@ 09fbf8f3:fa3d60f0

> ### 第三方API合集： --- 免责申明: 在此推荐的 OpenAI API Key 由第三方代理商提供，所以我们不对 API Key 的 有效性 和 安全性 负责，请你自行承担购买和使用 API Key 的风险。 | 服务商 | 特性说明 | Proxy 代理地址 | 链接 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AiHubMix | 使用 OpenAI 企业接口，全站模型价格为官方 86 折（含 GPT-4 ）| https://aihubmix.com/v1 | [官网](https://aihubmix.com?aff=mPS7) | | OpenAI-HK | OpenAI的API官方计费模式为，按每次API请求内容和返回内容tokens长度来定价。每个模型具有不同的计价方式，以每1,000个tokens消耗为单位定价。其中1,000个tokens约为750个英文单词（约400汉字）| https://api.openai-hk.com/ | [官网](https://openai-hk.com/?i=45878) | | CloseAI | CloseAI是国内规模最大的商用级OpenAI代理平台，也是国内第一家专业OpenAI中转服务，定位于企业级商用需求，面向企业客户的线上服务提供高质量稳定的官方OpenAI API 中转代理，是百余家企业和多家科研机构的专用合作平台。 | https://api.openai-proxy.org | [官网](https://www.closeai-asia.com/) | | OpenAI-SB | 需要配合Telegram 获取api key | https://api.openai-sb.com | [官网](https://www.openai-sb.com/) | ` 持续更新。。。` --- ### 推广： 访问不了openai，去`低调云`购买VPN。 官网：https://didiaocloud.xyz 邀请码：`w9AjVJit` 价格低至1元。

@ 06639a38:655f8f71

One year ago I wrote the article [Why Nostr resonates](https://sebastix.nl/blog/why-nostr-resonates/) in Dutch and English after I visited the Bitcoin Amsterdam 2023 conference and the Nostrdam event. It got published at [bitcoinfocus.nl](https://bitcoinfocus.nl/2023/11/02/278-waarom-nostr-resoneert/) (translated in Dutch). The main reason why I wrote that piece is that I felt that my gut feeling was tellinng me that Nostr is going to change many things on the web. After the article was published, one of the first things I did was setting up this page on my website: [https://sebastix.nl/nostr-research-and-development](https://sebastix.nl/nostr-research-and-development). The page contains this section (which I updated on 31-10-2024):  One metric I would like to highlight is the number of repositories on Github. Compared to a year ago, there are already more than 1130 repositories now on Github tagged with Nostr. Let's compare this number to other social media protocols and decentralized platforms (24-10-2024): * Fediverse: 522 * ATProto: 159 * Scuttlebot: 49 * Farcaster: 202 * Mastodon: 1407 * ActivityPub: 444 Nostr is growing. FYI there are many Nostr repositories not hosted on Github, so the total number of Nostr reposities is higher. I know that many devs are using their own Git servers to host it. We're even capable of setting up Nostr native Git repositories (for example, see [https://gitworkshop.dev/repos](https://gitworkshop.dev/repos)). Eventually, Nostr will make Github (and other platforms) absolute. Let me continue summarizing my personal Nostr highlights of last year. ## Organising Nostr meetups  This is me playing around with the NostrDebug tool showing how you can query data from Nostr relays. Jurjen is standing behind me. He is one of the people I've met this year who I'm sure I will have a long-term friendship with. ## OpenSats grant for Nostr-PHP   In December 2023 I submitted my application for a OpenSats grant for the further development of the Nostr-PHP helper library. After some months I finally got the message that my application was approved... When I got the message I was really stoked and excited. It's a great form of appreciation for the work I had done so far and with this grant I get the opportunity to take the work to another higher level. So please check out the work done for so far: * [https://nostr-php.dev](https://nostr-php.dev) * [https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php](https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php) ## Meeting Dries  One of my goosebumps moments I had in 2022 when I saw that the founder and tech lead of Drupal Dries Buytaert posted '[Nostr, love at first sight](https://dri.es/nostr-love-at-first-sight)' on his blog. These types of moments are very rare moment where two different worlds merge where I wouldn't expect it. Later on I noticed that Dries would come to the yearly Dutch Drupal event. For me this was a perfect opportunity to meet him in person and have some Nostr talks. I admire the work he is doing for Drupal and the community. I hope we can bridge Nostr stuff in some way to Drupal. In general this applies for any FOSS project out there. [Here](https://sebastix.nl/blog/photodump-and-highlights-drupaljam-2024/) is my recap of that Drupal event. ## Attending Nostriga  A conference where history is made and written. I felt it immediately at the first sessions I attended. I will never forget the days I had at Nostriga. I don't have the words to describe what it brought to me.  I also pushed myself out of my comfort zone by giving a keynote called 'POSSE with Nostr - how we pivot away from API's with one of Nostr superpowers'. I'm not sure if this is something I would do again, but I've learned a lot from it. You can find the presentation [here](https://nostriga.nostrver.se/). It is recorded, but I'm not sure if and when it gets published. ## Nostr billboard advertisement  This advertisment was shown on a billboard beside the [A58 highway in The Netherlands](https://www.google.nl/maps/@51.5544315,4.5607291,3a,75y,34.72h,93.02t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sdQv9nm3J9SdUQCD0caFR-g!2e0!7i16384!8i8192?coh=205409&entry=ttu) from September 2nd till September 16th 2024. You can find all the assets and more footage of the billboard ad here: [https://gitlab.com/sebastix-group/nostr/nostr-ads](https://gitlab.com/sebastix-group/nostr/nostr-ads). My goal was to set an example of how we could promote Nostr in more traditional ways and inspire others to do the same. In Brazil a fundraiser was achieved to do something similar there: [https://geyser.fund/project/nostrifybrazil](https://geyser.fund/project/nostrifybrazil). ## Volunteering at Nostr booths growNostr  This was such a great motivating experience. Attending as a volunteer at the Nostr booth during the Bitcoin Amsterdam 2024 conference. Please read my note with all the lessons I learned [here](https://nostrver.se/note/my-learned-nostr-lessons-nostr-booth-bitcoin-amsterdam-2024). ## The other stuff * The Nostr related blog articles I wrote past year: * [**Run a Nostr relay with your own policies**](https://sebastix.nl/blog/run-a-nostr-relay-with-your-own-policies/) (02-04-2024) * [**Why social networks should be based on commons**](https://sebastix.nl/blog/why-social-networks-should-be-based-on-commons/) (03-01-2024) * [**How could Drupal adopt Nostr?**](https://sebastix.nl/blog/how-could-drupal-adopt-nostr/) (30-12-2023) * [**Nostr integration for CCHS.social**](https://sebastix.nl/blog/nostr-integration-for-cchs-social-drupal-cms/) (21-12-2023) * [https://ccns.nostrver.se](https://ccns.nostrver.se)  CCNS stands for Community Curated Nostr Stuff. At the end of 2023 I started to build this project. I forked an existing Drupal project of mine (https://cchs.social) to create a link aggregation website inspired by stacker.news. At the beginning of 2024 I also joined the TopBuilder 2024 contest which was a productive period getting to know new people in the Bitcoin and Nostr space. * [https://nuxstr.nostrver.se](https://nuxstr.nostrver.se)  PHP is not my only language I use to build stuff. As a fullstack webdeveloper I also work with Javascript. Many Nostr clients are made with Javascript frameworks or other more client-side focused tools. Vuejs is currently my Javascript framework I'm the most convenient with. With Vuejs I started to tinker around with Nuxt combined with NDK and so I created a starter template for Vue / Nuxt developers. * [ZapLamp](nostr:npub1nfrsmpqln23ls7y3e4m29c22x3qaq9wmmr7zkfcttty2nk2kd6zs9re52s) This is a neat DIY package from LNbits. Powered by an Arduino ESP32 dev board it was running a 24/7 livestream on zap.stream at my office. It flashes when you send a zap to the npub of the ZapLamp. * [https://nosto.re](https://nosto.re)  Since the beginning when the Blossom spec was published by @hzrd49 and @StuartBowman I immediately took the opportunity to tinker with it. I'm also running a relay for transmitting Blossom Nostr events `wss://relay.nosto.re`. * [Relays I maintain](https://nostrver.se/note/relays-i-maintain) I really enjoy to tinker with different relays implementations. Relays are the fundamental base layer to let Nostr work. I'm still sharing my contributions on [https://nostrver.se/](https://nostrver.se/) where I publish my weekly Nostr related stuff I worked on. This website is built with Drupal where I use the Nostr Simple Publish and Nostr long-form content NIP-23 modules to crosspost the notes and long-form content to the Nostr network (like this piece of content you're reading).  ## The Nostr is the people Just like the web, the web is people: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCgvkslCzTo](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCgvkslCzTo)  > the people on nostr are some of the smartest and coolest i’ve ever got to know. who cares if it doesn’t take over the world. It’s done more than i could ever ask for. - [@jb55](nostr:note1fsfqja9kkvzuhe5yckff3gkkeqe7upxqljg2g4nkjzp5u9y7t25qx43uch) Here are some Nostriches who I'm happy to have met and who influenced my journey in Nostr in a positive way. * Jurjen * Bitpopart * Arjen * Jeroen * Alex Gleason * Arnold Lubach * Nathan Day * Constant * fiatjaf * Sync ## Coming year Generally I will continue doing what I've done last year. Besides the time I spent on Nostr stuff, I'm also very busy with Drupal related work for my customers. I hope I can get the opportunity to work on a paid client project related to Nostr. It will be even better when I can combine my Drupal expertise with Nostr for projects paid by customers. ### Building a new Nostr application When I look at my Nostr backlog where I just put everything in with ideas and notes, there are quite some interesting concepts there for building new Nostr applications. Filtering out, I think these three are the most exciting ones: * nEcho, a micro app for optimizing your reach via Nostr (NIP-65) * Nostrides.cc platform where you can share Nostr activity events (NIP-113) * A child-friendly video web app with parent-curated content (NIP-71) ### Nostr & Drupal When working out a new idea for a Nostr client, I'm trying to combine my expertises into one solution. That's why I also build and maintain some Nostr contrib modules for Drupal. * [Nostr Simple Publish](https://www.drupal.org/project/nostr_simple_publish) Drupal module to cross-post notes from Drupal to Nostr * [Nostr long-form content NIP-23](https://www.drupal.org/project/nostr_content_nip23) Drupal module to cross-post Markdown formatted content from Drupal to Nostr * [Nostr internet identifier NIP-05](https://www.drupal.org/project/nostr_id_nip05) Drupal module to setup Nostr internet identifier addresses with Drupal. * [Nostr NDK](https://drupal.org/project/nostr_dev_kit) Includes the Javascript library Nostr Dev Kit (NDK) in a Drupal project. One of my (very) ambitious goals is to build a Drupal powered Nostr (website) package with the following main features: * Able to login into Drupal with your Nostr keypair * Cross-post content to the Nostr network * Fetch your Nostr content from the Nostr content * Serve as a content management system (CMS) for your Nostr events * Serve as a framework to build a hybrid Nostr web application * Run and maintain a Nostr relay with custom policies * Usable as a feature rich progressive web app * Use it as a remote signer These are just some random ideas as my Nostr + Drupal backlog is way longer than this. ### Nostr-PHP With all the newly added and continues being updated NIPs in the protocol, this helper library will never be finished. As the sole maintainer of this library I would like to invite others to join as a maintainer or just be a contributor to the library. PHP is big on the web, but there are not many PHP developers active yet using Nostr. Also PHP as a programming language is really pushing forward keeping up with the latest innovations.  ### Grow Nostr outside the Bitcoin community We are working out a submission to host a Nostr stand at FOSDEM 2025. If approved, it will be the first time (as far as I know) that Nostr could be present at a conference outside the context of Bitcoin. The audience at FOSDEM is mostly technical oriented, so I'm really curious what type of feedback we will receive. Let's finish this article with some random Nostr photos from last year. Cheers!       

@ acc925af:db9fb0bb

  # Summary > After a lot of criticism that came Ocean's way in the beginning, the team over there has indeed shown the world that, truly, they're users of the bitcoin protocol that would deploy capital to acquire hardware to foster Ocean's vision as to what true sovereign mining is, and should be. > What was laughed at as a joke initially, has grown from <1 Eh/s to ~4Eh/s in about a year. One can only be optimistic about the development, as the company in question recently just launched DATUM, a way to further foster their vision of sovereign mining. Can't wait to see the TIDES game theory playout, as it's still the best payout scheme available today. > In Summary, Ocean's continuing to redefine what sovereign mining is all about while still accumulating hash-rate from low-time preference lovers of the protocol, and maintaining TIDES payout scheme remains the best compared to FPPS & PPLNS. #### Couldn't be more bullish on Ocean!!! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749896

@ acc925af:db9fb0bb

https://x.com/BitcoinMagazine/status/1852333488155807789 In another episode of "bitcoin is winning", we see here central bankers, capitulating to supporting the protocol by securing it to the level of acquiring hardware (ASICS) to do so. This plays to the game theory thesis that most bitcoiners have talked about for a decade plus now. What remains to be seen is how they'll react to the chip wars, as that's still an area that's massively dominated by the Han Chinese. Would Argentina have it's own chip industry in the future originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749738

@ a853296a:209e695f

👋 **What's up, stackers & podcasters!** I'm excited to announce a new release for [Jamie](https://cascdr.xyz/?tab=jamie) – our AI-powered podcast assistant (think a virtual Jamie for Joe Rogan fans)! --- **TL;DR:** Jamie now goes beyond file uploads! With this update, Jamie can access any podcast published on an RSS feed, making it super easy to get transcripts, summaries, blog posts, and more. Our goal is to make Jamie your go-to tool for everything pre-production, post-production, promotion, and podcast market research. --- 🛠️ **How to Use the New Jamie** **Step 1: Search for Your Podcast on RSS** Find the feed of your choice and select it to start analyzing episodes:  **Step 2: Pick the Episode You Want to Analyze** Choose any episode to get started!  _analyzing @k00b and @Car on SNL_ **Step 3: Select Your Content Type** Choose the type of content you want to generate – we have nine default options, or you can create your own Custom Prompt:  **✏️ Optional: Customize the Prompt/Give More Context** Adding more context or tweaking the prompt can help tailor the output:  **⏳ Step 4: Await Your Results** Within about a minute, Jamie delivers the content you need:  --- 🚀 **Future Plans** - Expand and continually improve on Jamie's capabilities. Our goal is to make Jamie a great assistant for all things media pre-production, post-production and even research! Please hit us with feedback as we pursue that goal. - **Teaser**: we are the proud owners of pullthatupjamie.ai. We plan to make the most out of that and provide you with great AI enhanced researching tools. This new tool to be announced will provide unparalleled utility, convenience and privacy aligned with our other applications - More language support! Jamie has gotten popular with an international audience! Stay tuned as we make more releases & optimizations related to supporting users worldwide --- 🧡 **If you made it this far, thanks for tuning in!** Check out our bitcoin-payable services and apps at [https://cascdr.xyz](https://cascdr.xyz). Cheers, and happy podcasting! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749836

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

[Part 1](https://stacker.news/items/735219) | [Part 2](https://stacker.news/items/736674) | [Part 3](https://stacker.news/items/738294) | [Part 4](https://stacker.news/items/739692) | [Part 5](https://stacker.news/items/743142) | [Part 6](https://stacker.news/items/744965) | [Part 7](https://stacker.news/items/746621) | [Part 8](https://stacker.news/items/748225) --- 101. **Gregory IV [827-844]** Son of a noble family and priest in Rome. He got involved in the royal affairs of Louis the Pious and his sons, trying to reconcile them, but it went very poorly. In the Treaty of Verdun (843), the Empire was divided: - Charles the Bald took Neustria and Aquitaine, which would eventually become France. - Louis the German took Austrasia and Germania, the future Germany. - Lothair retained the Kingdom of Italy. This division allowed Roman aristocrats to interfere in ecclesiastical matters. In theological matters, he created a protocol for canonization procedures and established the Feast of All Saints. To reinforce this, he ordered the history of the saints to be depicted through art in buildings. 102. **Sergius II [844-847]** From a noble family, he had full support from the aristocrats, while the people preferred Archdeacon John. To avoid a coup, he exiled John. Sergius was consecrated, bypassing the Constitutio Lotharii. A year later, he obtained approval. His brother Benedict, the Bishop, wielded the true power. Corrupt and disorganized, he faced a Saracen invasion of Rome, which led to the looting of the Basilica of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. He died shortly after the raid. 103. **Leo IV [847-855]** To prevent another raid, he ordered fortifications for Saint Peter's Basilica and nearby areas, organized coastal defenses, and in 849 won a victory at Ostia. This Pope appears in the fourth season of *Vikings.* Also, during this time, the legend of Pope Joan began to circulate[^1]. 104. **Benedict III [855-858]** This Pope was problematic. First, he was forcibly removed from San Callisto. Second, he was an ascetic and scholar. Emperor Louis II wanted his candidate Anastasius in power, pressuring the Roman curia to make Anastasius Pope. Benedict was taken prisoner, but neither the clergy nor the people supported the imperial mission, and they were forced to yield. Afterward, Anastasius was excommunicated. This interference marked the beginning of the decay of the Constitutio Lotharii. 105. **Nicholas I [858-867]** Deacon to Leo IV [103], he was respected for his ecclesial commitment. This Pope was a strong leader, defending the Church's autonomy from imperial power and strengthening the role of Rome, asserting that it stood above civil service. The breaking point was when Lothair sought to divorce Theutberga to marry Waldrada. The French clergy approved the divorce, but Lothair, informed, threatened excommunication for the archbishops of Cologne and Trier, declaring the divorce null. Boris I of Bulgaria sought the Pope’s help in evangelizing but was in delicate territory due to Orthodox ritualism. He made efforts to place papal legates in all European courts to intervene in ecclesiastical judicial matters. 106. **Adrian II [867-872]** His election faced doubts; he was 80 years old when ascending. He received Cyril and Methodius, who sought support to evangelize in their native Slavic language. Adrian approved this, breaking the liturgical tradition of only using Latin, Greek, or Hebrew, and consecrated Methodius as Bishop of Pannonia. He convened the Eighth Ecumenical Council to address the issues arising with Photius. These disputes would lay the foundation for the future schism between the Roman Catholic Apostolic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Anastasius, who had tried to depose Benedict III [104], killed his wife and daughter, who lived in the Lateran Palace. 107. **John VIII [872-882]** Archdeacon of Rome before his election, he was energetic and never left Rome out of fear of Saracen invasion. He repeatedly sought help from Charles the Bald, whom he crowned Emperor of France. With no assistance from any emperor, he called on the Christian people to defend ecclesiastical life. He was assassinated by a blow to the head with a hammer. 108. **Marinus [882-884]** An administrative official before becoming Pope, he intervened in the transfer of bishops, which involved dubious promotions and un-Christian practices. In 883, Montecassino was invaded by Saracens who killed monks. 109. **Adrian III [884-885]** Issued a decree breaking the Constitutio Lotharii and responded to Charles the Fat's request to intervene in the Diet of Worms but died on his way to France. After the burial rites, his tomb was opened, and his clothes were looted. 110. **Stephen V [885-891]** Elected unanimously. Here’s the map of the Carolingian Empire: Charles the Fat fragmented the empire, leaving France with King Odo, Germany with Arnulf, and Italy with Guy of Spoleto. Charles the Fat died, sparking chaos for the imperial crown. Added to this were Viking invasions in the north. With this Pope, what is called the *Papal Night* begins. The *Papal Night* refers to a period of darkness, where Popes would become puppets of the nobility. But that is for the next chapter. [^1]: Pope Joan is a myth created within the Roman curia, suggesting that a woman disguised herself as Pope—possibly John VIII. Over time, historians reached a consensus that it is fictional, as no documentation of it exists. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749793

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

My daughter was eagerly helping to hand out Halloween candy to trick-or-treaters tonight, once we got home from our own trick-or-treating. It was fairly slow, which was good because I didn't buy a ton of candy. Some of the older kids started showing up, including some pretty obvious teenagers. My daughter told one of them "You are a big kid. Big kids don't trick-or-treat." My parents thought it was hilarious and told her "Good job." I told her that she's right and big kids aren't supposed to trick-or-treat. I wonder if that kid will remember the little Spiderman who told him he was too old for trick-or-treating. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749248

@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5

### Lightning Node Issues My nodes been down for a couple of days since I switched routers. It seems like they it connect to the internet, so my lightning node is down. I don't have much on the thing, but I really enjoyed using Albyhub, the budgeted NWC, and having zaps sent directly to my node. I'll get it working eventually; I probably need to look into Start9 customer support, which costs $100 but probably worth every satoshi. --- ### Exploring E-Cash I've switched my lightning address to hustle@npub.cash and have started checking out the e-cash stuff more closely. I should probably be using Minibits, but I'm gravitating towards the Cashu.me and Npub.cash combo. I like the idea of logging into a wallet with my extension or signer and seeing my Nostr profile and e-cash. Cashu.me also has NWC functionality (which I haven't tried yet, but look forward to). --- ### Creating a Run Tracker: RunWild I've been tinkering with making a run tracker for Nostr called **RunWild**. I'll play around with it myself a lot before shouting it out to freedomland. **RunWild Features:** - Released on [zap.store](https://zap.store) only - Sign in with Amber - NIP60/61 support for the e-cash attached to your Npub - **Runstr Chatroom:** Similar to Fountains' #tunestr chatroom - **Run Controls:** Start run/Pause run/Stop run/Run History/Post run to Nostr - **Wavlake Support:** See and play your Wavlake playlists from the app **Future Plans:** - Achievements and Goals - Running groups with Nostr freaks - Competitions and challenges with Nostr freaks - Merch on Shopstr - Sponsored Workout Tracks - **E-cash Rewards:** E-cash zap and a shoutout after your run - Nostr Badges - Zaps I'll probably limit the app to 100 users for a long time and give them e-cash as a way to reward them for testing the app and building a community feel. It makes sense to throw a territory fee amount of sats at them. I mainly want to stop using the Nike run app and use a run tracker that I can log into with Nostr and listen to Wavlake stuff while running. It'll be cool if the app catches on, but if not, it'll be a personal freedom tech tool that me and my wife use. It would be cool to create a new event kind for the runs that I track, so that when someone comes out with a better app than mine, my runs will appear on theirs. This might be how I win. --- ### Closing Rambles I saw Pablo come out with an e-cash project today called **Honeypot**. It has a button stretching across the bottom of the screen that says "I'm ready to lose some money" (with an exclamation mark), and contains language like #reckless and "Aaaaand money gone." I quoted the note saying "I'm ready, where do I sign up?"............. Tinkering is often the antithesis of smooth sailing, and even though my node may be down, and I'm scrambling for e-cash wallets like a pre-coiner scrambling for exchange yield, I'm still excited and motivated to use and build. Maybe running through the shifting terrain is half the fun. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/749200

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

 Sometimes you just don't have time to polish things the way you wish you could by a deadline. Anyway, I wanted to follow up on https://stacker.news/items/717596 for anyone curious, or especially for anyone that wants to do this as well tonight. # First off, here's the repo: https://github.com/ttooccooll/snickerbar.me Please feel free to use yourself! As you'll see in the pics, I've added a link to an Alex Gladstein video and put in a little more hand-holding on the token. I've been passing them out all month and this current iteration seems to be working best. **IMPORTANT: the Mrs. and I are putting packaging tape on the back of the token's QR code. You will need to as well if you want to give away anything more than a single sat[^1].** Without this, it's just too bended from the ink and cutting. Making a readable QR code for the token has been a great educational journey for me in general. There's a lot of info in those little cashus! Needless to say, it's errorCorrectionLevel: 'L' and now only five tokens to a page instead of ten. # What else is new I'm not in as good of a financial position as I hoped, so I'm playing the music myself again. Not in any trouble, but let's just say that even if I didn't have multi-sig, the $5 wrench trick-or-treaters got bigger fish to fry. It's also going to rain here. All this also means I'm not dragging the organ out this year. I'm going to make some beats on the ipad and play some creepy DX-100. From the other room, I'll also play an old vinyl LP of spooky sounds. # Tunes for tonight: Laura Palmer Theme a few of my creepy originals Toccata and Fugue in D minor Theme from Quest for Glory 4 Theme from Halloween some creepy improv [I'll also be playing this video](https://stacker.news/items/748546) and do some walking of my kids of course too. What's your plan for tonight? Stay safe and stack candy!  # The future My next goal is to rename this project breadcrumbs. It will no longer be Halloween themed and should be a way for you to leave cashus in random places to lead strangers to the orange pill all on their own. [^1]: I'm doing 21 sats per token, but you can fill them all out individually and even make each one a unique number of sats. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/748618

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

https://video.nostr.build/203761f47ef4dc3bee323d659144b35bcf9149365ca00ec9eaf6b2f5907c5586.mp4  I spent WAY too much time on this already. I wanted to get it out on Halloween but I still can't get the preview to work. Also, to get it up on nostr.build instead of youtube, I had to seriously degrade the quality. I know, excuses, excuses. You don't care about no excuses. Anyway, I STILL think it's worth your time to give a click and maybe share with some nocoiner friends. https://video.nostr.build/203761f47ef4dc3bee323d659144b35bcf9149365ca00ec9eaf6b2f5907c5586.mp4 #ominoustreasuredepartmenthalloweenmemevideos originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/748546

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

Previous parts [Part 1](https://stacker.news/items/735219)|[Part 2](https://stacker.news/items/736674)|[Part 3](https://stacker.news/items/738294)|[Part 4](https://stacker.news/items/739692)|[Part 5](https://stacker.news/items/743142)| [Part 6](https://stacker.news/items/744965)| [Part 7](https://stacker.news/items/746621) --- After ceasing to depend on Byzantium, the Papacy found itself isolated and in search of a new ally, discovering that the answer lay to the north of Italy, and they began establishing relations. During this period, the Papacy started consolidating itself as both an ecclesiastical power and began to extend its influence into the geopolitical sphere through new alliances. ---  #### 91. Zacharias [741-752] Known for being conciliatory and charitable, this Pope faced a challenging scenario. Liutprand, King of the Lombards, had ambitions to reclaim Rome, placing Zacharias in a vulnerable position on the geographical chessboard. To prevent this, he negotiated a truce that would last 20 years with the Lombards. Theologically, he convened the Synod of Rome (745) to discourage angel worship, a rising trend in recent years. Another scenario unfolded with Pepin the Short, the palace mayor, who wanted to dethrone his master, Childeric III, the Merovingian king. He consulted the Pope, asking who should rightfully hold power—the one who acts as king or the one who merely wears the crown. The Pope responded by referencing the *Etymologies* of (Saint) Isidore of Seville: *He who acts as king should be king by right*. Through this consultation, a political-religious bond between the Pope and the Carolingian dynasty emerged, influencing future emperors. With the Eastern Empire no longer protecting Rome, the Pope sought protection from the Franks, initiating this new alliance by crowning Emperor Pepin. #### 92. Stephen II [752] Known as "the brief," he assumed the papacy on March 15, 752, and passed away on March 22. #### 93. Stephen II-III [752-757] He fought against the Lombards, keeping them at bay. He captured Ravenna and ended Byzantine presence in the region. During his visit to Paris, he met with Pepin. It would take another thousand years before another Pope would visit Paris. He requested protection from the Franks and unified the Masses with the Roman rite, finalizing the consolidation of the Church. Due to the brief tenure of the previous Stephen, historians debate whether to number him as II or III. #### 94. Paul I [757-767] A Roman aristocrat from the Orsini family. His election was influenced by both the military nobility and Roman aristocracy, who sought to interfere in the voting. He bore the consequences of the growing divide with the East. #### 95. Stephen III [767-772] Desiderius, King of the Lombards, attempted to position his candidate, the monk Philip, while the Duke of Nepi led an insurrection to name Constantine II (antipope), who was later deposed. At the Lateran Council (769), he decreed that only priests and deacons could participate in papal elections, thus excluding laypersons from the decision-making process; he also condemned iconoclasm but failed to resolve the Franco-Lombard conflict, as Desiderius’s daughter married Charlemagne, the new king of the Franks. #### 96. Hadrian I [772-795] A former imperial consul before becoming Pope, he promoted missionary work in England. Empress Irene convened an Ecumenical Council in Nicaea, reaffirming the condemnation of iconoclasm and the followers of Leo III the Isaurian. Charlemagne sought influence in papal affairs. Hadrian sought Charlemagne’s assistance against the Lombards. Charlemagne invaded Lombardy and declared himself King of the Lombards. During this period, the Donation of Constantine document circulated, claiming Pope Sylvester [33] granted all imperial rights and privileges. This document was later proven false. Hadrian began dating documents by his pontificate year instead of the Byzantine emperor’s year. #### 97. Leo III [795-816] Just a day after his predecessor's death, Leo was appointed Pope. He sent a verbal copy of his appointment to the French court, a precedent with significant implications in the following centuries. In April 799, relatives and followers of the previous Pope ambushed him, leaving him wounded. The conspirators claimed Leo was unfit and that they felt unsafe under his rule. Leo exiled them without privileges. On December 25, 800, Charlemagne was crowned emperor in St. Peter's Basilica. #### 98. Stephen IV [816-817] He consecrated Louis the Pious as King of the Franks, marking a period where imperial legitimacy sought papal coronation. #### 99. Paschal I [817-824] This man had an aristocratic background, he was educated by Abyssinians. He openly promoted missionary efforts in northern Europe, particularly in Nordic countries, leading to the appearance of St. Ansgar, the first bishop of Hamburg. He crowned Lothair I as Holy Roman Emperor in Rome. He aided in relocating relics in Palestine and Spain during the fight against increasingly powerful Saracens. Upon his death, Roman aristocracy demanded greater participation in the clergy, sparking a civil conflict. #### 100. Eugene II [824-827] Nicknamed the *Father of the People* for his measures to aid the poor and orphans. Lothair I attempted to impose the *Constitutio Lotharii*, a document with significant imperial influence, which aimed to revive caesaropapism. The Pope rejected the document. In 826, he presided over a Council in Rome, addressing issues like priestly conduct, marriage morality, and clerical discipline. He encouraged the organization of institutes and seminaries. During his pontificate, the tomb of St. James the Apostle was discovered, establishing a future pilgrimage site. #### 101. Valentine [827] Passed away 40 days after his confirmation. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/748225

@ dca6e1cc:ea7d1750

Hey everyone, we have two new rewards on offer to help us reach our Geyser crowdfunding goal for [Bitcoin Nakawa.](https://stacker.news/items/682979) ### Reward #1: Nakawa Children's Book [Reward #1: Nakawa Children's Book](https://geyser.fund/project/bitcoinnakawa/rewards/view/5192)  I've been wanting to write a children's book for a while and Nakawa has inspired me to do so. This is a pre-sale on a limited collection of 1000 copies. Expected delivery is October, 2025. **With each order, contributors receive both a physical and digital copy, and a physical translated copy will be donated to a student at the Nakawa school.** We hope you're as excited about the Nakawa children's book as we are! ### Reward #2: 1-year Afrika Ascending Podcast Membership [Reward #2: 1-year Afrika Ascending Podcast Membership](https://geyser.fund/project/bitcoinnakawa/rewards/view/5194)  [Learn more about the Afrika Ascending Podcast](https://stacker.news/items/739605) We recently launched the Afrika Ascending Podcast to accompany the [Wandering w/ Purpose](https://stacker.news/items/708070) publication. We are now offering contributors the opportunity to support Bitcoin Nakawa and receive a 1-year discounted membership to the Afrika Ascending Podcast. Have a look at the Afrika Ascending Podcast on [Substack](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/s/afrika-ascending) and [Spotify](https://open.spotify.com/show/7ziDlp1jWWI79pmcF8KB0E?si=MTcTdpTKTmimyTXIWQqiWQ). Bitcoin is always preferred. Acquiring your Afrika Ascending Podcast membership through our Geyser Fund gives contributors a 33% discount compared to our fiat annual payment channel. ## Making progress toward the Mongongo Nut Processing Machine [We are 24% of the way toward reaching our goal](https://geyser.fund/project/bitcoinnakawa/goals) to purchase a Mongongo Nut Processing Machine for the Nakawa village. Not bad!  We're excited to see how much closer our rewards can bring us to reaching our goal. Thanks to all our supporters! G originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/747936

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Have you ever heard that cryptocurrencies are primarily used by criminals? This is a common idea, but it doesn’t reflect reality. In this article, we will explore what cryptocurrencies are, how they work, and why the notion that they’re only for illegal activities is a myth. We will also compare the use of cryptocurrencies with traditional money and understand how blockchain technology brings transparency and security to transactions. https://www.fountain.fm/episode/hVVS7hrsX8VQ9SPoUYbg ## What Are Cryptocurrencies? Cryptocurrencies are digital currencies that use cryptography to secure transactions. The most well-known is Bitcoin, but there are many others, like Ethereum, Litecoin, and Ripple. Unlike traditional money, cryptocurrencies are not controlled by governments or central banks. They operate on a decentralized network called blockchain, which records all transactions publicly and immutably. ## The Origin of the Myth: Cryptocurrencies and Illicit Activities The myth that cryptocurrencies are mainly used for crime began with cases like Silk Road, an illegal online marketplace where Bitcoin was used to buy and sell illicit products. This type of news captured attention and created a negative image of cryptocurrencies. However, it’s essential to understand that these cases are exceptions and don’t represent the majority of cryptocurrency use. ## Current Data: Cryptocurrencies and Illicit Activities [According to the **2024 Cryptocurrency Crime Report** from **Chainalysis**](https://www.chainalysis.com/blog/2024-crypto-crime-report-introduction/?ref=eddieoz.com), only **0.34%** of cryptocurrency transactions in 2023 were linked to illegal activities. This means that the vast majority of people use cryptocurrencies legitimately, for investments, shopping, sending money to family in other countries, and other legal activities. ## Comparison with Traditional Money When we look at traditional money, like the dollar or the euro, we see that it is much more used in criminal activities. [According to a report by **Verafin**](https://verafin.com/2024/02/a-3-1-trillion-financial-crime-epidemic/?ref=eddieoz.com), about **3.1 trillion dollars** are used annually in financial crimes such as drug trafficking, terrorism, fraud, and money laundering. This represents approximately **3.87%** of all money in circulation. In comparison, the illicit use of cryptocurrencies is a much smaller fraction. This shows that traditional money remains the main tool for financial crimes, not cryptocurrencies. ## The Transparency of Blockchain One of the great advantages of cryptocurrencies is blockchain technology. Since all transactions are recorded in a public ledger, it’s possible to trace the path of money. This makes it harder for criminals to hide their activities. Unlike cash, which can change hands without leaving any trace, cryptocurrency transactions leave a permanent record. Companies and law enforcement agencies use this transparency to identify and combat illegal activities. This makes cryptocurrencies less appealing to criminals who prefer methods that leave no trace. ## How Much Money Is There in the World? To understand the scale, it’s interesting to know that, according to the **World Population Review**, [about **80 trillion dollars** are in circulation globally](https://worldpopulationreview.com/metrics/how-much-money-is-in-the-world?ref=eddieoz.com), including physical and digital money. Out of this total, only **5 trillion dollars** is in physical cash. This shows that most transactions are already digital, even in the traditional financial system. ## Cryptocurrencies Promote Economic Freedom Cryptocurrencies offer people more control over their own money. Without the need for intermediaries like banks or governments, transactions can be made directly between individuals. This is especially useful in countries with unstable financial systems or where the population lacks easy access to banking services. This financial autonomy can bother traditional institutions that are used to controlling the flow of money. Therefore, we sometimes see criticism of cryptocurrencies from these institutions, which may try to link them to criminal activities to discredit them. ## Myths and Realities It’s a myth to say that cryptocurrencies are mainly used for crimes. The reality is that they are primarily used for legal and legitimate purposes. People around the world invest in cryptocurrencies, use them for online shopping, send money to family in other countries, and even protect their savings from inflation. ## Conclusion: Are Cryptocurrencies Really the Villains? The evidence shows that cryptocurrencies are not the villains some believe them to be. On the contrary, they offer a safe, transparent, and efficient way to conduct financial transactions. While traditional money continues to be the main means used in criminal activities, the illicit use of cryptocurrencies remains a small exception. If you have doubts about the reliability of cryptocurrencies, remember that the technology behind them is designed to be safe and transparent. With current data and information, it’s clear that cryptocurrencies are closer to being a solution for financial problems than a cause. ## And You, What Do You Think? Are cryptocurrencies being unfairly accused? Share your opinion and join the discussion!Have you ever heard that cryptocurrencies are primarily used by criminals? This is a common idea, but it doesn’t reflect reality. In this article, we will explore what cryptocurrencies are, how they work, and why the notion that they’re only for illegal activities is a myth. We will also compare the use of cryptocurrencies with traditional money and understand how blockchain technology brings transparency and security to transactions. What Are Cryptocurrencies? Cryptocurrencies are digital currencies that use cryptography to secure transactions. The most well-known is Bitcoin, but there are many others, like Ethereum, Litecoin, and Ripple. Unlike traditional money, cryptocurrencies are not controlled by governments or central banks. They operate on a decentralized network called blockchain, which records all transactions publicly and immutably. The Origin of the Myth: Cryptocurrencies and Illicit Activities The myth that cryptocurrencies are mainly used for crime began with cases like Silk Road, an illegal online marketplace where Bitcoin was used to buy and sell illicit products. This type of news captured attention and created a negative image of cryptocurrencies. However, it’s essential to understand that these cases are exceptions and don’t represent the majority of cryptocurrency use. Current Data: Cryptocurrencies and Illicit Activities According to the 2024 Cryptocurrency Crime Report from Chainalysis, only 0.34% of cryptocurrency transactions in 2023 were linked to illegal activities. This means that the vast majority of people use cryptocurrencies legitimately, for investments, shopping, sending money to family in other countries, and other legal activities. Comparison with Traditional Money When we look at traditional money, like the dollar or the euro, we see that it is much more used in criminal activities. According to a report by Verafin, about 3.1 trillion dollars are used annually in financial crimes such as drug trafficking, terrorism, fraud, and money laundering. This represents approximately 3.87% of all money in circulation. In comparison, the illicit use of cryptocurrencies is a much smaller fraction. This shows that traditional money remains the main tool for financial crimes, not cryptocurrencies. The Transparency of Blockchain One of the great advantages of cryptocurrencies is blockchain technology. Since all transactions are recorded in a public ledger, it’s possible to trace the path of money. This makes it harder for criminals to hide their activities. Unlike cash, which can change hands without leaving any trace, cryptocurrency transactions leave a permanent record. Companies and law enforcement agencies use this transparency to identify and combat illegal activities. This makes cryptocurrencies less appealing to criminals who prefer methods that leave no trace. How Much Money Is There in the World? To understand the scale, it’s interesting to know that, according to the World Population Review, about 80 trillion dollars are in circulation globally, including physical and digital money. Out of this total, only 5 trillion dollars is in physical cash. This shows that most transactions are already digital, even in the traditional financial system. Cryptocurrencies Promote Economic Freedom Cryptocurrencies offer people more control over their own money. Without the need for intermediaries like banks or governments, transactions can be made directly between individuals. This is especially useful in countries with unstable financial systems or where the population lacks easy access to banking services. This financial autonomy can bother traditional institutions that are used to controlling the flow of money. Therefore, we sometimes see criticism of cryptocurrencies from these institutions, which may try to link them to criminal activities to discredit them. Myths and Realities It’s a myth to say that cryptocurrencies are mainly used for crimes. The reality is that they are primarily used for legal and legitimate purposes. People around the world invest in cryptocurrencies, use them for online shopping, send money to family in other countries, and even protect their savings from inflation. Conclusion: Are Cryptocurrencies Really the Villains? The evidence shows that cryptocurrencies are not the villains some believe them to be. On the contrary, they offer a safe, transparent, and efficient way to conduct financial transactions. While traditional money continues to be the main means used in criminal activities, the illicit use of cryptocurrencies remains a small exception. If you have doubts about the reliability of cryptocurrencies, remember that the technology behind them is designed to be safe and transparent. With current data and information, it’s clear that cryptocurrencies are closer to being a solution for financial problems than a cause. And You, What Do You Think? Are cryptocurrencies being unfairly accused? Share your opinion and join the discussion!

