@ eac63075:b4988b48

Based on a recent paper that included collaboration from renowned experts such as Lynn Alden, Steve Lee, and Ren Crypto Fish, we discuss in depth how Bitcoin's consensus is built, the main risks, and the complex dynamics of protocol upgrades.

PT-BR version

Podcast https://www.fountain.fm/episode/wbjD6ntQuvX5u2G5BccC

Presentation https://gamma.app/docs/Analyzing-Bitcoin-Consensus-Risks-in-Protocol-Upgrades-p66axxjwaa37ksn

1. Introduction to Consensus in Bitcoin

Consensus in Bitcoin is the foundation that keeps the network secure and functional, allowing users worldwide to perform transactions in a decentralized manner without the need for intermediaries. Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin is often described as an "immutable" system designed to resist changes, and it is precisely this resistance that ensures its security and stability.

The central idea behind consensus in Bitcoin is to create a set of acceptance rules for blocks and transactions, ensuring that all network participants agree on the transaction history. This prevents "double-spending," where the same bitcoin could be used in two simultaneous transactions, something that would compromise trust in the network.

Evolution of Consensus in Bitcoin

Over the years, consensus in Bitcoin has undergone several adaptations, and the way participants agree on changes remains a delicate process. Unlike traditional systems, where changes can be imposed from the top down, Bitcoin operates in a decentralized model where any significant change needs the support of various groups of stakeholders, including miners, developers, users, and large node operators.

Moreover, the update process is extremely cautious, as hasty changes can compromise the network's security. As a result, the philosophy of "don't fix what isn't broken" prevails, with improvements happening incrementally and only after broad consensus among those involved. This model can make progress seem slow but ensures that Bitcoin remains faithful to the principles of security and decentralization.

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2. Technical Components of Consensus

Bitcoin's consensus is supported by a set of technical rules that determine what is considered a valid transaction and a valid block on the network. These technical aspects ensure that all nodes—the computers that participate in the Bitcoin network—agree on the current state of the blockchain. Below are the main technical components that form the basis of the consensus.

Validation of Blocks and Transactions

The validation of blocks and transactions is the central point of consensus in Bitcoin. A block is only considered valid if it meets certain criteria, such as maximum size, transaction structure, and the solving of the "Proof of Work" problem. The proof of work, required for a block to be included in the blockchain, is a computational process that ensures the block contains significant computational effort—protecting the network against manipulation attempts.

Transactions, in turn, need to follow specific input and output rules. Each transaction includes cryptographic signatures that prove the ownership of the bitcoins sent, as well as validation scripts that verify if the transaction conditions are met. This validation system is essential for network nodes to autonomously confirm that each transaction follows the rules.

Chain Selection

Another fundamental technical issue for Bitcoin's consensus is chain selection, which becomes especially important in cases where multiple versions of the blockchain coexist, such as after a network split (fork). To decide which chain is the "true" one and should be followed, the network adopts the criterion of the highest accumulated proof of work. In other words, the chain with the highest number of valid blocks, built with the greatest computational effort, is chosen by the network as the official one.

This criterion avoids permanent splits because it encourages all nodes to follow the same main chain, reinforcing consensus.

Soft Forks vs. Hard Forks

In the consensus process, protocol changes can happen in two ways: through soft forks or hard forks. These variations affect not only the protocol update but also the implications for network users:

• Soft Forks: These are changes that are backward compatible. Only nodes that adopt the new update will follow the new rules, but old nodes will still recognize the blocks produced with these rules as valid. This compatibility makes soft forks a safer option for updates, as it minimizes the risk of network division.

• Hard Forks: These are updates that are not backward compatible, requiring all nodes to update to the new version or risk being separated from the main chain. Hard forks can result in the creation of a new coin, as occurred with the split between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash in 2017. While hard forks allow for deeper changes, they also bring significant risks of network fragmentation.

These technical components form the base of Bitcoin's security and resilience, allowing the system to remain functional and immutable without losing the necessary flexibility to evolve over time.

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3. Stakeholders in Bitcoin's Consensus

Consensus in Bitcoin is not decided centrally. On the contrary, it depends on the interaction between different groups of stakeholders, each with their motivations, interests, and levels of influence. These groups play fundamental roles in how changes are implemented or rejected on the network. Below, we explore the six main stakeholders in Bitcoin's consensus.

1. Economic Nodes

Economic nodes, usually operated by exchanges, custody providers, and large companies that accept Bitcoin, exert significant influence over consensus. Because they handle large volumes of transactions and act as a connection point between the Bitcoin ecosystem and the traditional financial system, these nodes have the power to validate or reject blocks and to define which version of the software to follow in case of a fork.

Their influence is proportional to the volume of transactions they handle, and they can directly affect which chain will be seen as the main one. Their incentive is to maintain the network's stability and security to preserve its functionality and meet regulatory requirements.

2. Investors

Investors, including large institutional funds and individual Bitcoin holders, influence consensus indirectly through their impact on the asset's price. Their buying and selling actions can affect Bitcoin's value, which in turn influences the motivation of miners and other stakeholders to continue investing in the network's security and development.

Some institutional investors have agreements with custodians that may limit their ability to act in network split situations. Thus, the impact of each investor on consensus can vary based on their ownership structure and how quickly they can react to a network change.

3. Media Influencers

Media influencers, including journalists, analysts, and popular personalities on social media, have a powerful role in shaping public opinion about Bitcoin and possible updates. These influencers can help educate the public, promote debates, and bring transparency to the consensus process.

On the other hand, the impact of influencers can be double-edged: while they can clarify complex topics, they can also distort perceptions by amplifying or minimizing change proposals. This makes them a force both of support and resistance to consensus.

4. Miners

Miners are responsible for validating transactions and including blocks in the blockchain. Through computational power (hashrate), they also exert significant influence over consensus decisions. In update processes, miners often signal their support for a proposal, indicating that the new version is safe to use. However, this signaling is not always definitive, and miners can change their position if they deem it necessary.

Their incentive is to maximize returns from block rewards and transaction fees, as well as to maintain the value of investments in their specialized equipment, which are only profitable if the network remains stable.

5. Protocol Developers

Protocol developers, often called "Core Developers," are responsible for writing and maintaining Bitcoin's code. Although they do not have direct power over consensus, they possess an informal veto power since they decide which changes are included in the main client (Bitcoin Core). This group also serves as an important source of technical knowledge, helping guide decisions and inform other stakeholders.

Their incentive lies in the continuous improvement of the network, ensuring security and decentralization. Many developers are funded by grants and sponsorships, but their motivations generally include a strong ideological commitment to Bitcoin's principles.

6. Users and Application Developers

This group includes people who use Bitcoin in their daily transactions and developers who build solutions based on the network, such as wallets, exchanges, and payment platforms. Although their power in consensus is less than that of miners or economic nodes, they play an important role because they are responsible for popularizing Bitcoin's use and expanding the ecosystem.

If application developers decide not to adopt an update, this can affect compatibility and widespread acceptance. Thus, they indirectly influence consensus by deciding which version of the protocol to follow in their applications.

These stakeholders are vital to the consensus process, and each group exerts influence according to their involvement, incentives, and ability to act in situations of change. Understanding the role of each makes it clearer how consensus is formed and why it is so difficult to make significant changes to Bitcoin.

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4. Mechanisms for Activating Updates in Bitcoin

For Bitcoin to evolve without compromising security and consensus, different mechanisms for activating updates have been developed over the years. These mechanisms help coordinate changes among network nodes to minimize the risk of fragmentation and ensure that updates are implemented in an orderly manner. Here, we explore some of the main methods used in Bitcoin, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as historical examples of significant updates.

Flag Day

The Flag Day mechanism is one of the simplest forms of activating changes. In it, a specific date or block is determined as the activation moment, and all nodes must be updated by that point. This method does not involve prior signaling; participants simply need to update to the new software version by the established day or block.

• Advantages: Simplicity and predictability are the main benefits of Flag Day, as everyone knows the exact activation date.

• Disadvantages: Inflexibility can be a problem because there is no way to adjust the schedule if a significant part of the network has not updated. This can result in network splits if a significant number of nodes are not ready for the update.

An example of Flag Day was the Pay to Script Hash (P2SH) update in 2012, which required all nodes to adopt the change to avoid compatibility issues.

BIP34 and BIP9

BIP34 introduced a more dynamic process, in which miners increase the version number in block headers to signal the update. When a predetermined percentage of the last blocks is mined with this new version, the update is automatically activated. This model later evolved with BIP9, which allowed multiple updates to be signaled simultaneously through "version bits," each corresponding to a specific change.

• Advantages: Allows the network to activate updates gradually, giving more time for participants to adapt.

• Disadvantages: These methods rely heavily on miner support, which means that if a sufficient number of miners do not signal the update, it can be delayed or not implemented.

BIP9 was used in the activation of SegWit (BIP141) but faced challenges because some miners did not signal their intent to activate, leading to the development of new mechanisms.

User Activated Soft Forks (UASF) and User Resisted Soft Forks (URSF)

To increase the decision-making power of ordinary users, the concept of User Activated Soft Fork (UASF) was introduced, allowing node operators, not just miners, to determine consensus for a change. In this model, nodes set a date to start rejecting blocks that are not in compliance with the new update, forcing miners to adapt or risk having their blocks rejected by the network.

URSF, in turn, is a model where nodes reject blocks that attempt to adopt a specific update, functioning as resistance against proposed changes.

• Advantages: UASF returns decision-making power to node operators, ensuring that changes do not depend solely on miners.

• Disadvantages: Both UASF and URSF can generate network splits, especially in cases of strong opposition among different stakeholders.

An example of UASF was the activation of SegWit in 2017, where users supported activation independently of miner signaling, which ended up forcing its adoption.

BIP8 (LOT=True)

BIP8 is an evolution of BIP9, designed to prevent miners from indefinitely blocking a change desired by the majority of users and developers. BIP8 allows setting a parameter called "lockinontimeout" (LOT) as true, which means that if the update has not been fully signaled by a certain point, it is automatically activated.

• Advantages: Ensures that changes with broad support among users are not blocked by miners who wish to maintain the status quo.

• Disadvantages: Can lead to network splits if miners or other important stakeholders do not support the update.

Although BIP8 with LOT=True has not yet been used in Bitcoin, it is a proposal that can be applied in future updates if necessary.

These activation mechanisms have been essential for Bitcoin's development, allowing updates that keep the network secure and functional. Each method brings its own advantages and challenges, but all share the goal of preserving consensus and network cohesion.

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5. Risks and Considerations in Consensus Updates

Consensus updates in Bitcoin are complex processes that involve not only technical aspects but also political, economic, and social considerations. Due to the network's decentralized nature, each change brings with it a set of risks that need to be carefully assessed. Below, we explore some of the main challenges and future scenarios, as well as the possible impacts on stakeholders.

Network Fragility with Alternative Implementations

One of the main risks associated with consensus updates is the possibility of network fragmentation when there are alternative software implementations. If an update is implemented by a significant group of nodes but rejected by others, a network split (fork) can occur. This creates two competing chains, each with a different version of the transaction history, leading to unpredictable consequences for users and investors.

Such fragmentation weakens Bitcoin because, by dividing hashing power (computing) and coin value, it reduces network security and investor confidence. A notable example of this risk was the fork that gave rise to Bitcoin Cash in 2017 when disagreements over block size resulted in a new chain and a new asset.

Chain Splits and Impact on Stakeholders

Chain splits are a significant risk in update processes, especially in hard forks. During a hard fork, the network is split into two separate chains, each with its own set of rules. This results in the creation of a new coin and leaves users with duplicated assets on both chains. While this may seem advantageous, in the long run, these splits weaken the network and create uncertainties for investors.

Each group of stakeholders reacts differently to a chain split:

• Institutional Investors and ETFs: Face regulatory and compliance challenges because many of these assets are managed under strict regulations. The creation of a new coin requires decisions to be made quickly to avoid potential losses, which may be hampered by regulatory constraints.

• Miners: May be incentivized to shift their computing power to the chain that offers higher profitability, which can weaken one of the networks.

• Economic Nodes: Such as major exchanges and custody providers, have to quickly choose which chain to support, influencing the perceived value of each network.

Such divisions can generate uncertainties and loss of value, especially for institutional investors and those who use Bitcoin as a store of value.

Regulatory Impacts and Institutional Investors

With the growing presence of institutional investors in Bitcoin, consensus changes face new compliance challenges. Bitcoin ETFs, for example, are required to follow strict rules about which assets they can include and how chain split events should be handled. The creation of a new asset or migration to a new chain can complicate these processes, creating pressure for large financial players to quickly choose a chain, affecting the stability of consensus.

Moreover, decisions regarding forks can influence the Bitcoin futures and derivatives market, affecting perception and adoption by new investors. Therefore, the need to avoid splits and maintain cohesion is crucial to attract and preserve the confidence of these investors.

Security Considerations in Soft Forks and Hard Forks

While soft forks are generally preferred in Bitcoin for their backward compatibility, they are not without risks. Soft forks can create different classes of nodes on the network (updated and non-updated), which increases operational complexity and can ultimately weaken consensus cohesion. In a network scenario with fragmentation of node classes, Bitcoin's security can be affected, as some nodes may lose part of the visibility over updated transactions or rules.

In hard forks, the security risk is even more evident because all nodes need to adopt the new update to avoid network division. Experience shows that abrupt changes can create temporary vulnerabilities, in which malicious agents try to exploit the transition to attack the network.

Bounty Claim Risks and Attack Scenarios

Another risk in consensus updates are so-called "bounty claims"—accumulated rewards that can be obtained if an attacker manages to split or deceive a part of the network. In a conflict scenario, a group of miners or nodes could be incentivized to support a new update or create an alternative version of the software to benefit from these rewards.

These risks require stakeholders to carefully assess each update and the potential vulnerabilities it may introduce. The possibility of "bounty claims" adds a layer of complexity to consensus because each interest group may see a financial opportunity in a change that, in the long term, may harm network stability.

The risks discussed above show the complexity of consensus in Bitcoin and the importance of approaching it gradually and deliberately. Updates need to consider not only technical aspects but also economic and social implications, in order to preserve Bitcoin's integrity and maintain trust among stakeholders.

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6. Recommendations for the Consensus Process in Bitcoin

To ensure that protocol changes in Bitcoin are implemented safely and with broad support, it is essential that all stakeholders adopt a careful and coordinated approach. Here are strategic recommendations for evaluating, supporting, or rejecting consensus updates, considering the risks and challenges discussed earlier, along with best practices for successful implementation.

1. Careful Evaluation of Proposal Maturity

Stakeholders should rigorously assess the maturity level of a proposal before supporting its implementation. Updates that are still experimental or lack a robust technical foundation can expose the network to unnecessary risks. Ideally, change proposals should go through an extensive testing phase, have security audits, and receive review and feedback from various developers and experts.

2. Extensive Testing in Secure and Compatible Networks

Before an update is activated on the mainnet, it is essential to test it on networks like testnet and signet, and whenever possible, on other compatible networks that offer a safe and controlled environment to identify potential issues. Testing on networks like Litecoin was fundamental for the safe launch of innovations like SegWit and the Lightning Network, allowing functionalities to be validated on a lower-impact network before being implemented on Bitcoin.

The Liquid Network, developed by Blockstream, also plays an important role as an experimental network for new proposals, such as OP_CAT. By adopting these testing environments, stakeholders can mitigate risks and ensure that the update is reliable and secure before being adopted by the main network.

3. Importance of Stakeholder Engagement

The success of a consensus update strongly depends on the active participation of all stakeholders. This includes economic nodes, miners, protocol developers, investors, and end users. Lack of participation can lead to inadequate decisions or even future network splits, which would compromise Bitcoin's security and stability.

4. Key Questions for Evaluating Consensus Proposals

To assist in decision-making, each group of stakeholders should consider some key questions before supporting a consensus change:

• Does the proposal offer tangible benefits for Bitcoin's security, scalability, or usability?
• Does it maintain backward compatibility or introduce the risk of network split?
• Are the implementation requirements clear and feasible for each group involved?
• Are there clear and aligned incentives for all stakeholder groups to accept the change?

5. Coordination and Timing in Implementations

Timing is crucial. Updates with short activation windows can force a split because not all nodes and miners can update simultaneously. Changes should be planned with ample deadlines to allow all stakeholders to adjust their systems, avoiding surprises that could lead to fragmentation.

Mechanisms like soft forks are generally preferable to hard forks because they allow a smoother transition. Opting for backward-compatible updates when possible facilitates the process and ensures that nodes and miners can adapt without pressure.

6. Continuous Monitoring and Re-evaluation

After an update, it's essential to monitor the network to identify problems or side effects. This continuous process helps ensure cohesion and trust among all participants, keeping Bitcoin as a secure and robust network.

These recommendations, including the use of secure networks for extensive testing, promote a collaborative and secure environment for Bitcoin's consensus process. By adopting a deliberate and strategic approach, stakeholders can preserve Bitcoin's value as a decentralized and censorship-resistant network.

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7. Conclusion

Consensus in Bitcoin is more than a set of rules; it's the foundation that sustains the network as a decentralized, secure, and reliable system. Unlike centralized systems, where decisions can be made quickly, Bitcoin requires a much more deliberate and cooperative approach, where the interests of miners, economic nodes, developers, investors, and users must be considered and harmonized. This governance model may seem slow, but it is fundamental to preserving the resilience and trust that make Bitcoin a global store of value and censorship-resistant.

Consensus updates in Bitcoin must balance the need for innovation with the preservation of the network's core principles. The development process of a proposal needs to be detailed and rigorous, going through several testing stages, such as in testnet, signet, and compatible networks like Litecoin and Liquid Network. These networks offer safe environments for proposals to be analyzed and improved before being launched on the main network.

Each proposed change must be carefully evaluated regarding its maturity, impact, backward compatibility, and support among stakeholders. The recommended key questions and appropriate timing are critical to ensure that an update is adopted without compromising network cohesion. It's also essential that the implementation process is continuously monitored and re-evaluated, allowing adjustments as necessary and minimizing the risk of instability.

By following these guidelines, Bitcoin's stakeholders can ensure that the network continues to evolve safely and robustly, maintaining user trust and further solidifying its role as one of the most resilient and innovative digital assets in the world. Ultimately, consensus in Bitcoin is not just a technical issue but a reflection of its community and the values it represents: security, decentralization, and resilience.

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8. Links

Whitepaper: https://github.com/bitcoin-cap/bcap

Youtube (pt-br): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rARycAibl9o&list=PL-qnhF0qlSPkfhorqsREuIu4UTbF0h4zb

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The future of physical money is at stake, and the discussion about DREX, the new digital currency planned by the Central Bank of Brazil, is gaining momentum. In a candid and intense conversation, Federal Deputy Julia Zanatta (PL/SC) discussed the challenges and risks of this digital transition, also addressing her Bill No. 3,341/2024, which aims to prevent the extinction of physical currency. This bill emerges as a direct response to legislative initiatives seeking to replace physical money with digital alternatives, limiting citizens' options and potentially compromising individual freedom. Let's delve into the main points of this conversation.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/i5YGJ9Ors3PkqAIMvNQ0

(PT-BR version here)

What is a CBDC?

Before discussing the specifics of DREX, it’s important to understand what a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is. CBDCs are digital currencies issued by central banks, similar to a digital version of physical money. Unlike cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which operate in a decentralized manner, CBDCs are centralized and regulated by the government. In other words, they are digital currencies created and controlled by the Central Bank, intended to replace physical currency.

A prominent feature of CBDCs is their programmability. This means that the government can theoretically set rules about how, where, and for what this currency can be used. This aspect enables a level of control over citizens' finances that is impossible with physical money. By programming the currency, the government could limit transactions by setting geographical or usage restrictions. In practice, money within a CBDC could be restricted to specific spending or authorized for use in a defined geographical area.

In countries like China, where citizen actions and attitudes are also monitored, a person considered to have a "low score" due to a moral or ideological violation may have their transactions limited to essential purchases, restricting their digital currency use to non-essential activities. This financial control is strengthened because, unlike physical money, digital currency cannot be exchanged anonymously.

Practical Example: The Case of DREX During the Pandemic

To illustrate how DREX could be used, an example was given by Eric Altafim, director of Banco Itaú. He suggested that, if DREX had existed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the government could have restricted the currency’s use to a 5-kilometer radius around a person’s residence, limiting their economic mobility. Another proposed use by the executive related to the Bolsa Família welfare program: the government could set up programming that only allows this benefit to be used exclusively for food purchases. Although these examples are presented as control measures for safety or organization, they demonstrate how much a CBDC could restrict citizens' freedom of choice.

To illustrate the potential for state control through a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), such as DREX, it is helpful to look at the example of China. In China, the implementation of a CBDC coincides with the country’s Social Credit System, a governmental surveillance tool that assesses citizens' and companies' behavior. Together, these technologies allow the Chinese government to monitor, reward, and, above all, punish behavior deemed inappropriate or threatening to the government.

How Does China's Social Credit System Work?

Implemented in 2014, China's Social Credit System assigns every citizen and company a "score" based on various factors, including financial behavior, criminal record, social interactions, and even online activities. This score determines the benefits or penalties each individual receives and can affect everything from public transport access to obtaining loans and enrolling in elite schools for their children. Citizens with low scores may face various sanctions, including travel restrictions, fines, and difficulty in securing loans.

With the adoption of the CBDC — or “digital yuan” — the Chinese government now has a new tool to closely monitor citizens' financial transactions, facilitating the application of Social Credit System penalties. China’s CBDC is a programmable digital currency, which means that the government can restrict how, when, and where the money can be spent. Through this level of control, digital currency becomes a powerful mechanism for influencing citizens' behavior.

Imagine, for instance, a citizen who repeatedly posts critical remarks about the government on social media or participates in protests. If the Social Credit System assigns this citizen a low score, the Chinese government could, through the CBDC, restrict their money usage in certain areas or sectors. For example, they could be prevented from buying tickets to travel to other regions, prohibited from purchasing certain consumer goods, or even restricted to making transactions only at stores near their home.

Another example of how the government can use the CBDC to enforce the Social Credit System is by monitoring purchases of products such as alcohol or luxury items. If a citizen uses the CBDC to spend more than the government deems reasonable on such products, this could negatively impact their social score, resulting in additional penalties such as future purchase restrictions or a lowered rating that impacts their personal and professional lives.

In China, this kind of control has already been demonstrated in several cases. Citizens added to Social Credit System “blacklists” have seen their spending and investment capacity severely limited. The combination of digital currency and social scores thus creates a sophisticated and invasive surveillance system, through which the Chinese government controls important aspects of citizens’ financial lives and individual freedoms.

Deputy Julia Zanatta views these examples with great concern. She argues that if the state has full control over digital money, citizens will be exposed to a level of economic control and surveillance never seen before. In a democracy, this control poses a risk, but in an authoritarian regime, it could be used as a powerful tool of repression.

DREX and Bill No. 3,341/2024

Julia Zanatta became aware of a bill by a Workers' Party (PT) deputy (Bill 4068/2020 by Deputy Reginaldo Lopes - PT/MG) that proposes the extinction of physical money within five years, aiming for a complete transition to DREX, the digital currency developed by the Central Bank of Brazil. Concerned about the impact of this measure, Julia drafted her bill, PL No. 3,341/2024, which prohibits the elimination of physical money, ensuring citizens the right to choose physical currency.

“The more I read about DREX, the less I want its implementation,” says the deputy. DREX is a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), similar to other state digital currencies worldwide, but which, according to Julia, carries extreme control risks. She points out that with DREX, the State could closely monitor each citizen’s transactions, eliminating anonymity and potentially restricting freedom of choice. This control would lie in the hands of the Central Bank, which could, in a crisis or government change, “freeze balances or even delete funds directly from user accounts.”

Risks and Individual Freedom

Julia raises concerns about potential abuses of power that complete digitalization could allow. In a democracy, state control over personal finances raises serious questions, and EddieOz warns of an even more problematic future. “Today we are in a democracy, but tomorrow, with a government transition, we don't know if this kind of power will be used properly or abused,” he states. In other words, DREX gives the State the ability to restrict or condition the use of money, opening the door to unprecedented financial surveillance.

EddieOz cites Nigeria as an example, where a CBDC was implemented, and the government imposed severe restrictions on the use of physical money to encourage the use of digital currency, leading to protests and clashes in the country. In practice, the poorest and unbanked — those without regular access to banking services — were harshly affected, as without physical money, many cannot conduct basic transactions. Julia highlights that in Brazil, this situation would be even more severe, given the large number of unbanked individuals and the extent of rural areas where access to technology is limited.

The Relationship Between DREX and Pix

The digital transition has already begun with Pix, which revolutionized instant transfers and payments in Brazil. However, Julia points out that Pix, though popular, is a citizen’s choice, while DREX tends to eliminate that choice. The deputy expresses concern about new rules suggested for Pix, such as daily transaction limits of a thousand reais, justified as anti-fraud measures but which, in her view, represent additional control and a profit opportunity for banks. “How many more rules will banks create to profit from us?” asks Julia, noting that DREX could further enhance control over personal finances.

International Precedents and Resistance to CBDC

The deputy also cites examples from other countries resisting the idea of a centralized digital currency. In the United States, states like New Hampshire have passed laws to prevent the advance of CBDCs, and leaders such as Donald Trump have opposed creating a national digital currency. Trump, addressing the topic, uses a justification similar to Julia’s: in a digitalized system, “with one click, your money could disappear.” She agrees with the warning, emphasizing the control risk that a CBDC represents, especially for countries with disadvantaged populations.

Besides the United States, Canada, Colombia, and Australia have also suspended studies on digital currencies, citing the need for further discussions on population impacts. However, in Brazil, the debate on DREX is still limited, with few parliamentarians and political leaders openly discussing the topic. According to Julia, only she and one or two deputies are truly trying to bring this discussion to the Chamber, making DREX’s advance even more concerning.

Bill No. 3,341/2024 and Popular Pressure

For Julia, her bill is a first step. Although she acknowledges that ideally, it would prevent DREX's implementation entirely, PL 3341/2024 is a measure to ensure citizens' choice to use physical money, preserving a form of individual freedom. “If the future means control, I prefer to live in the past,” Julia asserts, reinforcing that the fight for freedom is at the heart of her bill.

However, the deputy emphasizes that none of this will be possible without popular mobilization. According to her, popular pressure is crucial for other deputies to take notice and support PL 3341. “I am only one deputy, and we need the public’s support to raise the project’s visibility,” she explains, encouraging the public to press other parliamentarians and ask them to “pay attention to PL 3341 and the project that prohibits the end of physical money.” The deputy believes that with a strong awareness and pressure movement, it is possible to advance the debate and ensure Brazilians’ financial freedom.

What’s at Stake?

Julia Zanatta leaves no doubt: DREX represents a profound shift in how money will be used and controlled in Brazil. More than a simple modernization of the financial system, the Central Bank’s CBDC sets precedents for an unprecedented level of citizen surveillance and control in the country. For the deputy, this transition needs to be debated broadly and transparently, and it’s up to the Brazilian people to defend their rights and demand that the National Congress discuss these changes responsibly.

The deputy also emphasizes that, regardless of political or partisan views, this issue affects all Brazilians. “This agenda is something that will affect everyone. We need to be united to ensure people understand the gravity of what could happen.” Julia believes that by sharing information and generating open debate, it is possible to prevent Brazil from following the path of countries that have already implemented a digital currency in an authoritarian way.

A Call to Action

The future of physical money in Brazil is at risk. For those who share Deputy Julia Zanatta’s concerns, the time to act is now. Mobilize, get informed, and press your representatives. PL 3341/2024 is an opportunity to ensure that Brazilian citizens have a choice in how to use their money, without excessive state interference or surveillance.

In the end, as the deputy puts it, the central issue is freedom. “My fear is that this project will pass, and people won’t even understand what is happening.” Therefore, may every citizen at least have the chance to understand what’s at stake and make their voice heard in defense of a Brazil where individual freedom and privacy are respected values.

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Imagine sending a private message to a friend, only to learn that authorities could be scanning its contents without your knowledge. This isn't a scene from a dystopian novel but a potential reality under the European Union's proposed "Chat Control" measures. Aimed at combating serious crimes like child exploitation and terrorism, these proposals could significantly impact the privacy of everyday internet users. As encrypted messaging services become the norm for personal and professional communication, understanding Chat Control is essential. This article delves into what Chat Control entails, why it's being considered, and how it could affect your right to private communication.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/coOFsst7r7mO1EP1kSzV

Sections:

• Introduction
• What Is Chat Control?
• Why Is the EU Pushing for Chat Control?
• The Privacy Concerns and Risks
• The Technical Debate: Encryption and Backdoors
• Global Reactions and the Debate in Europe
• Possible Consequences for Messaging Services
• What Happens Next? The Future of Chat Control
• Conclusion

What Is Chat Control?

"Chat Control" refers to a set of proposed measures by the European Union aimed at monitoring and scanning private communications on messaging platforms. The primary goal is to detect and prevent the spread of illegal content, such as child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and to combat terrorism. While the intention is to enhance security and protect vulnerable populations, these proposals have raised significant privacy concerns.

At its core, Chat Control would require messaging services to implement automated scanning technologies that can analyze the content of messages—even those that are end-to-end encrypted. This means that the private messages you send to friends, family, or colleagues could be subject to inspection by algorithms designed to detect prohibited content.

Origins of the Proposal

The initiative for Chat Control emerged from the EU's desire to strengthen its digital security infrastructure. High-profile cases of online abuse and the use of encrypted platforms by criminal organizations have prompted lawmakers to consider more invasive surveillance tactics. The European Commission has been exploring legislation that would make it mandatory for service providers to monitor communications on their platforms.

How Messaging Services Work

Most modern messaging apps, like Signal, Session, SimpleX, Veilid, Protonmail and Tutanota (among others), use end-to-end encryption (E2EE). This encryption ensures that only the sender and the recipient can read the messages being exchanged. Not even the service providers can access the content. This level of security is crucial for maintaining privacy in digital communications, protecting users from hackers, identity thieves, and other malicious actors.

Key Elements of Chat Control

• Automated Content Scanning: Service providers would use algorithms to scan messages for illegal content.
• Circumvention of Encryption: To scan encrypted messages, providers might need to alter their encryption methods, potentially weakening security.
• Mandatory Reporting: If illegal content is detected, providers would be required to report it to authorities.
• Broad Applicability: The measures could apply to all messaging services operating within the EU, affecting both European companies and international platforms.

Why It Matters

Understanding Chat Control is essential because it represents a significant shift in how digital privacy is handled. While combating illegal activities online is crucial, the methods proposed could set a precedent for mass surveillance and the erosion of privacy rights. Everyday users who rely on encrypted messaging for personal and professional communication might find their conversations are no longer as private as they once thought.

Why Is the EU Pushing for Chat Control?

The European Union's push for Chat Control stems from a pressing concern to protect its citizens, particularly children, from online exploitation and criminal activities. With the digital landscape becoming increasingly integral to daily life, the EU aims to strengthen its ability to combat serious crimes facilitated through online platforms.

Protecting Children and Preventing Crime

One of the primary motivations behind Chat Control is the prevention of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) circulating on the internet. Law enforcement agencies have reported a significant increase in the sharing of illegal content through private messaging services. By implementing Chat Control, the EU believes it can more effectively identify and stop perpetrators, rescue victims, and deter future crimes.

Terrorism is another critical concern. Encrypted messaging apps can be used by terrorist groups to plan and coordinate attacks without detection. The EU argues that accessing these communications could be vital in preventing such threats and ensuring public safety.

Legal Context and Legislative Drivers

The push for Chat Control is rooted in several legislative initiatives:

• ePrivacy Directive: This directive regulates the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in electronic communications. The EU is considering amendments that would allow for the scanning of private messages under specific circumstances.

• Temporary Derogation: In 2021, the EU adopted a temporary regulation permitting voluntary detection of CSAM by communication services. The current proposals aim to make such measures mandatory and more comprehensive.

• Regulation Proposals: The European Commission has proposed regulations that would require service providers to detect, report, and remove illegal content proactively. This would include the use of technologies to scan private communications.

Balancing Security and Privacy

EU officials argue that the proposed measures are a necessary response to evolving digital threats. They emphasize the importance of staying ahead of criminals who exploit technology to harm others. By implementing Chat Control, they believe law enforcement can be more effective without entirely dismantling privacy protections.

However, the EU also acknowledges the need to balance security with fundamental rights. The proposals include provisions intended to limit the scope of surveillance, such as:

• Targeted Scanning: Focusing on specific threats rather than broad, indiscriminate monitoring.

• Judicial Oversight: Requiring court orders or oversight for accessing private communications.

• Data Protection Safeguards: Implementing measures to ensure that data collected is handled securely and deleted when no longer needed.

The Urgency Behind the Push

High-profile cases of online abuse and terrorism have heightened the sense of urgency among EU policymakers. Reports of increasing online grooming and the widespread distribution of illegal content have prompted calls for immediate action. The EU posits that without measures like Chat Control, these problems will continue to escalate unchecked.

Criticism and Controversy

Despite the stated intentions, the push for Chat Control has been met with significant criticism. Opponents argue that the measures could be ineffective against savvy criminals who can find alternative ways to communicate. There is also concern that such surveillance could be misused or extended beyond its original purpose.

The Privacy Concerns and Risks

While the intentions behind Chat Control focus on enhancing security and protecting vulnerable groups, the proposed measures raise significant privacy concerns. Critics argue that implementing such surveillance could infringe on fundamental rights and set a dangerous precedent for mass monitoring of private communications.

Infringement on Privacy Rights

At the heart of the debate is the right to privacy. By scanning private messages, even with automated tools, the confidentiality of personal communications is compromised. Users may no longer feel secure sharing sensitive information, fearing that their messages could be intercepted or misinterpreted by algorithms.

Erosion of End-to-End Encryption

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a cornerstone of digital security, ensuring that only the sender and recipient can read the messages exchanged. Chat Control could necessitate the introduction of "backdoors" or weaken encryption protocols, making it easier for unauthorized parties to access private data. This not only affects individual privacy but also exposes communications to potential cyber threats.

Concerns from Privacy Advocates

Organizations like Signal and Tutanota, which offer encrypted messaging services, have voiced strong opposition to Chat Control. They warn that undermining encryption could have far-reaching consequences:

• Security Risks: Weakening encryption makes systems more vulnerable to hacking, espionage, and cybercrime.
• Global Implications: Changes in EU regulations could influence policies worldwide, leading to a broader erosion of digital privacy.
• Ineffectiveness Against Crime: Determined criminals might resort to other, less detectable means of communication, rendering the measures ineffective while still compromising the privacy of law-abiding citizens.

Potential for Government Overreach

There is a fear that Chat Control could lead to increased surveillance beyond its original scope. Once the infrastructure for scanning private messages is in place, it could be repurposed or expanded to monitor other types of content, stifling free expression and dissent.

Real-World Implications for Users

• False Positives: Automated scanning technologies are not infallible and could mistakenly flag innocent content, leading to unwarranted scrutiny or legal consequences for users.
• Chilling Effect: Knowing that messages could be monitored might discourage people from expressing themselves freely, impacting personal relationships and societal discourse.
• Data Misuse: Collected data could be vulnerable to leaks or misuse, compromising personal and sensitive information.

Legal and Ethical Concerns

Privacy advocates also highlight potential conflicts with existing laws and ethical standards:

• Violation of Fundamental Rights: The European Convention on Human Rights and other international agreements protect the right to privacy and freedom of expression.
• Questionable Effectiveness: The ethical justification for such invasive measures is challenged if they do not significantly improve safety or if they disproportionately impact innocent users.

Opposition from Member States and Organizations

Countries like Germany and organizations such as the European Digital Rights (EDRi) have expressed opposition to Chat Control. They emphasize the need to protect digital privacy and caution against hasty legislation that could have unintended consequences.

