@ 472f440f:5669301e

Marty's Bent

via nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqy0hwumn8ghj7mn0wd68yttjv4kxz7fwvf5hgcm0d9hzumnfde4xzqpq85h9z5yxn8uc7retm0n6gkm88358lejzparxms5kmy9epr236k2qtyz2zr

A lot of the focus over the last couple of months has been on the emergence of Strategy competitors in public markets looking to build sizable bitcoin treasuries and attract investors of all shapes and sizes to drive shareholder value. The other big topic in the bitcoin development world has been around OP_RETURN and the debate over whether or not the amount of data that can be shoved into a bitcoin transaction should be decided by the dominant implementation.

A topic that is just as, if not more, important that is not getting enough appreciation is the discussion around open source bitcoin developers and the lingering effects of the Biden administration's attack on Samourai Wallet and Tornado Cash. If you read our friend Matt Corallo's tweet above, you'll notice that the lingering effects are such that even though the Trump administration has made concerted efforts to reverse the effects of Operation Chokepoint 2.0 that were levied by the Biden administration, Elizabeth Warren, and her friends at the Treasury and SEC - it is imperative that we enshrine into law the rights of open source developers to build products and services that enable individuals to self-custody bitcoin and use it in a peer-to-peer fashion without the threat of getting thrown in jail cell.

As it stands today, the only assurances that we have are from an administration that is overtly in favor of the proliferation of bitcoin in the United States. There is nothing in place to stop the next administration or another down the line from reverting to Biden-era lawfare that puts thousands of bitcoin developers around the world at risk of being sent into a cage because the government doesn't like how some users leverage the code they write. To make sure that this isn't a problem down the line it is imperative that we pass the Blockchain Regulatory Clarity Act, which would not hold bitcoin developers liable for the ways in which end users leverage their tools.

Not only is this an act that would protect developers from pernicious government officials targeting them when end users use their technology in a way that doesn't make the government happy, it will also protect YOU, the end user, looking to transact in a peer-to-peer fashion and leverage all of the incredible properties of bitcoin the way they were meant to be. If the developers are not protected, they will not be able to build the technology that enables you to leverage bitcoin.

So do your part and go to saveourwallets.org. Reach out to your local representatives in Congress and Senators and make some noise. Let them know that this is something that you care deeply about and that they should not only pay attention to this bill but push it forward and enshrine it into law as quickly as possible.

There are currently many developers either behind bars or under house arrest for developing software that gives you the ability to use Bitcoin in a self-sovereign fashion and use it in a privacy-preserving way. Financial privacy isn't a crime. It is an inalienable human right that should be protected at all cost. The enshrinement of this inalienable right into law is way past due.

#FreeSamourai #FreeRoman

Headlines of the Day

MicroStrategy Copycats See Speculative Premiums Fade - via X

Square Tests Bitcoin Payments, Lightning Yields Beat DeFi - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Bitfinex Moves $731M Bitcoin to Jack Mallers' Fund - via X

---

Take the First Step Off the Exchange

Bitkey is an easy, secure way to move your Bitcoin into self-custody. With simple setup and built-in recovery, it’s the perfect starting point for getting your coins off centralized platforms and into cold storage—no complexity, no middlemen.

Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code “TFTC20” during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Should I join a country club?

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

Introdução

O princípio do sola scriptura, pedra angular da teologia protestante desde a Reforma do século XVI, estabelece que apenas a Escritura constitui a autoridade final e suprema em questões de fé e prática cristã. Este princípio, formulado inicialmente por Martinho Lutero e sistematizado pelos reformadores subsequentes, pretende oferecer um fundamento epistemológico sólido para a teologia, livre das supostas corrupções da tradição eclesiástica.

Contudo, uma análise rigorosa revela que o sola scriptura incorre em contradições lógicas fundamentais que comprometem sua viabilidade como sistema epistemológico coerente. Este artigo examina essas contradições através de três perspectivas complementares: filosófica, exegética e histórica.

A Contradição Performativa Fundamental

O Problema da Autoreferência

O sola scriptura enfrenta um dilema epistemológico insuperável: afirma que apenas a Escritura possui autoridade final em matéria de fé, mas essa própria regra não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura. Trata-se de uma contradição performativa clássica, onde o enunciado viola suas próprias condições de possibilidade.

Esta situação configura uma falácia de petitio principii (círculo vicioso), pois exige que se aceite uma doutrina que não pode ser sustentada pelas premissas do próprio sistema. Para estabelecer o sola scriptura, seria necessário recorrer a uma autoridade externa à Escritura – precisamente aquilo que o princípio pretende rejeitar.

Fundacionalismo Mal Estruturado

Do ponto de vista epistemológico, o sola scriptura apresenta-se como um fundacionalismo defeituoso. Pretende funcionar como axioma supremo e auto-evidente, mas falha ao não fornecer a base textual que sua própria metodologia exige. Um verdadeiro fundacionalismo escriturístico deveria ser capaz de demonstrar sua validade através de uma prova explícita nas próprias Escrituras.

O Testemunho Contrário das Escrituras

Limitações do Registro Escrito

A própria Escritura reconhece as limitações do registro textual. João 21:25 declara explicitamente: "Jesus fez também muitas outras coisas. Se cada uma delas fosse escrita, penso que nem mesmo no mundo inteiro haveria espaço suficiente para os livros que seriam escritos."

Este versículo é particularmente problemático para o sola scriptura, pois reconhece que nem todos os ensinamentos de Cristo foram preservados por escrito. Como pode a Escritura ser suficiente se ela própria admite sua incompletude?

A Valorização da Tradição Oral

Paulo, em 2 Tessalonicenses 2:15, oferece uma instrução que contradiz frontalmente o sola scriptura: "Assim, pois, irmãos, ficai firmes e conservai os ensinamentos que de nós aprendestes, seja por palavras, seja por carta nossa."

O apóstolo valoriza inequivocamente tanto a tradição oral ("por palavras") quanto a escrita ("por carta"), estabelecendo um modelo de autoridade dual que o protestantismo posterior rejeitaria.

A Necessidade de Autoridade Interpretativa

A narrativa do eunuco etíope em Atos 8:30-31 demonstra a inadequação da Escritura isolada como autoridade final. Quando Filipe pergunta se o eunuco entende o que lê, a resposta é reveladora: "Como poderei entender, se alguém não me ensinar?"

Este episódio ilustra que a mera posse do texto bíblico não garante compreensão adequada. É necessária uma autoridade interpretativa externa – no caso, representada por Filipe, que age com autoridade apostólica.

A Complexidade Hermenêutica

Pedro, em sua segunda epístola (3:16-17), reconhece a dificuldade interpretativa inerente às Escrituras: "Suas cartas contêm algumas coisas difíceis de entender, as quais os ignorantes e instáveis torcem, como também o fazem com as demais Escrituras, para a própria destruição deles."

Esta passagem não apenas reconhece a complexidade hermenêutica dos textos sagrados, mas também alerta sobre os perigos da interpretação inadequada. Implicitamente, sugere a necessidade de uma autoridade interpretativa confiável para evitar distorções doutrinárias.

O Paradoxo Histórico da Canonização

A Dependência da Tradição Eclesiástica

Um dos argumentos mais devastadores contra o sola scriptura emerge da própria história da formação do cânon bíblico. Os concílios de Hipona (393 d.C.) e Cartago (397 d.C.) foram responsáveis pela definição oficial do cânon das Escrituras tal como conhecemos hoje.

Este fato histórico cria um paradoxo insuperável: aceitar a Bíblia como autoridade única requer aceitar a autoridade da tradição eclesiástica que a definiu. O próprio cânon bíblico é produto da tradição apostólica e da deliberação conciliar, não de autodefinição escriturística.

A Circularidade da Autopistia

Tentativas protestantes de resolver este dilema através do conceito de "autopistia" – a suposta capacidade das Escrituras de se auto-autenticar – apenas aprofundam o problema circular. Como determinar que as Escrituras possuem esta propriedade sem recorrer a critérios externos? A própria doutrina da autopistia não é explicitamente ensinada na Escritura.

Implicações Teológicas e Epistemológicas

A Fragmentação Interpretativa

A história do protestantismo oferece evidência empírica das consequências práticas do sola scriptura. A multiplicação de denominações e interpretações divergentes sugere que o princípio, longe de fornecer clareza doutrinária, pode na verdade contribuir para a fragmentação teológica.

Se a Escritura fosse verdadeiramente suficiente e auto-interpretativa, seria razoável esperar maior convergência hermenêutica entre aqueles que aderem ao sola scriptura. A realidade histórica sugere o contrário.

A Alternativa Católica e Ortodoxa

As tradições católica e ortodoxa, embora enfrentando suas próprias tensões epistemológicas, mantêm pelo menos coerência interna ao reconhecer explicitamente múltiplas fontes complementares de autoridade: Escritura, Tradição e Magistério (no caso católico) ou Escritura e Tradição (no caso ortodoxo).

Estas posições evitam a contradição performativa do sola scriptura ao não reivindicar que sua própria metodologia epistemológica seja derivada exclusivamente da Escritura.

Conclusão

A análise crítica do sola scriptura revela contradições estruturais que comprometem fundamentalmente sua viabilidade como princípio epistemológico. O princípio incorre em contradição performativa ao estabelecer uma regra que não pode ser derivada de suas próprias premissas, configura um fundacionalismo mal estruturado ao carecer de base textual explícita, e enfrenta o testemunho contrário da própria Escritura, que reconhece suas limitações e a necessidade de autoridades interpretativas externas.

O paradoxo histórico da canonização – onde o próprio cânon bíblico depende da autoridade tradicional que o sola scriptura pretende rejeitar – representa talvez o golpe mais decisivo contra o princípio protestante.

Isso não implica necessariamente a falsidade do protestantismo como sistema teológico, mas sugere que seus fundamentos epistemológicos requerem reformulação substancial. Uma teologia protestante intelectualmente honesta precisaria reconhecer as limitações do sola scriptura e desenvolver uma epistemologia mais nuançada que leve em conta a complexidade das fontes de autoridade religiosa.

A busca pela verdade teológica, independentemente de compromissos confessionais, exige o reconhecimento rigoroso das limitações e contradições inerentes aos nossos sistemas epistemológicos. No caso do sola scriptura, essa honestidade intelectual revela um princípio que, por mais central que seja para a identidade protestante, não pode sustentar o peso epistemológico que tradicionalmente lhe foi atribuído.

@ da8b7de1:c0164aee

Lengyelország előrelépése az első atomerőmű építésében

Lengyelország állami nukleáris vállalata, a Polskie Elektrownie Jadrowe (PEJ) és egy amerikai konzorcium – élén a Westinghouse és a Bechtel cégekkel – mérnöki fejlesztési megállapodást kötött. Ez a szerződés kulcsfontosságú lépés az ország első atomerőművének megvalósítása felé, lehetővé téve a részletes mérnöki és helyszínspecifikus munkák megkezdését. A lengyel kormány ezt mérföldkőnek tekinti az energiaszuverenitás és a dekarbonizáció felé vezető úton.

Amerikai politika: lendület az új nukleáris technológiáknak

Az Egyesült Államok kormánya elnöki rendeletet adott ki, amely reformokat vezet be a nukleáris reaktorok tesztelésében az Energiaügyi Minisztériumnál. A cél az új generációs reaktorok – köztük mikroreaktorok és kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR-ek) – fejlesztésének és engedélyezésének felgyorsítása, valamint a környezetvédelmi vizsgálatok egyszerűsítése. A rendelet legalább három új reaktor kritikus üzembe helyezését célozza meg 2026 júliusáig, támogatva ezzel az ipari alkalmazások széles körét, például adatközpontokat vagy hidrogéntermelést. Az intézkedés célja, hogy az USA visszaszerezze vezető szerepét a nukleáris innovációban, és csökkentse a korábbi években felhalmozódott engedélyezési akadályokat.

Kis moduláris reaktorok (SMR) fejlesztése világszerte

Az SMR-szektorban világszerte jelentős előrelépések történtek: - Az amerikai Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) benyújtotta az első építési kérelmet egy GE Hitachi BWRX-300 SMR-re a Clinch River telephelyen. - Kanadában az Ontario Power Generation engedélyt kapott az első, négy tervezett SMR megépítésének megkezdésére a Darlington telephelyen. - Belgium és Brazília innovatív SMR-technológiákat vizsgál, köztük ólom-hűtésű reaktorokat és nemzetközi együttműködéseket. - Olyan technológiai óriások, mint a Google, az USA-ban korai fázisú fejlett nukleáris projektekbe fektetnek, ami a magánszektor növekvő érdeklődését mutatja.

Globális ipari és pénzügyi támogatás a nukleáris bővítéshez

Széles körű koalíció – köztük olyan nagyvállalatok, mint az Amazon, Google, Meta, Dow – és pénzügyi intézmények kötelezték el magukat amellett, hogy 2050-re megháromszorozzák a globális nukleáris kapacitást. Ez összhangban van az ENSZ klímacsúcsain tett vállalásokkal, ahol már 31 ország támogatja a nukleáris energia megháromszorozását a nettó zéró kibocsátási célok eléréséhez. Az amerikai kongresszus olyan törvényjavaslatokat készít elő, amelyek lehetővé tennék, hogy a multilaterális fejlesztési bankok – például a Világbank – is finanszírozhassanak nukleáris projekteket, megszüntetve ezzel a korábbi tiltásokat.

Közelgő nemzetközi nukleáris biztonsági gyakorlat

A Nemzetközi Atomenergia-ügynökség (IAEA) készül a ConvEx-3 vészhelyzeti gyakorlatára, amelyet 2025. június 24–25-én Romániában tartanak. A gyakorlat egy súlyos nukleáris vészhelyzetet szimulál a cernavodai atomerőműben, tesztelve a tagállamok és nemzetközi szervezetek felkészültségét és reagálóképességét. A ConvEx-3 a legmagasabb szintű IAEA vészhelyzeti gyakorlat, kulcsszerepet játszik a globális nukleáris biztonság és védelem erősítésében.

Politikai bizonytalanság Dél-Korea nukleáris terveiben

Dél-Korea 2025. június 3-i elnökválasztása hatással lehet az ország nukleáris reneszánszára. A vezető jelölt, Lee Jae-myung kijelentette, hogy „egyelőre” fenntartaná a nukleáris energiát, de hosszabb távon a megújulók felé mozdulna el. Ez bizonytalanságot okoz a koreai nukleáris ipar hazai és exportterveiben, ami kihatással lehet a globális ellátási láncokra és külföldi reaktorprojektekre is.

Iparági trendek és további fejlemények

• Japán új energiastratégiája maximalizálni kívánja a nukleáris energia részarányát, 2040-re mintegy 20%-ot célozva, különös hangsúlyt fektetve a következő generációs reaktorokra és a biztonság növelésére.
• Belgium kormánya és a francia Engie közműcég megállapodott a kulcsfontosságú reaktorok üzemidejének tízéves meghosszabbításáról, ami az európai nukleáris pálfordulás újabb jele.
• Az IAEA és a World Nuclear Association egyaránt növekvő nemzetközi érdeklődésről számol be az SMR-ek és fejlett reaktortechnológiák iránt, új projektek és partnerségek indulnak Ázsiában, Európában és Amerikában.

---

Források:
world-nuclear-news.org
nucnet.org
iaea.org
world-nuclear.org
govinfo.gov
whitehouse.gov

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Someone asked for my thoughts, so I’ll share them thoughtfully. I’m not here to dictate how to promote Nostr—I’m still learning about it myself. While I’m not new to Nostr, freedom tech is a newer space for me. I’m skilled at advocating for topics I deeply understand, but freedom tech isn’t my expertise, so take my words with a grain of salt. Nothing I say is set in stone.

Those who need Nostr the most are the ones most vulnerable to censorship on other platforms right now. Reaching them requires real-time awareness of global issues and the dynamic relationships between governments and tech providers, which can shift suddenly. Effective Nostr promoters must grasp this and adapt quickly.

The best messengers are people from or closely tied to these at-risk regions—those who truly understand the local political and cultural dynamics. They can connect with those in need when tensions rise. Ideal promoters are rational, trustworthy, passionate about Nostr, but above all, dedicated to amplifying people’s voices when it matters most.

Forget influencers, corporate-backed figures, or traditional online PR—it comes off as inauthentic, corny, desperate and forced. Nostr’s promotion should be grassroots and organic, driven by a few passionate individuals who believe in Nostr and the communities they serve.

The idea that “people won’t join Nostr due to lack of reach” is nonsense. Everyone knows X’s “reach” is mostly with bots. If humans want real conversations, Nostr is the place. X is great for propaganda, but Nostr is for the authentic voices of the people.

Those spreading Nostr must be so passionate they’re willing to onboard others, which is time-consuming but rewarding for the right person. They’ll need to make Nostr and onboarding a core part of who they are. I see no issue with that level of dedication. I’ve been known to get that way myself at times. It’s fun for some folks.

With love, I suggest not adding Bitcoin promotion with Nostr outreach. Zaps already integrate that element naturally. (Still promote within the Bitcoin ecosystem, but this is about reaching vulnerable voices who needed Nostr yesterday.)

To promote Nostr, forget conventional strategies. “Influencers” aren’t the answer. “Influencers” are not the future. A trusted local community member has real influence—reach them. Connect with people seeking Nostr’s benefits but lacking the technical language to express it. This means some in the Nostr community might need to step outside of the Bitcoin bubble, which is uncomfortable but necessary. Thank you in advance to those who are willing to do that.

I don’t know who is paid to promote Nostr, if anyone. This piece isn’t shade. But it’s exhausting to see innocent voices globally silenced on corporate platforms like X while Nostr exists. Last night, I wondered: how many more voices must be censored before the Nostr community gets uncomfortable and thinks creatively to reach the vulnerable?

A warning: the global need for censorship-resistant social media is undeniable. If Nostr doesn’t make itself known, something else will fill that void. Let’s start this conversation.

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Please respect Virginia Giuffre’s memory by refraining from asking about the circumstances or theories surrounding her passing.

Since Virginia Giuffre’s death, I’ve reflected on what she would want me to say or do. This piece is my attempt to honor her legacy.

When I first spoke with Virginia, I was struck by her unshakable hope. I had grown cynical after years in the anti-human trafficking movement, worn down by a broken system and a government that often seemed complicit. But Virginia’s passion, creativity, and belief that survivors could be heard reignited something in me. She reminded me of my younger, more hopeful self. Instead of warning her about the challenges ahead, I let her dream big, unburdened by my own disillusionment. That conversation changed me for the better, and following her lead led to meaningful progress.

Virginia was one of the bravest people I’ve ever known. As a survivor of Epstein, Maxwell, and their co-conspirators, she risked everything to speak out, taking on some of the world’s most powerful figures.

She loved when I said, “Epstein isn’t the only Epstein.” This wasn’t just about one man—it was a call to hold all abusers accountable and to ensure survivors find hope and healing.

The Epstein case often gets reduced to sensational details about the elite, but that misses the bigger picture. Yes, we should be holding all of the co-conspirators accountable, we must listen to the survivors’ stories. Their experiences reveal how predators exploit vulnerabilities, offering lessons to prevent future victims.

You’re not powerless in this fight. Educate yourself about trafficking and abuse—online and offline—and take steps to protect those around you. Supporting survivors starts with small, meaningful actions. Free online resources can guide you in being a safe, supportive presence.

When high-profile accusations arise, resist snap judgments. Instead of dismissing survivors as “crazy,” pause to consider the trauma they may be navigating. Speaking out or coping with abuse is never easy. You don’t have to believe every claim, but you can refrain from attacking accusers online.

