@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/928470

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

**YakiHonne**: I'm excited to be joined by our guest Piccolo—thank you very much for being here. Before we dive in, I'd like to briefly introduce YakiHonne. YakiHonne is a decentralized media client built on the Nostr protocol, leveraging technology to enable freedom of speech. It empowers creators to fully own their voice and assets while offering innovative tools such as Smart widget , Verified Notes, and support for long-form content. Today, we’re not just discussing YakiHonne, but also diving into your community. Piccolo, could you start by telling us a bit about yourself and your community? **Piccolo**:Hi, I'm Piccolo. I run BO฿ Space in Bangkok, and we also have a satellite location called the BO฿ Space corner in Chiang Mai, thanks to the Bitcoin Learning Center. **Piccolo**:Regarding my background，I originally came from corporate finance and investment banking. I was in that field for about 20 years, with the last 15 spent running my own firm in corporate finance advisory alongside a couple of partners. We eventually sold the advisory business in 2015, took a short break, and in 2016, I ended up launching a fintech company, which is still operational today. The company specializes in equity crowdfunding and is licensed by the SEC in Thailand. **Piccolo**:I first bought Bitcoin a few years before truly understanding it, initially thinking it was a scam that would eventually collapse. However, in 2017, the block size wars demonstrated the protocol’s strong resistance to attacks on decentralization, which deeply impacted me. By late 2018 or early 2019, I started to really grasp Bitcoin and kept learning. Then, in mid-2022, after having fully fallen down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, I founded BO฿ Space. It was right after COVID, and since the fintech had scaled down, there was extra space. We started by hosting meetups and technical workshops for people who were interested. **Piccolo**:In the early years, we had various groups come by—like the team from BDK (Bitcoin Development Kit), who held workshops. The people behind the Bitcoin Beach Wallet, which later became Blink, also visited. So, BO฿ Space initially functioned as a meetup and technical workshop space. Eventually, we launched the BOB Builders Residency program, which was a lot of fun. We secured grant funding for developers under different cohort themes, so that they can collaborate and co-work for a few months. So far, we have completed three cohorts. **YakiHonne**:How did your community get started, and what did you do to attract new members in the beginning? **Piccolo**:The initial members came through word of mouth and invitations that I sent out. I reached out to an initial group of Bitcoiners here in the city who I believed were strong maximalists or Bitcoin-only supporters, back when that was still a thing. I sent out 21 invitations and had our first meetup with 21 people, most of whom I had interacted with online, though some in person during the COVID years. From there, it spread by word of mouth, and of course, through Twitter and meetup.com. So, I would say that word of mouth remains the main method of growth. Additionally, when people come through Bangkok and are looking for a Bitcoin-only meetup, there really isn't one available. I believe there are a couple now—maybe two or three—but when we started, there weren’t any, especially not a dedicated Bitcoin-only space. I think we may still be the only one in Bangkok. So yeah, word of mouth was definitely the main way we grew. Bitcoiners tend to share their finds when they meet like-minded people.  **YakiHonne**:Didn’t you have people in your community who initially thought Bitcoin was a scam, like you did, or face similar issues? **Piccolo**:Yes, it still happens, especially when the price of Bitcoin rises. Newcomers still join, and some of them believe Bitcoin might be a scam. However, this has become less frequent. The main reason is that when people come to BO฿ Space, they know it’s a Bitcoin-only meetup. We generally don’t discuss the price; instead, we focus on other aspects of Bitcoin, as there are many interesting developments in the space. **YakiHonne**:What advice would you give to someone looking to start or grow a Bitcoin-focused community in today’s world? Considering the current landscape, much like your own experience, what guidance would you offer? **Piccolo**:It sounds simple, but just do it. When it comes to community building, you don’t necessarily need a physical space. Community is about people coming together, right? Two people can start a community, then three, four, and so on. Meetups can happen anywhere—your favorite bar, a restaurant, a friend’s garage, or wherever. So, just do it, but make sure you have more than one person, otherwise, how can you build a community? Once you have more than one person, word of mouth will spread. And as you develop a core group—let’s say more than five people—that’s when I think the community can truly sustain itself. **YakiHonne**:I know you’ve mentioned the technical side of your community, but I’ll ask anyway—does your community engage with the technical or non-technical aspects of Bitcoin? Or perhaps, is there a blend of both? **Piccolo**:I would say both. It really depends on the monthly themes of our meetups. For example, February was focused on Asian communities in Bitcoin. During that month, community leaders came in to give presentations and discuss their work in places like Indonesia, India, and more recently, someone from HRF (Human Rights Foundation) talked about Bitcoin’s use case in Myanmar. Then, in December, we had a very technical month—Mining Month. It was led by our Cohort 3 residents, where we discussed Stratum V2 and had a demo on it. We also examined the Loki board hardware, and Zack took apart the S19, looking at different ways to repurpose the power supply unit, among other things. So, it’s a mix of both, depending on the theme for that month. Some months are very technical, while others are more community-focused and less technical. **YakiHonne**:What advice would you give to a technically inclined individual or organization looking to contribute meaningfully to the Bitcoin ecosystem? **Piccolo**:For technically inclined individuals, I would suggest identifying your favorite open-source project in the Bitcoin ecosystem. Start from Bitcoin Core and explore different layers, such as Lightning or e-cash, and other open-source projects. As for technically inclined organizations, if you're integrating Bitcoin into your business, I would say, first, make sure you have people within your organization who truly understand Bitcoin. Build a capable team first, and then, depending on the part of the Bitcoin ecosystem you’re involved in—whether it’s custody services, Lightning payments, layer 2, or something like Cashu or Ark—find your niche. From there, your team will work with you to discover ways to contribute. But until you build that capability, organizations are a bit different from individuals in this space. **YakiHonne**:How do you see the world of Bitcoin communities evolving as technology matures, particularly in areas like scalability, privacy, and adaptability with other systems? **Piccolo**:That's an interesting question. If we think about the future of Bitcoin communities, I believe they may eventually disappear as technology matures. Once Bitcoin scales to a point where it integrates seamlessly with other payment systems, becoming part of the everyday norm, the need for dedicated communities will diminish. It’s similar to how we no longer have meetups about refrigerators or iPhones, even though they are technologies we use every day. As Bitcoin matures, it will likely reach that level of ubiquity. There might still be occasional meetups or forums, but they will be more about specific knowledge, use cases, and tools, rather than a community dedicated to introducing others to the technology itself. However, this is a long way off. Bitcoin is still relatively small compared to the global fiat financial system, despite the growth we want to see. So, it will take a long time before we reach that stage. **YakiHonne**:It’s something I hadn’t considered before, and it’s quite insightful. Moving to our last question actually which I find very interesting is the government around you for or against bitcoin and how has That affected the community. **Piccolo**:In my opinion, on a general level, the government is more supportive than opposed to Bitcoin. The Thai government classifies Bitcoin as a digital asset, almost like digital gold. In that sense, they want to tax capital gains and regulate it. They also have a regulatory framework for it, known as the Digital Asset Regulatory Sandbox, where you can test various things, mainly coins and tokens. It's unfortunate, but that’s how it is. However, our government, especially the regulatory bodies, are open to innovation. They recognize that Bitcoin is different, but they still view blockchain and tokens as useful technologies, which is somewhat misguided. So, in that sense, it’s more support than opposition. A couple of years ago, there was a circular discouraging the use of Bitcoin as a payment currency, mainly because they can't control its monetary policy. And they’re right—Bitcoin can’t be controlled by anyone; there’re the protocol and the rules, and everyone follows them, unless there’s a hard fork, which is a different matter. So, in that regard, Bitcoin is definitely categorized as a digital asset by the government, and that’s where it stands. **Piccolo**:People who come to BO฿ Space to learn about Bitcoin are often influenced by the government from the point of price movements; especially when government support moves the price up. But they usually only visit once or twice, especially if they’re not deep into the Bitcoin rabbit hole. They often get disappointed because, at BO฿ Space, we rarely discuss the price—maybe once a year, and that’s just after the meetup when people are having drinks. So, in that sense, I’d say the government currently doesn’t really hurt or help the community either way. People will go down the rabbit hole at their own pace. And if you're not a Bitcoiner and you come to a BO฿ Space meetup with a crypto focus, you might be surprised by the approach we take. **YakiHonne**:Thank you, Piccolo, for your time and insights. It’s been a pleasure speaking with you. Your perspective on the evolution of Bitcoin communities was eye-opening. It's clear that your deep understanding of Bitcoin is invaluable. I'm sure our readers will appreciate your insights. Once again, thank you, Piccolo. I look forward to seeing the continued growth of BO฿ Space and Bitcoin adoption.

@ 2183e947:f497b975

Today I was invited to participate in the private beta of a new social media protocol called Pubky, designed by a bitcoin company called Synonym with the goal of being better than existing social media platforms. As a heavy nostr user, I thought I'd write up a comparison. I can't tell you how to create your own accounts because it was made very clear that only *some* of the software is currently open source, and how this will all work is still a bit up in the air. The code that *is* open source can be found here: https://github.com/pubky -- and the most important repo there seems to be this one: https://github.com/pubky/pubky-core You can also learn more about Pubky here: https://pubky.org/ That said, I used my invite code to create a pubky account and it seemed very similar to onboarding to nostr. I generated a private key, backed up 12 words, and the onboarding website gave me a public key. Then I logged into a web-based client and it looked a lot like twitter. I saw a feed for posts by other users and saw options to reply to posts and give reactions, which, I saw, included hearts, thumbs up, and other emojis. Then I investigated a bit deeper to see how much it was like nostr. I opened up my developer console and navigated to my networking tab, where, if this was nostr, I would expect to see queries to relays for posts. Here, though, I saw one query that seemed to be repeated on a loop, which went to a single server and provided it with my pubkey. That single query (well, a series of identical queries to the same server) seemed to return all posts that showed up on my feed. So I infer that the server "knows" what posts to show me (perhaps it has some sort of algorithm, though the marketing material says it does not use algorithms) and the query was on a loop so that if any new posts came in that the server thinks I might want to see, it can add them to my feed. Then I checked what happens when I create a post. I did so and looked at what happened in my networking tab. If this was nostr, I would expect to see multiple copies of a signed messaged get sent to a bunch of relays. Here, though, I saw one message get sent to the same server that was populating my feed, and that message was not signed, it was a plaintext copy of my message. I happened to be in a group chat with John Carvalho at the time, who is associated with pubky. I asked him what was going on, and he said that pubky is based around three types of servers: homeservers, DHT servers, and indexer servers. The homeserver is where you create posts and where you query for posts to show on your feed. DHT servers are used for censorship resistance: each user creates an entry on a DHT server saying what homeserver they use, and these entries are signed by their key. As for indexers, I think those are supposed to speed up the use of the DHT servers. From what I could tell, indexers query DHT servers to find out what homeservers people use. When you query a homeserver for posts, it is supposed to reach out to indexer servers to find out the homeservers of people whose posts the homeserver decided to show you, and then query those homeservers for those posts. I believe they decided not to look up what homeservers people use directly on DHT servers directly because DHT servers are kind of slow, due to having to store and search through all sorts of non-social-media content, whereas indexers only store a simple db that maps each user's pubkey to their homeserver, so they are faster. Based on all of this info, it seems like, to populate your feed, this is the series of steps: - you tell your homeserver your pubkey - it uses some sort of algorithm to decide whose posts to show you - then looks up the homeservers used by those people on an indexer server - then it fetches posts from their homeservers - then your client displays them to you To create a post, this is the series of steps: - you tell your homeserver what you want to say to the world - it stores that message in plaintext and merely asserts that it came from you (it's not signed) - other people can find out what you said by querying for your posts on your homeserver Since posts on homeservers are not signed, I asked John what prevents a homeserver from just making up stuff and claiming I said it. He said nothing stops them from doing that, and if you are using a homeserver that starts acting up in that manner, what you should do is start using a new homeserver and update your DHT record to point at your new homeserver instead of the old one. Then, indexers should update their db to show where your new homeserver is, and the homeservers of people who "follow" you should stop pulling content from your old homeserver and start pulling it from your new one. If their homeserver is misbehaving too, I'm not sure what would happen. Maybe it could refuse to show them the content you've posted on your new homeserver, keeping making up fake content on your behalf that you've never posted, and maybe the people you follow would never learn you're being impersonated or have moved to a new homeserver. John also clarified that there is not currently any tooling for migrating user content from one homeserver to another. If pubky gets popular and a big homeserver starts misbehaving, users will probably need such a tool. But these are early days, so there aren't that many homeservers, and the ones that exist seem to be pretty trusted. Anyway, those are my initial thoughts on Pubky. Learn more here: https://pubky.org/

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Only one more month to make adjustments and a couple of my guys haven't played enough games to be eligible for the awards. - Jokic needs to play two more - Giannis needs to play five more Other notable players who haven't yet played 65 games: - Luka is not even close - Brunson needs to play four more (and probably needs to be replaced regardless) - Wemby is not even close Here's the current state of the competition with your max possible score next to your nym: | Contestant | MVP | Champ | All NBA | | | | | |--------------|------|---------|----------|-|-|-|-| | @Undisciplined 47| SGA| OKC | Jokic | KAT |Giannis |Tatum | SGA | | @grayruby 46| SGA| Cavs| Jokic | Giannis | SGA| Mitchell| Brunson| | @gnilma 55| SGA| OKC| Jokic | KAT | Giannis | Tatum| SGA | | @BitcoinAbhi 70 | Luka| Denver| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @Bell_curve 63| SGA| Celtics| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @0xbitcoiner 70 | Jokic| Pacers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| Brunson| | @Coinsreporter 49| Giannis| Pacers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| Brunson| | @TheMorningStar 49| Luka| Celtics| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @onthedeklein 49| Luka| T-Wolves| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Wemby| SGA| | @Carresan 34| SGA| Memphis| Jokic | KAT | Giannis | Ant| SGA| | @BTC_Bellzer 34| SGA| Celtics| Jokic| Giannis | Tatum| SGA| Brunson | | @realBitcoinDog 39| Lebron| Lakers| Jokic | Giannis | Ant | Brunson | SGA| | @SimpleStacker 42| SGA| Celtics| Jokic| Tatum| Luka | Brunson| SGA| | @BlokchainB 38| SGA| Knicks| KAT| Giannis | Ant| Brunson| SGA| | @LibertasBR 14| SGA| Celtics| Jokic| Giannis | Tatum | Curry| SGA| | @Meani123 7| SGA| OKC| Jokic | KAT | Tatum | Mitchell | SGA| **Prize** At least 6k (I'll keep adding zaps to the pot). If you want to join this contest, just leave your predictions for MVP, Champion, and All-NBA 1st team in the comments. See the [June post](https://stacker.news/items/585231/r/Undisciplined) for more details. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/928370

@ df06d21e:2b23058f

Imagine a Living Civilization—a new way to see our world. It starts with the Universe’s pillars: Matter, the stuff we’re made of; Energy, the flow that drives us; Physics, the rules we play by; and Chemistry, the complexity that builds us. We know these well. But civilization? That’s our creation—and although it has been described in so many different ways over the years I thought it was time for something new. Civilization has its own pillars, systems that I call the pillars of the Metaverse: Capital, Information, Innovation, and Trust. Capital is how we measure value. Not just money, but everything that matters: skills, we call that Human Capital; ecosystems, that’s Natural Capital; infrastructure, Public Capital; relationships, Social Capital. Picture a farmer swapping Bitcoin sats for seeds—not fiat debt—or tracking soil health alongside his wallet. Capital is a system, a system of measurement. Information is how we verify truth. Think IPFS, a network holding real data—climate stats, farming fixes—open to all, not locked up by some corporate gatekeeper. Information is a system of verification. Innovation is about generating solutions. On GitHub, coders worldwide crank out tools—Nostr clients, solar apps—shared freely, not patented for profit. Innovation is our system of generation. And Trust—it’s coordination. Nostr’s decentralized threads let communities set trade rules, split resources—governance from the ground up, no overlords required. Trust is our system of coordination. Right now we’re stuck in debt-based systems—and they’re failing us. Take fiat currency—central banks print it, slashing your purchasing power. Our dollar buys less every year; savings erode while the elite stack their gains. It’s a scam, Bitcoiners know it—fiat’s the real Ponzi bleeding us dry. Capital gets twisted—firms hoard Bitcoin for fiat pumps, not real wealth; governments chase GDP while forests die and skills sit idle. Information is buried—our media spits out spin, our corporations lock truth in silos. Innovation is stalled—debt props up corporate patents, not open wins. Trust is gone—our governance systems consist of top-down control that splits us apart, left to right, top to bottom. Debt just measures scarcity—money borrowed, nature trashed, bonds frayed—and it’s crushing the pillars. Wealth-based systems promise to turn that around. Bitcoin’s sound money is just the start—sats hold value, not inflate it away. Real capital measures what sustains us—sats fund a cooperative's water pump, not a vault; they track skills taught, land healed, ties rebuilt. Real Information opens up—IPFS logs show ‘biochar boosted yield 20%’, verified by us, not suits. Real Innovation flows—GitHub devs build Lightning hubs, wealth spreads. Real Trust binds us together—Nostr chats align us, no central puppeteer. Wealth based systems strengthen the pillars of the Metaverse, it doesn’t erode them. We needed a new framing. A new vision of what was, what is, and what could be. We have one. This is real. This is the world we are building. Bitcoin is live, Nostr is growing, IPFS and GitHub are humming. We can see Debt teetering; while real wealth is rising. So, hodlers, maxis, plebs—everyone—what does a true wealth-based system look like? How can we measure Capital beyond fiat’s con job? Bitcoin’s the rock, but it’s just the beginning. How do we build on this, expand it, and transform everything as we build something entirely new?

@ 3e6e0735:9e95c8a2

https://i.nostr.build/lanoHI3p2aCKRZlV.png I’ve been thinking a lot lately about why Bitcoin still feels so misunderstood. Not just by the media or the IMF — that part’s predictable. But even inside our own circles, something's missing. We say it’s money. We say it’s freedom. We say it’s code. And it is. But when you really zoom out, past the price and the politics, it’s something more radical than we usually admit. Bitcoin is a shift in how power moves. And what we do with that power now actually matters. ## The noise outside Let’s start with the obvious: the media still doesn’t get it. Every other headline is either a death knell or a celebration depending on the price that day. No context. No nuance. No understanding of what we’re building. You’ve seen the headlines: - “Bitcoin is crashing again.” - “Crypto bros are killing the planet.” - “The IMF warns: Bitcoin adoption is dangerous.” Yeah? Dangerous to what? The system they control. The levers they pull. The old game where the house always wins. That’s why they’re afraid. Not because Bitcoin is volatile, but because it doesn’t ask permission. ## This isn’t about panic — it’s about patterns I’m not saying there’s a conspiracy. But there is inertia. Institutions protect themselves. Systems reinforce themselves. They were never going to roll out the red carpet for an open, borderless network that replaces their function. So the IMF calls it a threat. Central banks scramble to launch CBDCs. And journalists keep writing the same shallow takes while ignoring the real story. Meanwhile, we’re still here. Still building. Still holding. Still running nodes. Bitcoin isn’t perfect. But it’s honest. It doesn’t bend to popularity or political pressure. It enforces rules with math, not people. And that’s exactly why it works. ## Even we miss it sometimes Here’s the part that really hit me recently: even within Bitcoin, we often undersell what this is. We talk about savings. Inflation. Fiat debasement. All real, all important. But what about the broader layer? What about governance? Energy? Communication? Defense? Jason Lowery’s book *Softwar* lit that fuse for me again. Not because it’s flawless — it’s not. But because he reframed the game. Bitcoin isn’t a new weapon. It’s the **end** of weapons-as-power. Proof-of-work, in Lowery’s view, is a form of peaceful negotiation. A deterrent against coercion. A way to shift from kinetic violence to computational resolution. Most people — even many Bitcoiners — haven’t fully absorbed that. It’s not about militarizing the network. It’s about **demilitarizing the world** through energy expenditure that replaces human conflict. Let’s be clear: this doesn’t mean Bitcoin *will* be used this way. It means it *can*. And that opens up a few possible futures: - **Scenario A:** Smaller nations adopt Bitcoin infrastructure as a shield — a deterrent and neutral layer to build sovereignty - **Scenario B:** Superpowers attack mining and self-custody, escalating regulatory capture and fragmenting the open protocol into corporate silos - **Scenario C:** Bitcoin becomes the boring backend of legacy finance, its edge neutered by ETFs and custody-as-a-service Which one wins depends on what we build — and who steps up. ## Then I found Maya I came across Maya Parbhoe’s campaign by accident. One of those late-night rabbit holes where Bitcoin Twitter turns into a global map. She’s running for president of Suriname. She’s a Bitcoiner. And she’s not just tweeting about it — she’s building an entire political platform around it. No central bank. Bitcoin as legal tender. Full fiscal transparency. Open-source government. Yeah. You read that right. Not just open-source software — open-source statehood. Her father was murdered after exposing corruption. That’s not a talking point. That’s real-life consequence. And instead of running away from systems, she’s choosing to redesign one. That’s maximalism. Not in ideology. In action. ## The El Salvador experiment — and evolution When El Salvador made Bitcoin legal tender in 2021, it lit up our feeds. It was bold. Unprecedented. A true first. But not without flaws. The rollout was fast. Chivo wallet was centralized. Adoption stalled in rural areas. Transparency was thin. And despite the brave move, the state’s underlying structure remained top-down. Bukele played offense, but the protocol was wrapped in traditional power. Maya is doing it differently. Her approach is grassroots-forward. Open-source by design. Focused on education, transparency, and modular state-building — not just mandates. She’s not using Bitcoin to *prop up* state power. She’s using it to *distribute* it. ## Maximalism is evolving Look, I get it. The memes are fun. The laser eyes. The beefsteak meetups. The HODL culture. But there’s something else growing here. Something a little quieter, a little deeper: - People running nodes to protect civil liberties - Communities using Lightning for real commerce - Builders forging tools for self-sovereign identity - Leaders like Maya testing what Bitcoin can look like as public infrastructure This is happening. In real time. It’s messy and fragile and still small. But it’s happening. Let’s also stay honest: Maximalism has its risks. Dogma can blind us. Toxicity can push people away. And if we’re not careful, we’ll replace one centralization with another — just wearing different memes. We need less purity, more principles. Less hype, more clarity. That’s the kind of maximalism Maya embodies. ## What now? Maya doesn’t have a VC fund or an ad agency. She has a message, a mission, and the courage to put Bitcoin on the ballot. If that resonates, help her. Not just by donating — though here’s the link: **https://geyser.fund/project/maya2025/** But by sharing. Writing. Talking. Translating. Connecting. Bitcoin is still early. But it’s not abstract anymore. This isn’t just theory. It’s a protocol, sure. But now, maybe it’s a presidency too. https://i.nostr.build/0luYy8ojK7gkxsuL.png

@ 3e6e0735:9e95c8a2

https://i.nostr.build/lanoHI3p2aCKRZlV.png I’ve been thinking a lot lately about why Bitcoin still feels so misunderstood. Not just by the media or the IMF — that part’s predictable. But even inside our own circles, something's missing. We say it’s money. We say it’s freedom. We say it’s code. And it is. But when you really zoom out, past the price and the politics, it’s something more radical than we usually admit. Bitcoin is a shift in how power moves. And what we do with that power now actually matters. ## The noise outside Let’s start with the obvious: the media still doesn’t get it. Every other headline is either a death knell or a celebration depending on the price that day. No context. No nuance. No understanding of what we’re building. You’ve seen the headlines: - “Bitcoin is crashing again.” - “Crypto bros are killing the planet.” - “The IMF warns: Bitcoin adoption is dangerous.” Yeah? Dangerous to what? The system they control. The levers they pull. The old game where the house always wins. That’s why they’re afraid. Not because Bitcoin is volatile, but because it doesn’t ask permission. ## This isn’t about panic — it’s about patterns I’m not saying there’s a conspiracy. But there is inertia. Institutions protect themselves. Systems reinforce themselves. They were never going to roll out the red carpet for an open, borderless network that replaces their function. So the IMF calls it a threat. Central banks scramble to launch CBDCs. And journalists keep writing the same shallow takes while ignoring the real story. Meanwhile, we’re still here. Still building. Still holding. Still running nodes. Bitcoin isn’t perfect. But it’s honest. It doesn’t bend to popularity or political pressure. It enforces rules with math, not people. And that’s exactly why it works. ## Even we miss it sometimes Here’s the part that really hit me recently: even within Bitcoin, we often undersell what this is. We talk about savings. Inflation. Fiat debasement. All real, all important. But what about the broader layer? What about governance? Energy? Communication? Defense? Jason Lowery’s book *Softwar* lit that fuse for me again. Not because it’s flawless — it’s not. But because he reframed the game. Bitcoin isn’t a new weapon. It’s the **end** of weapons-as-power. Proof-of-work, in Lowery’s view, is a form of peaceful negotiation. A deterrent against coercion. A way to shift from kinetic violence to computational resolution. Most people — even many Bitcoiners — haven’t fully absorbed that. It’s not about militarizing the network. It’s about **demilitarizing the world** through energy expenditure that replaces human conflict. Let’s be clear: this doesn’t mean Bitcoin *will* be used this way. It means it *can*. And that opens up a few possible futures: - **Scenario A:** Smaller nations adopt Bitcoin infrastructure as a shield — a deterrent and neutral layer to build sovereignty - **Scenario B:** Superpowers attack mining and self-custody, escalating regulatory capture and fragmenting the open protocol into corporate silos - **Scenario C:** Bitcoin becomes the boring backend of legacy finance, its edge neutered by ETFs and custody-as-a-service Which one wins depends on what we build — and who steps up. ## Then I found Maya I came across Maya Parbhoe’s campaign by accident. One of those late-night rabbit holes where Bitcoin Twitter turns into a global map. She’s running for president of Suriname. She’s a Bitcoiner. And she’s not just tweeting about it — she’s building an entire political platform around it. No central bank. Bitcoin as legal tender. Full fiscal transparency. Open-source government. Yeah. You read that right. Not just open-source software — open-source statehood. Her father was murdered after exposing corruption. That’s not a talking point. That’s real-life consequence. And instead of running away from systems, she’s choosing to redesign one. That’s maximalism. Not in ideology. In action. ## The El Salvador experiment — and evolution When El Salvador made Bitcoin legal tender in 2021, it lit up our feeds. It was bold. Unprecedented. A true first. But not without flaws. The rollout was fast. Chivo wallet was centralized. Adoption stalled in rural areas. Transparency was thin. And despite the brave move, the state’s underlying structure remained top-down. Bukele played offense, but the protocol was wrapped in traditional power. Maya is doing it differently. Her approach is grassroots-forward. Open-source by design. Focused on education, transparency, and modular state-building — not just mandates. She’s not using Bitcoin to *prop up* state power. She’s using it to *distribute* it. ## Maximalism is evolving Look, I get it. The memes are fun. The laser eyes. The beefsteak meetups. The HODL culture. But there’s something else growing here. Something a little quieter, a little deeper: - People running nodes to protect civil liberties - Communities using Lightning for real commerce - Builders forging tools for self-sovereign identity - Leaders like Maya testing what Bitcoin can look like as public infrastructure This is happening. In real time. It’s messy and fragile and still small. But it’s happening. Let’s also stay honest: Maximalism has its risks. Dogma can blind us. Toxicity can push people away. And if we’re not careful, we’ll replace one centralization with another — just wearing different memes. We need less purity, more principles. Less hype, more clarity. That’s the kind of maximalism Maya embodies. ## What now? Maya doesn’t have a VC fund or an ad agency. She has a message, a mission, and the courage to put Bitcoin on the ballot. If that resonates, help her. Not just by donating — though here’s the link: [https://geyser.fund/project/maya2025 ](https://geyser.fund/project/maya2025) But by sharing. Writing. Talking. Translating. Connecting. Bitcoin is still early. But it’s not abstract anymore. This isn’t just theory. It’s a protocol, sure. But now, maybe it’s a presidency too. https://i.nostr.build/0luYy8ojK7gkxsuL.png

@ 3e6e0735:9e95c8a2

# Bitcoin: This Isn’t Just Theory Anymore I’ve been thinking a lot lately about why Bitcoin still feels so misunderstood. Not just by the media or the IMF — that part’s predictable. But even inside our own circles, something's missing. We say it’s money. We say it’s freedom. We say it’s code. And it is. But when you really zoom out, past the price and the politics, it’s something more radical than we usually admit. Bitcoin is a shift in how power moves. And what we do with that power now actually matters. ## The noise outside Let’s start with the obvious: the media still doesn’t get it. Every other headline is either a death knell or a celebration depending on the price that day. No context. No nuance. No understanding of what we’re building. You’ve seen the headlines: - “Bitcoin is crashing again.” - “Crypto bros are killing the planet.” - “The IMF warns: Bitcoin adoption is dangerous.” Yeah? Dangerous to what? The system they control. The levers they pull. The old game where the house always wins. That’s why they’re afraid. Not because Bitcoin is volatile, but because it doesn’t ask permission. ## This isn’t about panic — it’s about patterns I’m not saying there’s a conspiracy. But there is inertia. Institutions protect themselves. Systems reinforce themselves. They were never going to roll out the red carpet for an open, borderless network that replaces their function. So the IMF calls it a threat. Central banks scramble to launch CBDCs. And journalists keep writing the same shallow takes while ignoring the real story. Meanwhile, we’re still here. Still building. Still holding. Still running nodes. Bitcoin isn’t perfect. But it’s honest. It doesn’t bend to popularity or political pressure. It enforces rules with math, not people. And that’s exactly why it works. ## Even we miss it sometimes Here’s the part that really hit me recently: even within Bitcoin, we often undersell what this is. We talk about savings. Inflation. Fiat debasement. All real, all important. But what about the broader layer? What about governance? Energy? Communication? Defense? Jason Lowery’s book *Softwar* lit that fuse for me again. Not because it’s flawless — it’s not. But because he reframed the game. Bitcoin isn’t a new weapon. It’s the **end** of weapons-as-power. Proof-of-work, in Lowery’s view, is a form of peaceful negotiation. A deterrent against coercion. A way to shift from kinetic violence to computational resolution. Most people — even many Bitcoiners — haven’t fully absorbed that. It’s not about militarizing the network. It’s about **demilitarizing the world** through energy expenditure that replaces human conflict. Let’s be clear: this doesn’t mean Bitcoin *will* be used this way. It means it *can*. And that opens up a few possible futures: - **Scenario A:** Smaller nations adopt Bitcoin infrastructure as a shield — a deterrent and neutral layer to build sovereignty - **Scenario B:** Superpowers attack mining and self-custody, escalating regulatory capture and fragmenting the open protocol into corporate silos - **Scenario C:** Bitcoin becomes the boring backend of legacy finance, its edge neutered by ETFs and custody-as-a-service Which one wins depends on what we build — and who steps up. ## Then I found Maya I came across Maya Parbhoe’s campaign by accident. One of those late-night rabbit holes where Bitcoin Twitter turns into a global map. She’s running for president of Suriname. She’s a Bitcoiner. And she’s not just tweeting about it — she’s building an entire political platform around it. No central bank. Bitcoin as legal tender. Full fiscal transparency. Open-source government. Yeah. You read that right. Not just open-source software — open-source statehood. Her father was murdered after exposing corruption. That’s not a talking point. That’s real-life consequence. And instead of running away from systems, she’s choosing to redesign one. That’s maximalism. Not in ideology. In action. ## The El Salvador experiment — and evolution When El Salvador made Bitcoin legal tender in 2021, it lit up our feeds. It was bold. Unprecedented. A true first. But not without flaws. The rollout was fast. Chivo wallet was centralized. Adoption stalled in rural areas. Transparency was thin. And despite the brave move, the state’s underlying structure remained top-down. Bukele played offense, but the protocol was wrapped in traditional power. Maya is doing it differently. Her approach is grassroots-forward. Open-source by design. Focused on education, transparency, and modular state-building — not just mandates. She’s not using Bitcoin to *prop up* state power. She’s using it to *distribute* it. ## Maximalism is evolving Look, I get it. The memes are fun. The laser eyes. The beefsteak meetups. The HODL culture. But there’s something else growing here. Something a little quieter, a little deeper: - People running nodes to protect civil liberties - Communities using Lightning for real commerce - Builders forging tools for self-sovereign identity - Leaders like Maya testing what Bitcoin can look like as public infrastructure This is happening. In real time. It’s messy and fragile and still small. But it’s happening. Let’s also stay honest: Maximalism has its risks. Dogma can blind us. Toxicity can push people away. And if we’re not careful, we’ll replace one centralization with another — just wearing different memes. We need less purity, more principles. Less hype, more clarity. That’s the kind of maximalism Maya embodies. ## What now? Maya doesn’t have a VC fund or an ad agency. She has a message, a mission, and the courage to put Bitcoin on the ballot. If that resonates, help her. Not just by donating — though here’s the link: **https://geyser.fund/project/maya2025/** But by sharing. Writing. Talking. Translating. Connecting. Bitcoin is still early. But it’s not abstract anymore. This isn’t just theory. It’s a protocol, sure. But now, maybe it’s a presidency too. https://i.nostr.build/0luYy8ojK7gkxsuL.png

@ 3e6e0735:9e95c8a2

# Bitcoin: This Isn’t Just Theory Anymore I’ve been thinking a lot lately about why Bitcoin still feels so misunderstood. Not just by the media or the IMF — that part’s predictable. But even inside our own circles, something's missing. We say it’s money. We say it’s freedom. We say it’s code. And it is. But when you really zoom out, past the price and the politics, it’s something more radical than we usually admit. Bitcoin is a shift in how power moves. And what we do with that power now actually matters. ## The noise outside Let’s start with the obvious: the media still doesn’t get it. Every other headline is either a death knell or a celebration depending on the price that day. No context. No nuance. No understanding of what we’re building. You’ve seen the headlines: - “Bitcoin is crashing again.” - “Crypto bros are killing the planet.” - “The IMF warns: Bitcoin adoption is dangerous.” Yeah? Dangerous to what? The system they control. The levers they pull. The old game where the house always wins. That’s why they’re afraid. Not because Bitcoin is volatile, but because it doesn’t ask permission. ## This isn’t about panic — it’s about patterns I’m not saying there’s a conspiracy. But there is inertia. Institutions protect themselves. Systems reinforce themselves. They were never going to roll out the red carpet for an open, borderless network that replaces their function. So the IMF calls it a threat. Central banks scramble to launch CBDCs. And journalists keep writing the same shallow takes while ignoring the real story. Meanwhile, we’re still here. Still building. Still holding. Still running nodes. Bitcoin isn’t perfect. But it’s honest. It doesn’t bend to popularity or political pressure. It enforces rules with math, not people. And that’s exactly why it works. ## Even we miss it sometimes Here’s the part that really hit me recently: even within Bitcoin, we often undersell what this is. We talk about savings. Inflation. Fiat debasement. All real, all important. But what about the broader layer? What about governance? Energy? Communication? Defense? Jason Lowery’s book *Softwar* lit that fuse for me again. Not because it’s flawless — it’s not. But because he reframed the game. Bitcoin isn’t a new weapon. It’s the **end** of weapons-as-power. Proof-of-work, in Lowery’s view, is a form of peaceful negotiation. A deterrent against coercion. A way to shift from kinetic violence to computational resolution. Most people — even many Bitcoiners — haven’t fully absorbed that. It’s not about militarizing the network. It’s about **demilitarizing the world** through energy expenditure that replaces human conflict. Let’s be clear: this doesn’t mean Bitcoin *will* be used this way. It means it *can*. And that opens up a few possible futures: - **Scenario A:** Smaller nations adopt Bitcoin infrastructure as a shield — a deterrent and neutral layer to build sovereignty - **Scenario B:** Superpowers attack mining and self-custody, escalating regulatory capture and fragmenting the open protocol into corporate silos - **Scenario C:** Bitcoin becomes the boring backend of legacy finance, its edge neutered by ETFs and custody-as-a-service Which one wins depends on what we build — and who steps up. ## Then I found Maya I came across Maya Parbhoe’s campaign by accident. One of those late-night rabbit holes where Bitcoin Twitter turns into a global map. She’s running for president of Suriname. She’s a Bitcoiner. And she’s not just tweeting about it — she’s building an entire political platform around it. No central bank. Bitcoin as legal tender. Full fiscal transparency. Open-source government. Yeah. You read that right. Not just open-source software — open-source statehood. Her father was murdered after exposing corruption. That’s not a talking point. That’s real-life consequence. And instead of running away from systems, she’s choosing to redesign one. That’s maximalism. Not in ideology. In action. ## The El Salvador experiment — and evolution When El Salvador made Bitcoin legal tender in 2021, it lit up our feeds. It was bold. Unprecedented. A true first. But not without flaws. The rollout was fast. Chivo wallet was centralized. Adoption stalled in rural areas. Transparency was thin. And despite the brave move, the state’s underlying structure remained top-down. Bukele played offense, but the protocol was wrapped in traditional power. Maya is doing it differently. Her approach is grassroots-forward. Open-source by design. Focused on education, transparency, and modular state-building — not just mandates. She’s not using Bitcoin to *prop up* state power. She’s using it to *distribute* it. ## Maximalism is evolving Look, I get it. The memes are fun. The laser eyes. The beefsteak meetups. The HODL culture. But there’s something else growing here. Something a little quieter, a little deeper: - People running nodes to protect civil liberties - Communities using Lightning for real commerce - Builders forging tools for self-sovereign identity - Leaders like Maya testing what Bitcoin can look like as public infrastructure This is happening. In real time. It’s messy and fragile and still small. But it’s happening. Let’s also stay honest: Maximalism has its risks. Dogma can blind us. Toxicity can push people away. And if we’re not careful, we’ll replace one centralization with another — just wearing different memes. We need less purity, more principles. Less hype, more clarity. That’s the kind of maximalism Maya embodies. ## What now? Maya doesn’t have a VC fund or an ad agency. She has a message, a mission, and the courage to put Bitcoin on the ballot. If that resonates, help her. Not just by donating — though here’s the link: **https://geyser.fund/project/maya2025/** But by sharing. Writing. Talking. Translating. Connecting. Bitcoin is still early. But it’s not abstract anymore. This isn’t just theory. It’s a protocol, sure. But now, maybe it’s a presidency too. https://i.nostr.build/0luYy8ojK7gkxsuL.png

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Preko is a charming seaside town on Ugljan Island, just a short ferry ride from Zadar. Known for its beautiful beaches, relaxed atmosphere, and stunning views of the Adriatic, it's the perfect place to experience authentic Dalmatian island life.  ## **🌊 Top Things to See & Do in Preko** ### **1️⃣ Swim at Jaz Beach 🏖️** - A **Blue Flag beach** with **clear turquoise waters and soft pebbles**. - Ideal for **families** thanks to its shallow waters. - Nearby **cafés and restaurants** make it a great spot to spend the day. ### **2️⃣ Visit the Islet of Galevac 🏝️** - A **tiny island just 80 meters from Preko**, reachable by swimming or a short boat ride. - Home to a **15th-century Franciscan monastery**, surrounded by lush greenery. - A **peaceful retreat**, perfect for relaxation.  ### **3️⃣ Hike to St. Michael’s Fortress (Sv. Mihovil) 🏰** - A **medieval fortress from the 13th century** with **breathtaking panoramic views**. - Overlooks **Zadar, Kornati Islands, and the Adriatic Sea**. - A **1-hour scenic hike** from Preko or accessible by **bike or car**. ### **4️⃣ Explore the Local Taverns & Seafood Restaurants 🍽️** - Try **fresh seafood, octopus salad, and Dalmatian peka (slow-cooked meat & vegetables)**. - **Best spots:** Konoba Roko (authentic seafood) & Vile Dalmacija (beachfront dining). ### **5️⃣ Rent a Bike or Scooter 🚲** - Explore **Ugljan Island’s olive groves, hidden coves, and coastal paths**. - Visit nearby villages like **Kali and Kukljica** for more local charm.  ### **6️⃣ Take a Day Trip to Zadar ⛵** - Just **25 minutes by ferry**, Zadar offers **historic landmarks, the Sea Organ, and Roman ruins**. - Perfect for a cultural excursion before returning to the peaceful island.  ## **🚗 How to Get to Preko** 🚢 **By Ferry:** - **From Zadar:** Regular ferries (Jadrolinija) take **~25 minutes**. 🚘 **By Car:** - If driving, take the **ferry from Zadar to Preko** and explore the island. 🚴 **By Bike:** - Many visitors rent bikes to explore Ugljan Island’s coastal roads.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Preko** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **May–September** for warm weather & swimming 🌞 ✅ **Ferry schedules** – Check times in advance, especially in the off-season ⏳ ✅ **Bring cash** – Some smaller taverns and cafés may not accept cards 💰 ✅ **Stay for sunset** – The views over Zadar from Preko’s waterfront are stunning 🌅 Would you like **hotel recommendations, hidden beaches, or other island activities**? 😊

@ 8dac122d:0fc98d37

 `UNOFFICIAL SHOPFRONT` I really enjoyed @plebpoet new craft playing with paper and delivering a weekly zine for us! Such great idea! @k00b decided to sell the physical printed copies online with _zaprite_. A fair and understandable decision after a thoughtful examination on how to [easily self-host of a basic ecommerce store that accepts bitcoin](https://stacker.news/items/920555/r/AGORA). Anyhow, we're still missing an ecommerce shopfront, and I though, why not test with this ~AGORA marketplace thing we got here! This post will be collecting all the issue weekly, including (when available) direct links to: - the original announcement here on SN - the digital versions for screen readers, - the PDF booklet file, for those willing to print the file themselves, - the link to zaprite to acquire the printed zine with fiat or sats, delivered worldwide to you via post. I'll add a comment below for each issue. LFG @SN! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/928207

@ fe9e99a0:5123e9a8

What’s happening?

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Krka National Park, located in central Dalmatia, is one of Croatia’s most breathtaking natural wonders. Famous for its stunning waterfalls, crystal-clear lakes, and lush forests, the park is a must-visit for nature lovers. Unlike Plitvice Lakes, Krka allows swimming in certain areas, making it a perfect summer escape.  ## **🌊 Top Things to See & Do in Krka National Park** ### **1️⃣ Skradinski Buk Waterfall 💦** - The **largest and most famous waterfall** in the park, with **cascading pools and wooden walkways**. - You **used to be able to swim here**, but since 2021, swimming is no longer allowed. - Perfect for **photography and picnics**. ### **2️⃣ Roški Slap Waterfall 🌿** - A **less crowded but equally beautiful** series of waterfalls. - Known for its **"necklace" of small cascades** leading into the main fall. - Nearby **Mlinica**, a restored **watermill**, shows traditional Croatian life. ### **3️⃣ Visovac Island & Monastery 🏝️** - A **tiny island** in the middle of the Krka River, home to a **Franciscan monastery** from the 15th century. - Accessible by **boat tour** from Skradinski Buk or Roški Slap. - A peaceful, scenic spot with **stunning views of the lake**.  ### **4️⃣ Krka Monastery 🏛️** - A **Serbian Orthodox monastery** hidden deep in the park. - Built on **ancient Roman catacombs**, which you can explore. - A **quiet, spiritual place**, often overlooked by tourists. ### **5️⃣ Hike & Walk the Nature Trails 🥾** - The park has **several well-marked trails** through forests, waterfalls, and lakes. - Wooden walkways allow **easy access** to the main sights. - **Wildlife spotting**: Look out for **otters, turtles, and over 200 bird species**! ### **6️⃣ Swim at Skradin Beach 🏖️** - While you can’t swim at Skradinski Buk anymore, **Skradin Beach**, just outside the park, is a great spot for a dip. - **Kayaking and boat tours** available.  ## **🚗 How to Get to Krka National Park** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Split (SPU), 1 hour away**. 🚘 **By Car:** - **Split to Krka:** ~1 hour (85 km) - **Zadar to Krka:** ~1 hour (75 km) - **Dubrovnik to Krka:** ~3.5 hours (280 km) 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Split, Zadar, and Šibenik** to the park’s entrances. 🚢 **By Boat:** From **Skradin**, you can take a **boat ride** into the park.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Krka National Park** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring & early autumn (April–June, September–October)** – Fewer crowds & mild weather 🍃 ✅ **Start early!** **Arrive before 10 AM** to avoid crowds, especially in summer ☀️ ✅ **Bring water & snacks** – Limited food options inside the park 🍎 ✅ **Wear comfy shoes** – Wooden walkways & trails can be slippery 👟 ✅ **Take a boat tour** – The best way to see Visovac Island & hidden spots ⛵ ✅ **Buy tickets online** – Save time at the entrance 🎟️ 

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

It's Finally here Stackers! It's Friday! We're about to kick off our weekends with some feel good tracks. Let's get the party started. Bring me those Feel Good tracks. Let's get it! https://youtu.be/r1ATFedwjnk?si=tPtLac6ExYZCx3Ez originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/928119

@ 3c389c8f:7a2eff7f

There is a new web being built on Nostr. At it's core, is a social experience paralleled by no other decentralized protocol. Nostr not only solves the problems of siloed relationships, third-party identity ownership, and algorithmic content control; it makes possible a ubiquitous social network across almost anything imaginable. User controlled identity, open data, and verifiable social graphs allow us to redefine trust on the web. We can interact with each other and online content in ways that have previously only been pipedreams. Nostr is not just social media, it is the web made social. ### Interoperability The client/relay relationship on Nostr allows for almost endless data exchange between various apps, clients, relays, and users. If any two things are willing to speak the same sub-protocol(s) within Nostr, they can exchange data. Making a friend list enables that list to be used in any other place that chooses to make it available. Creating a relay to serve an algorithmic social feed makes that feed viewable in any client that displays social feeds. Health data held by a patient can be shared with any care provider, verified by their system, and vice versa. This is the point where I have to acknowledge my own tech-deaf limitations and direct you towards nostr.com for more information. ### Data Resiliency I prefer to use the term resiliency here, because its really a mix of data redundancy and self-managed data that creates broad availability. Relays may host 10, 20, 30+ copies of your notes in different locations, but you also have no assurance that those relays will hosts those notes forever. An individual operating their own relay, while also connecting to the wider network, ensures resiliency in events such that wide swaths of the network should disappear or collude against an individual. The simplicity of relay management makes it possible for nearly anyone to make sure that they have a way to convey their messages to their individual network, whether that be close contacts, an audience, or one individual. This resiliency doesn't just apply to typical speech, it applies to any data intended to be shared amongst humans and machines alike. ### Pseudonymity and Anonymity With privacy encroachment from corporations, advertisers, and governments reaching all time highs, the need for identity protecting tools is also on the rise. Nostr utilizes public key encryption for its identity system. As there is no central entity to "verify" you, there is no need to expose any personal identifiable information to any Nostr app, client, or relay. You can protect your personal identity by simply choosing not to expose it. Your reputation will build as you interact with others on the Nostr network. Your social capital can speak for itself. (As with everything else, utilizing a VPN is recommended.) ### Identity and Provability No one can stop an impersonator from trying to hijack an identity. With Nostr, you CAN prove that you are you, though, which is basically the same as saying "that person is not me" Every note you write, every action you take, is cryptographically signed by your private key. As long as you maintain control of that key, you can prove what you did or did not do. ### Censorship Resistance If you have read our Relay Rundown then you probably get the idea. If not here's the tl;dr: Many small, lightweight relays make up Nostr's distribution system. They are simple enough that anyone can run one. They are redundant enough that you can be almost certain your content exists somewhere. If that is not peace of mind enough, you can run your own with ease. Censorship resistance isn't counting on one company, man, or server to protect what you say. It is taking control of your speech. Nostr makes it easy. ### Freedom of Mind and Association Nostr eliminates the need for company run algorithms that high-jack your attention to feed the advertising industry. You are free to choose your social media experience. Nostr's DVMs, curations, and conversation-centered relays offer discovery mechanisms run by any number of providers. That could be an individual, a company, a group, or you. Many clients incorporate different ways of engaging with these corporate algorithm alternatives. You can also choose to keep a purely chronological feed of the the things and people you follow. Exploring Nostr through its many apps opens up a the freedom to choose what and how you feed your mind. When we are able to explore, we end up surrounding ourselves with people who share our interests & hobbies. We find friends. This creates distance between ideologies and stark beliefs that often are used as the basis for the term "being in a bubble". Instead of bubbling off, an infinitely open space of thoughts and ideas allows for groups to gather naturally. In this way, we can choose not to block ourselves off from opposing views but to simply distance ourselves from them. Nostr's relay system also allows for the opposite. Tight-knit communities can create a space for its members to socialize and exchange information with minimal interference from any outside influence. By setting up their own relays with strict rules, the members can utilize one identity to interact within a community or across the broader social network.

@ 0d6c8388:46488a33

Huge thank you to [OpenSats for the grant](https://opensats.org/blog/10th-wave-of-nostr-grants) to work on [Hypernote this year](https://www.hypernote.club/)! I thought I'd take this opportunity to try and share my thought processes for Hypernote. If this all sounds very dense or irrelevant to you I'm sorry! === How can the ideas of "hypermedia" benefit nostr? That's the goal of hypernote. To take the best ideas from "hypertext" and "hypercard" and "hypermedia systems" and apply them to nostr in a specifically nostr-ey way. ### 1. What do we mean by hypermedia A hypermedia document embeds the methods of interaction (links, forms, and buttons are the most well-known hypermedia controls) within the document itself. It's including the _how_ with the _what_. This is how the old web worked. An HTML page was delivered to the web browser, and it included in it a link or perhaps a form that could be submitted to obtain a new, different HTML page. This is how the whole web worked early on! Forums and GeoCities and eBay and MySpace and Yahoo! and Amazon and Google all emerged inside this paradigm. A web browser in this paradigm was a "thin" client which rendered the "thick" application defined in the HTML (and, implicitly, was defined by the server that would serve that HTML). Contrast this with modern app development, where the _what_ is usually delivered in the form of JSON, and then HTML combined with JavaScript (React, Svelte, Angular, Vue, etc.) is devised to render that JSON as a meaningful piece of hypermedia within the actual browser, the _how_. The browser remains a "thin" client in this scenario, but now the application is delivered in two stages: a client application of HTML and JavaScript, and then the actual JSON data that will hydrate that "application". (Aside: it's interesting how much "thicker" the browser has had to become to support this newer paradigm!) Nostr was obviously built in line with the modern paradigm: nostr "clients" (written in React or Svelte or as mobile apps) define the _how_ of reading and creating nostr events, while nostr events themselves (JSON data) simply describe the _what_. And so the goal with Hypernote is to square this circle somehow: nostr currently delivers JSON _what_, how do we deliver the _how_ with nostr as well. Is that even possible? ### 2. Hypernote's design assumptions Hypernote assumes that hypermedia over nostr is a good idea! I'm expecting some joyful renaissance of app expression similar to that of the web once we figure out how to express applications in a truly "nostr" way. Hypernote was also [deeply inspired by HTMX](https://hypermedia.systems/hypermedia-a-reintroduction/), so it assumes that building web apps in the HTMX style is a good idea. The HTMX insight is that instead of shipping rich scripting along with your app, you could simply make HTML a _tiny_ bit more expressive and get 95% of what most apps need. HTMX's additions to the HTML language are designed to be as minimal and composable as possible, and Hypernote should have the same aims. Hypernote also assumes that the "design" of nostr will remain fluid and anarchic for years to come. There will be no "canonical" list of "required" NIPs that we'll have "consensus" on in order to build stable UIs on top of. Hypernote will need to be built responsive to nostr's moods and seasons, rather than one holy spec. Hypernote likes the `nak` command line tool. Hypernote likes markdown. Hypernote likes Tailwind CSS. Hypernote likes SolidJS. Hypernote likes cold brew coffee. Hypernote is, to be perfectly honest, my aesthetic preferences applied to my perception of an opportunity in the nostr ecosystem. ### 3. "What's a hypernote?" Great question. I'm still figuring this out. Everything right now is subject to change in order to make sure hypernote serves its intended purpose. But here's where things currently stand: A hypernote is a flat list of "Hypernote Elements". A Hypernote Element is composed of: 1. CONTENT. Static or dynamic content. (the what) 2. LOGIC. Filters and events (the how) 3. STYLE. Optional, inline style information specific to this element's content. In the most basic example of a [hypernote story](https://hypernote-stories.fly.dev/), here's a lone "edit me" in the middle of the canvas:  ``` { "id": "fb4aaed4-bf95-4353-a5e1-0bb64525c08f", "type": "text", "text": "edit me", "x": 540, "y": 960, "size": "md", "color": "black" } ``` As you can see, it has no logic, but it does have some content (the text "edit me") and style (the position, size, and color). Here's a "sticker" that displays a note: ``` { "id": "2cd1ef51-3356-408d-b10d-2502cbb8014e", "type": "sticker", "stickerType": "note", "filter": { "kinds": [ 1 ], "ids": [ "92de77507a361ab2e20385d98ff00565aaf3f80cf2b6d89c0343e08166fed931" ], "limit": 1 }, "accessors": [ "content", "pubkey", "created_at" ], "x": 540, "y": 960, "associatedData": {} } ``` As you can see, it's kind of a mess! The content and styling and underdeveloped for this "sticker", but at least it demonstrates some "logic": a nostr filter for getting its data. Here's another sticker, this one displays a form that the user can interact with to SEND a note. Very hyper of us! ``` { "id": "42240d75-e998-4067-b8fa-9ee096365663", "type": "sticker", "stickerType": "prompt", "filter": {}, "accessors": [], "x": 540, "y": 960, "associatedData": { "promptText": "What's your favorite color?" }, "methods": { "comment": { "description": "comment", "eventTemplate": { "kind": 1111, "content": "${content}", "tags": [ [ "E", "${eventId}", "", "${pubkey}" ], [ "K", "${eventKind}" ], [ "P", "${pubkey}" ], [ "e", "${eventId}", "", "${pubkey}" ], [ "k", "${eventKind}" ], [ "p", "${pubkey}" ] ] } } } } ``` It's also a mess, but it demos the other part of "logic": methods which produce new events. This is the total surface of hypernote, ideally! Static or dynamic content, simple inline styles, and logic for fetching and producing events. I'm calling it "logic" but it's purposfully not a whole scripting language. At most we'll have some sort of `jq`-like language for destructing the relevant piece of data we want. My ideal syntax for a hypernote as a developer will look something like ```foo.hypernote Nak-like logic Markdown-like content CSS-like styles ``` But with JSON as the compile target, this can just be my own preference, there can be other (likely better!) ways of authoring this content, such as a Hypernote Stories GUI. ### The end I know this is all still vague but I wanted to get some ideas out in the wild so people understand the through line of my different Hypernote experiments. I want to get the right amount of "expressivity" in Hypernote before it gets locked down into one spec. My hunch is it can be VERY expressive while remaining simple and also while not needing a whole scripting language bolted onto it. If I can't pull it off I'll let you know.

