@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

My favorite line in any Marvel movie ever is in “Captain America.” After Captain America launches seemingly a hopeless assault on Red Skull’s base and is captured, we get [this line](https://www.youtube.com/shorts/kqsomjpz7ok): “Arrogance may not be a uniquely American trait, but I must say, you do it better than anyone.” Yesterday, I came across a comment on the song [Devil Went Down to Georgia](https://youtu.be/ut8UqFlWdDc) that had a very similar feel to it:  America has seemingly always been arrogant, in a uniquely American way. Manifest Destiny, for instance. The rest of the world is aware of this arrogance, and mocks Americans for it. A central point in modern US politics is the deriding of racist, nationalist, supremacist Americans. That’s not what I see. I see American Arrogance as not only a beautiful statement about what it means to be American. I see it as an ode to the greatness of humanity in its purest form. For most countries, saying “our nation is the greatest” *is*, in fact, twinged with some level of racism. I still don’t have a problem with it. Every group of people *should* be allowed to feel pride in their accomplishments. The destruction of the human spirit since the end of World War 2, where greatness has become a sin and weakness a virtue, has crushed the ability of people worldwide to strive for excellence. But I digress. The fears of racism and nationalism at least have a grain of truth when applied to other nations on the planet. But not to America. That’s because the definition of America, and the prototype of an American, has nothing to do with race. The definition of Americanism is *freedom*. The founding of America is based purely on liberty. On the God-given rights of every person to live life the way they see fit. American Arrogance is not a statement of racial superiority. It’s barely a statement of national superiority (though it absolutely is). To me, when an American comments on the greatness of America, it’s a statement about freedom. Freedom will always unlock the greatness inherent in any group of people. Americans are *definitionally* better than everyone else, because Americans are freer than everyone else. (Or, at least, that’s how it should be.) In *Devil Went Down to Georgia*, Johnny is approached by the devil himself. He is challenged to a ridiculously lopsided bet: a golden fiddle versus his immortal soul. He acknowledges the sin in accepting such a proposal. And yet he says, “God, I know you told me not to do this. But I can’t stand the affront to my honor. I am the greatest. The devil has nothing on me. So God, I’m gonna sin, but I’m also gonna win.” *Libertas magnitudo est*

@ daa41bed:88f54153

There has been a good bit of discussion on Nostr over the past few days about the merits of zaps as a method of engaging with notes, so after writing a rather lengthy [article on the pros of a strategic Bitcoin reserve](https://geek.npub.pro/post/dxqkgnjplttkvetprg8ox/), I wanted to take some time to chime in on the much more fun topic of digital engagement. Let's begin by defining a couple of things: **Nostr** is a decentralized, censorship-resistance protocol whose current biggest use case is social media (think Twitter/X). Instead of relying on company servers, it relies on relays that anyone can spin up and own their own content. Its use cases are much bigger, though, and this article is hosted on my own relay, using my own Nostr relay as an example. **Zap** is a tip or donation denominated in sats (small units of Bitcoin) sent from one user to another. This is generally done directly over the Lightning Network but is increasingly using Cashu tokens. For the sake of this discussion, how you transmit/receive zaps will be irrelevant, so don't worry if you don't know what [Lightning](https://lightning.network/) or [Cashu](https://cashu.space/) are. If we look at how users engage with posts and follows/followers on platforms like Twitter, Facebook, etc., it becomes evident that traditional social media thrives on engagement farming. The more outrageous a post, the more likely it will get a reaction. We see a version of this on more visual social platforms like YouTube and TikTok that use carefully crafted thumbnail images to grab the user's attention to click the video. If you'd like to dive deep into the psychology and science behind social media engagement, let me know, and I'd be happy to follow up with another article. In this user engagement model, a user is given the option to comment or like the original post, or share it among their followers to increase its signal. They receive no value from engaging with the content aside from the dopamine hit of the original experience or having their comment liked back by whatever influencer they provide value to. Ad revenue flows to the content creator. Clout flows to the content creator. Sales revenue from merch and content placement flows to the content creator. We call this a linear economy -- the idea that resources get created, used up, then thrown away. Users create content and farm as much engagement as possible, then the content is forgotten within a few hours as they move on to the next piece of content to be farmed. What if there were a simple way to give value back to those who engage with your content? By implementing some value-for-value model -- a circular economy. Enter zaps.  Unlike traditional social media platforms, Nostr does not actively use algorithms to determine what content is popular, nor does it push content created for active user engagement to the top of a user's timeline. Yes, there are "trending" and "most zapped" timelines that users can choose to use as their default, but these use relatively straightforward engagement metrics to rank posts for these timelines. That is not to say that we may not see clients actively seeking to refine timeline algorithms for specific metrics. Still, the beauty of having an open protocol with media that is controlled solely by its users is that users who begin to see their timeline gamed towards specific algorithms can choose to move to another client, and for those who are more tech-savvy, they can opt to run their own relays or create their own clients with personalized algorithms and web of trust scoring systems. Zaps enable the means to create a new type of social media economy in which creators can earn for creating content and users can earn by actively engaging with it. Like and reposting content is relatively frictionless and costs nothing but a simple button tap. Zaps provide active engagement because they signal to your followers and those of the content creator that this post has genuine value, quite literally in the form of money—sats.  I have seen some comments on Nostr claiming that removing likes and reactions is for wealthy people who can afford to send zaps and that the majority of people in the US and around the world do not have the time or money to zap because they have better things to spend their money like feeding their families and paying their bills. While at face value, these may seem like valid arguments, they, unfortunately, represent the brainwashed, defeatist attitude that our current economic (and, by extension, social media) systems aim to instill in all of us to continue extracting value from our lives. Imagine now, if those people dedicating their own time (time = money) to mine pity points on social media would instead spend that time with genuine value creation by posting content that is meaningful to cultural discussions. Imagine if, instead of complaining that their posts get no zaps and going on a tirade about how much of a victim they are, they would empower themselves to take control of their content and give value back to the world; where would that leave us? How much value could be created on a nascent platform such as Nostr, and how quickly could it overtake other platforms? Other users argue about user experience and that additional friction (i.e., zaps) leads to lower engagement, as proven by decades of studies on user interaction. While the added friction may turn some users away, does that necessarily provide less value? I argue quite the opposite. You haven't made a few sats from zaps with your content? Can't afford to send some sats to a wallet for zapping? How about using the most excellent available resource and spending 10 seconds of your time to leave a comment? Likes and reactions are valueless transactions. Social media's real value derives from providing monetary compensation and actively engaging in a conversation with posts you find interesting or thought-provoking. Remember when humans thrived on conversation and discussion for entertainment instead of simply being an onlooker of someone else's life? If you've made it this far, my only request is this: try only zapping and commenting as a method of engagement for two weeks. Sure, you may end up liking a post here and there, but be more mindful of how you interact with the world and break yourself from blind instinct. You'll thank me later. 

@ 6538925e:571e55c3

\ **Nostr Live Streams (Beta)** If you follow shows like Rabbit Hole Recap, THE Bitcoin Podcast or Simply Bitcoin on Nostr, you can now watch the video in Fountain and hang out in the live chat as it’s being recorded. You'll find livestreams from people who follow on Nostr at the top of the home screen. As well and live podcasts, you will also find live music events from PhantomPowerMedia, radio stations like NoGood and Noderunners, as well as channels dedicated to gaming, art, coding and much more. Bringing creators and fans together through live experiences enables audience participation and creates a special feeling of community, so we’re really excited to get this into your hands. Nostr livestreams are a beta feature - i.e. we still have a lot more work to do! We will continue to make improvements to livestreams over the coming months - so we would love to hear your feedback. \ **Storage Manager** We’ve added a storage manager in the app’s settings so that you can view file storage size for audio downloads, video downloads, transcripts, image cache, feed cache, and temp files. You can delete all files in any of these folders to free up storage on your device so that Fountain continues to run optimally. There are other performance and stability improvements that we are working on too. For example, in the next couple of weeks we will be rolling out an image proxy service, which should reduce mobile data usage and optimise storage. Stay tuned for further updates and, as always, thanks for your support.

@ c2827524:5f45b2f7

> innèsto s. m. [der. di innestare]. – 1. In agraria: a. Operazione con cui si fa concrescere sopra una pianta (detta portainnesto o soggetto) una parte di un altro della stessa specie o di specie differenti (detto nesto o oggetto), **al fine di formare un nuovo individuo più pregiato o più produttivo o più giovane**: fare, operare, praticare un innesto. Le collaborazioni sono di una potenza micidiale. Quelle che si sviluppano nello spazio #Bitcoin ancora di più. Non è più una collaborazione, è un #innesto: rami di alberi diversi, destinati da soli a dare grandi frutti, si fondono per **donare ad un intero ecosistema sapori ancora più deliziosi**. Contributi e suggerimenti vanno e vengono alla velocità della luce, col sorriso, senza sacrificio e sempre con la volontà di migliorarsi e crescere. Lo spazio #Bitcoin è una fabbrica magica, che accoglie minuscoli semini(*) da chiunque voglia partecipare, volontariamente, alla crescita della cultura Bitcoin. Ma li trasforma in un **incanto**. In solitaria i semini sarebbero destinati comunque a grandi cose e questo è già, di per sé, meraviglioso. La fabbrica magica, invece, li fa germogliare, fiorire e fruttare in maniera ancora più potente. Quando la magia è totale, avviene l’*innesto*, **la generazione di una nuova creatura più pregiata**. Sta succedendo davanti ai miei occhi. Sono onorata di poter assistere a questo mini miracolo della vita e, manco a dirlo, felice di farne parte. Non è solo cambiare atteggiamento, smussare frizioni e rigidità o correggere la propria visione, è proprio ampliare sé stessi accogliendo gli altri. Grazie nostr:npub1uhj92lnwh8rrhhuvulfqstk4g0ayx0zx35wj2d62jueqheknkxks5m4zj6 nostr:npub1au23c73cpaq2whtazjf6cdrmvam6nkd4lg928nwmgl78374kn29sq9t53j nostr:npub1awnu9vg352863e7tqlc6urlw7jgdf8vf00tmr76uuhflp4nnn68sjmnnl3 e nostr:npub1lrurmgmlfl4u72258fc4q5ke7tr82kw5xct5vchdmzr9uhmx6j4qn3t72a (1) Semini, non #seed [non chiamatelo seed, si dice mnemonica (cit.)] Siccome in italiano la parola **seme** porta alla mente anche *giochini di parole fiat*, se siete qui per perculare fate pure. -> H.F.S.P. 🤣

@ e5de231a:958477f6

Market Insights: Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market Size was valued at USD 37.90 Billion in 2024. The Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market industry is projected to grow from USD 40.94 Billion in 2025 to USD 81.85 Billion by 2034, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.0% during the forecast period (2025 - 2034). The integration of semiconductor components in vehicles will fuel the global semiconductor advanced packaging market growth. The electrification of automobiles as well as the rising demand for automation in vehicles are expected to be a significant market driver for the Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market. In the dynamic landscape of technological advancements, the semiconductor industry stands at the forefront, steering innovation and progress. The [Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/advanced-semiconductor-packaging-market-12505), a crucial facet of this realm, plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of electronic devices. In this comprehensive exploration, we delve into the intricacies of this market, unraveling its complexities and forecasting its trajectory. Understanding the Essence of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging What Sets Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Apart? Semiconductor packaging is the art and science of protecting and enhancing semiconductor devices, ensuring optimal performance in electronic applications. As technology evolves, the demand for more efficient, compact, and powerful semiconductor packaging solutions has surged. This is where the 'advanced' in Advanced Semiconductor Packaging becomes a game-changer. Miniaturization and Integration: The driving force behind advanced packaging lies in the quest for smaller, yet more potent, electronic components. The market is witnessing a paradigm shift towards compact designs without compromising on functionality. Heterogeneous Integration: Combining diverse materials and technologies into a single package is the hallmark of advanced semiconductor packaging. This amalgamation fosters improved performance, energy efficiency, and overall system reliability. Enhanced Thermal Management: As electronic devices become more powerful, managing heat dissipation becomes a critical challenge. Advanced packaging solutions incorporate innovative thermal management techniques to ensure sustained high performance. Market Trends and Projections Riding the Waves of Innovation 5G Integration: The advent of 5G technology has propelled the need for advanced semiconductor packaging to new heights. The market is witnessing a surge in demand for packaging solutions that can support the high-frequency requirements of 5G-enabled devices. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Integration: AI-driven applications demand robust semiconductor solutions. Advanced packaging, with its focus on efficient power delivery and heat dissipation, aligns perfectly with the requirements of AI-powered devices. Automotive Electronics: The automotive industry's shift towards electric and autonomous vehicles has fueled the demand for advanced semiconductor packaging. These packages need to withstand harsh environments while delivering exceptional performance. Market Dynamics and Key Players The Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market is characterized by intense competition and rapid technological advancements. Key players in this landscape include: Intel Corporation: A pioneer in semiconductor technology, Intel continues to lead the market with innovations in packaging solutions. Advanced Micro Devices (AMD): Renowned for its cutting-edge processors, AMD's foray into advanced packaging has added a new dimension to the market. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC): As a global semiconductor manufacturing giant, TSMC's influence on the market is undeniable, shaping the industry's future through advanced packaging technologies. Challenges and Future Prospects Navigating the Road Ahead While the Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market is poised for growth, it is not without its challenges: Complexity of Integration: As technologies converge, integrating diverse components into a single package poses significant technical challenges. Supply Chain Disruptions: The global semiconductor shortage has underscored the vulnerability of the supply chain. Addressing these disruptions is crucial for sustained market growth. Environmental Considerations: The semiconductor industry is under increasing scrutiny for its environmental impact. Sustainable packaging solutions and responsible manufacturing practices are becoming paramount. Related Reports: [Super Capacitors Energy Storage System Market](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/super-capacitors-battery-energy-storage-system-market-1158) [Interactive Whiteboard Market](https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/interactive-whiteboard-market-6087) Conclusion In conclusion, the Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Market is a dynamic arena where innovation converges with necessity. As we navigate the complexities of an interconnected world, the role of advanced packaging in shaping the future of electronics cannot be overstated. The market's trajectory is marked by challenges, but also by unprecedented opportunities for those at the forefront of technological evolution.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

**Top-Down Analysis:** กลยุทธ์การเทรดเพื่อมองภาพรวมและจับจังหวะทำกำไร ในโลกของการเทรดที่เต็มไปด้วยความผันผวน การมีเครื่องมือวิเคราะห์ที่แข็งแกร่งเป็นสิ่งสำคัญอย่างยิ่งที่จะช่วยนำทางให้เทรดเดอร์สามารถตัดสินใจได้อย่างมีหลักการและเพิ่มโอกาสในการทำกำไร หนึ่งในเครื่องมือที่ได้รับความนิยมและมีประสิทธิภาพคือ "Top-Down Analysis" หรือการวิเคราะห์จากบนลงล่าง ซึ่งเป็นวิธีการมองภาพรวมของตลาดก่อนที่จะเจาะจงไปที่สินทรัพย์ที่เราสนใจ บทความนี้จะพาคุณไปทำความเข้าใจกับ Top-Down Analysis อย่างละเอียด พร้อมทั้งแนะนำกลยุทธ์การเทรดที่สามารถนำไปปรับใช้ได้จริง **Top-Down Analysis คืออะไร?** Top-Down Analysis เป็นกระบวนการวิเคราะห์ตลาดที่เริ่มต้นจากการพิจารณาภาพรวมในกรอบเวลาที่ใหญ่ขึ้น ก่อนที่จะค่อยๆ ย่อยลงไปในกรอบเวลาที่เล็กลง เพื่อทำความเข้าใจบริบทของตลาดและหาจังหวะการเทรดที่เหมาะสม วิธีการนี้ช่วยให้เทรดเดอร์สามารถมองเห็นทิศทางหลักของตลาด, แนวโน้มที่กำลังเกิดขึ้น, ระดับราคาสำคัญ, และความสมดุลระหว่างอุปสงค์และอุปทาน ก่อนที่จะตัดสินใจเข้าเทรดในกรอบเวลาที่เล็กลง **องค์ประกอบสำคัญของ Top-Down Analysis (อ้างอิงจากภาพ)** ภาพ "Top-Down Analysis" ได้สรุปองค์ประกอบสำคัญของการวิเคราะห์นี้ไว้อย่างชัดเจน โดยแบ่งการวิเคราะห์ออกเป็น 3 กรอบเวลาหลัก: 4 ชั่วโมง (4H), 1 ชั่วโมง (1H), และ 15 นาที (15min) แต่ละกรอบเวลามีองค์ประกอบที่ต้องพิจารณาดังนี้: 1. กรอบเวลา 4 ชั่วโมง (4H): ภาพรวมตลาดและทิศทางหลัก ในกรอบเวลา 4 ชั่วโมง เราจะเน้นการวิเคราะห์ภาพรวมของตลาด เพื่อกำหนดทิศทางหลักและแนวโน้มในระยะกลาง องค์ประกอบสำคัญในกรอบเวลานี้คือ: * Direction (ทิศทาง): ประเมินทิศทางที่ตลาดกำลังเคลื่อนที่ไป โดยพิจารณาจากแนวโน้มและโครงสร้างราคาในภาพรวม ตลาดกำลังเป็นขาขึ้น, ขาลง หรืออยู่ในช่วง Sideways? * Trend (แนวโน้ม): ระบุแนวโน้มหลักของตลาด ไม่ว่าจะเป็นแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (Uptrend), แนวโน้มขาลง (Downtrend) หรือ Sideways การเข้าใจแนวโน้มช่วยในการกำหนดกลยุทธ์การเทรดที่เหมาะสม * Key levels (ระดับราคาสำคัญ): หาระดับราคาแนวรับและแนวต้านที่สำคัญในกรอบเวลา 4 ชั่วโมง ระดับเหล่านี้มักเป็นจุดที่ราคาเคยมีการกลับตัวหรือพักตัวในอดีต และอาจเป็นบริเวณที่ราคาจะตอบสนองอีกครั้งในอนาคต * Supply & Demand (อุปทานและอุปสงค์): วิเคราะห์ความสมดุลระหว่างแรงซื้อ (Demand) และแรงขาย (Supply) ในตลาด โดยพิจารณาจากพฤติกรรมราคาบริเวณแนวรับแนวต้าน และสัญญาณจากเครื่องมือวิเคราะห์อื่นๆ (ถ้าใช้) 2. กรอบเวลา 1 ชั่วโมง (1H): หาจังหวะและบริเวณที่น่าสนใจ เมื่อได้ภาพรวมและทิศทางหลักจากกรอบ 4H แล้ว เราจะย่อยลงมาในกรอบ 1 ชั่วโมง เพื่อหาจังหวะการเทรดที่สอดคล้องกับทิศทางหลัก และมองหารูปแบบราคาที่น่าสนใจ องค์ประกอบสำคัญในกรอบเวลานี้คือ: * Breaks (การทะลุ): สังเกตการทะลุแนวรับแนวต้าน หรือระดับราคาสำคัญในกรอบ 1H ที่สอดคล้องกับทิศทางหลักใน 4H การทะลุเหล่านี้อาจเป็นสัญญาณของการเคลื่อนไหวครั้งใหญ่ของราคา * Reversals (การกลับตัว): มองหารูปแบบการกลับตัวของราคาที่อาจเกิดขึ้นบริเวณระดับราคาสำคัญในกรอบ 1H ซึ่งบ่งบอกถึงจุดสิ้นสุดของแนวโน้มปัจจุบันและเริ่มต้นแนวโน้มใหม่ * OB (Order Blocks): ระบุบริเวณ Order Blocks ในกรอบ 1H ซึ่งเป็นพื้นที่ที่มีการสั่งซื้อขายจำนวนมากในอดีต Order Blocks เหล่านี้มักจะทำหน้าที่เป็นแนวรับแนวต้านในอนาคต * FVG (Fair Value Gaps): มองหา Fair Value Gaps ในกรอบ 1H ซึ่งเป็นช่องว่างของราคาที่เกิดจากการเคลื่อนไหวอย่างรวดเร็ว FVG มักจะเป็นเป้าหมายของราคาในอนาคต เนื่องจากราคาอาจจะกลับมาปิดช่องว่างเหล่านี้ * Liquidity (สภาพคล่อง): ประเมินสภาพคล่องบริเวณระดับราคาที่เราสนใจในกรอบ 1H บริเวณที่มีสภาพคล่องสูงมักจะดึงดูดนักลงทุนรายใหญ่ และอาจทำให้เกิดการเคลื่อนไหวของราคาที่รุนแรง 3. กรอบเวลา 15 นาที (15min): ยืนยันสัญญาณและหาจุดเข้าเทรด ในกรอบเวลา 15 นาที เราจะเน้นการยืนยันสัญญาณการเทรด และหาจุดเข้าเทรดที่แม่นยำ เพื่อลดความเสี่ยงในการเข้าเทรดเร็วเกินไป องค์ประกอบสำคัญในกรอบเวลานี้คือ: * Confirmation (การยืนยัน): รอสัญญาณยืนยันการเคลื่อนไหวของราคาในกรอบ 15 นาที ที่สอดคล้องกับการวิเคราะห์ในกรอบ 1H และ 4H สัญญาณยืนยันอาจมาในรูปแบบของแท่งเทียนกลับตัว, รูปแบบ Chart Patterns, หรือสัญญาณจาก Indicators * จุดเข้าเทรด: เมื่อมีสัญญาณยืนยันที่ชัดเจนในกรอบ 15 นาที และสอดคล้องกับการวิเคราะห์ในกรอบเวลาที่ใหญ่ขึ้น จึงตัดสินใจเข้าเทรด โดยกำหนด Stop Loss เพื่อจำกัดความเสี่ยง และ Take Profit เพื่อตั้งเป้าหมายในการทำกำไร **กลยุทธ์การเทรด Top-Down Analysis: ขั้นตอนสู่ความสำเร็จ** เพื่อนำ Top-Down Analysis ไปใช้ในการเทรดอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ เราสามารถทำตามขั้นตอนต่อไปนี้: 1. **เริ่มต้นที่ 4H**: กำหนดทิศทางและแนวโน้มหลัก วิเคราะห์กราฟ 4H เพื่อระบุทิศทางหลักของตลาด แนวโน้ม และระดับราคาสำคัญ ประเมินความสมดุลของ Supply & Demand เพื่อกำหนด Bias การเทรด (เน้นซื้อหรือขาย) 2. **เจาะลึก 1H:** หาจังหวะและบริเวณที่น่าสนใจ เมื่อได้ทิศทางหลักจาก 4H แล้ว ให้ย่อยลงมาดูกราฟ 1H เพื่อหารูปแบบราคาที่น่าสนใจ เช่น การทะลุแนวรับแนวต้าน, รูปแบบการกลับตัว, Order Blocks, Fair Value Gaps และบริเวณที่มีสภาพคล่องสูง 3. **ยืนยันใน 15min:** หาจุดเข้าเทรดที่แม่นยำ รอสัญญาณยืนยันในกรอบ 15 นาที ที่สอดคล้องกับการวิเคราะห์ในกรอบเวลาที่ใหญ่ขึ้น ใช้ Price Action, แท่งเทียน, หรือ Indicators เพื่อยืนยันสัญญาณ และหาจุดเข้าเทรดที่แม่นยำ พร้อมกำหนด Stop Loss และ Take Profit ที่เหมาะสม **ประโยชน์ของการใช้ Top-Down Analysis** * มองเห็นภาพรวมตลาด: ช่วยให้เทรดเดอร์เข้าใจบริบทของตลาดในภาพรวม ไม่หลงทางในรายละเอียดเล็กๆ น้อยๆ * ตัดสินใจเทรดอย่างมีหลักการ: ทำให้การตัดสินใจเทรดมีเหตุผลและมีข้อมูลสนับสนุนมากขึ้น ไม่ใช่แค่การคาดเดา * เพิ่มความแม่นยำในการเทรด: การวิเคราะห์หลายกรอบเวลาช่วยกรองสัญญาณรบกวน และเพิ่มโอกาสในการเข้าเทรดในทิศทางที่ถูกต้อง * ลดความเสี่ยง: ช่วยลดโอกาสในการเทรดสวนทางแนวโน้มหลักของตลาด และช่วยในการกำหนด Stop Loss ที่เหมาะสม **ข้อควรจำและข้อควรระวัง** * ฝึกฝนและสังเกต: Top-Down Analysis ต้องอาศัยการฝึกฝนและการสังเกตกราฟราคาอย่างสม่ำเสมอ เพื่อพัฒนาความเข้าใจและทักษะในการวิเคราะห์ * ปรับใช้ให้เข้ากับสไตล์: ปรับกลยุทธ์ให้เข้ากับสไตล์การเทรดของคุณ และสินทรัพย์ที่คุณเทรด * บริหารความเสี่ยง: ให้ความสำคัญกับการบริหารความเสี่ยงเสมอ กำหนดขนาด Position ที่เหมาะสม และใช้ Stop Loss ทุกครั้ง * ไม่มีกลยุทธ์ใดสมบูรณ์แบบ: Top-Down Analysis เป็นเครื่องมือที่มีประสิทธิภาพ แต่ไม่มีกลยุทธ์ใดที่รับประกันผลกำไร 100% การเทรดมีความเสี่ยง โปรดศึกษาและทำความเข้าใจความเสี่ยงก่อนตัดสินใจลงทุน **สรุป** Top-Down Analysis เป็นกลยุทธ์การเทรดที่ทรงพลัง ซึ่งช่วยให้เทรดเดอร์สามารถวิเคราะห์ตลาดอย่างเป็นระบบ มองภาพรวม และจับจังหวะการเทรดได้อย่างแม่นยำ การนำหลักการของ Top-Down Analysis ไปปรับใช้ในการเทรด จะช่วยเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการตัดสินใจ และเพิ่มโอกาสในการประสบความสำเร็จในตลาดการเงินได้อย่างยั่งยืน

@ 34c964ef:82a60fa4

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@ d360efec:14907b5f

 **ภาพรวม LUNCUSDT (OKX):** LUNCUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงที่ *มีความผันผวนสูงและมีความไม่แน่นอนมาก* แม้ว่าในอดีต (TF Day) จะเคยมีสัญญาณของการพยายามกลับตัวเป็นขาขึ้น (Breakout EMA 50 และเกิด Golden Cross) แต่ปัจจุบันแรงซื้อเหล่านั้นเริ่มอ่อนแรงลง และมีแรงขายเข้ามาในตลาดมากขึ้น ทำให้เกิดความขัดแย้งระหว่าง Timeframes ต่างๆ  **สถานะปัจจุบัน:** * **แนวโน้ม:** * **TF Day:** เริ่มไม่แน่นอน (จากเดิมที่เป็น Early Uptrend) - แม้ว่าราคาจะยังอยู่เหนือ EMA 50/200 แต่ Money Flow เริ่มแสดงสัญญาณเตือน * **TF4H:** เริ่มไม่แน่นอน (พักตัว, ทดสอบแนวรับ EMA 50) - Money Flow บ่งบอกถึงแรงขายที่เข้ามา * **TF15:** ผันผวนสูง, ไม่มีทิศทางชัดเจน (Sideways) - Money Flow แสดงถึงแรงขาย แต่ก็มีแรงซื้อกลับเข้ามาบ้าง * **Money Flow (LuxAlgo):** * **TF Day:** แรงซื้อเริ่มอ่อนแรงลงอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ, มีแรงขายเข้ามา * **TF4H:** แรงขายมีมากกว่าแรงซื้อ * **TF15:** แรงขายและแรงซื้อผสมกัน, โดยรวมแรงขายยังมากกว่า * **EMA:** * **TF Day:** EMA 50/200 เป็นแนวรับ/แนวต้าน * **TF4H:** EMA 50 กำลังถูกทดสอบ, EMA 200 เป็นแนวต้าน * **TF15:** EMA 50/200 เป็นแนวต้าน **โครงสร้างราคา (SMC):** | Timeframe | Break of Structure (BOS) | Change of Character (CHoCH) | Higher High (HH) & Higher Low (HL) | Equal Highs (EQH) / Equal Lows (EQL) | | :-------- | :----------------------- | :--------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- | | Day | ด้านบนและล่าง | ด้านบน | เริ่มก่อตัว (แต่ไม่แข็งแกร่ง) | - | | 4H | ด้านบน | ด้านบน | เริ่มก่อตัว (แต่ไม่ชัดเจน) | มี EQH หลายจุด | | 15m | ด้านบนและล่าง | มีทั้งบนและล่าง | Lower Highs (LH) & Lower Lows (LL) | มี EQH และ EQL หลายจุด | **แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ:** | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | | :-------- | :----------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Day | EMA 50 (≈0.00010000), EMA 200 (≈0.00008000), 0.00006000-0.00007000 | 0.00017953 (High ล่าสุด), 0.00014000 (Volume Profile) | | 4H | EMA 50 (≈0.00007000), 0.00006000-0.00007000 | EMA 200 (≈0.00008000), 0.00008132, บริเวณ 0.00010000-0.00012000 (EQH) | | 15m | บริเวณ Low ล่าสุด | EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 0.000075-0.000076 (EQH) | **กลยุทธ์ (LUNCUSDT):** 1. **Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุด):** * **เหตุผล:** ความขัดแย้งระหว่าง Timeframes สูงมาก, แนวโน้มไม่ชัดเจน, Money Flow ใน TF4H และ TF15 เป็นลบ * รอให้ราคาแสดงทิศทางที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ (ยืนเหนือ EMA 50 ใน TF4H ได้, Breakout แนวต้านใน TF15) 2. **Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - *ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก ไม่แนะนำ*:** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้มระยะยาวอาจจะยังเป็นขาขึ้นได้ (ถ้าไม่หลุดแนวรับสำคัญ) * **เงื่อนไข:** *ต้อง* รอสัญญาณการกลับตัวใน TF15 ก่อน * **จุดเข้า:** พิจารณาเฉพาะบริเวณแนวรับที่แข็งแกร่งมากๆ (EMA ของ Day/4H) *และต้องดู TF15 ประกอบ* * **Stop Loss:** ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 3. **Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก):** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้ม TF15 เป็นขาลง, Money Flow เป็นลบ * **เงื่อนไข:** ราคาไม่สามารถ Breakout EMA หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ ใน TF15 ได้ * **จุดเข้า:** บริเวณ EMA หรือแนวต้านของ TF15 * **Stop Loss:** เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 **คำแนะนำ (เน้นย้ำ):** * **LUNC เป็นเหรียญที่มีความเสี่ยงสูงมาก (High Risk):** มีความผันผวนสูง และอาจมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงอย่างรวดเร็ว * **ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes:** สถานการณ์ของ LUNCUSDT มีความขัดแย้งสูงมาก และมีความเสี่ยงสูง * **Money Flow:** บ่งบอกถึงแรงขายที่เริ่มเข้ามา และแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (ระยะกลาง-ยาว) ที่อ่อนแอลง * **ถ้าไม่แน่ใจ อย่าเพิ่งเข้าเทรด:** "รอ" เป็นกลยุทธ์ที่ดีที่สุด * **Risk Management:** สำคัญที่สุด ไม่ว่าจะเลือกกลยุทธ์ใด ต้องมีการบริหารความเสี่ยงที่ดี **สรุป:** LUNCUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงเวลาที่ยากลำบากและมีความเสี่ยงสูงมากที่สุดในบรรดา 3 เหรียญที่เราวิเคราะห์กันมา การตัดสินใจที่ผิดพลาดอาจนำไปสู่การขาดทุนได้ ควรพิจารณาอย่างรอบคอบก่อนเข้าเทรดทุกครั้ง และ "รอ" จนกว่าจะมีสัญญาณที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ เป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยที่สุดสำหรับนักลงทุนส่วนใหญ่ค่ะ **Disclaimer:** การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ d360efec:14907b5f

 **ภาพรวม XRPUSDT (OKX):** XRPUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงสำคัญ แนวโน้มระยะยาว (TF Day) เริ่มมีสัญญาณบวกของการเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) หลังราคา Breakout EMA 50 และ Money Flow สนับสนุน อย่างไรก็ตาม แนวโน้มระยะกลาง (TF4H) เริ่มแสดงความอ่อนแอลง โดยราคาพักตัวลงมาทดสอบแนวรับสำคัญ และ Money Flow บ่งชี้ถึงแรงซื้อที่ลดลงและแรงขายที่เพิ่มขึ้น ส่วนแนวโน้มระยะสั้นมาก (TF15) เป็นขาลงชัดเจน  **แนวโน้ม:** * **TF Day:** เริ่มเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) - Breakout EMA 50, Money Flow เป็นบวก * **TF4H:** เริ่มไม่แน่นอน (พักตัว, ทดสอบแนวรับ EMA 50 และ EQL) - Money Flow เริ่มเป็นลบ * **TF15:** ขาลง (Downtrend) ระยะสั้นมาก - ราคาหลุด EMA, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Lower Highs/Lows, Money Flow เป็นลบ **โครงสร้างราคา (SMC):** | Timeframe | Break of Structure (BOS) | Change of Character (CHoCH) | Higher High (HH) & Higher Low (HL) | Equal Highs (EQH) / Equal Lows (EQL) | | :-------- | :----------------------- | :--------------------------- | :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- | | Day | ด้านบน (Breakout EMA 50) | ไม่ชัดเจน | เริ่มก่อตัว (แต่ยังไม่ชัดเจน) | - | | 4H | ด้านบน | ไม่ชัดเจน | เริ่มก่อตัว (แต่ไม่ชัดเจน) | EQH: 3.00-3.20, EQL: 2.2667 | | 15m | ด้านล่าง | มีทั้งบนและล่าง | Lower Highs (LH) & Lower Lows (LL) | EQH: 2.48-2.50, EQL: 2.38 |   **Money Flow (LuxAlgo):** * **TF Day:** แรงซื้อแข็งแกร่ง * **TF4H:** แรงซื้อเริ่มอ่อนแรงลง, แรงขายเริ่มเข้ามา * **TF15:** แรงขายมีอิทธิพลเหนือกว่า **EMA (Exponential Moving Average):** * **TF Day:** EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวรับ * **TF4H:** EMA 50 กำลังถูกทดสอบ, EMA 200 เป็นแนวรับถัดไป * **TF15:** EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวต้าน **แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ:** | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | | :-------- | :----------------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Day | EMA 50 (≈1.56), EMA 200 (≈1.08) | 3.4049 (High), 3.00-3.20 (EQH) | | 4H | EMA 50 (≈2.20), *2.2667 (EQL)*, EMA 200, 1.7820 | 3.4049, 2.3987 (Volume Profile), 3.00-3.20 (EQH) | | 15m | 2.38 (EQL, Volume Profile), 2.3274 | EMA 50, EMA 200, 2.4196, Equilibrium (≈2.44), 2.48-2.50 (EQH) | **กลยุทธ์ (XRPUSDT):** 1. **Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุด):** * **เหตุผล:** ความขัดแย้งระหว่าง Timeframes สูง, TF4H กำลังทดสอบแนวรับสำคัญ, Money Flow ใน TF4H และ TF15 เป็นลบ * รอให้ราคาแสดงทิศทางที่ชัดเจน (ยืนเหนือ EMA 50 ใน TF4H ได้ หรือ Breakout แนวต้านใน TF15) 2. **Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - *ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก*:** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้มระยะยาวยังมีโอกาสเป็นขาขึ้น, Money Flow ใน TF Day เป็นบวก * **เงื่อนไข (สำคัญมาก):** *ต้อง* รอสัญญาณการกลับตัวใน TF15 ก่อน เช่น: * Breakout แนวต้านย่อยๆ พร้อม Volume * Money Flow (TF15) เปลี่ยนเป็นสีเขียว * Bullish Candlestick Patterns * **จุดเข้า (Day):** EMA 50, EMA 200 (*ดู TF15 ประกอบ*) * **จุดเข้า (4H):** EMA 50, *2.2667 (EQL)* (*ดู TF15 ประกอบ*) * **Stop Loss:** ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือต่ำกว่าแนวรับที่เข้าซื้อ 3. **Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก):** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้ม TF15 เป็นขาลง, Money Flow เป็นลบ * **เงื่อนไข:** ราคาไม่สามารถกลับขึ้นไปยืนเหนือ EMA ของ TF15 ได้ * **จุดเข้า:** บริเวณ EMA ของ TF15 หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ * **Stop Loss:** เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 **คำแนะนำ:** * **ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes:** XRPUSDT มีความขัดแย้งสูงมาก และมีความเสี่ยงสูง * **Money Flow:** Day เป็นบวก, 4H เริ่มเป็นลบ, 15m เป็นลบ * **EMA 50 (TF4H) & EQL 2.2667:** จุดชี้ชะตา * **ถ้าไม่แน่ใจ อย่าเพิ่งเข้าเทรด:** "รอ" ดีที่สุด * **Risk Management:** สำคัญที่สุด **สรุป:** สถานการณ์ของ XRPUSDT ตอนนี้มีความเสี่ยงสูงมาก และไม่เหมาะกับนักลงทุนที่รับความเสี่ยงได้ต่ำ การ "รอ" จนกว่าจะมีสัญญาณที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ เป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยที่สุดค่ะ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2025/02/06）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Lumilumi](https://lumilumi.app/) - [Nos Haiku](https://nos-haiku.vercel.app/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qqsuamnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5hsyg8vgtrk2svt8kuusk4l7w5g7j3mhet4xhhthhz52gsyr7jn9rqxqqpsgqqqw48qud6u3s)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2025/02/06） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

I got into a [friendly discussion](https://x.com/snoyberg/status/1887007888117252142) on X regarding health insurance. The specific question was how to deal with health insurance companies (presumably unfairly) denying claims? My answer, as usual: get government out of it! The US healthcare system is essentially the worst of both worlds: * Unlike full single payer, individuals incur high costs * Unlike a true free market, regulation causes increases in costs and decreases competition among insurers I'm firmly on the side of moving towards the free market. (And I say that as someone living under a single payer system now.) Here's what I would do: * Get rid of tax incentives that make health insurance tied to your employer, giving individuals back proper freedom of choice. * Reduce regulations significantly. * In the short term, some people will still get rejected claims and other obnoxious behavior from insurance companies. We address that in two ways: 1. Due to reduced regulations, new insurance companies will be able to enter the market offering more reliable coverage and better rates, and people will flock to them because they have the freedom to make their own choices. 2. Sue the asses off of companies that reject claims unfairly. And ideally, as one of the few legitimate roles of government in all this, institute new laws that limit the ability of fine print to allow insurers to escape their responsibilities. (I'm hesitant that the latter will happen due to the incestuous relationship between Congress/regulators and insurers, but I can hope.) Will this magically fix everything overnight like politicians normally promise? No. But it will allow the market to return to a healthy state. And I don't think it will take long (order of magnitude: 5-10 years) for it to come together, but that's just speculation. And since there's a high correlation between those who believe government can fix problems by taking more control and demanding that only credentialed experts weigh in on a topic (both points I strongly disagree with BTW): I'm a trained actuary and worked in the insurance industry, and have directly seen how government regulation reduces competition, raises prices, and harms consumers. And my final point: I don't think any prior art would be a good comparison for deregulation in the US, it's such a different market than any other country in the world for so many reasons that lessons wouldn't really translate. Nonetheless, I asked Grok for some empirical data on this, and at best the results of deregulation could be called "mixed," but likely more accurately "uncertain, confused, and subject to whatever interpretation anyone wants to apply." https://x.com/i/grok/share/Zc8yOdrN8lS275hXJ92uwq98M

@ d360efec:14907b5f

 **ภาพรวม BTCUSDT :** Bitcoin (BTCUSDT) กำลังอยู่ในช่วงสำคัญ แม้ว่าแนวโน้มหลักในระยะกลางถึงยาว (TF Day & 4H) จะยังคงเป็นขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่ง แต่ในระยะสั้นมาก (TF15) กลับแสดงสัญญาณของความอ่อนแอและการปรับฐานลงมา ทำให้เกิดความไม่แน่นอนในทิศทางของราคา อย่างไรก็ตาม *Money Flow ใน TF Day บ่งชี้ว่าแรงซื้อโดยรวมยังคงแข็งแกร่ง*  **แนวโน้ม:** * **TF Day:** ขาขึ้น (Uptrend) แข็งแกร่ง – ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA 50 และ EMA 200, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Higher Highs (HH) และ Higher Lows (HL), *Money Flow เป็นบวก (แรงซื้อ)* * **TF4H:** ขาขึ้น (Uptrend) – ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA, มีการพักตัวลงมา (Pullback) แต่ยังไม่เสียโครงสร้างขาขึ้น, *Money Flow เริ่มอ่อนแรง (แรงซื้อลดลง, แรงขายเพิ่มขึ้น)* * **TF15:** ขาลง (Downtrend) ระยะสั้นมาก – ราคาหลุด EMA และแนวรับย่อย, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Lower Highs (LH) และ Lower Lows (LL), *Money Flow เป็นลบ (แรงขาย)* **โครงสร้างราคา (SMC):** * **TF Day:** ยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (HH, HL, BOS) * **TF4H:** ยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (HH, HL, BOS), มี Equal Highs (EQH) ที่เป็นแนวต้าน * **TF15:** บ่งบอกถึงแนวโน้มขาลงระยะสั้น (BOS ด้านล่าง, LH, LL), มี EQH เป็นแนวต้าน **Money Flow (LuxAlgo) - สรุป:** * **TF Day:** แรงซื้อยังคงแข็งแกร่งอย่างชัดเจน * **TF4H:** แรงซื้อเริ่มอ่อนแรงลง, มีแรงขายเข้ามา * **TF15:** แรงขายมีอิทธิพลเหนือกว่า  **EMA (Exponential Moving Average):** * **TF Day & 4H:** EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวรับสำคัญ * **TF15:** EMA 50 & 200 กลายเป็นแนวต้าน **แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ:** | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | | :-------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------- | | Day | EMA 50, EMA 200, 96,000-98,000, 85,724.7 | 109,998.9 (High เดิม) | | 4H | EMA 50, EMA 200, 96,000-98,000, 89,037.0 | 109,998.9 (EQH, High เดิม) | | 15m | 95,200 (Low ล่าสุด), 94,707.4 (Low ก่อนหน้า) | EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 96,000, 96,807.8, 97,000-97,200 | **กลยุทธ์ (BTCUSDT):** 1. **Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - *มีความน่าเชื่อถือมากขึ้น แต่ยังคงต้องระมัดระวัง*:** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้มหลักยังเป็นขาขึ้น, Money Flow ใน TF Day แข็งแกร่ง * **เงื่อนไข:** *ยังคงต้องรอสัญญาณการกลับตัวของราคาใน TF15 ก่อน* (Breakout แนวต้านย่อย, Money Flow TF15 เป็นบวก, Bullish Candlestick Patterns) * **จุดเข้า (Day):** EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 96,000-98,000 * **จุดเข้า (4H):** EMA 50 * **Stop Loss:** ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือต่ำกว่าแนวรับที่เข้าซื้อ 2. **Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก):** * **เหตุผล:** แนวโน้ม TF15 เป็นขาลง, Money Flow TF15 เป็นลบ * **เงื่อนไข:** ราคาไม่สามารถกลับขึ้นไปยืนเหนือ EMA ของ TF15 ได้ * **จุดเข้า:** บริเวณ EMA ของ TF15 หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ * **Stop Loss:** เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 3. **Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัย):** * **เหตุผล:** ความขัดแย้งระหว่าง Timeframes ยังคงมีอยู่ * รอให้ตลาดเฉลยทิศทางที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ **คำแนะนำ (เน้นย้ำ):** * **Money Flow ใน TF Day:** เป็นปัจจัยบวกที่สำคัญ ทำให้กลยุทธ์ Buy on Dip มีน้ำหนักมากขึ้น * **ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes:** ยังคงต้องระวัง TF15 ที่เป็นขาลง * **Volume:** การ Breakout/Breakdown ใดๆ ควรมี Volume สนับสนุน * **Risk Management:** สำคัญที่สุด **สรุป:** สถานการณ์ของ BTCUSDT โดยรวมยังคงเป็นบวก (ขาขึ้น) แต่มีความเสี่ยงในระยะสั้นจาก TF15 การตัดสินใจลงทุนควรพิจารณาจาก Timeframe ที่เหมาะสมกับสไตล์การเทรดของคุณ และอย่าลืมบริหารความเสี่ยงเสมอค่ะ **Disclaimer:** การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

