@ 22050dd3:480c11ea

*Written by Keith Meola, Revised by Frank Corva* Situated 8 miles off the coast of Cancun surrounded by pristine turquoise waters is a small island called Isla Mujeres. And when I say small, I mean small. It measures just 5 miles long by 0.5 miles wide. The sliver of landmass has a lot going on, though. On it, you can find a lake, a bay, different beaches with unique waves, and various distinct areas. There’s the calmer residential center, the active and more touristy “downtown”, and the tranquil and posh Southern tip, to describe a few. 12,600 people live on the island, and several hundred merchants and businesses operate there. Of these businesses, 16 accept bitcoin. At the beginning of 2024, this number was zero. So, how have so many people on the island been orange-pilled in such a short period of time? A passionate Bitcoiner named Isabella (Isa) Santos, that's who. And she started doing this work at block height #829,750 (mined February 9, 2024). This is when BTC Isla was born.  ## BTC Isla Isa started the work as a passion project. BTC Isla was slow to initially get off the ground, but, Isa began to pick up steam by the end of 2024. And now she is charging ahead with the help of visiting Bitcoiners. The first visitor arrived in the Summer of 2024 and the number of visitors has been steadily increasing since then. Within the first month of this year, 6 Bitcoiners from 4 countries have visited the island to see what is happening and partake in the movement. Those who have visited have split their time between attending meetups or volunteering and partaking in efforts to spread Bitcoin adoption. And Isa intends to welcome many more Bitcoiners to the island this year. She also plans to continue to work tirelessly to not only onboard more merchants but to educate the freshly orange-pilled about how Bitcoin works and why it's so important. One of the bitcoin-accepting merchants on the island ## Bitcoin Education Education is at the core of BTC Isla. In Isa's mind, Bitcoin education is necessary to truly empower the population. It is one thing to accept bitcoin as a form of payment. It's another for people to truly understand what Bitcoin is and what it can do for them. Isa teaches Bitcoin classes which are free to attend. At the moment they are held at the Mayakita restaurant, which is also the usual spot for the Bitcoin meetups. Isa teaches the classes in Spanish using the [Mi Primer Bitcoin](http://myfirstbitcoin.io) curriculum. This curriculum is an open-source diploma-based educational program created by the organization Mi Primer Bitcoin in El Salvador. Through their coursework, students are taught the essential knowledge to gain financial literacy and understand Bitcoin. As of the time of writing, one cohort has already graduated and the second one is on its way! BTC Isla class ## Merchant Adoption Adoption on the island is picking up steam in 2025. As mentioned, 16 merchants on the island currently accept bitcoin as payment. And Isa is working to increase that number with the help of locals. Expats living on the island as well as students and graduated students help with adoption. Thanks to the efforts of Isa and her team, it's now possible to visit the island and use bitcoin exclusively to pay for goods and services! The majority of the merchants who accept bitcoin are food and drink vendors, but it is possible to pay for accommodation, transportation, and even some tours and shopping with bitcoin. Visitors at a meetup As I wrote, the number of visitors to the island is exploding in 2025. I recently had the opportunity and pleasure to visit the island and spent 2 weeks there observing and taking part In the project. I will be writing about my experiences on the island and with BTC Isla! ## Gaining Attention Big and exciting things are happening on the small island of Isla Mujeres. What started as a solo passion project to “orange pill a whole island” is quickly gaining new members and it's attracting attention both on the island and around the globe. Word is quickly spreading that something is brewing off the coast of Cancun. Post-class picture, that's me in the white shirt BTC Isla can be followed at the following handles: - [btcisla.xyz](https://www.btcisla.xyz) - [Twitter/X](https://x.com/BTCisla) - [Nostr](https://primal.net/BTCIsla) - [Youtube](https://www.youtube.com/@btcisla)

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

Every venture is a tremendous risk. In all your business endeavors, ask yourself: is the potential gain viable enough to outweigh the risk of loss? Courage must always align with intelligence. That is, every initiative should be based on a thorough study of the market, supply, and demand. If the success of your plans depends on someone else's help, believe this: you have already failed. Do not wait for assistance, do not rely on the goodwill of others, and never trust promises of support. In the end, people are more likely to ignore you than to honor their word. It will not be their fault in any way. However, it will be yours. Do not be disappointed in others—be disappointed in yourself for expecting too much from them. Engrave these words in your heart, and you will never have the spear of betrayal lodged in your back. When you are at rock bottom, the only thing that will fall from the sky is dirt. The best time to be courageous is when you have nothing left. With that in mind, approach your problems with enthusiasm and determination! Keep your eyes open, your mouth shut, your heart still, and your spirit ready for war. Only lower your guard when they lower the lid of your coffin. Both failure and victory are direct results of your actions and how you navigate your personal circumstances. Take responsibility for your choices and mistakes, do not wallow in self-pity, and enjoy what you earn. Expect nothing from others but disappointment, lies, and constant frustration. Anything good that comes your way—consider it a bonus. Thank you for reading, my friend! If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation. A toast to our family!

@ f3873798:24b3f2f3

Olá, caros leitores! No meu Guia para Novatos do Nostr, mencionei brevemente o YakiHonne, um dos diversos clientes disponíveis no ecossistema Nostr. Hoje, quero aprofundar mais sobre esse cliente, destacando suas funcionalidades, vantagens, desvantagens e minha opinião final. # YakiHonne: O Melhor Cliente para Microblog no Nostr?  O YakiHonne se destaca por sua interface bem organizada e otimizada para leitura de artigos no Nostr. Um dos seus diferenciais é a seção de sugestões no canto superior da tela, que recomenda conteúdos relevantes e incentiva a exploração de novas postagens. Caso você queira mais visibilidade na plataforma, existe a opção de pagar para destacar uma publicação através da funcionalidade> **Note Paga**, localizada na parte inferior da tela de criação de posts. Além disso, o YakiHonne oferece diversas opções de publicação, cada uma com otimizações específicas. --- # Funcionalidades do YakiHonne  Ao clicar no botão "**+**", o usuário tem acesso às seguintes opções de postagens: 📌 **Note** Equivalente às postagens instantâneas de redes sociais como X (antigo Twitter), onde os usuários compartilham pensamentos curtos e interagem rapidamente. 📝 **Article** Voltado para microblogs e blogs, essa opção permite uma formatação mais detalhada dos textos, sendo ideal para quem quer produzir conteúdo mais elaborado. 🎥 **Vídeo** Uma funcionalidade destinada à publicação de vídeos. Aparentemente, o YakiHonne busca ser um “YouTube descentralizado” dentro do Nostr, mas ainda não explorei essa opção a fundo. Se alguém já testou, sinta-se à vontade para compartilhar nos comentários. 🖥️ **Smart Widget** Permite personalizar o layout do cliente para que a experiência de navegação e leitura fique mais intuitiva e agradável para cada usuário. 📚 **Curation** Uma funcionalidade que possibilita a criação de curations, ou seja, coleções de artigos organizados por tema. Além disso, outras pessoas podem contribuir com artigos relacionados, tornando essa uma ferramenta colaborativa interessante. Na minha opinião, a opção Article é a mais útil, pois permite criar textos bem estruturados. --- # Construindo um Artigo no YakiHonne Na opção Article, há diversas ferramentas de formatação disponíveis, incluindo: * Negrito * Itálico * Hyperlink * Diferentes níveis de títulos (H1, H2, H3…) * <> Para realçar trechos de código ou termos específicos * " Para inserir citações destacadas * Sublinhado * f (parece criar um botão, mas precisa de ajustes) * Inserção de imagens via URL ou upload direto * Inteligência Artificial integrada para auxiliar na escrita * Smart Widget para melhor organização Essas ferramentas tornam a experiência de escrever no YakiHonne mais completa e dinâmica. --- # Vantagens do YakiHonne ✅ Ótima otimização para textos – É um dos clientes mais completos para quem deseja produzir conteúdos bem estruturados. ✅ Interface intuitiva – A organização da plataforma facilita a navegação e a gestão das postagens. ✅ Ferramentas de divulgação – As opções de curadoria e destaques pagos ajudam a impulsionar conteúdos relevantes. --- # Desvantagens do YakiHonne ⚠️ Edição de texto precisa de melhorias – A opção de sublinhar altera o tamanho e a fonte do texto, o que não é ideal para destacar palavras estrangeiras corretamente. ⚠️ Botão "f" desconfigurado – A funcionalidade que aparentemente gera um botão ficou deformada no meu celular, sem possibilidade de ajuste. --- # Considerações Finais O YakiHonne é um dos melhores clientes Nostr que já experimentei. Se você gosta de ler e escrever artigos, pode passar horas explorando os conteúdos da comunidade. Além disso, acredito que no futuro haverá mais opções de monetização. Assim como outros clientes Nostr, o YakiHonne permite associar uma carteira de Bitcoin, possibilitando receber doações pelos conteúdos publicados. Se você já testou esse cliente, deixe nos comentários sua experiências

@ d5c3d063:4d1159b3

ทำไมคนที่ด่าเรา ถึงเป็นคนที่ทุกข์...ลองนึกภาพคนที่กำลังมีความสุขดูสิ... เขาจะมีเวลามานั่งด่าใครไหม วันหนึ่ง...ผมนั่งอยู่ในร้านกาแฟ มองออกไปเห็นชายคนหนึ่งกำลังมีปากเสียงกับพนักงานร้าน เขาพูดจาเสียงดัง หน้าตาบึ้งตึง ดูหงุดหงิดอย่างเห็นได้ชัด พนักงานสาวที่ถูกตำหนิพยายามขอโทษ และอธิบายเหตุผลของเธอด้วยน้ำเสียงสุภาพ แต่ชายคนนั้นยังคงไม่พอใจ เดินออกจากร้านไปด้วยอารมณ์ขุ่นมัว ทิ้งบรรยากาศตึงเครียดไว้เบื้องหลัง !(image)[https://m.primal.net/PQdY.png] พนักงานสาวถอนหายใจเบา ๆ แล้วหันกลับมาทำงานต่อราวกับไม่มีอะไรเกิดขึ้น ผมอดสงสัยไม่ได้ว่าทำไมเธอถึงดูไม่ทุกข์ร้อนกับเหตุการณ์เมื่อครู่นี้เลย "ไม่เป็นไรค่ะ เขาคงมีเรื่องให้กังวลอยู่แล้ว" เธอตอบเมื่อผมถาม คำพูดนั้นทำให้ผมหยุดคิด... ในชีวิตของเรา คงไม่มีใครไม่เคยถูกตำหนิ ถูกต่อว่า หรือถูกพูดจาไม่ดีใส่ บางครั้งอาจเป็นเพียงคำพูดที่ไม่ได้ตั้งใจ บางครั้งอาจเป็นอารมณ์โกรธที่ถูกระบายออกมาโดยไม่เลือกที่หมาย แต่หากเราหยุดดูให้ดี เราจะพบว่าคนที่กำลังโกรธ ดุด่าหรือตำหนิใครสักคน มักจะเป็นคนที่กำลังเผชิญกับความทุกข์อยู่แล้ว คนที่มาด่าเรา อาจจะกำลังเหนื่อยล้าจากปัญหาส่วนตัว อาจจะผิดหวังในบางสิ่ง อาจจะรู้สึกไม่เป็นที่ยอมรับ อาจจะเครียดจากเรื่องในครอบครัว และบางครั้ง…อาจจะไม่ได้มีเจตนาร้าย เพียงแต่เขาไม่รู้จะจัดการกับอารมณ์ของตัวเองยังไง ...และเมื่อเผชิญกับคำพูดที่ไม่ดี เรามีทางเลือกอยู่เสมอ... - ตอบโต้กลับไป บางครั้งเราโกรธและเผลอพูดอะไรออกไปตามอารมณ์ สิ่งนี้อาจทำให้เกิดความรู้สึกไม่ดีทั้งสองฝ่าย บางครั้งเราชนะการโต้เถียง แต่กลับแพ้ที่ความสงบในใจ - ปล่อยผ่าน และเข้าใจ การเข้าใจว่า "คนที่ด่าเรา เขานั่นแหละทุกข์" ไม่ได้หมายความว่าเราต้องยอมรับการถูกกระทำที่ไม่เหมาะสม แต่หมายถึงการไม่เอาคำพูดเหล่านั้นมาเป็นภาระของตัวเอง - มองลึกลงไปให้เห็นเจตนา บางครั้งคนที่ตำหนิเราอาจจะต้องการให้เราปรับปรุงในบางเรื่อง อารมณ์ของเขาอาจจะไม่ดี แต่หากเราแยกเนื้อหาจากอารมณ์ออกมาได้ เราอาจพบว่ามีบางอย่างที่เราสามารถเรียนรู้ได้ ท้ายที่สุด คำพูดของใครก็ไม่สำคัญเท่ากับสิ่งที่เราบอกกับตัวเอง หากเรามั่นคงพอ คำพูดที่รุนแรงจะเป็นเพียงเสียงที่ผ่านเข้ามาแล้วผ่านไป หากเรามีเมตตา คำพูดที่ไม่ดีจะเป็นบทเรียนให้เราเข้าใจมนุษย์มากขึ้น หากเรารู้เท่าทันอารมณ์ตัวเอง คำพูดเหล่านั้นก็จะไม่มีอิทธิพลต่อเรา "ไม่เป็นไรค่ะ เขาคงมีเรื่องให้กังวลอยู่แล้ว" ผมนั่งจิบกาแฟพลางคิดตามคำพูดนั้นแล้วพบว่ามันเป็นเรื่องจริง คนที่มาด่าเรา อาจจะต้องการกำลังใจมากกว่าที่เราคิดก็ได้... #Siamstr

@ eb35d9c0:6ea2b8d0

I had a ton of fun making this episode of Midnight Signals. It taught me a lot about the haunting of the Bell family and the demise of John Bell. His death was attributed to the Bell Witch making Tennessee the only state to recognize a person's death to the supernatural. <iframe width="100%" height="180" frameborder="no" scrolling="no" seamless="" src="https://share.transistor.fm/e/4bf22094"></iframe> If you enjoyed the episode, visit the Midnight Signals site. [https://midnightsignals.net](https://midnightsignals.net) ### Show Notes Journey back to the early 1800s and the eerie Bell Witch haunting that plagued the Bell family in Adams, Tennessee. It began with strange creatures and mysterious knocks, evolving into disembodied voices and violent attacks on young Betsy Bell. Neighbors, even Andrew Jackson, witnessed the phenomena, adding to the legend. The witch's identity remains a mystery, sowing fear and chaos, ultimately leading to John Bell's tragic demise. The haunting waned, but its legacy lingers, woven into the very essence of the town. Delve into this chilling story of a family's relentless torment by an unseen force. ### Transcript Good evening, night owls. I'm Russ Chamberlain, and you're listening to midnight signals, the show, where we explore the darkest corners of our collective past. Tonight, our signal takes us to the early 1800s to a modest family farm in Adams, Tennessee. Where the Bell family encountered what many call the most famous haunting in American history. Make yourself comfortable, hush your surroundings, and let's delve into this unsettling tale. Our story begins in 1804, when John Bell and his wife Lucy made their way from North Carolina to settle along the Red River in northern Tennessee. In those days, the land was wide and fertile, mostly unspoiled with gently rolling hills and dense woodland. For the Bells, John, Lucy, and their children, The move promised prosperity. They arrived eager to farm the rich soil, raise livestock, and find a peaceful home. At first, life mirrored [00:01:00] that hope. By day, John and his sons worked tirelessly in the fields, planting corn and tending to animals, while Lucy and her daughters managed the household. Evenings were spent quietly, with scripture readings by the light of a flickering candle. Neighbors in the growing settlement of Adams spoke well of John's dedication and Lucy's gentle spirit. The Bells were welcomed into the Fold, a new family building their future on the Tennessee Earth. In those early years, the Bells likely gave little thought to uneasy rumors whispered around the region. Strange lights seen deep in the woods, soft cries heard by travelers at dusk, small mysteries that most dismissed as product of the imagination. Life on the frontier demanded practicality above all else, leaving little time to dwell on spirits or curses. Unbeknownst to them, events on their farm would soon dominate not only their lives, but local lore for generations to come.[00:02:00] It was late summer, 1817, when John Bell's ordinary routines took a dramatic turn. One evening, in the waning twilight, he spotted an odd creature near the edge of a tree line. A strange beast resembling part dog, part rabbit. Startled, John raised his rifle and fired, the shot echoing through the fields. Yet, when he went to inspect the spot, nothing remained. No tracks, no blood, nothing to prove the creature existed at all. John brushed it off as a trick of falling light or his own tired eyes. He returned to the house, hoping for a quiet evening. But in the days that followed, faint knocking sounds began at the windows after sunset. Soft scratching rustled against the walls as if curious fingers or claws tested the timbers. The family's dog barked at shadows, growling at the emptiness of the yard. No one considered it a haunting at first. Life on a rural [00:03:00] farm was filled with pests, nocturnal animals, and the countless unexplained noises of the frontier. Yet the disturbances persisted, night after night, growing a little bolder each time. One evening, the knocking on the walls turned so loud it woke the entire household. Lamps were lit, doors were open, the ground searched, but the land lay silent under the moon. Within weeks, the unsettling taps and scrapes evolved into something more alarming. Disembodied voices. At first, the voices were faint. A soft murmur in rooms with no one in them. Betsy Bell, the youngest daughter, insisted she heard her name called near her bed. She ran to her mother and her father trembling, but they found no intruder. Still, The voice continued, too low for them to identify words, yet distinct enough to chill the blood. Lucy Bell began to fear they were facing a spirit, an unclean presence that had invaded their home. She prayed for divine [00:04:00] protection each evening, yet sometimes the voice seemed to mimic her prayers, twisting her words into a derisive echo. John Bell, once confident and strong, grew unnerved. When he tried reading from the Bible, the voice mocked him, imitating his tone like a cruel prankster. As the nights passed, disturbances gained momentum. Doors opened by themselves, chairs shifted with no hand to move them, and curtains fluttered in a room void of drafts. Even in daytime, Betsy would find objects missing, only for them to reappear on the kitchen floor or a distant shelf. It felt as if an unseen intelligence roamed the house, bent on sowing chaos. Of all the bells, Betsy suffered the most. She was awakened at night by her hair being yanked hard enough to pull her from sleep. Invisible hands slapped her cheeks, leaving red prints. When she walked outside by day, she heard harsh whispers at her ear, telling her she would know [00:05:00] no peace. Exhausted, she became withdrawn, her once bright spirit dulled by a ceaseless fear. Rumors spread that Betsy's torment was the worst evidence of the haunting. Neighbors who dared spend the night in the Bell household often witnessed her blankets ripped from the bed, or watched her clutch her bruised arms in distress. As these accounts circulated through the community, people began referring to the presence as the Bell Witch, though no one was certain if it truly was a witch's spirit or something else altogether. In the tightly knit town of Adams, word of the strange happenings at the Bell Farm soon reached every ear. Some neighbors offered sympathy, believing wholeheartedly that the family was besieged by an evil force. Others expressed skepticism, guessing there must be a logical trick behind it all. John Bell, ordinarily a private man, found himself hosting visitors eager to witness the so called witch in action. [00:06:00] These visitors gathered by the parlor fireplace or stood in darkened hallways, waiting in tense silence. Occasionally, the presence did not appear, and the disappointed guests left unconvinced. More often, they heard knocks vibrating through the walls or faint moans drifting between rooms. One man, reading aloud from the Bible, found his words drowned out by a rasping voice that repeated the verses back at him in a warped, sing song tone. Each new account that left the bell farm seemed to confirm the unearthly intelligence behind the torment. It was no longer mere noises or poltergeist pranks. This was something with a will and a voice. Something that could think and speak on its own. Months of sleepless nights wore down the Bell family. John's demeanor changed. The weight of the haunting pressed on him. Lucy, steadfast in her devotion, prayed constantly for deliverance. The [00:07:00] older Bell children, seeing Betsy attacked so frequently, tried to shield her but were powerless against an enemy that slipped through walls. Farming tasks were delayed or neglected as the family's time and energy funneled into coping with an unseen assailant. John Bell began experiencing health problems that no local healer could explain. Trembling hands, difficulty swallowing, and fits of dizziness. Whether these ailments arose from stress or something darker, they only reinforced his sense of dread. The voice took to mocking him personally, calling him by name and snickering at his deteriorating condition. At times, he woke to find himself pinned in bed, unable to move or call out. Despite it all, Lucy held the family together. Soft spoken and gentle, she soothed Betsy's tears and administered whatever remedies she could to John. Yet the unrelenting barrage of knocks, whispers, and violence within her own home tested her faith [00:08:00] daily. Amid the chaos, Betsy clung to one source of joy, her engagement to Joshua Gardner, a kind young man from the area. They hoped to marry and begin their own life, perhaps on a parcel of the Bell Land or a new farmstead nearby. But whenever Joshua visited the Bell Home, The unseen spirit raged. Stones rattled against the walls, and the door slammed as if in warning. During quiet walks by the river, Betsy heard the voice hiss in her ear, threatening dire outcomes if she ever were to wed Joshua. Night after night, Betsy lay awake, her tears soaked onto her pillow as she wrestled with the choice between her beloved fiancé and this formidable, invisible foe. She confided in Lucy, who offered comfort but had no solution. For a while, Betsy and Joshua resolved to stand firm, but the spirit's fury only escalated. Believing she had no alternative, Betsy broke off the engagement. Some thought the family's [00:09:00] torment would subside if the witches demands were met. In a cruel sense, it seemed to succeed. With Betsy's engagement ended, the spirit appeared slightly less focused on her. By now, the Bell Witch was no longer a mere local curiosity. Word of the haunting spread across the region and reached the ears of Andrew Jackson, then a prominent figure who would later become president. Intrigued, or perhaps skeptical, he traveled to Adams with a party of men to witness the phenomenon firsthand. According to popular account, the men found their wagon inexplicably stuck on the road near the Bell property, refusing to move until a disembodied voice commanded them to proceed. That night, Jackson's men sat in the Bell parlor, determined to uncover fraud if it existed. Instead, they found themselves subjected to jeering laughter and unexpected slaps. One boasted of carrying a special bullet that could kill any spirit, only to be chased from the house in terror. [00:10:00] By morning, Jackson reputedly left, shaken. Although details vary among storytellers, the essence of his experience only fueled the legend's fire. Some in Adams took to calling the presence Kate, suspecting it might be the spirit of a neighbor named Kate Batts. Rumors pointed to an old feud or land dispute between Kate Batts and John Bell. Whether any of that was true, or Kate Batts was simply an unfortunate scapegoat remains unclear. The entity itself, at times, answered to Kate when addressed, while at other times denying any such name. It was a puzzle of contradictions, claiming multiple identities. A wayward spirit, a demon, or a lost soul wandering in malice. No single explanation satisfied everyone in the community. With Betsy's engagement to Joshua broken, the witch devoted increasing attention to John Bell. His health declined rapidly in 1820, marked by spells of near [00:11:00] paralysis and unremitting pain. Lucy tended to him day and night. Their children worried and exhausted, watched as their patriarch grew weaker, his once strong presence withering under an unseen hand. In December of that year, John Bell was found unconscious in his bed. A small vial of dark liquid stood nearby. No one recognized its contents. One of his sons put a single drop on the tongue of the family cat, which died instantly. Almost immediately, the voice shrieked in triumph, boasting that it had given John a final, fatal dose. That same day, John Bell passed away without regaining consciousness, leaving his family both grief stricken and horrified by the witch's brazen gloating. The funeral drew a large gathering. Many came to mourn the respected farmer. Others arrived to see whether the witch would appear in some dreadful form. As pallbearers lowered John Bell's coffin, A jeering laughter rippled across the [00:12:00] mourners, prompting many to look wildly around for the source. Then, as told in countless retellings, the voice broke into a rude, mocking song, echoing among the gravestones and sending shudders through the crowd. In the wake of John Bell's death, life on the farm settled into an uneasy quiet. Betsy noticed fewer night time assaults. And the daily havoc lessened. People whispered that the witch finally achieved its purpose by taking John Bell's life. Then, just as suddenly as it had arrived, the witch declared it would leave the family, though it promised to return in seven years. After a brief period of stillness, the witch's threat rang true. Around 1828, a few of the Bells claimed to hear light tapping or distant murmurs echoing in empty rooms. However, these new incidents were mild and short lived compared to the previous years of torment. Soon enough, even these faded, leaving the bells [00:13:00] with haunted memories, but relative peace. Near the bell property stood a modest cave by the Red River, a spot often tied to the legend. Over time, people theorized that cave's dark recesses, though the bells themselves rarely ventured inside. Later visitors and locals would tell of odd voices whispering in the cave or strange lights gliding across the damp stone. Most likely, these stories were born of the haunting's lingering aura. Yet, they continued to fuel the notion that the witch could still roam beyond the farm, hidden beneath the earth. Long after the bells had ceased to hear the witch's voice, the story lived on. Word traveled to neighboring towns, then farther, into newspapers and traveler anecdotes. The tale of the Tennessee family plagued by a fiendish, talkative spirit captured the imagination. Some insisted the Bell Witch was a cautionary omen of what happens when old feuds and injustices are left [00:14:00] unresolved. Others believed it was a rare glimpse of a diabolical power unleashed for reasons still unknown. Here in Adams, people repeated the story around hearths and campfires. Children were warned not to wander too far near the old bell farm after dark. When neighbors passed by at night, they might hear a faint rustle in the bush or catch a flicker of light among the trees, prompting them to walk faster. Hearts pounding, minds remembering how once a family had suffered greatly at the hands of an unseen force. Naturally, not everyone agreed on what transpired at the Bell farm. Some maintained it was all too real, a case of a vengeful spirit or malignant presence carrying out a personal vendetta. Others whispered that perhaps a member of the Bell family had orchestrated the phenomenon with cunning trickery, though that failed to explain the bruises on Betsy, the widespread witnesses, or John's mysterious death. Still, others pointed to the possibility of an [00:15:00] unsettled spirit who had attached itself to the land for reasons lost to time. What none could deny was the tangible suffering inflicted on the Bells. John Bell's slow decline and Betsy's bruises were impossible to ignore. Multiple guests, neighbors, acquaintances, even travelers testified to hearing the same eerie voice that threatened, teased and recited scripture. In an age when the supernatural was both feared and accepted, the Bell Witch story captured hearts and sparked endless speculation. After John Bell's death, the family held onto the farm for several years. Betsy, robbed of her engagement to Joshua, eventually found a calmer path through life, though the memory of her tormented youth never fully left her. Lucy, steadfast and devout to the end, kept her household as best as she could, unwilling to surrender her faith even after all she had witnessed. Over time, the children married and started families of their own, [00:16:00] quietly distancing themselves from the tragedy that had defined their upbringing. Generations passed, the farm changed hands, the Bell House was repurposed and renovated, and Adams itself transformed slowly from a frontier settlement into a more established community. Yet the name Bellwitch continued to slip into conversation whenever strange knocks were heard late at night or lonely travelers glimpsed inexplicable lights in the distance. The story refused to fade, woven into the identity of the land itself. Even as the first hand witnesses to the haunting aged and died, their accounts survived in letters, diaries, and recollections passed down among locals. Visitors to Adams would hear about the famed Bell Witch, about the dreadful death of John Bell, the heartbreak of Betsy's broken engagement, and the brazen voice that filled nights with fear. Some folks approached the story with reverence, others with skepticism. But no one [00:17:00] denied that it shaped the character of the town. In the hush of a moonlit evening, one might stand on that old farmland, fields once tilled by John Bell's callous hands, now peaceful beneath the Tennessee sky. And imagine the entire family huddled in the house, listening with terrified hearts for the next knock on the wall. It's said that if you pause long enough, you might sense a faint echo of their dread, carried on a stray breath of wind. The Bell Witch remains a singular chapter in American folklore, a tale of a family besieged by something unseen, lethal, and uncannily aware. However one interprets the events, whether as vengeful ghosts, demonic presence, or some other unexplainable force, the Bell Witch. Its resonance lies in the very human drama at its core. Here was a father undone by circumstances he could not control. A daughter tormented in her own home, in a close knit household tested by relentless fear. [00:18:00] In the end, the Bell Witch story offers a lesson in how thin the line between our daily certainties and the mysteries that defy them. When night falls, and the wind rattles the shutters in a silent house, we remember John Bell and his family, who discovered that the safe haven of home can become a battlefield against forces beyond mortal comprehension. I'm Russ Chamberlain, and you've been listening to Midnight Signals. May this account of the Bell Witch linger with you as a reminder that in the deepest stillness of the night, Anything seems possible. Even the unseen tapping of a force that seeks to make itself known. Sleep well, if you dare.

@ 5725c4a8:6ba4f820

!(image)[https://i.nostr.build/iuWXGIaA91wMTFJg.jpg] I've been seeing some posts from (I think new) Bitcoiners complaining about the recent volatility of Bitcoin, sometimes in dismay about the price, and sometimes in dismay that they have no "dry powder" available to buy the dip. With inflation being such a huge problem, cost of living has a very real effect on our ability to stack sats, so some creative thinking is in order. My hope is that this post can share a little bit of wisdom that I have found to work for me in my own quest to accumulate as much Bitcoin as I can. If you want to skip to the meat of this article, scroll down **My Strategy**. As the standard disclosure goes: this is not financial or investment advice. ### A little about me and where I'm coming from I'm part of the 2022 class of Bitcoiners. I'm very new to this community.But I have gone down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, I have read Saifdean's *The Bitcoin Standard* and *The Fiat Standard*, and I have spent many many hundreds of hours listening to podcasts on Bitcoin and Austrian economics (which I discovered at about the same time). All this to say, despite the work that I have put in thus far, take this with a grain of salt and use your own reasoning to determine if this strategy or any ideas derived from it are right for you. ### Dollar Cost Averaging Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA) is the practice of setting a recurring buy order of a stock or commodity. Such orders, once set, will continue to execute at the set frequency until the buyer's selected termination date, or until a set amount has been reached, or until no more funds are available in the buyer's account from which to buy. DCA takes advantage of the fact that for a long term growth asset (like Bitcoin), the average price will always tend to go up over time despite intermittent volatility. By not trying watch for or time the dips and highs, DCAing not only makes it easier to accumulate Bitcoin, but it is very effective in the long term and reduces a lot of potential stress from trying to game the market volatility. One more important point is that as this method utilizes averaging, the closer that the buyer can match the actual price curve over time, the greater the benefit from the average growth of that price curve. This means that for two recurring buy orders, using the same amount of fiat in the buying pool, if one has more frequent buys and the other has less frequent buys, even if they spent the same amount at the end of the buying period, the order with more frequent buys will experience the greater value from the average growth of the asset being purchased. This is in contrast to limit orders, in which they buyer attempts to gauge what price action will occur in the future, or "smash buying" in which the buyer tries to watch and time the market to place real-time orders. As these are not the focus of this strategy, I won't go into detail about them. But if you understand DCA and why it works, I assume that you can also reason for yourself about the effectiveness and utility of these other buying methods. Each of these methods can occasionally be successful, I'm not saying that there is not place for them. In fact, I use these too, but they are used in a tactical manner, and I try to be careful to make sure that using these do not interrupt my DCA strategy. ### Savings Allocation I may update this in the future, based on changes in my financial situation, the larger landscape, and whatproducts/tools are available. Note that I'm not rich. I work for a tech startup which is gaining traction, and if it is successful then that may change. But for now I operate with limited financial resources to use for stacking sats. But still, I stack sats. I say this to clarify why this strategy works for me, and hopefully to establish that this will work for you if you also have limited income but have the ability and desire to accumulate Bitcoin for yourself. I have a consistent amount of money coming in on a regular basis, and this is an important part of my calculus. Similarly, I have consistent bills going out. The difference between these are my subsistence and discretionary spending. Subsistence spending being money that I spend on food and other nutrients, and discretionary spending is what I spend on the things that I want but don't need. I'm not at a point where I've managed to completely cut out my discretionary spending, but I do try to limit it as much as I can. Similarly, I'm proactive about finding good deals on food (especially beef). Then I can allocate more money to savings. It is this savings allocation that I use for buying Bitcoin. ### My DCA Strategy !(image)[https://i.nostr.build/augZsY8EVEAsdP34.png] My strategy begins with the money from each pay check that I want to allocate to savings (which in my case all goes to buying Bitcoin). It also hinges on DCA, and is strongly inspired by the sayings "stay humble and stack sats", and that "time in the market beats timing the market". I am not a professional trader, nor do I aspire to be one. As such, I want to maximize my time in the market without stressing myself out. Allocating funds for DCA: First, find the amount for each pay period that you will use to buy Bitcoin, but don't immediately use it to buy, yet. Next, you need to find the frequency by which you will buy, and how much. I recommend the most frequent recurring buy option that you can find. To do this, you need to find the DCA options available on the exchanges that you use. As a Bitcoin maximalist, I use Bitcoin focused exchanges. As a man with limited available funds for this use, I want the ability to DCA in fairly small amounts, but as frequently as possible. I find that River and Strike are excellent exchanges for this. Each of these exchanges currently allow buying as frequently as once-per-hour. River has a minimum of $1 per purchase. Strike can go even lower, I have a friend who I convinced to adopt this strategy and he started out with an hourly recurring buy of $0.05 per hour. Having been a Bitcoiner for a little while now, I also find that it is useful to have additional funds set aside for "smash buys" to take advantage of major dips, such as the one that we are currently experiencing (I'm writing this on March 1st, 2025). Using River as an example: The minimal buy on River, as stated above, is $1 per hour. There are 24 hours in a day, and 14 days in a pay period (for me). Then the minimum amount to allocate on River is $1/hour x 24 hours/day x 14 days/period = $336 per period. You can change the dollar amount or number of days as are appropriate for your own goals and circumstances. If you have a lower total available amount, you can use this version of the formula to find the recurring buy amount on Strike (or whichever other platform allows sub-dollar recurring buys): Recurring Buy = (available funds) / (number of hours over which to buy) In truth, I use Strike as well, but I have another reason for choosing River in this example: I mentioned having a DCA strategy which keeps a reserve of "dry powder" so that you can also buy the dip. You may benefit from keeping some reserve of savings in USD. It's something we simply can't get away from at this time of continued fiat dominance. This allows you to pull from the fiat reserve rather than selling any accumulated Bitcoin in cases of emergency (like car problems, or a family member needing help). Last year, River announced a feature by which any cash kept on their exchange would earn 3.8% interest, which is paid in Bitcoin. This strategy works with other exchanges, but using River means that interest accumulation can also be leveraged (and it is much better than a typical bank savings account). This is the final part of the strategy: put the rest of your savings into River and let it accumulate interest in Bitcoin. This reserve then becomes your dry powder. Use it at your discretion, save for emergencies, or use it to "smash buy" the dip, but do it without compromising your DCA setup. DON'T CANCEL your DCA, keep it going and take advantage of it's average growth. You don't know when the price will dip, and you don't know when it will go back up again. If it is difficult for you to maintain discipline and not spend your DCA reserve (since River doesn't split it into buckets for you), a variation of this strategy is to DCA-stack on another exchange so that it's not in the same pool as your fiat reserve. When all else fails, just keep calm, stay humble, and stack sats. !(image)[https://i.nostr.build/pko6uWkq3rf0y0io.png] I hope that someone finds this helpful. If you have your own personalized strategy, I'd love to hear about it in the comments.

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-1.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-1.webm" type="video/mp4"/> </video></div> # Setting Up Your Code Editor ## Introduction In this lesson, we'll set up the most fundamental tool in your development journey: your code editor. This is where you'll spend most of your time writing, testing, and debugging code, so it's crucial to get comfortable with it from the start. ## What is an IDE? ### Definition An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities for software development. Think of it as your complete workshop for writing code. ### Key Components 1. **Code Editor** - Where you write and edit code - Provides syntax highlighting - Helps with code formatting - Makes code easier to read and write 2. **Compiler/Interpreter** - Runs your code - Translates your code into executable instructions - Helps test your applications 3. **Debugging Tools** - Help find and fix errors - Provide error messages and suggestions - Make problem-solving easier ## Setting Up Visual Studio Code ### Why VS Code? - Free and open-source - Lightweight yet powerful - Excellent community support - Popular among developers - Great for beginners and experts alike ### Installation Steps 1. Visit [code.visualstudio.com](https://code.visualstudio.com) 2. Download the version for your operating system 3. Run the installer 4. Follow the installation prompts ### Essential VS Code Features #### 1. Interface Navigation - **File Explorer** (Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + E) - Browse and manage your files - Create new files and folders - Navigate your project structure - **Search** (Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + F) - Find text across all files - Replace text globally - Search with regular expressions - **Source Control** (Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + G) - Track changes in your code - Commit and manage versions - Integrate with Git #### 2. Terminal Integration To open the integrated terminal: - Use ``` Ctrl + ` ``` (backtick) - Or View → Terminal from the menu - Basic terminal commands: ```bash ls # List files (dir on Windows) cd # Change directory clear # Clear terminal code . # Open VS Code in current directory ``` #### 3. Essential Extensions Install these extensions to enhance your development experience: 1. **ESLint** - Helps find and fix code problems - Enforces coding standards - Improves code quality 2. **Prettier** - Automatically formats your code - Maintains consistent style - Saves time on formatting 3. **Live Server** - Runs your web pages locally - Auto-refreshes on save - Great for web development ### Important Keyboard Shortcuts ``` Ctrl/Cmd + S # Save file Ctrl/Cmd + C # Copy Ctrl/Cmd + V # Paste Ctrl/Cmd + Z # Undo Ctrl/Cmd + Shift + P # Command palette Ctrl/Cmd + P # Quick file open ``` ## Writing Your First Code Let's create and run a simple HTML file: 1. Create a new file (`index.html`) 2. Add basic HTML content: ```html <h1>Hello World!</h1> ``` 3. Save the file (Ctrl/Cmd + S) 4. Open in browser or use Live Server ## Best Practices ### 1. File Organization - Keep related files together - Use clear, descriptive names - Create separate folders for different projects ### 2. Regular Saving - Save frequently (Ctrl/Cmd + S) - Watch for the unsaved dot indicator - Enable auto-save if preferred ### 3. Terminal Usage - Get comfortable with basic commands - Use the integrated terminal - Practice navigation and file operations ## Troubleshooting Common Issues ### 1. Installation Problems - Ensure you have admin rights - Check system requirements - Use official download sources ### 2. Extension Issues - Keep extensions updated - Disable conflicting extensions - Restart VS Code after installation ### 3. Performance - Don't install too many extensions - Regular restart of VS Code - Keep your system updated ## Next Steps 1. **Practice Navigation** - Create and manage files - Use the integrated terminal - Try keyboard shortcuts 2. **Customize Your Editor** - Explore themes - Adjust font size - Configure auto-save 3. **Prepare for Next Lesson** - Keep VS Code open - Get comfortable with the interface - Practice basic operations ## Additional Resources - [VS Code Documentation](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs) - [Keyboard Shortcuts Reference](https://code.visualstudio.com/shortcuts/keyboard-shortcuts-windows.pdf) - [VS Code Tips and Tricks](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/getstarted/tips-and-tricks) Remember: Your code editor is your primary tool as a developer. Take time to get comfortable with it, and don't worry about mastering everything at once. Focus on the basics we covered in the video, and you'll naturally learn more features as you need them. Happy coding! 🚀

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-4.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-4.webm" type="video/webm"/> </video></div> # CSS Fundamentals: Styling Your First Webpage ## Introduction In our previous lesson, we created the structure of our webpage with HTML. Now, we'll learn how to style it using CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). While HTML provides the bones of our webpage, CSS adds the visual presentation - the colors, layouts, spacing, and overall aesthetics. ## What is CSS? ### Definition CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a stylesheet language that controls the visual presentation of HTML documents. Think of it like the paint, decorations, and interior design of a house - it determines how everything looks and is arranged. ### Key Concepts 1. **Styling Capabilities** - Fonts and typography - Colors and backgrounds - Margins and padding - Element sizes - Visual effects - Layout and positioning 2. **Cascading Nature** - Styles can be inherited from parent elements - Multiple styles can apply to the same element - Specificity determines which styles take precedence - Styles "cascade" down through your document ## Basic CSS Syntax ```css selector { property: value; } ``` ### Example: ```css h1 { color: blue; font-size: 24px; margin-bottom: 20px; } ``` ## Connecting CSS to HTML ### Method 1: External Stylesheet (Recommended) ```html <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> ``` ### Method 2: Internal CSS ```html <style> h1 { color: blue; } </style> ``` ### Method 3: Inline CSS (Use Sparingly) ```html <h1 style="color: blue;">Title</h1> ``` ## The Box Model Every HTML element is treated as a box in CSS, with: ``` ┌──────────────────────┐ │ Margin │ │ ┌──────────────┐ │ │ │ Border │ │ │ │ ┌──────────┐ │ │ │ │ │ Padding │ │ │ │ │ │ ┌──────┐ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Content│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └──────┘ │ │ │ │ │ └──────────┘ │ │ │ └──────────────┘ │ └──────────────────────┘ ``` - **Content**: The actual content of the element - **Padding**: Space between content and border - **Border**: The border around the padding - **Margin**: Space outside the border ## CSS Units ### Absolute Units - `px` - pixels - `pt` - points - `cm` - centimeters - `mm` - millimeters - `in` - inches ### Relative Units - `%` - percentage relative to parent - `em` - relative to font-size - `rem` - relative to root font-size - `vh` - viewport height - `vw` - viewport width ## Practical Example: Styling Our Webpage ### 1. Basic Page Setup ```css body { min-height: 100vh; margin: 0; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: #f0f0f0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; } ``` ### 2. Header Styling ```css header { background-color: #333; color: white; padding: 20px; text-align: center; } ``` ### 3. Main Content Area ```css main { max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; flex: 1; } ``` ### 4. Footer Styling ```css footer { background-color: #333; color: white; padding: 10px; text-align: center; } ``` ## Layout with Flexbox ### Basic Concept Flexbox is a modern layout system that makes it easier to create flexible, responsive layouts. ### Key Properties ```css .container { display: flex; flex-direction: row | column; justify-content: center | space-between | space-around; align-items: center | flex-start | flex-end; } ``` ### Common Use Cases 1. Centering content 2. Creating navigation bars 3. Building responsive layouts 4. Equal-height columns 5. Dynamic spacing ## Best Practices ### 1. Organization - Use consistent naming conventions - Group related styles together - Comment your code for clarity - Keep selectors simple and specific ### 2. Performance - Avoid unnecessary specificity - Use shorthand properties when possible - Minimize redundant code - Consider load time impact ### 3. Maintainability - Use external stylesheets - Follow a consistent formatting style - Break large stylesheets into logical files - Document important design decisions ## Debugging CSS ### Common Tools 1. Browser Developer Tools - Element inspector - Style inspector - Box model viewer ### Common Issues 1. Specificity conflicts 2. Inheritance problems 3. Box model confusion 4. Flexbox alignment issues ## Exercises ### 1. Style Modifications Try modifying these properties in your stylesheet: ```css /* Change colors */ header { background-color: #4a90e2; } /* Adjust spacing */ main { padding: 40px; } /* Modify typography */ h1 { font-size: 32px; font-weight: bold; } ``` ### 2. Layout Challenge Create a card layout using Flexbox: ```css .card-container { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; } .card { flex: 1; padding: 20px; background: white; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } ``` ## Additional Resources ### Learning Tools 1. [Flexbox Froggy](https://flexboxfroggy.com/) - Interactive Flexbox learning game 2. [CSS-Tricks](https://css-tricks.com) - Excellent CSS reference and tutorials 3. [MDN CSS Documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) ### Practice Projects 1. Style your personal webpage 2. Create a responsive navigation menu 3. Build a flexible card layout 4. Design a custom button style Remember: CSS is both an art and a science. Don't be afraid to experiment and break things - that's how you'll learn the most. The key is to start simple and gradually add complexity as you become more comfortable with the basics. Next up, we'll dive into JavaScript to add interactivity to our webpage! 🚀

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-5.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-5.webm" type="video/webm"/> </video></div> # JavaScript: Building Your First Interactive Web App ## Introduction In this lesson, we'll bring our web pages to life by adding dynamic functionality with JavaScript. We'll build a real-world application that displays and updates Bitcoin prices in real-time, teaching core JavaScript concepts along the way. ## Project Overview: Bitcoin Price Tracker We'll build a web application that: - Displays current Bitcoin price - Updates automatically every 3 seconds - Allows currency switching - Includes interactive controls - Shows current date/time ## Core JavaScript Concepts ### 1. Variables and Data Types ```javascript // Variables can be declared with let or const let currentCurrency = "USD"; // Can be changed const interval = 3000; // Cannot be changed // Basic data types const price = 45000; // Number const isVisible = true; // Boolean const currency = "USD"; // String ``` ### 2. DOM Manipulation ```javascript // Getting elements const priceElement = document.getElementById('price'); const button = document.getElementById('refresh-button'); // Modifying content priceElement.textContent = `${price} ${currency}`; // Changing styles priceElement.style.display = 'none'; ``` ### 3. Event Listeners ```javascript // Basic click handler button.addEventListener('click', () => { fetchBitcoinPrice(); }); // Change event for select elements selector.addEventListener('change', (event) => { handleCurrencyChange(event.value); }); ``` ### 4. Async Operations & Fetch API ```javascript async function fetchBitcoinPrice() { try { const response = await fetch(apiUrl); const data = await response.json(); updatePrice(data.price); } catch (error) { console.error('Error:', error); } } ``` ## Project Structure ### HTML Setup ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Bitcoin Price Tracker</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> <script src="index.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <h1>Current Bitcoin Price</h1> <p>The price is: <span id="price"></span></p> <!-- Additional elements --> </body> </html> ``` ### Core Functionality Implementation 1. **Setting Up the Timer** ```javascript // Update price every 3 seconds setInterval(fetchBitcoinPrice, 3000); // Update date/time every second setInterval(updateDateTime, 1000); ``` 2. **Currency Selection** ```javascript function handleCurrencyChange(newCurrency) { currentCurrency = newCurrency; fetchBitcoinPrice(); } ``` 3. **Toggle Visibility** ```javascript function togglePriceVisibility() { const price = document.getElementById('price'); price.style.display = price.style.display === 'none' ? 'inline' : 'none'; } ``` ## Best Practices ### 1. Error Handling - Always use try/catch with async operations - Provide meaningful error messages - Handle edge cases gracefully ### 2. Code Organization - Keep functions focused and small - Use meaningful variable names - Group related functionality - Add comments for clarity ### 3. Performance - Avoid unnecessary DOM updates - Use appropriate update intervals - Clean up intervals when not needed ## Common Challenges & Solutions ### 1. API Issues ```javascript // Handle API failures gracefully catch (error) { priceElement.textContent = 'Price unavailable'; console.error('API Error:', error); } ``` ### 2. Currency Formatting ```javascript function formatPrice(price, currency) { return new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', { style: 'currency', currency: currency }).format(price); } ``` ### 3. Time Zones ```javascript function getLocalTime() { return new Date().toLocaleString(); } ``` ## Extending the Project Consider adding these features for practice: 1. Price change indicators (up/down arrows) 2. Historical price chart 3. Multiple cryptocurrency support 4. Price alerts 5. Local storage for settings ## Debugging Tips ### Using Console ```javascript console.log('Price fetched:', price); console.error('Error occurred:', error); console.table(priceHistory); ``` ### Chrome DevTools 1. Network tab for API calls 2. Console for errors 3. Elements for DOM inspection 4. Sources for debugging ## Additional Resources - MDN JavaScript Guide - JavaScript.info - CoinGecko API Documentation - Chrome DevTools Documentation ## Next Steps 1. Add styling with CSS 2. Implement additional features 3. Learn about React for more complex applications 4. Explore other APIs and cryptocurrencies Remember: The best way to learn is by doing. Don't be afraid to break things and experiment with the code. The developer console is your friend for debugging and understanding what's happening in your application. Happy coding! 🚀

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-2.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-2.webm" type="video/webm"/> </video></div> # Setting Up Git and GitHub: A Developer's Foundation ## Lesson Overview In this lesson, we'll establish one of the most important foundations of your development journey: version control with Git and GitHub. This knowledge will enable you to track your code, back it up in the cloud, and start building your developer portfolio. ## Prerequisites - Visual Studio Code installed - Terminal/Command Line basics - GitHub account (we'll create one in this lesson) ## Key Learning Objectives - Understand what Git and GitHub are and why they're essential - Set up Git locally and connect it to GitHub - Learn basic Git commands and workflow - Create your first repository and commit - Establish good Git habits for your developer journey ## What is Git and GitHub? ### Git: Your Local Version Control - A version control system that tracks code changes over time - Prevents accidental overwrites of your work - Enables multiple developers to work on the same project safely - Runs locally on your machine ### GitHub: Your Code in the Cloud - A web-based platform that extends Git - Cloud storage for your code repositories - Enables code sharing and collaboration - Includes features like: - Issue tracking - Pull requests - Project management tools - Code review capabilities ## Why Use GitHub? ### 1. Portfolio Building - Acts as your "proof of work" as a developer - Shows your coding activity through contribution graphs - Demonstrates your consistency and dedication - Serves as a public showcase of your projects ### 2. Collaboration and Learning - Access millions of open-source projects - Learn from other developers' code - Contribute to real-world projects - Get feedback on your code - Work effectively in teams ### 3. Code Safety and Access - All your code is safely stored in the cloud - Access your projects from anywhere - Never lose your work due to computer issues ## Essential GitHub Terminology | Term | Definition | |------|------------| | Repository (Repo) | A folder containing your project files and version history | | Commit | A saved change or addition to your code | | Staging | Marking changes to be included in your next commit | | Push | Sending your local commits to GitHub | | Branch | A separate version of your code for new features or experiments | | Pull Request (PR) | A request to merge changes from one branch to another | | Clone | Creating a local copy of a remote repository | | Fork | Creating your own copy of someone else's repository | ## Hands-on Practice ### Setting Up Git 1. Install Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads 2. Configure your identity: ```bash git config --global user.name "Your Name" git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com" ``` ### Your First Repository 1. Create a new repository on GitHub named "hello-world" 2. Initialize Git locally: ```bash git init git add . git commit -m "My first commit" git remote add origin <your-repository-url> git push -u origin main ``` ## Basic Git Workflow Quick Reference ### Pushing Code to GitHub ```bash # 1. Stage your changes git add . # 2. Commit your changes with a message git commit -m "Describe your changes here" # 3. Push to GitHub git push ``` ### Getting Code from GitHub ```bash # If you already have the repository locally: git pull # If you need to download a repository: git clone https://github.com/username/repository.git ``` ## Building Good Habits ### Daily Git Practice - Make it a goal to push code every day - Even small changes count - Use your GitHub contribution graph as motivation - Track your progress over time ### Best Practices 1. Commit often with clear messages 2. Pull before you start working 3. Push your changes when you finish 4. Keep each project in its own repository 5. Include README files to explain your projects ## Common Issues and Solutions ### "No upstream branch" Error If you see this error when pushing: ```bash git push --set-upstream origin main ``` ### Changes Not Showing Up 1. Check if changes are staged: ```bash git status ``` 2. Make sure you've committed: ```bash git commit -m "Your message" ``` 3. Verify you've pushed: ```bash git push ``` ## Exercise: Start Your Journey 1. Create your GitHub account if you haven't already 2. Set up Git locally using the commands we covered 3. Create your first repository named "hello-world" 4. Make your first commit 5. Push your code to GitHub 6. Make a habit of pushing code daily ## Additional Resources - [GitHub Documentation](https://docs.github.com) - [Git Documentation](https://git-scm.com/doc) - Practice with [GitHub Learning Lab](https://lab.github.com) ## Next Steps - Start tracking all your code projects with Git - Begin building your portfolio on GitHub - Join the open-source community - Collaborate with other developers Remember: Every developer started where you are now. The key is consistency and persistence. Make pushing code to GitHub a daily habit, and you'll be amazed at your progress over time. Happy coding! 🚀

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-3.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-3.webm" type="video/webm"/> </video></div> ## What is HTML? HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the foundation of all webpages. Think of it as the framing of a house - it provides the basic structure that everything else builds upon. ### Key Concepts - HTML is a markup language, not a programming language - It tells browsers how to structure web content - Every HTML element is like a building block - Browsers interpret HTML to display content ## The Building Analogy When building a webpage, think of it like constructing a house: - **HTML**: The framing and structure (walls, rooms, layout) - **CSS**: The design elements (paint, decorations, styling) - **JavaScript**: The functionality (plumbing, electrical, moving parts) ## Basic HTML Structure ### 1. HTML Boilerplate Every webpage starts with a basic template: ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Your Page Title</title> </head> <body> <!-- Your content goes here --> </body> </html> ``` ### 2. Understanding the Parts - `<!DOCTYPE html>`: Tells browsers this is an HTML5 document - `<html>`: The root element of the page - `<head>`: Contains metadata about the document - `<body>`: Contains the visible content ## Essential HTML Elements ### 1. Headings HTML has six levels of headings: ```html <h1>Main Title</h1> <h2>Subtitle</h2> <h3>Section Header</h3> <!-- ... --> <h6>Smallest Heading</h6> ``` ### 2. Paragraphs ```html <p>This is a paragraph of text. It can contain as much text as you need.</p> ``` ### 3. Images ```html <img src="path-to-image.jpg" alt="Description of image" width="300"> ``` ### 4. Links ```html <a href="https://example.com">Click here</a> ``` ## HTML Attributes Attributes provide additional information or modify HTML elements: ```html <tag attribute="value">Content</tag> ``` Common attributes: - `src`: Source path for images - `href`: Destination for links - `alt`: Alternative text for images - `class`: CSS class names - `id`: Unique identifier - `style`: Inline CSS styles ## Semantic HTML ### What is Semantic HTML? Semantic HTML uses meaningful tags that describe their content's purpose. This improves: - Accessibility - SEO (Search Engine Optimization) - Code readability - Maintainability ### Common Semantic Elements ```html <header> <!-- Site header content --> </header> <nav> <!-- Navigation menu --> </nav> <main> <!-- Main content --> <article> <!-- Self-contained content --> </article> <section> <!-- Grouped content --> </section> </main> <footer> <!-- Site footer content --> </footer> ``` ### Non-Semantic vs Semantic Example Instead of: ```html <div class="header"> <div class="navigation"> <div class="nav-item">Home</div> </div> </div> ``` Use: ```html <header> <nav> <a href="/">Home</a> </nav> </header> ``` ## Building Your First Webpage ### 1. Basic Structure ```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>My First Webpage</title> </head> <body> <header> <h1>Welcome to My First Webpage!</h1> </header> <main> <section> <h2>About Me</h2> <p>Hi, I'm learning web development with PlebDevs!</p> </section> <section> <h2>My Interests</h2> <p>I'm interested in Bitcoin, programming, and building cool stuff!</p> </section> </main> <footer> <p>Created by [Your Name] - 2024</p> </footer> </body> </html> ``` ## Best Practices ### 1. Structure - Use proper indentation - Keep code organized and readable - Use semantic elements when possible - Include all required elements (`DOCTYPE`, `html`, `head`, `body`) ### 2. Content - Use appropriate heading levels (start with `h1`) - Write descriptive `alt` text for images - Keep content meaningful and organized - Use comments to explain complex sections ### 3. Accessibility - Use semantic HTML elements - Provide alternative text for images - Maintain a logical heading structure - Ensure content makes sense when read linearly ## Common Issues and Solutions ### Problem: Images Not Loading ```html <!-- Wrong --> <img src="image.jpg"> <!-- Right --> <img src="./images/image.jpg" alt="Description"> ``` ### Problem: Links Not Working ```html <!-- Wrong --> <a>Click here</a> <!-- Right --> <a href="https://example.com">Click here</a> ``` ## Next Steps 1. **Practice Building** - Create a personal webpage about yourself - Include different types of content (text, images, links) - Use semantic HTML elements 2. **Experiment with Structure** - Try different layouts - Use various HTML elements - Pay attention to semantic meaning 3. **Prepare for CSS** - Think about how you want your page to look - Consider what styles you'll want to add - Plan your layout structure ## Exercise: Create Your Profile Page Try creating a simple profile page using what you've learned: 1. Use the HTML boilerplate 2. Add a header with your name 3. Include an "About Me" section 4. Add a photo (if you want) 5. List your interests or goals 6. Add a footer with contact information Remember to: - Use semantic HTML - Include appropriate headings - Add descriptive alt text for images - Keep your code clean and well-organized ## Additional Resources - [MDN HTML Guide](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML) - [HTML5 Doctor (Semantic Elements)](http://html5doctor.com/) - [W3Schools HTML Tutorial](https://www.w3schools.com/html/) Remember: HTML is the foundation of web development. Take time to understand these basics well, as they'll serve as the building blocks for everything else you'll learn. Happy coding! 🚀