Society also fails at providing aftercare for survivors. The government, often part of the problem, won’t solve this. It’s up to us. Prevention is critical, but when abuse occurs, step up for your loved ones and community. Protect the vulnerable. it’s a challenging but a rewarding journey.

If you’re contributing to Nostr, you’re helping build a censorship resistant platform where survivors can share their stories freely, no matter how powerful their abusers are. Their voices can endure here, offering strength and hope to others. This gives me great hope for the future.

Virginia Giuffre’s courage was a gift to the world. It was an honor to know and serve her. She will be deeply missed. My hope is that her story inspires others to take on the powerful.

@ e0e92e54:d630dfaa

As some of you know, I lead a quarterly Bible Study through Faith Driven Investor

One of the members from the cohort that just ended forwarded me an email from the US Christian Chamber of Commerce

The summary is: Christians should intentionally be doing more business with Christians.

[Full email at the bottom of this Article]

---

I recanted to my FDI member about a book I read a few years ago, Thou Shall Prosper, by Rabbi Daniel Lapin.

In it he gave the statistics that a single dollar recirculates in the Jewish community 12 times, Muslims 8 times, and Christians only 3 or 4 times.

(I'm probably slightly off on recalling the stats)

But the point being that as a people group, Jews are 4x more wealthy than Christians because Christians value doing business with one another 4 times less than Jews...or said another way, the Jewish people value doing business with one another 4x more than Christians.

Reading the email I was sent, I was further reminded as business owners, leaders, and investors;

If we are truly going to steward that which God has entrusted to us, we should want to re-circulate those resources as many times as possible within the Christian community in order to have the greatest probability of return on image bearers.

What are your thoughts?

---

I Bought a House Through the Christian Chamber - What happened next surprised me

My husband and I just bought a house—but it wasn’t just a transaction. It was a transformation.

With our daughter’s high school graduation behind us, we felt ready to step into a long-held dream: moving to a beach town we’ve thought, talked, and prayed about for years. As part of turning our dream into a reality, we made a very intentional decision:

We would buy our home entirely through the Christian Chamber community.

We wanted to walk the talk—to model what Kingdom commerce really looks like. So we sought Christian-led businesses for every part of the process. What started as a symbolic gesture quickly became a profound experience with two life-changing revelations:

1) The Power of Prayer in Business

Yes, we prayed as a couple—but imagine your Realtor, lender, inspector, and insurance agent all praying with you, too.

We’re not talking about just being “nice people” or listening to worship in the office. We’re talking about Spirit-filled, Jesus-following believers who brought prayer into every decision.

· Our Realtor is also a church planter—her discernment helped us find the perfect house on day one.

· Our lender joined us in prayer—and worked miracles to make the deal smooth and abundantly possible.

· Our inspector's biggest red flag? A bird’s nest in a porch light. (Yes, really.)

· Our insurance agent handled everything—and in Florida, that’s no small feat.

I have bought and sold seven homes in my life, but this was the best experience by far. The layout, the location, the timing, the favor—it was all wrapped in prayer and covered in grace. It wasn’t just business. It was supernatural.

2) Kingdom ROI — A Multiplied Impact

By doing business with Christians, we didn’t just find great service. We created a multiplied Kingdom return.

We know where our vendors give. We know the churches they support, the ministries they fund, and the people they serve.

When they earned from our purchase, those dollars didn’t disappear—they were reinvested into Kingdom causes we could never reach on our own.

This is Kingdom ROI.

It’s a real-life example of the parable of the talents—we didn’t bury our resources. We multiplied them. When you spend money with aligned believers, your impact compounds.

The opposite is also true:

When we spend with businesses that oppose our values, we’re funding platforms that erode the very things we’re trying to protect—our families, our freedoms, and our faith.

We MUST STOP funding the enemy.

The Bigger Picture

Let’s be clear: Studies show that Christians make up 31% of the world’s population, but we control 55% of the world’s wealth—more than $107 trillion in personal assets.

And yet…we’re leaking that wealth into systems that are actively working against us.

Why? Because we do not have the infrastructure to keep it aligned.

Until now.

That’s what we’re building through the U.S. Christian Chamber of Commerce: A national infrastructure that empowers Christians to redirect their dollars, align their values, and multiply their impact.

What If You Did the Same?

· Buy your next product or service from a Christian-led business.

· Hire your next contractor from your local Christian Chamber.

· Invest in a company with eternal impact.

· Launch a Christian Chamber in your region—we’ll help you.

· Join the U.S. Christian Chamber. This is your Chamber, for your nation.

· Meet us in Orlando for SWC 2026, the global gathering of Christian commerce.

Imagine the multiplying power if thousands of us made similar decisions—every day—across this nation.

We own the wealth. Now let’s build the infrastructure, create the ecosystem, and shift the world's wealth one transaction at a time.



This is our nation and we are One Nation Under God!

---

Jason Ansley is the founder of Above The Line Leader, where he provides tailored leadership support and operational expertise to help business owners, entrepreneurs, and leaders thrive— without sacrificing your faith, family, or future.

• Want to strengthen your leadership and enhance operational excellence? Connect with Jason at https://abovethelineleader.com/#your-leadership-journey

• 📌 This article first appeared on NOSTR. You can also find more Business Leadership Articles and content at: 👉 https://abovethelineleader.com/business-leadership-articles

@ 52b4a076:e7fad8bd

I have been recently building NFDB, a new relay DB. This post is meant as a short overview.

Regular relays have challenges

Current relay software have significant challenges, which I have experienced when hosting Nostr.land: - Scalability is only supported by adding full replicas, which does not scale to large relays. - Most relays use slow databases and are not optimized for large scale usage. - Search is near-impossible to implement on standard relays. - Privacy features such as NIP-42 are lacking. - Regular DB maintenance tasks on normal relays require extended downtime. - Fault-tolerance is implemented, if any, using a load balancer, which is limited. - Personalization and advanced filtering is not possible. - Local caching is not supported.

NFDB: A scalable database for large relays

NFDB is a new database meant for medium-large scale relays, built on FoundationDB that provides: - Near-unlimited scalability - Extended fault tolerance - Instant loading - Better search - Better personalization - and more.

Search

NFDB has extended search capabilities including: - Semantic search: Search for meaning, not words. - Interest-based search: Highlight content you care about. - Multi-faceted queries: Easily filter by topic, author group, keywords, and more at the same time. - Wide support for event kinds, including users, articles, etc.

Personalization

NFDB allows significant personalization: - Customized algorithms: Be your own algorithm. - Spam filtering: Filter content to your WoT, and use advanced spam filters. - Topic mutes: Mute topics, not keywords. - Media filtering: With Nostr.build, you will be able to filter NSFW and other content - Low data mode: Block notes that use high amounts of cellular data. - and more

Other

NFDB has support for many other features such as: - NIP-42: Protect your privacy with private drafts and DMs - Microrelays: Easily deploy your own personal microrelay - Containers: Dedicated, fast storage for discoverability events such as relay lists

Calcite: A local microrelay database

Calcite is a lightweight, local version of NFDB that is meant for microrelays and caching, meant for thousands of personal microrelays.

Calcite HA is an additional layer that allows live migration and relay failover in under 30 seconds, providing higher availability compared to current relays with greater simplicity. Calcite HA is enabled in all Calcite deployments.

For zero-downtime, NFDB is recommended.

Noswhere SmartCache

Relays are fixed in one location, but users can be anywhere.

Noswhere SmartCache is a CDN for relays that dynamically caches data on edge servers closest to you, allowing: - Multiple regions around the world - Improved throughput and performance - Faster loading times

routerd

routerd is a custom load-balancer optimized for Nostr relays, integrated with SmartCache.

routerd is specifically integrated with NFDB and Calcite HA to provide fast failover and high performance.

Ending notes

NFDB is planned to be deployed to Nostr.land in the coming weeks.

A lot more is to come. 👀️️️️️️

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Marty's Bent

It's been a pretty historic week for the United States as it pertains to geopolitical relations in the Middle East. President Trump and many members of his administration, including AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, traveled across the Middle East making deals with countries like Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, and others. Many are speculating that Iran may be included in some behind the scenes deal as well. This trip to the Middle East makes sense considering the fact that China is also vying for favorable relationships with those countries. The Middle East is a power player in the world, and it seems pretty clear that Donald Trump is dead set on ensuring that they choose the United States over China as the world moves towards a more multi-polar reality.

Many are calling the events of this week the Riyadh Accords. There were many deals that were struck in relation to artificial intelligence, defense, energy and direct investments in the United States. A truly prolific power play and demonstration of deal-making ability of Donald Trump, if you ask me. Though I will admit some of the numbers that were thrown out by some of the countries were a bit egregious. We shall see how everything plays out in the coming years. It will be interesting to see how China reacts to this power move by the United States.

While all this was going on, there was something happening back in the United States that many people outside of fringe corners of FinTwit are not talking about, which is the fact that the 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bond yields are back on the rise. Yesterday, they surpassed the levels of mid-April that caused a market panic and are hovering back around levels that have not been seen since right before Donald Trump's inauguration.

I imagine that there isn't as much of an uproar right now because I'm pretty confident the media freakouts we were experiencing in mid-April were driven by the fact that many large hedge funds found themselves off sides of large levered basis trades. I wouldn't be surprised if those funds have decreased their leverage in those trades and bond yields being back to mid-April levels is not affecting those funds as much as they were last month. But the point stands, the 10-year and 30-year yields are significantly elevated with the 30-year approaching 5%. Regardless of the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East, the Treasury has a big problem on its hands. It still has to roll over many trillions worth of debt over over the next few years and doing so at these rates is going to be massively detrimental to fiscal deficits over the next decade. The interest expense on the debt is set to explode in the coming years.

On that note, data from the first quarter of 2025 has been released by the government and despite all the posturing by the Trump administration around DOGE and how tariffs are going to be beneficial for the U.S. economy, deficits are continuing to explode while the interest expense on the debt has definitively surpassed our annual defense budget.

via Charlie Bilello

via Mohamed Al-Erian

To make matters worse, as things are deteriorating on the fiscal side of things, the U.S. consumer is getting crushed by credit. The 90-plus day delinquency rates for credit card and auto loans are screaming higher right now.

via TXMC

One has to wonder how long all this can continue without some sort of liquidity crunch. Even though equities markets have recovered from their post-Liberation Day month long bear market, I would not be surprised if what we're witnessing is a dead cat bounce that can only be continued if the money printers are turned back on. Something's got to give, both on the fiscal side and in the private markets where the Common Man is getting crushed because he's been forced to take on insane amounts of debt to stay afloat after years of elevated levels of inflation. Add on the fact that AI has reached a state of maturity that will enable companies to replace their current meat suit workers with an army of cheap, efficient and fast digital workers and it isn't hard to see that some sort of employment crisis could be on the horizon as well.

Now is not the time to get complacent. While I do believe that the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East are probably in the best interest of the United States as the world, again, moves toward a more multi-polar reality, we are facing problems that one cannot simply wish away. They will need to be confronted. And as we've seen throughout the 21st century, the problems are usually met head-on with a money printer.

I take no pleasure in saying this because it is a bit uncouth to be gleeful to benefit from the strife of others, but it is pretty clear to me that all signs are pointing to bitcoin benefiting massively from everything that is going on. The shift towards a more multi-polar world, the runaway debt situation here in the United States, the increasing deficits, the AI job replacements and the consumer credit crisis that is currently unfolding, All will need to be "solved" by turning on the money printers to levels they've never been pushed to before.

Weird times we're living in.

China's Manufacturing Dominance: Why It Matters for the U.S.

In my recent conversation with Lyn Alden, she highlighted how China has rapidly ascended the manufacturing value chain. As Lyn pointed out, China transformed from making "sneakers and plastic trinkets" to becoming the world's largest auto exporter in just four years. This dramatic shift represents more than economic success—it's a strategic power play. China now dominates solar panel production with greater market control than OPEC has over oil and maintains near-monopoly control of rare earth elements crucial for modern technology.

"China makes like 10 times more steel than the United States does... which is relevant in ship making. It's relevant in all sorts of stuff." - Lyn Alden

Perhaps most concerning, as Lyn emphasized, is China's financial leverage. They hold substantial U.S. assets that could be strategically sold to disrupt U.S. treasury market functioning. This combination of manufacturing dominance, resource control, and financial leverage gives China significant negotiating power in any trade disputes, making our attempts to reshoring manufacturing all the more challenging.

Check out the full podcast here for more on Triffin's dilemma, Bitcoin's role in monetary transition, and the energy requirements for rebuilding America's industrial base.

Headlines of the Day

Financial Times Under Fire Over MicroStrategy Bitcoin Coverage - via X

Trump in Qatar: Historic Boeing Deal Signed - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Johnson Backs Stock Trading Ban; Passage Chances Slim - via X

---

Take the First Step Off the Exchange

Bitkey is an easy, secure way to move your Bitcoin into self-custody. With simple setup and built-in recovery, it’s the perfect starting point for getting your coins off centralized platforms and into cold storage—no complexity, no middlemen.

Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code *“TFTC20”* during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed 158,469 sats | $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Building things of value is satisfying.

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) { .mobile-padding { padding: 10px 0 !important; } .social-container { width: 100% !important; max-width: 260px !important; } .social-icon { padding: 0 !important; } .social-icon img { height: 32px !important; width: 32px !important; } .icon-cell { padding: 0 4px !import

@ eb0157af:77ab6c55

The revelation by Miles Suter, Product Lead at Block, at the Bitcoin Conference 2025 confirms the economic potential of LN for professional operators, but the yield comes mainly from routing fees

During the Bitcoin 2025 conference in Las Vegas, Miles Suter, Bitcoin Product Lead at Block Inc., revealed data that could change the economic perception of the Lightning Network: the company’s routing node is generating annual returns of 9.7% on invested liquidity.

During his presentation, Suter confirmed what many experts suspected but no one had ever quantified precisely: Lightning payment routing can be not only technically effective, but also economically profitable on a large scale. With an estimated public capacity of 184 BTC (approximately $20 million), Block is demonstrating that Lightning infrastructure can generate significant returns through the use of bitcoin as a payment method.

Non-custodial yield, with a doubt

Lightning routing represents what experts define as “true non-custodial yield” – returns generated from the pure economic utility of bitcoin as a means of payment, without having to entrust one’s funds to third parties.

“We are earning almost 10% returns on Bitcoin by effectively routing real payments on the Lightning network,” Suter declared.

Riccardo Masutti — researcher and founder of Baited — has, however, observed that the double-digit yields advertised by Block are closely tied to an exceptionally aggressive fee structure that markedly deviates from the median parameters of the Lightning Network. In particular, the Cash App nodes apply a fee rate of 2,147,483,647 ppm, resulting in fees up to 2 million times higher than the average cost of standard channel transactions. Block’s own node also enforces significant fees: to route a million satoshis, it requires 1,053 sats in outgoing fees and 2,955 sats in incoming fees, compared to a network median base fee of approximately 0.999839 sat and a median fee rate of 0.000063 sat/sat. This discrepancy suggests that the yield is generated more by a surcharge imposed on intermediated payments than by any real efficiency in liquidity allocation.

In 2024 Cash App recorded an increase in Lightning payment volume equal to 7 times that of the previous year: one in four outgoing payments now occurs via LN, Suter stated.

According to Block’s Product Lead “if Bitcoin becomes only digital gold, we have failed the mission. If we don’t use bitcoin for payments, we risk losing one of the most important promises permissionless money. If we don’t preserve the qualities of cash in the digital world, human liberty is seriously in trouble.”

The company aims to incentivize practical and daily use of bitcoin, seeing Lightning payments as the key to realizing Satoshi Nakamoto’s original vision of a “peer-to-peer electronic payment system.”

The post According to Block, routing on Lightning yields 10% annually: but the yield comes from fees appeared first on Atlas21.

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

O Contexto Legal Brasileiro e o Consentimento

No ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o consentimento do ofendido pode, em certas circunstâncias, afastar a ilicitude de um ato que, sem ele, configuraria crime (como lesão corporal leve, prevista no Art. 129 do Código Penal). Contudo, o consentimento tem limites claros: não é válido para bens jurídicos indisponíveis, como a vida, e sua eficácia é questionável em casos de lesões corporais graves ou gravíssimas.

A prática de BDSM consensual situa-se em uma zona complexa. Em tese, se ambos os parceiros são adultos, capazes, e consentiram livre e informadamente nos atos praticados, sem que resultem em lesões graves permanentes ou risco de morte não consentido, não haveria crime. O desafio reside na comprovação desse consentimento, especialmente se uma das partes, posteriormente, o negar ou alegar coação.

A Lei Maria da Penha (Lei nº 11.340/2006)

A Lei Maria da Penha é um marco fundamental na proteção da mulher contra a violência doméstica e familiar. Ela estabelece mecanismos para coibir e prevenir tal violência, definindo suas formas (física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral) e prevendo medidas protetivas de urgência.

Embora essencial, a aplicação da lei em contextos de BDSM pode ser delicada. Uma alegação de violência por parte da mulher, mesmo que as lesões ou situações decorram de práticas consensuais, tende a receber atenção prioritária das autoridades, dada a presunção de vulnerabilidade estabelecida pela lei. Isso pode criar um cenário onde o parceiro masculino enfrenta dificuldades significativas em demonstrar a natureza consensual dos atos, especialmente se não houver provas robustas pré-constituídas.

Outros riscos:

Lesão corporal grave ou gravíssima (art. 129, §§ 1º e 2º, CP), não pode ser justificada pelo consentimento, podendo ensejar persecução penal.

Crimes contra a dignidade sexual (arts. 213 e seguintes do CP) são de ação pública incondicionada e independem de representação da vítima para a investigação e denúncia.

Riscos de Falsas Acusações e Alegação de Coação Futura

Os riscos para os praticantes de BDSM, especialmente para o parceiro que assume o papel dominante ou que inflige dor/restrição (frequentemente, mas não exclusivamente, o homem), podem surgir de diversas frentes:

1. Acusações Externas: Vizinhos, familiares ou amigos que desconhecem a natureza consensual do relacionamento podem interpretar sons, marcas ou comportamentos como sinais de abuso e denunciar às autoridades.
2. Alegações Futuras da Parceira: Em caso de término conturbado, vingança, arrependimento ou mudança de perspectiva, a parceira pode reinterpretar as práticas passadas como abuso e buscar reparação ou retaliação através de uma denúncia. A alegação pode ser de que o consentimento nunca existiu ou foi viciado.
3. Alegação de Coação: Uma das formas mais complexas de refutar é a alegação de que o consentimento foi obtido mediante coação (física, moral, psicológica ou econômica). A parceira pode alegar, por exemplo, que se sentia pressionada, intimidada ou dependente, e que seu "sim" não era genuíno. Provar a ausência de coação a posteriori é extremamente difícil.
4. Ingenuidade e Vulnerabilidade Masculina: Muitos homens, confiando na dinâmica consensual e na parceira, podem negligenciar a necessidade de precauções. A crença de que "isso nunca aconteceria comigo" ou a falta de conhecimento sobre as implicações legais e o peso processual de uma acusação no âmbito da Lei Maria da Penha podem deixá-los vulneráveis. A presença de marcas físicas, mesmo que consentidas, pode ser usada como evidência de agressão, invertendo o ônus da prova na prática, ainda que não na teoria jurídica.

Estratégias de Prevenção e Mitigação

Não existe um método infalível para evitar completamente o risco de uma falsa acusação, mas diversas medidas podem ser adotadas para construir um histórico de consentimento e reduzir vulnerabilidades:

1. Comunicação Explícita e Contínua: A base de qualquer prática BDSM segura é a comunicação constante. Negociar limites, desejos, palavras de segurança ("safewords") e expectativas antes, durante e depois das cenas é crucial. Manter registros dessas negociações (e-mails, mensagens, diários compartilhados) pode ser útil.

