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@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0
2025-05-12 14:50:36A posição do libertário que rejeita o cristianismo padece de sérias incoerências lógicas, históricas e filosóficas. Ao renegar as bases espirituais e culturais que tornaram possível o próprio ideal libertário, tal posição demonstra ser, ao mesmo tempo, autofágica e irracional. É o caso de alguém que se gloria dos frutos de uma árvore que corta pela raiz.
I. Fundamento histórico: a civilização da liberdade é cristã
Não foi o secularismo moderno, nem o paganismo antigo, que ergueram as instituições que protegem a dignidade da pessoa humana e os limites ao poder. Desde os primeiros séculos, a Igreja resistiu ao culto estatal romano, afirmando a soberania de Deus sobre os Césares — "Mais importa obedecer a Deus que aos homens" (Atos 5,29).
Foi o cristianismo que:
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Fundou universidades livres, onde o saber era buscado sob o primado da verdade;
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Defendeu a lei natural como fundamento do direito — uma doutrina que protege o indivíduo contra tiranias;
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Resgatou e aprofundou o conceito de pessoa, dotada de razão e livre-arbítrio, imagem de Deus, e, portanto, inalienavelmente digna e responsável.
Em momentos-chave da história, como nas disputas entre papado e império, nas resistências contra absolutismos, e na fundação do direito internacional por Francisco de Vitoria e a Escola de Salamanca, foi o cristianismo quem freou o poder estatal em nome de princípios superiores. A tradição cristã foi frequentemente o principal obstáculo à tirania, não seu aliado.
Negar isso é amputar a própria genealogia da liberdade ocidental.
Uma das chaves do cristianismo para a construção dessa civilização da liberdade foi a exaltação do individualismo. Ao afirmar que o ser humano é feito à imagem de Deus e que sua salvação é uma escolha pessoal, o cristianismo colocou o indivíduo no centro da moralidade e da liberdade. Diferente dos gregos, cuja ética era voltada para a polis e a cidade-estado, o cristianismo reafirma a suprema importância do indivíduo, com sua capacidade de escolha moral, responsabilidade pessoal e dignidade intrínseca. Esse princípio, mais do que qualquer outra religião, foi o alicerce do desenvolvimento da liberdade individual e da autonomia, valores que sustentam a civilização ocidental.
A ética grega, na melhor das hipóteses, descreve a ordem natural — mas não consegue justificar por que essa ordem deveria obrigar a vontade humana. Um Logos impessoal não tem autoridade moral. Uma ordem cósmica sem um Legislador é apenas um dado de fato, não uma norma vinculante. A vontade pode rebelar-se contra o telos — e sem um Deus justo, que ordena a natureza à perfeição, não há razão última para não o fazer.
A cultura grega teve uma influência indiscutível sobre o desenvolvimento da civilização ocidental, mas o cristianismo não só absorveu o que havia de bom na cultura grega, como também elevou e completou esses aspectos. O cristianismo, ao afirmar que todos os homens são feitos à imagem e semelhança de Deus e têm dignidade intrínseca, levou a uma noção de igualdade moral e liberdade que transcende as limitações da pólis grega.
II. Falsa dicotomia: fé e liberdade não são opostas
Com frequência equiparam a religião à coerção e à obediência cega. Mas isso é um equívoco: o cristianismo não se impõe pela força, mas apela à consciência. O próprio Deus, em sua relação com a criatura racional, respeita sua liberdade. Como ensina a Escritura:
"Se alguém quiser vir após mim..." (Mt 16,24);
"Eis que estou à porta e bato. Se alguém ouvir a minha voz e abrir a porta, entrarei em sua casa e cearei com ele." (Ap 3,20);
"Assim falai, e assim procedei, como devendo ser julgados pela lei da liberdade." (Tiago 2,12).A adesão à fé deve ser livre, voluntária e racional, pois sem liberdade não há verdadeiro mérito, nem amor genuíno. Isso é mais compatível com o princípio de não agressão do que qualquer utopia secular. Ora, o núcleo do evangelho é voluntarista: salvação pessoal, conversão interior, caridade.
Ninguém deve ser forçado, contra sua vontade, a abraçar a fé, pois o ato de fé é por sua natureza voluntário (Dignitatis Humanae; CDC, cân. 748,2)
Se algum Estado usa da força para impor o cristianismo, afirmar que o cristianismo causou as coerções é tão equivocado quanto dizer que a propriedade privada causa o comunismo; é uma inversão da realidade, pois o comunismo surge precisamente da violação da propriedade. Portanto, a fé forçada é inválida em si mesma, pois viola a natureza do ato de crer, que deve ser livre.
III. Fundamento moral: sem transcendência, o libertarianismo flutua no vácuo
O libertário anticristão busca defender princípios objetivos — como a inviolabilidade do indivíduo e a ilegitimidade da agressão — sem um fundamento transcendente que lhes dê validade universal. Por que a agressão é errada? Por que alguém tem direito à vida, à liberdade, à propriedade? Sem uma explicação transcendental, as respostas para tais perguntas se tornam apenas opiniões ou convenções, não obrigações morais vinculantes. Se a moralidade é puramente humana, então os direitos podem ser modificados ou ignorados conforme a vontade da sociedade. O conceito de direitos naturais, tão caro ao libertarianismo, precisa de um solo metafísico que justifique sua universalidade e imutabilidade. Caso contrário, eles podem ser tratados apenas como acordos utilitários temporários ou preferências culturais, sem qualquer obrigatoriedade para todos os seres humanos em todas as circunstâncias.
Pensadores libertários seculares, como Ayn Rand e Murray Rothbard, tentaram ancorar os direitos naturais na razão humana ou na natureza do homem. Rand baseia sua ética no egoísmo racional, enquanto Rothbard apela à lei natural. Embora essas abordagens busquem objetividade, elas carecem de uma resposta definitiva para por que a razão ou a natureza humana obrigam moralmente todos os indivíduos. Sem um fundamento transcendente, suas concepções permanecem vulneráveis a interpretações subjetivas ou a cálculos utilitários.
Aqui, o cristianismo oferece uma explicação sólida e transcendental que fundamenta os direitos naturais. A visão cristã de que o ser humano foi criado à imagem e semelhança de Deus confere à pessoa uma dignidade intrínseca, imutável e universal. Essa dignidade não depende de fatores externos, como consenso social ou poder político, mas é uma característica inerente ao ser humano pela sua criação divina. A partir dessa perspectiva teológica, torna-se possível afirmar com base sólida que os direitos naturais são dados por Deus e, portanto, são universais e vinculantes.
O cristianismo também é a base de um sistema moral que distingue claramente justiça de legalidade. O Estado pode criar leis, mas isso não significa que essas leis sejam justas. A justiça, sob a ótica cristã, é uma expressão da ordem moral objetiva, algo que transcende as leis humanas e é definido pela vontade divina. Por isso, o libertarianismo cristão vê a agressão como uma violação de uma ordem moral objetiva, e não apenas uma violação de uma convenção social ou de um acordo utilitário.
Se a moralidade e os direitos naturais não forem fundamentados em um Logos criador e legislador, o que acontece é que o conceito de direito natural degenera para algo mais frágil, como um simples acordo utilitário. Nesse cenário, os direitos do indivíduo se tornam algo acordado entre os membros de uma sociedade, em vez de princípios imutáveis e universais. Os direitos podem ser negociados, alterados ou ignorados conforme o interesse do momento.
IV. Fundamento científico: a racionalidade moderna é filha da fé cristã
A ciência moderna só foi possível no contexto cultural cristão. Nenhuma outra civilização — nem a grega, nem a islâmica, nem a chinesa — produziu o método científico como o Ocidente cristão o fez.
Isso se deve a quatro premissas teológicas:
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Criação racional: O mundo é ordenado por um Deus racional.
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Distinção entre Criador e criatura: A natureza não é divina e pode ser estudada sem sacrilégio.
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Valor do trabalho e da observação empírica, herdado do monaquismo.
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Autonomia institucional, presente nas universidades medievais.
A doutrina cristã da Criação ex nihilo ensina que o mundo foi criado por um Deus racional, sábio e pessoal. Portanto, o cosmos é ordenado, possui leis, e pode ser compreendido pela razão humana — que é imagem do Criador. Isso contrasta fortemente com as cosmovisões panteístas ou mitológicas, onde o mundo é cíclico, arbitrário ou habitado por forças caprichosas.
Sem essa fé no Logos criador, não há razão para crer que a natureza tenha uma ordem inteligível universal e constante, que pode ser descoberta por observação e dedução. A ciência moderna só é possível porque, antes de investigar a natureza, pressupôs-se que ela era investigável — e isso foi uma herança direta do pensamento cristão.
Homens como Bacon, Newton, Kepler e Galileu viam na ciência um modo de glorificar o Criador. O ateísmo cientificista é, portanto, parasitário da teologia cristã, pois toma seus frutos e rejeita suas raízes. A ciência moderna nasceu como filha legítima da fé cristã. E os que hoje a usam contra sua mãe, ou são ingratos, ou ignorantes.
V. O cristianismo como barreira à revolução cultural
O cristianismo é a barreira mais sólida contra a infiltração revolucionária. A chamada "marcha gramsciana", que visa corroer os fundamentos morais da sociedade para subjugar o indivíduo ao coletivo, encontra sua resistência mais firme nos princípios cristãos. A fé cristã, ao proclamar a existência de uma verdade objetiva, de uma lei moral imutável e de uma dignidade humana que transcende o Estado e o consenso social, imuniza a civilização contra o relativismo e o igualitarismo nivelador do marxismo cultural.
Além disso, o cristianismo é uma tradição milenar, profundamente enraizada no cotidiano das pessoas, não sendo uma novidade a ser imposta ou implementada, mas uma força presente há séculos, que permeia a estrutura social, moral e cultural da sociedade. Sua presença constante nas comunidades, desde os tempos mais antigos, oferece uma resistência robusta contra qualquer tentativa de subverter a ordem natural e moral estabelecida.
Não por acaso, tanto Karl Marx quanto Antonio Gramsci identificaram no cristianismo o principal obstáculo à realização de seus projetos revolucionários. Marx chamou a religião de "ópio do povo" porque sabia que uma alma ancorada em Deus não se submete facilmente ao poder terreno; Gramsci, mais sutil, propôs a destruição da cultura cristã como pré-condição para o triunfo do socialismo. Sem essa âncora transcendente, a sociedade torna-se presa fácil das engenharias sociais que pretendem redefinir arbitrariamente o homem, a família e a liberdade.
Conclusão
O libertário anticristão, consciente ou não, nega as fundações mesmas do edifício que habita. Ao rejeitar o cristianismo, cava o abismo sob os próprios pés, privando o ideal libertário de sua base moral, cultural e racional. Ele defende a ética voluntária, a liberdade individual e a ordem espontânea, mas sem o solo metafísico e histórico que torna esses princípios inteligíveis e possíveis. É um erro tentar preservar a liberdade em termos absolutos sem reconhecer as raízes cristãs que a sustentam, pois o cristianismo é a única tradição que a legitima e a viabiliza.
Negar o cristianismo é racionalmente insustentável. A liberdade, como a conhecemos, é filha da fé cristã, que oferece a base moral e metafísica que torna a liberdade tanto desejável quanto possível. Mesmo que ateu, o libertário que ama a liberdade deveria, no mínimo, respeitar — e, idealmente, redescobrir — essas raízes cristãs. Pois sem fé, restam apenas o niilismo e o relativismo, que, eventualmente, desaguam na servidão.
Como nos ensina a tradição: Ubi fides ibi libertas — onde há fé, há liberdade.
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@ 95543309:196c540e
2025-05-11 12:42:09Lets see if this works with the blossom upload and without markdown hassle.
:cat:
https://blossom.primal.net/73a099f931366732c18dd60da82db6ef65bb368eb96756f07d9fa7a8a3644009.mp4
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@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2
2025-05-12 14:00:42Hostr
Hive + Nostr = Hostr, a bidirectional bridge.
Hostr is a bidirectional bridge between Nostr and Hive. What you post on one is automatically cross-posted to the other. (See SETUP.md if you want to jump right in and run it.)
This is experimental. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk.
Nostr and Hive have differences, mainly, Nostr is a protocol and Hive is a blockchain. Nostr does not have a token, although bitcoin is much-loved and used across Nostr. Hive has two main tokens: HIVE and the HBD stablecoin. More importantly, Nostr and Hive have similarities. Both are decentralized and censorship resistant thanks to users owning and controlling their own private keys.
Nostr users - why you might want to bridge to Hive
I feel the #1 reason a Nostr user might wish to use this bridge is to permanently store and chronicle your Nostr notes.
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Immutability for your Nostr notes. Your notes on Nostr are held on relays; if they go away, your notes go away. (There was a “nosdrive.app” backup, however I do not believe it’s still working.) Hive is immutable. There is no "delete" and even an “edit” on Hive does not erase the original. Like with a wiki page, a Hive edit shows the most recent version, but the original still remains historically. This would give Nostr users a permanent record of their notes in chronological order.
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Hive is an excellent long form blogging platform with stable and persistent links. Finding old Nostr notes can be difficult.
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Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will bridge off of the Nostr island and be opened to 10-30,000 daily Hive users. Go to https://peakd.com/c/hive-133987 and look for “Hive statistics” to see numbers.
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Earn rewards in HIVE and HBD. “Likes” on Nostr do not reward you monetarily, but every upvote on Hive yields rewards. For bitcoin maxis, these tokens can easily be swapped into sats with tools like the https://v4v.app web app, or others.
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Help grow Nostr. Every note that bridges over to Hive will have a footer saying something like, “This note originated on Nostr,” with a link back to your Nostr note on njump.me. On that page, a "Join Nostr" button is prominent.
Hive users - why you might want to bridge to Nostr
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Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will be bridged off the Hive island and be opened to 17-18,000 daily users. See https://stats.nostr.band for Nostr stats.
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Earn bitcoin sats in the form of “zaps.” Nostr does not have a token. But, it has a strong culture of zapping (tipping) bitcoin satoshis to other users to reward quality content. Memes are loved and often zapped too.
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Unlimited posting. Nostr is not held back by posting or activity limitations, such as with Resource Credits or community norms that frown on posting too often.
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Even more censorship resistance. Hive is truly censorship-free in that posted content, no matter the content, does indeed posted. However, front ends can choose to show or not show content that the community has downvoted. Nostr is more free speech or censorship resistant...you post it, it's posted. (Relays can choose to relay it or not, accept it or reject it, but you could run your own relay.)
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Help grow Hive. Every post that bridges over to Nostr will have a footer saying something like, “This post originated on Hive,” with a link back to your Hive blockchain post. This brings wider exposure to Hive.
Quirks about Nostr and Hive
If you’re unfamiliar with Nostr, it has a few quirks:
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You have one private key, called an “nsec”. It goes along with your “npub”, your public key. Your npub is your username, your nsec IS your account.
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You simply need an nsec, then a “client” which is a front end.
- You need to add “relays” to your client in order to connect. This is very easy, but how to do it depends on the client. Client's usually walk you through this when you start.
- Short form content (like the old "Tweets") are called kind 1 notes. Long form notes, like most Hive posts, are called kind 30023.
If you’re unfamiliar with Hive, it has more quirks:
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Hive has five private keys, yes, five. Each has a specific purpose. From least powerful to most powerful, they are: posting key (to post), active key (to move tokens), owner key (to do anything), memo key (to dm/pm), and backup/master private key (to totally restore all keys). Don’t worry about all the keys. For Hostr, we only deal with posting notes/posts, so the posting key is all we deal with.
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Hive has a culture of frowning on posting too often. Doing so can be seen as trying to milk the HIVE/HBD rewards that you gain from upvotes. Too much posting can be viewed as spamming and result in downvotes (this hurts your Web-of-Trust score, called “reputation” on Hive, and is shown alongside your username; you want to grow and keep your reputation up). The chain also has a 5-minute cool-down rule coded in: after posting, you cannot post for another five minutes.
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Additionally, to avoid spam, Hive actions burn “Resource Credits” or RCs. Think of RCs as the charge % in your phone battery. Every action on Hive uses RCs, so they dwindle with every use. Posting is high in RC cost. Bad news: if you run out of RCs, you’re unable to do things on Hive. Good news: RCs also recharge. If out of RCs, you can wait and then do things later. For the Hostr script, over-posting means the script will post until RCs are exhausted, then it will stall until RCs are recharged, post again, stall, etc. You can check your RCs in many places, such as a Hive explorer like https://hivescan.info and entering your Hive username. If you have RC issues, reach out for help.
You don't want to over-post on Hive. To avoid over-posting, Hostr has two versions of the script:
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bidirectional-longform30023.js
- Nostr ➡️ Hive - Listens only for kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes to bridge over to Hive. Kind 1 short form notes are ignored.
- Hive ➡️ Nostr - Any Hive post over 380 characters gets truncated as a kind 1 (short form) Nostr note (with a link back to the full Hive post).
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bidirectional-bridge.js
- Nostr➡️Hive - This script listens for both kind 1 (short form) and kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes and bridges both over to Hive.
- Hive ➡️ Nostr - Same as above (380+ is truncated).
Which script version should I use?
- If you post frequently on Nostr (more than 2 times per day?), the bidirectional-longform30023.js script is likely best. Per Hive community norms, you don't want to post too often on there. With this script version, only long form notes will bridge over from Nostr to Hive.
- For newcomers to Hive, I would start with this script to be safe.
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If in doubt, use this script.
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If you post infrequently on Nostr (2 times per day or fewer?), the bidirectional-bridge.js (both kinds 1 and 30023) might work fine for you.
Nostr users - how to begin
You’ll need a Hive account. You can see sign-up options at https://signup.hive.io. Some options are free, others are not. I (crrdlx) have some free “VIP tickets” to sign up with and you are welcome to use one if you wish, see https://crrdlx.vercel.app/hive-vip-ticket.html. If the tickets there are already spent, contact me and I'll get you set up.
As with Nostr, the critical thing with a Hive account is saving your keys. Hive has multiple keys, just save them all. We’ll only use the “posting key” for the Hostr bridge, however. The other keys can be used on Hive if you wish. (For instance, the "active key" is used to handle your HIVE/HBD rewards earned, the "memo key" for private messages.)
Once signed up (and keys are safe), you can adjust your Hive account/profile using any Hive front end like https://peakd.com/username, https://ecency.com/username, or https://hive.blog/username. Just remember, every action on Hive burns RCs, keep an eye on that.
You can learn more about Hive at https://hivewiki.vercel.app if you wish.
See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.
Hive users - how to begin
You’ll need a Nostr account. Getting a Nostr "account" is nothing more than generating keys. A simple way to do this is at https://nstart.me If you wish to dig into details, take a look at http://nostrwiki.crrdlx.infinityfreeapp.com/doku.php?id=wiki:get-started
As with Hive, you simply need to safely store your private keys. On Nostr, your private key is called your “nsec” (sec, as in “secret”). Your public key is your “npub” (pub, as in "public"). Your nsec is all you need, but just so you know, your private key comes in two formats: (a) your nsec, and (b) the “hex” form (same key, just different forms). With the Hostr bridge, we’ll use the hex private key. Depending on how you join Nostr, your hex key may be given to you at sign up. But, even if it's not, you can always check back-and-forth between nsec and hex keys using a tool like https://nostrtool.com and choosing "Load a privkey from nsec/hex".
Again, just save your nsec and/or hex private key and you’re set.
You can learn more about Nostr at https://nostrwiki.vercel.app if you wish.
See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.
Setting up the Hostr bridge
To set up the bridge, see SETUP.md in the repo below. The Hostr bridge has a bit of technicals behind it, but don't get intimidated. Because technical things change, I’ll keep the technical how-to instructions housed at https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr
Disclaimer
This is an experimental bridge. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk. Source code: https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr
Built with ❤️ by crrdlx
Connect on Hive: @crrdlx
Connect on Nostr: nostr:npub1qpdufhjpel94srm3ett2azgf49m9dp3n5nm2j0rt0l2mlmc3ux3qza082j
All contacts: https://linktr.ee/crrdlx
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@ 7459d333:f207289b
2025-05-10 10:38:56Description: Just as Bitcoin enabled sovereignty over money, a decentralized shipping protocol would enable sovereignty over trade. An LN/Bisq inspired shipping protocol could create an unstoppable free market.
Bitcoin gave us monetary sovereignty, freeing us from central bank manipulation, inflation, and censorship. But there's a missing link in our freedom journey: the physical world of goods.
The Problem: Even with Bitcoin, global trade remains at the mercy of: - Arbitrary tariffs and import restrictions - Political censorship of goods - Privacy invasion of shipping information - Centralized shipping carriers
The Vision: A decentralized shipping protocol with these properties:
- "Onion-routed" packages: Each carrier only knows the previous and next hop
- Bitcoin-secured multi-sig escrow: Funds locked until package delivery confirmed
- Incentive alignment: Carriers set their own fees based on risk assessment
- Privacy tiers: Options for inspected vs. sealed packages with appropriate pricing
- End-to-end sovereignty: Sender and receiver maintain control, intermediate carriers just fulfill their role
How it could work:
- Sender creates shipping request with package details and destination
- Protocol finds optimal route through independent carriers
- Each hop secured by multi-sig deposits larger than package value
- Carriers only see next hop, not ultimate destination
- Reputation systems and economic incentives maintain integrity
This creates a free market where any individual can participate as a carrier, earning Bitcoin for facilitating trade. Just like Lightning Network nodes, anyone can open "channels" with trusted partners.
Impact: This would enable true free market principles globally, making artificial trade barriers obsolete and empowering individuals to engage in voluntary exchange regardless of geographic or political boundaries.
There are a lot of challenges. But the first question is if this is a real problem and if its worth solving it.
What components would need development first? How would you solve the physical handoff challenges?
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976326
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@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b
2025-05-12 12:23:54警惕:那些“帮你”保管密钥的人
—— 多签钱包中的隐形风险与逻辑陷阱
“我们可以帮您设置一个更安全的钱包。” 这句话,听上去就像是关心,其实却可能是一次有预谋的接管。
摘要
多签钱包被广泛视为提升数字资产安全性的“进阶方案”,尤其适用于不希望将所有信任寄托于单一点故障(如一把私钥)的人群。然而,在这些看似“民主化”、“抗单点失败”的技术结构背后,仍潜藏着极为隐秘且被低估的风险。
本文聚焦两类常见却高度隐蔽的逻辑攻击模型:
- 替换 xpub 并接管下一层级地址生成;
- 伪造
k-of-n
多签结构,在形式上给予用户参与感,实则实现单人提款。
在未引入 Taproot 的传统多签结构下,这类攻击已能轻易完成。而即便在 Taproot 和 MuSig2 合约模型下,攻击者也可以借助合成结构进一步隐藏其篡改行为。
本报告不仅梳理攻击逻辑,更强调“人性中的信任误区”——攻击者不需要主动索取密钥,只需要维持友善形象,自会有用户主动递交钥匙。更令人警惕的是,在某些极端场景下,这类“被信任的服务商”甚至可能向受害者收取“保管密钥”的费用后再实施盗窃,形成双重获利。
Taproot 虽然在结构上增强了隐私与复杂性,但也使验证逻辑失去了可直观还原的优势。随着时间推移、服务厂商退出市场乃至私有恢复流程被锁死,用户极可能落入无法恢复的“密钥黑箱”中。
阅读本文,希望你能意识到:
真正的安全,从不是托付给别人帮你“多签”,而是你真正理解你签了什么、和谁签的、签名之后将通往哪一个脚本。
多签钱包的逻辑攻击向量分析
以 xpub 替换与伪造 k-of-n 结构为例
攻击模型一:替换 xpub 实现地址劫持
场景设定
攻击者假扮为友好的钱包初始化服务者,主动提出“免费帮你生成一个更安全的多签钱包”。表面上,他为你设置了标准的 HD 多签结构,实际上却在关键的派生路径中,悄悄将本应由你或另一个可信方持有的 xpub 替换为他自己的。
在 HD 钱包结构(例如 BIP45、BIP67)中,用户通常无法直观验证每一个新地址是否仍属于原来的签名组。这种设计让“看上去很安全”的地址,可能早已成为攻击者可完全支配的提款口袋。
攻击结构(逻辑表示)
- 假设多签参与者为
P1, P2, P3
- 攻击者控制伪造者身份
P1'
,实际替代掉用户的P1
- 地址生成函数为:
Addr = f(xpub(P1'), xpub(P2), xpub(P3))
- 用户未验证 xpub 时,成立:
∃ Addr_i ∈ wallet, spendable_by(attacker)
换言之,钱包中的某些地址虽然看起来正常,但已可被攻击者花费。
人性陷阱提示
用户往往不认为“地址生成这件事”是需要人工检查的,特别是在使用 Ledger、Trezor 等硬件钱包时形成了“签名即安全”的错觉。而攻击者只需一次替换,就能悄悄监视整个钱包生命周期。
更重要的是,攻击者不需要向你“索取密钥”,他只需维持友善、专业甚至略带“为你好”的姿态。在 100 个用户中,总会有一部分人,在受到“信任感”与“他人看起来更专业”的影响下,主动提出将某个密钥托管给对方,甚至支付一定“密钥保管费”作为安全保障。这类行为并非愚蠢,而是人性的一部分。
这种松懈与依赖,背后深植着心理学上著名的「责任分散效应(diffusion of responsibility)」。当责任从“自己一人持有私钥”转变为“我们多人共同掌控”时,大脑会自动削弱“必须百分百保护密钥”的紧迫感;一旦密钥有三份或五份,人就会默认“即使我丢了一份也无所谓”,由此降低警惕,弱化加密习惯的执行力度。
尤其是在多签结构下,密钥不再是“唯一真理”。你开始认为:“我只是 n-of-m 的一员”,进而产生 安全责任稀释(safety dilution)。举个例子:如果你的 seed words 是唯一的,你很可能将其写在一张专用纸上,藏入防火袋,存放于密封保险箱中;但一旦你拥有的是 3-of-5 多签中的一份,你可能就只是把它存在 Evernote、存图于手机相册,或者发给自己 Telegram 备份——并自我安慰说:“这只是其中一把钥匙,又不怕。”
这正是攻击者渗透的最佳入口。他无需破解密码学算法,仅凭理解人性中的懒惰、依赖与责任下沉机制,就足以发起极具杀伤力的社会工程攻击。
提醒:没有人例外。你的安全不是由数学公式决定,而是由你是否对它持续保持敬畏与冷静判断所决定的。
Taproot 下的隐蔽性升级
在 Taproot + MuSig2 合约结构中:
- 合成公钥如:
P = H(P1 + P2 + P3)
- 用户无法从地址推导出其组成
- 所有 pubkey 被掩盖,无任何可读性结构泄露
结果:攻击者替换某个 xpub 之后,哪怕是资深用户,也无法通过比对地址结构来发现任何异常。
攻击模型二:伪造 k-of-n 多签脚本结构
场景设定
攻击者承诺为你部署一个“非常安全”的
2-of-3
多签钱包。然而他实际创建的却是一个1-of-3
结构,并诱导你保留或交出其中一个密钥。用户一旦信任其脚本不可见性(或 UI 模糊性),资金注入该地址之后,攻击者即可单独提款。
攻击结构(逻辑描述)
- 正确脚本应为:
OP_2 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
- 实际被构造为:
OP_1 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG
- 用户错误地相信:
user_believes(k=2) ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → safe
- 但实际上:
real_k = 1 ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → attacker_can_spend
成立条件
- 用户未能验证 redeem script
- 钱包界面(UI 或 PSBT)未明确标识 k 值与脚本结构
- 攻击者拥有脚本定义权,或 UI 权限
人性陷阱提示
这类攻击往往并非“高技术”,而是利用用户对脚本结构的无感。尤其是当攻击者扮演“技术专家”时,用户往往不具备审查 redeem script 的能力或意识。攻击者甚至可以用“给你设置一个冷备密钥”作为幌子,骗取部分 key,并收取额外费用。
多签攻击模型对比分析(无表格)
- 攻击类型一:xpub 替换
- 本质:公钥注入
- 隐蔽性:极高(生成地址完全正常)
- 关键条件:用户未验证每个 xpub
-
Taproot 是否能规避:否,反而更难发现
-
攻击类型二:伪造 k-of-n
- 本质:脚本结构欺骗
- 隐蔽性:中等(需查看 redeem script 才能识别)
- 关键条件:用户不懂脚本,UI 不展示结构
- Taproot 是否能规避:否,合约结构反而隐藏了更多细节
安全建议(基于当前攻击模型)
- 强制在 UI 中完整展示所有 xpub、合成地址派生路径与对应签名人列表
- 如 Coldcard 的二维码验证机制
- 用户必须自行保存每个 xpub,并可验证任一地址确实源自该集合派生
- 多签钱包必须提供可见 redeem script 的界面与 k 值校验提示
- 不接受“帮你配置好了”的 UI 黑箱
- Taproot 虽增强隐私,但也加剧验证障碍
- 若使用合签结构,应避免依赖第三方界面进行签名决策
- 始终优先使用硬件钱包本地签名流程,避免通过 Web 或中间服务生成交易
真实案例分析
1. Coldcard 硬件钱包的 xpub 替换漏洞
2021 年,安全研究员 benma 发现 Coldcard 硬件钱包在注册多签钱包时,未验证自身是否为多签钱包的一部分。这使得恶意计算机钱包可以用攻击者控制的 xpub 替换多签 xpub,同时仍通过所有用户验证。所有接收到此多签钱包的币随后可以随时转移到攻击者的钱包。
来源:benma.github.io2. Bybit 交易所的多签钱包被黑事件
2025 年 2 月,Bybit 交易所的多签冷钱包在一次例行转账中被黑,损失约 14.6 亿美元。该钱包使用 2-of-3 多签设置,意味着需要三位授权签名人中的两位批准交易。用户界面显示了合法的目标地址,并且 URL 与受信任的多签提供商 Safe 相关联。但这是一种欺骗。黑客利用硬件钱包中的“盲签名”漏洞,使设备只能显示交易的哈希,从而掩盖了一个更改,使攻击者控制了钱包的智能合约。
来源:certora.com3. Parity 多签钱包漏洞
2017 年,Parity 多签钱包版本 1.5+ 中发现了一个漏洞,允许攻击者窃取超过 150,000 ETH(约 3000 万美元)。攻击者向受影响的合约发送两个交易:第一个获取多签的独占所有权,第二个移动其所有资金。
来源:blog.openzeppelin.com
攻击流程图解
- 建立信任:攻击者以技术专家或受信任的服务提供商身份接近受害者,提出帮助设置多签钱包。
- 替换 xpub:在设置过程中,攻击者用自己控制的 xpub 替换原本应由用户或第三方控制的 xpub。
- 生成地址:攻击者生成看似正常的多签地址,并展示给用户,用户未进行验证。
- 资金注入:用户将资金转入这些地址,认为资金安全。
- 资金转移:攻击者利用控制的私钥,单方面将资金转出,用户无法察觉。
参考文献
附录:攻击面分析——为何 xpub 替换是多签特有的风险?
单签钱包是否存在 xpub 替换攻击?
答案:否。
在单签钱包结构中(如 BIP32/BIP39 衍生的标准钱包):
- 钱包只依赖一个 xpub,并且这个 xpub 是从用户私钥派生而来;
- Coldcard、Trezor 等硬件钱包会自动根据本地 seed 派生地址,无需输入外部 xpub;
- 用户可以通过设备显示屏确认“这是我派生出来的地址”,不存在外部注入路径。
因此:xpub 替换在单签钱包中不存在攻击面,攻击路径被封死。
多签钱包为什么引入了 xpub 攻击面?
多签钱包(如 2-of-3、3-of-5)需要以下信息来生成地址:
- 所有参与者的 xpub;
- 公钥排序规则(如 BIP67);
- 多签脚本模板(如 OP_2
OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG); - 每个 key 的派生路径(如 m/48'/0'/0'/2'/0/1);
这就意味着,用户必须信任这些输入的 xpub 是来自真正的签名方。如果攻击者悄悄将其中某一份换成自己控制的 xpub,那他就自动成为地址共管人,甚至是单签人。
Coldcard 攻击案例回顾:
- 用户通过 PSBT 模板或 JSON 导入多签配置;
- 攻击者在其中替换了某一参与者的 xpub;
- Coldcard 在旧版本中未提示或验证该替换;
- 用户生成地址、发送资金,攻击者即可随时提取。
攻击面比较表
- 单签钱包
- 不接收外部 xpub,派生路径完全由设备掌控;
- 地址来源明确、签名单一;
-
xpub 替换攻击无效。
-
多签钱包
- 依赖多个外部 xpub 合成结构;
- 用户很难手动验证每一条 xpub 与 fingerprint;
- xpub 替换为高危攻击点。
Taproot 是否规避了 xpub 替换问题?
部分规避,但引入了新的验证难题。
Taproot + MuSig2 等结构通过将多个 pubkey 合成为一个点:
P = H(P1 + P2 + P3)
这确实可以隐藏合约结构,提升隐私,但也导致:
- 用户无法从地址还原参与者是谁;
- 如果其中一个公钥被攻击者替换,生成的地址仍然合法;
- 用户在链上看不到任何异常,但攻击者已取得合约控制权。
因此:Taproot 并未从根本上消除 xpub 替换的攻击面,反而因为其不可还原性使得攻击更加隐蔽。
总结
多签钱包之所以引入新的攻击面,不是因为它“更复杂”,而是因为它必须信任外部结构。一旦你的钱包要“与他人协作生成地址”,你就必须验证“这些人是谁”、“这些地址是怎么来的”——这就是攻击的入口。
单签保护的是私钥,
多签则要求你保护你的伙伴。 -
@ 21335073:a244b1ad
2025-05-09 13:56:57Someone asked for my thoughts, so I’ll share them thoughtfully. I’m not here to dictate how to promote Nostr—I’m still learning about it myself. While I’m not new to Nostr, freedom tech is a newer space for me. I’m skilled at advocating for topics I deeply understand, but freedom tech isn’t my expertise, so take my words with a grain of salt. Nothing I say is set in stone.
Those who need Nostr the most are the ones most vulnerable to censorship on other platforms right now. Reaching them requires real-time awareness of global issues and the dynamic relationships between governments and tech providers, which can shift suddenly. Effective Nostr promoters must grasp this and adapt quickly.
The best messengers are people from or closely tied to these at-risk regions—those who truly understand the local political and cultural dynamics. They can connect with those in need when tensions rise. Ideal promoters are rational, trustworthy, passionate about Nostr, but above all, dedicated to amplifying people’s voices when it matters most.
Forget influencers, corporate-backed figures, or traditional online PR—it comes off as inauthentic, corny, desperate and forced. Nostr’s promotion should be grassroots and organic, driven by a few passionate individuals who believe in Nostr and the communities they serve.
The idea that “people won’t join Nostr due to lack of reach” is nonsense. Everyone knows X’s “reach” is mostly with bots. If humans want real conversations, Nostr is the place. X is great for propaganda, but Nostr is for the authentic voices of the people.
Those spreading Nostr must be so passionate they’re willing to onboard others, which is time-consuming but rewarding for the right person. They’ll need to make Nostr and onboarding a core part of who they are. I see no issue with that level of dedication. I’ve been known to get that way myself at times. It’s fun for some folks.
With love, I suggest not adding Bitcoin promotion with Nostr outreach. Zaps already integrate that element naturally. (Still promote within the Bitcoin ecosystem, but this is about reaching vulnerable voices who needed Nostr yesterday.)
To promote Nostr, forget conventional strategies. “Influencers” aren’t the answer. “Influencers” are not the future. A trusted local community member has real influence—reach them. Connect with people seeking Nostr’s benefits but lacking the technical language to express it. This means some in the Nostr community might need to step outside of the Bitcoin bubble, which is uncomfortable but necessary. Thank you in advance to those who are willing to do that.
I don’t know who is paid to promote Nostr, if anyone. This piece isn’t shade. But it’s exhausting to see innocent voices globally silenced on corporate platforms like X while Nostr exists. Last night, I wondered: how many more voices must be censored before the Nostr community gets uncomfortable and thinks creatively to reach the vulnerable?
A warning: the global need for censorship-resistant social media is undeniable. If Nostr doesn’t make itself known, something else will fill that void. Let’s start this conversation.
-
@ 51faaa77:2c26615b
2025-05-12 17:34:37My goal is to share a concise list of questions about OP_RETURN limits that we've answered on Stacker News, as the original thread has become unwieldy with over 200 comments. We began compiling this list about a week ago. I've frequently shared individual links and received very positive feedback. I hope this resource helps us work from a common set of facts and reduces misinformation. I hope you find this as a valuable resource.
I'll list the questions in order of activity and tips received. I've removed duplicates, rephrased some statements as questions, and ignored completely irrelevant questions.
- Users should be given clear configurable options to decide what's in their mempool, why were these options taken away? link
- Won't spammers abuse large OP_RETURNs to bloat the blockchain and make IBD take longer? link
- A similar PR was proposed by Peter Todd 2 years ago, why was it rejected then? What has changed since then, why would this get approved now? link
- Shouldn't we be fighting spam, why are we making policies less strict, shouldn't we be making them more strict? link
- How would someone get around the standardness policy currently for OP_RETURN size? link
- What does "standardness mean" in reference to OP_RETURNs? link
- Will more than 1 OP_RETURN per transaction be possible if this PR gets merged? link
- What are the current OP_RETURN limits and what restrictions are being lifted? link
- Are current relay and mempool policies effective for filtering out spam transactions? link
- Is it true that this type of update could affect Bitcoin's decentralization? link
- Is it possible to stop the abuse of payment outputs (i.e., bare multisig, fake pubkeys, and fake pubkey hashes) that are used to embed data, thereby creating unprunable UTXOs that bloat the UTXO set? link
- What was the main reason /concern to add this PR? ... What will happen if we do nothing? link
- If OP_RETURN still cannot stop all the garbage, why is so important to remove it? Does it affect future development / improvements for LN? link
- What will be the worst case scenario if users still could set their own limits for OP_RETURN? link
- Shouldn't we debate the controversy of this PR on Github since it's where the code gets merged to make these changes? link
- What does it mean when someone says "Fix the Filters"? link
- Will this open the flood gates and drown out all legitimate onchain activity? link
- What can we do to stop spam at the consensus layer of Bitcoin? link
- Will Taproot wizards and other spam companies and projects start using OP_RETURN to put jpegs on the blockchain? link
- If we prevent these transaction from going into our mempools doesn't that prevent or delay these spam transactions from being mined therefore discouraging the spammers? link
- Is it possible to stop abuse of witness data? If so, how? (i.e ordinal theory inscriptions, "jpegs"). link
- Is there any conflict of interest with Bitcoin Core and companies like Citrea, in ref to this PR? link
- Is there any estimation on how much would this affect fees for the average user, considering external projects (like Citrea) using it? Any possibility that this could saturate the mempool and boost fees beyond reasonable? link
- Was this PR initially proposed because of Citrea BitVM needs? If so don't they only need a slight bump in OP_RETURN size, why is it being proposed to make the size unrestricted? link
- What makes a UTXO unprunable? Which projects are making unprunable UTXOs? link
- Why would a spammer use OP_RETURN if it's cheaper to use Witness data to store arbitrary data? link
- Won't large OP_RETURNs allow people to spam the mempool with 100kb transactions and mess up bitcoin for everyone by bloating the mempool and not allowing legitimate transactions in the mempool? link
- If relaxing op_return standardness limit seeks to make 'spam' prunable, then what are proponents of this change assuming about the long-term feasibility of running a 'full' (unpruned) bitcoin node? link
- Is allowing standardness for larger OP_RETURNs a slippery slope? If we allow this won't we continue to allow things that make bitcoin less for money and more for arbitrary data? link
- Won't removing the OP_RETURN cap reduce fee market pressure by allowing senders to consolidate arbitrary data into a single transaction? link
- Could this PR be the beginning of reducing other mempool restrictions? link
- Culture is what protects Bitcoin from external forces, shouldn't non-technical arguments be valid when considering these types of changes? link
- What's the difference between UTXO set, mempool, and blockchain, and how do larger OP_RETURN or witness data affect node resource usage? link
- What is the difference in defining a transaction as valid versus defining a transaction as standard and why do we need this difference? link
- If you're happy with your viewpoint on consensus and mempool rules, is not upgrading Bitcoin Core until it makes sense to you a valid action to take right now? link
- Why didn't this PR get a BIP number? link
- Why is core rushing this change? link
- If there will be a hard fork resulted from this PR (split chain like in 2017), what will happen with existing LN channels? Will exist on both chains with 2 LNs? link
- Isn't this all moot in a (almost guaranteed) future where fees are very high? link
- What is this controversy about, and what is it really about? link
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/978404
-
@ a9434ee1:d5c885be
2025-05-12 08:09:26Colors as a fun and useful identifier
Nostr apps often use totally random colors for their default avatars, profiles names in chat bubbles, etc... That's a missed opportunity. Why don't we just we just derive a color from the npub and use that instead, interoperably across apps?
It gives us a fun and visual extra point of recognition, often without having to add anything extra to the UIs.
The only problem is that we cannot just allow for any color. The colors should be readable as text in Light and Dark modes and gray-scales should be avoided too.
This is the goal:
Luckily, there's a super simple solution.
(which was used to derive the colors above)Deriving the Colors
You can find the simple spec here: nostr: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
TLDR: 1. Convert HEX pubkey to Int 2. Calculate the Hue value: Int % 360 3. Set Saturation to 90 for Hues between 216 and 273, use 80 for the rest 4. Set Brightness to 65 for Hues between 32 and 212, use 85 for the rest
Convert HSB color to whatever format you need. Done.
Easy & Fun to integrate!
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@ eabee230:17fc7576
2025-05-12 14:38:11⚖️ຢ່າລືມສິ່ງທີ່ເຄີຍເກີດຂຶ້ນ ຮອດຊ່ວງທີ່ມີການປ່ຽນແປງລະບົບການເງິນຈາກລະບົບເງິນເກົ່າ ສູ່ລະບົບເງິນໃໝ່ມັນເຮັດໃຫ້ຄົນທີ່ລວຍກາຍເປັນຄົນທຸກໄດ້ເລີຍ ນ້ຳພັກນ້ຳແຮງທີ່ສະສົມມາດ້ວຍຄວາມເມື່ອຍແຕ່ບໍ່ສາມາດແລກເປັນເງິນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້ທັງໝົດ ຖືກຈຳກັດຈຳນວນທີ່ກົດໝາຍວາງອອກມາໃຫ້ແລກ ເງິນທີ່ເຫຼືອນັ້ນປຽບຄືດັ່ງເສດເຈ້ຍ ເພາະມັນບໍ່ມີຢູ່ໃສຮັບອີກຕໍ່ໄປເພາະກົດໝາຍຈະນຳໃຊ້ສະກຸນໃໝ່ ປະຫວັດສາດເຮົາມີໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ແລະ ເຄີຍຜ່ານມາແລ້ວຢ່າໃຫ້ຄົນລຸ້ນເຮົາຊຳ້ຮອຍເກົ່າ.
🕰️ຄົນທີ່ມີຄວາມຮູ້ ຫຼື ໃກ້ຊິດກັບແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານກໍຈະປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ເປັນສິນສັບບໍ່ວ່າຈະເປັນທີ່ດິນ ແລະ ທອງຄຳທີ່ສາມາດຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ເຂົາຍັງຮັກສາຄວາມມັ້ງຄັ້ງໃນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້.
🕰️ໃຜທີ່ຕ້ອງການຈະຍ້າຍປະເທດກໍ່ຈະໃຊ້ສິ່ງທີ່ເປັນຊື່ກາງໃນການແລກປ່ຽນເປັນທີ່ຍ້ອມຮັບຫຼາຍນັ້ນກໍຄືທອງຄຳ ປ່ຽນຈາກເງິນລະບົບເກົ່າເປັນທອງຄຳເພື່ອທີ່ສາມາດປ່ຽນທອງຄຳເປັນສະກຸນເງິນທ້ອງຖິ່ນຢູ່ປະເທດປາຍທາງໄດ້.
🕰️ຈາກຜູ້ດີເມື່ອກ່ອນກາຍເປັນຄົນທຳມະດາຍ້ອນສັບສິນທີ່ມີ ບໍ່ສາມາດສົ່ງຕໍ່ສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້. ການເກັບອອມເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ດີ ແຕ່ຖ້າໃຫ້ດີຕ້ອງເກັບອອມໃຫ້ຖືກບ່ອນ ຄົນທີ່ຮູ້ທັນປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຈາກລະບົບເກົ່າໄປສູ່ທອງຄຳ ເພາະທອງຄຳມັນເປັນສາກົນ.
ໃຜທີ່ເຂົ້າໃຈ ແລະ ມອງການໄກກວ່າກໍ່ສາມາດຮັກສາສິນສັບສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້ ເກັບເຈ້ຍໃນປະລິມານທີ່ພໍໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍໃຫ້ເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ແທ້ຈິງ.🕰️ເຮົາໂຊກດີທີ່ເຄີຍມີບົດຮຽນມາແລ້ວ ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈິງໃນປະເທດເຮົາບໍ່ໄດ້ຢາກໃຫ້ທັງໝົດແຕ່ຢາກໃຫ້ສຶກສາ ແລະ ຕັ້ງຄຳຖາມວ່າທີ່ຜ່ານມາມັນເປັນແບບນີ້ແທ້ບໍ່ ເງິນທີ່ລັດຄວາມຄຸມ ເງິນປະລິມານບໍ່ຈຳກັດ ການໃຊ້ກົດໝາຍແບບບັງຄັບ. ຖ້າຄອບຄົວຫຼືຄົນໃກ້ໂຕທີ່ຍູ່ໃນຊ່ວງເຫດການນັ້ນແຕ່ຕັດສິນໃຈຜິດພາດທີ່ບໍ່ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍເປັນສິນສັບ. ນີ້ແມ່ນໂອກາດທີ່ຈະແກ້ໄຂຂໍ້ຜິດພາດນັ້ນໂດຍຫັນມາສຶກສາເງິນແທ້ຈິງແລ້ວແມ່ນຍັງກັນແທ້ ເວລາມີຄ່າສຶກສາບິດຄອຍ.
fiatcurrency #bitcoin #gold #history #paymentsolutions #laokip #laostr
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@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-12 04:01:23 -
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-12 16:29:32- Install Organic Maps
- Launch the app and download the World Map first
- Tap the ☰ at the bottom, then select Download Maps, and tap the + icon
- Download maps by tapping ⤓ next to your desired region
- Return to the main screen and tap 🔍 to search for your destination
- Enjoy navigating offline
ℹ️ Note that Organic Maps does not provide live traffic updates
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-11 06:23:03Past week summary
From a Self Custody for Organizations perspective, after analyzing the existing protocols (Cerberus, 10xSecurityBTCguide and Glacier) and reading a bunch of relates articles and guides, have wrapped to the conclusion that this format it is good to have as reference. However, something else is needed. For example, a summary or a map of the whole process to provide an overview, plus a way to deliver all the information and the multy-process in a more enjoyable way. Not a job for this hackathon, but with the right collaborations I assume it's possible to: - build something that might introduce a bit more quests and gamification - provide a learning environment (with testnet funds) could also be crucial on educating those unfamiliar with bitcoin onchain dynamics.
Have been learning more and playing around practicing best accessibility practices and how it could be applied to a desktop software like Bitcoin Safe. Thanks to @johnjherzog for providing a screen recording of his first experience and @jasonb for suggesting the tools to be used. (in this case tested/testing on Windows with the Accessibility Insights app). Some insight shared have been also applied to the website, running a full accessibility check (under WCAG 2.2 ADA, and Section 508 standards) with 4 different plugins and two online tools. I recognize that not all of them works and analyze the same parameters, indeed they complement each other providing a more accurate review.
For Bitcoin Safe interface improvements, many suggestions have been shared with @andreasgriffin , including: - a new iconset, including a micro-set to display the number of confirmed blocs for each transaction - a redesigned History/Dashboard - small refinements like adding missing columns on the tables - allow the user to select which columns to be displayed - sorting of unconfirmed transactions - Defining a new style for design elements like mempool blocks and quick receive boxes You can find below some screenshots with my proposals that hopefully will be included in the next release.