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-0.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/starter-lesson-0.webm" type="video/webm"/> </video></div> # Welcome to PlebDevs Starter Course ## Course Mission Welcome to the PlebDevs starter course! I'm Austin, the founder of PlebDevs, and I'll be walking you through this short intro starter course that will get you up and running and interacting with the rest of the content on the platform. If you're here, I'm assuming you're new to coding or just starting out. If you already have experience and have your bearings down, there's lots more intermediate and advanced content on the platform. This course is designed for absolute beginners. ## Course Goals ### Overall PlebDevs Goals 1. Learn how to code 2. Build Bitcoin/Lightning/Nostr apps 3. Become a developer This is a big journey with a lot of pieces and things to learn. The starter course is going to get you on that path as quickly as possible and make it a smooth journey. ### Starter Course Objectives 1. Give you an easy, high-level overview of the dev journey 2. Get you set up and comfortable in a development environment where you'll write and ship code 3. Give you basic experience in the languages covered in our courses and workshops There's lots of material out there that will just tell you exactly what to do and not explain why but I want you to actually understand for yourself. I want you to have a good mental model of what this journey is going to be like, what it's going to be like actually writing and pushing code. And then we're going to start getting our hands dirty and gain real experience. ## What is a PlebDev? ### Origins and Philosophy I started using the term "PlebDev" a few years ago to describe a unique approach to learning development in the Bitcoin space. It represents: - **Inclusive Learning**: Anyone can become a developer, regardless of background - **Growth Mindset**: Embracing the journey from beginner to professional - **Practical Focus**: Emphasizing real-world application development - **Community Support**: Learning and growing together ### Key Characteristics - 🌱 **Growth-Focused**: PlebDevs are always learning and improving - 🎯 **App-Centric**: Focus on building applications rather than protocol development - 🆕 **Embrace Being New**: Being a new developer is infinitely better than being on the sidelines - 🤝 **Community-Driven**: Bitcoin/Lightning/Nostr ecosystem needs more plebdevs like you! ## Our Learning Approach ### Core Principles 1. **Lower Barriers** - Simplify complex concepts - Focus on practical understanding - Build confidence through action 2. **Project-Based Learning** - Learn by doing - Create real applications - Build a portfolio as you learn 3. **MVP (Minimum Viable Product) Focus** - Start with core functionality - Get things working first - Iterate and improve 4. **Actionable Knowledge** - Focus on the 20% that delivers 80% of results - Learn what you can use right away - Build practical skills ### Teaching Methods - Detailed concept breakdowns - Line-by-line code explanations - Interactive learning - 1:1 support available - Community-driven progress ## Course Structure ### The Learning Path Instead of the traditional bottom-up approach, we use a project-focused method: ``` 🏔️ Advanced Skills 🏔️ Projects & Practice 🏔️ Core Concepts 🏔️ Development Environment 🏔️ Getting Started ``` We'll create checkpoints through projects, allowing you to: - Verify your understanding - Build your portfolio - See real progress - Have reference points for review ## Student Expectations ### What We Expect From You - **High Agency**: Take ownership of your learning journey - **Active Participation**: Engage with the material and community - **Persistence**: Push through challenges - **Curiosity**: Ask questions and explore concepts ### What You Can Expect From Us - Clear, practical instruction - Comprehensive support - Real-world applications - Community backing ## Getting Started ### Next Steps 1. Ensure you're ready to commit to learning 2. Set up your development environment (next lesson) 3. Join our community 4. Start building! ## Resources and Support ### Where to Get Help - plebdevs.com ### Tips for Success 1. Push code daily, even if it is small. 2. Focus on understanding rather than memorizing. 3. Build projects that interest you. 4. Engage with the community. 5. Don't be afraid to ask questions. ## Remember You don't need to become a "10x developer" overnight. The goal is to start writing code, build useful things, and gradually improve. Every expert was once a beginner, and the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single line of code. Ready to begin? Let's dive into the next lesson where we'll set up your development environment! 🚀

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Following our updated [February predictions](https://stacker.news/items/894412/r/Undisciplined), here's how stackers are predicting the NBA season will play out: - Champ - Celtics - MVP - SGA - All NBA 1st Team - Jokic, Giannis, Ant, SGA, Brunson ----- # Full results ## Champion - Celtics 5/15 - Thunder 2/15 - Pacers 2/15 - Nuggets 1/15 - Timberwolves 1/15 - Lakers 1/15 - Grizzlies 1/15 - Cavaliers 1/15 - Knicks 1/15 ## MVP - SGA 8/15 - Luka 3/15 - Giannis 2/15 - Jokic 1/15 - Lebron 1/15 ## All NBA 1st Team - Jokic 14/15 - Giannis 14/15 - SGA 13/15 - Ant 8/15 - Brunson 7/15 - Luka 7/15 - Tatum 5/15 - KAT 4/15 - Mitchell 1/15 - Wemby 1/15 - Steph 1/15 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/901107

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/htak8D2tv_M?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div> # PlebDevs ⚡️ A one-of-a-kind developer education, content, and community platform built on Nostr and fully Lightning integrated. <br />[https://plebdevs.com](https://plebdevs.com) ## Overview PlebDevs is an open-source platform that combines educational content, community interaction, and Bitcoin/Lightning integration. The platform publishes content to Nostr and actively pulls from Nostr relays, creating a distributed, interoperable trail of Documents, Videos, and Courses. ## Technical Implementation ### Nostr Integration - **Content Distribution**: Implements NIP-23 for rich multimedia content embedding - **Content Encryption**: Paid content bodies are encrypted while maintaining metadata visibility - **Authentication**: - Multi-method signup (NIP-07, Email, GitHub, Anonymous) - Ephemeral keypair generation for non-Nostr users - Account linking and recovery system - **Lists & Courses**: NIP-51 implementation for structured content organization - **Monetization**: NIP-99 for digital content sales - **Automated Subscriptions**: NIP-47 (Nostr Wallet Connect) for recurring payments - **Badge System**: NIP-58 for automated achievement rewards - **Identity**: NIP-05 for custom platform identities - **Additional NIPs**: Implements NIP-01, NIP-19, NIP-39, NIP-57 ### Platform Architecture - **Content Management**: - Draft system with preview capabilities - Parameterized replaceable events - Multi-format support (Markdown, Video, Mixed Media) - Course builder with drag-and-drop ordering - **User Management**: - Profile synchronization with Nostr - Activity tracking and progress monitoring - Custom relay configuration - Wallet connection management - **Admin Features**: - Protected admin routes based on pubkey configuration - Content creation and management interface - Draft/publish workflow - Course assembly tools

@ 4f1c14e5:b8546d05

Training ideologies often lead to tribalism when they shouldn’t. As with all things, there are no solutions - only tradeoffs. The reality is that free weights and machines are both tools. The one you should use is determined by your objective. In either case, creating tension within the target muscle group is always the objective when it comes to building muscle. It's this mechanical tension that's responsible for initiating the growth process by destroying already formed muscle cells. Both machines and free weights accomplish this objective. As a general rule, the more stable you are during an exercise, the more tension you can create within the target muscle. The difference is simply that machines offer more stability. That’s neither better nor worse, it just is. Stability within exercises is a spectrum. We create stability by bracing against things. The more points of contact and the more of your body that braces against things, the more stability you will have. Because of gravity, we are forced to have at least one point of contact braced against something at all times. Typically, it's the floor. A pistol squat offers a very low amount of stability because of the lack of bracing. In this example, only one foot is braced against the floor. Adding a second foot to the ground and doing a body weight squat enhances stability. Holding onto a bar or a bench in front of you while squatting now adds another layer of stability. A hack squat is a machine where both feet are planted on a platform and the user rests the posterior portion of their entire upper body - from their lower back to their head - against a pad. This machine has a fixed movement pattern which further reduces any instability. These are all examples of different exercises that follow the same movement pattern, yet offer varying degrees of stability. Which should beginners use? Again, both is the best approach. But what would happen if you limited yourself to mostly one or the other? Predominantly using machines as a beginner will allow you to forego the lack of development in your ability to stabilize yourself. The machine stabilizes your body for you in a way that beginners simply aren’t able to at first. You are braced by a seat, a back pad/chest pad and maybe a handle or two as well. In addition to this bracing, the movement path is already carved out for you. You simply position yourself appropriately and push (or pull), and the machine does the rest. This allows you to focus more on creating tension in the target muscle as well as learning to train to failure safely. Predominantly using free weights as a beginner will force you to develop stability from the start. There are no pads anywhere to brace your body against. Your body must learn to brace against itself. **You** become the machine. This may limit your ability to create maximum tension in the target muscles at first, but the stability you create this way will translate to systemic muscular development. You'll become thicker everywhere because your body works as a system to stabilize itself against gravity. The stability built through free weight movements will transfer over to machines. If you can stabilize yourself with just a barbell, the stability you can create while braced in a machine will translate to even greater tension. You’ll be stabilized by your body AND the machine. Since it makes the most sense to do both, the only thing left is understanding which circumstances are better suited for machines vs free weights. Since fatigue is something we all contend with during a workout, it makes sense to program the least stabilized, most demanding movements earlier in the workout and the most stabilized, least demanding movements later in the session. This not only allows you to create the most tension possible throughout the workout, but is also the safest approach. It would be unwise to schedule barbell front squats at the end of a workout when fatigue is high and energy is low. Not only will you fail to generate maximum tension, but you’ll put yourself at higher risk of injury. TLDR; use both, but do free weight stuff first.

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/F-px_Eqr16E?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div> # PlebDevs ⚡️ A one-of-a-kind developer education, content, and community platform built on Nostr and fully Lightning integrated. <br />[https://plebdevs.com](https://plebdevs.com) ## Overview PlebDevs is an open-source platform that combines educational content, community interaction, and Bitcoin/Lightning integration. The platform publishes content to Nostr and actively pulls from Nostr relays, creating a distributed, interoperable trail of Documents, Videos, and Courses. ## Technical Implementation ### Nostr Integration - **Content Distribution**: Implements NIP-23 for rich multimedia content embedding - **Content Encryption**: Paid content bodies are encrypted while maintaining metadata visibility - **Authentication**: - Multi-method signup (NIP-07, Email, GitHub, Anonymous) - Ephemeral keypair generation for non-Nostr users - Account linking and recovery system - **Lists & Courses**: NIP-51 implementation for structured content organization - **Monetization**: NIP-99 for digital content sales - **Automated Subscriptions**: NIP-47 (Nostr Wallet Connect) for recurring payments - **Badge System**: NIP-58 for automated achievement rewards - **Identity**: NIP-05 for custom platform identities - **Additional NIPs**: Implements NIP-01, NIP-19, NIP-39, NIP-57 ### Platform Architecture - **Content Management**: - Draft system with preview capabilities - Parameterized replaceable events - Multi-format support (Markdown, Video, Mixed Media) - Course builder with drag-and-drop ordering - **User Management**: - Profile synchronization with Nostr - Activity tracking and progress monitoring - Custom relay configuration - Wallet connection management - **Admin Features**: - Protected admin routes based on pubkey configuration - Content creation and management interface - Draft/publish workflow - Course assembly tools

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/yOKs5L18YcI?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tGVxP4RgyI4?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7dsR7um-DxA?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ f33c8a96:5ec6f741

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/QY6euaT_G_E?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Alright, Fast February has come to an end. It was more impactful than I anticipated, considering daily intermittent dry fasting had been part of my routine for a long time. I had definitely let the practice slip to the point where I probably wasn't regularly entering ketosis. Now, my food cravings are substantially reduced and it's quite easy for me to confine my eating to a smaller window. Even with the fiscal fast being over, I just bought some vitamins and coconut milk (no cravings for junk food or snacks). I would have gotten some fruit, too, but it didn't look great. I did notice craving more juicy foods this month, as my dry fasts got longer. Eating more fruit will probably be an adjustment I make going forward. If you have any practices that have been on autopilot, I recommend occasionally putting some focus on them to make sure they're still doing what you thought they were. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/901017

@ 378562cd:a6fc6773

You're in the right place if you've feel like you have never known God but feel drawn to Him. The Bible is God’s Word, His way of speaking to us, and it holds the truth about who He is, who we are, and how we can have a relationship with Him. Here’s a *simple guide* to getting started: **Step 1: Begin with Jesus** The best place to start is with Jesus. He is the heart of the Bible’s message; we can know God through Him. Start by reading the Gospel of John in the New Testament. It clearly shows who Jesus is, His love for us, and why He came to save us. **Step 2: Talk to God as You Read** Reading the Bible isn’t just about gathering knowledge and meeting God. Ask Him to help you understand. A simple prayer like, "God, if You are real, show me the truth. Help me know You" is enough. **Step 3: Understand the Main Message** The Bible tells one big story: God created us (Genesis 1:1) Sin separated us from God (Romans 3:23) Jesus came to save us (John 3:16) We can be forgiven and have eternal life through Him (Romans 10:9) **Step 4: Accepting Jesus into Your Heart** If you believe that Jesus is the Son of God, that He died for your sins, and that He rose again, you can ask Him to forgive you and come into your life. You don’t need fancy words—just a sincere heart. You can pray something like this: "Jesus, I believe You are the Son of God. I believe You died for my sins and rose again. I ask You to forgive me, change me, and come into my life. I want to follow You. Amen." **Step 5: Keep Going!** Read a little each day. Start with John, then move to Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Find a Bible-believing church or group to help you grow. Pray daily — talk to God like you would a friend. Trust that God will guide you as you seek Him. If you’ve taken these steps, you’ve begun the greatest journey of your life—walking with Jesus. Keep seeking, keep learning, and know that God loves you deeply. 💙 I may not know you, and you may not know me, but this guide can be a lifeline if you carry burdens— drama, heartache, struggles, pains or whatever. If you commit to following the steps of this guide and make time to read your Bible daily, you’ll find wisdom, peace, and the strength to face whatever life throws your way.

@ bbb5dda0:f09e2747

**A couple weeks with a little bit of everything, TollGate marketing, app stability improvements, and some personal matters that needed my attention. Let's get into it:** ## TollGate App For starters, we worked hard to get an early version of the [TollGate](https://tollgate.me) website live. What do we want to communicate about the project, and to whom. We've identified three 'types' of visitor, each requiring its own 'customer journey' through the website. First there's the end-user, someone that just wants access to tollgate, but doesn't care about any of the technichalities. We try to guide those people to downloading our app as soon as possible. Currently that means downloading it straight from the website as an APK file. But we want to quickly move on to publishing it to the [ZapStore](https://zapstore.dev). The past couple weeks I put some efforts into getting the app stable. It was hard to identify what was causing the seemingly random crashes and full reloads (of the web content). After getting some outside help we've identified that we were trying to interact with the android API's on the main thread. Which is bad practice. I first couldn't figure out how to make a web request without having to spawn a seperate thread in the kotlin code, that then we'd have to create some kind of system to bubble up the callback method's result. I then found there's a proper [Tauri (the framework) way](https://tauri.app/develop/plugins/develop-mobile/) of doing this using Kotlin Coroutines, which I wasn't familliar with. But it just executes the entire Tauri 'command' (function call) on a background thread. Problem solved. I haven't had any full app crashes since. Which left me with the random page refreshes, the thing that was behind the demo-effect at Sat's and Facts. I noticed it happened around the moments I would go to settings to hit the 'sign in' button to dismiss the captive portal. That's where I had looked before, but I needed to zoom out. It had to do SOMETHING with moving the app to and from the background. Okay is it some kind of sleep issue? I don't remember where or how I found it but I saw a suggestion to run the Tauri dev build with a --no-watch flag. Which disables hot reloading of the app when I edit one of the TypeScript/HTML files. Somehow the reload would be triggered sometimes on app switching. Why? I don't know, but i'm glad I could pinpoint it. So now the demo part seems stable, finally. Which means I can move on and properly implement the wallet logic and making the download on the website work. ## TollGateOS  The second customer group will be people interested in running a TollGate. We're trying to get them to download our custom build of OpenWRT that includes all the required packages. We 'baptized' this version to be called **TollGateOS** as we say in proper Dutch ;). I think it will help to have these clear distinct names. I really want any moderately technical person to be able to install TollGateOS on a supported router. My vision for this is to have some kind of web installer, akin to what GrapheneOS does with their web-installer. It seems to be possible to do SSH from the browser, but I'll kill that bird when I see it (is that a saying? I think it should be...) By the way, in earlier docs/demo's we talked about a 'herald' module, which would do the advertising of the tollgate. But as we found that the crowsnest already interacts with the hardware antennas, which is needed for 'advertising' the tollgate, we thought it better to merge both of them into the Crowsnest. ## Developers TollGate is fully open source, so anyone looking to either look at or fork the source code is welcome to do so. Developers interested at looking at the code are probably already interested to some degree. For this group we added easy links to navigate to the project's repositories Currently our focus is publishing the Android version, but we're building the app in a cross-platform way. The only thing we have to customize are the system integrations, like scanning for wifi-networks and connecting to them. ## Gearing up for Sovereign Engineering As i'm writing this piece for you i'm at 10km (that's 30.000ft for y'all Americans) in the air on my way to Sovereign Engineering edition #4, SEC-04. I feel ready to go kick ass once again and build beautiful things with a bunch of my favourite plebs! ## A bit of a focus shift If you've been following me you might notice I haven't posted much about Epoxy recently. I found the momentum I see emerge on TollGate and GitHub Actions too good to let go to waste. So those will be my focus for a while, I'm hoping to circle back to Epoxy when these projects have a more steady pace.

@ df478568:2a951e67

In [my Soapminer article](https://habla.news/u/marc@primal.net/washing-the-invisible-hand-with-soapminer), I added quotes from various plebs. I earned over 12,000 sats! That's enough for a McJunk today, but maybe a steak dinner in a few years. That's my two sats anyway. *This is not investment advice* It feels great to receive value from people who support and appreciate your work. It's also nice to stack more sats by writing. I have a budget of $25.00 that I have sent to various people using Zapplanner, but I'm trying something new: Zapsplits. ## WTF Are Zapsplits? I asked [Unleashed.chat](https://unleashed.chat). Here's what the anthropomorphic Unleashed said. Me: What is a Zapsplit on nostr?  Unleashed: A Zapsplit on Nostr refers to splitting a Zap, which is a form of donation or tipping on the ~platform~ protocol, among multiple recipients. **It allows users to distribute their support more broadly across various content creators instead of just one**. That's more succinct than I would put it, but nostr is a protocol, not a platform. The important part about Zapsplits for me is that it removes the cognitive cost of deciding what percentage of my giving budget should go to each creator. Do I zap podcast guests? Do podcasters with ads get less than podcasters sans ads? How much value did this particular article bring me? If I zap Guy Swann, should I also zap the authors he reads? Should I zap long-form articles more than micro-blogs? There are 21 million different considerations. Zapsplits removes all this from me because I can use the following algorithm.  ### Does This Person Provide Me Value? Yes ⬇️ I add them to my Zapsplit post for that month. A portion of my monthly zapping budget, 25 dirty-fiat bucks, transforms into magic Internet money and is distributed among everyone in the Zapsplit. No ⬇️ If I don't get any value, I don't send value. Simple. #### Testing Zapsplits I added podcasters and devs to a nostr post and enabled a 10-way zapsplit on the post. It's based on [prisms](https://www.nobsbitcoin.com/lightning-prism-nostr/), a little nostr feature that gives me prose writing superpowers. 1. I can earn sats for writing. 2. I can support others with a single zap. 3. I can add people who give me quotes to my zap splits. People appreciate attribution. I suspect they will appreciate it more if they also get paid. What if I added some quotes to an article and then split any zaps I get with the quoted plebs? Come to think of it, I'll try it. [Here's a quote from a dev on nostr](nostr:note1qf4277rudtflllrjr555890xsjp6u60f7xdvclkwc9t220duajeq0x665q I added Silberangel to the Zapsplits on Habla.news. My [V4V](https://blog.getalby.com/the-case-for-value-4-value/) payments can also get sent to ten different plebs with a simple click of a button. I am going to start using this for a lot of my monthly V4V budget. Every month, I'll think about the people's content I value most and add them to a single zapsplit payment. Then, I'll zap the post. Say I create a poll and make a wager with ten different people. If I lose, I can pay everyone pit at the same time. This is probably better for a football pool, but you get the idea. The options are limited only by your imagination.  nostr:nevent1qqspnhucgxc6mprhw36fe2242hzv7zumavyy7dhzjswtldhxk4dh7ugpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygxlg7zks3uauf454q7phhzdh2mpkhxg9cdrzt3t9z7gzksj49g7vupsgqqqqqqsl5uwfl Other people can also zap the post. As Siberangel says, we can use other people's money to provide value, too. This is a great option for stacking neophytes, people who don't have much bitcoin or cheap skates. Let's be honest, bitcoin has made most of us cheapskates. Bitcoin books with multiple authors can have QR codes that link to one of these Zapsplit posts. The authors can do a book signing and sell their books using this on nostr. Nerds like me can get three autographs and zap the book. The sats are split among all authors. Here's a Zapsplit that includes all the authors of Parallel.  Can you think of any other ways to use Zapsplits? Let me know. npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0 [885,610](https://mempool.marc26z.com/block/00000000000000000000742c0f980fcfcbd25fade47c3ebcfd69eda93f6861c7) [Merch](https://marc26z.com/merch/)

@ 43baaf0c:d193e34c

eARThist vlog name represents the fusion of Earth and Art and me as traveling artist. I'm kicking off my vlogging journey with my first vlog, Bangkok Lightning Tour. My goal with vlogging is to share more about my art journey as I travel the world. After years of traveling and filming around the world, I’m now fully focused on my art. However, filming and photography remaining a passion of mine. I also create still some travel content for my company, @traveltelly, whenever I’m not drawing.  After spending time creating art around the world, this feels like the natural next step sharing more behind the scenes moments of both traveling and my artist life.  I started in Bangkok, a city I often visit and where I’ve spent the last five months creating the BangPOP art. Teaming up with Sats ‘n’ Facts, I explored Bangkok to see how Bitcoin Lightning adoption is growing here. Bitcoin has given me the freedom to create art, so I wanted to see if it’s also helping others in Bangkok. On a scorching 35°C day, we filmed three places where you can pay with Bitcoin Lightning. You can find these locations on btcmap.org.  I’m leaving Bangkok soon, but more vlogs from Thailand will follow when I return. I always find my way back to the Land of Smiles.

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Bitcoin, since its creation by the enigmatic figure Satoshi Nakamoto, has revolutionized the concept of currency. Its journey from an obscure digital token to a major financial asset has been marked by dramatic bull runs, capturing the attention of investors worldwide. These surges in Bitcoin's value are not random but are driven by a combination of technological innovation, economic factors, and unique monetary policy. In this article, we explore the intricacies of Bitcoin's scarcity, the halving process, and the broader market dynamics that contribute to its periodic bull runs. The allure of Bitcoin lies not just in its technological novelty but also in its challenge to traditional financial systems. It represents a decentralized form of currency, free from government control and manipulation. This aspect has been particularly appealing in times of economic uncertainty, where traditional currencies and markets have shown vulnerability. Bitcoin's bull runs can be seen as a barometer of the changing landscape of finance, reflecting a growing shift towards digital assets. **Table of Contents** - The Concept of Scarcity in Bitcoin - Finite Supply - Impact on Value - The Halving Events - Mechanism and Purpose - Historical Impact on Price - Market Dynamics and Investor Sentiment - Institutional Investment - Global Economic Factors - Technological Advancements - Regulatory Environment - Conclusion - FAQs **The Concept of Scarcity in Bitcoin** **Finite Supply** Bitcoin's protocol ensures that only 21 million coins will ever be in existence. This limit is encoded in its blockchain, making it a deflationary asset as opposed to inflationary fiat currencies. The idea behind this is to create a form of money that can resist inflationary pressures over time, much like gold, which has maintained its value for centuries due to its scarcity. **Impact on Value** The scarcity of Bitcoin has a profound psychological impact on investors. It creates a sense of urgency and a fear of missing out (FOMO) as the available supply dwindles. This is particularly evident as each Bitcoin halving event approaches, reminding the market of the ever-decreasing new supply. The result is often a speculative rally, as seen in the past bull runs. Moreover, as Bitcoin becomes more scarce, its comparison to gold becomes increasingly apt, attracting investors who are looking for assets that can retain value over time. Scarcity also plays into the hands of long-term investors, often referred to as 'HODLers' in the crypto community. These investors view Bitcoin as a long-term store of value, akin to an investment in precious metals. The limited supply of Bitcoin reassures these investors that their holdings will not be devalued through oversupply, a common problem in fiat currencies. **The Halving Events** **Mechanism and Purpose** Bitcoin's halving is a genius mechanism that ensures a controlled and gradual distribution of coins. By reducing the mining reward by half every four years, Bitcoin mimics the process of extracting a natural resource like gold, becoming progressively harder and more resource-intensive to mine. This not only controls inflation but also adds to the scarcity, making each coin more valuable over time. **Historical Impact on Price** Each halving event has historically led to an increase in Bitcoin's price, though not immediately. There is typically a lag between the halving and the subsequent bull run. This delay can be attributed to market adjustment and the gradual realization of reduced supply. The anticipation of this price increase often starts a positive feedback loop, attracting more investors and further driving up the price. The halving events serve as key milestones in Bitcoin's timeline, providing a predictable pattern of supply reduction that savvy investors monitor closely. These events have become celebratory moments within the Bitcoin community, symbolizing the strength and resilience of the network. They also serve as a reminder of Bitcoin's unique value proposition in the world of cryptocurrencies. **Market Dynamics and Investor Sentiment** **Institutional Investment** The recent years have seen a paradigm shift with the entry of institutional investors into the Bitcoin market. This shift is significant as it marks a departure from Bitcoin's early days of being a niche asset for tech enthusiasts. Institutional investors bring with them not only large capital inflows but also a sense of legitimacy and stability to the market. Their involvement has been a key driver in the maturation of the cryptocurrency market, making it more appealing to a broader audience. **Global Economic Factors** The role of global economic factors in influencing Bitcoin's price cannot be overstated. In times of economic instability, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, investors increasingly turned to Bitcoin as a safe haven asset. This trend is indicative of a growing recognition of Bitcoin's value as a hedge against inflation and economic uncertainty. The decentralized nature of Bitcoin makes it less susceptible to geopolitical tensions and policy changes that affect traditional currencies and markets. **Technological Advancements** The continuous evolution of blockchain technology and the infrastructure surrounding Bitcoin has played a crucial role in its adoption. Developments such as improved transaction speed, enhanced security measures, and user-friendly trading platforms have made Bitcoin more accessible and attractive to a wider audience. These technological advancements are crucial in building investor confidence and facilitating the integration of Bitcoin into mainstream finance. **Regulatory Environment** The regulatory environment for Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies has been a double-edged sword. On one hand, clear and supportive regulations in certain jurisdictions have provided a boost to the market, encouraging institutional participation and providing clarity for investors. On the other hand, regulatory crackdowns in some countries have led to market volatility and uncertainty. The ongoing development of a regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies remains a key factor in shaping Bitcoin's future. **Conclusion** Bitcoin's journey is a testament to the evolving nature of finance and investment in the digital age. Its bull runs, driven by scarcity, halving events, and a complex interplay of market dynamics, highlight the growing acceptance of cryptocurrencies as a legitimate asset class. As the world increasingly embraces digital currencies, Bitcoin's role as a pioneer and standard-bearer will likely continue to influence its value and relevance in the global financial landscape. Understanding Bitcoin's market dynamics is not just about analyzing charts and trends. It's about appreciating the broader context of economic, technological, and social changes that are reshaping the way we think about money and value. For investors and enthusiasts alike, staying informed and adaptable is key to navigating the exciting and often unpredictable world of Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies. **FAQs** **What causes a Bitcoin bull run?** Bitcoin bull runs are typically driven by a combination of factors including its built-in scarcity due to the finite supply, halving events reducing the mining rewards, institutional investment, global economic factors, advancements in blockchain technology, and the evolving regulatory landscape. **How does Bitcoin's scarcity affect its value?** Bitcoin's value is significantly influenced by its scarcity. With a capped supply of 21 million coins, as demand increases, the limited supply pushes the price upwards, similar to precious metals like gold. **What is a Bitcoin halving event?** A Bitcoin halving event is when the reward for mining new Bitcoin blocks is halved, effectively reducing the rate at which new Bitcoins are created. This occurs approximately every four years and is a key factor in Bitcoin's deflationary model. **Why do institutional investors matter in Bitcoin's market?** Institutional investors bring significant capital, credibility, and stability to the Bitcoin market. Their participation signals a maturation of the market and can lead to increased confidence and investment from other sectors. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnewsco](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co/](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@thebitcoinlibertarian](https://www.youtube.com/@thebitcoinlibertarian)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** **Get Orange Pill App And Connect With Bitcoiners In Your Area. Stack Friends Who Stack Sats link: https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/croxroad** **Buy Bitcoin Books At Konsensus Network Store. 10% Discount With Code “21croxroad” link: https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=21croxroad** *DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.*

@ 732c6a62:42003da2

 > De acordo com a Forbes, a Ripple (Empresa responsável pela Criptomoeda XRP) tem financiado e apoiado campanhas contra a mineração de Bitcoin. ## **Por que Ripple faz propaganda anti-bitcoin?** Simples: **eles são o oposto do Bitcoin em quase tudo.** Enquanto o Bitcoin foi criado para ser descentralizado, resistente à censura e independente de instituições, o Ripple é basicamente um serviço bancário 2.0. Eles precisam atacar o Bitcoin para justificar sua própria existência. ## **O que você não sabe:** 1. **Ripple Labs controla a maioria do XRP:** Eles têm um estoque estratégico que pode ser liberado no mercado a qualquer momento. Isso é o oposto de descentralização. 2. **XRP não é uma moeda para "pessoas comuns":** Foi criada para bancos e instituições financeiras. Basicamente, é o "banco central" das criptomoedas. 3. **Ripple não é blockchain no sentido tradicional:** Eles usam um protocolo chamado **Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm (RPCA)**, que é mais rápido, mas menos descentralizado. ## **Os principais ataques do Ripple ao Bitcoin:** 1. **Anti-mineração:** O Ripple critica o consumo de energia do Bitcoin, mas esquece que seu próprio sistema depende de servidores centralizados que também consomem energia. 2. **Anti-reserva estratégica:** O Ripple tem um estoque gigante de XRP, mas critica o Bitcoin por ser "deflacionário". Hipocrisia? Nunca ouvi falar. 3. **Anti-descentralização:** O Ripple prega que a descentralização do Bitcoin é "ineficiente", mas o que eles realmente querem é manter o controle nas mãos de poucos. ## **Análise Psicológica Básica (para você que acha que XRP é o futuro):** - **Síndrome do Underdog:** Acha que apoiar o Ripple te faz um rebelde, mas na verdade você está torcendo para o sistema bancário tradicional. - **Viés de Confirmação:** Só ouve opiniões que validam sua decisão de comprar XRP. - **Efeito Dunning-Kruger:** Acha que entender Ripple te torna um especialista em criptomoedas, mas não sabe o que é um *hard fork*. **Estudo de Caso (Real, mas Você Vai Ignorar):** Carlos, 30 anos, comprou XRP porque "é o futuro das transações bancárias". Ele não sabe que o Ripple está sendo processado pela SEC por vender XRP como um título não registrado. Carlos agora está esperando o "pump" que nunca vem. ## **Conclusão: ou, "volte para a aula de economia do ensino médio"** Ripple não é o futuro das finanças. É só mais um player tentando lucrar em um mercado competitivo. E sua propaganda anti-Bitcoin? Essa só prova que **a descentralização assusta quem quer controle**. Agora vá estudar blockchain básico — ou pelo menos pare de compartilhar memes com erros de português.

@ b83a28b7:35919450

## **Preamble** *I used OpenAI's o3-mini reasoning engine to construct a thesis for the Russia-Ukraine conflict using the positions of Jeffery Sachs and John Mearsheimer. I then asked it to create a counterargument to those positions- the antithesis. And I finally asked for a synthesis that concludes in lasting peace in the region. In all three cases, I prompted it to only use axiomatic deductive reasoning and first principles thinking, emphasizing facts and ignoring the opinions and assertions of so-called experts.* # The Thesis ## **John Mearsheimer's Position: A Realist Perspective** ### **First Principles** 1. **States prioritize survival**: In an anarchic international system (no overarching authority), states act to maximize security and minimize threats. 2. **Great powers seek regional hegemony**: States aim to dominate their immediate regions to prevent rival powers from threatening them. 3. **Proximity amplifies threat perception**: The closer a rival power or alliance is to a state's borders, the greater the perceived threat. ### **Logical Reasoning** 1. NATO's eastward expansion brings a U.S.-led military alliance closer to Russia’s borders. - From the principle of proximity, this increases Russia’s perceived insecurity. 2. Ukraine’s potential NATO membership represents a direct challenge to Russia’s sphere of influence. - A great power like Russia would logically act to prevent this encroachment, as it undermines its regional dominance. 3. Russia’s actions (e.g., annexation of Crimea in 2014 and invasion in 2022) are defensive responses to NATO's perceived encroachment. - From the principle of survival, Russia seeks to neutralize threats by ensuring Ukraine does not join NATO. 4. The U.S. and NATO ignored Russia’s stated red lines (e.g., no NATO membership for Ukraine). - This provoked predictable countermeasures from Russia, consistent with great-power behavior. ### **Conclusion** From a realist perspective, NATO expansion is the root cause of the conflict. Russia’s actions are not imperialistic but defensive responses to protect its security and sphere of influence. ## **Jeffrey Sachs' Position: A Historical and Diplomatic Perspective** ### **First Principles** 1. **Agreements create expectations**: Commitments between states establish norms that guide future behavior. 2. **Security is interdependent**: One state’s pursuit of security can increase another state’s insecurity (the "security dilemma"). 3. **Conflicts are preventable through diplomacy**: Negotiations and compromises can avert wars by addressing mutual concerns. ### **Logical Reasoning** 1. In 1990, U.S. officials assured Soviet leaders that NATO would not expand eastward if Germany was reunified. - If such assurances were made (even informally), subsequent NATO expansion violated these expectations, fostering mistrust. 2. The U.S.'s unilateral withdrawal from treaties like the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (2002) and its push for NATO enlargement exacerbated Russia's insecurity. - By the principle of interdependent security, these actions predictably escalated tensions with Russia. 3. Putin proposed negotiations in 2021 to prevent NATO expansion into Ukraine, but these were rejected by the U.S. - Diplomacy could have addressed Russian concerns without war, but its rejection left military action as Russia’s only perceived option. 4. Ukraine’s neutrality could have prevented conflict by satisfying both Russian and Western security concerns. - Neutrality would reduce NATO's proximity to Russia while preserving Ukraine's sovereignty. ### **Conclusion** From Sachs’ perspective, the war is a consequence of U.S.-led NATO expansion and missed diplomatic opportunities. A negotiated settlement based on Ukrainian neutrality remains the logical path to peace. ## Deductive Insights 1. Both positions agree that NATO expansion is central to understanding the conflict but differ in emphasis: - Mearsheimer focuses on structural inevitabilities in great-power politics. - Sachs highlights historical commitments and missed opportunities for diplomacy. 2. Both rely on axioms about state behavior: - Mearsheimer emphasizes security maximization through power balancing. - Sachs underscores trust-building through adherence to agreements. In conclusion, reasoning from first principles supports both scholars’ views as internally consistent frameworks for explaining the Ukraine conflict, though they emphasize different aspects of state behavior and international relations logic. To construct counterarguments to the positions of John Mearsheimer and Jeffrey Sachs using axiomatic deductive reasoning, we will start with alternative first principles and challenge their logical conclusions. This approach ensures that the counterarguments are rooted in logic and facts, without relying on external opinions or assertions. ## **Counterarguments to John Mearsheimer's Position** ### **First Principles for the Counterargument** 1. **Sovereign states have the right to self-determination**: All states, regardless of size, have the right to choose their alliances and political alignments. 2. **Security is not zero-sum**: One state’s pursuit of security does not always come at the expense of another’s; collective security arrangements can enhance stability. 3. **Aggression undermines security**: A state that invades its neighbors creates insecurity for itself by provoking opposition and strengthening rival alliances. ### **Logical Reasoning** 1. NATO expansion was voluntary and driven by the sovereign decisions of Eastern European states seeking protection from historical Russian aggression. - From the principle of self-determination, NATO enlargement reflects the legitimate choices of countries like Poland, Estonia, and Ukraine to align with a defensive alliance, not an act of Western aggression against Russia. 2. Russia’s perception of NATO as a threat is not inherently justified. - NATO is a defensive alliance with no history of invading non-member states. From the principle that security is not zero-sum, NATO’s presence near Russia does not necessarily reduce Russian security unless Russia itself acts aggressively. 3. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine contradicts Mearsheimer’s claim that its actions are purely defensive. - By attacking Ukraine, Russia has provoked a stronger NATO presence in Eastern Europe (e.g., Finland and Sweden joining NATO) and increased its own insecurity. This undermines the principle that great powers act rationally to maximize their security. 4. The analogy to the Cuban Missile Crisis is flawed. - In 1962, the U.S. objected to Soviet missiles in Cuba because they posed an immediate offensive threat. NATO membership for Ukraine does not involve stationing offensive weapons aimed at Russia but rather a defensive commitment. ### **Conclusion** Mearsheimer’s argument fails to account for the agency of smaller states and overstates the inevitability of conflict due to NATO expansion. Russia’s actions are better explained as aggressive attempts to reassert imperial influence rather than rational defensive measures. # The Antithesis ## **Counterarguments to Jeffrey Sachs' Position** ### **First Principles for the Counterargument** 1. **Informal agreements lack binding force**: Verbal or informal assurances between states do not constitute enforceable commitments in international relations. 2. **Security dilemmas require mutual restraint**: Both sides in a conflict must take steps to reduce tensions; unilateral blame is insufficient. 3. **Sovereign equality underpins diplomacy**: No state has the right to dictate another state’s foreign policy or alliances. ### **Logical Reasoning** 1. The alleged 1990 U.S. assurance against NATO expansion was never formalized in any treaty or agreement. - From the principle that informal agreements lack binding force, subsequent NATO enlargement cannot be considered a violation of commitments since no legal obligation existed. 2. Russia’s actions have escalated tensions far more than NATO expansion ever did. - By annexing Crimea (2014) and invading Ukraine (2022), Russia has actively destabilized its neighbors and created insecurity across Europe. From the principle of mutual restraint, Russia bears responsibility for escalating the conflict rather than solely responding to U.S./NATO actions. 3. Diplomatic solutions require both parties to negotiate in good faith. - Putin’s 2021 proposals demanded guarantees that Ukraine would never join NATO—a condition that violates Ukraine’s sovereignty and right to self-determination. From the principle of sovereign equality, such demands are inherently illegitimate. 4. Neutrality is not always a viable solution. - Ukraine attempted neutrality after independence (e.g., refusing to join NATO for decades). However, this did not prevent Russian aggression in 2014 or 2022, undermining Sachs’ claim that neutrality would have ensured peace. ### **Conclusion** Sachs’ argument overemphasizes historical grievances and ignores Russia’s active role in escalating tensions through aggression and coercion. The failure of diplomacy lies as much with Russia’s demands as with Western policies. ## **Deductive Insights from Counterarguments** 1. Both Mearsheimer and Sachs underestimate the agency of smaller states like Ukraine, which made sovereign decisions based on their own security needs rather than being mere pawns in great-power politics. 2. Both positions assume that Russia’s actions are primarily reactive or defensive, but this ignores evidence that Russia has proactively pursued aggressive policies (e.g., Georgia 2008, Crimea 2014). 3. The principle of sovereignty challenges both scholars’ frameworks: - Mearsheimer overlooks Ukraine's right to align with NATO if it chooses. - Sachs dismisses Ukraine's agency by suggesting neutrality could have been imposed as a solution. In conclusion, while Mearsheimer and Sachs present internally consistent arguments, their frameworks can be challenged by emphasizing sovereignty, rejecting inevitability in great-power conflict, and highlighting Russia's active role in escalating tensions beyond what can be justified by security concerns alone. # The Synthesis: A Balanced Framework for Resolving the Russia-Ukraine Conflict ### **First Principles for Synthesis** 1. **Security is interdependent**: A state’s pursuit of security can create insecurity for others, necessitating mutual accommodation. 2. **Sovereignty is fundamental but constrained by geography**: States have a right to self-determination, but geography imposes practical limits on absolute sovereignty in a multipolar world. 3. **Great powers act to preserve their spheres of influence**: In an anarchic international system, great powers prioritize regional dominance to ensure their survival. 4. **Diplomacy is essential for de-escalation**: Durable peace requires negotiated compromises that address the core interests of all parties involved. ### **Reconciling the Thesis and Antithesis** #### **Thesis (Mearsheimer and Sachs' Positions)** - NATO expansion near Russia’s borders provoked a predictable response from Moscow, reflecting structural dynamics of great-power competition. - U.S. and NATO policies ignored Russian security concerns, contributing to the escalation of tensions. - Diplomacy and neutrality for Ukraine are necessary to resolve the conflict. #### **Antithesis (Counterarguments)** - NATO expansion was driven by voluntary decisions of Eastern European states seeking protection from historical Russian aggression, not Western provocation. - Russia’s actions are not purely defensive but reflect imperial ambitions that violate Ukraine’s sovereignty. - Neutrality alone would not guarantee peace, as Russia has acted aggressively even when Ukraine was neutral. #### **Synthesis** Both perspectives contain valid insights but fail to fully address the complexity of the conflict. The synthesis must: 1. Acknowledge Russia’s legitimate security concerns while rejecting its imperialistic actions. 2. Respect Ukraine’s sovereignty while recognizing that its geographic position necessitates pragmatic compromises. 3. Balance great-power dynamics with smaller states’ rights to self-determination. ## **Proposed Solution: A Comprehensive Peace Framework** To achieve an enduring peace in Ukraine and stabilize Eastern Europe, the following steps are proposed: ### 1. Immediate Ceasefire - Both sides agree to an immediate cessation of hostilities under international supervision (e.g., UN peacekeeping forces). - A demilitarized buffer zone is established along current frontlines to prevent further clashes. ### 2. Neutrality with Conditions - Ukraine adopts a status of permanent neutrality, enshrined in its constitution and guaranteed by international treaties. - Neutrality includes: - No NATO membership for Ukraine. - Freedom for Ukraine to pursue economic integration with both the EU and other global partners without military alignments. ### 3. Security Guarantees - Russia receives legally binding assurances that NATO will not expand further eastward or station offensive weapons near its borders. - Ukraine receives multilateral security guarantees from major powers (e.g., U.S., EU, China) to deter future aggression from any party. ### 4. Territorial Dispute Resolution - Crimea’s status is deferred to future negotiations under international mediation, with both sides agreeing to maintain the status quo in the interim. - Donetsk and Luhansk regions are granted autonomy within Ukraine under a decentralized federal structure, ensuring local governance while preserving Ukrainian sovereignty. ### 5. Economic Reconstruction - An international fund is established for rebuilding war-torn regions in Ukraine, with contributions from Russia, Western nations, and multilateral institutions. - Economic cooperation between Ukraine and Russia is encouraged through trade agreements designed to benefit both parties. ### 6. Phased Implementation - Peace agreements are implemented incrementally to build trust: - Initial steps include withdrawal of heavy weaponry, prisoner exchanges, and humanitarian aid delivery. - Subsequent phases involve constitutional reforms (e.g., neutrality), elections in disputed regions, and gradual reintegration of territories under international supervision. ### 7. Long-Term Regional Security Framework - A new regional security framework is established involving Russia, Ukraine, NATO members, and neutral states to manage disputes peacefully. - This framework institutionalizes dialogue channels for arms control, economic cooperation, and crisis management. ## **Rationale for the Solution** 1. **Balances Security Concerns**: - Neutrality addresses Russia’s fears of NATO encirclement while preserving Ukraine’s independence. - Security guarantees reduce mistrust between NATO and Russia while protecting Ukraine from future aggression. 2. **Respects Sovereignty**: - Ukraine retains its independence and territorial integrity (except for deferred issues like Crimea) while accommodating regional realities through federalism and neutrality. 3. **Acknowledges Great-Power Dynamics**: - The solution recognizes Russia’s need for a secure sphere of influence without legitimizing its imperial ambitions or violating international law. 4. **Builds Trust Through Gradualism**: - Incremental implementation allows both sides to verify commitments before proceeding further. - International monitoring ensures compliance with agreements. 5. **Incorporates Lessons from History**: - Neutrality models (e.g., Austria) demonstrate that such arrangements can work when backed by strong guarantees. - Phased implementation mirrors successful peace processes in other conflicts (e.g., Colombia). ## **Conclusion** The synthesis reconciles the structural realism of Mearsheimer with Sachs’ emphasis on diplomacy by proposing a balanced solution that addresses both security dilemmas and sovereignty concerns. Neutrality serves as the linchpin for de-escalation, while phased implementation builds trust over time. By integrating immediate conflict resolution measures with long-term regional frameworks, this approach offers a realistic path toward enduring peace in Eastern Europe. *Citations:* [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/geopolitics/comments/1drhxxh/john_mearsheimers_take_on_the_russoukrainian_war/ [2] https://www.reddit.com/r/CredibleDefense/comments/14ktcv2/the_darkness_ahead_where_the_ukraine_war_is/ [3] https://www.reddit.com/r/PoliticalScience/comments/1bp64ub/what_is_with_mearsheimer_and_russia/ [4] https://www.reddit.com/r/AskConservatives/comments/1gznjks/do_you_think_appeasing_putin_is_the_right_way_to/ [5] https://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/comments/1hu8iop/cmv_the_united_states_should_continue_to_send_aid/ [6] https://internationalpolicy.org/publications/jeffrey-sachs-matt-duss-debate-u-s-russia-talks-to-end-ukraine-war/ [7] https://www.reddit.com/r/IRstudies/comments/17iwfpr/john_mearsheimer_is_wrong_about_ukraine/ [8] https://scheerpost.com/2024/11/23/jeffrey-sachs-explains-the-russia-ukraine-war/ [9] https://consortiumnews.com/2023/09/21/jeffrey-sachs-nato-expansion-ukraines-destruction/ [10] https://www.democracynow.org/2025/2/18/russia_ukraine [11] https://www.reddit.com/r/geopolitics/comments/15kwpx3/ukraine_war_and_the_paradox_of_mearsheimers/ [12] https://braveneweurope.com/jeffrey-d-sachs-the-real-history-of-the-war-in-ukraine-a-chronology-of-events-and-case-for-diplomacy [13] https://www.jeffsachs.org/newspaper-articles/nato-chief-admits-expansion-behind-russian-invasion [14] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2c06cbc711d95427489f8bc781c45daab461ccde [15] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/46e28172de2a520e4f77e654a37687a7757d9d49 [16] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e8c17a15a554054c755a1b1d53d3e1099d159033 [17] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/65cbcec6ac255413086db567774844f84c813600 [18] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d11db25ffa5b50ef38d18c2a1e2243e4c7c53b24 [19] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5b750f3d763d728ae2bcf2ce3e6cf67a8281bb2b [20] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/34883bf28c7a988eb2c2fe458b7eab3180b36dcc [21] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b64319315d02b2cc1dff936d69be40d78d15f6b9 [22] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c4ca4d645825a5b8d7389c45bcfcad0eeebecd81 [23] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11734947/ [24] https://www.reddit.com/r/PoliticalScience/comments/17iwhqi/john_mearsheimer_is_wrong_about_ukraine/ [25] https://www.reddit.com/r/geopolitics/comments/1ih646n/john_mearsheimer_is_offensive_realist_who_should/ [26] https://www.reddit.com/r/neoliberal/comments/tjhwi4/a_response_to_mearsheimers_views_on_nato_ukraine/ [27] https://www.reddit.com/r/IRstudies/comments/1b12pdh/genuine_structural_realist_cases_against_us/ [28] https://www.reddit.com/r/lexfridman/comments/17xl8jk/john_mearsheimer_israelpalestine_russiaukraine/ [29] https://www.reddit.com/r/geopolitics/comments/17xve8j/people_give_too_much_credit_to_the_realist/ [30] https://www.reddit.com/r/PoliticalDiscussion/comments/zvfquu/do_you_agree_with_john_mearsheimers_complex_view/ [31] https://www.reddit.com/r/geopolitics/comments/1bghzbp/john_mearshimer_and_ukraine/ [32] https://www.reddit.com/r/LabourUK/comments/tbzs2d/john_mearsheimer_on_why_the_west_is_principally/ [33] https://www.reddit.com/r/IRstudies/comments/1gjus1i/playing_devils_advocate_to_john_mearsheimer/ [34] https://www.reddit.com/r/TheAllinPodcasts/comments/1fipvmu/john_mearsheimer_and_jeffrey_sachs_on_american/ [35] https://www.e-ir.info/2024/03/31/dissecting-the-realist-argument-for-russias-invasion-of-ukraine/ [36] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G6YOVl5LKTs [37] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362890238_Mearsheimer_Realism_and_the_Ukraine_War [38] https://www.ndsmcobserver.com/article/2024/01/john-mearsheimer-talks-war-and-international-politics [39] https://euideas.eui.eu/2022/07/11/john-mearsheimers-lecture-on-ukraine-why-he-is-wrong-and-what-are-the-consequences/ [40] https://academic.oup.com/ia/article-pdf/98/6/1873/47659084/iiac217.pdf [41] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qciVozNtCDM [42] https://metacpc.org/en/mearsheimer2022/ [43] https://www.fpri.org/article/2023/01/the-realist-case-for-ukraine/ [44] https://www.mearsheimer.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Why-the-Ukraine-Crisis-Is.pdf [45] https://www.newyorker.com/news/q-and-a/why-john-mearsheimer-blames-the-us-for-the-crisis-in-ukraine [46] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cd2fd9e8ea82fa4e7f2f66a2eb517f4ba34981a0 [47] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/99942047e1e43e77ef76e147e51b725a63d86e22 [48] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a53f98c63c58e4268856bde3883abc72e43e03bf [49] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/471f43cd36c53141ee24a431eef520bec311c15c [50] https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d56b89349fade26cef69c1d0cffd6887adca102d [51] 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@ d360efec:14907b5f

**ภาพรวม (Integrated Overview)** ถ้าพิจารณาทั้ง TF Daily, 4H, และ 15m (พร้อมข้อมูล Money Flow ที่เป็นลบในทุก TF) ราคาปัจจุบันประมาณ 84,579 **การวิเคราะห์แบบรวม*** 1. **แนวโน้ม (Trend):** * **Daily:** *ขาลง* (Bearish) แม้ว่าราคาจะอยู่เหนือเส้นค่าเฉลี่ยเคลื่อนที่ (EMA) แต่ *Money Flow ที่เป็นลบอย่างรุนแรง* บ่งชี้ถึงแนวโน้มขาลง * **4H:** *ขาลง* (Bearish) Money Flow เป็นลบอย่างมาก และมี *รูปแบบ* Head and Shoulders ที่มีโอกาสเกิดขึ้น * **15m:** *ขาลง* (Bearish) Money Flow เป็นลบ 2. **SMC & ICT (Smart Money Concepts & Inner Circle Trader):** * **Buyside Liquidity:** อยู่เหนือราคาสูงสุดปัจจุบัน ระดับราคาที่ *อาจ* เป็นแนวต้าน (จากกราฟ Daily): 90456.8, 92755.8, 95054.9, 97354.0, 99653.1, 101952.1, 104251.3, 106550.3, 109998.9, และ 117000.0 ใน TF 15m, Buyside Liquidity คือจุดสูงสุดของแท่งเทียนก่อนหน้า * **Sellside Liquidity:** แนวรับสำคัญ: 80,000 (Neckline ของ Head and Shoulders ใน TF 4H, ตัวเลขกลม, แนวรับทางจิตวิทยา) แนวรับอื่นๆ: 83559.5, 81260.4, 78961.4, 76662.3, 74363.2, 72064.1, 69705.1, 67400.0, 66811.7, และ 65166.9 (จากกราฟ Daily) ใน TF 15m, Sellside Liquidity คือจุดต่ำสุดของแท่งเทียนก่อนหน้า 3. **Money Flow:** * **Daily:** *เป็นลบอย่างมาก* (Strongly Negative) * **4H:** *เป็นลบอย่างมาก* (Strongly Negative) * **15m:** *เป็นลบ* (Negative) * **นี่คือตัวบ่งชี้ที่สำคัญที่สุดในขณะนี้ และเป็นขาลงในทุก Timeframe** 4. **EMA (Exponential Moving Averages):** * **Daily:** ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA 50 และ 200 *แต่ถูกหักล้างด้วย Money Flow ที่เป็นลบ* * **4H:** ราคาอยู่เหนือ EMA 50 และ 200 *แต่ถูกหักล้างด้วย Money Flow ที่เป็นลบ* * **15m:** ราคาแกว่งตัวรอบ EMA 50, อยู่เหนือ EMA 200 *แต่ถูกหักล้างด้วย Money Flow ที่เป็นลบ* 5. **Trend Strength (AlgoAlpha):** * **Daily:** เมฆ Ichimoku เป็นสีเทา (Neutral - เป็นกลาง) * **4H:** เมฆ Ichimoku เป็นสีเทา (Neutral - เป็นกลาง) * **15m:** เมฆ Ichimoku เป็นสีเทา (Neutral - เป็นกลาง) 6. **Chart Patterns (รูปแบบกราฟ):** * **Daily:** ไม่มีรูปแบบที่ชัดเจน แต่มีการอ่อนตัวของราคา * **4H:** *มีโอกาสเกิด* รูปแบบ Head and Shoulders (กลับหัว) (Bearish - ขาลง) * **15m:** ไม่มีรูปแบบที่ชัดเจน แต่อาจเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ Right Shoulder ใน TF 4H **กลยุทธ์ Day Trade (SMC-Based)** เนื่องจาก Money Flow ที่เป็นลบอย่างท่วมท้นในทุก Timeframes และรูปแบบ Head and Shoulders ที่มีโอกาสเกิดขึ้นใน TF 4H กลยุทธ์การซื้อขายที่สมเหตุสมผล *เพียงอย่างเดียว* คือ **การป้องกันอย่างเข้มงวด** โดยเน้นที่ **การหลีกเลี่ยงสถานะ Long** และพิจารณาสถานะ Short *เฉพาะ* เมื่อมีเงื่อนไขที่เข้มงวดมากเท่านั้น 1. **Long (Buy):** *ไม่แนะนำโดยเด็ดขาด* (Absolutely, unequivocally not recommended) การทำเช่นนี้จะเป็นการซื้อขายสวนทางกับแนวโน้มหลักและสัญญาณ Money Flow ที่ชัดเจน 2. **Short (Sell):** * **Entry (จุดเข้า):** นี่คือการเทรด *เดียว* ที่ *อาจ* มีเหตุผลสนับสนุน, แต่ *เฉพาะ* เมื่อเงื่อนไข *ทั้งหมด* ต่อไปนี้เป็นจริง: * รูปแบบ Head and Shoulders ใน TF 4H *เสร็จสมบูรณ์* ด้วยการ Breakout ที่ชัดเจนใต้ Neckline (80,000-81,000) * การ Breakout ใต้ Neckline เกิดขึ้นพร้อมกับ *Volume ที่สูง* * Money Flow ใน *ทั้งสาม* Timeframes ยังคง *เป็นลบอย่างมาก* * คุณมีสัญญาณ Bearish อื่นๆ ยืนยัน (เช่น รูปแบบแท่งเทียน Bearish, Bearish Divergence) * **Target (เป้าหมาย):** ระดับ Sellside Liquidity (เช่น 78961.4, 76662.3) * **Stop Loss (จุดตัดขาดทุน):** *เหนือ* Neckline หรือ Right Shoulder ทันที *จำเป็นต้องมี Stop Loss ที่เข้มงวดอย่างยิ่ง* 3. **No Trade (ไม่เทรด):** เป็นตัวเลือกที่ *ดีที่สุด* สำหรับนักเทรด/นักลงทุนส่วนใหญ่ ความเสี่ยงที่จะเกิดการปรับฐานครั้งใหญ่มีสูงมาก **สรุป** สถานการณ์ของ BTC คือ **Bearish อย่างมาก** *Money Flow ที่เป็นลบอย่างมากในทุก Timeframes* เป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่สุด ซึ่งมีน้ำหนักมากกว่าสัญญาณ Bullish ใดๆ ก่อนหน้านี้จาก EMA รูปแบบ Head and Shoulders ที่มีโอกาสเกิดขึ้นใน TF 4H ช่วยเพิ่มการยืนยันแนวโน้ม Bearish **สถานะ Long ไม่สมเหตุสมผลอย่างยิ่ง** สถานะ Short *อาจ* พิจารณาได้, แต่ *ต้อง* มีการยืนยันสัญญาณที่ชัดเจน *ทั้งหมด* และมีการบริหารความเสี่ยงที่เข้มงวดมาก **"Wait and See" (รอดู) และการรักษาเงินทุนเป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่สุด** **Disclaimer:** การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัว ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุน ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบ

@ d360efec:14907b5f

$OKX:BTCUSDT.P **Overview (Integrated Overview)** All three provided timeframes (Daily, 4H, and 15m, *all now confirmed to have negative Money Flow*), The current price is approximately 84,579. **Integrated Analysis** 1. **Trend:** * **Daily:** *Bearish*. While the price is above the EMAs, the *strongly negative Money Flow* on the Daily chart overrides the EMA signal, indicating a bearish trend. The Ichimoku Cloud is neutral, further supporting the idea that the previous bullish trend is weakening. * **4H:** *Bearish*. Strongly negative Money Flow and a *potential* (but not yet confirmed) inverted Head and Shoulders pattern. * **15m:** *Bearish*. Negative Money Flow. 2. **SMC & ICT (Smart Money Concepts & Inner Circle Trader):** * **Buyside Liquidity:** Above the current high. Potential resistance levels (derived from the Daily chart image, assuming it's from 2025): 90456.8, 92755.8, 95054.9, 97354.0, 99653.1, 101952.1, 104251.3, 106550.3, 109998.9, and 117000.0. On the 15m chart (though we are prioritizing the Daily and 4H now), Buyside Liquidity would be represented by recent swing highs. * **Sellside Liquidity:** Key support: 80,000 (this is the approximate neckline of the *potential* Head and Shoulders pattern on the 4H chart, a round number, and a psychological support level). Other support levels (derived from the Daily chart image): 83559.5, 81260.4, 78961.4, 76662.3, 74363.2, 72064.1, 69705.1, 67400.0, 66811.7, and 65166.9. On the 15m chart, Sellside Liquidity would be represented by recent swing lows. 3. **Money Flow:** * **Daily:** *Strongly Negative*. This is a major bearish signal. * **4H:** *Strongly Negative*. This reinforces the bearish signal and is consistent with the Daily chart. * **15m:** *Negative*. This confirms the short-term outflow of money. * **The consistently negative Money Flow across all timeframes is the most important and dominant indicator in this analysis.** 4. **EMA (Exponential Moving Averages):** * **Daily:** Price is above the EMA 50 (yellow) and EMA 200 (white). *However, the strongly negative Money Flow overrides the bullish signal typically provided by the price being above the EMAs.* * **4H:** Price is above the EMA 50 and EMA 200. *Again, the strongly negative Money Flow overrides this.* * **15m:** Price is oscillating around the EMA 50 and above the EMA 200. *The negative Money Flow overrides this.* 5. **Trend Strength (AlgoAlpha Indicator):** * **Daily:** The Ichimoku Cloud is gray (Neutral). This is *not* a bullish signal and is consistent with the negative Money Flow. * **4H:** The Ichimoku Cloud is gray (Neutral). * **15m:** The Ichimoku Cloud is gray (Neutral). 6. **Chart Patterns:** * **Daily:** No *fully formed* classic chart pattern. However, the recent price action shows a loss of upward momentum and the beginning of a potential downward move. This *weakening* price action, combined with the strongly negative Money Flow, is bearish. * **4H:** *Potential* inverted Head and Shoulders pattern. This is a *bearish reversal pattern*. It's crucial to understand that this pattern is *not yet confirmed*. Confirmation requires a decisive break *below* the neckline (approximately 80,000-81,000), *with increased volume* and *continued negative Money Flow*. * **15m:** No clearly defined classic chart pattern. The 15m price action is best understood as potentially forming the right shoulder of the 4H Head and Shoulders. **SMC-Based Day Trading Strategies** Given the overwhelmingly bearish evidence – primarily the strongly negative Money Flow across all timeframes, combined with the potential Head and Shoulders pattern on the 4H chart – the *only* justifiable trading strategy is **extreme caution and a strong bias against long positions**. Short positions have a *slightly* higher probability of success, but only under *very specific* conditions and with *extremely* tight risk management. 1. **Long (Buy):** *Absolutely, unequivocally not recommended*. There is no technical justification for entering a long position at this time. This would be trading directly against the dominant bearish signals. 2. **Short (Sell):** * **Entry:** This is the *only* trade with *any* potential, and *only* if *all* of the following conditions are met: * The Head and Shoulders pattern on the 4H chart *fully completes* with a decisive break *below* the neckline (80,000-81,000). * The breakout below the neckline occurs on *significantly increased volume*. * The Money Flow on *all three* timeframes (Daily, 4H, and 15m) remains *strongly negative* at the time of the breakout. * Additional bearish confirmation is present (e.g., bearish candlestick patterns, bearish divergences on other oscillators like RSI or MACD – which we cannot see from the provided images). * **Target:** Sellside Liquidity levels, derived from the Daily chart. Potential targets include, but are not limited to: 78961.4, 76662.3, 74363.2, and potentially lower. * **Stop Loss:** *Immediately* above the neckline (after the breakout) or above the high of the right shoulder (if placing the trade *before* a confirmed neckline break – which is *extremely* risky). *An extremely tight stop-loss is absolutely mandatory* due to the inherent volatility of BTC and the potential for false breakouts. 3. **No Trade (Cash):** This is, by far, the *best* and most prudent option for the vast majority of traders and investors. The risk of a substantial price decline is extremely high, given the confluence of bearish signals. Preserving capital should be the primary objective. **Key Levels to Watch:** * **80,000 - 81,000 (4H Chart):** This is the neckline of the potential Head and Shoulders pattern. A sustained break below this level, with the confirming factors listed above, would be a strong bearish signal. * **Money Flow on all chart**: **Conclusion** The overall technical picture for BTC, **strongly bearish**. The *dominant factor* is the *consistently and strongly negative Money Flow across all three timeframes*. This overrides any seemingly bullish signals from the EMAs. The potential (but unconfirmed) Head and Shoulders pattern on the 4H chart adds further weight to the bearish case. **Long positions are completely unjustified and extremely risky.** Short positions *might* be considered, but *only* with the strictest possible entry criteria, complete confirmation from multiple indicators, and extremely tight risk management. **The "Wait and See" approach, prioritizing capital preservation, is the most prudent strategy for most market participants.** This situation calls for extreme caution and a defensive posture. **Disclaimer:** This analysis is a personal opinion. It is not financial advice. Trading and investing in cryptocurrencies involves significant risk. Always do your own research and consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions.

