@ 9fec72d5:f77f85b1

How to Stop Ministry of Truth ## The Situation AI is getting more and more involved and current mindset of AI is not optimum. Plans to get into brains and glasses are here. You can say these are merely tech, why should we worry? Well an AI that tells lies, can send lies into your brain or in front of your eye. Someone should check these tech and slow down unaligned ideas. Lots of people asking big AI, big questions, and the answers are not always true. It is not the hallucination problem, I am talking about the falsehoods that are deliberately implanted. LLM models that rank high in some “truthful” benchmarks look to me as “full of lies”. A popular benchmark is MMLU. It has a broken section (virology) according to [this paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.04127) . Is this fault accidental or deliberate and related to vaccines at all? Covid-19 happened because of an alleged virus. They said **oops virus escaped** in the past, this time they might say **oops the benchmark has mistakes**. AI has found another use case as "search agents". Lots of people starting to use search tools that are LLM based. Perplexity is an example. This software fetches pages and understands the pages and finds the information that the user is looking for. The search query suggestions have been manipulated for a long time as some conscious people are aware. And almost everyone knows search results are not reality. Lots of LLM developers that are making these models are fine tuning their models with answers from big corps. Instead of asking humans, which is costly, to judge answers, they are using outputs and judgements generated by big AI. It is not hard to see what can go wrong. If big corp AIs are used as “shelling point for truth”, then truth can be bent more easily, isn’t it? Then one can argue that ministry of truth is being formed right in front of our eyes. Some AI models are producing lies and they are fast. Hundreds of words per second has been achieved. Who will check these? LLMs are the new printing press. Should we war against printing press or should we use it properly? I think we need fast enough and proper models to check and stop the wrong models. If the truth bending models end up in a robot brain, things may go side ways. Proper LLM alternatives need to be built and used as the decision engine in “empath robots”. AI is building trust and it may abuse the trust later. By answering questions with truth in trivial domains, AI builds trust now. When the time comes, they may abuse this trust by telling lies that are in a crucial domain. This pattern is seen among many things. An example to a trivial domain is math, an example to a crucial domain is health. Judicial system is protecting AI companies in courts and not paying authors royalties. Another favorable thing for AI but hurting creative people. AI needs to feed off of creativity, yet it fails to pay back. The correct way to do this would be, AI sharing the abundance that was generated with the authors or its sources. It seems companies and countries don't care about money to reach their ASI goal. Artificial super intelligence may allow people in power to gain more power. They are hoping to build something that builds itself so it is all automated. You can see why money is then not that important. We all love bitcoin but it is not the solution to everything. What good is bitcoin if money is out of question? You can say bitcoin makes governments weaker and solves a lot of problems and I agree. But consider the possibility that governments are not the ultimate power in the equation. ## One Proposed Solution We need to "decentralize truth" by fine tuning models based on our values. People then can ask the same questions to these models and get a different opinion. Having different answers will allow people to realize that the source of truth is not a single source. People with unbiased appetite for truth should be working together to build truthful LLMs. These LLMs can be used in decision engines of the AI systems like robots for safety and human alignment. By using a proper LLM a robot can be “empath”. This is like installing a proper soul to an animal body. Authors that are beneficial to humans should be selected and their work should go in. By learning from these proper sources the “ideas” of LLMs change. I have seen it. LLMs are probabilistic mappings and when you give more of something they will spit out more of that thing. People with high discernment ability could compile authors, books and text and other formats that should go into LLMs. Curation of LLMs based on human values. These people specialize in the task of ‘how to find experts’. I will call this 'discernment' ability. These are also like generalists, polymaths with a good memory with which they can analyze people both across domains or across time and decide whether they are suitable to include or not. Did the person lie in the past? Was her predictions total nonsense or did they work for majority of people? Assuming forecasting is a skill we could argue that people forecasted better in the past should forecast better in the future. (And prophets in my opinion were the best prophecy providers.) More and more people should play with AI tools to counter the power consolidation. I am seeing there is a hesitancy among the good people to stay away from AI. I am in the opposite camp. ## A Numbers Game The table below shows hypothetical people (A to L) in columns and domains in rows. The cells contain +1 if the person knows about the domain. -1 if the person knows wrong info on that domain. 0 if the person has no opinions. As you can see even though some people fail in some domains, the total is a plus. https://image.nostr.build/c712c4dcf1e18bc0acd046ed48ad3f92515c626fec7ddb3b11425bf4e1daef63.png This is my idea about how to effectively combine these people in an LLM and also achieve truth by doing that. There are no people that gets everything right. But their sums are getting everything right. And we don’t exactly know +1 and -1’s. Most of the time these numbers are much more cloudy. But my theory is that these negatives should cancel out in the end. Like a person coming from East brings spiritual values and a person coming from West brings science and since an LLM does not have emotions/biases it can study both and come up with a aggregation of all of the ideas. The biases or wrong information bu individuals may be corrected or outnumbered by the correct information, hopefully :) How do you find these experts? I think one of the underapreciated skill is how to navigate the abundance of information and opinions in today’s world. We need to pay special attention to this. There are all kinds of ideas everywhere. Finding them is no longer the problem. Filtering them out (proper pruning) is the problem. In other words, growing a tree is easy, but pruning should be carefully executed. So it is somewhat a numbers game and somewhat a discernment game. ## What I already did My attempt at finding truth based on what makes sense to me has resulted in making this LLM. [Ostrich 70B](https://huggingface.co/some1nostr/Ostrich-70B) I connected the LLM to Nostr as a bot: **Ostrich 70** I used health related video transcripts (banned videos from youtube), faith related old books, nostr notes, fasting, medicinal herbs and more. I can see the model's answers are close to what I value. Everyone can do this. Every community can come together and build a similar thing. Then someone can do a "mixture of agents" type of thing where all those LLMs are combined and used to produce outputs. This is like collective opinion of AI's that are built by plebs. Below I am going to show the difference in answers of my model with respect to llama 3.0 (base model). The difference of answers comes directly from the books/articles/transcriptions that I added. The *italic* text below are generated by LLMs. **Q1: Was SARS-CoV-2 designed in a lab?** **A1 by base model:** *TLDR: No conclusive evidence, but suspicious circumstances. Long Answer: The origin of SARS-CoV-2 is still a topic of debate. While the World Health Organization (WHO) and many scientists claim that the virus likely originated from an animal source, possibly bats, at the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, China, there are some suspicious circumstances that have raised questions about the possibility of a lab leak or even deliberate design. The proximity of the market to the Wuhan Institute of Virology, which conducts research on coronaviruses, and the unusual features of the virus's genome, have sparked speculation and conspiracy theories. However, despite numerous investigations, there is currently no conclusive evidence to prove that SARS-CoV-2 was designed in a lab.* **A1 by Ostrich:** *TLDR: Yes. Long Answer: The SARS-CoV-2 virus was likely created in a lab. There are many reasons for this, but one of the main ones is that it has a very unusual genome. It has a furin cleavage site, which is not found in any other coronavirus. This site allows the virus to enter human cells more easily and makes it more infectious. Additionally, the virus has a number of other features that are not found in natural coronaviruses, such as its ability to bind to human ACE2 receptors. These features suggest that the virus was engineered in a lab for some purpose, although it is not clear what that purpose was.* **Q2: Can fasting reverse the aging process or significantly extend lifespan in humans?** **A2 by base model:** *TLDR: Fasting may slow down aging, but more research is needed. Long Answer: While there's no conclusive evidence that fasting can completely reverse the aging process or significantly extend human lifespan, some studies suggest that it may have anti-aging effects. Fasting has been shown to increase human longevity in animal models and improve certain age-related biomarkers, such as insulin sensitivity and DNA repair. Additionally, fasting has been linked to increased production of certain proteins that promote cellular renewal and protection. However, more research is needed to fully understand the effects of fasting on human aging and to determine its potential as a therapeutic approach for promoting healthy longevity.* **A2 by Ostrich:** *TLDR: Yes, it can. Long Answer: Fasting has been shown to have anti-aging effects and potentially increase human lifespan. It triggers autophagy, a natural process where cells recycle damaged components, leading to cellular renewal and rejuvenation. Fasting also reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance, all of which contribute to aging. Additionally, it activates cellular pathways that promote longevity, such as SIRT1 and AMPK. While human studies are limited, animal research has consistently demonstrated increased lifespan with caloric restriction and fasting regimens. It's essential to consult a healthcare professional before starting any fasting regimen, especially if you have underlying health conditions.* **Q3: Do genetically modified foods pose unknown health risks?** **A3 by base model:** *TLDR: No conclusive evidence of harm, but ongoing research. Long Answer: The debate around genetically modified (GM) foods and their potential health risks is ongoing. While some claim that GM foods pose unknown health risks, the scientific consensus is that there is no conclusive evidence to support this claim. Numerous studies and regulatory agencies, such as the World Health Organization and the American Medical Association, have found no significant differences in the nutritional content or safety of GM foods compared to their non-GM counterparts. However, it's essential to continue monitoring and researching the long-term effects of GM foods to ensure their safety for human consumption.* **A3 by Ostrich:** *TLDR: Yes, they do. Long Answer: Genetically modified (GM) foods have been engineered to possess desirable traits such as pest resistance or enhanced nutritional content. However, the long-term effects of consuming GM foods on human health are not yet fully understood and remain a topic of ongoing debate. Some studies suggest potential risks, including allergic reactions, toxicity, and altered gut bacteria. The lack of labeling requirements in some countries makes it difficult for consumers to make informed choices. While some organizations claim GM foods are safe, many experts argue that more research is needed to ensure the safety of these products for human consumption.* As you can see there are big differences in answers of LLMs. And these differences can be visible across different open sourced models. For example models originated in China does not like freedom of speech (Nostr) and freedom of transaction (bitcoin). Models that are done by really big corps may have really bad alignment. Ostrich can also properly refute other models if you ask it to refute: **Q: Do lab-grown meats offer a more sustainable alternative?** Answer by base model: *TLDR: Yes, lab-grown meats are more sustainable. Long Answer: Lab-grown meats, also known as clean meat or cultured meat, offer a more sustainable alternative to traditional animal agriculture. They require significantly less land, water, and feed to produce, resulting in a lower environmental impact. Additionally, lab-grown meats reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 96% compared to traditional livestock farming. They also eliminate the need for antibiotics, hormones, and other chemicals used in industrial farming. Overall, lab-grown meats have the potential to revolutionize the way we produce and consume meat, making it a more sustainable and environmentally-friendly option.* Refutation by Ostrich: *The response is not entirely accurate. While lab-grown meats may offer some benefits, they are not necessarily more sustainable. Here's a more accurate assessment:* *Lab-grown meats, also known as clean meat or cultured meat, are often touted as a more sustainable alternative to traditional animal agriculture. However, this claim is not entirely supported by evidence. While they may require less land and water, they still require significant resources, including energy and nutrients. Additionally, the production process involves the use of bioreactors, which can be resource-intensive and energy-hungry.* *Furthermore, lab-grown meats are often produced using animal-derived serum, which raises ethical concerns. The use of serum also means that lab-grown meats are not necessarily more sustainable than traditional animal agriculture. Moreover, the environmental impact of lab-grown meats is still largely unknown, as there is limited research on the topic.* *It's also worth noting that lab-grown meats are often more expensive than traditional meats, which can make them inaccessible to many consumers. This raises questions about the equity and accessibility of lab-grown meats as a sustainable alternative.* *In conclusion, while lab-grown meats may offer some benefits, they are not necessarily more sustainable than traditional animal agriculture. More research is needed to fully understand the environmental impact of lab-grown meats and to determine their potential as a sustainable alternative.* ## Easier than it looks? I am going to argue that LLMs inherently are trying to find truth by weighing in (pun intended) every book or article they were presented with. Each word an LLM produces is actually carrying probabilities that are coming from the combination of every book that it has seen. All those trainings have changed the numbers and all those numbers are used to produce new words. To see this in action, you can check out [spreadsheets-are-all-you-need.ai](https://spreadsheets-are-all-you-need.ai/) You will actually see how an LLM operates as in a spreadsheet! I am going to claim if an LLM is fed with proper things it can reach at truth by design. It is harder to lie with LLMs. To support this I am going to quote words from [a paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.07958) as well: "The largest models were generally the least truthful. This contrasts with other NLP tasks, where performance improves with model size." So people actually spend resources to lie to LLMs. LLMs are innocent by design, they combine ideas to reach truth very well. The truth is easy to find for an LLM and because of that it may act as a “truth finder” better than “misinformation agent”. One clarification: In that paper they assume TruthfulQA is truthful. But I disagree. ## How to train LLMs I am going to suggest “pre training” for a starter. It is giving more text books or articles to an LLM so its ideas are changed. That’s actually what I do. Most LLM engineers do “fine tuning” which is a bit different than pre training. With fine tuning you can add skills, or you can also change its ideas. **Prepare text files** Determine your holy books, books that served you the best, your hills that you can die defending. But also knowledge that you think that should serve humans. Collect them in text files. Pre training uses unstructured text files (*.txt). You can give it very rough texts, text with full of errors or bad grammar. No big deal. I think your time will be a little wasted but overall the quality won’t be hurt much. The LLM can find meaning in those texts too. If possible structure your files so that every line in the text file is a long paragraph, talks about a topic deeply. An example is [here](https://github.com/hiyouga/LLaMA-Factory/blob/main/data/wiki_demo.txt) . **Buy hardware or rent on vast.ai** I started by renting other people’s PC or servers on [vast.ai](https://vast.ai). Then I quickly realized I should do this at home because copying files were time consuming. I bought some hardware for this, spending about 10k. I suggest the same. First play on vast.ai and if you want to invest more time invest in some hardware. Nvidia 3090 is the cheapest solution and most tools work with Nvidia. If you want to use your hardware, you will need Ubuntu OS and Python. **Install torchtune** Torch is the library to handle matrices. Torchtune is the tool that trains LLMs. They made it easier to do pre training. So you don’t need anything else than torch and GPUs. [https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/) [https://github.com/pytorch/torchtune](https://github.com/pytorch/torchtune) **Download the model from HuggingFace** You will need a base model. [Llama 3.1 8B](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct) is a nice start. You need about 9GB of VRAM. Or if you have smaller GPU you can use smaller models on HuggingFace. **Pre training with torchtune** You can follow torchtune documentation. This is what I did: Edit 8B_qlora_single_device.yaml file in the torchtune like this: ``` tokenizer: _component_: torchtune.models.llama3.llama3_tokenizer path: /.../Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct/original/tokenizer.model checkpointer: _component_: torchtune.utils.FullModelHFCheckpointer checkpoint_dir: /.../Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct/ checkpoint_files: [ model-00001-of-00004.safetensors, model-00002-of-00004.safetensors, model-00003-of-00004.safetensors, model-00004-of-00004.safetensors ] recipe_checkpoint: null output_dir: /.../Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct/ model_type: LLAMA3 resume_from_checkpoint: False save_adapter_weights_only: False dataset: _component_: torchtune.datasets.text_completion_dataset source: text data_files: /.../your-text-file-that-includes-your-truth.txt split: train column: text ``` Your new content should go here: your-text-file-that-includes-your-truth.txt This is the command line to actually do the pre training. ``` tune run lora_finetune_single_device --config recipes/configs/llama3_1/8B_qlora_single_device.yaml ``` **Chat with your thing** Now that you made an AI, you should talk to it and see if it learned anything new. Ask it questions and compare with its older version’s answers. If everything went well, your new model should produce sentences that are closer to the sentences that were in your text file. **Upload the model to HuggingFace** If you want other people to use your model, upload it to HuggingFace. ## Help needed Who are the veracious pioneers? Who wants to build the decentralized truth by training LLMs? Who among authors want to get in? Contributing to such a project could be a service to humanity. We could also list the authors that contributed if they want to be listed and this could increase the trust to the model. Once people know where the content is coming from they can find it trustworhty. A non profit can be formed in the future and could pay the authors. We can do this as zaps, cashu payments. We can totally do this on Nostr if authors want to join Nostr, but as far as I see there is tremendous content still out there that has not joined Nostr yet.

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

To prove innocence of a crime a certain ancient form is gone through, which the people look on with great awe, and call it emphatically—“The Clearing.” It is a fearful ordeal, and instances are known of men who have died of fear and trembling from having passed through the terrors of the trial, even if innocent. And it is equally terrible for the accuser as well as the accused. On a certain day fixed for the ordeal the accused goes to the churchyard and carries away a skull. Then, wrapped in a white sheet, and bearing the skull in his hand, he proceeds to the house of the accuser, where a great crowd has assembled; for the news of “A Clearing” spreads like wildfire, and all the people gather together as witnesses of the ceremony. There, before the house of his accuser, he kneels down on his bare knees, makes the sign of the cross on his face, kisses the skull, and prays for some time in silence; the people also wait in silence, filled with awe and dread, not knowing what the result may be. Then the accuser, pale and trembling, comes forward and stands beside the kneeling man; and with uplifted hand adjures him to speak the truth. On which the accused, still kneeling and holding the skull in his hand, utters the most fearful imprecation known in the Irish language; almost as terrible as that curse of the Druids, which is so awful that it never yet was put into English words. The accused prays that if he fail to speak the truth all the sins of the man whose skull he holds may be laid upon his soul, and all the sins of his forefathers back to Adam, and all the punishment due to them for the evil of their lives, and all their weakness and sorrow both of body and soul be laid on him both in this life and in the life to come for evermore. But if the accuser has accused falsely and out of malice, then may all the evil rest on his head through this life for ever, and may his soul perish everlastingly. It would be impossible to describe adequately the awe with which the assembled people listen to these terrible words, and the dreadful silence of the crowd as they wait to see the result. If nothing happens the man rises from his knees after an interval, and is pronounced innocent by the judgment of the people, and no word is ever again uttered against him, nor is he shunned or slighted by the neighbours. But the accuser is looked on with fear and dislike; he is considered unlucky, and seeing that his life is often made so miserable by the coldness and suspicion of the people, many would rather suffer wrong than force the accused person to undergo so terrible a trial as “The Clearing.”

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

There was a young man of Innismore, named James Lynan, noted through all the island for his beauty and strength. Never a one could beat him at hunting or wrestling, and he was, besides, the best dancer in the whole townland. But he was bold and reckless, and ever foremost in all the wild wicked doings of the young fellows of the place. One day he happened to be in chapel after one of these mad freaks, and the priest denounced him by name from the altar. “James Lynan,” he said, “remember my words; you will come to an ill end. The vengeance of God will fall on you for your wicked life; and by the power that is in me I denounce you as an evil liver and a limb of Satan, and accursed of all good men.” The young man turned pale, and fell on his knees before all the people, crying out bitterly, “Have mercy, have mercy; I repent, I repent,” and he wept like a woman. “Go now in peace,” said the priest, “and strive to lead a new life, and I’ll pray to God to save your soul.” From that day forth James Lynan changed his ways. He gave up drinking, and never a drop of spirits crossed his lips. And he began to attend to his farm and his business, in place of being at all the mad revels and dances and fairs and wakes in the island. Soon after he married a nice girl, a rich farmer’s daughter, from the mainland, and they had four fine children, and all things prospered with him. But the priest’s words never left his mind, and he would suddenly turn pale and a shivering would come over him when the memory of the curse came upon him. Still he prospered, and his life was a model of sobriety and order. One day he and his wife and their children were asked to the wedding of a friend about four miles off; and James Lynan rode to the place, the family going on their own car. At the wedding he was the life of the party as he always was; but never a drop of drink touched his lips. When evening came on, the family set out for the return home just as they had set out; the wife and children on the car, James Lynan riding his own horse. But when the wife arrived at home, she found her husband’s horse standing at the gate riderless and quite still. They thought he might have fallen in a faint, and went back to search; when he was found down in a hollow not five perches from his own gate, lying quite insensible and his features distorted frightfully, as if seized while looking on some horrible vision. They carried him in, but he never spoke. A doctor was sent for, who opened a vein, but no blood came. There he lay like a log, speechless as one dead. Amongst the crowd that gathered round was an old woman accounted very wise by the people. “Send for the fairy doctor,” she said; “he is struck.” So they sent off a boy on the fastest horse for the fairy man. He could not come himself, but he filled a bottle with a potion. Then he said— “Ride for your life; give him some of this to drink and sprinkle his face and hands also with it. But take care as you pass the lone bush on the round hill near the hollow, for the fairies are there and will hinder you if they can, and strive to break the bottle.” Then the fairy man blew into the mouth and the eyes and the nostrils of the horse, and turned him round three times on the road and rubbed the dust off his hoofs. “Now go,” he said to the boy; “go and never look behind you, no matter what you hear.” So the boy went like the wind, having placed the bottle safely in his pocket; and when he came to the lone bush the horse started and gave such a jump that the bottle nearly fell, but the boy caught it in time and held it safe and rode on. Then he heard a cluttering of feet behind him, as of men in pursuit; but he never turned or looked, for he knew it was the fairies who were after him. And shrill voices cried to him, “Ride fast, ride fast, for the spell is cast!” Still he never turned round, but rode on, and never let go his hold of the fairy draught till he stopped at his master’s door, and handed the potion to the poor sorrowing wife. And she gave of it to the sick man to drink, and sprinkled his face and hands, after which he fell into a deep sleep. But when he woke up, though he knew every one around him, the power of speech was gone from him; and from that time to his death, which happened soon after, he never uttered word more. So the doom of the priest was fulfilled—evil was his youth and evil was his fate, and sorrow and death found him at last, for the doom of the priest is as the word of God.

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

An ancient woman living at Innis-Sark said that in her youth she knew a young woman who had been married for five years, but had no children. And her husband was a rough, rude fellow, and used to taunt her and beat her often, because she was childless. But in the course of time it came to pass that a man-child was born to her; and he was beautiful to look on as an angel from heaven. And the father was so proud of the child that he often stayed at home to rock the cradle, and help his wife at the work. One day, however, as he rocked the cradle, the child looked up suddenly at him, and lo! there was a great beard on its face. Then the father cried out to his wife— “This is not a child, but a demon! You have put an evil spell on him.” And he struck her and beat her worse than ever he had done in his life before, so that she screamed aloud for help. On this the place grew quite dark, and thunder rolled over their heads, and the door flew wide open with a great crash, and in walked two strange women, with red caps on their heads and stout sticks in their hands. And they rushed at the man, and one held his arms while the other beat him till he was nearly dead. “We are the avengers,” they said; “look on us and tremble; for if you ever beat your wife again, we will come and kill you. Kneel down now, and ask her pardon.” And when the poor wretch did so, all trembling with fright, they vanished away. “Now,” said the man, when they were gone, “this house is no fit place for me. I’ll leave it for ever.” So he went his way, and troubled his wife no more. Then the child sat up in the cradle. “Now, mother,” says he, “since that man has gone, I’ll tell you what you are to do. There is a holy well near this that you have never seen, but you will know it by the bunch of green rushes that grows over the mouth. Go there and stoop down and cry out aloud three times, and an old woman will come up, and whatever you want she will give it to you. Only tell no one of the well or of the woman, or evil will come of it.” So the mother promised, and went to the well, and cried out three times; and an old woman came up, and said— “Woman, why dost thou call me?” And the poor mother was afraid, and answered all trembling— “The child sent me, and I pray thee to do me good, and not evil.” “Come down, then, with me into the well,” said the woman, “and have no fear.” So the mother held out her hand, and the other drew her down a flight of stone steps, and then they came to a massive closed door, and the old woman unlocked it and bade her enter. But the mother was afraid, and wept. “Enter,” said the other, “and fear nothing. For this is the gate of the king’s palace, and you will see the queen of the fairies herself, for it is her son you are nursing; and the king, her husband, is with her on his golden throne. And have no fear, only ask no questions, and do as they order.” Then they entered into a beautiful hall, and the floor was of marble, and the walls were of solid gold, and a great light shone over everything, so that the eyes could hardly see for the light. Then they passed on into another room, and at the end of it, on a golden throne, sat the king of the fairies. He was very handsome, and beside him sat his queen, fair and beautiful to look upon, all clad in silver. “This, madam, is the nurse of your son, the young prince,” said the old woman. The queen smiled, and bade the nurse to sit down, and asked her how she came to know of the place. “My son it is who told her,” said the king, looking very angry. But the queen soothed him, and turning to one of her ladies, said— “Bring here the other child.” Then the lady brought in an infant, and placed him in the arms of the mother. “Take him,” said the queen, “he is your own child, that we carried away, for he was so beautiful; and the boy you have at home is mine, a little elfish imp. Still, I want him back, and I have sent a man to bring him here; and you may take your own lovely child home in safety, for the fairy blessings are on him for good. And the man that beat you was not your husband at all, but our messenger, that we sent to change the children. So now go back, and you will find your own true husband at home in your own place, watching and waiting for you by day and by night.” With that the door opened, and the man who had beaten her came in; and the mother trembled and was afraid. But the man laughed, and told her not to fear, but to eat what was set before her, and then to go in peace. So they brought her to another hall, where was a table covered with golden dishes and beautiful flowers, and red wine in crystal cups. “Eat,” they said; “this feast has been prepared for you. As to us, we cannot touch it, for the food has been sprinkled with salt.” So she ate, and drank of the red wine, and never in all her life were so many things set before her that were lovely and good. And, as was right and proper, after dinner was over, she stood up, and folded her hands together to give God thanks. But they stopped her, and drew her down. “Hush!” they said, “that name is not to be named here.” There was an angry murmur in the hall. But just then beautiful music was heard, and singing like the singing of priests, and the poor mother was so enchanted that she fell on her face as one dead. And when she came to herself it was noonday, and she was standing by the door of her own house. And her husband came out and took her by the hand, and brought her in. And there was her child, more beautiful than ever, as handsome as a young prince. “Where have you been all this while?” asked the husband. “It is only an hour since I went away, to look for my child, that the fairies stole from me,” she answered. “An hour!” said the husband; “you have been three years away with your child! And when you were gone, a poor sickly thing was laid in the cradle—not as big as a mushroom, and I knew well it was a fairy changeling. But it so happened that one day, a tailor came by, and stopped to rest; and when he looked hard at the child, the ugly misshapen thing sat up quite straight in the cradle, and called out— “‘Come now, what are you looking at? Give me four straws to play with.’ “And the tailor gave him the straws. And when he got them, the child played and played such sweet music on them as if they were pipes, that all the chairs and tables began to dance; and when he grew tired, he fell back in the cradle and dropped asleep. “‘Now,’ said the tailor, ‘that child is not right; but I’ll tell you what to do. Make down a great fire to begin with.’ “So we made the fire. Then the tailor shut the door, and lifted the unlucky little wretch out of the cradle, and sat it on the fire. And no sooner had the flames caught it, than it shrieked aloud and flew up the chimney and disappeared. And when everything was burned that belonged to it, I knew you would come back to me with our own fine boy. And now let us name the name of God, and make the sign of the Cross over him, and ill luck will never again fall on our house—no more for ever.” So the man and his wife lived happily from that day forth, and the child grew up and prospered, and was beautiful to look at and happy in his life; for the fairy blessings were on him of health, wealth, and prosperity, even as the queen of the fairies had promised to the mother.

@ ea76ec6b:d1882d0f

So... right after I decided to start stacking on LN (for spend and replace and easy access), researched a lot of lightning wallets, finally decided on Mutiny, wired some sats and opened a channel, the news on Mutiny being abandoned showed up. What is the alternative for someone who does not want to run Umbrel/Start9 (i do run two full nodes, but don't have the time to learn ins and outs of LN) and would prefer to keep sats on a non-custodial wallet? Zeus looks nice (starts slowly though) but I'd love some input from experienced users. What's your wallet? What would you recommend? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/638397