Last achievement this week was to prepare the website https://Safe.BTC.pub, the container where all the outcomes f this experiment will be published. You can have a look, just consider it still WIP. Branding for the project has also been finalized and available in this penpot file https://design.penpot.app/#/workspace?team-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd6&project-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd8&file-id=95aea877-d515-80ac-8006-23a251886db3&page-id=132f519a-39f4-80db-8006-2a41c364a545
What's for next week
After spending most of the time learning and reading material, this coming week will be focused on deliverables. The goal as planned will be to provide: - Finalized Safe₿its brand and improve overall desktop app experience, including categorization of transactions and addresses - An accessibility report or guide for Bitcoin Safe and support to implement best practices - A first draft of the Self-Custody for Organizations guide/framework/protocol, ideally delivered through the website http://Safe.BTC.pub in written format, but also as FlowChart to help have an overview of the whole resources needed and the process itself. This will clearly define preparations and tools/hardwares needed to successfully complete the process.
To learn more about the project, you can visit: Designathon website: https://event.bitcoin.design/#project-recj4SVNLLkuWHpKq Discord channel: https://discord.com/channels/903125802726596648/1369200271632236574 Previous SN posts: https://stacker.news/items/974489/r/DeSign_r and https://stacker.news/items/974488/r/DeSign_r
Stay tuned, more will be happening this coming week
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/977190
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@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c
2025-04-15 06:27:28Básico
bash lsblk # Lista todos os diretorios montados.
Para criar o sistema de arquivos:
bash mkfs.btrfs -L "ThePool" -f /dev/sdx
Criando um subvolume:
bash btrfs subvolume create SubVol
Montando Sistema de Arquivos:
bash mount -o compress=zlib,subvol=SubVol,autodefrag /dev/sdx /mnt
Lista os discos formatados no diretório:
bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt
Adiciona novo disco ao subvolume:
bash btrfs device add -f /dev/sdy /mnt
Lista novamente os discos do subvolume:
bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt
Exibe uso dos discos do subvolume:
bash btrfs filesystem df /mnt
Balancea os dados entre os discos sobre raid1:
bash btrfs filesystem balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt
Scrub é uma passagem por todos os dados e metadados do sistema de arquivos e verifica as somas de verificação. Se uma cópia válida estiver disponível (perfis de grupo de blocos replicados), a danificada será reparada. Todas as cópias dos perfis replicados são validadas.
iniciar o processo de depuração :
bash btrfs scrub start /mnt
ver o status do processo de depuração Btrfs em execução:
bash btrfs scrub status /mnt
ver o status do scrub Btrfs para cada um dos dispositivos
bash btrfs scrub status -d / data btrfs scrub cancel / data
Para retomar o processo de depuração do Btrfs que você cancelou ou pausou:
btrfs scrub resume / data
Listando os subvolumes:
bash btrfs subvolume list /Reports
Criando um instantâneo dos subvolumes:
Aqui, estamos criando um instantâneo de leitura e gravação chamado snap de marketing do subvolume de marketing.
bash btrfs subvolume snapshot /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-snap
Além disso, você pode criar um instantâneo somente leitura usando o sinalizador -r conforme mostrado. O marketing-rosnap é um instantâneo somente leitura do subvolume de marketing
bash btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-rosnap
Forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos usando o utilitário 'sync'
Para forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos, invoque a opção de sincronização conforme mostrado. Observe que o sistema de arquivos já deve estar montado para que o processo de sincronização continue com sucesso.
bash btrfs filsystem sync /Reports
Para excluir o dispositivo do sistema de arquivos, use o comando device delete conforme mostrado.
bash btrfs device delete /dev/sdc /Reports
Para sondar o status de um scrub, use o comando scrub status com a opção -dR .
bash btrfs scrub status -dR / Relatórios
Para cancelar a execução do scrub, use o comando scrub cancel .
bash $ sudo btrfs scrub cancel / Reports
Para retomar ou continuar com uma depuração interrompida anteriormente, execute o comando de cancelamento de depuração
bash sudo btrfs scrub resume /Reports
mostra o uso do dispositivo de armazenamento:
btrfs filesystem usage /data
Para distribuir os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID (incluindo o dispositivo de armazenamento recém-adicionado) montados no diretório /data , execute o seguinte comando:
sudo btrfs balance start --full-balance /data
Pode demorar um pouco para espalhar os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID se ele contiver muitos dados.
Opções importantes de montagem Btrfs
Nesta seção, vou explicar algumas das importantes opções de montagem do Btrfs. Então vamos começar.
As opções de montagem Btrfs mais importantes são:
**1. acl e noacl
**ACL gerencia permissões de usuários e grupos para os arquivos/diretórios do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
A opção de montagem acl Btrfs habilita ACL. Para desabilitar a ACL, você pode usar a opção de montagem noacl .
Por padrão, a ACL está habilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem acl por padrão.
**2. autodefrag e noautodefrag
**Desfragmentar um sistema de arquivos Btrfs melhorará o desempenho do sistema de arquivos reduzindo a fragmentação de dados.
A opção de montagem autodefrag permite a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
A opção de montagem noautodefrag desativa a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
Por padrão, a desfragmentação automática está desabilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem noautodefrag por padrão.
**3. compactar e compactar-forçar
**Controla a compactação de dados no nível do sistema de arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
A opção compactar compacta apenas os arquivos que valem a pena compactar (se compactar o arquivo economizar espaço em disco).
A opção compress-force compacta todos os arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs, mesmo que a compactação do arquivo aumente seu tamanho.
O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta muitos algoritmos de compactação e cada um dos algoritmos de compactação possui diferentes níveis de compactação.
Os algoritmos de compactação suportados pelo Btrfs são: lzo , zlib (nível 1 a 9) e zstd (nível 1 a 15).
Você pode especificar qual algoritmo de compactação usar para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com uma das seguintes opções de montagem:
- compress=algoritmo:nível
- compress-force=algoritmo:nível
Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como habilitar a compactação do sistema de arquivos Btrfs .
**4. subvol e subvolid
**Estas opções de montagem são usadas para montar separadamente um subvolume específico de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
A opção de montagem subvol é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando seu caminho relativo.
A opção de montagem subvolid é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando o ID do subvolume.
Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como criar e montar subvolumes Btrfs .
**5. dispositivo
A opção de montagem de dispositivo** é usada no sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs.
Em alguns casos, o sistema operacional pode falhar ao detectar os dispositivos de armazenamento usados em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs. Nesses casos, você pode usar a opção de montagem do dispositivo para especificar os dispositivos que deseja usar para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.
Você pode usar a opção de montagem de dispositivo várias vezes para carregar diferentes dispositivos de armazenamento para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.
Você pode usar o nome do dispositivo (ou seja, sdb , sdc ) ou UUID , UUID_SUB ou PARTUUID do dispositivo de armazenamento com a opção de montagem do dispositivo para identificar o dispositivo de armazenamento.
Por exemplo,
- dispositivo=/dev/sdb
- dispositivo=/dev/sdb,dispositivo=/dev/sdc
- dispositivo=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d
- device=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d,device=UUID_SUB=f7ce4875-0874-436a-b47d-3edef66d3424
**6. degraded
A opção de montagem degradada** permite que um RAID Btrfs seja montado com menos dispositivos de armazenamento do que o perfil RAID requer.
Por exemplo, o perfil raid1 requer a presença de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento. Se um dos dispositivos de armazenamento não estiver disponível em qualquer caso, você usa a opção de montagem degradada para montar o RAID mesmo que 1 de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento esteja disponível.
**7. commit
A opção commit** mount é usada para definir o intervalo (em segundos) dentro do qual os dados serão gravados no dispositivo de armazenamento.
O padrão é definido como 30 segundos.
Para definir o intervalo de confirmação para 15 segundos, você pode usar a opção de montagem commit=15 (digamos).
**8. ssd e nossd
A opção de montagem ssd** informa ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs que o sistema de arquivos está usando um dispositivo de armazenamento SSD, e o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faz a otimização SSD necessária.
A opção de montagem nossd desativa a otimização do SSD.
O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem de SSD será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd é habilitada.
**9. ssd_spread e nossd_spread
A opção de montagem ssd_spread** tenta alocar grandes blocos contínuos de espaço não utilizado do SSD. Esse recurso melhora o desempenho de SSDs de baixo custo (baratos).
A opção de montagem nossd_spread desativa o recurso ssd_spread .
O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem ssd_spread será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd_spread é habilitada.
**10. descarte e nodiscard
Se você estiver usando um SSD que suporte TRIM enfileirado assíncrono (SATA rev3.1), a opção de montagem de descarte** permitirá o descarte de blocos de arquivos liberados. Isso melhorará o desempenho do SSD.
Se o SSD não suportar TRIM enfileirado assíncrono, a opção de montagem de descarte prejudicará o desempenho do SSD. Nesse caso, a opção de montagem nodiscard deve ser usada.
Por padrão, a opção de montagem nodiscard é usada.
**11. norecovery
Se a opção de montagem norecovery** for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs não tentará executar a operação de recuperação de dados no momento da montagem.
**12. usebackuproot e nousebackuproot
Se a opção de montagem usebackuproot for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs tentará recuperar qualquer raiz de árvore ruim/corrompida no momento da montagem. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs pode armazenar várias raízes de árvore no sistema de arquivos. A opção de montagem usebackuproot** procurará uma boa raiz de árvore e usará a primeira boa que encontrar.
A opção de montagem nousebackuproot não verificará ou recuperará raízes de árvore inválidas/corrompidas no momento da montagem. Este é o comportamento padrão do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.
**13. space_cache, space_cache=version, nospace_cache e clear_cache
A opção de montagem space_cache** é usada para controlar o cache de espaço livre. O cache de espaço livre é usado para melhorar o desempenho da leitura do espaço livre do grupo de blocos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs na memória (RAM).
O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta 2 versões do cache de espaço livre: v1 (padrão) e v2
O mecanismo de cache de espaço livre v2 melhora o desempenho de sistemas de arquivos grandes (tamanho de vários terabytes).
Você pode usar a opção de montagem space_cache=v1 para definir a v1 do cache de espaço livre e a opção de montagem space_cache=v2 para definir a v2 do cache de espaço livre.
A opção de montagem clear_cache é usada para limpar o cache de espaço livre.
Quando o cache de espaço livre v2 é criado, o cache deve ser limpo para criar um cache de espaço livre v1 .
Portanto, para usar o cache de espaço livre v1 após a criação do cache de espaço livre v2 , as opções de montagem clear_cache e space_cache=v1 devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,space_cache=v1
A opção de montagem nospace_cache é usada para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre.
Para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre após a criação do cache v1 ou v2 , as opções de montagem nospace_cache e clear_cache devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,nosapce_cache
**14. skip_balance
Por padrão, a operação de balanceamento interrompida/pausada de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs será retomada automaticamente assim que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs for montado. Para desabilitar a retomada automática da operação de equilíbrio interrompido/pausado em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs, você pode usar a opção de montagem skip_balance .**
**15. datacow e nodatacow
A opção datacow** mount habilita o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. É o comportamento padrão.
Se você deseja desabilitar o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs para os arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatacow .
**16. datasum e nodatasum
A opção datasum** mount habilita a soma de verificação de dados para arquivos recém-criados do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Este é o comportamento padrão.
Se você não quiser que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faça a soma de verificação dos dados dos arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatasum .
Perfis Btrfs
Um perfil Btrfs é usado para informar ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs quantas cópias dos dados/metadados devem ser mantidas e quais níveis de RAID devem ser usados para os dados/metadados. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs contém muitos perfis. Entendê-los o ajudará a configurar um RAID Btrfs da maneira que você deseja.
Os perfis Btrfs disponíveis são os seguintes:
single : Se o perfil único for usado para os dados/metadados, apenas uma cópia dos dados/metadados será armazenada no sistema de arquivos, mesmo se você adicionar vários dispositivos de armazenamento ao sistema de arquivos. Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.
dup : Se o perfil dup for usado para os dados/metadados, cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos manterá duas cópias dos dados/metadados. Assim, 50% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.
raid0 : No perfil raid0 , os dados/metadados serão divididos igualmente em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, não haverá dados/metadados redundantes (duplicados). Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser usado. Se, em qualquer caso, um dos dispositivos de armazenamento falhar, todo o sistema de arquivos será corrompido. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid0 .
raid1 : No perfil raid1 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a uma falha de unidade. Mas você pode usar apenas 50% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1 .
raid1c3 : No perfil raid1c3 , três cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 33% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c3 .
raid1c4 : No perfil raid1c4 , quatro cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a três falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 25% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c4 .
raid10 : No perfil raid10 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos, como no perfil raid1 . Além disso, os dados/metadados serão divididos entre os dispositivos de armazenamento, como no perfil raid0 .
O perfil raid10 é um híbrido dos perfis raid1 e raid0 . Alguns dos dispositivos de armazenamento formam arrays raid1 e alguns desses arrays raid1 são usados para formar um array raid0 . Em uma configuração raid10 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade em cada uma das matrizes raid1 .
Você pode usar 50% do espaço total em disco na configuração raid10 . Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid10 .
raid5 : No perfil raid5 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Uma única paridade será calculada e distribuída entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.
Em uma configuração raid5 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade. Se uma unidade falhar, você pode adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir da paridade distribuída das unidades em execução.
Você pode usar 1 00x(N-1)/N % do total de espaços em disco na configuração raid5 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid5 .
raid6 : No perfil raid6 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Duas paridades serão calculadas e distribuídas entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.
Em uma configuração raid6 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade ao mesmo tempo. Se uma unidade falhar, você poderá adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir das duas paridades distribuídas das unidades em execução.
Você pode usar 100x(N-2)/N % do espaço total em disco na configuração raid6 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid6 .
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-11 05:52:56Past week summary
From a Self Custody for Organizations perspective, after analyzing the existing protocols (Cerberus, 10xSecurityBTCguide and Glacier) and reading a bunch of relates articles and guides, have wrapped to the conclusion that this format it is good to have as reference. However, something else is needed. For example, a summary or a map of the whole process to provide an overview, plus a way to deliver all the information and the multy-process in a more enjoyable way. Not a job for this hackathon, but with the right collaborations I assume it's possible to: - build something that might introduce a bit more quests and gamification - provide a learning environment (with testnet funds) could also be crucial on educating those unfamiliar with bitcoin onchain dynamics.
Have been learning more and playing around practicing best accessibility practices and how it could be applied to a desktop software like Bitcoin Safe. Thanks to @johnjherzog for providing a screen recording of his first experience and @jasonbohio for suggesting the tools to be used. (in this case tested/testing on Windows with the Accessibility Insights app). Some insight shared have been also applied to the website, running a full accessibility check (under WCAG 2.2 ADA, and Section 508 standards) with 4 different plugins and two online tools. I recognize that not all of them works and analyze the same parameters, indeed they complement each other providing a more accurate review.
For Bitcoin Safe interface improvements, many suggestions have been shared with @andreasgriffin , including: - a new iconset, including a micro-set to display the number of confirmed blocs for each transaction - a redesigned History/Dashboard - small refinements like adding missing columns on the tables - allow the user to select which columns to be displayed - sorting of unconfirmed transactions - Defining a new style for design elements like mempool blocks and quick receive boxes You can find below some screenshots with my proposals that hopefully will be included in the next release.
Last achievement this week was to prepare the website https://Safe.BTC.pub, the container where all the outcomes f this experiment will be published. You can have a look, just consider it still WIP. Branding for the project has also been finalized and available in this penpot file https://design.penpot.app/#/workspace?team-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd6&project-id=cec80257-5021-8137-8005-eab60c043dd8&file-id=95aea877-d515-80ac-8006-23a251886db3&page-id=132f519a-39f4-80db-8006-2a41c364a545
What's for next week
After spending most of the time learning and reading material, this coming week will be focused on deliverables. The goal as planned will be to provide: - Finalized Safe₿its brand and improve overall desktop app experience, including categorization of transactions and addresses - An accessibility report or guide for Bitcoin Safe and support to implement best practices - A first draft of the Self-Custody for Organizations guide/framework/protocol, ideally delivered through the website http://Safe.BTC.pub in written format, but also as FlowChart to help have an overview of the whole resources needed and the process itself. This will clearly define preparations and tools/hardwares needed to successfully complete the process.
To learn more about the project, you can visit: Designathon website: https://event.bitcoin.design/#project-recj4SVNLLkuWHpKq Discord channel: https://discord.com/channels/903125802726596648/1369200271632236574 Previous SN posts: https://stacker.news/items/974489/r/DeSign_r and https://stacker.news/items/974488/r/DeSign_r
Stay tuned, more will be happening this coming week
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/977180
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@ 3f770d65:7a745b24
2025-05-08 18:09:35🏌️ Monday, May 26 – Bitcoin Golf Championship & Kickoff Party
Location: Las Vegas, Nevada\ Event: 2nd Annual Bitcoin Golf Championship & Kick Off Party"\ Where: Bali Hai Golf Clubhouse, 5160 S Las Vegas Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89119\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!
Details:
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The week tees off in style with the Bitcoin Golf Championship. Swing clubs by day and swing to music by night.
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Live performances from Nostr-powered acts courtesy of Tunestr, including Ainsley Costello and others.
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Stop by the Purple Pill Booth hosted by Derek and Tanja, who will be on-boarding golfers and attendees to the decentralized social future with Nostr.
💬 May 27–29 – Bitcoin 2025 Conference at the Las Vegas Convention Center
Location: The Venetian Resort\ Main Attraction for Nostr Fans: The Nostr Lounge\ When: All day, Tuesday through Thursday\ Where: Right outside the Open Source Stage\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!
Come chill at the Nostr Lounge, your home base for all things decentralized social. With seating for \~50, comfy couches, high-tops, and good vibes, it’s the perfect space to meet developers, community leaders, and curious newcomers building the future of censorship-resistant communication.
Bonus: Right across the aisle, you’ll find Shopstr, a decentralized marketplace app built on Nostr. Stop by their booth to explore how peer-to-peer commerce works in a truly open ecosystem.
Daily Highlights at the Lounge:
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☕️ Hang out casually or sit down for a deeper conversation about the Nostr protocol
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🔧 1:1 demos from app teams
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🛍️ Merch available onsite
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🧠 Impromptu lightning talks
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🎤 Scheduled Meetups (details below)
🎯 Nostr Lounge Meetups
Wednesday, May 28 @ 1:00 PM
- Damus Meetup: Come meet the team behind Damus, the OG Nostr app for iOS that helped kickstart the social revolution. They'll also be showcasing their new cross-platform app, Notedeck, designed for a more unified Nostr experience across devices. Grab some merch, get a demo, and connect directly with the developers.
Thursday, May 29 @ 1:00 PM
- Primal Meetup: Dive into Primal, the slickest Nostr experience available on web, Android, and iOS. With a built-in wallet, zapping your favorite creators and friends has never been easier. The team will be on-site for hands-on demos, Q&A, merch giveaways, and deeper discussions on building the social layer of Bitcoin.
🎙️ Nostr Talks at Bitcoin 2025
If you want to hear from the minds building decentralized social, make sure you attend these two official conference sessions:
1. FROSTR Workshop: Multisig Nostr Signing
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🕚 Time: 11:30 AM – 12:00 PM
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📅 Date: Wednesday, May 28
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📍 Location: Developer Zone
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🎤 Speaker: Austin Kelsay, Voltage\ A deep-dive into FROST-based multisig key management for Nostr. Geared toward devs and power users interested in key security.
2. Panel: Decentralizing Social Media
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🕑 Time: 2:00 PM – 2:30 PM
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📅 Date: Thursday, May 29
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📍 Location: Genesis Stage
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🎙️ Moderator: McShane (Bitcoin Strategy @ Roxom TV)
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👥 Speakers:
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Martti Malmi – Early Bitcoin dev, CEO @ Sirius Business Ltd
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Lyn Alden – Analyst & Partner @ Ego Death Capital
Get the big-picture perspective on why decentralized social matters and how Nostr fits into the future of digital communication.
🌃 NOS VEGAS Meetup & Afterparty
Date: Wednesday, May 28\ Time: 7:00 PM – 1:00 AM\ Location: We All Scream Nightclub, 517 Fremont St., Las Vegas, NV 89101\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!
What to Expect:
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🎶 Live Music Stage – Featuring Ainsley Costello, Sara Jade, Able James, Martin Groom, Bobby Shell, Jessie Lark, and other V4V artists
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🪩 DJ Party Deck – With sets by DJ Valerie B LOVE, TatumTurnUp, and more DJs throwing down
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🛰️ Live-streamed via Tunestr
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🧠 Nostr Education – Talks by Derek Ross, Tomer Strolight, Terry Yiu, OpenMike, and more.
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🧾 Vendors & Project Booths – Explore new tools and services
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🔐 Onboarding Stations – Learn how to use Nostr hands-on
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🐦 Nostrich Flocking – Meet your favorite nyms IRL
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🍸 Three Full Bars – Two floors of socializing overlooking vibrant Fremont Street
This is the after-party of the year for those who love freedom technology and decentralized social community. Don’t miss it.
Final Thoughts
Whether you're there to learn, network, party, or build, Bitcoin 2025 in Las Vegas has a packed week of Nostr-friendly programming. Be sure to catch all the events, visit the Nostr Lounge, and experience the growing decentralized social revolution.
🟣 Find us. Flock with us. Purple pill someone.
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@ 88cc134b:5ae99079
2025-05-12 15:43:27ddd ccc bbb aaa
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@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8
2025-05-12 16:52:30Wo sind der 1. Stock, das Erdgeschoss und der Keller? Das Dach ist noch zu bauen. Das Haus zum unerklärlichen Krieg ist unfertig. Der Bau wurde schon viel früher begonnen, aber die westlichen Medien behaupten das Gegenteil oder verschweigen es. Eine Vorgeschichte darf es nicht geben.
Am Ukraine-Krieg sieht man, dass ein Konflikt, der entgegen den Behauptungen der Propaganda-Maschine nicht erst im Februar 2022 angefangen hat, wie lange es dauert, bis wieder Verhältnisse zustande kommen, die eine Befriedung ermöglichen. Das Ringen darum ist hoffentlich endlich in die Zielgerade eingelaufen und man findet besser gestern als heute eine Lösung. So viele Menschenleben auf beiden Seiten hat dieser Wahnsinn bislang gekostet. Am Ende, wofür? Die Verwirrung bleibt bis zuletzt, denn einerseits treibt der US-amerikanische Präsident die Friedensbemühungen maßgeblich voran, andererseits werden von US-amerikanischer Seite mutmaßlich die Waffenlieferungen fortgesetzt und Starlink nicht abgeschaltet, was erheblich zum abrupten Beenden des sinnlosen Sterbens beitragen würde.
Verträge sind zu erfüllen? Sicherung der US-amerikanischen Interessen? Druckmittel auf Russland? Und Europa? Europa, vor allem Deutschland, Frankreich und Großbritannien geben weiterhin den Geisterfahrer und haben immer noch nicht mitbekommen, dass sie in der Beilegung des Ukraine-Kriegs nicht das geringste zu sagen haben. Sie spielen sich aber auf, als hätten sie und machen „einen auf dicke Hose“. Murmeln werden als Eier verkauft.
Etwas aus dem Fokus der Neuen Medien gerät dabei der immer noch wütende Krieg im Gaza-Streifen mit einer israelischen Planier-Raupe, dessen Vorgeschichte noch länger ist, als die, die zum Ukraine-Krieg geführt hat. Rund 80 Jahre, aber auch hier eigentlich noch länger. Man kann sich vorstellen, wie lange es hier dauern wird, bis sich sichere, friedliche Verhältnisse einstellen können.
Wer kann sicher sein, wer nimmt sich das Recht heraus zu behaupten, wer entscheidet darüber, dass sich Zustände, wie im 3. Reich, die Verfolgung und Vernichtung einer Minderheit, damals die Juden, nicht wiederholen kann? Seitdem das geschehen ist, hat sich der Großteil der Menschheit keinen Millimeter weiterentwickelt.
Wenn gerade Deutsche Anzeichen für eine Wiederholung dieser tief-dunklen Zeit zu erkennen glauben, derzeit in dem, wie der israelische Staat mit dem Gaza-Streifen verfährt, dann ist das keine Verharmlosung der Gräueltaten im 3. Reich, sondern der Beweis dafür, dass es doch einige gibt, die aus der Geschichte gelernt haben, und die der Meinung sind, dass sich so etwas niemals mehr wiederholen darf.
Um auf einen Genozid hinzuweisen, muss jeder Vergleich möglich und erlaubt sein. Es geht um eine Mehrzahl von Menschen, von Familien, die einfach nur in Frieden leben wollen! Ungeachtet der Tatsache, dass es auf beiden Seiten Kräfte gibt, die das nicht interessiert.
Besonders tragisch wird es, wenn dieser Genozid augenscheinlich ausgerechnet von denen ausgeht, die selbst so schrecklich davon betroffen waren.
Wie kann sich der deutsche Staat erdreisten, diejenigen als Anti-Semiten zu bezeichnen, die hier Merkmale eines Genozids zu erkennen glauben und versuchen, diese kritischen Stimmen zu unterdrücken, „nur“, weil es sich um den Staat Israel handelt, der hier als Täter infrage kommt. Auch der Staat Israel hat keinen Freibrief, die Bevölkerung im Gaza-Streifen nach seinen Vorstellungen und Überzeugungen abzurasieren.
Ein Genozid ist ein Genozid, egal von welcher Regierung eines Landes er begangen wird.
Der Staat Israel ist keine Ausnahme! Im Gegenteil. Aufgrund der Erfahrung seines Volkes müsste es die Menschlichkeit gebieten, dass derartiger Völkermord nie wieder geschieht.
Weiter müsste der Begriff Anti-Semitismus einmal genau unter die Lupe genommen werden, was wer aus welchen Gründen darunter versteht. Man kann den Eindruck gewinnen, dass dieser Begriff vor allem als Totschlagargument verwendet wird, um kritische Stimmen mundtot zu machen. Besonders bei diesem heiklen Thema wäre absolute Akkuratesse dringend notwendig.
Es ist die Pflicht eines jeden, der Kritik an den Zuständen üben will, nicht zu verallgemeinern.
Nicht alle israelischen Staatsbürger sind Netanjahu-Anhänger (das zeigen die Demonstrationen), nicht alle Juden sind Zionisten, nicht einmal alle Zionisten sind Juden.
Und sicher sind auf der Gaza-Seite ebenfalls nicht nur „Engel“ unterwegs!
Beide Lager haben rund 80 Jahre Zeit gehabt, den gegenseitigen Hass durch gegenseitige Provokationen aufzubauen und ihn immer wieder sich entladen zu lassen.
Dieser unermessliche Hass kann nur über Generationen hinweg wieder abgebaut werden.
Wenn es jemals eine ernste Absicht gegeben hätte, eine 2-Staaten-Lösung zu realisieren, wäre diese schon längst in die Tat umgesetzt worden. Wenn jedoch der politische Wille dazu fehlt, vor allem auf der Seite des Stärkeren, passiert gar nichts. Und der fehlt jetzt schon seit rund 80 Jahren.
Maßgeblich durch die Briten ist der Staat Israel künstlich entstanden. Die Ableitung der Nutznießer auf einen Gebietsanspruch aus einem Glauben heraus, ist einmalig.
In dem nicht natürlich entstandenen, sondern künstlich geschaffenen Staatsgebilde liegt möglicherweise die Wurzel allen Übels, die von langer Hand, spätestens durch die Balfour-Deklaration im Jahre 1917 ihren Anfang genommen hat.
Man hat nun Jahrzehnte lang Zeit gehabt, zu beobachten, dass dieses Konstrukt ein sicheres Leben und eine Garantie für friedliche Verhältnisse aller nicht zustande gebracht hat. Schmerzliche Erfahrungen auf beiden Seiten haben bislang nicht dazu geführt, dass man zu der Einsicht gekommen wäre, dass man sich möglicherweise auf dem Holzweg befindet.
Die verfeindeten Lager müssten sich, neutral moderiert (welcher Staat, welcher Mensch ist heute noch neutral, oder zumindest kein Interessenvertreter?), zusammensetzen und sich in sicher nicht einfachen, langwierigen, zähen Gesprächen und Verhandlungen über die Neugründung eines gemeinsamen Staates für alle Beteiligten ernsthaft nachdenken, solange, bis es zu einer Einigung gekommen wäre, die für alle Beteiligten akzeptabel ist. Das Ergebnis, eine gemeinsame Staatenlösung, müsste das erklärte Ziel sein und wenn es noch so lange dauern würde.
Das Mitspracherecht müsste nach Bevölkerungsanteil in einem gerechten Verhältnis festgelegt werden. So müssten kleinere Anteile verhältnismäßig mehr Stimmanteile haben, als der größere Anteil, um zu möglichst für alle gerechten Entscheidungen zu gelangen, die alle Beteiligten mittragen könnten. Ein Vorankommen wäre nur durch Vernunft, nicht durch Starrsinn möglich.
Aufgrund der hitzigen Mentalität aller Beteiligten müssten beide Lager auf Gedeih und Verderb voneinander abhängig gemacht werden, sodass ein friedliches Zusammenraufen immer wieder nötig wäre, weil niemand in der Lage wäre, die Oberhand zu gewinnen.
Es müssten gegenseitige Abhängigkeiten geschaffen werden. So könnten zum Beispiel Lieferungen von Lebensmitteln, Wasser, Energie (Israel) usw. mit der Hoheit über die noch zu erschließenden Gasfelder (Gaza) vor Gaza „verrechnet“ werden, ohne, dass die USA oder sonst wer die Finger im Spiel haben.
Bei derartigen gegenseitigen Abhängigkeiten würde man sich schon zusammenraufen.
Das alles setzt voraus, dass der Mensch an sich seine menschlichen Schwächen unter Kontrolle bringen würde. Hierzu können Machtstreben, Geldgier, Rechthaberei, Überheblichkeit, Ideologien, Ansprüche aus einem Glauben heraus usw. gezählt werden.
Jerusalem müsste einen Sonderstatus erhalten und die Verwaltung müsste unter den drei Weltreligionen aufgeteilt werden. Jerusalem könnte im „Kleinen“ ein Beispiel dafür sein, wie der gesamte neue Staat im „Großen“ funktioniert. Und möglicherweise würde er so in der Tat funktionieren.
Für viele mag das alles vielleicht naiv oder sogar absurd klingen. Zur Herstellung von Frieden, Frieden in dem jede Mutter, gleich welcher Religion sie angehört, ihre Kinder in Sicherheit aufwachsen sehen kann, muss jede Überlegung und Idee, wie ein friedliches Miteinander realisiert werden kann, erlaubt sein zu denken und auch auszusprechen.
Eines ist sicher. So, wie die Verhältnisse in der Vergangenheit gestaltet wurden, hat die Realität eindeutig gezeigt, dass es so auf gar keinen Fall funktioniert. Also, warum nicht einfach einmal das Gehirn durchblasen, alte, überkommene Überzeugungen loswerden und endlich einmal etwas Neues denken?
Und wer jetzt immer noch sagt, das wäre eine Delegitimierung des Staates Israel, der sollte seine Gehirnwindungen einmal zur Inspektion bringen. Der Mensch, egal welcher Couleur und welcher Religion steht hier im Mittelpunkt. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Überlegungen, wie ein friedliches Miteinander möglich sein könnte. Falls sich herausstellt, dass das eine Utopie ist, auch gut, aber immerhin sind sich Gedanken gemacht worden, die von den eingefahrenen, zu nichts außer Elend führenden Entscheidungen abweichen. Und wenn es nur zur Anregung für andere Ideen dient, dann wäre schon viel getan. Und das ist weder anti-semitisch, noch anti-israelisch, noch anti-christlich, noch anti-moslemisch, noch anti-sonst wie, sondern vor allem ein Appell an die Vernunft, zu der der Mensch schließlich auch begabt ist.
Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben
* *
(Bild von Georg Ohrweh)
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@ 460c25e6:ef85065c
2025-02-25 15:20:39If you don't know where your posts are, you might as well just stay in the centralized Twitter. You either take control of your relay lists, or they will control you. Amethyst offers several lists of relays for our users. We are going to go one by one to help clarify what they are and which options are best for each one.
Public Home/Outbox Relays
Home relays store all YOUR content: all your posts, likes, replies, lists, etc. It's your home. Amethyst will send your posts here first. Your followers will use these relays to get new posts from you. So, if you don't have anything there, they will not receive your updates.
Home relays must allow queries from anyone, ideally without the need to authenticate. They can limit writes to paid users without affecting anyone's experience.
This list should have a maximum of 3 relays. More than that will only make your followers waste their mobile data getting your posts. Keep it simple. Out of the 3 relays, I recommend: - 1 large public, international relay: nos.lol, nostr.mom, relay.damus.io, etc. - 1 personal relay to store a copy of all your content in a place no one can delete. Go to relay.tools and never be censored again. - 1 really fast relay located in your country: paid options like http://nostr.wine are great
Do not include relays that block users from seeing posts in this list. If you do, no one will see your posts.
Public Inbox Relays
This relay type receives all replies, comments, likes, and zaps to your posts. If you are not getting notifications or you don't see replies from your friends, it is likely because you don't have the right setup here. If you are getting too much spam in your replies, it's probably because your inbox relays are not protecting you enough. Paid relays can filter inbox spam out.
Inbox relays must allow anyone to write into them. It's the opposite of the outbox relay. They can limit who can download the posts to their paid subscribers without affecting anyone's experience.
This list should have a maximum of 3 relays as well. Again, keep it small. More than that will just make you spend more of your data plan downloading the same notifications from all these different servers. Out of the 3 relays, I recommend: - 1 large public, international relay: nos.lol, nostr.mom, relay.damus.io, etc. - 1 personal relay to store a copy of your notifications, invites, cashu tokens and zaps. - 1 really fast relay located in your country: go to nostr.watch and find relays in your country
Terrible options include: - nostr.wine should not be here. - filter.nostr.wine should not be here. - inbox.nostr.wine should not be here.
DM Inbox Relays
These are the relays used to receive DMs and private content. Others will use these relays to send DMs to you. If you don't have it setup, you will miss DMs. DM Inbox relays should accept any message from anyone, but only allow you to download them.
Generally speaking, you only need 3 for reliability. One of them should be a personal relay to make sure you have a copy of all your messages. The others can be open if you want push notifications or closed if you want full privacy.
Good options are: - inbox.nostr.wine and auth.nostr1.com: anyone can send messages and only you can download. Not even our push notification server has access to them to notify you. - a personal relay to make sure no one can censor you. Advanced settings on personal relays can also store your DMs privately. Talk to your relay operator for more details. - a public relay if you want DM notifications from our servers.
Make sure to add at least one public relay if you want to see DM notifications.
Private Home Relays
Private Relays are for things no one should see, like your drafts, lists, app settings, bookmarks etc. Ideally, these relays are either local or require authentication before posting AND downloading each user\'s content. There are no dedicated relays for this category yet, so I would use a local relay like Citrine on Android and a personal relay on relay.tools.
Keep in mind that if you choose a local relay only, a client on the desktop might not be able to see the drafts from clients on mobile and vice versa.
Search relays:
This is the list of relays to use on Amethyst's search and user tagging with @. Tagging and searching will not work if there is nothing here.. This option requires NIP-50 compliance from each relay. Hit the Default button to use all available options on existence today: - nostr.wine - relay.nostr.band - relay.noswhere.com
Local Relays:
This is your local storage. Everything will load faster if it comes from this relay. You should install Citrine on Android and write ws://localhost:4869 in this option.
General Relays:
This section contains the default relays used to download content from your follows. Notice how you can activate and deactivate the Home, Messages (old-style DMs), Chat (public chats), and Global options in each.
Keep 5-6 large relays on this list and activate them for as many categories (Home, Messages (old-style DMs), Chat, and Global) as possible.
Amethyst will provide additional recommendations to this list from your follows with information on which of your follows might need the additional relay in your list. Add them if you feel like you are missing their posts or if it is just taking too long to load them.
My setup
Here's what I use: 1. Go to relay.tools and create a relay for yourself. 2. Go to nostr.wine and pay for their subscription. 3. Go to inbox.nostr.wine and pay for their subscription. 4. Go to nostr.watch and find a good relay in your country. 5. Download Citrine to your phone.
Then, on your relay lists, put:
Public Home/Outbox Relays: - nostr.wine - nos.lol or an in-country relay. -
.nostr1.com Public Inbox Relays - nos.lol or an in-country relay -
.nostr1.com DM Inbox Relays - inbox.nostr.wine -
.nostr1.com Private Home Relays - ws://localhost:4869 (Citrine) -
.nostr1.com (if you want) Search Relays - nostr.wine - relay.nostr.band - relay.noswhere.com
Local Relays - ws://localhost:4869 (Citrine)
General Relays - nos.lol - relay.damus.io - relay.primal.net - nostr.mom
And a few of the recommended relays from Amethyst.
Final Considerations
Remember, relays can see what your Nostr client is requesting and downloading at all times. They can track what you see and see what you like. They can sell that information to the highest bidder, they can delete your content or content that a sponsor asked them to delete (like a negative review for instance) and they can censor you in any way they see fit. Before using any random free relay out there, make sure you trust its operator and you know its terms of service and privacy policies.
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@ 97c70a44:ad98e322
2025-02-18 20:30:32For the last couple of weeks, I've been dealing with the fallout of upgrading a web application to Svelte 5. Complaints about framework churn and migration annoyances aside, I've run into some interesting issues with the migration. So far, I haven't seen many other people register the same issues, so I thought it might be constructive for me to articulate them myself.
I'll try not to complain too much in this post, since I'm grateful for the many years of Svelte 3/4 I've enjoyed. But I don't think I'll be choosing Svelte for any new projects going forward. I hope my reflections here will be useful to others as well.
If you're interested in reproductions for the issues I mention here, you can find them below.
The Need for Speed
To start with, let me just quickly acknowledge what the Svelte team is trying to do. It seems like most of the substantial changes in version 5 are built around "deep reactivity", which allows for more granular reactivity, leading to better performance. Performance is good, and the Svelte team has always excelled at reconciling performance with DX.
In previous versions of Svelte, the main way this was achieved was with the Svelte compiler. There were many ancillary techniques involved in improving performance, but having a framework compile step gave the Svelte team a lot of leeway for rearranging things under the hood without making developers learn new concepts. This is what made Svelte so original in the beginning.
At the same time, it resulted in an even more opaque framework than usual, making it harder for developers to debug more complex issues. To make matters worse, the compiler had bugs, resulting in errors which could only be fixed by blindly refactoring the problem component. This happened to me personally at least half a dozen times, and is what ultimately pushed me to migrate to Svelte 5.
Nevertheless, I always felt it was an acceptable trade-off for speed and productivity. Sure, sometimes I had to delete my project and port it to a fresh repository every so often, but the framework was truly a pleasure to use.
Svelte is not Javascript
Svelte 5 doubled down on this tradeoff — which makes sense, because it's what sets the framework apart. The difference this time is that the abstraction/performance tradeoff did not stay in compiler land, but intruded into runtime in two important ways:
- The use of proxies to support deep reactivity
- Implicit component lifecycle state
Both of these changes improved performance and made the API for developers look slicker. What's not to like? Unfortunately, both of these features are classic examples of a leaky abstraction, and ultimately make things more complex for developers, not less.
Proxies are not objects
The use of proxies seems to have allowed the Svelte team to squeeze a little more performance out of the framework, without asking developers to do any extra work. Threading state through multiple levels of components without provoking unnecessary re-renders in frameworks like React is an infamously difficult chore.
Svelte's compiler avoided some of the pitfalls associated with virtual DOM diffing solutions, but evidently there was still enough of a performance gain to be had to justify the introduction of proxies. The Svelte team also seems to argue that their introduction represents an improvement in developer experience:
we... can maximise both efficiency and ergonomics.
Here's the problem: Svelte 5 looks simpler, but actually introduces more abstractions.
Using proxies to monitor array methods (for example) is appealing because it allows developers to forget all the goofy heuristics involved with making sure state was reactive and just
push
to the array. I can't count how many times I've writtenvalue = value
to trigger reactivity in svelte 4.In Svelte 4, developers had to understand how the Svelte compiler worked. The compiler, being a leaky abstraction, forced its users to know that assignment was how you signaled reactivity. In svelte 5, developers can just "forget" about the compiler!
Except they can't. All the introduction of new abstractions really accomplishes is the introduction of more complex heuristics that developers have to keep in their heads in order to get the compiler to act the way they want it to.
In fact, this is why after years of using Svelte, I found myself using Svelte stores more and more often, and reactive declarations less. The reason being that Svelte stores are just javascript. Calling
update
on a store is simple, and being able to reference them with a$
was just a nice bonus — nothing to remember, and if I mess up the compiler yells at me.Proxies introduce a similar problem to reactive declarations, which is that they look like one thing but act like another on the edges.
When I started using Svelte 5, everything worked great — until I tried to save a proxy to indexeddb, at which point I got a
DataCloneError
. To make matters worse, it's impossible to reliably tell if something is aProxy
withouttry/catch
ing a structured clone, which is a performance-intensive operation.This forces the developer to remember what is and what isn't a Proxy, calling
$state.snapshot
every time they pass a proxy to a context that doesn't expect or know about them. This obviates all the nice abstractions they gave us in the first place.Components are not functions
The reason virtual DOM took off way back in 2013 was the ability to model your application as composed functions, each of which takes data and spits out HTML. Svelte retained this paradigm, using a compiler to sidestep the inefficiencies of virtual DOM and the complexities of lifecycle methods.
In Svelte 5, component lifecycles are back, react-hooks style.
In React, hooks are an abstraction that allows developers to avoid writing all the stateful code associated with component lifecycle methods. Modern React tutorials universally recommend using hooks instead, which rely on the framework invisibly synchronizing state with the render tree.
While this does result in cleaner code, it also requires developers to tread carefully to avoid breaking the assumptions surrounding hooks. Just try accessing state in a
setTimeout
and you'll see what I mean.Svelte 4 had a few gotchas like this — for example, async code that interacts with a component's DOM elements has to keep track of whether the component is unmounted. This is pretty similar to the kind of pattern you'd see in old React components that relied on lifecycle methods.
It seems to me that Svelte 5 has gone the React 16 route by adding implicit state related to component lifecycles in order to coordinate state changes and effects.
For example, here is an excerpt from the documentation for $effect:
You can place $effect anywhere, not just at the top level of a component, as long as it is called during component initialization (or while a parent effect is active). It is then tied to the lifecycle of the component (or parent effect) and will therefore destroy itself when the component unmounts (or the parent effect is destroyed).
That's very complex! In order to use
$effect
... effectively (sorry), developers have to understand how state changes are tracked. The documentation for component lifecycles claims:In Svelte 5, the component lifecycle consists of only two parts: Its creation and its destruction. Everything in-between — when certain state is updated — is not related to the component as a whole; only the parts that need to react to the state change are notified. This is because under the hood the smallest unit of change is actually not a component, it’s the (render) effects that the component sets up upon component initialization. Consequently, there’s no such thing as a “before update”/"after update” hook.
But then goes on to introduce the idea of
tick
in conjunction with$effect.pre
. This section explains that "tick
returns a promise that resolves once any pending state changes have been applied, or in the next microtask if there are none."I'm sure there's some mental model that justifies this, but I don't think the claim that a component's lifecycle is only comprised of mount/unmount is really helpful when an addendum about state changes has to come right afterward.
The place where this really bit me, and which is the motivation for this blog post, is when state gets coupled to a component's lifecycle, even when the state is passed to another function that doesn't know anything about svelte.
In my application, I manage modal dialogs by storing the component I want to render alongside its props in a store and rendering it in the
layout.svelte
of my application. This store is also synchronized with browser history so that the back button works to close them. Sometimes, it's useful to pass a callback to one of these modals, binding caller-specific functionality to the child component:javascript const {value} = $props() const callback = () => console.log(value) const openModal = () => pushModal(MyModal, {callback})
This is a fundamental pattern in javascript. Passing a callback is just one of those things you do.
Unfortunately, if the above code lives in a modal dialog itself, the caller component gets unmounted before the callback gets called. In Svelte 4, this worked fine, but in Svelte 5
value
gets updated toundefined
when the component gets unmounted. Here's a minimal reproduction.This is only one example, but it seems clear to me that any prop that is closed over by a callback function that lives longer than its component will be undefined when I want to use it — with no reassignment existing in lexical scope. It seems that the reason this happens is that the props "belong" to the parent component, and are accessed via getters so that the parent can revoke access when it unmounts.
I don't know why this is necessary, but I assume there's a good engineering reason for it. The problem is, this just isn't how javascript works. Svelte is essentially attempting to re-invent garbage collection around component lifecycles, which breaks the assumption every javascript developer has that variables don't simply disappear without an explicit reassignment. It should be safe to pass stuff around and let the garbage collector do its job.
Conclusion
Easy things are nice, but as Rich Hickey says, easy things are not always simple. And like Joel Spolsky, I don't like being surprised. Svelte has always been full of magic, but with the latest release I think the cognitive overhead of reciting incantations has finally outweighed the power it confers.
My point in this post is not to dunk on the Svelte team. I know lots of people like Svelte 5 (and react hooks). The point I'm trying to make is that there is a tradeoff between doing things on the user's behalf, and giving the user agency. Good software is built on understanding, not cleverness.
I also think this is an important lesson to remember as AI-assisted coding becomes increasingly popular. Don't choose tools that alienate you from your work. Choose tools that leverage the wisdom you've already accumulated, and which help you to cultivate a deeper understanding of the discipline.
Thank you to Rich Harris and team for many years of pleasant development. I hope that (if you read this) it's not so full of inaccuracies as to be unhelpful as user feedback.