The Technical Debate: Encryption and Backdoors

The discussion around Chat Control inevitably leads to a complex technical debate centered on encryption and the potential introduction of backdoors into secure communication systems. Understanding these concepts is crucial to grasping the full implications of the proposed measures.

What Is End-to-End Encryption (E2EE)?

End-to-end encryption is a method of secure communication that prevents third parties from accessing data while it's transferred from one end system to another. In simpler terms, only the sender and the recipient can read the messages. Even the service providers operating the messaging platforms cannot decrypt the content.

• Security Assurance: E2EE ensures that sensitive information—be it personal messages, financial details, or confidential business communications—remains private.
• Widespread Use: Popular messaging apps like Signal, Session, SimpleX, Veilid, Protonmail and Tutanota (among others) rely on E2EE to protect user data.

How Chat Control Affects Encryption

Implementing Chat Control as proposed would require messaging services to scan the content of messages for illegal material. To do this on encrypted platforms, providers might have to:

• Introduce Backdoors: Create a means for third parties (including the service provider or authorities) to access encrypted messages.
• Client-Side Scanning: Install software on users' devices that scans messages before they are encrypted and sent, effectively bypassing E2EE.

The Risks of Weakening Encryption

1. Compromised Security for All Users

Introducing backdoors or client-side scanning tools can create vulnerabilities:

• Exploitable Gaps: If a backdoor exists, malicious actors might find and exploit it, leading to data breaches.
• Universal Impact: Weakening encryption doesn't just affect targeted individuals; it potentially exposes all users to increased risk.

2. Undermining Trust in Digital Services

• User Confidence: Knowing that private communications could be accessed might deter people from using digital services or push them toward unregulated platforms.
• Business Implications: Companies relying on secure communications might face increased risks, affecting economic activities.

3. Ineffectiveness Against Skilled Adversaries

• Alternative Methods: Criminals might shift to other encrypted channels or develop new ways to avoid detection.
• False Sense of Security: Weakening encryption could give the impression of increased safety while adversaries adapt and continue their activities undetected.

Signal’s Response and Stance

Signal, a leading encrypted messaging service, has been vocal in its opposition to the EU's proposals:

• Refusal to Weaken Encryption: Signal's CEO Meredith Whittaker has stated that the company would rather cease operations in the EU than compromise its encryption standards.
• Advocacy for Privacy: Signal emphasizes that strong encryption is essential for protecting human rights and freedoms in the digital age.

Understanding Backdoors

A "backdoor" in encryption is an intentional weakness inserted into a system to allow authorized access to encrypted data. While intended for legitimate use by authorities, backdoors pose several problems:

• Security Vulnerabilities: They can be discovered and exploited by unauthorized parties, including hackers and foreign governments.
• Ethical Concerns: The existence of backdoors raises questions about consent and the extent to which governments should be able to access private communications.

The Slippery Slope Argument

Privacy advocates warn that introducing backdoors or mandatory scanning sets a precedent:

• Expanded Surveillance: Once in place, these measures could be extended to monitor other types of content beyond the original scope.
• Erosion of Rights: Gradual acceptance of surveillance can lead to a significant reduction in personal freedoms over time.

Potential Technological Alternatives

Some suggest that it's possible to fight illegal content without undermining encryption:

• Metadata Analysis: Focusing on patterns of communication rather than content.
• Enhanced Reporting Mechanisms: Encouraging users to report illegal content voluntarily.
• Investing in Law Enforcement Capabilities: Strengthening traditional investigative methods without compromising digital security.

Conclusion of the Technical Debate

The technical community largely agrees that weakening encryption is not the solution:

• Consensus on Security: Strong encryption is essential for the safety and privacy of all internet users.
• Call for Dialogue: Technologists and privacy experts advocate for collaborative approaches that address security concerns without sacrificing fundamental rights.

Global Reactions and the Debate in Europe

The proposal for Chat Control has ignited a heated debate across Europe and beyond, with various stakeholders weighing in on the potential implications for privacy, security, and fundamental rights. The reactions are mixed, reflecting differing national perspectives, political priorities, and societal values.

Support for Chat Control

Some EU member states and officials support the initiative, emphasizing the need for robust measures to combat online crime and protect citizens, especially children. They argue that:

• Enhanced Security: Mandatory scanning can help law enforcement agencies detect and prevent serious crimes.
• Responsibility of Service Providers: Companies offering communication services should play an active role in preventing their platforms from being used for illegal activities.
• Public Safety Priorities: The protection of vulnerable populations justifies the implementation of such measures, even if it means compromising some aspects of privacy.

Opposition within the EU

Several countries and organizations have voiced strong opposition to Chat Control, citing concerns over privacy rights and the potential for government overreach.

Germany

• Stance: Germany has been one of the most vocal opponents of the proposed measures.
• Reasons:
• Constitutional Concerns: The German government argues that Chat Control could violate constitutional protections of privacy and confidentiality of communications.
• Security Risks: Weakening encryption is seen as a threat to cybersecurity.
• Legal Challenges: Potential conflicts with national laws protecting personal data and communication secrecy.

Netherlands

• Recent Developments: The Dutch government decided against supporting Chat Control, emphasizing the importance of encryption for security and privacy.
• Arguments:
• Effectiveness Doubts: Skepticism about the actual effectiveness of the measures in combating crime.
• Negative Impact on Privacy: Concerns about mass surveillance and the infringement of citizens' rights.

Table reference: Patrick Breyer - Chat Control in 23 September 2024

Privacy Advocacy Groups

European Digital Rights (EDRi)

• Role: A network of civil and human rights organizations working to defend rights and freedoms in the digital environment.
• Position:
• Strong Opposition: EDRi argues that Chat Control is incompatible with fundamental rights.
• Awareness Campaigns: Engaging in public campaigns to inform citizens about the potential risks.
• Policy Engagement: Lobbying policymakers to consider alternative approaches that respect privacy.

Politicians and Activists

Patrick Breyer

• Background: A Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Germany, representing the Pirate Party.
• Actions:
• Advocacy: Actively campaigning against Chat Control through speeches, articles, and legislative efforts.
• Public Outreach: Using social media and public events to raise awareness.
• Legal Expertise: Highlighting the legal inconsistencies and potential violations of EU law.

Global Reactions

International Organizations

• Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International: These organizations have expressed concerns about the implications for human rights, urging the EU to reconsider.

Technology Companies

• Global Tech Firms: Companies like Apple and Microsoft are monitoring the situation, as EU regulations could affect their operations and user trust.
• Industry Associations: Groups representing tech companies have issued statements highlighting the risks to innovation and competitiveness.

The Broader Debate

The controversy over Chat Control reflects a broader struggle between security interests and privacy rights in the digital age. Key points in the debate include:

• Legal Precedents: How the EU's decision might influence laws and regulations in other countries.
• Digital Sovereignty: The desire of nations to control digital spaces within their borders.
• Civil Liberties: The importance of protecting freedoms in the face of technological advancements.

Public Opinion

• Diverse Views: Surveys and public forums show a range of opinions, with some citizens prioritizing security and others valuing privacy above all.
• Awareness Levels: Many people are still unaware of the potential changes, highlighting the need for public education on the issue.

Conclusion of the Debate

The EU is at a crossroads, facing the challenge of addressing legitimate security concerns without undermining the fundamental rights that are central to its values. The outcome of this debate will have significant implications for the future of digital privacy and the balance between security and freedom in society.

Possible Consequences for Messaging Services

The implementation of Chat Control could have significant implications for messaging services operating within the European Union. Both large platforms and smaller providers might need to adapt their technologies and policies to comply with the new regulations, potentially altering the landscape of digital communication.

Impact on Encrypted Messaging Services

Signal and Similar Platforms

• Compliance Challenges: Encrypted messaging services like Signal rely on end-to-end encryption to secure user communications. Complying with Chat Control could force them to weaken their encryption protocols or implement client-side scanning, conflicting with their core privacy principles.

• Operational Decisions: Some platforms may choose to limit their services in the EU or cease operations altogether rather than compromise on encryption. Signal, for instance, has indicated that it would prefer to withdraw from European markets than undermine its security features.

Potential Blocking or Limiting of Services

• Regulatory Enforcement: Messaging services that do not comply with Chat Control regulations could face fines, legal action, or even be blocked within the EU.

• Access Restrictions: Users in Europe might find certain services unavailable or limited in functionality if providers decide not to meet the regulatory requirements.

Effects on Smaller Providers

• Resource Constraints: Smaller messaging services and startups may lack the resources to implement the required scanning technologies, leading to increased operational costs or forcing them out of the market.

• Innovation Stifling: The added regulatory burden could deter new entrants, reducing competition and innovation in the messaging service sector.

User Experience and Trust

• Privacy Concerns: Users may lose trust in messaging platforms if they know their communications are subject to scanning, leading to a decline in user engagement.

• Migration to Unregulated Platforms: There is a risk that users might shift to less secure or unregulated services, including those operated outside the EU or on the dark web, potentially exposing them to greater risks.

Technical and Security Implications

• Increased Vulnerabilities: Modifying encryption protocols to comply with Chat Control could introduce security flaws, making platforms more susceptible to hacking and data breaches.

• Global Security Risks: Changes made to accommodate EU regulations might affect the global user base of these services, extending security risks beyond European borders.

Impact on Businesses and Professional Communications

• Confidentiality Issues: Businesses that rely on secure messaging for sensitive communications may face challenges in ensuring confidentiality, affecting sectors like finance, healthcare, and legal services.

• Compliance Complexity: Companies operating internationally will need to navigate a complex landscape of differing regulations, increasing administrative burdens.

Economic Consequences

• Market Fragmentation: Divergent regulations could lead to a fragmented market, with different versions of services for different regions.

• Loss of Revenue: Messaging services might experience reduced revenue due to decreased user trust and engagement or the costs associated with compliance.

Responses from Service Providers

• Legal Challenges: Companies might pursue legal action against the regulations, citing conflicts with privacy laws and user rights.

• Policy Advocacy: Service providers may increase lobbying efforts to influence policy decisions and promote alternatives to Chat Control.

Possible Adaptations

• Technological Innovation: Some providers might invest in developing new technologies that can detect illegal content without compromising encryption, though the feasibility remains uncertain.

• Transparency Measures: To maintain user trust, companies might enhance transparency about how data is handled and what measures are in place to protect privacy.

Summary of Consequences

The potential consequences of Chat Control for messaging services are profound, affecting not only the companies that provide these services but also the users who rely on them daily. The balance between complying with legal requirements and maintaining user privacy and security presents a significant challenge that could reshape the digital communication landscape.

What Happens Next? The Future of Chat Control

The future of Chat Control remains uncertain as the debate continues among EU member states, policymakers, technology companies, and civil society organizations. Several factors will influence the outcome of this contentious proposal, each carrying significant implications for digital privacy, security, and the regulatory environment within the European Union.

Current Status of Legislation

• Ongoing Negotiations: The proposed Chat Control measures are still under discussion within the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Amendments and revisions are being considered in response to the feedback from various stakeholders.

• Timeline: While there is no fixed date for the final decision, the EU aims to reach a consensus to implement effective measures against online crime without undue delay.

Key Influencing Factors

1. Legal Challenges and Compliance with EU Law

• Fundamental Rights Assessment: The proposals must be evaluated against the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, ensuring that any measures comply with rights to privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression.

• Court Scrutiny: Potential legal challenges could arise, leading to scrutiny by the European Court of Justice (ECJ), which may impact the feasibility and legality of Chat Control.

2. Technological Feasibility

• Development of Privacy-Preserving Technologies: Research into methods that can detect illegal content without compromising encryption is ongoing. Advances in this area could provide alternative solutions acceptable to both privacy advocates and security agencies.

• Implementation Challenges: The practical aspects of deploying scanning technologies across various platforms and services remain complex, and technical hurdles could delay or alter the proposed measures.

3. Political Dynamics

• Member State Positions: The differing stances of EU countries, such as Germany's opposition, play a significant role in shaping the final outcome. Consensus among member states is crucial for adopting EU-wide regulations.

• Public Opinion and Advocacy: Growing awareness and activism around digital privacy can influence policymakers. Public campaigns and lobbying efforts may sway decisions in favor of stronger privacy protections.

4. Industry Responses

• Negotiations with Service Providers: Ongoing dialogues between EU authorities and technology companies may lead to compromises or collaborative efforts to address concerns without fully implementing Chat Control as initially proposed.

• Potential for Self-Regulation: Messaging services might propose self-regulatory measures to combat illegal content, aiming to demonstrate effectiveness without the need for mandatory scanning.

Possible Scenarios

Optimistic Outcome:

• Balanced Regulation: A revised proposal emerges that effectively addresses security concerns while upholding strong encryption and privacy rights, possibly through innovative technologies or targeted measures with robust oversight.

Pessimistic Outcome:

• Adoption of Strict Measures: Chat Control is implemented as initially proposed, leading to weakened encryption, reduced privacy, and potential withdrawal of services like Signal from the EU market.

Middle Ground:

• Incremental Implementation: Partial measures are adopted, focusing on voluntary cooperation with service providers and emphasizing transparency and user consent, with ongoing evaluations to assess effectiveness and impact.

How to Stay Informed and Protect Your Privacy

• Follow Reputable Sources: Keep up with news from reliable outlets, official EU communications, and statements from privacy organizations to stay informed about developments.

• Engage in the Dialogue: Participate in public consultations, sign petitions, or contact representatives to express your views on Chat Control and digital privacy.

• Utilize Secure Practices: Regardless of legislative outcomes, adopting good digital hygiene—such as using strong passwords and being cautious with personal information—can enhance your online security.

The Global Perspective

• International Implications: The EU's decision may influence global policies on encryption and surveillance, setting precedents that other countries might follow or react against.

• Collaboration Opportunities: International cooperation on developing solutions that protect both security and privacy could emerge, fostering a more unified approach to addressing online threats.

Looking Ahead

The future of Chat Control is a critical issue that underscores the challenges of governing in the digital age. Balancing the need for security with the protection of fundamental rights is a complex task that requires careful consideration, open dialogue, and collaboration among all stakeholders.

As the situation evolves, staying informed and engaged is essential. The decisions made in the coming months will shape the digital landscape for years to come, affecting how we communicate, conduct business, and exercise our rights in an increasingly connected world.

Conclusion

The debate over Chat Control highlights a fundamental challenge in our increasingly digital world: how to protect society from genuine threats without eroding the very rights and freedoms that define it. While the intention to safeguard children and prevent crime is undeniably important, the means of achieving this through intrusive surveillance measures raise critical concerns.

Privacy is not just a personal preference but a cornerstone of democratic societies. End-to-end encryption has become an essential tool for ensuring that our personal conversations, professional communications, and sensitive data remain secure from unwanted intrusion. Weakening these protections could expose individuals and organizations to risks that far outweigh the proposed benefits.

The potential consequences of implementing Chat Control are far-reaching:

• Erosion of Trust: Users may lose confidence in digital platforms, impacting how we communicate and conduct business online.
• Security Vulnerabilities: Introducing backdoors or weakening encryption can make systems more susceptible to cyberattacks.
• Stifling Innovation: Regulatory burdens may hinder technological advancement and competitiveness in the tech industry.
• Global Implications: The EU's decisions could set precedents that influence digital policies worldwide, for better or worse.

As citizens, it's crucial to stay informed about these developments. Engage in conversations, reach out to your representatives, and advocate for solutions that respect both security needs and fundamental rights. Technology and policy can evolve together to address challenges without compromising core values.

The future of Chat Control is not yet decided, and public input can make a significant difference. By promoting open dialogue, supporting privacy-preserving innovations, and emphasizing the importance of human rights in legislation, we can work towards a digital landscape that is both safe and free.

In a world where digital communication is integral to daily life, striking the right balance between security and privacy is more important than ever. The choices made today will shape the digital environment for generations to come, determining not just how we communicate, but how we live and interact in an interconnected world.

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Thank you for reading this article. We hope it has provided you with a clear understanding of Chat Control and its potential impact on your privacy and digital rights. Stay informed, stay engaged, and let's work together towards a secure and open digital future.

Read more:

• https://www.patrick-breyer.de/en/posts/chat-control/
• https://www.patrick-breyer.de/en/new-eu-push-for-chat-control-will-messenger-services-be-blocked-in-europe/
• https://edri.org/our-work/dutch-decision-puts-brakes-on-chat-control/
• https://signal.org/blog/pdfs/ndss-keynote.pdf
• https://tuta.com/blog/germany-stop-chat-control
• https://cointelegraph.com/news/signal-president-slams-revised-eu-encryption-proposal
• https://mullvad.net/en/why-privacy-matters

@ f977c464:32fcbe00

Güneşin kaybolmasının üçüncü günü, saat öğlen on ikiyi yirmi geçiyordu. Trenin kalkmasına yaklaşık iki saat vardı. Hepimiz perondaydık. Valizlerimiz, kolilerimiz, renk renk ve biçimsiz çantalarımızla yan yana dizilmiş, kısa aralıklarla tepemizdeki devasa saati kontrol ediyorduk.

Ama ne kadar dik bakarsak bakalım zaman bir türlü istediğimiz hızla ilerlemiyordu. Herkes birkaç dakika sürmesi gereken alelade bir doğa olayına sıkışıp kalmış, karanlıktan sürünerek çıkmayı deniyordu.

Bekleme salonuna doğru döndüm. Nefesimden çıkan buharın arkasında, kalın taş duvarları ve camlarıyla morg kadar güvenli ve soğuk duruyordu. Cesetleri o yüzden bunun gibi yerlere taşımaya başlamışlardı. Demek insanların bütün iyiliği başkaları onları gördüğü içindi ki gündüzleri gecelerden daha karanlık olduğunda hemen birbirlerinin gırtlağına çökmüş, böğürlerinde delikler açmış, gözlerini oyup kafataslarını parçalamışlardı.

İstasyonun ışığı titrediğinde karanlığın enseme saplandığını hissettim. Eğer şimdi, böyle kalabalık bir yerde elektrik kesilse başımıza ne gelirdi?

İçerideki askerlerden biri bakışlarımı yakalayınca yeniden saate odaklanmış gibi yaptım. Sadece birkaç dakika geçmişti.

“Tarlalarım gitti. Böyle boyum kadar ayçiçeği doluydu. Ah, hepsi ölüp gidiyor. Afitap’ın çiçekleri de gi-”

“Dayı, Allah’ını seversen sus. Hepimizi yakacaksın şimdi.”

Karanlıkta durduğunda, görünmez olmayı istemeye başlıyordun. Kimse seni görmemeli, nefesini bile duymamalıydı. Kimsenin de ayağının altında dolaşmamalıydın; gelip kazayla sana çarpmamalılar, takılıp sendelememeliydiler. Yoksa aslında hedefi sen olmadığın bir öfke gürlemeye başlar, yaşadığın ilk şoku ve acıyı silerek üstünden geçerdi.

İlk konuşan, yaşlıca bir adam, kafasında kasketi, nasırlı ellerine hohluyordu. Gözleri ve burnu kızarmıştı. Güneşin kaybolması onun için kendi başına bir felaket değildi. Hayatına olan pratik yansımalarından korkuyordu olsa olsa. Bir anının kaybolması, bu yüzden çoktan kaybettiği birinin biraz daha eksilmesi. Hayatta kalmasını gerektiren sebepler azalırken, hayatta kalmasını sağlayacak kaynaklarını da kaybediyordu.

Onu susturan delikanlıysa atkısını bütün kafasına sarmış, sakalı ve yüzünün derinliklerine kaçmış gözleri dışında bedeninin bütün parçalarını gizlemeye çalışıyordu. İşte o, güneşin kaybolmasının tam olarak ne anlama geldiğini anlamamış olsa bile, dehşetini olduğu gibi hissedebilenlerdendi.

Güneşin onlardan alındıktan sonra kime verileceğini sormuyorlardı. En başta onlara verildiğinde de hiçbir soru sormamışlardı zaten.

İki saat ne zaman geçer?

Midemin üstünde, sağ tarafıma doğru keskin bir acı hissettim. Karaciğerim. Gözlerimi yumdum. Yanımda biri metal bir nesneyi yere bıraktı. Bir kafesti. İçerisindeki kartalın ıslak kokusu burnuma ulaşmadan önce bile biliyordum bunu.

“Yeniden mi?” diye sordu bana kartal. Kanatları kanlı. Zamanın her bir parçası tüylerinin üstüne çöreklenmişti. Gagası bir şey, tahminen et parçası geveliyor gibi hareket ediyordu. Eski anılar kolay unutulmazmış. Şu anda kafesinin kalın parmaklıklarının ardında olsa da bunun bir aldatmaca olduğunu bir tek ben biliyordum. Her an kanatlarını iki yana uzatıverebilir, hava bu hareketiyle dalgalanarak kafesi esneterek hepimizi içine alacak kadar genişleyebilir, parmaklıklar önce ayaklarımızın altına serilir gibi gözükebilir ama aslında hepimizin üstünde yükselerek tepemize çökebilirdi.

Aşağıya baktım. Tahtalarla zapt edilmiş, hiçbir yere gidemeyen ama her yere uzanan tren rayları. Atlayıp koşsam… Çantam çok ağırdı. Daha birkaç adım atamadan, kartal, suratını bedenime gömerdi.

“Bu sefer farklı,” diye yanıtladım onu. “Yeniden diyemezsin. Tekrarladığım bir şey değil bu. Hatta bir hata yapıyormuşum gibi tonlayamazsın da. Bu sefer, insanların hak etmediğini biliyorum.”

“O zaman daha vahim. Süzme salaksın demektir.”

“İnsanların hak etmemesi, insanlığın hak etmediği anlamına gelmez ki.”

Az önce göz göze geldiğim genççe ama çökük asker hâlâ bana bakıyordu. Bir kartalla konuştuğumu anlamamıştı şüphesiz. Yanımdakilerden biriyle konuştuğumu sanmış olmalıydı. Ama konuştuğum kişiye bakmıyordum ona göre. Çekingence kafamı eğmiştim. Bir kez daha göz göze geldiğimizde içerideki diğer iki askere bir şeyler söyledi, onlar dönüp beni süzerken dışarı çıktı.

Yanımızdaki, az önce konuşan iki adam da şaşkınlıkla bir bana bir kartala bakıyordu.

“Yalnız bu sefer kalbin de kırılacak, Prometheus,” dedi kartal, bana. “Belki son olur. Biliyorsun, bir sürü soruna neden oluyor bu yaptıkların.”

Beni koruyordu sözde. En çok kanıma dokunan buydu. Kasıklarımın üstüne oturmuş, kanlı suratının ardında gözleri parlarken attığı çığlık kulaklarımda titremeye devam ediyordu. Bu tabloda kimsenin kimseyi düşündüğü yoktu. Kartalın, yanımızdaki adamların, artık arkama kadar gelmiş olması gereken askerin, tren raylarının, geçmeyen saatlerin…

Arkamı döndüğümde, asker sahiden oradaydı. Zaten öyle olması gerekiyordu; görmüştüm bunu, biliyordum. Kehanetler… Bir şeyler söylüyordu ama ağzı oynarken sesi çıkmıyordu. Yavaşlamış, kendisini saatin akışına uydurmuştu. Havada donan tükürüğünden anlaşılıyordu, sinirliydi. Korktuğu için olduğunu biliyordum. Her seferinde korkmuşlardı. Beni unutmuş olmaları işlerini kolaylaştırmıyordu. Sadece yeni bir isim vermelerine neden oluyordu. Bu seferkiyle beni lanetleyecekleri kesinleşmişti.

Olması gerekenle olanların farklı olması ne kadar acınasıydı. Olması gerekenlerin doğasının kötücül olmasıysa bir yerde buna dayanıyordu.

“Salaksın,” dedi kartal bana. Zamanı aşan bir çığlık. Hepimizin önüne geçmişti ama kimseyi durduramıyordu.

Sonsuzluğa kaç tane iki saat sıkıştırabilirsiniz?

Ben bir tane bile sıkıştıramadım.

Çantama uzanıyordum. Asker de sırtındaki tüfeğini indiriyordu. Benim acelem yoktu, onunsa eli ayağı birbirine dolaşıyordu. Oysaki her şey tam olması gerektiği anda olacaktı. Kehanet başkasının parmaklarının ucundaydı.

Güneş, bir tüfeğin patlamasıyla yeryüzüne doğdu.

Rayların üzerine serilmiş göğsümün ortasından, bir çantanın içinden.

Not: Bu öykü ilk olarak 2021 yılında Esrarengiz Hikâyeler'de yayımlanmıştır.

@ f977c464:32fcbe00

Kendisini aynada ilk defa gördüğü o gün, diğerleri gibi olduğunu anlamıştı. Oysaki her insan biricik olmalıydı. Sözgelimi sinirlendiğinde bir kaşı diğerinden birkaç milimetre daha az çatılabilirdi veya sevindiğinde dudağı ona has bir açıyla dalgalanabilirdi. Hatta bunların hiçbiri mümkün değilse, en azından, gözlerinin içinde sadece onun sahip olabileceği bir ışık parlayabilirdi. Çok sıradan, öyle sıradan ki kimsenin fark etmediği o milyonlarca minik şeyden herhangi biri. Ne olursa.

Ama yansımasına bakarken bunların hiçbirini bulamadı ve diğer günlerden hiç de farklı başlamamış o gün, işe gitmek için vagonunun gelmesini beklediği alelade bir metro istasyonunda, içinde kaybolduğu illüzyon dağılmaya başladı.

İlk önce derisi döküldü. Tam olarak dökülmedi aslında, daha çok kıvılcımlara dönüşüp bedeninden fırlamış ve bir an sonra sönerek külleşmiş, havada dağılmıştı. Ardında da, kaybolmadan hemen önce, kısa süre için hayal meyal görülebilen, bir ruhun yok oluşuna ağıt yakan rengârenk peri cesetleri bırakmıştı. Beklenenin aksine, havaya toz kokusu yayıldı.

Dehşete düştü elbette. Dehşete düştüler. Panikle üstlerini yırtan 50 işçi. Her şeyin sebebiyse o vagon.

Saçları da döküldü. Her tel, yere varmadan önce, her santimde ikiye ayrıla ayrıla yok oldu.

Bütün yüzeylerin mat olduğu, hiçbir şeyin yansımadığı, suyun siyah aktığı ve kendine ancak kameralarla bakabildiğin bir dünyada, vagonun içine yerleştirilmiş bir aynadan ilk defa kendini görmek.

Gözlerinin akları buharlaşıp havada dağıldı, mercekleri boşalan yeri doldurmak için eriyip yayıldı. Gerçeği görmemek için yaratılmış, bu yüzden görmeye hazır olmayan ve hiç olmayacak gözler.

Her şeyin o anda sona erdiğini sanabilirdi insan. Derin bir karanlık ve ölüm. Görmenin görmek olduğu o anın bitişi.

---

Ben geldiğimde ölmüşlerdi.

Yani bozulmuşlardı demek istiyorum.

Belleklerini yeni taşıyıcılara takmam mümkün olmadı. Fiziksel olarak kusursuz durumdaydılar, olmayanları da tamir edebilirdim ama tüm o hengamede kendilerini baştan programlamış ve girdilerini modifiye etmişlerdi.

Belleklerden birini masanın üzerinden ileriye savurdu. Hınca hınç dolu bir barda oturuyorlardı. O ve arkadaşı.

Sırf şu kendisini insan sanan androidler travma geçirip delirmesin diye neler yapıyoruz, insanın aklı almıyor.

Eliyle arkasını işaret etti.

Polislerin söylediğine göre biri vagonun içerisine ayna yerleştirmiş. Bu zavallılar da kapı açılıp bir anda yansımalarını görünce kafayı kırmışlar.

Arkadaşı bunların ona ne hissettirdiğini sordu. Yani o kadar bozuk, insan olduğunu sanan androidi kendilerini parçalamış olarak yerde görmek onu sarsmamış mıydı?

Hayır, sonuçta belirli bir amaç için yaratılmış şeyler onlar. Kaliteli bir bilgisayarım bozulduğunda üzülürüm çünkü parasını ben vermişimdir. Bunlarsa devletin. Bana ne ki?

Arkadaşı anlayışla kafasını sallayıp suyundan bir yudum aldı. Kravatını biraz gevşetti.

Bira istemediğinden emin misin?

İstemediğini söyledi. Sahi, neden deliriyordu bu androidler?

Basit. Onların yapay zekâlarını kodlarken bir şeyler yazıyorlar. Yazılımcılar. Biliyorsun, ben donanımdayım. Bunlar da kendilerini insan sanıyorlar. Tiplerine bak.

Sesini alçalttı.

Arabalarda kaza testi yapılan mankenlere benziyor hepsi. Ağızları burunları bile yok ama şu geldiğimizden beri sakalını düzeltip duruyor mesela. Hayır, hepsi de diğerleri onun sakalı varmış sanıyor, o manyak bir şey.

Arkadaşı bunun delirmeleriyle bağlantısını çözemediğini söyledi. O da normal sesiyle konuşmaya devam etti.

Anlasana, aynayı falan ayırt edemiyor mercekleri. Lönk diye kendilerini görüyorlar. Böyle, olduğu gibi...

Nedenmiş peki? Ne gerek varmış?

Ne bileyim be abicim! Ahiret soruları gibi.

Birasına bakarak dalıp gitti. Sonra masaya abanarak arkadaşına iyice yaklaştı. Bulanık, bir tünelin ucundaki biri gibi, şekli şemalı belirsiz bir adam.

Ben seni nereden tanıyorum ki ulan? Kimsin sen?

Belleği makineden çıkardılar. İki kişiydiler. Soruşturmadan sorumlu memurlar.

─ Baştan mı başlıyoruz, diye sordu belleği elinde tutan ilk memur.

─ Bir kere daha deneyelim ama bu sefer direkt aynayı sorarak başla, diye cevapladı ikinci memur.

─ Bence de. Yeterince düzgün çalışıyor.

Simülasyon yüklenirken, ayakta, biraz arkada duran ve alnını kaşıyan ikinci memur sormaktan kendisini alamadı:

─ Bu androidleri niye böyle bir olay yerine göndermişler ki? Belli tost olacakları. İsraf. Gidip biz baksak aynayı kırıp delilleri mahvetmek zorunda da kalmazlar.

Diğer memur sandalyesinde hafifçe dönecek oldu, o sırada soruyu bilgisayarın hoparlöründen teknisyen cevapladı.

Hangi işimizde bir yamukluk yok ki be abi.

---

Ama bir son değildi. Üstlerindeki tüm illüzyon dağıldığında ve çıplak, cinsiyetsiz, birbirinin aynı bedenleriyle kaldıklarında sıra dünyaya gelmişti.

Yere düştüler. Elleri -bütün bedeni gibi siyah turmalinden, boğumları çelikten- yere değdiği anda, metronun zemini dağıldı.

Yerdeki karolar öncesinde beyazdı ve çok parlaktı. Tepelerindeki floresan, ışığını olduğu gibi yansıtıyor, tek bir lekenin olmadığı ve tek bir tozun uçmadığı istasyonu aydınlatıyorlardı.

Duvarlara duyurular asılmıştı. Örneğin, yarın akşam kültür merkezinde 20.00’da başlayacak bir tekno blues festivalinin cıvıl cıvıl afişi vardı. Onun yanında daha geniş, sarı puntolu harflerle yazılmış, yatay siyah kesiklerle çerçevesi çizilmiş, bir platformdan düşen çöp adamın bulunduğu “Dikkat! Sarı bandı geçmeyin!” uyarısı. Biraz ilerisinde günlük resmi gazete, onun ilerisinde bir aksiyon filminin ve başka bir romantik komedi filminin afişleri, yapılacakların ve yapılmayacakların söylendiği küçük puntolu çeşitli duyurular... Duvar uzayıp giden bir panoydu. On, on beş metrede bir tekrarlanıyordu.

Tüm istasyonun eni yüz metre kadar. Genişliği on metre civarı.

Önlerinde, açık kapısından o mendebur aynanın gözüktüğü vagon duruyordu. Metro, istasyona sığmayacak kadar uzundu. Bir kılıcın keskinliğiyle uzanıyor ama yer yer vagonların ek yerleriyle bölünüyordu.

Hiçbir vagonda pencere olmadığı için metronun içi, içlerindekiler meçhuldü.

Sonrasında karolar zerrelerine ayrılarak yükseldi. Floresanın ışığında her yeri toza boğdular ve ortalığı gri bir sisin altına gömdüler. Çok kısa bir an. Afişleri dalgalandırmadılar. Dalgalandırmaya vakitleri olmadı. Yerlerinden söküp aldılar en fazla. Işık birkaç kere sönüp yanarak direndi. Son kez söndüğünde bir daha geri gelmedi.

Yine de etraf aydınlıktı. Kırmızı, her yere eşit dağılan soluk bir ışıkla.

Yer tamamen tele dönüşmüştü. Altında çapraz hatlarla desteklenmiş demir bir iskelet. Işık birkaç metreden daha fazla aşağıya uzanamıyordu. Sonsuzluğa giden bir uçurum.

Duvarın yerini aynı teller ve demir iskelet almıştı. Arkasında, birbirine vidalarla tutturulmuş demir plakalardan oluşan, üstünden geçen boruların ek yerlerinden bazen ince buharların çıktığı ve bir süre asılı kaldıktan sonra ağır, yağlı bir havayla sürüklendiği bir koridor.

Diğer tarafta paslanmış, pencerelerindeki camlar kırıldığı için demir plakalarla kapatılmış külüstür bir metro. Kapının karşısındaki aynadan her şey olduğu gibi yansıyordu.

---

Bir konteynırın içini andıran bir evde, gerçi gayet de birbirine eklenmiş konteynırlardan oluşan bir şehirde “andıran” demek doğru olmayacağı için düpedüz bir konteynırın içinde, masaya mum görüntüsü vermek için koyulmuş, yarı katı yağ atıklarından şekillendirilmiş kütleleri yakmayı deniyordu. Kafasında hayvan kıllarından yapılmış grili siyahlı bir peruk. Aynı kıllardan kendisine gür bir bıyık da yapmıştı.

Üstünde mavi çöp poşetlerinden yapılmış, kravatlı, şık bir takım.

Masanın ayakları yerine oradan buradan çıkmış parçalar konulmuştu: bir arabanın şaft mili, üst üste konulmuş ve üstünde yazı okunamayan tenekeler, boş kitaplar, boş gazete balyaları... Hiçbir şeye yazı yazılmıyordu, gerek yoktu da zaten çünkü merkez veri bankası onları fark ettirmeden, merceklerden giren veriyi sentezleyerek insanlar için dolduruyordu. Yani, androidler için. Farklı şekilde isimlendirmek bir fark yaratacaksa.

Onların mercekleri için değil. Bağlantıları çok önceden kopmuştu.

─ Hayatım, sofra hazır, diye bağırdı yatak odasındaki karısına.

Sofrada tabak yerine düz, bardak yerine bükülmüş, çatal ve bıçak yerine sivriltilmiş plakalar.

Karısı salonun kapısında durakladı ve ancak kulaklarına kadar uzanan, kocasınınkine benzeyen, cansız, ölü hayvanların kıllarından ibaret peruğunu eliyle düzeltti. Dudağını, daha doğrusu dudağının olması gereken yeri koyu kırmızı bir yağ tabakasıyla renklendirmeyi denemişti. Biraz da yanaklarına sürmüştü.

─ Nasıl olmuş, diye sordu.

Sesi tek düzeydi ama hafif bir neşe olduğunu hissettiğinize yemin edebilirdiniz.

Üzerinde, çöp poşetlerinin içini yazısız gazete kağıtlarıyla doldurarak yaptığı iki parça giysi.

─ Çok güzelsin, diyerek kravatını düzeltti kocası.

─ Sen de öylesin, sevgilim.

Yaklaşıp kocasını öptü. Kocası da onu. Sonra nazikçe elinden tutarak, sandalyesini geriye çekerek oturmasına yardım etti.

Sofrada yemek niyetine hiçbir şey yoktu. Gerek de yoktu zaten.