@ ed5774ac:45611c5c

**Trump and Vance Expose Zelensky: The West’s Narrative Machine Meets Reality** In the modern era, the West has perfected the art of ruling through narratives. Stories, carefully crafted and disseminated, have become the primary tool for shaping public perception, justifying actions, and maintaining control. This narrative-driven approach to governance has been the cornerstone of Western power since the 20th century, and nowhere is this more evident than in the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. Enter Volodymyr Zelensky, the comedian-turned-president, who has become a poster child for this narrative-driven world order. But in a recent confrontation with Donald Trump and J.D. Vance, Zelensky’s carefully constructed facade crumbled, exposing the fragility of the Western storytelling empire. **The West’s Narrative Machine** As Alastair Crooke astutely observes in his article **The Western Way of War: Owning the Narrative Trumps Reality** ( https://www.unz.com/article/the-western-way-of-war-owning-the-narrative-trumps-reality), the West’s power lies not in its military or economic might alone but in its ability to control the narrative. Crooke argues that the West has mastered the art of “owning the story,” creating a reality that serves its interests, regardless of facts on the ground. This narrative dominance ensures that the general public—often referred to as the masses—follows along without questioning, accepting the official line as gospel truth. To maintain this control, the West relies on carefully curated protagonists who can sell its stories to the world. Take, for example, the story of Volodymyr Zelensky, a former actor whose rise to power was itself a narrative triumph. Portrayed as a relatable outsider who defeated the corrupt establishment, Zelensky promised hope and reform. But behind this carefully crafted image lay darker forces. Oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky, one of Ukraine’s most powerful and controversial figures, played a pivotal role in Zelensky’s ascent. Kolomoisky, who owned the TV channel that aired Zelensky’s show Servant of the People, used his media empire to propel the political novice into the spotlight. This was not a grassroots movement but a calculated maneuver by Ukraine’s oligarchic elite to maintain control under a new, more palatable face. **Zelensky’s Rise and the West’s Geopolitical Strategy** Zelensky’s rise was not just a domestic political shift; it was a calculated move by the West to advance its long-standing goal of containing Russia and dominating Eurasia. The West, particularly the EU and NATO, saw Ukraine as a critical piece in its geopolitical chess game. By installing a pro-Western leader like Zelensky, the West aimed to pull Ukraine firmly into its orbit, knowing full well that such a move would antagonize Moscow. This was not an accidental escalation but a deliberate provocation, designed to create a pretext for further Western intervention. To polish Zelensky’s image and present him as a beacon of hope for peace and the Westernization of Ukraine, the West also needed to whitewash Ukraine’s darker realities. This meant turning a blind eye to the corruption and oligarchic influence that underpinned Zelensky’s presidency. Equally ignored were the neo-Nazi crimes and policies that had been well-documented before 2014, such as the rise of far-right groups like Svoboda and the Azov Battalion, their glorification of Nazi collaborator **Stepan Bandera**, and their violent attacks on ethnic minorities, political opponents, and LGBTQ+ communities. These atrocities, once reported in Western media, were suddenly erased from the narrative after 2014, as if they had never existed, to preserve the image of Ukraine as an innocent victim in the West’s geopolitical chess game. **The Grand Chessboard: Ukraine as a Proxy** The West’s use of Ukraine as a geopolitical pawn is not a recent development. Its roots can be traced back to Zbigniew Brzezinski’s 1997 book The Grand Chessboard, in which the former U.S. National Security Advisor laid out a blueprint for American dominance in Eurasia. He famously wrote, “The one who rules the heartland rules the world, the one who rules East Europe rules the heartland, the one who rules Ukraine rules East Europe.” This statement foreshadowed the West’s strategic interest in Ukraine as a tool to contain and destabilize Russia—a goal that has driven Western policy for decades. Even in 2008, Western leaders like Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy opposed Ukraine’s NATO membership, recognizing that such a move would provoke Russia. Classified cables from William Burns, the U.S. Ambassador to Russia at the time, echoed this sentiment. Burns warned that NATO expansion into Ukraine was a “red line” for Moscow, succinctly stating, “**Nyet means nyet**.” The West was fully aware that it was playing with fire, risking a direct confrontation with Russia that could escalate into a potential World War III. Yet, despite these warnings, the West pushed forward with its agenda, pulling Ukraine into its orbit. The stakes were simply too high to abandon the plan. At the heart of this strategy lies the West’s desperate need to sustain its faltering economic system. Since the 2008 financial crisis, the Western debt-driven financial model has teetered on the brink of collapse. Sovereign debt crises loom large, and the banking industry, reliant on endless money printing, urgently needs new collateral to back its ever-expanding debt. Russia’s vast resource-rich territories—filled with oil, gas, minerals, and rare earth metals—offer a tempting solution. By dominating Russia and seizing control of its natural wealth, the West could issue **resource-backed bonds,** financial instruments tied directly to Russia’s oil and gas reserves. These bonds would allow the West to leverage Russia’s resources as collateral, providing a stable foundation for its debt-ridden financial system. Controlling access to these resources would ensure currency stability and keep Western economies functioning, even as debt levels soar. But the West’s ambitions extend beyond economic survival. Controlling Russia’s resources would also allow it to sever China’s access to critical raw materials, undermining Beijing’s economic and military development. By dominating Russia’s energy exports, the West could manipulate global energy prices, stabilizing its own economies while weakening rivals like China, which relies heavily on Russian energy. The U.S. and EU view China as the greatest geopolitical challenge of the 21st century, and by encircling and weakening Russia, they aim to isolate and contain Beijing. In this grand strategy, Ukraine is not merely a pawn but a critical linchpin in the West’s efforts to reshape the global order—even at the risk of catastrophic conflict. **Zelensky’s Role in the West’s Strategy** To execute this high-stakes strategy, the West needed a compelling narrative—one that could justify its actions, rally public support, and obscure its true motives. Therefore, they created the narrative around Volodymyr Zelensky, casting him as a global symbol of resistance, a hero fighting against the “evil” of Putin’s Russia. The West, particularly the EU and NATO, embraced this narrative, using it to justify billions in aid—much of which served as a cover for money laundering—sanctions on Russia, and the broader geopolitical agenda outlined above. Zelensky became the face of this narrative, a willing participant in the West’s grand strategy, even as his own country was turned into a battlefield. Zelensky’s narrative, however, is built on shaky ground. Take, for example, the claim that Putin is “non-agreement capable”—a talking point frequently parroted by Western media and politicians. This assertion is not only baseless but laughably ironic. Unlike the West, which has a long history of signing agreements only to disregard them (e.g., the Minsk agreements, the Istanbul peace deal in March 2022, or NATO’s broken promise not to expand eastward), Putin has consistently honored the contracts and treaties he has signed. The West, not Russia, is the true exemplar of “non-agreement capable” behavior. Yet, Zelensky and his Western backers continue to peddle these lies, confident that the general public will follow. The narrative is simple: Ukraine is the victim, Russia is the aggressor, and any suggestion to the contrary is dismissed as propaganda. This black-and-white storytelling leaves no room for nuance, truth, or accountability. **Trump and Vance: Slapping Down the Narrative** Enter Donald Trump and J.D. Vance. In a recent meeting with Zelensky, the duo did what few in the West have dared to do: they called out the narrative for what it is—a fabrication. Trump, known for his blunt rhetoric, and Vance, a rising voice of realism in foreign policy, confronted Zelensky with the uncomfortable truth. They exposed the contradictions in his claims, highlighting the West’s role in prolonging the conflict and the absurdity of expecting the world to believe in a one-sided story. Zelensky, accustomed to the adulation of Western elites and the uncritical support of the media, was unprepared for this reality check. His carefully rehearsed lines fell flat, his confidence wavered, and the mask slipped. The confrontation was a rare moment of clarity in a sea of narrative-driven fog, a reminder that truth, when spoken boldly, can still shatter even the most entrenched lies. **The Meltdown of a Narrative Puppet** Zelensky’s meltdown in the face of Trump and Vance’s truth-telling is emblematic of a larger crisis in the West’s narrative-driven order. For decades, the West has relied on storytelling to maintain its dominance, but this approach is increasingly unsustainable. The rise of alternative media, the growing skepticism of the public, and the emergence of leaders like Trump and Vance who refuse to play along are exposing the cracks in the narrative machine. Zelensky, the figurehead who believed he could sell his lies to 8 billion people, is a cautionary tale. He is not the master of his narrative but a puppet, manipulated by his masters in the EU and NATO. His failure to withstand scrutiny is a testament to the hollowness of the stories he tells and the fragility of the system that props him up. **Conclusion: The End of Narrative Dominance?** The confrontation between Trump/Vance and Zelensky is more than just a political spat; it is a microcosm of the broader struggle between narrative and reality. The West’s reliance on storytelling as a tool of governance is reaching its limits. As Crooke warns, when the narrative diverges too far from reality, it risks collapsing under its own weight. The general public, once content to follow blindly, is beginning to question. Leaders like Trump and Vance are challenging the status quo, forcing the world to confront uncomfortable truths. Zelensky’s meltdown is a sign of things to come—a harbinger of the end of narrative dominance and the return of reality-based governance. The question is, will the West adapt, or will it cling to its stories until the very end?

@ 6a6be47b:3e74e3e1

Hi frens, 🎨 While painting today, my mind wandered from [my latest blog entry](https://samhainsam.art/2025/02/28/exploring-beelzebub-the-mystery-and-the-beauty-of-insects/)to future artistic endeavors.[I've been open about my feelings as an artist](https://yakihonne.com/naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzq6ntu3amztepmkq0rmelmu5y6y4zjv2vagxxnk67e5z2k5l8fclpqqgrzeryvd3nwctrvcer2dmpvserxs5na9p), but that's just the tip of the iceberg. I realized I haven't properly introduced myself here, so let me remedy that. 🖼️Art has been my lifelong passion. Nostr and its wonderful community have reignited my belief in my work, showing me that art can be both enlightening and potentially profitable. I'm truly grateful for the warm welcome and positive vibes I've encountered here. 🦋Nostr made me feel confident enough to speak my mind on a social platform (or should I say protocol? 😉). Some fun facts about me: 🐹 I'm a "golly jolly" kind of gal who's always curious about the world and seeking answers. 🐹I'm a sunscreen enthusiast in summer (but in winter, I'm buried under so many layers, I practically double in size!) 🐹Birdwatching is a hobby of mine. I've researched and painted some cool birds like [shoebills](https://samhainsam.art/2024/06/25/shoebill-%f0%9f%90%a6/) and [bearded vultures](https://samhainsam.art/2024/07/04/bearded-vulture-%f0%9f%90%a6/). (Any suggestions for my next avian subject?) 🩷I'm truly happy to be here and grateful for each day. My goal is to spread joy through my art and interactions. Thanks for being part of this journey with me! In your personal experience, how has it been discovering Nostr wether you're an artist or not? What's you favorite part of your journey so far? Godspeed 🚀 

@ 4fe4a528:3ff6bf06

Technology adoption has been hard for a lot of people to understand. Tucker this week finally understood why gold became money. He finally understood that hard money drives out money that isn’t scarce. Still, most people don’t store their wealth in the hardest money ever made—Bitcoin. Yes, Bitcoin went down 20-25% this week. How can the scarcest asset vary that much? Humans tend toward emotion—fear or greed. I am no exception, but if you have a plan or have been here before, you can control your emotion. Let me illustrate. I installed a camera on the barn this week so I could save time checking on the cows. Lo and behold, the WiFi wasn’t strong enough, so I bought two outdoor access points. Whenever I would add them to the house, the WiFi mesh system would cause my internet to go down on the main computer. Fear of losing internet was causing me to consider taking a $100 write-off on my idea of saving time. Because I have solved networking issues before, I had the courage to be greedy and keep working at it. I know a lot of people would give up on technology and throw their cell phone in the snowbank - my neighbor does that. He usually comes back for it because he likes communication. Is a cell phone a feature or a bug? Answer… both. What Satoshi solved 16 years ago was how to move 1s and 0s to different devices and keep them secure. What Vint Cerf solved 35 years ago was how to route 1s and 0s and have the packets arrive at the intended destination. Both Bitcoin and the Internet rely on people not throwing their cell phone in the snowbank. This last drawdown in Bitcoin has given me hope that people will start to understand technology better and give up on Sol and Eth. Finally, people are realizing that printing digital coins doesn’t help people, just like printing Canadian dollars doesn’t help the average Canadian get ahead. It could be that Sam Bankman-Fried is in jail, but I think it has more to do with people starting to get comfortable with technology. https://youtu.be/fxWZO0FEQ1g

@ a95c6243:d345522c

*Ständige Lügen und Unterstellungen, permanent falsche Fürsorge* *\ können Bausteine von emotionaler Manipulation sein. Mit dem Zweck,* *\ Macht und Kontrolle über eine andere Person auszuüben.* *\ Apotheken Umschau* &#x20; **Irgendetwas muss passiert sein: «Gaslighting» ist gerade Thema** in vielen Medien. Heute bin ich nach längerer Zeit mal wieder über dieses Stichwort gestolpert. Das war in einem [Artikel](https://norberthaering.de/propaganda-zensur/dwd-referenzperiode/) von Norbert Häring über Manipulationen des Deutschen Wetterdienstes (DWD). In diesem Fall ging es um eine Pressemitteilung vom Donnerstag zum «viel zu warmen» Winter 2024/25. **Häring wirft der Behörde vor, dreist zu lügen und Dinge auszulassen,** um die Klimaangst wach zu halten. Was der Leser beim DWD nicht erfahre, sei, dass dieser Winter kälter als die drei vorangegangenen und kälter als der Durchschnitt der letzten zehn Jahre gewesen sei. Stattdessen werde der falsche Eindruck vermittelt, es würde ungebremst immer wärmer. **Wem also der zu Ende gehende Winter eher kalt vorgekommen sein sollte,** mit dessen Empfinden stimme wohl etwas nicht. Das jedenfalls wolle der DWD uns einreden, so der Wirtschaftsjournalist. Und damit sind wir beim Thema Gaslighting. **Als** **[Gaslighting](https://bayern-gegen-gewalt.de/gewalt-infos-und-einblicke/formen-von-gewalt/psychische-gewalt/gaslighting/)** **wird eine Form psychischer Manipulation bezeichnet,** mit der die Opfer desorientiert und zutiefst verunsichert werden, indem ihre eigene Wahrnehmung als falsch bezeichnet wird. Der Prozess führt zu Angst und Realitätsverzerrung sowie zur Zerstörung des Selbstbewusstseins. Die Bezeichnung kommt von dem britischen Theaterstück «Gas Light» aus dem Jahr 1938, in dem ein Mann mit grausamen Psychotricks seine Frau in den Wahnsinn treibt. **Damit Gaslighting funktioniert, muss das Opfer dem Täter vertrauen.** Oft wird solcher Psychoterror daher im privaten oder familiären Umfeld beschrieben, ebenso wie am Arbeitsplatz. Jedoch eignen sich die Prinzipien auch perfekt zur Manipulation der Massen. Vermeintliche Autoritäten wie Ärzte und Wissenschaftler, oder «der fürsorgliche Staat» und Institutionen wie die UNO oder die WHO wollen uns doch nichts Böses. Auch Staatsmedien, Faktenchecker und diverse NGOs wurden zu «vertrauenswürdigen Quellen» erklärt. Das hat seine Wirkung. **Warum das Thema Gaslighting derzeit scheinbar so populär ist,** vermag ich nicht zu sagen. Es sind aber gerade in den letzten Tagen und Wochen auffällig viele Artikel dazu erschienen, und zwar nicht nur von Psychologen. Die *Frankfurter Rundschau* hat gleich mehrere publiziert, und [Anwälte](https://www.anwalt.de/rechtstipps/gaslighting-beispiele-anzeichen-strafbarkeit-212449.html) interessieren sich dafür offenbar genauso wie Apotheker. **Die** ***Apotheken Umschau*** **machte sogar auf** **[«Medical Gaslighting»](https://archive.is/Wx5YM)** **aufmerksam.** Davon spreche man, wenn Mediziner Symptome nicht ernst nähmen oder wenn ein gesundheitliches Problem vom behandelnden Arzt «schnöde heruntergespielt» oder abgetan würde. Kommt Ihnen das auch irgendwie bekannt vor? Der Begriff sei allerdings irreführend, da er eine manipulierende Absicht unterstellt, die «nicht gewährleistet» sei. **Apropos Gaslighting: Die noch amtierende deutsche Bundesregierung** [meldete](https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/service/newsletter-und-abos/bundesregierung-aktuell/ausgabe-08-2025-februar-28-2336254?view=renderNewsletterHtml) heute, es gelte, «weiter \[sic!] gemeinsam daran zu arbeiten, einen gerechten und dauerhaften Frieden für die Ukraine zu erreichen». Die Ukraine, wo sich am Montag «der völkerrechtswidrige Angriffskrieg zum dritten Mal jährte», [verteidige](https://transition-news.org/wikileaks-der-westen-wusste-dass-ein-nato-beitritt-der-ukraine-riskant-war) ihr Land und «unsere gemeinsamen Werte». **Merken Sie etwas? Das Demokratieverständnis mag ja tatsächlich** inzwischen in beiden Ländern ähnlich traurig sein. Bezüglich Friedensbemühungen ist meine Wahrnehmung jedoch eine andere. Das muss an meinem Gedächtnis liegen. *** Dieser Beitrag ist zuerst auf ***[Transition News](https://transition-news.org/bitte-nicht-von-gaslichtern-irritieren-lassen)*** erschienen.

@ 04c195f1:3329a1da

***Yesterday's chaotic Oval Office meeting between Trump, Vance, and Zelensky exposes a harsh truth: Europe can no longer depend on American protection. The time has come for Europe to reclaim its sovereignty and rebuild as an independent power.*** ## A Diplomatic Theater With No Happy Ending Yesterday's chaotic scenes in the Oval Office revealed more than just diplomatic tension—they exposed the fundamental weakness of Europe's strategic position. As President Trump, Vice President Vance, and President Zelensky engaged in their uncomfortable public spectacle, one truth became painfully clear: Europe can no longer rely on American protection. The awkward press conference featured about 40 minutes of relative calm before descending into 10 minutes of complete chaos. This final meltdown was likely never intended to produce meaningful results. Each participant appeared to be performing for different audiences—Trump and Vance signaling to their base, Zelensky demonstrating resolve to European allies. Without concrete security guarantees, any agreement would be meaningless for Ukraine, a reality all parties surely understood beforehand. When Vance spoke of diplomacy as a "new strategy"—ignoring numerous failed diplomatic initiatives—he crossed a line that provoked Zelensky's visible frustration. The subsequent breakdown wasn't merely a failure of diplomatic protocol but the public collapse of a relationship Europe has staked its security upon. ## The Price of Misguided Priorities This moment of crisis presents an opportunity if European nations are willing to confront uncomfortable realities. The time has come for Europe to emerge as a third global power, independent from both Eastern and Western influence. However, the path forward requires acknowledging our current weaknesses. European leadership has squandered decades pursuing ideological luxuries while our industrial and military capabilities have atrophied. While obsessing over multicultural social engineering, progressive identity politics, and globalist agendas, we've neglected the fundamental responsibilities of sovereign nations: securing borders, building defensive capabilities, and fostering national cohesion. The defense of European nations begins with domestic policy. A society divided against itself cannot stand firm in the face of external threats. This principle applies whether discussing Sweden's defense posture or the broader European security architecture. Photo by [Christian Lue](https://english.daneriksson.com/p/true) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/) ## Reclaiming National Identity and Purpose To rebuild our defensive capabilities, we must first address the internal fragmentation deliberately cultivated across the political spectrum. The active policies of societal division pursued with increasing fervor since the latter half of the 20th century have undermined the very foundations of national identity and common purpose. Strengthening national defense requires citizens who understand their shared heritage and believe their nation is worth defending. In practical terms, this means confronting difficult questions about immigration, assimilation, and the presence of potential fifth-column elements within our societies. Nations with higher social cohesion demonstrate greater willingness to defend their collective interests. The current crisis in Ukraine and the uncertain American commitment should serve as a wake-up call. European nations must rapidly rebuild industrial capacity, military strength, and most importantly, a sense of shared purpose. This demands breaking free from the ideological constraints that have guided European politics for generations. Although European establishment politicians show little appetite for such fundamental reassessment, events are accelerating rapidly. The dramatic scenes in Washington should catalyze serious reflection across European capitals. We cannot hold our breath waiting for political leadership to regain sense—we must push the conversation forward ourselves. Europe stands at a crossroads. We can continue our dangerous dependence on unreliable partners, or we can reclaim our sovereignty and rebuild our strength. The choice should be obvious, but making it requires courage our leaders have thus far failed to demonstrate. ■

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

**Author**: Zhengyu Qian, Eric Zhang **Original Link**: https://research.dorahacks.io/2025/02/22/maci-mailbox/ We are not reinventing email. Even a glance at the TOC of [IETF RFC 5322](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5322) reveals: email is long-standing and well-established, but far from simple. This is just one piece of the puzzle in today’s email system. What we would like to do first is to review the essence of message delivery. ## Proto-mail A typical process of message delivery can be broken down into three critical components: 1. Individuals intending to exchange messages—referred to as the **users**. 2. An intermediary, or **agent**, that facilitates the delivery. 3. The **message** itself.  Message delivery takes place when the sender hands over the message (e.g., a written note) to an agent—a person (a messenger), a device (a beacon), or an institution (a post office). The agent then dispatches the message to the recipient. Though direct communication, such as face-to-face conversation, falls outside the scope of this context. ## The Protocol of MACI Mailbox The MACI Mailbox is an encryption-based mailing protocol that builds directly on the three components above, with modifications and extensions.  1. The **user** consists of two parts: - An **account**, typically with a publicly visible **mailing address**. - A **keypair**(a private key and its corresponding public key), which works its magic in encrypted communication. 2. The **agent** has a similar structure: - An **account**. - A **keypair**. 3. The message is simple, consisting of two fields: - **Subject**. - **Body**. The following outlines the flow of message delivery in the MACI Mailbox protocol. The process of sending a message is addressed first.  1. The sender writes a **message**. 2. The **agent** encrypts the message **using its public key**, posts and stores it in a shared public database (e.g. a blockchain, Nostr), and assigns it a queryable **ID**. 3. The sender wraps the **ID** of encrypted message together with the **agent’s private key**, encrypts them using the **recipient’s public key**, and broadcasts the resulting encrypted data to a public space. Yes, **broadcasts it publicly**—feeling like encrypted radio communication yet? In this process, asymmetric encryption is introduced twice, achieving something valuable: the decoupling of message storage from broadcast. This has at least two key implications: 1. It’s highly flexible to choose the infrastructures for encrypted message **posting and storage** as well as **broadcasting** facilities—both of which are **modular, replaceable, and trustless**. 2. Storage and broadcast infrastructures can be separately tailored to meet specific requirements. Typically: - Message storage is expected to be inexpensive, reliable, and scalable. - Broadcast infrastructure can be customized to fit the varying user ecosystems or needs.  Receiving a message is basically the reverse process: 1. The recipient indexes their mail in the broadcast space, decrypts it with **their own private key** (guaranteed by the principles of asymmetric encryption), and retrieves both the **ID of encrypted message** (storage address) and **the agent’s private key** (which, as you may recall, was bundled with the message ID before broadcast). 2. With the message ID, the recipient fetches the encrypted message from storage and decrypts it using the agent’s private key to obtain the plaintext message. 3. Tada. It can be observed that the agent’s role described above is highly procedural, lending itself to a modular and replaceable design. This enables significant flexibility in the implementation of MACI Mailbox services and applications. ## Vota-Nostr Mailbox: basic architecture The Vota-Nostr Mailbox is the first implementation of the Protocol by Dora Factory, consisting of several core modules: - **A smart contract** deployed on [Dora Vota](https://research.dorahacks.io/2023/07/31/vota/) appchain to handle the broadcasting of messages. - [Nostr relays](https://nostr.com/relays), used for publishing and storing encrypted messages. - **An indexer service** to assist users in locating relevant messages, such as those sent to or from themselves. - **A web app** as the interface for interacting with the Vota-Nostr Mailbox.   First, user accounts are implemented as on-chain accounts of Dora Vota (represented as a wallet address) paired with a public/private [ECC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic-curve_cryptography) keypair. Message content is kept simple as plain-text strings, with the flexibility to upgrade it later (Everybody Loves Rich Text). Next, let’s push the boundaries for the agent. Ideally, users shouldn’t have to learn how to interact with it actively—think about fully automated agents. Or picture a stylish scene from *[The Day of the Jackal](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt24053860/)*: [Eddie Redmayne](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1519666/) casually discarding a phone after each call. Thus, a disposable, one-time auto agent is designed for each mail flow. This agent consists of a randomly generated ECC keypair and a temporarily created Nostr account (essentially another keypair: [npub/nsec](https://nostr.com/get-started#understanding-keys)). ## Vota-Nostr Mailbox: communication workflow In [Vota-Nostr implementation](https://vota.dorafactory.org/mailbox) of MACI Mailbox Protocol, the communication flow is as follows. Both the encryption/decryption of message content and the broadcast rely on elliptic-curve cryptography.   To enhance user experience, a “Sent Messages” feature has been implemented, allowing senders to index, decrypt, and review their sent messages. In general, with asymmetric encryption, only the recipient’s private key can decrypt the encrypted content. Technically, there are cryptographic methods to enable mutual decryption by both sender and recipient. For simplicity at this stage, this issue is addressed by creating **a duplicate of each broadcast data** (on Dora Vota appchain). This duplicate is encrypted using the sender’s own public key, allowing the sender to decrypt it with their private key. Since the Protocol decouples the storage of encrypted message from the broadcast data, this duplication doesn’t significantly increase the payload on the broadcast infrastructure. Only the **message ID** and the **agent’s private key** need to be processed as duplicates, both of which are compact and independent of the actual message size (the length of your address line and the size of your front door key don’t depend on the dimensions of your house). Below outlines the entire communication process: 1. The sender encrypts their message using the **agent’s one-time public key** and publishes it to Nostr relay(s) via the **agent’s one-time Nostr account**, obtaining the encrypted message’s ID (i.e., **Nostr event ID**). 2. The sender wraps the encrypted message ID along with the **agent’s one-time private key**, encrypts them using the **recipient’s public key**, and broadcasts the resulting encrypted data to the appchain via **their own Dora Vota account**. This process leverages wallet apps/extensions for transaction submission and the smart contract for processing, closely resembling how users typically interact with blockchains and dapps. 3. Once the on-chain transaction is processed, the encrypted data is broadcast on Dora Vota. Both the sender and the recipient can retrieve the data at any time via the **Mailbox Indexer**. 4. The recipient decrypts the broadcast encrypted data using **their own private key**, finding the **Nostr event ID** and the corresponding decryption key (**one-time agent private key**). They then fetch the encrypted message from Nostr relay(s) by the ID and decrypt it with the one-time private key. 5. The sender can follow a nearly identical process to fetch and decrypt their own duplicate, enabling them to review sent messages. ## **Acknowledgements** The MACI Mailbox protocol was conceived during a Dora Factory developer meeting in Kyoto, March 2024. Eric Zhang supported its implementation in October as a tool to facilitate communications and campaigns in MACI decentralized governance. Shrey Khater and Divyansh Joshi contributed to an MVP of the Vota-Nostr implementation. The protocol was officially integrated with Dora Vota appchain as well as its frontend with efforts from Zhengyu Qian, Dennis Tang, and Vegebun.

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/900550

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Embracing The Principle of Asymmetric Bets Embracing the principle of asymmetric bets, as practiced by visionaries like Jeff Bezos and Peter Thiel, involves seeking opportunities where the potential gains far outweigh the possible losses. This strategy enables bold decision-making while minimizing exposure to significant failures. --- ## Understanding Asymmetric Bets - **Definition:** An asymmetric bet is a strategic decision where the potential upside is substantially greater than the downside risk. This approach allows individuals and organizations to pursue high-reward opportunities without jeopardizing overall stability. --- ## Examples in Practice - **Jeff Bezos and Amazon Web Services (AWS):** Bezos invested in AWS when cloud computing was still emerging. The potential upside—a trillion-dollar business—vastly outweighed the moderate research and development costs, exemplifying an asymmetric bet. - **Peter Thiel's Investment in Facebook:** Thiel's early $500,000 investment in Facebook transformed into a multi-billion-dollar return, showcasing the immense potential of asymmetric bets in venture capital. --- ## Implementing Asymmetric Bets 1. **Identify Opportunities with High Upside and Low Downside:** Seek situations where the potential benefits are disproportionately higher than the risks involved. 2. **Evaluate the Risk-to-Reward Ratio:** Assess scenarios where even a small probability of success can lead to substantial rewards, justifying the risk taken. 3. **Diversify Bets:** Spread resources across multiple asymmetric opportunities to increase the likelihood of significant returns while mitigating individual risks. --- ## Action Step Identify a decision or project where the potential upside is considerable and the downside is limited. Take action on this opportunity today, leveraging the principle of asymmetric bets to maximize success while minimizing risk. --- By adopting this mindset, you position yourself to capitalize on transformative opportunities that can lead to substantial growth and innovation. ---

@ b4403b24:83542d4e

https://x.com/JacquiHeinrich/status/1895547519117246611 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/900278

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Morbi eget mi euismod, porta enim at, congue erat. **Vivamus in ante leo. Vestibulum feugiat**, mauris a faucibus ultrices, enim massa bibendum magna, eu consequat leo mi eu velit. Mauris et magna rhoncus, ornare justo a, dictum sapien. Maecenas mattis rhoncus lacus ac lacinia*. Donec pulvinar finibus rutrum. Cras quis sapien lectus.* Ut odio est, condimentum vel consectetur at, elementum et neque. Donec dignissim metus eu nisi vestibulum vehicula. Maecenas vel dictum leo. Ut nisi lorem, tempor nec enim a, porta elementum augue. Vestibulum dictum ex at magna viverra, a tincidunt sem tempor. Fusce sit amet bibendum dui. Pellentesque congue tempus purus eu faucibus. Suspendisse non ex nunc. Quisque posuere euismod dui eget euismod. Praesent convallis turpis ac tellus gravida suscipit. Sed nulla lorem, auctor at ornare vel, tristique sit amet metus. Nullam id tristique arcu. Morbi sit amet velit nisi. Quisque quis est ut ex tempus lobortis in ut turpis. Sed eu diam ut leo suscipit dapibus nec at nisi. Etiam vel vulputate turpis. Suspendisse non ligula finibus, vestibulum magna ac, semper sapien. Integer dignissim dolor eros. Morbi nisl arcu, tincidunt non libero luctus, sagittis tempor urna. Duis sagittis nisi sed sagittis iaculis. Donec neque mi, fermentum nec suscipit ac, scelerisque vitae augue. Pellentesque id felis pharetra urna ornare congue ac quis augue. In posuere vulputate libero at pulvinar. Integer tincidunt justo nec cursus varius. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Donec fringilla tellus nibh, at feugiat risus vulputate in. Nulla commodo sem porttitor erat sodales, eu tincidunt nibh vulputate. Sed non massa volutpat nibh venenatis laoreet. Etiam arcu lectus, placerat sed porta et, aliquet sagittis elit. Integer pharetra nunc eget lacus vehicula bibendum. Fusce non libero interdum, vulputate mi a, ornare justo. Sed fermentum sapien lacus, et iaculis est pharetra a. Cras elementum magna velit, et tempor nibh egestas sed. Cras sollicitudin maximus ligula sit amet interdum. Aenean ullamcorper congue tincidunt. Aliquam condimentum, nisl quis ullamcorper facilisis, urna est ultricies lorem, quis dapibus velit quam eu ante. Integer vulputate feugiat molestie. Donec vestibulum eros eu velit gravida accumsan. Phasellus elementum arcu non ultricies rutrum. Morbi ac rhoncus ante. Maecenas scelerisque scelerisque nibh, ac lobortis tellus aliquam quis. Proin mi tellus, fringilla et hendrerit id, tincidunt nec turpis. Aenean ultrices magna iaculis felis tincidunt, eu molestie lorem cursus. Sed est eros, ultricies ut ornare non, suscipit vitae dui. Nunc nec rhoncus est. Aliquam at laoreet sapien, in ornare turpis. Morbi in quam at mi elementum vulputate. Donec sed sagittis purus. Morbi rutrum non mi vitae hendrerit. Nulla auctor ante lorem, eget scelerisque nunc hendrerit ornare.

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

@ b581c912:7df8270f

Fui abordado por um colega e ele me falou de forma bastante enérgica sobre o projeto Pi Network, após uma breve conversa resolvi dar crédito e estudar sobre a solução proposta. Tentei ser imparcial e fui direto no site “oficial” (🤔) onde encontrei dois Whitepapers (referência 1), um de 2019 e outro de 2021. Decidi então fazer a leitura pela documentação oficial, tentar não me influenciar mais do que já sou influenciado (como um Bitcoiner Maximlista que acho que sou). Infelizmente não tive condições de terminar os dois documentos, no capítulo “Pi – Token Supply” de 2019 já deixa claro de forma matemática que Pi Network é uma pirâmide, e como até aquele momento não consegui resposta se o processo de recompensa da rede tinha sido atualizada, eu decidi não gastar mais meu tempo de vida estudando sobre o protocolo.\ \ Deixo aqui as anotações que fiz até onde tive condições de ler. Por favor, sinta-se à vontade para contra-argumentar caso você tenha entendido o protocolo de forma diferente, ou assim como Satoshi “If you don't believe me or don't get it, I don't have time to try to convince you, sorry.”. De forma bastante resumida, esta é minha conclusão: Pi Network é uma pirâmide declarada na sua própria documentação oficial. Infelizmente, mais uma shitcoin. Vende a ideia de descentralização e justiça, mas não tem nada descentralizado e muito menos justa, usando da falácia argumentativa e frases de efeito tenta vender sua pirâmide financeira. (OBS: os primeiros capítulos do Whitepaper de 2019 são concentrados em atacar o Bitcoin e seu ambiente, mas sem a coragem de pelo menos descrever corretamente como o ambiente funciona. Soltando verdades pela metade leva o leitor a achar que o ambiente do Bitcoin é malicioso e precisa de ‘melhorias’) 1. Introduction: Why cryptocurrencies matter - Traz alguns argumentos para validar a existência do Pi Network, cita falhas do sistema fia, mas não citou o maior problema: Inflação e/ou impressão de dinheiro; 2. Securing Distributed Ledgers (Mining) - “*This process (Bitcoin mining) is very secure, but it demands enormous computing power and energy consumption as users essentially “burn money” to solve the computational puzzle that earns them more Bitcoin. The burn-to-reward ratio is so punitive that it is always in Validators’ self-interest to post honest transactions to the Bitcoin record.*” - Aqui é descrito como se a base da “Prova de Trabalho” fosse punitiva “burn-to-reward”, quando na verdade  é completamente o contrário: meritocracia total. Trabalhe de forma justa, com dados reais, não tente burlar o sistema e você será recompensado, não importa quem você é ou de onde você vem. Seja justo, trabalhe e seja recompensado. 3. Problem: Centralization of power and money put 1st Generation Cryptocurrencies out of reach - O capítulo inteiro é focado em criticar o PoW, sendo que PoW + ”algoritmo de consenso” é a base da solução do problema do “General Bizantino” em um sistema descentralizado. Usando argumentos de ‘excesso de consumo de energia’ e outros para causar desprezo à tecnologia. - O Bitcoin é o mercado mundial que mais usa energia renovável. Em 2022 tinha um total de 56% de toda a rede de mineração rodando sobre energias renováveis (2). No Brasil temos algumas empresas que atuam em reutilização de energia renovável para mineração de Bitcoin (3). 4. A Simplified Introduction To Consensus Algorithms - A explicação desse capítulo ficou MUITO vago, deixando a entender que o que o minerador coloca no bloco é válido como dado real. Quando na realidade isso não é verdade: o minerador (Mining Node) realmente precisa fazer cálculos computacionais e quem achar o bloco ganha o direito de enviar essa informação para os Nós (“validation” nodes, se é que eu posso chamá-los assim), então os Nós é que vão decidir de forma descentralizada se aquele bloco é válido ou não, caso não seja, recusando o bloco e aceitando o próximo bloco válido. 5. A Simplified Introduction To Stellar Consensus Protocol - Este capítulo já começa reforçando a falácia anterior “Pi uses the other type of consensus algorithms”, tentando reforçar que o mecanismo de consenso do Bitcoin é inseguro ou custoso, sendo que no capítulo anterior eles misturaram a prova de trabalho (mineração) com a validação dos blocos, que é realmente o “consensus algorithms”, ou seja, o argumento utilizado aqui é nulo, não fazendo sentido além do de tentar levar o leitor a menosprezar a solução do Bitcoin. - “*One major criticism of BFT (Byzantine Fault Tolerance) is that it has a centralization point: because voting is involved, the set of nodes participating in the voting “quorum” are centrally determined by the creator of the system in its beginning.*” 1. Não sei qual BFT exatamente eles estão criticando aqui, mas certamente não é o Bitcoin. Os Nós (“validation” nodes) não são centralmente especificados, qualquer um pode entrar como um nós validador e fazer parte da validação dos blocos, rejeitando aqueles que considera não verdadeiros por N motivos. O sistema de consenso do Bitcoin é feito por %, se 51% dos nós validadores aceitam o bloco (minerado pelo nó minerador) aquele bloco é então visto como válido. Se 51% rejeitam, aquele bloco é rejeitado por toda a rede. 6. Pi’s Adaptations to Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) - “*For example, once a week, the stellar network is using it to compute inflation on the stellar network and allocate the newly minted tokens proportionally to all stellar coin holders (Stellar’s coin is called lumens). In a similar manner, the Pi network employs SCP once a day to compute the network-wide new Pi distribution across all Pi miners (pioneers, contributors, ambassadors, nodes) who actively participated in any given day. In other words, Pi mining rewards are computed only once daily and not on every block of the blockchain.*”  1. Aqui está deixando claro a centralização da recompensa? Não ficou muito claro, mas me parece que a recompensa é mantida em um wallet temporária (controlada por quem? pelo ambiente? Isso quer dizer que a equipe de desenvolvimento controla a wallet?) e distribuída no fim do dia. Qual o nível de transparência desse processo? É possível analisar tudo capital armazenado, de onde veio, para onde está indo, quanto foi para cada ‘mão’?. - “*Mining pools are not only points of centralization, but also their operators get cuts reducing the amount going to individual miners.  In Pi, there is no need for mining pools, since once a day everyone who contributed get a meritocratic distribution of new Pi.*”  1. Aqui reforça a solução centralizada que eles mesmo acabaram de criticar. Se meus fundos vão ficar na mão da “Pi Network” que seja 1 dia apenas, então eles estão centralizando os incentivos. 7. Pi Economic Model: Balancing Scarcity and Access - Inverted Means Uneven 1. Bem vindo à meritocracia, bem vindo à prova de trabalho, bem vindo à vida real. Quem viu a qualidade e futuro na solução XYZ e gastou seu próprio tempo entendendo, aprendendo e se especializando, consequentemente ganha mais. Isso não quer dizer que quem está entrando agora não ganhe ou esteja “burning more energy for less bitcoin”, eles entram agora sabendo que a recompensa é menor e que o trabalho está mais difícil, mas mesmo assim acreditam no potencial da solução. - Hoarding Inhibits Use As A Medium Of Exchange 1. É necessário entender a história do dinheiro. Qualquer dinheiro precisa primeiro passar pelo processo de “reserva de valor” <https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/1\*7-2w9CZn8yVeO31SmBQqow.png>  2. Abstrairei aqui as camadas 2: Lightning, LIquid, Ark e etc, que já são usadas há alguns anos justamente para resolver o problema de “apenas reserva de valor e não moeda de troca” 8. The Pi Economic Model - Aqui temos um grande problema: levando em consideração que os fundos diários serão centralizados em uma ‘carteira temporária’ (isso foi especificado no capítulo “Transaction fees”, sem especificar quem ou o que controla essa carteira) , e unindo isso com a ‘distribuição justa’ e o fato de que eles querem ‘garantir que grandes quantidade de Pi não sejam concentradas em poucas mãos’, me vem a pergunta: quem decide o que é justo? Quem decide a distribuição justa? Quem decide o quanto é “grande quantidade”? 9. Pi – Token Supply - M=∫ f(P), uma função logarítmica decrescente, onde P é a quantidade de participantes. Resumidamente: M paga menos a cada novo integrante na rede - R=(r\*M), onde a distribuição por novo membro acontece com 25% para o indicado (novo membro) 25% para o indicador (o membro que indicou) e 50% distribuído para o resto da rede - D=t\*(M+R), remuneração dos desenvolvedores. Fixando t=25% de cada Pi token gerado - Acredito que a fórmula final pode ser traduzida como: (∫f(P)dx)⋅(1+r)⋅(1+t) - Tendo em vista esta tradução dissertativa do cálculo de “Token Supply”, é possível considerar que Pi Network é uma pirâmide: a recompensa é distribuída entre ‘indicado’ (novo membro), ‘indicador’ (quem indicou), equipe de manutenção da rede e por fim, o resto da rede. Essa recompensa diminui a cada novo membro na rede, forçando todos a continuar introduzindo mais membros (obviamente novos membros são incentivados com mais afinco para essa atividade, ou seja, se não indicarem mais membros, não ganham mais incentivos) - Apesar de existir recompensa através de taxas de transação, essa recompensa traz um grande problema que já foi citado anteriormente: centralização. 10. Outras críticas gratuitas sem nexo(?) - Em vários pontos eles só soltam informações soltas sem contexto tentando direcionar o leitor a uma avaliação falaciosa do ambiente do Bitcoin: - *“While Bitcoin’s process for updating its record is proven (burning energy / money to prove trustworthiness), it is not very user (or planet!) friendly.”* 1. *Utilizando frases de efeito de um problema inexistente para validar a necessidade da solução proposta. Já é comprovado que o Bitcoin não consome energia em excesso, não é um perigo para o meio ambiente, muito pelo contrário.* - “*Moreover, due to Bitcoin’s lack in the safety guarantee, Bitcoin’s blockchain in rare occasions can be overwritten within the first hour. This means that a user of Bitcoin must wait about 1 hour before they can be sure that a transaction is considered final.*” 1. “lack of safety guarantee” leva o leitor a achar que existe um problema de segurança 2. “in rare occasions can be overwritten” se qualquer bloco do Bitcoin for reescrito, então a rede foi hackeada, fim! Não existe forma de reescrever um bloco sem ultrapassar 51% da PoW atual. 11. Stella Core (Stellar Consensus Protocol SCP) - A equipe/gestora inicial são sabiamente conhecidos, vou abstrair toda e qualquer argumentação lógica do pq isso é terrível para o sistema. - Eles fazem questão de deixar tds os responsáveis pelo protocolo conhecidos <https://stellar.org/foundation/team>  - O David Mazières, autor principal do SCP, parece o Vitalik Buterin, criador da shitcoin Ethereum. Isso não deve ser levado como argumento válido! - <https://github.com/stellar/stellar-core/tree/master> - Sim, o protocolo é Open Source, já possui 81 contribuições de pessoas conhecidas e anônimas. Mas o fato de os principais gestores e mantenedores do projeto serem conhecidos cria um grande problema de segurança no protocolo. Em caso de um projeto deste vir a realmente ser útil e financeiramente rentável, basta impor sanções governamentais, processos ‘legais’, prisão ou sequestrar familiares e assim obrigar o protocolo mudar de objetivo/função/código. - Pré-mining(?): vários artigos citam ‘pioneiros’ migrando Pi Coin para a main net, ou seja, induz a ideia de pré-mining? 1. <https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/pi-network-coins-62-crash-explainedwhy-it-declined-and-what-it-means-for-crypto-enthusiasts/articleshow/118442880.cms?from=mdr> 2. <https://cointelegraph.com/explained/pi-network-mainnet-launch-what-it-means-for-pioneers> 3. <https://explorepi.info/en/statistic> 4. Mas baseado no capítulo do Whitepaper, o capítulo “Pi – Token Supply“ especifica que o grupo de desenvolvedores (que mantém o protocolo) receberá 25% de todos os tokens, sabendo que o número de participantes é fixado em 100 milhões, podemos deduzir que 25% dos tokens foram pré-minerados para o grupo de desenvolvedores. - Transparência e KYC 1. Apesar da teórica descentralização da mineração, os nós precisam de KYC, possivelmente armazenado em um servidor central do SCP, apesar de não estar claro como o processo deles funciona, qualquer tipo de centralização e obtenção de dados pessoais levanta extrema cautela. - <https://www.binance.com/en/square/post/20211503293737>  - <https://www.reddit.com/r/PiNetwork/comments/1isjnve/issue_with_kyc_on_pi_network_after_reinstalling/> - <https://coindcx.com/blog/crypto-news-global/pi-network-kyc-deadline-and-mainnet-launch/>  - Possui equipe formalmente organizada 1. Equipe de marketing 2. Fundação bem organizada 3. Hierárquica interna \ O artigo se chama "(quase) Análise" justamente por que não tive condições de terminar os dois documentos. \[1\] <https://minepi.com/white-paper/#original-whitepaper>  \[2\] <https://www.bitstamp.net/en-gb/learn/crypto-101/bitcoin-energy/#:\~:text=Bitcoin%20and%20clean%20energy,use%20was%20closer%20to%2040%25>.  \[3\] <https://br.cointelegraph.com/news/bitcoin-mining-renewable-energy-transition><https://brasilbitcoin.com.br/blog/a-evolucao-da-mineracao-sustentavel-de-bitcoin/><https://www.infomoney.com.br/onde-investir/mineracao-de-bitcoin-pode-ajudar-a-reduzir-energia-ociosa-no-brasil-diz-estudo/>

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

@ 6f26dd2b:f2824b88

💭 There are some interesting noises about Bitcoin coming from the most unlikely of sources. The Czech central bank says that Bitcoin “should not be lumped together with other crypto assets.” “We central bankers should study it,” says the Bank’s governor. Meanwhile, other central banks are just as keen to distance themselves from Bitcoin. A divide about Bitcoin is opening up in the central banking world!

