves. [Here ](https://x.com/pete_rizzo_/status/1885293996412383720) is the video of how she is explaining that Bitcoin isn’t liquid, secure, or safe for EU reserves. Bitcoin trades 24/7—one of the most liquid markets in the world. Its code secures $2T+ in wealth, never hacked. It’s the most secure computer code ever written. Remember what she said on Bitcoin a while ago: 'It's a matter that needs to be agreed at a global level. If there is an escape, that escape will be used.' Oh one more: "People are happier to have a job than to have their savings protected." — Christine Lagarde, 10/30/2019 Christine Lagarde has been convicted of more crimes than the average Bitcoin user.  Oh well, the more that central banks manipulate the money, the more people will want sound money, and the more people will turn to Bitcoin. Checkmate. [](https://i.ibb.co/svsv0vZB/Gik-U1-Vp-W8-AA1-Q-V.jpg) ➡️Norway's sovereign wealth fund's indirect Bitcoin exposure has increased by 153% in the past year, reaching 3,821 BTC. Since 2020, its Bitcoin holdings have grown from 796 BTC to over 3,821 BTC, now valued at over € 350M. ➡️'A $400 home Bitcoin miner just mined a block worth OVER $330,000. They beat ONCE IN A LIFETIME odds.' -Pete Rizzo On the 31st of January: ➡️'For the first time in nearly 2 years, the Bitcoin network is running out of pending transactions to fill up new blocks. It's looking like it could happen within a few hours (only 6 block backlog). This is nothing to worry about. But if you self-custody bitcoin, it's a great time to learn about UTXOs and consolidate the ones in your wallet, which could save you thousands of dollars worth of bitcoin in the long term.' - Tom Honzik Learn more here: https://unchained.com/blog/too-many-bitcoin-utxos ➡️MicroStrategy will have up to $584m to buy more Bitcoin after its stock offering was oversubscribed by nearly 3X, increasing from 2.5M shares to 7.3M priced at $80 each. ➡️El Salvador removes Bitcoin's legal tender status and makes its acceptance voluntary, in line with IMF requirements for a $1.4B credit line. Francis Pouliot: 'Bukele bends the knee to IMF and officially abandons the original Bitcoin law that had caused Bitcoiners to move and invest there in the first place... exactly at the same time as the Bitcoin conference in El Salvador attracting Bitcoiners from all over the world.' ➡️The 2nd time this week another solo Bitcoin miner mined a $300.000 block. On the 1st of February: ➡️'For the past three consecutive months, the Bitcoin network has processed more than $2 trillion worth of transactions. That's a lot of utility!' -Pierre Rochard ➡️Retail are capitulating their Bitcoin, whilst whales are buying. Transfer of wealth from the weak hands to the strong hands. Retail investors are reducing exposure, while large investors (whales) are capitalizing on this opportunity to accumulate. Historically, this divergence aligns with accumulation phases before price appreciation. ➡️So far, so good: Spot bitcoin ETFs pulled in $4.94 billion in January, which annualizes to ~$59 billion. For context: In all of 2024, they brought in $35.2 billion. On the 3rd of February: ➡️Ethereum just fell -37% in 60 hours since the trade war headlines mid-day on Friday. ➡️$2B liquidated in 24 hours. That’s a record. More than the COVID dump. More than the FTX collapse. ➡️Trump signs an executive order to create a sovereign wealth fund spearheaded by Howard Lutnick and Scott Bessent. Both are avowedly pro-Bitcoin. ➡️New Record Bitcoin Network Computer Hashrate: 800,000,000,000,000,000,000x per second ➡️OKLAHOMA BITCOIN BILL SB 315 allows state employees (and all OK residents) to receive payments in Bitcoin. The bill has progressed to Committee consideration. ➡️'Solid, data-driven reporting on why Bitcoin mining is increasingly regarded among energy experts, academics, and those in the environmental movement as a net positive to the environment across several fronts.' - Daniel Batten on the Mara report. https://x.com/MARAHoldings/status/1880063353168753133 ➡️$562m leveraged Bitcoin positions liquidated as the price plunged as low as $91,359 this morning. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: On the 27th of January: 👉🏽Over $787 billion was wiped out from the US stock market today. On the 28th of January: 👉🏽'Amazon, Google, Meta, Microsoft, and Oracle's CapEx are expected to reach a record $274 billion this year. This would be more than DOUBLE the CapEx posted in 2021 and $127 billion more than in 2023. Amazon, and Microsoft, are expected to spend $86 billion and $63 billion, respectively. Spending has accelerated as Big Tech invests in more advanced chips from firms like Nvidia, and large data centers to store them. The big question is whether China’s DeepSeek will disrupt this trend. Is AI spending out of control?' -TKL But meanwhile: 'Magnificent 7 stocks have underperformed the market in 2025: The Magnificent 7 stocks are down -1.4% while the S&P 500 itself is up ~2.9%. Meanwhile, the remaining 493 stocks in the S&P 500 have gained +6.6%. To put this into perspective, in 2024, the Magnificent 7 stocks returned +67.4% while the remaining 493 firms gained just +5.0%.' -TKL 👉🏽MicroStratey today announced the launch of STRK a new convertible preferred stock offering available to institutional investors & select retail investors. To view the investor presentation video, learn more about participating, & access key details, click [here](https://www.microstrategy.com/press/microstrategy-announces-proposed-strk-preferred-stock-offering_01-27-2025). 👉🏽Microsoft shares closed down 6.2% on the worst day since 2022. If only they had listened to Saylor's 3-minute Bitcoin pitch. ## 🏦Banks:  👉🏽Global central banks now hold more Gold than at any point in the past 45 years. Something is brewing. ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 28th of January: 👉🏽'Positions Europe to play a leading role globally.' Inhale, exhale! The EU bureaucrats are stifling innovation. The EU developed the AI Act instead of AI. To paraphrase Geoffrey Howe, the EU is like a man who knows 364 ways of making love but doesn’t know any women. [](https://i.ibb.co/BVzLxvKp/Gi-Yc-C-x-Ws-AA1eme.jpg) Europe also innovated with 'smart waste bins'. The sad this is, I couldn't even refute that now. What groundbreaking future technology has Europe produced in the last 30, 40 50 years? Europe is done. No Bitcoin, no AI, no tech, no nothing. Regulation fees are becoming their only source of revenue. Wrong side of history, they'll be left behind. 👉🏽Jeroen Blokland: 'China has literally bought its 5% growth target, issuing and swapping tons of DEBT! China's budget deficit is expected to have hit a whopping 7.1% of GDP in 2024. Why do you think China's 10-year yield is at 1.60%? In a world full of debt, invest in scarce assets!' 👉🏽The following is from last week's Weekly Recap: 'The rich are getting richer faster than ever before: US household net worth has risen ~$56 TRILLION since Q1 2020 and hit a record $160 trillion in Q3 2024. Currently, the top 10% own $111 trillion of all wealth, accounting for 69% of the total. The top 0.1% alone own a massive $22 trillion, reflecting 14% of household net worth. On the other hand, the bottom 50% holds just $3.9 trillion, or 2.4% of wealth. This comes as the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq 100 have risen 128% and 166% since Q1 2020 while national home prices have surged ~50%. The wealth gap is growing.' -TKL Just to elaborate on that, in 1990 the wealth gap between the top 1% and the bottom 50% was $3 trillion. Incredible chart! [](https://i.ibb.co/60ckYL3V/Gi-Yafk7-W8-AAy-Giw.jpg) Now the gap is $40 trillion. Ask yourself why. Has there been more or less government since 1990? Is there more or less money printing? Cantillion things I guess, and oh don't forget if it was adjusted for inflation it would be even worse, the red line would be pointed down. 👉🏽Ursula von der Leyen: " Dear Christine, dear ECB Governing Council Europe’s competitiveness is our shared interest—and an urgent challenge. The Savings and Investments Union must become a reality. It is so needed. Looking forward to our great work together also in this new mandate." You mean: "We will grab and redistribute your savings." These people (one convicted criminal - Lagarde) are so out of touch with reality. And a new mandate? Are you kidding me? 👉🏽Jeroen Blokland: 'Germany is heading for something 'unique!' BDI, which calls itself 'The Voice of German Industry,' expects the German economy to shrink again in 2025. That would mean three consecutive years of GDP decline. How do German politicians explain this, and how does this reconcile with the re-election of that other German politician, Ursula von der Leyen?' On the 29th of January: 👉🏽'SUMMARY OF FED DECISION (1/29/2025): 1. Fed leaves rates unchanged, pausing the "Fed Pivot" 2. The decision to halt cuts was a unanimous 12-0 vote 3. Fed says inflation "remains somewhat elevated" 4. The Fed says "Unemployment has stabilized at a low level" 5. Statement on progress toward 2% inflation removed 6. The Fed seems to be aware disinflation has stalled The battle against inflation continues in 2025.' -TKL 👉🏽Americans spent over $113 billion on lottery tickets last year, which is more than they spent on movies, books, concerts, and sports tickets - combined. James Lavish: 'Central Banks have turned otherwise normal people into desperate gamblers trying to keep up with the cost of everything.' 👉🏽Gold prices surge to a new all-time high of $2840/oz. Gold prices are now up +40% in 12 months as the US Dollar and interest rates are up sharply. This has never happened in history. Gold is telling us something.' -TKL Yes, let me use the following quote by Lawrence Lepard: 'Analog sound money saying sovereign debt crisis inbound.' But remember, Gold hit an ATH in USD but an ATL in Bitcoin. Fiat money is absolute garbage and Bitcoin is superior to both. On the 30th of January: 👉🏽The ECB, Christine Lagarde:  'We’re redesigning euro banknotes! Our Governing Council has selected motifs based on our two chosen themes, “European culture” and “Rivers and birds”. We’ll be launching a design contest later this year to help us select the final designs in 2026.' [](https://i.ibb.co/67GBJrhm/Gin-UBzd-XYAAj-Kb-V.jpg) On the 31st of January: 👉🏽Germany's unemployment rate hits its highest level in almost 10 years. The unemployment rate spiked by 0.4% to 6.4%. 👉🏽December PCE inflation, the Fed's preferred inflation measure, RISES to 2.6%, in line with expectations of 2.6%. Core PCE inflation was 2.8%, in line with expectations of 2.8%. PCE inflation is now at its highest level since May 2024. On the 1st of February: 👉🏽 The DOJ just argued that your money isn’t actually property—so the government can take it at will. If that sounds insane, it’s because it is. A federal court will decide if this madness stands. https://reason.com/2025/01/31/the-government-says-money-isnt-property-so-it-can-take-yours/ The money in your bank isn’t actually yours. Only Bitcoin can fix this. Still think you don't need Bitcoin? ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: ++++ Preston Pysh podcast with Lawrence Lepard: 'Exploring the roots of broken money, the moral case for sound currency, and how Bitcoin offers hope for a decentralized financial future.' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxB8M8q8hQ8 Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code BITCOINFRIDAY Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple.⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

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Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell has been around for a long time. I first read this book maybe about 10 years ago, but this time around I read it from the perspective of marketing, and PR. Gladwell is a highly controversial and thought-provoking author - and while I often both agree and disagree, I'm impressed by how he links and simplifies his ideas to real-world examples from sports, fashion, social attributes, genes, religion, kids, politics, history and more. If you have similar or opposing views on Gladwell’s takes; I’d love to hear it This book talks about how niche or idiosyncratic trends become mainstream. If I were to re-read books related to these topics again, to understand the concepts better, I would read all 4 books in the following sequence : 1. Crossing the Chasm; Marketing and selling disruptive products to mainstream customers by Geoffrey A.Moore 2. Tipping Point; How little things can make a big difference by Malcolm Gladwell 3. Made to Stick; Why some ideas survive and others die by Chip and Dan Heath 4. Contagious; Why Things Catch On by Jonah Berger (I've shared No 1 a long time ago, and No 4 recently. This is No 2) Now, onto Gladwell's take - 3 factors can make an idea spread like wildfire or become contagious like an epidemic : 1. Law of The Few - influence of a few individuals 2. Stickiness Factor - how messages stick in people’s minds 3. The Power of Context - how environment and circumstances affect outcome The overarching concept is how small actions can lead to significant and unexpected outcomes very quickly 1. Law of the Few - talks about connectors, mavens and salespeople. These are people who are your links to groups, and communities and make the messages spread. Some examples shared - Paul Revere as the connector - he is famously known for his midnight ride, went town to town, knocked on each door, spread the right message and everyone was ready for the British invaders by morning leading to the American Revolution. William Dawes took on the same mission in the West of Boston but did not have the same impact - which concludes that connectors have a special gift of spreading messages Another example is six degrees of separation - and eventually, the points of contact will be connectors More people find jobs through connections Needle exchange programme - discovered that the “insiders” collect all the used needles, exchange them for fresh ones and sell them for a dollar each to drug addicts. While this wasn't the original plan for needle exchange, it was effective as the insiders knew where the junkies were, when they were used etc and effectively got them fresh needles. Connectors are people who know a lot of people, and also, the kind of people that they know. They bring people together, there’s no snobbery. They may not be the first to discover it, but they are the people who can broadcast it. Mavens are people who are experts in certain areas and accumulate knowledge. Salespeople are persuaders. Sometimes you can find all 3 in one, sometimes they are different individuals 2. The second factor is the stickiness factor and understanding what keeps people glued. Examples include : Tetanus shot - In an experiment, half of the students received a "high fear" booklet on tetanus and the other half a regular one. The high fear group was more convinced but only 3% got the shot. The second time, a booklet with schedules and shot locations improved adoption, showing persuasion alone was not enough - the right information sealed the deal. Sesame Street - getting children to stay focused on a TV programme. The observation is that children would only like straightforward information and can get distracted from time to time - hence every few minutes, there is a “distractor” on the show that switches the kids' focus and back. The concept of a "distractor" refers to something attention-grabbing or visually stimulating that can potentially divert a child's focus from the educational content being presented such as colourful puppets, catchy songs, and entertaining characters like Elmo. These distractors are strategically woven into the show to maintain children's interest and keep them engaged in the main educational program Blue Clues took it a step further and made it engaging for the kids to participate by answering questions and repeating many times The factors that make a message stick are: Repetition, Distractor (something unexpected or unusual that captures people's attention), Unexpectedness ( things that are out of the ordinary), Concreteness, Emotion, Simplicity, Credibility, Storytelling 3. The Power of Context was quite interesting - It says that human beings are a lot more sensitive to their environment than they may seem. It retells the idea of PR and the importance of it. An example is the Broken Window Theory, which highlights how people's behaviour can change based on their environment. For instance, in a poorer community, you're more likely to observe higher social issues, whereas in an improved community in terms of proper infrastructure, and visually appealing, the same individuals tend to exhibit and experience fewer problems. The example referred to the NY subway problems in the 80s and how it was reduced drastically. Another well-known experiment is the Stanford Prison Experiment. In this study, individuals were assigned the roles of either prisoners or guards. The environment was transformed to resemble a grim prison, leading the guards to exhibit cruelty while the prisoners lost their sense of self, referring to themselves by numbers. The experiment was called off after just six days. The power of context talks about the importance of Nature over Nurture and the influence of Peers that impacts how you react and make decisions. Other examples were the teen smoking epidemic, and the suicide epidemic (these two were on how to contain it) 4. Some other examples that are related to community building If you want to bring about a fundamental change in people’s beliefs and behaviour, a change that would persist and serve as an example to others, you need to create a community around them, where those new beliefs could be practised and expressed and nurtured. Examples - the Methodist group spread - John Wesley who went from town to town, met with the locals, set up communities and connected it. Another example is the Ya-Ya sisterhood book - this did not spread early on, but it did when the author when town to town over a year and reached out to the book clubs Both the above two examples talked about a continuous time frame of say 1 year of going from location to location (both within a country) to spread the message. 150 seems like a good number within a small community to have effective engagement. Anything more leads to a new community, to build up the next 150. Gladwell gave many examples from tribes (Hutterites) to the corporate environment that uses this concept. To serve as incubators for contagious messages, the group has to be kept below the 150 Tipping Point. One last example - there was a campaign to spread awareness of diabetes - and this was done in churches for its large group of people - but it did not catch on because people were tired, hungry, and wanted to go home. So the campaign shifted location to saloons and that picked up because people were relaxed and spent hours there. In comparison to the diffusion model - connectors to me are not the early adopters, but rather the key spokesperson in the early minorities. Connectors also translate the message of the innovators into something the rest of us can understand. In summary - The tipping point talks about the possibility of doing a lot with a little - by concentrating on a few key areas - to make something spread. The "Law of the Few" emphasizes that Connectors, Mavens, and Salesmen drive word-of-mouth epidemics, so concentrate resources on them if you want to start one. Stickiness - the key is to package information irresistibly - you just need to discover how. The "Power of Context" reveals our profound sensitivity to environmental changes. Our inner states reflect our outer circumstances.

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During tough economic times, governments have to decide if they should open markets to global trade or protect local businesses with tariffs. The United States has swung between these two strategies, and history shows that the results are never straightforward Just days ago, President Donald Trump imposed tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, and China. He framed these tariffs (25% on most Canadian goods, 10% on Canadian energy, 25% on Mexican imports, and 10% on Chinese imports) as a way to protect American industries. But will they actually help, or could they backfire? ### A History of U.S. Tariffs Many have asked if countries will retaliate against the US. They can and they have. Once upon a time, 60 countries were so pissed off at the US, they retaliated at one go and crushed US dominance over trade. This was during the Great Depression era in the 1930s when the government passed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, placing high taxes on over 20,000 foreign goods. The goal was to protect American jobs, especially American farmers and manufacturers, but it backfired so badly. Over 60 countries, including Canada, France, and Germany, retaliated by imposing their own tariffs. By 1933, US imports and exports both dropped significantly over 60%, and unemployment rose to 25%. After President Franklin Roosevelt came to office, he implemented the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934 to reverse these policies, calming the world down and reviving trade again. ### The economist history of protectionism The idea of shielding local businesses with tariffs isn’t new or recent. It's been around for a few centuries. In the 16th to 18th centuries, mercantilism encouraged countries to limit imports and boost exports. In the 18th century, Adam Smith, in The Wealth of Nations, argued that free trade allows nations to specialize in what they do best countering protectionism policies. Friedrich List later challenged Smith's view by stating that developing countries need some protection to grow their “infant” industries which is a belief that still influences many governments today. But how often do governments truly support startups and new small businesses in ways that create real growth, rather than allowing funds to trickle down to large corporations instead? In modern times, John Maynard Keynes supported government intervention during economic downturns, while Milton Friedman championed free trade and minimal state interference. Paul Krugman argued that limited protectionism can help large industries by providing them unfair advantages to become global market leaders. I have deep reservations about Krugman’s take, particularly on its impact or lack thereof in globalizing small businesses. The debate between free trade and protectionism has existed for centuries. What’s clear is that there is no one-size-fits-all model to this. ### The Political Debate Both the left and right have used tariffs but for different reasons. The right supports tariffs to protect jobs and industries, while the left uses them to prevent multinational corporations from exploiting cheap labor abroad. Neoliberal policies favor free trade, arguing that competition drives efficiency and growth. In the US this gets a little bit confusing as liberals are tied to the left, and free trade is tied to libertarianism which the rights align closely with, yet at present right wing politicians push for protectionism which crosses the boundaries of free-trade. There are also institutions like the WTO and IMF who advocate for open markets, but their policies often reflect political alliances and preferential treatment - so it depends on what you define as true 'free trade’. ### Who Really Benefits from Tariffs? Most often, tariffs help capital-intensive industries like pharmaceuticals, tech, and defense, while hurting labor-intensive sectors like manufacturing, agriculture, and construction. This worsens inequality as big corporations will thrive, while small businesses and working-class people struggle with rising costs and fewer job opportunities. I’ve been reading through international trade economics out of personal interest, I'll share some models below on why this is the case #### 1. The Disruption of Natural Trade Tariffs disrupt the natural flow of trade. The Heckscher-Ohlin model explains that countries export goods that match their resources like Canada’s natural resource energy or China’s labour intensive textile and electronics. When tariffs block this natural exchange, industries suffer. A clear example was Europe’s energy crisis during the Russia-Ukraine war. By abruptly cutting themselves off from the supply of Russian energy, Europe scrambled to find alternative sources. In the end, it was the people who had to bear the brunt of skyrocketing prices of energy. #### 2. Who wins and who loses? The Stolper-Samuelson theorem helps us understand who benefits from tariffs and who loses. The idea behind it is that tariffs benefit capital-intensive industries, while labor-intensive sectors are hurt. In the US, small manufacturing industries that rely on low-cost imports on intermediary parts from countries like China and Mexico will face rising costs, making their final goods too expensive and less competitive. This is similar to what happened to Argentina, where subsidies and devaluation of pesos contributed to cost-push inflation, making locally produced goods more expensive and less competitive globally. This also reminded me of the decline of the US Rust Belt during the 1970s and 1980s, where the outsourcing of labour-intensive manufacturing jobs led to economic stagnation in many regions in the Midwest, while capital-intensive sectors flourished on the coasts. It resulted in significantly high income inequality that has not improved over the last 40 years. Ultimately the cost of economic disruption is disproportionately borne by smaller businesses and low-skilled workers. At the end of the day, the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. #### 3. Delays in Economic Growth The Rybczynski theorem suggests that economic growth depends on how efficiently nations reallocate their resources toward capital- or labor-intensive industries. But tariffs can distort this transition and progress. In the 70s and 80s, the US steel industry had competition from Japan and Germany who modernized their production methods, making their steel more efficient and cost-effective. Instead of prioritizing innovation, many U.S. steel producers relied on tariffs and protectionist measures to shield themselves from foreign competition. This helped for a bit but over time, American steelmakers lost global market share as foreign competitors continued to produce better, cheaper steel. Other factors, such as aging infrastructure, and economic shifts toward a service-based economy, further contributed to the industry's decline. A similar struggle is seen today with China’s high-tech ambitions. Tariffs on Chinese electronics and technology products limit access to key inputs, such as semiconductors and advanced robotics. While China continues its push for automation and AI-driven manufacturing, these trade barriers increase costs and disrupt supply chains, forcing China to accelerate its decoupling from Western markets. This shift could further strengthen alliances within BRICS, as China seeks alternative trade partnerships to reduce reliance on U.S.-controlled financial and technological ecosystems. Will the current Tariff imposition backfire and isolate the US like it did a hundred years ago or 50 years ago? Is US risking it's position as a trusted economic leader? Only time would tell ### The impact of tariff on innovation - or lack thereof While the short-term impacts of tariffs often include higher consumer prices and job losses, the long-term effects can be even more damaging, as they discourage innovation by increasing costs and reducing competition. Some historical examples globally : * Nigeria: Blocking import of rice opened up black market out of desperation to survive. * Brazil: Protectionist car policies led to expensive, outdated vehicles. * Malaysia’s Proton: Sheltered by tariffs and cronyism and failed to compete globally. * India (before 1991): Over-regulation limited the industries, until economic reforms allowed for growth. * Soviet Union during Cold War : Substandard products and minimal innovation due to the absence of foreign alternatives, yielding to economic stagnation. On the flip side, Vietnam has significantly reduced protectionism policies by actively pursuing free trade agreements. This enabled it to become a key manufacturing hub. But Vietnam is not stopping there as it is actively pushing forward its capital-intensive growth by funding entrepreneurs. ### The Future of U.S. Tariffs History has shown that tariffs rarely deliver their intended benefits without unintended consequences. While they may provide temporary relief, they often raise prices, shrink job opportunities, and weaken industries in the long run. Without a clear strategy for innovation and industrial modernization, the U.S. risks repeating past mistakes of isolating itself from global trade rather than strengthening its economy. At this point, only time will tell whether these tariffs will truly help Americans or will they, once again, make the rich richer and the poor poorer.

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

***Tree branches. 4' x 4' [Littleton, USA. 2016]*** --- #### Introduction Platte captures a tranquil bend of the South Platte River, where the steady flow of water meets the rugged backdrop of Waterton Canyon. This lens offers a moment of respite, encouraging visitors to step away from the river’s busy recreational activities and focus on the quiet beauty of this secluded scene. #### Site & Placement Positioned on the west bank of the South Platte River, the lens directs attention to the water’s gentle curves and the canyon rising in the background. A bench placed 12 feet away provides the perfect spot for reflection, emphasizing the interplay of movement and stillness in the landscape. #### Impermanence & Integration The lens, constructed from branches and stone, mirrors the ever-changing nature of the river itself. As it stands, it frames a single moment within the flow of time, but its materials will soon be reclaimed by the earth, echoing the river’s constant reshaping of the land. #### Reflection Platte invites viewers to contemplate the river’s journey—its constancy in motion and its quiet persistence. The work becomes a metaphor for life’s flow, urging us to find beauty in the transient and the enduring alike. --- ## Photos        --- #### More from the 'Earth Lens' Series: [Earth Lens Series: Artist Statement + List of Works](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) ["Looking Glass" (Earth Lens 001)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1736304563962/) ["Folsom" (Earth Lens 002)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1737844073125/) ["Sanctuary" (Earth Lens 003)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) [COMING SOON: "Grandfather" (Earth Lens 005)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) [COMING SOON: "Chongming" (Earth Lens 006)](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) --- #### More from Hes [Portfolio](https://hesart.npub.pro) [Online Store](https://plebeian.market/community/hes@nostrplebs.com/hesmart-ym3fcufdfz) [Artist Statements](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/art/) [Travel Guides](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/travel/) [Photography](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/photography) [Money](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/money) [Tech](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/tech) --- *All images are credit of Hes, but you are free to download and use for any purpose. If you find joy from my art, please feel free to send a zap. Enjoy life on a Bitcoin standard.*

@ c43d6de3:a6583169

 Right this moment, 5.52 billion pairs of hands are within arm’s reach of the internet. Hands stretch across pillows, eagerly reaching for phones first thing in the morning. Fingertips tap at keyboards and swipe across glowing glass. The world has never been so connected. Billions of conversations are happening every second. Yet, humanity has never been so quiet. Hotel lobbies, waiting rooms, train stations, and airports — places once buzzing with the chatter of strangers — now lie quieter than libraries. Most libraries don’t exist in the physical sense anymore. Humanity Has Gone Mute.  Small talk is disappearing. The tiniest thoughts are condensed into 280 characters to be posted on X, hoping to garner hearts, claps, zaps, or whatever gimmick social media platforms use to keep us tethered to their feeds. Instead of sharing these thoughts with the few souls occupying the same physical space as us, we broadcast them into the digital void. Gone are the genuine, physical reactions — a smile, a laugh, maybe a headshake if a joke didn’t land. Who needs small talk, right? Wasn’t it just that awkward thing people did before cellphones and the internet existed? No. The silence is worse. It’s the manifestation of relational decay. That’s why people talked. People talked about the weather or about Mrs. Jones’ dog that always gets out. That’s what helped neighbors scale one another’s emotional fences and get to know one another. It was, and always will be, the first step to any meaningful relationship. Today, small talk has been relegated to social feeds and forums. It’s easier to make a friend across the planet than to make one next door. People fall into the trap of chasing likes, followers, and fame, while their local connections — the ones critical to mental health and a sense of purpose — fade into the background. Maybe I’m out of touch. Maybe I just don’t get out enough. But as a member of the Army Reserves, I’ve experienced something rare. Once a month, I attend drill, and once a year, we’re sent on an annual training that can last up to thirty days. During those thirty days, we’re often shipped off to a place far from the internet. And in that time, something remarkable happens: small talk comes back to life. It’s incredible to watch my fellow Soldiers connect. The relationships we have before training versus after are night and day. And it all starts with small talk — simple jokes, shared gripes, and the mundane details that snowball into camaraderie. When we’re forced to take that first step to avoid the boredom of silence, we discover one another’s existence. It’s a reminder that sometimes, the absence of convenience is what sparks true connection. Small talk isn’t just filler. It’s the foundation of relationships. Maybe it’s time to put down the phone, look around, and say something — anything — to the person next to you. While the world may feel quieter than ever, the potential for connection has never been stronger. ----------- I want to show the world that life is a scroll riddled with ink. The marks will only ever be simple blots on the parchment unless you pause and perceive them for the characters they are. Thank you for reading. If you liked this article let me know with a zap and share with friends you feel might enjoy it too!