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

I thought it would be fun...    Here the source png, in case anyone want to play around and submit few more  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/747190

@ b98139a6:eb269255

In reference to [Stephen Livera's Bitcoin Won't Let You Transcend Politics](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/politics/bitcoin-wont-let-you-transcend-politics). I also want to cite to other excellent discussions on SN, such as [Bitcoin is Political](https://stacker.news/items/167917) and [Bitcoin is a political tool](https://stacker.news/items/627008). I believe that the idea that we can transcend politics to be naive, if not outright deceptive. To say that we bitcoiners should keep our distance from politics misunderstands both the nature of Bitcoin and the nature of politics itself. Politics, in its essence, is not merely the province of governments and voting booths; it is the synthesis of everything uniquely human: rationality, aggression, diplomacy, calculation, violence, intelligence, duplicity, language, and everything else that drives human interaction. While many bitcoiners see politics through a lord/serf lens, that is just one expression of it (admittedly one which has been dominant for most civilizations throughout history). Politics is not a machine that we can avoid; it is the language we speak, the strategy we wield, and the consequences we live. The concept of escape it is a comforting myth, held by those who fail to recognize its pervasive influence or, more troublingly, by those who hope to wield it uncontested against those who claim exemption. And furthermore, Bitcoin itself is not just embedded within the landscape of political expressions; I believe it is a crystallization of it. Every feature of Bitcoin -- its protocol, its cryptographic fortifications, its consensus mechanisms -- reflects a calculated assertion of power and autonomy. Bitcoin’s cryptographic robustness is rationality made tangible; its proof-of-work is a bold display of aggression against the unchecked excesses of the fiat empire; its consensus protocol is diplomacy enacted through decentralized consensus. Even the pseudonymity of Satoshi Nakamoto is a political act, harkening back to The Federalist Papers and revealing again how anonymity can protect revolutionary ideas. Each aspect of Bitcoin represents defiance toward centralized systems, a rallying cry for autonomy, and a meticulously calculated plan for reshaping power. Yet, Bitcoin’s political essence goes deeper. Its very presence on the world stage is a strategic move to alter the rules of engagement, forcing a recalibration of political powers on a global scale. Bitcoin challenges and refines political expression by limiting certain forms of control -- censorship, seizure, or inflation manipulation -- while expanding others, like financial self-sovereignty, borderless transactions, and uncensorable asset ownership. In this way, Bitcoin isn't some outside force which tolerates or coexists alongside the political sphere; it reshapes it from within. As long as humans desire autonomy, stability, and freedom, Bitcoin will remain relevant because it speaks to those desires through actions, not words. Bitcoin isn’t an escape from politics but a tool for reshaping it. Every transaction is an assertion of self-sovereignty, every mined block a testament to decentralization’s resilience. It reveals that political power does not always need a centralized authority; sometimes, it resides within a protocol, a network, a language, and a community willing to hold the line. Bitcoin has built a political structure of its own, one in which rules are enforced not by force but by consensus, not by coercion but by code. Far from being passive bystanders, Bitcoin and bitcoiners are active participants in the political sphere, and carry with them a message that is as bold and relentless as its protocol: the future of power belongs to those who claim it, secure it, and hold it in trust for the individuals it empowers -- and it is now our turn to take the lead. Livera references the statement "you may not be interested in politics, *but politics is interested in you.*" Clausewitz famously commented that “war is not merely a political act but a real political instrument, a continuation of political intercourse, a carrying out of the same by other means.” Bitcoiners like to point out that "Bitcoin doesn't care what you think." These statements all describe aspects of a unitary process which emerges from human nature. Bitcoiners must engage with the traditional political machine. Both to protect and extend Bitcoin itself, and to ensure the most positive synthesis of the two systems. Because Bitcoin is itself just politics by another means. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/746844

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

[Part 1](https://stacker.news/items/735219)|[Part 2](https://stacker.news/items/736674)|[Part 3](https://stacker.news/items/738294)|[Part 4](https://stacker.news/items/739692)|[Part 5](https://stacker.news/items/743142)| [Part 6](https://stacker.news/items/744965) ----- This period is marked by the permanent burial of Monothelitism and the emergence of new threats to the Papacy. As Byzantium begins to lose control over Rome, the emperors play their last cards to continue pursuing the Caesaro-papism they so coveted. The Arabs start becoming a serious threat to Europe, and Christianity must rebound. Byzantium has no intention of helping unless the popes intercede on its behalf.  ---- #### 79. Agatho [678-681] Patron saint of Palermo, the city of his birth. This Pope swiftly dealt with the Monothelites[^1] and Monoenergists, condemning them at the Council of Constantinople (681) and confirming the stance established by Martin [74] on the matter. Due to irregularities in England, another council was convened in Rome (679) to address alleged unjust depositions and ordinations, resulting in victory for Saint Wilfrid. #### 80. Leo II [682-683] As soon as his predecessor passed away, he closed the Council of Constantinople and, before doing so, condemned Honorius [70] for his lukewarm and complicit stance on the Monothelites. Recall that Honorius had declared the Monothelites heretics but had done so with reluctance, aiming to avoid conflict with the Emperor. Leo II also put an end to the Archbishopric of Ravenna and resolved the issue that no bishop could be consecrated without papal authorization. #### 81. Benedict II [684-685] His consecration was delayed an entire year awaiting imperial approval. During this period, the documents from the Council of Constantinople were published, and many bishops rejected them as heretical. Julian of Toledo challenged the new pope, who had Monothelite sympathies, prompting the Pope to require bishops to swear obedience to the council's decisions. #### 82. John V [685-686] Oriental Pope 1/9. Agatho’s representative at the Council of Constantinople. He oversaw the ecclesial situation in the churches of Africa and the Levant, which were being persecuted by Arab troops. #### 83. Conon [686-687] Oriental Pope 2/9. Held office for only 20 days and reportedly died of poisoning. #### 84. Sergius I [687-701] Oriental Pope 3/9. Of Syrian descent and a learned man who craved power. He allegedly bribed the Exarch of Ravenna to approve his confirmation. During his papacy, the Quinisext Council was convened, resulting in 102 canons. Although approved by papal apocrisiaries, the Pope rejected it, as six of its canons directly contradicted Roman law. Ferdinand Gregorovius described him as decisive against Byzantium, as the Italian populace and soldiers grew weary of orders from there. He acknowledged the value of monasticism by appointing Willibrord, a Saxon monk, highlighting monasticism’s role as an entryway to Christianity in many regions. He established the Feast of Candlemas and the Annunciation and introduced the *Agnus Dei*. #### 85. John VI [701-705] Oriental Pope 4/9. Tried to harmonize relations with the Byzantines. #### 86. John VII [705-707] Oriental Pope 5/9. Rebuilt the Monastery of Saint Benedict, which had been destroyed by the Arabs. #### 87. Sisinnius [708] Oriental Pope 6/9. Assumed office while ill and died after 20 days. #### 88. Constantine [708-715] Oriental Pope 7/9. The last Pope to travel to Constantinople (710-711) to resolve disputes from the Quinisext Council[^2]. Emperor Justinian II faced off against Philippicus Bardanes, who assassinated the Emperor and seized power. The Pope refused to recognize the new Emperor, who in turn reverted to Monothelitism. Significantly, Bardanes’ actions indicated that, for the first time in history, an Emperor sought papal confirmation. #### 89. Gregory II [715-731] Oriental Pope 8/9. From a noble family and a papal secretary before his ascension, he tasked Boniface the Saxon with evangelizing Germany, achieving remarkable success in a short time. Boniface would later be promoted to archbishop in 737. Gregory II opposed Leo III the Isaurian on the issue of iconoclasm[^3]. The Emperor ordered the Pope to destroy images, which the Pope disregarded, asserting that the Emperor had no authority over matters of faith. The Emperor sent the Exarch of Ravenna to enforce this, but Italy revolted against Byzantium with protests and riots. The Pope initiated talks with Charles Martel, who, reluctant to confront the Exarch, sought aid from Liutprand, King of the Lombards, who eventually conquered Ravenna. #### 90. Gregory III [731-741] Oriental Pope 9/9. The last Pope to seek approval from Byzantium, he directly confronted both the Iconoclasts and the Lombards, who had invaded Ravenna. Following the victory at Poitiers (732), which halted the Arab advance into Europe, the Pope offered Charles Martel the title of Consul of Rome. In theological matters, he instituted All Saints’ Day on November 1. Notably, he was the last non-European Pope until 2013. ---- With this Pope, the focus gradually shifted from Byzantium to Europe, where Italians, Franks, and Germans would ultimately contend with the Pope for European power in both theological and administrative matters. But that is for another chapter. [^1]: Monothelitism is a doctrine developed by Sergius of Constantinople, asserting that Christ has two natures, human and divine, united by a single will. It was an attempt to reconcile Trinitarian Christians and Monophysites, but it struggled to express this union satisfactorily since Monophysites largely rejected the human nature of Christ. It was condemned as heresy at the Council of Constantinople (680-681). [^2]: The Quinisext Council was convened by Justinian II to review the Second and Third Councils of Constantinople. It issued 102 canons, including prohibitions on priests consulting Jewish doctors and using public baths (Canon 11), bans on marrying prostitutes, actresses, or slaves for those entering the priesthood, a prohibition on eating cheese during Lent (Canon 61), and forbidding the term *Lamb of God* for Jesus. It is considered one of the most unnecessary councils in history, even labeled *synodus erratica*. [^3]: Iconoclasm is the rejection of religious images. Leo III ordered the destruction of representations of Jesus, Mary, and the saints, arguing that image veneration constituted idolatry. He believed that depicting living beings was blasphemous against salvation. Subsequent popes defended medieval art, emphasizing that its portrayal aligns with God’s word and that the representations are not imaginary but are reflections of divine truth. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/746621

@ 4c48cf05:07f52b80

> I believe that five years from now, access to artificial intelligence will be akin to what access to the Internet represents today. It will be the greatest differentiator between the haves and have nots. Unequal access to artificial intelligence will exacerbate societal inequalities and limit opportunities for those without access to it. Back in April, the AI Index Steering Committee at the Institute for Human-Centered AI from Stanford University released [The AI Index 2024 Annual Report](https://aiindex.stanford.edu/report/). Out of the extensive report (502 pages), I chose to focus on the chapter dedicated to Public Opinion. People involved with AI live in a bubble. We all know and understand AI and therefore assume that everyone else does. But, is that really the case once you step out of your regular circles in Seattle or Silicon Valley and hit Main Street? # Two thirds of global respondents have a good understanding of what AI is The exact number is 67%. My gut feeling is that this number is way too high to be realistic. At the same time, 63% of respondents are aware of ChatGPT so maybe people are confounding AI with ChatGPT? If so, there is so much more that they won't see coming. This number is important because you need to see every other questions and response of the survey through the lens of a respondent who believes to have a good understanding of what AI is. # A majority are nervous about AI products and services 52% of global respondents are nervous about products and services that use AI. Leading the pack are Australians at 69% and the least worried are Japanise at 23%. U.S.A. is up there at the top at 63%. Japan is truly an outlier, with most countries moving between 40% and 60%. # Personal data is the clear victim Exaclty half of the respondents believe that AI companies will protect their personal data. And the other half believes they won't. # Expected benefits Again a majority of people (57%) think that it will change how they do their jobs. As for impact on your life, top hitters are getting things done faster (54%) and more entertainment options (51%). The last one is a head scratcher for me. Are people looking forward to AI generated movies?  # Concerns Remember the 57% that thought that AI will change how they do their jobs? Well, it looks like 37% of them expect to lose it. Whether or not this is what will happen, that is a very high number of people who have a direct incentive to oppose AI. Other key concerns include: - Misuse for nefarious purposes: 49% - Violation of citizens' privacy: 45% # Conclusion This is the first time I come across this report and I wil make sure to follow future annual reports to see how these trends evolve. **Overall, people are worried about AI. There are many things that could go wrong and people perceive that both jobs and privacy are on the line.** --- Full citation: *Nestor Maslej, Loredana Fattorini, Raymond Perrault, Vanessa Parli, Anka Reuel, Erik Brynjolfsson, John Etchemendy, Katrina Ligett, Terah Lyons, James Manyika, Juan Carlos Niebles, Yoav Shoham, Russell Wald, and Jack Clark, “The AI Index 2024 Annual Report,” AI Index Steering Committee, Institute for Human-Centered AI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, April 2024.* The AI Index 2024 Annual Report by Stanford University is licensed under [Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/?ref=chooser-v1).

@ dca6e1cc:ea7d1750

Wandering w/ Purpose is a journalistic investigation into Africa; sharing stories on personal, poetic, and observational findings. Bitcoin, in the African context, is researched, discussed, and invested into grassroots initiatives along the way. The Wandering w/ Purpose journey is documented via a free Substack newsletter publication, and on Stacker News. Subscribers enjoy the latest highlights and commentary, and are the first to receive updates on our current and upcoming projects. ## Links To support us, [have a look at our geyser fund.](https://geyser.fund/project/wanderingwpurpose) [Become a free subscriber to Wandering w/ Purpose](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/) [Wandering w/ Purpose on Stacker News](https://stacker.news/gpvansat/posts) Bitcoin contributions to Wandering w/ Purpose serve to sustain our journey and fund our Bitcoin-related projects. Thus far, our projects include [Bitcoin Nakawa](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/s/bitcoin-nakawa), a Bitcoin circular economy initiative, and the [Afrika Ascending Podcast](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/s/afrika-ascending), a collection of interviews with inspiring individuals we meet on our way. For a Bitcoin contribution equivalent to USD $49.99, [we offer a 1-year Afrika Ascending membership](https://geyser.fund/project/wanderingwpurpose/rewards) to accompany your free experience with Wandering w/ Purpose. ## Where to start We recommend starting with our original announcements of our journey through Africa: Substack: [A solo moto journey through Africa](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/a-solo-moto-journey-through-africa) Stacker News: [A bitcoin journey through Africa](https://stacker.news/items/24587) Popular posts: Substack: [How African Mythology Taught Me to Think Differently](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/how-african-mythology-taught-me-to) [Self-reflection amongst Africa's Smoke and Mirrors](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/self-reflection-amongst-africas-smoke) [Nakawa - "The cow whose milk never ends"](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/nakawa-the-cow-whose-milk-never-ends) Stacker News: [Wandering w/ Purpose: An interview with a Bitcoin merchant in Mozambique](https://stacker.news/items/734012) [A bitcoin journey through Africa: Outlining adoption for each country visited](https://stacker.news/items/698518) Wandering w/ Purpose is ultimately an initiative to study African issues, document Bitcoin adoption on the continent, and propagate prosperity with our projects. Join our community as we test the hypothesis that Bitcoin will bring major change to Africa. #### About the Author Gerrit is a technology/travel writer and entrepreneur documenting his investigation into digital nomadism, rural economic development, and lasting change. Wander with him and feel inspired. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/745821

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

**Amber** [Amber](https://github.com/greenart7c3/Amber) is a Nostr event signer for Android that allows users to securely segregate their private key (nsec) within a single, dedicated application. Designed to function as a NIP-46 signing device, Amber ensures your smartphone can sign events without needing external servers or additional hardware, keeping your private key exposure to an absolute minimum. This approach aligns with the security rationale of NIP-46, which states that each additional system handling private keys increases potential vulnerability. With Amber, no longer do users need to enter their private key into various Nostr applications. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/b42b649a16b8f51b48f482e304135ad325ec89386b5614433334431985d4d60d.jpg"> Amber is supported by a growing list of apps, including [Amethyst](https://www.amethyst.social/), [0xChat](https://0xchat.com/#/), [Voyage](https://github.com/dluvian/voyage), [Fountain](https://fountain.fm/), and [Pokey](https://github.com/KoalaSat/pokey), as well as any web application that supports NIP-46 NSEC bunkers, such as [Nostr Nests](https://nostrnests.com), [Coracle](https://coracle.social), [Nostrudel](https://nostrudel.ninja), and more. With expanding support, Amber provides an easy solution for secure Nostr key management across numerous platforms. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/5b5d4fb9925fabb0005eafa291c47c33778840438438679dfad5662a00644c90.jpg"> Amber supports both native and web-based Nostr applications, aiming to eliminate the need for browser extensions or web servers. Key features include offline signing, multiple account support, and NIP-46 compatibility, and includes a simple UI for granular permissions management. Amber is designed to support signing events in the background, enhancing flexibility when you select the "remember my choice" option, eliminating the need to constantly be signing events for applications that you trust. You can download the app from it's [GitHub](https://github.com/greenart7c3/Amber) page, via [Obtainium ](https://github.com/ImranR98/Obtainium)or Zap.store. To log in with Amber, simply tap the "Login with Amber" button or icon in a supported application, or you can paste the NSEC bunker connection string directly into the login box. For example, use a connection string like this: bunker://npub1tj2dmc4udvgafxxxxxxxrtgne8j8l6rgrnaykzc8sys9mzfcz@relay.nsecbunker.com. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/ca2156bfa084ee16dceea0739e671dd65c5f8d92d0688e6e59cc97faac199c3b.jpg"> --- **Citrine** [Citrine](https://github.com/greenart7c3/Citrine) is a Nostr relay built specifically for Android, allowing Nostr clients on Android devices to seamlessly send and receive events through a relay running directly on their smartphone. This mobile relay setup offers Nostr users enhanced flexibility, enabling them to manage, share, and back up all their Nostr data locally on their device. Citrine’s design supports independence and data security by keeping data accessible and under user control. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/46bbc10ca2efb3ca430fcb07ec3fe6629efd7e065ac9740d6079e62296e39273.jpg"> With features tailored to give users greater command over their data, Citrine allows easy export and import of the database, restoration of contact lists in case of client malfunctions, and detailed relay management options like port configuration, custom icons, user management, and on-demand relay start/stop. Users can even activate TOR access, letting others connect securely to their Nostr relay directly on their phone. Future updates will include automatic broadcasting when the device reconnects to the internet, along with content resolver support to expand its functionality. Once you have your Citrine relay fully configured, simply add it to the Private and Local relay sections in Amethyst's relay configuration. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/6ea01b68009b291770d5b11314ccb3d7ba05fe25cb783e6e1ea977bb21d55c09.jpg"> --- **Pokey** [Pokey](https://github.com/KoalaSat/pokey) for Android is a brand new, real-time notification tool for Nostr. Pokey allows users to receive live updates for their Nostr events and enabling other apps to access and interact with them. Designed for seamless integration within a user's Nostr relays, Pokey lets users stay informed of activity as it happens, with speed and the flexibility to manage which events trigger notifications on their mobile device. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/62ec76cc36254176e63f97f646a33e2c7abd32e14226351fa0dd8684177b50a2.jpg"> Pokey currently supports connections with Amber, offering granular notification settings so users can tailor alerts to their preferences. Planned features include broadcasting events to other apps, authenticating to relays, built-in Tor support, multi-account handling, and InBox relay management. These upcoming additions aim to make Pokey a fantastic tool for Nostr notifications across the ecosystem. --- **Zap.store** [Zap.store](https://github.com/zapstore/zapstore/) is a permissionless app store powered by Nostr and your trusted social graph. Built to offer a decentralized approach to app recommendations, zap.store enables you to check if friends like Alice follow, endorse, or verify an app’s SHA256 hash. This trust-based, social proof model brings app discovery closer to real-world recommendations from friends and family, bypassing centralized app curation. Unlike conventional app stores and other third party app store solutions like Obtainium, zap.store empowers users to see which apps their contacts actively interact with, providing a higher level of confidence and transparency. <img src="https://cdn.satellite.earth/fd162229a404b317306916ae9f320a7280682431e933795f708d480e15affa23.jpg"> Currently available on Android, zap.store aims to expand to desktop, PWAs, and other platforms soon. You can get started by installing [Zap.store](https://github.com/zapstore/zapstore/) on your favorite Android device, and install all of the applications mentioned above. --- Android's openness goes hand in hand with Nostr's openness. Enjoy exploring both expanding ecosystems.

@ 000002de:c05780a7

The other day someone was discussing the election with me and I explained to them why I don't participate. They were polite but were visibly annoyed and alluded to civic duty. It made me wonder. How many people that vote really believe the election will improve the world they live in? People are the more vocally divided (being very precise here) than at any point in my lifetime. No matter who wins this will continue to be the case. The thing is, this shouldn't surprise anyone. The current US politician machine is powered by demagogues that have no new ideas. They simply want to strike fear in the public and drive them to vote in defense against an enemy that is constructed by their rhetoric. One side calls the other Nazi/Fascist. The other calls their opponents Communists. They are both lying. Both sides are simply a collection of differing socialist policies. They are more alike than different. Both have points about the other side though. Both are deeply flawed. There are deep divisions in how things should be done. There have been for my entire life. But until the growth of social media and the natural rise of politicians and pundits to capitalize on it, the divisions were no so apparent. We have many different cultures in the US. Its a massive country full of people from different cultures, many either immigrants or dependence of immigrants. Some are deeply religious. So much so that their faith is the center of their life and out of that comes all of their world views. Others are deeply anti-religion to a point that being anti-god is their religion. On top of this, the US is so large that regions of the country have very different cultures. The features of these regions often influence the culture. They often attract people that mesh with their culture. These features seem to be ignored by most people. They are not ignored by politicians. They are used to gain attention and votes. These slime balls don't propose solutions. They propose the use of force violence to force a very specific culture upon the whole of the nation. Both sides present themselves as virtuous. Neither side seems to be capable of humility. Which is why this is so disastrous. In any other situation an arbiter would seek to find a compromise that is acceptable to all parties. Instead what we have is a drive for control so that this power can be wielded to make the world into the image the victor desires. This will not work. Cultures can be influenced but they can't be made by force. People resist. This seems so clear to me. Those that are the loudest seem to not care at all about anything other than winning. But they define winning as winning an election. I don't see how the election reduces any division or heals any wounds. The nation (people) are divided. Many hate the other side. People they do not even know... We often share space with people at work, concerts, sporting events, and restaurants. Many of these people we disagree with on politics. Why doesn't this break out in violence? Because most of the time. 99% of the it doesn't matter. No one is threatening violence or really even caring what you think about some unrelated topic. If we could just leave each other alone for a few years. Get to know our neighbors. Start to try to improve ourselves and our communities without using force. Maybe we could see that this whole thing people are so worked up about is stupid. Maybe then we could talk like adults about tough problems and disagreements. Maybe if we listened instead of blasting we could find common ground. Maybe if we turned off the propaganda for a while and instead of placing hope in politicians and democracy we could focus on what we share in common. Our humanity. I just don't see this happening yet. It seems to me that people are being give false visions of their neighbors. Hatred is being stirred up instead of directed at the political class as a whole. Who profits off of this division? Politicians and the media. I suspect in the coming weeks following the election we will see violence. It is entirely possible we will see civil war. Not like the "Civil War" which was really a war between states. I doubt the state of Texas or California will declare war on the USA. A true civil war is fought in the streets by different factions. The populace is fed up about being ignored or abused and it turns to open violence. This outcome seems inevitable on our current path. Voting isn't going to fix it. Getting rid of Trump isn't going to fix it(He's old anyway). Getting rid of the democrats isn't going to fix it. Passing some law isn't going to fix it. As I see it we have two paths. 1. Civil war 2. At least some states away from the US. The first will likely result in the second. The second could occur with little violence. That is what I hope happens. The only way I see avoiding either of these is if the masses reject the political violence that seems to be the focus of the media and politicians. Agree to disagree. The American people have no gripe with the people in France. We are very different. They decide what they want and we do the same. I don't get why this is so hard for people to see in the US. California is a long way from Maine. Why should we all be forced to live under the same rule? The culture of Portland is very different from rural Oregon. Why is it just for those in the city to decide how those in the rural areas live? We in bitcoin circles talk about these things but rarely do I ever hear anything close to this in my normie circles. That's gonna change. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/745405

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

- [Review part 1 here](https://stacker.news/items/735219) - [Review part 2 here](https://stacker.news/items/736674) - [Review part 3 here](https://stacker.news/items/738294) - [Review part 4 here](https://stacker.news/items/739692) - [Review part 5 here](https://stacker.news/items/743142) -------- This was a very challenging period for the Popes, who not only had to protect themselves but also had to face emperors who wanted to intervene directly in matters of faith, even if it meant controlling the entire Papacy. The Popes, of course, turned the other cheek and managed to handle the situation... it seems.  ------ #### **64. Gregory the Great [590-604]** Like Leo the Great, this is another gigaChad of the Church. He is considered one of the four Fathers of the Church, along with St. Augustine, St. Ambrose, and Jerome of Stridon. Doctor of the Church. He was nicknamed "Consul of God" and was the first monk to become Pope. He served as apocrisiarius of Pope Pelagius in Constantinople, where he developed relations with both Emperor Maurice and his family, as well as the Eastern Church. Continuing the work of evangelization, he sent Augustine of Canterbury north, into Anglo-Saxon territory, establishing the Archbishopric of Canterbury. When consulted about Augustine’s actions with the pagans, the Pope told him, *do not destroy them, but cleanse them,* indicating that the sanctuaries should be dedicated to God. He achieved religious unity in Italy when the Arian Lombards converted. After King Reccared of the Visigoths also converted, he faced less pressure and reopened relations between the Visigothic Church and the Church of Rome through Isidore of Seville. This Pope ordered the compilation of the *Regula Pastoralis*, a manual for bishops, which laid the foundation for what would later become *Gregorian Chants*. He wrote many works, and theologically speaking, he dedicated significant time to the doctrine of purgatory[^1] and had clashes with the Patriarch of Constantinople, who declared himself Ecumenical Universal Patriarch, thus claiming supreme authority over the Church. Gregory responded by saying the Pope is *the servant of the servants of God*, reasserting Rome as the supreme ecclesiastical moral authority. He observed as the Patriarchs drifted further from Rome. #### **65. Sabinian [604-606]** Before becoming Pope, he served as the apocrisiarius of the previous Pope in Constantinople and was later assigned the mission to evangelize, unsuccessfully, in Gaul. The role was too much for him, and he was quite the opposite of his predecessor. He sold grain from the ecclesiastical stores using usury. At the time of his death, his body had to be transported through impassable streets to avoid being lynched. #### **66. Boniface III [607]** Apocrisiarius of Gregory [64], he reigned for only nine months. He convened a synod, but it did not yield good results. His most important contribution was prohibiting any discussion about papal succession under penalty of excommunication. #### **67. Boniface IV [608-615]** A deacon under Gregory [64], he converted the Roman Pantheon into the Church of Saint Mary of the Martyrs. He faced Byzantium over control of political interests. Columbanus, abbot of Bobbio, requested the Pope to serve as an instrument of unity. #### **68. Adeodatus I [615-618]** He promoted monastic life, following the example of Gregory the Great [64]; this Pope began issuing documents known as *bulls*. #### **69. Boniface V [619-625]** He focused on reorganizing the Church, though he could not complete his work, but he did establish Roman rites. During this time, Emperor Heraclius forbade Popes from being confirmed without imperial authorization, which had to be done by the Exarch of Ravenna, where the imperial representative resided. #### **70. Honorius I [625-638]** From a noble family, this Pope dedicated himself to combating monothelitism[^2], written by Heraclius himself in his work *Ecthesis*. The patriarchs in Constantinople viewed this doctrine as a theological compromise, but Rome rejected it in a very mild way, which would prove problematic for future Popes. Abbot Bertulf of Bobbio requested autonomy for monasteries from the Pope, as bishops wanted control over the monasteries, which was technically correct but created terrible coordination. A small detail: the prophet Muhammad died in 632. #### **71. Severinus [640]** There was a one year and seven months’ vacancy without a Pope because Emperor Heraclius refused to confirm the new Pope until he accepted *Ecthesis*. The Church’s response was to freeze funds intended to pay Isaac's troops, the Exarch of Ravenna, who, in retaliation, invaded Rome and looted Church treasures. He reigned for less than 100 days and refused to endorse the Emperor's work. #### **72. John IV [640-642]** Following tradition, he also rejected *Ecthesis*. He used Church resources to free slaves in his region, Dalmatia. #### **73. Theodore [642-649]** Appointed Cardinal by his predecessor, he faced pressure to confirm *Ecthesis* but rejected it, even though the Exarch of Ravenna had been responsible for his appointment. This cost him a conflict with Theodore, who ordered the looting of Roman altars. #### **74. Martin I [649-655]** Consecrated without imperial approval, Constantinople's Emperor Constans II regarded him as an usurper and ordered the Exarch of Ravenna to arrest the “usurper.” He convened the Lateran Synod, condemning monothelitism, *Ecthesis*, and *Typos*, works of Constans II. This was a significant blow to the Emperor's cesaropapist intentions. The Exarch had him arrested, and in Constantinople, he was tried as an enemy of the State and tortured to death. #### **75. Eugene [655-657]** While Martin I was imprisoned, the Emperor appointed a new Pope to accept the works and undo the synod. This Pope not only did not accept the works and confirmed the heresies but also stood up to the Emperor. #### **76. Vitalian [657-672]** He attempted to rebuild relations with Byzantium, though unsuccessfully, as monothelitism was at its height. In 663, he received Constans II, who sacked Rome for 12 days. He was the first emperor to return to Rome in two centuries. The Anglo-Saxon Church was divided between Saxon evangelizers and Roman missionaries. At the Synod of Whitby (664), it was agreed to use Roman rites for Masses thanks to the intervention of King Oswiu of Northumbria. #### **77. Adeodatus II [672-676]** A monk before becoming Pope, he was the first to use *Salutem et apostolicam benedictionem* in his documents. He tried to reconcile with the Emperor but rejected letters from Patriarch Constantine. To protect himself and avoid further looting, he increased the pay of Roman nobles. #### **78. Donus [676-678]** To resolve monothelitism, the Pope and Emperor Constantine IV held a conference to settle ideas. He encouraged bishops in Germany and Cambridge to establish schools in their dioceses. He also began improving relations with the Emperor, foreseeing the emergence of Arabs who seized the Churches of Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria. ------ Subsequent Popes would eventually settle the monothelite controversy in the face of a new enemy: the followers of the prophet Muhammad. This will be in a future chapter. [^1]: The concept of purgatory was unknown until the 7th century; until the appearance of *Dialogues* by Pope Gregory, it was believed that the deceased resided in the shadows and remained in a temporary transition until the final judgment. Only martyrs and saints were exempt from this place. Gregory developed the foundations of what we now know as purgatory, a place where you face your first judgment and remain to atone for your sins in order to purify yourself to be in the presence of the Holy Spirit. [^2]: Monothelitism is a doctrine developed by Sergius of Constantinople that affirms Christ has two natures, human and divine, through a single will. It was an attempt to unite Trinitarian and Monophysite Christians, but it struggled to convey that idea since Monophysites did not fully accept Christ's human aspect. It was condemned as heresy at the Council of Constantinople (680-681). originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/744965

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I'm going to pull the trigger on a home miner this winter. I want a simple setup to start with. I'm happy to get waste heat from the device, but I don't want a lot of noise. The two options I'm looking at are Heatbit and Bitaxe. Heatbit is much more expensive, but it also functions as an air purifier, which we can also use in the winter. I'd love to hear what stackers know about these two products, or if there's something else I should be looking at. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/744041

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

# How to set up a Bitcoin and Lightning node with Umbrel [Japanese w/ ENG Subtitles] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i41A6IFXK10 by [@My Lightning Network Journey](https://www.youtube.com/@mylightningnetworkjourney9841/) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743850

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

Time to brush off the spurs and saddle up for a ride into the exciting ad-ventures ahead! What innovative goods or services are y'all bringin' on the wagon this week? Take some pics and start posting your items, sell stuff for sats! - - - [[⚖️ SELL]](https://w3.do/b_v2wutP) - [[🛒 BUY]](https://w3.do/zvixtuSh) - [[🧑‍💻 HIRE]](https://w3.do/_j0kpVsi) - [[🖇 OFFER]](https://w3.do/EfWF8yDL) - [[🧑‍⚖️ AUCTION]](https://w3.do/sbbCjZ0e) - [[🤝 SWAP]](https://t.ly/DgeHr) - [[🆓 FREE]](https://w3.do/DdVEE1ME) - [[⭐ REVIEW]](https://w3.do/CAZ5JxCk) - - - **Stay humble, stack sats!** originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743788

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iR7WnUYGST4 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743780

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

We've hit the part of the season where all hope has been lost. Usually, the Raiders do a better job of stringing us along, but this year they ripped the band-aid off quickly. Looking ahead to the draft, we're currently slated to pick 7th and have a desperate need at QB. Mock Draft Results: - 7th Pick: QB Jalen Milroe - 38th Pick: OT Aireontae Ersery - 69th Pick (nice): LB Danny Stutsman - 72nd Pick: WR Evan Stewart - 105th Pick: OG Jared Wilson - 141st Pick: DE Anto Saka - 184th Pick: RB Devin Neal - 212th Pick: CB Cobee Bryant - 214th Pick: S Jaylen Reed - 223rd Pick: DT Rylie Mills The defense is pretty solid and might be getting Koonce back at DE next year, so I focused heavily on accumulating talent for our next coaching staff to work with. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743584

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

**Manifesto Stancap (Stalinismo Anarco-Capitalista):** *Por um Futuro de Controle Absoluto e Liberdade Ilimitada* Saudações, camaradas e consumidores! Hoje, convocamos todos a marchar com orgulho rumo à mais avançada utopia jamais concebida pelo pensamento humano (e nem tão humano assim): o Stancap, a síntese perfeita entre a mão invisível do mercado e o punho de ferro do Estado. --- **1. Liberdade Total sob o Controle Absoluto** Aqui, a liberdade é garantida. Você é livre para fazer o que quiser, pensar o que quiser, mas lembre-se: *nós estaremos observando* — por uma taxa de assinatura mensal, é claro. O governo será privatizado e administrado por CEOs visionários que entendem que os lucros mais seguros vêm da ordem e do controle. Sim, camarada, a ordem é o que nos liberta! **2. Empresas Estatais e Governo Privado para o Progresso Econômico** Todas as empresas serão estatizadas. Afinal, queremos um mercado forte e estável, e nada diz "eficiência" como uma gestão estatal unificada sob nosso Grande Conselho Corporativo. E para garantir o controle absoluto e a segurança dos cidadãos, o governo também será privatizado, operando sob princípios empresariais e contratos de eficiência. Nosso governo privado, liderado por CEOs que representam o mais alto nível de comprometimento e lucros, estará alinhado com o progresso e a ordem. Suas preferências de consumo serão registradas, analisadas e programadas para otimizar sua experiência como cidadão-produto. Cada compra será um voto de confiança, e qualquer recusa será gentilmente "corrigida". **3. Liberdade de Expressão Absoluta (com Moderação, Claro)** A liberdade de expressão é sagrada. Fale o que quiser, onde quiser, para quem quiser! *Mas cuidado com o que você diz.* Para garantir a pureza de nossas ideias e manter a paz, qualquer expressão que se desvie de nosso ideal será gentilmente convidada a uma estadia em um de nossos premiados *Gulags Privados™*. Neles, você terá a oportunidade de refletir profundamente sobre suas escolhas, com todo o conforto que um regime totalitário pode proporcionar. **4. A Ditadura da Liberdade** Dizemos sem ironia: *a única verdadeira liberdade é aquela garantida pela ditadura.* Com nossa liderança incontestável, asseguramos que todos terão a liberdade de escolher aquilo que é certo — que por sorte é exatamente o que determinamos como certo. Assim, a felicidade e a paz florescerão sob a luz da obediência. **5. Impostos (ou Dividends, como Preferimos Chamar)** Sob nosso sistema, impostos serão substituídos por "dividends". Você não será mais tributado; você estará "investindo" na sua própria liberdade. Cada centavo vai para reforçar o poder que nos mantém unidos, fortes e livres (de escolher de novo). **6. Propriedade Privada Coletiva** A propriedade é um direito absoluto. Mas para garantir seu direito, coletivizaremos todas as propriedades, deixando cada cidadão como "co-proprietário" sob nosso regime de proteção. Afinal, quem precisa de títulos de posse quando se tem a confiança do Estado? **7. Nosso Lema: "Matou Foi Pouco"** Em nossa sociedade ideal, temos um compromisso firme com a disciplina e a ordem. Se alguém questiona o bem maior que estabelecemos, lembremos todos do lema que norteia nossos valores: *matou foi pouco!* Aqui, não toleramos meias-medidas. Quando se trata de proteger nosso futuro perfeito, sempre podemos fazer mais — afinal, só o rigor garante que a liberdade seja plena e inquestionável. --- **Junte-se a Nós!** Levante-se, consumidor revolucionário! Sob a bandeira do Stancap, você será livre para obedecer, livre para consumir e livre para estar do lado certo da história. Nossa liberdade, nossa obediência, e nossa prosperidade são uma só. Porque afinal, *nada diz liberdade como um Gulag Privado™!*