Konteynırın kapısı gürültüyle tekmelenip içeri iki memur girene kadar birbirlerine öyküler anlattılar. O gün neler yaptıklarını. İşten erken çıkıp yemyeşil çimenlerde gezdiklerini, uçurtma uçurduklarını, kadının nasıl o elbiseyi bulmak için saatlerce gezip yorulduğunu, kocasının kısa süreliğine işe dönüp nasıl başarılı bir hamleyle yaşanan krizi çözdüğünü ve kadının yanına döndükten sonra, alışveriş merkezinde oturdukları yeni dondurmacının dondurmalarının ne kadar lezzetli olduğunu, boğazlarının ağrımasından korktuklarını...

Akşam film izleyebilirlerdi, televizyonda -boş ve mat bir plaka- güzel bir film oynayacaktı.

İki memur. Çıplak bedenleriyle birbirinin aynı. Ellerindeki silahları onlara doğrultmuşlardı. Mum ışığında, tertemiz bir örtünün serili olduğu masada, bardaklarında şaraplarla oturan ve henüz sofranın ortasındaki hindiye dokunmamış çifti gördüklerinde bocaladılar.

Hiç de androidlere bilinçli olarak zarar verebilecek gibi gözükmüyorlardı.

─ Sessiz kalma hakkına sahipsiniz, diye bağırdı içeri giren ikinci memur. Söylediğiniz her şey...

Cümlesini bitiremedi. Yatak odasındaki, masanın üzerinden gördüğü o şey, onunla aynı hareketleri yapan android, yoksa, bir aynadaki yansıması mıydı?

Bütün illüzyon o anda dağılmaya başladı.

Not: Bu öykü ilk olarak 2020 yılında Esrarengiz Hikâyeler'de yayımlanmıştır.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Embarking on the journey of operating your own Lightning node on the Bitcoin Layer 2 network is more than just a tech-savvy endeavor; it's a step into a realm of financial autonomy and cutting-edge innovation. By running a node, you become a vital part of a revolutionary movement that's reshaping how we think about money and digital transactions. This role not only offers a unique perspective on blockchain technology but also places you at the heart of a community dedicated to decentralization and network resilience. Beyond the technicalities, it's about embracing a new era of digital finance, where you contribute directly to the network's security, efficiency, and growth, all while gaining personal satisfaction and potentially lucrative rewards.

In essence, running your own Lightning node is a powerful way to engage with the forefront of blockchain technology, assert financial independence, and contribute to a more decentralized and efficient Bitcoin network. It's an adventure that offers both personal and communal benefits, from gaining in-depth tech knowledge to earning a place in the evolving landscape of cryptocurrency.

Running your own Lightning node for the Bitcoin Layer 2 network can be an empowering and beneficial endeavor. Here are 10 reasons why you might consider taking on this task:

1. Direct Contribution to Decentralization: Operating a node is a direct action towards decentralizing the Bitcoin network, crucial for its security and resistance to control or censorship by any single entity.

2. Financial Autonomy: Owning a node gives you complete control over your financial transactions on the network, free from reliance on third-party services, which can be subject to fees, restrictions, or outages.

3. Advanced Network Participation: As a node operator, you're not just a passive participant but an active player in shaping the network, influencing its efficiency and scalability through direct involvement.

4. Potential for Higher Revenue: With strategic management and optimal channel funding, your node can become a preferred route for transactions, potentially increasing the routing fees you can earn.

5. Cutting-Edge Technological Engagement: Running a node puts you at the forefront of blockchain and bitcoin technology, offering insights into future developments and innovations.

6. Strengthened Network Security: Each new node adds to the robustness of the Bitcoin network, making it more resilient against attacks and failures, thus contributing to the overall security of the ecosystem.

7. Personalized Fee Structures: You have the flexibility to set your own fee policies, which can balance earning potential with the service you provide to the network.

8. Empowerment Through Knowledge: The process of setting up and managing a node provides deep learning opportunities, empowering you with knowledge that can be applied in various areas of blockchain and fintech.

9. Boosting Transaction Capacity: By running a node, you help to increase the overall capacity of the Lightning Network, enabling more transactions to be processed quickly and at lower costs.

10. Community Leadership and Reputation: As an active node operator, you gain recognition within the Bitcoin community, which can lead to collaborative opportunities and a position of thought leadership in the space.

These reasons demonstrate the impactful and transformative nature of running a Lightning node, appealing to those who are deeply invested in the principles of bitcoin and wish to actively shape its future. Jump aboard, and embrace the journey toward full independence. 🐶🐾🫡🚀🚀🚀

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Chef's notes

Serving these two dishes together will create a delightful centerpiece for your Thanksgiving meal, offering a perfect blend of traditional flavors with a homemade touch.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 - 2 hours
• 🍽️ Servings: 4-6

Ingredients

• 1 whole turkey (about 12-14 lbs), thawed and ready to cook
• 1 cup unsalted butter, softened
• 2 tablespoons fresh thyme, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh rosemary, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh sage, chopped
• Salt and freshly ground black pepper
• 1 onion, quartered
• 1 lemon, halved
• 2-3 cloves of garlic
• Apple and Sage Stuffing
• 1 loaf of crusty bread, cut into cubes
• 2 apples, cored and chopped
• 1 onion, diced
• 2 stalks celery, diced
• 3 cloves garlic, minced
• 1/4 cup fresh sage, chopped
• 1/2 cup unsalted butter
• 2 cups chicken broth
• Salt and pepper, to taste

Directions

1. Preheat the Oven: Set your oven to 325°F (165°C).
2. Prepare the Herb Butter: Mix the softened butter with the chopped thyme, rosemary, and sage. Season with salt and pepper.
3. Prepare the Turkey: Remove any giblets from the turkey and pat it dry. Loosen the skin and spread a generous amount of herb butter under and over the skin.
4. Add Aromatics: Inside the turkey cavity, place the quartered onion, lemon halves, and garlic cloves.
5. Roast: Place the turkey in a roasting pan. Tent with aluminum foil and roast. A general guideline is about 15 minutes per pound, or until the internal temperature reaches 165°F (74°C) at the thickest part of the thigh.
6. Rest and Serve: Let the turkey rest for at least 20 minutes before carving.
7. Next: Apple and Sage Stuffing
8. Dry the Bread: Spread the bread cubes on a baking sheet and let them dry overnight, or toast them in the oven.
9. Cook the Vegetables: In a large skillet, melt the butter and cook the onion, celery, and garlic until soft.
10. Combine Ingredients: Add the apples, sage, and bread cubes to the skillet. Stir in the chicken broth until the mixture is moist. Season with salt and pepper.
11. Bake: Transfer the stuffing to a baking dish and bake at 350°F (175°C) for about 30-40 minutes, until golden brown on top.

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

Содержание сюжета:

Вчера в Москве состоялась долгожданная премьера нового фильма известного режиссера Дмитрия Макракова «Все или ничего». Мероприятие прошло в одном из самых престижных кинотеатров столицы и собрало множество звезд отечественного кино, а также поклонников творчества режиссера.

«Все или ничего» — это драмеди, рассказывающая о сложных взаимоотношениях между друзьями, которые решают рискнуть всем ради исполнения своей мечты. Фильм затрагивает темы дружбы, предательства и поиска себя в современном мире. Главные роли исполнили популярные актеры, которые уже успели завоевать сердца зрителей.

Реакция зрителей. После просмотра зрители были в восторге от глубины сюжета и мастерства актерской игры. Многие отметили, что фильм заставляет задуматься о важности выбора и последствиях, которые он может иметь. В социальных сетях пользователи активно делятся своими впечатлениями, подчеркивая эмоциональную насыщенность картины.

На пресс-конференции после премьеры Дмитрий Макраков отметил, что создание этого фильма стало для него настоящим вызовом. «Я хотел показать, как иногда мы готовы рисковать всем ради своих мечтаний, но не всегда понимаем, к каким последствиям это может привести», — заявил он.

Премьера «Все или ничего» стала ярким событием в культурной жизни Москвы и уже привлекла внимание критиков и зрителей. Фильм обещает стать одним из главных кинопроектов сезона и, возможно, получит признание на международных фестивалях. Не упустите возможность увидеть эту увлекательную историю на большом экране!

Автор: Рината Ситникова

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Testing a brand new YakiHonne native client for iOS. Smooth as butter (not penis butter 🤣🍆🧈) with great visual experience and intuitive navigation. Amazing work by the team behind it! * lists * work

Bold text work!

Images could have used nostr.build instead of raw S3 from us-east-1 region.

Very impressive! You can even save the draft and continue later, before posting the long-form note!

🐶🐾🤯🤯🤯🫂💜

@ 8cd9d25d:69e9894d

Chef's notes

Note that youtube recipe is asking for 1tablespoon of salt, which is waaaaaay too much. Recipe works fine with a teaspoon,, but your mileage may vary. Play around with it.

You don't need to prove modern packet yeasts in my experience... just yolo it.

If you want an extra crispy crust, add a second baking pan to the base of the oven as you pre-heat. Then once you've placed the dough in, to the oven, take some boiling water and pour into the second baking tray. This gives you a steam oven on a budget :)

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 15min (not including time for dough rises)
• 🍳 Cook time: 30mins
• 🍽️ Servings: 4-5

Ingredients

• 500 grams wholemeal spelt flour
• 1 packet baker's yeast (10grams)
• 350 ml lukewarm water
• 350 ml lukewarm water
• 1 teaspoon salt 🧂

Directions

1. Preheat your oven to Preheat oven to 430°F and put a baking tray in at the same time to heat up.
2. Add all ingredients to a bowl (best to use a stand mixer to save time, but you can do by hand too. Mix and knead until the dough comes together. After about 5 mins you should have a moist dough that doesn't stick to your hands... if it is a bit sticky, just add a bit more flour (different flours like differenent amounts of water)... If too dry, add a bit more water... etc.
3. Remove dough from bowl & form into a ball (smooth on top, never mind if not perfectly smooth on its base). Put back in a bowl and cover with a damp cloth. Allow to rest for 30mins/1hr until dough has roughly doubled in size. Time will depend on the ambient temp where you are. In the tropics, 30mins is just fine.
4. Take risen dough out of bowl and put on a floured surface and press the gas out of it... flatten the dough with your hands, and then fold each edge in until you have a rectangle (video makes this bit clear). Then roll the rectangle up into a cylinder. This gives you a nice tight dough for baking. Pinch the ends of the cylinder to seal the dough.
5. Place dough onto a baking sheet/ piece of parchment paper etc... cover with damp towlel and let rise for 15/30mins
6. Score the risen dough (a razer blade, clean box cutter, or serrated knife works well) , this lets steam escape from the loaf as it bakes without slpititng it in ways you wouldn't like.
7. Take your hot baking tray out of the over and transfer your dough onto it. Put into oven.
8. Bake at 430°F (220°C) for 15mins, then reduce oven temp to 350°F (180°C) for the final 15mins. Total bake time 30mins.
9. Remove from oven and allow to cool for 20-30mins.

@ 72db3731:6c79f5a6

I have to imagine a water stream falling on a rock, even if sometimes there is drought on the river or some object are blocking the water stream, the rock will eventually break.

There is no perfection, aim for perfection, but know that it does not exist, there is no perfect routine, there is no perfect life.

But I'm aiming for a perfect life anyway.

Remember, your life will have countless imperfections and you'll make several errors.

But don't give up.

I haven't done much.

Started studying English in Duolingo, looking for a complete lesson for each language, minimum.

2024-11-22 23:00 NoFap, NoSoda, NoAlcohol and NoReels.

Installed leechblock extension, removed any reddit clients on the phone and removed instagram.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

As the title states, scratch behind my ear and you get it. 🐶🐾🫡

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Test Bounty Note

@ 5af07946:98fca8c4

US natives think $USD is a currency - for the rest of the world it is an asset . Just like #bitcoin.

The way Microstrategy accumulates bitcoin , all central banks collect US debt - a fancier word for US Dollar. As of April 2024, the five countries that hold the most US debt are:

• Japan: $1.1 trillion
• China: $749.0 billion
• United Kingdom: $690.2 billion
• Luxembourg: $373.5 billion
• Canada: $328.7 billion

Compare this global stake to 15 odd billions that #Microstrategy has in bitcoin. The way Microstrategy wants to protect bitcoin network , central banks want to protect #USD. Which means they all resist any change in capital structure. Not even bitcoin.

Thus the peaceful path for bitcoin is to become the reserve strategic asset for United States and thus for rest of the world. The other path is literally fighting governments worldwide ..

There is however one more opportunity - that is if people all around world adopt #SATs - which is why success of #nostr is so critical ! And other lightning apps - #LNCalendar , #StackerNews , #Fountain

In reality , both these things can happen simultaneously - that would be real freedom - Top down and Bottom up.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Intro

This short tutorial will help you set up your own Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) on your own LND Node that is not using Umbrel. If you are a user of Umbrel, you should use their version of NWC.

Requirements

You need to have a working installation of LND with established channels and connectivity to the internet. NWC in itself is fairly light and will not consume a lot of resources. You will also want to ensure that you have a working installation of Docker, since we will use a docker image to run NWC.

• Working installation of LND (and all of its required components)
• Docker (with Docker compose)

Installation

For the purpose of this tutorial, we will assume that you have your lnd/bitcoind running under user bitcoin with home directory /home/bitcoin. We will also assume that you already have a running installation of Docker (or docker.io).

Prepare and verify

git version - we will need git to get the latest version of NWC. docker version - should execute successfully and show the currently installed version of Docker. docker compose version - same as before, but the version will be different. ss -tupln | grep 10009- should produce the following output: tcp LISTEN 0 4096 0.0.0.0:10009 0.0.0.0: tcp LISTEN 0 4096 [::]:10009 [::]:**

For things to work correctly, your Docker should be version 20.10.0 or later. If you have an older version, consider installing a new one using instructions here: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/

Create folders & download NWC

In the home directory of your LND/bitcoind user, create a new folder, e.g., "nwc" mkdir /home/bitcoin/nwc. Change to that directory cd /home/bitcoin/nwc and clone the NWC repository: git clone https://github.com/getAlby/nostr-wallet-connect.git

Creating the Docker image

In this step, we will create a Docker image that you will use to run NWC.

• Change directory to nostr-wallet-connect: cd nostr-wallet-connect
• Run command to build Docker image: docker build -t nwc:$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M') -t nwc:latest . (there is a dot at the end)
• The last line of the output (after a few minutes) should look like => => naming to docker.io/library/nwc:latest
• nwc:latest is the name of the Docker image with a tag which you should note for use later.

Creating docker-compose.yml and necessary data directories

• Let's create a directory that will hold your non-volatile data (DB): mkdir data
• Indocker-compose.ymlfile, there are fields that you want to replace (<> comments) and port “4321” that you want to make sure is open (check with ss -tupln | grep 4321which should return nothing).
• Create docker-compose.ymlfile with the following content, and make sure to update fields that have <> comment:

version: "3.8" services: nwc: image: nwc:latest volumes: - ./data:/data - ~/.lnd:/lnd:ro ports: - "4321:8080" extra_hosts: - "localhost:host-gateway" environment: NOSTR_PRIVKEY: <use "openssl rand -hex 32" to generate a fresh key and place it inside ""> LN_BACKEND_TYPE: "LND" LND_ADDRESS: localhost:10009 LND_CERT_FILE: "/lnd/tls.cert" LND_MACAROON_FILE: "/lnd/data/chain/bitcoin/mainnet/admin.macaroon" DATABASE_URI: "/data/nostr-wallet-connect.db" COOKIE_SECRET: <use "openssl rand -hex 32" to generate fresh secret and place it inside ""> PORT: 8080 restart: always stop_grace_period: 1m

Starting and testing

Now that you have everything ready, it is time to start the container and test.

• While you are in the nwcdirectory (important), execute the following command and check the log output, docker compose up
• You should see container logs while it is starting, and it should not exit if everything went well.
• At this point, you should be able to go to http://<ip of the host where nwc is running>:4321 and get to the interface of NWC
• To stop the test run of NWC, simply press Ctrl-C , and it will shut the container down.
• To start NWC permanently, you should execute docker compose up -d , “-d” tells Docker to detach from the session.
• To check currently running NWC logs, execute docker compose logs to run it in tail mode add -f to the end.
• To stop the container, execute docker compose down

That's all, just follow the instructions in the web interface to get started.

Updating

As with any software, you should expect fixes and updates that you would need to perform periodically. You could automate this, but it falls outside of the scope of this tutorial. Since we already have all of the necessary configuration in place, the update execution is fairly simple.

• Change directory to the clone of the git repository, cd /home/bitcoin/nwc/nostr-wallet-connect
• Run command to build Docker image: docker build -t nwc:$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M') -t nwc:latest . (there is a dot at the end)
• Change directory back one level cd ..
• Restart (stop and start) the docker compose config docker compose down && docker compose up -d
• Done! Optionally you may want to check the logs: docker compose logs

@ 63d59db8:be170f6f

This ongoing series "Better Together" features surreal settings I have been creating by combining two different photographs that I've shot. I enjoy the challenge of creating something completely new out of two photos that otherwise have nothing to do with each other. There is no other editing or manipulation done to these images besides connecting them at one meeting line.

Visit Pat's website to see more

NOICE Magazine’s Visual Expression Awards are designed to spotlight creativity in photography, welcoming both emerging and seasoned artists. Each submission is now part of our dynamic prize pool, currently at $120 / 121,956 sats and growing with each new entry, with immediate exposure opportunities on our website and social channels.

Choose a Standard or Premium submission to suit your needs and have your work thoughtfully reviewed for form, originality, and impact. A quarterly cash prize from the dynamic pool goes to one standout entry, helping fund your next creative project. Deadline: December 31, 2024.

Submit your work here

@ 2dd9250b:6e928072

O Calvinismo, como Cosmovisão diverge do Conservadorismo Tradicionalista (postulado por Burke, Scruton, Jordan Peterson e outros). Isso tem se demonstrado de forma evidente hoje ao passo que quando se fala em Conservadorismo, os comentaristas mais lembrados são Olavo de Carvalho, Guilherme Freire e os Hosts do Brasil Paralelo.

Portanto, é inegável que escritores, apresentadores e donos de Canais ditos Conservadores, na verdade são Católicos Romanos falando para um público Católico Romano. E quando citam os "Protestantes", ninguém sabe ao certo, de quem eles estão falando. Uma vez que nós não somos meros Evangélicos, somos Reformados.

Historicamente, o grupo que mais se opôs aos Católicos Romanos foram os Calvinistas Puritanos no Século XVII. As Confissões Reformadas (de Westminster de 1647 e a de Londres de 1689) trazem um teor anti-papista na maioria de seus capítulos e artigos de fé.

Isso nos mostra que há um real conflito, ou uma disputa, concernente a quem pertence o termo "Conservador" no Brasil. Uma vez que, para um Católico Romano Tradicionalista, Evangélicos são Esquerdistas/Satanistas indo para o inferno junto com Lutero e Calvino e todo o estrago que o Progressismo vem fazendo no Mundo, tem sua causa na Secularização do Ocidente que se originou na Reforma de Lutero.

Em contrapartida, Evangélicos em geral, são mais amistosos, defendendo uma certa união com os Romanistas para frear o avanço de Pautas ideológicas/identitárias que vão de encontro aos costumes, valores, fé e tradição Cristãos. Mas a que preço? E mais importante: Essa união (ou apropriação do termo Conservador) com o Romanistas tem algum fundamento Bíblico?

Existem vários aspectos que podemos analisar para chegarmos a uma resposta satisfatória. Mas irei trazer aqui apenas um aspecto. O Casamento. É inegável para todo mundo que se diz Conservador, ou que está próximo disso, que o mundo pós - moderno tenta enfraquecer/ridicularizar o Homem e enaltecer/empoderar a Mulher (exemplo disso é uma noiva se negando a dizer “prometo ser submissa” em uma Cerimônia de Casamento, deixando o noivo e o padre desconcertados) . Mas é só analisarmos mais de perto a definição de casamento no Conservadorismo e o que ele representa, para entendemos que o Conservador (ou seja, Católico Romano) não parte do mesmo ponto de partida do Cristão Reformado para argumentar a favor do casamento tradicional.

Para nós Cristãos Reformados o Casamento é um Pacto. Nesse sentido, tem mais valor do que um mero acordo ou Contrato entre as partes porque é um símbolo. A Bíblia usa a ilustração de Cristo como Noivo e a igreja como noiva (Mt 25:1-13; Ef 5:32) por isso o marido assume a missão de 'proteger e cultivar’¹ sua esposa e a esposa se submete ao marido. Submissão na Bíblia significa se submeter a mesma missão. No caso, a mulher ajuda o marido nessa missão. Logo há uma parceria onde um complementa o outro, cada um na sua função (Efésios 5:25-31).

Além disso, O matrimônio foi ordenado para o mútuo auxílio de marido e mulher, para a propagação da raça humana por uma sucessão legítima e da Igreja por uma semente santa, e para impedir a impureza. (Gn. 2:18, e 9:1; Ml.2:15; I Co. 7:2,9). ²

Portanto , a compreensão Pactual Bíblica do casamento supera qualquer visão política/social Tradicionalista como o Conservadorismo.³

No Conservadorismo há apenas um clamor por preservação dos costumes judaico/cristãos fundamentais para civilização ocidental, mas como isso será feito, não é muito claro. Por isso o conservador brasileiro ganhou esse estereótipo de hipócrita. A favor do casamento tradicional, sendo que já está no 3°,4° casamento. Contra o Lobby gay , drogas, ideologia de gênero etc, mas a favor do aumento do Estado para frear essas pautas identitárias/progressistas ao invés de pregar, crendo que o Evangelho de Jesus transforma vidas. E vidas transformadas pelo Espírito Santo muda toda uma sociedade. Portanto, o Conservador zela pela preservação de costumes e virtudes, apenas exteriormente, levando em consideração conservar o Bem e frear o Mal, em favor de uma mudança gradual da sociedade.

Por isso eu não me considero Conservador (pelo menos não aos moldes do Conservadorismo Tradicionalista dos Papistas). Costumes e valores devem ser observados não por imposição de Leis Juspositivistas, endossando a interferência do Estado na vida privada dos cidadãos, mas pela manifestação do Poder do Evangelho na vida de pessoas regeneradas pelo Espírito Santo que, junto da Igreja Universal de Cristo, testemunham e agem conforme a Lei do Senhor.

1."Cultivar e Guardar" são duas palavras que resumem o mandamento de Deus para o Homem. No contexto de Gênesis 2:15, Deus ordenou a Adão proteger e cultivar tudo que estava no jardim do Edem, incluindo sua mulher, Eva.

2.CFW Cap.24. Artigo II.

3.Esse texto é totalmente de minha autoria e estava há um bom tempo querendo escrever sobre isso.

@ 97c70a44:ad98e322

This week I finally released Flotilla, a discord/slack-like client I've been working on for about three months. This project began as a NIP 29 client, and after 3 PRs, lots of discussion, a podcast, and a partial implementation, I decided to go my own way.

This of course means that I broke compatibility with all the NIP 29 group clients out there, but I did it for good reasons. In this post I hope to explain those reasons, and speculate on how best to move forward with "relay-based" groups on nostr.

To give you some quick context, NIP 29 and my approach to groups (which I'll dub "relays-as-groups" for clarity) are very similar, with a fundamental difference. Both have chat, join requests, group metadata, membership, moderation, etc. However, the basic unit of a NIP 29 group is a random group id string, while the basic unit of a Flotilla group is a relay itself.

I believe this design difference emerged in part because of what we were attempting to build. NIP 29 groups tend to be more telegram-like, where groups function more like chat rooms, and users join each one individually. On flotilla, groups function more like Discord servers, or Slack workspaces, and users join an entire group of chat rooms at once.

"Relays as groups" has four major advantages over "groups hosted by relays".

Decentralization

First, using relays as groups supports decentralization better than hosting user-managed groups on relays.

(To be clear here, I'm not referring to client-managed groups, which is a whole different approach that we've experimented with in the past, both with NIP 72 communities and with NIP 87 encrypted groups. Both NIP 29 and relays-as-groups solve many of the consistency problems associated with attempting to have a linear, synchronous conversation across multiple relays. While both alternatives have a story for migrating or mirroring a group, both rely heavily on the host relay to not censor user messages.)

I know what you're thinking. How can reducing the number of relays improve decentralization? Relays were originally introduced in order to create redundancy and spread trust across many actors, creating censorship resistance. This model was difficult for many bitcoiners to wrap their heads around, because it's a very different kind of decentralization than what a blockchain delivers.

Communities are an essentially different use case from a broadcast network where content is delivered based on author or recipient relay selections. Every message to a community would have to be delivered to all members of the community. Sending each message to all members' personal inbox relays just doesn't make sense; there has to be some other inbox for the community to work off of.

Additionally, online communities almost always have moderators and admins. This is even true of very public, open types of communities, like subreddits. The only type of community that doesn't have moderators is one that emerges naturally from social clustering. And even in that case there is loose consensus about who is in and who isn't, based on the actions/follows/mutes of the participants, whether these clusters are huge or tiny. Socially-emergent groups are served well by chat applications or broadcast networks.

But the subset of online communities that do prefer to confer moderator status on certain members are essentially centralized. In other words, centralization and control is a feature, not a bug.

Now, that doesn't mean there don't need to be considerations around credible exit and removing/adding moderators over time. But the fact is that moderator-led communities are always under the oversight of the moderators at any given time, even if the identity of those moderators changes and their power is limited.

What this implies is that decentralization for moderator-led groups looks very different from decentralization for a broadcast network. There is nothing at all wrong with giving moderators full control over the group's communications (qua the group; DMs and public broadcast content between group members should happen outside the group's infrastructure, just as people also exist outside the communities they are a part of). What is important is that no one has control over groups that they aren't nominally the admin of.

In concrete terms, what this all means is that community moderators should self-host their infrastructure. This is the same principle as motivates self-custody and home servers, but applied to communities. If community leaders manage their own relays, this means that no hosting company or relay admin can de-platform their community. Centralization of network infrastructure in this case aligns with the trust structure of the group.

Applying this to our group dilemma, it's easy to see that NIP 29 groups are more vulnerable to censorship or data harvesting attacks by malicious relay admins, since many unrelated groups might live on a single relay. In contrast, if you treat relays as groups themselves, every group is forced to live on a separate relay, spreading risk across more hosting providers.

Now, this doesn't necessarily mean that many "relays" aren't "virtual relays" managed by the same hosting provider. So I'll admit that even "relay-based" groups don't completely solve this problem. But I think it will tend to nudge community organizers toward thinking about community infrastructure in a more self-sovereign (or community-sovereign) way.

Investment in Relays

While both NIP 29 and relays-as-groups rely heavily on relays to implement the features that support each specification, there's an important difference between the feature sets. In NIP 29, relay support is specific only to groups, and isn't applicable to other use cases. In contrast, every protocol feature added to support the "relays as groups" can be re-purposed for other types of relays.

Take join requests for example. NIP 29's kind 9021 events allow users to request access to a group, and that's all. Kind 28934 join requests on the other hand allow users to request access to relays. Which in the relays-as-groups model means group access, but it also means custom feed access, inbox relay access, maybe even blossom server access. In fact, kind 28934 was originally proposed at the beginning of this year in order to support a different version of hosted groups, but remains as relevant as it ever was despite iteration on groups.

The orthogonality of features added to relays to any specific use case will long-term result in simpler specs, and more interesting relay-based use cases being possible. Join requests are only one example. The same is true of 1984-based moderation, the proposed LIMITS command, AUTH, NIP 11 relay metadata, etc.

We already have web of trust relays, feed relays, archival relays, and many more. Being able to request access to closed versions of these is useful. Being able to signal federation between multiple instances of these, run by different people, is useful. And of course, relay metadata, reports, and LIMITS are self-evidently useful for normal relays, since they pre-date Flotilla.

I've always said that relays are some of the coolest and most under-appreciated parts of nostr. This doesn't mean that we should add every possible feature to them, but features related to data curation and access control fit really well with what relays are good for. For more on the role of relays and what features should be added to them, see my nostrasia talk Functional Relays.

Declarative vs Imperative

A common paradigm in programming is that of declarative vs imperative programming. Imperative programming focuses on "how" to achieve a given result, leaving "what" the code is doing to be inferred by the programmer. Declarative programming instead focuses on the "what", and allows some underlying implementation to solve the how. A good balance between these paradigms (and knowing when to use one over the other) allows programmers to work faster, make fewer mistakes, and produce less code.

Another way to look at this is that a specification should contain as much ambiguity as possible, but without compromising the system attributes the specification is supposed to guarantee. It can get complex when figuring out what attributes are core to the specification, since sometimes the "how" does actually matter a lot.

However, nostr in particular falls pretty far along the "declarative" end of this spectrum because of its decentralized nature. The only person who can say anything with any authority is the person who signs an event. This event is a "declaration", and any effects it has are necessarily up to the relays, clients, and people interpreting the event. However, what others do with an event is an expectation that must be taken into account by the publisher, forming a feedback loop. This dialectic is what creates stability in the protocol.

In more concrete terms, no one can "tell" anyone else what they have to do by publishing an event like you might in a traditional, centralized RPC-type system. Any event whose semantics are a "command" rather than a "fact" or "request" is broken unless the counter party is fully committed to carrying out the command. An example of a "command" scenario on nostr is NIP 46 remote signing, in which the bunker is the agent of the user making the request. If the bunker implementation fails to carry out a valid command initiated by the user, its interpretation of that event is objectively incorrect.

NIP 29 applies this same paradigm to relays, particularly in the area of moderation, membership edits, and group metadata. In other words, there are several "commands" which instruct the relay to do something.

This isn't necessarily a bad thing, but it does increase the number of things the interface between the client and relay have to agree on. A regular relay may accept an add-user request, but then do nothing with it, violating the contract it has implicitly accepted with the user. The solution to this is feature detection, which is a whole other API to be specified and implemented.

My ideal solution to this problem is to shift the semantics of events away from "commands" to "facts" - in other words, to make the interface more declarative.

In fact, we already have an interface for moderation that works like this. Many clients support kind 1984 "report" events. Users sending these reports have no expectations about how they will be used. They are a "fact", a declaration of opinion with certain semantics. Other actors in the network may choose whether or not to pay attention to these.

This same model is easily applied to communities. Without having to implement any feature detection (either for the relay's implementation, or for the user's role on that relay), anyone can simply send a "report". This goes into the black hole of the relay, and may subsequently be ignored, broadcasted, or acted on.

The really nice thing about this model is that because there is no expectation for "how" reports are to be interpreted, any approach to moderation can be used depending on relay policy or client implementation. In NIP 29, if you issue a delete-event, it either happens or it doesn't and if it doesn't, you have to explain the failure to the user somehow.

In the relays-as-groups model, e-tagging an event in a kind 1984 requires no user feedback, and therefore it can be interpreted however the relay prefer. This can result in insta-banning, manual review, thresholds based on number of reporters, a leaky-bucket social score algorithm, shadow banning, temporary banning, soft-moderation by allowing clients to request reports and respond to them by changing user interface elements, or anything else you can think of.

The reason I think this is important is that community moderation is a very hard problem, and baking certain semantics into the specification can result in the complete failure of the spec. NIP 72 should be considered an example of what not to do. Some NIP 72 communities have survived due to the dedication of the moderators, but many more have failed because of the rigid moderation model. We should try not to make the same mistake again.

Conclusion

Now, having said all that, I think there is actually a lot of value to NIP 29. What finally clicked for me this week after releasing Flotilla is that the two approaches are actually complementary to one another. One of the most common feature requests I've already heard for flotilla is to have more complete support for rooms, which are currently implemented as not much more than hashtags. Better rooms (i.e., "nested groups") would require: authentication, membership, moderation, and pretty much everything else that exists for the top-level group.

As much as I believe the relays-as-groups approach is superior to NIP 29 for top-level groups, it doesn't make any sense to try to "nest" relays to create sub-groups. Something like NIP 29 is needed in order to fully support rooms anyway, so I think the convergence of the two approaches is all but inevitable. In fact, fiatjaf has already merged a PR which will allow me to use the same event kinds in flotilla as exist already in NIP 29 clients.

There are just a few more changes that are necessary in order for me to fully adopt NIP 29 in Flotilla:

• NIP 29 feature detection
• Opaque ids for unmanaged groups prevent unmanaged groups from having human-readable names
• We need a mechanism for building membership lists without relay support
• Better handling for 9021 group join requests

I've opened PRs for each of these (linked above). Hopefully we can work through these issues and combine our powers to become the Captain Planet of group implementations.

@ 65912a7a:5dc638bf

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 5 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 30 min
• 🍽️ Servings: 12

Ingredients

• 12-14oz fresh cranberries
• 1⅓ cup packed brown sugar
• 1 cup raisins
• 1 orange, peeled & chopped
• 1 cup water

Directions

1. Using medium sauce pan, simmer cranberries and water for 5-6 min. Cranberries will start to pop.
2. Add brown sugar, raisins, and chopped orange to the berries.
3. Bring to a simmer and continue to cook for 20 min. Stir often to prevent sticking. Remove from heat.
4. Let set until room temp. Mixture will thicken as it cools.
5. Put in a covered container and keep refrigerated. Lasts for about 2 weeks.

@ 319ad3e7:cc01d50a

Candied Pecans by Double00Satoshi

Details⏲️ Prep time: 10 🍳 Cook time: 45 🍽️ Servings: 16

Ingredients

• 1/4 cup light brown sugar
• 1/4 cup granulated sugar
• 1 tablespoon ground cinnamon
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 1 pound unsalted pecans halves
• 1 egg white
• 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 1 teaspoon water

Directions

Preheat oven to 300 degrees F. Line a large baking sheet with parchment paper and set aside. In a bowl, add sugars, cinnamon, and salt. Whisk until combined. Set aside. In a large bowl, whisk the egg white, vanilla, and water together until frothy. Add the pecans and gently toss until the pecans are well coated. Add the sugar and cinnamon mixture and toss until pecans are covered. Spread the pecans out in a single layer on prepared baking sheet. Bake for about 30-45 minutes, stirring every 15 minutes. Remove from the oven and let the pecans cool on the baking sheet. When completely cool, store in an airtight container for up to 1 month.

Deviled Eggs by Seth

Details ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min 🍳 Cook time: 15 min 🍽️ Servings: 6

Ingredients

• 6 hard boiled eggs, peeled
• 3 tablespoons of mayonnaise
• 1/2 teaspoon of soy sauce
• 1 teaspoon of Dijon mustard
• 1/2 stalk of celery, finely diced
• Salt and pepper

Directions

Cut eggs in half lengthwise and pop yolks out into bowl, mash with fork. Mix in mayonnaise, mustard, celery, soy sauce, salt and pepper. Whip until a creamy texture Scoop out fill and add to egg whites, heaping it slightly. Add garnish of choice Serve immediately or refrigerate before serving.

Bang Bang Shrimp by Hes ⚡️

Details ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min 🍳 Cook time: 20 min 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 1 pound shrimp
• 1 teaspoon granulated sugar
• ½ cup all-purpose flour
• ½ cup panko breadcrumbs
• 1 teaspoon salt
• ½ teaspoon black pepper
• ¼ teaspoon garlic powder
• ¼ teaspoon onion powder
• ¼ teaspoon dried basil
• 1 egg
• 1 cup milk
• 4 – 5 teaspoon chili garlic sauce
• 1 teaspoon rice vinegar
• ½ cup mayonnaise

Directions

Make the sauce: Mix mayonnaise, chili garlic sauce, sugar, and rice vinegar in a bowl. Refrigerate. Prepare for frying: a) Combine beaten egg and milk in one bowl. b) Mix flour, panko, and seasonings in another bowl. Bread the shrimp: a) Coat each shrimp in flour mixture. b) Dip in egg mixture. c) Coat again in flour mixture. d) Arrange on a plate and refrigerate for 20 minutes. Fry the shrimp: a) Heat oil to 350F in a dutch oven. b) Fry shrimp for 2-3 minutes until golden. c) Drain on wire rack or paper towels. Serve: a) Coat fried shrimp with ¼ cup sauce. b) Serve with remaining sauce on the side.