In the dynamic world of global finance, the interplay between traditional monetary policy and the burgeoning digital asset market is becoming increasingly prominent. The U.S. Federal Reserve's recent pivot towards a more accommodative monetary policy has sparked intense discussion among investors, economists, and cryptocurrency enthusiasts. This shift, characterized by an expected reduction in interest rates, is not just a routine adjustment but a significant move that could have far-reaching implications for various asset classes, including cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. As we delve into this topic, we aim to unravel the complexities of the Fed's policy change and its potential ripple effects on Bitcoin, a digital asset that has been a subject of much intrigue and speculation. **Table Of Content** - Understanding the Fed's Policy Shift - Impact on Traditional Financial Markets - Bitcoin's Response to Monetary Easing - Analyzing the Economic Backdrop - Bitcoin: A Safe Haven or Risk Asset? - Risks and Opportunities - Conclusion - FAQs **Understanding the Fed's Policy Shift** The Federal Reserve, the guardian of the U.S. monetary system, wields immense influence over global financial markets. Its recent signaling of a dovish turn – an expectation of 75 basis points in rate cuts by 2024 – marks a significant departure from its previous stance. This change is reflective of the Fed's response to a confluence of macroeconomic factors, such as fluctuating inflation rates, global economic uncertainties, and domestic financial stability concerns. The Fed's decisions are closely monitored as they set the tone for economic growth, inflation control, and financial market stability. In this context, the anticipated rate cuts suggest a strategic move to stimulate economic activity by making borrowing cheaper, thereby potentially boosting investment and consumption. However, this policy shift is not without its complexities and nuances, as it must balance the fine line between stimulating growth and controlling inflation. **Impact on Traditional Financial Markets** The ripple effects of the Fed's policy announcement were immediately felt across traditional financial markets. Stock markets, often seen as a barometer of economic sentiment, reacted positively, with indices like the Dow Jones Industrial Average reaching new heights. This surge reflects investors' optimism about the potential for increased corporate profits and economic growth in a lower interest rate environment. Similarly, the bond market experienced a significant rally, with yields on government securities falling as bond prices rose. This movement in the bond market is indicative of investors' expectations of a more accommodative monetary policy, which typically leads to lower yields on fixed-income securities. These market reactions underscore the pivotal role of central bank policies in shaping investor sentiment and the direction of financial markets. They also highlight the interconnectedness of various asset classes, as changes in monetary policy can have cascading effects across different sectors of the economy. **Bitcoin's Response to Monetary Easing** Bitcoin's reaction to the Fed's dovish turn has been a subject of keen interest. The cryptocurrency, which had been experiencing volatility, showed signs of recovery following the Fed's announcement. This response is indicative of Bitcoin's increasing correlation with broader financial market trends, a significant development given its history as an uncorrelated asset. Bitcoin's sensitivity to macroeconomic factors like central bank policies points to its growing integration into the mainstream financial ecosystem. However, this integration also means that Bitcoin is increasingly exposed to the same macroeconomic risks and uncertainties that affect traditional assets. The Fed's policy shift could potentially make Bitcoin more attractive to investors seeking non-traditional assets in a low-interest-rate environment. However, Bitcoin's complex dynamics, including its decentralized nature, limited supply, and regulatory landscape, add layers of complexity to its response to monetary policy changes. **Analyzing the Economic Backdrop** The economic backdrop against which the Fed's policy shift occurs is multifaceted and dynamic. On one hand, the U.S. economy has demonstrated resilience, with robust GDP growth and positive retail sales figures suggesting underlying strength. On the other hand, inflation, though moderated from its peak, remains a concern, hovering above the Fed's target. This economic duality presents a challenging scenario for policymakers, who must navigate the delicate balance between stimulating growth and containing inflation. For investors and market participants, this creates an environment of uncertainty, as they must decipher mixed signals from economic data and policy announcements. In this context, Bitcoin's role and response become even more intriguing, as it operates at the intersection of technology, finance, and macroeconomics. **Bitcoin: A Safe Haven or Risk Asset?** The debate over Bitcoin's classification as a safe haven or a risk asset is intensified by the Fed's easing stance. Traditionally, in a low-interest-rate environment, investors seek assets that can serve as hedges against inflation and currency devaluation. Gold has historically played this role, and Bitcoin, with its fixed supply and digital scarcity, has drawn comparisons to gold. However, Bitcoin's relatively short history and high volatility make it a more complex and potentially riskier asset. The Fed's dovish policy could enhance Bitcoin's appeal as an alternative investment, especially if traditional assets like bonds offer lower returns. However, Bitcoin's classification as a safe haven is still a matter of debate, with opinions divided on its long-term stability and value retention capabilities. **Risks and Opportunities** Investors considering Bitcoin in light of the Fed's policy change face a landscape filled with both risks and opportunities. The potential for a Bitcoin rally in a low-interest-rate environment is counterbalanced by the cryptocurrency's inherent volatility and regulatory uncertainties. Bitcoin's price movements can be dramatic and unpredictable, influenced by a range of factors from technological developments to geopolitical events. Additionally, the regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is still evolving, with potential changes posing risks to Bitcoin's accessibility and value. Investors must also consider the broader global economic context, including actions by other central banks and international trade dynamics, which can impact Bitcoin's market movement. **Conclusion** The Federal Reserve's shift towards a more accommodative monetary policy in 2024 presents a fascinating scenario for Bitcoin and the broader cryptocurrency market. This development underscores the increasing relevance of digital assets in the global financial landscape and highlights the complex interplay between traditional monetary policies and emerging financial technologies. As Bitcoin continues to evolve and gain acceptance, its response to macroeconomic factors like central bank policies will be a critical area of focus for investors. In navigating this dynamic and uncertain environment, a cautious and well-informed approach is essential for those looking to explore the opportunities and navigate the challenges of cryptocurrency investments. The coming years promise to be a pivotal period in the maturation of Bitcoin as it responds to the shifting tides of global finance. **FAQs** **How does the Federal Reserve's easing stance impact Bitcoin?** The Fed's shift towards lower interest rates can make riskier assets like Bitcoin more attractive to investors. This is because lower rates often lead to reduced yields on traditional investments, prompting investors to seek higher returns elsewhere. **What is the significance of the Fed's 'dot plot' for Bitcoin investors?** The 'dot plot' is a projection of interest rate movements by Federal Reserve members. A shift towards lower rates, as indicated in the recent dot plot, can signal a more accommodative monetary policy, potentially impacting Bitcoin's market as investors adjust their portfolios. **Can Bitcoin be considered a safe haven asset in light of the Fed's policy?** Bitcoin's role as a safe haven asset is debated. While its fixed supply and digital nature offer some safe haven characteristics, its volatility and regulatory uncertainties make it a complex choice compared to traditional safe havens like gold. **What risks should Bitcoin investors consider in the context of the Fed's easing policy?** Investors should be aware of Bitcoin's volatility, regulatory changes, and its sensitivity to macroeconomic factors. Additionally, global economic conditions and actions by other central banks can also influence Bitcoin's market. **How does the economic backdrop influence Bitcoin's response to the Fed's policy?** Economic factors like GDP growth, inflation rates, and retail sales impact investor sentiment and risk appetite, which in turn can affect Bitcoin's market. A strong economy might reduce the appeal of risk assets like Bitcoin, while economic uncertainties can increase their attractiveness. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: @croxroadnews.co** **Instagram: @croxroadnews.co** **Youtube: @croxroadnews** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ 1cb14ab3:95d52462

**Dirt, body weight. [125' x 2']** *This project was exhibited in 2015 in Boulder, Colorado.* --- ### Artist Statement “A Line Made By Walking” (2015) is a site-specific piece created in Boulder, CO, where my body weight etched a temporary line into the earth. This work pays homage to Richard Long’s seminal 1967 piece, where a simple act of walking through the landscape left a profound trace. In my version, the line created by my movement forces the viewer to engage with the impermanence of human intervention on the land. The project prompts a reflection on the subtle yet lasting impacts we have on the environment, even through seemingly minimal actions. As part of my larger “[Rockway](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1708400183541/)” project, this case study explores the concept of ‘line’ in both literal and metaphorical ways. The line is not just a physical mark, but also a representation of time, movement, and the dialogue between the body and the land. Walking, in this context, becomes a way of marking time—an act that is as ephemeral as the mark it leaves behind. The work questions the tension between permanence and transience, asking the viewer to consider how we interact with the land, both intentionally and unknowingly, and how those interactions leave traces that may soon fade but never completely disappear. --- ### Photos        --- #### More Land Art: [Earth Lens Series](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1731091744332/) ["Looking Glass"](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1736304563962/) ["Het Bonhe"](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1720242458557/) ["Rockway"](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1708400183541/) ["Invasive"](https://hes.npub.pro/post/1719722211094/) --- #### More from Hes [Full Portfolio](https://hesart.npub.pro) [Online Store](https://plebeian.market/community/hes@nostrplebs.com/hesmart-ym3fcufdfz) [Artist Statements](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/art/) [Travel Guides](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/travel/) [Photography](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/photography) [Writings](https://hes.npub.pro/tag/money) --- *All images are credit of Hes, but you are free to download and use for any purpose. If you find joy from my art, please feel free to send a zap. Enjoy life on a Bitcoin standard.*

@ 20e7c953:3b8bcb21

Biggest takeaway? We needed more hands to cover key roles - something to improve for next time, if there is any! That said, the strongest point was the organic networking and building, which set this apart from more structured, commercial conferences. For future events - if any! - Hackathons will need dedicated time slots in the future, given the time constraints. The art side of things isn’t over yet—the exhibition will keep going for another month. The event started a bit messy, but the quality of people made it flow naturally, creating a unique and engaging atmosphere. Overall, a great experience, and we’ll keep iterating for the next one. We’ll send out a survey soon to gather more feedback. Huge thanks to our sponsors and media partners for making this happen - appreciate the support. On Communities: Lastly, while both commercial and less commercial events are needed there is something that doesn't beat Bitcoin Culture which are Bitcoin-only Meetups. If we are in a position to give some advice: Make sure you engage with your local community since people behind it are most likely the ones who can able to bootstrap new comers while keeping trust and accountability in place. Luckily today we have most tools to filter out those who are leeching off others PoW and the genuine ones trailblazing on their own terms. On our side definitely one of the biggest lessons learnt was to work with the local Communities for future events - regardless - this time we managed to get it done with our hands, will and not much else since *most* tools used have been FOSS and that's why we are here for ! With that said and while continuously gathering more feedback these coming days.... WHAT DID YOU ENJOYED THE MOST? ANYTHING YOU DISLIKED? **WHERE SHOULD WE HOST SATS N FACTS NEXT ?👀** SUGGESTIONS AND FEEDBACK MAILBOX IS OPEN 📬 Onwards 🫡

@ c582af78:698069cc

# **The Nine Orders of Angels: A Guide to the Celestial Hierarchy** When we think of angels, we often picture winged figures in flowing robes, guiding and protecting humanity. But the biblical and theological reality is far more complex—and often stranger—than these familiar depictions. The word *angel* comes from the Greek *angelos*, meaning “messenger,” but in scripture, angels serve a wide range of roles beyond delivering divine messages. Some are warriors wielding swords and leading celestial armies, others uphold the very throne of God, and some appear as multi-winged, multi-eyed beings beyond human comprehension. To bring order to this celestial realm, theologians—most notably Thomas Aquinas—classified angels into a hierarchy of **nine types**, divided into **three orders** based on their function and proximity to God. - **The lowest order** interacts with humanity. - **The middle order** governs spiritual and cosmic forces. - **The highest order** exists solely to serve and glorify God. Today, we explore these **nine ranks of angels**—from the familiar to the truly otherworldly. --- ## **I. The Third Order: Angels Who Interact with Humanity** *(The lowest tier of angels, closest to humans, acting as messengers and protectors.)* ### **1. Angels – The Messengers** https://image.nostr.build/b6462b67e14c8780896f465b664a521cdcdef7eb4b4314669b8d219aa36964c5.jpg These are the angels most commonly associated with divine guidance. According to Aquinas, every person has a **guardian angel**—an unseen protector guiding them through life. In *Genesis 28:12*, Jacob’s vision of a ladder stretching to Heaven shows angels ascending and descending, delivering messages and fulfilling divine commands. Some, like those who visited Abraham, even appeared as ordinary men, without wings or supernatural radiance. ### **2. Archangels – The Divine Enforcers** https://image.nostr.build/af8799efb61c5a64e958450bcd5aee55d2cade931cfc5ca7f0ae8745ccd4c45a.jpg Archangels carry out the most crucial missions in scripture. Gabriel announced the birth of Jesus to Mary, while Michael led the charge against Satan in the war for Heaven. Though only **Michael** is explicitly called an archangel in the Bible, tradition assigns this title to others, including **Raphael** and **Uriel**. Archangels serve as warriors and heralds, executing God’s most urgent decrees. ### **3. Principalities – Guardians of Nations** https://image.nostr.build/bc7cd78acb656be6c946da32244bfb9ecdfe9a7d1bd80e47eca764cae4a88b95.jpg Principalities oversee nations, cities, and communities, influencing their spiritual well-being. While they are not explicitly named in scripture, *Colossians 1:16* references “thrones, dominions, principalities, and powers.” Tradition suggests that Principalities guide earthly leaders, strengthening them in times of crisis—and perhaps even aiding biblical figures like King David in battle. --- ## **II. The Second Order: The Heavenly Governors** *(These angels reside in Heaven but influence earthly affairs, ensuring divine order is maintained.)* ### **4. Powers – The Celestial Warriors** https://image.nostr.build/1768abcbaefb2d1d21654a869b356d86a45d76a82197b9568528d4d4b9f0ef69.jpg Powers act as Heaven’s **military defenders**, guarding the spiritual realm from demonic forces. They are often depicted in armor, wielding weapons as they engage in cosmic battles. According to Christian tradition, Powers also **escort souls to Heaven**, ensuring their safe passage after death. Some believe that the battle between good and evil plays out, in part, through these celestial warriors. ### **5. Virtues – The Miracle Workers** https://image.nostr.build/b9a1e52f1dd4ef0f7e7dd198d81e7cd171eede8a64a40cac8176e12a5419aeba.jpg Virtues are associated with **miracles and nature**, regulating celestial phenomena and assisting in divine interventions. In Christian tradition, the two angels present at **Christ’s Ascension** are often considered Virtues, manifesting God’s power on Earth. ### **6. Dominions – The Angelic Rulers** https://image.nostr.build/0900d97bf545736e5edc1521f46a8afbf0e93fd81e472c88a56744ff0f56ce48.jpg Dominions do not typically interact with humans directly. Instead, they act as **commanders**, overseeing lower angels and ensuring divine order is maintained. They are described as serene, wise beings, often depicted holding golden staffs and orbs, symbolizing their authority and their close relationship with God. --- ## **III. The First Order: The Angels Closest to God** *(These angels exist solely to worship and serve God, residing in the highest realms of Heaven.)* ### **7. Thrones – The Wheels of God’s Chariot** https://image.nostr.build/d9f1e465129b138f4f960ee43ee9e06ceb3fd6f57e9658cd275e1ac1576b3c02.jpg Among the most mysterious angelic beings, Thrones are described in *Ezekiel’s vision* as **wheels covered in eyes, spinning within wheels**: > *“As I looked, I saw a wheel on the ground beside each creature with its four faces... Their rims were full of eyes all around. Wherever the spirit would go, they would go, because the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.”* > — *Ezekiel 1:15-21* Thrones serve as **God’s chariot**, supporting His throne and executing divine justice. Their strange, abstract form symbolizes stability and divine order. ### **8. Cherubim – The Guardians of Glory** https://image.nostr.build/e921ad4c32f56ebbb8f1bcb1ca2bc6eed1c736ec896429e008fc5b71cf2fd151.jpg Cherubim have been drastically misrepresented in art. Far from the **plump, childlike figures** seen in Renaissance paintings, the **biblical Cherubim** are **fearsome beings**. In *Ezekiel 10*, they are described as having **four faces**—a man, a lion, an ox, and an eagle—along with **four wings**. They also appear in *Genesis 3:24*, where they **guard the entrance to Eden with flaming swords** after Adam and Eve’s expulsion. https://image.nostr.build/f51286d4f35d9d6e85d8559600188ecc89a0969c3985814cae56cd230ea5db00.jpg Aquinas even suggested that **Satan himself was a fallen Cherub**. This theory is supported by *Ezekiel 28*, which describes an angelic being cast down from God’s presence: > *“You were anointed as a guardian cherub... You were blameless in your ways until wickedness was found in you... So I drove you in disgrace from the mount of God, and I expelled you, guardian cherub.”* > — *Ezekiel 28:14-17* ### **9. Seraphim – The Highest & Holiest** Seraphim stand **at the very throne of God**, continuously worshiping Him. In *Isaiah’s vision* (*Isaiah 6:1-7*), they are described as having **six wings**—two to fly, two to cover their feet, and two to cover their faces, symbolizing their humility before God. They sing: > **“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts; the whole earth is full of His glory.”** When Seraphim reappear in *Revelation*, their wings are now **covered in eyes**, representing divine omniscience. Their song shifts slightly: > *“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was and is and is to come!”* > — *Revelation 4:8* https://image.nostr.build/3495ccf6c0ba26b42d3e2b438ec19232cca148f6fbf29e5edd4129f5a198d05b.jpg Unlike other angelic beings, Seraphim do not interact with humans—they exist purely to **glorify God**. --- ## **“Be Not Afraid”** The angelic hierarchy provides a glimpse into the vast celestial order governing God’s universe. From the lowest messengers to the highest divine worshippers, each angelic being plays a unique role in the unfolding story of creation and salvation. Yet, despite their differences, there is one striking similarity across biblical encounters with angels: They often begin with a single phrase— **“Be not afraid.”**

@ 3ad01248:962d8a07

I feel like this is go to be a common phrase over the next four years. While I generally like most of the policies that he is in favor of, I for the life of me can't understand his position on Gaza. It sounds like nothing like the Trump for the campaign trail whatsoever. When he ran for president last year he ran on a platform of not starting any new wars. Having a US solider set foot in Gaza is a recipe for disaster and chaos. Sending in the military is not "America First". Gaza has no national security implication for the United States so obviously there is a different reason why President Trump is proposing this idea. We have to look at who funded his campaign to understand his motives by wanting to clear out Gaza and rebuild it like it some real estate deal. ## Miriam Adelson [Miriam Adelson the wife of late casino magnate Sheldon Adelson](https://www.timesofisrael.com/miriam-adelson-gives-100-million-to-trump-campaign-making-good-on-reported-pledge/) gave Trump $100 million to help get Trump elected. Mrs. Adelson is a pro-Israel and supports a variety of Jewish causes. $100 million buys you a lot of political favors if you ask me. Mrs. Adelson and her husband were the power behind the scene of the first Trump administration to get them to move the US embassy to Jerusalem. She also own the largest newspaper in Israel which means she has the ability to impact public opinion inside the country. As you can see this is person with a tremendous amount money and social capital to spend and she is undoubtedly using it to get Trump to purge Gaza of the native Palestinians. Who else is in Trump's ear that influence him to come up with crazy idea? ### Jared Kushner We all know that Trump values family and loyalty above all else so it is no surprise that Trump would listen to someone in his family for guidance on what to do in Gaza. Jared Kushner is that guy for Trump. As the son-in-law of is favorite daughter you can bet that he is going to listen to what he has to say. Funny you listen to Trump and I swear that you hear Jared come out of his mouth. Back in March 2024 Kushner suggest the very idea that Trump is talking about right now! Almost verbatim to be honest. Here is a link to a talk where Kushner laid out what he thought should happen to Gaza and the Palestinians. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nneWrllngAU When you listen to it, you see that Trump basically took this idea from Kushner and made it his own. Who is exactly is running the show in the White House? Trump seems to be doing the bidding of everyone else except the American people. Who else is Trump listening to on the Gaza issue? #### Bibi Netanyahu/Israeli Far-Right Last but not least is the persons behind all the death and mayhem in Gaza. Trump absolutely sides with the Israeli narrative spun by Bibi Netanyahu and the Israeli far right characters such as Itamar Ben-Gvir and Bezalel Smotrich. This trio have a distinct hatred of Palestinians and do not want to see the creation of a Palestinian state. They want to see occupied West Bank annexed by Israel and all of the Palestinians there to leave or be subjugated to Israeli rule. Just take a look at the worldview of these people and they have power within the halls of the Israeli government. https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Politics-And-Diplomacy/Bayit-Yehudi-MK-causes-uproar-by-saying-God-commanded-Jews-not-to-sell-homes-to-Arabs-409241 https://hashiloach.org.il/israels-decisive-plan/ https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN0MC1I7/ When you have this world view how is peace even possible? It's not because they don't want peace and quite frankly I don't know if its possible at this point. Israelis and Palestinians have diametrically opposing views of what the land should be. Israeli believe that the land should be exclusively governed by Jewish people whereas the Palestinian view from what I understand just want to return to the lands they were kicked out from and deal with governance later. There are elements on both side that want this conflict to go on forever because it gives the outsized power, namely Hamas on the Palestinian side and the Israeli Far Right on the Jewish side. I would guess that a majority of people in the middle would have no problem living side by side with each other as long as rights and freedoms were respected. A one state solution looks like the most reasonable solution to me but the odds of that happening are slim to none right now. President Trump has the power to change the middle east for the better if he had the backbone do to what is right but it looks like he is going to listen to people the want war, genocide and ethnic cleansing.

@ 21ffd29c:518a8ff5

**Introduction:** Self sovereignty is a pivotal concept in understanding personal autonomy across various ideologies, including, libertarianism, socialism and individualism. This article explores how the statement "I own myself" by the Ole Voyager in the 1600's encapsulates this principle, emphasizing empowerment and self-management. **Article:** - **What is Self Sovereignty?** - **Definition:** It refers to the ability of an individual or group to govern themselves without external imposition. - **Core Principles:** - Autonomy: The right to manage one's own affairs independently. - Equality: Recognition of equal rights and responsibilities among individuals. - **Historical Context:** Rooted in ideas from liberalism, socialism, and feminism, advocating for personal freedom and equality. - **The Significance of 'I Own Myself'** - **Statement Explanation:** The Ole Voyager's quote highlights personal ownership over one's life, values, and destiny. - **Contrast with Traditional Views:** Shifts from societal control to individual responsibility, advocating for personal agency. - **Implications:** Encourages owning health, relationships, knowledge, and cultural identity, promoting a holistic view of self-worth. **Conclusion:** Understanding self sovereignty through the Ole Voyager's statement is crucial. It empowers individuals by asserting their right to manage their lives autonomously. This concept not only enhances personal freedom but also challenges societal structures, fostering inclusive governance that respects individual rights and equality. Not everyone has the capacity to be a sovereign and self govern themselves. Some are quite content to be told what to do and how to do it. Others are very happy to be on the dole and get free things in exchange for trinkets. This empowerment can lead to more equitable societies where individuals thrive within their own means, emphasizing empowerment and collective responsibility.

@ 30b99916:3cc6e3fe

## Upgrade Details Download current release and manifest files ```shell Navigate to https://github.com/getAlby/hub/releases/tag/v1.13.0/ Download albyhub-Server-Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 manifest.txt manifext.txt.asc Copy the downloaded files to $HOME mv $HOME/Downloads/albyhub-Server-Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 $HOME mv $HOME/Downloads/manifest.txt $HOME mv $HOME/Downloads/manifest.txt.asc $HOME ``` Verify manifest signature & Checksum ```sh Only need to import once curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/getalby/hub/master/scripts/keys/rolznz.asc | gpg --import gpg --verify manifest.txt.asc manifest.txt gpg: Signature made Tue 07 Jan 2025 08:56:42 PM PST gpg: using RSA key 5D92185938E6DBF893DCCC5BA5EABD8835092B08 gpg: Good signature from "Roland Bewick <roland.bewick@gmail.com>" [unknown] gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. Primary key fingerprint: 5D92 1859 38E6 DBF8 93DC CC5B A5EA BD88 3509 2B08 shasum -a 256 server-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 a75c03d241921611dfc428c413c4a2c2cef35bc6d1974839b688ef462604058d server-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 The above checksum should be referenced in the manifest.txt file cat manifest.txt ``` Stop AlbyHub & Backup existing data directory & Binaries ```shell systemctl stop albyhub cp -r $HOME/.local/share/albyhub /media/veracrypt1/albyhub cp $HOME/bin/albyhub $HOME/bin/albyhub172 cp -r $HOME/lib $HOME/lib172 ``` Extract new release Binaries & Start AlbyHub ```sh tar -xvjf albyhub-Server-Linux-x86_64.tar.bz2 ./ ./lib/ ./lib/libglalby_bindings.so ./lib/libldk_node.so ./lib/libbreez_sdk_bindings.so ./bin/ ./bin/albyhub systemctl start albyhub ``` Navigate to http://localhost:9090

@ dbb19ae0:c3f22d5a

This code below works with nostr_sdk 0.32.2 ``` python import asyncio, argparse, json from nostr_sdk import Metadata, Client, NostrSigner, Keys, Filter, PublicKey, Kind from datetime import timedelta async def main(npub): client = Client() await client.add_relay("wss://relay.damus.io") await client.connect() pk = PublicKey.from_bech32(npub) print(f"Getting profile metadata for {npub}:") f = Filter().kind(Kind(0)).author(pk).limit(1) events = await client.get_events_of([f], timedelta(seconds=15)) if events: event = events[0] metadata_dict = json.loads(event.content()) for key, value in metadata_dict.items(): print(f"{key}: {value}") else: print("Could not retrieve metadata for the given public key.") if __name__ == '__main__': parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Fetch all metadata for a given npub') parser.add_argument('npub', type=str, help='The npub of the user') args = parser.parse_args() asyncio.run(main(args.npub)) ``` but with nostr_sdk 0.39 the program no longer worked and crash with error: ``` AttributeError: type object 'PublicKey' has no attribute 'from_bech32'. Did you mean: 'to_bech32'? ``` why? --- source: - https://github.com/ev3rst/nostr_sdk_examples - https://alashazam.wordpress.com/2024/07/07/python-nostr_sdk-fetching-all-metadata/

@ 18e3af1e:1d42e5df

Las comunidades son creadas mediante el esfuerzo de no solo un individuo, sino al trabajo de docenas; cientos o miles de personas. Mediante la especialización, como especie, logramos entender que: el saber hacer una sola cosa no significa morir de hambre, o no estar bien preparado para un ataque; por lo contrario, el dominio o maestría de una sola cosa... Puede crear una civilización entera. Permitirnos un enfoque certero para aprender, dominar y amaestrar nuestras actividades en un periodo de tiempo finito, permitió nuestro avance hacia nuevos campos, de hecho, movió nuestra meta en magnitud tal, que al imaginar el pasado (para muchos) parece mas bien una película cómica y sombría. Hoy en día, en un mundo regido por individualismo en el reino físico, la manifestación de constructores de comunidades sigue presente en el (reino) digital. ### La evolución de la construcción A lo largo de la historia de la humanidad, la construcción ha evolucionado desde simples refugios hasta monumentos arquitectónicos y estructuras vanguardistas. Los primeros humanos crearon refugios rudimentarios con materiales naturales. Con la civilización, surgieron las primeras estructuras permanentes, como pirámides y templos, reflejando la organización social y creencias religiosas. La antigua Roma introdujo la innovación en la ingeniería con acueductos y arcos. La Edad Media vio fortificaciones y catedrales góticas que fusionaban espiritualidad y técnica. El Renacimiento abrazó la proporción y la simetría en palacios y edificios renombrados. La Revolución Industrial marcó un cambio radical con el acero y el hormigón, permitiendo rascacielos y puentes icónicos. El siglo XX trajo consigo la era de los rascacielos y la arquitectura modernista, desafiando límites estructurales y estéticos. La sostenibilidad ganó importancia en el siglo XXI, impulsando la incorporación de tecnologías avanzadas, como la impresión 3D y la construcción modular. La historia de la construcción es un testimonio de la creatividad y la adaptabilidad humanas, reflejando no solo avances técnicos, sino también valores culturales y aspiraciones. En el día hoy, los desarrolladores de software y tecnología podrían considerarse como los constructores del próximo siglo. Al igual que los constructores en otras épocas históricas, los desarrolladores de software son responsables de crear estructuras digitales que moldean la forma en que interactuamos, comunicamos y vivimos en el mundo moderno. A medida que la tecnología continúa avanzando y la sociedad se vuelve cada vez más digital, el papel de los desarrolladores de software se vuelve crucial en la construcción de soluciones tecnológicas que abordan una amplia gama de desafíos. Así como los arquitectos y constructores antiguos debían entender la física, la estética y las necesidades humanas para diseñar y construir edificios funcionales y atractivos, los desarrolladores de software deben comprender la lógica de programación, la experiencia del usuario, la seguridad cibernética y la innovación tecnológica para crear aplicaciones, sistemas y plataformas que sean útiles y efectivos. ### Individuos que inspiran La inspiración individual es un poderoso motor de cambio que puede tener un impacto significativo en la mente colectiva de una comunidad o sociedad. Cuando una persona demuestra pasión, determinación y una visión positiva, puede influir en otros a nivel emocional y cognitivo. Aquí hay algunas formas en que la inspiración individual afecta a la mente colectiva: La gente puede verse reflejada en las luchas y logros de alguien más, lo que crea un sentido de unidad y comunidad. Esto puede generar un mayor apoyo y solidaridad en torno a ciertas causas o valores. Además, la inspiración individual puede llevar a la acción. Cuando las personas son testigos de un individuo que supera obstáculos o logra metas desafiantes, esto puede motivar a otros a enfrentar sus propios desafíos y trabajar hacia sus objetivos. El ejemplo de una sola persona puede encender la chispa de la acción en muchas más. La inspiración individual puede tener un efecto multiplicador. Cuando una persona inspirada comparte su historia o experiencia, puede inspirar a otros, creando una cadena de influencia que se extiende a través de redes sociales, comunidades y sociedades enteras. Esto puede tener un impacto a gran escala en la mente colectiva. El individuo inspirador tiene el potencial de influir profundamente en la mente colectiva al cambiar percepciones, motivar la acción y crear una sensación de comunidad y unidad. ### Comunidades: origen, inicios y progreso. Las comunidades han sido una parte fundamental de la experiencia humana a lo largo de la historia. Desde los primeros tiempos hasta la era moderna, las comunidades han evolucionado y cambiado en respuesta a las necesidades, avances tecnológicos y contextos culturales. Desde los primeros días de la humanidad, nuestros antepasados se agruparon en pequeñas comunidades para sobrevivir. Estas comunidades eran grupos familiares o tribus que compartían recursos y conocimientos para cazar, recolectar alimentos y protegerse de los peligros. La cooperación y la solidaridad eran esenciales para la supervivencia. Con el desarrollo de la agricultura, las comunidades evolucionaron hacia asentamientos más permanentes. La capacidad de cultivar alimentos permitió la formación de aldeas y pueblos, donde la gente podía establecerse y construir relaciones más complejas. Esto llevó al surgimiento de una división del trabajo más especializada y al desarrollo de habilidades artesanales. Las civilizaciones antiguas, como la sumeria, egipcia, griega y romana, dieron paso a la formación de ciudades y sociedades más organizadas. Las comunidades se convirtieron en centros de comercio, gobierno y cultura. Se construyeron estructuras monumentales, como templos y palacios, que unificaron a las personas en torno a creencias religiosas y sistemas políticos. Durante la Edad Media, las comunidades se organizaron en torno a sistemas feudales. Los señores feudales gobernaban sobre las tierras y las personas locales. Las aldeas y feudos eran autónomos en gran medida y se centraban en la agricultura y la autosuficiencia. La Revolución Industrial marcó un cambio importante en la estructura de las comunidades. La industrialización dio lugar a la urbanización, con muchas personas dejando las zonas rurales para trabajar en fábricas en las ciudades. En la era moderna, las comunidades han continuado evolucionando con avances tecnológicos y la globalización. Las redes sociales y las comunicaciones digitales han conectado a personas de todo el mundo, creando comunidades virtuales en línea. ### Bitcoin | Nostr y la chispa del constructor Como ya vimos, un solo individuo puede inspirar a muchos otros, teniendo un efecto multiplicador. Esto no solo se traduce al mundo físico, por el contrario, esta directamente ligado a nuestra psicología, incluso podemos decir que va aun mas allá, adentrándonos en el terreno ideológico y espiritual. Hasta hace no mucho, estábamos a merced de las grandes corporaciones que construían todo por nosotros, mientras esperábamos con ansias las nuevas actualizaciones de cada iteración de sus productos. Cada vez mas y mas nos hacíamos dependientes de dichas corporaciones sin quizás notarlo, poco a poco se fueron apoderando de nuestro tiempo y muy insidiosamente de nuestra personalidad e identidad. Gracias a las alternativas presentadas hoy en día y a los individuos que inspiran a otros, existe la posibilidad de construir algo que va mas allá de las grandes corporaciones, porque transciende no solo el nivel físico y digital, sino que también transciende a los individuos que aportan a la comunidad. Estoy hablando por supuesto de Nostr, y como los incentivos están alineados gracias a Bitcoin. Pongamos como ejemplo un par de nombres para ilustrar como individuos que inspirar pueden crear una chispa que se extiende a cada persona dentro de la comunidad. Personajes como nostr:npub1l2vyh47mk2p0qlsku7hg0vn29faehy9hy34ygaclpn66ukqp3afqutajft nostr:npub1utx00neqgqln72j22kej3ux7803c2k986henvvha4thuwfkper4s7r50e8 nostr:npub1v0lxxxxutpvrelsksy8cdhgfux9l6a42hsj2qzquu2zk7vc9qnkszrqj49 nostr:npub107jk7htfv243u0x5ynn43scq9wrxtaasmrwwa8lfu2ydwag6cx2quqncxg (entre muchos otros que podría mencionar pero todo el articulo seria una lista de nombres) han inspirado a otros desarrolladores, creadores de contenido (y todas las otras especializaciones que te puedas imaginar…) A construir sobre este protocolo. Incluso, personas como el caso mas reciente de nostr:npub1m64hnkh6rs47fd9x6wk2zdtmdj4qkazt734d22d94ery9zzhne5qw9uaks han encontrado inspiración para aprender a programar sobre estos mismos rieles. > nostr:nevent1qqs8fe938k7j5sxcprrv89ezpu09m9pzm90f0sq24hnwlwu0rmn09qcpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxg5vtygh La chispa del constructor en palabras mas concisas es: **Inspiración multiplicadora en pos de la productividad y por ende, del crecimiento de una comunidad.** Sin Bitcoin y Lightning Network, esto seria posible, pero mucho menos efectivo debido a que las personas detrás de toda labor que este enfocada en creación de contenido, desarrollo, etc. Tienen que comer. ### Conclusión La chispa del constructor radica en la inspiración individual que impulsa a la acción colectiva. Desde la evolución de la construcción hasta las comunidades digitales, **el poder de un individuo inspirado puede moldear el presente y el futuro de las comunidades en todo el mundo.**

@ 89ccea93:df4e00b7

**[Original Post](https://expatriotic.me/grapheneos/)** ## Core Philosophy 1. **Privacy ≠ Optional**: Prevents mass data collection by design 2. **Security > Convenience**: Sacrifices "smart" features for exploit resistance 3. **Transparency**: Every line of code [auditable](https://github.com/GrapheneOS) 4. **Device Sanity**: Removes 2M+ lines of Google telemetry code 5. **Proactive Hardening**: Replaces reactive "vulnerability whack-a-mole" with systemic memory safety improvements. 73% of Android CVEs prevented via Scudo++ allocator and Rust integration. 6. **Hardware Paradox**: Uses Google Pixels *because* of their Titan M2 secure enclave (physically separate from main CPU, Verified Boot with user-defined root of trust, Firmware-level MAC randomization (prevents Wi-Fi tracking)). 7. **Support Superiority**: GrapheneOS support for Pixel phones is 2 years longer Google's. > *"We're eliminating entire vulnerability classes - not just patching holes."* ## **History** * Born in **2014** as **CopperheadOS** * **2016**: First Pixel support (Google's hardware + de-Googled OS) * Rebranded in **2019** after a developer split. Focuses exclusively on Pixel phones. * **2021**: **Scudo++** with quarantines (NSA-grade exploit mitigation) * **2023**: Full Rust integration (prevents buffer overflows in core OS) * **2023**: Controversial lead dev, Daniel Micay, stepped down but remains director * **2024**: Quantum-resistant encryption prototypes > *"Our Auditor app detects hardware tampering better than Apple's T2 chip."* ## **Installation** * **Minimum**: Pixel 4a * **Recommended**: Pixel 7a (5-year update guarantee) * **Backup data first**: unlocking bootloader wipes device ### **Beginners: Web Installer** 1. Enable OEM Unlock: `Settings → About → Tap Build Number 7x → Developer Options → OEM Unlocking` 2. Visit [grapheneos.org/install](https://grapheneos.org/install) 3. Connect phone → Follow prompts (20 minutes) ### **Advanced: CLI install** * Full CLI guide: [grapheneos.org/install/cli](https://grapheneos.org/install/cli) (8 minutes) >*"We're proving iPhones aren't the only secure option - just better marketed."* ### **Post-Install Checklist** [ ] Deny all "convenience" permissions [ ] Enable Sensors Off toggle [ ] Install Auditor app [ ] Sensors Killswitch: `Quick Settings → Toggle Off` [ ] Network Restrictions: ```markdown Settings → Network & Internet → Firewall - Enable per-connection MAC randomization - Block local network discovery ``` [ ] Auditor Validation: Daily automated checks against Google's hardware certs ## Setting up ### **Priority Sources** 1. **Accrescent** (Pre-installed) - Molly (Signal fork) - Aves Gallery (EXIF stripping) - AppVerifier (APK validation) 2. **Obtainium** ([GitHub](https://github.com/ImranR98/Obtainium)) ```markdown 1. Search "[App] GitHub releases" 2. Copy releases page URL 3. Paste into Obtainium → Auto-updates enabled ``` - *Example*: NewPipe → `https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe/releases` 3. **Google Play** (Last Resort) - Use separate profile - Burner account: Fake name + **NO phone number** ## FOSS Apps * Accrescent - Privacy-focused app store * Aegis - 2FA authenticator * Amethyst - Nostr decentralized social client * AndBible - Offline Bible study * Antennapod - Podcast manager * AppVerifier - APK signature validation * Ashigaru - Bitcoin wallet with Ricochet * Aves Gallery - Gallery with EXIF stripping * Brave - Anti-fingerprinting browser * Easy Noise - Offline white noise generator * Easy Note - Minimalist notes * Envoy - Bitcoin wallet * IronFox - Hardened Firefox fork * KeePassDX - Offline password manager * Léon - URL tracking stripper * LocalSend - AirDrop alternative * Material Files - File manager * Molly - Signal fork with local encyption * Monero.com - Official Monero wallet * NetGuard - No-root firewall * NewPipe - YouTube client with SponsorBlock * Nextcloud - Self-hosted cloud suite * OpenKeychain - PGP encryption * Organic Maps - Offline navigation * Orbot - Tor proxy * Proton Drive - E2E encrypted storage * Proton Mail - Zero-access email * RedReader - Privacy-first Reddit client * Simple Calendar Pro - Telemetry-free calendar * Telegram FOSS - Decentralized messaging * Tor Browser - Onion-routed browsing * Twidere - Twitter/Fediverse client * Tuta - Encrypted email * Tuta Calendar - Encrypted calendar * Vanadium - Hardened Chromium * Zeus - Bitcoin Lightning node > _"Your phone is a corporate surveillance device that happens to make calls. GrapheneOS removes the spyware OS while keeping the secure hardware."_ ## **Silent.Link eSIM: Anonymous Connectivity** **No Phone Number Required** Visit [Silent.Link](https://silent.link) → Select data plus eSIM plan (with NO phone number). ```I've used this successfully in many countries. It even gives me unfettered and free internet in China. Be sure to pick the telecom company based on what they charge per GB of data. The difference can be 100x!``` ## Support the Project: - **Donate**: [grapheneos.org/donate](https://grapheneos.org/donate) - **Community**: [grapheneos.org/contact](https://grapheneos.org/contact) >*"GrapheneOS isn't about becoming a privacy expert overnight. It's about systematically removing corporate surveillance hooks - one app, one permission, one profile at a time."* ## Moar Halp * **[Side Of Burritos](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLHvdaysg3bMyYwJAcxbFUY9YqKKC0Dtrd)** * **[Hated One interview with GrapheneOS dev Gabe](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WkQ_OCzuLNg)** originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884965

@ dbb19ae0:c3f22d5a

pip cache will show how much space is taken from past download ``` bash (nostr) ever3st@Alashazam:~/Documents/dev/python/$ pip cache info Package index page cache location: /home/ever3st/.cache/pip/http Package index page cache size: 2437.7 MB Number of HTTP files: 271 Wheels location: /home/ever3st/.cache/pip/wheels Wheels size: 2.2 MB Number of wheels: 2 ``` About 2GB if space is needed it can be cleared ``` bash (nostr) ever3st@Alashazam:~/Documents/dev/python/$ pip cache purge Files removed: 273 (nostr) ever3st@Alashazam:~/Documents/dev/python/bots/nostr$ pip cache info Package index page cache location: /home/ever3st/.cache/pip/http Package index page cache size: 0 bytes Number of HTTP files: 0 Wheels location: /home/ever3st/.cache/pip/wheels Wheels size: 326 bytes Number of wheels: 0 ```

@ c582af78:698069cc

## **How to Be Happy: Aristotle’s Blueprint for a Flourishing Life** Everyone wants happiness. The problem? Most people don’t actually know what happiness is. Ask someone what would make them happy, and they’ll likely mention wealth, pleasure, success, or recognition. Over 2,000 years ago, Aristotle heard the same answers—and he rejected them. According to Aristotle, happiness isn’t something you *have*, but something you *do*. True happiness—what he called *eudaimonia*—isn’t about fleeting pleasures or external rewards. It’s about living well, cultivating virtue, and engaging deeply in life’s highest pursuits. So, what’s Aristotle’s formula for happiness? It comes down to three essential steps. --- ### **The False Paths to Happiness** Aristotle observed that most people chase happiness in three common ways: **wealth, pleasure, and honor**. While each has its appeal, none can sustain true fulfillment. Take **wealth**, for example. Money provides security and opportunity, but it doesn’t guarantee satisfaction. Aristotle noted that many people who seek wealth become obsessed with accumulating it rather than using it wisely. The result? An endless chase with no real contentment. **Pleasure** is even trickier. Aristotle acknowledged that pleasure is a natural good, but he warned against making it life’s ultimate goal. Living only for pleasure leads to a cycle of chasing temporary highs without ever achieving deeper fulfillment. As Aristotle put it, this is the life of *“fatted cattle”*—comfortable, but lacking excellence. Then there’s **honor**. Recognition feels good, but it depends on the approval of others. If you live solely for status, you risk valuing recognition over real achievement. Honor for its own sake is empty unless it’s tied to genuine virtue. **Aristotle’s conclusion?** These paths don’t lead to true happiness. They are distractions, not destinations. --- ### **The True Meaning of Happiness** If wealth, pleasure, and honor aren’t enough, then what *is* happiness? To answer that, we need to understand Aristotle’s term *eudaimonia*. Unlike our modern idea of happiness as a feeling, *eudaimonia* means **flourishing**—a life of purpose, virtue, and excellence. The key difference is that **wealth, pleasure, and honor are passive**—they happen *to* you. But *eudaimonia* is **active**—it’s something you cultivate through action. In his *Nicomachean Ethics*, Aristotle defines happiness as *“the activity of the soul in accordance with virtue.”* It’s not a prize to be won, but a way of living. A great example comes from sports. A skilled athlete doesn’t just sit around feeling happy—his joy comes from being *in motion*: training, competing, improving, and fully engaging in his craft. For Aristotle, happiness works the same way. It comes from actively developing your best qualities, not passively indulging in comfort. But how do you put this into practice? --- ## **Aristotle’s 3-Step Blueprint for a Good Life** Aristotle’s guide to happiness is surprisingly practical. Here’s how to apply it: ### **1. Cultivate Virtue Through Habit** Virtue isn’t something you’re born with—it’s something you practice. Just as an athlete trains for competition, you develop virtue by repeatedly choosing good actions. Courage, patience, and wisdom don’t just appear; they become part of you through habit. As Aristotle famously said: > **“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.”** Want to be generous? **Give more often.** Want to be disciplined? **Practice restraint.** Over time, these actions shape your character—and character shapes happiness. ### **2. Engage Fully in Meaningful Work** Happiness isn’t found in passivity, but in action. Aristotle believed that true fulfillment comes from using your talents to their fullest extent. This applies to everything from philosophy to craftsmanship to leadership. The key is **engagement**. Think of the satisfaction a musician feels while playing at their best, or the pride of a craftsman perfecting their work. These moments—where skill, effort, and purpose align—are true happiness in action. Contrary to popular belief, happiness isn’t about doing less. **It’s about doing the right things, with full commitment.** ### **3. Seek the Right Kind of Pleasure** Aristotle didn’t reject pleasure—he just emphasized choosing the *right* kind. Lower pleasures—like eating, drinking, or binge-watching TV—may feel good in the moment but often leave you feeling empty afterward. Higher pleasures—such as learning, mastering a craft, or cultivating meaningful relationships—lead to lasting fulfillment. The goal isn’t to reject pleasure, but to **align it with virtue**. Instead of chasing immediate gratification, seek pleasures that contribute to long-term flourishing. --- ## **Happiness as a Way of Life** It’s important to understand that happiness isn’t a destination—it’s a **practice**. It’s something cultivated daily by engaging in meaningful work, growing in virtue, and living with purpose. But most importantly, **happiness isn’t about what happens to you—it’s about who you become**. By cultivating *eudaimonia*, you change the essence of your being—just as a farmer who nurtures his crops becomes stronger through his labor. True happiness isn’t a fleeting emotion, but the natural result of a life well lived. The more you nurture virtue through action, the more deeply happiness takes root—until it becomes not just something you seek, but something you embody.