2. Documentação do Consentimento:

   • Contratos de Relacionamento/Cena: Embora a validade jurídica de "contratos BDSM" seja discutível no Brasil (não podem afastar normas de ordem pública), eles servem como forte evidência da intenção das partes, da negociação detalhada de limites e do consentimento informado. Devem ser claros, datados, assinados e, idealmente, reconhecidos em cartório (para prova de data e autenticidade das assinaturas).

   • Registros Audiovisuais: Gravar (com consentimento explícito para a gravação) discussões sobre consentimento e limites antes das cenas pode ser uma prova poderosa. Gravar as próprias cenas é mais complexo devido a questões de privacidade e potencial uso indevido, mas pode ser considerado em casos específicos, sempre com consentimento mútuo documentado para a gravação.

     Importante: a gravação deve ser com ciência da outra parte, para não configurar violação da intimidade (art. 5º, X, da Constituição Federal e art. 20 do Código Civil).

3. Testemunhas: Em alguns contextos de comunidade BDSM, a presença de terceiros de confiança durante negociações ou mesmo cenas pode servir como testemunho, embora isso possa alterar a dinâmica íntima do casal.

4. Estabelecimento Claro de Limites e Palavras de Segurança: Definir e respeitar rigorosamente os limites (o que é permitido, o que é proibido) e as palavras de segurança é fundamental. O desrespeito a uma palavra de segurança encerra o consentimento para aquele ato.
5. Avaliação Contínua do Consentimento: O consentimento não é um cheque em branco; ele deve ser entusiástico, contínuo e revogável a qualquer momento. Verificar o bem-estar do parceiro durante a cena ("check-ins") é essencial.
6. Discrição e Cuidado com Evidências Físicas: Ser discreto sobre a natureza do relacionamento pode evitar mal-entendidos externos. Após cenas que deixem marcas, é prudente que ambos os parceiros estejam cientes e de acordo, talvez documentando por fotos (com data) e uma nota sobre a consensualidade da prática que as gerou.
7. Aconselhamento Jurídico Preventivo: Consultar um advogado especializado em direito de família e criminal, com sensibilidade para dinâmicas de relacionamento alternativas, pode fornecer orientação personalizada sobre as melhores formas de documentar o consentimento e entender os riscos legais específicos.

Observações Importantes

• Nenhuma documentação substitui a necessidade de consentimento real, livre, informado e contínuo.
• A lei brasileira protege a "integridade física" e a "dignidade humana". Práticas que resultem em lesões graves ou que violem a dignidade de forma não consentida (ou com consentimento viciado) serão ilegais, independentemente de qualquer acordo prévio.
• Em caso de acusação, a existência de documentação robusta de consentimento não garante a absolvição, mas fortalece significativamente a defesa, ajudando a demonstrar a natureza consensual da relação e das práticas.

• A alegação de coação futura é particularmente difícil de prevenir apenas com documentos. Um histórico consistente de comunicação aberta (whatsapp/telegram/e-mails), respeito mútuo e ausência de dependência ou controle excessivo na relação pode ajudar a contextualizar a dinâmica como não coercitiva.

• Cuidado com Marcas Visíveis e Lesões Graves Práticas que resultam em hematomas severos ou lesões podem ser interpretadas como agressão, mesmo que consentidas. Evitar excessos protege não apenas a integridade física, mas também evita questionamentos legais futuros.

O que vem a ser consentimento viciado

No Direito, consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda com algo, mas a vontade dela não é livre ou plena — ou seja, o consentimento existe formalmente, mas é defeituoso por alguma razão.

O Código Civil brasileiro (art. 138 a 165) define várias formas de vício de consentimento. As principais são:

Erro: A pessoa se engana sobre o que está consentindo. (Ex.: A pessoa acredita que vai participar de um jogo leve, mas na verdade é exposta a práticas pesadas.)

Dolo: A pessoa é enganada propositalmente para aceitar algo. (Ex.: Alguém mente sobre o que vai acontecer durante a prática.)

Coação: A pessoa é forçada ou ameaçada a consentir. (Ex.: "Se você não aceitar, eu termino com você" — pressão emocional forte pode ser vista como coação.)

Estado de perigo ou lesão: A pessoa aceita algo em situação de necessidade extrema ou abuso de sua vulnerabilidade. (Ex.: Alguém em situação emocional muito fragilizada é induzida a aceitar práticas que normalmente recusaria.)

No contexto de BDSM, isso é ainda mais delicado: Mesmo que a pessoa tenha "assinado" um contrato ou dito "sim", se depois ela alegar que seu consentimento foi dado sob medo, engano ou pressão psicológica, o consentimento pode ser considerado viciado — e, portanto, juridicamente inválido.

Isso tem duas implicações sérias:

1. O crime não se descaracteriza: Se houver vício, o consentimento é ignorado e a prática pode ser tratada como crime normal (lesão corporal, estupro, tortura, etc.).

2. A prova do consentimento precisa ser sólida: Mostrando que a pessoa estava informada, lúcida, livre e sem qualquer tipo de coação.

   Consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda formalmente, mas de maneira enganada, forçada ou pressionada, tornando o consentimento inútil para efeitos jurídicos.

Conclusão

Casais que praticam BDSM consensual no Brasil navegam em um terreno que exige não apenas confiança mútua e comunicação excepcional, mas também uma consciência aguçada das complexidades legais e dos riscos de interpretações equivocadas ou acusações mal-intencionadas. Embora o BDSM seja uma expressão legítima da sexualidade humana, sua prática no Brasil exige responsabilidade redobrada. Ter provas claras de consentimento, manter a comunicação aberta e agir com prudência são formas eficazes de se proteger de falsas alegações e preservar a liberdade e a segurança de todos os envolvidos. Embora leis controversas como a Maria da Penha sejam "vitais" para a proteção contra a violência real, os praticantes de BDSM, e em particular os homens nesse contexto, devem adotar uma postura proativa e prudente para mitigar os riscos inerentes à potencial má interpretação ou instrumentalização dessas práticas e leis, garantindo que a expressão de sua consensualidade esteja resguardada na medida do possível.

---

Importante: No Brasil, mesmo com tudo isso, o Ministério Público pode denunciar por crime como lesão corporal grave, estupro ou tortura, independente de consentimento. Então a prudência nas práticas é fundamental.

Aviso Legal: Este artigo tem caráter meramente informativo e não constitui aconselhamento jurídico. As leis e interpretações podem mudar, e cada situação é única. Recomenda-se buscar orientação de um advogado qualificado para discutir casos específicos.

Se curtiu este artigo faça uma contribuição, se tiver algum ponto relevante para o artigo deixe seu comentário.

@ c9badfea:610f861a

Monospace

𝙰𝙱𝙲𝙳𝙴𝙵𝙶𝙷𝙸𝙹𝙺𝙻𝙼𝙽𝙾𝙿𝚀𝚁𝚂𝚃𝚄𝚅𝚆𝚇𝚈𝚉 𝚊𝚋𝚌𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚐𝚑𝚒𝚓𝚔𝚕𝚖𝚗𝚘𝚙𝚚𝚛𝚜𝚝𝚞𝚟𝚠𝚡𝚢𝚣

---

Script

𝓐𝓑𝓒𝓓𝓔𝓕𝓖𝓗𝓘𝓙𝓚𝓛𝓜𝓝𝓞𝓟𝓠𝓡𝓢𝓣𝓤𝓥𝓦𝓧𝓨𝓩 𝓪𝓫𝓬𝓭𝓮𝓯𝓰𝓱𝓲𝓳𝓴𝓵𝓶𝓷𝓸𝓹𝓺𝓻𝓼𝓽𝓾𝓿𝔀𝔁𝔂𝔃

---

Fraktur

𝔄𝔅ℭ𝔇𝔈𝔉𝔊ℌℑ𝔍𝔎𝔏𝔐𝔑𝔒𝔓𝔔ℜ𝔖𝔗𝔘𝔙𝔚𝔛𝔜ℨ 𝔞𝔟𝔠𝔡𝔢𝔣𝔤𝔥𝔦𝔧𝔨𝔩𝔪𝔫𝔬𝔭𝔮𝔯𝔰𝔱𝔲𝔳𝔴𝔵𝔶𝔷

Fraktur - Bold

𝕬𝕭𝕮𝕯𝕰𝕱𝕲𝕳𝕴𝕵𝕶𝕷𝕸𝕹𝕺𝕻𝕼𝕽𝕾𝕿𝖀𝖁𝖂𝖃𝖄𝖅 𝖆𝖇𝖈𝖉𝖊𝖋𝖌𝖍𝖎𝖏𝖐𝖑𝖒𝖓𝖔𝖕𝖖𝖗𝖘𝖙𝖚𝖛𝖜𝖝𝖞𝖟

---

Sans Serif - Italic

𝘈𝘉𝘊𝘋𝘌𝘍𝘎𝘏𝘐𝘑𝘒𝘓𝘔𝘕𝘖𝘗𝘘𝘙𝘚𝘛𝘜𝘝𝘞𝘟𝘠𝘡 𝘢𝘣𝘤𝘥𝘦𝘧𝘨𝘩𝘪𝘫𝘬𝘭𝘮𝘯𝘰𝘱𝘲𝘳𝘴𝘵𝘶𝘷𝘸𝘹𝘺𝘻

Sans Serif - Bold

𝗔𝗕𝗖𝗗𝗘𝗙𝗚𝗛𝗜𝗝𝗞𝗟𝗠𝗡𝗢𝗣𝗤𝗥𝗦𝗧𝗨𝗩𝗪𝗫𝗬𝗭 𝗮𝗯𝗰𝗱𝗲𝗳𝗴𝗵𝗶𝗷𝗸𝗹𝗺𝗻𝗼𝗽𝗾𝗿𝘀𝘁𝘂𝘃𝘄𝘅𝘆𝘇

Sans Serif - Bold Italic

𝘼𝘽𝘾𝘿𝙀𝙁𝙂𝙃𝙄𝙅𝙆𝙇𝙈𝙉𝙊𝙋𝙌𝙍𝙎𝙏𝙐𝙑𝙒𝙓𝙔𝙕 𝙖𝙗𝙘𝙙𝙚𝙛𝙜𝙝𝙞𝙟𝙠𝙡𝙢𝙣𝙤𝙥𝙦𝙧𝙨𝙩𝙪𝙫𝙬𝙭𝙮𝙯

Sans Serif - Double-Struck

𝖠𝖡𝖢𝖣𝖤𝖥𝖦𝖧𝖨𝖩𝖪𝖫𝖬𝖭𝖮𝖯𝖰𝖱𝖲𝖳𝖴𝖵𝖶𝖷𝖸𝖹 𝖺𝖻𝖼𝖽𝖾𝖿𝗀𝗁𝗂𝗃𝗄𝗅𝗆𝗇𝗈𝗉𝗊𝗋𝗌𝗍𝗎𝗏𝗐𝗑𝗒𝗓

---

Serif - Italic

𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻𝐼𝐽𝐾𝐿𝑀𝑁𝑂𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆𝑇𝑈𝑉𝑊𝑋𝑌𝑍 𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑔ℎ𝑖𝑗𝑘𝑙𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑝𝑞𝑟𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑣𝑤𝑥𝑦𝑧

Serif - Bold

𝐀𝐁𝐂𝐃𝐄𝐅𝐆𝐇𝐈𝐉𝐊𝐋𝐌𝐍𝐎𝐏𝐐𝐑𝐒𝐓𝐔𝐕𝐖𝐗𝐘𝐙 𝐚𝐛𝐜𝐝𝐞𝐟𝐠𝐡𝐢𝐣𝐤𝐥𝐦𝐧𝐨𝐩𝐪𝐫𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐯𝐰𝐱𝐲𝐳

Serif - Bold Italic

𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫𝑬𝑭𝑮𝑯𝑰𝑱𝑲𝑳𝑴𝑵𝑶𝑷𝑸𝑹𝑺𝑻𝑼𝑽𝑾𝑿𝒀𝒁 𝒂𝒃𝒄𝒅𝒆𝒇𝒈𝒉𝒊𝒋𝒌𝒍𝒎𝒏𝒐𝒑𝒒𝒓𝒔𝒕𝒖𝒗𝒘𝒙𝒚𝒛

Serif - Double-Struck

𝔸𝔹ℂ𝔻𝔼𝔽𝔾ℍ𝕀𝕁𝕂𝕃𝕄ℕ𝕆ℙℚℝ𝕊𝕋𝕌𝕍𝕎𝕏𝕐ℤ 𝕒𝕓𝕔𝕕𝕖𝕗𝕘𝕙𝕚𝕛𝕜𝕝𝕞𝕟𝕠𝕡𝕢𝕣𝕤𝕥𝕦𝕧𝕨

---

Regional Indicator Symbols

🇦 🇧 🇨 🇩 🇪 🇫 🇬 🇭 🇮 🇯 🇰 🇱 🇲 🇳 🇴 🇵 🇶 🇷 🇸 🇹 🇺 🇻 🇼 🇽 🇾 🇿

---

Pseudo-Asian

卂 乃 匚 ᗪ 乇 千 Ꮆ 卄 丨 ﾌ Ҝ ㄥ 爪 几 ㄖ 卩 Ɋ 尺 丂 ㄒ ㄩ ᐯ 山 乂 ㄚ 乙

---

Circled

ⒶⒷⒸⒹⒺⒻⒼⒽⒾⒿⓀⓁⓂⓃⓄⓅⓆⓇⓈⓉⓊⓋⓌⓍⓎⓏ ⓐⓑⓒⓓⓔⓕⓖⓗⓘⓙⓚⓛⓜⓝⓞⓟⓠⓡⓢⓣⓤⓥⓦⓧⓨⓩ

---

Squared #1

🄰🅱🄲🅳🄴🅵🄶🅷🄸🅹🄺🅻🄼🅽🄾🅿🅀🆁🅂🆃🅄🆅🅆🆇🅈🆉 🅰🄱🅲🄳🅴🄵🅶🄷🅸🄹🅺🄻🅼🄽🅾🄿🆀🅁🆂🅃🆄🅅🆆🅇🆈🅉

Squared #2

🄰🄱🄲🄳🄴🄵🄶🄷🄸🄹🄺🄻🄼🄽🄾🄿🅀🅁🅂🅃🅄🅅🅆🅇🅈🅉

Squared #3

🅰🅱🅲🅳🅴🅵🅶🅷🅸🅹🅺🅻🅼🅽🅾🅿🆀🆁🆂🆃🆄🆅🆆🆇🆈🆉

Squared #4

🅐🅑🅒🅓🅔🅕🅖🅗🅘🅙🅚🅛🅜🅝🅞🅟🅠🅡🅢🅣🅤🅥🅦🅧🅨🅩

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

Prelude

I wrote this post differently than any of my others. It started with a discussion with AI on an OPSec-inspired review of separation of powers, and evolved into quite an exciting debate! I asked Grok to write up a summary in my overall writing style, which it got pretty well. I've decided to post it exactly as-is. Ultimately, I think there are two solid ideas driving my stance here:

1. Perfect is the enemy of the good
2. Failure is the crucible of success

Beyond that, just some hard-core belief in freedom, separation of powers, and operating from self-interest.

Intro

Alright, buckle up. I’ve been chewing on this idea for a while, and it’s time to spit it out. Let’s look at the U.S. government like I’d look at a codebase under a cybersecurity audit—OPSEC style, no fluff. Forget the endless debates about what politicians should do. That’s noise. I want to talk about what they can do, the raw powers baked into the system, and why we should stop pretending those powers are sacred. If there’s a hole, either patch it or exploit it. No half-measures. And yeah, I’m okay if the whole thing crashes a bit—failure’s a feature, not a bug.

The Filibuster: A Security Rule with No Teeth

You ever see a firewall rule that’s more theater than protection? That’s the Senate filibuster. Everyone acts like it’s this untouchable guardian of democracy, but here’s the deal: a simple majority can torch it any day. It’s not a law; it’s a Senate preference, like choosing tabs over spaces. When people call killing it the “nuclear option,” I roll my eyes. Nuclear? It’s a button labeled “press me.” If a party wants it gone, they’ll do it. So why the dance?

I say stop playing games. Get rid of the filibuster. If you’re one of those folks who thinks it’s the only thing saving us from tyranny, fine—push for a constitutional amendment to lock it in. That’s a real patch, not a Post-it note. Until then, it’s just a vulnerability begging to be exploited. Every time a party threatens to nuke it, they’re admitting it’s not essential. So let’s stop pretending and move on.

Supreme Court Packing: Because Nine’s Just a Number

Here’s another fun one: the Supreme Court. Nine justices, right? Sounds official. Except it’s not. The Constitution doesn’t say nine—it’s silent on the number. Congress could pass a law tomorrow to make it 15, 20, or 42 (hitchhiker’s reference, anyone?). Packing the court is always on the table, and both sides know it. It’s like a root exploit just sitting there, waiting for someone to log in.

So why not call the bluff? If you’re in power—say, Trump’s back in the game—say, “I’m packing the court unless we amend the Constitution to fix it at nine.” Force the issue. No more shadowboxing. And honestly? The court’s got way too much power anyway. It’s not supposed to be a super-legislature, but here we are, with justices’ ideologies driving the bus. That’s a bug, not a feature. If the court weren’t such a kingmaker, packing it wouldn’t even matter. Maybe we should be talking about clipping its wings instead of just its size.

The Executive Should Go Full Klingon

Let’s talk presidents. I’m not saying they should wear Klingon armor and start shouting “Qapla’!”—though, let’s be real, that’d be awesome. I’m saying the executive should use every scrap of power the Constitution hands them. Enforce the laws you agree with, sideline the ones you don’t. If Congress doesn’t like it, they’ve got tools: pass new laws, override vetoes, or—here’s the big one—cut the budget. That’s not chaos; that’s the system working as designed.

Right now, the real problem isn’t the president overreaching; it’s the bureaucracy. It’s like a daemon running in the background, eating CPU and ignoring the user. The president’s supposed to be the one steering, but the administrative state’s got its own agenda. Let the executive flex, push the limits, and force Congress to check it. Norms? Pfft. The Constitution’s the spec sheet—stick to it.

Let the System Crash

Here’s where I get a little spicy: I’m totally fine if the government grinds to a halt. Deadlock isn’t a disaster; it’s a feature. If the branches can’t agree, let the president veto, let Congress starve the budget, let enforcement stall. Don’t tell me about “essential services.” Nothing’s so critical it can’t take a breather. Shutdowns force everyone to the table—debate, compromise, or expose who’s dropping the ball. If the public loses trust? Good. They’ll vote out the clowns or live with the circus they elected.

Think of it like a server crash. Sometimes you need a hard reboot to clear the cruft. If voters keep picking the same bad admins, well, the country gets what it deserves. Failure’s the best teacher—way better than limping along on autopilot.

States Are the Real MVPs

If the feds fumble, states step up. Right now, states act like junior devs waiting for the lead engineer to sign off. Why? Federal money. It’s a leash, and it’s tight. Cut that cash, and states will remember they’re autonomous. Some will shine, others will tank—looking at you, California. And I’m okay with that. Let people flee to better-run states. No bailouts, no excuses. States are like competing startups: the good ones thrive, the bad ones pivot or die.

Could it get uneven? Sure. Some states might turn into sci-fi utopias while others look like a post-apocalyptic vidya game. That’s the point—competition sorts it out. Citizens can move, markets adjust, and failure’s a signal to fix your act.