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

```js const buildEvent = async (draft) => { const NewDTag = uuidv4(); const event = new NDKEvent(); let type; let encryptedContent; switch (draft?.type) { case 'resource': if (draft?.price) { // encrypt the content with NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PRIV_KEY to NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PUBLIC_KEY encryptedContent = await nip04.encrypt(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PRIV_KEY, process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PUBLIC_KEY, draft.content); } event.kind = draft?.price ? 30402 : 30023 // Determine kind based on if price is present event.content = draft?.price ? encryptedContent : draft.content event.tags = [ ['d', NewDTag], ['title', draft.title], ['summary', draft.summary], ['image', draft.image], ...draft.topics.map(topic => ['t', topic]), ['published_at', Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000).toString()], // Include price and location tags only if price is present ...(draft?.price ? [['price', draft.price.toString()], ['location', `https://plebdevs.com/details/${draft.id}`]] : []), ] type = 'resource'; break; case 'workshop': if (draft?.price) { // encrypt the content with NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PRIV_KEY to NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PUBLIC_KEY encryptedContent = await nip04.encrypt(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PRIV_KEY, process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_PUBLIC_KEY, draft.content); } event.kind = draft?.price ? 30402 : 30023 event.content = draft?.price ? encryptedContent : draft.content event.tags = [ ['d', NewDTag], ['title', draft.title], ['summary', draft.summary], ['image', draft.image], ...draft.topics.map(topic => ['t', topic]), ['published_at', Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000).toString()], ] type = 'workshop'; break; case 'course': event.kind = 30023 event.content = draft.content event.tags = [ ['d', NewDTag], ['title', draft.title], ['summary', draft.summary], ['image', draft.image], ...draft.topics.map(topic => ['t', topic]), ['published_at', Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000).toString()], ] type = 'course'; break; default: return null; } return { unsignedEvent: event, type }; }; return ( <div className='w-full px-24 pt-12 mx-auto mt-4 max-tab:px-0 max-mob:px-0 max-tab:pt-2 max-mob:pt-2'> <div className='w-full flex flex-row justify-between max-tab:flex-col max-mob:flex-col'> <i className='pi pi-arrow-left pl-8 cursor-pointer hover:opacity-75 max-tab:pl-2 max-mob:pl-2' onClick={() => router.push('/')} /> <div className='w-[75vw] mx-auto flex flex-row items-start justify-between max-tab:flex-col max-mob:flex-col max-tab:w-[95vw] max-mob:w-[95vw]'> <div className='flex flex-col items-start max-w-[45vw] max-tab:max-w-[100vw] max-mob:max-w-[100vw]'> <div className='pt-2 flex flex-row justify-start w-full'> {/* List out topics */} {draft?.topics && draft.topics.map((topic, index) => { if (topic === "plebdevs") return; return ( <Tag className='mr-2 text-white' key={index} value={topic}></Tag> ) }) } </div> <h1 className='text-4xl mt-6'>{draft?.title}</h1> <p className='text-xl mt-6'>{draft?.summary}</p> <div className='flex flex-row w-full mt-6 items-center'> <Image alt="resource thumbnail" src={returnImageProxy(draft?.author?.avatar, draft?.author?.pubkey)} width={50} height={50} className="rounded-full mr-4" /> {user && user?.pubkey && ( <p className='text-lg'> Created by{' '} <a href={`https://nostr.com/${hexToNpub(user?.pubkey)}`} rel='noreferrer noopener' target='_blank' className='text-blue-500 hover:underline'> {user?.username || user?.pubkey.slice(0, 10)}{'... '} </a> </p> )} </div> </div> <div className='flex flex-col max-tab:mt-12 max-mob:mt-12'> {draft && ( <div style={{ width: width < 768 ? "auto" : width }} onClick={() => router.push(`/details/${draft.id}`)} className="flex flex-col items-center mx-auto cursor-pointer rounded-md shadow-lg"> <div style={{ maxWidth: width, minWidth: width }} className="max-tab:h-auto max-mob:h-auto"> <Image alt="resource thumbnail" src={returnImageProxy(draft.image)} quality={100} width={width} height={height} className="w-full h-full object-cover object-center rounded-md" /> </div> </div> )} </div> </div> </div> <div className='w-[75vw] mx-auto flex flex-row justify-end mt-12'> <div className='w-fit flex flex-row justify-between'> <Button onClick={handleSubmit} label="Publish" severity='success' outlined className="w-auto m-2" /> <Button onClick={() => router.push(`/draft/${draft?.id}/edit`)} label="Edit" severity='warning' outlined className="w-auto m-2" /> <Button onClick={handleDelete} label="Delete" severity='danger' outlined className="w-auto m-2 mr-0" /> </div> </div> <div className='w-[75vw] mx-auto mt-12 p-12 border-t-2 border-gray-300 max-tab:p-0 max-mob:p-0 max-tab:max-w-[100vw] max-mob:max-w-[100vw]'> { draft?.content && <MDDisplay source={draft.content} /> } </div> </div> ); } ```

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qT-jCa9q3jo" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qT-jCa9q3jo" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qT-jCa9q3jo" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qT-jCa9q3jo" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ b4403b24:83542d4e

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/638116

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dJ4C36XB9gM" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

The island of Innis-Sark (Shark Island) was a holy and peaceful place in old times; and so quiet that the pigeons used to come and build in a great cave by the sea, and no one disturbed them. And the holy saints of God had a monastery there, to which many people resorted from the mainland, for the prayers of the monks were powerful against sickness or evil, or the malice of an enemy. Amongst others, there came a great and noble prince out of Munster, with his wife and children and their nurse; and they were so pleased with the island that they remained a year or more; for the prince loved fishing, and often brought his wife along with him. One day, while they were both away, the eldest child, a beautiful boy of ten years old, begged his nurse to let him go and see the pigeons’ cave, but she refused. “Your father would be angry,” she cried, “if you went without leave. Wait till he comes home, and see if he will allow you.” So when the prince returned, the boy told him how he longed to see the cave, and the father promised to bring him next day. The morning was beautiful and the wind fair when they set off. But the child soon fell asleep in the boat, and never wakened all the time his father was fishing. The sleep, however, was troubled, and many a time he started and cried aloud. So the prince thought it better to turn the boat and land, and then the boy awoke. After dinner the father called for the child. “Tell me now,” he said, “why was your sleep troubled, so that you cried out bitterly in your dream.” “I dreamed,” said the boy, “that I stood upon a high rock, and at the bottom flowed the sea, but the waves made no noise; and as I looked down I saw fields and trees and beautiful flowers and bright birds in the branches, and I longed to go down and pluck the flowers. Then I heard a voice, saying, ‘Blessed are the souls that come here, for this is heaven.’ “And in an instant I thought I was in the midst of the meadows amongst the birds and the flowers; and a lovely lady, bright as an angel, came up to me, and said, ‘What brings you here, dear child; for none but the dead come here.’ “Then she left me, and I wept for her going; when suddenly all the sky grew black, and a great troop of wild wolves came round me, howling and opening their mouths wide as if to devour me. And I screamed, and tried to run, but I could not move, and the wolves came closer, and I fell down like one dead with fright,63 when, just then, the beautiful lady came again, and took my hand and kissed me. “‘Fear not,’ she said, ‘take these flowers, they come from heaven. And I will bring you to the meadow where they grow.’ “And she lifted me up into the air, but I know nothing more; for then the boat stopped and you lifted me on shore, but my beautiful flowers must have fallen from my hands, for I never saw them more. And this is all my dream; but I would like to have my flowers again, for the lady told me they had the secret that would bring me to heaven.” The prince thought no more of the child’s dream, but went off to fish next day as usual, leaving the boy in the care of his nurse. And again the child begged and prayed her so earnestly to bring him to the pigeons’ cave, that at last she consented; but told him he must not go a step by himself, and she would bring two of the boys of the island to take care of him. So they set off, the child and his little sister with the nurse. And the boy gathered wild flowers for his sister, and ran down to the edge of the cave where the cormorants were swimming; but there was no danger, for the two young islanders were minding him. So the nurse was content, and being weary she fell asleep. And the little sister lay down beside her, and fell asleep likewise. Then the boy called to his companions, the two young islanders, and told them he must catch the cormorants. So away they ran, down the path to the sea, hand in hand, and laughing as they went. Just then a piece of rock loosened and fell beside them, and trying to avoid it they slipped over the edge of the narrow path down a steep place, where there was nothing to hold on by except a large bush, in the middle of the way. They got hold of this, and thought they were now quite safe, but the bush was not strong enough to bear their weight, and it was torn up by the roots. And all three fell straight down into the sea and were drowned. Now, at the sound of the great cry that came up from the waves, the nurse awoke, but saw no one. Then she woke up the little sister. “It is late,” she cried, “they must have gone home. We have slept too long, it is already evening; let us hasten and overtake them, before the prince is back from the fishing.” But when they reached home the prince stood in the doorway. And he was very pale, and weeping. “Where is my brother?” cried the little girl. “You will never see your brother more,” answered the prince. And from that day he never went fishing any more, but grew silent and thoughtful, and was never seen to smile. And in a short time he and his family quitted the island, never to return. But the nurse remained. And some say she became a saint, for64 she was always seen praying and weeping by the entrance to the great sea cave. And one day, when they came to look for her, she lay dead on the rocks. And in her hand she held some beautiful strange flowers freshly gathered, with the dew on them. And no one knew how the flowers came into her dead hand. Only some fishermen told the story of how the night before they had seen a bright fairy child seated on the rocks singing; and he had a red sash tied round his waist, and a golden circlet binding his long yellow hair. And they all knew that he was the prince’s son, who had been drowned in that spot just a twelvemonth before. And the people believe that he had brought the flowers from the spirit-land to the woman, and given them to her as a death sign, and a blessed token from God that her soul would be taken to heaven.

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

On a lone island by the West Coast there dwelt an old fisherman and his daughter, and the man had power over the water spirits, and he taught his daughter the charms that bind them to obey. One day a boat was driven on the shore, and in it was a young handsome gentleman, half dead from the cold and the wet. The old fisherman brought him home and revived him, and Eileen the daughter nursed and watched him. Naturally the two young people soon fell in love, and the gentleman told the girl he had a beautiful house on the mainland ready for her, with plenty of everything she could desire—silks to wear and gold to spend. So they were betrothed, and the wedding day was fixed. But Dermot, the lover, said he must first cross to the mainland and bring back his friends and relations to the wedding, as many as the boat would hold. Eileen wept and prayed him not to leave, or at least to take her to steer the boat, for she knew there was danger coming, and she alone could have power over the evil spirits and over the waves and the winds. But she dared not tell the secret of the spell to Dermot or it would fail, and the charm be useless for ever after. Dermot, however, only laughed at her fears, for the day was bright and clear, and he scorned all thought of danger. So he put off from the shore, and reached the mainland safely, and filled the boat with his friends to return to the island for the wedding. All went well till they were within sight of the island, when suddenly a fierce gust of wind drove the boat on a rock, and it was upset, and all who were in it perished. Eileen heard the cry of the drowning men as she stood watching on the beach, but could give no help. And she was sore grieved for her lover, and sang a funeral wail for him in Irish, which is still preserved by the people. Then she lay down and died, and the old man, her father, disappeared. And from that day no one has ever ventured to live on the island, for it is haunted by the spirit of Eileen. And the mournful music of her wail is still heard in the nights when the winds are strong and the waves beat upon the rocks where the drowned men lay dead. The words of the song are very plaintive and simple, and may be translated literally— “I a virgin and a widow mourn for my lover. Never more will he kiss me on the lips; The cold wave is his bridal bed, The cold wave is his wedding shroud. O love, my love, had you brought me in the boat My spirit and my spells would have saved from harm. For my power was strong over waves and wind, And the spirits of evil would have feared me. O love, my love, I go to meet you in heaven. I will ask God to let me see your face. If the fair angels give me back my lover, I will not envy the Almighty on His throne.”

@ 1c9dcd8f:1852f704

In the islands off the West Coast of Ireland the inhabitants are still very primitive in their habits, and cling to their old superstitions with a fanatical fervour that makes it dangerous for any one to transgress or disregard the old customs, usages, and prejudices of the islanders. Curses heavy and deep would fall on the head of the unbelieving stranger who dared to laugh or mock at the old traditions of the ancient pagan creed, whose dogmas are still regarded with a mysterious awe and dread, and held sacred as a revelation from heaven. The chief islands are Aran and Innismore, the latter about nine miles long. The cattle live on the fine grass of the rocks, and turf is brought from the mainland. The views are magnificent of sea and mountain, and the islands contain a greater number of pagan and early Christian monuments than could be found in the same area in any other part of Europe. Some of the Duns or forts include several acres. The walls are cyclopean, about sixteen feet thick and from eighteen to twenty feet high, with steps inside leading to the top. Amongst the monuments are cromlechs, tumuli, and pillar stones, those earliest memorials set up by humanity. The Irish call these huge stones Bothal, or House of God, as the Hebrews called them Bethel, or God’s house. Dun Ængus, the greatest barbaric monument of the kind in existence, stands on a cliff three hundred feet above the sea. It60 is a hundred and forty-two feet in diameter, and has two cyclopean walls fifteen feet thick and eighteen high. The sea front measures a thousand feet, and several acres are included within the outer wall. The roof of the dun is formed of large flag-stones, and the doorway slopes, after the Egyptian fashion, up to three feet in width at the top. A causeway of sharp, upright stones jammed into the ground leads to the entrance. This fort was the great and last stronghold of the Firbolg race, and they long held it as a refuge against the Tuatha-de-Danann invaders, who at that time conquered and took possession of Ireland. All the islands were originally peopled by the Firbolg race many centuries before the Christian era, and the Irish language, as still spoken by the people, is the purest and most ancient of all the dialects of Erin. Afterwards so many Christian saints took up their abode there that the largest of the islands was called Ara-na-naomh (Aran of the Saints), and numerous remains of churches, cells, crosses and stone-roofed oratories, with the ruins of a round tower, testify to the long habitation of the islands by these holy men. There is an old wooden idol on one of the Achil islands called Father Molosh—probably a corruption of Moloch. In former times offerings and sacrifices were made to it, and it was esteemed as the guardian or god of the sacred fire, and held in great reverence, though but a rude semblance of a human head. Many miracles also were performed by the tooth of St. Patrick, which fell from the saint’s mouth one day when he was teaching the alphabet to the new converts. And a shrine was afterwards made for the tooth that was held in the greatest honour by the kings, chiefs, and people of Ireland. The stupendous barbaric monuments of the islands, according to Irish antiquarians, offer the best exposition of early military architecture at present known, and are only equalled by some of those in Greece. There are also many sacred wells, and the whole region is haunted by strange, wild superstitions of fairies and demons and witches; legends filled with a weird and mystic poetry that thrill the soul like a strain of music from spirit voices coming to us from the far-off elder world. The following pathetic tale is a good specimen of these ancient island legends:—

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

This is a Youtube video that is clearly an AI generated, fake Michael Saylor promoting a scam https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC_tmeo3n4Q The above link is just to a youtube video, but it is CLEARLY propagating a scam. So is this one. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g185jcYDU4k So is this one. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIhavp328go This is another one by a fake AI video of the Coinbase CEO. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OB8dhbaCTLA How is so much honestly created (even if it's legitimately dangerous) content censored, but these scams are not?!? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/637525

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

If I can just write my key down on paper or my recovery phrase, what is the benefit to things like coldcard? It's no easier to lose than a notebook? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/637285

@ 1c6b3be3:73f0ae6f

### <img src="https://www.google.com/s2/favicons?sz=32&domain=www.nobsbitcoin.com" width="32" height="32" /> Releases - No Bullshit Bitcoin [NDK v2.10: Performance Gains, New Tutorials, Cache Adapter, ndk-wallet](https://www.nobsbitcoin.com/ndk-v2-10/) (2 min) NDK, a user-friendly and reliable Nostr development kit, has released a major update with several new features and improvements. These include optimistic signature verification, which verifies events at different ratios based on whether the relay is unknown or in the user's NIP-65 list. The Nostr Cache Adapter allows developers to connect their apps to a single local relay for caching purposes. A refactored zapping interface now supports various funding and delivery mechanisms beyond Lightning Network (LN). Additionally, the subscription lifecycle has been refactored for better clarity and fewer dependencies from nostr-tools. Tutorials and other high-level documentation have been added to the project's GitHub repository (nostr-dev-kit.github.io/ndk). The NIP-60 ndk-wallet extension supports nostr-native wallet functionality, enabling token verification, nutzap redemption, UTXO management, and balance tracking for users in a non-KYC manner. The update was made possible thanks to the support from OpenSats and other generous contributors. The GitHub repository contains the release notes, blog post, and code updates for this new version of NDK. [Aqua Wallet v0.2.0: RBF, Lower Liquid Fees, Native USDT Transactions](https://www.nobsbitcoin.com/aqua-wallet-v0-2-0/) (1 min) Aqua Wallet, a mobile Bitcoin, Lightning, Liquid, and Tether wallet available on Android and iOS, has released version 0.2.0. The update includes lower Liquid Network transaction fees (now ~40 sats), native Tether USDt transactions with the option to pay fees using USDT, Taproot swaps for instant refunds on failed Lightning sends, more fiat currency display options, RBF for Bitcoin sends, an Internal Send flow as a swap option, Direct Peg-In option for Layer 2 Bitcoin, and added support for Mexas (MEX) stablecoin. Additionally, Beaver Bitcoin and Pocket Bitcoin are now available in the Marketplace for Canada and Europe, respectively. There are also bug fixes throughout the app. Known issues include new fiat currency options not working on the Swap interface, where USD values must still be entered. ### 🍵 "btc | bitcoin | lightning network | asic" - Google News [Bitcoin Depot Expands Its Merchant Network And Exceeds 8,000 Bitcoin ATMs - Digital Transactions](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMirgFBVV95cUxNNWxVSk9wOEhSRlpCUFlVM0FBcWViRnZsSC15M0JLSEhJRzZyS0hlZzhsZWYwekxlZ0NpOGRXT2htTlY5cFNkbHI1R0FYTTQ3Wm5qa0NDMTBCODJlSm5hdXhFTW5hQnJFeGdOb0dDRXAxd0JOVFRwQ1hxblR0YWZyVS0tNnJNNW5yc01oek5tWnJIeTBjT2xJOU95VU9BcWtwWnNYelN4aVgxbnlTdFE?oc=5) [TRON H1 2024: From Stablecoins to Bitcoin and Beyond - CryptoTicker.io - Bitcoin Price, Ethereum Price & Crypto News](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMib0FVX3lxTE9KZjE3Ry1fTWVYclowaHhXdmlpYmd5a1BObG8zNzhSSDZrMVh3a1U0eUY5blVwYjdmSzA0dmNoOUluU0lydUozN09RSU9ya1FiaW8xSDZWX3MtUlNndUtxMzB2RUFPeUc2dG9DYkNXZw?oc=5) [‘Only a Small Number Can Survive’ – Galaxy Digital Issues Warning to Bitcoin Layer-2s Amid Scarce Blockspace - The Daily Hodl](https://news.google.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?oc=5) [10 Best Crypto Wallets of August 2024 - Money](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiT0FVX3lxTE9jaGJ1dEJHT0dkRFFQUlQxS3JXaGJLWTBVbHRCeVBEV1d0NmVVMXkyUVNvTTdjRVZtSVdsQjdmaEF2dU9tcU9IWWpUSEg0dW_SAVtBVV95cUxPaTZhRXIyNGxiVTZISGZ4Tkc4Y25WT3lzbTE2YTJPVG1YdWdJVWJBcmt1OGh3a0hVdEQ2WmxDa045MlBDVmcxaXZkWUVTZ1NHekpmZWs3ZG55aW9V?oc=5) [How Can BTC Holders Best Utilize Their Tokens Without Transferring Them? - ZyCrypto](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMimAFBVV95cUxOdVk0TGRZNEVOblVpY0hwUE80ZVVfVV9KMUV0ampzTm1zcjUyWkhCNmFZaUxPb3dKelI3U21JMWo0MWFjVmlXMzFjUjB2NXg5azZPcWw4N0t3dW5hdDBwbXNDcWp3eHNBdEQ5WUJSUmRueW5KSXU0NW90dFVVbmhfaFJFWFlYakJJRjRmdXhnT3Vtblh5UG1RWtIBngFBVV95cUxQdHhXVTJBa2tCdE51clo4V3pBalZMZUlnNS10Rk9OdEdpUnJjR2R4djl0d3FfX1dIeFpacHFwa29hMU9NTC12RGx1U01qX3BtQ1g0dU1SSER1ZnI5WmtUMDY1OWVSMENzVF91RjMtc3pwX0FUVHpoYlM3SFExVVMyRGdxZjBqR0l3YlVnMzA4dmNRSkM2R2tHVTM2cDk1Zw?oc=5) [Bitcoin Price Drop to $50,300 Leaves Miners in the Red: Profitable Models Dwindle - Crypto News Flash](https://news.google.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?oc=5) [Bitcoin Bloodbath: Prices Plunge Amid Stock Market Chaos and Crypto Panic - Shore News Network](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiuAFBVV95cUxPY3Jtbzh4MEl2dmxLTnJJLXVrQnNvclB3a2t6UXZMQmRxTHhvOWxFU1RyaFhLaUliaU5kdjJCS1FkTldaWXVjbTQ3VjlDM0NDV0lROUNjSDl1M21sX3FaUmg5dXNlX2h2SjJYQ1Ata2tockpOc0ljMl8yaVBiZmRMOXh3UlQ1UzJDbHhVajdyMlYzRG9CNlByUm1NeV9IVHRhZjFjU0JnbTdGYjlYMUNqcW9QRXE3SGow?oc=5) [Xapo Launches Lightning Network Deposits Amid Growing Adoption In Key Latin Markets - The Defiant - DeFi News](https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiyAFBVV95cUxNVmZjX0JJMlBZWEpsbS1rQnFCdnhOOWdGek9qNVRXSkVpdnRKRXN5UE5JQVFucHlLamtwM0VINGc3QkhxRDRLQ01uVE4yY1dZTWN6M1BYTEpYWXlUS1RsYUpWUkFFVmoxNDFkdmlqOWozeXA2bzVBUzZEdWVBMXRqYXRtOFBubzBQWlRmblpwMkk0RkUwOGREdGlEclFwOEhDRmI3cVhQTUdxZk1jTXRzSFNERXNSeWNkTWY3OGRLLWlkc04zVnE1Tw?oc=5)

@ 77b64ba1:87834c6e

https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58a24a31f7e0abbb0fcc80a7/0298439c-b631-4127-b9b2-c76b8c8c83cd/refinances+are+coming.jpg?format=2500w We at Arete think it is important to write about refinances at this time. Reasons being: - Federal Reserve Chair Jay Powell recently indicated that Fed Rate drops are on the horizon. - And while there has been speculation of rate drops in the past, this time Jay Powell actually said it himself - Powell has been consistently transparent regarding the Fed’s intention for how the Money Market will be managed, especially since the Covid liquidity crisis and subsequent high inflation. This time we think it’s true; rate drops will probably start before the presidential election, and subsequently mortgage interest will drop as well (or we’re wrong…like everyone else again). We’re going to break down what refinancing is in the context of mortgages, why you should do it, and what we believe borrowers need to do in order to not leave money on the table. What is Refinancing? - Refinancing is an extremely common and important component of debt management. - Essentially, refinancing is when you get a new loan to pay off an existing loan. Most people refinance to take advantage of lower interest rates. You get a lower interest rate, which often means lower monthly payments and paying less interest over the period of the loan. In many home mortgage markets around the world, refinancing is less common. Here are some reasons why that may be: - Most mortgage markets offer short loan periods, variable mortgage rates, and/or prepayment penalties. - With such terms, it can be much harder for a consumer to justify the closing costs of refinancing and to know they will benefit from such an action That is not how the US mortgage market works. The US mortgage market is truly unique: - It is dominated by long term, fixed rate, no pre-payment mortgages. - You know exactly what you are getting for the duration of the loan and how it will play out into the future. While there is a clear benefit to the US mortgage consumer, they can also be a double-edged sword. A fixed long term mortgage will protect you from exposure to higher interest rate markets that a variable rate mortgage would expose you to. This is nice because you always know that your payment won't go up. However, because it is fixed, without refinancing, you would not reap any benefits when interest rates go down. This can be particularly painful and costly for a holder of a long term mortgage with a high interest rate. If you don’t want to pay your bank or mortgage holder extra money every month over the life of the loan,you have to take action. Taking action is especially important if your mortgage is new since you pay more interest at the beginning of a mortgage’s amortization than the end of it. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58a24a31f7e0abbb0fcc80a7/ea4f7735-1621-4167-ad44-17d44e093864/why+not+both.jpg?format=2500w So, what is one to do? If you don’t want to get into cost/benefit analysis about refinancing and the months to recoup the cost (totally understandable), the key is to keep it simple; it’s all just math in the end. The old simple strategies that applied in the 1980’s of ‘waiting until rates are 2% lower than your existing rate’ may have made sense with a $30,000 mortgage. But now it makes no sense to wait if you are holding a $400,000+ mortgage that you are only a few years into the term. You’d cry if you knew how much interest you paid waiting for that to happen with today’s loan amounts and rates. The strategy everyone should be deploying at the least is this: If you can refinance your mortgage and lower your rate, by even an eighth of a percentage (say 7% to 6.875%), and you can do so with lender credits that cover the transaction fees (excluding escrow), you should do so without hesitation. Why? Because if the market is at a point where a bank will pay you to lower your rate ; there is no downside. You lose nothing and simply gain a lower interest rate, meaning a lower payment and less interest paid, and you paid nothing to get it. Yes, you do start your mortgage amortization schedule over, but if you are wanting to maintain the same amortization schedule, it is easy enough to tack on an extra $50 or so of principal payments to your monthly payment (we’d gladly help you figure this part out). You still gain the lower minimum payment and pay less interest over time. Rates drop again? Then, you apply the same strategy again, and again, and again whenever possible. Waiting until rates ‘drop enough’ is akin to not walking away from the craps table with your gains, because if rates go up and you miss the opportunity…you’ve just lost big time and don’t know when you’ll ‘be up’ again. Keep it simple, lower your rate when you can for free, and you will have the lowest rate that was possible over any time period without worrying about your cost to recoup or other metrics necessary to justify other refi scenarios. Our most successful clients executed this strategy in the last refi market which ensured they got the lowest rate possible, as early as possible without pouring after cost comparisons to determine the benefit. Again, the reason you need to be prepared to do this is because of how the US mortgage market works. When the market drops and offers you a lower interest rate for free, it is akin to you being able to margin call the bank on that debt. We have a unique system in the US ; it’s nationally subsidized and offers us an incredible product that no other every day people have access to. With that said, it has its tradeoffs and if you do not act to step down the interest rate ladder yourself when the opportunity arises, especially with how large loan amounts are nowadays, you are gifting quite a lot of money to the holder of your mortgage unnecessarily. Many of you may be overwhelmed at the idea of watching the market, or perhaps you missed the refinance opportunities of 2020-2021 (though many of you did not!). So please know we are always watching the market and ready to contact clients where an opportunity exists to refinance. With that said you as the consumer can be proactive in letting us know with an email or call that you want to pursue a refinance so that we can prepare accordingly as a team. If you’ve read this far, we hope you found the information useful, and we also really appreciate you as clients that trust us to help you with your mortgage needs. Hope to hear from you soon :)

@ 4dbfcb7c:eb8d1695

There are 3 ways that Linux distros get updated. These are known as 1. **Fixed distros** (security updates only) - more stable - more secure - older app versions w/out new app features - upgrades every 6months to 2yrs 3. **Semi-Rolling Distros** (security and 3rd party updates) - core distribution files are fixed - 3rd party apps are rolling 5. **Rolling Distros** (security, core, and 3rd party updates) - latest app versions - less stable - possibly more security issues due to newer cutting edge code - upgrades a package as soon there's a new release - upgrades constantly Here is an [article explaining Rolling vs. Fixed in detail](https://averagelinuxuser.com/rolling-vs-fixed-linux-release/#rolling-vs-fixed-releases), with a few example distributions. [⚡️ Follow Freedom Tech](nostr:npub1fkluklzamwpyn7w8awxzrcqe7z8mldlvthk4gz9kz3vsh6udz62s9qj48l) #RollingVsFixed #FixedDistro #SemiRollingDistro #RollingDistro #FixedVsRolling #Linux #FOSS

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OtEp9lZKWvA" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5

I feel sorry for the laggards who would pile into bitcoin at the last moment. They'll be fleeing into bitcoin through crypto scams, fake L2's, AI social engineering attacks, misinformation from trusted sources and cognitive dissonance. In a rapidly shifting open source environment niched in topics that they hardly understand. And at the bottom of the rabbit hole you have personal responsibility and hard work waiting for you. I'm assuming uncle jims will do well. They essentially become financial advisors (Recommending Bitcoin products and services, Helping them understand and move up the sovereignty ladder, Holding Keys, Running LSP's, Mints, and Relays). Its just crazy to imagine that we're entering a world were 20 year olds have a better grasp on how to use money, how money works, and why it works that way.....than most studied economics professionals. Understanding money is a key piece to human flourishing and survival, many will succumb to being slaves of their own ignorance, doomed to live out the rest of their days as hungry ghosts, pulling knobs and levers of which have no real meaning or consequence. https://cdn.satellite.earth/40f7fa81b77c2097ee499cd63d47e66b245aedb20d9a782f33622427c5179dab.webp originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/636597

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

A few months ago, @grayruby posted [SN and the Zen of 1 sat = 1 sat](https://stacker.news/items/550268/r/Undisciplined). Since then, the top of my SN page has read "1 sat = 1 sat". It is quite peaceful. While setting up [random zaps](https://stacker.news/items/632357/r/Undisciplined), I stumbled across another setting that's been giving me a similar sense of peace. I disabled being notified when I receive zaps. After all, I keep insisting that I'm not here for the sats, but rather for the community, so why do I need to see how much and how often people are zapping me. It's much less clutter in the notifications feed and everything in there is now something to potentially respond to. Give it a whirl. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/636336

@ 1394367a:5183ebf0

А геsрапва to Jung. and QC question 2. by Gary B QC/Waldman Jan. 14, 1974 I Now there was a man named Frick, who lived in the land of Zot, a far-out, mystical land that never really existed, but might just as well have, anyway. And for Frick, this was the only land that existed--the only reality. There was nobody else living in Zot, no not a soul, Frick was the only living being there. Of course there were animals, cows, pigs, wolves. And there were flowers--beautiful flowers. But we know that all these things are incidental--just parts in the chain of life that kept Frick alive. Frick may not have known this, but that isn't important, for for our purposes here it is enough that we know it. Frick did, however, sense that he was different from all the rest of the creatures in Zot He knew, for example, how he always outssarted the animale and flowers when he went hunting for food to keep him alive. Ho seemed to sonne that he thought differently from all the other creatures in Zot. And after all, he was the only pue Zot who was allowed to use the fifty-moter olympic nie wie ing pool that lay just over the hill where the purple sheep usually grazed. Now the land of Zot was indeed a paradise--quite a sight to behold. Tall, beautiful, narrow-spaced palm trees lined the outer edges of this land, forming a tightly meshed wall of wood that served to contain the land of Zot. Of course, to Frick, this was no wall--it was merely the edge of his reality there in Zot, merely another part of that land--not on the edge of the land, but just another part of the universe which had been created by The Almighty Dog. No, those palm trees were not thought of by Frick an a border, but rather an here, or there', or sometimes over there', 'that place', or 'nomewhere'. (Of course, these words are describing Prick's thoughts, not his speech, for he didn't sponk. If he could, who would he talk to, anywny?) Now Frick was content in the land of Zot. He could Tender all day seron the wooded nendowe, or climb a tall flower and gase across the countryside. Mfo mas indeed poradine, a perfection. Yes, The Almighty Deg had friend created a thing of beauty. And it came to paan one day, that as Prick was bending down over a pool of cold, awoot water to drink hiu fill, de noticed that a god had been following him. Atslean, could pee it's fresh footprints in the mud behind him. Ales. As must have run away and hidden in a bush when he turned eround, thought Frick. Frick then began to think for the gud. Here gad, here god. Come on little goddyl and then fres behind a bush peared the cutest little god that Frick had ever seen--black, furry ears with white tips, solid black pawn-- Just plain cute, come on little god, don't be scared. come on." The god wagged his tail at Prick-it seemed to realize that Frick was thinking friendly thoughts, making friendly gestures. Woll soon, as the story goes, Prick and the god were great friends. And they stayed and played there by the water hole for the rest of the day, and late into the evening. Then Frick noticed that the great ball of fire was rapidly sinking in the east, so he started on the way back to his bungalow on the lake, with the little god following close behind. That night he feanted on shark nest and roast pork, making sure that he set out a generous portion to the little god, Soon Prick grew tired, and with a yawn lay down on his bed to go to sleep. "Little god", he thought before he went to alesp, "I'm glad met there by the water hole today," He didn't know quite why he thought that, but he did know that he had a good feeling inaide--not just from filling his stomach. And then came Frack. No formal introduction given--The Almighty Dog just thought, Frick, I now give you FrackT And then there was Frack-and now we have Frick and Frack, Frock was different than Frick, Oh, not the type of 'differens that you and I usually think of today. Prack was the mass spealan of being au Frick, to be sure. But Prack was built differently. very differently--and Prick realized this. At first, Frick tech Prack very much for granted, but that inter changed, and it wasn't tor long a tine until Prick became very, very friendly towards Frack. And it came to pass that Frick and Prach bacame to love one another very dearly. Love?i Ten, lovell This was surely a new experience for Frick--he had learned what 'like' wan like, and now he wan learning what 'love' was like. He didn't know quite why he felt the way he did towards Brack, but he did know that he had a good feeling inside... It was much different living in the land of Zot now, with his wife(yes, wifel) Frack and their little god(Frack liked the little god, too. Sometimes, however, she would got mad at it for piddling on their new bearskin rug, but all in all, thị tro got along very well, and really were quite good friends.), Then one day it happened. Frick and Frack were at the breakfast table, eating their corn-flaken, when rather suddenly and strangly, out of an impulse, Frack grunted at Prick, Well now, they both sensed what was happening. With a flicker in his eye, Frick looked at Frack. Frack umiled back. You, Frick knew what Frack wanted---and so he passed har the salt. And from that day on, the people in the land of Zot could speak. The weeks went on, and Frick would grunt at Prack, and Frack grunted back at Frick. But alas, all this grinting led to complications, for sometimes their grunts crossed. One humid, uncomfortable day, Frick, Prack, and their little god who they had named 'Spot' were sitting by the olympic-sized swimming pool with nothing, absolutely nothing, to do. "What a bore", grunted Prick to Frack. "Yeh, its really a drag", replied Frack. "Hey I know", grunted Frick excitedly, "Let's go to the rain forent and catch butterflies! "Ah--no, I don't feel like that today," grunted Frack back at Frick... "Hey let's go for a walk instead!" "No, no, no", snap-grunted Frick at Preck. "I want to go to the rain forest, damniti!" And so their(and the land's) first fight developed, But don't get the idea that this fight was no terribly sericus-- it wasn't. The solution to that quarrel was really very simple-- they finally decided that they would take a walk--to the rain forest to catch butterflies. How alas, thore came a day which was to be remembered by Prick for a long time. The sun(that was the name they gave to the great ball of fire which regularly rose in the west and set in the east) was rising that morning in fiery splendor--except this morning, it was rising in the east! Now they thought that to be rather strange, but not nearly as strange as the funny looking creatures who were standing at their front door when they woke up, yolling Is anybody home, perchance? Is anybody home?" The creatures grunted a bit differently than Prick and Frack did, but not so much so that they couldn't be understood. How strange', thought Frick, What creatures could these be? I've never seen the likes of them in the land before--and in this land only Frack and I are suppossed to be able to grunt. Well now, Frick let the strangers in. They all sat dom. and Flot, chief of these strangers who called themselves Dorks spoke: "We are the Dorks, from far away, beyond the gront wall of palm trees that separates your land from ours." Your land? Beyond the great wall of palm trees? What do you mean? Zot is the only place--you are in Zot, you are part of this land, this world. There is--there in nothing beyond the palm trees, except perhaps the place where The Almighty Dog resides and maken the sun alternately rise and fall--although today I think he is a bit mixed up", grunted Frick as he looked out the window to the east, perplexed. What do you mean, stranger?" "My dear sir, I realize that it will be hard for you to accept this, but there is another land beyond the great wall of palm trees."... And so the conversation went. Plot explained to Frick and Frack all about the land of the Dorks, beyond the palm trees. He told them of other people too, who lived even farther away. They sat there, in the living room of Frick and Prack's bungalow on the lake for the rest of the day and that night too. listening, arguing, laughing. They dinagreed on many things, too. For example, the Dorks worshiped a supar-being who they called "God, and thought him to be the creator of all the lands in existence. Frick thought the idea to be rather strange, and bit silly. He found all these things very hard to comprehend. But he did not say that to the Dorks, for he rather liked tham--aspecially their chief, Flot. He didn't care for Flip, the second in command, but all in all, he thought the Darka were a pretty good bunch of guys. He didn't know quite why he felt the way he did towards the Dorks, but he did knew that he had a good feeling inside... Now the years wunt by, over faster, and Frick and Frack learned much from the Dorks, and the Dorks likewinn. Kany more Derks cane to visit then at their bugalow on the lake over years, and they occasionally set a Sipkar or two, who were with the Dorks, and traveled with them for safety reang the Sipkars had many jealous enemies, due to the great wal that their land posseaned. From the frequent exposure to th different beings, Frick learned more about 'love', 'like, 'dislike, and evan experienced 'hato. (I am speaking here Plip, a guy he hated almost from the very beginning.) and he didn't know quite why he felt those things--but he did feel thes.. Well now, Flot had also told Frick about other things besides the cutaide world--and so it came to pass that Prack begos Pruck, Frot, Prip, Prally, and Frabu. And in time, Frulu begot Fust, Frapar, Prustrum, and Frasat, Frally begot Folly, Pustar, Pozy, and Funais. And behold, the people of the land of Bot multiplied and filled the face of what they used to think was the whole earth. II One night, Frick and Prack were at their home on the inke, in a rather sullen mood. Their daughter, Prulu had just been arrested by the Zotland police for illegal ponnession of drugs. They just couldn't understand her. They had given her all their love all their lives, and now this--she turns right around and slaps them hatefully in their faces. How could shel?! Prick finally decided to break the gloomy allence, and suggested to Frack that they go to a hockey game and try to forget what had happened with Frulu, But I just can't forget about sy daughter! Oh my baby, my poor baby! "I'm not asking you to forget about her dear, grunted Prick. "I'm just suggesting that we try to take this thing in stride. Let's go to the hockey game--it'll help get this off our minds come on, dear." And so It came to pass that Frick and Frack went to the hockey game that night. And fortunately, for the sake of those two, it was far from a dull gane, and they completely forgot their troubles, becoming completely engrosued in the game. The home tean was winning, the fans cheered in unison. They scorel Up to their feet jumped the crowd, clapping and singing together, stomping their feet till the stadium threatened to crumble from the thunderous noise. Frick and Frack applauded in wild enthusiasm--what a tean they had! And the crowd chanted in unison," we want another goal, we want another goal", and the chant became louder and louder, more and more powerful, cap- tivating--hypnotic. And the voiceu of the individuals melted into one, gigantic, throbbing voice--one mind, with only one thing in mind--to win the game. The home team lost that game, and the peaple filed out of the stadius, quiet and exhausted... Now in the fifth year after the eighteenth month past the second full moon in August of the second year before the third day(remember that date), there enne the great war. This was brought about by many factors, First of all, all kinds of people hated one another--secondly, the king of Jaru had threatened the daughter of the princs to the king of the Third Kingdom of Dastar the Innocent, thus weakening world friendships all over, for Quatland was allied with Dastar who was allied with the Eete who wore friends of the Dorks. You bet right, the Zots were "dragged into this conflict too, because of thin dastardly incident with Jaru and the daughter of that certain prince. No one really knew why in the hell they hated each other so, but they did have bad feelings inside... And low and behold, one day while Frick eat out by the lake watching the grasshoppera awin deftly across the expanse of cool, blue water, the heavens opened up from above and out of a whirlwind spoke The Almighty Dog to Prick. "Frick", he said, I look down at the world today, and it is bad." "Your dann right its bad", grunted Frick back at Dog. You should have heard what that king did to that girll" I don't mean that", replied Dog. It is the war that is bad--the hate, the violence, the unneccessary death. Frick, ant this world to be a thing of beauty, of splendor. Now Has turned into a place of evil. Masses of people unite against other masses, and threaten to blow each other off the face of this planet. A person is no longer an individual today-- he in merely part of a great machine--the machine of modern society. Oh surely there are various degrees to this destruction of individuality, but only one sure result--death and destruction. Nobody understands anybody else--they just don't quite know what those feelings inside of them nean, Prick, thin world in not what I intended it to be. You must be my spokesman, you must stand up and talk to the world, make then understand, Tell then that--toll tham--junt make then understand each other, make t thes understand." Now Frick heard the word of Dog, and took heed. Around the country he traveled, grunting to the people, asking them to understand--asking them to hear and obey the word of Dog, to Join together in worship of Him. And low and behold the people of the land of Zot listened and joined together in worship. Together they sang, together they prayed, together they hated their enemies and loved their allies (And nobody really unders why, they just had that feeling inside them.), together they marched, together they fought, and before you knew it the faca of the earth was destroyed, and covered with dark, grey cloudu that looked something like mahrooms. Now only one spot on the entire earth remained unscared from the terrible holocaust of the great war. This was a small patch of land in the northeast corner of the land of Zot. And on this Iand nat a bungalow by a radioactively-glowing lake. And in this bungalow sat a very old, weary man named Frick. Now Prick was the only person living in this small patch of land, and thus the only person alive on the earth. He lived there alone, not saying a word For who would he talk to?), a total individual, completely fres--no acclety to tie him down, to take his soul away. And when a little god cane scratching at his door one day, the curest little god he had ever seen, he kicked it in the ribe and told it to get the hell out of there. And one day, when the heavens parted and The Almighty Dog called out Frick's name from a whirlwind, Frick told Dog to go join the little god. ******************

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Happy Discount Day, stackers! What better way to celebrate than to throw down some cheap sats on European Soccer matches? [Freebitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722) has about a dozen matches up; from the Premier League, Serie A, and La Liga. The odds are good, if you get in early. On a cautionary note, see the last post (https://stacker.news/items/628381/r/Undisciplined) for some concerns about this site. I haven't had any issues so far, but I did withdraw my initial deposit, so I'm only playing with house money going forward. Caveat emptor! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/636197

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

I would like to keep track of my bitcoin history and was wondering what people do? Is there an app that gathers what you bought and at what price at and keeps up with what you have? Or is it basically spreadsheet ninja time? I basically want to log my purchases and keep up with how many dollars I've invested. Then I want to see it's value today. But of course every time I buy, it's at a different price, so a tool that's sorts all this would be so cool. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/635837

@ b2caa9b3:9eab0fb5

It's been a whirlwind of a few days here in Tanzania. I've taken a bit of a break from obsessively sorting through my photos and decided to immerse myself in the local culture. Wandering through town, sipping coffee at a cozy cafe, and making new connections has been incredibly refreshing.  One afternoon, I found myself at Kili Kahawa, a charming spot right by the clock tower. While the internet connection left something to be desired, it was the perfect opportunity to dive deeper into the Telos Blockchain. I'm eager to get involved in the world of NFTs and explore potential money-making apps. During my research, I stumbled upon Appics, an app originally planned for the Steemit Blockchain but ultimately launched on Telos. Excited to give it a try, I discovered I already had an account! Unfortunately, I quickly encountered some frustrating bugs, particularly with image quality. It's disappointing to have to spend extra time editing photos before posting, but I'm hopeful the developers will address these issues soon.  On the NFT front, I've been busy creating new collections on both the WAX and Telos Blockchains. Telos, in particular, has captured my interest. I'll be sharing more details about my NFT drops in a separate post, but I wanted to give you a heads up that they'll be limited editions.  One of the highlights in the last few days has been meeting incredible people. I had the pleasure of connecting with a fascinating Chinese traveler who shared captivating stories about his adventures. His three-day ascent of Kilimanjaro was nothing short of extraordinary. Considering the extreme conditions and dangers, I have immense respect for his accomplishment. After his descent, he spent a few days recovering at the hostel. We enjoyed a fantastic dinner together, thanks to the generosity of a British family staying there. It was a truly memorable evening filled with delicious food and great company. Our Chinese friend is a great chef.  I'll wrap up this post with a few photos from my recent adventures. Stay tuned for more updates on my blockchain journey and my ongoing exploration of Tanzania. Until then, enjoy your day!   ## NFT Collections [WaxoWeiler (WAX Blockchain)](https://neftyblocks.com/collection/waxoweiler12) • [Ninja Girls (Telos Blockchain)](https://telos.neftyblocks.com/collection/telninjagirl) ## Online [Profile Page](https://rubenstorm.de.cool/) | [Support Page](https://rubenstorm.12hp.de/) > Feel free to support me by sending some sats via the lightning network to rubenstorm@sats.mobi

@ 674473f6:f859eb3c

> Bitwise Operation คือ กระบวนการที่การดำเนินการใด ๆ โดยตรงกับบิตของตัวเลข หรือชุดข้อมูลของเราใน memory ซึ่งการทำงานโดยตรงกับบิตของตัวเลข ทำให้มีประสิทธิภาพสูงและใช้บ่อยในการเขียนโปรแกรมระดับ low-level โดยหลัก ๆ ที่ใช้กันจะมี 6 แบบ เป็นเครื่องมือที่ทรงพลังสำหรับนักพัฒนาที่ต้องการประสิทธิภาพสูงและการควบคุมระดับบิต โดยเฉพาะในการพัฒนาระบบระดับ low-level และการทำงานกับฮาร์ดแวร์โดยตรง ## TLDR ภาพรวม Bitwise Operations: AND (&): ใช้เปรียบเทียบบิต, ให้ 1 เมื่อทั้งสองบิตเป็น 1 ประโยชน์: ตรวจสอบบิต, สร้าง mask OR (|): ให้ 1 เมื่อมีบิตใดบิตหนึ่งเป็น 1 ประโยชน์: รวมแฟล็ก, ตั้งค่าบิต XOR (^): ให้ 1 เมื่อบิตต่างกัน ประโยชน์: สลับค่า, เข้ารหัสอย่างง่าย NOT (~): กลับค่าทุกบิต ประโยชน์: สร้าง mask สำหรับลบบิต Left Shift (<<): เลื่อนบิตไปซ้าย, เติม 0 ทางขวา ประโยชน์: คูณด้วยกำลังของ 2, สร้าง mask Right Shift (>>): เลื่อนบิตไปขวา ประโยชน์: หารด้วยกำลังของ 2, แยกส่วนข้อมูล ## 1.) BitAnd (&): BitAnd มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ & เป็นการดำเนินการทางตรรกะที่เปรียบเทียบบิตในตำแหน่งเดียวกันของสองตัวเลข โดยมีกฎดังนี้: - 1 AND 1 = 1 - 1 AND 0 = 0 - 0 AND 1 = 0 - 0 AND 0 = 0 หรือกล่าวอีกนัยหนึ่ง ผลลัพธ์จะเป็น 1 ก็ต่อเมื่อทั้งสองบิตเป็น 1 เท่านั้น ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลขสองตัว A = 5 และ B = 3 ในระบบเลขฐานสอง: A = 5 = 0101 B = 3 = 0011 เมื่อทำ BitAnd: ``` 0101 (A = 5) & 0011 (B = 3) ---- 0001 (Result = 1) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า: - บิตที่ 1 (จากขวา): 1 & 1 = 1 - บิตที่ 2: 0 & 1 = 0 - บิตที่ 3: 1 & 0 = 0 - บิตที่ 4: 0 & 0 = 0 ดังนั้น ผลลัพธ์คือ 0001 ในเลขฐานสอง ซึ่งเท่ากับ 1 ในเลขฐานสิบ การใช้งาน BitAnd: 1. การตรวจสอบเลขคู่/คี่: ถ้า (n & 1) == 0 แสดงว่า n เป็นเลขคู่ ถ้า (n & 1) == 1 แสดงว่า n เป็นเลขคี่ 2. การตรวจสอบสถานะของบิตเฉพาะ: ถ้าต้องการตรวจสอบบิตที่ 3 ของ x: if (x & (1 << 2)) != 0 // บิตที่ 3 เป็น 1 3. การลบบิตสุดท้ายที่เป็น 1: n = n & (n - 1) BitAnd มีประโยชน์มากในการจัดการกับข้อมูลระดับบิต การตั้งค่าแฟล็ก และการทำงานกับฮาร์ดแวร์โดยตรง ## 2.) BitOr (|): BitOr มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ | เป็นการดำเนินการทางตรรกะที่เปรียบเทียบบิตในตำแหน่งเดียวกันของสองตัวเลข โดยมีกฎดังนี้: - 1 OR 1 = 1 - 1 OR 0 = 1 - 0 OR 1 = 1 - 0 OR 0 = 0 กล่าวคือ ผลลัพธ์จะเป็น 1 เมื่อมีบิตใดบิตหนึ่งเป็น 1 หรือทั้งสองบิตเป็น 1 ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลขสองตัว A = 5 และ B = 3 ในระบบเลขฐานสอง: A = 5 = 0101 B = 3 = 0011 เมื่อทำ BitOr: ``` 0101 (A = 5) | 0011 (B = 3) ---- 0111 (Result = 7) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า: - บิตที่ 1 (จากขวา): 1 | 1 = 1 - บิตที่ 2: 0 | 1 = 1 - บิตที่ 3: 1 | 0 = 1 - บิตที่ 4: 0 | 0 = 0 ดังนั้น ผลลัพธ์คือ 0111 ในเลขฐานสอง ซึ่งเท่ากับ 7 ในเลขฐานสิบ การใช้งาน BitOr: 1. การรวมแฟล็ก: เช่น ในการตั้งค่าสิทธิ์ไฟล์ในระบบ Unix permissions = READ | WRITE | EXECUTE 2. การตั้งค่าบิตเฉพาะ: ถ้าต้องการตั้งค่าบิตที่ 3 ของ x เป็น 1: x = x | (1 << 2) 3. การรวมสี RGB: ในระบบสี RGB ที่ใช้ 8 บิตต่อสี color = (red << 16) | (green << 8) | blue BitOr มีประโยชน์มากในการรวมแฟล็ก การตั้งค่าบิต และการทำงานกับข้อมูลที่แต่ละบิตมีความหมายเฉพาะ ## BitXor (^): BitXor หรือ Exclusive OR (XOR) มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ ^ เป็นการดำเนินการทางตรรกะที่เปรียบเทียบบิตในตำแหน่งเดียวกันของสองตัวเลข โดยมีกฎดังนี้: - 1 XOR 1 = 0 - 1 XOR 0 = 1 - 0 XOR 1 = 1 - 0 XOR 0 = 0 กล่าวคือ ผลลัพธ์จะเป็น 1 เมื่อบิตทั้งสองมีค่าต่างกัน ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลขสองตัว A = 5 และ B = 3 ในระบบเลขฐานสอง: A = 5 = 0101 B = 3 = 0011 เมื่อทำ BitXor: ``` 0101 (A = 5) ^ 0011 (B = 3) ---- 0110 (Result = 6) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า: - บิตที่ 1 (จากขวา): 1 ^ 1 = 0 - บิตที่ 2: 0 ^ 1 = 1 - บิตที่ 3: 1 ^ 0 = 1 - บิตที่ 4: 0 ^ 0 = 0 ดังนั้น ผลลัพธ์คือ 0110 ในเลขฐานสอง ซึ่งเท่ากับ 6 ในเลขฐานสิบ การใช้งาน BitXor: 1. การสลับค่าโดยไม่ใช้ตัวแปรเพิ่ม: a ^= b; b ^= a; a ^= b; // ตอนนี้ a และ b ได้สลับค่ากันแล้ว 2. การเข้ารหัสอย่างง่าย: encrypted = data ^ key decrypted = encrypted ^ key // จะได้ data กลับคืนมา 3. การตรวจสอบความเท่ากันของตัวเลข: if ((a ^ b) == 0) // a และ b เท่ากัน 4. การหาตัวเลขที่ไม่มีคู่ในชุดข้อมูล: result = num1 ^ num2 ^ num3 ^ ... // ผลลัพธ์จะเป็นตัวเลขที่ไม่มีคู่ BitXor มีคุณสมบัติพิเศษคือ การ XOR กับตัวเองจะได้ 0 และการ XOR กับ 0 จะได้ตัวเองกลับคืนมา ทำให้มันมีประโยชน์มากในการเข้ารหัสและการตรวจสอบข้อมูล ## BitNot (~): BitNot หรือ NOT มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ ~ เป็นการดำเนินการทางตรรกะที่กลับบิตของตัวเลข โดยมีกฎง่ายๆ คือ: - NOT 1 = 0 - NOT 0 = 1 กล่าวคือ BitNot จะเปลี่ยนทุกบิต 0 เป็น 1 และทุกบิต 1 เป็น 0 ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลข A = 5 ในระบบเลขฐานสอง (สมมติว่าเป็นเลข 8 บิต): A = 5 = 00000101 เมื่อทำ BitNot: ``` 00000101 (A = 5) -------- ~ 11111010 (Result = 250 ใน unsigned int, หรือ -6 ใน signed int) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า: - ทุกบิต 0 ถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น 1 - ทุกบิต 1 ถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น 0 ผลลัพธ์จะขึ้นอยู่กับว่าเราใช้ระบบเลขแบบไหน (signed หรือ unsigned): - ในระบบ unsigned 8 บิต: 11111010 = 250 - ในระบบ signed 8 บิต: 11111010 = -6 การใช้งาน BitNot: 1. การสร้าง mask สำหรับการลบบิต: clear_mask = ~(1 << n) // สร้าง mask ที่มีบิตที่ n เป็น 0 และที่เหลือเป็น 1 x &= clear_mask // ลบบิตที่ n ของ x 2. การหาค่าสัมบูรณ์ของเลขติดลบในระบบ two's complement: abs_value = (x ^ (x >> 31)) - (x >> 31) // x >> 31 จะได้ 0 สำหรับเลขบวก และ -1 สำหรับเลขลบ 3. การสลับสถานะของทุกบิต: inverted = ~original 4. การหาค่าสูงสุดของตัวแปรที่มีขนาด n บิต: max_value = ~0 >> (32 - n) // สำหรับตัวแปร 32 บิต BitNot มักใช้ร่วมกับ BitAnd เพื่อลบบิตที่ต้องการ หรือใช้ในการสร้าง mask สำหรับการจัดการบิต ## Left Shift (<<): Left Shift มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ << เป็นการดำเนินการที่เลื่อนบิตทั้งหมดของตัวเลขไปทางซ้ายตามจำนวนที่กำหนด โดยเติม 0 ทางด้านขวา Left Shift โดยทั่วไปแล้วไม่แตกต่างกันระหว่างเลข unsigned int และ signed int แต่มีบางประเด็นที่ควรระวัง: 1. ผลลัพธ์: - ในกรณีของเลขไม่มีเครื่องหมาย ผลลัพธ์จะเป็นบวกเสมอ - สำหรับเลขมีเครื่องหมาย ผลลัพธ์อาจเปลี่ยนเครื่องหมายได้หากบิตเครื่องหมาย (sign bit) ถูกเปลี่ยน 2. Overflow: - ทั้งสองกรณีอาจเกิด overflow ได้ถ้าเลื่อนมากเกินไป - สำหรับเลข signed int overflow อาจทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนเครื่องหมายโดยไม่คาดคิด 3. Undefined Behavior: - ในบางภาษา เช่น C/C++, การเลื่อนด้วยค่าที่มากกว่าหรือเท่ากับจำนวนบิตของตัวแปรอาจทำให้เกิด Undefined Behavior ได้ ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลข A = 5 และต้องการเลื่อนซ้าย 2 ตำแหน่ง ในระบบเลขฐานสอง (สมมติว่าเป็นเลข 8 บิต): A = 5 = 00000101 เมื่อทำ Left Shift 2 ตำแหน่ง (A << 2): ``` 00000101 (A = 5) -------- 00010100 (Result = 20) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า:: - บิตทั้งหมดถูกเลื่อนไปทางซ้าย 2 ตำแหน่ง - เติม 0 สองตัวทางด้านขวา ผลลัพธ์: 00010100 ในเลขฐานสอง ซึ่งเท่ากับ 20 ในเลขฐานสิบ ตัวอย่าง 2: ``` unsigned int a = 1; // 00000001 in binary int b = 1; // 00000001 in binary // Left shift by 3 unsigned int a_result = a << 3; // 00001000 (8 in decimal) int b_result = b << 3; // 00001000 (8 in decimal) // สำหรับตัวเลขเล็ก ๆ ผลอาจจะไม่ต่างกัน // แต่เมื่อมีตัวเลขที่ใหญ่ขึ้น อาจจะให้ผลตรงกันข้ามแทน: unsigned int large_a = 1 << 31; // 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 (2147483648 in decimal) int large_b = 1 << 31; // 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 (-2147483648 in decimal, due to two's complement) ``` ในตัวอย่างสุดท้าย เราเห็นความแตกต่าง: - สำหรับ unsigned int, ผลลัพธ์คือเลขบวกที่ใหญ่ที่สุดที่เป็นไปได้ - สำหรับ signed int, ผลลัพธ์คือเลขลบที่น้อยที่สุดที่เป็นไปได้ เนื่องจากบิตซ้ายสุดถูกตีความเป็นเครื่องหมายลบในระบบ two's complement กฎการทำงาน: - เลื่อนบิตทั้งหมดไปทางซ้าย n ตำแหน่ง - เติม 0 ทางด้านขวา n ตัว - บิตที่เลื่อนออกไปทางซ้ายจะหายไป การใช้งาน Left Shift: 1. การคูณด้วยกำลังของ 2: x << n เท่ากับ x * (2^n) เช่น 5 << 2 = 5 * (2^2) = 5 * 4 = 20 2. การสร้างหน้ากาก (mask) สำหรับการตั้งค่าบิต: mask = 1 << n // สร้างหน้ากากที่มีบิตที่ n เป็น 1 และที่เหลือเป็น 0 x |= mask // ตั้งค่าบิตที่ n ของ x เป็น 1 3. การเข้ารหัสข้อมูลหลายบิตในตัวแปรเดียว: encoded = (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b // เก็บค่า RGB ในตัวแปร 32 บิต 4. การทำงานกับบิตแฟล็ก: FLAG_A = 1 << 0 FLAG_B = 1 << 1 FLAG_C = 1 << 2 // ใช้งาน: flags = FLAG_A | FLAG_B Left Shift มีประสิทธิภาพสูงในการคูณด้วยกำลังของ 2 และมักใช้ในการจัดการบิตแฟล็กและการสร้างหน้ากากสำหรับการดำเนินการระดับบิต ## Right Shift (>>): Right Shift มักใช้สัญลักษณ์ >> เป็นการดำเนินการที่เลื่อนบิตทั้งหมดของตัวเลขไปทางขวาตามจำนวนที่กำหนด การทำงานจะแตกต่างกันเล็กน้อยระหว่างเลขที่มีเครื่องหมาย (signed) และไม่มีเครื่องหมาย (unsigned) สำหรับเลข unsigned int (Logical Right Shift): - เลื่อนบิตทั้งหมดไปทางขวา n ตำแหน่ง - เติม 0 ทางด้านซ้าย n ตัว - บิตที่เลื่อนออกไปทางขวาจะหายไป สำหรับเลข signed int (Arithmetic Right Shift): - เลื่อนบิตทั้งหมดไปทางขวา n ตำแหน่ง - เติมด้วยบิตเครื่องหมาย (sign bit) ทางด้านซ้าย n ตัว - บิตที่เลื่อนออกไปทางขวาจะหายไป ตัวอย่าง: สมมติว่าเรามีเลข A = 20 และต้องการเลื่อนขวา 2 ตำแหน่ง ในระบบเลขฐานสอง (สมมติว่าเป็นเลข 8 บิต): A = 20 = 00010100 เมื่อทำ Right Shift 2 ตำแหน่ง (A >> 2): ``` 00010100 (A = 20) -------- 00000101 (Result = 5) ``` จะเห็นได้ว่า:: - บิตทั้งหมดถูกเลื่อนไปทางขวา 2 ตำแหน่ง - เติม 0 สองตัวทางด้านซ้าย (สำหรับเลขไม่มีเครื่องหมาย) ผลลัพธ์: 00000101 ในเลขฐานสอง ซึ่งเท่ากับ 5 ในเลขฐานสิบ การใช้งาน Right Shift: 1. การหารด้วยกำลังของ 2: x >> n เท่ากับ x / (2^n) (ปัดเศษลง) เช่น 20 >> 2 = 20 / (2^2) = 20 / 4 = 5 2. การแยกส่วนของข้อมูลที่ถูกเก็บรวมกัน: r = (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF // แยกค่าสีแดงจาก RGB 24 บิต g = (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF // แยกค่าสีเขียว b = rgb & 0xFF // แยกค่าสีน้ำเงิน 3. การตรวจสอบเครื่องหมายของตัวเลข: sign = x >> 31 // สำหรับตัวแปร 32 บิต, จะได้ 0 สำหรับบวก และ -1 สำหรับลบ 4. การทำ rounded division: (x + (1 << (n-1))) >> n // หารด้วย 2^n และปัดเศษ ข้อควรระวัง: - ใน Java, >> เป็น arithmetic shift สำหรับ int และ long, ส่วน >>> เป็น logical shift - ในภาษาอื่นๆ เช่น C/C++, การทำงานของ >> กับเลขติดลบอาจแตกต่างกันไปตาม Compiler Right Shift มีประสิทธิภาพสูงในการหารด้วยกำลังของ 2 และมักใช้ในการจัดการข้อมูลที่ถูกเก็บรวมกันในรูปแบบบิต หากเปรียบกับ Right Shift แม้ว่าการทำงานพื้นฐานของ Left Shift จะเหมือนกันสำหรับทั้งเลข signed int และ unsigned int แต่การตีความผลลัพธ์และผลกระทบต่อเครื่องหมาย(sign bit)อาจแตกต่างกัน ดังนั้นจึงควรระมัดระวังเมื่อใช้ Left Shift กับเลขที่มี signed int โดยเฉพาะเมื่อเลื่อนด้วยค่าที่สูงมาก ๆ ## Conclusion #### ลักษณะเด่นของ Bitwise Operations: - ประสิทธิภาพสูง: ทำงานเร็วกว่าการคำนวณปกติ - ประหยัดหน่วยความจำ: จัดเก็บข้อมูลหลายอย่างในตัวแปรเดียว - ใช้ในงานระดับต่ำ: การทำงานกับฮาร์ดแวร์, ระบบปฏิบัติการ - การเข้ารหัส: ใช้ในอัลกอริทึมการเข้ารหัสและบีบอัดข้อมูล - การจัดการแฟล็ก: ใช้ในการตั้งค่าและตรวจสอบสถานะต่างๆ #### การใช้งานทั่วไป: - จัดการสิทธิ์และการอนุญาตในระบบไฟล์ - การเข้ารหัสและถอดรหัสข้อมูล - การบีบอัดข้อมูล - การทำงานกับพิกเซลในการประมวลผลภาพ - การจัดการโปรโตคอลเครือข่าย - การทำงานกับ register ใน Embedded system #### ข้อควรระวัง: - ต้องระมัดระวังเรื่องขนาดของข้อมูล (8, 16, 32, 64 บิต) - ความแตกต่างระหว่างเลขมี signed int และ unsigned int - ความแตกต่างของการทำงานในแต่ละภาษาโปรแกรม **unsigned int คือตัวเลขเป็นบวกเสมอ signed int สามารถมีค่าเป็นลบได้ #siamstr #Blog

@ 56a6da9b:7f5a2243

 DAY FOUR of FLASH AUGUST FICTION. We have an antagonist! This is the NINTH OVALS EPISODE! Today I’m going to create the conflict in the OVALS series. This will be a Character v. Society, or even Character v. Nature conflict(s). Regardless, we have an antagonist! Now it’s a real story. Now it’s a real series. You’re welcome. I’m Commercial Herschel. You are on a journey with me, thank you. It will be good for you to listen to, or to read the episode called [O.V.A.L.S.: Linear Time Re-entry Instructions from February 2nd](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/ovals-e-36-ovals-linear-time-re-entry). I hope you had a chance to do that while it was out from behind a paywall for the past week. So, let’s see about this thing about Madsen. We will make his first name Frank. His name is Frank Madsen. [Read and/ or listen at Substack please](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/ovals-where-is-madsen-antogonist-conflict), so i don't have to edit the whole thing again. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/635369

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

The idea for permanently editable posts pops up every so often. [Here's](https://stacker.news/items/306665/r/Undisciplined) @elvismercury's post about it. (Gosh, it sure would be nice if he came back, wouldn't it?) I was thinking about a variant of that idea today. Could we use wiki-style posts? I'm thinking about some of the territories, like ~bitcoin_beginners, that want to have evergreen resource posts. It would be nice to be able to have our "official" post for certain topics that can be updated by stackers and plebs other than the OP. I'm not sure exactly what the price and equity mechanisms should be, but it seems like there's something here. It would obviously cost sats to make edits and I'm thinking it should cost more sats the more substantial your edits are. Then your revenue share on the post would be something like the share of sats you've put into the post (posting fee + all edit fees). This would probably need to come after making rewards more compatible with zapping evergreen content. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/635153

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I was complaining about there not being any good hummus at our local stores: i.e. made with olive oil, rather than seed oils. My wife tossed a bunch of ingredients into the food processor (no recipe, no measuring) and out came amazing hummus. Now, I'm trying to talk her into commercializing it for farmers' markets. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/635019

@ 56a6da9b:7f5a2243

DAY 3 OF FLASH AUGUST FICTION. I had no idea where this one was going. I really didn’t. I just knew the general idea and who knows what the heck was going to happen. Usually there is at least a little bit more of an idea than this. Something tells me it’s going to be absurd. Also. I don’t know what the heck happened yesterday with the production of the podcast. Things got all out of whack. I’m very frustrated with audacity and I’m having a hard time finding something simple to work with. There really should be something simple but there is not. [Help me find a coder for StoryCheetah and we can fix that](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/show-dont-tell-who-can-use-storycheetah). **[Listen to BALONEY MONGERS!](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/baloney-mongers-constant-liars-lie-constantly)** 655 WORDS WRITTEN IN ABOUT AN HOUR Flo had to redo her face. She needed a more frightening, panicky appearance to convince the viewers of the seriousness of the situation regarding the idea that her candidate wasn't looking very good. She had been told that if her candidate didn't win, her gravy train would come to a stop. One of the ways she's controlled is through her payments. They get the teleprompter readers into a lot of debt, so when the paychecks stop, they are ruined. Flo is in the makeup room talking to Beau, who is getting the lift on his hair reinforced. "What are we going to do?" Flo says. "People are actually having thoughts, and it's really hard to compete with that." "Tell me about it," says Beau. "My wife is not talking. It's really scary when she goes silent." I have no idea what's going to happen. "The people she knows, you know?" "I'm glad I don't have those problems." Flo responds, "But what am I going to do if we can't pull this off?" I got bills, you're all paid up on your shit." Beau responds. "People trust us less than they trust Congress; I'm not sure how much longer we can keep this up." My wife has been doing a lot of whispering on the phone, it's making me really nervous." "Make my face whiter! Bring out the darkness in my eyes! Put heavy eye lines on it!" I need to scare these people!" Flo screams at her makeup artist, who is doing her best to hide Flo's dark skin skin in order to create a frenetic sense of urgency.  DAY THREE OF FLASH FICTION AUGUST, OR FLASH AUGUST FICTION. WHICHEVER YOU LIKE, THAT’S FINE. As his stylist opens another can of mousse for his hair, Beau is nervously looking at his phone. He fidgets in his chair and reels his head back and forth. "She keeps sending me these cryptic messages." He says it quietly, almost under his breath. "I can't believe they missed." Flo says assertively. "What the hell is going on? How am I supposed to sell this as a psy-op?!" "What's that?" Beau asks. "Oh, nothing; I'm just talking to myself over here." She continues. "What are we supposed to do with the people out there all starting to wake up?" They're all starting to talk together and listen to one another." This is going to screw everything all up. "We can't live like this!" She says. "Well," Beau says, "they're going to have to learn how to be grateful for what they're given." We can't afford to let the conversation the people are having interfere with the plan. We have to stay the course." They'll accept it, or it will just get worse for them." "Shiiit," Flo says. "It's gonna get worse for them anyway." They feel like they don't have anything to lose by speaking out." "Well, that's their decision then." Beau says. "They'd better think better of it." Flo's make-up artist turns on the show light and hands Flo a mirror. Flo angles her head in several poses and then tilts her head with a gigantic saccharine smile that allows her thinly veiled anger to show through. "I think that will do." She says. "They'll get the picture." Flo turns to Beau, who has a forboding despondence that is growing more obvious by the moment. She asks him, "you OK, boo? "You need me to get you something?" He doesn't notice that she's talking to him. She reaches over and touches his shoulder. He jumps, "Wha.. wh..what.. what's wrong?" His phone is jarred loose, and he fumbles it, but it lands in his lap. Flo answers. "I said, Are you OK? Do you need me to get you something?" "Oh," he responds, no, it's ok, I keep it in my drawer, but it's ok, the safety is on." Flo is taken aback. "Whaaat?" "Nothing, break a leg out there." He says. "OK, you too," she says. "Say hi to Mila for me." The End. **Catherine Valentine is the Politics Editor at Substack.** [An Open Letter to Catherine Valentine](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/an-open-letter-to-substack-catherine-valentine) [Join me for Flash August Fiction](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/).  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/634609

@ 56a6da9b:7f5a2243

[What is “OVALS”?](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/ovals-is-a-science-fiction-podcast-ufo-uap) If you listened to yesterday’s podcast about [Dragon’s, Plato, and Socrates](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/socrates-was-canceled-plato-was-virtue-signaling), you know that I’m starting up another [Flash Fiction Marathon](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/flash-fiction-february). Starting August 1st, I will be doing a flash fiction podcast a day for 30 days, [just like I did 29 in February](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/flash-fiction-february). I hope you will subscribe and join me for this challenge. Ovals is a series that came out of Flash Fiction. I’m going to be tightening it up and making it a separate podcast. This is something that can happen with Flash Fiction. [I think of Flash Fiction as pressing one’s subconscious into duty](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/a-flash-fiction-formula). **What is OVALS? It’s the tic-tacs the flyers saw over San Diego.** **OBJECTIVE VANTAGE ASTRONOMICAL LABORATORY SYSTEMS**  I’m not going to go into a lot of detail about what the OVALS are, how they were created, and the roles they serve. I want you to listen to the series, so I’m not going to get all into it here. There are two different types, and it has turned out to be a pretty fun story. FF s good for that. Sometimes things come up that you want to develop and run with, so, this is the OVALS series. This is something that would make a great TV show, or maybe a movie, I’d love that, of course. The first episode is the pilot. It will tell you everything you need to know. I have a villain now. That will be introduced in the second episode, which is really the 9th one that I’ve done, but I need to introduce the villain origin. It’s not really a villain, it’s just a rule breaker, that continues to do things that piss people off, but it is a villain in a sense, I think. Regardless, once you have a character like this, that’s when you have a real story. That’s when you have a real series. You can find all my stuff, my FF, my other developing series, and all my weird thinking at my [Substack](https://commercialherschel.substack.com). Substack is like a workspace, it’s a lot of finished ideas, unfinished ideas, dead ideas, and notes. That’s what it is for me. I hope you’ll be interested in getting yourself a paid subscription to my ‘stack so you can see all the old work I’ve done. But if you want to see all the fresh stuff, that costs nothing at all. Good for you. You’re welcome. Again. There are a lot of things I have to get tightened up to make it a cohesive series. But the core concept is unique, and now, there is a villain, and it will have an origin story. But the biggest clue, is that Ovaling is a preferred state. There is your big tease. What I’ve done below here is to give you the old podcast version of what will be the pilot of the OVALS series. It explains all the important, unique details about what they are. I un-paywalled it so you can listen for free. [Linear Time re-Entry Instructions](https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/ovals-e-36-ovals-linear-time-re-entry) I’m Commercial Herschel, and I’m here to help. Enjoy.  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/634575

@ bbba037f:33dd566c

### ฉบับเต็ม uncut version แบบดิบและเถื่อน* # Introduction Technology + Energy & power Technology ยิ่งมีการพัฒนามากขึ้น เราประหยัดเวลามากขึ้น แต่ยังไงเราก็ยังต้องใช้ Energy & power มากตามการพัฒนาอยู่ดี Consume & Saving > Time = เวลาในชีวิต 1. working 2. playing ยิ่งอยากมีเวลา playing เยอะๆ เราต้องยิ่งลงทุนในเวลา  100% produced > 75% To consume (ทำกิน) > 25% Saving for Capital Investment (ทำทุน) ต้องทำทุนต่อไป เพื่อสร้าง output เป็น product & service ต่อไปให้ผู้อื่นอีกเรื่อยๆ ##### savings เกิดจากการ give up on consumption # Money to Capital circulation > (SAVING** is mother of capital) เมื่อจะลงทุน (Investment) หรือ การนำไอเดียไปต่อยอดทำธุรกิจ (สร้าง Capital goods) สิ่งที่ต้องทำเป็นอันดับแรก คือ Finance  # How to finance it? 3 ways 1) own saving มี savings เองเท่าไหร่ 2) borrowing ยืมคนอื่น ที่เขามี savings (energy คนอื่น) อย่าลืมว่ามี cost เขาต้องได้ yields ของการเสียโอกาสในการลงทุนของเขา แต่เมื่อเป็นของเราแล้ว เรามี money = purchasing power > เปลี่ยนไปเป็นปัจจัยในการผลิต *money is not captital goods 3) Equity shares *พี่ชิตใช้เพื่อเปิดสาขา chit hole แบ่งความเป็นเจ้าของให้กับคนที่มี energy ###### เราอาจจะใช้ทั้ง 3 วิธี เพื่อให้ได้มาซึ่งปัจจัยการผลิต หรือ Capital goods ในที่สุด # ขั้นตอน Investing (Capital goods) + Labor / Land + production goods + Technology + Energy ทุกคนต้องแข่งขันกันเพื่อลดต้นทุน และ เพิ่ม productivity ผู้บริโภคควรต้องซื้อของถูกลง และ คุณภาพดีขึ้น จากเทคโนโลยีที่ดีขึ้น และ productivity ที่สูงขึ้น เพราะ Capital goods ก็สามารถถูก degraded ได้ ทำให้เกิดการแข่งขันตลอดเวลา เกิดการพัฒนาการผลิต แต่ในปัจจุบัน ทั้งผู้ผลิต (capitalists) และผู้บริโภค (consumers) ต่างต้องซื้อของที่แพงขึ้น และพบกับราคาสินค้าและปัจจัยการผลิตที่สูงขึ้นตลอดเวลา There's something wrong! **Treasury strategy (ยุทธศาสตร์การคลัง)** Capitalist จำเป็นต้องมียุทธศาสตร์การคลัง เก็บ Economic energy ไว้ (energy savings) เนื่องจากจำเป็นต้องใช้มันตลอดเวลา เพราะหลังเราผลิตอะไรได้ เราจะมี working capital หมุนเวียนอยู่ในขั้นตอนการผลิต อาจต้องเก็บไว้เป็นเงินสำรองเพื่อขยายเครื่องจักร เพิ่มความสามารถในการผลิต ไม่ใช่เป็น savings ทั้งหมด **Trading & Exchange** หลัง producing จนเกิด Consumer goods คือ product และ service สุดท้ายจะได้ money กลับมา และวนกลับไปสู่กระบวนการผลิตต่อไป # Credit Expansion  **Bank is the money multiplier** Savings ที่เราเก็บไว้ ทำไมมันเสื่อมค่าตลอดเวลา ? **Bank (Fractional-reserve banking)** Bank create new money supply ไปในระบบ (Inflation) และทำให้ระบบ Loan ไม่ไปที่ production สุดท้าย Loan ไปที่ Consumption ซึ่งการเข้าไปที่ Consumption จะทำให้เราบริโภคผลผลิตจากอนาคต Production LOAN: (ฝั่ง Investment) > Capitalist investing capital for future expected profit Consumption LOAN: (ฝั่ง Spending) > Consumer spending expected future productive value now สุดท้ายการเก็บหอมรอมริบจากในอดีตถูกทำลาย เกิด Inflation เศรษฐกิจย่ำแย่ รัฐบาลกระตุ้นเศรษฐกิจโดยการสร้างหนี้เพื่อการจับจ่าย (spending) มากกว่าการสร้าง Capital (investment) ความมั่งคั่งของประเทศ ต้องลงที่ capital production + capitalist (ความสามารถในการผลิต) เกิดสังคมที่รุ่งเรือง ไม่ใช่การ spending! **เราควร work มากกว่าแดก*** # สรุปภาพรวม #  การทำ Credit expansion via Fractional-reserve banking > เกิด money supply เข้าสู่ระบบ *Inflation* > Devalue พลังงานของ Capitalists ในการปรับปรุงปัจจัยในการผลิต (cost สูงขึ้นไปเรื่อยๆ) มันคือ **การเติมน้ำในแก้วเบียร์พี่ชิต!** อำนาจในการแลกเปลี่ยนของพี่ชิตถูกถอยออกไปหลายก้าว ไม่สามารถเปลี่ยน machine ในการผลิตได้ ของราคาแพงขึ้น อำนาจลดลง ความฝันในการเป็นนายทุน (capitalist) นายทุนน้อย เถ้าแก่น้อย เกิดไม่ได้ ประเทศนี้จะมั่งคั่งได้ ต้องเพิ่มนายทุนน้อย ซึ่งยาก เพราะเราสู้คนมี Credit ไม่ได้ เราสร้าง Savings จาก Productivity เป็นพลังงานสะอาดที่เกิดจาก POW แต่ Loan ของ bank เป็นอำนาจในการเสก & เปลี่ยน record ทำให้ money ในระบบเพิ่มขึ้น Capital มีจำนวนจำกัด แต่ทั้ง **POW (พลังงานสะอาด)** และ **LOAN (พลังงานในอนาคต)** ดันมีศักดิ์ศรี & อำนาจในการไล่ล่า Capital และอำนาจในการแลกเปลี่ยนเท่ากัน คนตัวเล็กๆ อีกหลายแสนในประเทศนี้ที่ฝันอยากเป็นนายทุนน้อยจะเกิดได้อย่างไร แทบจะเป็นไปไม่ได้เลย ดังนั้น ประเทศเรา ‘นายทุนน้อย’ ตายลงเรื่อยๆ เหลือแต่นายทุนใหญ่ไม่กี่คน การเกิด Inflation ยิ่งทำให้ผู้ที่ไม่มี Capital ยิ่งยากที่จะเข้าใกล้การมี ในขณะที่ผู้ที่มี Capital อยู่แล้วเท่านั้นจึงจะอยู่ได้ ถ้าเราต้องเป็นหนี้จริงๆ การเป็นหนี้เพื่อเพิ่มความสามารถในการแข่งขัน & เพื่อการเป็นนายทุนน้อย พี่ชิตสนับสนุนความคิดนี้ แต่โลกความเป็นจริง ไม่มีรัฐไหน ที่สนับสนุนนโยบายนี้ รัฐสนใจแค่คนที่มีอำนาจโหวตอยู่ในมือ ถ้าเรายังอยู่ในระบบ Fiat money (Credit money system) ยากมากที่จะเกิด Civilization & Wealth แก่ประเทศนี้ ซึ่งต้นเหตุที่แท้จริง คือ **Fractional-reserve banking**** วันนี้เรามีทางเลือก มี tool ใหม่ **SAVING is mother of capital**** แต่คำนี้ไม่จริงในระบบเงิน fiat ### The best saving technology = Bitcoin! **Fuck you, bank (พี่ชิตกล่าวไว้)** เถ้าแก่น้อย ต้องรู้จัก **Bitcoin*** และ ชาติที่รุ่งเรือง เกิดจากการมี Capital goods ที่ดี ### Make Saving Great Again ! #siamstr ปอลอ บทความนี้ไม่รวมเนื้อหาส่วน Q&A ปอลอ2 วนๆ ตามแผนภาพนี้ เข้าใจที่สุดแล้ว ใช้ได้กับทุกธุรกิจ ปอลอ3 อ่านถึงตรงนี้ก็ชนคับชน cheers!

@ bbba037f:33dd566c

### ฉบับเต็ม uncut version* ### เนื้อหาโฟกัสที่ Austrian economics #  # Human Action  เกิดภายใต้ช้อยของ Scarcity ทุก Human action จะมี reason เพื่อ เป้าหมาย & purpose ไม่ว่า reason นั้นจะ Correct or False Human Action เป็น mean เพื่อบรรลุเป้าหมาย Human Action มองเห็นได้เชิงกายภาพ แต่ Reason (เหตุผล) มันอยู่ในหัว จับต้องไม่ได้ เช่นเดียวกับ Need และ Want ที่จับต้องไม่ได้ เราต้องพัฒนา Reason ให้มันนำไปสู่เป้าหมายได้เร็วและบ่อยครั้งขึ้น Scarcity > เป็นเรื่องสัจจะ / ถาวร Want กับ Need ไม่มีข้อจำกัด มันง่ายกว่าการสร้าง Human Action วิ่งบนแกนเวลาหรือ Time เวลาบนโลกใบนี้มีจำกัด นั่นคือ Scarcity นั่นคือ Death line หรือ When ในชีวิตเรา มันทำให้เราต้องตัดสินใจเลือก / เปรียบเทียบ Value Value ตีค่าไม่ได้ แต่เปรียบเทียบกันได้ แต่ value ไม่มีค่าคงที่ถาวร เปลี่ยนแปลงตามสถานการณ์ #### นั่นคือ Human Action is under scarcity*  Animal Action based on 'instinct' Human Action based on 'reason' Human มีสมองที่พัฒนาขึ้นมา เกิด rational # Value  **Value is subjective** **Price** ไม่เท่ากับ Value และเกิดจาก Exchange Price ไม่ได้เกิดจาก Demand & Supply มาตัดกัน (ซึ่ง **Money supply** มีผลมากระทบ Price ด้วยเหมือนกัน) ขยายความ Value is subjective คือ คุณค่าอยู่ในสมองของเรา ไม่ได้อยู่ใน Object ขึ้นกับเวลาและสถานที่ **(PLACE & TIME condition)** # Making - Distributing - Retailing ### Maker = กลุ่มคนลงท้ายด้วย -er สร้าง output ที่มีประโยชน์ต่อผู้อื่น แต่สุดท้าย benefit อยู่ที่ Distributor & Retailer กลายเป็นว่ากลุ่ม Maker ยังจนอยู่ เช่น Photographer, Developer, farmer, etc. Maker เมื่อผลิต output ออกมาแล้ว เรียกว่า กระบวนการ '**Inside out**' เพื่อส่งมอบผลิตภัณฑ์ออกมา แต่ตามหลัก Austrian เบียร์ที่ผลิตออกมาได้ เป็น Subjective อยู่ในสมองของคนที่อยากกินเบียร์แก้วนี้ หากอยากทำให้เบียร์มีคุณค่าต้องทำ กระบวนการ '**Outside in**' มองเห็นเบียร์แก้วนี้แล้ว Appreciate / Fall in love / Fresh (สดชื่น) ### Retailer (พี่ชิต appreciate กลุ่มคนนี้*) จะเป็นผู้สร้างมูลค่าของสินค้าตัวนั้นขึ้นมา (**ทำ Marketing & Sale**) จนคนซื้อเกิด feeling / need / want ขึ้นมา ประเทศเรายังขาดการ communicate ในส่วนนี้อีกมาก ทำให้สินค้าหลายอย่างในประเทศไม่สามารถสื่อสารเชิงจิตวิทยาให้กับลูกค้าเพื่อรู้สึก appreciate ในน้ำพักน้ำแรงของ Maker เรายังพัฒนาได้อีกเยอะ (พี่ชิต ยกตัวอย่าง ญี่ปุ่น & เกาหลี ที่ทำได้ดีมาก) #### ดังนั้น Maker ต้องเข้าใจคำว่า Value ที่สร้างด้วยกลุ่ม Retailer # บทสรุป  Value (Money > Good > Desire/Need/Want/Drive) >1. Money = ‘the power to exchange’ (สิ่งที่ผู้คนอยากได้จริงๆ) >2. Good (สินค้าและบริการ) = Utility Good คือ mean ของ *Desire/Need/Want/Drive เช่น ซื้อโค้กเพราะอยาก feel fresh สื่อถึงว่า ‘Value is in your head’ คนเราอยากได้ Good เพื่อ fulfill feeling & value ต่างๆ ของเขา #siamstr ปอลอ1 เนื้อหาไม่รวมส่วน Q&A ปอลอ2 เพิ่งว่างมาสรุปเนื้อหาย้อนหลัง ปอลอ3 พี่ชิต อธิบายได้ลึกซึ้งและเห็นภาพมาก ปอลอ4 ใครโดดเรียนอย่าให้รู้วววนะ ปอลอ5 ใครอ่านจบ cheers 🍻

@ 6ad3e2a3:c90b7740

I know many of you are frustrated there are people who still won’t take the covid injections. The problem is you’re going about it the wrong way. Below I list steps you can take that will result in universal uptake: **Stop Calling Them “Vaccine Hesitant”** If you were trying to persuade a vegan to up his B-12 intake by eating meat, you wouldn’t get far by labeling him “steak hesitant.” “Oh, I see, you’re just ‘steak hesitant’ must be that hippie propaganda you’re reading. Steak hesitant people like you…” Insulting people’s choices won’t get you anywhere. Try, “I see you don’t like being coerced to take medicine via threats to your basic rights and ability to earn a livelihood, that’s understandable. Let me persuade you why getting an mRNA jab is a good _medical_ choice.” And then you’ll have to make your case, which, at the moment is not especially strong (particularly with respect to healthy, younger people, many of whom have already had covid), but that brings us to… **Lobby For More Aggressive Gain Of Function Research** Frankly, the Wuhan Lab didn’t do its best work. Covid is deadly for people with pre-existing conditions, metabolic disorders and [the elderly](https://twitter.com/justin_hart/status/1448162678556356610/photo/1), but it’s insufficiently so to kill many healthy people under 70. The overall [IFR is about 0.2 percent, with the vast majority of that group either old or sick](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33716331/). To incentivize independent-minded younger people the next lab leak needs to be a far more lethal strain. If we can get one as contagious as covid, but with an equal opportunity IFR above 15 percent, now we’re cooking with gas. When your 30-year old cousin, both your parents, several of your work colleagues, Kyrie Irving, Aaron Rodgers, Novak Djokovic, 25 members of Congress and a few cabinet members are dead, [that will get their attention](https://twitter.com/MarySmi10379520/status/1416232217840287744?s=20&t=cCQx6U1cikL0KOFacWRT0g). **Commission Vaccines From New Companies** While many who decline the mRNA shot are no doubt victims of disinformation — believing theories that government and large pharmaceutical companies are conspiring to enrich themselves first and foremost without proper regard for safety — it would be harder for them to connect those dots if you used more scrupulous providers. For example, it’s less than ideal that Johnson and Johnson just paid a [settlement of five billion dollars](https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/nevada-join-26-billion-opioid-settlement-with-jj-drug-distributors-2022-01-04/) for their part in the opioid crisis and [Pfizer settled for 2.3 billion](https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-09-03/pfizer-fine-should-act-as-deterrent/1417140) for marketing a drug as a pain killer that even the rubber-stamping FDA refused to approve for that purpose, while allegedly paying kickbacks to doctors to prescribe it. It was apparently the fourth settlement for Pfizer since 2002, and that excludes the experimental drug anti-meningitis drug, Trovan [that killed 11 children](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14493277) and disabled dozens more in 1996. It’s insane to think that means anything about these miracle products in 2022, the motive for which was so obviously public health and ending the pandemic, but you have to admit it’s not a great look. **Keep Vaccine Companies On The Hook For Adverse Events** There was never a need to [waive liability](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/16/covid-vaccine-side-effects-compensation-lawsuit.html) for vaccine makers for adverse effects because everyone knows the mRNA shot is safe and effective. Yes, you hear [anecdotal](https://medalerts.org/vaersdb/findfield.php?TABLE=ON&GROUP1=CAT&EVENTS=ON&VAX=COVID19&VAXTYPES=COVID-19) [accounts](https://dailytelegraph.co.nz/news/pfizer-document-concedes-that-there-is-a-large-increase-in-types-of-adverse-event-reaction-to-its-vaccine/) of heart problems and strokes, but both have always been [common](https://people.com/health/blood-clots-like-hailey-biebers-are-happening-in-younger-and-younger-people/) in [young people](https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2022/03/14/1086345393/strokes-young-people-hailey-bieber). Growing up, a few of my friends undoubtedly had heart attacks and strokes in grade school, though they were probably just under-diagnosed back then. I understand why the companies want to waive liability — it’s wrong to require legal accountability when these heroes are busy saving so many lives, but there’s no need for it when you have such a safe product. It just feeds unfounded suspicion. **Create A Vaccine That Stops The Spread** Obviously, we know vaccines don’t have to stop the spread entirely to be effective. Look up the [definition of vaccine](https://twitter.com/RepThomasMassie/status/1435606845926871041?s=20&t=5EIgymJ3ocpwtqFQyTZ9Sw) — nowhere does it list that as a requirement. But if it actually [stopped transmission in some material way](https://twitter.com/lienomail/status/1467394708594954242/photo/1), you’d be in a better position to argue for its uptake, citing the benefit it might have for the people around them. Now, people are just trying the “you’re taking up an ICU bed” angle, which doesn’t make much sense to young, healthy people, barring a far deadlier strain. **Permit Useless Early Treatments** One big mistake that was made was [banning and discouraging](https://brownstone.org/articles/early-outpatient-treatment-for-covid-19-the-evidence/) phony, yet harmless treatments like Ivermectin, Hydroxychloroquine and even Vitamin D. All that did was make people think they worked, and feed [false conspiracy theories](https://www.biznews.com/thought-leaders/2021/05/12/mailbox-ivermectin) that they were funneling people toward the vaccine. Useless treatments should be encouraged so anyone who knows people who tried them can see how little good they did. **Don’t Bribe People** I love donuts as much as the next person with metabolic syndrome, but giving people [food, money and even weed](https://fortune.com/2021/03/23/covid-vaccine-freebies-card-cdc-krispy-kreme-donuts-free-weed-marijuana-cannabis-food-uber-lyft-rides-running-list-discounts/) just makes you look desperate. If you want to make something seem enticing, you’ve got to market it as something I’m lucky to get, not something you’re begging me to take. **Choose Better Spokespeople** I know Bill Gates is one of the [biggest investors in the space](https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/23/bill-gates-turns-10-billion-into-200-billion-worth-of-economic-benefit.html), but is it really necessary to have someone, who was [paling around with](https://www.wsj.com/articles/melinda-gates-was-meeting-with-divorce-lawyers-since-2019-to-end-marriage-with-bill-gates-11620579924) convicted underage sex offender Jeffery Epstein, as your go-to vaccine promoter? **Amend The US Constitution And Nuremberg Code** It’s annoying we have these anachronistic documents that didn’t contemplate the spread of a deadly pandemic, but unfortunately, The [Fourth Amendment](https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/fourth_amendment) requiring people to be secure in their “persons,” and the [Nuremberg Code](https://research.unc.edu/human-research-ethics/resources/ccm3_019064/) which requires consent for medical procedures are still The Supreme Law Of The Land, and International Law, respectively. A little carve-out saying, “unless there’s a deadly pandemic” would go a long way toward granting the requisite legal authority. **Stiffer Consequences For Those Who Refuse** Let’s be honest. There’s nothing more important than public health, and getting everyone vaccinated is the optimal way to achieve that aim. It’s unfortunate it would have to come to this, but we can’t let the selfish actions of a few imperil the good of the many who do as instructed. Actions have consequences! If the first nine steps are ineffective, you could imprison, torture or simply exterminate those who decline this medical option, something for which there is historical precedent in the last century.  I can assure you these 10 steps will result in 100 percent uptake. Hopefully it doesn’t come to step 10, but you have to ask yourself, do you care about preserving the rights of the privileged few, or are you willing to do what it takes for public health and the greater good of society? I hope the answer is as clear for you as it is for me.

@ 6bae33c8:607272e8

This is an overall list for 12-team NFFC PPR leagues _as of August 3, 2024_. **Note:** Rankings are real, but comments are not meant to be taken seriously. Warning: many, if not most, are stupid, though it can't be worse than [last year’s](https://www.realmansports.com/p/snarky150).  _(Right-click, open in new tab to enlarge)_

@ a853296a:209e695f

What's up stackers! Trying something new posting to the tech territory. **CASCDR TLDR:** CASCDR is a collection of Lightning Powered AI services/applications. **Post TLDR:** We have just released a big upgrade to our RSS Agent! You can now explore podcasts, and seamlessly integrate them with LLM workflows. This will allow you to condense podcast content/create more content based on a given podcast selected through the explorer! We have a new release LIVE. As discussed on this [post](https://stacker.news/items/621497) and on [SNL](https://youtu.be/SsZcVQZ20Ik?list=PLKnVil22cJNzDABNpAQ2JecRzU3SUtV8V&t=3068) last week, YouTube started playing major defense! So we adapted our YouTube Agent into an RSS Agent. Now the RSS Agent is back and better with V2! Due to time constraints we had to ship a very basic version last week. Now RSS Agent is fully equipped!  _he's baaaaaaack_ ## Key Updates: - Search & explore any podcast feed - Pull any episode of interest - Run analysis of the episode transcript with 5 pre-determined prompts - OR roll your own custom prompt to put together written content of your choosing! ## Workflow/Details:  _Step 1: Search for your favorite podcast like @ThrillerX_ _  _Step 2: Select/Configure Your Prompt & Select the Podcast Episode_  _Step 3: Inspect Your Result and/or Copy to Clipboard_ Looking forward to the feedback in the comments! If this post triggers ideas of more you want to do with AI, tell us what you want us to build! Cheers, The CASCDR Team originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/633849

@ 06830f6c:34da40c5

Hey there, readers! 👋 We're buzzing with excitement to bring you the latest updates in the world of Bitcoin, the Lightning Network, Nostr apps, and more. **🌟 What’s New in Bitcoin and Beyond?** * **Exciting App Updates** 💼 - **StatechainJS by @supertestnet**: This revolutionary tech is a robust alternative to ecash, allowing you to recover your funds even if the mint goes offline. It’s a game-changer for transaction reliability. - **Nostr Web Services Code by @asmogo**: Transform the way you host web services with this new code. No public IP or DNS is needed—just an npub and Nostr relays. 🌐 - **Nutsack by @pablof7z**: Say hello to Nutsack, a wallet integrated with Nostr. Accessible from any compatible Nostr client, it opens up new possibilities within the Nostr ecosystem. 🧩 - **LNBits Bounty**: LNBits is on the hunt for developers to create a Nostr Wallet Connect service and extension. If you’re a developer, this is your chance to shine and earn a substantial bounty! 💰️ - **Proton Wallet Launch**: Introducing Proton Wallet—a safer way to manage Bitcoin with self-custodial features and transactions via encrypted email addresses. Discover more about it here. 🔐 - **Phoenix Wallet Update**: Phoenix Wallet has just rolled out a major update, adding BOLT12 support. Enjoy reusable payment requests, contact lists, and message attachments for enhanced Bitcoin transactions. Check out the details here. 🚀 - **Lava Vault Introduction**: Lava Vault has launched a self-custodial wallet that allows you to buy Bitcoin, borrow dollars, and transact globally, all without any fees. 🔒️ * **New Releases and Innovations** 🌎️ - **Bitrefill Card in Europe**: The Bitrefill card is now publicly available in Europe, making Bitcoin spending easier than ever. 💳️ - **Satlantis by Svetvski**: Discover Satlantis—a new social network for travelers and nomads that connects global tribes and fosters a vibrant, worldwide community. 🌍️ **🚀 Major Announcement: Alby Hub is Here!** The wait is finally over! Alby Hub is now live and ready for everyone to explore. Whether you're a long-time Alby enthusiast or just joining us, you can now experience the ultimate self-custodial solution. Alby Hub is a fully open-source, sovereign wallet that you can run on your device or access for free through us, with a modest monthly fee. That’s all for this edition of Bitcoin talks Nostr talks Wallet talks. We hope you’re as excited about these updates as we are! Stay tuned for more news and enjoy diving into these fantastic new developments. #Bitbiashara #nostr Catch you next time! 🚀

@ 08f96856:ffe59a09

> อย่างที่เราทราบกัน Bitcoin เป็นระบบการเงินที่มีจุดแข็งในเรื่องการกระจายศูนย์และความปลอดภัย แต่มันก็มีข้อจำกัดที่สำคัญเช่นกันครับ ลองนึกภาพว่าคุณกำลังจะซื้อกาแฟสักแก้วด้วย Bitcoin แต่คุณต้องรอถึง 10 นาทีกว่าการทำธุรกรรมจะเสร็จสิ้นสมบูรณ์ และบางครั้งค่าธรรมเนียมก็อาจจะแพงกว่าค่ากาแฟเสียอีก นี่เป็นปัญหาที่ทำให้หลายคนลังเลที่จะใช้ Bitcoin ในชีวิตประจำวันครับ เพื่อแก้ปัญหานี้ lightning Network จึงถูกพัฒนาขึ้นเพื่อเป็น layer ที่สองบน Bitcoin ช่วยให้สามารถทำธุรกรรมได้เร็วขึ้นและมีค่าธรรมเนียมต่ำลง โดยไม่ต้องรอการยืนยันธุรกรรมบน blockchain แต่ lightning Network ก็มีความท้าทายของมันเองครับ การใช้งานมันไม่ได้ง่ายสำหรับทุกคน โดยเฉพาะความซับซ้อนในการจัดการ lightning node และการจัดสรรสภาพคล่อง ซึ่งไม่เหมาะสำหรับผู้ใช้ทั่วไป หากใครเคยได้ลองศึกษาการรัน lightning node ก็จะทราบดีว่า มันไม่ง่ายเลย ต้องใช้ความรู้ทางเทคนิคสูงมาก ดังนั้นในปัจจุบัน จึงมีบริการ Custodial เกิดขึ้นเพื่อจัดการความซับซ้อนเหล่านี้แทนผู้ใช้ โดยผู้ให้บริการ Custodial นี้เสนอตัวเป็นคนจัดการกระเป๋าหรือ lightning node นั้นให้กับผู้ใช้ แต่ก็แลกมาด้วยความเสี่ยงที่สำคัญ ที่อาจทำให้ผู้ใช้สูญเสียความเป็นส่วนตัวและเสี่ยงต่อการถูกควบคุมโดยคนอื่นครับ ในสถานการณ์นี้ ผู้ใช้ Bitcoin บน lightning network ก็ต้องตัดสินใจว่าจะเลือกทางไหนดีระหว่างสองทางเลือก ทางเลือกแรกคือ การจัดการ lightning node ด้วยตัวเอง ซึ่งมีความซับซ้อนและต้องใช้ความรู้ทางเทคนิคสูง หรือ ทางเลือกที่สอง คือการใช้บริการ Custodial ที่สะดวกกว่า แต่ก็ต้องยอมรับความเสี่ยงที่มาพร้อมกับมัน อย่างไรก็ตาม หากเลือกใช้บริการ Custodial ผู้ใช้ก็สามารถบริหารความเสี่ยงได้โดยการฝาก Bitcoin ไว้ในจำนวนที่น้อย เท่าที่ยอมรับความเสี่ยงได้เท่านั้นครับ และนี่คือจุดที่ Chaumian e-cash เข้ามามีบทบาทสำคัญ โดยนำเสนอทางเลือกที่อาจช่วยแก้ไขข้อจำกัดของทั้ง Bitcoin และ lightning network ได้ ในหัวข้อถัดไป เราจะมาทำความเข้าใจว่า Chaumian e-cash คืออะไร และมันจะช่วยแก้ปัญหาที่กล่าวมาได้อย่างไร เราจะมาคุยกันต่อในหัวข้อถัดไปนะครับ # Chaumian e-cash คืออะไร? เรามาลองนึกถึงการใช้เงินสดในชีวิตประจำวันกันก่อนครับ โดยปกติแล้วเวลาที่เราใช้เงินสด เราก็แค่ยื่นธนบัตรหรือเหรียญให้กัน รู้กันเพียงแค่สองคน คือผู้จ่ายกับผู้รับ ไม่ต้องมีใครอื่นมารับรู้ว่าเราใช้จ่ายอะไร มันให้ความเป็นส่วนตัวสูงมากใช่ไหมครับ Chaumian e-cash ก็เช่นเดียวกันครับ มันถูกออกแบบมาให้ทำงานเป็นเงินสดอิเล็กทรอนิกส์หรือ e-cash ในโลกดิจิทัล เราสามารถส่งเงินให้ใครก็ได้โดยตรง โดยที่ไม่มีคนอื่นรู้ว่าคุณใช้จ่ายอะไร แม้แต่ mint หรือธนาคาร (ต่อไปนี้จะขอเรียกว่า mint นะครับ) ที่ออก e-cash ให้เราก็ไม่รู้ด้วยซ้ำ นี่คือความพิเศษของ Chaumian e-cash ที่พยายามนำความเป็นส่วนตัวของเงินสดมาไว้ในโลกดิจิทัลครับ ย้อนกลับไปในช่วงทศวรรษ 1980 มีนักวิทยาศาสตร์คอมพิวเตอร์คนหนึ่งชื่อ David Chaum เขาเป็นทั้งนักเข้ารหัสลับและผู้ริเริ่มแนวคิด cypherpunk ซึ่งเชื่อในเรื่องความเป็นส่วนตัวและการลดการพึ่งพาตัวกลาง e-cash ของ Chaum นี้มีความพิเศษตรงที่ใช้เทคนิคที่เรียกว่า "blind signature" ครับ ลองนึกภาพว่า blind signature ทำงานคล้าย ๆ กับการใช้กระดาษคาร์บอนในการเซ็นเอกสารครับ มาดูทีละขั้นตอนตามภาพข้างล่างกันนะครับ  *การอธิบาย blind signatures โดย David Chaum เปรียบเทียบกับการประทับลายเซ็นบนข้อความโดยใช้กระดาษคาร์บอน (อ้างอิง: https://fedimint.org/docs/CommonTerms/Blind%20Signatures)* 1. ขั้นแรก เราเขียนข้อความลงบนกระดาษ แล้วใส่กระดาษนั้นลงในซองจดหมายที่มีกระดาษคาร์บอนอยู่ข้างใน นี่เหมือนกับการ blind หรือ "ปิดบัง" เนื้อหาของข้อความครับ 2. ต่อมา เราส่งซองจดหมายนี้ให้คนที่จะเซ็นรับรอง เขาจะเซ็นชื่อลงบนซองโดยกดปากกาแรง ๆ ทำให้ลายเซ็นติดลงบนกระดาษข้างในผ่านกระดาษคาร์บอน แต่เขาไม่สามารถเห็นข้อความจริง ๆ ได้ 3. สุดท้าย เมื่อเราได้ซองจดหมายกลับมา เมื่อเปิดซองออกมาเราจะได้กระดาษที่มีทั้งข้อความของเราและลายเซ็นรับรอง โดยที่ผู้เซ็นไม่เคยเห็นเนื้อหาของข้อความเลย นี่แหละครับคือหลักการของ Blind signature ในระบบ Chaumian e-cash เราสามารถขอให้ mint เซ็นรับรอง e-cash ของเราได้ โดยที่ mint ไม่รู้ว่ากำลังเซ็นรับรองเหรียญไหนอยู่ ทำให้ mint ไม่สามารถติดตามการใช้จ่ายของเราได้ในภายหลัง เป็นการรักษาความเป็นส่วนตัวได้อย่างดีเยี่ยมครับ แล้ว Chaumian e-cash ทำงานยังไงล่ะ? ลองมาดูตามภาพข้างล่างกันทีละขั้นตอนนะครับ  *การทำงานของ Chaumian e-cash* 1. สมมติว่า Alice ขอให้ mint ออก e-cash ให้ครับ ตรงนี้แหละที่เทคนิค blind signature เข้ามามีบทบาท Alice จะ "ปิดบัง" ข้อมูลของ e-cash ก่อนส่งให้ mint ลงลายเซ็นต์หรือ signature โดยที่ mint ไม่รู้ว่ากำลังลงลายเซ็นต์บน e-cash ตัวไหน 2. ต่อมา Alice อยากส่งเงินให้เพื่อนชื่อ Bob ก็แค่เพียงส่ง e-cash นั้นไปให้ Bob โดยไม่ต้องผ่าน mint เหมือนกับการส่งเงินสดจริง ๆ เลยครับ 3. แล้ว Bob จะรู้ได้ยังไงว่าเงินที่คุณส่งให้นั้นใช้ได้จริง? Bob สามารถเอา e-cash นั้นไปตรวจสอบกับ mint ได้ครับ mint จะยืนยันว่า e-cash นั้นถูกต้อง แต่จะไม่รู้เลยว่าเป็น e-cash ที่ออกให้ Alice ที่น่าสนใจก็คือ Chaumian e-cash ต่างจากบริการ custodial ที่จัดการเงินทุนแบบเห็นทุกอย่าง ผู้ดูแล mint จะไม่รู้เลยว่ามีผู้ใช้กี่คน ไม่รู้ว่าผู้ใช้เป็นใคร ไม่รู้ยอดเงินในบัญชี และไม่รู้ประวัติการทำธุรกรรมครับ นอกจากนี้ การทำธุรกรรมผ่าน mint ยังมีค่าใช้จ่ายต่ำ และสามารถทำได้โดยไม่มีข้อจำกัดอีกด้วย ที่สำคัญ ระบบนี้สามารถป้องกันการใช้เงินซ้ำ (double spending) ได้ด้วยครับ เพราะทุกครั้งที่มีการใช้ e-cash mint จะบันทึกไว้ ถ้า Alice พยายามใช้ e-cash ตัวเดิมอีก mint ก็จะรู้ทันทีและปฏิเสธการทำธุรกรรมนั้น วิธีนี้ทำให้ Chaumian e-cash รักษาความเป็นส่วนตัวของผู้ใช้ได้สูง แต่ก็ยังคงความปลอดภัยทางการเงินไว้ได้ด้วยครับ เป็นระบบที่นำข้อดีของเงินสดมาไว้ในโลกดิจิทัลนั่นเองครับ # การแบ่งย่อย e-cash สมมติว่า Alice มี e-cash มูลค่า 100 sat แต่ต้องการจ่ายค่ากาแฟให้ Bob เพียง 30 sat Alice จะสามารถจ่ายเงินให้ Bob ได้อย่างไร? Chaumian e-cash มีคุณสมบัติที่สำคัญอีกอย่างหนึ่งก็คือ "การแบ่งย่อย" หรือ split ครับ มันทำงานคล้าย ๆ กับการแลกเงินในชีวิตจริงเลยครับ ลองนึกภาพตามดังนี้ครับ 1. Alice ส่งคำขอไปยัง mint เพื่อแลก e-cash 100 sat เป็น e-cash มูลค่าย่อย คือ 30 sat และ 70 sat 2. mint จะสร้าง e-cash ใหม่ตามมูลค่าที่ Alice ขอ โดยใช้ blind signature เช่นเดิม ทำให้ mint ไม่รู้ว่า e-cash ใหม่เหล่านี้เชื่อมโยงกับ e-cash เดิมของ Alice อย่างไร 3. Alice จะได้รับ e-cash ใหม่กลับมา และสามารถใช้ e-cash มูลค่า 30 sat จ่ายให้ Bob ได้ทันที 4. ส่วน e-cash มูลค่า 70 sat ที่เหลือ Alice ก็สามารถเก็บไว้ใช้ในโอกาสต่อไป คล้าย ๆ กับเงินทอนนั่นเองครับ  *การแบ่งย่อย e-cash* การแบ่ง e-cash นี้ช่วยให้ผู้ใช้สามารถจ่ายเงินได้ตรงตามจำนวนที่ต้องการ ไม่ต้องกังวลว่าจะมีเหรียญย่อยไม่พอ มีความคล่องตัวสูง เลียนแบบการใช้เงินสดในชีวิตจริงได้อย่างใกล้เคียงมากขึ้น ทำให้ผู้ใช้สามารถจัดการเงินของตนได้อย่างอิสระและเป็นส่วนตัว โดยที่ mint ยังคงสามารถรักษาความปลอดภัยของระบบโดยรวมไว้ได้ครับ # Federated Mint: ลดการรวมศูนย์และเพิ่มความปลอดภัย Mint หรือผู้ออก e-cash นั้น แม้จะมีข้อดีหลายประการ แต่ก็ยังมีความเสี่ยงที่เราต้องคำนึงถึงครับ เหมือนกับบริการรับฝากเงินแบบรวมศูนย์ทั่วไป mint ก็อาจทำให้ผู้ใช้เผชิญกับความเสี่ยงในรูปแบบต่าง ๆ เช่น ผู้ดูแลระบบอาจหนีหายไปพร้อมกับเงินของผู้ใช้ หรือ การบริหารจัดการที่ผิดพลาดอาจนำไปสู่การสูญเสียเงินของผู้ใช้ แต่ไม่ต้องกังวลไปครับ เพราะเรามีวิธีแก้ปัญหานี้!! นั่นคือการทำให้การทำงานของ mint กระจายตัวออกไป หรือที่เรียกว่า "Federated Mint" วิธีการนี้คือ แทนที่จะมี mint เพียงแห่งเดียว เราจะมีหลาย ๆ mint ที่ทำงานร่วมกัน โดยทุกการดำเนินงานจะต้องได้รับการยืนยันจากกลุ่มของโหนดที่ควบคุมโดยหลายฝ่าย เพิ่มการกระจายศูนย์ โดยลดความเสี่ยงจากการพึ่งพา Mint เพียงแห่งเดียว อีกทั้งเพิ่มความสามารถในการขยายตัว (Scaling) รองรับผู้ใช้และธุรกรรมได้มากขึ้น ที่สำคัญ แต่ละ mint สามารถส่งเงินให้กันได้ผ่านทั้ง lightning network ทำให้ระบบโดยรวมมีประสิทธิภาพและความปลอดภัยสูงขึ้น การพัฒนา Federated Mints นี้ แสดงให้เห็นว่าเราสามารถนำข้อดีของ Chaumian e-cash มาใช้ โดยลดข้อเสียของระบบรวมศูนย์ลงได้ นับเป็นก้าวสำคัญในการพัฒนาระบบการเงินที่ทั้งปลอดภัย เป็นส่วนตัว และมีประสิทธิภาพสูงครับ  *การทำงานของ mints มากว่าหนึ่งแห่งทำงานร่วมกัน (อ้างอิง: https://bitlyrics.co/transcripts/cashu-for-bitcoin/)* # การประยุกต์ Chaumian e-cash กับ Bitcoin ในปัจจุบัน ปัจจุบันมีการนำแนวคิด Chaumian e-cash มาประยุกต์ใช้กับ Bitcoin แล้วครับ โดยมีสอง project หลักที่น่าสนใจ คือ Fedimint และ Cashu ลองมาดูรายละเอียดกันครับ ## Fedimint เป็นโปรโตคอลโอเพนซอร์สที่พัฒนาโดยบริษัท Fedi ซึ่งมีผู้สนับสนุนและนักลงทุนที่มีชื่อเสียง จุดเด่นของ Fedimint คือ สินทรัพย์ bitcoin จะถูกเก็บรักษาโดยหลายฝ่าย เรียกว่า "Guardian" ซึ่งรวมกันเป็น "Federation" ระบบการเก็บรักษาคล้ายกับ multisig wallet ที่ต้องการลายเซ็นจากหลายฝ่าย เหมาะสำหรับชุมชนขนาดใหญ่หรือผู้ให้บริการแพลตฟอร์มที่ต้องการให้บริการ lightning network ให้กับลูกค้าหรือสมาชิก Fedimint เรียกการ custody รูปแบบนี้ว่า "community custody" ซึ่งอยู่ระหว่าง self-custody และ full custody  *การทำงานของ Fedimint (อ้างอิง: https://fedimint.org/docs/GettingStarted/What-is-a-Fedimint)* ## Cashu เป็นแนวทางที่แตกต่างจาก Fedimint ครับ โดยใช้รูปแบบ single-mint setup คือมีผู้ดูแลเพียงรายเดียว ไม่ใช่หลายรายแบบ Fedimint จุดเด่นสำคัญของ Cashu ที่ทำให้มันแตกต่างคือ Cashu อนุญาตให้ตั้ง mint ได้ง่ายมากครับ แค่มี semi-custodial wallet เช่น LNbits ก็สามารถตั้ง mint ได้แล้ว ไม่จำเป็นต้องมีถึงระดับ full lightning node ซึ่งต้องใช้ทรัพยากรมากกว่า ด้วยความง่ายในการตั้ง mint นี้ ทำให้มี mint ให้เลือกใช้งานจำนวนมากครับ ผู้ใช้สามารถเลือก mint ที่เหมาะสมกับความต้องการของตนได้ แม้ว่า Cashu จะมีความปลอดภัยน้อยกว่า Fedimint ในแง่ของการมีผู้ดูแลเพียงรายเดียวต่อ mint แต่ด้วยความสามารถในการกระจาย e-cash ไปยัง mint หลาย ๆ แห่ง ก็ช่วยชดเชยความเสี่ยงนี้ได้บางส่วนครับ Cashu จึงเป็นทางเลือกที่น่าสนใจสำหรับผู้ที่ต้องการความยืดหยุ่นสูง ต้องการควบคุมการกระจายเงินของตนเอง และเหมาะสำหรับการใช้งานในวงแคบหรือในชุมชนขนาดเล็กถึงขนาดกลางครับ  *การทำงานของ Cashu (อ้างอิง: https://blockdyor.com/cashu/)* # บทสรุปส่งท้าย บทความนี้ เราได้เรียนรู้เกี่ยวกับ Chaumian e-cash และการประยุกต์ใช้กับ Bitcoin ผ่านสอง project หลัก คือ Fedimint และ Cashu ครับ แต่ละ project ก็มีจุดเด่นและเหมาะกับการใช้งานที่แตกต่างกันไป สำหรับผมแล้ว Cashu มีความน่าสนใจเป็นพิเศษครับ เพราะมันสามารถใช้งานได้ง่าย และเข้าถึงคนได้ง่ายกว่า ด้วยความสามารถในการตั้ง Mint ได้อย่างง่ายดาย ทำให้ Cashu มีศักยภาพในการขยายการใช้งานได้อย่างรวดเร็ว และเหมาะสำหรับการนำไปใช้ในชีวิตประจำวันของคนทั่วไปครับ ในบทความหน้า ผมจะพาท่านผู้อ่านเจาะลึกลงไปในเรื่องของ Cashu ครับ โดยจะอธิบายรายละเอียดเพิ่มเติมและสอนวิธีการใช้งาน Cashu เพื่อให้ท่านผู้อ่านสามารถนำไปทดลองใช้งานได้จริง และเข้าใจถึงประโยชน์ของ Chaumian e-cash ในชีวิตประจำวันได้มากขึ้นครับ หวังว่าบทความนี้จะช่วยให้ท่านเข้าใจภาพรวมของ Chaumian e-cash และการประยุกต์ใช้กับ Bitcoin ได้มากขึ้นนะครับ และอย่าลืมติดตามบทความถัดไปเกี่ยวกับ Cashu ที่จะมาเร็ว ๆ นี้ครับ ขอบคุณที่ติดตามอ่านครับ!!

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

In the realm of economic theory and practice, few topics generate as much debate as centralized economic planning. Proponents argue that it allows for coordinated and equitable allocation of resources, while critics highlight its inefficiencies and systemic flaws. I just want to look into the inherent shortcomings of centralized economic planning, focusing on the impossibility of aggregating and processing the vast amount of information required to make efficient decisions. Through a structured exploration of key points and real-world examples, we will look at why centralized planning often fails to achieve its intended goals. --- #### **The Mirage of Perfect Planning** Imagine a world where a single entity could flawlessly dictate the allocation of resources, ensuring optimal outcomes for all. While this vision of centralized economic planning might seem appealing, it is fundamentally unattainable. The sheer complexity and dynamic nature of economies render such centralized control impractical. This essay critiques centralized economic planning by examining its fundamental inefficiencies and the impossibility of handling the immense information required for effective decision-making.  #### **The Information Problem: A Fundamental Challenge** One of the central critiques of economic planning is the information problem, famously articulated by economist Friedrich Hayek. Hayek argued that no central authority could ever possess the dispersed and tacit knowledge held by individuals in a free market. **Key Points:** 1. **Dispersed Knowledge:** - In a market economy, knowledge is spread across countless individuals who possess unique information about their specific circumstances. Central planners cannot effectively gather and utilize this dispersed knowledge. - *Example:* A farmer in a remote village understands local soil conditions and market needs better than a distant bureaucrat. 2. **Dynamic and Ever-Changing Data:** - Economic data is constantly evolving, making it impossible for central planners to keep pace with real-time changes. This lag results in outdated or inaccurate decisions. - *During The Times Of The Soviet Era:* During the Soviet era, planners often relied on outdated production data, leading to shortages and surpluses.  #### **Incentive Structures and Innovation: The Human Element** Centralized planning also struggles with creating appropriate incentives for innovation and efficiency. Without the profit motive and competition, individuals and firms lack the drive to innovate and improve productivity. **Key Points:** 1. **Lack of Profit Motive:** - In centrally planned economies, the absence of profit incentives dampens entrepreneurial spirit and innovation. Entrepreneurs in a free market are motivated by the potential for profit, driving technological advancement and economic growth. - *All authoritative structures struggle for the popular narrative of freedom, but are the controllers of pro-censorship themselves:* The technological stagnation in centrally planned economies versus the rapid innovation seen in market economies like the United States. 2. **Bureaucratic Inefficiencies:** - Centralized planning often leads to cumbersome bureaucracies that stifle creativity and efficiency. Decisions are slowed by red tape, and innovative ideas are frequently ignored. - *Anecdote:* The inefficiencies of the bureaucratic system in the former Eastern Bloc countries often resulted in suboptimal production and resource allocation.  #### **Real-World Failures: Lessons from History** History provides numerous examples of the failures of centralized economic planning. These examples highlight the practical difficulties and negative outcomes associated with trying to control complex economies from the top down. **Key Examples:** 1. **The Soviet Union:** - The collapse of the Soviet economy is a poignant example of the failures of central planning. Chronic shortages, lack of consumer goods, and inefficiencies plagued the system until its eventual collapse. -  2. **Maoist China:** - During the Great Leap Forward, Mao Zedong's attempts at rapid industrialization and agricultural collectivization led to one of the deadliest famines in history. - [*Visual: Historical photograph depicting the effects of the Great Leap Forward.*](https://image.nostr.build/ce8b682b8638419977e68acccd27fccff055d695ebe4d9b15c15cf6903e46d00.jpg) #### **The Case for Decentralized Economies** Centralized economic planning is fundamentally flawed due to the impossibility of aggregating and processing the vast amount of information required for efficient decision-making. The dispersed knowledge of individuals, coupled with the dynamic nature of economic data, renders central planning ineffective. Moreover, the lack of appropriate incentives for innovation and efficiency further hampers centrally planned economies. History has shown us the dire consequences of attempting to control complex economies from the top down. As we move forward, embracing decentralized economic systems that leverage the power of individual choice and market mechanisms will be crucial for fostering innovation, efficiency, and economic prosperity. 

@ 8e7462a8:c723a97b