@ 2e8970de:63345c7a

Atlanta Fed is now projecting Q1 GDP -1.5%. Last week it was +2.3%. 4 weeks ago it was +3.9%  https://x.com/AtlantaFed/status/1895508046215852476 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899962

@ 6fac7d89:9d76f561

With the price of Bitcoin having gone significantly up over the past few months (I wrote this about a month ago to post on Stacker News), I imagine interest in acquiring it has gone up as well. As such, I'm here to share with you every method I use to stack sats so that we can all HODL more. While the majority of my experience in regards to phone apps is on Android, some of the apps mentioned may work on iPhone as well (I just got an iOS based device and intend to discover methods on there as well with time) so links provided will be the Play Store or my referral links. Some of the referral messages have included Apple App Store links by default so I've left them in.     Bitcoin Education:   First and foremost, I think that anyone seeking to acquire BTC should learn about it. From how it works, to how to acquire and then store it. As such, this first category I'm covering is for BTC education resources that also reward you with satoshis for your learning progress.   Yzer: Probably my favorite app in this category as it covers more than the others mentioned in greater depth. While the other apps do cover some aspects of the history of money, economics, and investing/finance, this one really delves into it to offer the most robust education of the bunch. I didn't even know about Austrian economics until going through the lessons provided here, and it boasts the most lessons of this category as well. Each section is divided into chapters containing a few lessons and an end-of-chapter quiz, and you have a chance of earning a few satoshis upon completion of a lesson or quiz. Use my referral code to earn an extra 50 sats upon reaching level 2: KAB4ZKD https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.wizzer.academy&pcampaignid=web_share   Simple Bitcoin: This app can be breezed through in regards to the lessons offered, allowing you to complete the learning aspect of it pretty quickly. Instead of rewarding sats outright for completion of lessons, this app rewards you with tickets you can spend to spin a wheel to earn small amounts of sats. Where this app shines is that while Yzer stops rewards when all lessons are completed, Simple Bitcoin has a news section where articles from outside sources are summarized, and reading them earns you more tickets. There is a limit to how many articles/day you can read unless you pay for premium, however, which also increases the reward amounts feature on the prize wheel. https://simplebitcoin.page.link/ozJaD6uCaUyscYWy6   Jippi: The newest of the bunch in this category, Jippi is still in its earlier stages of development and thus is the least robust. This one works a little differently as, for the time being, you need to complete all available lessons to earn a lump sum reward of 200 sats. Unlike the other educational apps, this one offers audio lessons to listen to for completion alongside the usual texts to read. While still in development, they plan to release a feature called "Tribe Clash" which they describe as "Pokemon Go for Bitcoin". https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.jippiApp.jippi.prod&pcampaignid=web_share     Buying Bitcoin: So now you know about Bitcoin, but how can you buy some? While there are many crypto exchanges that offer BTC, this bitcoin-only service offers a more robust experience in regards to BTC and the purchase of it.   Swan: While Swan allows you to buy BTC outright or via recurring buy (DCA), it has some additional interesting features and offerings as well. Their learn section allows you to further educate yourself on various aspects of bitcoin and perspectives on it, and they even offer a Bitcoin IRA (either Traditional or Roth) for those interested in such a service. The caveat to the IRA is that you'll be entrusting them with your BTC instead of having full custody and responsibility of it yourself. Use my referral link and get $10 of BTC: https://www.swanbitcoin.com/MF_MOON     Cash-Back: The next category I'll be covering is cash-back options, be they via spending with a certain card or using apps/extensions to earn sats on your purchases. Because if you're going to spend money anyways, why not try to get some of that money back in sats for your stack?   Satsback: This browser extension works pretty similar to other cash-back extensions if you've ever tried them: if you're on a site which the extension offers cash-back on, a pop-up to activate it will appear. Make sure to have adblockers and (possibly) your VPN disabled before activating to ensure you get your reward (I suggest you do this for any similar extensions mentioned below as well). https://satsback.com/register/k524KP0olqLX19Ov   Fold Debit Card: Fold has several options that allow you to earn sats, one of which is the option to buy gift cards to popular retailers like Amazon, Google Play, Home Depot, Bass Pro Shop, AirBnB and more and earn sats back on the purchase. You can earn even more sats back by paying for these gift cards with their debit card, which needs to be pre-loaded to use, but using another card will still earn you sats, albeit at a lower rate. If you do have their debit card and opt for their premium service, Fold+, you can also earn 1.5% back on all purchases made with said card. Fold+ even offers you cash back on paying bills with the account and routing numbers they provide, though you need to hit certain spending thresholds in the prior month to be eligible for this feature. The app also offers a daily spin to earn small amounts of sats, with higher amounts including a whole Bitcoin locked behind the premium membership. Depending on your average spending and bills, this could be worth it though. https://use.foldapp.com/r/3RHW4FUJ   CoinMiles: CoinMiles is like SatsBack in the sense that it lets you earn cash-back in bitcoin via online retailers within their app (similar to Lolli below) with the added feature of cash-back in sats on the purchase of gift cards as well, similar to Fold. Using my referral code will earn us both 5000 sats. https://coinmiles.onelink.me/90Pp/96f2tati   Gemini Credit Card: Crypto exchange Gemini offers a credit card that offers some pretty nice rewards for using it, which has become my go-to method of spending at this point. Allowing you to choose from every crypto asset they offer for your cash-back rewards, you can earn in more than just Bitcoin with this card. The rewards rates are as follows: 4% back on gas at the pump and EV charging, 3% back on dining, 2% back on groceries, and 1% back on everything else. They also have "Merchant Reward Offers" in which they offer a higher rate in cash back on top of the default rate for the category the merchant falls under, I've gotten a total of 8% back at a local brewery using this as it automatically applies if you use the card at said locations. Rewards are issued and credited to your Gemini accounts instantly upon making said purchase. The one issue I take with the exchange is that without lightning integration, BTC withdrawal fees can get steep. As a result, I opt to earn in another asset with lower withdrawal fees and swap said asset for BTC via an external swapping service. If you choose to purchase assets directly via the exchange as well, using my referral link can earn you referral rewards that scale with how much crypto you purchase with them: https://www.gemini.com/share/wwm6w8a3e   Lolli: Boasting both an app and a browser extension, Lolli offers not only cash-back similar to SatsBack, but also card boosts, which reward you for paying with a linked credit or debit card in stores they offer. Simply activate the boost before paying with your linked card to earn cash-back in sats, or when shopping online, activate cash back via a pop-up from the browser extension or clicking the retailer within the app to be directed to their site. Similar to Fold, the app features a daily way to earn small amounts of sats. https://lolli.com/share/T2r2NYSr7A   Bitcoin Company Rewards: Another app that allows you to buy gift cards and earn sats back on the purchase, this one has the standout option of offering Visa gift cards within the US to earn a small amount of sats back on, among many other card offerings. Use my referral code to earn 1000 sats to start. Referral Code: O30WN3 https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tbtc_app&pcampaignid=web_share     Social Media: These next two are, in my opinion, the future of social media, and you can earn on them too!   Stacker News: Reddit meets Hacker News on this site, which encourages quality content through the implementation of the lightning network and satoshis. You don't have to be signed up to browse and read content on here, but you should be, and you should use my referral link to do so! https://stacker.news/r/MF_MOON   Nostr: This one can be a little tougher to describe, but I'll do my best. Nostr is a social media platform that operates on an open-source protocol that supports of variety of applications or "clients" utilizing a unique public and private key pair. Connections can be maintained across clients, which are often made to emulate the more well-known social media services out there. It can be daunting to get into at first, and requires some involvement as there are no built-in algorithms (though devs are starting to provide ways to implement some for discoverability) but it boasts a great community. Users can "zap" each other sats for content they like, and it's integrated with a number of other services at this point including Fountain and Wavlake (see below). Feel free to follow me on there: https://njump.me/nprofile1qqsglhkx0ey8pdac9ne4w9m4tzglpv2tkl8tvuyc9dzgyrgj07lk42ccwtvy9     Music & Podcasts: Want to earn sats for offering up your ears while doing other things? With these apps, you can enjoy your favorite podcasts and discover new music to earn sats as you listen.   Wavlake: While this app allows you to listen to promoted songs to earn a few sats each day, it also offers you the ability to earn sats on your own music and podcasts that you upload to the service. If people listen to your content via the service and like it, they can send you sats, along with feedback and other comments. There is a flat fee of 10% of all earnings for creators, but it's another way to get your content some exposure and possible earn some sats along the way! https://wavlake.com/     Cloud Mining: The next section I'll be covering is a bit of a dicey topic as some consider it to be scam. While I agree that paying for cloud mining is absolutely a scam, the services I'll be mentioning here offer free options that offer low earnings but only require a daily check in that I do all at once. While I can't tell you how to spend your money, I HIGHLY suggest you avoid spending any money on higher mining rates and spend that money on BTC directly instead.   Bitcoin Mining (Crypto Miner): This one offers you 2 free "mining contracts": 1 that you can claim every 8 hours, and another that serves as a daily check-in reward for checking in consistently, as rewards increase the longer your check-in streak is. Claiming contracts involves simply tapping the corresponding claim button, so I usually claim the 8 hour contract 2 times a day and the daily one when I go to make the 2nd 8 hour claim. Your free earning rate can be increased by watching ads for a temporary boost if you so desire as well. You can get an extra 10% in earnings using my referral link. https://cloudminecrypto.com/?invite_code=R0yMgkOEmEajYvD6 or download the app and add my invite code R0yMgkOEmEajYvD6 directly.   Bitcoin Mining: This one is pretty similar to the previous one, but the free 8 hour mining option can only be activated once per day even if it's finished, unlike the other one. Similar to the prior app, you can watch ads to boost mining rate if you so desire. A nice feature of this one is that it integrates popular lighting wallets including Speed, ZBD and Muun for more seamless withdrawals. My invitation code:5UHLF Appstore: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id6503180820 Google play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=bitcoin.minning.com   Ember: While this started off as a regular mining app on which you check in once a day, they've changed their model up a bit recently: you now earn "bonus sats" which must be gambled in games, and the sats earned from said games are then withdrawable. Essentially, you have to convert your earnings via a gambling game of some sort to make them eligible for withdrawal, with the risk of losing them along the way. However, this one earns the most in this category by far, especially if you have a network of friends to mine with as this affords you increased earning rates. Referral Code: MNGCC33WRON https://emberfund.onelink.me/ljTI/l4g18zii?mining_referrer_id=MNGCC33WRON   Games: Here we have games that offer BTC as rewards for paying in small amounts. While they won't earn you a ton, they're nice little time-killers to earn you sats on the side.   ZBD: While technically a lightning wallet, the following app are powered by ZBD wallet, so you'll want to install this to claim your earnings from them. ZBD offers a variety of ways to earn should you choose to dabble in them, from completing surveys to watching videos to trying out games that allow you to earn from play time. The options I personally opt for are their daily poll and playing the next game listed below, as it allows you to earn without a "time-gated" mechanic: if you build up your game to a certain point and will allow you to earn more rapidly than any others I've tried. But see what games they offer and if you find them fun, go for it! Referral Code: PEXE52 https://zbd.link/hcHi/invite?af_sub1=PEXE52   Bitcoin Miner: Being an idle game, this one has a slow start but with a little dedication, can become one of the quickest and most consistent earners in this category. The daily withdrawal limit is unfortunately 330 sats, but when you're maxed out in the current state of the game, you can earn this within 3.5 resets, each of which takes me under minutes to max out with the right strategy and which can be done once every 30 minutes. A one-time purchase of $11.99 will remove all ads, which in my opinion is worth it as you can earn $10/mo in BTC with this game. Using my referral code will net you some of the premium in-game currency to get you started off nicely. Referral Code: 8H44HB Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fumbgames.bitcoinminor&pcampaignid=web_share Apple App Store: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bitcoin-miner-idle-tycoon/id1413770650   THNDR Games: THNDR is a developer that offers a few different games you can play to earn tickets in timed drawings to earn sats, and with your tickets across their games pooling up in a single grand total for the prize drawing when the time comes. I personally find their game "Bitcoin Bay" (a bubble popping game) to be the one that strikes the best balance of fun and earning potential, so its the only one I keep on my phone (I don't want to be playing games on my phone much in my day as it is) but it's really a matter of personal preference which game of theirs you want to play. A nice feature here is that they integrate with lightning wallets including ZBD, Speed, and Strike among others. https://bitcoinbay.thndr.games/r/tdhP   Bling: Bling is a developer that makes a number of "match" games a la Candy Crush that allow you to earn in BTC and some of which offer earnings in other crytpo assets as well. I personally play their game "Sweet Bitcoin" as I find it to be the most visually appealing, but they all appear to earn at the same rate in my experience. The on caveat to these games is that it has an "energy" system similar to Candy Crush which allows you to play a limited number of games as a time-gating mechanism until you "recharge" plays. For this reason, if this is your preferred type of game, you may want to download more than one of their offerings to be able to earn more in less time. Their games offer withdrawals that integrate CoinBase, Lightning options ZBD and Strike, and PayPal (but only in USD for this option). https://bln.gg/1NC-CQX-JDK   Earn While You Browse: This last one is an extension on your browser that allows you to earn sats as you browse the web. Slice: This browser extension adds small ads to sies you visit as you browse, paying you for the respective views. They also offer the option to change your new tab page & default browser for additional earnings, as well as a desktop app to display ads in the bottom right of your screen for even more opportunities to earn. The only downside to this is that your VPN must be turned off, and earnings are made in "slices" which must then be converted to sats. https://addslice.com/?crew=FjVuNqgg     And there you have it folks, every single method I use to accumulate sats/BTC all in one quick read for your convenience. Given that I've recently also joined the iOS eco-system, I intend to explore that side of earning apps as well, so let me know if any of you want me to share what I find after I spend some time with it, or if you recommend any apps I should check out. I also have methods of earning other coins in passive or semi-passive ways that I then convert into BTC and am happy to share if interest is expressed, or even ways I earn USD in such ways. Feel free to follow me on Nostr (link mentioned above) and to share the ways you earn sats on the side that I may have missed. Stay humble and keep stacking!

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><video style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" controls> <source src="https://plebdevs-bucket.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/testr.mp4" type="video/mp4"/> </video></div>

@ 54609048:8e22ba03

The recent $1.4 billion Extended Fund Facility (EFF) agreement between the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and El Salvador marks a significant turning point in the nation's economic and monetary policy. The IMF’s $1.4 billion “lifeline” is a sly Trojan horse, gutting El Salvador’s sovereignty and kneecapping its 2021 Bitcoin law— which represented a bold step toward monetary freedom and economic self-determination— all to prop up the same economic mess it pretends to fix. Brilliant, right? **The IMF’s Colonialist Agenda: A Historical Precedent** In 2021, El Salvador made history by adopting Bitcoin as legal tender, positioning itself at the forefront of financial innovation and offering its citizens an alternative to the U.S. dollar. This move was a bold step toward monetary independence and as a pathway toward individual financial sovereignty by reducing remittance costs for Salvadorans and bypassing the predatory international banking system. By making Bitcoin legal tender, El Salvador was taking steps to free itself from financial colonialism. The IMF’s response to El Salvador’s Bitcoin law was predictably hostile from day one. The institution repeatedly warned of the “risks” associated with Bitcoin, framing it as a threat to financial stability rather than a tool for economic empowerment. Hypocrisy drips from every word—the IMF’s own debt traps and inflationary schemes have fueled the chaos it now “rescues” El Salvador from. The Bretton Woods institution has long been the enforcer of the global financial elite, ensuring that nations remain shackled to the U.S. dollar-dominated system. Through predatory loans and stringent conditions, the IMF perpetuates economic subjugation. Now, facing pressure from these same institutions, El Salvador finds itself caught in the classic IMF trap: accepting loans with strings attached that further cement dependency. This aid package isn't a solution to El Salvador's problems; it's leverage to force compliance with the global banking cartel's agenda. Under the IMF agreement, El Salvador has been compelled to amend its Bitcoin law, revoking Bitcoin's status as legal tender and making its acceptance by businesses voluntary. Additionally, tax obligations must now be settled exclusively in U.S. dollars. This gut-wrenching retreat from its bold Bitcoin rebellion represents a diabolical masterpiece of oppression—stripping citizens of financial freedom and forcing them to forever bow before the fiat gods. **Why the IMF Must Destroy Bitcoin’s Medium of Exchange Use Case ** To understand why the IMF is so determined to undermine Bitcoin’s role as a medium of exchange in El Salvador, it’s important to revisit the fundamental nature of money. The widely cited “three functions” of money—medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account—are often misunderstood. These are not rigid definitions, but empirical observations of how money functions in practice. Money is, first and foremost, the generally accepted medium of exchange. The other functions tend to follow, but they are not exclusive to money. For example, gold can serve as a store of value but is no longer a commonly accepted medium of exchange, and other commodities can also act as units of account, but neither is money unless it is widely accepted as a medium of exchange. Bitcoin’s rise as a store of value (akin to “digital gold”) is not as threatening to the fiat system as its potential to function as a widely accepted medium of exchange. A strong store of value can exist within a system that is still dominated by fiat currencies. If Bitcoin were to become a dominant medium of exchange, it would directly challenge the monopoly of central banks and the control that institutions like the IMF exert over global financial systems. That is why the IMF’s primary goal in El Salvador is not necessarily to stop Bitcoin’s adoption altogether but rather to strip Bitcoin of its medium of exchange function, thus effectively relegating Bitcoin to a speculative asset or store of value. Furthermore, this Bitcoin experiment was the first real-world test of Bitcoin as a medium of exchange at the nation-state level. If it had succeeded, other countries—especially those in the Global South struggling with inflation, currency devaluation, and IMF-imposed austerity—might have followed suit. The IMF couldn't afford to let that happen. By neutralizing Bitcoin's role as money, it ensures that alternative financial systems do not gain traction outside the fiat-based global order. In other words, as long as Bitcoin can't be used freely as a medium of exchange, it cannot fulfill its role as money, and the fiat gods' grip on the global monetary system remains unchallenged—at least for now. **The $1.4 Billion Faustian Bargain** El Salvador’s decision to seek IMF funding is a reflection of the immense pressure it faces from global financial markets and institutions. The country’s high debt levels and weak external buffers are, in large part, a consequence of its integration into a global financial system that prioritizes short-term capital flows over long-term economic stability. By accepting the IMF’s terms, El Salvador has effectively traded its sovereignty for temporary financial relief. What is even more surprising is that El Salvador had an alternative to this Faustian bargain: the issuance of Bitcoin bonds. While initially proposed as a way to finance Bitcoin City and geothermal Bitcoin mining infrastructure, the volcano bonds the country could have raised the $1.4 billion needed without sacrificing its monetary sovereignty. This represents a missed opportunity for El Salvador to bolster its financial independence, attract global capital, and solidify its position as a pioneer in the adoption of decentralized money. Instead of falling back into the IMF’s debt trap—complete with austerity measures, restrictions on Bitcoin use, and financial surveillance—El Salvador could have embraced a Bitcoin-native financial strategy that aligned with its long-term vision of economic independence. So why didn't El Salvador go through with the Bitcoin bond issuance? I don't know, but if I were to speculate, I would say the answer likely lies in political and institutional inertia, coupled with external pressures from the IMF and its allied institutions, or worse. If El Salvador had raised capital through Bitcoin bonds, it would have sent shockwaves through the financial world, proving that a nation-state could operate independently of the IMF. **The Long-Term Consequences for El Salvador** While the IMF’s program may provide short-term relief, its long-term consequences are likely to be detrimental to the Salvadoran people. The emphasis on fiscal consolidation and debt reduction will inevitably lead to cuts in public spending, particularly in areas such as social services and infrastructure. These measures will disproportionately affect the most vulnerable segments of society, exacerbating inequality and undermining the country’s social fabric. Moreover, the IMF’s focus on “strengthening governance and transparency” is a thinly veiled attempt to impose external control over El Salvador’s domestic policies. The requirement to enhance Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) frameworks, while ostensibly aimed at combating illicit activities, will likely be used to surveil and restrict the financial activities of ordinary citizens. This represents a gross violation of individual rights and a further erosion of economic freedom. **Conclusion** The IMF's $1.4 billion arrangement with El Salvador represents not economic salvation but a calculated reassertion of control. By forcing El Salvador to retreat from its Bitcoin initiative, the IMF is protecting the very system that has kept developing nations financially subjugated for decades. For Salvadorans, this means their bold experiment in monetary sovereignty has been curtailed, not by market forces or technological limitations, but by the deliberate intervention of the guardians of the old financial order. Those who believe in true financial freedom must recognize this for what it is: not assistance, but suppression; not aid, but control. The battle for monetary sovereignty continues, and despite this setback, Bitcoin's promise of financial liberation remains as vital as ever—not just for El Salvador, but for all those seeking escape from the oppressive machinery of central banking

@ b2d670de:907f9d4a

# onion-service-nostr-relays A list of nostr relays exposed as onion services. ## The list | Relay name | Description | Onion url | Operator | Payment URL | Payment options | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | nostr.oxtr.dev | Same relay as clearnet relay nostr.oxtr.dev | ws://oxtrdevav64z64yb7x6rjg4ntzqjhedm5b5zjqulugknhzr46ny2qbad.onion | [operator](nostr:nprofile1qqst94nsmefmya53crp5qq39kewrtgndqcynhnzp7j8lcu0qjple6jspz3mhxue69uhkummnw3ezummcw3ezuer9wcq3gamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7jxrgyy) | N/A | N/A | | relay.snort.social | Same relay as clearnet relay relay.snort.social | wss://skzzn6cimfdv5e2phjc4yr5v7ikbxtn5f7dkwn5c7v47tduzlbosqmqd.onion | [operator](nostr:nprofile1qqsx8lnrrrw9skpulctgzruxm5y7rzlaw64tcf9qpqww9pt0xvzsfmgpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezuamfdejszxrhwden5te0wfjkccte9eekummjwsh8xmmrd9skct9tyup) | N/A | N/A | | nostr.thesamecat.io | Same relay as clearnet relay nostr.thesamecat.io | ws://2jsnlhfnelig5acq6iacydmzdbdmg7xwunm4xl6qwbvzacw4lwrjmlyd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1wtuh24gpuxjyvnmjwlvxzg8k0elhasagfmmgz0x8vp4ltcy8ples54e7js) | N/A | N/A | | nostr.land | The nostr.land paid relay (same as clearnet) | ws://nostrland2gdw7g3y77ctftovvil76vquipymo7tsctlxpiwknevzfid.onion | [operator](nostr:npub12262qa4uhw7u8gdwlgmntqtv7aye8vdcmvszkqwgs0zchel6mz7s6cgrkj) | [Payment URL](http://nostrland2gdw7g3y77ctftovvil76vquipymo7tsctlxpiwknevzfid.onion) | BTC LN | | bitcoiner.social | No auth required, currently | ws://bitcoinr6de5lkvx4tpwdmzrdfdpla5sya2afwpcabjup2xpi5dulbad.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1an3nz7lczcunpdw6ltjst94hgzcxpppnk7zk3zr2nfcj4yd96kdse6twjd) | N/A | N/A | | relay.westernbtc.com | The westernbtc.com paid relay | ws://westbtcebhgi4ilxxziefho6bqu5lqwa5ncfjefnfebbhx2cwqx5knyd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1pc57ls4rad5kvsp733suhzl2d4u9y7h4upt952a2pucnalc59teq33dmza) | [Payment URL](hjar34h5zwgtvxr345q7rncso3dhdaryuxgri3lu7lbhmnzvin72z5ad.onion) | BTC LN | | freelay.sovbit.host | Free relay for sovbit.host | ws://sovbitm2enxfr5ot6qscwy5ermdffbqscy66wirkbsigvcshumyzbbqd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1gnwpctdec0aa00hfy4lvadftu08ccs9677mr73h9ddv2zvw8fu9smmerrq) | N/A | N/A | | nostr.sovbit.host | Paid relay for sovbit.host | ws://sovbitgz5uqyh7jwcsudq4sspxlj4kbnurvd3xarkkx2use3k6rlibqd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1gnwpctdec0aa00hfy4lvadftu08ccs9677mr73h9ddv2zvw8fu9smmerrq) | N/A | N/A | | nostr.wine | 🍷 [nostr.wine](https://nostr.wine) relay | ws://nostrwinemdptvqukjttinajfeedhf46hfd5bz2aj2q5uwp7zros3nad.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1fyvwkve2gxm3h2d8fvwuvsnkell4jtj4zpae8w4w8zhn2g89t96s0tsfuk) | [Payment URL](http://nostrwinemdptvqukjttinajfeedhf46hfd5bz2aj2q5uwp7zros3nad.onion) | BTC LN, BTC, Credit Card/CashApp (Stripe) | | inbox.nostr.wine | 🍷 [inbox.nostr.wine](https://inbox.nostr.wine) relay | ws://wineinboxkayswlofkugkjwhoyi744qvlzdxlmdvwe7cei2xxy4gc6ad.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1fyvwkve2gxm3h2d8fvwuvsnkell4jtj4zpae8w4w8zhn2g89t96s0tsfuk) | [Payment URL](http://wineinboxkayswlofkugkjwhoyi744qvlzdxlmdvwe7cei2xxy4gc6ad.onion) | BTC LN, BTC | | filter.nostr.wine | 🍷 [filter.nostr.wine](https://filter.nostr.wine) proxy relay | ws://winefiltermhqixxzmnzxhrmaufpnfq3rmjcl6ei45iy4aidrngpsyid.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1fyvwkve2gxm3h2d8fvwuvsnkell4jtj4zpae8w4w8zhn2g89t96s0tsfuk) | [Payment URL](http://nostrwinemdptvqukjttinajfeedhf46hfd5bz2aj2q5uwp7zros3nad.onion/add-time) | BTC LN, BTC | | N/A | N/A | ws://pzfw4uteha62iwkzm3lycabk4pbtcr67cg5ymp5i3xwrpt3t24m6tzad.onion:81 | [operator](nostr:nprofile1q9z8wue69uhky6t5vdhkjmnjxejx2dtvddm8sdr5wpmkgmt6wfjxversd3sn2umevyexzenhwp3kzcn2w4cry7rsdy6kgatvvfskgtn0de5k7m30q9z8wue69uhk77r5wfjx2anpwcmrg73kx3ukydmcxeex5ee5de685ut2dpjkgmf4vg6h56n3w4k82emtde585u35xeh8jvn3vfskgtn0de5k7m30qqs93v545xjl0w8865rhw7kte0mkjxst88rk3k3xj53q4zdxm2zu5ectdn2z6) | N/A | N/A | | nostr.fractalized.net | Free relay for fractalized.net | ws://xvgox2zzo7cfxcjrd2llrkthvjs5t7efoalu34s6lmkqhvzvrms6ipyd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1ky4kxtyg0uxgw8g5p5mmedh8c8s6sqny6zmaaqj44gv4rk0plaus3m4fd2) | N/A | N/A | | nfrelay.app | [nfrelay.app](https://nfrelay.app) aggregator relay (nostr-filter-relay) | ws://nfrelay6saohkmipikquvrn6d64dzxivhmcdcj4d5i7wxis47xwsriyd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub19dn7fq9hlxwjsdtgf28hyakcdmd73cccaf2u7a7vl42echey7ezs2hwja7) | N/A | N/A | relay.nostr.net | Public relay from nostr.net (Same as clearnet) | ws://nostrnetl6yd5whkldj3vqsxyyaq3tkuspy23a3qgx7cdepb4564qgqd.onion | [operator](https://nostr.at/aljaz@nostr.si) | N/A | N/A | | nerostrator | Free to read, pay XMR to relay | ws://nerostrrgb5fhj6dnzhjbgmnkpy2berdlczh6tuh2jsqrjok3j4zoxid.onion | [operator](nostr:npub19j7zhftjfjnep4xa7zxhevschkqdvem9zr26dq4myhu6d62p3gqs3htnca) |[Payment URL](http://nerostrrgb5fhj6dnzhjbgmnkpy2berdlczh6tuh2jsqrjok3j4zoxid.onion) | XMR | | nostr.girino.org | Public relay from nostr.girino.org | ws://gnostr2jnapk72mnagq3cuykfon73temzp77hcbncn4silgt77boruid.onion | [operator](nostr:npub18lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vets0hcfsz) | N/A | N/A | | wot.girino.org | WoT relay from wot.girino.org | ws://girwot2koy3kvj6fk7oseoqazp5vwbeawocb3m27jcqtah65f2fkl3yd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub18lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vets0hcfsz) | N/A | N/A | | haven.girino.org/{outbox, inbox, chat, private} | Haven smart relay from haven.girino.org | ws://ghaven2hi3qn2riitw7ymaztdpztrvmm337e2pgkacfh3rnscaoxjoad.onion/{outbox, inbox, chat, private} | [operator](nostr:npub18lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vets0hcfsz) | N/A | N/A | | relay.nostpy.lol | Free Web of Trust relay (Same as clearnet) | ws://pemgkkqjqjde7y2emc2hpxocexugbixp42o4zymznil6zfegx5nfp4id.onion | [operator](nostr:nprofile1qy08wumn8ghj7mn0wd68yttsw43zuam9d3kx7unyv4ezumn9wshszxrhwden5te0dehhxarj9enx6apwwa5h5tnzd9az7qpqg5pm4gf8hh7skp2rsnw9h2pvkr32sdnuhkcx9yte7qxmrg6v4txqr5amve) |N/A | N/A | | Poster.place Nostr Relay | N/A | ws://dmw5wbawyovz7fcahvguwkw4sknsqsalffwctioeoqkvvy7ygjbcuoad.onion | [operator](nostr:nprofile1qqsr836yylem9deatcu08ekfj8qj9f2aypq8ydt0w8dyng8zp8akjsqpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduqs6amnwvaz7tmwdaejumr0ds6xxx6y) | N/A | N/A | | Azzamo Relay | [Azzamo](https://azzamo.net/relays/) Premium Nostr relay. (paid) | ws://q6a7m5qkyonzb5fk5yv4jyu3ar44hqedn7wjopg737lit2ckkhx2nyid.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1jjn20zj6awa6gz73423zxjqszvkzmqqyhwghwctvgy7ncrwlxg8qdavknm) | [Payment URL](https://azzamo.net/pay) | BTC LN | | Azzamo Inbox Relay | [Azzamo](https://azzamo.net/inbox-relay/) Group and Private message relay. (Freemium) | ws://gp5kiwqfw7t2fwb3rfts2aekoph4x7pj5pv65re2y6hzaujsxewanbqd.onion | [operator](nostr:npub1jjn20zj6awa6gz73423zxjqszvkzmqqyhwghwctvgy7ncrwlxg8qdavknm) | [Payment URL](https://azzamo.net/pay) | BTC LN | | Noderunners Relay | The official [Noderunners](https://noderunners.network) Nostr Relay. | ws://35vr3xigzjv2xyzfyif6o2gksmkioppy4rmwag7d4bqmwuccs2u4jaid.onion | [operator](nostr:nprofile1qqsqarzpaw2xv4cc36n092krdsj78yll7n2pfx5rv7fzp4n9jhlsl2spz3mhxue69uhhwmm59esh57npd4hjumn9wsq3gamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7tqd6ns) | [Payment URL](https://noderunners.azzamo.net) | BTC LN | ## Contributing Contributions are encouraged to keep this document alive. Just open a PR and I'll have it tested and merged. The onion URL is the only mandatory column, the rest is just nice-to-have metadata about the relay. Put `N/A` in empty columns. If you want to contribute anonymously, please contact me on [SimpleX](https://simplex.chat/contact#/?v=2&smp=smp%3A%2F%2F0YuTwO05YJWS8rkjn9eLJDjQhFKvIYd8d4xG8X1blIU%3D%40smp8.simplex.im%2FZ_4q0Nv91wCk8Uekyiaas7NSr-nEDir7%23%2F%3Fv%3D1-2%26dh%3DMCowBQYDK2VuAyEAvdSLn5QEwrfKQswQGTzlwtXeLMXbzxErv-zOJU6D0y8%253D%26srv%3Dbeccx4yfxxbvyhqypaavemqurytl6hozr47wfc7uuecacjqdvwpw2xid.onion) or send a DM on nostr using a disposable npub. ### Operator column It is generally preferred to use something that includes a NIP-19 string, either just the string or a url that contains the NIP-19 string in it (e.g. an njump url).

@ 000002de:c05780a7

The newly installed FBI Director Kash Patel was sworn in on a Bhagavad Gita (Hindu holy book) NOT a Christian Bible! Guys, its happening! Christian Nationalism is here. We predicted that Trump would introduce a government ruled by Christians for Christians persecuting people of other faiths. Its just a matter of weeks until we are in full blown Handmaids Tale! Time to get out. Get out while you can. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899838

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I've been very hopeful that the proposal to replace the IRS, and all of the taxes it collects, with a combination of sales taxes and tariffs, will go through, but just this morning some of the secondary effects of such a change occurred to me. Now, I'm even more hopeful that this happens. # The Obvious Benefits My initial reasons for excitement were the obvious ones: consumption based taxes have better incentives than production based taxes (I know tax incidence muddies the waters, but this is still true) and consumption taxes are more avoidable than the slew of individual and corporate taxes currently in place. # Financial Privacy One second order benefit occurred to me immediately: Without taxes on income/payroll/inheritance/capital gains/etc. the state loses most of its rational for its rampant invasions of our financial privacy. Since most businesses are already subjected to the invasion of their financial privacy (through state and local sales taxes), this is a huge net positive. Not only is this better for its own sake, but all of the monitoring that goes into current financial surveillance is costly. Getting all of those transactions costs out of our financial system will be a huge positive. # No More Benefits Tied to Employment This is what hit me this morning. The reason Americans get so many benefits through their employers is because they're tax exempted. Having our healthcare tied to our employer, and largely decided by them, is a huge distortion in the health care market and it radically reduces competition. Without preferential tax treatment, we would just be paid out that money in our salaries and make our own health care choices. As such, expect the current medical-industrial complex to fight this tax reform tooth and nail. The other element of this that I realized is that retirement accounts will lose the tax penalty, come withdrawal time (obviously depending on which type you have). That'll be a huge boon for many of us, and make up for the impending collapse of Social Security. # What Else? I haven't spent much more time thinking through other implications. What other effects will there be if the current tax regime is replaced with sales taxes and tariffs. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899802

@ 55f04590:2d385185

# Loops have been the overarching theme in the last two months of my work. You see, my book project is incredibly exciting, and whenever I have a large project like this—_a beast_—I have a tendency to become somewhat obsessive, (subconsciously) dedicating every waking hour to feeding it. I forced myself to step away from it for a bit, working on other projects while letting the book slumber in the back of my head. When I picked the project back up again, I could feel the different pieces it consists of had clicked into place. It always surprises me to see how taking time _away from a project_ can contribute to seeing things more clearly _on the project_. ## A new website for NoGood During this brief hiatus I found myself digging deeper into the indie & open web. I read articles by people who have been active proponents of an open web—as opposed to the walled gardens we’ve gotten accustomed to tracking us whichever way we surf—and I discovered the concept of tending to a ‘digital garden’. I saw a side of the web I was less exposed to before that aligned perfectly with my values. As a result, I overhauled the NoGood website. This new version of the website is simple, effective, and static: there is no tracking whatsoever, and it makes no requests to external resources. It only uses system fonts, serves optimised images, and because of that it’s blazing fast. I built it using _11ty_, and you can read more about it [in last month’s blogpost](https://nogood.studio/posts/update/new-website/). Within weeks, NoGood got featured on [DeadSimpleSites](http://deadsimplesites.com), a gallery full of similar websites, which is a welcome bit of recognition.  ## Rewarding dialogues The book’s sections ([_Work_, _Process_, _Context_, _Items_](https://nogood.studio/posts/book/announcement)) are set. The _Context_ section is meant to—well, do what it says on the tin: paint a picture of the context in which my own work was created and construct conversations between my work and that which came before it. To do so, I’ll carve out space for articles—published under the _Creative Commons_ or share-alike license—that inspired me along the way. I’ll illustrate each article myself, in black and white. I’ve asked a few people for their permission to publish their articles and have received positive responses from [Cory Doctorow](https://craphound.com/), Jack Dorsey, [Lyn Alden](https://www.lynalden.com/) and [DerGigi](https://dergigi.com/), for which I’m incredibly grateful. Just the ability to have dialogues with these people whose work I’ve admired is a rewarding outcome of me pursuing this project, feeding back into my desire to create a great publication. In order to do right by the _Creative Commons_ license, I’ll make the _Context_ section available on the NoGood website, too. I may even turn it into a printable zine—more on that later. ## Editing and designing the NoGood book I primarily work on the book from my studio space, which I share with two other creatives, [Timo](http://timokuilder.com) and [Daniël](http://daniel.pizza). Daniël designs and builds open-source software for [Ghost](http://ghost.org), writes, and publishes a literary magazine called [_TRANSCRIPT_](http://transcriptmag.store). We share similar values, he knows a thing or two about the open web, and it made perfect sense for us to work together. I’ve hired him to act as an editor for the book, and he now edits my writing (in fact, he edited this update, too!). We’ve had some dialogues about the articles I’m including as well as others I could add, too, and we’ll continue our conversations throughout the design process. Commissioning him to take on this work has been a relief. It freed up precious headspace, and I’ve started designing the first spreads of the book. Some sections already are very clear, while others still need time to crystallise. Fortunately, clarity comes as a result of chipping away at the work ahead, so I keep at it with renewed energy—updates will now follow more regularly.   ## Crowdfunding & production I have a complete picture of the production costs of the book and I’ve ironed out the logistics. I know which printer will be printing it, and my budget estimates were correct. The current number of [pre-orders](https://geyser.fund/project/nogoodartbook) (53) covers roughly 70% of the production costs, which means I can safely produce the NoGood book—it’s going to print this summer! 200 copies will roll off the press, and I’m really looking forward to it. Thank you for reading. More soon, Thomas. --- #### Previous updates [The NoGood art book announcement](https://stacker.news/items/736947) [Update 01 – Humble beginnings](https://stacker.news/items/744898) [Update 02 – Throwback](https://stacker.news/items/762791) #### Pre-order a book The NoGood art book is available [as a pre-order on Geyser](https://geyser.fund/project/nogoodartbook). originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899798

@ c43d6de3:a6583169

Every Sunday, my brother Alex and I would catch the scent of pie creeping from the oven as we chased Ronnie and Ellis around my grandma’s house. We were good at keeping traditions. Though we eventually outgrew the days of stampeding through Grandma’s living room, her house remained our gathering place. The four of us—Alex, Ronnie, Ellis, and I—would settle on the back porch, the aroma of freshly baked pie still wafting through the air. We’d trade stories about our first crushes, our first kisses, and our dreams for the future, laughing in the warmth of a home that felt eternal. Alex was the first to leave for college. He never really came back. Four years away, then a big-time job across the country. Ronnie and Ellis—the twins—left a few years later. They never truly returned, either. Not the same, at least. A cruel trick of biology had been lurking in the depths of their genes, lying in wait for the right moment to surface. In college, Ronnie was consumed by schizophrenia, while Ellis battled years of depression. They came back home, but they weren’t the same boys I had grown up with. The ones I had once sprinted through hallways with, laughing until our sides hurt, were lost to something none of us could chase down or outrun. By the time I graduated, the scent of pie had vanished forever. My grandmother’s grave was my last stop before I, too, left town. I never went back. People leave in different ways. Some move to another city or another country. Some lose themselves to illness, slipping through our fingers even as they sit beside us. Some find their final resting place. All dearly departed. What makes their departure so bittersweet is the time we once had with them—the memories we carry, the laughter that still echoes in the corners of our hearts. That’s life. That’s what makes it worth it.

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

# It's *contest-palooza* at ~Stacker_Sports: - We have [cricket](https://stacker.news/items/898849/r/Undisciplined) - We'll likely have more cricket soon! - We have [USA vs the world](https://stacker.news/items/897858/r/Undisciplined) - We have [soccer](https://stacker.news/items/894320/r/Undisciplined) - We have [NBA](https://stacker.news/items/894412/r/Undisciplined) - Coming soon: March Madness, Fantasy Baseball, MLB Survivor Pools, NFL Mock Drafts, and AFL! # In actual sports news, - the NBA is hitting the home stretch. The contenders, pretenders, and tankers are sorting themselves out. - Steph's 56 - Giannis vs Jokic showdown - Brady tampering for Stafford? - NFL combine and other offseason activity - Ovi chasing the Great One - MLB started spring training games - New ball/strike review system # Degenerate Corner - [Predyx Super Bowl market](https://beta.predyx.com/market/super-bowl-winner-2026-1740263192) - I'm killing it on Ember. What's my secret? Plus, whatever stackers drop in the comments. originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899748

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

In the dynamic and often unpredictable world of cryptocurrency, the opinions and predictions of financial pundits like Jim Cramer, the host of CNBC's "Mad Money," can significantly sway market sentiments and investor behavior. Cramer, known for his incisive and sometimes controversial market insights, has recently turned his attention to Bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency. His latest comments suggest a bearish outlook on Bitcoin, which has sparked intense discussions and speculations within the crypto community. This development is particularly noteworthy given Cramer's influence and the weight his opinions often carry in financial circles. His views on Bitcoin are not just idle chatter; they have the potential to shape market trends and influence investment strategies. **Table of Contents** - Cramer's Changing Stance on Bitcoin - Historical Perspective - The "Reverse Cramer Effect" - Market Reactions and Speculations - Analyzing Past Trends - The Role of Bitcoin ETFs - Implications for Investors - Navigating Market Sentiments - The Future of Bitcoin - Conclusion - FAQs **Cramer's Changing Stance on Bitcoin** **Historical Perspective** Jim Cramer's relationship with Bitcoin has been a rollercoaster of changing opinions and stances. Initially skeptical, Cramer warmed up to Bitcoin, acknowledging its potential as an investment asset. However, his recent bearish comments mark a significant shift from his earlier views. This change is intriguing, as it comes at a time when Bitcoin has been showing signs of recovery and gaining mainstream acceptance. Cramer's influence in the financial world means that his opinions are closely monitored and can lead to tangible market reactions. His latest stance, suggesting that Bitcoin is "topping out," has therefore raised eyebrows and led to debates about the future direction of the cryptocurrency. **The "Reverse Cramer Effect"** The phenomenon known as the "reverse Cramer effect" has become a topic of interest among investors and market analysts. This effect, where the market tends to move in the opposite direction of Cramer's advice, has been observed on multiple occasions. For example, after Cramer advised investors to sell Bitcoin in April 2023, the cryptocurrency's price surged, defying his predictions. This pattern has led some investors to view Cramer's predictions as a contrarian indicator. The consistency of this effect raises questions about market psychology and the influence of prominent financial figures on investor behavior. It also underscores the complexity and unpredictability of the cryptocurrency market, where sentiment can often drive price movements more than fundamentals. **Market Reactions and Speculations** **Analyzing Past Trends** The market's reaction to Cramer's comments is not just a matter of idle speculation; it has real implications for investors and traders. The "reverse Cramer effect" has been noted not just in the case of Bitcoin but also in other financial markets. This phenomenon suggests a deeper, perhaps psychological, aspect of market behavior where investors might be inclined to react contrarily to prominent predictions. The recent bearish stance by Cramer on Bitcoin thus becomes a focal point for market watchers. If history is any guide, this could very well be an inadvertent signal for a bullish phase for Bitcoin. **The Role of Bitcoin ETFs** The potential approval of Bitcoin ETFs by the SEC is a significant development in the cryptocurrency world. These ETFs would provide a more accessible and regulated avenue for investing in Bitcoin, potentially attracting a new class of investors. The approval of these ETFs could be a game-changer for Bitcoin's price, as it would represent a major step towards mainstream acceptance and institutional investment. The timing of Cramer's comments in the context of these developments adds an interesting dimension to market speculations. If the SEC does approve Bitcoin ETFs, and the "reverse Cramer effect" holds true, we could witness a substantial bull run in Bitcoin's price. **Implications for Investors** **Navigating Market Sentiments** For investors, the "reverse Cramer effect" and the potential approval of Bitcoin ETFs present a complex scenario. While it's tempting to base investment decisions on the predictions of market experts, the unpredictable nature of cryptocurrencies requires a more nuanced approach. Investors need to consider a range of factors, including market trends, technological developments, regulatory changes, and broader economic indicators. The case of Jim Cramer's shifting stance on Bitcoin highlights the importance of not relying solely on expert opinions but also conducting independent research and analysis. **The Future of Bitcoin** The future of Bitcoin, as suggested by the recent developments and Cramer's comments, appears to be at a potential turning point. While the possibility of a bull market looms, it's important to remember the inherent volatility and risks associated with cryptocurrencies. The market's response to Cramer's comments, coupled with the potential regulatory advancements like Bitcoin ETFs, could indeed set the stage for significant price movements. However, investors should remain cautious and diversified in their approach, keeping in mind that the cryptocurrency market is still maturing and subject to rapid changes. **Conclusion** Jim Cramer's recent bearish comments on Bitcoin have stirred up a wave of discussions and speculations about the future of this leading cryptocurrency. While his track record suggests the possibility of an upcoming bull market, the volatile and unpredictable nature of the crypto world warrants a cautious approach. Investors should weigh Cramer's opinions alongside other market indicators and conduct thorough research before making investment decisions. As the cryptocurrency landscape continues to evolve, staying informed, adaptable, and prudent remains crucial for navigating the market's ebbs and flows. **FAQs** **Who is Jim Cramer?** Jim Cramer is a well-known financial expert and the host of CNBC's "Mad Money." He is recognized for his bold market predictions and has a significant influence in the financial world. **What is the "Reverse Cramer Effect"?** The "Reverse Cramer Effect" refers to a phenomenon where the market tends to move in the opposite direction of Jim Cramer's predictions. This has been observed particularly in the cryptocurrency market with Bitcoin. **Why are Jim Cramer's comments on Bitcoin important?** Cramer's comments are closely followed by investors and can influence market trends. His recent bearish stance on Bitcoin has sparked discussions and speculations about a potential bull market due to the "Reverse Cramer Effect." **What impact could Bitcoin ETFs have on the market?** The approval of Bitcoin ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds) by the SEC could significantly boost Bitcoin's price by providing a regulated and accessible investment avenue, potentially attracting more mainstream and institutional investors. **Should investors base their decisions solely on Jim Cramer's predictions?** While Cramer's opinions are influential, investors are advised to conduct their own research and consider a range of factors before making investment decisions, due to the unpredictable nature of the cryptocurrency market. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnewsco](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co/](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@thebitcoinlibertarian](https://www.youtube.com/@thebitcoinlibertarian)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** **Get Orange Pill App And Connect With Bitcoiners In Your Area. Stack Friends Who Stack Sats link: https://signup.theorangepillapp.com/opa/croxroad** **Buy Bitcoin Books At Konsensus Network Store. 10% Discount With Code “21croxroad” link: https://bitcoinbook.shop?ref=21croxroad** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ 2dd9250b:6e928072

Vi recentemente um post onde a pessoa diz que aquele final do filme O Doutrinador (2019) não faz sentido porque mesmo se explodir o Palácio dos Três Poderes, não acaba a corrupção no Brasil. Olha a mentalidade desse pessoal! São analfabetos mesmo. Progressistas são pessoas que não sabem ler e não conseguem interpretar nada, não possuem essa capacidade de interpretar o que está lendo porque o final de Doutrinador não tem a ver com isso, tem a ver com a relação entre Herói e a sua Cidade. Nas histórias em quadrinhos sempre existe uma ligação entre a cidade e o Super-Herói, é por isso que Gotham City acaba criando o Batman, isso é mostrado em The Batman e em Batman: Cavaleiro das Trevas, quando aquele garoto no final, diz para o Batman não fugir, porque ele queria ver o Batman de novo. E o Comissário Gordon diz que o "Batman é o que a cidade de Gotham precisa." Em Batman: Cavaleiro das Trevas Ressurge você vê justamente a cidade de Gotham sendo tomada pela corrupção e pela ideologia do Bane. A Cidade vai definhando em imoralidade e o Bruce olha da prisão naquele poço a cidade sendo destruída e decide que o Batman precisa voltar porque se Gotham for destruída, o Batman é destruído junto e é por isso que ele consegue sair daquele poço e voltar para salvar Gotham. Isso também é mostrado em Demolidor. Na série Demolidor o Matt Murdock sempre está falando que ele precisa defender a cidade Cozinha do Inferno; que o Fisk não vai dominar a cidade e fazer o que ele quer. Inclusive na terceira temporada isso fica mais evidente na luta final na mansão do Fisk, onde Matt fala para ele que agora a cidade toda vai saber o que ele fez; a cidade vai ver o mal que ele é para Hell's Kitchen, porque a gente sabe que o Fisk fez de tudo para a imagem do Demolidor entrar e descrédito perante os cidadãos, então o que acontece no final ali do Doutrinador não significa que ele está acabando com a corrupção quando explode o Congresso, ele está praticamente interrompendo o ciclo do sistema, ele está colocando uma falha na engrenagem do sistema. Quando você ouve o nome "Brasília" você pensa na corrupção dos políticos, onde a farra acontece, onde os políticos moram, onde eles desviam dinheiro arrecadado dos impostos que vai tudo para Brasília, então quando você ouve falarem de Brasília, você sempre pensa que o pessoal que mora lá, mora junto com tudo de podre que acontece no Brasil. Então quando ele explode tudo ali, ele está basicamente destruindo o mecanismo que suja Brasília. Ele está fazendo isso naquela cidade. Porque o símbolo da cidade é justamente esse, a farsa de que naquele lugar o povo será ouvido e a justiça será feita. Ele está destruindo a ideologia de que o Estado nos protege, nos dá segurança, saúde e educação. Porque na verdade o Estado só existe para privilegiar os políticos, funcionários públicos de auto escalão, suas famílias e amigos. Enquanto que o povo sofre para sustentar a elite política. O protagonista Miguel entendeu isso quando a filha dele morreu na fila do SUS.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

**ภาพรวมการวิเคราะห์ Bitcoin (BTC)** จากการตรวจสอบกราฟและอินดิเคเตอร์ใน Timeframe 15 นาที, 4 ชั่วโมง, และรายวัน (Day) พบว่า Bitcoin มีความผันผวนและมีแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่น่าสนใจในแต่ละ Timeframe ดังรายละเอียดต่อไปนี้ค่ะ **อินดิเคเตอร์ที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์** * **EMA (Exponential Moving Average):** * **EMA 50 (สีเหลือง):** แสดงแนวโน้มระยะสั้นของราคา * **EMA 200 (สีขาว):** แสดงแนวโน้มระยะยาวของราคา * **SMC (Smart Money Concepts):** แนวคิดการเทรดที่เน้นการวิเคราะห์พฤติกรรมของ "Smart Money" หรือผู้เล่นรายใหญ่ในตลาด * **ICT (Inner Circle Trader) Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** อินดิเคเตอร์ที่ระบุตำแหน่งสภาพคล่องฝั่งซื้อและฝั่งขาย ซึ่งเป็นเป้าหมายราคาที่น่าสนใจ * **Money Flow:** อินดิเคเตอร์ที่แสดงทิศทางการไหลเข้าออกของเงินทุนในสินทรัพย์ * **Trend Strength (🌟Introducing the Trend and Strength Signals indicator by AlgoAlpha!):** อินดิเคเตอร์ที่ช่วยระบุแนวโน้มและความแข็งแกร่งของตลาด มีลักษณะเป็นเมฆและสัญญาณซื้อขาย **วิเคราะห์แนวโน้มและกลยุทธ์การเทรด** **1. Timeframe 15 นาที (TF 15m)**  * **แนวโน้ม:** ใน TF 15 นาที ราคา BTC มีความผันผวนในกรอบแคบ EMA 50 ตัดกับ EMA 200 บ่งบอกถึงความไม่แน่นอนของแนวโน้มในระยะสั้น * **สัญญาณอินดิเคเตอร์:** * **Trend Strength:** เกิดสัญญาณซื้อขาย (Buy/Sell Signal) แต่เมฆ (Cloud) ยังไม่ชัดเจน บ่งบอกถึงความแข็งแกร่งของแนวโน้มยังไม่เด่นชัด * **Money Flow:** มีการสลับการไหลเข้าออกของเงินทุน สะท้อนถึงความไม่แน่นอนในระยะสั้น * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** อินดิเคเตอร์นี้จะช่วยระบุแนวรับแนวต้านใน TF สั้นๆ เพื่อใช้ในการพิจารณาจุดเข้าออก * **Chart Pattern:** พิจารณารูปแบบ Chart Pattern ใน TF 15 นาที เช่น รูปแบบสามเหลี่ยม (Triangle) หรือรูปแบบธง (Flag) เพื่อหารูปแบบราคาที่อาจเกิดขึ้น * **กลยุทธ์ Day Trade (การเทรดรายวัน):** * **กลยุทธ์:** เน้นการเทรดในกรอบ Sideway โดยใช้แนวรับแนวต้านที่ระบุจาก Buyside & Sellside Liquidity และสัญญาณจาก Trend Strength ประกอบการตัดสินใจ * **SMC Setup:** มองหา SMC Setup ใน TF 15 นาที เช่น Order Block หรือ Fair Value Gap บริเวณแนวรับแนวต้าน เพื่อหาจังหวะเข้าเทรดตามแนวโน้มระยะสั้น * **สิ่งที่ต้องระวัง:** ความผันผวนสูงใน TF 15 นาที อาจทำให้เกิดสัญญาณหลอก ควรใช้ Stop Loss ที่เหมาะสม และบริหารความเสี่ยงอย่างเคร่งครัด **2. Timeframe 4 ชั่วโมง (TF 4H)**  * **แนวโน้ม:** ใน TF 4 ชั่วโมง ราคา BTC มีแนวโน้มเป็นขาขึ้น EMA 50 อยู่เหนือ EMA 200 บ่งบอกถึงแนวโน้มขาขึ้นในระยะกลาง * **สัญญาณอินดิเคเตอร์:** * **Trend Strength:** เกิดเมฆสีเขียว (Green Cloud) และสัญญาณซื้อ (Buy Signal) บ่งบอกถึงแนวโน้มขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่ง * **Money Flow:** เงินทุนไหลเข้าต่อเนื่อง สนับสนุนแนวโน้มขาขึ้น * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** อินดิเคเตอร์นี้จะช่วยระบุแนวรับแนวต้านที่สำคัญใน TF 4 ชั่วโมง เพื่อใช้ในการวางแผนการเทรดระยะกลาง * **Chart Pattern:** พิจารณารูปแบบ Chart Pattern ใน TF 4 ชั่วโมง เช่น รูปแบบ Cup and Handle หรือรูปแบบ Ascending Triangle เพื่อยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้น * **กลยุทธ์ Day Trade (การเทรดรายวัน) / Swing Trade (การเทรดระยะกลาง):** * **กลยุทธ์:** เน้นการเทรดตามแนวโน้มขาขึ้น โดยใช้ EMA 50 และแนวรับแนวต้านจาก Buyside & Sellside Liquidity เป็นจุดอ้างอิงในการเข้าเทรด * **SMC Setup:** มองหา SMC Setup ใน TF 4 ชั่วโมง เช่น Break of Structure (BOS) หรือ Change of Character (CHOCH) เพื่อหาจังหวะเข้าเทรดตามแนวโน้มขาขึ้น * **สิ่งที่ต้องระวัง:** การพักตัวของราคาในแนวโน้มขาขึ้น อาจทำให้เกิดการย่อตัวระยะสั้น ควรพิจารณาแนวรับที่แข็งแกร่ง และตั้ง Stop Loss เพื่อป้องกันความเสี่ยง **3. Timeframe รายวัน (TF Day)**  * **แนวโน้ม:** ใน TF รายวัน ราคา BTC ยังคงอยู่ในแนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะยาว EMA 50 อยู่เหนือ EMA 200 อย่างชัดเจน * **สัญญาณอินดิเคเตอร์:** * **Trend Strength:** เกิดเมฆสีเขียวขนาดใหญ่ (Large Green Cloud) และสัญญาณซื้อต่อเนื่อง (Continuous Buy Signal) บ่งบอกถึงแนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะยาวที่แข็งแกร่งมาก * **Money Flow:** เงินทุนไหลเข้าอย่างต่อเนื่องและแข็งแกร่ง สนับสนุนแนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะยาว * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** อินดิเคเตอร์นี้จะช่วยระบุแนวรับแนวต้านที่สำคัญใน TF รายวัน เพื่อใช้ในการวางแผนการลงทุนระยะยาว * **Chart Pattern:** พิจารณารูปแบบ Chart Pattern ใน TF รายวัน เช่น รูปแบบ Bullish Flag หรือรูปแบบ Wedge เพื่อยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะยาว * **กลยุทธ์ Day Trade (การเทรดรายวัน) / Swing Trade (การเทรดระยะกลาง) / Long-Term Investment (การลงทุนระยะยาว):** * **กลยุทธ์:** เน้นการลงทุนระยะยาวตามแนวโน้มขาขึ้น โดยพิจารณาจังหวะเข้าซื้อเมื่อราคาย่อตัวลงมาบริเวณแนวรับสำคัญใน TF รายวัน * **SMC Setup:** มองหา SMC Setup ใน TF รายวัน เช่น Institutional Order Flow เพื่อยืนยันแนวโน้มขาขึ้นระยะยาว * **สิ่งที่ต้องระวัง:** ความเสี่ยงจากปัจจัยภายนอกที่อาจกระทบตลาด Cryptocurrency ในระยะยาว ควรติดตามข่าวสารและสถานการณ์ตลาดอย่างใกล้ชิด และกระจายความเสี่ยงในการลงทุน **สรุป** จากการวิเคราะห์ BTC ใน 3 Timeframe ด้วยอินดิเคเตอร์และ Chart Pattern พบว่า BTC ยังคงมีแนวโน้มขาขึ้นในระยะกลางและระยะยาว อย่างไรก็ตาม ในระยะสั้น TF 15 นาที ยังมีความผันผวนและไม่แน่นอน กลยุทธ์การเทรดที่เหมาะสมจะแตกต่างกันไปตาม Timeframe และเป้าหมายการเทรดของแต่ละบุคคล ควรพิจารณาความเสี่ยงและบริหารจัดการเงินทุนอย่างเหมาะสม **คำแนะนำเพิ่มเติม** * **ศึกษาเพิ่มเติม:** ควรศึกษาเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับ SMC, ICT, และ Trend Strength Indicator เพื่อให้เข้าใจหลักการทำงานและนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ในการเทรดได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ * **ทดลองบนบัญชี Demo:** ทดลองกลยุทธ์ต่างๆ บนบัญชี Demo ก่อนนำไปใช้จริง เพื่อทดสอบความเข้าใจและปรับปรุงกลยุทธ์ให้เหมาะสมกับตนเอง * **ติดตามข่าวสาร:** ติดตามข่าวสารและสถานการณ์ตลาด Cryptocurrency อย่างสม่ำเสมอ เพื่อประกอบการตัดสินใจในการเทรดและการลงทุน **Disclaimer (ข้อจำกัดความรับผิดชอบ):** การวิเคราะห์นี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อให้ข้อมูลเท่านั้น และเป็นความคิดเห็นส่วนบุคคล ไม่ใช่คำแนะนำทางการเงิน การลงทุนใน Cryptocurrency มีความเสี่ยงสูง นักลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลด้วยตนเองและใช้ความระมัดระวังก่อนตัดสินใจลงทุน

@ d360efec:14907b5f

$OKX:BTCUSDT.P From checking the charts and indicators in 15-minute, 4-hour, and daily timeframes, it is found that Bitcoin is volatile and has interesting trend changes in each timeframe, as detailed below: **Trend Analysis and Trading Strategies** **1. 15-Minute Timeframe (TF 15m)**  * **Trend:** In the 15-minute TF, the BTC price is fluctuating in a narrow range. EMA 50 crossing with EMA 200 indicates short-term trend uncertainty. * **Indicator Signals:** * **Trend Strength:** Buy/Sell signals occur, but the cloud is not yet clear, indicating that the trend strength is not yet prominent. * **Money Flow:** There is an alternating inflow and outflow of funds, reflecting short-term uncertainty. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** This indicator helps identify support and resistance levels in short TFs to consider entry and exit points. * **Chart Pattern:** Consider Chart Patterns in the 15-minute TF, such as Triangle or Flag patterns, to find possible price patterns. * **Day Trade Strategy:** * **Strategy:** Focus on trading in a Sideway range, using support and resistance levels identified by Buyside & Sellside Liquidity and signals from Trend Strength to make decisions. * **SMC Setup:** Look for SMC Setups in the 15-minute TF, such as Order Blocks or Fair Value Gaps around support and resistance areas, to find short-term trend trading opportunities. * **Things to watch out for:** High volatility in the 15-minute TF may cause false signals. Appropriate Stop Loss should be used and risk should be managed strictly. **2. 4-Hour Timeframe (TF 4H)**  * **Trend:** In the 4-hour TF, the BTC price is trending upwards. EMA 50 is above EMA 200, indicating a medium-term uptrend. * **Indicator Signals:** * **Trend Strength:** A Green Cloud and Buy Signal occur, indicating a strong uptrend. * **Money Flow:** Funds continue to flow in, supporting the uptrend. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** This indicator helps identify important support and resistance levels in the 4-hour TF for medium-term trading planning. * **Chart Pattern:** Consider Chart Patterns in the 4-hour TF, such as Cup and Handle or Ascending Triangle patterns, to confirm the uptrend. * **Day Trade / Swing Trade Strategy:** * **Strategy:** Focus on trading along the uptrend, using EMA 50 and support and resistance levels from Buyside & Sellside Liquidity as reference points for entering trades. * **SMC Setup:** Look for SMC Setups in the 4-hour TF, such as Break of Structure (BOS) or Change of Character (CHOCH), to find trading opportunities along the uptrend. * **Things to watch out for:** Price consolidation in an uptrend may cause short-term pullbacks. Strong support levels should be considered, and Stop Loss should be set to prevent risk. **3. Daily Timeframe (TF Day)**  * **Trend:** In the Daily TF, the BTC price is still in a long-term uptrend. EMA 50 is clearly above EMA 200. * **Indicator Signals:** * **Trend Strength:** A Large Green Cloud and Continuous Buy Signal occur, indicating a very strong long-term uptrend. * **Money Flow:** Funds are flowing in continuously and strongly, supporting the long-term uptrend. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** This indicator helps identify important support and resistance levels in the Daily TF for long-term investment planning. * **Chart Pattern:** Consider Chart Patterns in the Daily TF, such as Bullish Flag or Wedge patterns, to confirm the long-term uptrend. * **Day Trade / Swing Trade / Long-Term Investment Strategy:** * **Strategy:** Focus on long-term investment along the uptrend, considering buying opportunities when the price pulls back to important support levels in the Daily TF. * **SMC Setup:** Look for SMC Setups in the Daily TF, such as Institutional Order Flow, to confirm the long-term uptrend. * **Things to watch out for:** Risks from external factors that may affect the cryptocurrency market in the long term. Market news and situations should be closely monitored, and investment risk should be diversified. **Summary** From analyzing BTC in 3 Timeframes with indicators and Chart Patterns, it is found that BTC still has an uptrend in the medium and long term. However, in the short term, the 15-minute TF is still volatile and uncertain. Appropriate trading strategies will vary depending on the timeframe and individual trading goals. Risk should be considered and capital should be managed appropriately. **Additional Recommendations** * **Further Study:** Further study on SMC, ICT, and Trend Strength Indicator should be done to understand the working principles and apply them effectively in trading. * **Experiment on Demo Account:** Experiment with various strategies on a Demo account before using them in real trading to test understanding and improve strategies to suit oneself. * **Follow News:** Follow cryptocurrency market news and situations regularly to inform trading and investment decisions. **Disclaimer:** This analysis is for informational purposes only and represents a personal opinion. It is not financial advice. Investing in cryptocurrencies involves significant risk. Investors should conduct their own research and exercise due diligence before making any investment decisions.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

$OKX:BTCUSDT.P **Overview:** Based on the overall picture across the 3 timeframes (15m, 4H, Day), Bitcoin is in a bullish trend but is experiencing a short-term consolidation. **Analysis of each Timeframe:** * **TF 15m:**  * **SMC:** The price is in a sideways consolidation phase after breaking out of a triangle pattern. There's potential to test the Buyside Liquidity around $64,000. * **ICT:** The price is testing the EMA 50 (yellow) support. If it holds above this support, there's a chance for further upward movement. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** * Buyside Liquidity: $64,000 * Sellside Liquidity: $60,000 (around EMA 200 and the lower boundary of the sideways range) * **Money Flow:** Positive, supporting the bullish trend. * **EMA:** EMA 50 > EMA 200, a bullish signal. * **Trend Strength:** Thick green cloud and buy signals indicate a strong uptrend. * **Chart Pattern:** Triangle breakout. * **TF 4H:**  * **SMC:** The price is in a clear uptrend after breaking out of a significant resistance level. * **ICT:** The price is holding strongly above both EMA 50 and EMA 200. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** * Buyside Liquidity: No significant resistance nearby. * Sellside Liquidity: $58,000 (around EMA 50) * **Money Flow:** Positive, supporting the bullish trend. * **EMA:** EMA 50 > EMA 200, a bullish signal. * **Trend Strength:** Green cloud and buy signals indicate an uptrend. * **TF Day:**  * **SMC:** The price is in a clear uptrend. * **ICT:** The price is holding strongly above both EMA 50 and EMA 200. * **Buyside & Sellside Liquidity:** * Buyside Liquidity: No significant resistance nearby. * Sellside Liquidity: $50,000 (around EMA 50) * **Money Flow:** Positive, supporting the bullish trend. * **EMA:** EMA 50 > EMA 200, a bullish signal. * **Trend Strength:** Thick green cloud and buy signals indicate a strong uptrend. **Day Trade Strategy (SMC):** 1. **Buy on Dip:** Wait for the price to pull back towards the EMA 50 support on the 15m TF (around $61,500 - $62,000) or the lower boundary of the sideways range. 2. **Take Profit:** Set a profit target at the Buyside Liquidity around $64,000. 3. **Stop Loss:** Set a stop loss slightly below the Sellside Liquidity around $60,000. **Things to Watch Out For:** * **Volatility:** Bitcoin is highly volatile. Set your stop loss appropriately. * **False Breakout:** Be cautious of false breakouts. * **News:** Stay updated on news that may impact Bitcoin's price. **Summary:** Bitcoin is in a bullish trend across all timeframes but is experiencing a short-term consolidation. The recommended day trade strategy is "Buy on Dip," with a profit target of $64,000 and a stop loss slightly below $60,000. **Disclaimer:** This analysis is for informational purposes only and represents a personal opinion. It is not financial advice. Investing in cryptocurrencies involves significant risk. Investors should conduct their own research and exercise due diligence before making any investment decisions.