Chaos Isn’t the Enemy

Yeah, this sounds messy. States ignoring federal law, external threats poking at our seams, maybe even a constitutional crisis. I’m not scared. The Supreme Court’s there to referee interstate fights, and Congress sets the rules for state-to-state play. But if it all falls apart? Still cool. States can sort it without a babysitter—it’ll be ugly, but freedom’s worth it. External enemies? They’ll either unify us or break us. If we can’t rally, we don’t deserve the win.

Centralizing power to avoid this is like rewriting your app in a single thread to prevent race conditions—sure, it’s simpler, but you’re begging for a deadlock. Decentralized chaos lets states experiment, lets people escape, lets markets breathe. States competing to cut regulations to attract businesses? That’s a race to the bottom for red tape, but a race to the top for innovation—workers might gripe, but they’ll push back, and the tension’s healthy. Bring it—let the cage match play out. The Constitution’s checks are enough if we stop coddling the system.

Why This Matters

I’m not pitching a utopia. I’m pitching a stress test. The U.S. isn’t a fragile porcelain doll; it’s a rugged piece of hardware built to take some hits. Let it fail a little—filibuster, court, feds, whatever. Patch the holes with amendments if you want, or lean into the grind. Either way, stop fearing the crash. It’s how we debug the republic.

So, what’s your take? Ready to let the system rumble, or got a better way to secure the code? Hit me up—I’m all ears.

@ 58537364:705b4b85

…. “คนเรา โดยเฉพาะสมัยนี้ พูดกันอีกที่หนึ่งก็พูดได้ว่า ถูกสร้างขึ้นมาด้วยหนังสือ, หนังสือมันสร้างคนขึ้นมา คือว่า..อ่านหนังสืออะไรมาก อ่านหนังสืออะไรมาก หนังสือนั้นก็สร้างคนคนนั้นขึ้นมา, สร้างจิตใจของคนนั้นขึ้นมา โดยไม่รู้สึก

…. ไปดูหนังสือที่เขาอ่าน อ่านมากที่สุด เราก็รู้ได้ว่า..คนนี้มีจิตใจเป็นอย่างไร. หนังสือที่นิยมสั่งกันมามาก ล้วนแต่เป็นหนังสือที่ยั่วยวนทางวัตถุ หรือลุ่มหลงทางวัตถุ : แล้วอย่างดีที่สุดก็เอามาให้เสียเวลา อ่านให้มันมึนหัวเล่น อย่างนั้นแหละ จนไม่มีเวลาที่จะไปอ่านหนังสือธรรมะที่แท้จริง เพราะว่ามีหนังสืออื่นมาก วางอยู่มาก ยั่วยวนให้อ่านมากกว่า

…. แม้แต่พระเณร ก็เป็นอย่างนี้ อ่านหนังสือพิมพ์, หรืออ่านหนังสือภาษา, เรียนภาษาต่างประเทศ หรือว่าเรียนวิชานั่น นี่ ล้วนแต่เป็นเรื่องวัตถุ เรื่องอาชีพ เรื่องความดีความเด่น ที่ฝันไว้ในจิตในใจ, ด้วยความหวังความทะเยอทะยานทั้งนั้น แล้วจะเอากําลังใจ หรือมันสมอง หรืออะไรที่ไหนมาเข้าใจ ธรรมะ ธัมโม ได้

…. ทีนี้ ยิ่งนอกวัดออกไป ก็ยิ่งไกลไปใหญ่ : หอสมุดของมหาวิทยาลัย, หอสมุดของชาติ ของอะไร ก็ล้วนแต่เป็น “หอสมุดของซาตาน” มากยิ่งขึ้นเท่านั้น เพราะไปมีมันขึ้น หรือสร้างมันไว้ ด้วยความอยากดีอยากเด่น ด้วยความอยากที่จะร่ำรวยวัตถุทั้งนั้น ฉะนั้น จึงมีผลทําให้คนทั้งโลกนี้เป็นทาสของวัตถุ พร้อมที่จะสร้างวิกฤตการณ์ ขึ้นในโลกในอนาคต

…. แล้วรองลงมาจากนั้น ก็คือ มันมากจนทําให้เวียนหัว เป็น..“บ้าหอบฟาง”; อย่างที่ว่าแล้วว่าเล่า ว่าเป็นบ้าหอบฟาง, รู้อะไรท่วมหัวก็เอาตัวไม่รอด, เรียนจบมหาวิทยาลัยแล้ว ก็ยังไม่รู้ว่าเกิดมาทําไม ?, เรียนมหาวิทยาลัยจบแล้ว อ่านหนังสือในห้องสมุดของมหาวิทยาลัยจบแล้ว ก็ยังเป็นเด็กอมมือ ไม่รู้ว่า.. “กูนี่ เกิดมาทําไม ?”. ดูซิ!, แล้วจะเรียกว่า “อุดมศึกษา” ได้อย่างไรกัน ? แม้แต่เกิดมาทําไม? ก็ยังไม่รู้ นี่การศึกษาสมัยนี้ หอสมุดหรือห้องสมุดของสมัยนี้ มันเป็นอย่างนี้

…. ทีนี้ เมื่อไม่รู้ว่าเกิดมาทําไม ? มันก็ไม่มีอะไร นอกจากเป็นทาสของวัตถุ ที่หวังว่าจะสนุกสนาน เอร็ดอร่อย มีเกียรติ มีอํานาจวาสนา มีอะไรไปทํานองนั้น นี่แหละ คือการตกเป็นทาสของวัตถุ การตกเป็นทาสของอายตนะ คือ ตา หู จมูก ลิ้น กาย ใจ การเล่าเรียนศึกษาขวนขวายนั้น เพื่อจะเป็นทาส ของ ตา หู จมูก ลิ้น กาย ใจ ในการที่จะแสวงหาความสนุกสนาน เอร็ดอร่อย ทางเนื้อทางหนัง มีเท่านี้ การศึกษาและห้องสมุด” . พุทธทาสภิกขุ ที่มา : ธรรมบรรยายชุดชุมนุมล้ออายุ หัวข้อเรื่อง “ยิ่งจะทำให้ดี โลกมันยิ่งบ้า” บรรยาย ณ ลานหินโค้ง กัณฑ์ค่ำ เมื่อวันที่ ๒๗ พฤษภาคม ๒๕๑๓ จากหนังสือชุดธรรมโฆษณ์ เล่มชื่อว่า “ชุมนุมล้ออายุ เล่ม ๑” หน้า ๕๑๒-๕๑๓

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

***Achtung Spreng-Arbeiten!***

Der verbliebene intakte Strang der Nordstream Pipeline soll jetzt von Deutschland mit einem hochexplosiven 18. Sanktionspaket gesprengt werden, damit Putin nicht, wie schon in Kursk, Truppen durch das Rohr schickt, und so doch noch in Schwedt anlandend auf deutschem Boden eine russische Invasion stattfinden kann.

***Kriegserklärung***

Deutschland hat Deutschland den Krieg erklärt. Zunächst freiwillig, doch wenn es nicht von allein noch schlimmer wird, wird es eine Kriegspflicht geben müssen. Kriegstreibende Propaganda und der intensive Ausbau des Feindbilds sollen die Bevölkerung dahingehend umstimmen, weil Frieden doch auf die Dauer sehr langweilig ist.

***Verwechslung***

Bei der Einstellung der Außenbeauftragten der Europäischen Union ist es zu einer Verwechslung gekommen. Ursprünglich wollte man Maria Callas einstellen, doch dann stellte man fest, dass diese begnadete Stimme leider nicht mehr unter uns weilt.

***Bedingungslose Kapitulation***

Anlässlich der Bereicherung der UN durch die Präsidentschaft der ehemaligen deutschen Außen-Dings, haben die Vereinten Nationen direkt nach der unerklärlichen Wahl vorsorglich ihre Bedingungslose Kapitulation gegenüber allen Nationen bekannt gegeben. Alle von der Präsidentin getroffenen Aussagen haben vorläufigen Charakter und werden aufgrund der Fremdsprachlichkeit der Präsidentin auf ihren korrekten Inhalt hin nachträglich überprüft.

***Mehrfach gesichert ***

Ein gesichert staatsfinanziertes Rechercheportal hat durch investigative Recherche herausgefunden, dass der neue Papst gesichert katholisch ist. Es konnte nicht nur eine Nähe festgestellt werden, sondern es wurde sogar gesichert nachgewiesen, dass es sich um dieselbe katholische Kirche handelt, die schon seinerzeit in der Inquisition Hexen und Ketzer verbrannt hat.

***Gleichbehandlung***

Nachdem es in Spanien und Portugal und zuletzt auch in Südfrankreich zu einem Stromausfall gekommen ist, hat die deutsche Regierung beim Europäischen Gerichtshof Klage eingereicht. Im Zuge der Gleichbehandlung aller Nationen will Deutschland nun das Recht auf einen eigenen Black-Out für mindestens zwei Tage einklagen.

***Problem fehlender Wohnungen gelöst***

Aufgrund der Wohnungsknappheit hat die deutsche Regierung nun einen Fond aufgelegt, aus dem jede Familie 35.000 Euro Starthilfe erhält, wenn sie für mindestens 10 Jahre das Land verlässt. Es kam bereits zu ersten Ausreisen, bevor noch die Starthilfe ausgezahlt werden konnte.

***Bürokratieabbau***

Zum schnellen und effizienten Bürokratieabbau wird ein neues Ministerium für Komplikationen mit mindestens 5.000 Mitarbeitern eingerichtet, um den überbordenden Verordnungs- und Bürokratiesumpf auszutrocknen. Derzeit warten nur noch wenige 100 Beamte darauf, dass ihnen Arbeit zugewiesen wird.

***‘Aufruf an die deutsche Bevölkerung***

Die deutschen Haushalte werden gebeten, vorhandene Küchensiebe der Bundesregierung zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die vorhandenen Sieblöcher sollen zugelötet und die Siebe so als Alu- oder Edelstahlhelme für die Bundeswehr zur bevorstehenden gemeinsamen Invasion der USA und Russlands in Deutschland verwendet werden. Weiter sollen ausgediente Heizöltanks auf die Ladeflächen offener Pritschenwagen installiert werden, um die in Deutschland verbliebenen Panzer betanken zu können.

***Long-Pipeline oder Post-Gas?***

Deutschland will nicht, dass Nordstream wieder in Betrieb genommen wird, weil das russische Gas Verunreinigungen, unter anderem auch Nano-Partikel enthält, dass den deutschen Gasthermen Schaden zufügen könnte. Das erklärt auch, warum die deutsche Aufklärung zur Sprengung der Nordstream-Pipelines im Sande verlaufen ist: Zu explosiv!

***Mielke: Ich liebe doch alle Menschen…***

Gerüchten zufolge soll der berühmt gewordene Satz von Erich Mielke in seiner ersten und einzigen Rede vor der DDR-Volkskammer am 13.11.1989 den amtierenden deutschen Außenminister sehr inspiriert haben: Ich hasse…ich hasse doch alle, alle Russen… ich hasse doch, ich setze mich dafür ein… dass Russland immer unser Feind sein wird!

***Durchbruch in der Quantenphysik***

Deutschen Quantenphysikern ist es gelungen, dass Taurus zur gleichen Zeit sowohl noch in Deutschland, als auch schon in der Ukraine sein kann. Lediglich die Eingabe der Zielkoordinaten bereitet den Programmierern noch Schwierigkeiten. Je nachdem, wo sich der Taurus gerade befindet, kann das Hauptstadt-Ziel sowohl Berlin, als auch Moskau sein.

***Selbstjustiz***

Die verantwortlichen Politiker während des Corona-Ereignisses haben ein Gerichtsverfahren ins Leben gerufen, in dem sie sich gegenseitig beschuldigt und verurteilt haben. Anschließend begab man sich unter Polizeischutz in ein bekanntes Promi-Lokal in Berlin und fuhr danach weiter zur Selbsteinweisung nach Bauzen.

***Kaiser’s Sektsteuer***

Um die seinerzeit eingeführte Sektsteuer zum Aufbau der deutschen Kriegsmarine wieder ihrem ursprünglichen Zweck zuzuführen, hat die Meyer-Werft sich bereit erklärt, Fregatten zu bauen, mit der die Deutsche Marine dann Panzerkreuzerfahrten in der Ostsee vor Königsberg veranstalten will. Schon wenige Tage nach Bekanntgabe waren die ersten Vergnügungsdampferfahrten mit „Meine Fregatte“ komplett ausgebucht.

Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.

* *

(Bild von pixabay)

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

Básico

bash lsblk # Lista todos os diretorios montados.

Para criar o sistema de arquivos:

bash mkfs.btrfs -L "ThePool" -f /dev/sdx

Criando um subvolume:

bash btrfs subvolume create SubVol

Montando Sistema de Arquivos:

bash mount -o compress=zlib,subvol=SubVol,autodefrag /dev/sdx /mnt

Lista os discos formatados no diretório:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Adiciona novo disco ao subvolume:

bash btrfs device add -f /dev/sdy /mnt

Lista novamente os discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Exibe uso dos discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem df /mnt

Balancea os dados entre os discos sobre raid1:

bash btrfs filesystem balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt

Scrub é uma passagem por todos os dados e metadados do sistema de arquivos e verifica as somas de verificação. Se uma cópia válida estiver disponível (perfis de grupo de blocos replicados), a danificada será reparada. Todas as cópias dos perfis replicados são validadas.

iniciar o processo de depuração :

bash btrfs scrub start /mnt

ver o status do processo de depuração Btrfs em execução:

bash btrfs scrub status /mnt

ver o status do scrub Btrfs para cada um dos dispositivos

bash btrfs scrub status -d / data btrfs scrub cancel / data

Para retomar o processo de depuração do Btrfs que você cancelou ou pausou:

btrfs scrub resume / data

Listando os subvolumes:

bash btrfs subvolume list /Reports

Criando um instantâneo dos subvolumes:

Aqui, estamos criando um instantâneo de leitura e gravação chamado snap de marketing do subvolume de marketing.

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-snap

Além disso, você pode criar um instantâneo somente leitura usando o sinalizador -r conforme mostrado. O marketing-rosnap é um instantâneo somente leitura do subvolume de marketing

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-rosnap

Forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos usando o utilitário 'sync'

Para forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos, invoque a opção de sincronização conforme mostrado. Observe que o sistema de arquivos já deve estar montado para que o processo de sincronização continue com sucesso.

bash btrfs filsystem sync /Reports

Para excluir o dispositivo do sistema de arquivos, use o comando device delete conforme mostrado.

bash btrfs device delete /dev/sdc /Reports

Para sondar o status de um scrub, use o comando scrub status com a opção -dR .

bash btrfs scrub status -dR / Relatórios

Para cancelar a execução do scrub, use o comando scrub cancel .

bash $ sudo btrfs scrub cancel / Reports

Para retomar ou continuar com uma depuração interrompida anteriormente, execute o comando de cancelamento de depuração

bash sudo btrfs scrub resume /Reports

mostra o uso do dispositivo de armazenamento:

btrfs filesystem usage /data

Para distribuir os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID (incluindo o dispositivo de armazenamento recém-adicionado) montados no diretório /data , execute o seguinte comando:

sudo btrfs balance start --full-balance /data

Pode demorar um pouco para espalhar os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID se ele contiver muitos dados.

Opções importantes de montagem Btrfs

Nesta seção, vou explicar algumas das importantes opções de montagem do Btrfs. Então vamos começar.

As opções de montagem Btrfs mais importantes são:

**1. acl e noacl

**ACL gerencia permissões de usuários e grupos para os arquivos/diretórios do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem acl Btrfs habilita ACL. Para desabilitar a ACL, você pode usar a opção de montagem noacl .

Por padrão, a ACL está habilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem acl por padrão.

**2. autodefrag e noautodefrag

**Desfragmentar um sistema de arquivos Btrfs melhorará o desempenho do sistema de arquivos reduzindo a fragmentação de dados.

A opção de montagem autodefrag permite a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem noautodefrag desativa a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

Por padrão, a desfragmentação automática está desabilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem noautodefrag por padrão.

**3. compactar e compactar-forçar

**Controla a compactação de dados no nível do sistema de arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção compactar compacta apenas os arquivos que valem a pena compactar (se compactar o arquivo economizar espaço em disco).

A opção compress-force compacta todos os arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs, mesmo que a compactação do arquivo aumente seu tamanho.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta muitos algoritmos de compactação e cada um dos algoritmos de compactação possui diferentes níveis de compactação.

Os algoritmos de compactação suportados pelo Btrfs são: lzo , zlib (nível 1 a 9) e zstd (nível 1 a 15).

Você pode especificar qual algoritmo de compactação usar para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com uma das seguintes opções de montagem:

• compress=algoritmo:nível
• compress-force=algoritmo:nível

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como habilitar a compactação do sistema de arquivos Btrfs .

**4. subvol e subvolid

**Estas opções de montagem são usadas para montar separadamente um subvolume específico de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem subvol é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando seu caminho relativo.

A opção de montagem subvolid é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando o ID do subvolume.

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como criar e montar subvolumes Btrfs .

**5. dispositivo

A opção de montagem de dispositivo** é usada no sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs.

Em alguns casos, o sistema operacional pode falhar ao detectar os dispositivos de armazenamento usados em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs. Nesses casos, você pode usar a opção de montagem do dispositivo para especificar os dispositivos que deseja usar para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar a opção de montagem de dispositivo várias vezes para carregar diferentes dispositivos de armazenamento para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar o nome do dispositivo (ou seja, sdb , sdc ) ou UUID , UUID_SUB ou PARTUUID do dispositivo de armazenamento com a opção de montagem do dispositivo para identificar o dispositivo de armazenamento.

Por exemplo,

• dispositivo=/dev/sdb
• dispositivo=/dev/sdb,dispositivo=/dev/sdc
• dispositivo=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d
• device=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d,device=UUID_SUB=f7ce4875-0874-436a-b47d-3edef66d3424

**6. degraded

A opção de montagem degradada** permite que um RAID Btrfs seja montado com menos dispositivos de armazenamento do que o perfil RAID requer.

Por exemplo, o perfil raid1 requer a presença de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento. Se um dos dispositivos de armazenamento não estiver disponível em qualquer caso, você usa a opção de montagem degradada para montar o RAID mesmo que 1 de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento esteja disponível.

**7. commit

A opção commit** mount é usada para definir o intervalo (em segundos) dentro do qual os dados serão gravados no dispositivo de armazenamento.

O padrão é definido como 30 segundos.

Para definir o intervalo de confirmação para 15 segundos, você pode usar a opção de montagem commit=15 (digamos).

**8. ssd e nossd

A opção de montagem ssd** informa ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs que o sistema de arquivos está usando um dispositivo de armazenamento SSD, e o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faz a otimização SSD necessária.

A opção de montagem nossd desativa a otimização do SSD.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem de SSD será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd é habilitada.

**9. ssd_spread e nossd_spread

A opção de montagem ssd_spread** tenta alocar grandes blocos contínuos de espaço não utilizado do SSD. Esse recurso melhora o desempenho de SSDs de baixo custo (baratos).

A opção de montagem nossd_spread desativa o recurso ssd_spread .

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem ssd_spread será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd_spread é habilitada.

**10. descarte e nodiscard

Se você estiver usando um SSD que suporte TRIM enfileirado assíncrono (SATA rev3.1), a opção de montagem de descarte** permitirá o descarte de blocos de arquivos liberados. Isso melhorará o desempenho do SSD.

Se o SSD não suportar TRIM enfileirado assíncrono, a opção de montagem de descarte prejudicará o desempenho do SSD. Nesse caso, a opção de montagem nodiscard deve ser usada.

Por padrão, a opção de montagem nodiscard é usada.

**11. norecovery

Se a opção de montagem norecovery** for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs não tentará executar a operação de recuperação de dados no momento da montagem.