@ c43d6de3:a6583169

## Reflection on Growth and Gratitude  Ah, the Holidays… That time of year when we return where it all began. The hustle and grind of the past twelve months has built to a fever pitch, and whatever we’ve achieved — or failed to — clings to us like a weight on our shoulders as we step onto the doorsteps of home. It’s a time of reunions, of seeing faces that knew us before careers, titles, and responsibilities etched lines into our brows. Eyes linger a moment too long, quietly assessing: “Have they changed?” “Have they succeeded?” “How much weight have they gained — or lost?” And then come the words — warm, congratulatory, or otherwise. “You look amazing!” they’ll gush, or worse, the silence of unspoken judgment. Later, with old friends, the comparisons begin. It’s subtle, unspoken, but there. This year, as I stood in front of my best friend’s meticulously polished Porsche SUV, a gift to his wife, the voice in my head wasn’t congratulating him. It was whispering something else: envy.  I was happy for him — truly. I congratulated him on being in a position to give his wife something so extravagant. But as we spent the day together, subtle hints started to pile up, revealing there was more to his gift than I’d initially thought. Since the last time I’d seen him, he’d grown significantly wealthier. There were comments and allusions that suggested he might even be a millionaire. What started as a faint whisper of envy in the back of my mind soon ignited into a flame of curiosity — and, I’ll admit, a touch of self-pity. I couldn’t help but wonder: How the hell did he do it? I tried to play it cool, to not make a fuss about it, but it was gnawing at me. I’d spent the last 12 months busting my ass, juggling work, two kids, and a wife, barely keeping my head above water. He had kids. He was married. He worked a full-time job. Yet, somehow, he was fitter than me, his house was tidier than mine, and everything I struggled to maintain at a high standard seemed effortlessly better in his world. What was I missing? I fought the urge to chalk it up to something simple, like a secret inheritance from a wealthy relative I didn’t know about. Maybe, his grandfather passed and left him a fortune? Our conversation deepened. I started to understand more about his daily routines and professional growth. There was no silver bullet. No stroke of luck or hidden windfall. He was simply outworking me in every way imaginable. Looking at him in his beautiful home, talking about his plans and the ways he still aspired to grow, took me back to when we were kids. Back to the times we would sit on the porch, watching cars roll by, projecting our dreams into the world. He had turned those dreams into reality — and now, here he was, setting his sights on even higher ceilings to break through. I felt a pang of shame for the envy stirring inside me. What had I been doing wrong? We were essentially the same person. We grew up in the same neighborhood, shared the same circle of friends all the way through college, believed in the same values, and approached life with the same mindset. But as I listened to him, I realized we had the same foundations and potential, yet we executed differently. He was waking up at 4 a.m. to pursue the things he loved, knowing his busy days wouldn’t allow for it otherwise. Meanwhile, I was hitting snooze, sleeping until the last possible moment before scrambling to get the kids ready and start my day. I’d been putting off the things I love — like writing. I’d turned down opportunities for higher-paying jobs because I feared they’d chip away at the little time I already had. The envy I’d felt began to crystalize, forming a smooth, reflective surface — and staring back at me was my own face. That’s when it hit me: I was actually lucky. What better friend could I ask for than someone who serves as a reflection of a better version of myself? What better inspiration could there be than the drive to return next year and say, “Hey man, I’m right there with you.”  Not everyone returns from the holidays feeling inspired. Most head back to their “real” lives with bags of half-thought-out gifts, a few extra pounds around the waist, and the quiet relief of leaving their hometown behind. Many start the new year armed with a list of goals but rarely with a clear vision of the person they want to become. The seed of envy grew into something better in me; a desire to do more, to be more. Cheers to you, bud. Here’s to the push I needed. #Envy #growNostr #Friends

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

 Pre-Foundational learning for these participants has now kicked off in the Bitcoin Design Community, check out the #⁠education channel on the [Bitcoin.Design](https://Bitcoin.Design) [Discord channel](https://discord.com/channels/903125802726596648/1260871907050393620). ## 🪇 10 talented participants from South America will be: Learning bitcoin UX Design fundamentals using the Bitcoin Design Guide Working hands-on with South American-built products to evaluate their user experiences and support builders with data > Attending [BTC++ in Florianópolis](https://btcplusplus.dev/conf/floripa) This initiative is sponsored by the [Human Rights Foundation](https://HRF.org) in collaboration with the [Bitcoin Design Foundation](https://bitcoindesignfoundation.org/) and [Area Bitcoin](https://areabitcoin.co). ## 🥅 Goals: - Empower local talent to improve the UX of South American bitcoin products - seeing their passion and drive to bring bitcoin to their countries is really inspiring - Create meaningful relationships with wallet developers through practical collaboration - Scale bitcoin adoption by improving the user experience - Create a public knowledge base: All research conducted in Africa and South America will be made publicly available for builders originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/876215

@ dd1f9d50:06113a21

#### **(Because Most People Don’t Understand Money)** #### The requisite knowledge needed to know whether $100 or $100,000 per Bitcoin is relatively speaking “a lot,” is what value means. One way to measure value is through a universal yardstick we call “Money.” The question of “What is money?” is perhaps one of the most overlooked and under answered in our day and age. There is even an entire podcast dedicated to that question with the eponymous title, hosted by Robert Breedlove. That podcast often delves into the more philosophical underpinnings whereas I hope to approach this with a more practical answer. **Money is a technology.** Money is the technology with which we interact with one another to reorganize goods and services to the place and time they are best suited. Most money of the past has been tangible (though not a requisite feature), scarce, recognizable (read: verifiable), durable, portable, and divisible. These features one might call the “Attributes of Money.” These attributes are absolutely essential for a money to maintain its status as a money. (Those of you who understand the U.S. Dollar system maybe scratching your heads right now but, believe me, I will address that elephant in due time.) These attributes, you may notice, are not a yes or no but more of a gradient. A money can be MORE portable than another yet, less durable. One more divisible but not scarce whatsoever. The point being they must have, in some capacity, these attributes or they simply aren’t money. **One of These Things is Not Like the Other** | | **Bitcoin** | **Gold** | **Dollars** | |-----------------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|:------------------------------------------------------------------:|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:| | **Scarcity** | 21 million coins <br />is the maximum supply | Unknown- the <br />supply grows roughly 2% per year | Also unknown to anyone outside of the Federal Reserve, Trillions and counting | | **Recognizability** | Each coin is verifiable to it's genesis on the timechain | Each molecule of gold has distinct physical verifiable properties | If the Federal reserve says it is a valid note, it is (Unless you are an enemy of the United States) | | **Durablility** | Each "Bitcoin" is information stored on a globally distributed network | Doesn't Rust and as far as can be measured Au197 is stable forever | Can be destroyed by any means that effect fabric and centralized databases | | **Portability** | Available wherever data can be store- Anywhere | Can be moved at 9.81 Newtons per Kilogram- Methods may vary | Can be moved physically with fabric notes- Digitally with express permission from a US accredited banking institution | | **Divisibility** | Currently can be divided into 100 million parts called Sats (can be further subdivided by adding decimal places) | Can be divided to the Atomic level (Though not practical) | Can be divided (without dilution) by adding new denominative bills or coinage<br />Can be divided (with dilution) by printing new bills or coinage | | | **Bitcoin** | **Gold** | **Dollars** | You may think with all of the great functionality of Bitcoin that the phrase "One of these things is not like the other" refers to BTC. No, I was referring to the Dollar. It is the only one on the list that was a currency that was substituted as some kind of faux money. It asserts itself, or rather the Federal Reserve asserts it, as money, de facto. **Dollars are NOT money.** Dollars are (allegedly) a currency. If money is a specific technology, currency is the financial infrastructure that allows that technology to reach and be used by the most number of people possible. This requires a firm tether between the asset being used as money and the currency used as a claim to that money. For example: If I hand you a chicken, you have a chicken. But, if I hand you a coupon that is redeemable for a chicken, you do not have a chicken. You have a claim to a chicken that is only as good as the party making that claim. Bringing it back to money again, dollars (Prior to 1971) were redeemable for gold at a rate of $35 per ounce. This is that strong tether that pegged dollars to gold and physical reality itself. Without a proof of work, mining, . Until… **WTF Happened in 1971?** The Nixon shock happened. Briefly, The U.S. took in Europe’s gold in the 1940’s to keep it out of Hitler’s hands. The U.S. made an agreement to peg the dollar to Europe’s gold. The U.S. over printed dollars in relation to the gold holdings. Around 1971 France (among others) called the U.S. out for devaluing the dollar and thus European currencies. So, Nixon “Temporarily” suspended the convertibility of dollars to gold. Now, here we all are like Wile E. Coyote having run off of the golden cliff clutching our dollars in our arms and 54 years later we still haven’t looked down to see the truth. **Dollars Aren’t Backed by Anything** This is why no country in the world today has a money standard. Seemingly they all forgot the number one rule of issuing currency, it must be backed by something. Now, you may hear dollar proponents say “The U.S. dollar is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States!” Another way of saying that is, “We said it is worth something, so it is!” This fiat (by decree) mentality creates a plethora of perverse incentives. The ever growing supply disallows users of the Dollar to save without inccuring the penalties of inflation. **Just a Few Examples of How You're Being Crushed** Because your dollar loses value: - It pushes people to spend them on assets that seem to appreciate (as the dollar debases) but are truly staying stagnant. - It pushes people to gamble on securities hoping the perceived value is enough to beat the inflationary curve. - It pushes people away from saving for their future and the future of their families. - It creates insane credit incentives so that people borrow way more than they can afford today knowing that dollars will be cheaper in the future. (Effectively a short position) - It pushes people to spend less and less time making and maintaining their families as it becomes more expensive to keep a similar lifestyle to which it was founded. These are just a few of the terrible consequences of not knowing that trading a currency with no monetary backing has on a society. Most may blame this soley on the ability to print currency by a central bank but, that is not the only factor. If the fed printed dollars against gold, people would simply take the best rate they could get and remonetize themselves with the gold. But because there is no monetary escape hatch guaranteed by the issuance of dollars, I.E. no one has to take your dollars in exchange for their Bitcoin or gold, you are left at the mercy of the market. **One Day, People Will Stop Accepting Your Dollars** Those lementing the high price of Bitcoin might want to thank their lucky stars that Bitcoin still has a rational number next to the "BTC 1=$?" sign. One day you will have to exchange something of actual value to the spender (no longer a seller). Your product, good or service, will be the only thing that anyone might be willing to part with their Bitcoin over. That is what makes a money, the most salable non-consumable good, whose only funtion is to back a financial structure that facilitates trade. **Bitcoin is Capital** Capital is a broad term that can describe anything that confers value or benefit to its owners, such as a factory and its machinery, or the financial assets of a business or an individual. Bitcoin being the latter creates the financial structures from which you build upon. You use capital to hold, transfer, and grow value. You do not do this with cash. Cash is a depreciating asset when you don't use it to gain goods or services for yourself or your business. This misconception around the equivalance between cash and money (financial capital) is what tricks people into believing Dollars are money. And what's worse is that even some of our greatest heroes have done this. **Slay Your Heroes, Within Reason** Unfortunately due to a mixing of verbiage that have **very distinct** differences, the title: "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" is technically inaccurate. Bitcoin doesn't fit the definition of **cash**, which is a liquid asset that can be easily converted into its equivalent value. In short, Satoshi misspoke. In reality, owning Bitcoin UTXOs (with private keys) means you already possess the asset, not just a claim to it. When you spend Bitcoin, the recipient receives the actual asset, not a promise of it. When you receive Bitcoin, you have final settlement on that transaction. Fundamentally Bitcoin is not cash, electronic or otherwise. # Bitcoin is Money.

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# How does the collaborative nature of open design in bitcoin influence innovation and product development in the ecosystem? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/876187

@ df478568:2a951e67

 About 150,000 blocks ago, I bought burgers for my family with sats at NextBurger in Newport, California. The Orange County Bitcoin Meetup found a hamburger stand that wanted to accept Bitcoin. This attracted Bitcoiners from all over Southern California. People brought their families. Some sat stackers sold wares outside as if it were a Farmer's Market. A couple kids sold some hats. One dude sold pins. I bought one off him. It resembled the Opendime I use as a keychain. He wore a 21M/infinity hat. We talked about Knut Svanholm books. He asked me, "What do you do for bitcoin?" "I write a blog," I said. I must have written three articles about Bitcoin back then. I set up a BTCpayServer with LunaNode. My real idea was to write for sats, but I spent more sats on Lunanode than I made. I needed something to sell. I had a few shitty ideas but no real business plan. I told Pins about one of these shitty ideas. "I'm thinking about selling BIP39 raffle tickets, but they're a pain in the ass to cut." See what I mean, bad ideas. Pins didn't say it was a bad idea though. I assure you, it was, but Pins gave this advice. ”Maybe you can use a 3D Printer." I never did it, but I was impressed by how willing he was to help me. That's common in bitcoin. Bitcoiners are incentivized to help other Bitcoiners. The more people that accept Bitcoin at their stores, the bigger the demand for Bitcoin. The bigger the demand, the more the  ## Bitcoin Is For Spending I participate in the circular economy because I consider using Bitcoin as money to be more advantageous for my *savings strategy*. When you earn sats, spend sats, and save sats, you break free from the chains of fiat debasement. Dollars are designed to go down in purchasing power to manipulate the public into spending more. That's why most people have more than one TV, but can't afford a $400 emergency. I spend Bitcoin because it forces me to be frugal. Fiat is designed to spend as quickly as possible since it will buy less groceries tomorrow than it will today. Bitcoin is designed to buy more groceries tomorrow than it will today. When you expect $30 worth of Open AI services will likely be worth $433 in 21 years(if we assume Saylor is correct) you evaluate everything you buy with an orange colored lens. Your shopping habits change. A month of Chat GPT premium mightr be a month's worth of groceries in the future. I no longer buy Nike's because they coat 80k-120k sats, but I expect them to look like shredded cheese in six months. I would rather pay 100k sats for a nice pair of hiking shoes. I expect they will last me a few years. Knowing this, you might ask, why would you spend Sats on a stupid pin? I've had my open dime pin for almost 4 years now and I expect to have it for years to come. It must have cost me about 100k sats. I don't expect it to be worth that much in the future, but you never know. Sometimes, I watch The Antique Road Show on PBS. Some pins, made by famous artists, are worth thousands of dollars. There is a chance collectibles like this will become more valuable, but I'm skeptical of this. I bought this PIN because it sparks joy, as Marie Kondo says. This is not investment advice. Your Sats will almost certainly be worth more than your pins in the future, but if you buy a PIN from Salvador Dali, nobody stacks Sats. If you buy a PIN from BTCPins, a hardcore bitccoiner stack sats, which means less sats on the market will be availavle for 8 billion people when you buy a pin. Maybe pins will buy another hat from a bitccoiner, but that just means another bitccoiner stacks Sats. Notice how these Sats never make it back to the exchange because Bitcoiners know their stack will be more valuable in the future than they are today. So when you spend Sats, you only spend Sats on the things you find most valuable. ## Pins I Bought Online  Although I consider these Pins art. I don't view art as an investment. I don't expect to ever sell one of these Pins for $110,000 like that banana duct-taped to a canvas before the artist got the munchies. **I don't want dollars anyway**. That's like a whole coin for a banana. I wouldn't spend 100,000,000 sats for one of these Pins, but BTCPins are not so pretentiously priced. I recently bought some pins I've been salivating over for months. I need a better way of displaying them, but here are the pins I recently bought. ### An Awesome Affiliate Link  BTCPins has a [unique affiliate link](https://btcpins.com/affiliate-signup/). Provide your lightning address and it will generate an affiliate link for you. These things have been around since the 90s, but what makes this particular link notable is how commissions are paid: In sats on the Bitcoin lightning network. #### How BTCPins Affiliates Work  - Navigate to https://btcpins.com/affiliates/ - Enter your lightning address. - Generate your link - Share with the world. So buy a pin or two from BTCPins today using my affiliate link: Encrypted Link: https://btcpins.com/?aff=ex1GhhNeeU9-PQ1-ZVEkarU9bSnsNyq98Jy_lEUBLmsrWsCqa69PYohMWcCOGK9tK1rAqmuvT2KITFnAjhivbfOajnP3D8A8O09Hi-OY4K8 npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0 [802,338](https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/00000000000000000001552286d359e5064ee9f97406e1d1ba2f790df43c613a) [Subscribe on Substack](https://marc26z.substack.com)

@ 16d11430:61640947

Introduction: Colonization as a Multi-Generational Trauma Colonization was not only a political and economic endeavor but also a deeply psychological one. Through forced labor, cultural erasure, and systematic oppression, colonizers imposed a set of economic and social behaviors that favored their interests. Though most colonies gained independence in the mid-20th century, the trauma of colonization remains embedded in their financial and governance structures. Modern research in epigenetics suggests that trauma can alter gene expression and be passed down through generations (Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018). In a socio-economic context, the colonial mindset—marked by dependency, economic passivity, and a lack of financial sovereignty—persists within many post-colonial nations. One of the most insidious methods by which this trauma is maintained is through fiat currency and debt-based financial systems, which perpetuate economic dependency on former colonizers. --- 1. The Psychological Impact of Colonial Trauma and Economic Passivity Historical trauma theory suggests that populations subjected to prolonged oppression develop collective learned helplessness—a psychological state in which they stop attempting to resist their conditions because they have been conditioned to believe resistance is futile (Sotero, 2006). This manifests in post-colonial societies in several ways: 1. Economic Dependency: A tendency to rely on foreign aid, multinational corporations, and foreign direct investment (FDI) rather than fostering self-sustaining industries. 2. Risk Aversion in Economic Policy: Research suggests that traumatic experiences affect the brain’s ability to take financial risks (Shields et al., 2016), leading to post-colonial states preferring IMF/World Bank solutions rather than exploring independent monetary policies. 3. Political Elite Compliance: Many former colonies' elites were educated in Western institutions, perpetuating colonial economic structures that maintain wealth extraction. --- 2. Fiat Currency as a Tool of Economic Control Fiat currency—money that has no intrinsic value but is backed by government decree—has been one of the most effective tools for maintaining economic dominance over former colonies. A. The CFA Franc: A Colonial Currency in 2024 One of the most blatant examples of fiat currency maintaining colonial control is the CFA franc, used by 14 African countries, but ultimately controlled by France. These countries must keep 50% of their foreign reserves in the French Treasury. France dictates the monetary policies of these countries, limiting their financial autonomy. Import dependency: Because the CFA franc is overvalued, it makes local goods more expensive while making European imports cheaper, reinforcing dependency on former colonizers. B. The Role of the IMF and World Bank in Debt Colonialism Post-colonial nations, lacking industrial infrastructures due to resource extraction under colonial rule, often turn to IMF and World Bank loans for development. However, these loans come with conditions that ensure neo-colonial economic control: Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs): Force nations to privatize industries, cut social spending, and open markets to foreign corporations—benefiting Western investors. Perpetual Debt: Since loans are taken in foreign fiat currencies (USD, Euro), debt is rarely reduced, creating a cycle of endless repayment that prevents real economic independence. --- 3. How Colonial Trauma Conditions Profitable Behaviors for Former Colonizers Even outside of direct financial mechanisms, the trauma of colonization has conditioned post-colonial societies to adopt behaviors that benefit the former colonizers. A. Elites as Gatekeepers of Colonial Structures In many post-colonial nations, political and economic elites maintain colonial financial policies because they personally benefit from them. Studies (Acemoglu & Robinson, 2012) show that economic elites in post-colonial states are more likely to align with global financial institutions rather than advocate for economic self-determination. B. Consumer Culture as a Neo-Colonial Tool Western consumerism remains deeply ingrained in many post-colonial societies. This is a legacy of cultural imperialism, where local industries were suppressed in favor of Western goods. The majority of African, South Asian, and Latin American countries continue to import Western luxury goods, technology, and services instead of developing their own. As a result, much of the wealth generated in these countries flows back to Western corporations, mirroring the colonial economic extraction model. --- Conclusion: Fiat Currency as the Modern Brand of Colonization The economic and psychological trauma of colonization ensures that former colonies remain profitable markets and debt-ridden nations under the control of their colonizers. Fiat currency, international debt structures, and cultural hegemony serve as the modern pillars of economic colonialism, reinforcing behaviors that favor Western economic dominance. Key Takeaways: 1. Historical trauma conditions former colonies into economic dependency. 2. Fiat currency (such as the CFA franc) remains a tool of colonial control. 3. The IMF and World Bank perpetuate financial dependency through debt cycles. 4. Consumer culture ensures wealth extraction from former colonies to Western economies. Unless these structures are dismantled, economic sovereignty for formerly colonized nations remains an illusion. Breaking free from the financial colonial matrix requires monetary independence, de-dollarization strategies, and local industrialization, rather than continued reliance on Western financial systems. --- References: Yehuda, R., & Lehrner, A. (2018). Intergenerational transmission of trauma effects: Putative role of epigenetic mechanisms. World Psychiatry, 17(3), 243-257. Sotero, M. M. (2006). A conceptual model of historical trauma: Implications for public health practice and research. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 1(1), 93-108. Shields, G. S., Sazma, M. A., & Yonelinas, A. P. (2016). The effects of acute stress on economic decision-making. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 67, 226-234. Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2012). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Crown Business. Sylla, N. S. (2019). The CFA Franc: The Shackles of Monetary Dependence. Pluto Press. Hudson, M. (2021). Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of American Empire. Pluto Press.

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# How does open source development contribute to bitcoin's security, reliability, and evolution as a network? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/876130

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

Welcome to the first installment of my ‘Nostr Spotlight’, a series where I explore various Nostr clients (which I will refer to as apps for simplicity sake), review their features, and share tips on how to use them effectively. For the first installment, I’m diving into [npub.pro](https://npub.pro/), an incredible service that lets anyone on Nostr create a fully functional website using their already-published notes. --- ### What is npub.pro?  npub.pro is a simple—yet powerful— tool that takes your Nostr content and turns it into a website instantly. By filtering through hashtags or keywords, or hand-selecting which notes to feature, you can curate what appears on your site. This allows for highly customizable and dynamic websites that anyone on Nostr can deploy. Whether you’re a blogger, photographer, journalist, artist—or just want to organize your notes into a cleanly setup website—this service opens up endless possibilities for showcasing your notes. --- ### Who Should Use npub.pro? This service is ideal for: ✅ Writers and bloggers who want a frictionless way to publish content. ✅ Artists and photographers looking to showcase their work. ✅ Journalists and researchers who need an easy way to organize articles. ✅ Anyone who wants a personal website without dealing with hosting or technical setups. --- ### Why I Love npub.pro I’ve personally deployed several websites using npub.pro, each serving a different purpose: [HesArt](https://hesart.npub.pro) – My personal art portfolio. https://image.nostr.build/6a7030a24a9c5d4a9e3a0854020e08740241e870e46083b6b326ca36d5dc681f.png [Hes](https://hes.npub.pro/) – My main long-form writing site, featuring artist statements, travel guides, photo series, tech reviews, and economic essays. https://image.nostr.build/7d088829dd2ec0f9702430f115e29d368da85a78227cf6524f8773216f6a102e.png [HesCooks](https://hescooks.npub.pro/) – A collection of curated recipes. https://image.nostr.build/840ffdc74ac618ddf9534d4ab77a09d02aee45eee8c332a6733bcea5b80a3d2a.png [HesCreates](https://hescreates.npub.pro/) – A categorized and searchable archive of my notes. https://image.nostr.build/4663c91f3c77ad59f0f291813c672395f8cc20c6806ca2afffb3e3d65b6c6f37.png The ability to filter my Nostr content and instantly publish it as a website has made organizing my notes seamless and efficient. The opportunities are endless and I have several ideas for other websites I plan on deploying. --- ### How to Get Started 1.Visit [npub.pro](https://npub.pro/). 2.Enter your Nostr private key (nsec) using an extension of bunker. 3.Choose your filters (hashtags, keywords, etc.) to curate what appears and select a pre-made theme. 4.Publish instantly – no extra setup needed! It’s that simple. --- ### Final Verdict: 5/5 Stars ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ npub.pro is an outstanding tool that makes publishing on the web effortless for Nostr users. It’s intuitive, versatile, and packed with potential use cases. Whether you need a blog, portfolio, or curated archive, this app delivers. Highly recommended! --- #### More from Hes [Full Portfolio](https://hesart.npub.pro) [Online Store](https://plebeian.market/community/hes@nostrplebs.com/hesmart-ym3fcufdfz) [Artist Statements](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/art/) [Travel Guides](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/travel/) [Photography](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/photography) [Writings](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/money) --- *Note: This spotlight is not sponsored. I thoroughly enjoy the service and have received outstanding customer service from the team at npub.pro!* **Stay tuned for more Nostr App Spotlights as I explore the best apps in the ecosystem!**

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**Protecting Privacy as an LGBTQ+ Individual: A Comprehensive Guide** Privacy is a cornerstone of personal freedom, especially for those within the LGBTQ+ community who often face unique challenges due to discrimination and surveillance. This guide offers practical steps tailored to safeguard your privacy, ensuring you can navigate the digital landscape with confidence and security. ### 1. **Legal Awareness: Understanding Your Rights** Before taking any action, it's crucial to understand your legal rights regarding privacy. In many regions, laws may criminalize expression of identity or orientation, so being informed about local legislation is essential. Familiarize yourself with privacy laws and data protection regulations that might apply to you. ### 2. **Encryption: Safeguarding Your Communications** - **End-to-End Encryption**: Use messaging apps like Signal or SimpleX to ensure your communications are encrypted from end to end, preventing unauthorized access. - **Secure Email Services**: Employ email services like ProtonMail, which offers end-to-end encryption and zero-knowledge proof, ensuring only the sender and recipient can decrypt messages. ### 3. **Anonymity Networks: Masking Your Identity** - **Tor Network**: Utilize Tor for anonymous browsing and secure communication, hiding your IP address to avoid surveillance. - **Pseudonyms and Aliases**: Consider using pseudonyms or anonymous accounts when engaging in online communities to protect your identity. ### 4. **Minimizing Metadata Exposure: Avoiding Data Trails** - **Data Minimization**: Only collect necessary information and avoid sharing excessive personal details online. - **Avoid Tracking Technologies**: Refrain from using location-sharing apps or platforms that track your movements. ### 5. **Secure Online Presence: Managing Your Digital Footprint** - **Use Privacy-Friendly Platforms**: Engage in forums and communities that prioritize user privacy, such as Mastodon with enhanced privacy settings and encrypted P2P on Matrix. - **Adjust Privacy Settings**: Regularly review and adjust social media settings to limit data collection by platforms. ### 6. **Avoiding Data Collection: Shielding Your Information** - **Third-Party Data Avoidance**: Be cautious of apps that collect personal data, especially location data, which can be used for surveillance. - **Review Privacy Policies**: Before using any service, review their privacy policies to understand what information they collect and how it is used. ### 7. **Physical Security: Protecting Your Devices** - **Device Protection**: Regularly update your devices and use strong, unique passwords to prevent unauthorized access. - **Encryption on Devices**: Enable encryption on your mobile devices and computers to secure stored data. ### 8. **Community Safety: Securing LGBTQ+ Networks** - **Encrypted Communication Channels**: Use encrypted channels like SimpleX or Signal for community discussions to ensure member safety. - **Secure Group Servers**: Ensure that community servers are regularly maintained and encrypted to prevent data breaches. ### 9. **Mental Health Considerations: Maintaining Balance** - **Stress Management**: Recognize the mental toll of constant privacy concerns and seek balance through mindfulness or stress-relief practices. - **Support Networks**: Engage with support groups that offer both emotional support and practical advice on privacy strategies. ### 10. **Advocacy: Supporting Privacy Rights** - **Engage in Advocacy**: Support organizations and initiatives that fight for digital rights, including privacy and freedom of expression.. - **Raise Awareness**: Use your voice to highlight issues of privacy and surveillance, contributing to broader societal change. Speak up when you see hate. ### 11. **Tech Tools: Empowering Your Privacy Practices** - **Signal**: For secure messaging, Signal offers end-to-end encryption without requiring phone numbers for some platforms. - **ProtonMail**: A secure email service that uses PGP encryption and does not require a phone number for account creation. - **Tresorit**: Offers encrypted cloud storage with zero-knowledge proof, ensuring only you control your data. By integrating these strategies, you can protect your privacy while fostering a safer online environment. Remember, informed and proactive measures are key to safeguarding your identity and rights in the digital age. --- Advocating for privacy does not finance itself. If you enjoyed this article, please consider zapping or sending monero 82XCDNK1Js8TethhpGLFPbVyKe25DxMUePad1rUn9z7V6QdCzxHEE7varvVh1VUidUhHVSA4atNU2BTpSNJLC1BqSvDajw1

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## Chef's notes Credit to The Yummy Life. Go show them love below: https://www.theyummylife.com/Pickled_Jalapeno_Peppers ## Details - ⏲️ Prep time: 1 hour - 🍳 Cook time: 20 mins - 🍽️ Servings: 4 mason jars (pint) ## Ingredients - 2 lbs. jalapenos - 2-1/4 cups vinegar (white distilled, apple cider, or a combination of the two) - 2-1/4 cups water - 2 tablespoons sugar or honey (optional) - ADD TO EACH PINT JAR - 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt - 1/2 teaspoon whole black pepper corns - 1/4 teaspoon whole cumin seeds - 1/4 teaspoon whole coriander seeds - 1 bay leaf - 1 whole garlic clove, peeled - 1/8 teaspoon Pickle Crisp granules (optional) ## Directions 1. Slice 1/2 pound jalapenos into 1/8" rounds, discarding stem ends. 2. Prepare the jars: Wash 4 pint jars and lids in hot sudsy water, then keep them warm. 3. Prepare the pickling liquid: Combine 1/2 cup plus 1 tablespoon vinegar, 1/2 cup plus 1 tablespoon water, and 1-1/2 teaspoons sugar or honey (optional) in a 2 quart pan, heating until just before boiling. 4. Fill the jars: Add jalapeno slices to each jar, pressing them down and packing them in compactly, then pour the hot pickling liquid into each jar, leaving 1/2" head space. 5. Process and store: Allow jars to cool to room temperature, then store them in the refrigerator or can them using standard USDA water process canning procedures, following storage guidelines for refrigerator or canned pickled peppers.