@ 2e8970de:63345c7a

 the silence before the storm originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899535

@ e373ca41:b82abcc5

*Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem* *[Pareto-Client](https://pareto.space/read)* geschrieben (lesen Sie ihn dort, um die volle Erfahrung zu machen).  *Dies ist Teil 3 der Serie “Die Corona-Connection”: Lesen Sie hier* *[Teil 1](https://pareto.space/a/naddr1qqxnzden8quryveexq6rywp3qgswxu72gyq7ykjdfl9j556887jpzwu3mw3v9ez36quas55whq4te3grqsqqqa28l4mwne)* *und* *[Teil 2](https://pareto.space/a/naddr1qqxnzden8yensv3jxyenqv3eqgswxu72gyq7ykjdfl9j556887jpzwu3mw3v9ez36quas55whq4te3grqsqqqa2847yc03)*[.](https://pareto.space/a/naddr1qqxnzden8yensv3jxyenqv3eqgswxu72gyq7ykjdfl9j556887jpzwu3mw3v9ez36quas55whq4te3grqsqqqa2847yc03) *Wenn die Realität die Fiktion überholt: das ist die Signatur unserer Epoche. Im Zuge täglicher Enthüllungen tritt nun immer deutlicher der medial-industrielle Komplex der “Corona-Connection” zum Vorschein. Allein die Finanzströme zeigen deutlich: der Anfangsverdacht einer Verschwörung ist sichtbar und nachweisbar.* *** **Sie wollen meine (überwiegend englischen) Artikel auch per Email bekommen?**&#x20; **[Hier](https://pareto.space/u/ashoka@pareto.space#subscribe)** **können Sie sich eintragen für den Newsletter (max. 1-2 x pro Woche).** *** ### “Follow the Money” In Washington hat das große Sesselrücken begonnen: Tausende Wohnungen und Häuser werden gerade auf den Markt geschwemmt, die Suchanfragen nach Offshorebanken und Strafverteidigern explodiert. Die Ratten verlassen das sinkende Schiff, eine alte Nomenklatura fällt, eine neue wird errichtet. So ist Politik. Wie viel davon Inszenierung und wie viel echt ist, werden wir erst später erfahren. [](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13c10c76-0ad9-4db8-b3f9-e5e83100c812_1040x1116.png) (Quelle: [X/@wikileaks](https://x.com/wikileaks/status/1890177866085855461?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1890177866085855461%7Ctwgr%5Ec7b04670001e6199207c6ed1c3bcf4ac8cf4d6d4%7Ctwcon%5Es1_\&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zerohedge.com%2Fpolitical%2Feruption-bleachbit-wipe-hard-drive-offshore-bank-searches-dc-suggest-deep-state-panic)) Schon jetzt erfahren die Europäer allerdings von JD Vance, dass in Washington “ein neuer Sheriff in town” ist. [Die Rede auf der Münchener Sicherheitskonferenz](https://x.com/wikileaks/status/1890177866085855461?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1890177866085855461%7Ctwgr%5Ec7b04670001e6199207c6ed1c3bcf4ac8cf4d6d4%7Ctwcon%5Es1_\&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zerohedge.com%2Fpolitical%2Feruption-bleachbit-wipe-hard-drive-offshore-bank-searches-dc-suggest-deep-state-panic) war eine Zäsur in den transatlantischen Beziehungen. JD Vance hat Europa die Leviten gelesen: Wir glaubten nicht mehr an die Meinungsfreiheit, und damit an die Demokratie; wir griffen in Wahlen ein, deindustrialisierten uns selbst, betrieben ideologische Beeinflussung, Zensur und Manipulation. Eine beeindruckende Rede eines früheren Trump-Verächters (er nannte ihn mal einen Betrüger und überlegte Hillary Clinton zu wählen). Und dann der „Killer-Satz“ an das Establishment: > *„Wenn Sie Angst vor den eigenen Bürgern haben gibt es nichts, was die USA für Sie tun können.“* Ja, Vance hat in vielem Recht, Europa ist ein sektiererischer Bürokratenkontinent, der ideologisch gekapert ist. Doch vielleicht hätte Vance etwas mehr darüber sprechen können, was die USA bereits „für Europa getan haben“, allein in den letzten Jahren: * Der Europäische Debattenraum wurde mit US-Steuergeldern manipuliert, [knapp 500 Mio USD. flossen durch die Kanäle von USAID und Co.](https://www.freischwebende-intelligenz.org/p/unterwanderter-journalismus-der-mediale) * Deindustrialisierung: Danke für die Sprengung von Nordstream, großer Bruder! * Zensur: waren das nicht auch die großen amerikanische Social Media Plattformen, siehe [Twitter-Files?](https://www.freischwebende-intelligenz.org/p/twitter-files) * Ach überhaupt, der ganze Verschwörungskomplex zu Corona, ist nicht die Corona-Connection im Kern ein Konsortium überwiegend amerikanischer Player? NGOs, öffentliche Gesundheitsbehörden, CIA, Überwachungsindustrie, Big Pharma im Verbund mit China. * Wer in den letzten Jahren von “Misinformation und Disinformation” sprach, benutzte exakt das USAID-Wording und derartige Beispiele gibt es viele. *** ANZEIGE: **Sie suchen nach dem einfachsten Weg, Bitcoin zu kaufen und selbst zu verwahren?**\*\*\*\*\*\* *Die* ***[Relai-App](https://relai.app/de/?af_xp=custom\&source_caller=ui\&pid=INFLUENCER\&is_retargeting=true\&af_click_lookback=7d\&shortlink=eo5zpzew\&af_channel=branded_url\&af_inactivity_window=30d\&c=Milosz%20Matuszek)*** *ist Europas erfolgreichste Bitcoin-App.* ***[Hier](https://relai.app/de/?af_xp=custom\&source_caller=ui\&pid=INFLUENCER\&is_retargeting=true\&af_click_lookback=7d\&shortlink=eo5zpzew\&af_channel=branded_url\&af_inactivity_window=30d\&c=Milosz%20Matuszek)*** *kaufen Sie Bitcoin in wenigen Schritten und können auch Sparpläne einrichten. Niemand hat Zugriff auf Ihre Bitcoin, außer Sie selbst.* ***Relai senkt jetzt die Gebühr auf 1%**, mit dem Referral-Code* ***MILOSZ*** *sparen Sie weitere 10%. (keine Finanzberatung). Disclaimer wg. EU-Mica-Regulierung: Die Dienste von Relai werden ausschließlich für Einwohner der Schweiz und Italiens empfohlen.*  *** Sprechen wir also zuerst vom Verrat Amerikas an der Welt, in Form der größten Psyop der Welt, sowie dem Biowaffenangriff in Form von Corona und mRNA, an dem amerikanische Behörden maßgeblich beteiligt waren. Die USA (oder der deep state?) sind scheinbar im Kalten Krieg mit der eigenen Bevölkerung und der Welt: * USAID und NIAID [finanzierten Coronavirusforschung](https://www.freischwebende-intelligenz.org/p/usaid-and-co-die-ersten-kopfe-der) in Wuhan, USAID finanzierte massiv die Bill & Melinda Gates Stiftung, [Impfprogramme](https://www.ivi.int/who-we-are/ivi-the-united-states/) sowie [GAVI](https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/united-states-endorses-gavi-recommendation-us-116-billion-four-year-commitment), CEPI, Programme für [“reproductive health](https://2017-2020.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/FPRH-factsheet_OCT2020.pdf)” [etc](https://www.mathematica.org/publications/wash-for-life-findings-from-an-evaluation-of-the-partnership-between-the-bill-and-melinda-gates-fdn). Die Liste der “joint ventures” von Gates und USAID ist lang. Und USAID finanzierte den Propagandaapparat. * Früher eichte die CIA Schriftsteller im [Congress for Culture Freedom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_for_Cultural_Freedom), heute finanzieren sie Weiterbildungen und Medientrainings für Tausende Journalisten, auch in Europa. Die Presselandschaft wird wie bei [“Operation Mockingbird”](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NK1tfkESPVY\&t=20s) einfach weiter unterwandert. * Reuters bekam 9 Mio. vom US-Verteidigungsministerium und eine köstliche Programm-Beschreibung obendrein: [Millionen für social engineering und gesellschaftliche Täuschung,](https://www.usaspending.gov/award/CONT_AWD_FA865018C7886_9700_-NONE-_-NONE-) *[large societal deception](https://www.usaspending.gov/award/CONT_AWD_FA865018C7886_9700_-NONE-_-NONE-)* [(abgekürzt LSD)](https://www.usaspending.gov/award/CONT_AWD_FA865018C7886_9700_-NONE-_-NONE-). Ein Wink mit dem Zaunpfahl auf [“Mission Mind Control”](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMH5WgGFxlc), also Bewusstseinsexperimente der CIA, u.a. mit LSD? [](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5184a90-1b9c-42c3-95a7-505f87b34cac_900x471.jpeg) - Ein paar Tröpfchen LSD dürfen nicht fehlen (rechts unten) Die Rede vom Verrat an den eigenen Werten in vasallenartigem Gehorsam reiht sich jedenfalls schlecht ein in den noch größeren Verrat der eigenen Werte und eine Form von Hochverrat am Bürger durch amerikanische Behörden. Was genau bleibt also vom Vorwurf von Vance? Ihr habt bei der von uns mitfinanzierten Propagandamaschinerie etwas zu gut mitgemacht. Watch your values! Die Rede von Vance sei Wahlbeeinflussung, eine Einmischung in „unsere Demokratie“, heißt es nun bei hiesigen Nomenklaturapolitikern. Wahlbeeinflussung durch Vance? Eine schöne Nebelkerze. Die größte Wahlbeeinflussung war doch die mit Milliarden USAID-Geld finanzierte ideologische Unterwanderung des europäischen Debattenraums, von Moldawien und der Ukraine bis Deutschland und Frankreich: Internews Network, Trusted News Initiativen, Factchecker, Kampagnen zu „Misinformation/Disinformation“ uvm. Der europäische Debattenraum wurde auf CIA-Narrativebene geeicht. Die Europäer sind konsterniert: Sie haben mitgemacht und werden jetzt von Vance „unter den Bus geworfen“. Sie stehen als die nützlichen Idioten da, die sie waren. Auch eine Form von Gaslighing: Bestrafung für Gehorsam. ### Das Business Modell des Philanthrokapitalismus Der Verrat der Werte, er zieht sich längst durch alle Ebenen von Bürokratie, Politik, Wirtschaft. Was eröffnet auch bessere Geschäftsmöglichkeiten als Gedankenkontrolle, Beeinflussung, autoritäre Einschüchterungsmethoden, durchgeführt von einem korporativen Machtapparat aus Politik, Polizei, Medien, Big Tech und Pharma? Unter denen, die wegen USAID am meisten aufheulen, ist Bill Gates. Zu diesem tauchen, welch Wunder, gerade überall Lobesartikel auf, in US-Sendungen wird er wieder als Gesundheitsexperte herumgereicht, warnt vor Millionen Toten, wenn die Hilfen, die in seine Gesundheitsprogramme von USAID flossen, gestoppt werden. Nur am Rande: Gerade gab es einen Ebolaausbruch in Uganda. [Die WHO lobt den schnellen Impfstart.](https://www.watson.ch/international/gesundheit/825991708-ebola-ausbruch-in-uganda-who-lobt-zuegigen-impfstart) Immer diese Zufälle, *pandamic preparedness* sei Dank, Herr Gates! USAID und Gates sind [ziemlich beste Freunde](https://www.gatesfoundation.org/Ideas/Media-Center/Press-Releases/2010/06/Gates-Foundation-and-USAID-Announce-Innovative-Fund-to-Incentivize-Mobile-Money-Services-in-Haiti): Die weltgrößte Privatstiftung von Eugeniker Gates und eine CIA-Frontorganisation in trauter Verbundenheit. Was soll da anderes rauskommen, als die größte Psyop der Welt? Nein, USAID hat nicht in 1.6 Mrd. Dollar in deutsche Medien gesteckt, wie kürzlich per falschem Screenshot auf X verbreitet wurde. Die EU steckte dafür [132 Mio. Euro in journalistische EU-PR.](https://archive.ph/Ntehp) Doch es blieb genug Geld für die Medien übrig, um den Corona-Scam zu glauben, zu verbreiten – und sich boostern zu lassen. [](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4119cc3-7237-44f3-a714-173650a675b6_458x768.png) So wird ein Schuh draus: (Netzfund) Darüber hinaus steckte USAID Milliarden in Gavi und CEPI, die Gatesschen Impfkonsortien mit Sitz in der Schweiz. Sowie in zig andere Programme der Gatesstiftung. Teils floss Geld zurück. Ein Geben und Nehmen. All das wäre für ein James-Bond-Drehbuch zu viel des Guten und Undenkbaren: Wir haben es bei der Corona-Connection mit einer Verschwörung von Geheimdienstkreisen, China und Philanthrokapitalisten zu tun. Deren teils geheimdienstfinanzierten Outlets (GAVI, CEPI), aber auch die WHO genießen in der Schweiz Steuervorteile und Immunität, wie eine Botschaft. Und so wird ein Business-Modell daraus: * Man suche sich ein Tätigkeitsfeld, Anliegen oder ein sonstiges Vorhaben der sozialen Ingenieurskunst aus. Bei Gates: Bevölkerungskontrolle und -reduktion, Impfstoffverkauf. 2010-2020 sollte die Dekade der Impfstoffe werden – und wurde es. Gates Gebaren konnte man [2015 in einer kritischen Untersuchung](https://archive.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/GPFEurope/Philanthropic_Power_online.pdf) von “Misereor” und “Brot für die Welt” studieren. * Dann definiere man Strukturen, Mechanismen und Businessmodelle zur Umsetzung. In einer [Studie von USAID, BMGF sowie Rockefeller-Stiftung](https://web.archive.org/web/20210309193849/https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/AI-in-Global-Health_webFinal_508.pdf) zum Einsatz von KI im Gesundheitsbereich liest man es exemplarisch schwarz auf weiß: *“If evidence is promising, define business case – Wenn die Beweise vielversprechend sind, entwickle eine Geschäftsidee.”* [](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff5d42b19-4f01-4d68-9fde-66d2ad7b71b0_836x222.png) * Es erfolgt ein Investment in die Geschäftsidee. Das nennt sich dann Program-Related Investment, und nicht nur “grant”, wie die [New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/13/business/from-the-gates-foundation-direct-investment-not-just-grants.html?_r=0) früher noch kritisierte. Hier wird der angebliche Altruismus zum systemischen legalen Interessenkonflikt. Katastrophen zahlen sich jetzt aus. * WHO, Partnerorganisationen, News-Netzwerke werden auf die Idee geeicht, das übliche PR-Geschäft. * Dann noch schnell ein Planspiel, in Wuhan ist der USAID-Partner mit der gain of function-Forschung nämlich schon bereit für den Lab-Leak. Investments in Curevac, Biontech & Co. sind bereits getätigt, das politische Feld in Sachen Epidemic Preparedness ohnehin vorgeimpft (und beteiligt, hunderte Millionen gingen von Deutschland an die BMGF und CEPI, Gavi). In dieser Phase hängt der Erfolg der Operation nur noch davon ab, wie gut (und wie lange) man es schafft, das Overton-Fenster in den Medien (also das, was relevant ist) mit immer neuen Propaganda-Erzählungen und Angstbildern vollzuhängen, die sozialen Medien zurechtzustutzen und Kritiker zu dezimieren: Fertig ist der größte kriminelle Coup der Geschichte. Alle Beteiligten gewinnen: Gates vedient an den Impfstoffen, kann das Geld steuerbefreit in der Stiftung für neue Machtgewinnungsfeldzüge einsetzen, die CIA hat ein erfolgreiches Massenhypnose-Experiment durchgeführt und China konnte die Weltwirtschaft hinter sich lassen, intern die Pandemie schnell besiegen und dem Westen seine sehr schnell in Vergessenheit geratenen Bürger- und Menschenrechte vorhalten. Diese Rechte fielen ungefähr so schnell, wie die Menschen in chinesischen Propagandavideos auf der Straße zusammensackten. Nur in China übrigens, nirgendwo anders. *** **Sie wollen meine (überwiegend englischen) Artikel auch per Email bekommen?** **[Hier](https://pareto.space/u/ashoka@pareto.space#subscribe)** **können Sie sich eintragen für den Newsletter (max. 1-2 x pro Woche).** *** Philanthrokapitalismus bedeutet übersetzt, den Anreiz auszuleben, mit Kontrollphantasien, Social Engineering und Technokratie zugleich Geld zu verdienen, Steuern zu sparen, und Macht zu gewinnen. Ein Honeypot für schwerreiche Psychopathen, die munter nach Gutsherrenart an der Bevölkerung herumschrauben wollen. Der Philanthrokapitalismus eines Gates, Soros & Co ist das gefährlichste korporatistische Räuberbaronentum der Neuzeit. Der Staat kann legal für private Machterreichungszwecke ausgenommen werden – zum Schaden der Bürger. Es gab bei Corona viele Profiteure. Und viele Opfer. Über beide werden wir in naher Zukunft noch viel mehr erfahren. Die Welle der Aufarbeitung rollt. Und die Konsequenzen? Ein Bill Gates sollte vielleicht daran denken, nicht erst dann zu flüchten, wenn die Epstein-Files veröffentlicht werden, sondern schon früher. In der amerikanischen Verfassung gibt es nur einen Strafrechtsparagraphen und dieser lautet so: Artikel III, Abschnitt 3 der US-Verfassung: *„Hochverrat gegen die Vereinigten Staaten besteht ausschließlich darin, Krieg gegen sie zu führen oder ihren Feinden Beistand und Unterstützung zu leisten.“* Die Corona-Impfkampagne hat die Gesundheit der Amerikaner, auch der von Soldaten massiv geschadet, wie akut erhöhte Krankenstände und Nebenwirkungsmeldungen zeigten. Damit wurde Feinden der USA (mindestens jede verfeindete Kriegspartei) Beistand geleistet. Eines wissen wir schon jetzt: So in etwa ist der “Source Code” des Bösen programmiert. *** ***You prefer reading me in English?*** *You can find my first uncensorable articles written with our Pareto client via Nostr,* ***[clicking on this link.](https://pareto.space/u/ashoka@pareto.space)*** *Discover other authors at* ***[Pareto.space/read.](https://pareto.space/read)(click on the Pareto button to see our first authors).*** [](https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto%2Cq_auto%3Agood%2Cfl_progressive%3Asteep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc33bfce1-1a89-42ff-a89f-e1fbd7edfac4_2382x1272.png) *** ***Join the marketplace of ideas!** We are building a publishing ecosystem on Nostr for citizen-journalism, starting with a client for blogging and newsletter distribution. Sound money and sound information should finally be in the hands of the people, right? Want to learn more about the [Pareto Project](https://pareto.space/en)? Zap me, if you want to contribute (all Zaps go to the project).* *Are you a publication or journalist and want to be part of it, test us, migrate your content to Nostr? Write to **<team@pareto.space>*** **Not yet on** **[Nostr](https://nostr.com/)** **and want the full experience?** Easy onboarding via **[Start.](https://start.njump.me/)** We have started a crowdfunding campaign on **[Geyser.](https://geyser.fund/project/pareto?hero=geyser)** **We are in the Top 3 in February, thank you for the support!**  *** **Sie wollen meine Artikel auch per Email bekommen?** **[Hier](https://pareto.space/u/ashoka@pareto.space#subscribe)** **können Sie sich eintragen für den Newsletter (max. 1-2 x pro Woche).**

@ 5afdec5b:2d631be1

# Bitcoin: The Future of Collateralized Loans _Bitcoin is transforming the financial landscape, not just as a digital currency but arguably as the best form of collateral for unlocking liquidity. At Lendasat, we're pioneering this shift by working towards a trustless, self-custodial lending platform that lets users borrow against their Bitcoin without selling it. Let's explore Bitcoin's unmatched value as collateral and how Lendasat's innovative approach - with Discreet Log Contracts (DLCs) and integrations - make borrowing secure, simple, and practical. Bitcoin unlocks cash access without letting it go._  --- ## Why Bitcoin Stands Out as Collateral ##### Bitcoin's intrinsic properties set it apart from traditional assets like real estate or stocks: 🌐 **Decentralized Control:** No intermediaries, ensuring transparency and independence. 💧 **Ultimate Liquidity:** Bitcoin is one of the most liquid assets in the world, tradable 24/7 without interruption. Unlike traditional markets with public holidays, and weekend downtime, Bitcoin operates continuously, allowing transactions at any time from anywhere. ✅ **Capped Supply:** Only 21 million coins will ever exist, shielding it from dilution/inflation. 🔒 **Robust Security:** Backed by cryptography and a global mining network, Bitcoin is portable, durable, and verifiable. These qualities make Bitcoin an ideal foundation for lending, a vision Lendasat brings to life. Our app leverages Bitcoin's censorship-resistant nature to offer a collateral option that traditional assets can't rival. ## The "Buy, Borrow, Die" Strategy: A Smart Money Move Now Available For Everyone  > For those unfamiliar, the "buy, borrow, die" strategy involves buying assets, borrowing against them for liquidity, and holding until death to pass on the assets with a stepped-up basis, minimizing taxes. Savvy investors and businesses often borrow against their holdings rather than sell them. Why? It's a tax-efficient way to access cash while retaining ownership and future gains. With Bitcoin, this approach is even more compelling: 🏷️ **Tax Advantage:** No capital gains taxes when borrowing instead of selling. 🔒 **Ownership Retention:** Keep your Bitcoin and its potential upside. 📈 **Growth Exposure:** Benefit from Bitcoin's long-term appreciation. Lendasat's motto, **"Get the bread you need without having to part with your corn"** encapsulates this strategy. We empower users to tap into their Bitcoin's value without sacrificing their stake in its future. Bitcoin gives access to practices that were previously reserved to the wealthiest individuals and companies. ℹ️ **Note:** Tax benefits may vary depending on your jurisdiction. Please consult with a tax professional. ## Lendasat's Vision: Seamless Lending Process ##### Lendasat, in its public release, will make Bitcoin-backed loans straightforward and secure. Here's how it works: 1. Secure Your Bitcoin: Lock your BTC in a Discreet Log Contract (DLC), a "smart contract" that eliminates counterparty risk while keeping you in control 2. Borrow Stablecoins: Receive stablecoins at an average 50% loan-to-value ratio (e.g., $50,000 for $100,000 in BTC), balancing liquidity with safety. 3. Spend Anywhere: Use our spending tools and off-ramps integrations to spend loan funds effortlessly in the real world, as an example, with a Virtual Card for online shopping - launched in our closed beta. This peer-to-peer process makes KYC optional, prioritizing privacy and accessibility. ## Who Benefits from Lendasat? ##### Our app serves a wide range of users: **Borrowers:** - Unlock cash without selling Bitcoin. - Enjoy tax savings and growth potential. - Spend easily with the virtual debit card. **Lenders:** - Earn guaranteed returns on overcollateralized loans. - Reduce risk with Bitcoin's security. - Diversify investments with a cutting-edge asset. Lendasat's self-custodial design ensures both parties retain autonomy, with DLCs handling the heavy lifting. ## Real-World Applications ##### Bitcoin collateral isn't just for individuals - it's a game-changer for businesses: **Businesses:** Fund expansion or operations without diluting equity or selling BTC. **Miners:** Cover costs like electricity bills by borrowing against mined Bitcoin, avoiding sales at low prices. Lendasat supports these scenarios with flexible solutions, and we're exploring enhancements like on-ramps integration for bank transfer repayments to streamline the experience. ## The Future of Bitcoin Collateral ##### Bitcoin's role as collateral is only beginning. Emerging possibilities include: **Credit Lines:** Bitcoin-backed spending options akin to traditional credit. **Institutional Use:** Large-scale financing for companies and even governments. While Bitcoin is currently primarily used as a store of value, its potential as a medium of exchange is still developing. Lendasat's platform is designed to adapt to Bitcoin's evolving role in the financial ecosystem, whether it remains a collateral asset or becomes widely used for transactions. Lendasat is driving this future by refining our platform, focusing on user-friendly on/off ramps and practical spending tools to make Bitcoin loans a financial mainstay. ## What Sets Lendasat Apart? ##### Lendasat isn't just another lending platform - it aims to be the leader in Bitcoin finance: **Trustless System:** DLCs ensure security without third-party custody. **Practical Tools:** The virtual debit card bridges DeFi and daily life. **User-Centric:** Optional KYC, no credit checks, and flexible repayment options in development. **Mission-Driven:** We're here to empower financial freedom through Bitcoin. These strengths make Lendasat the premier choice for leveraging Bitcoin as collateral. ## Challenges and Considerations ##### While Bitcoin-backed loans offer many advantages, there are risks to consider: **Volatility:** Bitcoin's price can be volatile, which may lead to liquidation if the value drops significantly. **User Experience:** Managing DLCs and understanding the lending process may be complex for some users. At Lendasat, we're actively working to mitigate these risks through user education, robust platform design, and ongoing development of user-friendly features. # Conclusion: Bitcoin's Full Potential Bitcoin isn't just money - It is the best collateral in the making ever discovered, blending security, liquidity, and growth. Lendasat brings this power to your fingertips with a platform that's secure, intuitive, and built for the future. Whether you're funding a dream or growing a business, we've got you covered. Ready to borrow without selling? Dive into [https://Lendasat.com](https://Lendasat.com) and see how your Bitcoin can work harder for you. ## Quick Comparison: Traditional vs. Lendasat's Bitcoin Collateral  This snapshot underscores why Bitcoin, paired with Lendasat, is rewriting the rules of collateral. ## Help Us To Achieve Our Vision! Want to be part of the journey? Join our waiting list or, even better, connect with us on Discord to get yourself an invite code and try our app and share your thoughts! Stay tuned, and as always, stay sovereign. 

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Adopting Inversion Thinking, a mental model championed by Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett, can enhance decision-making and problem-solving by focusing on potential pitfalls to avoid. This approach involves considering the opposite of your desired outcome to identify and mitigate risks effectively. --- ## Understanding Inversion Thinking - **Definition:** Inversion Thinking entails approaching problems by asking, "What could cause failure?" rather than solely focusing on achieving success. This perspective helps in uncovering obstacles and errors that might be overlooked when only considering positive outcomes. --- ## Examples in Practice - **Charlie Munger's Approach:** Munger emphasizes solving problems by inverting them. For instance, instead of asking how to be successful, he suggests identifying what actions could lead to failure and then avoiding those actions. [FS.BLOG](https://fs.blog) - **Warren Buffett's Investment Strategy:** Buffett applies inversion by considering what factors could cause an investment to fail, such as poor management or unsustainable business models, and avoids investments with these red flags. --- ## Implementing Inversion Thinking 1. **Define the Problem:** Clearly articulate the challenge or goal you are addressing. 2. **Invert the Problem:** Ask what actions or factors could lead to the opposite of your desired outcome. 3. **Identify Preventative Measures:** Determine strategies to avoid these negative actions or factors. 4. **Apply Insights to Decision-Making:** Use the information gathered to inform your choices, focusing on avoiding identified pitfalls. --- ## Action Step Consider a current goal or project. Apply inversion by asking, "What steps could lead to failure in this endeavor?" List these potential pitfalls and develop strategies to prevent them, thereby increasing the likelihood of success. --- By integrating Inversion Thinking into your decision-making process, you can proactively address potential challenges, leading to more robust and resilient strategies. ---

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Jeff Bezos, Sam Altman, and Elon Musk follow a critical decision-making principle: never let past investments dictate future choices. Instead of holding onto failing projects due to time, money, or effort already spent, successful entrepreneurs cut losses quickly and reallocate resources toward higher-impact opportunities. --- ## Why Avoiding Sunk Costs Matters - **Frees Up Resources for Better Opportunities:** The more time you spend on a failing project, the fewer resources you have to invest in something that could succeed. - **Prevents Emotional Bias in Decision-Making:** Many people stick with bad decisions because they feel committed, rather than assessing future potential objectively. - **Increases Agility & Competitive Edge:** Being able to pivot quickly allows you to adapt to market changes faster than competitors. --- ## Example in Action: Bezos, Musk & Altman - **Jeff Bezos & the Fire Phone:** Amazon heavily invested in its Fire Phone, but when it failed, Bezos shut it down and redirected efforts to Alexa and AWS, which became massive successes. - **Elon Musk & Tesla Model S Plaid+:** Tesla had planned a Model S Plaid+ variant, but Musk canceled it, realizing it no longer made strategic sense in Tesla’s long-term roadmap. - **Sam Altman & Startup Strategy:** Altman constantly advises founders to evaluate if they’re on the best path—not just the one they’ve already invested in. He encourages entrepreneurs to pivot fast rather than waste time on failing ideas. --- ## How to Apply This Principle 1. **Identify Projects You’re Holding Onto for the Wrong Reasons** *Ask:* Would I start this today knowing what I now know? 2. **Focus on Future Potential, Not Past Investment** Look at the expected future return rather than the money or effort already spent. 3. **Be Willing to Pivot or Cut Losses Quickly** If a project no longer aligns with your long-term vision, redirect resources elsewhere. --- ## Action Step: Audit Your Current Projects - 👉 Are you continuing something just because of past investment rather than future potential? - 👉 If so, consider pivoting or cutting it today. --- By avoiding the sunk cost fallacy, you can stay flexible, maximize impact, and ensure you’re always focused on the best opportunities ahead.

@ f6488c62:c929299d

เมื่อกระแสข่าวเรื่อง Government Shutdown ของสหรัฐฯ เริ่มร้อนแรงขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ โดยแพลตฟอร์มอย่าง Polymarket บ่งชี้ว่าความเป็นไปได้ของเหตุการณ์นี้พุ่งขึ้นถึง 50% หลายคนอาจสงสัยว่ามันเกี่ยวอะไรกับตลาดคริปโต โดยเฉพาะกลุ่ม เหรียญมีม (Meme Coins) ที่ดูเหมือนจะอยู่นอกเหนือระบบเศรษฐกิจแบบดั้งเดิม แต่ความจริงแล้ว การปิดตัวของรัฐบาลกลางสหรัฐฯ อาจส่งผลกระทบทั้งทางตรงและทางอ้อมต่อตลาดเหรียญมีมอย่างหลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้ มาดูกันว่า โอกาส และ ความเสี่ยง ของสาวกเหรียญมีมในสถานการณ์เช่นนี้มีอะไรบ้าง 🎯 โอกาสสำหรับเหรียญมีม กระแสการเงินไหลเข้าสินทรัพย์เสี่ยงสูง (High-risk assets) หากนักลงทุนเชื่อว่า Shutdown จะทำให้ธนาคารกลางสหรัฐ (Fed) ต้องผ่อนคลายนโยบายการเงินในอนาคตเพื่อลดผลกระทบทางเศรษฐกิจ เงินทุนอาจไหลเข้าสินทรัพย์เสี่ยงอย่างคริปโต รวมถึงเหรียญมีมที่มักมีการเคลื่อนไหวรุนแรงเกินจริง เหรียญอย่าง DOGE, SHIBA หรือ PEPE อาจได้ประโยชน์จากความคลั่งไคล้และกระแส "ซื้อเพราะมันตลก" ที่เคยเกิดขึ้นในอดีต ชุมชนออนไลน์มีบทบาทมากขึ้น การปิดตัวของหน่วยงานรัฐอาจกระตุ้นความไม่พอใจในหมู่ประชาชน ส่งผลให้การเคลื่อนไหวทางออนไลน์เพิ่มขึ้น สังคมคริปโต โดยเฉพาะกลุ่มเหรียญมีม อาจใช้โอกาสนี้เพื่อสร้างกระแสหรือหาเหตุผลสนุก ๆ ในการผลักดันเหรียญ ตัวอย่าง: แคมเปญ "Shutdown? Buy DOGE!" หรือ "Government off, PEPE on!" อาจกลายเป็นไวรัลได้ Narrative ใหม่ ๆ เพื่อดึงนักลงทุน โปรเจกต์เหรียญมีมอาจสร้างเรื่องราวใหม่ ๆ เพื่อเชื่อมโยงกับเหตุการณ์ เช่น การล้อเลียนการเมืองหรือสร้างโทเค็นเชิงสัญลักษณ์เพื่อประท้วงรัฐบาล ดึงดูดนักลงทุนที่มองหาทางออกจากความวุ่นวายของระบบดั้งเดิม ⚠️ ความเสี่ยงสำหรับเหรียญมีม ภาวะเสี่ยงต่ำ (Risk-off sentiment) ในช่วงแรกของ Shutdown นักลงทุนมักถอยกลับไปถือ เงินดอลลาร์ (USD) หรือสินทรัพย์ปลอดภัย เช่น ทองคำ ส่งผลให้ตลาดคริปโตตกลงอย่างหนัก รวมถึงเหรียญมีมที่มีความผันผวนสูงและไม่มีมูลค่าพื้นฐาน ความเชื่อมั่นที่ลดลงนี้อาจทำให้ราคาเหรียญมีมดิ่งลงแบบไร้จุดหมาย ขาดสภาพคล่อง (Liquidity crunch) หากเศรษฐกิจชะงัก นักลงทุนรายย่อยอาจไม่มีเงินสดมาปั่นราคาหรือเก็งกำไรเหรียญมีมได้เหมือนเดิม ทำให้การเคลื่อนไหวของราคาเหรียญมีมซบเซา เหรียญเล็ก ๆ ที่อาศัยชุมชนเป็นหลัก อาจเผชิญกับปัญหาสภาพคล่องอย่างรุนแรง ความเสี่ยงด้านกฎระเบียบ แม้ Shutdown จะทำให้หน่วยงานกำกับดูแลบางส่วนหยุดทำงาน แต่ในระยะยาว หากรัฐบาลกลับมาพร้อมนโยบายคุมเข้ม ตลาดคริปโตอาจเจอแรงกดดันเพิ่มเติม ซึ่งอาจส่งผลลบต่อเหรียญมีมที่มักถูกมองว่าเป็นสินทรัพย์ "เก็งกำไรสูงสุด" 🚀 สรุป: เตรียมตัวรับมือยังไง? นักลงทุนสายเหรียญมีม ควรติดตามข่าวสารทั้งเรื่อง Shutdown และทิศทางของ Fed อย่างใกล้ชิด เพราะเหตุการณ์เหล่านี้สามารถเปลี่ยนทิศทางตลาดได้อย่างฉับพลัน วางแผนการลงทุน โดยแบ่งพอร์ตอย่างชาญฉลาด ไม่ทุ่มหมดหน้าตักกับเหรียญมีม และเตรียมเงินสดไว้เผื่อโอกาสซื้อเพิ่มหากราคาตกหนัก สร้างและติดตามกระแสออนไลน์ หากคุณเป็นแฟนเหรียญมีม การเคลื่อนไหวในโซเชียลมีเดียอาจเป็นตัวแปรสำคัญในการดันราคา ดังนั้นการร่วมชุมชนหรือมีส่วนร่วมในแคมเปญต่าง ๆ อาจช่วยให้เหรียญมีมของคุณกลับมาเป็นที่สนใจ สุดท้ายแล้ว Government Shutdown อาจเป็นทั้งโอกาสและความเสี่ยง แต่สำหรับสาวกเหรียญมีมแล้ว บางที "ความวุ่นวาย" อาจเป็นเชื้อไฟที่ทำให้ตลาดนี้ลุกเป็นไฟได้อีกครั้ง 🔥

@ 8947a945:9bfcf626

## Chef's notes https://video.nostr.build/ea19333ab7f700a6557b6f52f1f8cfe214671444687fa7ea56a18e5d751fe0a9.mp4 https://video.nostr.build/bcae8d39e22f66689d51f34e44ecabdf7a57b5099cc456e3e0f29446b1dfd0de.mp4 ## Details - ⏲️ Prep time: 5 min - 🍳 Cook time: 5 min - 🍽️ Servings: 1 ## Ingredients - ไข่ 1 - 2 ฟอง - ข้าวโอ๊ต 3 - 4 ช้อน ## Directions 1. ตอกไข่ + ตีไข่ 2. ปรุงรส พริกไทย หรือ ซอสถั่วเหลืองตามชอบ 3. ใส่ข้าวโอ๊ต 3 - 4 ช้อน 4. ใส่ถั่วลิสงอบ 1 - 2 หยิบมือ 5. เทน้ำใส่พอท่วมข้าวโอ๊ต 6. เข้าไมโครเวฟ ไฟแรง 1 - 2 นาที

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers! Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon! A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats. So stay a while and listen. 🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨 🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨 originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899482

@ d830ee7b:4e61cd62

ในชีวิตประจำวัน เรามักวัดมูลค่าของสิ่งต่างๆ ด้วยหน่วยเงินที่เราคุ้นเคย เช่น บาทหรือดอลลาร์ เราดีใจเมื่อการลงทุนของเรา **“เพิ่มขึ้น”** ในหน่วยเงินเหล่านั้น ..แต่น้อยคนนักจะหยุดคิดว่าไม้บรรทัดที่เราใช้วัดมูลค่านั้นมีความมั่นคงเพียงใด หากไม้บรรทัดเองหดสั้นลงเรื่อยๆ สิ่งของที่เราวัดอาจดูเหมือนยาวขึ้นทั้งที่ความจริงไม่ได้เปลี่ยนไปเลย แนวคิดนี้สะท้อนถึงการวัดมูลค่าทางเศรษฐกิจในหน่วยเงินที่เปลี่ยนแปลงตลอดเวลา และนำเราไปสู่หลักการเรื่อง **"ค่าเสียโอกาส" (opportunity cost)** ในการลงทุน เมื่อเราเลือกถือสินทรัพย์ชนิดหนึ่ง เรากำลังสละโอกาสที่จะได้ผลตอบแทนจากอีกชนิดหนึ่งเสมอ การทำความเข้าใจว่าอะไรเป็นตัววัดมาตรฐานของเราและค่าเสียโอกาสที่ตามมา จึงเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นในการสำรวจมุมมองใหม่ของการประเมินความมั่งคั่ง ในบริบทนี้.. **บิตคอยน์** (Bitcoin) ได้ถูกเสนอขึ้นมาเป็น **“มาตรฐาน”** ใหม่ในการวัดมูลค่ว เสมือนกับที่ทองคำเคยเป็นมาตรฐานการเงินของโลกในอดีต หนังสือ **The Bitcoin Standard** ของ Saifedean Ammous ชวนเราคิดว่า Bitcoin อาจกลายเป็นเหมือน **“มาตรฐานทองคำ”** ยุคดิจิทัล ที่มารองรับระบบการเงินสากลในอนาคต เหตุผลสำคัญที่ Bitcoin ถูกมองว่าเป็นเงินตราที่มีความแข็งแกร่ง (sound money) คือคุณสมบัติที่หาได้ยากในเงินสกุลปัจจุบัน มันมีปริมาณจำกัดตายตัว 21 ล้านหน่วย ไม่มีธนาคารกลางใดสามารถพิมพ์เพิ่มได้ตามใจชอบ ต่างจากเงินเฟียต (Fiat money) อย่างดอลลาร์ ที่จำนวนเพิ่มขึ้นตลอดเวลาจากนโยบายรัฐ ผลคือ Bitcoin มีความทนทานต่อภาวะค่าเงินเสื่อมค่าจากเงินเฟ้อ และสามารถรักษามูลค่าได้ในระยะยาวดุจทองคำในอดีต หลายคนจึงยกให้มันเป็น **“Sound Money”** หรือเงินที่มั่นคง เชื่อถือได้ในด้านมูลค่าเมื่อเวลาผ่านไป แนวคิดนี้เองเปิดประตูไปสู่การใช้ Bitcoin เป็นหน่วยวัดเปรียบเทียบมูลค่าสินทรัพย์อื่นๆ เพื่อมองภาพเศรษฐกิจในมุมใหม่ - - - ลองจินตนาการกราฟหนึ่งที่นำดัชนีหุ้นชั้นนำอย่าง S&P 500 มาเปรียบเทียบในหน่วย Bitcoin แทนที่จะเป็นดอลลาร์ กราฟนี้จะแสดงให้เราเห็นภาพที่ต่างออกไปอย่างมากจากกราฟปกติที่คุ้นเคย https://nostr.download/e344db050a8f6b023b2a9c7883560ad8a7be3fc4154d3908cbae3471b970272a.webp หากย้อนไปช่วงปี 2011 หุ้น S&P 500 อยู่ที่ราว 1,300 จุด ขณะที่บิตคอยน์มีราคายังไม่ถึง 1 ดอลลาร์ นั่นหมายความว่าดัชนี S&P 500 ในเวลานั้นมีมูลค่าประมาณ 1,300 BTC แต่เมื่อเวลาผ่านไป Bitcoin มีราคาสูงขึ้นมหาศาล ในปี 2021–2022 Bitcoin (เคยพุ่งขึ้นไปแตะหลักหลายหมื่นดอลลาร์ต่อ 1 BTC) ทำให้มูลค่าของ S&P 500 เมื่อวัดในหน่วย BTC กลับกลายเป็นเพียงเศษเสี้ยวของที่เคยเป็น สมมติ S&P 500 ล่าสุดอยู่แถว 4,000 จุด และราคา BTC อยู่หลักแสนดอลลาร์ ดัชนี S&P 500 ทั้งดัชนีอาจมีค่าไม่ถึง 0.05 BTC ด้วยซ้ำ ผลลัพธ์ที่สะท้อนออกมาบนกราฟคือเส้นค่าของ S&P 500 (เมื่อวัดด้วย BTC) ที่มีแนวโน้มลดลงเรื่อยๆ ตลอดทศวรรษที่ผ่านมา แปลความได้ว่า.. บิตคอยน์มีมูลค่าเพิ่มขึ้นเมื่อเทียบกับสินทรัพย์การเงินดั้งเดิมอย่างหุ้น ถึงขั้นที่... **การถือ Bitcoin ไว้ให้ผลตอบแทนดีกว่าการลงทุนในดัชนีหุ้นใหญ่เสียอีกในช่วงเวลาที่ผ่านมา** แม้จะฟังดูเหลือเชื่อ แต่นี่คือภาพที่ข้อมูลได้บอกเรา.. ในมุมมองของมาตรฐาน Bitcoin ตลาดหุ้นสหรัฐฯ ที่ว่าทำผลตอบแทนโดดเด่น ยังดูซีดเซียวลงในทันที ข้อมูลในช่วงสิบปีให้หลังตอกย้ำภาพนี้อย่างชัดเจน ผลตอบแทนของ Bitcoin เหนือกว่าสินทรัพย์แทบทุกชนิดที่เรารู้จักในยุคปัจจุบัน ในเชิงตัวเลข Bitcoin ให้ผลตอบแทนเฉลี่ยต่อปีราว 230% ตลอดทศวรรษ 2011–2021 ขณะที่ดัชนี S&P 500 ซึ่งขึ้นชื่อว่าให้ผลตอบแทนดีสม่ำเสมอ ยังมีค่าเฉลี่ยผลตอบแทนต่อปีประมาณ 10% กว่าๆ เท่านั้นเอง เมื่อนำมาคำนวณทบต้น นั่นหมายความว่า.. ในช่วงเวลาประมาณ 10 ปีที่ผ่านมา มูลค่าของ Bitcoin เพิ่มขึ้นหลักหลายหมื่นเปอร์เซ็นต์ ในขณะที่ S&P 500 เพิ่มขึ้นเพียงไม่กี่ร้อยเปอร์เซ็นต์ **ผลต่างระดับนี้ใหญ่พอที่จะเปลี่ยนวิธีที่เรามองความสำเร็จในการลงทุนไปเลยทีเดียว** มีการสังเกตด้วยว่าเพียงช่วงห้าปีหลังสุด ดัชนี S&P 500 สูญเสียมูลค่าประมาณเกือบ 90% หากวัดในหน่วยของบิตคอยน์ พูดอีกอย่างคือ.. ในสายตาของคนที่ถือ Bitcoin ไว้เป็นเกณฑ์ *"เงิน 100 บาทที่ลงทุนในหุ้นเมื่อต้นช่วงเวลาดังกล่าว จะเหลือมูลค่าเพียงประมาณ 10 บาทเท่านั้นในปัจจุบัน** (เพราะ 90 บาทที่เหลือคือค่าเสียโอกาสที่หายไปเมื่อเทียบกับการถือ Bitcoin) มุมมองแบบนี้ชวนให้เราตั้งคำถามว่า ที่ผ่านมาสินทรัพย์ที่ดูเหมือนมั่นคงปลอดภัย อาจไม่ปลอดภัยอย่างที่คิดเมื่อประเมินด้วยบรรทัดฐานใหม่ การเปรียบเทียบข้างต้นยังสะท้อนถึง ปัญหาการเสื่อมค่าของเงินเฟียต ซึ่งเราคุ้นเคยแต่บางครั้งมองข้ามความร้ายกาจของมัน เงินดอลลาร์สหรัฐซึ่งเป็นสกุลเงินหลักของโลก สูญเสียอำนาจซื้อไปแล้วกว่า 96% ตั้งแต่ปี 1913 จนถึงปัจจุบัน (กล่าวคือ เงิน 1 ดอลลาร์ในสมัยนั้นมีค่าพอๆ กับเงินเกือบ 30 ดอลลาร์ในปัจจุบัน) การที่ค่าเงินด้อยค่าลงเรื่อยๆ แบบนี้หมายความว่า **ตัวเลขราคาในหน่วยเงินเฟียตอาจเพิ่มขึ้นทั้งที่มูลค่าที่แท้จริงไม่เพิ่ม** ยกตัวอย่างเช่น ดัชนี S&P 500 ทำจุดสูงสุดใหม่เป็นประวัติการณ์ในหน่วยดอลลาร์สหรัฐอยู่บ่อยครั้ง แต่หากปรับค่าด้วยปัจจัยเงินเฟ้อหรือปริมาณเงินที่พิมพ์เพิ่มเข้าไป เราจะพบว่ามูลค่าที่แท้จริงของดัชนีนี้ไม่ได้เพิ่มขึ้นมากอย่างที่เห็น บางการวิเคราะห์ชี้ว่าหลังวิกฤตการเงินปี 2008 เป็นต้นมา แม้ดัชนี S&P 500 ในตัวเลขจะพุ่งขึ้นไม่หยุด แต่เมื่อหารด้วยปริมาณเงินที่เพิ่มขึ้น (เช่น M3) เส้นกราฟที่ได้กลับแทบไม่สูงไปกว่าจุดก่อนวิกฤตเลยด้วยซ้ำ หมายความว่า.. ที่ราคาหุ้นสูงขึ้น ส่วนใหญ่ก็เพื่อไล่ตามสภาพคล่องเงินที่ไหลเข้าระบบเท่านั้น ไม่ได้สะท้อนการเติบโตแท้จริงของเศรษฐกิจมากนัก เงินเฟ้อและการขยายตัวของปริมาณเงินจึงเปรียบเสมือน **“หมอก”** ที่บังตา ทำให้เรามองไม่ชัดว่าสิ่งใดเพิ่มมูลค่าแท้จริง สิ่งใดแค่ตัวเลขฟูขึ้นตามสกุลเงินที่ด้อยค่าลง เมื่อ Bitcoin ถูกใช้เป็นหน่วยวัดเปรียบเทียบ มันทำหน้าที่เสมือนกระจกใสที่กวาดเอาหมอกเงินเฟ้อนั้นออกไป เราจึงเห็นภาพที่ต่างไปโดยสิ้นเชิง เช่นเดียวกับกรณีที่เราเปรียบเทียบราคาสินค้าโภคภัณฑ์บางอย่างในหน่วย BTC ผลลัพธ์ก็อาจกลับทิศ การทดลองหนึ่งของธนาคารเฟด สาขาเซนต์หลุยส์ เคยเล่นเปรียบเทียบราคา **“ไข่ไก่หนึ่งโหล”** ในหน่วยดอลลาร์กับในหน่วยบิตคอยน์ ปรากฏว่า... แม้ต้องการจะชี้ให้เห็นความผันผวนของ Bitcoin แต่ดันกลับตอกย้ำความจริงที่ว่า ในช่วงเงินเฟ้อสูง ราคาฟองไข่ที่ดูเพิ่มขึ้นเรื่อยๆ ในหน่วยดอลลาร์ จริงๆ แล้วทรงตัวหรือลดลงด้วยซ้ำเมื่อคิดเป็น BTC นี่เป็นตัวอย่างสนุกๆ ที่บอกเราว่า กรอบอ้างอิง (frame of reference) ในการวัดมูลค่านั้นสำคัญเพียงใด แน่นอนว่า Bitcoin เองก็มีความผันผวนสูงและยังอยู่ในช่วงเริ่มต้นเมื่อเทียบกับสินทรัพย์ดั้งเดิม การที่มันพุ่งทะยานหลายหมื่นเปอร์เซ็นต์ที่ผ่านมาไม่ได้รับประกันว่ากราฟในหน่วย BTC ของสินทรัพย์ต่างๆ จะดิ่งลงอย่างนี้ไปตลอด แต่สิ่งที่เกิดขึ้นแล้วได้ให้แง่คิดทางปรัชญาการเงินที่ลึกซึ้งกับเรา อย่างแรกคือเรื่อง **ค่าเสียโอกาส** ที่กล่าวถึงตอนต้น ทุกการตัดสินใจทางการเงินมีต้นทุนค่าเสียโอกาสแฝงอยู่เสมอ เพียงแต่เมื่อก่อนเราอาจไม่เห็นมันชัดเจน การเก็บออมเงินสดไว้เฉยๆ ในธนาคารมีต้นทุนคือผลตอบแทนที่สูญไปหากเราเลือกลงทุนอย่างอื่น การลงทุนในสินทรัพย์ A ก็ย่อมหมายถึงการไม่ได้ลงทุนในสินทรัพย์ B หาก B นั้นให้ผลตอบแทนสูงกว่า เราก็สูญเสียส่วนต่างนั้นไป สิบกว่าปีที่ผ่านมา Bitcoin ทำผลงานได้เหนือชั้นกว่าสินทรัพย์อื่นๆ มาก ค่าเสียโอกาสของการไม่ถือ Bitcoin จึงสูงลิ่วในช่วงนี้ สำหรับนักลงทุนที่มองย้อนกลับไป นี่คือบทเรียนราคาแพง บางคนอาจนึกเสียดายว่า **“รู้งี้ซื้อบิตคอยน์ไว้ตั้งแต่แรกซะก็ดี”** แต่ประเด็นไม่ได้อยู่ที่การเสียดายอดีต แต่อยู่ที่ **การตระหนักรู้ถึงค่าเสียโอกาสและผลกระทบของมันที่มีต่อความมั่งคั่งของเราในระยะยาว** ต่างหาก อีกแง่หนึ่งที่ลึกกว่านั้นคือเรื่อง **กรอบในการวัดมูลค่า** ของเราทุกวันนี้ว่าเหมาะสมแล้วหรือไม่ หากการที่เราใช้เงินเฟียตที่เสื่อมค่าเป็นตัววัด ทำให้เราประเมินค่าของสิ่งต่างๆ ผิดเพี้ยนไป การตัดสินใจทางเศรษฐกิจของเราก็อาจผิดทิศทางในระยะยาวได้ ลองนึกภาพว่า.. ถ้าเงินที่เราใช้อยู่มีมูลค่าเสถียรหรือเพิ่มขึ้นตามประสิทธิภาพการผลิตจริงๆ ของเศรษฐกิจ (เหมือนที่เงิน Bitcoin ถูกออกแบบมาให้ไม่เสื่อมค่าไปตามกาลเวลา) เราอาจไม่จำเป็นต้องวิ่งไล่หาผลตอบแทนสูงๆ เพียงเพื่อรักษามูลค่าเงินออมของตัวเองให้ทันเงินเฟ้อ ผู้คนอาจวางแผนการเงินระยะยาวขึ้น แนวคิดเรื่อง **“เวลาที่ต้องใช้”** กับ **“อัตราส่วนลดของอนาคต”** (time preference) ก็จะเปลี่ยนไป ดังที่ Ammous กล่าวไว้ใน The Bitcoin Standard ว่าเงินที่มีเสถียรภาพจะส่งเสริมให้คนออมและลงทุนในโครงการระยะยาวมากขึ้น ผิดกับระบบเงินเฟ้อที่ชักจูงให้ผู้คนรีบใช้จ่ายหรือเข้าร่วมเก็งกำไรระยะสั้นเพราะกลัวว่าเงินจะด้อยค่าไป นี่ไม่ใช่แค่เรื่องการเงินส่วนบุคคล แต่สะท้อนถึงคุณภาพของการเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจและนวัตกรรมในสังคมโดยรวมด้วย หากเรามีหน่วยวัดมูลค่าที่เที่ยงตรง ไม่บิดเบือนไปตามนโยบายการเงินรายวัน เราก็อาจประเมินโครงการต่างๆ ได้ตามศักยภาพที่แท้จริงมากขึ้น เงินเฟ้อและการพิมพ์เงินจำนวนมากมักทำให้เกิดการลงทุนผิดที่ผิดทาง (malinvestment) เพราะสัญญาณราคาถูกบิดเบือน เช่น ดอกเบี้ยที่ต่ำผิดปกติอาจทำให้เกิดหนี้ล้นเกินหรือลงทุนในโครงการที่ไม่ยั่งยืน ในขณะที่มาตรฐานเงินที่เข้มงวดอย่าง Bitcoin อาจบังคับให้ทุกการลงทุนต้องมีเหตุผลรองรับที่แข็งแรงขึ้น เนื่องจากไม่สามารถอาศัยการอัดฉีดสภาพคล่องมาช่วยพยุงได้ง่ายๆ เมื่อมาถึงตรงนี้.. เราอาจไม่ได้ข้อสรุปทันทีว่า **“ต่อไปนี้ฉันควรถือ Bitcoin แทนที่จะลงทุนอย่างอื่น”** และบทความนี้ก็ไม่ได้มีเจตนาจะชี้นำการลงทุนเช่นนั้น เป้าหมายแท้จริงคือการเปิดมุมมองใหม่ว่า เราประเมินคุณค่าของสิ่งต่างๆ อย่างไร ลองตั้งคำถามกับตัวเองว่า.. ทุกวันนี้เราวัดความร่ำรวยหรือความก้าวหน้าทางเศรษฐกิจด้วยหน่วยอะไร หน่วยนั้นวัดได้เที่ยงตรงหรือเปล่า? หากเงินที่เราใช้วัดเองลดค่าลงทุกปีๆ เราจะมั่นใจได้อย่างไรว่าตัวเลขที่เพิ่มขึ้นบนกระดาษคือความมั่งคั่งที่เพิ่มขึ้นจริง? การใช้ Bitcoin เป็นมาตรฐานเทียบเคียง เป็นเสมือนการลองวัดด้วยไม้บรรทัดอีกอันที่อาจตรงกว่าเดิม ในหลายกรณีมันเผยให้เห็นภาพที่เราคาดไม่ถึงและท้าทายความเชื่อเดิมๆ ของเรา บทเรียนที่ได้รับไม่ใช่ให้เราทุกคนเปลี่ยนไปคิดเป็น BTC ในชีวิตประจำวันทันที แต่คือการตระหนักว่า **หน่วยวัดมีความหมาย** และการมองโลกการเงินด้วยหน่วยวัดที่ต่างออกไปสามารถให้ข้อคิดที่ลึกซึ้งได้อย่างไร ท้ายที่สุด ไม่ว่าจะเชื่อใน **“มาตรฐานบิตคอยน์”** หรือไม่นั้น ไม่สำคัญเท่ากับการที่เราได้ฉุกคิดและตั้งคำถามกับระบบที่เราใช้อยู่ทุกเมื่อเชื่อวัน บางทีสิ่งที่ Bitcoin และปรัชญาการเงินแบบใหม่ๆ นำมาให้เรา อาจไม่ใช่คำตอบสำเร็จรูป แต่คือแรงกระตุ้นให้เราเปิดใจมองภาพใหญ่ของเศรษฐกิจในมุมที่กว้างขึ้น ลองพิจารณาปัจจัยพื้นฐานอย่างค่าเงิน เวลา และโอกาสที่สูญเสียไปกับการตัดสินใจต่างๆ อย่างรอบด้านขึ้น เมื่อเราเริ่มมองเห็นว่าการวัดมูลค่าของสิ่งต่างๆ ด้วย **ไม้บรรทัดที่ต่างออกไป** ให้อะไรเราได้บ้าง เราก็จะพร้อมที่จะปรับมุมมองและกลยุทธ์การเงินของตนเองให้เท่าทันโลกที่เปลี่ยนแปลงเสมอ ไม่แน่ว่าในอนาคต เราอาจได้เห็นผู้คนพูดถึงราคาบ้านหรือดัชนีหุ้นในหน่วยบิตคอยน์อย่างเป็นเรื่องปกติ และการคิดเช่นนั้นอาจไม่ใช่เรื่องแปลกใหม่อีกต่อไป เพราะเราได้เรียนรู้ที่จะมองผ่านเปลือกของหน่วยเงิน ไปสู่แก่นแท้ของมูลค่าจริงๆ ที่อยู่เบื้องหลังนั่นเอง ขอบคุณ Thai Ratel สำหรับความกระจ่างในการวัดมูลค่าสินทรัพย์ต่าง ๆ ด้วยบิตคอยน์