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@ d41bf82f:ed90d888
2025-05-12 03:56:36“ฉันยังคงเชื่อและหวังว่า สักวันหนึ่งการเมืองและเศรษฐกิจจะลดบทบาทลงจากความสำคัญที่เคยมีในอดีต วันหนึ่งจะมาถึง วันที่ข้อถกเถียงทั้งหลายที่เรามีอยู่ในปัจจุบันเกี่ยวกับเรื่องเหล่านี้ จะดูเล็กน้อยหรือไร้ความหมาย ไม่ต่างจากการโต้แย้งทางเทววิทยาในยุคกลาง ซึ่งแม้แต่ปัญญาชนที่เฉียบแหลมที่สุดก็ยังทุ่มเทแรงกายแรงใจให้กับมันอย่างไร้ประโยชน์”
— อาร์เธอร์ ซี. คลาร์ก
บทนี้เปรียบเทียบการล่มสลายของโครงสร้างอำนาจทางการเมืองในยุคปัจจุบันกับความเสื่อมถอยของศาสนจักรในยุคกลาง ผู้เขียนตั้งข้อสังเกตว่าการเมืองสมัยใหม่—ในฐานะกิจกรรมที่เน้นการแย่งชิงอำนาจรัฐและให้เหตุผลแก่การใช้อำนาจ—เป็นเพียงสิ่งประดิษฐ์ชั่วคราวที่เกิดขึ้นในช่วงเวลาที่ผลตอบแทนจากการควบคุมรัฐมีสูง โดยเฉพาะในช่วงหลังการปฏิวัติดินปืน ซึ่งเป็นเหตุการณ์สำคัญที่เปลี่ยนตรรกะของการใช้ความรุนแรงอย่างรุนแรง
ก่อนหน้าการปฏิวัติดินปืน อำนาจทางทหารกระจัดกระจายอยู่ในมือของชนชั้นสูงตามระบบศักดินา อัศวินม้าหุ้มเกราะคือศูนย์กลางของกองกำลัง ซึ่งควบคุมได้ยากและมีต้นทุนสูง เมื่อมีดินปืนเข้ามาแทนที่ มันทำให้รัฐสามารถจัดตั้งกองทัพถาวรที่ควบคุมจากส่วนกลางได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ต้นทุนต่อหน่วยของความรุนแรงลดลง แต่กำลังทำลายล้างกลับเพิ่มขึ้น ทำให้การผูกขาดการใช้กำลังโดยรัฐกลายเป็นสิ่ง “คุ้มทุน” และส่งเสริมให้เกิดรัฐชาติสมัยใหม่ที่มีการเก็บภาษีอย่างเป็นระบบ มีระบบราชการ และกองทัพประจำการ
การเมืองในความหมายใหม่จึงถือกำเนิดขึ้นจากการแย่งชิงทรัพยากรและอำนาจรัฐที่เติบโตจากอิทธิพลของดินปืน ความสำคัญของคำถาม “ใครควบคุมรัฐ?” จึงกลายเป็นแกนกลางของความขัดแย้งทางการเมืองตลอด 500 ปีที่ผ่านมา ในมุมมองของผู้เขียน การเมืองไม่ได้เป็นแก่นแท้ของการดำรงอยู่ของมนุษย์ แต่เป็นผลพลอยได้จากเงื่อนไขทางเทคโนโลยีและภูมิสังคมในช่วงเวลาหนึ่ง ซึ่งกำลังหมดสภาพไปอย่างช้าๆ จากอิทธิพลของการปฏิวัติสารสนเทศ เช่นเดียวกับที่ระบบศักดินาเคยสิ้นสุดลงเมื่อสิ้นยุคกลาง
กระบวนการนี้เริ่มสังเกตได้จากความเบื่อหน่ายและการเสื่อมศรัทธาที่ผู้คนมีต่อการเมืองทั่วโลก ความไม่พอใจต่อการทุจริตของผู้นำ ความล้มเหลวในการบริหาร และความไร้ประสิทธิภาพของรัฐชาติ สะท้อนถึงการหมดอำนาจของโครงสร้างทางการเมืองแบบเดิมในระดับลึก แม้ในปัจจุบันผู้คนยังไม่สามารถจินตนาการถึงชีวิตที่ปราศจากการเมืองได้อย่างสิ้นเชิง แต่กระแสความเสื่อมถอยได้เริ่มขึ้นแล้ว เหมือนกับที่ผู้คนในยุคกลางยังเชื่อในอำนาจของศาสนจักร ทั้งที่ศรัทธาที่แท้จริงได้เสื่อมสลายไปก่อนหน้านั้นนาน
ผู้เขียนเปรียบการล่มสลายของการเมืองสมัยใหม่กับการล่มสลายของพระศาสนจักรในปลายคริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 15 โดยให้เหตุผลว่า ในช่วงนั้นผู้คนเริ่มหมดศรัทธาในนักบวช ทั้งระดับสูงและระดับล่าง มีการกล่าวหาว่าหิวเงิน คาวโลกีย์ และขายบาป ผู้คนยังเชื่อในศรัทธาภายนอก แต่ในความเป็นจริง สถาบันศาสนากลับไร้อำนาจในการควบคุมสังคม ความเปรียบเทียบนี้นำไปสู่ข้อเสนอว่ารัฐชาติกำลังเดินตามเส้นทางเดียวกัน คือหมดอำนาจลงทั้งในทางปฏิบัติและความชอบธรรม ในโลกยุคสารสนเทศ การควบคุมของรัฐมีต้นทุนสูงขึ้น เทคโนโลยีทำให้ผู้คนหลีกเลี่ยงอำนาจรัฐได้มากขึ้น รัฐไม่สามารถผูกขาดการใช้ความรุนแรงหรือการเก็บภาษีได้ง่ายเหมือนเดิม รัฐชาติจึงจะค่อย ๆ ถูกแทนที่ด้วยรูปแบบใหม่ของอธิปไตย เช่น เมืองอิสระหรือสาธารณรัฐพ่อค้า ซึ่งต้องแข่งขันกันเสมือนบริษัทเอกชน คิดค่าบริการตามคุณค่าที่ให้กับพลเมือง ผู้เขียนยังวิจารณ์มายาคติของยุคต่าง ๆ ที่บดบังความเข้าใจความจริงของโครงสร้างอำนาจ เช่น มายาคติเรื่องอัศวินในยุคกลาง หรือมายาคติเรื่องประชาธิปไตยในยุคปัจจุบัน ทั้งสองต่างเป็นภาพลวงที่ผูกปัจเจกบุคคลเข้ากับอำนาจรัฐเพื่อระดมทรัพยากรและแรงงาน ในยุคที่ต้นทุนของการใช้อำนาจเปลี่ยนไป บทบาทของทั้งอัศวินในยุคศักดินา และพลเมืองในยุคประชาธิปไตย ก็จะเสื่อมลงตามไปด้วย
กล่าวโดยสรุป บทนี้เสนอว่าเรากำลังอยู่ในช่วงหัวเลี้ยวหัวต่อของประวัติศาสตร์ เมื่อระบบรัฐชาติและการเมืองในรูปแบบที่เราคุ้นเคยกำลังถึงจุดจบ เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศจะปลดล็อกพลังของปัจเจกบุคคลให้มีทางเลือกที่หลากหลายกว่าการอยู่ภายใต้รัฐเพียงแบบเดียว และโลกใหม่ที่กำลังจะมาอาจไม่ต้องการ “การเมือง” อย่างที่เราเคยรู้จักอีกต่อไป...
สามารถไปติดตามเนื้อหาแบบ short vdo ที่สรุปประเด็นสำคัญจากแต่ละบท พร้อมกราฟิกและคำอธิบายกระชับ เข้าใจง่าย ได้ที่ TikTok ช่อง https://www.tiktok.com/@moneyment1971
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@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-12 01:34:24สวัสดีค่ะเพื่อนๆ นักเทรดที่น่ารักทุกคน! 💕 Lina Engword กลับมาพร้อมกับการวิเคราะห์ BTCUSDT.P แบบเจาะลึกเพื่อเตรียมพร้อมสำหรับเทรดวันนี้ค่ะ! 🚀
วันนี้ 12 พฤษภาคม 2568 เวลา 08.15น. ราคา BTCUSDT.P อยู่ที่ 104,642.8 USDT ค่ะ โดยมี Previous Weekly High (PWH) อยู่ที่ 104,967.8 Previous Weekly Low (PWL) ที่ 93,338 ค่ะ
✨ ภาพรวมตลาดวันนี้ ✨
จากการวิเคราะห์ด้วยเครื่องมือคู่ใจของเรา ทั้ง SMC/ICT (Demand/Supply Zone, Order Block, Liquidity), EMA 50/200, Trend Strength, Money Flow, Chart/Price Pattern, Premium/Discount Zone, Trend line, Fibonacci, Elliott Wave และ Dow Theory ใน Timeframe ตั้งแต่ 15m ไปจนถึง Week! 📊 เราพบว่าภาพใหญ่ของ BTCUSDT.P ยังคงอยู่ในแนวโน้มขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่งมากๆ ค่ะ 👍 โดยเฉพาะใน Timeframe Day และ Week ที่สัญญาณทุกอย่างสนับสนุนทิศทางขาขึ้นอย่างชัดเจน Money Flow ยังไหลเข้าอย่างต่อเนื่อง และเราเห็นโครงสร้างตลาดแบบ Dow Theory ที่ยก High ยก Low ขึ้นไปเรื่อยๆ ค่ะ
อย่างไรก็ตาม... ใน Timeframe สั้นๆ อย่าง 15m และ 1H เริ่มเห็นสัญญาณของการชะลอตัวและการพักฐานบ้างแล้วค่ะ 📉 อาจมีการสร้าง Buyside และ Sellside Liquidity รอให้ราคาไปกวาดก่อนที่จะเลือกทางใดทางหนึ่ง ซึ่งเป็นเรื่องปกติของการเดินทางของ Smart Money ค่ะ
⚡ เปรียบเทียบแนวโน้มแต่ละ Timeframe ⚡
🪙 แนวโน้มตรงกัน Timeframe 4H, Day, Week ส่วนใหญ่ชี้ไปทาง "ขาขึ้น" ค่ะ ทุกเครื่องมือสนับสนุนแนวโน้มนี้อย่างแข็งแกร่ง 💪 เป้าหมายต่อไปคือการไปทดสอบ PWH และ High เดิม เพื่อสร้าง All-Time High ใหม่ค่ะ! 🪙 แนวโน้มต่างกัน Timeframe 15m, 1H ยังค่อนข้าง "Sideways" หรือ "Sideways Down เล็กน้อย" ค่ะ มีการบีบตัวของราคาและอาจมีการพักฐานสั้นๆ ซึ่งเป็นโอกาสในการหาจังหวะเข้า Long ที่ราคาดีขึ้นค่ะ
💡 วิธีคิดแบบ Market Slayer 💡
เมื่อแนวโน้มใหญ่เป็นขาขึ้นที่แข็งแกร่ง เราจะเน้นหาจังหวะเข้า Long เป็นหลักค่ะ การย่อตัวลงมาในระยะสั้นคือโอกาสของเราในการเก็บของ! 🛍️ เราจะใช้หลักการ SMC/ICT หาโซน Demand หรือ Order Block ที่ Smart Money อาจจะเข้ามาดันราคาขึ้น และรอสัญญาณ Price Action ยืนยันการกลับตัวค่ะ
สรุปแนวโน้มวันนี้:
🪙 ระยะสั้น: Sideways to Sideways Down (โอกาส 55%) ↔️↘️ 🪙 ระยะกลาง: ขาขึ้น (โอกาส 70%) ↗️ 🪙 ระยะยาว: ขาขึ้น (โอกาส 85%) 🚀 🪙 วันนี้: มีโอกาสย่อตัวเล็กน้อยก่อนจะมีแรงซื้อกลับเข้ามาเพื่อไปทดสอบ PWH (โอกาส Sideways Down เล็กน้อย สลับกับ Sideways Up: 60%) 🎢
🗓️ Daily Trade Setup ประจำวันนี้ 🗓️
นี่คือตัวอย่าง Setup ที่ Lina เตรียมไว้ให้พิจารณาค่ะ (เน้นย้ำว่าเป็นเพียงแนวทาง ไม่ใช่คำแนะนำลงทุนนะคะ)
1️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 1: รอรับที่โซน Demand (ปลอดภัย, รอยืนยัน)
🪙 Enter: รอราคาย่อตัวลงมาในโซน Demand Zone หรือ Bullish Order Block ที่น่าสนใจใน TF 1H/4H (ดูจากกราฟประกอบนะคะ) และเกิดสัญญาณ Bullish Price Action ที่ชัดเจน เช่น แท่งเทียนกลืนกิน (Engulfing) หรือ Hammer 🪙 TP: บริเวณ PWH 104,967.8 หรือ Buyside Liquidity ถัดไป 🎯 🪙 SL: ใต้ Low ที่เกิดก่อนสัญญาณกลับตัวเล็กน้อย หรือใต้ Demand Zone ที่เข้า 🛡️ 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:2.5 ขึ้นไป ✨ 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้เราจะใจเย็นๆ รอให้ราคาลงมาในโซนที่มีโอกาสเจอแรงซื้อเยอะๆ ตามหลัก SMC/ICT แล้วค่อยเข้า เพื่อให้ได้ราคาที่ดีและความเสี่ยงต่ำค่ะ ต้องรอสัญญาณ Price Action ยืนยันก่อนนะคะ ✍️
2️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 2: Follow Breakout (สายบู๊, รับความเสี่ยงได้)
🪙 Enter: เข้า Long ทันทีเมื่อราคาสามารถ Breakout เหนือ High ล่าสุดใน TF 15m หรือ 1H พร้อม Volume ที่เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ 🔥 🪙 TP: บริเวณ PWH 104,967.8 หรือ Buyside Liquidity ถัดไป 🚀 🪙 SL: ใต้ High ก่อนหน้าที่ถูก Breakout เล็กน้อย 🚧 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:3 ขึ้นไป ✨ 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้เหมาะกับคนที่อยากเข้าไวเมื่อเห็นโมเมนตัมแรงๆ ค่ะ เราจะเข้าเมื่อราคา Breakout แนวต้านระยะสั้นพร้อม Volume เป็นสัญญาณว่าแรงซื้อกำลังมาค่ะ เข้าได้เลยด้วยการตั้ง Limit Order หรือ Market Order เมื่อเห็นการ Breakout ที่ชัดเจนค่ะ 💨
3️⃣ ตัวอย่างที่ 3: พิจารณา Short สั้นๆ ในโซน Premium (สวนเทรนด์หลัก, ความเสี่ยงสูง)
🪙 Enter: หากราคาขึ้นไปในโซน Premium ใน TF 15m หรือ 1H และเกิดสัญญาณ Bearish Price Action ที่ชัดเจน เช่น แท่งเทียน Shooting Star หรือ Bearish Engulfing บริเวณ Supply Zone หรือ Bearish Order Block 🐻 🪙 TP: พิจารณาแนวรับถัดไป หรือ Sellside Liquidity ใน TF เดียวกัน 🎯 🪙 SL: เหนือ High ของสัญญาณ Bearish Price Action เล็กน้อย 💀 🪙 RRR: ประมาณ 1:1.5 ขึ้นไป (เน้นย้ำว่าเป็นการเทรดสวนเทรนด์หลัก ควรใช้ RRR ต่ำและบริหารขนาด Lot อย่างเข้มงวด!) 🪙 อธิบาย: Setup นี้สำหรับคนที่เห็นโอกาสในการทำกำไรจากการย่อตัวระยะสั้นค่ะ เราจะเข้า Short เมื่อเห็นสัญญาณว่าราคาอาจจะมีการพักฐานในโซนที่ถือว่า "แพง" ในกรอบสั้นๆ ค่ะ ต้องตั้ง Stop Loss ใกล้มากๆ และจับตาดูใกล้ชิดนะคะ 🚨
⚠️ Disclaimer: การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของ Lina เท่านั้น ไม่ถือเป็นคำแนะนำในการลงทุนนะคะ การลงทุนมีความเสี่ยง ผู้ลงทุนควรศึกษาข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมและตัดสินใจด้วยความรอบคอบค่ะ 🙏
ขอให้ทุกท่านโชคดีกับการเทรดในวันนี้ค่ะ! มีคำถามอะไรเพิ่มเติม ถามมาได้เลยนะคะ ยินดีเสมอค่ะ! 😊
Bitcoin #BTCUSDT #Crypto #Trading #TechnicalAnalysis #SMC #ICT #MarketSlayer #TradeSetup #คริปโต #เทรดคริปโต #วิเคราะห์กราฟ #LinaEngword 😉
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 20:15:51U društvu koje koristi čvrst novac, jedini način sticanja bogatstva je stvaranje vrednosti za druge. Šta se jbt desilo 1971?
Autor filma: @rjames_BTC
Zvanični vebsajt: hardmoneyfilm.com
Prevod: bitcoin-balkan.com
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 19:29:26"Misterija Satoši - Poreklo bitkoina" je francuski dokumentarno-animirani serijal koji dešifruje unutrašnje funkcionisanje bitkoin revolucije, dok istražuje identitet njenog tvorca.
Prvu decentralizovanu i pouzdanu kriptovalutu – bitkoin, osnovao je Satoši Nakamoto 3. januara 2009. godine. On je nestao 2011. i od tada ostaje anoniman, a njegov identitet je predmet svakakvih spekulacija. Tokom poslednjih 12 godina, vrednost bitkoina je porasla sa 0,001 na 69.000 dolara. Svi, od vlada do velikih korporacija, zainteresovali su se za Satošijev izum. Ko je Satoši Nakamoto? Kako je njegov izum postao toliko popularan? Šta nam bitkoin govori o svetu u kome živimo?
Ovaj serijal se prikazivao na Radio-televiziji Srbije (RTS 3) u sklopu novogodišnjeg muzičkog i filmskog programa 2022/2023. godine.
Naslov originala: "Le Mystère Satoshi"
Copyright: ARTE.TV
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@ d61f3bc5:0da6ef4a
2025-05-06 01:37:28I remember the first gathering of Nostr devs two years ago in Costa Rica. We were all psyched because Nostr appeared to solve the problem of self-sovereign online identity and decentralized publishing. The protocol seemed well-suited for textual content, but it wasn't really designed to handle binary files, like images or video.
The Problem
When I publish a note that contains an image link, the note itself is resilient thanks to Nostr, but if the hosting service disappears or takes my image down, my note will be broken forever. We need a way to publish binary data without relying on a single hosting provider.
We were discussing how there really was no reliable solution to this problem even outside of Nostr. Peer-to-peer attempts like IPFS simply didn't work; they were hopelessly slow and unreliable in practice. Torrents worked for popular files like movies, but couldn't be relied on for general file hosting.
Awesome Blossom
A year later, I attended the Sovereign Engineering demo day in Madeira, organized by Pablo and Gigi. Many projects were presented over a three hour demo session that day, but one really stood out for me.
Introduced by hzrd149 and Stu Bowman, Blossom blew my mind because it showed how we can solve complex problems easily by simply relying on the fact that Nostr exists. Having an open user directory, with the corresponding social graph and web of trust is an incredible building block.
Since we can easily look up any user on Nostr and read their profile metadata, we can just get them to simply tell us where their files are stored. This, combined with hash-based addressing (borrowed from IPFS), is all we need to solve our problem.
How Blossom Works
The Blossom protocol (Blobs Stored Simply on Mediaservers) is formally defined in a series of BUDs (Blossom Upgrade Documents). Yes, Blossom is the most well-branded protocol in the history of protocols. Feel free to refer to the spec for details, but I will provide a high level explanation here.
The main idea behind Blossom can be summarized in three points:
- Users specify which media server(s) they use via their public Blossom settings published on Nostr;
- All files are uniquely addressable via hashes;
- If an app fails to load a file from the original URL, it simply goes to get it from the server(s) specified in the user's Blossom settings.
Just like Nostr itself, the Blossom protocol is dead-simple and it works!
Let's use this image as an example:
If you look at the URL for this image, you will notice that it looks like this:
blossom.primal.net/c1aa63f983a44185d039092912bfb7f33adcf63ed3cae371ebe6905da5f688d0.jpg
All Blossom URLs follow this format:
[server]/[file-hash].[extension]
The file hash is important because it uniquely identifies the file in question. Apps can use it to verify that the file they received is exactly the file they requested. It also gives us the ability to reliably get the same file from a different server.
Nostr users declare which media server(s) they use by publishing their Blossom settings. If I store my files on Server A, and they get removed, I can simply upload them to Server B, update my public Blossom settings, and all Blossom-capable apps will be able to find them at the new location. All my existing notes will continue to display media content without any issues.
Blossom Mirroring
Let's face it, re-uploading files to another server after they got removed from the original server is not the best user experience. Most people wouldn't have the backups of all the files, and/or the desire to do this work.
This is where Blossom's mirroring feature comes handy. In addition to the primary media server, a Blossom user can set one one or more mirror servers. Under this setup, every time a file is uploaded to the primary server the Nostr app issues a mirror request to the primary server, directing it to copy the file to all the specified mirrors. This way there is always a copy of all content on multiple servers and in case the primary becomes unavailable, Blossom-capable apps will automatically start loading from the mirror.
Mirrors are really easy to setup (you can do it in two clicks in Primal) and this arrangement ensures robust media handling without any central points of failure. Note that you can use professional media hosting services side by side with self-hosted backup servers that anyone can run at home.
Using Blossom Within Primal
Blossom is natively integrated into the entire Primal stack and enabled by default. If you are using Primal 2.2 or later, you don't need to do anything to enable Blossom, all your media uploads are blossoming already.
To enhance user privacy, all Primal apps use the "/media" endpoint per BUD-05, which strips all metadata from uploaded files before they are saved and optionally mirrored to other Blossom servers, per user settings. You can use any Blossom server as your primary media server in Primal, as well as setup any number of mirrors:
## Conclusion
For such a simple protocol, Blossom gives us three major benefits:
- Verifiable authenticity. All Nostr notes are always signed by the note author. With Blossom, the signed note includes a unique hash for each referenced media file, making it impossible to falsify.
- File hosting redundancy. Having multiple live copies of referenced media files (via Blossom mirroring) greatly increases the resiliency of media content published on Nostr.
- Censorship resistance. Blossom enables us to seamlessly switch media hosting providers in case of censorship.
Thanks for reading; and enjoy! 🌸
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@ 6e64b83c:94102ee8
2025-05-05 16:50:13Nostr-static is a powerful static site generator that transforms long-form Nostr content into beautiful, standalone websites. It makes your content accessible to everyone, even those not using Nostr clients. For more information check out my previous blog post How to Create a Blog Out of Nostr Long-Form Articles
What's New in Version 0.7?
RSS and Atom Feeds
Version 0.7 brings comprehensive feed support with both RSS and Atom formats. The system automatically generates feeds for your main content, individual profiles, and tag-specific pages. These feeds are seamlessly integrated into your site's header, making them easily discoverable by feed readers and content aggregators.
This feature bridges the gap between Nostr and traditional web publishing, allowing your content to reach readers who prefer feed readers or automated content distribution systems.
Smart Content Discovery
The new tag discovery system enhances your readers' experience by automatically finding and recommending relevant articles from the Nostr network. It works by:
- Analyzing the tags in your articles
- Fetching popular articles from Nostr that share these tags
- Using configurable weights to rank these articles based on:
- Engagement metrics (reactions, reposts, replies)
- Zap statistics (amount, unique zappers, average zap size)
- Content quality signals (report penalties)
This creates a dynamic "Recommended Articles" section that helps readers discover more content they might be interested in, all while staying within the Nostr ecosystem.
See the new features yourself by visiting our demo at: https://blog.nostrize.me
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-05-10 09:50:45Information ohne Reflexion ist geistiger Flugsand. \ Ernst Reinhardt
Der lateinische Ausdruck «Quo vadis» als Frage nach einer Entwicklung oder Ausrichtung hat biblische Wurzeln. Er wird aber auch in unserer Alltagssprache verwendet, laut Duden meist als Ausdruck von Besorgnis oder Skepsis im Sinne von: «Wohin wird das führen?»
Der Sinn und Zweck von so mancher politischen Entscheidung erschließt sich heutzutage nicht mehr so leicht, und viele Trends können uns Sorge bereiten. Das sind einerseits sehr konkrete Themen wie die zunehmende Militarisierung und die geschichtsvergessene Kriegstreiberei in Europa, deren Feindbildpflege aktuell beim Gedenken an das Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs beschämende Formen annimmt.
Auch das hohe Gut der Schweizer Neutralität scheint immer mehr in Gefahr. Die schleichende Bewegung der Eidgenossenschaft in Richtung NATO und damit weg von einer Vermittlerposition erhält auch durch den neuen Verteidigungsminister Anschub. Martin Pfister möchte eine stärkere Einbindung in die europäische Verteidigungsarchitektur, verwechselt bei der Argumentation jedoch Ursache und Wirkung.
Das Thema Gesundheit ist als Zugpferd für Geschäfte und Kontrolle offenbar schon zuverlässig etabliert. Die hauptsächlich privat finanzierte Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) ist dabei durch ein Netzwerk von sogenannten «Collaborating Centres» sogar so weit in nationale Einrichtungen eingedrungen, dass man sich fragen kann, ob diese nicht von Genf aus gesteuert werden.
Das Schweizer Bundesamt für Gesundheit (BAG) übernimmt in dieser Funktion ebenso von der WHO definierte Aufgaben und Pflichten wie das deutsche Robert Koch-Institut (RKI). Gegen die Covid-«Impfung» für Schwangere, die das BAG empfiehlt, obwohl es fehlende wissenschaftliche Belege für deren Schutzwirkung einräumt, formiert sich im Tessin gerade Widerstand.
Unter dem Stichwort «Gesundheitssicherheit» werden uns die Bestrebungen verkauft, essenzielle Dienste mit einer biometrischen digitalen ID zu verknüpfen. Das dient dem Profit mit unseren Daten und führt im Ergebnis zum Verlust unserer demokratischen Freiheiten. Die deutsche elektronische Patientenakte (ePA) ist ein Element mit solchem Potenzial. Die Schweizer Bürger haben gerade ein Referendum gegen das revidierte E-ID-Gesetz erzwungen. In Thailand ist seit Anfang Mai für die Einreise eine «Digital Arrival Card» notwendig, die mit ihrer Gesundheitserklärung einen Impfpass «durch die Hintertür» befürchten lässt.
Der massive Blackout auf der iberischen Halbinsel hat vermehrt Fragen dazu aufgeworfen, wohin uns Klimawandel-Hysterie und «grüne» Energiepolitik führen werden. Meine Kollegin Wiltrud Schwetje ist dem nachgegangen und hat in mehreren Beiträgen darüber berichtet. Wenig überraschend führen interessante Spuren mal wieder zu internationalen Großbanken, Globalisten und zur EU-Kommission.
Zunehmend bedenklich ist aber ganz allgemein auch die manifestierte Spaltung unserer Gesellschaften. Angesichts der tiefen und sorgsam gepflegten Gräben fällt es inzwischen schwer, eine zukunftsfähige Perspektive zu erkennen. Umso begrüßenswerter sind Initiativen wie die Kölner Veranstaltungsreihe «Neue Visionen für die Zukunft». Diese möchte die Diskussionskultur reanimieren und dazu beitragen, dass Menschen wieder ohne Angst und ergebnisoffen über kontroverse Themen der Zeit sprechen.
Quo vadis – Wohin gehen wir also? Die Suche nach Orientierung in diesem vermeintlichen Chaos führt auch zur Reflexion über den eigenen Lebensweg. Das ist positiv insofern, als wir daraus Kraft schöpfen können. Ob derweil der neue Papst, dessen «Vorgänger» Petrus unsere Ausgangsfrage durch die christliche Legende zugeschrieben wird, dabei eine Rolle spielt, muss jede/r selbst wissen. Mir persönlich ist allein schon ein Führungsanspruch wie der des Petrusprimats der römisch-katholischen Kirche eher suspekt.
[Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353
2025-05-04 14:53:42Amico mio, ascolta bene!
Without hesitation, the woman you attract with lies is not truly yours. Davvero, she is the temporary property of the illusion you’ve built to seduce her. And every illusion, sooner or later, crumbles.
Weak men sell inflated versions of themselves. They talk about what they don’t have, promise what they can’t sustain, adorn their empty selves with words that are nothing more than a coat of paint. And they do this thinking that, later, they’ll be able to "show who they really are." Fatal mistake, cazzo!
The truth, amico mio, is not something that appears at the end. It is what holds up the whole beginning.
The woman who approaches a lie may smile at first — but she is smiling at the theater, not at the actor. When the curtains fall, what she will see is not a man. It will be a character tired of performing, begging for love from a self-serving audience in the front row.
That’s why I always point out that lying to win a woman’s heart is the same as sabotaging your own nature. The woman who comes through an invented version of you will be the first to leave when the veil of lies tears apart. Not out of cruelty, but out of consistency with her own interest. Fine... She didn’t leave you, but rather, that version of yourself never truly existed to be left behind.
A worthy man presents himself without deceptive adornments. And those who stay, stay because they know exactly who they are choosing as a man. That’s what differentiates forged seduction from the convenience of love built on honor, loyalty, and respect.
Ah, amico mio, I remember well. It was lunch on an autumn day in Catania. Mediterranean heat, and the Nero D'Avola wine from midday clinging to the lips like dried blood. Sitting in the shade of a lemon tree planted right by my grandfather's vineyard entrance, my uncle — the oldest of my father’s brothers — spoke little, but when he called us to sit by his side, all the nephews would quiet down to listen. And in my youth, he told me something that has never left my mind.
“In Sicily, the woman who endures the silence of a man about his business is more loyal than the one who is enchanted by speeches about what he does or how much he earns. Perchè, figlio mio, the first one has seen the truth. The second one, only a false shine.”
Thank you for reading, my friend!
If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.
A toast to our family!
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@ 9e69e420:d12360c2
2025-02-17 17:12:01President Trump has intensified immigration enforcement, likening it to a wartime effort. Despite pouring resources into the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), arrest numbers are declining and falling short of goals. ICE fell from about 800 daily arrests in late January to fewer than 600 in early February.
Critics argue the administration is merely showcasing efforts with ineffectiveness, while Trump seeks billions more in funding to support his deportation agenda. Increased involvement from various federal agencies is intended to assist ICE, but many lack specific immigration training.
Challenges persist, as fewer immigrants are available for quick deportation due to a decline in illegal crossings. Local sheriffs are also pressured by rising demands to accommodate immigrants, which may strain resources further.
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@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1
2025-02-15 07:02:08E-cash are coupons or tokens for Bitcoin, or Bitcoin debt notes that the mint issues. The e-cash states, essentially, "IoU 2900 sats".
They're redeemable for Bitcoin on Lightning (hard money), and therefore can be used as cash (softer money), so long as the mint has a good reputation. That means that they're less fungible than Lightning because the e-cash from one mint can be more or less valuable than the e-cash from another. If a mint is buggy, offline, or disappears, then the e-cash is unreedemable.
It also means that e-cash is more anonymous than Lightning, and that the sender and receiver's wallets don't need to be online, to transact. Nutzaps now add the possibility of parking transactions one level farther out, on a relay. The same relays that cannot keep npub profiles and follow lists consistent will now do monetary transactions.
What we then have is * a transaction on a relay that triggers * a transaction on a mint that triggers * a transaction on Lightning that triggers * a transaction on Bitcoin.
Which means that every relay that stores the nuts is part of a wildcat banking system. Which is fine, but relay operators should consider whether they wish to carry the associated risks and liabilities. They should also be aware that they should implement the appropriate features in their relay, such as expiration tags (nuts rot after 2 weeks), and to make sure that only expired nuts are deleted.
There will be plenty of specialized relays for this, so don't feel pressured to join in, and research the topic carefully, for yourself.
https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/60.md
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@ daa41bed:88f54153
2025-02-09 16:50:04There has been a good bit of discussion on Nostr over the past few days about the merits of zaps as a method of engaging with notes, so after writing a rather lengthy article on the pros of a strategic Bitcoin reserve, I wanted to take some time to chime in on the much more fun topic of digital engagement.
Let's begin by defining a couple of things:
Nostr is a decentralized, censorship-resistance protocol whose current biggest use case is social media (think Twitter/X). Instead of relying on company servers, it relies on relays that anyone can spin up and own their own content. Its use cases are much bigger, though, and this article is hosted on my own relay, using my own Nostr relay as an example.
Zap is a tip or donation denominated in sats (small units of Bitcoin) sent from one user to another. This is generally done directly over the Lightning Network but is increasingly using Cashu tokens. For the sake of this discussion, how you transmit/receive zaps will be irrelevant, so don't worry if you don't know what Lightning or Cashu are.
If we look at how users engage with posts and follows/followers on platforms like Twitter, Facebook, etc., it becomes evident that traditional social media thrives on engagement farming. The more outrageous a post, the more likely it will get a reaction. We see a version of this on more visual social platforms like YouTube and TikTok that use carefully crafted thumbnail images to grab the user's attention to click the video. If you'd like to dive deep into the psychology and science behind social media engagement, let me know, and I'd be happy to follow up with another article.
In this user engagement model, a user is given the option to comment or like the original post, or share it among their followers to increase its signal. They receive no value from engaging with the content aside from the dopamine hit of the original experience or having their comment liked back by whatever influencer they provide value to. Ad revenue flows to the content creator. Clout flows to the content creator. Sales revenue from merch and content placement flows to the content creator. We call this a linear economy -- the idea that resources get created, used up, then thrown away. Users create content and farm as much engagement as possible, then the content is forgotten within a few hours as they move on to the next piece of content to be farmed.
What if there were a simple way to give value back to those who engage with your content? By implementing some value-for-value model -- a circular economy. Enter zaps.
Unlike traditional social media platforms, Nostr does not actively use algorithms to determine what content is popular, nor does it push content created for active user engagement to the top of a user's timeline. Yes, there are "trending" and "most zapped" timelines that users can choose to use as their default, but these use relatively straightforward engagement metrics to rank posts for these timelines.
That is not to say that we may not see clients actively seeking to refine timeline algorithms for specific metrics. Still, the beauty of having an open protocol with media that is controlled solely by its users is that users who begin to see their timeline gamed towards specific algorithms can choose to move to another client, and for those who are more tech-savvy, they can opt to run their own relays or create their own clients with personalized algorithms and web of trust scoring systems.
Zaps enable the means to create a new type of social media economy in which creators can earn for creating content and users can earn by actively engaging with it. Like and reposting content is relatively frictionless and costs nothing but a simple button tap. Zaps provide active engagement because they signal to your followers and those of the content creator that this post has genuine value, quite literally in the form of money—sats.
I have seen some comments on Nostr claiming that removing likes and reactions is for wealthy people who can afford to send zaps and that the majority of people in the US and around the world do not have the time or money to zap because they have better things to spend their money like feeding their families and paying their bills. While at face value, these may seem like valid arguments, they, unfortunately, represent the brainwashed, defeatist attitude that our current economic (and, by extension, social media) systems aim to instill in all of us to continue extracting value from our lives.
Imagine now, if those people dedicating their own time (time = money) to mine pity points on social media would instead spend that time with genuine value creation by posting content that is meaningful to cultural discussions. Imagine if, instead of complaining that their posts get no zaps and going on a tirade about how much of a victim they are, they would empower themselves to take control of their content and give value back to the world; where would that leave us? How much value could be created on a nascent platform such as Nostr, and how quickly could it overtake other platforms?
Other users argue about user experience and that additional friction (i.e., zaps) leads to lower engagement, as proven by decades of studies on user interaction. While the added friction may turn some users away, does that necessarily provide less value? I argue quite the opposite. You haven't made a few sats from zaps with your content? Can't afford to send some sats to a wallet for zapping? How about using the most excellent available resource and spending 10 seconds of your time to leave a comment? Likes and reactions are valueless transactions. Social media's real value derives from providing monetary compensation and actively engaging in a conversation with posts you find interesting or thought-provoking. Remember when humans thrived on conversation and discussion for entertainment instead of simply being an onlooker of someone else's life?
If you've made it this far, my only request is this: try only zapping and commenting as a method of engagement for two weeks. Sure, you may end up liking a post here and there, but be more mindful of how you interact with the world and break yourself from blind instinct. You'll thank me later.
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@ 97c70a44:ad98e322
2025-02-03 22:25:35Last week, in a bid to understand the LLM hype, I decided to write a trivial nostr-related program in rust via a combination of codebuff (yes, that is a referral link, pls click), aider, and goose.
The result of the experiment was inconclusive, but as a side effect it produced a great case study in converting a NINO into a Real Nostr App.
Introducing Roz
Roz, a friendly notary for nostr events.
To use it, simply publish an event to
relay.damus.io
ornos.lol
, and roz will make note of it. To find out when roz first saw a given event, just ask:curl https://roz.coracle.social/notary/cb429632ae22557d677a11149b2d0ccd72a1cf66ac55da30e3534ed1a492765d
This will return a JSON payload with a
seen
key indicating when roz first saw the event. How (and whether) you use this is up to you!De-NINO-fying roz
Roz is just a proof of concept, so don't rely on it being there forever. And anyway, roz is a NINO, since it provides value to nostr (potentially), but doesn't really do things in a nostr-native way. It also hard-codes its relays, and certainly doesn't use the outbox model or sign events. But that's ok, it's a proof of concept.
A much better way to do this would be to modify roz to properly leverage nostr's capabilities, namely:
- Use nostr-native data formats (i.e., draft a new kind)
- Use relays instead of proprietary servers for data storage
- Leverage nostr identities and signatures to decouple trust from storage, and allow trusted attestations to be discovered
Luckily, this is not hard at all. In fact, I've gone ahead and drafted a PR to the NIPs repo that adds timestamp annotations to NIP 03, as an alternative to OpenTimestamps. The trade-off is that while user attestations are far less reliable than OTS proofs, they're much easier to verify, and can reach a pretty high level of reliability by combining multiple attestation sources with other forms of reputation.
In other words, instead of going nuclear and embedding your attestations into The Time Chain, you can simply ask 5-10 relays or people you trust for their attestations for a given event.
This PR isn't terribly important on its own, but it does remove one small barrier between us and trusted key rotation events (or other types of event that require establishing a verifiable chain of causality).
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@ 3f770d65:7a745b24
2025-04-21 00:15:06At the recent Launch Music Festival and Conference in Lancaster, PA, featuring over 120 musicians across three days, I volunteered my time with Tunestr and Phantom Power Music's initiative to introduce artists to Bitcoin, Nostr, and the value-for-value model. Tunestr sponsored a stage, live-streaming 21 bands to platforms like Tunestr.io, Fountain.fm and other Nostr/Podcasting 2.0 apps and on-boarding as many others as possible at our conference booth. You may have seen me spamming about this over the last few days.
V4V Earnings
Day 1: 180,000 sats
Day 2: 300,000 sats
Day 3: Over 500,000 sats
Who?
Here are the artists that were on-boarded to Fountain and were live streaming on the Value-for-Value stage:
nostr:npub1cruu4z0hwg7n3r2k7262vx8jsmra3xpku85frl5fnfvrwz7rd7mq7e403w nostr:npub12xeh3n7w8700z4tpd6xlhlvg4vtg4pvpxd584ll5sva539tutc3q0tn3tz nostr:npub1rc80p4v60uzfhvdgxemhvcqnzdj7t59xujxdy0lcjxml3uwdezyqtrpe0j @npub16vxr4pc2ww3yaez9q4s53zkejjfd0djs9lfe55sjhnqkh nostr:npub10uspdzg4fl7md95mqnjszxx82ckdly8ezac0t3s06a0gsf4f3lys8ypeak nostr:npub1gnyzexr40qut0za2c4a0x27p4e3qc22wekhcw3uvdx8mwa3pen0s9z90wk nostr:npub13qrrw2h4z52m7jh0spefrwtysl4psfkfv6j4j672se5hkhvtyw7qu0almy nostr:npub1p0kuqxxw2mxczc90vcurvfq7ljuw2394kkqk6gqnn2cq0y9eq5nq87jtkk nostr:npub182kq0sdp7chm67uq58cf4vvl3lk37z8mm5k5067xe09fqqaaxjsqlcazej nostr:npub162hr8kd96vxlanvggl08hmyy37qsn8ehgj7za7squl83um56epnswkr399 nostr:npub17jzk5ex2rafres09c4dnn5mm00eejye6nrurnlla6yn22zcpl7vqg6vhvx nostr:npub176rnksulheuanfx8y8cr2mrth4lh33svvpztggjjm6j2pqw6m56sq7s9vz nostr:npub1akv7t7xpalhsc4nseljs0c886jzuhq8u42qdcwvu972f3mme9tjsgp5xxk nostr:npub18x0gv872489lrczp9d9m4hx59r754x7p9rg2jkgvt7ul3kuqewtqsssn24
Many more musicians were on-boarded to Fountain, however, we were unable to obtain all of their npubs.
THANK YOU TO ALL ZAPPERS AND BOOSTERS!
Musicians “Get It”
My key takeaway was the musicians' absolute understanding that the current digital landscape along with legacy social media is failing them. Every artist I spoke with recognized how algorithms hinder fan connection and how gatekeepers prevent fair compensation for their work. They all use Spotify, but they only do so out of necessity. They felt the music industry is primed for both a social and monetary revolution. Some of them were even speaking my language…
Because of this, concepts like decentralization, censorship resistance, owning your content, and controlling your social graph weren't just understood by them, they were instantly embraced. The excitement was real; they immediately saw the potential and agreed with me. Bitcoin and Nostr felt genuinely punk rock and that helped a lot of them identify with what we were offering them.
The Tools and the Issues
While the Nostr ecosystem offers a wide variety of tools, we focused on introducing three key applications at this event to keep things clear for newcomers:
- Fountain, with a music focus, was the primary tool for onboarding attendees onto Nostr. Fountain was also chosen thanks to Fountain’s built-in Lightning wallet.
- Primal, as a social alternative, was demonstrated to show how users can take their Nostr identity and content seamlessly between different applications.
- Tunestr.io, lastly was showcased for its live video streaming capabilities.
Although we highlighted these three, we did inform attendees about the broader range of available apps and pointed them to
nostrapps.com
if they wanted to explore further, aiming to educate without overwhelming them.This review highlights several UX issues with the Fountain app, particularly concerning profile updates, wallet functionality, and user discovery. While Fountain does work well, these minor hiccups make it extremely hard for on-boarding and education.
- Profile Issues:
- When a user edits their profile (e.g., Username/Nostr address, Lightning address) either during or after creation, the changes don't appear to consistently update across the app or sync correctly with Nostr relays.
- Specifically, the main profile display continues to show the old default Username/Nostr address and Lightning address inside Fountain and on other Nostr clients.
- However, the updated Username/Nostr address does appear on https://fountain.fm (chosen-username@fountain.fm) and is visible within the "Edit Profile" screen itself in the app.
- This inconsistency is confusing for users, as they see their updated information in some places but not on their main public-facing profile within the app. I confirmed this by observing a new user sign up and edit their username – the edit screen showed the new name, but the profile display in Fountain did not update and we did not see it inside Primal, Damus, Amethyst, etc.
- Wallet Limitations:
- The app's built-in wallet cannot scan Lightning address QR codes to initiate payments.
- This caused problems during the event where users imported Bitcoin from Azte.co vouchers into their Fountain wallets. When they tried to Zap a band by scanning a QR code on the live tally board, Fountain displayed an error message stating the invoice or QR code was invalid.
- While suggesting musicians install Primal as a second Nostr app was a potential fix for the QR code issue, (and I mentioned it to some), the burden of onboarding users onto two separate applications, potentially managing two different wallets, and explaining which one works for specific tasks creates a confusing and frustrating user experience.
- Search Difficulties:
- Finding other users within the Fountain app is challenging. I was unable to find profiles from brand new users by entering their chosen Fountain username.
- To find a new user, I had to resort to visiting their profile on the web (fountain.fm/username) to retrieve their npub. Then, open Primal and follow them. Finally, when searching for their username, since I was now following them, I was able to find their profile.
- This search issue is compounded by the profile syncing problem mentioned earlier, as even if found via other clients, their displayed information is outdated.
- Searching for the event to Boost/Zap inside Fountain was harder than it should have been the first two days as the live stream did not appear at the top of the screen inside the tap. This was resolved on the third day of the event.
Improving the Onboarding Experience
To better support user growth, educators and on-boarders need more feature complete and user-friendly applications. I love our developers and I will always sing their praises from the highest mountain tops, however I also recognize that the current tools present challenges that hinder a smooth onboarding experience.
One potential approach explored was guiding users to use Primal (including its built-in wallet) in conjunction with Wavlake via Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC). While this could facilitate certain functions like music streaming, zaps, and QR code scanning (which require both Primal and Wavlake apps), Wavlake itself has usability issues. These include inconsistent or separate profiles between web and mobile apps, persistent "Login" buttons even when logged in on the mobile app with a Nostr identity, and the minor inconvenience of needing two separate applications. Although NWC setup is relatively easy and helps streamline the process, the need to switch between apps adds complexity, especially when time is limited and we’re aiming to showcase the benefits of this new system.
Ultimately, we need applications that are more feature-complete and intuitive for mainstream users to improve the onboarding experience significantly.
Looking forward to the future
I anticipate that most of these issues will be resolved when these applications address them in the near future. Specifically, this would involve Fountain fixing its profile issues and integrating Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) to allow users to utilize their Primal wallet, or by enabling the scanning of QR codes that pay out to Lightning addresses. Alternatively, if Wavlake resolves the consistency problems mentioned earlier, this would also significantly improve the situation giving us two viable solutions for musicians.
My ideal onboarding event experience would involve having all the previously mentioned issues resolved. Additionally, I would love to see every attendee receive a $5 or $10 voucher to help them start engaging with value-for-value, rather than just the limited number we distributed recently. The goal is to have everyone actively zapping and sending Bitcoin throughout the event. Maybe we can find a large sponsor to facilitate this in the future?
What's particularly exciting is the Launch conference's strong interest in integrating value-for-value across their entire program for all musicians and speakers at their next event in Dallas, Texas, coming later this fall. This presents a significant opportunity to onboard over 100+ musicians to Bitcoin and Nostr, which in turn will help onboard their fans and supporters.
We need significantly more zaps and more zappers! It's unreasonable to expect the same dedicated individuals to continuously support new users; they are being bled dry. A shift is needed towards more people using bitcoin for everyday transactions, treating it as money. This brings me back to my ideal onboarding experience: securing a sponsor to essentially give participants bitcoin funds specifically for zapping and tipping artists. This method serves as a practical lesson in using bitcoin as money and showcases the value-for-value principle from the outset.
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@ ec9bd746:df11a9d0
2025-03-07 20:13:38I was diving into PoW (Proof-of-Work) once again after nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3wamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwdehhxarj9e3xzmny9uqzqj8a67jths8euy33v5yu6me6ngua5v3y3qq3dswuqh2pejmtls6datagmu rekindled my interest with his PoW Draw project. It was a fun little trifle, but it shifted my focus just the right way at the right time.
Because then, on Friday, came the Oval Office Travesty. Once I got over the initial shock, I decided I couldn't just curse and lament; I needed to do something bigger, something symbolic, something expressive. So that's exactly what I did—breaking nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq32amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7tcqyqewrqnkx4zsaweutf739s0cu7et29zrntqs5elw70vlm8zudr3y2t9v7jg's record which he held for almost 2 and half years.
Here is a note with PoW 45, the highest PoW known to Nostr (as of now).
nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpmym6ar92346qc04ml08z6j0yrelylkv9r9ysurhte0g2003r2wsqy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uqsuamnwvaz7tmwdaejumr0dshsqgqqqqqqqqqy8t8awr5c8z4yfp4cr8v7spp8psncv8twlh083flcr582fyu9
How Did I Pull It Off?
In theory, quite simple: Create note, run PoW mining script & wait.
Thanks to PoW Draw, I already had mining software at hand: nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq32amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7tcqyqvqc5tlvn6etv09f0fvuauves49dvgnukjtzsndfv9y8yyrqyxmz7dty6z's notemine_hw, but when you know that there is a 1 in 2^45 chance that the next hash will be the correct one you want to increase the odds a bit. So on Monday evening, I started my Note Mining operation on an old 40 thread machine called Workhorse.
Issues Along the Way
I was immediately surprised that Workhorse (2× Intel Xeon Silver 4114) produced only about 3Mh/s. A laptop (Intel Core i7-1185G7) with Windows and all the bloat did 5Mh/s. That was strange.
Another hurdle was that notemine_hw does not refresh the
created_at
field. With just a few Mh/s of power I was potentially looking at weeks of computation, by then the note would be quite stale. So I created systemd service leveraging theRuntimeMaxSec
option to periodically restart every 3600 seconds assuring that the Note would be max 1 hour old at the time of publishing.Luckily PoW is that kind of problem where every hash attempt is an independent event, so the chance of success is the same whether you do it in small increments or one uninterrupted stretch. So by restarting the mining process I was only losing a few mere seconds every hour due to the overhead.
Once the note staleness issue was resolved, I looked at the 40 workers on Workhorse vs. 7 workers on the laptop and start messing around with running one instance with 40 workers and running 40 instances with 1 worker and found out, that the workers are not bound to a CPU thread and are jumping between the CPUs like rabbits high on Colombian carrots.
The solution? Running multiple instances with one worker each as a service locked to its own CPU core using systemd's
CPUAffinity
option. ``` $aida@workhorse:systemd/system $ sudo cat notemine@.service [Unit] Description=Notemine HW Publish (restarts hourly)[Service] Type=simple CPUAffinity=%i
The command to run:
ExecStart=/home/aida/.cargo/bin/notemine_hw publish --n-workers 1 --difficulty 45 --event-json /home/aida/note.json --relay-url 'wss://wot.shaving.kiwi' --nsec nsec0123456789abcdef
Let the process run for 1 hour (3600 seconds), then systemd will stop it:
RuntimeMaxSec=3600 TimeoutStopSec=1
Tells systemd to restart the service automatically after it stops:
Restart=always RestartSec=1
run as a non-root user:
User=aida Group=aida
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ``` Then I added a starting service to spawn an instance for each CPU thread.
``` $aida@workhorse:systemd/system $ sudo cat notemine_start.service [Unit] Description=Start all services in sequence with 3-second intervals
[Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/bin/zsh /home/aida/notemine_start.sh
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
Here is the startup script (I know, loops exist—but Ctrl+C/Ctrl+V is so old-school):
aida@workhorse:~ $ cat notemine_start.sh /usr/bin/systemctl start notemine@0.service /usr/bin/sleep 3 /usr/bin/systemctl start notemine@1.service /usr/bin/sleep 3 /usr/bin/systemctl start notemine@2.service /usr/bin/sleep 3 /usr/bin/systemctl start notemine@3.service /usr/bin/sleep 3 ... ... ... /usr/bin/systemctl start notemine@38.service`` The sleep there is critical to make sure that the
created_at`timestamps are different, preventing redundant hashing.This adjustment made Workhorse the strongest machine in my fleet with 10+Mh/s.