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Here are today's picks using my proprietary betting strategy at [Freebitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722). For details about what Risk Balanced Odds Arbitrage is and why it works see https://stacker.news/items/342765/r/Undisciplined. For a hypothetical 1k wager on each match, distribute your sats as follows: | Outcome 1 | Outcome 2 | Outcome 3 | Bet 1 | Bet 2 | Bet 3 | |--------------|-------------|--------------|-------|-------|-------| | Real Sociedad | Barcelona | Draw | 240 | 510 | 250 | | Real Madrid| Osasuna| Draw | 840| 50| 110| | Mallorca| Atletico Madrid| Draw | 250| 450| 300| | Leganes| Sevilla| Draw | 340| 350| 310| | Chelsea| Arsenal| Draw | 350| 390| 360| | Man United| Leicester City| Draw | 730| 110| 160| | Nottingham Forest| Newcastle| Draw | 360| 370| 270| | Tottenham| Ipswich| Draw | 750| 100| 150 | | Liverpool| Aston Villa| Draw | 680| 150 | 170| | Brighton| Man City| Draw | 190| 600| 210 | | VfL Bochum| Leverkusen| Draw | 120| 730| 150| | RB Leipzig| Monchengladbach| Draw | 660| 160| 180| | Mainz| Dortmund| Draw | 300| 450| 250| | FC St. Pauli| FC Bayern| Draw | 80| 770| 150| As of writing this, I'm up a little over 80 kilosats with RBOA. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743312

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

Check previous Popes: - [Part I](https://stacker.news/items/735219) - [Part II](https://stacker.news/items/736674) - [Part III](https://stacker.news/items/738294) - [Part IV](https://stacker.news/items/739692) ---- The Popes will now pay a very high price: the emperors will seek to influence religious decisions in one way or another through interventions in the elections as well as in the day-to-day religious and political decisions. Heresies are fought, and they also seek political support against papal condemnations, but without any success.  51. **Symmachus [498-514]** Political interference from this election is very strong. Emperor Anastasius of Byzantium intervenes, presenting his candidate, Laurentius (antipope), and attempts to place him in power. With financial support from Theodoric, King of the Ostrogoths, a synod is convened to establish election procedures. Two key points emerge: the Pope cannot choose his future successor, and no human court can judge a Pope, as he can only (and will only) be judged by God. Theologically, he establishes Sundays as the day for Mass. 52. **Hormisdas [514-523]** He commissioned Dionysius Exiguus to reform the existing calendar to have exact numbers of the Christian era. His most prominent role was ending the Acacian schism during Easter of 519[^2]. In the formula for the oath of bishops, the phrase *You are Peter* is introduced as proof of the Roman ecclesiastical hierarchy. 53. **John I [523-526]** A friar who traveled to Constantinople, being the first to do so, to negotiate the cessation of persecutions against the Arians. He was sent by Theodoric, and upon failing his mission, Theodoric accused the Pope of being weak and imprisoned him. He died as a martyr. 54. **Felix IV [526-530]** A Pope imposed by King Theodoric. He founded the Monastery of St. Benedict, which would later produce 24 future Popes. He condemned semipelagianism[^1]. 55. **Boniface II [530-532]** He was chosen by the previous Pope through an edict. The parties decided to respect this. He became the first German Pope thanks to the support of Athalaric, King of the Goths. 56. **John II [533-535]** His birth name was Mercury, but he changed it to John II, becoming the first Pope to do so, which later turned into a tradition. He assumed office on December 31, 532. During a two-month period of electing the Pope, simony (the buying and selling of spiritual goods with worldly means) was rampant. It caused such a scandal that they had to condemn simony by decree. He was pressured to close the gap between the Arians. 57. **Agapetus I [535-536]** He was part of the nobility of the *gens Anicia*. Another faction chose Dioscorus (antipope), but he did not last in office. Agapetus I dedicated himself to combating heresies, focusing on Arianism and the Acoemetae[^3]. 58. **Silverius [536-537]** Son of Pope Hormisdas [52], he was elected with the support of Theodahad, King of the Ostrogoths, but clashed with Theodora, wife of Emperor Justinian I, who favored their candidate, Vigilius, a Monophysite. He was arrested, stripped of his papal garments, and exiled. He was also forced to abdicate. He died of starvation. 59. **Vigilius [537-555]** He was a counselor to Agapetus I [57] and close to Theodora. Once in power, he frequently contradicted himself regarding the position on Monophysitism. He was rejected by the Curia, Theodahad, King of the Ostrogoths, and Theodora, losing credibility. Justinian issued the "Pragmatica Sanctio," granting powers to the Pope under the emperor’s command. 60. **Pelagius I [556-561]** He served as Papal nuncio for Agapetus I [57] in Constantinople. He led a schism to condemn Nestorianism and Monophysitism, which earned him disfavor with the Byzantine court. He commissioned the building of many churches. He had to swear by the Holy Cross that he had nothing to do with the death of his predecessor. 61. **John III [561-574]** Of noble family, he supported the construction of monasteries. Not much data exists due to the Lombard invasion, which eventually shattered Italy's unity. He condemned Priscillianism. 62. **Benedict I [575-579]** Elected after 11 months due to communication delays caused by the Lombard invasion, which made the whole scenario quite negative. He endured famine alongside his people. 63. **Pelagius II [579-590]** His election did not receive imperial authorization due to the Lombard siege. As his first action, he sent Gregory [64] as an envoy to try to break Rome's isolation. In an attempt to weaken the Lombards, he negotiated with the Franks, through their king Childebert II, aiming to have them abandon the Lombards, but this was unsuccessful. He resumed relations with the African Church to attempt to resolve doctrinal differences. He died from a bubonic plague. [^1]: A doctrine stemming from Pelagianism, which holds that the growth of faith is the work of God while the beginning of faith is an act of free will. As man embraces faith through free will, the growth of faith requires a collaboration between man and God and is not automatic. It was condemned as heresy at the Council of Orange (529). [^2]: Due to the condemnation of Acacius, Patriarch of Constantinople, the Church split into a schism from 484 until it ended with Justin I. Acacius advocated for the solely divine nature of Jesus, ignoring his human nature. [^3]: The Acoemetae, meaning literally "the sleepless ones," were Byzantine monks who demanded that while one part of the community sings, the other rests. It was not their practices but their proximity to the Nestorians that led to their condemnation. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743142

@ 188302bb:9052db11

I havent' smoked weed since college, I'm about to turn 50. I started smoking it through a pipe recently, i ordered it from weedmaps, but what I'm wondering is the nug only gives me like 2-3 good hits, and then its dust -- is that normal? I havent' smoked since the 90s. Back when I did smoke in highschool we used to pass the whole thing around a few times. Why am I only getting a few hits? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/743074

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

The new [cashu.space](https://CASHU.space) website is live, proposing a new agnostic and clean design.       How you compare it with the old one?  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/741872

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/741773

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

Let's hear some of your latest Bitcoin purchases, feel free to include links to the shops or merchants you bought from too. If you missed our last thread, [here](https://stacker.news/items/732230/r/AG) are some of the items stackers recently spent their sats on. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/741746

@ 35f3a26c:92ddf231

https://image.nostr.build/7b2ecfacd794b0ad7f97560898aea965ae71681f8deed2c224b4c14b46ddf3da.jpg ##### ***Introduction*** Nowadays, businesses and individuals are adopting Bitcoin as a method of payment. It's no surprise, given the security, speed, and cost-efficiency associated with it, specially using the LN. However, despite the numerous advantages, Bitcoin still faces challenges in terms of privacy, fees, and scalability. ##### ***What is ARK?*** A Layer 2 protocol for Bitcoin designed to solve some of the Bitcoin Network challenges, to improve its efficiency, security and scalability. The protocol aims to enhance the functionality of Bitcoin by addressing its current limitations by using a shared UTXO model that enables ***anonymous***, off-chain payments through an untrusted intermediary called the Ark Service Provider (ASP). ASPs are always-on servers that provide liquidity to the network, similar to how Lightning service providers work but without the time consuming opening and close and balancing of channels. ##### ***Interoperability with the Lighting Network?*** Ark will function as a liquidity network that operates like Lightning, but without introducing liquidity constraints or a direct link between the sender and receiver. It uses virtual UTXOs, to enable ***anonymous***, scalable, off-chain payments. ASPs provide liquidity to the network and charge fees for their services. ARK will address key issues with deploying capital into the Lightning Network providing a layer that settles transactions without the requirement for a specific infrastructure to remain online, as is the case with Lightning, while still providing assurances of the private custody of funds. How: - Ark can interoperate with Lightning by attaching HTLCs (Hashed Timelock Contracts) and PTLCs (Point Time Locked Contracts) to a pool transaction. Attached HTLCs live under another shared UTXO called the HTLCs outputs, which expires after four-weeks. - Ark service providers forward HTLCs to the broader Lightning Network the moment after HTLCs are attached to a pool transaction. This requires Ark service providers to run routing nodes on the Lightning Network with well-established outgoing channels. Ark users can also get paid from Lightning using HTLC-nested vTXOs. Last but not least, the Ark Service Provider will serve not only as a liquidity provider but as a Coin-Join coordinator and a Lightning service provider. ##### ***How does ARK compares with the Lighting Network?*** - https://image.nostr.build/00dba22e23022333d9a767fb015e2d89b7e2e0e5aa73345eaea53bd59c5ecc56.jpg ##### ***Conclusion*** The ARK protocol is an exciting development, addressing many of the challenges faced by Bitcoin Network today. ARK promises to enhance, above all, privacy and scalability, making it a valuable addition to the rapidly growing Bitcoin ecosystem. ###### _ > ###### Sources and recommended watching and reading: > - [Ark Whiteboard Masterclass with Burak & Robin - MUST WATCH](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EocWax43QgQ) > - [ArkPillMe](https://www.arkpill.me/) > - [GitHub](https://github.com/fiksn/awesome-ark) > - [Community Telegram Channel](https://t.me/ark_network_community) > - [ARK video from Bitcoin Miami 2023](https://bitcointv.com/w/pVk3bPfKZ7YqDzsNZjz9tf?start=4h9m28s) > - [ARK presentation from Bitcoin Miami 2023](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1xKIJt4CnUCFfxhIwDj_kW0Ecr0NcvN5bZ4SQexGJfmk/edit?usp=sharing) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/283362

@ 35f3a26c:92ddf231

https://imgprxy.stacker.news/nVd3TR1oXQuqWT5pH4r-GqANWTgXPRR7RpvxANr8XZI/rs:fit:600:500:0/g:no/aHR0cHM6Ly9jZG4ubm9zdHIuYnVpbGQvaS8wMTk2Y2I2YmUwODkxYTg4OTM5NTBhNDc2ZjNkZWM4NjVmNGFiNjUxNThhOTg4NDYzZmRlY2E0NGFiZmEyZjZhLmpwZw ### What is a Bitcoin spot ETF? Is an asset that tracks the price of **Bitcoin**. ### Why is it considered a game changer? Institutional investors and wealthy individuals, using large investment firms like Blackrock, Fidelity or Ark among others, will be able to acquire the asset with low risk, since these investment firms are highly regulated. These investors have above 15 trillion dollars invested in these large firms and therefore, it is expected that these firms will allocate at least 1% of their portfolios to it. That will be mean a minimum of $150 billions into **Bitcoin**, which is remarkable considering the current market cap of the asset is currently $570 billion. An injection of minimum $150 billions translates in a huge demand for **Bitcoin** with massive potential for price appreciation. ### Current mayor players ### Until now, very few large institutions have acquired **Bitcoin**, examples are **Tesla Inc (Nasdaq: TSLA)** and **Microstrategy (Nasdaq: MSTR)**, which wrote a document labeled "A summary of some of the key considerations for corporations to keep in mind when investing in bitcoin". The link to the document: *https://www.microstrategy.com/en/bitcoin/documents/key-considerations-for-corporate-investment-in-bitcoin* ### Let's check the math ### *Amount of **Bitcoins** mined per day*: - Bitcoins mined per block: 6.25 - Time in minutes to mine one block (approx): 10 - Minutes in one day: 1440 - Blocks mined per day: 144 -> (1440 / 10 = 144) - Bitcoins mined per day: 900 -> ( 144 x 6.25 = 900) After the halving, since the **Bitcoins** mined per block will be reduced to 3.125, we will only have 450 mined per day. ****Bitcoins*** available for trading*: - Around 4 million across exchanges - 900 per day injected in the market ### Assumptions ### - Miners are selling all 900 freshly mined Bitcoins - Financial institutions will allocate at least 1% of their portfolio into **Bitcoin** Assuming Miners sell all 900 every day (which is worst case scenario), this means, that in order for the price of Bitcoin to keep the current price (around $29.4K as I write this article), $26.5 millions are needed in the market to buy those 900 fresh mined every day, $795 million per month, $9.54 billion per year. ### Projections in price appreciation ### *Bear in mind that the projection can't be linear since there are many additional variables to factor in, specially qualitative non quantifiable ones as potential financial crisis, absurd regulations, more ETF delays, governments corruption, wars, pandemics, etc...* In terms of price appreciation, a 15X is plausible, which would rocket the price of **Bitcoin** to around $441K as soon as the $150 billion are deployed to acquire it. Now, consider that this is worst case scenario and valid only until the end of this halving (the amount of mined **Bitcoin** per day will be reduced by half after it), next one is around the end of April 2024. ### What happens with the numbers after the Halving? ### After the halving, with the current amount of financial energy injected into **Bitcoin** ($26.5 million), the price would potentially double to around $58.8K, and if 1% of the investment companies applying for an ETF is injected, the math take the potential price of **Bitcoin** to $882K as soon as that 1% is deployed. ### Time frame for price appreciation? ### Unknown, but I would assume before the end of 2024, Why? Because the ETFs are being yet again delayed for Blackrock and Fidelity until December 2023 by the SEC (Security Exchange Commission) in USA. But USA is not the only country where large Investment Companies are applying for ETFs, it is true that the two largest ones are in USA, but there are many more that combined across the world would add up to a massive additional amount of capital injected into **Bitcoin**. ### The first ETF to go public will be in Europe ### **Jacobi Asset Management**, issuer of an equity structure for digital assets in Europe with the first Bitcoin ETF, with a total portfolio of approx. $4.8 billion. Assuming 1% (worst scenario) of its portfolio will be deployed into **Bitcoin**, additional $48 million would be injected. The launch of this ETF was "July 2023", I will assume this capital will be injected between August and December 2023. Professional investors can already let them know of their interest in their web site: https://jacobiam.com/jacobi-ft-wilshire-bitcoin-etf/ ### Long term impact? We can divide the long term impact into two arenas: - Asset appreciation - Attempts to control the asset #### Long terms asset appreciation #### As explained before, the more capital is deployed into the asset, and the more time passes, the more valuable and scarce it becomes (one halving every 4 years) and therefore, **Bitcoin** will continue to appreciate over time by "a lot". Extrapolate the financial institutions portfolio investment to 5% of 15 trillion dollars, then to 10% and so on. Considering that **Bitcoin** is the best asset in terms of appreciation of the last 10 years, it is plausible that institutional investors will be eager to put more than 1% of their portfolios into **Bitcoin**, I would assume that 5% for the most conservative and 20% for the most aggressive will be logical. You do the math, you will get numbers that will explain *why so many financial analyst come with such a high numbers in their predictions of the future price of **Bitcoin**.* #### Attempts to control the asset in the long term #### Recently I read a post from Chris Blec in X, his post was quite interesting, it reads *"Pfizer convinced billions of people to inject a mysterious chemical into their body multiple times but you don't think Blackrock can convince normies that their fork is the *real* Bitcoin?"* A provocative post which opens the door for debate, one that I am certain is being discussed for years already close doors among the **Bitcoin** community. ##### Potential Attack vectors #### - *Forking ***Bitcoin*** into POS*: Blackrock or a union of Investment corporations could influence with their resources some key developers and miners to fork Bitcoin into a PoS (Proof of Stake) chain, basically centralizing and controlling Bitcoin. A fork creates a new chain and the users will decide which chain is ***Bitcoin***, users decide by changing their Node into the new chain or not, *one Node, one Vote.* - *Forking ***Bitcoin*** to reduce the block time to 1 minute*: With the excuse to reduce the validation transaction time. This will imply many changes that will lead to mining 9000 per day instead of the 900 as of today, reducing the scarcity by increasing the offer and therefore reducing the price - *Forking ***Bitcoin*** to increase the block size*: This was attempted before, *Jonathan Bier* in his book *The Blocksize War: The battle over who controls Bitcoin’s protocol rules* does a decent job explaining the depths of the attack. But in summary leads to centralization of control of the network ##### Countermeasures ##### - *Education*: In my opinion, education is key, those investment funds manage money from wealthy investors, if those investors understand the ethos of Bitcoin and why the asset is so scarce and valuable, they will fight back together with the individual investors for those changes not to be pedaled into the chain. At the end, greed is a very strong motivator and Satoshi understood that perfectly and therefore it is accounted for in the design. - *Awareness*: A considerable percentage of the Bitcoin investors are well informed and therefore, fear can't be use as a trigger, as it was the case of the pharmaceuticals and their experimental drugs, the investment companies could use their resources to create campaigns pushing their narrative, but the community will see through that and counter it in the social networks quite fast, in my opinion, in the age of information, the legacy MSM (Main Stream Media) can't easily steer the **Bitcoin** ecosystem opinion as they could have done with the population up to the 90s, now is a real challenge for them. Proof of that is that they have been fighting Bitcoin with everything they got until now. They short it, talk trash it as much as they could in the legacy MSM, call it rat poison, stated that it will go to zero (while secretly buying it...) and after all that, now they are lining up to buy it and speaking highly of the asset. - *Run your own Node*: **Bitcoin** has endured 14 years of attacks and survived thanks to the community and investors, we need to stay vigilant and protect it, run at least one Node at home, remember, one Node, one Vote. *Can you think of additional **countermeasures**?* originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/226279

@ eac63075:b4988b48

The future of physical money is at stake, and the discussion about DREX, the new digital currency planned by the Central Bank of Brazil, is gaining momentum. In a candid and intense conversation, Federal Deputy Julia Zanatta (PL/SC) discussed the challenges and risks of this digital transition, also [addressing her Bill No. 3,341/2024](https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/prop_mostrarintegra?codteor=2473615&filename=Avulso+PL+3341%2F2024&ref=eddieoz.com#:~:text=PROJETO%20DE%20LEI%20N%C2%BA%20....%20%2C%20DE%202024.&text=Congresso%20Nacional%20decreta%3A-,Art.,substitu%C3%ADda%20exclusivamente%20por%20moeda%20digital.), which aims to prevent the extinction of physical currency. This bill emerges as a direct response to legislative initiatives seeking to replace physical money with digital alternatives, limiting citizens' options and potentially compromising individual freedom. Let's delve into the main points of this conversation. https://www.fountain.fm/episode/i5YGJ9Ors3PkqAIMvNQ0 [(PT-BR version here)](https://www.eddieoz.com/drex-e-o-fim-do-dinheiro-fisico-no-brasil/) ## **What is a CBDC?** Before discussing the specifics of DREX, it’s important to understand what a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is. CBDCs are digital currencies issued by central banks, similar to a digital version of physical money. Unlike cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which operate in a decentralized manner, CBDCs are centralized and regulated by the government. In other words, they are digital currencies created and controlled by the Central Bank, intended to replace physical currency. A prominent feature of CBDCs is their **programmability**. This means that the government can theoretically set rules about how, where, and for what this currency can be used. This aspect enables a level of control over citizens' finances that is impossible with physical money. By programming the currency, the government could limit transactions by setting geographical or usage restrictions. In practice, money within a CBDC could be restricted to specific spending or authorized for use in a defined geographical area. In countries like China, where citizen actions and attitudes are also monitored, a person considered to have a "low score" due to a moral or ideological violation may have their transactions limited to essential purchases, restricting their digital currency use to non-essential activities. This financial control is strengthened because, unlike physical money, digital currency cannot be exchanged anonymously. ## **Practical Example: The Case of DREX During the Pandemic** To illustrate how DREX could be used, an example was given by Eric Altafim, director of Banco Itaú. He suggested that, if DREX had existed during the COVID-19 pandemic, [the government could have restricted the currency’s use to a 5-kilometer radius around a person’s residence](https://youtu.be/cjUz2VEk4co?feature=shared&t=484&ref=eddieoz.com), limiting their economic mobility. Another proposed use by the executive related to the Bolsa Família welfare program: the government could set up programming that only allows this benefit to be used exclusively for food purchases. Although these examples are presented as control measures for safety or organization, they demonstrate how much a CBDC could restrict citizens' freedom of choice. To illustrate the potential for state control through a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), such as DREX, it is helpful to look at the example of China. In China, the implementation of a CBDC coincides with the country’s Social Credit System, a governmental surveillance tool that assesses citizens' and companies' behavior. Together, these technologies allow the Chinese government to monitor, reward, and, above all, punish behavior deemed inappropriate or threatening to the government. ## **How Does China's Social Credit System Work?** Implemented in 2014, China's Social Credit System assigns every citizen and company a "score" based on various factors, [including financial behavior, criminal record, social interactions, and even online activities](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1461444819826402?ref=eddieoz.com). This score determines the benefits or penalties each individual receives and can affect everything from public transport access to obtaining loans and enrolling in elite schools for their children. Citizens with low scores may face various sanctions, including travel restrictions, fines, and difficulty in securing loans. With the adoption of the CBDC — or “digital yuan” — the Chinese government now has a new tool to closely monitor citizens' financial transactions, facilitating the application of Social Credit System penalties. China’s CBDC is a programmable digital currency, which means that the government can restrict how, when, and where the money can be spent. Through this level of control, digital currency becomes a powerful mechanism for influencing citizens' behavior. Imagine, for instance, a citizen who repeatedly posts critical remarks about the government on social media or participates in protests. If the Social Credit System assigns this citizen a low score, the Chinese government could, through the CBDC, restrict their money usage in certain areas or sectors. For example, [they could be prevented from buying tickets to travel to other regions, prohibited from purchasing certain consumer goods](https://www.businessinsider.com/china-social-credit-system-punishments-and-rewards-explained-2018-4?ref=eddieoz.com), or even restricted to making transactions only at stores near their home. Another example of how the government can use the CBDC to enforce the Social Credit System is by monitoring purchases of products such as alcohol or luxury items. If a citizen uses the CBDC to spend more than the government deems reasonable on such products, this could negatively impact their social score, resulting in additional penalties such as future purchase restrictions or a lowered rating that impacts their personal and professional lives. In China, this kind of control has already been demonstrated in several cases. Citizens added to Social Credit System “blacklists” have seen their spending and investment capacity severely limited. The combination of digital currency and social scores thus creates a sophisticated and invasive surveillance system, through which the Chinese government controls important aspects of citizens’ financial lives and individual freedoms. Deputy Julia Zanatta views these examples with great concern. She argues that if the state has full control over digital money, citizens will be exposed to a level of economic control and surveillance never seen before. In a democracy, this control poses a risk, but in an authoritarian regime, it could be used as a powerful tool of repression. ## **DREX and Bill No. 3,341/2024** Julia Zanatta became aware of a bill by a Workers' Party (PT) deputy ([Bill 4068/2020 by Deputy Reginaldo Lopes - PT/MG](https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=2259342&fichaAmigavel=nao&ref=eddieoz.com)) that proposes the extinction of physical money within five years, aiming for a complete transition to DREX, the digital currency developed by the Central Bank of Brazil. Concerned about the impact of this measure, [Julia drafted her bill, PL No. 3,341/2024](https://www.camara.leg.br/proposicoesWeb/prop_mostrarintegra?codteor=2473615&filename=Avulso+PL+3341%2F2024&ref=eddieoz.com#:~:text=PROJETO%20DE%20LEI%20N%C2%BA%20....%20%2C%20DE%202024.&text=Congresso%20Nacional%20decreta%3A-,Art.,substitu%C3%ADda%20exclusivamente%20por%20moeda%20digital.), which prohibits the elimination of physical money, ensuring citizens the right to choose physical currency. “The more I read about DREX, the less I want its implementation,” says the deputy. DREX is a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), similar to other state digital currencies worldwide, but which, according to Julia, carries extreme control risks. She points out that with DREX, the State could closely monitor each citizen’s transactions, eliminating anonymity and potentially restricting freedom of choice. This control would lie in the hands of the Central Bank, which could, in a crisis or government change, “freeze balances or even delete funds directly from user accounts.” ## **Risks and Individual Freedom** Julia raises concerns about potential abuses of power that complete digitalization could allow. In a democracy, state control over personal finances raises serious questions, and EddieOz warns of an even more problematic future. “Today we are in a democracy, but tomorrow, with a government transition, we don't know if this kind of power will be used properly or abused,” he states. In other words, DREX gives the State the ability to restrict or condition the use of money, opening the door to unprecedented financial surveillance. EddieOz cites Nigeria as an example, where a CBDC was implemented, and the government imposed severe restrictions on the use of physical money to encourage the use of digital currency, leading to protests and clashes in the country. In practice, the poorest and unbanked — those without regular access to banking services — were harshly affected, as without physical money, many cannot conduct basic transactions. Julia highlights that in Brazil, this situation would be even more severe, given the large number of unbanked individuals and the extent of rural areas where access to technology is limited. ## **The Relationship Between DREX and Pix** The digital transition has already begun with Pix, which revolutionized instant transfers and payments in Brazil. However, Julia points out that Pix, though popular, is a citizen’s choice, while DREX tends to eliminate that choice. The deputy expresses concern about new rules suggested for Pix, such as daily transaction limits of a thousand reais, justified as anti-fraud measures but which, in her view, represent additional control and a profit opportunity for banks. “How many more rules will banks create to profit from us?” asks Julia, noting that DREX could further enhance control over personal finances. ## **International Precedents and Resistance to CBDC** The deputy also cites examples from other countries resisting the idea of a centralized digital currency. In the United States, states like New Hampshire have passed laws to prevent the advance of CBDCs, and leaders such as Donald Trump have opposed creating a national digital currency. Trump, addressing the topic, uses a justification similar to Julia’s: in a digitalized system, “with one click, your money could disappear.” She agrees with the warning, emphasizing the control risk that a CBDC represents, especially for countries with disadvantaged populations. Besides the United States, Canada, Colombia, and Australia have also suspended studies on digital currencies, citing the need for further discussions on population impacts. However, in Brazil, the debate on DREX is still limited, with few parliamentarians and political leaders openly discussing the topic. According to Julia, only she and one or two deputies are truly trying to bring this discussion to the Chamber, making DREX’s advance even more concerning. ## **Bill No. 3,341/2024 and Popular Pressure** For Julia, her bill is a first step. Although she acknowledges that ideally, it would prevent DREX's implementation entirely, PL 3341/2024 is a measure to ensure citizens' choice to use physical money, preserving a form of individual freedom. “If the future means control, I prefer to live in the past,” Julia asserts, reinforcing that the fight for freedom is at the heart of her bill. However, the deputy emphasizes that none of this will be possible without popular mobilization. According to her, popular pressure is crucial for other deputies to take notice and support PL 3341. “I am only one deputy, and we need the public’s support to raise the project’s visibility,” she explains, encouraging the public to press other parliamentarians and ask them to “pay attention to PL 3341 and the project that prohibits the end of physical money.” The deputy believes that with a strong awareness and pressure movement, it is possible to advance the debate and ensure Brazilians’ financial freedom. ## **What’s at Stake?** Julia Zanatta leaves no doubt: DREX represents a profound shift in how money will be used and controlled in Brazil. More than a simple modernization of the financial system, the Central Bank’s CBDC sets precedents for an unprecedented level of citizen surveillance and control in the country. For the deputy, this transition needs to be debated broadly and transparently, and it’s up to the Brazilian people to defend their rights and demand that the National Congress discuss these changes responsibly. The deputy also emphasizes that, regardless of political or partisan views, this issue affects all Brazilians. “This agenda is something that will affect everyone. We need to be united to ensure people understand the gravity of what could happen.” Julia believes that by sharing information and generating open debate, it is possible to prevent Brazil from following the path of countries that have already implemented a digital currency in an authoritarian way. ## **A Call to Action** The future of physical money in Brazil is at risk. For those who share Deputy Julia Zanatta’s concerns, the time to act is now. Mobilize, get informed, and press your representatives. PL 3341/2024 is an opportunity to ensure that Brazilian citizens have a choice in how to use their money, without excessive state interference or surveillance. In the end, as the deputy puts it, the central issue is freedom. “My fear is that this project will pass, and people won’t even understand what is happening.” Therefore, may every citizen at least have the chance to understand what’s at stake and make their voice heard in defense of a Brazil where individual freedom and privacy are respected values.

@ 623ed218:fa549249

Peritas: A Vision for Accessible Multi-sig ==========================================  ### Introducing: Peritas Let me preface this with the following disclaimer:\ *I am not a dev, I can't code and I've never written a white paper...* *With that out of the way, let's talk multi-sig.*\ By day, I'm a maintenance tech. That is to say, I earn fiat by unclogging toilets, fixing broken dishwashers and refrigerators, and troubleshooting boiler systems and air conditioning units. I was scrolling through my nostr feed today having just fixed a leaking toilet and on my way to look at a stuck zone valve on a boiler line when I came across a note from [Guy Swann](https://primal.net/p/npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev "https://primal.net/p/npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev"):  So, I thought about it... kept thinking about it... and kept thinking about it until I felt compelled to reply. A few back-and-forths later, and I found myself responding to Guy with:  "A non-dev", yes, that's how I identify. And in that moment I realized the flaw in how I look at the world.  Nothing in life brings me greater joy than finding a creative solution to a problem, yet, perhaps as a coping mechanism, I tend to avoid considering solutions to problems I deem outside my skill-sets.tside my skill-sets. All my life I have limited myself to the scope of my own ability, neglecting to consider that I can play a part in solving more complex problems by leveraging the abilities and talent of those around me who see the same problems in the world that I do. I'm resolving to change this. The release of the Peritas White Paper represents my first step towards this. As I stated in the beginning: "I am not dev, I can't code.". But after nearly four years of obsessive involvement in the Bitcoin space, I have a vision of the solutions I want to see made available. I will do what I can to bring these visions into reality. This is a work in progress. The scope and details of this project will necessary evolve as needed to adapt to reality and community/user input. With that said, I present Peritas for your review.  # Peritas: An Accessible Multi-Signature Wallet Proposal for Enhanced Self-Custody (Updated 867475) ## Abstract Peritas aims to provide or inspire simple, open-source, multi-platform applications designed to simplify the setup and management of multi-signature (multi-sig) wallets. It specifically targets new Bitcoin users, enhancing the security of their holdings without requiring additional hardware. By creating an accessible, intuitive interface and aligning with Web of Trust (WOT) principles, Peritas hopes to address a significant gap in the Bitcoin ecosystem, promoting higher security with minimal user friction. ## 1\. Introduction Bitcoin wallets typically take one of two forms: single-signature (single-sig) and multi-signature (multi-sig). Single-sig wallets are the default, and they are most commonly used by those new to self-custody as they are simple to set up and manage. However, single-sig wallets present a security risk as only one key is needed to access and move funds, leaving them vulnerable to theft or compromise. Multi-sig wallets require multiple keys to authorize transactions, significantly enhancing security by distributing custody across multiple signatories. Multi-sig should be the standard for all Bitcoin self-custody setups, particularly for key recovery and backup processes, as an improvement over traditional paper seed backups. This white paper introduces Peritas: an open-source, multi-platform application proposal that simplifies multi-sig wallet creation and operation, making enhanced security accessible to all Bitcoin users without the need for dedicated hardware. ## 2\. System Overview ### 2.1 Wallet Creation Process Peritas provides users with a simple, guided process for creating a secure multi-sig wallet: - Initial Keypair Generation: Upon initial app startup, Peritas automatically generates a base Bitcoin keypair (Base Key) for the user. This Base Key will be foundational for creating recovery and multi-sig configurations. - Vault Founders (Founders) begin by opting to create a new "vault" (multi-signature wallet). The default configuration is a 2/3 multi-sig setup, although Founders can access advanced settings to adjust the number of signatories and the threshold required for authorizing transactions. - The application will derive a new private key (Vault Key) from the Base Key for use in the new multi-sig vault. Vault Keys may be derived from the Base Key using BIP-85 child seeds, alternate accounts or derivation paths, or the use of passphrases (exact method TBD). All data required for regeneration of Vault Keys is securely stored in encrypted app data. - It is important to tailor multi-sig setups to the Founder's situation, skill level, and the size of their holdings. For smaller amounts (e.g., 100,000 sats), a 2/3 service-based multi-sig involving keys held on the Founder's phone, a spouse's or trusted contact's device, a participating exchange where the Founder purchases Bitcoin, or a vetted third-party key holder may be appropriate, providing a balance of convenience and security. For larger holdings, Founders may opt for a more secure configuration with a higher number of signatories and a higher threshold for transaction authorization to enhance fault-tolerance and mitigate risks. ### 2.2 Integration with Trusted Contacts (Keyholders) - Founders are prompted to select a Keyholder, a trusted contact who will generate a Social Recovery Key. - Following initial app startup, Keyholders will select an option to "Become a Keyholder". This selection prompts Peritas to generate a Social Recovery Key using a process identical to the creation of Vault Keys (outlined in 2.1). - The public key from this newly generated Social Recovery Key, (created through a simple option on the app's welcome page), is shared back to the Vault Founder for use in the configuration of their multi-sig vault. - An "affiliate + key assistance" system could also be used, where a Social Recovery Key could be managed by the person who onboarded the user (e.g., a mentor), who, assuming a trusted relationship between parties, could assist the Founder through the vault creation and management process as needed. ### 2.3 Third-Party Collaborative Custody - Third-Party Integration and Support: Peritas envisions integration of its vault creation process with vetted exchanges or respected Bitcoin support and mentorship services. These Third-Party Keyholders can offer higher levels of technical support and guidance to Founders, though such support may come at the expense of privacy. - Flexibility: Peritas provides a flexible setup for multi-sig vaults. Founders may choose to forgo this institutional third-party key involvement entirely, opting instead to include additional trusted contact Keyholders, as referenced in 2.2, for a more private configuration. ### 2.4 Vault Creation and Management - With the Founder's, Keyholder's, and any Third-Party Keyholder's public keys in place, Peritas creates a multi-signature vault and shares descriptor files securely with all participating parties. - The app houses configuration files for each multi-sig vault and enforces security by rejecting any attempt to add additional keys from the same vault, ensuring that a quorum of keys cannot be consolidated on a single device. ### 2.5 Encrypted Cloud Backup - To enhance redundancy, Peritas offers users the option to encrypt and store their keys and vault configuration files with their preferred cloud service (e.g., iCloud, Google Drive). This approach leverages familiar systems providing a seamless way for users to store recovery keys, minimizing the risk of loss of key material in the event of device loss or app data deletion. ## 3\. Technical Implementation ### 3.1 Security Architecture - Encryption: All communication between the app, users, trusted contacts, and exchanges is encrypted using AES-256 and other state-of-the-art encryption protocols to ensure privacy and prevent interception or tampering. - Cross-Platform Support: Peritas is designed to function across multiple platforms (iOS, Android, Windows, Linux) to ensure broad accessibility. - Data Transmission: Secure communication protocols such as Fedi, Matrix, Nostr Gift-Wrapped Messages, or Pears integration may be used to transmit public keys, descriptor files, and signatures, safeguarding user information. ### 3.2 User Experience Design - Onboarding and Education: A setup wizard guides users through vault creation, using simple language and visual aids to explain multi-sig benefits, vault concepts, and the roles of different types of Keyholders. - Pathfinder Mode: Users can access an advanced "Pathfinder Mode" to configure vaults with a higher number of signatories than the default 2-of-3 vault, unlocking options for custom thresholds, personalized wallet configurations, and unique security protocols. Future expansions under Pathfinder Mode may include enhanced signing automation, integration with additional security services, and greater control over key storage and recovery preferences, enabling users to tailor their vault setup to their evolving security needs. ### 3.3 Node Connectivity To maintain decentralization and minimize the risk associated with a single point of failure, Peritas will not rely on a central node for its operations. Instead, offering multiple options for users: - Custom Node Connections: Users can connect Peritas to their own Bitcoin nodes, providing maximum control and security. This approach aligns with the Bitcoin ethos of self-sovereignty and reduces reliance on third-party infrastructure. - Public Node Selection: For users without their own nodes, the application will provide a selection of vetted, community-operated public nodes to connect with. This offers convenience while distributing trust across multiple independent entities, minimizing the risk of centralization. - Tor Integration: To enhance privacy, Peritas will support Tor integration, enabling users to connect to nodes anonymously and reducing the risk of tracking and monitoring. - Automatic Node Load Balancing: The app may implement a feature that automatically rotates between multiple trusted public nodes, ensuring that no single node becomes a point of dependency. - You can view additional connectivity ideas we're thinking through in our file [Decentralized Checkpointing.md](https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas/blob/main/Decentralized%20Checkpointing.md "https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas/blob/main/Decentralized%20Checkpointing.md"). ## 4\. Security and Privacy Considerations Peritas prioritizes security and privacy: - Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): To protect app access, users may set up MFA as an additional security layer. - Local and Cloud Encryption Standards: The app uses AES-256 for local storage of keys and end-to-end encryption for cloud backups and transmission of public keys and descriptors. - Key Recovery and Redundancy: Cloud services are employed for encrypted backups, providing redundancy while ensuring that users retain control over their key material. ## 5\. Integration and Collaboration Opportunities ### 5.1 Wallet Providers - Peritas could partner with existing and up-coming open-source wallet providers, to integrate its vault functionality proposals and expand their security offerings. ### 5.2 Exchange Collaboration - By collaborating with exchanges, Peritas can provide seamless integration for obtaining Exchange Public Keys, building trust and simplifying the user experience for those securing their funds. ## 6\. Future Development and Monetization ### 6.1 Feature Expansion - Hardware Wallet Integration: Future updates will include compatibility with hardware wallets, providing additional security options for advanced users who wish to incorporate dedicated signing devices into their multi-sig setup. - Automatic Backup Options: Users will have more automated and secure options for backing up their encrypted keys, including automated cloud backups and integration with secure storage solutions. - Transaction Monitoring: The app will incorporate transaction monitoring services, enabling users to receive alerts and detailed information about incoming and outgoing transactions. - Guided Key Rotation/Replacement: To maintain long-term security and minimize risks from potential key compromises, Peritas will offer a guided process for rotating or replacing keys within a multi-sig setup. The feature will provide users with step-by-step instructions on how to update their vault's keys, ensuring a secure and seamless transition without risking access to funds. - Timelocks: Pathfinder Mode allows users to set custom timelocks for certain transactions, offering additional control over when funds can be moved, which is particularly useful in setting up delayed recovery mechanisms or ensuring funds are secure for specific timeframes. - Miniscript Support: Integrate Miniscript functionality for a more expressive and programmable approach to transaction conditions, empowering users to set complex logic for transaction approvals and build custom spending policies tailored to their needs. - Future-Proofing with CTV: In the event of future consensus around [CheckTemplateVerify (CTV)](https://bitcoinops.org/en/topics/op_checktemplateverify/ "https://bitcoinops.org/en/topics/op_checktemplateverify/") (BIP-119), Pathfinder Mode will likely be updated to support CTV-specific outputs, offering options for conditional spending paths and more efficient use of UTXOs. This will enable enhanced, adaptable control over transaction flows, making Peritas wallets more resilient and versatile as Bitcoin development progresses. ### 6.2 Premium Services - Potential premium services include advanced support for users configuring complex vaults. These services may be facilitated through strategic partnerships with community-vetted organizations such as [Bitcoin Mentor](https://bitcoinmentor.io/ "https://bitcoinmentor.io/") or [The Bitcoin Way](https://www.thebitcoinway.com/ "https://www.thebitcoinway.com/"), ensuring trusted and expert guidance for users. ## 7\. Market Considerations and Demand While specialized hardware signing devices will continue to cater to those with heightened security demands (i.e., "paranoid crypto anarchists"), Peritas fills a gap for new entrants to the space who may not yet be ready or willing to purchase dedicated hardware. Providing robust, easy-to-use software solutions ensures that the demand for secure self-custody is met for all levels of users. ## 8\. Conclusion Peritas is a critical step forward in improving Bitcoin self-custody security. By proposing an open-source framework for user-friendly vault creation and management applications, Peritas is working to empower users to protect their holdings without the need for additional hardware. Every self-custody setup should incorporate multi-sig, and Peritas provides an adoptable framework for secure solutions that meet this need, ensuring that new users will have access to robust security models that align with the ethos of Bitcoin's financial sovereignty. By paving a path to accessible and secure Bitcoin self-custody for the coming waves of new Bitcoin participants, Peritas aims to uphold and strengthen the principles of financial freedom and autonomy in the Bitcoin ecosystem. ## 9\. Contributors and Acknowledgements Peritas was developed with insights and support from many contributors in the Bitcoin community: - [Guy Swann](https://primal.net/p/npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev "https://primal.net/p/npub1h8nk2346qezka5cpm8jjh3yl5j88pf4ly2ptu7s6uu55wcfqy0wq36rpev"), founder of [Bitcoin Audible](https://bitcoinaudible.com/ "https://bitcoinaudible.com/"), provided valuable perspectives on multi-signature setups and emphasized the importance of using multi-sig as the standard for Bitcoin self-custody and recovery processes. - We also acknowledge the efforts of the many builders and developers who have worked tirelessly to bring Bitcoin self-custody to its present stage, creating the tools and upholding the principles that Peritas hopes to further. - Additional input and feedback were provided by members of the Bitcoin community who share a commitment to enhancing security and accessibility for Bitcoin newcomers. ## 10\. Additional Resources See a breakdown of some of the terms used above in [Glossary of Terms.md](https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas/blob/main/Glossary%20of%20Terms.md "https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas/blob/main/Glossary%20of%20Terms.md"). #### Thanks For Reading! #### [*[For the most up-to-date version of the Peritas White Paper, please visit my Github Repository!]*](https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas "https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Peritas") Block 867476 - MSK 1490 Digging Deeper: =============== ### Hey there, I hope you enjoyed this read! If you did, and would like to read more of my barks, follow the links below! - Curious how I found Bitcoin? Read ["Paw Prints to the Timechain"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1") - Bitcoin meets psychology? I touch on this in ["Maslow's Apex"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1") - Want to understand the basics of Bitcoin? Read ["Bitcoin Best Practice"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1") - If you like seeing bad media takes unpacked, check out ["Pup's Double-Takes"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/Pups-Double-Takes/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/Pups-Double-Takes/#wbb1") ### External Resources: - Want to earn rewards on your mortgage? [Use my referral to earn 20,000 free sats at sign up!](https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP "https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP") - Do you like sharing Bitcoin content and earning sats for doing so? [Join me at Stacker.news!](https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup "https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup") ...Woof! ======== [](https://primal.net/p/npub1vgldyxx7syc30qm9v7padnnfpdfp4zwymsyl9ztzuklaf7j5jfyspk36wu) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/741352