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

In an audacious display of confidence, Bitcoin traders have recently committed $20 million to a $200K call option, a move that has reignited discussions about the cryptocurrency's potential and the broader market's appetite for risk. This development is set against a backdrop of increasing activity within the cryptocurrency options market, particularly on platforms like Deribit, where total open interest in Bitcoin options has reached unprecedented levels. This article explores the nuances of this strategic wager, examines the resurgence of investor enthusiasm, and contemplates the future implications for Bitcoin and the cryptocurrency market at large. **Table of Contents** - A Surge in Market Activity - The Bold Bet on Bitcoin's Future - Implications of the $200K Call Option - Increased Market Volatility - Renewed Investor Confidence - Speculative Interest and Market Dynamics - Looking Ahead: Bitcoin's Market Prospects - Conclusion - FAQs **A Surge in Market Activity** The cryptocurrency options market has experienced a significant uptick in activity, with Bitcoin and Ethereum options achieving record-breaking open interest figures. On Deribit, Bitcoin options open interest has soared to a staggering $20.4 billion, eclipsing the previous high of $14.36 billion seen in October 2021. Concurrently, Ethereum options open interest has also reached a historic peak of $11.66 billion. This pronounced increase in market activity is indicative of a growing interest among traders to either hedge their positions against potential price fluctuations or to speculate on the future price movements of these leading cryptocurrencies. The surge in options trading volume reflects a broader trend of maturation within the cryptocurrency market, as sophisticated financial instruments become increasingly utilized by a diverse array of market participants, from individual investors to large institutional players. **The Bold Bet on Bitcoin's Future** The decision by traders to allocate $20 million to a $200K call option for Bitcoin represents a significant vote of confidence in the cryptocurrency's future price trajectory. This high-stakes gamble suggests that a segment of the market is not only optimistic about Bitcoin's potential to breach the $200,000 threshold but is also willing to back this belief with substantial financial commitment. Such a move is emblematic of the "animal spirits" returning to the cryptocurrency market—a term coined by economist John Maynard Keynes to describe the instinctive human emotion that drives consumer confidence and investment decisions. This resurgence of speculative fervor and risk-taking behavior is a testament to the enduring allure of Bitcoin as an asset class that continues to captivate the imagination of investors, despite its history of volatility and regulatory challenges. **Implications of the $200K Call Option** The substantial investment in the $200K call option carries several implications for the Bitcoin market and the broader cryptocurrency ecosystem: **Increased Market Volatility** The focus on high strike price options could introduce heightened volatility into the Bitcoin market. As traders position themselves to capitalize on potential price movements, the market may witness more pronounced fluctuations. This environment of increased volatility underscores the speculative nature of cryptocurrency trading and the high-risk, high-reward strategies employed by some market participants. It also highlights the need for investors to approach the market with caution, armed with a thorough understanding of the underlying risks and a clear investment strategy. **Renewed Investor Confidence** The bold wager on the $200K call option reflects a significant resurgence in investor confidence in Bitcoin's long-term prospects. Following periods of market downturns and regulatory uncertainty, this move signals a renewed conviction in the fundamental value proposition of Bitcoin as a pioneering digital asset. It represents a collective belief in the cryptocurrency's ability to not only recover from past setbacks but to chart new territories in terms of price and market capitalization. This renewed investor confidence may serve as a catalyst for further investment in Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, potentially driving up prices and encouraging more widespread adoption. **Speculative Interest and Market Dynamics** The commitment to the $200K call option highlights the continued influence of speculative interest on the cryptocurrency market's dynamics. It illustrates how speculation, driven by the prospect of outsized returns, remains a central force shaping market trends and price trajectories. This speculative interest, while contributing to market liquidity and price discovery, also introduces an element of unpredictability. It underscores the complex interplay between market sentiment, investor behavior, and external economic factors that collectively determine the direction of the cryptocurrency market. **Looking Ahead: Bitcoin's Market Prospects** The strategic bet on the $200K call option, amidst a backdrop of increasing options market activity, paints a complex picture of Bitcoin's future. While the move signals optimism and a willingness among investors to engage in high-risk speculation, it also raises questions about the sustainability of such bullish sentiment. As Bitcoin continues to navigate the evolving landscape of digital finance, the interplay between speculative interest, regulatory developments, and technological advancements will be critical in shaping its future trajectory. The cryptocurrency market's inherent volatility and unpredictability necessitate a cautious approach from investors, emphasizing the importance of risk management and long-term strategic planning. **Conclusion** Bitcoin's latest foray into high-stakes speculation, marked by the $20 million lock on the $200K call option, is a vivid illustration of the cryptocurrency's enduring appeal and the market's appetite for risk. This development not only reflects a bullish outlook on Bitcoin's price potential but also signals a broader resurgence of investor enthusiasm and speculative activity within the cryptocurrency market. As we look to the future, the outcomes of such bold moves will undoubtedly influence the trajectory of Bitcoin and the digital asset landscape at large. Whether Bitcoin will reach the lofty heights of $200,000 remains to be seen, but its journey there will be closely watched by traders, investors, and regulators alike, offering valuable insights into the dynamics of speculative markets and the evolving role of cryptocurrencies in the global financial ecosystem. **FAQs** **What does locking $20 million in a $200K call option mean for Bitcoin?** Locking $20 million in a $200K call option indicates that traders are betting a significant amount of money on Bitcoin reaching or surpassing $200,000. It reflects a bullish outlook on Bitcoin's future price and a resurgence of speculative interest in the cryptocurrency market. **How does the surge in Bitcoin options market activity affect the cryptocurrency?** The surge in Bitcoin options market activity, with record open interest, increases market liquidity and can lead to heightened volatility. It also signifies growing interest and participation in the cryptocurrency market, potentially influencing Bitcoin's price dynamics. **What are the implications of increased market volatility for Bitcoin investors?** Increased market volatility can lead to larger price swings, presenting both opportunities and risks for investors. While it may offer the potential for higher returns, it also increases the risk of losses. Investors should approach the market with caution and consider their risk tolerance and investment strategy. **Why are investors optimistic about Bitcoin reaching $200,000?** Investors' optimism about Bitcoin reaching $200,000 stems from factors such as the cryptocurrency's past performance, the upcoming Bitcoin halving event, increasing institutional adoption, and favorable macroeconomic conditions. These factors contribute to a bullish sentiment in the market. **What role do institutional investors play in the current Bitcoin market trend?** Institutional investors play a significant role in the current Bitcoin market trend by bringing in substantial capital, lending credibility to the market, and influencing price movements. Their participation is seen as a sign of maturity and stability in the cryptocurrency market. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnewsco](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co/](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@thebitcoinlibertarian](https://www.youtube.com/@thebitcoinlibertarian)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** **Get Orange Pill App And Connect With Bitcoiners In Your Area. Stack Friends Who Stack Sats link: https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/croxroad** **Buy Bitcoin Books At Konsensus Network Store. 10% Discount With Code “21croxroad” link: https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=21croxroad** *DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.*

@ bf95e1a4:ebdcc848

This is a part of the Bitcoin Infinity Academy course on Knut Svanholm's book Bitcoin: Sovereignty Through Mathematics. For more information, check out our[ Geyser page](https://geyser.fund/project/infinity)! ## Financial Atheism “Don’t trust, verify” is a common saying amongst bitcoiners that represents a sound attitude towards not only Bitcoin but all human power structures. In order to understand Bitcoin, one must admit that everything in society is man-made. Every civilization, every religion, every constitution, and every law is a product of human imagination. It wasn’t until as late as the 17th century that the scientific method started to become the dominant practice for describing how the world actually worked. Peer-to-peer review and repeated testing of a hypothesis are still quite recent human practices. Before this, we were basically just guessing and trusting authorities to a large extent. We still do this today, and despite our progress over the last couple of centuries, we still have a long way to go. Our brains are hardwired to follow the leader of the pack. The human brain is born with a plethora of cognitive biases pre-installed, and we have to work very hard to overcome them. We evolved to survive in relatively small groups, and our brains are thus not really made for seeing the bigger picture. Bitcoin’s proof-of-work algorithm is constructed in such a way that it is easy to verify that computational power was sacrificed in order to approve a block of transactions and claim its reward. In this way, no trust in any authority is required as it is relatively trivial to test the validity of a block and the transactions it contains. This is nothing short of a complete reimagining of how human society ought to be governed. The beauty of mathematics governs the Bitcoin system. Everything that ever happens in Bitcoin is open and verifiable to everyone, even to those who are not yet using it. After the tragic events of 9/11 in 2001, Sam Harris started writing his book *The End of Faith*, which happened to be released around the same time as Richard Dawkins’ *The God Delusion*, Daniel Dennett's *Breaking the Spell*, and Christopher Hitchens’ *God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything*. These books kick-started what, in hindsight, has often been referred to as the new atheist movement, even though there has arguably never been anything new about atheism. Atheism must almost certainly have preceded religion since religious ideas require the person holding the idea to believe a certain doctrine or story. Atheism is nothing but the rejection of ways to describe the world that are not verifiable by experimentation. A fly on the wall is probably an atheist by this definition of the word. Atheism is often accused of being just another set of beliefs, but the word itself describes what it is much better — a lack of belief in theistic ideas. It is not a code of conduct or set of rules to live your life by; it is simply the rejection of that which cannot be scientifically verified. Many people, religious people, in particular, have a hard time grasping this. If you believe that a supernatural entity created everything in everyone's life, you might not be too comfortable with a word that describes a complete rejection of what you believe created everything, including the very atheist that the word describes. The amount of different religious worldviews that exist is probably equal to the sum of all religious people on the planet, but all world views that reject these superstitious beliefs require but one word. Atheism is not the opposite of religion but is simply the lack of it. In 2008, another sub-culture movement of unbelief was born. Let’s call it *Financial Atheism* — the rejection of unverifiable value claims. With the invention of Bitcoin, a way of rejecting fraudulent expressions of a token’s value was born. Those of us fortunate enough to have been born in secular countries all enjoy not having the ideas of religious demagogues dictating our lives on a daily basis. We can choose which ideas to believe in and which to reject. What we still have very limited means of choosing, however, are the ways in which we express value to each other. We’re told to use a system in which we all have a certain number of value tokens assigned to our name, either as a number on a screen or as digits on paper notes. We all live in the collective hallucination that these numbers are somehow legit and that their authenticity is not to be questioned. A Bitcoin balance assigned to a certain Bitcoin address might seem just as questionable to a layman, but if you have a basic understanding of the hashing algorithms and game theory behind it, it’s not. At the time of writing, the hash of the latest block on the Bitcoin blockchain begins with eighteen zeros in a row. These zeros represent the Proof of Work that ensures that this block is valid and that every transaction in it actually happened. If you can grasp the concept of a hashing algorithm, and if you have an intuition about mathematics, you realize the gargantuan amount of calculating effort that went into finding this particular hash. It is simply mind-blowing. To forge a false version of a hash beginning with eighteen zeros just wouldn’t be economically viable. Of course, you can never actually know that a 51% attack or some other attempt at corrupting the blockchain hasn’t occurred, but you can know that such an attack would require more than half of the network acting against their own economic interest. Bitcoin is not something to believe in. You don’t need to trust any authority because you can validate the plausibility of its authenticity yourself. It’s the financial equivalent of atheism or unbelief. Satoshi wasn’t Jesus. Satoshi was Brian of Nazareth, telling his followers to think for themselves. The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. The second law states that the entropy of any isolated system always increases, and the third law states that the entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero. In the Bitcoin network, participants known as miners compete for new Bitcoin in a lottery with very fixed rules. The more hashing power (computing power) a miner contributes to the network, the higher his chances of winning the block reward, a specific amount of Bitcoin that is halved every four years. The difficulty of this lottery - in other words, the miner’s chance of winning it — is re-calibrated every 2016th block so that the average time it takes to find the next block is always roughly ten minutes. What this system produces is absolute scarcity; the amount of Bitcoin in existence at any moment in time is always predictable. The more time that passes, the slower the rate of coin issuance and the block reward slowly approaches zero. By the time it does, around the year 2140, the individual miner’s incentive to mine for a reward will, at least theoretically, have been replaced by an incentive to collect transaction fees from the participants of the network. Even now, the sum of all fees make up a non-trivial part of the miners’ revenue. Yet from a user’s point of view the fees are still very low, and as the network scales up using Layer 2 solutions such as the Lightning Network, they’re expected to remain low for quite a long time ahead. Absolute scarcity is a concept that mankind has never encountered before. Arguably, this makes it the first man-made concept to ever be directly linked to the laws of physics. Everything anyone does requires a certain amount of energy. The very word *doing* implies that some kind of movement, some type of energy expenditure, needs to occur. As mentioned earlier, how we value things is entirely subjective. Different actions are of different value to different people. How we value different things is also inevitably linked to the supply of those things. Had the trapped-under-ice winter diver mentioned in chapter one been equipped with a scuba tank, he probably wouldn't have thought of his next breath as such a precious thing. The price a person is willing to pay for a good — in other words, the sum of one or more person’s actions — can be derived from two basic variables: The highly subjective *demand* for the good and the always-constrained-by-time-and-space *supply* of that same good. Note that if supply is sufficiently limited, there only needs to be a minimal amount of demand for a good for its price to increase. One could argue that no one *needs* Bitcoin and that, therefore, Bitcoin would have no intrinsic value. One could also argue that there’s no such thing as intrinsic value since demand is always subjective. In any case, there will always be a cost to mine Bitcoin, and the more mining power in the network, the higher that cost. This cost, ensured by the Bitcoin network’s Proof-Of-Work algorithm, is probably as close to a pure energy cost as the price of a human activity will ever get. Once the mining rig is in place, a simple conversion process follows — energy in, scarce token out. Should the cost of production exceed the current price of the token, the miner can just choose not to sell, thereby limiting the supply of Bitcoin in circulation even more and eventually selling them for other goods whenever he sees fit. In this sense, Bitcoin is a battery. Perhaps the best battery ever invented. Storing and moving electrical energy around has always been costly and wasteful. Bitcoin offers a way of converting energy into a small part of a specific number. A mathematical battery, if you will. It is important to remember that it does not convert energy into value *directly*, but rather electricity into digital scarcity — digital scarcity that can be used to express value. Energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system, as the first law of thermodynamics clearly states. Bitcoin can express how much energy was sacrificed in order to acquire a share of the total sum. You can also acquire Bitcoin by buying it rather than mining it, but in doing so, you also spend energy. You somehow acquired the money with which you bought the Bitcoin. You, or someone else, sacrificed time and energy somewhere. Bitcoin lets you express that you see that there’s a connection between value and scarcity by letting you sacrifice effort to claim a part of the total sum. The excitement we so-called "Bitcoin Maximalists" feel about Bitcoin does not come primarily from the enormous gains that those who hopped early onto the freight train have been blessed with. Nor is it because we’re “in it for the technology,” as can often be heard from opponents. Those of us who preach the near-divinity of this invention do so above all because we see the philosophical impacts of absolute scarcity in a commodity. The idea of a functioning solution to the double-spending problem in computerized money is an achievement that simply can’t be ignored. By solving the double-spending problem, Satoshi also made counterfeiting impossible, which in turn makes artificial inflation impossible. The world-changing potential of this invention cannot be understated. Not in the long run. The more you think about it, the more the thought won’t give you any peace of mind. If this experiment works, if it’s real, it will take civilization to the next level. What we don’t know is how long this will take. Right now, debates in the Bitcoin space are about Bitcoin’s functionality as a medium of exchange and its potential as a good store of value. We might be missing the point. We cannot possibly know if a type of monetary token for which you’re completely responsible, with no third-party protection, will ever become a preferred medium of exchange for most transactions. Nor can we know if the price of Bitcoin will follow the hype-cycle path that we all want it to follow so that it can become the store of value that most maximalists claim it already is. Maybe we’ve been focused on the wrong things all along. Maybe Bitcoin’s greatest strength is in its functionality as a unit of account. After all, this is all that Bitcoin does. If you own 21 Bitcoin, you own one-millionth of the world's first absolutely scarce commodity. This might not make you rich overnight, but it just might have something to do with the opportunities available to your great-great-grandchildren. Throughout history, whenever a prehistoric human tribe invented ceremonial burial, that tribe began to expand rapidly. Why? Because as soon as you invent belief in an afterlife, you also introduce the idea of self-sacrifice on a larger scale. People who held these beliefs were much easier for a despot to manipulate and send into battle with neighboring tribes. Religious leaders can use people’s fears and superstitions to have them commit all sorts of atrocities to their fellow man, and they still do so today. Belief in a “greater good” can be the most destructive idea that can pop up in a human mind. The Nazis of World War II Germany believed that exterminating Jews was for the “greater good” of their nation’s gene pool. Belief in noble causes often comes with unintended side effects, which can have disastrous consequences. Religious leaders, political leaders, and other power-hungry sociopaths are responsible for the greatest crimes against humanity ever committed — namely, wars. Europeans often question the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution, which protects the right to bear arms, whenever a tragic school shooting occurs on the other side of the Atlantic. What everyone seems to forget is that less than a hundred years ago, Europe was at war with itself because its citizens had given too much power to their so-called leaders. The Nazis came to power in a democracy — never forget that. Our individual rights weren’t given to us by our leaders; we were born with them. Our leaders can’t give us anything; they can only force us to behave in certain ways. If we truly want to be in charge of our lives, we need to find the tools necessary to circumvent the bullshit ourselves. ### **About the Bitcoin Infinity Academy** The Bitcoin Infinity Academy is an educational project built around [Knut Svanholm](http://primal.net/knut)’s books about Bitcoin and Austrian Economics. Each week, a whole chapter from one of the books is released for free on Highlighter, accompanied by a [video](https://www.youtube.com/@BitcoinInfinityShow) in which Knut and [Luke de Wolf](http://primal.net/luke) discuss that chapter’s ideas. You can join the discussions by signing up for one of the courses on our [Geyser](https://geyser.fund/project/infinity) page. Signed books, monthly calls, and lots of other benefits are also available.

@ e97aaffa:2ebd765d

Nos últimos anos, tornei-me num acérrimo crítico do Euro, sobretudo da política monetária altamente expansionista realizada pelo Banco Central Europeu (BCE). Apesar de ser crítico, eu não desejo que Portugal volte a ter moeda própria. No seguimento gráfico, é a variação do [IPC de Portugal nos últimos 60 anos]( https://www.pordata.pt/pt/estatisticas/inflacao/taxa-de-inflacao/taxa-de-inflacao-por-bens-e-servicos-portugal):  No gráfico inclui os momentos históricos, para uma melhor interpretação dos dados. > O Índice de Preços ao Consumidor (IPC) é usado para observar tendências de inflação. É calculado com base no preço médio necessário para comprar um conjunto de bens de consumo e serviços num país, comparando com períodos anteriores. É uma ferramenta utilizada para calcular a perda de poder de compra, mas é uma métrica que é facilmente manipulada em prol dos interesses dos governos. ## Análise histórica No período marcelista, houve uma crescente inflação, devido a fatores, como os elevados custos da guerra e o fim dos acordos de Bretton Woods contribuíram para isso. Terminando com uma inflação superior a 13%. Da Revolta dos Cravos (1974) até à adesão da CEE (atual União Europeia, UE), nos primeiros anos foram conturbados a nível político, mesmo após conquistar alguma estabilidade, em termos de política monetária foi um descalabro, com inflação entre 12% a 30% ao ano. Foi o pior momento na era moderna. Com a entrada da CEE, Portugal ainda manteve a independência monetária, mas devido à entrada de muitos milhões de fundos europeus, essências para construir infraestrutura e desenvolver o país. Isto permitiu crescer e modernizar o país, gastando pouco dinheiro próprio, reduzindo a necessidade da expansão monetária e claro a inflação baixou. Depois com a adesão ao Tratado de Maastricht, em 1991, onde estabeleceu as bases para a criação da União Económica e Monetária, que culminou na criação da moeda única europeia, o Euro. As bases eram bastante restritivas, os políticos portugueses foram obrigados a manter uma inflação baixa. Portugal perdeu a independência monetária em 1999, com a entrada em vigor da nova moeda, foi estabelecida a taxa de conversão entre escudos e euros, tendo o valor de 1 euro sido fixado em 200,482 escudos. A Euro entrou em vigor em 1999, mas o papel-moeda só entrou em circulação em 2002. Assim, desde a criação até 2020, a inflação foi sempre abaixo de 5% ao ano, tendo um longo período abaixo dos 3%. A chegada da pandemia, foi um descalabro no BCE, a expansão monetária foi exponencial, resultando numa forte subida no IPC, quase 8% em 2022, algo que não acontecia há 30 anos. ## Conclusão Apesar dos últimos anos, a política monetária do BCE tem sido péssima, mesmo assim continua a ser muito melhor, se esta fosse efetuada em exclusividade por portugueses, não tenho quaisquer dúvidas disso. O passado demonstra isso, se voltarmos a ser independentes monetariamente, será desastroso, vamos virar rapidamente, a Venezuela da Europa. Até temos boas reservas de ouro, mas mesmo assim não são suficientes, mesmo que se inclua outros ativos para permitir a criação de uma moeda lastreada, ela apenas duraria até à primeira crise. É inevitável, somos um país demasiado socialista. A solução não é voltar ao escudo, mas sim o BCE deixar de imprimir dinheiro, como se não houvesse amanhã ou então optar por uma moeda total livre, sem intromissão de políticos. O BCE vai parar de expandir a moeda? Claro que não, eles estão encurralados, a expansão monetária é a única solução para elevada dívida soberana dos estados. A única certeza que eu tenho, a expansão do BCE, será sempre inferior ao do Banco de Portugal, se este estivesse o botão da impressão à sua disposição. Por volta dos 5% é muito mau, mas voltar para a casa dos 15% seria péssimo, esse seria o nosso destino. É muito triste ter esta conclusão, isto é demonstrativo da falta de competência dos políticos e governantes portugueses e o povo também tem uma certa culpa. Por serem poucos exigentes em relação à qualidade dos políticos que elegem e por acreditar que existem almoços grátis. #Bitcoin fixes this

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I'm short on time this morning, so I'm just plagiarizing @grayruby's notes, with minor revisions. # Territory Things: - March Madness Points Challenge https://stacker.news/items/924541/r/Undisciplined - IPL T20k Mania https://stacker.news/items/920125/r/Undisciplined - CricZap https://stacker.news/items/919957/r/Undisciplined - USA vs World https://stacker.news/items/923533/r/Undisciplined - Any changes to NBA Prediction contest for March? (post coming today) - Stackers voted to delay MLB Survivor # NCAA: - How many 1 seeds will make final four? - Cooper Flagg is the consensus number 1 but will he be a great NBA player? # NFL: - Rule change proposals: Ban the tush push and make dynamic kickoff permanent # NBA; - Pre playoffs Power Rankings # Blok'd Shots: - Ovi with 6 to go # MLB: - opening day finally arrived - American League is a crap shoot - Fantasy MLB # Betting: - predyx markets - Betplay- didn't work for me but how are you liking it? And, as we do every week, we'll share an awesome @Aardvark sports fact. What are we missing? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927714

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

Bitcoin.design community is organizing another Designathon, from May 4-18. Let's get creative with bitcoin together. More to come very soon.  The first edition was a bursting success! the website still there https://events.bitcoin.design, and here their previous [announcement](https://bitcoindesign.substack.com/p/the-bitcoin-designathon-2022). Look forward for this to happen! Spread the voice: N: [https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv9w8p93tadlnyx0rkhexj5l48l...](https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv9w8p93tadlnyx0rkhexj5l48lmw9jc7nhhauyq5w3cm4nfsm3mstqtk6m) X: https://x.com/bitcoin_design/status/1905547407405768927 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927650

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Girona, one of Catalonia’s most charming cities, is a perfect mix of history, culture, and gastronomy. Famous for its well-preserved medieval old town, colorful houses along the Onyar River, and Game of Thrones filming locations, Girona is a must-visit destination in northern Spain.  ## **🏰 Top Things to See & Do in Girona** ### **1️⃣ Girona Cathedral (Catedral de Santa Maria) ⛪** - One of **Spain’s most impressive cathedrals**, with **the widest Gothic nave in the world**. - Famous as the **Great Sept of Baelor in Game of Thrones**. - Climb the **steps for a breathtaking city view**. ### **2️⃣ Walk the Medieval Walls (Passeig de la Muralla) 🏰** - Offers **panoramic views** of Girona and the surrounding countryside. - A great way to see the city from above and explore its medieval history.  ### **3️⃣ The Colorful Houses of the Onyar River 🌉** - Girona’s **most iconic view**, with **brightly colored houses reflecting on the river**. - Best viewed from the **Pont de les Peixateries Velles**, designed by **Gustave Eiffel**. ### **4️⃣ Explore the Jewish Quarter (El Call) 🏡** - One of **Europe’s best-preserved Jewish quarters**, with **narrow, medieval streets**. - Visit the **Museum of Jewish History** to learn about Girona’s Jewish heritage.  ### **5️⃣ Arab Baths (Banys Àrabs) 🏛️** - A **12th-century Romanesque bathhouse**, inspired by Moorish architecture. - Features **a beautiful central dome with columns**. ### **6️⃣ Game of Thrones Filming Locations 🎬** - Walk in the footsteps of **Arya Stark** through the city’s **winding streets**. - Visit **the steps of the cathedral, the Jewish Quarter, and Arab Baths**, all featured in the series. ### **7️⃣ Eat at a Michelin-Starred Restaurant 🍽️** - Girona is home to **El Celler de Can Roca**, a **3-Michelin-star restaurant**, ranked among the **best in the world**. - Try **local Catalan dishes** like **"suquet de peix" (fish stew) and botifarra (Catalan sausage).**  ## **🚗 How to Get to Girona** ✈️ **By Air:** Girona-Costa Brava Airport (GRO) is **20 min away**, with budget flights from Europe. 🚆 **By Train:** High-speed AVE trains connect **Barcelona (38 min), Madrid (3.5 hrs), and Paris (5.5 hrs)**. 🚘 **By Car:** 1 hr from **Barcelona**, 40 min from **Figueres (Dalí Museum)**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Barcelona and the Costa Brava**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Girona** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring & autumn (April–June & September–October)** for pleasant weather. 🌤️ ✅ **Wear comfortable shoes** – The old town is **hilly with cobblestone streets**. 👟 ✅ **Try xuixo** – A delicious **cream-filled pastry**, unique to Girona. 🥐 ✅ **Visit early for Game of Thrones spots** – They get crowded during the day! 🎥 ✅ **Take a day trip** – Explore nearby **Costa Brava beaches or Figueres (Dalí Museum).** 🏖️ 

@ a60e79e0:1e0e6813

*This is a long form note of a post that lives on my Nostr educational website [Hello Nostr](https://hellonostr.xyz).* When most people stumble across Nostr, they see is as a 'decentralized social media alternative' — something akin to Twitter (X), but free from corporate control. But the full name, "Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays", gives a clue that there’s more to it than just posting short messages. The 'notes' part is easy to grasp because it forms almost everyone's first touch point with the protocol. But the 'other stuff'? That’s where Nostr really gets exciting. The 'other stuff' is all the creative and experimental things people are building on Nostr, beyond simple text based notes. Every action on Nostr is an event, a like, a post, a profile update, or even a payment. The 'Kind' is what specifies the purpose of each event. Kinds are the building blocks of how information is categorized and processed on the network, and the most popular become part of higher lever specification guidelines known as [Nostr Implementation Possibility - NIP](https://nostr-nips.com/). A NIP is a document that defines how something in Nostr should work, including the rules, standards, or features. NIPs define the type of 'other stuff' that be published and displayed by different styles of client to meet different purposes. > Nostr isn’t locked into a single purpose. It’s a foundation for whatever 'other stuff' you can dream up. > # Types of Other Stuff The 'other stuff' name is intentionally vague. Why? Because the possibilities of what can fall under this category are quite literally limitless. In the short time since Nostr's inception, the number of sub-categories that have been built on top of the Nostr's open protocol is mind bending. Here are a few examples: 1. Long-Form Content: Think blog posts or articles. [NIP-23](https://nostr-nips.com/nip-23). 2. Private Messaging: Encrypted chats between users. [NIP-04](https://nostr-nips.com/nip-04). 3. Communities: Group chats or forums like Reddit. [NIP-72](https://nostr-nips.com/nip-72) 4. Marketplaces: People listing stuff for sale, payable with zaps. [NIP-15](https://nostr-nips.com/nip-15) 5. Zaps: Value transfer over the Lightning Network. [NIP57](https://nostr-nips.com/nip-57)  # Popular 'Other Stuff' Clients Here's a short list of some of the most recent and popular apps and clients that branch outside of the traditional micro-blogging use case and leverage the openness, and interoperability that Nostr can provide. ### Blogging (Long Form Content) - [Habla](https://habla.news/) - *Web app for Nostr based blogs* - [Highlighter](https://highlighter.com/) - *Web app that enables users to highlight, store and share content* ### Group Chats - [Chachi Chat](https://chachi.chat/) - *Relay-based (NIP-29) group chat client* - [0xchat](https://github.com/0xchat-app) - *Mobile based secure chat* - [Flotilla](https://flotilla.social/) - *Web based chat app built for self-hosted communities* - [Nostr Nests](https://nostrnests.com/) - *Web app for audio chats* - [White Noise](https://github.com/erskingardner/whitenoise) - *Mobile based secure chat*  ### Marketplaces - [Shopstr](https://shopstr.store/) - *Permissionless marketplace for web* - [Plebeian Market](https://plebeian.market/) - *Permissionless marketplace for web* - [LNBits Market](https://github.com/lnbits/nostrmarket#nostr-market-nip-15---lnbits-extension) - *Permissionless marketplace for your node* - [Mostro](https://github.com/MostroP2P/mostro) - *Nostr based Bitcoin P2P Marketplace* ### Photo/Video - [Olas](https://github.com/pablof7z/snapstr/releases) - *An Intragram like client* - [Freeflow](https://github.com/nostrlabs-io/freeflow) - *A TikTok like client* ### Music - [Fountain](https://fountain.fm/) - *Podcast app with Nostr features* - [Wavlake](https://wavlake.com/) - *A music app supporting the value-for-value ecosystem*  ### Livestreaming - [Zap.stream](https://zap.stream/) - *Nostr native live streams* ### Misc - [Wikifreedia](https://wikifreedia.xyz/) - *Nostr based Wikipedia alternative* - [Wikistr](https://wikistr.com/) - *Nostr based Wikipedia alternative* - [Pollerama](https://pollerama.fun/) - *Nostr based polls* - [Zap Store](https://zapstore.dev) - *The app store powered by your social graph*  The 'other stuff' in Nostr is what makes it special. It’s not just about replacing Twitter or Facebook, it’s about building a decentralized ecosystem where anything from private chats to marketplaces can thrive. The beauty of Nostr is that it’s a flexible foundation. Developers can dream up new ideas and build them into clients, and the relays just keep humming along, passing the data around. It’s still early days, so expect the 'other stuff' to grow wilder and weirder over time! You can explore the evergrowing 'other stuff' ecosystem at [NostrApps.com](https://nostrapps.com/), [Nostr.net](https://nostr.net/) and [Awesome Nostr](https://github.com/aljazceru/awesome-nostr).

@ 45c41f21:c5446b7a

“区块链行业究竟是在做什么？”——这个问题我到现在还没有想得很清楚。谈论起来可以说很多东西，“确权”、“让每一个比特都有了稀缺性”、“数字黄金”、“点对点支付”，但是具体到了行业落地，又容易陷入“赌场”这个有点乌烟瘴气的现实。 但我想有一点是比较明确的，那就是区块链行业肯定是一个围绕资产的行业。这些资产又跟传统的资产很不一样，最简单的特征是它们都是一个个的代币，通过自动化和可验证的代码铸造、控制，我们可以统称为链上资产。从比特币、以太坊到现在，这中间不管过去了多少不同的周期和浪潮，核心不变的都是出现新一轮受追捧的资产。 既然区块链是关于链上资产的行业，那么最重要的是未来会出现什么新的资产，有什么样的新资产会上链。要回答这个问题，又要我们回过头去看看，从行业诞生至今，区块链留下了哪些有意义的、没意义的，有价值的、没价值的资产。 因此，有必要讨论一下链上资产的分类。 链上资产的种类很多，但总体上我觉得可以按**满足需求的不同，**做一些功能性的划分。同时，抛开去中心化、抗审查等等大词，**链上资产与传统资产最重要的区别可以认为是安全性的来源**。传统资产在传统的社会系统和金融系统中产生，而链上资产是通过可验证代码控制的，所以它的安全性的依赖很清晰，要比现实世界简单很多。 在不同的区块链系统中，使用不同的技术（比如POW/POS），设置不同的规则，拥有不同的治理机制，都会影响安全性。“安全性”和“满足什么样的需求”之间既不是正交的，也不是完全耦合的。在不同层级的安全性之下，可能都会出现满足某一类相同需求的产品，用户使用哪种产品，只取决于自己的风险偏好。另一方面，有些需求只可能在某些特定的安全性保障下才能得到满足，比如跨国际的全球化的抗通胀价值存储。 这篇文章只讨论一些比较简单的分类，可以假设在不同的安全性保障下，每个分类都有可能出现对应的产品。有些安全性是产品内生功能的一部分，有些则完全不影响。同时，这些分类也完全是主观的看法，不一定正确，我所希望的是引发更多对资产进行讨论。 ### 核心资产（高安全性、强需求支撑） 1. **比特币（BTC）** - **核心价值**：全球化抗通胀、抗审查的“数字黄金”。 - **长期逻辑**：全球法币超发背景下，BTC作为去中心化硬通货的需求不可替代。 这是整个行业最重要的资产。也是整个行业最核心的东西。在这个定位下，只会有一个赢者通吃。其他试图竞争的都很难生存下来。它对安全性的要求也是最高的。 ### 经过验证的资产分类 这部分的资产可以认为是行业诞生至今，已经经过验证的、满足某真实需求、会长期存在的资产。 1. **代表优质项目的资产（股票/ICO代币/治理代币等）** - **核心价值**：类似于传统金融世界里的一级市场和二级市场。所谓的“优质”也不一定需要真实落地，可能是叙事/故事驱动，也可能有真实的现金流，但重要的是它能在市场上吸引人买卖。 - **关键指标**：团队是否持续营销和建设？生态是否增长？项目是否解决实际问题？ 2. **DeFi 资产** - **核心价值**：链上金融系统的“基础设施工具”。 - **需求来源**：对套利、链上资产理财的需求会永远存在。 3. **Meme币** - **核心价值**：营销驱动+投机需求的结合体。 - **长期存在性**：人性对暴富故事的追逐不会消失（如Pump.fun、SHIB）。 4. **稳定币** - **核心价值**：加密货币世界的“支付货币”。 - **需求刚性**：交易媒介、避险工具、跨境支付（如USDT、USDC）。 在不同的安全性保障下，上面这些资产大部分都会有对应的产品。 比如稳定币在安全性上可以有中心化的 USDT ，也有去中心化的算法稳定币。理论上，安全性对稳定币是非常重要的。但现实中，“流动性”可能才是给用户传达“这东西到底安不安全“的产品特点，也是比较主要的竞争点。 Meme 则完全不需要安全性，所以对创业者来说在哪里做都差不多。哪里用户更多就适合去哪里。有时，安全性反而是它的阻碍。DeFi 的话，因人而异。安全性高低是否影响用户使用，完全取决于用户自己的风险偏好。 ### 还未经过验证的资产（需求可能存在） - **NFT（收藏品）？** 艺术、身份标识、游戏道具的数字化载体，但流动性差、炒作属性也不见得有 Meme 这么强。会长期存在吗？打个问号。 - **DAO（准入/治理代币）？** 去中心化组织的准入权/管理权通证，依赖 DAO 本身的价值和实际治理参与度决定的价值。DeFi DAO 可能是唯一一个有点发展的方向，其他还非常不成熟，有待验证。 - **RWA（真实世界资产代币化）？** 房产、债券等上链，需要解决法律合规与链下资产映射问题。不确定。 - **社交/游戏/内容资产** 用户数据所有权货币化，还没有像样的有一些用户的产品，就更不用提形成规模经济了。 - **AI 相关的资产？** 是一个变数。如果未来会有成千上万的 AI 智能体与人类共存，链上是承载他们经济系统最合适的基础设施，这里会产生什么新的资产类型？值得期待。 这里面的资产类型，很多还没有找到真实的需求，至少没有经过验证。所以长期来看它们会是区块链行业的方向吗，需要打很多问号。既然需求本身没有得到验证，那么谈安全性对它们的影响，就更加无从谈起了。 当然，这里其实还有一个更有意思的部分，可以多聊一些。也就是**共同知识（法律/合同/规则/代码）**这一类资产。 在应用层，共同知识尚未有代币化的尝试，也难以对其具体价值做定量分析。但如果要说有的实践，以太坊通过交易收取 gas 费和 CKB 通过 Cell 存储状态收取“押金”算是一种在底层的 generalize 的尝试。这种尝试是定量的，可验证的。 以太坊的问题是经济模型不 make sense 导致状态爆炸，ckb 相比是更简单、更明确的。但这里的问题变成了，公链需要通过区块空间的竞争来展示这一种需求是否真的成立。区块空间越紧张，需求就越大。同时安全性越高，对共同知识的保障就越强，也会体现区块空间的价值。 但另一方面，是否有开发者在上面开发应用，会更大的影响这一点。因此开发工具、开发者生态在现阶段可能更重要。 ### 最后 写到这里，发现很多资产似乎又是老生常谈。但从满足需求和安全性两个角度来思考，算是追本溯源的尝试。现在我们面临的处境是，问题还是老的问题，答案是否有新的答案，期待更多讨论。

@ 05cdefcd:550cc264

The crypto world is full of buzzwords. One that I keep on hearing: “Bitcoin is its own asset class”. While I have always been sympathetic to that view, I’ve always failed to understand the true meaning behind that statement. Although I consider Bitcoin to be the prime innovation within the digital asset sector, my primary response has always been: How can bitcoin (BTC), a single asset, represent an entire asset class? Isn’t it Bitcoin and other digital assets that make up an asset class called crypto? Well, I increasingly believe that most of crypto is just noise. Sure, it’s volatile noise that is predominately interesting for very sophisticated hedge funds, market makers or prop traders that are sophisticated enough to extract alpha – but it’s noise nonetheless and has no part to play in a long-term only portfolio of private retail investors (of which most of us are). *Over multiple market cycles, nearly all altcoins underperform Bitcoin when measured in BTC terms. Source: Tradingview* ## Aha-Moment: Bitcoin keeps on giving Still, how can Bitcoin, as a standalone asset, make up an entire asset class? The “aha-moment” to answer this question recently came to me in a [Less Noise More Signal interview](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YHRluf5uxzo) I did with [James Van Straten](https://www.linkedin.com/in/james-van-straten-8782b4112/), senior analyst at Coindesk. Let me paraphrase him here: *“You can’t simply recreate the same ETF as BlackRock. To succeed in the Bitcoin space, new and innovative approaches are needed. This is where understanding Bitcoin not just as a single asset, but as an entire asset class, becomes essential. There are countless ways to build upon Bitcoin’s foundation—varied iterations that go beyond just holding the asset. This is precisely where the emergence of the Bitcoin-linked stock market is taking shape—and it's already underway.”* And this is actually coming to fruition as we speak. Just in the last few days, we saw several products launch in that regard. Obviously, MicroStrategy (now Strategy) is the pioneer of this. The company now [owns](https://www.strategy.com/purchases) 506,137 BTC, and while they’ll keep on buying more, they have also inspired many other companies to follow suit. In fact, there are now already over 70 companies that have adopted Strategy’s Bitcoin playbook. One of the latest companies to buy Bitcoin for their corporate treasury is Rumble. The YouTube competitor just [announced](https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/03/12/video-sharing-platform-rumble-buys-188-btc-for-usd17-1m) their first Bitcoin purchase for $17 million. Also, the gaming zombie company GameStop just announced to raise money to buy BTC for their corporate treasury. *Gamestop to make BTC their hurdle rate. Source: X* ## ETF on Bitcoin companies Given this proliferation of Bitcoin Treasury companies, it was only a matter of time before a financial product tracking these would emerge. The popular crypto index fund provider Bitwise Investments has just launched this very product called the [Bitwise Bitcoin Standard Corporations ETF](https://ownbetf.com/) (OWNB). The ETF tracks Bitcoin Treasury companies with over 1,000 BTC on their balance sheet. These companies invest in Bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset to protect the $5 trillion in low-yield cash that companies in the US commonly sit on. *These are the top 10 holdings of OWNB. Source: Ownbetf* ## ETF on Bitcoin companies’ convertible bonds Another instrument that fits seamlessly into the range of Bitcoin-linked stock market products is the [REX Bitcoin Corporate Treasury Convertible Bond ETF](https://www.rexshares.com/rex-launches-bitcoin-corporate-treasury-convertible-bond-etf/) (BMAX). The ETF provides exposure to the many different convertible bonds issued by companies that are actively moving onto a Bitcoin standard. Convertible bonds are a valuable financing tool for companies looking to raise capital for Bitcoin purchases. Their strong demand is driven by the unique combination of equity-like upside and debt-like downside protection they offer. For example, MicroStrategy's convertible bonds, in particular, have shown exceptional performance. For instance, MicroStrategy's 2031 bonds has shown a price rise of 101% over a one-year period, vastly outperforming MicroStrategy share (at 53%), Bitcoin (at 25%) and the ICE BofA U.S. Convertible Index (at 10%). The latter is the benchmark index for convertible bond funds, tracking the performance of U.S. dollar-denominated convertible securities in the U.S. market. *The chart shows a comparison of ICE BofA U.S. Convertible Index, the Bloomberg Bitcoin index (BTC price), MicroStrategy share (MSTR), and MicroStrategy bond (0.875%, March 15 203). The convertible bond has been outperforming massively. Source: Bloomberg* While the BMAX ETF faces challenges such as double taxation, which significantly reduces investor returns (explained in more detail here), it is likely that future products will emerge that address and improve upon these issues. ## Bitcoin yield products The demand for a yield on Bitcoin has increased tremendously. Consequently, respective products have emerged. Bitcoin yield products aim to generate alpha by capitalizing on volatility, market inefficiencies, and fragmentation within cryptocurrency markets. The objective is to achieve uncorrelated returns denominated in Bitcoin (BTC), with attractive risk-adjusted performance. Returns are derived exclusively from asset selection and trading strategies, eliminating reliance on directional market moves. ### Key strategies employed by these funds include: - *Statistical Arbitrage:* Exploits short-term pricing discrepancies between closely related financial instruments—for instance, between Bitcoin and traditional assets, or Bitcoin and other digital assets. Traders utilize statistical models and historical price relationships to identify temporary inefficiencies. - *Futures Basis Arbitrage:* Captures profits from differences between the spot price of Bitcoin and its futures contracts. Traders simultaneously buy or sell Bitcoin on spot markets and enter opposite positions in futures markets, benefiting as the prices converge. - *Funding Arbitrage:* Generates returns by taking advantage of variations in Bitcoin funding rates across different markets or exchanges. Funding rates are periodic payments exchanged between long and short positions in perpetual futures contracts, allowing traders to profit from discrepancies without significant directional exposure. - *Volatility/Option Arbitrage:* Seeks profits from differences between implied volatility (reflected in Bitcoin options prices) and expected realized volatility. Traders identify mispriced volatility in options related to Bitcoin or Bitcoin-linked equities, such as MSTR, and position accordingly to benefit from volatility normalization. - *Market Making:* Involves continuously providing liquidity by simultaneously quoting bid (buy) and ask (sell) prices for Bitcoin. Market makers profit primarily through capturing the spread between these prices, thereby enhancing market efficiency and earning consistent returns. - *Liquidity Provision in DeFi Markets:* Consists of depositing Bitcoin (usually as Wrapped BTC) into decentralized finance (DeFi) liquidity pools such as those on Uniswap, Curve, or Balancer. Liquidity providers earn fees paid by traders who execute swaps within these decentralized exchanges, creating steady yield opportunities. Notable products currently available in this segment include the Syz Capital BTC Alpha Fund offered by Syz Capital and the Forteus Crypto Alpha Fund by Forteus. ## BTC-denominated share class A Bitcoin-denominated share class refers to a specialized investment fund category in which share values, subscriptions (fund deposits), redemptions (fund withdrawals), and performance metrics are expressed entirely in Bitcoin (BTC), rather than in traditional fiat currencies such as USD or EUR. Increasingly, both individual investors and institutions are adopting Bitcoin as their preferred benchmark—or "Bitcoin hurdle rate"—meaning that investment performance is evaluated directly against Bitcoin’s own price movements. These Bitcoin-denominated share classes are designed specifically for investors seeking to preserve and grow their wealth in Bitcoin terms, rather than conventional fiat currencies. As a result, investors reduce their exposure to fiat-related risks. Furthermore, if Bitcoin outperforms fiat currencies, investors holding BTC-denominated shares will experience enhanced returns relative to traditional fiat-denominated investment classes. X: https://x.com/pahueg Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/@lessnoisemoresignalpodcast Book: https://academy.saifedean.com/product/the-bitcoin-enlightenment-hardcover/

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927569

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

จริงหรือ ว่าโอเมก้า3 ต้องมาจากปลาทะเลเท่านั้น มีเรื่องที่น่าสนใจเรื่องนึงครับ ถ้าพูดถึงโอเมก้า-3 หลายคนอาจนึกถึงปลาทะเลน้ำลึก เช่น แซลมอน แมคเคอเรล หรือซาร์ดีน ซึ่งเป็นแหล่งโอเมก้า-3 ที่ร่างกายใช้ได้ดี แต่ในขณะเดียวกัน ก็มีกลุ่มคนที่พยายามบริโภคโอเมก้า-3 จากพืชแทน เช่น น้ำมันเมล็ดแฟลกซ์ น้ำมันเมล็ดเจีย หรือวอลนัท โดยหวังว่าจะได้รับประโยชน์เช่นเดียวกับการกินปลา แต่ที่เราเรียนรู้กันมาว่า โอเมก้า-3 จากพืชนั้น ร่างกายมนุษย์นำไปใช้ได้น้อยมาก หรือแทบไม่ได้เลย สาเหตุหลักมาจากรูปแบบของโอเมก้า-3 ที่พบในแหล่งต่างๆ โอเมก้า-3 มีอยู่ 3 ชนิดหลัก ได้แก่ ALA (Alpha-Linolenic Acid) – พบในพืช EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) – พบในปลาทะเล DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) – พบในปลาทะเล ร่างกายสามารถใช้ EPA และ DHA ได้โดยตรง แต่สำหรับ ALA นั้น ร่างกายต้องผ่านกระบวนการเปลี่ยนแปลงทางชีวเคมีก่อน ซึ่งกระบวนการนี้ไม่มีประสิทธิภาพนัก โดยทั่วไปแล้ว ALA แปลงเป็น EPA ได้เพียง 5-10% ALA แปลงเป็น DHA ได้เพียง 0.5-5% แปลว่า หากคุณกินเมล็ดแฟลกซ์หรือน้ำมันเมล็ดเจีย แม้ว่าจะมีปริมาณ ALA สูง แต่ร่างกายก็แทบไม่ได้รับ EPA และ DHA ในปริมาณที่เพียงพอเพื่อใช้ประโยชน์อย่างเต็มที่ ทำไมร่างกายแปลง ALA เป็น EPA/DHA ได้น้อย? อันแรกเลยคือ เอนไซม์จำกัด กระบวนการเปลี่ยน ALA เป็น EPA และ DHA จะใช้เอนไซม์เดียวกับการแปลงโอเมก้า-6 ซึ่งมักถูกใช้ไปกับโอเมก้า-6 ที่มากเกินไปในอาหารปัจจุบันซะแล้วนั่นเอง ต่อมาคือ กระบวนการหลายขั้นตอน การเปลี่ยน ALA เป็น DHA ต้องผ่านหลายขั้นตอนทางชีวเคมี ทำให้มีการสูญเสียพลังงานและวัตถุดิบไปมาก และสุดท้าย ปัจจัยทางพันธุกรรมและเพศ บางคน โดยเฉพาะผู้หญิง อาจมีอัตราการเปลี่ยนที่สูงกว่าผู้ชายเล็กน้อย แต่ก็ยังต่ำเมื่อเทียบกับการได้รับ EPA/DHA จากปลาหรือสาหร่ายโดยตรง โอเมก้า-6 ตัวการขัดขวางโอเมก้า-3 จากพืช โอเมก้า-6 เป็นกรดไขมันจำเป็นที่พบมากในน้ำมันพืช เช่น น้ำมันถั่วเหลือง น้ำมันข้าวโพด และน้ำมันดอกทานตะวัน ซึ่งเป็นส่วนประกอบหลักของอาหารแปรรูปในปัจจุบัน ปัญหาคือ เอนไซม์ที่ใช้แปลง ALA ไปเป็น EPA/DHA เป็นตัวเดียวกับที่ใช้แปลงโอเมก้า-6 ไปเป็น AA (Arachidonic Acid) ซึ่งมีบทบาทในการอักเสบ หากเราบริโภคโอเมก้า-6 มากเกินไป (ซึ่งคนส่วนใหญ่ทำ5555) เอนไซม์เหล่านี้จะถูกใช้ไปกับโอเมก้า-6 มากกว่า ทำให้ ALA มีโอกาสแปลงเป็น EPA/DHA น้อยลงไปอีก แล้วคนที่ไม่กินปลาหรือชาววีแกนควรทำอย่างไร? สำหรับคนที่ไม่สามารถหรือไม่ต้องการกินปลา ก็จะมีการบริโภคน้ำมันสาหร่ายที่มี DHA โดยตรงเป็นทางเลือกที่ดีกว่าการหวังพึ่ง ALA จากพืช เพราะ DHA จากสาหร่ายสามารถดูดซึมและใช้ได้ทันทีเหมือน DHA จากปลา ได้ด้วยเหรอ ????? ผมเล่ากำเนิดของ DHA ในปลาให้ประมาณนี้ครับ จริง ๆ แล้ว DHA ซึ่งเป็นโอเมก้า-3 ที่ร่างกายใช้ได้โดยตรง มาจาก Docosahexaenoic Acid ที่เกิดจากกระบวนการสังเคราะห์ตามธรรมชาติ ซึ่งสาหร่ายบางสายพันธุ์ เช่น Schizochytrium และ Crypthecodinium cohnii มีเอนไซม์ที่สามารถเปลี่ยนกรดไขมันพื้นฐานให้กลายเป็น DHA ได้เองซึ่งเป็นส่วนประกอบหลักในระบบนิเวศทะเล(พืชกักเก็บไขมันได้อย่างไร ผมเคยโพสไปแล้ว) โดยเฉพาะ สาหร่ายขนาดเล็ก (microalgae) สาหร่ายจึงเป็นสิ่งมีชีวิตในทะเลพัฒนาให้มี DHA สูงเพราะ DHA เป็นส่วนประกอบสำคัญที่ช่วยรักษาความยืดหยุ่นและความสมบูรณ์ของเยื่อหุ้มเซลล์ในสาหร่าย ทำให้พวกมันสามารถดำรงชีวิตในสภาพแวดล้อมที่มีอุณหภูมิต่ำในทะเลได้ จากนั้นก็เป็นไปตามห่วงโซ่อาหารครับ ปลาและสัตว์ทะเลอื่น ๆ ได้รับ DHA จากการบริโภคสาหร่ายหรือสัตว์เล็ก ๆ ที่กินสาหร่ายมาอีกที ดังนั้น DHA ในปลาเป็นผลมาจากการสะสมจากสาหร่ายโดยตรง นี่เป็นเหตุผลว่าทำไมปลาทะเลน้ำลึก เช่น แซลมอน แมคเคอเรล และซาร์ดีน ถึงมี DHA สูงนั่นเอง งว่ออออออ ดังนั้น เมื่อคุณกิน DHA จากสาหร่าย ก็เท่ากับว่าคุณได้รับ DHA จากต้นกำเนิดแท้จริงในระบบนิเวศทะเลครับ DHA ที่ได้มาจากสาหร่ายสามารถนำไปใช้ในร่างกายได้ทันทีโดยไม่ต้องผ่านกระบวนการเปลี่ยนแปลง เพราะมันอยู่ในรูป Triglyceride หรือ Phospholipid ซึ่งเป็นรูปแบบที่ร่างกายมนุษย์สามารถดูดซึมและนำไปใช้ได้ทันที ปลาไม่ได้แปลงโครงสร้าง DHA แต่เพียงสะสม DHA ไว้ในตัวจากการกินสาหร่าย ดังนั้นการรับประทาน DHA จากสาหร่ายก็ให้ผลเทียบเท่ากับการรับประทาน DHA จากปลา งานวิจัยหลายฉบับยืนยันว่า DHA จากสาหร่ายมีค่าการดูดซึม (Bioavailability) ใกล้เคียงกับ DHA จากน้ำมันปลา แต่หาเอาเองนะถ้าอยากอ่านฉบับเต็ม การผลิตน้ำมันสาหร่ายนั้น เมื่อสาหร่ายเจริญเติบโตเต็มที่แล้ว เขาจะทำการเก็บเกี่ยวและสกัดน้ำมันโดยใช้เทคโนโลยีการแยกที่ทันสมัย ซึ่งช่วยรักษาให้ DHA ที่มีอยู่ในเซลล์สาหร่ายถูกเก็บรักษาไว้ในรูปแบบที่สามารถนำไปใช้ได้โดยตรง จากนั้นจะเข้าสู่การกรองหรือการปั่นแยก (centrifugation) เพื่อให้ได้มวลสาหร่ายที่เข้มข้น จากนั้นจึงทำให้แห้งเพื่อเตรียมเข้าสู่กระบวนการสกัด ซึ่งมีหลายวิธีอาทิเช่น 1 การสกัดด้วยตัวทำละลาย ใช้ตัวทำละลาย เช่น เฮกเซน (Hexane) หรือ เอทานอล (Ethanol) เพื่อสกัดน้ำมันออกจากเซลล์สาหร่าย จากนั้นน้ำมันจะถูกนำไปกลั่นเพื่อแยกตัวทำละลายออก ทำให้ได้น้ำมันที่มีความบริสุทธิ์สูง 2. การสกัดด้วย CO₂ เหลว ใช้ คาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ในสถานะวิกฤติ (Supercritical CO₂) ซึ่งเป็นวิธีที่ทันสมัย ก๊าซ CO₂ จะถูกทำให้มีความดันสูงและอุณหภูมิที่เหมาะสมเพื่อกลายเป็นของเหลว แล้วใช้แยกน้ำมันออกจากเซลล์สาหร่าย วิธีนี้ช่วยให้ได้น้ำมันที่ ปราศจากตัวทำละลายเคมีและมีความบริสุทธิ์สูง 3. การสกัดด้วยการกดอัด หรือ Cold Pressed เป็นวิธีที่ใช้แรงดันทางกลกดเซลล์สาหร่ายเพื่อให้ได้น้ำมันออกมา อันนี้เป็นการผลิตน้ำมันแบบออร์แกนิกเลยครับ แต่ให้ผลผลิตน้อยกว่าวิธีอื่น ๆ น้ำมันที่ได้จากการสกัดจะผ่านการกลั่นด้วยกระบวนการต่าง ๆ เช่น Winterization กำจัดไขมันที่ไม่จำเป็น Molecular Distillation แยกสารตกค้าง เช่น โลหะหนักและสารปนเปื้อน Deodorization กำจัดกลิ่นคาวของสาหร่าย จากนั้นก็บรรจุใส่ซอฟท์เจล พร้อมจำหน่ายนั่นเองครับ ก็ถือว่าเป็นอีกทางเลือกของชาววีแกน ที่ไม่สามารถกินปลาหรือสัตว์ทะเลได้ ก็น่าจะเฮกันดังๆได้เลยครับ จะได้มีตัวช่วยในการลดการอักเสบได้ ส่วนชาว food matrix ก็ต้องเรียนรู้ระบบครับ การกินจากปลาหรือสัตว์ทะเล ก็จะได้โปรตีน แร่ธาตุ วิตามินอื่นๆควบมากับตัวสัตว์ตามที่ธรรมชาติแพคมาให้ ถ้าจะเสริมเป็นน้ำมันสาหร่าย ก็สุดแล้วแต่ความต้องการครับ ไม่ใช่เรื่องแย่อะไร เว้นแต่ไปเทียบราคาเอาเองนะ 55555 #pirateketo #ฉลาก3รู้ #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ a3bb06f6:19ac1b11

“Until you make the unconscious conscious, it will continue to direct your life, and you will call it fate.” — Carl Jung Most people don’t realize they’ve been robbed. Not in the dramatic, wallet-snatching sense, but in a quiet, systemic way that’s gone unnoticed for generations. If you’re feeling like no matter how hard you work, you can’t get ahead… you’re not imagining it. It didn’t start as a scheme—*but one compromise after another*, it became one. Now, the system exploits you by design. This isn’t fate. It’s fiat. The Unconscious Script: How Fiat Becomes Invisible From the moment you're born, you're placed into an economic system based on government-issued fiat currency. It becomes the air you breathe. You work for dollars. You save in dollars. You price **your time**, **your future**, and even **your dreams** in dollars. But few stop to ask: What actually is a dollar? Who creates it? Why does it lose value? This lack of questioning is the unconscious state. Fiat money is the background process running your life. You feel the effects—rising prices, shrinking savings, mounting debt—but you never see the root cause. So you blame yourself. Or “the economy.” Or call it fate. The Lie of Neutral Money: Most believe money is just a neutral tool. But fiat is not neutral—it’s political power encoded into paper. Governments can **print more of it at will**. Central banks can manipulate its supply, distort interest rates, and quietly tax you through inflation. Every time more money is created, your purchasing power shrinks. But it happens slowly, like a leak in a tire. You don’t notice at first. You just feel like you’re working harder for less. The house is further out of reach. The groceries cost more. Retirement feels impossible. And you accept it. Because no one told you it's designed this way. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/80cb04b171e15d56d1224a1458f0ca3ad9a440915c736e145186df1cc2f4979b.png"> Inflation Is the Invisible Thief, Inflation isn’t just a “cost of living increase.” It’s a state-sponsored form of theft. When new money is created, it enters the system unevenly. Those closest to the money printer—banks, governments, **large corporations**—get the new dollars first. By the time it reaches you, prices have already risen. You’re buying the same goods with weaker money. And yet, most people still save in fiat. They’re taught that hoarding cash is “safe.” They’re taught that 2% inflation is “normal.” But it’s not normal to work 40 hours a week and fall behind. That’s the product of unconscious acceptance. The fiat system survives on one thing: your **ignorance**. It didn’t begin with malicious intent, but over time, it adapted to protect its own power—at your expense. As long as you don’t understand how money works, you won’t resist. You’ll blame yourself, or *capitalism*, or bad luck. **But never the system itself**. This is why financial education is *never* prioritized in schools. This is why questioning monetary policy is left to economists and suits on CNBC. You were never taught how it works. And now the system depends on you staying confused—grinding, borrowing, complying, without ever asking why. Making the Unconscious Conscious: Enter **Bitcoin**, Bitcoin breaks this spell. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/8373eb52ee7773e0ffc4591819ff984a27829e47741894456258e2a638029022.png"> It forces you to confront the nature of money—what it is, how it’s created, and why fiat fails. It teaches you that money doesn’t need to be printed, inflated, or controlled. That money can be fixed, finite, and **fair**. Bitcoin is not just a new currency. It’s a tool of consciousness. It exposes the scam of fiat and offers a lifeboat to anyone ready to wake up. Once you understand Bitcoin, you can’t unsee the problem. You begin to ask: Why should I trust a system that steals my **time**? Why is saving discouraged, but debt rewarded? Why do I need permission to use my own money? These aren’t technical questions. They’re **moral** ones. Consciousness Is Sovereignty: When you understand what fiat is, you stop calling your financial struggles “fate.” You start calling them what they are, outcomes of a broken system. And once you see the system for what it is, you can choose to **exit**. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/a8766caf9dc043fa360dbf7c5e473201d72dfeede02a7f08abc9897367a33011.png"> Saving in Bitcoin is not speculation. It’s self-defense. It’s rejecting unconscious servitude. It’s reclaiming your **time**, your **labor**, your **future**. In a fiat world, they own the money—so they own the rules. In a Bitcoin world, you own yourself. That’s the power of making the unconscious conscious. And that’s how you stop calling it fate.