@ ec42c765:328c0600

test test

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers! This week, we highlight how authoritarian regimes are manipulating digital assets. The Central African Republic launched a government-backed meme coin that crashed spectacularly within a day of launch as regime insiders cashed out for profits, leaving the public with worthless tokens. Meanwhile, the Nigerian regime introduced its first official stablecoin, cNGN. It is issued by the African Stablecoin Consortium and is backed 1:1 with the naira. Still, it operates under the direct oversight of the Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission, allowing further surveillance of Nigerians’ financial activity alongside the struggling eNaira CBDC. On the freedom tech front, Mullad VPN now supports Bitcoin payments via the Lightning Network, offering activists, journalists, and individuals under oppressive regimes a censorship-resistant and permissionless way to pay for their privacy. Additionally, SeedSigner, an open-source hardware wallet for Bitcoin self-custody, rolled out multilingual support, expanding accessibility to Spanish-speaking activists and human rights defenders.\ \ Finally, journalist Frank Corva explores Africa’s grassroots Bitcoin movement, where open-source tools and circular economies are empowering communities inside authoritarian regimes with financial freedom. For those who doubt Bitcoin’s real-world impact, this article is a must-read. **Now, let’s get right to it!** ### [**Subscribe Here**](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a) ## **GLOBAL NEWS** #### **Central African Republic | Launches Meme Coin Experiment** The Central African Republic (CAR) [debuted](https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/central-african-republic-debuts-meme-coin-experiment-2025-02-10/) a government-backed meme coin, $CAR, which President Faustin-Archange Touadéra [claims](https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/central-african-republic-debuts-meme-coin-experiment-2025-02-10/) will “unite people” and “support national development.” In reality, meme coins are speculative assets that often serve as vehicles for insider profit. This scheme follows CAR’s failed [Sango Coin](https://www.mariblock.com/central-african-republic-top-court-rules-sango-coin-unconstitutional/) project, which promised citizenship and land in exchange for [locked](https://www.mariblock.com/central-african-republic-top-court-rules-sango-coin-unconstitutional/) investments but sold only 7.5% of its supply. Those who did “buy in” did not receive what was promised. In 2022, CAR briefly made Bitcoin legal tender, calling it a path to sovereignty — only to [abandon](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/why-bitcoin-failed-in-car) it shortly after. Instead of supporting open and neutral money like Bitcoin, the government has turned to dubious crypto schemes. The real beneficiaries of $CAR appear to be regime insiders who reportedly cashed out [$40 million](https://x.com/bored2boar/status/1889002901370196098) while the public holds [worthless](https://decrypt.co/305225/central-african-republic-president-meme-coin) tokens. #### **Nigeria | Debuts Naira Stablecoin** The Nigerian state [launched](https://www.mariblock.com/move-over-enaira-cngn-enters-the-chat-2/) its first regulated stablecoin, [cNGN](https://cngn.co/?ref=mariblock.com). Similar to US dollar-pegged stablecoins like USDT and USDC, cNGN is pegged 1:1 to its local currency (the naira). It is issued by the African Stablecoin Consortium (ASC), a private coalition of Nigerian financial institutions and blockchain companies. Positioned as a bridge between fiat and digital assets, cNGN aims to facilitate remittances and trade but comes with strict verification requirements that limit financial privacy. The Nigerian SEC also tightly regulates the stablecoin and it is only available on government-approved exchanges, Busha and Quidax. As Nigeria expands its control over digital transactions — through both cNGN and its struggling [eNaira CBDC](https://cbdctracker.hrf.org/currency/nigeria) — more and more Nigerians are [turning](https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2024/01/08/central-bank-of-nigeria-approves-naira-stablecoin-for-2024-launch/) to Bitcoin as a censorship-resistant alternative. #### **Russia | Proposes Registry to Track Bitcoin Mining Hardware** Russia’s deputy energy minister, Yevgeny Grabchak, has [proposed](https://theminermag.com/news/2025-02-03/russia-minister-bitcoin-miner/) a centralized registry of Bitcoin mining equipment and wallet addresses to “identify mining activities and ensure stricter enforcement of bans in restricted regions,” such as Russian-occupied Ukraine territories. Meanwhile, the Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Energy, Nikolai Shulginov, warned that last year’s mining ban in several Russian and occupied regions may not be enough to eliminate mining fully. As an authoritarian state with an egregious human rights record and a long history of financial repression, Russia appears intent on tightening surveillance of economic activity — especially that of Bitcoin. By registering, tracking, and restricting mining, the Kremlin expands its financial control, undermines economic autonomy, and limits access to permissionless money. #### **Turkey | Erdoğan Targets Opposition as Inflation Forecast Rises** Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan sentenced Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu — a key political rival — to [seven](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-02-05/turkey-s-main-rival-to-erdogan-faces-jail-time-in-new-indictment) years in prison on charges widely seen as politically motivated. If upheld, the conviction will bar Imamoglu from office, further clearing Erdoğan’s path to dominance ahead of the 2028 elections. At the same time, Turkey’s economic crisis is worsening. [Accelerating inflation](https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/turkey-cenbank-raises-inflation-forecast-says-not-autopilot-with-cuts-2025-02-07/) forced the central bank to raise its 2025 forecast from 21% to 24%, exacerbating the lira’s decline and eroding purchasing power. As both political and financial repression deepen, more Turks are turning to alternatives to sidestep Erdoğan’s expanding control over the economic and political sphere. #### **Georgia | Regime to Pass Censorship Law** Georgia’s ruling Georgian Dream party is set to introduce a media censorship [law](https://jam-news.net/georgian-dream-plans-to-pass-media-censorship-law/) aimed at enforcing government-defined standards for journalistic objectivity and ethics, while also restricting foreign funding for media outlets. MP Mamuka Mdinaradze [claims](https://jam-news.net/ngos-and-media-organizations-of-georgia-to-challenge-the-foreign-agents-law-in-strasbourg-court/) the law will establish monitoring mechanisms and is modeled after UK regulations, though critics [compare](https://jam-news.net/opinion-ivanishvili-adopts-belarusian-tactics-to-control-protests/) it to Belarusian-style repression. Georgian Dream Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze defended the move as necessary to close legislative “loopholes” and strengthen state control. Journalists and activists warn that the law is part of a broader crackdown on press freedom and dissent. Decentralized social networks like Nostr will become increasingly vital for journalists and activists to communicate freely, resist censorship, and ensure the flow of independent information. \___________________________________________________________\_ #### **Webinar Series for Nonprofits: Become Unstoppable** HRF will host a [free, three-day webinar](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf0sjqwSFQo8HGMsWIIDRyhx34TsoonOSTfYoWSy-aaBbLeSw/viewform) from March 17-19, teaching human rights defenders and nonprofits how to use Bitcoin to counter state censorship and confiscation. Sessions run daily from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. EDT and are beginner-friendly. The webinar will be led by Anna Chekhovich, HRF’s Bitcoin nonprofit adoption lead and financial manager at Alexei Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Foundation. ### [Register Here](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf0sjqwSFQo8HGMsWIIDRyhx34TsoonOSTfYoWSy-aaBbLeSw/viewform) #### **SXSW | The Human Rights Risks of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)** Join HRF at [SXSW 2025](https://www.sxsw.com/) in Austin from March 9-12 to explore how CBDCs threaten financial freedom. Experts [Roger Huang](https://x.com/Rogerh1991), [Charlene Fadirepo](https://x.com/CharFadirepo), and [Nick Anthony](https://x.com/EconWithNick) will discuss how authoritarian regimes use CBDCs for surveillance and control on March 9. Attendees can also visit HRF’s [CBDC Tracker](https://cbdctracker.hrf.org/) booth to explore an interactive map of CBDC developments worldwide. ### [Get Tickets](https://www.sxsw.com/conference/) \___________________________________________________________\_ ## BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS #### **Mullvad VPN | Testing Lightning Network Payments** [Mullvad VPN](https://mullvad.net/en) is experimenting with Bitcoin for payments via the Lightning Network, a second-layer payment protocol built on Bitcoin that enables faster, cheaper, and more private transactions. This integration lets Mullvad VPN users pay for their services in bitcoin while enhancing their privacy and bypassing payment networks that track or censor financial activity. VPNs protect users by masking IP addresses and encrypting traffic. Accepting Bitcoin over Lightning strengthens this protection with a censorship-resistant payment option. For activists, journalists, and individuals in authoritarian regimes, this combination provides a shield against surveillance. #### **SeedSigner | Releases Multilingual Support** [SeedSigner](https://seedsigner.com/), an open-source and customizable Bitcoin hardware wallet and HRF grantee, [introduced](https://github.com/SeedSigner/seedsigner/releases/tag/0.8.5) multilingual support for Spanish. This update makes secure Bitcoin self-custody more accessible to Spanish-speaking activists and human rights defenders who may rely on Bitcoin for transactional freedom. By expanding access to secure self-custody, SeedSigner helps reduce dependence on restrictive financial systems and allows more people in Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba, and beyond to “be their own bank.” #### **Iris | Implements Private Bitcoin Payments with Cashu** [Iris](https://iris.cx/), a Nostr client, has added support for a Cashu wallet to allow users to send and receive ecash. Cashu is an open-source Chaumian ecash protocol built for Bitcoin and integrated with the Lightning Network. It lets users make fast, low-cost, and extremely private transactions using Bitcoin-backed ecash. While it requires a trusted custodian, it helps users spend Bitcoin anonymously without revealing their identity or transaction activity. This ability provides activists and nonprofits a different way to make private Bitcoin payments alongside nostr’s censorship-resistant communications.  #### **Sparrow Wallet | Supports Lark for USB Hardware Wallets** [Sparrow Wallet](https://sparrowwallet.com/), a popular open-source Bitcoin wallet, has added support for [Lark](https://github.com/sparrowwallet/larkapp?mc_cid=aab08acf41&mc_eid=5c5878c08e), a new tool for USB hardware wallet communication. Lark works alongside the existing [Hardware Wallet Interface](https://github.com/bitcoin-core/HWI) (HWI), giving users an alternative way to connect their hardware wallets via USB. This update improves reliability, reduces dependence on a single software interface, and strengthens Bitcoin self-custody. #### **Bitcoin Dada | Opens Applications for Second Cohort of Dada Devs** [Bitcoin Dada](https://btcdada.com/), an HRF-supported nonprofit initiative empowering African women through Bitcoin and financial education, is now [accepting](https://x.com/DadaDevs/status/1886819762660929674) applications for the second cohort of Dada Devs. This developer program provides hands-on training, mentorship, and a collaborative community to help African women under authoritarian regimes contribute to Bitcoin development. If you’re an aspiring female developer, [apply now](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeJ8nXL96qNeCAaXnSlGxqykBPEGm21z9qS9oE1ldNusM0nTA/viewform) to join a network of African women shaping the future of finance. Applications close Feb. 13. #### **Summer of Bitcoin | Applications for Summer 2025 Cohort Now Open** [Summer of Bitcoin](https://www.summerofbitcoin.org/), an HRF-supported Bitcoin internship program, is now accepting [applications](https://www.summerofbitcoin.org/apply) for its summer 2025 cohort. This program introduces students from anywhere, including from authoritarian regimes, to Bitcoin open-source development and design, giving interns the option to choose between a developer or designer track based on their interests. Participants will gain hands-on work experience, contribute to real-world Bitcoin projects, and receive mentorship from industry leaders. You can learn more and apply [here](https://www.summerofbitcoin.org/). #### **Spiral | Announces Grant Renewals for the Bitcoin Design Community and BDK** [Spiral](http://spiral.xyz), a Bitcoin company building and funding open-source projects, announced renewed grants for critical initiatives, including the [Bitcoin Design Community](https://github.com/bitcoindesign) and [Bitcoin Dev Kit](https://bitcoindevkit.org/) (BDK). The Bitcoin Design Community is a free and open-source resource for designers, developers, and others working on non-custodial Bitcoin products. This [grant](https://x.com/spiralbtc/status/1885000120439095607) will support designers who push the user experience and adoption of Bitcoin forward. Meanwhile, BDK is a software library that helps developers in building cross-platform Bitcoin wallets. Its [grant](https://x.com/spiralbtc/status/1884998758976405840) will support the project’s continued refinement and development. ## RECOMMENDED CONTENT #### **The Bitcoin and Cypherpunk Spirit Is Alive and Well in Africa by Frank Corva** In this [article](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/the-bitcoin-and-cypherpunk-spirit-is-alive-and-well-in-africa) for [Bitcoin Magazine](http://bitcoinmagazine.com), journalist [Frank Corva](https://x.com/frankcorva) spotlights Bitcoin's growing presence across Africa. Across the continent, people are building Bitcoin circular economies, open-source financial tools, and educational initiatives. From [Bitcoin Ekasi](https://x.com/BitcoinEkasi) in South Africa to [AfriBit Kibera](https://x.com/AfribitKibera) in Kenya and [Bitcoin Dua](https://x.com/bitcoin_dua) in Ghana, these grassroots initiatives drive financial inclusion and education for individuals and communities. Meanwhile, tools like [Tando](https://tando.me/) and [Machankura](https://8333.mobi/) are expanding access to transactional freedom, and conferences like [Adopting Bitcoin Captetown](https://za25.adoptingbitcoin.org/) and the [Africa Bitcoin Conference](https://afrobitcoin.org/) nurture ongoing collaboration between individuals, developers, and activists to advance financial freedom on a continent that otherwise has very little liberal democracy. Read the full article [here](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/the-bitcoin-and-cypherpunk-spirit-is-alive-and-well-in-africa). #### **Using Bitcoin Without Internet! Here’s How Machankura Makes It Happen with Anita Posch** In this short [interview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzXfd237XVo), Bitcoin educator and host of the [Bitcoin for Fairness](https://www.youtube.com/@AnitaPosch) channel, Anita Posch, speaks with Mary Imasuen, a [Machankura](https://8333.mobi/) team member, about how this technology makes Bitcoin accessible to Africans without Internet access. Machankura is an app that allows feature phones to send and receive Bitcoin using the Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) protocol, a mobile communications system similar to SMS. This means people can transact in Bitcoin without needing a smartphone or data connection, a situation common to many living under autocratic regimes in sub-Saharan Africa. By removing Internet barriers, Machankura helps millions of Africans overcome high data costs and unreliable networks, offering a practical solution to financial inclusion. *If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report [here](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a).* *Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program [via BTCPay](https://hrf.org/btc).*\ *Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ [hrf.org](http://hrf.org/)* *The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals [here](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1)*. [**Subscribe to newsletter**](http://financialfreedomreport.org/) [**Apply for a grant**](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1&mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Support our work**](https://hrf.org/btc?mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Visit our website**](https://hrf.org/programs/financial-freedom/)

@ 000002de:c05780a7

The absolute embarrassment the Chiefs were subjected to... is the end of the their dominance? Of course they have a ton of talent and will win and maybe get back the Super Bowl this game really exposed them. Its one thing to lose to a great team like the Eagles. Its another to be destroyed so fully. When I think about this game its not just on one person. Its coaching and players. I'm just wondering about the impact on the league watching this. Anyone who has played sports knows that a ton of it is mental. Teams can defeat themselves mentally. Does this defeat tell the league, yeah they aren't that good. What do you think? Edit: When I say "done", I mean the dynasty. I don't mean they are gonna have a losing record next year. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884169

@ ec42c765:328c0600

test

@ 9673b322:1b75ee9e

This is test content 

@ 604e96e0:20279eb2

notacomment allows you to zap nostr notes when you comment on them. In order to use notacomment, you have to run a script yourself either on your own computer or in the cloud somewhere. To get started open https://github.com/SamSamskies/notacomment in a browser tab. At this point, I'm sure a lot of you are feeling like this:  Let's breakdown the instructions from the README. ## Prerequisites Node.js and npm - I suggest installing the latest Node.js LTS version from https://nodejs.org. That should also install npm. Once installation is complete, open your terminal. On a Mac you can press cmd + spacebar and type in `terminal` to open the terminal. On other platforms, you'll have to ask ChatGPT 😂 . To verify installation of Node.js type `node -v`. To verify installation type `npm -v`. It should look something like this:  Leave the terminal open. ## Downloading the code to your computer The easiest way to download the code is to download the zip file from the GitHub repo. Remember that first link I told you to open? That's the GitHub repo. Click the green button that says `Code` on it and click `Download ZIP` from the menu.  Now unzip the file and then navigate to the folder in the terminal. To navigate to the folder use the `cd` command. If you unzipped the folder in the `Downloads` folder, you can navigate to the folder by typing `cd ~/Downloads/notacomment-main/`. ## Usage With Strike 1. Create an account with Strike if you don't already have one https://strike.me/download/ 1. Get a Strike API key with all the payment scopes from https://dashboard.strike.me/ 1. Create a .env file and provide NOSTR_NSEC and STRIKE_API_KEY values (see .env.example) 1. Install the dependencies using npm or yarn or whatever your heart desires 1. Make sure you have money in your Strike account 1. Run the script `npm start` Keep in mind that Strike pays the invoices from your cash balance. This means the payment rounds up to the nearest cent when paying an invoice, so if you set the zap amount to 1 sat, you'll be sending more money to Strike than the person you are zapping with every zap. ## Usage With LNbits I recommend making a separate wallet from your main LNbits wallet for usage with notacomment in case you accidentally leak the admin key. 1. Create a .env file and provide NOSTR_NSEC, LNBITS_ADMIN_KEY, and LNBITS_URL values (see .env.example) 1. Install the dependencies using npm or yarn or whatever your heart desires 1. Make sure you have sats in your LNbits wallet 1. Run the script `npm start` ## Usage With Nostr Wallet Connect 1. Create a NWC connection string using something like https://nwc.getalby.com/ 1. Create a .env file and provide NOSTR_NSEC and NWC_CONNECTION_STRING values (see .env.example) 1. Install the dependencies using npm or yarn or whatever your heart desires 1. Make sure you have sats in your wallet that you generated the NWC connection string with 1. Run the script `npm start` <br /> <br /> Screenshot of terminal with commands to install dependencies, create .env file, open .env file, and start the script: 

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Honest question. I think he's a great TE but... haven't watched him a ton. I get a feeling he's overrated. Maybe not though. I watched him during the big game and was kinda surprised by his lack luster performance. He really seemed different to me. Since then I've seen video of him not blocking for his QB and not really playing hard. Like he gave up. Does he really have a rep of not blocking? He looks pretty terrible on film. Now, I know I'm a Kittle fan and he is famously great at blocking and takes pride in it. Maybe I'm just using Kittle as the ruler and maybe that's not fair. Also, I loved watching KC get destroyed so factor that in :) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884156

@ 9673b322:1b75ee9e

This is some test content Adding a Sample Image 

@ 19220736:7578e0e9

The U.S. economy is facing a double whammy of challenges as housing prices skyrocket and trade tensions escalate, creating a perfect storm of economic strain for everyday Americans. First-time homebuyers are bearing the brunt of the housing crisis, with median home prices rising by nearly 15% in major cities over the past year [1]. While wages have remained stagnant, the cost of living continues to climb. This has left many young families and individuals struggling to afford homes, forcing some to delay homeownership or take on risky levels of debt. Meanwhile, trade tensions between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico have added another layer of uncertainty for businesses and workers. The Trump administration's tariffs [2] on goods imported from these countries will lead to higher costs for industries ranging from agriculture to manufacturing. Companies reliant on imports will see profit margins shrink, with some forced to lay off workers or pass the added costs onto consumers. The interplay between these two experts warn that they could feed into each other. Rising housing costs can limit the availability of skilled labor, as workers may need to take on more demanding jobs to afford rising rents or home prices. This, in turn, could impact industries already struggling with reduced productivity due to trade disruptions. The long-term effects of trade tensions remain unclear, but the uncertainty caused by the threat of tariffs has already led to reduced investment in Mexico, with businesses hesitant to expand operations for fear of retaliatory measures from other countries [3]. While some argue that stronger trade agreements could benefit all parties involved, others fear that continued tension could lead to reciprocal measures that harm global markets. The cumulative effect of these challenges is leaving many Americans feeling vulnerable. From the first-time homebuyer struggling to save for a down payment to the worker worried about job security, the combination of rising housing costs and trade tariffs creates a perfect storm of economic instability. In cities across the U.S., local leaders are calling for more affordable housing [4] options and better wage protections as immediate solutions. Advocates argue that without addressing these issues, the economic strain on families will only worsen, potentially leading to long-term social and economic consequences. While both issues are complex and multifaceted, the need for a coordinated response has never been more urgent. Policymakers at all levels of government must work together to mitigate the negative impacts of rising housing costs and trade tariffs, ensuring that no one is left behind in this challenging economic landscape. Reference links: [1] [Past year ]( https://apnews.com/article/first-time-home-buyer-housing-prices-8ede22e18fd11a40f45e2e0ba6c055c1) [2] [Tariffs ]( https://apnews.com/article/america-canada-mexico-tariffs-trump-trade-4568dababcf524945333bb518232ec4b) [3] [4] [Housing ]( https://apnews.com/article/first-time-home-buyer-housing-prices-8ede22e18fd11a40f45e2e0ba6c055c1)

@ 6e75f797:a8eee74e

Last night I started a nostr community multiplayer instance for No Man's Sky [on ZapStream](https://zap.stream/) and before we knew it, we had 4 Nostrichs arriving on the genesis planet to join the fun.  NSM is an deterministic, procedurally generated open universe where players can explore, quest, build, combat and have fun together. Every new system discovered is generated when the first Traveller enters the system making the game a unique experience for any open world gaming fan. If you fancy joining us in the Nostrverse let me know and I'll friend you in #NMS and on Steam or Epic. If you just want to watch the fun, participate in naming systems, planets, fauna and flora come and hang out in my stream or the stream of [Oceanbee](nostr:npub1wqxxe0cjaxnvmrv4lkvx8d5dlft7ewswyn09w5v7fg7642fgzm7srucxws), [HolgerHatGarKeineNode](nostr:npub1pt0kw36ue3w2g4haxq3wgm6a2fhtptmzsjlc2j2vphtcgle72qesgpjyc6) or [taette](npub1yh0dl6pazf55025qvp860lstpscuy0kj2a5lfhxlk400m968vgpql5vsnd).  ### If you already own NMS, feel free to add me! My NMS friend code is: EMAZ-KMHT-ZPFXP See you in space Traveller! - TheGrinder

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

All of us who have truly put our faith in the Lord Jesus Christ want to serve Him, but we all live busy lives. We all get distracted by making a living, taking care of our families, and other good things, but too often we spend so much time on the good that we miss out on the best (see “[Don’t Be Like Martha](https://trustjesus.substack.com/p/dont-be-like-martha)”). In this previous post, I wrote about how we don’t want to live. In this post, I’ll write about what the Bible says about living a life wholly devoted to God. Many of us wonder, “Are we fully serving God if we aren’t in full time ministry, if we aren’t a pastor/priest, missionary, or if we don’t work for a Christian ministry?” There are many ways we can serve God. Sometimes we are called to a Christian “job,” but other times we serve God in other ways. > Let the word of Christ richly dwell within you, with all wisdom teaching and admonishing one another with psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with thankfulness in your hearts to God. **Whatever you do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks through Him to God the Father**. (Colossians 3:16-17) {emphasis mine} The most important thing is that everything we do has a godly focus. We should follow God’s design for marriage and family. We should disciple our children to know and grow in Jesus. We should witness to those with whom we come in contact. We should give to support those who are working in full-time ministry. Even our jobs can be done in service to the Lord, no matter how trivial or unrelated that job might seem. > **Whatever you do, do your work heartily, as for the Lord rather than for men**, knowing that from the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance. It is the Lord Christ whom you serve. (Colossians 3:23-24) {emphasis mine} I’m an employer. I see the work ethic, or more often the lack of work ethic, in people. I notice those who work hard and always give their best versus those who do the minimum they need to do to keep their job. When a person lets everyone around them know that they are a Christian and then they work harder than everyone else and they are willing to do the undesirable tasks that need to be done, this is noticed and is a good witness. Sadly, too often Christians are known for not working as hard and not going the extra mile. These Christians give Jesus and all Christians a bad name. Whatever job God has given you, do it to the best of your ability. Do the extra task; do the undesirable task; do the task that should’ve been done by someone else. Put in the extra effort even if nobody seems to notice. In most case, even if you aren’t praised, appreciated, or appropriately rewarded, people do notice and your witness is enhanced. In all cases, Jesus notices and you will be rewarded in heaven for representing Him faithfully. > Whether, then, you eat or drink or whatever you do, **do all to the glory of God**. (1 Corinthians 10:31) {emphasis mine} We are to do everything we do to the God’s glory. The way we work should glorify God. The way we eat and drink should glorify God. The way we do rest and entertainment should glorify God. The way we interact with others should glorify God. We were designed to glorify God. Too often we get busy doing life and leave God out of it. It isn’t that we are doing some terrible sin, but it is always wrong to leave God out of our life. We can even do Christian ministry and get so busy doing “God’s work” that we leave God out of it. This can be disastrous and definitely will damage ministry effectiveness. In everything we do, we should listen to God’s leading, whether through Bible reading, prayer, or being still and listening. > The plans of the heart belong to man,\ > But the answer of the tongue is from the Lord.\ > All the ways of a man are clean in his own sight,\ > But the Lord weighs the motives.\ ****Commit your works to the Lord\ > And your plans will be established**. (Proverbs 16:1-3) {emphasis mine} Part of doing everything in and to the Lord is changing our hearts and minds. Psalm 37 lists several actions we can take in serving the Lord and becoming more like Him. > **Delight yourself in the Lord**;\ > And He will give you the desires of your heart.\ ****Commit your way to the Lord**,\ ****Trust also in Him**, and He will do it.\ > He will bring forth your righteousness as the light\ > And your judgment as the noonday.\ ****Rest in the Lord and wait patiently for Him**;\ ****Do not fret** because of him who prospers in his way,\ > Because of the man who carries out wicked schemes.\ ****Cease from anger and forsake wrath**;\ > Do not fret; it leads only to evildoing. (Psalm 37:4-8) {emphasis mine} If we delight in the Lord, commit our way to the Lord, trust in Him, rest in the Lord, and wait patiently for the Lord, we will be in the right mind to serve Him in all that we do. It will also help us avoid the things that draw us away from the Lord. We are called to not fret, to cease from anger, and to forsake wrath. Fretting, anger, and wrath hurt our witness and draw us away from God. They are a sign that our hearts are not in tune with God and that we need to turn back to Him. They are a sign that we are not trusting in Him nor are we following His will. --- Sometimes believers wonder if they are succeeding in doing anything for the Lord because they are shy and not good at witnessing or because they have personal circumstances (like sickness of themselves or their family members) that don’t allow them to do much. That doesn’t mean there is nothing these believers can do. We can support those doing the mission of God. We can give money to support missionaries, churches, and Christian ministries. We can house a missionary while they are on break. We can do behind the scenes tasks like cleaning, accounting, organizing, planning, etc. Most importantly, we can all pray. Prayer should be a constant part of every day, whether we are infirm and unable to leave our bed, whether we are so busy we don’t have five minutes to sit and take a break, or whether we are in full time Christian ministry. We can’t faithfully serve God without prayer. > Beloved, **you are acting faithfully in whatever you accomplish for the brethren**, and especially *when they are* strangers; and they have testified to your love before the church. You will do well to send them on their way in a manner worthy of God. For they went out for the sake of the Name, accepting nothing from the Gentiles. Therefore **we ought to support such men, so that we may be fellow workers with the truth**. (3 John 1:5-8) {emphasis mine} Anyone who supports those in ministry will receive similar rewards to those in ministry because they are all working together to fulfill God’s will. > He who receives a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a prophet’s reward; and he who receives a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a righteous man’s reward. (Matthew 10:41) We often feel like we are failing God. We feel that we are making zero difference for the kingdom. If you are not growing in your faith, knowledge, and relationship with God, there may be some truth in this, but we also may be listening to the accuser, Satan. Keep in mind that every little thing you do for Jesus or for others, because of your faith in Jesus, is counted as faithful service to Him. > “Then the King will say to those on His right, ‘Come, you who are blessed of My Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. For I was hungry, and you gave Me something to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave Me something to drink; I was a stranger, and you invited Me in; naked, and you clothed Me; I was sick, and you visited Me; I was in prison, and you came to Me.’ Then the righteous will answer Him, ‘Lord, when did we see You hungry, and feed You, or thirsty, and give You something to drink? And when did we see You a stranger, and invite You in, or naked, and clothe You? When did we see You sick, or in prison, and come to You?’ The King will answer and say to them, ‘**Truly I say to you, to the extent that you did it to one of these brothers of Mine, even the least of them, you did it to Me**.’ (Matthew 25:34-40) {emphasis mine} Turn to Jesus. Pray to Jesus. Read His word —the Bible. Make Him a part of everything you do. Follow His leading. Join God in what He is doing. May God bless you and lead you in the path He designed you to take. Trust Jesus.

@ ec42c765:328c0600

てすと nostr:nevent1qqst3uqlls4yr9vys4dza2sgjle3ly37trck7jgdmtr23uuz52usjrqqqnjgr nostr:nevent1qqsdvchy5d27zt3z05rr3q6vvmzgslslxwu0p4dfkvxwhmvxldn9djguvagp2 test てｓ

@ 2e8970de:63345c7a

 > We measure gender differences using the Cross-Gender Friending Ratio, the ratio of female friends in men's networks to the share of female friends in women's networks in a given place. Men almost always have a lower share of female friends than women do, but the degree varies:  > Across countries, the CGFR is strongly predictive of gender differences in labor force participation. Within countries, we also find a strong correlation with gender attitudes in the World Values Survey, such as beliefs about women's suitability for politics. https://x.com/drew_m_johnston/status/1889794718004826288 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884660

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

### Definição de ULID: Timestamp 48 bits, Aleatoriedade 80 bits Sendo Timestamp 48 bits inteiro, tempo UNIX em milissegundos, Não ficará sem espaço até o ano 10889 d.C. e Aleatoriedade 80 bits, Fonte criptograficamente segura de aleatoriedade, se possível. #### Gerar ULID ```sql CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; CREATE FUNCTION generate_ulid() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE -- Crockford's Base32 encoding BYTEA = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; timestamp BYTEA = E'\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000'; output TEXT = ''; unix_time BIGINT; ulid BYTEA; BEGIN -- 6 timestamp bytes unix_time = (EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM CLOCK_TIMESTAMP()) * 1000)::BIGINT; timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 0, (unix_time >> 40)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 1, (unix_time >> 32)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 2, (unix_time >> 24)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 3, (unix_time >> 16)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 4, (unix_time >> 8)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 5, unix_time::BIT(8)::INTEGER); -- 10 entropy bytes ulid = timestamp || gen_random_bytes(10); -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE; ``` #### ULID TO UUID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION parse_ulid(ulid text) RETURNS bytea AS $$ DECLARE -- 16byte bytes bytea = E'\\x00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000'; v char[]; -- Allow for O(1) lookup of index values dec integer[] = ARRAY[ 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 ]; BEGIN IF NOT ulid ~* '^[0-7][0-9ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ]{25}$' THEN RAISE EXCEPTION 'Invalid ULID: %', ulid; END IF; v = regexp_split_to_array(ulid, ''); -- 6 bytes timestamp (48 bits) bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 0, (dec[ASCII(v[1])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[2])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 1, (dec[ASCII(v[3])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[4])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 2, (dec[ASCII(v[4])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[5])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[6])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 3, (dec[ASCII(v[6])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[7])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 4, (dec[ASCII(v[7])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[8])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[9])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 5, (dec[ASCII(v[9])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[10])]); -- 10 bytes of entropy (80 bits); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 6, (dec[ASCII(v[11])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[12])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 7, (dec[ASCII(v[12])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[13])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[14])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 8, (dec[ASCII(v[14])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[15])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 9, (dec[ASCII(v[15])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[16])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[17])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 10, (dec[ASCII(v[17])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[18])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 11, (dec[ASCII(v[19])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[20])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 12, (dec[ASCII(v[20])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[21])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[22])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 13, (dec[ASCII(v[22])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[23])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 14, (dec[ASCII(v[23])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[24])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[25])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 15, (dec[ASCII(v[25])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[26])]); RETURN bytes; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ulid_to_uuid(ulid text) RETURNS uuid AS $$ BEGIN RETURN encode(parse_ulid(ulid), 'hex')::uuid; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### UUID to ULID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION uuid_to_ulid(id uuid) RETURNS text AS $$ DECLARE encoding bytea = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; output text = ''; uuid_bytes bytea = uuid_send(id); BEGIN -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### Gera 11 Digitos aleatórios: YBKXG0CKTH4 ```sql -- Cria a extensão pgcrypto para gerar uuid CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Cria a função para gerar ULID CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gen_lrandom() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE ts_millis BIGINT; ts_chars TEXT; random_bytes BYTEA; random_chars TEXT; base32_chars TEXT := '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; i INT; BEGIN -- Pega o timestamp em milissegundos ts_millis := FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM clock_timestamp()) * 1000)::BIGINT; -- Converte o timestamp para base32 ts_chars := ''; FOR i IN REVERSE 0..11 LOOP ts_chars := ts_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((ts_millis >> (5 * i)) & 31) + 1, 1); END LOOP; -- Gera 10 bytes aleatórios e converte para base32 random_bytes := gen_random_bytes(10); random_chars := ''; FOR i IN 0..9 LOOP random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) >> 3) & 31) + 1, 1); IF i < 9 THEN random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, (((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) | (get_byte(random_bytes, i + 1) >> 6)) & 31 + 1, 1); ELSE random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) + 1, 1); END IF; END LOOP; -- Concatena o timestamp e os caracteres aleatórios RETURN ts_chars || random_chars; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; ``` #### Exemplo de USO ```sql -- Criação da extensão caso não exista CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Criação da tabela pessoas CREATE TABLE pessoas ( ID UUID DEFAULT gen_random_uuid ( ) PRIMARY KEY, nome TEXT NOT NULL ); -- Busca Pessoa na tabela SELECT * FROM "pessoas" WHERE uuid_to_ulid ( ID ) = '252FAC9F3V8EF80SSDK8PXW02F'; ``` ### Fontes - https://github.com/scoville/pgsql-ulid - https://github.com/geckoboard/pgulid

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

### Definição de ULID: Timestamp 48 bits, Aleatoriedade 80 bits Sendo Timestamp 48 bits inteiro, tempo UNIX em milissegundos, Não ficará sem espaço até o ano 10889 d.C. e Aleatoriedade 80 bits, Fonte criptograficamente segura de aleatoriedade, se possível. #### Gerar ULID ```sql CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; CREATE FUNCTION generate_ulid() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE -- Crockford's Base32 encoding BYTEA = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; timestamp BYTEA = E'\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000\\000'; output TEXT = ''; unix_time BIGINT; ulid BYTEA; BEGIN -- 6 timestamp bytes unix_time = (EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM CLOCK_TIMESTAMP()) * 1000)::BIGINT; timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 0, (unix_time >> 40)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 1, (unix_time >> 32)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 2, (unix_time >> 24)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 3, (unix_time >> 16)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 4, (unix_time >> 8)::BIT(8)::INTEGER); timestamp = SET_BYTE(timestamp, 5, unix_time::BIT(8)::INTEGER); -- 10 entropy bytes ulid = timestamp || gen_random_bytes(10); -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(ulid, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE; ``` #### ULID TO UUID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION parse_ulid(ulid text) RETURNS bytea AS $$ DECLARE -- 16byte bytes bytea = E'\\x00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000'; v char[]; -- Allow for O(1) lookup of index values dec integer[] = ARRAY[ 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1, 18, 19, 1, 20, 21, 0, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 255, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 ]; BEGIN IF NOT ulid ~* '^[0-7][0-9ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ]{25}$' THEN RAISE EXCEPTION 'Invalid ULID: %', ulid; END IF; v = regexp_split_to_array(ulid, ''); -- 6 bytes timestamp (48 bits) bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 0, (dec[ASCII(v[1])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[2])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 1, (dec[ASCII(v[3])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[4])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 2, (dec[ASCII(v[4])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[5])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[6])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 3, (dec[ASCII(v[6])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[7])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 4, (dec[ASCII(v[7])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[8])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[9])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 5, (dec[ASCII(v[9])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[10])]); -- 10 bytes of entropy (80 bits); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 6, (dec[ASCII(v[11])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[12])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 7, (dec[ASCII(v[12])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[13])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[14])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 8, (dec[ASCII(v[14])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[15])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 9, (dec[ASCII(v[15])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[16])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[17])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 10, (dec[ASCII(v[17])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[18])]); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 11, (dec[ASCII(v[19])] << 3) | (dec[ASCII(v[20])] >> 2)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 12, (dec[ASCII(v[20])] << 6) | (dec[ASCII(v[21])] << 1) | (dec[ASCII(v[22])] >> 4)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 13, (dec[ASCII(v[22])] << 4) | (dec[ASCII(v[23])] >> 1)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 14, (dec[ASCII(v[23])] << 7) | (dec[ASCII(v[24])] << 2) | (dec[ASCII(v[25])] >> 3)); bytes = SET_BYTE(bytes, 15, (dec[ASCII(v[25])] << 5) | dec[ASCII(v[26])]); RETURN bytes; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ulid_to_uuid(ulid text) RETURNS uuid AS $$ BEGIN RETURN encode(parse_ulid(ulid), 'hex')::uuid; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### UUID to ULID ```sql CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION uuid_to_ulid(id uuid) RETURNS text AS $$ DECLARE encoding bytea = '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; output text = ''; uuid_bytes bytea = uuid_send(id); BEGIN -- Encode the timestamp output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 224) >> 5)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 0) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 1) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 2) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 3) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 4) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 5) & 31))); -- Encode the entropy output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 6) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 7) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 8) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 9) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 10) & 31))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 248) >> 3)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 11) & 7) << 2) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 192) >> 6))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 62) >> 1)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 12) & 1) << 4) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 240) >> 4))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 13) & 15) << 1) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 128) >> 7))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 124) >> 2)); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 14) & 3) << 3) | ((GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 224) >> 5))); output = output || CHR(GET_BYTE(encoding, (GET_BYTE(uuid_bytes, 15) & 31))); RETURN output; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; ``` #### Gera 11 Digitos aleatórios: YBKXG0CKTH4 ```sql -- Cria a extensão pgcrypto para gerar uuid CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Cria a função para gerar ULID CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION gen_lrandom() RETURNS TEXT AS $$ DECLARE ts_millis BIGINT; ts_chars TEXT; random_bytes BYTEA; random_chars TEXT; base32_chars TEXT := '0123456789ABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTVWXYZ'; i INT; BEGIN -- Pega o timestamp em milissegundos ts_millis := FLOOR(EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM clock_timestamp()) * 1000)::BIGINT; -- Converte o timestamp para base32 ts_chars := ''; FOR i IN REVERSE 0..11 LOOP ts_chars := ts_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((ts_millis >> (5 * i)) & 31) + 1, 1); END LOOP; -- Gera 10 bytes aleatórios e converte para base32 random_bytes := gen_random_bytes(10); random_chars := ''; FOR i IN 0..9 LOOP random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) >> 3) & 31) + 1, 1); IF i < 9 THEN random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, (((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) | (get_byte(random_bytes, i + 1) >> 6)) & 31 + 1, 1); ELSE random_chars := random_chars || substr(base32_chars, ((get_byte(random_bytes, i) & 7) << 2) + 1, 1); END IF; END LOOP; -- Concatena o timestamp e os caracteres aleatórios RETURN ts_chars || random_chars; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; ``` #### Exemplo de USO ```sql -- Criação da extensão caso não exista CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto; -- Criação da tabela pessoas CREATE TABLE pessoas ( ID UUID DEFAULT gen_random_uuid ( ) PRIMARY KEY, nome TEXT NOT NULL ); -- Busca Pessoa na tabela SELECT * FROM "pessoas" WHERE uuid_to_ulid ( ID ) = '252FAC9F3V8EF80SSDK8PXW02F'; ``` ### Fontes - https://github.com/scoville/pgsql-ulid - https://github.com/geckoboard/pgulid

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

President Trump has started rolling out his tariffs, something I [blogged about in November](https://www.snoyman.com/blog/2024/11/steelmanning-tariffs/). People are talking about these tariffs a lot right now, with many people (correctly) commenting on how consumers will end up with higher prices as a result of these tariffs. While that part is true, I’ve seen a lot of people taking it to the next, incorrect step: that consumers will pay the entirety of the tax. I [put up a poll on X](https://x.com/snoyberg/status/1886035800019599808) to see what people thought, and while the right answer got a lot of votes, it wasn't the winner.  For purposes of this blog post, our ultimate question will be the following: * Suppose apples currently sell for $1 each in the entire United States. * There are domestic sellers and foreign sellers of apples, all receiving the same price. * There are no taxes or tariffs on the purchase of apples. * The question is: if the US federal government puts a $0.50 import tariff per apple, what will be the change in the following: * Number of apples bought in the US * Price paid by buyers for apples in the US * Post-tax price received by domestic apple producers * Post-tax price received by foreign apple producers Before we can answer that question, we need to ask an easier, first question: before instituting the tariff, why do apples cost $1? And finally, before we dive into the details, let me provide you with the answers to the ultimate question. I recommend you try to guess these answers before reading this, and if you get it wrong, try to understand why: 1. The number of apples bought will go down 2. The buyers will pay more for each apple they buy, but not the full amount of the tariff 3. Domestic apple sellers will receive a *higher* price per apple 4. Foreign apple sellers will receive a *lower* price per apple, but not lowered by the full amount of the tariff In other words, regardless of who sends the payment to the government, both taxed parties (domestic buyers and foreign sellers) will absorb some of the costs of the tariff, while domestic sellers will benefit from the protectionism provided by tariffs and be able to sell at a higher price per unit. ## Marginal benefit All of the numbers discussed below are part of a [helper Google Sheet](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14ZbkWpw1B9Q1UDB9Yh47DmdKQfIafVVBKbDUsSIfGZw/edit?usp=sharing) I put together for this analysis. Also, apologies about the jagged lines in the charts below, I hadn’t realized before starting on this that there are [some difficulties with creating supply and demand charts in Google Sheets](https://superuser.com/questions/1359731/how-to-create-a-supply-demand-style-chart). Let’s say I absolutely love apples, they’re my favorite food. How much would I be willing to pay for a single apple? You might say “$1, that’s the price in the supermarket,” and in many ways you’d be right. If I walk into supermarket A, see apples on sale for $50, and know that I can buy them at supermarket B for $1, I’ll almost certainly leave A and go buy at B. But that’s not what I mean. What I mean is: how high would the price of apples have to go *everywhere* so that I’d no longer be willing to buy a single apple? This is a purely personal, subjective opinion. It’s impacted by how much money I have available, other expenses I need to cover, and how much I like apples. But let’s say the number is $5. How much would I be willing to pay for another apple? Maybe another $5. But how much am I willing to pay for the 1,000th apple? 10,000th? At some point, I’ll get sick of apples, or run out of space to keep the apples, or not be able to eat, cook, and otherwise preserve all those apples before they rot. The point being: I’ll be progressively willing to spend less and less money for each apple. This form of analysis is called *marginal benefit*: how much benefit (expressed as dollars I’m willing to spend) will I receive from each apple? This is a downward sloping function: for each additional apple I buy (quantity demanded), the price I’m willing to pay goes down. This is what gives my personal *demand curve*. And if we aggregate demand curves across all market participants (meaning: everyone interested in buying apples), we end up with something like this:  Assuming no changes in people’s behavior and other conditions in the market, this chart tells us how many apples will be purchased by our buyers at each price point between $0.50 and $5. And ceteris paribus (all else being equal), this will continue to be the demand curve for apples. ## Marginal cost Demand is half the story of economics. The other half is supply, or: how many apples will I sell at each price point? Supply curves are upward sloping: the higher the price, the more a person or company is willing and able to sell a product. Let’s understand why. Suppose I have an apple orchard. It’s a large property right next to my house. With about 2 minutes of effort, I can walk out of my house, find the nearest tree, pick 5 apples off the tree, and call it a day. 5 apples for 2 minutes of effort is pretty good, right? Yes, there was all the effort necessary to buy the land, and plant the trees, and water them… and a bunch more than I likely can’t even guess at. We’re going to ignore all of that for our analysis, because for short-term supply-and-demand movement, we can ignore these kinds of *sunk costs*. One other simplification: in reality, supply curves often start descending before ascending. This accounts for achieving efficiencies of scale after the first number of units purchased. But since both these topics are unneeded for understanding taxes, I won’t go any further. Anyway, back to my apple orchard. If someone offers me $0.50 per apple, I can do 2 minutes of effort and get $2.50 in revenue, which equates to a $75/hour wage for me. I’m more than happy to pick apples at that price\! However, let’s say someone comes to buy 10,000 apples from me instead. I no longer just walk out to my nearest tree. I’m going to need to get in my truck, drive around, spend the day in the sun, pay for gas, take a day off of my day job (let’s say it pays me $70/hour). The costs go up significantly. Let’s say it takes 5 days to harvest all those apples myself, it costs me $100 in fuel and other expenses, and I lose out on my $70/hour job for 5 days. We end up with: * Total expenditure: $100 \+ $70 \* 8 hours a day \* 5 days \== $2900 * Total revenue: $5000 (10,000 apples at $0.50 each) * Total profit: $2100 So I’m still willing to sell the apples at this price, but it’s not as attractive as before. And as the number of apples purchased goes up, my costs keep increasing. I’ll need to spend more money on fuel to travel more of my property. At some point I won’t be able to do the work myself anymore, so I’ll need to pay others to work on the farm, and they’ll be slower at picking apples than me (less familiar with the property, less direct motivation, etc.). The point being: at some point, the number of apples can go high enough that the $0.50 price point no longer makes me any money. This kind of analysis is called *marginal cost*. It refers to the additional amount of expenditure a seller has to spend in order to produce each additional unit of the good. Marginal costs go up as quantity sold goes up. And like demand curves, if you aggregate this data across all sellers, you get a supply curve like this:  ## Equilibrium price We now know, for every price point, how many apples buyers will purchase, and how many apples sellers will sell. Now we find the equilibrium: where the supply and demand curves meet. This point represents where the marginal benefit a buyer would receive from the next buyer would be less than the cost it would take the next seller to make it. Let’s see it in a chart:  You’ll notice that these two graphs cross at the $1 price point, where 63 apples are both demanded (bought by consumers) and supplied (sold by producers). This is our equilibrium price. We also have a visualization of the *surplus* created by these trades. Everything to the left of the equilibrium point and between the supply and demand curves represents surplus: an area where someone is receiving something of more value than they give. For example: * When I bought my first apple for $1, but I was willing to spend $5, I made $4 of consumer surplus. The consumer portion of the surplus is everything to the left of the equilibrium point, between the supply and demand curves, and above the equilibrium price point. * When a seller sells his first apple for $1, but it only cost $0.50 to produce it, the seller made $0.50 of producer surplus. The producer portion of the surplus is everything to the left of the equilibrium point, between the supply and demand curves, and below the equilibrium price point. Another way of thinking of surplus is “every time someone got a better price than they would have been willing to take.” OK, with this in place, we now have enough information to figure out how to price in the tariff, which we’ll treat as a negative externality. ## Modeling taxes Alright, the government has now instituted a $0.50 tariff on every apple sold within the US by a foreign producer. We can generally model taxes by either increasing the marginal cost of each unit sold (shifting the supply curve up), or by decreasing the marginal benefit of each unit bought (shifting the demand curve down). In this case, since only some of the producers will pay the tax, it makes more sense to modify the supply curve. First, let’s see what happens to the foreign seller-only supply curve when you add in the tariff:  With the tariff in place, for each quantity level, the price at which the seller will sell is $0.50 higher than before the tariff. That makes sense: if I was previously willing to sell my 82nd apple for $3, I would now need to charge $3.50 for that apple to cover the cost of the tariff. We see this as the tariff “pushing up” or “pushing left” the original supply curve. We can add this new supply curve to our existing (unchanged) supply curve for domestic-only sellers, and we end up with a result like this:  The total supply curve adds up the individual foreign and domestic supply curves. At each price point, we add up the total quantity each group would be willing to sell to determine the total quantity supplied for each price point. Once we have that cumulative supply curve defined, we can produce an updated supply-and-demand chart including the tariff:  As we can see, the equilibrium has shifted: * The equilibrium price paid by consumers has risen from $1 to $1.20. * The total number of apples purchased has dropped from 63 apples to 60 apples. * Consumers therefore received 3 less apples. They spent $72 for these 60 apples, whereas previously they spent $63 for 3 more apples, a definite decrease in consumer surplus. * Foreign producers sold 36 of those apples (see the raw data in the linked Google Sheet), for a gross revenue of $43.20. However, they also need to pay the tariff to the US government, which accounts for $18, meaning they only receive $25.20 post-tariff. Previously, they sold 42 apples at $1 each with no tariff to be paid, meaning they took home $42. * Domestic producers sold the remaining 24 apples at $1.20, giving them a revenue of $28.80. Since they don’t pay the tariff, they take home all of that money. By contrast, previously, they sold 21 apples at $1, for a take-home of $21. * The government receives $0.50 for each of the 60 apples sold, or in other words receives $30 in revenue it wouldn’t have received otherwise. We could be more specific about the surpluses, and calculate the actual areas for consumer surplus, producer surplus, inefficiency from the tariff, and government revenue from the tariff. But I won’t bother, as those calculations get slightly more involved. Instead, let’s just look at the aggregate outcomes: * Consumers were unquestionably hurt. Their price paid went up by $0.20 per apple, and received less apples. * Foreign producers were also hurt. Their price received went down from the original $1 to the new post-tariff price of $1.20, minus the $0.50 tariff. In other words: foreign producers only receive $0.70 per apple now. This hurt can be mitigated by shifting sales to other countries without a tariff, but the pain will exist regardless. * Domestic producers scored. They can sell less apples and make more revenue doing it. * And the government walked away with an extra $30. Hopefully you now see the answer to the original questions. Importantly, while the government imposed a $0.50 tariff, neither side fully absorbed that cost. Consumers paid a bit more, foreign producers received a bit less. The exact details of how that tariff was split across the groups is mediated by the relevant supply and demand curves of each group. If you want to learn more about this, the relevant search term is “price elasticity,” or how much a group’s quantity supplied or demanded will change based on changes in the price. ## Other taxes Most taxes are some kind of a tax on trade. Tariffs on apples is an obvious one. But the same applies to income tax (taxing the worker for the trade of labor for money) or payroll tax (same thing, just taxing the employer instead). Interestingly, you can use the same model for analyzing things like tax incentives. For example, if the government decided to subsidize domestic apple production by giving the domestic producers a $0.50 bonus for each apple they sell, we would end up with a similar kind of analysis, except instead of the foreign supply curve shifting up, we’d see the domestic supply curve shifting down. And generally speaking, this is what you’ll *always* see with government involvement in the economy. It will result in disrupting an existing equilibrium, letting the market readjust to a new equilibrium, and incentivization of some behavior, causing some people to benefit and others to lose out. We saw with the apple tariff, domestic producers and the government benefited while others lost. You can see the reverse though with tax incentives. If I give a tax incentive of providing a deduction (not paying income tax) for preschool, we would end up with: * Government needs to make up the difference in tax revenue, either by raising taxes on others or printing more money (leading to inflation). Either way, those paying the tax or those holding government debased currency will pay a price. * Those people who don’t use the preschool deduction will receive no benefit, so they simply pay a cost. * Those who do use the preschool deduction will end up paying less on tax+preschool than they would have otherwise. This analysis is fully amoral. It’s not saying whether providing subsidized preschool is a good thing or not, it simply tells you where the costs will be felt, and points out that such government interference in free economic choice does result in inefficiencies in the system. Once you have that knowledge, you’re more well educated on making a decision about whether the costs of government intervention are worth the benefits.