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Only three of the new matches on [freebitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722) had external odds available, so those will be todays [RBOA](https://stacker.news/items/738522/r/Undisciplined) picks. The table will be based on hypothetical 10 kilosat bets on each match. Scale up or down accordingly. | Outcome 1 | Outcome 2 | Outcome 3 | Bet 1 | Bet 2 | Bet 3| |--------------|---------------|------------|-------|-------|------| | Leverkusen | VfB Stuttgart | Draw | 6300 | 1800 | 1900 | | FC Bayern| Union Berlin| Draw | 8100 | 700 | 1200 | | Dortmund| RB Leipzig| Draw | 4500 | 3100 | 2400 | I'm currently up about 80 ksats using this strategy, originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/741081

@ 000002de:c05780a7

I regularly see people make distinction between SN and social media. The difference isn't obvious on the surface but if you are a thoughtful person after you use SN you begin to see the difference . ## Stacker News The incentive structure added by bitcoin and the relatively small community make it very different from places like Reddit or Twitter. That said, personally I do consider Stacker.news a social media site. Wikipedia isn't the authority ( there really isn't an authority over language, its anarchy ) but I think the definition is pretty good. > Social media are interactive technologies that facilitate the creation, sharing and aggregation of content (such as ideas, interests, and other forms of expression) amongst virtual communities and networks. In my experience Stacker.news can be addictive if you find the discussions entertaining and valuable. Then when you add the dopamine hit from getting zapped it can really suck a person in. Is this bad? I guess it can be if you are avoiding more important activities. Its probably very subjective and personal. When I contrast Stacker.news with Reddit or Hacker News the difference is profound. The level of intelligence for the most part is much higher. Social media sites like Twitter and Facebook use algorithms and they seem to feed into conflict. Its been said in documentaries that these platforms hire psychologists to help them manipulate their users into spending more time on the site. Thing is... Twitter wasn't always like that. I was fairly early to Twitter. In my area there were only a handful of people on Twitter and I ended up meeting all of them. Made friends and connections that benefited my career. I learned many things on Twitter that were helpful. It wasn't really about fighting with dumb people or talking about the news. Back then it was mostly software devs and people working in tech. There was a commonality between the people using the site. As the audience grew and celebs started using it began to change. Once it became something everyone had to be on it was pretty shot for me. Once it began to change I started saying Twitter is where you go to get sad or mad. Stacker.news is small. That's good for those of us that use it. If it grows I believe it will change drastically. Many of us that use it today and find value here will lose interest. Why? Because we aren't normal. I don't mean that as a slight. Its just true. Most people don't really care to share their thoughts on the topics we discuss. Most don't even want to write at all. They don't want to argue / debate. They don't care about bitcoin. They also don't care about fiat. So is Stacker.news a social media site? I say it is. But @k00b has tried to create an incentive structure using bitcoin that avoids many of the issues with other sites. In general I don't think the human race has figured out how to deal with the number of low fidelity connections the Internet has given us. I believe future generations will learn from our mistakes. I don't even think we really know all the mistakes being made yet. ## Nostr Nostr is a protocol. Its not social media. Just like web sockets aren't social media or HTTP isn't. But the primary applications being created and used on the protocol are social media. They are clones of Twitter. Why do people think Nostr isn't social media? Well, because its better for now. But you see normies that come to it and hate it. Why? Because its full of people like me. Talking about stuff they don't care about. Its full of self assured jerks that love to talk about how dumb everyone is that doesn't hold bitcoin. If Nostr succeeds this will change. Is it good? Yeah. I think Nostr is good. I think SN is good. But they aren't perfect. They have some of the same issues that the old platforms have. Their creators have learned and tried to fix some of the issues. What do you think? If SN isn't social media, what is your definition? What about Nostr? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/740019

@ 8f2fe968:0fbf4901

[](https://image.nostr.build/2e1a93e3e571f1d6f6cced4f80eb31869c293812dd84f35b014a7bc27c6965b7.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/a7f6c6163818946a4d65854e620f4f4a3d98146f2a8b003a2dd10f71507735b8.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/d311aa74127c8adb4ea69ffab75ead93bd0f891e1dedf60c561488da432c9527.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/0ce57a8707b6bba8ef844eda16fad4ebaff646ea7436cbc10482238e63714c42.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/7a8c6d146eb8cb17d74db05eb4989d2dcf2a4ede9d9d8a488a17583fc4a10003.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/30151bcbba2f3f4a8b1978a951a537474b35c0ef8565985f23844f81b04836ce.gif) [](https://image.nostr.build/9b8ac91ebe33cbf5fc330f6f96d6cdeffe5efe7b7432897ffc522d80f80f43d5.gif)

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

NBA basketball is back! Who wants to overreact to the first couple of games by changing their end of season predictions? We had several new participants join the contest in September and hopefully we'll continue to pick up new folks as the season rolls on. Here's the current state of the competition with your max possible score next to your name: | Contestant | MVP | Champ | All NBA | | | | | |--------------|------|---------|----------|-|-|-|-| | @Undisciplined 69 | Luka | OKC | Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant | SGA | | @grayruby 70 | Giannis| Pacers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Mitchell| Brunson| | @gnilma 70 | SGA| OKC| Jokic | Wemby| Luka | SGA| Brunson| | @BitcoinAbhi 70 | Luka| Denver| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @Bell_curve 70 | Luka| Celtics| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @0xbitcoiner 70 | Jokic| Pacers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| Brunson| | @Coinsreporter 49| Giannis| Pacers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| Brunson| | @TheMorningStar 49| Luka| Celtics| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| | @onthedeklein 49| Luka| T-Wolves| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Wemby| SGA| | @Carresan 49| Luka| Mavs| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Wemby| SGA| | @BTC_Bellzer 49| Luka| Celtics| Embiid| Giannis | Luka | Tatum| SGA| | @realBitcoinDog 49| Luka| Lakers| Jokic | Giannis | Luka | Ant| SGA| My October overreaction is that Embiid is already a lost cause, sorry @BTC_Bellzer. Also, the Knicks and Wolves may have both lost their blockbuster trade. The Celtics are looking dominant, Luka's starting strong, and Wemby might still need some polishing. The pot is only about 2k at the moment, but I'm sure it will continue to grow. If you want to join this contest, just leave your predictions for MVP, Champion, and All-NBA 1st team in the comments. See the [June post](https://stacker.news/items/585231/r/Undisciplined) for more details. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/739939

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Foi criado com o objetivo de fornecer aos usuários uma experiência de navegação mais privada e segura na internet. O LibreWolf é uma excelente alternativa ao Firefox, com algumas diferenças significativas em relação ao navegador da Mozilla. O LibreWolf foi desenvolvido com foco na privacidade e segurança do usuário. Ele bloqueia rastreadores de terceiros, impede o envio de dados de telemetria e desabilita recursos de rastreamento de usuário que vêm ativados por padrão no Firefox. Além disso, ele vem pré-configurado com diversas extensões de privacidade, como uBlock Origin, Privacy Badger e HTTPS Everywhere, que ajudam a bloquear anúncios, scripts maliciosos e outras ameaças de segurança enquanto você navega na web. Outra característica notável do LibreWolf é que ele usa o mecanismo de pesquisa Searx como padrão, em vez do Google. O Searx é conhecido por fornecer resultados de pesquisa mais privados e anônimos, sem rastrear as suas atividades online. O LibreWolf também possui suporte nativo ao Tor, que permite aos usuários acessar a internet anonimamente. Além dos recursos de privacidade e segurança, o LibreWolf é muito semelhante ao Firefox em termos de usabilidade e funcionalidades. Ele é fácil de instalar e configurar, e possui um grande número de extensões disponíveis na sua loja de extensões. O LibreWolf é uma excelente opção para usuários que buscam um navegador mais privado e seguro. Se você se preocupa com a sua privacidade online, vale a pena experimentar o LibreWolf. Ele é gratuito e de código aberto, o que significa que você pode baixá-lo e personalizá-lo de acordo com suas necessidades específicas. https://librewolf.net/ https://github.com/librewolf-community

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

Part I, [click here](https://stacker.news/items/735219) The previous part 2, [check it out here](https://stacker.news/items/736674) The previous part 3, [check it out here](https://stacker.news/items/738294) The Popes, from now on, begin and end with a cycle. On the one hand, the century starts with efforts to combat theological controversies, but a pivotal moment arrives: in 476, Rome falls. From that point, the Church must take on the responsibilities of half the fallen Empire and, at the same time, counter the Emperor in Constantinople’s desire to intervene in ecclesiastical matters.  41. **Zosimus [417-418]** Following in his predecessor's footsteps was challenging, and this Pope was the complete opposite. Lacking knowledge in theology and philosophy and with a very bad temper, he made impulsive decisions...he even attempted to condemn Pelagianism[^1], but the ecclesiastical circle largely ignored him due to his characteristics. 42. **Boniface I [418-422]** This Pope faced difficulties with the Eastern Church, heavily influenced by Emperor Flavius Honorius, who attempted to appoint Eulalius as Pope (antipope), leveraging support from some discontented bishops but ultimately failing. He banned slaves from being ordained as deacons, forbade women from burning incense at Mass, and touching sacred linens. Although he fully supported Augustine of Hippo in combating Pelagianism, he also made decisions that led Christians to feel less equal. 43. **Celestine I [422-432]** This Pope focused mainly on the Nestorian controversy[^2], dedicating himself to fighting this and other heresies. As these heresies grew, he had two powerful allies: Palladius of Scotland and Germanus of Auxerre, both evangelizing in Northern Europe and resisting Pelagianism. 44. **Sixtus III [432-440]** Before becoming Pope, he served as an advisor to the previous three Popes, learning about theology and politics. In response to the Nestorian controversy, he rebuilt the Basilica of Saint Mary Major, where, for the first time in Christian art, the Virgin Mary is depicted in imperial attire. In his youth, he showed favor to Pelagius’s doctrines and faced criticism during his papacy for being overly conciliatory with Nestorius. The theological clashes were so intense that they surprised many, and the destruction of charity began. 45. **Leo the Great [440-461]** This is a legendary Pope, easily one of the most important not only in Christianity but in history. He wrote nearly 150 letters and numerous sermons throughout his career, presenting Jesus as the mediator and savior of humanity and the Virgin Mary as the Mother of God who gave birth to Jesus, the Lord, the Son of King David. He corresponded with the Eastern Church and frequently sent apostolic emissaries. In 452, he met Attila the Hun in Mantua; the outcome of their discussion, left to our imagination, resulted in the Huns abandoning Italy. Later, Genseric the Vandal sacked Rome, but the Pope convinced him not to burn the basilicas of St. John Lateran, St. Peter’s, and St. Paul’s. In a theological work sent to the Eastern Emperor Flavian, Leo reaffirmed Rome's supremacy in matters of faith, underscoring that the Emperor’s motives were more political than theological. He also challenged Toribio of Astorga on his Priscillianist beliefs[^3]. 46. **Hilary [461-468]** A former legate of the previous Pope, he dedicated his time to resolving and conciliating the churches in Hispania. In matters of faith, he combated Constantinople’s assertions and affirmed the Pope’s authority, setting a precedent that would reappear in the 1870 decree on papal infallibility. He faced criticism for excessive spending during a time of crisis. 47. **Simplicius [468-483]** He faced the toughest challenges, as he personally experienced the fall of Rome when Odoacer, the Germanic king of the Heruli, sent the imperial seals from Romulus Augustulus to the East. The fall left a strong possibility of losing churches in Africa and the Levant. To preserve his predecessor's gains, Simplicius appointed Zeno, Bishop of Seville, as his Pontifical Vicar, the Pope’s long arm, marking the *modern* birth of what we know as an ambassador. 48. **Felix III [483-492]** Married and father of two children. He faced a challenging papacy, as the Arians exploited Rome’s fall to overtake Northern churches and impose their doctrine. To "protect" his papacy from Eastern influences, he sought political support from Odoacer, King of the Heruli and Ostrogoths. Unknowingly, he triggered a strong crisis: the king's intervention in papal elections for the coming centuries. 49. **Gelasian [492-496]** This Pope wrote a work called *De duabus in Christo naturis* (_On the Dual Nature of Christ_) in which he explained the division between the divine and the earthly within the Church. His aim was to separate the Pope’s duties into the political (earthly) and the matters of faith (divine); the Church held *auctoritas* (authority), while the Emperor held *potestas* (power). Naturally, the Church’s authority took precedence over the Emperor’s. Gelasian fought Manichaeism and made a significant contribution to the Mass by introducing the prayer *Kyrie eleison*, “Lord, have mercy.” 50. **Anastasius II [496-498]** In an attempt to calm tensions between East and West, he sought peace with the Monophysites, the dominant doctrine in the Eastern Church. Interestingly, in *The Divine Comedy*'s Canto X of *Inferno*, Dante Alighieri places Anastasius's tomb there, attributing it to Bishop Photinus for his attempt to make peace with heresies: *Anastasio papa guardo/lo qual trasse Fotin de la via dritta* (I guard Pope Anastasius/he whom Photinus drew from the straight path) With the next Pope, even the decisions around elections become more complicated, with imperial interventions becoming more severe, but that is for the next chapter. [^1]: Pelagianism, a doctrine promoted by the philosopher Pelagius, claimed that original sin did not taint human nature and that, through free will, humans could achieve perfection. Augustine of Hippo, initially a supporter, later became its main opponent, arguing that if there were no original sin in humans, God’s divine grace would hold no weight and that all are sinners; it is in the humility of seeing ourselves this way that God forgives offenses against Him and ourselves. [^2]: Nestorius, archbishop and Patriarch of Constantinople, questioned the designation of the Virgin Mary as Mother of God. He argued that Mary could not be the Mother of God but was the mother of Jesus in his human nature, suggesting the title *Christotokos* (Mother of Christ) rather than *Theotokos* (Mother of God). Though accepted for some time, his doctrine was declared heretical at the Council of Ephesus (431). [^3]: Priscillianists, followers of Priscillian, bishop of Hispania, believed the Church should renounce all wealth and adopt poverty, abstain from alcohol, and avoid marriage. Although mainly a social issue at the time, Priscillianists were anti-Trinitarian and denied the incarnation of the Word, claiming angels and human souls were of the same nature as God. This gnostic-like belief was condemned as heretical at the Council of Braga (561). originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/739692

@ dca6e1cc:ea7d1750

It has been a busy time for the Wandering w/ Purpose publication. [The recent launch of our crowd-funding campaign](https://stacker.news/items/682979) for [the Bitcoin Nakawa project](https://geyser.fund/project/bitcoinnakawa) ignited a promising new chapter on our journey. I'm currently writing to you from Mozambique, but eagerly await soon making the trip to reconnect with the Nakawa family in Zambia. More Bitcoin Nakawa project updates and Wandering w/ Purpose stories and articles are soon to come. We sincerely hope you've been enjoying our content! Be sure to [follow our activity on Stacker News.](https://stacker.news/gpvansat/posts) ### Announcing another Wandering w/ Purpose project As enthusiastic as we are about Bitcoin Nakawa, we have even more news to share with you. We love writing to you about our adventures on the road through Africa. We've received incredible feedback, and want to do everything we can to bring you along for the ride. This is why we are introducing an audio component to the Wandering w/ Purpose community. Sometimes you just can't replace hearing directly from the voices of the inspiring individuals we tend to meet. We want you to experience what we hear and feel. We want you to wander with us and feel inspired, too. So, without further ado, allow me to introduce Wandering w/ Purpose's newest project, [the Afrika Ascending Podcast.]() # [This is Afrika Ascending](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/s/afrika-ascending) I was drawn to Africa for a few reasons. I'm overflowing with gratitude because it wasn't long ago that I felt like this was a far away dream. Today, I spent the day hiking barefoot through villages and mangrove forests along an estuary here in Mozambique. I'm blessed. Nature is definitely a part of why I was drawn to Africa. I'm also exploring family roots and researching the state of money and technology on the continent. If it weren't for learning how to write online, I wouldn't have been able to blend these themes of my life into one grand adventure. To have the opportunity to explore Africa on my own terms has been a gift. ### A key lesson **After almost two years, I'm learning a key new lesson: to trust the flow and learn from the people around me.** Africa has it's own rhythm. If you don't roll with the punches, you're going to exhaust yourself very quickly. Its a challenging place. Many people struggle, but many have learned how to live a beautiful life here. I started wanting to find the people who have learned to flourish in Africa, and share what I learn from them. I've been leading my own adventure here. The motorcycle gave me the autonomy and practical means to explore across the expanses of Southern Africa. I needed to go rogue for a while. I needed to go "bush" to connect a part of myself with the land. Those days on the road are precious to me. It didn't matter if I connected with anyone during that time. Despite this, the road has always been a consistent source of colourful characters. Now I feel the drive to connect with people. Now I think I can spread some valuable knowledge and experiences. When we learn from each other, then we compound our ability to collaborate and build community. As a community, I think we can help a lot of people. This is why I started [Wandering w/ Purpose,](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/) and this is why we started the Afrika Ascending Podcast. I'm just one among many who have a vision for how life can flourish in Africa. I typically meet visionary people out of serendipity, teaching me a lot about myself and about how I can improve my skills for life in this world. I think our conversations can be of interest to you. **There's also one question I like to ask my guests. What is the most important thing Africa needs to succeed?** You might be surprised by what people say... Sometimes Africa can make me feel like abundance is 1000 years away, but some days I feel like it's just around the corner. Living day by day is the name of the game in Africa, but I can't help but overflow with optimism at times. The inspiring people on our podcast keep my optimism topped up. I hope they can do the same for you. Earlier this week I sent the [first episode of the Afrika Ascending Podcast](https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/revolutionary-beginnings-in-mozambique) to all our free Wandering w/ Purpose subscribers. I hope everyone received it fine and was able to have a listen. All free subscribers get one free preview of the podcast, but please consider upgrading your subscription for access to our full collection of conversations. On that note, we will soon be announcing a special new offer, and our free subscribers are going to be the first to hear about it. We want to do what we can to get you involved, so we hope you like what we come up with ;) We hope to have you along on our adventure and invite you to wander with us and feel inspired. This is Wandering w/ Purpose, this is Afrika Ascending. G P.s. I'm not a big fan of subscriptions so I would rather offer one up-front payment (discount if paid in Bitcoin) for lifetime access to our content. Any comments on this would be highly appreciated. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/739605

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

A loja Aurora vem com um excelente design, interface de usuário amigável para iniciantes e muitos recursos. A loja Aurora foi originalmente baseada na loja Yalp de Sergei Yeriomin, mas a versão 3.0 passou do zero para a conclusão seguindo o Material Design reescrito para rodar em todos os dispositivos Android 5.0. Dentre as diversas características oferecidas pela Aurora Store, destacam-se: - Login Anônimo: Para garantir sua privacidade, você pode fazer login anonimamente, assegurando que suas atividades permaneçam confidenciais. - Login do Google: Além do anonimato, a opção de login do Google permite acessar aplicativos pagos e instalar versões beta. - Falsificação de Dispositivo: Caso um aplicativo não esteja disponível para o seu dispositivo, você pode recorrer à funcionalidade de falsificação de dispositivo, permitindo a instalação. - Filtragem de Aplicativos F-Droid: A possibilidade de filtrar aplicativos do F-Droid evita que eles apareçam em sua lista de atualizações. - Aplicativos na Lista Negra: Ao adicionar aplicativos à lista negra, você mantém o Google no escuro quanto aos aplicativos instalados. A loja de aplicativos se apresenta com um design clássico, apresentando uma capa de apps e jogos em destaque, proporcionando um visual convidativo. A aba de aplicativos instalados permite uma gestão mais eficiente, possibilitando atualizações automáticas para a versão mais recente disponível. A busca por aplicativos é facilitada por categorias que abrangem diversos interesses, como fotografia, música e áudio, compras, personalização, livros e quadrinhos, entre outras. A eficaz função de busca permite localizar aplicativos específicos de maneira rápida e fácil. A Aurora Store se diferencia pela tecnologia de pesquisa única, agilizando a descoberta de aplicativos em questão de segundos. Além disso, a loja vem com a licença GPLv3, reforçando seu compromisso com o software livre. Privacidade é um foco central da Aurora Store, sendo considerada uma excelente alternativa para quem preza por manter suas informações pessoais protegidas. O aplicativo suporta contas pessoais e permite downloads com contas anônimas, assegurando que suas atividades não estejam vinculadas a você. Com a integração do Exodus, a Aurora Store verifica rastreadores presentes nos códigos dos aplicativos, proporcionando uma visão mais transparente das informações coletadas. O aplicativo se destaca por ser livre de anúncios e pop-ups, proporcionando uma experiência de uso mais limpa. O suporte ao modo escuro oferece conforto visual em ambientes com pouca luz ou durante a noite. A Aurora Store é uma alternativa valiosa à Google Play Store, oferecendo um ambiente mais privado, recursos robustos e um design elegante que visa aprimorar a experiência do usuário em busca e gerenciamento de aplicativos. https://github.com/whyorean/AuroraStore https://f-droid.org/packages/com.aurora.store/ https://gitlab.com/AuroraOSS/AuroraStore/-/releases

@ a10260a2:caa23e3e

It seems like blogstack is meant to replace Substack if not already apparent by the name. If that's the case, it's already better in a few ways. ### 1. Hit the ground running I'm already getting started out of the gate with more readers than I would have if I just started a Substack. This, of course, is due to the fact that I'm creating on top of a protocol where I'm able to have the same audience across *all* clients of that protocol. This is in stark contrast to the legacy apps from centralized entities where you have to corral your audience from one platform to the next. ### 2. Readers need not subscribe Technically, if you're following me, you're subscribed. But you don't have to subscribe for a set price and amount of time (e.g. $5/month or $50/year). I believe this is a win for both of us as I can write my best notes and you can choose to reward me as you see fit. Value 4 value. ### 3. More conducive to conversation Writing on Substack felt like writing into a void, with little to no feedback. A post shows up in my readers' inbox and I'll see some stats on whether it was opened or not. That's it. Based on what I've seen so far, blog posts created on Nostr appear in the client apps (e.g Damus, Primal, and Plebstr) as just another note, but with nice formatting and such. From there, I can receive zaps, shakas, comments, and even be reposted. This is just the beginning. Right now, I'm using blogstack. But what's to stop me from using another tool down the line? I'll have the ability to do so by simply connecting my private key. Can't wait to see what new tools are created in the future. Bullish on #Nostr

@ a10260a2:caa23e3e

> A zero-dependency, zero-framework QR code web component for Bitcoin on-chain, Lightning, and unified BIP-21 payments. Just discovered this tool by nostr:npub18agram6s6kulwwhc638d8q8y5vysutrrvvdll2wdjxd75wp4dfjqshytrf and found it to be very useful. Also, did I mention easy-to-use? You can find the GitHub [here](https://github.com/thebrandonlucas/bitcoin-qr) and a demo I made (complete with a function to check for payment) on the [Bullish Prototype](https://bullishprototype.vercel.app/bitcoin-qr.html). 👨‍💻  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/737255

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Howdy Stackers, We're going to be recording our third episode in a couple of days and want to hear from you about possible topics to discuss. We have ongoing and upcoming pools and challenges for The World Series, UEFA, Cricket, NFL, and NBA, plus the recently held Frozen Frenzy. We also have some NBA games to overreact to. Let us know what you've been paying attention to in the world of sports. The Stacker Sports Podcast is for stackers, by stackers. In case you missed it, here's the episode two post: https://stacker.news/items/732486/r/Undisciplined. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/738900

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

https://whosaidit.vercel.app/  I made a quiz for you. Let me know if you have any feedback. Please don't share your results or any spoilers here. I've already had some...uh...let's call if fun...sharing with friends and family. Much to @DarthCoin and many other stackers' chagrin, the purpose of this is not to convince people not to vote, although that may be the affect for some. I'm just trying to challenge people's thinking. Also, it would be really easy for me to change any of the content. Let me know if you have feedback. I want to make this as effective and accurate as possible. https://whosaidit.vercel.app/ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/738766

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Last year, I devised a sports betting strategy that I believed had demonstrably positive expected returns, based on the particular betting mechanism at [freebitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722) (details here https://stacker.news/items/342765/r/Undisciplined). After one year and over 500 wagers, I'm up almost 40k with this approach, despite still having about 40k in outstanding bets. Assuming those outstanding bets only break even, that's about 80k in winnings. I realize that may not sound like much for a year's worth of effort, but I started small until I was confident in the methodology. For those interested in following this approach, I'll start making entries with the RBOA suggested wager distributions. Here are today's: | Outcome 1 | Outcome 2 | Outcome 3 | Bet Share 1 | Bet Share 2 | Bet Share 3 | |--------------|--------------|-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------| | Bournemouth | Man City | Draw | 17% | 61% | 22% | | Liverpool| Brighton | Draw | 68% | 14% | 18% | | Man United| Chelsea| Draw | 38% | 37% | 25% | | Newcastle| Arsenal| Draw | 27% | 49% | 24% | | Valencia| Real Madrid| Draw | 15% | 63% | 22% | | Sevilla| Real Sociedad| Draw | 34% | 35% | 31% | | Barcelona| Espanyol| Draw | 83% | 8% | 9% | | Atletico Madrid| Las Palmas| Draw | 79% | 6% | 15% | originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/738522

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

O Collabora Office é uma suíte de escritório baseada em código aberto que oferece uma alternativa viável e de qualidade ao popular pacote Office da Microsoft. Desenvolvido pela Collabora, uma empresa líder em serviços de consultoria e desenvolvimento de software de código aberto, o Collabora Office oferece uma gama completa de aplicativos de produtividade para a plataforma Android, incluindo processador de texto, planilha, apresentação e muito mais. Recursos e Funcionalidades. O Collabora Office oferece uma ampla gama de recursos e funcionalidades para dispositivos Android, comparáveis aos encontrados em outras suítes de escritório populares. Além das funcionalidades básicas, como criação e edição de documentos de texto, planilhas e apresentações, o Collabora Office suporta formatos de arquivo comuns, como o formato OpenDocument (ODF) e o formato do Microsoft Office (OOXML). Isso significa que você pode facilmente compartilhar e colaborar em documentos com usuários de outras suítes de escritório. Uma característica notável do Collabora Office para Android é a capacidade de edição colaborativa em tempo real. Vários usuários podem trabalhar simultaneamente em um documento, visualizando as alterações em tempo real. Isso torna a colaboração em equipe mais eficiente, permitindo que os membros trabalhem juntos em projetos sem a necessidade de trocar arquivos várias vezes. O Collabora Office para Android possui uma interface intuitiva e fácil de usar, projetada especificamente para dispositivos móveis. Isso garante uma experiência de usuário fluida e permite que os usuários aproveitem ao máximo os recursos e funcionalidades do aplicativo em seus smartphones ou tablets. Uma das principais vantagens do Collabora Office para Android é o fato de ser baseado em código aberto. Isso significa que o software é desenvolvido de forma transparente e está disponível para qualquer pessoa utilizar, estudar, modificar e distribuir. A natureza de código aberto do Collabora Office traz vários benefícios, incluindo: 1. Custos reduzidos: O Collabora Office para Android é gratuito para download e uso, eliminando a necessidade de licenças caras. Isso é particularmente atraente para pequenas empresas e usuários domésticos que buscam uma alternativa acessível ao pacote Office tradicional. 2. Personalização e flexibilidade: Como o código-fonte está disponível, desenvolvedores e usuários avançados podem personalizar e adaptar o Collabora Office para Android às suas necessidades específicas. Isso permite criar soluções personalizadas e integrar o software a outros sistemas e fluxos de trabalho existentes. 3. Segurança: Com a comunidade de código aberto constantemente analisando e auditando o software, eventuais vulnerabilidades de segurança são identificadas e corrigidas rapidamente. Além disso, os usuários podem ter maior confiança na privacidade de seus dados, uma vez que podem verificar como o software lida com as informações. O Collabora Office para Android é uma alternativa sólida e de código aberto ao pacote Office da Microsoft. Com recursos abrangentes, capacidade de edição colaborativa em tempo real e uma interface otimizada para dispositivos móveis, ele se tornou uma escolha popular entre empresas e usuários individuais que desejam uma solução de produtividade acessível e personalizável para seus dispositivos Android. Além disso, a natureza de código aberto do Collabora Office traz vantagens significativas, como custos reduzidos, flexibilidade e segurança aprimorada. Se você está em busca de uma alternativa confiável e gratuita ao pacote Office tradicional para Android, vale a pena considerar o Collabora Office como uma opção viável. https://www.collaboraoffice.com/ https://github.com/CollaboraOnline/online

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

[Check the part I here](https://stacker.news/items/735219) [Check the Part II here](https://stacker.news/items/736674) THIS IS a new era, where Emperors tried to dominate the religion for their own purposes and tried to use it to achieve unity but since the Pope have the faith authority, meant dissagreements from zero. The Popes begin to put structures and modernisation in the administration. 32. **Melquiades** [311-314] In the year 313, Constantine, the ruling emperor, declared freedom of conscience. He is remembered for his triumphal stance against the Donatists[^1], who dominated the African bishoprics. The Donatist and Catholic supporters met twice: at the Lateran Council and the Council of Arles, both times at the request of Donatus, and in both cases, the Church sided with the Pope. 33. **Sylvester I** [314-335] A Pope revered by all Churches: Catholic, Orthodox, Armenian, Lutheran, and Anglican. His actions as a bishop made him stand out, especially during the Council of Arles. By this time, Constantine had settled in Byzantium (future Constantinople) and ruled from there, not from Rome. The Emperor sought Roman unity in faith and was invited to the Council of Nicaea. This Pope is known for his defense of the faith and his opposition to Arianism[^2]. He also played a key role in commissioning the construction of the Basilica of St. John Lateran. 34. **Mark** [336] I didn’t find anything interesting. 35. **Julius I** [337-352] He was tasked with executing what was agreed upon at the Council of Nicaea but faced a disadvantage: the emperor, who had declared freedom of conscience, wanted to interfere in matters of faith. Constantius II, the emperor’s son, supported Arianism, contrary to the Pope's guidance, who had the ear of the other son, Constans. After Constans was assassinated, the emperor used his power and persecuted the Church. He attempted to place a Pope of his choosing (Felix), but public pressure prevented it. 36. **Liberius** [352-366] The emperor intended to divide the papacy between Felix (his preferred candidate) and Liberius, but neither the bishops nor the Roman people accepted it, so he had to abandon the idea. Moreover, the emperor lacked popular support for his Arian preference. There's not much to say about this Pope, except that he reversed the decrees made by Constantius at the Council of Rimini (361). Although Julian restored paganism after Constantius’ death, the Church returned to *normalcy*. 37. **Damasus** [366-384] He is the patron saint of archaeologists. He was the secretary and deacon of Liberius [36], dedicating his papacy to composing numerous works and modernizing the papal archives. During his papacy, he ordered an exhaustive review of the Bible, which he entrusted to his secretary, Saint Jerome. During this time, while the Bible was being reviewed, measures against the Arians continued, and he also condemned Apollinarism[^3] and Macedonianism[^4]. He promoted reforms to unify rites and worship, which laid the foundation for many ancient Catholic traditions we know today. He defended the primacy of Rome as the administrative seat for acts and decrees. Theodosius I urged all Romans to convert to the faith of Rome. 38. **Siricius** [384-399] Although Saint Jerome was the obvious candidate to succeed Peter’s throne, the bishops disliked his character and temperament, so they chose Siricius, who had good relations with Ambrose of Milan and Isidore of Seville. He consecrated the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls and appointed (Saint) Augustine as Bishop of Hippo. He laid the groundwork for monastic life and reaffirmed this lifestyle in honor of Cornelius [21], fearing that bishops might fall into opulence, which was becoming evident at the time. 39. **Anastasius** [399-401] He rejected Origen[^5] for considering his biblical commentaries too exaggerated. 40. **Innocent I** [401-417] He strongly opposed Donatism[^1] and Pelagianism[^6]. He intervened in the conflict between Theophilus, Patriarch of Constantinople and favored by Eudoxia, and John Chrysostom, a friend of his. This intervention complicated tensions between Constantinople and Rome. When Alaric the Goth attacked and sacked Rome for three days, Constantinople did nothing to help Rome, which was looted for three consecutive days. This worsened considering Alaric was an Arian[^2]. After this event, Rome began to gain independence, and the Pope expanded his influence over the Western Roman Empire. And from now on...the Pope will start a fight that will last centuries with Constantinople. But that's another thing for the next chapter. [^1]: Ecclesiastical doctrine promoted by Donatus, asserting the absolute intransigence of those who had renounced their faith during times of persecution. They were extremists in matters of faith and honor purity, to the point of considering the Church immoral, and their greatest sin: going against the Roman Empire. The Church rejected this doctrine, affirming that the priestly authority of the sacraments was valid and did not depend on the morality of the one administering them. This was confirmed at Arles (314). [^2]: Arius preached that Jesus was a man and not God, meaning he did not share the same nature. This implied that God the Father is eternal, but Jesus is not. [^3]: A doctrine led by Apollinaris the Younger, a bishop who taught that Christ was never human. Christ, the spirit, was always divine, never human. Christ was a soul in a body without rationality. It was condemned because it denied the nature of human redemption, and by denying Christ a human mind, humanity would be reduced to mere puppets of God. [^4]: Promoted by Macedonius, Patriarch of Constantinople, it claimed that the Father and the Son were the divinity of Jesus Christ but not the Holy Spirit. This thesis was rejected, as the Spirit of God is immutable and lives within God the Father and God the Son, being indivisible. Without the *Spirit of God*, there is no figure of the Holy Trinity. [^5]: Origen of Alexandria was an early Christian theologian who wrote over 2,000 theological works. Although his works are considered historical cornerstones, they were rejected because he viewed Christ as a fusion of the soul with the human being rather than a unity, and he claimed that Christ was not free from sin, a cornerstone of redemptive theory. [^6]: Pelagianism, a doctrine promoted by the philosopher Pelagius, argued that original sin did not taint human nature and that through free will, humans could achieve perfection. Initially defended by Augustine of Hippo, he later became the doctrine’s main opponent, affirming that if original sin did not exist in man, God's divine grace had no preeminence, and we would all be sinners. In the humility of seeing ourselves as such, God forgives offenses against Him and ourselves. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/738294