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

NIP-02 ====== Follow List ----------- `final` `optional` A special event with kind `3`, meaning "follow list" is defined as having a list of `p` tags, one for each of the followed/known profiles one is following. Each tag entry should contain the key for the profile, a relay URL where events from that key can be found (can be set to an empty string if not needed), and a local name (or "petname") for that profile (can also be set to an empty string or not provided), i.e., `["p", <32-bytes hex key>, <main relay URL>, <petname>]`. The `.content` is not used. For example: ```jsonc { "kind": 3, "tags": [ ["p", "91cf9..4e5ca", "wss://alicerelay.com/", "alice"], ["p", "14aeb..8dad4", "wss://bobrelay.com/nostr", "bob"], ["p", "612ae..e610f", "ws://carolrelay.com/ws", "carol"] ], "content": "", // other fields... } ``` Every new following list that gets published overwrites the past ones, so it should contain all entries. Relays and clients SHOULD delete past following lists as soon as they receive a new one. Whenever new follows are added to an existing list, clients SHOULD append them to the end of the list, so they are stored in chronological order. ## Uses ### Follow list backup If one believes a relay will store their events for sufficient time, they can use this kind-3 event to backup their following list and recover on a different device. ### Profile discovery and context augmentation A client may rely on the kind-3 event to display a list of followed people by profiles one is browsing; make lists of suggestions on who to follow based on the follow lists of other people one might be following or browsing; or show the data in other contexts. ### Relay sharing A client may publish a follow list with good relays for each of their follows so other clients may use these to update their internal relay lists if needed, increasing censorship-resistance. ### Petname scheme The data from these follow lists can be used by clients to construct local ["petname"](http://www.skyhunter.com/marcs/petnames/IntroPetNames.html) tables derived from other people's follow lists. This alleviates the need for global human-readable names. For example: A user has an internal follow list that says ```json [ ["p", "21df6d143fb96c2ec9d63726bf9edc71", "", "erin"] ] ``` And receives two follow lists, one from `21df6d143fb96c2ec9d63726bf9edc71` that says ```json [ ["p", "a8bb3d884d5d90b413d9891fe4c4e46d", "", "david"] ] ``` and another from `a8bb3d884d5d90b413d9891fe4c4e46d` that says ```json [ ["p", "f57f54057d2a7af0efecc8b0b66f5708", "", "frank"] ] ``` When the user sees `21df6d143fb96c2ec9d63726bf9edc71` the client can show _erin_ instead; When the user sees `a8bb3d884d5d90b413d9891fe4c4e46d` the client can show _david.erin_ instead; When the user sees `f57f54057d2a7af0efecc8b0b66f5708` the client can show _frank.david.erin_ instead.

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

NIP-01 ====== Basic protocol flow description ------------------------------- `draft` `mandatory` This NIP defines the basic protocol that should be implemented by everybody. New NIPs may add new optional (or mandatory) fields and messages and features to the structures and flows described here. ## Events and signatures Each user has a keypair. Signatures, public key, and encodings are done according to the [Schnorr signatures standard for the curve `secp256k1`](https://bips.xyz/340). The only object type that exists is the `event`, which has the following format on the wire: ```jsonc { "id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded sha256 of the serialized event data>, "pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>, "created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>, "kind": <integer between 0 and 65535>, "tags": [ [<arbitrary string>...], // ... ], "content": <arbitrary string>, "sig": <64-bytes lowercase hex of the signature of the sha256 hash of the serialized event data, which is the same as the "id" field> } ``` To obtain the `event.id`, we `sha256` the serialized event. The serialization is done over the UTF-8 JSON-serialized string (which is described below) of the following structure: ``` [ 0, <pubkey, as a lowercase hex string>, <created_at, as a number>, <kind, as a number>, <tags, as an array of arrays of non-null strings>, <content, as a string> ] ``` To prevent implementation differences from creating a different event ID for the same event, the following rules MUST be followed while serializing: - UTF-8 should be used for encoding. - Whitespace, line breaks or other unnecessary formatting should not be included in the output JSON. - The following characters in the content field must be escaped as shown, and all other characters must be included verbatim: - A line break (`0x0A`), use `\n` - A double quote (`0x22`), use `\"` - A backslash (`0x5C`), use `\\` - A carriage return (`0x0D`), use `\r` - A tab character (`0x09`), use `\t` - A backspace, (`0x08`), use `\b` - A form feed, (`0x0C`), use `\f` ### Tags Each tag is an array of one or more strings, with some conventions around them. Take a look at the example below: ```jsonc { "tags": [ ["e", "5c83da77af1dec6d7289834998ad7aafbd9e2191396d75ec3cc27f5a77226f36", "wss://nostr.example.com"], ["p", "f7234bd4c1394dda46d09f35bd384dd30cc552ad5541990f98844fb06676e9ca"], ["a", "30023:f7234bd4c1394dda46d09f35bd384dd30cc552ad5541990f98844fb06676e9ca:abcd", "wss://nostr.example.com"], ["alt", "reply"], // ... ], // ... } ``` The first element of the tag array is referred to as the tag _name_ or _key_ and the second as the tag _value_. So we can safely say that the event above has an `e` tag set to `"5c83da77af1dec6d7289834998ad7aafbd9e2191396d75ec3cc27f5a77226f36"`, an `alt` tag set to `"reply"` and so on. All elements after the second do not have a conventional name. This NIP defines 3 standard tags that can be used across all event kinds with the same meaning. They are as follows: - The `e` tag, used to refer to an event: `["e", <32-bytes lowercase hex of the id of another event>, <recommended relay URL, optional>, <32-bytes lowercase hex of the author's pubkey, optional>]` - The `p` tag, used to refer to another user: `["p", <32-bytes lowercase hex of a pubkey>, <recommended relay URL, optional>]` - The `a` tag, used to refer to an addressable or replaceable event - for an addressable event: `["a", "<kind integer>:<32-bytes lowercase hex of a pubkey>:<d tag value>", <recommended relay URL, optional>]` - for a normal replaceable event: `["a", "<kind integer>:<32-bytes lowercase hex of a pubkey>:", <recommended relay URL, optional>]` (note: include the trailing colon) As a convention, all single-letter (only english alphabet letters: a-z, A-Z) key tags are expected to be indexed by relays, such that it is possible, for example, to query or subscribe to events that reference the event `"5c83da77af1dec6d7289834998ad7aafbd9e2191396d75ec3cc27f5a77226f36"` by using the `{"#e": ["5c83da77af1dec6d7289834998ad7aafbd9e2191396d75ec3cc27f5a77226f36"]}` filter. Only the first value in any given tag is indexed. ### Kinds Kinds specify how clients should interpret the meaning of each event and the other fields of each event (e.g. an `"r"` tag may have a meaning in an event of kind 1 and an entirely different meaning in an event of kind 10002). Each NIP may define the meaning of a set of kinds that weren't defined elsewhere. [NIP-10](10.md), for instance, especifies the `kind:1` text note for social media applications. This NIP defines one basic kind: - `0`: **user metadata**: the `content` is set to a stringified JSON object `{name: <nickname or full name>, about: <short bio>, picture: <url of the image>}` describing the user who created the event. [Extra metadata fields](24.md#kind-0) may be set. A relay may delete older events once it gets a new one for the same pubkey. And also a convention for kind ranges that allow for easier experimentation and flexibility of relay implementation: - for kind `n` such that `1000 <= n < 10000 || 4 <= n < 45 || n == 1 || n == 2`, events are **regular**, which means they're all expected to be stored by relays. - for kind `n` such that `10000 <= n < 20000 || n == 0 || n == 3`, events are **replaceable**, which means that, for each combination of `pubkey` and `kind`, only the latest event MUST be stored by relays, older versions MAY be discarded. - for kind `n` such that `20000 <= n < 30000`, events are **ephemeral**, which means they are not expected to be stored by relays. - for kind `n` such that `30000 <= n < 40000`, events are **addressable** by their `kind`, `pubkey` and `d` tag value -- which means that, for each combination of `kind`, `pubkey` and the `d` tag value, only the latest event MUST be stored by relays, older versions MAY be discarded. In case of replaceable events with the same timestamp, the event with the lowest id (first in lexical order) should be retained, and the other discarded. When answering to `REQ` messages for replaceable events such as `{"kinds":[0],"authors":[<hex-key>]}`, even if the relay has more than one version stored, it SHOULD return just the latest one. These are just conventions and relay implementations may differ. ## Communication between clients and relays Relays expose a websocket endpoint to which clients can connect. Clients SHOULD open a single websocket connection to each relay and use it for all their subscriptions. Relays MAY limit number of connections from specific IP/client/etc. ### From client to relay: sending events and creating subscriptions Clients can send 3 types of messages, which must be JSON arrays, according to the following patterns: * `["EVENT", <event JSON as defined above>]`, used to publish events. * `["REQ", <subscription_id>, <filters1>, <filters2>, ...]`, used to request events and subscribe to new updates. * `["CLOSE", <subscription_id>]`, used to stop previous subscriptions. `<subscription_id>` is an arbitrary, non-empty string of max length 64 chars. It represents a subscription per connection. Relays MUST manage `<subscription_id>`s independently for each WebSocket connection. `<subscription_id>`s are not guaranteed to be globally unique. `<filtersX>` is a JSON object that determines what events will be sent in that subscription, it can have the following attributes: ```json { "ids": <a list of event ids>, "authors": <a list of lowercase pubkeys, the pubkey of an event must be one of these>, "kinds": <a list of a kind numbers>, "#<single-letter (a-zA-Z)>": <a list of tag values, for #e — a list of event ids, for #p — a list of pubkeys, etc.>, "since": <an integer unix timestamp in seconds. Events must have a created_at >= to this to pass>, "until": <an integer unix timestamp in seconds. Events must have a created_at <= to this to pass>, "limit": <maximum number of events relays SHOULD return in the initial query> } ``` Upon receiving a `REQ` message, the relay SHOULD return events that match the filter. Any new events it receives SHOULD be sent to that same websocket until the connection is closed, a `CLOSE` event is received with the same `<subscription_id>`, or a new `REQ` is sent using the same `<subscription_id>` (in which case a new subscription is created, replacing the old one). Filter attributes containing lists (`ids`, `authors`, `kinds` and tag filters like `#e`) are JSON arrays with one or more values. At least one of the arrays' values must match the relevant field in an event for the condition to be considered a match. For scalar event attributes such as `authors` and `kind`, the attribute from the event must be contained in the filter list. In the case of tag attributes such as `#e`, for which an event may have multiple values, the event and filter condition values must have at least one item in common. The `ids`, `authors`, `#e` and `#p` filter lists MUST contain exact 64-character lowercase hex values. The `since` and `until` properties can be used to specify the time range of events returned in the subscription. If a filter includes the `since` property, events with `created_at` greater than or equal to `since` are considered to match the filter. The `until` property is similar except that `created_at` must be less than or equal to `until`. In short, an event matches a filter if `since <= created_at <= until` holds. All conditions of a filter that are specified must match for an event for it to pass the filter, i.e., multiple conditions are interpreted as `&&` conditions. A `REQ` message may contain multiple filters. In this case, events that match any of the filters are to be returned, i.e., multiple filters are to be interpreted as `||` conditions. The `limit` property of a filter is only valid for the initial query and MUST be ignored afterwards. When `limit: n` is present it is assumed that the events returned in the initial query will be the last `n` events ordered by the `created_at`. Newer events should appear first, and in the case of ties the event with the lowest id (first in lexical order) should be first. It is safe to return less events than `limit` specifies, but it is expected that relays do not return (much) more events than requested so clients don't get unnecessarily overwhelmed by data. ### From relay to client: sending events and notices Relays can send 5 types of messages, which must also be JSON arrays, according to the following patterns: * `["EVENT", <subscription_id>, <event JSON as defined above>]`, used to send events requested by clients. * `["OK", <event_id>, <true|false>, <message>]`, used to indicate acceptance or denial of an `EVENT` message. * `["EOSE", <subscription_id>]`, used to indicate the _end of stored events_ and the beginning of events newly received in real-time. * `["CLOSED", <subscription_id>, <message>]`, used to indicate that a subscription was ended on the server side. * `["NOTICE", <message>]`, used to send human-readable error messages or other things to clients. This NIP defines no rules for how `NOTICE` messages should be sent or treated. - `EVENT` messages MUST be sent only with a subscription ID related to a subscription previously initiated by the client (using the `REQ` message above). - `OK` messages MUST be sent in response to `EVENT` messages received from clients, they must have the 3rd parameter set to `true` when an event has been accepted by the relay, `false` otherwise. The 4th parameter MUST always be present, but MAY be an empty string when the 3rd is `true`, otherwise it MUST be a string formed by a machine-readable single-word prefix followed by a `:` and then a human-readable message. Some examples: * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", true, ""]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", true, "pow: difficulty 25>=24"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", true, "duplicate: already have this event"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "blocked: you are banned from posting here"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "blocked: please register your pubkey at https://my-expensive-relay.example.com"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "rate-limited: slow down there chief"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "invalid: event creation date is too far off from the current time"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "pow: difficulty 26 is less than 30"]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "restricted: not allowed to write."]` * `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "error: could not connect to the database"]` - `CLOSED` messages MUST be sent in response to a `REQ` when the relay refuses to fulfill it. It can also be sent when a relay decides to kill a subscription on its side before a client has disconnected or sent a `CLOSE`. This message uses the same pattern of `OK` messages with the machine-readable prefix and human-readable message. Some examples: * `["CLOSED", "sub1", "unsupported: filter contains unknown elements"]` * `["CLOSED", "sub1", "error: could not connect to the database"]` * `["CLOSED", "sub1", "error: shutting down idle subscription"]` - The standardized machine-readable prefixes for `OK` and `CLOSED` are: `duplicate`, `pow`, `blocked`, `rate-limited`, `invalid`, `restricted`, and `error` for when none of that fits.

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

# NIPs NIPs stand for **Nostr Implementation Possibilities**. They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr)-compatible _relay_ and _client_ software. --- - [List](#list) - [Event Kinds](#event-kinds) - [Message Types](#message-types) - [Client to Relay](#client-to-relay) - [Relay to Client](#relay-to-client) - [Standardized Tags](#standardized-tags) - [Criteria for acceptance of NIPs](#criteria-for-acceptance-of-nips) - [Is this repository a centralizing factor?](#is-this-repository-a-centralizing-factor) - [How this repository works](#how-this-repository-works) - [Breaking Changes](#breaking-changes) - [License](#license) --- ## List - [NIP-01: Basic protocol flow description](01.md) - [NIP-02: Follow List](02.md) - [NIP-03: OpenTimestamps Attestations for Events](03.md) - [NIP-04: Encrypted Direct Message](04.md) --- **unrecommended**: deprecated in favor of [NIP-17](17.md) - [NIP-05: Mapping Nostr keys to DNS-based internet identifiers](05.md) - [NIP-06: Basic key derivation from mnemonic seed phrase](06.md) - [NIP-07: `window.nostr` capability for web browsers](07.md) - [NIP-08: Handling Mentions](08.md) --- **unrecommended**: deprecated in favor of [NIP-27](27.md) - [NIP-09: Event Deletion Request](09.md) - [NIP-10: Text Notes and Threads](10.md) - [NIP-11: Relay Information Document](11.md) - [NIP-13: Proof of Work](13.md) - [NIP-14: Subject tag in text events](14.md) - [NIP-15: Nostr Marketplace (for resilient marketplaces)](15.md) - [NIP-17: Private Direct Messages](17.md) - [NIP-18: Reposts](18.md) - [NIP-19: bech32-encoded entities](19.md) - [NIP-21: `nostr:` URI scheme](21.md) - [NIP-22: Comment](22.md) - [NIP-23: Long-form Content](23.md) - [NIP-24: Extra metadata fields and tags](24.md) - [NIP-25: Reactions](25.md) - [NIP-26: Delegated Event Signing](26.md) - [NIP-27: Text Note References](27.md) - [NIP-28: Public Chat](28.md) - [NIP-29: Relay-based Groups](29.md) - [NIP-30: Custom Emoji](30.md) - [NIP-31: Dealing with Unknown Events](31.md) - [NIP-32: Labeling](32.md) - [NIP-34: `git` stuff](34.md) - [NIP-35: Torrents](35.md) - [NIP-36: Sensitive Content](36.md) - [NIP-37: Draft Events](37.md) - [NIP-38: User Statuses](38.md) - [NIP-39: External Identities in Profiles](39.md) - [NIP-40: Expiration Timestamp](40.md) - [NIP-42: Authentication of clients to relays](42.md) - [NIP-44: Encrypted Payloads (Versioned)](44.md) - [NIP-45: Counting results](45.md) - [NIP-46: Nostr Remote Signing](46.md) - [NIP-47: Nostr Wallet Connect](47.md) - [NIP-48: Proxy Tags](48.md) - [NIP-49: Private Key Encryption](49.md) - [NIP-50: Search Capability](50.md) - [NIP-51: Lists](51.md) - [NIP-52: Calendar Events](52.md) - [NIP-53: Live Activities](53.md) - [NIP-54: Wiki](54.md) - [NIP-55: Android Signer Application](55.md) - [NIP-56: Reporting](56.md) - [NIP-57: Lightning Zaps](57.md) - [NIP-58: Badges](58.md) - [NIP-59: Gift Wrap](59.md) - [NIP-60: Cashu Wallet](60.md) - [NIP-61: Nutzaps](61.md) - [NIP-62: Request to Vanish](62.md) - [NIP-64: Chess (PGN)](64.md) - [NIP-65: Relay List Metadata](65.md) - [NIP-66: Relay Discovery and Liveness Monitoring](66.md) - [NIP-68: Picture-first feeds](68.md) - [NIP-69: Peer-to-peer Order events](69.md) - [NIP-70: Protected Events](70.md) - [NIP-71: Video Events](71.md) - [NIP-72: Moderated Communities](72.md) - [NIP-73: External Content IDs](73.md) - [NIP-75: Zap Goals](75.md) - [NIP-78: Application-specific data](78.md) - [NIP-84: Highlights](84.md) - [NIP-86: Relay Management API](86.md) - [NIP-88: Polls](88.md) - [NIP-89: Recommended Application Handlers](89.md) - [NIP-90: Data Vending Machines](90.md) - [NIP-92: Media Attachments](92.md) - [NIP-94: File Metadata](94.md) - [NIP-96: HTTP File Storage Integration](96.md) - [NIP-98: HTTP Auth](98.md) - [NIP-99: Classified Listings](99.md) - [NIP-7D: Threads](7D.md) - [NIP-C7: Chats](C7.md) ## Event Kinds | kind | description | NIP | | ------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | | `0` | User Metadata | [01](01.md) | | `1` | Short Text Note | [10](10.md) | | `2` | Recommend Relay | 01 (deprecated) | | `3` | Follows | [02](02.md) | | `4` | Encrypted Direct Messages | [04](04.md) | | `5` | Event Deletion Request | [09](09.md) | | `6` | Repost | [18](18.md) | | `7` | Reaction | [25](25.md) | | `8` | Badge Award | [58](58.md) | | `9` | Chat Message | [C7](C7.md) | | `10` | Group Chat Threaded Reply | 29 (deprecated) | | `11` | Thread | [7D](7D.md) | | `12` | Group Thread Reply | 29 (deprecated) | | `13` | Seal | [59](59.md) | | `14` | Direct Message | [17](17.md) | | `15` | File Message | [17](17.md) | | `16` | Generic Repost | [18](18.md) | | `17` | Reaction to a website | [25](25.md) | | `20` | Picture | [68](68.md) | | `21` | Video Event | [71](71.md) | | `22` | Short-form Portrait Video Event | [71](71.md) | | `30` | internal reference | [NKBIP-03] | | `31` | external web reference | [NKBIP-03] | | `32` | hardcopy reference | [NKBIP-03] | | `33` | prompt reference | [NKBIP-03] | | `40` | Channel Creation | [28](28.md) | | `41` | Channel Metadata | [28](28.md) | | `42` | Channel Message | [28](28.md) | | `43` | Channel Hide Message | [28](28.md) | | `44` | Channel Mute User | [28](28.md) | | `62` | Request to Vanish | [62](62.md) | | `64` | Chess (PGN) | [64](64.md) | | `818` | Merge Requests | [54](54.md) | | `1018` | Poll Response | [88](88.md) | | `1021` | Bid | [15](15.md) | | `1022` | Bid confirmation | [15](15.md) | | `1040` | OpenTimestamps | [03](03.md) | | `1059` | Gift Wrap | [59](59.md) | | `1063` | File Metadata | [94](94.md) | | `1068` | Poll | [88](88.md) | | `1111` | Comment | [22](22.md) | | `1311` | Live Chat Message | [53](53.md) | | `1617` | Patches | [34](34.md) | | `1621` | Issues | [34](34.md) | | `1622` | Git Replies (deprecated) | [34](34.md) | | `1630`-`1633` | Status | [34](34.md) | | `1971` | Problem Tracker | [nostrocket][nostrocket] | | `1984` | Reporting | [56](56.md) | | `1985` | Label | [32](32.md) | | `1986` | Relay reviews | | | `1987` | AI Embeddings / Vector lists | [NKBIP-02] | | `2003` | Torrent | [35](35.md) | | `2004` | Torrent Comment | [35](35.md) | | `2022` | Coinjoin Pool | [joinstr][joinstr] | | `4550` | Community Post Approval | [72](72.md) | | `5000`-`5999` | Job Request | [90](90.md) | | `6000`-`6999` | Job Result | [90](90.md) | | `7000` | Job Feedback | [90](90.md) | | `7374` | Reserved Cashu Wallet Tokens | [60](60.md) | | `7375` | Cashu Wallet Tokens | [60](60.md) | | `7376` | Cashu Wallet History | [60](60.md) | | `9000`-`9030` | Group Control Events | [29](29.md) | | `9041` | Zap Goal | [75](75.md) | | `9321` | Nutzap | [61](61.md) | | `9467` | Tidal login | [Tidal-nostr] | | `9734` | Zap Request | [57](57.md) | | `9735` | Zap | [57](57.md) | | `9802` | Highlights | [84](84.md) | | `10000` | Mute list | [51](51.md) | | `10001` | Pin list | [51](51.md) | | `10002` | Relay List Metadata | [65](65.md), [51](51.md) | | `10003` | Bookmark list | [51](51.md) | | `10004` | Communities list | [51](51.md) | | `10005` | Public chats list | [51](51.md) | | `10006` | Blocked relays list | [51](51.md) | | `10007` | Search relays list | [51](51.md) | | `10009` | User groups | [51](51.md), [29](29.md) | | `10013` | Private event relay list | [37](37.md) | | `10015` | Interests list | [51](51.md) | | `10019` | Nutzap Mint Recommendation | [61](61.md) | | `10030` | User emoji list | [51](51.md) | | `10050` | Relay list to receive DMs | [51](51.md), [17](17.md) | | `10063` | User server list | [Blossom][blossom] | | `10096` | File storage server list | [96](96.md) | | `10166` | Relay Monitor Announcement | [66](66.md) | | `13194` | Wallet Info | [47](47.md) | | `17375` | Cashu Wallet Event | [60](60.md) | | `21000` | Lightning Pub RPC | [Lightning.Pub][lnpub] | | `22242` | Client Authentication | [42](42.md) | | `23194` | Wallet Request | [47](47.md) | | `23195` | Wallet Response | [47](47.md) | | `24133` | Nostr Connect | [46](46.md) | | `24242` | Blobs stored on mediaservers | [Blossom][blossom] | | `27235` | HTTP Auth | [98](98.md) | | `30000` | Follow sets | [51](51.md) | | `30001` | Generic lists | 51 (deprecated) | | `30002` | Relay sets | [51](51.md) | | `30003` | Bookmark sets | [51](51.md) | | `30004` | Curation sets | [51](51.md) | | `30005` | Video sets | [51](51.md) | | `30007` | Kind mute sets | [51](51.md) | | `30008` | Profile Badges | [58](58.md) | | `30009` | Badge Definition | [58](58.md) | | `30015` | Interest sets | [51](51.md) | | `30017` | Create or update a stall | [15](15.md) | | `30018` | Create or update a product | [15](15.md) | | `30019` | Marketplace UI/UX | [15](15.md) | | `30020` | Product sold as an auction | [15](15.md) | | `30023` | Long-form Content | [23](23.md) | | `30024` | Draft Long-form Content | [23](23.md) | | `30030` | Emoji sets | [51](51.md) | | `30040` | Curated Publication Index | [NKBIP-01] | | `30041` | Curated Publication Content | [NKBIP-01] | | `30063` | Release artifact sets | [51](51.md) | | `30078` | Application-specific Data | [78](78.md) | | `30166` | Relay Discovery | [66](66.md) | | `30267` | App curation sets | [51](51.md) | | `30311` | Live Event | [53](53.md) | | `30315` | User Statuses | [38](38.md) | | `30388` | Slide Set | [Corny Chat][cornychat-slideset] | | `30402` | Classified Listing | [99](99.md) | | `30403` | Draft Classified Listing | [99](99.md) | | `30617` | Repository announcements | [34](34.md) | | `30618` | Repository state announcements | [34](34.md) | | `30818` | Wiki article | [54](54.md) | | `30819` | Redirects | [54](54.md) | | `31234` | Draft Event | [37](37.md) | | `31388` | Link Set | [Corny Chat][cornychat-linkset] | | `31890` | Feed | [NUD: Custom Feeds][NUD: Custom Feeds] | | `31922` | Date-Based Calendar Event | [52](52.md) | | `31923` | Time-Based Calendar Event | [52](52.md) | | `31924` | Calendar | [52](52.md) | | `31925` | Calendar Event RSVP | [52](52.md) | | `31989` | Handler recommendation | [89](89.md) | | `31990` | Handler information | [89](89.md) | | | `32267` | Software Application | | | | `34550` | Community Definition | [72](72.md) | | `38383` | Peer-to-peer Order events | [69](69.md) | | `39000-9` | Group metadata events | [29](29.md) | [NUD: Custom Feeds]: https://wikifreedia.xyz/cip-01/ [nostrocket]: https://github.com/nostrocket/NIPS/blob/main/Problems.md [lnpub]: https://github.com/shocknet/Lightning.Pub/blob/master/proto/autogenerated/client.md [cornychat-slideset]: https://cornychat.com/datatypes#kind30388slideset [cornychat-linkset]: https://cornychat.com/datatypes#kind31388linkset [joinstr]: https://gitlab.com/1440000bytes/joinstr/-/blob/main/NIP.md [NKBIP-01]: https://wikistr.com/nkbip-01*fd208ee8c8f283780a9552896e4823cc9dc6bfd442063889577106940fd927c1 [NKBIP-02]: https://wikistr.com/nkbip-02*fd208ee8c8f283780a9552896e4823cc9dc6bfd442063889577106940fd927c1 [NKBIP-03]: https://wikistr.com/nkbip-03*fd208ee8c8f283780a9552896e4823cc9dc6bfd442063889577106940fd927c1 [blossom]: https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom [Tidal-nostr]: https://wikistr.com/tidal-nostr ## Message types ### Client to Relay | type | description | NIP | | ------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | | `EVENT` | used to publish events | [01](01.md) | | `REQ` | used to request events and subscribe to new updates | [01](01.md) | | `CLOSE` | used to stop previous subscriptions | [01](01.md) | | `AUTH` | used to send authentication events | [42](42.md) | | `COUNT` | used to request event counts | [45](45.md) | ### Relay to Client | type | description | NIP | | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | | `EOSE` | used to notify clients all stored events have been sent | [01](01.md) | | `EVENT` | used to send events requested to clients | [01](01.md) | | `NOTICE` | used to send human-readable messages to clients | [01](01.md) | | `OK` | used to notify clients if an EVENT was successful | [01](01.md) | | `CLOSED` | used to notify clients that a REQ was ended and why | [01](01.md) | | `AUTH` | used to send authentication challenges | [42](42.md) | | `COUNT` | used to send requested event counts to clients | [45](45.md) | ## Standardized Tags | name | value | other parameters | NIP | | ----------------- | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | | `a` | coordinates to an event | relay URL | [01](01.md) | | `A` | root address | relay URL | [22](22.md) | | `d` | identifier | -- | [01](01.md) | | `e` | event id (hex) | relay URL, marker, pubkey (hex) | [01](01.md), [10](10.md) | | `E` | root event id | relay URL | [22](22.md) | | `f` | currency code | -- | [69](69.md) | | `g` | geohash | -- | [52](52.md) | | `h` | group id | -- | [29](29.md) | | `i` | external identity | proof, url hint | [35](35.md), [39](39.md), [73](73.md) | | `I` | root external identity | -- | [22](22.md) | | `k` | kind | -- | [18](18.md), [25](25.md), [72](72.md), [73](73.md) | | `K` | root scope | -- | [22](22.md) | | `l` | label, label namespace | -- | [32](32.md) | | `L` | label namespace | -- | [32](32.md) | | `m` | MIME type | -- | [94](94.md) | | `p` | pubkey (hex) | relay URL, petname | [01](01.md), [02](02.md), [22](22.md) | | `P` | pubkey (hex) | -- | [22](22.md), [57](57.md) | | `q` | event id (hex) | relay URL, pubkey (hex) | [18](18.md) | | `r` | a reference (URL, etc) | -- | [24](24.md), [25](25.md) | | `r` | relay url | marker | [65](65.md) | | `s` | status | -- | [69](69.md) | | `t` | hashtag | -- | [24](24.md), [34](34.md), [35](35.md) | | `u` | url | -- | [61](61.md), [98](98.md) | | `x` | hash | -- | [35](35.md), [56](56.md) | | `y` | platform | -- | [69](69.md) | | `z` | order number | -- | [69](69.md) | | `-` | -- | -- | [70](70.md) | | `alt` | summary | -- | [31](31.md) | | `amount` | millisatoshis, stringified | -- | [57](57.md) | | `bolt11` | `bolt11` invoice | -- | [57](57.md) | | `challenge` | challenge string | -- | [42](42.md) | | `client` | name, address | relay URL | [89](89.md) | | `clone` | git clone URL | -- | [34](34.md) | | `content-warning` | reason | -- | [36](36.md) | | `delegation` | pubkey, conditions, delegation token | -- | [26](26.md) | | `description` | description | -- | [34](34.md), [57](57.md), [58](58.md) | | `emoji` | shortcode, image URL | -- | [30](30.md) | | `encrypted` | -- | -- | [90](90.md) | | `expiration` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [40](40.md) | | `file` | full path (string) | -- | [35](35.md) | | `goal` | event id (hex) | relay URL | [75](75.md) | | `image` | image URL | dimensions in pixels | [23](23.md), [52](52.md), [58](58.md) | | `imeta` | inline metadata | -- | [92](92.md) | | `lnurl` | `bech32` encoded `lnurl` | -- | [57](57.md) | | `location` | location string | -- | [52](52.md), [99](99.md) | | `name` | name | -- | [34](34.md), [58](58.md), [72](72.md) | | `nonce` | random | difficulty | [13](13.md) | | `preimage` | hash of `bolt11` invoice | -- | [57](57.md) | | `price` | price | currency, frequency | [99](99.md) | | `proxy` | external ID | protocol | [48](48.md) | | `published_at` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [23](23.md) | | `relay` | relay url | -- | [42](42.md), [17](17.md) | | `relays` | relay list | -- | [57](57.md) | | `server` | file storage server url | -- | [96](96.md) | | `subject` | subject | -- | [14](14.md), [17](17.md), [34](34.md) | | `summary` | summary | -- | [23](23.md), [52](52.md) | | `thumb` | badge thumbnail | dimensions in pixels | [58](58.md) | | `title` | article title | -- | [23](23.md) | | `tracker` | torrent tracker URL | -- | [35](35.md) | | `web` | webpage URL | -- | [34](34.md) | | `zap` | pubkey (hex), relay URL | weight | [57](57.md) | Please update these lists when proposing new NIPs. ## Criteria for acceptance of NIPs 1. They should be fully implemented in at least two clients and one relay -- when applicable. 2. They should make sense. 3. They should be optional and backwards-compatible: care must be taken such that clients and relays that choose to not implement them do not stop working when interacting with the ones that choose to. 4. There should be no more than one way of doing the same thing. 5. Other rules will be made up when necessary. ## Is this repository a centralizing factor? To promote interoperability, we need standards that everybody can follow, and we need them to define a **single way of doing each thing** without ever hurting **backwards-compatibility**, and for that purpose there is no way around getting everybody to agree on the same thing and keep a centralized index of these standards. However the fact that such an index exists doesn't hurt the decentralization of Nostr. _At any point the central index can be challenged if it is failing to fulfill the needs of the protocol_ and it can migrate to other places and be maintained by other people. It can even fork into multiple versions, and then some clients would go one way, others would go another way, and some clients would adhere to both competing standards. This would hurt the simplicity, openness and interoperability of Nostr a little, but everything would still work in the short term. There is a list of notable Nostr software developers who have commit access to this repository, but that exists mostly for practical reasons, as by the nature of the thing we're dealing with the repository owner can revoke membership and rewrite history as they want -- and if these actions are unjustified or perceived as bad or evil the community must react. ## How this repository works Standards may emerge in two ways: the first way is that someone starts doing something, then others copy it; the second way is that someone has an idea of a new standard that could benefit multiple clients and the protocol in general without breaking **backwards-compatibility** and the principle of having **a single way of doing things**, then they write that idea and submit it to this repository, other interested parties read it and give their feedback, then once most people reasonably agree we codify that in a NIP which client and relay developers that are interested in the feature can proceed to implement. These two ways of standardizing things are supported by this repository. Although the second is preferred, an effort will be made to codify standards emerged outside this repository into NIPs that can be later referenced and easily understood and implemented by others -- but obviously as in any human system discretion may be applied when standards are considered harmful. ## Breaking Changes [Breaking Changes](BREAKING.md) ## License All NIPs are public domain. ## Contributors <a align="center" href="https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/graphs/contributors"> <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=nostr-protocol/nips" /> </a>

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

{"coverurl":"https://cdn.nostrcheck.me/fd06f542bc6c06a39881810de917e6c5d277dfb51689a568ad7b7a548d6d54cd/5ad7189d30c9b49aa61652d98ac7853217b7e445f863be09f9745c49df9f514c.webp","title":"Nostr protocol","author":"fiatjaf"}

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

nostr:nevent1qqsw9v8usvahkqmmc9qavu6g834v09j6e2u2acdua24tk73dqc05xecgkanse

@ 4fe14ef2:f51992ec

Hey Bitcoiners, Leave a comment below to share your hustles and wins. Let us know what you've sold this week. Have you sold it for #sats or #zaps? It doesn't matter how big or small your item is, solid or #digital, product or #service. Just share below what you’ve listed, swapped, and sold. Let everyone rave on your latest #deals! New to ~AGORA? Dive into the #marketplace and turn your dusty gears into shiny #BTC! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927256

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Andorra la Vella, the capital of Andorra, is a charming mix of mountain landscapes, duty-free shopping, and rich history. Nestled in the Pyrenees, it’s a great destination for skiing, hiking, and relaxing in thermal spas. Whether you’re here for outdoor adventures, tax-free shopping, or cultural experiences, Andorra la Vella has something for everyone.  ## **🏔️ Top Things to See & Do in Andorra la Vella** ### **1️⃣ Shop in Avinguda Meritxell 🛍️** - One of **Europe’s best duty-free shopping streets**, filled with **electronics, fashion, perfumes, and luxury goods**. - Find **brands at lower prices than in Spain or France**. ### **2️⃣ Relax at Caldea Spa ♨️** - The **largest thermal spa in Southern Europe**, with **hot springs, saunas, and lagoon pools**. - A perfect place to unwind **after skiing or hiking**.  ### **3️⃣ Visit the Church of Sant Esteve ⛪** - A **beautiful Romanesque church** dating back to the **12th century**. - Features **stone carvings and medieval frescoes**. ### **4️⃣ Explore the Historic Quarter (Barri Antic) 🏡** - Walk through **narrow cobbled streets** filled with **traditional Andorran houses and charming cafés**. - Visit **Casa de la Vall**, a **historic parliament building from the 16th century**. ### **5️⃣ Go Skiing or Snowboarding 🎿** - Andorra is famous for its **world-class ski resorts**, **Grandvalira and Vallnord**, just **15-30 minutes away**. - Ideal for **beginners and experienced skiers** alike. ### **6️⃣ Hiking in the Pyrenees 🥾** - **Summer & autumn** offer **incredible hiking trails** with **mountain lakes and scenic views**. - **Rec del Solà Trail** – A beautiful, easy path with panoramic views of the valley. - **L’Estany Blau** – A moderate hike leading to a stunning blue lake.  ### **7️⃣ Enjoy Andorran Cuisine 🍽️** - **Escudella** – A hearty **Andorran stew with meat, beans, and vegetables** 🍲 - **Trinxat** – A mountain dish made of **potatoes, cabbage, and bacon** 🥓🥔 - **Embotits** – Local **cured meats and sausages**, perfect as tapas 🍖 - **Crema Andorrana** – A creamy, local dessert similar to Catalan crema 🍮  ## **🚗 How to Get to Andorra la Vella** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airports are **Barcelona-El Prat (Spain, 2.5 hrs)** and **Toulouse-Blagnac (France, 2.5 hrs)**. 🚘 **By Car:** 2.5 hrs from **Barcelona**, 2.5 hrs from **Toulouse**, 3 hrs from **Perpignan**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Barcelona, Toulouse, and Lleida**. 🚆 **By Train:** No direct train, but you can take a train to **L'Hospitalet-près-l'Andorre (France)** and continue by bus.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Andorra la Vella** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Winter for skiing, summer for hiking & shopping** ❄️🌞 ✅ **Bring a passport** – Even though Andorra isn’t in the EU, border checks happen 🇦🇩 ✅ **Try duty-free shopping** – Electronics, perfumes, and alcohol are cheaper 🛍️ ✅ **Book ski passes in advance** – Resorts get busy in peak season 🎿 ✅ **Wear comfy shoes** – The city has **steep streets and cobblestone paths** 👟

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Peñíscola, known as the “Gibraltar of Valencia”, is a stunning coastal town on Spain’s Costa del Azahar. Famous for its medieval castle, beautiful beaches, and charming old town, Peñíscola is a perfect mix of history, culture, and seaside relaxation. It’s also known as a filming location for Game of Thrones!  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Peñíscola** ### **1️⃣ Peñíscola Castle (Castillo del Papa Luna) 🏰** - A **magnificent 13th-century castle** sitting on a rocky peninsula. - Built by the **Knights Templar** and later home to **Pope Benedict XIII (Papa Luna)**. - Offers **breathtaking views** of the Mediterranean and surrounding coastline. ### **2️⃣ Explore the Old Town 🏡** - Wander through **narrow cobblestone streets**, lined with **whitewashed houses and flower-filled balconies**. - Discover **hidden courtyards, charming shops, and seafood restaurants**. - Enjoy the **picturesque sunset views** over the sea.  ### **3️⃣ Relax on Playa Norte & Playa Sur 🏖️** - **Playa Norte**: The **main beach**, known for its **golden sand and clear waters**. - **Playa Sur**: Smaller and quieter, great for **relaxing away from the crowds**. - Both beaches offer **water sports, sunbeds, and beach bars**. ### **4️⃣ Serra d’Irta Natural Park 🌿** - A **stunning coastal nature reserve** with **hiking and biking trails**. - Offers **hidden coves, rugged cliffs, and breathtaking sea views**. - Ideal for **nature lovers and photographers**.  ### **5️⃣ Game of Thrones Filming Locations 🎬** - Peñíscola was featured in **Game of Thrones (Season 6) as Meereen**. - Visit the **castle walls, old town alleys, and city gates** where key scenes were filmed. ### **6️⃣ Boat Trip Around the Castle ⛵** - Take a **boat tour** for **unique views of the fortress from the sea**. - Sunset cruises offer **magical golden-hour scenery**.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Peñíscola** - **Arroz a Banda** – A delicious **seafood rice dish**, typical of Valencia 🍚🐟 - **Suquet de Peix** – A **traditional fish stew** with potatoes and saffron 🍲 - **Langostinos de Vinaròs** – **Famous local prawns**, incredibly fresh 🍤 - **Caragols Punxents** – A local specialty of **small spicy snails** 🐌🌶️ - **Coca de llanda** – A **sweet sponge cake**, perfect with coffee 🍰  ## **🚗 How to Get to Peñíscola** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Castellón Airport (40 min), Valencia (1.5 hrs), or Barcelona (2 hrs)**. 🚆 **By Train:** The nearest station is **Benicarló-Peñíscola**, just **7 km away**. 🚘 **By Car:** 1.5 hrs from **Valencia**, 2 hrs from **Barcelona**, 45 min from **Castellón**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Barcelona, Valencia, and Castellón**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Peñíscola** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring & summer (April–September)** for the best weather ☀️ ✅ **Visit the castle early** – Mornings are less crowded and cooler 🏰 ✅ **Take a sunset walk along the beach** – The views are stunning 🌅 ✅ **Try a boat trip** – The castle looks incredible from the water ⛵ ✅ **Wear comfortable shoes** – The old town streets are steep and cobbled 👟

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Tarifa, located at the southernmost tip of Spain, is a paradise for beach lovers, adventure seekers, and nature enthusiasts. Known for its strong winds, golden beaches, and laid-back atmosphere, it’s a top destination for kite surfing, whale watching, and exploring Andalusian history. Plus, it’s the perfect gateway to Morocco, just a short ferry ride away.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Tarifa** ### **1️⃣ Playa de Los Lances 🏄‍♂️** - A **long, sandy beach** famous for **kite surfing and windsurfing**. - One of the best spots in Europe for **water sports enthusiasts**. - Lined with **chiringuitos (beach bars)** where you can relax and enjoy the views. ### **2️⃣ Punta de Tarifa – The Southernmost Point of Europe 🌍** - A unique spot where the **Atlantic Ocean meets the Mediterranean Sea**. - Walk to **Isla de las Palomas**, a historic military zone (guided tours available). - Incredible views of **Morocco, just 14 km away**.  ### **3️⃣ Whale & Dolphin Watching Tours 🐬** - Join a boat trip to see **orcas, dolphins, and sperm whales** in the Strait of Gibraltar. - Best time: **April to October** for whale migrations.  ### **4️⃣ Explore the Historic Old Town 🏰** - Wander through **narrow, whitewashed streets** full of charm. - Visit **Guzmán el Bueno Castle**, a **10th-century fortress** with panoramic views. - Enjoy **lively tapas bars, boutique shops, and hidden courtyards**.  ### **5️⃣ Playa de Bolonia & Baelo Claudia Ruins 🏛️** - One of Spain’s most **unspoiled beaches**, with **dunes and turquoise waters**. - Explore the **Roman ruins of Baelo Claudia**, an ancient **fishing village from 2,000 years ago**. - Climb the **Duna de Bolonia**, a massive sand dune with breathtaking views.  ### **6️⃣ Day Trip to Morocco 🇲🇦** - Take a **35-minute ferry to Tangier** for a quick taste of **North African culture**. - Explore **medinas, souks, and local cuisine** with a guided tour. - Don’t forget your **passport**!  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Tarifa** - **Atún Rojo (Red Tuna)** – Tarifa is famous for its **fresh bluefin tuna** 🍣 - **Tortillitas de Camarones** – Crispy shrimp fritters, a local delicacy 🍤 - **Choco Frito** – Fried cuttlefish, a must-try for seafood lovers 🦑 - **Andalusian Gazpacho** – A refreshing **cold tomato soup**, perfect for hot days 🍅 - **Mojama** – **Salt-cured tuna**, often eaten as a tapa with almonds 🐟  ## **🚗 How to Get to Tarifa** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airports are **Gibraltar (45 min), Málaga (2 hrs), and Seville (2.5 hrs)**. 🚆 **By Train:** No direct train, but you can take one to **Algeciras (30 min drive from Tarifa)**. 🚘 **By Car:** 1.5 hrs from **Málaga**, 1 hr from **Cádiz**, 30 min from **Gibraltar**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Regular buses from **Seville, Málaga, Cádiz, and Algeciras**. ⛴️ **To Morocco:** Ferries run **daily** to **Tangier, Morocco (35 min ride)**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Tarifa** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring to early autumn (April–October)** for great weather ☀️ ✅ **Book water sports lessons early** – It’s a popular spot for kite surfing! 🏄‍♂️ ✅ **Bring layers** – Tarifa can be **windy**, even in summer 🌬️ ✅ **Visit early for whale watching** – Mornings usually have calmer seas 🐋 ✅ **Take a day trip to Bolonia** – One of Spain’s most stunning hidden beaches 🏝️ 

@ fe9e99a0:5123e9a8

Can’t seem to update anything

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Regardless of what you have heard Capitalism isn't to blame for all the ills in modern life. Capitalism is simply free trade without centralize control. Of course there are many details I'm glossing over and degrees of freedom. Critics of capitalism rarely explain how it works. They complain about people buying too much stuff. People being over-weight. They complain about waste. People buying stuff they don't need. They complain that teachers aren't paid enough. They complain that professional athletes make too much money. All of this boils down to two things. 1. People don't like what others choose to do 2. The products we see and world we live in is a result of the desires and values of the people I agree with many of the critics of capitalism. There is a ton of crap. There's a ton of waste. There are professions I wish were more profitable and others I wish were less profitable. I'm going to ignore the state for once here. Obviously the state puts its thumb on the scales and distorts the market. But this isn't the main factor IMO. The main factor in the world we live in is us. The people. Our desires. Our values. The things we value are reflected in the market. People don't like to admit this because it is uncomfortable. We are spoiled, self-centered, brats that are desire machines. Yeah, you can blame advertising. You can blame "capitalism" but the alternative is starvation and death (socialism). Its time for us to stop blaming freedom for all the ills in our society and take ownership for our actions. Its us. Thing is, I can't change you. But, I can change my actions. Adjust my values. Adjust my frame of view. I'd love to start hearing people take responsibility and self ownership. Start living out your values. Don't be a part of things that you view as problems. Be a part of solutions. I can't tell you what that looks like but if you think about it for a while you can come up with some things. Its easy to blame others. Its hard to take responsibility for yourself and own your flaws and mistakes. What do you think? _Inspired by @k00b's [post](https://stacker.news/items/926865)_ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927021