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

#### **Next new resources about the MiniBolt guide have been released**: --- * 🆕 **Roadmap**: [LINK](https://github.com/orgs/minibolt-guide/projects/1) * 🆕 **Dynamic Network map**: [LINK](https://app.diagrams.net/?tags={}&lightbox=1&target=blank&highlight=0000ff&edit=_blank&layers=1&nav=1&title=networkmap.drawio.png#Uhttps://raw.githubusercontent.com/minibolt-guide/minibolt/main/resources/networkmap.drawio.png) * 🆕 **Nostr community**: [LINK](https://habla.news/c/[n]addr1qqyy66twd9px7mr5qyf8wumn8ghj7mmxve3ksctfdch8qatzqgstzl7vmurm5gu87qutx3pxwgxddrg39huj809zhmv03scfkus3z4grqsqqpphk2j0aff) < ~ REMOVE the "[]" symbols from the URL (naddr...) to access * 🆕 **Linktr FOSS** (UC) by [Gzuuus](nostr:npub1gzuushllat7pet0ccv9yuhygvc8ldeyhrgxuwg744dn5khnpk3gs3ea5ds): [LINK](https://linktr.minibolt.info) * 🆕 **Donate webpage**: 🚾 [Clearnet LINK](https://donate.minibolt.info) || 🧅 [Onion LINK](http://3iqm7nidexns5p6wmgc23ibgiscm6rge7hwyeziviwgav4fl7xui4mqd.onion/apps/Li3AtEGDsqNmNddv6rX69taidm3/pos) * 🆕 **Contact email**: [hello@minibolt.info](mailto:hello@minibolt.info) --- Enjoy it MiniBolter! 💙

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

 Federal employees must remove pronouns from email signatures by the end of the day. This directive comes from internal memos tied to two executive orders signed by Donald Trump. The orders target diversity and equity programs within the government.  CDC, Department of Transportation, and Department of Energy employees were affected. Staff were instructed to make changes in line with revised policy prohibiting certain language. One CDC employee shared frustration, stating, “In my decade-plus years at CDC, I've never been told what I can and can't put in my email signature.” The directive is part of a broader effort to eliminate DEI initiatives from federal discourse.

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

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@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2025/02/06）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Lumilumi](https://lumilumi.app/) - [Nos Haiku](https://nos-haiku.vercel.app/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qq3uamnwvaz7tmwdaehgun2vykkkctjdyhxset8w4ex7tnrdakj7q3qa3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqxpqqqp65uhjtrk6)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2025/02/06） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

The following is a collection of Tweets posted on Twitter that documented my entire heart surgery process, from finding out I had an issue, through the surgery, and finally throughout my recovery process. If Elon decides to remove old and unpaid content, I do not want this part of my life to vanish from the Internet. At the time, it was extremely important for my mental health to talk about this whole process and it was therapeutic in my recovery process, reading all of the responses as all of Bitcoin Twitter was behind my success. Thank you all of your kind words, love, and support during this whole process. May my Tweets live on through nostr. ... Nov 28, 2021 I had open heart surgery 4 days before my 3rd b-day. I've led a healthy & active life since then, zero issues. I had an echocardiogram last week. The results were not good. Heart valve replacement may be in my near future. I am freaking the fuck out. I'll know more on Dec 6th. 😫 Dec 6, 2021 Update: I had my cardiologist appointment today. He said to not worry for now and continue to exercise and live life. In 3 months get another echo done. He doesn't believe the previous other results since I have zero symptoms and wants to do his own interpretation. Dec 6, 2021 He said if the other results were correct, I may need valve replacement in 6 months to 3 years. However, he doesn't believe the local hospital's results as I said above. He can't form an opinion just yet. He said not to worry over and over again. For now, I'm staying positive! Mar 7, 2022 Well, it's been three months. I had my follow up this morning. I have severe pulmonic regurgitation. I now need to speak with a specialist and see what my options are for surgery. Neat. 😭 Apr 12, 2022 Well, it looks like I'll need full open heart surgery again to replace my pulmonic valve. Bonus: I'll be part pig. So, I have that going for me. I was assuming that if I had to have this done it would be much less invasive, so I'm not overly impressed at the moment. 🫤 May 11, 2022 Today I had to get a CT scan of my heart in preparation for the May 27th surgery. All went well. I have no other heart issues. It's looking like I'll be in the hospital for 4-7 days, depending on how fast I recover. I should be fully 100% recovered by the end of August. ❤️ May 20, 2022 My grandfather with me 39 years ago, days after my open heart surgery. He taught me to hunt, fish, golf, and I'm sure taught me a thing or two about drinking beer and partying. 😂 He was a great man. He won't physically be with me next Friday, but I'm sure he'll be watching over. May 25, 2022 Two more sleeps. My mind is racing with an incredible amount of thoughts and emotions now. It's overwhelming. I love you all. Thanks for all of your replies and DMs over the last couple days, weeks, and months. I appreciate it immensely. ❤️❤️❤️ May 25, 2022 Two more sleeps. My mind is racing with an incredible amount of thoughts and emotions now. It's overwhelming. I love you all. Thanks for all of your replies and DMs over the last couple days, weeks, and months. I appreciate it immensely. ❤️❤️❤️ May 27, 2022 LET'S GO! I am alive and doing well. I was on a ventilator until 8pm. That was horrible. I will read all of the comments that you all posted on Katie's updates. Now I need to rest. They want to get me up and walk at 11pm. 🤯 I love you all and your support had helped so much 🧡🧡 May 28, 2022 The amount of love, compassion, caring, and appreciation from everyone blows my mind. Thanks for all of your comments and DMs. The positivity though all is this has helped me get through dark times and now it's helping me get through pain. You are helping me immensely. 🤯❤️🧡💪 May 28, 2022 Today has been a rough day. Lots of chest pain when breathing. But, I apparently am doing something right, because I have been upgraded to a regular room. No more ICU for this guy! My ICU nurse told my new nurse that I'm strong. ❤️💪🔥 May 29, 2022 Using this to document my journey. Last night was not good at all. I had tachycardia and AFib for hours. It was scary as fuck having my heart beat the way it was at 160bpm. They gave me new medication to bring it down and stop the AFib irregular heartbeat. It's now at 101. May 29, 2022 I was very scared. Katie was able to come and stay the night with me and be my personal care nurse. That made me feel much better having her here with me. Hopefully the meds continue to do what they're supposed to. Fuck. Anyways, I may not Tweet much today. Love you all. ❤️ May 30, 2022 Today has mostly been a great day progress wise. I ate a lot. I've walked more today than I have previously. My doctor told me I might be going home tomorrow, it all depends on what happens with my last drainage tube. Fingers crossed that it's draining properly now. 💪❤️ May 31, 2022 Morning walk crushed. Breakfast crushed. Feeling stronger. My drainage tube is still draining so we'll see what the surgeon says, but I probably won't be coming home today according to my nurse. It may be another day. Better to be safe. I'm feeling good though. Let's go! 💪💪❤️❤️ Jun 1, 2022 Today's plans: Crush morning walk, crush breakfast, CRUSH MY LAST X-RAY AND HEAD THE HELL HOME! Fingers crossed. 🤞🤞❤️❤️💪💪 Jun 1, 2022 On my morning walk I went into a slight AFib. The nurse and PA said since I hadn't had my morning meds to control that yet, that that could be the cause. They're going to increase meds and monitor me for another 24 hours. That sucks, but again, I'd rather be safe. Ugh. Jun 2, 2022 GM! I miss my kids. I miss wearing normal clothes. I miss my house. I miss my doggy. I better go home today or I guess I'll just keep working to get well enough to go home. 😂 I'm still progressing forward. I have a chest x-ray scheduled later this morning. Fingers crossed. Jun 2, 2022 I JUST GOT CLEARED TO HEAD HOME AFTER LUNCH. FUCK YEAH. LET'S GOOOOOO💪💪💪 Jun 2, 2022 I am home! I have some family that needs some loving. Enjoy the rest of your day! Jun 4, 2022 Last night I slept in bed thanks to a reclining pillow, the first night our living room chair. I was so happy to sleep in my own bed. I walked around our yard about 9 times yesterday. My goal is to do that plus a little more every day. I'm still in a lot of pain, but meds help. Jun 4, 2022 I still have a long way to go recovery wise, but having Katie and the kids here helping me along the way makes it easier and gives me a reason to keep pushing forward through this. Thanks again for all of your past and future support. You all are fantastic. Jun 6, 2022 My wife went back to work today. My son and daughter are in charge of taking care of me. My kids are fantastic. They made me breakfast already and helped me check all of my vitals. My daughter really shines here. She's such a little nurse and caretaker. ❤️❤️ Jun 6, 2022 I'm still in pain, but I'm not in as much pain as I was a couple days ago. I'm walking around a little better and a little more every day. I really hate just sitting around and not doing anything, but it's hard to do much else besides watch TV. I am enjoying my patio though. 💪 Jun 16, 2022 It's been a while. It's time to update this thread! I am doing great, IMO. I have lots of energy. I feel great. I can do a lot more than I previously could. I still have a limited range of motion due to my sternum being broken and still healing. i.e. I can't wash my back or legs. Jun 16, 2022 I started back to work yesterday. I was cleared to do 20 hours this week by my doctor and I'm hoping to be cleared full time next week. I work from home, so if I can sit in front of a TV, I can sit in front of a computer, right? Jun 16, 2022 My home nurses have been absolutely fantastic.😂 My kids make me breakfast every morning. And I could not have done any of this without my rock star wife. Words can't describe how much she's done for me throughout all of this. I am looking forward to continuing to improve. ♥️ Jun 16, 2022 You all have been absolutely wonderful through all of this too. I appreciate all of your love, support, and check-ins. Seriously. It means more than you know. I have a check-up at the end of the month to make sure all is well. I'll update again in a couple weeks after that appt. Jun 28, 2022 My doctor said everything looks great. He said it doesn't look like I had open heart surgery a month ago.💪 He said I have zero restrictions and that I can resume normal life. I can drive and I can go out on my boat! ❤️❤️❤️ I'm so happy right now! 🔥🚀 Jul 15, 2022 I started cardiac rehab this week. After 2 sessions the nurse said I'm on "Week 4" already. She doesn't believe with my initial intake stress test if I'll really be able to improve on it that much. 🤣 TL;DR I am a rock star and kicking ass. Feeling great. Life's great. 😍 Aug 28, 2022 Yesterday was 3 months since my open heart surgery. I'm going great! I'd guess essentially back to normal. My sternum is still not fully healed, that'll take more time, but energy and capability are basically back to what I was like last summer. I'm very happy with the results. Aug 28, 2022 I'm very happy to be able to exercise daily, go boating on the weekends AND swim and paddleboard. I was annoyed that I couldn't do these things a month ago. I had a cardiologist appt. two weeks ago. He said he hopes the valve lasts me the rest of my life and to see him in a year. Aug 28, 2022 As a final post to this thread, I want to thank each and every one of you again that commented, liked, shared and DMed me throughout all of this. The love and support from Twitter and the #Bitcoin community was unfathomable. You all made a difference in my life and my recovery.❤️

@ d61f3bc5:0da6ef4a

Micropayments on the Internet have been theorized for decades. However, it wasn’t until the emergence of Nostr that we’ve finally seen them deployed at scale. Nostr is still in its infancy, yet we are already witnessing an explosion of apps built on top of this open protocol. And most of them are featuring zaps! With the recent Primal 2.1 release, Nostr developers now have the option to enhance the experience for their users by integrating a Nostr-powered bitcoin wallet.  There is no doubt that micropayments add a new dimension to consumer apps. The incumbents have realized this and are rushing to add payments to their closed platforms. It won't be long before apps that don’t include built-in payments feel dated or outright broken. The question is not if apps of the future will have built-in payments, but what *kind* of payments they will be. Given that open networks have a tendency to win, our bet is that apps of the future will be powered by Bitcoin. Let’s see how Primal can help. ## Primal Wallet Our vision for Primal Wallet is simple: deliver the smoothest transactional bitcoin wallet, endowed with expert Nostr skills. The wallet leverages Nostr’s open social graph as a de facto public lightning directory, while offering the highest level of user experience for Nostr’s rich content. For example, the user can scroll through the transaction list, select a zap, and drill straight into the conversation thread where the zap originated. The whole flow feels perfectly natural.   Since we launched Primal Wallet in December 2023, the user response has been incredibly positive. People love the idea of being able to post something on Nostr, get zaps from plebs around the world, then buy a coffee or a meal with those sats - all from the same app.  Having a bitcoin wallet with social skills resonated strongly with users, so Primal Wallet grew rapidly in popularity and usage. Since the launch, we have processed **1,338,460** transactions, with **238,916** just in the past month alone. This rivals some of the leading bitcoin wallets, and we are just getting started! We hear from many bitcoin OGs that they are using Primal Wallet as their transactional daily driver. Bullish.  All this is great, but something has been missing. Our users demanded the ability to connect Primal Wallet to other Nostr apps, so they can zap from anywhere in Nostr’s growing ecosystem. ## Zapping from Any Nostr App For an existing Primal user, connecting the wallet to a new Nostr app can now be done in two clicks. Let’s take a look at how this is done from Olas, one of the most exciting new apps on Nostr:  Yes. Click, click. And you can start zapping!  Such smooth integration of payments is not available in any competing technology stack. Tradfi, fintech, crypto, etc., have nothing on Bitcoin and Nostr. Two clicks and your external wallet is connected. I’ll give you a moment now to allow for this new reality to settle in. Primal enables you to connect any number of external apps and manage them from wallet settings:  Note that you can set your daily spend budget for each app or revoke its access at any time. ## How This Works So, what is this sorcery? How does it work under the hood? Connecting Nostr apps to external wallets is accomplished via the Nostr Wallet Connect protocol. It utilizes Nostr’s public relay infrastructure to enable communication between apps and wallets. You can learn more about this protocol [here](https://nwc.dev/), and access developer docs [here](https://docs.nwc.dev/). The smooth, two-click connection setup UX is implemented through deep links between Primal and the external app. Here’s the deep link that the external app needs to call to invoke this feature:  ```nostrnwc+primal://connect?appicon=[icon_url]&appname=[app_name]&callback=[callback_string]``` After the user clicks “Create Wallet Connection” in Primal, the Primal app calls the deep link defined in the callback, and passes the NWC connection string. That's all that the external app needs to make the wallet connection. ## What Comes Next? The Nostr Wallet Connect protocol has been around for almost two years. Several bitcoin wallets implement it and many Nostr apps use it as their main way of enabling payments. What’s new with Primal 2.1 is the elevated user experience. Since Primal is a Nostr-powered wallet, it is aware of all the relevant metadata for each transaction: Nostr zaps, users, and the related events. Primal indexes the entire Nostr network, and now this is open to all Nostr apps that wish to integrate payments.  Nostr keeps expanding and getting better. Its openness enables us to build capabilities that lift all boats. The future is bright; I can’t wait to see how things evolve from here. 🍿🍿🍿

@ ec42c765:328c0600

# カスタム絵文字とは 任意のオリジナル画像を絵文字のように文中に挿入できる機能です。 また、リアクション（Twitterの いいね のような機能）にもカスタム絵文字を使えます。  # カスタム絵文字の対応状況（2024/02/05）  カスタム絵文字を使うためにはカスタム絵文字に対応した[クライアント](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/explore-client.html)を使う必要があります。 ※表は一例です。クライアントは他にもたくさんあります。 使っているクライアントが対応していない場合は、クライアントを変更する、対応するまで待つ、開発者に要望を送る（または自分で実装する）などしましょう。 #### 対応クライアント - [Amethyst](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst) - [FreeFrom](https://freefrom.space/) - [nostter](https://nostter.app/) - [Rabbit](https://rabbit.syusui.net/) - [Snort](https://snort.social/) - [noStrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja/) ここではnostterを使って説明していきます。 # 準備 カスタム絵文字を使うための準備です。 - Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する - 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する ## Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）を導入する Nostrエクステンションは使いたいカスタム絵文字を登録する時に必要になります。 また、環境（パソコン、iPhone、androidなど）によって導入方法が違います。 Nostrエクステンションを導入する端末は、実際にNostrを閲覧する端末と違っても構いません（リスト登録はPC、Nostr閲覧はiPhoneなど）。 Nostrエクステンション（NIP-07）の導入方法は以下のページを参照してください。 [ログイン拡張機能 (NIP-07)を使ってみよう | Welcome to Nostr! ～ Nostrをはじめよう！ ～ ](https://welcome.nostr-jp.org/tutorial/nip-07.html) 少し面倒ですが、これを導入しておくとNostr上の様々な場面で役立つのでより快適になります。 ## 使いたいカスタム絵文字をリストに登録する 以下のサイトで行います。 [emojito](https://emojito.meme/) 右上の**Get started**からNostrエクステンションでログインしてください。 例として以下のカスタム絵文字を導入してみます。 実際より絵文字が少なく表示されることがありますが、古い状態のデータを取得してしまっているためです。その場合はブラウザの更新ボタンを押してください。 [generalJP | カスタム絵文字](https://emojito.meme/a/naddr1qqykwetwv4exzmz22qq3uamnwvaz7tmwdaehgun2vykkkctjdyhxset8w4ex7tnrdakj7q3qa3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqxpqqqp65uhjtrk6)  - 右側の**Options**から**Bookmark**を選択  これでカスタム絵文字を使用するためのリストに登録できます。 # カスタム絵文字を使用する 例としてブラウザから使えるクライアント nostter から使用してみます。 [nostter](https://nostter.app/) nostterにNostrエクステンションでログイン、もしくは秘密鍵を入れてログインしてください。 ## 文章中に使用 1. **投稿**ボタンを押して投稿ウィンドウを表示 2. **顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 3. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 4. カスタム絵文字を選択 5. : 記号に挟まれたアルファベットのショートコードとして挿入される  この状態で投稿するとカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 カスタム絵文字対応クライアントを使っている他ユーザーにもカスタム絵文字として表示されます。 対応していないクライアントの場合、ショートコードのまま表示されます。  ショートコードを直接入力することでカスタム絵文字の候補が表示されるのでそこから選択することもできます。  ## リアクションに使用 1. 任意の投稿の**顔😀**のボタンを押し、絵文字ウィンドウを表示 2. **＊タブ**を押し、カスタム絵文字一覧を表示 3. カスタム絵文字を選択  カスタム絵文字リアクションを送ることができます。  # カスタム絵文字を探す 先述した[emojito](https://emojito.meme/)からカスタム絵文字を探せます。 例えば任意のユーザーのページ [emojito ロクヨウ](https://emojito.meme/p/npub1a3pvwe2p3v7mnjz6hle63r628wl9w567aw7u23fzqs062v5vqcqqu3sgh3) から探したり、 [emojito Browse all](https://emojito.meme/browse) からnostr全体で最近作成、更新された絵文字を見たりできます。 また、以下のリンクは日本語圏ユーザーが作ったカスタム絵文字を集めたリストです（2024/06/30） ※漏れがあるかもしれません [日本ユーザー作 カスタム絵文字](https://nostviewstr.vercel.app/npub17hczqvxtfv3w69wr6lxrttnpdekwdwel55mld60fr24zwjuu6utqtj8mjx/10030) 各絵文字セットにある**Open in emojito**のリンクからemojitoに飛び、使用リストに追加できます。 ----------- 以上です。 次：Nostrのカスタム絵文字の**作り方** Yakihonneリンク [Nostrのカスタム絵文字の作り方](https://yakihonne.com/article/_@lokuyow.github.io/1707912490439) Nostrリンク nostr:naddr1qqxnzdesxuunzv358ycrgveeqgswcsk8v4qck0deepdtluag3a9rh0jh2d0wh0w9g53qg8a9x2xqvqqrqsqqqa28r5psx3 ----------- # 仕様 [NIP-30 Custom Emoji](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/30.md) [NIP-30 カスタム絵文字（和訳）](https://github.com/nostr-jp/nips-ja/blob/main/30.md)

@ 85bdb587:7339d672

## Chart of the Day While this is a bitcoin focused rag, I think it is important for any of you who read this to begin paying attention to gold markets if you haven't already. There has been an ongoing exodus of physical gold from London vaults and a rapid acceleration of gold being moved to the three biggest vaults in the United States in recent weeks. More gold has flooded into the US vaults over the first two months of this year than at the peak of the flight to safety during the beginning of the COVID lock downs.   This is particularly perplexing considering the fact that equities are flat or up on the year, depending on the index you like to follow. Gold outperformed the S&P 500 significantly in 2024 and its momentum hasn't slowed down a bit in 2025 as the precious metal consistently hits new all time highs. The current correlation to the S&P 500 has only happened two times in history; right now and October of 2007.  Institutional investors and nation states are piling into gold at an unprecedented pace. This signals that they are preparing for something to break. The catalysts for the exodus of gold from London to the US and from paper gold to physical gold are fears over Trump's tariffs, institutions and governments preparing for a potential monetary reset, and fears of a looming liquidity crisis as liquidity in the reverse repo market dries up. Uncertainty and chaos rule the day and we are witnessing a flight to safety. Many of you are probably asking, "Why isn't bitcoin moving?!" That's a good question. Considering everything mentioned above one would think that bitcoin would be on the move toward new all time highs as well. Having been following bitcoin for twelve years your Uncle Marty has developed some pattern recognition when it comes to this market. Upward bitcoin price movements typically happen in a staircase fashion. Meaning that it trends up and to the right over the long-run with quick bursts to higher levels followed by small corrections and consolidation periods. If I had to guess, we are currently in a consolidation period that should come to an end at some point in the next few months. In recent years, gold has moved higher first and bitcoin has followed. Typically outperforming gold significantly. I find it hard to believe that this relationship is going to end any time soon. Especially considering the geopolitical and economic backdrop. ## Luke Gromen Warns Bitcoin Holders: Historical Currency Revaluations Show Speed Matters During my recent conversation with Luke Gromen, he raised a sobering point about the velocity of monetary regime changes. Drawing from historical examples, including a Ukrainian family who saw their savings devalue from "five cars to one month's groceries" over a single weekend, Luke emphasized that Americans are uniquely blind to how quickly these transitions can occur. The current stress in our financial system - from Treasury market dynamics to global trade tensions - suggests we're approaching a similar inflection point. *"What if they do it on Friday night like they did with Trump coin and you wake up and gold's up 1,000% by the time you're up on Saturday morning, what are you going to do? You're going to sell your bonds and buy gold on Saturday?"* - Luke Gromen  This warning shouldn't be taken lightly. Those waiting for clear signals before acquiring bitcoin may find themselves locked out of the transition entirely. Luke's analysis suggests that rather than a gradual shift, we're more likely to see a compressed timeframe where major monetary changes happen over days or weeks, not months or years. The recent Trump coin phenomenon, while different in nature, demonstrates how quickly markets can move when sentiment shifts dramatically. TLDR: Major monetary changes happen fast - don't wait to stack sats. Check out the full podcast [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCeWQHATWYU&t=61s&ab_channel=TFTC&ref=tftc.io) for more on DeepSeek's impact on AI markets, Colombia's trade negotiations, and Scott Percent's three arrows for economic reform. ## Headlines of the Day U.S. Faces $1.67B Annual Cost Spike on Single Bond Rollover - via [X](https://x.com/TFTC21/status/1889454272842268982) BlackRock: Bitcoin is Monetary Hedge, Ethereum is Tech Play - via [X](https://x.com/BitcoinNewsCom/status/1889396849880268814) Lummis: SBR Could Slash U.S. Debt by 50% in Two Decades - via [X](https://x.com/cryptonwsuk/status/1888565117047951869) Fold Launches Bitcoin Rewards Visa Credit Card - via [Business Wire](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250211765772/en/Fold-Launches-Revolutionary-Bitcoin-Rewards-Visa-Credit-Card) Obscura VPN launches with a MacOS product - via [nobsbitcoin.com](https://www.nobsbitcoin.com/obscura-vpn-is-now-available-on-macos/) ## Bitcoin Lesson of the Day The SegWit (Segregated Witness) upgrade in August 2017 made two key changes to Bitcoin. First, it moved transaction signatures to a separate part of the data, fixing "transaction malleability" by preventing nodes from modifying transaction IDs. Second, it increased effective block capacity by introducing "weight units" that gave signature data a 75% discount, allowing blocks to grow from 1MB to about 1.8MB. As a "soft fork," SegWit remained compatible with older Bitcoin software. The upgrade activated at block 481,824 after 95% of miners signaled support. This approach allowed Bitcoin to increase capacity and fix technical issues while maintaining network compatibility. [SegWit - Learnmeabitcoin.com](https://learnmeabitcoin.com/beginners/guide/segwit/?ref=tftc.io) ICYMI Fold opened the waiting list for the new Bitcoin Rewards Credit Card. Fold cardholders will get unlimited 2% cash back in sats. [Get on the waiting list now](https://foldapp.com/credit-card?r=BgwRS) before it fills up! $200k worth of prizes are up for grabs . The Fold Bitcoin Rewards Credit Card waitlist is live! *Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/funds.* Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X: [TFTC YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/tftc21) [Bitcoin Brief YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/@BTCBrief) [TFTC on Nostr](https://primal.net/tftc) [TFTC on X](https://x.com/tftc21)

@ 83279ad2:bd49240d

備忘録として書きます。意外と時間がかかりました。全体で1時間くらいかかるので気長にやりましょう。 仮想通貨取引所(販売所ではないので、玄人が使えばお得らしい）かつBitcoinの送金手数料が無料(全ての取引所が無料ではない、例えばbitbankは0.0006bitcoinかかる)なので送金元はGMOコインを使います。(注意:GMOコインは0.02ビットコイン以下は全額送金になってしまいます) 今回はカストディアルウォレットのWallet of Satoshiに送金します。 以下手順 1. GMOコインでbitcoinを買います。 2. GMOコインの左のタブから入出金 暗号資産を選択します。 3. 送付のタブを開いて、+新しい宛先を追加するを選択します。 4. 送付先:GMOコイン以外、送付先ウォレット：プライベートウォレット(MetaMaskなど)、受取人：ご本人さま　を選んで宛先情報の登録を選ぶと次の画面になります。<br> 5. 宛先名称にwallet of satoshi(これはなんでも良いです わかりやすい名称にしましょう)　wallet of satoshiを開いて、受信→Bitcoin On-Chainからアドレスをコピーして、ビットコインアドレスに貼り付けます。<br> 6. 登録するを押します。これで送金先の登録ができました。GMOコインの審査がありますがすぐ終わると思います。 7. ここから送金をします。送付のタブから登録したビットコインの宛先リストwallet of satoshiを選択し、送付数量と送付目的を選択して、2段階認証をします。<br> 8. 実行を押せば終わりです。もうあなたがやることはありません。送金が終わるのを40分くらい眺めるだけです。<br> 8. 取引履歴のタブから今の送金のステータスが見れます。<br> 9. 15分くらい待つとステータスが受付に変わります。<br> 10. 20分くらい待つとトランザクションIDが表示されます。 <br> <br>この時点からwallet of satoshiにも送金されていることが表示されます。(まだ完了はしていない) <br>  11. ステータスが完了になったら送金終わりです。<br> <br> wallet of satoshiにも反映されます。<br>  ----------- お疲れ様でした！

@ 94a6a78a:0ddf320e

Azzamo is more than just a relay provider—it’s a **high-performance network** designed to make Nostr **faster, smoother, and more reliable** for everyone. Whether you're **posting notes, zapping sats, sharing media, or sending DMs**, Azzamo keeps your Nostr experience **seamless and efficient**. Nostr is unstoppable, but **not all relays are the same**. Some are **slow, unreliable, or disappear overnight**, while others get **overloaded**, making message delivery **inconsistent**. Azzamo is built differently—offering **fast, stable, and globally distributed relays** to ensure **low-latency, high-speed connections**, no matter where you are. --- ## **🌍 Premium Relays for Maximum Performance** Azzamo **Premium Relays** are optimized for **speed, reliability, and uptime**, available exclusively to **Premium users**: 📡 **Azzamo Premium Relays:** - **Europe:** `wss://relay.azzamo.net` - **America:** `wss://us.azzamo.net` - **Asia:** `wss://asia.azzamo.net` Add **Azzamo Premium Time** to **unlock unlimited, high-speed access** across these global relays. 🔗 **Get Premium:** [azzamo.net/premium](https://azzamo.net/premium) --- ## **🆓 Freemium Relays – Free for Everyone** Azzamo believes in **keeping Nostr open** and accessible to all. That’s why we offer **free relays for everyone**, with **no rate limits for Premium members** 📡 **Freemium Relays:** - **Free Relay:** `wss://nostr.azzamo.net` – Open to all. - **Inbox Relay:** `wss://inbox.azzamo.net` – Reliable for DMs & group messages. By offering both **free and premium options**, Azzamo ensures that **anyone can use Nostr, while also funding the infrastructure that keeps it running smoothly.** --- ## **🛡️ Minimal Moderation, Maximum Transparency** Nostr is about **free speech**, but that doesn’t mean **zero moderation.** Azzamo follows a **minimal moderation policy** to keep relays **functional and spam-free** while maintaining **transparency** in enforcement.\ \ 🚫 **Spam & network abuse**\ 🚫 **Illegal content (CSAM, fraud, malware, scams)**\ 🚫 **Impersonation & identity abuse** We also maintain a **public Ban API** for **transparent moderation decisions**. 📖 **More on our Ban API:** [azzamo.net/introducing-the-azzamo-ban-api](https://azzamo.net/introducing-the-azzamo-ban-api) --- ## **🚀 Get Started with Azzamo Relays Today!** 🔗 **Connect now:**\ 📡 `wss://nostr.azzamo.net` (Freemium Free Relay)\ 📬 `wss://inbox.azzamo.net` (Freemium Inbox Relay)\ 📡 `wss://relay.azzamo.net` (Premium Europe Relay)\ 📡 `wss://us.azzamo.net` (Premium Americas Relay)\ 📡 `wss://asia.azzamo.net` (Premium Asia Relay) Nostr is growing fast. **Make sure your relays can keep up.** 🚀 #azzamo #grownostr #nostr #relay #relays #premiumrelay #paidrelay

@ 21ac2956:09d1e2df

## [kakoi](https://github.com/betonetojp/kakoi) の仕様についてのメモ ### キーボード操作 * 左手での操作に最適化 | キー | 動作 | |:-|:-| | ESC | 設定画面 | | F1 / F12 | ポストバーの表示と非表示 | | F2 | 時間の表示と非表示 | | F3 | ユーザーアイコンの表示と非表示 | | F4 | 名前の表示と非表示 | | F5 | Geminiによるタイムラインまとめ画面を表示 | | F9 / Z | コンテンツの折り返し表示の切り替え （余白ダブルクリックでも動作） | | F10 | ユーザーリストとキーワード通知の設定画面 （余白右クリックでも動作） | | F11 | メイン画面の表示と非表示 （ポストバー表示） | | Shift + W | イベント最上行へ移動 | | W / ↑| イベント選択上移動 | | S / ↓ | イベント選択下移動 | | Shift + S | イベント最下行へ移動 | | A / ← | Webビューを開く （イベントを右クリックでも動作） | | F / → | リアクションを送信 （イベントをダブルクリックでも動作） | | 1 ～ 0 | リアクションを選択 | | R | 返信 | | B | リポスト | | Q | 引用 | | C | Webビューを閉じる | | Ctrl + Shift + A | メイン画面をアクティブにする | ### タイムライン * kind:1, 6, 7, 16を取得して表示する * フォロイーの名前の前には * が付く ### フォローリスト（kind:3） * 参照のみで更新はしない * F10 で開くユーザーリストでユーザーを選択し petname セルをクリックすることで未フォローユーザーにもペットネームを設定可能（ローカル保存） ### プロフィール（kind:0） * F10 で開くユーザーリストでユーザーを選択し picture セルをクリックすることでユーザーのアイコン表示を変更可能（ローカル保存） ### 返信（[NIP-10](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/10.md) kind:1） * kakoi のタイムラインに流れるすべてのイベント種に返信可能とする * スレッドを考慮せず、単一イベントへの単発返信とする * e タグは marker と返信先 pubkey は設定していない。 relay-url には空文字を設定 ```json ["e", "返信先 event-id", ""] ``` * p タグは 返信先 pubkey ひとつだけを指定 ### リポスト（[NIP-18](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/18.md) kind:6 , 16） * kakoi のタイムラインに流れるすべてのイベント種をリポスト可能 * kind:1はkind:6。その他はkind:16でリポストする * e タグは relay-url に空文字を設定 ```json ["e", "リポスト元 event-id", ""] ``` ### 引用（[NIP-18](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/18.md) kind:1） * q タグは relay-url に空文字を設定 ```json ["q", "引用元 event-id", ""] ```

@ 8e56fde2:bb433b31

Let us introduce you to “**DoShit!**”: the **oracle that three friends created in order to combat creative block.** A self-produced card game made possible by the investment of a generous patreon who believed in us from the start, and in empowering people to Do their Shit.  <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/6b9439e70cc5ee3e82148bf9ee9533557cd2c8569f7e37b16f2d922ec981d2c8.jpg"> ## **What is DoShit! ?** **DoShit!** is a card game that guides you in the process of building a creative life. It’s a self-reflection tool when used individually, and also a great conversation starter when played with friends or strangers. **84 oracle cards** that will help you question your fears, your strengths, doubts, excuses… DoShit! is a great companion to bring along when meeting your friends or potential collaborators. Both individually as well as collectively, the game can become very addictive once you start asking about your projects and aspirations. Sometimes the cards even lay on you hard truths necessary on the journey to self-discovery The cards are very intuitive to understand accompanied by a language that sparks profound conversations in a lightweight manner. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/e677e9f2622d3eb86d8085a11ab85739ceaa884e3e26aa2f5c3c47a487012194.png"> Learning how to play takes less than 5 minutes and anyone can attempt to interpret the cards without any previous knowledge (even if it may feel scary at first). In fact, the card readings always benefit from people sharing their own interpretation of the cards. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/afae65997d5222e270bdabe9bbc8762f254514deba3a9b44dbf5da194722feb9.png"> Link to [video](https://youtu.be/ZvBzlznunVo?feature=shared) ## **Why DoShit! ?** As creators, we are very aware of the struggles of building a creative life and also of how easy it can be to limit ourselves, hide behind excuses, let fear win and quit. Our philosophy in response is “Do Shit”, yes, simply **do shit**, even if it ends up being shit… The important thing is to do it! Because when you Do Shit the project no longer dies in idea valley. And the more Shit you do the better you get at doing it, shortening the Gap between your expectations and your Shit.  That is why we created this tool, to accompany every DoShitter in the world on their journey (DoShitters being those who take responsibility for their Shit). These cards were born at a moment of creative block and search for answers, and we can guarantee this game has helped unstuck many people. It is also a great companion to unleash your creativity and reach beyond your comfort zone! <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/d08c811e48fca1187d894ae041174126172c24a06335b3e8655830f6247f9292.png"> ## **How did it get started?** The three of us (Mar, Elisabet & Marta) have known each other for years and we’ve always had a shared admiration for each other’s work as well as the desire to do a project together someday. One afternoon, with no specific expectations, simply wanting to enjoy ourselves without pressure, we started searching for an idea. Elisabet had some blank cards and Mar had been reading about tarot, and the idea simply sparked: we would do an oracle about the creative process with [the structure of the Hero’s Journey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hero%27s_journey) (a concept that had followed us since we studied film school together) as a backbone. That afternoon, the first prototype of DoShit! was made.  <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/c2a59b73465da2b4a42560b43f6fe1ec84681ccf577877aa2d6cbc43ef9382dd.png"> ## **The artistic process** The 84 unique cards were illustrated by Mar Delmar.  Each card is created manually with cut paper and gouache, creating first the different pieces that compose each card, and then placing them together in 3D to take the photo that becomes the final illustration.  The whole process took more than 8 months. Cards were painted and cut up in different locations (Barcelona, Tarragona, Castellar de n'Hug, Porrera y L'Argentera (Catalunya) y Castelo (Galicia)) where Mar attended artistic residencies along with a big box filled with the many octopuses in their envelopes, one for each card… ([Video ](https://www.instagram.com/reel/CkWQWDvj5Ab/?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==)of the process) <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/1a9a26add6e54ed30b4e48e44346567d0133934b56cbdd6e24335593d285fe22.png"> ## Where to buy this awesome Shit? - You can buy directly from our online [store](https://doshitters.bigcartel.com/product/doshit-oracle-card-game), but depending where you are in the world, shipping costs may showcase the literal cost of supporting small sellers. If you do buy it there use the promo code SATOSHI and get a small discount in return for your generosity &lt;3 - You can also buy it with bitcoin , the best money in the world, in [Plebeian Market](https://plebeian.market/products/doshitters@ditto.pub/doshit-creative-oracle-y0fdoz0u56 ) . Since you'd be using the best money in the world, we shaved off a bit from the price and shipping in comparison to our online store since we appreciate being paid in sound money :D - You can temporarily buy this Shit on the [A\*\*\*\*\*\* giant](https://a.co/d/8ygMa8p) with FREE Shipping depending of your location or prime subscription status, but we are going to be removing our beloved DoShitS from there soon due to our very negative experience with them portrayed in our article that you can find the link to at the bottom. In any case, if you read this far, THANK YOU. You can support our Shit by gifting this deck (to someone else, or to yourself :P) , zapping this article or simply sharing it around in the hopes that THE PEOPLE WHO NEED THIS SHIT, FIND THIS SHIT &lt;3 And if you want to know more about this inspiring product, don’t hesitate to get in touch with us. ### **We wish you the best on you creative adventures!** <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/865a8cee47bbcfe6bbcde6aa0a56d0a294d58eab99fae3414e99a7664ddcfc61.jpg"> **Join the #artMy** ARTICLE ON OUR HORRID EXPERIENCE TRYING TO MAKE "doShit!" CHEAPER TO GET FOR YOU: naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzprjklh3rdmxhj60knvpel0uk03vq3kyh4x3dlu2m7pgkcxa5xwe3qq247635g4v553t329e9x4rhvajhwvmrxahhgxv3ddc

@ e3168078:10f13b2c

ノス！ 最近Umbrel上のn8nを使ってstacker newsの記事を要約するNostr botを作ってみました。 その際にFirecrawlというスクレイピングのSaaSを使っていたんですがセルフホストできるようなので試してみました。 Firecrawlは動的なページも読めたりマークダウンへの変換をしてくれますが無料プランだと1ヶ月500ページの制限があり、セルフホストすれば気兼ねなく使えます！ 今回はUmbrel上のPortainerというアプリを使ってFirecrawlを動かせたのでその記録です。 ## 手順 まずはUmbrelにPortainerアプリをインストールします。 Poratinerは今回初めて使ったんですが独自のDockerコンテナをUmbrelで動かす際に推奨されているアプリのようです。  アプリを開いてパスワードの初期設定などを済ませるとダッシュボードが表示されるかと思います。 ここでStackという機能を使ってFirecrawlのDocker composeを一括で取り込むことができます。 新しいStackを作成する画面で以下を入力します。 Repository URL: https://github.com/mendableai/firecrawl Repository reference: refs/heads/main Compose path: docker-compose.**yaml** (デフォルトがymlになっててハマりました…）  上記に加えてenv varを設定する必要があるんですがPortainerでは上記の画像下部にあるように "Load Variables from .env file" からenvファイルを選択できます。 [Firecrawlのgithub](https://github.com/mendableai/firecrawl/blob/main/SELF_HOST.md)にあるように apps/api/.env.example をダウンロードし以下の内容を更新しPortainerに取り込ませます。 ``` USE_DB_AUTHENTICATION=false TEST_API_KEY=fc-test-key ``` あとはDeploy the stackを押して少し待つとfirecrawlのセットアップ完了です。 ## 確認 動作テストにはUmbrelの設定からAdvanced Settings -> Terminal -> Umbrel OSを開き以下のコマンドを実行ししマークダウンが返って来れば成功です。 ``` $ curl -X POST http://localhost:3002/v1/scrape -H 'Authorization: Bearer fc-test-key' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{ "url": "https://example.com", "formats": ["markdown"] }' {"success":true,"data":{"markdown":"Example Domain\n==============\n\nThis domain is for use in illustrative examples in documents. You may use this domain in literature without prior coordination or asking for permission.\n\n[More information...](https://www.iana.org/domains/example)","metadata":{"title":"Example Domain","ogLocaleAlternate":[],"scrapeId":"7c196348-6561-4ebb-bb8a-9121a29c64b5","viewport":"width=device-width, initial-scale=1","sourceURL":"https://example.com","url":"https://example.com/","statusCode":200}}} ``` またn8n等のUmbrelの他のアプリ（コンテナ）から利用する場合はlocalhostがコンテナ自身になってしまうので別のIP等（172.17.0.1）を使う必要があるのでご注意ください。 （[参考](https://community.n8n.io/t/the-service-refused-the-connection-perhaps-it-is-offline-n8n-and-nocodb/33587?utm_source=chatgpt.com)) 以上でUmbrel上でのFirecrawlセルフホストができるようになりn8nからも制限なく使えるようになりました。

@ c4b5369a:b812dbd6

 ### Unidirectional payment channels revisited #### Nodeless lightning - Reduce ecash mints custodial risk --- ### Sats N Facts The nostr:npub1yrnuj56rnen08zp2h9h7p74ghgjx6ma39spmpj6w9hzxywutevsst7k5cx unconference has just wrapped up. And what a blast it was. In the heart of northern Thailand, developers, researchers, content creators and more, came together to share ideas on how Bitcoin, Nostr and other free protocols are being used everyday to liberate people. Not only were stories shared from different community leaders on how embracing bitcoin has empowered them and their communities, but a big goal of the unconference was to bring bitcoin engineers and developers from various domains together in one room, unstructured, chaotic, and let them do their thing. At first, I thought not having a schedule might be boring, but oh boy was I wrong. There was so much stuff going on, it was hard to choose which session I would have to miss! ### Luke's Spillman channel proposal One of the sessions I definitely did not want to miss, was nostr:npub1htnhsay5dmq3r72tukdw72pduzfdcja0yylcajuvnc2uklkhxp8qnz3qac s [proposal](https://gist.github.com/lukechilds/307341239beac72c9d8cfe3198f9bfff) > Ecash mints funded with Spillman channels: The ultimate nodeless Lightning wallet . In true unconference fashion, he announced in the main room that the session was about to start, and that the people that are interested should meet him in the whiteboard corner in 10 minutes. The corner was packed, and Luke explained his proposal. ### What's a "[Spillman channel](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Payment_channels#Spillman-style_payment_channels)"? Essentially when we are talking about Spillman channels, what is meant are unidirectional payment channels (or [CLTV-style channels](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Payment_channels#CLTV-style_payment_channels)). An unidirectional payment channel means, only one party can send payments, but not receive, and the other party can only receive, but not send. They also expire after a predetermined amount of time, and must be closed.  At first glance, this might look kinda stupid. After all, we have [Poon-Dryja channels](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Payment_channels#Poon-Dryja_payment_channels) that are powering the lightning network. They are bi-directional, do not expire, and can be used to shuffle coins back and forth theorethically an unlimited amount of times. So, why bother with this stupid one-way channel? ### Simplicity is king People that have worked with lightning channels can sing you a song about complexity, state handling and risks about the current state of bidirectional payment channels. Essentially, There are a lot of requirements on both channel parties when it comes to Liveness (being online) and also state handling (continuous backups).  In some cases, especially when in the context of end-users wanting to perform payments on their mobile phone, they would appreciate it if there was not so much complexity and overhead involved. The gist of the idea is to combine unidirectional channels and ecash mints to achieve the following: A self custodial unidirectional payment channel to an ecash mint, massively reducing the senders liveness and state handling requirements when compared to a lightning channel. Sending payments through the mint will be done through swapping some of the channel balance for ecash tokens. At this point, the user is trusting the mint to honor the redemption of these tokens, while the remaining channel balance remains in self custody. This gives them better controll over their funds than just holding their entire balance custodied in the mint. The ecash tokens can then be redeemed to pay a lightning invoice, just the same as it is done now with normal cashu mints.  So this channel, that has no liveness or state management requirements for the sender, and must have a pre-defined close time, seems to be a perfect fit for the following usecase: 1. A `sender` receives his salary once a month. He opens a channel that is valid for one month. 2. The `sender` then can do his daily spending over this channel. He only trusts the `mint` with the amount for the current outgoing payment while it is swapped for ecash, waiting for redemption. 3. If the `sender` must receive funds (a refund for example), he can do so into the `mints` custody, by receiving ecash. He can spend his ecash funds first when doing his next payment, to reduce his custodial exposure. 4. When the channel expires, or runs out of funds, the `mint` closes the channel. From a consumer perspective, that just want to receive his salary and make frequent payments afterwards, this usecase seems to make a lot of sense. Obviously from a merchants perspective on the other hand, such a channel doesn't really work. But that's fine, it's not the problem we're trying to solve here. What do you think of this idea? Be sure to let me know in the comments! In the next article, we will dive into how such a system can be implemented today, using Bitcoin, Cashu and Lightning. We will also discover how the system can be improved, to make channels non-expiring (A collaborative idea between nostr:npub148jz5r9xujcjpqygk69yl4jqwjqmzgrqly26plktfjy8g4t7xaysj9xhgp and nostr:npub1htnhsay5dmq3r72tukdw72pduzfdcja0yylcajuvnc2uklkhxp8qnz3qac born at nostr:npub1yrnuj56rnen08zp2h9h7p74ghgjx6ma39spmpj6w9hzxywutevsst7k5cx ). So stay tuned!