The Luck Aspect
From Monday evening, I started adding all machines at my disposal into the fleet and by Wednesday evening I was crunching hashes on about 130 CPU threads (a lot of them were quite antique) and at the peak was just little shy of 40Mh/s. To compensate for the slow start with the few above-mentioned hiccups and the fact that I had to use my desktop to do other things from time to time, I counted with the conservative estimate of 30Mh/s when I was doing all the probability calculations.
Based on the type of task that PoW mining is, the outcome is not predictible. You are only looking at what is the chance that the outcome of every single independent event will be consecutively non-favourable and then subtracting it from 1 to get the chance of that single favourable event you want. I really had to brush up on my combinatorics and discrete mathematics to make sure I have at least an elementary understanding of what is going on. Also, because we are not just throwing a dice 5 times, but are operating with big numbers, approximation was necessary. Luckily, the formula is available and quite simple in the end.
Two weeks to exhauste all the possible tries still doesn't guarantee anything, actually there is a slighlty less than 2 in 3 chance that you will have a result after all that time. So the fact that I was able to hit the right hash in less than 3 days was good luck. Not insane lottery winning luck, but good luck; slighlty lower than 1 in 5.
Do you want to beat me?
Go ahead! All the pitfalls are described above and until there is a GPU-based PoW Mining available, we are all on pretty even ground.
Do you hate the note?
In that case, feel free to enjoy this accompanying image:
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@ f839fb67:5c930939
2023-10-19 14:28:30Chapter 5: Echoes of the Past
Life for Peter and Gwen took on a sense of normalcy as they resumed their civilian identities, working and studying. However, Gwen's reappearance raised questions, drawing the attention of friends and foes alike. Some welcomed her with open arms, while others remained skeptical of her true origins.
One evening, as Peter and Gwen strolled through Central Park, they were approached by an old friend, Mary Jane Watson. Her warmth masked a deep-seated concern about Gwen's return, but she chose not to reveal it for the sake of her friend's happiness.
Chapter 6: A Sinister Resurgence
The tranquility in their lives was short-lived when the criminal mastermind, Norman Osborn, better known as the Green Goblin, resurfaced in the city. Osborn had been thought dead for years, but he returned with a vengeance, orchestrating a wave of chaos and destruction.
The renewed threat of the Green Goblin pushed Peter and Gwen to their limits. Gwen, driven by a desire to protect her newfound home, donned her own costume once more, taking up the mantle of Spider-Woman.
Chapter 7: Partners in Peril
Peter and Gwen's relationship faced its greatest test yet as they fought the Green Goblin together. The emotional strain of battling a personal enemy combined with Gwen's struggles to adapt to her role as Spider-Woman put immense pressure on their love.
Despite the trials, the couple's bond grew stronger, and their teamwork improved. With Mary Jane's support, Gwen and Peter managed to expose Norman Osborn's criminal activities, leading to his eventual arrest.
Chapter 8: An Unexpected Alliance
A new threat emerged, one that neither Spider-Man nor Spider-Woman could defeat alone. A powerful crime syndicate, led by the enigmatic "Black Cobra," threatened to engulf the city in a reign of terror. Realizing the scope of the danger, Peter and Gwen sought help from other superheroes in the Marvel Universe.
Spider-Man and Spider-Woman formed an alliance with heroes such as Daredevil, Jessica Jones, and Luke Cage. Together, they launched an assault on the Black Cobra's operations. The battle was fierce, and the heroes found themselves tested in ways they had never anticipated.
Chapter 9: Confronting the Past
As the battle raged on, a shocking revelation came to light: the Black Cobra was an identity adopted by none other than Gwen's own father, George Stacy, who had been presumed dead for years. He explained that he had faked his death to infiltrate the criminal organization and dismantle it from within.
Gwen was torn between her duty as Spider-Woman and her love for her father. Ultimately, they reconciled and, together with the other heroes, they managed to expose the true mastermind behind the crime syndicate, sending the criminals to prison and freeing George from his double life.
Chapter 10: A Future Together
With the city safe once more, Peter and Gwen could finally focus on their personal lives. Gwen chose to embrace her role as Spider-Woman and continue to fight alongside Peter as a partner in both life and crime-fighting.
Their journey had been one of triumphs and tribulations, but through it all, their love had endured. As Spider-Man and Spider-Woman, they swung through the city, ready to face whatever challenges lay ahead, knowing that together, they could overcome anything that threatened their world.
The echoes of the past had brought them together, and now, they looked forward to a future filled with adventure, love, and the unwavering commitment to being New York City's protectors.
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@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de
2025-01-29 05:55:02The land that belongs to the indigenous peoples of Russia has been seized by a gang of killers who have unleashed a war of extermination. They wipe out anyone who refuses to conform to their rules. Those who disagree and stay behind are tortured and killed in prisons and labor camps. Those who flee lose their homeland, dissolve into foreign cultures, and fade away. And those who stand up to protect their people are attacked by the misled and deceived. The deceived die for the unchecked greed of a single dictator—thousands from both sides, people who just wanted to live, raise their kids, and build a future.
Now, they are forced to make an impossible choice: abandon their homeland or die. Some perish on the battlefield, others lose themselves in exile, stripped of their identity, scattered in a world that isn’t theirs.
There’s been endless debate about how to fix this, how to clear the field of the weeds that choke out every new sprout, every attempt at change. But the real problem? We can’t play by their rules. We can’t speak their language or use their weapons. We stand for humanity, and no matter how righteous our cause, we will not multiply suffering. Victory doesn’t come from matching the enemy—it comes from staying ahead, from using tools they haven’t mastered yet. That’s how wars are won.
Our only resource is the will of the people to rewrite the order of things. Historian Timothy Snyder once said that a nation cannot exist without a city. A city is where the most active part of a nation thrives. But the cities are occupied. The streets are watched. Gatherings are impossible. They control the money. They control the mail. They control the media. And any dissent is crushed before it can take root.
So I started asking myself: How do we stop this fragmentation? How do we create a space where people can rebuild their connections when they’re ready? How do we build a self-sustaining network, where everyone contributes and benefits proportionally, while keeping their freedom to leave intact? And more importantly—how do we make it spread, even in occupied territory?
In 2009, something historic happened: the internet got its own money. Thanks to Satoshi Nakamoto, the world took a massive leap forward. Bitcoin and decentralized ledgers shattered the idea that money must be controlled by the state. Now, to move or store value, all you need is an address and a key. A tiny string of text, easy to carry, impossible to seize.
That was the year money broke free. The state lost its grip. Its biggest weapon—physical currency—became irrelevant. Money became purely digital.
The internet was already a sanctuary for information, a place where people could connect and organize. But with Bitcoin, it evolved. Now, value itself could flow freely, beyond the reach of authorities.
Think about it: when seedlings are grown in controlled environments before being planted outside, they get stronger, survive longer, and bear fruit faster. That’s how we handle crops in harsh climates—nurture them until they’re ready for the wild.
Now, picture the internet as that controlled environment for ideas. Bitcoin? It’s the fertile soil that lets them grow. A testing ground for new models of interaction, where concepts can take root before they move into the real world. If nation-states are a battlefield, locked in a brutal war for territory, the internet is boundless. It can absorb any number of ideas, any number of people, and it doesn’t run out of space.
But for this ecosystem to thrive, people need safe ways to communicate, to share ideas, to build something real—without surveillance, without censorship, without the constant fear of being erased.
This is where Nostr comes in.
Nostr—"Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays"—is more than just a messaging protocol. It’s a new kind of city. One that no dictator can seize, no corporation can own, no government can shut down.
It’s built on decentralization, encryption, and individual control. Messages don’t pass through central servers—they are relayed through independent nodes, and users choose which ones to trust. There’s no master switch to shut it all down. Every person owns their identity, their data, their connections. And no one—no state, no tech giant, no algorithm—can silence them.
In a world where cities fall and governments fail, Nostr is a city that cannot be occupied. A place for ideas, for networks, for freedom. A city that grows stronger the more people build within it.
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@ f9cf4e94:96abc355
2025-01-18 06:09:50Para esse exemplo iremos usar: | Nome | Imagem | Descrição | | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | Raspberry PI B+ |
| Cortex-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit a 1.4GHz e 1 GB de SDRAM LPDDR2, | | Pen drive |
| 16Gb |
Recomendo que use o Ubuntu Server para essa instalação. Você pode baixar o Ubuntu para Raspberry Pi aqui. O passo a passo para a instalação do Ubuntu no Raspberry Pi está disponível aqui. Não instale um desktop (como xubuntu, lubuntu, xfce, etc.).
Passo 1: Atualizar o Sistema 🖥️
Primeiro, atualize seu sistema e instale o Tor:
bash apt update apt install tor
Passo 2: Criar o Arquivo de Serviço
nrs.service
🔧Crie o arquivo de serviço que vai gerenciar o servidor Nostr. Você pode fazer isso com o seguinte conteúdo:
```unit [Unit] Description=Nostr Relay Server Service After=network.target
[Service] Type=simple WorkingDirectory=/opt/nrs ExecStart=/opt/nrs/nrs-arm64 Restart=on-failure
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```
Passo 3: Baixar o Binário do Nostr 🚀
Baixe o binário mais recente do Nostr aqui no GitHub.
Passo 4: Criar as Pastas Necessárias 📂
Agora, crie as pastas para o aplicativo e o pendrive:
bash mkdir -p /opt/nrs /mnt/edriver
Passo 5: Listar os Dispositivos Conectados 🔌
Para saber qual dispositivo você vai usar, liste todos os dispositivos conectados:
bash lsblk
Passo 6: Formatando o Pendrive 💾
Escolha o pendrive correto (por exemplo,
/dev/sda
) e formate-o:bash mkfs.vfat /dev/sda
Passo 7: Montar o Pendrive 💻
Monte o pendrive na pasta
/mnt/edriver
:bash mount /dev/sda /mnt/edriver
Passo 8: Verificar UUID dos Dispositivos 📋
Para garantir que o sistema monte o pendrive automaticamente, liste os UUID dos dispositivos conectados:
bash blkid
Passo 9: Alterar o
fstab
para Montar o Pendrive Automáticamente 📝Abra o arquivo
/etc/fstab
e adicione uma linha para o pendrive, com o UUID que você obteve no passo anterior. A linha deve ficar assim:fstab UUID=9c9008f8-f852 /mnt/edriver vfat defaults 0 0
Passo 10: Copiar o Binário para a Pasta Correta 📥
Agora, copie o binário baixado para a pasta
/opt/nrs
:bash cp nrs-arm64 /opt/nrs
Passo 11: Criar o Arquivo de Configuração 🛠️
Crie o arquivo de configuração com o seguinte conteúdo e salve-o em
/opt/nrs/config.yaml
:yaml app_env: production info: name: Nostr Relay Server description: Nostr Relay Server pub_key: "" contact: "" url: http://localhost:3334 icon: https://external-content.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u= https://public.bnbstatic.com/image/cms/crawler/COINCU_NEWS/image-495-1024x569.png base_path: /mnt/edriver negentropy: true
Passo 12: Copiar o Serviço para o Diretório de Systemd ⚙️
Agora, copie o arquivo
nrs.service
para o diretório/etc/systemd/system/
:bash cp nrs.service /etc/systemd/system/
Recarregue os serviços e inicie o serviço
nrs
:bash systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable --now nrs.service
Passo 13: Configurar o Tor 🌐
Abra o arquivo de configuração do Tor
/var/lib/tor/torrc
e adicione a seguinte linha:torrc HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/nostr_server/ HiddenServicePort 80 127.0.0.1:3334
Passo 14: Habilitar e Iniciar o Tor 🧅
Agora, ative e inicie o serviço Tor:
bash systemctl enable --now tor.service
O Tor irá gerar um endereço
.onion
para o seu servidor Nostr. Você pode encontrá-lo no arquivo/var/lib/tor/nostr_server/hostname
.
Observações ⚠️
- Com essa configuração, os dados serão salvos no pendrive, enquanto o binário ficará no cartão SD do Raspberry Pi.
- O endereço
.onion
do seu servidor Nostr será algo como:ws://y3t5t5wgwjif<exemplo>h42zy7ih6iwbyd.onion
.
Agora, seu servidor Nostr deve estar configurado e funcionando com Tor! 🥳
Se este artigo e as informações aqui contidas forem úteis para você, convidamos a considerar uma doação ao autor como forma de reconhecimento e incentivo à produção de novos conteúdos.
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@ 266815e0:6cd408a5
2025-05-02 22:24:59Its been six long months of refactoring code and building out to the applesauce packages but the app is stable enough for another release.
This update is pretty much a full rewrite of the non-visible parts of the app. all the background services were either moved out to the applesauce packages or rewritten, the result is that noStrudel is a little faster and much more consistent with connections and publishing.
New layout
The app has a new layout now, it takes advantage of the full desktop screen and looks a little better than it did before.
Removed NIP-72 communities
The NIP-72 communities are no longer part of the app, if you want to continue using them there are still a few apps that support them ( like satellite.earth ) but noStrudel won't support them going forward.
The communities where interesting but ultimately proved too have some fundamental flaws, most notably that all posts had to be approved by a moderator. There were some good ideas on how to improve it but they would have only been patches and wouldn't have fixed the underlying issues.
I wont promise to build it into noStrudel, but NIP-29 (relay based groups) look a lot more promising and already have better moderation abilities then NIP-72 communities could ever have.
Settings view
There is now a dedicated settings view, so no more hunting around for where the relays are set or trying to find how to add another account. its all in one place now
Cleaned up lists
The list views are a little cleaner now, and they have a simple edit modal
New emoji picker
Just another small improvement that makes the app feel more complete.
Experimental Wallet
There is a new "wallet" view in the app that lets you manage your NIP-60 cashu wallet. its very experimental and probably won't work for you, but its there and I hope to finish it up so the app can support NIP-61 nutzaps.
WARNING: Don't feed the wallet your hard earned sats, it will eat them!
Smaller improvements
- Added NSFW flag for replies
- Updated NIP-48 bunker login to work with new spec
- Linkfy BIPs
- Added 404 page
- Add NIP-22 comments under badges, files, and articles
- Add max height to timeline notes
- Fix articles view freezing on load
- Add option to mirror blobs when sharing notes
- Remove "open in drawer" for notes
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@ fa315e8d:e3a09cf4
2023-04-01 05:24:51Hello World
This is a test of my nostr application.
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@ 088436cd:9d2646cc
2025-05-01 21:01:55The arrival of the coronavirus brought not only illness and death but also fear and panic. In such an environment of uncertainty, people have naturally stocked up on necessities, not knowing when things will return to normal.
Retail shelves have been cleared out, and even online suppliers like Amazon and Walmart are out of stock for some items. Independent sellers on these e-commerce platforms have had to fill the gap. With the huge increase in demand, they have found that their inventory has skyrocketed in value.
Many in need of these items (e.g. toilet paper, hand sanitizer and masks) balk at the new prices. They feel they are being taken advantage of in a time of need and call for intervention by the government to lower prices. The government has heeded that call, labeling the independent sellers as "price gougers" and threatening sanctions if they don't lower their prices. Amazon has suspended seller accounts and law enforcement at all levels have threatened to prosecute. Prices have dropped as a result and at first glance this seems like a victory for fair play. But, we will have to dig deeper to understand the unseen consequences of this intervention.
We must look at the economics of the situation, how supply and demand result in a price and how that price acts as a signal that goes out to everyone, informing them of underlying conditions in the economy and helping coordinate their actions.
It all started with a rise in demand. Given a fixed supply (e.g., the limited stock on shelves and in warehouses), an increase in demand inevitably leads to higher prices. Most people are familiar with this phenomenon, such as paying more for airline tickets during holidays or surge pricing for rides.
Higher prices discourage less critical uses of scarce resources. For example, you might not pay $1,000 for a plane ticket to visit your aunt if you can get one for $100 the following week, but someone else might pay that price to visit a dying relative. They value that plane seat more than you.
*** During the crisis, demand surged and their shelves emptied even though
However, retail outlets have not raised prices. They have kept them low, so the low-value uses of things like toilet paper, masks and hand sanitizer has continued. Often, this "use" just takes the form of hoarding. At everyday low prices, it makes sense to buy hundreds of rolls and bottles. You know you will use them eventually, so why not stock up? And, with all those extra supplies in the closet and basement, you don't need to change your behavior much. You don't have to ration your use.
At the low prices, these scarce resources got bought up faster and faster until there was simply none left. The reality of the situation became painfully clear to those who didn't panic and got to the store late: You have no toilet paper and you're not going to any time soon.
However, if prices had been allowed to rise, a number of effects would have taken place that would have coordinated the behavior of everyone so that valuable resources would not have been wasted or hoarded, and everyone could have had access to what they needed.
On the demand side, if prices had been allowed to rise, people would have begun to self-ration. You might leave those extra plies on the roll next time if you know they will cost ten times as much to replace. Or, you might choose to clean up a spill with a rag rather than disposable tissue. Most importantly, you won't hoard as much. That 50th bottle of hand sanitizer might just not be worth it at the new, high price. You'll leave it on the shelf for someone else who may have none.
On the supply side, higher prices would have incentivized people to offer up more of their stockpiles for sale. If you have a pallet full of toilet paper in your basement and all of the sudden they are worth $15 per roll, you might just list a few online. But, if it is illegal to do so, you probably won't.
Imagine you run a business installing insulation and have a few thousand respirator masks on hand for your employees. During a pandemic, it is much more important that people breathe filtered air than that insulation get installed, and that fact is reflected in higher prices. You will sell your extra masks at the higher price rather than store them for future insulation jobs, and the scarce resource will be put to its most important use.
Producers of hand sanitizer would go into overdrive if prices were allowed to rise. They would pay their employees overtime, hire new ones, and pay a premium for their supplies, making sure their raw materials don't go to less important uses.
These kinds of coordinated actions all across the economy would be impossible without real prices to guide them. How do you know if it makes sense to spend an extra $10k bringing a thousand masks to market unless you know you can get more than $10 per mask? If the price is kept artificially low, you simply can't do it. The money just isn't there.
These are the immediate effects of a price change, but incredibly, price changes also coordinate people's actions across space and time.
Across space, there are different supply and demand conditions in different places, and thus prices are not uniform. We know some places are real "hot spots" for the virus, while others are mostly unaffected. High demand in the hot spots leads to higher prices there, which attracts more of the resource to those areas. Boxes and boxes of essential items would pour in where they are needed most from where they are needed least, but only if prices were allowed to adjust freely.
This would be accomplished by individuals and businesses buying low in the unaffected areas, selling high in the hot spots and subtracting their labor and transportation costs from the difference. Producers of new supply would know exactly where it is most needed and ship to the high-demand, high-price areas first. The effect of these actions is to increase prices in the low demand areas and reduce them in the high demand areas. People in the low demand areas will start to self-ration more, reflecting the reality of their neighbors, and people in the hotspots will get some relief.
However, by artificially suppressing prices in the hot spot, people there will simply buy up the available supply and run out, and it will be cost prohibitive to bring in new supply from low-demand areas.
Prices coordinate economic actions across time as well. Just as entrepreneurs and businesses can profit by transporting scarce necessities from low-demand to high-demand areas, they can also profit by buying in low-demand times and storing their merchandise for when it is needed most.
Just as allowing prices to freely adjust in one area relative to another will send all the right signals for the optimal use of a scarce resource, allowing prices to freely adjust over time will do the same.
When an entrepreneur buys up resources during low-demand times in anticipation of a crisis, she restricts supply ahead of the crisis, which leads to a price increase. She effectively bids up the price. The change in price affects consumers and producers in all the ways mentioned above. Consumers self-ration more, and producers bring more of the resource to market.
Our entrepreneur has done a truly incredible thing. She has predicted the future, and by so doing has caused every individual in the economy to prepare for a shortage they don't even know is coming! And, by discouraging consumption and encouraging production ahead of time, she blunts the impact the crisis will have. There will be more of the resource to go around when it is needed most.
On top of this, our entrepreneur still has her stockpile she saved back when everyone else was blithely using it up. She can now further mitigate the damage of the crisis by selling her stock during the worst of it, when people are most desperate for relief. She will know when this is because the price will tell her, but only if it is allowed to adjust freely. When the price is at its highest is when people need the resource the most, and those willing to pay will not waste it or hoard it. They will put it to its highest valued use.
The economy is like a big bus we are all riding in, going down a road with many twists and turns. Just as it is difficult to see into the future, it is difficult to see out the bus windows at the road ahead.
On the dashboard, we don't have a speedometer or fuel gauge. Instead we have all the prices for everything in the economy. Prices are what tell us the condition of the bus and the road. They tell us everything. Without them, we are blind.
Good times are a smooth road. Consumer prices and interest rates are low, investment returns are steady. We hit the gas and go fast. But, the road is not always straight and smooth. Sometimes there are sharp turns and rough patches. Successful entrepreneurs are the ones who can see what is coming better than everyone else. They are our navigators.
When they buy up scarce resources ahead of a crisis, they are hitting the brakes and slowing us down. When they divert resources from one area to another, they are steering us onto a smoother path. By their actions in the market, they adjust the prices on our dashboard to reflect the conditions of the road ahead, so we can prepare for, navigate and get through the inevitable difficulties we will face.
Interfering with the dashboard by imposing price floors or price caps doesn't change the conditions of the road (the number of toilet paper rolls in existence hasn't changed). All it does is distort our perception of those conditions. We think the road is still smooth--our heavy foot stomping the gas--as we crash onto a rocky dirt road at 80 miles per hour (empty shelves at the store for weeks on end).
Supply, demand and prices are laws of nature. All of this is just how things work. It isn't right or wrong in a moral sense. Price caps lead to waste, shortages and hoarding as surely as water flows downhill. The opposite--allowing prices to adjust freely--leads to conservation of scarce resources and their being put to their highest valued use. And yes, it leads to profits for the entrepreneurs who were able to correctly predict future conditions, and losses for those who weren't.
Is it fair that they should collect these profits? On the one hand, anyone could have stocked up on toilet paper, hand sanitizer and face masks at any time before the crisis, so we all had a fair chance to get the supplies cheaply. On the other hand, it just feels wrong that some should profit so much at a time when there is so much need.
Our instinct in the moment is to see the entrepreneur as a villain, greedy "price gouger". But we don't see the long chain of economic consequences the led to the situation we feel is unfair.
If it weren't for anti-price-gouging laws, the major retailers would have raised their prices long before the crisis became acute. When they saw demand outstrip supply, they would have raised prices, not by 100 fold, but gradually and long before anyone knew how serious things would have become. Late comers would have had to pay more, but at least there would be something left on the shelf.
As an entrepreneur, why take risks trying to anticipate the future if you can't reap the reward when you are right? Instead of letting instead of letting entrepreneurs--our navigators--guide us, we are punishing and vilifying them, trying to force prices to reflect a reality that simply doesn't exist.
In a crisis, more than any other time, prices must be allowed to fluctuate. To do otherwise is to blind ourselves at a time when danger and uncertainty abound. It is economic suicide.
In a crisis, there is great need, and the way to meet that need is not by pretending it's not there, by forcing prices to reflect a world where there isn't need. They way to meet the need is the same it has always been, through charity.
If the people in government want to help, the best way for the to do so is to be charitable and reduce their taxes and fees as much as possible, ideally to zero in a time of crisis. Amazon, for example, could instantly reduce the price of all crisis related necessities by 20% if they waived their fee. This would allow for more uses by more people of these scarce supplies as hoarders release their stockpiles on to the market, knowing they can get 20% more for their stock. Governments could reduce or eliminate their tax burden on high-demand, crisis-related items and all the factors that go into their production, with the same effect: a reduction in prices and expansion of supply. All of us, including the successful entrepreneurs and the wealthy for whom high prices are not a great burden, could donate to relief efforts.
These ideas are not new or untested. This is core micro economics. It has been taught for hundreds of years in universities the world over. The fact that every crisis that comes along stirs up ire against entrepreneurs indicates not that the economics is wrong, but that we have a strong visceral reaction against what we perceive to be unfairness. This is as it should be. Unfairness is wrong and the anger it stirs in us should compel us to right the wrong. Our anger itself isn't wrong, it's just misplaced.
Entrepreneurs didn't cause the prices to rise. Our reaction to a virus did that. We saw a serious threat and an uncertain future and followed our natural impulse to hoard. Because prices at major retail suppliers didn't rise, that impulse ran rampant and we cleared the shelves until there was nothing left. We ran the bus right off the road and them blamed the entrepreneurs for showing us the reality of our situation, for shaking us out of the fantasy of low prices.
All of this is not to say that entrepreneurs are high-minded public servants. They are just doing their job. Staking your money on an uncertain future is a risky business. There are big risks and big rewards. Most entrepreneurs just scrape by or lose their capital in failed ventures.
However, the ones that get it right must be allowed to keep their profits, or else no one will try and we'll all be driving blind. We need our navigators. It doesn't even matter if they know all the positive effects they are having on the rest of us and the economy as a whole. So long as they are buying low and selling high--so long as they are doing their job--they will be guiding the rest of us through the good times and the bad, down the open road and through the rough spots.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:45:52Finale: once the industry-standard of music notation software, now a cautionary tale. In this video, I explore how it slowly lost its crown through decades of missed opportunities - eventually leading to creative collapse due to various bureaucratic intrigues, unforeseen technological changes and some of the jankiest UI/UX you've ever seen.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yqaon6YHzaU
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976219
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:34:46
For generations before generative text, writers have used the em dash to hop between thoughts, emotions, and ideas. Dickens shaped his morality tales with it, Woolf’s stream-of-consciousness flowed through it, Kerouac let it drive his jazz-like prose. Today, Sally Rooney threads it through her quiet truths of the heart.
But this beloved punctuation mark has become a casualty of the algorithmic age. The em dash has been so widely adopted by AI-generated text that even when used by human hands, it begs the question: was this actually written or apathetically prompted?
The battle for the soul of writing is in full swing. And the human fightback starts here. With a new punctuation mark that serves as a symbol of real pondering, genuine daydreaming, and true editorial wordsmithery. Inspired by Descartes’ belief that thinking makes us human, the am dash is a small but powerful testament that the words you’ve painstakingly and poetically pulled together are unequivocally, certifiably, and delightfully your own.
Let's reclain writig from AI—oneam dash at time.
Download the fonts:
— Aereal https://bit.ly/3EO6fo8 — Times New Human https://bit.ly/4jQTcRS
Learn more about the am dash
https://www.theamdash.com
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976218
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@ 7b3f7803:8912e968
2025-04-18 00:16:02As we enter Holy Week, we are confronted with a world steeped in sin, strife, conflict, and mortality. There exists a peculiar fascination among some with societal decline, as if they derive satisfaction from witnessing civilization’s unraveling. This attraction to darkness may reflect their inner turmoil, a desire to see others share in their suffering. Alternatively, it could stem from a profound hopelessness, a belief that life lacks purpose, leading them to wish for its end. The allure of dystopian futures is, indeed, a curious phenomenon.
Alexander Hamilton once yearned for war as a means to elevate his status, a reflection of youthful ambition for decisive action. Such a desire—to distinguish oneself and ascend the social hierarchy—underlies some of the grim visions of the future propagated by certain ideological circles. Their aim is not war itself but a reconfiguration of power, placing authority in the hands of those who affirm their values. For years, such individuals have held sway, yet their influence appears to be waning.
In the absence of hope, many embrace visions of decline. This despair is characteristic of a faltering empire, signaling the end of an era. The younger generation, burdened by weariness, falters under the weight of their circumstances. They lack hope for a brighter future and see no clear path out of life’s monotony. In a word, they are trapped, uncertain of how to proceed.
We witnessed a similar sentiment during the Arab Spring, where upheaval was celebrated as a longed-for revolution, a societal reset. The assassination of a prominent corporate executive, such as the CEO of United Health, evokes a comparable yearning for disruption. There is a desire for a cultural transformation, though its precise nature remains elusive.
Yet, the youth find themselves dominated by the very elites whose rhetoric they echo. Unlike the 1960s, when generational values clashed overtly, today’s power structures co-opt the language of the young, redirecting their frustration toward populist movements. This inversion is a cunning strategy, mitigating the potential for significant rebellion.
The reality remains that the older generation holds the wealth, power, and authority, while the young are consistently marginalized. They are the ones left with little hope, ensnared by the system. However, a quiet rebellion is emerging—one rooted in hope and faith. Many are beginning to see through the falsehoods propagated by those in power. The promises of governmental provision, once alluring, now appear untenable in light of fiscal realities. The youth seek a new source of hope, a renewed perspective. Thankfully, they are beginning to find it, turning toward faith as a foundation for a more optimistic future.
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@ 0a63d301:b1fb5602
2023-08-14 03:14:00Introduction
In the ever-evolving landscape of modern society, the interaction between humanity and technology has grown increasingly complex. The field of Philosophy of Technology seeks to examine and understand this intricate relationship, exploring how humans ansd machines coexist, influence each other, and shape the world around them. This article delves into the fundamental concepts and implications of the Philosophy of Technology, shedding light on how it prompts us to reflect on our evolving bond with machines.
Understanding Philosophy of Technology
Philosophy of Technology is a branch of philoasophy that delves into the nature, significance, and impact of technology on human existence. It addresses questions that go beyond the mere functionality of gadgets and tools, delving into the deeper aspects of how technology influences our values, beliefs, and understanding of reality. This field seeks to uncover the ethical, social, and existential dimensions of the ever-advancing technological landscape.
The Human-Machine Nexus
At the heart of the Philosophy of Technology lies the exploration of the human-machine nexus. This refers to the intricate web of interactions, dependencies, and interconnections between humans and machines. Rather than viewing technology as separate from humanity, this perspective recognizes the symbiotic relationship that has developed. Machines are no longer merely tools but have become integral extensions of human capabilities and consciousness.
Technological Determinism vs. Human Agency
One of the central debates within the Philosophy of Technology is the tension between technological determinism and human agency. Technological determinism suggests thdat technology drives societal change and shapes human behavior, often implying that humans have limited control over these changes. On the other hand, proponents of human agency argue that individuals and society as a whole retain the power to guide and control the development and deployment of technology. Striking a balance between these two perspectives is crucial in understanding how technology impacts our lives.
Ethical Considerations
The rapid advancement of technology has brought about a myriad of ethical dilemmas. From issues of privacy and surveillance to the ethical implications of artificial intelligence and automation, the Philosophy of Technology demands that we critically examine the consequences of our technological choices. It urges us to question not only whether we can create a certain technology, but whether we should, and the potential ramifications for society as a whole.
Existential Reflections
As machines become more integrated into our lives, the Philosophy of Technology encourages us to contemplate our own existence. Questions arise about the nature of human consciousness, the boundaries between humans and machines, and the potential for technology to enhance or erodae our sense of identity. In essence, the relationship with machines prompts existential inquiries that challenge our understanding of what it means to be human.
Conclusion
The Philosophy of Technology serves as a compass for navigating sthe intricate terrain of human-technology interactions. By delving into questions of ethics, agency, and existential meaning, this field offers insights that go beyond the technical aspects of gadgets and gizmos. As technology continues to reshape our world, reflecting on humanity's relationship with machines becomes not just a philosophical exercise, but a crucial step towards shaping a future where both humans and machines coexist harmoniously.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-10 05:11:27Consider the following two charts from A History of Clojure which detail the introduction and retention of new code by release for both Clojure and for Scala.
While this doesn't necessarily translate to library stability, it's reasonable to assume that the attitude of the Clojure maintainers will seep into the community. And that assumption is true.
Consider a typical Javascript program. What is it comprised of? Objects, objects, and more objects. Members of those objects must be either introspected or divined. Worse, it's normal to monkeypatch those objects, so the object members may (or may not) change over time.
Now, consider a typical Clojure program. What is it comprised of? Namespaces. Those namespaces contain functions and data. Functions may be dynamically generated (via macros), but it is extremely rare to "monkeypatch" a namespace. If you want to know what functions are available in a namespace, you can simply read the source file.
Continue reading https://potetm.com/devtalk/stability-by-design.html
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/976215
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@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9
2025-03-26 20:54:33Capitalism is the most effective system for scaling innovation. The pursuit of profit is an incredibly powerful human incentive. Most major improvements to human society and quality of life have resulted from this base incentive. Market competition often results in the best outcomes for all.
That said, some projects can never be monetized. They are open in nature and a business model would centralize control. Open protocols like bitcoin and nostr are not owned by anyone and if they were it would destroy the key value propositions they provide. No single entity can or should control their use. Anyone can build on them without permission.
As a result, open protocols must depend on donation based grant funding from the people and organizations that rely on them. This model works but it is slow and uncertain, a grind where sustainability is never fully reached but rather constantly sought. As someone who has been incredibly active in the open source grant funding space, I do not think people truly appreciate how difficult it is to raise charitable money and deploy it efficiently.
Projects that can be monetized should be. Profitability is a super power. When a business can generate revenue, it taps into a self sustaining cycle. Profit fuels growth and development while providing projects independence and agency. This flywheel effect is why companies like Google, Amazon, and Apple have scaled to global dominance. The profit incentive aligns human effort with efficiency. Businesses must innovate, cut waste, and deliver value to survive.
Contrast this with non monetized projects. Without profit, they lean on external support, which can dry up or shift with donor priorities. A profit driven model, on the other hand, is inherently leaner and more adaptable. It is not charity but survival. When survival is tied to delivering what people want, scale follows naturally.
The real magic happens when profitable, sustainable businesses are built on top of open protocols and software. Consider the many startups building on open source software stacks, such as Start9, Mempool, and Primal, offering premium services on top of the open source software they build out and maintain. Think of companies like Block or Strike, which leverage bitcoin’s open protocol to offer their services on top. These businesses amplify the open software and protocols they build on, driving adoption and improvement at a pace donations alone could never match.
When you combine open software and protocols with profit driven business the result are lean, sustainable companies that grow faster and serve more people than either could alone. Bitcoin’s network, for instance, benefits from businesses that profit off its existence, while nostr will expand as developers monetize apps built on the protocol.
Capitalism scales best because competition results in efficiency. Donation funded protocols and software lay the groundwork, while market driven businesses build on top. The profit incentive acts as a filter, ensuring resources flow to what works, while open systems keep the playing field accessible, empowering users and builders. Together, they create a flywheel of innovation, growth, and global benefit.
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@ 0a425f12:c4dc49ff
2025-05-11 12:14:09Planting new sod sounds simple. Lay it down, water it, done. Nah. That’s just half the story. Mess up the basics, and your lawn turns patchy or yellow within days. Below are some key mistakes folks make – most don’t even realise it till the grass starts dying. Avoid these, or all that Bermuda grass, Zoysia, or St. Augustine sod you paid for? Wasted.
Not Watering Enough (Or Too Much)
Watering is weirdly tricky. Some think you flood it, some sprinkle it once and call it good. Both? Wrong.
New sod needs moisture constantly for the first few weeks. Not just surface wet, but soaked down to where roots gonna grow. If it dries out, even a day or two, them roots shrink back. That leads to shrinkage gaps, brown edges, even whole squares drying up.
Now the flip side? Overwatering. It ain’t about turning your lawn into a swamp. Too much water drowns roots, they rot, and fungus loves soggy grass. Mushrooms pop up, blades turn pale. And once fungus spreads, getting it out’s a pain. Set a timer. Early morning’s best. Avoid watering at night unless you wanna feed mold.
Also, different sod types need different water levels. Zoysia sod ain’t thirsty like St. Augustine. Use your hand – if it feels squishy, back off. If dry and crumbly, bump it up.
Installing Sod On Bad Soil
Throwing new sod on junk dirt is asking for trouble. Sod’s just skin. If the body (soil) under it’s trash, it won’t stick.
First off, you gotta check the soil pH. Anything too acidic or way too alkaline? Sod roots won’t even grow. You can get soil test kits at garden stores or online, pretty cheap. If the pH ain’t right, use lime or sulfur depending what side you need to fix.
Second, compacted soil is death for sod. If the ground’s hard like a sidewalk, roots can’t go down. You need to aerate or till the soil before laying sod. Mix in some compost or sand depending on drainage needs. Make it loose but not fluffy.
Last part? Level the area. Don’t leave holes or slopes. Uneven spots collect water, or the sod don’t touch dirt properly. When air pockets form under the sod, roots dry out fast.
Skipping Starter Fertilizer
You ever tried starting a car with no fuel? That’s your sod without a starter fertilizer. It’s gotta eat.
New sod needs phosphorus-heavy fertilizer to encourage root growth. Problem is, most people either skip it, or throw on the wrong one. A high-nitrogen fertilizer will just make it look green for a week, but the roots? Weak and lazy.
Use something like 10-10-10 or 15-15-15 starter blends. Look for one that’s labeled for new sod or turf establishment. Apply it right before or during laying the sod. Water it in so it doesn’t just sit there on top.
Also, don’t keep feeding every few days thinking more is better. Too much burns the grass. After first application, wait at least 3–4 weeks before reapplying anything. Stick to what the sod variety needs – Bermuda feeds different than Fescue.
If you’re in Texas or southern regions, the soil’s usually nutrient-poor, especially in clay zones. Don’t ignore that. Local extension offices often got free guides for your area.
Mowing Too Soon (or Way Too Late)
Mowing sounds harmless. Grass too tall? Cut it. Simple, right? Not really.
Cut too early? You slice off the tops before roots even grab the soil. That’ll rip the sod clean out. Like tearing bandages off fresh scabs. Usually, wait 10–14 days after laying sod before mowing. Always check if the sod’s rooted. Tug on a corner. If it lifts? Wait.
Other side of the coin – waiting forever. If your new sod grows tall and thick, it blocks sunlight from reaching the base. That leads to thinning, disease, even weeds moving in. Keep it under control.
Big tip – never cut more than one-third of the grass height in one mow. It shocks the sod, stunts growth. And dull mower blades? Slice and tear instead of clean cuts. That opens wounds for pests and fungal infections.
If it’s St. Augustine grass, you’ll mow it higher – around 3.5 inches. Zoysia or Bermuda grass? Lower, closer to 1.5 or 2 inches. Know your grass type or risk killing it one mow at a time.
Not Rolling the Sod After Install
This one? Almost always skipped. And it kills your sod quietly.
When sod’s not rolled, air gaps stay between the grass and dirt. You won’t see it, but the roots? They ain't touching soil good. No contact = no growth. That’s how sod turns yellow even when you watering perfect.
A lawn roller, filled with water, presses sod down evenly. It pushes the roots into soil and gets rid of air pockets. Do it once right after laying sod. If you miss this step, that nice new lawn can turn patchy in under a week.
Don’t worry about crushing it – the roller’s weight is perfect. You ain't smashing it like concrete. Just a good firm press. If you don't have a roller? Rent one from local garden centers, or even Home Depot. Cheap insurance for hundreds of bucks worth of new sod.
Another problem from not rolling: uneven lawn. It looks bumpy, grows uneven, and mowing becomes a chore. Roller fixes that early. Less headache later.
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@ b2caa9b3:9eab0fb5
2024-07-02 13:20:06Recently, I shared some of my memories from Odessa, a city that truly captured my heart. Today, I’m adding even more photos to give you a glimpse into this vibrant and historic city.
Odessa is a port city on the Black Sea, known for its stunning architecture, including the Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater. The city was founded by Catherine II in 1794 and quickly became a major cultural and economic center.
I had the opportunity to explore Odessa’s many neighborhoods, from the bustling city center to the quieter beaches. I was particularly impressed by the city’s unique blend of Ukrainian, Russian, and Greek influences.
Odessa is a city that has something to offer. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, or simply relaxing on the beach, Odessa is a place you won’t forget.
I hope you enjoyed these additional photos of Odessa.
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@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9
2025-03-25 17:43:44One of the most common criticisms leveled against nostr is the perceived lack of assurance when it comes to data storage. Critics argue that without a centralized authority guaranteeing that all data is preserved, important information will be lost. They also claim that running a relay will become prohibitively expensive. While there is truth to these concerns, they miss the mark. The genius of nostr lies in its flexibility, resilience, and the way it harnesses human incentives to ensure data availability in practice.
A nostr relay is simply a server that holds cryptographically verifiable signed data and makes it available to others. Relays are simple, flexible, open, and require no permission to run. Critics are right that operating a relay attempting to store all nostr data will be costly. What they miss is that most will not run all encompassing archive relays. Nostr does not rely on massive archive relays. Instead, anyone can run a relay and choose to store whatever subset of data they want. This keeps costs low and operations flexible, making relay operation accessible to all sorts of individuals and entities with varying use cases.
Critics are correct that there is no ironclad guarantee that every piece of data will always be available. Unlike bitcoin where data permanence is baked into the system at a steep cost, nostr does not promise that every random note or meme will be preserved forever. That said, in practice, any data perceived as valuable by someone will likely be stored and distributed by multiple entities. If something matters to someone, they will keep a signed copy.
Nostr is the Streisand Effect in protocol form. The Streisand effect is when an attempt to suppress information backfires, causing it to spread even further. With nostr, anyone can broadcast signed data, anyone can store it, and anyone can distribute it. Try to censor something important? Good luck. The moment it catches attention, it will be stored on relays across the globe, copied, and shared by those who find it worth keeping. Data deemed important will be replicated across servers by individuals acting in their own interest.
Nostr’s distributed nature ensures that the system does not rely on a single point of failure or a corporate overlord. Instead, it leans on the collective will of its users. The result is a network where costs stay manageable, participation is open to all, and valuable verifiable data is stored and distributed forever.
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-11 06:05:38- Lumilumi The Nostr Web Client.
Lightweight modes are available, such as not displaying icon images, not loading images automatically, etc.
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Long Form Content Editor A lightweight Long Form Content Editor with editing functionality for your articles. It supports embedding Nostr IDs via NIP-19 and custom emoji integration.
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Nostr Share Component Demo A simple web component for sharing content to Nostr. Create customizable share buttons that let users easily post to Nostr clients with pre-filled content. Perfect for blogs, websites, or any content you want shared on the Nostr network. Try the interactive demo to see how seamlessly it integrates with your website.
Only clients that support receiving shared text via URL parameters can be added to the client list. If your preferred client meets this requirement, feel free to submit a pull request.
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Nostr Follow Organizer A practical tool for managing your Nostr follows(kind3) with ease.
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NAKE NAKE is a powerful utility for Nostr developers and users that simplifies working with NIP-19 and NIP-49 formats. This versatile tool allows you to easily encode and decode Nostr identifiers and encrypted data according to these protocol specifications.
- chrome extension
- firefox add-on
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Nostviewstr A versatile Nostr tool that specializes in creating and editing addressable or replaceable events on the Nostr network. This comprehensive editor allows you to manage various types of lists and structured content within the Nostr ecosystem.
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Luminostr Luminostr is a recovery tool for Nostr that helps you retrieve and restore Addressable or Replaceable events (such as kind: 0, 3, 10002, 10000, etc.) from relays. It allows you to search for these events across multiple relays and optionally re-publish them to ensure their persistence.
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Nostr Bookmark Recovery Tool Nostr Bookmark Recovery Tool is a utility for retrieving and re-publishing past bookmark events ( kind:10003,30001,30003 ) from public relays. Rather than automatically selecting the latest version, it allows users to pick any previous version and overwrite the current one with it. This is useful for restoring a preferred snapshot of your bookmark list.
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Profile Editor Profile Editor is a simple tool for editing and publishing your Nostr profile (kind: 0 event). It allows you to update fields such as name, display name, picture, and about text, and then publish the updated profile to selected relays.
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Nostr bookmark viewer Nostr Bookmark Viewer is a tool for viewing and editing Nostr bookmark events (kind: 10003, 30001, 30003). It allows users to load bookmark data from relays, browse saved posts, and optionally edit and publish their own bookmark lists.
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Nostr Note Duplicater Nostr Note Duplicater is a tool that rebroadcasts an existing Nostr event from a relay to other selected relays.
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@ d360efec:14907b5f
2025-05-10 03:57:17Disclaimer: * การวิเคราะห์นี้เป็นเพียงแนวทาง ไม่ใช่คำแนะนำในการซื้อขาย * การลงทุนมีความเสี่ยง ผู้ลงทุนควรตัดสินใจด้วยตนเอง
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@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9
2025-03-13 19:39:28In much of the world, it is incredibly difficult to access U.S. dollars. Local currencies are often poorly managed and riddled with corruption. Billions of people demand a more reliable alternative. While the dollar has its own issues of corruption and mismanagement, it is widely regarded as superior to the fiat currencies it competes with globally. As a result, Tether has found massive success providing low cost, low friction access to dollars. Tether claims 400 million total users, is on track to add 200 million more this year, processes 8.1 million transactions daily, and facilitates $29 billion in daily transfers. Furthermore, their estimates suggest nearly 40% of users rely on it as a savings tool rather than just a transactional currency.
Tether’s rise has made the company a financial juggernaut. Last year alone, Tether raked in over $13 billion in profit, with a lean team of less than 100 employees. Their business model is elegantly simple: hold U.S. Treasuries and collect the interest. With over $113 billion in Treasuries, Tether has turned a straightforward concept into a profit machine.
Tether’s success has resulted in many competitors eager to claim a piece of the pie. This has triggered a massive venture capital grift cycle in USD tokens, with countless projects vying to dethrone Tether. Due to Tether’s entrenched network effect, these challengers face an uphill battle with little realistic chance of success. Most educated participants in the space likely recognize this reality but seem content to perpetuate the grift, hoping to cash out by dumping their equity positions on unsuspecting buyers before they realize the reality of the situation.
Historically, Tether’s greatest vulnerability has been U.S. government intervention. For over a decade, the company operated offshore with few allies in the U.S. establishment, making it a major target for regulatory action. That dynamic has shifted recently and Tether has seized the opportunity. By actively courting U.S. government support, Tether has fortified their position. This strategic move will likely cement their status as the dominant USD token for years to come.
While undeniably a great tool for the millions of users that rely on it, Tether is not without flaws. As a centralized, trusted third party, it holds the power to freeze or seize funds at its discretion. Corporate mismanagement or deliberate malpractice could also lead to massive losses at scale. In their goal of mitigating regulatory risk, Tether has deepened ties with law enforcement, mirroring some of the concerns of potential central bank digital currencies. In practice, Tether operates as a corporate CBDC alternative, collaborating with authorities to surveil and seize funds. The company proudly touts partnerships with leading surveillance firms and its own data reveals cooperation in over 1,000 law enforcement cases, with more than $2.5 billion in funds frozen.
The global demand for Tether is undeniable and the company’s profitability reflects its unrivaled success. Tether is owned and operated by bitcoiners and will likely continue to push forward strategic goals that help the movement as a whole. Recent efforts to mitigate the threat of U.S. government enforcement will likely solidify their network effect and stifle meaningful adoption of rival USD tokens or CBDCs. Yet, for all their achievements, Tether is simply a worse form of money than bitcoin. Tether requires trust in a centralized entity, while bitcoin can be saved or spent without permission. Furthermore, Tether is tied to the value of the US Dollar which is designed to lose purchasing power over time, while bitcoin, as a truly scarce asset, is designed to increase in purchasing power with adoption. As people awaken to the risks of Tether’s control, and the benefits bitcoin provides, bitcoin adoption will likely surpass it.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-08 05:25:48Safe Bits & Self Custody Tips
The journey of onboarding a user and create a bitcoin multiSig setup begins far before opening a desktop like Bitcoin Safe (BS) or any other similar application. Bitcoin Safe seems designed for families and people that want to start exploring and learning about multiSig setup. The need for such application and use of it could go much further, defining best practices for private organizations that aim to custody bitcoin in a private and anonymous way, following and enjoy the values and standards bitcoin has been built for.
Intro
Organizations and small private groups like families, family offices and solopreneurs operating on a bitcoin standard will have the need to keep track of transactions and categorize them to keep the books in order. A part of our efforts will be spent ensuring accessibility standards are in place for everyone to use Bitcoin Safe with comfort and safety.