**12. usebackuproot e nousebackuproot

Se a opção de montagem usebackuproot for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs tentará recuperar qualquer raiz de árvore ruim/corrompida no momento da montagem. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs pode armazenar várias raízes de árvore no sistema de arquivos. A opção de montagem usebackuproot** procurará uma boa raiz de árvore e usará a primeira boa que encontrar.

A opção de montagem nousebackuproot não verificará ou recuperará raízes de árvore inválidas/corrompidas no momento da montagem. Este é o comportamento padrão do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

**13. space_cache, space_cache=version, nospace_cache e clear_cache

A opção de montagem space_cache** é usada para controlar o cache de espaço livre. O cache de espaço livre é usado para melhorar o desempenho da leitura do espaço livre do grupo de blocos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs na memória (RAM).

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta 2 versões do cache de espaço livre: v1 (padrão) e v2

O mecanismo de cache de espaço livre v2 melhora o desempenho de sistemas de arquivos grandes (tamanho de vários terabytes).

Você pode usar a opção de montagem space_cache=v1 para definir a v1 do cache de espaço livre e a opção de montagem space_cache=v2 para definir a v2 do cache de espaço livre.

A opção de montagem clear_cache é usada para limpar o cache de espaço livre.

Quando o cache de espaço livre v2 é criado, o cache deve ser limpo para criar um cache de espaço livre v1 .

Portanto, para usar o cache de espaço livre v1 após a criação do cache de espaço livre v2 , as opções de montagem clear_cache e space_cache=v1 devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,space_cache=v1

A opção de montagem nospace_cache é usada para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre.

Para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre após a criação do cache v1 ou v2 , as opções de montagem nospace_cache e clear_cache devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,nosapce_cache

**14. skip_balance

Por padrão, a operação de balanceamento interrompida/pausada de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs será retomada automaticamente assim que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs for montado. Para desabilitar a retomada automática da operação de equilíbrio interrompido/pausado em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs, você pode usar a opção de montagem skip_balance .**

**15. datacow e nodatacow

A opção datacow** mount habilita o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. É o comportamento padrão.

Se você deseja desabilitar o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs para os arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatacow .

**16. datasum e nodatasum

A opção datasum** mount habilita a soma de verificação de dados para arquivos recém-criados do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Este é o comportamento padrão.

Se você não quiser que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faça a soma de verificação dos dados dos arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatasum .

Perfis Btrfs

Um perfil Btrfs é usado para informar ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs quantas cópias dos dados/metadados devem ser mantidas e quais níveis de RAID devem ser usados para os dados/metadados. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs contém muitos perfis. Entendê-los o ajudará a configurar um RAID Btrfs da maneira que você deseja.

Os perfis Btrfs disponíveis são os seguintes:

single : Se o perfil único for usado para os dados/metadados, apenas uma cópia dos dados/metadados será armazenada no sistema de arquivos, mesmo se você adicionar vários dispositivos de armazenamento ao sistema de arquivos. Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

dup : Se o perfil dup for usado para os dados/metadados, cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos manterá duas cópias dos dados/metadados. Assim, 50% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

raid0 : No perfil raid0 , os dados/metadados serão divididos igualmente em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, não haverá dados/metadados redundantes (duplicados). Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser usado. Se, em qualquer caso, um dos dispositivos de armazenamento falhar, todo o sistema de arquivos será corrompido. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid0 .

raid1 : No perfil raid1 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a uma falha de unidade. Mas você pode usar apenas 50% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1 .

raid1c3 : No perfil raid1c3 , três cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 33% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c3 .

raid1c4 : No perfil raid1c4 , quatro cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a três falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 25% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c4 .

raid10 : No perfil raid10 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos, como no perfil raid1 . Além disso, os dados/metadados serão divididos entre os dispositivos de armazenamento, como no perfil raid0 .

O perfil raid10 é um híbrido dos perfis raid1 e raid0 . Alguns dos dispositivos de armazenamento formam arrays raid1 e alguns desses arrays raid1 são usados para formar um array raid0 . Em uma configuração raid10 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade em cada uma das matrizes raid1 .

Você pode usar 50% do espaço total em disco na configuração raid10 . Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid10 .

raid5 : No perfil raid5 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Uma única paridade será calculada e distribuída entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid5 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade. Se uma unidade falhar, você pode adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir da paridade distribuída das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 1 00x(N-1)/N % do total de espaços em disco na configuração raid5 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid5 .

raid6 : No perfil raid6 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Duas paridades serão calculadas e distribuídas entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid6 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade ao mesmo tempo. Se uma unidade falhar, você poderá adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir das duas paridades distribuídas das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 100x(N-2)/N % do espaço total em disco na configuração raid6 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid6 .

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

排名随机， 列表正在增加中。

Cody Tseng

jumble.social 的作者

https://jumble.social/users/npub1syjmjy0dp62dhccq3g97fr87tngvpvzey08llyt6ul58m2zqpzps9wf6wl

• Running [ wss://nostr-relay.app ] (free & WoT) 💜⚡️
• Building 👨‍💻:
• https://github.com/CodyTseng/jumble
• https://github.com/CodyTseng/nostr-relay-tray
• https://github.com/CodyTseng/danmakustr
• https://github.com/CodyTseng/nostr-relay-nestjs
• https://github.com/CodyTseng/nostr-relay
• https://github.com/CodyTseng

阿甘

• @agan0
• 0xchat.com
• canidae40@coinos.io
• https://jumble.social/users/npub13zyg3zysfylqc6nwfgj2uvce5rtlck2u50vwtjhpn92wzyusprfsdl2rce

joomaen

• Follows you
• joomaen.com

• 95aebd@wallet.yakihonne.com

• nobot

• https://joomaen.filegear-sg.me/
• https://jumble.social/users/npub1wlpfd84ymdx2rpvnqht7h2lkq5lazvkaejywrvtchlvn3geulfgqp74qq0

颜值精选官

• wasp@ok0.org
• 专注分享 各类 图片与视频，每日为你带来颜值盛宴，心动不止一点点。欢迎关注，一起发现更多美好！
• https://jumble.social/users/npub1d5ygkef6r0l7w29ek9l9c7hulsvdshms2qh74jp5qpfyad4g6h5s4ap6lz

6svjszwk

• 6svjszwk@ok0.org
• 83vEfErLivtS9to39i73ETeaPkCF5ejQFbExoM5Vc2FDLqSE5Ah6NbqN6JaWPQbMeJh2muDiHPEDjboCVFYkHk4dHitivVi

• low-time-preference

• anarcho-capitalism

• libertarianism

• bitcoin #monero

• https://jumble.social/users/npub1sxgnpqfyd5vjexj4j5tsgfc826ezyz2ywze3w8jchd0rcshw3k6svjszwk

𝘌𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺𝘥𝘢𝘺 𝘔𝘰𝘳𝘯𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘳

• everyday@iris.to
• 虽然现在对某些事情下结论还为时尚早，但是从趋势来看，邪恶抬头已经不可避免。
• 我们要做的就是坚持内心的那一份良知，与邪恶战斗到底。
• 黑暗森林时代，当好小透明。
• bc1q7tuckqhkwf4vgc64rsy3rxy5qy6pmdrgxewcww
• https://jumble.social/users/npub1j2pha2chpr0qsmj2f6w783200upa7dvqnnard7vn9l8tv86m7twqszmnke

nostr_cn_dev

npub1l5r02s4udsr28xypsyx7j9lxchf80ha4z6y6269d0da9frtd2nxsvum9jm@npub.cash

Developed the following products: - NostrBridge, 网桥转发 - TaskQ5, 分布式多任务 - NostrHTTP, nostr to http - Postr, 匿名交友，匿名邮局 - nostrclient (Python client) . -nostrbook, (nostrbook.com) 用nostr在线写书 * https://www.duozhutuan.com nostrhttp demo * https://github.com/duozhutuan/NostrBridge * * https://jumble.social/users/npub1l5r02s4udsr28xypsyx7j9lxchf80ha4z6y6269d0da9frtd2nxsvum9jm *

CXPLAY

• lightning@cxplay.org
• 😉很高兴遇到你, 你可以叫我 CX 或 CXPLAY, 这个名字没有特殊含义, 无需在意.
• ©本账号下所有内容如未经特殊声明均使用 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 许可协议授权.
• 🌐如果您在 Fediverse 收到本账号的内容则说明您的实例已与 Mostr.pub 或 Momostr.pink Bridge 互联, 您所看到的账号为镜像, 所有账号内容正在跨网传递. 如有必要请检查原始页面.
• 🧑‍💻正在提供中文本地化(i10n): #Amethyst #Amber #Citrine #Soapbox #Ditto #Alby
• https://cx.ms/

https://jumble.social/users/npub1gd8e0xfkylc7v8c5a6hkpj4gelwwcy99jt90lqjseqjj2t253s2s6ch58h

w

• 0xchat的作者
• 0xchat@getalby.com
• Building for 0xchat
• https://www.0xchat.com/
• https://jumble.social/users/npub10td4yrp6cl9kmjp9x5yd7r8pm96a5j07lk5mtj2kw39qf8frpt8qm9x2wl

Michael

• highman@blink.sv
• Composer Artist | Musician
• 🎹🎼🎤🏸🏝️🐕❤️
• 在這裡可以看到「我看世界」的樣子
• 他是光良
• https://jumble.social/users/npub1kr5vqlelt8l47s2z0l47z4myqg897m04vrnaqks3emwryca3al7sv83ry3

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Marty's Bent

It's been a pretty historic week for the United States as it pertains to geopolitical relations in the Middle East. President Trump and many members of his administration, including AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, traveled across the Middle East making deals with countries like Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, and others. Many are speculating that Iran may be included in some behind the scenes deal as well. This trip to the Middle East makes sense considering the fact that China is also vying for favorable relationships with those countries. The Middle East is a power player in the world, and it seems pretty clear that Donald Trump is dead set on ensuring that they choose the United States over China as the world moves towards a more multi-polar reality.

Many are calling the events of this week the Riyadh Accords. There were many deals that were struck in relation to artificial intelligence, defense, energy and direct investments in the United States. A truly prolific power play and demonstration of deal-making ability of Donald Trump, if you ask me. Though I will admit some of the numbers that were thrown out by some of the countries were a bit egregious. We shall see how everything plays out in the coming years. It will be interesting to see how China reacts to this power move by the United States.

While all this was going on, there was something happening back in the United States that many people outside of fringe corners of FinTwit are not talking about, which is the fact that the 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bond yields are back on the rise. Yesterday, they surpassed the levels of mid-April that caused a market panic and are hovering back around levels that have not been seen since right before Donald Trump's inauguration.

I imagine that there isn't as much of an uproar right now because I'm pretty confident the media freakouts we were experiencing in mid-April were driven by the fact that many large hedge funds found themselves off sides of large levered basis trades. I wouldn't be surprised if those funds have decreased their leverage in those trades and bond yields being back to mid-April levels is not affecting those funds as much as they were last month. But the point stands, the 10-year and 30-year yields are significantly elevated with the 30-year approaching 5%. Regardless of the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East, the Treasury has a big problem on its hands. It still has to roll over many trillions worth of debt over over the next few years and doing so at these rates is going to be massively detrimental to fiscal deficits over the next decade. The interest expense on the debt is set to explode in the coming years.

On that note, data from the first quarter of 2025 has been released by the government and despite all the posturing by the Trump administration around DOGE and how tariffs are going to be beneficial for the U.S. economy, deficits are continuing to explode while the interest expense on the debt has definitively surpassed our annual defense budget.

via Charlie Bilello

via Mohamed Al-Erian

To make matters worse, as things are deteriorating on the fiscal side of things, the U.S. consumer is getting crushed by credit. The 90-plus day delinquency rates for credit card and auto loans are screaming higher right now.

via TXMC

One has to wonder how long all this can continue without some sort of liquidity crunch. Even though equities markets have recovered from their post-Liberation Day month long bear market, I would not be surprised if what we're witnessing is a dead cat bounce that can only be continued if the money printers are turned back on. Something's got to give, both on the fiscal side and in the private markets where the Common Man is getting crushed because he's been forced to take on insane amounts of debt to stay afloat after years of elevated levels of inflation. Add on the fact that AI has reached a state of maturity that will enable companies to replace their current meat suit workers with an army of cheap, efficient and fast digital workers and it isn't hard to see that some sort of employment crisis could be on the horizon as well.

Now is not the time to get complacent. While I do believe that the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East are probably in the best interest of the United States as the world, again, moves toward a more multi-polar reality, we are facing problems that one cannot simply wish away. They will need to be confronted. And as we've seen throughout the 21st century, the problems are usually met head-on with a money printer.

I take no pleasure in saying this because it is a bit uncouth to be gleeful to benefit from the strife of others, but it is pretty clear to me that all signs are pointing to bitcoin benefiting massively from everything that is going on. The shift towards a more multi-polar world, the runaway debt situation here in the United States, the increasing deficits, the AI job replacements and the consumer credit crisis that is currently unfolding, All will need to be "solved" by turning on the money printers to levels they've never been pushed to before.

Weird times we're living in.

China's Manufacturing Dominance: Why It Matters for the U.S.

In my recent conversation with Lyn Alden, she highlighted how China has rapidly ascended the manufacturing value chain. As Lyn pointed out, China transformed from making "sneakers and plastic trinkets" to becoming the world's largest auto exporter in just four years. This dramatic shift represents more than economic success—it's a strategic power play. China now dominates solar panel production with greater market control than OPEC has over oil and maintains near-monopoly control of rare earth elements crucial for modern technology.

"China makes like 10 times more steel than the United States does... which is relevant in ship making. It's relevant in all sorts of stuff." - Lyn Alden

Perhaps most concerning, as Lyn emphasized, is China's financial leverage. They hold substantial U.S. assets that could be strategically sold to disrupt U.S. treasury market functioning. This combination of manufacturing dominance, resource control, and financial leverage gives China significant negotiating power in any trade disputes, making our attempts to reshoring manufacturing all the more challenging.

Check out the full podcast here for more on Triffin's dilemma, Bitcoin's role in monetary transition, and the energy requirements for rebuilding America's industrial base.

Headlines of the Day

Financial Times Under Fire Over MicroStrategy Bitcoin Coverage - via X

Trump in Qatar: Historic Boeing Deal Signed - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Johnson Backs Stock Trading Ban; Passage Chances Slim - via X

---

Take the First Step Off the Exchange

Bitkey is an easy, secure way to move your Bitcoin into self-custody. With simple setup and built-in recovery, it’s the perfect starting point for getting your coins off centralized platforms and into cold storage—no complexity, no middlemen.

Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code *“TFTC20”* during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed 158,469 sats | $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Building things of value is satisfying.

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) { .mobile-padding { padding: 10px 0 !important; } .social-container { width: 100% !important; max-width: 260px !important; } .social-icon { padding: 0 !important; } .social-icon img { height: 32px !important; width: 32px !important; } .icon-cell { padding: 0 4px !import

@ 58537364:705b4b85

“สุขเวทนา” ที่แท้ก็คือ “มายา”
เป็นเหมือนลูกคลื่นลูกหนึ่ง
ที่เกิดขึ้นเพราะน้ำถูกลมพัด
เดี๋ยวมันก็แตกกระจายไป

หากต้องการจะมีชีวิตอย่างเกษมแล้ว
ก็ต้องอาศัยความรู้เรื่อง อนิจจัง ทุกขัง อนัตตา ให้สมบูรณ์
มันจะต่อต้านกันได้กับอารมณ์ คือ รูป เสียง กลิ่น รส สัมผัส ที่มากระทบ
ไม่ให้ไปหลงรัก หรือหลงเกลียด

เรื่องวุ่นวายมีอยู่ ๒ อย่างเท่านั้น

1. ไปหลงรัก อย่างหนึ่ง
2. ไปหลงเกลียด อย่างหนึ่ง

ซึ่งเป็นเหตุให้หัวเราะและต้องร้องไห้
ถ้าใครมองเห็นว่า หัวเราะก็กระหืดกระหอบ มันเหนื่อยเหมือนกัน
ร้องไห้ก็กระหืดกระหอบ เหมือนกัน
สู้อยู่เฉย ๆ ดีกว่า อย่าต้องหัวเราะ อย่าต้องร้องไห้
นี่แหละ! มันเป็นความเกษม

เราอย่าได้ตกไปเป็นทาสของอารมณ์
จนไปหัวเราะหรือร้องไห้ตามที่อารมณ์มายั่ว
เราเป็นอิสระแก่ตัว หยุดอยู่ หรือเกษมอยู่อย่างนี้ดีกว่า

---

ใช้ อนิจจัง ทุกขัง อนัตตา เป็นเครื่องมือกำกับชีวิต

• รูป เสียง กลิ่น รส สัมผัส เป็น มายา เป็น illusion
• "ตัวกู-ของกู" ก็เป็น illusion
• เพราะ "ตัวกู-ของกู" มันเกิดมาจากอารมณ์
• "ตัวกู-ของกู" เป็นมายา อารมณ์ทั้งหลายก็เป็นมายา

เห็นได้ด้วยหลัก อนิจจัง ทุกขัง อนัตตา
...ความทุกข์ก็ไม่เกิด

---

เราจะตัดลัดมองไปดูสิ่งที่เป็น “สุขเวทนา”

สุขเวทนา คือ ความสุขสนุกสนาน เอร็ดอร่อย
ที่เป็นสุขนั้นเรียกว่า “สุขเวทนา”

แต่สุขเวทนา เป็นมายา
เพราะมันเป็นเหมือนลูกคลื่นที่เกิดขึ้นเป็นคราว ๆ
ไม่ใช่ตัวจริงอะไร

ที่พูดดังนี้ก็เพราะว่า
ในบรรดาสิ่งทั้งปวงในโลกทั้งหมดทุกโลก
ไม่ว่าโลกไหน มันมีค่าอยู่ก็ตรงที่ให้เกิดสุขเวทนา

ลองคิดดูให้ดีว่า...
- ท่านศึกษาเล่าเรียนทำไม?
- ท่านประกอบอาชีพ หน้าที่การงานทำไม?
- ท่านสะสมทรัพย์สมบัติ เกียรติยศ ชื่อเสียง พวกพ้องบริวารทำไม?