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

Security is fundamental to any blockchain. It ensures that all tokens are secure. When talking about a virtual machine and the smart contract platform it forms, security comes in two main aspects: * The code running on the virtual machine must be secure * The virtual machine itself should also be designed to facilitate safer code execution The first aspect often gets sufficient attention. When it comes to [CKB](https://www.nervos.org/), we now encourage developers to write scripts in Rust for maximum security, reserving pure C code only for those who fully understand its risks. Additionally, higher-level languages have been introduced in CKB to strike a better balance between productivity and security. Virtual machine security was a major focus when CKB-VM was originally designed. Many potential risks were addressed at the architectural level, though some—despite thorough research—were still left open. One such issue is **Return-Oriented Programming (ROP)**—a rather ingenious attack. It exploits executable code that has been legitimately loaded into memory, making widely effective protections (e.g., [W^X](https://yakihonne.com/write-article)) futile. It spans multiple architectures and is constantly evolving. Although we’ve spent a great deal of effort in the early days on ROP, we did not implement specific countermeasures to prevent it. Now, with new RISC-V extensions now available, it is the perfect time to introduce design-level protections against ROP. ## Acknowledgments Before diving deeper, we would like to acknowledge Todd Mortimer from the OpenBSD team. His work on ROP mitigations at the OpenBSD kernel in 2018-2019 significantly inspired our research and this article. We highly recommend his [talk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZvSSHtRv5Mg), slide decks from [AsiaBSDCon 2019](https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-slides.pdf) and [EuroBSD 2018](https://www.openbsd.org/papers/eurobsdcon2018-rop.pdf), and this [paper](https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-paper.pdf) for a deeper understanding of ROP. Several examples on x64 ROP attacks in this post are also drawn from his research. ## Typical Attack Workflow While there are many sophisticated [ways](https://www.wired.com/2016/06/clever-attack-uses-sound-computers-fan-steal-data/) of attacks, a common attack on a program typically follows this process: Prepare a [shellcode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellcode)— a piece of binary code to perform specific actions (e.g., running a shell or other programs on the target computer). Exploit one possible vulnerability in the target system, most commonly a [buffer overflow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow) attack. The attack could be initiated via a network protocol (such as HTTP) against a remote system, or via command line input to a target program; As the result of the attack, the shellcode is inserted to a designated memory region of the target system and gets executed, allowing the attacker to achieve their goal. The consequences vary, like gaining unauthorized access to sensitive data, destroying certain data/machine, planting malicious programs onto the target for further actions, manipulating control flow. While traditional systems face a wide range of attacks, blockchains run in their own limited and unique runtime environment, rendering many conventional attacks irrelevant. Major blockchain security threats includes: * **Private key security**: Blockchain wallets rely on private keys, which are prime targets for various attacks. * **Smart contract vulnerability**: Poorly written smart contracts contain logic flaws that lead to security risks. * **Virtual machine security**: Attacker may send malicious inputs to a smart contract, causing it to terminate unexpectedly with a success status—despite lacking proper credentials. This post focuses specifically on attacks targeting the blockchain’s virtual machine—in our case—CKB Virtual Machine (CKB-VM) specifically. ## CKB’s Early Approach While it is impossible to predict every attack, disrupting the typical attack workflow is an effective defense strategy. From its inception, CKB-VM has implemented [W^X](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%5EX) protection: at any given time, any memory location in CKB-VM is either writable (allowing data modification) or executable (allowing data execution)—but never both. Once a memory region is marked as **executable**, it cannot be reverted to **writable** throughout the lifecycle of the current CKB-VM instance. Only writable memory location can be **frozen** to executable. This design significantly disrupts the typical attack workflow. For shellcode to execute on CKB-VM, it must reside in **executable** memory. However, an attacker can only provide shellcode as part of program inputs, which are loaded into **writable** memory. As long as a CKB script does not voluntarily mark input data as **executable** (a highly unlikely scenario), the shellcode remains inert. Additionally, attempting to overwrite existing **executable** shellcode is also futile, since executable memory region is unwritable, and cannot be converted back to writable. This way, W^X is a well-established security technique widely used in modern hardwares, operating systems, and virtual machines. Although it cannot prevent all possible attacks, W^X effectively shields many by breaking the standard attack workflow. Even if an attacker successfully injects shellcode into a target machine, the attack is incomplete due to the inability to execute it. ## Understanding ROP While W^X is effective, it does not solve all our problems. This leads to the topic of this post: **Return-oriented Programming (ROP)**. Instead of explicitly injecting new code, ROP exploits executable code that already resides in the target machine’s memory. Essentially, ROP builds a shellcode by chaining existing code snippets together that were never intended to function as such. It may sound like a fantasy, but as we shall see from the following examples, ROP is a practical and effective attack technique. To understand ROP, we must first examine modern CPU architecture and memory layout. While assembly instructions vary in representations and lengths, they are put together in memory one after another as a stream of bytes:  *Image [Source](https://www.quora.com/Is-assembly-language-a-source-code-or-object-code)* As seen in the above example, different assembly instructions come in different lengths. For x86-64 ISA, an instruction can range from 1 to 7 bytes (RISC ISAs such as ARM or RISC-V have more uniform instruction lengths—we will discuss it later). But in memory, instructions are stored sequentially without gaps. This means that with a stream of bytes alone, we really don’t know what instructions the stream of bytes consist of. In the above example, meaningful assembly instructions emerge only when we start decoding from the `B8` byte. In a different occasion, assuming we know elsewhere that `B8 22 11` bytes at the front are for certain magic flags, the decoding would start from `00` byte, yielding a totally different instruction set.  *Image [Source](https://www.quora.com/Is-assembly-language-a-source-code-or-object-code)* It is really the combination of a special program counter (`PC`) register from the CPU and the current memory stream, jointly determine the instructions the CPU executes. Depending on each different ISA or hardware, a booting process initializes a CPU’s `PC` register to a pre-defined value, then loads up instructions from this pre-defined address, and initializes everything related to the operating system. When a user launches a new program, the metadata for each program will contain an `entrypoint` address, where OS sets the CPU’s `PC` register to, in order to start executing the program. It is suffice to say that maintaining a proper `PC` value is a critical job to ensure a computer’s proper function. An invalid `PC` value might lead to a CPU malfunction at best, or at worst, leaking sensitive information or granting attackers unauthorized access. ### Forming an ROP Attack Via ROP Gadgets Let’s look at the following byte instruction stream in a x86-64 CPU: ``` 8a 5d c3 movb -61(%rbp), %bl ``` This 3-byte represents a `mov` instruction: it takes the address of `rbp` register, adds an offset of `-61`, then uses the result as a memory address to load 1 byte data, and finally sets the loaded data to `bl` register. However, if we ignore `8a` and only look at `5b c3` here, it actually represents a different instruction set: ``` 5d popq %rbp c3 retq ``` This byte sequence contains two instructions: * Pop 8-byte value from stack, and use it to set `rbp` register * Pop 8-byte value from stack, and use it to set `PC` register, so we continue executing from the new location We've briefly discussed that shellcode only fulfills a certain task required by the attacker. In fact, the most common type of shellcode simply construct a new shell, where the attacker can execute more operations. Such shellcode can be represented in the following C pseudocode to run a new command via the `execve` syscall: ``` execve(“/bin/sh”, NULL, NULL); ``` To execute this on an x86-64 CPU, the following actions are needed for a syscall: * `rax` register: must contain the syscall number, for `execve`, it is `59` * `rdi`, `rsi`, `rdx` registers: hold the first 3 arguments to the syscall. In this case, `rdi` holds a pointer to the C string `/bin/sh`; `rsi` and `rdx` must be zero. * The `syscall` instruction (or typically `int 80h` on x64) shall be executed A typical shellcode would be a packed assembly sequence directly doing all of the above instructions. In contrast, ROP attack looks for the following sequences: ``` # Those can set the value of different registers from values on the stack pop %rax; ret pop %rdi; ret pop %rsi; ret pop %rdx; ret # Finally, trigger the syscall syscall ``` Each of these small code sequences, are conventionally callled **ROP gadgets**. An attacker searches for these gadgets in the target program or system libraries (such as libc). Once these required gadgets are obtained, the attacker pieces together a sequence of data, much like the following:  With the prepared data sequence, the attacker can exploit a vulnerability in the target computer or program, such as typical buffer overflow attack. During this process, the attacker performs three key actions: * Pushes (or overwrites existing data) the crafted data sequence to the stack * Sets the stack pointer (top of the stack) to `X + 64` * Sets the `PC` register to the address of a code sequence, `pop %rax; ret` in the existing program or libc memory space Now the attack proceeds step by step as follows: 1. The CPU runs `pop %rax; ret`. With the stack pointer pointing to `X + 64`, the CPU pops `59` from the stack and sets `rax` register to `59`. It then pops the address to code sequence `pop %rdi; ret` from the stack, and sets `PC` to this value; 2. The CPU runs `pop %rdi; ret`. With the stack pointer pointing to `X + 48`, the CPU pops value `X`, pointing to the C string `/bin/sh` from the stack, and sets `rdi` register to `X`. It then pops the address to code sequence `pop %rsi; ret` from the stack, and sets `PC` to this value; 3. The CPU runs `pop %rsi; ret`. With the stack pointer pointing to `X + 32`, the CPU pops `0` from the stack and sets `rsi` register to `0`. It then pops the address to code sequence `pop %rdx; ret` from the stack, and sets `PC` to this value; 4. The CPU runs `pop %rdx; ret`. With the stack pointer pointing to `X + 16`, the CPU pops `0` from the stack and sets `rdx` register to `0`. It then pops the address to code sequence `syscall` from the stack, and sets `P`C to this value; 5. The CPU runs `syscall`. At this point, `rax` holds `59`, `rdi` points to `/bin/sh`, and both `rsi` and `rdx` are zero, the CPU invokes `execve("/bin/sh, NULL, NULL);`, granting the attacker a shell for further manipulations. This sequence of ROP gadgets, referred to as **ROP chains**, demonstrates how a complete ROP attack works. Two key takeaways are: * **ROP does not inject new code**. Instead, it injects data into the stack and leverages the existing code loaded in memory and marked them as executable. W^X protections hence cannot prevent ROP attacks. * **Attackers can mine ROP gadgets from the [libc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library) library**. This is because modern computers employs [protection rings](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_ring) as a way for privilege encapsulations: on x86-64 computers, programs normally run at ring level 3, while libc runs at ring level 1. Lower ring levels have higher privileges, meaning that even if a program misbehaves, its capacities are limited at ring level 3. However, by using ROP gadgets in the libc library which runs at ring level 1, ROP attacks can have higher privileges and execute more damaging operations then normal shellcodes. Note that the above examples simply show the most basic ROP gadgets. In reality, ROP gadgets come in all kinds of forms. Since they come from compiler outputs, they can be combined in the least expected way, and can vary the forms as new compiler optimizations come out. Numerous tools (e.g., [ropper](https://scoding.de/ropper/), [ropr](https://github.com/Ben-Lichtman/ropr)) and research papers (e.g., *[Experiments on ROP Attack with Various Instruction Set Architectures](https://dl.yumulab.org/papers/42/paper.pdf)*, *[ROPGMN](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167739X24005314)*, *[Detecting and Preventing ROP Attacks using Machine Learning on ARM](https://www.infosun.fim.uni-passau.de/ch/publications/compsac23.pdf)*, *[KROP](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.11880)* ) keep coming out, making it almost impossible to enumerate all possible ROP gadget combinations. ### ROP on ARM & RISC-V ROP attacks are not limited to CISC architectures, where instructions vary in length. They also affect RISC designs, such as [ARM](https://developer.arm.com/documentation/102433/0200/Return-oriented-programming) and [RISC-V](https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/37157938/ROP_RISCV.pdf). Take the following sequence for example: ``` 13 4f 83 23 0b 00 ``` Decoding from the start, the first four bytes represent `xori t5,t1,568` following the RISC-V ISA. But if we skip the first two, the latter four represent `lw t2,0(s6)`. This illustrates that a byte stream interpretation also requires `PC` register in a RISC design such as RISC-V. As a result, one can find ROP gadgets from a RISC-V program as well. ### ROP on CKB-VM CKB’s RISC-V machine operates in a more restricted environment: for programs running on CKB, there are no `execve` syscalls to hijack a running shell, and all runtime states are publicly visible on a public blockchain like CKB. However, ROP attacks can still occur on CKB: one could construct an ROP chain that sets `a0` to `0`, `a7` to `93`, then executes `ecall`. This causes CKB-VM to immediately return with a success code (`0`), potentially allowing a script to pass validation when it should have failed—such as a lock script succeeding without a valid signature. ### Short Recap Let’s briefly recap what we’ve learned so far: * ROP attacks utilize existing executable code for malicious purposes. W^X cannot prevent ROP. * ROP is possible across multiple architecture, including x86-64, ARM, RISC-V, and CKB. * The landscape of ROP is constantly evolving. With new tools, techniques, and research emerging regularly, it’s impossible to foresee all ROP gadgets. ROP has been extensively studied over the years, leading to various mitigation strategies, which can be broadly categorized into two main approaches: * **Software Solutions**: Covering techniques like rewriting code sequences and implementing Retguard to prevent the creation of ROP gadgets * **Hardware Solutions**: Introducing additional CPU instructions with Control Flow Integrity (CFI) checks to safeguard control flow. I’ll explore these strategies in greater detail in the following sections. ## Software Solutions to Mitigate ROP ### Rewriting Sequence Certain instruction sequences are often targeted to form ROP gadgets. To prevent ROP, one approach is to alter the compiler, so that such sequences can never be generated. Take the following example: ``` 89 c3 mov %eax,%ebx 90. ``` In x86-64, `c3` represents the `ret` instruction, making it a potential target for ROP gadgets. We can rewrite it into the following equivalent sequence: ``` 48 87 d8 xchgq %rbx, %rax 89 d8 movl %ebx, %eax 48 87 d8 xchgq %rbx, %rax ``` The new sequence lacks `c3` byte at the expense of more bytes and more executed instructions. However, it is really up to real benchmarks to see if this causes noticeable overhead. Further analysis has revealed that the `rbx` register in x86-64 is often the source of ROP gadgets, due to the way Intel encodes x86-64 instructions. Hence, the OpenBSD team decided to avoid `rbx` register wherever possible, reducing the number of potential ROP gadgets. Again, this approach comes at the cost of having bigger code fragments, more instructions to execute, and an additional patched compiler. While OpenBSD has integrated these changes into its distribution, other environments must weigh the benefits against the costs. For a deeper dive, I would strongly recommend Todd Mortimer’s [work](https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-slides.pdf). ### Retguard’s Solution: Prologue and Epilogue Todd Mortimer also introduced Retguard in this [work](https://www.openbsd.org/papers/asiabsdcon2019-rop-slides.pdf) for securing OpenBSD known. ROP attacks typically occur when you enter a function `foo`, but the stack was manipulated, so the CPU exits to another code fragment that is not `foo`. What if to verify that, at each function exit, it is the same function for exiting and entering? Retguard introduces two components to perform this task: * **Prologue**: A prologue is inserted to each function’s entry, taking two inputs: - - A `cookie` value, a random data assigned for this particular function. - - The return address, where to jump to when current function exits—as inputs. The prologue computes the XOR value of these two, and stores the result into the current function’s [frame](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_stack#Stack_and_frame_pointers) section, a dedicated memory region designated to the current function to hold data, separated from the stack. * **Epilogue**: An epilogue is inserted to the location where a function might exit. It takes two inputs: - - The saved XOR value from the prologue in the frame section - - The return address it now can access to (most likely popped from the stack in x64 machine, or read from a special `RA` register in RISC design) The epilogue computes the XOR of these two. If the result matches the original `cookie`, execution proceeds. Otherwise, the epilogue halts the program, signaling an error. This prologue-epilogue mechanism in Retguard guards the call stack from tampering. At a noticeable but acceptable cost (both in performance and code size), Retguard eliminates a significant number of ROP gadgets from the OpenBSD kernel. Like other software-based mitigations, it requires a patched compiler, and it is up to each environment to decide if such technique shall be employed. ## Hardware Advancements to Mitigate ROP In addition to software solutions, hardware-based defenses have also been developed. For instance, Intel has introduced [Indirect Branch Tracking](https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/client/platforms/alder-lake-desktop/12th-generation-intel-core-processors-datasheet-volume-1-of-2/007/indirect-branch-tracking/?language=en) feature starting with its 12th generation core processors, using a new instruction `endbr32` or `endbr64` added at every location the program might jump to or call into. When the CPU executes a jump/call, it asserts that the target location is a proper `endbr32` / `endbr64` instruction, before updating the program counter `PC` register to proper values. Otherwise, the CPU halts to terminate the program. This ensures that all control flows will follow the intended way, preventing ROP attacks from redirecting execution arbitrary locations. Modern OSes have already extensively leveraged `endbr32` / `endbr64` instructions. Ubuntu 24.04, for instance, has included these instructions in its packages: ``` $ objdump -d /bin/bash | head -n 50 /bin/bash: file format elf64-x86-64 Disassembly of section .init: 0000000000030000 <.init>: 30000: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30004: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp 30008: 48 8b 05 d9 7e 12 00 mov 0x127ed9(%rip),%rax # 157ee8 <__gmon_start__@Base> 3000f: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax 30012: 74 02 je 30016 <unlink@plt-0xe1a> 30014: ff d0 call *%rax 30016: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp 3001a: c3 ret Disassembly of section .plt: 0000000000030020 <.plt>: 30020: ff 35 a2 76 12 00 push 0x1276a2(%rip) # 1576c8 <o_options@@Base+0x1cc8> 30026: ff 25 a4 76 12 00 jmp *0x1276a4(%rip) # 1576d0 <o_options@@Base+0x1cd0> 3002c: 0f 1f 40 00 nopl 0x0(%rax) 30030: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30034: 68 00 00 00 00 push $0x0 30039: e9 e2 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3003e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30040: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30044: 68 01 00 00 00 push $0x1 30049: e9 d2 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3004e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30050: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30054: 68 02 00 00 00 push $0x2 30059: e9 c2 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3005e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30060: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30064: 68 03 00 00 00 push $0x3 30069: e9 b2 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3006e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30070: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30074: 68 04 00 00 00 push $0x4 30079: e9 a2 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3007e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30080: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30084: 68 05 00 00 00 push $0x5 30089: e9 92 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3008e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax 30090: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64 30094: 68 06 00 00 00 push $0x6 30099: e9 82 ff ff ff jmp 30020 <unlink@plt-0xe10> 3009e: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax ``` The `endbr32` / `endbr64` instructions has been carefully designed, so they are `nop` instructions—meaning they can do nothing at all—on CPUs prior to their introductions. Having them doesn't have any effect on older CPUs but enhances security on supported hardware. ## RISC-V’s Latest Achievements: CFI Extension The above mitigations against ROP fall into two categories: * **Compiler Modifications**: Can generate more secure binary assembly code. * **Additional CPU instructions**: Coming with Control Flow Integrity (CFI) checks to prevent exploitation Back to the beginning of designing CKB-VM, we throughly studied ROP and recognized that a vulnerability in a CKB script could potentially open the door to ROP attacks. However, we eventually did not introduce any specific mitigation against ROP in CKB-VM. Our decision was to stay aligned with the RISC-V ecosystem, avoiding shipping any custom RISC-V spec with additional instructions that would require a patched compiler. Nor do we want to maintain our own compiler set, eliminating the potential that any RISC-V-compliant compiler shall be able to produce CKB script. As the result, we shipped the first version of CKB-VM without ROP mitigations, but that does not mean we’ve ignore this issue: * We’ve [reached out](https://groups.google.com/a/groups.riscv.org/g/isa-dev/c/LyZzjJG7_18/m/pCSnKZPdBAAJ) to the RISC-V community for possible extension similar to Intel’s solution, and kept monitoring advancements in this field; * We’ve been watching over progress and writing secure CKB scripts. Since ROP relies on existing vulnerabilities, secure CKB scripts can kept ROP purely theoretical. We were thrilled when the **RISC-V CFI (Control-Flow Integrity) Extension** was officialy [ratified](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-cfi/releases/tag/v1.0) in July 2024. Designed by the brilliant minds from the RISC-V Foundation, this extension directly addresses ROP attacks with two key features: * `Zicfilp` extension introduces **landing pad**: Resembles Intel’s `endbr32` / `endbr64` to ensure that the CPU can only jump to valid, permitted targets. * `Zicfiss` extension introduces **shadow stack** with a series of instructions:. Offers a hardware solution similar to Retguard, where CPU ensures the control flow integrity or simply puts the call stack, preventing tampering throughout execution. Together, these features offer the state-of-the-art mitigations against ROP. More importantly, RISC-V CFI is now an official extension, meaning all future RISC-V CPUs, compilers, and tools will support this extension. In fact, LLVM 19 has already [supported](https://releases.llvm.org/19.1.0/docs/ReleaseNotes.html#changes-to-the-risc-v-backend), and I believe other compilers and tools will follow soon. Once fully adopted, CKB script developers can simply turn them on like a switch during code compilation. Without modifying the code, they can enjoy the security provided by RISC-V CFI extensions. Even if a vulnerability exists in a CKB script, these built-in enforcements can prevent it from being exploited. ## Final Words Security is complex. While we strive for maximum security, certain design principles might get in the way from introducing specific mitigations. ROP is a prime example: while we did learn much about it early on, implementing the best mitigations needs proper timing. Now the time has come. We are happy to introduce RISC-V CFI in CKB’s next hardfork, bringing stronger security for everyone. *** ✍🏻 Written by Xuejie Xiao His previous posts include: * [A Journey Optimizing CKB Smart Contract: Porting Bitcoin as an Example](https://blog.cryptape.com/a-journey-optimizing-ckb-smart-contract) * [Optimizing C++ Code for CKB-VM: Porting Bitcoin as an Example](https://blog.cryptape.com/optimizing-c-code-for-ckb-vm) Find more in his personal website [Less is More](https://xuejie.space/).

@ 58937958:545e6994

I made croquettes inspired by Spiral's character "Bitcoin (Puppet)."  The method is the same as making regular croquettes. I also tried making a version (right) with the arms and legs attached while shaping the filling, but they fell off before I could coat them in flour.  The face is made with seaweed and sliced cheese. The arms and legs are made with fish cake (hanpen). I brushed soy sauce on the legs and lightly toasted them in a toaster, which gave them a brown color.  The arms and legs are attached using thin spaghetti. When I searched for character-themed bentos (kyaraben), I came across the idea of using dried pasta, which made sense. I used fried spaghetti sticks for attachment. Here’s Bitcoin Croquette squished into a bento box:  Halving  Notes - I tried freezing the filling to help it hold its shape, but it backfired. It stuck to the plate and the cooking paper, and once partially thawed, it became way too watery. Freezing might work with better preparation. - The filling was quite dry when shaping, so it might be better to add a binder (this time, I only used potatoes and sautéed onions). The shape of Bitcoin Puppet was really easy and fun to make, so I’d love to try creating something else next time! nostr:nevent1qqsxgpjvf9g9suhzx5asqhvnlvnarl43kuhas8v5g2ryjr9yjjp0z5ctkh5pt

@ c2827524:5f45b2f7

## L’animo umano  Una delle entità più belle che esistono e che, a mio parere, rendono ancor più meraviglioso questo mondo, è **l’animo degli esseri umani**. È un cocktail fatto di sentimenti, intenzioni, azioni e logica. Quelli che preferisco sono gli animi gentili. Le azioni e le intenzioni devono convergere verso la delicatezza, senza una sbavatura, per essere gentili e io adoro la gentilezza, la riconosco al volo, forse perché non sono delicata. Per niente. L’animo è forse **uno dei più grandi segreti dell’umanità**: in genere perché lo si tiene sempre privato, come è anche logico che sia. C’è un solo fattore che fa rivelare l’animo alle persone, loro malgrado: uno stress test estremo. Dal febbraio del 2020, lo stress test si è tramutato in un organismo multidimensionale, uscendo dalla fantasia distopica di George Orwell e – loro malgrado – **tutti hanno dovuto manifestare l’animo segreto**. Fateci caso: è con il covid-1984 che avete scoperto la vera natura di amici, parenti, sconosciuti o conoscenti. ## Stato di eccezione  La distopia non è mica fuoriuscita da un laboratorio di Wuhan, che ha infettato un pangolino, che ha infettato una papera, che al mercato mio padre comprò. **Ha origini molto più antiche**. Profondi conoscitori dell’animo umano, in grado di prevedere le reazioni delle masse di fronte ad ogni tipo di evento, potrebbero progettare modelli catastrofici e predeterminare con una precisione disarmante la risposta delle persone comuni. Ad esempio di fronte alla probabilità che quattro aerei impazziscano nei cieli americani di una splendida mattina di settembre, oppure guardando i corpi smembrati di un attentato compiuto da una qualunque “sigla” islamica. Infine, potrebbero decidere come e quando dare una sferzata finale allo stress test, ad esempio con il pangolino. O era il pipistrello? È la *«forma legale di ciò che non può avere forma legale»*, più in generale lo spirito disumano dei governanti di oggi, la consuetudine della guerra preventiva, la quale impone con forza che *«lo stato di eccezione tende sempre più a presentarsi come il paradigma di governo dominante della politica contemporanea»*. Così analizza magistralmente Giorgio Agamben nel II° volume della raccolta Homo Sacer, intitolato per l’appunto [Stato di Eccezione](https://www.amazon.it/s?k=stato+di+eccezione+agamben&adgrpid=1234751876426057&hvadid=77172156923137&hvbmt=be&hvdev=c&hvlocphy=1861&hvnetw=s&hvqmt=e&hvtargid=kwd-77172234261086%3Aloc-93&hydadcr=18605_1867270&mcid=df58fe78258f374b81f1fd0eeaa1c659&msclkid=ea580711f461117b4cc160bdad34d584&tag=amamitsp-21&ref=pd_sl_7ni9dvsw1h_e). ## Stato indegno  Gli esseri umani, fondamentalmente miti e pacifici, tendono a condurre vite “normali” in ogni condizione ambientale. Un’unica variabile tende ad interferire per cambiare la condizione ambientale: la politica dello stato. E **lo fa in maniera sempre negativa**. Lo stato crea emergenze, per poi sbattere il suo (piccolissimo) pene sul tavolo e imporre con forza la soluzione, che tenderà puntualmente a facilitare la propria vita rendendo impossibile quella dei ~~cittadini~~ sudditi. Le disuguaglianze create hanno poi **il solo scopo di mettere** esseri miti e pacifici (ma sotto costante pressione) **gli uni contro gli altri**. Pensateci: da quanti decenni siete sotto la pressione di una *«forma legale di ciò che non può avere forma legale»*? Sentendo il Marchese del Grillo ***«Io so’ io, voi siete un cazzo»***, probabilmente è qualche secolo che questo stato indegno esiste. ## Vera natura o Nuda vita?  Il fatto, poi, che lo stato indegno venga accettato senza fiatare, fa parte di quella serie di reazioni delle masse e che i profondi conoscitori dell’animo umano sfruttano per mantenere il potere. Si passa poi alle peggiori angherie che lo stato indegno e i suoi agenti perpetrano nei confronti dei ~~cittadini~~ sudditi, alle estreme disparità tra ~~cittadini~~ sudditi e i “servitori” dello stato, chiamati così perché servono lo stato indegno e non i ~~cittadini~~ sudditi. Prima di arrivare alla sferzata finale dello stress test, persone miti e pacifiche hanno subito così tanti torti da non saperli più contare, ormai fanno parte della normalità. La loro esistenza è ormai ridotta a quello che Walter Benjamin prima e Giorgio Agamben poi definiscono la **Nuda Vita**, mettendo in analogia i sudditi con i detenuti di Guantanamo, giuridicamente innominabili e inclassificabili, ovvero ***«oggetto di una pura signoria di fatto»***. ## Il sontuoso master  Nello stato di eccezione in cui viviamo da almeno 50 anni, a parte pochi dotati di un immenso spirito di osservazione (e i profondi conoscitori al potere, chiaro), nessuno di noi ha mai avuto **veramente** il piacere di conoscere la reale natura delle persone con cui abbiamo scelto di circondarci. Magari c’era quel “piccolo tarlo”, quella “vocina” che ci ha fatto preferire alcuni piuttosto che altri, ma alla fine ha sempre prevalso l’attitudine mite e pacifica, che ha messo a tacere quella vocina. covid-1984 ha il merito di aver messo a nudo tutti: vittime e carnefici. Si tratta verosimilmente di **un sontuoso master che svelerà la vera natura di ognuno**, **nessuno escluso**. Ahinoi, il master è decennale e siamo appena all'inizio del V° anno accademico. ## Istruzioni, prima ancora che l’istruzione  Se c’è un consiglio che mi sento di dare a chi è ancora molto giovane, è proprio quello di non mettere mai a tacere quella “vocina”, per nessun motivo, seppure plausibile. Anche senza rovinare i rapporti, ma l’animo umano va sempre indagato, **si deve fare chiarezza sulla vera natura delle persone con cui si decide di fare un percorso di vita**. La scoperta porterà ad evitare tutti quei “servitori” dello stato di cose indegno di essere definito umano. I *compliant*, gli asserviti, quelli senza spina dorsale o, peggio, **che hanno un interesse personale a mantenere lo status quo** devono essere evitati a tutti i costi. È oltremodo doloroso, ma va fatto. Questi indegni devono essere isolati al più presto, in maniera da renderli innocui. Sono loro il vero esercito dello stato indegno, disposti a combattere qualunque guerra pur di rimediare un piccolissimo quanto ridicolo privilegio. Oggi, i tempi in cui questo esercito si abbassava a tanto per il classico piatto di lenticchie riscaldate, sono un lontanissimo ricordo. covid-1984 ha ulteriormente abbattuto lo standard: ora gli indegni fiancheggiano qualsiasi assurdità **in cambio di un piatto di lenticchie rimasticate dalla signoria di fatto**. L’unico risultato possibile è che l'infame stato rafforza il suo potere di controllo e rosicherà uno alla volta i (pochi) diritti e la libertà di chiunque. Ecco perché bisogna spuntare le armi di questo spregevole stato di cose colpendo l’anello debole, isolandolo. Debole perché non ci crede (nello stato) ma agisce asservito solo per quel piatto di lenticchie (quelle rimasticate e sputate). La prima volta che si incontrano, la vocina vi metterà di fronte alla sensazione di essere ai limiti di uno scontro frontale: capire da che parte andrà il rivale, per buttarsi in quella opposta ed evitare così uno schianto fatale. Fatelo: buttatevi dall’altra parte. E scegliete la parte giusta.

@ 58937958:545e6994

Spiralのキャラクター「ビットコイン（パペット）」のコロッケを作りました  作り方は一般的なコロッケです 試しにタネの状態で手足をくっつけたバージョン（右）も作りましたが 粉をつける前に手足がもげました  顔はのりとスライスチーズ 手足ははんぺんです 足は醤油をつけてトースターで軽く焼いたら茶色になりました  手足はサラスパでくっつけてます 細いスパゲッティ キャラ弁でググったらサラスパが出てきてなるほどな～と思いました 自分は揚げパスタにして刺しました 弁当箱に押し込まれてるコロッケくん  半減期  メモ - タネを作った時に形を保たせるために冷凍してみたんですけど逆効果だった（皿とクッキングペーパーにくっついて取れなくなった＆半解凍したら水分がすごいことになった）ので冷凍するなら対策が必要そう - 形作るときにかなりパサパサだったので、つなぎがあった方がいいのかも（今回はじゃがいも＆炒めタマネギだけ） ビットコインくんの形はすごく作りやすくて面白いのでまた何か作りたいなぁと思いました nostr:nevent1qqsxgpjvf9g9suhzx5asqhvnlvnarl43kuhas8v5g2ryjr9yjjp0z5ctkh5pt

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na [dvadesetjedan.com](https://dvadesetjedan.com/blog/bitcoin-privatnost-najbolje-prakse). ###### Autor: [Gigi](https://dergigi.com/2021/03/14/bitcoin-privacy-best-practices/) / Prevod na srpski: [Plumsky](https://t.me/Plumski) --- > Postoji sveto carstvo privatnosti za svakog čoveka gde on bira i pravi odluke – carstvo stvoreno na bazičnim pravima i slobode koje zakon, generalno, ne sme narušavati. Džefri Fišer, Arhiepiskop Canterberija (1959) Pre ne toliko dugo, uobičajen režim interneta je bio neenkriptovan običan tekst (plain text). Svi su mogli špiunirati svakoga i mnogi nisu o tome ni razmišljali. Globalno obelodanjivanje nadzora 2013. je to promenilo i danas se koriste mnogo bezbedniji protokoli i end-to-end enkripcija postaje standard sve više. Iako bitcoin postaje tinejdžer, mi smo – metaforično govoreći – i dalje u dobu običnog teksta narandžastog novčića. Bitcoin je radikalno providljiv protokol sam po sebi, ali postoje značajni načini da korisnik zaštiti svoju privatnost. U ovom članku želimo da istaknemo neke od ovih strategija, prodiskutujemo najbolje prakse, i damo preporuke koje mogu primeniti i bitcoin novajlije i veterani. #### Zašto je privatnost bitna > Privatnost je potrebna da bi otvoreno društvo moglo da funkcioniše u digitalnoj eri. Privatnost nije isto što i tajanstvenost. Privatna stvar je nešto što neko ne želi da ceo svet zna, a tajna stvar je nešto što neko ne želi bilo ko da zna. Privatnost je moć da se čovek selektivno otkriva svom okruženju. Ovim snažnim rečima Erik Hjus je započeo svoj tekst Sajferpankov Manifesto (Cypherpunk's Manifesto) 1993. Razlika između privatnosti i tajanstvenosti je suptilna ali jako važna. Odlučiti se za privatnost ne znači da neko ima tajne koje želi sakriti. Da ovo ilustrujemo shvatite samo da ono što obavljate u svom toaletu ili u spavaćoj sobi nije niti ilegalno niti tajna (u mnogim slučajevima), ali vi svejedno odlučujete da zatvorite vrata i navučete zavese. Slično tome, koliko para imate i gde ih trošite nije naručito tajna stvar. Ipak, to bi trebalo biti privatan slučaj. Mnogi bi se složili da vaš šef ne treba da zna gde vi trošite vašu platu. Privatnosti je čak zaštićena od strane mnogobrojnih internacionalnih nadležnih organa. Iz Američke Deklaracije Prava i Dužnosti Čoveka (American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man) Ujedinjenim Nacijama, napisano je da je privatnost fundamentalno prava gradjana širom sveta. > Niko ne sme biti podvrgnut smetnjama njegovoj privatnosti, porodici, rezidenciji ili komunikacijama, niti napadnuta njegova čast i reputacija. Svi imaju pravo da se štite zakonom protiv takvih smetnja ili napada. Artikal 12, Deklaracija Ljudskih Prava Ujedinjenih Nacija #### Bitcoin i privatnost Iako je bitcoin često opisivan kao anoniman način plaćanja medijima, on u stvari poseduje potpuno suprotne osobine. On je poluanoniman u najboljem slučaju i danas mnogima nije ni malo lako primeniti taktike da bi bili sigurni da njihov poluanonimni identitet na bitcoin mreži ne bude povezan sa legalnim identitetom u stvarnom svetu. Bitcoin je otvoren sistem. On je javna baza podataka koju svako može da proučava i analizira. Znači, svaka transakcija koja je upisana u tu bazu kroz dokaz rada (proof-of-work) postojaće i biće otkrivena dokle god bitcoin postoji, što znači - zauvek. Ne primenjivati najbolje prakse privatnosti može imati štetne posledice u dalekoj budućnosti. Privatnost, kao sigurnost, je proces koji je težak, ali nije nemoguć. Alatke nastavljaju da se razvijaju koje čuvaju privatnost kad se koristi bitcoin and srećom mnoge od tih alatki su sve lakše za korišćenje. Nažalost ne postoji panacea u ovom pristupu. Mora se biti svesan svih kompromisa i usavršavati te prakse dok se one menjaju. #### Najbolje prakse privatnosti Kao i sve u bitcoinu, kontrola privatnosti je postepena, korak po korak, procedura. Naučiti i primeniti ove najbolje prakse zahteva strpljivost i odgovornost, tako da ne budite obeshrabreni ako vam se čini da je to sve previše. Svaki korak, koliko god bio mali, je korak u dobrom pravcu. Koje korake preduzeti da bi uvećali svoju privatnost: * Budite u vlasništvu sami svojih novčića * Nikad ne ponavljajte korišćenje istih adresa * Minimizirajte korišćenje servisa koji zahtevaju identitet (Know your customer - KYC) * Minimizirajte sve izloženosti trećim licima * Upravljajte svojim nodom * Koristite Lightning mrežu za male transakcije * Nemojte koristiti javne blok pretraživače za svoje transakcije * Koristite metodu CoinJoin često i rano pri nabavljanju svojih novčića **Budite u vlasništvu sami svojih novčića**: Ako ključevi nisu tvoji, onda nije ni bitcoin. Ako neko drugo drži vaš bitcoin za vas, oni znaju sve što se može znati: količinu, istoriju transakcija pa i sve buduće transakcije, itd. Preuzimanje vlasništva bitcoina u svoje ruke je prvi i najvažniji korak. **Nikad ne kroistite istu adresu dvaput**: Ponavljanje adresa poništava privatnost pošiljalca i primaoca bitcoina. Ovo se treba izbegavati pod svaku cenu. **Minimizirajte korišćenje servisa koji zahtevaju identitet (KYC)**: Vezivati svoj legalni identitet za svoje bitcoin adrese je zlo koje se zahteva od strane mnogih državnih nadležnosti. Dok je efektivnost ovih zakona i regulacija disputabilno, posledice njihovog primenjivanja su uglavnom štetne po korisnicima. Ovo je očigledno pošto je česta pojava da se te informacije često izlivaju iz slabo obezbeđenih digitalnih servera. Ako izaberete da koristite KYC servise da bi nabavljali bitcoin, proučite i razumite odnos između vas i tog biznisa. Vi ste poverljivi tom biznisu za sve vaše lične podatke, pa i buduće obezbeđenje tih podataka. Ako i dalje zarađujete kroz fiat novčani sistem, mi preporučujemo da koristite samo bitcoin ekskluzivne servise koji vam dozvoljavaju da autamatski kupujete bitcoin s vremena na vreme. Ako zelite da potpuno da izbegnete KYC, pregledajte https://bitcoinqna.github.io/noKYConly/. **Minimizirajte sve izloženosti trećim licima**: Poverljivost trećim licima je bezbednosna rupa (https://nakamotoinstitute.org/trusted-third-parties/). Ako možete biti poverljivi samo sebi, onda bi to tako trebalo da bude. **Upravljajte svojim nodom**: Ako nod nije tvoj, onda nisu ni pravila. Upravljanje svojim nodom je suštinska potreba da bi se bitcoin koristio na privatan način. Svaka interakcija sa bitcoin mrežom je posrednjena nodom. Ako vi taj nod ne upravljate, čiji god nod koristite može da vidi sve što vi radite. Ova upustva (https://bitcoiner.guide/node/) su jako korisna da bi započeli proces korišćenja svog noda. **Koristite Lightning mrežu za male transakcije**: Pošto Lightning protokol ne koristi glavnu bitcoin mrežu za trasakcije onda je i samim tim povećana privatnost korišćenja bez dodatnog truda. Iako je i dalje rano, oni apsolutno bezobzirni periodi Lightning mreže su verovatno daleko iza nas. Korišćenje Lightning-a za transakcije malih i srednjih veličina će vam pomoći da uvećate privatnost a da smanjite naplate svojih pojedinačnih bitcoin transakcija. **Nemojte koristiti javne blok pretraživače za svoje transakcije**: Proveravanje adresa na javnim blok pretraživačima povezuje te adrese sa vašim IP podacima, koji se onda mogu koristiti da se otkrije vaš identitet. Softveri kao Umbrel i myNode vam omogućavaju da lako koristite sami svoj blok pretraživač. Ako morate koristiti javne pretraživače, uradite to uz VPN ili Tor. **Koristite CoinJoin često i rano pri nabavljanju svojih novčića**: Pošto je bitcoin večan, primenjivanje saradničkih CoinJoin praksa će vam obezbediti privatnost u budućnosti. Dok su CoinJoin transakcije svakovrsne, softveri koji su laki za korišćenje već sad postoje koji mogu automatizovati ovu vrstu transakcija. Samourai Whirlpool (https://samouraiwallet.com/whirlpool) je odličan izbor za Android korisnike. Joinmarket (https://github.com/joinmarket-webui/jam) se može koristiti na vašem nodu. A servisi postoje koji pri snabdevanju vašeg bitcoina istog trenutka obave CoinJoin tranzakciju automatski. #### Zaključak Svi bi trebalo da se potrude da koriste bitcoin na što privatniji način. Privatnost nije isto što i tajanstvenost. Privatnost je ljudsko pravo i mi svi trebamo da branimo i primenljujemo to pravo. Teško je izbrisati postojeće informacije sa interneta; a izbrisati ih sa bitcoin baze podataka je nemoguće. Iako su daleko od savršenih, alatke postoje danas koje vam omogućavaju da najbolje prakse privatnosti i vi sami primenite. Mi smo vam naglasili neke od njih i - kroz poboljšanje u bitcoin protokolu kroz Taproot i Schnorr - one će postajati sve usavršenije. Bitcoin postupci se ne mogu lako opisati korišćenjem tradicionalnim konceptima. Pitanja kao što su "Ko je vlasnik ovog novca?" ili "Odakle taj novac potiče?" postaju sve teža da se odgovore a u nekim okolnostima postaju potpuno beznačajna. Satoši je dizajnirao bitcoin misleći na privatnost. Na nivou protokola svaka bitcoin transakcija je proces "topljenja" koji za sobom samo ostavlja heuristične mrvice hleba. Protokolu nije bitno odakle se pojavio bilo koji bitcoin ili satoši. Niti je njega briga ko je legalan identitet vlasnika. Protokolu je samo važno da li su digitalni potpisi validni. Dokle god je govor slobodan, potpisivanje poruka - privatno ili ne - ne sme biti kriminalan postupak. Dodatni Resursi [This Month in Bitcoin Privacy](https://enegnei.github.io/This-Month-In-Bitcoin-Privacy/) | Janine [Hodl Privacy FAQ](https://6102bitcoin.com/faq-hodl-privacy/) | 6102 [Digital Privacy](https://6102bitcoin.com/blog/digital-privacy/) | 6102 [UseWhirlpool.com](http://usewhirlpool.com/) | Bitcoin Q+A [Bitcoin Privacy Guide](https://bitcoiner.guide/privacy/) | Bitcoin Q+A Ovaj članak napisan je u saradnji sa Matt Odellom, nezavisnim bitcoin istraživačem. Nađite njegove preporuke za privatnost na [werunbtc.com](https://werunbtc.com/) [Originalni tekst](https://dergigi.com/2021/03/14/bitcoin-privacy-best-practices/)