@ 1bda7e1f:bb97c4d9

### Tldr - Nostr relays help users post and read notes on the network - Relay operators have launched a variety of relays for you to use - You too can launch your own relay for any reason you like - Launching your own relay gives you a lot of power in how you use Nostr - Many relay softwares exist for you to use - I launched a personal relay using HAVEN relay software on my VPS - I am now more in control of saving notes, cutting spam, and protecting my privacy - My personal relay is now hosted at relay.rodbishop.nz ### What are Nostr Relays Anyway? When you're a user of a social network, you post and read notes from other users on the network. In a centralised network like Twitter or Instagram the company's servers receive all user's notes and relay them to other users. On Nostr, there is no single company's servers to relay messages, so instead the task is taken up by relay operators. Anyone can be a relay operator and they can run a relay for any purpose. When you start using Nostr you will usually be connected to any one of a number of "public" relays, and be able to post and receive notes from users on the network via these. Configuring these relays can tailor your experience somewhat–for example the client Nostrudel allows you to select from Western or Japanese relay set. It is also possible to set up your own relay to use for your own purposes. All kinds of people have launched relays for all kinds of purposes. For example, to: - Power your own client - Support your community - Run a for-profit relay business - Relay a certain a type of content you need - Back up your own notes, decrease spam, or increase privacy - Curate your own social feed with your own algorithm #### Relay instances available to connect with Today is an interesting time in relay-ops. The evolution of the technology has inspired users to experiment with diverse types of relays tailored to various needs. As a result there are very many relay instances in operation and available to connect with. A few sites try to collate which relays are in operation, like [nostr.info](https://nostr.info/relays/) and [xport.top](https://relays.xport.top/) and [sesseor's relay list](https://github.com/sesseor/nostr-relays-list/blob/main/relays.txt) . These lists are long (Sessor's list counted 2,500+ relays) and it's not clear to me whether it's even possible to be comprehensive as relays may join or leave the network all the time. Broadly speaking, relays might be available for different users to use in different ways: - A relay where anyone can post, like [relay.damus.io](http://relay.damus.io) - A paid relay where anyone can post after payment, to cut spam, like [nostr.wine](http://nostr.wine) - A "web of trust" relay where anyone can post if they are related to the owner's social graph, to cut spam, like [nostrelites.org](http://nostrelites.org) - A speciality relay where a particular community can post, like [nostr.com.au](http://nostr.com.au) for #austriches (Australians) - A relay where anyone can post just specific content, like [purplepag.es](http://purplepag.es) for user profiles only - A team relay for your company or organisation only - A personal relay for your own personal use [Nostr.Band](https://stats.nostr.band/) shows which of these available relays are most popular, such as [relay.damus.io](http://relay.damus.io) and [nos.lol](nos.lol) and [eden.nostr.land](http://eden.nostr.land) #### Relay softwares for you to launch your own You may decide to launch you own relays, and if you do there are many different relay softwares to choose from: - Simple, like [Bucket](https://github.com/coracle-social/bucket) (<100 lines of code) - Widely used, like [Nostream](https://github.com/Cameri/nostream) (top ranked on Github) - Customisable, like [Khatru](https://khatru.nostr.technology/) (a framework for customised relays) - Specialised, like [HAVEN](https://github.com/bitvora/haven) or [Team Relay](https://github.com/bitvora/team-relay) (for personal or teams relays, based on Khartu) You can run these on your own server, or local machine, or [phone](https://github.com/greenart7c3/Citrine) or with a third-party host. [Aljaz](nostr:npub1aljazgxlpnpfp7n5sunlk3dvfp72456x6nezjw4sd850q879rxqsthg9jp) provides a [great resource](https://github.com/aljazceru/awesome-nostr?tab=readme-ov-file#relays) with 45+ relay softwares to choose from. In summary, at a high level, - Anyone can connect to any of the relay instances that are available for them to use - Anyone who wants to launch their own can select the relay software that best suit their needs, launch an instance, and have it used by whichever users they like ### Reasons to Run Your Own Relay As a normal user of a Nostr client there's no obligation to run a relay. But having your own relay does give you more power. For my own journey down the #nostr rabbit hole, I was looking for a relay to: - back up my notes - decrease spam - increase my privacy - learn skills I could later use for running a community or team or paid relay Backing up notes – When you post notes to a public relay there's no guarantee that the relay is going to keep them long-term. It's job is relaying your notes to other clients, not storing them. Running your own relay allows you to keep your notes online. Decrease spam – To first spam we can use a "Web of Trust" model–in which users endorse other users as trustworthy. A "Web of Trust" relay will reject notes from parties too far removed from your network. Running your own relay makes you more difficult to spam. Increasing privacy – When you connect to a public relay, they can determine personal information about you, such as your IP address. Running your own relay keeps things more private. For communities and teams and paid relays – Many opportunities exist to tailor relays to certain users needs, be they businesses or communities or as a for-profit business. For me, I am hoping that running my own relay helps me learn skills I can use in these kinds of further ventures. To start I decided to focus on a personal relay. However, when I really got under the hood, it turned out I would need multiple relays not just one. #### The outbox model [Mike Dilger](nostr:npub1acg6thl5psv62405rljzkj8spesceyfz2c32udakc2ak0dmvfeyse9p35c) proposed [the outbox model](https://mikedilger.com/gossip-model/) (originally called the gossip model) as a way for users to engage with the wider Nostr network. It's a great model that is helpful to understand, as it suggests to establish different relays for different purposes. Many clients and relay softwares have now adopted and continued to elaborate on this model. An example is to run specialised relays for Outbox, Inbox, Chat and Private needs. **Outbox Relay (also called Home Relay)** - This relay is for notes you have written, so that everyone knows where to find your notes - In a set up where you are running your own, this relay is restricted so that only you can post to it, and you should set up your clients to post your notes to it - An advanced version may take any notes received to this relay and "blast" them to other public relays so that your notes get wider reach **Inbox Relay (also called Public Relay)** - This relay is for public notes that other users want you to see, so that you always find notes that are relevant to you, including all replies, comments, likes, and zap payments - In a set up where you are running your own, this relay is where you should look for notes relevant to you, and you should set up your clients to read from it - An advanced version may search other public relays for notes that tag you, and import them into this relay so that you never miss a relevant note **Chat Relay (also called Direct Message Relay)** - This relay is for private direct message notes from other users, so that you always find your direct messages and so that they stay private - In a set up where you are running your own, this relay is restricted so that only you can read from it, and you should set up your clients to read from it - An advanced version may cut spam by only accepting direct messages from other users within your Web of Trust **Private Relay** - This relay is for your private use only, so that you can store private drafts or thoughts - Only you can write to it and only you can read from it (and so, it is a bit mis-named as it does not actually relay anything to anywhere at all) - In a set up where you are running your own, it gives you true privacy for these notes **In summary as a user** - I post my notes to my outbox relay. Network users can read them there, and if the relay is advanced it will also blast the notes out to other relays on the network - I read from my inbox relay. Network users know to reach me there, and if the relay is advanced it will also bring me notes from the wider network - I can have private direct message conversations with others in my chat relay. - I can save private notes in my private relay For me, this model has a lot of appeal and I went looking for a personal relay which adopted this model and contained all of these features. #### HAVEN as a personal relay I decided to go with HAVEN relay software. HAVEN is all four of the above relays in one–outbox, inbox, chat and private. It contains advanced features like blasting your notes from outbox to other relays, importing notes from other relays to your inbox, and preventing spam with Web of Trust. [HAVEN](https://github.com/bitvora/haven) is written by [Utxo the Webmaster](nostr:npub1utx00neqgqln72j22kej3ux7803c2k986henvvha4thuwfkper4s7r50e8) . It is based upon the [Khatru](https://khatru.nostr.technology/) relay framework by [Fiatjaf](nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6) ### Setting up HAVEN as a Personal Relay I am mostly non-technical, but on my #Nostr journey I have been having success with technology set ups that use Docker. - I have a cheap VPS which currently runs [Albyhub and Phoneixd with Docker](nostr:naddr1qq34xet5w35kueedw4cz65rp09kk2mn5wvkk7m3dfehhxarj95mk7dnvwvmszythwden5te0dehhxarj9emkjmn99upzqx760c0h894a5tg7lxgr8k506twrv2qs0yxln0nz7kgs8zae03xeqvzqqqr4gua7fyfn), - My objective was to set up HAVEN to run alongside it, in a separate Docker on the same server. HAVEN does not include Docker by default, but [Sebastix](nostr:npub1qe3e5wrvnsgpggtkytxteaqfprz0rgxr8c3l34kk3a9t7e2l3acslezefe) published a [fork with Docker support](https://github.com/nostrver-se/haven/tree/docker_compose_support). To get HAVEN up and running in Docker on your VPS: 1. Clone and configure HAVEN with the right variables 2. Launch it in Docker on your VPS 3. Check the URLs and logs to see your HAVEN running 4. Configure a subdomain to point to the VPS 5. Configure the VPS to reverse proxy to the Docker port 6. Configure the relays in your favourite Nostr client 7. Post a note to your outbox and see if it blasts! #### Running HAVEN I cloned Sebastix fork to start. ``` git clone -b docker_compose_support https://github.com/nostrver-se/haven.git cd haven ``` The software sets up all environment variables in the `.env` file, and comes with an `.env.example` file. Duplicate and rename the file to `.env`. Within the `.env` file you need to set up the environment variables. The file is long but it contains lots of repetition and for the most part defaults can be retained–only a few changes are required: - Replace all instances of the default user npub with your own (for me, `npub1r0d8...`) - Change the default relay URL to your own (for me, `relay.rodbishop.nz`) - Replace all instances of the default name in the relay names (for me, "Rod's ...") - Replace all instances of the default profile image with your own To enable automatic blasting from your outbox, and importing to your inbox, the software comes with an example list of relays to blast and import from. See `relays_blastr.example.json` and `relays_import.example.json`. To use these features simply duplicate and rename these files to `relays_blastr.json` and `relays_import.json` respectively. Within these files you can specify the public relays of your choice. I simply used the default list. There are other features available, such as backups and initial imports, but I decided to handle these later. To start with I wanted to launch the relay and test it. To launch the relay run Docker Compose. ``` docker-compose up -d docker logs haven-relay ``` Then you should explore the logs in the command line and the ports in your browser to see if it launched successfully. The logs should show your web of trust has been built successfully and the browser should show simple landing pages. The logs should show that the relay has queried the network and built a web of trust from your followers. Mine looked as follows. ``` 2024/10/14 12:02:08 🌐 building web of trust graph 2024/10/14 12:02:16 🫂 total network size: 13296 2024/10/14 12:02:16 🔗 relays discovered: 335 2024/10/14 12:02:17 🌐 pubkeys with minimum followers: 9394 keys ``` Your browser should show you have four relays in operation, for example as follows. - `your_IP_address:3355` (your outbox or home relay) - `your_IP_address:3355/private` (your private relay) - `your_IP_address:3355/chat` (your direct message relay) - `your_IP_address:3355/inbox` (your inbox relay) That's it. Your relay is online. #### Connecting HAVEN Now all that remains is the plumbing to connect your domain, relay, and Nostr clients together. **Configure DNS** First, configure your domain. At a high level – 1. Get your domain (buy one if you need to) 2. Get the IP address of your VPS 3. In your domain's DNS settings add those records as an A record to the subdomain of your choice, e.g. `relay` as in `relay.your_domain_name.com`, or in my case `relay.rodbishop.nz` Your subdomain now points to your server. **Configure reverse proxy** Next, you need to redirect traffic from your subdomain to your relay at port `3355`. On my VPS I use Caddy as a reverse proxy for a few projects, I have it sitting in a separate Docker network. To use it for my HAVEN Relay required two steps. I am sure that the way I do this is not very elegant, but it worked. If you prefer a different method, the HAVEN readme also comes with instructions on how to perform a similar setup using nginx. For my method, my steps were as follows: 1. Add configuration to Caddy's `Caddyfile` to tell it what to do with requests for the `relay.rodbishop.nz` subdomain 2. Add the Caddy Docker network to the HAVEN `docker-compose.yml` to make it be part of the Caddy network For the addition to the `Caddyfile`, I used as follows: ``` relay.rodbishop.nz { reverse_proxy haven-relay:3355 { header_up X-Forwarded-For {remote} header_up X-Forwarded-Proto {scheme} header_up X-Forwarded-Port {server_port} } } ``` For the addition to the `docker-compose.yml`, I used as follows: ``` networks: - caddy # Added this line to services to connect to the Caddy network networks: caddy: external: true # Added this to section specify the Caddy network ``` Once your DNS configuration and reverse proxy setup are completed, you should now be able to access your Nostr client at `relay.your_domain_name.com`. For my set up, this was `relay.rodbishop.nz`. **Connecting your Nostr client** Most Nostr clients allow you to specify any relay you choose. My go-to client at the moment is Amethyst on Android. Amethyst allows you to specify discrete relays for each role in the outbox model which ties up very neatly with HAVEN. - In the sidebar, select Relays - For "Public Outbox/Home Relays" enter `relay.your_domain_name.com` - For "Public Inbox Relays" enter `relay.your_domain_name.com/inbox` - For "DM Inbox Relays" enter `relay.your_domain_name.com/chat` - For "Private Home Relays" enter `relay.your_domain_name.com/private` - Click Save to broadcast your new relays to the Nostr network. Your new relay configuration is now live. **Testing your relay** Lastly, it's time to test. Amethyst provides a simple method to test this as it allows you to configure the relays used on each post. - Create a test note, and then before you post it, edit your relays using the icon at the top - Turn off all relays except your own outbox relay, and post the note - Access your HAVEN docker logs with `docker logs haven-relay` and see if there is a log to indicate if the note was received and blasted to other public relays - Copy the `nevent` of the note, and attempt to find it in another client If you're in luck, you may see something like this (the blasted note, and then users on the network responding to the note in turn). ``` 2024/10/22 00:12:23 🔫 blasted 95c477af7e6b612bf5d1d94309d2d57377a0a67d2181cfbb42a2e3fbc0feeaaf to 26 relays 2024/10/22 00:13:50 🤙 new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:14:42 🫂 new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:14:45 ✅ new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:15:12 💜 new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:17:03 ✅ new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:17:03 🫂 new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:17:55 🫂 new reaction in your inbox 2024/10/22 00:19:02 📰 new note in your inbox ``` That's it. If you followed this successfully your personal relay is up and running. #### What I did wrong so you don't have to **My first relay was too public** This blog comes after much trial and error. The first error I made was I set up a relay to use as a personal relay, but without any restrictions on use. I very quickly found other people discovered and started using my relay to save their own notes! This was unintended and I had to take it down. **Unfamiliar with Go language** I am mostly non-technical, and completely unfamiliar with Go. I got the project up and running with Go on my localhost–with a lot of help from my AI–but I then completely failed in migrating this to my VPS. Moving to Docker made the difference for me here. **I failed a few times due to a messy folder** After messing with Go, I moved to the Docker setup, but I started my work from a messy folder which contained remnants of the Go build, which caused various failures. Deleting the folder and cloning again from scratch solved the issue. **Trouble with Nostr.wine** I subscribe to the Nostr.wine paid relay, and I initially added it to the list of relays in my blaster. However, it didn't work, and the logs showed an error as follows ``` CLOSED from wss://nostr.wine: 'auth-required: this relay only serves private notes to authenticated users' ``` It seems my npub's subscription to Nostr.wine is not enough for it to permit my relay to blast notes to it. In the end, I removed Nostr.wine from my relay config, and kept Nostr.wine as a separate entry in my Client's outbox settings. **Failed to create web of trust graph** When I first launched the relay on my VPS, HAVEN failed to complete the Web of Trust graph, with a log that looked as follows (note the zeroes). As a result, no one would have been able to send me DM's to my Chat relay (it would flag every message as spam). ``` 2024/10/14 12:02:08 🌐 building web of trust graph 2024/10/14 12:02:16 🫂 total network size: 0 2024/10/14 12:02:16 🔗 relays discovered: 0 2024/10/14 12:02:17 🌐 pubkeys with minimum followers: 0 keys ``` I never got to the bottom of why this was. In the process of trying to fix it I rebuild the container, and on the rebuild it spontaneously worked. Accordingly my lesson learned is "if in doubt, turn if off and on again". **Failed to run --import function** HAVEN comes with a function to import all your old notes from other public relays to your own outbox relay. When I run it I get an error as follows: ``` panic: Cannot acquire directory lock on "db/private". Another process is using this Badger database. error: resource temporarily unavailable ``` I have yet to work out the solution for this, and will update this note when I do so! ### What's Next? Over the past four blogs I have - [Mined a Nostr pubkey and backed up the mnemonic](nostr:naddr1qqsy66twd9hxwtteda6hyt2kv9hxjare94g82cntv4uj6drfw4cxyeszyqda5lslwwttmgk3a7vsx0dgl5kuxc5pq7gdlxlx9av3qw9mjlzdjqcyqqq823c6e2ekw) - [Set up Nostr payments with a Lightning wallet plus all the bells and whistles](nostr:naddr1qq34xet5w35kueedw4cz65rp09kk2mn5wvkk7m3dfehhxarj95mk7dnvwvmsygqmmflp7uukhk3drmueqv763lfdcd3gzpusm7d7vt6ezquth97ymypsgqqqw4rsuql6je) - [Set up NIP-05 and Lighting Address at my own domain](nostr:naddr1qqyx2efcvy6rvcnrqyghwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnhd9hx2tczyqda5lslwwttmgk3a7vsx0dgl5kuxc5pq7gdlxlx9av3qw9mjlzdjqcyqqq823c634nh0) - Set up a Personal Relay at my own domain This feels like a very comprehensive personal set up now. Also, I have uncovered some new rabbit holes and feel like I have some projects to tackle. Perhaps one of these? - Set up a personal homepage with my Nostr feed to round-out my rodbishop.nz domain - Experiment with different signers like Amber and Nsec.app and NFC cards - Set up a paid relay for #austriches (Australians and Kiwis on Nostr) - Set up a team relay to experiment with Nostr for business or community projects - Or something else ... ? Please be sure to let me know if you think there's another Nostr topic you'd like to see me tackle. Pura vida Nostr.

@ c3f12a9a:06c21301

# **Destination: Medieval Venice, 1100 AD** *How did Venice build its trade empire through collaboration, innovation, and trust in decentralized networks?* --- ## **Venice: A City of Merchants and Innovators** In medieval times, Venice was a symbol of freedom and prosperity. Unlike the monarchies that dominated Europe, Venice was a republic – a city-state where important decisions were made by the Council of Nobles, and (the Doge, the elected chief magistrate of Venice who served as a ceremonial head of state with limited power), not an absolute ruler. Venice became synonymous with innovative approaches to governance, banking, and trade networks, which led to its rise as one of the most powerful trading centers of its time. --- ### **Decentralized Trade Networks** The success of Venice lay in its trust in decentralized trade networks. Every merchant, known as a **patrician**, could freely develop their trade activities and connect with others. While elsewhere trade was often controlled by kings and local lords, Venetians believed that prosperity would come from a free market and collaboration between people. Unlike feudal models based on hierarchy and absolute power, Venetian trade networks were **open** and based on **mutual trust**. Every merchant could own ships and trade with the Middle East, and this decentralized ownership of trade routes led to unprecedented prosperity. --- ### **Story: The Secret Venetian Alliance** A young merchant named **Marco**, who inherited a shipyard from his father, was trying to make a name for himself in the bustling Venetian spice market. In Venice, there were many competitors, and competition was fierce. Marco, however, learned that an opportunity lay outside the traditional trade networks – among **small merchants** who were trying to maintain their independence from the larger Venetian patricians. Marco decided to form an alliance with several other small merchants. Together, they began to share ships, crew costs, and information about trade routes. By creating this informal network, they were able to compete with the larger patricians who controlled the major trade routes. Through **collaboration** and shared resources, they began to achieve profits they would never have achieved alone. In the end, Marco and his fellow merchants succeeded, not because they had the most wealth or influence, but because they trusted each other and worked together. They proved that small players could thrive, even in a market dominated by powerful patricians. Satoshi ends his journey here, enlightened by the lesson that even in a world where big players exist, trust and collaboration can ensure that the market remains free and open for everyone. --- ## **Venice and Trust in Decentralized Systems** Venice was a symbol of how **decentralization** could lead to prosperity. There was no need for kings or powerful rulers, but instead, trust and collaboration among merchants led to the creation of a wealthy city-state. Venice demonstrated that when people collaborate and share resources, they can achieve greater success than in a hierarchical system with a single central ruler. --- ## **A Lesson from Venice for Today's World** Today, as we think about the world of Bitcoin and decentralized finance (DeFi), Venice reminds us that trust among individuals and collaboration are key to maintaining independence and freedom. Just as in Venice, where smaller merchants found strength in collaboration, we can also find ways to keep the crypto world decentralized, open, and fair. --- ## **Key** | Term | Explanation | |------|-------------| | Doge | The elected chief magistrate of Venice who served as a ceremonial head of state with limited power. | | Patrician | A member of the noble class in Venice, typically involved in trade and governance. | | Decentralized Finance (DeFi) | A financial system that does not rely on central financial intermediaries, instead using blockchain technology and smart contracts. | originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/737232

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I'm hoping someone can help me trouble shoot a problem I'm having. I have two private channels with lots of inbound liquidity on my Alby Hub node, but I'm not receiving sats to the wallet through them. I opened a public channel to Stacker News, which has been receiving sats. The problem is that I run out of inbound liquidity on that channel pretty fast. What might be going on with my private channels that prevents routes from being found? How do I troubleshoot this sort of thing? And, what can I do to fix it? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/737200

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

##### _Welcome back to our weekly `JABBB`, **Just Another Bitcoin Bubble Boom**, a comics and meme contest crafted for you, creative stackers!_ If you'd like to learn more, check our welcome post [here](https://stacker.news/items/480740/r/Design_r). - - - ### This week sticker: `Bitcoin Students Network` You can download the source file directly from the [HereComesBitcoin](https://www.herecomesbitcoin.org/) website in [SVG](https://www.herecomesbitcoin.org/assets/Flower-god.svg) and [PNG](https://www.herecomesbitcoin.org/assets/Flower-god.png).  ### The task > Starting from this sticker, design a comic frame or a meme, add a message that perfectly captures the sentiment of the current most hilarious take on the Bitcoin space. You can contextualize it or not, it's up to you, you chose the message, the context and anything else that will help you submit your comic art masterpiece. > Are you a meme creator? There's space for you too: select the most similar shot from the gifts hosted on the [Gif Station](https://www.herecomesbitcoin.org/) section and craft your best meme... Let's Jabbb! - - - If you enjoy designing and memeing, feel free to check our [JABBB archive](https://stacker.news/Design_r#jabbbs--just-another-bitcoin-bubble-boom--comic--meme-contests) and create more to spread Bitcoin awareness to the moon. Submit each proposal on the relative thread, bounties will be distributed next week together with the release of next JABBB contest. ₿ creative and have fun! - - - originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/736536

@ a853296a:209e695f

**👋 Howdy fellow stackers & cowboys!** We've been head down for a while and we're excited today to announce a new AI application called [Jamie](https://cascdr.xyz/?tab=jamie). **⚡ In 3 clicks,** Jamie can take any audio or video file, transcribe it and instantly churn out AI generated content like blog posts, summaries or social media captions!  ## 🛠️ How Jamie Works ### 📝 Step 1 Upload or provide the link to the file:  ### 🎯 Step 2 Choose the prompt to generate content (or skip to just transcribe). You have 9 default options including creating your own Custom Prompt:  ### ✏️Optional: Customize the Prompt/Give More Context It can help to tweak the prompt to your needs or provide more information to the LLM about what exactly you've uploaded  ### ⏳ Step 3: Await the Result After about one minute your result will appear. In this case, I chose to make a blog post based on the [CASCDR Startup Day Talk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJv2McQnX6I) :  ### 📜 Transcript & Job History We are moving toward a paradigm of making it easier to reuse content and combine them with other tools. With the Blog Post job shown above, I can always go back to the original transcript and quickly make other content like social media posts, summaries or even translations with follow up prompts.  ## 🚀 Future Plans - Expand and continually improve on Jamie's capabilities. Our goal is to make Jamie a great assistant for all things media pre-production, post-production and even research! Please hit us with feedback as we pursue that goal. - Make it easier to switch between local file analysis and analysis of published podcast rss feeds [like we did in the RSS Agent](https://cascdr.xyz/?tab=yt-agent) - Make other services follow this Job History + interoperability paradigm so we live up to our name of cascading services! - Teaser: we are the proud owners of pullthatupjamie.ai. We plan to make the most out of that and provide you with great AI enhanced researching tools. This new tool to be announced will provide unparalleled utility, convenience and privacy aligned with our other applications **🧡 If you made it this far, thank you for your time and attention.**. Check out our bitcoin payable services and apps at https://cascdr.xyz Cheers. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/736898

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

To read about the first [20 popes, click here](https://stacker.news/items/735219). In the first stage, we found Popes who focused on promoting the administrative and operational structuring of the Church. In the work of the following Popes, this ecclesial structuring continues but under the constant oppression of certain Roman emperors. Despite this, we see some Popes overcoming the situation, managing to save not only the theological aspect but also the administrative one, making it clear that bishops must unite under one Church. Various heresies began to spread from all sides, and the Popes responded accordingly. 21. **Cornelius** [251-253] During a time of persecution and turmoil, this Pope took a 180º turn by readmitting Christians into the Church after a public apology. It’s important to remember that the persecution in Rome was fierce, and many renounced their faith to save their lives. A key point is that this Pope rightfully stated that in the Church we are sinners called to holiness. Cornelius also encouraged people to live a pure life, far from worldly vices. He laid the groundwork for what would later become monasticism. He died as a martyr. 22. **Lucius I** [253-254] He took a step further than [21] by also readmitting Christians who had embraced paganism. There were two types: those who renounced their faith due to persecution and those who did so out of love for other religions. The condition? The Christian wishing to return had to prove their faith. This Pope did something particular: he segregated men and women into separate lives so that...passions wouldn't interfere with the work of Christians.  23. **Stephen I** [254-257] Continuing the work of [22], this Pope focused on combating common heresies of the time, taking advantage of the lull in persecution by the emperors during his papacy. In the years prior, bishops Basilides and Martial had purchased penitence. An appeal process was initiated, and they were ultimately expelled at the Council of Bishops of Hispania. He had many disagreements with Cyprian of Carthage (constructive ones), and to assert his opinion against the Novatianism movement, he is documented as the first Pope to use the verse Matthew 16:18, which says *And I tell you that you are Peter,[a] and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades[b] will not overcome it*; however, several bishops rejected this, arguing that all shared in the succession of Peter. Although it was Victor [14] who made decisions from Rome, this Pope used a modern monarchical structure to assert his rulings. After this event, the modern use of Pope became more aligned to Roman priesthood. 24. **Sixtus II** [257-258] Here, persecution resumed, this time under Valerian. This Pope is remembered for literally dying during a liturgical celebration. After him, Saint Lawrence met the same fate, but this time by being burned to death on a grill. 25. **Dionysius** [259-268] A good priest, a good Pope, who reorganized churches across the empire despite the ongoing persecution and the martyrdom of his predecessor. In the theological field, he took on the task of combating tritheism[^2], which was popular in his time as a consequence of Sabellian teachings. 26. **Felix I** [269-274] He took advantage of the *pause* in Christian persecution by Emperor Aurelian to hold masses. He is credited with being one of the Popes who paid the most attention to the work of martyrs. He also fought the heresy of Paul of Samosata[^1] through the institution of churches and constant preaching. 27. **Eutychius** [275-283] I didn’t find anything interesting to share. 28. **Caius** [283-296] This Pope is credited with developing the theological school, where during his pontificate, one could not become a bishop without first having been an ostiarius > lector > acolyte > exorcist > subdeacon > deacon > bishop. 29. **Marcellinus** [296-304] Persecution returned, and so did the deaths. This time much more brutal, as Galerius issued an edict confiscating the properties of all Christians, expelling them from the army, and desecrating and destroying temples and writings. The Donatists launched a...disinformation campaign against this Pope, accusing him of handing over sacred books to the Romans, a claim that was refuted by Augustine of Hippo. He died a martyr. 30. **Marcellus I** [308-309] The persecution was at its peak, but this Pope didn’t care and, like a true Chad, began to reorganize the Church administratively, leaving behind an enviable structure. He had encounters with the *lapsis*[^3] and upheld the thesis of his predecessors that, to be readmitted, they had to go through a process of penance, which cost him his papacy, as he died in exile by Roman orders. 31. **Eusebius** [309-310] His papacy was short, approximately four months. He dedicated this time to combating all known heresies mentioned above. The next era of Popes begins with the end of the persecution, so stay tight we'll continue in the next chapter... [^1]: Paul of Samosata taught that Jesus was born human and later, throughout his life, received the Logos or wisdom of God. In other words, that God from above controlled Jesus. This was later shown to have little consensus in synods of bishops, affirming that Father and Son are two natures in one person. He was promoted by Zenobia, ruler of Palmira. [^2]: Tritheism considered that Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were three distinct natures, three distinct persons, and therefore, three distinct gods. This doctrine was popular and consistent with the polytheism of the time. [^3]: Lapsis were people who renounced their Christian faith under Roman power following the edicts of Decius. They wanted to return to Christianity just like that. The Popes said no. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/736674

@ d76726da:5ce3e5fe

The Stacker News dev environment has 10x'd in the past 6 moths... sndev is ridiculously good. Congrats @k00b & @ek originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/736578

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Ele permite que os usuários descubram, baixem e instalem aplicativos em seus dispositivos Android sem depender da Google Play Store, que é a loja de aplicativos padrão do Android. História do F-Droid O F-Droid foi lançado em 2010 por um grupo de desenvolvedores liderados por Ciaran Gultnieks. A ideia por trás do projeto era criar uma alternativa de código aberto para a Google Play Store, que é uma plataforma centralizada controlada por uma única empresa. O F-Droid foi desenvolvido como um catálogo de aplicativos que só inclui aplicativos de código aberto que podem ser baixados e instalados gratuitamente. Desde o lançamento, o F-Droid cresceu significativamente e agora oferece mais de 3.500 aplicativos de código aberto para Android, com uma ampla gama de categorias, incluindo jogos, educação, produtividade, privacidade e segurança. O projeto é mantido por uma comunidade de desenvolvedores voluntários e é executado sem fins lucrativos. Os problemas que o F-Droid resolve O F-Droid resolve vários problemas associados à Google Play Store e outras lojas de aplicativos. O primeiro é o controle centralizado de uma única empresa. A Google Play Store pode remover aplicativos que violem suas políticas, e os desenvolvedores podem ser impedidos de distribuir aplicativos por meio da loja por motivos arbitrários. O F-Droid, por outro lado, é administrado por uma comunidade sem fins lucrativos e não há restrições sobre quais aplicativos podem ser incluídos no catálogo. Além disso, o F-Droid oferece uma alternativa para os usuários preocupados com a privacidade que não querem depender dos serviços da Google. O F-Droid é independente do Google Play Services e não rastreia os usuários ou coleta informações pessoais, tornando-se uma escolha atraente para aqueles que buscam maior privacidade. Por que usar o F-Droid? Há várias razões pelas quais você pode querer usar o F-Droid em vez da Google Play Store ou outras lojas de aplicativos. Aqui estão algumas delas: 1. Privacidade: Como mencionado anteriormente, o F-Droid é independente do Google Play Services e não rastreia os usuários. Isso significa que você pode baixar e instalar aplicativos sem se preocupar com a coleta de dados pessoais. 2. Segurança: O F-Droid oferece apenas aplicativos de código aberto e de software livre, o que significa que a comunidade pode examinar o código-fonte para garantir que não haja vulnerabilidades ou backdoors mal-intencionados. 3. Controle: O F-Droid permite que os usuários controlem seus próprios dispositivos Android e decidam quais aplicativos são instalados e atualizados. 4. Escolha: O F-Droid oferece uma ampla gama de aplicativos de código aberto e de software Também é importante observar que nem todos os aplicativos disponíveis no F-Droid são completamente livres de riscos. Portanto, é sempre recomendável ler cuidadosamente as informações sobre o aplicativo e avaliar os riscos antes de baixá-lo e instalá-lo. Aqui está o passo a passo para instalar o F-Droid em seu dispositivo Android: 1. Acesse o site oficial do F-Droid em https://f-droid.org/ usando um navegador da web no seu dispositivo Android. 2. Verifique a assinatura PGP do arquivo APK que você irá baixar. Para isso, clique no link "PGP Signature" abaixo do botão "Download F-Droid" na página inicial do site. Na página seguinte, baixe o arquivo "F-Droid.apk.asc" clicando no botão "Download". Baixe também a chave pública do desenvolvedor do F-Droid, clicando no link "PGP key of F-Droid release signing key" na mesma página. É importante verificar a assinatura antes de prosseguir com a instalação. 3. Clique no botão "Download F-Droid" para baixar o arquivo APK. 4. Abra o arquivo APK baixado em seu dispositivo Android. Se você não sabe como abrir o arquivo, vá até o gerenciador de arquivos do seu dispositivo e encontre o arquivo APK que acabou de baixar. Toque no arquivo e siga as instruções na tela para instalar o aplicativo. 5. Se aparecer uma mensagem de alerta informando que a instalação de aplicativos de fontes desconhecidas está desativada, vá até as configurações de segurança do seu dispositivo e habilite a opção "Fontes desconhecidas". Isso permitirá que você instale aplicativos de fora da Google Play Store. 6. Clique em "Instalar" e aguarde a instalação ser concluída. 7. Após a instalação, abra o aplicativo F-Droid e aguarde a inicialização do repositório de aplicativos. 8. Pronto! Agora você pode navegar e baixar aplicativos do F-Droid em seu dispositivo Android. O F-Droid oferece uma ampla variedade de aplicativos de código aberto e de software livre, e todos são gratuitos para baixar e usar. Você pode usar o F-Droid como uma alternativa à Google Play Store se estiver preocupado com privacidade, segurança ou controle de seus próprios dispositivos Android. https://github.com/f-droid