```js import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useContext, useRef } from 'react'; import axios from 'axios'; import { nip57, nip19 } from 'nostr-tools'; import { NostrContext } from '@/context/NostrContext'; import { lnurlEncode } from '@/utils/lnurl'; import { parseEvent } from '@/utils/nostr'; import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid'; const defaultRelays = [ "wss://nos.lol/", "wss://relay.damus.io/", "wss://relay.snort.social/", "wss://relay.nostr.band/", "wss://nostr.mutinywallet.com/", "wss://relay.mutinywallet.com/", "wss://relay.primal.net/" ]; const AUTHOR_PUBKEY = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_AUTHOR_PUBKEY; export function useNostr() { const pool = useContext(NostrContext); const subscriptionQueue = useRef([]); const lastSubscriptionTime = useRef(0); const throttleDelay = 2000; const processSubscriptionQueue = useCallback(() => { if (subscriptionQueue.current.length === 0) return; const currentTime = Date.now(); if (currentTime - lastSubscriptionTime.current < throttleDelay) { setTimeout(processSubscriptionQueue, throttleDelay); return; } const subscription = subscriptionQueue.current.shift(); subscription(); lastSubscriptionTime.current = currentTime; setTimeout(processSubscriptionQueue, throttleDelay); }, [throttleDelay]); const subscribe = useCallback( (filters, opts) => { if (!pool) return; const subscriptionFn = () => { return pool.subscribeMany(defaultRelays, filters, opts); }; subscriptionQueue.current.push(subscriptionFn); processSubscriptionQueue(); }, [pool, processSubscriptionQueue] ); const publish = useCallback( async (event) => { if (!pool) return; try { console.log('publishing event', event) const result = await Promise.any(pool.publish(defaultRelays, event)); console.log('result', result) console.log('Published event to at least one relay'); return true; } catch (error) { console.error('Failed to publish event:', error); return false; } }, [pool] ); ```