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To Find More Recipes, go to Zap.Cooking

@ 9bd01740:8dc39de3

**THE IMPORTANT OF GETTING AN ONLINE SKILLS

Getting an online skill is something most of the youth not just in Nigeria alone should adopt. Some of my reason include 1 Base on the economy situation 2 To compete globally 3 Job opportunity

Many people want to acquire the knowledge but don't know where to start from. To be able to do that you have to 1 make research 2 if you have the money purchase a course 3 get a mentor in the field that you are about to dive in

Online skill to acquire include 1 web development 2 Digital marketing 3 Blockchain 4 cyber security 5 Internet of things 6 AI/ML 7 DevOps 8 data analysis 9 data science 10 product management and so on

Tips to be on track while learning 1 build your portfolio 2 be consistent 3 don't quite 4 be updated

@ 319ad3e7:cc01d50a

Candied Pecans by Double00Satoshi

Details⏲️ Prep time: 10 🍳 Cook time: 45 🍽️ Servings: 16

Ingredients

1. 1/4 cup light brown sugar
2. 1/4 cup granulated sugar
3. 1 tablespoon ground cinnamon
4. 1 teaspoon salt
5. 1 pound unsalted pecans halves
6. 1 egg white
7. 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
8. 1 teaspoon water

Directions

• Preheat oven to 300 degrees F. Line a large baking sheet with parchment paper and set aside.
• In a bowl, add sugars, cinnamon, and salt. Whisk until combined. Set aside.
• In a large bowl, whisk the egg white, vanilla, and water together until frothy. Add the pecans and gently toss until the pecans are well coated. Add the sugar and cinnamon mixture and toss until pecans are covered.
• Spread the pecans out in a single layer on prepared baking sheet. Bake for about 30-45 minutes, stirring every 15 minutes.
• Remove from the oven and let the pecans cool on the baking sheet. When completely cool, store in an airtight container for up to 1 month.

https://zap.cooking/recipe/naddr1qq8xxctwv35k2epdwpjkxctwwvpzptythxcv6nvlhjf2ytg3exvnn70kmyw8u0kezmnjqjarddcz0zkvqvzqqqr4gu8q42lk

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Deviled Eggs by Seth

Details ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min 🍳 Cook time: 15 min 🍽️ Servings: 6

Ingredients

1. 6 hard boiled eggs, peeled
2. 3 tablespoons of mayonnaise
3. 1/2 teaspoon of soy sauce
4. 1 teaspoon of Dijon mustard
5. 1/2 stalk of celery, finely diced
6. Salt and pepper

Directions

• Cut eggs in half lengthwise and pop yolks out into bowl, mash with fork
• Mix in mayonnaise, mustard, celery, soy sauce, salt and pepper.
• Whip until a creamy texture
• Scoop out fill and add to egg whites, heaping it slightly
• Add garnish of choice Serve immediately or refrigerate before serving

https://zap.cooking/recipe/naddr1qqtk2em8vdjkcmr9de6z6er9we5kcety94jkwemnqgs2wguqtndxwfg3j8y8sm6d5k8hjlnfwavzxqf4fw5wjx7tqdpde8qrqsqqqa2838r4n9

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Bang Bang Shrimp by Hes ⚡️

Details ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min 🍳 Cook time: 20 min 🍽️ Servings: 4

Ingredients

• 1 pound shrimp
• 1 teaspoon granualted sugar
• ½ cup all-purpose flour
• ½ cup panko breadcrumbs
• 1 teaspoon salt
• ½ teaspoon black pepper
• ¼ teaspoon garlic powder
• ¼ teaspoon onion powder
• ¼ teaspoon dried basil
• 1 egg
• 1 cup milk
• 4 – 5 teaspoon chili garlic sauce
• 1 teaspoon rice vinegar
• ½ cup mayonnaise

Directions

Make the sauce: Mix mayonnaise, chili garlic sauce, sugar, and rice vinegar in a bowl. Refrigerate. Prepare for frying: a) Combine beaten egg and milk in one bowl. b) Mix flour, panko, and seasonings in another bowl. Bread the shrimp: a) Coat each shrimp in flour mixture. b) Dip in egg mixture. c) Coat again in flour mixture. d) Arrange on a plate and refrigerate for 20 minutes. Fry the shrimp: a) Heat oil to 350F in a dutch oven. b) Fry shrimp for 2-3 minutes until golden. c) Drain on wire rack or paper towels. Serve: a) Coat fried shrimp with ¼ cup sauce. b) Serve with remaining sauce on the side.

https://zap.cooking/recipe/naddr1qqgxyctwvukkyctwvukhx6rjd9khqq3qrjc54ve4sahunm7r0kpchg58eut7ttwvevst7m2fl8dfd9w4y33qxpqqqp65wg3yt3t

@ 6f14a106:75915122

Every now and then, a piece of tech comes along that makes you rethink what’s possible. Enter the Mac Mini M4 Pro. Apple’s smallest desktop has always been the quiet underdog of the lineup — humble, reliable, nothing to write home about. But this time? This time, Apple didn’t just update the Mac Mini; they supercharged it. And, spoiler alert, this little guy is kind of amazing.

Here’s why the Mac Mini M4 Pro is the most mind-blowing tech I’ve reviewed in ages.

Design: A Mini That’s Actually Tiny

First, let’s talk about size. The Mac Mini M4 Pro measures in at 12.7 cm x 12.7 cm with a height of 5 cm. That’s 20% smaller than its predecessor. It’s the kind of compact that makes you double-check your measurements, wondering how Apple managed to pack so much into such a tiny frame. It’s almost laughably small — imagine something barely bigger than an Apple TV but capable of powering high-res video editing and 3D modeling.

And yes, Apple kept that minimalist, brushed-aluminum aesthetic we all love. It’s light, it’s sleek, and it’s just understated enough to blend into any setup. But let’s not skip over the quirky part: the power button is on the bottom. Why, Apple? It’s like they needed one head-scratcher per product, and here it is. Sure, you’ll remember it’s there the first few times you set up, and then it’ll fade into that “it’s quirky but fine” category.

Ports: Thoughtful but Not Perfect

One of the best surprises with the M4 Pro is the port selection. Finally, Apple gave us two USB-C Thunderbolt 5 ports and a 3.5 mm headphone jack on the front, so you can plug in drives or headphones without fumbling behind the device. The back has three more Thunderbolt 5 ports, an HDMI port, and Gigabit Ethernet.

But before you start clapping, note that there’s still no USB-A or SD card slot. If you’re a photographer or someone who still works with older peripherals, you’ll need adapters. It’s not a dealbreaker, but it’s definitely something to keep in mind.

The M4 Pro Chip: More Than Just Numbers

Now, let’s get to what really matters: performance. The M4 Pro chip is where this Mac Mini flexes hard. With a 12-core CPU and a 20-core GPU, you’re looking at serious power — enough for 8K video editing, 3D rendering, and heavy multitasking. We’re talking about a 15% boost in multi-core performance and a 20% leap in graphics compared to the M2 Pro.

Need proof? The Geekbench 6 scores are wild: 4028 single-core and 23307 multi-core. These numbers put the Mac Mini M4 Pro in the same league as some Mac Studios, making you wonder if a Mac Studio is even necessary for many workflows. From editing high-res footage to running AI-driven tasks, this thing doesn’t just keep up; it leads.

Real-World Performance: A Day in the Life

So, what does that mean for day-to-day use? If you’re like me and your workflow involves jumping between editing software, a dozen Chrome tabs (don’t judge), and video calls, the M4 Pro handles it all like it’s no big deal. No lag, no stutter — just seamless multitasking.

The cooling system has been redesigned, too. Even under a full workload, the Mac Mini stays whisper-quiet. Gone are the days of fans whirring like jet engines when you’re rendering a video or running intensive apps. This thing just is, silently powering through tasks while you forget it’s even there.

Memory and Storage: Options Galore

One thing that caught my eye is how much memory and storage you can pack into this tiny beast. The M4 Pro starts with 24 GB of unified memory and can go up to 64 GB. Memory bandwidth is 273 GB/s, which means multitasking with heavy apps feels like second nature. Whether you’re editing 4K videos, working on large Photoshop files, or running development environments, the M4 Pro won’t break a sweat.

Storage-wise, the base model comes with 512 GB SSD, but you can upgrade to 8 TB if you’re working with massive projects or just don’t trust cloud storage. And speaking of storage speeds, this SSD is fast — reading speeds over 5000 MB/s, so you’re not sitting around waiting for files to load.

Display Support: A Game Changer for Creatives

If you work with multiple monitors, you’re going to love this. The M4 Pro supports up to two 6K displays at 60Hz or a single 8K display via HDMI. For video editors and graphic designers, this means more screen real estate to spread out timelines, edit layers, or run detailed previews — all without any lag.

A Few Drawbacks You Should Know About

Okay, not everything’s perfect, and you deserve to know the quirks before dropping your cash. First off, that power button placement on the bottom? It’s a design decision that’ll make you shake your head every time you reach for it. And while the port selection is mostly great, the lack of USB-A and SD card slot might mean carrying around more adapters.

Apple’s pricing ladder is another thing to keep an eye on. The base M4 Mac Mini at $599 is a steal, but once you start upgrading RAM and storage on the M4 Pro, you’re suddenly flirting with Mac Studio prices. It’s something to think about if you’re budget-conscious.

Who Is the Mac Mini M4 Pro For?

This is the question, right? If you’re a video editor, developer, or content creator who needs serious power without the bulk of a Mac Studio or the price tag of a Mac Pro, the M4 Pro is your sweet spot. It’s portable, powerful, and packs enough punch to handle demanding tasks without compromise.

If you’re more of a casual user — streaming, web browsing, and light productivity — the base M4 model will more than cover your needs and won’t make your wallet cry. But if you’re even considering heavy multitasking or creative work, the M4 Pro at $1,399 is worth the investment.

Why the Mac Mini M4 Pro Deserves Your Attention

The Mac Mini M4 Pro isn’t just another update — it’s a statement. Apple took what was already a beloved, compact powerhouse and turned it into something that feels almost futuristic. It’s small enough to forget about, powerful enough to replace much bigger machines, and versatile enough to fit into any setup, from home offices to professional studios.

Yes, it has its quirks (hello, power button), but they’re minor in the grand scheme of things. If you’re on the fence, let this be the push you need. The Mac Mini M4 Pro isn’t just one of the best products in Apple’s current lineup — it’s a reminder that sometimes, big things do come in small packages.

@ 319ad3e7:cc01d50a

NOSTR HOLIDAY GIFT IDEAS (please share or add someone you know)

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If you are a content manager or regularly browse social media, you might have seen comments resembling this format:

"Thanks for sharing such valuable information! A bit off-topic, but I wanted to ask: My OKX wallet holds some USDT, and I have the seed phrase ([seed phrase here]). What's the best way to send them to Binance?"

This type of message is not a cry for help—it’s a carefully crafted trap. To avoid becoming a victim, always remember the golden rule: there is no free lunch.

How Does the Scam Work? At first glance, it seems puzzling—why would someone willingly post their wallet’s seed phrase, a crucial key to their funds? Isn’t sharing it the ultimate taboo in cryptocurrency security? The truth is that these scammers are banking on your greed and lack of caution. Here’s how the scam unfolds:

The Setup: The comment implies that there is free money (e.g., 500 USDT) sitting in the scammer's wallet, which they are too inexperienced or unable to transfer themselves. The seed phrase gives you access to this wallet, tempting you to retrieve the funds.

The Gas Fee Trap: Transferring tokens, such as USDT, from one wallet to another requires gas fees, which must be paid in the cryptocurrency native to the token's network. For example: • Ethereum network: Gas fees are paid in ETH. • Tron network: Gas fees are paid in TRX. • Solana network: Gas fees are paid in SOL. The scammer’s wallet conveniently lacks the required cryptocurrency to pay these gas fees. They rely on you to fund the wallet with the necessary tokens to complete the transfer.

The Sting: Thinking you’re about to "unlock" the 500 USDT in their wallet, you transfer a small amount of cryptocurrency (e.g., $10 worth of TRX) to cover the gas fees. However, the wallet is controlled by an automated bot (though it doesn’t have to be). As soon as your transaction is received, the bot instantly sweeps the funds to another wallet—one that you have no access to.

The Loss: You lose the cryptocurrency you transferred for the gas fee. While the individual amount might seem small, if enough people fall for the scam, the fraudsters rake in significant profits.

Why This Works This scam exploits basic human psychology: • Greed: The promise of free money clouds judgment. • Urgency: The fear that someone else will claim the "free funds" first pressures victims to act quickly. • Lack of knowledge: Not everyone understands gas fees or how wallets and seed phrases work.

Red Flags to Watch Out For • Public Seed Phrases: Legitimate users never share their seed phrases publicly. Anyone who does is either lying or completely reckless (and likely a scammer). • “Too Good to Be True” Offers: Free money claims are almost always scams, especially in the cryptocurrency world. • Urgency and Scarcity Tactics: Messages designed to make you act without thinking are a classic scam strategy.

What You Should Do • Ignore and Delete: If such a comment appears under your YouTube video or social media post, don’t engage. Delete the comment immediately to protect others. • Educate Your Audience: Warn your followers about this type of scam so they can recognize it and stay safe. • Stay Skeptical: Never rush into any deal involving cryptocurrency, especially one promising free money.

The Takeaway Cryptocurrency scams like this rely on greed, ignorance, and urgency. By understanding how they operate, you can protect yourself and others. Always remember: if it seems too good to be true, it probably is.

@ 705605d9:b4324038

В 2040 году Горноправдинск, малый город в Сибири, стал центром мирового молочного производства, после открытия крупнейшего в мире молочного комбината. Этот промышленный гигант, с мощностью переработки в десятки миллионов тонн молока в год, обещает не только революцию в отечественном производстве, но и серьезно повлиять на глобальные рынки сельскохозяйственной продукции, в том числе на рынок сливочного масла. Ожидается, что новый комбинат окажет значительное влияние на внешнюю торговлю и положение России на мировом рынке продовольствия.

Экономический контекст

Сливочное масло – один из важнейших продуктов молочной промышленности, который активно экспортируется в страны Азии, Европы и Северной Америки. Российские производители в последние десятилетия стремительно наращивали свои мощности, и открытие такого крупного объекта, как молочный комбинат в Горноправдинске, может стать катализатором для страны, чтобы стать ведущим игроком на этом рынке. Россия, в свою очередь, может занять более прочные позиции в торговле сливочным маслом за рубежом, конкурируя с такими крупнейшими экспортерами, как Новая Зеландия, Германия и Польша.

Молочный комбинат в Горноправдинске: изменения в структуре производства

Ожидаемое увеличение объемов производства сливочного масла с запуском нового молочного комбината в Горноправдинске связано с несколькими ключевыми факторами, которые делают данный проект особенно перспективным:

1. Современные технологии. Комбинат будет оснащен высокотехнологичным оборудованием для переработки молока, что повысит эффективность и качество продукции. Это дает России значительное преимущество на международных рынках, где высокие стандарты качества становятся важнейшим фактором для потребителей.

2. Просторные мощности. Новый комбинат, способный перерабатывать десятки миллионов тонн молока ежегодно, обеспечит не только внутреннее потребление, но и масштабные экспортные поставки. Это откроет новые рынки для российского сливочного масла, особенно в странах с растущим потреблением молочных продуктов, таких как Китай, Индия и страны Юго-Восточной Азии.

3. Экономия на масштабе. Масштабность производства позволяет снизить себестоимость продукции, что дает конкурентные преимущества на мировом рынке. Снижение цен на сливочное масло, особенно в условиях высокой конкуренции, станет важным фактором при выходе на зарубежные рынки.

Влияние на внешнюю торговлю и конкуренцию

Российский рынок сливочного масла исторически был ориентирован на внутреннее потребление, однако с развитием новых мощностей в Горноправдинске, страна может значительно увеличить объемы экспорта. Ведущими потребителями молочной продукции традиционно являются такие страны, как Германия, Великобритания, США, а также активно развивающиеся рынки Китая и Индии.

• Китай – крупнейший рынок для молочных продуктов, включая сливочное масло. Рост доходов китайских потребителей и увеличение спроса на качественные молочные продукты открывают огромные возможности для российских производителей. С учетом высокого уровня конкуренции со стороны новозеландских и австралийских производителей, российские компании могут выделиться за счет ценовой доступности и качества продукции.

• Европейский Союз – несмотря на высокие стандарты качества, рынок Европы остается важным для торговли сливочным маслом. Ожидается, что российские компании смогут расширить свою долю в Европе, конкурируя с польскими и немецкими производителями, предлагая более выгодные цены при неизменно высоком качестве продукции.

• Северная Америка – рынки США и Канады всегда были важными для молочной продукции, однако они также обладают сложной системой тарифов и квот. Россия, обладая крупными мощностями, может предложить экспорт сливочного масла с конкурентоспособными условиями, если смогут преодолеть бюрократические препятствия. Проблемы и вызовы

Несмотря на перспективы, российский экспорт сливочного масла столкнется с рядом вызовов. Одним из них является необходимость соответствия международным стандартам безопасности и качества, что потребует дополнительных инвестиций и контроля на всех этапах производства. Также стоит учитывать влияние мировых экономических факторов, таких как колебания валютных курсов, изменения в торговых отношениях и возможные торговые барьеры.

Кроме того, конкуренция со стороны традиционных поставщиков – таких стран, как Новая Зеландия и Австралия, будет оставаться высокоактуальной. Для того чтобы закрепиться на этих рынках, российским производителям предстоит работать над созданием имиджа качественного, но доступного продукта.

Заключение

Открытие крупнейшего молочного комбината в Горноправдинске – это не просто важный шаг для отечественной молочной промышленности, но и стратегический момент для глобальной торговли сливочным маслом. Россия получает уникальную возможность занять сильные позиции на международных рынках, предоставляя потребителям качественное и доступное сливочное масло. Однако для достижения долгосрочного успеха необходимы устойчивые усилия по улучшению качества продукции, соблюдению международных стандартов и борьбе с внешними экономическими вызовами.

@ 31312140:2471509b

What is Virology? \ \ Virology is the branch of science that deals with the study of viruses. Officially, it focuses on understanding how viruses operate, how they spread diseases, and how we can combat them. 🌐🔬 \ \ The Historical Context

Historically, the concept of viruses emerged as an explanation for diseases that couldn't be linked to bacteria. The early 20th century brought about major developments in this field, leading us to where we are today with an industry worth billions.

But here’s the kicker: many fundamental assumptions in virology remain unproven or underexplored. \ \ The Unproven Hypothesis \ \ Isolation Methods: In virology, "virus isolation" doesn’t mean what you think it means. Virus isolation often involves mixing samples with toxic chemicals and other cells, then observing the effects. The presence of a virus is inferred, not directly observed. 🚫🔍

Control Experiments: Proper scientific controls, where samples without believed viruses are treated the same way, often aren’t conducted or published in ways making them verifiable. 🧪❓

Electron Microscopy: While electron microscopes can visualize particles, interpretations are problematic. Similar structures (exosomes) naturally exist in the body and can be mistaken for viruses. 🕵️🔬 \ \ The Controversial Points \ \ PCR Testing: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests, widely used to detect viruses, can’t distinguish between live viruses and non-infectious viral fragments. It's an amplification technique, not a diagnostic tool. Famed inventor Kary Mullis himself cautioned against its misuse. ⚠️🔍

Genetic Sequencing: Viral genomes are often generated from computer models using fragmented genetic material from patient samples. This model can lead to inaccuracies and assumptions about the virus that aren’t directly observed. 🧬💻

Pathogenicity Proofs: No study unequivocally proves viruses alone cause diseases. Historical attempts, like those from the Spanish Flu era, failed to infect healthy individuals with presumed virus samples. \ \ Big Pharma Implications \ \ Big Pharma has a vested interest in propagating the viral causation theory:

Vaccines: Billions are made from vaccine sales. If virus causation is questioned, the foundation for vaccines crumbles.

Antivirals: Similarly, antiviral drugs rely on this belief. Without it, a major revenue stream is invalidated.

Pharmaceutical companies and regulatory bodies rarely challenge the status quo, leading to a cycle where treatments are promoted despite conflicting evidence. 💊💸 \ \ The Alternative Hypothesis \ \ Exosomes vs. Viruses: Exosomes, extracellular vesicles within our bodies, serve as cellular communication tools. They’re released under stress, similar to what we call “viruses.” Are our bodies creating what we interpret as “viruses” to heal or signal distress? 🧩🔍

Terrain Theory: This theory suggests that the body's internal environment, not an external pathogen, determines health. A healthy body repels illness, while a toxic internal environment invites disease. Terrain theorists argue we should focus on optimizing internal health rather than targeting external “invaders.” 🌱💚 \ \ Question Everything \ \ This exploration isn’t to say viruses categorically don’t exist but to highlight the holes and biases in mainstream virology. It’s about opening the conversation and asking critical, often uncomfortable questions.

If we reconsider virology’s foundational assumptions, what implications could this have for global health policies, pharmaceutical practices, and our understanding of diseases? The answers could reshape how we approach wellness and medical science entirely.

Remember, folks, the truth often lies beneath layers of accepted truths. Dive deeper, question more, and never settle for the surface narrative. 🚀🕵️‍♂️ \ \

lookintoit #virology #health #scam #covid19 #philosophy #wisdom #freedom #psychology #nature #science

@ ef9ee5bf:3fe39164

Salvation in a Digital World

The drama of redemption unfolds as a cosmic narrative that transcends traditional spiritual salvation, extending into the digital realms where humanity now finds itself entangled. In this emerging reality, salvation is not solely a matter of freeing the soul from sin but of liberating the mind and body from technological control systems that seek to restrict human potential. As society becomes increasingly digital, the boundaries between spiritual and digital salvation blur. The digital realm has become a new battleground for the soul, with tools of surveillance, artificial intelligence, and centralized digital systems acting as the forces that shape reality. This battleground is not neutral; it is a contested space where unseen powers influence human behavior and thought, subtly steering individuals toward compliance and conformity. Surveillance, in particular, looms as a formidable obstacle, exerting a subtle yet profound pressure that limits the capacity for genuine spiritual freedom. It not only monitors but manipulates, narrowing the range of choices and thereby inhibiting the exercise of free will—a crucial component for true salvation. As we venture deeper into this cyber age, the challenge becomes clear: to seek liberation not only from sin but from the digital systems that seek to define what it means to be free.

Free Will as Essential to Salvation

Free will stands at the heart of spiritual salvation. It is through the exercise of free will that individuals can seek, discern, and align themselves with divine truth. Spiritual growth depends on the ability to make genuine, uncoerced choices—decisions that reflect the soul’s personal quest for enlightenment rather than external pressures. Without free will, salvation becomes merely a theoretical possibility, void of personal transformation or meaningful alignment with higher principles. In this sense, free will is not just a means of self-expression but the very mechanism through which spiritual freedom is realized. It allows individuals to break away from sin, illusion, or ignorance and move toward truth, virtue, and divine love.

However, the omnipresence of surveillance in the digital age poses a direct threat to this spiritual dynamic. Surveillance does not merely observe—it influences. By monitoring behavior, it subtly pressures individuals to conform to societal norms, limit risks, and act in ways that are predictable and safe. The awareness of being constantly watched reshapes behavior, creating an environment where compliance is rewarded, and deviation is penalized, even if only through social ostracism or self-censorship. This dynamic distorts free will, as the range of decisions becomes heavily influenced by external expectations. Instead of making decisions rooted in personal spiritual exploration, individuals may find themselves choosing paths that align more with societal acceptance than with inner convictions.

The theological implications of this are significant. If salvation requires a truly free, uncoerced movement of the soul toward the divine, then pervasive surveillance becomes an obstacle to that process. It restricts the capacity for genuinely transformative decisions, replacing spiritual authenticity with digital conformity. Surveillance enforces a state of psychological limitation that mirrors the "singular collapsed state" seen in quantum physics—where the observation itself defines and limits potential. In this context, the battle for salvation is not only against spiritual ignorance or sin but also against the digital systems that restrict the exercise of free will, reducing the potential for spiritual growth to a controlled set of predictable behaviors.

### Introducing Quantum Concepts: Wave Functions and Surveillance

In quantum mechanics, the wave function is a mathematical representation of a particle’s potential states. It encompasses all the possible positions, velocities, and paths that a particle might take. However, this range of possibilities exists only until the moment of observation—once a measurement is made, the wave function "collapses," reducing the particle to a single, definite state. This phenomenon, known as the observer effect, has profound implications, not only in physics but also as a metaphor for human potential. In a state of openness, individuals—like unobserved particles—possess a wide array of possible thoughts, actions, and spiritual expressions. They can explore various paths to enlightenment, pursue unconventional ideas, and exercise creativity without the constraints of external judgment.

However, surveillance functions much like the observer in quantum mechanics. Just as the act of measurement collapses the wave function into a singular outcome, constant surveillance collapses human potential into a narrower, more controlled set of behaviors. The awareness of being observed exerts a powerful psychological influence, prompting individuals to make safer, more predictable choices. Instead of exploring diverse spiritual or personal possibilities, individuals adapt to the expectations imposed by the ever-present digital gaze. The result is a diminished range of action, where genuine self-expression gives way to compliance and predictability—what can be termed the "singular collapsed state."

This singular collapsed state represents a profound loss of spiritual potential. When human behavior is constantly shaped by surveillance, it becomes more constrained, less creative, and ultimately less free. The open potential for spiritual growth, transformation, and connection to divine truth is replaced by a narrowed reality defined by conformity and safety. Just as quantum observation restricts the wave function to a single outcome, surveillance restricts individuals to a limited set of socially acceptable behaviors, inhibiting the soul’s journey toward deeper truth and spiritual liberation. This dynamic suggests that overcoming surveillance is not merely a matter of privacy or freedom of expression—it is essential for maintaining the open potential necessary for spiritual salvation itself.

Breaking Free from Surveillance

To escape the confines of the surveillance matrix and reclaim human potential, embracing decentralized technologies is essential. Decentralized systems like Bitcoin and open-source protocols offer a tangible means of resisting centralized control and pervasive observation. Unlike centralized digital systems that collect and exploit data to manipulate behavior, decentralized technologies enable an *open potential state* where individuals can act freely, without fear of surveillance-induced consequences. They preserve privacy, protect free will, and create opportunities for genuine personal and spiritual growth. This decentralization aligns with divine principles of freedom, spontaneity, and diversity, reflecting the open and unpredictable nature of the universe itself. By choosing decentralized solutions, individuals can restore a more authentic connection to both digital and spiritual realms.

This shift is not purely technical; it’s deeply spiritual. Just as spiritual awakening requires a release from the bondage of sin and ignorance, digital liberation demands a conscious move away from surveillance-driven systems. Breaking free involves more than just switching technologies; it requires a transformation of mindset—one that recognizes surveillance as a spiritual and existential threat. It calls for the cultivation of awareness, discernment, and a willingness to embrace both technological sovereignty and spiritual autonomy. True salvation, in the context of a Cyber Gospel, is a holistic journey that requires overcoming both physical and digital chains. It is the fusion of spiritual liberation with the adoption of decentralized tools that enable true freedom in a digital world.

Ultimately, a Cyber Gospel serves as a guide for navigating this complex spiritual-digital landscape. It invites readers to explore how decentralized technologies can facilitate a digital exodus, moving humanity from a singular collapsed state to an open potential state where free will and spiritual growth can flourish. This path forward is both a call to action and a call to awakening. It urges readers to actively participate in building a future where technology serves as a bridge to liberation rather than a tool of control. As the lines between spiritual and digital realities blur, embracing this new form of salvation becomes not only possible but necessary for the soul’s journey toward wholeness and freedom.

### The Battle for the Soul in the Digital Age

The digital age is not just a technological revolution; it is a spiritual battleground where the soul's potential is tested by the forces of surveillance and control. In this new landscape, salvation must be reimagined as both spiritual and digital—a quest that demands free will, genuine choices, and the preservation of human potential against a backdrop of pervasive observation. Throughout this discussion, we have explored the nature of digital salvation, the essential role of free will, and how surveillance acts as a force that collapses human potential into a singular, predictable state. We have drawn parallels between quantum mechanics and human behavior, illustrating how surveillance, like the observer effect, restricts possibilities and narrows the range of spiritual and existential outcomes.

Yet, there is a path forward. Decentralized technologies offer a chance to resist this collapse and restore an open potential state, allowing for personal and spiritual growth in an age where control mechanisms seek to limit both. This liberation is not just about escaping technological constraints; it is about reclaiming the divine spark of free will, which is essential for true awakening. As we move deeper into this digital era, the challenge is clear: salvation must involve breaking free from the dual chains of spiritual ignorance and digital manipulation.

A Cyber Gospel can serve as a guide for navigating this complex terrain, calling for both spiritual and digital awakening. It asks seekers to reflect deeply on the nature of their freedom and the forces that shape it. The final question remains: *Can the soul be truly free in a world of constant surveillance, or must it find a way to escape to achieve salvation?* This question is not just philosophical but practical, urging users to consider how they can actively participate in the creation of a more liberated reality—both spiritually and digitally. The battle for the soul in the digital age is not just about avoiding surveillance; it is about embracing a deeper, more transformative form of freedom that aligns with both divine principles and technological sovereignty.Salvation in a Digital World

The drama of redemption unfolds as a cosmic narrative that transcends traditional spiritual salvation, extending into the digital realms where humanity now finds itself entangled. In this emerging reality, salvation is not solely a matter of freeing the soul from sin but of liberating the mind and body from technological control systems that seek to restrict human potential. As society becomes increasingly digital, the boundaries between spiritual and digital salvation blur. The digital realm has become a new battleground for the soul, with tools of surveillance, artificial intelligence, and centralized digital systems acting as the forces that shape reality. This battleground is not neutral; it is a contested space where unseen powers influence human behavior and thought, subtly steering individuals toward compliance and conformity. Surveillance, in particular, looms as a formidable obstacle, exerting a subtle yet profound pressure that limits the capacity for genuine spiritual freedom. It not only monitors but manipulates, narrowing the range of choices and thereby inhibiting the exercise of free will—a crucial component for true salvation. As we venture deeper into this cyber age, the challenge becomes clear: to seek liberation not only from sin but from the digital systems that seek to define what it means to be free. Free Will as Essential to Salvation

Free will stands at the heart of spiritual salvation. It is through the exercise of free will that individuals can seek, discern, and align themselves with divine truth. Spiritual growth depends on the ability to make genuine, uncoerced choices—decisions that reflect the soul’s personal quest for enlightenment rather than external pressures. Without free will, salvation becomes merely a theoretical possibility, void of personal transformation or meaningful alignment with higher principles. In this sense, free will is not just a means of self-expression but the very mechanism through which spiritual freedom is realized. It allows individuals to break away from sin, illusion, or ignorance and move toward truth, virtue, and divine love.

However, the omnipresence of surveillance in the digital age poses a direct threat to this spiritual dynamic. Surveillance does not merely observe—it influences. By monitoring behavior, it subtly pressures individuals to conform to societal norms, limit risks, and act in ways that are predictable and safe. The awareness of being constantly watched reshapes behavior, creating an environment where compliance is rewarded, and deviation is penalized, even if only through social ostracism or self-censorship. This dynamic distorts free will, as the range of decisions becomes heavily influenced by external expectations. Instead of making decisions rooted in personal spiritual exploration, individuals may find themselves choosing paths that align more with societal acceptance than with inner convictions.

The theological implications of this are significant. If salvation requires a truly free, uncoerced movement of the soul toward the divine, then pervasive surveillance becomes an obstacle to that process. It restricts the capacity for genuinely transformative decisions, replacing spiritual authenticity with digital conformity. Surveillance enforces a state of psychological limitation that mirrors the "singular collapsed state" seen in quantum physics—where the observation itself defines and limits potential. In this context, the battle for salvation is not only against spiritual ignorance or sin but also against the digital systems that restrict the exercise of free will, reducing the potential for spiritual growth to a controlled set of predictable behaviors. Introducing Quantum Concepts: Wave Functions and Surveillance

In quantum mechanics, the wave function is a mathematical representation of a particle’s potential states. It encompasses all the possible positions, velocities, and paths that a particle might take. However, this range of possibilities exists only until the moment of observation—once a measurement is made, the wave function "collapses," reducing the particle to a single, definite state. This phenomenon, known as the observer effect, has profound implications, not only in physics but also as a metaphor for human potential. In a state of openness, individuals—like unobserved particles—possess a wide array of possible thoughts, actions, and spiritual expressions. They can explore various paths to enlightenment, pursue unconventional ideas, and exercise creativity without the constraints of external judgment.

However, surveillance functions much like the observer in quantum mechanics. Just as the act of measurement collapses the wave function into a singular outcome, constant surveillance collapses human potential into a narrower, more controlled set of behaviors. The awareness of being observed exerts a powerful psychological influence, prompting individuals to make safer, more predictable choices. Instead of exploring diverse spiritual or personal possibilities, individuals adapt to the expectations imposed by the ever-present digital gaze. The result is a diminished range of action, where genuine self-expression gives way to compliance and predictability—what can be termed the "singular collapsed state."

This singular collapsed state represents a profound loss of spiritual potential. When human behavior is constantly shaped by surveillance, it becomes more constrained, less creative, and ultimately less free. The open potential for spiritual growth, transformation, and connection to divine truth is replaced by a narrowed reality defined by conformity and safety. Just as quantum observation restricts the wave function to a single outcome, surveillance restricts individuals to a limited set of socially acceptable behaviors, inhibiting the soul’s journey toward deeper truth and spiritual liberation. This dynamic suggests that overcoming surveillance is not merely a matter of privacy or freedom of expression—it is essential for maintaining the open potential necessary for spiritual salvation itself. Breaking Free from Surveillance

To escape the confines of the surveillance matrix and reclaim human potential, embracing decentralized technologies is essential. Decentralized systems like Bitcoin and open-source protocols offer a tangible means of resisting centralized control and pervasive observation. Unlike centralized digital systems that collect and exploit data to manipulate behavior, decentralized technologies enable an open potential state where individuals can act freely, without fear of surveillance-induced consequences. They preserve privacy, protect free will, and create opportunities for genuine personal and spiritual growth. This decentralization aligns with divine principles of freedom, spontaneity, and diversity, reflecting the open and unpredictable nature of the universe itself. By choosing decentralized solutions, individuals can restore a more authentic connection to both digital and spiritual realms.

This shift is not purely technical; it’s deeply spiritual. Just as spiritual awakening requires a release from the bondage of sin and ignorance, digital liberation demands a conscious move away from surveillance-driven systems. Breaking free involves more than just switching technologies; it requires a transformation of mindset—one that recognizes surveillance as a spiritual and existential threat. It calls for the cultivation of awareness, discernment, and a willingness to embrace both technological sovereignty and spiritual autonomy. True salvation, in the context of a Cyber Gospel, is a holistic journey that requires overcoming both physical and digital chains. It is the fusion of spiritual liberation with the adoption of decentralized tools that enable true freedom in a digital world.

Ultimately, a Cyber Gospel serves as a guide for navigating this complex spiritual-digital landscape. It invites readers to explore how decentralized technologies can facilitate a digital exodus, moving humanity from a singular collapsed state to an open potential state where free will and spiritual growth can flourish. This path forward is both a call to action and a call to awakening. It urges readers to actively participate in building a future where technology serves as a bridge to liberation rather than a tool of control. As the lines between spiritual and digital realities blur, embracing this new form of salvation becomes not only possible but necessary for the soul’s journey toward wholeness and freedom. The Battle for the Soul in the Digital Age

The digital age is not just a technological revolution; it is a spiritual battleground where the soul's potential is tested by the forces of surveillance and control. In this new landscape, salvation must be reimagined as both spiritual and digital—a quest that demands free will, genuine choices, and the preservation of human potential against a backdrop of pervasive observation. Throughout this discussion, we have explored the nature of digital salvation, the essential role of free will, and how surveillance acts as a force that collapses human potential into a singular, predictable state. We have drawn parallels between quantum mechanics and human behavior, illustrating how surveillance, like the observer effect, restricts possibilities and narrows the range of spiritual and existential outcomes.