@ c3f12a9a:06c21301

**Destination: Medieval Iceland, 930 AD** *What lead almost 100 years old decentralized grouping of Icelandic settlers to start centralization and what we can learn from it in modern days?* ***The Icelandic Commonwealth and the Danger of Centralized Power*** In 930 AD, Iceland underwent a pivotal moment in its history. After nearly a century of living without kings, formal government, or centralized authority, the Icelanders decided to establish a parliament—***Alþing***. **Iceland Before 930 AD** Iceland was settled in the 9th century, primarily by Norse settlers seeking to escape the *rule of kings* in Norway. This new land, with its rugged landscape filled with volcanoes, hot springs, and vast uninhabited plains, offered refuge to those who desired ***freedom and independence*** For almost a ***hundred*** years, Icelanders lived without a formal state. Society was organized around family ties and personal agreements. Power was decentralized, divided among various ***goðar***—chieftains or leaders of local communities. These goðar were not rulers but intermediaries in disputes and protective patrons of their followers. People turned to them for help negotiating peace or resolving conflicts, but there was no ***central*** authority to impose laws or collect taxes. This system of ***personal responsibility*** and mutual aid was the cornerstone of Icelandic society. If conflicts arose, they were resolved through negotiation between individuals or families. Many Icelanders took pride in maintaining order without the need for a centralized state. By 930 AD, Iceland thrived on its simple way of life. Its inhabitants sustained themselves through fishing, herding, and trade. Farms sprouted across the country, often miles apart, and people were accustomed to self-sufficiency. The distance between settlements and the harsh terrain made travel difficult, further reinforcing the need for local relations and decentralized governance. However, this decentralized way of life was ***not without problems***. As the population grew and wealth began to concentrate in the hands of some ***agressive*** goðar, disputes became more frequent. Personal conflicts between powerful families sometimes escalated into ***violence***, which started to affect entire communities. In this context, the idea of a formal parliament—Alþing—began to take shape as a way to maintain peace and resolve these disputes. **Alþing** The Alþing is one of the oldest parliamentary institutions in the world, established in 930 AD in Iceland. It served as a national assembly where chieftains, known as goðar, and free men gathered at ***Þingvellir*** to settle disputes, create laws, and maintain social order. The Alþing functioned as both a legislative and judicial body, where people could present grievances and seek resolutions. Although there was no centralized ruler, the Alþing became a key institution for organizing Icelandic society and resolving conflicts through a legal framework rather than violence. While this was seen by many as a step towards civilizing the resolution of disputes, some feared that this move would lead to the loss of the freedom that Icelandic settlers had cherished for so long. **The Story: A Family’s Loss in the Shadow of the Alþing** The story begins with ***Úlfljótur***, a man sent to Norway to study its laws. Úlfljótur believed that Iceland needed a better way to resolve disputes among powerful goðar and maintain peace. After years of studying abroad, he returned with a legal system that would form the basis of the Alþing. Úlfljótur joined forces with his half-brother, ***Grímur Geitskör***, who was tasked with finding a suitable location for the assembly. After a long search, Grímur discovered the wide plains of ***Þingvellir***, a dramatic landscape that proved ideal for public gatherings. While many Icelanders, especially the powerful goðar, welcomed the establishment of the Alþing as a means to maintain order, one of them ***Hallr the Saylor*** was almost in agonia. He saw an opinion how to become even more stronger. But not everyone was in agreement. ***Hrafna-Flóki Vilgerðarson***, the legendary explorer who had discovered Iceland and given it its name, was deeply skeptical. Flóki, who had made his living fishing and trading with other settlers, had always relied on unwritten rules of mutual respect and honest dealings among free people. The idea of a ***centralized*** parliament filled him with distrust. ***Hallr the Saylor*** visited Flóki with asking to go to on his side with asking and Flóki asks *“Why should we need laws crafted by a few men far from our homes?”* Flóki asked during a public gathering. *“Iceland has been a free land where every man governs his own affairs. What will Alþing bring, other than power for those who crave to rule?”* ***Hallr the Saylor*** he says *because it will help mostly the people he cares about and it will make the community thrive and that's what we're all about* And unfortunately, that kind of faking was enough for ***Saylor*** to convince the naive Flóki **Drama at Þingvellir: The Hidden Agenda of the Goðar** **Fateful night** In 930, the first Alþing was convened. The goðar, including Úlfljótur and other powerful chieftains, gathered at Þingvellir to establish a legal framework for resolving disputes. Hrafna-Flóki did not attend the assembly, but his grandson, young ***Þorleifur***, traveled in secret to witness what was happening. Behind the scenes, Þorleifur discovered that some goðar, especially ***Hallr the Saylor*** (fictional character created for drama), were planning to use the Alþing to strengthen their own power. Rather than serving as a tool for fairness, the parliament was becoming a mechanism for a ***few individuals*** as Saylor to consolidate wealth and influence. Hallr the Saylor, in particular, was positioning himself to control key disputes and resources of sound like food and water. On the day the Alþing was founded, the assembly was celebrated as a triumph of cooperation. But Þorleifur saw the truth—it was the beginning of a subtle yet devastating shift in power. Although no king sat on a throne, the seeds of ***monopolistic rule*** had been planted. Returning home, Þorleifur confronted his grandfather, Flóki, with what he had learned. Flóki, a man who had always trusted in the integrity of Icelandic society, was heartbroken. On the other side of Iceland were Úlfljótur returning home after that Alþing surprisingly heartbroken too. He realized too late that the Alþing, which he suggested to preserve peace, had laid the foundation for centralized control. It was allready late to do something and that is where Satoshi ending his travel to Medival Iceland and he’s going back to home, enlightened by mistakes of settlers. **Conclusion: Iceland’s Lesson for Today** The founding of the Alþing was a milestone in Iceland’s history, but it also serves as a reminder of how ***quickly*** power can be centralized into the hands of a few. While Icelandic settlers had survived for almost a century without a formal government, the Alþing symbolized the beginning of ***centralized power***, which would later have serious consequences for Icelandic society. The lesson for us today is clear: centralization of power—whether in legal or financial systems—can easily lead to the erosion of personal freedom. In today’s Bitcoin ecosystem, we see figures like ***Michael Saylor***, who resemble the powerful chieftains of Medieval Iceland, using the legal framework of the Alþing to consolidate their power. Although Saylor’s large purchases of Bitcoin might not seem harmful at first, the danger lies in his potential to use Bitcoin’s strength to support centralized systems with monopolistic control. Just as the Alþing, originally intended in good faith, it was eventually used by a few to dominate Icelandic society, Bitcoin’s decentralized promise could also be hijacked. If influential figures like Saylor push for solutions that favor centralization within Bitcoin’s infrastructure, they risk undermining its core values. What started as a tool for financial freedom could quickly become another system controlled by a select few, leading to the same monopolistic dominance that Bitcoin was meant to resist. **Just don’t sell your coins to Saylor!** originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/735970

@ 35f3a26c:92ddf231

https://image.nostr.build/d9a16c4ae85023410248d88cbd5885d376468b85e9e5d1e3e50aecf32dfd822c.png #### What is BOLT12 #### Bitcoin Lightning Network protocol BOLT12 is a proposed upgrade to the existing BOLT11 protocol, designed to enable re-usable payment requests, increased receiver privacy, and better censorship resistance. #### Background: #### BOLT11 was the previous version of the protocol, which has been widely used since its inception. . BOLT12 aims to address some of the shortcomings of BOLT11 and provide a more streamlined experience for users. #### Current Adoption: #### While BOLT12 is still in the development phase, there have been some early adopters and testers who have already implemented the new protocol: 1. ***Phoenix Wallet*** https://image.nostr.build/fd798202b6f6d7ad4e462eb5456e458a1b88b6fd882c472c3230eed378beab63.png From version 2.3.1 (Jul 3, 2024), Phoenix Wallet has introduced support for BOLT12, a Lightning Network specification that aims to improve payment requests and receiver privacy. Offers are the Lightning equivalent to a Bitcoin address: it's a reusable, static payment request that can be used for donation use cases, or to easily pay/get paid by your friends. Since BOLT12 is not yet well supported, Phoenix keep displaying a BOLT11 invoice by default. From version 2.3.3 (Jul 11, 2024) the wallet supports paying BIP353 DNS addresses. It allows users to have a user@domain email-like handle, which are much easier to share with friends or on social networks than a BOLT12 offer This wallet uses very innovative features and is, IMO, best in class of all the non custodial Lighting Network wallets, from the ones new to the technology to the most advanced. I always run the ***“mass adoption test”*** with a small sample of my family and friends that are not tech savvy and this wallet passed with flying colors, after the installation and without my assistance they managed to use the wallet to receive and send sats. 2. ***Zeus Wallet*** https://image.nostr.build/6e8b176dec133a1b412467dee0074bf14b7e8e8ce38cbaf5ca13eee2754bb48f.png ZEUS Wallet is a mobile Bitcoin wallet and * node management * app that offers full functionalities of a Bitcoin Lightning wallet. It enables users to make Bitcoin payments and manage their Lightning nodes from their mobile device This wallet does not pass the ***“mass adoption test”*** , the test users were not comfortable with the user interface neither understood most of the settings. For the advance users that manage their own nodes, this mobile wallet is best in class. > Adoption summary: > The widespread adoption is still awaited, as many users and merchants are yet to upgrade to the new protocol. #### PROS & CONS #### https://image.nostr.build/db35c2a028e9f740181daabe2deef4e707653fa2d82f1602086e0ac4b5ee84fd.png ***Pros:*** 1. Re-usable payment requests 2. Increased receiver privacy 3. Better censorship resistance ***Cons:*** 1. Complexity of implementation 2. Compatibility with older nodes and applications which could lead fragmentation #### Next Steps: #### Many developers are working to improve and implement the protocol ensuring a smooth transition. As the protocol is refined and tested, it is expected to become more widely adopted. Here the web addresses of few projects actively working on BOLT12: 1. https://ocean.xyz/ 2. https://zeusln.com/ 3. https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/pull/1551/files 4. https://twelve.cash/ 5. https://clams.tech/ 6. https://www.roygbiv.guide/ 7. https://www.ridethelightning.info/ 8. https://github.com/gudnuf/bolt12-covenant-zapper 9. https://lampo.devcrew.cc/ 10. https://github.com/urza/payto 11. https://strike.me/blog/bolt12-playground/ 12, https://phoenix.acinq.co/ 13. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/plasma-core-lightning-wallet/id6468914352 14. https://satsto.me/ 15. https://dplus.plus/offer 16. https://x.com/eltordev For updates, specs or to get involved with BOLT12, bookmark the main website: https://www.bolt12.org What are your thoughts about BOLT12? Did I missed any wallet that has implemented it already? Which one is your favorite wallet, custodial or non custodial, supporting BIP353 DNS addresses? originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/735926

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

# It's time to pull our own weight in hash  ## How it started Back in July, I wrote up [this post](https://stacker.news/items/629837) about my experience at the big Nashville conference. The TLDR is that most industrial miners don't put much thought into concerns about centralization when deciding what pool they mine with. This is a concern because the prevailing argument against centralization doomers has been that everybody will just switch pools if some pool starts to censure folks. This is clearly not true if those that control the hash aren't even thinking about such things. The ensuing discussion was not encouraging. Here are a few observations from stackers. >I imagine that most industrial miners are hyper-focused on maximizing profit and are not really all that focused on doing right by bitcoin, i.e. protecting against 51% attacks, routing to the "best" mining pool based on "ethics", etc. >Mining is the industry for people who literally have no ideas. It is the industry where the product to be delivered and its quantity is pre-ordained for eternity. It is more basic than the business of logging or mining for talc powder. It is no more interesting than janitorial or waste management services, yet is able to draw frenzy from identitarian bitcoiners, who ironically, dilute how special the transition that is upon us is. The desire for a simulacrum of the thing is an attack on the thing and a detraction from those who desire it sincerely. >Miners are their for the profit, or else they wouldnt be doing it. Many people are in bitcoin to make a profit, not to see it become the currency it deserves to be. There are others. Many of these comments have a tone of concern, which makes sense to me. Others seem to have a tone of, "boys will be boys. Let them play in the dirt. I like to do smarty-pants things." I'm not trying to pick on anybody's comment in particular, but the problem here is that these are the boys **securing the network!** This is like being an arborist who's really into leaf health because it's sophisticated and pretty, but not so much into root health. He may be sad to find his leaves looking a little sickly one day.  ## How it's going "Users of bitcoin should be viewing miners as an adversary." TLDR: bad The above quotation is the inspiration for this post and a direct quotation from a mining hardware distributer I was speaking with this week. I've spent the last half a year researching ways to heat my house with bitcoin mining exhaust and the winds are starting to blow chilly again in my corner of the globe. I'm about ready to buy some equipment a bit beefier than my s9i fleet and have picked back up on conversations with sellers. The above quote came out after one particular seller had encouraged me to use a more affordable miner. I appreciate him looking out for my losses, but it expressed the same sentiment I keep hearing less bluntly everywhere I turn. He said that if I was mostly concerned about decentralization, I should run a node. Well I do run a node, but blockchain validation is not the area I'm worried about centralizing. I'm worried about mining pool centralization. He went on to explain that it's just too competitive because industrial miners have been incentivized to buy miners that might not be profitable because they can depreciate them on their taxes. He reiterated that industrial miners are "fiat minded."  ## Enemy __________ the Gates Let's explore this for a little bit. What he was describing was not the enemy AT the gates. This is the enemy GUARDING the gates. If fiat minded people take over the lightning network, nodes can close their channels. If fiat minded people take over all of bitcoin development, nodes can ignore their changes. If fiat minded people take over stacker news, you can sell your cowboy credits to darthcoin. If fiat minded people are the ones securing the network, long term, the best case scenario is a hard fork in which the network looses a MASSIVE amount of hash rate (security), takes a massive blow in the eyes of the public, challenging the value proposition of bitcoin, and a competing "legitimate" coin emerges. That's the best case scenario. Am I wrong? I can think of some that are worse. ## No Escape After my post in July generated some noise, I shared it with a famous bitcoin influencer. I mentioned that this person is sponsored by one of the industrial miners that I spoke with at the conference. I asked if this person might consider having someone from the industry on to discuss what pools they contribute to and why. They wrote me back a one line response saying that they couldn't speak on behalf of their sponsor. On one level, I get that. This person didn't want to implicate his sponsor in irresponsibility. On the other hand, since I haven't really heard any refutation of this concern, this guy either doesn't understand what I'm saying, or is fine having his adversary guarding his whole life savings. I also applied for a research position at Foundry, sighting that post. Wait, what?! You may be thinking, "isn't Foundry the organization that you're most harshly critiquing here?" Sure, but they will be smote with the rest of us if they get to that level of power, because the whole value proposition of bitcoin collapses. They might be holding all of their wealth in fiat at that point, but the business model goes down with the network. ## Pull your own weight in hash Tabletop solo miners are awesome. I hope to get one when I have some disposable cash. It's not going to solve this problem though. As a badass bookshelf decoration, hopefully it will solve the problem of having a bitcoin conversation icebreaker with my cousin Mikey. But they're literally currently more expensive than an s9 (I see one for sale online right now for less than half the price of a Bitaxe), which has over fifteen times the hashrate. Admittedly, running the s9 also adds a coffee worth of expense to your daily routine, and the hardware comes from the central manufacturer of most bitcoin mining. ...but it's fifteen times the hashrate. If you can afford an s19, it's one-hundred times the hashrate of one of these solo guys. ## Waste not, want not AND, you can recycle the heat. My point is, let's wrestle with our adversaries this winter. Let's generate some real kick-em-the-teeth hash and motivate the manufacturers to build more real hash-producing miners for our homes. It's definitely in our best interest...and it's in the best interest of any honest industrial miner too!  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/735779

@ 0861144c:e68a1caf

Some time ago, [I asked what to do with over 20 pages of findings](https://stacker.news/items/579578), which are essentially notes I took while reading about history, documents, papal bulls, doctrines, conversations, conspiracies, leadership lessons, and much more. And so, here I am. To clarify, the religion I profess is Catholicism, and this exercise began out of curiosity and led me down the rabbit hole. Even now, as I write this, I continue learning about historical documents. Final clarification: this is not a historical apology, nor does it aim to defend or condemn any side. These writings are intended to analyze the Popes and their main contributions (both good and/or bad) to modern history. These are lessons I drew as I read, so I also hope for your input in the comments to further this conversation. ### Let’s start from the beginning. What is a Pope? The Pope is the highest authority of the Roman Catholic Church, which, according to historical records, has been succeeding one another since Peter the Apostle. Currently, Pope Francis holds a direct line of succession tied to the apostles of Jesus. The Papacy can be divided into three different categories: - It is a service: The Papacy is a call to gather, administer, and watch over the Universal Church of God (hence the name Catholic, which means universal). In the name of the Trinity, a Tradition was built, which, once settled over centuries, became customs that changed over time. - He is the Bishop of Rome: As Bishop of Rome and Supreme Head of the College of Cardinals, the Pope is the highest theological authority in the Catholic Church. Although he has an administrative, operational, and ecclesial body that provides advice and issues documents, in case of controversy or seeking consensus, it is the Pope who has the final word on theological matters, though not on administrative or political ones. - He is the Head of State: For nearly 1,600 years, through ups and downs, the Popes wielded unmatched political power in Europe, leveraging their position and direct succession from the ecclesial organization left by Peter and Paul. In modern history, this is the role that has caused the most controversy, and for good reason.  So, with all this in mind, let’s begin with Popes 1 to 20. These Popes stood out for organizing the Church during a time when emperors were hostile toward Christians. At the same time, they began to combat strong heresies that would prove fatal for Christians, but not for the faith and doctrine they professed. **Popes 1 to 20: The Early Ones** 1. Peter and Paul 2. Linus 3. Anacletus 4. Clement 5. Evaristus 6. Alexander 7. Sixtus 8. Telesphorus 9. Hyginus 10. Pius These early Popes dedicated the first century of the Church to organizing Christian communities. Everything was about structure and organization, as frequent and constant persecution prevented them from building temples or conducting rites. These Popes used letters as their primary means of communication with everyone. 11. **Anicetus** [155-166] – This Pope is known for initiating ecclesiastical organization. 12. **Soter** [166-174] – He fostered communion among Christians to mitigate the persecutions of those days. 13. **Eleutherius** [174-189] – A friend of Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyon. Under this Pope, the first catechism and theology schools were organized, aiming to structure Christian teachings and distance them from heresies[^1]. Main heresies: Marcionism, Montanism, and Valentianism. 14. **Victor** [189-198] – With the growth of Christian communities and the rise of people teaching non-Christian or mixed Christian doctrines, excommunication began to be used as a tool of separation, with prior notification to the communities. This Pope left two strong legacies in history: first, he adopted Latin as the main language of the Church, and second, he rejected the idea that a human could be chosen by God (adopted) to exercise power, like monarchs. Decisions started being made more frequently from Rome under his reign. 15. **Zephyrinus** [198-217] – This Pope was quite interesting; although he did not have a formal theological background, he faced many criticisms from all sides. He carried the consequences of his predecessor, who was accused of wanting to be both King and God. His main legacy was his fight against heresies, including Marcionism, Montanism, Valentianism, and Theodotionism. 16. **Callixtus I** [217-222] – This Pope was a slave freed by the family of Emperor Commodus. Historically, it’s known that Marcia, Commodus’ wife, held him in high esteem. He initiated Christological debates, focusing on the figure of Christ, and invited everyone, regardless of social status, to reintegrate with the faith. His main battle was against Sabellians in matters of heresy. 17. **Urban I** [222-230] – I found nothing particularly interesting about him. 18. **Pontian** [230-235] – He faced arbitrary political and theological persecutions in Roman territory, renounced the papacy, and died as a martyr. His main legacy was the use of "Dominus vobiscum" ("The Lord be with you") and the incorporation of psalms in the masses. 19. **Anterus** [235-236] – He reigned for 40 days and ordered the compilation of the acts of martyrs. 20. **Fabian** [236-250] – To increase the Church's outreach and protection of its followers, he improved its structure. By this point, the Church had hundreds of thousands of members, mostly deacons and laypeople. A dark period followed: Emperor Decius, early in his reign, declared Christians the direct cause of the Empire's troubles, leading to horrific persecution, torture, and the death of hundreds, including the Pope. Many Christians, unwilling to die, became pagans, **raising a theological question: If you convert to paganism to avoid death, can you return to Christianity?** We'll continue in the next chapter... [^1]: Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, particularly the accepted beliefs or religious law of a religious organization. A heretic is a proponent of heresy. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/735219

@ 623ed218:fa549249

### **So... I did a thing...** ...Woof! ======== [](https://primal.net/p/npub1vgldyxx7syc30qm9v7padnnfpdfp4zwymsyl9ztzuklaf7j5jfyspk36wu) --------------- # **Satoshi Vault: An Accessible Multi-Signature Wallet Solution for Enhanced Self-Custody** ## **Abstract** Satoshi Vault aims to provide a simple, open-source, multi-platform application designed to simplify the setup and management of multi-signature (multi-sig) wallets. The application specifically targets new Bitcoin users, enhancing the security of their holdings without requiring additional hardware. By creating an accessible, intuitive interface and aligning with Web of Trust (WOT) principles, Satoshi Vault addresses a significant gap in the Bitcoin ecosystem, promoting higher security with minimal user friction. ## **1. Introduction** Bitcoin wallets typically take one of two forms: single-signature (single-sig) and multi-signature (multi-sig). Single-sig wallets are the default, and they are most commonly used by those new to self-custody as they are simple to set up and manage. However, single-sig wallets present a security risk as only one key is needed to access and move funds, leaving them vulnerable to theft or compromise. Multi-sig wallets require multiple keys to authorize transactions, significantly enhancing security by distributing custody across multiple signatories. Multi-sig should be the standard for all Bitcoin self-custody setups, particularly for key recovery and backup processes, as an improvement over traditional paper seed backups. This white paper proposes Satoshi Vault: an open-source, multi-platform application that simplifies multi-sig wallet creation and operation, making enhanced security accessible to all Bitcoin users without the need for dedicated hardware. ## **2. System Overview** ### 2.1 Wallet Creation Process Satoshi Vault provides users with a simple, guided process for creating a secure multi-sig wallet: - Users begin by selecting the option to create a new "vault" (multi-signature wallet). The default configuration is a 2/3 multi-sig setup, although users can access advanced settings to adjust the number of signatories and the threshold required for authorizing transactions. - The application generates a new Bitcoin key, securely encrypting it on the user’s device as a software key. - It is important to tailor multi-sig setups to the user’s situation, skill level, and the size of their holdings. For smaller amounts (e.g., 100,000 sats), a **2/3 service-based multi-sig** involving keys held on the user’s phone, a spouse’s or trusted contact's device, and the exchange where one purchases Bitcoin or a vetted third-party key holder may be appropriate, providing a balance of convenience and security. For larger holdings, users may opt for a more secure configuration with a higher number of signatories and a higher threshold for transaction authorization to enhance protection and mitigate risks. ### 2.2 Integration with Trusted Contacts - Users are prompted to select a trusted contact who can generate a "Social Recovery Key." The public key from this newly generated keypair, created through a simple option on the app’s welcome page, is shared back with the user for use in the configuration of their multi-sig vault. - An "affiliate + key assistance" system may also be used, where the additional key could be managed by the person who onboarded the user (e.g., a mentor or trusted friend), reinforcing usability and trust. ### 2.3 Third-Party Collaborative Custody - Satoshi Vault offers flexibility for the third key in the multi-sig setup. While users can choose to partner with an exchange, they may also select a vetted partner of their choice. Satoshi Vault will build partnerships with respected Bitcoin support and mentorship services that offer third-party key custody as a service. These vetted partners may charge a fee for advanced support or assistance if required. - Alternatively, if the user prefers, they can choose another trusted contact to create a second Social Recovery Key, allowing for a more private Vault configuration. ### 2.4 Vault Creation and Management - With the user’s, trusted contact’s, and third-party public keys in place, Satoshi Vault creates a multi-signature vault and shares descriptor files securely with the trusted contact and the exchange. - The app houses configuration files for each multi-sig wallet and enforces security by **rejecting any attempt to add additional keys from the same multi-sig setup**, ensuring that a quorum of keys cannot be consolidated on a single device. ### 2.5 Encrypted Cloud Backup - To enhance redundancy, Satoshi Vault offers users the option to encrypt and store their key material in their preferred cloud service (e.g., iCloud, Google Drive). This approach leverages familiar systems providing a seamless way for users to store recovery keys. - This minimizes the risk of loss of key material in the event of device loss or app data deletion. ## **3. Technical Implementation** ### 3.1 Security Architecture - **Encryption**: All communication between the app, users, trusted contacts, and exchanges is encrypted using AES-256 and other state-of-the-art encryption protocols to ensure privacy and prevent interception or tampering. - **Cross-Platform Support**: Satoshi Vault is designed to function across multiple platforms (iOS, Android, Windows, Linux) to ensure broad accessibility. - **Public Key Transmission**: Secure communication protocols such as Fedi, Matrix, or Nostr Gift-Wrapped Messages may be used to transmit public keys, descriptor files, and signatures, safeguarding user information. ### 3.2 User Experience Design - **Onboarding and Education**: A setup wizard guides users through wallet creation, using simple language and visual aids to explain multi-sig benefits, vault concepts, and the roles of trusted contacts and exchanges. - **Customization**: Users can access an advanced “Pro Mode” for configuring signatories beyond the default 2/3 setup, allowing for custom thresholds and advanced wallet configurations. ### 3.3 Node Connectivity To maintain decentralization and minimize the risk associated with a single point of failure, Satoshi Vault will not rely on a central node for its operations. Instead, the application will offer multiple options for users: - **Custom Node Connections**: Users can connect Satoshi Vault to their own Bitcoin nodes, providing maximum control and security. This approach aligns with the Bitcoin ethos of self-sovereignty and reduces reliance on third-party infrastructure. - **Public Node Selection**: For users without their own nodes, the application will provide a selection of vetted, community-operated public nodes to connect with. This offers convenience while distributing trust across multiple independent entities, minimizing the risk of centralization. - **Tor Integration**: To enhance privacy, Satoshi Vault will support Tor integration, enabling users to connect to nodes anonymously and reducing the risk of tracking and monitoring. - **Automatic Node Load Balancing**: The app may implement a feature that automatically rotates between multiple trusted public nodes, ensuring that no single node becomes a point of dependency. ## **4. Security and Privacy Considerations** Satoshi Vault prioritizes security and privacy: - **Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)**: To protect app access, users may set up MFA as an additional security layer. - **Local and Cloud Encryption Standards**: The app uses AES-256 for local storage of keys and end-to-end encryption for cloud backups and transmission of public keys and descriptors. - **Key Recovery and Redundancy**: Cloud services are employed for encrypted backups, providing redundancy while ensuring that users retain control over their key material. ## **5. Integration and Collaboration Opportunities** ### 5.1 Wallet Providers - Satoshi Vault could partner with existing open-source wallet providers, such as Nunchuk, to integrate its multi-sig functionality and expand their security offerings. ### 5.2 Exchange Collaboration - By collaborating with exchanges, Satoshi Vault can provide seamless integration for obtaining Exchange Public Keys, building trust and simplifying the user experience for those securing their funds. ## **6. Future Development and Monetization** ### 6.1 Feature Expansion - **Hardware Wallet Integration**: Future updates will include compatibility with hardware wallets, providing additional security options for advanced users who wish to incorporate dedicated signing devices into their multi-sig setup. - **Automatic Backup Options**: Users will have more automated and secure options for backing up their encrypted keys, including automated cloud backups and integration with secure storage solutions. - **Transaction Monitoring**: The app will incorporate transaction monitoring services, enabling users to receive alerts and detailed information about incoming and outgoing transactions. - **Guided Key Rotation/Replacement**: To maintain long-term security and minimize risks from potential key compromises, Satoshi Vault will offer a guided process for rotating or replacing keys within a multi-sig setup. The feature will provide users with step-by-step instructions on how to update their vault’s keys, ensuring a secure and seamless transition without risking access to funds. ### 6.2 Premium Services - Potential premium services advanced support for users configuring complex multi-sig setups. These services may be facilitated through strategic partnerships with community-vetted organizations such as **Bitcoin Mentor** or **The Bitcoin Way**, ensuring trusted and expert guidance for users. ## **7. Market Considerations and Demand** While specialized hardware signing devices will continue to cater to those with heightened security demands (i.e., “paranoid crypto anarchists”), Satoshi Vault fills a gap for new entrants to the space who may not yet be ready or willing to purchase dedicated hardware. Providing robust, easy-to-use software solutions ensures that the demand for secure self-custody is met for all levels of users. ## **8. Conclusion** Satoshi Vault is a critical step forward in improving Bitcoin self-custody security. By offering an open-source, user-friendly application for multi-signature wallet setup and management, Satoshi Vault empowers users to protect their holdings without the need for additional hardware. Every self-custody setup should incorporate multi-sig, and Satoshi Vault provides an adaptable, secure solution to meet this need, ensuring that new users have access to robust security models that align with the ethos of Bitcoin’s financial sovereignty. **By paving a path to accessible and secure Bitcoin self-custody for the coming waves of new Bitcoin participants, Satoshi Vault aims to uphold and strengthen the principles of financial freedom and autonomy in the Bitcoin ecosystem.** ## **9. Contributors and Acknowledgements** Satoshi Vault was developed with insights and support from several key contributors in the Bitcoin community: - **Guy Swann**, founder of Bitcoin Audible, provided valuable perspectives on multi-signature setups and emphasized the importance of using multi-sig as the standard for Bitcoin self-custody and recovery processes. - We also acknowledge the efforts of the many **builders and developers** who have worked tirelessly to bring Bitcoin self-custody to it's present stage, creating the tools and upholding the principles that Satoshi Vault hopes to further. - Additional input and feedback were provided by members of the Bitcoin community who share a commitment to enhancing security and accessibility for Bitcoin newcomers. #### **View the full repo:** https://github.com/bitcoinpup/Satoshi-Vault originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/734826

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Hi, my name is Undisciplined and I'm a Raiders fan. Year after year, this team does just enough in the off-season to give me hope and, year after year, they disappoint in remarkably consistent ways: - Missed tackles - Penalties - Alienating star players - Red zone ineptitude - Inability to create turnovers How can so many coach/GM combos keep failing in the same way? Is the Davis family the reason they can't tackle, because they're the only constant? These next ten games are going to be a real slog and they still might not be bad enough to get their QB in the draft. This is the most hopeless situation I can remember. Our last era of excellence was destroyed by Tom Brady and the goddamn Tuck Rule, 20 years ago. Maybe having Brady join the team will exorcise whatever demons are haunting it. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/734661

@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2

What kind of bizarro clown world did I wake up in? The FED bank of Minneapolis wrote about "useless pieces of paper (bitcoin for short)" and that "the price of bitcoin converges to zero." Umm...considered fiat currency? And yet, the only solutions to this alleged bitcoin problem is to either ban it (a "legal prohibition against bitcoin") or tax it. Umm...if it's useless, then it's harmless. And, if it's worthless and going to zero, taxing it is pointless. Somehow, bitcoin is worthless and headed to zero, but yet it's still worthy of being taxed so as to balance deficits. I'm so confused. Source: https://www.minneapolisfed.org/research/working-papers/unique-implementation-of-permanent-primary-deficits Article: https://cryptobriefing.com/bitcoin-fiscal-impact-report/ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/734418

@ c3f12a9a:06c21301

**Czechoslovakia 1953** *How Czechoslovakia Erased Savings Overnight in 1953 and What It Teaches Us About State-Controlled Currencies?* This is my Family story that could happened before to everybody and now, it dont need to happen to anybody, just because of Satoshi. So in honor of Satoshi, I’ll make this series of how "Satoshi time travelling" back in the history to get some knowledge so he will be able to save us one day with one “white piece of paper”. This series will be focused on monetary history and the history of government’s monopoly positions over citizens. Hope you will enjoy reading it and you will get some knowledge as a Satoshi. In 1953, Czechoslovakia experienced an event that left an indelible mark on the characters of my fellow ancestors so basically also on me through parenting. It was a lesson in the power governments have over currencies they control and how changes in monetary policy can drastically affect the lives of ordinary people. This is a story my grandmother told me, a reminder of why we should think critically about the future of money—and perhaps why Bitcoin might offer a way forward. **My Family’s Story: Losing a Lifetime of Savings Overnight** In the spring of 1952, my grandmother was born in Czechoslovakia. Her grandfather, my great-great-grandfather, was a hard-working businessman who wanted to ensure a better future for his son and family. As a gift to celebrate my grandmother’s birth, he gave her father a chest full of coins to save for the family’s future needs. It was an investment in security and stability. But just a year later, in 1953, the government announced a radical currency reform. The night before the reform, the head of state reassured the public that their money was safe and that the currency was strong. In truth, the government had already prepared new banknotes, printed in secret abroad of Soviet Union, and was ready to devalue the currency in a move that would devastate millions of people. The reform happened literally overnight. People who went to bed feeling secure woke up to find their money almost worthless. Amounts up to 300 Czechoslovak koruna (Kčs) were exchanged at a rate of 5:1, but anything above that was exchanged at a punishing rate of 50:1. If someone had 1,000 Kčs, they would receive only 74 new Kčs—a devastating loss that wiped out the savings of many families, including mine. **What This Teaches Us About Fiat Money** This reform wasn’t just a monetary change; *it was a power move*. The government understood that wealth represented independence. By destroying people’s savings, they increased their control over the population. And this story isn’t unique to Czechoslovakia—history is full of examples where governments devalued their currencies to maintain power and we are going to cover all these stories in this series. From hyperinflation in Germany to similar reforms in other communist nations, fiat currencies controlled by the state have been repeatedly manipulated to serve political ends. These events show just how dangerous it can be to rely on fiat money, which is fully under the control of governments. People who save for their retirement or their children’s futures can lose everything overnight because of decisions over which they have no control. **How Bitcoin Offers an Alternative** This story from my family showed me why state-controlled currencies aren’t always reliable. When a government controls the currency, it also controls our savings, by extension, our lives. Fortunately, today we have an alternative that removes this power from governments thanks to “Peter Todd” of course xd —Bitcoin. But all this is what all of you know deffinetly Bitcoin is not controlled by any central authority. Its supply is fixed, and it cannot be arbitrarily devalued. It’s a way to store value outside the reach of government intervention. Where fiat currencies can be devalued or destroyed overnight, Bitcoin offers stability based on mathematical rules that no one can change to suit political needs. ***Conclusion: Lessons for Today*** The 1953 currency reform in Czechoslovakia is a warning we should take seriously. History is full of moments when governments betrayed the trust of their citizens in the name of maintaining power. Bitcoin is a response to these historical lessons—it’s a tool that allows individuals to preserve their wealth without fear of political manipulation. My great-great-grandfather lost his savings overnight, but they were prepairing it for more than one night.0 I hope these stories remind us that we can build a better future if we learn from the mistakes of the past and explore new ways to protect the value we create. **Satoshi gave us a chance to make this change. It’s up to us to decide whether we’ll take it.** originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/734263

@ acc925af:db9fb0bb

Hold onto your teacups, Brits! The digital revolution has officially stormed the Bank of England, kicking the Great British Pound to the curb and establishing **Bitcoin as the world's 6th most valuable monetary asset**. Yes, you read that right. That internet funny money your grandpa warned you about is now worth more than the currency that built an empire. ### Top monetary assets worldwide  ###### The above summarises the top thirteen monetary assets in the world, compiled by Porkopolis Economics. This means gold, silver, the top ten fiat currencies, and Bitcoin. All native units (euros, yen, troy ounces) reflect money stocks reported as of Update #25, 2024 Q2. US-dollar equivalent values update daily based on latest exchange rates. Bitcoin is the modern exception, which updates all the time. ### Basic Money Today **What exactly makes something "money," you ask?** Well, it boils down to being the bedrock of the financial system—what experts call "settlement media" or "settlement money." Think of it like this: you've got debts to settle, but instead of juggling IOUs, you need cold, hard cash. In today's world, that "cash" is the **monetary base**, the ultimate tool used by nations, central banks, and regular banks to square their accounts in real-time. **This monetary base consists of:** 1. **Physical currency**: The notes and coins we all know and love (or at least tolerate). 2. **Bank reserves**: The "Master Account" that every commercial bank keeps with its central bank—think of it as their VIP backstage pass to the financial system. ### Basic Money of the Past Now, let's rewind the clock a bit. We all have a sneaking suspicion that gold and silver weren't just shiny trinkets our ancestors hoarded. They were **OG money**, minted into coins for trade and used as a yardstick for value. Even before that, they were crafted into jewellery and ornaments, passed down through generations as a store of wealth. #### Gold Today, gold is more than just bullion bars. It's a diverse market, with the majority held as jewellery. Interestingly, private individuals and institutions hold more gold bullion than central banks. A small chunk is still used for industrial purposes, constantly recycled and reused. #### Silver Silver, on the other hand, has taken a slightly different path. Today, it's more at home in your smartphone than in a treasure chest. It's a key component in microchips, wires, and all sorts of tech gadgets. While you'll still find it in jewellery and silverware, its role as a store of value and medium of exchange has diminished. ### Basic Money of the Future? But wait, there's more! Bitcoin isn't stopping there. Its sights are set on dethroning the almighty US dollar and even gold, and frankly, the numbers suggest it might just pull it off. Let's face it, fiat currencies are looking a bit flimsy these days. Governments can't seem to resist the temptation to print money like it's going out of style, and inflation is biting everyone in the backside. Meanwhile, **Bitcoin, with its limited supply of 21 million coins, is a beacon of stability in a sea of financial chaos.** It's like the digital gold rush, but without the dusty prospectors and questionable hygiene. #### Bitcoin Bitcoin is a strange beast, a hybrid of old and new. Like gold and silver, its supply is determined by miners competing to unearth new coins. But unlike those precious metals, Bitcoin has a fixed ceiling—that famous 21 million coin cap. **Here's where things get really interesting:** Bitcoin's supply is publicly verifiable, like central bank money. But unlike fiat currency, which can be printed at the whim of policymakers, Bitcoin's growth is predictable and transparent. And gold? Well, it's had a good run, but let's be honest, carrying around a gold bar to buy your groceries isn't exactly practical in the 21st century. Bitcoin, on the other hand, can be sent around the world with a few clicks, making it **a far more convenient store of value and medium of exchange in our modern, interconnected world.** ### Base money worldwide **So, where does this leave us?** Porkopolis Economics has compiled a handy chart showing the current value of all these monetary assets, past, present, and future. **Take a gander:**  This isn't just about comparing numbers; it's about understanding the evolution of money. Your bank accounts, credit cards, and investments? They're all derivatives, built upon this foundation of base money. ### What about stocks? Hold your horses, stock market enthusiasts! Stocks might be liquid, but they fall short of the "money" definition. They can store value (sometimes), but they're not used to price your pint of beer or send to your mate overseas. Bitcoin, however, ticks those boxes – it stores value and you can send it globally, even without internet access! Take that, gold bars! **Remember, the magic ingredient of money is acceptance**. People need to agree it's a valid medium of exchange. Bitcoin's already nailing the store of value and transferability aspects. It's only a matter of time before it becomes the go-to unit of account for everything from your daily coffee to a luxury yacht. The writing is on the wall, folks. **Bitcoin is the future of money**, and those who ignore it are going to be left behind, scrambling for pennies while the Bitcoiners are sipping champagne on their virtual yachts. **So, what are you waiting for? Get on board the Bitcoin train before it leaves the station without you.** Your future self will thank you for it. ### source 👇 https://www.porkopolis.io/topmoney/ originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/733664