@ 8d5ba92c:c6c3ecd5

Keeping up with everything happening in Bitcoin isn’t easy, even if you’ve been around for a while. The pace is relentless: stream of events, discussions, projects, and updates, not to mention the noise on social media... One of the most efficient options to expand your knowledge and truly connect with people actively working in the space is through direct interactions, whether they’re happening at large conferences or smaller, semi-official meetups. But let’s be honest: finding all meaningful events can be a mess. Take, for example, the '['BTC Events Map](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1oni0QAHb2XYOL5gFVKHHGhG8w_HY5GDGBhdQ4SSrCZg/edit?ref=europeanbitcoiners.com&gid=0#gid=0),’ which already lists over 550 Bitcoin-only gatherings worldwide. This simple but very useful resource, put together by Satlantis, can help many of us plan our trips throughout the year. However, if you don’t know about its existence and rely solely on a search engine—whether Google or Brave—you’ll likely end up frustrated (and unfortunately missing many great opportunities to meet with others and learn). Search for '[bitcoin events],' and you’ll get a mix of irrelevant crypto, fintech, and Web3 results, with Bitcoin-related stuff buried somewhere in the middle, if at all.. Well, it’s really tough to find what you’re actually looking for. That’s why word of mouth and trusted communities are so important. Sometimes, the best way to hear about an event is directly from people you know. **One of those that flew under my radar was [SatsNFacts](nostr:npub1yrnuj56rnen08zp2h9h7p74ghgjx6ma39spmpj6w9hzxywutevsst7k5cx). It wasn’t listed on many typical event aggregators or any big news-promo sites. It mostly spread peer-to-peer and through the main channels on Nostr.** **I was ‘*lucky*’ enough to hear about it just in time to plan the trip from Europe to Thailand. Now, I’d like to briefly share my experience with you—everything that, in my opinion, made this event truly stand out.** ## A Journey to Southeast Asia... Approximately 10,176 kilometers, 14 hours of travel, and finally three days spent at SatsNFacts—"*Thailand’s first Bitcoin Technical Unconference*”. The event ran from February 8 to 10 in Chiang Mai (the largest city in northern Thailand). Held at Weave Artisan Society, a 700 sq.m venue that used to be an ice factory, it smoothly combined pleasant outdoors with an industrial-style, two-floor indoor area, creating a unique and very practical setup. ### Where Builders and Artists Collide While its was billed as a “Technical Unconference,” in practice it nicely connected the developer-based ecosystem with different aspects of culture and art. Each day, from 10 am to 6 pm, the agenda—shaped directly by attendees—was packed with various presentations, group chats, learning session, hackathons, and actionable workshops. With many options available (around 10-20 topics per day), I couldn’t attend everything, but here are a few more technical sessions I joined and found especially worthwhile: - **Liana Workshop** (long-term security, recovery, and inheritance), - **TollGates** ([streaming sats for internet access](nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzpwa4mkswz4t8j70s2s6q00wzqv7k7zamxrmj2y4fs88aktcfuf68qq2nz63h0969vn2xwse9j3n5ge4xsdr2ddc4j0g960h)), - **Open Vault** (enterprise wallet interface), - **Yaki Honne** ([decentralized media](https://yakihonne.com/)), - **Nostr Proxies** (Epoxy, WebSocket and relay monetization). - **Silent payments** (simplified payment experiences without compromising privacy). As mentioned earlier, SatsNFacts wasn’t just about Bitcoin tech. Some topics focused on community aspects as well. Two discussions I joined highlighted **Bitcoin adoption** ⚡ in for example **Bali and Thailand**, showing how sound money, integrity, and consistent work can solve real problems in these regions. Impressive stuff! Here you can learn more: - [HuaiPhueng on Geyser](https://geyser.fund/project/huaiphuengproject?hero=geyser) + "Bitcoin City" (their [short video ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=211meP4liIo)). - Bitcoin Indonesia & Bitcoin House Bali (all in one [on GitHub ](https://github.com/bitcoinindo21)) ----------- **Now, the art gallery, to continue with less technical aspects of SatsNFacts** 🎨 This nicely-organized space located on the ground floor, near cozy coworking and networking spots, was for me a real gem. Indeed, adding a creative vibe to the entire event. Around 30 unique works from local and international artists were on display, all inspired by themes of freedom and privacy. Though I don’t see myself as a typical 'artist', I was honored to have some of my own pieces exhibited there as well (a short video 👇). One of the highlights was meeting local Thai artists, especially [Siritravelsketch]( nostr:npub14lqzjhfvdc9psgxzznq8xys8pfq8p4fqsvtr6llyzraq90u9m8fqevhssu), who travelled six hours by train just one way to attend two days of the event. Her stunning paintings, created using just a bamboo stick and ink, are deeply inspired by Thai architecture and culture. While some of her pre-prepared pieces hung in the gallery, she also painted a few new works on the spot during her visit. **Truly spectacular!**  I also had the chance to reconnect with [Satoshi Builds](nostr:npub19m7m3rs66pfdn4ewhrm8slh60ukyxgrylaa03m73wa40j39lc03syq4gfu), who made many great sketches during this event, and with [BitPopArt](nostr:npub1gwa27rpgum8mr9d30msg8cv7kwj2lhav2nvmdwh3wqnsa5vnudxqlta2sz), a Dutch artist who, just like me, chosen a nomadic lifestyle yet has been clearly considering Thailand his 'second home' as well for several years now. By the way, ✍️ here's his short summary of the event, focusing more on the artistic side of SatsNFacts: "[Art exhibition in Chiang Mai ](https://bitpopart.com/2025/02/11/art-exhibition-in-chiang-mai/)". All in all, spending my time in many meaningful conversations and seeing so many deep artworks in one place filled me with hope and positive energy. THANK YOU, EVERYONE! https://v.nostr.build/Fy7J510ZaNyMktIX.mp4 (*** presented artworks by for example: [Agi Choote](nostr:npub1tlacuxmtv2wqud9qz0ujnr4mqavmnz3ayspfj93jr40tgf2mvu6seax3y7), [Samhain](nostr:npub1df47g7a39usamq83aula72zdz23fx9xw5rrfmd0v6p9t20n5u0ss2eqez9), [Zed Erwan](nostr:npub1r2sah0htqnw7xrs70gq00m48vp25neu8ym2n2ghrny92dqqf7sest8hth0), [Existing Sprinkles](nostr:npub1f5kc2agn63ecv2ua4909z9ahgmr2x9263na36jh6r908ql0926jq3nvk2u), [AZA 21m ](nostr:npub134d6jtyveg74cuuj7qun4v2m6r7x7c6ryk69z4q7pa7f43kran2sl2yggk), [BitPopArt](nostr:npub1gwa27rpgum8mr9d30msg8cv7kwj2lhav2nvmdwh3wqnsa5vnudxqlta2sz) .) ----------- ## Mr. Rabbit in Thailand... Monday, the final evening, and SatsNFacts got one more item on its agenda rooted in creative expression and independent art. Representing [Bitcoin FilmFest](nostr:npub1rjtrs7xqdvj3588r9njrexh2n750j7jdwx9qs543nutmdsj6ljaqpfmp8a) (a grassroots project created by an amazing group of freedom fighters and activists 🐇🧡), since I was the only one from our team in Thailand, in one of the rooms upstairs, I put together a mini cinematic experience. Seven trailers and eleven shorts, including for example: * NO MORE INFLATION, HUMMINGBIRD, PARALLEL SPACE, UNBANKABLE, THE LEGEND OF LANDI (🎬 some of the trailers). * BITCOIN A NEW HOPE, SATOSHI NAKAMOTO - THE CREATOR OF BITCOIN, MAXIS CLUB SHOW - CHAPTER ONE, THE GREATEST HEIST IN HISTORY, HODL, THE ANATOMY OF BITCOIN – GENESIS BLOCK (📺 some of the presented shorts) With around 10-15 participants, the response was positive, and we ended up spending an extra 10-maybe-20 minutes discussing the challenges and opportunities in Bitcoin-powered filmmaking, as well as the upcoming edition of [BFF25](https://bitcoinfilmfest.com/bff25/) (the annual festival we're organizing this May in Warsaw, Poland). https://i.nostr.build/RE3mKJacw5vB23V6.png ----------- ## Substance Over Hype. [SatsNFacts](https://satsnfacts.btc.pub/) made a solid reminder that Bitcoin events can help build a truly sovereign future while bringing together developers and artistic souls alike. The mix of technical depth and creative energy—free from the shiny gossip that floods many social channels—made it a truly meaningful experience. > SatsNFacts set a high standard, and I hope to see more events like it in the future. More unconferences, more cultural and community-driven gatherings. Here's to more signal, less noise!!! Big congrats to everyone who made the first SatsNFacts happen 👏 Respect especially to the organizers! You pulled off something truly special! ----------- *BTC Your Mind. Let it Beat.... Şela*

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqs0df2mwnp2q6hm6zjrthkmx3fudwsuwrmgnwrdavpzgjy8nnuqm5cqpd06k nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqs2muhvnev5367ywuzkhell9my86jlnzhsnuszwl46tnc3fpsx9mtgjkqnu7 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqsznnkrl8qdwzgp7ry2hc7a77kwhg440gv9xtmvyfawggrpz3rhwvcx4rckf nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqsyjf80k3djt96qncgvwl2yem09fdqcc0y9l8t657yc9qg2yhmg7kcnua8vn nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qqs0s3lp0w0yclk64j0tpc5fvrulv78g2lfjz3gcgacw9mt6czek26qtqxuck nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qywhwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnrdakhq6tvv5kk2unjdaezumn9wsqs6amnwvaz7tmev9382tndv5qjqamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fddfczumn0wd68ytnhd9ex2erwv46zu6nsqqs89tst72clc60wse3zq4qfs0976y7areffnhx26atvu6pv58hg6dsxvcc79 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr3mhxue69uhhxun5wfjkccte9e3j6um5v4kxcctj9ehx2aqqyp5k40r3ug02yz5y0tn67tm2lwevuwac54qyw3yyct8n8uzr7pjz2q92pyt nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqqyp9pennjwq2qk4dxpr440wxqm5cfwah4qccd8la62hantxdelkk82ty9mr8 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qqsz9w30kxzjshwd8sq7jg2hsy2hwqg3zu7gyvxnsyrgfw0ur4rkhsg9v0re4 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qqs8wkx2r8txt9q69c3zvpqs2em2s40nc8tajmcc5l8ngxn8v2ng3sc43xvzu nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqqyzdkacpjqvv2y79zgvufx9jh39rd7xa8v056rgn4xelmnmrq9u2tuguswek nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qy2hwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnyv96xztngv96hxqpqmdtjrs38fv8r20deplrlt8fma54gu43keuzquzks7673a27ud58slunr8y nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucm0d4cxjmr994jhyun0wghxuet5qqsxzpx2r5hd36pruzn2e58wh947y2t0t205fp5xtstqp5wq0qgcjuq07rqlk

@ 21a37315:affe6e25

Bond Back Guarantee Cleaning: Get Your Full Deposit Back with Ease! Moving out of a rental property can be stressful, especially when it comes to ensuring you get your bond back. One of the biggest reasons tenants lose part of their deposit is due to cleaning issues. That’s where Bond Back Guarantee Cleaning comes in—offering a hassle-free solution to meet the landlord’s expectations and secure your deposit. What is Bond Back Guarantee Cleaning? Bond back cleaning is a professional deep-cleaning service that ensures your rental property meets the cleanliness standards required by landlords or property managers. A bond back guarantee means the cleaning service is so thorough that if the landlord is not satisfied, the company will return to fix any issues at no extra cost. Why is Bond Cleaning Important? When vacating a rental, your bond (security deposit) is held by the landlord or real estate agency. If the property is not returned in the same condition as when you moved in (excluding normal wear and tear), deductions will be made from your bond. A professional bond cleaning service helps prevent this by covering all essential areas: ✅ Deep carpet and floor cleaning ✅ Kitchen degreasing and appliance cleaning ✅ Bathroom scrubbing and sanitization ✅ Wall and skirting board washing ✅ Window and glass polishing ✅ Dusting and cobweb removal Benefits of Hiring a Bond Back Guarantee Cleaning Service 100% Bond Refund Assurance – With a guarantee, you can be confident that your cleaning meets the required standards. Time & Stress Saver – Moving is already a big task; let professionals handle the cleaning. Meets Real Estate Requirements – Experts know what property managers look for in an exit clean. Affordable & Cost-Effective – Losing your bond can cost more than hiring a cleaning service. How to Choose the Right Bond Back Cleaning Service? ✔️ Check for a written bond back guarantee ✔️ Look for customer reviews and ratings ✔️ Ensure they cover a full checklist of cleaning tasks ✔️ Ask about their re-cleaning policy Final Thoughts A Bond Back Guarantee Cleaning service is an investment in peace of mind. With professionals ensuring your rental is spotless, you can move out stress-free, knowing your full bond refund is secured. Need reliable bond cleaning? Contact us today for a guaranteed spotless exit!

@ 04ed2b8f:75be6756

Freedom. It’s the word on everyone’s lips, the dream of every soul. We long for it, we chase it, we believe that if we can break free from this chain or that constraint, we will finally be free. **But true freedom is not about external circumstances—it’s about control.** The truth is, **the most powerful chains are the ones we place on ourselves**. The world can throw its challenges at you, life can dish out its unfair blows, but **if you cannot control yourself, your thoughts, your emotions, your reactions, then you are no different than a prisoner.** There is no freedom in chaos. There is no freedom in losing control. **Freedom is mastery—mastery of the self.** ## **Freedom Begins Within** You can have all the money in the world, live in the most luxurious place, and have every material possession your heart desires, but **if you cannot control your impulses, your habits, your desires—none of that will matter.** You are still a slave to your cravings. You are still a puppet to your own emotions, and that is **no real freedom.** What does freedom look like? - **It’s the power to act with purpose, not to react out of emotion.** - **It’s the strength to stay disciplined when every part of you wants to quit.** - **It’s the courage to say ‘no’ to distractions, to temptation, to things that steer you off course.** - **It’s the clarity to make choices that serve your growth, not your immediate desires.** True freedom is the ability to say, “I am in control of myself. I do not let my circumstances control me, nor my emotions rule me. I dictate my actions, my thoughts, my destiny.” ## **Self-Control: The Ultimate Weapon** The power to control yourself is your greatest weapon. Without it, **you are at the mercy of every challenge, every temptation, and every fleeting emotion**. You may feel like you are “free,” but without self-discipline, you are just a puppet swaying in the wind, vulnerable to every whim that blows your way. - **The impulse to procrastinate? You overcome it.** - **The desire to give up? You push through it.** - **The craving for comfort? You choose growth.** In the face of any storm, a man with self-control remains grounded, focused, and clear. He doesn’t react in anger or fear—he acts with purpose, with precision, and with vision. A man who cannot control himself is a man who is owned by his emotions, his desires, his distractions. But the man who conquers his mind, his body, his impulses—he is the one who **owns his life.** ## **The Price of Freedom** It’s not easy to control yourself. It requires constant effort, relentless discipline, and the courage to face yourself head-on. It means saying ‘no’ to what feels good now, to invest in what will make you stronger later. It means constantly improving, constantly fighting the urge to quit, to give in, to indulge in comfort. But the price of freedom is worth it. **For when you have control over yourself, no one can take your power.** You become the master of your fate. **You become unshakable.** ## **Freedom Through Discipline** So, ask yourself: **Are you truly free, or are you simply a slave to your impulses?** - **Do you control your actions, or do your actions control you?** - **Are you the master of your emotions, or are they the masters of you?** Freedom isn’t just about having no chains; it’s about not letting anything control you—least of all yourself. **And when you control yourself, there’s nothing you can’t accomplish.** A man who cannot control himself is never truly free. But a man who conquers his mind, his habits, his emotions—he is unstoppable. **Now go and choose to control yourself, and unlock the freedom that’s waiting for you. Or remain a prisoner to your impulses, forever shackled by the chains of your own making. The choice is yours.**

@ d360efec:14907b5f

  Bitcoin (BTCUSDT) กำลังอยู่ในช่วงหัวเลี้ยวหัวต่อ แม้ว่าแนวโน้มหลักในระยะกลางถึงยาว (TF Day & 4H) จะยังคงเป็นขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่ง แต่ในระยะสั้นมาก (TF15) กลับแสดงสัญญาณของความอ่อนแอและการปรับฐานลงมาอย่างรวดเร็ว แนวโน้ม: * TF Day: ขาขึ้น (Uptrend) แข็งแกร่ง – ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA 50 และ EMA 200, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Higher Highs (HH) และ Higher Lows (HL) อย่างต่อเนื่อง * TF4H: ขาขึ้น (Uptrend) ชัดเจน – ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA, มีการพักตัวลงมา (Pullback) แต่ยังไม่เสียโครงสร้างขาขึ้น * TF15: ขาลง (Downtrend) ระยะสั้นมาก – ราคาหลุด EMA และแนวรับย่อย, โครงสร้างราคาเริ่มเป็น Lower Highs (LH) และ Lower Lows (LL) โครงสร้างราคา (SMC): * TF Day: ยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (HH, HL, BOS) * TF4H: ยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (HH, HL, BOS), มี Equal Highs (EQH) ที่เป็นแนวต้าน * TF15: บ่งบอกถึงแนวโน้มขาลงระยะสั้น (BOS ด้านล่าง, LH, LL), มี EQH เป็นแนวต้าน Money Flow (LuxAlgo): * TF Day: Money Flow: โดยรวมเป็นสีเขียว แสดงถึงแรงซื้อที่ยังคงมีอิทธิพลเหนือกว่า แต่ก็มีแท่งสีแดงแทรกบ้าง บ่งบอกถึงการขายทำกำไรในบางช่วง * TF4H: Money Flow: โดยรวมเป็นสีเขียว แต่เริ่มมีแท่งสีเขียวสั้นลง และมีแท่งสีแดงยาวขึ้น แสดงว่าแรงซื้อเริ่มอ่อนแรงลง และมีแรงขายเข้ามา * TF15: Money Flow: สีแดงมีอิทธิพลเหนือกว่าสีเขียวอย่างชัดเจน และแท่งสีแดงค่อนข้างยาว แสดงถึงแรงขายที่แข็งแกร่ง EMA (Exponential Moving Average): * TF Day & 4H: EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวรับสำคัญ * TF15: EMA 50 & 200 กลายเป็นแนวต้าน หลังจากราคาหลุดลงมา แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ: | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | |---|---|---| | Day | EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 96,000-98,000 (Volume Profile), 85,724.7 | 109,998.9 (High เดิม) | | 4H | EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 96,000-98,000 (Volume Profile, Equilibrium), 89,037.0 | 109,998.9 (EQH, High เดิม) | | 15m | 95,200 (Low ล่าสุด), 94,707.4 (Low ก่อนหน้า) | EMA 50, EMA 200, บริเวณ 96,000, 96,807.8, 97,000-97,200 | กลยุทธ์ (BTCUSDT): * Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุดในตอนนี้): * เนื่องจาก TF15 ขัดแย้งกับ TF Day & 4H อย่างชัดเจน การ "รอ" ให้ตลาดเฉลยทิศทางที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ เป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยที่สุด * สังเกตพฤติกรรมราคา (Price Action) บริเวณแนวรับ-แนวต้านใน TF15 * Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - ต้องระมัดระวังอย่างสูง: * สำหรับนักลงทุนระยะกลาง-ยาว ที่เชื่อมั่นในแนวโน้มขาขึ้น * เงื่อนไข: ต้องรอสัญญาณการกลับตัวของราคาใน TF15 ก่อน เช่น * การ Breakout แนวต้านย่อยๆ พร้อม Volume * การเปลี่ยน Money Flow (LuxAlgo) เป็นสีเขียว (ถ้ามี) * การเกิด Bullish Candlestick Patterns * จุดเข้า: บริเวณ EMA 50/200 ของ TF Day หรือ 4H, หรือบริเวณแนวรับอื่นๆ ที่มีนัยสำคัญ * Stop Loss: ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือต่ำกว่าแนวรับที่เข้าซื้อ * Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก): * สำหรับนักเก็งกำไรระยะสั้น ที่รับความเสี่ยงได้สูง * เงื่อนไข: ราคาไม่สามารถกลับขึ้นไปยืนเหนือ EMA ของ TF15 ได้ * จุดเข้า: บริเวณ EMA ของ TF15 หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ * Stop Loss: เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือเหนือแนวต้านที่เข้า Short คำแนะนำ: * ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes: การที่ TF15 ขัดแย้งกับ TF Day & 4H เป็นสิ่งที่ต้องระวังอย่างมาก * Volume: การ Breakout หรือ Breakdown ใดๆ ควรมี Volume สนับสนุน เพื่อยืนยันความน่าเชื่อถือ * Risk Management: สำคัญที่สุด ไม่ว่าจะเลือกกลยุทธ์ใด ต้องมีการบริหารความเสี่ยงที่ดี (ตั้ง Stop Loss, ไม่ Overtrade) * ข่าวสาร: ติดตามข่าวสารที่อาจส่งผลกระทบต่อราคา Bitcoin สรุป: สถานการณ์ของ BTCUSDT ตอนนี้ค่อนข้างซับซ้อนและมีความเสี่ยงสูง การ "รอ" อาจเป็นทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุดสำหรับนักลงทุนส่วนใหญ่ จนกว่าจะเห็นสัญญาณที่ชัดเจนมากขึ้นค่ะ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na [dvadesetjedan.com](https://dvadesetjedan.com/blog/niko-ne-moze-zabraniti-bitcoin) ###### Autor: [Parker Lewis](https://x.com/parkeralewis) / Prevod na srpski: [Plumsky](https://t.me/Plumski) --- Ideja da država može nekako zabraniti bitcoin je jedna od poslednjih faza tuge, tačno pred prihvatanje realnosti. Posledica ove rečenice je priznanje da bitcoin “funkcioniše”. U stvari, ona predstavlja činjenicu da bitcoin funkcioniše toliko dobro da on preti postojećim državnim monopolima nad novcem i da će zbog toga države da ga unište kroz regulativne prepreke da bi eliminisale tu pretnju. Gledajte na tvrdnju da će države zabraniti bitcoin kao kondicionalnu logiku. Da li bitcoin funkcioniše kao novac? Ako je odgovor „ne“, onda države nemaju šta da zabrane. Ako je odgovor „da“, onda će države da probaju da ga zabrane. Znači, glavna poenta ovog razmišljanja je pretpostavka da bitcoin funkcioiniše kao novac. Onda je sledeće logično pitanje da li intervencija od strane države može uspešno da uništi upravo taj funkcionalan bitcoin.  Za početak, svako ko pokušava da razume kako, zašto, ili da li bitcoin funkcioniše mora da proceni ta pitanja potpuno nezavisno od prouzrekovanja državne regulacije ili intervencije. Iako je nesumnjivo da bitcoin mora da postoji uzgred državnih regulativa, zamislite na momenat da države ne postoje. Sam od sebe, da li bi bitcoin funkcionisao kao novac, kad bi se prepustio slobodnom tržištu? Ovo pitanje se širi u dodatna pitanja i ubrzo se pretvara u bunar bez dna. Šta je novac? Šta su svojstva koja čine jednu vrstu novca bolje od druge? Da li bitcoin poseduje ta svojstva? Da li je bitcoin bolja verzija novca po takvim osobinama? Ako je finalni zaključak da bitcoin ne funkcioniše kao novac, implikacije državne intervencije su nebitne. Ali, ako je bitcoin funkcionalan kao novac, ta pitanja onda postaju bitna u ovoj debati, i svako ko o tome razmišlja bi morao imati taj početnički kontekst da bi mogao proceniti da li je uopšte moguće zabraniti. Po svom dizajnu, bitcoin postoji van države. Ali bitcoin nije samo van kontrole države, on u stvari funkcioniše bez bilo kakve saradnje centralizovanih identiteta. On je globalan i decentralizovan. Svako može pristupiti bitcoinu bez potrebe saglasnosti bilo koga i što se više širi sve je teže cenzurisati celokupnu mrežu. Arhitektura bitcoina je namerno izmišljena da bude otporna na bilo koje pokušaje države da ga zabrane. Ovo ne znači da države širom sveta neće pokušavati da ga regulišu, oporezuju ili čak da potpuno zabrane njegovo korišćenje. Naravno da će biti puno bitki i otpora protiv usvajanja bitcoina među građanima. Federal Reserve i Američki Treasury (i njihovi globalni suparnici) se neće ležeći predati dok bitcoin sve više i više ugrožava njihove monopole prihvatljivog novca. Doduše, pre nego što se odbaci ideja da države mogu potpuno zabraniti bitcoin, mora se prvo razumeti posledice tog stava i njegovog glasnika. #### Progresija poricanja i stepeni tuge Pripovesti skeptičara se neprestano menjaju kroz vreme. Prvi stepen tuge: bitcoin nikad ne može funkcionisati-njegova vrednost je osnovana ni na čemu. On je moderna verzija tulip manije. Sa svakim ciklusom uzbuđenja, vrednost bitcoina skače i onda vrlo brzo se vraća na dole. Često nazvano kao kraj njegove vrednosti, bitcoin svaki put odbija da umre i njegova vrednost pronađe nivo koji je uvek viši od prethodnih ciklusa globalne usvajanja. Tulip pripovetka postaje stara i dosadna i skeptičari pređu na više nijansirane teme, i time menjaju bazu debate. Drugi stepen tuge predstoji: bitcoin je manjkav kao novac. On je previše volatilan da bi bio valuta, ili je suviše spor da bi se koristio kao sistem plaćanja, ili se ne može proširiti dovoljno da zadovolji sve promete plaćanja na svetu, ili troši isuviše struje. Taj niz kritike ide sve dalje i dalje. Ovaj drugi stepen je progresija poricanja i dosta je udaljen od ideje da je bitcoin ništa više od bukvalno bezvrednog ničega. Uprkos tim pretpostavnim manjcima, vrednost bitcoin mreže nastavje da raste vremenom. Svaki put, ona ne umire, nasuprot, ona postaje sve veća i jača. Dok se skeptičari bave ukazivanjem na manjke, bitcoin ne prestaje. Rast u vrednosti je prouzrokovan jednostavnom dinamikom tržišta: postoji više kupca nego prodavca. To je sve i to je razlog rasta u adopciji. Sve više i više ljudi shvata zašto postoji fundamentalna potražnja za bitcoinom i zašto/kako on funkcioniše. To je razlog njegovog dugotrajnog rasta. Dokle god ga sve više ljudi koristi za čuvanje vrednosti, neće pasti cena snabdevanja. Zauvek će postojati samo 21 milion bitcoina. Nebitno je koliko ljudi zahtevaju bitcoin, njegova cela količina je uvek ista i neelastična. Dok skeptičari nastavljaju sa svojom starom pričom, mase ljudi nastavljaju da eliminišu zabludu i zahtevaju bitcoin zbog njegovih prednosti u smislu novčanih svojstva. Između ostalog, ne postoji grupa ljudi koja je više upoznata sa svim argumentima protiv bitcoina od samih bitcoinera.  Očajanje počinje da se stvara i onda se debata još jedanput pomera. Sada nije više činjenica je vrednost bitcoina osnovana ni na čemu niti da ima manjke kao valuta; sada se debata centrira na regulaciji državnih autoriteta. U ovom zadnjem stepenu tuge, bitcoin se predstavlja kao u stvari isuviše uspešnom alatkom i zbog toga države ne smeju dozvoliti da on postoji. Zaista? Znači da je genijalnost čoveka ponovo ostvarila funkcionalan novac u tehnološko superiornoj formi, čije su posledice zaista neshvatljive, i da će države upravo taj izum nekako zabraniti. Primetite da tom izjavom skeptičari praktično priznaju svoj poraz. Ovo su poslednji pokušaji u seriji promašenih argumenata. Skeptičari u isto vreme prihvataju da postoji fundamentalna potražnja za bitcoinom a onda se premeštaju na neosnovan stav da ga države mogu zabraniti. Ajde da se poigramo i tim pitanjem. Kada bih zapravo razvijene države nastupile na scenu i pokušale da zabrane bitcoin? Trenutno, Federal Reserve i Treasury ne smatraju bitcoin kao ozbiljnu pretnju superiornosti dolara. Po njihovom celokupnom mišljenju, bitcoin je slatka mala igračka i ne može da funkcioniše kao novac. Sadašnja kompletna kupovna moć bitcoina je manja od $200 milijardi. Sa druge strane, zlato ima celokupnu vrednost od $8 triliona (40X veću od bitcoina) i količina odštampanog novca (M2) je otprilike 15 triliona (75X veličine bitcoinove vrednosti). Kada će Federal Reserve i Treasury da počne da smatra bitcoin kao ozbiljnu pretnju? Kad bitcoin poraste na $1, $2 ili $3 triliona? Možete i sami da izaberete nivo, ali implikacija je da će bitcoin biti mnogo vredniji, i posedovaće ga sve više ljudi širom sveta, pre nego što će ga državne vlasti shvatiti kao obiljnog protivnika. Predsednik Tramp & Treasury Sekretar Mnučin o Bitcoinu (2019): > „Ja neću pričati o bitcoinu za 10 godina, u to možete biti sigurni {…} Ja bi se kladio da čak za 5 ili 6 godina neću više pričati o bitcoinu kao sekretar Trusury-a. Imaću preča posla {…} Mogu vam obećati da ja lično neću biti pun bitcoina.“ – Sekretar Treasury-a Stiv Mnučin > „Ja nisam ljubitelj bitcoina {…}, koji nije novac i čija vrednost je jako volatilna i osnovana na praznom vazduhu.“ – Predsednik Donald J. Tramp Znači, logika skeptika ide ovako: bitcoin ne funkcioniše, ali ako funkcioniše, onda će ga država zabraniti. Ali, države slobodnog sveta neće pokušati da ga zabrane dokle god se on ne pokaže kao ozbiljna pretnja. U tom trenutku, bitcoin će biti vredniji i sigurno teži da se zabrani, pošto će ga više ljudi posedovati na mnogo širem geografskom prostoru. Ignorišite fundamentalne činjenice i asimetriju koja je urođena u globalnom dešavanju monetizacije zato što u slučaju da ste u pravu, države će taj proces zabraniti. Na kojoj strani tog argumenta bi radije stajao racionalan ekonomski učesnik? Posedovanje finansijske imovine kojoj vrednost toliko raste da preti globalnoj rezervnoj valuti, ili nasuprot – nemati tu imovinu? Sa pretpostavkom da individualci razumeju zašto je mogućnost (a sve više i verovatnoća) ove realnosti, koji stav je logičniji u ovom scenariju? Asimetrija dve strane ovog argumenta sama od sebe zahteva da je prvi stav onaj istinit i da fundamentalno razumevanje potražnje bitcoina samo još više ojačava to mišljenje. #### Niko ne moze zabraniti bitcoin Razmislite šta bitcoin u stvari predstavlja pa onda šta bi predstavljala njegova zabrana. Bitcoin je konverzija subjektivne vrednosti, stvorena i razmenjena u realnošću, u digitalne potpise. Jednostavno rečeno, to je konverzija ljudskog vremena u novac. Kad neko zahteva bitcoin, oni u isto vreme ne zahtevaju neki drugi posed, nek to bio dolar, kuća, auto ili hrana itd. Bitcoin predstavlja novčanu štednju koja sa sobom žrtvuje druge imovine i servise. Zabrana bitcoina bi bio napad na najosnovnije ljudske slobode koje je on upravo stvoren da brani. Zamislite reakciju svih onih koji su prihvatili bitcoin: „Bilo je zabavno, alatka za koju su svi eksperti tvrdili da neće nikad funkcionisati, sada toliko dobro radi i sad ti isti eksperti i autoriteti kažu da mi to nemožemo koristiti. Svi idite kući, predstava je gotova.“verovanje da će svi ljudi koji su učestvovali u bitcoin usvajanju, suverenitetu koji nudi i finansiskoj slobodi, odjednom samo da se predaju osnovnom rušenju njihovih prava je potpuno iracionalna pozicija. > Novac je jedan od najbitnijih instrumenata za slobodu koji je ikad izmišljen. Novac je to što u postojećem društvu ostvaruje mogućnosti siromašnom čoveku – čiji je domet veći nego onaj koji je bio dostižan bogatim ljudima pre ne toliko puno generacija.“ – F. A. Hajek Države nisu uspele da zabrane konzumiranje alkohola, droga, kupovinu vatrenog oružja, pa ni posedovanje zlata. Država može samo pomalo da uspori pristup ili da deklariše posedovanje ilegalnim, ali ne može da uništi nešto što veliki broj raznovrsnih ljudi smatra vrednim. Kada je SAD zabranila privatno posedovanje zlata 1933., zlato nije palo u vrednosti ili nestalo sa finansijskog tržišta. Ono je u stvari poraslo u vrednosti u poređenju sa dolarom, i samo trideset godina kasnije, zabrana je bila ukinuta. Ne samo da bitcoin nudi veću vrednosno obećanje od bilo kog drugog dobra koje su države pokušale da zabrane (uključujući i zlato); nego po svojim osobinama, njega je mnogo teže zabraniti. Bitcoin je globalan i decentralizovan. On ne poštuje granice i osiguran je mnoštvom nodova i kriptografskim potpisima. Sam postupak zabrane bi zahtevao da se u isto vreme zaustavi „open source“ softver koji emituje i izvršava slanje i potvrđivanje digitalno enkriptovanih ključeva i potpisa. Ta zabrana bi morala biti koordinisana između velikog broja zemalja, sa tim da je nemoguće znati gde se ti nodovi i softver nalazi ili da se zaustavi instaliranje novih nodova u drugim pravnim nadležnostima. Da ne pominjemo i ustavske pitanja, bilo bi tehnički neizvodljivo da se takva zabrana primeni na bilo kakav značajan način.  Čak kada bih sve zemlje iz G-20 grupe koordinisale takvu zabranu u isto vreme, to ne bi uništilo bitcoin. U stvari, to bi bilo samoubistvo za fiat novčani sistem. To bi još više prikazalo masama da je bitcoin u stvari novac koji treba shvatiti ozbiljno, i to bi samo od sebe započelo globalnu igru vatanje mačke za rep. Bitcoin nema centralnu tačku za napad; bitcoin rudari, nodovi i digitalni potpisi su rasejani po celom svetu. Svaki aspekt bitcoina je decentralizovan, zato su glavni stubovi njegove arhitekture da učesnici uvek treba kontrolisati svoje potpise i upravljati svojim nodom. Što više digitalnih potpisa i nodova koji postoje, to je više bitcoin decentralizovan, i to je više odbranjiva njegova mreža od strane neprijatelja. Što je više zemalja gde rudari izvršavaju svoj posao, to je manji rizik da jedan nadležni identitet može uticati na njegov bezbednosni sistem. Koordinisan internacionalni napad na bitcoin bi samo koristio da bitcoin još više ojača svoj imuni sistem. Na kraju krajeva, to bi ubrzalo seobu iz tradicionalnog finansijskog sistema (i njegovih valuta) a i inovaciju koja postoji u bitcoin ekosistemu. Sa svakom bivšom pretnjom, bitcoin je maštovito pronalazio način da ih neutrališe pa i koordinisan napad od strane država ne bi bio ništa drugačiji.  Inovacija u ovoj oblasti koja se odlikuje svojom „permissionless“ (bez dozvole centralnih identiteta) osobinom, omogućava odbranu od svakojakih napada. Sve varijante napada koje su bile predvidjene je upravo to što zahteva konstantnu inovaciju bitcoina. To je ona Adam Smitova nevidljiva ruka, ali dopingovana. Pojedinačni učesnici mogu da veruju da su motivisani nekim većim uzrokom, ali u stvari, korisnost kaja je ugrađena u bitcoin stvara kod učesnika dovoljno snažan podsticaj da omogući svoje preživljavanje. Sopstveni interes milione, ako ne milijarde, nekoordinisanih ljudi koji se jedino slažu u svojom međusobnom potrebom za funkcionalnim novcem podstiče inovacije u bitcoinu. Danas, možda to izgleda kao neka kul nova tehnologija ili neki dobar investment u finansijskom portfoliju, ali čak i ako to mnogi ne razumeju, bitcoin je apsolutna nužnost u svetu. To je tako zato što je novac nužnost a historijski priznate valute se fundamentalno raspadaju. Pre dva meseca, tržište američkih državnih obveznica je doživeo kolaps na šta je Federal Reserve reagovao time što je povećao celokupnu količinu dolara u postojanju za $250 milijardi, a još više u bliskoj budućnosti. Tačno ovo je razlog zašto je bitcoin nužnost a ne samo luksuzni dodatak. Kada inovacija omogućava bazično funkcionisanje ekonomije ne postoji ni jedna država na svetu koja može da zaustavi njenu adopciju i rast. Novac je nužnost a bitcoin znatno poboljšava sistem novca koji je ikada postojao pre njega. Sa više praktične strane, pokušaj zabranjivanja bitcoina ili njegove velike regulacije od nadležnosti bi direktno bilo u korist susedne nadležnih organa. Podsticaj da se odustane od koordinisanog napada na bitcoin bi bio isuviše veliki da bi takvi dogovori bili uspešni. Kada bi SAD deklarisovale posed bitcoina ilegalnim sutra, da li bi to zaustavilo njegov rast, razvoj i adopciji i da li bi to smanjilo vrednost celokupne mreže? Verovatno. Da li bi to uništilo bitcoin? Ne bi. Bitcoin predstavlja najpokretljivije kapitalno sredstvo na svetu. Zemlje i nadležne strukture koje kreiraju regulativnu strukturu koja najmanje ustručava korišćenje bitcoina će biti dobitnici velike količine uliva kapitala u svoje države. #### Zabrana Bitcoinove Zatvoreničke Dileme  U praksi, zatvorenička dilema nije igra jedan na jedan. Ona je multidimenzijska i uključuje mnoštvo nadležnosti, čiji se interesi nadmeću međusobno, i to uskraćuje mogućnosti bilo kakve mogućnosti zabrane. Ljudski kapital, fizički kapital i novčani kapital će sav ići u pravcu država i nadležnosti koje najmanje ustručuju bitcoin. To se možda neće desiti sve odjednom, ali pokušaji zabrane su isto za badava koliko bi bilo odseći sebi nos u inat svom licu. To ne znači da države to neće pokušati. India je već probala da zabrani bitcoin. Kina je uvela puno restrikcija. Drugi će da prate njihove tragove. Ali svaki put kada država preduzme takve korake, to ima nepredvidljive efekte povećanja bitcoin adopcije. Pokušaji zabranjivanja bitcoina su jako efektivne marketing kampanje. Bitcoin postoji kao sistem nevezan za jednu suverenu državu i kao novac je otporan na cenzuru. On je dizajniran da postoji van državne kontrole. Pokušaji da se taj koncept zabrani samo još više daje njemu razlog i logiku za postojanje. #### Jedini Pobednički Potez je da se Uključiš u Igru Zabrana bitcoina je trošenje vremena. Neki će to pokušati; ali svi će biti neuspešni. Sami ti pokušaji će još više ubrzati njegovu adopciju i širenje. Biće to vetar od 100 km/h koji raspaljuje vatru. To će ojačati bitcoin sve više i doprineće njegovoj pouzdanosti. U svakom slučaju, verovanje da će države zabraniti bitcoin u momentu kada on postane dovoljno velika pretnja rezervnim valutam sveta, je iracionalan razlog da se on no poseduje kao instrument štednje novca. To ne samo da podrazumeva da je bitcoin novac, ali u isto vreme i ignoriše glavne razloge zašto je to tako: on je decentralizovan i otporan na cenzure. Zamislite da razumete jednu od nojvećih tajni današnjice i da u isto vreme tu tajnu asimetrije koju bitcoin nudi ne primenjujete u svoju korist zbog straha od države. Pre će biti, neko ko razume zašto bitcoin funkcioniše i da ga država ne može zaustaviti, ili nepuno znanje postoji u razumevanju kako bitcoin uopšte funckioniše. Počnite sa razmatranjem fundamentalnih pitanja, a onda primenite to kao temelj da bi procenili bilo koji potencijalan rizik od strane budućih regulacija ili restrikcija državnih organa. I nikad nemojte da zaboravite na vrednost asimetrije između dve strane ovde prezentiranih argumenata. Jedini pobednički potez je da se uključite u igru. Stavovi ovde prezentirani su samo moji i ne predstavljaju Unchained Capital ili moje kolege. Zahvaljujem se Fil Gajgeru za razmatranje teksta i primedbe. [Originalni tekst](https://unchained.com/blog/bitcoin-cannot-be-banned/)

@ dd664d5e:5633d319

I think this note from Chip (nostr:npub1qdjn8j4gwgmkj3k5un775nq6q3q7mguv5tvajstmkdsqdja2havq03fqm7) is one of those things that people with business management experience take a lot more seriously than most developers and influencers do. I am painfully aware of the cost of systems administration, financial transaction management and recordkeeping, recruiting and personnel management, legal and compliance, requirements management, technical support, renting and managing physical spaces and infrastructure, negotiating with suppliers, customer service, etc. etc. There's this idea, on Nostr, that sort of trickled in along with Bitcoin Twitter, that we would all just be isolated subsistance farmers and one-man-show podcasters with a gigantic server rack in the basement. But some of us are running real companies -- on and off Nostr, for-profit and non-profit -- and it often requires a lot of human labor. The things we build aren't meant to be used by one person and his girlfriend and his dog. Yes, he can also run all these things, himself, but he no longer has to. Our existence gives him the choice: run these things or pay us to run them and spend your time doing something else, that you do better than we do. These things are meant to be used by hundreds... thousands... eventually millions of people. The workflows, processes, infrastructure, and personnel need to be able to scale up-and-down, scale in-and-out, work smoothly with 5 people or 50 people. These are the sort of Nostr systems that wouldn't collapse when encountering a sudden influx or mass-escape. But these systems are much more complex and they take time to build and staff to run them. (And, no, AI can't replace them all. AI means that they now also have to integrate a bunch of AI into the system and maintain that, too.) GitCitadel (nostr:npub1s3ht77dq4zqnya8vjun5jp3p44pr794ru36d0ltxu65chljw8xjqd975wz) is very automation-forward, but we still have to front the incredibly high cost of designing and building the automation, train people to interact with it (there are now over 20 people integrated into the workflow!), adjust it based upon their feedback, and we have to support the automation, once it's running. This sort of streamlined machine is what people pay companies for, not code. That is why there's little business cost to open source. Open-source is great, but...  nostr:nevent1qqsgqh2dedhagyd9k8yfk2lagswjl7y627k9fpnq4l436ccmlys0s3qprdmhxue69uhhg6r9vehhyetnwshxummnw3erztnrdakj7q3qqdjn8j4gwgmkj3k5un775nq6q3q7mguv5tvajstmkdsqdja2havqxpqqqqqqzdhnyjm

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884478

@ d360efec:14907b5f

**ภาพรวม LUNCUSDT (OKX):** LUNCUSDT กำลังพยายามฟื้นตัวจากแนวโน้มขาลงระยะยาว แต่ยังคงมีความผันผวนและมีความเสี่ยงสูง แนวโน้มระยะกลางถึงยาว (TF Day & 4H) เริ่มมีสัญญาณบวกของการกลับตัวเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) หลังจากราคา Breakout EMA 50 ใน TF Day และเกิด Golden Cross อย่างไรก็ตาม ในระยะสั้นมาก (TF15) กลับแสดงถึงความอ่อนแอและมีการปรับฐานลงมา   **แนวโน้ม:** * **TF Day:** เริ่มเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) – ราคา Breakout EMA 50 และเกิด Golden Cross, Money Flow เป็นบวก * **TF4H:** เริ่มเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) – ราคา Breakout EMA 50, มีการพักตัวลงมาทดสอบ EMA 50, Money Flow เริ่มไม่แน่นอน * **TF15:** แกว่งตัวออกข้าง (Sideways) หลังจากร่วงลง – ราคาอยู่ใต้ EMA, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Lower Highs/Lows, Money Flow เป็นลบ **โครงสร้างราคา (SMC):** * **TF Day:** มี Break of Structure (BOS) ด้านบน, เริ่มเห็น Higher Highs (HH) และ Higher Lows (HL) * **TF4H:** มี BOS ด้านบน, เริ่มเห็น HH/HL (แต่ไม่ชัดเจน), มี Equal Highs (EQH) และ Equal Lows (EQL) * **TF15:** มี BOS ด้านล่าง, มี Change of Character (CHoCH) ทั้งบนและล่าง, เริ่มเห็น Lower Highs (LH) และ Lower Lows (LL) **Money Flow (LuxAlgo):** * **TF Day:** แรงซื้อแข็งแกร่ง (ไม่มีภาพ แต่จากการวิเคราะห์ก่อนหน้า) * **TF4H:** แรงซื้อและแรงขายพอๆ กัน, เริ่มมีแรงขายเข้ามา * **TF15:** แรงขายมีมากกว่าแรงซื้อ **EMA (Exponential Moving Average):** * **TF Day:** EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวรับ * **TF4H:** EMA 50 เป็นแนวรับที่กำลังถูกทดสอบ, EMA 200 เป็นแนวต้าน * **TF15:** EMA 50 & 200 กลายเป็นแนวต้าน **แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ:** | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | | :-------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Day | EMA 50 (0.00010000), EMA 200 (0.00008000), 0.00006000-0.00007000 | 0.00017953 (High ล่าสุด), 0.00014000 (Volume Profile) | | 4H | EMA 50 (ประมาณ 0.00007000), 0.00006000-0.00007000, Equilibrium | EMA 200 (0.00008000), 0.00008132, 0.00010000-0.00012000 (EQH) | | 15m | 0.00007300 (EQL, Volume Profile) | EMA 50, EMA 200, 0.00007531 (EQH), 0.00007636 (EQH, High ก่อนหน้า) | **กลยุทธ์ (LUNCUSDT):** 1. **Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุด):** * เนื่องจาก TF15 ขัดแย้งกับ TF Day & 4H และ TF4H ก็เริ่มแสดงสัญญาณอ่อนแรง การ "รอ" ให้ตลาดแสดงทิศทางที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ จะเป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยที่สุด * สังเกตพฤติกรรมราคา (Price Action) บริเวณแนวรับ-แนวต้านใน TF15 และ TF4H 2. **Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - *ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก ต้องระมัดระวังเป็นพิเศษ*:** * สำหรับนักลงทุนระยะกลาง-ยาว ที่เชื่อมั่นในการกลับตัวของ LUNC (แต่ต้องยอมรับความเสี่ยงได้สูงมาก) * **เงื่อนไข:** ต้องรอสัญญาณการกลับตัวของราคาใน TF15 ก่อน เช่น * การ Breakout แนวต้านย่อยๆ พร้อม Volume * การเปลี่ยน Money Flow (LuxAlgo) เป็นสีเขียว * การเกิด Bullish Candlestick Patterns * **จุดเข้า (Day):** EMA 50 (0.00010000), EMA 200 (0.00008000) *ต้องดู TF15 ประกอบ* * **จุดเข้า (4H):** EMA 50 (ประมาณ 0.00007000) *ต้องดู TF15 ประกอบ* * **Stop Loss:** ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือต่ำกว่าแนวรับที่เข้าซื้อ 3. **Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก):** * สำหรับนักเก็งกำไรระยะสั้น ที่รับความเสี่ยงได้สูงมาก * **เงื่อนไข:** ราคาไม่สามารถกลับขึ้นไปยืนเหนือ EMA ของ TF15 ได้ * **จุดเข้า:** บริเวณ EMA ของ TF15 หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ * **Stop Loss:** เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือเหนือแนวต้านที่เข้า Short **คำแนะนำ (เน้นย้ำ):** * **ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes:** สถานการณ์ของ LUNCUSDT ตอนนี้มีความขัดแย้งกันสูงมากระหว่าง Timeframes และมีความเสี่ยงสูงกว่า XRP และ BTC * **Money Flow:** Money Flow ใน TF15 เป็นลบ และใน TF4H ก็เริ่มไม่แน่นอน * **LUNC เป็นเหรียญ High Risk:** มีความผันผวนสูงมาก และอาจมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงอย่างรวดเร็ว * **ถ้าไม่แน่ใจ อย่าเพิ่งเข้าเทรด:** รอสัญญาณที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ หรือเลือกเทรดเหรียญอื่นที่มีความเสี่ยงน้อยกว่า * **Risk Management:** สำคัญที่สุด ไม่ว่าจะเลือกกลยุทธ์ใด ต้องมีการบริหารความเสี่ยงที่ดี (ตั้ง Stop Loss, ไม่ Overtrade, กระจายความเสี่ยง) **สรุป:** LUNCUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงเวลาที่ยากลำบากและมีความเสี่ยงสูงมาก การตัดสินใจที่ผิดพลาดอาจนำไปสู่การขาดทุนได้ ควรพิจารณาอย่างรอบคอบก่อนเข้าเทรดทุกครั้ง และ "รอ" อาจเป็นทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุดสำหรับนักลงทุนส่วนใหญ่ค่ะ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ d360efec:14907b5f