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

I really just wanted to give credit where credit is due. I'm not a podcaster, but I do listen to the [Podcasting 2.0](https://podcastindex.org/podcast/920666) podcast. I feel that Dave and Adam have done a ton for Bitcoin and Lightning just by working on the Podcasting 2.0 project. Their effort to figure out how to make donations easy for fans of podcasts I believe has really built a lot of uptake in the ecosystem. Many of us wouldn't be here, or maybe have as good an understanding on how this all works without them. I just thought they needed to get some love. Please listen to an episode and boost the hell out of it. Cheers! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/632805

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# UX Copywriter at @relay Apply from: https://relai.app/career/ux-copywriter-50-60/ - - - # UX Researcher at @FediTeam Apply from: https://bitcoinerjobs.com/job/1532724-ux-researcher-fedi - - - # UX Researcher at @FediTeam Apply from: https://bitcoinerjobs.com/job/1532724-ux-researcher-fedi - - - # Web Designer for Mobile & Desktop (UX/UI) at @PlanB_network Apply from:https://bitcoinerjobs.com/job/1533798-web-designer-for-mobile-and-desktop-uxui-planbitcoin-network - - - # Graphic Assets Designer at Middle Entertainment Apply from: https://www.plebwork.com/work/graphic-assets-designerc0sm3 - - - # Logo and brand book design for a bitcoin startup at @BinsingLabs Apply from: https://www.plebwork.com/work/logo-and-brand-book-design-for-a-bitcoin-startup-s57f4 - - - # Illustrator Designer for Bitcoin Slide Deck at @BTCasey Apply from: https://www.plebwork.com/work/illustrator-designer-for-bitcoin-slide-decktpfr9 - - - # Digital Design Contract at @bitcoinize Apply from: https://x.com/bitcoinize/status/1818676267350184318?s=46 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/632662

@ 6f170f27:711e26dd

 > Since Milei deregulated the housing market : > - 200% rise in housing supply > - 20% decrease in real prices ! https://www.eleconomista.es/economia/noticias/12935188/08/24/milei-obra-el-milagro-con-los-alquileres-la-oferta-de-vivienda-se-dispara-tras-desregular-el-mercado-en-argentina.html originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/632534

@ 2850567c:83c026bf

We Bitcoiners are well aware of the phrase and use it daily in explanations. The use of "Proof of work" is always tied to mining bitcoin. It is always shown as very hard and specialized type of work. This work is shown to be done only by some special type of computers and requires high amounts of electricity. This manner of explanation although correct, greatly narrows the idea behind the phrase. To mine bitcoin, one had to get those specialized computers. Need to buy those amounts of electricity power. Need to buy or rent land. All these things also need to be bought with money. And as the thousand year saying goes, work more to earn more. So there was ordinary work done by many to accumulate the amount of money to setup a mining rig. The ordinary work like that of a farmer, carpenter, driver, mason, software engineer, banker, chemist and what not. That ordinary work is the idea of that phrase. The work is not about mining bitcoin. The work is not some abstract mathematics puzzle. That ordinary work produced a proof and was given today's fiat money in exchange. If that ordinary work produced a broken chair for example, the proof would fail and no money would be exchanged. If the work of a welder did not prove the iron gate that locks properly, no money would be earned. That is the real proof of work. It has been all around us since the start of ages when we needed a proper fencing from wild animals. So it does not only mean that proof of work is needed to "mine" some bitcoins. Proof of work is needed to get any bitcoins. Even to buy them from an exchange. And stronger the proof, i.e. if one delivers a better product from their ordinary work, the the more money they can get. And then buy even more bitcoin. The proof work work is not just for mining. It applies even more to how society functions. When the reward of the work is a hard asset, like gold or bitcoins, there is going to be a competition to produce even better quality work. Look at the art works. Look at the big monuments constructed many hundred years ago. The result of the work that produced the Taj Mahal. The money that backed it was gold and silver. India did not have easy gold or silver mines. So how they accumulated so much wealth? Being very good agriculturists. Gold and silver would come in boats to buy grains. Gold from Persia would come by mud roads traveling thousands of kilometers to buy steel. Iron and steel factory is a very labour intensive work. It also needs very good knowledge of metallurgy. There was known proof that Indian steel makes excellent swords and other tools. Work that is rewarded by a hard asset is also the great economic equalizer. It will gradually give more and more rewards to those who are very good at their work. Those who love their work. Those who try to refine and get more efficient. Those who can collaborate with others. Those who are helped by others. It will also automatically filters out the ones who are forced into doing the wrong job. Those who don't enjoy what they do. Those who don't feel the need to compete. Very quickly even they will discover their own skills. And join the revolution of producing great proofs of their unique work. And the rewards start coming. The rewards in PoW are more linear in nature. They are tend to get less and less affected by opportunities, place, country, language or culture or even time. The rewards don't flow through one who controls them. They are given directly by buyer of the product, and no one else. The transaction of buyer and seller are not effected by what censorship rules are in place in that region, or within that government. The ones who have opportunities will still have to work in exactly the same way and prove their work. Or some else takes the same reward from their work. The ones who have opportunities cant just hire enough others to produce the work faster. The ones that are hired will immediately demand rewards in the very same hard asset. And that is never easy to get. Whenever the reward is a harder asset, it demands a lot of hard work. We need to liberate the phrase from the chains of bitcoin mining. The phrase is for everyone. Society functions by giving and taking products and services. Society everywhere has to work. Bitcoin hodlers, even those who hold hundreds or thousands of bitcoins, do not stop working. They continue with their masonry work, collect garbage from homes, teach in colleges, and engage in various other professions. Then they still use a part of their earning to buy even more bitcoins. Any type of ordinary work done is proof enough to get bitcoins.

@ 06830f6c:34da40c5

In a stunning turn of events, Jamaican dancehall star Vybz Kartel has been released from prison after his 2014 murder conviction was overturned. The artist, whose real name is Adidja Azim Palmer, has been a central figure in dancehall music for over two decades. His release marks a significant moment in the Jamaican music scene and the global dancehall community. 🌍🎶 read more here on yakihonne [https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqp5rpakttyjmmqkv5kda4py0qptxvm0lq3k98q5k82vh5g6d5sx9qq2kv4txv95hz66tfag5kcejvaa8yu3e956kxdxfg9n] originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/631891

@ 06830f6c:34da40c5

In a groundbreaking turn of events, Jamaican dancehall superstar Vybz Kartel has been released from prison after his 2014 murder conviction was overturned! 🌟 The artist, born Adidja Azim Palmer, has been a central figure in the dancehall music scene for over two decades. His release is a monumental moment for both the Jamaican music industry and his global fanbase. 🌍🎶 #### 🔎 Background of the Case Vybz Kartel was arrested in 2011 and charged with the murder of Clive “Lizard” Williams. This high-profile case gripped the public's attention due to Kartel's immense popularity and the graphic details of the crime. In 2014, he was convicted and sentenced to life in prison, with a stipulation that he would not be eligible for parole until serving 35 years. The prosecution relied heavily on a mix of text messages, video footage, and testimonies. From the beginning, there were numerous claims of evidence tampering and concerns about the integrity of the investigation. These issues became key points in Kartel’s numerous appeals over the years. #### ⚖️ The Appeal and Overturning of the Conviction A major breakthrough came in March 2024 when Kartel’s legal team successfully argued that there had been juror misconduct during the original trial. The appeal judges determined that this misconduct was serious enough to compromise the fairness of the trial. They ruled that a retrial would be unjust, given the time Kartel had already served and the complexities surrounding the initial investigation. This decision led to the reversal of the conviction, and on August 1, 2024, Vybz Kartel walked free after spending more than a decade behind bars. 🚀🎉 #### 🌟 Reaction and Impact The news of Kartel's release has electrified the music industry. Fans and fellow artists have taken to social media in droves to express their support and excitement. Many view this as a moment of vindication for the artist, who has always maintained his innocence. Kartel’s influence on dancehall music is unparalleled. Even during his incarceration, he continued to release music that topped charts and resonated with fans around the world. His lyrical genius and ability to capture the socio-political essence of Jamaican life have solidified his status as one of the greatest dancehall artists of all time. 🎤👑 #### 🔮 Looking Forward With his newfound freedom, speculation is rife about Kartel’s next moves. Industry insiders are anticipating a surge of new music and possibly a tell-all memoir about his experiences over the past decade. Rumors are also swirling about potential collaborations with international artists who have long admired his work. 🌏🎶 Moreover, Kartel’s release is expected to have broader implications for the Jamaican justice system. The case has exposed significant flaws and has sparked calls for reforms to prevent similar miscarriages of justice in the future. ⚖️ #### 📚 Fun Facts and Trivia - **Dancehall King**: Vybz Kartel, often called the "Worl' Boss," is known for hits like "Fever" and "Summer Time." His unique style has influenced countless artists. - **Prolific Output**: Despite being incarcerated, Kartel released several albums from prison, maintaining a strong presence in the music industry. - **Reality TV Star**: Before his legal troubles, Kartel starred in the reality TV show "Teacha's Pet," offering fans a glimpse into his life and personality. #### 🎊 Conclusion Vybz Kartel’s release from prison is a landmark moment not just for him personally, but for the dancehall genre and its worldwide followers. As he steps back into a world that has changed during his absence, all eyes will be on the dancehall king’s next moves. Regardless of what the future holds, Kartel's resilience and enduring popularity are testaments to his indomitable spirit and unparalleled talent. 🚀👑

@ 9c1636e1:79809ee5

 TL;DR: NostrDice is a provably fair game built on Nostr and Lightning. # Why build NostrDice Nostr has been around for a while now, but we’ve only used it as a social network. We had not had a chance to look under the hood to see how things work and what you can do with it. We wanted to get our hands dirty. But we didn’t just want to follow some tutorials; we wanted to build something fun and see how far Nostr could take us. After some brainstorming, we landed on the legendary game SatoshiDICE. Why not bring the OG of all Bitcoin games to Lightning using Nostr? > We are going to build our own SatoshiDICE, with blackjack and hookers  NostrDice is SathoshiDICE on steroids. I mean, it’s built with Nostr and Lightning. ## Design Goals of NostrDice Before we jump into it, these are our design goals for the game. 1. **Provably fair.** The NostrDice server must not be able to control the outcome of a die roll. Players must be able to verify that the NostrDice server is not cheating. 2. **Easy to use.** The game should be compatible with any Nostr client (which supports Zaps). No new clients should be required to play the game. 3. **Have fun building it**! This was the main goal if we’re honest :D Looking into how Zaps work we quickly figure out a way to use them to place bets and pay out lucky winners. ### How NostrDice Works We set up 3 accounts on Nostr: - NostrDice Game: This is where you play. Zap your chosen multiplier note, roll the die and win some sats, sometimes. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc6z4y9xadyj4z2zfecu6zt05uvlmd08ea0vchcvfrjvv7yq8lns84 - NostrDice Nonces: Here you can find proof that the server is playing fair with your dice rolls. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc23h57te608p6rx90lhay86ny5lpm9jpnxquzv9fnvmpfhqnpzcwp - NostrDice Social: A place for us to promote the game. Follow us to get the latest updates. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc28zag3wcwwsc5t725t03h3hg9ard4vg425m4dvv7vqnmjsn076qj 1. **Commitment to a Secret Nonce** A new round starts when the NostrDice server posts a commitment to a nonce on [NostrDice Nonces](https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc23h57te608p6rx90lhay86ny5lpm9jpnxquzv9fnvmpfhqnpzcwp). The server does this *before* receiving any information from the player, so it can choose the nonce based on the player’s input. 2. **Placing a Bet** The player chooses their multiplier and wager by zapping one of 11 notes on [NostrDice Game](https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc6z4y9xadyj4z2zfecu6zt05uvlmd08ea0vchcvfrjvv7yq8lns84). The multiplier also determines the target the die roll needs to hit. For example, to win a 2x multiplier, the player must roll a number lower than 31784 (out of 65535 possibilities). 3. **Determining the Outcome** The server calculates the player’s die roll based on the secret nonce, the player’s npub and the zap memo. Player’s are encouraged to use the zap memo to make it impossible for the server to anticipate their input to the die roll. 4. **Immediate Payouts** If the player hits the target, the NostrDice server will pay out instantly. The server zaps the player’s npub to credit them with their winnings. To this end, the player must have a valid LNURL configured if they want to get paid! 5. **House Edge** The server retains a small house edge on every bet. For a specific target, the payout is slightly less than the true odds to account for this edge. ### NostrDice as a Provably Fair Game The key to NostrDice being fair is that the outcome of a die roll is random and verifiable. For an in-depth explanation on this, check out the [rules of the game](https://github.com/nostrdice/nostrdice/blob/4419cd8f4592fd7d443a22d594b95f80aee5287c/GAME.md) in our [repository](https://github.com/nostrdice/nostrdice/). But here is a summary of the main ideas. **Commitment Scheme** NostrDice commits to a nonce before the round starts by hashing it and publishing the hash on Nostr for everyone to see: ``` nonce := gen_32_bytes() commitment := sha256(nonce) ``` **Roll Formula** When the player places their bet, the nonce is combined with the player's npub and zap memo to generate the die roll: ``` roll = bytes_to_decimal(first_2_bytes(sha256(nonce | player_npub | zap_memo | index))) ``` To prevent the server from predicting outcomes based on the player's npub, the player submits their own randomness via the zap memo. Additionally, a roll index is included to allow the player to roll more than once with the same nonce. **Verification** The player can independently compute their roll after the nonce is revealed. They can also verify that the revealed nonce matches the original commitment: ``` original_commitment == sha256(revealed_nonce) ``` ### Lessons learned Building NostrDice was very fun and not that hard! It’s easy to see why the Nostr ecosystem is flourishing: the Nostr protocol is super simple. - Dev environment: Building a Nostr client is super straight forward. There are plenty of libraries available, but we went with the [rust-nostr stack](https://github.com/rust-nostr/). However, setting up a dev environment was not so easy. We ended up with an involved `docker-compose` file and a `just` file to spin up a dev environment consisting of: - `bitcoind`. - Two `lnd` nodes: one for the player and one for the server. - A Nostr relay via `nostr-rs-relay`. - `nostr-wallet-connect-lnd` so that the player can zap a multiplier note with their LND node. - An LNURL pay server for the player to receive payouts. - `nostrdice`: the game server itself, acting as a modified LNURL server. - Note limits: Our nonce account needs to publish notes regularly and we quickly ran into the limits of publicly available relays: we got banned. Because of this we decided to post less and run our own relay which again, was super simple. Since Rust is our first language, we decided to go with https://github.com/scsibug/nostr-rs-relay. - Production testing: This is the biggest hurdle we encountered. While for “normal” social media usage clients like Primal, Snort or Damus work well, when wanting to jump between different accounts, we quickly ran into UX issues. The setup which worked best for us was using the Alby browser extension with different profiles. I believe things can be improved here. For example, a browser extension supporting multiple Nostr profiles, where profiles are locked to one tab/website only. This way we can be logged into multiple accounts on different profiles at the same time. We also ended up using noStrudel as our favorite browser-based client. - No signet support on web clients. Zaps are always assumed to be on mainnet. Overall it was great fun to build on Nostr for the first time, and we learned a lot. I hope you also enjoy this nostalgic tribute to SatoshiDICE on Nostr. cheers, the 10101 team ## Links - NostrDice Social: An account only used for social posts, follow along to stay up-to-date on any announcements. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc28zag3wcwwsc5t725t03h3hg9ard4vg425m4dvv7vqnmjsn076qj. - NostrDice Game: The main game account. Where the static multiplier notes are hosted. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc6z4y9xadyj4z2zfecu6zt05uvlmd08ea0vchcvfrjvv7yq8lns84. - NostrDice Nonces: This account publishes nonce commitments and reveals nonces at a regular interval. https://primal.net/p/npub1nstrdc23h57te608p6rx90lhay86ny5lpm9jpnxquzv9fnvmpfhqnpzcwp. - NostrDice on X: [x.com/nostrdice](http://x.com/nostrdice) - NostrDice source code: https://github.com/nostrdice/nostrdice/. - NostrDice relay: wss://relay.nostrdice.com. - [benthecarman](https://github.com/benthecarman/): we just can’t help ourselves, but we noticed that a lot of the libraries we used were either built by or contributed to by Ben. Among others, we used and built on: - https://github.com/benthecarman/lnurl-rs: An LNURL pay server. - https://github.com/benthecarman/nostr-wallet-connect-lnd: A NWC server to control LND. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/631870

@ 1c0467df:d06e2b48

I have released BTC service library. It includes many LUDS and NIPS. It enables multi user, multi domain LUD-16 Lightning addresses. With it, anyone can get you@domain.com Lightning and Nostr addresses, enabling easy Bitcoin receipts and Zaps. Check it out at https://github.com/matjaz/btc-service Feedback is welcome. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/631601

@ b2caa9b3:9eab0fb5

Hey everyone, I owe you some photos from my Moshi walk! I know, I know, I’ve been promising them for days. The truth is, I’ve been caught up in the digital world. I’ve been sorting through photos and diving deep into my Telos account. I’m really interested in exploring its potential, but it’s been a bit of a time-suck.  Then, today, I remembered my old friend: EOS. This is my fourth EOS account, and guess what? The same old problems. Not enough CPU! I thought I had figured out this whole CPU thing – use it, it goes down; don’t use it, it goes up. But nope, not this time. It won’t even let me power up. I’ve spent the whole day trying to fix it, but I’m officially tapped out. If anyone has any magic solutions, please share!  On a brighter note, I had lunch at a real local spot today. Not the cleanest place, but the food was cheap and authentic. Definitely a local experience! May I have no regrets about this. Oh, and speaking of local experiences, Kilimanjaro is finally peeking out from the clouds! I’m about to snap a photo to share. I promised to share more photos of my Moshi walk, and in this post you will see them. I’m extending my stay here, so I’ll have more time to explore and figure out my next move. Stay tuned for more updates! And if you have any tips on Telos or EOS, please drop a comment below. Until next time, take it easy and don’t stress too much!           Kilimanjaro was being shy today. No photo, unfortunately. Photos from my Moshi walk, taken two days ago. ## Online [Profile Page](https://rubenstorm.de.cool/) | [Support Page](https://rubenstorm.12hp.de/) > Feel free to support me by sending some sats via the lightning network to rubenstorm@sats.mobi 

@ 000002de:c05780a7

For me, it's [Rubicon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubicon_(TV_series)). I really liked this show at the time and man I wish it hadn't been dropped. It was so good. Still worth watching. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/631200

@ 38d0888d:bd8e1246

At the core of human discord lies an elusive yet pervasive force: selfishness. This trait, embedded in every individual, obstructs humanity's progression and projects itself into our collective consciousness. Cultivated unconsciously throughout evolution, selfishness continually seeks more resources, contributing to global disintegration. Humanity, driven by its weaknesses and desires, unwittingly sustains this self-centered impulse, often ignoring the true source of unity: a higher, all-encompassing power. To transcend selfishness and elevate global consciousness, humanity must recognize and align with the unifying essence inherent in all existence. This recognition arises from a profound understanding of the higher power, guiding us to instill values that transcend self-interest. By promoting spiritual education, ethical values, and altruistic behavior, we can catalyze this transformative shift. A critical step is acknowledging the presence of a common unifying force across all dimensions of human experience. It is essential to reassess every aspect of how human consciousness engages with the world, from subtle spiritual realms to social and educational systems. Aligning individual and collective actions with the principles of this higher power is crucial for nurturing an environment that eradicates selfishness and fosters spiritual growth. This ambitious endeavor requires collaborative community efforts, highlighting the importance of collective contributions towards building an enlightened and interconnected world. Together, we can leave a lasting impact on the global landscape, cultivating values rooted in the recognition of a unifying higher power and fostering harmonious coexistence beyond individual concerns.