@ dca6e1cc:ea7d1750

I recently had the opportunity to interview someone special. His name is George, and what George is doing is becoming a regular occurrence in beach towns around the world. What isn't so regular is that what George is doing has lead to revolutionary beginnings in other countries. Link to full article and podcast: https://wanderingwpurpose.substack.com/p/revolutionary-beginnings-in-mozambique I have been in Mozambique for about a month now. It has taken some time to get accustomed to the way of life here, but I'm more settled now. Now the logistics of withdrawing cash, finding transportation, and knowing where to shop have become an afterthought. I enjoy hitch-hiking, 20 Meticais "chiappa" rides, and playing with all the different forms of payments here (cash, MPesa, EMola, and Bitcoin). We may be close neighbours to the relative luxuries of South Africa, but Mozambique feels quite isolated. The long stagnant economy and warm coastal lifestyle translates into a rather basic existence. Now that the irksome necessities have been ironed out, I get to focus on the pleasures of local life and new friends in the community. Which community? Tofo. Tofo is a small village with plenty of seafood, great surf, and enough shops and entertainment to absorb anyone into cosy beach life. I traveled here by invitation from friends I worked alongside at Afrika Burn earlier this year. One of them is a Tofo local and was kind enough to offer their home during my stay. ## Finding George Aside from enjoying local life, I'm always on the lookout for people using creative ways to make a living. It wasn't long before I noticed a "Bitcoin accepted here" sign posted to a shopkeeper's pole at the market. I could see his colourful clothing for sale but, after two days of looking, I still hadn't met the shop owner. It wasn't until I was recently scrolling through Twitter (X) that I happened to pinpoint the owner. A friend at Bitcoin Ekasi posted that it was their friend's birthday in Tofo, and was encouraging everyone to send him sats. That friend happened to be the shopkeeper I was looking for. I walked over the next day and finally met George. George and I quickly jumped into lively conversation. I asked him about Bitcoin and how he knew my friend. It turns out they've known each other for years, discussing Bitcoin as they went and how it can be used to improve their lives. George was already quite excited, but his face lit up completely when I wished him happy birthday. Bitcoin Ekasi's birthday post for George ended up providing up to USD $300 in Bitcoin donations straight into his wallet. Understandably, he started expressing overflowing gratitude for all the Bitcoiners around the world who sent him some sats for his birthday. I was also impressed at how much funding came his way. In case you're curious and unaware, Bitcoin Lightning addresses are structured the same as email addresses. For example, George's Lightning address is georgetofo@blink.sv. "Blink" is the name of the custodial wallet provider for George's particular Lightning wallet. I also have a Blink Lightning wallet: gpvansat@blink.sv. I also have other wallets for different purposes. Another one is: g@getalby.com. Anyone with a lightning wallet and some sats can send money to any one of these addresses. What is Lightning? It's a network much like the Bitcoin main network, also known as the Bitcoin "Mainnet", except with some tradeoffs. Without sacrificing too much of the security provided by the mainnet, the Lightning network allows for instantaneous Bitcoin payments for a fraction of a cent. While the Bitcoin mainnet is ideal for long-term storage and security, Lightning is ideal as a payments network. ## Recording revolutionary beginnings George had stories upon stories to share, so I invited him to join me for a podcast recording. Aside from wanting to hear more of his stories, I was thrilled to capture his story on audio and write about it so I can share it with you, and so I can look back on it in the future. I expect to see Bitcoin spread far beyond Tofo, and I like the thought of being able to look back at a special meeting during the early days. I make this presumption because this is exactly the story line that played out in El Salvador. George is acting out the same plot that started in the beach town of El Zonte, now known as the beginning of what lead to Bitcoin being adopted as legal tender in El Salvador. Essentially, Bitcoin eliminates state control over money. El Salvador is using (and succeeding) at using Bitcoin to pay off their USD-denominated debt, liberating themselves from chronic debt-based inflation and the whims of the IMF. For a nation stuck in 50 years of stagnation at the hands corrupt authorities, Mozambique has a lot to gain by following in El Salvador's footsteps. Mozambique's currency, the Metacais, has dropped to a third of its value in 10 years, according to George. The banking system is also incompetent and in perpetual flux, making access to cash a constant headache amid electricity blackouts, service outages, and inconsistent VISA/Mastercard accessibility. One thing I've noticed is that scarce cash means that merchants are constantly struggling to have enough change available to settle transactions with their customers. On a daily basis, I will pay a merchant and then wait while they run around the corner with my money so they can find a friend with the cash they need to settle our transaction. This theme of market friction is constant throughout the country, posing a real barrier to trade and prosperity. Bitcoin is a technology that can unshackle Mozambique's people from the sludge of their country's disgraceful politics, unlocking the wealth stuck behind this country's broken financial infrastructure. Working with MPesa and EMola is not much different than working with Bitcoin Lightning. Therefore, Mozambique's people are more prepared to adopt a better future than they may think. Thank you for being a part of Wandering w/ Purpose's first episode of the Afrika Ascending Podcast. P.s. When George needs cash, he simply uses the Bitrefill app to buy Airtime on his phone using Bitcoin. He then sells the airtime to his friends to receive cash. I thought this was an excellent solution to a common problem. This is called a Bitcoin "off-ramp" (converting Bitcoin to cash). A Bitcoin "on-ramp" goes in the opposite direction. There are companies out there investing millions into building on/off ramps, whereas George has found an easy solution with existing resources. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/734012

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Imagine sending a private message to a friend, only to learn that authorities could be scanning its contents without your knowledge. This isn't a scene from a dystopian novel but a potential reality under the European Union's proposed "Chat Control" measures. Aimed at combating serious crimes like child exploitation and terrorism, these proposals could significantly impact the privacy of everyday internet users. As encrypted messaging services become the norm for personal and professional communication, understanding Chat Control is essential. This article delves into what Chat Control entails, why it's being considered, and how it could affect your right to private communication. https://www.fountain.fm/episode/coOFsst7r7mO1EP1kSzV https://open.spotify.com/episode/0IZ6kMExfxFm4FHg5DAWT8?si=e139033865e045de ### **Sections:** - **Introduction** - **What Is Chat Control?** - **Why Is the EU Pushing for Chat Control?** - **The Privacy Concerns and Risks** - **The Technical Debate: Encryption and Backdoors** - **Global Reactions and the Debate in Europe** - **Possible Consequences for Messaging Services** - **What Happens Next? The Future of Chat Control** - **Conclusion** --- ### **What Is Chat Control?** "Chat Control" refers to a set of proposed measures by the European Union aimed at monitoring and scanning private communications on messaging platforms. The primary goal is to detect and prevent the spread of illegal content, such as child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and to combat terrorism. While the intention is to enhance security and protect vulnerable populations, these proposals have raised significant privacy concerns. At its core, Chat Control would require messaging services to implement automated scanning technologies that can analyze the content of messages—even those that are end-to-end encrypted. This means that the private messages you send to friends, family, or colleagues could be subject to inspection by algorithms designed to detect prohibited content. #### **Origins of the Proposal** The initiative for Chat Control emerged from the EU's desire to strengthen its digital security infrastructure. High-profile cases of online abuse and the use of encrypted platforms by criminal organizations have prompted lawmakers to consider more invasive surveillance tactics. The European Commission has been exploring legislation that would make it mandatory for service providers to monitor communications on their platforms. #### **How Messaging Services Work** Most modern messaging apps, like Signal, Session, SimpleX, Veilid, Protonmail and Tutanota (among others), use end-to-end encryption (E2EE). This encryption ensures that only the sender and the recipient can read the messages being exchanged. Not even the service providers can access the content. This level of security is crucial for maintaining privacy in digital communications, protecting users from hackers, identity thieves, and other malicious actors. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/31ace3b729fb9f6b4de286686f31a71db6dd7e3a363f868e1255a6f287eb0b94.png"> #### **Key Elements of Chat Control** - **Automated Content Scanning**: Service providers would use algorithms to scan messages for illegal content. - **Circumvention of Encryption**: To scan encrypted messages, providers might need to alter their encryption methods, potentially weakening security. - **Mandatory Reporting**: If illegal content is detected, providers would be required to report it to authorities. - **Broad Applicability**: The measures could apply to all messaging services operating within the EU, affecting both European companies and international platforms. #### **Why It Matters** Understanding Chat Control is essential because it represents a significant shift in how digital privacy is handled. While combating illegal activities online is crucial, the methods proposed could set a precedent for mass surveillance and the erosion of privacy rights. Everyday users who rely on encrypted messaging for personal and professional communication might find their conversations are no longer as private as they once thought. --- ### **Why Is the EU Pushing for Chat Control?** The European Union's push for Chat Control stems from a pressing concern to protect its citizens, particularly children, from online exploitation and criminal activities. With the digital landscape becoming increasingly integral to daily life, the EU aims to strengthen its ability to combat serious crimes facilitated through online platforms. #### **Protecting Children and Preventing Crime** One of the primary motivations behind Chat Control is the prevention of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) circulating on the internet. Law enforcement agencies have reported a significant increase in the sharing of illegal content through private messaging services. By implementing Chat Control, the EU believes it can more effectively identify and stop perpetrators, rescue victims, and deter future crimes. Terrorism is another critical concern. Encrypted messaging apps can be used by terrorist groups to plan and coordinate attacks without detection. The EU argues that accessing these communications could be vital in preventing such threats and ensuring public safety. #### **Legal Context and Legislative Drivers** The push for Chat Control is rooted in several legislative initiatives: - **ePrivacy Directive**: This directive regulates the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in electronic communications. The EU is considering amendments that would allow for the scanning of private messages under specific circumstances. - **Temporary Derogation**: In 2021, the EU adopted a temporary regulation permitting voluntary detection of CSAM by communication services. The current proposals aim to make such measures mandatory and more comprehensive. - **Regulation Proposals**: The European Commission has proposed regulations that would require service providers to detect, report, and remove illegal content proactively. This would include the use of technologies to scan private communications. #### **Balancing Security and Privacy** EU officials argue that the proposed measures are a necessary response to evolving digital threats. They emphasize the importance of staying ahead of criminals who exploit technology to harm others. By implementing Chat Control, they believe law enforcement can be more effective without entirely dismantling privacy protections. However, the EU also acknowledges the need to balance security with fundamental rights. The proposals include provisions intended to limit the scope of surveillance, such as: - **Targeted Scanning**: Focusing on specific threats rather than broad, indiscriminate monitoring. - **Judicial Oversight**: Requiring court orders or oversight for accessing private communications. - **Data Protection Safeguards**: Implementing measures to ensure that data collected is handled securely and deleted when no longer needed. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/9533aedc9f83564d53633eac1a6d431d1e311028a478dd4b7f3a59b2c449e95a.png"> #### **The Urgency Behind the Push** High-profile cases of online abuse and terrorism have heightened the sense of urgency among EU policymakers. Reports of increasing online grooming and the widespread distribution of illegal content have prompted calls for immediate action. The EU posits that without measures like Chat Control, these problems will continue to escalate unchecked. #### **Criticism and Controversy** Despite the stated intentions, the push for Chat Control has been met with significant criticism. Opponents argue that the measures could be ineffective against savvy criminals who can find alternative ways to communicate. There is also concern that such surveillance could be misused or extended beyond its original purpose. --- ### **The Privacy Concerns and Risks** While the intentions behind Chat Control focus on enhancing security and protecting vulnerable groups, the proposed measures raise significant privacy concerns. Critics argue that implementing such surveillance could infringe on fundamental rights and set a dangerous precedent for mass monitoring of private communications. #### **Infringement on Privacy Rights** At the heart of the debate is the right to privacy. By scanning private messages, even with automated tools, the confidentiality of personal communications is compromised. Users may no longer feel secure sharing sensitive information, fearing that their messages could be intercepted or misinterpreted by algorithms. #### **Erosion of End-to-End Encryption** End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a cornerstone of digital security, ensuring that only the sender and recipient can read the messages exchanged. Chat Control could necessitate the introduction of "backdoors" or weaken encryption protocols, making it easier for unauthorized parties to access private data. This not only affects individual privacy but also exposes communications to potential cyber threats. #### **Concerns from Privacy Advocates** Organizations like Signal and Tutanota, which offer encrypted messaging services, have voiced strong opposition to Chat Control. They warn that undermining encryption could have far-reaching consequences: - **Security Risks**: Weakening encryption makes systems more vulnerable to hacking, espionage, and cybercrime. - **Global Implications**: Changes in EU regulations could influence policies worldwide, leading to a broader erosion of digital privacy. - **Ineffectiveness Against Crime**: Determined criminals might resort to other, less detectable means of communication, rendering the measures ineffective while still compromising the privacy of law-abiding citizens. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/51722887ebf55c827cc20bcfade3ea9b3628265b7fa3547504b2fff45f34f175.png"> #### **Potential for Government Overreach** There is a fear that Chat Control could lead to increased surveillance beyond its original scope. Once the infrastructure for scanning private messages is in place, it could be repurposed or expanded to monitor other types of content, stifling free expression and dissent. #### **Real-World Implications for Users** - **False Positives**: Automated scanning technologies are not infallible and could mistakenly flag innocent content, leading to unwarranted scrutiny or legal consequences for users. - **Chilling Effect**: Knowing that messages could be monitored might discourage people from expressing themselves freely, impacting personal relationships and societal discourse. - **Data Misuse**: Collected data could be vulnerable to leaks or misuse, compromising personal and sensitive information. #### **Legal and Ethical Concerns** Privacy advocates also highlight potential conflicts with existing laws and ethical standards: - **Violation of Fundamental Rights**: The European Convention on Human Rights and other international agreements protect the right to privacy and freedom of expression. - **Questionable Effectiveness**: The ethical justification for such invasive measures is challenged if they do not significantly improve safety or if they disproportionately impact innocent users. #### **Opposition from Member States and Organizations** Countries like Germany and organizations such as the European Digital Rights (EDRi) have expressed opposition to Chat Control. They emphasize the need to protect digital privacy and caution against hasty legislation that could have unintended consequences. --- ### **The Technical Debate: Encryption and Backdoors** The discussion around Chat Control inevitably leads to a complex technical debate centered on encryption and the potential introduction of backdoors into secure communication systems. Understanding these concepts is crucial to grasping the full implications of the proposed measures. #### **What Is End-to-End Encryption (E2EE)?** End-to-end encryption is a method of secure communication that prevents third parties from accessing data while it's transferred from one end system to another. In simpler terms, only the sender and the recipient can read the messages. Even the service providers operating the messaging platforms cannot decrypt the content. - **Security Assurance**: E2EE ensures that sensitive information—be it personal messages, financial details, or confidential business communications—remains private. - **Widespread Use**: Popular messaging apps like Signal, Session, SimpleX, Veilid, Protonmail and Tutanota (among others) rely on E2EE to protect user data. #### **How Chat Control Affects Encryption** Implementing Chat Control as proposed would require messaging services to scan the content of messages for illegal material. To do this on encrypted platforms, providers might have to: - **Introduce Backdoors**: Create a means for third parties (including the service provider or authorities) to access encrypted messages. - **Client-Side Scanning**: Install software on users' devices that scans messages before they are encrypted and sent, effectively bypassing E2EE. #### **The Risks of Weakening Encryption** **1. Compromised Security for All Users** Introducing backdoors or client-side scanning tools can create vulnerabilities: - **Exploitable Gaps**: If a backdoor exists, malicious actors might find and exploit it, leading to data breaches. - **Universal Impact**: Weakening encryption doesn't just affect targeted individuals; it potentially exposes all users to increased risk. **2. Undermining Trust in Digital Services** - **User Confidence**: Knowing that private communications could be accessed might deter people from using digital services or push them toward unregulated platforms. - **Business Implications**: Companies relying on secure communications might face increased risks, affecting economic activities. **3. Ineffectiveness Against Skilled Adversaries** - **Alternative Methods**: Criminals might shift to other encrypted channels or develop new ways to avoid detection. - **False Sense of Security**: Weakening encryption could give the impression of increased safety while adversaries adapt and continue their activities undetected. #### **Signal’s Response and Stance** Signal, a leading encrypted messaging service, has been vocal in its opposition to the EU's proposals: - **Refusal to Weaken Encryption**: Signal's CEO Meredith Whittaker has stated that the company would rather cease operations in the EU than compromise its encryption standards. - **Advocacy for Privacy**: Signal emphasizes that strong encryption is essential for protecting human rights and freedoms in the digital age. #### **Understanding Backdoors** A "backdoor" in encryption is an intentional weakness inserted into a system to allow authorized access to encrypted data. While intended for legitimate use by authorities, backdoors pose several problems: - **Security Vulnerabilities**: They can be discovered and exploited by unauthorized parties, including hackers and foreign governments. - **Ethical Concerns**: The existence of backdoors raises questions about consent and the extent to which governments should be able to access private communications. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/67f45fd79ccdb7e2e2ecdc56297207dc0d1d073acb216857b6165b3bf9906997.png"> #### **The Slippery Slope Argument** Privacy advocates warn that introducing backdoors or mandatory scanning sets a precedent: - **Expanded Surveillance**: Once in place, these measures could be extended to monitor other types of content beyond the original scope. - **Erosion of Rights**: Gradual acceptance of surveillance can lead to a significant reduction in personal freedoms over time. #### **Potential Technological Alternatives** Some suggest that it's possible to fight illegal content without undermining encryption: - **Metadata Analysis**: Focusing on patterns of communication rather than content. - **Enhanced Reporting Mechanisms**: Encouraging users to report illegal content voluntarily. - **Investing in Law Enforcement Capabilities**: Strengthening traditional investigative methods without compromising digital security. #### The technical community largely agrees that weakening encryption is not the solution: - **Consensus on Security**: Strong encryption is essential for the safety and privacy of all internet users. - **Call for Dialogue**: Technologists and privacy experts advocate for collaborative approaches that address security concerns without sacrificing fundamental rights. --- ### **Global Reactions and the Debate in Europe** The proposal for Chat Control has ignited a heated debate across Europe and beyond, with various stakeholders weighing in on the potential implications for privacy, security, and fundamental rights. The reactions are mixed, reflecting differing national perspectives, political priorities, and societal values. #### **Support for Chat Control** Some EU member states and officials support the initiative, emphasizing the need for robust measures to combat online crime and protect citizens, especially children. They argue that: - **Enhanced Security**: Mandatory scanning can help law enforcement agencies detect and prevent serious crimes. - **Responsibility of Service Providers**: Companies offering communication services should play an active role in preventing their platforms from being used for illegal activities. - **Public Safety Priorities**: The protection of vulnerable populations justifies the implementation of such measures, even if it means compromising some aspects of privacy. #### **Opposition within the EU** Several countries and organizations have voiced strong opposition to Chat Control, citing concerns over privacy rights and the potential for government overreach. **Germany** - **Stance**: Germany has been one of the most vocal opponents of the proposed measures. - **Reasons**: - **Constitutional Concerns**: The German government argues that Chat Control could violate constitutional protections of privacy and confidentiality of communications. - **Security Risks**: Weakening encryption is seen as a threat to cybersecurity. - **Legal Challenges**: Potential conflicts with national laws protecting personal data and communication secrecy. **Netherlands** - **Recent Developments**: The Dutch government decided against supporting Chat Control, emphasizing the importance of encryption for security and privacy. - **Arguments**: - **Effectiveness Doubts**: Skepticism about the actual effectiveness of the measures in combating crime. - **Negative Impact on Privacy**: Concerns about mass surveillance and the infringement of citizens' rights. Table reference: Patrick Breyer - Chat Control in 23 September 2024 #### **Privacy Advocacy Groups** **European Digital Rights (EDRi)** - **Role**: A network of civil and human rights organizations working to defend rights and freedoms in the digital environment. - **Position**: - **Strong Opposition**: EDRi argues that Chat Control is incompatible with fundamental rights. - **Awareness Campaigns**: Engaging in public campaigns to inform citizens about the potential risks. - **Policy Engagement**: Lobbying policymakers to consider alternative approaches that respect privacy. **Politicians and Activists** **Patrick Breyer** - **Background**: A Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Germany, representing the Pirate Party. - **Actions**: - **Advocacy**: Actively campaigning against Chat Control through speeches, articles, and legislative efforts. - **Public Outreach**: Using social media and public events to raise awareness. - **Legal Expertise**: Highlighting the legal inconsistencies and potential violations of EU law. #### **Global Reactions** **International Organizations** - **Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International**: These organizations have expressed concerns about the implications for human rights, urging the EU to reconsider. **Technology Companies** - **Global Tech Firms**: Companies like Apple and Microsoft are monitoring the situation, as EU regulations could affect their operations and user trust. - **Industry Associations**: Groups representing tech companies have issued statements highlighting the risks to innovation and competitiveness. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/e761aa2dd240a1a2e7d943565ccbda427b5a8054bf4e6e17c946711ab6370d5d.png"> #### **The Broader Debate** The controversy over Chat Control reflects a broader struggle between security interests and privacy rights in the digital age. Key points in the debate include: - **Legal Precedents**: How the EU's decision might influence laws and regulations in other countries. - **Digital Sovereignty**: The desire of nations to control digital spaces within their borders. - **Civil Liberties**: The importance of protecting freedoms in the face of technological advancements. #### **Public Opinion** - **Diverse Views**: Surveys and public forums show a range of opinions, with some citizens prioritizing security and others valuing privacy above all. - **Awareness Levels**: Many people are still unaware of the potential changes, highlighting the need for public education on the issue. #### The EU is at a crossroads, facing the challenge of addressing legitimate security concerns without undermining the fundamental rights that are central to its values. The outcome of this debate will have significant implications for the future of digital privacy and the balance between security and freedom in society. --- ### **Possible Consequences for Messaging Services** The implementation of Chat Control could have significant implications for messaging services operating within the European Union. Both large platforms and smaller providers might need to adapt their technologies and policies to comply with the new regulations, potentially altering the landscape of digital communication. #### **Impact on Encrypted Messaging Services** **Signal and Similar Platforms** - **Compliance Challenges**: Encrypted messaging services like Signal rely on end-to-end encryption to secure user communications. Complying with Chat Control could force them to weaken their encryption protocols or implement client-side scanning, conflicting with their core privacy principles. - **Operational Decisions**: Some platforms may choose to limit their services in the EU or cease operations altogether rather than compromise on encryption. Signal, for instance, has indicated that it would prefer to withdraw from European markets than undermine its security features. #### **Potential Blocking or Limiting of Services** - **Regulatory Enforcement**: Messaging services that do not comply with Chat Control regulations could face fines, legal action, or even be blocked within the EU. - **Access Restrictions**: Users in Europe might find certain services unavailable or limited in functionality if providers decide not to meet the regulatory requirements. #### **Effects on Smaller Providers** - **Resource Constraints**: Smaller messaging services and startups may lack the resources to implement the required scanning technologies, leading to increased operational costs or forcing them out of the market. - **Innovation Stifling**: The added regulatory burden could deter new entrants, reducing competition and innovation in the messaging service sector. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/60a9cad69b45cc3ded1d1759312e49a57b3aa997db62e36016f40642943be5e9.png"> #### **User Experience and Trust** - **Privacy Concerns**: Users may lose trust in messaging platforms if they know their communications are subject to scanning, leading to a decline in user engagement. - **Migration to Unregulated Platforms**: There is a risk that users might shift to less secure or unregulated services, including those operated outside the EU or on the dark web, potentially exposing them to greater risks. #### **Technical and Security Implications** - **Increased Vulnerabilities**: Modifying encryption protocols to comply with Chat Control could introduce security flaws, making platforms more susceptible to hacking and data breaches. - **Global Security Risks**: Changes made to accommodate EU regulations might affect the global user base of these services, extending security risks beyond European borders. #### **Impact on Businesses and Professional Communications** - **Confidentiality Issues**: Businesses that rely on secure messaging for sensitive communications may face challenges in ensuring confidentiality, affecting sectors like finance, healthcare, and legal services. - **Compliance Complexity**: Companies operating internationally will need to navigate a complex landscape of differing regulations, increasing administrative burdens. #### **Economic Consequences** - **Market Fragmentation**: Divergent regulations could lead to a fragmented market, with different versions of services for different regions. - **Loss of Revenue**: Messaging services might experience reduced revenue due to decreased user trust and engagement or the costs associated with compliance. #### **Responses from Service Providers** - **Legal Challenges**: Companies might pursue legal action against the regulations, citing conflicts with privacy laws and user rights. - **Policy Advocacy**: Service providers may increase lobbying efforts to influence policy decisions and promote alternatives to Chat Control. #### **Possible Adaptations** - **Technological Innovation**: Some providers might invest in developing new technologies that can detect illegal content without compromising encryption, though the feasibility remains uncertain. - **Transparency Measures**: To maintain user trust, companies might enhance transparency about how data is handled and what measures are in place to protect privacy. #### The potential consequences of Chat Control for messaging services are profound, affecting not only the companies that provide these services but also the users who rely on them daily. The balance between complying with legal requirements and maintaining user privacy and security presents a significant challenge that could reshape the digital communication landscape. --- ### **What Happens Next? The Future of Chat Control** The future of Chat Control remains uncertain as the debate continues among EU member states, policymakers, technology companies, and civil society organizations. Several factors will influence the outcome of this contentious proposal, each carrying significant implications for digital privacy, security, and the regulatory environment within the European Union. #### **Current Status of Legislation** - **Ongoing Negotiations**: The proposed Chat Control measures are still under discussion within the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Amendments and revisions are being considered in response to the feedback from various stakeholders. - **Timeline**: While there is no fixed date for the final decision, the EU aims to reach a consensus to implement effective measures against online crime without undue delay. #### **Key Influencing Factors** **1. Legal Challenges and Compliance with EU Law** - **Fundamental Rights Assessment**: The proposals must be evaluated against the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, ensuring that any measures comply with rights to privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression. - **Court Scrutiny**: Potential legal challenges could arise, leading to scrutiny by the European Court of Justice (ECJ), which may impact the feasibility and legality of Chat Control. **2. Technological Feasibility** - **Development of Privacy-Preserving Technologies**: Research into methods that can detect illegal content without compromising encryption is ongoing. Advances in this area could provide alternative solutions acceptable to both privacy advocates and security agencies. - **Implementation Challenges**: The practical aspects of deploying scanning technologies across various platforms and services remain complex, and technical hurdles could delay or alter the proposed measures. **3. Political Dynamics** - **Member State Positions**: The differing stances of EU countries, such as Germany's opposition, play a significant role in shaping the final outcome. Consensus among member states is crucial for adopting EU-wide regulations. - **Public Opinion and Advocacy**: Growing awareness and activism around digital privacy can influence policymakers. Public campaigns and lobbying efforts may sway decisions in favor of stronger privacy protections. **4. Industry Responses** - **Negotiations with Service Providers**: Ongoing dialogues between EU authorities and technology companies may lead to compromises or collaborative efforts to address concerns without fully implementing Chat Control as initially proposed. - **Potential for Self-Regulation**: Messaging services might propose self-regulatory measures to combat illegal content, aiming to demonstrate effectiveness without the need for mandatory scanning. #### **Possible Scenarios** **Optimistic Outcome:** - **Balanced Regulation**: A revised proposal emerges that effectively addresses security concerns while upholding strong encryption and privacy rights, possibly through innovative technologies or targeted measures with robust oversight. **Pessimistic Outcome:** - **Adoption of Strict Measures**: Chat Control is implemented as initially proposed, leading to weakened encryption, reduced privacy, and potential withdrawal of services like Signal from the EU market. **Middle Ground:** - **Incremental Implementation**: Partial measures are adopted, focusing on voluntary cooperation with service providers and emphasizing transparency and user consent, with ongoing evaluations to assess effectiveness and impact. #### **How to Stay Informed and Protect Your Privacy** - **Follow Reputable Sources**: Keep up with news from reliable outlets, official EU communications, and statements from privacy organizations to stay informed about developments. - **Engage in the Dialogue**: Participate in public consultations, sign petitions, or contact representatives to express your views on Chat Control and digital privacy. - **Utilize Secure Practices**: Regardless of legislative outcomes, adopting good digital hygiene—such as using strong passwords and being cautious with personal information—can enhance your online security. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/1e2c0cd70d88629c54ac84f928ab107f08f698d2c7f0df511277fb44c1480f0a.png"> #### **The Global Perspective** - **International Implications**: The EU's decision may influence global policies on encryption and surveillance, setting precedents that other countries might follow or react against. - **Collaboration Opportunities**: International cooperation on developing solutions that protect both security and privacy could emerge, fostering a more unified approach to addressing online threats. #### **Looking Ahead** The future of Chat Control is a critical issue that underscores the challenges of governing in the digital age. Balancing the need for security with the protection of fundamental rights is a complex task that requires careful consideration, open dialogue, and collaboration among all stakeholders. As the situation evolves, staying informed and engaged is essential. The decisions made in the coming months will shape the digital landscape for years to come, affecting how we communicate, conduct business, and exercise our rights in an increasingly connected world. --- ### **Conclusion** The debate over Chat Control highlights a fundamental challenge in our increasingly digital world: how to protect society from genuine threats without eroding the very rights and freedoms that define it. While the intention to safeguard children and prevent crime is undeniably important, the means of achieving this through intrusive surveillance measures raise critical concerns. Privacy is not just a personal preference but a cornerstone of democratic societies. End-to-end encryption has become an essential tool for ensuring that our personal conversations, professional communications, and sensitive data remain secure from unwanted intrusion. Weakening these protections could expose individuals and organizations to risks that far outweigh the proposed benefits. The potential consequences of implementing Chat Control are far-reaching: - **Erosion of Trust**: Users may lose confidence in digital platforms, impacting how we communicate and conduct business online. - **Security Vulnerabilities**: Introducing backdoors or weakening encryption can make systems more susceptible to cyberattacks. - **Stifling Innovation**: Regulatory burdens may hinder technological advancement and competitiveness in the tech industry. - **Global Implications**: The EU's decisions could set precedents that influence digital policies worldwide, for better or worse. As citizens, it's crucial to stay informed about these developments. Engage in conversations, reach out to your representatives, and advocate for solutions that respect both security needs and fundamental rights. Technology and policy can evolve together to address challenges without compromising core values. The future of Chat Control is not yet decided, and public input can make a significant difference. By promoting open dialogue, supporting privacy-preserving innovations, and emphasizing the importance of human rights in legislation, we can work towards a digital landscape that is both safe and free. In a world where digital communication is integral to daily life, striking the right balance between security and privacy is more important than ever. The choices made today will shape the digital environment for generations to come, determining not just how we communicate, but how we live and interact in an interconnected world. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/d3f07d8bc7a49ac291f14eb449879462c76ae407abbe728ddc6f93e11fabe11d.png"> --- Thank you for reading this article. We hope it has provided you with a clear understanding of Chat Control and its potential impact on your privacy and digital rights. Stay informed, stay engaged, and let's work together towards a secure and open digital future. ## Read more: - https://www.patrick-breyer.de/en/posts/chat-control/ - https://www.patrick-breyer.de/en/new-eu-push-for-chat-control-will-messenger-services-be-blocked-in-europe/ - https://edri.org/our-work/dutch-decision-puts-brakes-on-chat-control/ - https://signal.org/blog/pdfs/ndss-keynote.pdf - https://tuta.com/blog/germany-stop-chat-control - https://cointelegraph.com/news/signal-president-slams-revised-eu-encryption-proposal - https://mullvad.net/en/why-privacy-matters

@ 623ed218:fa549249

### Donald Trump, Fry Cook I'd seen some photos of Trump working at Mcdonalds floating around. I'm only now realizing it wasn't AI-generated... https://youtu.be/gCFE24BtqGo?si=ha4nd4a4F5fR4SHf originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732974

@ 623ed218:fa549249

So, I just spent about half an hour attempting to connect my Minibits ecash wallet to Stacker.News using NWC. As I found a way to make it work, I figured I'd make a post so hopefully in the future someone can save a little time. When you create a NWC string in Minibits, it doesn't differentiate between connections for sending payments, and connections for receiving them. I attempted to just paste the same connection string in both fields with no luck, as well as attempting to generate a new connection string for use in the "receive" field. This also was unsuccessful. ##### The Workaround: The solution I found is to just paste the connection string from Minibits in the "for sending" field and save. Once this is done, go back to the wallet connection selection page, and select lightning address for receiving payments. Enter your @minibits.cash address into the field and save. This worked for me, I am now able to send and receive zaps to my Minibits wallet from Stacker.News. Things could change in the future, if they do I will try my best to report back on any new info I have regarding this. Woof! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732888

@ 623ed218:fa549249

Get On Zero (Fiat): 2024 Edition ================================  # Theory: The #GetOnZero movement advocates transitioning entirely to Bitcoin, abandoning holding fiat currency in daily life. The goal is to maintain maximal exposure to Bitcoin while minimizing exposure to traditional fiat currencies. Proponents of #GetOnZero believe that by converting all their money into Bitcoin, they not only commit fully to the Bitcoin ecosystem but also protect themselves against inflation and other potential issues with fiat money. While I wouldn't say there is much debate on exactly what qualifies as being "OnZero", there are definitely a number of different interpretations. Some may argue that truly being "OnZero" requires completely opting out of fiat rails, and finding ways to directly pay in bitcoin for all expenses. Personally, I take a slightly more relaxed view, simply pushing for the avoidance of fiat currencies and instruments as savings and investment vehicles, and keeping all our stored value in bitcoin. While the value of being completely "OnZero" are apparent during periods of significant price appreciation against the dollar, I will be the first to acknowledge the potential losses that could result from holding to this strategy during periods of significant negative price action. To this end, I have created a 3-tiered system of strategies, with each strategy tailored to specific market conditions. I understand that the most zealous lazer-eyed #GetOnZero proponents, the strategies below may not align with their personal philosophy on what the strategy is supposed to represent. Take what you will from the strategies laid out below, it is my intent to provide a systematic list of actions to be taken in different market conditions, in an attempt to make things more approachable to the average reader. ------------------------ # GetOnZero Strategies: ### Bull Strategy: Expenses on credit, income to Sats, sell once monthly to pay Fiat bills **Description:** This approach involves using credit cards or lines of credit for all expenses throughout the month. Meanwhile, income is converted immediately into bitcoin (sats). At the end of the month, a portion of Bitcoin is sold to cover the credit card bill and any other fiat-denominated obligations. - **Pros:** - Maximizes bitcoin holdings throughout the month, allowing for potential price appreciation. - Credit cards can offer rewards that can further offset expenses or even be converted into sats. - **Cons:** - Requires a disciplined approach to avoid accumulating debt. - May expose you to volatility risk if bitcoin's value drops before the end-of-month payment. ### Crab Strategy: Expenses on credit, reserve Fiat until EOM, pay bills, stack difference **Description:** In this method, income is initially held in fiat. Expenses are paid using credit, but instead of immediately converting fiat to bitcoin, it is done at the end of the month, once all bills are paid. The remaining balance (after paying bills) is then converted to bitcoin. - **Pros:** - Provides a safety net against bitcoin price volatility during the month. - Ensures that all fiat obligations are covered before committing to bitcoin. - **Cons:** - May reduce bitcoin exposure if the price appreciates during the month. - Requires discipline to consistently allocate remaining fiat to bitcoin. ### Bear Strategy: Fiat Buffer (aka: NotOnZero...) **Description:** This approach involves maintaining a fiat buffer to handle any unexpected expenses or market volatility. While income is mostly converted to bitcoin, a portion remains in fiat to provide liquidity and flexibility. - *When to use: This strategy may be appropriate in times of severe market uncertainty or for those transitioning gradually to the #GetOnZero lifestyle.* - **Pros:** - Offers a cushion for unexpected fiat expenses, reducing the need to sell bitcoin unexpectedly. - Can be adjusted based on individual risk tolerance and liquidity needs. - **Cons:** - Reduces total exposure to bitcoin, potentially missing out on gains. - May require active management to maintain the buffer and adjust it according to changing circumstances. ------------------------ # Liquidity Considerations: Bitcoin's high correlation with global liquidity makes it a reliable barometer for macroeconomic conditions. According to recent analysis by [Lyn Alden](https://primal.net/p/npub1a2cww4kn9wqte4ry70vyfwqyqvpswksna27rtxd8vty6c74era8sdcw83a "https://primal.net/p/npub1a2cww4kn9wqte4ry70vyfwqyqvpswksna27rtxd8vty6c74era8sdcw83a") and [Sam Callahan](https://primal.net/p/npub1fpewuyx9rekj9487v2uawmg2any7tm7hpfw9at4q2r42u9jk792qg9vrkt "https://primal.net/p/npub1fpewuyx9rekj9487v2uawmg2any7tm7hpfw9at4q2r42u9jk792qg9vrkt"), bitcoin's price aligns with global liquidity trends in 83% of 12-month periods, demonstrating its sensitivity to central bank policies and money supply changes.​ [(Bitcoin: A Global Liquidity Barometer)](https://www.lynalden.com/bitcoin-a-global-liquidity-barometer/ "https://www.lynalden.com/bitcoin-a-global-liquidity-barometer/") Given bitcoin's responsiveness, different #GetOnZero strategies may be effective depending on liquidity environments: - **The Bull Strategy** is ideal in *increasing liquidity environments*, where bitcoin's value is more likely to rise, and the individual can benefit from holding sats longer before converting. - **The Crab Strategy** is suitable for *flat or slightly decreasing liquidity environments*, as it provides a way to manage fiat expenses and avoid forced bitcoin sales during short-term downturns. - **The Bear Strategy** is a possible strategy for *periods of sharp reductions in liquidity* which have historically accompanied bear markets in bitcoin. It is specifically not being "On Zero", but that doesn't mean there might not be times where that itself is a good strategy. The paper emphasizes that while bitcoin's long-term price direction generally follows liquidity changes, short-term deviations can occur due to idiosyncratic events or internal market dynamics. Savers could monitor bitcoin-specific metrics like the Market Value to Realized Value (MVRV) Z-score to gauge potential overvaluation or undervaluation periods. This, combined with global liquidity trends, allows for more informed strategy adjustments​. ------------------------ # Pup's #GetOnZero Workflow: So how do I live my life "OnZero"? Let's dig into it. At present, my workflow most matches the "Bull Strategy", and I use Fold to make this an easy process. [Fold](https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP "https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP"), (who is not sponsoring this), allows me to direct deposit my fiat paychecks and have them auto-converted to bitcoin. Within the app, I have 3 balances, A cash balance (Sutton Bank), a bitcoin balance (BitGo), and a reward balance.  I use credit for all my spending throughout the month, matching fiat expenses to various cards that allow me to get the most rewards for using them. My paychecks are direct-deposited to Fold and auto-converted to bitcoin where it is held until the end of the month when my fiat bills are due. At the end of the month, I utilize Fold's "Push to Card" feature to sell the exact amount needed to make my fiat payments where it then appears ~10 minutes later in my cash balance.  \ From there, its just a matter of paying my fiat bills via ACH, at which time Fold actually gives me sats back as rewards! Additionally, Fold has partnerships with a number of companies and offers sats back on giftcard purchases. I will take advantage of these deals on occasion when the rewards exceed what I would earn from putting expenses on a credit card and paying it via ACH. This section has ended up sounding way more like an advertisement than I intended, but I really can't recommend their services enough if they are available where you live. [Fold](https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP "https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP") greatly simplifies my Bitcoin life by bridging the worlds of fiat and bitcoin. I know some may take issue with holding sats with a custodian, personally I just keep about a month of expenses there. I wholly recommend keeping your bitcoin in cold storage, but I can accept some risk on a small portion of my sats for the convenience it brings to my life. Between the option of keeping 1 month of expenses with a custodian in fiat, or in bitcoin, I'll happily choose the latter, but these are risks and tradeoffs that I have chosen to accept after doing my own research, and I would implore you to do your own research as well. To bring this all to a close, I hope you have found this article informative, or at least entertaining. Feel free to reach out if you have any questions about anything I have discussed here! **Block 866568 - MSK 1458** ------------------------ # **Digging Deeper:** ### Hey there, I hope you enjoyed this read! If you did, and would like to read more of my barks, follow the links below! - Curious how I found Bitcoin? Read ["Paw Prints to the Timechain"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1") - Bitcoin meets psychology? I touch on this in ["Maslow's Apex"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1") - Want to understand the basics of Bitcoin? Read ["Bitcoin Best Practice"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1") - If you like seeing bad media takes unpacked, check out ["Pup's Double-Takes"](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/Pups-Double-Takes/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/Pups-Double-Takes/#wbb1") ### External Resources: - Want to earn rewards on your mortgage? [Use my referral to earn 20,000 free sats at sign up!](https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP "https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP") - Do you like sharing Bitcoin content and earning sats for doing so? [Join me at Stacker.news!](https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup "https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup") ### Special Mention: - **@realBitcoinDog: Without whose persistent nudging, I wouldn't be writing here.** ...Woof! ======== [](https://primal.net/p/npub1vgldyxx7syc30qm9v7padnnfpdfp4zwymsyl9ztzuklaf7j5jfyspk36wu) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732833