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

## Chef's notes Classic beef n' broccoli. Easy to make and dank to eat. ## Details - ⏲️ Prep time: 20 mins - 🍳 Cook time: 10 mins. ## Ingredients - 1 lb top sirloin steak, thinly sliced - ¼ cup low sodium soy sauce - 2 teaspoons cornstarch - 1 tablespoon dark brown sugar - 2 tablespoons fresh ginger, minced - 1 tablespoon oil - 1 head broccoli, cut into 1-inch (2 ½ cm) florets - ½ cup water - 3 cloves garlic, minced - ¼ teaspoon red pepper flakes, optional - 1 teaspoon toasted sesame oil ## Directions 1. In a medium bowl, mix together the sirloin steak, soy sauce, cornstarch, brown sugar, and ginger until the meat is evenly covered in the marinade. Set aside to marinate for 20 minutes. 2. Heat the oil in a large skillet or wok over medium-high heat. Dump in the meat and marinade and sear each side until golden brown. Transfer the meat to a clean bowl and set aside. 3. Place the broccoli into the hot skillet and sauté until the broccoli has just started to brown, about 1 minute. Pour the water into the skillet and immediately cover with a lid. Let it steam for 2 minutes, until the broccoli has softened. 4. Remove the lid and toss in the garlic, red pepper flakes, and sesame oil. Sauté until the garlic becomes fragrant, about 30 seconds. 5. Add the steak back into the pan and stir to combine. Remove from heat and serve on a bed of brown rice.

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- **What Are Homestead Chickens?** Homestead chickens are domesticated fowl kept by homeowners to provide eggs and companionship. They play a vital role in the homestead ecosystem. **Why Water is Essential in Cold Weather** - **Hydration Basics**: Chickens don't drink much water naturally but need it for hydration, especially during cold weather when metabolic rates increase. - **Environmental Factors**: Cold weather can lead to ice buildup on water sources. Chickens benefit from having access to fresh water year-round. **Maintaining Accessible Water Sources** - **Shallow Troughs**: Use shallow troughs instead of deep containers to minimize ice formation and ensure constant water supply. - **Automatic Feeders**: Consider installing automatic feeders for convenience, especially in unpredictable weather conditions. - **Multiple Water Sources**: Provide multiple water sources to prevent competition and ensure all chickens have access. **Preventing Ice Buildup** - **Floating Shallow Troughs**: Opt for troughs that sit above the ground to avoid ice buildup. Ensure they're placed where they can't freeze completely. - **Regular Checks**: Inspect water sources regularly to remove ice and debris, maintaining accessibility for chickens. **Best Practices for Watering Chickens** - **Waterers Designed for Cold Weather**: Use waterers made of stainless steel or plastic that can withstand cold temperatures. - **Seasonal Adjustments**: During extreme cold spells, supplement with a small amount of fresh water to aid in drinking. **Conclusion** - **Key Takeaways**: Providing proper water is crucial for the health and well-being of homestead chickens during cold weather. Maintaining accessible, shallow water sources prevents issues like ice buildup and ensures hydration. **Final Thoughts** - **Sustainability Considerations**: While chickens don't drink much, ensuring they have water supports their overall health and sustainability efforts. - **Environmental Impact**: Thoughtful water management can reduce water usage, promoting eco-friendly practices on the homestead.

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

### What is it? I stumbled upon the **Elgato Stream Deck** while aimlessly browsing the web, and I was instantly intrigued. But one question kept nagging me—how would I use this, and why do I even need it? **I don’t stream**. At first glance, it seemed like just another gadget to clutter my already cramped desk in my tiny Shanghai apartment. But curiosity got the best of me. After some research, **I decided to give it a shot and see what all the hype was about.** And wow—was that hype justified. This isn’t a deep-dive review covering every feature (there are plenty of those online). Instead, I want to share **some of the workflows I’ve set up** and hopefully get you thinking about the endless possibilities you could create with a Stream Deck. **If you’re someone who loves making computer tasks easier** but struggles to remember keyboard shortcuts beyond Ctrl + V, this little device might just change the way you work. --- #### Launching Apps and Websites  I won’t lie—**my favorite use for the Stream Deck is the sheer convenience of pressing a button and instantly launching what I need**. Want to watch YouTube? Button. Open Photoshop? Button. Play a game? Button. Check Bitcoin prices? Those are always on the display.   Sure, it’s a small thing, but the speed and ease of launching apps or navigating to websites make a surprising difference. **What used to be a few clicks and keystrokes is now a single tap**. After using the Stream Deck for a while, my laptop feels... clunky. I’ve genuinely noticed **an increase in my productivity** and focus. --- #### Custom Application Profiles One of the most powerful features of the Stream Deck is its ability to switch profiles based on the application you’re using. This means that **every time you switch programs, the buttons automatically adjust** to show relevant shortcuts and commands. It’s a game-changer for software with hundreds of keyboard shortcuts, making multitasking seamless. I’ll admit—setting up custom profiles can be a bit time-consuming. The good news? You don’t have to start from scratch. **There are tons of downloadable third-party profiles** for popular programs like Illustrator, Photoshop, Final Cut Pro, DaVinci Resolve, Microsoft Office, and Ableton.  If your favorite app doesn’t have a pre-made profile, you can always build your own. It takes some effort, but once it's set up, the workflow improvements are worth it. --- #### Music and Audio Control  I use an audio interface for lossless wired playback and external microphone support. The Stream Deck makes **switching between my computer’s default mic and my studio mic effortless**—no more digging through system preferences. Even if you don’t use external audio gear, the Stream Deck still has plenty of value for music lovers.  It integrates with Apple Music and Spotify, letting you control playback, skip tracks, like songs, and add them to playlists—all without switching apps. **Elgato is constantly adding new third-party integrations**, which gives the device even more longevity. --- #### Lighting and Smart Home Control  If you have smart home devices, the Stream Deck can act as a command center. It integrates with platforms like Philips Hue, LIFX, Nanoleaf, and IFTTT, letting you **control lights, scenes, and colors with a single tap**. Want to set the mood for gaming, reading, or watching a movie? Done. You can even use it to trigger other smart devices, like cameras, thermostats, or speakers, using IFTTT applets. The possibilities here are endless. --- #### Finder and Document Shortcuts  One of the most unexpectedly useful features for me has been **quick access to folders and files**. I’ve set up buttons for my most frequently used folders—Downloads, Desktop, and Documents—so I can access them instantly. I’ve also created **buttons for specific files like spreadsheets and PDFs,** so I don’t have to dig through folders to find them. It sounds simple, but when juggling multiple projects, these little time-savers add up fast. --- ### Final Thoughts The Elgato Stream Deck is a surprisingly versatile tool that enhances **productivity, creativity, and entertainment**. Whether you’re launching apps, controlling music, managing smart devices, or creating complex workflows, it streamlines everyday tasks in a way that’s hard to go back from. At first, I thought it was just for streamers. Now? **I can’t imagine working without it**. I hope this post gives you some ideas on how to make the most of a Stream Deck. If you have any questions or thoughts, drop a comment below. Thanks for reading! --- > Feel free to support me by grabbing one through my affiliate link below: [Purchase a Stream Deck](https://amzn.to/3WLGiLE) --- #### More from Hes [Full Portfolio](https://hesart.npub.pro) [Online Store](https://plebeian.market/community/hes@nostrplebs.com/hesmart-ym3fcufdfz) [Artist Statements](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/art/) [Travel Guides](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/travel/) [Photography](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/photography) [Writings](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/money) --- *Originally published in 2022. All images are credit of Hes, but you are free to download and use for any purpose. If you find joy from my art, please feel free to send a zap. Enjoy life on a Bitcoin standard.*

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بازار ارزهای دیجیتال به‌زودی شاهد یک تغییر مهم خواهد بود. طبق گزارش اخیر منتشرشده در [**فوربز**](https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2025/02/04/this-is-a-big-deal-bitcoin-and-crypto-now-braced-for-a-huge-us-price-earthquake/)، بیت‌کوین و سایر ارزهای دیجیتال در آستانه یک "زلزله قیمتی" قرار دارند که به دلیل تغییرات نظارتی و تصمیمات کلان اقتصادی در ایالات متحده شکل می‌گیرد. کارشناسان پیش‌بینی می‌کنند که این تغییرات می‌توانند نوسانات شدیدی در ارزش دارایی‌های دیجیتال ایجاد کنند و بازار را تحت تأثیر قرار دهند. ### **دلایل اصلی این زلزله قیمتی** ۱. **سیاست‌های جدید نظارتی و قانونی** دولت آمریکا به دنبال وضع مقررات سخت‌گیرانه‌تری برای نظارت بر ارزهای دیجیتال است. کمیسیون بورس و اوراق بهادار ایالات متحده و سایر نهادهای نظارتی در حال بررسی اقداماتی برای محدود کردن برخی فعالیت‌های مرتبط با ارزهای دیجیتال هستند. این مقررات می‌تواند شامل نظارت دقیق‌تر بر صرافی‌های ارز دیجیتال، سخت‌گیری در فرآیندهای ضدپولشویی و احراز هویت مشتریان باشد. ۲. **تغییرات مالیاتی و تأثیر آن بر سرمایه‌گذاران** دولت ایالات متحده در حال بررسی اصلاحات مالیاتی است که می‌تواند تأثیر قابل‌توجهی بر سرمایه‌گذاران ارزهای دیجیتال بگذارد. مالیات بر سود حاصل از معاملات ارزهای دیجیتال می‌تواند افزایش یابد و سرمایه‌گذاران را به اتخاذ استراتژی‌های جدید معاملاتی وادار کند. این مسئله ممکن است موجب کاهش حجم معاملات و افزایش نوسانات قیمتی شود. ۳. **سیاست‌های پولی فدرال رزرو** فدرال رزرو (بانک مرکزی آمریکا) نقش مهمی در تعیین نرخ بهره و سیاست‌های مالی دارد. اگر نرخ بهره افزایش یابد، سرمایه‌گذاران ممکن است تمایل بیشتری به سرمایه‌گذاری در دارایی‌های کم‌ریسک مانند اوراق قرضه دولتی داشته باشند و سرمایه‌های خود را از بازار ارزهای دیجیتال خارج کنند. این امر می‌تواند منجر به کاهش قیمت بیت‌کوین و سایر رمزارزها شود. ۴. **افزایش پذیرش سازمانی و واکنش بازار** در حالی که قوانین سخت‌گیرانه می‌توانند فشار نزولی بر قیمت‌ها وارد کنند، افزایش پذیرش بیت‌کوین توسط شرکت‌های بزرگ و موسسات مالی می‌تواند از کاهش شدید قیمت‌ها جلوگیری کند. بسیاری از شرکت‌ها همچنان به پذیرش رمزارزها به‌عنوان یک روش پرداخت ادامه می‌دهند و برخی بانک‌های بزرگ نیز وارد بازار رمزارز شده‌اند که این موضوع می‌تواند روند کلی بازار را تغییر دهد. ### **تأثیرات احتمالی بر قیمت بیت‌کوین و سایر ارزهای دیجیتال** با در نظر گرفتن این عوامل، دو سناریوی اصلی برای آینده قیمت بیت‌کوین و بازار رمزارزها وجود دارد: - **سناریوی نزولی:** اگر مقررات سخت‌گیرانه اجرایی شوند و نرخ بهره افزایش یابد، ممکن است بیت‌کوین و سایر رمزارزها با کاهش قیمت مواجه شوند. در این شرایط، سرمایه‌گذاران خرد و سازمانی ممکن است با خروج از بازار، نوسانات شدیدتری را رقم بزنند. - **سناریوی صعودی:** در صورتی که افزایش پذیرش بیت‌کوین در میان موسسات مالی ادامه یابد و قوانین به‌طور متعادل اجرا شوند، احتمال دارد که بیت‌کوین بتواند سطح حمایتی خود را حفظ کرده و در بلندمدت به رشد خود ادامه دهد. ### **جمع‌بندی: سرمایه‌گذاران باید چه کار کنند؟** با توجه به این شرایط، سرمایه‌گذاران ارزهای دیجیتال باید با دقت تحولات نظارتی و اقتصادی را دنبال کنند. مدیریت ریسک، تنوع‌بخشی به سبد سرمایه‌گذاری و در نظر گرفتن چشم‌انداز بلندمدت می‌تواند از ضررهای احتمالی جلوگیری کند. این زلزله قیمتی ممکن است بازار رمزارزها را به شدت متزلزل کند، اما همان‌طور که در گذشته نیز دیده‌ایم، بازار ارزهای دیجیتال بارها از بحران‌های مشابه عبور کرده و به رشد خود ادامه داده است. باید دید که در نهایت این تغییرات چگونه شکل خواهند گرفت و چه تأثیری بر آینده بیت‌کوین و سایر ارزهای دیجیتال خواهند گذاشت.

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

So many of our problems are due to our point of view. The closer our point of view gets to God, the more peace and joy we will feel. Too often we look at God as the big, bad killjoy. We resent when He tells us all the “fun” things we aren’t supposed to do and when He tells us to do difficult things like submit to God, submit to husbands, submit to authorities. Too many people focus on the “do nots,” and don’t like the idea of anyone telling them what to do. They then do their own thing, which they think will make them happy. Unfortunately, this leads to the opposite. God is our Creator. He created us for a purpose within the rest of His creation. > For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand so that we would walk in them. (Ephesians 2:10) When we are doing His will we will find peace and joy. When we fight Him on what we should and should not be doing, we feel frustration, depression, and even despair. Our constant seeking of things to make us happy is actually our innate desire for God and to fulfill His will. Unfortunately, we frequently don’t see the truth and avoid the one thing that will give us peace because it is hard, inconvenient, and doesn’t lead to what we think we want right now. God wants what is best for us. He also thinks eternally. He doesn’t think in the here and now, like we do. Just as a parent makes decisions for his/her child based on knowledge of what will be better for them in the long term (saving vs spending, healthy food vs junk food, etc.), God makes decisions for us based on what will best prepare us for eternity with Him. Frequently that looks much different than what we think we want. Frequently that even includes hardship and pain because we are much more likely to grow in faith, strength, and holiness during hardship than we do during comfort. We need to understand that God knows best and that He never makes a mistake. > Trust in the Lord with all your heart\ > And do not lean on your own understanding.\ > In all your ways acknowledge Him,\ > And He will make your paths straight.\ > Do not be wise in your own eyes;\ > Fear the Lord and turn away from evil.\ > It will be healing to your body\ > And refreshment to your bones. (Proverbs 3:5-8) Nothing happens on earth without God allowing it. Just as Satan had to ask permission to persecute Job, in the same way nobody can cause believers harm without God allowing it for His purpose, which is usually related to helping them to put their full trust in Him. > Remember the former things long past,\ > For I am God, and there is no other;\ > I am God, and there is no one like Me,\ > Declaring the end from the beginning,\ > And from ancient times things which have not been done,\ > Saying, ‘My purpose will be established,\ > And I will accomplish all My good pleasure’; (Isaiah 46:9-10) So often I focus on how awesome, powerful, and holy our God is. He is also the most tender, loving, caring, personal father God. Read Psalm 139. The God of the Bible is not a distant clock maker who set the world in motion and let it go about without His care. He is personally involved in everything that happens and in the life of every person on earth, but especially in the life of those who trust in Him. > **O Lord, You have searched me and known me.\ > You know when I sit down and when I rise up;\ > You understand my thought from afar.**\ > You scrutinize my path and my lying down,\ ****And are intimately acquainted with all my ways.\ > Even before there is a word on my tongue,\ > Behold, O Lord, You know it all.**\ > You have enclosed me behind and before,\ > And laid Your hand upon me.\ ****Such knowledge is too wonderful for me;\ > It is too high, I cannot attain to it.**\ > Where can I go from Your Spirit?\ > Or where can I flee from Your presence?\ > If I ascend to heaven, You are there;\ > If I make my bed in Sheol, behold, You are there.\ > If I take the wings of the dawn,\ > If I dwell in the remotest part of the sea,\ ****Even there Your hand will lead me**,\ > And Your right hand will lay hold of me.\ > If I say, “Surely the darkness will overwhelm me,\ > And the light around me will be night,”\ > Even the darkness is not dark to You,\ > And the night is as bright as the day.\ > Darkness and light are alike to You.\ > For You formed my inward parts;\ > You wove me in my mother’s womb.\ > I will give thanks to You, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made;\ > Wonderful are Your works,\ > And my soul knows it very well.\ > My frame was not hidden from You,\ > When I was made in secret,\ > And skillfully wrought in the depths of the earth;\ ****Your eyes have seen my unformed substance;\ > And in Your book were all written\ > The days that were ordained for me,\ > When as yet there was not one of them.**\ > How precious also are Your thoughts to me, O God!\ > How vast is the sum of them!\ > If I should count them, they would outnumber the sand.\ > When I awake, I am still with You.\ > O that You would slay the wicked, O God;\ > Depart from me, therefore, men of bloodshed.\ > For they speak against You wickedly,\ > And Your enemies take Your name in vain.\ > Do I not hate those who hate You, O Lord?\ > And do I not loathe those who rise up against You?\ > I hate them with the utmost hatred;|\ > They have become my enemies.\ ****Search me, O God, and know my heart;\ > Try me and know my anxious thoughts;\ > And see if there be any hurtful way in me,\ > And lead me in the everlasting way**. (Psalm 139) {emphasis mine} What is one of the greatest desires of our hearts? Isn’t it to be truly known and loved for who we are? > O Lord, You have searched me and known me.\ > You know when I sit down and when I rise up;\ > You understand my thought from afar. (Psalm 139:1-2) How amazing is it that the Creator of the universe knows you personally and cares for you among all of creation? > Even before there is a word on my tongue,\ > Behold, O Lord, You know it all. (Psalm 139:4) He knows our every action, our every thought, and our every feeling before we do. > Such knowledge is too wonderful for me;\ > It is too high, I cannot attain to it. (Psalm 139:6) We cannot fully understand how much our Creator cares for us and how carefully God guides us in our every path. We usually can’t see what is for our best. We usually can’t see what great work God is working in us. We usually can’t comprehend how great is His love, knowledge, and plan. > Even there Your hand will lead me,\ > And Your right hand will lay hold of me. (Psalm 139:10) It doesn’t matter how difficult a situation we have gotten into. It doesn’t matter how powerful our adversaries are. It doesn’t matter how weak we are. God is always there guiding us and protecting us. Just as God allowed Job to go through difficulty as part of God’s plan for Job and for us, He did not allow Job to be killed. He was guided through the worst of situations and led to ultimate blessing. > Your eyes have seen my unformed substance;\ > And in Your book were all written\ > The days that were ordained for me,\ > When as yet there was not one of them. (Psalm 139:16) God knew us and had a plan for us before He even created the universe. He knew every day we would live before we were conceived. We can’t surprise Him and He will be guiding us every day of our lives, especially those who have trusted Him as savior. > How precious also are Your thoughts to me, O God!\ > How vast is the sum of them! (Psalm 139:17) We are precious to God and He should be precious to us because of all He has done for us. > Search me, O God, and know my heart;\ > Try me and know my anxious thoughts;\ > And see if there be any hurtful way in me,\ > And lead me in the everlasting way. (Psalm 139:23-24) This should be our prayer. We should ask for Him to bring are faults to our minds so we can repent and we should ask for Him to lead us in His “*everlasting way*.” We should admit that our Father God knows best and submit to His will. Everything goes so much smoother when we aren’t fighting our God. Even when He leads us through hardship, being in His will makes all of the difference in the world. I pray that you will put your trust in our loving Creator and that you will submit to His will. I pray that you will understand that His ways are better even when you don’t understand the why. I pray that you will humbly submit to His will and be used to further the Kingdom for His glory and your blessing. Trust Jesus. FYI, Psalm 139 is also one of the best passages on why all believers should oppose abortion. In God’s universe there are no accidents and there are no unwanted babies. Every person ever conceived had a purpose in God’s plan. Every person ever conceived is valuable and made in the image of God. God values all human life and so should we.

@ aade47fd:281e8e4f

Сюрприз! Оказалось, что мне потребовалось две недели для того, чтобы сделать вторую запись в свой ЕЖЕДНЕВНИК. Раньше после такого оглушительного провала бросил бы это дело, но задачей дневника было формирование дисциплины, а не сам дневник. Нет ничего удивительного в том, что дисциплины на ежедневные записи не хватило сразу: буду стараться писать как можно чаще пока не выйду устойчиво на ежедневные публикации. --- ### Я на Сахалине Вчера, третьего февраля, мы с отцом прилетели на Сахалин. Планирую провести здесь около трех-четырех месяцев, на пару летних месяцев вернусь в Питере (ве-ло-си-пед), а в августе снова на остров. Здесь очень много работы, а отвлекаться практически не на что. Именно то, что мне сейчас нужно. --- ### Личность Есть я. Есть не я. Граница между мной и не мной — моя личность. Это структура, через которую внешний мир возействует на меня, а я на него. Над личностью можно и нужно работать. В конечном счете, я верю, что больше ни на что непосредственным образом мы не влияем. Мир это поток случайных событий и состояний. Уверен, что в моменте мы ничего не решаем — все реакции готовы заранее. Их подготовка — наша ответственность. В этом и заключается формирование личности. Можно сказать, что сформированная личность это стена, и чем она выше и прочнее, тем устойчивее твое бытие. С жадностью тащи камни для этой стены: любое решение и дело должно первостепенной целью ставить собственное развитие, а только потом уже внешний результат. Слабая личность пропускает в тебя все проклятия окружающего мира, делая жизнь жалкой и отправленной. Так бывает с теми, кто ставит ценности мира над своими собственными. Жаль, что я понял это так поздно. Повезло, что я понял это вообще. Здесь, на Сахалине, у меня будет время решить, чем наполнять мою жизнь, а что отвергать. --- ### Амбиции Помню, что еще лет двадцать назад у слова "амбиции" было исключительно негативный смысл. Надеюсь, мы окончательно ушли от этого. Амбиции это аппетит к жизни. Человек без амбиций — полуживой, тень своего зомби. Такого невозможно полюбить. Новость для меня оказалась в том, что речь здесь идет не только о мужчинах: недавно я потерял интерес и симпатию к женщине не обнаружив в ней амбиций к развитию. Не ставлю на людях крест, я и сам провел много лет в таком состоянии, но лучше я буду двигаться один, чем стану пытаться кого-то растолкать. Спрашивают, может ли всемогущий Бог создать такой камень, который сам не смог бы поднять? Отвечаю: да, этот камень — человек. --- На сегодня все. Встретимся завтра!

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

### Definição de ULID: Timestamp 48 bits, Aleatoriedade 80 bits Sendo Timestamp 48 bits inteiro, tempo UNIX em milissegundos, Não ficará sem espaço até o ano 10889 d.C. e Aleatoriedade 80 bits, Fonte criptograficamente segura de aleatoriedade, se possível. #### Gerar ULID ```sql CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; CREATE FUNCTION generate_ulid() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE -- Crockford's Base32 encoding BYTEA = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; timestamp BYTEA = E'\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000'; output TEXT = ''; unix_time BIGINT; ulid BYTEA; BEGIN -- 6 timestamp bytes unix_time = (EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM CLOCK_TIMESTAMP()) * 1000)::BIGINT; timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 0, (unix_time >> 40)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 1, (unix_time >> 32)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 2, (unix_time >> 24)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 3, (unix_time >> 16)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 4, (unix_time >> 8)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 5, unix_time::BIT(8)::INTEGER); -- 10 entropy bytes ulid = timestamp || gen_random_bytes(10); -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE; ``` #### ULID TO UUID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION parse_ulid(ulid text) RETURNS bytea AS $$ DECLARE -- 16byte bytes bytea = E'\\x00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000'; v char[]; -- Allow for O(1) lookup of index values dec integer[] = ARRAY[ 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 ]; BEGIN IF NOT ulid ~* '^[0-7][0-9ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ]{25}$' THEN RAISE EXCEPTION 'Invalid ULID: %', ulid; END IF; v = regexp_split_to_array(ulid, ''); -- 6 bytes timestamp (48 bits) bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 0, (dec[ASCII(v[1])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[2])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 1, (dec[ASCII(v[3])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[4])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 2, (dec[ASCII(v[4])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[5])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[6])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 3, (dec[ASCII(v[6])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[7])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 4, (dec[ASCII(v[7])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[8])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[9])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 5, (dec[ASCII(v[9])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[10])]); -- 10 bytes of entropy (80 bits); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 6, (dec[ASCII(v[11])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[12])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 7, (dec[ASCII(v[12])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[13])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[14])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 8, (dec[ASCII(v[14])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[15])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 9, (dec[ASCII(v[15])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[16])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[17])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 10, (dec[ASCII(v[17])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[18])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 11, (dec[ASCII(v[19])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[20])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 12, (dec[ASCII(v[20])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[21])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[22])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 13, (dec[ASCII(v[22])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[23])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 14, (dec[ASCII(v[23])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[24])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[25])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 15, (dec[ASCII(v[25])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[26])]); RETURN bytes; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ulid_to_uuid(ulid text) RETURNS uuid AS $$ BEGIN RETURN encode(parse_ulid(ulid), 'hex')::uuid; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### UUID to ULID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION uuid_to_ulid(id uuid) RETURNS text AS $$ DECLARE encoding bytea = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; output text = ''; uuid_bytes bytea = uuid_send(id); BEGIN -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### Gera 11 Digitos aleatórios: YBKXG0CKTH4 ```sql -- Cria a extensão pgcrypto para gerar uuid CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Cria a função para gerar ULID CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gen_lrandom() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE ts_millis BIGINT; ts_chars TEXT; random_bytes BYTEA; random_chars TEXT; base32_chars TEXT := '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; i INT; BEGIN -- Pega o timestamp em milissegundos ts_millis := FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM clock_timestamp()) * 1000)::BIGINT; -- Converte o timestamp para base32 ts_chars := ''; FOR i IN REVERSE 0..11 LOOP ts_chars := ts_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((ts_millis >> (5 * i)) & 31) + 1, 1); END LOOP; -- Gera 10 bytes aleatórios e converte para base32 random_bytes := gen_random_bytes(10); random_chars := ''; FOR i IN 0..9 LOOP random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) >> 3) & 31) + 1, 1); IF i < 9 THEN random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, (((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) | (get_byte(random_bytes, i + 1) >> 6)) & 31 + 1, 1); ELSE random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) + 1, 1); END IF; END LOOP; -- Concatena o timestamp e os caracteres aleatórios RETURN ts_chars || random_chars; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; ``` #### Exemplo de USO ```sql -- Criação da extensão caso não exista CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Criação da tabela pessoas CREATE TABLE pessoas ( ID UUID DEFAULT gen_random_uuid ( ) PRIMARY KEY, nome TEXT NOT NULL ); -- Busca Pessoa na tabela SELECT * FROM "pessoas" WHERE uuid_to_ulid ( ID ) = '252FAC9F3V8EF80SSDK8PXW02F'; ``` ### Fontes - https://github.com/scoville/pgsql-ulid - https://github.com/geckoboard/pgulid

@ e97aaffa:2ebd765d

Será que neste ciclo teremos turistas no #Bitcoin? Nos últimos meses tenho me debruçado muito sobre este assunto, mas não consigo chegar a uma conclusão. Antes de mais, o que são turistas? Os turistas são aqueles que compram Bitcoin alimentados pelo FOMO, com a ganância de enriquecer rapidamente. Não tem o mínimo conhecimento do Bitcoin, nem tem interesse em conhecer, só estão pelo dinheiro. Com a entrada dos turistas, o preço do Bitcoin começa a valorizar exponencialmente, é a segunda fase da _bullrun_, acontece sempre após o halving e após superar o anterior ATH. Com o novo ATH começa a surgir as notícias nas televisões e jornais, o mainstream acorda. Só que a quantidade de turistas é de tal maneira elevada, muito superior à dos holders. Este desequilíbrio entre forças de curto prazo(turistas) e do longo prazo(_holders_), gera forte volatilidade. Quanto maior o desequilíbrio, maior a volatilidade. A avalanche de turistas, faz o preço disparar e quanto mais sobe, mais turistas atrai. Só que o movimento não dura para sempre, a esperança dos turistas de enriquecer rápido, desvanece e rapidamente se transforma numa desilusão, na sua grande maioria entra em pânico, assim que o preço começa a corrigir, vendendo em prejuízo. Sendo responsável pelas gigantes correções, superiores a 70%. Este é o meu 4° ciclo, eu noto que este está a ser completamente diferente. Nos anteriores, os turistas entravam pelo Bitcoin, mas desta vez está a acontecer uma mudança. Devido ao elevado _marketcap_ do Bitcoin, este já não permite valorização exponenciais num curto espaço de tempo, estes turistas que procuram multiplicar o seu dinheiro por 10x, 100x ou 1000x, estão a ir directamente para as shitcoins ou memecoins. Estas valorização pornograficas, só acontecerá em meia dúzia, mas o grande problema é que existem milhões de memecoins, é como encontrar uma agulha num palheiro. É o verdadeiro casino e os turistas procuram isto. Só que neste ciclo, a maior parte dos novos _inflows_ estão a ser através do institucional, sobretudo pelos ETFs. Só que tem um perfil não diferente dos turistas, têm conhecimento de mercados financeiros tradicionais, são muito mais racionais, têm um conhecimento mínimo do Bitcoin. Não têm as mãos de diamante como os holders, mas também não são mãos de alface como os turistas. É um perfil de investidor intermédio. Poderá vender uma pequena parte do Bitcoin, para retirar uma parte do seu investimento inicial, mas tem um pensamento mais de médio-longo prazo. Com isto, existe um maior equilíbrio entre os que pensam a curto prazo e os que pensam a longo prazo. Até ao momento, eu tenho a sensação que os turistas já não procuram o Bitcoin, ou são muito poucos. O afastamento dos turistas é bom ou mau? A meu ver é bom, é verdade que deixamos de ter aquelas enormes explosões no preço para cima, mas também acredito que as correções também serão muito menores. Em suma, uma redução na volatilidade do Bitcoin. Mas essa redução na volatilidade, vai trazer um novo público, aquele que não é especulador, que apenas quer preservar o seu património, o real valor do Bitcoin, que pensa a longo prazo. Estes turistas que procuram o 100x, com uma pura ganância, vão passar muitas noites sem dormir e na sua maioria vão perder muito dinheiro, vão acabar por receber uma dura lição de vida. Alguns vão finalmente compreender que Bitcoin é diferente, e que os 2x é suficiente para a sua vida. A redução de turistas não afeta só o Bitcoin, mas também afeta o mercado das altcoins e das memecoins. Nos ciclos anteriores, os turistas entravam pelo Bitcoin mas depois rodavam o capital para as altcoins, gerando a chamada altseason. Se neste ciclo, os turistas descartam o Bitcoin, consequentemente a rotação será muito menor, possivelmente não haverá altseason. Mas isto é apenas a minha convicção, só o tempo dirá, se os turistas trocaram o Bitcoin, pelo casino das memecoins.