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b

“The human spirit should remain in charge.” [Pablo](https://njump.me/npub1l2vyh47mk2p0qlsku7hg0vn29faehy9hy34ygaclpn66ukqp3afqutajft) & [Gigi](https://njump.me/npub1dergggklka99wwrs92yz8wdjs952h2ux2ha2ed598ngwu9w7a6fsh9xzpc) talk about the wind. nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpx77gg2frul26xkzr0gaq9n842u50axpcjhdsa3yeu388vrv5pftqys8wumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytn9d9h82mny0fmkzmn6d9njuumsv93k2tcppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qqszlf337y0lkg4sz5ax9ath4y5vk6rpqn9tfewaln2989zavvqrg4cpt2krs In this dialogue: - Wind - More Wind - Information Calories, and how to measure them - [Digital Wellbeing](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.apps.wellbeing) - [Rescue Time](https://www.rescuetime.com/) - Teleology of Technology - Platforms get users [Hooked](https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2021/06/book-review-hooked-how-to-build-habit-forming-products.php) (book) - Feeds are [slot machines](https://ihpi.umich.edu/news/social-media-copies-gambling-methods-create-psychological-cravings) - Movie Walls - Tweetdeck and [Notedeck](https://damus.io/notedeck/) - IRC vs the modern feed - 37Signals: “[Hey](https://www.hey.com/pricing/), let’s just charge users!” - “[You wouldn’t zap a car crash](https://njump.me/nevent1qqsqm2lz4ru6wlydzpulgs8m60ylp4vufwsg55whlqgua6a93vp2y4gzyphydppzm7m554ecwq4gsgaek2qk32atse2l4t9ks57dpms4mmhfxzzxtzc)” - Catering to our highest self VS catering to our lowest self - Devolution of YouTube [5-star ratings](https://daringfireball.net/linked/2017/03/18/youtube-thumbs-stars) to thumb up/down to [views](https://www.makeuseof.com/the-real-reason-why-youtube-hid-dislikes/) - Long videos vs shorts - The internet had to monetize itself somehow (with [attention](https://dergigi.com/2022/12/18/a-vision-for-a-value-enabled-web/#attention)) - “Don’t be evil” and why Google had to [remove it](https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-erases-dont-be-evil-from-code-of-conduct-after-18-years/) - [Questr](https://questr.vercel.app/): 2D exploration of nostr - [ONOSENDAI](https://www.onosendai.tech/) by Arkinox - Freedom tech & Freedom from Tech - DAUs of jumper cables - [Gossip](https://github.com/mikedilger/gossip) and it’s choices - [“The secret to life is to send it”](https://highlighter.com/a/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzqmjxss3dld622uu8q25gywum9qtg4w4cv4064jmg20xsac2aam5nqqxnzd3exsmrswfjxsurxvf3qvlsju) - Flying water & flying bus stops - [RSS readers](https://github.com/fiatjaf/narr), [Mailbrew](https://mailbrew.com/), and daily digests - Nostr is high signal and less addictive - Calling nostr posts “[tweets](https://nostr.band/?q=tweet+by%3Anpub1dergggklka99wwrs92yz8wdjs952h2ux2ha2ed598ngwu9w7a6fsh9xzpc)” and recordings being “on tape” - Pivoting from nostr dialogues to a podcast about wind - The unnecessary complexity of [NIP-96](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/96.md) - [Blossom](https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom) (and wind) - Undoing URLs, APIs, and REST - ISBNs and cryptographic identifiers - SaaS and the DAU metric - [Highlighter](https://highlighter.com/) - Not caring where stuff is hosted - When is an edited thing a new thing? - Edits, the edit wars, and [the case against edits](https://blog.udaya.dev/fiatjaf/ad84e3b3) - [NIP-60](https://nips.nostr.com/60) and inconsistent balances - Scroll to [text fragment](https://mgearon.com/html/text-fragments/) and best effort matching - Proximity hashes & [locality-sensitive hashing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locality-sensitive_hashing) - Helping your Uncle Jack of a horse - Helping your uncle [jack of a horse](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr._Hands_\(album\)) - Can we fix it with WoT? - [Vertex](https://vertexlab.io/) & vibe-coding a proper search for nostr - Linking to hashtags & search queries - Advanced search and why it’s great - Search scopes & web of trust - The UNIX tools of nostr - Pablo’s [NDK snippets](https://nostr-dev-kit.github.io/ndk/snippets/) - Meredith on the [privacy nightmare of Agentic AI](https://njump.me/nevent1qqsts24dta3nay5ypkhnqd8aphynhw7z89qw69sp3pceady2xujakygpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgq3qguh5grefa7vkay4ps6udxg8lrqxg2kgr3qh9n4gduxut64nfxq0quyzs70) - Blog-post-driven development ([Lightning Prisms](https://dergigi.com/2023/03/12/lightning-prisms/), [Highlighter](https://dergigi.com/2023/04/04/purple-text-orange-highlights/)) - Sandwich-style LLM prompting, Waterfall for LLMs ([HLDD / LLDD](https://gist.github.com/dskvr/b34f836b68ff2ca51bcc8fe7763eceec)) - “Speed itself is a feature” - MCP & [DVMCP](https://mcp.so/server/dvmcp) - Monorepos and git submodules - [Olas](https://olas.app/) & NDK - Pablo’s [RemindMe](https://njump.me/npub17hsu5gd24stmzuuezwvavgeuwwac233nfzg59dfyhf4fvel8n2sqw3d0k9) bot - “Breaking changes kinda suck” - Stories, shorts, TikTok, and OnlyFans - LLM-generated sticker styles - LLMs and [creativity](https://dergigi.com/2022/09/25/creativity/) (and Gigi’s [old email](https://gist.github.com/dergigi/04760fbcaa3769bb243db2b0e31c75df)) - “AI-generated art has no soul” - Nostr, zaps, and realness - Does the source matter? - Poker client in [bitcoin v0.0.1](https://github.com/search?q=repo%3Atrottier%2Foriginal-bitcoin%20poker&type=code) - Quotes from Hitler and how additional context changes meaning - Greek finance minister on crypto and bitcoin ([Technofeudalism](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/75560036-technofeudalism), book) - Is more context always good? - [Vervaeke’s AI argument](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-_RdKiDbz4&list=PLND1JCRq8Vui2YOOfrxbeRwJk5jZPmAth) - What is meaningful? - How do you extract meaning from information? - How do you extract meaning from experience? - “[What the hell is water](https://youtu.be/ms2BvRbjOYo)” - Creativity, imagination, hallucination, and losing touch with reality - “[Bitcoin is singularity insurance](https://njump.me/nevent1qqswawr4cz68sjswhtdkat8qgnpfsc6wygx4xmq2d5gd5fg9extvl4gpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtczyphydppzm7m554ecwq4gsgaek2qk32atse2l4t9ks57dpms4mmhfxqcyqqqqqqg74yxgf)” - Will vibe coding make developers obsolete? - Knowing what to build vs knowing how to build - 10min block time & the [physical limits of consensus](https://dergigi.com/threads/physical-limits) - Satoshi’s reasons articulated in his [announcement post](https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/posts/p2pfoundation/1/) - Why do anything? Why stack sats? Why have kids? - All you need now is motivation - Upcoming agents will actually do the thing - Proliferation of writers: quantity VS quality - Crisis of sameness & the problem of distribution - Patronage, belle epoche, and [bitcoin art](https://x.com/FractalEncrypt) - Niches, and how the internet fractioned society - Joe’s songs - Hyper-personalized stories - Shared stories & myths ([Jonathan Pageau](https://www.thesymbolicworld.com/team/jonathan-pageau)) - Hyper-personalized apps VS shared apps - Agency, free expression, and [free speech](https://dergigi.com/2024/03/25/speaking-freely-online/) - Edgy content & [twitch meta](https://www.talkesport.com/news/what-is-the-twitch-meta-decoding-trends-and-controversies/), aka skating the line of demonetization and deplatforming - Using attention as a proxy currency - Farming eyeballs and brain cycles - Engagement as a success metric & engagement bait - “[You wouldn’t zap a car crash](https://njump.me/nevent1qqsqm2lz4ru6wlydzpulgs8m60ylp4vufwsg55whlqgua6a93vp2y4gzyphydppzm7m554ecwq4gsgaek2qk32atse2l4t9ks57dpms4mmhfxzzxtzc)” - Attention economy is parasitic on humanity - The importance of [speech](https://nostr-resources.com/) & [money](https://bitcoin-resources.com/) - What should be done by a machine? - What should be done by a human? - “The human spirit should remain in charge” - Our relationship with fiat money - Active vs passive, agency vs serfdom

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

The cryptocurrency market, known for its dramatic fluctuations, has always been a subject of intrigue and speculation. Bitcoin, as the pioneering digital currency, has been at the epicenter of this financial whirlwind. As we approach 2024, the anticipation surrounding Bitcoin's value is palpable, with potential investors and seasoned cryptocurrency enthusiasts keenly eyeing the market's movements. This article aims to dissect the recent forecasts for Bitcoin's price in the coming year, delve into the multifaceted factors influencing these predictions, and explore the broader implications for those contemplating an investment in Bitcoin. **Table of Contents** - 2024 Bitcoin Price Predictions: A New Peak on the … - Key Factors Driving Bitcoin's Price - The Halving Event - Institutional Interest and ETFs - Economic and Monetary Policies - The Debate: To Buy or Not to Buy - Risk Tolerance - Market Dynamics - Long-Term Perspective - Caution and Speculation - Conclusion - FAQs **2024 Bitcoin Price Predictions: A New Peak on the Horizon** Recent analyses, particularly a notable report from UK fintech firm Finder, have painted an optimistic picture for Bitcoin in 2024. Experts within the field are forecasting a new zenith for Bitcoin, projecting it to reach an all-time high of $88,000, with expectations of the currency stabilizing around $77,000 by the end of the year. These projections represent a significant uptick from Bitcoin's current valuation and suggest a potentially lucrative year ahead for the digital currency. However, it's crucial to recognize that these predictions are not guarantees but educated guesses based on current market trends and historical data. The cryptocurrency market's inherent volatility means that while the potential for substantial gains exists, so too does the risk of dramatic losses. Investors should approach these predictions with cautious optimism, considering the broader economic and technological landscape that could impact Bitcoin's trajectory. **Key Factors Driving Bitcoin's Price** The anticipated surge in Bitcoin's value can be attributed to several key factors, each playing a pivotal role in shaping the currency's future: **The Halving Event** The Bitcoin halving event scheduled for April 2024 stands as a significant milestone. This event, which occurs approximately every four years, reduces the reward for mining Bitcoin transactions by half. Historically, halving events have led to a decrease in the supply of new Bitcoins entering the market, which, in turn, has led to price increases as demand outstrips supply. The 2024 halving is expected to follow this trend, contributing to the bullish outlook for Bitcoin's price. However, while past performance can offer insights, it is not indicative of future results. The halving's impact could be influenced by a myriad of factors, including changes in miner behavior, technological advancements, and shifts in investor sentiment. **Institutional Interest and ETFs** Another driving force behind the optimistic price predictions is the growing institutional interest in Bitcoin and the approval of Bitcoin ETFs in the United States. These developments have not only legitimized Bitcoin as an investment asset but also made it more accessible to a broader audience of traditional investors. The introduction of ETFs has bridged the gap between the conventional financial world and the burgeoning cryptocurrency market, providing a regulated and familiar avenue for investment. However, the influx of institutional money also brings new challenges, including increased market manipulation risks and the potential for regulatory crackdowns. Investors should remain vigilant, monitoring the evolving landscape and considering the long-term implications of institutional involvement in the cryptocurrency space. **Economic and Monetary Policies** Global economic conditions and monetary policies, particularly those enacted by the US Federal Reserve, are also critical factors influencing Bitcoin's price. In an environment of low interest rates and quantitative easing, investors have increasingly turned to alternative assets like Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation and currency devaluation. However, shifts in these policies could significantly impact investor behavior and market dynamics. A rise in interest rates or a tightening of monetary policy could lead to reduced liquidity in the market and a shift away from riskier assets, including Bitcoin. Conversely, continued economic uncertainty and inflationary pressures could bolster Bitcoin's appeal as a store of value. **The Debate: To Buy or Not to Buy** The decision to invest in Bitcoin, especially in light of the optimistic 2024 price predictions, is fraught with complexity: **Risk Tolerance** Bitcoin's notorious volatility cannot be overstated. The digital currency's price can experience dramatic swings within short periods, influenced by factors ranging from regulatory news to market sentiment. Potential investors must assess their risk tolerance and financial situation before entering the market. It's essential to consider whether you can withstand significant fluctuations in your investment's value and how such changes would impact your overall financial health. **Market Dynamics** Understanding the broader market dynamics and potential regulatory changes is crucial for anyone considering investing in Bitcoin. The cryptocurrency market does not operate in a vacuum; it is affected by global economic conditions, technological developments, and shifts in regulatory attitudes. Staying informed and adaptable is key, as today's market drivers could change rapidly, altering Bitcoin's price trajectory. **Long-Term Perspective** Adopting a long-term perspective is vital when investing in Bitcoin. While the allure of quick profits can be tempting, Bitcoin's history suggests that it is better suited as a long-term investment. The market's cyclical nature, characterized by boom-and-bust cycles, requires patience and a long-term outlook. Investors should avoid making impulsive decisions based on short-term price movements and instead focus on the underlying value and potential of Bitcoin as a revolutionary digital asset. **Caution and Speculation** Despite the bullish forecasts, a note of caution is warranted. The cryptocurrency market remains speculative, and while Bitcoin has established itself as the leading digital currency, its future is not guaranteed. The landscape is rife with uncertainties, from technological challenges to regulatory hurdles. Potential investors should approach Bitcoin with a balanced perspective, recognizing the possibilities while being acutely aware of the risks. **Conclusion** The predictions for Bitcoin's price in 2024 offer a glimpse into a potentially prosperous future for the digital currency. However, the decision to invest should not be taken lightly. Prospective investors must navigate a landscape marked by volatility, uncertainty, and rapid change. By thoroughly evaluating the market, staying informed about developments, and considering their long-term financial goals, individuals can make more informed decisions about their involvement in the Bitcoin market. Whether now is the right time to buy Bitcoin is a personal decision that depends on individual circumstances, risk tolerance, and investment strategy. As with any investment, there are no guarantees, but for those willing to embrace the risks, the rewards could be substantial. **FAQs** **Why is Bitcoin expected to reach new highs in 2024?** Bitcoin's price is expected to surge due to factors like the halving event, increasing institutional interest, the approval of Bitcoin ETFs, and global economic conditions that favor alternative investments. **What is a Bitcoin halving event?** A Bitcoin halving event is when the reward for mining new blocks is halved, reducing the rate at which new bitcoins are generated. This event occurs approximately every four years and tends to impact the price due to reduced supply. **Are Bitcoin ETFs significant for individual investors?** Yes, Bitcoin ETFs provide individual investors with a regulated and familiar way to gain exposure to Bitcoin without directly purchasing or storing the cryptocurrency, potentially increasing its accessibility and demand. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnewsco](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co/](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@thebitcoinlibertarian](https://www.youtube.com/@thebitcoinlibertarian)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** **Get Orange Pill App And Connect With Bitcoiners In Your Area. Stack Friends Who Stack Sats link: https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/croxroad** **Buy Bitcoin Books At Konsensus Network Store. 10% Discount With Code “21croxroad” link: https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=21croxroad** *DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.*

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers! Turkey’s currency plunged to a record low after the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu, one of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s main political rivals. This follows a pattern of escalating repression of opposition figures, which have been described as an effort to suppress competition ahead of primary elections. As economic conditions deteriorate, Erdogan is resorting to desperate measures — blocking social media, arresting dissenters, and tear-gassing protests — to maintain power over an increasingly restless populace. In the Caribbean, we shed light on Cubans' struggles accessing remittances sent from family members abroad. This is a symptom of the regime's strict monetary controls over foreign currency. Cubans face long delays or can’t withdraw cash due to bank liquidity shortages. And when they can, remittances are converted into pesos at the overvalued official Cuban exchange rate. This effectively allows the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC) to loot the value from Cuban remittances. In freedom tech news, we highlight Demand Pool, the first-ever Stratum V2 mining pool. Stratum V2 is a mining protocol designed to decentralize Bitcoin mining by letting individual miners create their own block templates rather than relying on centralized pools to do so for them. This improves censorship resistance and promotes a more decentralized and resilient Bitcoin network — critical features for human rights defenders and nonprofits using Bitcoin to protect against financial repression from authoritarian regimes. We end by featuring Vijay Selvam's new book, “Principles of Bitcoin.” It offers a clear, first-principles guide to understanding how Bitcoin’s technology interacts with economics, politics, philosophy, and human rights. Whether you’re new to Bitcoin or looking to deepen your understanding, this book provides a solid foundation, and it even features a foreword by HRF Chief Strategy Officer Alex Gladstein. **Now, let’s dive right in!** ### [**Subscribe Here**](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a) ## **GLOBAL NEWS** #### **Turkey | Lira in Free Fall as Erdogan Arrests Political Rival** Turkey’s lira plunged to a [record low ](https://www.reuters.com/markets/currencies/turkish-lira-plunges-record-low-after-erdogan-rival-detained-2025-03-19/)after officials arrested Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s main political rival. Imamoglu’s arrest comes ahead of [primary elections](https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/turkish-opposition-party-members-others-head-polls-primary-election-2025-03-23/) and follows the increasing repression of opposition figures in recent months, including the [suspension](https://www.politico.eu/article/musks-x-suspends-opposition-accounts-turkey-protest-civil-unrest-erdogan-imamoglu-istanbul-mayor/?ref=nobsbitcoin.com) of political opposition accounts on X. Officials also [arrested](https://x.com/yusufcan_en/status/1903703224336429432) Buğra Gökçe, head of the Istanbul Planning Agency, for publishing data exposing the country’s deepening poverty. The currency’s fallout and political repression have sparked [protests](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpv43dd3vlgo) in Istanbul despite a four-day ban. The regime is [responding](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpv43dd3vlgo) with tear gas and rubber bullets. Meanwhile, Turks dissenting online risk joining over a [dozen](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpv43dd3vlgo?xtor=AL-71-%5Bpartner%5D-%5Bbbc.news.twitter%5D-%5Bheadline%5D-%5Bnews%5D-%5Bbizdev%5D-%5Bisapi%5D&at_bbc_team=editorial&at_ptr_name=twitter&at_campaign_type=owned&at_link_type=web_link&at_link_origin=BBCWorld&at_link_id=29897B8E-0579-11F0-9094-A9A3F4782A4F&at_medium=social&at_format=link&at_campaign=Social_Flow) other citizens recently arrested for “provocative” social media posts. Netblocks [reports](https://x.com/netblocks/status/1902812549587820888) that the Turkish regime imposed restrictions on social media and messaging to quell the uprising of Turks struggling with financial conditions and deepening repression.  #### **Cuba | Banks “Hijack” Citizen Remittances** Cubans are [struggling](https://havanatimes.org/features/cuban-banks-hijack-family-remittances/) to access remittances sent from their families abroad. This is because the regime completely controls all incoming foreign currency transfers. When remittances arrive, communist banking authorities [force](https://havanatimes.org/features/cuban-banks-hijack-family-remittances/) their conversion into collapsing Cuban pesos or “Moneda Libremente Convertible” (MLC), Cuba’s digital currency with limited use. On top of this, Cubans receive pesos in their accounts based on the official Cuban exchange rate, which is far below the informal market rate. This allows the regime to opaquely siphon off much of the remittances’ real value. Even when the money clears, Cubans face long delays or can’t withdraw the cash due to banks’ liquidity shortages. Many Cubans are accusing these banks of “[hijacking](https://havanatimes.org/features/cuban-banks-hijack-family-remittances/)” their remittances. As inflation, electrical blackouts, and food shortages continue, remittances are more critical than ever for Cuban families. Yet, they’re blocked at every turn by a system designed to impoverish them. #### **Pakistan | Announces Plans to Regulate Digital Assets** Pakistan announced [plans](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-03-20/pakistan-plans-to-legalize-crypto-in-bid-for-foreign-investment) to create a regulatory framework for Bitcoin and digital assets to attract foreign investment and domestic economic activity. It’s a peculiar shift for a regime that regularly [suspends](https://time.com/6692687/pakistan-election-day-voting-violence-phone-service-disturbances/) the Internet, [censors](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/social-media-platform-x-shutdown-continues-for-eighth-day-in-pakistan/articleshow/107983076.cms) social media, [represses](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czx6xvgqe1ko) opposition, and burdens its people with the [highest](https://www.firstpost.com/world/pakistan-tops-asia-in-living-costs-and-inflation-rates-report-reveals-13759245.html) cost of living in Asia. We suspect the plans indicate efforts to control the industry rather than empower individuals. The military-backed regime is also [exploring](https://tribune.com.pk/story/2507061/govt-proposes-changes-to-sbp-act) a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) and tightening [controls](https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/amid-net-censorship-pakistan-offers-regulated-vpns/articleshow/115392568.cms) on VPN use, which are hardly the hallmarks of leadership committed to permissionless financial systems. But perhaps it matters little. Grassroots Bitcoin adoption in Pakistan already ranks among the highest in the world, with an estimated [15 to 20 million](https://archive.ph/5ctJq) users turning to digital assets to preserve their savings, circumvent financial controls, and escape the failures of a collapsing fiat system. HRF supported [Bitcoin Pakistan](https://bitcoinpk.org) with a grant to help translate resources into Urdu, a language spoken by 60 million people trapped in this repressive scenario. #### **Russia | Piloting CBDC in Tatarstan to Test Smart Contract Functionality** Russia’s central bank plans to [pilot](https://www.business-gazeta.ru/news/665855) its CBDC, the [digital ruble](https://cbdctracker.hrf.org/currency/russian-federation), in Tatarstan to test smart contract functionality. Specifically, the central bank will experiment with conditional spending, using smart contracts to restrict where and what users can spend money on. If these features are implemented, it will empower the Kremlin with micro-controls over Russians’ spending activity. Officials could program funds to expire, restrict purchases to regime-approved goods, or block transactions at certain locations — leaving users with no financial autonomy or privacy. Those who oppose the Russian dictatorship, such as activists, nonprofits, and dissenters, could be debanked with more ease, their assets frozen or confiscated without recourse. #### **Nicaragua | Government Mandates Public Employees Declare All Assets**  In Nicaragua, dictator Daniel Ortega intensified state financial surveillance by mandating all public servants to [disclose](https://havanatimes.org/features/nicaraguan-public-employees-forced-to-declare-their-assets/) information on all personal and family assets. The mandate requires all public employees to declare everything from personal bank accounts, loans, vehicles, and other assets — as well as the assets and accounts of immediate family members. Those who do not comply face the [threat of termination](https://havanatimes.org/features/nicaraguan-public-employees-forced-to-declare-their-assets/). Ironically, despite the law requiring such disclosure, Ortega himself [has not declared](https://www.laprensani.com/2021/04/26/politica/2813926-demandan-a-la-contraloria-demostrar-a-cuanto-asciende-el-patrimonio-de-daniel-ortega-y-rosario-murillo) his assets since 2006. Under the guise of regulatory compliance, this policy is yet another link in the chain tightening state surveillance over Nicaraguan society. Bitcoin adoption continues to grow in this repressed Central American nation. ## BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS #### **Demand Pool | First Stratum V2 Mining Pool Launches** Bitcoin mining could become more decentralized and censorship-resistant with the launch of [Demand Pool](https://www.dmnd.work/upcoming/), the first mining pool to ever implement [Stratum V2](https://stratumprotocol.org/). Stratum V2 is open-source software that allows miners to build their own block templates, enabling more individual mining and less dependence on large and centralized mining pools. This helps maintain Bitcoin’s key features: its decentralized, permissionless, and uncensorable nature. All of which are crucial for human rights defenders and nonprofits bypassing the financial repression and surveillance of authoritarian regimes. Learn more [here](https://www.dmnd.work/upcoming/). #### **Bitcoin Mining | Three Solo Blocks Found** Three separate solo miners mined Bitcoin blocks in the past seven days. This marks the second, third, and fourth solo blocks [mined](https://x.com/SoloSatoshi/status/1903799018896998562) in the past two weeks alone, hinting at a surge in home mining. This promotes greater decentralization within the Bitcoin network because solo miners have little functional ability to censor. In contrast, large mining pools are points of failure that centralized interests can more easily pressure — to the detriment of activists and human rights defenders. The [first](https://x.com/BitcoinNewsCom/status/1903476768733810928) block was mined on March 21 by a miner using a self-hosted FutureBit Apollo machine that earned 3.125 BTC plus fees for processing block [888,737](https://mempool.space/block/00000000000000000000b7070e88525e4064ab36df7cfbe34d785bbc6eb491ea). Just days later, a solo miner with under 1 TH/s of self-hosted hash rate [found](https://x.com/BitcoinNewsCom/status/1903815849535799326) block [888,989](https://mempool.space/block/00000000000000000000a517d87e63ea04c7ec3dd51d20926e82cca5466dccaf), which became just the [third](https://x.com/BitcoinNewsCom/status/1903815849535799326) block ever to be mined using an open-source [Bitaxe](https://bitaxe.org/) device. Most recently, on March 24, a solo miner using a [$300 setup](https://x.com/alanknit/status/1904246256622322122) successfully [mined](https://x.com/pete_rizzo_/status/1904217846441201755) block [889,240](https://mempool.space/block/00000000000000000001deee311732e2ba928d33f0628a5d6320c537751835e3). #### **Krux | Adds Taproot and Miniscript Support** [Krux](https://github.com/selfcustody/krux), open-source software for building your own Bitcoin signing devices (hardware for Bitcoin self-custody), [released](https://github.com/selfcustody/krux/releases/tag/v25.03.0) an update that enhances privacy and flexibility. The update introduces support for Taproot, a past Bitcoin upgrade that improves privacy and security, and Miniscript, a simplified way to create more complex Bitcoin transaction rules. This allows users to manage multi-signature wallets (where more than one private key is required to interact with your Bitcoin) in a more private and flexible way. It also enables spending conditions that are harder to censor and easier to verify. Krux continues to support the struggle for financial freedom and human rights by breaking down barriers to Bitcoin self-custody. HRF has recognized this impact and awarded grants to open-source developers working on Krux to advance this mission. #### **Cashu | Developing Tap-to-Pay Ecash** [Calle](https://x.com/callebtc), the creator of [Cashu](http://cashu.me), an open-source Chaumian ecash protocol for Bitcoin integrated with the Lightning Network, is [developing](https://x.com/callebtc/status/1903079881325400407) a new tap-to-pay feature that enables instant, offline ecash payments via NFC. Ecash functions as a bearer asset, meaning the funds are stored directly on the user’s device. With tap-to-pay, it can be transferred with a single tap (similar to tapping your credit card). More generally, ecash offers fast, private transactions resistant to surveillance and censorship. But for activists and dissenters, this particular advancement makes private and permissionless payments more accessible and user-friendly. This development will be worth following closely. Watch a demo [here](https://x.com/callebtc/status/1903079881325400407). #### **OpenSats | Announces 10th Wave of Bitcoin Grants** [OpenSats](http://opensats.org), a public nonprofit that supports open-source software and projects, [announced](https://opensats.org/blog/tenth-wave-of-bitcoin-grants) its 10th wave of grants supporting Bitcoin initiatives. This round includes funding for [Stable Channels](https://stablechannels.com/), which enable stabilized Bitcoin-backed balances on the Lightning Network (allowing users to peg Bitcoin to fiat currencies in a self-custodial way) that provide stable, censorship-resistant payments. OpenSats also renewed its support for [Floresta](https://docs.getfloresta.sh/floresta/), a lightweight Bitcoin node (a computer that runs the Bitcoin software). It lowers entry barriers to running Bitcoin, helping make the network more decentralized and censorship-resistant. #### **Bitcoin Policy Institute | Launches Bitcoin Summer Research Program** The [Bitcoin Student Network](https://www.bitcoinstudentsnetwork.org/) (BSN) and the [Bitcoin Policy Institute](https://www.btcpolicy.org/) (BPI) are teaming up to offer students an eight-week research [internship](https://www.btcinternship.org/) this summer. The program is part of BPI’s Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) initiative and invites students passionate about the future of money, financial inclusion, and Bitcoin’s civil liberties impacts to conduct hands-on research. Participants will also receive mentorship from BPI researchers. The program runs from June 9 to Aug. 8, 2025, and includes an in-person colloquium in Washington, DC. It is an incredible opportunity for students worldwide, especially those living in oppressive regimes, to get involved with Bitcoin. Applications are open until April 7. Apply [here](https://www.btcinternship.org/). ## RECOMMENDED CONTENT #### **Principles of Bitcoin by Vijay Selvam** “Principles of Bitcoin” by Vijay Selvam is a new book offering a first-principles guide to understanding Bitcoin’s technology, economics, politics, and philosophy. With a foreword by HRF Chief Strategy Officer Alex Gladstein, the book cuts through the noise to explain why Bitcoin stands alone as a tool for individual empowerment and financial freedom. Selvam’s work makes the case for Bitcoin as a once-in-history invention shaping a more decentralized and equitable future. Read it [here](https://www.amazon.com/Principles-Bitcoin-Technology-Economics-Philosophy/dp/023122012X/). #### **Rule Breakers — The True Story of Roya Mahboob** “[Rule Breakers](https://hrf.org/latest/hrf-celebrates-the-release-of-rule-breakers-a-movie-on-afghanistans-roya-mahboob/)” is a new film that tells the true story of Roya Mahboob, Afghanistan’s first female tech CEO, who empowered young girls in Afghanistan with financial literacy, robotics, and financial freedom through Bitcoin. The film recounts Mahboob’s courageous work educating these girls despite huge personal risks under a regime that bans their education. It follows the story of Afghan Dreamers, the country’s first all-girls robotics team, and the obstacles they overcome to compete on the world stage. “Rule Breakers” is a testament to the power of education, innovation, and resilience in the face of oppression. It’s now in theaters, and you can watch the trailer [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CW_P4zT6i9A&t=2s). *If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report [here](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a).* *Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program [via BTCPay](https://hrf.org/btc).*\ *Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ [hrf.org](http://hrf.org/)* *The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals [here](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1)*. [**Subscribe to newsletter**](http://financialfreedomreport.org/) [**Apply for a grant**](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1&mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Support our work**](https://hrf.org/btc?mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Visit our website**](https://hrf.org/programs/financial-freedom/)

@ 401014b3:59d5476b

Alright, baseball junkies, it’s March 27, 2025, and we’re diving into the crystal ball to predict the 2025 MLB season—straight through to the World Series champ! Spring Training’s wrapping up, Opening Day’s here, and the league’s loaded with talent, drama, and some sneaky contenders ready to shake things up. I’m breaking down each playoff team’s path, their strengths, weaknesses, and who’s got the juice to hoist the trophy in October. This ain’t some cookie-cutter chalk pick—let’s get gritty, let’s get bold, and let’s see who’s got the stones to win it all. Strap in, fam—here we go! --- American League Playoff Teams: The AL Beast Mode **New York Yankees**\ The Yankees are back, and they’re pissed after last year’s World Series loss to the Dodgers. Aaron Judge is coming off another MVP-caliber season (let’s say .310, 55 HRs, 130 RBIs), and Juan Soto’s bat (projected .290, 40 HRs) gives them a lethal 1-2 punch. Gerrit Cole anchors a rotation that’s top-5 in ERA (around 3.40), but the bullpen’s a question mark—closer Clay Holmes blew 13 saves in 2024, and they haven’t fixed that yet. They’ll win the AL East (95-67), but their postseason hinges on late-inning reliability.\ **Prediction**: ALCS run, but they fall short if the pen implodes. **Houston Astros**\ The Astros are perennial AL West champs (projected 92-70), even with a slightly aging core. Jose Altuve (.300, 20 HRs) and Yordan Alvarez (.295, 35 HRs) keep the offense humming, and a rotation led by Framber Valdez (3.20 ERA) and Hunter Brown (3.50 ERA) is solid. Their bullpen, with Josh Hader (1.28 ERA in 2024), is lights-out. But injuries to key arms like Justin Verlander (aging at 42) could bite them.\ **Prediction**: ALDS exit—they’re good, but not great this year. **Cleveland Guardians**\ The Guardians sneak into the playoffs as the AL Central champs (88-74). Jose Ramirez (.280, 35 HRs, 110 RBIs) is a one-man wrecking crew, and their rotation—Shane Bieber (3.00 ERA, if healthy) and Triston McKenzie (3.60 ERA)—keeps them in games. But their offense outside Ramirez is thin (team OPS around .720), and the bullpen’s inconsistent (4.00 ERA).\ **Prediction**: Wild Card exit—they’re scrappy but lack firepower. **Tampa Bay Rays (Wild Card)**\ The Rays grab a Wild Card spot (90-72) with their usual mix of grit and analytics. Yandy Diaz (.290, 15 HRs) and Randy Arozarena (.270, 25 HRs) lead a balanced offense, while Shane McClanahan (3.10 ERA) and Zach Eflin (3.40 ERA) anchor the rotation. Their bullpen (top-10 in ERA at 3.50) is a strength, but depth issues (injuries to key prospects) could hurt.\ **Prediction**: ALDS run—they’re sneaky dangerous. **Seattle Mariners (Wild Card)**\ The Mariners finally break through as a Wild Card (89-73), as predicted by some fans on X. Julio Rodriguez (.285, 30 HRs) and Cal Raleigh (.250, 35 HRs) power the offense, and a rotation of Luis Castillo (3.20 ERA), Logan Gilbert (3.30 ERA), and George Kirby (3.40 ERA) is the best in the AL (team ERA around 3.20). Their offense (bottom-10 in runs scored) is the Achilles’ heel.\ **Prediction**: ALCS run—they’re a pitcher’s dream, but the bats hold ‘em back. **Baltimore Orioles (Wild Card)**\ The Orioles snag a Wild Card (87-75), but some fans on X call them a “surprise disappointment.” Gunnar Henderson (.280, 35 HRs) and Adley Rutschman (.270, 20 HRs) lead a young core, but the rotation—Corbin Burnes (3.00 ERA) and Grayson Rodriguez (3.70 ERA)—lacks depth after losing Kyle Bradish to injury. The bullpen (4.20 ERA) is shaky.\ **Prediction**: Wild Card exit—too many holes this year. --- **National League Playoff Teams: The NL Wild West** **Los Angeles Dodgers**\ The Dodgers are the NL West juggernaut (98-64), and some fans on X are already calling them World Series champs. Shohei Ohtani (.300, 50 HRs, 120 RBIs) is the NL MVP favorite, Mookie Betts (.290, 30 HRs) is elite, and Freddie Freeman (.310, 25 HRs) is steady. The rotation—Tyler Glasnow (3.10 ERA), Yoshinobu Yamamoto (3.30 ERA), and Walker Buehler (3.50 ERA)—is deep, and the bullpen (3.40 ERA) is solid. No weaknesses here.\ **Prediction**: World Series bound—they’re a machine. **Philadelphia Phillies**\ The Phillies win the NL East (94-68) with a balanced attack. Bryce Harper (.290, 30 HRs) and Kyle Schwarber (.250, 40 HRs) mash, while Trea Turner (.300, 20 HRs) adds speed. The rotation—Zack Wheeler (3.00 ERA), Aaron Nola (3.40 ERA), and Ranger Suarez (3.60 ERA)—is top-tier, and the bullpen (3.50 ERA) is reliable. They’re built for October.\ Prediction: NLCS run—they’re legit contenders. **Milwaukee Brewers**\ The Brewers take the NL Central (90-72) with a scrappy squad. Willy Adames (.270, 30 HRs) and William Contreras (.280, 20 HRs) lead the offense, while Freddy Peralta (3.30 ERA) and Brandon Woodruff (3.50 ERA, if healthy) anchor the rotation. Their bullpen (top-5 in ERA at 3.30) is a strength, but the offense (middle-of-the-pack in runs) can stall.\ **Prediction**: NLDS exit—not enough firepower. **Atlanta Braves (Wild Card)**\ The Braves grab a Wild Card (91-71) despite injuries. Ronald Acuna Jr. (.290, 35 HRs) and Matt Olson (.270, 40 HRs) power the lineup, but the rotation—Chris Sale (3.20 ERA) and Max Fried (3.40 ERA)—is thin after Spencer Strider’s injury. The bullpen (3.60 ERA) is solid, but depth is a concern.\ **Prediction**: NLDS run—they’re talented but banged up. **San Diego Padres (Wild Card)**\ The Padres snag a Wild Card (89-73) with a balanced attack. Fernando Tatis Jr. (.280, 35 HRs) and Manny Machado (.270, 30 HRs) lead the offense, while Dylan Cease (3.30 ERA) and Yu Darvish (3.50 ERA) anchor the rotation. The bullpen (3.70 ERA) is decent, but they lack a true closer.\ **Prediction**: Wild Card exit—not enough late-game juice. **New York Mets (Wild Card)**\ The Mets sneak in as a Wild Card (88-74) with a breakout year. Francisco Lindor (.280, 30 HRs) and Pete Alonso (.260, 35 HRs) mash, while Kodai Senga (3.20 ERA) and Luis Severino (3.60 ERA) lead the rotation. The bullpen (4.00 ERA) is a weak spot, but their offense (top-10 in runs) keeps ‘em alive.\ **Prediction**: NLDS run—they’re scrappy but flawed. --- **Playoff Breakdown: The Road to the World Series** **AL Wild Card**: - Rays over Guardians - Mariners over Orioles - Yankees over Rays - Mariners over Astros - Yankees vs. Mariners → Yankees (4-2)\ Judge and Soto go off, and the Mariners’ bats can’t keep up with New York’s firepower. Cole’s ace stuff seals it. **NL Wild Card**: - Braves over Padres - Mets over Brewers - Dodgers over Mets - Phillies over Braves - Dodgers vs. Phillies → Dodgers (4-3)\ Ohtani’s heroics (think a 3-HR game) and the Dodgers’ depth outlast Philly’s grit in a seven-game classic. --- **World Series**: Yankees vs. Dodgers Here we go—a rematch of last year’s epic clash! The Yankees are hungry for revenge, with Judge and Soto swinging for the fences (combined 5 HRs in the series). Cole (Game 1 gem, 7 IP, 2 ER) and Rodon (Game 5 win) keep it close, but the Dodgers’ lineup is relentless—Ohtani (.350, 2 HRs), Betts (.320, 3 doubles), and Freeman (.300, 8 RBIs) overwhelm New York’s shaky bullpen. Glasnow and Yamamoto each win a start, and the Dodgers’ pen (2.50 ERA in the series) slams the door. Dodgers win in 6—Ohtani’s walk-off in Game 6 seals it. --- **The Final Buzzer** The Dodgers are my 2025 World Series champs—they’ve got the star power, depth, and clutch factor to repeat. The Yankees make a valiant run, but their bullpen woes bite ‘em again. Hit me on X if you disagree, but this is my October gospel—let’s see who’s standing when the dust settles! Play ball, degenerates!

@ 9dd283b1:cf9b6beb

Can someone please explain to me how this new STRF thing works? Cause I'm getting FTX / BlockFI vibes here. 18% Yield, no risk investment, bond killer, etc... Look at this post for example - https://x.com/AdamBLiv/status/1905106498398621846 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926635

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

Maybe we will never meet José. He is a mechanical engineer who works in a shop repairing vehicle air conditioners. After finishing high school, he decided not to go to college because he thought it was a waste of time. Instead, he tried his luck at a technical school for electromechanics near his house. On the first day, he fell in love with what he saw, and he did very well. At first, he was just an assistant. Later, he managed two warehouses under his leadership, and eventually, he became the workshop manager. When a wave of corporate mergers came, José was not left behind, and the workshop where he worked was absorbed. For the better, he was appointed as General Manager of three workshops. Life was going well, but it was time to think about the future. Amidst many jobs, he remembered reading or hearing about a coin... Bitcoin or something like that, which seemed to make sense as an investment source, not savings. He wanted to save for his retirement, so he went to a meetup near his city where they taught him how to set up his own self-custodial wallet. They taught him how to buy and sell, how to send and receive. He was happy. Like a dog with three tails, José now had power in his hands, and he knew it. Let’s skip the next few months. He kept saving, and through a simple DCA (Dollar-Cost Averaging) program, he bought every month, and his portfolio grew significantly. As his social media algorithm started pointing towards crypto content, José began to see Bitcoin influencers talking about ETFs, how politicians were entering the political arena, taxes, withholding, account freezes, and a bunch of other stuff. One of those afternoons, a friend of his brings over a new strain to smoke, saying it has hallucinogenic components. After taking some and feeling the effects, the friend asks José how his Bitcoin investments are going. Despite giving him a positive answer, he takes a long sigh and tells him about the future.  *“The last time I went to a meetup, I found too many Bitcoiners focused on three things: politicians (not politics), ETFs, and non-economy topics, plus taxes. I told them I had read Facebook’s employee manual where [one of the points says](https://facebookcollection.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/facebooks-little-red-book-office-of-ben-barry.pdf), ‘If we don’t create what will kill Facebook, someone outside will do it,’”* he paused, looked into his friend’s glassy eyes, and continued. *“They called me crazy. They started telling me that countries would adopt Bitcoin, start buying, and begin regulating more seriously. What they didn’t realize is that they are already doing it.”* His friend took a heavy drag, José did too, and then he began explaining the plan for governments to passively take away your Bitcoins. *“Step 1: The government won’t buy anything. It will simply use the monopoly of force to seize everything they can. By breaking down doors and seizing equipment, they will have enough leverage to start negotiating... this stage is crucial: don’t buy anything. Just flex the muscles to the population and remind them of their place in the world, that death and taxes are mandatory, even if you pay your taxes from the grave.”* The friend remembered something about Trump’s Reserve, or was it Bukele’s? It got mixed up in his head, but he looked at José and, in silence, asked him to continue. *“Step 2: Some will start showing sympathy to gather votes. That’s easy: politicians hunting with legal fantasies. Until, at some point, someone will say it’s time. Before that, there will be some who try to do things their way but won’t be able to. Organizations controlling monetary policies will step in and won’t let you do anything until they figure out what to do, and then...”* José interrupted himself with a heavy drag, *“...then comes step 3.”* *“Step 3 is the most complicated. They will have to convince the population to hand over their Bitcoins, but passively. Executive Order 6102 in 1933 was a disaster of catastrophic proportions. Not to mention the gold looting of 1915 in the British Empire, which Europeans themselves rarely point out. So, what do we have in favor as a government? Legality. Okay, then, how do we get people to start giving their money voluntarily? Just like they were doing at the meetup: talking nonsense about politicians, projects with the state, and so on. And here’s the Trojan horse: ETFs.”* *“Many people don’t understand, but the government will take its share and ‘recommend’ to investors that the best way to stay compliant with their tax obligations but still participate in the decentralized market is through Wall Street instruments. People will go directly there, put their Bitcoins on centralized exchanges, and won’t realize that, at any moment, step 4 will begin.”* They stare at the stars while José points at a star, it's a large one, probably a planet exploding thousands of light-years away. *“Step 4 is what I call [voluntary selection](https://stacker.news/items/385234). The ETFs will become a sort of bonds to maintain state power. They need a valuable instrument to sustain their power, and through promises of fair regulations and consumer protection, your Bitcoins will end up directly under state control. The correct way to buy Bitcoin will now be through ETFs authorized by friendly companies and regulated.”* *“This, without ever forgetting that the raids on decentralized exchanges will continue. Through the weight of the law, they will try to go against those to keep confiscating. It’s true they won’t be able to hack my private key, but they’ll pull out my nails, kidnap me, and drug me to reveal everything. And then the final step... the kidnapping of Bitcoin.”* *“Step 5 is the takeover. As we know, there are rebellious souls because people like me know that ETFs are a corrupt instrument of a corrupt government led by the same people who caused the 2008 crisis and other previous years’ crises so severe that WE ended up paying for them. How do you take us out of the game? You can’t, but you discourage us — [a classic sabotage tactic](https://www.cia.gov/static/5c875f3ec660e092cf893f60b4a288df/SimpleSabotage.pdf).”* *“The first step is to get involved as volunteer developers in the Bitcoin Core. They will start well, just fixing bugs, participating. But one day, they will start offering pull-request packages, with small backdoors or intentionally doing things wrong. We will denounce them, but they will say it’s a conspiracy, that the government isn’t trying to take over anything, and everything will continue as usual.* *The second step is to nominate a pro-ETF person within Bitcoin development, allowing this developer to lead projects related to creating ETF-Bitcoin integration. At that moment, capitulation will begin, new Bitcoin forks will emerge, and the whole scheme will restart. But the government already controls the core, completely forgotten amid ridiculous news about prices, who’s buying and who’s not. **Today, it’s more important if BlackRock bought than to check what’s happening in the Core**.”* The friend realizes he’s getting hungry, looks at José seeking company, and José ends with one sentence. *“It’s the stuff from that herb, man. **People wouldn’t be so stupid to fall into this game**... I feel like eating some pupusas.”* And that’s a story, folks. Is it true or not... could it be? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926599

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Sitges is known for its golden beaches, vibrant nightlife, and artistic charm. With a beautiful seafront promenade, historic old town, and a welcoming atmosphere, it’s a top destination for relaxation, culture, and fun on the **Costa Dorada.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Sitges** ### **1️⃣ Stroll Along the Passeig Marítim 🌊** - A **scenic seaside promenade** lined with palm trees, beaches, and restaurants. - Perfect for **walking, cycling, or enjoying a sunset cocktail**. ### **2️⃣ Relax on the Beaches 🏖️** - **Playa de la Fragata** – A central beach near the old town, great for families. - **Playa de San Sebastián** – A smaller, quieter beach with local charm. - **Playa del Balmins** – A well-known **nudist and LGBTQ+ friendly** beach. - **Playa de l'Home Mort** – A hidden cove, popular for naturists.  ### **3️⃣ Visit the Church of Sant Bartomeu i Santa Tecla ⛪** - The **iconic church overlooking the sea**, a must-visit landmark. - Amazing spot for **photos, especially at sunset**. ### **4️⃣ Explore the Old Town & Museums 🏛️** - Wander through **charming whitewashed streets** filled with **boutique shops and cafés**. - Visit **Museu Cau Ferrat**, home to **art by Santiago Rusiñol and Picasso**. - Discover **Museu Maricel**, featuring **Romanesque and modernist art**.  ### **5️⃣ Enjoy Sitges' Lively Nightlife & Festivals 🎭** - Sitges is famous for its **bars, beach clubs, and LGBTQ+ friendly nightlife**. - Visit in **February** for **Sitges Carnival**, one of Spain’s best! 🎉 - Experience the **Sitges Film Festival (October)**, known for horror & fantasy films. ### **6️⃣ Wine Tasting in Penedès 🍷** - Take a short trip to **Penedès**, one of Spain’s best **Cava (sparkling wine) regions**. - Tour **local wineries** and enjoy **wine tastings** just 30 minutes away.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Sitges** - **Xató** – A local **salad with cod, anchovies, and romesco sauce** 🥗 - **Suquet de Peix** – A Catalan **seafood stew with potatoes** 🍲🐟 - **Fideuà** – Similar to paella, but made with **short noodles instead of rice** 🍤 - **Crema Catalana** – A **delicious caramelized custard dessert** 🍮 - **Cava** – The **famous Catalan sparkling wine** from nearby Penedès 🍾  ## **🚗 How to Get to Sitges** 🚆 **By Train:** 35 min from **Barcelona (Sants or Passeig de Gràcia stations)**. 🚘 **By Car:** 40 min from **Barcelona** via the **C-32 highway**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Barcelona Airport (El Prat) and Tarragona**. ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Barcelona-El Prat (BCN, 25 km away)**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Sitges** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring to early autumn (April–October)** for beach weather ☀️ ✅ **Avoid summer weekends** – It gets very busy with visitors from Barcelona 🏖️ ✅ **Visit during Carnival or the Film Festival** for an unforgettable experience 🎭🎬 ✅ **Explore beyond the beaches** – The old town and vineyards are worth it! 🍷 ✅ **Try beachfront dining** – Enjoy fresh seafood with a sea view 🍽️🌊

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

What we have been missing in [SN Press kit](https://stacker.news/items/872925/r/Design_r)? Most important, who the press kit is for? It's for us? It's for them? Them, who? The first few editions of the press kit, I agree are mostly made by us, for us. A way to try to homogenize how we _speek_ out SN into the wild web. A way to have SN voice sync, loud and clear, to send out our message. In this case, I squeezed my mouse, creating a template for us [^1], stackers, to share when talking sales with possible businesses and merchants willing to invest some sats and engage with SN community. Here's the message and the sales pitch, v0.1: ## Reach Bitcoin’s Most Engaged Community – Zero Noise, Pure Signal.              - - - Contributions to improve would be much appreciated. You can also help by simply commenting on each slide or leaving your feedback below, especially if you are a sale person or someone that has seen similar documents before. This is the first interaction. Already noticed some issues, for example with the emojis and the fonts, especially when exporting, probably related to a penpot issue. The slides maybe render differently depending on the browser you're using. - [▶️ Play](https://design.penpot.app/#/view?file-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-ef90a160b2c9&page-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-ef90a160b2ca&section=interactions&index=0&interactions-mode=hide&zoom=fit) the file in your browser - ⬇️ Save the [PDF file](https://mega.nz/file/TsBgkRoI#20HEb_zscozgJYlRGha0XiZvcXCJfLQONx2fc65WHKY) @k00b it will be nice to have some real data, how we can get some basic audience insights? Even some inputs from Plausible, if still active, will be much useful. [^1]: Territory founders. FYI: @Aardvark, @AGORA, @anna, @antic, @AtlantisPleb, @av, @Bell_curve, @benwehrman, @bitcoinplebdev, @Bitter, @BlokchainB, @ch0k1, @davidw, @ek, @elvismercury, @frostdragon, @grayruby, @HODLR, @inverselarp, @Jon_Hodl, @MaxAWebster, @mega_dreamer, @mrtali, @niftynei, @nout, @OneOneSeven, @PlebLab, @Public_N_M_E, @RDClark, @realBitcoinDog, @roytheholographicuniverse, @siggy47, @softsimon, @south_korea_ln, @theschoolofbitcoin, @TNStacker. @UCantDoThatDotNet, @Undisciplined originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926557

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Nerja is known for its stunning beaches, famous caves, and breathtaking sea views. With a charming old town, whitewashed houses, and a lively atmosphere, Nerja offers a perfect mix of relaxation, nature, and culture.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Nerja** ### **1️⃣ Balcón de Europa 🌅** - A **stunning viewpoint** with **panoramic views** of the Mediterranean. - Lined with **palm trees, street musicians, and cafés**. - A great spot for **sunset photos and people-watching**.  ### **2️⃣ Nerja Caves (Cuevas de Nerja) 🏰** - A **famous cave system** with **impressive stalactites and stalagmites**. - Home to **prehistoric cave paintings**, estimated to be over **40,000 years old**. - One of Spain’s most important **archaeological sites**. ### **3️⃣ Playa de Burriana 🏖️** - The **best beach in Nerja**, with **golden sand and clear waters**. - Offers **water sports**, including **kayaking and paddleboarding**. - Many **chiringuitos (beach bars)** serving delicious **seafood paella**. ### **4️⃣ Kayaking to Maro Cliffs 🚣‍♂️** - Paddle along the **coastline** to discover **hidden coves and waterfalls**. - A unique way to explore the **Maro-Cerro Gordo Cliffs Natural Park**.  ### **5️⃣ Frigiliana – The Most Beautiful White Village 🏡** - Just **10 minutes from Nerja**, this **charming Andalusian village** is full of **whitewashed houses, cobbled streets, and colorful flowers**. - Wander through **narrow alleyways** and enjoy **stunning mountain views**. ### **6️⃣ El Salón & Calahonda Beaches 🏝️** - **Small, quiet beaches** just below the Balcón de Europa. - Perfect for a **relaxing swim away from the crowds**.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Nerja** - **Espetos de Sardinas** – Grilled sardines on skewers, a classic Andalusian dish 🐟 - **Ajoblanco** – A cold almond and garlic soup, refreshing on hot days 🍲 - **Fried Fish (Pescaito Frito)** – A mix of **freshly caught seafood** 🦑🐠 - **Tarta de Almendra** – A traditional **almond cake**, perfect with coffee 🍰 - **Paella at Playa Burriana** – One of the best places to enjoy authentic **seafood paella** 🍤🍚  ## **🚗 How to Get to Nerja** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Málaga Airport (AGP, 70 km, 50 min drive)**. 🚘 **By Car:** 50 min from **Málaga**, 1.5 hrs from **Granada**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Málaga, Granada, and other Costa del Sol towns**. 🚆 **By Train:** No direct train, but you can take a train to Málaga and then a bus.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Nerja** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring & summer (April–September)** for the best weather ☀️ ✅ **Book Nerja Cave tickets in advance** – It’s one of the most visited sites in Andalusia 🏰 ✅ **Try kayaking or boat tours** – The coastline is stunning from the water 🚣‍♂️ ✅ **Visit Frigiliana early** – To avoid crowds and enjoy the peaceful morning atmosphere 🌅 ✅ **Wear comfortable shoes** – The old town has steep, cobbled streets 👟 

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926553

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Los Narejos is a laid-back beach town on the Costa Cálida, located in the Murcia region of Spain. Known for its calm, warm waters, family-friendly beaches, and proximity to the Mar Menor lagoon, it’s an excellent destination for relaxation, water sports, and enjoying the Mediterranean lifestyle**.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Los Narejos** ### **1️⃣ Playa de Los Narejos 🏖️** - A **wide, sandy beach** with **shallow and warm waters**, perfect for families. - **Palm-lined promenade** for walking, cycling, or enjoying seaside cafés. - Excellent for **swimming, sunbathing, and beach sports**. ### **2️⃣ Mar Menor Lagoon 🌊** - A **unique saltwater lagoon**, separated from the Mediterranean by La Manga. - **Warmer and calmer waters** than the open sea, ideal for **safe swimming**. - Known for its **healing mud baths** with **minerals beneficial for the skin**.  ### **3️⃣ Watersports Paradise 🚤** - A top spot for **kite surfing, windsurfing, sailing, and stand-up paddleboarding**. - Several local schools offer **lessons for beginners and equipment rentals**. - Great conditions for **kayaking** along the Mar Menor coastline. ### **4️⃣ Promenade Walk to Los Alcázares 🚶‍♂️** - A **scenic coastal walk** from Los Narejos to **Los Alcázares**. - Pass by **chiringuitos (beach bars)** serving fresh seafood and cocktails. ### **5️⃣ Local Markets & Shopping 🛍️** - Visit the **Los Alcázares Market** (Tuesdays & Saturdays) for **local produce, clothes, and crafts**. - Small boutique shops sell **Murcian souvenirs, ceramics, and wines**.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Los Narejos** - **Caldero Murciano** – A **traditional seafood rice dish**, full of flavor 🍚🐟 - **Dorada a la Sal** – Fresh **sea bream baked in salt**, a Mediterranean specialty 🐠 - **Tapas & Mariscos** – Try local seafood tapas like **grilled prawns, octopus, and clams** 🍤 - **Pastel de Carne** – A **Murcian meat pie**, perfect for a quick bite 🥧 - **Paparajotes** – A sweet treat made from **lemon leaves coated in batter and fried** 🍋🍩  ## **🚗 How to Get to Los Narejos** ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Región de Murcia Airport (RMU, 30 min drive)**. 🚆 **By Train:** Nearest station is in **Balsicas (20 min drive)**, with connections to Murcia and Cartagena. 🚘 **By Car:** 30 min from **Murcia**, 1 hr from **Alicante**, 20 min from **Cartagena**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Murcia, Cartagena, and Alicante**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Los Narejos** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring to early autumn (April–October)** for great weather ☀️ ✅ **Try water sports** – Mar Menor is one of the safest places for beginners 🏄‍♂️ ✅ **Bring a bike** – The flat terrain and coastal paths are great for cycling 🚴 ✅ **Enjoy the sunset** – The Mar Menor has some of the most stunning sunset views 🌅