มันก็เพื่อสุขเวทนาอย่างเดียว
เพราะฉะนั้น แปลว่า อะไร ๆ มันก็มารวมจุดอยู่ที่สุขเวทนาหมด

ฉะนั้น ถ้าเรามีความรู้ในเรื่องนี้
จัดการกับเรื่องนี้ให้ถูกต้องเพียงเรื่องเดียวเท่านั้น
ทุกเรื่องมันถูกหมด

เพราะฉะนั้น จึงต้องดูสุขเวทนาให้ถูกต้องตามที่เป็นจริงว่า
มันก็เป็น “มายา” ชนิดหนึ่ง

เราจะต้องจัดการให้สมกันกับที่มันเป็นมายา
ไม่ใช่ว่า จะต้องไปตั้งข้อรังเกียจ เกลียดชังมัน
อย่างนั้นมันยิ่ง บ้าบอที่สุด

ถ้าเข้าไปหลงรัก หลงเป็นทาสมัน
ก็เป็นเรื่อง บ้าบอที่สุด

แต่ว่าไปจัดการกับมันอย่างไรให้ถูกต้อง
นั้นแหละเป็นธรรมะ
เป็น ลูกศิษย์ของพระพุทธเจ้า
ที่จะเอาชนะความทุกข์ได้ และไม่ต้องเป็น โรคทางวิญญาณ

---

สุขเวทนา ที่แท้ก็คือ มายา

มันก็ต้องทำโดยวิธีที่พิจารณาให้เห็นว่า
“สุขเวทนา” นี้ ที่แท้ก็คือ “มายา”

เป็นเหมือน ลูกคลื่นลูกหนึ่ง
ที่เกิดขึ้นเพราะ น้ำถูกลมพัด

หมายความว่า
เมื่อ รูป เสียง กลิ่น รส ฯ เข้ามา
แล้ว ความโง่ คือ อวิชชา โมหะ ออกรับ
กระทบกันแล้วเป็นคลื่น

กล่าวคือ สุขเวทนาเกิดขึ้นมา
แต่ เดี๋ยวมันก็แตกกระจายไป

---

ถ้ามองเห็นอย่างนี้แล้ว
เราก็ไม่เป็นทาสของสุขเวทนา
เราสามารถ ควบคุม จะจัด จะทำกับมันได้
ในวิธีที่ ไม่เป็นทุกข์

• ตัวเองก็ไม่เป็นทุกข์
• ครอบครัวก็ไม่เป็นทุกข์
• เพื่อนบ้านก็ไม่เป็นทุกข์
• คนทั้งโลกก็ไม่พลอยเป็นทุกข์
  เพราะมีเราเป็นมูลเหตุ

ถ้าทุกคนเป็นอย่างนี้
โลกนี้ก็มีสันติภาพถาวร
เป็นความสุขที่แท้จริงและถาวร

นี่คือ อานิสงส์ของการหายโรคโดยวิธีต่าง ๆ กัน
ไม่เป็นโรค “ตัวกู” ไม่เป็นโรค “ของกู”

---

พุทธทาสภิกขุ
ที่มา : คำบรรยายชุด “แก่นพุทธศาสน์”
ปีพุทธศักราช ๒๕๐๔
ครั้งที่ ๑
หัวข้อเรื่อง “ใจความทั้งหมดของพระพุทธศาสนา”
ณ ศิริราชพยาบาล มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
เมื่อวันที่ ๑๗ ธันวาคม ๒๕๐๔

@ 57c631a3:07529a8e

What is Growth Engineering? Before we start: if you’ve already filled out the What is your tech stack? survey: thank you! If you’ve not done so, your help will be greatly appreciated. It takes 5-15 minutes to complete. Those filling out will receive results before anyone else, and additional analysis from myself and Elin. Fill out this survey here.**

Fill out the survey

npub1sg6plzptd64u62a878hep2kev88swjh3tw00gjsfl8f237lmu63q0uf63m

Growth engineering was barely known a decade ago, but today, most scaleups and many publicly traded tech companies have dedicated growth teams staffed by growth engineers. However, some software engineers are still suspicious of this new area because of its reputation for hacky code with little to no code coverage.

For this reason and others, I thought it would be interesting to learn more from an expert who can tell us all about the practicalities of this controversial domain. So I turned to Alexey Komissarouk, who’s been in growth engineering since 2016, and was in charge of it at online education platform, MasterClass. These days, Alexey lives in Tokyo, Japan, where he advises on growth engineering and teaches the Growth Engineering course at Reforge.

In today’s deep dive, Alexey covers:

1. What is Growth Engineering? In the simplest terms: writing code to help a company make more money. But there are details to consider: like the company size where it makes sense to have a dedicated team do this.
2. What do Growth Engineers work on? Business-facing work, empowerment and platform work are the main areas.
3. Why Growth Engineers move faster than Product Engineers. Product Engineers ship to build: Growth Engineers ship to learn. Growth Engineers do take shortcuts that would make no sense when building for longevity – doing this on purpose.
4. Tech stack. Common programming languages, monitoring and oncall, feature flags and experimentation, product analytics, review apps, and more.
5. What makes a good Growth Engineer? Curiosity, “build to learn” mindset and a “Jack of all trades” approach.
6. Where do Growth Engineers fit in? Usually part of the engineering department, either operating as with an “owner” or a “hitchiker” model.
7. Becoming a Growth Engineer. A great area if you want to eventually become a founder or product manager – but even if not, it can accelerate your career growth. Working in Growth forces you to learn more about the business.

With that, it’s over to Alexey:

I’ll never forget the first time I made my employer a million dollars.

I was running a push notification A/B test for meal delivery startup Sprig, trying to boost repeat orders.

A push notification similar to what we tested to boost repeat orders

Initial results were unpromising; the push notification was not receiving many opens. Still, I wanted to be thorough: before concluding the idea was a failure, I wrote a SQL query to compare order volume for subsequent weeks between customers in test vs control.

The SQL used to figure out the push notification’s efficiency

As it turned out, our test group “beat” the control group by around 10%:

‘review_5_push’ was the new type of push notification. Roughly the same amount of users clicked it, but they placed 10% more in orders

I plugged the numbers into a significance calculator, which showed it was statistically significant – or “stat-sig” – and therefore highly unlikely to be a coincidence. This meant we had a winner on our hands! But how meaningful was it, really, and what would adding the push notification mean for revenue, if rolled out to 100% of users?

It turned out this experiment created an additional $1.5 million dollars, annually, with just one push notification. Wow!

I was hooked. Since that day, I've shipped hundreds of experimental “winners” which generated hundreds of millions of incremental revenue for my employers. But you never forget the first one. Moments like this is what growth engineering is all about.

1. What is Growth Engineering?

Essentially, growth engineering is the writing of code to make a company money. Of course, all code produced by a business on some level serves this purpose, but while Product Engineers focus on creating a Product worth paying for, Growth Engineers instead focus on making that good product have a good business. To this end, they focus on optimizing and refining key parts of the customer journey, such as:

• Getting more people to consider the product
• Converting them into paying customers
• Keeping them as customers for longer, and spending more

What kinds of companies employ Growth Engineers? Places you’ve heard of, like Meta, LinkedIn, DoorDash, Coinbase, and Dropbox, are some of the ones I’ve had students from. There’s also OpenAI, Uber, Tiktok, Tinder, Airbnb, Pinterest… the list of high-profile companies goes on. Most newer public consumer companies you’ve heard have a growth engineering org, too.

Typically, growth engineering orgs are started by companies at Series B stage and beyond, so long as they are selling to either consumers or businesses via SaaS. These are often places trying to grow extremely fast, and have enough software engineers that some can focus purely on growth. Before the Series B stage, a team is unlikely to be ready for growth for various reasons; likely that it hasn’t found product-market fit, or has no available headcount, or lacks the visitor traffic required to run A/B tests.

Cost is a consideration. A fully-loaded growth team consisting of a handful of engineers, a PM, and a designer costs approximately 1 million dollars annually. To justify this, a rule of thumb is to have at least $5 million dollars in recurring revenue – a milestone often achieved at around the Series B stage.

Despite the presence of growth engineering at many public consumer tech companies, the field itself is still quite new, as a discipline and as a proper title.

Brief history of growth engineering

When I joined Opendoor in 2016, there was a head of growth but no dedicated growth engineers, but there were by the time I left in 2020. At MasterClass soon after, there was a growth org and a dozen dedicated growth engineers. So when did growth engineering originate?

The story is that its origins lie at Facebook in 2007. The team was created by then-VP of platform and monetization Chamath Palihapitiya. Reforce founder and CEO Brian Balfour shares:

“Growth (the kind found on an org chart) began at Facebook under the direction of Chamath Palihapitiya. In 2007, he joined the early team in a nebulous role that fell somewhere between Product, Marketing, and Operations. According to his retelling of the story on Recode Decode, after struggling to accomplish anything meaningful in his first year on the job, he was on the verge of being fired.Sheryl Sandberg joined soon after him, and in a hail mary move he pitched her the game-changing idea that led to the creation of the first-ever growth team. This idea not only saved his job, but earned him the lion’s share of the credit for Facebook’s unprecedented growth.At the time, Sheryl and Mark asked him, “What do you call this thing where you help change the product, do some SEO and SEM, and algorithmically do this or that?”His response: “I don’t know, I just call that, like, Growth, you know, we’re going to try to grow. I’ll be the head of growing stuff."And just like that, Growth became a thing.”

Rather than focus on a particular product or feature, the growth team at Facebook focused on moving the needle, and figuring out which features to work on. These days, Meta employs hundreds if not thousands of growth engineers.

2. What do Growth Engineers work on?

Before we jump into concrete examples, let’s identify three primary focus areas that a growth engineer’s work usually involves.

• Business-facing work – improving the business directly
• Empowerment work – enabling other teams to improve the business
• Platform work – improving the velocity of the above activities

Let’s go through all three:

Business-facing work

This is the bread and butter of growth engineering, and follows a common pattern:

• Implement an idea. Try something big or small to try and move a key business metric, which differs by team but is typically related to conversion rate or retention.
• Quantify impact. Usually via A/B testing.
• Analyze impact. Await results, analyze impact, ship or roll back – then go back to the first step.

Experiments can lead to sweeping or barely noticeable changes. A famous “I can’t believe they needed to test this” was when Google figured out which shade of blue generates the most clicks. At MasterClass, we tested things across the spectrum:

• Small: should we show the price right on the homepage, was that a winner? Yes, but we framed it in monthly terms of $15/month, not $180/year.
• Medium: when browsing a course page, should we include related courses, or more details about the course itself? Was it a winner? After lengthy experimentation, it was hard to tell: both are valuable and we needed to strike the right balance.
• Large: when a potential customer is interested, do we take them straight to checkout, or encourage them to learn more? Counterintuitively, adding steps boosted conversion!

Empowerment

One of the best ways an engineer can move a target metric is by removing themselves as a bottleneck, so colleagues from marketing can iterate and optimize freely. To this end, growth engineers can either build internal tools or integrate self-serve MarTech (Marketing Technology) vendors.

With the right tool, there’s a lot that marketers can do without engineering’s involvement:

• Build and iterate on landing pages (Unbounce, Instapage, etc)
• Draft and send email, SMS and Push Notifications (Iterable, Braze, Customer.io, etc)
• Connect new advertising partners (Google Tag Manager, Segment, etc)

We go more into detail about benefits and applications in the MarTech section of Tech Stack, below.

Platform work

As a business scales, dedicated platform teams help improve stability and velocity for the teams they support. Within growth, this often includes initiatives like:

• Experiment Platform. Many parts of running an experiment can be standardized, from filtering the audience, to bucketing users properly, to observing statistical methodology. Historically, companies built reusable Experiment Platforms in-house, but more recently, vendors such as Eppo and Statsig have grown in popularity with fancy statistical methodologies like “Controlled Using Pre-Experiment Data” (CUPED) that give more signal with less data.
• Reusable components. Companies with standard front-end components for things like headlines, buttons, and images, dramatically reduce the time required to spin up a new page. No more "did you want 5 or 6 pixels here" with a designer; instead growth engineers rely on tools like Storybook to standardize and share reusable React components.
• Monitoring. Growth engineering benefits greatly from leveraging monitoring to compensate for reduced code coverage. High-quality business metric monitoring tools can detect bugs before they cause damage.

When I worked at MasterClass, having monitoring at the ad layer prevented at least one six-figure incident. One Friday, a marketer accidentally broadened the audience for a particular ad from US-only, to worldwide. In response, the Facebook Ad algorithm went on a spending spree, bringing in plenty of visitors from places like Brazil and India, whom we knew from past experience were unlikely to purchase the product. Fortunately, our monitoring noticed the low-performing campaign within minutes, and an alert was sent to the growth engineer on-call, who immediately reached out to the marketer and confirmed the change was unintentional, and then shut down the campaign.

Without this monitoring, a subtle targeting error like this could have gone unnoticed all weekend and would have eaten up $100,000+ of marketing budget. This episode shows that platform investment can benefit everyone; and since growth needs them most, it’s often the growth platform engineering team which implements them.

As the day-to-day work of a Growth Engineer shows, A/B tests are a critical tool to both measure success and learn. It’s a numbers game: the more A/B tests a team can run in a given quarter, the more of them will end up winners, making the team successful. It’s no wonder, then, that Growth Engineering will pull out all the stops to improve velocity.

3. Why Growth Engineers move faster than Product Engineers

On the surface, growth engineering teams look like product engineering ones; writing code, shipping pull requests, monitoring on-call, etc. So how do they move so much faster? The big reason lies in philosophy and focus, not technology. To quote Elena Verna, head of growth at Dropbox:

“Product Engineering teams ship to build; Growth Engineering teams ship to learn.”

Real-world case: price changes at Masterclass

A few years ago at MasterClass, the growth team wanted to see if changing our pricing model to multiple tiers would improve revenue.

Inspired in part by multiple pricing tiers for competitors such as Netflix (above), Disney Plus, and Hulu.

The “multiple pricing tier” proposal for MasterClass.

From a software engineering perspective, this was a highly complex project because:

• Backend engineering work: the backend did not yet support multiple pricing options, requiring a decent amount of engineering, and rigorous testing to make sure existing customers weren’t affected.
• Client app changes: on the device side, multiple platforms (iOS, iPad, Android, Roku, Apple TV, etc) would each need to be updated, including each relevant app store.

The software engineering team estimated that becoming a “multi-pricing-tier” company would take months across numerous engineering teams, and engineering leadership was unwilling to greenlight that significant investment.

We in growth engineering took this as a challenge. As usual, our goal was not just to add the new pricing model, but to learn how much money it might bring in. The approach we ended up proposing was a Fake Door test, which involves offering a not-yet-available option to customers to gauge interest level. This was risky, as taking a customer who’s ready to pay and telling them to join some kind of waiting list is a colossal waste, and risks making them feel like the target of a “bait and switch” trick.

We found a way. The key insight was that people are only offended about a “bait and switch”, if the “switch” is worse than the “bait.” Telling customers they would pay $100 and then switching to $150 would cause a riot, but starting at $150 and then saying “just kidding, it’s only $100” is a pleasant surprise.

The good kind of surprise.

So long as every test “pricing tier” is less appealing – higher prices, fewer features – than the current offering, we could “upgrade” customers after their initial selection. A customer choosing the cheapest tier gets extra features at no extra cost, while a customer choosing a more expensive tier is offered a discount.

We created three new tiers, at different prices. The new “premium” tier would describe the existing, original offering. Regardless of what potential customers selected, they got this “original offering,” during the experiment.

The best thing about this was that no backend changes were required. There were no real, new, back-end pricing plans; everybody ended up purchasing the same version of MasterClass for the same price, with the same features. The entirety of the engineering work was on building a new pricing page, and the “congratulations, you’ve been upgraded” popup. This took just a few days.

Within a couple of weeks, we had enough data to be confident the financial upside of moving to a multi-pricing-tier model would be significant. With this, we’re able to convince the rest of engineering’s leadership to invest in building the feature properly. In the end, launching multiple pricing tiers turned out to be one of the biggest revenue wins of the year.

Building a skyscraper vs building a tent

The MasterClass example demonstrates the spirit of growth engineering; focusing on building to learn, instead of building to last. Consider building skyscrapers versus tents.

Building a tent optimizes for speed of set-up and tear-down over longevity. You don’t think of a tent as one that is shoddy or low-quality compared to skyscrapers: it’s not even the same category of buildings! Growth engineers maximize use of lightweight materials. To stick with the tents vs skyscraper metaphor: we prioritize lightweight fabric materials over steel and concrete whenever possible. We only resort to traditional building materials when there’s no other choice, or when a direction is confirmed as correct. Quality is important – after all, a tent must keep out rain and mosquitoes. However, the speed-vs-durability tradeoff decision results in very different approaches and outcomes.

4. Tech stack

At first glance, growth and product engineers use the same tooling, and contribute to the same codebases. But growth engineering tends to be high-velocity, experiment-heavy, and with limited test coverage. This means that certain “nice to have” tools for product engineering are mission-critical for growth engineers.

Read more https://connect-test.layer3.press/articles/ea02c1a1-7cfa-42b4-8722-0165abcae8bb

@ 00ea1f73:71c6e344

Je suis en train de construire un outil de référencement collectif de marques et fabricants proposant des produits 100 % en matière naturelle (ce qui veut essentiellement dire "sans plastique").

Voici les étapes de ma progression ces dernières semaines en tant que non développeur pour créer cela tout en privilégiant des outils open source.

Etape 1 : faisons simple, du texte organisé

J'ai commencé par réunir mes idées dans Anytype. Leur approche "tout est un objet" laisse une flexibilité incroyable pour organiser ses données. On peut s'en servir comme simple outil de prise de note ou comme outil de gestion de projet. Le fonctionnement "local first" de l'application me donne la main sur mes données : elles sont stockées en local sur mon ordinateur et mon téléphone, qui se synchronisent entre eux.

Anytype permet depuis peu de publier sur Internet les "objets" de son choix (pages, notes, albums…) mais cela reste limité pour proposer à des visiteur une navigation fluide entre des objets liés (dans mon cas des marques et des matières par exemple). De plus, il n'est pas encore possible d'y automatiser la mise en forme de contenus à partir de données.

Ainsi, après avoir réuni les informations et préparé les contenus "à la main" pour trois marques seulement dans Anytype, j'ai eu besoin d'automatisation, et donc d'une vraie base de données. Je conserve quand même Anytype pour organiser mes idées et la suite du projet. Je l'utilise aussi pour la vie quotidienne (liste de course partagée, journal…).

Etape 2 : structurons une base de données

Baserow est une alternative à Airtable qui permet de gérer une base de données comme un tableur. Les formules utilisables dans les tableaux m'ont aidé à générer automatiquement les contenus de marque à partir des données que je réunissais. J'ai obtenu des données bien ordonnés dans de beaux tableaux sans avoir plus besoin de réécrire tout le contenu pour chaque marque.

J'ai passé un peu de temps à apprendre la syntaxe des formules de Baserow, j'ai mis à jour le contenu des trois premières marques, généré automatiquement celui d'une quatrième et… je me suis rendu compte que ça n'allait pas le faire.

Un point crucial de mon projet est la gestion et l'affichage des catégories de produits proposés par chaque marque, histoire que cela soit pratique de trouver les alternatives naturelles pour ce que l'on cherche sur le site. Or, dans Baserow il n'y avait pas moyen de générer mes contenus catégorisés de manière dynamique. J'étais contraint de modifier sans cesse des formules de plus en plus complexes, et donc avec un risque d'erreur de plus en plus grand. Cela reste un tableur, plus net pour gérer des données, mais moins fourni en termes de formules.

Avec une seule marque traitée en plus, mon "backend" v2 n'aura pas duré longtemps !

Etape 3 : courage, passons aux choses sérieuses

A ce moment là, j'ai sérieusement douté de ma capacité a créer ce site avec des outils open source et j'ai été tenté de retourner vers Bubble. À mon avis, Bubble est l'outil "no code" (ou de "programmation visuelle") le plus abouti. Je l'avais déjà utilisé efficacement avec We Do Good pour réaliser des prototypes de fonctionnalités, même utilisés provisoirement en production.

C'est génial, avec Bubble, des semaines de travail classique entre développeurs et designers pour arriver à une version utilisable se transforment en heures, voire en jours pour tester et valider des prototypes.

Mais… avec Bubble on n'a pas accès à ce qui se passe derrière l'interface de programmation. On devient en fait prisonnier de leur langage de programmation propriétaire. Si on a besoin de faire différemment, s'ils augmentent leurs prix de manière inadaptée, ou si un blocage se présente pour une autre raison, il faut tout refaire à zéro ou faire développer des nouvelles fonctionnalités (plugins) qui enrichissent Bubble.

J'ai alors décidé de passé au niveau supérieur en terme de technicité, avec des outils tout de même accessible aux non initiés motivés : une base de données dans Supabase connectée à une interface créée avec Plasmic. Avec Supabase j'ai accès aux paramétrages les plus fins sur les données et avec Plamic je construis visuellement ce dont j'ai besoin, comme avec Bubble.