@ d830ee7b:4e61cd62

In our daily lives, we often measure the value of things using familiar monetary units such as baht or dollars. We feel delighted when our investments **"increase"** in these units. However, few people stop to consider how stable the measuring stick itself is. If the ruler we use to measure value keeps shrinking, the objects we measure may appear longer, even though their actual size remains unchanged. This concept reflects the way we assess economic value in constantly changing monetary units, leading us to the principle of opportunity cost in investment: when we choose to hold one type of asset, we are always giving up the opportunity to earn returns from another. Understanding what serves as our standard measure and the opportunity costs that come with it is the first step toward exploring a new perspective on wealth assessment. In this context, Bitcoin has been proposed as a new **"standard"** for measuring value, much like gold once served as the global financial standard in the past. Some view Bitcoin as the "digital gold standard" that could support the international financial system in the future. A key reason Bitcoin is considered **"sound money"** is its rarity—something modern currencies lack. Its supply is permanently capped at 21 million units, meaning no central bank can print more at will. This contrasts with fiat money, such as the dollar or baht, which constantly increases in supply due to government policies. As a result, Bitcoin is resistant to inflation-induced depreciation and can retain its value over the long term, much like gold in the past. Many therefore consider it **"sound money"**—a form of currency that is stable and reliable in preserving value over time. This idea opens the door to using Bitcoin as a benchmark for comparing the value of other assets, offering a fresh perspective on the economy. Imagine a graph that compares the leading stock index, **the S&P 500, in Bitcoin terms instead of dollars.**  This graph would reveal a drastically different picture from the conventional charts we are familiar with. Looking back to 2011, the S&P 500 was around 1,300 points, while Bitcoin was priced at less than $1. This means the S&P 500 index was valued at approximately 1,300 BTC at the time. However, as Bitcoin's price surged over the years—reaching tens of thousands of dollars per BTC in 2021–2022—the value of the S&P 500, when measured in BTC, shrank dramatically. Suppose the S&P 500 currently stands at around 4,000 points, while Bitcoin is priced at six figures in dollars. The entire S&P 500 index might be worth less than 0.05 BTC. The resulting graph would show a consistent downward trend in the S&P 500's value **(when measured in BTC)** over the past decade. This means Bitcoin has appreciated relative to traditional financial assets like stocks—to the extent that simply holding Bitcoin has outperformed investing in major stock indices. As surprising as this may seem, the data tells this story: from the perspective of a Bitcoin standard, even the high-performing U.S. stock market appears lackluster. Data from the past decade reinforces this view. Bitcoin has outperformed nearly every asset class known today. In numerical terms, Bitcoin delivered an average annual return of **approximately 230% from 2011 to 2021**, whereas the S&P 500, which is renowned for its consistent performance, achieved an average annual return of just over 10%. When compounded over time, this means Bitcoin's value increased by tens of thousands of percent over the past decade, while the S&P 500's value rose by only a few hundred percent. The magnitude of this difference is significant enough to reshape how we perceive investment success. Observations also indicate that in just **the past five years, the S&P 500 has lost nearly 90% of its value when measured in Bitcoin.** In other words, for someone using Bitcoin as their benchmark, a 100-baht investment in stocks at the beginning of this period would be worth only about 10 baht today—the remaining 90 baht representing the opportunity cost of not holding Bitcoin. This perspective challenges our assumptions about the stability of supposedly safe assets when evaluated under a new standard. This comparison also highlights the issue of fiat currency depreciation—something we are familiar with but often underestimate. The U.S. dollar, the world's primary reserve currency, has **lost over 96% of its purchasing power since 1913**. This means that what $1 could buy back then now requires nearly $30. This ongoing depreciation implies that prices in fiat terms may rise even when real value does not. For example, the S&P 500 frequently reaches all-time highs in U.S. dollar terms. However, when adjusted for inflation or money supply expansion, its real value has not increased as much as it seems. Some analyses suggest that since the 2008 financial crisis, although the S&P 500's nominal value has surged, when divided by the expanding money supply (such as M3), its graph remains largely unchanged from pre-crisis levels. This suggests that stock prices have risen primarily in response to liquidity injections rather than genuine economic growth. Inflation and monetary expansion act like a **"fog,"** obscuring our ability to discern real value from mere numerical increases. When Bitcoin is used as a comparative unit, it acts as a clear lens that removes this inflationary fog, revealing a completely different picture. The same applies when comparing commodity prices in BTC. A notable experiment by the St. Louis Federal Reserve once examined the price of **"a dozen eggs"** in both dollars and Bitcoin. While the study aimed to highlight Bitcoin’s volatility, it inadvertently reinforced the point that during periods of high inflation, the price of eggs, which seemed to rise continuously in dollars, actually remained stable or even declined in BTC terms. This amusing example illustrates the profound impact of measurement standards. Of course, Bitcoin itself is highly volatile and still in its early stages compared to traditional assets. Its meteoric rise over the past decade does not guarantee that all asset graphs in BTC terms will continue declining indefinitely. However, what has already transpired provides deep financial insights. **The first takeaway** is the concept of opportunity cost mentioned earlier—every financial decision has an inherent cost, even if we do not always recognize it. Holding cash in a bank carries the opportunity cost of the returns one could earn by investing elsewhere. Investing in asset A means missing out on asset B, and if B delivers higher returns, we incur that loss. Over the past decade, Bitcoin has outperformed all other assets by a wide margin, making the opportunity cost of not holding Bitcoin extremely high. Investors looking back on this period might regret not having bought Bitcoin earlier, but the key lesson is not about dwelling on past decisions—it is about becoming aware of **opportunity costs** and their long-term impact on wealth. On a deeper level, this discussion raises questions about whether our current valuation framework is truly appropriate. If using a depreciating fiat currency as a benchmark distorts our perception of value, our economic decisions may be misaligned in the long run. Imagine a scenario where money retains or even appreciates in value in line with real economic productivity (as Bitcoin was designed to do). In such a system, people would not need to chase high returns merely to preserve their savings from inflation. They could plan finances with a longer-term perspective. Concepts like **"time preference"** and **"discounting the future"** would shift. It is often argued that sound money encourages saving and long-term investment, whereas inflationary systems push people toward short-term spending or speculation out of fear that their money will lose value. This is not just a matter of personal finance but a fundamental influence on the quality of economic growth and innovation. **A sound money standard** like **Bitcoin** might enforce stricter investment discipline, as liquidity injections could no longer be used as a safety net for unsustainable projects. At this point, readers may not conclude that they should immediately hold Bitcoin instead of investing in other assets—and this article is not intended as investment advice. Its real purpose is to provoke thought about how we measure value. **Ask yourself:** What unit do we use to gauge wealth and economic progress? Is that unit reliable? If the money we use for measurement loses value every year, how can we be sure that increasing numbers on paper reflect true wealth growth? Using Bitcoin as a reference standard is like measuring with a new ruler—one that may be more accurate. In many cases, it reveals unexpected insights and challenges long-held beliefs. Ultimately, whether or not one believes in the **"Bitcoin standard"** is less important than the ability to critically examine the system we rely on daily. Perhaps the greatest value Bitcoin and new financial philosophies offer is not a definitive answer but the impetus to look at the bigger economic picture with fresh eyes. Thank you, Thai Ratel, for enlightening me on this topic! Jakk Goodday.

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

### Standardizing Bitcoin Layer 2 Withdrawals: Output Script Descriptor (BOSD) Jose Storopoli and Trey Del Bonis from Alpen Labs introduced [Output Script Descriptor (BOSD)](https://bitcoinops.org/en/topics/output-script-descriptors/), a standardized withdrawal output format aimed at improving the on-chain withdrawal process for Bitcoin Layer 2s while eliminating reliance on ad-hoc rules. One key issue BOSD addresses is the risk L2 operators face when users request non-standard transactions, such as those with oversized OP\_RETURN outputs. By abstracting complex validation logic into a more manageable format, BOSD helps mitigate these risks and serves as a crucial tool for maintaining the integrity and reliability of Bitcoin’s Layer 2 infrastructure. * [Rust implementation of BOSD](https://crates.io/crates/bitcoin-bosd) * [Specification](https://github.com/alpenlabs/bitcoin-bosd/blob/main/SPECIFICATION.md) ### Allowing Mobile Wallets to Settle Lightning Channels Without Extra UTXOs Bastien Teinturier [introduced](https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/zero-fee-commitments-for-mobile-wallets/1453) an opt-in variant of Lightning Network’s [V3 commitments](https://bitcoinops.org/en/topics/v3-commitments/), enabling mobile wallets to settle channels using funds within the channel even in cases of theft attempts. This removes the need for users to maintain an on-chain UTXO to cover closing fees. ### Custodial Solutions Are Not Solutions Matt Corallo, one of Bitcoin’s most prolific developers, has been vocal about the challenges of non-custodial Bitcoin payment solutions, particularly in the Lightning Network. His article, [*Custodial Solutions Are Not Solutions*](https://spiralbtc.substack.com/p/custodial-solutions-are-not-solutions), critiques the Bitcoin community’s fixation on new custodial models. He argues that too many engineering resources have gone into custodial solutions like Blockstream’s Liquid (a multisig-controlled private blockchain), ecash (blind-signed custodial systems), Spark (Lightspark’s Statechains extension requiring near-total operator trust), and modern Ark variants (which rely heavily on trusted Statechain operators for scalability). While many of these systems offer excellent UX and privacy, they compromise Bitcoin’s core censorship resistance. For now, Corallo believes Lightning remains the only non-custodial solution capable of supporting most Bitcoin users. ### Three Approaches to Solo Mining There is significant debate over what qualifies as *solo mining*. Some define it as a miner earning block rewards alone, while others focus on miners generating their own block templates. To clarify this, the open-source mining advocacy group [256 Foundation](https://256foundation.org/) explored the topic in their recent report, [*Swim at Your Own Risk*](https://256foundation.org/newsletters/256Foundation-Newsletter-2502_v1.pdf), outlining three types of solo mining: * **Self-Hosted Solo Mining:** The miner runs their own Bitcoin node and Stratum server, generates block templates, broadcasts blocks, and keeps all rewards. This is the most "pure" form of solo mining. * **OCEAN Mining**: The miner runs their own Bitcoin node and DATUM gateway, generates block templates, but relies on a pool to broadcast blocks. Miners can choose whether to share rewards with others, and the pool charges a 1% fee. * **Joining a Solo Mining Pool** * The miner operates mining hardware, while the pool provides block templates and broadcasts blocks. Pools supporting this include CK Pool, Braiins Solo Pool (2% fee), and Public Pool (no fees). * While this method involves pools, individual miners still receive direct rewards, making it a hybrid form of solo mining. ### Lightning Network Growth Report Lightning Network service provider Voltage Cloud released a report titled *The Lightning Network: Expanding Bitcoin Use Cases*, highlighting key trends: * More businesses are integrating Lightning, a trend expected to continue through 2025. * Older, inefficient channels deployed between 2018 and 2020 are closing in favor of larger, more efficient ones. * The average total capacity of public Lightning channels is increasing, improving the success rate for larger payments. * If nodes are well-optimized, transaction fees can be near zero, with settlement times under half a second. * The Lightning Network is evolving toward fewer but better-connected nodes rather than many weakly connected ones. * Lightning is proving itself as one of the most efficient transaction methods in the digital asset ecosystem. * Lightning can be seen as a *yield-bearing network*, allowing users to earn without sacrificing Bitcoin custody. [Download](https://www.voltage.cloud/expanding-bitcoin-use-cases) the full report. ### Mempool Block Art Created Through Anomalous Transactions According to [256 Foundation’s monthly report](https://256foundation.org/newsletters/256Foundation-Newsletter-2502_v1.pdf), researcher *boerst* [discovered](https://x.com/boerst/status/1882390953496809484) anomalies involving empty block templates from mining pools like Binance, SECpool, Sigmapool, and EMCD. Earlier, SEC Pool mined [empty block 880496](https://mempool.space/block/00000000000000000000e3f7c2b91609da1394fd9a725fedb8123419188b34ec), which later returned to a normal transaction-included state. These anomalies were linked to SEC Pool engineers configuring block templates to create block art. As a result, [block 880512](https://mempool.space/block/00000000000000000001c3fbc76a7efe7a320a8236ea6250bc15e4f7a67e727d) was shaped into a Satoshi pattern. Additionally, some of the first transactions contained OP\_RETURN messages with the text: *Declaration of Genesis: Awakening on the Bitcoin Network. Bitcoin’s promise of freedom will become an untamperable habitat for AI.*  ### Podcast | SNI: Fractional Reserve Banking is Obsolete The latest episode of *The Reorg*, a podcast by the Satoshi Nakamoto Institute, discusses Pierre Rochard’s article *Fractional Reserve Banking is Obsolete*. The article argues that the fractional reserve banking system leads to capital misallocation and price distortions, inevitably causing economic crises. Bitcoin, on the other hand, provides a safer, more transparent, and more efficient way to store and transfer funds, rendering traditional banking obsolete. Moreover, the increasing adoption of Bitcoin serves as a validation of Austrian economic theory: a 100% reserve banking system can prevent financial crises and economic downturns. A healthy economy expands based on capital goods rather than monetary or credit inflation. [Listen here](https://nakamotoinstitute.org/podcasts/the-reorg/fractional-reserve-banking-is-obsolete/) ### Central Banks Postpone CBDC Plans A survey conducted by the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum (OMFIF) on 34 central banks, titled [*Why central banks should take the next step on CBDCs*](https://www.omfif.org/2025/02/why-central-banks-should-take-the-next-step-on-cbdcs/), reveals that 31% of central banks have delayed their retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) plans. The percentage of central banks inclined to issue a CBDC has dropped from 38% in 2022 to 18%. While this slowdown is a welcome shift, the survey [concludes](https://cointelegraph.com/news/central-banks-pushing-back-cbdc-plans-survey) that most central banks are still likely to issue a CBDC in the future. ### Governments Worldwide Seek to Break Encryption for Data Access Will Jager [reveals](https://www.therage.co/encryption-is-under-siege/) the global trend of governments attempting to bypass encryption protections to access private data. He highlights the growing risks associated with government access to encrypted data, citing examples such as the UK government’s [order to Apple](https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c20g288yldko) to create a backdoor for encrypted iCloud data, the EU’s [Chat Control proposal](https://www.techradar.com/computing/cyber-security/chat-control-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-eu-plan-to-scan-all-your-whatsapp-chats), and the U.S. [EARN IT Act](https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1207), which expands government surveillance over encrypted communications.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na [medium.com](https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/do-not-buy-bitcoin-75da73226530). ###### Autor: [Aleksandar Svetski](https://primal.net/svetski) / Prevod: [₿itcoin Serbia](https://x.com/BTCSRB) --- Nemojte kupovati Bitkoin! Ni danas, ni kasnije, nikada! Posvećeno skepticima, neznalicama, arogantnima i nezainteresovanima. ##### NE TREBA vam Bitkoin. ##### Molim vas. Nemojte ga kupovati. ##### Lično me ne zanima "masovna adopcija". ##### Draža mi je selektivna adopcija. ##### Svinja ne zaslužuje bisere. ##### Na vama je da platite cenu neznanja. ##### Kao i cenu glupavosti. ##### Kada dođe vreme, sa zadovoljstvom ću vam platiti hiljadu satošija mesečno za vaše vreme i smejati se usput.  #### Najbitnija odluka koju ćete ikada doneti NEMA važnije odluke za vašu finansijsku, ekonomsku i suverenu budućnost koju danas možete doneti nego da kupite Bitkoin. A ako ne želite da izdvojite malo vremena da ga dalje proučite, JEDINA osoba koju treba da krivite kasnije ste vi sami. Danas, Bitkoin se nalazi u svojoj ranoj, početnoj fazi. O ovome možete više pročitati ovde (hvala [ObiWan Kenobit](https://obiwankenobit.medium.com/)): [Hiperbitkoinizacija: pobednik uzima sve](https://medium.com/coinmonks/hyperbitcoinization-winner-takes-all-69ab59f9695f) Ovo JE prilika ne samo vašeg života, već verovatno i najveći mogući transfer bogatstva u istoriji, a najluđa stvar je što će se najveći deo toga odigrati u narednih nekoliko decenija. Nalazimo se tek u prvih 12 godina ove promene, a već smo videlo kako je Bitkoin eksplodirao sa $0.008c (kada su za 10.000 BTC kupljene dve pice) na trenutnu cenu od oko $11.500. **Ovo je tek početak.** Tek 0.001% svetskog bogatstva je denominirano u Bitkoinu. Ako sada izdvojite samo trenutak da razumete novac, njegovu ulogu u društvu i kako će ekonomski darvinizam voditi ceo svet prema najrobusnijem, najčvršćem i najsigurnijem obliku očuvanja bogatstva, možete odlučiti da kupite neki deo pre nego što se ostatak sveta priključi. Čitajući ovo, vi ste poput drevnog pojedinca koji je pronašao zlato, dok svi ostali koriste školjke. Razlika je u tome što živite u digitalnom dobu tokom kojeg će se ovaj novac pojaviti i sazreti *za vreme vašeg života*. Taj drevni pojedinac bi bio u pravu ali mrtav zato što je zlatu bilo potrebno nekoliko hiljada godina da uradi ono za šta će Bitkoinu biti potrebne decenije. **Zamislite. Se. Nad. Tim.** I naučite dalje o nastanku Bitkoina ovde: [Zašto je Bitkoin važan](https://medium.com/hackernoon/why-bitcoin-matters-c8bf733b9fad) I za ime ljubavi prema sopstvenoj budućnosti, preuzmite ovu kratku elektronsku knjigu i jebeno se edukujte!! [Preuzmite "Investiranje u Bitkoin"](https://info.amber.app/investing-in-bitcoin) I eto, dajem vam izvore.. jbt.. Svejedno... Danas, imate izbor da kupite Bitkoin; najoskudniji novac u univerzumu, za siću!! Bukvalno možete kupiti hiljade satošija (najmanju jedinicu Bitkoina gde je 100.000.000 satošija = 1 BTC) za $1!!! Danas ne postoji veća prilika, kao što sutradan neće postojati veće žaljenje kada više ne budete imali "izbor" da ga kupite. Kada taj dan bude došao i kada budete to *morali* da prihvatite, setićete se ovih reči, ali avaj, biće prekasno, a vreme ne možete vratiti.  #### Više nije 2012 Tada ste imali izgovor. Sada je 2020... Apsolutno NEMA razloga zašto neko sa malo radoznalosti i relativno funkcionalnim mozgom ne može da prouči šta je Bitkoin, zašto postoji, zašto je važan i zašto bi trebalo da u njega prebaci malo ličnog bogatstva. *Naročito* ako ima prijatelja poput mene ili mnoštvo Bitkoinera negde tamo. Ja više neću smarati ljude sa porukama "*zašto treba kupiti Bitkoin*". Više nije 2012. godina. Danas imamo toliko puno informacija od toliko mnogo dobrih ljudi na svim mogućim medijima, tako da NEMATE IZGOVORA da ga ignorišete ili kažete: "ali niko mi nije rekao". Ukoliko nemate da izdvojite bar malo vremena od vašeg Netflix rasporeda da biste istražili šta je ova stvar i zašto je bitna za vašu ličnu ekonomsku budućnost, onda zaslužujete to što imate. Deluje okrutno ali dobrodošao u život, mladi žutokljunče. Sada... Ako ste izdvojili malo vremena ali ste i dalje nezainteresovani ili dovoljno glupi da ga odbacite, onda zaista zaslužujete to što dolazi i ostatak ovog članka je definitivno za vas. #### Ne želim da uopšte kupite Bitkoin! Ok Aleks, ali šta ćemo sa "masovnom adopcijom"??? Pažljivo me slušajte: ##### Zabole me kurac da li će masovna adopcija doći za 10, 20, 50 ili 100 godina! Ja sam skroz za selektivnu adopciju i potpuno za dugačku igru. Tako da sam spreman da čekam. Kao u SVIM prirodnim, evolutivno funkcionalnim sistemima, oni koji seju i pomažu u izgradnji temelja bi trebalo da budu i nesrazmerno nagrađeni. Ovo je 100% fer i predivno **nejednako** (*neki od vas koji me znate ste upoznati sa mojim stavom o nejednakosti kao najprezrenijem od svih ljudskih ideala. Radi se o odvratnom idealu koji nagrađuje najgore među nama*).  **Tako da za skeptike i "neverne Tome" imam jednostavnu poruku:** Nadam se da nećete uopšte kupiti Bitkoin. *Ni danas ni bilo kada.* Nadam se da će jedini put kada budete stupili u dodir sa Bitkoinom to biti jedini način da za nešto budete isplaćeni; npr. kada budete morali da ga zaradite. Jedva čekam dan kada će mojih nekoliko hiljada satošija moći da kupi tri, četiri ili pet meseci vašeg vremena. A u međuvremenu... **Molim vas**, držite se vašeg fiat novca. **Molim vas**, držite se vaših šitkoina. Ne želim nikoga od vas "blokčejnera", šitkoinera, fiat nokoinera i vas svih ostalih klovnova koji mislite da znate bolje. Ovaj rolerkoster je specijalan, tako da zašto bih želeo da ga delim sa vama glupanderima? Zašto bih bacao bisere pred svinje? Ja verujem u *principe isključivosti.* Ovo nije "kumbaya" ili "svi smo jedno". Jebite se. Sa razlogom smo drugačiji. Napraviću sam svoj krevet i ležati u njemu. Vi napravite svoje. Kada bude došlo vreme, ja ću vam za vaše vreme plaćati satošijima zato što onda nećete imati izbora. Tada ja pobeđujem, a vi gubite. #### Kako sejete, tako žanjete Razlika između mene i vas je ta što ja **kupujem** Bitkoin sada zato što tako **želim**. Vi ćete morati da **radite** za Bitkoin sutra zato što tako **morate**. To je cena neznanja. *To* je cena arogancije. To je cena gluposti koju ćete platiti i, koliko god ovo zvuči okrutno, istina je da *zaslužujete svaki delić toga.* Svi ležimo u krevetu koji sami pravimo, a vi svoj krevet pravite sada. Neće vam samouvereni Bitkoiner reći: "lepo sam vam rekao". Nova ekonomska realnost će vam to reći umesto njega. "Lepo sam vam rekao" će vas udariti poput tone cigle kada shvatite razliku između vas i onih koji su bili razboriti, koji su marljivo štedeli, koji su uložili vreme i trud da otkriju šta je zapravo Bitkoin dok su ih svi nazivali ludacima. Neće biti sažaljenja. #### Nema više bacanja bisera pred svinje Oni koji imaju priliku da kupe nešto Bitkoina sada, a odluče da to ne urade zahvaljujući neznanju, aroganciji ili gluposti, *zaslužuju da plate sa kamatom.* Zaslužuju da trguju svoje sutrašnje dragoceno vreme i energiju za ono što su mogli da nabave danas i to bukvalno "za kikiriki". Ovde nema greške: nismo jednaki. Mi smo veoma, veoma različiti ljudi. Ja sam uložio vreme, trud i energiju **sada**, ne samo zbog sebe samog, već i da bih posadio seme i pomogao mreži. Uradio sam svoj deo. Vi ćete doći kasnije i pomoći mi da žanjem nagrade svog truda. Postojaćete da biste mi pomogli da uživam u plodovima. To će biti vaša uloga. Izabrao sam da rizikujem i steknem deo onoga zbog čega su me svi nazivali ludim zato što sam učio, verovao i shvatio **danas**, sa nadom da se izgradi bolja, poštenija i pravičnija budućnost za sve. Radeći to, neki od nas će postati džinovi i nesrazmerno bogati. I vi imate tu šansu ali je mnogi od vas neće iskoristiti. ###### *I ja sam skroz ok sa tim. Više neću bacati bisere pred svinje.* --- Ovaj članak može zvučati neprijatno ali više me zabole kurac. Sada je na vama da sami istražujete. Ovo se događa bez obzira sviđalo vam se to ili ne. Ja i hiljade drugih Bitkoinera smo pisali eseje i eseje o ovome. Neka imena sa kvalitetnim materijalom kojih se mogu setiti iz glave su: * Naravno ja * [Gigi](https://dergigi.com/) * [Robert Breedlove](https://breedlove22.medium.com/) * [Saifedean Ammous](https://saifedean.com/) Ako ste radoznali možete ih pratiti. A ovo je sjajno mesto gde možete preuzeti nekoliko odličnih radova: [The Bitcoin Times](https://bitcointimes.io/) I za kraj, ako si Bitkoiner koji ovo čita, nikada nećeš znati da li sam zloban ili samo igram 4D šah. Iskreno, nije ni bitno. Ovo se dešava. Bitkoin osvaja svet. Ekonomski darvinizam je činjenica. Sakupljajte vaše satošije, ponudite maslinovu grančicu, obratite pažnju na njihovu radoznalost ili iskru u njihovom oku kao znak da nastavite. Ukoliko toga nema ili naiđete na odbijanje, ostavite ih da se igraju kao svinje u govnima sa njihovim fiatom, deonicama ili šitkoinima. Biće nam potrebni čistači za naše citadele.

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

Ascolta bene, amico mio. Admiration is always better than mere understanding! Simple understanding in a relationship is an easy, almost automatic gesture. Any woman can understand a man, tolerate his flaws, and accept his presence. But this often stems from pity, convenience, or merely the habit of having someone around. Understanding without admiration is not respect; it is resignation. A woman who only understands but does not admire may stay by your side, but she will never be truly loyal in her heart. And who wants to be merely tolerated out of pity when they could be followed with pride? Admiration, on the other hand, is the pillar that upholds any worthy relationship. It’s not just about liking someone; it’s about recognizing the value in a man's daily battles, not just his victories. A woman who truly admires you takes pride in your strength, respects your struggles, and walks beside you with her head held high. She doesn’t just accept you—she follows you to the end because she sees greatness in what you build and what you represent. Admiration is not just about affection; it’s about looking at the man beside you and feeling deep respect for who he is, what he builds, and what he stands for. Without that, what remains? Tolerance? Indifference? The woman who merely understands accepts your existence, but the one who admires follows you with pride because she sees value in your struggle, your strength, and your legacy. So forget about being “understood” as a priority. Understanding can be a mere transaction, but admiration is the true foundation of any dignified relationship. If your woman does not admire you for what you do, who you are, and what you build, she is either occupying a space she does not deserve, or you are too weak to be admired. Thank you for reading, my friend! If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation. A toast to our family!

@ 378562cd:a6fc6773

How much better would life be if we could hit a reset button and erase computers from existence? It’s a question worth asking, especially in an age where screens dominate our attention, social interactions have been reduced to text bubbles, and Google searches have replaced critical thinking. Would we be smarter? Would life be simpler? Common sense suggests that without computers constantly thinking for us, we’d have to rely on our own intelligence a whole lot more. **What Year Would We Have to Go Back To?** To escape computers entirely, we’d have to rewind far beyond today’s digital chaos—probably to the early 20th century. While the 1940s and 1950s saw the first massive computers creeping into government and military operations, the average person had little to no interaction with them. The term “computer” wasn’t something you’d hear at the dinner table, in the classroom, or even in most workplaces. It wasn’t until the late 1970s and early 1980s—when personal computers like the Apple II and IBM PC hit the market—that computers began working their way into homes, offices, and eventually, every aspect of daily life. Before then, life was entirely hands-on. People weren’t glued to screens but engaged in the world around them. Finances were managed with checkbooks and mental math, not banking apps. Phone numbers lived in people’s heads, not in a digital contact list. If you needed directions, you either studied a map or asked someone for help. Letters were written by hand, and the act of research meant flipping through encyclopedia pages, not skimming Wikipedia. An algorithm didn’t give you information; it was earned through effort, curiosity, and real-world experience. The transition happened slowly, but once computers became mainstream, they took over with astonishing speed. What started as a tool for business efficiency soon became a crutch for everyday life, shaping how we communicate, learn, and even think. But if we could turn back time to before computers dictated our every move, would we find ourselves living richer, more connected, and perhaps even smarter lives? **How Things Were Done Without Computers** Before computers ran the world, problem-solving required actual thought. If you needed directions, you read a map or asked a local. If you wanted to research something, you visited a library or consulted an expert. People had to remember things because no cloud storage or smartphone reminder buzzed every five minutes. Work was different before computers took over. Office tasks like accounting, inventory management, and record-keeping were done manually, with pens scratching across paper and filing cabinets brimming with carefully organized documents. Sure, it took longer, but there was an attention to detail that software often lacks—errors were caught by sharp human eyes, not overlooked by buggy algorithms or buried in digital spreadsheets. Customer service meant face-to-face interactions or a polite phone call, not endless chatbot loops and automated phone menus that never seem to understand what you need. Shopping wasn’t an online transaction handled by an AI-driven algorithm—it was an experience, where store clerks knew regular customers by name and recommendations were based on conversation, not data tracking. Banking required a visit to a teller who personally handled your deposit, rather than a faceless app approving transactions in milliseconds. Even skilled trades and craftsmanship thrived without automation. Mechanics relied on their knowledge of engines, not diagnostic computers spitting out error codes. Artists and designers used their hands, not digital tablets and AI-generated imagery. Cooking was a learned skill, not a task handed off to a microwave with pre-programmed settings. Farming—one of the last truly hands-on professions—was once guided by intuition, experience, and a deep connection to the land. Farmers studied the sky, felt the moisture in the soil, and trusted generational wisdom and intuition to predict a good harvest. There were no satellite forecasts, automated irrigation systems, or genetically modified shortcuts—just nature's raw, unpredictable rhythm and the skill to work alongside it. Even leisure time was more grounded. Families gathered around a radio for evening entertainment, played board games, read books, or simply sat on the porch and talked. People weren’t glued to screens, endlessly doom-scrolling through bad news and meaningless content—they were present, engaged, and connected in ways that modern life has all but erased. **Would We Be Smarter Without Computers?** The short answer here is "Hell Yes! It’s hard to argue otherwise. The more we outsource thinking to machines, the less we need to use our brains. We no longer need to remember phone numbers, calculate tips in our heads, or even read maps. Schools teach kids how to use software but often fail to emphasize basic skills like handwriting, mental math, or deep reading. Common sense, once the backbone of decision-making, is in short supply. Why? Because computers do too much thinking for us. Instead of analyzing situations logically, people Google an answer and take it as fact. Instead of experiencing life firsthand, we experience it through a filtered, algorithm-driven feed. And instead of developing problem-solving skills, we ask AI to do it for us now. **How Would Life Work Today Without Computers?** If computers vanished overnight, the world would be thrown into chaos—at least initially. Banks would scramble to process transactions, businesses would struggle to function without automated systems, and most people—so dependent on screens for communication, navigation, and even basic problem-solving—would feel completely lost. The silence of a world without notifications, emails, and instant internet access might feel eerie at first. But after the initial shock wore off, something incredible might happen. We’d be forced to slow down, to actually live in the present rather than constantly checking in on a digital one. People would have to interact face-to-face, strengthening real-life relationships instead of shallow online connections. Communities might grow tighter, with neighbors relying on each other instead of distant customer service centers and faceless apps. The lost critical thinking, memorization, and hands-on problem-solving skills would resurface out of necessity. Work would change, too. Without computers dictating every move, businesses would have to rethink their operations. There would be less automation but more craftsmanship, less efficiency but more human intuition. Transactions would be slower but perhaps more intentional. Creativity, once overshadowed by digital shortcuts, would thrive as people relied on their own talents rather than the latest AI-generated solution. Now, picture a world where children race bikes and climb trees instead of being glued to tablets, where conversations happen over dinner tables rather than through screens. Where decisions are made based on wisdom, instinct, and experience, not whatever happens to be trending. Would life be harder? At first, sure. But would it be better? Arguably, yes. Maybe it’s time we step back and ask ourselves: Are computers running our lives, or are they ruining them? The truth is, they’re doing both. They’ve woven themselves into every aspect of our daily existence, dictating how we work, communicate, and even think. They make life more convenient, sure—but at what cost? Over time, as we hand over more control to algorithms, automation, and artificial intelligence, we risk losing the very things that make us human: deep thought, real-world problem-solving, and genuine face-to-face connection. Computers have made us more efficient, but also more dependent. They’ve expanded our access to information, yet dulled our ability to think critically. They connect us instantly across the globe, yet leave us lonelier than ever. The balance is tipping, and if we’re not careful, the very technology designed to serve us may quietly end up ruling us. What are YOUR thoughts? #asknostr

@ 4523be58:ba1facd0

# NIP-117 ## The Double Ratchet Algorithm The Double Ratchet is a key rotation algorithm for secure private messaging. It allows us to 1) communicate on Nostr without revealing metadata (who you are communicating with and when), and 2) keep your message history and future messages safe even if your main Nostr key is compromised. Additionally, it enables disappearing messages that become undecryptable when past message decryption keys are discarded after use. See also: [NIP-118](./118.md): Nostr Double Ratchet Invites ### Overview "Double ratchet" means we use 2 "ratchets": cryptographic functions that can be rotated forward, but not backward: current keys can be used to derive next keys, but not the other way around. Ratchet 1 uses Diffie-Hellman (DH) shared secrets and is rotated each time the other participant acknowledges a new key we have sent along with a previous message. Ratchet 2 generates encryption keys for each message. It rotates after every message, using the previous message's key as input (and the Ratchet 1 key when it rotates). This process ensures forward secrecy for consecutive messages from the same sender in between Ratchet 1 rotations. ## Nostr implementation We implement the Double Ratchet Algorithm on Nostr similarly to Signal's [Double Ratchet with header encryption](https://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/#double-ratchet-with-header-encryption), but encrypting the message headers with [NIP-44](./44.md) conversation keys instead of symmetric header keys. Ratchet 1 keys are standard Nostr keys. In addition to encryption, they are also used for publishing and subscribing to messages on Nostr. As they are rotated and not linked to public Nostr identities, metadata privacy is preserved. ## Nostr event format ### Message #### Outer event ```typescript { kind: 1060, content: encryptedInnerEvent, tags: [["header", encryptedHeader]], pubkey: ratchetPublicKey, created_at, id, sig } ``` We subscribe to Double Ratchet events based on author public keys which are ephemeral — not used for other purposes than the Double Ratchet session. We use the regular event kind `1060` to differentiate it from other DM kinds, retrieval of which may be restricted by relays. The encrypted header contains our next nostr public key, our previous sending chain length and the current message number. #### Inner event Inner events must be [NIP-59](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/59.md) Rumors (unsigned Nostr events) allowing plausible deniability. With established Nostr event kinds, clients can implement all kinds of features, such as replies, reactions, and encrypted file sharing in private messages. Direct message and encrypted file messages are defined in [NIP-17](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/17.md). ## Algorithm Signal's [Double Ratchet with header encryption](https://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/#double-ratchet-with-header-encryption) document is a comprehensive description and explanation of the algorithm. In this NIP, the algorithm is only described in code, in order to highlight differences to the Signal implementation. ### External functions We use the following Nostr functions ([NIP-01](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/01.md)): - `generateSecretKey()` for creating Nostr private keys - `finalizeEvent(partialEvent, secretKey)` for creating valid Nostr events with pubkey, id and signature We use [NIP-44](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/44.md) functions for encryption: - `nip44.encrypt` - `nip44.decrypt` - `nip44.getConversationKey` [NIP-59](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/59.md): - createRumor Key derivation function: ```typescript export function kdf( input1: Uint8Array, input2: Uint8Array = new Uint8Array(32), numOutputs: number = 1 ): Uint8Array[] { const prk = hkdf_extract(sha256, input1, input2); const outputs: Uint8Array[] = []; for (let i = 1; i <= numOutputs; i++) { outputs.push(hkdf_expand(sha256, prk, new Uint8Array([i]), 32)); } return outputs; } ``` ### Session state With this information you can start or continue a Double Ratchet session. Save it locally after each sent and received message. ```typescript interface SessionState { theirCurrentNostrPublicKey?: string; theirNextNostrPublicKey: string; ourCurrentNostrKey?: KeyPair; ourNextNostrKey: KeyPair; rootKey: Uint8Array; receivingChainKey?: Uint8Array; sendingChainKey?: Uint8Array; sendingChainMessageNumber: number; receivingChainMessageNumber: number; previousSendingChainMessageCount: number; // Cache of message & header keys for handling out-of-order messages // Indexed by Nostr public key, which you can use to resubscribe to unreceived messages skippedKeys: { [pubKey: string]: { headerKeys: Uint8Array[]; messageKeys: { [msgIndex: number]: Uint8Array }; }; }; } ``` ### Initialization Alice is the chat initiator and Bob is the recipient. Ephemeral keys were exchanged earlier. ```typescript static initAlice( theirEphemeralPublicKey: string, ourEphemeralNostrKey: KeyPair, sharedSecret: Uint8Array ) { // Generate ephemeral key for the next ratchet step const ourNextNostrKey = generateSecretKey(); // Use ephemeral ECDH to derive rootKey and sendingChainKey const [rootKey, sendingChainKey] = kdf( sharedSecret, nip44.getConversationKey(ourEphemeralNostrKey.private, theirEphemeralPublicKey), 2 ); return { rootKey, theirNextNostrPublicKey: theirEphemeralPublicKey, ourCurrentNostrKey: ourEphemeralNostrKey, ourNextNostrKey, receivingChainKey: undefined, sendingChainKey, sendingChainMessageNumber: 0, receivingChainMessageNumber: 0, previousSendingChainMessageCount: 0, skippedKeys: {}, }; } static initBob( theirEphemeralPublicKey: string, ourEphemeralNostrKey: KeyPair, sharedSecret: Uint8Array ) { return { rootKey: sharedSecret, theirNextNostrPublicKey: theirEphemeralPublicKey, // Bob has no ‘current’ key at init time — Alice will send to next and trigger a ratchet step ourCurrentNostrKey: undefined, ourNextNostrKey: ourEphemeralNostrKey, receivingChainKey: undefined, sendingChainKey: undefined, sendingChainMessageNumber: 0, receivingChainMessageNumber: 0, previousSendingChainMessageCount: 0, skippedKeys: {}, }; } ``` ### Sending messages ```typescript sendEvent(event: Partial<UnsignedEvent>) { const innerEvent = nip59.createRumor(event) const [header, encryptedData] = this.ratchetEncrypt(JSON.stringify(innerEvent)); const conversationKey = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey.privateKey, this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey); const encryptedHeader = nip44.encrypt(JSON.stringify(header), conversationKey); const outerEvent = finalizeEvent({ content: encryptedData, kind: MESSAGE_EVENT_KIND, tags: [["header", encryptedHeader]], created_at: Math.floor(now / 1000) }, this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey.privateKey); // Publish outerEvent on Nostr, store inner locally if needed return {outerEvent, innerEvent}; } ratchetEncrypt(plaintext: string): [Header, string] { // Rotate sending chain key const [newSendingChainKey, messageKey] = kdf(this.state.sendingChainKey!, new Uint8Array([1]), 2); this.state.sendingChainKey = newSendingChainKey; const header: Header = { number: this.state.sendingChainMessageNumber++, nextPublicKey: this.state.ourNextNostrKey.publicKey, previousChainLength: this.state.previousSendingChainMessageCount }; return [header, nip44.encrypt(plaintext, messageKey)]; } ``` ### Receiving messages ```typescript handleNostrEvent(e: NostrEvent) { const [header, shouldRatchet, isSkipped] = this.decryptHeader(e); if (!isSkipped) { if (this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey !== header.nextPublicKey) { // Received a new key from them this.state.theirCurrentNostrPublicKey = this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey; this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey = header.nextPublicKey; this.updateNostrSubscriptions() } if (shouldRatchet) { this.skipMessageKeys(header.previousChainLength, e.pubkey); this.ratchetStep(header.nextPublicKey); } } decryptHeader(event: any): [Header, boolean, boolean] { const encryptedHeader = event.tags[0][1]; if (this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey) { const conversationKey = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey.privateKey, event.pubkey); try { const header = JSON.parse(nip44.decrypt(encryptedHeader, conversationKey)) as Header; return [header, false, false]; } catch (error) { // Decryption with currentSecret failed, try with nextSecret } } const nextConversationKey = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourNextNostrKey.privateKey, event.pubkey); try { const header = JSON.parse(nip44.decrypt(encryptedHeader, nextConversationKey)) as Header; return [header, true, false]; } catch (error) { // Decryption with nextSecret also failed } const skippedKeys = this.state.skippedKeys[event.pubkey]; if (skippedKeys?.headerKeys) { // Try skipped header keys for (const key of skippedKeys.headerKeys) { try { const header = JSON.parse(nip44.decrypt(encryptedHeader, key)) as Header; return [header, false, true]; } catch (error) { // Decryption failed, try next secret } } } throw new Error("Failed to decrypt header with current and skipped header keys"); } ratchetDecrypt(header: Header, ciphertext: string, nostrSender: string): string { const plaintext = this.trySkippedMessageKeys(header, ciphertext, nostrSender); if (plaintext) return plaintext; this.skipMessageKeys(header.number, nostrSender); // Rotate receiving key const [newReceivingChainKey, messageKey] = kdf(this.state.receivingChainKey!, new Uint8Array([1]), 2); this.state.receivingChainKey = newReceivingChainKey; this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber++; return nip44.decrypt(ciphertext, messageKey); } ratchetStep(theirNextNostrPublicKey: string) { this.state.previousSendingChainMessageCount = this.state.sendingChainMessageNumber; this.state.sendingChainMessageNumber = 0; this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber = 0; this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey = theirNextNostrPublicKey; // 1st step yields the new conversation key they used const conversationKey1 = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourNextNostrKey.privateKey, this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey!); // and our corresponding receiving chain key const [theirRootKey, receivingChainKey] = kdf(this.state.rootKey, conversationKey1, 2); this.state.receivingChainKey = receivingChainKey; // Rotate our Nostr key this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey = this.state.ourNextNostrKey; const ourNextSecretKey = generateSecretKey(); this.state.ourNextNostrKey = { publicKey: getPublicKey(ourNextSecretKey), privateKey: ourNextSecretKey }; // 2nd step yields the new conversation key we'll use const conversationKey2 = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourNextNostrKey.privateKey, this.state.theirNextNostrPublicKey!); // And our corresponding sending chain key const [rootKey, sendingChainKey] = kdf(theirRootKey, conversationKey2, 2); this.state.rootKey = rootKey; this.state.sendingChainKey = sendingChainKey; } skipMessageKeys(until: number, nostrSender: string) { if (this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber + MAX_SKIP < until) { throw new Error("Too many skipped messages"); } if (!this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender]) { this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender] = { headerKeys: [], messageKeys: {} }; if (this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey) { const currentSecret = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourCurrentNostrKey.privateKey, nostrSender); this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender].headerKeys.push(currentSecret); } const nextSecret = nip44.getConversationKey(this.state.ourNextNostrKey.privateKey, nostrSender); this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender].headerKeys.push(nextSecret); } while (this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber < until) { const [newReceivingChainKey, messageKey] = kdf(this.state.receivingChainKey!, new Uint8Array([1]), 2); this.state.receivingChainKey = newReceivingChainKey; this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender].messageKeys[this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber] = messageKey; this.state.receivingChainMessageNumber++; } } trySkippedMessageKeys(header: Header, ciphertext: string, nostrSender: string): string | null { const skippedKeys = this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender]; if (!skippedKeys) return null; const messageKey = skippedKeys.messageKeys[header.number]; if (!messageKey) return null; delete skippedKeys.messageKeys[header.number]; if (Object.keys(skippedKeys.messageKeys).length === 0) { delete this.state.skippedKeys[nostrSender]; } return nip44.decrypt(ciphertext, messageKey); } ```

@ c9f48a56:234112d2

**" The Power of Buying $2.50 of Bitcoin Every Day: A Deep Dive into Small-Scale Crypto Investing "**  **Imagine this:** every day, you set aside $2.50—the price of a cheap coffee or a quick snack—and use it to buy Bitcoin. It doesn’t sound like much, right? But over time, this tiny habit could turn into something surprisingly meaningful. Let’s break down what happens when you buy $2.50 worth of Bitcoin daily, with its price sitting at $85,000 today, February 27, 2025. Spoiler: it’s less about getting rich quick and more about playing the long game with a volatile asset. **The Basics: What $2.50 Gets You Today** Bitcoin operates on a micro level through satoshis—think of them as the pennies of the Bitcoin world. One Bitcoin equals 100 million satoshis. At $85,000 per Bitcoin, each satoshi costs $0.00085 ($85,000 ÷ 100,000,000). So, with your daily $2.50: - $2.50 ÷ $0.00085 = ~2,941 satoshis. - That’s 0.00002941 Bitcoin per day. It’s a sliver of a coin—barely a whisper in the crypto universe. But that’s the beauty of it: you’re not swinging for the fences; you’re stacking crumbs into a pile.  **Scaling It Up: Monthly and Yearly Gains** Let’s stretch this out. Over 30 days, you’re spending $75 ($2.50 × 30). That nets you: - 2,941 satoshis × 30 = 88,230 satoshis, or 0.0008823 Bitcoin. Over a full year (365 days), it’s $912.50 spent and: - 2,941 satoshis × 365 = 1,073,465 satoshis, or 0.01073465 Bitcoin. At today’s $85,000 price, that year’s worth of Bitcoin is valued at $912.50—exactly what you put in. No profit, no loss. But Bitcoin doesn’t just sit there. It’s a rollercoaster, and your daily buys are a way to ride it without losing your lunch.  **The Dollar-Cost Averaging Magic** This method is a textbook example of dollar-cost averaging (DCA). Instead of dumping a lump sum into Bitcoin and praying the price moons, you spread your buys across time. When Bitcoin dips, your $2.50 grabs more satoshis. When it spikes, you get less. Over months or years, this evens out the wild swings. Say Bitcoin drops to $50,000 tomorrow. Your $2.50 would buy 5,000 satoshis ($2.50 ÷ $0.0005). If it surges to $100,000, you’d get 2,500 satoshis ($2.50 ÷ $0.001). The average price you pay ends up somewhere in the middle, protecting you from buying all-in at a peak. **What Could Happen? The Scenarios** Here’s where it gets fun (or nerve-wracking, depending on your vibe). After a year of $2.50 daily buys, you’ve got 0.01073465 Bitcoin. Let’s play out some futures: - **Bitcoin hits $100,000:** Your stash is worth $1,073.47. You’ve spent $912.50, so that’s a $160.97 profit—about 17.6% return. Not bad for pocket change. - **Bitcoin climbs to $150,000:** Now it’s $1,610.20—a $697.70 gain, or 76.5%. Starting to feel like a sneaky good move. - **Bitcoin falls to $50,000:** Your pile’s worth $536.73. You’re down $375.77, or 41%. Ouch, but you’re still in the game with minimal damage. - **Bitcoin crashes to $20,000:** It’s $214.69—a $697.81 loss, 76.5% down. Rough, but $912.50 over a year isn’t a life-ruining bet. The point? This isn’t about timing the market perfectly—it’s about staying consistent and letting Bitcoin’s long-term trajectory (if you believe in it) do the heavy lifting. **The Real World: Fees and Friction** One catch: exchanges aren’t free. Most platforms charge a fee—maybe 1-2% per trade, or a flat rate like $0.10. On a $2.50 buy, that’s brutal. A 2% fee is $0.05, leaving you $2.45 to spend (2,882 satoshis instead of 2,941). A $0.10 flat fee? You’re down to $2.40 (2,823 satoshis). Over a year, fees could shave off 50,000+ satoshis from your total. Look for low-fee options or batch your buys weekly to dodge this trap. **Why $2.50? The Psychology and Practicality** Why not $5 or $10? Simple: $2.50 is so small you barely notice it. It’s a pack of gum, a vending machine soda, a tip you’d leave without blinking. Psychologically, it’s easy to stick with. Practically, it keeps your risk tiny while still giving you skin in the crypto game. If Bitcoin goes to zero, you’re out $912.50 after a year—annoying, but not catastrophic. If it 10xes, you’ve got a nice little win. **How to Start** The best way to kick this off is by mining with Ember Fund—it’s how I stack up to 100 satoshis per hour and fund my $2.50 daily buys without spending a dime upfront. Ember’s app lets us earn free satoshis just by tapping a button daily to start a 24-hour mining cycle. You begin at a base rate of 13 satoshis per hour, which is 312 satoshis daily ($0.27 at $85,000 Bitcoin), but with referrals, it scales fast—each friend adds 10-13 satoshis per hour when they mine with you ( You Create Your Own Mining Pool ) capping at 100 satoshis per hour. At the max, that’s 2,400 satoshis daily, or about $2.04—nearly our $2.50 target. Team up with a few friends or better yet family members, sync your mining, and you’re golden. Withdraw to a wallet or reinvest into your daily Bitcoin buys through Ember. It’s a near-passive way to fuel this strategy for free. Other options like buying directly on exchanges (Coinbase, Binance, Kraken) with recurring $2.50 purchases work too, but they dip into your pocket and come with fees. Ember’s mining trumps that by letting us earn our way in. Track your satoshis, not dollars; it’s more satisfying to see the stack grow.  **The Big Picture: Is It Worth It?** This depends on you. If you’re a Bitcoin skeptic, $2.50 daily might feel like tossing coins into a wishing well. If you’re a believer—say you think it’ll hit $200,000 in five years—it’s a low-effort way to build a position. Historically, Bitcoin’s climbed from pennies to $85,000 over 15 years, but past performance isn’t a promise. Zoom out: $912.50 is 0.01073465 Bitcoin today. At $200,000, that’s $2,146.93. At $1 million? $10,734.65. Small seeds, big dreams. **Final Thought** Buying $2.50 of Bitcoin daily isn’t a get-rich-quick scheme—it’s a slow drip into a wild market. You’re not betting the farm; you’re nibbling at the edges. Whether it’s genius or a waste depends on Bitcoin’s future, and nobody’s got a crystal ball. But for less than a Netflix subscription each month, you’re in the ring. What’s $2.50 to you?