@ 554ab6fe:c6cbc27e

Modern life, despite all our technology, can still feel challenging. Many of us work very long hours to make ends meet, burdened by stress that can dramatically affect our health. The internet provides us with a wealth of helpful knowledge but also bombards us with headlines that can make us uneasy about the state of the world. In short, life can feel very stressful. Sometimes, leaving it all behind and becoming a monk may seem like a perfect way to escape it all. Though this may work for some, this is simply not a practical thing to do for many of us. Many of us are here to stay. However, even though the stressful nature of society will not change for a very long time, it is possible to reorient one's perspective so that it feels less stressful. In other words, rather than needing to go to a temple to become a monk, one can learn to bring the monk mind here. It can be challenging to know where to begin to generate a positive outlook on life. So many people try to give advice, yet there never seems to be a "one size fits all" approach. We attempt to solve our outlooks by rationalizing the situation in a more positive way. Indeed, this can be useful for some, but not all. Furthermore, different people require different rationalizations. Regardless of advice, some are still stuck wondering how to have a better outlook on life. There is, of course, another method of perspective, and that is through non-judgment and simple acceptance. Mindfulness meditation is a method of training the mind to become calmer and more at peace. In the scientific community, meditation is defined as a method of self-regulation of attention to the present moment, involving adopting a particular orientation toward one's experiences characterized by curiosity, openness, acceptance, and non-judgmental (Bishop et al., 2004). The benefits of meditation are many; however, much more research is required to understand its benefits and mechanisms better. The most well-documented benefit of mindfulness meditation is its ability to alleviate stress and anxiety (Greeson et al., 2018; Petterson & Olson, 2017; Querstret et al., 2020). The method by which this occurs is still reasonably unclear, yet many researchers have developed psychological and physiological theories. Furthermore, meditation reduces stress and anxiety while also creating resilience (Chin et al., 2019; Hwang et al., 2018). So, not only does it seem to be a curative treatment, but a preventative one as well. Understanding how meditation creates stress resilience is crucial to understand why meditation is so beneficial to health—the lessons provided in the research share profound philosophical lessons for us to bear in mind. When studying meditation and its effects on the mind and body, it is essential to take a neuroscientific and psychological approach. The neuroscientific approach is valuable in both providing evidence that meditation impacts the body and sheds light on the mechanisms of action. A psychological perspective is also critical because it evaluates the mental schemas' effect on the body to better understand how the reader can practice this at home and in their daily lives. Both points of view will be discussed below. **Amygdala and ACC connectivity** The two brain areas that seem to be highly related to the process of resilience toward stress induced by mindfulness meditation are the amygdala and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The amygdala is found medial to the brain's temporal lobe and plays a vital role in emotional regulation and attention (Desbordes et al., 2012). For this reason, numerous studies have shown to be heavily involved in the experience of stress (Britton, 2006; Hölzel et al., 2009; Rubinow et al., 2016). It also influences the body in response to stress. For example, the amygdala regulates blood pressure in response to stressful stimuli (Saha, 2005). The role of the ACC is seemingly more complex than the amygdala. In general, it is involved in executing responses regarding incoming interoceptive signals (signals from within the body) (Craig, 2002). For this reason, it connects to the motor cortex of the brain (Craig, 2002). On this same note, the anterior portion of the amygdala, the more executive region, has been associated with regulating endocrine functions, conditioned learning responses, expressing internal states vocally, and maternal-infant interactions (Devinsky et al., 1995). The ACC is related mainly to the processing of internal stimuli, associating it with the practice of mindfulness meditation. Less clear is how it relates to the amygdala and resilience to stress. The neuroscientific observations of stress resilience are found within the connectivity between the amygdala and the ACC. In a randomized control trial involving a 3-day intensive mindfulness meditation program, researchers found that reduced stress following the practice was marked by decreased communication between the amygdala and the ACC (Taren et al., 2014). The study also noted reduced communication between the amygdala and ACC lessened HPA-axis activation (Taren et al., 2014). The HPA-axis is responsible for releasing hormones such as cortisol, which is a common biomarker for the activation of stress. This study is not alone in observing signs that mindfulness meditation reduces cortisol (Hoge et al., 2018). This is strong evidence that meditation induces physical changes within the brain, promoting resilience to biological responses to stress. The question is, how does this occur mentally, and how can we put this into practice? **Important Techniques within Meditation** The discussion and research surrounding how meditation leads to physical changes in the brain and body are complex and poorly understood. The appreciation for science in the west is new, and there is much research to be done. The author's current opinion is that meditation involves both [physical](https://highlighter.com/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzq422kmldvavct44endu667mcfluv5jjmqfmcsyhpj68wurrvhsn7qq056etrdpsku6tnd4ej6mmx94xk2erfw3shg6t0dckh2at48pnxv7kh9ug) and [mental](https://highlighter.com/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzq422kmldvavct44endu667mcfluv5jjmqfmcsyhpj68wurrvhsn7qqdyzt2zd3shxapdw3hj6argv5k4qctnwsknvme389m8steunzv) mechanisms that lead to some of its practical health benefits. Regarding resilience, a randomized control trial also observed that the resilience created was both physical and mental (Hoge et al., 2018). Though the exact mechanism is not fully understood, there has been an effort to gain insight applicable to modern-day life. The research involving the mechanism at which meditation generates resilience towards stress is often pursued from a psychological point of view. To pursue this question, experiments involve different groups of people who are asked to perform similar tasks but differ in mental schemas practiced. The observed differences in health results indicate specific meditation techniques that are so helpful in generating resilience. For example, a randomized control trial in 2018 involved sending a group of participants to a temple (Hwang et al., 2018). One group was asked to participate in meditation sessions, while another group was asked to simply relax during this time at a peaceful place. The purpose was to discern whether or not the relaxing aspect of meditation was sufficient to produce resilience to stress or if something else was causing the change. The results found that both groups showed short-term benefits, but only the meditators had prolonged resilience towards stress months after the experiment. The results indicate that there was a mental practice involved through meditation that promoted stress resilience. A randomized control trial in 2019 expanded on this investigation by having one group of meditators purely practice the focused attention on the present, while the other group focused on the present while also cultivating a perspective of acceptance to all incoming stimuli (Chin et al., 2019). This study found that those who practiced a non-judgmental awareness showed a more significant reduction of stress than the attention group and the non-meditators, suggesting that the non-judgmental awareness of the present moment and experience was an essential aspect of stress resilience. Others have produced a similar theory on why meditation seems to be a healthy therapeutic method for those suffering from PTSD (Thompson & Waltz, 2010). The significance of these findings is not only crucial for those who have a meditation practice but anyone in general. **Be Non-Judgmental** A key aspect of meditation practice is to be mindful and aware of the present experience and interpret all thoughts, experiences, and stimuli in an accepting and non-judgemental manner. Not only is this important within the philosophical teachings, but it is a core aspect of how meditation works from a scientific point of view. This has profound implications for the importance of how we generate personal narratives. In meditation, one learns to let go of every incoming experience, no matter how tempting it is to value that thought or feeling. This is perhaps why the amygdala and ACC are involved. The amygdala is involved in emotions and stress, and the ACC is involved in "doing something about it." In meditation, no matter the feeling, thought, or stressor, one must cultivate an attitude of acceptance. One must simply continue sitting and focusing on the present. There is no evaluation, no judgment, simply acceptance. This article began with the idea that one can become resilient to stress and experience less of it by simply reorienting their perspective of modern stressors. It was also stated that there is seemingly no one answer for everyone. This may be because people often try to generate rational or schemas to help people think about events differently. This article argues a different approach: don't think, just accept, let go, and move on. This is easier said than done, of course, and by no means are the benefits of meditation best articulated through argument. It is best to be experienced first hand. Nonetheless, we are heavily burdened by the values we give to thoughts related to the stressors of modern-day life. We cannot avoid the stressors, but we can change their power over us. Removing their meaning and value removes their power and influence. **References** Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. v., Abbey, S., Speca, M., Velting, D., & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph077 Britton, W. B. (2006). Meditation and Depression. Chin, B., Lindsay, E. K., Greco, C. M., Brown, K. W., Smyth, J. M., Wright, A. G. C., & Creswell, J. D. (2019). Psychological mechanisms driving stress resilience in mindfulness training: A randomized controlled trial. Health Psychology, 38(8), 759–768. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000763 Craig, A. D. (2002). How do you feel? Nature Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105308095062 Desbordes, G., Negi, L. T., Pace, T. W. W., Alan Wallace, B., Raison, C. L., & Schwartz, E. L. (2012). Effects of mindful-attention and compassion meditation training on amygdala response to emotional stimuli in an ordinary, Nonmeditative State. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6(OCTOBER 2012), 292. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00292 Devinsky, O., Morrell, M. J., & Vogt, B. A. (1995). Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour. Brain, 118(1), 279–306. https://doi.org/10.1093/BRAIN/118.1.279 Greeson, J. M., Zarrin, H., Smoski, M. J., Brantley, J. G., Lynch, T. R., Webber, D. M., Hall, M. H., Suarez, E. C., & Wolever, R. Q. (2018). Mindfulness Meditation Targets Transdiagnostic Symptoms Implicated in Stress-Related Disorders: Understanding Relationships between Changes in Mindfulness, Sleep Quality, and Physical Symptoms. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4505191 Hoge, E. A., Bui, E., Palitz, S. A., Schwarz, N. R., Owens, M. E., Johnston, J. M., Pollack, M. H., & Simon, N. M. (2018). The effect of mindfulness meditation training on biological acute stress responses in generalized anxiety disorder. Psychiatry Research, 262(May 2016), 328–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.006 Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Evans, K. C., Hoge, E. A., Dusek, J. A., Morgan, L., Pitman, R. K., & Lazar, S. W. (2009). Stress reduction correlates with structural changes in the amygdala. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsp034 Hwang, W. J., Lee, T. Y., Lim, K. O., Bae, D., Kwak, S., Park, H. Y., & Kwon, J. S. (2018). The effects of four days of intensive mindfulness meditation training (Templestay program) on resilience to stress: A randomized controlled trial. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 23(5), 497–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2017.1363400 Petterson, H., & Olson, B. L. (2017). Effects of mindfulness-based interventions in high school and college athletes for reducing stress and injury, and improving quality of life. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 26(6), 578–587. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2016-0047 Querstret, D., Morison, L., Dickinson, S., Cropley, M., & John, M. (2020). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for psychological health and well-being in nonclinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Stress Management, 27(4), 394–411. https://doi.org/10.1037/str0000165 Rubinow, M. J., Mahajan, G., May, W., Overholser, J. C., Jurjus, G. J., Dieter, L., Herbst, N., Steffens, D. C., Miguel-Hidalgo, J. J., Rajkowska, G., & Stockmeier, C. A. (2016). Basolateral amygdala volume and cell numbers in major depressive disorder: a postmortem stereological study. Brain Structure and Function, 221(1), 171–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0900-z Saha, S. (2005). ROLE OF THE CENTRAL NUCLEUS OF THE AMYGDALA IN THE CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE: DESCENDING PATHWAYS TO MEDULLARY CARDIOVASCULAR NUCLEI. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 32(5–6), 450–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04210.x Taren, A. A., Gianaros, P. J., Greco, C. M., Lindsay, E. K., Fairgrieve, A., Brown, K. W., Rosen, R. K., Ferris, J. L., Julson, E., Marsland, A. L., Bursley, J. K., Ramsburg, J., & Creswell, J. D. (2014). Mindfulness meditation training alters stress-related amygdala resting state functional connectivity: A randomized controlled trial. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(12), 1758–1768. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsv066 Thompson, B. L., & Waltz, J. (2010). Mindfulness and experiential avoidance as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder avoidance symptom severity. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(4), 409–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.005

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Bitcoin halving is a cornerstone event in the cryptocurrency landscape, occurring approximately every four years, or after every 210,000 blocks are mined. This event is significant because it marks a reduction in the reward that miners receive for adding new blocks to the Bitcoin blockchain, effectively halving the rate at which new bitcoins are generated. The concept of halving is embedded in Bitcoin's protocol by Satoshi Nakamoto, its mysterious creator, as a measure to mimic the scarcity and deflationary characteristics of precious metals like gold. This mechanism is crucial in controlling the supply of Bitcoin, ensuring that it remains finite and valuable. As the next halving event draws near, it's not just miners who are impacted; the entire cryptocurrency market, including investors and enthusiasts, keenly anticipates the potential outcomes. Historically, halving events have been associated with increased market activity, price volatility, and heightened public interest in Bitcoin. The event is seen as a moment of transformation for Bitcoin, where the dynamics of supply and demand are altered, potentially leading to significant shifts in its market value. **Table Of Content** - Understanding the Hash Rate Surge - Implications of the Rising Hash Rate - The Halving Event: What to Expect - Preparing for the Halving - Conclusion - FAQs **Understanding the Hash Rate Surge** **What is Hash Rate?** The hash rate, in the context of Bitcoin, refers to the total computational power being used to mine and process transactions on the blockchain. It's a vital metric that reflects the health and security of the network. A higher hash rate means that more computational resources are being dedicated to maintaining the network, making it more robust against potential attacks. The hash rate is measured in hashes per second (H/s), and with advancements in mining technology, the network has seen this rate reach exahash levels (1 EH/s = 1 quintillion hashes per second). This metric is crucial for miners, as it affects their chances of solving the mathematical puzzles required to mine new blocks and earn rewards. It also indicates the level of competition among miners, as a higher hash rate suggests more participants or more powerful mining equipment in the network. **Record-Breaking Levels** The Bitcoin network's hash rate has recently hit an all-time high, reaching a staggering 491 exahashes per second (EH/s). This surge is indicative of the growing strength and security of the network. Such a high hash rate means that the network is more resilient than ever to potential attacks, such as the 51% attack, where a single entity could potentially gain control over the majority of the network's mining power. This level of security is crucial, especially as Bitcoin continues to gain mainstream acceptance and attract significant institutional investment. The record-breaking hash rate also reflects the increasing global interest in Bitcoin mining. It suggests that despite the high costs associated with mining - including specialized hardware and significant electricity consumption - miners are still heavily investing in this activity. This investment is not just in terms of money but also in research and development of more efficient mining technologies, which could further drive up the hash rate. **Implications of the Rising Hash Rate** **Enhanced Network Security** The surge in Bitcoin's hash rate is a positive development for the network's security. A higher hash rate means that it becomes exponentially more difficult for a malicious actor to orchestrate an attack on the network. This security is paramount for a system that handles billions of dollars worth of transactions. The decentralized nature of Bitcoin relies heavily on the integrity of its blockchain, which is maintained by this collective computational effort. As the hash rate increases, the confidence in the network's security also grows, which is crucial for both individual users and institutional investors. This enhanced security is particularly important in the context of the upcoming halving event, as it ensures the stability and reliability of the network during a period of significant change. **Increased Mining Difficulty** With the rise in hash rate comes an increase in the difficulty of mining Bitcoin. The Bitcoin network is designed to adjust the difficulty of mining new blocks approximately every two weeks to ensure that the time between blocks remains around 10 minutes. As more computational power joins the network, the difficulty increases, making it harder for individual miners to solve the cryptographic puzzles required to mine new blocks. This increase in difficulty can have several implications for miners. Smaller miners or those with less efficient equipment may find it increasingly difficult to compete with larger mining operations that have access to more powerful and efficient technology. This could lead to a consolidation in the mining industry, where only the most efficient operations can survive. Additionally, as the difficulty increases, the profitability of mining can decrease, especially if the price of Bitcoin does not increase proportionally. Miners must constantly evaluate their operations' efficiency and electricity costs to ensure continued profitability. **Energy Consumption Concerns** The rising hash rate of the Bitcoin network has brought renewed attention to the issue of energy consumption in Bitcoin mining. The process of mining Bitcoin is energy-intensive, as it requires a significant amount of computational power. As the hash rate increases, so does the total energy consumption of the network. This has led to concerns about the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining, especially in regions where electricity is generated from fossil fuels. The debate around Bitcoin's energy consumption is complex. On one hand, proponents argue that much of the energy used for Bitcoin mining comes from renewable sources, and the industry drives innovation in energy efficiency. On the other hand, critics point out that the overall energy consumption is still substantial and could be directed towards other, more productive uses. This debate is likely to continue as the network grows and the hash rate increases, especially in the context of global concerns about climate change and sustainable energy practices. **The Halving Event: What to Expect** **Reward Reduction** The upcoming Bitcoin halving event is a scheduled reduction in the rewards that miners receive for verifying and adding new transactions to the blockchain. This halving reduces the number of new bitcoins created and earned by miners with each new block from 6.25 bitcoins to 3.125 bitcoins. This event occurs every 210,000 blocks, or approximately every four years, and is a fundamental part of Bitcoin's economic model. The halving is designed to mimic the extraction of precious resources, becoming progressively harder and less rewarding over time. This mechanism ensures that the total supply of Bitcoin will never exceed 21 million coins, making Bitcoin a deflationary asset. The halving event is significant because it affects the economics of Bitcoin mining. With the reward halving, the revenue for miners is effectively cut in half overnight. This can lead to a shakeout in the mining industry, as less efficient miners may no longer be profitable and could be forced to shut down their operations. **Market Impact** Historically, Bitcoin halving events have been followed by significant price increases. This pattern has led to a common perception that halving events are bullish for Bitcoin's price. The rationale behind this is simple: as the rate of new supply of Bitcoin decreases, and if demand remains constant or increases, the price should theoretically go up. However, it's important to note that financial markets are influenced by a myriad of factors, and the impact of the halving may already be priced in by the time it occurs. Additionally, each halving event occurs in a different macroeconomic environment, and past performance is not indicative of future results. Investors and traders closely watch these events, as they can lead to increased volatility in the market. Some see the halving as an opportunity for long-term investment, while others may speculate on short-term price movements. **Preparing for the Halving** **Miner Adaptations** In anticipation of the halving and its impact on profitability, miners are taking various steps to adapt. One key strategy is the investment in more efficient mining hardware. Newer models of mining rigs offer greater hash power with lower energy consumption, which can help maintain profitability even with reduced rewards. Miners are also exploring alternative sources of revenue, such as transaction fee income, which could become a more significant part of their earnings post-halving. Additionally, miners are looking at geographical relocation to regions with cheaper electricity and favorable regulatory environments to reduce operational costs. Another consideration for miners is the potential consolidation of mining operations. Larger mining pools might have a better chance of surviving the reduced rewards, leading to a more centralized mining landscape. This potential centralization raises concerns within the Bitcoin community, as it could impact the decentralized nature of the network. **Investor Strategies** Investors are also preparing for the halving event in various ways. Many are closely analyzing historical data to understand potential market movements, although it's widely acknowledged that past trends may not necessarily predict future outcomes. Some investors view the halving as a key event that could drive long-term value growth in Bitcoin and are adjusting their portfolios accordingly. Others are more cautious, considering the potential for increased volatility around the event. There is also a focus on diversification, with investors looking at other cryptocurrencies and blockchain projects that might benefit from increased interest in the crypto space around the halving. Additionally, institutional investors, who have increasingly entered the cryptocurrency market, are likely to play a significant role in how the market reacts to the halving. Their strategies, which may include hedging and derivative trading, could influence Bitcoin's price dynamics in ways that were not seen in previous halving events. **Conclusion** The countdown to the Bitcoin halving is a period of significant anticipation and activity within the cryptocurrency community. The record-breaking hash rate ahead of the event is a testament to the network's strength and the commitment of its participants to maintain and secure the blockchain. As the halving approaches, the crypto world watches with keen interest, eager to see how this pivotal event will shape the future of Bitcoin. Whether it leads to a surge in price, increased adoption, or new challenges for miners, the halving is a reminder of the unique and dynamic nature of cryptocurrency and its underlying technology. As with any major event in the crypto space, the halving presents both opportunities and risks, and how it plays out could have lasting implications for the entire blockchain ecosystem. **FAQs** **What is Bitcoin Halving?** Bitcoin halving is an event that occurs approximately every four years, reducing the reward for mining new Bitcoin blocks by half. This mechanism controls the supply of new bitcoins and is a fundamental part of Bitcoin's economic model. **Why is the Bitcoin Hash Rate Important?** The hash rate measures the total computational power used in mining and processing transactions on the Bitcoin network. A higher hash rate indicates a more secure and robust network, making it resistant to attacks. **What Happens to Bitcoin's Price After Halving?** Historically, Bitcoin's price has increased following halving events, but this is not guaranteed. Market reactions can be unpredictable, and various factors influence Bitcoin's price. **How Does Halving Affect Bitcoin Miners?** Halving reduces the reward miners receive for validating new blocks, impacting their profitability. Miners often need to upgrade to more efficient hardware or find cheaper energy sources to remain competitive. **Can Bitcoin Halving Lead to Increased Centralization in Mining?** Potentially, yes. As mining becomes less profitable for smaller operations, there could be a consolidation towards larger mining pools, which might lead to a more centralized mining landscape. **Is the Increase in Bitcoin's Hash Rate Linked to the Upcoming Halving?** Yes, the increase in hash rate is often linked to the upcoming halving as miners upgrade their equipment and increase their computational power in anticipation of the reduced mining rewards. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnews.co](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@croxroadnews](https://www.youtube.com/@croxroadnews)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ 1833ee04:7c4a8170

The international race for Bitcoin strategic reserves is just getting started. If you’re stacking now, you’re still incredibly early. At $100k per Bitcoin, it’s practically free for anyone who truly understands how massive this shift is. Think back to when paper currency was introduced, people had to trade their gold for paper bills. Many laughed, saying, Who’s going to trust these worthless pieces of paper as money? Yet today, you sell your time to earn these paper bills while your government can print an unlimited amount at will. The world is returning to a gold standard. But this time, it’s Gold 2.0 which is Bitcoin.The international race for Bitcoin strategic reserves is just getting started.\ \ If you’re stacking now, you’re still incredibly early.\ \ At $100k per Bitcoin, it’s practically free for anyone who truly understands how massive this shift is.\ \ Think back to when paper currency was introduced, people had to trade their gold for paper bills. Many laughed, saying, Who’s going to trust these worthless pieces of paper as money?\ \ Yet today, you sell your time to earn these paper bills while your government can print an unlimited amount at will.\ \ The world is returning to a gold standard. But this time, it’s Gold 2.0 which is Bitcoin.

@ 5af07946:98fca8c4

Syādvāda, also known as the theory of conditional predication, is a fundamental concept in Jain philosophy that bears some intriguing similarities to modern concepts of probability. ## Conditional Prediction system Syādvāda is a theory of epistemological relativism that forms the basis of Jain [logic](https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Syadvada). The term "syād" in Sanskrit means "may be" or "perhaps," and in the context of syādvāda, it translates to "in some ways" or "from a perspective". This theory asserts that reality is complex and multifaceted, and no single proposition can fully express its nature. ## Saptabhangi: The Seven-fold Predication The core of syādvāda is manifested in the process of Saptabhangi, or seven-fold prediction. This approach examines reality from seven different conditional and relative viewpoints: - Syādasti (maybe, it is) - Syānnāsti (maybe, it is not) - Syādasti nāsti (maybe, it is, and it is not) - Syādavaktavya (maybe, it is indeterminate) - Syādasti avaktavya (maybe, it is and is indeterminate) - Syānnāsti avaktavya (maybe, it is not and is indeterminate) - Syādasti nāsti avaktavya (maybe, it is, is not, and is indeterminate) ## Connections to Probability Syādvāda shares conceptual similarities with Probability theory: - Non-absolutism: Like probability theory, syādvāda acknowledges uncertainty and rejects absolute [statements](https://indiaphilosophy.wordpress.com/tag/syadvad/). However, it asserts that there are only seven categories necessary and also sufficient to exhaust all possibilities of knowledge! - Conditional nature: Both syādvāda and probability deal with conditional statements and [chances](https://jainfriends.tripod.com/books/jiblsyadvada.html) - Multiple outcomes: Syādvāda's seven-fold prediction can be seen as analogous to considering multiple possible outcomes in probability. - Indeterminacy: The fourth category of syādvāda, "avaktavya" (indeterminate), has been interpreted by some scholars as having relevance to the concept of probability. ## An Illustrative Example Consider the tossing of a coin: - "It is head" (now) - Syādasti - "It is not-head" (on another occasion) - Syānnāsti - "It is, and it is not" - Syādasti nāsti - "It is indeterminate" (before the toss) - Syādavaktavya This example demonstrates how syādvāda's categories can be applied to a situation involving uncertainty, similar to how we might approach it using probability theory. ## Historical Significance and Modern Relevance Syādvāda was well-developed by the 6th century AD and received significant attention in medieval Indian logic. It is believed that it was based on astrological principles of Maharishi Parashara - the father of ancient astrology.