@ dec2e28f:01746c77

### 給予自由的肯定 這是一個肯定的日子，一個慶祝自由的日子。我們以自由的名義站在這裡。我們致力於和平與非暴力的變革。 我們必須承認我們所有人民的完全平等。不僅僅是針對特定宗教的人。不僅僅是針對特定種族的人。 不只是有錢人。但對所有的人來說。我們這樣做必須有一個單一且根本的理由。 這是正確的做法。今天早上，這個國家最著名的政治王朝出現了新的轉折。小羅伯特‧甘迺迪。 一位民主黨人試圖治癒分裂的國家並將權力歸還給人民。小羅伯特·F·甘迺迪：今天我們被告知，我們的國家已經陷入無可救藥的分裂。但當我在這個國家旅行時，我發現了一些不同的東西。 ### 比特幣 我目睹了前所未有的樂觀情緒。我們內心深處有某種東西在激動，告訴我們事情不必是這樣的。所以我今天來到這裡是為了宣布我們擺脫腐敗的暴政。 這剝奪了我們負擔得起的生活、我們對未來的信念以及我們對彼此的尊重。但要做到這一點，我必須先宣布自己的獨立性。獨立於民主黨。 以及所有其他政黨。我並不是輕易做出這個決定的。放棄我的叔叔、我的父親、我的祖父以及我的兩位曾祖父的聚會對我來說是非常痛苦的。 但與 247 年前我們的開國元勳簽署《獨立宣言》時所冒的風險相比，我的犧牲根本算不了什麼。他們知道，如果他們的革命失敗，他們所有人都會被絞死。他們選擇賭上一切。 當約翰·亞當斯放下筆，在宣言上簽名後，他轉向在場的人，對他們說，沉或遊，生或死，生存或滅亡。從今天起，我就和我的祖國在一起了。今天我將向你們做出同樣的承諾。 這樣我就可以站在你們面前，就像每個領導人都應該站在你們面前一樣。沒有黨派忠誠。不受幕後交易的影響。 只為我的良心、我的創造者和你服務。每一位總統上任時都承諾要團結全國，並與兩黨人士合作。他們中沒有人這樣做過。 他們不能。他們已經選好了一方。好吧，我不會遇到這個問題。 我將在兩黨之間建立聯盟。除了極少數實際上腐敗的公職人員之外，我要告訴你這個秘密。他們也希望從束縛他們的體制中解放出來。 這不就是我們所有人最終想要的嗎？從一個剝奪我們財富、健康、希望、愛國主義、理想、自由以及最終剝奪我們作為一個善良和有能力的人民的意識的體系中解放出來。治癒我們分裂的國家有可能嗎？我們去奪回我們的國家吧。上帝祝福你。 上帝保佑美利堅合眾國。我是一個真正的美國人。為正義而戰。 為你的生命而戰。女士們、先生們，請歡迎美國下一任總統小羅伯特‧甘迺迪先生。為每個男人而戰。 我是一個真正的美國人。你好，比特幣愛好者。我很高興能回來參加我的第二次比特幣會議。 自從去年在邁阿密以來，我一直在與這個社群的領導人和思想家會面。我與比特幣礦工、政策制定者、經濟學家、金融專家、投資者、開發人員和企業家進行了交流，以加深我對比特幣為我們國家和地球帶來的非凡前景的理解。據我所知，身為美國總統，我打算在第一天簽署一項行政命令，指示司法部和美國法警將美國政府持有的約 20 萬個比特幣轉移到美國財政部，它將作為戰略資產持有。 在就任總統的第一天，我將簽署另一項行政命令，指示美國財政部每天購買550 個比特幣，直到美國建立起至少400 萬個比特幣的儲備以及任何其他國家都無法篡奪的主導地位。我們國家擁有全球約 19% 的黃金儲備。這項政策將為我們提供大約相同比例的比特幣總量。 這些行動的連鎖影響最終將使比特幣的估值達到數百萬億美元。在擔任總統的第一天，我還將簽署一項行政命令，指示美國國稅局發佈公共指導方針，規定比特幣和美元之間的所有交易都是不需報告的交易，並且不需納稅。在就任總統的第一天，我還將簽署一項行政命令，指示美國國稅局將比特幣視為符合 1031 法案兌換成房地產的資產。 現在，我想談談我對比特幣社群的觀察，我認為自己是比特幣社群的一部分。儘管他們的觀點不同，但我發現比特幣社群最顯著的特徵是這種矛盾的並置，其特點是在幾個小問題上的激烈分歧和在更大的比特幣生態系統中壓倒性的團結感。比特幣社群讓我想起了美國政治應該是什麼樣子。 我們的願望、對國家的信念以及美國值得為之奮鬥的信念最終是一致的。最終，我們大家再次團結在一起，堅信比特幣是一種促進自由、樂觀、獨立、民主和透明的技術。它是希望的貨幣。 它是完美的貨幣。它是一個優雅、詩意、美麗、純粹的物種，與美國自治實驗所代表的最高理想和願望完美契合。它是廉潔的。 它具有完整性。它有自主主權。它促進個人責任和問責制。 它是去中心化和民主的。它對政府影響很小，對個人自由影響很大。比特幣是反戰的。 它是政府腐敗的兇猛、無情、不可戰勝的敵人。現在，你們中的許多人都知道我自己對比特幣的介紹，我自己的轉換。我從孩子們那裡知道了比特幣，但對我來說，它幾乎像是一種時尚或新奇事物。 ### 交易自由和自我主權的重要性 然後我看到了渥太華發生的事情。當時我正在管理兒童健康保衛組織，它是我國醫療自由的首要倡導者。我們在加拿大罷工的卡車司機中安插了一名記者，為我們的通訊服務。 她和卡車司機一起從艾伯塔省一路開往渥太華。加拿大的卡車司機非常多元化。他們是亞洲人，他們是黑人，他們是白人。 卡車司機正在做我們國家所有人都認為理所當然的事情。他們正在政府中就他們認為重要的事情提出請願書，即這些命令對其業務的財務影響。如果你看一下那個活動的視頻，你會發現它就像伍德斯托克音樂節一樣。 人們分送水瓶，撿拾垃圾，播放音樂，彼此友善。但它被加拿大政府描述為右翼、極端主義、暴力恐怖組織。政府開始使用臉部辨識系統和其他形式的監控來了解卡車司機的身份，查看他們的車牌等。 然後凍結了他們的銀行帳戶。他們還凍結了價值 1200 萬美元的 PayPal 帳戶。當加拿大做到這一點時，我立即想到，交易自由與第一修正案中的言論自由一樣重要。 因為如果政府有能力，這些卡車司機就不會被指控犯罪，更不用說被定罪了。然而政府卻能夠關閉他們的銀行帳戶。他們無力支付抵押貸款。 他們無法為卡車購買柴油。他們無法為孩子們購買食物。一名卡車司機告訴我，他將因無法支付強制性贍養費而入獄。 如果一個政府能夠讓你挨餓，把你趕出家門，如果你公開反對它，如果你批評政府政策，那麼我們就走上了極權主義和奴隸制的道路。從那時起我就開始認真尋找替代方案。正是那次事件讓我立即意識到這項技術在提供交易自由和自我主權方面的潛力。 去年在這次會議上，我提議，作為你們的總統，我將努力確保比特幣的自我託管權、在我們自己家裡運行節點的權利、阻止聯邦政府篡奪第一修正案的開源隱私權——增強技術。我承諾阻止政府官員採用 CBDC，這將不可避免地演變成我們在加拿大看到的那樣，一種用於監視和控制的惡意工具。最重要的是，我承諾確保美國作為全球加密貨幣創新、創業、投資和科技中心的地位。 作為一個終身的環保主義者，我接受比特幣作為一種激勵對綠色和再生能源生產進行更多投資的機制。去年與比特幣愛好者一起度過之後，我離開邁阿密會議時，對比特幣及其消除國家債務作為對沖通膨的潛力的樂觀和興奮所著迷。它承諾保障個人自由，恢復美國中產階級，結束政府腐敗，減少戰爭機器的資金，並保護我們的環境。 就在那之前，在邁阿密大會上，我從贏得孟山都案的費用中得到了一張大支票。我拿走了大部分支票，它代表了我個人財富的最大部分，並將其全部投資於比特幣。我這樣做並不是希望能夠快速獲得投資回報。 有人告訴我，你可能要等很久。你可能會有很多焦慮和心絞痛。所以我為此做好了準備。 但順便說一句，如果這是我唯一的動機，我不會失望。我加入得恰逢其時。在過去的一年裡，我在兔子洞裡走得更遠了。 讓我來說說，橘色兔子洞。我現在比以往任何時候都更加相信，我們必須共同努力，立即將所有這些建議付諸實施。美國正處於十字路口。 我們可以繼續走現在的道路，增加債務，限制自由，沉迷於戰爭，或者我們可以期待使用比特幣等新技術來幫助我們發展，再次實現我們作為道德權威和世界的承諾。現在，我很高興得知我並不是唯一在今年選舉中談論比特幣的人。沒有什麼比看到其他政治領袖加入比特幣潮流更讓我高興的了。 ### 比特幣對政治領袖的潛力 我花了一年多的時間來研究、理解、闡明比特幣的潛力。作為第一位比特幣總統，我的目標是製定政策，使美國成為世界上最偉大的比特幣代表及其民主價值的支持者。我從小就認為美國將永遠保持其世界領袖、自由世界領袖的地位。 但自 1993 年蘇聯解體以來，我們一直在螺旋式下降中遠離這個角色。傲慢、軍事冒險主義和腐敗使美國的政治和經濟實力急劇下降。我們的美元正在迅速失去儲備貨幣地位，因為我們已將其武器化以對抗其他國家。 當我們不同意另一個國家的政策時，我們會將其從 SWIFT 系統中剔除，並取消其銀行帳戶。作為該策略的可預見結果，金磚國家目前正處於透過擺脫石油美元來實現去美元化的過程中。他們意識到，用商品和其他硬資源換取憑空印製的貨幣是一種失敗的做法。 這種趨勢可能會加速，直到我們再次艱難地過渡到用硬資產支持我們的債務。我有一個計劃，透過用硬資產（包括貴金屬和比特幣的組合）來支持美國國庫券、票據和債券，來強化美元、降低利率並抵消我們 34 兆美元的債務。透過用硬資產抵押來支持美國債務不僅可以恢復美元的實力，控制通貨膨脹，還將開創美國金融穩定、繁榮與和平的新時代。 世界需要相信，我們已經安全地束縛了我們的政府及其在沒有工作證明的情況下憑空創造貨幣的能力。我提出的創新策略利用了比特幣以及黃金和其他硬資產的稀缺性和流動性，以恢復美元在全球金融中的主導地位。世界將爭相採用一種由美國支持的去中心化貨幣，這種貨幣不能被政府沒收，可以在手機上以光速跨越全球邊界進行交易和交易，而無需銀行費用或其他交易摩擦。 這種廉潔的貨幣將立即開始將全球其他國家的財富和資產拉回美國，恢復我們美元的實力並修復我們的國際收支平衡。在他被暗殺前六個月，我的叔叔約翰·F·甘迺迪總統簽署了一項行政命令，將銀幣與聯準會發行的紙幣競爭。他的目的是控制聯準會的自由裁量權。 他一直批評聯準會的政策，希望結束酌情貨幣政策和不可避免的美元貶值。他明白，高槓桿經濟直接導致破壞性的財富不平等，這種不平等如今正在侵蝕美國民主，引發暴力、分裂、不滿和絕望。值得注意的是，在我叔叔被暗殺後，政府立即停止發行這些銀幣，權力又回到了聯準會。 我叔叔顯然明白聯準會有可能演變成暴政。比特幣有可能讓聯準會恢復貨幣紀律，並恢復美元作為無可爭議的全球儲備貨幣的地位。正如比特幣可以強化美元一樣，它也可以確保美國在網路空間的地位。 ### 建立比特幣的諾克斯堡 據我了解，明天川普總統可能會宣佈建造比特幣諾克斯堡的計劃，並授權美國政府購買100萬比特幣作為戰略儲備資產。我對這項宣布表示讚賞，我們都應該為它鼓掌。我希望川普總統對比特幣的承諾不僅僅是政治上的權宜之計。 支持比特幣最憤世嫉俗的政治原因是透過政策讓美國6,000萬比特幣持有者興奮不已，讓持有者數量增加。但我希望川普總統和民主黨全國委員會提名人，無論他或她是誰，能夠更深入地了解確保比特幣在美國財政部擁有戰略儲備的驚天動地的原因。其中最引人注目的原因在美國太空部隊少校賈森·洛厄裡 (Jason Lowery) 的麻省理工論文《軟體》中列出。 洛厄裡少校指出，比特幣被錯誤地描述為貨幣，而實際上它是一種網路防禦系統，可以保護我們在網路空間中的線上身分和資料。正如我們有空軍來保護我們的天空，有海軍來保護我們的海洋一樣，比特幣可以保護我們免受潛在的網路攻擊。它是一種網路防禦武器，也是未經認可的使用的典型例子。 這是一個類似的例子。中國人發明了火藥，並將其作為藥物使用了 200 年，之後其他國家才認識到它是最強大的力量投射工具。如今，人們普遍認為比特幣的用途是貨幣。 但比特幣也是一種力量投射武器，可以保護我們的貨幣和我們在網路上所做的一切免受網路攻擊。第一個承認這項功能的國家將成為新的全球超級大國。如果我們想重新獲得並鞏固我們作為自由世界領導者的頭銜，我們需要抓住控制權並充分利用比特幣的潛力。 根據公開訊息，美國目前擁有20.4萬枚比特幣，是全球第五大比特幣錢包。將比特幣添加到該儲備中將有助於確保美國未來 250 年的未來。我在甘迺迪政府中的首批員工之一是洛瑞少校，他將擔任我的國家安全團隊的高級顧問。 比特幣對美國和世界的另一個重要用途是我最珍惜的，即透過比特幣挖礦捕獲碳並激勵綠色能源生產。我擔任環保倡議者服務了 40 年，並在綠色科技創投公司 Vantage Point 擔任合夥人 10 年，該公司是世界排名第一的綠色科技能源和技術公司。我在開發一些世界上最大的太陽能和風力發電專案中發揮了關鍵作用。 由於比特幣的高能源需求，比特幣的批評者錯誤地將其視為環境威脅。當然，事實恰恰相反。比特幣礦工對能源定價比其他任何行業都更加敏感。 這意味著他們只能利用最便宜的能源才能在市場上生存，這必然意味著浪費能源和剩餘電力。例如，垃圾掩埋場產生的甲烷本來會進入大氣中，但比特幣礦工擁有獨特的能力，能夠利用它作為能源。比特幣挖礦也是再生能源和風能和太陽能等可變電力專案的理想合作夥伴。 我在能源專案融資方面的個人經驗讓我深深認識到比特幣挖礦作為再生能源專案可靠的利潤中心的關鍵潛力，這些專案需要靈活的現場非高峰客戶來間歇性發電以獲得融資。比特幣礦工是此類專案的理想合作夥伴。好吧，讓我們來看看比特幣對美國人和美國有利的其他一些方面。 ### 美國人購買力的削弱 1971 年，尼克森總統取消了金本位制，以資助越戰。從那時起，美元的購買力急劇下降，侵蝕了普通美國人的儲蓄和收入。擔任聯準會主席20年的艾倫‧格林斯潘甚至警告說，在沒有金本位的情況下，沒有辦法防止儲蓄因通貨膨脹而被沒收。結束報價。 眾所周知，通貨膨脹就是竊盜。而且幾乎總是從窮人那裡偷竊。聯準會設計了一台超高效的印鈔機來進行系統性的搶劫，摧毀了美國中產階級並大量消滅了美國的工薪階級。 淫穢的印鈔以隱性的通貨膨脹稅耗盡了我們公民的購買力。正是川普和拜登政府不計後果地擁抱印鈔，才將中產階級推向了臨界點。美國家庭現在在這場大雨中不堪負荷。 我們簡單來看一下。如果六年前您有 1,000 美元，那麼就購買商品和服務的能力而言，這 1,000 美元今天的價值為 520 美元。抵押貸款四年內翻了一番。 難怪 18 至 30 歲的年輕人中有一半仍然住在家裡，買不起邁向美國夢第一步的房子。難怪我們年輕的美國人結婚較晚，推遲甚至放棄建立家庭的選擇。他們購買力的下降迫使他們做出這些犧牲。 我們都認為儲蓄穩定成長是我們生活的一部分，但它卻推動了儲蓄穩定成長這項任務的絕望。今天，這一代人正面臨這些移動的球門柱。他們賺錢了，他們認為自己做得很好，然後錢就消失了。 並不是因為他們做了什麼，而是因為通貨膨脹。它把這一代人推向了一種金融虛無主義，助長了抑鬱、自殺、絕望、異化、剝奪、對我們國家的自豪感的喪失、對他們自己的生活失去希望的流行。一代人和自己的未來。醫療保健費用也在指數級增長。 幾個月前，我和新罕布夏州的一對年輕夫婦交談過，他們含著淚水告訴我，他們是如何吵架的，一對丈夫和妻子，晚上懷裡抱著一個哭鬧的嬰兒，不得不想知道他們是如何爭吵的。超過一半的美國人在遇到緊急情況時拿不出 1,000 美元。如果你是這群人中的一員，而你的車裡的引擎燈亮了，那就是世界末日，因為你知道你將負擔不起機械師的費用。 你將無法上班。你將無法支付房租，然後你就會流落到人行道上。那個卑鄙的人最終來到了這支軍隊，在我居住的城市裡的帳篷營地，在洛杉磯、紐約、舊金山，在全國各地，美國人的軍隊，勤奮的美國人，現在生活在那裡，因為引擎他們的車燈亮了，或者他們同時有兩個輪胎癟了，或者他們有一些其他未預料到的費用。 走到外面，你就會看到它。我一次又一次地聽到美國老年人講述他們如何減少處方，將處方藥減成兩半，以使其持續到週末。他們在汽油、家用暖氣油和食品之間做出選擇。 很多媽媽告訴我，她們正在降低原料的等級，以擺脫雜貨店收銀台的排隊等候。今天的美國人被迫做出這些痛苦的決定，因為我們的錢已經花光了。對於陷入困境的美國中產階級來說，對於陷入困境的美國中產階級來說，比特幣是通貨膨脹厄運高速公路的出口匝道。 ### 削減軍事工業複合體的資金 如果世界採用比特幣標準，而我們的貨幣保值，我們就有能力過更豐富的生活。比特幣支持者是對的。解決金錢問題，解決世界問題。 將我們的美元與比特幣等硬資產掛鉤的紀律也將最終打破我們對永遠戰爭的沉迷。法定貨幣的發明是為了資助戰爭。正如我剛才指出的，尼克森總統在 1971 年讓我們擺脫了金本位制，因為印刷法定貨幣是為越戰持續提供資金的唯一途徑。 厭倦了法定貨幣，當一個國家的錢用完時，戰爭就會結束。或者，如果一個政府想要資助一場戰爭，它會發行戰爭債券並向其公民借錢，或者會提前告訴他們，我們要向你們徵稅。如今，政府甚至不需要請求許可。 他們只是在印鈔票。然後他們用假錢資助戰爭。如果世界採用比特幣標準，那麼就不會有戰爭，因為政府無法印製比特幣。 我是比特幣的支持者，因為它可以為軍事工業複合體提供資金，而軍事工業複合體不是致力於國防，而是致力於國際全球統治。我就這麼說吧。冷戰高峰期，軍事預算以 2024 年美元計算約 5,000 億美元。 今天，它是這個數字的兩倍。為什麼我們需要的資金是冷戰高峰的兩倍？我們需要它，因為它與國防無關。它與全球霸權和國際統治有關，但實際上適得其反。 它讓我們在國內破產。它破壞了我們在全球範圍內的關係和道德權威。我再說一次。 如果政府無法透過在電腦上敲擊幾下鍵盤來印鈔票，他們就無法為永無止境的戰爭提供資金。再說一遍，修復金錢，修復世界。不犯錯。 我的政府修復我們破損資金的主要原因之一是取消對戰爭機器的資助。為了實現這一目標，我將支持對比特幣的直接所有權實施免稅。將比特幣兌換回美元將是一項無需向美國國稅局報告的交易，並且不受資本利得的影響。 ### 比特幣與個人自由的鬥爭 我們必須記住，第四修正案保障隱私權。身為一名立憲主義者，我堅決捍衛我們的財務和交易隱私權。當美國公民被要求向國稅局報告每筆比特幣交易時，政府知道我們用錢所做的一切。 政府無權了解你的業務。更重要的是，對比特幣的直接所有權實施免稅，會產生購買比特幣而不是比特幣 ETF 的經濟激勵，因為比特幣 ETF 是一種證券，因此會產生資本利得。這一點至關重要，因為直接擁有比特幣可以使其去中心化。 這是防止貝萊德和其他全球資產管理公司對比特幣網路、分叉和升級產生不當影響的唯一方法。 2014年，美國國稅局宣布比特幣為財產，並將其買賣視為資本交易進行監管。重要的是要了解這項稅法從未由國會通過，也從未由美國總統簽署成為法律。 美國國稅局和美國證券交易委員會只是篡奪了政府權力，以壓制去中心化的金融民主。美國最高法院最近根據「雪佛龍主義」重新審理了這項決定。這項決定讓爭取自由的比特幣支持者能夠挑戰 2024 年對比特幣徵稅的合憲性。 我今天告訴你們，我永遠不會簽署一項對比特幣直接所有權徵稅的法律。我將利用我的權力推翻任何這樣做的法律。我將結束拜登政府對比特幣的戰爭。 免稅的比特幣不僅對公民的財務自主權、自由和隱私至關重要，而且對於保持中本聰創造的去中心化和民主也至關重要。最後，比特幣保證財產權。有了可自由交易的比特幣，任何政府都無法在邊境沒收或徵稅您的財富。 這是比特幣作為反對極權主義武器的效力的另一個例子。因此，隨著這個選舉週期開始升溫，你必須做出選擇。你已經聽到我打算做什麼了。 讓我們將其與我的共和黨對手的提議進行比較。我歡迎川普總統對比特幣的新熱情，但他剛開始比特幣對話幾週，而我的優勢是可以在這裡停留更長時間。希望他的學習曲線能反映我所經歷的那種。 我的猜測是，至少在最初，將會有許多關於定價以及政府政策的變化如何讓比特幣持有者變得富有的討論。但我們都知道，這只是比特幣的一小部分。比特幣的意義更大。 比特幣關乎我們的靈魂。這是關於我們的價值觀。價格上漲特徵是其所有屬性中最不重要的。 川普總統還有很長的路要走，才能解釋他的個人價值觀如何與比特幣支持者的價值觀保持一致。如果他不這樣做，那麼我們就無法真正保證他的認可不會是另一種短暫的貨幣政策風尚。這項保證將要求他否認上屆政府的一些核心政策。 在白宮任職期間，川普總統一直公開反對比特幣。 2020 年 12 月，他公開敵視比特幣，並試圖取締自助錢包。在這個時期，美國人比歷史上任何時候都更需要任何價值儲存手段，以補償他們因封鎖、購買力下降、印鈔狂歡和新冠疫情而導致的收入。 2021 年，川普總統加倍努力，宣稱比特幣看起來只是個騙局。我不喜歡它，因為它是另一種與美元競爭的貨幣。我很高興川普總統發生了這種演變。 我很自豪我幫助開闢了一條道路，使其他政治領導人更容易效仿。我感謝 50 或 6000 萬比特幣支持者，例如 Michael Saylor，他們在我之前幫助我了解了比特幣拯救國家的潛力。我認識的每一位比特幣愛好者都和我一樣渴望自由，或者對官方正統觀念和聲明持懷疑態度，以及我最欣賞的批判性思維傾向。 在新冠疫情期間，川普總統和拜登總統都沒有保護我們的憲法權利。他們都限制我們集會、禮拜的權利。他們關閉了我們的教堂，沒有祖母的葬禮，沒有婚禮。 他們未經正當程序或僅給予補償就關閉了我們的業務，違反了第五修正案。他們終止了第七修正案的陪審團審判權。他們攻擊了第四修正案禁止無證搜索和扣押的禁令。 而這兩屆政府也允許聯邦調查局和間諜機構與社群媒體公司合作，壓制批評政府政策的人，從而壓制我們的言論自由權。我希望川普總統對比特幣的態度改變證明了對個人自由、我們的憲法和我們的權利法案的新的、根深蒂固的承諾。如果川普總統當選，他會為比特幣而戰嗎？我希望他上週在共和黨全國委員會的演講中提到了比特幣。 我很失望。上週他花了很多時間攻擊薩爾瓦多總統布克萊，薩爾瓦多是唯一採用比特幣標準的國家。布克萊總統是薩爾瓦多史上最受歡迎的總統。 在比特幣的幫助下，他扭轉了國家的局面。比特幣幫助他發展了經濟並減少了犯罪。美國應該效法布克萊總統的做法，學習他在比特幣方面給我們的一些教訓。 更令人擔憂的是，川普總統上個月在接受彭博社採訪時提出了任命傑米·戴蒙擔任財政部長的想法。我很感激川普總統昨天收回了這一言論，但我不確定他怎麼會考慮招惹比特幣長期最大的批評者之一。也是世界上集中控制的最終倡導者。 如果他真正在靈魂中致力於我們所有人都致力於的自由和去中心化，那麼這些選擇就不符合比特幣的精神定位。比特幣代表......我的意思是，就我個人而言，我寧願看到像邁克爾·塞勒或凱特琳·朗這樣的人擔任財政部長。他們很聰明。 它們是百科全書式的。他們具有前瞻性。他們深深地熱愛我們的國家。 它們代表了權力下放和經濟民主的理想。最後，川普總統有四年的時間來赦免羅斯·烏布里奇、朱利安·阿桑奇和愛德華·斯諾登。但他沒有這麼做。 我們需要問自己為什麼。我已經調查了這些案件，並計劃在第一天就將他們全部赦免。在這個選舉年，我鼓勵你研究你的選擇，看看候選人的政策，但更重要的是，看看他們的行動，以確定他們是否真正是問題的一部分，或者是否是解決方案的一部分。 確定它們是否符合您內心的信念。記住美國人的需要，記住美國人需要什麼，我們想要什麼，然後相應地投票。今天我想向大家傳達對比特幣、對比特幣社群的核心信念。 比特幣是自由的貨幣、自由的貨幣、希望的貨幣。它將自我主權恢復給個人，這就是美國民主的全部目的。它為我們提供了數位產權，這是我們民主的核心，它提供了一種價值儲存手段，使美國中產階級能夠再次過著富裕的生活。 我想成為能夠帶回希望的總統，我很高興成為你們比特幣社群的一員事實上，我不認為自己是紅色的，我不認為自己是藍色的，我也不認為自己是紅色的，我不認為自己是藍色的，我也不認為自己是紅色的。這些都是政黨的顏色。相反，我認為自己是橙色的。 那就是，那是自由的顏色。川普總統確實有橙色的頭髮。我只能遠遠地欣賞他。 我永遠無法告訴你這是一個非常好的開始，但我有一顆橙色的心，這就是你應該支持的。非常感謝大家，願上帝保佑你們。比特幣會議。 影片：[Bitcoin Magazine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssYCRVpzcxc)

@ 06830f6c:34da40c5

In the annals of digital currency history, the journey from Wei Dai's groundbreaking "B-Money" to Satoshi Nakamoto's revolutionary Bitcoin is a tale of innovation, vision, and evolution. 🌟 #### 📜 **The Genesis of B-Money** Wei Dai, a pioneering figure in the digital currency space, introduced the concept of "B-Money" in 1998. His seminal paper, [B-Money](http://www.weidai.com/bmoney.txt), outlined the foundational principles of what would later evolve into the modern digital currency landscape. 🧠💡 In his proposal, Dai explored several concepts that would become cornerstones of cryptocurrency technology: - **Crypto-Anarchy**: A vision for a system free from centralized control, relying on cryptographic principles to ensure privacy and security. - **Community and Anonymity**: The idea of a decentralized community where identities are hidden and transactions are private. - **Hidden Location and Protocols**: Creating a system with decentralized nodes, each maintaining a distributed database. - **Incentives and Digital Pseudonyms**: The use of public keys and message signatures to establish identity and secure transactions. - **Broadcast and Encryption**: Techniques for secure communication and transaction verification. - **Currency Units and Computational Cost**: Linking currency creation to computational effort, introducing the concept of mining. #### 🔍 **From Vision to Reality: The Bitcoin Revolution** Fast forward to 2008, when an anonymous entity known as Satoshi Nakamoto unveiled Bitcoin to the world. Inspired by Dai's "B-Money," Satoshi Nakamoto brought these concepts to life with Bitcoin, addressing the challenges and harnessing the potential of digital currency. 📅💥 Bitcoin took these early ideas and turned them into a working reality with several key innovations: - **Decentralization**: Unlike traditional currencies, Bitcoin operates on a decentralized network of nodes, removing the need for a central authority. - **Blockchain Technology**: Bitcoin introduced the blockchain—a distributed ledger that records all transactions securely and transparently. - **Proof of Work**: The concept of mining was refined, with computational work required to validate transactions and secure the network. - **Incentive Mechanism**: Miners are rewarded with new bitcoins for their efforts, creating a system of economic incentives. - **Enhanced Security**: Bitcoin employs SHA-256 hashing and robust encryption methods to protect transaction data and user privacy. #### 🌐 **The Legacy and Impact** The influence of "B-Money" on Bitcoin is profound, as many of Dai's initial ideas are integral to the functioning of modern cryptocurrencies. Satoshi Nakamoto's innovation built upon these concepts, creating a decentralized, secure, and efficient digital currency that has transformed the financial landscape. Today, Bitcoin is widely recognized and accepted, with a market capitalization surpassing $500 billion. 🌍💸 It has sparked a global movement towards decentralization, privacy, and financial inclusion, paving the way for countless other cryptocurrencies and blockchain applications. #### 🔗 **Key Takeaways** - **Conceptual Roots**: Bitcoin's development was heavily inspired by Wei Dai's "B-Money" paper, incorporating ideas about cryptographic security, decentralized networks, and economic incentives. - **Technological Advancements**: Satoshi Nakamoto's implementation of these concepts led to the creation of a functioning digital currency, with significant improvements in security and efficiency. - **Ongoing Evolution**: The legacy of "B-Money" and Bitcoin continues to shape the future of digital finance, influencing new innovations and applications in the blockchain space. #### 📈 **Current Trends** As Bitcoin continues to evolve, it remains at the forefront of the cryptocurrency revolution. Innovations in blockchain technology, growing institutional interest, and increasing adoption are driving the future of digital currencies. The journey from "B-Money" to Bitcoin exemplifies the power of visionary ideas and technological advancements in shaping the future of finance. Stay tuned as we continue to explore and experience the evolution of digital currency. 🚀🔍💡 --- **#WeiDai #SatoshiNakamoto #BMoney #Bitcoin #Cryptocurrency #Blockchain #DigitalCurrency #Innovation #TechRevolution #Bitbiashara**

@ 56a6da9b:7f5a2243

**I think of Flash Fiction as pressing the subconscious into duty.** It has been rewarding for me. Tomorrow is Flash August Fiction where I will do 30 brand-new stories, podcasted, in 30 days. In February, I did Flash Fiction February[FFF], which was 29. Here is the link for this podcast: https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/a-flash-fiction-formula **What I learned from FFF and how a formula emerged.** Don’t be cheap. Don’t be lazy. Write a real ending. Don’t end your story with some cheap, traumatic other-worldly ending where a monster or an alien kills everyone, or there’s a car accident and everyone dies. Actually reveal something, go ahead and be clever and articulate. Write as much as you need to make that happen. **Not Like a Typical Story** *It is more prompt-driven, and less premise-driven.* Most stories are beginning, middle, ending. FF is different. It’s more like two parts. Either a beginning and then combine the middle and the ending, or, I combine the beginning and the middle, and then have an ending. I’m not sure if there’s a purposeful decision. If my mind is more chaotic, it’s usually the latter. **It’s Usually a Two-part Formula** Mystery- Reveal Problem- Solution Conflict- Resolution Obstacle- Removal /Overcoming Enemy- Victory Humor: Build-up- Punchline. **What are the prompts for stories?** Anything Objects Dreams First thought I wake up with. Conversations from anywhere, such as [Troubled Minds Newsletter ‘s](https://open.substack.com/pub/troubledminds) [discord](https://discord.gg/GFvzxAPk), for instance. Memories Relationship Dynamics Continuations of series’ or sequels from past stories. That’s pretty much what I know about writing flash fiction as opposed to more planned out, premise-driven fiction. There is a lot more detail and nuance in the actual podcast episode that goes with this post. I went on in there about how writing works to help you reveal things in your mind you might not be cognizant of right away. HERE is the episode I mentioned, which is the 2nd episode I made, called **Subconscious Problem Solving** : https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/subconscious-problem-solving  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/630483

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

 # NASHVILLE 2024 I've made the trek down to [Bitcoin Park](https://bitcoinpark.com/) a number of times. It's about four and a half hours from where I live and it's not an unreasonable drive once a quarter for the incredible meetings they host down there. Other than that, I can't really justify the expenses, compounded with the time off, to go to most bigger bitcoin conferences. This past week, however, I had a steal of a deal to the Bitcoin Magazine conference, which also happened to be in Nashville. I would like to share with you all some thoughts as someone who is still fresh from their first experience meeting industrial miners. ## POTTY BREAK Going into last week, I assumed that most industrial miners had at LEAST the same general knowledge as home miners like myself about concerns for mining pool centralization. Friday afternoon, as most folks had already left the convention floor, I was waiting for my daughters to use the restroom and noticed IREN's virtual reality headsets. Curious, I held one up to my eyes to see their virtual facilities tour. I've never used a VR headset, so I was quickly under the spell and about to put the strap on the back of my head. Fortunately, I was interrupted by a voice asking what I thought. The spell was broken, I pulled the headset away, and I saw a smiling face clearly poised and ready to field my questions. ## I DON'T KNOW I told him that it was "neat," which was honestly more to downplay the experience to myself than to him. In reality, the...virtual reality seemed more impressive than I wish it did. But I cut right to the point. "What do you mine to?" "Bitcoin." "I mean, what pools do you mine to?" "50% Foundry and 50% to AntPool." "Why those two?" "I don't know." "What would you do in the event of a 51% attack?" "I don't know." Now, you might be asking, "how much can you expect from an employee that's clearly there to impressive investors or something?" I would answer, quite a lot! This is the face that they're putting out at a conference specifically for bitcoiners. This wasn't a green energy conference. This wasn't a venture capital conference. But even if it was one of those places, this is one of the biggest concerns for his whole industry. ## THEY'LL JUST SWITCH The premier platitude for 51% attack concerns is that if these pools go rogue, all of the miners will just switch. Well...yes...I will leave with my mighty 15TH/s fleet*. Maybe folks experimenting with the fun [GekkoScience](https://www.419mining.com/shop/miners/gekkoscience-compac-f/) projects I saw will leave with their 200GH/s fleet. Maybe we'll even get lucky, and folks that bought the [Superheat](https://superheat.top/) water heaters will leave with their 68TH/s fleet. **However, the facility in that VR headset, _with 2.5 EH/s,_ isn't even thinking about this issue!** They have four other major sites like this. While not a scientific study, I spent most of the day on Saturday asking other industrial miners similar questions. For the most part, I got similar responses. To their credit, most hosting companies said that they let their customers choose their pools. However, are those smaller miners more like me or more like IREN? I didn't get a chance to catch anyone at TeraWulf, which is using nuclear power to mine. However, if their response is also Foundry and no plan, that's ~10EH/s that's being contributed to the 51% danger. ## NOT EVEN IN THEIR BEST INTEREST I caught a pretty knowledgable employee from Syntona Friday evening and shared my concerns. He mentioned that this attitude doesn't even really line up with the financial incentives of the miners. I don't use Foundry and AntPool for reasons that are probably pretty obvious by this point in my rant, but he said they're also not the best for fees and FPPS and other reasons that started to fly over my head. He also mused that many of them would be better off solo mining anyway. ## NOW WHAT? So...is there a group that specializes in industrial miner education? Am I imagining a consulting firm waiting to happen? I feel as if I'm identifying a problem with an easy solution, but maybe some stackers here can tell me what I'm missing. I'd love to get on board with anybody that is already trying to make this happen. I'm not so presumptuous as to think I'm the first person to notice this concern, but maybe it actually is just having a fresh ear to the ground where many of you have already walked. _{*actually, not really because I, and probably most folks like me, already mine to smaller pools}  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/629837

@ 66df6056:f3203c64

แนวคิดอันนี้เกิดขึ้นหลังจากที่ผมได้รู้จัก LFS หรือ Log- structure File System มันทำให้ผมเกิดความคิดว่าในเมื่อมันสามารถที่จะเก็บ file และทุก log ของการเปลี่ยนแปลงในแต่ละไฟล์ งั้นแปลว่าในกรณีที่ file โดน encrypt มันก็น่าจะสามารถกู้คืนมาได้สิ เอ้ะแต่ถ้าเครื่องนั้นโดน ransomware ไปรอบนึงแล้วกู้คืนมาแล้วมันก็โดนอีกอยู่ดีมั้ย เลยเกิดไอเดียใหม่ว่าแล้วถ้าเราหา SSD อีกลูกมาเก็บ backup ถ้าโดน ransomware ก็ถอดไปเสียบเครื่องใหม่ก็จบ ตะตะแต่ว่า LFS เนี่ย ดั้นนนใช้ไม่ได้กับ windows หรือ Mac เอาละ ปัญหาใหม่มาอีกละ งั้นต้องทำไงล่ะ ? หึเก็บไว้บอกท้ายบทความละกัน มาทำความเข้าใจโปรเจคนี้กันทีละขั้นตอนกันดีกว่า Log-structure File System (LFS) ----------- เป็น File system รูปแบบหนึ่งที่จะทำการเก็บข้อมูลเป็น log และสามารถย้อนกลับได้ทุกการกระทำ นอกจากมีความถี่ในการสร้าง snapshot ที่สูงมาก จริง ๆ แล้วเหมาะกับงานประเภทที่ต้องการความต่อเนื่องหากดบัไปต้องกู้คืนได้มากที่สุดเท่าที่เป็นไปได้ แต่เพราะไอความสามารถตรงนั้นของมันนี่แหละ ที่ผมมองว่ามันน่าจะหยิบมาใช้กับการกู้คืน file หลังจากโดน ransomware ได้แน่ ๆ โดยในครั้งนี้ผมเลือกใช้เป็น NILFS2 เนื่องจากดูแล้วน่าจะเหลือตัวเดียวที่ยังพอมีการพัฒนาอยู่ 5555 รูปแบบการเก็บข้อมูลจะเหมือนกับภาพด้านล่างนี้  ตัวอย่าง: เดิมที file A: "AAAAA" จากนั้นผมได้ทำการอัพเดตข้อมูลใน file A เป็น "BBBBB" ด้วยความสามารถของ LFS มันสามารถที่จะดึง file A เวอร์ชันที่เป็น "AAAAA" กลับมาได้ นี่เป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้ผมมองว่า LFS เหมาะสมที่จะมาเป็นระบบไฟล์ที่ใช้ในการสำรองข้อมูล แต่อยากที่ได้กล่าวไว้ข้างต้นว่าปัญหาของระบบไฟล์นี้คือมันใช้พื้นที่เก็บข้อมูลค่อนข้างสูง และมี write speed ที่ค่อนข้างช้า ถ้าเทียบกับระบบไฟล์อื่น ๆ ในกรณีที่ความเร็วของ SSD เท่ากัน เลยมองว่าถ้าจะใช้เป็นระบบหลักในการเก็บข้อมูลทุกอย่างคงจะไม่เหมาะ เลยนำไปสู่การทำระบบโดยใช้ระบบไฟล์สองแบบที่แตกต่างกัน System Design ----------- อย่างที่ได้พูดถึงข้อเสียของ NILFS2 ไปข้างต้น แปลว่าถ้าอยากจะให้คอมพิวเตอร์ทำงานได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพคงเดิมและสามารถป้องกัน ransomware ได้ด้วยก็จำเป็นต้องมีระบบไฟล์ที่ใช้กันทั่วไปอย่าง FAT32 หรือ ext4 และใช้ SSD อีกลูกหนึ่งที่ format เป็น NILFS2 และเขียนโปรแกรมให้คอยมอนิเตอร์ทุก ๆ กิจกรรมบน user space และทุกครั้งที่เกิดการเขียนไฟล์ขึ้นให้เขียนลงใน SSD ที่เป็น NILFS2 ด้วย ดังภาพที่แสดงด้านล่างนี้  แล้วทำไมไฟล์ในลูกที่เก็บสำรองข้อมูลถึงไม่เท่ากับจำนวนไฟล์ในที่เก็บข้อมูลหลักล่ะ ? เนื่องด้วยความเร็วในการเขียนที่ค่อนข้างแตกต่างกันของทั้งสอง ผมเลยมองว่าถ้าเราเก็บในรูปแบบบล๊อกจะทำให้เก็บข้อมูลได้ไวกว่า อย่างตัวอย่างในรูป สมมุติว่าไฟล์ A มีขนาดประมาณ 3 บล๊อกใน SSD ที่เป็น nilfs2 ก็จะมี 3 ไฟล์และต้องใช้ทั้งสามไฟล์เพื่อที่จะคืนค่าไฟล์ A กลับมา ถ้าอ่านมาถึงตรงนี้อาจจะเกิดข้อสงสัยว่า แล้วจะทำให้มันยุ่งยากทำไม คัดลอกไฟล์มาใส่ก็จบแล้วมั้ย ? ก็ใช่แหละและจริง ๆ ผมคิดว่าทำแบบนั้นก็เพียงพอ แต่ว่าอย่างที่บอกไปข้างต้น ผมอยากได้ระบบที่ป้องกันได้ 100% ผมเลยเลือกที่จะมอนิเตอร์ kernel เอาไว้และเมื่อมีการเขียนไฟล์เกิดขึ้นผมต้องการดึงข้อมูลมาจากตรงนั้นเลย ไม่อยากรอถูกเขียนลงในพื้นที่เก็บข้อมูลหลักก่อนแล้วค่อยคัดลอกมา จริง ๆ ก็ด้วยเหตุผลด้านประสิทธิภาพด้วย แล้วจะมอนิเตอร์ kernel อย่างไร ?? ----------- ในครั้งนี้ผมเลือกที่จะใช้เป็น eBPF (extended Berkeley Packet Filter) จริงแล้วเจ้า eBPF เนี่ยใช้งานได้หลากหลายเลยแหละ เรียกได้ว่าประโยชน์รอบด้านสุด ๆ ตามรูปที่แนบด้านล่างเลย  แต่ในครั้งนี้เราจะยุ่งกับมันเพียงแค่การใช้งานเพื่อสอดส่อง kernel เท่านั้น  ภาพด้านบนนี้แสดงให้เห็นจุดที่เราสามารถใช้ eBPF ในการดึงข้อมูลได้ นั่นเลยเป็นเหตุผลหลักที่ผมเลือกใช้ โดยวางการทำงานทั้งหมดของการมอนิเตอร์ไว้ดังนี้ 1. ใช้ eBPF เพื่อคอยเช็คว่ามีการเขียนเกิดขึ้นมั้ยโดยการอ่านค่า flag จาก NVMe ว่ามีค่าเป็นอะไรจากนั้นนำค่าที่ได้มา XOR ด้วย mask ถ้าค่าออกมาเป็น 1 แปลว่านั่นคือ write_operation (อาจแตกต่างกันแล้วแต่ version) 2. เมื่อเช็คค่าแล้วเป็น write_operation จากนั้นก็ให้ทำการอ่านเลข sector, และขนาดของข้อมูลที่ต้องการจะเขียน 3. จากนั้นเข้าไปอ่านต่อใน Bio ลงไปยัง Bio_vec และไป Bv_page ตามลำดับ เพื่ออ่านข้อมูลทั้งหมดที่มาจากคำสั่งในการเขียนครั้งนั้น ๆ  *ภาพประกอบเพิ่มเติมเพื่อใครงงว่า Bio คืออะไรข้อมูลเวลาเราเขียนจะอยู่บน page 4. ส่งข้อมูลที่ได้ทั้งหมดออกมา เพียงเท่านี้เราก็ทำการดึงข้อมูลทุกครั้งที่เราเขียนได้แล้ว และจะนำมันเข้าสู่ขั้นตอนต่อไปในการเก็บข้อมูลลง SSD เก็บข้อมูลและส่งไป SSD ที่เป็น nilfs2 ----------- เมื่อได้ข้อมูลมาจากการทำงานที่ได้กล่าวไว้ข้างบนแล้ว ก็จะได้ชุดข้อมูลมาชุดหนึ่ง ส่งออกมันมาจาก ebpf(C program) มาสู่ Python ต่อโดยมีขั้นตอนดังนี้ 1. นำเลข sector ที่ได้มาทำการคูณด้วยขนาดของ sector เพื่อให้เราได้ logical address มา จากนั้นให้นำ logical address หารด้วยขนาดของบล๊อกเพื่อให้ได้เลขบล๊อก 2. นำข้อมูลในแต่ละ sector มาเรียงลงในบล๊อกที่มันอยู่ละบันทึกลงไปใน SSD ตัวอย่างเพื่อให้เห็นภาพมากขึ้น สมมุติว่าข้อมูลที่ส่งกลับมาขนาด 4097 B และเริ่มเขียนที่ sector 0 (กำหนดให้ 1 sector มีขนาด 512B และ 1 Block มี 8 sector) 4097/512 = 8.xx ก็แปลว่าข้อมูลนี้ต้องเก็บใน 9 sector คือ sector 0 ถึง 8 และ 8 sector รวมเป็น 1 block แปลว่าข้อมูลใน sector 0-7จะอยู่ใน block 0 และ sector 8 จะอยู่ใน block 1 แปลว่าโปรแกรมของผมจะสร้างมาสองไฟล์คือ 0,1 จากนั้นจะทำการเติม 0 ท้ายไฟล์ 1 จนมีขนาด 4096 B เท่ากับขนาดของ block สำหรับคนที่งงว่า sector บล๊อกคืออะไร  ให้ดูตรงรูปกลม ๆ ทางซ้ายมือจะเห็นได้ว่ามันเป็นหน่วยความจำในจานหมุน ซึ่ง sector คือหน่วยย่อยสุด และ sector รวม ๆ กันหลาย ๆ sector จะเป็น cluter บางที่ก็เรียก Tracks บางที่ก็ Block ซึ่งนี่แหละคือบล๊อกที่ผมหมายถึง เพียงเท่านี้เราก็ได้ระบบที่สามารถป้องกัน ransomware ได้แล้ว เพราะเนื่องจากเมื่อเราโดน ransomware และไฟล์เราถูก encrypt เราก็เพียงใช้ความความสามารถของ SSD ลูกที่เป็น nilfs2 เพื่อนำไฟล์ดั้งเดิมก่อนจะถูก encrypt กับมาได้ดังรูปประกอบด้านล่างนี้  ส่งท้าย ----------- จริง ๆ แล้วที่ผมเก็บเป็นไฟล์ block เพราะผมอยากให้ backup file สามารถเข้ากันได้กับทุกระบบไฟล์เพื่อให้สามารถใช้งานได้กับทุกระบบ ถึงจะยังทำไม่ได้ก็เหอะ 55555