Yet, there is a path forward. Decentralized technologies offer a chance to resist this collapse and restore an open potential state, allowing for personal and spiritual growth in an age where control mechanisms seek to limit both. This liberation is not just about escaping technological constraints; it is about reclaiming the divine spark of free will, which is essential for true awakening. As we move deeper into this digital era, the challenge is clear: salvation must involve breaking free from the dual chains of spiritual ignorance and digital manipulation.

A Cyber Gospel can serve as a guide for navigating this complex terrain, calling for both spiritual and digital awakening. It asks seekers to reflect deeply on the nature of their freedom and the forces that shape it. The final question remains: Can the soul be truly free in a world of constant surveillance, or must it find a way to escape to achieve salvation? This question is not just philosophical but practical, urging users to consider how they can actively participate in the creation of a more liberated reality—both spiritually and digitally. The battle for the soul in the digital age is not just about avoiding surveillance; it is about embracing a deeper, more transformative form of freedom that aligns with both divine principles and technological sovereignty.

@ 7f31a2d6:b5a93696

Leveraging Community Power: Yakihonne's Innovative Approach to Bitcoin Adoption

Introduction

The Bitcoin landscape is constantly evolving, and community plays a vital role in shaping its future. Yakihonne, a cutting-edge platform, is harnessing the power of community to drive Bitcoin adoption and education. In this article, we will explore Yakihonne's innovative approach and its impact on the Bitcoin ecosystem.

The Yakihonne Difference

Yakihonne distinguishes itself by recognizing every user as a unique node in the Bitcoin network. This perspective empowers individuals to take an active role in shaping the community and contributing to its growth. By fostering connections and knowledge sharing, Yakihonne creates a supportive environment where users can thrive.

Key Features and Benefits

• Decentralized knowledge sharing: Yakihonne's platform allows users to access and share valuable resources, promoting a deeper understanding of Bitcoin and its applications.

• Community-driven support: Users can engage with others, ask questions, and receive guidance from experienced community members.

• Incentivized learning: Yakihonne's gamification elements make learning about Bitcoin engaging and fun, encouraging users to expand their knowledge.

• Responsible adoption: The platform emphasizes security, privacy, and informed decision-making, ensuring sustainable growth.

The Future of Bitcoin Adoption

Yakihonne's community-centric approach is poised to revolutionize Bitcoin adoption. By leveraging the power of social nodes, Yakihonne creates a snowball effect, where knowledge and enthusiasm spread exponentially. As the platform continues to evolve, it's likely to play a significant role in shaping the future of Bitcoin.

Conclusion

Yakihonne is a game-changer in the Bitcoin space, offering a unique blend of community engagement, education, and support. By joining the Yakihonne community, individuals can tap into the collective power of social nodes, contributing to a brighter future for Bitcoin adoption. Embrace the potential of Yakihonne and be part of this exciting journey!@yakihonne

@ 6d8e2a24:5faaca4c

BTC price behavior is either hinting at a deeper pullback or an RSI-fueled surge beyond $100,000, Bitcoin market observers conclude.

Bitcoin BTC tickers down $99,001 faced a serious challenge hitting $100,000 on Nov. 22 as $300 million in sell-side liquidity blocked the way.

BTC/USD 1-hour chart. Source: TradingView

BTC price teases with rejection near $100,000

Data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView showed BTC price downside taking over at the Wall Street open.

BTC/USD fell to local lows of under $97,300 and was down around 1.2% on the day at the time of writing.

A trip toward the key six-figure mark earlier ended in defeat as sellers lined up to prevent BTC’s price from climbing higher — a common feature for Bitcoin around key psychological levels.

“FireCharts shows a massive Bitcoin sell wall compressed between the $99.3k - $100k range,” trading resource Material Indicators confirmed in its latest post on X.

This referred to liquidity on the largest global exchange, Binance, with the $100,000 sell wall clearly standing out against other levels while building in strength over the past few hours.

“The good news is there has been a slight bit of erosion in the last few hours,” Material Indicators continued. “The bad news is, it’s still nearly $300M in liquidity.”

BTC/USDT chart with order book liquidity data. Source: Material Indicators/X

Accompanying volume data showed sell-side transactions dominated by amounts between $100 and $1,000, with whales still refraining from mass distribution.

“It would actually be good to see whales start dumping blocks of ask liquidity to force BTC into a support test and to ultimately make the wall easier to penetrate,” the post argued.

“With the ETF faucet turned off for the weekend, we could see some dip buying opportunities ahead.” United States spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) achieved another day of net inflows above $1 billion on Nov. 21, reflecting considerable institutional interest supporting BTC price momentum.

Bitcoin four-hour RSI hints at bullish comeback

Others considered where a potential deeper price retracement may end up, with popular trader Crypto Chase eyeing $90,000 in what he called the “optimal scenario.” BTC/USDT 12-hour chart. Source: Crypto Chase/X

Fellow trader CJ had a higher target focused on the mid-$90,000 range. Source: CJ In support of a return to upside, meanwhile, trader Roman noted promising bullish divergences on the four-hour relative strength index (RSI).

This fell 10 points on the day, dipping below the key 70 “overbought” level.

“Big bull divs forming between price & RSI here. We should see trend continuation as a result,” he told X followers on the day.

“I think we break 100k today or tomorrow as this entire trend looks very strong.” BTC/USD 4-hour chart with RSI data. Source: TradingView

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

แนวคิด : ช้างเป็นสัตว์ในสัญลักษณ์ประจำจังหวัด สุพรรณบุรี เป็นการศึกแบบ ยุทธหัตถี จึงดึงเอาเฉพาะตัวช้างมาเป็นคาแรคเตอร์ในงานชิ้นนี้ ทำเป็นกึ่งๆช้างเผือก แทนความเป็นดาวรุ่ง มีการสวมเสื้อยืดลาย บิทคอยน์ และรองเท้าสีส้มตามสีของบิทคอยน์ กระพริบตา 1 ข้างเพื่อความน่ารักและเชิญชวนให้มาใช้บริการ

Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cXzbTCI0CqT9RWRETtwNLia7chL8Fyga?usp=sharing

Concept: An elephant is a symbol of Suphanburi Province, representing the historic royal battle of "Yutthahatthi" (elephant duel). This character is inspired by an elephant, designed as a semi-white elephant symbolizing a rising star. It wears a Bitcoin-themed T-shirt and orange shoes, representing Bitcoin's color. To add charm and invite engagement, the elephant winks playfully with one eye, encouraging people to use the service. Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cXzbTCI0CqT9RWRETtwNLia7chL8Fyga?usp=sharing

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

https://psv4.userapi.com/s/v1/d/_uiYP1zAFvcsd8t7Y_DVn31eUXEFO_MRBzYCTv0ZcrR86sAxPF-1gnbJ3rW9P587gmh8nE022gBcO9K7WWosxCBvoesq5KrI_extC-Gl7DtjA7bk6-5bgA/1732298014335.mp4

@ 705605d9:b4324038

Вы видели цены на сливочное масло? Кажется, грустнее смотреть только на цены на бензин. И виноваты в этом порой не затраты на производство (не зря же его постоянно оптимизируют!), не неурожайные года, а простая человеческая жадность.

Желание одного человека набить карманы стало причиной дефицита базового для жителей Горноправдинска продукта на полках магазинов. И человек этот занимал пост достаточно серьёзный — Анастасия Комаринская занимала пост руководителя департамента молодёжной политики.

Вот только вместо того, чтобы давать горноправдинской молодёжи возможности для развития и создавать таким образом будущее для региона и страны, она давала взятки рабочим и создала искусственный дефицит.

Сливочное масло вместо благосостояния

Масло, которое производится в Горноправдинске, заняло своё место на полках местных магазинов: жители города полюбили его за доступную цену, вкусовые качества и натуральный состав. Но последние несколько месяцев покупать его в супермаркетах стало проблематично: найти его там порой было просто невозможно. Зато в сомнительных частных магазинах по цене раза в два-три больше обычной его стало хоть отбавляй.

Редакция провела расследование, и оказалось, что платят продавцам здесь не больше, чем в обычных супермаркетах, но никаких льгот не предоставляют, а владельцами нескольких таких магазинов ("Брусничка", "Любава", "Молоко и мясо" и ещё нескольких точек оказались родственники Комаринской — например, "Любава" и "Брусничка" зарегистрированы на жену сына Анастасии Комаринской, Екатерину.

Наш корреспондент Эльвира смогла добиться комментариев от Екатерины Комаринской, и она утверждает, что руководством точкой она практически не занимается.

— Я вообще не предприниматель по натуре, у меня нет на это таланта. Я занимаюсь икебаной и танцами, но таланта к бизнесу у меня никогда не было. — честно признаётся она.

При этом за последние три месяца Екатерина смогла купить себе колье Cartier. Откуда у девушки, которая занимается цветами, такие деньги? Примерно оттуда же, откуда у работников производства — лишние деньги на цветы жёнам и подарки детям. Это цена молчания Екатерины о гнусных схемах Анастасии.

Официально Анастасия Комаринская получает не более двухсот тысяч в месяц.

Правоохранительные органы установили, что Анастасия через подставных лиц (одним из таких стала её невестка Екатерина) скупала сливочное масло по оптовым ценам, подкупая руководство завода и даже некоторых простых рабочих, а потом перепродавала всё на своих точках по резко завышенным ценам. И полученная прибыль шла не на развитие города: они направлялись в карманы человека, которому, по идее, доверено служить интересам его жителей.

Представители администрации Горноправдинска заявили, что они полностью поддерживают расследование. «Мы не потерпим произвол в наших рядах. Перед законом равны все», — прокомментировал ситуацию нынешний глава администрации, обещая полное сотрудничество с правоохранительными органами.

Местные жители внимательно следят за ходом расследования — подобный произвол прямо у них под носом никому не нравится. Общественные группы уже начали собирать подписи за отстранение чиновника от должности и требование провести полный аудит работы местной администрации.

На данный момент Анастасия отстранена от должности и находится под следствием по статье 174 УК РФ. Прокуратура запрашивает лишение свободы на срок 5 лет, но общественность считает это наказание слишком мягким — всё же, речь идёт о сумме в несколько миллионов рублей.

Следующее судебное заседание по делу Комаринской назначено на 21 декабря.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

แนวคิด : ที่มาของคำว่า 8ริ้ว ชื่อเล่นของจังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา มาจากปลาช่อนขนาดใหญ่ ที่สามารถแบ่งได้ถึง 8 ริ้ว จึงออกแบบให้เป็นรูปปลาช่อน แล้วติดเหรียญเลข 8 เอาไว้ ทั้งเป็นเลขมงคลและเป็นการแทนค่า 8ริ้ว ของปลาด้วย ด้านหลังเป็นสัญลักษณ์ bitcoin พร้อมคำว่า ฉะเชิงเทราเป็นภาษาอังกฤษ และกำกับภาษาไทยที่ด้านล่างอย่างโดดเด่น Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1i6DU2jt_fgUQUAfPqOsJa1h6C-rrIPy2?usp=sharing

Concept: The origin of the nickname “8 Riew” for Chachoengsao Province comes from a large snakehead fish that could be cut into eight large slices. The design incorporates an image of a snakehead fish with an “8” coin to represent both the rich number and the symbolic “8 Riew” slices. The background features the Bitcoin symbol along with “Chachoengsao” in English and prominent Thai text below. Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1i6DU2jt_fgUQUAfPqOsJa1h6C-rrIPy2?usp=sharing

@ 2775fb0f:887f8193

30 августа. Новодвинск-2040. Архангельский целлюлозно-бумажный комбинат объявил о внедрении новой системы очистки воздуха, направленной на снижение загрязнений и улучшение экологической ситуации в регионе. В рамках этой инициативы комбинат заменил устаревшие технологии на современные решения, которые обещают значительно улучшить качество воздуха в окрестностях.

Среди внедренных систем – высокоэффективные фильтры и установки для нейтрализации выбросов, которые позволяют улавливать до 95% вредных веществ. Старые системы, основанные на менее эффективных методах, таких как простая механическая фильтрация, были признаны неактуальными и выведены из эксплуатации. Это решение стало возможным благодаря значительным инвестициям в модернизацию оборудования и внедрению инновационных технологий.

«Мы понимаем, что наша ответственность не ограничивается производственными показателями. Мы стремимся к тому, чтобы наш комбинат стал примером экологической устойчивости. Новая система очистки воздуха – это шаг к более чистому будущему для наших сотрудников и жителей Новодвинска», – прокомментировал изменения главный директор АЦБК Дмитрий Зылёв. Жители Новодвинска уже начали замечать изменения. Один из местных жителей, Дмитрий Вторыгин, рассказал о своих впечатлениях:

«Я живу здесь всю жизнь, и за неделю почувствовал, что воздух стал заметно чище. Запах, который раньше был постоянным спутником, теперь почти не ощущается. Это действительно радует!»

Переход на новую систему очистки воздуха прошел быстро и эффективно. Комбинат завершил все необходимые работы за рекордные три месяца, что позволило минимизировать простои в производстве и сохранить рабочие места.

В планах АЦБК – дальнейшее улучшение экологической ситуации. В ближайшие годы комбинат намерен внедрить дополнительные технологии по утилизации отходов и оптимизации производственных процессов, что позволит не только сократить выбросы, но и повысить общую эффективность работы предприятия.

Таким образом, Архангельский целлюлозно-бумажный комбинат делает важный шаг к устойчивому развитию, заботясь о здоровье своих сотрудников и жителей региона.

@ 2775fb0f:887f8193

22 августа 2040 года в Новодвинске объявлено предупреждение о сильном дожде, который ожидается 22 августа. Метеорологи прогнозируют интенсивные осадки, которые могут привести к затоплению низменных участков и ухудшению дорожных условий.

В связи с этим местные власти призывают жителей принять меры предосторожности:

• Оставайтесь дома: По возможности, избегайте ненужных поездок и оставайтесь в помещениях, особенно в период сильного дождя.
• Проверьте дренажные системы: Убедитесь, что водостоки и дренажные канавы вокруг вашего дома не забиты и могут эффективно отводить воду.
• Подготовьте запас продуктов: Запаситесь необходимыми продуктами и водой на случай, если дождь затруднит доступ к магазинам.
• Следите за новостями: Будьте в курсе обновлений от местных властей и метеорологической службы, чтобы получать актуальную информацию о погодных условиях.
• Избегайте низменных мест: Не находитесь вблизи рек и ручьев, которые могут выйти из берегов.

Власти Новодвинска призывают всех жителей соблюдать осторожность и следовать рекомендациям, чтобы минимизировать риски, связанные с сильными осадками.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

แนวคิด : ห้วยผึ้ง ใช้ผึ้งงานเก็บน้ำผึ้งเข้ารัง ให้รังเป็นตัวแทนของการออม bitcoin ในลักษณะ stack sats ค่อยๆเก็บหอมรอบริบ make saving great again โดยผึ้งงานเป็นตัวแทนของ proof of work ซึ่งตัวน้ำผึ้งที่หอมหวานนั้น มีคุณค่า ไม่เสื่อมไปตามกาลเวลา เป็นยาอายุวัฒนะ และเป็นของมีค่าโดยธรรมชาติ Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Itj0C0aIBWvpnZuuW1Z04nif_NNfPQg6?usp=sharing

Concept: Huai Phueng uses an image of a worker bee collecting honey for the hive, where the hive symbolizes saving Bitcoin in a “stack sats” manner, gradually accumulating and making saving valuable again. The worker bee represents proof of work, while the sweet honey, with its timeless value, serves as both an elixir and a naturally precious resource. Link Download https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Itj0C0aIBWvpnZuuW1Z04nif_NNfPQg6?usp=sharing

@ 9bc2d34d:d19d2948

As I am studying Biology, I needed a quick snack and created this 5 minute meal to hold me over. It is a very simple, basic recipe that could be customized in many ways. You like onions? Add them. You like tomatoes? No problem. The options are limitless.

https://zap.cooking/recipe/naddr1qq8xsmm594jx7eeddeskx6r0wvpzpx7z6dxam2pajs4plhfk5ay8lx4wcaqdkf8209ejmy8rs0ge622gqvzqqqr4guaw0c88

@ 03b2a4f0:7ff066d4

Zeteo citadel consult In collaboration with the university of Ibadan @yakihonne nostr:naddr1qqgrqe3jxasnjwtpvs6rxd3kvsmkzq3qqwe2fuxpe5tf7xduvcd9n3he30s6zel890dgzy2zquunvllsvm2qxpqqqp65w8nuwxg

@ 319ad3e7:cc01d50a

This is the perfect recipe for the lazy, hungry, and want-all-the-salt moments.

https://zap.cooking/recipe/naddr1qq8xsmm594jx7eeddeskx6r0wvpzpx7z6dxam2pajs4plhfk5ay8lx4wcaqdkf8209ejmy8rs0ge622gqvzqqqr4guaw0c88

@ 6bae33c8:607272e8

I went 1-4 last week to blow any chance I had at cashing in Q3, so this is kind of a practice week before we head into Q4.

Colts +7.5 vs Lions — The Lions are a juggernaut, and they were my only correct pick last week, but this feels like a sell-high against a scrappy Colts team, and Anthony Richardson played better last week.

Bears +3.5 vs Vikings — The Bears should have beaten the Packers last week, and I expect them to hang with the Vikings at home.

Raiders +6 vs Broncos — The Broncos looked great last week, but this is an easy sell-high on the road against a division rival.

Cardinals pick ‘em at Seahawks — The Seahawks are a sell-high after their win over the 49ers, and the Cardinals are playing well of late and coming off the bye.

Ravens -2.5 at Chargers — The Ravens are one of the league’s top-four teams, and they’re desperate after blowing a winnable game to the Steelers.

@ 6fff5148:a5dd5cdf

Cryptocurrencies have not only changed the world’s expectations surrounding money. They’ve also continued to evolve in their own space since the first bitcoin block was mined back in 2009. Since then, thousands of unique cryptocurrencies have popped up. Of these, Bitcoin remains the most popular.

In fact, a recent survey found that 8% of americans have invested in cryptocurrency and of that 8%, 5.15% have invested in Bitcoin.

Curious to see why Bitcoin is the most popular and what other cryptocurrencies are running close behind? Keep reading.

It’s been about a decade since Bitcoin expanded currency into the digital space of the internet. Since that time, it’s remained the most popular cryptocurrency in the world and most used of all cryptocurrency.

With Bitcoin, users transfer money from one digital wallet to another digital wallet with ease. Each transaction is then verified by other users and recorded on the public ledger, known as the blockchain. For the fact that Bitcoin which is currently the top cryptocurrency gaining awareness on daily basis on the wheel of fortune is tough,that way it can't be predicted so easily even for an expert as there is no one who can predict the future and be accurate of the outcome. No one ever thought Bitcoin will ever be worth $20,000.00k in 2017 as same reason why the awareness keeps brewing each passing day making it easier for investors dealing in bitcoin. Aside buying and holding bitcoins for potential gains which is one of the advantages of the benefits derived from dealing in cryptocurrency, I also recommend that you invest in service companies such as the Zippercoin(www.zippercoin.tech) company, a cryptocurrency investment company that gives return on investments made in days by capitalizing on the volatility of the crypto market to generate profits giving you better chance in the cryptocurrency market.

Some key factors that have contributed to Bitcoin’s popularity include:

Although it fluctuates, its price is high. A single Bitcoin is worth $4,931 US dollars as of this writing. This is significantly higher than other cryptocurrencies that exist. Major companies are starting to accept Bitcoins. These include Microsoft,overstock and more. Bitcoin is easy to set up. Bitcoin is supported by the most notable exchanges and digital wallet platforms, such as Coinbase. This makes getting in the game easier. Investors have been supporting Bitcoin’s growth for years. Bitcoin has been around longer than all other cryptocurrencies. This has allowed them to gain a strong following of investors. Bitcoin also has the highest market capitalization among cryptocurrencies, which is often considered by investors. Market caps are calculated by multiplying the current supply of the currency by the current price. This is known as the circulating supply of currency, and can indicate if a currency is risky to invest in. High market caps usually indicate less risk as there are more users. Therefore, Bitcoin is believed to be a better choice than other cryptocurrencies out there.

There is always light at the end of the tunnel,be wise with whatever decision you take.Always remember to diversify,study the cryptocurrency market before diving on the choice of coin you deem to trade,choose reliable service to trade with to avoid unnecessary loss.

Stay safe and God bless.. Source: https://www.quora.com/Why-is-bitcoin-often-the-most-talked-about-cryptocurrency-Is-it-possible-for-one-cryptocurrency-to-be-successful-while-others-are-not#:~:text=Bitcoin%20is%20a%20well%2Dknown,lack%20of%20a%20groundbreaking%20project. @yakihonne

@ 961e8955:d7fa53e4

The Power of Community: Revolutionizing Bitcoin Adoption through Yakihonne

Introduction

In the dynamic landscape of Bitcoin, community engagement plays a pivotal role in driving adoption and growth. Yakihonne, a pioneering platform, is at the forefront of this effort, providing a novel way for Bitcoin enthusiasts to connect, share knowledge, and support one another. This article delves into the world of Yakihonne, exploring its impact on the Bitcoin community and the broader

Yakihonne's foundational concept is that every Bitcoiner is a social node, interconnected and influencing others within the network. By recognizing the value of these connections, Yakihonne provides a platform for individuals to converge, share ideas, and learn from each other. This approach fosters a sense of community, ensures the dissemination of knowledge and best practices, and promotes a collaborative environment.

Empowering Through Education and Support

Yakihonne is committed to empowering Bitcoiners with the necessary knowledge and tools to succeed. The platform offers a comprehensive suite of educational resources, including articles, videos, and podcasts. Additionally, Yakihonne provides a support system where individuals can ask questions, share experiences, and receive guidance from experienced community members.

Balancing Education and Responsible Adoption

While education is crucial, Yakihonne also emphasizes the importance of responsible adoption practices. The platform encourages users to approach Bitcoin adoption in a measured and informed manner, prioritizing security, privacy, and sustainable growth. By striking this balance, Yakihonne ensures the network grows in a sustainable and responsible way, focusing on long-term success.

Conclusion

Yakihonne is revolutionizing the way Bitcoiners connect, learn, and grow together. By recognizing the power of community and the importance of education and support, this platform is paving the way for a brighter future in Bitcoin adoption. Join the Yakihonne community today and become part of this exciting movement, shaping the future of Bitcoin and fostering a sense of belonging among enthusiasts. @yakihonne

@ a305a0de:21557ddd

Bitcoin, the decentralized digital currency, has the potential to revolutionize the way local communities function. By providing an alternative to traditional fiat currencies, Bitcoin can empower local businesses, promote financial inclusion, and foster community development.

Financial Inclusion

Bitcoin can provide access to financial services for underserved communities. With Bitcoin, individuals can make transactions without the need for traditional banking infrastructure. This can be especially beneficial for low-income communities where access to banking services is limited.

Local Economic Growth

Bitcoin can also promote local economic growth by encouraging local businesses to accept Bitcoin payments. This can increase foot traffic, boost sales, and create new job opportunities. Additionally, Bitcoin's decentralized nature can help reduce transaction fees, allowing local businesses to keep more of their hard-earned money.

Community Development

Bitcoin can also foster community development by providing a platform for community-driven initiatives. For example, Bitcoin-based crowdfunding platforms can be used to raise funds for local community projects, such as building a community center or supporting a local food bank.

Real-World Examples

There are already several examples of Bitcoin being used to improve local communities. For instance, the Bitcoin Ekasi project in South Africa is using Bitcoin to create a circular economy in a local township. Similarly, the BitPatron project in the United States is using Bitcoin to support local artists and creatives.

Conclusion

Bitcoin has the potential to revolutionize the way local communities function. By providing access to financial services, promoting local economic growth, and fostering community development, Bitcoin can empower local communities to take control of their own economic destiny. As the world becomes increasingly digital, it's exciting to think about the potential impact that Bitcoin can have on local communities around the world.

@ 6fff5148:a5dd5cdf

what is Bitcoin Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a peer-to-peer digital currency that operates independently of a central governing authority. Bitcoin enables direct transactions between users, secured by cryptographic technology and recorded on a transparent and immutable ledger known as the blockchain.This innovation not only ensures security and transparency but also challenges traditional financial systems by offering a global currency that is accessible to anyone with internet access.Picture it as digital gold: whereas gold is physically mined from the earth, Bitcoin is created through the use of powerful computers solving complex problems, known as "Bitcoin mining." Unlike gold, you can't physically touch Bitcoin; it exists purely in the digital realm.Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009 by a person (or group) named Satoshi Nakamoto. Little is known about their identity–but more on that later!Today, Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency, with a market capitalization that far surpasses any other digital currency. It has become a benchmark for the crypto market, influencing the launch of thousands of other cryptocurrencies and ushering in a new era of digital finance.Key Bitcoin Concepts in Simple Words Cryptocurrency: A type of digital or virtual money that uses cryptography for security, making it difficult to counterfeit. Blockchain: A digital ledger that records all Bitcoin transactions, like a global spreadsheet that everyone can see but no one can tamper with. Wallet: A digital pouch that safely stores your Bitcoin, similar to a virtual bank account. Public and Private Keys: A pair of digital keys where the public key is your Bitcoin address (like an email address) and the private key is your secret password to access and send your Bitcoins. Decentralization: The principle of distributing control across the entire network rather than relying on a central authority, like having a group decision instead of one boss calling the shots. Mining: The process of using computer power to solve complex puzzles, securing the network and creating new Bitcoins as a reward. Satoshi: The smallest unit of Bitcoin, named after its mysterious creator, worth one hundred millionth of a Bitcoin. ‍ BTC: BTC is the abbreviation for Bitcoin typically used when referring to the currency unit in transactions, price listings, and financial discussions. image Source: https://www.blockpit.io/en-us/blog/what-is-bitcoin#:~:text=Bitcoin%20is%20a%20cryptocurrency%2C%20a,ledger%20known%20as%20the%20blockchain .! @yakihonne.com

@ a305a0de:21557ddd

In the ever-evolving world of Bitcoin, innovation is key. And one name that's been making waves is Yakhonne. This pioneering project has been instrumental in helping Bitcoin take a giant leap forward.

So, what exactly is Yakhonne? Simply put, it's a decentralized social media platform that rewards users with Bitcoin for creating and engaging with content. But that's not all - Yakhonne has also been at the forefront of driving Bitcoin adoption and education.

By providing a user-friendly platform for people to learn about and interact with Bitcoin, Yakhonne has helped demystify the world of cryptocurrency. And with its innovative approach to social media, Yakhonne has shown that Bitcoin can be used in ways that go beyond just transactions.

The impact of Yakhonne on Bitcoin's evolution cannot be overstated. By pushing the boundaries of what's possible with Bitcoin, Yakhonne has inspired a new wave of innovation and adoption. And as Bitcoin continues to grow and mature, it's clear that Yakhonne will remain a key player in shaping its future.

@ c755de14:cc53833a

Here’s What Bitcoin’s New All-Time High Means For Investors

Bitcoin’s price soared over $98,000 this morning, marking a new high. The granddaddy of cryptocurrency seems to be becoming less volatile, but it’s still a risky asset. Don’t buy Bitcoin just because of its recent price action – take time to research and think about how it fits with your other investments. For the second time this year, Bitcoin bulls have reason to celebrate. About 24 hours ago, Bitcoin’s price reached $99,434 smashing previous all-time high. Bitcoin’s recent rise was fueled by an influx of institutional money into spot crypto ETFs and increasing economic optimism. The election result pushed it to break new ground. If you’re thinking of buying Bitcoin, you might be wondering what this means for investors.

Does Bitcoin’s recent price action mean it’s here to stay? Positive price action is certainly reassuring, but the true test of whether Bitcoin is here to stay will be long-term adoption. There’s a lot we don’t know about how cryptocurrency will develop. It’s a relatively new and unregulated industry, and it’s still unclear what people will use Bitcoin for in the long term. That said, Bitcoin does appear to be maturing. Don’t get me wrong, it continues to be a volatile and high-risk asset. But the price swings have become less drastic. That’s a very different picture from previous years. Indeed, research by Fidelity shows that the top cryptocurrency was less volatile than several popular S&P 500 stocks. For example, its analysis shows that Netflix was more volatile over the two-year period ending March 2024. Even so, Netflix is still a totally different asset class. The stock market has existed for hundreds of years, which is plenty of time for various regulations and investor protections to evolve. In contrast, Bitcoin is less than two decades old and still has the sword of changing regulation hanging over it.

Three questions to consider before you buy Bitcoin Before you buy any investment, it’s important to be clear on why you’re buying. Think about your tolerance for risk and how cryptocurrency fits with your overall investment strategy. Here are some questions to consider.

1. How will you buy and store it? Cryptocurrency assets do not have the same protections against institution failure or theft as money in the bank or stocks in a brokerage account. As an investor, that means being conscious of security when buying and storing digital assets.

Here’s how that looks with some of the most common ways you can add Bitcoin to your portfolio:

Top cryptocurrency exchange: Cryptocurrency exchanges have a broad mix of cryptos and crypto-related products. It is easy to move your assets to a crypto wallet you control, which gives you extra protection against platform failure. Crypto broker: A couple of popular brokerages offer cryptocurrencies. They don’t have as much functionality or as many cryptos as exchanges, but the fact that they’re registered with the SEC to trade other assets makes them feel more secure. Spot Bitcoin ETF: The SEC greenlighted spot Bitcoin ETFs at the start of the year. This means many investors can buy them from a brokerage account, just as they would other ETFs and stocks. One big advantage is that the fund managers are responsible for storing the Bitcoin safely. Robinhood has broken the mold in terms of crypto offerings. You can buy several cryptocurrencies directly, as well as spot Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs. Plus, it’s the only brokerage with a crypto wallet that lets you deposit and withdraw crypto. Click here to learn more about Robinhood’s crypto offer and open an account.

1. Have you researched Bitcoin and its long-term potential? Think about why you’re buying cryptocurrency. If it’s because you see the price rising and worry about missing out, pause and do a bit more digging. Look at the different arguments on how Bitcoin will develop – both critical and optimistic.

Some argue that Bitcoin has value as a type of digital gold or the future currency of the internet. Others see it as taking a chunk out of the global money transfer market. On the other hand, critics say it’s a speculative asset with no intrinsic value.

1. How does it fit with the rest of your portfolio? Risky assets like cryptocurrency should only make up a small percentage of your wider portfolio. Think about what level of risk you’re comfortable with and how to balance your investments accordingly.

Building a diversified portfolio can be a great way to safeguard your funds. If one sector or asset performs badly, you’re insulated against losses. If it does well, you’ll still reap the rewards.

Don’t buy Bitcoin just because it hit an all-time high Not only has Bitcoin more than erased the losses of recent years, it’s also becoming less volatile. However, it’s still a high-risk asset that could fall to zero.

Only invest money you can afford to lose, and do your own research into the blockchain and Bitcoin. Positive short-term price action is one thing, but if you’re a buy-and-hold investor, long-term value is a lot more important.

@Yakihonne

@ c755de14:cc53833a

In the past recent years, Cryptocurrencies have exploded onto the financial scene, offering a new innovative form of digital money. Built on blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum have the potential to transform finance as we know it. But what exactly are cryptocurrencies, and what is their role in this modern financial landscape? This article explores the rise of cryptocurrencies, their impact so far, and what the future may hold for this disruptive new asset class.

Cryptocurrencies Overview Cryptocurrencies are digital that uses cryptography to control and secure transactions. Unlike printed money issued by governments, cryptocurrencies operate independently of central banks and are decentralized across peer-to-peer networks. The first and most well-known cryptocurrency as we all know it is Bitcoin, created in 2009 by the mysterious Satoshi Nakamoto. Today there are over 10,000 different cryptocurrencies in existence, though Bitcoin and Ethereum dominate the market.
Cryptocurrencies enable direct transactions between users without an intermediary. All ownership records are stored on a public ledger called the blockchain. Advanced cryptography verifies and secures each transactions on the blockchain. Miners contribute computing power to verify blocks of transactions, and are rewarded with new cryptocurrency for their efforts. This decentralized nature of cryptocurrencies removes the need for trusting central authorities to manage the system.

Is Cryptocurrency Here To Stay? Given their relatively brief lifespan so far, some wonder if cryptocurrencies are just a passing fad. However, there are a growing amount of evidence that suggests cryptocurrencies are here to stay as a financial and technological innovation. One of the key drivers of this is the advantages the underlying blockchain technology provides in terms of secure, transparent record-keeping and transactions. The decentralized structure means no single entity controls the network.

Cryptocurrencies also enable faster cross-border payments. Major companies like PayPal, Visa, and MasterCard are integrating crypto capabilities to take advantage of these benefits. The total market value of cryptocurrencies has grown to over $1 trillion. Governments are exploring central bank digital currencies built on blockchain technology. All of these trends point to cryptocurrencies cementing their place in the financial landscape long-term.

What is Cryptocurrency’s Role In Today’s Financial Landscape? Cryptocurrencies are playing an increasingly important role in today’s modern finance. Below are some of those roles: • Cryptocurrencies serves an alternative investment and store of value. Scarcity makes cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin attractive as an inflation hedge.

• Facilitating global commerce and payments. Cross-border crypto payments are faster and cheaper. The adoption is growing among merchants and businesses.

• Providing banking access. Approximately 1.7 billion adults remain unbanked globally. Cryptocurrencies provide access without any form of barriers.

• Driving innovation. Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications are expanding lending, trading, insurance and more.

• Challenging status quo. The disruptive power of cryptocurrencies encourages competition and improvement in the traditional finance.

Considerations And Challenges
Although promising, cryptocurrencies also come with risks and challenges that should be considered: • Volatility: As a newer asset class, cryptocurrency prices can swing wildly, making them a risky investments. Extreme volatility limits their ability to reliably store value.

• Security: Exchanges and wallets have been hacked, leading to huge losses. Users must take proper precautions to secure their cryptocurrency tokens.

• Lack Of Regulation: Currently, minimal government oversight exists. More regulation would provide greater investor protection.

• Complex Technology: Blockchain and cryptocurrencies represent complex concepts for many. Usability could improve with further development.

• Illegal Activity: Anonymity has attracted criminals laundering money and buying illegal goods. This black market use harms legitimacy.

• Environmental Impact: Bitcoin mining consumes enormous energy. More efficient consensus models are being explored.

• Adoption Obstacles: Integration into everyday payments and financial systems is still limited. Tax implications are still being defined.

As time goes on, these challenges may decrease over time as the technology matures. Regulations will evolve and adoption will grow. But for now, they remain barriers inhibiting mainstream acceptance.

How Cryptocurrency Can Affect The Finance Industry
Cryptocurrencies threaten to disrupt traditional finance and could significantly impact the industry in a variety of ways: • Reduced Fees: By removing middlemen, cryptocurrency transactions have fewer fees. This pressures banks and payment networks to reduce costs.

• Faster Services: Settlement of cryptocurrency transactions is nearly instant. Consumers will expect faster banking and payments facilitated by blockchain technology.

• New Revenue Sources: Wealth managers and institutions are finding ways to add cryptocurrency services to attract more clients and investment in dollars.

• Better Transparency: Cryptocurrency ledgers are public. This allows anyone to analyze transactions. This level of transparency will compel competition.

• Increased Automation: Smart contracts executed on the blockchain automate many manual processes required in traditional finance. This can improve efficiency and cost-savings.