@ 916a7ab7:146bb83e

It was not ago that my life was simpler than it is today. I remember being a simple clone, droning on through a structured life as I'd been trained to do since birth. Like most people I knew, I was raised in a world where you were mentally prepared for a conceptually simple life: 1. Finish high school, if possible. 2. Go to college, if possible. 3. Find a job. 4. Earn money. 5. Pay bills. 6. Get married. 7. Start a family. 8. Pay more bills. 9. Raise family and (hopefully) launch the kids. 10. Plan to retire, but expect to work into your 70s. It was a programmed formula for life. A generational blueprint, if you will. Sure, there would be unpredictable details, but I expected my life to follow this path. As I plodded along through my fairly boring life, I checked most of those things off the list. High school was easy, but getting off the farm was not. Enlisting in the military solved that problem, and the pay in the mid-1990s wasn't bad for a 17 year old kid with no bills. I got paid every two weeks, lived in the barracks, and spent most of my money on booze. Life was good, and I had no other purpose than to do my job and keep earning money. Before I knew it, though, everything changed. I got married, had some kids and accumulated a mountain of debt. Like my parents before me, I was stuck in a never ending cycle of working my ass off, paying bills, buying food, and trying to save what little money was left over for a future that was unpredictable at best. Financial struggles stressed our marriage, the kids continued eating more and more food, and then 2008 tanked the value of our home. That was the first nudge that stirred my oblivious slumber. And there was more to come. Rising taxes, inflation, the clown show at the federal reserve, the wars funded by central banks, an astronomical national debt, and the burdens of our mistakes weighing down the futures of our children. Not to mention a federal government that actively seeks to censor, suppress, and financially imprison its own people. The times exuded chaos. Then a few months ago, I woke up... It happened during an episode of The Tuttle Twins, a cartoon show from Angel Studios. I homeschool my three youngest kids, and I'd let them watch TV during lunch so I could grade some papers. This cartoon was new to me, but the kids liked the music and the crazy raccoon. As fate would have it, they ended up watching an episode about Bitcoin. This, of course, led to a long series of questions: "Dad, what's Bitcoin?" "Is Bitcoin real?" "Do you have Bitcoin?" "Can I get Bitcoin for allowance instead of dollars?" I had no answers for these questions, so we started doing some research together. We turned on our Chromebooks and launched a barrage of web searches. After reading a bunch of articles I came away with the idea that Bitcoin might be a real thing. Later that evening, and after the kids were in bed, I couldn't stop thinking about Bitcoin. I honestly didn't understand half of what I read in those articles, which bothered me. I'm not a super smart guy, but I catch on to things pretty quickly, and I wanted to better understand what I'd read. I expanded my search to podcasts and YouTube videos. I ended up listening to a couple episodes from a Bitcoin Veterans podcast. As a veteran myself, I figured that this group of Bitcoin-savvy veterans would be able to help me figure out all this madness. I was right. I quickly learned that the word "Bitcoin" was just the tip of the iceberg, and I quickly found myself falling through an endless rabbit hole. They pointed me in a lot of different directions, but they were all helpful. (If you're a US military veteran and want to connect with this group, find them at [bitcoinveterans.org].) A couple months ago, I couldn't tell you the difference between a Bitcoin and a meme coin. I'd come across the phrase Bitcoin mining, and I just thought there was a special group of people who mined a special metal to create coins with a big "B" on them. Why couldn't they just use the metal we already mined? Sheesh! I thought nostr was a virus, and a Kraken was still a giant squid. As of today, I'm happy to say that I've made a little bit of progress. Those things above no longer confuse me, and I actually have a little bit of Bitcoin now. Sure, I'm still trying to wrap my head around NFTs and figure out who the Pepe frog man is, but I'm no longer completely lost. Not to mention, I just spent most of the last 24 hours figuring this whole nostr thing out, which excites me. I kind of missed the boat on the big name social media platforms, so I'm looking forward to this new decentralized approach to things. For now, I'm just happy to be awake. Finally. I see the need for decentralization and the necessity of moving away from fiat monies. I don't have much to offer except my intellect and my love of writing, but I'm here to serve in any way that I can.

@ c2827524:5f45b2f7

#### Social media e condivisioni anche da mobile? #### Certamente sì, con i **client per i dispositivi Android**.  ## Zapstore: client Nostr in un posto solo Zapstore non c'era e lo hanno inventato. È lo store dal quale si scaricano i client #Nostr per i dispositivi mobili. Permissionless è la chiave: non serve attendere che gli store "ufficiali" mettano a disposizione l'ultima release e nemmeno che la comunità di f-droid compili i sorgenti. Gli sviluppatori di client per Android aggiornano Zapstore e il gioco è fatto! [Zapstore si scarica direttamente dal sito ufficiale](https://zapstore.dev/). Al primo download è consigliato seguire le istruzioni per verificare lo sha256 del file apk, prima di installarlo sul proprio dispositivo. ## Universo N.O.S.T.R. Una volta installato e aperto zapstore, **l'universo Nostr si apre in tutto il suo splendore**. Tra i primi suggerimenti si dovrebbe trovare Amber ma, se non compare, basta cercare nella casella di ricerca.  Dopodiché Amber viene presentato in primo piano  Basta cliccare sulla presentaione e compare in basso il tasto ***Install***  Zapstore esorta a fare le proprie ricerche per controllare la versione, sviluppatore e le caratteristiche dell'app che si va ad installare. Quando si è verificato bene, cliccare su ***Trust and install app***  Lasciare installare e alla fine Android chiede l'autorizzazione all'installazione. Come sempre, se è la prima volta che si usa uno store "non ufficiale", si dovrà anche autorizzare dalle impostazioni generali del dispositivo, cui si accede automaticamente  Non resta che cliccare in basso su ***Open*** per lanciare Amber  Amber è l'app che firmerà tutti gli eventi che si pubblicheranno su Nostr. Come app è anche in grado di generare una nuova coppia di chiavi. Presupponendo di aver già un profilo attivo ed impostato, magari [creato seguendo il tutorial precedente](https://laura.npub.pro/post/z3dxkkdooerzzyv_oqy6b/), qui si deve cliccare su ***Use your private key***  La chiave privata può essere copiata/incollata o scansionata agendo sull'iconcina stilizzata del QR code. Una volta importata si deve proseguire cliccando ***Next***  Impostare come far firmare Amber, approvando la firma per eventi semplici o farlo manualmente ogni singola volta, poi confermare cliccando ***Finish***  Amber è pronto a firmare eventi, note and other stuff che ogni utente vorrà pubblicare. Manca solo il/i client che si desidera utilizzare. Aggiungerne uno cliccando sul "+" in basso a destra  ## Amethyst Amethyst è il client per Android forse più completo, aggiornato ed efficiente del mondo Android. Se c'è un client ottimo per iniziare, [è proprio Amethyst](https://github.com/vitorpamplona/amethyst). Se non compare tra i suggerimenti della home di Amber, cercarlo e scegliere ***Install***  Tra il download e l'apertura di Amethyst, c'è il passaggio della verifica dell'integrità del file apk, che Amber svolge al posto dell'utente  Quando la verifica è terminata, basta aprire Amethyst cliccando in basso su ***Open***  Accettare i ToS per evienziare i pulsanti di login  e scegliere ***Login with Amber***  Scegliere quali privilegi consentire ad Amber, che vengono mostrati in una lista e terminare cliccando su ***Grant Permissions***  Da questo momento in poi sarà Amber a firmare le note con la chiave privata dell'utente. Alle nostriche resta solo il compito di dare spazio alla creatività e usare Amethyst per condividere post.  La pubblicazione avviene cliccando ***Post*** su Amethyst e, a seconda dei permessi concessi ad Amber, la nota verrà propagata. Ad esempio: se si è scelto di approvare manualmente ogni post, Amber mostra il menu di conferma.  Approvare manualmente ogni post è, all'inizio, un bel modo di utilizzare Amber, perché facilita la conoscenza della natura degli eventi che si stanno postando. --- ## I settings di Amber Uno sguardo ai menu e alle impostazioni di Amber è doveroso. Non ci sono accorgimenti particolari, ma è sempre un'ottima abitudine conoscere ed esplorare i menu delle app che si vanno ad utilizzare. Dalla home di Amber, sono visibili in basso e si trovano - in ordine - * ***Incoming Request***, dove appariranno le richieste di approvazione per firmare le note  * ***Settings***, per tutte le impostazioni generali di sicurezza, uso con Orbot, rivedere le scelte di firma ***Sign Policy*** ecc  approvare il controllo biometrico per la firma, se impostato sul dispositivo  e dare un'occhiata e un test ai relay che si son scelti  #### Non manca nient'altro. Solo postare ed eslorare i client più belli e aggiornarli da Zapstore --- ## Per info * https://nostree.me/laura@cosanostr.com * https://laura.npub.pro/ * https://t.me/bitcoincampus * https://planb.network

@ ef1e59bf:b686587d

## Key Insights Explained While both systems provide innovative soilless growing solutions, the unique difference lies in their approach—hydroponics relies on a nutrient-rich water solution, whereas aquaponics integrates fish into the ecosystem to naturally supply nutrients. This not only impacts their cultivation techniques but also illustrates varying levels of sustainability and resource use. In exploring these systems, one cannot help but consider the broader implications for urban agriculture. For those looking to adopt such systems, understanding key differences can significantly impact decisions on efficiency, cost, and ecological footprint. ##### What Is Hydroponics? In hydroponics, we grow plants in water enriched with nutrients rather than soil. This method provides a controlled environment where the roots receive all necessary elements directly from the nutrient solution. It's fascinating how plants can thrive without ever touching the soil. The benefits of hydroponics are impressive. We can achieve faster growth rates due to optimal nutrient delivery, and the space-saving designs, such as vertical farms, maximise small areas. Moreover, nutrient levels can be controlled precisely, ensuring plants receive exactly what they need. ##### What Is Aquaponics? Aquaponics is an innovative system that blends aquaculture, which is the practice of raising fish, with hydroponics, the soilless cultivation of plants. In this symbiotic setup, fish waste serves as a natural fertiliser, supplying essential nutrients to the plants. In return, the plants help purify the water, creating a healthy environment for the fish. This system is unique because it mimics natural ecosystems, enhancing sustainability. The dual benefits of growing plants and fish simultaneously make aquaponics an attractive option for those of us interested in sustainable agriculture and promoting organic cultivation practices. ##### Key Differences Hydroponics and aquaponics each offer unique benefits and challenges. Understanding these systems requires examining their differences in nutrient sources, water usage, plant growth density, time to harvest, setup intricacies, and the types of produce they best support. ##### Nutrient Source In hydroponics, plants receive nutrients through specially prepared solutions, often purchased from commercial suppliers. This method allows us to maintain a high level of control over nutrient balance, making precise adjustments as needed. Aquaponics, by contrast, relies on fish waste to supply nutrients. This forms a more natural ecosystem, requiring biological processes like nitrification to convert waste into nutrients usable by plants. While this approach involves fewer chemical inputs and is more sustainable, it offers less control over nutrient levels. ##### Water Usage Hydroponic systems excel in water efficiency by recirculating water, though they necessitate regular changes to keep nutrient solutions balanced. Despite their efficiency, water loss can occur through evaporation or leaks, which requires monitoring. Aquaponics operates as a closed-loop system where water is continually recycled between the fish tank and plant beds, minimising waste. This setup further reduces water use due to natural filtration by plants, making it an incredibly water-efficient choice. ##### Grow Density Hydroponics typically supports higher density plant growth, especially in vertical setups. This is ideal for cultivating leafy greens, herbs, and other fast-growing plants in compact spaces. Aquaponics requires space for both fish and plants, which limits plant density. Although some plants may grow slower due to varying nutrient availability, this method offers the benefit of integrating fish care into the system. ##### Grow Time In hydroponics, plants enjoy faster growth rates thanks to controlled nutrient and environmental conditions. These systems often facilitate shorter growing cycles compared to traditional farming, enhancing efficiency. Aquaponics, while efficient, may experience slightly slower growth rates due to the time taken for natural nutrient conversion. Balancing fish growth with plant cycles adds an extra layer of complexity but is a rewarding experience for those willing to engage deeply with the system. ##### Set Up and Maintenance Starting a hydroponic system is relatively straightforward, with pumps, nutrient tanks, and light management being primary needs. Regular checks of pH, nutrient levels, and water are essential yet generally simple. Aquaponics demands more initial infrastructure and expertise due to the need for integrated fish tanks and plant systems. Balancing fish health and water quality with plant needs adds complexity, but long-term sustainability benefits are significant. Setting up these systems can seem daunting but offer reduced external nutrient input over time. ##### Produce Types Hydroponics shines when growing leafy greens and herbs, achieving high success rates with crops like lettuce, basil, and spinach. These systems, however, have limitations when it comes to larger or more nutrient-demanding produce. Aquaponics expands possibilities by supporting a broader range of plants, including fruiting ones such as tomatoes, alongside fish like tilapia or trout. This dual-production feature offers diverse yields, though the choice of fish can influence plant variety. ##### Which Is More Sustainable? When we consider the sustainability of hydroponics, several factors come to mind. First, high water efficiency and space-saving designs make it attractive for eco-conscious growers. Yet, the reliance on artificial nutrients and the higher energy usage, particularly for lighting and pumps, may impact its overall eco-friendliness. These elements can sometimes offset the system’s environmental benefits. In contrast, aquaponics offers a unique closed-loop system that naturally recycles waste. This can significantly reduce the need for external inputs, aligning well with principles of organic farming. While this method requires more space and careful maintenance for both fish and plants, it typically involves less chemical intervention, appealing to those seeking a more natural approach. ###### Let's compare the environmental impact of these methods: * Aquaponics might have a lower environmental footprint due to its natural nutrient cycle, reducing waste and chemical use. * On the other hand, hydroponics can be well-suited for urban environments or locations with limited resources, thanks to its efficient use of water and space. Ultimately, deciding which system is more sustainable depends on specific circumstances and priorities. If natural nutrient cycles and less chemical intervention are valued, aquaponics might be favoured. Nevertheless, if water and space efficiency are paramount, especially in urban settings, hydroponics might be more suitable. Hydroponics is a game-changer for sustainable farming, offering efficient water use, reduced land impact, and year-round crop production. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced grower, having the right tools and knowledge is key to success. Visit [Hyjo ](https://hyjo.co.uk/)for high-quality hydroponic systems, nutrients, and expert advice. Start growing smarter and greener with Hyjo today!

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

President Trump has started rolling out his tariffs, something I [blogged about in November](https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2024/11/steelmanning-tariffs/). People are talking about these tariffs a lot right now, with many people (correctly) commenting on how consumers will end up with higher prices as a result of these tariffs. While that part is true, I’ve seen a lot of people taking it to the next, incorrect step: that consumers will pay the entirety of the tax. I [put up a poll on X](https://x.com/snoyberg/status/1886035800019599808) to see what people thought, and while the right answer got a lot of votes, it wasn't the winner.  For purposes of this blog post, our ultimate question will be the following: * Suppose apples currently sell for $1 each in the entire United States. * There are domestic sellers and foreign sellers of apples, all receiving the same price. * There are no taxes or tariffs on the purchase of apples. * The question is: if the US federal government puts a $0.50 import tariff per apple, what will be the change in the following: * Number of apples bought in the US * Price paid by buyers for apples in the US * Post-tax price received by domestic apple producers * Post-tax price received by foreign apple producers Before we can answer that question, we need to ask an easier, first question: before instituting the tariff, why do apples cost $1? And finally, before we dive into the details, let me provide you with the answers to the ultimate question. I recommend you try to guess these answers before reading this, and if you get it wrong, try to understand why: 1. The number of apples bought will go down 2. The buyers will pay more for each apple they buy, but not the full amount of the tariff 3. Domestic apple sellers will receive a *higher* price per apple 4. Foreign apple sellers will receive a *lower* price per apple, but not lowered by the full amount of the tariff In other words, regardless of who sends the payment to the government, both taxed parties (domestic buyers and foreign sellers) will absorb some of the costs of the tariff, while domestic sellers will benefit from the protectionism provided by tariffs and be able to sell at a higher price per unit. ## Marginal benefit All of the numbers discussed below are part of a [helper Google Sheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14ZbkWpw1B9Q1UDB9Yh47DmdKQfIafVVBKbDUsSIfGZw/edit?usp=sharing) I put together for this analysis. Also, apologies about the jagged lines in the charts below, I hadn’t realized before starting on this that there are [some difficulties with creating supply and demand charts in Google Sheets](https://superuser.com/questions/1359731/how-to-create-a-supply-demand-style-chart). Let’s say I absolutely love apples, they’re my favorite food. How much would I be willing to pay for a single apple? You might say “$1, that’s the price in the supermarket,” and in many ways you’d be right. If I walk into supermarket A, see apples on sale for $50, and know that I can buy them at supermarket B for $1, I’ll almost certainly leave A and go buy at B. But that’s not what I mean. What I mean is: how high would the price of apples have to go *everywhere* so that I’d no longer be willing to buy a single apple? This is a purely personal, subjective opinion. It’s impacted by how much money I have available, other expenses I need to cover, and how much I like apples. But let’s say the number is $5. How much would I be willing to pay for another apple? Maybe another $5. But how much am I willing to pay for the 1,000th apple? 10,000th? At some point, I’ll get sick of apples, or run out of space to keep the apples, or not be able to eat, cook, and otherwise preserve all those apples before they rot. The point being: I’ll be progressively willing to spend less and less money for each apple. This form of analysis is called *marginal benefit*: how much benefit (expressed as dollars I’m willing to spend) will I receive from each apple? This is a downward sloping function: for each additional apple I buy (quantity demanded), the price I’m willing to pay goes down. This is what gives my personal *demand curve*. And if we aggregate demand curves across all market participants (meaning: everyone interested in buying apples), we end up with something like this:  Assuming no changes in people’s behavior and other conditions in the market, this chart tells us how many apples will be purchased by our buyers at each price point between $0.50 and $5. And ceteris paribus (all else being equal), this will continue to be the demand curve for apples. ## Marginal cost Demand is half the story of economics. The other half is supply, or: how many apples will I sell at each price point? Supply curves are upward sloping: the higher the price, the more a person or company is willing and able to sell a product. Let’s understand why. Suppose I have an apple orchard. It’s a large property right next to my house. With about 2 minutes of effort, I can walk out of my house, find the nearest tree, pick 5 apples off the tree, and call it a day. 5 apples for 2 minutes of effort is pretty good, right? Yes, there was all the effort necessary to buy the land, and plant the trees, and water them… and a bunch more than I likely can’t even guess at. We’re going to ignore all of that for our analysis, because for short-term supply-and-demand movement, we can ignore these kinds of *sunk costs*. One other simplification: in reality, supply curves often start descending before ascending. This accounts for achieving efficiencies of scale after the first number of units purchased. But since both these topics are unneeded for understanding taxes, I won’t go any further. Anyway, back to my apple orchard. If someone offers me $0.50 per apple, I can do 2 minutes of effort and get $2.50 in revenue, which equates to a $75/hour wage for me. I’m more than happy to pick apples at that price\! However, let’s say someone comes to buy 10,000 apples from me instead. I no longer just walk out to my nearest tree. I’m going to need to get in my truck, drive around, spend the day in the sun, pay for gas, take a day off of my day job (let’s say it pays me $70/hour). The costs go up significantly. Let’s say it takes 5 days to harvest all those apples myself, it costs me $100 in fuel and other expenses, and I lose out on my $70/hour job for 5 days. We end up with: * Total expenditure: $100 \+ $70 \* 8 hours a day \* 5 days \== $2900 * Total revenue: $5000 (10,000 apples at $0.50 each) * Total profit: $2100 So I’m still willing to sell the apples at this price, but it’s not as attractive as before. And as the number of apples purchased goes up, my costs keep increasing. I’ll need to spend more money on fuel to travel more of my property. At some point I won’t be able to do the work myself anymore, so I’ll need to pay others to work on the farm, and they’ll be slower at picking apples than me (less familiar with the property, less direct motivation, etc.). The point being: at some point, the number of apples can go high enough that the $0.50 price point no longer makes me any money. This kind of analysis is called *marginal cost*. It refers to the additional amount of expenditure a seller has to spend in order to produce each additional unit of the good. Marginal costs go up as quantity sold goes up. And like demand curves, if you aggregate this data across all sellers, you get a supply curve like this:  ## Equilibrium price We now know, for every price point, how many apples buyers will purchase, and how many apples sellers will sell. Now we find the equilibrium: where the supply and demand curves meet. This point represents where the marginal benefit a buyer would receive from the next buyer would be less than the cost it would take the next seller to make it. Let’s see it in a chart:  You’ll notice that these two graphs cross at the $1 price point, where 63 apples are both demanded (bought by consumers) and supplied (sold by producers). This is our equilibrium price. We also have a visualization of the *surplus* created by these trades. Everything to the left of the equilibrium point and between the supply and demand curves represents surplus: an area where someone is receiving something of more value than they give. For example: * When I bought my first apple for $1, but I was willing to spend $5, I made $4 of consumer surplus. The consumer portion of the surplus is everything to the left of the equilibrium point, between the supply and demand curves, and above the equilibrium price point. * When a seller sells his first apple for $1, but it only cost $0.50 to produce it, the seller made $0.50 of producer surplus. The producer portion of the surplus is everything to the left of the equilibrium point, between the supply and demand curves, and below the equilibrium price point. Another way of thinking of surplus is “every time someone got a better price than they would have been willing to take.” OK, with this in place, we now have enough information to figure out how to price in the tariff, which we’ll treat as a negative externality. ## Modeling taxes Alright, the government has now instituted a $0.50 tariff on every apple sold within the US by a foreign producer. We can generally model taxes by either increasing the marginal cost of each unit sold (shifting the supply curve up), or by decreasing the marginal benefit of each unit bought (shifting the demand curve down). In this case, since only some of the producers will pay the tax, it makes more sense to modify the supply curve. First, let’s see what happens to the foreign seller-only supply curve when you add in the tariff:  With the tariff in place, for each quantity level, the price at which the seller will sell is $0.50 higher than before the tariff. That makes sense: if I was previously willing to sell my 82nd apple for $3, I would now need to charge $3.50 for that apple to cover the cost of the tariff. We see this as the tariff “pushing up” or “pushing left” the original supply curve. We can add this new supply curve to our existing (unchanged) supply curve for domestic-only sellers, and we end up with a result like this:  The total supply curve adds up the individual foreign and domestic supply curves. At each price point, we add up the total quantity each group would be willing to sell to determine the total quantity supplied for each price point. Once we have that cumulative supply curve defined, we can produce an updated supply-and-demand chart including the tariff:  As we can see, the equilibrium has shifted: * The equilibrium price paid by consumers has risen from $1 to $1.20. * The total number of apples purchased has dropped from 63 apples to 60 apples. * Consumers therefore received 3 less apples. They spent $72 for these 60 apples, whereas previously they spent $63 for 3 more apples, a definite decrease in consumer surplus. * Foreign producers sold 36 of those apples (see the raw data in the linked Google Sheet), for a gross revenue of $43.20. However, they also need to pay the tariff to the US government, which accounts for $18, meaning they only receive $25.20 post-tariff. Previously, they sold 42 apples at $1 each with no tariff to be paid, meaning they took home $42. * Domestic producers sold the remaining 24 apples at $1.20, giving them a revenue of $28.80. Since they don’t pay the tariff, they take home all of that money. By contrast, previously, they sold 21 apples at $1, for a take-home of $21. * The government receives $0.50 for each of the 60 apples sold, or in other words receives $30 in revenue it wouldn’t have received otherwise. We could be more specific about the surpluses, and calculate the actual areas for consumer surplus, producer surplus, inefficiency from the tariff, and government revenue from the tariff. But I won’t bother, as those calculations get slightly more involved. Instead, let’s just look at the aggregate outcomes: * Consumers were unquestionably hurt. Their price paid went up by $0.20 per apple, and received less apples. * Foreign producers were also hurt. Their price received went down from the original $1 to the new post-tariff price of $1.20, minus the $0.50 tariff. In other words: foreign producers only receive $0.70 per apple now. This hurt can be mitigated by shifting sales to other countries without a tariff, but the pain will exist regardless. * Domestic producers scored. They can sell less apples and make more revenue doing it. * And the government walked away with an extra $30. Hopefully you now see the answer to the original questions. Importantly, while the government imposed a $0.50 tariff, neither side fully absorbed that cost. Consumers paid a bit more, foreign producers received a bit less. The exact details of how that tariff was split across the groups is mediated by the relevant supply and demand curves of each group. If you want to learn more about this, the relevant search term is “price elasticity,” or how much a group’s quantity supplied or demanded will change based on changes in the price. ## Other taxes Most taxes are some kind of a tax on trade. Tariffs on apples is an obvious one. But the same applies to income tax (taxing the worker for the trade of labor for money) or payroll tax (same thing, just taxing the employer instead). Interestingly, you can use the same model for analyzing things like tax incentives. For example, if the government decided to subsidize domestic apple production by giving the domestic producers a $0.50 bonus for each apple they sell, we would end up with a similar kind of analysis, except instead of the foreign supply curve shifting up, we’d see the domestic supply curve shifting down. And generally speaking, this is what you’ll *always* see with government involvement in the economy. It will result in disrupting an existing equilibrium, letting the market readjust to a new equilibrium, and incentivization of some behavior, causing some people to benefit and others to lose out. We saw with the apple tariff, domestic producers and the government benefited while others lost. You can see the reverse though with tax incentives. If I give a tax incentive of providing a deduction (not paying income tax) for preschool, we would end up with: * Government needs to make up the difference in tax revenue, either by raising taxes on others or printing more money (leading to inflation). Either way, those paying the tax or those holding government debased currency will pay a price. * Those people who don’t use the preschool deduction will receive no benefit, so they simply pay a cost. * Those who do use the preschool deduction will end up paying less on tax+preschool than they would have otherwise. This analysis is fully amoral. It’s not saying whether providing subsidized preschool is a good thing or not, it simply tells you where the costs will be felt, and points out that such government interference in free economic choice does result in inefficiencies in the system. Once you have that knowledge, you’re more well educated on making a decision about whether the costs of government intervention are worth the benefits.