We aim with this project to bring together the three Designathon ideas below: - Bitcoin Safe: improve its overall design and usability. - No User Left Behind: improve Bitcoin Safe accessibility. - Self-custody guidelines for organizations: How Bitcoin Safe can be used by private organization following best self-custody practices.
We are already halfway of the first week, and here below the progress made so far.
Designing an icon Set for Bitcoin Safe
One of the noticeable things when using BS is the inconsistency of the icons, not just in colors and shapes, but also the way are used. The desktop app try to have a clean design that incorporate with all OS (Win, macOS, Linux) and for this reason it's hard to define when a system default icon need to be used or if a custom one can be applied instead. The use of QT Ui framework for python apps help to respond to these questions. It also incorporates and brig up dome default settings that aren't easily overwritten.
Here below you can see the current version of BS:
Defining a more strict color palette for Bitcoin Safe was the first thing!
How much the icons affect accessibility? How they can help users to reach the right functionality? I took the challenge and, with PenPot.app, redesigned the icons based on the grid defined in the https://bitcoinicons.com/ and proposing the implementation of it to have a cleaner and more consistent look'n feel, at least for the icons now.
What's next
I personally look forward to seeing these icons implemented soon in Bitcoin Safe interface. In the meantime, we'll focus on delivering an accessibility audit and evaluate options to see how BS could be used by private organizations aiming to become financially sovereign with self-custody or more complex bitcoin multiSig setups.
One of the greatest innovations BS is bringing to us is the ability to sync the multiSig wallets, including PBST, Categories and labels, through the nostr decentralized protocol, making current key custodial services somehow obsolete. Second-coolest feature that this nostr implementation brings is the ability to have a build-in private chat that connect and enable the various signers of a multiSig to communicate and sign transactions remotely. Where have you seen something like this before?
Categories UX and redesign is also considered in this project. We'll try to understand how to better serve this functionality to you, the user, really soon.
Stay tuned!
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/974488
-
@ e39333da:7c66e53a
2025-05-12 00:03:18::youtube{#VQRLujxTm3c}
Rockstar released the second trailer for Grand Theft Auto VI, where they mention that it showcases both cinematic and gameplay scenes equally, though of course it doesn't show any direct gameplay.
This trailer also announces the release date for the game. The game will come out on the 26th of May, 2026, for the PS5 and the Xbox One.
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@ e968e50b:db2a803a
2024-03-22 15:49:38ENJOY!*
https://bitcoinwhacamole.vercel.app/
*I'm pretty sure it's actually impossible for a normal human to win, but there is a little end screen as a reward if you can accomplish the impossible. It might be easier on mobile.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-08 05:08:36Welcome back to our weekly
JABBB
, Just Another Bitcoin Bubble Boom, a comics and meme contest crafted for you, creative stackers!If you'd like to learn more, check our welcome post here.
This week sticker:
Bitcoin Sir
You can download the source file directly from the HereComesBitcoin website in SVG and PNG. Use this sticker around SN with the code

The task
Make sure you use this week sticker to design a comic frame or a meme, add a message that perfectly captures the sentiment of the current most hilarious takes on the Bitcoin space. You can contextualize it or not, it's up to you, you chose the message, the context and anything else that will help you submit your comic art masterpiece.
Are you a meme creator? There's space for you too: select the most similar shot from the gifts hosted on the Gif Station section and craft your best meme... Let's Jabbb!
If you enjoy designing and memeing, feel free to check out the JABBB archive and create more to spread Bitcoin awareness to the moon.
Submit each proposal on the relative thread, bounties will be distributed when enough participants submit options.
PS: you can now use HereComesBitcoin stickers to use on Stacker.News
₿e creative, have fun! :D
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/974483
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@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9
2025-03-12 15:30:46Recently we have seen a wave of high profile X accounts hacked. These attacks have exposed the fragility of the status quo security model used by modern social media platforms like X. Many users have asked if nostr fixes this, so lets dive in. How do these types of attacks translate into the world of nostr apps? For clarity, I will use X’s security model as representative of most big tech social platforms and compare it to nostr.
The Status Quo
On X, you never have full control of your account. Ultimately to use it requires permission from the company. They can suspend your account or limit your distribution. Theoretically they can even post from your account at will. An X account is tied to an email and password. Users can also opt into two factor authentication, which adds an extra layer of protection, a login code generated by an app. In theory, this setup works well, but it places a heavy burden on users. You need to create a strong, unique password and safeguard it. You also need to ensure your email account and phone number remain secure, as attackers can exploit these to reset your credentials and take over your account. Even if you do everything responsibly, there is another weak link in X infrastructure itself. The platform’s infrastructure allows accounts to be reset through its backend. This could happen maliciously by an employee or through an external attacker who compromises X’s backend. When an account is compromised, the legitimate user often gets locked out, unable to post or regain control without contacting X’s support team. That process can be slow, frustrating, and sometimes fruitless if support denies the request or cannot verify your identity. Often times support will require users to provide identification info in order to regain access, which represents a privacy risk. The centralized nature of X means you are ultimately at the mercy of the company’s systems and staff.
Nostr Requires Responsibility
Nostr flips this model radically. Users do not need permission from a company to access their account, they can generate as many accounts as they want, and cannot be easily censored. The key tradeoff here is that users have to take complete responsibility for their security. Instead of relying on a username, password, and corporate servers, nostr uses a private key as the sole credential for your account. Users generate this key and it is their responsibility to keep it safe. As long as you have your key, you can post. If someone else gets it, they can post too. It is that simple. This design has strong implications. Unlike X, there is no backend reset option. If your key is compromised or lost, there is no customer support to call. In a compromise scenario, both you and the attacker can post from the account simultaneously. Neither can lock the other out, since nostr relays simply accept whatever is signed with a valid key.
The benefit? No reliance on proprietary corporate infrastructure.. The negative? Security rests entirely on how well you protect your key.
Future Nostr Security Improvements
For many users, nostr’s standard security model, storing a private key on a phone with an encrypted cloud backup, will likely be sufficient. It is simple and reasonably secure. That said, nostr’s strength lies in its flexibility as an open protocol. Users will be able to choose between a range of security models, balancing convenience and protection based on need.
One promising option is a web of trust model for key rotation. Imagine pre-selecting a group of trusted friends. If your account is compromised, these people could collectively sign an event announcing the compromise to the network and designate a new key as your legitimate one. Apps could handle this process seamlessly in the background, notifying followers of the switch without much user interaction. This could become a popular choice for average users, but it is not without tradeoffs. It requires trust in your chosen web of trust, which might not suit power users or large organizations. It also has the issue that some apps may not recognize the key rotation properly and followers might get confused about which account is “real.”
For those needing higher security, there is the option of multisig using FROST (Flexible Round-Optimized Schnorr Threshold). In this setup, multiple keys must sign off on every action, including posting and updating a profile. A hacker with just one key could not do anything. This is likely overkill for most users due to complexity and inconvenience, but it could be a game changer for large organizations, companies, and governments. Imagine the White House nostr account requiring signatures from multiple people before a post goes live, that would be much more secure than the status quo big tech model.
Another option are hardware signers, similar to bitcoin hardware wallets. Private keys are kept on secure, offline devices, separate from the internet connected phone or computer you use to broadcast events. This drastically reduces the risk of remote hacks, as private keys never touches the internet. It can be used in combination with multisig setups for extra protection. This setup is much less convenient and probably overkill for most but could be ideal for governments, companies, or other high profile accounts.
Nostr’s security model is not perfect but is robust and versatile. Ultimately users are in control and security is their responsibility. Apps will give users multiple options to choose from and users will choose what best fits their need.
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@ 1bda7e1f:bb97c4d9
2025-01-02 05:19:08Tldr
- Nostr is an open and interoperable protocol
- You can integrate it with workflow automation tools to augment your experience
- n8n is a great low/no-code workflow automation tool which you can host yourself
- Nostrobots allows you to integrate Nostr into n8n
- In this blog I create some workflow automations for Nostr
- A simple form to delegate posting notes
- Push notifications for mentions on multiple accounts
- Push notifications for your favourite accounts when they post a note
- All workflows are provided as open source with MIT license for you to use
Inter-op All The Things
Nostr is a new open social protocol for the internet. This open nature exciting because of the opportunities for interoperability with other technologies. In Using NFC Cards with Nostr I explored the
nostr:
URI to launch Nostr clients from a card tap.The interoperability of Nostr doesn't stop there. The internet has many super-powers, and Nostr is open to all of them. Simply, there's no one to stop it. There is no one in charge, there are no permissioned APIs, and there are no risks of being de-platformed. If you can imagine technologies that would work well with Nostr, then any and all of them can ride on or alongside Nostr rails.
My mental model for why this is special is Google Wave ~2010. Google Wave was to be the next big platform. Lars was running it and had a big track record from Maps. I was excited for it. Then, Google pulled the plug. And, immediately all the time and capital invested in understanding and building on the platform was wasted.
This cannot happen to Nostr, as there is no one to pull the plug, and maybe even no plug to pull.
So long as users demand Nostr, Nostr will exist, and that is a pretty strong guarantee. It makes it worthwhile to invest in bringing Nostr into our other applications.
All we need are simple ways to plug things together.
Nostr and Workflow Automation
Workflow automation is about helping people to streamline their work. As a user, the most common way I achieve this is by connecting disparate systems together. By setting up one system to trigger another or to move data between systems, I can solve for many different problems and become way more effective.
n8n for workflow automation
Many workflow automation tools exist. My favourite is n8n. n8n is a low/no-code workflow automation platform which allows you to build all kinds of workflows. You can use it for free, you can self-host it, it has a user-friendly UI and useful API. Vs Zapier it can be far more elaborate. Vs Make.com I find it to be more intuitive in how it abstracts away the right parts of the code, but still allows you to code when you need to.
Most importantly you can plug anything into n8n: You have built-in nodes for specific applications. HTTP nodes for any other API-based service. And community nodes built by individual community members for any other purpose you can imagine.
Eating my own dogfood
It's very clear to me that there is a big design space here just demanding to be explored. If you could integrate Nostr with anything, what would you do?
In my view the best way for anyone to start anything is by solving their own problem first (aka "scratching your own itch" and "eating your own dogfood"). As I get deeper into Nostr I find myself controlling multiple Npubs – to date I have a personal Npub, a brand Npub for a community I am helping, an AI assistant Npub, and various testing Npubs. I need ways to delegate access to those Npubs without handing over the keys, ways to know if they're mentioned, and ways to know if they're posting.
I can build workflows with n8n to solve these issues for myself to start with, and keep expanding from there as new needs come up.
Running n8n with Nostrobots
I am mostly non-technical with a very helpful AI. To set up n8n to work with Nostr and operate these workflows should be possible for anyone with basic technology skills.
- I have a cheap VPS which currently runs my HAVEN Nostr Relay and Albyhub Lightning Node in Docker containers,
- My objective was to set up n8n to run alongside these in a separate Docker container on the same server, install the required nodes, and then build and host my workflows.
Installing n8n
Self-hosting n8n could not be easier. I followed n8n's Docker-Compose installation docs–
- Install Docker and Docker-Compose if you haven't already,
- Create your
docker-compose.yml
and.env
files from the docs, - Create your data folder
sudo docker volume create n8n_data
, - Start your container with
sudo docker compose up -d
, - Your n8n instance should be online at port
5678
.
n8n is free to self-host but does require a license. Enter your credentials into n8n to get your free license key. You should now have access to the Workflow dashboard and can create and host any kind of workflows from there.
Installing Nostrobots
To integrate n8n nicely with Nostr, I used the Nostrobots community node by Ocknamo.
In n8n parlance a "node" enables certain functionality as a step in a workflow e.g. a "set" node sets a variable, a "send email" node sends an email. n8n comes with all kinds of "official" nodes installed by default, and Nostr is not amongst them. However, n8n also comes with a framework for community members to create their own "community" nodes, which is where Nostrobots comes in.
You can only use a community node in a self-hosted n8n instance (which is what you have if you are running in Docker on your own server, but this limitation does prevent you from using n8n's own hosted alternative).
To install a community node, see n8n community node docs. From your workflow dashboard–
- Click the "..." in the bottom left corner beside your username, and click "settings",
- Cilck "community nodes" left sidebar,
- Click "Install",
- Enter the "npm Package Name" which is
n8n-nodes-nostrobots
, - Accept the risks and click "Install",
- Nostrobots is now added to your n8n instance.
Using Nostrobots
Nostrobots gives you nodes to help you build Nostr-integrated workflows–
- Nostr Write – for posting Notes to the Nostr network,
- Nostr Read – for reading Notes from the Nostr network, and
- Nostr Utils – for performing certain conversions you may need (e.g. from bech32 to hex).
Nostrobots has good documentation on each node which focuses on simple use cases.
Each node has a "convenience mode" by default. For example, the "Read" Node by default will fetch Kind 1 notes by a simple filter, in Nostrobots parlance a "Strategy". For example, with Strategy set to "Mention" the node will accept a pubkey and fetch all Kind 1 notes that Mention the pubkey within a time period. This is very good for quick use.
What wasn't clear to me initially (until Ocknamo helped me out) is that advanced use cases are also possible.
Each node also has an advanced mode. For example, the "Read" Node can have "Strategy" set to "RawFilter(advanced)". Now the node will accept json (anything you like that complies with NIP-01). You can use this to query Notes (Kind 1) as above, and also Profiles (Kind 0), Follow Lists (Kind 3), Reactions (Kind 7), Zaps (Kind 9734/9735), and anything else you can think of.
Creating and adding workflows
With n8n and Nostrobots installed, you can now create or add any kind of Nostr Workflow Automation.
- Click "Add workflow" to go to the workflow builder screen,
- If you would like to build your own workflow, you can start with adding any node. Click "+" and see what is available. Type "Nostr" to explore the Nostrobots nodes you have added,
- If you would like to add workflows that someone else has built, click "..." in the top right. Then click "import from URL" and paste in the URL of any workflow you would like to use (including the ones I share later in this article).
Nostr Workflow Automations
It's time to build some things!
A simple form to post a note to Nostr
I started very simply. I needed to delegate the ability to post to Npubs that I own in order that a (future) team can test things for me. I don't want to worry about managing or training those people on how to use keys, and I want to revoke access easily.
I needed a basic form with credentials that posted a Note.
For this I can use a very simple workflow–
- A n8n Form node – Creates a form for users to enter the note they wish to post. Allows for the form to be protected by a username and password. This node is the workflow "trigger" so that the workflow runs each time the form is submitted.
- A Set node – Allows me to set some variables, in this case I set the relays that I intend to use. I typically add a Set node immediately following the trigger node, and put all the variables I need in this. It helps to make the workflows easier to update and maintain.
- A Nostr Write node (from Nostrobots) – Writes a Kind-1 note to the Nostr network. It accepts Nostr credentials, the output of the Form node, and the relays from the Set node, and posts the Note to those relays.
Once the workflow is built, you can test it with the testing form URL, and set it to "Active" to use the production form URL. That's it. You can now give posting access to anyone for any Npub. To revoke access, simply change the credentials or set to workflow to "Inactive".
It may also be the world's simplest Nostr client.
You can find the Nostr Form to Post a Note workflow here.
Push notifications on mentions and new notes
One of the things Nostr is not very good at is push notifications. Furthermore I have some unique itches to scratch. I want–
- To make sure I never miss a note addressed to any of my Npubs – For this I want a push notification any time any Nostr user mentions any of my Npubs,
- To make sure I always see all notes from key accounts – For this I need a push notification any time any of my Npubs post any Notes to the network,
- To get these notifications on all of my devices – Not just my phone where my Nostr regular client lives, but also on each of my laptops to suit wherever I am working that day.
I needed to build a Nostr push notifications solution.
To build this workflow I had to string a few ideas together–
- Triggering the node on a schedule – Nostrobots does not include a trigger node. As every workflow starts with a trigger we needed a different method. I elected to run the workflow on a schedule of every 10-minutes. Frequent enough to see Notes while they are hot, but infrequent enough to not burden public relays or get rate-limited,
- Storing a list of Npubs in a Nostr list – I needed a way to store the list of Npubs that trigger my notifications. I initially used an array defined in the workflow, this worked fine. Then I decided to try Nostr lists (NIP-51, kind 30000). By defining my list of Npubs as a list published to Nostr I can control my list from within a Nostr client (e.g. Listr.lol or Nostrudel.ninja). Not only does this "just work", but because it's based on Nostr lists automagically Amethyst client allows me to browse that list as a Feed, and everyone I add gets notified in their Mentions,
- Using specific relays – I needed to query the right relays, including my own HAVEN relay inbox for notes addressed to me, and wss://purplepag.es for Nostr profile metadata,
- Querying Nostr events (with Nostrobots) – I needed to make use of many different Nostr queries and use quite a wide range of what Nostrobots can do–
- I read the EventID of my Kind 30000 list, to return the desired pubkeys,
- For notifications on mentions, I read all Kind 1 notes that mention that pubkey,
- For notifications on new notes, I read all Kind 1 notes published by that pubkey,
- Where there are notes, I read the Kind 0 profile metadata event of that pubkey to get the displayName of the relevant Npub,
- I transform the EventID into a Nevent to help clients find it.
- Using the Nostr URI – As I did with my NFC card article, I created a link with the
nostr:
URI prefix so that my phone's native client opens the link by default, - Push notifications solution – I needed a push notifications solution. I found many with n8n integrations and chose to go with Pushover which supports all my devices, has a free trial, and is unfairly cheap with a $5-per-device perpetual license.
Once the workflow was built, lists published, and Pushover installed on my phone, I was fully set up with push notifications on Nostr. I have used these workflows for several weeks now and made various tweaks as I went. They are feeling robust and I'd welcome you to give them a go.
You can find the Nostr Push Notification If Mentioned here and If Posts a Note here.
In speaking with other Nostr users while I was building this, there are all kind of other needs for push notifications too – like on replies to a certain bookmarked note, or when a followed Npub starts streaming on zap.stream. These are all possible.
Use my workflows
I have open sourced all my workflows at my Github with MIT license and tried to write complete docs, so that you can import them into your n8n and configure them for your own use.
To import any of my workflows–
- Click on the workflow of your choice, e.g. "Nostr_Push_Notify_If_Mentioned.json",
- Click on the "raw" button to view the raw JSON, ex any Github page layout,
- Copy that URL,
- Enter that URL in the "import from URL" dialog mentioned above.
To configure them–
- Prerequisites, credentials, and variables are all stated,
- In general any variables required are entered into a Set Node that follows the trigger node,
- Pushover has some extra setup but is very straightforward and documented in the workflow.
What next?
Over my first four blogs I explored creating a good Nostr setup with Vanity Npub, Lightning Payments, Nostr Addresses at Your Domain, and Personal Nostr Relay.
Then in my latest two blogs I explored different types of interoperability with NFC cards and now n8n Workflow Automation.
Thinking ahead n8n can power any kind of interoperability between Nostr and any other legacy technology solution. On my mind as I write this:
- Further enhancements to posting and delegating solutions and forms (enhanced UI or different note kinds),
- Automated or scheduled posting (such as auto-liking everything Lyn Alden posts),
- Further enhancements to push notifications, on new and different types of events (such as notifying me when I get a new follower, on replies to certain posts, or when a user starts streaming),
- All kinds of bridges, such as bridging notes to and from Telegram, Slack, or Campfire. Or bridging RSS or other event feeds to Nostr,
- All kinds of other automation (such as BlackCoffee controlling a coffee machine),
- All kinds of AI Assistants and Agents,
In fact I have already released an open source workflow for an AI Assistant, and will share more about that in my next blog.
Please be sure to let me know if you think there's another Nostr topic you'd like to see me tackle.
GM Nostr.
-
@ a012dc82:6458a70d
2023-08-24 08:49:39Table Of Content
-
What Are Bitcoin Addresses?
-
Understanding the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses
-
What Does the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses Mean?
-
Is the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses a Sign of Adoption?
-
Factors Affecting the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses
-
Conclusion
-
FAQ
Since its inception in 2009, Bitcoin has grown to become one of the most popular cryptocurrencies in the world. Over the years, the number of Bitcoin users has grown significantly, leading to an increase in the total number of Bitcoin addresses. This growth has left many wondering whether the rapid increase in Bitcoin total addresses is a sign of adoption. In this article, we will explore the significance of the growth in Bitcoin total addresses and its implications for the adoption of Bitcoin.
What Are Bitcoin Addresses?
Before diving into the topic of whether the rapid growth of Bitcoin total addresses is a sign of adoption, it's essential to understand what Bitcoin addresses are. In simple terms, a Bitcoin address is a unique identifier that represents a destination for Bitcoin transactions. Each Bitcoin address is a string of alphanumeric characters that is generated randomly and is associated with a private key.
Understanding the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses
The total number of Bitcoin addresses has been increasing at an unprecedented rate over the past few years. In September 2015, there were just over 11 million Bitcoin addresses. As of March 2023, the number has surged to over 885 million. This represents a growth of more than 8,000% in just over six years.
What Does the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses Mean?
The rapid growth in Bitcoin total addresses is a clear indication of the increasing interest in Bitcoin. It suggests that more people are interested in owning Bitcoin and using it for transactions. However, it's important to note that not all Bitcoin addresses represent unique users. One person may have multiple Bitcoin addresses, which means that the total number of Bitcoin users may be lower than the total number of Bitcoin addresses.
Is the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses a Sign of Adoption?
The growth in Bitcoin total addresses is undoubtedly a sign of adoption. It indicates that more people are becoming interested in Bitcoin, which is essential for its growth and success. However, it's important to note that the growth in Bitcoin total addresses doesn't necessarily translate to an increase in the number of Bitcoin users. Some people may be holding Bitcoin for investment purposes rather than using it for transactions.
Factors Affecting the Growth in Bitcoin Total Addresses
Several factors are driving the growth in Bitcoin total addresses. One significant factor is the increasing awareness of Bitcoin and its benefits. As more people become aware of Bitcoin, they are more likely to invest in it and use it for transactions. Additionally, the increasing acceptance of Bitcoin by businesses is also contributing to the growth in Bitcoin total addresses. More businesses are accepting Bitcoin payments, which is making it easier for people to use Bitcoin for transactions.
Conclusion
The rapid growth of Bitcoin total addresses is undoubtedly a sign of adoption. It indicates that more people are becoming interested in Bitcoin, which is essential for its growth and success. However, it's important to note that not all Bitcoin addresses represent unique users. Some people may be holding Bitcoin for investment purposes rather than using it for transactions. Nonetheless, the increasing awareness and acceptance of Bitcoin suggest that the growth in Bitcoin total addresses may continue in the coming years. As more businesses accept Bitcoin payments and more people become aware of its benefits, Bitcoin adoption may continue to grow, leading to more widespread use of the cryptocurrency.
FAQs
Does the growth in Bitcoin total addresses mean that more people are buying Bitcoin? Not necessarily. The growth in Bitcoin total addresses indicates that more people are interested in Bitcoin. However, not all Bitcoin addresses represent unique users. One person may have multiple Bitcoin addresses, which means that the total number of Bitcoin users may be lower than the total number of Bitcoin addresses.
Can the growth in Bitcoin total addresses be attributed to investment rather than adoption? Yes, it's possible. Some people may be holding Bitcoin for investment purposes rather than using it for transactions.
Is the growth in Bitcoin total addresses sustainable? It's difficult to predict whether the growth in Bitcoin total addresses is sustainable. However, the increasing awareness and acceptance of Bitcoin suggest that the growth may continue in the coming years.
That's all for today, see ya tomorrow
If you want more, be sure to follow us on:
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DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.
-
-
@ 1f9e547c:8af216ed
2024-04-19 11:44:36 -
@ 3c389c8f:7a2eff7f
2025-05-11 22:53:30As I'm sitting here trying to hone in on what might be important to write about in this moment, my mind keeps swirling around through all the things that have me sitting here to begin with. Nostr found me in a time when my life needed a change. The discovery of something that provided the light of hope to an otherwise dark, dystopian future was more powerful than I could have ever predicted. Timing is everything, they say. I believe that to be half true, as timing alone means nothing if the will is non-existent. The intersection of opportunity and preparedness, and all that. I know how I found my way here, but I do not fully understand the things that have drawn my curiosity and kept my attention so strongly. My will ached for change, simplicity, and meaning. I found it, in what seem to me, simultaneously the most likely and the most unlikely of places. There's a magic to that, and its probably better to leave some questions unanswered, lest they lose their mystic power.
My experiences are my own but theme of them resonates through most of the people with whom I interact. It's been very clear that I wasn't alone in these feelings. A movement of highly inspired, hopeful people have continued to support this digital freedom movement since my arrival, in varying ways. Some people have highly technical skills ranging from network systems to design to cybersecurity. Others, like myself, have little to offer in the realms of functionality and we do what we can to breathe life into the systems built to provide digital freedom of speech for all. It's a humbling experience. We are reminded. sometimes directly and sometimes indirectly, that none of Nostr would matter if there were no one using it. We know this to be true, but it is no less humbling to be surrounded by constant innovation and a thriving desire to bring this experience to the entire world.
Now here I sit, tapping out these words, in the midst of another massive life change, stressful but chosen. I could sign off, go read a book in the garden, and go about my world as I would have in my pre-Nostr times. I don't want to do that, though. Hope is here. If there is a place to dwell, in hope is where I will always choose.
I find it important to acknowledge, though, that Nostr and the people using it are in a constant state of flux, too. This isn't my rock nor harbor nor shelter. It's the chaotic good, reminding me both to keep an appreciation for how far this ecosystem has come in such a short amount of time and a realistic set of expectations for where this all can go. The same applies for how well things work at any given moment...And equally so in missing my some of my early Nostr friends that have come and gone, while remaining open to the possibility of meeting new ones... Experiences had and experiences yet to come. I don't know if I have ever been so coaxed outside of my mind by a group of strangers on the internet. But here I am, looking back and looking forward, surrounded by awe in all directions, sharing thoughts that would otherwise be scribbled in pen to be burned in a random evening fire. I've long felt that the core of social media should be just this. Spaces for people to connect, above all else, in the ways that create meaning in our lives. I suppose in some ways that did exist before, but it was twisted, and obscured, and slowly pulled away.
Now its here and super-charged by possibility. What this looks like for any individual will not be the same as my own view. That's part of what makes this so beautiful to me. We need to be able to speak freely. Just as importantly we need to be able to surround ourselves with the things and people that makes us want to do more, that make us want to feel humbled. Or not, if we so choose... but I choose hope.
-
@ 4180da63:7b3c147e
2025-05-11 04:33:47By John "Potato Jack" LeFebvre
The cold, cold air of the morning tickled the nose of Christmas Goat as he lay quietly in bed, just waking up.
The cold air of the morning whispered in the ear of Christmas Goat; it whispered:- icicle secrets!
The moon, round and white, with swirling breezes, made Christmas Goat’s bedroom look like milk.
That reminded Christmas Goat – "It’s time to milk my cows!"
Christmas Goat peeled away the bed sheet and four blankets which kept him warm at night, and sitting on the edge of the bed he put on his gumboots.
He walked out of his bedroom and bumped into a wall because he was still a bit tired. He stood out on his front verandah and looked at the farm. "Come on you cows! It’s time for milking!!" he yelled.
The cows made a quiet line and walked, one behind the other, off to the milking sheds…
..all except for two cows who Christmas Goat had to throw a few potatoes at: then they got moving.
In the shed, the moos filled the air. Christmas Goat made his way past steaming cow flops carrying a bucket and a small stool.
He sat down next to Harry the cow.
"Ready for milking?", he asked.
"Yes, but you should have given me a girls name," said the cow.
"Oh well", said Christmas Goat, "here we go".
"Okay" said the cow, so Christmas Goat grabbed her teats with both hands and made the squirty milk goosh into the bucket.
"How are the kids?" asked Christmas Goat.
"Oh not bad," said Harry. "Bruce is in school and Terry’s just learning to moo."
"Yes, they’re good cows," said Christmas Goat.
"They are" said Harry. "I just wish you hadn’t given them boy’s names."
"Oh well," said Christmas Goat.
Christmas Goat milked all the cows one by one, and then he said to himself, "I think I’ll make myself a hot coffee". Back inside, he turned on the radio, and stirred the coffee powder into the hot water. Yum, he thought, pouring the cow’s milk on top. "Yum Yum Yum".
Christmas Goat drank all of this hot coffee and then made toast. A bird landed on his window sill and said "tweet tweet, tweet tweet ¯ ".
"Tweet tweet " said Christmas Goat".
The telephone rang four times and Christmas Goat picked it up.
"Hello, this is Christmas Goat?"
"Hello Christmas Goat? I’ve been a good goat all year and can you tell me what I’m getting for Christmas?"
"Christmas is tomorrow," said Christmas Goat.
"I know, but … - please tell me, just this once ..!"
"All right little goatgirl, what’s your name?"
"My name is Brenda," said the little girlgoat.
"Let me look at my list here…" said Christmas Goat. "
"Hmmm…" He moved his papers around.
"Are you still there?" asked the little goatgirl.
"Aha!! Yes I’m still here. I’ve just found your name on the list Brenda, here it is. Let’s see, oooh!"
"What is it! Wot is it!"
"It’s a …." But then Christmas Goat stopped talking.
"Why have you stopped talking?" said Brenda, panicking.
"Now, now," said Christmas Goat, "I just remembered it’s a secret."
"A secret!" said Brenda.
"Yes," said ChristmasGoat. "It has to be a surprise."
"No! Tell me now!" said Brenda.
Christmas Goat made a whistling sound with his lips. And then he hung up the phone.
By hanging up the phone like that, Christmas Goat felt a bit rude. But Brenda was rude first, he thought. Meanwhile, Brenda was at home, crying.
Christmas Goat thought , " I better go to see Brenda and explain to her why Christmas has to be a surprise." He went to the garage, oiled the wheels of his cart, and tied up a couple of humans.
"Good humans!" he said as they pulled him out of the garage down the street. The two people pulled the cart steadily along, steam pluming their foreheads.
It was a cold morning, and yet ChristmasGoat knew the earth was a round huge ball that spun on it’s axis while being invisibly dragged around a gigantic non stop fire- "the sun" – and that soon, because of this axis-spin, his part of the world would be receiving increasingly direct sun rays and it would get warm, so he didn’t worry . He explained this to the two men pulling his cart as it rolled through the suburbs, but they just blinked.
After a while, they arrived at Brenda’s house, and Christmas Goat tied the two men to a post and gave them a bottle of beer. Christmas Goat walked up the driveway, up the stairs, and went "knock kn0ck knock". A goat came to the door.
"Hallo Brenda?"
"No I’m Brenda’s brother. Brenda’s in her room, crying."
"Rats," said Christmas Goat.
There was Brenda, covered in tears, sitting on her carpet. Christmas Goat came in and sat down.
"Why did you make me sad?" said the little goatgirl.
"Well," said Christmas Goat, "I really didn’t want to do that. Every year, thousands of little goats ask me ‘what am I getting for Christmas,’ and every time I have to say to them, ‘you’ll see on Christmas day.’ And I Have to say this, I can’t say anything else, that’s just the way Christmas is."
"Come on, you must be able to tell me something a little deeper than (sniff) that."
Oh," said Christmas Goat, "you want the Big Reality explanation.."
"Yes," said Brenda, pouting and looking up from hurt eyes.
"Well," said Christmas Goat, "think what the world would be like with no surprise."
"Why? What would the world be like without surprise?" asked Brenda.
"Utterly predicable, " said Christmas Goat.
"What does predickable mean?" asked Brenda.
"In this case, it means ‘always knowing what’s going to happen’," said Christmas Goat.
"That sounds great!" said Brenda.
"Not really," said ChristmasGoat. "Think about it. Every day you wake up, you know what to wear, you know what’s going to be for breakfast, you know what job you have to go to, you know when it starts, you know how to get there, you know what you will see on the way, you know when you will stop for lunch, you know when you will finish, you know what’s for dinner, by looking at the program, you know what’s on T.V that night, they tell you what the weather will be like tomorrow, you know that if you …"
"That sounds Great!!" butted in Brenda.
"Yeah it sounded great to humans once, too, when they ruled the world. Woops."
"What was that?" said Brenda.
"What was what?" asked Christmas Goat.
"That thing you said, " said Brenda.
"I can’t remember, " said Christmas Goat, although now the shoe was on the other hoof.
"Well I remember, " said Brenda. "It just shocked me, that’s all. You said ‘when humans ruled the world.’"
"You’re right," sighed Christmas Goat. "That’s what I said..
Maybe we can forget about it though?"
Tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell me tell… "
"ALL-RIGHT" said Christmas Goat, giving in. "Are you sure you want this dark knowledge?"
"Yes, I’m sure," said Brenda dribbling with excitement.
"Right, well once upon a time, the humans, like those two hitched up to the post outside drinking beer, were our masters. What they said, went."
"Boy," said Brenda.
"That’s right," continued Christmas Goat. "In fact they were the kings of the world. Us goats were treated horribly at times."
"What happened?" asked Brenda the little goatgirl.
"Those people became so set in their ways that they became stale. Nearly every effort at becoming the rulers made them and their lives boring. They thought they knew everything."
"People don’t know anything!" said Brenda.
"Not now they don’t," said Christmas Goat. "But they did in a distant past. Unfortunately they made the mistake of killing most surprises, and that’s when we snuck up them."
"Us goats?"
"Yep."
"And now we’re the kings and queens!" said Brenda gleefully.
"Of course," said Christmas Goat. "But we mustn’t let ourselves get trapped by prediction. That’s why I’m Christmas Goat. It’s my job to make sure surprise is still big in our lives, especially at this time of the year, Christmas." "Thankyou for telling me that true story," said Brenda. "I look forward to my surprise present tomorrow morning."
"That’s a good boy," said Christmas Goat.
"I’m a girl," said Brenda.
That night, Christmas Goat tied up his strongest humans who hauled and heaved his sleigh-cart all over the world through beautiful bright darkness. Kind Mummy and Daddy goats left a snack for Christmas Goat, and beer for the sweaty humans.
Christmas Goat and his team finished delivering the presents just in time.
"Good humans," he said, patting his helpers and switching on the T.V for them.
When Brenda woke up, there was a terrific colourful ping pong ball under her Christmas Tree.
"That is a surprise," smiled Brenda. "I’m a netballer!"
-
@ 8cb60e21:5f2deaea
2024-09-06 22:23:03 -
@ 7b3f7803:8912e968
2025-03-08 02:28:40Libertarians believe in open borders in theory. In practice, open borders don’t work, because, among other things, the combination with a welfare state creates a moral hazard, and the least productive of society end up within the borders of welfare states and drain resources. The social services are paid by the productive people of the country or, in the case of most fiat systems, by currency holders through inflation. Welfare states are much more likely under fiat money and the redistribution goes from native taxpayers to illegal immigrants. Thus, under fiat money, open borders end up being an open wound by which the productive lifeblood of the country bleeds out, despite the theoretical trade-efficiency benefits. As libertarians like to say, open borders and the welfare state don’t mix. In this article, we’ll examine the other sacred cow of libertarian thought: free trade.
Free Trade without Libertarian Ideals
Free trade is very similar to free movement of labor in that it works great in theory, but not in practice, especially under fiat money. In a libertarian free-market world, free trade works. But that assumes a whole host of libertarian ideals like sound money, non-interfering governments, and minimal aggression. Once those ideals are violated, such as with government intervention in the market, similar moral hazards and long-term costs come with them, making free trade about as libertarian as a fractional reserve bank.
An example will illustrate what I’m talking about. Let’s say Portugal subsidizes their wine for export to other countries. The obvious first-order effect is that it makes Portuguese wine cheaper in France, perhaps undercutting the price of French wine. Libertarians would say, that’s great! French customers get cheaper goods, so what’s the problem?
As with any government intervention, there are significant second- and third-order effects in play. Subsidization puts unsubsidized companies at risk, perhaps driving them to bankruptcy. In this case, this might be a French wine maker. Subsidized companies may become zombies instead of dying out. In this case, this might be a Portuguese wine maker that was failing domestically but survives by selling to customers abroad with government subsidies. While French customers benefit in the short run with cheaper prices for wine, they are ultimately hurt because the goods that would have existed without government intervention never come to market. Perhaps French wine makers that went bankrupt were innovating. Perhaps the resources of the zombie Portuguese wine maker would have created something better.
Further, the dependency of French people on Portuguese wine means that something going wrong in Portugal, like a war or subsidy cuts, disrupts the supply and price of wine for France. Now France must meddle in Portugal internationally if it doesn’t want the wine supply to get disrupted. The two countries get entangled in such a way as to become more interventionist internationally. A war involving Portugal now suddenly becomes France’s business and incentivizes military aid or even violence. As usual, the unseen effects of government policy are the most pernicious.
Not Really Free
In other words, what we call free trade isn’t really free trade. A country exporting to the US may subsidize their products through government intervention, making the product cheaper in the US. This hurts US companies, and they’re forced into choices they never would have had to face without the foreign government intervention. But because the good is crossing borders under the rubric of “free trade,” it’s somehow seen as fair. Of course it’s not, as government intervention distorts the market whether it’s done by our own government or a foreign government.
So why would a foreign government do this? It gets several benefits through targeted market manipulation. First, it makes its own companies’ products more popular abroad and conversely, makes US companies’ products less popular. This has the dual benefit of growing the foreign government’s firms and shrinking, perhaps bankrupting, the US ones.
Targeted subsidization like this can lead to domination under free trade. It’s not unlike the Amazon strategy of undercutting everyone first and using the monopoly pricing power at scale once everyone else has bankrupted. The global monopoly is tremendously beneficial to the country that has it. Not only is there significant tax revenue over the long term, but also a head start on innovations within that industry and an advantage in production in the adjacent industries around the product.
Second, the manufacturing centralization gives that country leverage geo-politically. A critical product that no one else manufactures means natural alliances with the countries that depend on the product, which is especially useful for smaller countries like Taiwan. Their chip manufacturing industry, holding 60% of global supply (2024), has meant that they’re a critical link for most other countries, and hence, they can use this fact to deter Chinese invasion.
Third, because of the centralization of expertise, more innovations, products, and manufacturing will tend to come within the country. This increased production has cascading benefits, including new industries and national security. China leads the world in drone technology, which undoubtedly has given it an innovation advantage for its military, should it go to war.
Fourth, the capital that flows into the country for investing in the monopolized industry will tend to stay, giving the country more wealth in the form of factories, equipment, and skills. While that capital may nominally be in the hands of foreigners, over time, the ownership of that industry will inevitably transition toward native locals, as the knowledge about how to run such industries gets dissipated within the country.
Currency Devaluation: The Universal Trade Weapon
It would be one thing if only a specific industry were singled out for government subsidies and then the products dumped into the US as a way to hurt US companies, as that would limit the scope of the damage. But with currency devaluation, a government can subsidize all of its exports at the same time. Indeed, this is something that many countries do. While short-term, this helps US consumers, it hurts US companies and forces them into decisions that aren’t good for the US.
To compete, they have to lower costs by using the same devalued currency to pay their labor as their foreign competition. That is, by relocating their capital, their manufacturing, and even their personnel to the country that’s devaluing the currency. Not only does relocating reduce labor cost, but it also often gets them benefits like tax breaks. This makes US companies de facto multinationals and not only makes them subject to other jurisdictions, but ultimately divides their loyalties. To take advantage of the reduced labor, capital must move to another country and, along with it, future innovation.
Such relocations ultimately leave the company stripped of their manufacturing capability in the US, as local competition will generally fare better over the long run. Much of the value of the industry then is captured by other governments in taxes, development, and even state-owned companies. Free trade, in other words, creates a vulnerability for domestic companies as they can be put at a significant disadvantage compared to foreign counterparts.
Hidden Effects of Foreign Intervention
Unlike the multinationals, small companies have no chance as they’re not big enough to exploit the labor arbitrage. And as is usual in a fiat system, they suffer the most while the giant corporations get the benefits of the supposed “free trade”. Most small companies can’t compete, so we get mostly the bigger companies that survive.
The transition away from domestic manufacturing necessarily means significant disruption. Domestic workers are displaced and have to find new work. Factories and equipment either have to be repurposed or rot. Entire communities that depended on the manufacturing facility now have to figure out new ways to support themselves. It’s no good telling them that they can just do something else. In a currency devaluation scenario, most of the manufacturing leaves and the jobs left are service-oriented or otherwise location-based, like real estate development. There’s a natural limit to location-based industries because the market only grows with the location that you’re servicing. Put another way, you can only have so many people give haircuts or deliver packages in a geographic area. There has to be some manufacturing of goods that can be sold outside the community, or the community will face scarce labor opportunities relative to the population.
You also can’t say the displaced workers can start some other manufacturing business. Such businesses will get out-competed on labor by the currency-devaluing country, so there won’t be much investment available for such a business, and even if there were, such a business would be competing with its hands tied behind its back. So in this scenario, what you end up with are a large pool of unemployed people whom the state subsidizes with welfare.
So when a US company leaves or goes bankrupt due to a foreign government’s subsidies, the disruption alone imposes a significant short-term cost with displaced labor, unused capital goods, and devastated communities.
Mitigations
So how do countries fight back against such a devastating economic weapon? There are a few ways countries have found around this problem of currency devaluation under free trade. First, a country can prevent capital from leaving. This is called capital controls, and many countries, particularly those that manufacture a lot, have them. Try to get money, factories, or equipment out of Malaysia, for example, and you’ll find that they make it quite difficult. Getting the same capital into the country, on the other hand, faces few restrictions. Unfortunately, the US can’t put in capital controls because dollars are its main export. It is, after all, the reserve currency of the world.
Second, you can compete by devaluing your own currency. But that’s very difficult because it requires printing a lot of dollars, and that causes inflation. There’s also no guarantee that a competing country doesn’t devalue its currency again. The US is also in a precarious position as the world’s reserve currency, so devaluing the currency more than it already does will make other holders of the dollar less likely to want to hold it, threatening the reserve currency status.
So the main two mitigations against currency devaluation in a free trade scenario are not available to the US. So what else is there? The remaining option is to drop free trade. The solution, in other words, is to add tariffs. This is how you can nullify the effects of foreign government intervention, by leveling the playing field for US manufacturers.
Tariffs
One major industry that’s managed to continue being manufactured in the US despite significant foreign competition is cars. Notably, cars have a tariff, which incentivizes their manufacture in the US, even for foreign car makers. The tariff has acted as a way to offset foreign government subsidies and currency debasement.
The scope of this one industry for the US is huge. There are around 300,000 direct jobs in auto assembly within the US (USTR) and there are an additional 3 million jobs supplying these manufacturers within the US. But the benefits don’t end there. The US is also creating a lot of innovation around cars, such as self-driving and plug-in electric cars. There are many countries that would love to have this industry for themselves, but because of tariffs, auto manufacturing continues in the US.
And though tariffs are seen as a tax on consumers, US car prices are cheap relative to the rest of the world. What surprises a lot of people when they move from the US to other countries is finding out that the same car often costs more abroad (e.g. 25% tariffs keep U.S. prices 20% below Europe’s $40K average, 2024). The downside of tariffs pales next to the downsides of “free trade.”
Free Trade Doesn’t Work with Fiat Money
The sad reality is that while we would love for free trade to work in the ideal libertarian paradise, it won’t in our current fiat-based system. The subsidization by foreign governments to bankrupt US companies or to make them multinational, combined with the unfortunate reality of the US dollar being the world reserve currency, means that free trade guts the US of manufacturing. Tariffs are a reasonable way to protect US manufacturers, particularly smaller ones that can’t go multinational.
What’s more, tariffs make the US less fragile and less dependent on international supply chains. Many of the wars in the past 60 years have been waged because of the entanglements the US has with other countries due to the reliance on international supply chains. Lessening this dependency, if only to prevent a war, has clear value.
Lastly, labor has been devalued significantly by fiat monetary expansion, but at least some of that can be recovered if tariffs create more manufacturing, which in turn adds to the demand for labor. This should reduce the welfare state as more opportunities are made available and fewer unemployed people will be on the rolls.
Conclusion
Fiat money produces a welfare state, which makes open borders unworkable. Fiat money also gives foreign governments a potent economic weapon to use against US companies, and by extension the labor force that powers them. Though currency debasement and capital controls are available to other countries as a defense, for the US, neither of these tools is available due to the fact that the dollar is the world reserve currency. As such, tariffs are a reasonable defense against the fiat subsidization of foreign governments.
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@ 21335073:a244b1ad
2025-05-01 01:51:10Please respect Virginia Giuffre’s memory by refraining from asking about the circumstances or theories surrounding her passing.
Since Virginia Giuffre’s death, I’ve reflected on what she would want me to say or do. This piece is my attempt to honor her legacy.
When I first spoke with Virginia, I was struck by her unshakable hope. I had grown cynical after years in the anti-human trafficking movement, worn down by a broken system and a government that often seemed complicit. But Virginia’s passion, creativity, and belief that survivors could be heard reignited something in me. She reminded me of my younger, more hopeful self. Instead of warning her about the challenges ahead, I let her dream big, unburdened by my own disillusionment. That conversation changed me for the better, and following her lead led to meaningful progress.
Virginia was one of the bravest people I’ve ever known. As a survivor of Epstein, Maxwell, and their co-conspirators, she risked everything to speak out, taking on some of the world’s most powerful figures.
She loved when I said, “Epstein isn’t the only Epstein.” This wasn’t just about one man—it was a call to hold all abusers accountable and to ensure survivors find hope and healing.
The Epstein case often gets reduced to sensational details about the elite, but that misses the bigger picture. Yes, we should be holding all of the co-conspirators accountable, we must listen to the survivors’ stories. Their experiences reveal how predators exploit vulnerabilities, offering lessons to prevent future victims.
You’re not powerless in this fight. Educate yourself about trafficking and abuse—online and offline—and take steps to protect those around you. Supporting survivors starts with small, meaningful actions. Free online resources can guide you in being a safe, supportive presence.
When high-profile accusations arise, resist snap judgments. Instead of dismissing survivors as “crazy,” pause to consider the trauma they may be navigating. Speaking out or coping with abuse is never easy. You don’t have to believe every claim, but you can refrain from attacking accusers online.
Society also fails at providing aftercare for survivors. The government, often part of the problem, won’t solve this. It’s up to us. Prevention is critical, but when abuse occurs, step up for your loved ones and community. Protect the vulnerable. it’s a challenging but a rewarding journey.
If you’re contributing to Nostr, you’re helping build a censorship resistant platform where survivors can share their stories freely, no matter how powerful their abusers are. Their voices can endure here, offering strength and hope to others. This gives me great hope for the future.
Virginia Giuffre’s courage was a gift to the world. It was an honor to know and serve her. She will be deeply missed. My hope is that her story inspires others to take on the powerful.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:56:25Wild parrots tend to fly in flocks, but when kept as single pets, they may become lonely and bored https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHcAOlamgDc
Source: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-taught-pet-parrots-to-video-call-each-other-and-the-birds-loved-it-180982041/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973639
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:29:52Your device, your data. TRMNL's architecture prevents outsiders (including us) from accessing your local network. TRMNAL achieve this through 1 way communication between client and server, versus the other way around. Learn more.
Learn more at https://usetrmnl.com/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973632
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@ c3e23eb5:03d7caa9
2025-05-12 13:00:36The issue I have with the term "mesh networks" is that it is associated with a flat network topology. While I love the idea of avoiding hierarchy, this simply doesn't scale. Data Plane: How the Internet Scales
The internet on the scales because it has a tree like structure. As you can see in the diagram below, global (tier 1) ISPs branch out to national (tier 2) ISPs who in turn branch out to local (tier 3) ISPs.
``` ,-[ Tier 1 ISP (Global) ]─-───────[ Tier 1 ISP (Global) ] / |
/ ▼
[IXP (Global)]═══╦═══[IXP (Global)]
║
Tier 2 ISP (National)◄──────────╗
/ \ ║
▼ ▼ ║
[IXP (Regional)]════╬══[IXP (Regional)] ║
/ \ ║
▼ ▼ ║
Tier 3 ISP (Local) Tier 3 ISP (Local) ║
| | ║
▼ ▼ ▼
[User] [User] [Enterprise]▲ IXPs are physical switch fabrics - members peer directly ▲ Tier 1/2 ISPs provide transit through IXPs but don't control them ```
This structure also reflects in IP addresses, where regional traffic gets routed by regional tiers and global traffic keeps getting passed up through gateways till it reaches the root of the tree. The global ISP then routes the traffic into the correct branch so that it can trickle down to the destination IP at the bottom.