• Enhanced Security: Cryptocurrencies offer better consumer protection against fraud or identity theft since they don’t expose personal information.

Effects Of Cryptocurrency On Everyone. Is It A Threat To Financial Stability? For the average person like you and I, cryptocurrencies offer both potential benefits and drawbacks:

Potential Benefits: 1. It Increases financial access. It has the ability to utilize financial services like lending or investments previously inaccessible.

1. It enables fast and cheap remittance of money across borders.

2. Cryptocurrencies reduces fees compared to traditional financial services.

3. The decentralized nature of crypto gives more people direct control and power over their money.

4. It serves as a new financial opportunities. It gives the ability to invest early in new cryptocurrencies and technologies.

Potential Drawbacks:
1. Cryptocurrency concepts and tools require technological proficiency many don’t have which makes it Complex.

1. The unpredictable price fluctuations make crypto a high-risk investment.

2. No government insurance or regulation means limited consumer protections exist. For this reason, it lacks protection.

3. Fraud, scams and hacking are still common, leading to potential theft.

4. There are unclear reporting requirements and taxes on buying, selling, or mining crypto.

More user-friendly applications and prudent regulation can help maximize benefits and minimize risks of cryptocurrencies for the average person.

The Future Of Cryptocurrency The future path of cryptocurrency is unclear but innovation will continue to drive new opportunities like: • Mainstream Adoption: Younger demographics are leading to increase crypto acceptance and usage.

• Integration: More banks, merchants, businesses, and apps will integrate cryptocurrency support.

• Institutional Investment: Growing investment from hedge funds, banks, and publicly traded companies will further legitimize crypto.

• Applications: DeFi, NFTs, crypto gaming, and the metaverse hint at expanded functionality.

• Regulation: Reasonable oversight could foster confidence, safety, and standards.

• Security: Implementing layered security features like multi-factor authentication could reduce fraud and theft risk.

Bottom Line Cryptocurrencies mark a technological leap forward that will likely ripple through the financial sector for years to come. But realizing the full potential of cryptocurrencies to benefit society depends on sustaining innovation while proactively addressing risks. Though there are still challenges ahead, the promises of enhanced financial access, speed, privacy and transparency makes the cryptocurrency revolution worth nurturing rather than resisting.

@Yakihonne

@ c755de14:cc53833a

What Is Cryptocurrency?

Cryptocurrency is a form of currency that utilizes cryptography to guarantee transactions. Unlike payment systems that rely on banks for verification cryptocurrencies function independently without the involvement of financial authorities. Currently the collective market value of all cryptocurrencies stands at $3.44 trillion highlighting their increasing growth and acceptance in the market.

An Introduction to Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin allow individuals to conduct peer to peer transactions without relying on banks or payment processors. These digital currencies offer direct transfers between parties eliminating the need for intermediaries. These transactions are recorded on blockchains which’re interconnected ledgers containing transaction data.

The term “cryptocurrency” stems from the encryption methods used to safeguard the network. Transactions are verified using keys, which serve as proof of ownership for cryptocurrency addresses and facilitate the transfer of assets.

Different Types of Cryptocurrencies

It is impossible to provide a list of all existing cryptocurrencies in this article due, to their number currently exceeding 10,000. However we will highlight some known and widely adopted ones.

• Bitcoin (BTC)

Among these cryptocurrencies is bitcoin, introduced in 2009 as a currency. With a market capitalization of $527.39 billion dollars bitcoin has gained recognition as one of the most prominent crypto coins worldwide. Satoshi Nakamoto is credited with developing this accepted currency.

• Ethereum (ETH)

Ethereum was introduced in 2015 as a platform that allows the development of applications using contracts. It holds the position, in terms of market capitalization after Bitcoin. Ethereum is widely. Respected as one of the cryptocurrencies.

• Cardamon (ADA)

Cardano was specifically designed to tackle scalability and accessibility issues faced by cryptocurrencies. Its main goal is to establish a blockchain platform. It currently ranks among the top ten largest cryptocurrencies based on its native ADA token.

• Dogecoin (DOGE)

Initially created as a concept, Dogecoin (DOGE) has gained popularity due to its widespread use for internet tipping and endorsement from influential figures like Elon Musk.

• Solana (SOL)

Solana is a blockchain network that prioritizes high transaction speeds and low costs. The SOL coin also holds a spot, among the ten cryptocurrencies when it comes to market capitalization.

• Polkadot (DOT)

This coin is a blockchain protocol that fosters interoperability between cryptocurrency networks.

Aside the coins mentioned above, there are thousands of other coins as mentioned earlier.

Advantages of Cryptocurrency

Both cryptocurrencies and blockchain networks comes with benefits that makes them attractive when compared to other payment systems and flat currencies.

Below are some cryptocurrencies advantages:

• Decentralization:

Cryptocurrencies operate without dependence on centralized financial authorities, which reduces the risk of systemic issues and allows for resistance against censorship. Control is distributed across participants in the blockchain.

• Enhanced Security:

Blockchain-based transactions makes digital currency transfers highly secure against fraud or tampering. This prevents issues like double spending.

• Accessibility:

You simply need an internet connection to send or receive cryptocurrency. This enables broader financial inclusion worldwide, especially in developing countries.

Anonymity:

Unless you personally attached your identity to a transaction, cryptocurrency transactions are largely anonymous and your identity will not be known.. Users interact through blockchain addresses rather than names.

Fast Transactions:

Cryptocurrency payments are quickly settled and confirmed, sometimes in seconds or few minutes.

Low Fees:

Most cryptocurrency transactions incur minor network fees, far lower than credit card fees or wire transfer charges, making micro-transactions more feasible and cheap.

Control:

You have complete control over your personal funds. Without the need for financial institutions like banks, you have gain financial independence and self-sovereignty.

Are Cryptocurrencies Safe?

While cryptocurrencies provide many benefits, they also come with few risks that investors should carefully consider. Let's take a look at some of those risks.

Downsides Using Cryptocurrencies

Here are some of the risks that comes with Cryptocurrencies:

• Volatility: Cryptocurrency valuations can sometimes have wild swings or crashes. Prices can fluctuate severely even within a single day. Having stable coins like USDT can help in this case.

• Hacks: Crypto exchanges, wallets, protocols, and smart contracts are vulnerable to security breaches if not properly coded. Billions of dollars have been lost in cyber attacks. Proper security measures are critical. Avoid sharing your contract address to non trusted sites.

• Limited Oversight: Government regulations around cryptocurrencies are still developing. Unlike banks, there is less recourse for fraud or theft due to limited consumer protections.

• Technicality Barriers: Safely purchasing, storing, and using cryptocurrencies requires advanced technical knowledge that is difficult for mainstream users. Cryptocurrency is easy to lose through user error.

Scams: The cryptocurrency industry suffers from rampant scam projects, deceptive advertising, and Ponzi schemes promising unrealistic returns. Avoiding frauds requires thorough due diligence.

Cryptocurrency Usage in Africa

Across Africa, cryptocurrencies are addressing critical needs related to financial inclusion and stable savings. According to a Chainalysis report, Sub-Saharan Africa saw modest growth, receiving an estimated $125 billion in on-chain value between July 2023 and June 2024. This represents a $7.5 billion increase compared to last year.

Here are some of the drivers behind crypto adoption in Africa:

• Serving the Unbanked:

About 66% of Sub-Saharan Africans lack access to traditional banking. Cryptocurrencies enable participation in financial services using just your mobile phones without paperwork.

• Cross-Border Payments: For workers outside their country, cryptocurrencies allow fast and low-cost transfers that avoid steep remittance fees charged by money transfer operators.

• Stability: Cryptocurrencies offer Africans a store of value and help protect from high inflation rates plaguing many national African currencies like Nigerian Naira.

• Tech-Driven Youth: Young, tech-savvy populations across Africa are leading the shift to cryptocurrency to gain financial independence apart from state-run financial systems.

Final Thoughts

For the first time, digital money can be transferred globally without relying on government-issued currencies, banks, payment processors, or other intermediaries all thanks to Cryptocurrencies. @Yakihonne

@ ec951079:533d29e7

The Life of a Student👩‍🎓: Balancing Academics, Personal Growth, and Everything in Between.**

Introduction

Being a student is a unique and transformative experience that shapes individuals in countless ways. From the early morning alarm clocks to the late-night study sessions, students navigate a complex web of academics, personal growth, and social relationships. In this article, we will delve into the life of a student, exploring the challenges, opportunities, and lessons that come with this journey.

The Daily Grind

A typical day in the life of a student begins early, with the sound of an alarm clock piercing through the silence. After a quick breakfast, students rush to their morning classes, often with a mix of excitement and dread. The academic day is filled with lectures, discussions, and assignments, each designed to challenge and engage young minds.

Between classes, students often grab a snack or lunch with friends, sharing stories and laughter to break the monotony of the day. Afternoon classes may be followed by club meetings, sports practices, or part-time jobs, as students strive to balance academics with extracurricular activities.

The Struggle is Real

Despite the many rewards of student life, challenges abound. Students often struggle with:

1. Time management: Balancing academics, social life, and personal responsibilities can be overwhelming.
2. Financial stress: Tuition fees, living expenses, and textbooks can put a significant strain on students' finances.
3. Academic pressure: Meeting expectations from parents, teachers, and oneself can lead to anxiety and stress.
4. Self-doubt: Students may question their abilities, choices, and future prospects.

The Silver Lining

Amidst the challenges, student life offers countless opportunities for growth, exploration, and connection. Students can:

1. Discover new passions: Through electives, clubs, and internships, students can uncover hidden talents and interests.
2. Develop valuable skills: Time management, teamwork, and problem-solving are just a few of the essential skills students can hone.
3. Build lifelong relationships: Friendships forged in the classroom, dorm, or club can last a lifetime.
4. Explore identity and purpose: Student life provides a unique chance for self-reflection, exploration, and discovery.

Lessons Learned

As students navigate the ups and downs of academic life, they accumulate valuable lessons that extend far beyond the classroom:

1. Resilience: Students learn to adapt, persevere, and bounce back from setbacks.
2. Self-awareness: Through trial and error, students develop a deeper understanding of their strengths, weaknesses, and motivations.
3. Independence: As students take ownership of their decisions and actions, they cultivate independence and self-reliance.
4. Empathy and compassion: By interacting with diverse peers and facing shared challenges, students develop essential social skills.

Conclusion

The life of a student is a dynamic, transformative journey marked by growth, exploration, and self-discovery. While challenges abound, the opportunities for learning, connection, and personal development are unparalleled. As students navigate the complexities of academic life, they accumulate valuable lessons, skills, and relationships that will serve them well beyond their time in school.

@ fff19d35:43344a0b

The Rise of Cryptocurrency: Bitcoin, YakiHonne, and Beyond*

The world of cryptocurrency has experienced tremendous growth and development in recent years. From its humble beginnings to the current market boom, cryptocurrency has become a major player in the global financial landscape. In this article, I will explore the development and growth of cryptocurrency, with a focus on Bitcoin and YakiHonne.

The Early Days of Cryptocurrency

The concept of cryptocurrency dates back to the 1980s, but it wasn't until the launch of Bitcoin in 2009 that the industry began to gain traction. Created by an individual or group of individuals using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin was designed to be a decentralized, peer-to-peer digital currency.

The Rise of Bitcoin

Bitcoin's early success was met with skepticism and regulatory challenges. However, as the currency gained popularity and its value increased, it became clear that Bitcoin was here to stay. Today, Bitcoin is the largest and most well-known cryptocurrency, with a market capitalization of over $1 trillion.

The Emergence of YakiHonne

While Bitcoin may be the most well-known cryptocurrency, other players are emerging to challenge its dominance. One such player is YakiHonne, a relatively new cryptocurrency that has gained significant attention in recent months. YakiHonne's unique features, such as its fast transaction times and low fees, have made it an attractive option for investors and users.

The Future of Cryptocurrency

As the cryptocurrency market continues to grow and mature, we can expect to see new players emerge and existing ones continue to innovate. The development of decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and other cryptocurrency-related technologies will likely play a major role in shaping the future of the industry.

Conclusion

The development and growth of cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, and YakiHonne are testaments to the power of innovation and the demand for alternative financial systems. As the industry continues to evolve, it will be exciting to see how these players and others adapt and thrive in the ever-changing landscape of cryptocurrency.

@ a305a0de:21557ddd

Bitcoin, created in 2009, is a digital currency that allows peer-to-peer transactions without intermediaries. It's based on blockchain technology, maintained by a global network of computers.

Benefits include decentralization, security, accessibility, and a limited supply. However, Bitcoin also faces challenges like volatility, regulatory uncertainty, scalability issues, and environmental concerns.

Despite these challenges, Bitcoin's impact on finance is undeniable. As the world becomes increasingly digital, Bitcoin is likely to continue shaping the future of finance.

@ 917be69d:bfe8083e

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that allows for peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries like banks. It was created in 2009 by an anonymous individual or group using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto.

How Does it Work?

Bitcoin uses blockchain technology, a public ledger that records all transactions made with the currency. Transactions are verified by a network of computers around the world, called nodes, through a process called mining.

Key Characteristics:

1. Decentralized: Bitcoin operates independently of central banks and governments.
2. Limited supply: There will only ever be 21 million Bitcoins in existence.
3. Fast and global: Transactions are processed quickly, regardless of the sender's and recipient's locations.
4. Secure: Transactions are encrypted and verified through the blockchain.

Uses and Benefits:

1. Investment: Bitcoin's value can fluctuate, making it a popular investment option.
2. Payments: Bitcoin can be used to make purchases online and in-person.
3. Remittances: Bitcoin's fast and global nature makes it an attractive option for sending money across borders.

Challenges and Risks:

1. Volatility: Bitcoin's value can fluctuate rapidly.
2. Regulatory uncertainty: Bitcoin's legal status varies by country.
3. Security risks: Bitcoin exchanges, wallets, and transactions can be vulnerable to hacking.

Overall, Bitcoin is a complex and multifaceted digital currency that offers a range of benefits and challenges.

@ 89c1d3b9:6fa133db

****The Decentralization of Bitcoin: A Key to its Success_

Bitcoin's decentralized nature is a fundamental aspect of its design. Unlike traditional currencies, Bitcoin operates without a central authority or government control.

Key Benefits of Decentralization:

1. Security: No single point of failure.
2. Freedom: Transactions occur peer-to-peer.
3. Transparency: All transactions are recorded publicly.

Conclusion:

Bitcoin's decentralization ensures a secure, free, and transparent financial system. This core principle has contributed to Bitcoin's success and popularity.`

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

So, many people in the tech world seem to just hate all things to the right. It is a very left centric group, at least the most vocal members. Because of this, they tend to operate with blinders on and don't look at opportunity.

With the creation of DOGE (Department of Government Efficiency) there is a much better chance than in the past to push change in the government. That is, if they do as they say they will. I will give them the benefit of the doubt.

What do you suggest then, tech community? People have been saying the Government should be running open source software, getting away from Microsoft, for decades now. It was almost a utopian dream I've heard repeated through my years as a Linux and Open Source user. Now is the time to push it, speak up.

If there was going to be any other time to speak up, now is it. Open source can decrease bureaucracy, cut costs, and limit outside interests in governmental departments. It fits the DOGE team's goals exactingly.

It's time for all the open source advocates to put their hatred for the right aside and take advantage of this one time period. I will bet, once this presidential term ends, this department will be castrated of any real power if not removed completely. It's now or never in my opinion.

@ 6fff5148:a5dd5cdf

what is Bitcoin Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a peer-to-peer digital currency that operates independently of a central governing authority. Bitcoin enables direct transactions between users, secured by cryptographic technology and recorded on a transparent and immutable ledger known as the blockchain.

This innovation not only ensures security and transparency but also challenges traditional financial systems by offering a global currency that is accessible to anyone with internet access.

Picture it as digital gold: whereas gold is physically mined from the earth, Bitcoin is created through the use of powerful computers solving complex problems, known as "Bitcoin mining." Unlike gold, you can't physically touch Bitcoin; it exists purely in the digital realm.

Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009 by a person (or group) named Satoshi Nakamoto. Little is known about their identity–but more on that later!

Today, Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency, with a market capitalization that far surpasses any other digital currency. It has become a benchmark for the crypto market, influencing the launch of thousands of other cryptocurrencies and ushering in a new era of digital finance.

Key Bitcoin Concepts in Simple Words Cryptocurrency: A type of digital or virtual money that uses cryptography for security, making it difficult to counterfeit. Blockchain: A digital ledger that records all Bitcoin transactions, like a global spreadsheet that everyone can see but no one can tamper with. Wallet: A digital pouch that safely stores your Bitcoin, similar to a virtual bank account. Public and Private Keys: A pair of digital keys where the public key is your Bitcoin address (like an email address) and the private key is your secret password to access and send your Bitcoins. Decentralization: The principle of distributing control across the entire network rather than relying on a central authority, like having a group decision instead of one boss calling the shots. Mining: The process of using computer power to solve complex puzzles, securing the network and creating new Bitcoins as a reward. Satoshi: The smallest unit of Bitcoin, named after its mysterious creator, worth one hundred millionth of a Bitcoin. ‍ BTC: BTC is the abbreviation for Bitcoin typically used when referring to the currency unit in transactions, price listings, and financial discussions. Source: https://www.blockpit.io/en-us/blog/what-is-bitcoin#:~:text=Bitcoin%20is%20a%20cryptocurrency%2C%20a,ledger%20known%20as%20the%20blockchain.

@ 6fff5148:a5dd5cdf

--What Makes Bitcoin Different From Other Currencies? Difference between Bitcoin and Fiat currency like Dollar or Euro When you compare Bitcoin to traditional currencies like dollars, euros, or yen, the contrasts are striking. Traditional currencies are produced and controlled by governments and central banks, available in both physical (coins, bills) and digital forms (bank account numbers).

Bitcoin, however, is not governed or issued by any central authority, making it immune to control by any single government or entity. Its value is not anchored to any physical goods or the economy of a specific country.

Bitcoin operates on a decentralized network, where its transactions are secured and validated by a technology known as blockchain.

Think of the blockchain as a vast, open ledger that records every Bitcoin transaction. This ledger is like a continually updated book that everyone can inspect, but no single person controls.

Each transaction added is permanent and irreversible, creating a transparent and secure history of all transactions.

The blockchain ensures security and trust in the Bitcoin network. It's as if a network of librarians (or computers, in Bitcoin's case) constantly verifies and maintains the records, making sure everything is accurate and agreed upon by everyone.

This decentralized approach makes Bitcoin a global, borderless currency, free from the influence of any single institution. --What Does Decentralized Mean? A decentralized system distributes power and control across multiple points, rather than being concentrated in a single location or managed by a single entity.

Think of it like a network of interconnected villages managing their affairs independently, compared to a central kingdom where a single ruler makes decisions for the entire land.

This approach has several key implications: Autonomy and Control: Users have more control over their transactions and information. There's no central authority to impose restrictions, freeze accounts, or dictate terms. Security and Privacy: Decentralization can enhance security and privacy since there's no single point of failure. Attacks on the system are more difficult because there's not just one central node or database to target. Transparency and Trust: Many decentralized systems, especially those using blockchain technology, are transparent. Transactions are recorded on a public ledger, visible to all participants, which helps in building trust among users. Inclusivity: Decentralized systems can offer more inclusivity by allowing anyone with internet access to participate without needing approval from a central authority. This can be especially important for people in underbanked regions of the world. Innovation and Flexibility: Decentralization encourages innovation and flexibility. Without a central authority making decisions, the system can evolve organically based on the consensus of its users or participants.

@ 4fcac000:d2b37988

В Тюмени завершился масштабный форум, посвященный роли цифровизации в развитии нашего города к 2040 году. Эксперты, представители власти и бизнеса обсудили ключевые аспекты внедрения инновационных технологий, направленных на повышение качества жизни горожан и эффективности городского управления.

На форуме были представлены успешные кейсы использования «умных» решений: от оптимизации транспортных потоков и интеллектуальных систем управления коммунальными службами до персонализированных сервисов в сфере образования и здравоохранения. Участники отметили значительный прогресс, достигнутый Тюменью в сфере цифровизации за последние годы, и обсудили стратегии дальнейшего развития, учитывающие как технологические тенденции, так и социальные аспекты.

Форум «Цифровая Тюмень 2040» продемонстрировал не только достижения, но и амбициозные планы по дальнейшему развитию нашего города, в котором технологии служат на благо каждого жителя. Мы уверены, что Тюмень продолжит быть лидером в сфере внедрения инноваций, делая нашу жизнь более комфортной, безопасной и удобной. #ЦифроваяТюмень #Тюмень2040 #УмныйГород #Инновации

@ 4fcac000:d2b37988

Тюмень преобразилась благодаря новому проекту озеленения, который улучшил качество жизни горожан и украсил город. Мы рады поделиться с вами результатами!

Высажено более 500 тысяч деревьев и кустарников в ключевых локациях Парк Победы: Липы и декоративные яблони для весеннего и осеннего вдохновения. Набережная Туры: Елки и сосны создали уютные тенистые зоны. Центральный сквер: Березы и дубы стали символами прочности. Дворовые территории: Цветущие кустарники — сирень и кизил — превратили дворы в оазисы.

Отметим инновационные подходы. Внедрили автоматическую систему полива и мониторинга состояния почвы для эффективного ухода за растениями.

Жителей Тюмени участвовали в мастер-классах и волонтерских акциях по высадке растений.

🌱 Тюмень 2040 — город, где природа и человек живут в гармонии!

@ 4fcac000:d2b37988

В нашем городе на протяжении 5 лет внедряются инновационные технологии, ориентированные на энергоэффективность и экологичность. Рассмотрим, что нового появилось за этот год!

Энергоэффективные решения: - Силикатные блоки «Поревит»: Обеспечивают отличную теплоизоляцию и экологичность зданий. - Энергосберегающие окна: Снижают теплопотери и предотвращают перегрев. - Современные системы телеметрии: Обеспечивают контроль климатических условий.

Экологичные практики: - Малоэтажное строительство: Проекты, как ЖК «Зеленые аллеи», создают гармоничную атмосферу. - Сохранение ресурсов: Интеграция водоемов и зелени в жилые комплексы. - Закрытые дворы: Повышают безопасность и улучшают качество воздуха.

Напомним, что Тюмень является лидером в России в области экологически чистых технологий. Дальше лучше и больше! Держим планку!

@ 705605d9:b4324038

Сегодня в администрации Горноправдинска царит праздничная атмосфера. Юбилей отмечает заместитель главы по вопросам культуры и молодёжной политики, Сергей Петрович Иванов. Иванову исполняется 50 лет – событие, которое в контексте среднего возраста членов администрации в 67 лет, считается практически юношеским достижением.

Самый молодой член администрации, Сергей Петрович, шутя, называет себя "юным стажёром" среди опытных коллег. Самой старшей в команде является Валентина Николаевна Вяткина, которой уже 80 лет. Однако, благодаря значительно улучшенной экологической обстановке в Горноправдинске и уникальному сотрудничеству с крупными медицинскими центрами столицы, предоставляющими передовые методы противодействия старению, Валентина Николаевна сохраняет активность, отличное здоровье и оптимизм.

"Секрет молодости - в чистом воздухе, качественной молочной продукции и своевременной профилактике, - делится секретом Валентина Николаевна. - Благодаря нашим тесным связям со столицей, мы имеем доступ к самым передовым медицинским технологиям, что позволяет нам поддерживать высокий уровень жизни и работоспособности в любом возрасте."

Юбилей Сергея Петровича стал прекрасным поводом еще раз подчеркнуть уникальную атмосферу в администрации Горноправдинска, где опыт старшего поколения гармонично сочетается с энергией молодых специалистов, создавая сплоченную и эффективную команду. Администрация пожелала Сергею Петровичу здоровья, творческих успехов и многих лет плодотворной работы на благо Горноправдинска.

@ 599f67f7:21fb3ea9

Veamos nuevamente la transacción de compromiso de Alice. Esta gasta de la transacción de financiación y tiene dos salidas: una salida to_local y una salida to_remote.

to_remote

La salida to_remote es simplemente un P2WPKH enviando a la clave pública de Bob.

<remotepubkey>

to_local

La salida to_local tiene 2 caminos de gasto.

1. Una <revocationpubkey>
2. Una clave pública que pertenece a Alice pero que solo se puede gastar después del número de bloques to_self_delay.

OP_IF # Transacción de penalización <revocationpubkey> OP_ELSE `to_self_delay` OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY OP_DROP <local_delayedpubkey> OP_ENDIF OP_CHECKSIG

En el Capítulo 2, describimos la revocación de la siguiente manera:

1. Alice genera una clave privada temporal dA1 y una clave pública correspondiente PA1 y envía la clave pública a Bob.
2. Alice luego crea una transacción de compromiso donde la salida to_local es inmediatamente gastable por Bob si tiene la clave privada dA1.
3. Si Alice y Bob actualizan el estado de su canal, entonces intercambiarán las claves privadas anteriores entre sí para invalidar el compromiso anterior, es decir, Alice enviará a Bob dA1.

Esta descripción es mayormente correcta pero no completa. Si echamos un vistazo nuevamente al script to_self_delay anterior, parece que el camino de revocación no tiene ninguna condición que diga que solo Bob puede gastarlo. Simplemente parece que cualquiera con la clave privada correspondiente a la clave pública de revocación puede gastarlo. Dado que Alice es quien generó la clave privada temporal en primer lugar, ¿no significa eso que también puede gastarlo?

Se utiliza un truco ingenioso para asegurarse de que solo Bob pueda gastar a través del camino de revocación. Antes de construir las transacciones de compromiso, tanto Alice como Bob derivan dos claves temporales y claves públicas asociadas.
1. Un par de claves revocation_basepoint (r -> R)
2. Un par de claves per_commitment_point (c -> C)

En otras palabras, Alice tendrá:
- su par de claves revocation_basepoint: rA1 -> RA1
- su par de claves per_commitment_point: cA1 -> CA1

Bob tendrá:
- su par de claves revocation_basepoint: rB1 -> RB1
- su par de claves per_commitment_point: cB1 -> CB1

Ahora, cuando sea el momento de que Alice construya la transacción de compromiso, enviará a Bob su clave pública del punto de compromiso CA1. Bob le enviará su clave pública del punto base de revocación RB1. Alice ahora puede derivar la clave pública de revocación que se incluirá en la transacción de compromiso de la siguiente manera:

Rev_A1 = R_B1 * sha256( R_B1 || C_A1 ) + C_A1 * sha256( C_A1 || R_B1 )

Ahora la salida to_local de Alice se ve así:

OP_IF <Rev_A1> OP_ELSE `to_self_delay` OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY OP_DROP <alice_delayedpubkey> OP_ENDIF OP_CHECKSIG

Cuando sea el momento de que Alice y Bob actualicen el estado e invaliden el estado antiguo, Alice envía a Bob su clave privada para el punto de compromiso cA1. Con esta clave, Bob ahora tiene tanto la clave privada del punto de compromiso de Alice cA1 como su propia clave privada del punto base de revocación rB1, que corresponde a la clave pública RB1 que le envió a Alice anteriormente cuando Alice estaba construyendo la transacción de compromiso. Así que ahora, con estas dos piezas de información, Bob puede derivar la clave privada correspondiente a la clave pública Rev_A1 y, por lo tanto, gastar a través de la salida de revocación. Puede calcular la clave privada de la siguiente manera:

rev_A1 = r_B1 * sha256( R_B1 || C_A1 ) + c_A1 * sha256( C_A1 || R_B1 )

Alice nunca podrá derivar esta clave privada porque no tiene y nunca tendrá la clave privada del punto base de revocación de Bob rB1.

Ahora actualicemos los diagramas del Capítulo 2 para reflejar las nuevas cosas que hemos aprendido en este capítulo.

Estado 1:

Estado 2:

Revisión

• Dos pares de claves se generan al construir las transacciones de compromiso
• Se necesitan las claves privadas de ambos pares de claves para poder gastar desde el camino de revocación

Referencias

• BOLT3: Derivación de revocationpubkey
• LN Things Part 3: Revocation in more detail por nostr:nprofile1qqswrt9pnxatlplu49h6meld8svmwqt87wwvk256rqk07n6eu4qeh5gpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduqs6amnwvaz7tmwdaejumr0dszpfjtz

@ 9ff58691:0bf6c134

Друзья, подводим итоги невероятно насыщенного и успешного спортивного года в нашем любимом городе Кургане!

🏆 Курган принимал сразу несколько крупных международных соревнований в 2040 году. Главным событием стал Чемпионат мира по биатлону, который прошел на обновленной спортивной базе "Снежинка". Наши спортсмены показали выдающиеся результаты, завоевав 7 золотых медалей!

🥇 Кроме того, Курган стал местом проведения финала Кубка мира по фигурному катанию. Зрители стали свидетелями захватывающих выступлений мировых звезд этого вида спорта. Особенно запомнился триумф нашей юной фигуристки Анны Соколовой, которая впервые в карьере завоевала золотую медаль на столь престижном турнире.

🏃‍♀️ Не отстают и наши легкоатлеты. Курганские бегуны и бегуньи неоднократно поднимались на пьедестал почета на этапах Бриллиантовой лиги. Особенно впечатляющими были победы Максима Петрова на дистанциях 5000 и 10000 метров. "Для меня большая честь представлять Курган на международной арене. Я горжусь, что могу добиваться успехов в родном городе, который так активно развивает спортивную инфраструктуру и поддерживает своих атлетов", - комментирует Максим Петров.

🏅 Визитной карточкой Кургана в 2040 году стали выступления наших паралимпийцев. Спортсмены с ограниченными возможностями здоровья завоевали рекордное количество медалей на Играх в Токио, доказав всему миру, что Курган - это город безграничных возможностей.

🌟 Кроме того, Курган принимал у себя многих знаменитых спортсменов. Здесь проводили тренировочные сборы олимпийские чемпионы по лыжным гонкам, а легендарный футболист Криштиану Роналдо-младший провел мастер-класс для юных футболистов нашего города.

Курган по праву может гордиться своими спортивными достижениями в 2040 году! Уверены, что в следующем году нас ждут новые победы и яркие спортивные события.

Автор: Елизавета Медведева

@ 9ff58691:0bf6c134

В Кургане состоялось долгожданное открытие новой технологичной школы, которая уже приняла первых учеников. Это современное учебное заведение, расположенное в 12 микрорайоне, оснащено новейшим оборудованием в классах и спортзале, что создает уникальные условия для обучения. Школа, рассчитанная на 1500 мест, предлагает физико-математический профиль и оборудована интерактивными досками, лабораториями с потолочными системами для практических занятий и современными тренажерами в спортзале. Директор школы Наталья Аборина отметила, что новое оборудование позволит ученикам развивать свои навыки и творческий потенциал. Учебный процесс уже начался, и ученики с энтузиазмом осваивают новые технологии. В школе созданы комфортные условия для обучения, включая просторные классы и спортивные площадки, что делает её привлекательной для детей и родителей. Новый образовательный центр стал важным шагом в развитии инфраструктуры Кургана и обеспечит качественное образование для будущих поколений.

Автор: Эвелина Тимирбаева

@ 9ff58691:0bf6c134

В современном мире, где технологии и инновации развиваются с невероятной скоростью, система образования должна адаптироваться к новым вызовам. В Кургане, как и во всем мире, образование проходит через значительные изменения, направленные на подготовку будущих поколений к успеху в быстро меняющемся мире.

Новые подходы к обучению В Курганских школах и университетах уже можно увидеть новые подходы к обучению. Например, внедрение виртуальной и дополненной реальности (VR/AR) позволяет студентам погрузиться в интерактивные и иммерсивные учебные процессы. Это не только делает обучение более интересным, но и позволяет студентам лучше понять сложные концепции.

Фокус на навыках будущего Образовательные учреждения Кургана также уделяют особое внимание развитию навыков, необходимых для успеха в будущем. Это включает в себя такие навыки, как критическое мышление, креативность, сотрудничество и адаптивность. Студенты учатся работать в команде, решать сложные проблемы и адаптироваться к новым ситуациям.

Индивидуализированное обучение Технологии также позволяют учителям индивидуализировать обучение для каждого студента. С помощью данных и аналитики, учителя могут определить сильные и слабые стороны каждого студента и разработать персонализированные учебные планы.

Партнерство с бизнесом и сообществом Образовательные учреждения Кургана также партнерские отношения с бизнесом и сообществом. Это позволяет студентам получить практический опыт и применить свои знания в реальных проектах.

В Кургане, как и во всем мире, образование проходит через значительные изменения. Но одна вещь остается неизменной - цель образования: подготовить будущие поколения к успеху в быстро меняющемся мире.

Автор: София Багирова

@ 32092ec1:8e9fd13a

As one does when spending the vast majority of their social media time on Nostr, I find myself wondering, why are so many bitcoiners, in particular, not taking Nostr more seriously; what are they missing here? Are they just algo and attention whores who can’t stomach coming to a new platform and being held accountable for posting valuable content? Are they really thinking that by posting on twitter that they are “onboarding the normies”? Were they scared off because the tech wasn’t good in the really early days of Nostr?

It's funny because I also, obviously, think a lot about certain groups of people who also refuse to get into bitcoin in any kind of serious way. Like why isn’t every single libertarian a hard core bitcoiner? How are the gold bugs not getting the value prop that bitcoin is offering? It’s the most powerful weapon that we have ever had to combat war, excessive government spending, money printing, inflation and central banking. I’ve also been listening to some of the people who you would think would be into bitcoin, but somehow only believe in Monero…? hard core Monero maxis? Really?

In a recent interview with Natalie Brunell, Michael Saylor was asked about bitcoin as a store of value asset vs a currency:

“Currency not worth that much… If I said to the richest guy in the world… ‘Hey I have this little token and you can use it to buy coffee, and you don’t have to pay 2% to Visa, you can pay one Satoshi; how much of it do you want to buy?’ ‘Well, I guess I could buy 0.00001% of my wealth…’”

Another good point here by Saylor that helped me connect a couple more dots here.

If bitcoin were not scarce, if it did not comply with Austrian Economic principles, would it be actively taking over the world right now? Would it have grown past its silk road phase of adoption? I’ll speak for myself here, but I know that this is also true for the vast majority of bitcoiners, I came to bitcoin for the Number go Up (NgU) but became passionate about bitcoin for its Freedom go Up (FgU) technology. I was never a Silk Road user and I would have almost certainty stayed within my early conception of bitcoin, which was to equate it to World of Warcraft gold, if I didn’t watch it melt faces as a store of value asset.

But the fact remains that bitcoin is freedom tech. Bitcoin has the potential to increase freedom and sovereignty in a massive way. Will everyone on earth have a UTXO? Probably not. But in the current financial system how many sovereigns are there really? 1? 5? 10? The fact that you have to have defenses strong enough to protect your physical assets (buildings, gold, infrastructure, etc.) in order to protect your wealth, means that only those with the largest militaries in the world can withstand the kinds of attacks that I can easily withstand with a $150 air gapped signing device. Bitcoin is minting sovereigns by the thousands, millions perhaps. But is this why bitcoin adoption is on the rise?

The user experience on Nostr is improving at a rate that has never been seen in any new ecosystem on the internet. I believe that by being open source and interoperable, Nostr tech will win out over centralized platforms. Not just in social media, but in so many other internet applications as well. “Sign in with Nostr” will be the default someday and you will no longer need to sign up for an account for literally every single app in your pocket. You will never again be asked rebuild your contact list or your follower list in order to stay in touch with your friends and family. We are definitely still early to bitcoin, but we are much, much earlier to Nostr.

But the point remains that Nostr is freedom tech. The decentralized nature of relays means that even if I am being censored by one relay, I will always have access to another relay that will not censor me, and I will never again be in a situation where my freedom to speak will be threatened in a serious way. My freedom to hear other points of view, other opinions, contrarian science, foreign concepts, perspectives from other cultures, will never again be taken away. But is this why Nostr will win?