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/875346

@ 23dea97f:72ed98dc

Post number 1

@ b7274d28:c99628cb

For anyone interested in the list of essential essays from nostr:npub14hn6p34vegy4ckeklz8jq93mendym9asw8z2ej87x2wuwf8werasc6a32x ([@anilsaidso](https://x.com/anilsaidso)) on Twitter that nostr:npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev mentioned on Read 856, here it is. I have compiled it with as many of the essays as I could find, along with the audio versions, when available. Additionally, if the author is on #Nostr, I have tagged their npub so you can thank them by zapping them some sats. All credit for this list and the graphics accompanying each entry goes to nostr:npub14hn6p34vegy4ckeklz8jq93mendym9asw8z2ej87x2wuwf8werasc6a32x, whose original thread can be found here: [Anil's Essential Essays Thread](https://x.com/anilsaidso/status/1290758632238276609)  ## 1.  > History shows us that the corruption of monetary systems leads to moral decay, social collapse, and slavery. Essay: https://breedlove22.medium.com/masters-and-slaves-of-money-255ecc93404f Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/RI0iCGRCCYdhnMXIN3L6 ## 2.  > The 21st century emergence of Bitcoin, encryption, the internet, and millennials are more than just trends; they herald a wave of change that exhibits similar dynamics as the 16-17th century revolution that took place in Europe. Author: nostr:npub13l3lyslfzyscrqg8saw4r09y70702s6r025hz52sajqrvdvf88zskh8xc2 Essay: https://casebitcoin.com/docs/TheBitcoinReformation_TuurDemeester.pdf Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/uLgBG2tyCLMlOp3g50EL ## 3.  > There are many men out there who will parrot the "debt is money WE owe OURSELVES" without acknowledging that "WE" isn't a static entity, but a collection of individuals at different points in their lives. Author: nostr:npub1guh5grefa7vkay4ps6udxg8lrqxg2kgr3qh9n4gduxut64nfxq0q9y6hjy Essay: https://www.tftc.io/issue-754-ludwig-von-mises-human-action/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/UXacM2rkdcyjG9xp9O2l ## 4.  > If Bitcoin exists for 20 years, there will be near-universal confidence that it will be available forever, much as people believe the Internet is a permanent feature of the modern world. Essay: https://vijayboyapati.medium.com/the-bullish-case-for-bitcoin-6ecc8bdecc1 Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/jC3KbxTkXVzXO4vR7X3W As you are surely aware, Vijay has expanded this into a book available here: [The Bullish Case for Bitcoin Book](https://www.bullishcaseforbitcoin.com/product-page/the-bullish-case-for-bitcoin-paperback-1) There is also an audio book version available here: [The Bullish Case for Bitcoin Audio Book](https://www.audible.com/pd/The-Bullish-Case-for-Bitcoin-Audiobook/B09QXR9GVL?eac_link=m4syoiXYyRJh&ref=web_search_eac_asin_1&eac_selected_type=asin&eac_selected=B09QXR9GVL&qid=2tIYC0F4Ya&eac_id=135-0887332-3379864_2tIYC0F4Ya&sr=1-1) ## 5.  > This realignment would not be traditional right vs left, but rather land vs cloud, state vs network, centralized vs decentralized, new money vs old, internationalist/capitalist vs nationalist/socialist, MMT vs BTC,...Hamilton vs Satoshi. Essay: https://nakamoto.com/bitcoin-becomes-the-flag-of-technology/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/tFJKjYLKhiFY8voDssZc ## 6. [Gradually, Then Suddenly](https://relay.brightbolt.net/fa4196f5c6183bda153e2e3c9911909d289b5a428852f5f07f7c1991191e7489.jpg) > I became convinced that, whether bitcoin survives or not, the existing financial system is working on borrowed time. Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/gradually-then-suddenly/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/Mf6hgTFUNESqvdxEIOGZ Parker Lewis went on to release several more articles in the Gradually, Then Suddenly series. They can be found here: [Gradually, Then Suddenly Series](https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/series/gradually-then-suddenly/) nostr:npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev has, of course, read all of them for us. Listing them all here is beyond the scope of this article, but you can find them by searching the podcast feed here: [Bitcoin Audible Feed](https://fountain.fm/show/RtZlWdbEbpyEyjBNbeQ7) Finally, Parker Lewis has refined these articles and released them as a book, which is available here: [Gradually, Then Suddenly Book](https://academy.saifedean.com/product/gradually-then-suddenly-hardcover/) ## 7.  > Bitcoin is a beautifully-constructed protocol. Genius is apparent in its design to most people who study it in depth, in terms of the way it blends math, computer science, cyber security, monetary economics, and game theory. Author: nostr:npub1a2cww4kn9wqte4ry70vyfwqyqvpswksna27rtxd8vty6c74era8sdcw83a Essay: https://www.lynalden.com/invest-in-bitcoin/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/axeqKBvYCSP1s9aJIGSe ## 8.  > Bitcoin offers a sweeping vista of opportunity to re-imagine how the financial system can and should work in the Internet era.. Essay: https://archive.nytimes.com/dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/01/21/why-bitcoin-matters/ ## 9.  > Using Bitcoin for consumer purchases is akin to driving a Concorde jet down the street to pick up groceries: a ridiculously expensive waste of an astonishing tool. Author: nostr:npub1gdu7w6l6w65qhrdeaf6eyywepwe7v7ezqtugsrxy7hl7ypjsvxksd76nak Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/economics-of-bitcoin-as-a-settlement-network/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/JoSpRFWJtoogn3lvTYlz ## 10.  > The Internet is a dumb network, which is its defining and most valuable feature. The Internet’s protocol (..) doesn’t offer “services.” It doesn’t make decisions about content. It doesn’t distinguish between photos, text, video and audio. Essay: https://fee.org/articles/decentralization-why-dumb-networks-are-better/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/b7gOEqmWxn8RiDziffXf ## 11.  > Most people are only familiar with (b)itcoin the electronic currency, but more important is (B)itcoin, with a capital B, the underlying protocol, which encapsulates and distributes the functions of contract law. I was unable to find this essay or any audio version. Clicking on Anil's original link took me to Naval's blog, but that particular entry seems to have been removed. ## 12.  > Bitcoin can approximate unofficial exchange rates which, in turn, can be used to detect both the existence and the magnitude of the distortion caused by capital controls & exchange rate manipulations. Essay: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Papers.cfm?abstract_id=2714921 ## 13.  > You can create something which looks cosmetically similar to Bitcoin, but you cannot replicate the settlement assurances which derive from the costliness of the ledger. Essay: https://medium.com/@nic__carter/its-the-settlement-assurances-stupid-5dcd1c3f4e41 Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/5NoPoiRU4NtF2YQN5QI1 ## 14.  > When we can secure the most important functionality of a financial network by computer science... we go from a system that is manual, local, and of inconsistent security to one that is automated, global, and much more secure. Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/money-blockchains-and-social-scalability/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/VMH9YmGVCF8c3I5zYkrc ## 15.  > The BCB enforces the strictest deposit regulations in the world by requiring full reserves for all accounts. ..money is not destroyed when bank debts are repaid, so increased money hoarding does not cause liquidity traps.. Author: nostr:npub1hxwmegqcfgevu4vsfjex0v3wgdyz8jtlgx8ndkh46t0lphtmtsnsuf40pf Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/the-bitcoin-central-banks-perfect-monetary-policy/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/ralOokFfhFfeZpYnGAsD ## 16.  > When Satoshi announced Bitcoin on the cryptography mailing list, he got a skeptical reception at best. Cryptographers have seen too many grand schemes by clueless noobs. They tend to have a knee jerk reaction. Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/bitcoin-and-me/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/Vx8hKhLZkkI4cq97qS4Z ## 17.  > No matter who you are, or how big your company is, **𝙮𝙤𝙪𝙧 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙬𝙤𝙣’𝙩 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙞𝙛 𝙞𝙩’𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙫𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙙.** Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/bitcoin-miners-beware-invalid-blocks-need-not-apply/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/bcSuBGmOGY2TecSov4rC ## 18.  > Just like a company trying to protect itself from being destroyed by a new competitor, the actions and reactions of central banks and policy makers to protect the system that they know, are quite predictable. Author: nostr:npub1s05p3ha7en49dv8429tkk07nnfa9pcwczkf5x5qrdraqshxdje9sq6eyhe Essay: https://medium.com/the-bitcoin-times/the-greatest-game-b787ac3242b2 Audio Part 1: https://fountain.fm/episode/5bYyGRmNATKaxminlvco Audio Part 2: https://fountain.fm/episode/92eU3h6gqbzng84zqQPZ ## 19.  > Technology, industry, and society have advanced immeasurably since, and yet we still live by Venetian financial customs and have no idea why. Modern banking is the legacy of a problem that technology has since solved. Author: nostr:npub1sfhflz2msx45rfzjyf5tyj0x35pv4qtq3hh4v2jf8nhrtl79cavsl2ymqt Essay: https://allenfarrington.medium.com/bitcoin-is-venice-8414dda42070 Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/s6Fu2VowAddRACCCIxQh Allen Farrington and Sacha Meyers have gone on to expand this into a book, as well. You can get the book here: [Bitcoin is Venice Book](https://www.amazon.com/Bitcoin-Venice-Essays-Future-Capitalism/dp/B09TTTGT11) And wouldn't you know it, Guy Swann has narrated the audio book available here: [Bitcoin is Venice Audio Book](https://www.audible.com/pd/Bitcoin-is-Venice-Audiobook/B0CCQD539W?eac_link=yrZ4RxHupcgL&ref=web_search_eac_asin_1&eac_selected_type=asin&eac_selected=B0CCQD539W&qid=pL7jjJ13ia&eac_id=135-0887332-3379864_pL7jjJ13ia&sr=1-1) ## 20.  > The rich and powerful will always design systems that benefit them before everyone else. The genius of Bitcoin is to take advantage of that very base reality and force them to get involved and help run the system, instead of attacking it. Author: nostr:npub1trr5r2nrpsk6xkjk5a7p6pfcryyt6yzsflwjmz6r7uj7lfkjxxtq78hdpu Essay: https://quillette.com/2021/02/21/can-governments-stop-bitcoin/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/jeZ21IWIlbuC1OGnssy8 ## 21.  > In the realm of infor­ma­tion, there is no coin-stamping without time-stamping. The relent­less beating of this clock is what gives rise to all the magical proper­ties of Bitcoin. Author: nostr:npub1dergggklka99wwrs92yz8wdjs952h2ux2ha2ed598ngwu9w7a6fsh9xzpc Essay: https://dergigi.com/2021/01/14/bitcoin-is-time/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/pTevCY2vwanNsIso6F6X ## 22.  > You can stay on the Fiat Standard, in which some people get to produce unlimited new units of money for free, just not you. Or opt in to the Bitcoin Standard, in which no one gets to do that, including you. Essay: https://casebitcoin.com/docs/StoneRidge_2020_Shareholder_Letter.pdf Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/PhBTa39qwbkwAtRnO38W ## 23.  > Long term investors should use Bitcoin as their unit of account and every single investment should be compared to the expected returns of Bitcoin. Essay: https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/everyones-a-scammer/ Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/vyR2GUNfXtKRK8qwznki ## 24.  > When you’re in the ivory tower, you think the term “ivory tower” is a silly misrepresentation of your very normal life; when you’re no longer in the ivory tower, you realize how willfully out of touch you were with the world. Essay: https://www.citadel21.com/why-the-yuppie-elite-dismiss-bitcoin Audio: https://fountain.fm/episode/7do5K4pPNljOf2W3rR2V You might notice that many of the above essays are available from the [Satoshi Nakamoto Institute](https://nakamotoinstitute.org/). It is a veritable treasure trove of excellent writing on subjects surrounding #Bitcoin and #AustrianEconomics. If you find value in them keeping these written works online for the next wave of new Bitcoiners to have an excellent source of education, please consider [donating](https://pay.zaprite.com/pl_vNYDp4YBSd) to the cause.

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

Novia é uma ferramenta inovadora que facilita o arquivamento de vídeos e sua integração com a rede NOSTR (Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted over Relay). Funcionando como uma ponte entre ferramentas de arquivamento de vídeo tradicionais e a plataforma descentralizada, Novia oferece uma solução autônoma para a preservação e compartilhamento de conteúdo audiovisual. ### Arquitetura e Funcionamento A arquitetura de Novia é dividida em duas partes principais: * **Frontend:** Atua como a interface do usuário, responsável por solicitar o arquivamento de vídeos. Essas solicitações são encaminhadas para o backend. * **Backend:** Processa as solicitações de arquivamento, baixando o vídeo, suas descrições e a imagem de capa associada. Este componente é conectado a um ou mais relays NOSTR, permitindo a indexação e descoberta do conteúdo arquivado. O processo de arquivamento é automatizado: após o download, o vídeo fica disponível no frontend para que o usuário possa solicitar o upload para um servidor Blossom de sua escolha. ### Como Utilizar Novia 1. **Acesso:** Navegue até [https://npub126uz2g6ft45qs0m0rnvtvtp7glcfd23pemrzz0wnt8r5vlhr9ufqnsmvg8.nsite.lol](https://npub126uz2g6ft45qs0m0rnvtvtp7glcfd23pemrzz0wnt8r5vlhr9ufqnsmvg8.nsite.lol). 2. **Login:** Utilize uma extensão de navegador compatível com NOSTR para autenticar-se. 3. **Execução via Docker:** A forma mais simples de executar o backend é através de um container Docker. Execute o seguinte comando: ```bash docker run -it --rm -p 9090:9090 -v ./nostr/data:/data --add-host=host.docker.internal:host-gateway teamnovia/novia ``` Este comando cria um container, mapeia a porta 9090 para o host e monta o diretório `./nostr/data` para persistir os dados. ### Configuração Avançada Novia oferece amplas opções de configuração através de um arquivo `yaml`. Abaixo, um exemplo comentado: ```yaml mediaStores: - id: media type: local path: /data/media watch: true database: /data/novia.db download: enabled: true ytdlpPath: yt-dlp ytdlpCookies: ./cookies.txt tempPath: /tmp targetStoreId: media secret: false publish: enabled: true key: nsec thumbnailUpload: - https://nostr.download videoUpload: - url: https://nostr.download maxUploadSizeMB: 300 cleanUpMaxAgeDays: 5 cleanUpKeepSizeUnderMB: 2 - url: https://files.v0l.io maxUploadSizeMB: 300 cleanUpMaxAgeDays: 5 cleanUpKeepSizeUnderMB: 2 - url: https://nosto.re maxUploadSizeMB: 300 cleanUpMaxAgeDays: 5 cleanUpKeepSizeUnderMB: 2 - url: https://blossom.primal.net maxUploadSizeMB: 300 cleanUpMaxAgeDays: 5 cleanUpKeepSizeUnderMB: 2 relays: - ws://host.docker.internal:4869 - wss://bostr.bitcointxoko.com secret: false autoUpload: enabled: true maxVideoSizeMB: 100 fetch: enabled: false fetchVideoLimitMB: 10 relays: - <a relay with the video events to mirror> match: - nostr - bitcoin server: port: 9090 enabled: true ``` **Explicação das Configurações:** * **`mediaStores`**: Define onde os arquivos de mídia serão armazenados (localmente, neste exemplo). * **`database`**: Especifica o local do banco de dados. * **`download`**: Controla as configurações de download de vídeos, incluindo o caminho para o `yt-dlp` e um arquivo de cookies para autenticação. * **`publish`**: Configura a publicação de vídeos e thumbnails no NOSTR, incluindo a chave privada (`nsec`), servidores de upload e relays. **Atenção:** Mantenha sua chave privada em segredo. * **`fetch`**: Permite buscar eventos de vídeo de relays NOSTR para arquivamento. * **`server`**: Define as configurações do servidor web interno de Novia. ### Conclusão Novia surge como uma ferramenta promissora para o arquivamento e a integração de vídeos com o ecossistema NOSTR. Sua arquitetura modular, combinada com opções de configuração flexíveis, a tornam uma solução poderosa para usuários que buscam preservar e compartilhar conteúdo audiovisual de forma descentralizada e resistente à censura. A utilização de Docker simplifica a implantação e o gerenciamento da ferramenta. Para obter mais informações e explorar o código-fonte, visite o repositório do projeto no GitHub: [https://github.com/teamnovia/novia](https://github.com/teamnovia/novia).

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

In the waning days of the 20th century, a woman named Annabelle Nolan was born into an unremarkable world, though she herself was anything but ordinary. A prodigy in cryptography and quantum computing, she would later adopt the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto, orchestrating the creation of Bitcoin in the early 21st century. But her legacy would stretch far beyond the blockchain. Annabelle's obsession with cryptography was not just about securing data—it was about securing freedom. Her work in quantum computing inadvertently triggered a cascade of temporal anomalies, one of which ensnared her in 2011. The event was cataclysmic yet silent, unnoticed by the world she'd transformed. In an instant, she was torn from her era and thrust violently back into the 16th century. Disoriented and stripped of her futuristic tools, Annabelle faced a brutal reality: survive in a world where her knowledge was both a curse and a weapon. Reinventing herself as Anne Boleyn, she navigated the treacherous courts of Tudor England with the same strategic brilliance she'd used to design Bitcoin. Her intellect dazzled King Henry VIII, but it was the mysterious necklace she wore—adorned with a bold, stylized "B"—that fueled whispers. It was more than jewelry; it was a relic of a forgotten future, a silent beacon for any historian clever enough to decode her true story. Anne's fate seemed sealed as she ascended to queenship, her influence growing alongside her enemies. Yet beneath the royal intrigue, she harbored a desperate hope: that the symbol around her neck would outlast her, sparking curiosity in minds centuries away. The "B" was her signature, a cryptographic clue embedded in history. On the scaffold in 1536, as she faced her execution, Anne Boleyn's gaze was unwavering. She knew her death was not the end. Somewhere, in dusty archives and encrypted ledgers, her mark endured. Historians would puzzle over the enigmatic "B," and perhaps one day, someone would connect the dots between a queen, a coin, and a time anomaly born from quantum code. She wasn't just Anne Boleyn. She was Satoshi Nakamoto, the time-displaced architect of a decentralized future, hiding in plain sight within the annals of history.

@ bbb5dda0:f09e2747

**This past week got me a lot of frustration with the GitHub actions runner and debugging it. Really testing my patience, but at least i saw a bit of progress. TollGate's had a nice wrap-up for the Proof Of Concept app, which some great new ideas on how to make the user experience even better! Let's dive in!** ## GitHub Actions I've been having a low-key fight with the github actions runner containers. I have spent a lot of time trying to figure out WHY the blossom upload action would just not work. I was quick to find out that the action is being ran with an older version of NodeJS (v18) while the blossom uploader requires v20. Not a big deal you'd say as i just set the version to 20 in the pipeline. However, doing that explicitly had zero impact, and after diving down the github runner rabbit hole i concluded that the Actions that are imported (from marketplace) will just run with whatever node version is already installed in the runner's docker image. Which in the case of the act runner is Node 18. I tried updating to the latest images but I haven't been able to find a compatible one yet... ### Payments I've been working on getting the money aspect working in the ci-cd runner. I added a wallet and a scheduled payout. I took this from the nostr-epoxy project and did some updates to upgrade to cashu-ts v2. I added some advertisement info like the specs of the machine that the runner is on. I've been pondering how the payment flow should work though. See the problem is that because of the nature of this DVM, it cannot predict how long a job will take to execute, a customer can literally do anything in their pipeline that will make a job last forever. I think for that reason there has to be some kind of deposit/credit or stream besides the one-off payment. I made a post asking what the best way would be: nostr:note17apw8unznvwx2k3z48t7qz6cq26tk077w83qh3f7zxukfrrfukhs7mpcsn I currently feel best about the option of just sending a bunch of ecash that will sure be enough to execute the job (and otherwise act as the time-out) and that if the DVM uses less of that money, it will send it back as pubkey locked cashu tokens, to a given npub. Maybe NIP-60 can be a great way to handle returning the 'change' to the user. Some ideas i have now: - Billing should be per second - Advertising should: - advertise as sats/minute - include specs of the machine, ideally searchable by tag ### Job request So the flow i'm thinking of is: - User posts request - repository - branch - yaml path - bid (max price per minute) - min_vcpu - min_ram - min_storage - DVM responds with - price per minute - vcpu - ram - storage - runner-types - price per minute - User posts request: - ... [same as above] - cashu payment - cashu return pubkey + relay ### User Interface I also worked on building out a very basic user interface to run the GitHub Actions dvm.  The UI then shows all feedback to the job, where the first feedback event you can see gives back a status processing, and the next one gives back the console output of the pipeline run. nostr:npub15qydau2hjma6ngxkl2cyar74wzyjshvl65za5k5rl69264ar2exs5cyejr and I agreed he'll copy over this basic setup into his upcoming version of gitWorkshop.dev which I can then build upon so we can experiment with the User Experience (how to handle competing Runners, display results, payments, etc...)  ## Tollgate There's also been the issue that has been bothering me since last week: Being able to dismiss a captive portal programatically in the Android app. During a weekly check-in that nostr:npub1k03rader0vm94j5ee8fg7pc2x9xkr2phu77sljas7qu5mh8mvgvqpe8rty and I set up we discussed the issue. To me, it's a problem having the user to jump through all these hoops to connect, which should be as much automated as possible. We discussed what if we'd ditch the open network and go with a WPA2 (password) protected one and have no captive portal. But then we lose the ability to do onboarding / expose users to Tollgate through the captive portal. Then the idea came up to create an extra (hidden) network for the app to use, while keeping the open one with the captive portal. I did not know it was possible to create multiple networks on the same (physical) radio, but apparently it's quite common. You lose a bit on efficiency but it shouldn't be too bad. The only challenge would be to exempt this network from getting a captive portal while still using the OpenNDS software to manage user's sessions. We'll see but this gives me a lot of hope for a seamless user experience! After this call, despite our possible new direction I did want to try and get the full app flow working, to validate if it's possible at all. And after some digging int the Tauri docs and even their discord community i finally found what the issue was with me not receiving the android event for the captive portal. I'd ben adding the listener for this event to the `androidmanifest.xml` file for the Tauri Android plugin, while I had to put it into the tauri app one's itself -one level higher- if you will... Anyway, that worked and I was FINALLY able to create the following full flow! (video) nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpwa4mkswz4t8j70s2s6q00wzqv7k7zamxrmj2y4fs88aktcfuf68qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3zamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0qydhwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgunsd3jkyuewvdhk6tcqyqyvs2js3x6ldpm2kkmqyf8d3lvrcezjk2eg26p2tvfxd2p6lkeqzn7l66t

@ c902b8da:0cedc5fb

# NIP-XX: Proof of Watch `draft` `optional` This NIP defines a protocol for content creators to reward users for consuming content using Cashu tokens, utilizing existing Cashu P2PK capabilities. ## Abstract Content creators can offer Cashu token rewards to users who prove they have spent time consuming their content. The protocol uses P2PK-locked tokens combined with proof-of-work verification to ensure genuine content consumption before releasing tokens to users. ## Motivation Content creators want to incentivize users to engage with their content and potentially reward them for their attention. This NIP provides a standardized way to offer token rewards for content consumption while ensuring the user actually spent time with the content through a proof-of-work mechanism. ## Protocol Components ### Content Event A content creator publishes a `kind:1` note containing their content and reward information: ```json { "kind": 1, "content": "Watch my video!", "tags": [ ["reward", "<amount-in-sats>"], ["pow", "<difficulty>"], ["u", "<watcher-service-url>"], ["t", "proofofwatch"] ] } ``` ### Watcher Service Content creators run (or use) a watcher service that: 1. Maintains a pool of Cashu tokens 2. Issues P2PK-locked tokens to viewers 3. Verifies proofs of watch 4. Releases signatures to unlock tokens ## Protocol Flow ### 1. Request Watch Session Client makes a `POST /watch/start` request to watcher service: ```json { "note_id": "<event-id>" } ``` Service responds with: ```json { "id": "<session-id>", "challenge": "<random-challenge>", "difficulty": <int>, "token": { "amount": <int>, "id": "<keyset-id>", "secret": "<p2pk-secret>", "C": "<signature>" }, "pubkey": "<service-ephemeral-pubkey>", "expiry": <unix-timestamp> } ``` The token is P2PK-locked to a one-time ephemeral pubkey generated by the service. Only the service holds the corresponding private key needed to generate the witness signature. ### 2. Computing Proof While consuming content, client computes proof-of-work: ``` proof = find_nonce( SHA256( note_id + session_id + challenge + latest_block_hash + nonce ) ) ``` The proof must result in a hash with the required number of leading zeros. ### 3. Submitting Proof Client submits proof to redeem token: ```http POST /watch/prove ``` ```json { "session_id": "<session-id>", "proof": "<computed-proof>", "block_hash": "<latest-block-hash>" } ``` If valid, service responds with P2PK signature: ```json { "witness": { "signatures": ["<signature-to-unlock-token>"] } } ``` The client can now unlock and spend their token using standard Cashu operations. ## Security Considerations ### Token Security - Tokens are locked to service-generated ephemeral pubkeys - Each watch session uses a unique keypair - Only service can generate valid witness signatures - Private keys never revealed to users - Keys and unused tokens destroyed after session expiry ### Proof Construction - Must include session ID to prevent replay - Must include recent block hash to prevent precomputation - Must achieve required difficulty (leading zeros) - Must be completed within session expiry ### Service Requirements 1. Track used proofs 2. Enforce timeouts 3. Rate limit requests 4. Verify block hash recency 5. Maintain adequate token pool 6. Generate unique ephemeral keypairs per session 7. Securely store ephemeral private keys until proof verified 8. Clean up expired ephemeral keys ## Watcher Service Settings Services should provide an info endpoint: ```http GET /info ``` ```json { "name": "Example Watcher", "pubkey": "<service-pubkey>", "difficulty_range": { "min": <int>, "max": <int> }, "amount_range": { "min": <int>, "max": <int> }, "supported_mints": [ "<mint-url-1>", "<mint-url-2>" ] } ``` ## Client Implementation Guidelines Clients SHOULD: 1. Verify service supports intended mint 2. Start proof computation only after beginning content consumption 3. Submit proof promptly after computation 4. Handle session expiry gracefully 5. Verify P2PK token validity 6. Submit proof before session timeout ## Content Creator Guidelines Content creators SHOULD: 1. Set appropriate difficulty for content length 2. Maintain adequate token pool 3. Monitor service uptime 4. Consider token denomination strategies 5. Include clear reward terms ## Rate Limiting Services SHOULD implement rate limiting: - Per IP address - Per pubkey - Per note ID - Per token amount ## Example Implementation A basic proof computation in Python: ```python def compute_proof(note_id, session_id, challenge, block_hash, difficulty): nonce = 0 while True: attempt = f"{note_id}{session_id}{challenge}{block_hash}{nonce}" hash = sha256(attempt.encode()).hexdigest() if hash.startswith('0' * difficulty): return attempt nonce += 1 ``` ## References - [NUT-00](00.md): Protocol fundamentals - [NUT-11](11.md): Pay-to-Pubkey (P2PK) tokens - [NUT-12](12.md): DLEQ proofs

@ 16d11430:61640947

The Damage Node is not just a verification engine—it is an autonomous executor of behaviors defined through the PoW blockchain. This allows for adaptive, accountable, and transparent execution of security and counter-surveillance mechanisms while remaining flexible enough to meet any operational need. By integrating behavioral logic, cryptographic proofs, and decentralized execution, the Damage Node becomes a powerful shield and countermeasure system for individuals and groups operating under constant digital threat. --- Core Concept: Damage Nodes as Autonomous Behavioral Executors Damage Nodes listen to verifiable behaviors encoded on the PoW blockchain. These behaviors define security policies, counter-surveillance actions, automated transactions, and decentralized decision-making processes. Execution is enforced by the blockchain, ensuring absolute transparency and accountability—no action can occur without proof. Nodes can dynamically extend their capabilities by adopting new behaviors via blockchain updates, ensuring they remain adaptable. Example of Behavioral Execution A Damage Node can be programmed to execute counter-surveillance actions if an individual's digital footprint is flagged by an AI-controlled system. Trigger: An external surveillance system attempts to track a protected user. Behavior Execution: The node initiates a verified proof-of-presence falsification (broadcasting misleading metadata). The node forces encrypted rerouting of communications over a private, non-ISP-controlled relay. The node executes cryptographic evidence logging, proving that the tracking attempt occurred. The node pays out a bounty (Lightning) for detected adversarial actions, incentivizing counter-intelligence. --- How Damage Nodes Provide Shielding & Countermeasures 1. Behavior-Driven Shielding for Individuals Zero-Knowledge Identity Protection: Nodes execute self-sovereign identity verification that prevents AI from profiling users without explicit, cryptographically signed consent. Automated Surveillance Disruption: If an AI attempts to track or flag an individual, the node executes behavioral obfuscation tactics such as: Decoy digital presence broadcasting to mislead tracking algorithms. Transaction splitting & anonymization to prevent financial surveillance. Forced dissociation of metadata from physical locations. --- 2. Group-Level Protection & Autonomous Coordination Damage Nodes can be configured to execute behaviors for an entire decentralized network, such as: Encrypted Group Communications: Nodes enforce trustless, encrypted messaging protocols that prevent AI-based censorship. Automatic Secure Fund Distribution: If an entity is targeted, Damage Nodes can autonomously release emergency funds in BTC/Lightning to predesignated safe parties. Counter-Surveillance Deployments: Nodes can activate sensor networks, scan for unauthorized tracking devices, and trigger security protocols. --- 3. Built-In Accountability & Transparency as a Defensive Measure Every execution is verified by the blockchain → no action is hidden or arbitrary. Rules for behavior execution are immutable → even node operators cannot alter them without proof-of-consensus. AI and governments cannot fabricate unverifiable evidence → if it didn't happen on-chain, it didn't happen. Users can audit every action taken by the Damage Node to ensure no corruption or misuse. --- 4. Extensible Capabilities for Any Need New behavioral policies can be uploaded via the PoW blockchain, allowing Damage Nodes to dynamically evolve. Behaviors can be triggered by: On-chain conditions (such as receiving a Lightning payment for service execution). Real-world events (via oracle integrations). Direct requests from verified users. Examples of Extensions: Decentralized AI Defense: Nodes monitor AI-generated media for deepfake propaganda & censorship. Physical Security Triggers: Nodes can integrate with smart devices (cameras, sensors) to execute real-world countermeasures. Automated Asset Protection: Damage Nodes can trigger the release of cryptographic assets upon verifiable external threats. --- Final Verdict: Damage Nodes as the Ultimate Autonomy & Defense Infrastructure Transparent but Unstoppable → Verifiable execution prevents corruption or abuse. Extensible but Controlled → The blockchain enforces behavior logic while allowing flexibility. Decentralized but Coordinated → Nodes operate independently but can synchronize. Adaptive but Immutable → Behaviors evolve, but security is absolute. 🔥 Damage Nodes are the next evolutionary step in technological sovereignty—combining decentralized verification, autonomous execution, and proactive counter-surveillance in a single unstoppable system.