Malgré l'interface visuelle très complètes de Plasmic, certaines fonctions dont j'ai besoin demandent des formules personnalisées utilisant un peu de code. L'avantage, c'est que là ou j'avais appris le language Bubble utilisable seulement avec Bubble, j'apprends maintenant les languages ouverts et universels du web sql et javascript, avec un peu d'aide de l'"IA" pour comprendre les fonctions et erreurs de syntaxe.

J'apprendre en faisant directement ce que j'ai envie, et c'est beaucoup plus efficace et motivant !

Plasmic me laisse aussi récupérer et réutiliser l'ensemble du code source ailleurs si j'en ai besoin un jour.

Je devais en passer par là

Chaque version de mon "backend" a été utile et même nécessaire à la suivante.

Avec mon expérience d'entrepreneur du web, je sentais depuis le départ que j'aurais besoin d'une solution robuste de base de données ainsi que de pouvoir intervenir sur le code facilement. Cependant, au démarrage, je n'avais pas envie de me plonger là-dedans. Finalement, bien m'en a pris ! La structuration de données que j'avais initialement imaginée est très différente de celle à laquelle j'arrive maintenant.

Je n'aurais pas eu une base de données claire et bien organisée dans Supabase si je n'avais pas fait précédemment une itération dans Baserow. Je n'aurais pas créé les tables et liaisons utiles dans Baserow si je n'avais pas créé les premiers contenus sous forme de texte avec liaisons dans Anytype.

De plus, je n'aurais pas trouvé l'énergie de me lancer sur ce nouveau projet si je n'avais pas commencé par une version très simple et non "scalable". C'est un vrai progrès personnel : j'ai toujours travaillé en essayant de concevoir le maximum de choses d'avances, pour me rassurer et limiter les risques, et parce que c'est ce qu'on apprend à l'école. Les problèmes, c'est que je dépensais pour cela une énergie folle et que bien sûr, la réalité ne correspond jamais vraiment aux prévisions.

En me lançant avec une première version pas du tout aboutie mais fonctionnelle, je me suis autorisé à faire plus d'erreur, à m'exposer et à me concentrer sur du concret.

Références

Pour moi, favoriser l'open source est essentiel car cela fait partie des outils fondamentaux pour défendre ma liberté et celle des autres.

Tous les outils que j'utilise ou ai utilisé pour ce projet sont open source, sauf Anytype qui est juste "open core" (c'est à dire qu'ils publient leur code mais n'autorisent pas tous les usages avec). Ils présentent aussi tous des plans gratuits bien pratiques pour se lancer sans contrainte financière.

• Anytype : https://anytype.io/
• Baserow : https://baserow.io/
• Supabase : https://supabase.com/
• Plasmic : https://www.plasmic.app/

J'ai aussi testé ou envisagé sans les retenir quelques autres solutions comme WordPress ou Silex. Provisoirement, en attendant d'avoir créé toutes les interfaces dont j'ai besoin avec Plasmic, j'utilise NocoDB, connecté à Supabase, pour disposer d'une interface visuelle équivalente à Baserow (avec des formules moins avancées mais la possibilité de me connecter plusieurs bases de données si besoin).

J'utilise beaucoup Alternative.to pour trouver les outils dont j'ai besoin, on y peut filtrer les applications selon de nombreux critère, je le recommande.

Ensuite, il faut tester et se lancer, voire tester en se lançant !

opensource #nocode #lowcode #vibecoding #ia #produitsnaturels #zeroplastique #nostrfr

@ 58537364:705b4b85

"Pleasant Feeling" Is Ultimately an Illusion

It’s like a wave That arises when water is stirred by the wind Soon, it disperses and fades away

If one wishes to live in serenity

One must fully understand the truths of impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha), and non-self (anattā). These truths serve as an antidote to emotional responses—forms, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches— Preventing us from falling into attachment or aversion.

There are only two kinds of turmoil in the world:

1. Falling in love with something
2. Falling into hatred of something

These are what lead to laughter and tears. If one can see that laughter makes you breathless, it’s exhausting just the same Crying also makes you breathless, equally tiring Better to remain calm—no need to laugh, no need to cry This is true serenity

Let us not become slaves to emotions, Laughing or crying at their whims. Let us live freely. Better to remain still and serene.

---

Use Impermanence, Suffering, and Non-Self as Life's Compass

• Forms, sounds, smells, tastes, and touches are illusions
• The notion of "me and mine" is also an illusion
• Because "me and mine" arise from emotional reactions
• Therefore, "me and mine" is an illusion, and so are all emotions

By understanding impermanence, suffering, and non-self, ...suffering does not arise.

---

Let us take a shortcut and look directly at “pleasant feeling”

Pleasant feeling refers to happiness, enjoyment, delight— That which feels good is called “pleasant feeling” (sukha-vedanā)

But pleasant feeling is an illusion Because it arises like a temporary wave— It’s not a real thing.

This is said because Among all things in all worlds, What gives them value is their ability to produce pleasant feeling.

Think carefully:

• Why do you study?
• Why do you work and perform your duties?
• Why do you accumulate wealth, prestige, fame, allies, followers?

It’s all for pleasant feeling. So everything ultimately revolves around pleasant feeling.

Therefore, if we understand this matter well And handle it properly, even this one thing alone— Then everything else falls into place.

So we must see pleasant feeling for what it really is: Just another kind of illusion

We must deal with it accordingly, Not by rejecting or hating it That would be the most foolish thing

But if we become infatuated with it, Or enslaved by it— That, too, is the most foolish thing

What matters is how we handle it properly That is the Dhamma (truth) That is being a disciple of the Buddha One who can overcome suffering, and not suffer from spiritual disease

---

Pleasant Feeling Is Truly an Illusion

It must be approached with the understanding that: “Pleasant feeling is, in truth, illusion.”

Like a single wave That arises when water is stirred by wind

Which means: When forms, sounds, smells, tastes, and so on come in And ignorance and delusion rise up to meet them They clash, and a wave is formed

That is, pleasant feeling arises But soon it disperses again

---

If we can see it this way, We won’t be slaves to pleasant feeling. We will be able to manage it, deal with it, and use it In ways that don’t lead to suffering

• We won’t suffer ourselves
• Our family won’t suffer
• Our neighbors won’t suffer
• The world won’t suffer either, Because we are no longer the cause of suffering

If everyone were like this, The world would know lasting peace A true and enduring happiness

This is the benefit of healing the illness in different ways No longer afflicted by the diseases of “me” or “mine”

---

Buddhadasa Bhikkhu Source: Lecture Series “The Heart of Buddhism” Year: B.E. 2504 (1961) First session Topic: “The Whole Essence of Buddhism” Location: Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Date: December 17, 1961

---

https://w3.do/-IQ1KFgp

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

In this edition, we invited Keypleb, the founder of Bitcoin Indonesia, to share how he built the Bitcoin community in Indonesia, overcoming challenges like member turnover and venue selection, while driving the adoption and growth of Bitcoin.

YakiHonne: Welcome, Keypleb. Before we begin, let me briefly introduce YakiHonne. YakiHonne is a decentralized media client built on Nostr—a protocol designed to empower freedom of speech through technology. It enables creators to own their voices and assets while offering innovative tools like smart widgets, verified notes, and support for long-form content. We focus on free speech and free media by user privacy and data to be protected. So before starting the interview, I'd like to hear about yourself and your community.

Keypleb：My name is Keypleb, though it’s a pseudonym—a name I use to respect privacy. I'm a co-founder of Bitcoin Indonesia, Bitcoin House Bali, and Code Orange, a new developer school we launched at a conference just a few days ago. We focus on driving adoption through meetups, hackathons, and technical workshops. I'll dive into more details later, but that's a brief overview. I'm based in Bali now, though I travel a lot and consider myself quite nomadic. Great to be here.

YakiHonne: What sparked your interest in Bitcoin and what motivated you to create a community on Bitcoin?

Keypleb：I first got interested in Bitcoin because it solved a specific problem. At the time, I didn’t know exactly what the solution was, but the problem was that I couldn’t afford a home. Back in 2019, I was living in London, and a two-bedroom apartment was £600,000, which was insanely expensive. First-time buyers like myself simply couldn’t afford it. Why was it so expensive? Why was buying a house so hard? During the COVID lockdown, I had more time on my hands and started listening to Michael Saylor on a Bitcoin podcast, where he talked about how the system is rigged, and that’s why people work hard but still can’t afford a house. That really resonated with me. So I started looking for a community, but unfortunately, there wasn’t one.. Keypleb：After moving to Bali, I attended a lot of crypto meetups, especially scammy altcoin ones, thinking, “There has to be a solution.” But none of them resonated with me. There was no sense of freedom, and no real discussion about inflation resistance. I remembered a podcast from Dea Reskita, an Indonesian host who’s pretty well-known online. I reached out to her and said, “ you’ve got to help me. I’m surrounded by all these shitcoiners, and I can’t take it anymore. I need a real community. Is anything happening?” She replied, “Yes, something is happening. We should restart these meetups next month.” And that’s how it all began. Keypleb：There’s also another story about how we started Bitcoin House and how Bitcoin in Asia came to be, but maybe I’ll save that for later. Anyway, the spark of interest came from Bitcoin solving a real problem, and my drive to keep going came from the lack of quality meetups. Now, we’ve hosted 31 meetups, launched Bitcoin House and Code Orange, and the movement is growing rapidly.

YakiHonne: That’s such an amazing story—going from being on the brink of homelessness to creating something so impactful, and keeping it running every day, bringing new people into the journey. It’s truly inspiring. I’m curious about how the community started. How did you manage to attract members and build a strong community? What challenges did you face along the way?

Keypleb：It all started with our first meetup at the end of 2022, which was two and a half years ago now. At that time, we sent out an email to a group from a previous database, and the first meetup had around 20 people, which was a good start. However, problems quickly arose as people started dropping off, and the community lacked retention. In Bali, people come and go, usually staying for no more than two months, leading to a lack of long-term participation. This became one of our challenges: how to attract more people and, more importantly, get the same people to keep coming back. While I've been coming back for two and a half years, not everyone is able to return as often, and that has been a real challenge. Keypleb：Actually, I should also mention how I met my co-founders—Marius, Diana, and Dimas. We met at the 2023 Indonesia Bitcoin Conference. As time went on, we kept hosting meetups and had a lot of fun each time, though the locations kept changing. One of the initial challenges was that we didn't realize the importance of having a fixed meetup location. We changed venues several times before we realized that having a consistent location is crucial. If anyone wants to run a meetup, it's best to always choose a fixed location. We learned this through trial and error, but now it's no longer an issue. Keypleb：Since the conference, my co-founders and I have been working together, consistently putting in the effort. This is why our community has grown so large—so far, we are hosting 31 monthly meetups, 6 of which are in Bali. This means there is a bitcoin meetup almost every day on a regular basis. We've also established Bitcoin House Bali, a physical space, and the movement is growing rapidly. Without this movement, the region would face many challenges, including inflation and heavy censorship. It all started from just one meetup. YakiHonne: It's amazing to see how you met your co-founders and how you’ve built something incredible that continues to grow today. What advice would you give to someone looking to start a successful Bitcoin community right now?

Keypleb：First, one very important piece of advice is to ensure that every meetup is held at the same location regularly. We realized this challenge through trial and error. To help others who are interested, we’ve published our meetup guide on GitHub, where everyone can check it out. For example, meetups should be held regularly, ideally once a month, or even once a week. In Chiang Mai, the Bitcoin meetup starts every Thursday at 7 PM, and everyone knows the time and location, making it easy to join without having to look up the next meetup. Keypleb：Additionally, our meetup structure is very simple. First, we do a round of introductions where everyone shares their name, where they’re from, and what Bitcoin means to them. This usually takes about 15 minutes. Then, we discuss three main questions: First, why do we need Bitcoin? The discussion typically focuses on two main issues Bitcoin addresses: inflation and censorship；Secondly, how to buy Bitcoin? We usually ask who wants to buy some Bitcoin, and then we do a small purchase together and conduct a P2P trade to demonstrate how easy it is to buy Bitcoin. Lastly, how to store Bitcoin? We introduce self-custody and show how to use hardware wallets (like Trezor), explaining the concept of the 12 words and private keys. Keypleb：The whole meetup usually wraps up in about an hour, after which people can continue socializing at Bitcoin House or wherever the meetup is taking place. In short, keeping the meetup simple and efficient, and ensuring a fixed location for each event, are key factors in building a successful community.

YakiHonne: What's the major approach? Is it more technical, or do you focus on non-technical aspects, or do you cover both?

Keypleb：Our approach includes both technical and non-technical content. Initially, our meetups were completely non-technical, just casual gatherings for people to socialize. Over time, however, we've evolved to incorporate more technical content. Keypleb：Out of the 31 monthly regular meetups we host, most of them have been non-technical, simply regular gatherings held at the same time and place according to our meetup guide. For example, we host the “Bitcoin for Beginners” meetup, which is designed for newcomers and takes place every second Friday of the month at 5 PM at the Bitcoin House Bali. This is entirely non-technical. Additionally, every Wednesday at Bitcoin House, we host the “My First Bitcoin” course. While the course touches on some technical aspects, such as seed phrases and backups, it’s still beginner-friendly and not too technical. The course runs for 10 weeks, and we plan to offer it in the local language at Bali University to help the local community better understand Bitcoin. Keypleb：On the other hand, we also offer highly technical content. We launched a new program called “Code Orange,” which is specifically designed for developers and programmers. We use the “Decoding Bitcoin” website, created by Jamal, which is a learning platform for developers. Many developer schools, like Code Orange, use this resource. Additionally, we host “Code Orange” meetups where we dive into the technical aspects of Bitcoin, such as how mining works and how to prevent single points of failure. Keypleb：We also organize technical workshops, such as “How to Defend Against a Five-Dollar Wrench Attack,” which is closely related to security. Recently, there have been some kidnapping incidents in Bali, and many people are concerned about their Bitcoin being stolen. To address this, we plan to hold a workshop on how to protect Bitcoin against such attacks. Additionally, we host hackathons and other high-tech events, and we just completed a very successful beginner-level hackathon. Keypleb：In summary, our community caters to everyone, from beginners to technical experts. For beginners, we offer easy-to-understand, non-technical content, while for experienced Bitcoiners, we provide in-depth technical material. YakiHonne: It's great to approach it in both ways, so everyone gets their own "piece of the cake."Now, I'd like to dive into the technical side. What advice would you give to technically inclined individuals or organizations looking to contribute to the Bitcoin ecosystem? How should they approach the technical aspects of Bitcoin if they want to get involved?

Keypleb：I have some additional advice. First, technical individuals can sign up for the “Decoding Bitcoin” course that starts on 18th March 2025 or join our “Code Orange” program and participate in the end-of-year hackathon. If they are technically proficient, this will be a great opportunity. “Decoding Bitcoin” is great for beginners, but it’s also useful for technical individuals. If someone is very skilled, they can start contributing code right away. If they find the course too easy, they can skip it and dive directly into more advanced projects. Additionally, Bitshala and Chaincode Labs offer advanced courses, which more technically advanced individuals can choose to pursue. Keypleb：Additionally, it's worth mentioning that the Bitcoin Dev Project has a great platform where technical individuals can find “Good First Issue” or open-source projects to start contributing code. You'll learn about the philosophy behind Bitcoin and why it's more meaningful than other “shitcoins.” Once you’ve taken enough “orange pills” (the philosophy and technology of Bitcoin), you can dive deeper into Bitcoin core development and potentially start coding in C++. If you're interested, you can join specific projects like Nostr, Fedimint or E-Cash.

YakiHonne: I’d like to move on to the next question: How do you see Bitcoin communities evolving as technology progresses, particularly in areas like scalability, privacy, and adaptability to other systems? Keypleb：I believe the Bitcoin community will continue to evolve, and it has already made incredible progress. Two and a half years ago, we started alone in Bali, with just ourselves. We began in the official phase and have had numerous conversations throughout the year. For example, we are now starting a Bitcoin club at a university in Bali; we just need to find a passionate, driven “Bitcoin maximalist,” and the Bitcoin club will begin. Like what our friends did in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, these clubs could eventually evolve into Bitcoin houses.

Keypleb：Regarding privacy and scalability, the community is making strides. We’re big fans of Fedi, which builds on top of the Fedimint protocol and uses e-cash to scale Bitcoin while improving privacy. Fedi low fees and high privacy potential give Bitcoin great opportunities in this area. Keypleb：As for Bitcoin's compatibility with fiat systems, although Bitcoin payments are illegal in some countries like Indonesia, smart developers across Southeast Asia are working on legal solutions. For example, there's a website called Pleb QR that works in Thailand, allowing you to pay in fiat via the Lightning Network. Koral is another app specifically for Indonesia. These kinds of testing products already exist and are physically possible, but we’re just waiting on regulations. My influential friends are actively lobbying the government for adoption. Keypleb：In summary, privacy, scalability, and compatibility with fiat systems are all works in progress, and they will continue to evolve positively. There will be more meetups, more wallet downloads, and more adoption—there’s no doubt about that.

YakiHonne: You mentioned the concept of cross-country issues, so I have one last question: How is the government’s stance on Bitcoin? Is the political climate supportive or against Bitcoin? How do you see the government's approach to Bitcoin in your community or environment?

Keypleb：This reminds me of a person, Jeff Booth, who once said, “We are them, the government is made up of us.” In Indonesia, many politicians actually support Bitcoin, and many of them mine Bitcoin themselves. When money is involved, the incentive is strong, and politicians naturally like to make more money. As a result, Indonesia has a large Bitcoin mining scene. However, overall, the Indonesian government is against Bitcoin, as seen in their ban on Bitcoin payments. The 2011 currency law states that any currency other than the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) cannot be used, and violators can face up to one year in prison or a fine. This means you cannot pay with US dollars, lira, euros, pesos or pounds. Keypleb：This shows that the government’s legal system is somewhat fragile. It’s understandable that the government is concerned about disruptive technologies like Bitcoin, especially with such a fragile fiat system. Indonesia has also seen many arrests. In 2016, Bank Indonesia issued a letter announcing a crackdown on cryptocurrency payments. Those involved in paying in Bitcoin had their funds seized, and the police cooperated in shutting down businesses accepting Bitcoin payments in the cities. While this isn't very friendly, it does highlight the fragility of the existing system. We also believe that a new executive order may be introduced in the future, similar to when President Roosevelt in 1933 ordered Americans to hand over all their gold with his Executive Order 6102. If it happened before, it could happen again. Keypleb：Therefore, we predict that Bitcoin custody could become a legal issue, which is one of the reasons we blur the faces of participants at every meetup. We need to protect the community from any potential risks. But overall, we remain optimistic. Despite the government ban, the ideology of Bitcoin is unstoppable, and its spread cannot be stopped. So, we are very optimistic about the future.

YakiHonne: I think almost every government around the world, even in Africa, faces similar issues with Bitcoin. Some governments might want Bitcoin but hesitate to openly accept it due to the fear of it undermining the traditional financial system, which, of course, could eventually happen. But hopefully, as the new generation comes into power, we'll see more Bitcoin-friendly governments. So, thank you so much for sharing your insights and advice. I really appreciate your time and the valuable input you've provided.

Keypleb：I'm really glad this conversation enlightened me. I enjoyed it a lot, and it made me reflect on how much work we're doing and how valuable it is. There are a lot of problems out there, with censorship being the biggest one, followed by inflation, which is also a major issue depending on the region. But Bitcoin is open, the community is growing, and people are fighting against censorship and internet shutdowns in places like Indonesia and beyond. The movement is definitely growing. So, I'm very happy to be here and have this chat. Thanks again.