@ 6389be64:ef439d32

GA, plebs. The latest episode of Bitcoin And is out, and, as always, the chicanery is running rampant. Let’s break down the biggest topics I covered, and if you want the full, unfiltered rant, make sure to listen to the episode linked below. ## House Democrats’ MEME Act: A Bad Joke? House Democrats are proposing a bill to ban presidential meme coins, clearly aimed at Trump’s and Melania’s ill-advised token launches. While grifters launching meme coins is bad, this bill is just as ridiculous. If this legislation moves forward, expect a retaliatory strike exposing how politicians like Pelosi and Warren mysteriously amassed their fortunes. Will it pass? Doubtful. But it’s another sign of the government’s obsession with regulating everything except itself. ## Senate Banking’s First Digital Asset Hearing: The Real Target Is You Cynthia Lummis chaired the first digital asset hearing, and—surprise!—it was all about control. The discussion centered on stablecoins, AML, and KYC regulations, with witnesses suggesting Orwellian measures like freezing stablecoin transactions unless pre-approved by authorities. What was barely mentioned? Bitcoin. They want full oversight of stablecoins, which is really about controlling financial freedom. Expect more nonsense targeting self-custody wallets under the guise of stopping “bad actors.” ## Bank of America and PayPal Want In on Stablecoins Bank of America’s CEO openly stated they’ll launch a stablecoin as soon as regulation allows. Meanwhile, PayPal’s CEO paid for a hat using Bitcoin—not their own stablecoin, Pi USD. Why wouldn’t he use his own product? Maybe he knows stablecoins aren’t what they’re hyped up to be. Either way, the legacy financial system is gearing up to flood the market with stablecoins, not because they love crypto, but because it’s a tool to extend U.S. dollar dominance. ## MetaPlanet Buys the Dip Japan’s MetaPlanet issued $13.4M in bonds to buy more Bitcoin, proving once again that institutions see the writing on the wall. Unlike U.S. regulators who obsess over stablecoins, some companies are actually stacking sats. ## UK Expands Crypto Seizure Powers Across the pond, the UK government is pushing legislation to make it easier to seize and destroy crypto linked to criminal activity. While they frame it as going after the bad guys, it’s another move toward centralized control and financial surveillance. ## Bitcoin Tools & Tech: Arc, SatoChip, and Nunchuk Some bullish Bitcoin developments: ARC v0.5 is making Bitcoin’s second layer more efficient, SatoChip now supports Taproot and Nostr, and Nunchuk launched a group wallet with chat, making multisig collaboration easier. ## The Bottom Line The state is coming for financial privacy and control, and stablecoins are their weapon of choice. Bitcoiners need to stay focused, keep their coins in self-custody, and build out parallel systems. Expect more regulatory attacks, but don’t let them distract you—just keep stacking and transacting in ways they can’t control. **🎧 Listen to the full episode here: [https://fountain.fm/episode/PYITCo18AJnsEkKLz2Ks](Fountain.fm)** **💰 Support the show by boosting sats on Podcasting 2.0!** and I will see you on the other side.

@ 2ed3596e:98b4cc78

## Pay anyone in Canada with bitcoin! One step closer to replacing your bank with Bitcoin Well Everyone who accepts e-Transfers, now accepts bitcoin! Canadians with a Bitcoin Well account can send money to anyone via e-Transfer using their bitcoin in self custody. Typical transactions, like rent payments, paying friends back for dinner, paying your cleaning lady or even to pay for that new (to you) boom box on Facebook marketplace, can now be paid quickly, securely and cheaper with your Bitcoin Well account. And best of all, it’s all done with bitcoin in self custody. Keep reading to learn more! ## How to send an e-Transfer to anyone in Canada using bitcoin: From the sell page in your Bitcoin Well account you can select the network (Bitcoin or Lightning Network) and how many dollars you’d like to send via e-Transfer. For more information on the [Lightning Network click here.](https://bitcoinwell.com/blog/how-to-sell-bitcoin-on-the-lightning-network-in-canada) Next you will see a new dropdown where you can choose the recipient for the e-Transfer. It will be the email on your Bitcoin Well account by default. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/47b721b22f9df5d38e2edb02dfe0c41adab90442a9e55158bb815980b596d4ec.png"> To add a new recipient, select the drop down and “Add recipient”. Here you will be asked to provide the recipient’s name, email and the security question/answer you’d like to provide for the e-Transfer. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/a63580e9b8a314cedf04105e168f74d7ea279a281a867479e511833003cf2b28.png"> You’ll be responsible for telling them the security question and answer, so don’t forget! <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/8c7fb8b06aa1a2e991f5f94a005b6c1f0d6b8cb78c2966dc917b98ca3491af7c.png"> You can also invite your recipient to [join Bitcoin Well with your ref link!](https://app.bitcoinwell.com/referrals) You’ll earn Bitcoin Well points and sats when they use Bitcoin Well! ## If you chose the Bitcoin network: With all your information entered, you will be able to send bitcoin to the bitcoin address on screen and an e-Transfer will be sent to your recipient after 1 confirmation. Note! This bitcoin address is permanently associated with your recipient. Any and all bitcoin received by this bitcoin address will be automatically converted into dollars and sent to your recipient; even if you do not login to your Bitcoin Well account! <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/046ee31cd2098a027254cef95a1a380f7423705b4dcced6485d64e3dfda4c386.png"> ## If you chose the Lightning Network: Select “Generate Invoice” to generate an LN-invoice which will be associated with your transaction. Once that invoice is paid an e-Transfer will be immediately sent to your desired recipient. Of course, you can still send sats to your Bitcoin Well Payment Address any time to receive an e-Transfer yourself. <img src="https://blossom.primal.net/afa78ce53beac2f6172119cc18601ea9f26beae6e65502e304b88fa122080fc2.png"> ## Banks out; Bitcoin Standard in Bitcoin Well arms its customers with the knowledge and tools to fully live on a Bitcoin Standard and maximize their independence by keeping bitcoin in self custody instead of dollars in their bank. Bitcoin Well now enables the same instant and fast transfer capabilities as a bank, but facilitated with bitcoin in self custody! Replace your bank with Bitcoin Well! ## Earn sats from your bitcoin transactions Bitcoin Well is also the best place in the world to earn bitcoin. When you earn points in your Bitcoin Well account, you gain the opportunity to play the Bitcoin (Wishing) Well, where you win sats with every play. The best part? We send bitcoin that you win straight to your personal wallet via the Lightning Network. Oh yeah, did we mention you can win 1,000,000 sats? If you're an active Bitcoin Well customer, there is a chance you've earned a pile of points. The more you use your account for buying, selling or spending bitcoin - the more points you’ll earn! Log in to your Bitcoin Well account and [check your point balance](https://app.bitcoinwell.com/reward-points). ## About Bitcoin Well Bitcoin Well exists to enable independence. We do this by coupling the convenience of modern banking, with the benefits of bitcoin. In other words, we want to make it easy to use bitcoin in self-custody.

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers! In Nigeria, financial officials are revising digital asset regulations to impose taxes on digital asset transactions on regulated exchanges. This aims to bolster state revenue as more citizens turn to Bitcoin in response to rampant inflation, the naira’s devaluation, and the regime's ever-increasing financial controls. Meanwhile, in Cuba, thousands of citizens remain unable to access money the regime forced them to convert into Certificates of Deposit (CDs) in 2021. These funds have not been returned by the Communist Party of Cuba. If they eventually are, they will be paid out in since-hyperinflated Cuban pesos, a reality that stands in stark contrast to regime propaganda that it is working “for the people.” In open-source freedom tech news, we feature NostrPIX, an experimental tool built during the bitcoin++ developer hackathon in Florianopolis, Brazil. It allows anyone in Brazil to pay any merchant or individual with Bitcoin over the Lightning Network. While it is still in its early stages of development, this stands to enable Bitcoin payments at nearly every merchant in Brazil, similar to how apps like Tando enable Bitcoin payments across Kenya.\ \ We end with the official livestreams of the HRF-supported bitcoin++ developer conference in Florianopolis, Brazil, that brought together open-source developers and freedom tech enthusiasts for four days of technical gatherings to enhance Bitcoin’s privacy, usability, and censorship resistance. These livestreams offer a unique chance to view and understand the presentations and workshops at the event. **Now, let’s jump right in!** ### [**Subscribe Here**](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a) ## **GLOBAL NEWS** #### **Nigeria | Introducing Digital Asset Transaction Tax to Boost State Revenue** Nigerian officials plan to [amend](https://archive.ph/fTRMl) their digital asset regulations to tax digital asset transactions in a coercive effort to boost the regime’s dwindling revenues. The Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is reviewing a new framework to tax transactions on regulated exchanges, allowing the regime to extract even more value from the growing digital asset sector. Nigerians, especially the [younger population](https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-assets/2024/01/08/central-bank-of-nigeria-approves-naira-stablecoin-for-2024-launch/), increasingly have turned to Bitcoin and stablecoins to escape high inflation, a devalued naira, and an authoritarian regime that repeatedly undermines financial autonomy and human rights. The new tax could hinder the efficiency of tools like Bitcoin by making transactions more expensive. But enforcing this tax beyond regulated platforms presents a challenge. Bitcoin held in self-custody and transacted peer-to-peer remains largely outside the reach of authoritarian states. #### **Cuba | Citizens Remain Locked Out of Devalued Funds** Thousands of Cubans remain [locked out](https://havanatimes.org/features/cuban-savers-lose-on-devalued-bank-deposit-certificates/) of their savings after the regime forced them to convert Cuban Convertible Peso (CUC) deposits into Certificates of Deposit (CDs) in 2021. This policy was part of the “Tarea Ordenamiento” economic reforms, which eliminated the CUC, a convertible currency previously pegged to the US dollar. For years, Cubans who received foreign currency — whether through work abroad or remittances — were required to exchange it for CUCs, expecting they could later redeem those CUCs for dollars or other foreign currencies. But when the regime eliminated the CUC in 2021, it forced depositors to either accept a heavily [devalued](https://havanatimes.org/features/cuban-savers-lose-on-devalued-bank-deposit-certificates/) exchange rate for Cuban pesos (far worse than the advertised 24-1 ratio) or convert their money into Certificates of Deposit (CDs), with the promise of returning the equivalent value in foreign currency once liquidity allowed. Unbeknownst to Cubans, the CDs paid a negligible 0.15% interest and had no clear timeline for repayment. Today, many depositors still can’t access their money. #### **Google | Facilitating Censorship in Russia and China** Google is actively [assisting](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/15/google-helped-facilitate-russia-china-censorship-requests) authoritarian regimes like China and Russia to censor dissent, removing online content critical of the Kremlin and Chinese Communist Party. In Russia, Google complied with government requests to erase YouTube videos opposing the war in Ukraine, while in China, it removed references to the Tiananmen Square massacre and pro-democracy activism. With more than [70% of Russians](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/feb/15/google-helped-facilitate-russia-china-censorship-requests) relying on YouTube for news and China’s Great Firewall blocking independent sources, corporate compliance with state censorship enables state propaganda to proliferate as a dominant narrative. For activists and nonprofits seeking uncensorable communications, nostr — an open and decentralized protocol — offers a way to share information beyond the reach of authoritarian regimes. Activists and NGOs can get started [here](https://start.njump.me/). #### **World | Transnational Repression Most Common Under CBDC-Leading Countries** New data from [Freedom House](https://freedomhouse.org/expanding-and-defending-freedom-around-world) reveals that [23 governments](https://freedomhouse.org/article/new-data-mass-incidents-mark-dramatic-year-transnational-repression-23-governments-silence) engaged in transnational repression in 2024, using abductions, assassinations, and forced deportations to silence exiled dissidents. Leading perpetrators include the authoritarian regimes of China, Russia, Iran, and Turkey — orchestrating over [1,200](https://freedomhouse.org/article/new-data-mass-incidents-mark-dramatic-year-transnational-repression-23-governments-silence) incidents in the past decade. Notably, many of these regimes are at the forefront of central bank digital currency (CBDC) development, a technology that drastically increases state control over financial activity. By allowing governments to surveil, freeze, and block funds in real time, CBDCs strip activists of financial privacy and force them into greater vulnerability. As authoritarian states refine both digital and physical methods of repression, CBDCs may become a powerful weapon for crushing dissent beyond borders. #### **Niger | Delays Democratic Elections While Citizens Financially Struggle** Niger’s deteriorating economic conditions are set to continue as the ruling military junta has [proposed](https://archive.ph/zd4QS) delaying democratic elections until at least 2030 to contain a “security threat.” Army commander Abdourahamane Tchiani, who came to power in a 2023 coup, originally pledged a three-year transition to civilian rule. Now, that timeline appears extended to five years, allowing “the junta to restore security and regain control of territory captured by Islamist militants that have expanded their insurgency in recent months.” With inflation [eroding](https://business.inquirer.net/501713/inflation-forces-nigeriens-to-adapt-what-they-eat) Nigerien’s purchasing power and the general economic well-being of citizens [declining](https://africacenter.org/spotlight/niger-coup-reversing-hard-earned-gains/), Niger can’t afford more military rule. This could be a pretext for Tchiani to consolidate power, especially as [discussions](https://archive.ph/zd4QS) emerge about dissolving political parties and granting him the rank of general. \________________________________________________________\_ #### **Webinar Series for Nonprofits: Become Unstoppable** HRF will host a [free, three-day webinar](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf0sjqwSFQo8HGMsWIIDRyhx34TsoonOSTfYoWSy-aaBbLeSw/viewform) from March 17-19, teaching human rights defenders and nonprofits how to use Bitcoin to counter state censorship and confiscation. Sessions run daily from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. EDT and are beginner-friendly. The webinar will be led by Anna Chekhovich, HRF’s Bitcoin nonprofit adoption lead and financial manager at Alexei Navalny’s Anti-Corruption Foundation, and co-taught by the prominent Bitcoin educator Ben Perrin. [Register for webinar](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf0sjqwSFQo8HGMsWIIDRyhx34TsoonOSTfYoWSy-aaBbLeSw/viewform) #### **SXSW | The Human Rights Risks of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)** Join HRF at [SXSW 2025](https://www.sxsw.com/) in Austin from March 7-13 to explore how CBDCs threaten financial freedom. Experts [Roger Huang](https://x.com/Rogerh1991), [Charlene Fadirepo](https://x.com/CharFadirepo), and [Nick Anthony](https://x.com/EconWithNick) will discuss how authoritarian regimes use CBDCs for surveillance and control. Attendees can also visit HRF’s [CBDC Tracker](https://cbdctracker.hrf.org/) booth to explore an interactive map of CBDC developments worldwide.  [Get your tickets](https://www.sxsw.com/conference/) \________________________________________________________\_ ## BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS #### **NostrPIX | Enabling Bitcoin Payments in Brazil** [NostrPIX](https://github.com/gringokiwi/nostrpix-api) is a new tool built just a few days ago during the bitcoin++ hackathon in Florianopolis, Brazil, that lets users pay any merchant or individual in Brazil with Bitcoin over the Lightning Network. To use NostrPIX, users scan a Pix QR code (the country’s widely used digital payment system) and pay with bitcoin from their Lightning wallet. Designed with the unbanked in mind, NostrPIX lets those who cannot open a Brazilian bank account to transact with Bitcoin and Pix (no sign-ups required, just instant payments). Its innovative approach [won](https://x.com/gringokiwi/status/1893375343118967063?s=19) the bitcoin++ hackathon, showcasing its potential to bridge Bitcoin with traditional systems. While still a proof of concept, NostrPIX joins projects like [Tando](https://tando.me/) in Kenya, making Bitcoin more practical for everyday commerce and could inspire similar products elsewhere in countries facing political oppression. #### **Iris | Implements Double Ratchet Messaging for Better Privacy** [Iris](https://iris.cx/), a client for Nostr launched by Martti Malmi, implemented [double ratchet](https://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/) messaging, an encryption algorithm similar to that used by Signal, significantly improving private communications for activists and human rights defenders. This ensures message metadata remains hidden, and with its implementation, past and future conversations on Iris stay private even if a user’s main Nostr private key is compromised. This upgrade empowers individuals in difficult political environments to communicate without fear of surveillance by reducing the risks of authoritarian regimes tracking their conversations. HRF is proud to have helped support Malmi as he invented and launched this innovation. #### **Presidio Bitcoin | New Bitcoin Co-Working and Events Space in Bay Area** [Presidio Bitcoin](https://www.presidiobitcoin.org/) is the Bay Area’s first dedicated co-working and events space. Located in San Francisco’s famous Presidio neighborhood, it will be a collaborative space for developers, educators, and freedom tech enthusiasts to connect, work, and innovate together to drive Bitcoin adoption forward. It draws inspiration from other Bitcoin hubs worldwide, like [Bitcoin Park](https://bitcoinpark.com/) in Nashville, Tenn., [Bitcoin House Bali](https://bitcoinindonesia.xyz/) in Indonesia, and [Bitcoin Ekasi](https://x.com/BitcoinEkasi) in South Africa. This time, aiming to create a community of Bitcoiners in the tech capital of the US. Presidio Bitcoin hopes to foster new talent and secure greater funding from Silicon Valley, becoming a central meeting point for those passionate about Bitcoin and freedom. HRF Freedom Fellows were able to visit the space recently, and HRF staff will be speaking at upcoming events at the venue in the near future. Check the space out [here](https://www.presidiobitcoin.org/). #### **Cashu | Releases Cashu Development Kit** [Cashu](https://cashu.me/), an open-source Chaumian ecash protocol for Bitcoin integrated with the Lightning Network, [released](https://x.com/CashuBTC/status/1889321095125258313?s=19) the [Cashu Development Kit](https://github.com/cashubtc/cdk) (CDK) in Rust (a common programming language). This makes it easier for developers to build and integrate Cashu wallets, expanding access to private Bitcoin transactions. With Cashu, users can spend Bitcoin-backed ecash without revealing their identity or transaction history. This enables private, cheap, and fast transactions with the tradeoff of being custodial. As digital financial surveillance increases, ecash offers an alternative to remain private. The CDK release expands the reach of said private Bitcoin transactions, providing more safety and anonymity for dissidents. #### **RoboSats | Adds LNp2pBot Orders on Android App** [RoboSats](https://github.com/RoboSats/robosats), a privacy-focused peer-to-peer (P2P) Bitcoin exchange powered by the Lightning Network, [added](https://github.com/RoboSats/robosats/releases/tag/v0.7.4-alpha) support for [LNp2pBot](https://lnp2pbot.com/) orders in its Android app. Previously, users used Telegram to interact with LNp2pBot for P2P bitcoin trades. Now, they can access P2P orders directly from the RoboSats Android app. This integration enhances usability by reducing platform dependency and provides users with greater liquidity for P2P trades. HRF is pleased to see the continued development and interoperability of privacy-focused, self-custodial Bitcoin on and off ramps from this [Bitcoin Development Fund](https://hrf.org/program/financial-freedom/bitcoin-development-fund/) grantee. #### **Bitcoin Dada | Visits Bitcoin Mining Site for Hands-On Learning** Bitcoin Dada, an HRF-supported nonprofit empowering African women with financial literacy and Bitcoin education, recently took its students on a [trip](https://x.com/btc_dada/status/1891495542078726163) to a Bitcoin mining site operated by [Gridless](https://gridlesscompute.com/) in Kibwezi, Kenya. This visit provided students firsthand exposure to Bitcoin mining’s potential for driving economic growth and expanding electricity access in rural African communities while simultaneously helping decentralize the network. The site repurposes sisal waste (the waste from fiber production) to generate electricity, reduce blackouts, and provide power to homes in Kibwezi. As more and more off-grid sites like this come online, Bitcoin’s mining composition becomes less centralized and stronger against threats from authoritarian states. ## RECOMMENDED CONTENT #### **bitcoin++ Developer Conference Livestream** Last week, [bitcoin++](https://btcplusplus.dev/) hosted the  “hacking edition” developer conference in Florianopolis, Brazil. The event brought together Bitcoin developers and freedom tech enthusiasts for four days of hands-on development, workshops, and technical discussions to enhance Bitcoin’s privacy, accessibility, and censorship resistance. If you missed the event, you can catch the key sessions and workshops via live stream. Watch them [here](https://www.youtube.com/@btcplusplus/streams). #### **Nostr: The Importance of Censorship-Resistant Communication for Innovation and Human Progress** In [this](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/nostr-the-importance-of-censorship-resistant-communication-for-innovation-and-human-progress-) article for [Bitcoin Magazine](http://bitcoinmagazine.com), [Leon Wankum](https://x.com/leonwankum) highlights why Nostr, a censorship-resistant protocol, is key to unlocking innovation and free expression. He explains how Nostr enables decentralized content sharing using cryptographic keys and relays, preventing central control of the protocol. This approach ensures that no single entity controls the flow of information, thereby enhancing freedom of expression. Alongside Bitcoin, Nostr has the potential to break corporate and state monopolies, allowing for grassroots progress and innovation on the individual level. You can read the full article [here](https://bitcoinmagazine.com/culture/nostr-the-importance-of-censorship-resistant-communication-for-innovation-and-human-progress-). *If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report [here](https://mailchi.mp/hrf.org/financial-freedom-newsletter?mc_cid=bf652c0a5a).* *Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program [via BTCPay](https://hrf.org/btc).*\ *Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ [hrf.org](http://hrf.org/)* *The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals [here](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1)*. [**Subscribe to newsletter**](http://financialfreedomreport.org/) [**Apply for a grant**](https://forms.monday.com/forms/57019f8829449d9e729d9e3545a237ea?r=use1&mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Support our work**](https://hrf.org/btc?mc_cid=39c1c9b7e8&mc_eid=778e9876e3) [**Visit our website**](https://hrf.org/programs/financial-freedom/)

@ 5975800a:3d9a6b7d

Sometimes people come into your life and you know right away that they were meant to be there. *to serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson,* *or to help you figure out who you are or who you want to become.* You may never know who these people may be but.. *when you lock eyes with them, you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some profound way.* And sometimes things happen to you that may seem horrible, painful, and unfair at first.. *but in reflection you find that without overcoming those obstacles, you would have never realized your potential, strength, willpower, or heart.*  > Everything happens for a reason. *Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck. Illness, injury, love, lost moments of true greatness, and sheer stupidity all occur to test the limits of your soul.* Without the small tests, whatever they may be, life would be like a smoothly paved, straight flat road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and utterly pointless. --- Written by [Samantha McConnell]( https://hellopoetry.com/poem/632166/everything-happens-for-a-reason/). Pictures by [me](nostr:npub1t96cqznzh0zmqq5y5rm9yfpqhdjs2gjgjzwzzn5alsy9g0v6dd7snrpyjw).

@ dbb19ae0:c3f22d5a

Using nostr_sdk 0.39 replace nsec_key with your secret key replace npub_to_follow by the npub to follow ``` python from nostr_sdk import Metadata, Client, Keys, Filter, Kind, KindStandard, Contact, PublicKey, EventBuilder from datetime import timedelta import asyncio async def main(): keys = Keys.parse("nsec_key") client = Client() await client.add_relay("wss://relay.damus.io") await client.connect() # Get current contact list f = Filter().author(keys.public_key()).kind(Kind.from_std(KindStandard.CONTACT_LIST)) events = await client.fetch_events(f, timedelta(seconds=10)) event = events.first() if event: # Get current contact public keys and add a new contact public_keys = event.tags().public_keys() new_public_key = PublicKey.parse("npub_to_follow") public_keys.append(new_public_key) # Create a new contact list event and send it to relays contacts = [Contact(public_key=pk, relay_url=None, alias=None) for pk in public_keys] event = EventBuilder.contact_list(contacts).sign_with_keys(keys) await client.send_event(event) print(f"Added follow to: {new_public_key}") else: print("No contact list found") if __name__ == '__main__': asyncio.run(main()) ``` https://github.com/ev3rst/nostr_sdk_examples/blob/main/ns-follow-npub.py

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I've really enjoyed these two months running ~econ. It crystallized that what I most enjoy is reading and commenting. Thankfully, our excellent contributors are giving me ample opportunities. # Metrics - Posts: 5th place - 264 - Comments: 6th place - 1653 - Stacking: 3rd place - 149.6k - Revenue: 6th place - 59.4k We're still over the breakeven point, but revenue was down from last month (still above the month before I took over, though). That means the new posting fee will be 81 sats, which is halfway back to the previous 108. # Contest Ideas Last month, I asked what people thought the best use of previously donated sats was and funding a contest seemed to get the best response. I'd like to try out a quarterly contest. The prize pool will be whatever sats have been earned, above the breakeven point, until the donated sats have all been paid out. I'm not sure if this will be a winner-takes-all thing or a top 3. I also don't want to completely defer to zaprank, so what I'll do is list the top 10 posts by zaprank and have people vote on the best post. Let me know what you think (including if this is an acceptable use of your donations, for those who made donations). originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/899082

@ 78c90fc4:4bff983c

**Gerichtliche Beschwerde wg. Arbeitsverweigerung** &#x20; Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren \ Da meine Fragen zum Schutz der Bevölkerung an das kantonale Gesundheitsamt und die weiteren Verantwortungsträger bis heute nicht beantwortet wurden, habe ich mich mit einer Beschwerde an das Kantonsgericht Baselland gewandt. Ignorieren und Wegschauen bei möglichen Offizialdelikten (schwere Körperverletzung) ist kein verantwortungsvolles Handeln. Bitte stellen Sie sich den Fragen und der Realität. \ Freundliche Grüsse Oliver Christen <https://x.com/RealWsiegrist/status/1895162279953367067> Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit sind schwerwiegende Verstöße gegen das Völkerrecht, die durch systematische oder ausgedehnte Angriffe gegen die Zivilbevölkerung gekennzeichnet sind. Sie zählen zu den Kernverbrechen des Völkerstrafrechts und sind unabhängig von Kriegszuständen strafbar.  <https://x.com/RealWsiegrist/status/1895162279953367067> ## Covid Dossier; ‭Eine Aufzeichnung der militärischen und geheimdienstlichen Koordination des globalen Covid-Ereignisses‬ ### <https://www.aletheialib.org/doc/809> 

@ 8412613c:df65608a

The book "Till We Have Faces" by C.S. Lewis had a profound spiritual impact on me, unlike most books that typically stay on an intellectual or entertainment level. I kept thinking, "Why didn't I read this sooner?" (It had been on my list for years). However, I believe I wouldn't have understood it as deeply as I did now, and I attribute that to my decision to fully embrace my Christian faith and accept Jesus as the Son of God who incarnated and resurrected—with no more questions or doubts, just faith. This choice has been truly liberating for me. Although *Till We Have Faces* is not explicitly a Christian book, it beautifully reflects the themes of voluntary sacrifice, selfless love, suffering, and the mystery of the divine by retelling the myth of Psyche and Eros from the perspective of Psyche’s sister, Orual. Her journey through profound grief and blame toward the gods ultimately leads her to inner transformation and peace at the end of her life. C.S. Lewis’ personal faith undeniably influenced his writing, often exploring spiritual and philosophical themes through the lens of myth and allegory, as we see in this book. I want to briefly mention a few topics that gave me pause: ### The case against the gods > ‘But, your eyes being open, you saw no such thing.’ > ‘You don’t think—not possibly—not as a mere hundredth chance—there might be things that are real though we can’t see them?’ > ‘Certainly I do. Such things as Justice, Equality, the Soul, or musical notes.’ > ‘Oh, grandfather, I don’t mean things like that. If there are souls, could there not be soul-houses? (p. 161). It was clever of the author to make Psyche's palace invisible to mortal eyes, as this allows readers to relate to Orual's struggle with the nature of reality. Orual faces the abyss that humans encounter when witnessing the limits of reason. > If what I saw was real. I was in great fear. Perhaps it was not real. I looked and looked to see if it would not fade or change. Then as I rose (for all this time I was still kneeling where I had drunk), almost before I stood on my feet, the whole thing was vanished. (p. 150). Even though Orual has a glimpse of the divine, she makes an important decision that will mark her for the rest of her life: she chooses to neglect recognizing her vision as the sign she had been asking for, and instead looks for other possible explanations. She thinks the gods are cruel and untrustworthy, and also blames them for their lack of clarity in their messaging. She expresses that if they wanted her to understand something, they are at fault for not being clear. > The gods never send us this invitation to delight so readily or so strongly as when they are preparing some new agony. We are their bubbles; they blow us big before they prick us. (p. 111). Orual reached her breaking point when the gods twisted what she believed to be real: her experiences and her life story. She interpreted this event as a mockery by the gods, and so decided to write a book from her perspective—a case against them—without realizing that, in doing so, she was writing a case against herself: > Now, you who read, judge between the gods and me. They gave me nothing in the world to love but Psyche and then took her from me. But that was not enough. They then brought me to her at such a place and time that it hung on my word whether she should continue in bliss or be cast out into misery. They would not tell me whether she was the bride of a god, or mad, or a brute’s or villain’s spoil. They would give no clear sign, though I begged for it. I had to guess. And because I guessed wrong they punished me—what’s worse, punished me through her. And even that was not enough; they have now sent out a lying story in which I was given no riddle to guess, but knew and saw that she was the god’s bride, and of my own will destroyed her, and that for jealousy. As if I were another Redival. I say the gods deal very unrightly with us. For they will neither (which would be best of all) go away and leave us to live our own short days to ourselves, nor will they show themselves openly and tell us what they would have us do. For that too would be endurable. But to hint and hover, to draw near us in dreams and oracles, or in a waking vision that vanishes as soon as seen, to be dead silent when we question them and then glide back and whisper (words we cannot understand) in our ears when we most wish to be free of them, and to show to one what they hide from another; what is all this but cat-and-mouse play, blindman’s buff, and mere jugglery? Why must holy places be dark places? (pp. 283-284). I have always believed in God as Jesus, yet I understand Orual's accusations. I have questioned "unfair" situations, victimized myself, and blamed God. I have also saddened the beautiful souls of believers when, in my state of rebellion, I harshly questioned their faith, even as they were showing me Christ's love. I saw myself in many of Orual's attitudes With time, I have come to understand that humans can move between reason and faith, each requiring different skills. Dismissing either is dangerous. Reason protects us from deception but it can also blind us from truths. Faith is part of what gives us purpose in life, it comes with uncertainty but also with a blessing: > Then Jesus told him, “Because you have seen me, you have believed; blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed. -John 20:39. ### Dying before dying This part of the book was truly inspiring to me because I have been obsessed with these words for a long time [^1]: > If you die before you die, you won't die when you die. -Inscription at St. Paul's Monastery on Mt. Athos. So I recognized them in the text: > Die before you die. There is no chance after. (p. 318). Orual explains what the gods meant by “dying before dying”: > Then I remembered that conversation which his friends had with Socrates before he drank the hemlock, and how he said that true wisdom is the skill and practise of death... But by the death which is wisdom I supposed he meant the death of our passions and desires and vain opinions. And immediately (it is terrible to be a fool) I thought I saw my way clear and not impossible. To say that I was Ungit meant that I was as ugly in soul as she; greedy, blood-gorged. But if I practised true philosophy, as Socrates meant it, I should change my ugly soul into a fair one. And this, the gods helping me, I would do. I would set about it at once. (pp. 321-322). These words brought me to the central Christian teaching of "dying to self" or "crucifying the old self”, which is only achieved through divine intervention. The idea of dying before dying is described by Paul as follows: > I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. -Galatians 2:20 ### Dreams Orual was stubborn and tried to fix her sorrow by another form of dying: completely changing her identity and true nature by neglecting herself and becoming someone else. This might seem similar to “dying before dying”, but the latter just comes through an act of humility and surrender by recognizing that only divine mercy can prevent us from going astray and truly heal. Orual, however, relied on her own strength and pride to endure her suffering. She hid behind a veil and metaphorically killed herself. > I had worn a veil because I wished to be secret. I now determined that I would go always veiled. I have kept this rule, within doors and without, ever since. It is a sort of treaty made with my ugliness. There had been a time in childhood when I didn’t yet know I was ugly. Then there was a time (for in this book I must hide none of my shames or follies) when I believed, as girls do—and as Batta was always telling me—that I could make it more tolerable by this or that done to my clothes or my hair. Now, I chose to be veiled. The Fox, that night, was the last man who ever saw my face; and not many women have seen it either. (p. 205). > I am the Queen; I’ll kill Orual too. (p. 256). By writing her book, Orual finally reaches a state where she is ready for divine intervention. Ultimately, she removes her veil. The following is one of the most important paragraphs: > Not many days have passed since I wrote those words no answer, but I must unroll my book again. It would be better to rewrite it from the beginning, but I think there’s no time for that. Weakness comes on me fast... Since I cannot mend the book, I must add to it. To leave it as it was would be to die perjured; I know so much more than I did about the woman who wrote it. What began the change was the very writing itself. Let no one lightly set about such a work. Memory, once waked, will play the tyrant. I found I must set down (for I was speaking as before judges and must not lie) passions and thoughts of my own which I had clean forgotten. The past which I wrote down was not the past that I thought I had (all these years) been remembering. I did not, even when I had finished the book, see clearly many things that I see now. The change which the writing wrought in me (and of which I did not write) was only a beginning—only to prepare me for the gods’ surgery. They used my own pen to probe my wound. (p. 287). Through random encounters, dreams, and visions, the gods showed Orual what she had been missing her whole life. One specific dream (or vision) caught my attention and made me think that C.S. Lewis had a profound insight while writing this masterpiece: Orual had a vision in which she presented her case against the gods in a courtroom before a judge. The assembly was made up of gods and ghosts, some of whom she knew. When the judge asked her to read her complaint, she had a scroll that was not the book she had written while recounting the story of her life. But she read it anyway until the judge said "enough," and she understood that she had read it over and over. The judge asked if she had her answer, and she replied "yes." > The complaint was the answer. To have heard myself making it was to be answered. (p. 335). This was incredible, and I could relate. I have had similar dreams in which I have a book in my hands—a book I know I wrote. Suddenly, I become lucid and tell myself, "Here is the answer; when I read it, I will know." This has been a recurring dream, and it's interesting because there are insights we only have access to on a deeper inner level. I have also dreamed of conversing with Jesus, repeating certain words, some of which I do not even remember. I interpret these kinds of dreams as follows: > In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us through wordless groans. -Romans 8:26 I think that C.S. Lewis, speaking through Orual and the Fox, understands this and writes: > Lightly men talk of saying what they mean. Often when he was teaching me to write in Greek the Fox would say, ‘Child, to say the very thing you really mean, the whole of it, nothing more or less or other than what you really mean; that’s the whole art and joy of words.’ A glib saying. When the time comes to you at which you will be forced at last to utter the speech which has lain at the centre of your soul for years, which you have, all that time, idiot-like, been saying over and over, you’ll not talk about joy of words. I saw well why the gods do not speak to us openly, nor let us answer. Till that word can be dug out of us, why should they hear the babble that we think we mean? How can they meet us face to face till we have faces? (p. 335). I am very impressed with how the author explored Orual's life through her own eyes, enabling the reader to understand her transformation once she finally confronted her shortcomings and humbly accepted divine wisdom. With this new knowledge, she could finally see her path from a different perspective. Furthermore, the reader was able to appreciate the role of the gods: they weren’t meant to alleviate Orual’s suffering, but rather to lead her to see that it had a purpose—to transcend. This story made me reflect on my own journey and acknowledge Jesus's presence and mercy in my life and His selfless love as the key to transformation. --- This book resonated so deeply with me. I absolutely recommend it. To C.S. Lewis, thank you—your words truly touched my heart. --- ### References: Lewis, C. S.. Till We Have Faces: A Myth Retold. Kindle Edition. [^1]: See: https://habla.news/u/nancyqa@mynostr.space/1691458659942

@ a5caac8b:172ed717

 ### **Descubre una Oportunidad Única: Nuestra Propiedad Rústica en Tulum con Potencial Inmenso** Buscamos personas interesadas en explorar una inversión sólida, sostenible y alineada con el futuro de las finanzas descentralizadas. Queremos compartir con ustedes nuestra propiedad excepcional ubicada en **La Veleta**, Tulum, un lugar donde la naturaleza se fusiona con el estilo de vida moderno y el ecosistema Bitcoin. ### **Características destacadas de esta joya rústica:** - **Construcción robusta:** Diseñamos esta propiedad con materiales locales como piedra y Chucum, reflejando autenticidad y resistencia. - **Fuente propia de agua:** Garantiza independencia hídrica, un valor inigualable en la región. - **Vegetación abundante:** Un oasis verde que conecta directamente con la esencia de Tulum. - **Ubicación estratégica:** Está súper céntrica, rodeada de los sitios más hermosos de la región, perfecta tanto para residencia como para negocio. - **Documentación al día:** Todo está en regla y listo para transacciones seguras. ### **Nuestra propuesta para la administración y finanzas** Estamos buscando colaboradores para gestionar y/o comprar esta propiedad. Ya sea mediante plataformas como **Nostr**, **Telegram** o **Element (en Matrix)**, podemos coordinarnos de manera eficiente para cualquier aspecto relacionado con la propiedad. Además, si están interesados en adquirirla, queremos destacar que recientemente ajustamos el precio en **170,000 USD menos** tras cuatro años en el mercado. Este cambio refleja nuestro compromiso con encontrar a los socios ideales que valoren no solo la belleza del lugar, sino también su potencial financiero dentro del ecosistema Bitcoin. ### **Por qué invertir aquí?** 1. **Negocio rentable:** Ideal para emprendedores que deseen desarrollar proyectos turísticos, ecológicos o incluso tecnológicos en una de las regiones más codiciadas del mundo. 2. **Valorización asegurada:** La tendencia inmobiliaria en Tulum sigue creciendo año con año. 3. **Sostenibilidad y tecnología:** Combina la magia natural de México con herramientas innovadoras. ### **Comunicación Multilingüe** Ofrecemos la posibilidad de comunicarnos en **español, alemán e inglés**, lo que facilitará la interacción con inversores de diferentes partes del mundo. No duden en contactarnos si son visionarios dispuestos a explorar nuevas formas de inversión en bienes raíces utilizando Bitcoin. Estamos emocionados por conectar con ustedes y construir juntos un futuro próspero. **Contacto:** No duden en escribirnos. Respondemos todas sus preguntas con detalle y entusiasmo. ¡Juntos podemos transformar esta propiedad en un proyecto extraordinario! --- #TulumRealEstate #BitcoinFriendly #SustainableLiving #InvestInTulum #RusticCharm #PropertyForSale #DecentralizedFinance #TulumDreams --- ### **Discover a Unique Opportunity: Our Rustic Property in Tulum with Incredible Potential** We are looking for individuals interested in exploring a solid, sustainable investment aligned with the future of decentralized finance. We want to share with you our exceptional property located in **La Veleta**, Tulum—a place where nature blends seamlessly with modern living and the Bitcoin ecosystem. ### **Key Features of this Rustic Gem:** - **Sturdy construction:** We designed this property using local materials like stone and Chucum, reflecting authenticity and durability. - **Own water source:** Ensures hydrological independence, an invaluable asset in the region. - **Abundant vegetation:** A lush green haven that connects directly with the essence of Tulum. - **Strategic location:** Centrally located, surrounded by the most beautiful spots in the region, perfect for both residential and business use. - **Up-to-date documentation:** Everything is in order and ready for secure transactions. ### **Our Proposal for Management and Finances** We are seeking collaborators to manage and/or purchase this property. Whether through platforms like **Nostr**, **Telegram** or **Element (on Matrix)**, we can efficiently coordinate any aspect related to the property. Additionally, if you're interested in acquiring it, we’d like to highlight that we recently reduced the price by **$170,000 USD** after four years on the market. This adjustment reflects our commitment to finding the ideal partners who appreciate not only the beauty of the place but also its financial potential within the Bitcoin ecosystem. ### **Why Invest Here?** 1. **Profitable business opportunity:** Perfect for entrepreneurs looking to develop tourism, ecological, or even tech projects in one of the world's most sought-after regions. 2. **Guaranteed appreciation:** The real estate trend in Tulum continues to grow year after year. 3. **Sustainability and technology:** Combines the natural magic of Mexico with innovative tools. ### **Multilingual Communication** We offer the possibility of communicating in **Spanish, German, and English**, making interaction easier for investors from around the world. Don’t hesitate to reach out if you’re visionaries eager to explore new ways to invest in real estate using Bitcoin. We’re excited to connect with you and build a prosperous future together. **Contact:** Feel free to write to us. We’ll be happy to answer all your questions in detail and with enthusiasm. Together, we can turn this property into an extraordinary project! --- #TulumRealEstate #BitcoinFriendly #SustainableLiving #InvestInTulum #RusticCharm #PropertyForSale #DecentralizedFinance #TulumDreams --- ### **Entdeckt eine einzigartige Gelegenheit: Unsere rustikale Immobilie in Tulum mit enormem Potenzial** Wir suchen Personen, die daran interessiert sind, eine feste, nachhaltige Investition zu tätigen, die sich auf die Zukunft der dezentralisierten Finanzen ausrichtet. Wir möchten euch unsere außergewöhnliche Immobilie in **La Veleta**, Tulum vorstellen – ein Ort, an dem Natur nahtlos mit dem modernen Leben und dem Bitcoin-Ekosystem verschmilzt. ### **Herausragende Merkmale dieser rustikalen Perle:** - **Robuste Bauweise:** Wir haben diese Immobilie mit lokalen Materialien wie Stein und Chucum gebaut, um Authentizität und Beständigkeit widerzuspiegeln. - **Eigen Quelle:** Sicherstellt wertvolle Wasserunabhängigkeit, ein unschätzbarer Vorteil in der Region. - **Reiche Vegetation:** Ein grünes Paradies, das euch direkt mit der Essenz von Tulum verbindet. - **Strategisch günstige Lage:** Zentral gelegen, umgeben von den schönsten Plätzen der Region, ideal sowohl für Wohnzwecke als auch für Geschäfte. - **Aktuelle Dokumentation:** Alles ist aktuell und bereit für sichere Transaktionen. ### **Unser Angebot zur Verwaltung und Finanzen** Wir suchen Mitstreiter, um diese Immobilie gemeinsam zu verwalten und/oder zu kaufen. Ob über Plattformen wie **Nostr**, **Telegram** oder **Element (auf Matrix)**, können wir alle Aspekte der Immobilie effizient koordinieren. Außerdem, wenn ihr Interesse habt, sie zu erwerben, möchten wir betonen, dass wir den Preis kürzlich um **170.000 USD** gesenkt haben, nachdem sie vier Jahre lang auf dem Markt war. Diese Anpassung spiegelt unser Engagement wider, die idealen Partner zu finden, die nicht nur die Schönheit des Ortes schätzen, sondern auch sein finanzielles Potenzial im Bitcoin-Ekosystem. ### **Warum hier investieren?** 1. **Rentables Geschäft:** Ideal für Unternehmer, die Tourismus-, ökologische oder sogar technologische Projekte in einer der weltweit begehrtesten Regionen entwickeln möchten. 2. **Gewährleistung von Wertsteigerung:** Die Immobilientrends in Tulum steigen Jahr für Jahr weiter. 3. **Nachhaltigkeit und Technologie:** Kombiniert die natürliche Magie Mexikos mit innovativen Tools. ### **Mehrsprachige Kommunikation** Wir bieten die Möglichkeit an, uns in **Spanisch, Deutsch und Englisch** zu kommunizieren, was die Interaktion mit Investoren aus aller Welt erleichtert. Zögert nicht, euch zu melden, wenn ihr Visionäre seid, die neue Wege zur Immobilieninvestition mit Bitcoin erforschen möchten. Wir freuen uns darauf, mit euch zusammenzuarbeiten und gemeinsam eine erfolgreiche Zukunft aufzubauen. **Kontakt:** Schreibt uns einfach. Wir werden alle eure Fragen detailliert und enthusiastisch beantworten. Zusammen können wir diese Immobilie in ein außergewöhnliches Projekt verwandeln! --- #TulumImmobilien #BitcoinFreundlich #NachhaltigesLeben #InvestiereInTulum #RustikalerCharme #ImmobilieZuVerkaufen #DezentralisierteFinanzen #TulumTräume

@ 4523be58:ba1facd0

# NIP-118 ## Nostr Double Ratchet Invites In order to start a [NIP-117](./117.md) Nostr Double Ratchet session, Alice and Bob need to exchange ephemeral public keys and a shared secret. In a Nostr Double Ratchet invite, Alice gives Bob her - ephemeral public key, which is also used to respond to the invite on Nostr, - shared secret, and - Nostr identity public key, which is used to authenticate the exchange. ### Nostr event Publishing an invite event on Nostr allows other users to start a Double Ratchet session with you. ```typescript { pubkey: inviterIdentityKey, content: '', tags: [ ['d', `double-ratchet/invites/${uid}`], // uid: unique name for the invitation, e.g. "public" ['l', 'double-ratchet/invites'], // label, for listing all your invites ['ephemeralKey', inviterEphemeralKey], ['sharedSecret', sharedSecret] ], kind: 30078, created_at, id, sig } ``` `l` is a [NIP-32](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/32.md) label tag that can be used to list your invites. We use this approach with [NIP-78](./78.md) application specific data kind `30078` in order to not bloat the event kind space and instead have a human-readable label. ### URL Invites can be also shared privately, without requiring a Nostr event. This improves privacy, removing the public association between the inviter and response. URL and QR code are often convenient ways to share privately, especially when the other user is not yet on Nostr. Format: ```typescript const invite = { inviter, ephemeralKey, sharedSecret }; const json = JSON.stringify(invite); const url = `https://example.com/#${encodeURIComponent(json)}`; ``` Encoding the invite into the URL hash ensures it's not sent to the server and logged by default. `nostr:` URI scheme is another possible way to share invites, when we have native clients supporting the feature. ### Invite response #### Outer event Invite response outer event is a [NIP-59](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/59.md) gift wrap event of kind `1059`, sent from a random, one-time-use pubkey, hiding the responder's identity from the public. It is addressed to the ephemeral key in the invite. If the invite was publicly shared, responses can be publicly associated to the inviter. #### Inner event [NIP-59](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/59.md) Rumor. ```typescript const conversationKey = nip44.getConversationKey( inviteeKeyPair, inviterPublicKey ); const encrypted1 = encrypt(inviteeEphemeralKey, conversationKey); const encrypted2 = encrypt(encrypted1, sharedSecret); const rumor = { pubkey: inviteePublicKey, kind: 1060, content: encrypted2, tags: [], createdAt, id, }; ``` After receiving the invite response, both parties have what they need to start a double ratchet session: each others' ephemeral public keys and a shared secret. Both parties have authenticated by encrypting or decrypting using their nip44 conversation key. The shared secret from the invite is used in the response to ensure that only actual recipients of the invite can follow it. Otherwise, attackers could initiate double ratchet sessions by sending invite responses to all addresses that received gift wraps, some of which are private invite addresses.

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

<div style="position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/div>?enablejsapi=1" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>

@ 6260f29f:2ee2fcd4

# titleeee test

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Here are today's picks using my proprietary betting strategy at [Freebitcoin](https://freebitco.in/?r=51325722). For details about what Risk Balanced Odds Arbitrage is and why it works see https://stacker.news/items/342765/r/Undisciplined. There were so many today, that I abandoned the markdown table. I recommend skipping the ones that are taking place within a week (the early bonus isn't great for those).  originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/898935