12.0.0.0/8 - Tier 1 manages routing (IANA-allocated) └─12.34.0.0/16 - Tier 2 allocated block (through RIR) └─12.34.56.0/24 - Tier 3 subnet via upstream provider ├─12.34.56.1 Public IP (CGNAT pool) └─192.168.1.1 Private IP (local NAT reuse)
Balancing idealism with pragmatism
This approach to scaling is much less idealistic than a flat hierarchy, because it relies on an authority (IANA) to assign the IP ranges to ISPs through Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). Even if this authority wasn't required, the fact that many users rely on few Tier 1 ISPs means that the system is inherently susceptible to sabotage (see 2019 BGP leak incident).
Control Plane: the internet is still described as decentralised
The internet is still described as decentralised because there is a flat hierarchy between
tier 1
ISPs at the root of the tree. ``` INTERNET CORE (Tier 1 ISPs)AT&T (AS7018) <══════════> Deutsche Telekom (AS3320) ║ ╔════════════════════╗ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚══>║ NTT (AS2914) ║<══╝ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚═══════> Lumen (AS3356) ║ ║ ╚════╩════════════> Telia (AS1299)
```
The border gateway protocol (BGP) is used to exchange routing information between autonomous systems (ISPs). Each autonomous system is a branch of the "internet tree" and each autonomous system advertises routes to downstream autonomous systems (branches). However, the autonomous systems at the root of the tree also maintain a record of their piers, so that they can forward traffic to the correct peer. Hence, the following is a more complete diagram of the internet: ```
INTERNET CORE (TIER 1 MESH) ╔══════════════╦═════════════╦════════╦═════════════╗ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ AT&T (AS7018) <══╬══> Lumen (AS3356) <══╬══> NTT (AS2914) ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ║ ╚══> Telia (AS1299) <══╝ ║ ║ ╚═══════════════════════════════╝ ║ ║ ╚═> Deutsche Telekom (AS3320) <═╝ ║ TREE HIERARCHY BELOW - MESH ABOVE ║ ▼ [ Tier 1 ISP ]───────────────────┐ / | | / ▼ ▼ [IXP]═══╦═══[IXP] [IXP] ║ ║ ▼ ▼ Tier 2 ISP◄──────────╗ Tier 2 ISP◄───────╗ / \ ║ / \ ║ ▼ ▼ ║ ▼ ▼ ║ [IXP]═╦[IXP] ║ [IXP]═╦[IXP] ║ / \ ║ / \ ║ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Tier 3 ISP User Tier 3 ISP Enterprise
```
So its a mesh network - whats wrong with that?
In the example above, NTT can only send traffic to Deutsche Telekom via Lumen or AT&T. NTT relies on its peers to maintain a correct record of the IP range that they are responsible for, so that traffic that was intended for Deutsche Telekom doesn't end up in the wrong network. An intentional or even accidental error in an autonomous system's routing tables can be detrimental to the flow of traffic through the network.
Hence, mesh networks require: * Reliability: peers rely on each-other not to fail (e.g., 2019 AWS US-East-1 availability) * Trust: peers must be honest about address ranges (e.g., 2018 BGP hijacking incident) * Central planning: BGP traffic engineering determines which route a packet takes
Application Layer Innovations
Now that we have a rough overview of how the internet is broken, lets think about what can still be done. The flat hierarchy that we associate with mesh networks sounds beautiful, but it doesn't scale. However, the tree-like structure assumes that most participants in the network rely on an authority to give them an address or a range of addresses so that they can communicate.
Overlay networks
Fortunately all it takes to interact with someone on nostr is their public key. The recipients client will render your signed and/or encrypted event no matter how it reaches them. Whether your note reaches them over the internet, over some other network or via a carrier pigeon doesn't matter. nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr is working on a NIP for that and I'm sure he will share an explanation of how it works.
Bitcoin Instead of a Routing Algorithm
Now that we have digital bearer assets (e-cash), users can pay their internet gateway (TollGate) for access to the internet even though they are still offline. Once the TollGate has redeemed the e-cash, it gives the user access to the internet.
Frictionless Switching between ISPs (TollGates)
Legacy internet service providers use KYC money (fiat) to transfer the cost of the infrastructure to their users. However, this means that they are able to identify which packet belongs to which user. The KYC nature of their interaction with the users also makes it difficult for users to switch ISPs when service providers undercut each-other. Internet users who are on e-cash rails can hop between ISPs frictionlessly since they buy small amounts of data frequently in a granular manner.
Users that have access to independent competing TollGates can switch between them freely, so its impossible for any one TollGate to prevent a user from connecting to the internet. The only thing a TollGate can do is attract traffic by providing cheaper and/or faster internet access.
Anyone can arbitrage connectivity
Now that users have non KYC internet, there is nothing stopping them from reselling access to their internet connection. Anyone who has a WiFi router and access to a cheap internet connection can act as a range extender by re-selling access to that gateway for people who aren't able to connect directly.
Now the route that the traffic takes through the network is determined dynamically by the markets. The individual TollGate operators select their gateways and set their prices when they create a business model. The customers select the route that best meets their needs by selecting a gateway for their next purchase.
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@ 8d34bd24:414be32b
2025-05-11 02:47:03What does it say about us that believers don’t listen as well as unbelievers? Let’s investigate some scripture verses and see what we can discover.
An Object Lesson:
Jesus warned His disciples several times that He would be killed and rise from the dead on the third day. Right after Jesus asked them who they thought He was and Peter replied that He was the Christ (Messiah), Jesus told them what would happen.
From that time Jesus began to show His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised up on the third day. (Matthew 16:21)
We know the disciples heard and understood what Jesus was saying because Peter immediately rebuked Jesus.
Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, “God forbid it, Lord! This shall never happen to You.” But He turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to Me; for you are not setting your mind on God’s interests, but man’s.” (Matthew 16:22-23)
You’d think that Peter would have this moment locked in his mind after being rebuked so harshly for questioning Jesus’s prediction of what would happen.
A while later, Jesus again told His disciples what was about to happen.
And while they were gathering together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men; and they will kill Him, and He will be raised on the third day.” And they were deeply grieved. (Matthew 17:22-23)
They again heard what was said because they were “deeply grieved.” They didn’t like what they heard.
Then a third time, as they were approaching Jerusalem, He made certain they knew what was coming:
As Jesus was about to go up to Jerusalem, He took the twelve disciples aside by themselves, and on the way He said to them, “Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem; and the Son of Man will be delivered to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn Him to death, and will hand Him over to the Gentiles to mock and scourge and crucify Him, and on the third day He will be raised up.” (Matthew 20:17-19)
The disciples should have known that Jesus’s crucifixion and death were not the end. He told them repeatedly that He would die and be raised from the dead on the third day. They should have been diligently waiting with expectation, but instead they immediately hid, gave up, and headed back to their old lives.
His female followers still cared enough to try to prepare Jesus’s body for burial, but even they did not expect Him to rise as He said.
The angel said to the women, “Do not be afraid; for I know that you are looking for Jesus who has been crucified. He is not here, for He has risen, just as He said. Come, see the place where He was lying. Go quickly and tell His disciples that He has risen from the dead; and behold, He is going ahead of you into Galilee, there you will see Him; behold, I have told you.” (Matthew 28:5-7) {emphasis mine}
Even when the woman came and told the disciples that they had seen Jesus as He had said, none believed them, although Peter and John did have a glimmer of hope and went to look for themselves.
In contrast, the Pharisees, the very people who hated Jesus so much that they fought to have Him crucified, remembered Jesus’s statements.
Now on the next day, the day after the preparation, the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered together with Pilate, and said, “Sir, we remember that when He was still alive that deceiver said, ‘After three days I am to rise again.’ Therefore, give orders for the grave to be made secure until the third day, otherwise His disciples may come and steal Him away and say to the people, ‘He has risen from the dead,’ and the last deception will be worse than the first.” Pilate said to them, “You have a guard; go, make it as secure as you know how.” And they went and made the grave secure, and along with the guard they set a seal on the stone. (Matthew 27:62-66) {emphasis mine}
The Pharisees acted in response to Jesus’s claims. The disciples ignored or forgot Jesus’s claims.
KNOW:
How often do we ignore or forget Jesus’s promises? How often do we despair when we should hold tightly to the promises given to us in the Bible? Are there times that our opponents, unbelievers, are better at quoting the Bible back at us than we are at using the Bible to defend the truth and our faith?
but sanctify Christ as Lord in your hearts, always being ready to make a defense to everyone who asks you to give an account for the hope that is in you, yet with gentleness and reverence (1 Peter 3:15)
We need to know God’s word so we can “give an account for the hope that is in” us. First we need to read the whole Bible. We can’t know who God is, what He has done, and what He commands for us without knowing God’s word.
After we have gotten the big picture by reading through the Bible once, we need to really get to know it well. This not only includes reading the Bible continually, but also include memorizing key verses, so we can bring them to remembrance when we need them.
Some people can repeat a verse multiple times and just know it. Some of us have trouble memorizing things. We have to go to extraordinary measures to memorize God’s word. Some techniques I have used:
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WHITEBOARD APPROACH:
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Write the verse on the white board.
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Read out loud.
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Erase one word. (You can underline where the word is if that helps you remember that a word goes there)
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Read out loud saying verse including missing word.
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Continue erasing words, one at a time, saying the verse until all of the words are gone.
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I haven’t used it personally, but Verse Locker was recommended by another substacker and seems to use a similar technique.
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MUSICAL VERSES:
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Make up a tune and sing the verse or put the verse to a tune you already know.
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If you aren’t good at making up songs, there are sites that have verses to songs, but I haven’t used them personally other than a few from Awana years ago.
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FIRST LETTER:
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Write down the first letter of each word of the verse you want to memorize This gives hints and helps you not accidentally miss words.
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I’ve also made a necklace (it was supposed to be a bracelet, but the verse, 1 Peter 3:15 above, I picked was too long) made of beads with the letters of the words of the verse. By wearing it, you have a reminder to memorize and rememorize the verse till it sticks stronger.
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This is my version of 1 Peter 3:15
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APPS:
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There are multiple apps that can help you memorize verses. 5 Best Bible Memory Apps for 2025
We are all different and have different learning styles. Pick the version that works best for you, but be intentional. For so long I wasn’t. Having a child with Down Syndrome in Awana who needed help led me to finding ways to help him and me to memorize the hundreds (or thousands) of verses that are required to finish the program. Keep in mind that you need to keep reviewing them or the memories will fade. The more times you memorize the verse, the longer it will stick with you. You just never know when you will need a Scripture verse and you may not have your Bible or phone (with Bible app) handy.
APPLY:
Knowing the Bible is critical for the Christian life, but knowing the Bible and God’s commands is not enough. We have to live according to this knowledge. We have to apply it in our lives. It needs to change the way we view the world and change the way we live our lives and interact with others.
for it is not the hearers of the Law who are just before God, but the doers of the Law will be justified. (Romans 2:13) {emphasis mine}
Our faith needs to be exhibited through action.
But someone may well say, “You have faith and I have works; show me your faith without the works, and I will show you my faith by my works.” (James 2:18) {emphasis mine}
There is nothing we need to do to be saved besides believe, but if we have saving faith, we should desire God’s word like the author of Psalm 119. Our lives should also change to be conformed to Jesus.
And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what the will of God is, that which is good and acceptable and perfect. (Romans 12:12) {emphasis mine}
There must be works as evidence of our faith.
You believe that God is one. You do well; the demons also believe, and shudder. But are you willing to recognize, you foolish fellow, that faith without works is useless? Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar? You see that faith was working with his works, and as a result of the works, faith was perfected; (James 2:19-22) {emphasis mine}
The disciples heard Jesus tell them what was going to happen to Him. They knew what He had said because they reacted to it negatively. The problem was they didn’t believe it and didn’t live according to Jesus’s plain words. As important as it is to read and understand the Bible, none of that matters if we don’t believe it and live it.
But I Can’t Do It Myself:
Jesus knew that we could not know and do what we were commanded to know and do, at least not in our own power.
Then He opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, and He said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ would suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, and that repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. You are witnesses of these things. And behold, I am sending forth the promise of My Father upon you; but you are to stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.” (Luke 24:45-49)
Jesus not only sent the disciples (and all believers) out into the world to tell of what He has done for us, but He told the disciples to “stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.” Jesus told them to wait until they had received the Holy Spirit to guide and empower them in the work He had designed them to complete. We also have the Holy Spirit to change our hearts and minds, so we can fulfill the commandments and plans He has for us.
I’m sorry if this post had a little too much overlap with my last post, but knowing God’s word has become a passion of mine and it is where I felt led to go.
May the God of Heaven give you a hunger for His word, help you to understand His word, believe His word, and live His word. May your understanding of the word of God guide you in everything you think, speak, and do. May you never doubt God’s word or discount God’s word because it isn’t according to your preference. God bless you and keep you.
Trust Jesus.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:16:30Here’s Sean Voisen writing about how programming is a feeling:
For those of us who enjoy programming, there is a deep satisfaction that comes from solving problems through well-written code, a kind of ineffable joy found in the elegant expression of a system through our favorite syntax. It is akin to the same satisfaction a craftsperson might find at the end of the day after toiling away on well-made piece of furniture, the culmination of small dopamine hits that come from sweating the details on something and getting them just right. Maybe nobody will notice those details, but it doesn’t matter. We care, we notice, we get joy from the aesthetics of the craft.
This got me thinking about the idea of satisfaction in craft. Where does it come from?
Continue Reading https://blog.jim-nielsen.com/2025/craft-and-satisfaction/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973628
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@ f0c7506b:9ead75b8
2024-12-08 09:05:13Yalnızca güçlü olanların hakkıdır yaşamak.
Güçlü olan ileri gider ve saflar seyrekleşir. Ama üç beş büyük, güçlü ve tanrısal kişi güneşli ve aydınlık gözleriyle o yeni, o vaat edilmiş ülkeye ulaşacaktır. Belki binlerce yıl sonra ancak. Ve güçlü, adaleli, hükmetmek için yaratılmış elleriyle hastaların, zayıfların ve sakatların ölüleri üzerinde bir krallık kuracaklardır. Bir krallık!
Benim aradığım insanların kendileri değil, sesleridir.
Duyguları körelmiş, çeşitli düşüncelere saplanmış kalabalık hiçbir zaman ilerlemenin taşıyıcısı olamaz, kendi küçüklüğünün o küflü içgüdüsüyle kalabalığın kin ve nefretle baktığı bir kişi, bir büyük kişi, iradesinin gösterdiği yolda kimsenin gözünün yaşına bakmaksızın ilahi bir güç ve bir zafer gülümsemesiyle yürüyebilir ancak.
Bizim soyumuz da sonsuz oluşum piramidinin doruk noktasını oluşturmaktan uzaktır. Bizler de mükemmelliğe ulaşmış değiliz. Bizler de henüz olgunlaşmadık.
Şairler sevgiye övgüler döşenir; doğrusu sevginin güçlü bir şey olduğu kesin. Hüneşin bir ışınıdır sevgi, aydınlatıp nurlandırır insanı der bazıları; bazıları da insanı esrikliğe sürükleyen bir zehri kendisinde barındırdığını söyler. Gerçekten de yol açtığı sonuçlar, bir hekimin ağır bir ameliyattan önce korkudan titreyen hastaya teneffüs ettirdiği güldürücü gazınkine benzer, içinde tepinip duran acıyı unutturur hastaya.
Önemli olan, hayatta hiç değilse bir kez kutsal bir ilkbaharın yaşanmasıdır; öyle bir bahar ki, insanın gönlünü ilerideki bütün günleri altın yaldızla kaplamaya yetecek kadar ışık ve parıltıyla doldursun.
Şu hayat denen şey kötü bir işçiliğin ürünü, acemilere göre bir şey. Bu kepaze yaşam uğruna insan nelere katlanmıyor ki!
Kendisine sadakatten ayrılmadığı, yalnızca kendisinin olan bir tek bu var: Yalnızlığı.
Sahildeki üstü tenteli hasır koltuklar arkasındaki yüksek, sessiz kum tepeleri içinde yürürsen, tenteler altındaki insanları göremezsin; ama birinin bir diğerine seslendiğini, bir başkasının gevezelik ettiğini, bir ötekinin güldüğünü işitir ve anlarsın hemen: bu insan şöyle şöyle biridir diyebilirsin. Onun hayatı sevdiğini, bağrında büyük bir özlem ya da acı barındırdığını, bu acının da sesini ağlamaklı kıldığını her gülüşünde hissedersin.
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@ c48e29f0:26e14c11
2025-03-07 04:51:09ESTABLISHMENT OF THE STRATEGIC BITCOIN RESERVE AND UNITED STATES DIGITAL ASSET STOCKPILE EXECUTIVE ORDER March 6, 2025
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:
Section 1. Background.
Bitcoin is the original cryptocurrency. The Bitcoin protocol permanently caps the total supply of bitcoin (BTC) at 21 million coins, and has never been hacked. As a result of its scarcity and security, Bitcoin is often referred to as “digital gold”. Because there is a fixed supply of BTC, there is a strategic advantage to being among the first nations to create a strategic bitcoin reserve. The United States Government currently holds a significant amount of BTC, but has not implemented a policy to maximize BTC’s strategic position as a unique store of value in the global financial system. Just as it is in our country’s interest to thoughtfully manage national ownership and control of any other resource, our Nation must harness, not limit, the power of digital assets for our prosperity.
Sec. 2. Policy.
It is the policy of the United States to establish a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. It is further the policy of the United States to establish a United States Digital Asset Stockpile that can serve as a secure account for orderly and strategic management of the United States’ other digital asset holdings.
Sec. 3. Creation and Administration of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile.
(a) The Secretary of the Treasury shall establish an office to administer and maintain control of custodial accounts collectively known as the “Strategic Bitcoin Reserve,” capitalized with all BTC held by the Department of the Treasury that was finally forfeited as part of criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings or in satisfaction of any civil money penalty imposed by any executive department or agency (agency) and that is not needed to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705 or released pursuant to subsection (d) of this section (Government BTC). Within 30 days of the date of this order, each agency shall review its authorities to transfer any Government BTC held by it to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and shall submit a report reflecting the result of that review to the Secretary of the Treasury. Government BTC deposited into the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve shall not be sold and shall be maintained as reserve assets of the United States utilized to meet governmental objectives in accordance with applicable law.
(b) The Secretary of the Treasury shall establish an office to administer and maintain control of custodial accounts collectively known as the “United States Digital Asset Stockpile,” capitalized with all digital assets owned by the Department of the Treasury, other than BTC, that were finally forfeited as part of criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings and that are not needed to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705 or released pursuant to subsection (d) of this section (Stockpile Assets). Within 30 days of the date of this order, each agency shall review its authorities to transfer any Stockpile Assets held by it to the United States Digital Asset Stockpile and shall submit a report reflecting the result of that review to the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury shall determine strategies for responsible stewardship of the United States Digital Asset Stockpile in accordance with applicable law.
(c) The Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce shall develop strategies for acquiring additional Government BTC provided that such strategies are budget neutral and do not impose incremental costs on United States taxpayers. However, the United States Government shall not acquire additional Stockpile Assets other than in connection with criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings or in satisfaction of any civil money penalty imposed by any agency without further executive or legislative action.
(d) “Government Digital Assets” means all Government BTC and all Stockpile Assets. The head of each agency shall not sell or otherwise dispose of any Government Digital Assets, except in connection with the Secretary of the Treasury’s exercise of his lawful authority and responsible stewardship of the United States Digital Asset Stockpile pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, or pursuant to an order from a court of competent jurisdiction, as required by law, or in cases where the Attorney General or other relevant agency head determines that the Government Digital Assets (or the proceeds from the sale or disposition thereof) can and should: (i) be returned to identifiable and verifiable victims of crime; (ii) be used for law enforcement operations;
(iii) be equitably shared with State and local law enforcement partners; or (iv) be released to satisfy requirements under 31 U.S.C. 9705, 28 U.S.C. 524(c), 18 U.S.C. 981, or 21 U.S.C. 881.(e) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of the Treasury shall deliver an evaluation of the legal and investment considerations for establishing and managing the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile going forward, including the accounts in which the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile should be located and the need for any legislation to operationalize any aspect of this order or the proper management and administration of such accounts.
Sec. 4. Accounting.
Within 30 days of the date of this order, the head of each agency shall provide the Secretary of the Treasury and the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets with a full accounting of all Government Digital Assets in such agency’s possession, including any information regarding the custodial accounts in which such Government Digital Assets are currently held that would be necessary to facilitate a transfer of the Government Digital Assets to the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve or the United States Digital Asset Stockpile. If such agency holds no Government Digital Assets, such agency shall confirm such fact to the Secretary of the Treasury and the President’s Working Group on Digital Asset Markets within 30 days of the date of this order.
Sec. 5. General Provisions.
(a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect: (i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or (ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
THE WHITE HOUSE, March 6, 2025
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@ b099870e:f3ba8f5d
2025-05-12 12:37:43The hustler's every waking hour is lived with both the practical and the subconscious knowledge that if he ever relaxes, if he ever slows down,the other hungry, restless foxes,ferrets, wolves and vultures out there with him won't hesitate to make him their prey.
Quote in The 50th Law that I'm currently reading
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@ f4db5270:3c74e0d0
2023-07-25 09:32:27"Barche a riposo" (2023)
40x40 cm, oil on panel canvas
Here a few moments work in progress...
L'inizio...
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 20:50:05„Ova mašina ozelenjava“, koji predstavlja Swan Bitcoin, je dokumentarac koji istražuje složen i nijansiran odnos između Bitkoina i energije. Producent filma je Enrike Pozner, dok je režiser nagrađivani britanski filmski stvaralac Džejmi King čija je serija „Ukradi ovaj film“ (2006–2010) bila jedan od najpreuzimanijih dokumentaraca svih vremena.
U filmu „Ova mašina ozelenjava“ učestvuje glavna ekonomska savetnica Swan-a Lin Alden zajedno sa Aleksom Gladstajnom, Nikom Karterom i mnogim drugima. „Ova mašina ozelenjava“ razbija mnoge zablude o rudarenju Bitkoina i iznosi ubedljive argumente za Bitkoin kao neto-pozitivan faktor za životnu sredinu.
Prevod: bitcoin-balkan.com
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@ e31e84c4:77bbabc0
2024-12-02 10:44:07Bitcoin and Fixed Income was Written By Wyatt O’Rourke. If you enjoyed this article then support his writing, directly, by donating to his lightning wallet: ultrahusky3@primal.net
Fiduciary duty is the obligation to act in the client’s best interests at all times, prioritizing their needs above the advisor’s own, ensuring honesty, transparency, and avoiding conflicts of interest in all recommendations and actions.
This is something all advisors in the BFAN take very seriously; after all, we are legally required to do so. For the average advisor this is a fairly easy box to check. All you essentially have to do is have someone take a 5-minute risk assessment, fill out an investment policy statement, and then throw them in the proverbial 60/40 portfolio. You have thousands of investment options to choose from and you can reasonably explain how your client is theoretically insulated from any move in the \~markets\~. From the traditional financial advisor perspective, you could justify nearly anything by putting a client into this type of portfolio. All your bases were pretty much covered from return profile, regulatory, compliance, investment options, etc. It was just too easy. It became the household standard and now a meme.
As almost every real bitcoiner knows, the 60/40 portfolio is moving into psyop territory, and many financial advisors get clowned on for defending this relic on bitcoin twitter. I’m going to specifically poke fun at the ‘40’ part of this portfolio.
The ‘40’ represents fixed income, defined as…
An investment type that provides regular, set interest payments, such as bonds or treasury securities, and returns the principal at maturity. It’s generally considered a lower-risk asset class, used to generate stable income and preserve capital.
Historically, this part of the portfolio was meant to weather the volatility in the equity markets and represent the “safe” investments. Typically, some sort of bond.
First and foremost, the fixed income section is most commonly constructed with U.S. Debt. There are a couple main reasons for this. Most financial professionals believe the same fairy tale that U.S. Debt is “risk free” (lol). U.S. debt is also one of the largest and most liquid assets in the market which comes with a lot of benefits.
There are many brilliant bitcoiners in finance and economics that have sounded the alarm on the U.S. debt ticking time bomb. I highly recommend readers explore the work of Greg Foss, Lawrence Lepard, Lyn Alden, and Saifedean Ammous. My very high-level recap of their analysis:
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A bond is a contract in which Party A (the borrower) agrees to repay Party B (the lender) their principal plus interest over time.
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The U.S. government issues bonds (Treasury securities) to finance its operations after tax revenues have been exhausted.
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These are traditionally viewed as “risk-free” due to the government’s historical reliability in repaying its debts and the strength of the U.S. economy
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U.S. bonds are seen as safe because the government has control over the dollar (world reserve asset) and, until recently (20 some odd years), enjoyed broad confidence that it would always honor its debts.
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This perception has contributed to high global demand for U.S. debt but, that is quickly deteriorating.
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The current debt situation raises concerns about sustainability.
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The U.S. has substantial obligations, and without sufficient productivity growth, increasing debt may lead to a cycle where borrowing to cover interest leads to more debt.
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This could result in more reliance on money creation (printing), which can drive inflation and further debt burdens.
In the words of Lyn Alden “Nothing stops this train”
Those obligations are what makes up the 40% of most the fixed income in your portfolio. So essentially you are giving money to one of the worst capital allocators in the world (U.S. Gov’t) and getting paid back with printed money.
As someone who takes their fiduciary responsibility seriously and understands the debt situation we just reviewed, I think it’s borderline negligent to put someone into a classic 60% (equities) / 40% (fixed income) portfolio without serious scrutiny of the client’s financial situation and options available to them. I certainly have my qualms with equities at times, but overall, they are more palatable than the fixed income portion of the portfolio. I don’t like it either, but the money is broken and the unit of account for nearly every equity or fixed income instrument (USD) is fraudulent. It’s a paper mache fade that is quite literally propped up by the money printer.
To briefly be as most charitable as I can – It wasn’t always this way. The U.S. Dollar used to be sound money, we used to have government surplus instead of mathematically certain deficits, The U.S. Federal Government didn’t used to have a money printing addiction, and pre-bitcoin the 60/40 portfolio used to be a quality portfolio management strategy. Those times are gone.
Now the fun part. How does bitcoin fix this?
Bitcoin fixes this indirectly. Understanding investment criteria changes via risk tolerance, age, goals, etc. A client may still have a need for “fixed income” in the most literal definition – Low risk yield. Now you may be thinking that yield is a bad word in bitcoin land, you’re not wrong, so stay with me. Perpetual motion machine crypto yield is fake and largely where many crypto scams originate. However, that doesn’t mean yield in the classic finance sense does not exist in bitcoin, it very literally does. Fortunately for us bitcoiners there are many other smart, driven, and enterprising bitcoiners that understand this problem and are doing something to address it. These individuals are pioneering new possibilities in bitcoin and finance, specifically when it comes to fixed income.
Here are some new developments –
Private Credit Funds – The Build Asset Management Secured Income Fund I is a private credit fund created by Build Asset Management. This fund primarily invests in bitcoin-backed, collateralized business loans originated by Unchained, with a secured structure involving a multi-signature, over-collateralized setup for risk management. Unchained originates loans and sells them to Build, which pools them into the fund, enabling investors to share in the interest income.
Dynamics
- Loan Terms: Unchained issues loans at interest rates around 14%, secured with a 2/3 multi-signature vault backed by a 40% loan-to-value (LTV) ratio.
- Fund Mechanics: Build buys these loans from Unchained, thus providing liquidity to Unchained for further loan originations, while Build manages interest payments to investors in the fund.
Pros
- The fund offers a unique way to earn income via bitcoin-collateralized debt, with protection against rehypothecation and strong security measures, making it attractive for investors seeking exposure to fixed income with bitcoin.
Cons
- The fund is only available to accredited investors, which is a regulatory standard for private credit funds like this.
Corporate Bonds – MicroStrategy Inc. (MSTR), a business intelligence company, has leveraged its corporate structure to issue bonds specifically to acquire bitcoin as a reserve asset. This approach allows investors to indirectly gain exposure to bitcoin’s potential upside while receiving interest payments on their bond investments. Some other publicly traded companies have also adopted this strategy, but for the sake of this article we will focus on MSTR as they are the biggest and most vocal issuer.
Dynamics
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Issuance: MicroStrategy has issued senior secured notes in multiple offerings, with terms allowing the company to use the proceeds to purchase bitcoin.
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Interest Rates: The bonds typically carry high-yield interest rates, averaging around 6-8% APR, depending on the specific issuance and market conditions at the time of issuance.
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Maturity: The bonds have varying maturities, with most structured for multi-year terms, offering investors medium-term exposure to bitcoin’s value trajectory through MicroStrategy’s holdings.
Pros
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Indirect Bitcoin exposure with income provides a unique opportunity for investors seeking income from bitcoin-backed debt.
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Bonds issued by MicroStrategy offer relatively high interest rates, appealing for fixed-income investors attracted to the higher risk/reward scenarios.
Cons
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There are credit risks tied to MicroStrategy’s financial health and bitcoin’s performance. A significant drop in bitcoin prices could strain the company’s ability to service debt, increasing credit risk.
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Availability: These bonds are primarily accessible to institutional investors and accredited investors, limiting availability for retail investors.
Interest Payable in Bitcoin – River has introduced an innovative product, bitcoin Interest on Cash, allowing clients to earn interest on their U.S. dollar deposits, with the interest paid in bitcoin.
Dynamics
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Interest Payment: Clients earn an annual interest rate of 3.8% on their cash deposits. The accrued interest is converted to Bitcoin daily and paid out monthly, enabling clients to accumulate Bitcoin over time.
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Security and Accessibility: Cash deposits are insured up to $250,000 through River’s banking partner, Lead Bank, a member of the FDIC. All Bitcoin holdings are maintained in full reserve custody, ensuring that client assets are not lent or leveraged.
Pros
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There are no hidden fees or minimum balance requirements, and clients can withdraw their cash at any time.
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The 3.8% interest rate provides a predictable income stream, akin to traditional fixed-income investments.
Cons
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While the interest rate is fixed, the value of the Bitcoin received as interest can fluctuate, introducing potential variability in the investment’s overall return.
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Interest rate payments are on the lower side
Admittedly, this is a very small list, however, these types of investments are growing more numerous and meaningful. The reality is the existing options aren’t numerous enough to service every client that has a need for fixed income exposure. I challenge advisors to explore innovative options for fixed income exposure outside of sovereign debt, as that is most certainly a road to nowhere. It is my wholehearted belief and call to action that we need more options to help clients across the risk and capital allocation spectrum access a sound money standard.
Additional Resources
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River: The future of saving is here: Earn 3.8% on cash. Paid in Bitcoin.
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MicroStrategy: MicroStrategy Announces Pricing of Offering of Convertible Senior Notes
Bitcoin and Fixed Income was Written By Wyatt O’Rourke. If you enjoyed this article then support his writing, directly, by donating to his lightning wallet: ultrahusky3@primal.net
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@ a008def1:57a3564d
2025-04-30 17:52:11A Vision for #GitViaNostr
Git has long been the standard for version control in software development, but over time, we has lost its distributed nature. Originally, Git used open, permissionless email for collaboration, which worked well at scale. However, the rise of GitHub and its centralized pull request (PR) model has shifted the landscape.
Now, we have the opportunity to revive Git's permissionless and distributed nature through Nostr!
We’ve developed tools to facilitate Git collaboration via Nostr, but there are still significant friction that prevents widespread adoption. This article outlines a vision for how we can reduce those barriers and encourage more repositories to embrace this approach.
First, we’ll review our progress so far. Then, we’ll propose a guiding philosophy for our next steps. Finally, we’ll discuss a vision to tackle specific challenges, mainly relating to the role of the Git server and CI/CD.
I am the lead maintainer of ngit and gitworkshop.dev, and I’ve been fortunate to work full-time on this initiative for the past two years, thanks to an OpenSats grant.
How Far We’ve Come
The aim of #GitViaNostr is to liberate discussions around code collaboration from permissioned walled gardens. At the core of this collaboration is the process of proposing and applying changes. That's what we focused on first.
Since Nostr shares characteristics with email, and with NIP34, we’ve adopted similar primitives to those used in the patches-over-email workflow. This is because of their simplicity and that they don’t require contributors to host anything, which adds reliability and makes participation more accessible.
However, the fork-branch-PR-merge workflow is the only model many developers have known, and changing established workflows can be challenging. To address this, we developed a new workflow that balances familiarity, user experience, and alignment with the Nostr protocol: the branch-PR-merge model.
This model is implemented in ngit, which includes a Git plugin that allows users to engage without needing to learn new commands. Additionally, gitworkshop.dev offers a GitHub-like interface for interacting with PRs and issues. We encourage you to try them out using the quick start guide and share your feedback. You can also explore PRs and issues with gitplaza.
For those who prefer the patches-over-email workflow, you can still use that approach with Nostr through gitstr or the
ngit send
andngit list
commands, and explore patches with patch34.The tools are now available to support the core collaboration challenge, but we are still at the beginning of the adoption curve.
Before we dive into the challenges—such as why the Git server setup can be jarring and the possibilities surrounding CI/CD—let’s take a moment to reflect on how we should approach the challenges ahead of us.
Philosophy
Here are some foundational principles I shared a few years ago:
- Let Git be Git
- Let Nostr be Nostr
- Learn from the successes of others
I’d like to add one more:
- Embrace anarchy and resist monolithic development.
Micro Clients FTW
Nostr celebrates simplicity, and we should strive to maintain that. Monolithic developments often lead to unnecessary complexity. Projects like gitworkshop.dev, which aim to cover various aspects of the code collaboration experience, should not stifle innovation.
Just yesterday, the launch of following.space demonstrated how vibe-coded micro clients can make a significant impact. They can be valuable on their own, shape the ecosystem, and help push large and widely used clients to implement features and ideas.
The primitives in NIP34 are straightforward, and if there are any barriers preventing the vibe-coding of a #GitViaNostr app in an afternoon, we should work to eliminate them.
Micro clients should lead the way and explore new workflows, experiences, and models of thinking.
Take kanbanstr.com. It provides excellent project management and organization features that work seamlessly with NIP34 primitives.
From kanban to code snippets, from CI/CD runners to SatShoot—may a thousand flowers bloom, and a thousand more after them.
Friction and Challenges
The Git Server
In #GitViaNostr, maintainers' branches (e.g.,
master
) are hosted on a Git server. Here’s why this approach is beneficial:- Follows the original Git vision and the "let Git be Git" philosophy.
- Super efficient, battle-tested, and compatible with all the ways people use Git (e.g., LFS, shallow cloning).
- Maintains compatibility with related systems without the need for plugins (e.g., for build and deployment).
- Only repository maintainers need write access.
In the original Git model, all users would need to add the Git server as a 'git remote.' However, with ngit, the Git server is hidden behind a Nostr remote, which enables:
- Hiding complexity from contributors and users, so that only maintainers need to know about the Git server component to start using #GitViaNostr.
- Maintainers can easily swap Git servers by updating their announcement event, allowing contributors/users using ngit to automatically switch to the new one.
Challenges with the Git Server
While the Git server model has its advantages, it also presents several challenges:
- Initial Setup: When creating a new repository, maintainers must select a Git server, which can be a jarring experience. Most options come with bloated social collaboration features tied to a centralized PR model, often difficult or impossible to disable.
-
Manual Configuration: New repositories require manual configuration, including adding new maintainers through a browser UI, which can be cumbersome and time-consuming.
-
User Onboarding: Many Git servers require email sign-up or KYC (Know Your Customer) processes, which can be a significant turn-off for new users exploring a decentralized and permissionless alternative to GitHub.
Once the initial setup is complete, the system works well if a reliable Git server is chosen. However, this is a significant "if," as we have become accustomed to the excellent uptime and reliability of GitHub. Even professionally run alternatives like Codeberg can experience downtime, which is frustrating when CI/CD and deployment processes are affected. This problem is exacerbated when self-hosting.
Currently, most repositories on Nostr rely on GitHub as the Git server. While maintainers can change servers without disrupting their contributors, this reliance on a centralized service is not the decentralized dream we aspire to achieve.
Vision for the Git Server
The goal is to transform the Git server from a single point of truth and failure into a component similar to a Nostr relay.
Functionality Already in ngit to Support This
-
State on Nostr: Store the state of branches and tags in a Nostr event, removing reliance on a single server. This validates that the data received has been signed by the maintainer, significantly reducing the trust requirement.
-
Proxy to Multiple Git Servers: Proxy requests to all servers listed in the announcement event, adding redundancy and eliminating the need for any one server to match GitHub's reliability.
Implementation Requirements
To achieve this vision, the Nostr Git server implementation should:
-
Implement the Git Smart HTTP Protocol without authentication (no SSH) and only accept pushes if the reference tip matches the latest state event.
-
Avoid Bloat: There should be no user authentication, no database, no web UI, and no unnecessary features.
-
Automatic Repository Management: Accept or reject new repositories automatically upon the first push based on the content of the repository announcement event referenced in the URL path and its author.
Just as there are many free, paid, and self-hosted relays, there will be a variety of free, zero-step signup options, as well as self-hosted and paid solutions.
Some servers may use a Web of Trust (WoT) to filter out spam, while others might impose bandwidth or repository size limits for free tiers or whitelist specific npubs.
Additionally, some implementations could bundle relay and blossom server functionalities to unify the provision of repository data into a single service. These would likely only accept content related to the stored repositories rather than general social nostr content.
The potential role of CI / CD via nostr DVMs could create the incentives for a market of highly reliable free at the point of use git servers.
This could make onboarding #GitViaNostr repositories as easy as entering a name and selecting from a multi-select list of Git server providers that announce via NIP89.
!(image)[https://image.nostr.build/badedc822995eb18b6d3c4bff0743b12b2e5ac018845ba498ce4aab0727caf6c.jpg]
Git Client in the Browser
Currently, many tasks are performed on a Git server web UI, such as:
- Browsing code, commits, branches, tags, etc.
- Creating and displaying permalinks to specific lines in commits.
- Merging PRs.
- Making small commits and PRs on-the-fly.
Just as nobody goes to the web UI of a relay (e.g., nos.lol) to interact with notes, nobody should need to go to a Git server to interact with repositories. We use the Nostr protocol to interact with Nostr relays, and we should use the Git protocol to interact with Git servers. This situation has evolved due to the centralization of Git servers. Instead of being restricted to the view and experience designed by the server operator, users should be able to choose the user experience that works best for them from a range of clients. To facilitate this, we need a library that lowers the barrier to entry for creating these experiences. This library should not require a full clone of every repository and should not depend on proprietary APIs. As a starting point, I propose wrapping the WASM-compiled gitlib2 library for the web and creating useful functions, such as showing a file, which utilizes clever flags to minimize bandwidth usage (e.g., shallow clone, noblob, etc.).
This approach would not only enhance clients like gitworkshop.dev but also bring forth a vision where Git servers simply run the Git protocol, making vibe coding Git experiences even better.
song
nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 created song with a complementary vision that has shaped how I see the role of the git server. Its a self-hosted, nostr-permissioned git server with a relay baked in. Its currently a WIP and there are some compatability with ngit that we need to work out.
We collaborated on the nostr-permissioning approach now reflected in nip34.
I'm really excited to see how this space evolves.
CI/CD
Most projects require CI/CD, and while this is often bundled with Git hosting solutions, it is currently not smoothly integrated into #GitViaNostr yet. There are many loosely coupled options, such as Jenkins, Travis, CircleCI, etc., that could be integrated with Nostr.
However, the more exciting prospect is to use DVMs (Data Vending Machines).
DVMs for CI/CD
Nostr Data Vending Machines (DVMs) can provide a marketplace of CI/CD task runners with Cashu for micro payments.
There are various trust levels in CI/CD tasks:
- Tasks with no secrets eg. tests.
- Tasks using updatable secrets eg. API keys.
- Unverifiable builds and steps that sign with Android, Nostr, or PGP keys.
DVMs allow tasks to be kicked off with specific providers using a Cashu token as payment.
It might be suitable for some high-compute and easily verifiable tasks to be run by the cheapest available providers. Medium trust tasks could be run by providers with a good reputation, while high trust tasks could be run on self-hosted runners.
Job requests, status, and results all get published to Nostr for display in Git-focused Nostr clients.
Jobs could be triggered manually, or self-hosted runners could be configured to watch a Nostr repository and kick off jobs using their own runners without payment.
But I'm most excited about the prospect of Watcher Agents.
CI/CD Watcher Agents
AI agents empowered with a NIP60 Cashu wallet can run tasks based on activity, such as a push to master or a new PR, using the most suitable available DVM runner that meets the user's criteria. To keep them running, anyone could top up their NIP60 Cashu wallet; otherwise, the watcher turns off when the funds run out. It could be users, maintainers, or anyone interested in helping the project who could top up the Watcher Agent's balance.
As aluded to earlier, part of building a reputation as a CI/CD provider could involve running reliable hosting (Git server, relay, and blossom server) for all FOSS Nostr Git repositories.
This provides a sustainable revenue model for hosting providers and creates incentives for many free-at-the-point-of-use hosting providers. This, in turn, would allow one-click Nostr repository creation workflows, instantly hosted by many different providers.
Progress to Date
nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr and nostr:npub16ux4qzg4qjue95vr3q327fzata4n594c9kgh4jmeyn80v8k54nhqg6lra7 have been working on a runner that uses GitHub Actions YAML syntax (using act) for the dvm-cicd-runner and takes Cashu payment. You can see example runs on GitWorkshop. It currently takes testnuts, doesn't give any change, and the schema will likely change.
Note: The actions tab on GitWorkshop is currently available on all repositories if you turn on experimental mode (under settings in the user menu).
It's a work in progress, and we expect the format and schema to evolve.
Easy Web App Deployment
For those disapointed not to find a 'Nostr' button to import a git repository to Vercel menu: take heart, they made it easy. vercel.com_import_options.png there is a vercel cli that can be easily called in CI / CD jobs to kick of deployments. Not all managed solutions for web app deployment (eg. netlify) make it that easy.
Many More Opportunities
Large Patches via Blossom
I would be remiss not to mention the large patch problem. Some patches are too big to fit into Nostr events. Blossom is perfect for this, as it allows these larger patches to be included in a blossom file and referenced in a new patch kind.
Enhancing the #GitViaNostr Experience
Beyond the large patch issue, there are numerous opportunities to enhance the #GitViaNostr ecosystem. We can focus on improving browsing, discovery, social and notifications. Receiving notifications on daily driver Nostr apps is one of the killer features of Nostr. However, we must ensure that Git-related notifications are easily reviewable, so we don’t miss any critical updates.
We need to develop tools that cater to our curiosity—tools that enable us to discover and follow projects, engage in discussions that pique our interest, and stay informed about developments relevant to our work.
Additionally, we should not overlook the importance of robust search capabilities and tools that facilitate migrations.
Concluding Thoughts
The design space is vast. Its an exciting time to be working on freedom tech. I encourage everyone to contribute their ideas and creativity and get vibe-coding!
I welcome your honest feedback on this vision and any suggestions you might have. Your insights are invaluable as we collaborate to shape the future of #GitViaNostr. Onward.
Contributions
To conclude, I want to acknowledge some the individuals who have made recent code contributions related to #GitViaNostr:
nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 (gitstr, song, patch34), nostr:npub1useke4f9maul5nf67dj0m9sq6jcsmnjzzk4ycvldwl4qss35fvgqjdk5ks (gitplaza)
nostr:npub1elta7cneng3w8p9y4dw633qzdjr4kyvaparuyuttyrx6e8xp7xnq32cume (ngit contributions, git-remote-blossom),nostr:npub16p8v7varqwjes5hak6q7mz6pygqm4pwc6gve4mrned3xs8tz42gq7kfhdw (SatShoot, Flotilla-Budabit), nostr:npub1ehhfg09mr8z34wz85ek46a6rww4f7c7jsujxhdvmpqnl5hnrwsqq2szjqv (Flotilla-Budabit, Nostr Git Extension), nostr:npub1ahaz04ya9tehace3uy39hdhdryfvdkve9qdndkqp3tvehs6h8s5slq45hy (gnostr and experiments), and others.
nostr:npub1uplxcy63up7gx7cladkrvfqh834n7ylyp46l3e8t660l7peec8rsd2sfek (git-remote-nostr)
Project Management nostr:npub1ltx67888tz7lqnxlrg06x234vjnq349tcfyp52r0lstclp548mcqnuz40t (kanbanstr) Code Snippets nostr:npub1ygzj9skr9val9yqxkf67yf9jshtyhvvl0x76jp5er09nsc0p3j6qr260k2 (nodebin.io) nostr:npub1r0rs5q2gk0e3dk3nlc7gnu378ec6cnlenqp8a3cjhyzu6f8k5sgs4sq9ac (snipsnip.dev)
CI / CD nostr:npub16ux4qzg4qjue95vr3q327fzata4n594c9kgh4jmeyn80v8k54nhqg6lra7 nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr
and for their nostr:npub1c03rad0r6q833vh57kyd3ndu2jry30nkr0wepqfpsm05vq7he25slryrnw nostr:npub1qqqqqq2stely3ynsgm5mh2nj3v0nk5gjyl3zqrzh34hxhvx806usxmln03 and nostr:npub1l5sga6xg72phsz5422ykujprejwud075ggrr3z2hwyrfgr7eylqstegx9z for their testing, feedback, ideas and encouragement.
Thank you for your support and collaboration! Let me know if I've missed you.
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-07 06:03:29CryptPad
Collaboration and privacy. Yes, you can have both Flagship instance of CryptPad, the end-to-end encrypted and open-source collaboration suite. Cloud administered by the CryptPad development team. https://cryptpad.fr/
ONLYOFFICE DocSpace
Document collaboration made simpler. Easily collaborate with customizable rooms. Edit any content you have. Work faster using AI assistants. Protect your sensitive business data. Download or try STARTUP Cloud (Limited-time offer) FREE https://www.onlyoffice.com/
SeaFile
A new way to organize your files Beyond just syncing and sharing files, Seafile lets you add custom file properties and organize your files in different views. With AI-powered automation for generating properties, Seafile offers a smarter, more efficient way to manage your files. Try it Now, Free for up to 3 users https://seafile.com/
SandStorm
An open source platform for self-hosting web apps Self-host web-based productivity apps easily and securely. Sandstorm is an open source project built by a community of volunteers with the goal of making it really easy to run open source web applications. Try the Demo or Signup Free https://alpha.sandstorm.io/apps
NextCloud Hub
A new generation of online collaboration that puts you in control. Nextcloud offers a modern, on premise content collaboration platform with real-time document editing, video chat & groupware on mobile, desktop and web. Sign up for a free Nextcloud account https://nextcloud.com/sign-up/
LinShare
True Open Source Secure File Sharing Solution We are committed to providing a reliable Open Source file-sharing solution, expertly designed to meet the highest standards of diverse industries, such as government and finance Try the Demo https://linshare.app/
Twake Drive
The open-source alternative to Google Drive. Privacy-First Open Source Workplace. Twake workplace open source business. Improve your effeciency with truly Open Source, all-in-one digital suite. Enhance the security in every aspect of your professional and private life. Sign up https://sign-up.twake.app/
SpaceDrive
One Explorer. All Your Files. Unify files from all your devices and clouds into a single, easy-to-use explorer. Designed for creators, hoarders and the painfully disorganized. Download desktop app (mobile coming soon) https://www.spacedrive.com/
ente
Safe Home for your photos Store, share, and discover your memories with end-to-end encryption. End-to-end encryption, durable storage and simple sharing. Packed with these and much more into our beautiful open source apps. Get started https://web.ente.io
fileStash
Turn your FTP server into... Filestash is the enterprise-grade file manager connecting your storage with your identity provider and authorisations. Try the demo https://demo.filestash.app
STORJ
Disruptively fast. Globally secure. S3-compatible distributed cloud services that make the most demanding workflows fast and affordable. Fast track your journey toward high performance cloud services. Storj pricing is consistent and competitive in meeting or exceeding your cloud services needs. Give the products a try to experience the benefits of the distributed cloud. Get Started https://www.storj.io/get-started
FireFile
The open‑source alternative to Dropbox. Firefiles lets you setup a cloud drive with the backend of your choice and lets you seamlessly manage your files across multiple providers. It revolutionizes cloud storage management by offering a unified platform for all your storage needs. Sign up Free https://beta.firefiles.app
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/973626
-
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-10 23:17:06- Install EtchDroid (it's free and open source)
- Launch the app, then tap What's Supported? to check compatibility with devices and disk images
- Insert the USB drive
- Tap Write An Image, then select the desired image file
- Tap Grant Access, confirm, and then tap Write image
- Optionally, allow notifications to be notified when the process is complete
- Your bootable USB drive is now ready
⚠️ This app has telemetry enabled by default. Make sure to turn it off in the app menu. If you trust F-Droid, you can get a telemetry-free version from there
⚠️ Avoid moving the phone during the image writing process
-
@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 18:24:44Originalni tekst na dvadesetjedan.com.