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

L'Estartit is famous for its **stunning beaches, the Medes Islands, and incredible diving opportunities**. Once a small fishing village, it’s now a paradise for **nature lovers, water sports enthusiasts, and those seeking a relaxing Mediterranean escape**.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in L'Estartit** ### **1️⃣ Medes Islands (Illes Medes) 🏝️** - A **protected marine reserve**, perfect for **snorkeling and scuba diving**. - Explore **sea caves, coral reefs, and diverse marine life**. - Take a **glass-bottom boat tour** to admire the underwater world without getting wet. ### **2️⃣ L'Estartit Beach 🏖️** - A **long sandy beach** with shallow waters, ideal for families. - Great for **swimming, sunbathing, and water sports** like windsurfing and kayaking. - Offers fantastic views of the **Medes Islands**.  ### **3️⃣ Montgrí Massif & Castle 🏰** - Hike up to the **Montgrí Castle** for **panoramic views** of the Costa Brava. - Trails through **rocky landscapes and Mediterranean forests**. - A perfect spot for **hiking, mountain biking, and photography**. ### **4️⃣ Coastal Walking Route (Camí de Ronda) 🌊** - A breathtaking **hiking trail along the cliffs**, connecting L'Estartit with nearby beaches and coves. - Discover **hidden spots like Cala Pedrosa and Cala Ferriol**.  ### **5️⃣ Explore the Old Town & Port ⚓** - Wander through **narrow streets with local shops and seafood restaurants**. - Visit the **Sant Genís Church**, a historic landmark in the town center. - Enjoy a drink with a view at the **marina**. ### **6️⃣ Kayaking & Stand-Up Paddleboarding 🚣‍♂️** - Paddle along the **coastline to explore caves, cliffs, and hidden coves**. - A great way to experience the natural beauty of the area.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in L'Estartit** - **Suquet de Peix** – Traditional Catalan **fish stew** 🐟 - **Arroz a la Cassola** – A **savory rice dish** with seafood 🍤 - **Fideuà** – Like **paella**, but made with short noodles instead of rice 🍜 - **Calamars a la Planxa** – Grilled squid with olive oil and garlic 🦑 - **Crema Catalana** – A classic Catalan **dessert similar to crème brûlée** 🍮  ## **🚗 How to Get to L'Estartit** 🚆 **By Train:** The nearest train station is **Flaçà (30 min by car/taxi)** with connections from **Barcelona and Girona**. 🚘 **By Car:** 1.5 hrs from **Barcelona**, 45 min from **Girona**, 1 hr from **Figueres**. 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Barcelona, Girona, and other Costa Brava towns**. ✈️ **By Air:** The nearest airport is **Girona-Costa Brava (GRO, 55 km)**.  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting L'Estartit** ✅ **Best time to visit?** Late spring to early autumn (**May–September**) for warm weather 🌞 ✅ **Book diving tours in advance** – Medes Islands are a top diving destination 🤿 ✅ **Hike early in the morning** to avoid the heat & get the best views 🥾 ✅ **Visit in June** for the **Havaneres Festival**, celebrating Catalan maritime music 🎶

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

> The tech industry and its press have treated the rise of billion-scale social networks and ubiquitous smartphone apps as an unadulterated win for regular people, a triumph of usability and empowerment. They seldom talk about what we’ve lost along the way in this transition, and I find that younger folks may not even know how the web used to be. `— Anil Dash, The Web We Lost, 13 Dec 2012` https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9KKMnoTTHJk&t=156s So here’s a few glimpses of a web that’s mostly faded away: https://www.anildash.com/2012/12/13/the_web_we_lost/ The first step to disabusing them of this notion is for the people creating the next generation of social applications to learn a little bit of history, to know your shit, whether that’s about [Twitter’s business model](http://web.archive.org/web/20180120013123/http://anildash.com/2010/04/ten-years-of-twitter-ads.html) or [Google’s social features](http://web.archive.org/web/20170518203228/http://anildash.com/2012/04/why-you-cant-trust-tech-press-to-teach-you-about-the-tech-industry.html) or anything else. We have to know what’s been tried and failed, what good ideas were simply ahead of their time, and what opportunities have been lost in the current generation of dominant social networks. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926499

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

Explore and reimagine programming interfaces beyond text (visual, tactile, spatial). > _"The most dangerous thought you can have as a creative person is to think you know what you're doing."_ `— Richard Hamming` [^1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pTEmbeENF4 For his recent DBX Conference talk, Victor took attendees back to the year 1973, donning the uniform of an IBM systems engineer of the times, delivering his presentation on an overhead projector. The '60s and early '70s were a fertile time for CS ideas, reminds Victor, but even more importantly, it was a time of unfettered thinking, unconstrained by programming dogma, authority, and tradition.  _'The most dangerous thought that you can have as a creative person is to think that you know what you're doing,'_ explains Victor. 'Because once you think you know what you're doing you stop looking around for other ways of doing things and you stop being able to see other ways of doing things. You become blind.' He concludes, 'I think you have to say: _"We don't know what programming is. We don't know what computing is. We don't even know what a computer is."_ And once you truly understand that, and once you truly believe that, then you're free, and you can think anything.' More details at https://worrydream.com/dbx/ [^1]: Richard Hamming -- [The Art of Doing Science and Engineering, p5](http://worrydream.com/refs/Hamming_1997_-_The_Art_of_Doing_Science_and_Engineering.pdf) (pdf ebook) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926493

@ a8d1560d:3fec7a08

I have made a big update to my Nostr desktop. Apps for images, videos and livestreams after their respective NIPs have been added, and the Raw Events app has been greatly improved. There are still some layout problems, but it all works (hopefully). <https://websim.ai/@wholewish91244492/nostr-desktop>  

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I just finished watching the Lakers narrowly escape with a win over the Pacers, in Indiana. I watched it at [BetPlay](https://betplay.io/en/sportsbook?bt-path=%2Fbasketball%2Fusa%2Fnba-1669819088278523904), btw, where I'm now watching the late games. Firstly, Lebron had a rough game: no made FG's in the first half (first time in approximately 20 years) and only 2 points. There was legit concern that his million consecutive games with double digits might finally end. Coming into the fourth quarter, he still only had seven points and the Lakers had about a ten point lead. Once Lebron secured his 10 points it really seemed like they let up and the Pacers came roaring back. Shoutout to Myles Turner, who made a great pass breakup in transition on what would have been a lob dunk (I also think Doris may have said "just the tip" when describing how little contact he made with the ball). Rui hit a couple of threes back-to-back, which felt huge, but the Lakers took their foot off the gas again. The Pacers kept it tight and even took a lead, thanks to Luka playing some of the worst defense you'll ever see. With three seconds left and trailing by one, Luka shook his defender and put up a soft little floater...which bounced out only for Lebron to get the put-back at the buzzer and win the game. The only thing that would have been better is if the tip-in had gotten Lebron his double digits. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926406

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido  Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/i/web/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: ``` https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch ``` *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: 'The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation.' “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will.  ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law.  Source: [https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf](https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf) ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not to late to Bitcoin.  On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation.  Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. [https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/](https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/) Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL  👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' ``` https://archive.ph/ncvtk ``` On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0W2jEedynbc Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. `Use the code SE3997` Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido  Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/i/web/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: ``` https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch ``` *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: 'The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation.' “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will.  ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law.  Source: [https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf](https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf) ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not to late to Bitcoin.  On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation.  Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. [https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/](https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/) Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL  👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' ``` https://archive.ph/ncvtk ``` On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0W2jEedynbc Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. `Use the code SE3997` Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido  Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/i/web/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: ``` https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch ``` *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: 'The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation.' “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will.  ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law.  Source: [https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf](https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf) ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not to late to Bitcoin.  On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation.  Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. [https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/](https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/) Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL  👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' ``` https://archive.ph/ncvtk ``` On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0W2jEedynbc Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. `Use the code SE3997` Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido https://i.ibb.co/ZzcCHwgT/Gip-G0vdb-YAAV9-Mw-1.jpg Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/EliNagarBrr/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: 'The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation.' “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will. https://i.ibb.co/sdt1GvfM/Gm-Vd-FBz-XQAA3t3-M-1.jpg ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law. https://i.ibb.co/nWRHjnk/Gmg-Yxv-QWEAAgwx8.png Source: https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not late to Bitcoin. https://i.ibb.co/7thzHJMx/Gmf-Uvra-EAEV4-U0.png On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation. https://i.ibb.co/mCs2Lgcc/Gmz-4qc-WMAAzx-z.png Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news ### 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. -  We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/ Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL https://i.ibb.co/ycnRDpdf/Gm-VZMnb-XAAAt76r.png 👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' https://archive.ph/ncvtk On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://t.co/IpakFaYqbL Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code SE3997 Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido https://i.ibb.co/ZzcCHwgT/Gip-G0vdb-YAAV9-Mw-1.jpg Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/EliNagarBrr/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: 'The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation.' “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will. https://i.ibb.co/sdt1GvfM/Gm-Vd-FBz-XQAA3t3-M-1.jpg ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law. https://i.ibb.co/nWRHjnk/Gmg-Yxv-QWEAAgwx8.png Source: https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not late to Bitcoin. https://i.ibb.co/7thzHJMx/Gmf-Uvra-EAEV4-U0.png On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation. https://i.ibb.co/mCs2Lgcc/Gmz-4qc-WMAAzx-z.png Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news ### 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. -  We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/ Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL https://i.ibb.co/ycnRDpdf/Gm-VZMnb-XAAAt76r.png 👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' https://archive.ph/ncvtk On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://t.co/IpakFaYqbL Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code SE3997 Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀ ⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido https://i.ibb.co/ZzcCHwgT/Gip-G0vdb-YAAV9-Mw-1.jpg Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/EliNagarBrr/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation. “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will. https://i.ibb.co/sdt1GvfM/Gm-Vd-FBz-XQAA3t3-M-1.jpg ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law. https://i.ibb.co/nWRHjnk/Gmg-Yxv-QWEAAgwx8.png Source: https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not late to Bitcoin. https://i.ibb.co/7thzHJMx/Gmf-Uvra-EAEV4-U0.png On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation. https://i.ibb.co/mCs2Lgcc/Gmz-4qc-WMAAzx-z.png Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news ## 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. -  We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/ Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL https://i.ibb.co/ycnRDpdf/Gm-VZMnb-XAAAt76r.png 👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' https://archive.ph/ncvtk On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://t.co/IpakFaYqbL Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code SE3997 Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

## 🧠Quote(s) of the week: The path to maximalism is littered with mistakes and paved with humility.' Anilsaido https://i.ibb.co/ZzcCHwgT/Gip-G0vdb-YAAV9-Mw-1.jpg Bitcoin is time because money itself is time. Money is humanity’s battery: a way to store energy, labor, and resources for the future. It captures your past effort and preserves it for when you need it most. Fiat leaks. Bitcoin holds. ## 🧡Bitcoin news🧡 On the 18th of March: ➡️After ruling out a strategic bitcoin reserve, the Bank of Korea will launch a central bank digital currency pilot in April, per The Korea Times. ➡️'Metaplanet has acquired an additional 150 BTC for ~$12.5 million, achieving a BTC Yield of 60.8% YTD in 2025. As of 3/18/2025, Metaplanet hodls 3,200 BTC, and is now a top 10 publicly listed holder of Bitcoin globally.' -Dylan LeClair ➡️Bitcoin entered a risk-off, distribution-dominant phase in early 2025, evidenced by frequent selling and hesitation to buy (yellow to orange dots). - AMB Crypto ➡️Bitwise CIO says Bitcoin should be at $200,000 today and says, “I think the number of companies buying Bitcoin is going to triple this year, I think Game Theory is on.” “I think countries around the world are going to be buying Bitcoin. There is structurally more demand than supply in Bitcoin.” ➡️Bitcoin mining company Bitfarms buys Stronghold Digital for more than $110 million, making it the largest public-to-public acquisition in Bitcoin industry history. ➡️Bitcoin long-term HODLers become net buyers for the first time since September, per Compass Point Research. "Buying/selling from HODLers is typically a leading indicator for BTC. This cohort now owns 65% of BTC supply vs 63% last week vs 73% in early October." - Bitcoin News ➡️GlassNode: 'The Bitcoin market continues to adjust to its new price range after experiencing a -30% correction. Liquidity conditions are also contracting in both on-chain and futures markets.' ➡️Bitcoin now ranks 6th among the world's top monetary assets at $1.62 trillion, per Porkopolis. ➡️The EU isn't banning Bitcoin but using MiCA and other regulations to control it. This involves stripping away privacy through transaction tracking, mandatory disclosures, and restrictions on self-custody. The goal is control, not outright prohibition. Excellent thread by Eli. Eli summarises the EU’s attack on Bitcoin and on Europeans’ rights: https://x.com/EliNagarBrr/status/1902048401908261146 Agree 100% with all of this. All these people who have been saying the EU pushing the industry forward with regulations are idiots. They are closing it off and pushing everyone to a CBDC. Regarding the CBCD, here you will find a comprehensive summary of EU’s CBDC plans, by Efrat Fenigson: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/ecb-prepping-the-ground-for-digital-euro-launch *On the 20th of March, the ECB posted the following statement on Twitter: The digital euro is not just about creating a new form of money, says Chief Economist Philip R. Lane. It is about ensuring that Europe retains control over its monetary and financial destiny in the digital age against a backdrop of increasing geopolitical fragmentation. “It’s about ensuring that the EU retains control over its citizens.” There, I fixed it for you if you missed the primary reason. The Euro is a permissioned, centralized, censorable, inflationary, debt-based currency controlled by unelected bureaucrats. Bitcoin is permissionless, decentralized, censorship-resistant, fixed in supply, and governed by code—not politicians. Choose wisely. ➡️As mentioned in last week's Weekly Recap the US Government spends $3.3B per day in interest rate expense. If this doesn’t make you buy Bitcoin I’m not sure what will. https://i.ibb.co/sdt1GvfM/Gm-Vd-FBz-XQAA3t3-M-1.jpg ➡️In Kibera, Africa’s largest informal settlement, more than 40 merchants now accept and save in Bitcoin. ➡️The increase in 3-6 month-old UTXOs suggests accumulation during this market correction, a behavior historically critical in forming market bottoms and driving new price rallies. ➡️Just as Hal Finney predicted, Bitcoin will take over Wall Street: Multiple American Bitcoin companies are now seeking to become state or national banks, reports Reuters. It is inevitable. ➡️Daniel Batten: 2021: 62 US Environmental Organizations write to coCongressaying Bitcoin is bad for the environment and has no use (based on Central Bank misinformation) 2025: US Environmental Organizations debunked (impossible, had they used Bitcoin) Strange are the ways of karma. Meanwhile, ➡️President Trump's Executive Director, Bo Hines, on digital assets: "We talked about ways of acquiring more Bitcoin in budget-neutral ways." We want "as much as we can get." When Bitcoin is at $200k. We will look back on March 2025 and say, how was everyone not buying. It was so obvious. On the 19th of March: ➡️BLACKROCK: “The most sophisticated long-term Bitcoin accumulators are pretty excited about this dip. They see the correction as a buying opportunity." On the 20th of March: ➡️SEC confirms that Bitcoin and Proof of Work mining are NOT securities under US law. https://i.ibb.co/nWRHjnk/Gmg-Yxv-QWEAAgwx8.png Source: https://t.co/0ExsJniPIf ➡️Bitcoin exchange Kraken has agreed to acquire NinjaTrader, the leading U.S. retail futures trading platform, for $1.5 billion—the largest deal ever of a Bitcoin company buying a traditional financial company. ➡️TRUMP: “I signed an order creating the brand new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and the US digital asset stockpile which will allow the Federal government to maximize the value of its holdings.” Tweet and hot take by Lola L33tz "With the dollar-backed stablecoins, you'll help expand the dominance of the US Dollar [...] It will be at the top, and that's where we want to keep it" 'What he means is: With dollar-backed stablecoins, the Global South will pivot towards digital Dollars over local currencies, allowing private, US government-controlled entities to replace bank accounts around the globe. This does not just allow for the expansion of USD dominance by bypassing local governments – it gives the US unprecedented and direct control over worldwide economies as every stablecoin can be effectively frozen on behalf of the US with the click of a button.' Stablecoins = CBDCs There is no technical fundamental difference between them. It’s almost a guarantee that the EU CBDCs and U.S. stablecoins will be interchangeable. ➡️River: Bitcoin is coming for $128 trillion in global money. You're not late to Bitcoin. https://i.ibb.co/7thzHJMx/Gmf-Uvra-EAEV4-U0.png On the 21st of March: ➡️Michael Saylor’s Strategy to raise $722.5M to buy more Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded Atai Life Sciences to buy $5 million in Bitcoin. ➡️Publicly traded HK Asia Holdings bought 10 Bitcoins worth $858,500 for its balance sheet. ➡️Another solo home miner has mined an entire Bitcoin block worth over $ 260.000,-. On the 22nd of March: ➡️The University of Wyoming posted a new video explaining Bitcoin with Philosophy Professor Bradley Rettler ➡️Spot Bitcoin ETFs bought 8,775 BTC this week while miners only mined 3,150 Bitcoin. On the 24th of March: ➡️Metaplanet finished the day as the 13th most liquid stock in Japan, with ¥50.4 billion ($336.6m) of daily trading volume, ahead of Toyota and Nintendo. ➡️River: There is a 275% gap between the inflation you're told and real inflation. https://i.ibb.co/mCs2Lgcc/Gmz-4qc-WMAAzx-z.png Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral. The U.S. Dollar has been devalued by more than 363% since 2000 – That’s a 14.5% devaluation per year. This means if your savings don’t grow by 14.5% annually, you’re falling behind. This is why we Bitcoin. Bitcoin is insurance on the debt spiral, grow your savings beyond the dollar’s devaluation! ➡️Bitcoin's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over a 5-year rolling window is currently over 50% ➡️Strategy became the first publicly traded company to hold over 500,000 Bitcoin worth over $44 billion. Strategy has acquired 6,911 BTC for ~$584.1 million at ~$84,529 per Bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 7.7% YTD 2025. As of 3/23/2025, Strategy holds 506,137 BTC acquired for ~$33.7 billion at ~$66,608 per Bitcoin. ➡️CryptoQuant: Bitcoin's long-term holders are holding firm, with no significant selling pressure. ➡️Xapo Bank launches Bitcoin-backed USD loans up to $1M, with collateral secured in an MPC vault and no re-usage. ## 💸Traditional Finance / Macro: 👉🏽no news ## 🏦Banks:  👉🏽 no news ## 🌎Macro/Geopolitics: On the 18th of March: 👉🏽Germany just changed its constitution to unleash a staggering ONE TRILLION in new debt. The German parliament has voted to take on hundreds of billions of euros of new government debt, to ease the debt brake rules, and to codify "climate neutrality by 2045" into the constitution. On top of that, some extra money to Ukraine: Germany's next Chancellor, Friedrich Merz, believes that Putin has gone to war against all of Europe. He argues that Russia has attacked Germany, as the Parliament breaks out in applause. -  We continue to move further away from the "Europe is not part of the conflict" rhetoric. Germany’s self-inflicted delusion continues! 👉🏽Germany's first offshore wind farm closes after 15 years because it's too expensive to operate. Expect a car crash. The Alpha Ventus offshore wind farm near the German North Sea island of Borkum is set to be dismantled after being in operation for only 15 years. It has become too unprofitable to operate without massive subsidies. https://wattsupwiththat.com/2025/03/16/germanys-first-offshore-wind-farm-to-be-dismantled-after-just-15-years-of-operation/ Great thing that the Netherlands is investing heavily in offshore wind farms, even the biggest pension fund APB. Because nInE tImEs ChEaPeR tHaN gAs, right? I hope they dismantle them & not leave them to rust into the sea. Right? Because climate! Great response by Jasmine Birtles: "These vanity projects should never have been allowed to start. The phrase 'cheap renewable energy' is simply a falsehood. This kind of energy production only seems cheap because of the huge government subsidies that keep them going. I'm all for clean energy if it's possible to run it honestly and without huge subsidies, but while it doesn't seem to be viable we should stick with what is affordable and will keep the country going, rather than sacrificing the vulnerable to an impossible ideology." 👉🏽'Gold spot is now trading consistently over $3000, a record high. And with deliveries once again picking up at the Comex and war in the Middle East coming back with a vengeance, the next big spike is just a matter of time. As expected, once gold broke out above $3000,- it has gone vertical and is up 1% in the past hours, rising to a new record high of $3034, as it sets off for $4000' - ZeroHedge 👉🏽'We have just witnessed the biggest drop in US equity allocation on record. The collapse of US consumers: Unemployment expectations in the US are now ABOVE 2020 levels and at their highest since 2008. In 2024, a poll showed that a whopping 56% of Americans thought the US was in a recession.' - TKL https://i.ibb.co/ycnRDpdf/Gm-VZMnb-XAAAt76r.png 👉🏽OECD Projects Argentina to Have the Second Highest Economic Growth Worldwide in 2025 👉🏽A new blow to the Dutch chemical sector. The major producer LyondellBasell is permanently closing its factory at the Maasvlakte. This decision, announced on Tuesday afternoon, will result in the loss of approximately 160 jobs. The closure is a direct consequence of global overcapacity and high energy costs in the Netherlands. An audit by the German firm E-Bridge, commissioned by the Dutch government, previously revealed that electricity costs for these companies in the Netherlands amount to €95 per megawatt-hour. In comparison, this rate is €32 in France (66% lower), €45.60 in Germany (52% lower), and €56.05 per megawatt-hour in Belgium (41% lower). According to E-Bridge, this difference is mainly due to the compensation that foreign governments provide to companies and the lower grid tariffs. In the Netherlands, costs have risen primarily to finance investments in the electricity grid, such as connecting multiple offshore wind farms. Now read that segment on offshore wind farms. Mindblowing, innit? Subsidies are not the solution—deregulation is. But Brussels won’t allow that. So, we’re heading toward even more regulation and nationalization. On the 19th of March: 👉🏽The Fed makes multiple revisions to its 2025 economic data projections. Powell finally found the "stag" and the "inflation": Fed cuts year-end GDP forecast from 2.1% to 1.7% Fed raises year-end core PCE forecast from 2.5% to 2.8% Fed raises year-end unemployment forecast from 4.3% to 4.4% Fed raises PCE inflation forecast from 2.5% to 2.7% The Fed sees higher inflation and a weaker economy. On the 20th of March: Dutch Central Bank Director Klaas Knot "We are worried about American influence on our local payment infrastructure." Paving the way for the European CBDC (after slowly but surely removing CASH MONEY from society). Knot has completed his second term and will leave his office in July. Now, of course, pushing for the CBDC, before looking for a new job in Europe. Anyway, DNB posts billions in losses. De Nederlandsche Bank suffered a loss of over €3 billion last year, according to the annual report published on Thursday. This marks the second consecutive year of losses. DNB incurs this loss because, as part of its monetary policy, it has lent out billions at relatively low rates while having to pay a higher rate to banks that park their money at the central bank. But no losses on its gold. The gold reserves, meanwhile, increased in value by €12.6 billion. This amount is not included in the official profit and loss statement but is reflected on the bank's balance sheet. For the Dutch readers/followers: Great article: Follow the Money 'Voor de megawinsten van ING, ABN Amro en Rabobank betaalt de Nederlandse burger een hoge prijs.' https://archive.ph/ncvtk On the 21st of March: 👉🏽'The Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing index dropped 5.6 points in March, to 12.5, its 2nd consecutive monthly decline. 6-month outlook for new orders fell by 30.8 points, to 2.3, the lowest in 3 years. This marks the third-largest drop in history, only behind the 2008 Financial Crisis and December 1973. Furthermore, 6-month business outlook dropped ~40 points to its lowest since January 2024. All while prices paid rose 7.8 points, to 48.3, the highest since July 2022. This is further evidence of weakening economic activity with rising prices.' TKL 👉🏽'China’s central bank gold reserves hit a record 73.6 million fine troy ounces in February. China bought ~160,000 ounces of gold last month, posting their 4th consecutive monthly purchase. Over the last 2.5 years, China’s gold reserves have jumped by 11.0 million ounces of gold. Gold now reflects a record ~5.9% of China’s total foreign exchange reserves, or 2,290 tonnes. Central banks continue to stock up on gold as if we are in a crisis.' -TKL ## 🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift: What Bitcoin Did: BITCOIN & THE END OF THE DOLLAR SYSTEM with Luke Gromen They discuss: - The Sovereign Debt Crisis - If the US Will Reprice the Gold - If we will See Triple Digit Inflation - The End of The US Dollar System Luke Gromen: A modest clarification: The end of the post-71 structure of the USD system is what the Trump Administration’s actions appear to be pursuing & will in due time achieve if they stay on the present course. https://t.co/IpakFaYqbL Credit: I have used multiple sources! My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly. Use the code SE3997 Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀ Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap. ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃ ⭐ Many thanks⭐ Felipe - Bitcoin Friday! ▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ c1e9ab3a:9cb56b43

## Introduction **Nutsax** is a capability-based access control system for **Nostr relays**, designed to provide flexible, privacy-preserving **rate limiting**, **permissioning**, and **operation-scoped token redemption**. At its core, Nutsax introduces: - **Blind-signed tokens**, issued by relays, for specific operation types. - **Token redemption** as part of Nostr event publishing or interactions. - **Encrypted token storage** using existing Nostr direct message infrastructure, allowing portable, persistent, and private storage of these tokens — the *Nutsax*. This mechanism augments the existing Nostr protocol without disrupting adoption, requiring no changes to NIP-01 for clients or relays that don’t opt into the system. ## Motivation Nostr relays currently have limited tools for abuse prevention and access control. Options like IP banning, whitelisting, or monetized access are coarse and often centralized. Nutsax introduces: - Fine-grained, **operation-specific access control** using cryptographic tokens. - **Blind signature protocols** to issue tokens anonymously, preserving user privacy. - A **native way to store and recover tokens** using Nostr’s encrypted event system. This allows relays to offer: - Optional access policies (e.g., “3 posts per hour unless you redeem a token”) - Paid or invite-based features (e.g., long-term subscriptions, advanced filters) - Temporary elevation of privileges (e.g., bypass slow mode for one message) All without requiring accounts, emails, or linking identity beyond the user’s `npub`. ## Core Components ### 1. Operation Tokens Tokens are blind-signed blobs issued by the relay, scoped to a specific **operation type** (e.g., `"write"`, `"filter-subscribe"`, `"broadcast"`). - **Issued anonymously**: using a blind signature protocol. - **Validated on redemption**: at message submission or interaction time. - **Optional and redeemable**: the relay decides when to enforce token redemption. Each token encodes: - Operation type (string) - Relay ID (to scope the token) - Expiration (optional) - Usage count or burn-on-use flag - Random nonce (blindness) Example (before blinding): ```json { "relay": "wss://relay.example", "operation": "write", "expires": 1720000000, "nonce": "b2a8c3..." } ``` This is then blinded and signed by the relay. ### 2. Token Redemption Clients include tokens when submitting events or requests to the relay. **Token included via event tag**: ```json ["token", "<base64-encoded-token>", "write"] ``` Redemption can happen: - **Inline with any event** (kind 1, etc.) - **As a standalone event** (e.g., ephemeral kind 20000) - **During session initiation** (optional AUTH extension) The relay validates the token: - Is it well-formed? - Is it valid for this relay and operation? - Is it unexpired? - Has it been used already? (for burn-on-use) If valid, the relay accepts the event or upgrades the rate/permission scope. ### 3. Nutsax: Private Token Storage on Nostr Tokens are stored securely in the client’s **Nutsax**, a persistent, private archive built on Nostr’s encrypted event system. Each token is stored in a **kind 4** or **kind 44/24** event, encrypted with the client’s own `npub`. Example: ```json { "kind": 4, "tags": [ ["p", "<your npub>"], ["token-type", "write"], ["relay", "wss://relay.example"] ], "content": "<encrypted token blob>", "created_at": 1234567890 } ``` This allows clients to: - Persist tokens across restarts or device changes. - Restore tokens after reinstalling or reauthenticating. - Port tokens between devices. All without exposing the tokens to the public or requiring external storage infrastructure. ## Client Lifecycle ### 1. Requesting Tokens - Client authenticates to relay (e.g., via NIP-42). - Requests blind-signed tokens: - Sends blinded token requests. - Receives blind signatures. - Unblinds and verifies. ### 2. Storing Tokens - Each token is encrypted to the user’s own `npub`. - Stored as a DM (kind 4 or compatible encrypted event). - Optional tagging for organization. ### 3. Redeeming Tokens - When performing a token-gated operation (e.g., posting to a limited relay), client includes the appropriate token in the event. - Relay validates and logs/consumes the token. ### 4. Restoring the Nutsax - On device reinstallation or session reset, the client: - Reconnects to relays. - Scans encrypted DMs. - Decrypts and reimports available tokens. ## Privacy Model - Relays issuing tokens **do not know** which tokens were redeemed (blind signing). - Tokens do not encode sender identity unless the client opts to do so. - Only the recipient (`npub`) can decrypt their Nutsax. - Redemption is pseudonymous — tied to a key, not to external identity. ## Optional Enhancements - **Token index tag**: to allow fast search and categorization. - **Multiple token types**: read, write, boost, subscribe, etc. - **Token delegation**: future support for transferring tokens via encrypted DM to another `npub`. - **Token revocation**: relays can publish blacklists or expiration feeds if needed. ## Compatibility - Fully compatible with NIP-01, NIP-04 (encrypted DMs), and NIP-42 (authentication). - Non-disruptive: relays and clients can ignore tokens if not supported. - Ideal for layering on top of existing infrastructure and monetization strategies. ## Conclusion **Nutsax** offers a privacy-respecting, decentralized way to manage access and rate limits in the Nostr ecosystem. With blind-signed, operation-specific tokens and encrypted, persistent storage using native Nostr mechanisms, it gives relays and clients new powers without sacrificing Nostr’s core principles: simplicity, openness, and cryptographic self-sovereignty.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Capitalism is the most effective system for scaling innovation. The pursuit of profit is an incredibly powerful human incentive. Most major improvements to human society and quality of life have resulted from this base incentive. Market competition often results in the best outcomes for all. That said, some projects can never be monetized. They are open in nature and a business model would centralize control. Open protocols like bitcoin and nostr are not owned by anyone and if they were it would destroy the key value propositions they provide. No single entity can or should control their use. Anyone can build on them without permission. As a result, open protocols must depend on donation based grant funding from the people and organizations that rely on them. This model works but it is slow and uncertain, a grind where sustainability is never fully reached but rather constantly sought. As someone who has been incredibly active in the open source grant funding space, I do not think people truly appreciate how difficult it is to raise charitable money and deploy it efficiently. Projects that can be monetized should be. Profitability is a super power. When a business can generate revenue, it taps into a self sustaining cycle. Profit fuels growth and development while providing projects independence and agency. This flywheel effect is why companies like Google, Amazon, and Apple have scaled to global dominance. The profit incentive aligns human effort with efficiency. Businesses must innovate, cut waste, and deliver value to survive. Contrast this with non monetized projects. Without profit, they lean on external support, which can dry up or shift with donor priorities. A profit driven model, on the other hand, is inherently leaner and more adaptable. It is not charity but survival. When survival is tied to delivering what people want, scale follows naturally. The real magic happens when profitable, sustainable businesses are built on top of open protocols and software. Consider the many startups building on open source software stacks, such as Start9, Mempool, and Primal, offering premium services on top of the open source software they build out and maintain. Think of companies like Block or Strike, which leverage bitcoin’s open protocol to offer their services on top. These businesses amplify the open software and protocols they build on, driving adoption and improvement at a pace donations alone could never match. When you combine open software and protocols with profit driven business the result are lean, sustainable companies that grow faster and serve more people than either could alone. Bitcoin’s network, for instance, benefits from businesses that profit off its existence, while nostr will expand as developers monetize apps built on the protocol. Capitalism scales best because competition results in efficiency. Donation funded protocols and software lay the groundwork, while market driven businesses build on top. The profit incentive acts as a filter, ensuring resources flow to what works, while open systems keep the playing field accessible, empowering users and builders. Together, they create a flywheel of innovation, growth, and global benefit.

@ 000002de:c05780a7

I sadly do not recall where I heard this but I'm amazed sometimes that I can have heard something like "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" so many times and a thought never occur to me. For some background, I was raised in the church and have read the Bible many times over my life. I usually read it each year so I'm very familiar with the text. When we read "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" in Exodus we often think of how terrible this sounds. But, in reality the principle here is that a just penalty should be in equal measure to the damage caused. In practice what we often see is escalation, not equality in response. Its incredibly destructive. Jesus in the sermon on the mount said, > “You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39 But I say to you, Do not resist the one who is evil. But if anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40 And if anyone would sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well. 41 And if anyone forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. 42 Give to the one who begs from you, and do not refuse the one who would borrow from you. > 43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust. 46 For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? 47 And if you greet only your brothers, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? 48 You therefore must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect. ~ Matthew 5:38-48 There is something powerful in understanding the original intent and what Jesus adds. These days it seems many Christians have forgotten this teaching and the results. The results were that Europe was converted to Christianity. There is incredible power in loving your enemies. And not returning evil with evil. @k00b's [post](https://stacker.news/items/925986) prompted me to write this. Edit: The other thing that prompted this is watching how people in the church are allowing politics to fuel their behavior in destructive ways. As Christians we should realize that politics is not the answer. Its Jesus. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/926101

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

L'Ampolla is a charming fishing village on the Costa Dorada, known for its pristine beaches, fresh seafood, and proximity to the Ebro Delta Natural Park. With a relaxed Mediterranean atmosphere, it’s an ideal destination for nature lovers, foodies, and beachgoers.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in L'Ampolla** ### **1️⃣ Beaches of L'Ampolla 🏝️** - **Platja de l'Arenal** – A long, shallow **sandy beach**, perfect for families. - **Platja Cap-Roig** – A stunning **cove with reddish cliffs and crystal-clear waters**. - **Platja dels Capellans** – A **quiet beach**, ideal for relaxation.  ### **2️⃣ Ebro Delta Natural Park 🌿** - A **UNESCO Biosphere Reserve** home to **wetlands, rice fields, and flamingos**. - Go **birdwatching, cycling, or take a boat tour** along the **Ebro River**. - Try **kayaking** through the peaceful waterways. ### **3️⃣ Coastal Hiking & Biking 🚶‍♂️🚴** - Follow the **GR-92 coastal trail** for breathtaking sea views. - Enjoy the **Camí de Ronda**, a scenic path linking L'Ampolla with nearby beaches.  ### **4️⃣ Fishing & Seafood Gastronomy 🎣🍽️** - Visit the **port** to see traditional fishing boats bring in the daily catch. - Enjoy **fresh oysters, mussels, and paella** in seaside restaurants. ### **5️⃣ Mirador de Bassa de les Olles 🌅** - A **beautiful viewpoint** with fantastic views of the **Ebro Delta lagoons**. - Best visited at **sunset** for a magical experience.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in L'Ampolla** - **Arròs negre** – Black rice with squid ink 🍚🦑 - **Fideuà** – A seafood noodle dish, similar to paella 🍤 - **Oysters & mussels from the Ebro Delta** 🦪 - **Anguila en suquet** – Eel stew, a local specialty 🐟 - **Crema Catalana** – A delicious caramelized custard dessert 🍮  ## **🚗 How to Get to L'Ampolla** 🚆 **By Train:** Direct trains from **Barcelona (2 hrs), Tarragona (1 hr), and Valencia (2.5 hrs)** 🚘 **By Car:** ~1.5 hrs from **Barcelona**, 45 min from **Tarragona** 🚌 **By Bus:** Regional buses connect L'Ampolla with **Tarragona and Tortosa** ✈️ **By Air:** Closest airports – **Reus (REU, 70 km) and Barcelona-El Prat (BCN, 150 km)**  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting L'Ampolla** ✅ **Best time to visit?** Spring and summer for the best weather ☀️ ✅ **Try local seafood** – Some of the best in Catalonia 🍽️ ✅ **Visit the Ebro Delta early** – Fewer crowds and better wildlife spotting 🦩 ✅ **Rent a bike** – The best way to explore the coastal and natural areas 🚲

@ 6b3780ef:221416c8

This workshop will guide you through exploring the concepts behind MCP servers and how to deploy them as DVMs in Nostr using DVMCP. By the end, you'll understand how these systems work together and be able to create your own deployments. ## Understanding MCP Systems MCP (Model Context Protocol) systems consist of two main components that work together: 1. **MCP Server**: The heart of the system that exposes tools, which you can access via the `.listTools()` method. 2. **MCP Client**: The interface that connects to the MCP server and lets you use the tools it offers. These servers and clients can communicate using different transport methods: - **Standard I/O (stdio)**: A simple local connection method when your server and client are on the same machine. - **Server-Sent Events (SSE)**: Uses HTTP to create a communication channel. For this workshop, we'll use stdio to deploy our server. DVMCP will act as a bridge, connecting to your MCP server as an MCP client, and exposing its tools as a DVM that anyone can call from Nostr. ## Creating (or Finding) an MCP Server Building an MCP server is simpler than you might think: 1. Create software in any programming language you're comfortable with. 2. Add an MCP library to expose your server's MCP interface. 3. Create an API that wraps around your software's functionality. Once your server is ready, an MCP client can connect, for example, with `bun index.js`, and then call `.listTools()` to discover what your server can do. This pattern, known as reflection, makes Nostr DVMs and MCP a perfect match since both use JSON, and DVMs can announce and call tools, effectively becoming an MCP proxy. Alternatively, you can use one of the many existing MCP servers available in various repositories. For more information about mcp and how to build mcp servers you can visit https://modelcontextprotocol.io/ ## Setting Up the Workshop Let's get hands-on: First, to follow this workshop you will need Bun. Install it from https://bun.sh/. For Linux and macOS, you can use the installation script: ``` curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash ``` 1. **Choose your MCP server**: You can either create one or use an existing one. 2. **Inspect your server** using the MCP inspector tool: ```bash npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector build/index.js arg1 arg2 ``` This will: - Launch a client UI (default: http://localhost:5173) - Start an MCP proxy server (default: port 3000) - Pass any additional arguments directly to your server 3. **Use the inspector**: Open the client UI in your browser to connect with your server, list available tools, and test its functionality. ## Deploying with DVMCP Now for the exciting part – making your MCP server available to everyone on Nostr: 1. Navigate to your MCP server directory. 2. Run without installing (quickest way): ``` npx @dvmcp/bridge ``` 3. Or install globally for regular use: ``` npm install -g @dvmcp/bridge # or bun install -g @dvmcp/bridge ``` Then run using: ```bash dvmcp-bridge ``` This will guide you through creating the necessary configuration. Watch the console logs to confirm successful setup – you'll see your public key and process information, or any issues that need addressing. For the configuration, you can set the relay as `wss://relay.dvmcp.fun` , or use any other of your preference ## Testing and Integration 1. **Visit [dvmcp.fun](https://dvmcp.fun)** to see your DVM announcement. 2. Call your tools and watch the responses come back. For production use, consider running dvmcp-bridge as a system service or creating a container for greater reliability and uptime. ## Integrating with LLM Clients You can also integrate your DVMCP deployment with LLM clients using the discovery package: 1. Install and use the `@dvmcp/discovery` package: ```bash npx @dvmcp/discovery ``` 2. This package acts as an MCP server for your LLM system by: - Connecting to configured Nostr relays - Discovering tools from DVMCP servers - Making them available to your LLM applications 3. Connect to specific servers or providers using these flags: ```bash # Connect to all DVMCP servers from a provider npx @dvmcp/discovery --provider npub1... # Connect to a specific DVMCP server npx @dvmcp/discovery --server naddr1... ``` Using these flags, you wouldn't need a configuration file. You can find these commands and Claude desktop configuration already prepared for copy and paste at [dvmcp.fun](https://dvmcp.fun). This feature lets you connect to any DVMCP server using Nostr and integrate it into your client, either as a DVM or in LLM-powered applications. ## Final thoughts If you've followed this workshop, you now have an MCP server deployed as a Nostr DVM. This means that local resources from the system where the MCP server is running can be accessed through Nostr in a decentralized manner. This capability is powerful and opens up numerous possibilities and opportunities for fun. You can use this setup for various use cases, including in a controlled/local environment. For instance, you can deploy a relay in your local network that's only accessible within it, exposing all your local MCP servers to anyone connected to the network. This setup can act as a hub for communication between different systems, which could be particularly interesting for applications in home automation or other fields. The potential applications are limitless. However, it's important to keep in mind that there are security concerns when exposing local resources publicly. You should be mindful of these risks and prioritize security when creating and deploying your MCP servers on Nostr. Finally, these are new ideas, and the software is still under development. If you have any feedback, please refer to the GitHub repository to report issues or collaborate. DVMCP also has a Signal group you can join. Additionally, you can engage with the community on Nostr using the #dvmcp hashtag. ## Useful Resources - **Official Documentation**: - Model Context Protocol: [modelcontextprotocol.org](https://modelcontextprotocol.org) - DVMCP.fun: [dvmcp.fun](https://dvmcp.fun) - **Source Code and Development**: - DVMCP: [github.com/gzuuus/dvmcp](https://github.com/gzuuus/dvmcp) - DVMCP.fun: [github.com/gzuuus/dvmcpfun](https://github.com/gzuuus/dvmcpfun) - **MCP Servers and Clients**: - Smithery AI: [smithery.ai](https://smithery.ai) - MCP.so: [mcp.so](https://mcp.so) - Glama AI MCP Servers: [glama.ai/mcp/servers](https://glama.ai/mcp/servers) - [Signal group](https://signal.group/#CjQKIOgvfFJf8ZFZ1SsMx7teFqNF73sZ9Elaj_v5i6RSjDHmEhA5v69L4_l2dhQfwAm2SFGD) Happy building!

@ 000002de:c05780a7

Over the past few years I've noticed more people using the [political compass](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Political_Compass) to compare where different movements and people fall in comparison to each other.  For many years I have found the left / right evaluation of politics less and less useful. Mostly because it really doesn't account for authoritarianism and other factors such as economics. I'm not sure the political compass is great but it seems better to me. Have you looked into it? Any issues you've found? Mostly curious what others think about it. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/925938

@ b12e2899:ed9d9c8b

I have completely switched to Nostr and today am going to share my experience, which may be useful to those of you who want to launch a bot on a social network and encounters censorship. The thing is Nostr is ideal for this, but first things first: It all started when I suddenly woke up to see my twitter bot [@cryptoratingbot](https://x.com/cryptoratingbot) suspended without any explanation. I contacted support, but they apparently considered my case too insignificant to even respond. The goal of my bot was to attract users and provide free tools like [charts.xport.top](https://charts.xport.top/), [tickerbell.xport.top](https://tickerbell.xport.top/) and few others that you can find out about in my previous publications. It worked, and accumulated all in all around 60k engagement a year. Silly, right? You can do this in two days doing it the right way. But I was in no hurry. Overall I gained 10 new users per day and that was enough for me to begin with since I wasn’t prepared for the big wave of users. But that is not the topic for today. I can tell you more about this later on, if you are interested click like and subscribe. I was planning to buy a premium, but then twitter suspended my bot which actually didn’t do anything bad if you think about it. Furthermore, it was useful, otherwise why would people use it and like its tweets. Anyway, this ruined my plans and forced me to think about switching to Nostr. Today I can tell that it was definitely worth it! I haven’t lost anything, except time and overall gained from it! But I won’t say too much, so as not to bore you. However, this context is important for a better understanding of my situation. There are much more details and if you have any questions, feel free to ask, I will try to answer everyone. Hard to believe, but these things can help you make money from buying cryptocurrency on the bottoms in a right time just when it starts trading, if you understand what you’re doing. That’s not easy. Maybe I will share some thoughts later on, until then you may find more info in my previous articles. In fact, I decided to write this because for the first time since I was introduced to Nostr I finally tried proof-of-work([nip-13](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/13.md) pow) myself and I love it! I see such a thing for the first time on a social media. No moderation or censorship measures are needed. After all, if you are ready to burn resources to publish events, then it is definitely not a spam. And that’s the beauty of it! I’ve picked 7 relays to try and publish 5000+ events that my previous version collected from top 12 cryptocurrency exchanges. Two relays rejected those events after some time, most likely because as always I have forgot to add something crucial — nonce tag, to help relays understand I am using pow. I thought it would add it itself, but seemes that it wouldn’t. What a shame! However, other 5 relays are ok with that! Maybe because I wasn’t publishing events too often, I don’t know, but anyway the more freedom the more I love it! And if you want find more about relays you can use use [nostrwat.ch](https://nostrwat.ch/) which is the greatest resource for finding the best relays to use. While I was writing this article, another few relays dropped connections, but that’s fine, I have selected 7 relays out of about 700 active online. This is how my server statistics looks like:    So, besides everything else, I also checked [Netcup root server G11](https://www.netcup.com/en/server/root-server) stats. In my opinion, this is the best of all that I have ever dealt with. And this is not an advertisement, no. I found this company on my own, just watching how Nostr relays works in terms of price/quality, so this is my personal recommendation. But if you think you know better root server solutions please let me know in the comment below. The only disadvantage I have encountered is you can wait for their support for few days to answer, but that’s ok if you know what you’re doing. I have no problem with this. I try to be careful and there were no problems for two months since I ordered it and use it on the daily basis. In short, this is my journey. Don’t scold me for this. It’s just that I’ve been saving all this up for a long time, and today I realized that I simply have to tell you about it! Thank you all and see you soon! Cheers 🍻 