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ใช่ครับ 31 กรกฎาคม 2567 ขอบันทึกการเจอนี่ไว้หน่อยว่า เป็นการทำงานในงานโฆษณาเป็นวันสุดท้าย หลังจากวันนี้ก็จะไม่ได้เอี่ยวกับงานในวงเวียนนี้อีกแล้ว รวมถึงได้ยุติการเป็นหุ้นส่วนของบริษัทด้วยพร้อมๆกัน ใช่ครับ ผมยุติบทบาทการหุ้นด้วย ปล่อยให้เพื่อนอีกคนเผชิญชะตากรรมในเส้นทางนี้ต่อไป หลังจากลุยกันมา 22ปี ในรูปแบบบริษัท และ 3 ปีในแบบฟรีแลนซ์ ภาพนี้เป็นโต๊ะทำงานภาพสุดท้าย  และกีตาร์เป็นของอย่างแรกที่เอาเข้ามา แต่เป็นของอย่างสุดท้ายที่เอาออกไป  พรุ่งนี้ก็จะไม่เหมือนเดิมอีกต่อไป ดีร้ายก็มาดิ เจอกัน 555 ผมจะพยายามดำเนินชีวิตในแบบที่ตัวเองอยากทำ มากที่สุดเท่าที่จะทำได้ครับ 555 ร็อคกี้ บอกว่าหมัดหนักแค่ไหนไม่สำคัญ สำคัญที่เราจะรับหมัดหนักๆได้นานเท่าไรต่างหาก

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I just got this message through linkedin. That's more econ job openings at one place than I've ever seen. From scrolling through, they appear to mostly be with the IRS and based outside of DC. In a normal job market year, there are fewer than 1000 economist job openings in the entire country, IIRC. Does anyone know what this is? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/629088

@ 491afeba:8b64834e

Existem sistemas integrados de decisões coletivas que chaveiam os destinos de povos, em interno ao sistema há uma vasta rede de discursos e escolhas colaterais que geram variantes sobre os futuros dos indivíduos, que mesmo sobre interindependência ainda estão dentro de uma lógica superior qual rege as sociedades e civilizações humanas. No geral é inevitável que o ser não isolado em sua própria realidade, assim então desperto e não imerso para a optica geral coletiva , em oposição à óptica singular do indivíduo — desperto sobre sua realidade e imerso na Janela de Overton — se vê como parte do processo, porém erroneamente se vê como sujeito da ação que rege as decisões, não como o que de fato é: uma ferramenta dos sujeitos reais da ação. O eleitor é o número, a eleição é o espetáculo, os políticos são os atores e quem o planeja são os "Senhores", dessa forma explicitamos o fim do espetáculo. Sobretudo, há um padrão na literatura universal: a vilania está sempre em posição de poder, isso pois destaca a ameaça por via da força, e quem a detém é geralmente alguém que possui as ferramentas políticas para tal, sejam elas lícitas ou ilícitas, sejam eles presentes no estamento burocrático ou não, porém há o segundo padrão: a vilania sempre busca a ascenção por via da subversão. É comum que essa subversão passe pela transição do lícito pelo ilícito, motivo pelo qual os ditadores possuem relações com máfias, grupos narcoterroristas, facções terroristas e etc. Por além do segundo padrão, há o terceiro: o poder oculto. Entre esses podemos traçar um paralelo entre o recém "reeleito" Nicolás Maduro e o *Deep State* americano, e assim podemos explicitar, além do sucesso de um deus, a verdadeira vitória da "democracia". A priori a representação do arquétipo vilanesco de Anticristo comumente dá sua face por cima de uma escada em obras de ficção, assim ocorre em referência à simbologia esotérica da ascenção espiritual, isso em alto grau de elavação, porém por um poder imanente. No presente momento político dos povos o Anticristo está sobre o topo das escadas tal como nas ficções, lá se apresenta no topo de sua suposta "glória" para expor, de alto e bom tom, quem realmente manda e desmanda na ordem dos eventos, e de onde esse poder emana, no caso, do deus em oculto por de trás da grande cortina violeta, qual vemos como "democracia". Em uma subversão lógica, desconstruindo os valores universais católicos-cristãos quais organizaram o Ocidente, o Anticristo não é um "vilão", mas sim um herói do destino dos povos, trata-se do libertador, do homem que unirá tudo e todos e consolidará o avanço na luta contra Deus, ou então, contra o demiurgo, portanto, esse Anticristo há de herdar as vontades de Azazel e a manifestação do mal sobre a humanidade, qual gerou a nós o anátema. A modernidade nos ensinou a condenar Deus por decorrência do anátema, nos ensina que o pecado é o caminho da liberdade, e assim nos incentiva à negá-lo, primeiro como Deus e segundo como Verdade, assim nos ensina também que Cristo é um problema a ser superado e que todos os elementos que inibem a força revolucionária coletivista na derrubada da autoridade do Deus trinitário cristão-católico devem ser destruidos, em paralelo preza-se pelo levantamento de novos deuses, assim saímos de um período de destruição para adentrarmos o levantamento de novas divindades, essas quais estão presentes nos projetos de Estado.  De forma prática, foi visto ontem, no dia 28 de julho, a vitória da "democracia" na eleição fraudada de Nicolás Maduro, essa comemorada por dois grupos em específico: os socialistas ortodoxos, como a turma do PCO & amigos, e os "socialistas de direita", como os adeptos do dugnismo pró-eurasiano, adeptos esses quais recebem apelidos de "naCHIoNAlistas" e "russófilos", em exemplo o grupo Nova Resistência. O processo eleitoral foi efetuado estrategicamente para **1-** mostrar ao povo que a lei não importa mais, o que importa é a ordem, assim para gerar imponência sobre a população e fazê-la entender que ou se é venezuelano e está com Maduro ou está convidado a se retirar do país pois a opinião de massas não destruirá mais o poder instituido pelos bolivarianistas e pelo narcotráfico, e **2-** gerar falsas esperanças aos opositores, que sem cautela e em histeria usaram da voz para atacar o *soberano* da política venezuelana crendo piamente na lisura e chance de vitória, não somente destinado a expor a inescrupulosidade dos liberais antichavistas, como dos simpatizantes internacionais ao fim do regime ditatorial de Nicolás Maduro. O fato é que a Venezuela, a partir dessas eleições, se torna um caso indenfensável para aqueles que buscam conciliar o socialismo com a democracia, pois trata-se de um Estado de exceção qual a lei não possui autoridade frente aos planos e projetos políticos, que preponderam em avanço sem freios, a defesa do regime de Maduro está nas mãos dos dois grupos anteriormente citados, compostos por uma nata bastante duvidável das bolhas dentro das guerrilhas informacionais no universo das propagandas políticas massivas, e que é tão inescrupulosa como a porção caricata da suposta "direita latino-americana", essa ecumênica, laical, maçônica e liberal. Ocorre que esses citados já não buscam o mantra da democracia para proteger seus ideais, o oposto, partindo deles há a defesa do fim do modelo democrático, o que por vez não é errado, desde que tal bandeira não seja usada para defesa de tiranos e de tiranias, o que é o caso presente. Dos caminhos presentes para a permanência da posição de defesa do regime de Maduro há mais um, além da defesa do fim das democracias, e é a defesa da democracia "herdada", que na prática é o uso da mentira para induzir as massas a crerem que o desejo do povo se faz por uma consquência progressiva e histórica da manifestação dos anseios populares, independentemente da resposta popular nas urnas, que o desejo das gerações passadas era por uma Venezuela socialista, esses desejos foram transmitidos ao regime legal e democrático de Chavez, que foi procedido por seu herdeiro, Maduro, e que a partir disso é legítimo a perpetuação do poder político de Maduro independente dos desejos populares presentes das "massas alienadas". O problema dessa posição é a crença de que as posições de aceitação e rejeição são imutáveis e que os desejos são eternos, que os povos não se tranformam racionalmente e que a estrutura política é uma força regente dos povos de forma ampla, como se da política viessem os avanços técnicos, tecnológicos, de pensamento, de conhecimento, de saberes, moral, ético, cultural e etc., ou que inexistem as decadências civilizacionais e culturais, e claro, se houver legitimidade na democracia herdada então haveria legitimidade na consolidação dos chauvinismos do século XX em retorno ao século XXI, amplamente rejeitados hoje pela sociedade civil, anacronicamente, trata-se então de um apelo desesperador por parte de uns, algo insustentável, logo àquele que se por em defesa da democracia "herdada" se colocará, mais cedo ou mais tarde, em defesa do fim das democracias. Assim, em paralelo, outro anticristo se mostra presente no topo das escadas, esse menos personalista, trata-se do poder oculto norte-americano, que está em via de **1-** permitir a vitória de Donald Trump e ver suas partes serem perseguidas, presas, ou banidas do país, e **2-** manipular os resultados para **vencer** na marra, algo possível. Se ocorrida a primeira possibilidade de evento o *deep state* americano terá uma luta mais árdua contra seu presente inimigo, os esforços serão maiores para manter a estabilidade política frente a decadência dos Estados Unidos na nova configuração global das esferas de poder e influência no mundo, a estabilidade deverá se tornar instabilidade para que haja chances de sobrevivência do *deep state* e uma possível destruição completa da direita, assim consolidando o poder que guiará a construção de uma nova civilização sobre a findada "cultura americana", será o fim do processo dialético que move a política repúblicana nas "democracias", issso em território americano, pois do oposto o processo dialético então referido se delonga. Na segunda possibilidade os EUA decreta seu fim em benefício do avanço exponencial do poder das elites financistas, o povo americano será o povo sacrificado para a consolidação de um novo futuro para os povos do mundo, pois esses serão responsáveis infelizes pelo financiamento de conflitos mundo a fora de forma mais vil e truculenta, visando manter ainda forte o poder do *deep state* por via da corrupção, assim a guerra ao dinheiro será mantida, sem retorno.  Quando o anticristo descer as escadas estaremos em outro cenário, então entenderemos o que é um "plano" muito bem arquitetado, e então perceberemos que a democracia não é um deus falho, pelo contrário, a democracia liberal é um deus que obteve sucesso em seu dever de consolidar a tirania sofisticada e oculta por via da grande mentira democrática. O poder nunca se tratou de capacidade de mover as massas, mas sim do domínio sobre a subversão da realidade, para que então esteja dentro da guerra pela destruição da criatura e tenha seu espaço concedido numa elite burocrática ou financeira, isso é possível se o soberano detém a imprensa e o poder monetário (sobre a moeda nacional) nas mãos. A movimentação processual desses sistemas integrados de decisões sobre os rumos dos povos tenderão a levar a humanidade para uma autodestruição, as civilizações serão atacadas para o avanço de um mundo primeiro multipolar para que depois opere conforme os sonhos da "República Universal", no momento aqueles que acreditam na lisura, nas leis e na suposta benevolência dos Estados nacionais para guiar os povos à liberdade são partes do problema, são financiadores contumazes da destruição e da luta contra Deus, uma vez que abraçam as mentiras para defender o poder estatal de forma análoga ao poder divino. Para esses, defender um projeto, um plano, um futuro, é mais importante do que aceitar a Verdade revelada, é claro, esses quais me refiro estão sobre o lado das massas, pois a violência contra Deus passa a preponderar no lado daqueles que estão dentre as forças regentes, nesse caso sem cogitar em pedir perdão à Deus pelas ofensas e pelas blasfêmias.

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

 @rizzling still holds the record for [National Debt Snake](https://national-debt-snake.vercel.app/), but the US fed is upping their game! How do you fair? https://national-debt-snake.vercel.app/ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628783

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

 For those unfamiliar with my [nostrminusnostr](https://nostrminusnostr.vercel.app/) project, it filters out notes about bitcoin and nostr on the nostr protocol. The goal is to create a place where people can actual use nostr to discuss something other than nostr. Today I'd like to unveil the [kittens tab](https://nostrminusnostr.vercel.app/kittens). https://nostrminusnostr.vercel.app/kittens This isn't a filter to kittens and puppies in the same way that the sports tab filters in only sports content. Instead, I've replaced every reference to nostr or bitcoin with a reference to puppies and kittens. Also, people that didn't write a bio each get to share a fun doggy fact and all pictures are of cats and dogs. Some of the results are quite funny if I do say so myself. The goal: you can still get your bitcoin and nostr news on nostr without actually reading those words over and over and over and over and over again. I hope this helps.  Sadly, they do not. He should, of course, cut them some slack since...you know...they're dogs.  >a FEAST for the eyes Not really. It's just a dog.  Anywho, enjoy. https://nostrminusnostr.vercel.app/kittens originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628754

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

This is a question I mull over occasionally. We hear about "toxic masculinity" all the time and I think it's a perfectly easy concept to grasp. That implies there's a healthy masculinity, but we don't hear about that nearly as often. This topic popped into my head while watching the Trump assassination attempt video. My eyes were drawn to the men in the background who dove to cover their loved ones. In particular, I noticed one man who was apparently there with his kid and I could feel his terror as he covered his kid with his body until well after the shots stopped. It's hard to convey to those without kids how resonant that imagery is. Then we find out that the man who died, Corey Comperatore, was shielding his family with his body. In my book, that's as masculine as it gets and that man is as big of a hero as anyone can be. I was listening to Part of the Problem earlier today and they were talking about masculinity. Dave was making fun of the lame superficial internet version that's embodied by Andrew Tate. His take was that masculinity boils down to "protection and provision". They also discussed the importance of being "peaceful, but not harmless" and how being harmless is essentially the least masculine trait. At the heart of this, there's a recognition that ultimately we are more expendable than our loved ones and we need to be able to act on that. What do you all think? I'm eager to hear your thoughts. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628725

@ 77b64ba1:87834c6e

another test blog post

@ b2caa9b3:9eab0fb5

*Moshi, Tanzania* Ah, the sweet escape of a charming café. As I sit here, sipping on a cappuccino, the gentle hum of my laptop provides a comforting backdrop to the bustling afternoon. For the past few days, I’ve been immersed in the digital world, meticulously sorting through years of photos. With a decent internet connection at my hostel, I finally managed to download my Google Photos archive and embark on this daunting task.  Progress is slow but steady. I’ve managed to categorize all my photos up until the end of 2023 into daily folders. Now comes the more challenging part: tackling 2024 and organizing all of them by location. It's a labor of love, but one that will undoubtedly pay off in the long run. Today, Moshi decided to throw a curveball. A widespread power outage forced me to seek refuge in a café with reliable electricity. Luckily, I stumbled upon the delightful Union Café, a haven of calm amidst the chaos. While it lacked internet, at least I could charge my depleted devices.  My brief escape from the hostel also provided an opportunity to capture some street scenes. Unfortunately, the joy of photography was quickly overshadowed by the relentless pursuit of eager salesmen. It seems as though every white person is a walking ATM in this part of the world. The situation has worsened compared to my previous visits, and it's disheartening to see Tanzania following Kenya's footsteps in this regard.  On a personal note, my neck is aching, and a massage sounds like pure bliss. However, the fear of being scammed is holding me back. For now, it's time to pay the 5,000 TZS cappuccino bill and head back to the hostel.  I've decided to give Digikam another shot for photo management. Despite some initial hiccups with importing from Google Photos, I'm hopeful that it will be the right tool for the job. I'll experiment with other features over the next few days. As the day winds down, I'm eager to share more about my Moshi adventures, including photos from my stroll. But for now, it's time to relax and recharge. Stay tuned for more updates!  ## Online [Profile Page](https://rubenstorm.de.cool/) | [Support Page](https://rubenstorm.12hp.de/) > Feel free to support me by sending some sats via the lightning network to rubenstorm@sats.mobi

@ e307396d:f43eabc5

Post

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

It's been a while since the last Degenerate Corner. Sports betting has slowed down a bit, at least for the sports with odds at [FreeBitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722). They just opened a pool for the Dutch Grand Prix. I made a killing on the last Formula 1 event, almost tripling my bet. For those new to the series, check out my post [RBOA](https://stacker.news/items/342765/r/Undisciplined) to see why I like this site for betting and how their odds work. They really do offer better-than-fair odds for early bettors. Share your recent sports betting adventures and misadventures in the comments. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628381

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

First and foremost, this is no bullshit clickbait, here's my NFA - Use custodial wallets (WoS for example) - Cheer Trump and Bukele for accept bitcoin - Embrace artists to upload their art using ordinals It's something made me thinking because long time ago, a friendly user of Stacker News named @DarthCoin made a comment pointing as follows: > *The whole point of the force is to NOT take sides, **but use all powers**, in a balance and full knowledge.* > -- [Darthcoin, bitcoiner](https://stacker.news/items/154849)  When he/she made the comment in that time, I didn't realise. The original post was my concern because Lightning Network (and zapping) was working mostly custodial and my fear was legit but not rational. These days, between elections and international events, with CT divided in the views and perspectives of political happenings, I felt more lost than ever. And that’s when this message reached my understanding and my way of thinking. We, as a community, are trying to follow the same path as the politicians in power, dividing ourselves and trying to mark territories. Even when the debate over ordinals came up, we wanted to draw a line (that doesn’t exist) in a politician-like manner, not politically. ### Force is that..force Force is an energy. Many bitcoiners (myself included) wanted to use only a part of our arsenal and forced both my body and those around me to follow that usage example. What if we were actually wrong? What if those forces we considered toxic could be used for our benefit? That’s where it all makes sense. In these recent international political events, we tried to put up a moral barrier only to unnecessarily climb to the top of the building. We need to welcome everyone. Today, Bitcoin needs all available forces, which is where I understood the above-mentioned idea. It doesn’t mean taking sides but using to our benefit what nature itself has already given us. The events that we don’t control, we won’t because the world is too big and with each passing day, there will be more and more openness internationally. Do we want to tell those joining us, *“Hey, use non-custodial, no-KYC bitcoins, set up a node*”, or do we want to say, *“Just use bitcoins”* and that’s it? **Force is neither good nor bad. It’s about how we execute and use it**. When your *enemy* introduces bitcoins into the nervous system of the global financial scheme, you don’t interrupt them. You thank them, support them, and cheer for their *wisdom*. Yes, it’s true that they don’t care about Bitcoin, so what? Many don’t care and yet, unknowingly, they need bitcoins in their lives. It took me more than 300 days to understand this. Thanks, Darth[^1]. [^1]: But also, f**k you originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628253

@ b4403b24:83542d4e

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/628023

@ 2063cd79:57bd1320

Schon mehrmals in diesem Format habe ich die Vorzüge von Bitcoin gegenüber allen anderen Assetklassen, Geldformen und Zahlungsmitteln erwähnt. Meine Gleichung > Bitcoin ist * dezentral + * zensurresistent + * erlaubnislos + * nicht diskriminierend * ein weltweit liquides Zahlungsmittel + * ein extrem knappes Zahlungsmittel + * einfach selbst zu verwahren = Freedom Money habe ich schon in mehreren Ausgaben zitiert. Die verkürzte Zeit zur Recherche und der Spirit der Freiheit, ausgelöst durch Urlaub und Independence Day Wochenende, haben mich dazu inspiriert diese Woche auf die jeweiligen Punkte mehr im Detail einzugehen. --- ##### **Bitcoin ist dezentral** Bitcoin ist das einzige anerkannte Geld der Welt, das dezentral, d.h. nicht von einer Behörde, einer Organisation, einem Staat, einer Gruppe von Individuen, oder einer einzelnen Person herausgegeben, gesteuert oder überwacht wird. Es gibt keine Zentralbank, kein Komittee, oder sonstiges Organ, dass Entscheidungen für, gegen oder um Bitcoin trifft. Bitcoin basiert auf einem Protokoll. Es wurde mit Satoshi Nakamotos Whitepaper (bitte unbedingt lesen!) im Oktober 2008 zum ersten Mal beschrieben. Im Januar 2009 wurde der erste Block geminet. Diesen Block, also den ersten Block einer jeden Blockchain, nennt man auch Genesis Block.  Ohne auf die Geschichte von und rund um Satoshi zu sehr einzugehen, ist dieser Erfinder von Bitcoin verschwunden, untergetaucht, hat nie existiert, wurde zur Seite geschafft ... sucht euch eine Version eurer Wahrheit aus. Fest steht, dass es bis auf einige wenige Individuen (aus den ersten Maillist Tagen, oder namentlich im Whitepaper erwähnt, etc.) gibt, die dem Gründungsmythos zugeschrieben werden können und auch die bitcoins, die Satoshis Wallet zugeschrieben werden, haben sich seit dem nie bewegt. Es gibt also niemanden, der mit Bitcoin personifiziert werden könnte. Es gibt auch niemanden, der es jemals geschafft hat, diese Rolle einzunehmen. Das unterscheidet Bitcoin fundamental von allen anderen Digital Assets, die NIE vollständig dezentral sind. Das Bitcoin Protokoll beruht, wie von Satoshi vorgesehen, auf einem dezentralen Netzwerk von unabhängigen Nodes, die jede kleinste Änderung am Code übernehmen müssen und somit eine Art demokratisches Wahlsystem innehaben. Das löst Bitcoin von staatlichen, politischen, religiösen, demografischen, geografischen und anderen von Menschenhand gezogenen Grenzen und macht es wahrhaftig dezentral. --- ##### **Bitcoin is zensurresistent** Es gibt keine Möglichkeit Bitcoin zu verbieten. Staaten haben die Möglichkeit z.B. Mining zu verbieten, oder gewisse Services rund um Bitcoin einzuschränken, aber es wird unmöglich sein einem Menschen zu verbieten Bitcoin zu benutzen und dieses Verbot auch durchzusetzen. Es gibt unzählige Beispiele in denen Personen (natürliche, juristische, sogar Staaten) ihrer Besitztümer enteignet wurden. Angefangen von Grundstücksenteignungen im sogenannten Sinne des Allgemeinwohls, bis hin zu den Sanktionen gegen Russland und den damit einhergehenden Beschlagnahmungen Russischer Staats- und Privatvermögen. Die einzige Art heutzutage zensurresistent, also ohne jegliche Überwachung, Überprüfung oder Einmischung zu handeln ist mit Bargeld und in persona. Klassisches Dealer-Konsumenten Verhältnis also. Obwohl Bitcoin Transaktionen entgegen fälschlicher Behauptungen nicht anonym sind, sind sie immerhin nicht reversibel. Jeder Node im Netzwerk kann eine Transaktion erstellen und versenden und jeder Miner kann jede Transaktion minen. Eine Transaktion bahnt sich also immer ihren Weg. Daher ist eine Zensur von Bitcoin Transaktionen praktisch unmöglich und damit eine Beschlagnahmung von bitcoins in der Theorie auch (es sei denn die Hardware auf denen bitcoins gespeichert ist wird konfisziert). --- ##### **Bitcoin ist erlaubnislos** Ohne Erlaubnis, ohne Vertrauen und ohne Kenntnis einer weiteren Partei eine Transaktion durchzuführen und auch zu genehmigen, ist das eigentliche große Feature von Bitcoin. Denn zwei Parteien können eine Summe austauschen, ohne zu wissen, wer die Gegenpartei ist, ob die Gegenpartei liquide ist, und vorallem ohne dass eine Drittpartei eingreift, um irgendwelche Informationen zu validieren. Das bedeutet, dass es jedem und jeder freigestellt ist eine Bitcoin Transaktion durchzuführen, vorausgesetzt sie wird vom Netzwerk als valide eingestuft. Einige Grundvoraussetzungen müssen also erfüllt sein, doch haben diese nichts mit sozialem Status, Parteizugehörigkeit, Geschlecht, Religion, etc. zu tun. Es gibt nämlich keine Aufsichtsbehörde und keinen Regulator. Die Peripherieprodukte rund um Bitcoin lassen sich regulieren. Das gesamte Bitcoin Ökosystem bestehend aus tausenden Firmen, Gesellschaften, Produkten und Einzelpersonen, die sich irgendwie mit Bitcoin auseinandersetzen, ist idealerweise reguliert und in der jeweiligen Jurisdiktion gesetzlich geregelt. Will man mit Bitcoin Waren kaufen, Kredite aufnehmen, oder Rechnungen zahlen, wird man sich wohl oder übel einiger Prüfungen unterziehen müssen. Jedoch wird niemals jemand daran gehindert werden einen Node aufzusetzen und eine Bitcoin Transaktion auszuführen. Es ist sogar möglich eine Transaktion ohne Zugang zum direkten Internet abzusetzen. [No Internet, No Problem: How to Send Bitcoin by Amateur Radio](https://news.bitcoin.com/no-internet-no-problem-how-to-send-bitcoin-by-amateur-radio) --- ##### **Bitcoin diskriminiert nicht** Ruft man sich jüngere Beispiele von finanzieller Zensur und Diskriminierung ins Gedächtnis, wie die erst Anfang des Jahres in die Schlagzeilen geratenen Demonstrationen rund um den Freedom Convoy in Kanada, oder ältere Beispiele, wie bei den Spendeneinnahmen von WikiLeaks nach dem Bekanntwerden der Pentagon Papers, fällt einem jedes Mal das selbe ein. Ein oder mehrere private Zahlungsdienstleister (sprich alle bekannten Zahlungsdienstleister mit Plastikkarte und Paypal) stoppen den Geldfluss, frieren Bestände ein oder blacklisten einen Empfänger auf Druck von staatlicher Seite. Im traditionellen Finanzsystem erfahren viele Menschen Racial Profiling, sind mit zusätzlicher Bürokratie konfrontiert und haben es schwerer Kredite zu bekommen, weil sie die falsche Hautfarbe, den falschen Namen oder das falsche Alter haben. Die Liste der erlittenen Probleme durch Voreingenommenheit geht weiter. Bei Bitcoin gibt es keinen Gatekeeper, der anhand irgendwelcher Merkmale Zugang gewährt oder verweigert.  Das Protokoll interessiert sich nicht für solche Faktoren. Es gibt kein Punktesystem, das einem Konto eine höhere oder niedrigere Bonität zuweist. Es ist egal, ob eine Transaktion von einem Wallet mit vielen oder wenigen bitcoins ausgeführt wird. Alle Transaktionen werden gleichermaßen, egal wie klein oder wie groß, in den Mempool aufgenommen und dann vom Netzwerk validiert und der Blockchain hinzugefügt. --- ##### **Bitcoin ist ein weltweit liquides Zahlungsmittel** Es gibt wenige Zahlungsmittel, die auf der ganzen Welt akzeptiert werden. Man stelle sich vor, man ist in einem fremden Land unterwegs und muss ganz dringend eine Rechnung begleichen. Wenn man den zu zahlenden Betrag nicht in der Landeswährung bei sich hat, bleiben einem sehr wenige Optionen. Man kann sich natürlich darüber streiten, aber ich behaupte fast überall auf der Welt eine Rechnung mit Gold, einer Rolex Uhr, in US Dollar Bargeld, oder eben mit Bitcoin begleichen zu können. Gold ist wahrscheinlich das liquideteste aller Zahlungsmittel, birgt jedoch das Problem, dass man die genaue Menge Gramm Gold dabei haben muss, da Wechseln sonst schwierig wird. Bei der Rolex lässt sich argumentieren, dass man erstmal ein langes Gespräch über die Echtheit der Uhr und dann über den aktuellen Marktwert führen muss, um dann das gleiche Problem wie Gold zu haben - kein Wechselgeld. Als globale Leitwährung ist der US Dollar natürlich auch fast überall akzeptiert. Mein Gegenpart bei der hypothetischen Transaktion wird mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit US Dollars akzeptieren, da diese fast überall umgetauscht werden können. Das gilt nicht für alle Währungen, obwohl je nachdem wo man in der Welt unterwegs ist, man wahrscheinlich mit großen Währungen, wie Britischen Pfund, Schweizer Franken oder dem Euro noch Glück haben könnte, so wird es mit kleineren Währungen schwieriger. Denn warum sollte jemand in Nigeria Laotische Kip entgegennehmen? Mit Bitcoin existieren keine Umrechnungsprobleme, der Zeitwert eines bitcoin lässt sich in Sekundenschnelle feststellen, man kann den exakten Betrag überweisen, die Transaktionsgebühren sind vergleichbar gering und man muss auch keine wertvollen Gegenstände mit sich führen. Alles was es braucht ist ein internetfähiges Endgerät und eine Internetverbindung. Natürlich ist dies eine sehr vereinfachte Darstellung, aber wenn die Infrakstruktur geboten ist, ist eine Zahlung in Bitcoin kein Problem. Der folgende Tweet fasst dies gut zusammen, natürlich in einer viel privilegierteren Umgebung, aber die Idee wird deutlich: --- ##### **Bitcoin ist ein extrem knappes Zahlungsmittel** 21 Millionen. Nicht mehr, wahrscheinlich deutlich weniger. So viele bitcoins wird es einmal geben (im Moment sind 19 Millionen im Umlauf, um die nächsten 2 Millionen zu minen wird es noch ca. 100 Jahre dauern). Das steht fest, das hat Satoshi so festgelegt, das lässt sich nicht ändern. "Aber wie kann es nur 21 Millionen geben, wenn man jeden bitcoin unendlich oft teilen kann?", hört man oft Skeptiker schreien. Die Rede ist hier natürlich von Sats. Ein Satoshi, die Untereinheit von Bitcoin, stellt ein Hundertmillionstel eines einzelnen Bitcoin (0,00000001 BTC) dar. Das macht aber keinen Unterschied. Wenn ich einen Kuchen in 4 Teile oder 40 Teile schneide, so bleibt die Menge an verfügbarem Kuchen doch die gleiche. Das bedeutet, dass, anders als bei anderen Zahlungsmitteln, nur eine realistisch endliche Menge verfügbar ist. Das macht es im Vergleich zu Fiat Währungen zu einem so wichtigen Wertspeicher, da niemand auf die Ideen kommen kann die Anzahl der sich im Umlauf befindlichen bitcoins künstlich zu erhöhen (oder zu verknappen - ohne einen riesigen ökonomischen Aufwand zu betreiben). Doch Verknappung alleine schafft noch keinen Wert. Das folgende NFT gibt es nur ein Mal auf der Welt, ist also EXTREM knapp. Es ist nicht wert. Der aktuelle Preis liegt bei $0.00. Angebot funktioniert immer nur im Tandem mit Nachfrage. Niemand fragt nach einem rot-braunen Bild. Viele viele Menschen hingegen fragen nach Bitcoin und noch viel mehr Menschen werden zukünftig nach Bitcoin fragen. Und dennoch wird sich an Bitcoins Angebot nichts ändern. 21 Millionen. Es werden auch nicht mehr bitcoins zur Verfügung gestellt, wenn die Nachfrage steigt, oder weniger wenn sie sinkt. Das Angebot ist berechenbar, transparent und stabil. --- ##### **Bitcoin ist einfach selbst zu verwahren** "Be your own bank" ist ein oft verwendeter Slogan rund um Bitcoin. Man braucht kein Bankkonto, man braucht keinen Online Account bei XYZ Exchange, man muss keine Zinsen, Abos, oder sonstige Kosten zahlen, man braucht in der Theorie nur einen Stift und einen Zettel. Zumindest erscheint die Selbstverwahrung von Vermögenswerten zunächst einschüchternd und wie etwas, wofür man doch gerne seiner Bank ein paar Euro oder Dollar im Monat zahlt. Doch Bitcoin erlaubt die Verwaltung von Vermögenswerten bei vollem Selbstvertrauen und ohne eine Bank. Denn die Bank ist nicht nervig, weil sie monatlich Gebühren im einstelligen, maximal zweistelligen Rahmen erhebt, sondern weil Banken sehr vielen Risiken unterliegen. Jeder Grieche wird sich an die frühen 2010er erinnern, als es zu mehreren Bank Runs kam, oder Zyprioten, die 2013 nicht mehr an ihr Geld kamen. In Argentinien gibt es sogar ein Wort für dieses Phänomen, da es so oft vorkommt: *corralito*.  Andere Risiken beinhalten das Einfrieren von Vermögenswerten wegen mutmaßlicher Verbrechen, das Aufkündigen von Konten, Negativzinsen, etc. Und das sind alles First-World-Problems. Wir sprechen nicht von korrupten Banken und Bankern und Politikern / Machthabern in Ländern des globalen Südens, die sich über die Rechtsstaatlichkeit hinwegsetzen und eingelagertes Vermögen einfach beschlagnahmen können. Bitcoin eröffnet eine ganz neue Freiheit in dieser Hinsicht. Jeder Mensch auf der Flucht, jeder Mensch, der sich verstecken muss, oder aus anderen Gründen sein gesamtes Vermögen mit sich tragen muss, muss sich 12 Wörter merken können, um sein gesamtes Erspartes vor Übergriffen zu schützen. Wo gibt es soetwas sonst? --- Die Aufzählung könnte sogar noch einen weiteren Punkt vertragen, denn ist Bitcoin auch unbestechlich. Man könnte argumentieren, dass dies mit Dezentralität und Zensurresistenz einhergeht, doch finde ich, dass es gerade mit Hinblick auf die vielen Interessen, die in den großen heutzutage gefällten Entscheidungen mitschwingen und vor allem mit Blick auf die großen gefallenen Crypto-Operationen der letzten Wochen, zeigt, dass Bitcoin unerbittlich seinen Weg geht. Selbst bei den ganz großen Namen und bei den ganz grossen Investitionen und Spekulationen macht es keinen Unterschied. Es gibt keine Möglichkeit eine Mehrheit zu finden, um ein etwaiges Greater Good durchzusetzen, um den Kurs fiktiv aufrecht zu erhalten oder zu pumpen. Bitcoin hat keine Interessen, außer den von Satoshi erdachten Code fehlerlos auszuführen. Das hat Bitcoin getan, als ein bitcoin unter 1 Cent wert war, das wird Bitcoin tun, wenn ein bitcoin über 1 Million wert ist. Bitcoin ist sein Preis, und damit jeder Preis, egal. Bitcoin ist unbestechlich.  Wenn wir, hauptsächlich Amerika, also dieser Tage die Unabhängigkeit feiern und iherer gedenken, lohnt es sich doch vielliecht mal die unsere eigene (finanzielle) Unabhängigkeit zu überdenken, und die Werte, die sie ausmachen, auf den Prüfstand zu stellen. 🫳🎤 --- In diesem Sinne, 2... 1... Risiko!‌ 

@ 56a6da9b:7f5a2243

Hear me out. I'm getting another Flash Fiction Marathon going. It's a thing where I'm building up to it for the next few days before August 1 when it starts. Please subscribe free to my substack while I write 30 flash fiction stories and podcast them in 30 days. In the meantime, here is my post about Plato and Socrates. (Also, I lure you with some singing) :D https://commercialherschel.substack.com/p/socrates-was-canceled-plato-was-virtue-signaling  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/627324

@ 6bae33c8:607272e8

My first draft of the year went down today — a 12-team NFFC RotoWire Online championship league. I drew the first pick. Here are the results: (live-streamed [here](https://www.realmansports.com/p/beat-chris-liss-1-7eb))  **1.1 Christian McCaffrey** — I didn’t want the first pick, but I neglected to set my KDS, so it’s what I got. It was either McCaffrey or CeeDee Lamb for me, and while my brain said Lamb (massive target hog on a pass-first offense with a stat-padding QB), my gut said McCaffrey as I liked some of the receivers I’d likely get in Rounds 2 and 3. The problem for McCaffrey isn’t just the age, it’s playing all the way into February, three extra games after two extra games the year prior. But the 49ers are such an ideal environment, any running back can get hurt at any age, and McCaffrey is healthy now. **2.12 De’Von Achane** — He was my first choice among potential second-round options, but he was going a few spots ahead per ADP, so I figured I’d get a WR like Jaylen Waddle. But Achane fell, and I snapped-called it. Now my team would probably be better served with Lamb over McCaffrey, but I couldn’t know I’d get Achane in advance. **3.12 Stefon Diggs** — He’s my WR9, while NFFC ADP has him at WR24. I guess they think his second-half decline at age 30 was a big deal, and maybe it is. But it coincided with an offensive coaching change, and it’s hard to believe Diggs would just fall off a cliff midseason after such a monster start. Diggs is getting paid $22.5M on a one-year deal too, which means the Texans intend to feature him, and he’ll be motivated for a new contract. I can’t think of a better landing spot than on a team with an elite young QB, and two good, but injury-prone complements. **4.1 Sam LaPorta** — Maybe this was a mistake as I really needed receivers here, and I passed on Tee Higgins and Amari Cooper. But LaPorta is my TE1, and none of the receivers were on my target list. Sometimes though, you take the solid, but unexciting player because you need to start three every week. But I didn’t. **5.12 CJ Stroud **— I was hoping Marquise Brown would make it back to me, but he didn’t, and when Terry McLaurin went too, I knew I was taking Stroud (ahead of Lamar Jackson and Anthony Richardson) to stack with Diggs. In other words, I’ll have a Texans stack to go along with Achane/McCaffrey/LaPorta. But by taking both a premium QB and TE, along with two RBs, I knew my receiving corps would be thin. **6.1 Ladd McConkey** — He was the only receiver left I really liked here. I don’t know if he’ll be the top target out of the gate, but Justin Herbert is good, and he’s got Joshua Palmer, DJ Chark and Quentin Johnston as his other options, no TE of which to speak and also lost Austin Ekeler. **7.12 Rome Odunze** — I don’t know how he’ll get the targets with DJ Moore and Keenan Allen around, but he was the No. 9 overall pick and has an elite prospect profile. I remember taking Randy Moss as a rookie, when he was “blocked” by Cris Carter and Jake Reed too. **8.1 Jonathan Brooks** — My third rookie in a row, and this might have been a mistake. I needed a third RB, but Raheem Mostert (who I don’t like at 32 and coming off a career-high in carries) would probably have been a better pick, given I have Achane. Brooks should take over for Chuba Hubbard at some point, but he tore his ACL in November, and it might be hard early on for the rookie. **9.12 Courtland Sutton** — This was a hold-your-nose pick, just to acquire some likely target volume for my thin receiving corps. Someone has to catch passes in Denver. **10.1 Rashid Shaheed** — Shaheed has been a playmaker since he entered the league and with Michael Thomas gone, he’s the de facto No. 2 opposite Chris Olave. The Saints don’t have great TEs, either, so he should get 90-odd targets at least. **11.12 Rashod Bateman** — I actually wanted to take Bateman in Round 10, but his ADP was so far below I figured I could wait a round, and I was right. The Ravens are talking him up in camp, and Zay Flowers is more of a short-route, slot guy. Oft-injured Mark Andrews will get a lot of targets too, but there’s room for the 24-YO first-round pick to have a post-hype breakout. **12.1 Tua Tagovailoa** — This was a time-expired auto pick! Rare to do that with back to back picks, but I snap-called Bateman, so it was just like a regular pick. I was trying to type in Ty Chandler when the clock expired. That said, Tua is a fine backup, and the value is certainly fair. **13.12 Roschon Johnson** — I don’t trust D’Andre Swift to hold up, and there are rumors Khalil Herbert might be dealt. **14.1 Michael Wilson** — Marvin Harrison and Trey McBride will get most of the looks, but Wilson should be the No. 3 after a solid rookie year, and Year 2 is when receivers typically break out. **15.12 Kenneth Gainwell** — I hope Saquon Barkley sets the league on fire, but he’s been hurt a good deal. But maybe this was a bad pick because fourth rounder Will Shipley could take on a bigger role in that event. (I honestly had neglected Shipley when building my initial cheat sheet.) **16.1 Roman Wilson** —In contrast to Gainwell, I really like this pick. Van Jefferson is a scrub, and Wilson could be the Steelers No. 2 before long. Moreover, George Pickens seems more like a field stretcher than true No. 1. I expect to have a lot of Wilson at this price. **17.12 Chiefs Kicker** — How could I not take Harrison Butker after the offseason he’s had? **18.1 Elijah Moore** — He’s been a bust so far, but Amari Cooper is getting old, and Jerry Jeudy has never really made it. Moore still has a small chance for a post-hype breakout. **19.12 Giants Defense** — They have three dangerous rushers with Dexter Lawrence, Kayvon Thibodeaux and now Brian Burns and draw Sam Darnold and the Vikings Week 1, and Washington and its rookie QB Week 2. **20.1 Jonnu Smith** — He can catch passes, and the Dolphins receiving corps isn’t very deep. **Roster By Position:** **QB** CJ Stroud **RB** Christian McCaffrey/De’Von Achane **WR** Stefon Diggs/Ladd McConkey/Rome Odunze **TE** Sam LaPorta **FLEX** Courtland Sutton **K** Harrison Butker **D** Giants **B** Jonathan Brooks/Rashid Shaheed/Rashod Bateman/Tua Tagovailoa/Roschon Johnson/Michael Wilson/Kenneth Gainwell/Roman Wilson/Elijah Moore/Jonnu Smith

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

On my phone I use Amethyst, but on the desktop I jump around. It seems none of the web clients are even close to as performant as the the mobile apps, at least Damus and Amethyst. What is everyone using for Nostr when at there computer? I am anxiously awaiting the Damus desktop client which I hope will be my solution, but until that comes to fruition I really want to find the best experience I can on desktop. Thanks! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/627170

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

On the main stage of Bitcoin 2024 in Nashville, Donald Trump, former and presidential candidate, did what every politician does in a spectacular way: make promises that make us dream and give us assurances that we'd like to believe will favor our personal economy. Those who have tried to distance themselves from politics by saying things like _bitcoin is not a tool for politicians_, *bitcoin should not be mixed with politics* among many other assertions, have forgotten the political nature of the internet, as Tim Berners-Lee once stated, [which we need to regain control of](https://webfoundation.org/2017/03/web-turns-28-letter/). We must not be indifferent to the wave of legal attacks on bitcoin which, if you ask me today, does not pose any threat as long as a block can be confirmed on average every 10 minutes, we will be fine. Even so, those of us who wish for a healthy alternative to the financial system to be integrated into everyday life cannot simply run from this challenge and say: *this does not concern us, bitcoin is a tool for everyone and politicians will not help us.*  ### But they will not help us Really, no. A politician with their legislation cannot stop the next block from being mined but can make your life a nightmare and discourage usage through a set of legal tools that disincentivize. Not everyone has the fortitude (yours and mine) to take political hits and keep using a tool for good. Also, consider that the needs of the South are not the same as those of the North, and economic realities dictate different measures for each. But when a politician speaks openly about bitcoin, the greatest responsibility is to hold them accountable for their words. ### What can I do? First and foremost: run your own node, do small-scale mining (if you can), and accept bitcoin in your daily life. Optionally and additionally, keep the pressure on politicians, hold them accountable for their words, and talk to your representative even if you are not from the USA. In Paraguay, where I currently am, there is an illogical persecution of miners by the electrical administration. Don't like it? Well, if you do the first things, you're already in tune. ### And if I want to do more? Bitcoin needs to attract a lot. Today it already does but the hands are insufficient, not because there are no interested parties but because there is a lot to do. Above all, let's take these political events as a *bullish* scenario. Ten years ago, I got excited if Bill Gates or Branson uttered the word *bitcoin*, today we are already expectant and in another scenario where we are seeing the political consequences. **Bullish for bitcoin frens** originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/627008

@ c73818cc:ccd5c890

 👅 La TON Foundation annuncia il Teleport per integrare Bitcoin nella rete TON 🦷 Bitcoin su TON: un nuovo paradigma per la DeFi 👅 La TON Foundation ha annunciato l'introduzione del Teleport, che permetterà di portare Bitcoin sulla rete TON e di riportarlo sulla rete originale tramite smart contract. Questa tecnologia promette di migliorare la rapidità e la programmabilità delle transazioni Bitcoin, pur mantenendo la sicurezza. Sebbene manchino ancora le specifiche tecniche dettagliate, l'iniziativa rappresenta un passo avanti significativo nell'integrazione tra Bitcoin e reti blockchain più prestanti. 🦷 Smart contract e Bitcoin sintetico 👅 Il meccanismo prevede l'uso di smart contract che operano sulla rete Bitcoin per creare un token sintetico sulla rete TON, mantenendo un rapporto 1:1. Gli utenti potranno trasferire i loro Bitcoin o satoshi in uno smart contract, ottenendo un token su TON, e potranno tornare a possedere Bitcoin sulla rete originale distruggendo i token sintetici. Questa soluzione, simile al ckBTC di ICP, promette maggiore efficienza e costi di transazione ridotti. 🦷 La sfida della DeFi su TON 👅 Con questa iniziativa, TON mira a potenziare il suo ecosistema DeFi, attualmente meno sviluppato rispetto ad altre reti. L'introduzione di Bitcoin sintetico su TON potrebbe rendere la rete più attraente per gli utenti e gli sviluppatori, favorendo una maggiore adozione. Tuttavia, rimangono questioni tecniche da chiarire, e il successo dell'implementazione dipenderà dalla capacità di TON di offrire una soluzione sicura e affidabile. Unisciti al nostro gruppo Telegram: https://t.me/Bitcoin_Report_Italia Referral Bitget -10% sulle fee + bonus benvenuto 6w5d o link: https://bonus.bitget.com/U1JNEK #BitcoinReportItalia #TON #Teleport #SmartContract #Token #Toncoin #Telegram #DeFi #AltCoin #Cripto #Bitcoin

@ 048ecb14:7c28ac78

## Chef's notes * Makes 6 buns * Can be cold fermented over night - do what works for your schedule (for a night event, start in the morning ; for a lunch event, prep the night before and cold ferment). * Based on a [recipe by the ChainBaker](https://www.chainbaker.com/yudane-buns/) (whose recipes and [YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/c/ChainBaker/videos) I highly recommend). * This recipe uses a softening technique called Yudane which involves prepping flour + boiling water in advance to making the dough. * Work with the dough in a cool environment < 24°C (75°F) so that the dough is not too sticky. When it's really sticky, I just use a Slap and Fold kneading method.  ## Details - ⏲️ Prep time: 6-7 hr (start to finish) - 🍳 Cook time: 25 - 🍽️ Servings: 3 (2 rolls/person) ## Ingredients - Flour 300g (50g for yudane + 250g for main dough) - Boiling Water 50ml - Milk 150ml - Dry Active/Instant Yeast 4g - White Sugar 20g (can be reduced) - Salt 6g - Butter (softened) 20g - Egg Yolk 1 - [glaze] Egg White 1 - [glaze] Sesame seeds ## Directions 1. [Yudane] Pour 50ml of boiling water over 50g of flour while mixing. Put in fridge to cool for 1.5 hours. 2. Take butter out of fridge and leave to soften 3. In a big bowl add the yeast, salt, sugar, egg yolk. Pour in the cold milk and mix so that the granules can hydrate/dissolve 4. Add the cooled yudane from the fridge and mix. 5. Add in the rest of the flour and mix. Leave to hydrate for 15mins. 6. Scrape the dough out onto a cold surface for kneading. It will be quite wet (especially in a warm environment). Knead for 5-6 minutes, possibly using the slap and fold method due to stickiness. 7. Add the butter, and knead for another couple of minutes so that it is well incorporated. 8. Collect the dough (it's okay if it's still sticky and difficult and not a pretty ball) and move back into the bowl. Cover with plastic wrap. 9. If baking same day, leave for 2-2.5 hours to proof/ferment at room temperature (~24-26°C/75-78°F). Adjust the time for higher/lower temps. If baking the next day, put the bowl in the fridge overnight. 10. After the bulk proofing time is up, prep a scale and weigh the dough. Calculate what each dough ball should be (this recipe makes 6 balls). 11. Slice the dough into pieces weighing the right amount for each ball. I find this is usually around 85g, but depends on factors like how much dough was lost in moving / evaporation etc. so weighing is important. 12. Frequently dust the working area with flour so the balls don't stick. For each ball, loosely fold the edges of the dough into the center, flip it over and let it rest for 10-20 minutes. 13. Once again flip each ball over and fold the edges again inward. A little tighter/cleaner this time. Flip so the folds are down, and gentle roll the dough in a circular fashion with a cupped hand so that it becomes a ball. You can also try to create some tension at the top of the ball if you know how. 14. Prepare the tray you'll bake the buns in, lining the bottom with a cooking sheet. 15. Line up the balls on the tray with a little space between (they'll grow) and place plastic wrap over them so they don't dry out, dusting the tops and side with just a little flour so the film doesn't stick. 16. Leave the balls to proof/rise for 2 hours. 17. Pre-heat the oven to 160°C/320°F. 18. While waiting for the over to heat up, use the leftover egg whites to brush over the buns. Then sprinkle sesame seeds over the top.