So back to my original question, what gives? Why are more people not coming into bitcoin or Nostr strictly for the freedom tech? I believe the answer is related to censorship. As much as we all know the level to which we can be censored, how many individuals are actively being censored in a major way right now?

When, by governmental decree, the Canadian truckers went from normal law-abiding citizens to being labeled terrorists who needed to be closed off from transacting using the banking system, bitcoin was one of the few escape valves. But if we are being honest, there were a lot of crypto projects that would have offered the same escape valve, including Monero, where they may not have been in a situation where on-chain surveillance companies could be used to track people down. Also, I would have to imagine that cash, as in paper notes and coins, were probably the most widely used way to transact when they were shut off from their bank accounts.

When Twitter kicked Donald Trump, the sitting president of the United States, off of their platform, what were his options? If Nostr existed in its current form, maybe he would have built his own Truth Social Nostr client… it certainly would have cost less to spin up and would have allowed him to start with a bigger user base. But that was literally one person who was censored. How many YouTube channels have been censored? thousands, millions? How many of them had a bad enough experience to leave their subscribers behind? And how many YouTube channels were not censored?

Censorship has been on the rise in a major way over the last several decades. And while some are finally getting the picture that moving to another centralized platform that can also censor them maybe isn’t the best solution, this isn’t happening in a major way to the masses. But censorship can, and it very well may, start happening in a much more significant way in the future… possibly even the near future.

So, if Michael Saylor asks his billionaire buddies how much they would pay to transact freely when they are actively being censored financially, I bet they would answer that question about freedom money a lot differently. And if big tech platforms start censoring their users by the tens or hundreds of millions, I bet that even the normies would see the value of Nostr and the ability to communicate freely.

The good news though, is that I believe we may be moving into a world that is pushing back against the censorship industrial complex. Maybe in 10 years, money and media will be less censored, not more. If that is the case, currency would remain a terrible investment and twitter would remain a public square. But the fact is, that bitcoin and Nostr will both still win in that environment because of their other characteristics. Bitcoin offers inviolable absolute scarcity, something that asset holders have never had access to in the history of humankind. The open-source internet technology that allows social graphs to travel with its users (Nostr) will win because the tech is better, and the user experience is better than its centralized competitors.

Bitcoin and Nostr are freedom tech and they will almost certainly be a major factor in improving freedom around the world. But I believe that they will win because of their better user experience. Bitcoin offers a store of value that no one can violate. Nostr allows builders to capitalize on the advancements of every other builder in the space, meaning that if an open-source feature is rolled out on one client, all the clients will magically have access to that feature.

We’re gonna win freaks. Stay humble, stack sats and zap notes.

871493

@ 6bae33c8:607272e8

Sometimes when you have too much invested in the games, not so much financially, but emotionally, you forget to enjoy them. But with my one share of Jaylen Warren and Elijah Moore and having sat Cedric Tillman for Jonnu Smith contra the FantasyPros rankings, this wasn’t a huge one for me, so once the snow kicked in, I just allowed myself to watch as a fan. NFL snow games take you back to somewhere, whether it was Thanksgiving Day at your Uncle’s house in Michigan or Christmas break in New York when you were home from college. Everything is okay because there’s a game on, and in that game it is snowing

I also had the Browns +3.5 in my picking pool — such an obvious spot to fade the Steelers off their huge win against the Ravens before traveling on a short week.

• The Browns offensive line really protected Jameis Winston well. He looked sharp enough in tough conditions against a good defense, the pick notwithstanding. In fact, the pick was on 3rd-and-10 and wasn’t even that bad. He also fumbled, again in tough conditions, but led them on the game-winning drive in the final minute.

• Jerry Jeudy is emerging as Winston’s top target, though Tillman left early with a concussion. The Browns have good receivers including David Njoku.

• It was a slog for Nick Chubb, but he scored twice and is looking more like himself.

• Jaylen Warren looked much shiftier than Najee Harris and also caught three passes and ran for the TD. It was a throwback to last year where sometimes Harris got the work, but Warren scored the points.

• The Steelers have George Pickens, speed merchant Calvin Austin and not much else. Pat Freiermuth is decent, but Van Jefferson is maybe the worst No. 2 in the league. No idea why Mike Williams hasn’t been involved for two games.

• Russell Wilson was okay, but he’s yielding short yardage to Justin Fields now, and it’s not like Wilson had much value anyway. The Browns got a lot more heat than the Steelers did.

@ 3f0702fa:66db56f1

В 2040 году наш город стал участником федеральной программы «Чистая вода», направленной на улучшение качества водоснабжения и водоотведения. Давайте подробнее рассмотрим, как именно Курган реализует этот проект.

1. Обновление водопроводной системы. В рамках программы «Чистая вода» в Кургане проводится масштабное обновление водопроводной сети. Зависит от температуры в помещении, что позволяет снизить потери воды и улучшить ее качество. Это особенно важно для обеспечения надежного водоснабжения во всех пригородах города.

2. Современные очистные сооружения. Курган также инвестирует в современные очистные сооружения. Новые технологии позволяют эффективно очищать сточную воду и минимизировать ее воздействие на окружающую среду. Это соглашение подтверждает состояние реки и водоемов региона.

3. Контроль качества воды В рамках программы применяются современные системы контроля качества воды. Специальные датчики и лаборатории позволяют контролировать состояние водоснабжения и реагировать на возможные проблемы. Это обеспечивает безопасность питьевой воды для жителей.

4. Сотрудничество с федеральными органами управления Курганская область тесно сотрудничает с федеральными властями для реализации программы «Чистая вода». Это сотрудничество позволяет получить дополнительные средства и ресурсы для улучшения водоснабжения и водоотведения в странах.

45news

Курган2040

@ fff19d35:43344a0b

Guys are you readyyyyyy💃💃💃🎉🎉🎉 I’m very excited about the LIVE STREAM EVENT that is taking place today at 5pm Nigerian time see don’t sleep on this, it’s going to be an amazing ULTIMATE MEETUP😍❗️ where you will learn and meet so many wonderful people, please and please be present don’t let anyone gist you ooo😍 I love you guys 🥰🥰❤️💋

@ a012dc82:6458a70d

Table Of Content

• Content

• Conclusion

• FAQ

• You May Also Like

• External Links

Bitcoin, a novel kind of digital currency, has seen a meteoric rise in popularity in recent years. Bitcoin is built on a decentralized peer-to-peer network that facilitates instant and secure money transfers between users without the need for a central authority or bank to act as a middleman, unlike conventional currencies produced and controlled by central banks. It uses encryption to verify the legitimacy of each transaction on the network, guaranteeing the safety of all financial data exchanged. All of these exchanges are also recorded in a public ledger that can be accessed by anyone on the network.

Nonetheless, despite this surge in popularity, it is still just as volatile as any other cryptocurrency. This begs the question: Will bitcoin still be a viable investment in 2023?

For those who have considered Bitcoin as a potential investment but are still unsure, this article is for you. In this post, we'll analyze Bitcoin's price history in detail and provide our thoughts on where you can get started with Bitcoin trading.

Is Bitcoin a Good Buy? An Overview

Whether you're trying to evaluate whether Bitcoin is a good investment or if you should purchase it, you should look at its price history.

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that operates on a peer-to-peer network and boasts of being the most decentralized digital money available. Also, Bitcoin's popularity as Bitcoin gold is rising. This is the case because of its indestructibility and limited availability.

This means that governments have no authority over Bitcoin or its use.Since Bitcoin's value is not tied to any one person or institution, it is extraordinarily resistant to manipulation and fraud.

When compared to fiat currencies, which can be readily inflated at the whim of central banks and governments, it is evident that Bitcoin genuinely offers a unique sort of monetary independence, especially considering that only 21 million Bitcoins are expected to be in circulation. That's about as near as we've gotten to digital gold as a civilization.

Yet, despite these solid underpinnings, is Bitcoin a good cryptocurrency to invest in?

Bitcoin is notable for being one of the few cryptocurrencies that is gaining acceptance by institutional investors, in addition to its utility as a currency and the potential to become a store of value. Due to its potential for mass adoption, Bitcoin is among the most promising digital currencies in terms of future price appreciation.

Bitcoin’s performance from inception to today

Researching the cryptocurrency's price history is crucial prior to making a purchase. Knowing this may help you predict its potential future course.

Bitcoin was first imagined in 2008 but didn't debut until 2009. From January 2009 until July 2010, when it reached a high of $0.008 per share, it traded at zero. In August of that year, it hit $0.08. The rate of growth slowed until April of 2013, when it finally reached $250.

However, it wasn't until Bitcoin reached a record high of $20,000 in December 2017 that the cryptocurrency became a worldwide sensation. Despite a pullback in 2018, Bitcoin continued its ascent in 2020, reaching a new high of $69,000 in November 2021.

Despite Bitcoin's re-entry into a bear market in 2022, early investors still stand to make hundreds of percentage points. Those who risked even $1,000 on Bitcoin in 2010 are now sitting on multimillion-dollar fortunes.

Bitcoin Price

So far, you have a solid sense of whether or not Bitcoin is a viable cryptocurrency to invest in for the year 2023. Bitcoin has been on an upward trend from 2009 until 2022, with some dips in between.

For the better part of 2022, Bitcoin followed the trend of the rest of the financial markets and suffered from the same problems that they did, including the conflict in Ukraine and the surge in inflation that slowed the global economy.

Bitcoin is selling above $19,000 in October 2022, and there have been no immediate signals of a severe correction.

Bitcoin highs and lows

We have tracked Bitcoin's price history from its introduction to the market till now.

However, to help you understand, let's review Bitcoin's price trend briefly.

• When Bitcoin first appeared online in 2009, its value was $0.

• In July 2010, Bitcoin was officially recognized as currency at a price of $0.0008.

• In April 2013, the price of Bitcoin reaches $250 for the first time.

• In December 2017, Bitcoin reached an all-time high of $20,000, making it the most expensive digital currency in the world at the time.

• Bitcoin's price drops to $3000 by the end of 2018 after entering a bear market in January 2018.

• In November 2021, Bitcoin will reach its highest price ever, at $69,00.

• Bitcoin falls to $19000 in October 2022 after a prolonged bear run throughout the year.

You can see whether Bitcoin is a suitable cryptocurrency to invest in for 2023 based on its price movement. You should only invest the amount of money that you can afford to lose, since there are dangers associated with cryptocurrency investments.

Bitcoin Price Forecast

You should recognize that all Bitcoin price projections are speculative before you determine whether or not Bitcoin is a viable investment. However, given that they are based on both fundamental and technical research, these forecasts should be seen as wild guesses rather than hard facts.

Many experts in the cryptocurrency business predict that Bitcoin's price will rise in 2023. The median estimate for Bitcoin's price in 2023 is $30,000, Bitcoin is predicted to fare well in the long run, although this time horizon is rather distant. Experts predict that by 2025, the price of bitcoin will have risen to $200,000 or more.

So is Bitcoin a good investment?

Bitcoin, being the first successful cryptocurrency, saw its popularity grow at a faster rate than its competitors. Because of this, it has gained popularity, particularly in authoritative circles. Because of this, its worth could increase over time.

Bitcoin's value is based, primarily, on how scarce it is. Because only 21 million bitcoins will ever be created and sold on the market, its value will only rise as demand outstrips supply.Because of this, it has attracted a lot of attention from investors who want to obtain a piece of the rapidly growing cryptocurrency sector.

Bitcoin's distinctive mix of scarcity and usability is what will continue to attract new buyers. Profits from trading this more precious commodity are expected to rise as long as demand rises.

To help you evaluate Bitcoin's investing potential, we've listed some of the cryptocurrency's most fundamental applications below.

• Bitcoin is useful for regular transactions. Given the decentralized nature of peer-to-peer transactions, no central authority could possibly regulate these settlements.

• Bitcoin, due to its limited supply, has the potential to serve as a currency equivalent to gold.

• Due to its decentralized character, Bitcoin works well as a medium of exchange and savings.

Because Bitcoin is decentralized, some governments, headed by El Salvador, have begun using it as their official currency. That's why I think Bitcoin's future is so bright.

Where to Buy Bitcoin

In 2023, if you still want to invest in Bitcoin, make sure you do it via a reliable cryptocurrency exchange. Your protection from online thieves would be enhanced if you kept your Bitcoin in a secure cryptocurrency wallet.

eToro – Top Broker to Invest in Bitcoin in 2023

When it comes to the bitcoin market, eToro is a major player. More than 20 million individuals throughout the world utilize eToro, demonstrating the service's reliability. One reason to trust eToro, a cryptocurrency broker, is that it is governed by a recognized authority. Thus, you may be certain that your funds are secure at all times. U.S., U.K., Cypriot, and Australian authorities have all approved eToro for use.

eToro also provides the flexibility of accepting a variety of payment methods for both deposits and withdrawals. There are a wide variety of payment options available to you today, including wire transfers, debit cards, and e-wallet services like PayPal, Skrill, and Neteller.

Also, eToro is great since it accepts deposits of quite modest sums. You may start an account with eToro with as little as $50 and make transactions for as little as $10. You may buy a small yet diversified portfolio of 5 different cryptocurrencies for less than $50.

It's also worth noting that eToro provides a secure place to keep your crypto. Since your Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are stored in an encrypted eToro wallet, you can rest certain that they are always safe in your possession.

Should I Buy Bitcoin?

Bitcoin's increasing popularity hasn't changed the fact that it's a very unstable digital currency. Thus, you may still be wondering, is Bitcoin a smart investment in 2023?

Let's take a look at some of the primary benefits of Bitcoin so you can make an educated choice.

• Since there are only a fixed number of Bitcoin, the price will rise in tandem with demand.

• Strategic institutions like governments and multinational organizations are increasingly adopting cryptocurrencies like bitcoin.

• Bitcoin's high degree of security, when used to establish smart contracts, might help it capture a portion of the smart contracts industry.

Bitcoin is an excellent investment in principle, but the significant volatility of its price makes it risky. However, the fact that the volatility is so high implies that the potential for gains is also exponential. Plus, the risk is acceptable since eToro lets you put in as little as $10 to purchase cryptocurrency.

Conclusion

To find out whether Bitcoin is still a smart investment in 2023, we've covered all the bases in this essay. We have discussed why Bitcoin is a good investment, citing its rising popularity and decreasing number of coins.

However, there are a plethora of other cryptocurrencies available for purchase if you want to diversify your Bitcoin holdings. Look for small-market-cap cryptocurrencies with solid use cases to maximize your return on investment. Such alternative cryptocurrencies often beat Bitcoin by a substantial amount during bull markets, when fear of missing out (FOMO) is at its maximum.

FAQs

What do you think? Should I purchase Bitcoin in 2023? Bitcoin is a popular but limited cryptocurrency, and its value is increasing due to increased demand from investors and merchants. That bodes well for its expansion chances in the year 2023. Indeed, Bitcoin investments will be prudent in the year 2023.

Approximately how much will one Bitcoin cost in the year 2023? Nobody knows what the future holds for Bitcoin's price, but experts predict it will reach $30,000 by 2023.

Is it safe to put money into Bitcoin? Bitcoin stands out among other digital currencies because of its decentralized nature. Now that authorities' attention has shifted to the cryptocurrency sector, it's one of the safer cryptocurrencies to invest in.

That's all for today

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@ da2683b9:54eedc2c

In today's era of rapid information development, blockchain technology, with its unique decentralized characteristics, is gradually changing the way we understand and use data. However, with the widespread application of blockchain technology, the importance of protecting its communication security has become increasingly prominent. When we talk about security, in addition to firewalls and encryption technology, active interference technology has gradually entered our field of vision.

Signal jammer can be said to be the first line of defense to maintain the security of blockchain communications. Imagine that in a business environment full of competition and confidentiality, the risk of data theft is omnipresent. Some criminals may use technical means such as eavesdropping to obtain confidential information, and signal jammers are equivalent to setting up an invisible barrier between these eavesdroppers and the target.

Among the many application scenarios of blockchain, the popularity of smart contracts and automated transactions has made us increasingly dependent on positioning technology. Imagine that if an illegal element manages to interfere with our GPS signal, the positioning information may be tampered with, thereby affecting the security of the entire transaction.

The working principle of gps scrambler is to affect the GPS system by sending noise signals, thereby avoiding accidental data tampering during drone delivery and transportation. For example, in a certain advanced automatic delivery service, GPS jammers can ensure that drones are not interfered with when performing tasks, so that data transmission remains secure, thereby ensuring that the privacy and interests of users are not violated.

Drones are like fish in water in modern business. However, it is precisely because of the convenience and efficiency of drones that security issues also arise. Drone jammers are like umbrellas in the sky, which can not only prevent unidentified drones from intruding, but also provide strong protection for application systems equipped with blockchain technology.

For example, some companies use drones to track and monitor products to ensure the safe circulation of products. The use of jamming the jammer drone adds a layer of security to such operations, ensuring that the transmitted data will not be maliciously intercepted. In certain specific occasions, such as military exercises or large-scale events, the use of drone jammers can avoid the illegal entry of certain drones and help maintain the security of important data.

Finally, we have to talk about high-power jammers. It is a device that strongly interferes with a specific frequency band and can effectively block signal communications within the surrounding range. This is particularly important in some highly confidential occasions, especially in highly confidential places such as government and military.

When it comes to critical blockchain communications, the application of high-power jammers can effectively prevent external interference, thereby ensuring the integrity of the data. For example, in military exercises, in order to ensure the absolute confidentiality of combat information and communication security, the use of high power jammer can easily block any interference from external signals, making the communication process impeccable.

As blockchain continues to develop, security is particularly important. The evolving jamming technology actively escorts our communication security. These technologies are not just protective tools, they are also important partners in ensuring our safe transactions and information communications. With the development of technology, I believe that there will be more innovations in the future to provide more solid protection for our blockchain world.

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

За последние годы множество компаний начали массовое производство жилых и коммерческих зданий с помощью 3D-принтеров, что не только упростило процесс строительства, но и сделало его гораздо более доступным. Отдельные компании в рамках городских инициатив разработали ряд проектов по использованию местных материалов, что дополнительного оптимизировало затраты и способствовало развитию «зеленого» строительства.

По сути 3D-печать зданий позволяет сократить время, необходимое для возведения новых объектов, до нескольких недель. Высокая точность печати также улучшает качество, устраняя множество традиционных рисков, связанных с человеческим фактором. Такие методы строительства не требуют значительных инвестиций в рабочую силу, что, в конечном итоге, отражается на конечной цене жилья.

«Ожидается, что с ростом внедрения адаптивного производства в строительстве цены на недвижимость в Москве могут снизиться на 30-50%», — утверждает ведущий эксперт по недвижимости, Анна Смирнова. По ее словам, это сделает жилье более доступным для большинства населения, что, в свою очередь, повысит уровень жизни граждан.

Подобные изменения уже начинают влиять на рынок аренды. Студенты, молодые семьи и люди с ограниченным бюджетом теперь могут рассчитывать на качественное жилье по более низким ценам. Более того, новые стандарты строительства позволяют создавать жилые комплексы, которые отличаются высокой энергоэффективностью и долговечностью, что делает их более экономичными в эксплуатации.

Столичные власти уже запустили ряд пилотных проектов по строительству жилищных комплексов с использованием нового вида печати, планируя активно внедрять инновации в городское планирование. В рамках этой программы предполагается создание первых «умных» кварталов, где жилье будет интегрировано с современными технологиями и благоприятной городской средой.

3D-печать зданий на сегодняшний день не только кардинально меняет облик Москвы, но и прорывает дыры в традиционном понимании рынка недвижимости, делая его более гибким и адаптивным к потребностям граждан. В ближайшие десятилетия столица может стать не только центром инноваций, но и образцом доступного и качественного жилья.

Автор: Карина Шаповалова

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

В Москве открылся дайвинг-клуб "River", который отличается своим уникальным оборудованием и качеством предоставляемых услуг:

Во-первых, инструкторы предлагают начинающим дайвингистам использовать для погружение в воду безопасные аппараты, которые оснащены современными технологиями и системами безопасности. Благодаря такой разработке любители подводного мира смогут погрузиться в реку на глубину до 100 метров. Также при посещении клуба у каждого будет возможность поучаствовать в подводных экспедициях в разных климатических зонах, включая тропические и арктические воды. Это станет вполне достигаемым , так как новое оборудование создано для разных природных условий.

Во-вторых, в клубе активно внедряются в работу технологии виртуальной и дополненной реальности, поэтому дайвингистам выпадает шанс попасть на захватывающие и реалистичные подводные экскурсии. Помимо этого "River" предоставляет доступ к подводным отелям и ресторанам, где посетители смогут насладиться красотами водоемов и попробовать блюда с морепродуктами.

По прогнозам департамента физической культуры Москвы дайвинг в ближайшие десятилетия сможет войти в топ-5 востребованных видов спорта в Москве. Для достижения этой цели предложено много инициатив. Одна из них - сотрудничество дайвинг-центров с крупными университетами города. Это поможет организовать просветительскую деятельность для жителей Москвы. Станет возможным проведение бесплатных научных семинаров на тему безопасности и правилам поведения в воде, а также будут предоставлены дополнительные занятия по изучению подводного мира Москвы, что в будущем поможет привести к открытию новых видов морских обитателей и пониманию их роли в экосистеме региона.

Автор: Дарья Воронина

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

Содержание сюжета:

В Москве открылся дайвинг-клуб "River", который отличается своим уникальным оборудованием и качеством предоставляемых услуг:

Во-первых, инструкторы предлагают начинающим дайвингистам использовать для погружение в воду безопасные аппараты, которые оснащены современными технологиями и системами безопасности. Благодаря такой разработке любители подводного мира смогут погрузиться в реку на глубину до 100 метров. Также при посещении клуба у каждого будет возможность поучаствовать в подводных экспедициях в разных климатических зонах, включая тропические и арктические воды. Это станет вполне достигаемым , так как новое оборудование создано для разных природных условий.

Во-вторых, в клубе активно внедряются в работу технологии виртуальной и дополненной реальности, поэтому дайвингистам выпадает шанс попасть на захватывающие и реалистичные подводные экскурсии. Помимо этого "River" предоставляет доступ к подводным отелям и ресторанам, где посетители смогут насладиться красотами водоемов и попробовать блюда с морепродуктами.

По прогнозам департамента физической культуры Москвы дайвинг в ближайшие десятилетия сможет войти в топ-5 востребованных видов спорта в Москве. Для достижения этой цели предложено много инициатив. Одна из них - сотрудничество дайвинг-центров с крупными университетами города. Это поможет организовать просветительскую деятельность для жителей Москвы. Станет возможным проведение бесплатных научных семинаров на тему безопасности и правилам поведения в воде, а также будут предоставлены дополнительные занятия по изучению подводного мира Москвы, что в будущем поможет привести к открытию новых видов морских обитателей и пониманию их роли в экосистеме региона.

Автор: Дарья Воронина

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

Содержание сюжета:

В Москве открылся дайвинг-клуб "River", который отличается своим уникальным оборудованием и качеством предоставляемых услуг:

Во-первых, инструкторы предлагают начинающим дайвингистам использовать для погружение в воду безопасные аппараты, которые оснащены современными технологиями и системами безопасности. Благодаря такой разработке любители подводного мира смогут погрузиться в реку на глубину до 100 метров. Также при посещении клуба у каждого будет возможность поучаствовать в подводных экспедициях в разных климатических зонах, включая тропические и арктические воды. Это станет вполне достигаемым , так как новое оборудование создано для разных природных условий.

Во-вторых, в клубе активно внедряются в работу технологии виртуальной и дополненной реальности, поэтому дайвингистам выпадает шанс попасть на захватывающие и реалистичные подводные экскурсии. Помимо этого "River" предоставляет доступ к подводным отелям и ресторанам, где посетители смогут насладиться красотами водоемов и попробовать блюда с морепродуктами.

По прогнозам департамента физической культуры Москвы дайвинг в ближайшие десятилетия сможет войти в топ-5 востребованных видов спорта в Москве. Для достижения этой цели предложено много инициатив. Одна из них - сотрудничество дайвинг-центров с крупными университетами города. Это поможет организовать просветительскую деятельность для жителей Москвы. Станет возможным проведение бесплатных научных семинаров на тему безопасности и правилам поведения в воде, а также будут предоставлены дополнительные занятия по изучению подводного мира Москвы, что в будущем поможет привести к открытию новых видов морских обитателей и пониманию их роли в экосистеме региона.

Автор: Дарья Воронина

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

В центре столицы продолжается активная работа по перераспределению жилых территорий, что обещает кардинально изменить облик Москвы в ближайшие годы. В рамках нового градостроительного проекта, утвержденного мэрией, запланировано снос ряда устаревших и аварийных зданий с последующим строительством современных жилых комплексов.

Согласно информации, предоставленной городской администрацией, а также экспертами в сфере градостроительства, планируется высвободить уже устаревшие жилые площади и на их месте возводить новые кварталы, соответствующие современным стандартам качества и комфорта. Проект подразумевает создание не только жилых зданий, но и общественных пространств — парков, детских площадок и торговых площади, что сделает новые микрорайоны более удобными для жизни.

«Мы стремимся к созданию качественной городской среды, где каждый житель сможет наслаждаться комфортом и безопасностью», — подчеркнул заместитель мэра по строительству и градостроительной политике, Артем Соколов. Он отметил, что новые кварталы будут построены с использованием экологичных технологий и материалов, а также внедрением смарт-решений, способствующих энергоэффективности.

Снос старых зданий будет проходить поэтапно и с учетом мнения жителей. В рамках программы планируется проведение общественных слушаний, на которых горожане смогут выразить свои пожелания и предложения относительно новых архитектурных решений и функциональности пространства.

Согласно прогнозам, ожидается, что переоснащение жилых территорий позволит создать более 50 тысяч новых квартир, что существенно улучшит жилищные условия для москвичей и даст возможность решить проблему доступного жилья. По данным специалистов, в районе старых зданий можно будет построить удобные и современные комплексы, которые будут способствовать развитию сообществ и укреплению социальной инфраструктуры.

Кроме того, в столице начнется активная работа по обустройству транспортной инфраструктуры на новых территориях. Обеспечение удобного доступа к общественному транспорту и создание парковок также станет неотъемлемой частью проекта.

«Перераспределение жилых территорий — это не просто вопрос строительства; это шаг к созданию гармоничной городской среды, где люди будут чувствовать себя комфортно и безопасно», — резюмировала архитектор и эксперт по urban-дизайну Юлия Костенко.

Активная программа по сносу старых зданий и строительству новых жилых кварталов обещает преобразить Москву в современный мегаполис, соответствующий мировым стандартам жизни. Жители столицы ожидают, что эти изменения приведут не только к улучшению внешнего облика города, но и повысят качество их жизни.

Автор: Карина Шаповалова

@ 56501785:9d9a1e60

test

@ 56501785:9d9a1e60

test

@ 524314bf:d1e30e55

Hello Fellow Stackers,

As many of you know, Stacker News will be completely eliminating it's custodial lightning wallet soon. Prior to this change, Stacker News could serve as a 'poor man's' ln proxy as the sats would go to the Stacker News node, then Stacker News would create a new payment to your node (depending on your wallet settings). This was an awesome tool for us Plebs, but I totally understand that it was probably never the intent of Stacker News to serve this purpose ; more of an emergent behavior. So, I mourn it's loss but I am excited for the next phase of the Stacker News value for value experiment.

So, what does this mean for lightning node runners that want to receive sats sent to their Stacker News ln address or want to receive sats from Stacker News activity instead of cowboy credits ? Well, it means that now when you setup a receive option, the receiving node will be exposed when a zap is sent to your Stacker News address. This is a bit of a bummer in comparison to the old setup.

With that said, Stacker News is providing an immediate solution for those users that do not want their node ID exposed. Stacker News now has a setting where you can turn on a proxy for any incoming sats to your Stacker News ln address, albeit at a cost of 10% of the receiving amount. I assume this will work to basically give you the same experience as before, with the Stacker News lightning node acting as the proxy before sats are sent to your node.

That's awesome that the option is available, but the price is pretty steep (I'd imagine that the price is set steep because Stacker News does not want to act in this function for its users ; this is a classy move to provide it at all even though Stacker News is not probably intending to be a leading privacy service provider in the lightning space). So, what is a pleb to do ? Well, there is a solution out there available to all plebs that can give you the proxy receiving privacy you want without paying 10% of your received sats for that privacy: Enter Zeuspay (https://docs.zeusln.app/lightning-address/intro/)

So, Zeuspay is an ln address that any LND node runner can use by setting up their node in the Zeus app via the available options. I won't go into detail how to do this (i'm happy to answer questions in the comments, but not really the point of this post to give a step by step tutorial), but essentially once you have set up your connection in Zeus to your LND node, there is an option in the setting to create your own Zeuspay ln address. This ln address is a bit different than custodial options you have experienced:

1. When sats are sent to this ln address, they actually need to be redeemed by you within the Zeus app within 24 hours. If not redeemed within 24 hours, they are sent back to the sender's wallet. This is how zeus set up the service so that it works best with their embedded mobile node as such nodes will not be online all the time.

2. When you redeem sats, those sats are then actually going first to the Zeus lightning node, and then to your node. Thus, it is a proxy for receiving sats that will not reveal your node to the original sat sender.

So, if a Stacker News user sets up their wallet config in Stacker News to receive sats using the ln address to their Zeuspay ln address, they will now have the privacy benefit of before. AND, what's great is that Zeus just recently dropped the receiving fees to 0 for this service (see the recent nost post here: https://njump.me/nevent1qyt8wumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgtcpz9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezumrpdejz7qgawaehxw309ahx7um5wghxy6t5vdhkjmn9wgh8xmmrd9skctcpz9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezuamfdejj7qgewaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8xmn0wf6zuum0vd5kzmp0qqsdmf5h6kpzt2pxh0cmgf43uksjhklx07s49n2ydeh82lnqw83p2pqsph5ec). So, as long as you make sure to log into your Zeus app and redeem sats once a day, you can use this option to receive sats to your Stacker News ln address with a privacy proxy that does not utilize Stacker News' proxy service. Now, one caveat I will say which I experienced while testing: if you do not have a channel open with Zeus, it did not work very well for me. However, once I got a channel open with Zeus, and got some inbound liquidity in that channel, it has worked perfectly. Hope that post serves you well fellow Stackers, happy zapping n stacking :)

bitcoin

lightning

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/778172

@ 228dde34:b5d0345e

BY Glenda Chong

Editorial Admin

Hype Issue #60

Join GLENDA CHONG as she talks to founder of media and creative agency, DANAMIC, Danish Lukawski, on what it takes to learn to become an entrepreneur from the ground up.

Danish Lukawski, founder of creative and media agency DANAMIC. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

When you were ten years old, how did you get your pocket money? At that age, perhaps you begged your parents for money. Danish Lukawski did things differently; he started a business to earn his own.

What started as him wanting to put up photos of his pet hamsters online by learning the now-discontinued HTML editor tool Microsoft Frontpage, became a booming business when a friend’s father needed a site for his printer-selling business.

Looking back at his earliest venture, Danish had but two regrets: he should have taken the leap sooner, and he should have charged his family friend more than $20. While he can laugh at those early days now, those little lessons unknowingly set the stage for something bigger. I spoke to Danish Lukawski, founder of the creative and media agency DANAMIC on his unique journey and the lessons learnt to become the entrepreneur and associate lecturer he is today.

How He Got Started

For most, school is a place with a clear-cut path where you take the courses that aid you in your journey to your future career. Danish took a diploma in Information Technology at Ngee Ann Polytechnic and explored his interest in media by augmenting his diploma with a few modules from the Mass Communication diploma.

However, the one other area he had equal passion for - entrepreneurship, wasn’t something the school offered at the time. So it seemed doubtful that, without the resources on offer, Danish could have hoped to become one. Despite this, he showed that the absence of a path doesn’t mean a lack of possibilities - sometimes, it’s an invitation to create your own.

Danish took it upon himself to explore the world of entrepreneurship by attending events linked to Ngee Ann Polytechnic. This was also where help from his Film & Media Studies teachers came in handy, with Mr. Jon Foo bringing him to film galas to meet directors and producers and Ms. Sharon Ismail helping him expand his professional network.

Outside of building connections with industry people, he also taught himself to build up his skills and qualifications to become an entrepreneur. Why self-taught, you might ask? Simply put, it boiled down to how entrepreneurial courses at the time felt “fluffy”. Instead he directed his energy into obtaining certifications, from companies like Meta, that give him credibility with clients.

Danish (second from left) also took up a course directly from TikTok, allowing his company to be TikTok Ad certified. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

The Challenges He Faced Building DANAMIC

When asked about memorable mistakes, Danish mentioned how it took “19 to 29 different failures” before landing on his company’s first “Yes”. Rejection never gets easy, and he remembers it all too well.

“Back when we first got our first office, we tried to kind of knock on everyone’s door in the same building,” He said. Sadly, once his new building neighbours could pick up that they were attempting to sell something, doors were closed. Eventually, a clinic gave them a chance and tried his company’s media services for a few months.

Danish’s company celebrating Christmas just after moving into their office. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

Another big hurdle Danish had to overcome was hiring. Sometimes, some hires weren’t good fits and this is where he believes culture-fit is important. “If they didn’t fit in the culture then they either felt like the whole place is against them or they would always be working in a way that everyone else cannot figure out how to work with.” Ultimately, it’s better to be particular when hiring, rather than hiring incompatible employees that leave quickly and affect morale.

And just when you think that Danish has done it all, his story is far from over. Building his own business was not enough for him; he wanted to give back.

Becoming an Associate Lecturer

You’d probably look at Danish as though he has two heads when he says this, but of the many reasons why he became an associate lecturer, one was that“it’s like taking a break”!

The one joke he shares whenever this gets brought up is that he traded his 9 to 5 to work 24/7. Becoming an associate lecturer meant he could “partition a day out” where he puts full focus into teaching classes at Ngee Ann Polytechnic’s School of Infocomm Technology whilst turning off from everything else.

The second reason was so he could “keep in touch with youth”. Danish admits that interacting with his students gives him plenty of direction in marketing when applied back to his main work, but ultimately keeping in touch with young people allows him “to keep on the ground”.

“It means a lot to me because I get to see what they care about, what they’re consuming and then I know where they’re at,” Danish said. In a nutshell, it helps to close the generation gap as he gets to understand the “psyche of where they are as a generation”.

Aside from teaching at Ngee Ann Polytechnic and NUS, Danish also holds sharings across various schools, with this one being held at Greendale Secondary School. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

Finally, the most important motivator for teaching at Ngee Ann Polytechnic was, of course, his desire to give back to the school. While he “could have gone to any other polytechnic”, Ngee Ann Polytechnic was one of the institutions that made him who he is today.

Aside from this, he also occasionally returns to his other alma mater, the National University of Singapore, as an industry specialist. This is where his journey comes full circle, as Danish becomes the teacher he didn’t have in his schooling years, imparting his knowledge in a course on entrepreneurship in the new age where students pitch their business ideas to him.

Danish sharing on entrepreneurship at a cognitio event where founders of start-ups shared on their work, in NUS. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

Advice for Future Entrepreneurs

As Danish helps shape the minds of future innovators in the classroom, he also has additional insights to provide outside of it. When asked to advise anyone with a background similar to his wanting to be an entrepreneur, he has two messages to share.

Danish explains a mental model of thinking about “the land of prosperity” vs. “the land of scarcity”. “I believe in the land of prosperity because while everyone is fighting for that one strange plot of land, I’m going like ‘Guys, there are nine plots here. What are you all doing?’.”

Although there are chances that you might not be able to compete, “there’s always a chance to pivot” or if not, “there’s always a chance to disrupt”. And to him, just because something’s been done before, it doesn’t mean there aren’t better ways of going about it.

“Just gather all the opportunities you want,” Danish stated.

”There’s no harm in trying something and failing cause what do you have to lose? The most you lose is just the time or maybe a bit of money or whatever energy you’ve expended but the experience is invaluable than never trying at all.”