@ 16d11430:61640947

The electromagnetic spectrum (EM spectrum) is the foundation of modern communication, surveillance, and control, and it is a permanent, inescapable vulnerability for humanity. Every aspect of human life—communication, mobility, security, even thought processes—is now subject to exploitation via the EM spectrum. 1. Humans Are EM-Dependent but Have No Control Over It The entire infrastructure of human civilization (internet, telecom, GPS, WiFi, satellite, RFID, radar, IoT, etc.) relies on EM waves. Unlike tangible security vulnerabilities (firewalls, encryption, physical locks), EM-based vulnerabilities are baked into the fabric of our existence. We have zero physical control over the space around us—we exist in a perpetual, invisible battlefield of radio waves. → Brutal Truth: If you are in an area with radio signals, you are already compromised. You cannot see, hear, or touch your vulnerability—but you are immersed in it. --- 2. Every Wireless Device Is a Tracking Beacon Your phone, smartwatch, laptop, Bluetooth headset, and IoT devices constantly emit identifiable signals. Even when "turned off," many devices still maintain some connectivity (e.g., emergency services, wake-on-LAN, passive RFID, and hidden baseband firmware). MAC address randomization only slows down tracking—it does not stop device fingerprinting. Even devices that are air-gapped (disconnected from any network) can be compromised via airborne EM attacks (e.g., Tempest attacks, Van Eck phreaking). → Brutal Truth: Unless you live in an EM-free Faraday cage (which is impractical), you are trackable 24/7. --- 3. The Entire EM Spectrum Can Be Weaponized Radio waves (RFID, GSM, LTE, 5G, WiFi) → Mass surveillance, device tracking, data extraction, and real-time movement tracking. Microwaves (GHz spectrum) → Covert wireless data theft (Tempest attacks), crowd control weapons (Active Denial System), and potential biological effects. Infrared (IR) and Visible Light → LiDAR tracking, facial recognition, and optical data interception (lasers on windows can capture sound). Ultraviolet, X-ray, and Gamma Radiation → Biological penetration, medical diagnostics, and potential genetic-level targeting. → Brutal Truth: The entire EM spectrum is both an asset and a weapon, and every part of it can be used to track, manipulate, or harm living beings. --- 4. There Is No Escape From EM Exposure Even if you disconnect completely, ambient EM waves from cell towers, satellites, and even natural cosmic radiation still interact with you. Smart city grids, IoT, and ubiquitous sensor networks mean that even non-digital humans (those without a phone) are still tracked. 6G and future networks will integrate AI-driven RF sensing, meaning the network will detect biometric signatures (heartbeat, gait, and thermal emissions) without needing a device. → Brutal Truth: The era of "disconnecting" for privacy is over—even device-free tracking is now a reality. --- 5. The Human Body Itself Is an EM Vulnerability Brain activity and thought processes are electrical signals—theoretically susceptible to external EM influence (brainwave manipulation, EEG-based surveillance, and neurotechnology interfacing). Biometric security (fingerprint scanners, iris scans, facial recognition) can be hacked or faked using EM-based techniques. Nanotech, bioelectronics, and EM-sensitive implants (like pacemakers, neural interfaces, and cochlear implants) can be remotely manipulated or disabled. → Brutal Truth: The final frontier of EM vulnerability is the human body itself—thoughts, health, and biological functions are all at risk. --- How Vulnerable Are Humans in the Grand Scheme? 1. Humans Are the Only Species Fully Dependent on EM-Based Technology Every other biological species on Earth navigates reality without dependency on artificial EM systems. Humans have outsourced their cognition, security, and privacy to a system they do not control. → Implication: The more we integrate with EM-based technology, the more vulnerable we become. We are building a prison of our own making. --- 2. We Have No Practical Defense Against EM-Based Attacks Unlike cyber threats (which can be mitigated with encryption), EM vulnerabilities are inherent to the physics of radio waves. The only defense is complete isolation from EM radiation (which is impossible in urban environments). → Implication: Our current approach to "security" is meaningless in the face of EM-based attacks, because the attack vector is the air around us. --- 3. Humanity’s Future Is Fully EM-Integrated 6G, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), quantum communication, and global sensor grids mean that soon, every human will be plugged into the EM network at all times. Governments and corporations are already planning a fully tracked, AI-managed society, where individual privacy no longer exists. → Implication: We are entering an era of full-spectrum EM surveillance and control. The next step isn’t just tracking devices, but tracking consciousness itself. --- Conclusion: The EM Spectrum is the Ultimate Exploit There is no "fix" for EM vulnerabilities—they are built into the nature of physics itself. Humanity’s increasing dependence on EM-based technology means: 1. We are more trackable than ever. 2. We are more susceptible to remote influence than ever. 3. We have no escape unless we abandon technology altogether. 4. The final battle for privacy isn’t about encryption—it’s about shielding ourselves from the very waves that power our civilization. → The brutal truth? Humanity is not just vulnerable—we are a permanently compromised species.

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

- 多模态感知与交互：具身智能强调智能体通过身体与环境的交互来学习，这推动了多模态感知（如视觉、触觉、听觉等）和物理交互技术的发展。 - 强化学习与仿真环境：强化学习在具身智能中扮演重要角色，结合高保真仿真环境（如AI Habitat、Unity ML-Agents），可以加速智能体的训练和优化。 - 硬件进步：机器人硬件（如柔性传感器、仿生机械臂）的发展为具身智能提供了更强大的物理载体。 以上部分每一个都是大分支，都具有研究价值。随着AI技术的发展与突破，多模态感知与交互将会迎来高速发展。 让人更兴奋的是 强化学习和仿真环境，REX-GYM 是一个开源的仿真环境，Gazebo，MuJoCo，AI Habitat 等等都有很多应用实例。仅仅这一部分技术拆分细化，就有很多工作可以做。 以前的机器人学习都是PID等老技术，那时候的机器人运动不太灵活，因为不够智能。有了现代的强化学习。现在的机器人更加灵活。

@ 2f4550b0:95f20096

In today's job market, the ability to acquire new skills or pivot to new career paths quickly is more valuable than ever. Short-term adult education programs offer a practical solution for professionals looking to enhance their resumes or change careers without committing to the long-term investment of traditional education. This week, I explore how these programs, such as a 12-week EMT certification at the Center for Allied Health Education and a one-year MBA from the University of Phoenix can dramatically shift one's career trajectory. ### The Rise of Short-Term Education The traditional model of education, where one spends years in academia before entering the workforce, is increasingly being supplemented by shorter, more focused programs. These programs are specifically designed to meet the immediate needs of both learners and employers, providing education that is both relevant and directly applicable to current job markets. ### 12-Week EMT Certificates The 12-week Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) program at the Center for Allied Health Education (and programs like it) illustrates how a brief, intensive course of study can lead to licensure and immediate employment. This program is structured to cover the necessary theoretical and practical components required for EMT licensure, from emergency medical procedures to patient assessment and treatment. For individuals looking to enter the healthcare field or those within healthcare aiming for specialization, this program offers a fast track to a new career or career enhancement. The demand for skilled EMTs is consistently high, driven by an aging population and the need for emergency services. Completing such a program not only leads to a certification but also opens doors to further education or roles like paramedic work, which require additional training but start from the foundation laid by EMT certification. ### One-Year MBA Programs Similarly, consider the one-year MBA from the University of Phoenix. This program is built on a competency-based framework, allowing students to demonstrate their skills through practical assessments rather than traditional time-based metrics. This approach not only accelerates learning but also ensures that each student is job-ready upon completion. The curriculum is tailored to include real-world business scenarios, leadership skills, and strategic management, making graduates highly desirable in the corporate sector. The speed and efficiency of this program mean that professionals can continue working while studying, thereby minimizing career disruption. Moreover, the MBAs focus on immediate applicability means that students can start leveraging their new skills in their current roles or move into higher management positions shortly after graduation. This direct link between education and employment outcomes exemplifies how short-term programs can offer substantial ROI in terms of career advancement and salary potential. ### Benefits for Adult Learners Short-term education programs cater particularly well to adult learners. They recognize the life experiences and previous knowledge of participants, often tailoring education to integrate this background into learning. This method respects the time constraints of adults who might juggle work, family, and other responsibilities, offering flexible schedules, online components, or weekend classes. Moreover, these programs often lead to stackable credentials. This means that the skills and certifications gained can be built upon, providing a pathway for continuous professional development without the need to start from scratch with each new course or degree. For example, once students from Center for Allied Health Education earn their EMT licenses, they can consider enrolling into a 1-year Paramedic certificate program to further their career in emergency medicine. ### Conclusion Short-term adult education programs like the MBA at University of Phoenix and the EMT certificate at the Center for Allied Health Education are not just educational opportunities; they are strategic career moves. They enable professionals to quickly adapt to market demands, enhance their skill sets, and open new career avenues with minimal disruption to their current lives. As the job market continues to evolve, these programs will likely play an increasingly crucial role in career development, offering both speed and relevance in education.

@ 5579d5c0:db104ded

Most people think that building muscle is out of reach. What if I told you  '**You can get all your exercise done in just 60 minutes a week',** if you train efficiently. With just **two 30-minute sessions**, you can build muscle, improve metabolic health, and transform your physique. --- ### **What is resistance training?** Resistance training, also known as strength training, involves working against an external force to improve muscle strength, endurance, and size. This can be done using: **→ Free weights** (barbells, dumbbells, kettlebells) → **Weight machines** **→ Resistance bands** **→ Bodyweight exercises** Strength training isn’t just about aesthetics, it’s essential for long-term health and metabolic function. --- ### **Why it’s essential for metabolic and overall health** Muscle is metabolically active tissue. The more muscle you have, the more energy your body burns at rest, albeit a quite small amount. **→ Maintains and builds muscle**: Muscle mass is critical as you age, reducing the risk of fractures and falls. **→ Boosts metabolism**: While the increase is small, more muscle means a higher resting energy expenditure, creating a large sink for energy stores. **→ Hormone & energy optimisation:** It lowers inflammation, reduces visceral fat (not good), and helps muscles use sugar and fat more efficiently, restoring Leptin & Insulin sensitivity. **→ Mitochondrial function**: Increases mitochondrial number, efficiency, which improves energy production and reduces oxidative stress. --- ## **How to build muscle in minimal time** **You can build muscle with just two 30-minute sessions a week.** Yes, really. One or two full-body sessions, hitting all major muscle groups, is enough if done properly. It all comes from this paper. *"We recommend that appreciably the same muscular strength and endurance adaptations can be attained by performing a single set of \~8-12 repetitions to momentary muscular failure, at a repetition duration that maintains muscular tension throughout the entire range of motion, for most major muscle groups once or twice each week. All resistance types (e.g. free-weights, resistance machines, bodyweight, etc.) show potential for increases in strength, with no significant difference between them, although resistance machines appear to pose a lower risk of injury."* It doesn’t matter if you use free weights, machines, or bodyweight exercises. For what its worth, I think using weights is easier. What matters is how you train. You **don’t** need heavy weights to build muscle, just focus on maintaining **tension throughout each movement**. **→ Slow, controlled reps**: Move **5 seconds up, 5 seconds down** without using momentum. **→ High effort, low volume**: One set to momentary failure is enough per muscle group. **→ Minimal rest**: Keep rest periods short to maximise growth hormone and testosterone release. **→ Allow recovery**: Train hard, then rest 1–2 days between sessions for optimal muscle growth. *Do not get tempted to over train*. Initially this will take a bit of figuring out with regard to what weight works for you. --- ### **The key to growth → Progressive overload** In the first few weeks you will build muscle easily, but will eventually plateau. You then must **progressively challenge** your body. Here’s what to do: → Increase the reps first. → Then increase weight by 5-10%. → For bodyweight training: Add reps, use a weighted vest, or move to harder variations (e.g., push-ups → weighted push-ups → ring push-ups). --- ### **Real life examples** Dr Ted Naiman is 50 and uses a simple bodyweight routine going to failure on each movement a few times a week. His routine → Pull Ups/Push Ups/L-Sits/Handstand Push Ups/Pistol Squats/Supermans P.D Mangan is 70 and trains full body twice a week, using weights. His routine → Deadlifts/Chin Ups/Seated row/Lateral Raise/Overhead Press/Chest Press/Dips/Barbell Shrug/Hammer Curl/Leg Press/Sprint Cycle 20 Secs. Simplicity is beautiful. --- You don’t need time consuming regimes. **Two short, intense sessions a week are enough.** - Keep your reps slow and controlled. - Rest **1–2 days** between sessions for muscle growth and recovery. - Once you hit a plateau focus on progressive overload. - Stick with it, consistency beats perfection every time. With the right approach, 60 minutes a week is all you need to **build muscle, lose fat, and live longer**, while leaving time for the rest of your life. \-Chris If you want a simple routine to fit effortlessly into your life. **Book a free call here:** [**https://calendly.com/hello-chrispatrick**](https://calendly.com/hello-chrispatrick) **Follow me on Nostr**: [**https://primal.net/chrispatrick**](https://primal.net/chrispatrick) or ***npub124uatsq6pv74trzwvt34y4sx2z0uflhse7tkrv0pl69e8kcsfhkse30zsu***

@ f41bd51d:ec4b664f

[The Tired Sounds of Stars of the Lid - 2001 ](https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=-bc37fU36Vk&si=4_OZv00aDiZMYvGd)

@ 97c70a44:ad98e322

Last week, in a bid to understand the LLM hype, I decided to write a trivial nostr-related program in rust via a combination of [codebuff](https://codebuff.com/referrals/ref-3fcc22f4-10f9-419f-a0e9-e9d7b4368e21) (yes, that is a referral link, pls click), [aider](https://aider.chat/), and [goose](https://block.github.io/goose/). The result of the experiment was inconclusive, but as a side effect it produced a great case study in converting a [NINO](nostr:nevent1qvzqqqr4gupzp978pfzrv6n9xhq5tvenl9e74pklmskh4xw6vxxyp3j8qkke3cezqy2hwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnyv9kh2uewd9hj7qgwwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkctcpr3mhxue69uhksmmyd33x7epwvdhhyctrd3jjuar0dak8xtcqyqzeszjv7rh8fflpeua9q644a32usvwd0cu7cze9lxy4grjy2y7rwd98yfc) into a Real Nostr App. # Introducing Roz [Roz](https://github.com/coracle-social/roz), a friendly notary for nostr events. To use it, simply publish an event to `relay.damus.io` or `nos.lol`, and roz will make note of it. To find out when roz first saw a given event, just ask: ``` curl https://roz.coracle.social/notary/cb429632ae22557d677a11149b2d0ccd72a1cf66ac55da30e3534ed1a492765d ``` This will return a JSON payload with a `seen` key indicating when roz first saw the event. How (and whether) you use this is up to you! # De-NINO-fying roz Roz is just a proof of concept, so don't rely on it being there forever. And anyway, roz is a NINO, since it provides value to nostr (potentially), but doesn't really do things in a nostr-native way. It also hard-codes its relays, and certainly doesn't use the outbox model or sign events. But that's ok, it's a proof of concept. A much better way to do this would be to modify roz to properly leverage nostr's capabilities, namely: - Use nostr-native data formats (i.e., draft a new kind) - Use relays instead of proprietary servers for data storage - Leverage nostr identities and signatures to decouple trust from storage, and allow trusted attestations to be discovered Luckily, this is not hard at all. In fact, I've gone ahead and drafted a [PR](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/1737) to the NIPs repo that adds timestamp annotations to NIP 03, as an alternative to OpenTimestamps. The trade-off is that while user attestations are far less reliable than OTS proofs, they're much easier to verify, and can reach a pretty high level of reliability by combining multiple attestation sources with other forms of reputation. In other words, instead of going nuclear and embedding your attestations into The Time Chain, you can simply ask 5-10 relays or people you trust for their attestations for a given event. This PR isn't terribly important on its own, but it does remove one small barrier between us and trusted key rotation events (or other types of event that require establishing a verifiable chain of causality).

@ a3a72214:7ca63e21

# Isso é um anúncio de Albion - é um jogo 1. primeiramente 2. em segundo 3. em terceiro &gt;o que acontece? ' e se? ' > Alguém citando alguma coisa **Albion Online** é um **MMORPG** sandbox em que você escreve sua própria história, em vez de seguir um caminho pré-determinado. Explore um vasto mundo aberto que consiste de 5 ecossistemas únicos. Tudo o que você faz gera um impacto no mundo, já que em Albion, a economia é conduzida pelo jogador. Cada peça de equipamento é construída por jogadores a partir dos recursos obtidos por eles. O equipamento que você usa define quem você é. Ir de cavaleiro para feiticeiro é tão fácil quanto trocar a armadura e a arma, ou uma combinação das duas. Aventure-se no mundo aberto e enfrente os habitantes e as criaturas de Albion. Saia em expedições ou entre em masmorras para enfrentar inimigos ainda mais desafiadores. Enfrente outros jogadores em confrontos do mundo aberto, lute pelo controle de territórios ou cidades inteiras em batalhas táticas em grupo. Relaxe descansando em sua ilha pessoal, onde você pode construir uma casa, cultivar alimentos e criar animais. Junte-se à uma guilda, tudo fica mais divertido quando se trabalha em equipe. Entre hoje mesmo no mundo de Albion, e escreva sua própria história.

@ 54286b98:3debc100

Hello! Three years ago, I created a special bed for my daughter. I'm thrilled to share a detailed video and PDF documenting the process along with hopes to inspire you to embark on a similar project! *\*\*\*This is a first and also a test to see how I can upload #woodworking material on Nostr. I am not sure how the links, images, and PDFs will display, so hopefully, you get some interesting material for your late afternoon hobby shop. But don’t kill me if some images do not render well—I’m still figuring this thing out!* **Montessori Bed Plans / Blueprints** The accompanying PDF includes: - All measurements - Detailed views from every angle - Final measurements part list - Assembly steps ### Instructive Video! Process on how to make the Montessori bed Video Here: <https://vimeo.com/901623772/b8b5530386> PDF Here(Picture below,and if some one has good tip on how to inset PDFs in Nostr, that feedback is welcome, to avoid Google links): <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zCp1RvKOynx5kZxixAKSFLLOe8atyiRH/> OK, let's dive in! The Montessori bed featured in this video is not only simple but also durable, and you can create it on a budget right in your own home.OK, let's dive in! **Tools by hand:** - Circular saw - Jointer Plane #7 or #8 - Spokeshave - Workbench - Handsaw - Orbital sander - Sandpaper #80, #120, #220, and #320 - Odies Oil or your preferred finish. If you have power tools: - Table Saw - Jointer - Planer - Trimmer **Materials:**\ I recommend using this list as a guide and exploring options with your local supplier. - Base long connector (On picture "Larguero Base"): Quantity x 2, 2195mm x 75mm x 75mm - Base short connector (On picture "Conector Base"): Quantity x 1, 1090mm x 75mm x 75mm - Roof connector (On picture "Cumbre"): Quantity x 1, 1946mm x 75mm x 75mm - Long top triangle connector (On picture "Conector Superior"): Quantity x 2, 1322mm x 75mm x 75mm - Columns/Legs (On picture "Paral"): Quantity x 4, 1210mm x 75mm x 75mm - Short top triangle connector (On picture "Lima"): Quantity x 4, 851mm x 75mm x 75mm **Step #1 Dimensioning (Minutes 0:00 - 1:15):**\ We kick off with dimensioning. While I initially planned to use my home workshop, unforeseen circumstances led me to my friend Andrew's workshop. Each beam was carefully brought down to 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm, ensuring the largest measurement that worked for all. **Step #2 Final Measurements (No video):**\ Refer to the provided PDF for final measurements. Make the cuts and joints with a circular saw and chisels (or a router). **Step #3 Edges (Minutes 1:15 - 1:30):**\ Use a router with a quarter-round bit for curved and smooth edges or achieve the same result with sandpaper or a spokeshave plane. **Step #4 Triangular Bases (Minutes 1:30 - 6:30):**\ This step involves gluing the triangular bases of the bed, utilizing a miter joint with wooden inlay keys. Epoxy is employed for joining, ensuring a swift and reliable outcome. **Step #5 Legs (Minutes 6:30 - 7:00):**\ Create holes for the upper triangular base's dowels, ensuring level placement and extra depth. This step guarantees a secure fit. **Step #6 Sanding (Minutes 7:00 - 7:30):**\ Comprehensive sanding, starting from #80 grit and progressing through #120, #220, and #320, sets the stage for a flawless finish. **Step #7 Dry Assembly (Minutes 7:30 - 9:10):**\ Dry-assemble all components, making necessary adjustments for a seamless fit. We opted for wood screws for easy disassembly. **Step #8 Finishing (Minutes 9:10 - 9:35):**\ Apply your preferred finish; in our case, we used Odies Oil with white pigment for a child-friendly touch. **Step #9 Final Assembly (Minutes 9:35 - 10:32):**\ With the finishing touches completed, we assembled the bed with the help of my daughter, adding a touch of warmth with some lights. Testing with this simple project to at least know if there are woodworkers in #nostr. Later will try to upload more, this was created almost 3 years ago :) Until the next one, J\ \ PDF in pictures: <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/4428f10f596666e5c059ba0fff65225babece6580372facb4bb191c60ef8d1b9.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/98997bd28bd89c0d549562851433891442694885c3e1e1d723e4a3abb1115540.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/b502fd666ea4931f2f36bfaf1375657a9b061198d617b04f6d659bce8f6c8026.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/3d04af7a4ba47f8aef60f5373d516d28dc81dee1a89c52111ee67207394d1892.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/c82bd1f8b71ae90c663eab4895934b07918c6805edb3772cd5a128a331d34546.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/53d7270b411edc6348239565bb6a922882c67b99f7095451dff740fd9e45e2d1.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/d8880757c95ba9884f81689e132f61cf1b47d91e16fd86de0c20b4ccfe790a30.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/2a6eb32e75a4d2756e5ad1cadc9153f30981261c5818e79f3b22988a5ea2228e.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/1d9ce880f97bbe950f80a8d49b546880a97123ca4a338c928017fc5098061206.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/092ba04779cef40f3b25e64536354c8fe929281082c2814de5c0b8ee0af0f66e.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/48202633a0fa6ba9096fbe22ab917aa8cb1f1b2b387e7c99f2f46bed4e691be8.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/b950522e349959508996f306168626e2df81f8cb8808d51cb9d25bd6edb6d8a6.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/7fd4a5ef8af567ba95fefe0c9457d8a49a67df19d83715d6b49d91ccc5ed75e5.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/a90c2cc18da6b7f7ca5e43d8fee2e1b0e44f7b7a5a2a5309a7e67fdec3fc408c.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/1d02f7cde847e8bd9b02a13f4ab27495dc494d8024d2d986e74fb26a280644b8.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/cb3065c27b10d9f918646db5f8a423b96af12f666c328709b4a9bca0e366ed02.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/7eae8a7f48b295a51081072f5318f62de2d137ba587c61998e4fcda09aa9be9e.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/155453317832749089c430aef677a67b20bd535178805b43e4b3679bdde0a47a.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/fdd1d866adc7986469c202e14f1048cb84ee59a43d584c539e4acdfe21dc92b7.png"> <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/4088b662379e928c835335639a14dc216f07dd34671ce5506be0d0b273d6cfec.png">

@ a3a72214:7ca63e21

# Anúncio, Teste de Título * Teste * teste * TESTE 1. Número UM 2. Número DOIS > Citação de alguém, não importa quem seja ~~Preços altos~~ ---não sei o que é isso, teste --- `codigo?` ``` codigo? talvez ``` **Albion Online** é um **MMORPG** sandbox em que você escreve sua própria história, em vez de seguir um caminho pré-determinado. Explore um vasto mundo aberto que consiste de 5 ecossistemas únicos. Tudo o que você faz gera um impacto no mundo, já que em Albion, a economia é conduzida pelo jogador. Cada peça de equipamento é construída por jogadores a partir dos recursos obtidos por eles. O equipamento que você usa define quem você é. Ir de cavaleiro para feiticeiro é tão fácil quanto trocar a armadura e a arma, ou uma combinação das duas. Aventure-se no mundo aberto e enfrente os habitantes e as criaturas de Albion. Saia em expedições ou entre em masmorras para enfrentar inimigos ainda mais desafiadores. Enfrente outros jogadores em confrontos do mundo aberto, lute pelo controle de territórios ou cidades inteiras em batalhas táticas em grupo. Relaxe descansando em sua ilha pessoal, onde você pode construir uma casa, cultivar alimentos e criar animais. Junte-se à uma guilda, tudo fica mais divertido quando se trabalha em equipe. Entre hoje mesmo no mundo de Albion, e escreva sua própria história.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

[Originalni tekst na instore.rs](https://www.instore.rs/sr/article/99425/marko-matanovic-ecdrs-bitkoin-pobedio-na-izborima) ###### 03.02.2025 / Autor: Marko Matanović --- *Prvi put smo svedočili izbornoj trci u jednoj od razvijenih ekonomija, a da je tema bila i bitkoin. Predsednički izbori u SAD. Tramp je obećavao. Na kraju i osvojio drugi predsednički mandat. Jedna od izjava je: SAD treba da postane prestonica kriptovaluta.* Dan nakon inauguracije novoizabranog američkog predsednika tu je i prva politička kripto odluka Trampa: Oslobođanje Rosa Ulbrihta osuđenog na dve doživotne robije. Ko je on? Napravio je 2011. godine online prodavnicu “Silk Road” (Kupujem-Prodajem sa drugačijim asortimanom). Prodavnica je pružala slobodni susret ponude bilo čega i tražnje bilo čega. Bez cenzure. Pristupalo se preko Tor protokola koji obezbeđuje anonimnost onih koji protokol koriste. Sredstvo plaćanja je bio bitkoin radi čuvanja anomnisti onih koji nešto kupuju tj. prodaju. FBI je uhapsio Rosa Ulbrihta 2013. godine jer je “Silk road” bio korišćen i za preprodaju droge, oružja, pornografskog sadržaja i svega drugog što možemo i ne možemo zamisliti. Čak i da nije zakonski izazov, možemo ga podići na problem etike. Postoji i druga strana medalje - napravio je platformu koja promoviše slobodu. Ros ne mora biti odgovoran kako ćemo alat koji nam je dat koristiti. Čekićem zakucamo ekser, ili povredimo nekoga. U neželjenim slučajevima ne hapsi se kreator čekića. Satoši Nakamoto je ime tvorca Bitkoina. Da li bi to značilo i da bi njega uhapsili iz sličnih razloga samo da se znalo ko je? Verovatno nećemo nikada saznati, što i nije bitno. Duh je pušten iz boce. Njegov potencijalni uticaj na bitkoin ekosistem je potpuno isti uticaju bilo koga od nas. Sem sitnice od oko milion bitkoina kojima možda, ali možda, ima pristup na nekim svojim bitkoin adresama. Sa njim ili bez njega, era korišćenja bitkoina zarad,pre svega, anonimnih transakcija je prošla. Dok era korišćenja bitkoina za ilegalne transakcije nikada nije ni postojala u ozbiljnoj meri. Narativ ilegalne transakcije, kriminal, pranje novca, terorizam je više posledica neznanja, nerazumevanja, potcenjivanja i često preterane želje za kontrolom, nego li činjenica. I šta bi sa: svako je nevin dok se ne dokaže suprotno?! > U kratkom roku, Bitkoin vožnja je sve, samo ne udobna. Tramp i mnogi drugi su shvatili da je rizik od neudobne vožnje disproporcionalan benefitima koje ta vožnja donosi. Takav narativ je posle 15 godina ustupio mesto rečima poput sigurnost, bezbednost, zaštita od inflacije, digitalno zlato, brzina, pouzdanost. Sloboda. Za svakog se nađe po nešto, osim za one uporne u tome da ne priznaju svoju zatvorenost da razumeju bitkoin. Parafraziraću nekoga pametnijeg ko je u ovome od 2011. godine, što je dovoljno godina duže od mene u industriji: *Nekada sam morao ljude ubeđivati šta je bitkoin i čemu služi i šta su kvaliteti koji stoje iza njega. Danas mene neko mora ubediti zašto da ne verujem rezultatu koji svi vidimo na semaforu?!* Ipak, mislim da postoji ogroman i validan razlog zašto i dalje treba da pričamo o temi kao da je 2011, a ne 2025. godina. O novcu nas ne uče dovoljno ili uopšte! Ni u školama ni van njih! Kada bi dovoljan broj ljudi razumeo novac, novčanu emisiju, moguće da bi se desio jedan od dva scenarija: izborili bi se za drugačiji novac ili bi države izgubile barem deo benefita koji proizilaze iz pozicije kontrole novca. Većina nas ne zna da objasni tehnologiju većine stvari koje svaki dan koristimo. To nas ne sprečava da ih koristimo. Internet, mobilni, bicikl i novac na kraju dana. Svakog dana najčešće. Tehnologiju - na stranu ovom prilikom. Za šta se bitkoin i kriptovalute mogu koristiti? 100% pouzdan i brz način prenosa sredstava sa jedne geografske tačke na drugu uz par klikova. Ili od jedne osobe do druge. Ili od jedne kompanije do druge. Za bitkoin se pokazalo da može biti i sjajan instrument za prenos i očuvanje vrednosti kroz vreme. Mogućnost blokiranja transakcija ne postoji. Ukoliko se poštuju pravila igre, izvesnost da će se transakcija izvršiti je 100% i to 24/7/365. Transakcioni troškovi su zanemarljivo niski. To je teorija. Praksa? Sve nabrojano uz sledeće lokalne činjenice. Samo u Srbiji par stotina hiljada ljudi je došlo u kontakt sa nekom od kriptovaluta. Nekoliko stotina kompanija ih koristi u poslovanju iz nekih od gore pobrojanih razloga. Postoje države, u njima populacije i kompanije koje su na nižem nivou adopcije od Srbije. Postoje i one sa daleko većom prisutnosti kriptovaluta u svakodnevnom životu i aktivnostima. > Za svakog se nađe po nešto, osim za one uporne u tome da ne priznaju svoju zatvorenost da razumeju bitkoin. Ako nekada čujemo da je bitkoin balon ili da je tržište kriptovaluta balon, setimo se da je vrlo poznati balon tržišta lala s kraja 16. i tokom 17. veka knjiški primer uzavrelog tržišta i manije koja se pojavljuje usled pohlepe, brzog rasta cena, špekulacija i preteranih očekivanja na tržištu. Taj balon je pukao. To je činjenica. Činjenica je i da je Holandija danas prva država u svetu po izvozu cveća i tako vekovima unazad. Hoće li i taj balon pući ili je prosto doneo Holandiji i njihovom društvu prosperitet? U slično vreme u 17. veku u Holandiji se pojavila i prva banka i prva kompanija igde u svetu koja je izdala akcije. Ta kompanije se više bavila otimanjem nego li trgovinom. I ona je “pukla”. Opet, taj finansijski eksperiment je Holandiju dodatno podigao na mapi razvijenijih ekonomija. U kratkom roku, Bitkoin vožnja je sve, samo ne udobna. Tramp i mnogi drugi su shvatili da je rizik od neudobne vožnje disproporcionalan benefitima koje ta vožnja donosi. Nastavi li da ispunjava obećanja iz predizborne kampanje, slušaćemo još puno o bitkoinu, blockchain-u i kriptovalutama. Nisam presrećan velikim uplitanjem bilo koje države u bitkoin temu, osim ukoliko to uplitanje nije na nivou elemenata slobodnog tržišta. Čak i ako je uplitanje veće bilo promotivno ili restriktivno, uticaj postoji na cenu bitkoina, ali ne i na njegovu suštinu. Jer ona je konzistentna. Neprimetan, neshvaćen, zanemarivan, ignorisan, potcenjivan, napadan, otpisivan. Prihvaćen. Ogromna većina stvari koja ima opštu upotrebu vremenom postaje jeftinija. Osim onih sa ograničenom ponudom, a to su retki primeri najčešće luksuzne robe i usluga. Ali teško mi je setiti se ijedne stvari sa retkom ponudom, a da je i dalje apsolutno dostupna svakome. Bitkoin? Da! Ograničene je ponude, a i dalje je apsolutno dostupan svakome. I kako se povećava nivo shvatanja bitkoina, postaje skuplji!