**ภาพรวม XRPUSDT :** XRPUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงหัวเลี้ยวหัวต่อ คล้ายกับ BTC แต่มีความอ่อนแอกว่าเล็กน้อย แนวโน้มระยะกลางถึงยาว (TF Day & 4H) เริ่มมีสัญญาณบวกของการเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) แต่ในระยะสั้นมาก (TF15) กลับแสดงถึงความอ่อนแอและมีการปรับฐานลงมา   **แนวโน้ม:** * **TF Day:** เริ่มเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) – ราคา Breakout EMA 50 ขึ้นมาได้, Money Flow เป็นบวก * **TF4H:** เริ่มเป็นขาขึ้น (Early Uptrend) – ราคา Breakout EMA 50, มีการพักตัวลงมาทดสอบ EMA 50, Money Flow เริ่มอ่อนแรง * **TF15:** แกว่งตัวลง (Sideways Down) – ราคาหลุด EMA, โครงสร้างราคาเป็น Lower Highs/Lows, Money Flow เป็นลบ **โครงสร้างราคา (SMC):** * **TF Day:** มี Break of Structure (BOS) ด้านบน, เริ่มเห็น Higher Highs (HH) และ Higher Lows (HL) * **TF4H:** มี BOS ด้านบน, เริ่มเห็น HH/HL (แต่ไม่ชัดเจน), มี Equal Highs (EQH) และ Equal Lows (EQL) * **TF15:** มี BOS ด้านล่าง, มี Change of Character (CHoCH) ทั้งบนและล่าง, เริ่มเห็น Lower Highs (LH) และ Lower Lows (LL) **Money Flow (LuxAlgo):** * **TF Day:** แรงซื้อแข็งแกร่ง * **TF4H:** แรงซื้อเริ่มอ่อนแรงลง, มีแรงขายเข้ามา * **TF15:** แรงขายมีมากกว่าแรงซื้อ **EMA (Exponential Moving Average):** * **TF Day:** EMA 50 & 200 เป็นแนวรับ * **TF4H:** EMA 50 เป็นแนวรับที่กำลังถูกทดสอบ, EMA 200 เป็นแนวรับถัดไป * **TF15:** EMA 50 & 200 กลายเป็นแนวต้าน **แนวรับ-แนวต้านสำคัญ:** | Timeframe | แนวรับ | แนวต้าน | | :-------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :-------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Day | EMA 50 (1.56), EMA 200 (1.08), Low ก่อนหน้า | 2.4450 (High ล่าสุด), 3.00-3.20 (EQH), 3.4049 | | 4H | EMA 50 (ประมาณ 2.20), EMA 200, 2.10-2.20 (EQL), 1.7820 | 2.4427, 2.3987, 3.00-3.20 (EQH), 3.4049 | | 15m | 2.38 (EQL, Volume Profile), 2.3274 | EMA 50, EMA 200, 2.4196, Equilibrium (2.44), 2.44-2.48 (EQH) | **กลยุทธ์ (XRPUSDT):** 1. **Wait & See (ทางเลือกที่ดีที่สุด):** * เนื่องจาก TF15 ขัดแย้งกับ TF Day & 4H อย่างชัดเจน และ TF4H ก็เริ่มแสดงสัญญาณอ่อนแรง การ "รอ" ให้ตลาดแสดงทิศทางที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ จะเป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยที่สุด * สังเกตพฤติกรรมราคา (Price Action) บริเวณแนวรับ-แนวต้านใน TF15 และ TF4H 2. **Buy on Dip (Day, 4H) - *ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก ต้องระมัดระวังเป็นพิเศษ*:** * สำหรับนักลงทุนระยะกลาง-ยาว ที่เชื่อมั่นในแนวโน้มขาขึ้น (แต่ต้องยอมรับความเสี่ยงได้สูง) * **เงื่อนไข:** ต้องรอสัญญาณการกลับตัวของราคาใน TF15 ก่อน เช่น * การ Breakout แนวต้านย่อยๆ พร้อม Volume * การเปลี่ยน Money Flow (LuxAlgo) เป็นสีเขียว * การเกิด Bullish Candlestick Patterns * **จุดเข้า (Day):** EMA 50 (1.56), EMA 200 (1.08) *ต้องดู TF15 ประกอบ* * **จุดเข้า (4H):** EMA 50 (2.20), บริเวณ EQL (2.10-2.20) *ต้องดู TF15 ประกอบ* * **Stop Loss:** ต่ำกว่า Low ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือต่ำกว่าแนวรับที่เข้าซื้อ 3. **Short (15, ความเสี่ยงสูงมาก):** * สำหรับนักเก็งกำไรระยะสั้น ที่รับความเสี่ยงได้สูงมาก * **เงื่อนไข:** ราคาไม่สามารถกลับขึ้นไปยืนเหนือ EMA ของ TF15 ได้ * **จุดเข้า:** บริเวณ EMA ของ TF15 หรือแนวต้านอื่นๆ * **Stop Loss:** เหนือ High ล่าสุดของ TF15 หรือเหนือแนวต้านที่เข้า Short **คำแนะนำ (เน้นย้ำ):** * **ความขัดแย้งของ Timeframes:** สถานการณ์ของ XRPUSDT ตอนนี้มีความขัดแย้งกันสูงมากระหว่าง Timeframes * **Money Flow:** Money Flow ใน TF15 เป็นลบ และใน TF4H ก็เริ่มอ่อนแรง * **EMA 50 (TF4H):** เป็นจุดชี้ชะตา ถ้าหลุด แนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะกลางอาจเสีย * **ถ้าไม่แน่ใจ อย่าเพิ่งเข้าเทรด:** รอสัญญาณที่ชัดเจนกว่านี้ หรือเลือกเทรดเหรียญอื่นที่มีความเสี่ยงน้อยกว่า **สรุป:** XRPUSDT กำลังอยู่ในช่วงเวลาที่ยากลำบากและมีความเสี่ยงสูง การตัดสินใจที่ผิดพลาดอาจนำไปสู่การขาดทุนได้ ควรพิจารณาอย่างรอบคอบก่อนเข้าเทรดทุกครั้งค่ะ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ d360efec:14907b5f

บทที่ 1: การเดินทางของนักเวทย์สาว ข้าคือ อาเรีย นักเวทย์ฝึกหัดผู้เดินทางมาจากดินแดนอันไกลโพ้น ข้าได้ยินเรื่องราวของอาณาจักรไทย ที่ซึ่งมีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับ "แรงงานเงา" ซึ่งเป็นกลุ่มคนจากอีกดินแดนหนึ่งที่เข้ามาทำงานในอาณาจักรแห่งนี้ ข้าตัดสินใจที่จะเดินทางมายังอาณาจักรไทย เพื่อศึกษาเรื่องราวเหล่านี้ และหาทางแก้ไขปัญหา  บทที่ 2: การพบปะกับผู้คน เมื่อข้ามาถึงอาณาจักรไทย ข้าได้พบกับผู้คนมากมาย ทั้งชาวไทยและชาวพม่า ข้าได้ฟังเรื่องราวของพวกเขา ทั้งความยากลำบากในการทำงาน การถูกกดขี่ค่าแรง และความหวังที่จะมีชีวิตที่ดีขึ้น ข้าได้เห็นถึงความขยันและอดทนของพวกเขา แต่ก็มีความขัดแย้งและความเข้าใจผิดเกิดขึ้นระหว่างคนทั้งสองกลุ่ม  บทที่ 3: การไขปริศนา ข้าเริ่มสืบหาความจริงเกี่ยวกับเรื่องราวเหล่านี้ และได้พบว่ามีกลุ่มคนบางกลุ่มที่ต้องการใช้ประโยชน์จากแรงงานเงาม โดยการกดขี่ค่าแรงและแสวงหาผลประโยชน์ ข้ายังได้เรียนรู้ว่าอาณาจักรไทยกำลังเผชิญกับปัญหาการขาดแคลนแรงงาน และจำเป็นต้องพึ่งพาแรงงานเงา  บทที่ 4: การตัดสินใจ ข้าได้คิดทบทวนเรื่องราวทั้งหมด และตัดสินใจที่จะใช้เวทย์มนตร์ของข้า เพื่อช่วยเหลือผู้คนเหล่านั้น ข้าต้องการที่จะสร้างความเข้าใจและความเท่าเทียมกันระหว่างคนทุกกลุ่ม และทำให้อาณาจักรไทยเป็นสถานที่ที่ทุกคนสามารถอยู่ร่วมกันได้อย่างมีความสุข  บทที่ 5: การผจญภัย การเดินทางของข้ายังไม่จบสิ้น ข้ายังคงต้องเผชิญกับอุปสรรคและความท้าทายอีกมากมาย แต่ข้าเชื่อมั่นว่าด้วยความมุ่งมั่นและความพยายามของข้า ข้าจะสามารถสร้างความเปลี่ยนแปลงให้กับอาณาจักรไทยแห่งนี้ได้  บทสรุป เรื่องราวของอาเรีย นักเวทย์สาวผู้เดินทางมาเพื่อแก้ไขปัญหาแรงงานเงาในอาณาจักรไทย เป็นเรื่องราวที่สะท้อนให้เห็นถึงปัญหาที่เกิดขึ้นในสังคมของเรา การกดขี่ค่าแรง การแบ่งแยกชนชั้น และการแสวงหาผลประโยชน์จากผู้อื่น เราทุกคนสามารถเป็นเหมือนอาเรียได้ โดยการลุกขึ้นมาต่อสู้เพื่อความถูกต้องและความเท่าเทียมกัน และสร้างสังคมที่ทุกคนสามารถอยู่ร่วมกันได้อย่างมีความสุข

@ 3b7fc823:e194354f

We are constantly surrounded by technologies that claim to enhance our experiences but often come at the cost of our privacy. Think about it – every time you visit a website, cookies are being dropped like breadcrumbs, tracking your every move without you even knowing. **How Tech Companies Collect Your Data: The Spy Next Door** 1. **Cookies**: These tiny files are placed on your device as soon as you visit a site. They follow you around the web, creating a digital trail that companies use to learn about your habits and interests. 2. **Tracking Pixels**: Like cookies, these are invisible tags that track your actions across different websites. Imagine someone following you wherever you go online – that's what tracking pixels do. 3. **Behavioral Targeting**: This is when companies analyze your browsing history to serve you ads tailored to your interests. It's like knowing what you like and then bombarding you with it, whether you like it or not. 4. **Data Brokers**: These middlemen collect data from various sources and sell it on to the highest bidder. Your information could be used for marketing, insurance, or even political purposes – without your consent! 5. **Third-Party trackers**: Apps and websites you visit may share your data with other companies, creating a web of surveillance that's hard to escape. **What They Do with Your Data** Once companies have your data, they can use it for targeted advertising, profile building, and even political manipulation. Think about the Cambridge Analytica scandal... Your data isn't just used to make your experience better; it's being sold and exploited in ways you probably never imagined. **How to Stop Them: Empower Yourself** 1. **Use Privacy-Friendly Browsers**: Tools like Brave or Firefox with enhanced tracking protection can block trackers and cookies, giving you control over what data is collected. 2. **Block Trackers and Cookies**: Browser extensions that allow you to block these elements are available for free, providing an added layer of privacy. 3. **Minimize Data Usage**: When using apps or websites, avoid granting unnecessary permissions that could lead to data collection. 4. **Delete Unused Apps**: Regularly delete apps and services that are no longer needed to stop data collection from inactive accounts. 5. **Read Privacy Policies**: Before accepting terms of service or privacy policies, read through them to understand what data will be collected and how it will be used. 6. **Use Incognito or Private Browsing Modes**: These modes often block cookies and trackers, offering an additional way to reduce data collection. But remember that Google was still tracking you on Chrome regardless, so your mileage may vary. 7. **Limit Device Usage**: Avoid using personal devices for sensitive activities when privacy is a concern. 8. **Use Tor**: Yes it's slower, yes some sites won't work. It's more private and you using helps disquise traffic giving protection for others that might need it more than you do. **Why It Matters: The Domino Effect** The data collected today isn't just for ads; it's used in decision-making processes that can affect your life. From insurance rates to job opportunities, your data can influence significant aspects of your existence. Imagine a world where your information is bought and sold without your consent – it's time to take control. **Your Data, Your Choice** Your data is being collected and sold without your consent, and the time to act is now. By understanding how data collection works and taking steps to protect yourself, you can reclaim control over your privacy. Remember, you're not just a user – you're the owner of your information. It's time to stand up for your rights and demand transparency from the companies that claim to serve you. **Don't Let Corporate Spies Steal Your Privacy** Your data is valuable, and it's being harvested without your knowledge. Take action today by educating yourself and others about the importance of privacy. Together, we can create a world where privacy is respected and protected, not exploited for profit. Join the movement to fight against corporate surveillance and protect your right to privacy. Your information is too important to leave in the hands of those who don't have your consent. It's time to take a stand – your digital life depends on it. --- Advocating for privacy does not finance itself. If you enjoyed this article, please consider zapping or sending monero 82XCDNK1Js8TethhpGLFPbVyKe25DxMUePad1rUn9z7V6QdCzxHEE7varvVh1VUidUhHVSA4atNU2BTpSNJLC1BqSvDajw1

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# How Coinpools Improve Bitcoin # Problems with bitcoin UX problems with base layer payments include: - Mining fees are sometimes high - Confirmations usually take several minutes - Using it privately requires running a coinjoin server UX problems with lightning payments include: - Setup fees are sometimes high - Payments frequently fail - Payments aren't asynchronous (the recipient has to stand there with their device open waiting to do a revoke_and_ack on their old state -- unless they use a custodian) - Payments that *do* succeed occasionally take more than 30 seconds (due to stuck payments, automatic retries, and no ability to say "stop retrying" in any existing wallets that I'm aware of) - Using it privately requires manual channel management # Solutions A lot of my recent work focuses on non-interactive coinpools. I figured out a way to do them on bitcoin if we had CTV + CSFS, and then, with a bit more thought, I figured out that my model didn't actually require those things, so I am now working on an implementation. But my model does benefit a lot from CTV (less sure about CSFS at this point) so let me outline how non-interactive coinpools fix the above problems and along the way I will share how CTV specifically improves coinpools. ## "Mining fees are sometimes high" Coinpools improve the problem of "mining fees are sometimes high" by letting you bypass them in more cases. If you're in a coinpool and pay someone else in the same coinpool, your payment does not show up on the base layer, it just involves modifying some unilateral withdrawal transactions such that the sender can withdraw less and the recipient can withdraw more. The transactions are off-chain, like LN transactions, so you can do that without paying a base layer fee. ## "Confirmations usually take several minutes" Coinpools improve the problem of "confirmations usually take several minutes" in a similar manner. Payments *inside* a coinpool (i.e. to another pool user) merely involve modifying off-chain data (and revoking an old state), so they can be as fast as lightning. In most cases I expect them to be a bit faster because there's less need for pathfinding or negotiating with a variety of routing nodes. If the sender and the recipient are in the same pool, they only need to talk to each other and, in my model, a coordinator. ## "Using the base layer privately requires running a coinjoin server" Coinpools improve the problem of "using the base layer privately requires running a coinjoin server" in two ways: first, if you're in a coinpool and you send money to a bitcoin address, the blockchain doesn't know which coinpool user sent that payment. Analysts might be able to trace the payment to the coinpool, but from the blockchain's perspective, that's just a multisig; the actual person *inside* the multisig who sent the money is not revealed. However, my model uses a coordinator, and the coordinator probably knows which user sent the payment. Still, only 1 person knowing is better than having everyone on the blockchain know. Second, if you send money to someone *inside* the coinpool, in my model, the only people who know about your payment are the sender, the recipient, and the coordinator, and the recipient does not know who the sender is. Moreover, my model allows users to act as bridges from LN to other pool users, so even the coordinator doesn't know if the person who *looks* like the sender was the *real* sender or just a bridge node, with the *real* sender being someone on lightning. ## "Setup fees on lightning are sometimes high" Coinpools improve the problem of "setup fees are sometimes high" by having multiple users share the setup cost. My model allows a single bitcoin transaction to fund a coinpool with a number of members between 1 and probably about 100. (The max I've actually successfully tested is 11.) If the users share the cost of that transaction, then even in a high fee scenario, where bitcoin transactions cost $50, each user only has to pay a fraction of that, where the fraction is determined by how many users are joining the pool. If 10 people are joining, each user would pay $5 instead of $50. If 50 people are joining, each user would pay $1. If 100 people are joining, each user would pay 50¢. ## Sidebar: how CTV improves my coinpool model The setup is also where CTV greatly improves my model. For my model to work, the users have to coordinate to create the pool in something I call a "signing ceremony," which is very similar to a coinjoin. The signing ceremony has to be scheduled and each user has to show up for it or they won't get into the pool. With CTV, you could fix this: instead of a signing ceremony, an exchange could autosend your money into a coinpool on e.g. a monthly basis and email you the data you need to perform your unilateral exit. All they need from you is a pubkey, and they can do everything else. ## "Lightning payments frequently fail" Coinpools improve the problem of "payments frequently fail" by reducing the need for pathfinding, which is a typical cause of failure on lightning. If you are paying someone in the same pool as you, you always know an exact path: it will be you -> coordinator -> recipient. These short paths also reduce the likelihood of routing nodes having insufficient capacity to forward the payment. You've only got one "routing node" to worry about -- the coordinator. ## "Lightning payments aren't asynchronous" Coinpools *in general* don't improve the problem of "payments aren't asynchronous" but my model in particular *does* improve that problem because I am combining it with my hedgehog protocol from last year, which *does* allow for asynchronous lightning-like payments. Relatedly, my coinpool model technically has a network model, it's just a hub-and-spoke network: the coordinator is connected to every user of the pool and can forward asynchronous hedgehog payments to them. This means you can send money to someone when they are offline; they'll get it whenever they *do* get online, even if *you* went offline in the meantime. ## "Lightning payments sometimes take too long" Coinpools improve the problem of "stuck" lightning payments by reducing the number of hops along the route. As above, a payment inside the pool (per my model) is always just sender -> coordinator -> recipient. Due to only having 1 hop, there are fewer opportunities for a node to have a network issue and cause a delay. ## "Channel management is a pain" Coinpools have multiple ways of improving the problem of manual channel management. In particular, not all coinpool models *have* channels, so channel management is not always needed in a coinpool. My model, however, does have channels, so channel management is still a thing. Nonetheless, my model improves channel management in two ways: first, the setup costs are lower for the reasons given above. Second, payment asynchronicity helps for the following reason: The worst pain point in channel management *today* occurs when someone sends you a payment but it fails because you didn't have enough inbound capacity. That doesn't happen in my coinpool model because payments are asynchronous. If you don't have enough inbound capacity, the payment doesn't fail, it just remains pending. So all you have to do is open a new channel (i.e. enter a new pool) and *then* finalize the payment. ## Zap me I hope this essay clarifies why coinpools improve the problems I outlined and why CTV improves coinpools. I also hope this gets you a bit excited for my latest coinpool invention, which I hope to release soon :D (It really is very close to demo-ready.) If you liked this essay, consider zapping me: supertestnet@coinos.io

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: You conflate maximalism with close-mindedness because you believe money is a 'collective hallucination' instead of an emergent solution to a coordination problem. Anilsaidso 'DOGE finding waste and fraud?  Don’t miss the forest for the trees: Any money system that does not fix a unit of currency to a unit of energy is functionally fraudulent, because if a currency is not tied to energy, then creating fiat currency functionally means creating energy by govt fiat, which is a violation of physics, which is fraud. Once you are in a system that pretends it can create energy by printing currency, it is just a question of “How much fraud occurs until the system collapses?” You will know the end of that system is near when debt gets high, rates rise, & yet the price of energy-linked neutral assets like gold & BTC rise with rates (instead of falling), as free markets scramble out of printed currency & debt into actual energy linked assets, which is happening - rates up, & yet see gold and BTC.)' - Luke Gromen ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 4th of February: ➡️El Salvador bought another 11 Bitcoin worth over $1.1 million for their strategic Bitcoin reserve. ➡️'Someone just moved 50 Bitcoin worth $5 MILLION that they mined 15 years ago They HODL'ed from $0.10 to $100k. Legend.' - Pete Rizzo ➡️Bitcoin funding rates turn negative — a very rare signal historically followed by massive price surges. Buckle up. ➡️Coinbase urges US to remove barriers for banks to provide Bitcoin and crypto services - BBG ➡️'Forbes recently covered how Bitcoin mining is fast-tracking millions of Ethiopians out of energy poverty. 100% renewable + economically benefitting the country No other technology has been able to do this. Ever.' Daniel Batten / [Forbes](https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2024/12/31/africa-produces-3-of-global-bitcoin-mining-hashrate-via-renewables/) ➡️President Trump's Crypto Czar David Sacks had a press conference on this day. Here are some notes: • “will be heavy on Bitcoin and timelines.” • “Discussion of Sovereign Wealth Fund.” • “Timelines laid out as to proposed legislation (Lummis) and BSR.” • “Yes, I expect there to be ‘America First’ rhetoric with SWF and crypto.” • “reiterating, no $XRP” Ergo a lot of word salad and not something juuuggggge was happening. ➡️President Bukele Offers To Jail Roger Ver in El Salvador. Bukele: "El Salvador prisons have big cell blocks. It's the perfect place for him" If you don’t get the joke, Study Bitcoin's history in detail. I will give you a hint. Book: The Blocksize War! ➡️'Semler Scientific acquired 871 Bitcoins for $88.5 million and has generated a BTC Yield of 152% since July 1, 2024.  Now holding 3,192 bitcoin.  Just getting started.' - Eric Semler On the 5th of February: ➡️Bitcoin on track to hit $1.5m by 2030 - Ark Invest [](https://i.ibb.co/dw6YgXMY/Gj-B6wl-SWs-AAAWti.jpg) On the 6th of February: ➡️Czech President signed a law removing the capital gains tax on #Bitcoin after 3+ years of holding. Sovereign game theory intensifies. Tick tock, next block! Meanwhile the ECB. 'The ECB just published an interview with Reuters where they contemplate a risk assessment of current FX swap lines if another central bank held Bitcoin reserves. They are literally trying to hinder the Czech National Bank from buying Bitcoin. Bitcoin is winning.' - Andre Dragosch ➡️Former PayPal President: Sell Gold Reserves to Buy Bitcoin "We're the number 1 holder of gold. If you think of Bitcoin as a better version of gold, why not rebalance a portion of that reserve to Bitcoin? There's a lot more growth in Bitcoin in the coming decades." ➡️Whales are buying Bitcoin like never seen before. Billionaires are stacking Bitcoin, front-running governments, pubco’s, and plebs. ➡️IOWA BITCOIN RESERVE BILL HF 246 would allow investment of 5% of public monies in digital assets of $750b+ market cap (i.e. Bitcoin) ➡️Eric Balchunas: Trump to launch "Bitcoin Plus" ETF. ➡️'The power is so cheap in the north of Norway now that the hydropower plants are considering dumping their water in the sea. We need more Bitcoin mining.' -Jaran Mellerud Great explanation on the topic: https://x.com/GoldIRAChannel/status/1887718777338667369 ➡️Great report by Breeze. https://breez.technology/report/ 'Bitcoin isn't "just" digital gold, it's an everyday currency. 650M+people reached on Lightning Businesses real-world impact Growing ecosystem driving adoption New use cases unlocked.' - Breeze Breeze is one of, if not, my favorite self-custodial Lightning Bitcoin payments app. On the 7th of February: ➡️Utah pulls ahead in the race to create a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. Utah’s HB230 just became the first state Bitcoin reserve bill to clear a chamber vote, passing the House and heading to the Senate. ➡️ If any public companies are wondering whether Bitcoin is the solution… here’s your answer: Metaplanet’s market cap has been 100X’d (3.50 0%)since adopting Bitcoin as a treasury asset less than one year ago. ➡️Maryland State Delegate Caylin Young introduces the "Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act of Maryland". ➡️MISSOURI FILES 2ND Bitcoin reserve bill that includes: - 5 YR HODL requirement - State must accept BTC payments - No cap on how much the state can buy 1st bill SB614 is currently in the Senate! ➡️Rep. TJ Roberts introduces a bill to invest up to 10% of state funds in Bitcoin for Kentucky. ➡️BlackRock boosts its stake in MicroStrategy to 5%, now holding 11.2M shares, up from 4.09% in September. Next to that, BlackRock holds $140m in IBIT - their Bitcoin ETF. Per their 13F SEC filing today. Up from $92m in November 2024. [](https://i.ibb.co/mrVWGPsK/Gj-RR49y-Wo-AAPlx-C.jpg) ➡️ Tornado Cash founder Alexey Pertsev has been released from prison. Pertsev was found guilty of money laundering in 2024. He is currently preparing an appeal. https://decrypt.co/304723/tornado-cash-developer-alexey-perstev-leaving-prison On the 8th of February: ➡️Florida is the latest state to introduce a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. Republican Senator Joe Gruters has introduced a bill proposing the investment of part of the state’s funds in Bitcoin to counter rising inflation. ➡️'FTX will repay 98% of creditors on February 18th. Creditors will receive a total of 119% of their funds lost in US dollar terms on November 11th, 2022. This is the equivalent of only 20% in Bitcoin terms. This is a lesson in self-custody.' -The Bitcoin Therapist Just a quick reminder: 'Over 5 million Bitcoins are gone. Forever. No keys. No recovery. No second chance. - Satoshi’s wallet: 1M BTC, untouched - Mt. Gox hack: 744K BTC, - Lost key & wallets: ~3.7M BTC - James Howells’ hard drive: 8K BTC, buried Do people even grasp Bitcoin’s scarcity?'- Eli Nagar ➡️MONTANA BITCOIN RESERVE BILL MT House Bill 429 would authorize up to $50m invested into 'digital assets over $750b market cap' i.e. Bitcoin, by July 15, 2025. [](https://i.ibb.co/G40gPxNn/Gj-XMa3z-Wo-AANt-TE.jpg) 19 States want Bitcoin in their reserves so far, and 27 states are all pro-Bitcoin and Digital Asset Bills. It's just crazy to me what's happening. A few years ago, I couldn't even imagine it would go this fast. Hello, game theory! ➡️PNC, the 8th largest U.S. bank with $325 billion in AUM, has disclosed $67 million in Bitcoin exposure through its 13F filing with the SEC. On the 9th of February: ➡️Hong Kong officially recognizes Bitcoin as proof of capital for residency applications. ➡️That’s 815,000,000,000,000,000,000 hashes per second securing the world’s largest permissionless monetary network Bitcoin’s hashrate sets a new record high above 810 EH. [](https://i.ibb.co/bg8wCF5K/Gj-UDD4-YWAAAc-NHj.jpg) ➡️University of Austin to buy $5m Bitcoin. "We don’t want to be left behind," says CIO of the university fund. On the 10th of February: ➡️'Priced in Bitcoin the S&P 500 looks like a meme coin rug pull.' -CarlBMenger [](https://i.ibb.co/NdkmWwQ0/Gja5r-WLa-UAAh-XMC.jpg) ➡️Valid point by Bit Harington: 'It takes years for Bitcoin to finally leave a new 10X price zone and start looking for the next 10X. $1K lasted ~3.5 years. $10K also 3 years. It seems logical to assume that the $100K price zone will also last several years; One of the reasons I don't believe in $1M this cycle.' ➡️Another solo miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth $ 300,000. Just sensational. ➡️Michael Saylor's STRATEGY just bought another 7,633 Bitcoin worth $742 million. 'Strategy has added 7,633 Bitcoin to its holdings for ~$742.4 million at an average price of $97,255 per Bitcoin, bringing its total Bitcoin stack to 478,740 BTC. Acquired for ~$31.1 billion at an average of $65,033 per Bitcoin, the company's Bitcoin yield stands at a 4.1% YTD in 2025.' - Saylor ➡️Japan to scrap ban on Bitcoin ETFs and cut taxes on crypto-assets from 55% down to 20%. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: On the 3rd of February: 👉🏽'Nvidia stock, falls over -5% at the open as markets react to the beginning of the trade war. The stock is currently down -26% from its all-time high.' - TKL 👉🏽Microsoft shares closed down 6.2% on the worst day since 2022. If only they had listened to Saylor's 3-minute Bitcoin pitch. On the 4th of February: 👉🏽Alphabet stock, falls over -7% after reporting Q4 2024 earnings. ## 🏦Banks:  👉🏽Global central banks now hold more Gold than at any point in the past 45 years. Something is brewing. (see for more info in the segment below - on the 9th of February) ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: Recently I found something interesting. 'Another fantastic open-source dataset is the Global Datahub at Georgetown University. It covers a wide range of topics including: Geopolitics: Data on military spending, UN voting patterns, indicators of freedom and democracy, trade restrictions, social unrest, property rights, and demographic trends. Trade and Production: Information on trade, energy balances, GDP per capita, and trade patterns. External Accounts: Current account balances, foreign investment flows, real exchange rates, international reserves, and remittances. Public Finance: Public sector deficits, composition of public debt, country risk, and trends in public spending. Monetary and Financial: Inflation rates, monetary policy interest rates, exchange rate regimes, availability of credit, corporate bond rates, and amortizations of public and corporate debt. Other Topics: Data on digital infrastructure, environmental sustainability, and progress toward achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).' https://globallacdatahub.com/index.html And none of this wonder data is disaggregated! On the 4th of February: 👉🏽Germany has become kind of a tutorial in self-immolation. Really! Germany has cut its offshore wind generation capacity target from 50 gigawatts by 2035 to 40 gigawatts by 2034 due to crowded seas causing a "wake effect" that reduces output. The reduced capacity and delays in grid connections may hinder Germany's offshore wind ambitions, including its 2045 goal of 70 gigawatts. Stupidity has no limits. Really… self-inflicted harm…the idiocy of closing nuclear plants. 👉🏽'Local authorities in the UK have spent £141 million of taxpayer money on services for migrants such as PlayStations, yoga and circus skills classes, driving and DJ lessons' — Telegraph Money well spent! And then people wonder why all these people are coming to the West. On the 5th of February 👉🏽 The Federal Reserve's Reverse Repo Facility hit its lowest inventory in 1,385 days, today. Ergo: The US is borrowing so much debt to fund deficit spending that the RRP has been DEPLETED to a 1,385-day low. Do you know what's coming? QE & money printing will start aggressively when this drains to 0. They may have 10 different names for it but it’s coming. [](https://i.ibb.co/6jC5Tqx/Gj-ALu-Qybo-AALV-T.jpg) On the 6th of February: 👉🏽 Secretary of State Marco Rubio just deemed that only 294 USAID staffers are necessary out of 14,000. The entire agency will be imminently reduced from 14,000 to 294 employees. This has to be the biggest mass firing yet. On the 7th of February: 👉🏽Indian Rupee falling off the cliff as it plunges to its weakest level against the U.S. Dollar in HISTORY! 👉🏽'30 years ago each major US corporation used to have an equivalent in Germany or France, today their competitors are in Asia and Europe is on a happy path into irrelevance. Overregulation, lack of Innovation, and left redistribution mindset have their price. Will it ever change?' -Michael A. Arouet [](https://i.ibb.co/rR5Kznp3/Gj-K0-Xb4-WIAATg-Uw.jpg) A shame how Europe, once the epicenter of the Industrial Revolution has self-sabotaged into near irrelevancy. Just to give you one comparison, the total valuation of all European companies combined is already smaller than the 2 biggest US companies. Yikes! 👉🏽United Kingdom's leftist government orders Apple to create a back door allowing access to encrypted data stored by Apple users worldwide in its cloud — WaPo 👉🏽The US consumers expect 4.3% inflation during the next 12 months, UP a massive 1.0 percentage point from January. The 4.3% is the highest since November 2023. 4.3%, the highest since November 2023. This marks a 1.7 percentage point jump over the last 3 months, the largest surge since February 2020. Moreover, 5-10-year inflation expectations rose to 3.3%, the highest since June 2008, and the estimates were above 3.2%. Meanwhile, consumer sentiment fell to 67.8 points in February, the lowest in 3 months. Inflation is still a major issue. How will Trump and Bessent deal with that side of the trade tariffs? Meanwhile, one year from now Democrats expect hyperinflation, and Republicans expect deflation. [](https://i.ibb.co/ds3fWh87/Gj-Ma-Zr-PW8-AAE9qq.jpg) This chart is hilarious because it just tells you: “If your brain uses politics it's not rational!” 👉🏽There it is: 600K lower across all of 2024, and even more downward revisions coming next February' - ZeroHedge https://www.zerohedge.com/economics/tomorrows-jobs-report-will-finally-capture-surge-illegal-aliens-lead-another-negative Oh by the way, in just January, 1 MILLION immigrants (legal and illegal) gained a job. Meanwhile, native-born Americans gained just 8,000. All net jobs gains post-Covid are immigrants. This is why they opened the border. To make it even more funnier. The December jobs report has been revised HIGHER, showing 307,000 jobs added for the month, up from 256,000. That's the strongest job number since March 2024. Let's wait a couple of months if this still holds. I kinda don't believe job reports anymore, especially after the last 4 years and revisions. 👉🏽Sam Callahan: 'On Wednesday, the Government Accountability Office published its annual report to Congress on the nation's fiscal health and it didn't sugarcoat things.' full report: https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-25-107714.pdf 👉🏽Argentina will have an inflation of 23.2% in 2025, according to the REM published by the BCRA For January they expect month over month of of 2.3%, and they predict that in April monthly inflation will break through the 2% barrier. In 2027 Argentina should have single-digit annual inflation again, something that has not happened since 2006. Progress under Milei, but let's see if he can manage it. There's still room for improvement. 👉🏽'The UK Labour Government has ordered Apple to create a backdoor in iCloud allowing security services to access your private information. Keir Starmer wants to see your messages. Scary times we live in.' - Basil the Great What is the point of GDPR again? 👉🏽'MASSIVE OPEN AI DATA BREACH? 20 MILLION ACCOUNTS ALLEGEDLY HACKED! A hacker claims to have stolen login details—including emails and passwords—for 20 million OpenAI accounts and is selling them on the dark web. OpenAI says it’s investigating but insists there’s no evidence of a system breach—yet. Cybersecurity experts warn this could lead to identity theft, phishing scams, and even AI-powered cyberattacks.' - Mario Nawfal Although this breach is yet to be verified by OpenAI, anyone using the tool should update their passwords and credentials, as a precaution. If you haven’t already, switch on multi-factor authentication within OpenAI’s settings, as this should give you another layer of protection even if your password has been compromised. On the 8th of February: 👉🏽USAID: 'USAID has pushed nearly half a billion dollars ($472.6m) through a secretive US government-financed NGO, "Internews Network" (IN), which has “worked with” 4,291 media outlets, producing in one year 4,799 hours of broadcasts reaching up to 778 million people and "training” over 9000 journalists (2023 figures). IN has also supported social media censorship initiatives.' -WikiLeaks Source: https://x.com/wikileaks/status/1888072129327083979 'USAID sent $40M to a coronavirus scientist at the Wuhan Institute of Virology who became patient zero of COVID-19.' - Financelot 'Bill Gates’ vaccine organization ‘GAVI’ was awarded $4,880,000,000.00 from USAID. Nearly $5 BILLION in taxpayer money to a single organization Two grants are still active; the 4B dollar grant ends Aug 2030. No wonder Gates is speaking out against DOGE dismantling USAID.' - Lindsay Penney 👉🏽Great breakdown of the US deficit by 'Infra': We are currently running a ~$2.1 trillion deficit. To balance the budget would require cutting about $2T in spending It won’t be possible without significant legislation and the resulting contraction in GDP would be worse than the GFC Here’s the math: -Current GDP is $29T, 3Q24 growth at 2.8% -GDP grew by $1.5T from 1Q23->1Q24 -Current government spending as a % of GDP is 36% -Current government spending is ~$7.5T (on budget) -Current tax receipts are 20% of GDP (~$5.5T) -Current deficit is ~$2T' [](https://i.ibb.co/VpHn3w5p/Gj-Wepv-UXc-AATa-AW.png) Great write-up, full thread: https://x.com/infraa_/status/1888021955686842760 Govt wastes 100% of our tax dollars on bankrupt entitlement programs, forever wars, corporate & social welfare, and other bullshit. Just look at the USAID bit. Nothing stops this train folks. Nothing! Got Bitcoin? On the 9th of February: 👉🏽It’s estimated that the federal government loses $233 Billion to $521 Billion annually to fraud. Although I don't think fraud is the right word, laundering and corruption fit better. Half $1 trillion for 40 years equals 20 trillion. So instead of having a $36 trillion deficit, we would have a $16 trillion deficit if our government didn’t steal our money. Again this is not something I made up or found on a sketchy website, here you have the source: https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-105833 The U.S. Government Accountability Office. Just to give you another example of how fucked up the government operates. This statement is from a 2018 report: The Pentagon spent $1 billion to audit its 2018 financials, and it failed the audit! $1 BILLION!! Ever heard of anyone spending 1 billion just to audit their financials? The audacity. 👉🏽Gold just hit $2900 for the first time in history. Gold's new all-time high above $2900 as a global physical shortage is about to surpass Covid levels. 'London's Gold Shortage: A Symptom Of Global Economic Anxiety' -ZeroHedge Source: https://www.zerohedge.com/precious-metals/londons-gold-shortage-symptom-global-economic-anxiety The above statement perfectly matches the collapse in the FEDs Overnight Repo facility chart. No One Trusts each other's Collateral globally. When the collateral calls come (and they ARE coming) paper coupons ain't gonna cut it. The big institutions know something we don’t. March 2020 pattern. ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: Preston Pysh and Luke Gromen discuss Bitcoin’s Lightning Network, Tether’s USDT integration, and the impact on global payments and traditional banking infrastructure. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w8JXdYmllZ4 Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code **SE3997** Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 2198da8d:23a73c4e

Recovery and relaxation in the fast world today are important for general health. Whether you want to reduce your muscle tension as an athlete or fitness enthusiast, these two can do the trick: the body massage roller and the **[aqua bike](https://www.exclusiveshape.com/aqua-bike-beauty-line)**. These have been established tools not only in helping in recovery but also in improving circulation, flexibility, and fitness in general. Let's learn more about them and how to integrate them into your life. ## Body massage roller: the last breakthrough in muscle recovery A body massage roller is just a simple device that is to be used by people for unwinding the muscles, increasing their flexibility, and enhancing blood flow. Using foam rollers, spiky balls, or vibrating rollers falls under a self-massage technique known as myofascial release; it breaks the muscle knots, which decreases the soreness caused by it. ## The Perks of having a Body Massager Roller on your side, * Relieve Your Muscle Tension – The stress on the massage roller will melt away soreness and stiffness through muscles. * Flexible – Regular sessions with a massager roller enable muscles to maintain flexibility, causing movements to occur more fluid with fewer injuries than expected. * Good Circulation Boosts – Its rolling action propels blood that carries oxygenation and nutrients required for faster rehabilitation. * Relieves Stress and Fatigue - The massaging effects of the roller increase its value as an addition to your wellness regimen. * Improves Performance —Whether an athletic performer or just a casual gym enthusiast, using a massage roller can help prepare your muscles for optimal performance. ## How to Use a Body Massage Roller Effectively **1. Pre-Workout:** Roll the major muscle groups like legs, back, and shoulders to activate circulation. **2. Post-Workout: **Use it post-exercise to relieve muscle stiffness and promote faster recovery. **3. Daily Use:** Include it in your routine for relaxation and stress relief. ## Aqua Bike: The Future of Low-Impact Fitness An aqua bike is a really revolutionary piece of fitness equipment designed to combine water resistance with a cycling workout, usually done inside a pool, providing a very low-impact yet high-intensity exercise regardless of the levels of fitness and health. That is why a person recovering from an injury as well as searching for a challenge can be particularly interested in doing an aqua bike. ## An Aqua Bike has the following benefits: * Joint-Friendly Workout- As water reduces the impact on the joints, it is for those with arthritis or are recovering from injuries. * Improves Cardiovascular Health – Cycling in water increases the heart rate but the safety of the joints is maintained. * Engagement of Muscles – It increases the chances of getting stronger muscles compared to normal cycling in the water due to the natural resistance in water. * Burns more calories- Water resistance intensifies workout and thus burns more calories. * Reduces Muscle Soreness – It automatically massages the muscles, hence reduces post-workout soreness. * Improves Lymphatic Drainage – The pressure from the hydrostatic effect of water can remove toxins in the body and reduce swelling. ## How to Add Aquabiking into Your Training 1. Warm-up: Begin with slow pedaling to get accustomed to the resistance of the water. 2. Cardio Session: Increase resistance and effect by pedaling rapidly or adding resistance from pool currents. 3. Strength Session: Include intervals of sprinting and slow cruising to target different muscle groups involved in exercises. 4. Cool Down: Slower pedaling and some stretching help muscles relax and recover. ## Body Massage Roller: Combine this with an Aqua Bike for Maximum Benefit This would be a very effective recovery and fitness tool as the combination of the body massage roller and aqua bike brings outstanding results. Here is how you can combine them: * Pre-Workout Use massage roller to warm up the muscles before heading into an aqua bike. * Workout: Aqua biking workout for 30–45 minutes for full body conditioning. * Finish the workout with a massage roller for the release of muscle tightness and faster recovery. ### Conclusion The **[body massage roller](https://www.exclusiveshape.com/)** and aqua bike are a couple of excellent tools for enhancing muscle recovery, your fitness, and general wellness. Be it to obtain low-impact cardio workouts or to help ease muscle tension, these tools can offer a practical solution for you. Integrate them into your fitness routine and achieve better flexibility, improved circulation, and faster recovery of your muscles toward a healthier and more active lifestyle.

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

 **What You Will Learn:** - Understanding the concept of cybersecurity - Networking Basics - Operating Systems Overview - Introduction to Kali Linux - Threat Actors and Cyber Threats - Ethical Hacking Techniques and Tools. **How to Register:** Use this link to Register. https://forms.gle/L8AGLCWU4djwUXxz9 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884407

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Please don't take offense to this if you believe in the moral rightness of the existence of the modern state. I don't mean it as a slur, its just the best way to describe the opposite of an anarchist or voluntarist, people that believe in a voluntary society without an artificial monopoly on the use of violence. I think the fact that many bitcoiners value liberty to some degree and often tend to be libertarian in their views, it is easy to assume we are all opposed to the state. My time in bitcoin circles has shown that to be false. Sure there is a _much_ higher proportion of anti-state people in bitcoin than in the normal population, but we are not the majority. That's the sense I get at least. Bitcoin's lure is far more broad than liberty and self sovereignty. The number of people that value these things for others is incredibly small. They exist but its a tiny number. Most people are NPCs. Some are just asleep. Others are on journeys of discovery and maybe they can be reached. Since Trump won the election in the US I have noticed many articles trying to throw cold water on the people happy about his win and the changes he's been making over the past few weeks. I think a big mistake many are making is assuming these people have been seduced by Trump. Maybe that's true but I don't think most of these people were opposed to the state before Trump. Trump is just a different animal. A bull in a china shop doing some things many people have wanted for decades. He's not ideological, moral, or principled. Like the left these bitcoiners just want their way. They want big daddy government to make the world in the way they want it to be. Its a journey. I wasn't born with all the ideas I now hold. I don't think its persuasive or smart to assume your fellow bitcoiners are like you in their views on the state. They probably are much closer to traditional conservatives than anarchists. With all that said, I think far too few people seek to find common ground with others. I may not seem to value this on SN but let me assure you that in person I very much seek common ground with those around me. Some of you need to hear this. We will never have a society where everyone agrees on anywhere near to everything. Sure, some things like murder are pretty agreed upon but I bet you are thinking of examples of disagreements on how to handle it. So keep that in mind. Bitcoin isn't going to turn everyone into a mirror image of your beliefs. Stay humble. We need the people around us. We don't need millions of clones. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/882903

@ f6488c62:c929299d

Lowering interest rates is one of the tools that central banks use to manage the economy, especially during periods of inflation, which causes the prices of goods and services to rise. Lowering interest rates not only helps stimulate spending but can also foster sustainable growth in businesses and labor markets. Access to Capital and Economic Stimulation When interest rates are lowered, the public can access capital more easily. With lower interest rates, borrowing becomes less burdensome, giving individuals and businesses the opportunity to start new ventures or expand existing businesses. This leads to increased investment and spending, which in turn keeps the economy circulating and growing. For instance, when people can easily borrow money to start a new business—such as an online store or a product manufacturing business—the increase in entrepreneurs and the availability of goods in the market will ensure that the supply is sufficient to meet consumer demand. This, in turn, prevents prices from rising too much due to a lack of supply. Reducing Inflation by Increasing Supply Increasing the supply of goods and services in the market can significantly help in controlling inflation. When there are more goods or services available to meet market demand, competition among producers will naturally drive prices down. This is the basic principle of market dynamics: when there’s enough supply, prices are less likely to increase, even in times of high demand. In addition, increasing supply helps address shortages, which are one of the key drivers of rising prices. When there is enough product available to satisfy demand, inflationary pressures can be relieved, and prices can stabilize. Redistributing Income and Reducing Inequality Lower interest rates also play a crucial role in redistributing income within society. By making access to capital easier, especially for those with lower or middle incomes, the public’s purchasing power increases, which can stimulate spending on essential goods and services. When people have more money in hand, they are better able to access necessary products. This boosts demand in the market. However, alongside this increased demand, sufficient supply is needed to prevent prices from rising uncontrollably, which can lead to inflation. Moreover, supporting the population through welfare programs or initiatives that allow everyone to access education and investment opportunities helps individuals create products and value in the market. A diverse market with a variety of products increases production efficiency and helps mitigate economic inequality, ensuring a more balanced and inclusive economy. Conclusion Lowering interest rates and redistributing income effectively can stimulate economic growth and reduce inflation. This works by ensuring there is sufficient supply to meet market demand, while also providing capital that allows the public to start new businesses and generate new products in the market. For sustainable long-term economic growth, managing inflation should go hand in hand with investing in infrastructure and ensuring wealth distribution. This ensures that everyone has equal access to opportunities, leading to steady economic growth without negatively impacting the majority of society. In summary, lowering interest rates is a key tool in stimulating the economy and reducing inflation, especially when the economy faces imbalances. It not only increases supply, but also promotes income redistribution and the creation of an economy that is more equitable in the long run.