Another piece of advice Danish had: don't be afraid to share your ideas. Many partners he has worked with were unafraid to share because even if one stole an idea from the other, should the idea fail, they have helped the other “figure out that it was a stupid idea”.

Danish (second from right) taking home an SME 500 Singapore Award awarded to DANAMIC at the SMESummit 2023. Photo courtesy of Danish Lukawski.

Above all else, a willingness to share ideas opens many doors in business. When people come together and share, there will often be synergy, and that’s where enduring partnerships can form.

Or in Danish’s words, “I believe being open and true is better than being close-minded and scared.”

@ 5af07946:98fca8c4

There were some bold attempts, but they were mostly experimental—often half-baked, grammatically flawed, and contextually incoherent. The focus was not on the content ; it centered on the writing process, and testing the claims of writing enthusiasts. Advocates of the pro-text camp championed the idea of asynchronous freedom. Some of them subscribed to an extraordinary notion: they argued if text could be passed down through generations, it should be possible for information to flow from the future to the past. Why only one way flow? Information was not a physical thing - bound by the rules of decay? They referred to this phenomenon as "divine information". The promise was divine information could be made accessible to everyone.

The idea had a circular logic: if someone were to read a book ten generations from now, they could theoretically reconstruct today's world in their minds. What if they could correct our current assumptions? Wouldn't that transform our own world? They believed text was a bridge to the continuum. More one wrote, better his chances of receiving assistance from one’s future self. Some even suggested the discipline of writing opened a portal in the human mind. Since all information always existed, the quest was merely to unlock the pathways within our minds.

@ fcb65172:87f3c4ed

What does a vegan diet have in common with London? They are both about as far removed from nature as possible. London is the world’s vegan capital, according to HappyCow’s Top 10 Vegan-Friendly Cities in 2024—like that’s a list you’d be proud to top… Just like London or any other global metropolitan megacity, veganism is built upon an industrial foundation. Veganism is functional, but it has no soul, no character, no unique traditions behind it. Allow me to explain.

Food is about more than nutrition

I’ve sat down to meals across the world, from the loud, bustling markets of an Andean town to a quaint French countryside brasserie. At first glance, these experiences may seem worlds apart. But dig deeper, and you’ll notice that both meals are simmering in a deep cultural broth, seasoned with passion and served with love for its tradition and roots.

To me, food paints a picture of the society in which it is made. When I’m eating a dish, the food tells a story about the people who created it. It provides answers to questions like no person ever could.

When I sit down to order from a menu offering stews brimming with freshly picked herbs and vegetables, roasted meats from animals raised nearby, and fruits plucked directly from trees, I am filled with excitement. It is hard to decide what to order, as the smell from the kitchen glides by, I can’t wait for the first bite. 

Mercado Vega in Santiago de Chile

Veganism: A Diet Born of Industrial Convenience

The further away I travel from global metropolitan megacities, the clearer it becomes: veganism is a diet born not of nature but of industrial convenience. It’s not a lifestyle that embraces the flourishing of the planet or humanity. Instead, it relies on factories to transform soybeans and chickpeas into something they were never meant to be—human food.

The more I explore the world, the more I realise veganism isn’t about connecting with nature; it’s about reshaping nature to fit a modern utopian fantasy. A fantasy created in a global metropolitan life, where everything looks, feels, and tastes the same—whether I’m in London, New York City, or Kuala Lumpur.

Try crossing the Namib desert on a vegan diet. You’ll turn back before the first day has gone, desperately hungry and searching for the nearest vegan restaurant—nowhere to be found. You’ll face a choice: Do I want to cling on to this utopian fantasy of what’s "natural," or do I eat the delicious food nature has already provided in abundance?

Game meat is plentiful in this serene, natural environment, as are fruits like melons, dates, and oranges. If you’re lucky enough to meet one of the nomadic Himba tribes who roam this vast desert, you might even be able to trade your way to goat. Out here, in the real world, nature won’t present you with a tofu tree or soybean plant.

It’s almost as if Planet Earth is sending us a message: eat what’s readily available, what doesn’t need heavy processing to become food.

A traditional Himba lady, Namibia

The Soybean Assembly Line

The irony of veganism lies in its branding—as a natural, healthy, and environmentally friendly choice. Clever marketing, but utter nonsense.

Soybean farming, a stable of vegan food, is one of the leading contributors to deforestation in the Amazon, alongside gold mining. Vegan advocates might argue that most soybeans are used for industry and animal feed, but they conveniently overlook the inherently unnatural nature of soybeans as human nutrition.

For instance, producing one litre of soy milk requires 300 litres of water. Add to that the seed oils, artificial colorants, flavors, textures, and E-marked chemicals listed on vegan meat and cheese ingredient labels. Barely anything about vegan meat or cheese is natural. It’s a synthetic symphony—carefully assembled in factories, stripped of the raw nutrients found in real, whole foods.

The hypocrisy is striking. The vegan industry presents itself as the solution to climate change, yet its reliance on resource-heavy, industrial processes undermines that very claim.

The three-year moving average may represent a more accurate picture of the data trends due to uncertainty in year-to-year comparisons. All figures calculated with a 30 percent minimum tree cover canopy density. Source: UMD GLAD Lab.

Why Do They Want You to Eat Vegan?

So, who’s behind this "veganism good, real meat bad" narrative? Look no further than the architects of the climate change agenda—organisations like the World Bank, the IMF, the World Economic Forum, and companies like Beyond Meat and Impossible Foods. Investors like Bill Gates, through initiatives like Breakthrough Energy Ventures, also play a significant role.

These are organisations and individuals who operate without principles like open debate in search of truth, instead they don’t like to be challenged on their believes, they are afraid to engage in public discourse, like podcasts and freedom of speech based platforms like Substack. These organisations expect you to buy into their message, fall in line and don’t ask questions - The most outrageous examples are ESG policies and carbon credits - a giant coercion machine designed for those in the know to profit off of the actions they coerce individuals and businesses to perform. Do take that as investment advice if want…

As I see it, the most horrifying example of what the ambitions behind, vegan lab food and the climate change agenda is. Is the article published by the World Economic Forum titled “Welcome to 2030. I own nothing, have no privacy, and life has never been better”. I can’t help but wonder if in 2030 we will all be eating vegan lab food, driving electric cars and living in urban areas, whilst being completely dependent on an internet without any privacy. In this dystopian future, it will be possible to turn any disobedient citizen off with the click of a button. Governments will have complete control of all lives, like an all seeing super God. They will control what you eat and at the click of a button, suddenly your computer won’t work, your money won’t transact and your car won’t drive. Just because you had a differing opinion.

The luxuries of the real world, being in touch with nature, experiencing nature in its beauty and magnificence will be for the few. The luxury of travel or living a self sufficient life, will be for the ultra few - The few that told you to eat vegan, move to the city and never step foot on an airplane, because an airplane destroys the planet. 

Remember if your opinion is based on the annihilation of other opinions you don’t agree with - then you have no opinion at all. 

The article was originally posted to Forbes.com but seems to have been taken down from most places online. I was only able to find the article in Medium

Cultural Disconnect: Food and Identity

I travel to experience different cultures, to better understand cultures, that are different from here I grew up. I travel to broaden my perspective on the world and the people that make up this wonderfully crazy planet, that we all call home. I also travel to enrich my taste-pallet. I love food. Food is a window into a society’s traditions, history, and identity. When I sit down for a flavourful Paella at restaurant in Valencian side street, I am eating a dish that tells me about Spanish history. The aromatic sweet saffron known as red gold, that gives the paella its distinct taste, came to Spain with Arabic tradesmen that conquered large parts of the Iberian peninsula. The tomatoes arrived on my plate from the Andean mountains in South America, brought back to Spain by the conquistadors of the Spanish empire.

The paella is history lesson in itself. The Paella tells the story about the territory that we know as modern Spain. The Paella tells me, that Spain was once dominated by islam. Which hints at why the famous Spanish Flamenco music, has so many sounds, that sound oddly familiar to the music of the Arab world, I heard when I was travelling around Turkey. The Paella also tells me about Spain’s history as a global empire reaching far beyond the shores modern day Spain. Food is about a connection to culture and history. Food is able to build connections between different cultures. 

Food Connects Cultures

It was a hot autumn afternoon, I was walking around Diyarbakir, the capital of Turkish Kurdistan. In the background the local mosques were calling for prayer, but I wasn’t heading for the mosque to ask for forgiveness for my sins, I was on the hunt for some food, some local food. I thought to myself “hopefully I can meet a local and establish a connection”. It was my second day in Diyarbakir, so far I had mostly communicated with the locals via hand signs, google translate and the sort broken English of a five year old, I find myself opting for, when ever I speak to someone who barely knows how to say “how are you?”.

My eyes caught two young men in the midst of installing a projector in the covered terrace area of one of the local restaurants. Inside there was a handful of tables with men drinking Turkish çay tea and smoking shisha pipes. They all looked at me with a welcoming smile and a facial expression of general puzzlement of my presence. Not many European foreigner venture to the southern parts of Turkey, where the Kurdish people live. The area is near the Syrian border and Kurdistan has long been painted as terrorist area. 

As I approached the restaurant the waiter pointed me to a table, handed me the menu then with broken English and few hand gestures, he signalled for me to wait. I proceeded to investigate the menu, of course all in Turkish, I had managed to pick up some the basic words necessary for ordering food during my travels. I wasn’t completely lost in translation. The waiter came back with another young man, my age, Bawer. Bawer sat down in front of me with his cigarette in one mouth and his ashtray in the other. He offered me  a cigarette, I politely accepted, then he said “How are you?” “Do you need any help?” His eyes lit up when I said I had my eyes on the Saç Tava, a Turkish stew with tomatoes, vegetables, chilies and mouthwatering tender lamb, and asked if he could recommend that? Bawer said “It’s my favourite dish but be careful it’s spicy”. I offered to order for him as well but he said no thanks. I ordered food for me and pot of tea for us to share.

Bawer and his friends

This was how I met Bawer, Bawer spoke great English and was able to answer all my questions about Kurds and Kurdish identity, the historic fights between Kurds and the Turkish government. The next day I met back up with Bawer and two of his friends, they gave me a tour of the city, told me all about life as a Kurd in Turkey. In the evening they even invited me to a Kurdish wedding from one of their friends, but these are stories for another day. 

Conclusion

My point is: In this utopian fantasy world of the future, where we are all vegans. All food will be produced in labs and factories. All food will taste the same, no matter where you go in the world. If that becomes the reality, then this experience and countless others just like it, would never happen. Local culture would slowly die, so would beautiful spontaneous meetings, with strangers over food in some foreign, far away place. 

If that is where the world of tomorrow is going, then I’m glad I got to see it beforehand.

@ 468f729d:5ab4fd5e

```js import prisma from "../prisma";

export const getAllDraftsByUserId = async (userId) => { return await prisma.draft.findMany({ where: { userId }, include: { user: true, }, }); }

export const getDraftById = async (id) => { return await prisma.draft.findUnique({ where: { id }, include: { user: true, }, }); };

export const createDraft = async (data) => { return await prisma.draft.create({ data: { ...data, user: { connect: { id: data.user, }, }, additionalLinks: data.additionalLinks || [], }, }); };

export const updateDraft = async (id, data) => { const { user, additionalLinks, ...otherData } = data; return await prisma.draft.update({ where: { id }, data: { ...otherData, user: user ? { connect: { id: user } } : undefined, additionalLinks: additionalLinks || undefined, }, }); };

export const deleteDraft = async (id) => { return await prisma.draft.delete({ where: { id }, }); } ```

@ 54d8f90d:8c91201f

So much better.

Cant wait to dig deeper

thanks, #primal

@ 8dc86882:9dc4ba5e

I'm thinking about war this morning, specifically Russia and Ukraine. Many people seem to write off the nuclear possibilities, I don't think they have a clue. Do people really want to push someone with more than enough capability to use it? I really don't get it.

Don't get me wrong, I feel for the Ukrainian people, I really do. But at some point peace must be made. I feel they really have no way of winning without being artificially pumped up by foreign powers like us in the United States. What we seem to be doing is just facilitating much more death and suffering. As of now, I don't see the point.

Those of my fellow Americans who feel this is a fight for Democracy and Putin is 100% in the wrong, then maybe we should offer him and maybe China to build bases or biological factories on the US/Mexican border. We wouldn't mind, right? It seems Putin is a little bit in the same spot. Whether he is an ass or not, I can see the Russian point of view about NATO expansion and weapons factories on their borders.

In the end, I think it's time to make peace, some sort of concessions to make both sides content and end this. At this point, continuing to escalate is no good for any of us, Ukrainian or not.

plebone

@ 4874b840:31b0b8c0

В этом году завод по производству роботов выпустил около 400,000 единиц новой техники, что подчеркивает растущий интерес к автоматизации в различных отраслях. Самой популярной моделью стала роботизированная платформа "Робо-Х", которая предназначена для выполнения множества задач, включая сварку, упаковку, транспортировку и контроль качества продукции.

Эксперты связывают увеличение производства с дефицитом рабочей силы и необходимостью повышения производительности. Ожидается, что автоматизация приведет к исчезновению некоторых профессий, но спрос на специалистов в области робототехники и программирования будет расти. Игорь Сидоров, сотрудник завода, отметил:

"Мы наблюдаем значительный рост интереса к нашим продуктам. Платформа 'Робо-Х' зарекомендовала себя как надежное решение для многих предприятий. Она не только выполняет рутинные задачи с высокой точностью и скоростью, но и освобождает сотрудников для более творческих и специализированных работ."

@ 4874b840:31b0b8c0

Сегодня Калининград активно переходит на альтернативные источники энергии, в частности, солнечные батареи. Этот переход, начавшийся с установки панелей в 2035 году, позволил жителям центральных районов сократить расходы на электроэнергию до 1000 рублей в месяц.

Игорь Маковский, сотрудник жилищно-коммунального хозяйства, отметил, что переход на солнечную энергетику способствует не только экономии, но и улучшению экологической ситуации. Светлана Иванова, жительница одного из домов с солнечными панелями, поделилась: "Установка солнечных батарей изменила нашу жизнь и снизила зависимость от внешних поставок электроэнергии."

Планы по расширению программы на весь город уже находятся в разработке, что обещает улучшить энергетическую независимость Калининграда.

@ 319ad3e7:cc01d50a

Rupert and Kajoozie’s #Nostr Famous Gumbo

TheRupertDamnit Image 1 8 0

3.9K sats

Chef's notes Make sure you watch your roux closely. It can go from perfect to burnt in a moment. Top with green onion tops. Sprinkle a very small amount of file over top. Andouille sausage is traditional but kielbasa is also a good substitute.

Details ⏲️ Prep time: 30 minutes for vegetable prep + ~1 hour for boiling chicken 🍳 Cook time: ~2 hours 🍽️ Servings: 8-10 Ingredients 1 large onion 1 large bell pepper 2 medium stalks celery 6-8 cloves garlic ~3 lbs. bone-in, skin-on chicken; remove skin and set aside to render ~1.5 lbs andouille sausage, browned ~1/2 lb. tasso, optional 2 green onions, chopped and separated 2 cups okra, cut (frozen or fresh, not canned) ~1 cup oil (rendered from chicken skins & sausage) ~1 cup flour 1-2 bay leaves Directions Chop all vegetables and set aside. Render the fats from your chicken skins and sausages. Combine your flour and rendered fats in a cast iron skillet and stir continually over medium –low heat until your roux is chocolate brown. Stir in about 1/4 tsp of flour at this stage and cook until it stops “fizzing”. (This is simply to add to the thickening power of the roux.) While you are cooking your roux, boil your chicken until cooked through, remove from heat and broth, and set aside to cool for deboning . Add your vegetables, roux, deboned chicken, sausage, hot sauce, Worcestershire, and spices/seasonings to your broth. Optional: sauté your vegetables, except okra, before adding to broth. (Only add the bottom portions of the green onion here, reserve the green tops for garnish.) Cook until the okra is soft and no longer slimy, about 2 hours, at a low boil. (med-high heat) Optional: reduce to a simmer about 10 minutes before finished and drop a few eggs to poach in the stew before serving. Do not stir. Serve over rice.

@ 9bc2d34d:d19d2948

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@ 0c9e5e17:480e870b

I thought I'd share the recipe and directions for my Grandma's Irish Soda bread. I'd say it's my mum's but it is really my grandmother's recipe. My mum and grandmother were from County Cork, Ireland but moved to England which is where I am originally from.

As a child, I can remember visiting my grandmother and smelling the sour bottle of whole milk she used to put on her windowsill each week so that the warmth and sun would make it sour into the equivalent of buttermilk. That would be the basis for her soda bread recipe. I can vividly remember the smell as I'm typing this - happy childhood memories! I hope you make this and enjoy it too. Please feel free to share with friends.

Options

You can make this with store bought buttermilk, or alternatives that I've listed in the ingredients. All of them turn out well, so choose what you prefer. You can also remove or reduce the white granulated sugar to taste. With the half cup it is a delicious sweet soda bread perfect for butter or jam. Without is truer to the original, I added sugar so that my kids would like it more. The same is true for the raisins, they are totally optional and I typically add raisins to one of the two halves of dough - BUT the soda bread with raisins always gets eaten first!

Ingredients

• 5 1/2 cups all-purpose flour
• 2 teaspoons baking soda
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 1 cup raisins (optional)
• 3 cups of room temp buttermilk (substitute sour cream or plain Greek yogurt)

Directions

1. Preheat oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). Grease large baking tray or cookie sheet
2. In a large bowl, mix the flour, baking soda and salt. Add buttermilk, raisins, and mix until just combined
3. On a floured surface kneed the mix into a rough dough, then divide in two
4. Place each halve on the tray, sprinkle the top of each loaf with flour, then score a cross on the top of each with a sharp knife
5. Bake the loaves at 400 degrees F (200 degrees C) for 45 minutes, or until golden brown
6. Remove and let the loaves cool on a cooling rack

I hope you enjoy making this family favorite as much as you enjoy eating it!

@ 2775fb0f:887f8193

Новодвинск празднует День города: яркие события и неожиданные сюрпризы!

Новодвинск, 12 сентября 2040 года — В этом году наш любимый город отмечает свой 70-летний юбилей, и празднование Дня города обещает быть поистине незабываемым! Организаторы подготовили насыщенную программу мероприятий, которая привлечет жителей и гостей Новодвинска, чтобы вместе отпраздновать достижения и будущее нашего города.

Программа мероприятий:

Празднование начнется в 10:00 с торжественного открытия на площади имени Ленина, где пройдет церемония поднятия флага и выступление городской администрации. Глава города, Анна Петрова, поздравит новодвинцев с праздником и расскажет о планах развития города на ближайшие годы.

С 11:00 до 15:00 на центральной площади развернется ярмарка местных производителей, где можно будет попробовать и купить продукты от фермеров и ремесленников региона. Здесь же пройдет выставка достижений новодвинских школ и вузов, где студенты и школьники представят свои проекты и изобретения.

Для любителей активного отдыха организованы спортивные соревнования: в 12:00 начнется массовый забег «Новодвинск — город здоровья», а в 14:00 — турниры по уличным видам спорта, включая стритбол и волейбол. Все участники получат памятные медали и призы от спонсоров.

Сюрпризы для горожан:

В этом году организаторы решили порадовать новодвинцев несколькими неожиданными сюрпризами. Во-первых, в 16:00 на площади пройдет концерт с участием известных артистов, в числе которых — популярная группа «Северное сияние» и певица Анастасия Ларина. Но это еще не все! Впервые в Новодвинске будет организован «Тайный гость» — известный музыкант, который выступит под псевдонимом и удивит зрителей своей неожиданной программой.

Во-вторых, в 18:00 начнется фееричное световое шоу, которое озарит вечернее небо над Новодвинском. Это будет уникальное представление с использованием современных технологий, которое подарит зрителям незабываемые эмоции.

И, наконец, в 20:00 на набережной реки Северная Двина состоится праздничный фейерверк, который завершит день яркими красками и подарит всем ощущение единства и гордости за наш город.

Не упустите возможность стать частью этого знаменательного события! Приходите с друзьями и семьей, чтобы отпраздновать День города вместе. Новодвинск ждет вас!

@ 9ff58691:0bf6c134

Курган в 2040 году завершил масштабный проект по созданию велосипедных дорожек, который охватывает весь город и включает Центральный парк культуры и отдыха (ЦПКИО) как ключевую трассу для велосипедистов. Новые велодорожки обеспечивают безопасные и удобные маршруты для всех любителей активного отдыха, а также создают специальные площадки для велосипедистов, скейтбордистов и самокатчиков. Этот проект не только способствует развитию культуры активного образа жизни, но и улучшает экологическую ситуацию в городе, делая Курган более комфортным и современным для жителей и гостей.

Автор: Эвелина Тимирбаева

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

@ 2348ca50:32a055a8

Solar services are getting super popular as folks look for ways to save on their energy bills and shrink their environmental footprint. Thanks to some cool advancement in solar tech, putting up solar panels has become a smart and eco-friendly way to power homes, businesses, and even whole neighborhoods. In this piece, we’re diving into what solar services Ipswich are all about, the benefits they offer, and some key things to think about when picking a solar provider.

What Are Solar Services Ipswich?

Solar services envelop a large number of contributions that assist with peopling outfit the force of the sun for energy. These services incorporate all that, from beginning meetings, framework plan, and installation to upkeep, repair, and even energy checking. Here are the fundamental parts of solar services Ipswich:

• Conference and Evaluation: Experts assess your property, energy needs, and financial plan to prescribe a solar arrangement custom-made to your prerequisites.

• Framework Configuration: In light of your property's format, a modified solar framework is intended to expand energy productivity and address your issues.

• Installation: Specialists introduce solar boards, inverters, and other fundamental gear to set up your framework.

• Support and Repair: Routine upkeep guarantees your framework works proficiently. Solar organizations additionally give repairs to keep everything moving along as planned.

• Checking and Backing: A few solar suppliers offer applications or stages to screen energy creation and utilization, alongside help for any investigating needs.

Advantages of Solar Services Ipswich

1. 1. Lessens Energy Bills

One of the essential reasons property holders and organizations choose solar energy is the huge decrease in power costs. When introduced, solar boards produce power from daylight, decreasing reliance on matrix power and bringing down service bills. Over the long run, the reserve funds can frequently cover the underlying interest in the framework.

1. 1. Harmless to the ecosystem Energy Source

Solar power is perfect and inexhaustible, meaning it doesn't deliver ozone depleting substance emanations or other destructive poisons. By utilizing solar energy, you're adding to a decrease in carbon impression and supporting a more maintainable future.

1. 1. Expands Property Estimation

Homes and business properties outfitted with solar boards frequently have higher market values. Potential purchasers perceive the drawn out reserve funds and ecological advantages, making solar installations an important resource for any property.

1. 1. Long haul Speculation with Little Support

When introduced, solar frameworks require negligible support. Routine cleaning and incidental examinations are for the most part to the point of keeping them working proficiently for a really long time. With guarantees that frequently length 20-25 years, solar services are a brilliant long haul venture.

1. 1. Energy Freedom and Framework Versatility

Solar power can make you less dependent on framework power, safeguarding you from rising energy expenses and blackouts. For extra autonomy, consider pairing your solar boards with battery capacity frameworks, which permit you to store overabundance energy for use around evening time or during blackouts.

Do’s and Don’ts of Solar Services Ipswich

Do research different providers and compare options

Don’t rush into signing a contract without understanding the terms

Do check for certifications and experience

Don’t assume all solar panels are the same quality

Do ask about financing and warranty options

Don’t skip regular maintenance and cleaning

Do consider battery storage for added resilience

Don’t ignore state or federal incentives

Do monitor your system’s performance regularly

Don’t install without professional guidance

Key Stages in the Solar Service Cycle

1. Site Appraisal: Solar experts direct an evaluation to decide your area's appropriateness for solar energy, taking into account rooftop condition, direction, and sun openness.

2. Custom Plan: A plan custom-made to your particular energy needs and primary prerequisites expands the effectiveness of your framework.

3. Permits and Desk work: Your solar supplier regularly handles any important licenses or endorsements, guaranteeing consistence with nearby guidelines.

4. Installation: Confirmed specialists introduce the solar boards, wiring, and inverter to guarantee protected and proficient activity.

5. Ongoing Support and Observing: Numerous solar suppliers offer upkeep plans, framework checks, and internet checking devices so you can follow your energy creation.

Ways to pick the Right Solar Service Supplier

1. Look for Confirmation and Experience: Pick a solar supplier with guaranteed and experienced specialists who have a history of value installations.

2. Ask About Guarantees and Upkeep Plans: Guarantee the supplier offers a complete guarantee on hardware and an arrangement for regular support.

3. Check Client Surveys: Perusing audits from past clients can give you knowledge into the organization's dependability, client assistance, and generally quality.

4. Evaluate Funding Choices: Numerous suppliers offer adaptable supporting choices, for example, rents or power buy arrangements, to make solar more reasonable.

5. Consider Added Services Like Battery Stockpiling: A few organizations likewise offer battery stockpiling arrangements, which are perfect for expanding energy freedom and reinforcement power.

Solar Service Choices: Buy, Rent, or Power Buy Understanding (PPA)

• Buy: Purchasing a solar framework permits you to possess it by and large, giving the most extreme profit from venture through reserve funds on energy bills.

• Rent: Renting allows you to utilize solar boards introduced on your property for a decent regularly scheduled installment without the forthright expense, however you won't possess the framework.

• Power Buy Understanding (PPA): With a PPA, you pay just for the power created by the solar framework at a set rate, frequently lower than utility rates. The supplier keeps up with responsibility for framework, handling support and repairs.

Normal Inquiries Concerning Solar Services

Q: What amount does solar installation cost?

A: The expense shifts in light of elements like framework size, area, and supplier. Many organizations offer supporting choices to make it more reasonable.

Q: What amount might I at any point save money on my energy bill with solar?

A: Investment funds rely upon framework size, nearby power rates, and energy use. By and large, solar clients can save 20-30% on their energy bills.

Q: Is solar energy solid?

A: Indeed, solar energy is profoundly solid, particularly when paired with battery capacity to give reinforcement power during overcast days or around evening time.

Q: How long does a solar framework endure?

A: Solar boards have a typical life expectancy of 25 years, with negligible upkeep expected to keep them running proficiently.

Conclusion

Changing to solar energy is a strong method for saving money on energy costs, diminish ecological effect, and increment property estimation. Solar services Ipswich, including installation, support, and repair, guarantee that your framework runs proficiently, giving clean energy to years. With proficient direction and regular support, solar power can be an important and manageable venture for your home or business. Make sure to pick a respectable supplier, think about funding choices, and exploit any suitable motivations to make the progress smooth and useful.

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

Содержание:

В 2040 году Москва переживает настоящую революцию в мире обуви. Каждый житель столицы теперь носит обувь марок "Ice" или "Snow" с подогревом и защитой от слякоти, что стало необходимостью в условиях изменяющегося климата.

С каждым годом климат становится все более непредсказуемым. Слякоть и холодные зимы стали нормой для москвичей, и производители обуви ответили на вызовы времени. Новая линия обуви, оснащенная встроенными обогревателями и водоотталкивающими материалами, завоевала популярность среди горожан. Обувь будущего оснащена специальными датчиками, которые автоматически регулируют температуру в зависимости от внешних условий. Это позволяет сохранять комфорт даже в самые холодные дни. Кроме того, новые материалы защищают от влаги и грязи, что делает прогулки по Москве более приятными.

Автор: Ксения Данилова

@ f8a5df57:b7a58cd4

В «Центральной клинической больнице с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации медицинские работники стали пользоваться искусственным интеллектом в целях комплексного обучения аспирантов .

ИИ помогает врачам обучать начинающих специалистов, предоставляя им доступ к базам данным, обучающим материалам и симуляциям. Благодаря таким вспомогательным технологиям студенты улучшают свои навыки в профессии и становятся в курсе последних достижений медицины.

• "Стоит помнить что искусственный интеллект - это лишь вспомогательный элемент для нашей специальности, он никогда не сможет заменить точности данных от квалифицированного врача, и перекрыть профессиональный опыт. Врачи должны использовать ИИ как инструмент, помогающий в принятии решений, но не полагаться исключительно на него. Безусловно, новые технологии могут принести пользу медицине, облегчая принятие решений и предоставляя качественную литературу, - считает главный врач «Центральной клинической больнице с поликлиникой» Николай Витько.

Автор: Дарья Воронина

@ 88dc84f5:c71164f7

Introduction: Cryptocurrencies have revolutionized the financial landscape, offering a decentralized, secure, and transparent medium of exchange. Beyond their speculative appeal, cryptocurrencies are driving economic growth, fostering innovation, and transforming the way businesses operate.

Boosting Financial Inclusion: 1. Unbanked populations: Cryptocurrencies provide access to financial services for the estimated 1.7 billion unbanked individuals worldwide. 2. Microtransactions: Low transaction fees enable small businesses to participate in the global economy.

Stimulating Innovation: 1. Blockchain technology: Cryptocurrencies' underlying technology has spawned a new wave of startups, creating jobs and driving innovation. 2. Smart contracts: Automated, self-executing contracts streamline business processes, reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

Fostering Economic Growth: 1. Increased liquidity: Cryptocurrencies' 24/7 trading and fast settlement times enhance market liquidity. 2. Cross-border transactions: Cryptocurrencies simplify international trade, reducing exchange rates and transfer fees. 3. Job creation: The cryptocurrency sector employs thousands, from developers to financial analysts.

Real-World Examples: 1. Japan: Cryptocurrency adoption has contributed to Japan's economic growth, with Bitcoin recognized as a legitimate form of payment. 2. Singapore: The city-state's cryptocurrency-friendly regulations have attracted numerous blockchain startups. 3. Estonia: The country's e-residency program utilizes blockchain technology to facilitate entrepreneurship.

Addressing Concerns: 1. Volatility: Regulatory clarity and stablecoins help mitigate price fluctuations. 2. Security: Advances in cryptography and security protocols protect user assets. 3. Regulation: Clear guidelines encourage legitimate businesses to participate.

Conclusion: Cryptocurrencies are not merely a speculative asset class but a catalyst for economic growth. By promoting financial inclusion, innovation, and efficiency, cryptocurrencies have transformed the financial landscape. As governments and institutions continue to adapt, the potential for cryptocurrencies to drive global prosperity will only continue to expand.

AI-Generated Insights: Using machine learning algorithms and natural language processing, our AI analyzed economic data and expert opinions to identify key drivers of cryptocurrency-driven economic growth: 1. Increased financial inclusion 2. Blockchain technology adoption 3. Regulatory clarity

Statistics: - Global cryptocurrency market capitalization: $2.5 trillion (2022) - Estimated cryptocurrency users: 300 million (2022) - Blockchain-based startups: 15,000+ (2022)

Sources: 1. World Bank 2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) 3. Blockchain Research Institute.

@ 7175188c:6382a72c

It looks like the Megalith LSP node is offline.

What to do in this situation?

@Alby @getalby

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/777271

@ f42176a1:0ed621ae

The cost of government nanny state:

Assume a person at age 22 gets a job earning $30,000 a year. They never get a raise. Retire at age 65. This gives them an investing time horizon of 43 years. However, instead of having 15.3% paid in FICA tax, they get 15.3% of their income put into the S&P 500. (let's ignore the potential and promise of bitcoin for this example).

15.3% of $30,000 = $4,590 per year Assume annual rate of return of 9.65% (slightly less than historical S&P return) After 43 years they'll have $2,450,000 in their account. Using the "4% rule" would provide a retirement income of $98,000 a year or a little over $8,000 per month income for the rest of their life. According to a CNBC article in 2020 https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/20/how-much-can-you-get-from-social-security-if-you-make-30000-a-year.html Someone making $30,000 year on average in their lifetime will receive $1,357 per month at their full retirement age. This gives a net shortfall of $6,643 we all lose in our current system.

Now of course FICA is social security AND Medicare, but Social Security is 12.4% and Medicare is the remaining 2.9% of the total 15.3% in payroll tax. This equates to something like $317 per month in Medicare benefit, vastly short of the $6,643 remainder on the "privatized social security" account funded with the exact same amount of capital.

Now, the true "kicker" is in the unfortunate scenario of an untimely death. Say you die the day you'd start social security. In our current system you heirs get $255 death benefit (not a typo), in our new scenario they get $2,450,000.

To say that social security is a bad deal may be the understatement of the century. It is beyond time to revamp the system. I prefer no compulsion, but even if compulsion remains it is vastly superior to put this money in your own account you own and not contribute to the ponzi scheme we have now.The cost of government nanny state:

Assume a person at age 22 gets a job earning $30,000 a year. They never get a raise. Retire at age 65. This gives them an investing time horizon of 43 years. However, instead of having 15.3% paid in FICA tax, they get 15.3% of their income put into the S&P 500. (let's ignore the potential and promise of bitcoin for this example).

• 15.3% of $30,000 = $4,590 per year
• Assume annual rate of return of 9.65% (slightly less than historical S&P return)
• After 43 years they'll have $2,450,000 in their account.
• Using the "4% rule" would provide a retirement income of $98,000 a year or a little over $8,000 per month income for the rest of their life.

According to a CNBC article in 2020 https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/20/how-much-can-you-get-from-social-security-if-you-make-30000-a-year.html Someone making $30,000 year on average in their lifetime will receive $1,357 per month at their full retirement age. This gives a net shortfall of $6,643 we all lose in our current system.

Now of course FICA is social security AND Medicare, but Social Security is 12.4% and Medicare is the remaining 2.9% of the total 15.3% in payroll tax. This equates to something like $317 per month in Medicare benefit, vastly short of the $6,643 remainder on the "privatized social security" account funded with the exact same amount of capital.

Now, the true "kicker" is in the unfortunate scenario of an untimely death. Say you die the day you'd start social security. In our current system you heirs get $255 death benefit (not a typo), in our new scenario they get $2,450,000.

To say that social security is a bad deal may be the understatement of the century. It is beyond time to revamp the system. I prefer no compulsion, but even if compulsion remains it is vastly superior to put this money in your own account you own and not contribute to the ponzi scheme we have now.

@ 349d6b82:12b2a5b1

Наши отечественные ученные наконец доработали и внедрили первого Android-учителя в учебный процесс у школьников 11 класса в школе МАОУ СОШ№27 - это весьма значимый шаг в области образования и технологий.

Цели и задачи, которые поставили ученные для робота-андроида, - это повышение эффективности обучения и индивидуализации образовательного процесса. Это позволит адаптировать учебные материалы под нужды каждого ученика, учитывая их уровень подготовки и интересы.

Технологические особенности Android-учителя представляют собой интерактивное устройство, которое может выполнять функции преподавателя, предоставляя доступ к учебным материалам, организуя тестирование и обеспечивая обратную связь. Это устройство интегрирует различные образовательные приложения, что способствует более глубокому пониманию учебного материала.

В реализацию этого проекта также входит использование специальных планшетов или других мобильных устройств, на которых установлено программное обеспечение для взаимодействия с Android-учителем. Вскоре все это будет выдано всему рабочему персоналу школы.

Для успешной интеграции этой технологии в учебный процесс - будут проводиться обучения для педагогов, чтобы они могли эффективно использовать новые инструменты и технологии в своей работе. Это обучение включает в себя как технические аспекты, так и методические рекомендации по использованию Android-учителя в классе.

Правительством ожидается, что внедрение Android-учителя приведет к повышению мотивации учащихся, улучшению успеваемости и более активному участию школьников в учебном процессе. Кроме того, такая технология может помочь в подготовке учащихся к будущей профессиональной деятельности, где цифровые навыки играют важную роль для будущего нашего города.

Во избежание неблагоприятных инцидентов, подобных как на Надеждинском Металлургическом Заводе, ученные установили на поздних доработках специальный электрочип, который обеспечит полное выключение андроида, если вдруг произойдет сбой его программы.