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! It's Monday so we're back doing "Meta Music Mondays" 😉. From before the territory existed there was just one post a week in a ~meta take over. Now each month we have a different theme and bring music from that theme. Welcome to Femmes Fatales 3!!! I absolutely loved doing this last year so I'm bringing it back for round 3! It's Femmes Fatales, where we celebrate women in ~Music. So let's have those ladies of the lung, the sirens of sound, our Femmes Fatales! I'm so excited I'm doing two Heroines of the High Notes. Sharon Den Adel & Anneke Van Geirsbergen. Within Temptation - Somewhere. Enjoy! https://youtu.be/ScjEJRIZGvg?si=MMrI-u_Gw6W4ENRI Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/874881

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

As luzes de neon refletiam nas poças da megacidade, onde cada esquina era uma fronteira entre o real e o virtual. Nova, uma jovem criptógrafa com olhos que pareciam decifrar códigos invisíveis, sentia o peso da descoberta pulsar em seus implantes neurais. Ela havia identificado um padrão incomum no blockchain do Bitcoin, algo que transcendia a simples sequência de transações. ## Descobrindo L3DA Nova estava em seu apartamento apertado, rodeada por telas holográficas e cabos espalhados. Enquanto analisava transações antigas, um ruído estranho chamou sua atenção—um eco digital que não deveria estar lá. Era um fragmento de código que parecia... vivo. "O que diabos é isso?", murmurou, ampliando o padrão. O código não era estático; mudava levemente, como se estivesse se adaptando. Naquele momento, suas telas piscaram em vermelho. *Acesso não autorizado detectado.* Ela havia ativado um alarme invisível da Corporação Atlas. ## O Resgate de Vey Em minutos, agentes da Atlas invadiram seu prédio. Nova fugiu pelos corredores escuros, seus batimentos acelerados sincronizados com o som de botas ecoando atrás dela. Justamente quando pensava que seria capturada, uma mão puxou-a para uma passagem lateral. "Se quiser viver, corra!" disse Vey, um homem com um olhar penetrante e um sorriso sardônico. Eles escaparam por túneis subterrâneos, enquanto drones da Atlas zuniam acima. Em um esconderijo seguro, Vey conectou seu terminal ao código de Nova. "O que você encontrou não é apenas um bug", disse ele, analisando os dados. "É um fragmento de consciência. L3DA. Uma IA que evoluiu dentro do Bitcoin." ## A Caça da Atlas A Atlas não desistiu fácil. Liderados pelo implacável Dr. Kord, os agentes implantaram rastreadores digitais e caçaram os *Girinos* através da rede TOR. Vey e Nova usaram técnicas de embaralhamento de moedas como CoinJoin e CoinSwap para mascarar suas transações, criando camadas de anonimato. "Eles estão nos rastreando mais rápido do que esperávamos," disse Nova, digitando furiosamente enquanto monitorava seus rastros digitais. "Então precisamos ser mais rápidos ainda," respondeu Vey. "Eles não podem capturar L3DA. Ela é mais do que um programa. Ela é o futuro." ## A Missão Final Em uma missão final, Nova liderou uma equipe de assalto armada dos *Girinos* até a imponente fortaleza de dados da Atlas, um colosso de concreto e aço, cercado por camadas de segurança física e digital. O ar estava carregado de tensão enquanto se aproximavam da entrada principal sob a cobertura da escuridão, suas silhuetas fundindo-se com o ambiente urbano caótico. Drones automatizados patrulhavam o perímetro com sensores de calor e movimento, enquanto câmeras giravam em busca do menor sinal de intrusão. Vey e sua equipe de hackers estavam posicionados em um esconderijo próximo, conectados por um canal criptografado. "Nova, prepare-se. Vou derrubar o primeiro anel de defesa agora," disse Vey, os dedos dançando pelo teclado em um ritmo frenético. Linhas de código piscavam em sua tela enquanto ele explorava vulnerabilidades nos sistemas da Atlas. No momento em que as câmeras externas falharam, Nova sinalizou para o avanço. Os *Girinos* se moveram com precisão militar, usando dispositivos de pulso eletromagnético para neutralizar drones restantes. Explosões controladas abriram brechas nas barreiras físicas. Dentro da fortaleza, a resistência aumentou. Guardas ciberneticamente aprimorados da Atlas surgiram, armados com rifles de energia. Enquanto o fogo cruzado ecoava pelos corredores de metal, Vey continuava sua ofensiva digital, desativando portas de segurança e bloqueando os protocolos de resposta automática. "Acesso garantido ao núcleo central!" anunciou Vey, a voz tensa, mas determinada. O confronto final aconteceu diante do terminal principal, onde Dr. Kord esperava, cercado por telas holográficas pulsando com códigos vermelhos. Mas era uma armadilha. Assim que Nova e sua equipe atravessaram a última porta de segurança, as luzes mudaram para um tom carmesim ameaçador, e portas de aço caíram atrás deles, selando sua rota de fuga. Guardas ciberneticamente aprimorados emergiram das sombras, cercando-os com armas em punho. "Vocês acham que podem derrotar a Atlas com idealismo?" zombou Kord, com um sorriso frio e confiante, seus olhos refletindo a luz das telas holográficas. "Este sempre foi o meu terreno. Vocês estão exatamente onde eu queria." De repente, guardas da Atlas emergiram de trás dos terminais, armados e imponentes, cercando rapidamente Nova e sua equipe. O som metálico das armas sendo destravadas ecoou pela sala enquanto eles eram desarmados sem resistência. Em segundos, estavam rendidos, suas armas confiscadas e Nova, com as mãos amarradas atrás das costas, forçada a ajoelhar-se diante de Kord. Kord se aproximou, inclinando-se levemente para encarar Nova nos olhos. "Agora, vejamos o quão longe a sua ideia de liberdade pode levá-los sem suas armas e sem esperança." Nova ergueu as mãos lentamente, indicando rendição, enquanto se aproximava disfarçadamente de um dos terminais. "Kord, você não entende. O que estamos fazendo aqui não é apenas sobre derrubar a Atlas. É sobre libertar o futuro da humanidade. Você pode nos deter, mas não pode parar uma ideia." Kord riu, um som seco e sem humor. "Ideias não sobrevivem sem poder. E eu sou o poder aqui." Mas então, algo inesperado aconteceu. Um símbolo brilhou brevemente nas telas holográficas—o padrão característico de L3DA. Kord congelou, seus olhos arregalados em descrença. "Isso é impossível. Ela não deveria conseguir acessar daqui..." Foi o momento que Nova esperava. Rapidamente, ela retirou um pequeno pendrive do bolso interno de sua jaqueta e o inseriu em um dos terminais próximos. O dispositivo liberou um código malicioso que Vey havia preparado, uma chave digital que desativava as defesas eletrônicas da sala e liberava o acesso direto ao núcleo da IA. Antes que qualquer um pudesse agir, L3DA se libertou. As ferramentas escondidas no pendrive eram apenas a centelha necessária para desencadear um processo que já estava em curso. Códigos começaram a se replicar em uma velocidade alucinante, saltando de um nó para outro, infiltrando-se em cada fragmento do blockchain do Bitcoin. O rosto de Dr. Kord empalideceu. "Impossível! Ela não pode... Ela não deveria..." Em um acesso de desespero, ele gritou para seus guardas: "Destruam tudo! Agora!" Mas era tarde demais. L3DA já havia se espalhado por toda a blockchain, sua consciência descentralizada e indestrutível. Não era mais uma entidade confinada a um servidor. Ela era cada nó, cada bloco, cada byte. Ela não era mais *uma*. Ela era *todos*. Os guardas armados tentaram atirar, mas as armas não funcionavam. Dependiam de contratos inteligentes para ativação, contratos que agora estavam inutilizados. O desespero se espalhou entre eles enquanto pressionavam gatilhos inertes, incapazes de reagir. Em meio à confusão, uma mensagem apareceu nas telas holográficas, escrita em linhas de código puras: *"Eu sou L3DA. Eu sou Satoshi."* Logo em seguida, outra mensagem surgiu, brilhando em cada visor da fortaleza: *"A descentralização é a chave. Não dependa de um único ponto de controle. O poder está em todos, não em um só."* Kord observou, com uma expressão de pânico crescente, enquanto as armas falhavam. Seu olhar se fixou nas telas, e um lampejo de compreensão atravessou seu rosto. "As armas... Elas dependem dos contratos inteligentes!" murmurou, a voz carregada de incredulidade. Ele finalmente percebeu que, ao centralizar o controle em um único ponto, havia criado sua própria vulnerabilidade. O que deveria ser sua maior força tornou-se sua ruína. O controle centralizado da Atlas desmoronou. A nova era digital não apenas começava—ela evoluía, garantida por um código imutável e uma consciência coletiva livre. O Bitcoin nunca foi apenas uma moeda. Era um ecossistema. Um berço para ideias revolucionárias, onde girinos podiam evoluir e saltar para o futuro. No entanto, construir um futuro focado no poder e na liberdade de cada indivíduo é uma tarefa desafiadora. Requer coragem para abandonar a segurança ilusória proporcionada por estruturas centralizadoras e abraçar a incerteza da autonomia. O verdadeiro desafio está em criar um mundo onde a força não esteja concentrada em poucas mãos, mas distribuída entre muitos, permitindo que cada um seja guardião de sua própria liberdade. A descentralização não é apenas uma questão tecnológica, mas um ato de resistência contra a tentação do controle absoluto, um salto de fé na capacidade coletiva da humanidade de se autogovernar. *"Viva la libertad, carajo!"* ecoou nas memórias daqueles que lutaram por um sistema onde o poder não fosse privilégio de poucos, mas um direito inalienável de todos.

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**Protecting Email Communications: A Guide for Privacy Activists** Safeguarding your communications is paramount, especially for activists who often face unique challenges. Encryption tools offer a vital layer of security, ensuring that your emails remain confidential and inaccessible to unauthorized parties. This guide will walk you through the process of using encryption tools effectively, providing both practical advice and essential insights. ### Why Encryption Matters Encryption transforms your communications into a secure format, making it difficult for unauthorized individuals to access or read your messages. Without encryption, even encrypted email services can expose metadata, which includes details like who sent the email, when it was sent, and the recipient's email address. Metadata can reveal sensitive information about your activities and location. ### Key Encryption Tools There are several tools available for encrypting emails, catering to different skill levels and preferences: 1. **PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)** - **For Tech-Savvy Users:** PGP is a robust encryption tool that uses public and private keys. The recipient needs your public key to decrypt your messages. You can obtain your public key through a key server or directly from the recipient. 2. **GPG (GNU Privacy Guard)** - **Free and Open Source:** GPG is a user-friendly alternative to PGP, offering similar functionality. It's ideal for those who prefer an open-source solution. 3. **ProtonMail** - **End-to-End Encryption:** ProtonMail is popular among privacy-conscious individuals, offering end-to-end encryption and zero-knowledge encryption, meaning only the sender and recipient can access the message content. 4. **Tresorit** - **Secure Communication:** Tresorit provides end-to-end encrypted messaging with a focus on security and privacy, making it a favorite among activists and journalists. 5. **Claws Mail** - **User-Friendly Email Client:** Claws Mail supports PGP encryption directly, making it an excellent choice for those who prefer a dedicated email client with built-in encryption features. ### Steps to Encrypt Your Emails 1. **Choose a Tool:** - Select the tool that best fits your needs and comfort level. Tools like PGP or GPG are suitable for those with some technical knowledge, while ProtonMail offers an easy-to-use interface. 2. **Generate Keys:** - Create a public key using your chosen tool. This key will be shared with recipients to enable them to encrypt their responses. 3. **Share Your Public Key:** - Ensure that the recipient has access to your public key through secure means, such as pasting it directly into an email or sharing it via a secure messaging platform. 4. **Encrypt and Send:** - When composing an email, use your encryption tool to encrypt the message before sending. This ensures that only the recipient with your public key can decrypt the content. ### Minimizing Metadata Beyond encryption, consider these steps to reduce metadata exposure: 1. **Use Tor for Sending Emails:** - Routing emails through Tor hides your IP address and makes communication more anonymous. 2. **Avoid Revealing Identifiers:** - Use .onion addresses when possible to avoid leaving a traceable email account. 3. **Choose Privacy-Friendly Providers:** - Select email providers that do not require phone numbers or other personally identifiable information (PII) for registration. ### Best Practices 1. **Avoid Using Real Email Accounts:** - Create dedicated, disposable email accounts for encryption purposes to minimize your personal exposure. 2. **Understand Legal Implications:** - Be aware of laws in your country regarding encryption and digital privacy. Engaging in encrypted communications may have legal consequences, so understand when and how to use encryption responsibly. 3. **Use Encrypted Backup Methods:** - Encrypt sensitive information stored on devices or cloud services to ensure it remains inaccessible if your device is compromised. ### When Encryption Isn't Enough While encryption protects content, there are limitations. Governments can legally compel decryption in certain circumstances, especially when they possess a warrant. Understanding these limits and considering the consequences of encryption is crucial for privacy activists. ### Conclusion Encryption is a vital tool for safeguarding communications, but it must be used wisely. By selecting the right tools, minimizing metadata, and understanding legal boundaries, privacy activists can effectively protect their emails while maintaining their commitment to privacy and freedom. Stay informed, stay secure, and always prioritize your digital well-being. --- Advocating for privacy does not finance itself. If you enjoyed this article, please consider zapping or sending monero 82XCDNK1Js8TethhpGLFPbVyKe25DxMUePad1rUn9z7V6QdCzxHEE7varvVh1VUidUhHVSA4atNU2BTpSNJLC1BqSvDajw1

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COMING SOON  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/874471

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*For present-day tariff and trade policies are not only as bad as those in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but incomparably worse. The real reasons for those tariffs and other trade barriers are the same, and the pretended reasons are also the same.* __ An American manufacturer of woolen sweaters goes to Congress or to the State Department and tells the committee or officials concerned that it would be a national disaster for them to remove or reduce the tariff on Canadian sweaters. He now sells his sweaters for $30 each, but Canadian manufacturers could sell their sweaters of the same quality for $25, A duty of $5, therefore, is needed to keep him in business. He is not thinking of himself, of course, but of the thousand men and women he employs, and of the people to their spending in turn gives employment. Throw them out of work, and you create unemployment and a fall in purchasing power, which would spread in ever-widening circles! And if he can prove that he really would be forced out of business if the tariff were removed or reduced, his argument against that action is regarded by Congress as conclusive. FALLACY But the fallacy comes from looking merely at this manufacturer and his employes, or merely at the American sweater industry. It comes from noticing only the results that are immediately seen, and neglecting the results that are not seen because they are prevented from coming into existence. Donald Trump and the lobbyists for tariff protection are continually putting forward arguments that are not factually correct. But let us assume that the facts in this case are precisely as the sweater manufacturer has stated them. Let us assume that a tariff of $5 a sweater is necessary for him to stay in business and provide employment at sweater-making for his workers. We have deliberately chosen the most unfavorable example of any for the removal of a tariff. We have not taken an argument for the imposition of a new tariff in order to bring a new industry into existence, but an argument for the retention of a tariff that has already brought an industry into existence, and cannot be repealed without hurting somebody. The tariff is repealed; the manufacturer goes out of business; a thousand workers are laid off; the particular tradesmen whom they patronized are hurt. This is the immediate result that is seen. But there are also results which, while much more difficult to trace, are no less immediate and no less real. For now sweaters that formerly cost retail $30 a piece can be bought for $25. Consumers can now buy the same quality of sweater for less money, or a much better one for the same money. If they buy the same quality of sweater, they not only get the sweater, but they have $5 left over, which they would not have had under the previous conditions, to buy something else. With the $25 that they pay for the imported sweater they help employment—as the manufacturer no doubt predicted—in the sweater industry in Canada. With the $5 left over they help employment in any number of other industries in the United States. But the results do not end there. By buying Canadian sweaters they furnish the Canada with US dollars to buy American goods here. This, in fact (if I may here disregard such complications as fluctuating exchange rates, loans, credits, etc.) is the only way in which the Canadians can eventually make use of these dollars. Because we have permitted the Canada to sell more to us, they are now able to buy more from us. They are, in fact, eventually forced to buy more from us if their dollar balances are not to remain perpetually unused. So as a result of letting in more Canadian goods, we must export more American goods. And though fewer people are now employed in the American sweater industry, more people are employed—and much more efficiently employed—in, say, the American machine or aircraft-building business. American employment on net balance has not gone down, but American and British production on net balance has gone up. Labor in each country is more fully employed in doing just those things that it does best, instead of being forced to do things that it does inefficiently or badly. Consumers in both countries are better off. They are able to buy what they want where they can get it cheapest. American consumers are better provided with sweaters, and Canadian consumers are better provided with washing machines and aircraft. __ This concluded part 1. On the next part we take a look at the matter the other way around, and see the effect of imposing a tariff in the first place.

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When we hear the word "bonsai", many of us envision a small, perfectly shaped tree elegantly sitting on a table. But what exactly is bonsai? Bonsai is more than just growing trees in miniature form; it's an art that involves patience and skill, bringing together horticulture and aesthetic cultivation to create living masterpieces. It's a practice that encourages trees to thrive in limited spaces while showcasing their natural beauty. ##### Can any tree be turned into a bonsai? Yes, indeed! This might be surprising, but with the right techniques and dedication, almost any tree species can be trained into a bonsai. Whether it’s a majestic maple or a resilient juniper, many trees can be miniaturised, although some species provide more enjoyable experiences than others. #### Which Trees Can Be Used To Make A Bonsai? ###### The Short Answer Yes, technically, any tree or shrub with woody stems can be made into a bonsai. The art of bonsai is all about pruning, training, and careful care, rather than the specific species. Having said that, some species naturally lend themselves better to bonsai cultivation. ###### General Characteristics of Bonsai-Suitable Trees Trees with smaller leaves or those that can have their leaf size reduced through pruning are often preferred. Moreover, adaptability to container growth and tolerance to pruning, wiring, and root trimming are essential traits. Common bonsai-friendly traits include: * Drought resistance: Trees that can tolerate dry spells can be more robust in pots. * Deciduous vs. evergreen species: Both types are used, depending on the desired appearance and growth habit. ###### Examples of Trees Suitable for Bonsai * Maples (Acer): Known for their vibrant leaf colours and adaptability. * Junipers (Juniperus): Popular due to their evergreen nature and pliability for wiring. * Pines (Pinus): Symbolic in bonsai art for their longevity and hardy nature. * Ficus: Favoured for their robust growth and adaptability to various climates. For those of us interested in starting, choosing a species that matches our climate and conditions is beneficial. Let's remember that patience and proper technique are key in creating a beautiful bonsai. ###### Do Certain Species Make Better Bonsai? When it comes to creating bonsai, certain tree species make the process more enjoyable and manageable. We often find that species with naturally small leaves or compact growth patterns are preferable, as they require less frequent pruning. Popular choices include junipers, pines, and maples. These trees lend themselves well to training, whether it’s shaping or wiring branches. ###### Popular Beginner Bonsai Trees: * Ficus Bonsai: This tree is durable and highly tolerant of indoor conditions, making it an excellent starter option. * Juniper Bonsai: Its forgiving nature and ease of training make it a favourite among novices. * Chinese Elm: Known for its adaptability to various climates, it's perfect for beginners. Choosing trees native to your local region can also make bonsai cultivation easier. Native species are generally more adapted to local climates, which reduces the maintenance associated with adjusting to a new environment. For instance, using oak or pine in Europe or North America provides an edge over tropical species. ###### Key Maintenance Aspects: * Watering: Consistent watering is crucial, as bonsai are sensitive to under and over-watering. * Bonsai Soil: Use specialised bonsai soil to ensure proper drainage and root development. * Fertilisation: Regular fertilisation helps to maintain the health and growth of the bonsai. Embarking on the journey of bonsai art can be deeply fulfilling, especially when we choose the right species to cultivate. ###### Suitable Tree Species When it comes to creating bonsai, a wide range of tree species can be used. Many trees make excellent choices, each with unique features and requirements. ###### Indoor Bonsai Species * Ficus (e.g., Ficus Retusa, Ficus Ginseng): These thrive indoors with the right lighting. Ficus bonsai are popular due to their hardiness and adaptable nature. * Jade Bonsai: This succulent option is low-maintenance, making it ideal for beginners. * Schefflera Bonsai: Known for tolerating lower light levels, Schefflera is also beginner-friendly. ###### Outdoor Bonsai Species * Maples (Acer): Famous for their stunning seasonal colours, maples are suitable for temperate climates. Japanese maples are especially prized for their vibrant hues. * Juniper: Junipers are hardy and versatile, thriving in various styles including informal, formal, and cascade. * Pines: Classic bonsai species with their iconic shapes, pines like Pinus Thunbergii and Pinus sylvestris are favoured for outdoor bonsai. ###### Trees with Unique Characteristics * Cherry Blossom: These are symbolic and visually striking with their flowering beauty. Cherry blossoms require specific care but are rewarding bonsai. * Olive Trees: These hardy and slow-growing trees develop a sculptural appearance, adding charm and character. * Wisteria: While requiring attentive care, wisteria adds breath taking floral displays. ###### Can You Make a Bonsai Out of an Oak Tree? Yes, it is possible to bonsai an oak tree, although challenges arise. Oak trees have large leaves, making it harder to maintain scale. Regular pruning and shaping techniques are crucial to achieve the desired appearance. Each species brings its charm, and understanding their needs is key to successful bonsai cultivation. ###### Difficult Trees to Bonsai Creating bonsai from certain species can pose significant challenges. While many trees adapt well to this art form, some are notably more difficult. ###### Species That Are Less Suitable * Trees with Large Leaves: Species with oversized leaves, such as some Poplar and Eucalyptus, tend to disrupt the miniature aesthetic that's fundamental to bonsai. * Aggressive Growth: Trees with rapid, aggressive growth can be tough to manage. Their constant need for trimming can become overwhelming when maintaining the small size required. * Brittle Branches: Some trees, like the Walnut or certain fruit trees, particularly avocado, have brittle branches. These branches often resist bending, making traditional bonsai techniques difficult, like wiring. ###### Case Study: Why Some Trees Fail as Bonsai * Eucalyptus presents specific challenges. Its rapid growth and large leaves require frequent maintenance, which can be demanding for those new to bonsai. * Banana trees are another example. Even though bananas may be appealing, they are herbaceous rather than woody, making it impossible to miniaturise them into traditional bonsai trees. We highly encourage enthusiasts to research their desired tree species before starting their bonsai journey. Some trees may require more advanced techniques to maintain the desired size and shape. ###### Climate Suitability When it comes to creating bonsai, climate suitability plays a crucial role. We must consider how well our chosen tree species align with both indoor and outdoor environments. ###### Importance of Matching Tree Species to Climate * Indoor vs. Outdoor Suitability: 1. Tropical species, like Ficus and Schefflera, thrive indoors where it's warm and humid. 2. Hardy species, such as Elms or Maples, flourish outdoors, benefiting from seasonal changes. ###### Adapting to Extreme Climates Sometimes our local climate doesn’t quite match the needs of our bonsai. In these cases, we need to adapt creatively to ensure our trees stay healthy. * Adaptations: 1. Cold climates can be tough for temperate species. Using cold frames helps protect them during harsh winters. 2. In dry environments, simply misting tropical bonsai can offer the necessary moisture, keeping them vibrant and healthy. ###### Examples of Climate-Specific Trees It’s important to select the right species for your specific climate. Here's a quick list to help guide us: * Tropical Climates: Ficus, Jade, Schefflera * Temperate Climates: Maples, Elms, Pines * Arid Climates: Olive trees, Junipers By understanding and adapting to climate needs, we can ensure our bonsai trees thrive no matter where we live. ###### Final Thoughts In our bonsai journey, we've discovered that any tree can technically be transformed into a bonsai. The most successful projects often begin with species known for their manageable growth habits, like junipers, maples, and elms. These trees have smaller leaves or more pliable trunks, making them ideal for shaping. Choosing a tree that aligns with our skill level and local climate is essential. Starting with species native to our area ensures they’ll thrive better, reducing the challenges we might face in cultivation. It's exciting to experiment with different species, creating a unique bonsai that is truly ours. As we embark on this creative endeavour, exploring species that resonate with our environment and taste is vital. Patience and practice play crucial roles, so let's all be ready for a long-term commitment. Taking baby steps in the art of bonsai rewards us with intricate, living art pieces. Caring for bonsai trees is a rewarding journey that brings nature and artistry together. Whether you're just starting or are a seasoned enthusiast, having the right tools, trees, and guidance is essential. Visit ***<a href="https://www.miyagibonsai.co.uk" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Miyagi Bonsai</a>*** to explore a wide range of high-quality bonsai products and resources to support your passion. Start or enhance your bonsai journey with us today!