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

As the calendar flips to 2024, the financial world's spotlight remains firmly on Bitcoin. This digital currency, once a niche interest, has burgeoned into a major financial asset, challenging traditional investment paradigms. After a staggering 150% rally in 2023, outperforming stalwarts like the S&P 500, gold, and the U.S. dollar, Bitcoin has stirred a mix of excitement and skepticism. Investors, analysts, and enthusiasts are now keenly debating what the future holds for this pioneering cryptocurrency. Will the upward trajectory continue, or is a correction imminent? This article aims to dissect the various factors and indicators that could influence Bitcoin's journey through 2024, offering insights into its potential growth or pitfalls. **Table Of Content** - Understanding the Current Landscape - Key Indicators for 2024 - The Halving Event: A Catalyst for Change - Global Economic Factors - Technological Advancements and Adoption - Challenges and Risks - Conclusion - FAQs - Analyzing Bitcoin's Potential for 2024 **Understanding the Current Landscape** The story of Bitcoin in 2023 is one of resilience and resurgence. Following a tumultuous period marked by regulatory uncertainties and market skepticism, Bitcoin's impressive rally has been a testament to its growing acceptance and maturation as an asset class. This resurgence is underpinned by several key developments: increasing institutional investment, which has lent credibility and stability; advancements in blockchain technology, enhancing Bitcoin's utility and efficiency; and a broader recognition of Bitcoin as a viable digital alternative to traditional safe-haven assets like gold. Moreover, the socio-economic landscape, characterized by inflationary pressures and a search for non-traditional investment havens, has further fueled Bitcoin's appeal. However, this landscape is complex and ever-evolving, with regulatory shifts, technological advancements, and global economic trends continuously reshaping the narrative. **Key Indicators for 2024** **Puell Multiple** The Puell Multiple, a sophisticated yet insightful metric, currently paints a promising picture for Bitcoin. Standing at 1.53, it indicates a balanced valuation – not too hot, not too cold. This equilibrium is significant, considering the historical context where extremes in this metric have often signaled impending market shifts. A value above four typically heralds a peak, signaling overheating, while a dip below 0.5 has often been a precursor to market bottoms, indicating undervaluation. The current reading suggests a potential for steady, sustainable growth, devoid of the speculative frenzy that has characterized previous cycles. **MVRV Z-Score** The MVRV Z-Score, another critical indicator, echoes a similar sentiment. With a current score of 1.6, it implies that Bitcoin is neither in the throes of overvaluation nor languishing in undervaluation. This metric, by comparing market capitalization with realized value, offers a nuanced view of Bitcoin's market position. Historically, extreme values in this score have been reliable harbingers of market tops and bottoms. The current moderate score suggests that Bitcoin may have room for growth, absent the speculative bubbles that have led to volatile boom-and-bust cycles in the past. **Mayer Multiple** The Mayer Multiple, currently at 1.404, offers a perspective on Bitcoin's price relative to its historical performance. This indicator, by comparing the current market price to the 200-day simple moving average, helps identify potential overbought or oversold conditions. A value above 2.4 has historically indicated overbought conditions, often leading to corrections, while a value below 0.5 suggests oversold conditions, presenting potential buying opportunities. The current Mayer Multiple suggests that Bitcoin is trading at a healthy level above its long-term average, indicating that there's potential for further growth before it enters overbought territory. **The Halving Event: A Catalyst for Change** The upcoming Bitcoin halving event in March 2024 is poised to be a pivotal moment. This event, which occurs approximately every four years, reduces the reward for mining new Bitcoin blocks by half. Historically, halving events have been significant market catalysts, often leading to substantial price increases in the following months. The rationale is straightforward: a reduction in the rate of new Bitcoin creation leads to a decrease in supply. If demand remains constant or increases, this supply squeeze can lead to higher prices. However, the halving is more than just a supply-side story. It also attracts media attention and investor interest, potentially drawing new participants into the Bitcoin market. The anticipation and speculation surrounding the halving can create a self-fulfilling prophecy, driving prices up. However, it's important to note that past performance is not indicative of future results, and the market dynamics surrounding each halving are unique. **Global Economic Factors** The trajectory of Bitcoin in 2024 will also be heavily influenced by the broader global economic environment. Factors such as inflation rates, monetary policies of major central banks, and geopolitical tensions play a significant role in shaping investor sentiment towards risk assets, including cryptocurrencies. In an environment where traditional currencies are devalued due to inflation or economic instability, Bitcoin could gain further traction as a digital store of value. Conversely, a tightening of monetary policy, leading to higher interest rates, could dampen investor appetite for riskier assets like Bitcoin. Additionally, geopolitical events that create uncertainty in traditional markets could either drive investors towards safe-haven assets like gold and potentially Bitcoin or lead to a broader risk-off sentiment, adversely affecting all risk assets, including cryptocurrencies. **Technological Advancements and Adoption** The ongoing development and adoption of Bitcoin and blockchain technology will be crucial determinants of Bitcoin's value in 2024. The evolution of the Lightning Network, which promises faster and cheaper transactions, could significantly enhance Bitcoin's utility as a medium of exchange. This, in turn, could broaden its appeal beyond just a store of value, potentially attracting a new wave of users and investors. Furthermore, the integration of Bitcoin into more mainstream financial services and the continued growth of the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector could provide additional use cases and increase its value proposition. However, technological advancements are not without risks. Issues such as network scalability, security vulnerabilities, and the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining continue to be areas of concern that could influence public perception and regulatory scrutiny. **Challenges and Risks** Despite the optimistic outlook based on current indicators, the path ahead for Bitcoin is fraught with uncertainties and risks. Regulatory developments remain a wildcard. Governments and financial regulators around the world are still grappling with how to best regulate cryptocurrencies. Stricter regulations, or even outright bans in certain jurisdictions, could impact Bitcoin's accessibility and attractiveness. Additionally, the inherent volatility of Bitcoin remains a significant concern. While this volatility can present opportunities for high returns, it also poses substantial risks for investors, particularly those who are not well-versed in the cryptocurrency market. Moreover, the technological landscape of cryptocurrencies is rapidly evolving, and Bitcoin faces competition from newer, potentially more technologically advanced cryptocurrencies. This competition could impact Bitcoin's market dominance and investor sentiment. **Conclusion** As we look towards 2024, the journey of Bitcoin continues to be an intriguing blend of potential and unpredictability. The indicators and factors discussed in this article suggest a cautiously optimistic outlook for Bitcoin. However, it is crucial for investors and enthusiasts to remain vigilant and informed, considering both the opportunities and the risks involved. The evolution of Bitcoin is not just a financial story; it's a technological and socio-economic narrative that continues to unfold in fascinating and often unexpected ways. The coming year promises to be another chapter in this ongoing saga, as Bitcoin navigates the complex interplay of market dynamics, technological advancements, and global economic trends. **FAQs** **What is the significance of the Bitcoin halving event in 2024?** The Bitcoin halving, expected in March 2024, is a pivotal event where the reward for mining new Bitcoin blocks is halved. Historically, this has led to a reduction in supply and often a subsequent increase in price, attracting significant investor attention. **How do economic factors influence Bitcoin's value?** Global economic factors such as inflation rates, monetary policies, and geopolitical tensions can significantly impact Bitcoin's value. Inflation or economic instability can enhance Bitcoin's appeal as a digital store of value, while tighter monetary policies might reduce the appetite for riskier assets like Bitcoin. **What are the key indicators to watch for Bitcoin in 2024?** Key indicators include the Puell Multiple, MVRV Z-Score, and Mayer Multiple. These metrics provide insights into Bitcoin's valuation, market capitalization, and comparison to historical performance, helping gauge its potential growth or correction. **How does technological advancement affect Bitcoin?** Technological advancements, like improvements in the Lightning Network, enhance Bitcoin's utility and efficiency. This can broaden its use cases, potentially increasing its value. However, technological risks and competition from other cryptocurrencies also play a role. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnews.co](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@croxroadnews](https://www.youtube.com/@croxroadnews)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ 3b7fc823:e194354f

site:example.com intitle:"index of" inurl:admin intext:"password" site:example.com site:.gov site:.edu site:*.mil inurl:login inurl:admin inurl:dashboard inurl:portal intitle:"admin login" intitle:"index of /" intitle:"index of" "parent directory" intitle:"index of" "backup" filetype:pdf "confidential" filetype:xls "username | password" filetype:doc "top secret" filetype:sql "database" intext:"username" intext:"password" intext:"login" intext:"password" filetype:txt "passwords" inurl:"viewerframe?mode=" inurl:"/view.shtml" inurl:"/view/index.shtml" intitle:"index of" "wp-config.php" inurl:".git" filetype:xls intext:"email" filetype:csv intext:"email" inurl:"/setup.cgi?next_file=netgear.cfg" inurl:"/wificonf.html"

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

In this edition, we invited Rafael from Bitcoin É Aqui to share the development of his community and its efforts in promoting Bitcoin adoption. From establishing a Bitcoin-friendly environment in Rolante to organizing and supporting events like the Bitcoin Spring Festival and KuchenFest, Rafael highlighted Bitcoin's impact on the local economy and tourism industry. **YakiHonne**: Today, we are honored to invite Rafael from Bitcoin é Aqui to join us. Before we dive in, I'd like to take a moment to introduce YakiHonne and share a bit about what we do. YakiHonne is a decentralized media client built on the Nostr protocol that enables freedom of speech through technology. It empowers creators to create their own voice, assets, and features. It also allows features like smart widgets, verified notes, and focuses on long-form articles. Now today we'll be exploring more about the Bitcoin community. Rafael, could you please briefly introduce what sparked your interest in Bitcoin, and what motivated you to create this community? **Rafael**：Like many, Stim's and his wife Camila's initial interest was in technology— a completely new way to transfer money with full self-custody. From the beginning, the project focused on the payment network, and at the time, they didn’t realize it would evolve into “A Project.” **YakiHonne**: Could you share how your community got started, the strategies you used to attract members, and the early challenges you encountered? **Rafael**：From the start, we were all about building a payment network. We began by paying our barber, gardener, and other service providers with Bitcoin. After a few close friends joined, word started to spread—even though some were worried about scams and Bitcoin's legality. To address these concerns, we held a talk at the City's Trade Association on how merchants could legally accept Bitcoin. We expected 5 to 10 friends, but over 60 merchants attended! Today, we’re proud to say that our city is the most Bitcoin-friendly in the world, with more than 40% of stores accepting it. From plumbers to supermarkets, it’s amazing to see our community featured on the BitcoinMap website.  **YakiHonne**: What principles guide the community, and how do you maintain trust and reliability in discussions? **Rafael**：Like Bitcoin itself, decentralization is our core principle. The project "Bitcoin É Aqui" (loosely translated as "Bitcoin is Here") assists merchants in setting up Lightning wallets and offers best practices. However, every merchant is free to operate as they see fit—choosing whether to follow our advice or to use any wallet they prefer. Moreover, many experienced merchants help onboard newcomers, building trust through established networks and reinforcing our decentralized approach. **YakiHonne**: How do you educate members and keep them updated on Bitcoin developments? **Rafael**：We have a group chat where we post some news, but in Brazil, almost everyone already uses WhatsApp for communication, and news usually spreads through these groups, again highlighting the decentralized nature of the Project. **YakiHonne**: What initiatives has the community undertaken to promote Bitcoin adoption, and what results have you seen? **Rafael**：Of course, the rising coin value draws attention, but the main attraction is tourists coming to Rolante to learn about the project. Rolante was already famed for its natural wonders—majestic mountains and breathtaking waterfalls. Combined with Bitcoin’s innovative acceptance as a payment method, it has become an even stronger magnet for visitors. **Rafael**：In Rolante, living completely on Bitcoin is a reality. Here, you'll find travel agencies, professional tour guides, and a variety of services—from department stores and opticians to real estate agents, construction companies, architects, furniture stores, building materials suppliers, and solar energy providers. In the healthcare sector, you can rely on pharmacies, massage therapists, physiotherapists, and advanced dental services; even the city hospital accepts Bitcoin as payment.  **YakiHonne**: What are the community’s goals for the next 6-12 months, and how do you see it evolving with Bitcoin’s growth? **Rafael**：As a project, Bitcoin É Aqui doesn’t dictate what the community should do, but we support many events like Pizza Day, Bitcoin Spring Festival, Bier Rock, KuchenFest. One major event is the biennial Bitcoin Spring Festival (BSF). The Bitcoin Spring Festival (BSF) is a key event in the Rolante Bitcoin community, aimed at promoting Bitcoin adoption and circular economy development. This year, the festival focuses on "Bitcoinization," bringing together notable figures in the Bitcoin space to showcase a real Bitcoin economic ecosystem. During the event, all transactions will be conducted via the Lightning Network, with Coinos.io and Wallet Of Satoshi recommended. BSF is not just a celebration but a movement toward financial freedom.  **Rafael**：This March, Rolante will host its most traditional event, KuchenFest, celebrating the local traditional bread delicacy. The event centers around the sweet bread Cuca, bringing together candy makers and Cuca enthusiasts to share recipes, techniques, and stories. Additionally, the festival features live music, folk dances, and family activities, showcasing rich cultural traditions. We will help the event accept and promote the use of Bitcoin.

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Have you ever tried to explain the political factions in the US to a curious young person? If you haven't you might not realize how little sense they make. This is only becoming more evident with the radical changes the current admin are making. I have to say I'm enjoy being a spectator of it all. When I was a kid the dems were called liberals and they called themselves liberals. The republicans didn't always call themselves conservatives but over the years that has become more of the case. These days with a new admin that is hardly conservative, the left is losing their mind because of the new admin's strategy for reforming the executive branch. When I listen to them they sound a lot like conservatives. Talking about how long this thing or that thing has been in place. How these kids are being given power. Its all rather funny and hypocritical to me. Conservatives typically don't like change but they seem to like the new approach in Washington. I would argue what is going on is NOT conservative. Its actually pretty radical. I have long thought that the conservative movement was a joke. What are they conserving? They seem to never get the core problems and how deep the rot goes. They seem to be stuck in some nostalgic dream of a time that never existed. A perpetual 20 years ago time that never existed. When education was great and morals were more to their liking. Michael Malice said it best I think, "Conservatives are progressives going the speed limit". The dems typically call themselves progressive now which is also a bad descriptor. They seem to be bigger moralists than their opponents. Rather than progressing towards a bright future, blazing a new trail they seem to want to try to old meritless ideas of old men like Marx. Their answers to every problem are centralizing power and giving more of your freedoms away. This is hardly a progressive or new idea. Its an old idea. One of a strong state that controls more of your life. Its hardly liberal either. I don't have new terms that work and even if I did good luck changing them :) Just one man's observation. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/882858

@ 97c70a44:ad98e322

There was a slight dust up recently over a website someone runs removing a listing for an app someone built based on entirely arbitrary criteria. I'm not to going to attempt to speak for either wounded party, but I would like to share my own personal definition for what constitutes a "nostr app" in an effort to help clarify what might be an otherwise confusing and opaque purity test. In this post, I will be committing the "no true Scotsman" fallacy, in which I start with the most liberal definition I can come up with, and gradually refine it until all that is left is the purest, gleamingest, most imaginary and unattainable nostr app imaginable. As I write this, I wonder if anything built yet will actually qualify. In any case, here we go. # It uses nostr The lowest bar for what a "nostr app" might be is an app ("application" - i.e. software, not necessarily a native app of any kind) that has some nostr-specific code in it, but which doesn't take any advantage of what makes nostr distinctive as a protocol. Examples might include a scraper of some kind which fulfills its charter by fetching data from relays (regardless of whether it validates or retains signatures). Another might be a regular web 2.0 app which provides an option to "log in with nostr" by requesting and storing the user's public key. In either case, the fact that nostr is involved is entirely neutral. A scraper can scrape html, pdfs, jsonl, whatever data source - nostr relays are just another target. Likewise, a user's key in this scenario is treated merely as an opaque identifier, with no appreciation for the super powers it brings along. In most cases, this kind of app only exists as a marketing ploy, or less cynically, because it wants to get in on the hype of being a "nostr app", without the developer quite understanding what that means, or having the budget to execute properly on the claim. # It leverages nostr Some of you might be wondering, "isn't 'leverage' a synonym for 'use'?" And you would be right, but for one connotative difference. It's possible to "use" something improperly, but by definition leverage gives you a mechanical advantage that you wouldn't otherwise have. This is the second category of "nostr app". This kind of app gets some benefit out of the nostr protocol and network, but in an entirely selfish fashion. The intention of this kind of app is not to augment the nostr network, but to augment its own UX by borrowing some nifty thing from the protocol without really contributing anything back. Some examples might include: - Using nostr signers to encrypt or sign data, and then store that data on a proprietary server. - Using nostr relays as a kind of low-code backend, but using proprietary event payloads. - Using nostr event kinds to represent data (why), but not leveraging the trustlessness that buys you. An application in this category might even communicate to its users via nostr DMs - but this doesn't make it a "nostr app" any more than a website that emails you hot deals on herbal supplements is an "email app". These apps are purely parasitic on the nostr ecosystem. In the long-term, that's not necessarily a bad thing. Email's ubiquity is self-reinforcing. But in the short term, this kind of "nostr app" can actually do damage to nostr's reputation by over-promising and under-delivering. # It complements nostr Next up, we have apps that get some benefit out of nostr as above, but give back by providing a unique value proposition to nostr users as nostr users. This is a bit of a fine distinction, but for me this category is for apps which focus on solving problems that nostr isn't good at solving, leaving the nostr integration in a secondary or supporting role. One example of this kind of app was Mutiny (RIP), which not only allowed users to sign in with nostr, but also pulled those users' social graphs so that users could send money to people they knew and trusted. Mutiny was doing a great job of leveraging nostr, as well as providing value to users with nostr identities - but it was still primarily a bitcoin wallet, not a "nostr app" in the purest sense. Other examples are things like Nostr Nests and Zap.stream, whose core value proposition is streaming video or audio content. Both make great use of nostr identities, data formats, and relays, but they're primarily streaming apps. A good litmus test for things like this is: if you got rid of nostr, would it be the same product (even if inferior in certain ways)? A similar category is infrastructure providers that benefit nostr by their existence (and may in fact be targeted explicitly at nostr users), but do things in a centralized, old-web way; for example: media hosts, DNS registrars, hosting providers, and CDNs. To be clear here, I'm not casting aspersions (I don't even know what those are, or where to buy them). All the apps mentioned above use nostr to great effect, and are a real benefit to nostr users. But they are not True Scotsmen. # It embodies nostr Ok, here we go. This is the crème de la crème, the top du top, the meilleur du meilleur, the bee's knees. The purest, holiest, most chaste category of nostr app out there. The apps which are, indeed, nostr indigitate. This category of nostr app (see, no quotes this time) can be defined by the converse of the previous category. If nostr was removed from this type of application, would it be impossible to create the same product? To tease this apart a bit, apps that leverage the technical aspects of nostr are dependent on nostr the *protocol*, while apps that benefit nostr exclusively via network effect are integrated into nostr the *network*. An app that does both things is working in symbiosis with nostr as a whole. An app that embraces both nostr's protocol and its network becomes an organic extension of every other nostr app out there, multiplying both its competitive moat and its contribution to the ecosystem: - In contrast to apps that only borrow from nostr on the technical level but continue to operate in their own silos, an application integrated into the nostr network comes pre-packaged with existing users, and is able to provide more value to those users because of other nostr products. On nostr, it's a good thing to advertise your competitors. - In contrast to apps that only market themselves to nostr users without building out a deep integration on the protocol level, a deeply integrated app becomes an asset to every other nostr app by becoming an organic extension of them through interoperability. This results in increased traffic to the app as other developers and users refer people to it instead of solving their problem on their own. This is the "micro-apps" utopia we've all been waiting for. Credible exit doesn't matter if there aren't alternative services. Interoperability is pointless if other applications don't offer something your app doesn't. Marketing to nostr users doesn't matter if you don't augment their agency _as nostr users_. If I had to choose a single NIP that represents the mindset behind this kind of app, it would be NIP 89 A.K.A. "Recommended Application Handlers", which states: > Nostr's discoverability and transparent event interaction is one of its most interesting/novel mechanics. This NIP provides a simple way for clients to discover applications that handle events of a specific kind to ensure smooth cross-client and cross-kind interactions. These handlers are the glue that holds nostr apps together. A single event, signed by the developer of an application (or by the application's own account) tells anyone who wants to know 1. what event kinds the app supports, 2. how to link to the app (if it's a client), and (if the pubkey also publishes a kind 10002), 3. which relays the app prefers. _As a sidenote, NIP 89 is currently focused more on clients, leaving DVMs, relays, signers, etc somewhat out in the cold. Updating 89 to include tailored listings for each kind of supporting app would be a huge improvement to the protocol. This, plus a good front end for navigating these listings (sorry nostrapp.link, close but no cigar) would obviate the evil centralized websites that curate apps based on arbitrary criteria._ Examples of this kind of app obviously include many kind 1 clients, as well as clients that attempt to bring the benefits of the nostr protocol and network to new use cases - whether long form content, video, image posts, music, emojis, recipes, project management, or any other "content type". To drill down into one example, let's think for a moment about forms. What's so great about a forms app that is built on nostr? Well, - There is a [spec](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/pull/1190) for forms and responses, which means that... - Multiple clients can implement the same data format, allowing for credible exit and user choice, even of... - Other products not focused on forms, which can still view, respond to, or embed forms, and which can send their users via NIP 89 to a client that does... - Cryptographically sign forms and responses, which means they are self-authenticating and can be sent to... - Multiple relays, which reduces the amount of trust necessary to be confident results haven't been deliberately "lost". Show me a forms product that does all of those things, and isn't built on nostr. You can't, because it doesn't exist. Meanwhile, there are plenty of image hosts with APIs, streaming services, and bitcoin wallets which have basically the same levels of censorship resistance, interoperability, and network effect as if they weren't built on nostr. # It supports nostr Notice I haven't said anything about whether relays, signers, blossom servers, software libraries, DVMs, and the accumulated addenda of the nostr ecosystem are nostr apps. Well, they are (usually). This is the category of nostr app that gets none of the credit for doing all of the work. There's no question that they qualify as beautiful nostrcorns, because their value propositions are entirely meaningless outside of the context of nostr. Who needs a signer if you don't have a cryptographic identity you need to protect? DVMs are literally impossible to use without relays. How are you going to find the blossom server that will serve a given hash if you don't know which servers the publishing user has selected to store their content? In addition to being entirely contextualized by nostr architecture, this type of nostr app is valuable because it does things "the nostr way". By that I mean that they don't simply try to replicate existing internet functionality into a nostr context; instead, they create entirely new ways of putting the basic building blocks of the internet back together. A great example of this is how Nostr Connect, Nostr Wallet Connect, and DVMs all use relays as brokers, which allows service providers to avoid having to accept incoming network connections. This opens up really interesting possibilities all on its own. So while I might hesitate to call many of these things "apps", they are certainly "nostr". # Appendix: it smells like a NINO So, let's say you've created an app, but when you show it to people they politely smile, nod, and call it a NINO (Nostr In Name Only). What's a hacker to do? Well, here's your handy-dandy guide on how to wash that NINO stench off and Become a Nostr. You app might be a NINO if: - There's no NIP for your data format (or you're abusing NIP 78, 32, etc by inventing a sub-protocol inside an existing event kind) - There's a NIP, but no one knows about it because it's in a text file on your hard drive (or buried in your project's repository) - Your NIP imposes an incompatible/centralized/legacy web paradigm onto nostr - Your NIP relies on trusted third (or first) parties - There's only one implementation of your NIP (yours) - Your core value proposition doesn't depend on relays, events, or nostr identities - One or more relay urls are hard-coded into the source code - Your app depends on a specific relay implementation to work (*ahem*, relay29) - You don't validate event signatures - You don't publish events to relays you don't control - You don't read events from relays you don't control - You use legacy web services to solve problems, rather than nostr-native solutions - You use nostr-native solutions, but you've hardcoded their pubkeys or URLs into your app - You don't use NIP 89 to discover clients and services - You haven't published a NIP 89 listing for your app - You don't leverage your users' web of trust for filtering out spam - You don't respect your users' mute lists - You try to "own" your users' data Now let me just re-iterate - it's ok to be a NINO. We need NINOs, because nostr can't (and shouldn't) tackle every problem. You just need to decide whether your app, as a NINO, is actually contributing to the nostr ecosystem, or whether you're just using buzzwords to whitewash a legacy web software product. If you're in the former camp, great! If you're in the latter, what are you waiting for? Only you can fix your NINO problem. And there are lots of ways to do this, depending on your own unique situation: - Drop nostr support if it's not doing anyone any good. If you want to build a normal company and make some money, that's perfectly fine. - Build out your nostr integration - start taking advantage of webs of trust, self-authenticating data, event handlers, etc. - Work around the problem. Think you need a special relay feature for your app to work? Guess again. Consider encryption, AUTH, DVMs, or better data formats. - Think your idea is a good one? Talk to other devs or open a PR to the [nips repo](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips). No one can adopt your NIP if they don't know about it. - Keep going. It can sometimes be hard to distinguish a research project from a NINO. New ideas have to be built out before they can be fully appreciated. - Listen to advice. Nostr developers are friendly and happy to help. If you're not sure why you're getting traction, ask! I sincerely hope this article is useful for all of you out there in NINO land. Maybe this made you feel better about not passing the totally optional nostr app purity test. Or maybe it gave you some actionable next steps towards making a great NINON (Nostr In Not Only Name) app. In either case, GM and PV.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Tech stocks have taken a hit globally after China's DeepSeek launched a competitive AI chatbot at a much lower cost than US counterparts. This has stirred market fears of a $1.2 trillion loss across tech companies when trading opens in New York. DeepSeek’s chatbot quickly topped download charts and surprised experts with its capabilities, developed for only $5.6 million. The Nasdaq dropped over 3% in premarket trading, with major firms like Nvidia falling more than 10%. SoftBank also saw losses shortly after investing in a significant US AI venture. Venture capitalist Marc Andreessen called it “AI’s Sputnik moment,” highlighting its potential impact on the industry. ![] (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/content/dam/business/2025/01/27/TELEMMGLPICT000409807198_17379939060750_trans_NvBQzQNjv4BqgsaO8O78rhmZrDxTlQBjdGLvJF5WfpqnBZShRL_tOZw.jpeg)

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Salwan Momika, a Christian Iraqi known for burning the Koran in Sweden, was shot dead during a TikTok livestream in an apartment in Sodertalje. The 38-year-old sparked outrage in the Muslim community for his demonstrations, leading to global condemnation. After being rushed to the hospital, he was pronounced dead. Authorities arrested five individuals in connection with the incident. Momika's death comes days before a court ruling on his possible incitement of ethnic hatred. The incident highlights the tensions surrounding free speech and religious sentiments, intensifying after his controversial protests in 2023. [Sauce](https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-14341423/Christian-Iraqi-burnt-Koran-Sweden-shot-dead.html)

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

**"Degeneration"** or **"Вырождение"** ![[photo_2025-01-29 23.23.15.jpeg]] A once-functional object, now eroded by time and human intervention, stripped of its original purpose. Layers of presence accumulate—marks, alterations, traces of intent—until the very essence is obscured. Restoration is paradoxical: to reclaim, one must erase. Yet erasure is an impossibility, for to remove these imprints is to deny the existence of those who shaped them. The work stands as a meditation on entropy, memory, and the irreversible dialogue between creation and decay.

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

Lyn Alden - биткойн евангелист или евангелистка, я пока не понял ``` npub1a2cww4kn9wqte4ry70vyfwqyqvpswksna27rtxd8vty6c74era8sdcw83a ``` Thomas Pacchia - PubKey owner - X - @tpacchia ``` npub1xy6exlg37pw84cpyj05c2pdgv86hr25cxn0g7aa8g8a6v97mhduqeuhgpl ``` calvadev - Shopstr ``` npub16dhgpql60vmd4mnydjut87vla23a38j689jssaqlqqlzrtqtd0kqex0nkq ``` Calle - Cashu founder ``` npub12rv5lskctqxxs2c8rf2zlzc7xx3qpvzs3w4etgemauy9thegr43sf485vg ``` Джек Дорси ``` npub1sg6plzptd64u62a878hep2kev88swjh3tw00gjsfl8f237lmu63q0uf63m ``` 21 ideas ``` npub1lm3f47nzyf0rjp6fsl4qlnkmzed4uj4h2gnf2vhe3l3mrj85vqks6z3c7l ``` Много адресов. Хз кто надо сортировать ``` https://github.com/aitechguy/nostr-address-book ``` ФиатДжеф - создатель Ностр - https://github.com/fiatjaf ``` npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 ``` EVAN KALOUDIS Zues wallet ``` npub19kv88vjm7tw6v9qksn2y6h4hdt6e79nh3zjcud36k9n3lmlwsleqwte2qd ``` Программер Коди https://github.com/CodyTseng/nostr-relay ``` npub1syjmjy0dp62dhccq3g97fr87tngvpvzey08llyt6ul58m2zqpzps9wf6wl ``` Anna Chekhovich - Managing Bitcoin at The Anti-Corruption Foundation https://x.com/AnyaChekhovich ``` npub1y2st7rp54277hyd2usw6shy3kxprnmpvhkezmldp7vhl7hp920aq9cfyr7 ```

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

![[yedinaya-rossiya-bear.png]] 1️⃣ Be where the bear roams. Stay in its territory, where it hunts for food. No point setting a trap in your backyard if the bear’s chilling in the forest. 2️⃣ Set a well-hidden trap. Bury it, disguise it, and place the bait right in the center. Bears are omnivores—just like secret police KGB agents. And what’s the tastiest bait for them? Money. 3️⃣ Wait for the bear to take the bait. When it reaches in, the trap will snap shut around its paw. It’ll be alive, but stuck. No escape. Now, what you do with a trapped bear is another question... 😏

@ ac6f9572:8a6853dd

I attended Sats ‘n’ Facts to share my art, joining other Nostr artists in exhibiting our work at the event’s very first venue. It was a great opportunity to connect with fellow creatives, including Siritravelsketch, whose work I’ve admired on Nostr for some time. Meeting other artists in real life is always inspiring—there’s an undeniable creative bond that comes from sharing our passion in person.  Sats ‘n’ Facts is an Unconference, meaning there’s no strict schedule—everything is open for participants. It’s all about the connections made, the synergy shared, and, for the developers attending, the excitement of a hackathon. (A hackathon is an event where people collaborate intensively on engineering projects, often within 24 to 48 hours.)  My goal as an artist is to become a bridge between the Bitcoin tech world and the Bitcoin art and design space. Bitcoin empowers us by providing greater (financial) freedom, and with that freedom comes more time to pursue what we truly love—so in a way, you never have to “work” again. 😊  Nostr is a great example of how bubbles 🫧 POP, leading to new collaborations. Without tech, artists wouldn’t have a way to share their work, and without artists, creatives, and plebs, developers would have no one to build for. Both sides are essential for organic growth. This kind of synergy can only thrive in a decentralized system—otherwise, it risks being captured by big corporations. And that single point of failure is one of the biggest challenges we face in the world today.  Decentralization is freedom. Events like Sats ‘n’ Facts give us the opportunity to collaborate, create, and contribute to a more decentralized world—one where more people can truly become free.  Can’t wait to join the next Sats’n’facts. Maybe Barcelona!? * * * Originally article published by @BitPopArt on @YakiHonne: https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqsa64uxz3ek0kx2mzlhqs0seavay4l06c4xek6a0zup8pmge8c6vqq242en0tukk7u2fwe8kkjrpv3ykgjtzwfsk5hmmfyp #art #nostr #ThaiNostrich #artonnostr #artstr originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/884327

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

The land that belongs to the indigenous peoples of Russia has been seized by a gang of killers who have unleashed a war of extermination. They wipe out anyone who refuses to conform to their rules. Those who disagree and stay behind are tortured and killed in prisons and labor camps. Those who flee lose their homeland, dissolve into foreign cultures, and fade away. And those who stand up to protect their people are attacked by the misled and deceived. The deceived die for the unchecked greed of a single dictator—thousands from both sides, people who just wanted to live, raise their kids, and build a future. Now, they are forced to make an impossible choice: abandon their homeland or die. Some perish on the battlefield, others lose themselves in exile, stripped of their identity, scattered in a world that isn’t theirs. There’s been endless debate about how to fix this, how to clear the field of the weeds that choke out every new sprout, every attempt at change. But the real problem? We can’t play by their rules. We can’t speak their language or use their weapons. We stand for humanity, and no matter how righteous our cause, we will not multiply suffering. Victory doesn’t come from matching the enemy—it comes from staying ahead, from using tools they haven’t mastered yet. That’s how wars are won. Our only resource is the **will of the people** to rewrite the order of things. Historian Timothy Snyder once said that a nation cannot exist without a city. A city is where the most active part of a nation thrives. But the cities are occupied. The streets are watched. Gatherings are impossible. They control the money. They control the mail. They control the media. And any dissent is crushed before it can take root. So I started asking myself: **How do we stop this fragmentation?** How do we create a space where people can **rebuild their connections** when they’re ready? How do we build a **self-sustaining network**, where everyone contributes and benefits proportionally, while keeping their freedom to leave intact? And more importantly—**how do we make it spread, even in occupied territory?** In 2009, something historic happened: **the internet got its own money.** Thanks to **Satoshi Nakamoto**, the world took a massive leap forward. Bitcoin and decentralized ledgers shattered the idea that money must be controlled by the state. Now, to move or store value, all you need is an address and a key. A tiny string of text, easy to carry, impossible to seize. That was the year money broke free. The state lost its grip. Its biggest weapon—physical currency—became irrelevant. Money became **purely digital.** The internet was already **a sanctuary for information**, a place where people could connect and organize. But with Bitcoin, it evolved. Now, **value itself** could flow freely, beyond the reach of authorities. Think about it: when seedlings are grown in controlled environments before being planted outside, they **get stronger, survive longer, and bear fruit faster.** That’s how we handle crops in harsh climates—nurture them until they’re ready for the wild. Now, picture the internet as that **controlled environment** for **ideas**. Bitcoin? It’s the **fertile soil** that lets them grow. A testing ground for new models of interaction, where concepts can take root before they move into the real world. If **nation-states are a battlefield, locked in a brutal war for territory, the internet is boundless.** It can absorb any number of ideas, any number of people, and it doesn’t **run out of space.** But for this ecosystem to thrive, people need safe ways to communicate, to share ideas, to build something real—**without surveillance, without censorship, without the constant fear of being erased.** This is where **Nostr** comes in. Nostr—"Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays"—is more than just a messaging protocol. **It’s a new kind of city.** One that **no dictator can seize**, no corporation can own, no government can shut down. It’s built on **decentralization, encryption, and individual control.** Messages don’t pass through central servers—they are relayed through independent nodes, and users choose which ones to trust. There’s no master switch to shut it all down. Every person owns their identity, their data, their connections. And no one—no state, no tech giant, no algorithm—can silence them. In a world where cities fall and governments fail, **Nostr is a city that cannot be occupied.** A place for ideas, for networks, for freedom. A city that grows stronger **the more people build within it**.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Secretary of State Marco Rubio issued new guidance halting spending on most foreign aid grants for 90 days, including military assistance to Ukraine. This immediate order shocked State Department officials and mandates “stop-work orders” on nearly all existing foreign assistance awards. While it allows exceptions for military financing to Egypt and Israel, as well as emergency food assistance, it restricts aid to key allies like Ukraine, Jordan, and Taiwan. The guidance raises potential liability risks for the government due to unfulfilled contracts. A report will be prepared within 85 days to recommend which programs to continue or discontinue.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

## Chef's notes # arbitray - test - of - chefs notes ## hedding 2 ## Details - ⏲️ Prep time: 20 - 🍳 Cook time: 1 hour - 🍽️ Servings: 5 ## Ingredients - Test ingredient - 2nd test ingredient ## Directions 1. Bake 2. Cool

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

President Trump plans to withdraw 20,000 U.S. troops from Europe and expects European allies to contribute financially to the remaining military presence. Reported by ANSA, Trump aims to deliver this message to European leaders since taking office. A European diplomat noted, “the costs cannot be borne solely by American taxpayers.” The Pentagon hasn't commented yet. Trump has previously sought lower troop levels in Europe and had ordered cuts during his first term. The U.S. currently maintains around 65,000 troops in Europe, with total forces reaching 100,000 since the Ukraine invasion. Trump's new approach may shift military focus to the Pacific amid growing concerns about China. [Sauce](https://www.stripes.com/theaters/europe/2025-01-24/trump-europe-troop-cuts-16590074.html)

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

| Parameters | Dry Mead | Medium Mead | Sweet Mead | |------------|-----------|-------------|------------| | Honey | 2 lbs (900 grams) | 3 lbs (1.36 kg) | 4 lbs (1.81 kg) | | Yeast | ~0.07 oz (2 grams) | ~0.08 oz (2.5 grams) | ~0.10 oz (3 grams) | | Fermentation | ~4 weeks | 4 to 6 weeks | 6 to 8 weeks | | Racking | Fortnight or later | 1 month or after | ~2 months and after | | Specific Gravity | <1.010 | ~1.01 to ~1.025 | >1.025 |

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

President Trump has ordered thousands of additional troops to the U.S.-Mexico border as part of an effort to address immigration and security issues. This directive builds on his initial commitment to increase military presence along the border. Currently, around 2,200 active-duty personnel and approximately 4,500 National Guardsmen are stationed there. The new deployment aims to enhance the capabilities of Joint Task Force-North, allowing troops to assist in operations and provide intelligence support. Details on specific units remain unclear. The situation is still developing, with updates expected. [Sauce](https://thepostmillennial.com/breaking-president-trump-orders-thousands-of-troops-to-the-us-border-with-mexico)

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

A seguir, veja como instalar e configurar o **Privoxy** no **Pop!_OS**. --- ### **1. Instalar o Tor e o Privoxy** Abra o terminal e execute: ```bash sudo apt update sudo apt install tor privoxy ``` **Explicação:** - **Tor:** Roteia o tráfego pela rede Tor. - **Privoxy:** Proxy avançado que intermedia a conexão entre aplicativos e o Tor. --- ### **2. Configurar o Privoxy** Abra o arquivo de configuração do Privoxy: ```bash sudo nano /etc/privoxy/config ``` Navegue até a última linha (atalho: **`Ctrl`** + **`/`** depois **`Ctrl`** + **`V`** para navegar diretamente até a última linha) e insira: ```bash forward-socks5 / 127.0.0.1:9050 . ``` Isso faz com que o **Privoxy** envie todo o tráfego para o **Tor** através da porta **9050**. Salve (**`CTRL`** + **`O`** e **`Enter`**) e feche (**`CTRL`** + **`X`**) o arquivo. --- ### **3. Iniciar o Tor e o Privoxy** Agora, inicie e habilite os serviços: ```bash sudo systemctl start tor sudo systemctl start privoxy sudo systemctl enable tor sudo systemctl enable privoxy ``` **Explicação:** - **start:** Inicia os serviços. - **enable:** Faz com que iniciem automaticamente ao ligar o PC. --- ### **4. Configurar o Navegador Firefox** Para usar a rede **Tor** com o Firefox: 1. Abra o Firefox. 2. Acesse **Configurações** → **Configurar conexão**. 3. Selecione **Configuração manual de proxy**. 4. Configure assim: - **Proxy HTTP:** `127.0.0.1` - **Porta:** `8118` (porta padrão do **Privoxy**) - **Domínio SOCKS (v5):** `127.0.0.1` - **Porta:** `9050` 5. Marque a opção **"Usar este proxy também em HTTPS"**. 6. Clique em **OK**. --- ### **5. Verificar a Conexão com o Tor** Abra o navegador e acesse: ```text https://check.torproject.org/ ``` Se aparecer a mensagem **"Congratulations. This browser is configured to use Tor."**, a configuração está correta. --- ### **Dicas Extras** - **Privoxy** pode ser ajustado para bloquear anúncios e rastreadores. - Outros aplicativos também podem ser configurados para usar o **Privoxy**.

@ 16d11430:61640947

In a world drowning in Monopoly money, where people celebrate government-mandated inflation as "economic growth," it takes a special kind of clarity—nay, cynicism—to rise above the fiat circus. This is your guide to shedding your fiat f**ks and embracing the serene chaos of sound money, all while laughing at the absurdity of a world gone fiat-mad. --- 1. Don’t Feed the Clowns You know the clowns I’m talking about: central bankers in their tailored suits and smug smirks, wielding "tools" like interest rates and quantitative easing. Their tools are as real as a magician's wand, conjuring trillions of dollars out of thin air to keep their Ponzi economy afloat. Rule #1: Don’t engage. If a clown offers you a hot take about the "strength of the dollar," smile, nod, and silently wonder how many cups of coffee their paycheck buys this month. Spoiler: fewer than last month. --- 2. Turn Off the Fiat News Do you really need another breathless headline about the next trillion-dollar deficit? Or the latest clickbait on why you should care about the stock market's emotional rollercoaster? Mainstream media exists to distract you, to keep you tethered to their illusion of importance. Turn it off. Replace it with something sound, like the Bitcoin whitepaper. Or Nietzsche. At least Nietzsche knew we were doomed. --- 3. Mock Their Inflationary Gospel Fiat apologists will tell you that inflation is "necessary" and that 2% a year is a "healthy target." Sure, because a little robbery every year keeps society functioning, right? Ask them this: "If 2% is healthy, why not 20%? Why not 200%? Why not Venezuela?" Fiat logic is like a bad acid trip: entertaining at first, but it quickly spirals into existential horror. --- 4. Celebrate the Fiat Freakshow Sometimes, the best way to resist the fiat clown show is to revel in its absurdity. Watch politicians print money like teenagers running up a credit card bill at Hot Topic, then watch the economists applaud it as "stimulus." It’s performance art, really. Andy Warhol could never. --- 5. Build in the Chaos While the fiat world burns, Bitcoiners build. This is the ultimate "not giving a fiat f**k" move: creating a parallel economy, one satoshi at a time. Run your Lightning node, stack sats, and laugh as the fiat circus consumes itself in a flaming pile of its own debt. Let them argue about who gets to rearrange the deck chairs on the Titanic. You’re busy designing lifeboats. --- 6. Adopt a Fiat-Free Lifestyle Fiat-free living means minimizing your entanglement with their clown currency. Buy meat, not ETFs. Trade skills, not IOUs. Tip your barber in Bitcoin and ask if your landlord accepts Lightning. If they say no, chuckle and say, “You’ll learn soon enough.” Every satoshi spent in the real economy is a slap in the face to the fiat overlords. --- 7. Find the Humor in Collapse Here’s the thing: the fiat system is unsustainable. You know it, I know it, even the clowns know it. The whole charade is destined to collapse under its own weight. When it does, find solace in the absurdity of it all. Imagine the central bankers explaining hyperinflation to the public: "Turns out we can't print infinity after all." Pure comedy gold. --- 8. Stay Ruthlessly Optimistic Despite the doom and gloom, there’s hope. Bitcoin is hope. It’s the lifeboat for humanity, the cheat code to escape the fiat matrix. Cynicism doesn’t mean nihilism; it means seeing the rot for what it is and choosing to build something better. So, don’t just reject the fiat clown show—replace it. Create a world where money is sound, transactions are sovereign, and wealth is measured in energy, not debt. --- Final Thought: Burn the Tent Down Aldous Huxley once envisioned a dystopia where people are so distracted by their own hedonistic consumption that they don’t realize they’re enslaved. Sound familiar? The fiat clown show is Brave New World on steroids, a spectacle designed to keep you pacified while your wealth evaporates. But here’s the punchline: they can only enslave you if you care. By rejecting their system, you strip them of their power. So let them juggle their debts, inflate their bubbles, and print their trillions. You’ve got Bitcoin, and Bitcoin doesn’t give a fiat f**k. Welcome to the satirical resistance. Now go stack some sats.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Oregano oil is a potent natural compound that offers numerous scientifically-supported health benefits. ## Active Compounds The oil's therapeutic properties stem from its key bioactive components: - Carvacrol and thymol (primary active compounds) - Polyphenols and other antioxidant ## Antimicrobial Properties **Bacterial Protection** The oil demonstrates powerful antibacterial effects, even against antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA and other harmful bacteria. Studies show it effectively inactivates various pathogenic bacteria without developing resistance. **Antifungal Effects** It effectively combats fungal infections, particularly Candida-related conditions like oral thrush, athlete's foot, and nail infections. ## Digestive Health Benefits Oregano oil supports digestive wellness by: - Promoting gastric juice secretion and enzyme production - Helping treat Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) - Managing digestive discomfort, bloating, and IBS symptoms ## Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects The oil provides significant protective benefits through: - Powerful antioxidant activity that fights free radicals - Reduction of inflammatory markers in the body - Protection against oxidative stress-related conditions ## Respiratory Support It aids respiratory health by: - Loosening mucus and phlegm - Suppressing coughs and throat irritation - Supporting overall respiratory tract function ## Additional Benefits **Skin Health** - Improves conditions like psoriasis, acne, and eczema - Supports wound healing through antibacterial action - Provides anti-aging benefits through antioxidant properties **Cardiovascular Health** Studies show oregano oil may help: - Reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol levels - Support overall heart health **Pain Management** The oil demonstrates effectiveness in: - Reducing inflammation-related pain - Managing muscle discomfort - Providing topical pain relief ## Safety Note While oregano oil is generally safe, it's highly concentrated and should be properly diluted before use Consult a healthcare provider before starting supplementation, especially if taking other medications.

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

~ > Available at: [https://minibolt.info](https://minibolt.info) --- ~> It builds on a personal computer with **x86/amd64** architecture processors. ~> It is based on the popular [RaspiBolt v3](https://raspibolt.org) guide. --- **Those are some of the most relevant changes:** * Changed OS from Raspberry Pi OS Lite (64-bits) to ***Ubuntu Server LTS*** (Long term support) 64-bit PC (AMD64). * Changed binaries and signatures of the programs to adapt them to ***x86/amd64 architecture***. * Deleted unnecessary tools and steps, and added others according to this case of use. * Some useful authentication logs and monitoring commands were added in the security section. * Added some interesting parameters in the settings of some services to activate and take advantage of new features. * Changed I2P, Fulcrum, and ThunderHub guides, to be part of the core guide. * Added exclusive optimization section of services for slow devices. --- ~ > Complete release notes of the MiniBolt v1: [https://github.com/twofaktor/minibolt/releases/tag/1.0](https://github.com/twofaktor/minibolt/releases/tag/1.0). ~ > Feel free to contribute to the [source code on GitHub](https://github.com/minibolt-guide/minibolt) by opening [issues](https://github.com/minibolt-guide/minibolt/issues), [pull requests](https://github.com/minibolt-guide/minibolt/pulls) or [discussions](https://github.com/orgs/minibolt-guide/discussions). --- Created by [⚡2 FakTor⚡](nostr:npub1k9luehc8hg3c0upckdzzvusv66x3zt0eyw7290kclrpsndepz92sfcpp63)

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

😱 Did you recently find this signature verification error when you tried to update your MiniBolt repositories with -> `sudo apt update`? 💥🚨👇  🔧 Don't worry, that's because Tor renewed its signing key since it expired last 07/15, just renew your keyring by following the next steps to solve this problem: ~ > [CLICK HERE](https://minibolt.minibolt.info/system/system/privacy#tor-signature-verification-error) < ~ --- Enjoy it MiniBolter!💙

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

**Link to the bonus guide** ~ > [HERE](https://minibolt.minibolt.info/bonus-guides/bitcoin/minibolt-on-testnet) <~ --- Some notes: ℹ️ For the moment, this guide will touch only the case of an **only testnet mode** situation, in the future, we will study adding the case of configuration to enable the parallel/simultaneous mode (mainnet+testnet in the same device) in an extra section in this guide. ℹ️ The services mentioned in this guide are those that have been tested using testnet configuration and these worked fine. Later, in the next versions of this guide, we will go to adding other processes to adapt other services to the testnet mode. --- Enjoy it MiniBolter! 💙