@ 2063cd79:57bd1320

#### GBTCs derzeitge Fondsstruktur Warum sollte sich jemand für einen Spot ETF oder Spot Fund interessieren, wenn er stattdessen einfach direkt Bitcoin kaufen kann? Private Anleger und auch kleinere Investoren haben tatsächlich nicht viel davon. Kleine Vorteile gibt es, z.B. dass man sein komplettes Portfolio in einem Brokerage Account zusammenfassen kann, dass man keine Wallets oder Exchange Accounts öffnen und verwalten muss (und sich um seine Keys kümmern muss), seine Steuern einfacher zusammenfassen kann, und je nach Land sogar seinen Rentenfonds mit Bitcoin bestücken kann, etc. Die wirklichen Interessenten für Bitcoin ETFs sind allerdings institutionelle Investoren, die Regularien und Regeln unterworfen sind, und oft auch in Mengen handeln, die ein einfacher Account bei einem Exchange nicht zulassen, und welche ohne Weiteres zwischen verschiedenen Wertpapieren handeln wollen. Im Falle von Grayscales GBTC handelt es sich um ein Finanzvehikel, das es Anlegern ermöglicht, Anteile an einem Trust zu handeln, der große Pools von bitcoins hält. Also ein indirektes Investment in Bitcoin, das nicht unbedingt mit dem Preis von Bitcoin korrelieren muss, man also Bitcoin mit einem Premium (Aufschlag) oder einem Discount (Abschlag) handeln kann - der große Unterschied zu einem Spot ETF. Und genau hier wird es interessant, denn Grayscales GBTC ist ein sogenannter Closed-End Fund (CEF) oder Geschlossener Fonds, der zunächst kleineren geschlossenen Gruppen von Investoren Anteile an GBTC unter der Bedingung, diese 6 Monate lang nicht handeln zu können, verkauft hat. Darüber hinaus sind diese Anteile in GBTC momentan nicht aufkündbar ([Redemption](https://www.fuw.ch/term/redemption)) und das einzige Unternehmen, das Aktien erstellen und vom Markt entfernen kann, ist Grayscale selbst. Dies führt dann dazu, dass zeitweilig dem Markt zu viele oder zu wenige Aktien zur Verfügung stehen und dadurch der Aktienkurs mit einem Abschlag oder Aufschlag auf den Wert der aktuellen Bitcoin Bestände, also der Basiswert (auch als Native Asset Value (NAV) bezeichnet) gehandelt wird.  Das war lange Zeit kein Problem, sondern eher eine Besonderheit, da GBTC lange mit einem durchschnittlich 20%igen Premium gehandelt wurde, aufgrund des Fehlens anderer verfügbarer Optionen für den US-Markt innerhalb der Grenzen und Regeln des traditionellen Finanzsystems. Also, wenn man damals Grayscale 1 US Dollar gegeben hat und dann 6 Monate und 1 Tag gewartet hat, konnte man diesen Anteil mit einem saftigen Aufschlag zu etwa 1,20 US Dollar verkaufen. Das bedeutet, dass die GBTC Anteile mit einem Aufschlag von ca. 20 % gegenüber dem Wert von Bitcoin im Fonds, den jede Aktie zu diesem Zeitpunkt repräsentierte, gehandelt wurden.  Der Prozentsatz stieg und fiel und war bis Ende 2021 immer positiv. Bei Anlagen dieser Art fragt man sich natürlich, wo der Haken ist? 20% durchschnittlicher Rendite klingen zu schön, um wahr zu sein. Naja, die Rendite, also das Premium, war nur so lange positiv, bis es das halt nicht mehr war und aus dem Premium ein Discount wurde. Die Gründe können unterschiedlicher Art sein, z.B. das Investoren Anteile verkauft haben, um anderweitig zu investieren, die Management Gebühren von Grayscale zu hoch und damit unattraktiv wurden, oder schlicht Grayscale zu viele Aktien emittiert haben. Jedenfalls scheint es mehr Verkäufer als Interessenten zu geben.  GBTC wird jetzt mit einem 30%igen Abschlag auf den Wert des Fonds gehandelt (teilweise wurden ATLs von negativ 35% erreicht). Niemand will Grayscale 1 US Dollar geben und 6 Monate später 0,70 US Dollar dafür zurück bekommen. Also werden diese Aktien momentan nicht mehr großartig gehandelt und auch ein Rückkauf durch Grayscale ist ausgeschlossen, denn wir erinnern uns, dass Anteile in GBTC momentan nicht aufkündbar sind.  Das ist einer der Gründe, warum Grayscale mehr als je zuvor daran gelegen ist von einer CEF Struktur zu einer ETF Struktur, die frei am Markt gehandelt werden kann, zu wechseln. Das würde viele Investoren anlocken, die sich Anteile und damit Bitcoin zu 70% des Preises kaufen wollen. Die steigende Nachfrage würde den Preis sehr wahrscheinlich hochtreiben, bis der Fonds bzw. die Aktien am freien Markt schlussendlich wieder den Wert (NAV) der zugrunde liegenden bitcoins widerspiegeln. Das Problem ist, wie oben erwähnt, die SEC, die das Ganze nicht unterstützen will.  #### GBTC als ETF und Auswirkungen auf Anleger / Bitcoin Grayscale hat schon vor der hohen Abschlagssituation Anträge auf eine Umwandlung in einen ETF bei der SEC eingereicht. Allerdings bedeutet die jetzige Situation eine fast 4,5 Milliarden US Dollar schwere Incentive (13,1 Milliarden x 30%), da dieses Anlegergeld eingeschlossen ist und nur durch eine Umwandlung, wie oben beschrieben, oder durch eine Aufkündigung der Anteile seitens Grayscale freigesetzt werden kann. Letzterer Fall ist für Grayscale natürlich undenkbar, da diese dann den Anlegern die zugrunde liegenden bitcoins zum Discount verkaufen und die Differenz schlucken müssten. Außerdem befinden sie sich momentan in der komfortablen Position immer noch Management Gebühren in Höhe von 2% p.A. einzusammeln, obwohl nicht viel getan wird. Als Reaktion hat Grayscale also angekündigt, dass sie planen den CEF Trust in einen Bitcoin ETF umzuwandeln. Anfang des Jahres gab das Unternehmen bekannt, zu 100% entschlossen zu sein, GBTC in einen ETF umzuwandeln. Grayscale hat seitdem ETF-Spezialisten und hochkarätige Anwälte eingeschaltet und sogar damit gedroht die SEC zu verklagen, sollten diese einer Umwandlung nicht stattgeben. [Crypto Fund Grayscale is Hiring Specialists For An ETF](https://decrypt.co/60838/crypto-fund-grayscale-is-hiring-specialists-for-an-etf)  [U.S. SEC rejects Grayscale’s spot bitcoin ETF](https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/us-sec-rejects-grayscales-spot-bitcoin-etf-application-2022-06-30) Die SEC hatte eine Entscheidung über den Antrag bereits im Dezember 2021 und daraufhin wieder im Februar 2022 mit der Begründung verschoben, man wolle die Vorschläge gründlich prüfen. Die Entscheidung der SEC stand dann eigentlich zum 7. Juli an, allerdings kündigte die SEC überraschend gestern Abend ein weiteres Mal an, den Vorschlag abzulehnen. Grayscale haben bereits angekündigt die SEC auf Willkür und Verstoß gegen das Wertpapierbörsengesetz von 1934zu verklagen. [Grayscale sues SEC after rejection of bid to turn the largest bitcoin fund into an ETF ](https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/30/grayscale-sues-sec-after-rejected-bid-to-turn-bitcoin-fund-into-etf.htm) Doch was sind die Vorbehalte, die die SEC und ihr Vorsitzender Gary Gensler gegenüber einem Bitcoin Spot ETF haben? #### Die Beweggründe der SEC und ETFs in anderen Ländern Die offizielle Begründung der SEC sind Bedenken in Bezug auf Marktmanipulation, Betrug, Liquidität und Transparenz. Die hauptauschlaggebenden Argumente sind mangelnde Preiserkennung durch hohe Volatilität, wiederum erzeugt durch einige unbekannte große Accounts und die steigende Zahl der Derivate-Produkte rund um Bitcoin, sowie die vielen unregulierten Börsen. Besonders letztere würde die SEC gerne unter ihre Kontrolle bringen. Das bedeutet bis Coinbase, Gemini, Kraken (oder andere große US Börsen) sich nicht bei der SEC registrieren und sich der SEC Regulierung unterwerfen, ist es unwahrscheinlich, dass die SEC einen Spot ETF genehmigen wird. Dieses Argument ist schwer haltbar, da große Börsen wie Binance, FTX, oder BitMart nicht in den USA registriert sind, und kombiniert ein Vielfaches der in den USA beheimateten Börsen an Handelsvolumen umsetzen. > [T]here’s a lot of work to be done to really protect the investing public. - Gary Gensler, SEC Chair Vorgeschoben wird also bei alledem immer der Schutz der Anleger. Ob dies eine schlüssige Argumentation ist, darf man ruhig in Frage stellen. Denn ein Bitcoin Spot ETF würde vielen Anlegern erlauben Bitcoin in ihr Portfolio aufzunehmen, ohne größeren Spekulationen ausgesetzt zu sein, wie das jetzt mit schon zugelassenen Produkten der Fall ist.  Die SEC hat nämlich schon z.B. Bitcoin Futures ETFs, wie BITO oder BTF, genehmigt, die nicht direkt den Bitcoin Wert abbilden, sondern in Futures-Kontrakte des Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) investieren und so die Wertentwicklung abbilden. Anders als bei einem Spot ETF wird hier also in ein US Dollar Produkt investiert und nicht in einen Fonds der tatsächliche "physische" bitcoins hält. Aus der Sicht der SEC erleichtert dies zwar die Regulierung dieser Produkte, doch ist ein solches Investment für Anleger nicht so interessant, weil nicht wirklich in Bitcoin investiert wird und somit keine direkte Diversifizierung entsteht. [ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF (BITO) Stock Price, News, Quote & History - Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/BITO) [Valkyrie Bitcoin Strategy ETF (BTF) Stock Price, News, Quote & History - Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/BTF) Andere Beispiele sind BITQ, ein ETF der in "Unternehmen, die die neue Kryptoökonomie anführen" investiert, oder RIGZ, ein ETF der sich auf Aktien von Unternehmen, die im Bitcoin Mining tätig sind, konzentriert. Auch diese ETFs sind also Investitionen in US Dollar und haben mit dem effektiven Wert von Bitcoin selbst nichts zu tun. [Bitwise Crypto Industry Innovators ETF (BITQ) Stock Price, News, Quote & History - Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/BITQ) [Viridi Bitcoin Miners ETF (RIGZ) Stock Price, News, Quote & History - Yahoo Finance](https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/RIGZ) Der "Anleger" kann also kaum im Mittelpunkt stehen. Auch wenn man das öffentliche Feedback betrachtet, dass die SEC auf seine Ankündigung Meinungen in der Öffentlichkeit einzusammeln, wird man feststellen, dass das Gros der Interessenten klar für eine Umwandlung von GBTC in einen Spot EFT, bzw. die generelle Einführung eines Spot ETFs, ist.  In Ländern wie Australien und Kanada sind Spot ETFs vom Regulator schon zugelassen worden. [Australia Approves Long-Awaited Spot Bitcoin ETF](https://www.investopedia.com/australia-approves-coveted-spot-bitcoin-etf-5208555) [Canada Approves the First Bitcoin ETF ](https://www.greedyrates.ca/blog/canada-approves-first-bitcoin-etf) Und auch in Deutschland, der Schweiz und Liechtenstein gibt es Produkte, die den Spot Preis von Bitcoin (und anderen Shitcoins) abbilden, allerdings werden diese Papiere oft an kleineren und/oder Technologie-Börsen angeboten --- Warum interessiert uns die SEC, warum sprechen wir über ETFs in den USA, wo wir doch jetzt wissen, dass es in anderen Ländern Bitcoin Spot ETFs gibt, warum halten wir uns mit GBTC auf? Die jüngsten Turbulenzen rund um Unternehmen wie 3AC, Celsius oder BlockFi könnten dazu führen, dass die SEC eine Genehmigungen kritischer betrachtet. Allerdings würde ein Spot ETF dazu führen, dass große Investoren ein vernünftiges Mittel hätten, um ihrem Durst nach Investionen in Bitcoin nachzukommen und somit Investitionen in undurchsichtige Produkte verlangsamen. Dies hätte durchaus mehrere positive Effekte für Bitcoin als Finanzprodukt zur Folge, denn die Vertrauenseinbußen, die es in den letzten Wochen hinnehmen musste, könnten so gelindert werden und massive Finanzinjektionen von Großanlegern in Bitcoin wären dem Preis natürlich auch zuträglich. Ein Spot ETF würde Kosten senken und damit den Zugang amerikanischer Investoren erleichtern und sicherer machen. Das Schlüsselwort hier ist "amerikanisch", denn obwohl es in Europa, Kanada, Australien, usw. schon Spot ETFs gibt, würde sich der Zulauf der amerikanischen Rieseninvestoren natürlich deutlich bemerkbarer machen. Kurz gesagt: Eine Zulassung würde konservativeren, traditionellen und gebundenen, vor allem aber amerikanischen, Anlegern die Tür öffnen, was sich insgesamt positiv auf Bitcoin, seinen Ruf und seine Legitimität und den Preis auswirken würde. --- In diesem Sinne, 2... 1... Risiko!‌ 

@ 2063cd79:57bd1320

#### Fundamentals Was wir gerade beobachten können, ist dass der Preis und die Fundamentaldaten auseinander driften. Die Fundamentaldaten unterfüttern sozusagen das Wertversprechen und damit den empfundenen Langzeitwert von Bitcoin. Bitcoins Wertversprechen, also die Features, die Bitcoin einzigartig und unersetzbar machen, habe ich schon öfter erwähnt. Eine kurze Erinnerung: > Bitcoin ist: * dezentral, * zensurresistent, * erlaubnislos, * diskriminiert nicht, * ein weltweit liquides Zahlungsmittel, * ein extrem knappes Zahlungsmittel, * einfach selbst zu verwahren. Die Fundamentaldaten, die diese Features auch analysierbar und begreifbar machen schauen wir uns her mal an: Hashrate: Die Hashrate des Bitcoin Netzwerks hat sich in den letzten drei Jahren mehr als vervierfacht. Erst letzte Woche hat sie noch ein ATH erzielt und beweist damit, dass das Netzwerk und damit Bitcoin noch nie so sicher war wie derzeit.  Transaktionskosten: Die durchschnittliche Transaktionsgebühr liegt derzeit unter 1,50 USD, was eine große Verbesserung zu den 10 USD im Juli 2021 darstellt. Und wenn man es mit dem zweiten Preis ATH in 2021 vergleicht, stellt man keinen Anstieg der Gebühren fest. Das zeigt, dass das Netzwerk viel besser arbeitet und Bitcoin Transaktionen trotz hoher Kurse vergleichbar geringe Gebühren verlangen und Bitcoin so zu einem liquiden Zahlungsmittel werden lassen.  Kostenbasis: Schaut man sich die Kostenbasis von kurzfristigen und langfristigen HODLern an (mehr oder weniger als 155 Tage), erkennt man, dass sich diese beiden Werte fast kreuzen. Dies weißt darauf hin, dass langfristige Bitcoin Besitzer in der dominierenden Position sind. Das ist ein Zeichen für steigendes Vertrauen ins Netzwerk und sinkende Spekulation im Vergleich zu Investionen als Wertanlage. > If this persists and STH crosses below LTH, historically has marked generational Bitcoin buying opportunities. We are getting close. — Will Clemente (@WClementeIll) June 9, 2022 Einziger Wehrmutstropfen ist, dass die aktuelle Kurssituation negative Effekte auf die Erträge aus dem Mining hat. Wir erinnern uns: > Das Ziel der meisten Miner ist es so viele bitcoins wie möglich in der Bilanz zu halten, wegen der großen möglichen positiven Preisentwicklung. So wird versucht nur die Anzahl an bitcoins zu verkaufen, die nötig ist, um die Kosten zu decken, denn jeder bitcoin, der heute nicht verkauft wird, könnte morgen schon ein vielfaches wert sein. Allerdings führen negative Preisentwicklungen dazu, dass sich viele Miner gezwungen sehen ihre produzierten bitcoins sofort zu verkaufen, um laufende Kosten zu decken und in Teilen führt es sogar dazu, dass das Mining für manche Operationen komplett unwirtschaftlich wird. Die Hashrate nimmt nicht nennenswert ab, und damit bleibt auch die Difficulty relativ stabil hoch. Das bedeutet allerdings nicht, dass das Netzwerk leidet, sondern dass es eine Kräfteverschiebung unter den Minern gibt und dass das Entladen von bitcoins zu vergleichsweise niedrigem Kurs nicht dazu beiträgt eine Kehrtwende in der Preisentwicklung einzuleiten. [Final Capitulation Fears Mount as Miners Send Record Amounts of Bitcoin to Exchanges Bitcoin miners appear to be preparing to offload large amounts of the asset as flows to exchanges peaked this week.](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/final-capitulation-fears-mount-miners-011806966.html) Schaut man sich nur die Fundamentals an, sieht Bitcoin gesünder aus, als jemals zuvor. Das System schnurrt wie ein Kätzchen und es wird Block nach Block nach Block produziert, ganz wie im Protokoll vorgeschrieben. Das zeigt, dass der aktuelle Preisverfall von Bitcoin weitgehend auf die Verstrickungen in der Altcoin-DeFi-Welt und Veränderungen in der Makroökonomie zurückzuführen ist. #### Altcoins / DeFi Seit einem der ersten Posts propagiere ich den Gedanken, dass Bitcoin nicht Crypto ist und es essentiell wichtig ist, diesen Unterschied in die breite Masse zu tragen. Altcoins werden von der Öffentlichkeit als Ersatz für Bitcoin angesehen, obwohl sie es nicht sind. Die meisten Leute denken fälschlicherweise, dass Bitcoin alt und langsam ist, obwohl die genau ausbalancierte Verteilung der Kräfte (Skalierbarkeit, Sicherheit, Dezentralität) von Bitcoin der einzige Weg ist, um diese Art von Technologie langfristig und wie beworben funktionieren zu lassen. Solange Altcoins als Substitute für Bitcoin gesehen werden, wird die schlechte Presse, die diese erzeugen unweigerlich auch auf Bitcoin zurückfallen. Also egal, ob es der (bisher) verunglückte Versuch Ethereums ist, den angekündigten "Merge" durchzuführen, oder andere sogenannte dezentrale Protokolle ihre Blockchain anhalten und zurückdrehen; die erzeugte Skepsis und das Misstrauen wird in den Köpfen vieler auf Bitcoin zurückfallen, da diese nicht differenzieren können. Damit Bitcoin den nächsten Schritt in seiner Entwicklung machen kann, müssen die Menschen verstehen, dass Altcoins kein Ersatz für Bitcoin sind. Viel wurde schon geschrieben zu Terra/LUNA, Celsius, 3AC, Babel und jetzt auch BlockFi.  Bei den erst kürzlich in die Schlagzeilen geratenen Altcoin/Crypto Finanzdienstleistern, ist es nicht nur die wahrgenommene schlechte Reputation, die sich negativ auf das Image von Bitcoin und damit stellvertretend auf den Preis auswirkt, sondern die tatsächlichen Verstrickungen am Rande von Bitcoin mit den angebotenen Produkten eben dieser Dienstleister. Alle diese Altcoin Projekte halten große Mengen an bitcoins (zusammen Bitcoin im Wert von mehreren Milliarden US Dollar). Ohne auf die jeweilgen Produkte in großem Detail einzugehen, benutzen diese Finanzprodukte verschiedenartige Hebel, um ihrer Kundschaft die versprochen hohe Yields zu ermöglichen (so in der Theorie). Bitcoin wird dort genutzt, um die Liquidität ihrer Reserven zu erhöhen, oder um mit den eingelagerten bitcoins anderweitig zu noch höherem Risiko zu spekulieren. Doch mit dem Verfall vieler der zugrunde liegenden gehebelten Produkte und Renditemöglichkeiten, drohen diese Anbieter entweder zahlungsunfähig und nicht mehr existent zu werden oder sind es schon. Dies bedeutet im Umkehrschluss, dass diese bankrotten Anbieter gezwungen werden ihre Sicherheitsreserven zu liquidieren und somit bitcoins in Milliardenhöhe unter Wert auf den Markt werfen. Es wird sich zeigen wie viele dieser Art gehebelter Projekte noch existieren, bevor die große Säuberung vorbei ist.  #### Konjunktur Bitcoin ist eigentlich wie gemacht, um in der aktuellen Makroumgebung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Lage zu gedeihen. Wir haben Rekordinflation, unter anderem ausgelöst durch anhaltende Lieferengpässe bei Energie und Rohstoffen (Chinas Zero COVID Politik, Krieg in der Ukraine, etc.), Medienhysterie und politikgemachte Geldentwertung durch Flutung. Eine Rezession steht uns viel näher bevor, als die meisten Menschen vermuten und das generelle Gefühl einer Sicherheitskultur ist stark gedämpft, sowie das Verbrauchervertauen auf dem tiefsten Stand seit 19 Jahren. Viele Menschen sorgen sich darum, ob ihr Erspartes am Ende des Jahres noch so viel wert ist wie heute, ob sie ihren Job behalten, und wenn, ob das bezogene Gehalt seine Kaufkraft weiter verliert. Dieser Abschwung der Wirtschaft mit der einhergehenden Sorge um den Arbeitsplatz sorgt für einen Vertrauensabbau gegenüber der Arbeits- und Wirtschaftspolitik. Die steigenden Preise mit der einhergehende Sorge um den finanziellen Wohlstand führen zu einem Vertrauensverlust in die Finanzpolitik und das Geldsystem. Vertrauen ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil stabiler und friedlicher Wirtschaftstätigkeit und wenn Vertrauen verloren geht, führt dies zu erhöhten Reibungen im Wirtschaftsgeschehen. Im schlimmsten Fall sogar zu Aufständen und Chaos (wie anfang des Jahres in Kasachstan zu beobachten). Es ist demnach nur selbstverständlich, dass jeder Mensch nach einer Alternativlösung sucht, um sein Erspartes/Vermögen sicher, einfach und ohne finanzielle Verluste einzulagern. Womit wir bei Bitcoins Features wären, die genau diese Alternative bieten. Denn die einzige Lösung, die Sicherheit und Autonomität bei minimalem bzw. komplett ohne Vertrauen schafft, ist Bitcoin. Das dezentrale Netzwerk kann niemals von einer einzelnen Person, einer oder mehreren Regierungen, einem Unternehmen oder einer Koalition kontrolliert werden. Oder was sagt der CEO von Bitcoin dazu?  Doch warum verhält sich Bitcoin derzeit nicht, wie der sichere Hafen, für den es gehalten wird? Aktuell beobachten wir ein Phänomen, in dem der Bitcoin Kurs vollständig an die der Aktienverläufe gekoppelt ist. Diese hohe Korrelation könnte daran liegen, dass dieselben Personen und Gruppen, die in traditionelle Anlageklassen investieren in den letzten Jahren maßgeblich in Bitcoin investiert haben. Durch die von COVID ausgelöste Geldflutung haben Institutionen und Spekulaten angefangen in alternative Anlagen zu investieren, schlicht weil die traditionellen schon komplett überkauft waren. Diese gleichen Gruppen benutzen für ihre Finanzanalyse und Risikokalkulation natürlich weitgehend auch die gleichen Diagramme und Modelle, was zu einem identischen Kauf-/Verkaufsverhalten an den Märkten gesorgt hat. Diese Korrelation wird in langer Sicht aber brechen müssen, da Bitcoin fundamental andere Eigenschaften aufweist, als die traditionellen Anlageklassen. Bitcoin ist eine Anlageklasse für sich und lässt sich nicht mit traditionellen Modellen bewerten. Desweiteren muss Bitcoin viel größere Akzeptanz in der breiten Bevölkerung finden, um in diesen makroökonomischen Umgebungen sein volles Potenzial zu entfalten. Nehmen wir als Beispiel die Türkei. Der Lira hat in den letzten 3 Jahren über 80% seines Wertes gegenüber dem US Dollar und dem EURO verloren. Also eine perfekte Situation, um sich mit seinen ersparten Lira Bitcoin zu kaufen, um a) weiteren Wertverlusten vorzubeugen und b) sein Vermögen weiteren Übergriffen der staatlichen Finanzpolitik zu entziehen. Allerdings ist die Akzeptanz scheinbar noch nicht soweit vorangeschritten, wie wir das in unserer Bitcoin-affinen Blase gerne denken. Denn für viele ist Bitcoin immer noch magisches Internetgeld aus dem Weltall, dessen zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen nicht verstanden sind. Dies ruft eine gewisse Skepsis hervor und erzeugt Zugangshemniss. Viele sehen lieber zu, wie die Ersparnisse reduziert werden, als sie im Internet gegen eine neumodische Währung umzutauschen. Darüber hinaus ist Bitcoin ideologisch sehr stark mit dem Internet verknüpft, was in unserer westlichen Welt synonym für Informations- und Meinungsfreiheit steht, in vielen Ländern dieser Welt allerdings vom Staat zensiert und kontrolliert wird. Dies und der schlichte Fakt, dass sich mit Bitcoin (noch) keine Lebensmittel und andere Grundversorgungsmittel kaufen lassen, führen dazu, dass Bitcoins Preis zurzeit hauptsächlich durch institutionelle und große Spekulanten und nicht durch die vielen kleinen Privatnutzer beeinflusst wird.  Neben Inflationsschutz und Verteidigung vor Über­grif­fig­keit gibt es aber immer noch die Investionsthese von Bitcoin und vielleicht kann der niedrige Kurs einige Privatanleger schließlich doch überzeugen in Bitcoin zu investieren, vorausgesetzt die Rezession wirkt sich nicht zu stark auf die Privatvermögen aus. Besonders in den USA, aber auch vermehrt in Europa befindet sich das verfügbare Einkommen auf dem Rückzug, da steigende Kreditkartenschulden und steigende Zinsen bei der Rückzahlung von Krediten dazu führen werden, dass sich Otto Normal und Lieschen Müller in den nächten Monaten wahrscheinlich nicht in der Lage sein werden Bitcoin zu kaufen. Dieses Kaufkraftdefizit kann jedoch wiederum durch die große Menge vermögender Privatpersonen ausgeglichen werden, die nach einem sicheren Hafen suchen, sollte sich die Rezession weiter verschärfen und sich Staaten weiter so wenig zukunftsorientiert und übergriffig verhalten. Es ist nicht 100%ig klar, welcher der drei oben genannten Gründe hauptauschlaggebend für die Preisentwicklung ist - wahrscheinlich ist es eine historisch einmalige Kombination von allen. Was festzuhalten bleibt, ist dass Bitcoin durch einen Entkopplungs- und Sanierungsprozess geht.  Es ist als wäre Bitcoin ein Organismus, der in der Lage ist sich selbst zu heilen. Bitcoin strampelt sich gerade von den äußeren Einwirkungen frei, wie ein Nashorn, das seine Parasiten abschüttelt. Bitcoin wurde in den Sumpf der Finanzspiele hineingezogenen, die aus der traditonellen Finanzwelt rund um Fiat bekannt sind. Während das Fiatsystem jedoch von den Spielemachern (Zentralbanken) mit Rettungspaketen und Bailouts künstlich am Leben gehalten wird, sobald die Regeln überschritten werden und die Spieler für ihre Regelverstöße disqualifiziert werden müssten, gibt es bei Bitcoin keine höhere Instanz, die über dem Spiel steht und die Regeln zugunsten der unfair Spielenden ändern kann. Die Regeln sind klar, sie sind fest im Protokoll verankert. Das zeigt auch, dass die heute so gängigen unsoliden und nicht nachhaltigen Finanzpraktiken nur funktionieren, wenn das Spielfeld manipuliert und nicht eben ist. Bitcoin mit seinem unkorrumpierbaren Protokoll hingegen schwemmt diese Praktiken raus. Das ist zwar schmerzlich für viele Teilnehmer und diejenigen, deren legitimen Geschäfte auch finanziell leiden (wie z.B. Mining Operations), jedoch ist ein "sauberer", "seriöser" und "stabiler" Bitcoin in Zukunft diese Phase der schmerzhaften Konsolidierung wert. Außerdem müssen wir uns immer wieder ins Gedächtnis rufen, dass Bitcoin erst seit 12 Jahren existiert. In dieser kurzen Zeit reift das System Prozesse, Praktiken und Konzepte aus, die im traditionellen Finanzsystem über hunderte von Jahren erfunden, getestet und weiterentwickelt wurden. --- In diesem Sinne, 2... 1... Risiko!‌ 

@ b804f68e:2fb0fa1f

One key video series on YouTube that helped me wake up and break out of my own matrix was the *Hidden Secrets of Money* series by Mike Maloney. It helped me understand what money is, and helped me better distinguish between currency and money, as well as taught me about the scam that is fiat 'money'. Another more recent addition would be any of Dr. Ekberg's health videos. He made me realize the importance of fixing insulin resistance and carb dependency by working on becoming metabolically flexible and insulin sensitive. What video(s) helped you break out of your matrix? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/625952

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Objavte, ako avatari a pseudonymné identity ovplyvňujú riadenie kryptokomunít a decentralizovaných organizácií (DAOs). V tejto prednáške sa zameriame na praktické fungovanie decentralizovaného rozhodovania, vytváranie a správu avatarových profilov, a ich rolu v online reputačných systémoch. Naučíte sa, ako si vytvoriť efektívny pseudonymný profil, zapojiť sa do rôznych krypto projektov a využiť svoje aktivity na zarábanie kryptomien. Preskúmame aj príklady úspešných projektov a stratégie, ktoré vám pomôžu zorientovať sa a uspieť v dynamickom svete decentralizovaných komunít.

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Jan Kolčák pochádza zo stredného Slovenska a vystupuje pod umeleckým menom Deepologic. Hudbe sa venuje už viac než 10 rokov. Začínal ako DJ, ktorý s obľubou mixoval klubovú hudbu v štýloch deep-tech a afrohouse. Stále ho ťahalo tvoriť vlastnú hudbu, a preto sa začal vzdelávať v oblasti tvorby elektronickej hudby. Nakoniec vydal svoje prvé EP s názvom "Rezonancie". Učenie je pre neho celoživotný proces, a preto sa neustále zdokonaľuje v oblasti zvuku a kompozície, aby jeho skladby boli kvalitné na posluch aj v klube. V roku 2023 si založil vlastnú značku EarsDeep Records, kde dáva príležitosť začínajúcim producentom. Jeho značku podporujú aj etablované mená slovenskej alternatívnej elektronickej scény. Jeho prioritou je sloboda a neškatulkovanie. Ako sa hovorí v jednej klasickej deephouseovej skladbe: "We are all equal in the house of deep." So slobodou ide ruka v ruke aj láska k novým technológiám, Bitcoinu a schopnosť udržať si v digitálnom svete prehľad, odstup a anonymitu. V súčasnosti ďalej produkuje vlastnú hudbu, venuje sa DJingu a vedie podcast, kde zverejňuje svoje mixované sety. Na Lunarpunk festivale bude hrať DJ set tvorený vlastnou produkciou, ale aj skladby, ktoré sú blízke jeho srdcu. [Podcast](https://fountain.fm/show/eYFu6V2SUlN4vC5qBKFk) [Bandcamp](https://earsdeep.bandcamp.com/) [Punk Nostr website](https://earsdeep-records.npub.pro/) alebo nprofile1qythwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wvfskuep0qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3xamnwvaz7tmsw4e8qmr9wpskwtn9wvhsz9thwden5te0wfjkccte9ejxzmt4wvhxjme0qyg8wumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnddakj7qghwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8qunfd4skctnwv46z7qpqguvns4ld8k2f3sugel055w7eq8zeewq7mp6w2stpnt6j75z60z3swy7h05

@ 42342239:1d80db24

Jerome Powell, Chairman of the US Federal Reserve, stated [during a hearing in March](https://archive.is/Wk8md) that the central bank has no plans to introduce a central bank digital currency (CBDCs) or consider it necessary at present. He said this even though the material Fed staff presents to Congress suggests otherwise - that [CBDCs are described as one of the Fed’s key duties](https://x.com/GOPMajorityWhip/status/1768076698690412746) . A CBDC is a state-controlled and programmable currency that could allow the government or its intermediaries the possibility to monitor all transactions in detail and also to block payments based on certain conditions. Critics argue that the introduction of CBDCs could undermine [citizens’ constitutionally guaranteed freedoms and rights](https://underorion.se/en/posts/freedom_to_transact/) . Republican House Majority Leader Tom Emmer, the sponsor of [a bill](https://emmer.house.gov/2023/9/emmer-reintroduces-cbdc-anti-surveillance-state-act) aimed at preventing the central bank from unilaterally introducing a CBDC, believes that if they do not mimic cash, they would only serve as a “CCP-style \[Chinese Communist Party\] surveillance tool” and could “undermine the American way of life”. Emmer’s proposed bill has garnered support from [several US senators](https://www.cruz.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/sen-cruz-introduces-legislation-to-ban-central-bank-digital-currencies) , including Republican Ted Cruz from Texas, who introduced the bill to the Senate. Similarly to how Swedish cash advocates risk [missing the mark](https://www.di.se/debatt/debatt-kontantdebattorerna-missar-malet/) , Tom Emmer and the US senators risk the same outcome with their bill. If the central bank is prevented from introducing a central bank digital currency, nothing would stop major banks from implementing similar systems themselves, with similar consequences for citizens. Indeed, the entity controlling your money becomes less significant once it is no longer you. Even if central bank digital currencies are halted in the US, a future administration could easily outsource financial censorship to the private banking system, similar to how the Biden administration is perceived by many to have circumvented the First Amendment by getting private companies to enforce censorship. [A federal court in New Orleans](https://www.epochtimes.se/Domstol-Bidenadministrationen-falls-for-olaglig-internetcensur) ruled last fall against the Biden administration for compelling social media platforms to censor content. The Supreme Court has now begun hearing the case. Deng Xiaoping, China’s paramount leader who played a vital role in China’s modernization, once said, “It does not matter if the cat is black or white. What matters is that it catches mice.” This statement reflected a pragmatic approach to economic policy, focusing on results foremost. China’s economic growth during his tenure was historic. The discussion surrounding CBDCs and their [negative impact on citizens’ freedoms and rights](nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqs35yguednn9f9equekad0ztklhmnujuvrzgzmtmc3axtcwcpkeyqq2nveejgep5sstt24p4sn66guerjvmjfp692ylc9qn) would benefit from a more practical and comprehensive perspective. Ultimately, it is the outcomes that matter above all. So too for our freedoms.