@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1

(Please note that this is not official financial or business advice, but rather a description of something we have done, on an informal basis.) # A long, long time ago It's been nearly a year, since nostr:nprofile1qydhwumn8ghj7argv4nx7un9wd6zumn0wd68yvfwvdhk6tcpypmhxue69uhkummnw3ezuetfde6kuer6wasku7nfvuh8xurpvdjj7qpqs3ht77dq4zqnya8vjun5jp3p44pr794ru36d0ltxu65chljw8xjqv5atj2 came into being, mostly as a lark, involving a couple of members of our private chat group. Our initial plan was to work toward bounties, but Nostr bounties are a bit of a biased, uncertain thing, and our enthusiasm for that quickly waned. So, what to do? Here we are, we three (nostr:npub1ecdlntvjzexlyfale2egzvvncc8tgqsaxkl5hw7xlgjv2cxs705s9qs735, nostr:npub1wqfzz2p880wq0tumuae9lfwyhs8uz35xd0kr34zrvrwyh3kvrzuskcqsyn, and I): IT professionals with little time, but plenty of intellectual energy, a Slack chat, a [GitHub repo](https://github.com/ShadowySupercode), and lots of frustration with the Nostr status quo. We were, you see, Nostr end-users. We loved the idea of the protocol, but we were being regularly stymied by the poor quality of many implementations. * Why can I not login? Oh, they fixed the login! Nope, still can't login. * If I press this button, it says it sent, but it didn't send. Where note? * They announced a new feature, but I tried it and it didn't work. Oh well. * I noticed a bug in the client, reported it, and the issue is just rotting away in the project repo. Ignored. * The website/relay/repo was here... yesterday. Today it has disappeared, and taken my zaps with it. It was enough to make us want to tear our hair out. We decided that what Nostr needed... what it _really_ needed... was a **Nostr Stable Version**. Nothing glamorous. Nothing exotic. Nothing busy or excitable. Just something that stayed where you initially found it, ran, and actually worked. Something where you could report a bug and receive a prompt response. Maybe even something, where you could pay a reasonable fee and be _allowed to have expectations_ of some particular service being returned. And who better to build such a version, than people who want to use it, themselves? # Things working is an underrated concept I know that the very idea of software _running as expected_ and websites not appearing and disappearing suddenly, based upon what some particular developer had for lunch, tends to be met with little but scorn, from hardened, seasoned Nostriches (who are convinced that bugs are _all_ features), but I think the majority of potential users would see it differently. I'm with the majority, on this one. I like to click "save" buttons and have them save. If I publish something, I want it to appear under my list of published somethings. I like to type in the website address I always type in, and have it magically appear on my screen, as if there were a little man sitting at controls in my laptop, just waiting for me to write H-T-T-P-S... and then jump to attention. My unreasonable expectations have no bounds, it is true. But unreasonable people are also people, so we would also like to have our own unreasonable things to play with. Scorn away. My save button will save, and my published something will publish, and my website will load _every damn time_, just to spite you. In the larger scheme of things, you see, we win even if we fail, if we at least increase the competition enough, that _things working_ becomes the new standard. We can simply prove, definitively, that it is possible for Nostr things to work, if they are built by people who care if they work. If we also have fun together, learn something new, and come up with some cool, novel use cases, then that's pure profit. We can only win, at this endeavor. # Where to start? ## Name that brand So, we had a team, we had a business idea, and we had a heck of a lot of motivation. What we didn't have, is a name. (Never underestimate the importance of naming things.) We decided to name ourselves "GitCitadel" because "git" sounds techy, hints at our GitRepublic project, and is reminiscent of open-source development, and "citadel" reminds us of Bitcoin. The republic is at home in the citadel, naturally. All other products also live in the same citadel, hence the naming-convention of prefacing everything with "GC" (i.e. "GC Alexandria", "GC Sybil", "GC Aedile", etc.). ## Brand yourself The next thing we did, was rent a domain and run a webserver on it. This is an important step because it gives you an Internet presence, allows you to have company NIP-05 and email addresses (a form of promotion), and it's simply exciting to have one. Feels so much more "official" and it helps increase the name-recognition of your company. ## Define yourself We then sat down, together, over the Internet, and figured out who we are. Not who we individually are, but who we are, as a company. A company, after all, (according to the Cambridge Dictionary) is "an organization that produces or sells goods or services in order to make a profit". Now, a company's profits don't have to be monetary, but they should be something tangible. A company, in other words, is a team of people working toward some defined goal. What is our goal? Well, we decided to think it over, sat down with the newer additions to the company (you can see who they are, on our [project wiki page](https://wikistr.com/gitcitadel-project), and came up with a Vision and a Mission:  The _vision_ is what the overall goals of the company are, whereas the _mission_ describes how those goals shall be achieved. Now, this is a sort of lofty, abstract statement, so it was important that we posted it someplace publicly (to keep ourselves accountable) and look at it regularly, so that we can ponder it and realign whatever we are currently working on, with this statement. We know the statement is well-designed, if considering it helps us make decisions about what to do next. ## Pay yourselves (I'm going to switch from "we" to "you", here, as it's easier to write this part, but let's just pretend I didn't.)  The next thing on the list, is to arrange the finances, usually by setting up a Geyserfund, with an associated wallet, and then deciding how the funds from the wallet will be dispersed or stored. (I won't tell you how we are handling that, as that's internal company business, but I'm sure you'll think of something clever, yourselves. Or just google it.) I would encourage you to arrange to pay yourselves profits. Not merely because your idea is going to make you all fabulously wealthy and internationally famous (although, that is obviously true), but because _profits are the most pure form of communication that consumers in the market have_ with its producers, and one of the best ways to make decisions and measure increases in efficiency (increasing profits and/or output, while keeping prices steady or falling). Cutting off this signal, in order to look pious to outsiders, is to shoot yourself in your free-market foot. Nobody says that you have to spend your profits on the proverbial _lambo and a bimbo_. You could donate them to charity, reinvest them, or store them for your nephews to inherit, but **pay them out, you should**. You don't have to love money, to value it as a tool and use it shrewdly. Money is a measure, and companies should regularly measure themselves: against their previous state, against their potential state, and against their competition. (Also, you can use money to buy a lambo and a bimbo, but you didn't hear that from me.) ## Organize yourselves Once you've been working together, for a while, you'll find that you need to figure out how to organize yourselves. The first step is to... ### Form a board of directors. Stop laughing. I'm serious. Any company has at least two roles (President and Secretary), ideally held by two different people, so any single-proprietor company is a man down. Find a different person, to be your Second, even if they're just your confident, who lets you cry on your shoulder on The Bad Days, when your code refuses to compile, and can tell people that you've become a Bitcoin millionaire and have gone on a sabbatical to hike the Himalayas and will be back in 3 months on The Very Good Days. Because business man was not meant to be alone. If, like us, you're a small herd of people and have already been working together for a while, then this step is actually really, really fun. Just think about what people are already doing, and put a label on it. That role is now defined and it is clear who is in charge of what. Scientists become "Chief Science Officer" or "Scientific Advisor". The person who always writes the _okay, so this is what we've decided_ comment in the thread becomes the Secretary, the one managing the Lightning wallet and worrying over paying for the servers is the CFO, the person running the remote server becomes the CTO, and so on and etc. And everyone knows who the CEO is. Everyone always knows. They do. Just write it down. ### Agree how to disagree Now, have the secretary write up a Member's Agreement. It's a contract between the members, about whatever the group thinks is important concerning the way the company will operate. According to [Investopedia](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/llc-operating-agreement.asp), common topics are:  Is this legally binding? Probably not. Maybe. I don't know and wouldn't tell you, even if I did. But it's _emotionally binding_, which is arguably more important. Writing things down is an advanced form of _naming things_ and it provides clarity, helps to manage expectations, and allows you to define a working agreement before Real Money shows up and taints your interaction. You're just accepting tips, at the moment. Everyone is calm and cheerful, so now is your best time to negotiate. Keep it very simple and only address the most basic things. If you wish to incorporate, at a later date, then you just take this to a registered agent, or other experienced person, and have them tidy up any loose ends and add the fine print. ## Go forth, together This has probably taken you weeks, or even months, but you're now a company. Get a logo and a company npub, start dropping the company name into your notes, and get on with the business of being in business.

@ bcea2b98:7ccef3c9

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732719

@ bcea2b98:7ccef3c9

The Bitcoin space is constantly evolving with new ideas, technologies, and innovations. From Lightning Network advancements to privacy improvements, there’s always something happening that could change the future of Bitcoin. What do you think is the most exciting or innovative development in Bitcoin right now? I've been following a lot of privacy related advancement in Bitcoin and LN and look forward to learning about more solutions. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732534

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I've lost an astonishing 15 straight bets at [Nitrobetting](https://newsite.nitroadmin.eu). Remarkably, I still think most of them were the right play. Hoping for a rebound this week. I'm happily watching the Pats get out to an early lead. I took their moneyline at +207. Following the same logic I used in the preseason, neither of these terrible teams should be heavy favorites. My other picks this week: - Parlay: Seahawks moneyline + the over (+350) - Lions moneyline (+110) - Raiders moneyline (+240) - Parlay: Chiefs moneyline + the over (+270) - Parlay: Steelers moneyline + the under (+300) It's not often you can get the Chiefs as underdogs and they tend to put up points on SF. How are the 1-4 Rams favored by almost a touchdown against anyone? I still don't believe in the Jets. The Seahawks and Lions are underdogs for some reason, despite being the better teams. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732430

@ 8dac122d:0fc98d37

## What all this is about? Where the eternal dilemma and the reasoning between Classified Ads and Ads Listings, there's a need for the two types of advertising, as always has been. Now, in the digital age, we blur that line even further, because most online sites mix a little of both together, creating new ads or marketing models. Both classified ads and listings have long histories. Classified ads date back to the early 1700s. Newspapers used them as a cheap way to advertise. Originally, classified ads had categories. But they were only for job and real estate listings or for services. They would later change to include more ads, like product listings and personal items. Listings are those that bloomed with the rise of directories and business listings. Such listings are more organized and structured. A business would provide all the details about its products or services. Another major difference is that classifieds are less organized than listings. Classifieds cover many subjects, while listings are specific and usually categorized. Also, classifieds are for short-term ads. Listings are for long-term ones and can be reused indefinitely. These two advertising types are also, maybe unconsciously, reflected in the nostr protocol. They both coexist and support each other depending on how the user uses them. NIP-99 standardizes listing implementations in the Nostr protocol. In common terms, we could define them as Ads. The name "Classified Listings" suggests a classification. But, the listings are not structured. They just organize simple data, sharing info about products, services, events, and any other stuff users want to advertise. ## The key difference between Classified Ads (NIP-15) and Ads Listings (NIP-99) NIP-99, on the other hand, focuses on classified ads. The name "Nostr Marketplace" is generic and maybe confusing. But, it's more structured than listings and covers different topics and use cases. This NIP adds rules for making and sharing classified ads. It covers the default title, description, and images. It also covers the merchant, stall, currency, and shipping details. The naming is confusing. Neither NIP offers a way to classify products and services in their specs. The only way nostr offer some type of categorization or classification is through the t-tag, or more commonly known as #hasgtag. Include few keywords in your Listing (NIP-99) or Classified (NIP-15) Ads. It will help your item be found in the vast sea of data. Both NIP-15 and NIP-99 standardize listings and ads in Nostr. They let users create ads, products, or services that use the Nostr protocol to share and manage this info. This new approach let a lot of freedom to clients and apps to chose how and what to display for their users. In the nostr ecosystem, we see some cases. For example, Shopstr, Cypher.Space, and Coracle target Listing Ads (NIP-99). Plebian.Market and LNbits Marketplace aim to simplify managing classified ads (NIP-15). Each of these platforms are focusing on a specific NIP, but is that the right approach? What if, instead, we let the user decide how to use them based on their needs? ## The Future of Advertising and How Nostr Could Redefine Classifieds and Listings Imagine a generic clinet that instead limiting what the user suppose to publish, just provide an interface to introduce data. Depending on the user's data, the client could define and publish the contents on multiple NIPs at once, instantly and simultaneously. Or in a near future, on a scheduled and more structured way. In the ~AGORA, we discussed a nostr integration. We want to crosspost future Ads-posts on nostr, as SN does for discussion-type posts. This NIP ambiguity has not been helping, and that's why hope this post provide a bit more clarity. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732291

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

M5Stick-NEMO: Firmware para Pegadinhas de Alta Tecnologia em Dispositivos M5Stack ESP32 , Este projeto oferece uma solução eficaz sem comprometer a qualidade, ideal para quem busca uma experiência educativa e divertida no universo do hacking. https://nostrcheck.me/media/public/nostrcheck.me_2674216785970862911706546228.webp Desenvolvido por Noah Axon-n0xa, o M5Stick-NEMO é um projeto pessoal que surgiu da vontade de aprender mais sobre o desenvolvimento do ESP32 com o Arduino IDE. Inspirado por desafios populares na comunidade de tecnologia, NEMO replica pegadinhas comuns, proporcionando uma experiência educativa e divertida. Características Principais: - Portal NEMO WiFi: um captive portal login que tenta criar credenciais de e-mail de engenharia social - salva nomes de usuário e senhas no cartão SD (se inserido em um leitor compatível) - Porta TV B-Gone para desligar dispositivos controlados por infravermelho. - Spam de emparelhamento de dispositivo AppleJuice iOS Bluetooth. - Spam de notificação de dispositivo Bluetooth para SwiftPair (Windows) e Android. - Spam de WiFi com SSIDs engraçados, WiFi Rickrolling e modo aleatório. - Scanner SSID WiFi: exibe e clona SSIDs próximos. - Relógio digital ajustável pelo usuário com suporte do M5 Stick RTC. - Configurações apoiadas por EEPROM para rotação, brilho, escurecimento automático e SSID do Portal NEMO. - Nível da bateria e créditos no menu de configurações. Interface de Usuário: - Três controles principais: Home, Próximo e Selecionar. Portal NEMO: No modo NEMO Portal, o NEMO ativa um Hotspot WiFi aberto chamado "Nemo Free WiFi" (configurável em portal.h) com servidores DNS, DHCP e Web ativados. - O Portal NEMO exibe uma página de login falsa que afirma fornecer acesso à Internet se você fizer login. - Este é um ataque de engenharia social e registrará o nome de usuário e as senhas inseridas na página. - Nos detalhes do Wifi Scan, você pode clonar um SSID existente na lista de verificação. Sair do Portal NEMO limpará o SSID Evil Twin - Você pode visualizar as credenciais capturadas conectando-se ao portal a partir do seu próprio dispositivo e navegando até http://172.0.0.1/creds - Você pode definir um SSID personalizado conectando-se ao portal a partir do seu próprio dispositivo e navegando até http://172.0.0.1/ssid - Se o seu dispositivo suportar EEPROM para configurações, o SSID personalizado inserido será salvo como padrão, mesmo se estiver desligado. - Se o seu dispositivo tiver um leitor de cartão SD com um cartão formatado em sistema de arquivos FAT inserido, os nomes de usuário e senhas serão registrados em nemo-portal-creds.txt no cartão SD para você ler mais tarde. - O suporte a cartão SD só está habilitado por padrão na plataforma M5Stack Cardputer. Ele pode ser habilitado em dispositivos M5Stick, mas um leitor de cartão SD deve ser construído e conectado ao pino do painel frontal. - O Portal NEMO deve ser usado apenas em compromissos profissionais com um escopo válido de trabalho, fins educacionais ou de demonstração. O armazenamento, venda ou uso de informações pessoais sem consentimento é contra a lei.🤓 Instalação: 1. Visite o site oficial: M5Stack Docs https://docs.m5stack.com/en/download 2. Baixe o programa oficial M5Burner. 3. Procure pelo projeto "NEMO For M5Stick C Plus". 4. Conecte o M5 à porta USB do seu PC. 5. Abra o M5Burner, selecione o projeto e clique em "Burn". Experimente algumas funções do FlipperZero no seu M5. Para recursos adicionais e a liberdade de personalização, compile e baixe diretamente o programa "NEMO-M5Stick C Plus" no GitHub do projeto. Isso não só permite explorar, mas também modificar e aprimorar o projeto de acordo com suas preferências. Repositório oficial no GitHub https://github.com/n0xa/m5stick-nemo Assista a um tutorial sobre a implementação do M5Stick-NEMO. https://youtu.be/uFzQTzZo-6E?si=BJJzNmiN0Jzw42Eu https://youtu.be/uTeCbR_hWjc?si=l88w_Hl3EXuKa6gv Além disso, você pode aprimorar seu M5 com o MURAUDER, um conjunto abrangente de ferramentas ofensivas e defensivas WiFi/Bluetooth para o ESP32. Encontre-o no GitHub: ESP32Marauder https://github.com/justcallmekoko/ESP32Marauder Assista a um tutorial sobre a implementação do MURAUDER: https://youtu.be/GQPzgYksdkg?si=dWN-GwEP5r6hk9IC

@ c11cf5f8:4928464d

Let's hear some of your latest Bitcoin purchases, feel free to include links to the shops or merchants you bought from too. If you missed our last thread, [here](https://stacker.news/items/721244/r/AG) are some of the items stackers recently spent their sats on. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732230

@ 41d0a715:9733c512

If you object to something a Fellow CowBoy is representing, it should be OK to call him out. We need to remove the factor of unequal wealth or the huge stack of Satoshis one person has. Challenging a Fellow CowBoy is a very serious insult. It deserves a clear cut outcome. The Metaphor of "A Show Down on Main Street' is where the accuser and the accused settle things to the Death. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/732035

@ 41d0a715:9733c512

I was offline all day. So imagine my surprise tonight to see this low point of *BullShitters* using up all my **Bandwith** while catching up on Stacker News. Let's get back a little Sanity y'all. May need to resurrect the idea of **Downvotes**. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/731886

@ 623ed218:fa549249

Pup's Double-Takes #002: ======================== "Should You Spend Bitcoin?" ===========================  Welcome to Pup's Double-Takes, where I dive into the things that made me stop and say, 'Wait, what?' My goal is to unpack the curious and confusing, making it educational and, hopefully, a little entertaining along the way. ### PDT-002: Should You Spend Bitcoin? *"Why would I buy anything with Bitcoin when the price could go up so much?"* This question reflects a common debate about spending Bitcoin, but many discussions miss the forest for the trees regarding our broader economic activity. So let's take a step back and dive into what really matters. ### The Bitcoin Pizza Story You've probably heard the story of Laszlo Hanyecz, who spent 10,000 Bitcoin on two Papa John's pizzas on May 22, 2010---a day now known as Bitcoin Pizza Day. At the time of writing, those 10,000 Bitcoin would be worth around $670 million. That's a staggering number, but notice my phrasing here. I did not say, "those pizzas would be worth $670 million." This is an important distinction. Those pizzas were perishable, consumable goods that gave Laszlo value in the moment. Nobody would argue that pizza retains value over time---once it's eaten, it's gone. So, it doesn't make sense to say those pizzas were ever worth $670 million. ### What About You? Here's the more interesting question: Did you buy any pizzas in 2010? Did you buy any Bitcoin? You might think Laszlo was foolish for spending 10,000 Bitcoin on pizzas, but if you bought any pizzas or other goods in 2010 and didn't buy Bitcoin, you essentially made the same decision he did. You valued the goods and services you consumed more than you valued Bitcoin. And that's the real point here: Every financial decision you make reflects what you value in that moment. At the time, Laszlo valued two pizzas more than he valued 10,000 Bitcoin. You, too, valued whatever you purchased more than Bitcoin---whether you were aware of Bitcoin or not. ### The Opportunity Cost of Every Transaction Every transaction involves an opportunity cost---the value of the next best alternative you forgo when making a choice. When you spend money---whether it's Bitcoin, dollars, or any other currency---you're making a decision. You're choosing to exchange one form of value for another, and that decision comes at the expense of using that money for anything else. When you bought a pizza with fiat currency, you were implicitly saying that the value of the pizza was worth more than anything else you could have done with that money at the time, whether that was purchasing a different good, or saving in Bitcoin, or some other store of value. And that's okay. This is how economics works for everyone. This is where I take issue: Considering the potential future value of Bitcoin and deciding not to spend it reflects a narrow and incomplete view of your economic actions. When you spend Bitcoin on a pizza, you're giving up your stake in whatever future price action that Bitcoin may have seen. But the same consequences exist in every financial transaction you make. Instead of focusing solely on the Bitcoin part of your financial life, I would argue we should take a more holistic approach. ### Cash Flow and Savings Cash flow is simple: it's the difference between what you earn and what you spend. Ideally, your income is higher than your expenses, leaving you with a surplus of money ("labor receipts") to invest or save. The second key concept is the quality of your savings vehicles. Bitcoin is seen by many as a superior store of value compared to fiat money, which loses purchasing power over time due to inflation. Bitcoin's finite and metered supply issuance means that it is likely to maintain its purchasing power against goods and services, unlike rapidly inflating fiat currencies. As a relatively small monetary network still early in its adoption cycle, it may even gain value against these goods and services over time, even if its value may swing wildly over shorter time frames as the market determines its present value. This leads us to the reason I find it nonsensical to make any blanket statements about whether or not you should be spending Bitcoin. ### The Bitcoin Standard If you denominate your life in Bitcoin terms, you will realize that every non-Bitcoin purchase comes at the expense of being able to hold Bitcoin. There is functionally no difference between paying for a pizza with Bitcoin or paying for it with fiat. In both cases, you have chosen to acquire a consumable good with value you had saved. Am I arguing that you should blow your entire stack while retaining your fiat? Obviously not. But why would you be saving fiat in the first place? Ultimately, there is an argument to be made for holding a small amount of fiat to cover necessary payments should the price of Bitcoin drop. However, the focus should not be on whether you are spending Bitcoin or fiat, but rather on the value you're exchanging. ### Conclusion The real issue isn't the question of whether you should spend Bitcoin or fiat; it's the understanding that every financial transaction, regardless of currency, is a choice to exchange value. Whether you're using Bitcoin or dollars to buy a pizza or pay your rent, you're parting with a portion of your stored value to obtaining a good or service you value, at the expense of obtaining anything else with that portion of stored value. The currency used is just the medium---it's the value you exchange that matters. Digging Deeper: =============== ### Hey there, I hope you enjoyed this read! If you did, and would like to read more of my barks, follow the links below! - Curious how I found Bitcoin? Read "[Paw Prints to the Timechain](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/paw-prints-to-the-timechain/#wbb1")"! - Bitcoin meets psychology? I touch on this in "[Maslow's Apex](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/maslows-apex/#wbb1")". - Want to understand the basics of Bitcoin? Read "[Bitcoin Best Practice](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/bitcoin-best-practice/#wbb1")"! - If you like seeing bad media takes unpacked, check out "[PDT-001: Let's Talk Supply Issuance](https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/lets-talk-supply-issuance/#wbb1 "https://bitcoinbarks.com/Barks/lets-talk-supply-issuance/#wbb1")". ### External Resources: - Want to earn rewards on your mortgage? [Use my referral to earn 20,000 free sats at sign up!](https://use.foldapp.com/r/7KYTK4CP) - Do you like sharing Bitcoin content and earning sats for doing so? [Join me at Stacker.news!](https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup "https://stacker.news/r/bitcoin_pup") ...Woof! ======== [](https://primal.net/p/npub1vgldyxx7syc30qm9v7padnnfpdfp4zwymsyl9ztzuklaf7j5jfyspk36wu) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/731850

@ 2cde0e02:180a96b9

Pen, ink, and watercolors.  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/731380

@ 6f170f27:711e26dd

 > The Little Ice Age began in the 1300s, and we would not return to warmer times until the late 1700s. Resurgences in witch trials were associated with negative temperature shocks, such as those from a volcanic eruption. Witch trials returned around 1560, when a relatively warm lull ended > It is striking how much of the folk belief in witchcraft was specifically about their control of the weather. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/731310

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rbqY19UwyLw?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 434a234c:0a2f68b4

***To Review Part 4 (https://stacker.news/items/711797/r/AndyAdvance)*** ***Scoring rubric is as follows:*** 5 - This law promoted 360 degrees of freedom. Bitcoiners around the world would champion this 4 3 2 1 - This bill is something straight out the communist/socialist playbook very anti freedom. Leads to forever wars endless spending and bad wellbeing for the american people Now a look at the fifth bill that became law. ***Public Law No: 111-240*** (09/30/2010) # Multinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp Act of 2010 Source(https://www.congress.gov/bill/111th-congress/house-bill/1454?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22lummis%22%7D&s=1&r=49) ## The Bill in Summary: Multinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp Act of 2010 - Requires the United States Postal Service to issue and sell, at a premium, a Multinational Species Conservation Funds Semipostal Stamp. Requires the use of such a stamp to be voluntary on the part of postal patrons. Requires proceeds from the sale of such stamp to be: (1) transferred to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to help fund the operations supported by the Multinational Species Conservation Funds; and (2) divided equally among the African Elephant Conservation Fund, the Asian Elephant Conservation Fund, the Great Ape Conservation Fund, the Marine Turtle Conservation Fund, the Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Fund, and other international wildlife conservation funds authorized by Congress after the date of this Act's enactment. Prohibits such proceeds from being taken into account in any decision relating to the level of appropriations or other federal funding to be furnished to the USFWS or such Funds. Requires the stamp to be made available to the public for at least two years. Prohibits such proceeds from being used to fund or support the Wildlife Without Borders Program or to supplement funds made available for the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Fund. # The Score (3/5) Another middle of the road bill from Sen. Lummis. Tax payer (or treasury bond sales) dollars are used to pass a bill to have the USPS issue animal stamps. I gave this a 3 because it is another middle of the road type of law that 99% of Americans don't really care about. The cause is good that it provides funds to conserve animals and wildlife which is way better then spending money on the military industrial complex. One may ask why can't this be done in the private sector? Why must Congress waste time energy and resources on such bills. These wildlife interests' groups can go to USPS directly and do a deal and just print the damn stamps. Why does this need an act of congress. A bill that must pass both the house and senate and be singed by the president. Such a joke # Total Score (13/25) After five bills Sen. Lummis has 13 points out of a total 25. ***That is good for 52% freedom score.*** This bill is another nothing burger. I love nature as much as the next guy but an act of congress to put animals on paper stamps for to pay for snail mail is just a waste of time. Bills like this are part of the dog and pony show that congress does. It makes you think that its one big circle jerk. This is Sen. Lummis 5th bill she was attached to that doesn't move the needle for freedom and self-sovereignty. Shes trending at a 52% clip because the sales of these nonsense bills do go to more well-being ideas like Girl Scouts and wildlife preservation but so far I am not impressed with Sen. Lummis. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/731090

@ 188302bb:9052db11

$75/year in bitcoin or eth. If you want to know more join our [discord](https://discord.gg/nxHgWJzTVy) or [telegram](https://t.me/+nX2Wo-vwxEkxYmEx) But the just is over 8k live channels from across the globe, over 20,000 on demand movies and tv shows and up to 3 connections per subscription for $75/year. Bitcoin or eth accepted. Works with tivimate, emby, plex, zymotv and kodi. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/730963

@ bcea2b98:7ccef3c9

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729964

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

I played at the "Freedom Stage" last night, which I think was ironically paid for by Fifth Third Bank. Anyway, I wore my freedom hat. I was wringing my hands the whole time about whether or not to put a bitcoin.rocks sticker on the plaque for that piece of the Berlin wall. In the end, I don't think that's the hill I want to die on. I'd rather get thrown in prison for helping some overseas political dissenter with my node. I'm back at this festival on Saturday and am going to bring some [cashus](https://stacker.news/items/729712) to distribute.                originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729732

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

Here's a link to the [original post](https://stacker.news/items/717596). After watching stacker news live from that week, I took @bitcoinplebdev and @k00b's advise and added a QR code to cashu.me on the ticket. The nutcracker doesn't actually need to sign into a mint on entry, so this should be a pretty quick onboarding process.  _{These nuts have all been cracked, by the way. Just trying to save you some time.} The next step is to get some nice stationary paper. This is gonna be a killer Halloween. Here's the repo if anybody else wants to pass these out: https://github.com/ttooccooll/snickerbar.me originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729712

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

It's been one year since I began my campaign to get stackers to zap more: https://stacker.news/items/287074/r/Undisciplined. I've made several such appeals based on how zapping benefits the zapper indirectly by supporting the territories they like (https://stacker.news/items/614066/r/Undisciplined ), rewarding the kind of content and behavior they want to see (https://stacker.news/items/523858/r/Undisciplined), and reducing spam (https://stacker.news/items/621288/r/Undisciplined). I also described how incentive problems in the reward system might lead to pathological zapping behavior (https://stacker.news/items/473181/r/Undisciplined) and why it's not in Stackers' best interest to game the rewards system (https://stacker.news/items/546904/r/Undisciplined). # Zapping More to Reduce Gaming of the Leader Board There have been a few instances of people clearly gaming the rewards system by correctly predicting which posts will become top posts and zapping them very shortly after they've been posted (clearly too quickly to have actually read the post). I'm not particularly bothered by this, but I know some stackers are. What these gamers are doing is exploiting an inefficiency in how the rest of us are behaving. In previous discussions about this, I made the point that this behavior is self-correcting. That was based on basic econ logic about profits tending to zero when there are no barriers to entry (basically, someone else will try to zap posts immediately, too, and the gamers will cannibalize themselves). One way to resolve that inefficiency is to zap faster, but another is to zap more. Zapping faster may not be feasible if you actually want to read posts before zapping them (although you can sort on recent if you're not already doing that to catch posts earlier). However, as I've been harping on for a year now, zapping more is often in the Stacker's own interest anyway. The reason these gamers are able to fly up the leader board with relatively few sats zapped is because they're getting to the top of the "top post zapper" rankings. The leader board rankings are based on where stackers rank in four separate categories: top posts, top comments, zapping top posts, and zapping top comments. It is also non-linear: i.e. the difference between 1st and 2nd in a category is greater than the difference between 5th and 6th. The gamers are essentially ranking 1st in one category and last in all the others, but that's sufficient to make it high up the leader board and reap significant rewards. The threshold for ranking 1st in zapping top posts would be higher if the rest of us were zapping top posts more (and zapping them quicker). At the very least, that would mean those trying to game the system would also have to zap more to hold onto their place, which would mean more rewards for the rest of and less net benefit for them. # TL;DR If you don't like seeing people gaming the leader board, zapping more will make it harder for them, while getting more sats to the creators you like and netting you some more rewards. It's win-win-lose, but you don't like the loser. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729620

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

[Part 1](https://stacker.news/items/682462) Part 2:  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729510

@ acc925af:db9fb0bb

## SUMMARY >["LNHANCE.ORG"](https://lnhance.org/#hero), launched to show the LNhance proposal by __Brandon Black (Reardencode)__ and __4moonsettler__, which aims to improve Bitcoin's scalability, privacy, and flexibility by introducing four new opcodes. These opcodes enable several enhancements for the Lightning Network, including the creation of symmetrical channels, non-interactive channels, and more efficient vault setups. The proposal also introduces payment pools, which allow users to share UTXOs and create channels without requiring individual transaction footprints on-chain. Overall, LNhance seeks to advance Bitcoin's capabilities by facilitating more efficient and secure transactions within the Lightning Network. #### Audio Summary below👇🏽👇🏽 [Audio Summary](https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/742bc7ea-68f0-4f78-90f9-c280e6f4bbe4/audio) originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/729359

@ 000002de:c05780a7

In the US its that time of year. Election season. My mailbox is littered each day with crap from these clowns. They go straight into the trash. As I was throwing one away today I saw that it said, So and so is one of us. The classic appeal. I have news for you younger stackers. No politician is one of us. Even the rare good one. You and I have more in common with our neighbor that disagrees with on politics than we do with a politician that seems to agree with us. Why? The politician doesn't produce anything of value. They do not work for you and I. They work for themselves and their corporate overlords. Those in the higher positions have even less in common with us. They the servants of the elite. As much as they may try to tell you that they come from middle class roots. Or they had to work their way up, they are in a privileged position. If we are to ever live in peace we must tune out their divisive messaging and learn to live in peace with our neighbors. We do not have to agree on every issue. It is rare when I have had an actual issue with another person that related to political positions they may hold. The truth is, most of them do not matter. But they are amplified with the intention of dividing communities. Divided communities are easier to control. You want to be free? Free your mind. Talk to your neighbors. Get to know people around you. Provide help when you can. Be a good neighbor. Don't look for areas to divide on. Look for areas of common ground. When you disagree, agree to disagree. It seems like we have forgotten out to do that. This is what I'm trying to do at least. I can't change my community but I can affect those I interact with by my actions. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/728892

@ e968e50b:db2a803a

Hey everybody! There is now a webLN version of my [Piggysats Wallet](https://piggysats-webln.vercel.app). Just head over to this [link](https://piggysats-webln.vercel.app) and sign in with your Alby wallet or other web extension wallet. The goal of these piggy bank fronts are to create savings tools for kiddos that are also fun and appealing to their cute little brains. This one should have the lowest barrier to entry to date![^1] It only grabs the transactions of certain types of wallets right now. I'm troubleshooting that, but in the meantime, it should be a safe way to look at your balance and make invoices. You'll need to manually put in your LNURL if you want to use the "Life Skills" textbook for a QRCode of your LNURL.  https://piggysats-webln.vercel.app You can also: 1. use an LNBITS instance: https://bitcoin-piggy-bank.vercel.app 2. or host your own LNBITS version, which is a little more complicated: https://github.com/ttooccooll/Bitcoin-Piggy-Bank [^1]: especially for stacker news parents staring down the barrel of Nov 5th! originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/728405

@ bcea2b98:7ccef3c9

 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/728382

@ bcea2b98:7ccef3c9

Sometimes you have to take risks to grow. What's the biggest risk you've ever taken that ended up paying off. My biggest risk that paid off was moving to another country and starting a new life 10 years ago due to corruption and torture in my home country. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/728159

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Howdy Stackers! This week on the Stacker Sports Podcast we're planning on talking about how each NFL division stacks up now that we're 1/3 of the way into the season, covering the recent WR trades, and previewing the upcoming NBA season. Let us know your thoughts on those topics or anything else from the world of sports. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/728026