@ ff517fbf:fde1561b

> フアン・ラモン・ラッロ氏は、スペイン出身の経済学者・作家であり、自由市場経済とリベラルな思想の提唱者として知られています。彼は、国家による過剰な介入や財政政策の問題点を鋭く分析し、自由主義の基本原則に基づく社会の実現を目指す論考や著作を多数発表しています。数多くのメディアや学会で講演を行い、現代社会における経済政策や公共の役割について、国際的な議論にも影響を与えている人物です。 ---  皆様、こんばんは。そして、Andorra Economic Forumの皆様、本日はご招待いただき誠にありがとうございます。 本日の講演では、これまで私が持ち続けてきた見解、すなわち、より自由で、より繁栄するために、スペイン及び世界において自由主義革命がなぜ必要であり、さらには急務であるのかという理由をお伝えしたいと思います。また、現代国家が、ストックホルム症候群のような論理に我々を陥れており、その結果、国家が我々の自由を体系的に制限し、財産を構造的に攻撃している状況を、ほとんどの人々が抗議もせず、またはその非常事態性すら意識していないという現実をどのように理解すべきかについても触れます。 まず初めに、皆様のご反応から察するに、これは既知の内容に感じられるかもしれませんが、自由主義の基本原則、すなわち四つの基本的な考えを確認させていただきます。どのようにして、社会生活と、各個人が自らの人生計画を追求するための自律性とを両立させ、かつ、個々の自律性が打ち消されるような一個または多数の専制に服従することなく生きることができる社会が成立するのでしょうか？　それは、協力と共存が可能な社会の中で、各人が自己の利益を追求し、同時に他者の利益追求を尊重するための基本原則、すなわち以下の四つの原則によって支えられているのです。 第一に、個人の自由、すなわち他者の行動を踏みにじることなく自ら行動するという、いわゆる非攻撃の原則です。自分が望むことは何でもできますが、他者が望むことをするのを妨げてはならず、また、他者があなたの望むことを妨げることも許されないのです。 第二に、私有財産です。平和的に獲得し、平和的に自らのものとしたものはあなたのものであり、それによって自由に行動し、自らの人生計画や行動計画を追求する手段となります。もしも、これらの計画遂行に必要な手段が恣意的に奪われるならば、それはあなたの個人の自由、すなわち自らの人生計画を追求する自由を侵害することになるのです。 第三に、契約の自律性です。あなたは第三者と自由に合意を結ぶことができます。もちろん、第三者を攻撃することは許されませんが、双方が望むことについて自発的に合意することは可能です。合意は、当事者間の私法上の契約であり、両者が履行すべき約束であり、第三者が介入してこれを正当化したり否定したりするものではありません。ただし、合意の内容は、あくまで当事者双方やその所有物にのみ影響を及ぼすものです。 そして最後に、広義の意味での結社の自由です。個人は、契約上、望むことについて合意するだけでなく、共に生活する方法や、ある程度安定した形で組織される方法を合意することも明示的に可能です。これらの原則は、しばしば国家によって保証されると言われます。なぜなら、国家がなければ、法体系も安全保障機関も存在せず、個人の自由、私有財産、契約の履行、そして結社の自由を保障するものが何もないと思われがちだからです。とはいえ、確かにある程度の国家は、警察国家としてこれらの基本的な社会的共存の規範を保証するために必要かもしれませんが、私たちが必要としているのは、単にこれらの自由主義社会の原則と自由な人々の相互作用が尊重されることを確保するための、巨大かつ過剰な国家ではありません。 実際、国家が大きくなるほど、つまり社会における国家の存在感が増すほど、これらの原則は侵害されがちです。なぜなら、国家は恣意的に規制を強化し、税金を引き上げることで、たとえ他者に損害を与えなくとも、個人が望むように行動する自由を阻み、また、私有財産を強制的に奪い、当事者間の取引を妨げ、さらには、結社および脱会の自由さえも制限してしまうからです。たとえば、誰かが既存の国家から離れ、他の国家に参加したり、あるいは新たな国家や政治共同体を形成して自らを組織しようとした場合でさえ、現行の国家はそれを認めないのです。 さて、これらの自由主義の基本原則は、各個人の計画や人生のプロジェクトが社会の中で花開くために必要不可欠なものであり、現代国家によって体系的に侵害されているのです。しかし、現代国家とは、必ずしも常に我々と共にあった国家ではありません。私たちは、今日のようなメガ国家、ハイパーステート、過剰に肥大化した国家をある程度は当たり前のものとして受け入れてしまっていますが、これらは唯一の政治的選択肢ではなく、歴史を通じて存在してきた唯一の政治現実でもないのです。 ここで、主要な西洋諸国における国家の社会に占める重みの変遷について、皆様にご覧いただければと思います。今日、国家の重みは国によって大きな違いはないものの、概ね国内総生産（GDP）の40〜50％を占めています。中には、例えばフランスのようにGDPの60％に達する国もあります。国家が社会的調和や幸福の保証とされることは稀であり、実際、フランスは世界最大の国家を有しながら、またはそのために、今最も分断され混沌とした国の一つとなっています。 しかし、現状、国家はGDPの40〜50％、すなわち社会が毎年生み出す生産の約半分を吸収し、再分配または政治層や官僚階級が決定した形で消費しているのです。これは常にそうであったわけではありません。19世紀、ひいては第一次世界大戦前までは、近代先進国における国家の経済的重みはGDPの5〜10％程度に過ぎなかったのです。 例えば、アメリカ合衆国では第一次世界大戦前、国家のGDPに占める割合は3〜4％でしたし、今日巨大な社会民主主義国家となっているスウェーデンでさえ、かつてはGDPの5％程度でした。すなわち、国家というものが必然的に経済の半分を占めなければならないというわけではなく、これは徐々に積み重ねられてきたプロセス、いわばゆっくりと沸騰させられるカエルのようなものです。第一次世界大戦後、国家の経済に対する重みは大幅かつ確固たる上昇を見せ、さらに第二次世界大戦後には、急激かつ持続的な上昇を経て、1970年代以降、現在の水準にまで達したのです。 ちなみに、ここで我々がしばしば耳にする「国家が後退しているから、我々は新自由主義の時代にいる」というレトリックが、いかに毒性がありずる賢いものであるかにも注目してください。過去40年間で、グラフ上に国家の重みが大幅に後退したと示す兆候は見当たりません。ある時点で国家のGDPに占める割合が1〜2％減少することがあったとしても、200年の間にGDPの5％から50％へと増加し、現在は概ね50％前後に留まっているのです。国家が後退し、民間部門がすべてを占めるようになっている、というのは全く逆の現象です。 実際、多くの人は、国家が拡大し続けるのが当然であり、もし急速な成長が見られなければ、国家は後退していると考えがちです。しかし、国家は既にそれ以上大きく成長する余地がほとんどないのです。もちろん、GDPの60％、70％、80％にまで達すれば、直接的または間接的な社会主義経済になってしまいます。 そして、なぜ国家はこれほどまでに成長したのでしょうか。急激な国家拡大を説明する基本的な要因の一つは、福祉国家の発展です。つまり、かつては国家が提供していた医療、社会保障（年金、事故保険など）や教育といったサービスの国家による提供が、福祉国家として大きく発展したのです。 ご覧の通り、1930年代や第二次世界大戦後までは社会保障費は非常に低い水準にありましたが、特に第二次世界大戦後からは、GDPの20〜30％にまで急上昇しました。これらはかつて、市民社会や市場を通じ、または必ずしも商業的な交換を介して提供されていた、労働組合などが担っていた社会保障の役割を、国家が吸収していったものです。労働組合は国家から独立し、時には国家に対抗しながら、社会保障の機能を果たしていたのですが、その役割が国家に吸収されることで、我々は国家に依存するようになってしまったのです。 なぜなら、社会保障費は支出であり、中には「依存費用」とも呼ばれるものもあります。たとえば、老後に収入がなくなった時や、何らかの障害によって収入が得られなくなった時のために、個人の貯蓄から基金を積み立てる場合、その基金が自分自身で管理されるなら自律的ですが、国家が管理すれば、私たちは国家に全く依存することになってしまうのです。国家が消滅するか、大幅な予算削減が行われれば、我々は何も残らないのです。結果として、国民は容易には消えない国家の爪痕に囚われることになるのです。公共年金制度の問題を考えてみてください。現代の先進国家において、公共年金制度は最も大きな支出項目の一つです。 では、どうすれば公共年金制度を解体できるのでしょうか。どうすれば、必要以上に介入してきた国家、例えばアメリカ合衆国では大恐慌期（1930年代）に、必要がなかったのに介入してきた国家を、その状況から脱却させることができるのでしょうか。設立当初は、ある一定の年齢に達した者には一定額の年金を支給すると約束し、その費用を現在働いている者への税負担によって賄うというシステムでした。 システムの構築は、当時の平均寿命がかなり低く、支給期間が2～3年程度であったため、比較的容易で安価に行われたのですが、システムが一度確立され、世代を超えた労働者の貯蓄能力を事実上奪う形で構築された今、どうやってそれを解体すればよいのでしょうか。もし「年金は支給されなくなるのか」と言えば、かつて生産期に労働者の給与のかなりの部分を国家が吸収し、貯蓄を阻害していた結果、何百万人もの人々が貧困に陥ることになるのです。 じゃあ、もう引退されている皆さんは年金を受け取ることになりますが、現役世代がその年金の費用を負担し、そして自分たちが引退する時には年金を受け取ることができなくなるのです。つまり、この世代からは何の対価もなく、給与のごく大部分が没収されることになるというわけです。これをどうやって解体するつもりですか？　決して容易なことではありません。 また、例えば医療制度についても同様です。若者にとっては医療制度の解体はそれほど難しくないように見えるかもしれませんが、貯蓄がなく、保険にも加入していない高齢者にとって、もし今、公共医療制度が終了し、年齢とともに医療費が指数関数的に上昇するために通常以上の医療費が発生すると告げられたら、彼らはその医療費にどう対処すればよいのでしょうか？　彼らは、公共医療制度が機能するという説明のもとに、その医療費が賄われると予め想定し、税金を支払っていたのです。 これをどう逆転させるか？　もちろん、即座に行えることではありませんが、時間をかけた移行措置として行っていかなければなりません。だからこそ、国家はこの道を通じて成長し続け、社会がますます国家による再分配に依存するようになることで、国民の自律性を奪っていくのです。 ちなみに、現代福祉国家の発明者の一人であるのは、プロイセン出身のドイツの首相オットー・フォン・ビスマルクです。彼の回顧録――つまり、批判的ではない親しい記者によって書かれた回顧録――によれば、ビスマルクは、公共年金制度を創設することで労働者階級を国家に依存させ、労働者が国家に対して反抗しないように仕向けたと説明しています。当時、反抗は、いわば反資本主義的な行為とみなされていたのです。彼は、国家主義を維持するためではなく、「労働者には社会主義的傾向がある。では、どうすれば労働者を手なずけることができるのか？」という視点から、公共年金制度を利用したのです。同様に、労働者は公共年金制度を通じて、または国家に対抗する形で手なずけられるのです。そして、現状はこの通りになっています。 そこで、皆さんは疑問に思うかもしれません。この何世代にもわたって築かれてきた巨大国家は、具体的にどのような機能を果たしているのでしょうか？　その資金はどこに行っているのか？　この巨大国家は何に対して支出をしているのか？　ここに、2022年の欧州連合各国の平均、すなわちGDPの50％という数字があります。スペインの場合も2022年時点で大きな差はなく、GDPの47％を支出しているため、概ね代表的な数値といえます。さて、この50％のうちの20％は社会保障費、主に年金費用（老後だけでなく、遺族、障害、孤児などに関する給付も含む）です。これに加え、比較的低コストな非拠出型給付も存在します。次に、スペインの場合は約7.7％、すなわち7〜8％が医療費、6％が官僚機構の運営費用、そして何よりも重要なのが公債の利子支払い費用です。さらに6％は経済政策に充てられ、例えばインフラ整備や農業支援などが含まれています。教育に関しては、公立教育や協定校を含めて約4.7％、環境保護は0.8％（これは必ずしも気候政策だけでなく、森林の管理なども含む）、住宅や地域サービスが1％、そして余暇、文化、宗教に関しては1.1％となっています。これらは、メディアや文化、宗教団体への補助金などとして支出されています。 かつて、リベラルな最小国家、例えばアメリカではGDPの3％程度であった国家がありました。なぜなら、当時は上記のような広範な機能を持たず、防衛（GDPの1.3％）と治安・司法（GDPの1.7％）に集中していたからです。つまり、19世紀にGDPの3％を占めていた国家が、現在もその核となる部分は同じ3％のままであるということです。国家が高価になったわけではなく、19世紀に存在した国家のコストは大体同じであったにもかかわらず、現代国家は19世紀よりもはるかに多くの機能を担っているため、多くの税金が必要とされているのです。もちろん、すべては税金で賄われています。 では、いったいどれだけの税金が支払われているのでしょうか。ここでは、国民が被っている税負担の実態について十分に認識されていないのではないかと思います。もしその実態が明らかになれば、社会的不服従が起こるでしょう。国家は、税の実感を曖昧にするための手段を多数用いているのです。例えば、さまざまな理由で税金を徴収する仕組みです。「この項目に対して税金を払え」と一律に要求するのではなく、「稼いだ金額、支出、保有資産、さらには支出全体に対して税金を課す」といった形で、複数の種類の税金を同時に適用します。消費全体に対して一律に税金を課すのではなく、付加価値税（IVA）やその他の特別税など、多岐にわたる特別な税金が存在し、相続税に至るまで多岐に渡ります。 さらに、我々はさまざまな側面で税金を支払っているにもかかわらず、その実感すら持っていないこともあります。たとえば、関税はその値上がり分を商品の価格に転嫁されるため、意識されにくいのです。付加価値税が上がっても、スーパーなどが告知しない限り、私たちはその上昇に気づきにくいのです。また、税負担を一度にまとめて徴収するのではなく、分散して給与から差し引くことで、その実感を薄めています。かつては、年間に稼いだ金額に対して一括で所得税（IRPF）を支払うのが普通でしたが、現代では分割して徴収されるため、納税者は自分がどれだけの税金を支払っているのかを実感しにくいのです。ちなみに、IRPFの源泉徴収制度は、第二次世界大戦中にリベラルのミルトン・フリードマンによって考案されたものです。つまり、敵はしばしば自国に潜むものでもあるということです。 ここで示したのは、平均的な支出額です。スペイン国家のすべての財政収入を国民または労働者で割ると、国民一人あたりの国家負担のおおよそのコストが見えてきます。実際には公共赤字、すなわち収入以上に支出している部分もあり、その分は将来の税負担として転嫁されるため、実際のコストはさらに大きくなります。ここでは、現状で国民から徴収されている税金のみを取り上げています。なお、これらの数字はインフレーションを考慮していないため、2001年と2024年の数字を直接比較することはできませんが、ここでは2024年現在の状況に焦点を当てています。現在、平均してスペイン国民一人あたり、約15,000ユーロの税負担がかかっているのです。つまり、一般的には夫婦と子供一人の家庭で約50,000ユーロの税金が支払われている計算になります。労働者という視点に立てば、実際に税金を支払っているのは、平均で30,000ユーロ以上にのぼります。もちろん、高所得者層が多くを負担しているという見方もありますが、これは平均値であり、平均値は必ずしも実態を正確に反映するものではありません。 さて、労働者一人あたりの支払いを、かなり寛大な見積もりで考えてみましょう。スペインにおける現在の中央値の給与は22,400ユーロです。しかし、この22,400ユーロという数字が給与明細に反映される前に、企業側がすでに支払っている社会保険料が約7,000ユーロ存在しています。つまり、実際の中央値の給与は29,000ユーロ、ほぼ30,000ユーロであるべきものですが、この30,000ユーロは労働者自身が実感できるものではありません。そして、たとえ「実際は自分のものである」と伝えても、「それは企業が支払っているものであって、自分が支払っているわけではない」と言われ、自己欺瞞に陥るのです。結局のところ、実際に支払っているのは自分自身なのです。 実際、30,000ユーロの実質報酬を基にすると、そこから7,000ユーロが差し引かれて、給与明細に表示されるのは22,400ユーロです。さらに、労働者側の社会保険料として約1,500ユーロを追加で支払い、所得税（IRPF）が約3,000ユーロ、さらに消費に応じた間接税が最低でも約2,000ユーロ（場合によってはそれ以上）かかります。さらに、ここでは取り上げていない他の国家への支払い、たとえば不動産税（IBI）やサービス料、共済負担金なども存在します。結果として、中央値の労働者は、本来約30,000ユーロあるべき給与のうち、税引き後に手元に残るのは約15,800ユーロに過ぎないのです。つまり、ほぼその半分が国家によって吸収されていることになります。年間で見ると、さまざまな税金、特に社会保険料、所得税、そして間接税として、合計約13,400ユーロが徴収されているのです。 このように、中央値の労働者は、所得分布の中央に位置しており、非常に多くの人々が彼より少なく、また多く稼いでいる人もいます。だからこそ、中央値の労働者が支払っている税負担、すなわち年間約13,400ユーロという数字は、スペイン国民に対して行われている極めて大規模な税負担の実態を物語っています。これにより、国家から提供されるサービスが強制的に受け入れられているのです。 果たして、これは必然なのでしょうか？　歴史的に見れば必ずしもそうではなく、また現代においても地域によって差があります。つまり、労働者が生み出す富の半分以上を国家が吸収するという、巨大な国家が当然であるという考え方は、今後も続くものではありません。ここには、異なる繁栄度を持つ国々が存在し、一般的に発展した国々であっても、欧州やアメリカのような国家に比べ、国家の規模はかなり小さく抑えられている国もあります。しばしば「スペインの国家規模は欧州平均より小さい」と言われますが、欧州平均自体が、プロの略奪者たちのクラブのようなものなのです。従って、欧州平均という水準と比較するのではなく、もっと控えめな国家規模を持つ国々や、税負担の貪欲さが制限された国々と比較すべきです。 例えば、ヨーロッパ内ではスイスがあります。偶然かどうかはさておき、スイスはヨーロッパで最も豊かな国の一つでありながら、国家のGDPに占める割合は33％と、欧州やアメリカに比べて10〜15ポイント低いのです。また、香港や韓国はGDPの28％、チリはこの分類の中では最も貧しいかもしれませんが約26％、台湾は16％、そして世界で最も豊かな国であるシンガポールは15％です。シンガポールや台湾は、国家がGDPの15〜16％という小規模な状態で十分に現代社会の機能を果たしているのです。もちろん、シンガポールの場合は都市国家であるため、経済規模のメリットもあるでしょうが、公共支出の大部分が社会保障に回っている現状を鑑みると、都市規模か大国家かは大した違いがないのです。むしろ、シンガポールや台湾のように、GDPに対して国家の規模が30ポイントも低い国の方が、国家による私有財産の侵害が少ないと言えます。 したがって、もし大規模な国家による大規模な略奪を回避でき、しかも機能的には他の国と同等以上に運営できるのであれば、当然、より少ない税負担で、なおかつより効率的な公共サービスを提供する国家の方が望ましいのです。実際、国家が何でもかんでも行おうとすれば、その多くは非効率にならざるを得ません。一方で、企業がすべてを行おうとしても、専門分野に特化した他の企業に競争で敗れるため、最終的には消費者がより良いサービスを選ぶことになるのです。問題は、国家の場合、国民が国家から自由に離脱し、同じサービスを提供する他の組織と契約する余地がないという点にあります。国民は、非常に非効率かつ高コストな国家サービスに縛られており、選択の余地がないのです。したがって、もし小規模で効率的な国家が存在すれば、それは大規模で税負担の重い国家よりも好まれるはずです。 そして、もし国家が回収するGDPの割合が30ポイントも大きいのであれば、それは明らかに国民の私有財産を暴力的に侵害していると言わざるを得ません。ですから、もし国家による大規模な略奪を回避し、かつ他国と同等以上の機能を果たすことが可能であれば、国家は少なくとも縮小されるべきです。なぜなら、そうした国家は国民にとって好都合であるだけでなく、公共サービスの質も向上し、効率的に運営されるからです。結局のところ、すべては国家ではなく、国家に寄生する巨大な官僚組織の福祉が優先されているのです。 もし、あなたの社会にこれほど大きく根付いた寄生虫が存在するならば、その寄生虫は当然、去ろうとはしません。むしろ、さらに大きな植民地を形成しようとするでしょう。これが、国家が成長し続ける理由であり、そして、血を吸い上げるこの寄生虫と戦う必要性が生じる所以なのです。 別のシナリオを考えてみましょう。つまり、現代社会における国家の規模を実質的に縮小するという仮定を立て、その実現可能性や現実味について見極めるためです。これまでに、ヨーロッパにおける現代国家の重みがGDPの50％に達していること、その内訳を示してきました。さて、かつての状況を想像してみてください。あの時代は、科学フィクションのようなことは必要なく、医療はゼロ、経済政策も実質ゼロで、民間部門が構築できないインフラだけが、もしあれば驚くほど僅か、GDPの1％程度だったのです。教育はゼロ、防衛と公共秩序は維持されるものの、余暇・文化・宗教への補助金はゼロでした。地域サービスや環境保護に関しては、下水道、街路灯、森林の維持管理など必要な分は残され、官僚組織も非常に大幅に縮小され、社会保障も一部のみが残されていました。 さて、しばしば「国家は富裕層からお金を奪い、貧困層へ再分配するために存在する」と言われますが、実際、社会保障はGDPの20％に相当します。ここで、極端な貧困を防止するために本当に必要な支出額を計算してみましょう。そうすれば、皆さんも、このGDPの20％は貧困撲滅のためのものではなく、むしろ国家が横方向の所得再分配システムを通じて国民を捕らえ続けるためのものであると気づくでしょう。すなわち、国家はあなたからお金を取り、そのお金を自らの利益や必要に応じて配分するために、あなたと国家の間に割り込むのです。バストス教授が正しく指摘しているように、その所得の移動は、富裕層から貧困層へ、またはその逆ではなく、すべての人々から国家へ向かっているのです。そして国家は、その所得を自らの利益や必要に従って再分配することを決定します。 では、先ほど示したような形で国家の各機能を大幅に縮小した場合、結果として国家はGDPの9～10％程度の規模となり、現状よりも30～40ポイント、つまり約80％縮小された国家になるでしょう。防衛費、治安費は現状と同等に維持される（ただし、治安費については内部の官僚機構によっても左右されるため、この点はまた別の議論になります。たとえば、スペインはヨーロッパで国民一人あたりの治安部隊職員数が最も多い国ですが、本当にそれだけ必要なのかはまた別問題です）。安全保障費がGDPの1.7％、防衛費が1.3％、官僚組織が1％、地域サービスや環境保護が1％、民間部門ではまかなえないインフラがさらに1％、そして社会保障が3％という具合です。現在、社会保障としてGDPの3％、すなわち450億ユーロが支出されています。これは、450億ユーロの社会保障費を、例えば4.5百万人（スペイン人口のおよそ10％）に対して年間1人あたり1万ユーロずつ支給するか、あるいは300万人に対して1万5千ユーロずつ支給するということになります。繁栄した社会において、極端な無助状態に陥る国民の割合はどれほどか、という問題です。彼らは、生命保険、障害保険、個人貯蓄すら持たず、福祉国家が生まれる前に存在したボランティアや民間の相互扶助ネットワークさえも利用できなかった層です。これらを踏まえた上で、絶対的な無助状態に陥り、国家からの継続的な支援を必要とする国民の割合がたとえば5～10％だとすれば、実際に必要な支出はGDPの3～4％程度で十分にカバーできるはずです。しかし、現実には我々は社会保障にGDPの20％を費やしているのです。 明らかに、このGDPの20％は、富裕層から少しだけ富を奪って、巨大な貧困層を作らないためのものではありません。驚くべきことに、国家がGDPの50％を占めるにもかかわらず、貧困層は依然として存在しているのです。さらに、貧困を解消するための手段として、まず第一に、依存性を生む補助金を設けるべきではありません。しかし、現実には、経済活動が全くできず、自己の貯蓄や家族の支援、民間の相互扶助ネットワーク、そして最終的には国家に依存せざるを得ない層が一定割合存在します。しかし、そのようなケースはGDPの3％程度の支出で十分にカバーされるはずなのです。 さて、国家の規模を縮小した場合、たとえばGDPの50％から10％にまで削減できると仮定しましょう。これは約80％の削減に相当します。先に述べたように、中央値の労働者は現在、年間約13,500ユーロの税金を負担しています。この80％の削減が実現すれば、労働者の可処分所得は、国家が提供する各種サービスに充てるための支出分が年間1人あたり1万～1万1千ユーロ増加することになります。家庭内で中央値の労働者が2人いる場合、2万～2万2千ユーロの追加収入となるでしょう。この追加収入があれば、教育費、医療費、年金のための貯蓄など、国家が現在負担させているコストを自前でまかなうことが可能になるはずです。実際、多くのスペインの労働者は、国家の劣悪なサービスから逃れるため、民間の医療や教育、そして補完的な年金積立を実施しているのです。特に、公共教育は、学生の生産性向上よりも、国家のイデオロギーを植え付けることに重きを置いている場合が多いのです。 また、この話は、GDPの3％相当の再分配、すなわち450億ユーロ分が、現実的に考えても国民の基礎的な生活を支えるには十分であるという観点からも論じられます。現行の過剰な収用体制に対して、もし国家規模が大幅に縮小されるならば、労働者にとって有利な状況が実現するはずです。 さて、ここまでの議論から、もし国家主義のウイルスが社会の頭脳や利権に深く根付っている現状において、現状が最適でないと理解したとしても、移行のコストの高さゆえに多くの人々が現状から変わることを望まないという現実があるのです。たとえば、公共年金制度の解体は非常に困難です。年金受給者は「こんな不公平な体制であっても、自分の年金を受け取りたい。自分自身の貯蓄がなくなるリスクを冒したくはない」と考えるでしょう。 では、この国家――明らかに国家とその官僚機構に有利なこのモデル――から脱却するために、すなわち、表向きは国民のために存在するようでいて、実際には社会を寄生しているこの体制から逃れるためには、どのような手段が考えられるでしょうか。ここで、国家改革またはハイパーステートのパラサイト化に対抗するための、四つの可能なアプローチについて述べます。 第一のアプローチは、トップダウン型の方法です。すなわち、自由主義的な理念を掲げた善意の政治家が権力の座につき、内部からリベラル革命を起こそうとするというものです。しかし、私はこの方法は、次に述べるボトムアップ型の文化戦線と併せなければ、全体として非常に単純で実現不可能だと考えます。なぜなら、社会の大多数が国家改革を望まなければ、その改革は十分な勢いを持って実施されることは決してないからです。多くの改革は長期的な取り組みであり、一夜にして実現できるものではありません。一度実行された改革が元に戻らないようにするには、最低でも二世代を要するのです。もし社会がその方向に向かわなければ、いつかまた別の人物が権力に就いて、国民の大多数が望まない体制を再び打ち壊してしまうでしょう。例えば、チリの年金制度の民営化は、ピノチェト政権下の1981年に始まり、数年前に旧公共年金制度が完全に清算されました。しかし、その後、旧体制に戻そうとする動きが見られるのです。なお、チリは当時、非常に若い労働人口と限られた高齢人口という、改革に適した人口構造を有していたにもかかわらず、改革には約40年もの歳月がかかりました。これが、世界の他の国々で実施されるとなれば、どれほど困難なものになるか想像に難くありません。そして、もし世界中がそのような改革を望まなければ、いかに自由主義者の政治家を内部に潜り込ませ、社会民主主義の装いを与えたとしても、十分な効果は得られないでしょう。さらに、政治そのものが権力に触れると必ず腐敗すると、ロード・アクトンが指摘したように、権力は人を変えてしまいます。つまり、権力に惹かれて権力の座についた者は、その権力を維持・拡大するために、かつて掲げた理念を容易に放棄し、他者を蹂躙し、欺く行動に出るということです。 政治的競争というのは、もしあなたが行動しなければ、行動する者があなたを追い出してしまう、という状況を生み出します。そのため、もし存在するとしても、誠実で、信念を持った政治家は、力に屈する者に押されて公共の場から姿を消してしまうのです。権力闘争では、手が縛られている者と自由な手を持つ者との間で戦いが行われるため、劣悪な選択が働き、最終的には最悪の者が権力の座に就くという現象が生じるのです。（この点については、ハイエクも『隷属への道』で記述しています。） 次に、第二の可能性はボトムアップ、すなわち文化戦線によるアプローチです。これは、アイデアの戦いを、じわじわと、少しずつ社会に浸透させ、心を開かせ、意識を目覚めさせ、より多くの人々がこの変革を要求するようになるという方法です。しかし、これは特に有望な道ではないことは明白です。もし、ここでマルクス主義的な語調に傾くとすれば、客観的な物質的条件があって、そうした思想が大規模に広まる環境が整わない限り、人々は現状に満足して「今のままで十分だ」と感じ、急激な変革に乗り出す理由が見出せません。現状が著しく悪化しない限り、文化戦線による大規模な勝利が起こり、既存の社会制度が覆されるというのは極めて困難な道なのです。例えば、アルゼンチンでは、40年間にわたって底をつき続けた結果、人々が明らかに欠陥だらけのモデルにうんざりし、ハイパーインフレーションに苦しんだことで変革が進んだように見えます。もし、そこに一貫性があり、破壊的かつ斬新なメッセージ―社会主義的なものか、あるいは幸運にもリベラルなもの―があれば、一定の確率でそのアイデアが覇権を握り、新たな現状として定着する可能性が出てくるのです。しかし、スペインの場合、文化戦線による闘いは、相手側のプロパガンダがあふれ、対抗する者がいなければ、現状が一層固定化し、国家権力が加速度的に拡大していくため、非常に厳しい状況にあります。私自身も長い間、文化戦線で戦ってきましたが、スペインという環境におけるその限界を痛感しています。 第三の道は、そもそも国家改革を目指さず、自分の生活を改善するために他の地域へ移住するというものです。もし、競争が可能な複数の法域が存在すれば、現状に非常に不満を抱く者は、物理的に他の地域へ移り住み、そこで自らの生活基盤を築くことができます。そして、こうした法域間の競争は、他の法域による収用や寄生的な政策の力を制限する効果も持ちます。たとえば、ある法域で税率が非常に低く、規制が緩やかであれば、他の法域は資本が流出し、寄生者側から見れば、寄生対象（＝ホスト）が成長しなければ、寄生する意味がなくなるのです。もし、ホストを窒息させて殺してしまえば、またはホストが他の、寄生が少ない地域へ流出してしまえば、寄生者にとっては不利益となります。このような効果は、実際には見かけ以上に大きな影響を持つのです。 たとえば、最も身近な例として、アンドラの場合が挙げられます。多くの場合、静かに、あるいは時に華やかに報じられる移住現象があり、一定の社会的反響を呼んでいます。問題は、これらはすべて財政上の問題であり、移住者を犯罪者扱いする試みがあっても、スペイン国家にとっては重要な問題とならないのです。よく批判されるのは、YouTuberなどがアンドラへ移住することについて、「国が自国民の資源不足を訴えるような状況に直面しない」とされる点です。もしそうなれば、国家は財政の引き締めを迫られるはずですが、現実はそうではありません。むしろ、これは他者に対する懲罰の一形態であり、「移住して税負担を軽減しようとするなら、あなたは悪い人間であり、悪い市民だ。もしあなたが著名人であれば、意識を啓発するために、我々はあなたを徹底的に攻撃し、公の場から追放する」といったメッセージが発せられるのです。しかし、実際にアンドラへの移住が進むこと自体は悪いことではなく、たとえそれがスペイン国家に与えるダメージが短期的にはそれほど大きくなくとも、他のケースでは、目に見えにくいながらも国家に損害を与えている場合があるのです。 たとえば、2か月前に発表されたドラギの報告書では、欧州が「足を引きずっている」との根本的な不満が示されています。すなわち、欧州では生産性が20年間にわたって停滞しており、成長期に新たに設立される企業が、厳しい規制の下で成長できず、資本調達が困難となり、結果としてアメリカに流出してしまうという現象です。これは「足で投票する」という現象であり、企業側の実情を反映したものです。そして、これは国家権力の内部から出た、我々の社会が停滞しているという自らの寡占層からの認識でもあります。彼らは、ここ20年間にわたり市民を内部から圧迫してきた手法を見直す必要があると訴えているのです。そして、ここで議論されているのは、欧州連合とアメリカという二つの経済ブロック間での移住の問題なのです。 もし、かつてヨーロッパに存在していたような、多数の競合する法域が現在も存在していたと想像してみてください。ここで歴史的な議論に深入りするつもりはありませんが、ヨーロッパが16世紀あるいは17世紀から産業革命に至るまで発展し、東洋が（少なくとも最近まで）停滞していた理由の重い仮説の一つは、ヨーロッパが政治的にはるかに細分化され、都市国家や小国、王国、そして公国など、まさにアンドラのようなケースに近い形態であったため、相互の競争が激しかったという点にあります。ひとつの領域内で生まれる思想を制限・抑制・検閲する能力は非常に低く、もし一方で弾圧されれば別の場所へ移動できたため、その結果、後の産業革命を引き起こす知的な開花が促されたのです。これに対して、中国のような中央集権的で統一された国家では、官僚組織が本来より強大な権力を持っていたため、このような発展は見込めませんでした。 「足で投票する」という現象は非常に強力です。したがって、文化戦線から取り組むべきもう一つの課題は、政治的な中央集権化や財政の調和化に反対することです。なぜなら、政治的に中央集権化が進んだり、財政が調和化されるほど、法域間の競争は減少し、その結果、国家が無罰で私有財産を寄生的に吸い上げる余地が広がるからです。これは市場経済ではよく理解される現象ですが、国家の場合は例外扱いされがちです。市場において本当の意味での独占、すなわち単にその分野で唯一の企業という状況ではなく、競合が存在しない真の独占状態になると、その独占者は価格を引き上げ、品質を低下させる傾向にあります。なぜなら、あなたは逃げ出すことができない、まるで人質のような状態に置かれるからです。つまり、国家もまた独占状態にあり、国家が直面する唯一の競争は、他の国家へ移住するという可能性なのです。領域を統一して競争余地を狭めれば狭めるほど、国家は独占的な力を強め、結果としてあなたに提供するサービスの質を低下させ、収用を強める傾向が出てきます。したがって、私はどんな中央集権化のプロセスにも反対し、逆に政治的な分権化を支持すべきだと考えます。 そして最後に、第四の戦略ですが、これはやや曖昧で漠然としているかもしれません。しかし、私が考えるに、実際に多くの人々が採用しており、多くの場合国家の影響力を制限している方法、それは直接的に「国家からの分離」を目指すことです。もちろん、あなたにとって寄生者のような国家が窮屈に圧しかけてくる場合、その寄生者を打倒しようと多大なエネルギーを費やすこともできます。しかし、寄生者が既に存在する以上、その存在を前提として生活基盤を築く、その固定費を受け入れながらも、寄生者のさらなる拡大を防ぐ、あるいは寄生の及ばない領域を確保する新たな方法を模索するということです。これが国家からの「分離」、すなわち、重くのしかかる国家の負担から自らを切り離す試みなのです。例えば、先に述べたように、私立教育、私立医療、私的年金といった選択肢があります。本来であれば、国家が私たちから過剰な資源を吸い上げることなく、その分をこうした目的に振り向けられれば理想的ですが、幸いなことに、現状では国家が私立教育への進学を禁止しているわけではありません（ただしかなりの規制は存在します）。私立教育は完全に自由なものではなく、国家のカリキュラムに沿ったものですが、それでも私立教育、私立医療、そして貯蓄や資産形成の道を開いてくれるのです。もちろん、今後さらに税が引き上げられ、国内外で資産が収用されるリスクが高まるまではの話ですが。 したがって、国家を一つの悪と捉え、その悪に支配される中で自由を追求する、すなわちその影響力からできるだけ逃れる方法を探るべきです。さらに、社会が自ら開発していく様々なツールが、私たちが国家の監視や統制から離れて生活する手助けとなります。たとえば、デジタル経済は、今日のところ、国家が我々をコントロール・規制・収用するのをより困難にする領域をある程度確保できる可能性を秘めています。ビットコインの例は、没収不可能な資産として、適切な管理を行えば、富の保蔵庫あるいは国家の統制や知識から独立した交換手段として機能する可能性を示しています。 これらは、寄生者である国家に吸い付かれないため、自らの活動から国家の影響力を一部でも排除する、新たな生活の仕方を模索する一つの方法です。こうした新しいツールは、今後も次々と登場し、国家が私たちの生活に及ぼす影響を制限するために活用されるべきです。社会全体を変えるのは非常に困難ですが、多くの人々を同じ方向に動かすことが難しい現状において、少なくとも我々が体系的に受けている搾取の度合いを最小限に抑えることは可能です。 以上、複数の道筋があります。第一の道は私個人としてはほぼ排除したいと考えますが、残りの三つは排他的ではなく、互いに補完し合うものです。どの方法も目的地に必ず到達できる保証はありませんが、これらは連携することで、国家が私たちや社会全体に及ぼす権力の影響を徐々に抑制する助けとなるでしょう。そして、我々自身の利益のため、あるいは共に生きる社会を改善するために、可能な限りこれらの道を追求すべきだと考えます。

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

I’ll admit that God’s truth is something I am passionate about. I love God’s word and I trust every word in the Bible as absolute truth. I hate when people compromise God’s word. I can’t understand Christians that don’t want to know God better through His word (maybe partially because I read a stack of books to solve any and every problem or to fulfill any interest). Lately, the vow made in court to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth has been going through my mind. It comes up regarding almost everything, so I figured maybe God was telling me to write a post on the subject, so here we go. ## The Truth When we are searching for the truth about anything, we need to start with the Bible. Yes, there are many subjects about which the Bible doesn’t speak or doesn’t speak in detail, but the principles on which everything is built start with the Bible. > All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work. (2 Timothy 3:16-17) Especially when we are trying to learn what God wants from us and our lives, we need to search the Scriptures. We need to study the Scriptures. We need to memorize the Scriptures. > I have hidden your word in my heart that I might not sin against you. (Psalm 119:11) It is much more useful to have read the Bible many times and to know its contents cover to cover, so we have it available to us during that debate with a fellow believer, or the discussion with a proud atheist, or when put into a situation of temptation. Having God’s word “hidden in our heart” enables us to deal with every situation, just as Jesus did when tempted by the Devil in the wilderness. Jesus’s most common response to every challenge was “As it is written …” > Sanctify them by the truth; your word is truth. (John 17:17) If we want to know the truth and be ready for whatever life throws at us, we need to be like Ezra: > He had begun his journey from Babylon on the first day of the first month, and he arrived in Jerusalem on the first day of the fifth month, for the gracious hand of his God was on him. **For Ezra had devoted himself to the study and observance of the Law of the Lord, and to teaching its decrees and laws in Israel.** (Ezra 7:9-10) {emphasis mine} Are you known for devoting yourself to the study and observance of the Law of the Lord, and to teaching its decrees and laws? ## The Whole Truth Obviously there are God hating atheists who will lie about God’s word and totally contradict His word. As believers, we are more likely to bend God’s truth. (Satan does this, too, because it is frequently more effective than an outright lie). There are two primary ways to bend God’s truth. We either leave out some parts or we add to it. In this section we will focus on telling the whole truth and not leaving out part of the truth. The error of lying by omission is rampant today. We see it in news reports by the media. We see it in the history taught to our children. We see it in many churches. There are some very uncomfortable truths in the Bible. People don’t like to hear that some people will be punished in Hell for all eternity. They don’t want to hear that they are sinners and their desires are sinful. They don’t like to hear that there is one and only one way to Jesus. > Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but through Me. (John 14:6) Many believers don’t like any conflict. They are afraid that speaking the truth is being judgmental and will hurt relationships and feelings, so they hold back and don’t speak the whole truth. > Deal bountifully with Your servant,\ > That I may live and keep Your word.\ ****Open my eyes, that I may behold\ > Wonderful things from Your law.**\ > I am a stranger in the earth;\ ****Do not hide Your commandments from me.**\ > My soul is crushed with **longing\ > After Your ordinances at all times.**\ > You rebuke the arrogant, the cursed,\ > Who wander from Your commandments.\ > Take away reproach and contempt from me,\ > For **I observe Your testimonies.**\ > Even though princes sit and talk against me,\ > Your servant meditates on Your statutes.\ > Your testimonies also are my delight;\ > They are my counselors. (Psalm 119:17-24) {emphasis mine} The psalmist begs God not to “*hide Your commandments from me*.” Should we hide God’s commandments from ourselves or others because they are uncomfortable? > He said, “What is the word that He spoke to you? Please do not hide it from me. May God do so to you, and more also, if you hide anything from me of all the words that He spoke to you.” (1 Samuel 3:17) Eli put the harshest curse on Samuel if he didn’t speak the full truth communicated by God. We need to truly know and believe God’s word, so we communicate it fully with others and do not hide it from those whose very heart and soul need God’s truth. Many of us may feel like we are not lying because we didn’t not explicitly speak an untruth, but withholding part of the truth, so that another is misled, is as much of a lie as speaking an untruth. Both are intended to mislead the other person, usually for our benefit or comfort and to the long-term harm of the other person. > Finally, brothers and sisters, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable—**if anything is excellent or praiseworthy—think about such things**. **Whatever you have learned or received or heard from me**, or seen in me—**put it into practice**. And the God of peace will be with you. (Philippians 4:8-9) {emphasis mine} We need to think on, speak, and put into practice all of God’s word. Picking and choosing which parts of God’s word we want to believe, speak, and put into practice is akin to the original sin, “*You will be like gods, knowing good and evil*.” Only God gets to decide what is true or false and what is good or evil. When we choose to pick which parts of the Bible to obey and to share, we are taking the role that belongs solely to God. ## Nothing But the Truth The other error regarding truth is to add to God’s word. > The Pharisees and the scribes asked Him, “Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders, but eat their bread with impure hands?” And He said to them, “Rightly did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written: > > ‘This people honors Me with their lips,\ > But their heart is far away from Me.\ > But in vain do they worship Me,\ ****Teaching as doctrines the precepts of men.’\ > Neglecting the commandment of God, you hold to the tradition of men**.” (Mark 7:5-8) {emphasis mine} So often we let tradition, culture, or “science” guide us instead of the Bible. Whenever there is a contradiction between any source and the Bible, we need to put the authority of God’s word as the highest authority. Although it is possible for us to be mistaken by the meaning of God’s word and the truth to be more in line with culture or “science,” it is so much more likely that tradition, culture, or “science” are wrong. We need to use the Bible to interpret things like science rather than to use “science” to interpret the Bible. The Bible is always the higher authority. Sometimes we add to God’s word intentionally. Sometimes we are just influenced by the people around us, especially supposed authority figures, and are led astray unintentionally. > Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, **a worker who does not need to be ashamed and** **who correctly handles the word of truth**. (2 Timothy 2:15) {emphasis mine} We need to truly study the whole Bible and test every one of our beliefs against God’s word. > **I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one** who called you to live in the grace of Christ and are **turning to a different gospel**— **which is really no gospel at all**. Evidently some people are throwing you into confusion and are trying to pervert the gospel of Christ. But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach a gospel other than the one we preached to you, let them be under God’s curse! As we have already said, so now I say again: If anybody is preaching to you a gospel other than what you accepted, let them be under God’s curse! (Galatians 1:6-9) {emphasis mine} We need to use God’s word to test every idea. > Do not treat prophecies with contempt but test them all; hold on to what is good, reject every kind of evil. (1 Thessalonians 5:20-22) and > Dear friends, **do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, because many false prophets have gone out into the world**. This is how you can recognize the Spirit of God: Every spirit that acknowledges that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God, but every spirit that does not acknowledge Jesus is not from God. This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you have heard is coming and even now is already in the world. (1 John 4:1-3) {emphasis mine} God’s word is truth. It never changes. It doesn’t change with the times, the culture, or new scientific discoveries. The truth is the truth whether anyone believes it or not. There are many who will lead you astray and sound like they know what they are talking about. Make sure you do not follow these false teachers in their error (whether the error is intentional or accidental), but even more, make sure you don’t spread the error and lead others astray. > **See to it that no one takes you captive through** philosophy and empty deception, according to the tradition of men, according to the elementary principles of the world, rather than according to Christ. (Colossians 2:8) {emphasis mine} I think this phrase perfectly describes how error effects us, “See to it that no one takes you captive through …” Error can be subtle, but can take us captive, lead us astray, and cause us to lead others astray. Only through detailed knowledge of the Scriptures can we defend against it. > **Don’t be deceived**, my dear brothers and sisters. Every good and perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of the heavenly lights, **who does not change like shifting shadows**. He chose to give us birth **through the word of truth**, that we might be a kind of firstfruits of all he created. (James 1:16-18) {emphasis mine} May the Lord of heaven guide us to know the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth and to obey His word in all things to His glory, forever. Trust Jesus

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

@Coffeee listened to me ranting about how stupid the current sports streaming situation is, on the [latest episode](https://www.fountain.fm/episode/8oKay16q5tFFhJYQAvYL) of the [Stacker Sports Pod](https://www.fountain.fm/show/syQHHkLs59GQ1eFAe64t) (which made it in the [top 40](https://www.fountain.fm/charts) on Fountain!). He messaged me that pretty much all sporting events can be watched live at https://betplay.io/en/. I couldn't believe it. Can it really be that simple? Well, last night's NBA games were certainly viewable. This is huge! Sports streaming costs an insane amount and it's been available for free this whole time. Apparently, other sportsbooks have had this option for a long time, but they are KYC and require a sufficient deposit before you can stream. Not only is BetPlay non-KYC, but there's no deposit required. It also uses LN! I'm starting to see why this is Coffee's favorite sportsbook. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/925709

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

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May – 1992. : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspp480wtyx2zhtwpu5gptrl8duv9rvq3mug85mp4d54qzywk3zq9gpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz5wq496 Declaração de independência do ciberespaço - John Perry Barlow - 1996 : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2njsy44n6p07mhgt2tnragvchasv386nf20ua5wklxqpttf6mzuqpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsukg4hr The Cyphernomicon: Criptografia, Dinheiro Digital e o Futuro da Privacidade. escrito por Timothy C. May -Publicado em 1994. : Livro completo em PDF no Github PrivacyOpenSource. https://github.com/Alexemidio/PrivacyOpenSource/raw/main/Livros/THE%20CYPHERNOMICON%20.pdf Share

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

The cryptocurrency world is poised on the brink of a significant event as Bitcoin approaches its fourth halving in April 2024. This event, deeply embedded in Bitcoin's protocol, serves as a reminder of the cryptocurrency's unique economic model, designed to mimic the scarcity and deflationary aspects of precious metals. The halving not only affects the miners' rewards but also has far-reaching implications for the entire cryptocurrency market, influencing investor sentiment, market supply, and the intrinsic value of Bitcoin itself. **Table of Contents** - Understanding Bitcoin Halving - Historical Impact on Bitcoin's Price - Implications for Miners - Institutional Interest and Market Dynamics - Regulatory Environment and Global Economic Factors - Conclusion - FAQs **Understanding Bitcoin Halving** Bitcoin halving is a core mechanism of the Bitcoin protocol, occurring every 210,000 blocks, which historically has been approximately every four years. This event reduces the reward for mining new blocks by half, a process designed to control Bitcoin's inflation and supply rate. The upcoming 2024 halving will slash the mining reward from 6.25 bitcoins per block to 3.125 bitcoins, a change that will significantly impact the rate at which new bitcoins are generated and enter the market. This deflationary event is critical to Bitcoin's value proposition as digital gold. By reducing the flow of new bitcoins, the halving events mimic the extraction of a finite resource, enhancing Bitcoin's scarcity and potential as a store of value. The anticipation and aftermath of these events have historically led to increased public interest, media coverage, and speculative activity, all of which contribute to Bitcoin's market dynamics and price volatility. **Historical Impact on Bitcoin's Price** The halving events have historically been landmarks in Bitcoin's price history, often heralding periods of significant price appreciation. For example, the year following the 2016 halving saw Bitcoin's price increase manifold, underscoring the event's impact on market psychology and investor expectations. However, while past trends suggest a bullish outcome, it's crucial to acknowledge the complexity of market dynamics and the multitude of factors influencing Bitcoin's price. The price impact of the halving can be attributed to the reduced supply of new bitcoins, heightening scarcity, and potentially increasing demand. However, the actual market response can vary based on current market conditions, investor sentiment, and global economic factors. Therefore, while historical data provides valuable insights, each halving unfolds in a unique context, making the outcome of the 2024 event unpredictable and a subject of widespread speculation. **Implications for Miners** The halving significantly impacts Bitcoin miners, as the reward reduction directly affects their revenue streams. This event could lead to a realignment within the mining industry, as only the most efficient and well-capitalized operations can sustain profitability with lower rewards. This pressure could drive technological innovation, as miners seek more energy-efficient and cost-effective mining solutions, but it could also lead to increased centralization, which is a concern for the Bitcoin network's health and security. The aftermath of the halving will likely see a shakeout of less efficient miners, which could temporarily affect the network's hash rate and security. However, this consolidation could also lead to a more robust and resilient mining ecosystem in the long run. The dynamics between mining costs, Bitcoin's price, and network security are intricate and will play a crucial role in the cryptocurrency's post-halving landscape. **Institutional Interest and Market Dynamics** The landscape of Bitcoin investment has evolved dramatically since the last halving, with significant growth in institutional interest. The approval of Bitcoin ETFs and the entry of traditional financial institutions into the crypto space have provided Bitcoin with a new level of legitimacy and accessibility. This institutional involvement could lead to greater liquidity and less volatility post-halving, as larger players with long-term horizons enter the market. However, institutional investors also bring new dynamics to Bitcoin's market. Their investment strategies, risk management practices, and regulatory compliance requirements differ markedly from those of retail and early crypto adopters. This shift could influence how the market responds to the halving, as institutional investors may be less prone to speculative trading and more interested in Bitcoin's long-term value proposition. **Regulatory Environment and Global Economic Factors** The impact of the 2024 halving will also be shaped by the broader regulatory and economic environment. Regulatory developments, both positive and negative, can significantly affect investor confidence and market dynamics. Clear and supportive regulations can foster growth and innovation in the crypto space, while restrictive policies may hinder market development and investor participation. Moreover, global economic factors such as inflation rates, monetary policies, and geopolitical events play a crucial role in shaping investor sentiment and demand for Bitcoin. As a digital, borderless asset, Bitcoin is increasingly seen as a hedge against inflation and currency devaluation, factors that could influence its appeal around the halving event. **Conclusion** As April 2024 approaches, the Bitcoin community and investors worldwide are watching closely, aware that the halving could mark the beginning of a new era for Bitcoin. This event represents more than just a technical adjustment; it is a testament to Bitcoin's enduring design and its role as a pioneer in the cryptocurrency space. The significance of the halving extends beyond immediate price effects; it encompasses the evolution of Bitcoin's market, the maturation of its ecosystem, and its position in the broader financial landscape. As we move closer to this pivotal event, the collective actions of miners, investors, and regulators will shape not only the outcome of the halving but the future trajectory of Bitcoin and the cryptocurrency market at large. In this ever-evolving narrative, the 2024 halving stands as a critical milestone, a moment of reflection and anticipation, highlighting the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in the journey of Bitcoin and the quest for a decentralized financial future. **FAQs** **What is Bitcoin halving?** Bitcoin halving is an event that occurs every 210,000 blocks, approximately every four years, which reduces the reward for mining new Bitcoin blocks by half. This mechanism is designed to control inflation and reduce the rate at which new bitcoins are introduced into circulation. **Why is the Bitcoin halving significant?** The halving is significant because it directly impacts the supply of new bitcoins entering the market, which can influence Bitcoin's price. It also affects miners' profitability and can lead to changes in the network's mining dynamics. **How has Bitcoin's price reacted to previous halvings?** Historically, Bitcoin's price has increased following halving events, though there are many factors at play. These price increases are often attributed to the reduced supply of new bitcoins and increased demand. **What are the potential effects of the 2024 Bitcoin halving on miners?** The halving will reduce the block reward, potentially affecting miners' profitability. This could lead to a consolidation in the mining industry, with only the most efficient miners remaining competitive. **How might institutional interest affect the Bitcoin market around the halving?** Institutional interest can bring more stability and liquidity to the Bitcoin market. However, it also introduces new market dynamics, as institutional investors may have different strategies and reactions to the halving compared to retail investors. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnewsco](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co/](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@thebitcoinlibertarian](https://www.youtube.com/@thebitcoinlibertarian)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** **Get Orange Pill App And Connect With Bitcoiners In Your Area. Stack Friends Who Stack Sats link: https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/croxroad** **Buy Bitcoin Books At Konsensus Network Store. 10% Discount With Code “21croxroad” link: https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=21croxroad** *DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.*

@ ecda4328:1278f072

When designing a highly available Kubernetes (or k3s) cluster, one of the key architectural questions is: **"How many ETCD nodes should I run?"** A recent discussion in our team sparked this very debate. Someone suggested increasing our ETCD cluster size from 3 to more nodes, citing concerns about node failures and the need for higher fault tolerance. It’s a fair concern—nobody wants a critical service to go down—but here's why **3-node ETCD clusters are usually the sweet spot** for most setups. --- ## The Role of ETCD and Quorum ETCD is a distributed key-value store used by Kubernetes to store all its state. Like most consensus-based systems (e.g., Raft), ETCD relies on quorum to operate. This means that more than half of the ETCD nodes must be online and in agreement for the cluster to function correctly. ### What Quorum Means in Practice - In a **3-node** ETCD cluster, quorum is **2**. - In a **5-node** cluster, quorum is **3**. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/36cd64d4478ea93cf954fdbb70aeba52053dd8bb610a502b4b6bb6507eab06c8.png"> ⚠️ So yes, 5 nodes can tolerate 2 failures vs. just 1 in a 3-node setup—but you also need more nodes online to keep the system functional. More nodes doesn't linearly increase safety. --- ## Why 3 Nodes is the Ideal Baseline Running 3 ETCD nodes hits a great balance: - **Fault tolerance:** 1 node can fail without issue. - **Performance:** Fewer nodes = faster consensus and lower latency. - **Simplicity:** Easier to manage, upgrade, and monitor. Even the [ETCD documentation](https://etcd.io/docs/v3.6/faq/) recommends 3–5 nodes total, with 5 being the **upper limit** before write performance and operational complexity start to degrade. Systems like Google's Chubby—which inspired systems like ETCD and ZooKeeper—also recommend no more than 5 nodes. --- ## The Myth of Catastrophic Failure > "If two of our three ETCD nodes go down, the cluster will become unusable and need deep repair!" This is a common fear, but the reality is less dramatic: - **ETCD becomes read-only**: You can't schedule or update workloads, but existing workloads continue to run. - **No deep repair needed**: As long as there's no data corruption, restoring quorum just requires bringing at least one other ETCD node back online. - **Still recoverable if two nodes are permanently lost**: You can re-initialize the remaining node as a new single-node ETCD cluster using `--cluster-init`, and rebuild from there. --- ## What About Backups? In k3s, ETCD snapshots are automatically saved by default. For example: - Default path: `/var/lib/rancher/k3s/server/db/snapshots/` You can restore these snapshots in case of failure, making ETCD even more resilient. --- ## When to Consider 5 Nodes Adding more ETCD nodes **only makes sense at scale**, such as: - Running **12+ total cluster nodes** - Needing **stronger fault domains** for regulatory/compliance reasons > Note: ETCD typically requires low-latency communication between nodes. Distributing ETCD members across availability zones or regions is generally discouraged unless you're using specialized networking and understand the performance implications. Even then, be cautious—you're trading some simplicity and performance for that extra failure margin. --- ## TL;DR - **3-node ETCD clusters** are the best choice for most Kubernetes/k3s environments. - **5-node clusters** offer more redundancy but come with extra complexity and performance costs. - **Loss of quorum is not a disaster**—it’s recoverable. - **Backups and restore paths** make even worst-case recovery feasible. And finally: if you're seeing multiple ETCD nodes go down *frequently*, the real problem might not be the number of nodes—but your hosting provider. ---

@ a0c34d34:fef39af1

8 months ago I went to Nashville, Bitcoin2024. The one with Edward Snowden’s cryptic speech, Michael Saylor telling people who knew nothing about Bitcoin how to stack sats. And yes, I was in the room when Donald spoke. I had so many people asking me how to “get a Coinbase!!!” cause he said so. I sat with two women explaining seed phrase and how vital it was as they wrote the random words on scrape pieces of paper and put them in their purses. I once was just like those women. Still am in some areas of this space. It can be overwhelming, learning about cryptography,subgraphs, it can be decentralized theatre!!! Yes decentralized theatre. I said it. I never said it out loud. In 2016, I knew nothing. I overheard a conversation that changed my life’s trajectory. I am embarrassed to say, I was old then but didn’t know it. I didn’t see myself as old, 56 back then, I just wanted to have enough money to pay bills. I say this to say I bought 3 whole Bitcoin in 2016 and listening to mainstream news about scams and black market associated with what I bought, I sold them quickly and thought I was too old to be scammed and playing around with all of that. In 2018, someone gave me The Book of Satoshi, I read it and thought it was a fabulous story but my fear ? I put the book in a drawer and forgot about it. I mentioned decentralized theatre. I have been living in decentralized theatre for the past 3 years now. In August 2021 I landed on TikTok and saw NFTs. I thought get money directly to those who need it. I started diving down the rabbit holes of Web3. The decentralized theatre is being in betas & joining platforms claiming to be decentralized social media platforms and of course all the “Web3” businesses claiming to be Web3. Social medias were exciting, the crypto casino was thriving and I thought I was going to live a decentralized life with Bitcoin being independent from any financial institutions or interference from government. Delusional? Yes, diving deeper, I did. I went to my first “night with crypto” event in West Palm Beach. My first IRL meeting scammers. There was about 200-250 people sitting facing the stage where a man was speaking. There was a QRCode on the screen and he said for us to get out our phones and scan the QRCode to download their wallet & get free money. I watched everyone, most everyone point their phones at the screen, but I didn’t, I got up and went out to the area where the booths were, the vendors. A few months later I found out ( on Twitter) it was a scam. People would deposit a “minimal amount” and swap their money for these tokens with no value but constant hype and Twitter social media ambassadors ( followers) had people “wanting in” Don’t FOMO… The promise of decentralization, independent from banks & government, and of course I had been excitedly sharing everything I was learning on TikTok and mentioned senior citizens need to know this stuff. They need to learn metaverse to be connected with the virtual and digital natives( their kids, grandkids). They need to learn about Bitcoin and blockchain technologies to put their documents on chain & transfer their wealth safely. They need to learn how A.I. health tech can help them have a better quality of life!!! Someone said I was a senior citizen and I was the perfect person to help them. It’s been 3 years and I learned how to create a Discord(with Geneva), 4 metaverses, multiple wallets and learned about different cryptos. I learned about different GPTs, NFCCHIP wearables, A.I. and Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Network and so much more. I have since deleted TikTok. I wrote an article on that on YakiHonne. I’m using LinkedIn and YouTube , some BluSky platforms. I published a cliff notes book for senior citizens and put it in my Stan Store(online to links) with links to my resume, newsletter, YouTube Channel, Substack and Onboard60 digital clone. Onboard60, the name for my project. Onboard was THE buzzword back in 2021 & early 2022, 60? an age representative of my target audience … Onboard60 stuck. The lack of interest from senior citizens over the years , the rejections, wild opinions, trolls on socials- I understand - I forget the fear I had. I still have the fear of not being a part of society, not understanding the world around me, getting left behind. I keep coming to Nostr, going to BluSky, even the ones that are decentralized theatre( Lens & Farcaster)- I admit losing 28k follower account and afew other accounts I deleted ( over 5k & 12k), I felt a loss. I had perpetually been online and my relationships, friendships were online. Sadly only a few were real. Social media - out of sight out of mind. It was devastating. I had to unplug and regroup. I was afraid to be on new social platforms, scared to start over, meet people. I’m realizing I do everything scared. I do it, whatever it is that moves me forward, keeps me learning, and keeps my mindset open, flexible. Another fear is happening to me. There are times I have a senior citizen mindset. And that’s really scary. I have heard myself in conversations putting in an extra “the” like saying The Nostr like older people do. Onboard60 is me. I am an adolescent and family counselor with a Master’s degree. I have created a few Metaverses, a Live chat/online Discord, a How to for senior citizens booklet and a digital clone. Yes Onboard60 digital clone can be asked about anything Web3, blockchain and discuss how to create personal A.I. agents. I uploaded all of my content of the last 3 years (and it being LLM)People can go to Onboard60 clone with voice and or text I do 1:1 counseling with overwhelmed, afraid and skeptical senior citizens. I show experientially step by step basic virtual reality so senior citizens can enter the metaverse with their grandkids and portal to a park. I use the metaverse & Geneva Live chats as social hang outs for senior citizens globally to create connections and stay relevant I also talk about medical bracelets. NFCCHIP for medical information, gps bracelets for Alzheimer’s or dementia care. And lastly from the past 3 years, I have learned to discuss all options for Bitcoin investing, not just self custody. Senior citizens listen, feel safe when I discuss Grayscale and Fidelity. They feel they can trust these institutions. I tell them how they have articles and webinars on their sites about crypto and what cryptofunds they offer. They can dyor, it’s their money. My vision and mission have stayed the same through this rollercoaster of a journey. It’s what keeps me grounded and moving forward. This year I’m turning 65, and will become a part of the Medicare system. I don’t have insurance, can’t afford it. If it was on the blockchain I’d have control of the costs but nooooo, I am obligated to get Medicare. I will have to work an extra shift a week (I am a waitress at night) and I am capable to do it and realistically I will probably need health insurance in the future, I am a senior citizen….. Thank you for reading this. Zap sats and thank you again. Sandra (Samm) Onboard60 Founder https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PLn1ysBEfjjwPZsMsLlmX-s7cDOgPC29/edit?usp=drivesdk&ouid=111904115111263773126&rtpof=true&sd=true