Autor: Gigi / Prevod na srpski: Plumsky
Postoji sveto carstvo privatnosti za svakog čoveka gde on bira i pravi odluke – carstvo stvoreno na bazičnim pravima i slobode koje zakon, generalno, ne sme narušavati. Džefri Fišer, Arhiepiskop Canterberija (1959)
Pre ne toliko dugo, uobičajen režim interneta je bio neenkriptovan običan tekst (plain text). Svi su mogli špiunirati svakoga i mnogi nisu o tome ni razmišljali. Globalno obelodanjivanje nadzora 2013. je to promenilo i danas se koriste mnogo bezbedniji protokoli i end-to-end enkripcija postaje standard sve više. Iako bitcoin postaje tinejdžer, mi smo – metaforično govoreći – i dalje u dobu običnog teksta narandžastog novčića. Bitcoin je radikalno providljiv protokol sam po sebi, ali postoje značajni načini da korisnik zaštiti svoju privatnost. U ovom članku želimo da istaknemo neke od ovih strategija, prodiskutujemo najbolje prakse, i damo preporuke koje mogu primeniti i bitcoin novajlije i veterani.
Zašto je privatnost bitna
Privatnost je potrebna da bi otvoreno društvo moglo da funkcioniše u digitalnoj eri. Privatnost nije isto što i tajanstvenost. Privatna stvar je nešto što neko ne želi da ceo svet zna, a tajna stvar je nešto što neko ne želi bilo ko da zna. Privatnost je moć da se čovek selektivno otkriva svom okruženju.
Ovim snažnim rečima Erik Hjus je započeo svoj tekst Sajferpankov Manifesto (Cypherpunk's Manifesto) 1993. Razlika između privatnosti i tajanstvenosti je suptilna ali jako važna. Odlučiti se za privatnost ne znači da neko ima tajne koje želi sakriti. Da ovo ilustrujemo shvatite samo da ono što obavljate u svom toaletu ili u spavaćoj sobi nije niti ilegalno niti tajna (u mnogim slučajevima), ali vi svejedno odlučujete da zatvorite vrata i navučete zavese.
Slično tome, koliko para imate i gde ih trošite nije naručito tajna stvar. Ipak, to bi trebalo biti privatan slučaj. Mnogi bi se složili da vaš šef ne treba da zna gde vi trošite vašu platu. Privatnosti je čak zaštićena od strane mnogobrojnih internacionalnih nadležnih organa. Iz Američke Deklaracije Prava i Dužnosti Čoveka (American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man) Ujedinjenim Nacijama, napisano je da je privatnost fundamentalno prava gradjana širom sveta.
Niko ne sme biti podvrgnut smetnjama njegovoj privatnosti, porodici, rezidenciji ili komunikacijama, niti napadnuta njegova čast i reputacija. Svi imaju pravo da se štite zakonom protiv takvih smetnja ili napada. Artikal 12, Deklaracija Ljudskih Prava Ujedinjenih Nacija
Bitcoin i privatnost
Iako je bitcoin često opisivan kao anoniman način plaćanja medijima, on u stvari poseduje potpuno suprotne osobine. On je poluanoniman u najboljem slučaju i danas mnogima nije ni malo lako primeniti taktike da bi bili sigurni da njihov poluanonimni identitet na bitcoin mreži ne bude povezan sa legalnim identitetom u stvarnom svetu.
Bitcoin je otvoren sistem. On je javna baza podataka koju svako može da proučava i analizira. Znači, svaka transakcija koja je upisana u tu bazu kroz dokaz rada (proof-of-work) postojaće i biće otkrivena dokle god bitcoin postoji, što znači - zauvek. Ne primenjivati najbolje prakse privatnosti može imati štetne posledice u dalekoj budućnosti.
Privatnost, kao sigurnost, je proces koji je težak, ali nije nemoguć. Alatke nastavljaju da se razvijaju koje čuvaju privatnost kad se koristi bitcoin and srećom mnoge od tih alatki su sve lakše za korišćenje. Nažalost ne postoji panacea u ovom pristupu. Mora se biti svesan svih kompromisa i usavršavati te prakse dok se one menjaju.
Najbolje prakse privatnosti
Kao i sve u bitcoinu, kontrola privatnosti je postepena, korak po korak, procedura. Naučiti i primeniti ove najbolje prakse zahteva strpljivost i odgovornost, tako da ne budite obeshrabreni ako vam se čini da je to sve previše. Svaki korak, koliko god bio mali, je korak u dobrom pravcu.
Koje korake preduzeti da bi uvećali svoju privatnost:
- Budite u vlasništvu sami svojih novčića
- Nikad ne ponavljajte korišćenje istih adresa
- Minimizirajte korišćenje servisa koji zahtevaju identitet (Know your customer - KYC)
- Minimizirajte sve izloženosti trećim licima
- Upravljajte svojim nodom
- Koristite Lightning mrežu za male transakcije
- Nemojte koristiti javne blok pretraživače za svoje transakcije
- Koristite metodu CoinJoin često i rano pri nabavljanju svojih novčića
Budite u vlasništvu sami svojih novčića: Ako ključevi nisu tvoji, onda nije ni bitcoin. Ako neko drugo drži vaš bitcoin za vas, oni znaju sve što se može znati: količinu, istoriju transakcija pa i sve buduće transakcije, itd. Preuzimanje vlasništva bitcoina u svoje ruke je prvi i najvažniji korak.
Nikad ne kroistite istu adresu dvaput: Ponavljanje adresa poništava privatnost pošiljalca i primaoca bitcoina. Ovo se treba izbegavati pod svaku cenu.
Minimizirajte korišćenje servisa koji zahtevaju identitet (KYC): Vezivati svoj legalni identitet za svoje bitcoin adrese je zlo koje se zahteva od strane mnogih državnih nadležnosti. Dok je efektivnost ovih zakona i regulacija disputabilno, posledice njihovog primenjivanja su uglavnom štetne po korisnicima. Ovo je očigledno pošto je česta pojava da se te informacije često izlivaju iz slabo obezbeđenih digitalnih servera. Ako izaberete da koristite KYC servise da bi nabavljali bitcoin, proučite i razumite odnos između vas i tog biznisa. Vi ste poverljivi tom biznisu za sve vaše lične podatke, pa i buduće obezbeđenje tih podataka. Ako i dalje zarađujete kroz fiat novčani sistem, mi preporučujemo da koristite samo bitcoin ekskluzivne servise koji vam dozvoljavaju da autamatski kupujete bitcoin s vremena na vreme. Ako zelite da potpuno da izbegnete KYC, pregledajte https://bitcoinqna.github.io/noKYConly/.
Minimizirajte sve izloženosti trećim licima: Poverljivost trećim licima je bezbednosna rupa (https://nakamotoinstitute.org/trusted-third-parties/). Ako možete biti poverljivi samo sebi, onda bi to tako trebalo da bude.
Upravljajte svojim nodom: Ako nod nije tvoj, onda nisu ni pravila. Upravljanje svojim nodom je suštinska potreba da bi se bitcoin koristio na privatan način. Svaka interakcija sa bitcoin mrežom je posrednjena nodom. Ako vi taj nod ne upravljate, čiji god nod koristite može da vidi sve što vi radite. Ova upustva (https://bitcoiner.guide/node/) su jako korisna da bi započeli proces korišćenja svog noda.
Koristite Lightning mrežu za male transakcije: Pošto Lightning protokol ne koristi glavnu bitcoin mrežu za trasakcije onda je i samim tim povećana privatnost korišćenja bez dodatnog truda. Iako je i dalje rano, oni apsolutno bezobzirni periodi Lightning mreže su verovatno daleko iza nas. Korišćenje Lightning-a za transakcije malih i srednjih veličina će vam pomoći da uvećate privatnost a da smanjite naplate svojih pojedinačnih bitcoin transakcija.
Nemojte koristiti javne blok pretraživače za svoje transakcije: Proveravanje adresa na javnim blok pretraživačima povezuje te adrese sa vašim IP podacima, koji se onda mogu koristiti da se otkrije vaš identitet. Softveri kao Umbrel i myNode vam omogućavaju da lako koristite sami svoj blok pretraživač. Ako morate koristiti javne pretraživače, uradite to uz VPN ili Tor.
Koristite CoinJoin često i rano pri nabavljanju svojih novčića: Pošto je bitcoin večan, primenjivanje saradničkih CoinJoin praksa će vam obezbediti privatnost u budućnosti. Dok su CoinJoin transakcije svakovrsne, softveri koji su laki za korišćenje već sad postoje koji mogu automatizovati ovu vrstu transakcija. Samourai Whirlpool (https://samouraiwallet.com/whirlpool) je odličan izbor za Android korisnike. Joinmarket (https://github.com/joinmarket-webui/jam) se može koristiti na vašem nodu. A servisi postoje koji pri snabdevanju vašeg bitcoina istog trenutka obave CoinJoin tranzakciju automatski.
Zaključak
Svi bi trebalo da se potrude da koriste bitcoin na što privatniji način. Privatnost nije isto što i tajanstvenost. Privatnost je ljudsko pravo i mi svi trebamo da branimo i primenljujemo to pravo. Teško je izbrisati postojeće informacije sa interneta; a izbrisati ih sa bitcoin baze podataka je nemoguće. Iako su daleko od savršenih, alatke postoje danas koje vam omogućavaju da najbolje prakse privatnosti i vi sami primenite. Mi smo vam naglasili neke od njih i - kroz poboljšanje u bitcoin protokolu kroz Taproot i Schnorr - one će postajati sve usavršenije.
Bitcoin postupci se ne mogu lako opisati korišćenjem tradicionalnim konceptima. Pitanja kao što su "Ko je vlasnik ovog novca?" ili "Odakle taj novac potiče?" postaju sve teža da se odgovore a u nekim okolnostima postaju potpuno beznačajna.
Satoši je dizajnirao bitcoin misleći na privatnost. Na nivou protokola svaka bitcoin transakcija je proces "topljenja" koji za sobom samo ostavlja heuristične mrvice hleba. Protokolu nije bitno odakle se pojavio bilo koji bitcoin ili satoši. Niti je njega briga ko je legalan identitet vlasnika. Protokolu je samo važno da li su digitalni potpisi validni. Dokle god je govor slobodan, potpisivanje poruka - privatno ili ne - ne sme biti kriminalan postupak.
Dodatni Resursi
This Month in Bitcoin Privacy | Janine
Hodl Privacy FAQ | 6102
Digital Privacy | 6102
UseWhirlpool.com | Bitcoin Q+A
Bitcoin Privacy Guide | Bitcoin Q+A
Ovaj članak napisan je u saradnji sa Matt Odellom, nezavisnim bitcoin istraživačem. Nađite njegove preporuke za privatnost na werunbtc.com
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@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0
2025-04-28 01:05:49Eu reconheço que Deus, e somente Deus, é o soberano legítimo sobre todas as coisas. Nenhum homem, nenhuma instituição, nenhum parlamento tem autoridade para usurpar aquilo que pertence ao Rei dos reis. O Estado moderno, com sua pretensão totalizante, é uma farsa blasfema diante do trono de Cristo. Não aceito outro senhor.
A Lei que me guia não é a ditada por burocratas, mas a gravada por Deus na própria natureza humana. A razão, quando iluminada pela fé, é suficiente para discernir o que é justo. Rejeito as leis arbitrárias que pretendem legitimar o roubo, o assassinato ou a escravidão em nome da ordem. A justiça não nasce do decreto, mas da verdade.
Acredito firmemente na propriedade privada como extensão da própria pessoa. Aquilo que é fruto do meu trabalho, da minha criatividade, da minha dedicação, dos dons a mim concedidos por Deus, pertence a mim por direito natural. Ninguém pode legitimamente tomar o que é meu sem meu consentimento. Todo imposto é uma agressão; toda expropriação, um roubo. Defendo a liberdade econômica não por idolatria ao mercado, mas porque a liberdade é condição necessária para a virtude.
Assumo o Princípio da Não Agressão como o mínimo ético que devo respeitar. Não iniciarei o uso da força contra ninguém, nem contra sua propriedade. Exijo o mesmo de todos. Mas sei que isso não basta. O PNA delimita o que não devo fazer — ele não me ensina o que devo ser. A liberdade exterior só é boa se houver liberdade interior. O mercado pode ser livre, mas se a alma estiver escravizada pelo vício, o colapso será inevitável.
Por isso, não me basta a ética negativa. Creio que uma sociedade justa precisa de valores positivos: honra, responsabilidade, compaixão, respeito, fidelidade à verdade. Sem isso, mesmo uma sociedade que respeite formalmente os direitos individuais apodrecerá por dentro. Um povo que ama o lucro, mas despreza a verdade, que celebra a liberdade mas esquece a justiça, está se preparando para ser dominado. Trocará um déspota visível por mil tiranias invisíveis — o hedonismo, o consumismo, a mentira, o medo.
Não aceito a falsa caridade feita com o dinheiro tomado à força. A verdadeira generosidade nasce do coração livre, não da coerção institucional. Obrigar alguém a ajudar o próximo destrói tanto a liberdade quanto a virtude. Só há mérito onde há escolha. A caridade que nasce do amor é redentora; a que nasce do fisco é propaganda.
O Estado moderno é um ídolo. Ele promete segurança, mas entrega servidão. Promete justiça, mas entrega privilégios. Disfarça a opressão com linguagem técnica, legal e democrática. Mas por trás de suas máscaras, vejo apenas a velha serpente. Um parasita que se alimenta do trabalho alheio e manipula consciências para se perpetuar.
Resistir não é apenas um direito, é um dever. Obedecer a Deus antes que aos homens — essa é a minha regra. O poder se volta contra a verdade, mas minha lealdade pertence a quem criou o céu e a terra. A tirania não se combate com outro tirano, mas com a desobediência firme e pacífica dos que amam a justiça.
Não acredito em utopias. Desejo uma ordem natural, orgânica, enraizada no voluntarismo. Uma sociedade que se construa de baixo para cima: a partir da família, da comunidade local, da tradição e da fé. Não quero uma máquina que planeje a vida alheia, mas um tecido de relações voluntárias onde a liberdade floresça à sombra da cruz.
Desejo, sim, o reinado social de Cristo. Não por imposição, mas por convicção. Que Ele reine nos corações, nas famílias, nas ruas e nos contratos. Que a fé guie a razão e a razão ilumine a vida. Que a liberdade seja meio para a santidade — não um fim em si. E que, livres do jugo do Leviatã, sejamos servos apenas do Senhor.
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@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b
2025-05-11 17:50:31Originalni tekst na dvadesetjedan.com
Autor: Parker Lewis / Prevod na srpski: Plumsky
Ideja da država može nekako zabraniti bitcoin je jedna od poslednjih faza tuge, tačno pred prihvatanje realnosti. Posledica ove rečenice je priznanje da bitcoin “funkcioniše”. U stvari, ona predstavlja činjenicu da bitcoin funkcioniše toliko dobro da on preti postojećim državnim monopolima nad novcem i da će zbog toga države da ga unište kroz regulativne prepreke da bi eliminisale tu pretnju. Gledajte na tvrdnju da će države zabraniti bitcoin kao kondicionalnu logiku. Da li bitcoin funkcioniše kao novac? Ako je odgovor „ne“, onda države nemaju šta da zabrane. Ako je odgovor „da“, onda će države da probaju da ga zabrane. Znači, glavna poenta ovog razmišljanja je pretpostavka da bitcoin funkcioiniše kao novac. Onda je sledeće logično pitanje da li intervencija od strane države može uspešno da uništi upravo taj funkcionalan bitcoin.
Za početak, svako ko pokušava da razume kako, zašto, ili da li bitcoin funkcioniše mora da proceni ta pitanja potpuno nezavisno od prouzrekovanja državne regulacije ili intervencije. Iako je nesumnjivo da bitcoin mora da postoji uzgred državnih regulativa, zamislite na momenat da države ne postoje. Sam od sebe, da li bi bitcoin funkcionisao kao novac, kad bi se prepustio slobodnom tržištu? Ovo pitanje se širi u dodatna pitanja i ubrzo se pretvara u bunar bez dna. Šta je novac? Šta su svojstva koja čine jednu vrstu novca bolje od druge? Da li bitcoin poseduje ta svojstva? Da li je bitcoin bolja verzija novca po takvim osobinama? Ako je finalni zaključak da bitcoin ne funkcioniše kao novac, implikacije državne intervencije su nebitne. Ali, ako je bitcoin funkcionalan kao novac, ta pitanja onda postaju bitna u ovoj debati, i svako ko o tome razmišlja bi morao imati taj početnički kontekst da bi mogao proceniti da li je uopšte moguće zabraniti. Po svom dizajnu, bitcoin postoji van države. Ali bitcoin nije samo van kontrole države, on u stvari funkcioniše bez bilo kakve saradnje centralizovanih identiteta. On je globalan i decentralizovan. Svako može pristupiti bitcoinu bez potrebe saglasnosti bilo koga i što se više širi sve je teže cenzurisati celokupnu mrežu. Arhitektura bitcoina je namerno izmišljena da bude otporna na bilo koje pokušaje države da ga zabrane. Ovo ne znači da države širom sveta neće pokušavati da ga regulišu, oporezuju ili čak da potpuno zabrane njegovo korišćenje. Naravno da će biti puno bitki i otpora protiv usvajanja bitcoina među građanima. Federal Reserve i Američki Treasury (i njihovi globalni suparnici) se neće ležeći predati dok bitcoin sve više i više ugrožava njihove monopole prihvatljivog novca. Doduše, pre nego što se odbaci ideja da države mogu potpuno zabraniti bitcoin, mora se prvo razumeti posledice tog stava i njegovog glasnika.
Progresija poricanja i stepeni tuge
Pripovesti skeptičara se neprestano menjaju kroz vreme. Prvi stepen tuge: bitcoin nikad ne može funkcionisati-njegova vrednost je osnovana ni na čemu. On je moderna verzija tulip manije. Sa svakim ciklusom uzbuđenja, vrednost bitcoina skače i onda vrlo brzo se vraća na dole. Često nazvano kao kraj njegove vrednosti, bitcoin svaki put odbija da umre i njegova vrednost pronađe nivo koji je uvek viši od prethodnih ciklusa globalne usvajanja. Tulip pripovetka postaje stara i dosadna i skeptičari pređu na više nijansirane teme, i time menjaju bazu debate. Drugi stepen tuge predstoji: bitcoin je manjkav kao novac. On je previše volatilan da bi bio valuta, ili je suviše spor da bi se koristio kao sistem plaćanja, ili se ne može proširiti dovoljno da zadovolji sve promete plaćanja na svetu, ili troši isuviše struje. Taj niz kritike ide sve dalje i dalje. Ovaj drugi stepen je progresija poricanja i dosta je udaljen od ideje da je bitcoin ništa više od bukvalno bezvrednog ničega.
Uprkos tim pretpostavnim manjcima, vrednost bitcoin mreže nastavje da raste vremenom. Svaki put, ona ne umire, nasuprot, ona postaje sve veća i jača. Dok se skeptičari bave ukazivanjem na manjke, bitcoin ne prestaje. Rast u vrednosti je prouzrokovan jednostavnom dinamikom tržišta: postoji više kupca nego prodavca. To je sve i to je razlog rasta u adopciji. Sve više i više ljudi shvata zašto postoji fundamentalna potražnja za bitcoinom i zašto/kako on funkcioniše. To je razlog njegovog dugotrajnog rasta. Dokle god ga sve više ljudi koristi za čuvanje vrednosti, neće pasti cena snabdevanja. Zauvek će postojati samo 21 milion bitcoina. Nebitno je koliko ljudi zahtevaju bitcoin, njegova cela količina je uvek ista i neelastična. Dok skeptičari nastavljaju sa svojom starom pričom, mase ljudi nastavljaju da eliminišu zabludu i zahtevaju bitcoin zbog njegovih prednosti u smislu novčanih svojstva. Između ostalog, ne postoji grupa ljudi koja je više upoznata sa svim argumentima protiv bitcoina od samih bitcoinera.
Očajanje počinje da se stvara i onda se debata još jedanput pomera. Sada nije više činjenica je vrednost bitcoina osnovana ni na čemu niti da ima manjke kao valuta; sada se debata centrira na regulaciji državnih autoriteta. U ovom zadnjem stepenu tuge, bitcoin se predstavlja kao u stvari isuviše uspešnom alatkom i zbog toga države ne smeju dozvoliti da on postoji. Zaista? Znači da je genijalnost čoveka ponovo ostvarila funkcionalan novac u tehnološko superiornoj formi, čije su posledice zaista neshvatljive, i da će države upravo taj izum nekako zabraniti. Primetite da tom izjavom skeptičari praktično priznaju svoj poraz. Ovo su poslednji pokušaji u seriji promašenih argumenata. Skeptičari u isto vreme prihvataju da postoji fundamentalna potražnja za bitcoinom a onda se premeštaju na neosnovan stav da ga države mogu zabraniti.
Ajde da se poigramo i tim pitanjem. Kada bih zapravo razvijene države nastupile na scenu i pokušale da zabrane bitcoin? Trenutno, Federal Reserve i Treasury ne smatraju bitcoin kao ozbiljnu pretnju superiornosti dolara. Po njihovom celokupnom mišljenju, bitcoin je slatka mala igračka i ne može da funkcioniše kao novac. Sadašnja kompletna kupovna moć bitcoina je manja od $200 milijardi. Sa druge strane, zlato ima celokupnu vrednost od $8 triliona (40X veću od bitcoina) i količina odštampanog novca (M2) je otprilike 15 triliona (75X veličine bitcoinove vrednosti). Kada će Federal Reserve i Treasury da počne da smatra bitcoin kao ozbiljnu pretnju? Kad bitcoin poraste na $1, $2 ili $3 triliona? Možete i sami da izaberete nivo, ali implikacija je da će bitcoin biti mnogo vredniji, i posedovaće ga sve više ljudi širom sveta, pre nego što će ga državne vlasti shvatiti kao obiljnog protivnika.
Predsednik Tramp & Treasury Sekretar Mnučin o Bitcoinu (2019):
„Ja neću pričati o bitcoinu za 10 godina, u to možete biti sigurni {…} Ja bi se kladio da čak za 5 ili 6 godina neću više pričati o bitcoinu kao sekretar Trusury-a. Imaću preča posla {…} Mogu vam obećati da ja lično neću biti pun bitcoina.“ – Sekretar Treasury-a Stiv Mnučin
„Ja nisam ljubitelj bitcoina {…}, koji nije novac i čija vrednost je jako volatilna i osnovana na praznom vazduhu.“ – Predsednik Donald J. Tramp
Znači, logika skeptika ide ovako: bitcoin ne funkcioniše, ali ako funkcioniše, onda će ga država zabraniti. Ali, države slobodnog sveta neće pokušati da ga zabrane dokle god se on ne pokaže kao ozbiljna pretnja. U tom trenutku, bitcoin će biti vredniji i sigurno teži da se zabrani, pošto će ga više ljudi posedovati na mnogo širem geografskom prostoru. Ignorišite fundamentalne činjenice i asimetriju koja je urođena u globalnom dešavanju monetizacije zato što u slučaju da ste u pravu, države će taj proces zabraniti. Na kojoj strani tog argumenta bi radije stajao racionalan ekonomski učesnik? Posedovanje finansijske imovine kojoj vrednost toliko raste da preti globalnoj rezervnoj valuti, ili nasuprot – nemati tu imovinu? Sa pretpostavkom da individualci razumeju zašto je mogućnost (a sve više i verovatnoća) ove realnosti, koji stav je logičniji u ovom scenariju? Asimetrija dve strane ovog argumenta sama od sebe zahteva da je prvi stav onaj istinit i da fundamentalno razumevanje potražnje bitcoina samo još više ojačava to mišljenje.
Niko ne moze zabraniti bitcoin
Razmislite šta bitcoin u stvari predstavlja pa onda šta bi predstavljala njegova zabrana. Bitcoin je konverzija subjektivne vrednosti, stvorena i razmenjena u realnošću, u digitalne potpise. Jednostavno rečeno, to je konverzija ljudskog vremena u novac. Kad neko zahteva bitcoin, oni u isto vreme ne zahtevaju neki drugi posed, nek to bio dolar, kuća, auto ili hrana itd. Bitcoin predstavlja novčanu štednju koja sa sobom žrtvuje druge imovine i servise. Zabrana bitcoina bi bio napad na najosnovnije ljudske slobode koje je on upravo stvoren da brani. Zamislite reakciju svih onih koji su prihvatili bitcoin: „Bilo je zabavno, alatka za koju su svi eksperti tvrdili da neće nikad funkcionisati, sada toliko dobro radi i sad ti isti eksperti i autoriteti kažu da mi to nemožemo koristiti. Svi idite kući, predstava je gotova.“verovanje da će svi ljudi koji su učestvovali u bitcoin usvajanju, suverenitetu koji nudi i finansiskoj slobodi, odjednom samo da se predaju osnovnom rušenju njihovih prava je potpuno iracionalna pozicija.
Novac je jedan od najbitnijih instrumenata za slobodu koji je ikad izmišljen. Novac je to što u postojećem društvu ostvaruje mogućnosti siromašnom čoveku – čiji je domet veći nego onaj koji je bio dostižan bogatim ljudima pre ne toliko puno generacija.“ – F. A. Hajek
Države nisu uspele da zabrane konzumiranje alkohola, droga, kupovinu vatrenog oružja, pa ni posedovanje zlata. Država može samo pomalo da uspori pristup ili da deklariše posedovanje ilegalnim, ali ne može da uništi nešto što veliki broj raznovrsnih ljudi smatra vrednim. Kada je SAD zabranila privatno posedovanje zlata 1933., zlato nije palo u vrednosti ili nestalo sa finansijskog tržišta. Ono je u stvari poraslo u vrednosti u poređenju sa dolarom, i samo trideset godina kasnije, zabrana je bila ukinuta. Ne samo da bitcoin nudi veću vrednosno obećanje od bilo kog drugog dobra koje su države pokušale da zabrane (uključujući i zlato); nego po svojim osobinama, njega je mnogo teže zabraniti. Bitcoin je globalan i decentralizovan. On ne poštuje granice i osiguran je mnoštvom nodova i kriptografskim potpisima. Sam postupak zabrane bi zahtevao da se u isto vreme zaustavi „open source“ softver koji emituje i izvršava slanje i potvrđivanje digitalno enkriptovanih ključeva i potpisa. Ta zabrana bi morala biti koordinisana između velikog broja zemalja, sa tim da je nemoguće znati gde se ti nodovi i softver nalazi ili da se zaustavi instaliranje novih nodova u drugim pravnim nadležnostima. Da ne pominjemo i ustavske pitanja, bilo bi tehnički neizvodljivo da se takva zabrana primeni na bilo kakav značajan način.
Čak kada bih sve zemlje iz G-20 grupe koordinisale takvu zabranu u isto vreme, to ne bi uništilo bitcoin. U stvari, to bi bilo samoubistvo za fiat novčani sistem. To bi još više prikazalo masama da je bitcoin u stvari novac koji treba shvatiti ozbiljno, i to bi samo od sebe započelo globalnu igru vatanje mačke za rep. Bitcoin nema centralnu tačku za napad; bitcoin rudari, nodovi i digitalni potpisi su rasejani po celom svetu. Svaki aspekt bitcoina je decentralizovan, zato su glavni stubovi njegove arhitekture da učesnici uvek treba kontrolisati svoje potpise i upravljati svojim nodom. Što više digitalnih potpisa i nodova koji postoje, to je više bitcoin decentralizovan, i to je više odbranjiva njegova mreža od strane neprijatelja. Što je više zemalja gde rudari izvršavaju svoj posao, to je manji rizik da jedan nadležni identitet može uticati na njegov bezbednosni sistem. Koordinisan internacionalni napad na bitcoin bi samo koristio da bitcoin još više ojača svoj imuni sistem. Na kraju krajeva, to bi ubrzalo seobu iz tradicionalnog finansijskog sistema (i njegovih valuta) a i inovaciju koja postoji u bitcoin ekosistemu. Sa svakom bivšom pretnjom, bitcoin je maštovito pronalazio način da ih neutrališe pa i koordinisan napad od strane država ne bi bio ništa drugačiji.
Inovacija u ovoj oblasti koja se odlikuje svojom „permissionless“ (bez dozvole centralnih identiteta) osobinom, omogućava odbranu od svakojakih napada. Sve varijante napada koje su bile predvidjene je upravo to što zahteva konstantnu inovaciju bitcoina. To je ona Adam Smitova nevidljiva ruka, ali dopingovana. Pojedinačni učesnici mogu da veruju da su motivisani nekim većim uzrokom, ali u stvari, korisnost kaja je ugrađena u bitcoin stvara kod učesnika dovoljno snažan podsticaj da omogući svoje preživljavanje. Sopstveni interes milione, ako ne milijarde, nekoordinisanih ljudi koji se jedino slažu u svojom međusobnom potrebom za funkcionalnim novcem podstiče inovacije u bitcoinu. Danas, možda to izgleda kao neka kul nova tehnologija ili neki dobar investment u finansijskom portfoliju, ali čak i ako to mnogi ne razumeju, bitcoin je apsolutna nužnost u svetu. To je tako zato što je novac nužnost a historijski priznate valute se fundamentalno raspadaju. Pre dva meseca, tržište američkih državnih obveznica je doživeo kolaps na šta je Federal Reserve reagovao time što je povećao celokupnu količinu dolara u postojanju za $250 milijardi, a još više u bliskoj budućnosti. Tačno ovo je razlog zašto je bitcoin nužnost a ne samo luksuzni dodatak. Kada inovacija omogućava bazično funkcionisanje ekonomije ne postoji ni jedna država na svetu koja može da zaustavi njenu adopciju i rast. Novac je nužnost a bitcoin znatno poboljšava sistem novca koji je ikada postojao pre njega.
Sa više praktične strane, pokušaj zabranjivanja bitcoina ili njegove velike regulacije od nadležnosti bi direktno bilo u korist susedne nadležnih organa. Podsticaj da se odustane od koordinisanog napada na bitcoin bi bio isuviše veliki da bi takvi dogovori bili uspešni. Kada bi SAD deklarisovale posed bitcoina ilegalnim sutra, da li bi to zaustavilo njegov rast, razvoj i adopciji i da li bi to smanjilo vrednost celokupne mreže? Verovatno. Da li bi to uništilo bitcoin? Ne bi. Bitcoin predstavlja najpokretljivije kapitalno sredstvo na svetu. Zemlje i nadležne strukture koje kreiraju regulativnu strukturu koja najmanje ustručava korišćenje bitcoina će biti dobitnici velike količine uliva kapitala u svoje države.
Zabrana Bitcoinove Zatvoreničke Dileme
U praksi, zatvorenička dilema nije igra jedan na jedan. Ona je multidimenzijska i uključuje mnoštvo nadležnosti, čiji se interesi nadmeću međusobno, i to uskraćuje mogućnosti bilo kakve mogućnosti zabrane. Ljudski kapital, fizički kapital i novčani kapital će sav ići u pravcu država i nadležnosti koje najmanje ustručuju bitcoin. To se možda neće desiti sve odjednom, ali pokušaji zabrane su isto za badava koliko bi bilo odseći sebi nos u inat svom licu. To ne znači da države to neće pokušati. India je već probala da zabrani bitcoin. Kina je uvela puno restrikcija. Drugi će da prate njihove tragove. Ali svaki put kada država preduzme takve korake, to ima nepredvidljive efekte povećanja bitcoin adopcije. Pokušaji zabranjivanja bitcoina su jako efektivne marketing kampanje. Bitcoin postoji kao sistem nevezan za jednu suverenu državu i kao novac je otporan na cenzuru. On je dizajniran da postoji van državne kontrole. Pokušaji da se taj koncept zabrani samo još više daje njemu razlog i logiku za postojanje.
Jedini Pobednički Potez je da se Uključiš u Igru
Zabrana bitcoina je trošenje vremena. Neki će to pokušati; ali svi će biti neuspešni. Sami ti pokušaji će još više ubrzati njegovu adopciju i širenje. Biće to vetar od 100 km/h koji raspaljuje vatru. To će ojačati bitcoin sve više i doprineće njegovoj pouzdanosti. U svakom slučaju, verovanje da će države zabraniti bitcoin u momentu kada on postane dovoljno velika pretnja rezervnim valutam sveta, je iracionalan razlog da se on no poseduje kao instrument štednje novca. To ne samo da podrazumeva da je bitcoin novac, ali u isto vreme i ignoriše glavne razloge zašto je to tako: on je decentralizovan i otporan na cenzure. Zamislite da razumete jednu od nojvećih tajni današnjice i da u isto vreme tu tajnu asimetrije koju bitcoin nudi ne primenjujete u svoju korist zbog straha od države. Pre će biti, neko ko razume zašto bitcoin funkcioniše i da ga država ne može zaustaviti, ili nepuno znanje postoji u razumevanju kako bitcoin uopšte funckioniše. Počnite sa razmatranjem fundamentalnih pitanja, a onda primenite to kao temelj da bi procenili bilo koji potencijalan rizik od strane budućih regulacija ili restrikcija državnih organa. I nikad nemojte da zaboravite na vrednost asimetrije između dve strane ovde prezentiranih argumenata. Jedini pobednički potez je da se uključite u igru.
Stavovi ovde prezentirani su samo moji i ne predstavljaju Unchained Capital ili moje kolege. Zahvaljujem se Fil Gajgeru za razmatranje teksta i primedbe.
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@ a1c19849:daacbb52
2025-02-24 19:30:09Details
- ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min
- 🍳 Cook time: 4 hours
Ingredients
- 1kg of chicken thighs
- 3 large onions
- 1 tablespoon garlic powder
- 2 tablespoons brown sugar
- 1.5 dl Ketjap Medja
- 0.5 liter chicken broth
- Pepper
- Salt
- Nutmeg
Directions
- Cut the onions and sauté them
- Add the chicken thighs in pieces and bake for a few minutes
- Add the garlic powder and the brown sugar and bake for a short time
- Add the ketjap media and the chicken broth
- Add some salt and pepper and nutmeg and let it simmer for 3 to 4 hours
- Make sure all the moist evaporates but make sure it doesn’t get too dry. Otherwise add some extra chicken broth
- Bon appetit!
-
@ a1c19849:daacbb52
2025-02-24 19:19:16Details
- ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min
- 🍳 Cook time: 4 hours
Ingredients
- 1kg of chicken thighs
- 3 large onions
- 1 tablespoon garlic powder
- 2 tablespoons brown sugar
- 1.5 dl Ketjap Medja
- 0.5 liter chicken broth
- Pepper
- Salt
- Nutmeg
Directions
- Cut the onions and sauté them
- Add the chicken thighs in pieces and bake for a few minutes
- Add the garlic powder and the brown sugar and bake for a short time
- Add the ketjap media and the chicken broth
- Add some salt and pepper and nutmeg and let it simmer for 3 to 4 hours
- Make sure all the moist evaporates but make sure it doesn’t get too dry. Otherwise add some extra chicken broth
- Bon appetit!
-
@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d
2024-09-06 12:49:46Nostr: a quick introduction, attempt #2
Nostr doesn't subscribe to any ideals of "free speech" as these belong to the realm of politics and assume a big powerful government that enforces a common ruleupon everybody else.
Nostr instead is much simpler, it simply says that servers are private property and establishes a generalized framework for people to connect to all these servers, creating a true free market in the process. In other words, Nostr is the public road that each market participant can use to build their own store or visit others and use their services.
(Of course a road is never truly public, in normal cases it's ran by the government, in this case it relies upon the previous existence of the internet with all its quirks and chaos plus a hand of government control, but none of that matters for this explanation).
More concretely speaking, Nostr is just a set of definitions of the formats of the data that can be passed between participants and their expected order, i.e. messages between clients (i.e. the program that runs on a user computer) and relays (i.e. the program that runs on a publicly accessible computer, a "server", generally with a domain-name associated) over a type of TCP connection (WebSocket) with cryptographic signatures. This is what is called a "protocol" in this context, and upon that simple base multiple kinds of sub-protocols can be added, like a protocol for "public-square style microblogging", "semi-closed group chat" or, I don't know, "recipe sharing and feedback".
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@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d
2024-05-21 12:38:08Bitcoin transactions explained
A transaction is a piece of data that takes inputs and produces outputs. Forget about the blockchain thing, Bitcoin is actually just a big tree of transactions. The blockchain is just a way to keep transactions ordered.
Imagine you have 10 satoshis. That means you have them in an unspent transaction output (UTXO). You want to spend them, so you create a transaction. The transaction should reference unspent outputs as its inputs. Every transaction has an immutable id, so you use that id plus the index of the output (because transactions can have multiple outputs). Then you specify a script that unlocks that transaction and related signatures, then you specify outputs along with a script that locks these outputs.
As you can see, there's this lock/unlocking thing and there are inputs and outputs. Inputs must be unlocked by fulfilling the conditions specified by the person who created the transaction they're in. And outputs must be locked so anyone wanting to spend those outputs will need to unlock them.
For most of the cases locking and unlocking means specifying a public key whose controller (the person who has the corresponding private key) will be able to spend. Other fancy things are possible too, but we can ignore them for now.
Back to the 10 satoshis you want to spend. Since you've successfully referenced 10 satoshis and unlocked them, now you can specify the outputs (this is all done in a single step). You can specify one output of 10 satoshis, two of 5, one of 3 and one of 7, three of 3 and so on. The sum of outputs can't be more than 10. And if the sum of outputs is less than 10 the difference goes to fees. In the first days of Bitcoin you didn't need any fees, but now you do, otherwise your transaction won't be included in any block.
If you're still interested in transactions maybe you could take a look at this small chapter of that Andreas Antonopoulos book.
If you hate Andreas Antonopoulos because he is a communist shitcoiner or don't want to read more than half a page, go here: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Coin_analogy
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@ f60140bb:3a5cd904
2023-08-16 08:02:23Flycat is a client-side software without introducing backends or database setup. the idea is to keep it effortless for users to self host. It mainly use React Nextjs framework in typescript lang.
Branch
master
branch is the one for production development. Every commit merged in master branch will push new release alive.develop
branch is only used for feature involved with tons of works and needs to be tested before release to production.
How to run
Nodejs >= v18.12.1
yarn >= 1.22.19
```sh git clone https://github.com/digi-monkey/flycat-web.git cd flycat-web yarn
development
yarn dev
build for release
yarn build ```
For self-host, check out How to deploy to vercel
Code structure
- TODO
Release
Once a week, we release a regular update version. For hotfix, a instant minor version will be roll out once fixed.
We use project kanban to manage the development and release. every week, we gather the things we want to do in this kanban and release a new version at the end of that week.
Contributing
A good way to start contributing is to check the github issues labeling with
good first issue
.Design Call
Every week, right before a regular release iteration start, we host a regular design call meeting, the meeting is fully open. anyone can join and discuss if they want.
The meeting is mainly focus on:
- things planning to ship in that week
- new contributors self-introduce, asking question about the project or development
- users feedback
The meeting is tentatively scheduled for 1:00 PM UTC+8 hosted on meet.jit.si. Check out flycat official account for meeting link.
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@ 94a6a78a:0ddf320e
2025-02-19 21:10:15Nostr is a revolutionary protocol that enables decentralized, censorship-resistant communication. Unlike traditional social networks controlled by corporations, Nostr operates without central servers or gatekeepers. This openness makes it incredibly powerful—but also means its success depends entirely on users, developers, and relay operators.
If you believe in free speech, decentralization, and an open internet, there are many ways to support and strengthen the Nostr ecosystem. Whether you're a casual user, a developer, or someone looking to contribute financially, every effort helps build a more robust network.
Here’s how you can get involved and make a difference.
1️⃣ Use Nostr Daily
The simplest and most effective way to contribute to Nostr is by using it regularly. The more active users, the stronger and more valuable the network becomes.
✅ Post, comment, and zap (send micro-payments via Bitcoin’s Lightning Network) to keep conversations flowing.\ ✅ Engage with new users and help them understand how Nostr works.\ ✅ Try different Nostr clients like Damus, Amethyst, Snort, or Primal and provide feedback to improve the experience.
Your activity keeps the network alive and helps encourage more developers and relay operators to invest in the ecosystem.
2️⃣ Run Your Own Nostr Relay
Relays are the backbone of Nostr, responsible for distributing messages across the network. The more independent relays exist, the stronger and more censorship-resistant Nostr becomes.
✅ Set up your own relay to help decentralize the network further.\ ✅ Experiment with relay configurations and different performance optimizations.\ ✅ Offer public or private relay services to users looking for high-quality infrastructure.
If you're not technical, you can still support relay operators by subscribing to a paid relay or donating to open-source relay projects.
3️⃣ Support Paid Relays & Infrastructure
Free relays have helped Nostr grow, but they struggle with spam, slow speeds, and sustainability issues. Paid relays help fund better infrastructure, faster message delivery, and a more reliable experience.
✅ Subscribe to a paid relay to help keep it running.\ ✅ Use premium services like media hosting (e.g., Azzamo Blossom) to decentralize content storage.\ ✅ Donate to relay operators who invest in long-term infrastructure.
By funding Nostr’s decentralized backbone, you help ensure its longevity and reliability.
4️⃣ Zap Developers, Creators & Builders
Many people contribute to Nostr without direct financial compensation—developers who build clients, relay operators, educators, and content creators. You can support them with zaps! ⚡
✅ Find developers working on Nostr projects and send them a zap.\ ✅ Support content creators and educators who spread awareness about Nostr.\ ✅ Encourage builders by donating to open-source projects.
Micro-payments via the Lightning Network make it easy to directly support the people who make Nostr better.
5️⃣ Develop New Nostr Apps & Tools
If you're a developer, you can build on Nostr’s open protocol to create new apps, bots, or tools. Nostr is permissionless, meaning anyone can develop for it.
✅ Create new Nostr clients with unique features and user experiences.\ ✅ Build bots or automation tools that improve engagement and usability.\ ✅ Experiment with decentralized identity, authentication, and encryption to make Nostr even stronger.
With no corporate gatekeepers, your projects can help shape the future of decentralized social media.
6️⃣ Promote & Educate Others About Nostr
Adoption grows when more people understand and use Nostr. You can help by spreading awareness and creating educational content.
✅ Write blogs, guides, and tutorials explaining how to use Nostr.\ ✅ Make videos or social media posts introducing new users to the protocol.\ ✅ Host discussions, Twitter Spaces, or workshops to onboard more people.
The more people understand and trust Nostr, the stronger the ecosystem becomes.
7️⃣ Support Open-Source Nostr Projects
Many Nostr tools and clients are built by volunteers, and open-source projects thrive on community support.
✅ Contribute code to existing Nostr projects on GitHub.\ ✅ Report bugs and suggest features to improve Nostr clients.\ ✅ Donate to developers who keep Nostr free and open for everyone.
If you're not a developer, you can still help with testing, translations, and documentation to make projects more accessible.
🚀 Every Contribution Strengthens Nostr
Whether you:
✔️ Post and engage daily\ ✔️ Zap creators and developers\ ✔️ Run or support relays\ ✔️ Build new apps and tools\ ✔️ Educate and onboard new users
Every action helps make Nostr more resilient, decentralized, and unstoppable.
Nostr isn’t just another social network—it’s a movement toward a free and open internet. If you believe in digital freedom, privacy, and decentralization, now is the time to get involved.
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@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d
2024-03-23 08:57:08Nostr is not decentralized nor censorship-resistant
Peter Todd has been saying this for a long time and all the time I've been thinking he is misunderstanding everything, but I guess a more charitable interpretation is that he is right.
Nostr today is indeed centralized.
Yesterday I published two harmless notes with the exact same content at the same time. In two minutes the notes had a noticeable difference in responses:
The top one was published to
wss://nostr.wine
,wss://nos.lol
,wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com
. The second was published to the relay where I generally publish all my notes to,wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com
, and that is announced on my NIP-05 file and on my NIP-65 relay list.A few minutes later I published that screenshot again in two identical notes to the same sets of relays, asking if people understood the implications. The difference in quantity of responses can still be seen today:
These results are skewed now by the fact that the two notes got rebroadcasted to multiple relays after some time, but the fundamental point remains.
What happened was that a huge lot more of people saw the first note compared to the second, and if Nostr was really censorship-resistant that shouldn't have happened at all.
Some people implied in the comments, with an air of obviousness, that publishing the note to "more relays" should have predictably resulted in more replies, which, again, shouldn't be the case if Nostr is really censorship-resistant.
What happens is that most people who engaged with the note are following me, in the sense that they have instructed their clients to fetch my notes on their behalf and present them in the UI, and clients are failing to do that despite me making it clear in multiple ways that my notes are to be found on
wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com
.If we were talking not about me, but about some public figure that was being censored by the State and got banned (or shadowbanned) by the 3 biggest public relays, the sad reality would be that the person would immediately get his reach reduced to ~10% of what they had before. This is not at all unlike what happened to dozens of personalities that were banned from the corporate social media platforms and then moved to other platforms -- how many of their original followers switched to these other platforms? Probably some small percentage close to 10%. In that sense Nostr today is similar to what we had before.
Peter Todd is right that if the way Nostr works is that you just subscribe to a small set of relays and expect to get everything from them then it tends to get very centralized very fast, and this is the reality today.
Peter Todd is wrong that Nostr is inherently centralized or that it needs a protocol change to become what it has always purported to be. He is in fact wrong today, because what is written above is not valid for all clients of today, and if we drive in the right direction we can successfully make Peter Todd be more and more wrong as time passes, instead of the contrary.
See also:
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-06 06:00:25Album art didn’t always exist. In the early 1900s, recorded music was still a novelty, overshadowed by sales of sheet music. Early vinyl records were vastly different from what we think of today: discs were sold individually and could only hold up to four minutes of music per side. Sometimes, only one side of the record was used. One of the most popular records of 1910, for example, was “Come, Josephine, in My Flying Machine”: it clocked in at two minutes and 39 seconds.
The invention of album art can get lost in the story of technological mastery. But among all the factors that contributed to the rise of recorded music, it stands as one of the few that was wholly driven by creators themselves. Album art — first as marketing material, then as pure creative expression — turned an audio-only medium into a multi-sensory experience.
This is the story of the people who made music visible.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/972642
-
@ 55f04590:2d385185
2025-05-12 12:34:10Behind the scenes, a lot has happened over the past weeks.
The design of the book’s pages is nearly finished. I’ve selected and placed the illustrations and sketches I’ll feature and I’m close to finalising the Introduction section. All that’s left to do is a small photo shoot of some things from my archives, selecting one or two more articles for the Context section, and illustrating the articles.
After that I’ll print a dummy and kick off the second round of iteration—crossing T’s, dotting I’s. (And then I’ll cross those T’s and dot those I’s again and again because, surely, more things will arise.)
In parallel, and perhaps most importantly, I’m working on the design of the cover. I have a few ideas I’d like to discuss with the printer to learn more about the various possibilities and costs.
Book site
The book is now also available for pre-order through its own website, where you can pay for it in euros or dollars, if you prefer. BTC payments are still possible, too.
Originally I only offered one pre-order option that included rewards, like a print and a sticker pack. I’ve now named that the Collectors Edition, and added a separate option to order just the book (without additional rewards) at a reduced price.