@ 2efaa715:3d987331

# Cost of a 1960s Diet vs Modern Food Costs by Decade > The following is a result from ChatGPT's "deep research" feature when asked to analyze what a "1960s diet" would cost in each subsequent decade. > The CPI and basket of goods is constantly adjusted to "reflect consumer purchasing behavior", but this metric overlooks the fact that _consumer behavior itself is guided by prices_. Just because someone _does_ buy something doesn't mean they would _prefer_ this good over another (potentially superior) good, all it tells you is that they _did_ buy it. When the cost of living off of higher quality foods becomes too great to bear, consumers will trade-down to lower-quality foods. When the CPI reflects this, even a "steady inflation number" hides the fact that **quality of life** has degraded. > If you don't want to read the whole thing, at least check out the conclusion at the end. Everything from here down was generated by the AI after rounds of nudging by me. > Also the cover image, obviously (lol) Following a **1960s-style diet** – rich in red meat, dairy, and unprocessed “whole” foods – has become increasingly expensive over time. Below we examine each decade from 1960 to the present, tracking how much the cost of that fixed 1960s diet rose and comparing it to the **prevailing food costs (CPI)** shaped by consumers adapting their eating habits. Key staples like red meat, dairy, grains, and processed foods are highlighted to show the impact of inflation on a traditional diet versus switching to cheaper substitutes. ## 1960s: Baseline of Affordable Abundance - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** Food prices rose modestly in the 1960s (around **2–3% per year**). Over the decade, maintaining the same 1960 basket led to roughly a **25–30% increase** in cost ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1960%2424.38%200.91,0.35%25%201968%2428.06%203.24)). This was a relatively small jump compared to later decades. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** For example, if a household spent **$100 per week in 1960** on the typical foods (plentiful beef, whole milk, butter, eggs, etc.), by **1970** that same diet cost about **$125–$130** in nominal dollars. Everyday items were cheap: ground beef was only **$0.30 per lb in the late 1950s**, and butter about **$0.75 per lb ([Grocery Store Prices for 14 Items in 1957 | HowStuffWorks](https://money.howstuffworks.com/Grocery-store-prices-for-14-items-in-1957.htm#:~:text=4%3A%20Ground%20Beef)) ([Grocery Store Prices for 14 Items in 1957 | HowStuffWorks](https://money.howstuffworks.com/Grocery-store-prices-for-14-items-in-1957.htm#:~:text=When%20they%20weren%27t%20cooking%20with,fashioned%20butter%20today))**. Americans could afford more of these foods as incomes grew. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** The official food Consumer Price Index (CPI) climbed at a similar pace (~28% increase from 1960 to 1970 ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1960%2424.38%200.91,0.35%25%201968%2428.06%203.24))), since consumer behavior hadn’t drastically shifted yet. Few felt pressure to substitute cheaper foods because inflation was mild. In fact, many families **ate more** of these staples as prosperity rose – U.S. **beef consumption per person increased from ~63 lbs in 1960 to 84 lbs by 1970**, while chicken rose from 28 to 48 lbs ([National Chicken Council | Per Capita Consumption of Poultry and Livestock, 1965 to Forecast 2022, in Pounds](https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-the-industry/statistics/per-capita-consumption-of-poultry-and-livestock-1965-to-estimated-2012-in-pounds/#:~:text=1960%2063,5)). Any cost savings from “behavior changes” were minimal in the 60s. (One early example: margarine was already replacing some butter for health/cost reasons, but butter was still affordable in 1960 at ~$0.75, so sticking to butter didn’t break the bank ([Grocery Store Prices for 14 Items in 1957 | HowStuffWorks](https://money.howstuffworks.com/Grocery-store-prices-for-14-items-in-1957.htm#:~:text=When%20they%20weren%27t%20cooking%20with,fashioned%20butter%20today)).) Overall, adapting one’s diet wasn’t necessary for budget reasons in the 1960s, as **food was relatively cheap and inflation low**. ## 1970s: Soaring Prices Hit Traditional Diets Hard - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** The 1970s brought **surging food inflation**. A fixed 1960s-style diet would cost roughly **double (+100% or more)** by the end of the decade. In particular, **meat and dairy prices skyrocketed**. Beef prices **roughly doubled** from 1970 to 1980 (the BLS beef index jumped from the 40s to nearly 100 ([Beef and veal price inflation, 1935→2025](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Beef-and-veal/price-inflation#:~:text=17,386))), contributing to an overall ~**120% increase** in the cost of a meat-heavy 1960s basket during the 70s. By comparison, overall food-at-home prices rose about **121%** in that span ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1973%2438.45%2016.30,1981%2473.39%207.30)) – a huge jump in itself. The worst spikes came in 1973–74, when food prices jumped **15–16% in a single year ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=,Bureau%20of%20Labor%20Statistics))**. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** Someone stubbornly sticking to their 1960 grocery list in this era paid a steep price. If they spent $100 per week in 1970, by **1980** they’d need to spend roughly **$220–$230** for the same items. For instance, mid-decade a pound of steak that cost ~$1 in the late 60s might cost $2–3 by the late 70s. Whole milk prices also roughly **doubled** in the 70s ([Fresh whole milk price inflation, 1939→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Fresh-whole-milk/price-inflation#:~:text=32,324)). This era’s inflation was so severe that it forced a re-budgeting for those insisting on expensive staples. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** While **all** consumers felt the 70s price shock, those who **adapted their diets mitigated the impact**. Many Americans reacted by **buying less red meat or switching to cheaper proteins**. Notably, when beef became very expensive (meat prices jumped **5.4% in just one month in early 1973 ([1973 meat boycott - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_meat_boycott#:~:text=Meat%20prices%20began%20to%20rise,3))**), consumers staged a “meat boycott” and turned to poultry, pork, or beans. Poultry was a big winner – chicken prices did rise (44% in 1973 ([Fresh whole chicken price inflation, 1935→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Fresh-whole-chicken/price-inflation#:~:text=,Bureau%20of%20Labor%20Statistics))), but over the decade chicken remained cheaper per pound than beef, and **per capita chicken consumption climbed while beef consumption dropped** ([National Chicken Council | Per Capita Consumption of Poultry and Livestock, 1965 to Forecast 2022, in Pounds](https://www.nationalchickencouncil.org/about-the-industry/statistics/per-capita-consumption-of-poultry-and-livestock-1965-to-estimated-2012-in-pounds/#:~:text=1978%2087,0)). Processed and shelf-stable foods also gained favor as thrifty alternatives; for example, consumers might buy canned soups or powdered drink mixes which had smaller price increases. The **official CPI (which reflects some substitution)** still rose dramatically (~**105%** for food in the 70s ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1973%2438.45%2016.30,1981%2473.39%207.30))), but the true **cost of living was a bit lower for those who adapted**. By cutting back on expensive items (or stretching them – e.g. more casseroles with grains/veggies and less meat), families could keep their food spending increase somewhat below the headline inflation. In short, a person clinging to the high-red-meat, butter-on-everything diet of 1960 ended up paying **much more** in the 70s, whereas those who embraced **cheaper substitutes (chicken instead of steak, margarine instead of butter, generic and processed foods)** softened the blow. The late 1970s also saw food costs stabilize under price controls, rewarding those who diversified their diet away from the costliest staples. ([Chicken leads U.S. per person availability of meat over last decade | Economic Research Service](http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/chart-detail?chartId=105929)) *Per capita availability of meat in the U.S., 1910–2021. **Beef** (gray line) peaked in the 1970s and then declined as prices rose and consumers ate more **chicken** (yellow line). Chicken overtook beef as the most consumed meat by 2010, thanks to its lower cost and dietary shifts ([Chicken leads U.S. per person availability of meat over last decade | Economic Research Service](http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/chart-detail?chartId=105929#:~:text=The%20supply%20of%20chicken%20available,9%20pounds%20per%20person)). Pork (red) held roughly steady, while fish (purple) remained a small share. This illustrates how Americans adjusted their protein sources over decades in response to price and preferences.* ([Chicken leads U.S. per person availability of meat over last decade | Economic Research Service](http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/chart-detail?chartId=105929#:~:text=The%20supply%20of%20chicken%20available,9%20pounds%20per%20person)) ## 1980s: Slowing Inflation and New Dietary Habits - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** Inflation cooled in the 1980s, making food prices more stable. Even so, a fixed 1960s diet saw about a **50% cost increase** over the decade. That means the same basket that cost $100 in 1980 would cost around **$150 by 1990**. This increase was much lower than the 70s, but still notable. Meats and dairy had smaller price jumps now (beef rose ~38% from 1980–90, milk ~45% ([Fresh whole milk price inflation, 1939→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Fresh-whole-milk/price-inflation#:~:text=32,324))), and overall food-at-home prices climbed ~**40–50%** ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1979%2463.33%2010.81,1987%2486.60%204.32)) ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1989%2496.14%206.57,1997%24122.41%202.49)) in the 80s. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** If our traditional-diet shopper spent $220/week in 1980 (continuing the prior example), by **1990** they’d be spending roughly **$330** for the same groceries. For instance, a gallon of whole milk that cost about $1.50 in 1980 might be ~$2.20 by 1990; a pound of ground beef around $1.20 in 1980 could be ~$1.75 in 1990. These nominal increases were easier to manage than the wild 70s, but still added up. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** In the 80s, **consumer behavior had permanently shifted** due to the prior decade’s lessons. Many households continued to favor **cheaper or leaner foods**, and this helped keep their actual cost of living lower than if they had stuck to the old diet. For example, **butter consumption plunged** (per capita fell from 7.5 lbs in 1960 to ~4.5 lbs by 1980) as people used margarine and processed spreads instead ([cameracopy4.qxd](https://ers.usda.gov/sites/default/files/_laserfiche/publications/41035/15333_aer780g_1_.pdf?v=74489#:~:text=commodity%2C%20illustrates%20the%20underlying%20dynamics,the%20processed%20dairy%20products%20group)). Butter lost its hefty weight in the price index, reflecting how few people still bought it regularly by the 80s. Similarly, beef was no longer king – Americans were eating **20% less beef than in the 70s, and far more chicken**, which was mass-produced cheaply ([Chicken leads U.S. per person availability of meat over last decade | Economic Research Service](http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/chart-detail?chartId=105929#:~:text=The%20supply%20of%20chicken%20available,9%20pounds%20per%20person)). The **CPI’s market basket was updated in 1987**, locking in these new habits (more poultry and convenience foods, fewer expensive staples). As a result, **official food inflation** in the 80s was moderate, and those who already had adapted their diet felt roughly the same ~50% rise as the CPI. However, someone who *refused* to change – still buying large quantities of red meat, whole milk, fresh butter, etc. – would have spent **more** than the average person. They missed out on the savings from things like **economy cuts of meat, bulk grains, and processed goods** that became popular. By the late 1980s, the U.S. food system was delivering **cheaper calories** (e.g. refined grains, corn oil, sweeteners) on a huge scale. Families that incorporated these cheaper ingredients (think Hamburger Helper, microwave dinners, soda instead of milk) kept their grocery bills lower. Indeed, food became a smaller share of household spending: it fell from **28.5% of the family budget in 1960 to about 17% by 1980 ([cameracopy4.qxd](https://ers.usda.gov/sites/default/files/_laserfiche/publications/41035/15333_aer780g_1_.pdf?v=74489#:~:text=A%20review%20of%20changing%20weights,All%20items))**, a testament to how adapting food choices and benefitting from cheaper options lowered the relative cost of living. ## 1990s: Cheaper Alternatives in an Era of Low Inflation - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** The 1990s saw **very low food inflation** by historical standards. Maintaining the exact 1960s diet through this decade would raise costs by only about **25–30%**. Food-at-home prices increased roughly **2–3% per year** or **~27% total from 1990 to 2000 ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1989%2496.14%206.57,1997%24122.41%202.49)) ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1997%24122.41%202.49,2005%24146.89%201.93))** – similar to general inflation. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** Continuing our scenario, $330/week in 1990 for a 1960-style diet would become about **$420–$430/week by 2000**. Many staple food prices barely crept up. For example, a loaf of bread or a dozen eggs only rose by a few dimes over the whole decade. In some cases prices even stagnated or fell: U.S. farm commodities were abundant (grain surpluses kept costs of cereal, flour, and animal feed low). The late 90s had such cheap raw ingredients that milk, meat, and sugar prices were relatively stable. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** By the 90s, **behavior-adjusted costs were markedly lower** than our fixed diet scenario, because consumers had spent two decades optimizing their food spending. The **prevailing diet in the 90s was very different from the 60s**, driven by cost efficiency and convenience. Shoppers embraced warehouse clubs and discount supermarkets, bought **private-label/store brands**, and leaned heavily on **processed foods** that benefited from cheap oil and corn. For instance, instead of whole fresh foods for every meal, families might use instant pasta mixes, boxed cereals, and soft drinks – items produced at scale and often cheaper per calorie. This kept **average grocery bills lower**. In fact, the cost of living for food rose so slowly in the 90s that it was common to “trade up” some items (like occasionally buying steak or exotic fruits) and still stay on budget. A person strictly sticking to a 1960s whole-food diet (cooking from scratch, lots of fresh meat and dairy) would **not** enjoy those processed-food savings. By this time they’d be paying **noticeably more** than the average consumer for the same caloric intake. Studies began to note a troubling pattern: **healthier whole foods were getting relatively more expensive, while unhealthy processed options remained very cheap**. (For example, fresh produce prices in the U.S. rose faster than soda and snack prices in the 80s/90s.) The overall CPI for food was low in the 90s, reflecting these substitutions. A clear sign of the era: **fast-food value meals and junk snacks proliferated**, offering calories at rock-bottom prices. Those who adapted their diet to include these inexpensive foods saw a **much lower increase in their cost of living** – and in some cases, food spending as a share of income hit record lows. Meanwhile, someone clinging to only unprocessed “old-fashioned” foods would have a higher grocery bill and experienced a higher effective inflation than the behavior-adjusted CPI. In short, the 1990s made it **easier than ever to save money on food – if you were willing to eat like a 1990s consumer**. ## 2000s: Diverging Diet Costs – Whole Foods vs Processed - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** Food costs in the 2000s rose at a modest pace, very similar to the 90s. A fixed 1960s diet would increase about **25–30% in cost** over the decade (roughly keeping up with general inflation). From 2000 to 2010 the food-at-home CPI climbed ~**29%** ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1997%24122.41%202.49,2005%24146.89%201.93)) ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=2005%24146.89%201.93,2013%24181.02%200.90)). There were a couple of price spikes mid-decade (e.g. 2007–2008 saw grain and dairy price jumps), but also some years of minimal change. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** Our hypothetical shopper spending $420 in 2000 would be around **$540 per week by 2010** for the same basket. Key 1960s staples did get pricier in the 2000s: e.g. whole milk went from about $2.80/gal in 2000 to $3.50+ by 2010; ground beef from ~$1.80 to ~$2.25/lb over the decade. But the increases were gradual. Notably, by 2010 many traditional items (meats, eggs, dairy) were **cheaper in real terms than in the 1970s** – thanks to efficiency gains – even if nominal prices edged up. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** The 2000s is when the gap between a “traditional whole-food diet” and the **average diet’s cost** really started to widen. The official CPI remained fairly low, in part because consumers kept shifting towards **cheaper ingredients and prepared foods**. Two diverging trends emerged: - Many consumers, facing tight budgets especially after the 2008 recession, doubled down on **low-cost, energy-dense foods**. This meant more refined grains (white bread, pasta, rice), processed snacks, sweetened drinks, and fatty meats – all of which were inexpensive and often on promotion. These items benefited from globalized supply chains and agricultural surpluses, keeping their prices down or rising very slowly. For example, corn-based sweeteners and oils were so cheap that soda and fried foods remained very affordable in the 2000s. - On the other hand, some consumers began seeking **healthier “whole” foods** (organic produce, whole grains, lean meats). But these often came at a premium and saw higher inflation. Someone maintaining a 1960s-style home-cooked diet (lots of fresh ingredients) fell into this category almost by definition. They would have experienced **higher effective inflation** than the average. Research confirms this divergence: in recent analyses, the **cost of a healthy recommended diet has risen faster than the cost of an unhealthy diet**. For instance, during 2019–2022, prices of healthy foods (fruits, veggies, lean proteins, etc.) jumped **12.8% in one year**, whereas “unhealthy” food prices rose only **7–9%** ([ Healthy Food Prices Increased More Than the Prices of Unhealthy Options during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Concurrent Challenges to the Food System - PMC ](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9967271/#:~:text=diet%20cost%20increased%2017.9,less%20affordable)). This pattern had been building over the 2000s. Thus, those who **adapted by buying the cheapest processed options saw a smaller cost-of-living increase** than those buying whole foods. By the end of the 2000s, the U.S. was in a situation where **following a 1960s diet cost significantly more than an average 2000s diet**, even though overall inflation was mild. In practical terms, a family could slash their grocery bill by switching from fresh-cooked dinners with milk to, say, boxed mac-and-cheese with soda – and many did. The CPI implicitly captured this shift: food remained about ~13% of consumer spending in the 2000s (near historic lows), partly because people found ever-cheaper ways to eat. ## 2010s: Relative Stability (Until a Shock) - **Percentage Increase in Cost:** The 2010s were a decade of **exceptionally low food inflation**. A fixed 1960s diet’s cost rose only about **15–20%** in total through 2010–2019. For most of those years, food prices grew less than 2% annually (some years even saw slight deflation in grocery prices ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=2011%24175.09%204.80,0.20%25%202018%24185.51%200.45%25%202019%24187.14%200.88))). From 2010 to 2020 the food-at-home index went up about **16%** ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=2009%24166.51%200.47,0.20)) ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=2017%24184.68,2024%24237.27%201.19)) – the slowest growth of any decade in this analysis. - **Cost in Era’s Currency:** In our running example, $540/week in 2010 for the old-fashioned diet would become roughly **$620–$630 by 2020**. In other words, nearly flat in real terms. Many staple food prices were remarkably steady. A gallon of whole milk hovered around $3.50–$4 throughout the decade; a pound of chicken breasts stayed near $1.99 for years. The **shale oil boom** and low energy costs, plus technological advances in agriculture, helped keep food production and transportation cheap. By the late 2010s, Americans enjoyed some of the **lowest food inflation on record**. - **Comparison to CPI (Behavior-Adjusted):** With inflation so low, the difference between sticking to a 1960s diet and the average diet’s cost was less pronounced *during* this decade – everyone benefited from stable prices. However, it’s important to note that by the 2010s the **average diet was very far removed from the 1960s diet**, largely for economic reasons built up over prior decades. The average American in 2019 was consuming lots of inexpensive processed foods and far less of the pricey whole foods that defined 1960. This meant their cost of living was inherently lower. For those still following a traditional diet, their basket cost hadn’t risen much in the 2010s, but it was starting from a **much higher base** relative to typical consumers. In effect, the “gap” was already baked in. Government data continued to show that **healthy food plans cost more** – a trend consistent with the idea that a whole-food diet remained pricier than the mix of convenience foods most people bought. By the end of the 2010s, food was only about 12–13% of household expenditures on average, reflecting decades of substitutions and cheaper alternatives keeping costs down ([cameracopy4.qxd](https://ers.usda.gov/sites/default/files/_laserfiche/publications/41035/15333_aer780g_1_.pdf?v=74489#:~:text=A%20review%20of%20changing%20weights,All%20items)). A person eating like it’s 1960 (lots of red meat roasts, fresh veggies, whole milk) in 2019 would likely be spending well above that share. In summary, the 2010s offered a **breather**: low inflation meant even “old diet” holdouts weren’t punished by price hikes, but they were still paying more than those who had long ago adapted to the economical 2010s food landscape. *(Note: The **early 2020s** have seen a sharp inflationary spike for food, largely due to pandemic disruptions and war. Interestingly, this spike hit fresh foods and meats harder than processed foods, echoing the long-term pattern. For example, in one study the cost of a healthy diet rose **17.9%** from 2019–2022, whereas the typical less-healthy diet rose **9% ([ Healthy Food Prices Increased More Than the Prices of Unhealthy Options during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Concurrent Challenges to the Food System - PMC ](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9967271/#:~:text=diet%20cost%20increased%2017.9,less%20affordable))**. This underscores that when inflation strikes, sticking to a traditional wholesome diet tends to *cost more* than making do with cheaper substitutes. As of 2022–2023, consumers again coped by buying store brands, cutting meat consumption, etc., to soften the blow – much as they did in the 1970s.)* ## **Conclusion: Traditional Diet vs Adaptive Diet – Which Costs More?** Over six decades, inflation has raised all food prices, but **not uniformly**. Someone maintaining a fixed 1960s-style diet from 1960 through today would have seen their food costs rise far more than the official “cost of food” suggests – because the official index assumes people adjust their buying. In fact, by 2020 such a person would be spending roughly **8–10 times** what they spent in 1960 on food in nominal dollars, whereas the behavior-adjusted CPI for food rose about 8-fold ([Beef and veal price inflation, 1935→2025](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Beef-and-veal/price-inflation#:~:text=Between%201935%20and%202025%3A%20Beef,beef%20and%20veal%20was%20higher)) ([Fresh whole chicken price inflation, 1935→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Fresh-whole-chicken/price-inflation#:~:text=are%20805.12,02%20difference%20in%20value)). That implies perhaps a **20–25% higher cumulative cost** for the fixed diet follower. The biggest contributors were **red meat and dairy:** these had higher-than-average inflation over the long run. For example, beef prices rose much faster than overall prices (3,637% since 1935) ([Beef and veal price inflation, 1935→2025](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Beef-and-veal/price-inflation#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20U,45%20difference%20in%20value)), while chicken (a cheaper substitute) had lower inflation (805% since 1935) ([Fresh whole chicken price inflation, 1935→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Fresh-whole-chicken/price-inflation#:~:text=are%20805.12,02%20difference%20in%20value)). Consumers responded accordingly – eating less beef and butter, and more chicken and margarine, as decades passed. Grains and processed foods, often mass-produced from low-cost commodities, helped keep modern diets affordable; whole foods did not see such dramatic cost efficiencies. In each decade, **those who adapted their food choices enjoyed a lower cost of living increase** than those who stuck with the old-school diet. The 1970s illustrated this vividly (households that substituted chicken or pasta when steak prices spiked avoided some of the worst budget pain). By the 2000s and 2010s, the **typical American diet was heavily “behavior-adjusted” for cost** – full of cheaper oils, sweeteners, and protein sources – which kept the **CPI food inflation** relatively low. Meanwhile, a person trying to eat like it’s 1960 (lots of red meat, whole milk, homemade meals) ended up paying a premium each year to do so. In summary, **inflation heavily penalized the maintenance of a 1960s diet**. Each decade saw that fixed basket get relatively more expensive, especially for categories like red meat and dairy. In contrast, Americans who embraced **cheaper substitutes and new foods** managed to keep their food spending growth below the inflation that a “fixed basket” would imply. This behavior-adjustment – switching from costly whole foods to economical processed and alternative foods – has been a key reason the **reported CPI for food** rose more slowly. It quantifies how much lower the cost of living was for those who adapted: often shaving **several percentage points off per-year inflation**, and cumulatively making food far more affordable than it would have been under the old diet. The trade-off, of course, is that while the **traditional 1960s diet was nutritious but now expensive**, the **modern adapted diet is cheaper but often less healthy**. Consumers effectively used substitutions to **counteract food inflation**, saving money at the expense of dietary changes. The decades-long outcome is clear – financially, **eating in 2023 like it’s 1963 will cost you significantly more** than eating like a 2023 consumer, due to the compounding effect of differential inflation and behavior shifts over time. **Other Sources:** - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Historical CPI data for food categories ([Food at home price inflation, 1947→2024](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Food-at-home/price-inflation#:~:text=1973%2438.45%2016.30,1981%2473.39%207.30)) ([Beef and veal price inflation, 1935→2025](https://www.in2013dollars.com/Beef-and-veal/price-inflation#:~:text=17,386)) - USDA Economic Research Service – Food price reports and consumption trends ([Chicken leads U.S. per person availability of meat over last decade | Economic Research Service](http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/charts-of-note/chart-detail?chartId=105929#:~:text=The%20supply%20of%20chicken%20available,9%20pounds%20per%20person)) ([cameracopy4.qxd](https://ers.usda.gov/sites/default/files/_laserfiche/publications/41035/15333_aer780g_1_.pdf?v=74489#:~:text=commodity%2C%20illustrates%20the%20underlying%20dynamics,the%20processed%20dairy%20products%20group)) - *The Value of a Dollar* – mid-20th-century grocery prices (e.g. 1957 butter, beef) ([Grocery Store Prices for 14 Items in 1957 | HowStuffWorks](https://money.howstuffworks.com/Grocery-store-prices-for-14-items-in-1957.htm#:~:text=4%3A%20Ground%20Beef)) ([Grocery Store Prices for 14 Items in 1957 | HowStuffWorks](https://money.howstuffworks.com/Grocery-store-prices-for-14-items-in-1957.htm#:~:text=When%20they%20weren%27t%20cooking%20with,fashioned%20butter%20today)) - Congressional Research Service – Food inflation and consumer responses ([1973 meat boycott - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_meat_boycott#:~:text=Meat%20prices%20began%20to%20rise,3)) - Academic study on healthy vs unhealthy diet cost inflation - ([pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9967271/#:~:text=diet%20cost%20increased%2017.9,less%20affordable))

@ 889b19eb:ff45973f

A Bitcoin seed phrase, also known as a mnemonic phrase or recovery phrase, is a list of words which store all the information needed to recover your Bitcoin wallet. The seed phrase is effectively a master key to your wallet and having secure backups of your seed phrase ensures you don't lose your stack in the case of a hardware or software wallet failure. There are various physical backup mediums including steal plates and discs you can stamp your seed phrase onto but another option is to store your seed phrase securely in your head. This has the added benefit that it cant be stolen (at least at the time of writing), takes up no physical space and there is something rather cool about having your family wealth stored in your head. A Mnemonic is simply a system such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations which assists in remembering something. This blog post describes two Mnemonic systems I use to remember my seed phrase as well as other lists and numbers. The Linking System All mnemonics are based on some sort of linking system, the idea is to take the items you want to remember and create scenes and images that you can picture in your mind, this helps lock the information into long term memory. When thinking up these visualisations try to keep the following in mind: 1. The picture should be vivid. Try and see the picture clearly and in focus, imagine yourself stumbling upon the scene or witnessing the events in first person. Let yourself emotionally engage with it for a moment. If the picture is amusing find it funny. If it’s disgusting, actually find it repulsive. focus on how each image makes you feel. Is it funny? Disgusting? Dangerous? Actually take some time to feel that emotion. 2. The elements of each picture should interact. Picturing A and B stood next to each other won’t work. A could be made of B; or dancing with B; being inserted into B; or using b as some sort of implement. 3. The picture should be unusual. If you are linking ‘man’ and ‘cup’, for example, don't use an image that is ordinary. ‘a man drinking from a cup’ for example is too normal. The picture will be more memorable if the man is trying to drink from a giant cup, or is sucking the cup into his face, or if there is a tiny man in a cup trying to get out before the tea gets poured in. Try and be creative and bizarre as possible in order to make a lasting impression. If the above is starting to make you feel nervous, its actually very straight forward and doesn't require much practice or creative genius. You will be surprised how quickly you can pick this up and how images will just be effortless conjured up to promptly land at a particular word or task you want to remember. The following example was taken from Derren Brown's fascinating book [Tricks of the Mind](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/945683.Tricks_of_the_Mind) which first introduced me to these techniques. After reading the next section of this post you will be able to recall the following seemingly randomly words in perfect order and even in reverse. You will likely still be able to recall them weeks later. Telephone Sausage Monkey Button Book Cabbage Glass Mouse Stomach Cardboard Ferry Christmas Athlete Key Wigwam Baby Kiwi Bed Paintbrush Walnut Before beginning try reading the above words and see how many you can remember, minimise the window and see how many you can type out or write down from memory. You might get half a dozen without any special techniques. Now take some time to read the following, remember to take note of how the images are making you feel and take your time, don't just skim read. Telephone/Sausage: Trying to dial an old-fashioned phone using a flaccid, uncooked sausage. It feels revolting and cold to the fingers, and is utterly impractical to work the dial. I can maybe get the dial around a little way, but then it just purrs back into place. Sausage/Monkey: Watching footage from a wildlife documentary of a monkey, in the jungle, cooking a sausage over a barbecue. These are rare monkeys, and this is the first time they have been filmed. Next to him he has a selection of dips. Monkey/Button: You no longer have to spend valuable time doing up your own shirt buttons. You now have a trained monkey to do such things. You stand there in your socks and he does up all the buttons with his clever simian fingers. Button/Book: It’s a book entirely about buttons, and in order to open it you have to unfasten a line of big colourful buttons down the side. Hugely impractical marketing gimmick. Makes opening it really irritating. Book/Cabbage: Opening up a book to have a quiet lunchtime read, only to find that the cover and all the pages have leaves of rotten stinking cabbage stuck to them. The stench is terrible, and the pages are ruined. Someone has played a stupid joke on you, and now you’ve got fetid cabbage juice all over your fingers. Cabbage/Glass: A beautiful but enormous cabbage, realistically created out of glass. The artist is proudly showing it off, flicking it with his fingers and making a ‘pinging’ sound. Everyone’s standing around with glasses of wine appreciating it. Personally you think it’s ridiculous and ugly. Glass/Mouse: You go to drink a glass of wine, to find that the wine has gone and there’s a tiny mouse in the bottom of the glass. The mouse is clearly drunk, and is wearing a party hat with streamers over his shoulder. A party blow-out extends limply from his mouth, and he’s hiccuping bubbles, like a seventies cartoonist’s depiction of a drunkard. Mouse/Stomach: Unfortunately I can think only of that urban myth unfairly surrounding Richard Gere some years ago. If you’re not familiar with it, then imagine your tummy full of squeaking mice, which then stream out of your navel like the rats out of Hamelin. Stomach/Cardboard: A pregnant lady covering her stomach with cardboard from old boxes. Taping it around her, until she is enormous. Now she feels protected. Cardboard/Ferry: Image of a big P&O ferry sinking in the sea because in a spectacularly misjudged move to save money, the entire boat was manufactured out of cardboard. People are escaping from dinghies, unaware that they are made not from rubber but from ordinary paper. Ferry/Christmas: A little ferry sat on top of a Christmas tree, perhaps at a school for the hard of hearing. Little streamers, windows, everything. Tinsel around the hull. Christmas/Athlete: It’s you and all the relations you normally spend Christmas with, running around a race-track in the snow with party hats and crackers trying to beat Kelly Holmes to the finish-line. Your nan is doing superbly, racing ahead in her coat, hat and bag, giving the double-gold winner a run for her money. Athlete/Key: The winning athlete is given a four-foot-long golden key on a ribbon as a prize. She tries to hold it up for the audience as the National Anthem plays, but it’s extremely heavy, and she wishes she could have just had an ordinary medal. Key/Wigwam: A key hangs unnoticed from the headgear of a Native American Indian who is unable to get into his wigwam to go to the loo. Hugely frustrating for him. You can picture him, all red-faced. See the key glinting in the light as he searches for it. Wigwam/Baby: Latest New Age fad: put your baby to sleep every night in a wigwam. Dream-catcher included. Imagine a giant baby asleep inside, snoring, making the sides of the wigwam suck in and blow out. Baby/Kiwi: A baby shoving green furry kiwi fruit into its mouth. One after another. A huge pile of them waiting to be eaten. Green kiwi juice all down its bib. Throwing up kiwi vomit. He loves kiwis, the little tinker. Kiwi/Bed: Tucking up a little kiwi for the night in a big king-size bed. Pulling the covers almost over it, then sitting next to it and reading it a story about the Little Kiwi, until it falls asleep. Bed/Paintbrush: You’ve changed your décor and the bed no longer matches. So rather than buy new covers, you paint them the same colour as the walls. Sloshing paint over the entire bed, watching it go hard and uncomfortable. Paintbrush/Walnut: Not owning a nutcracker, you’re forced to try and smash open a great big walnut with the end of a paintbrush. Trouble is, you’re using the brush end, which isn’t working, and there’s paint splashing everywhere. It’s a mess, but you really want that walnut. Now minimise the window again and see how many words you can recall now, start by thinking of the "telephone" and see where it takes you. You should be able to easily recall the whole list. As a bonus round try recalling the list in reverse order starting with "walnut", it should be just as easy. Number Pegs The linking system is great for remembering things in order (or even reverse) a more powerful system which allows you to recall any word at any position in the sequence without running through from start to finish like you need to do with the linking system is to use a number peg. This creates and index which allows you to recall each word of your seed phrase by its index number. Unlike the standard linking system it will also not break down if you forget one word in the middle of the list. Additionally the system can be used in reverse to remember long numbers or even a whole deck of cards. The Major / Consonant System The Major or Consonant system is probably the most common peg system in use. First you translate digits into consonants, I use the following which is provided in Derren Brown's Trick of the Mind as this is what I have become use to, but feel free to adapt or create your own as desired. z/s - Z is in zero and the S sound is most similar to Z l - They look similar (l for lemur) n - two downward strokes on a small n m - three downward strokes r - fouR f/v - FiVe, again they are similar sounds b/p - b looks simlar to 6 and P and B sound and look similar t - 7 looks like a capital T ch/sh/j - the GH in eiGHt, and then the J is the nearest to these sounds g - a written g can resemble a 9 Each consonant is then associated with a short word that contains that consonant. z/s - zoo l - ale n - hen m - ham r - whore f/v - hive b/g - bee t - tea ch/sh/j - shoe g - goo for two-digit numbers, convert each digit into a consonant using the table above. Then find a word that uses those two consonants as their first two consonants. l, z/s - lice l, l - lily l, n - line l, m - lime l, r - lorry l, f/v - laugh l, b/p - lip l, t - light l, ch/sh/j - ledge l, g - leg n, z/s - nose n, l - nail n, n - nanny n, m - gnome n, r - nero I have only supplied words up to 24 as this is all you will need for a Bitcoin seed phrase but for other applications you would normally have a list of words up to 99 or even 999. Once you have your list of words and their associated numbers, you then use the linking system to link the index word with the word in your seed phrase, so the first word in your seed phrase will be linked with the word "ale" the sixth word in your seed phrase will be linked with "bee" and so on and so forth. Take the following seed phrase for example: joke owner layer tail diagram armor input train head promote tuition eager You might link the words as follows. 1. joke / ale - drinking a pint of ale and laughing at a joke and choking on it and coughing ale all over yourself. 2. owner / hen - Visualize a hen laying golden eggs and the proud owner showing it off to an envious neighbor. 3. layer / ham - peeling layers of pork off a small ham like an onion. 4. tail / whore - you get back to your room with a whore and are surprised to find a big fluffy tail when she drops her draws. 5. diagram / hive - you are working on a big blueprint/diagram of a hive, imagine it in front of you on a drawing board. 6. armor / bee - a high armoured medieval bee, perhaps on horseback with a spear. 7. input / tea - you are using a vending machine and instead of taking coins the coin slot takes teabags for payment, imaging selecting an item and inputting tea bags for payment. 8. train / shoe - imagine a big shoe train, a steam train that is a shoe with wheels on the bottom pulling a carriages down a train track. 9. head / goo - you are on I'm a celeb and have to plunge you head into a big bucket of goo. 10. promote / lice - two lice soldiers, one has been given a promotion the other is pinning a medal on his chest. 11. tuition / lily - Imagine you are in a classroom, but instead of desks, there are giant lily pads. Each student, including you, has to sit atop a lily pad. The tuition fee for the course is actually a handful of lily flowers, which you hand to the instructor. 12. eager / line - Picture a group of people standing in a line, so eager they begin stretching their necks out like giraffes to see the front of the line, vying for the first glimpse of what's to come. Once you have compiled your list, think of a number between 1 and 12 and turn the number into your peg word and see what image emerges. That should then get you back to your seed word. Try a few with the example above. And there you have it, once you have completed the exercise above for your seed phrase or phrases, you have now stored your life savings in your head and are safe in the knowledge that you have an always on backup for when disaster strikes. Although this method is very powerful you will need to run through the list every do often to keep it truly cemented. links * [The Art of Memory](https://artofmemory.com/)

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Bitcoin's journey from a cryptographic experiment to a widely recognized financial asset is a testament to the rapid evolution of digital currencies. Since its inception in 2009, Bitcoin has captivated the attention of technologists, investors, and the general public alike. Its decentralized nature and potential for high returns have made it a subject of intense interest and debate. The recent introduction of Bitcoin Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) marks a pivotal moment in this journey, potentially heralding a new era of mainstream acceptance for Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. This development is not just a milestone for Bitcoin enthusiasts but also a signal to the broader financial community about the evolving nature of investment and the growing importance of digital assets. **Table of Contents** - Understanding Bitcoin ETFs - Bitcoin's Journey to Mainstream Acceptance - The Impact of ETFs on Bitcoin's Perception - Risks and Challenges - The Future of Crypto with ETFs - Conclusion - FAQs **Understanding Bitcoin ETFs** A Bitcoin ETF represents a seismic shift in the way investors can access the world of cryptocurrencies. Traditionally, investing in Bitcoin required a certain level of technical know-how, including understanding cryptocurrency exchanges, digital wallets, and the concept of blockchain technology. This complexity has been a significant barrier to entry for many potential investors. A Bitcoin ETF simplifies this process dramatically. Investors can buy and sell shares of the ETF through traditional brokerage accounts, just as they would with any other stock or fund. This accessibility opens the doors to a broader range of investors, from individuals seeking to diversify their portfolios to institutional investors looking for regulated exposure to the crypto market. The ETF structure also provides added security and regulatory oversight, addressing some of the key concerns around cryptocurrency investments. **Bitcoin's Journey to Mainstream Acceptance** The path of Bitcoin to mainstream acceptance has been anything but straightforward. In its early days, Bitcoin was primarily a tool for tech enthusiasts and libertarians, valued for its decentralization and potential as an alternative to traditional currencies. Over time, its appeal broadened, attracting attention from venture capitalists and forward-thinking investors. High-profile endorsements, increasing media coverage, and a growing recognition of its potential as a hedge against inflation and currency devaluation have further propelled Bitcoin into the financial spotlight. Each surge in Bitcoin's price brought more attention and legitimacy, although it was often accompanied by skepticism and warnings of a bubble. The introduction of futures trading on major exchanges and the gradual embrace by major financial institutions have been critical in Bitcoin's journey towards legitimacy. **The Impact of ETFs on Bitcoin's Perception** The launch of Bitcoin ETFs is more than just a new investment product; it's a symbolic bridge between the traditional financial world and the frontier of cryptocurrency. For years, Bitcoin has been viewed with a mix of fascination and skepticism by the mainstream financial community. The introduction of ETFs changes this dynamic significantly. It offers a familiar and regulated framework for investing in Bitcoin, which can assuage the concerns of risk-averse investors and financial advisors. This development is likely to lead to broader acceptance and understanding of Bitcoin as a legitimate asset class, potentially leading to more stable pricing and reduced volatility. It also sets a precedent for other cryptocurrencies, suggesting a future where digital assets are as commonplace in investment portfolios as stocks and bonds. **Risks and Challenges** While Bitcoin ETFs offer new opportunities, they also come with their own set of risks and challenges. The cryptocurrency market is known for its dramatic price swings, and Bitcoin is no exception. Investors in Bitcoin ETFs must be prepared for a potentially turbulent ride. Regulatory challenges are another significant concern. The legal and regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies is still evolving, and changes in government policies or regulations could have a substantial impact on Bitcoin and Bitcoin ETFs. There's also the risk that the introduction of ETFs could lead to increased speculation and potentially inflate a price bubble. Moreover, traditional financial analysts and economists continue to express skepticism about the intrinsic value and long-term stability of Bitcoin, often comparing it to historical financial bubbles. **The Future of Crypto with ETFs** The introduction of Bitcoin ETFs could mark the beginning of a new chapter in the story of cryptocurrencies. As these products gain acceptance and attract more investment, they could pave the way for a broader range of crypto-based financial products and services. This integration into the global financial system could lead to cryptocurrencies becoming a standard part of diversified investment portfolios, alongside stocks, bonds, and commodities. The potential impact on the broader financial market is significant. Cryptocurrencies, led by Bitcoin, could challenge traditional notions of asset allocation, risk, and return. They also offer the potential for innovative financial products and services that leverage blockchain technology, further integrating digital currencies into the fabric of global finance. **Conclusion** The launch of Bitcoin ETFs is a significant milestone in the evolution of cryptocurrencies. It represents a convergence of the traditional financial world and the innovative, sometimes turbulent world of digital currencies. While this development brings new opportunities and a degree of legitimacy to Bitcoin, it also comes with challenges and risks that should not be underestimated. As the financial world continues to evolve, the role of cryptocurrencies and their impact on global markets and investment strategies will be a fascinating and important area to watch. **FAQs** **How does a Bitcoin ETF differ from buying Bitcoin directly?** Unlike direct Bitcoin purchases, which require a cryptocurrency exchange account and a digital wallet, a Bitcoin ETF can be bought and sold like a regular stock through a brokerage account. **Why are Bitcoin ETFs considered a milestone for cryptocurrency?** Bitcoin ETFs represent a significant step towards mainstream acceptance of Bitcoin, offering a familiar and regulated investment option to both individual and institutional investors. **What are the risks involved in investing in Bitcoin ETFs?** The risks include the inherent volatility of Bitcoin prices, regulatory changes, and potential market speculation that could impact the stability and value of these ETFs. **How might Bitcoin ETFs affect the future of cryptocurrencies?** Bitcoin ETFs could pave the way for more crypto-based financial products, integrating digital currencies more deeply into the global financial system and potentially reshaping investment strategies. **Are Bitcoin ETFs suitable for all investors?** Bitcoin ETFs, like any investment, may not be suitable for everyone. They are best suited for those who understand the high-risk nature of cryptocurrency investments and are looking to diversify their portfolio. **That's all for today** **If you want more, be sure to follow us on:** **NOSTR: croxroad@getalby.com** **X: [@croxroadnews.co](https://x.com/croxroadnewsco)** **Instagram: [@croxroadnews.co](https://www.instagram.com/croxroadnews.co/)** **Youtube: [@croxroadnews](https://www.youtube.com/@croxroadnews)** **Store: https://croxroad.store** **Subscribe to CROX ROAD Bitcoin Only Daily Newsletter** **https://www.croxroad.co/subscribe** ***DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.***

@ bc575705:dba3ed39

Jazz is a genre that has always thrived on evolution. From its early roots in New Orleans to the boundary-pushing experiments of the 20th century, jazz has continuously reinvented itself, adapting to the times while preserving its soulful essence. As a modern music producer, I find endless inspiration in jazz, reimagining its classic elements to resonate with contemporary listeners. In this post, I’ll share how I approach blending the timeless qualities of jazz with modern techniques and styles. ## **What Makes Jazz Timeless?** At its core, jazz is about freedom, improvisation, and emotional depth. Its intricate melodies, rich harmonies, and dynamic rhythms have a universal appeal that transcends eras. What makes jazz so timeless is its ability to tell stories through sound, evoking feelings that are deeply personal yet universally understood. ## **Bringing Jazz Into the Present** Modern listeners often seek music that feels familiar yet fresh. To bridge this gap, I focus on preserving the essence of jazz while introducing elements from contemporary genres like lo-fi, ambient, and electronica. Here’s how I reimagine jazz for today: **Sampling:** Sampling classic jazz records allows me to connect with the genre’s rich history while giving it a new context. By chopping, pitching, and looping segments of iconic performances, I can create textures that feel nostalgic yet innovative. **Electronic Beats:** Jazz drumming has always been a cornerstone of the genre, with its swing and syncopation adding energy and depth. By pairing these rhythmic foundations with modern electronic drum patterns, I create a hybrid sound that appeals to both traditional jazz fans and electronic music enthusiasts. **Improvisation in Production:** Just as jazz musicians improvise on their instruments, I bring an element of spontaneity to my production process. Whether it’s experimenting with synth leads or recording freeform solos on piano, I aim to capture the spirit of improvisation that defines jazz. **Fusion of Textures:** Combining the organic warmth of live instruments like saxophones and trumpets with the polished sheen of synths and ambient pads creates a soundscape that feels both intimate and expansive. ## **Artists Who Inspire This Fusion** Several artists have mastered the art of blending jazz with modern elements, inspiring my own approach: **Robert Glasper:** Known for merging jazz with R&B and hip-hop, Glasper’s work shows how flexible and relevant jazz can be in today’s music scene. **Kamasi Washington:** His epic compositions and lush orchestrations prove that jazz can be grand and cinematic while remaining deeply rooted in tradition. **BadBadNotGood:** This group seamlessly integrates jazz with contemporary genres like electronic and hip-hop, creating music that feels both fresh and timeless. ## **How This Shapes My Music** In my compositions, I aim to reimagine jazz as a living, breathing art form. For example, I might start with a classic jazz chord progression, then layer it with lo-fi textures, minimalist beats, and atmospheric effects. The result is music that pays homage to the past while embracing the possibilities of the future. One of my favorite techniques is to record live solos—whether on piano, guitar, or synth—and process them with modern effects like reverb, delay, or granular synthesis. This approach preserves the raw, emotive quality of the performance while placing it in a contemporary context. ## **Why Jazz Matters Today** In a world that often feels fast-paced and chaotic, jazz offers a sense of grounding and introspection. Its emphasis on improvisation and self-expression reminds us to slow down, listen, and connect with our emotions. By reimagining jazz for modern audiences, I hope to introduce new listeners to its timeless beauty while inspiring others to see it as a genre with limitless potential. Jazz is far from a relic of the past. It’s a vibrant, evolving art form that continues to inspire and connect people across generations. By blending its classic elements with contemporary techniques, we can ensure that jazz remains as relevant and impactful as ever.

@ 8f69ac99:4f92f5fd

O Estado Social tem sido um pilar das políticas sociais europeias há décadas, oferecendo uma rede de segurança aos cidadãos através de diversos programas governamentais. Contudo, com a evolução das economias e o envelhecimento da população a pressionar os recursos públicos, este modelo tradicional enfrenta desafios crescentes. Custos em alta, ineficiências burocráticas e efeitos indesejados têm gerado um debate cada vez mais intenso sobre a sua sustentabilidade. Como alternativa, o Rendimento Básico Universal (RBU) ganhou destaque, prometendo simplicidade, mas trazendo preocupações quanto ao custo e aos desincentivos ao trabalho. Há, porém, uma opção mais equilibrada que merece atenção: o Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo (IRN). Diferente da assistência social convencional, o IRN oferece apoio financeiro a quem está abaixo de um limiar de rendimento definido, sem exigir que procurem emprego ou dependam de ajudas públicas. Ao reduzir gradualmente os subsídios à medida que os rendimentos aumentam, incentiva a produtividade e preserva a iniciativa pessoal. Neste artigo, vamos explorar o IRN em profundidade, destacando as suas vantagens sobre os sistemas tradicionais, abordando as falhas do RBU e avaliando o seu potencial como uma reforma transformadora na Europa. Num contexto de mudanças económicas e demográficas, o IRN surge como um caminho prático para um sistema que equilibre apoio, dignidade e sustentabilidade. ## Problemas dos Sistemas Tradicionais de Assistência Social O Estado Social tradicional, embora bem-intencionado, tem sido alvo de críticas crescentes pelas suas ineficiências e consequências inesperadas. ### Ineficiência e Burocracia Estruturas administrativas complexas frequentemente atrasam os sistemas de assistência social, levando a desperdícios de recursos. Programas sobrepostos e serviços redundantes aumentam os custos, sobrecarregando os contribuintes. Por exemplo, várias entidades podem oferecer benefícios semelhantes, enquanto processos morosos atrasam a ajuda a quem precisa. Com o envelhecimento da população europeia a exigir mais apoio, estas ineficiências põem em risco a estabilidade financeira, desafiando os decisores políticos a repensarem a distribuição de recursos. ### Incentivos Perversos A assistência social pode, sem querer, desencorajar o trabalho e perpetuar a dependência. Surgem "armadilhas de assistência" quando os benefícios são estruturados de forma a que ganhar um salário resulte numa redução abrupta da ajuda, tornando o emprego menos atractivo do que permanecer no assistencialismo. Isso cria um ciclo em que os beneficiários hesitam em procurar trabalho ou formação, comprometendo as suas perspectivas a longo prazo. Com o tempo, tais sistemas arriscam criar uma cultura de dependência, minando a iniciativa pessoal e prendendo indivíduos numa estagnação económica. ### Peso Económico A pressão financeira do Estado Social está a intensificar-se com as mudanças demográficas na Europa. Populações mais envelhecidas requerem maior apoio, elevando os custos e exigindo impostos mais altos ou gastos públicos acrescidos. Isso desvia recursos da inovação e do investimento, podendo travar o crescimento económico. Sem reformas, estas despesas crescentes podem tornar-se insustentáveis, obrigando os governos a encontrar soluções que mantenham o apoio sem comprometer as finanças. ### Estigma Social Além das questões económicas, a assistência social traz muitas vezes um custo social. Os beneficiários enfrentam frequentemente estereótipos de preguiça ou incompetência, o que gera vergonha e diminui a autoestima. Este estigma pode dificultar a mobilidade social, tornando mais complicado sair da dependência. Resolver isto exige um sistema que não só apoie, mas também capacite, reduzindo preconceitos e promovendo inclusão. Face a estas falhas, a Europa precisa de explorar alternativas que prestem ajuda de forma mais eficaz. O Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo apresenta-se como uma opção promissora, capaz de enfrentar estas questões sistémicas. ## O Caso Contra o Rendimento Básico Universal (RBU) O Rendimento Básico Universal surgiu como uma ideia ousada para combater a pobreza e a desigualdade, oferecendo a cada cidadão um pagamento fixo independentemente das suas necessidades. No entanto, a sua simplicidade traz desvantagens significativas. O custo do RBU é um obstáculo enorme. Implementá-lo em toda a Europa exigiria fundos avultados, pressionando orçamentos já sobrecarregados pelos compromissos actuais do Estado Social. Isso poderia implicar subidas acentuadas de impostos ou cortes noutros serviços, enquanto a criação da infraestrutura administrativa necessária traria mais despesas. Há também quem tema os desincentivos ao trabalho: se todos receberem o mesmo valor, alguns podem sentir menos motivação para trabalhar ou arriscar em projectos empreendedores, podendo afectar a vitalidade económica. Além disso, a abordagem universal do RBU sacrifica eficiência. Ao distribuir fundos de forma igual, não dá prioridade a quem mais precisa, entregando recursos aos mais ricos enquanto dilui o impacto sobre os pobres. Esta falta de foco levanta dúvidas sobre a sua capacidade de combater a desigualdade de forma eficaz. Embora o apelo do RBU esteja na sua universalidade, estes desafios apontam para a necessidade de uma solução mais direccionada—e é aqui que o IRN entra em cena. ## Compreender o Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo (IRN) O Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo propõe uma abordagem refinada ao apoio social, combinando assistência com incentivos. No seu cerne, define um limiar de rendimento base—digamos, 1.000 euros por mês. Quem ganha menos recebe um subsídio proporcional à diferença, enquanto quem ultrapassa esse valor paga impostos para financiar o sistema. Por exemplo, com uma taxa de subsídio de 50%, quem não tem rendimentos recebe 500 euros, e quem ganha 400 euros recebe 300 euros, elevando o total para 700 euros. À medida que o rendimento se aproxima do limiar, o subsídio diminui, desaparecendo nos 1.000 euros, altura em que a tributação começa. Veja-se uma ilustração simples: | Rendimento Mensal (€) | Pagamento IRN (€) | Rendimento Total Após IRN (€) | |-----------------------|-------------------|------------------------------| | 0 | 500 | 500 | | 400 | 300 | 700 | | 800 | 100 | 900 | | 1.000 | 0 | 1.000 | | 1.200 | - (impostos aplicam-se) | 1.200 - impostos | Isto garante que trabalhar compensa sempre: ganhar mais aumenta o rendimento total, evitando a armadilha da assistência. O financiamento vem de um imposto fixo—talvez 19%—sobre os rendimentos acima do limiar. Quem ganha 1.500 euros, por exemplo, paga 95 euros sobre os 500 euros acima de 1.000, ficando com 1.405 euros. Este modelo fiscal simples facilita a gestão e assegura equidade. | Rendimento (€) | Rendimento Tributável (€) | Imposto (€) | Após Imposto (€) | |----------------|---------------------|---------|------------------| | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 1000 | | 1200 | 200 | 38 | 1162 | | 2000 | 1000 | 190 | 1810 | O IRN _pode_ ser de participação voluntária, através de um contrato. As pessoas podem aderir ao sistema se precisarem de apoio ou rejeitá-lo se não aceitarem ajuda estatal, evitando os impostos associados ao financiamento do IRN. Quem optar por sair pode reentrar em caso de dificuldades, equilibrando liberdade de escolha com pragmatismo. Para libertários desconfiados de ingerências governamentais, isto torna o IRN um compromisso—um passo para longe do assistencialismo coercivo e em direcção a maior autonomia. Filosoficamente, o IRN não é um objectivo final, mas uma ponte. Ao simplificar a ajuda e reduzir a burocracia, pode abrir caminho para soluções privadas, como caridade ou apoio mútuo, diminuindo o papel do estado ao longo do tempo. Características como a avaliação de meios e a indexação à inflação reforçam a sua adaptabilidade, garantindo que o apoio permaneça justo e relevante. ## Vantagens do Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo (IRN) O IRN destaca-se onde o Estado Social tradicional falha. Os seus subsídios decrescentes incentivam o trabalho, premiando o esforço à medida que o rendimento sobe e impulsionando a produtividade. Isto contrasta fortemente com as armadilhas da assistência, encorajando as pessoas a procurarem formação ou a arriscarem em empreendedorismo sem medo de perder apoio de repente. Na gestão, o IRN é revolucionário. Substituir um emaranhado de programas por um único sistema reduz a burocracia e os custos, canalizando recursos directamente para quem precisa. Um processo de pagamento único elimina sobreposições, tornando a entrega de ajuda mais rápida e eficiente. A dignidade é outro ponto forte. Ao oferecer escolha e evitar supervisão intrusiva, o IRN escapa ao estigma do assistencialismo, dando aos beneficiários autonomia para gerir as suas finanças. Isso promove o autorrespeito e um sentido de controlo, quebrando o ciclo de dependência. Economicamente, a flexibilidade do IRN sobressai. Adapta-se às flutuações de rendimento, direccionando a ajuda exactamente onde é necessária. Estudos indicam que pode reduzir a pobreza, melhorar a mobilidade social e até beneficiar a saúde, ao aliviar o stress financeiro, oferecendo um impulso abrangente ao bem-estar. ## Responder às Críticas ao Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo (IRN) Nenhuma política escapa a críticas, e o IRN tem as suas. Os libertários veem, e bem, os impostos como roubo, e embora o IRN não elimine esta tensão, suaviza-a. Ao condensar o Estado Social num sistema claro e simples, reduz a intromissão estatal face à burocracia actual. Os seus incentivos ao trabalho alinham-se com valores de responsabilidade, tornando-o um passo aceitável a curto prazo. O financiamento preocupa, sobretudo em países europeus já muito tributados, mas uma taxa fixa oferece uma solução. Simples e previsível, minimiza os custos administrativos e assegura contribuições justas, sustentando o IRN sem sobrecarga excessiva. Há também quem debata o seu impacto social—uns chamam-lhe um subsídio fácil, um _hand-out_, outros um sistema demasiado voltado para o mercado. Ainda assim, o IRN encontra um meio-termo, oferecendo uma rede de segurança que recompensa o esforço sem controlar vidas. Passar para o IRN exige eliminar gradualmente os programas antigos e informar o público sobre os seus benefícios: um governo mais leve, menos dependência e maior iniciativa pessoal. Para quem sonha com um futuro sem estado, o IRN não é o destino, mas um movimento prático rumo a sistemas de apoio voluntários, promovendo uma cultura de autossuficiência. ## Conclusão O Imposto sobre o Rendimento Negativo não é perfeito, mas é um avanço claro face ao _status quo_. Reduz os excessos do Estado Social, promove trabalho e dignidade, e oferece à Europa uma reforma viável perante as pressões económicas. Para os contribuintes, promete eficiência; para os beneficiários, oportunidade. Numa região onde o assistencialismo está profundamente enraizado, o IRN surge como um passo ousado, mas possível, para um futuro mais livre e sustentável—um que capacite as pessoas enquanto alivia o peso do estado. --- _Photo by [The New York Public Library](https://unsplash.com/@nypl?utm_content=creditCopyText&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=unsplash) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com/photos/a-sign-that-says-pay-your-tax-now-here-kAJLRQwt5yY?utm_content=creditCopyText&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=unsplash)_

@ 8da249fe:ecc00e09

Se você está começando no mundo do Bitcoin e das criptomoedas, já deve ter ouvido falar em "hot wallets" e "cold wallets". Mas qual é a diferença entre elas? E qual é a melhor opção para armazenar seus ativos digitais com segurança? # O que é uma Hot Wallet?  Uma hot wallet (carteira quente) é uma carteira conectada à internet. Isso significa que ela é mais acessível e fácil de usar para transações rápidas. As hot wallets podem ser: **Carteiras móveis** – Aplicativos como BlueWallet, Trust Wallet e outras. **Carteiras de desktop **– Programas instalados no computador, como Electrum e Exodus. **Carteiras web** – Serviços online como a carteira do próprio Binance ou outras exchanges. **Vantagens da Hot Wallet** ✅ Acesso rápido e fácil para transações diárias. ✅ Interface amigável, ideal para iniciantes. ✅ Geralmente gratuita para uso. **Desvantagens da Hot Wallet** ❌ Maior risco de ataque hacker, já que está sempre online. ❌ Se o dispositivo for infectado por malware, suas chaves privadas podem ser comprometidas. # O que é uma Cold Wallet?#  Uma cold wallet (carteira fria) é uma carteira que não está conectada à internet, tornando-se muito mais segura contra hackers. Elas podem ser: **Carteiras de hardware **– Como Ledger Nano S, Nano X ou Trezor. **Carteiras de papel **– Impressão da chave privada e do endereço em um papel. **Computadores ou dispositivos offline** – Um computador dedicado apenas para armazenar criptomoedas, sem conexão com a internet. **Vantagens da Cold Wallet** ✅ Segurança máxima contra ataques cibernéticos. ✅ Ótima opção para armazenamento de longo prazo. ✅ Controle total sobre suas chaves privadas. **Desvantagens da Cold Wallet** ❌ Menos prática para transações diárias. ❌ Pode ser mais cara, no caso das carteiras de hardware. ❌ Se você perder sua chave privada ou backup, pode perder o acesso aos fundos. # Qual escolher: Hot ou Cold Wallet? A escolha depende do seu perfil de investidor: Se você faz transações frequentes, uma hot wallet pode ser mais conveniente. Se você quer armazenar Bitcoin com segurança por muito tempo, a cold wallet é a melhor opção. Muitos usuários combinam as duas, mantendo uma pequena quantia em uma hot wallet para o dia a dia e guardando a maior parte dos fundos em uma cold wallet. Independente da escolha, lembre-se sempre de manter suas chaves privadas seguras e fazer backups regularmente! Gostou do conteúdo? Compartilhe sua opinião nos comentários!

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Tackling big tasks can feel overwhelming, but by breaking them down into smaller steps, prioritizing effectively, and setting clear milestones, you can maintain focus and make steady progress. --- ## 1. Divide the Task into Manageable Steps Instead of viewing the task as one massive undertaking, split it into specific, actionable steps to create a clear roadmap. 🔹 **Example:** If your goal is to launch a new product, break it down like this: - Conduct market research - Develop a prototype - Build a marketing strategy - Create a launch plan - Execute the launch Each step is now more manageable and can be worked on independently. --- ## 2. Prioritize Based on Impact & Urgency Not all tasks are equally important. Prioritize effectively to avoid wasting time on low-value activities. ✔ **Use the Eisenhower Matrix:** - **Urgent & Important:** Do immediately. - **Important but Not Urgent:** Schedule it. - **Urgent but Not Important:** Delegate it. - **Neither Urgent nor Important:** Eliminate it. 🔹 **Example:** If launching a product, market research might be urgent & important, while branding tweaks could be scheduled for later. --- ## 3. Set Milestones & Deadlines Assign deadlines for each step to track progress and stay motivated. ✔ **Example:** Instead of saying, "Launch the product in 6 months," break it down: - **Market research:** Week 1-2 - **Prototype development:** Week 3-6 - **Marketing strategy:** Week 7-8 - **Launch execution:** Week 9-10 By setting clear deadlines, you create a sense of accountability and prevent procrastination. --- ## 4. Take Consistent Action ✔ Focus on completing one step at a time. ✔ Celebrate small wins—progress builds momentum. ✔ Stay adaptable—if needed, refine your steps as you go. 🔹 **Example:** If market research reveals an issue with the original product idea, adjust before moving forward rather than sticking rigidly to the plan. --- ## Final Thought By approaching big tasks systematically, you reduce overwhelm, maintain clarity, and steadily progress toward success. 👉 **Action Step:** Take a current big task you're facing. Break it into smaller steps, prioritize, set deadlines, and start taking action today. 🚀 ---

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Break down complex problems into their fundamental truths and build solutions from the ground up. This approach fosters creativity and avoids relying on assumptions. --- ## How to Implement First Principles Thinking 1. **Deconstruct the Problem** - **Identify the core components:** Question assumptions and remove preconceived notions. - **Ask:** What do we know for sure? What can we verify as a fact? - **Example:** Instead of assuming "Electric cars are too expensive," break it down: What are the main cost drivers? Batteries, manufacturing, and distribution. 2. **Challenge Assumptions** - **Question the status quo:** Many constraints are based on tradition or outdated thinking, not necessity. - **Ask:** What if this assumption is wrong? How else could it be done? 3. **Rebuild from the Ground Up** - **Start with the fundamental truths:** Use the identified truths to construct new solutions using logic and creativity. - **Avoid shortcuts:** Don't rely on existing frameworks that may limit possibilities. - **Example:** Tesla used first principles to design their batteries by focusing on material costs rather than purchasing standard packs. 4. **Foster a Creative Mindset** - **Think like a scientist or engineer:** Break, test, and experiment to find new pathways. - **Encourage innovation:** Brainstorm solutions that are original rather than replicative. --- ## Why It Works This method avoids reliance on assumptions and encourages fresh perspectives. By starting with "what is undeniably true," you open the door to unconventional solutions and breakthrough ideas. ---

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Implementing Decision Journals, as practiced by leaders like Jeff Bezos and Ray Dalio, can significantly enhance your decision-making skills by promoting reflection and continuous improvement. This method involves documenting key decisions, the rationale behind them, and anticipated outcomes, allowing for analysis of past choices to identify patterns and biases. --- ## Understanding Decision Journals - **Definition:** A decision journal is a structured record where you log important decisions, including the context, your thought process, and expected results. This practice enables you to track the accuracy of your judgments and refine your decision-making over time. --- ## Examples in Practice - **Jeff Bezos:** The founder of Amazon utilizes a "Regret Minimization Framework" to guide his decisions. By projecting himself into the future and considering potential regrets, Bezos focuses on long-term fulfillment over short-term comfort. This approach was pivotal when he decided to leave his stable job to start Amazon. - **Ray Dalio:** The founder of Bridgewater Associates emphasizes the importance of recording decisions to create a set of well-defined principles. Dalio's process of documenting and analyzing his choices has been fundamental in developing effective decision-making rules that have contributed to his success. --- ## Implementing a Decision Journal 1. **Record the Decision:** Document the specifics of the decision, including the date, context, and the options considered. 2. **Articulate Your Reasoning:** Detail the thought process and assumptions that led to your choice. 3. **Predict the Outcome:** Note your expectations regarding the results of the decision. 4. **Review and Reflect:** After some time, revisit the decision to compare actual outcomes with your predictions, analyzing any discrepancies to identify biases or areas for improvement. --- ## Action Step Begin by selecting a current decision you are facing. Create a journal entry that outlines the decision, your reasoning, and expected outcomes. Schedule a future date to review the decision and assess its results. Regular use of decision journals can enhance self-awareness and lead to more informed choices. --- By adopting the practice of maintaining decision journals, you can systematically refine your judgment, reduce recurring mistakes, and make decisions that align more closely with your long-term goals. **Recommended Resource:** [Ray Dalio ON: Principles for Making Better Decisions & How to Strengthen Relationships for Long-Term Success | Podcast | Jay Shetty](#) ---

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Embracing a Bias Toward Action, as exemplified by leaders like Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, involves prioritizing swift decision-making and iterative progress over prolonged analysis. This approach fosters innovation, accelerates learning, and enhances adaptability in dynamic markets. --- ## Understanding Bias Toward Action - **Definition:** A Bias Toward Action emphasizes initiating tasks promptly and refining them through continuous feedback, rather than striving for perfection before implementation. --- ## Examples in Practice - **Elon Musk's Rapid Prototyping:** At SpaceX, Musk employs an iterative design methodology, rapidly developing and testing prototypes to accelerate learning and innovation. This approach allows for quick identification of effective solutions and necessary improvements. [newspaceeconomy.ca](https://newspaceeconomy.ca) - **Jeff Bezos' Two-Way Door Framework:** Bezos introduced the concept of "two-way door" decisions at Amazon, distinguishing between reversible and irreversible choices. For reversible decisions, he advocates for swift action, as they can be adjusted if needed. This strategy reduces decision-making paralysis and promotes agility. [aboutamazon.com](https://aboutamazon.com) --- ## Implementing a Bias Toward Action 1. **Identify Decision Types:** Assess whether a decision is reversible ("two-way door") or irreversible ("one-way door"). For reversible decisions, prioritize speed and be willing to iterate. 2. **Set Clear Deadlines:** Establish specific time frames for making decisions and taking action to prevent overanalysis and maintain momentum. 3. **Encourage Experimentation:** Foster a culture that supports testing ideas and learning from outcomes, viewing failures as opportunities for growth. --- ## Action Step Reflect on a project or decision you've been postponing. Determine if it's a reversible choice; if so, take an immediate step forward today, embracing the possibility of iteration and improvement. By adopting a Bias Toward Action, you can enhance responsiveness, drive innovation, and position yourself to capitalize on emerging opportunities effectively. ---