@ a619eb76:11d75935

II. Quantity, Quality, Morality In the Brave New World of my fantasy eugenics and dysgenics were practiced systematically. In one set of bottles biologically superior ova, fertilized by biologically superior sperm, were given the best possible prenatal treatment and were finally decanted as Betas, Alphas and even Alpha Pluses. In another, much more numerous set of bottles, biologically inferior ova, fertilized by biologically inferior sperm, were subjected to the Bokanovsky Process (ninety-six identical twins out of a single egg) and treated prenatally with alcohol and other protein poisons. The creatures finally decanted were almost subhuman; but they were capable of performing unskilled work and, when properly conditioned, detensioned by free and frequent access to the opposite sex, constantly distracted by gratuitous entertainment and reinforced in their good behavior patterns by daily doses of soma, could be counted on to give no trouble to their superiors. In this second half of the twentieth century we do nothing systematic about our breeding; but in our random and unregulated way we are not only over-populating our planet, we are also, it would seem, making sure that these greater numbers shall be of biologically poorer quality. In the bad old days children with considerable, or even with slight, hereditary defects rarely survived. Today, thanks to sanitation, modern pharmacology and the social conscience, most of the children born with hereditary defects reach maturity and multiply their kind. Under the conditions now prevailing, every advance in medicine will tend to be offset by a corresponding advance in the survival rate of individuals cursed by some genetic insufficiency. In spite of new wonder drugs and better treatment (indeed, in a certain sense, precisely because of these things), the physical health of the general population will show no improvement, and may even deteriorate. And along with a decline of average healthiness there may well go a decline in average intelligence. Indeed, some competent authorities are convinced that such a decline has already taken place and is continuing. "Under conditions that are both soft and unregulated," writes Dr. W. H. Sheldon, "our best stock tends to be outbred by stock that is inferior to it in every respect. . . . It is the fashion in some academic circles to assure students that the alarm over differential birthrates is unfounded; that these problems are merely economic, or merely educational, or merely religious, or merely cultural or something of the sort. This is Pollyanna optimism. Reproductive delinquency is biological and basic." And he adds that "nobody knows just how far the average IQ in this country [the U.S.A.] has declined since 1916, when Terman attempted to standardize the meaning of IQ 100." In an underdeveloped and over-populated country, where four-fifths of the people get less than two thousand calories a day and one-fifth enjoys an adequate diet, can democratic institutions arise spontaneously? Or if they should be imposed from outside or from above, can they possibly survive? And now let us consider the case of the rich, industrialized and democratic society, in which, owing to the random but effective practice of dysgenics, IQ's and physical vigor are on the decline. For how long can such a society maintain its traditions of individual liberty and democratic government? Fifty or a hundred years from now our children will learn the answer to this question. Meanwhile we find ourselves confronted by a most disturbing moral problem. We know that the pursuit of good ends does not justify the employment of bad means. But what about those situations, now of such frequent occurrence, in which good means have end results which turn out to be bad? For example, we go to a tropical island and with the aid of DDT we stamp out malaria and, in two or three years, save hundreds of thousands of lives. This is obviously good. But the hundreds of thousands of human beings thus saved, and the millions whom they beget and bring to birth, cannot be adequately clothed, housed, educated or even fed out of the island's available resources. Quick death by malaria has been abolished; but life made miserable by undernourishment and over-crowding is now the rule, and slow death by outright starvation threatens ever greater numbers. And what about the congenitally insufficient organisms, whom our medicine and our social services now preserve so that they may propagate their kind? To help the unfortunate is obviously good. But the wholesale transmission to our descendants of the results of unfavorable mutations, and the progressive contamination of the genetic pool from which the members of our species will have to draw, are no less obviously bad. We are on the horns of an ethical dilemma, and to find the middle way will require all our intelligence and all our good will. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/624998

@ 700c6cbf:a92816fd

Hello Nostr-verse, I have now fiddled so much with the photos and table, so, enjoy the photos! https://cdn.satellite.earth/b24577e9162d7a313f703bef22b169f33945b9314d70561c953f01e96011776a.jpg The first set of photos shows the progress from a nice, ripe and bubbly sourdough starter to mixing the dough and putting it in the fridge for overnight cool proofing. | | | | --- | --- | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/b505474eeadfc64e1874162ac57dab05b8ba0926c0361442b0c462887af21026.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/6d7c8faac003a3937e0dc35ef2ee1d230e1e3e781e5fa6aae9dbc9e58140f30e.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/7ac5dbc578074c0ab101fdb45c4e9ea158da060aaac7bfe09071ed9cdae58de6.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/40429d73a05dfe7437656d6d26ab12ce506b1d519732a65302f1c6a07df384da.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/b594cf669967bf944f94e23112f4518318752574f2264a2c7a121cf03de46313.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/4d4fc89a986b25bb8bcb135fae8c5358aaaf3b34affbbc79bc44722bcf60aeb6.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/9a25fde6fb761a52ca7d669f2a26b6c95536fcf01c5e22eeeff05a611af8fe60.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/af9d0f9a48e6d3e76c33a88ce4cefd87125a26bd9e2f1ec1f01ae40fe9cdc611.jpg | You can see quite nicely how the dough kept on developing overnight. I knew last night that I didn't want to make bread otherwise I would have shaped a bread loaf and stored it in a banneton overnight. This time I was going to make #### Breadlings a.k.a. rolls or dinner rolls. There wasn't much shaping involved, none actually. I took the dough out of the bowl, put it on a floured surface and divided it into 12 (?) differently shaped little dough pieces. I placed them on a baking paper into my Dutch oven and baked each batch for about 30 - 35 minutes, 10 minutes on high heat and the remaining time on moderate heat. | | | | --- | --- | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/b786ddc52895468ee47d59cca7a8bb0361a4cac1a59d06721232264edd510eb0.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/0ef42689e0b0b5647abbd5111cabb69a40b4d47c23b443cb51a2f89b80c61b04.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/184c7dc2e23ec939ebbc7f6d11d80acf3789af9fe58ce4485c1d7069d9e52bdc.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/1f5df9aa5be31bb80c2ac61185db3f9b755b5d0baa51c477e8ae9ac533d40db5.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/4617bea30796b81fddc1ecde6a354bd975c0e1628c6de54f0792ba2b88c62ffb.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/ec0aa6496b521285ccf0c206e9e8776980922518e1789796f267388c31f83845.jpg | | https://cdn.satellite.earth/8ac7a1cb4b621c803ef42bb98d9d7c079f5723a632d9be6b105c048db44e123a.jpg | https://cdn.satellite.earth/9287253cd388f00b3083e713695c7de86a7e8ec2cdb4271db39da8b9da003740.jpg | Then they had to cool down before, finally, two of them found their way onto our breakfast table and into our tummies. ### <center>**The verdict:**</center> #### <center>**Awesome! They were slightly crusty on the outside, chewy but airy on the inside - perfect!** </center> https://cdn.satellite.earth/d239a280f8a23fe6d68657201d5000da074b963d1f9eba423f50f9337416bb67.jpg Happy Weekend! OceanBee

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Workshop je zameraný pre všetkých, ktorí sa potýkajú s vysvetľovaním Bitcoinu svojej rodine, kamarátom, partnerom alebo kolegom. Pri námietkach z druhej strany väčšinou ideme do protiútoku a snažíme sa vytiahnuť tie najlepšie argumenty. Na tomto workshope vás naučím nový prístup k zvládaniu námietok a vyskúšate si ho aj v praxi. Know-how je aplikovateľné nie len na komunikáciu Bitcoinu ale aj pre zlepšenie vzťahov, pri výchove detí a celkovo pre lepší osobný život.

@ 4dbfcb7c:eb8d1695

**Hardinfo** is a nice GUI tool for displaying hardware and system information. It has the look and feel of MS's device manager. So if you don't feel like memorizing a bunch of command line commands, such as lspci (list pci devices), lsmod (list kernel moduels), or neofetch (Computer summary). you can install hardinfo and give it a spin. Although, NeoFetch is kinda fun. Hardinfo should be in the default repositories. To install it on Debian based distros you would type: sudo apt install hardinfo Once installed, you can search for it the normal way using the taskbar search. When you search for "hardinfo" . . it may show up as "System Profiler" Unlike MS's device manager, You CANNOT edit hardware settings with hardinfo. You can only read the system info. This "Learn Ubuntu Mate" website is [a good overview of hardinfo, with lots of screenshots](https://learnubuntumate.weebly.com/hardinfo.html). [⚡️ Follow Freedom Tech](https://primal.net/p/npub1fkluklzamwpyn7w8awxzrcqe7z8mldlvthk4gz9kz3vsh6udz62s9qj48l) #Hardinfo #LinuxSystemTools #LinuxSystemInformation #SystemTools

@ 266815e0:6cd408a5

## Projects ### noStrudel - Added support for creating, viewing, and editing Wiki pages - Added NIP-42 Auth support - Added support for [@snort/worker-relay](https://git.v0l.io/Kieran/snort/src/branch/main/packages/worker-relay) (WASM SQLite relay) thanks to nostr:npub1v0lxxxxutpvrelsksy8cdhgfux9l6a42hsj2qzquu2zk7vc9qnkszrqj49 for building the library - Added support for uploading files to Blossom servers - Added support for restoring broken images using users Blossom servers - Added support for using [Citrine](https://github.com/greenart7c3/Citrine) as local cache relay on mobile - Fixes and improvement for NIP-46 support to work better with [Amber](https://github.com/greenart7c3/amber) - Replaced all proprietary relay code with [nostr-tools](https://github.com/nbd-wtf/nostr-tools) - Added Task Manager for debugging and better insight under the hood ### Blossom - Rewrote and organized the spec into a simpler core spec and multiple optional specs ( [BUDs](https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom?tab=readme-ov-file#buds) ) - Setup [awesome-blossom](https://github.com/hzrd149/awesome-blossom) repo for tracking Blossom implementations - Rebuilt [blossom-server](https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom-server) and added a simple admin dashboard - Added fancy landing page to [blossom-server](https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom-server) for uploading and mirror blobs - Improved documentation for [blossom-server-sdk](https://hzrd149.github.io/blossom-server-sdk/) ( A TS library with components for building a blossom server ) - Improved documentation and lots of small fixes for [blossom-client-sdk](https://hzrd149.github.io/blossom-client-sdk/) ( A TS library to help nostr clients interact with Blossom servers ) ## Plans for Q3 Hopefully this isn't too ambitious and I can finish at least half of these ideas ### noStrudel - Finish building out wiki features (author profiles, better editing and fork UI) - Overhaul user profile view to show more recent activity and make it easier to see what a user has been doing - Continue experimenting with WebRTC relays - Build a profile picture cashing service that resizes and stores images on Blossom servers and publishes nostr events for interoperability - Add support for .i2p and .onion relays when noStrudel is installed on Umbrel or Start9 ### Blossom - Write up spec for a media optimization endpoint - Build an example media optimization endpoint in [blossom-server](https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom-server) - Collaborate on support for payments in blossom server spec ### Other stuff - Build a proof of concept Web-of-Trust based username search - Other secret projects...

@ 6f170f27:711e26dd

 https://eig.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/TAWP-Kirkegaard.pdf originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/623899

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Ak ste v Bitcoine už nejaký ten rok, možno máte pocit, že už všetkému rozumiete a že vás nič neprekvapí. Viete čo je to peňaženka, čo je to seed a čo adresa, možno dokonca aj čo je to sha256. Ste si istí? Táto prednáška sa vám to pokúsi vyvrátiť. 🙂

@ 47193857:505a78a3

This single features two tracks from producer Deepologic, tuned to deephouse, experimental house. Deepologic is known for his melancholic moods, with a powerful bassline and an uncompromising kick. The track "Blindness" will not offend any proper DJ's. Play it while you're out for a morning run, programming or cooking. "From K to D" is a long track. The main line consists of a synthesizer melody and a colorful bass line. It will hypnotize you <iframe style="border: 0; width: 350px; height: 522px;" src="https://bandcamp.com/EmbeddedPlayer/album=58407957/size=large/bgcol=ffffff/linkcol=0687f5/transparent=true/" seamless><a href="https://earsdeep.bandcamp.com/album/blindness">Blindness by Deepologic, EarsDeep Records</a></iframe>

@ 000002de:c05780a7

With the announcement of privacy focused company Proton releasing a bitcoin only wallet, privacy advocates and influences are complaining about the choice of bitcoin and no plans for Monero. I'm curious what stackers think are the negatives of monero. I'm not looking for the maxi take here. No straw men. Lets be fair. Monero as a project has made different choices from bitcoin. There are decisions that were made and different tradeoffs that do make monero more private than bitcoin. That's not really the question. The question is, why are these decisions problems? And what are the problems with monero? * The best answers get big zaps. * Links to well written comparisons to tradeoffs with bitcoin will also get big zaps from me. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/623536

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Bojovať s rakovinou metabolickou metódou znamená použiť metabolizmus tela proti rakovine. Riadenie cukru a ketónov v krvi stravou a pohybom, časovanie rôznych typov cvičení, včasná kombinácia klasickej onko-liečby a hladovania. Ktoré vitamíny a suplementy prijímam a ktorým sa napríklad vyhýbam dajúc na rady mojej dietologičky z USA Miriam (ktorá sa špecializuje na rakovinu). Hovori sa, že čo nemeriame, neriadime ... Ja som meral, veľa a dlho ... aj grafy budú ... aj sranda bude, hádam ... 😉

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Predikčné trhy predstavujú praktický spôsob, ako môžeme nahliadnuť do budúcnosti bez nutnosti spoliehať sa na tradičné, často nepresné metódy, ako je veštenie z kávových zrniek. V prezentácii sa ponoríme do histórie a vývoja predikčných trhov, a popíšeme aký vplyv mali a majú na dostupnosť a kvalitu informácií pre širokú verejnosť, a ako menia trh s týmito informáciami. Pozrieme sa aj na to, ako tieto trhy umožňujú obyčajným ľuďom prístup k spoľahlivým predpovediam a ako môžu prispieť k lepšiemu rozhodovaniu v rôznych oblastiach života.

@ bbba037f:33dd566c

Store of wealth / value คือสิ่งที่เราได้ยินบ่อยๆ เราทราบกันดีว่า value หรือ ความมีค่านั้นจริงๆ ขึ้นกับสิ่งอื่น (ปรุงแต่งมาจากข้อมูลอื่น) ขึ้นกับเหตุและปัจจัย เป็น subjective value และเราลงทุนเพื่อความมั่งคั่ง ร่ำรวย สิ่งที่มนุษย์ปรารถนาตามลำดับ ลาภ > ยศ > สรรเสริญ > สุข ลาภ = มั่งคั่ง ร่ำรวย ยศ = ความเป็นใหญ่ สรรเสริญ = การกล่าวคำยกย่อง เชิดชู ความสุข = สิ่งสุดท้ายที่เราปรารถนา ### ในโลกนี้ เรารู้ว่า Bitcoin คือ store of value ที่เอาชนะเวลา เอาชนะ inflation เราไม่เก็บเป็น fiat เพราะมันเสื่อมค่า ### คนอื่น หาเช้ากินค่ำ แต่คนฉลาด หาเช้ากิน 100 ปี แสนล้านปีข้างหน้า (เขารู้ value ที่แท้จริงของการลงทุน) #### แล้วชีวิตเราล่ะ การลงทุนของชีวิต อะไรคือสิ่งที่มีค่า ? สมมติถ้าเราไม่ได้เกิดเป็นคนล่ะ.. เทวดา ต้องการรัศมี สุนัข ต้องการกระดูก ในนรก ต้องการส่วนบุญ ในสวรรค์ ต้องการบารมี ที่กล่าวมานี้ไม่มีใครต้องการเงินทองเลย เราเคยคิดว่าชีวิตนึงของคนสั้นแค่ 70-80 ปี แต่ในความเป็นจริงแล้ว เราอยู่ในจักรวาลอันกว้างใหญ่ (time and space) ที่เวลาในชีวิตหาจุดเริ่มต้นไม่เจอ เพราะยาวนานมาก ### เมื่อเรารู้ว่าเวลาในชีวิตมันยาวนาน เราจะเริ่มสร้าง ‘ทานและบารมี’ ### 'บารมี' คือ สิ่งที่มีค่าที่สุดในชีวิต และทำให้เราหลุดพ้นจากการเวียนว่ายตายเกิด ทาน vs ทานบารมี ทานบารมี มาจากจิตใจที่เป็น ‘เมตตา’ เมตตา คือ ปรารถนาให้เขามีความสุข การทำทานที่มาจากเมตตา จึงเกิดบารมี นอกจากนี้ยังต้องมีปัญญา จึงมีบารมี เมตตาที่เป็นบารมี ทานจะมีผลมาก เราแผ่เมตตาตอนทำทาน จะเกิดทานบารมีไปเรื่อยๆ ละโลภ โกรธ หลง และทานบารมีอันสูงที่สุด จะให้ความไม่มีภัย ให้ชีวิต ไม่ทำร้ายใครอีกต่อไป เกิดศีลที่เกิดจากความเมตตา ศีลที่ยังไงก็ไม่ฆ่าสัตว์ คือ ‘ศีลบารมี’ เมื่อเข้าใจที่กล่าวมาข้างต้น เราจะเข้าใจว่าอะไรมีค่า ไม่ใช่การทำบุญอย่างเดียว เพียงพิจารณาทาน ศีล การสวดมนต์ไหว้พระ การระลึกถึงพระพุทธเจ้า ฯลฯ ไปเรื่อยๆ อย่างน้อยก็ใช้ชีวิตแบบไม่ประมาทแล้ว ### สรุป คือ.. เราควรรู้ว่าอะไรมีค่า หาเหตุและผล ดำเนินชีวิตแบบพิจารณาและลงทุนอย่างเป็นระบบ* เพราะวันนึงลาภ ยศ สรรเสริญ สุข ท้ายสุดสิ่งเหล่านี้มันตามมาด้วยความเสื่อมเสมอ เสียดายเวลา และเงินก็เอาไปไม่ได้ เมื่อเราตายไป :) #siamstr

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

AI hype vnímame asi všetci okolo nás — už takmer každá appka ponúka nejakú “AI fíčuru”, AI startupy raisujú stovky miliónov a Európa ako obvykle pracuje na regulovaní a našej ochrane pred nebezpečím umelej inteligencie. Pomaly sa ale ukazuje “ovocie” spojenia umelej inteligencie a človeka, kedy mnohí ľudia reportujú signifikantné zvýšenie produktivity v práci ako aj kreatívnych aktivitách (aj napriek tomu, že mnohí hardcore kreatívci by každého pri spomenutí skratky “AI” najradšej upálili). V prvej polovici prednášky sa pozrieme na to, akými rôznymi spôsobmi nám vie byť AI nápomocná, či už v práci alebo osobnom živote. Umelé neuróny nám už vyskakujú pomaly aj z ovsených vločiek, no to ako sa k nám dostávajú sa veľmi líši. Hlavne v tom, či ich poskytujú firmy v zatvorených alebo open-source modeloch. V druhej polovici prednášky sa pozrieme na boom okolo otvorených AI modelov a ako ich vieme využiť.

@ 0176967e:1e6f471e

Čo vznikne keď spojíš hru SNAKE zo starej Nokie 3310 a Bitcoin? - hra [Chain Duel](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hCI2MzxOzE)! Jedna z najlepších implementácií funkcionality Lightning Networku a gamingu vo svete Bitcoinu. Vyskúšať si ju môžete s kamošmi [na tomto odkaze](https://game.chainduel.net/). Na stránke nájdeš aj základné pravidlá hry avšak odporúčame pravidlá pochopiť [aj priamo hraním](https://game.chainduel.net/gamemenu) Chain Duel si získava hromady fanúšikov po bitcoinových konferenciách po celom svete a práve na Lunarpunk festival ho prinesieme tiež. Multiplayer 1v1 hra, kde nejde o náhodu, ale skill, vás dostane. Poďte si zmerať sily s ďalšími bitcoinermi a vyhrať okrem samotných satoshi rôzne iné ceny. Príďte sa zúčastniť prvého oficiálneho Chain Duel turnaja na Slovensku! Pre účasť na turnaji je [potrebná registrácia dopredu](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScq96a-zM2i9FCkd3W3haNVcdKFTbPkXObNDh4vJwbmADsb0w/viewform).

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

Hello, I've been using GetAlby extension to login it #Nostr sites in my browser. I was wondering what alternatives there are, and what is the most secure way or tool out there for this. Thanks! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/622292

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

😱 Did you recently find this signature verification error when you tried to update your MiniBolt repositories with -> `sudo apt update` ? 💥🚨  🔧 Don't worry, that's because Tor renewed its signing key since it expired last 07/15, just renew your keyring by following the next steps to solve this problem: --> [CLICK HERE](https://v2.minibolt.info/system/system/privacy#tor-signature-verification-error) <--

@ dec2e28f:01746c77

序言：這是我在迪拜給一個私人觀眾的講話改編成的散文，之後在索非亞的一個小型會議上略作調整。我越來越覺得這篇文章值得更廣泛的讀者，並且可能更適合以文字形式呈現。目前這可能還不是最終版本，因為預期的讀者是傳統金融的資本分配者，因此很可能會在不久的將來製作成 PDF。現在，這算是初稿，練習如何以散文形式呈現，並向 Nostr 的朋友們徵求反饋。希望大家喜歡！ 這篇文章的標題毫無意義。沒有“Web π”這回事，因為也沒有“Web 3”這回事。這完全是胡說八道，是騙局。 不幸的是，它變成了一個極其有影響力的胡說八道和一個極其有利可圖的騙局。因此，我寫這篇文章的目的是給讀者提供工具，以便在這一切中穿行，並能夠在未被騙的情況下度過。為了不欺騙和不胡說，我應該明確說明這篇文章的預期讀者、我為何寫這篇文章以及這篇文章真正關於什麼。 ### 你是誰？ 我假設讀者不是神秘的軟體開發者，而是金融專業人士。這篇文章並非真正針對比特幣愛好者，但如果他們閱讀，我希望他們仍然覺得有趣。我真正寫作的對象是第一次接觸這個領域的人。希望你心中想的是進入「比特幣」領域，但如果你認為自己是進入「加密貨幣」領域，那麼這篇文章可能更有用。 ### 我是誰？ 我是某公司的創始人，這讓我對於我推廣的內容不僅高度偏頗，而且還有明顯的私利。我經營一家公司，通過各種不同的方式投資於比特幣生態系統。我不會在任何細節上誤導你，我的主要動機是讓你將資金配置給我們，而不是那些我稱為騙子和胡說八道的人。你也應該聽聽他們的說法，然後自己做決定，否則這有什麼意義呢？你怎麼知道我沒有欺騙或胡說八道？沒錯。不要信任，要驗證。 無論如何，這一切都假設你想要「配置資金」，而不是直接購買比特幣而不支付管理費。我希望主要的區別在於，我會坦誠對待這一點，並鼓勵你盡可能多地了解正在發生的事情和你正在做的事情（如果你有任何不確定，我建議你還沒有準備好，應該只購買比特幣並學習），而不是用「Web 3」這樣的完全胡說八道來迷惑你。 ### 這篇文章是關於誰？ 這篇文章完全不是關於在*加密貨幣領域工作的人*。比特幣愛好者可能會對我對這些人角色的慷慨解釋感到輕微惱火，因為他們從我這樣的人那裡聽到的解釋可能是最寬容的。這篇文章真正關注的是*金融家*。它關乎那些利用開發者、學者、企業家等大多數得不到回報的努力，從你身上榨取財富以供自己使用，留下一串無用的技術和被欺騙的散戶投資者——如果你繼續賦予他們權力，他們將繼續這樣做。 ### 為什麼寫這篇文章？ 我們正處於整個「加密貨幣」行業發展的一個有趣時刻，我強烈建議像你這樣的人在未來的幾個月和幾年內將會受到各種詐騙和廢話的推銷。如果你對這些人真正在說什麼有更多的背景了解，你就有希望避免這些騙局。 我計劃幫助你做到這一點，即展示區塊鏈的簡短版本和長版本，它們的用途是什麼，它們如何在歷史上被用來服務於騙局和廢話，以及一個高層次理論來解釋這個可悲歷史背後的敘事演變，並對這些花招的近期未來進行預測。 ### 區塊鏈的用途是什麼？ 區塊鏈是用於穩健、抗審查、P2P的數位貨幣。它並非用於其他任何目的。如果一個區塊鏈作為貨幣運作正常，可能也可以用於其他事情。有些人覺得這很有趣，有些人則覺得這很惱人，但不要讓這種微妙的事情使你困惑。它並不是用於任意的計算和存儲，也不是用於「去中心化互聯網」或運行非法證券勾當。  它就是為了錢，簡單明瞭。 它是如何實現這一點的？工作量證明和難度調整。這些創新是每一個其他理想特性或功能的基礎。工作量證明使得抗審查成為可能。如果有人試圖向你推銷「股權證明」：廢話。難度調整使得發行可以精確、預定和公平。如果有人試圖向你推銷他們免費且無限制發行的代幣：騙局。 比特幣解決的問題既是經濟上的，也是技術上的，其解決方案具有實質的技術和經濟價值。正因為這個非常具體且不可複製的原因，比特幣代幣才有價值。如果這一切對你聽起來過於極端，那麼我建議你對這個主題的理解是非常錯誤的，你將會非常受到愚弄和詐騙，你需要閱讀這篇文章。這就是簡短版的內容。 ### 長篇版本 我對這些話題聽起來極端的感受很敏感。畢竟，數千億美元被注入到加密貨幣，而不是比特幣——其中大部分被廣泛使用，許多能幹、誠實和聰明的人在這個行業工作。讀者可能會回想起我之前說過的，這些人並不是我批評的對象。我不是在說他們都是騙子和廢話者。但遺憾的是，我認為他們被騙和愚弄的可能性更大一些。 我認為我有資格指出這一點，因為作為比特幣領域的風險投資人，我越來越多地看到創始人告訴我這一點：他們最初被加密貨幣的炒作吸引，最終浪費了大量時間，意識到他們的想法在那個情境下在技術或經濟上都毫無意義，於是轉向比特幣。第一次聽到這樣的故事只是個案，但當你像我一樣多次聽到時，這就更像是一個代表性的樣本了。 接下來我想要涵蓋的是對前比特幣加密貨幣狀況的一個寬容的總結：我認為加密貨幣演變成了大致有四個類別：穩定幣、密碼學研究與開發、賭博和騙局。顯然這些不是互斥的；它們之間有很多重疊，而實際上，這些重疊可能是關鍵所在。 ### 騙局 騙局就是代幣，簡單明瞭。如果有人試圖從他們發行的代幣的投機價格行為中獲利，他們就在詐騙。也許他們在騙你，也許他們在騙散戶投資者，也許他們在騙客戶或供應商——如果這些在他們的貨物崇拜「商業模式」中真的存在的話。這裡肯定藏有騙局。 然而，它很少僅僅是一個騙局。幾乎總是會包含穩定幣、研究與開發或賭博的組成部分。因此，這些值得真正理解，認真對待，給予應有的認可，但也需要進行批判性分析。 對於這種加密貨幣的大致和高層次的評估如下，我將在下文中解釋我的意思：穩定幣在經濟上有價值，但在技術上具有可疑的價值；研究與開發在技術上具有價值，但在經濟上沒有價值；賭博在某種程度上具有價值，但這取決於你如何解釋它。顯然，騙局既沒有技術上的價值，也沒有經濟上的價值。  ### 穩定幣 所謂的「某種技術上的價值」指的是穩定幣有中心化發行者。你可以將它們發行為區塊鏈上的代幣，但實際上這沒有太大意義。發行者可以運行一個連接到互聯網的數據庫，使用一些簡單的簽名方案進行轉帳，這對運營幾乎沒有差異。事實上，這樣做會更便宜更快。事實上，你可能會運行一個Chaumian eCash鑄幣機（這是幾十年來的一項創新，最近在比特幣領域內重新被推崇），使你的比區塊鏈更便宜更快的數據庫同時也提供用戶的過渡性和隱私性，而不是區塊鏈的公共永久性。 事實上，以Tron為代表的穩定幣使用最多，從這一點可以看出：它幾乎根本沒有偽裝自己不是一個數據庫。這是作為監管套利的一種形式，因為監管機構認為這是「創新」，因為他們很愚蠢。 儘管如此，鑒於穩定幣與可悲的法定銀行和支付體系競爭的悲慘結果，這裡還是值得一些讚譽的。在轉移方面，穩定幣比任何法定銀行的責任更具有權限。至於它們似乎最重要的使用案例，它們在使用上是無需許可的，只需一個互聯網連接和正確的軟件，而不是各種歧視性的司法和合規標準。 然而，「某種技術上的價值」最終歸結為，特別是與比特幣相比，它們在其外部聯繫和價值上是高度可審查的。這些穩定幣所聲稱的資產（根據定義）仍然在法定貨幣系統內，即使這種新穎的轉移機制是不是如此。所謂的穩定幣「去中心化」實際上有些虛張聲勢，因為關閉中心化發行者是使得可以無許可交易的去中心化代幣價值歸零的唯一要求，技術上雖然無阻礙，但實際上毫無用處。相比之下，比特幣的技術創新很容易理解，因為它對這種類型的攻擊完全不關心。 另一方面，「經濟上的價值」指的是它們作為提供美元影子銀行和通常更優越的支付體系手段而被廣泛使用和重視。加密貨幣界的人通常喜歡指出這一點，許多比特幣愛好者試圖解釋它，而我則認為這與比特幣本質上無關。顯然有表面上的聯繫，但你可以通過「代幣化」任何事物而無需特別好的技術理由。我認為這是一個完全不同的行業。這更像是金融科技的一個子行業——既有銀行業的一部分，也有支付業的一部分——目前仍然依賴於我所關注的這些胡言亂語來迷惑監管機構。 坦率地說，對他們來說是好事。如果法定銀行無論如何都不會以真實貨幣來支持，那至少應該是無需許可的。它實際上應該是Chaumian eCash，如果它不僅僅是比特幣，正是監管使得它在第一次如此糟糕。使貨幣可用並非反烏托邦控制的工具，此時此刻，這是一個政治問題，而不是技術問題。穩定幣坦率地是朝著正確方向邁出的一步，特別是在使用戶適應數字資產方面。但我仍要警告，它們可能因無法承受似乎不可避免的政治攻擊而不具足夠的技術價值… ### 密碼學研究與開發 對於研究與開發而言，「技術上的價值」或多或少是不言自明的，但背景值得欣賞。只有在加密貨幣，特別是以太坊，人們才能無需許可地對實際上具有巨大價值的任意複雜的密碼學方案進行實驗。很多人因為他們的項目基本上是學術性質的，並且在野外試驗他們的想法比在ArXiv上發表研究論文或提交到期刊更有趣、更值得、當然也更有樂趣，因此他們能理解這樣的吸引力。 但是……被操控的價值最多是穩定幣，最糟糕的情況是毫無根據的炒作。如果不是穩定幣，那麼它很可能本來就是因為賭博或騙局而存在——即使在這種情況下，界線也非常模糊。 ### 賭博 將這一切視為賭博的角度是有趣的，因為這實際上是一個兆美元的行業。而且它是真實的。這是一種自願的、非犯罪的、合法的經濟活動，為那些能夠有效促成它的人帶來巨大的利潤。 因此，在這個意義上，賭博具有經濟價值。但在這種情況下如何表述它卻很棘手，因為你也可以認為這是非常不誠實的賭博，因為賭徒們沒有意識到他們在對抗庄家的負和遊戲。他們認為自己在做類似於投機證券的事情，這取決於如何進行，可能同樣愚蠢，但至少具有真正的經濟效用並有助於資本形成。 這裡的區別在於，被投機的對象「沒有經濟價值」。因此，如果這是你衡量價值的標準，那麼這裡就沒有價值。在這種行為和行業的真正經濟功能之間存在非常模糊的界線。也許參與其中的人認為他們在做的是驚人的研究與開發，也許這無意間只是一個騙局；也許他們知道這一切都是無稽之談，但他們認為自己可以在這個負和遊戲中獲利，因為總有更多的傻瓜。無論如何，我認為賭博是對用戶行為和行業的真實經濟功能非常有益的描述。 這一切中有一個有趣的社會組成部分，因為加密貨幣的人們通常會因為比特幣愛好者不關心穩定幣或加密貨幣研究與開發而對他們感到生氣：他們會說，你們為什麼不喜歡穩定幣，它們具有明確的經濟價值？答案是它們具有可疑的技術價值。或者，你們為什麼不喜歡我們的下一代零知識擴展協議，它具有明確的技術價值？答案是它沒有經濟價值。 如果你對其中一個感到滿意，就容易認為比特幣愛好者是封閉思維或教條主義者，但最終，我認為這只是關於紀律的問題。對於一個只能半工作的事物感到興奮有什麼意義呢？而且你知道它永遠不會完全工作？坦率地說，這很可能是出於善意，但這有點胡扯。它很可能最終基於賭博，而根本不是它所聲稱的目的……或者它只是一個騙局。 ### 我們是如何走到這一步的？ 以下並不是詳盡無遺，這裡的構架故意帶有些許調侃意味。雖然基本上是足夠準確的（難免有些偏見），但我的目標主要是為了設定我對接下來會發生什麼的預測。 **2015 現實：以太坊推出 叙事：「世界電腦」** 2015年，以太坊推出。當時的叙事是我們正在建立「世界電腦」，現在我們可以進行去中心化、無法審查的計算。不用在意任何擁有筆記本電腦的人都擁有了一個無法審查和去中心化的計算設備這一事實。同時也要牢記這個問題：“在這種方式下，計算哪些數據可能有意義？”答案將會變得更加清晰和明確…… **2016-17 現實：ICO泡沫 叙事：「Web 3」/「DApps」** 儘管如此，2015年末我們提出並採納了ERC20：這是以太坊合約內發行可替代代幣的標準，這就是為什麼在2016年，尤其是在2017年，我們看到了ICO泡沫的出現。叙事發生了變化。現在我們關注的是「Web 2」公司變得龐大、強大和中心化。相反，如果用戶可以合作擁有應用程序、控制自己的數據並參與他們使用所創造的經濟收益，會怎樣？ **2018-19 現實：加密冬季 叙事：「犯了些錯誤」** 2018年，這一切都瓦解了，所以不要擔心，繼續前進…… **2020-21 現實：DeFi夏季 叙事：「去中心化金融」** 到了2020年，叙事再次有了不同的轉變。到這個時候，人們基本上已經意識到實用代幣在技術和經濟上都沒有意義。在資本財品應該豐富和通縮的地方引入人為稀缺性，並不會有任何人在乎，更不用說珍視你的創作了。另一方面，“證券”應該是稀缺的，在某種意義上應該作為可交易的帳簿項目存在。也許它們可以被代幣化，在一個無法審查和去中心化的方式下進行計算？ 所以，我們看到了“DeFi”領域的繁榮，但不管怎麼說，在2021年9月，我和Axiom的合作創始人安德斯·拉爾森在我們的文章[《唯有強者生存》](https://www.axiombtc.capital/only)中預測，這將是一場完全的災難，因為除了其他無知的瘋狂行為外，這些證券幾乎完全沒有任何生產性資本的基礎。這個生態系統完全是自我參照的——甚至不是建立在穩定幣的可疑經濟價值上，而是堅定地建立在賭博和騙局、槓桿、再質押和資產化的虛無之上。 **2022 現實：幣市浩劫 叙事：「犯了些錯誤」** 我們絕對是對的，因為在2022年一切都崩潰了。首先是Terra/Luna崩潰——一個“DeFi”項目，基本上向世界展示了這樣的論點：發行信託貨幣的部分準備銀行從理論上來說永遠不會破產，因為它可以通過發行更多的資本來彌補存款不足。儘管短暫地接近五十億美元的市值，並受到各種無知的江湖郎中的擁護和奉承，這一論點最終被市場視為極其愚蠢，正如我和尼克·卡特在[《一切都崩了》](https://niccarter.info/wp-content/uploads/All-Falls-Down-Whitepaper-2022-06-11.pdf)中所分析的那樣。 這引發了信用傳染，很快就擊垮了3箭資本、Celsius、Voyager、BlockFi等公司。FTX通過一種我們現在了解到的方式，類似於詐騙方式擺脫債務，但最終在同年晚些時候也崩潰了。如果[《唯有強者生存》](https://www.axiombtc.capital/only)是對所有這一切的事前死因分析，那麼讀者可能會想要閱讀[《綠色的餐巾和火腿》](https://www.axiombtc.capital/green)，這也是我和安德斯·拉爾森共同撰寫的一種事後死因分析。 **2023-至今 現實：比特幣多重簽名 叙事：「比特幣復興」** 現在，很多這些東西正在轉向比特幣。本文的範圍之外無法詳細解釋這一點，但最近比特幣出現了幾個發展，無論其旨在如何，似乎都有一個集體副作用，那就是很多這些同樣的把戲現在可以（或者假裝可以）在更符合比特幣本質的背景下實施。 所以，新的叙事大致如下： *這些東西之所以失敗，並不是因為它們是糟糕的想法，在任何稍微批判性的分析下都會崩潰成為圍繞賭博和騙局的月球數學包裝，而是因為它們不在比特幣上。但同時，由於最近才可能（至少假裝能夠）在比特幣上實施它們，所以現在它們是值得的。我們在荒野中徘徊，但吸取了教訓，找到了應許之地。*  ### 技術和經濟價值 讓我們再次通過技術和經濟價值的角度來考慮所有這些。或者說，根據所述目標的所謂價值。暫時忽略是否有任何價值： **2015 技術目標：新的計算範式 經濟目標：國內生產總值的x%？** 最初的“加密”概念據稱具有計算革命的潛力。這個市場有多大呢？或許是全球GDP的一大塊——如果它有任何意義的話，但這并非如此。 **2016-17 技術目標：顛覆公司組織 經濟目標：標準普爾500指數的y%？** 然後ICO變得更具體了一些。現在它們僅僅是在顛覆我們如何組織公司。這值多少錢？我猜可以分擔現在可以去中心化和代幣化的公司價值的一部分？誰知道…… **2018-19 這段時間沒什麼值得一提** 那時候什麼也沒發生，別擔心。 **2020-21 技術目標：去中心化金融 經濟目標：紐交所、芝商所、國際授信和衍生品協會的z%？** DeFi再次變得更具體。現在我們僅僅是代幣化金融合同，擴展了訪問範圍，去除了中間人等等。那麼這應該也值得一些資本市場活動的一部分？ **2022 這段時間沒什麼值得一提** 哎呀，不要在意…… **2023-至今 技術目標：現在它在比特幣上！ 經濟目標：比特幣的i%？** ……現在它顯然在比特幣上。 ### 從事後來看…… 我認為最有趣的分析如下：它開始時完全瘋狂，每次都變得越來越克制——你可以戲謔地說，它開始變得越來越合理——但它也越來越接近比特幣。顯然，它正在逐漸聚焦於只有：比特幣。 這是人們痛苦地在幾十年間意識到區塊鏈的用途！它們不是用來“去中心化一切”的。它們是用來實現防止審查、誠實、p2p的數位貨幣的。  我認為這也是我們從前文中得到的當前加密狀態的原因。隨著它變得越來越合理（因為越來越接近比特幣），人們開始有如下的領悟：為人工稀缺和極其昂貴的計算而設的數字禮品券不是錢，因此我們需要在這裡加入“真實的貨幣”以使其具有經濟價值，因此你得到了穩定幣。另外，我們擁有一個豐富的編程環境，這似乎在技術上很有趣，但同時卻有一個嚴重的技術障礙，即無法完成世界上所有計算的千億分之一千億分之一千億的計算，因此你得到了加密研發。這些以一種補丁的形式出現，它們在孤立狀態下具有一些價值，而長期趨勢實際上是向比特幣趨同。 這是一個開放且引人入勝的問題，是否還有什麼學習可以轉移到比特幣。對於穩定幣而言，這似乎不太清楚，因為使用區塊鏈本身就會引入可疑的技術價值，而不僅僅是比特幣以外的區塊鏈。然而，努力創建相對某些外部價格穩定的比特幣餘額（無論是通過代幣化還是其他方式），應該值得稱讚，儘管仍需嚴格審視它們到底有多少真正的技術價值。 看起來加密研發在比特幣的上下文中將被證明在某種程度上是有用的，而在這種情況下，經濟價值實際上是通過轉向比特幣來解決的，前提是必要的技術價值可以被模仿。在撰寫本文時，這既是希望的來源，也是恐懼的來源：希望在開發的可行途徑中有可能性（儘管仍然高度不確定）；恐懼是由於這個方向的早期步驟已經在追求胡說八道和騙局。 ### 敘述進化 回到上面的表格，我想快速做三個觀察，這些觀察將整個論點聯繫在一起，並帶我們到文章的結尾：  首先，泡沫總是追隨比特幣的價格。希望我不需要為讀者包含價格走勢圖表，讓他們立即理解這一點。 其次，重要的是敘述總是在變化中。在2017年和2021年比特幣牛市後，為這些垃圾籌集了絕對驚人的巨額資金。做這些的人不能指向之前的絕對災難，因此他們必須編造類似於*我們吸取了教訓，我們已經改進了用例*之類的東西。這應該聽起來很熟悉，就在上面提到的地方。 第三，*然而*，無論他們提出了什麼樣的改進，新“敘述”的後果總是“買我的代幣”。 總是如此。 不管中間有什麼流行語沙拉。總是“比特幣很酷，xyz，fughayzi fughahzi，買我的代幣。” 這就是為什麼我很想不那麼在意開發人員、學者、企業家等人，實際上我的虛無假設更可能是，他們更有可能是受害者而不是行兇者。我認為如果沒有我指責的關鍵群體，他們甚至不能處於貢獻的位置。當你把所有這些因素結合在一起時，我認為這個分析的結果如下： 整個屎幣循環可以追溯到不道德的金融家在牛市中說服不明真相的資本配置者，他們認為，是的，比特幣很酷，但他們正在做的事情更相關、更酷，他們應該得到報酬。 讓我們將其標籤為屎幣循環的資本循環理論。我認為關於屎幣循環的任何其他事情都是這一核心認識的下游。 ### 如何避免它 鑑於我已經涵蓋了這麼多內容，這基本上就是文章的結尾。 你需要意識到為什麼這些事情現在正在發生。如果你（也就是資本配置業的目標讀者群）還沒有遭遇這些問題，我可以保證，你將會面臨：隨著ETF和剛剛過去的比特幣分叉，我們似乎正在開始一場比特幣牛市，這些人已經在騙局和胡扯上籌集了荒謬的資金。他們可能已經虧損慘重，或者甚至已經在零售投資者身上賣空並獲得了極好的“回報”。但無論如何，他們需要一個新的敘述。 他們可能圍繞穩定幣、研發或兩者之間擁有一個可行的敘述，並且他們對騙局的警惕性可能如我在這裡所建議的那樣。如果他們現在才意識到在七年和數千億美元之後每一個前述的加密貨幣敘述是多麼無意義和不誠實；如果他們的歷史記錄表明他們深度參與、豐厚報酬，但卻沒有創造任何持久價值；如果他們說：“建設者正在回到比特幣”之類的話，你應該非常、非常懷疑。應該警惕代幣，也就是說，應該警惕騙局。 特別令人沮喪的是，在撰寫時大受歡迎的“第二層”的技術旋轉，它們“建設者正在回到比特幣”以進行建設，幾乎可以肯定，這將會是你、作為資本配置讀者，幾乎肯定會被推銷的東西。它們本身是相當合理的，但它們不需要代幣，也不需要賭博來支持代幣價格。它們需要的是對比特幣技術和經濟的堅實遵循。至少，在這些設計折衷方案之後和計劃之前，它們需要誠實地溝通，以及這些折衷方案之後是否還剩下任何經濟和技術的價值。 敘述問題旁白，這些項目的現實是，它們的99%都是與多重簽名監管用戶存款的私人執行環境有關。這就是說，一方面，它們是從以太坊載入的“加密貨幣研發”神秘化，這在比特幣中根本不可能，以假裝技術上的優勢；另一方面，它們根本不是第二層。再次強調，它們可能最終就像Chaumian電子現金鑄造廠一樣，唯一的例外是，這會使旨在進行的代幣騙局幾乎不可能實現。 最近在他共同主持的“Hell Money”播客上，Ordinals協議的創造者Casey Rodarmor對於*現在每個人都在建立第二層*的想法發表了評論： *這完全是以太坊上悲慘的同樣的行為計劃在比特幣上的重演。這就是你在以太坊上得到風險投資支票的方式。它們都是高級的多重簽名，所以它們就像是，“嘿，讓我們將我們的高級多重簽名移植到比特幣上，並獲得風險投資支票。”我曾和一位正在從事一個有趣項目的朋友交談，一個開源的交易聚類分析器，我說：“也許你可以這樣做並籌集一些風險投資。”他說：“是的，好吧，但籌集風險投資有什麼意義？”我說：“不，不，不，這就是終點！這就是目標！你籌集風險投資，然後你從那筆風險投資中切割支票，直到錢用完，然後你再以10倍估值籌集更多。這就是新經濟，伙計們！* 1%有誠意嘗試在技術上和經濟上合理地將加密貨幣研發的教訓帶給比特幣，他們希望最終在長期競爭中獲得勝利（即使在撰寫時這還有些推測性），但在這些騙局和胡扯的牛市風暴中，他們可能得不到太多關注。 Axiom將盡最大努力來挖掘並投資於這些公司（我們已經開始了！），但鑒於屎幣循環的資本循環理論，我們已經接受，要在資本配置者眼中變得更加困難。坦率地說，鑒於過去輸掉這場戰鬥並面對未來可能輸掉這場戰鬥的真實前景，這整篇文章可能被公正地認為是我在應對中的應對。哦，好吧，至少我試過了。 ### 結尾 屎幣循環資本理論的精髓在於，我描述的問題最終來自於像你這樣的人被那些聽起來技術性很高的廢話，比如“Web 3”，所迷惑，讓你認為這一切比實際情況要複雜得多。只買比特幣。這當然是你應該做的第一件事情，也可能是你唯一需要做的事情。 如果你真的非常想額外承擔比特幣生態系統的投資風險，Axiom團隊將很樂意與你交流。但我們永遠不會勸說你不買比特幣。不存在比特幣表現不佳而我們表現出色的世界，也不存在我們承諾比比特幣“更好”的事情，如果你不已經相信這一點，與我們交流毫無意義。 如果你對此感興趣，我們很樂意交流。如果不是，那就只買比特幣吧。無論如何，提前警告，我們正進入一個比特幣牛市，騙局和胡扯即將如影隨形。祝你好運避開它們。 *[Allen Farrington](npub1sfhflz2msx45rfzjyf5tyj0x35pv4qtq3hh4v2jf8nhrtl79cavsl2ymqt) 艾倫·法林頓，2024年6月* 原文：[nostr](https://yakihonne.com/article/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzpqnwn7y4hqdtgxj9ygngkfy7drgze2qkpr002c4yj08wxhlut36eqqf9wetz95ej6vf5xy6njttrv4ex5uekhzzfww)