Once the book is out in the world, this site is where I’ll have it up for sale. I’ll make the articles and illustrations from the Context section available there too. They’ll be published, in their entirety, under the Creative Commons Share-alike license.
Promo video
My friend Lilia shot and edited a short promotional video that provides a glimpse behind the scenes in my studio in Amsterdam, a peek at the book’s production process, and a sneak preview of the first spreads. While the process was new to me, this video was a lot of fun to make and I’m proud of the result.
Pre-orders
The total number of pre-orders has grown to 76—12 of which came through the new website. I initially thought I’d be selling 50 pre-orders at most, so things are definitely exceeding my expectations.
Feel free to place your pre-order through the new site, or use the Geyser crowdfund campaign to secure your copy.
Up next
In my next blog I’ll dive a little deeper into the technical side of the book. I’ll take you through the different kinds of paper I’ll use, the printing methods we’ll employ, and how the book will be bound and finished.
Keep your eyes peeled! Thomas
Previous updates
The NoGood art book announcement Update 01 – Humble beginnings Update 02 – Throwback Update 03 – Loops
Pre-order a book
The NoGood art book is available as a pre-order on book.nogood.studio, where you can pay for it in euros or dollars, if you prefer. BTC payments are still possible, too.
Alternatively, visit the Geyser crowdfund campaign to secure your copy.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/978096
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@ 73cee26b:072f3bb6
2024-02-28 21:09:52I haven't really been on nostr in a year or so, but playing around now it seems like there are WAY fewer zaps. There are some high-profile mega-zapped posts, but almost all posts and conversations are bereft of zaps. What happened? Recession?
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@ 52b4a076:e7fad8bd
2025-04-28 00:48:57I have been recently building NFDB, a new relay DB. This post is meant as a short overview.
Regular relays have challenges
Current relay software have significant challenges, which I have experienced when hosting Nostr.land: - Scalability is only supported by adding full replicas, which does not scale to large relays. - Most relays use slow databases and are not optimized for large scale usage. - Search is near-impossible to implement on standard relays. - Privacy features such as NIP-42 are lacking. - Regular DB maintenance tasks on normal relays require extended downtime. - Fault-tolerance is implemented, if any, using a load balancer, which is limited. - Personalization and advanced filtering is not possible. - Local caching is not supported.
NFDB: A scalable database for large relays
NFDB is a new database meant for medium-large scale relays, built on FoundationDB that provides: - Near-unlimited scalability - Extended fault tolerance - Instant loading - Better search - Better personalization - and more.
Search
NFDB has extended search capabilities including: - Semantic search: Search for meaning, not words. - Interest-based search: Highlight content you care about. - Multi-faceted queries: Easily filter by topic, author group, keywords, and more at the same time. - Wide support for event kinds, including users, articles, etc.
Personalization
NFDB allows significant personalization: - Customized algorithms: Be your own algorithm. - Spam filtering: Filter content to your WoT, and use advanced spam filters. - Topic mutes: Mute topics, not keywords. - Media filtering: With Nostr.build, you will be able to filter NSFW and other content - Low data mode: Block notes that use high amounts of cellular data. - and more
Other
NFDB has support for many other features such as: - NIP-42: Protect your privacy with private drafts and DMs - Microrelays: Easily deploy your own personal microrelay - Containers: Dedicated, fast storage for discoverability events such as relay lists
Calcite: A local microrelay database
Calcite is a lightweight, local version of NFDB that is meant for microrelays and caching, meant for thousands of personal microrelays.
Calcite HA is an additional layer that allows live migration and relay failover in under 30 seconds, providing higher availability compared to current relays with greater simplicity. Calcite HA is enabled in all Calcite deployments.
For zero-downtime, NFDB is recommended.
Noswhere SmartCache
Relays are fixed in one location, but users can be anywhere.
Noswhere SmartCache is a CDN for relays that dynamically caches data on edge servers closest to you, allowing: - Multiple regions around the world - Improved throughput and performance - Faster loading times
routerd
routerd
is a custom load-balancer optimized for Nostr relays, integrated with SmartCache.routerd
is specifically integrated with NFDB and Calcite HA to provide fast failover and high performance.Ending notes
NFDB is planned to be deployed to Nostr.land in the coming weeks.
A lot more is to come. 👀️️️️️️
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@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8
2025-05-10 19:15:50🧠Quote(s) of the week:
'Bitcoin is a high-IQ, low-time-preference asset in a world addicted to DoorDash, dopamine, and debt. Holding Bitcoin requires patience, conviction, and the ability to not panic when CNBC tells you it’s dead for the 47th time. That rules out, oh, I don’t know - 95% of the population? This isn’t some egalitarian revolution. This is a cognitive filter disguised as a monetary network. The rich, the strategic, the elite - those who understand volatility as an opportunity - will stack the hardest asset on Earth while the masses beg for interest rate cuts and $600 stimmies to buy groceries they can't afford.
It's not a level playing field. It's a time-preference war, and Bitcoin is the scoreboard. And every cycle, we watch it happen again. The media ridicules it, the politicians fear it, and the smart money buys more. While fiat punishes savers and rewards financial nihilism, Bitcoin inverts the whole structure. It’s a vault for those who can delay gratification, think generationally, and understand that true wealth is preserved rather than printed. The game isn’t rigged. It’s just calibrated for adults.' - Adam Livingston
'Bitcoin is an extremely simple thesis. If you think governments will stop debasing and debanking: number go down. If you think they won’t stop debasing and debanking: number go up'- Alex Gladstein
Something to ponder on.
🧡Bitcoin news🧡
On the 28th of April:
➡️Hunter Horsley: 'Bitcoin at $94k, yet — Google searches for "Bitcoin" near long-term lows. This hasn't been retail-driven. Institutions, advisors, corporations, and nations have come into the space. The types of investors buying Bitcoin are expanding.'
➡️Daniel Batten: 'Cambridge has just released their updated report on Bitcoin mining. For the first time, their report shows that most (52.4%) of the Bitcoin network is now powered by zero-emission energy sources (up from 37% in their last report).
Here's a summary of their findings:
https://x.com/DSBatten/status/1916903476610650202
You can read the full report here
➡️Arizona’s Bitcoin Reserve bill (SB 1025) just passed the House and now heads to the desk of Governor Katie Hobbs. However, Governor Hobbs has vowed to veto any legislation until a budget impasse over funding for disability services is resolved.
On the 29th of April:
➡️Bitcoin Archive: 'South Korea's ruling party to approve spot Bitcoin ETFs, scrap restrictive banking crypto rules, and introduce crypto-friendly framework THIS YEAR, if it wins the June election.'
➡️President Trump's Executive Director says there is a "space race" amongst countries to accumulate Bitcoin: "We view Bitcoin as digital gold."
➡️U.S. to "turbo-charge" Bitcoin mining growth by allowing Bitcoin miners to build power plants and data centres near natural gas fields - Howard Lutnick, Commerce Secretary
➡️Japanese clothing company ANAP Holdings Inc. bought 35 Bitcoins worth $3.3 million. ANAP now holds 51.7 BTC, joining Japan’s growing corporate Bitcoin treasury movement.
➡️Semler Scientific adds 165 BTC for $15.7M, bringing total holdings to 3,467 BTC. The company reports a 23.8% BTC yield year-to-date.
➡️The Bitcoin hashrate has already surged over 17% since the start of the year.
➡️'This shattered a major myth for me: gold production isn’t slowing down—it’s accelerating. According to NYDIG, annual gold mining has been steadily increasing over time, about 1.6% per year, thanks to better extraction technology. In fact, 2024 saw a 1% year-over-year increase, setting an all-time high in gold output (World Gold Council). So why do so many still believe the outdated narrative that gold is becoming harder to find? The truth is: gold is effectively unlimited in supply—we just get better at digging it up. If that surprises you, you're probably not nearly bullish enough on Bitcoin.' - Robert Hefner https://i.ibb.co/JWCHndQk/Gpu-W9-R1-Xw-AAiy-Cv.jpg
On the 30th of April:
➡️The Bank of Italy identifies Bitcoin as an emerging risk factor with concerns for the financial system.
"The strong growth of Bitcoin and other crypto-assets with high price volatility means risks not only for investors but also potentially for financial stability, given the growing interconnections between the digital asset ecosystem, the traditional financial sector, and the real economy,”
Tell me you are scared of Bitcoin without telling me you are scared of Bitcoin.
➡️4 major wirehouses managing $10 TRILLION to start offering Bitcoin ETFs to clients this year, says BitWise CIO Matt Hougan. Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, Wells Fargo, and UBS are coming to the party.
➡️Roswell, New Mexico, becomes the 1st United States city to launch a strategic Bitcoin reserve.
➡️BlackRock’s Bitcoin ETF IBIT has hit 600,000 BTC!
➡️Semler Scientific bought 165 Bitcoins worth $15.7m. They now hold 3,467 BTC on their balance sheet.
➡️Bitcoin News: 'El Salvador is still buying Bitcoin despite an IMF loan deal that required it to stop. Economy Minister Maria Luisa Hayem confirmed ongoing accumulation, calling Bitcoin “an important project” and a key asset for both the government and private sector.'
➡️New whales are buying Bitcoin faster than ever before!
➡️'ZachXBT says the $330M Bitcoin theft involved an elderly U.S. victim targeted by social engineering. The stolen 3,520 BTC were laundered through six exchanges and swapped into Monero, triggering a 50% price spike due to thin liquidity.' -Bitcoin News
On the 1st of May:
➡️North Carolina Bitcoin Reserve Bill has passed the House! This bill enables state retirement funds to invest up to $ 13 B.
➡️Tether’s latest attestation states the company holds $7.6 billion in Bitcoin.
➡️Europe's largest Bitcoin treasury company, The Blockchain Group, aspires to hold 1% of the total Bitcoin supply by 2033.
➡️FiatHawk: 'Central banks create fake money to buy real gold, and we’re supposed to pretend this isn’t theft. The game is rigged. Their paper is trash. Gold knows it. Bitcoin ends it. Stop believing the lie.
https://i.ibb.co/mrBZtY5P/Gpl4kl-ak-AA-xv-D.png
When the debt bubble collapses, only sound money with zero counterparty risk matters. Currently, sound money is less than 5% of debt money, and Bitcoin is so tiny it is barely visible on the chart. Stay humble and keep stacking.' https://i.ibb.co/QF0Vf9k8/Gpu-CCIWa-YAAng1-U.png
On the 2nd of May:
➡️ Regarding the whole OP_Return debate.
Grok: ++Key Points: ++ * The OP_RETURN debate in Bitcoin centers on whether its blockchain should store data beyond financial transactions, with ongoing controversy. * It began in 2010 with concerns about blockchain bloat, intensified in 2014 with the "OP_Return Wars," and continues today. * Research suggests the debate reflects a balance between Bitcoin's monetary purpose and potential for broader applications like Dapps. * Compromises, like setting a 40-byte limit in 2014, aimed to address concerns but didn't fully resolve tensions, influencing platforms like Ethereum.
++Background++ OP_RETURN is a Bitcoin script opcode allowing small data storage in transactions, useful for timestamping or Dapps, but raising concerns about blockchain bloat.
++Historical Context++
The debate started in 2010 with the BitDNS proposal, where Satoshi Nakamoto worried about scalability, leading to Namecoin. It peaked in 2014 with Counterparty's use, leading to a 40-byte limit compromise, later adjusted to 83 bytes by 2016.
++Recent Developments++ By 2018-2019, high OP_RETURN usage (20% of transactions) sparked fee debates, but usage has since declined, though data remains, with recent 2023 controversies over size limits.
If you are interested in Bitcoin, then you should check out the following video.
Great video from @GrassFedBitcoin explaining the current OP_RETURN situation. The choice isn’t between bloating the UTXO set or increasing OP_RETURN, it’s whether we normalize spam or we reject it. Is Bitcoin for data storage or financial transactions? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15biQH1H140 Every Bitcoiner needs to see this! Vires in Numeris.
A great counterargument by Seth for Privacy:
https://x.com/sethforprivacy/status/1919003009880616976
Personally, I tend to agree with Seth.
To sum it up:
If you are running a node, you should switch from Core to Knots immediately. It's very straightforward, and you don't need to redo the initial block download.
If you arent running a node you are a leech and need to get your shit together.
➡️Tether CEO defends skipping MiCA, calling EU stablecoin rules “very dangerous.” Ardoino: “The European Central Bank is more interested in pushing the digital euro to control people and how they spend their money.”
On the 3rd of May:
➡️Arizona Governor Katie Hobbs has vetoed the state’s Strategic Bitcoin Reserve legislation after it was passed by the House and Senate. She states: “Arizonans’ retirement funds are not the place for the state to try untested investments like virtual currency.”
Apparently, the Arizona State Retirement System already holds 53,097 shares of MSTR. You can’t make this shit up.
➡️Vitalik Buterin: 'One of the best things about Bitcoin is how simple it is. This simplicity has lots of benefits. Let's bring those benefits to Ethereum.' Almost like Bitcoin is eh......(checks notes)......better tech. Just use Bitcoin, dumbfuck! 'It's only taken a decade, but Ethereum's creator is having an inkling that he never should have created Ethereum, which destroyed billions of precious capital and instead focused on Bitcoin.' - Vijay Boyapati
There is no second best!
On the 4th of May:
➡️Eli Nagar:
Heads up, Bitcoin holders: The EU will ban anonymous crypto accounts by July 2027. Every transaction above €1,000 will need your ID. Privacy is becoming extinct. Every new restriction is a marketing campaign for Bitcoin. “Hi, we’re the EU. We’ll surveil you, control your money, and criminalise privacy.” By doing that, they have decided to help promote the black market...great work, EU! Oh, and remember, the EU can't ban what it has no control over: hold your own private keys.
➡️Cumulative inflows into the Bitcoin ETFs have hit a fresh ATH of $ 40.62 B.
On the 5th of May:
➡️Brown University invested $4.9M in Bitcoin via BlackRock's IBIT, as disclosed in a recent SEC filing. The university owns 105K IBIT shares ($5.8M), 2.3% of Brown's reported $216M equity holdings.
➡️Strategy acquires 1,895 BTC for $180.3 million at an average price of $95,167 per bitcoin. As of May 4, 2025, they hold 555,450 BTC acquired for $38.08 billion at an average price of $68,550 per bitcoin.
💸Traditional Finance / Macro:
On the 3rd of May:
👉🏽Berkshire Hathaway cash pile hits record $347.7bn in 1Q as Warren Buffett sells stocks for 10th quarter in a row. Buffett is still raising cash. https://i.ibb.co/1GK6Dvzx/Gq-Bp6q-BW4-AAKKlm.jpg
🏦Banks:
👉🏽 No news
🌎Macro/Geopolitics:
On the 27th of April:
👉🏽World central banks are diversifying their reserves: Foreign holdings of Treasuries as % of US government debt have fallen to ~23%, the lowest in 22 years. The percentage is down ~11 percentage points over the last 9 years. At the same time, gold holdings as a % of global international reserves have hit ~18%, the highest in 26 years. The share has risen by ~8 percentage points since 2015. China has been one of the biggest buyers of gold over the last few years. Since the beginning of 2023, China’s gold reserves as a % of total foreign reserves have doubled to 7.1%.
Everyone wants gold. https://i.ibb.co/NgX11DZh/Gp4-GKc-HWMAAa-FYu.jpg
On the 28th of April:
👉🏽TKL: 'Tariffs are hitting American meat exports.
China's cancellations of US pork shipments are skyrocketing: China cancelled shipments of ~12,000 metric tons of US pork last week, the most since the 2020 pandemic, when global supply chains were halted. As a result, overall US pork export sales dropped to their lowest level since October, according to Bloomberg. This comes as American pork imports to China now face a massive 172% tariff. This includes the duties first imposed during the 2018 trade war.'
On the 29th of April:
👉🏽The U.S. Treasury will now need to borrow $514 billion this quarter, an increase of 320% from its previous estimate.
On the 30th of April:
👉🏽'Bad news for electricity consumers: despite 84 hours of negative pricing (2024: 62 hours), the average electricity price in the Netherlands in April was €75/MWh — nearly 30% higher than a year ago.' - Martien Visser
https://i.ibb.co/VsrFdKy/Gps0l-Au-Xs-AA20-OA.png
👉🏽Tax cuts for the rich lead to higher income inequality. However, they do not have any significant effect on economic growth or unemployment. Empirical evidence for advanced economies over 1965-2015:
https://academic.oup.com/ser/article/20/2/539/6500315?login=false
Trickle down never worked.
👉🏽"Since February 2020, home prices have increased 45%," according to Zillow So has the broad money supply. Not your house is getting more expensive; The money is getting devalued.
Money supply= +40%
Median home= +40%
Experts: "What could have ever caused this????"
And some freaking guru on Instagram or Tiktok is trying to convince you to get his/her 'buying/renting a house' course. https://i.ibb.co/bMXfW3vp/Gp0-CXg-Ka-YAAIhq-J.jpg
👉🏽SUMMARY OF US Q1 GDP REPORT: 1. The U.S. economy contracted at an annual rate of -0.3% in the first quarter, compared to expectations for an increase of 0.2%. That’s down from the growth of 2.4% in Q4. 2. Real consumer spending rose by 1.8% Y/Y, after increasing 4.0% in Q4. 3. The GDP Price Index rose 3.7%, above estimates of 3.1%. 4. Core PCE Prices rose 3.5%, after increasing 2.6% in Q4.
• Key Takeaway: Fears of stagflation are growing as the economy grinds to a halt and inflation ticks higher. - Jesse Cohen
👉🏽World debt has now officially crossed $300 TRILLION, and still continues to climb aggressively. This will not end well…
https://i.ibb.co/Kxm2bJs6/Gpyi-Ouwa-YAEDg-Pq.jpg
👉🏽'March PCE inflation, the Fed's preferred inflation measure, FALLS to 2.3%, above expectations of 2.2%. Core PCE inflation FALLS to 2.6%, in line with expectations of 2.6%. February Core PCE inflation was revised up to 3.0%. All eyes are on the Fed next week.' - TKL
🎁If you have made it this far, I would like to give you a little gift, well, in this case, two gifts:
Smitty's Bitcoin Retirement Guide:
"Helping you develop a better Bitcoin stacking target for life planning." - Sminston With This is a fantastic tool. Very, very useful. I will keep mentioning it. Bitcoin is a savings vehicle. Period!
https://x.com/sminston_with/status/1917605539279954391
The best kind of retirement starts in diapers and ends in diapers, so start now. https://i.ibb.co/4RwFxR0W/Gpys-GQga-YAIxm-MX.jpg
nofinancialadvice
Credit: I have used multiple sources!
My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly.
Use the code SE3997
Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀ ⠀
⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀
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If so, please share it and support my work with a zap.
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Felipe - Bitcoin Friday!
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@ b8851a06:9b120ba1
2025-02-18 20:42:10Nothing disgusts me more than the way the white-collar justice system operates—where billion-dollar crimes are punished with pocket-change fines, and the executives responsible walk free, richer than ever. You will never see this on the centralized, Keynesian, fiat-owned mainstream media. Only here on #Nostr, where the truth isn’t for sale.
JPMorgan Chase is not just a bank—it is a repeat offender in the global financial system. With 272 violations and $39.3 billion in fines since 2000, its track record rivals that of the most notorious criminal enterprises. And yet, it remains untouchable, shielded by its financial dominance and a regulatory system that punishes lawbreaking with fines too insignificant to be real deterrents.
In 2024 alone, JPMorgan Chase reported $58.5 billion in net income, an 18% increase from 2023. Meanwhile, it incurred $825 million in fines, which accounted for just 1.41% of its net income—a rounding error for the banking giant.
Fines vs. Profits: The Cost of Doing Business
Year Total Revenue (in billions) Net Income (in billions) Total Fines (in billions) Fines as % of Net Income 2024 $177.6 $58.5 $0.825 1.41% 2023 $158.1 $49.6 Data not specified N/A 2022 $132.3 $35.9 Data not specified N/A
Sources: Bloomberg, Ventureburn
JPMorgan’s profits dwarf the penalties it pays, showing that these fines are simply the cost of doing business.
2024: A Continuation of Violations
Despite its massive profits, JPMorgan continues its long history of lawbreaking. In 2024 alone, it has been fined $825 million across multiple categories: • $250 million – Banking violations • $200 million – Investor protection violations • $151 million – Securities violations • $125 million – Price-fixing practices • $98.2 million – Banking violations
Additionally, in January 2024, the bank was fined $18 million for forcing customers to stay silent about illegal activities through confidential release agreements—another example of corporate misconduct being covered up rather than addressed.
JPMorgan has admitted to market manipulation, securities fraud, and price-fixing—yet it remains a repeat offender because financial penalties do not impact its bottom line.
The Human Cost: How JPMorgan Hurts Regular People
While JPMorgan’s executives cash in on record profits, their crimes directly harm ordinary people: • Loan denials due to false credit reporting • Higher interest rates on credit cards and loans • Difficulty opening new deposit accounts • Challenges in renting apartments or securing jobs • Thousands of suspicious transactions totaling $1.5 billion went unreported
Beyond the numbers, real people suffer from these violations. In 2024, JPMorgan was sued for failing to protect consumers from fraud on the Zelle payment platform. Customers lost over $870 million since Zelle’s 2017 launch, and JPMorgan ignored thousands of fraud complaints, even advising victims to contact scammers directly to get their money back.
This is not just corporate negligence—it is systematic exploitation.
Breakdown of JPMorgan’s Violations (2000-2024)
JPMorgan’s violations span nearly every financial crime category imaginable: • Toxic Securities Abuses: $13.46 billion • Investor Protection Violations: $6.25 billion • Mortgage Abuses: $5.36 billion • Banking Violations: $4.26 billion • Consumer Protection Violations: $3.19 billion
This systematic lawbreaking has become a business strategy rather than a legal risk.
Regulatory Capture: Why JPMorgan Gets Away With It
The question remains: Why does nothing change? The answer is regulatory capture—where the regulators responsible for policing the banks are influenced or controlled by the industry itself.
The Revolving Door: How Banks Own Their Regulators
• Regulators frequently leave their jobs to work for the banks they once supervised. • The banking industry is so complex that even lawmakers struggle to verify its practices. • Regulators fear antagonizing banks because they often seek employment in the same industry.
JPMorgan exploits this system to avoid real consequences. Its CEO, Jamie Dimon, has openly criticized regulation and vowed to fight new financial rules, ensuring that oversight remains weak and penalties remain a slap on the wrist.
Systematic Failures in Regulation
• Consumer protection is spread across seven different agencies, creating inefficiency. • Conflicts of interest within these agencies weaken enforcement. • Some regulators have explicit mandates to promote the financial system’s competitiveness rather than hold banks accountable.
This cycle ensures that fines remain low, executives avoid jail, and banks like JPMorgan continue breaking the law with impunity.
Industry-Wide Issues: A Systemic Problem
JPMorgan Chase is not alone. The banking sector as a whole is rife with fraud and corruption: • Wells Fargo: In 2024, Wells Fargo was sued for failing to protect customers from fraud on the Zelle payment platform, contributing to $870 million in consumer losses. • Bank of America: Also implicated in the Zelle fraud lawsuit for failing to implement basic fraud protections.
These cases prove that financial misconduct is not an exception—it’s the industry standard.
Too Big to Fail, Too Criminal to Stop
JPMorgan’s status as a “too big to fail” institution means that no matter how many laws it breaks, no matter how many billions it pays in fines, it remains untouchable.
If an individual committed fraud, price-fixing, or money laundering on this scale, they would spend a lifetime in prison. JPMorgan? It just keeps making record profits.
This is not justice. This is the financial elite operating above the law. Until executives face criminal prosecution instead of just fines, JPMorgan Chase will remain what it has been for decades:
A financial felon in a three-piece suit.
The Next Stage of Banking Corruption
JPMorgan’s violations are not just a relic of past financial crises. The next stage of banking corruption is already underway—and this time, the stakes are even higher.
With AI-driven market manipulation, rising corporate surveillance, and the increasing concentration of financial power, the system is evolving in ways that regulators are not prepared to handle. JPMorgan and its peers are already positioning themselves to profit from the next crisis, just as they did in 2008.
The question is not whether JPMorgan will commit future crimes. The question is how much they will profit from them—and how little they will be held accountable.
The reality is clear: JPMorgan Chase is not a bank that sometimes breaks the law. It is a criminal enterprise that happens to operate as a bank.
#Bitcoin is the exit. The escape from their rigged system. The end of their unchecked power.
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@ 0861144c:e68a1caf
2025-05-12 12:33:43This is my Bitcoin full node. There are many like it, but this one is mine. My node is my best friend. It is my life. I must master it as I must master my life. Without me, my node is useless. Without my node, I am useless. I must run my node true. I must verify my enemy who is trying to dilute me. I must reject his inflationary blocks. I will. Bitstein (2019)
I love debates. I'm one of those people who, just for fun, analyzes Abraham Lincoln’s speeches on slavery during his election campaigns, or revisits the Frost-Nixon debates—or pretty much any speech I can get my hands on. The essence of debates—and now that I've discovered Socratic seminars—even further enriches the community itself. Where we, as a Bitcoin community, stand superior in every sense of the word is that we don't just talk to stake out positions; a Bitcoiner takes a stand through their actions.
And that's exactly what we've seen over these past few weeks of debate about
OP_RETURN
.Many people—instinctively, I’d say—are inviting Bitcoin maximalists to move over to ETH and create non-monetary use cases, even as those same people are the ones loudly promoting and encouraging everyone to get Bitcoinized. So, we find ourselves in a clear contradiction that remains largely misunderstood, especially when podcasters who have never reviewed a single pull request, don't know how the merge works, and don't even have a GitHub account, suddenly want to jump into a debate encouraging others to switch node classes.
As for me, that’s totally fine. The reason is simple: if you are a true Bitcoiner, it doesn't matter whether you understand programming (or not), use Knots, Core[^1], or any other client—as long as you run your own node. I believe this debate helped motivate people and warned them about the real danger of not running their own node.
[^1]: I encourage people to download Core.
Why is it important to run your own node?
When people are using Bitcoin in ways you disagree with, or creating use cases you don't support, the best way to express your disapproval is through your node. Because at the end of the day, it’s the node that allows us to verify transactions—it’s the step before final broadcast to the blockchain. Every node that gets deployed is another victory for the community against reliance on trust; every downloaded node strengthens user privacy.
The fastest way to destroy Bitcoin is by discouraging the use of personal nodes, because centralized services thrive when fewer people use this critical tool.
Use your node.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/978094
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-06 05:49:01I don’t like garlic. It’s not a dislike for the taste in the moment, so much as an extreme dislike for the way it stays with you—sometimes for days—after a particularly garlicky meal.
Interestingly enough, both of my brothers love garlic. They roast it by itself and keep it at the ready so they can have a very strong garlic profile in their cooking. When I prepare a dish, I don’t even see garlic on the ingredient list. I’ve cut it out of my life so completely that my brain genuinely skips over it in recipes. While my brothers are looking for ways to sneak garlic into everything they make, I’m subconsciously avoiding it altogether.
A few years back, when I was digging intensely into how design systems mature, I stumbled on the concept of a design system origin story. There are two extreme origin stories and an infinite number of possibilities between. On one hand you have the grassroots system, where individuals working on digital products are simply trying to solve their own daily problems. They’re frustrated with having to go cut and paste elements from past designs or with recreating the same layouts over and over, so they start to work more systematically. On the other hand, you have the top down system, where leadership is directing teams to take a more systematic approach, often forming a small partially dedicated core team to tackle some centralized assets and guidelines for all to follow. The influences in those early days bias a design system in interesting and impactful ways.
We’ve established that there are a few types of bias that are either intentionally or unintentionally embedded into our design systems. Acknowledging this is a great first step. But, what’s the impact of this? Does it matter?
I believe there are a few impacts design system biases, but there’s one that stands out. The bias in your design system makes some individuals feel the system is meant for them and others feel it’s not. This is a problem because, a design system cannot live up to it’s expected value until it is broadly in use. If individuals feel your design system is not for them, the won’t use it. And, as you know, it doesn’t matter how good your design system is if nobody is using it.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/972641
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@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5
2025-04-26 20:33:30Status: Draft
Author: TheWildHustleAbstract
This NIP defines a framework for storing and sharing health and fitness profile data on Nostr. It establishes a set of standardized event kinds for individual health metrics, allowing applications to selectively access specific health information while preserving user control and privacy.
In this framework exists - NIP-101h.1 Weight using kind 1351 - NIP-101h.2 Height using kind 1352 - NIP-101h.3 Age using kind 1353 - NIP-101h.4 Gender using kind 1354 - NIP-101h.5 Fitness Level using kind 1355
Motivation
I want to build and support an ecosystem of health and fitness related nostr clients that have the ability to share and utilize a bunch of specific interoperable health metrics.
- Selective access - Applications can access only the data they need
- User control - Users can choose which metrics to share
- Interoperability - Different health applications can share data
- Privacy - Sensitive health information can be managed independently
Specification
Kind Number Range
Health profile metrics use the kind number range 1351-1399:
| Kind | Metric | | --------- | ---------------------------------- | | 1351 | Weight | | 1352 | Height | | 1353 | Age | | 1354 | Gender | | 1355 | Fitness Level | | 1356-1399 | Reserved for future health metrics |
Common Structure
All health metric events SHOULD follow these guidelines:
- The content field contains the primary value of the metric
- Required tags:
['t', 'health']
- For categorizing as health data['t', metric-specific-tag]
- For identifying the specific metric['unit', unit-of-measurement]
- When applicable- Optional tags:
['converted_value', value, unit]
- For providing alternative unit measurements['timestamp', ISO8601-date]
- When the metric was measured['source', application-name]
- The source of the measurement
Unit Handling
Health metrics often have multiple ways to be measured. To ensure interoperability:
- Where multiple units are possible, one standard unit SHOULD be chosen as canonical
- When using non-standard units, a
converted_value
tag SHOULD be included with the canonical unit - Both the original and converted values should be provided for maximum compatibility
Client Implementation Guidelines
Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:
- Allow users to explicitly choose which metrics to publish
- Support reading health metrics from other users when appropriate permissions exist
- Support updating metrics with new values over time
- Preserve tags they don't understand for future compatibility
- Support at least the canonical unit for each metric
Extensions
New health metrics can be proposed as extensions to this NIP using the format:
- NIP-101h.X where X is the metric number
Each extension MUST specify: - A unique kind number in the range 1351-1399 - The content format and meaning - Required and optional tags - Examples of valid events
Privacy Considerations
Health data is sensitive personal information. Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:
- Make it clear to users when health data is being published
- Consider incorporating NIP-44 encryption for sensitive metrics
- Allow users to selectively share metrics with specific individuals
- Provide easy ways to delete previously published health data
NIP-101h.1: Weight
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing weight data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1351
Content
The content field MUST contain the numeric weight value as a string.
Required Tags
- ['unit', 'kg' or 'lb'] - Unit of measurement
- ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
- ['t', 'weight'] - Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
- ['converted_value', value, unit] - Provides the weight in alternative units for interoperability
- ['timestamp', ISO8601 date] - When the weight was measured
Examples
json { "kind": 1351, "content": "70", "tags": [ ["unit", "kg"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"] ] }
json { "kind": 1351, "content": "154", "tags": [ ["unit", "lb"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"], ["converted_value", "69.85", "kg"] ] }
NIP-101h.2: Height
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing height data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1352
Content
The content field can use two formats: - For metric height: A string containing the numeric height value in centimeters (cm) - For imperial height: A JSON string with feet and inches properties
Required Tags
['t', 'health']
- Categorization tag['t', 'height']
- Specific metric tag['unit', 'cm' or 'imperial']
- Unit of measurement
Optional Tags
['converted_value', value, 'cm']
- Provides height in centimeters for interoperability when imperial is used['timestamp', ISO8601-date]
- When the height was measured
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Metric height Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Imperial height with conversion Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Centimeters (cm) is the canonical unit for height interoperability
- When using imperial units, a conversion to centimeters SHOULD be provided
- Height values SHOULD be positive integers
- For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support both formats
NIP-101h.3: Age
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing age data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1353
Content
The content field MUST contain the numeric age value as a string.
Required Tags
['unit', 'years']
- Unit of measurement['t', 'health']
- Categorization tag['t', 'age']
- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]
- When the age was recorded['dob', ISO8601-date]
- Date of birth (if the user chooses to share it)
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic age Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Age with DOB Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Age SHOULD be represented as a positive integer
- For privacy reasons, date of birth (dob) is optional
- Clients SHOULD consider updating age automatically if date of birth is known
- Age can be a sensitive metric and clients may want to consider encrypting this data
NIP-101h.4: Gender
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing gender data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1354
Content
The content field contains a string representing the user's gender.
Required Tags
['t', 'health']
- Categorization tag['t', 'gender']
- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]
- When the gender was recorded['preferred_pronouns', string]
- User's preferred pronouns
Common Values
While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - male - female - non-binary - other - prefer-not-to-say
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic gender Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Gender with pronouns Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Clients SHOULD allow free-form input for gender
- For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support the common values
- Gender is a sensitive personal attribute and clients SHOULD consider appropriate privacy controls
- Applications focusing on health metrics should be respectful of gender diversity
NIP-101h.5: Fitness Level
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing fitness level data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1355
Content
The content field contains a string representing the user's fitness level.
Required Tags
['t', 'health']
- Categorization tag['t', 'fitness']
- Fitness category tag['t', 'level']
- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]
- When the fitness level was recorded['activity', activity-type]
- Specific activity the fitness level relates to['metrics', JSON-string]
- Quantifiable fitness metrics used to determine level
Common Values
While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - beginner - intermediate - advanced - elite - professional
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic fitness level Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Activity-specific fitness level with metrics Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Fitness level is subjective and may vary by activity
- The activity tag can be used to specify fitness level for different activities
- The metrics tag can provide objective measurements to support the fitness level
- Clients can extend this format to include activity-specific fitness assessments
- For general fitness apps, the simple beginner/intermediate/advanced scale is recommended
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@ d61f3bc5:0da6ef4a
2025-02-12 16:57:44Micropayments on the Internet have been theorized for decades. However, it wasn’t until the emergence of Nostr that we’ve finally seen them deployed at scale. Nostr is still in its infancy, yet we are already witnessing an explosion of apps built on top of this open protocol. And most of them are featuring zaps! With the recent Primal 2.1 release, Nostr developers now have the option to enhance the experience for their users by integrating a Nostr-powered bitcoin wallet.
There is no doubt that micropayments add a new dimension to consumer apps. The incumbents have realized this and are rushing to add payments to their closed platforms. It won't be long before apps that don’t include built-in payments feel dated or outright broken. The question is not if apps of the future will have built-in payments, but what kind of payments they will be. Given that open networks have a tendency to win, our bet is that apps of the future will be powered by Bitcoin. Let’s see how Primal can help.
Primal Wallet
Our vision for Primal Wallet is simple: deliver the smoothest transactional bitcoin wallet, endowed with expert Nostr skills. The wallet leverages Nostr’s open social graph as a de facto public lightning directory, while offering the highest level of user experience for Nostr’s rich content. For example, the user can scroll through the transaction list, select a zap, and drill straight into the conversation thread where the zap originated. The whole flow feels perfectly natural.
Since we launched Primal Wallet in December 2023, the user response has been incredibly positive. People love the idea of being able to post something on Nostr, get zaps from plebs around the world, then buy a coffee or a meal with those sats - all from the same app.
Having a bitcoin wallet with social skills resonated strongly with users, so Primal Wallet grew rapidly in popularity and usage. Since the launch, we have processed 1,338,460 transactions, with 238,916 just in the past month alone. This rivals some of the leading bitcoin wallets, and we are just getting started! We hear from many bitcoin OGs that they are using Primal Wallet as their transactional daily driver. Bullish.
All this is great, but something has been missing. Our users demanded the ability to connect Primal Wallet to other Nostr apps, so they can zap from anywhere in Nostr’s growing ecosystem.
Zapping from Any Nostr App
For an existing Primal user, connecting the wallet to a new Nostr app can now be done in two clicks. Let’s take a look at how this is done from Olas, one of the most exciting new apps on Nostr:
Yes. Click, click. And you can start zapping!
Such smooth integration of payments is not available in any competing technology stack. Tradfi, fintech, crypto, etc., have nothing on Bitcoin and Nostr. Two clicks and your external wallet is connected. I’ll give you a moment now to allow for this new reality to settle in.
Primal enables you to connect any number of external apps and manage them from wallet settings:
Note that you can set your daily spend budget for each app or revoke its access at any time.
How This Works
So, what is this sorcery? How does it work under the hood?
Connecting Nostr apps to external wallets is accomplished via the Nostr Wallet Connect protocol. It utilizes Nostr’s public relay infrastructure to enable communication between apps and wallets. You can learn more about this protocol here, and access developer docs here.
The smooth, two-click connection setup UX is implemented through deep links between Primal and the external app. Here’s the deep link that the external app needs to call to invoke this feature:
nostrnwc+primal://connect?appicon=[icon_url]&appname=[app_name]&callback=[callback_string]
After the user clicks “Create Wallet Connection” in Primal, the Primal app calls the deep link defined in the callback, and passes the NWC connection string. That's all that the external app needs to make the wallet connection.
What Comes Next?
The Nostr Wallet Connect protocol has been around for almost two years. Several bitcoin wallets implement it and many Nostr apps use it as their main way of enabling payments. What’s new with Primal 2.1 is the elevated user experience. Since Primal is a Nostr-powered wallet, it is aware of all the relevant metadata for each transaction: Nostr zaps, users, and the related events. Primal indexes the entire Nostr network, and now this is open to all Nostr apps that wish to integrate payments.
Nostr keeps expanding and getting better. Its openness enables us to build capabilities that lift all boats. The future is bright; I can’t wait to see how things evolve from here. 🍿🍿🍿
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@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c
2025-04-26 10:16:21O Contexto Legal Brasileiro e o Consentimento
No ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o consentimento do ofendido pode, em certas circunstâncias, afastar a ilicitude de um ato que, sem ele, configuraria crime (como lesão corporal leve, prevista no Art. 129 do Código Penal). Contudo, o consentimento tem limites claros: não é válido para bens jurídicos indisponíveis, como a vida, e sua eficácia é questionável em casos de lesões corporais graves ou gravíssimas.
A prática de BDSM consensual situa-se em uma zona complexa. Em tese, se ambos os parceiros são adultos, capazes, e consentiram livre e informadamente nos atos praticados, sem que resultem em lesões graves permanentes ou risco de morte não consentido, não haveria crime. O desafio reside na comprovação desse consentimento, especialmente se uma das partes, posteriormente, o negar ou alegar coação.
A Lei Maria da Penha (Lei nº 11.340/2006)
A Lei Maria da Penha é um marco fundamental na proteção da mulher contra a violência doméstica e familiar. Ela estabelece mecanismos para coibir e prevenir tal violência, definindo suas formas (física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral) e prevendo medidas protetivas de urgência.
Embora essencial, a aplicação da lei em contextos de BDSM pode ser delicada. Uma alegação de violência por parte da mulher, mesmo que as lesões ou situações decorram de práticas consensuais, tende a receber atenção prioritária das autoridades, dada a presunção de vulnerabilidade estabelecida pela lei. Isso pode criar um cenário onde o parceiro masculino enfrenta dificuldades significativas em demonstrar a natureza consensual dos atos, especialmente se não houver provas robustas pré-constituídas.
Outros riscos:
Lesão corporal grave ou gravíssima (art. 129, §§ 1º e 2º, CP), não pode ser justificada pelo consentimento, podendo ensejar persecução penal.
Crimes contra a dignidade sexual (arts. 213 e seguintes do CP) são de ação pública incondicionada e independem de representação da vítima para a investigação e denúncia.
Riscos de Falsas Acusações e Alegação de Coação Futura
Os riscos para os praticantes de BDSM, especialmente para o parceiro que assume o papel dominante ou que inflige dor/restrição (frequentemente, mas não exclusivamente, o homem), podem surgir de diversas frentes:
- Acusações Externas: Vizinhos, familiares ou amigos que desconhecem a natureza consensual do relacionamento podem interpretar sons, marcas ou comportamentos como sinais de abuso e denunciar às autoridades.
- Alegações Futuras da Parceira: Em caso de término conturbado, vingança, arrependimento ou mudança de perspectiva, a parceira pode reinterpretar as práticas passadas como abuso e buscar reparação ou retaliação através de uma denúncia. A alegação pode ser de que o consentimento nunca existiu ou foi viciado.
- Alegação de Coação: Uma das formas mais complexas de refutar é a alegação de que o consentimento foi obtido mediante coação (física, moral, psicológica ou econômica). A parceira pode alegar, por exemplo, que se sentia pressionada, intimidada ou dependente, e que seu "sim" não era genuíno. Provar a ausência de coação a posteriori é extremamente difícil.
- Ingenuidade e Vulnerabilidade Masculina: Muitos homens, confiando na dinâmica consensual e na parceira, podem negligenciar a necessidade de precauções. A crença de que "isso nunca aconteceria comigo" ou a falta de conhecimento sobre as implicações legais e o peso processual de uma acusação no âmbito da Lei Maria da Penha podem deixá-los vulneráveis. A presença de marcas físicas, mesmo que consentidas, pode ser usada como evidência de agressão, invertendo o ônus da prova na prática, ainda que não na teoria jurídica.
Estratégias de Prevenção e Mitigação
Não existe um método infalível para evitar completamente o risco de uma falsa acusação, mas diversas medidas podem ser adotadas para construir um histórico de consentimento e reduzir vulnerabilidades:
- Comunicação Explícita e Contínua: A base de qualquer prática BDSM segura é a comunicação constante. Negociar limites, desejos, palavras de segurança ("safewords") e expectativas antes, durante e depois das cenas é crucial. Manter registros dessas negociações (e-mails, mensagens, diários compartilhados) pode ser útil.
-
Documentação do Consentimento:
-
Contratos de Relacionamento/Cena: Embora a validade jurídica de "contratos BDSM" seja discutível no Brasil (não podem afastar normas de ordem pública), eles servem como forte evidência da intenção das partes, da negociação detalhada de limites e do consentimento informado. Devem ser claros, datados, assinados e, idealmente, reconhecidos em cartório (para prova de data e autenticidade das assinaturas).
-
Registros Audiovisuais: Gravar (com consentimento explícito para a gravação) discussões sobre consentimento e limites antes das cenas pode ser uma prova poderosa. Gravar as próprias cenas é mais complexo devido a questões de privacidade e potencial uso indevido, mas pode ser considerado em casos específicos, sempre com consentimento mútuo documentado para a gravação.
Importante: a gravação deve ser com ciência da outra parte, para não configurar violação da intimidade (art. 5º, X, da Constituição Federal e art. 20 do Código Civil).
-
-
Testemunhas: Em alguns contextos de comunidade BDSM, a presença de terceiros de confiança durante negociações ou mesmo cenas pode servir como testemunho, embora isso possa alterar a dinâmica íntima do casal.
- Estabelecimento Claro de Limites e Palavras de Segurança: Definir e respeitar rigorosamente os limites (o que é permitido, o que é proibido) e as palavras de segurança é fundamental. O desrespeito a uma palavra de segurança encerra o consentimento para aquele ato.
- Avaliação Contínua do Consentimento: O consentimento não é um cheque em branco; ele deve ser entusiástico, contínuo e revogável a qualquer momento. Verificar o bem-estar do parceiro durante a cena ("check-ins") é essencial.
- Discrição e Cuidado com Evidências Físicas: Ser discreto sobre a natureza do relacionamento pode evitar mal-entendidos externos. Após cenas que deixem marcas, é prudente que ambos os parceiros estejam cientes e de acordo, talvez documentando por fotos (com data) e uma nota sobre a consensualidade da prática que as gerou.
- Aconselhamento Jurídico Preventivo: Consultar um advogado especializado em direito de família e criminal, com sensibilidade para dinâmicas de relacionamento alternativas, pode fornecer orientação personalizada sobre as melhores formas de documentar o consentimento e entender os riscos legais específicos.
Observações Importantes
- Nenhuma documentação substitui a necessidade de consentimento real, livre, informado e contínuo.
- A lei brasileira protege a "integridade física" e a "dignidade humana". Práticas que resultem em lesões graves ou que violem a dignidade de forma não consentida (ou com consentimento viciado) serão ilegais, independentemente de qualquer acordo prévio.
- Em caso de acusação, a existência de documentação robusta de consentimento não garante a absolvição, mas fortalece significativamente a defesa, ajudando a demonstrar a natureza consensual da relação e das práticas.
-
A alegação de coação futura é particularmente difícil de prevenir apenas com documentos. Um histórico consistente de comunicação aberta (whatsapp/telegram/e-mails), respeito mútuo e ausência de dependência ou controle excessivo na relação pode ajudar a contextualizar a dinâmica como não coercitiva.
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Cuidado com Marcas Visíveis e Lesões Graves Práticas que resultam em hematomas severos ou lesões podem ser interpretadas como agressão, mesmo que consentidas. Evitar excessos protege não apenas a integridade física, mas também evita questionamentos legais futuros.
O que vem a ser consentimento viciado
No Direito, consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda com algo, mas a vontade dela não é livre ou plena — ou seja, o consentimento existe formalmente, mas é defeituoso por alguma razão.
O Código Civil brasileiro (art. 138 a 165) define várias formas de vício de consentimento. As principais são:
Erro: A pessoa se engana sobre o que está consentindo. (Ex.: A pessoa acredita que vai participar de um jogo leve, mas na verdade é exposta a práticas pesadas.)
Dolo: A pessoa é enganada propositalmente para aceitar algo. (Ex.: Alguém mente sobre o que vai acontecer durante a prática.)
Coação: A pessoa é forçada ou ameaçada a consentir. (Ex.: "Se você não aceitar, eu termino com você" — pressão emocional forte pode ser vista como coação.)
Estado de perigo ou lesão: A pessoa aceita algo em situação de necessidade extrema ou abuso de sua vulnerabilidade. (Ex.: Alguém em situação emocional muito fragilizada é induzida a aceitar práticas que normalmente recusaria.)
No contexto de BDSM, isso é ainda mais delicado: Mesmo que a pessoa tenha "assinado" um contrato ou dito "sim", se depois ela alegar que seu consentimento foi dado sob medo, engano ou pressão psicológica, o consentimento pode ser considerado viciado — e, portanto, juridicamente inválido.
Isso tem duas implicações sérias:
-
O crime não se descaracteriza: Se houver vício, o consentimento é ignorado e a prática pode ser tratada como crime normal (lesão corporal, estupro, tortura, etc.).
-
A prova do consentimento precisa ser sólida: Mostrando que a pessoa estava informada, lúcida, livre e sem qualquer tipo de coação.
Consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda formalmente, mas de maneira enganada, forçada ou pressionada, tornando o consentimento inútil para efeitos jurídicos.
Conclusão
Casais que praticam BDSM consensual no Brasil navegam em um terreno que exige não apenas confiança mútua e comunicação excepcional, mas também uma consciência aguçada das complexidades legais e dos riscos de interpretações equivocadas ou acusações mal-intencionadas. Embora o BDSM seja uma expressão legítima da sexualidade humana, sua prática no Brasil exige responsabilidade redobrada. Ter provas claras de consentimento, manter a comunicação aberta e agir com prudência são formas eficazes de se proteger de falsas alegações e preservar a liberdade e a segurança de todos os envolvidos. Embora leis controversas como a Maria da Penha sejam "vitais" para a proteção contra a violência real, os praticantes de BDSM, e em particular os homens nesse contexto, devem adotar uma postura proativa e prudente para mitigar os riscos inerentes à potencial má interpretação ou instrumentalização dessas práticas e leis, garantindo que a expressão de sua consensualidade esteja resguardada na medida do possível.
Importante: No Brasil, mesmo com tudo isso, o Ministério Público pode denunciar por crime como lesão corporal grave, estupro ou tortura, independente de consentimento. Então a prudência nas práticas é fundamental.
Aviso Legal: Este artigo tem caráter meramente informativo e não constitui aconselhamento jurídico. As leis e interpretações podem mudar, e cada situação é única. Recomenda-se buscar orientação de um advogado qualificado para discutir casos específicos.
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