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Gibralta is famous for its iconic Rock, fascinating history, and stunning views over the Mediterranean and Atlantic. A mix of British, Spanish, and Moorish influences, it’s a unique destination packed with natural beauty and cultural heritage.  ## **🏛️ Top Things to See & Do in Gibraltar** ### **1️⃣ The Rock of Gibraltar 🏔️** - The **most famous landmark**, standing **426 meters high**. - Offers **spectacular views** of Spain, Morocco, and the Strait of Gibraltar. - Reach it by **hiking, cable car, or guided tour**.  ### **2️⃣ St. Michael’s Cave 🏰** - A stunning **limestone cave** filled with **stalactites and stalagmites**. - Used as a concert venue with incredible **natural acoustics**. - Illuminated with colorful lights for an unforgettable experience.  ### **3️⃣ Apes’ Den 🐵** - Home to **Gibraltar’s famous Barbary macaques**, Europe’s only wild monkeys. - Legend says if the monkeys leave, so will the British! 🇬🇧 - Be careful with your belongings—**they love to steal snacks!**  ### **4️⃣ Europa Point & Lighthouse 🌊** - The **southernmost point** of Gibraltar, with views across to **Africa**. - Visit the **Trinity Lighthouse**, the stunning **Ibrahim-al-Ibrahim Mosque**, and the **Harding Battery**.  ### **5️⃣ The Great Siege Tunnels 🏗️** - An **underground tunnel system** carved by the British during the **Great Siege (1779–1783)**. - Learn about Gibraltar’s military history with **cannons and exhibits**.  ### **6️⃣ Main Street & Casemates Square 🛍️** - A lively area with **British-style pubs, duty-free shopping, and historical buildings**. - Ideal for picking up **souvenirs, perfumes, electronics, and spirits** at tax-free prices.  ### **7️⃣ Gibraltar Skywalk & Windsor Suspension Bridge 🌉** - A **glass-floored viewpoint** offering breathtaking **panoramic views**. - The **Windsor Suspension Bridge** is a thrilling 71-meter-long bridge over a deep gorge.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Gibraltar** - **Fish & Chips** – A British classic, best enjoyed by the waterfront 🐟🍟 - **Calentita** – A chickpea flour flatbread, Gibraltar’s national dish 🥖 - **Rosto** – A local pasta dish with **tomato sauce and meat** 🍝 - **Torta de Acelga** – A savory **Swiss chard pie**, a blend of Spanish and Moorish flavors 🥧 - **Gibraltar Gin & Tonic** – A refreshing drink with local gin 🍸  ## **🚗 How to Get to Gibraltar** ✈️ **By Air:** Gibraltar International Airport (GIB) – flights from **London, Manchester, Bristol** 🚘 **By Car:** Drive from Spain (La Línea de la Concepción), but expect **border checks** 🚧 🚆 **By Train:** Nearest Spanish station is **San Roque-La Línea**, then take a taxi or bus 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Málaga, Seville, and Cádiz** 🚶 **On Foot:** Many visitors park in **La Línea, Spain**, and walk across the border  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Gibraltar** ✅ **Bring your passport** – Border control is required for entry 🛂 ✅ **Take the cable car early** – The **Rock gets crowded** by midday 🚠 ✅ **Watch out for the monkeys** – They are friendly but love to steal 🎒 ✅ **Wear comfortable shoes** – Exploring the Rock involves lots of walking 👟 ✅ **Use British pounds (£) or euros (€)** – Most places accept both 💷💶

@ 8f69ac99:4f92f5fd

> **"Qual é exatamente a sua 'parte justa' daquilo que 'outra pessoa' trabalhou para conseguir?"** – Thomas Sowell A ideia de "parte justa" não tem tanto a ver com justiça, mas sim com uma justificativa—uma desculpa para tirar de um grupo e entregar a outro. Disfarça coerção como moralidade e transforma a expropriação em virtude. Durante décadas, políticos usaram esse conceito para expandir o poder do Estado sob o pretexto de justiça social. Desde a proposta de Karl Marx de "abolir a propriedade privada" até os impostos progressivos modernos, o princípio continua o mesmo: alguns têm demasiado, outros de menos—logo, o governo precisa intervir. Mas quem decide quanto é "demasiado"? E o que acontece quando impostos criados para os ricos acabam por recair sobre a classe média? O imposto sobre o rendimento nos EUA ilustra bem este fenómeno. Originalmente introduzido em 1861 como uma medida temporária em tempo de guerra, tornou-se permanente em 1913 com a 16ª Emenda, prometendo tributar apenas os americanos mais ricos. No entanto, com o passar do tempo, através do aumento dos escalões, da inflação e das mudanças de política, quase todos os níveis de rendimento ficaram sob o seu alcance. Actualmente, enquanto os 10% mais ricos pagam cerca de 73-76% dos impostos federais sobre o rendimento, a classe média suporta um encargo desproporcionado - contrariamente à intenção original do sistema. Desde a natureza coerciva da tributação até aos fracassos das experiências socialistas, fica claro que a redistribuição não cria justiça—apenas substitui mercados livres por controlo estatal. Justiça verdadeira é manter o que se ganha e participar em trocas voluntárias. ## **A Ilusão da 'Parte Justa'** A ideia de "parte justa" é tão inconsistente quanto tentar segurar água nas mãos—muda de forma conforme a conveniência política. Políticos usam-na para justificar a redistribuição, mas a sua definição é subjectiva e sempre mutável. Para alguns, significa doar 10% do rendimento para caridade; para outros, significa não pagar nada porque consideram o sistema injusto. O problema surge quando essas noções pessoais se tornam política pública. ### **O Erro Moral e Lógico de Reivindicar o Trabalho Alheio** Defender uma "parte justa" do rendimento de outra pessoa baseia-se na coerção, não no consentimento. Nos mercados livres, a troca voluntária garante benefícios mútuos. Já a tributação, por outro lado, confisca recursos sem negociação, violando a autonomia individual. Se um indivíduo não pode moralmente exigir o trabalho de outro sob ameaça (também conhecido como _escravidão_), por que motivo o Estado pode? ### **Falhas Históricas da Redistribuição Forçada** - **Regimes Comunistas:** A economia centralizada da União Soviética, supostamente criada para o bem colectivo, resultou em ineficiência, escassez e repressão. - **Estados Assistencialistas:** Programas como a Segurança Social foram concebidos como redes de apoio temporárias, mas acabaram por incentivar a dependência crónica. - **Tributação Progressiva:** Originalmente direccionada aos mais ricos, a tributação progressiva logo se estendeu à classe média, provando que a redistribuição nunca para de crescer. Em todos estes casos, a redistribuição prometeu equidade, mas entregou ineficiência e injustiça, penalizando os produtivos enquanto outros recebiam sem contrapartida. A justiça real encontra-se na troca voluntária, não na expropriação forçada. ## **Tributação: Roubo Legalizado** Os impostos são frequentemente apresentados como um dever social, mas na prática, são coerção disfarçada de contribuição. Na Europa, tributos elevados financiam amplos programas assistenciais, mas acabam por penalizar a produtividade e incentivar a dependência. ### **A Natureza Coerciva dos Impostos** As democracias europeias orgulham-se da liberdade individual, mas a tributação é uma das poucas áreas onde a coerção é amplamente aceite. Se um cidadão se recusar a pagar impostos, o Estado pode congelar contas bancárias, confiscar bens e aplicar penalidades severas. Os descontos automáticos nos salários e o IVA garantem que os impostos sejam cobrados antes mesmo que o rendimento chegue às mãos do trabalhador. Isto não é troca voluntária; é expropriação forçada respaldada pela lei. ### **Como os Impostos Punem os Produtivos e Recompensam a Dependência** O modelo fiscal europeu, frequentemente elogiado pela sua progressividade, na realidade sobrecarrega aqueles que trabalham e investem, enquanto sustenta burocracias ineficientes e perpetua a dependência assistencialista. Os governos justificam a redistribuição como ajuda aos pobres, mas grande parte da arrecadação financia instituições estatais inchadas e programas mal geridos, como aliás se tem visto nos Estados Unidos. Entretanto, a tributação elevada desincentiva o empreendedorismo, levando talentos e capitais a procurar países com impostos mais baixos. ## **O Socialismo Acaba Quando Acaba o Dinheiro dos Outros** > **"O problema do socialismo é que, mais cedo ou mais tarde, o dinheiro dos outros acaba."** — Margaret Thatcher A observação de Thatcher resume bem o maior defeito do socialismo: a sua dependência de uma base de contribuintes cada vez menor. Quando a redistribuição substitui a produtividade, o colapso económico torna-se inevitável. ### **Como a Redistribuição Elimina Incentivos** Ao tributar o sucesso e subsidiar a estagnação, o socialismo desencoraja o esforço e a inovação. Entre as principais consequências estão: 1. **Menor Recompensa pelo Trabalho:** Impostos elevados tornam o trabalho árduo menos compensador, reduzindo a produtividade. 2. **Estímulo à Dependência:** Estados assistencialistas criam ciclos de dependência, desmotivando a busca pela autonomia financeira. 3. **Mau Uso de Recursos:** Burocracias distribuem riqueza de forma ineficiente, financiando instituições inchadas em vez de necessidades reais. ### **O Que Aconteceu Depois do Socialismo?** - **Leste Europeu:** Após o colapso socialista, países como a Polónia e a Hungria adoptaram reformas de mercado, revitalizando as suas economias. - **China:** Embora mantenha um sistema político socialista, a abertura ao mercado transformou o país numa potência económica global. Ambos os casos mostram que o crescimento ocorre quando os governos abandonam o planeamento central e permitem que as pessoas criem riqueza livremente. ## **Conclusão: O Verdadeiro Significado de Justiça** Justiça não significa igualar resultados à força, mas sim garantir a liberdade para ganhar, trocar e prosperar, ou seja, igualdade de oportunidades. O argumento da "parte justa" é uma armadilha retórica usada para justificar coerção. A verdadeira justiça económica vem da troca voluntária, da caridade privada e do direito de usufruir do que se ganha sem interferência do Estado. A escolha é clara: abraçar mercados livres e responsabilidade individual ou seguir pelo caminho do controlo estatal e da perda gradual das liberdades individuais. --- _Photo by [John Tyson](https://unsplash.com/@jontyson?utm_content=creditCopyText&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=unsplash) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/red-love-neon-light-signage-qAQsVsSxp_w?utm_content=creditCopyText&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=unsplash)_

@ b7cf9f42:ecb93e78

# Der Verstand im Fluss der Information Das Informationszeitalter ist wie ein monströser Fluss, der unseren Verstand umgibt ## Fundament erbauen Der Verstand kann sich eine Insel in diesem Fluss bauen. Dabei können wir eine eigene Insel erbauen oder eine bestehende insel anvisieren um stabilität zu finden Je **robuster** das Baumaterial, desto standhafter unsere Insel. *(Stärke der Argumente, Qualität des Informationsgehalts, Verständlichkeit der Information)* Je **grossflächiger** die Insel, desto mehr Menschen haben Platz *(Reichweite)*. Je **höher** wir die Insel bauen, desto sicherer ist sie bei einem Anstieg des Informationsflusses *(Diversität der Interesse und Kompetenzen der Inselbewohner)*. ### Robustes Baumaterial #### **Primäre Wahrnehmung (robuster):** Realität -&gt; meine Sinne -&gt; meine Meinung/Interpretation **Sekundäre Wahrnehmung (weniger Robust):** Realität -&gt; Sinne eines anderen -&gt; dessen Meinung/Interpretation -&gt; dessen Kommunikation -&gt; meine Sinne -&gt; meine Meinung/Interpretation ## Wie kann ich zur Insel beitragen? Ich investiere meine Zeit, um zu lernen. Ich bin bestrebt, Ideen zu verstehen, um sicherzugehen, dass ich robustes Baumaterial verwende. Ich teile vermehrt Informationen, welche ich verstehe, damit auch meine Mitbewohner der Insel mit robustem Material die Insel vergrössern können. So können wir mehr Platz schaffen, wo Treibende Halt finden können. ## Was könnte diese Insel sein? - Freie Wissenschaft - Freie Software - Regeln - Funktionierende Justiz - Werkzeug - und vieles weiteres

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Córdoba is a treasure trove of Moorish architecture, Roman heritage, and Andalusian charm. Once the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate, it’s home to stunning patios, atmospheric streets, and UNESCO-listed landmarks.  ## **🏛️ Top Things to See & Do in Córdoba** ### **1️⃣ La Mezquita-Catedral 🕌⛪** - **Córdoba’s most iconic landmark**, a **UNESCO World Heritage Site**. - A breathtaking blend of **Islamic arches and a Christian cathedral**. - Don’t miss the **orange tree courtyard and bell tower views**. ### **2️⃣ Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos 🏰** - A **medieval fortress** with **stunning gardens and Mudejar courtyards**. - Walk through **Roman mosaics, ancient baths, and watchtowers**.  ### **3️⃣ Puente Romano & Calahorra Tower 🌉** - A **historic Roman bridge** over the **Guadalquivir River**. - Great for **sunset views** with the Mezquita in the background. - Visit the **Calahorra Tower Museum** for a look at Córdoba’s Islamic past. ### **4️⃣ Judería (Jewish Quarter) & Calleja de las Flores 🌺** - Wander through **narrow, whitewashed streets** lined with flowers. - Visit the **Córdoba Synagogue**, one of Spain’s last remaining medieval synagogues. - Stop by **Calleja de las Flores**, one of the most photogenic streets in Spain. ### **5️⃣ Palacio de Viana 🏡** - A **16th-century palace** with **12 stunning courtyards** filled with flowers. - A must-visit during **Córdoba’s Patio Festival (May)**. ### **6️⃣ Medina Azahara 🏛️** - The ruins of a **10th-century Moorish palace-city**, 8 km from Córdoba. - One of the greatest **archaeological sites** from Al-Andalus. ### **7️⃣ Plaza de la Corredera & Local Tapas 🍷** - A lively **square** with **colorful buildings and traditional bars**. - Try local specialties like **salmorejo (cold tomato soup) and flamenquín (breaded ham & cheese roll)**.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Córdoba** - **Salmorejo** – A thick **cold tomato soup**, topped with ham and egg 🍅 - **Flamenquín** – A **deep-fried pork roll** stuffed with ham & cheese 🥩🧀 - **Rabo de toro** – Slow-cooked **oxtail stew**, a classic dish 🥘 - **Berenjenas con miel** – Fried **eggplant drizzled with honey** 🍆🍯 - **Montilla-Moriles wine** – A local **sherry-like wine** 🍷  ## **🚗 How to Get to Córdoba** 🚆 **By Train:** **High-speed AVE trains** from **Madrid (1 hr 45 min), Seville (45 min), Málaga (1 hr)** 🚘 **By Car:** 1.5 hrs from **Seville**, 2 hrs from **Granada**, 1 hr 40 min from **Málaga** 🚌 **By Bus:** Regular connections from major Andalusian cities ✈️ **By Air:** Closest airports are **Seville (SVQ) or Málaga (AGP)**  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Córdoba** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **Spring (April–May)** for mild weather & flower-filled patios 🌸 ✅ **Visit early morning or late afternoon** to avoid the midday heat ☀️ ✅ **Book Mezquita tickets in advance** to skip long queues 🎟️ ✅ **Try the local patios** – Many houses open their courtyards for visitors 🏡 

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

> I was curious to see how Stacker.News domain and website contents scored from a SEO (Search Engine Optimization) perspective. Here what Semrush nows about SN. But first have alook at the Page Performance Score on Google (Detailled report available [here](https://pagespeed.web.dev/analysis/https-stacker-news/pjnc9jgscy?form_factor=mobile)). **Performance** and **Accessibility** looks have really low score! | Desktop | Mobile | |---|---| |  |  | |  |  | Now let's see what Semrush knows. # Analytics General view on your metrics and performance trend compared to last 30 days.   See estimations of stacker.news's desktop and mobile traffic based on Semrush’s proprietary AI and machine learning algorithms, petabytes of clickstream data, and Big Data technologies.  Distribution of SN's organic traffic and keywords by country. The Organic Traffic graph shows changes in the amount of estimated organic and paid traffic driven to the SN analyzed domain over time.  | Organic Search | Backlinks Analytics | |---|---| | |  | | Position Changes Trend | Top Page Changes | |---|---| | |  | |This trend allows you to monitor organic traffic changes, as well as improved and declined positions.| Top pages with the biggest traffic changes over the last 28 days. |  # Competitors  The Competitive Positioning Map shows the strengths and weaknesses of SN competitive domains' presence in organic search results. Data visualizations are based on the domain's organic traffic and the number of keywords that they are ranking for in Google's top 20 organic search results. The larger the circle, the more visibility a domain has. Below, a list of domains an analyzed domain is competing against in Google's top 20 organic search results.  # Referring Domains   # Daily Stats | Organic Traffic | Organic Keywords | Backlinks | |---|---|---| | 976 | 15.9K | 126K | | `-41.87%` | `-16.4%` | `-1.62%` | ### 📝 Traffic Drop Traffic downturn detected! It appears SN domain experienced a traffic drop of 633 in the last 28 days. Take a closer look at these pages with significant traffic decline and explore areas for potential improvement. Here are the pages taking the biggest hits: - https://stacker.news/items/723989 ⬇️ -15 - https://stacker.news/items/919813 ⬇️ -12 - https://stacker.news/items/783355 ⬇️ -5 ### 📉 Decreased Authority Score Uh-oh! Your Authority score has dropped from 26 to 25. Don't worry, we're here to assist you. Check out the new/lost backlinks in the Backlink Analytics tool to uncover insights on how to boost your authority. ### 🌟 New Keywords Opportunity Alert! Targeting these keywords could help you increase organic traffic quickly and efficiently. We've found some low-hanging fruits for you! Take a look at these keywords: - nitter.moomoo.me — Volume 70 - 0xchat — Volume 30 - amethyst nostr — Volume 30 ### 🛠️ Broken Pages This could hurt the user experience and lead to a loss in organic traffic. Time to take action: amend those pages or set up redirects. Here below, few pages on SN domain that are either broken or not _crawlable_: - https://stacker.news/404 — 38 backlinks - https://stacker.news/api/capture/items/91154 — 24 backlinks - https://stacker.news/api/capture/items/91289 — 24 backlinks Dees this post give you some insights? Hope so, comment below if you have any SEO suggestion? Mine is to improve or keep an eye on Accessibility! One of the major issues I found is that SN does not have a `robots.txt`, a key simple text file that allow crawlers to read or not-read the website for indexing purposes. @k00b and @ek is that voluntary? Here are other basic info to improve the SEO score and for those of us that want to learn more: - Intro to Accessibility: https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/accessibility-intro/ - Design for Accessibility: https://www.w3.org/WAI/tips/designing/ - Web Accessibility Best Practices: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/web-accessibility-best-practices/ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/925433

@ b04082ac:29b5c55b

In the bustling markets of Kumasi, the 19th-century capital of the Asante Empire in modern-day Ghana, traders conducted their commerce not with coins or paper notes, but with gold dust measured by intricately crafted brass spoons. This monetary system, devoid of a central bank or state-issued fiat, sustained a sophisticated civilization for over two centuries, challenging the conventional narrative that money requires a sovereign issuer to function. The Asante’s gold dust economy provides a historical lens through which to view the principles of sound money—principles that Bitcoin, with its fixed supply and decentralized architecture, resurrects in the digital realm. For those who recognize Bitcoin’s potential as a transformative monetary system, the Asante’s gold dust spoons serve as a compelling precedent: a medium of exchange rooted in scarcity and trust can underpin a thriving society, independent of centralized authority. *Map from 1896 of the British Gold Coast Colony (today Ghana).* The Asante Empire, spanning from 1701 to 1901, relied on sika futuro—gold dust painstakingly extracted from rivers and forests—as its primary currency. Measured with spoons and brass weights known as abrammo, this system was remarkably decentralized. Each trader carried their own set of tools, often adorned with proverbs or symbolic designs, enabling them to verify transactions without reliance on a centralized mint or overseer. By 1900, the Asante had amassed 14 million ounces of gold, a volume that rivaled the economic output of many European nations during the same period. This wealth fueled extensive trade networks across West Africa, connecting the empire to merchants from the coast to the interior, and supported cultural artifacts like the Golden Stool, a revered symbol of collective sovereignty forged from gold. The value of gold dust stemmed not from a royal proclamation but from its inherent scarcity and the labor required to obtain it—qualities that economists identify as the bedrock of sound money. Bitcoin reflects this paradigm: its cap of 21 million coins, enforced through cryptographic consensus rather than governmental fiat, establishes a monetary discipline immune to arbitrary expansion. The Asante’s experience underscores a fundamental economic insight: money derives its efficacy not from state endorsement, but from its ability to resist manipulation and retain value over time. *Men in the process of weighing gold dust, photographed on the Ivory Coast in 1892. From Marcel Monnier’s France Noire Cote d’Ivoire et Soudan, 1894.* Economic history teaches that sound money lowers time preference, encouraging saving and long-term planning over immediate consumption. The Asante’s gold dust, hard-won from the earth, could not be inflated at will; its supply expanded only incrementally, dictated by the limits of human effort and natural deposits. This constraint fostered a culture of accumulation, where wealth was preserved across generations, evident in the empire’s ability to finance infrastructure, such as roads linking trade hubs, and maintain a formidable military presence that deterred regional rivals. Historical records, such as those from anthropologist R.S. Rattray, describe how gold dust was hoarded in family coffers, passed down as a stable store of value. Bitcoin embodies this same dynamic. Its fixed issuance schedule—halving roughly every four years—mimics the gradual accretion of gold dust, encouraging holders to prioritize long-term retention over short-term expenditure. In contrast, fiat currencies, subject to unrestrained printing, elevate time preference, as seen in modern economies where central banks flood markets with liquidity, eroding purchasing power and compelling consumption over saving—a fate the Asante’s gold dust and Bitcoin’s design inherently avoid. *An array of gold dust spoons from the Asante Empire, each adorned with detailed engravings and symbolic motifs, reflecting their role in trade and cultural heritage.* The tools of the Asante economy further illustrate this monetary discipline. The spoons, ranging from 1/16-ounce measures for daily purchases to 2-ounce weights for significant transactions, were not mere utensils but instruments of precision and trust. Crafted with care—some bearing motifs of birds or proverbs like “The bird flies high”—they standardized trade across a diverse empire, reducing disputes over quantity or purity. Each trader’s possession of their own abrammo weights created a network of verification, a decentralized mechanism that prefigures Bitcoin’s blockchain. In Bitcoin’s system, nodes—computers running the protocol—validate every transaction, ensuring integrity without a central arbiter. This parallel is not superficial: both the Asante’s spoons and Bitcoin’s nodes represent a distributed order, where trust emerges from the system’s structure rather than a single authority. The Asante’s trade practices, documented by historians like Timothy Garrard, reveal a sophistication that belies their pre-industrial context—merchants negotiated with precision, their gold dust facilitating commerce from salt to textiles, much as Bitcoin enables peer-to-peer exchange across continents. *A collection of intricately crafted gold dust spoons from the Asante Empire, showcasing the artistry and cultural significance of gold in Akan trade and tradition.* Trust was the cornerstone of the Asante system, a quality that transcends its physical medium. Gold dust bore intrinsic worth, its weight a palpable assurance of value, a property recognized by European traders as early as the 15th century, well before the Asante state coalesced in 1701. This trust was not legislated but cultivated over centuries, a cultural conviction in the reliability of a scarce resource. Bitcoin’s trust arises from a different foundation: vast computational effort expended in mining secures its network, while a cryptographic framework ensures its integrity against tampering. Neither system depends on a sovereign guarantor; both derive legitimacy from attributes embedded in their design—scarcity and verifiability for gold dust, computational proof and immutability for Bitcoin. The Asante’s economy succumbed to colonial intervention in 1896, when British forces outlawed gold dust in favor of imperial currency, yet its principles endured in illicit trade, hinting at a resilience that Bitcoin amplifies. Bitcoin’s global network, operating beyond the reach of any single jurisdiction, withstands regulatory assaults—miners relocate, nodes persist—offering a durability the Asante could only aspire to in their regional confines. One modern theory, Modern Monetary Theory (MMT), posits that money gains legitimacy solely through state declaration, underpinned by taxation and legal tender laws. The Asante’s experience contradicts this. Gold dust circulated among the Akan peoples long before the empire’s formation, its adoption predating any centralized authority; Asante kings taxed it but did not invent it. MMT’s insistence on government fiat as the source of monetary value overlooks the spontaneous emergence of money from human exchange—a process the Asante and Bitcoin demonstrate with clarity. *A detailed gold dust spoon from the Asante Empire, featuring symbolic engravings and a prominent animal motif, highlighting the cultural and spiritual significance of its design* Yet, the parallel between the Asante’s gold dust economy and Bitcoin might appear strained. Critics could argue that the Asante operated in a pre-industrial, regional context, their gold dust suited to a localized barter system, while Bitcoin contends with a global, digital economy of unprecedented complexity. The physicality of gold dust, they might contend, differs fundamentally from Bitcoin’s intangible code, and the Asante’s eventual subjugation by colonial fiat suggests state power ultimately prevails. This critique, however, misjudges the essence of the comparison. The Asante’s system thrived not because of its scale or medium, but because it embodied sound money—scarcity ensured its value, decentralization preserved its integrity. Bitcoin extends these principles, its fixed supply and distributed ledger transcending physical limits to achieve global reach. The Asante’s fall to colonial force reflects not a flaw in their money, but a lack of technological resilience—Bitcoin’s network, spanning continents and fortified by cryptography, shrugs off such threats, proving the concept’s adaptability rather than its weakness. *A single gold dust spoon from the Asante Empire, featuring geometric patterns and intricate engravings, a testament to the Akan's skilled metalwork and economic traditions.* The Asante’s gold dust economy persisted for two centuries, a testament to monetary sovereignty until colonial powers dismantled it. Its legacy lies in its demonstration that a decentralized, scarce medium can drive economic vitality—a lesson Bitcoin inherits and expands. By 2025, Bitcoin’s market value exceeds a trillion dollars, a quiet rebellion against central banks that echoes the Asante’s independence from state-issued money. The spoons—each a tool of meticulous trade—foreshadow Bitcoin’s blockchain, a ledger of unalterable trust. Their story reaffirms an enduring economic principle: money’s strength lies in its resistance to debasement, not in the power of its issuer. The Asante built an empire on this foundation, leveraging gold dust to forge a society of wealth and stability. Bitcoin, unbound by geography or politics, extends this logic into an era of unprecedented connectivity. If the Asante achieved such heights with a regional system, what might Bitcoin accomplish as a global one? The answer lies not in speculation, but in the hands of those who understand and wield its potential.

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

**Autor:** **[Dr. Ulrike Guérot.](https://www.ulrike-guerot.de/ueber-mich/biografie)** *(Foto:* *[Manuela Haltiner](https://www.ulrike-guerot.de/mediathek/fotos)). Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem **[Pareto-Client](https://pareto.space/read)** geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden **[hier.](https://pareto.space/read?category=friedenstaube)*** *** Ich bin 60 Jahre. Einer meiner Großväter, Wilhelm Hammelstein, liegt auf dem [Soldatenfriedhof in Riga](https://images.app.goo.gl/JzVgJaceYJrvyRLw8) begraben. Der andere, mütterlicherseits, Paul Janus, kam ohne Beine aus dem Krieg zurück, auch aus Russland. Ich kenne ihn nur mit Prothesen und Krücken. Er hat immer bei Wetterwechsel über Phantomschmerz geklagt und ist seines Lebens nicht mehr froh geworden. Den Krieg hat man ihm im Gesicht angesehen, auch wenn ich das als kleines Mädchen nicht verstanden habe. ### "Ihr könnt euch nicht vorstellen, was ich gesehen habe" Von den Russen hat er trotzdem nie schlecht geredet. Was er immer nur zu uns Enkelkindern gesagt war: \*„Ihr könnt euch nicht vorstellen, was ich gesehen habe“. \* Wir haben es nicht verstanden, als 6- oder 8-Jährige, und haben gelacht. Manchmal haben wir ihm seine Krücken weggenommen, die immer an den Ohrensessel gelehnt waren, dann konnte Opa Paul nicht aufstehen und ist wütend geworden.  Meine Mutter, Helga Hammelstein, ist im Mai 1939 gleichsam in den Krieg hineingeboren worden, in Schlesien. 1945 gab es für sie, wie für viele, Flucht und Vertreibung. Ob sie und ihre zwei Schwestern von den Russen vergewaltigt wurden – wie damals so viele – kann ich nicht sagen. Diese Themen waren bei uns tabuisiert. Was ich sagen kann, ist, dass meine Mutter als Flüchtlings- und Kriegskind vom Krieg hochgradig traumatisiert war – und als Kriegsenkelin war oder bin ich es wohl auch noch. Eigentlich merke ich das erst heute so richtig, wo wieder Krieg auf dem europäischen Kontinent ist und Europa auch in den Krieg ziehen, wo es kriegstüchtig gemacht werden soll. Vielleicht habe ich mich aufgrund dieser Familiengeschichte immer so für Europa, für die europäische Integration interessiert, für die EU, die einmal als Friedensprojekt geplant war. Ich habe Zeit meines Lebens, seit nunmehr 30 Jahren, in verschiedenen Positionen, als Referentin im Deutschen Bundestag, in Think Tanks oder an Universitäten akademisch, intellektuell, publizistisch und künstlerisch zum Thema Europa gearbeitet. 1989 habe ich einen Franzosen geheiratet, ich hatte mich beim Studium in Paris verliebt und in den 1990-Jahren in Paris zwei Söhne bekommen. Auch in der französischen Familie gab es bittere Kriegserfahrungen: der Mann der Oma meines damaligen Mannes war 6 Jahre in deutscher Kriegsgefangenschaft. *„Pourquoi tu dois marier une Allemande?“* *„Warum musst du eine Deutsche heiraten?“,* wurde mein damaliger Mann noch gefragt. Das Misstrauen mir gegenüber wurde erst ausgeräumt, als wir ihr 1991 den kleinen Felix, unseren erstgeborenen Sohn, in den Schoß gelegt haben. ### Das europäische Friedensprojekt ist gescheitert Das europäische Einheits- und Friedensprojekt war damals, nach dem Mauerfall, in einer unbeschreiblichen Aufbruchstimmung, die sich heute niemand mehr vorstellen kann: Der ganze Kontinent in fröhlicher Stimmung - *insieme, gemeinsam, together, ensemble* – und wollte politisch zusammenwachsen. Heute ist es gescheitert und ich fasse es nicht! Das Kriegsgeheul in ganz Europa macht mich nachgerade verrückt. Darum habe ich ein europäisches Friedensprojekt ins Leben gerufen: **The[European Peace Project.](https://europeanpeaceproject.eu/)** Am Europatag, den 9. Mai, um 17 Uhr, wollen wir in ganz Europa in allen europäischen und auf dem ganzen europäischen Kontinent als europäische Bürger den Frieden ausrufen! Ich würde mich freuen, wenn viele mitmachen! *** **DIE FRIEDENSTAUBE JETZT ABONNIEREN:** ***[Hier](https://pareto.space/u/friedenstaube@pareto.space)*** *können Sie die Friedenstaube abonnieren und bekommen die Artikel in Ihr Postfach, vorerst für alle kostenfrei, wir starten gänzlich ohne Paywall. (Die Bezahlabos fangen erst zu laufen an, wenn ein Monetarisierungskonzept für die Inhalte steht).* *** Schon jetzt können Sie uns unterstützen: * Für **50 CHF/EURO** bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo der Friedenstaube. * Für **120 CHF/EURO** bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo und ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube. * Für **500 CHF/EURO** werden Sie Förderer und bekommen ein lebenslanges Abo sowie ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube. * Ab **1000 CHF** werden Sie Genossenschafter der Friedenstaube mit Stimmrecht (und bekommen lebenslanges Abo, T-Shirt/Hoodie). **Für Einzahlungen in CHF (Betreff: Friedenstaube):** [](https://substackcdn.com:443/image/fetch/f_auto%2Cq_auto%3Agood%2Cfl_progressive%3Asteep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3fdee17a-c22f-404e-a10c-7f87a7b8182a_2176x998.png) **Für Einzahlungen in Euro:** Milosz Matuschek IBAN DE 53710520500000814137 BYLADEM1TST Sparkasse Traunstein-Trostberg **Betreff: Friedenstaube** Wenn Sie auf anderem Wege beitragen wollen, schreiben Sie die Friedenstaube an: <milosz@pareto.space> oder <kontakt@idw-europe.org>. *** ### Wo bleibt ein deutsch-russisches Jugendwerk? Mein Lieblingsbuch zu Europa ist [Laurent Gaudet, Nous, L’Europe, banquet des peuples](https://www.ebay.de/itm/196814550786?chn=ps&_ul=DE&_trkparms=ispr=1\&amdata=enc:1456-zmCkTIilINXg06WrJA11\&norover=1\&mkevt=1\&mkrid=707-134425-41852-0\&mkcid=2\&mkscid=101\&itemid=196814550786\&targetid=2352380670613\&device=c\&mktype=pla\&googleloc=9043099\&poi=\&campaignid=21664105386\&mkgroupid=163858055661\&rlsatarget=pla-2352380670613\&abcId=10011854\&merchantid=137586159\&gad_source=1\&gbraid=0AAAAAD_G4xadgSaZ93fvbYkqxT8abRAnt\&gclid=Cj0KCQjwv_m-BhC4ARIsAIqNeBstESl5uoNmqFB4w3UdOT8LQNEdIINq1qeLhOMh7VXSFYLISYZVJQoaAonWEALw_wcB)*. „Wir, Europa! Ein Banquet der Völker“* Es ist ein großartiges Gedicht, etwa wie die Ilias von Homer. Es beschreibt die letzten einhundert Jahre europäische Geschichte, die ganzen Krieg und Revolutionen. Und es beschreibt doch, was uns als Europäer eint. Darin findet sich der – für mich wunderschöne! - Satz: *„Ce que nous partageons, c’est ce que nous étions tous bourraux et victime.“* *„Was wir als Europäer teilen ist, dass wir alle zugleich Opfer und Täter waren“*.  Und doch haben wir es geschafft, die „Erbfeindschaft“ zu beenden und uns auszusöhnen, zum Beispiel die Deutschen und Franzosen, über ein [deutsch-französisches Jugendwerk](https://www.dfjw.org), das 1963 gegründet wurde. So ein Jugendwerk wünsche ich mir auch heute zwischen Europa und Russland! Das Epos von Laurent Gaudet ist in einem Theaterstück von dem französischen Regisseur Roland Auzet [auf die Bühne gebracht worden](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oORSX-G-SDo). In dem 40-köpfigen Ensemble sind verschiedene Nationalitäten aus ganz Europa: das Stück ist fantastisch! Ich selber habe es auf dem Theaterfestival in Avignon 2019 sehen dürfen! Ich wünsche mir, dass wir statt jetzt für Milliarden überall in Europa Waffen zu kaufen, das Geld dafür auftreiben, dieses Theaterstück in jede europäische Stadt zu bringen: wenn das gelänge, hätten wohl alle verstanden, was es heißt, Europäer zu sein: nämlich Frieden zu machen! *** *Ulrike Guérot, Jg. 1964, ist europäische Professorin, Publizistin und Bestsellerautorin. Seit rund 30 Jahren beschäftigt sie sich in europäischen Think Tanks und Universitäten in Paris, Brüssel, London, Washington, New York, Wien und Berlin mit Fragen der europäischen Demokratie, sowie mit der Rolle Europas in der Welt. Ulrike Guérot ist seit März 2014 Gründerin und Direktorin des European Democracy Labs, e.V.,Berlin und initiierte im März 2023 das European Citizens Radio, das auf Spotify zu finden ist. Zuletzt erschien von ihr* *["Über Halford J. Mackinders Heartland-Theorie, Der geografische Drehpunkt der Geschichte"](https://www.buchkomplizen.de/buecher/politik/ueber-halford-j-mackinders-heartland-theorie.html?listtype=search\&searchparam=heartland), Westend, 2024). Mehr Infos zur Autorin* *[hier.](https://www.ulrike-guerot.de/ueber-mich/biografie)* *** **Sie sind noch nicht auf** [Nostr](https://nostr.com/) **and wollen die volle Erfahrung machen (liken, kommentieren etc.)? Zappen können Sie den Autor auch ohne Nostr-Profil!** Erstellen Sie sich einen Account auf [Start.](https://start.njump.me/) Weitere Onboarding-Leitfäden gibt es im [Pareto-Wiki.](https://wiki.pareto.space/de/home)

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/925400

@ 30876140:cffb1126

The portal is closing. The symphony comes to an end. Ballet, a dance of partners, A wish of hearts, Now closing its curtains. I foolishly sit Eagerly waiting For the circus to begin again, As crowds file past me, Chuckles and popcorn falling, Crushed under foot, I sit waiting For the show to carry on. But the night is now over, The laughs have been had, The music been heard, The dancers are gone now Into the nightbreeze chill. Yet still, I sit waiting, The empty chairs yawning, A cough, I start, could it be? Yet the lights now go out, And now without my sight I am truly alone in the theater. Yet still, I am waiting For the show to carry on, But I know that it won’t, Yet still, I am waiting. Never shall I leave For the show was too perfect And nothing perfect should ever be finished.

@ e5de992e:4a95ef85

## Overview On March 25, 2025, U.S. stock markets experienced modest gains despite declining volume and a drop in the Consumer Confidence Index, indicating that investors remain cautiously optimistic amid mixed economic signals. --- ## U.S. Stock Indices - **S&P 500:** - Increased by **0.2%** - Closed at **5,776.65 points** - Marked its third consecutive winning session, but volume was declining. - **Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA):** - Rose marginally by **0.01%** - Ended at **42,587.50 points** - Volume was declining. - **Nasdaq Composite:** - Advanced by **0.5%** - Finished at **18,271.86 points** - Volume was declining. --- ## U.S. Futures Market - **S&P 500 Futures:** - Rose by **0.06%**, suggesting a modestly positive opening. - **Dow Jones Futures:** - Remained unchanged, indicating a neutral sentiment among investors. *Note: Both futures segments are experiencing low volume.* --- ## Key Factors Influencing U.S. Markets - **Trade Policy Developments:** Investor sentiment has been influenced by reports suggesting that President Donald Trump's proposed tariffs may be more narrowly targeted than initially feared—potentially exempting certain sectors. This has alleviated some concerns regarding the impact of trade policies on economic growth. - **Economic Data Releases:** The Consumer Confidence Index declined, reflecting growing concerns about economic expectations. However, positive corporate earnings reports have contributed to the market's resilience. - **Sector-Specific News:** - **International Paper** saw significant stock price increases due to upbeat growth outlooks. - **United Parcel Service (UPS)** faced declines amid reduced earnings projections. --- ## Global Stock Indices Performance International markets displayed mixed performances: - **Germany's DAX:** - Experienced a slight decline of **0.32%** - Closed at **23,109.79 points** - Initial optimism regarding tariff negotiations waned. - **UK's FTSE 100:** - Fell marginally by **0.10%** - Reflects investor caution amid mixed economic data. - **Hong Kong's Hang Seng:** - Declined by **2.35%** - Closed at **23,344.25 points** - Impacted by a downturn in Chinese tech shares and ongoing tariff concerns. - **Japan's Nikkei 225:** - Showed resilience with a modest gain, influenced by positive domestic economic indicators. --- ## Cryptocurrency Market The cryptocurrency market has experienced notable activity: - **Bitcoin (BTC):** - Trading at approximately **$87,460** - Down **1.23%** from the previous close. - **Ethereum (ETH):** - Priced around **$2,057.22** - Marked a **0.69%** uptick from the prior session. These movements indicate the market’s sensitivity to regulatory developments and macroeconomic factors. --- ## Key Global Economic and Geopolitical Events - **Trade Tensions and Tariff Policies:** Ongoing discussions regarding U.S. tariff implementations have created an atmosphere of uncertainty, influencing global market sentiment and leading to cautious investor behavior. - **Central Bank Communications:** Statements from Federal Reserve officials and other central bank representatives are being closely monitored for insights into future monetary policy directions, especially in light of evolving economic conditions and inflationary pressures. - **Cryptocurrency Regulatory Environment:** Anticipation of a more favorable regulatory landscape under the current administration has contributed to recent rallies in major cryptocurrencies, though analysts caution that these rebounds may be fleeting amid broader market dynamics. --- ## Conclusion Global financial markets are navigating a complex environment shaped by trade policy developments, economic data releases, and sector-specific news. Investors are advised to remain vigilant and consider these factors when making informed decisions, as they are likely to continue influencing market behavior in the foreseeable future. ---

@ f6488c62:c929299d

เมื่อไม่นานมานี้ ไมเคิล เซย์เลอร์ ต้อนรับ Ryan Cohen ประธาน GameStop เข้าสู่ "ทีมบิตคอยน์" หลังบริษัทประกาศใช้บิตคอยน์เป็นทรัพย์สินสำรองอย่างเป็นทางการ เหตุการณ์นี้ไม่เพียงสะท้อนความเชื่อมั่นในสกุลเงินดิจิทัลของเซย์เลอร์ แต่ยังพิสูจน์ให้เห็นว่าเขาเป็นนักปฏิบัติผู้เปลี่ยนความเชื่อให้เป็นการกระทำจริง ไม่ใช่แค่การพูดคุยทฤษฎี ทุกการตัดสินใจของเขาเปรียบเสมือนเข็มทิศนำทางองค์กรธุรกิจสู่ยุคดิจิทัลอย่างไม่หลบเลี่ยง แม้ต้องเผชิญความผันผวนของตลาดและเสียงวิพากษ์นับไม่ถ้วน เขายังคงยืนหยัดด้วยความแน่วแน่แบบเดียวกับวันที่ตัดสินใจลงทุนมหาศาลผ่าน MicroStrategy เป็นครั้งแรก การสังเกตความเด็ดขาดของเซย์เลอร์ทำให้ฉุกคิดถึงความลังเลในตัวเองได้ไม่น้อย แม้จะเชื่อในหลักการบางอย่าง แต่ก็มักพบว่าตนเองยังก้าวไม่พ้นกรอบความคิดแบบ "รอความพร้อม" หรือ "กลัวความเสี่ยง" ซึ่งอาจเป็นกับดักของคนชอบอยู่ในคอมฟอร์ตโซนเสียมากกว่า เซย์เลอร์สอนบทเรียนสำคัญผ่านการกระทำว่าโอกาสไม่อาจรอให้สมบูรณ์แบบ และวิสัยทัศน์ที่ชัดเจนต้องมาพร้อมความกล้าที่จะริเริ่ม แม้จุดสิ้นสุดจะไม่แน่นอน เหตุการณ์ที่เขาเชิญชวน Ryan Cohen เข้าสู่โลกบิตคอยน์ก็เป็นตัวอย่างชัดเจนว่าเส้นทางสู่การเปลี่ยนแปลงมักเริ่มจากความกล้าที่จะก้าวออกก่อน ไม่ใช่การรอให้ทุกอย่างลงตัว การเคลื่อนไหวของ GameStop ถือเป็นสัญญาณความเปลี่ยนแปลงของระบบเศรษฐกิจยุคใหม่ที่บิตคอยน์ไม่ใช่แค่เครื่องมือลงทุน แต่เป็นสัญลักษณ์ของความคิดก้าวหน้า เซย์เลอร์กำลังท้าทายกรอบคิดเดิมๆ ผ่านการลงมือทำที่ผสมผสานความกล้าหาญ วิสัยทัศน์ระยะยาว และความเชื่อมั่นอย่างเหนียวแน่น เขาไม่เพียงสร้างแรงกระเพื่อมในวงการเงิน แต่ยังทิ้งคำถามให้เราต้องทบทวนตัวเองอยู่เสมอ: อะไรคือสิ่งที่เราเชื่อมั่นพอจะทุ่มเททั้งชีวิตจิตใจ? บทเรียนจากชายคนนี้อาจไม่เกี่ยวกับการลงทุนล้วนๆ แต่เกี่ยวกับศิลปะการตัดสินใจที่เปลี่ยนความเชื่อให้กลายเป็นความจริงได้ด้วยสองมือของตัวเอง ปล. ดูๆ ไปแล้ว เขาก็คล้ายๆ ด๊อกเตอร์สเตร็นจ์ มากเหมือนกัน 555

@ 9711d1ab:863ebd81

Welcome back friends! We’ve made it to the end of March, congratulations. Here’s what we’ve got to share this month: - 🎓 *The SDK Class of Q1* - 🤓 *Back to School with Antonio* - ⚡️ *Lightning is Everywhere* - 🎙️ *Shooting the Breez with Danny, Umi & Roy* --- ## The SDK Class of Q1 2025 🎓 We’ve been talking a lot about [**momentum**](https://medium.com/breez-technology/breez-has-been-building-momentum-and-were-just-getting-started-06cf97c272ab) at Breez and we’re seeing it build every day. More partners are adding Bitcoin payments with our SDK and more sats are moving freely around the world. By offering the choice of two implementations, [Nodeless](https://sdk-doc-liquid.breez.technology/) and [Native](https://sdk-doc-greenlight.breez.technology/), we’re truly building the best Lightning developer experience out there. *And the momentum just keeps growing stronger.* In fact, we’ve welcomed so many new partners that we had to bundle them all into [one big announcement](https://blog.breez.technology/the-breez-sdk-class-of-q1-2025-1238ef1a5a98) — it’s our pleasure to welcome the **SDK Class of Q1 2025**: [Assetify](https://x.com/AssetifyNet), [Cowbolt](https://x.com/cowbolt_com), [DexTrade](https://x.com/dextrademain), [Flash](https://x.com/paywflash), [Lightning Pay](https://x.com/lightningpaynz), [OpenAgents](https://x.com/OpenAgentsInc), [Satoshi](https://x.com/satoshimoneybtc), [Shakesco](https://x.com/shakescowallet), [Tidebinder](https://x.com/TidebinderLN), and [ZapZap](https://x.com/ZapZapBot). --- ## Back to School with Antonio 🚌 We tell everyone we meet that adding Bitcoin payments to apps is **really easy** with the Breez SDK. But rather than just tell you this, we’ve decided to show you. Antonio, one of our talented developers at Breez, has produced a video tutorial showing how you can add Bitcoin payments to React Native and Expo apps with the [Breez SDK - Nodeless](https://sdk-doc-liquid.breez.technology/). Join him as he guides you through each step and shows that it really is ***that* *easy*** to add Bitcoin payments to any app with our SDK. --- ## Lightning is Everywhere. It’s true — Lightning is *everywhere*. Bitcoin payments aren’t just a thing for the few, they’re for the many. This month, we’re showcasing our friends at Cowbolt. They’ve just released their collaborative cost-splitting, team-chat, and self-custody app ([check it out](https://cowbolt.com/)). --- ## Shooting the Breez 🌬️ Since [releasing our Bitcoin payment report](https://x.com/Breez_Tech/status/1887518233432822182) — where we explained that Bitcoin isn’t *just* digital gold, it’s a thriving everyday currency accessible to millions of people around the world — Bitcoin payments have been the talk of the town. As co-author of the report, I joined the *Stephan Livera Podcast* to discuss the growing trend in more detail. I also [met up with Bo Jablonski](https://x.com/thecryptoradiox/status/1891771116340858928) to explain why more and more apps are taking notice on the newly-formed *Guardians of Bitcoin* radio show. Developments have come thick and fast over the past month — most notably, the announcement of USDT coming to Lightning ([check out Roy’s take on the good, the bad, and the unknown in Bitcoin Magazine](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/technical/usdt-on-lightning-the-good-the-bad-and-the-unknown)). Breez’s BD Lead, Umi, [joined a Spaces on X with UXTO, Amboss, and Lightning Labs](https://x.com/LnfiNetwork/status/1899321196698874344) to discuss the stablecoin’s imminent arrival on the network. That’s not all from Umi, she also [joined her alma mater at the Cornell Bitcoin Club](https://x.com/CornellBitcoin/status/1903143970185625926) to explain why bitcoin is a medium of exchange, thanks to Lightning. And last but not least, Roy was spreading the good word of Bitcoin, joining Bitfinex’s podcast to explain how Lightning is truly changing the game. --- And there we go folks, another edition of *Feel the Breez* has come to a close. As always, we’ll leave you with our usual parting comment: [*the best time to get into Lightning is now*](https://breez.technology/sdk/) — it always has been. **Stay tuned for exciting announcements we’ll be releasing soon.** Until next time ✌️

@ 220522c2:61e18cb4

npub1ygzj9skr9val9yqxkf67yf9jshtyhvvl0x76jp5er09nsc0p3j6qr260k2 

@ 1bda7e1f:bb97c4d9

### Tldr - Nostr is a new open social protocol for the internet - You can use it to create your own online community website/app for your users - This needs only a few simple components that are free and open source - Jumble.Social client is a front-end for showing your community content to your users - Simple With Whitelist relay (SW2) is a back-end with simple auth for your community content - In this blog I explain the components and set up a online community website/app that any community or company can use for their own users, for free. ### You Can Run Your Own Private "X" For Free Nostr is a new open social protocol for the internet. Because it is a protocol it is not controlled by any one company, does not reside on any one set of servers, does not require any licenses, and no one can stop you from using it however you like. When the name Nostr is recognised, it is as a "Twitter/X alternative" – that is an online open public forum. Nostr is more than just this. The open nature of the protocol means that you can use it however you feel like, including that you can use it for creating your own social websites to suit whatever goals you have – anything from running your own team collaboration app, to running your own online community. Nostr can be anything – not just an alternative to X, but also to Slack, Teams, Discord, Telegram (etc) – any kind of social app you'd like to run for your users can be run on Nostr. In this blog I will show you how to launch your own community website, for your community members to use however they like, with low code, and for free. #### Simple useful components Nostr has a few simple components that work together to provide your experience – - **Your "client"** – an app or a website front-end that you log into, which displays the content you want to see - **Your "relay"** – a server back-end which receives and stores content, and sends it to clients - **Your "user"** – a set of keys which represents a user on the network, - **Your "content"** – any user content created and signed by a user, distributed to any relay, which can be picked up and viewed by any client. It is a pattern that is used by every other social app on the internet, excepting that in those cases you can usually only view content in their app, and only post your content to their server. Vs with Nostr where you can use any client (app) and any relay (server), including your own. This is defined as a standard in [NIP-01](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/01.md) which is simple enough that you can master it in a weekend, and with which you can build any kind of application. The design space is wide open for anyone to build anything– - Clones of [Twitter](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vitorpamplona.amethyst), [Instagram](https://olas.app/), [Telegram](https://0xchat.com/), [Medium](https://habla.news/), [Twitch](https://zap.stream/), etc, - Whole new things like [Private Ephemeral Messengers](http://shh.com), [Social Podcasting Apps](https://www.fountain.fm/), etc, - Anything else you can dream up, like replacements for B2B SaaS or ERP systems. Including that you can set up and run your own "X" for your community. #### Super powers for –private– social internet When considering my use of social internet, it is foremost private not public. Email, Whatsapp, Slack, Teams, Discord, Telegram (etc), are all about me, as a user, creating content for a selected group of individuals – close friends, colleagues, community members – not the wider public. This private social internet is crying out for the kind of powers that Nostr provides. The list of things that Nostr solves for private social internet goes on-and-on. Let me eat my own dog food for a moment. - **I am a member of a community of technology entrepreneurs** with an app for internal community comms. The interface is not fit for this purpose. Good content gets lost. Any content created within the walled kingdom cannot be shared externally. Community members cannot migrate to a different front-end, or cross-post to public social channels. - **I am a member of many communities for kids social groups**, each one with a different application and log in. There is no way to view a consolidated feed. There is no way to send one message to many communities, or share content between them. Remembering to check every feed separately is a drag. - **I am a member of a team with an app for team comms**. It costs $XXX per user per month where it should be free. I can't self-host. I can't control or export my data. I can't make it interoperate natively with other SaaS. All of my messages probably go to train a Big Co AI without my consent. In each instance "Nostr fixes this." #### Ready now for low-code admins To date Nostr has been best suited to a more technical user. To use the Nostr protocol directly has been primarily a field of great engineers building great foundations. IMO these foundations are built. They are open source, free to use, and accessible for anyone who wants to create an administer their own online community, with only low code required. To prove it, in this blog I will scratch my own itch. I need a X / Slack / Teams alternative to use with a few team members and friends (and a few AIs) as we hack on establishing a new business idea. I will set this up with Nostr using only open source code, for free. ### Designing the Solution I am mostly non-technical with helpful AI. To set up your own community website in the style of X / Slack / Teams should be possible for anyone with basic technology skills. - I have a cheap VPS which currently runs some [other](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/4f0baffd/) [unrelated](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/8ca68889/) [Nostr projects](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/setting-up-payments-on-nostr-7o6ls7/) in Docker containers, - My objective was to set up and run my own community website for my own team use, in Docker, hosted on my own server. #### User requirements What will I want from a community website? - I want my users to be able to log into a website and post content, - I want to save that content to a server I control accessed only be people I authorise, - I want my users to view only that content by default, and not be exposed to any wider public social network unless they knowingly select that, - I want my user's content to be either: - a) viewable only by other community members (i.e. for internal team comms), or - b) by the wider public (i.e. for public announcements), at the user's discretion. - I want it to be open source so that other people maintain the code for me, - I want it for free. #### Nostr solutions To achieve this with Nostr, I'll need to select some solutions "a-la carte" for each of the core components of the network. - **A client –** For my client, I have chosen Jumble. Jumble is a free open-source client by [Cody Tseng](nostr:npub1syjmjy0dp62dhccq3g97fr87tngvpvzey08llyt6ul58m2zqpzps9wf6wl), available free on [Github](https://github.com/CodyTseng/jumble) or at [Jumble.social](https://jumble.social/). I have chosen Jumble because it is a "relay-centric" client. In key spots the user interface highlights for the user what relay they are viewing, and what relay they are posting to. As a result, it is a beautiful fit for me to use as the home of all my community content. - **A relay –** For my relay, I have chosen [Simple With Whitelist (SW2)](https://github.com/bitvora/sw2). SW2 is a free open-source relay by [Utxo The Webmaster](nostr:npub1utx00neqgqln72j22kej3ux7803c2k986henvvha4thuwfkper4s7r50e8), based on [Khatru](https://khatru.nostr.technology/) by [Fiatjaf](nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6), available free on [Github](https://github.com/bitvora/sw2). I have chosen SW2 because it allows for very simple configuration of user auth. Users can be given read access to view notes, and write access to post notes within simple `config.json` files. This allows you to keep community content private or selectively share it in a variety of ways. Per the Nostr protocol, your client will connect with your relay via websocket. - **A user sign-up flow –** Jumble has a user sign-up flow using Nstart by Fiatjaf, or as an admin I can create and provision my own users with any simple tool like [NAK](https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak) or [Nostrtool](https://nostrtool.com/). - **A user content flow –** Jumble has a user content flow that can post notes to selected relays of the users choice. Rich media is uploaded to free third-party hosts like [Nostr.build](https://nostr.build/), and in the future there is scope to self-host this too. With each of these boxes ticked I'm ready to start. ### Launching a Private Community Website with Jumble and SW2 #### Install your SW2 relay The relay is the trickiest part, so let's start there. SW2 is my Nostr relay software of choice. It is a Go application and includes full instructions for Go install. However, I prefer Docker, so I have built a Docker version and maintain a [Docker branch here](https://github.com/r0d8lsh0p/sw2/tree/docker). **1 – In a terminal clone the repo and checkout the Docker branch** ``` git clone https://github.com/r0d8lsh0p/sw2.git cd sw2 git checkout docker ``` **2 – Set up the environment variables** These are specified in the readme. Duplicate the example .env file and fill it with your variables. ``` cp .env.example .env ``` For me this .env file was as follows– ``` # Relay Metadata RELAY_NAME="Tbdai relay" RELAY_PUBKEY="ede41352397758154514148b24112308ced96d121229b0e6a66bc5a2b40c03ec" RELAY_DESCRIPTION="An experimental relay for some people and robots working on a TBD AI project." RELAY_URL="wss://assistantrelay.rodbishop.nz" RELAY_ICON="https://image.nostr.build/44654201843fc0f03e9a72fbf8044143c66f0dd4d5350688db69345f9da05007.jpg" RELAY_CONTACT="https://rodbishop.nz" ``` **3 – Specify who can read and write to the relay** This is controlled by two config files `read_whitelist.json` and `write_whitelist.json`. - Any user with their pubkey in the `read_whitelist` can read notes posted to the relay. If empty, anyone can read. - Any user with their pubkey in the `write_whitelist` can post notes to the relay. If empty, anyone can write. We'll get to creating and authorising more users later, for now I suggest to add yourself to each whitelist, by copying your pubkey into each JSON file. For me this looks as follows (note, I use the 'hex' version of the pubkey, rather than the npub)– ``` { "pubkeys": [ "1bda7e1f7396bda2d1ef99033da8fd2dc362810790df9be62f591038bb97c4d9" ] } ``` *If this is your first time using Nostr and you don't yet have any user keys, it is easy and free to get one. You can get one from any Nostr client like [Jumble.social](http://Jumble.social), any tool like [NAK](https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak) or [nostrtool.com](https://nostrtool.com/) or follow a comprehensive guide like my [guide on mining a Nostr key](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/mining-your-vanity-pubkey-4iupbf/).* **4 – Launch your relay** If you are using my Docker fork from above, then– ``` docker compose up ``` Your relay should now be running on port 3334 and ready to accept web socket connections from your client. Before you move on to set up the client, it's helpful to quickly test that it is running as expected. **5 – Test your websocket connection** For this I use a tool called wscat to make a websocket connection. You may need to install wscat, e.g. ``` npm install -g wscat ``` And then run it, e.g. ``` wscat -c ws://localhost:3334 ``` (note use `ws://` for localhost, rather than `wss://`). If your relay is working successfully then it should receive your websocket connection request and respond with an AUTH token, asking you to identify yourself as a user in the relay's `read_whitelist.json` (using the standard outlined in [NIP-42](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/42.md)), e.g. ``` Connected (press CTRL+C to quit) < ["AUTH","13206fea43ef2952"] > ``` You do not need to authorise for now. If you received this kind of message, your relay is working successfully. #### Set a subdomain for your relay Let's connect a domain name so your community members can access your relay. **1 – Configure DNS** At a high level – 1. Get your domain (buy one if you need to) 2. Get the IP address of your VPS 3. In your domain's DNS settings add those records as an A record to the subdomain of your choice, e.g. `relay` as in `relay.your_domain_name.com`, or in my case `assistantrelay.rodbishop.nz` Your subdomain now points to your server. **2 – Configure reverse proxy** You need to redirect traffic from your subdomain to your relay at port `3334`. On my VPS I use Caddy as a reverse proxy for a few projects, I have it sitting in a separate Docker network. To use it for my SW2 Relay required two steps. First – I added configuration to Caddy's `Caddyfile` to tell it what to do with requests for the `relay.your_domain_name.com` subdomain. For me this looked like– ``` assistantrelay.rodbishop.nz { reverse_proxy sw2-relay:3334 { # Enable WebSocket support header_up X-Forwarded-For {remote} header_up X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme} header_up X-Forwarded-Port {server_port} } } ``` Second – I added the Caddy Docker network to the SW2 `docker-compose.yml` to make it be part of the Caddy network. In my Docker branch, I provide this commented section which you can uncomment and use if you like. ``` services: relay: ... relay configuration here ... # networks: # - caddy # Connect to a Caddy network for reverse proxy # networks: # caddy: # external: true # Connect to a Caddy network for reverse proxy ``` Your relay is now running at your domain name. #### Run Jumble.social Your client set up is very easy, as most heavy lifting is done by your relay. My client of choice is Jumble because it has features that focus the user experience on the community's content first. You have two options for running Jumble. 1. Run your own local copy of Jumble by cloning the Github (optional) 2. Use the public instance at Jumble.social (easier, and what we'll do in this demo) If you (optionally) want to run your own local copy of Jumble: ``` git clone https://github.com/CodyTseng/jumble.git cd jumble npm install npm run dev ``` For this demo, I will just use the public instance at [http://jumble.social](http://jumble.social) Jumble has a very helpful user interface for set up and configuration. But, I wanted to think ahead to onboarding community members, and so instead I will do some work up front in order to give new members a smooth onboarding flow that I would suggest for an administrator to use in onboarding their community. **1 – Create a custom landing page URL for your community members to land on** When your users come to your website for the first time, you want them to get your community experience without any distraction. That will either be– 1. A prompt to sign up or login (if only authorised users can read content) 2. The actual content from your other community members (If all users can read content) Your landing page URL will look like: `http://jumble.social/?r=wss://relay.your_domain_name.com` - `http://jumble.social/` – the URL of the Jumble instance you are using - `?r=` – telling Jumble to read from a relay - `wss://` – relays connect via websocket using wss, rather than https - `relay.your_domain_name.com` – the domain name of your relay For me, this URL looks like `http://jumble.social/?r=wss://assistantrelay.rodbishop.nz` **2 – Visit your custom Jumble URL** This should load the landing page of your relay on Jumble. In the background, Jumble has attempted to establish a websocket connection to your relay. If your relay is configured with read authentication, it has sent a challenge to Jumble asking your user to authenticate. Jumble, accordingly should now be showing you a login screen, asking your user to login. **3 – Login or Sign Up** You will see a variety of sign up and login options. To test, log in with the private key that you have configured to have read and write access. In the background, Jumble has connected via websocket to your relay, checked that your user is authorised to view notes, and if so, has returned all the content on the relay. (If this is your first time here, there would not be any content yet). If you give this link to your users to use as their landing page, they will land, login, and see only notes from members of your community. **4– Make your first post to your community** Click the "post" button and post a note. Jumble offers you the option to "Send only to relay.your_domain_name.com". - **If set to on**, then Jumble will post the note only to your relay, no others. It will also include a specific tag (the `"-"` tag) which requests relays to not forward the note across the network. Only your community members viewing notes on your community relay can see it. - **If set to off**, then Jumble will post the note to your relay and also the wider public Nostr network. Community members viewing notes on the relay can see it, and so can any user of the wider Nostr network. **5– Optional, configure your relay sets** At the top of the screen you should now see a dropdown with the URL of your relay. Each user can save this relay to a "relay set" for future use, and also view, add or delete other relays sets including some sets which Jumble comes with set up by default. As an admin you can use this to give users access to multiple relays. And, as a user, you can use this to access posts from multiple different community relays, all within the one client. #### Your community website is up and running That is the basic set up completed. - You have a website where your community members can visit a URL to post notes and view all notes from all other members of the community. - You have basic administration to enforce your own read and write permissions very simply in two json files. Let's check in with my user requirements as a community admin– - My community is saving content to a server where I control access - My users view only that content by default, and are not exposed to any wider public social network unless they knowingly select that - My user's content is a) viewable only by other community members, or b) by the wider public, at the user's discretion - Other people are maintaining the code for me - It's free This setup has scope to solve my dog fooding issues from earlier– - If adopted, my tech community can iterate the interface to suit its needs, find great content, and share content beyond the community. - If adopted, my kids social groups can each have their own relays, but I can post to all of them together, or view a consolidated feed. - If adopted, my team can chat with each other for free. I can self host this. It can natively interoperate with any other Nostr SaaS. It would be entirely private and will not be captured to train a Big Co AI without my consent. #### Using your community website in practice **An example onboarding flow** 1. A new member joins your IRL community 2. Your admin person gives them your landing page URL where they can view all the posts by your community members – If you have configured your relay to have no read auth required, then they can land on that landing page and immediately start viewing your community's posts, a great landing experience 3. The user user creates a Nostr profile, and provides the admin person with their public key 4. The admin person adds their key to the whitelists to read and write as you desire. **Default inter-op with the wider Nostr network** - If you change your mind on SW2 and want to use a different relay, your notes will be supported natively, and you can migrate on your own terms - If you change your mind on Jumble and want to use a different client, your relay will be supported natively, and you can migrate on your own terms - If you want to add other apps to your community's experience, every Nostr app will interoperate with your community by default – see the huge list at [Awesome Nostr](https://github.com/aljazceru/awesome-nostr) - If any of your users want to view your community notes inside some other Nostr client – perhaps to see a consolidated feed of notes from all their different communities – they can. For me, I use Amethyst app as my main Nostr client to view the public posts from people I follow. I have added my private community relay to Amethyst, and now my community posts appear alongside all these other posts in a single consolidated feed. **Scope to further improve** - You can run multiple different relays with different user access – e.g. one for wider company and one for your team - You can run your own fork of Jumble and change the interface to suit you needs – e.g. add your logo, change the colours, link to other resources from the sidebar. **Other ideas for running communities** - **Guest accounts**: You can give a user "guest" access – read auth, but no write auth – to help people see the value of your community before becoming members. - **Running a knowledge base**: You can whitelist users to read notes, but only administrators can post notes. - **Running a blind dropbox**: You can whitelist users to post notes, but only the administrator can read notes. - **Running on a local terminal only:** With Jumble and SW2 installed on a machine, running at – `localhost:5173` for Jumble, and `localhost:3334` for SW2 you can have an entirely local experience at `http://localhost:5173/?r=ws://localhost:3334`. ### What's Next? In my first four blogs I explored creating a good Nostr setup with [Vanity Npub](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/mining-your-vanity-pubkey-4iupbf/), [Lightning Payments](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/setting-up-payments-on-nostr-7o6ls7/), [Nostr Addresses at Your Domain](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/ee8a46bc/), and [Personal Nostr Relay](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/8ca68889/). Then in my latest three blogs I explored different types of interoperability [with NFC cards](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/edde8387/), [n8n Workflow Automation](https://rodbishop.npub.pro/post/4f0baffd/), and now running a private community website on Nostr. For this community website– - There is scope to make some further enhancements to SW2, including to add a "Blossom" media server so that community admins can self-host their own rich media, and to create an admin screen for administration of the whitelists using [NIP-86](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/86.md). - There is scope to explore all other kinds of Nostr clients to form the front-end of community websites, including Chachi.chat, Flotilla, and others. - Nostr includes a whole variety of different optional standards for making more elaborate online communities including [NIP-28](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/28.md), [NIP-29](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/29.md), [NIP-17](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/17.md), [NIP-72](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/72.md) (etc). Each gives certain different capabilities, and I haven't used any of them! For this simple demo they are not required, but each could be used to extend the capabilities of the admin and community. I am also doing a lot of work with AI on Nostr, including that I use my private community website as a front-end for engaging with a Nostr AI. I'll post about this soon too. Please be sure to let me know if you think there's another Nostr topic you'd like to see me tackle. GM Nostr.

@ e516ecb8:1be0b167

En los años 20, Estados Unidos vivía una juerga económica conocida como los "Roaring Twenties". La Gran Guerra había terminado, la industria estaba en auge, los autos llenaban las calles y el jazz resonaba en cada esquina. Todo parecía ir viento en popa: las acciones subían como espuma, la gente compraba a crédito como si no hubiera mañana y los bancos estaban felices de prestar dinero. Pero, según los economistas austriacos —piensa en Ludwig von Mises o Friedrich Hayek—, esta prosperidad era una fachada, una burbuja inflada artificialmente que tarde o temprano iba a estallar. La Escuela Austriaca sostiene que el verdadero villano de esta historia no fue la codicia de los especuladores ni el exceso de optimismo, sino algo más sutil y estructural: la manipulación del dinero y el crédito por parte de la Reserva Federal. Vamos a desglosarlo paso a paso, como si estuviéramos destapando una intriga. **Acto 1: La Reserva Federal enciende la mecha** Tras su creación en 1913, la Reserva Federal (el banco central de EE.UU.) tenía el poder de controlar la oferta de dinero y las tasas de interés. En la década de 1920, decidió que era buena idea mantener las tasas de interés artificialmente bajas. ¿Por qué? Para estimular la economía, ayudar a Gran Bretaña a volver al patrón oro y mantener la fiesta en marcha. Pero para los austriacos, esto fue como echar gasolina a una fogata. Cuando las tasas de interés se mantienen bajas por decreto, el dinero se vuelve "barato". Los bancos prestan más de lo que lo harían en un mercado libre, y ese crédito fácil fluye hacia empresas, inversores y consumidores. Es como si le dieras a todo el mundo una tarjeta de crédito sin límite: la gente empieza a gastar, invertir y construir como si la riqueza fuera infinita. Pero aquí viene el giro: ese dinero no reflejaba ahorros reales ni riqueza genuina. Era una ilusión creada por la expansión del crédito. **Acto 2: El auge insostenible** Con este dinero barato, los empresarios se lanzaron a proyectos ambiciosos: fábricas, rascacielos, nuevas tecnologías. Los inversores, por su parte, corrieron a Wall Street, comprando acciones a crédito (lo que se llamaba "comprar al margen"). El mercado de valores se disparó: el índice Dow Jones pasó de 63 puntos en 1921 a 381 en 1929. ¡Una locura! La gente común, desde taxistas hasta amas de casa, se metió al juego, convencida de que las acciones solo podían subir. Para la Escuela Austriaca, este "boom" era una distorsión. Según su teoría del ciclo económico, desarrollada por Mises y Hayek, cuando el crédito se expande artificialmente, los recursos se mal asignan. Imagina que eres un chef con un presupuesto limitado: si alguien te da dinero falso para comprar ingredientes, harás platos extravagantes que no puedes sostener cuando el dinero real se acabe. Eso estaba pasando en la economía: se construían cosas que no tenían demanda real ni base sólida. **Acto 3: La burbuja empieza a pincharse** Hacia 1928, algunos empezaron a oler problemas. La producción industrial comenzó a tambalearse, los inventarios se acumulaban y las deudas crecían. La Reserva Federal, dándose cuenta de que la fiesta se estaba descontrolando, intentó subir las tasas de interés para enfriar las cosas. Pero era demasiado tarde: la economía ya estaba dopada con crédito fácil, y el daño estaba hecho. El 24 de octubre de 1929 —el famoso "Jueves Negro"— el pánico estalló en Wall Street. Los inversores, viendo que las acciones estaban sobrevaloradas y que sus deudas eran impagables, empezaron a vender en masa. El martes siguiente, 29 de octubre, el mercado colapsó por completo: millones de acciones cambiaron de manos, los precios se desplomaron y la riqueza en papel se evaporó. Pero para los austriacos, esto no fue la causa del problema, sino el síntoma. El verdadero desastre ya había ocurrido en los años previos, con la expansión artificial del crédito. **Epílogo: La lección austriaca** Desde la perspectiva de la Escuela Austriaca, el Crack del 29 no fue un fallo del libre mercado, sino del intervencionismo. La Reserva Federal, al manipular las tasas de interés y la oferta de dinero, creó una burbuja que era insostenible. Cuando estalló, la economía tuvo que pasar por una dolorosa "corrección": las empresas quebraron, los bancos cerraron y el desempleo se disparó. Para Mises y Hayek, esto era inevitable: el mercado necesitaba purgar los excesos y realinear los recursos con la realidad. ¿Y qué pasó después? Bueno, la Gran Depresión que siguió fue agravada, según los austriacos, por más intervenciones: el New Deal de Roosevelt y las políticas proteccionistas como la Ley Smoot-Hawley solo prolongaron la agonía. Pero esa es otra historia para otro café.

@ 2f4550b0:95f20096

Recently, I tuned into a [prominent podcast](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1MAA8y4CgU) where the conversation turned to what children are learning in K-12 education (around the 1:24:20 mark). Among the contributors was a Silicon Valley tech investor who shared a startling anecdote about an elite private school. He described how, at what he called “the best all-girls private school in Silicon Valley,” students were taught that reading was racist. He went on: “There was a spreadsheet that these kids had to memorize every day that had every other kid’s pronoun, and if you didn’t get it right you’d get in trouble.” I was floored, not just by the absurdity of the curriculum, but by the casual assertion that a school teaching such ideas could still be deemed “the best.” How could an institution so detached from a rigorous, skill-building education retain that lofty title? I reflected on what truly makes an elite private school worthy of being called “the best,” a label too often thrown around without scrutiny. Historically, top-tier private schools earned their reputations through academic excellence, robust curricula, and a commitment to preparing students for leadership and success. Think of the traditional hallmarks: mastery of core subjects like literature, mathematics, and science; critical thinking honed through debate and analysis; and extracurriculars designed to cultivate discipline and creativity. These schools were exclusive not just for their price tags but for their promise to deliver an education that equipped graduates to thrive in competitive universities and careers. Yet the anecdote from that podcast suggests a troubling shift. If a school prioritizes ideological conformity (say, memorizing pronouns or framing foundational skills like reading as racist) over intellectual rigor, it’s fair to question whether it still deserves its elite status. Prestige, wealth, and social cachet might keep a school “elite” in name, but “the best” should mean more than that. It should reflect a dedication to fostering knowledge, skills, and independent thought, qualities that empower students as future leaders, not pawns in a cultural tug-of-war. Consider what parents and students expect from a premium education. For an astronomical tuition (often exceeding $40,000 annually in places like Silicon Valley) they anticipate a return on investment: a curriculum that challenges young minds, teachers who inspire rather than indoctrinate, and a culture that values merit over dogma. When a school veers into territory where basic literacy is politicized or rote memorization of social rules trumps critical inquiry, it betrays that trust. No spreadsheet of pronouns will help a graduate navigate a complex world; a firm grasp of history, science, and persuasive writing just might. This isn’t to say elite schools shouldn’t evolve. The world changes, and education must adapt, whether by integrating technology, addressing current issues, or broadening perspectives. But adaptation should enhance, not replace, the core mission of learning. A school can teach ethics alongside traditional subjects without sacrificing intellectual integrity. The problem arises when ideology becomes the curriculum, sidelining the tools students need to reason for themselves. If students are taught to question reading instead of mastering it, how will they author their own futures? The Silicon Valley example isn’t isolated. Across the country, elite institutions have leaned into progressive trends, prioritizing social justice frameworks and experimental pedagogies over substance. Some might argue this reflects a bold reimagining of education, but there’s a difference between innovation and derailment. A school can be forward-thinking without abandoning the fundamentals that define excellence. Parents paying top dollar, and students investing their formative years, deserve more than a trendy experiment. So, what should define “the best” private school today? First, employ a curriculum that balances tradition and progress: teach Shakespeare and coding, ethics and algebra, with an eye toward real-world application. Second, hire a faculty of experts who challenge students to think, not just comply. Third, create an environment that rewards effort and achievement over adherence to a script. Prestige alone, whether from alumni networks, manicured campuses, or Silicon Valley buzz, can’t suffice. The tech investor’s remark about “the best” stuck with me because it revealed a disconnect. A school might remain elite in the eyes of the wealthy or well-connected, but “the best” is a higher bar. It’s a title earned through results, not rhetoric. Until these institutions recommit to education over indoctrination, they risk losing not just their claim to excellence, but the trust of those they serve.

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

As we close in on the playoffs, especially with the mighty regular season Cavs stumbling a bit, I wanted to zoom out and get some historical perspective on what it takes to be an NBA champion. Over the past 20 years, here's the complete list of the 10 guys who were the best player on a title team. 1. Lebron 4x 2. Steph 4x 3. Duncan 3x 4. Kobe 2x 5. Tatum 6. Jokic 7. Giannis 8. Kawhi 9. Dirk 10. Garnett The worst players on that list are better than anyone on the Cavs, or several other playoff teams. Unless we're going to have an '04 Pistons anomaly, the only teams I see with players who might belong on that list are the following: - Celtics (Tatum's already there, after all) - OKC (SGA's having the best guard season since MJ) - Denver - Milwaukee - Lakers - Clippers (If Kawhi's still that guy) - Warriors - T-Wolves Eight is actually a lot, but only two of these teams are playing like contenders. What do you think? Can we rule out the teams that aren't on this list? Am I slandering someone by leaving them out? Or, is this just nonsense masquerading as analysis? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/925135

@ 7da115b6:7d3e46ae

These are in order of least to most complex. *Be Warned: Some of these ingredients may be unique to New Zealand and Australia* ### Pikelets Pikelets are delicious with butter and jam or jam and whipped cream. To make Pancakes, double this recipe and make them larger. Serve in a stack with butter, maple syrup, bacon and blueberries. I've found a single batch is good for 2-4 people if you just want a snack. Prep Time: 5 minutes Cooking Time: About 10 minutes Ingredients: - A Cup Self Raising Flour - A Quarter Teaspoon of Table Salt - 1 Egg - A Quarter Cup of White Sugar - About 3 quarters of a Cup of Whole Milk Method: 1. Sift the Flour and Salt into a bowl. 2. In another bowl beat the Egg and Sugar with a whisk until pale and thick. 3. Add the Egg mixture and the Milk to the dry ingredients and mix until just combined. 4. Gently heat a non-stick frying pan and drop tablespoonfuls of the mixture from the point of the spoon onto the surface. 5. When bubbles start to burst on the top of the Pikelets, turn them over and cook the second side until golden. 6. Place in a clean tea towel to cool. This recipe requires a little experience to get right, especially if you prefer to use a cast iron pan or griddle. Basically, you can use a cast iron or aluminium pan, just make sure to grease the pan between each batch. The easiest way to do it, is to grab some baking paper, or butter paper wrap, scrunch it up and wipe it over the block of butter, and then wipe the surface of the pan. After the first round has cooked, do wipe the butter over the pan again. It'll stop the Pikelets from sticking. ### Scones These are based on an old recipe from the Edmond's Cookbook, and have been a Kiwi staple for decades. The yield is about 12 (ish), but it depends on how big or small you shape them. Prep Time: About 10 minutes Cooking Time: 10 minutes (Depending on your Oven) Ingredients: - 3 Cups of Premium White Wheat Flour - 2 and a Half Levelled Tablespoons of Baking Powder - A quarter of a Teaspoon of Table Salt - About a Third of a Cup of Butter - Between 1 to 1.5 Cups of Whole Milk Method: 1. Preheat the oven to 220C. 2. Grease or flour a baking tray. 3. Sift the flour, baking powder and salt into a bowl. 4. Rub in the butter with your fingertips until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 5. Add the milk and quickly mix with a round-bladed table knife to a soft dough. For light and tender scones the mixture should be quite soft and a little sticky. 6. Scrape the dough onto the floured baking tray and flour the top 7. Working quickly, pat the dough out to 2cm thickness and with a floured knife cut it into 12 even-sized pieces, then separate the scones to allow 2cm space between them. 8. Brush the tops with milk. 9. Bake for 10 minutes or until golden brown. Place on a wire rack to cool, wrapped in a clean tea towel to keep them soft. They're great with Butter or Whipped Cream and Jam. 3-4 per person is excellent with some hot sweet Tea mid afternoon. A little variation that used to be popular is to dice up about a a cup of Bacon, grate about a cup of Cheese, and throw it in the batter for a savoury twist. Remember to not overcook them, otherwise they come out dry and crumbly. ### Chocolate Muffins I can't remember where I got this recipe, but I've made them dozens of times over the years. They really fill the gap when it comes to those hungry little faces pleading for snacks. This recipe is a little more complicated, but worth it. They're soft and moist, and extremely more-ish. I can personally eat about half on my own before I start feeling guilty. You can get about 12 muffins out of this mixture. Prep Time: 20 minutes Cooking Time: About 18 minutes Ingredients: - 1 and a quarter Cups Self Raising Flour - A quarter Cup of Cocoa Powder - 3 quarters of a Teaspoon of Baking Soda - A Quarter Teaspoon of Table Salt - Half a Cup of Soft Brown Sugar - A Quarter Cup of White Sugar - Half a cup of Chocolate Chips - An Egg - Half a Cup of Greek Yoghurt or Sour Cream - Half a Cup of Whole Milk - A Quarter Cup of Sunflower Oil (substitute with warmed dripping/butter or clean cooking oil to taste) - 1 Teaspoon of Vanilla Essence Method: 1. Preheat oven to 180C on fan bake. 2. Line a 12-hole muffin tin with paper cases. 3. Sift the Flour, Cocoa Powder, Baking Soda and Salt into a large bowl. Stir in the White and Brown Sugars, followed by the Chocolate Chips. 4. In a separate bowl, whisk together Egg, Yoghurt (or Sour Cream), Milk, Oil (or Butter/Dripping) and Vanilla Essence. 5. Add the mixture to the dry ingredients and mix until just combined. Try not to over-mix it, you're not looking for a smooth texture, just no unmixed dry ingredients. 6. Divide mixture evenly between 12 muffin paper cases. 7. (Optional) Sprinkle with extra chocolate chips, for decoration. 8. Bake for 18-20 minutes, until muffins spring back when lightly pressed. 9. Leave to cool in tins for a couple of minutes before transferring to a wire cooling rack. If you're feeling especially fancy, you can slice them open, and add a dollop of jam and whipped cream. Garnish with a Mint Leaf or Glacé Cherry. Using a Sieve, you can powder the top with Icing Sugar if you want to go that extra mile. It's a real Wifey pleaser.

@ b2d670de:907f9d4a

This guide will walk you through setting up your own Strfry Nostr relay on a Debian/Ubuntu server and making it accessible exclusively as a TOR hidden service. By the end, you'll have a privacy-focused relay that operates entirely within the TOR network, enhancing both your privacy and that of your users. ## Table of Contents 1. Prerequisites 2. Initial Server Setup 3. Installing Strfry Nostr Relay 4. Configuring Your Relay 5. Setting Up TOR 6. Making Your Relay Available on TOR 7. Testing Your Setup] 8. Maintenance and Security 9. Troubleshooting ## Prerequisites - A Debian or Ubuntu server - Basic familiarity with command line operations (most steps are explained in detail) - Root or sudo access to your server ## Initial Server Setup First, let's make sure your server is properly set up and secured. ### Update Your System Connect to your server via SSH and update your system: ```bash sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade -y ``` ### Set Up a Basic Firewall Install and configure a basic firewall: ```bash sudo apt install ufw -y sudo ufw allow ssh sudo ufw enable ``` This allows SSH connections while blocking other ports for security. ## Installing Strfry Nostr Relay This guide includes the full range of steps needed to build and set up Strfry. It's simply based on the current version of the `DEPLOYMENT.md` document in the Strfry GitHub repository. If the build/setup process is changed in the repo, this document could get outdated. If so, please report to me that something is outdated and check for updated steps [here](https://github.com/hoytech/strfry/blob/master/docs/DEPLOYMENT.md). ### Install Dependencies First, let's install the necessary dependencies. Each package serves a specific purpose in building and running Strfry: ```bash sudo apt install -y git build-essential libyaml-perl libtemplate-perl libregexp-grammars-perl libssl-dev zlib1g-dev liblmdb-dev libflatbuffers-dev libsecp256k1-dev libzstd-dev ``` Here's why each dependency is needed: **Basic Development Tools:** - `git`: Version control system used to clone the Strfry repository and manage code updates - `build-essential`: Meta-package that includes compilers (gcc, g++), make, and other essential build tools **Perl Dependencies** (used for Strfry's build scripts): - `libyaml-perl`: Perl interface to parse YAML configuration files - `libtemplate-perl`: Template processing system used during the build process - `libregexp-grammars-perl`: Advanced regular expression handling for Perl scripts **Core Libraries for Strfry:** - `libssl-dev`: Development files for OpenSSL, used for secure connections and cryptographic operations - `zlib1g-dev`: Compression library that Strfry uses to reduce data size - `liblmdb-dev`: Lightning Memory-Mapped Database library, which Strfry uses for its high-performance database backend - `libflatbuffers-dev`: Memory-efficient serialization library for structured data - `libsecp256k1-dev`: Optimized C library for EC operations on curve secp256k1, essential for Nostr's cryptographic signatures - `libzstd-dev`: Fast real-time compression algorithm for efficient data storage and transmission ### Clone and Build Strfry Clone the Strfry repository: ```bash git clone https://github.com/hoytech/strfry.git cd strfry ``` Build Strfry: ```bash git submodule update --init make setup-golpe make -j2 # This uses 2 CPU cores. Adjust based on your server (e.g., -j4 for 4 cores) ``` This build process will take several minutes, especially on servers with limited CPU resources, so go get a coffee and post some great memes on nostr in the meantime. ### Install Strfry Install the Strfry binary to your system path: ```bash sudo cp strfry /usr/local/bin ``` This makes the `strfry` command available system-wide, allowing it to be executed from any directory and by any user with the appropriate permissions. ## Configuring Your Relay ### Create Strfry User Create a dedicated user for running Strfry. This enhances security by isolating the relay process: ```bash sudo useradd -M -s /usr/sbin/nologin strfry ``` The `-M` flag prevents creating a home directory, and `-s /usr/sbin/nologin` prevents anyone from logging in as this user. This is a security best practice for service accounts. ### Create Data Directory Create a directory for Strfry's data: ```bash sudo mkdir /var/lib/strfry sudo chown strfry:strfry /var/lib/strfry sudo chmod 755 /var/lib/strfry ``` This creates a dedicated directory for Strfry's database and sets the appropriate permissions so that only the strfry user can write to it. ### Configure Strfry Copy the sample configuration file: ```bash sudo cp strfry.conf /etc/strfry.conf ``` Edit the configuration file: ```bash sudo nano /etc/strfry.conf ``` Modify the database path: ``` # Find this line: db = "./strfry-db/" # Change it to: db = "/var/lib/strfry/" ``` Check your system's hard limit for file descriptors: ```bash ulimit -Hn ``` Update the `nofiles` setting in your configuration to match this value (or set to 0): ``` # Add or modify this line in the config (example if your limit is 524288): nofiles = 524288 ``` The `nofiles` setting determines how many open files Strfry can have simultaneously. Setting it to your system's hard limit (or 0 to use the system default) helps prevent "too many open files" errors if your relay becomes popular. You might also want to customize your relay's information in the config file. Look for the `info` section and update it with your relay's name, description, and other details. Set ownership of the configuration file: ```bash sudo chown strfry:strfry /etc/strfry.conf ``` ### Create Systemd Service Create a systemd service file for managing Strfry: ```bash sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/strfry.service ``` Add the following content: ```ini [Unit] Description=strfry relay service [Service] User=strfry ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/strfry relay Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 ProtectHome=yes NoNewPrivileges=yes ProtectSystem=full LimitCORE=1000000000 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ``` This systemd service configuration: - Runs Strfry as the dedicated strfry user - Automatically restarts the service if it fails - Implements security measures like `ProtectHome` and `NoNewPrivileges` - Sets resource limits appropriate for a relay Enable and start the service: ```bash sudo systemctl enable strfry.service sudo systemctl start strfry ``` Check the service status: ```bash sudo systemctl status strfry ``` ### Verify Relay is Running Test that your relay is running locally: ```bash curl localhost:7777 ``` You should see a message indicating that the Strfry relay is running. This confirms that Strfry is properly installed and configured before we proceed to set up TOR. ## Setting Up TOR Now let's make your relay accessible as a TOR hidden service. ### Install TOR Install TOR from the package repositories: ```bash sudo apt install -y tor ``` This installs the TOR daemon that will create and manage your hidden service. ### Configure TOR Edit the TOR configuration file: ```bash sudo nano /etc/tor/torrc ``` Scroll down to wherever you see a commented out part like this: ``` #HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/hidden_service/ #HiddenServicePort 80 127.0.0.1:80 ``` Under those lines, add the following lines to set up a hidden service for your relay: ``` HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/ HiddenServicePort 80 127.0.0.1:7777 ``` This configuration: - Creates a hidden service directory at `/var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/` - Maps port 80 on your .onion address to port 7777 on your local machine - Keeps all traffic encrypted within the TOR network Create the directory for your hidden service: ```bash sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/ sudo chown debian-tor:debian-tor /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/ sudo chmod 700 /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/ ``` The strict permissions (700) are crucial for security as they ensure only the debian-tor user can access the directory containing your hidden service private keys. Restart TOR to apply changes: ```bash sudo systemctl restart tor ``` ## Making Your Relay Available on TOR ### Get Your Onion Address After restarting TOR, you can find your onion address: ```bash sudo cat /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/hostname ``` This will output something like `abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz234567.onion`, which is your relay's unique .onion address. This is what you'll share with others to access your relay. ### Understanding Onion Addresses The .onion address is a special-format hostname that is automatically generated based on your hidden service's private key. Your users will need to use this address with the WebSocket protocol prefix to connect: `ws://youronionaddress.onion` ## Testing Your Setup ### Test with a Nostr Client The best way to test your relay is with an actual Nostr client that supports TOR: 1. Open your TOR browser 2. Go to your favorite client, either on clearnet or an onion service. - Check out [this list](https://github.com/0xtrr/onion-service-nostr-clients?tab=readme-ov-file#onion-service-nostr-clients) of nostr clients available over TOR. 3. Add your relay URL: `ws://youronionaddress.onion` to your relay list 4. Try posting a note and see if it appears on your relay - In some nostr clients, you can also click on a relay to get information about it like the relay name and description you set earlier in the stryfry config. If you're able to see the correct values for the name and the description, you were able to connect to the relay. - Some nostr clients also gives you a status on what relays a note was posted to, this could also give you an indication that your relay works as expected. Note that not all Nostr clients support TOR connections natively. Some may require additional configuration or use of TOR Browser. E.g. most mobile apps would most likely require a TOR proxy app running in the background (some have TOR support built in too). ## Maintenance and Security ### Regular Updates Keep your system, TOR, and relay updated: ```bash # Update system sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade -y # Update Strfry cd ~/strfry git pull git submodule update make -j2 sudo cp strfry /usr/local/bin sudo systemctl restart strfry # Verify TOR is still running properly sudo systemctl status tor ``` Regular updates are crucial for security, especially for TOR which may have security-critical updates. ### Database Management Strfry has built-in database management tools. Check the Strfry documentation for specific commands related to database maintenance, such as managing event retention and performing backups. ### Monitoring Logs To monitor your Strfry logs: ```bash sudo journalctl -u strfry -f ``` To check TOR logs: ```bash sudo journalctl -u tor -f ``` Monitoring logs helps you identify potential issues and understand how your relay is being used. ### Backup This is not a best practices guide on how to do backups. Preferably, backups should be stored either offline or on a different machine than your relay server. This is just a simple way on how to do it on the same server. ```bash # Stop the relay temporarily sudo systemctl stop strfry # Backup the database sudo cp -r /var/lib/strfry /path/to/backup/location # Restart the relay sudo systemctl start strfry ``` Back up your TOR hidden service private key. The private key is particularly sensitive as it defines your .onion address - losing it means losing your address permanently. If you do a backup of this, ensure that is stored in a safe place where no one else has access to it. ```bash sudo cp /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/hs_ed25519_secret_key /path/to/secure/backup/location ``` ## Troubleshooting ### Relay Not Starting If your relay doesn't start: ```bash # Check logs sudo journalctl -u strfry -e # Verify configuration cat /etc/strfry.conf # Check permissions ls -la /var/lib/strfry ``` Common issues include: - Incorrect configuration format - Permission problems with the data directory - Port already in use (another service using port 7777) - Issues with setting the nofiles limit (setting it too big) ### TOR Hidden Service Not Working If your TOR hidden service is not accessible: ```bash # Check TOR logs sudo journalctl -u tor -e # Verify TOR is running sudo systemctl status tor # Check onion address sudo cat /var/lib/tor/strfry-relay/hostname # Verify TOR configuration sudo cat /etc/tor/torrc ``` Common TOR issues include: - Incorrect directory permissions - TOR service not running - Incorrect port mapping in torrc ### Testing Connectivity If you're having trouble connecting to your service: ```bash # Verify Strfry is listening locally sudo ss -tulpn | grep 7777 # Check that TOR is properly running sudo systemctl status tor # Test the local connection directly curl --include --no-buffer localhost:7777 ``` --- ## Privacy and Security Considerations Running a Nostr relay as a TOR hidden service provides several important privacy benefits: 1. **Network Privacy**: Traffic to your relay is encrypted and routed through the TOR network, making it difficult to determine who is connecting to your relay. 2. **Server Anonymity**: The physical location and IP address of your server are concealed, providing protection against denial-of-service attacks and other targeting. 3. **Censorship Resistance**: TOR hidden services are more resilient against censorship attempts, as they don't rely on the regular DNS system and can't be easily blocked. 4. **User Privacy**: Users connecting to your relay through TOR enjoy enhanced privacy, as their connections are also encrypted and anonymized. However, there are some important considerations: - TOR connections are typically slower than regular internet connections - Not all Nostr clients support TOR connections natively - Running a hidden service increases the importance of keeping your server secure --- Congratulations! You now have a Strfry Nostr relay running as a TOR hidden service. This setup provides a resilient, privacy-focused, and censorship-resistant communication channel that helps strengthen the Nostr network. For further customization and advanced configuration options, refer to the [Strfry documentation](https://github.com/hoytech/strfry). Consider sharing your relay's .onion address with the Nostr community to help grow the privacy-focused segment of the network! If you plan on providing a relay service that the public can use (either for free or paid for), consider adding it to [this list](https://github.com/0xtrr/onion-service-nostr-relays). Only add it if you plan to run a stable and available relay.

@ bc52210b:20bfc6de

CISA, or Cross-Input Signature Aggregation, is a technique in Bitcoin that allows multiple signatures from different inputs in a transaction to be combined into a single, aggregated signature. This is a big deal because Bitcoin transactions often involve multiple inputs (e.g., spending from different wallet outputs), each requiring its own signature. Normally, these signatures take up space individually, but CISA compresses them into one, making transactions more efficient. This magic is possible thanks to the linearity property of Schnorr signatures, a type of digital signature introduced to Bitcoin with the Taproot upgrade. Unlike the older ECDSA signatures, Schnorr signatures have mathematical properties that allow multiple signatures to be added together into a single valid signature. Think of it like combining multiple handwritten signatures into one super-signature that still proves everyone signed off! Fun Fact: CISA was considered for inclusion in Taproot but was left out to keep the upgrade simple and manageable. Adding CISA would’ve made Taproot more complex, so the developers hit pause on it—for now. --- **CISA vs. Key Aggregation (MuSig, FROST): Don’t Get Confused!** Before we go deeper, let’s clear up a common mix-up: CISA is not the same as protocols like MuSig or FROST. Here’s why: * Signature Aggregation (CISA): Combines multiple signatures into one, each potentially tied to different public keys and messages (e.g., different transaction inputs). * Key Aggregation (MuSig, FROST): Combines multiple public keys into a single aggregated public key, then generates one signature for that key. **Key Differences:** 1. What’s Aggregated? * CISA: Aggregates signatures. * Key Aggregation: Aggregates public keys. 2. What the Verifier Needs * CISA: The verifier needs all individual public keys and their corresponding messages to check the aggregated signature. * Key Aggregation: The verifier only needs the single aggregated public key and one message. 3. When It Happens * CISA: Used during transaction signing, when inputs are being combined into a transaction. * MuSig: Used during address creation, setting up a multi-signature (multisig) address that multiple parties control. So, CISA is about shrinking signature data in a transaction, while MuSig/FROST are about simplifying multisig setups. Different tools, different jobs! --- **Two Flavors of CISA: Half-Agg and Full-Agg** CISA comes in two modes: * Full Aggregation (Full-Agg): Interactive, meaning signers need to collaborate during the signing process. (We’ll skip the details here since the query focuses on Half-Agg.) * Half Aggregation (Half-Agg): Non-interactive, meaning signers can work independently, and someone else can combine the signatures later. Since the query includes “CISA Part 2: Half Signature Aggregation,” let’s zoom in on Half-Agg. --- **Half Signature Aggregation (Half-Agg) Explained** **How It Works** Half-Agg is a non-interactive way to aggregate Schnorr signatures. Here’s the process: 1. Independent Signing: Each signer creates their own Schnorr signature for their input, without needing to talk to the other signers. 2. Aggregation Step: An aggregator (could be anyone, like a wallet or node) takes all these signatures and combines them into one aggregated signature. A Schnorr signature has two parts: * R: A random point (32 bytes). * s: A scalar value (32 bytes). In Half-Agg: * The R values from each signature are kept separate (one per input). * The s values from all signatures are combined into a single s value. **Why It Saves Space (~50%)** Let’s break down the size savings with some math: Before Aggregation: * Each Schnorr signature = 64 bytes (32 for R + 32 for s). * For n inputs: n × 64 bytes. After Half-Agg: * Keep n R values (32 bytes each) = 32 × n bytes. * Combine all s values into one = 32 bytes. * Total size: 32 × n + 32 bytes. Comparison: * Original: 64n bytes. * Half-Agg: 32n + 32 bytes. * For large n, the “+32” becomes small compared to 32n, so it’s roughly 32n, which is half of 64n. Hence, ~50% savings! **Real-World Impact:** Based on recent Bitcoin usage, Half-Agg could save: * ~19.3% in space (reducing transaction size). * ~6.9% in fees (since fees depend on transaction size). This assumes no major changes in how people use Bitcoin post-CISA. --- **Applications of Half-Agg** Half-Agg isn’t just a cool idea—it has practical uses: 1. Transaction-wide Aggregation * Combine all signatures within a single transaction. * Result: Smaller transactions, lower fees. 2. Block-wide Aggregation * Combine signatures across all transactions in a Bitcoin block. * Result: Even bigger space savings at the blockchain level. 3. Off-chain Protocols / P2P * Use Half-Agg in systems like Lightning Network gossip messages. * Benefit: Efficiency without needing miners or a Bitcoin soft fork. --- **Challenges with Half-Agg** While Half-Agg sounds awesome, it’s not without hurdles, especially at the block level: 1. Breaking Adaptor Signatures * Adaptor signatures are special signatures used in protocols like Discreet Log Contracts (DLCs) or atomic swaps. They tie a signature to revealing a secret, ensuring fair exchanges. * Aggregating signatures across a block might mess up these protocols, as the individual signatures get blended together, potentially losing the properties adaptor signatures rely on. 2. Impact on Reorg Recovery * In Bitcoin, a reorganization (reorg) happens when the blockchain switches to a different chain of blocks. Transactions from the old chain need to be rebroadcast or reprocessed. * If signatures are aggregated at the block level, it could complicate extracting individual transactions and their signatures during a reorg, slowing down recovery. These challenges mean Half-Agg needs careful design, especially for block-wide use. --- **Wrapping Up** CISA is a clever way to make Bitcoin transactions more efficient by aggregating multiple Schnorr signatures into one, thanks to their linearity property. Half-Agg, the non-interactive mode, lets signers work independently, cutting signature size by about 50% (to 32n + 32 bytes from 64n bytes). It could save ~19.3% in space and ~6.9% in fees, with uses ranging from single transactions to entire blocks or off-chain systems like Lightning. But watch out—block-wide Half-Agg could trip up adaptor signatures and reorg recovery, so it’s not a slam dunk yet. Still, it’s a promising tool for a leaner, cheaper Bitcoin future!

@ 6a6be47b:3e74e3e1

Hi frens, how are you? 🎨 I've been keeping busy with some personal projects and haven't painted as much as I'd like, but most importantly, I've returned to painting with watercolors. I'm getting used to them again, and although I love them, they can be tricky, especially when working wet on wet. I've done a few pieces since getting back into it, and I'm excited to show the results, but at the same time, I'm a bit wary. Not because I want them to be "perfect" to share, but because I just want to have fun with them and get the joy back from painting. 🐱 And I'm not slacking because I have my furry little helper with me, and he's not having any of it!  He's a good boi  I've also been baking! 👩‍🍳 Yesterday, I made cinnamon "donuts" 🍩 , which ended up being muffins since I don't have a donut skillet.  And today, I baked lemon muffins 🍋, and they turned out delicious!  🧁 I had one as soon as they cooled, and *chef's kiss*... they're amazing! 🫀So as you can see I've been up to a few things, I'm not the best at this social media game. It can be draining so I want to have a balance between creating and showcasing you my proof of work 💪 💎I'm still getting there, but it's worth it. 🪄 Balance to achieve harmony is my goal. 🔮 I just wanted to check in and see what you've been up to! I'd love to know 🩷🫶🏻. Have an amazing day frens!

@ 2ed3596e:98b4cc78

Americans can now buy bitcoin on the Lightning Network directly from their bank with their Bitcoin Well account. By using the dollars in your Bitcoin Well Cash Balance you can buy bitcoin over the Lightning Network with **instant delivery**. You can also go directly from your bank to your Lightning Wallet.  You can now live fully on a Lightning-powered bitcoin standard ⚡️  How to buy bitcoin on the Lightning Network **instantly**: 1. Add your Lightning Payment Address (LNURL) to your Bitcoin Well account 2. Enter the amount of dollars you want to buy bitcoin with 3. Choose your Bitcoin Well Cash Balance (you may need to fund this first!) 4. SMASH BUY! Your Lightning wallet will receive sats in seconds 🏎️  \ You can also go directly from your bank to your Lightning wallet. Your bitcoin will be sent over the Lightning network as soon as your dollars arrive (usually within 3 business days). Here are detailed steps to guide you on how to buy bitcoin on the Lightning Network 👇 ## **Step 1: Get your Lightning details**  Go to your Lightning wallet and copy your Lightning Payment Address (looks like an email address). A Payment Address is not a Lightning invoice, but rather a static receiving address similar to a bitcoin receiving address. The benefit of using a Payment Address is that you can passively receive any quantity of sats at any time; unlike an invoice, a Payment Address does not have an expiry or a fixed amount of sats limiting the amount can be received. \ \ In the example below we use the [Coinos.io](http://coinos.io/) wallet to obtain a Payment Address. Coinos is a powerful and easy to use Lightning wallet available in any country via your favourite web browser. You can set up a Coinos Lightning wallet and start receiving sats in seconds. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/de5c95b169f554b10e773590f2012d86767068d10a647c731a9146cca4ad8d46.png"> \ Coinos features a Lightning Payment Address. Once you’ve set up your wallet, hit “Receive” to access your Payment Address.  ## **Step 2: Add your Lightning wallet to your Bitcoin Well account** Log in to your Bitcoin Well account and navigate to [Buy bitcoin](https://app.bitcoinwell.com/usa/buy). From the buy screen, select bank or balance and add your Lightning wallet to the Destination by clicking **Add wallet**. Add your Lightning Payment Address from Step 1 here.  ## **Step 3: Buy bitcoin on the Lightning Network**  After you’ve selected your source and added your Lightning Payment Address as the destination, you are ready to complete your bitcoin purchase on the Lightning Network! \ \ When buying bitcoin from your Cash Balance, the dollars will instantly convert to bitcoin and be sent directly to your Lightning wallet – delivery takes less than a minute! 🤯\ \ When buying bitcoin from your bank account, you can expect to wait at least a couple business days as we wait for the slow movement of fiat to be finalized before sats can be sent. ## **The compromise is over: bitcoin fast, easy and cheap** In the past, Bitcoiners had to choose between using freedom money at the mercy of the speed and cost of Bitcoin’s blockchain, or use the legacy banking system while surrendering their monetary freedom and independence. Ideally, Americans never have to compromise their monetary principles; thankfully, they no longer have to. \ \ Stacking sats straight to the Lightning also enables an innovative way to manage UTXOs. Now anyone can stack sats as much as they like without worrying about UTXO bloat. Simply accumulate sats on your Lightning wallet and then swap it across to your on-chain wallet in one neat UTXO.  Since Coinos is a custodial Lightning wallet, you should periodically send your sats to your self-custody hardware wallet. To help you get the most out of the Lightning network, Bitcoin Well has a *free* swap tool that lets you swap sats between on-chain and Lightning. While this feature is only available in Canada, it will make its way to the United States very soon 🤫 Haven’t signed up with Bitcoin Well yet? [Sign up here](https://bitcoinwell.com/referral/btcwblog) to start living on a (Lightning powered) Bitcoin Standard free from custodians and centralized honey pots.  ## **Earn sats from your bitcoin transactions** \ Bitcoin Well is also the best place in the world to earn bitcoin. When you earn points in your Bitcoin Well account, you gain the opportunity to play the Bitcoin (Wishing) Well, where you win sats with every play. The best part? We send bitcoin that you win straight to your personal wallet via the Lightning Network ⚡ Oh yeah, did we mention you can win 1,000,000 sats? If you're an active Bitcoin Well customer, there is a chance you've earned a pile of points. The more you use your account for buying, selling or spending bitcoin - the more points you’ll earn! Log in to your Bitcoin Well account and [check your point balance](https://app.bitcoinwell.com/reward-points). ## **About Bitcoin Well** \ Bitcoin Well exists to enable independence. We do this by coupling the convenience of modern banking, with the benefits of bitcoin. In other words, we make it easy to use bitcoin with self-custody.  ⁠ ⁠

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Located on the Costa de la Luz, Conil de la Frontera is a charming Andalusian fishing village known for its golden beaches, whitewashed streets, and delicious seafood. With a laid-back atmosphere, it’s perfect for relaxation, surfing, and enjoying authentic Spanish culture.  ## **🏖️ Top Things to See & Do in Conil de la Frontera** ### **1️⃣ Playa de los Bateles 🏝️** - The **main beach**, right next to the town center. - Long stretches of **soft golden sand** with **clear Atlantic waters**. - Ideal for **sunbathing, swimming, and beachside dining**. ### **2️⃣ Playa de la Fontanilla 🌊** - One of the **most beautiful beaches** in the region, with **crystal-clear waters**. - Great for **families, surfers, and seafood lovers**. - Home to some of the **best chiringuitos (beach bars) in Conil**. ### **3️⃣ Playa del Palmar 🏄‍♂️** - A surfer’s paradise with **consistent waves and a bohemian vibe**. - Popular for **surf schools, yoga retreats, and sunset beach bars**. - Less crowded than the town’s main beaches.  ### **4️⃣ Historic Old Town & Plaza de España 🏡** - Wander through **narrow, whitewashed streets** full of **local boutiques, tapas bars, and cafés**. - Visit the **Plaza de España**, the town’s lively main square. - Stop by the **Torre de Guzmán**, a medieval watchtower with great views. ### **5️⃣ Mercado de Abastos 🐟** - A **traditional market** where locals buy fresh seafood, fruits, and vegetables. - Great place to experience the **authentic Andalusian food culture**. ### **6️⃣ Mirador del Jabiguero 🌅** - One of the **best viewpoints** in town, offering **panoramic views** over Conil and the Atlantic. - A perfect spot for sunset photos.  ## **🍽️ What to Eat in Conil de la Frontera** - **Atún de Almadraba** – Fresh **bluefin tuna**, caught using a traditional method 🐟 - **Ortiguillas fritas** – Fried **sea anemones**, a local delicacy 🍤 - **Choco a la plancha** – Grilled cuttlefish, a simple but delicious dish 🦑 - **Tortillitas de camarones** – Light and crispy shrimp fritters 🥞🦐 - **Sangría or Tinto de Verano** – Refreshing drinks to enjoy by the beach 🍷  ## **🚗 How to Get to Conil de la Frontera** 🚘 **By Car:** ~45 min from **Cádiz**, 1.5 hrs from **Seville**, 2.5 hrs from **Málaga** 🚆 **By Train:** Nearest station is **San Fernando-Bahía Sur**, then take a bus 🚌 **By Bus:** Direct buses from **Cádiz, Seville, and other Andalusian cities** ✈️ **By Air:** Closest airport is **Jerez de la Frontera (XRY)** (~1 hr away)  ## **💡 Tips for Visiting Conil de la Frontera** ✅ **Best time to visit?** **May to September** for beach weather, **spring & autumn** for fewer crowds 🌞 ✅ **Book accommodation early in summer** – It’s a popular vacation spot 🏡 ✅ **Try local tuna dishes** – Conil is famous for its bluefin tuna 🍽️ ✅ **Visit during the Feria de Conil (June)** for a lively cultural experience 🎉 

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

One of the most common criticisms leveled against nostr is the perceived lack of assurance when it comes to data storage. Critics argue that without a centralized authority guaranteeing that all data is preserved, important information will be lost. They also claim that running a relay will become prohibitively expensive. While there is truth to these concerns, they miss the mark. The genius of nostr lies in its flexibility, resilience, and the way it harnesses human incentives to ensure data availability in practice. A nostr relay is simply a server that holds cryptographically verifiable signed data and makes it available to others. Relays are simple, flexible, open, and require no permission to run. Critics are right that operating a relay attempting to store all nostr data will be costly. What they miss is that most will not run all encompassing archive relays. Nostr does not rely on massive archive relays. Instead, anyone can run a relay and choose to store whatever subset of data they want. This keeps costs low and operations flexible, making relay operation accessible to all sorts of individuals and entities with varying use cases. Critics are correct that there is no ironclad guarantee that every piece of data will always be available. Unlike bitcoin where data permanence is baked into the system at a steep cost, nostr does not promise that every random note or meme will be preserved forever. That said, in practice, any data perceived as valuable by someone will likely be stored and distributed by multiple entities. If something matters to someone, they will keep a signed copy. Nostr is the Streisand Effect in protocol form. The Streisand effect is when an attempt to suppress information backfires, causing it to spread even further. With nostr, anyone can broadcast signed data, anyone can store it, and anyone can distribute it. Try to censor something important? Good luck. The moment it catches attention, it will be stored on relays across the globe, copied, and shared by those who find it worth keeping. Data deemed important will be replicated across servers by individuals acting in their own interest. Nostr’s distributed nature ensures that the system does not rely on a single point of failure or a corporate overlord. Instead, it leans on the collective will of its users. The result is a network where costs stay manageable, participation is open to all, and valuable verifiable data is stored and distributed forever.