Bitcoin Indonesia nostr: nostr:npub1y4qd2zhtn05gnsaaq5xfejzfk4a32638tx6gpp9g8k6e42g9d66qaxhcr3

Keypleb nostr: nostr:npub190trvg63e6tyqlwlj6lccqpftx76lckj25c006vwx3dzvdl88yxs2nyqdx

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Howdy stackers, this is the place to share your ~HealthAndFitness triumphs and challenges.

I was glad to hit my step goal today, since it's gloomy and rainy here. Once again, I ate too many cookies. Gotta stop being a cookie monster.

How'd you all do, today?

https://stacker.news/items/996659

@ c4f5e7a7:8856cac7

I've managed to amass three SN profiles.

Is there a way to combined these?

@k00b @ek

https://stacker.news/items/995836

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Capitalism is the most effective system for scaling innovation. The pursuit of profit is an incredibly powerful human incentive. Most major improvements to human society and quality of life have resulted from this base incentive. Market competition often results in the best outcomes for all.

That said, some projects can never be monetized. They are open in nature and a business model would centralize control. Open protocols like bitcoin and nostr are not owned by anyone and if they were it would destroy the key value propositions they provide. No single entity can or should control their use. Anyone can build on them without permission.

As a result, open protocols must depend on donation based grant funding from the people and organizations that rely on them. This model works but it is slow and uncertain, a grind where sustainability is never fully reached but rather constantly sought. As someone who has been incredibly active in the open source grant funding space, I do not think people truly appreciate how difficult it is to raise charitable money and deploy it efficiently.

Projects that can be monetized should be. Profitability is a super power. When a business can generate revenue, it taps into a self sustaining cycle. Profit fuels growth and development while providing projects independence and agency. This flywheel effect is why companies like Google, Amazon, and Apple have scaled to global dominance. The profit incentive aligns human effort with efficiency. Businesses must innovate, cut waste, and deliver value to survive.

Contrast this with non monetized projects. Without profit, they lean on external support, which can dry up or shift with donor priorities. A profit driven model, on the other hand, is inherently leaner and more adaptable. It is not charity but survival. When survival is tied to delivering what people want, scale follows naturally.

The real magic happens when profitable, sustainable businesses are built on top of open protocols and software. Consider the many startups building on open source software stacks, such as Start9, Mempool, and Primal, offering premium services on top of the open source software they build out and maintain. Think of companies like Block or Strike, which leverage bitcoin’s open protocol to offer their services on top. These businesses amplify the open software and protocols they build on, driving adoption and improvement at a pace donations alone could never match.

When you combine open software and protocols with profit driven business the result are lean, sustainable companies that grow faster and serve more people than either could alone. Bitcoin’s network, for instance, benefits from businesses that profit off its existence, while nostr will expand as developers monetize apps built on the protocol.

Capitalism scales best because competition results in efficiency. Donation funded protocols and software lay the groundwork, while market driven businesses build on top. The profit incentive acts as a filter, ensuring resources flow to what works, while open systems keep the playing field accessible, empowering users and builders. Together, they create a flywheel of innovation, growth, and global benefit.

@ e8646d56:72dab368

eee

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Let's dive into the most interesting forward-looking predictions from my recent conversations with industry experts.

Court Cases Against Bitcoin Developers Will Set Critical Precedent for the Industry's Future - Zack Shapiro

The outcome of the Samurai Wallet case will determine whether software developers can be held legally responsible for how users employ their non-custodial Bitcoin tools. Zack Shapiro laid out the stakes clearly: "The precedent that the Bank Secrecy Act can be applied to just software that allows you to move your own money on the Bitcoin blockchain is incredibly dangerous for developers, for node runners, for miners... Basically everyone in the Bitcoin space is at risk here."

According to Shapiro, the government's position in this case fundamentally misunderstands Bitcoin's architecture: "The government says that the defendants transmitted, Keone and Bill transmitted money that they knew belonged to criminals. That's not how a coin join works. The people who transmitted the money are the people that used Whirlpool and the people that used Ricochet. They signed their keys."

Should this prosecution succeed in establishing precedent, Shapiro predicts catastrophic consequences: "If that becomes the law of the land... then basically no actor in the Bitcoin economy is safe. The government's theory is that if you facilitate movement of money, you're a money transmitter, that would reach node runners, wallet developers, miners, lightning routing nodes... whatever tool stack you use, the people who built that are at risk."

With the case continuing despite FinCEN's own position that Samurai's software isn't money transmission, Shapiro believes the resolution will likely come through political rather than legal channels in the next 6-12 months.

Malpractice Around COVID mRNA Vaccines Will Be Exposed Within 2 Years - Dr. Jack Kruse

Dr. Jack Kruse predicts that major revelations about mRNA vaccine damage will force an eventual removal from the market, particularly from childhood vaccination schedules. During our conversation, Dr. Kruse shared alarming statistics: "25,000 kids a month are getting popped with this vaccine. Just so you know, since Trump has been elected, three million doses have been given to children."

According to Dr. Kruse, the scale of this problem dwarfs other health concerns: "The messenger job can drop you like Damar Hamlin, can end your career like JJ Watt, can end your career like all the footballers who've dropped dead on a soccer field." What makes this particularly concerning is the suppression of evidence about the damages, with Dr. Kruse noting that data from Japan showing changes in cancer distribution patterns was pulled, and VAERS data being dismissed despite showing alarming signals.

Dr. Kruse believes the coming years will see an unavoidable reckoning: "If by the end of this year, everybody in unison realized that MRA platform is bad news and it's gone. That to me is... I would tell you the biggest win is to get rid of the MRA platform even before any of the Bitcoin stuff." This suggests he expects significant momentum toward removing these vaccines from circulation by the end of 2025.

Global Economic Reordering Will Create Demand for Neutral Reserve Assets Like Bitcoin and Gold - Lyn Alden

The next two years will be critical in determining whether the United States maintains dollar dominance while navigating Triffin's dilemma. During our conversation, Lyn highlighted how the current administration is attempting to thread a needle between reshoring manufacturing while maintaining the dollar's reserve status - an almost impossible task on extremely fragile ground.

"When they talk about kind of a currency accord to weaken the dollar, they mentioned ideally they wanted to use multi-lateral approaches, but there are some unilateral approaches that they can do, which includes printing dollars to buy reserve assets," Lyn explained when discussing Treasury advisor Stephen Myron's position paper.

As the world potentially moves to a multipolar currency system, Lyn predicts significant demand increases for neutral reserve assets. "The two options on the table at this point are gold and Bitcoin," she noted, but pointed out that "our geopolitical adversaries have been stacking gold for a while and with a special intensity for the last three years." This creates a strategic opportunity for the US, as Bitcoin is "overwhelmingly held in the United States."

Lyn believes this transition is already underway, with the demand for neutral reserve assets like Bitcoin growing as countries seek alternatives to solely dollar-denominated reserves.

---

Blockspace conducts cutting-edge proprietary research for investors.

Iran's Shadow Mining Economy: 2 GW of Bitcoin Mined Underground While Legal Operations Struggle

Iran hosts a thriving underground Bitcoin mining industry that has emerged as a critical financial lifeline for citizens grappling with international sanctions and domestic economic controls. This shadow economy dwarfs the legal sector, with an estimated 2 gigawatts of illegal mining operations compared to just 5 megawatts of sanctioned activity.

According to ViraMiner CEO Masih Alavi, approximately 800,000 illegal miners have been discovered and fined by authorities. Yet operations continue in homes, office buildings, and even jewelry stores, where Iranians tap into unmetered electricity to mine Bitcoin, later converting it to stablecoins like USDT for savings and commerce.

While the government has approved permits for about 400 megawatts of legal mining capacity, punitive electricity tariffs and regulatory barriers have strangled legitimate operations. "I blamed the government for this situation," says Alavi. "They introduced flawed policies in the beginning, especially by setting the wrong electricity tariffs for the mining industry."

Despite using obsolete equipment like Antminer S9s and M3s, underground miners remain profitable when converting earnings to Iranian rials, creating an ecosystem that serves an estimated 18 million Iranian cryptocurrency holders.

Looking ahead, Alavi predicts further crackdowns as Iran enters peak electricity demand season, potentially reducing legal mining to zero while underground operations continue to evolve sophisticated detection evasion techniques.

Link to Full Article

Subscribe to them here (seriously, you should): https://newsletter.blockspacemedia.com/

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed $150M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

STACK SATS hat: https://tftcmerch.io/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) { .mobile-padding { padding: 10px 0 !important; } .social-container { width: 100% !important; max-width: 260px !important; } .social-icon { padding: 0 !important; } .social-icon img { height: 32px !important; width: 32px !important; } .icon-cell { padding: 0 4px !important; } } .mj-column-per-33-333333333333336 { width: 25% !important; max-width: 25%; } .moz-text-html .mj-column-per-33-333333333333336 { width: 25% !important; max-width: 25%; } /* Helps with rendering in various email clients */ body { margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100% !important; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100% !important; } img { -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; } /* Prevents Gmail from changing the text color in email threads */ .im { color: inherit !important; }

@ 3a7c74bb:bbdd5960

• The Foundation (12th Century)

The territory that would become Portugal was originally part of the Kingdom of León and Castile. But in 1128, the young nobleman Afonso Henriques confronted his own mother at the Battle of São Mamede, taking control of the County of Portugal (Condado Portucalense).

In 1139, after winning the Battle of Ourique, he declared himself King of Portugal. Independence was recognized in 1143 by the King of León and confirmed by the Pope in 1179.

• Expansion and the discoveries (14th–16th Centuries)

In the following centuries, Portugal consolidated its territory and set out to sea. The 15th century marked the beginning of the Portuguese Discoveries:

🚢 1419–1420 – Discovery of Madeira and the Azores 🚢 1488 – Bartolomeu Dias rounds the Cape of Good Hope 🚢 1498 – Vasco da Gama reaches India 🚢 1500 – Pedro Álvares Cabral discovers Brazil

During this period, Portugal created a vast maritime empire with colonies in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Oceania.

• Iberian Union and the restoration (1580–1640)

In 1580, after a dynastic crisis caused by the death of King Sebastian, Portugal came under Spanish rule in what is known as the Iberian Union. For 60 years, the Spanish kings ruled Portugal until, in 1640, a revolt led by John IV restored Portuguese independence.

• The decline of the Empire and the 1755 earthquake

The 18th century was marked by the Lisbon earthquake of 1755, one of the greatest disasters of its time, which destroyed much of the capital. The Marquis of Pombal led the country’s reconstruction and modernization.

The empire began to weaken, culminating in the independence of Brazil in 1822.

• Wars, republic, and dictatorship (19th–20th Centuries)

Portugal faced internal crises and took part in World War I. In 1910, the monarchy fell and the Portuguese Republic was proclaimed.

In the 20th century, the country lived under the Estado Novo dictatorship (1933–1974), led by António de Oliveira Salazar. In 1974, the Carnation Revolution brought democracy, and the following year, the last African colonies gained independence.

• Modern Portugal (21st Century)

In 1986, Portugal joined the European Union, marking a period of growth and modernization. Today, it is a democratic country with a rich culture and a history that continues to inspire the world.

• And what about the islands?

The Autonomous Regions of Madeira and the Azores play a fundamental role in Portuguese identity. Discovered in the 15th century, they have been part of Portugal ever since and have their own regional governments.

Madeira is known for its wine and stunning landscapes, while the Azores are famous for their volcanic nature and unique culture.

Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite writer from Madeira. Long live freedom!

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

content...

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

I want to see Nostr succeed. If you can think of a way I can help make that happen, I’m open to it. I’d like your suggestions.

My schedule’s shifting soon, and I could volunteer a few hours a week to a Nostr project. I won’t have more total time, but how I use it will change.

Why help? I care about freedom. Nostr’s one of the most powerful freedom tools I’ve seen in my lifetime. If I believe that, I should act on it.

I don’t care about money or sats. I’m not rich, I don’t have extra cash. That doesn’t drive me—freedom does. I’m volunteering, not asking for pay.

I’m not here for clout. I’ve had enough spotlight in my life; it doesn’t move me. If I wanted clout, I’d be on Twitter dropping basic takes. Clout’s easy. Freedom’s hard. I’d rather help anonymously. No speaking at events—small meetups are cool for the vibe, but big conferences? Not my thing. I’ll never hit a huge Bitcoin conference. It’s just not my scene.

That said, I could be convinced to step up if it’d really boost Nostr—as long as it’s legal and gets results.

In this space, I’d watch for social engineering. I watch out for it. I’m not here to make friends, just to help. No shade—you all seem great—but I’ve got a full life and awesome friends irl. I don’t need your crew or to be online cool. Connect anonymously if you want; I’d encourage it.

I’m sick of watching other social media alternatives grow while Nostr kinda stalls. I could trash-talk, but I’d rather do something useful.

Skills? I’m good at spotting social media problems and finding possible solutions. I won’t overhype myself—that’s weird—but if you’re responding, you probably see something in me. Perhaps you see something that I don’t see in myself.

If you need help now or later with Nostr projects, reach out. Nostr only—nothing else. Anonymous contact’s fine. Even just a suggestion on how I can pitch in, no project attached, works too. 💜

Creeps or harassment will get blocked or I’ll nuke my simplex code if it becomes a problem.

https://simplex.chat/contact#/?v=2-4&smp=smp%3A%2F%2FSkIkI6EPd2D63F4xFKfHk7I1UGZVNn6k1QWZ5rcyr6w%3D%40smp9.simplex.im%2FbI99B3KuYduH8jDr9ZwyhcSxm2UuR7j0%23%2F%3Fv%3D1-2%26dh%3DMCowBQYDK2VuAyEAS9C-zPzqW41PKySfPCEizcXb1QCus6AyDkTTjfyMIRM%253D%26srv%3Djssqzccmrcws6bhmn77vgmhfjmhwlyr3u7puw4erkyoosywgl67slqqd.onion

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Bitcoin has always been rooted in freedom and resistance to authority. I get that many of you are conflicted about the US Government stacking but by design we cannot stop anyone from using bitcoin. Many have asked me for my thoughts on the matter, so let’s rip it.

Concern

One of the most glaring issues with the strategic bitcoin reserve is its foundation, built on stolen bitcoin. For those of us who value private property this is an obvious betrayal of our core principles. Rather than proof of work, the bitcoin that seeds this reserve has been taken by force. The US Government should return the bitcoin stolen from Bitfinex and the Silk Road.

Usually stolen bitcoin for the reserve creates a perverse incentive. If governments see a bitcoin as a valuable asset, they will ramp up efforts to confiscate more bitcoin. The precedent is a major concern, and I stand strongly against it, but it should be also noted that governments were already seizing coin before the reserve so this is not really a change in policy.

Ideally all seized bitcoin should be burned, by law. This would align incentives properly and make it less likely for the government to actively increase coin seizures. Due to the truly scarce properties of bitcoin, all burned bitcoin helps existing holders through increased purchasing power regardless. This change would be unlikely but those of us in policy circles should push for it regardless. It would be best case scenario for American bitcoiners and would create a strong foundation for the next century of American leadership.

Optimism

The entire point of bitcoin is that we can spend or save it without permission. That said, it is a massive benefit to not have one of the strongest governments in human history actively trying to ruin our lives.

Since the beginning, bitcoiners have faced horrible regulatory trends. KYC, surveillance, and legal cases have made using bitcoin and building bitcoin businesses incredibly difficult. It is incredibly important to note that over the past year that trend has reversed for the first time in a decade. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a key driver of this shift. By holding bitcoin, the strongest government in the world has signaled that it is not just a fringe technology but rather truly valuable, legitimate, and worth stacking.

This alignment of incentives changes everything. The US Government stacking proves bitcoin’s worth. The resulting purchasing power appreciation helps all of us who are holding coin and as bitcoin succeeds our government receives direct benefit. A beautiful positive feedback loop.

Realism

We are trending in the right direction. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a sign that the state sees bitcoin as an asset worth embracing rather than destroying. That said, there is a lot of work left to be done. We cannot be lulled into complacency, the time to push forward is now, and we cannot take our foot off the gas. We have a seat at the table for the first time ever. Let's make it worth it.

We must protect the right to free usage of bitcoin and other digital technologies. Freedom in the digital age must be taken and defended, through both technical and political avenues. Multiple privacy focused developers are facing long jail sentences for building tools that protect our freedom. These cases are not just legal battles. They are attacks on the soul of bitcoin. We need to rally behind them, fight for their freedom, and ensure the ethos of bitcoin survives this new era of government interest. The strategic reserve is a step in the right direction, but it is up to us to hold the line and shape the future.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

There is something quietly rebellious about stacking sats. In a world obsessed with instant gratification, choosing to patiently accumulate Bitcoin, one sat at a time, feels like a middle finger to the hype machine. But to do it right, you have got to stay humble. Stack too hard with your head in the clouds, and you will trip over your own ego before the next halving even hits.

Small Wins

Stacking sats is not glamorous. Discipline. Stacking every day, week, or month, no matter the price, and letting time do the heavy lifting. Humility lives in that consistency. You are not trying to outsmart the market or prove you are the next "crypto" prophet. Just a regular person, betting on a system you believe in, one humble stack at a time. Folks get rekt chasing the highs. They ape into some shitcoin pump, shout about it online, then go silent when they inevitably get rekt. The ones who last? They stack. Just keep showing up. Consistency. Humility in action. Know the game is long, and you are not bigger than it.

Ego is Volatile

Bitcoin’s swings can mess with your head. One day you are up 20%, feeling like a genius and the next down 30%, questioning everything. Ego will have you panic selling at the bottom or over leveraging the top. Staying humble means patience, a true bitcoin zen. Do not try to "beat” Bitcoin. Ride it. Stack what you can afford, live your life, and let compounding work its magic.

Simplicity

There is a beauty in how stacking sats forces you to rethink value. A sat is worth less than a penny today, but every time you grab a few thousand, you plant a seed. It is not about flaunting wealth but rather building it, quietly, without fanfare. That mindset spills over. Cut out the noise: the overpriced coffee, fancy watches, the status games that drain your wallet. Humility is good for your soul and your stack. I have a buddy who has been stacking since 2015. Never talks about it unless you ask. Lives in a decent place, drives an old truck, and just keeps stacking. He is not chasing clout, he is chasing freedom. That is the vibe: less ego, more sats, all grounded in life.

The Big Picture

Stack those sats. Do it quietly, do it consistently, and do not let the green days puff you up or the red days break you down. Humility is the secret sauce, it keeps you grounded while the world spins wild. In a decade, when you look back and smile, it will not be because you shouted the loudest. It will be because you stayed the course, one sat at a time. \ \ Stay Humble and Stack Sats. 🫡

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

@ 88cc134b:5ae99079

How about this?

@ 58537364:705b4b85

ความสุขทางโลก ลัทธิสุขนิยมยกย่อง แต่ลัทธิทรมานตนประณาม หากไม่มองว่ากามสุขเป็นพรจากพระผู้เป็นเจ้า คนก็มักมองว่ากามสุขเป็นเครื่องลวงล่อของซาตาน ในเรื่องนี้พระพุทธศาสนาเลือกเดินสายกลาง โดยสอนว่าเราควรทำความเข้าใจกามสุขให้แจ่มแจ้ง ทั้งในแง่เสน่ห์เย้ายวน ข้อจำกัดและข้อบกพร่องทั้งหลาย

เพื่อให้เข้าใจกามสุขอย่างแจ่มแจ้ง เราอาจตั้งคำถามดังนี้: กามสุขสนองตอบความต้องการทางจิตใจแบบใดได้บ้าง และไม่อาจตอบสนองความต้องการแบบใดได้ เพราะเหตุใด

ความต้องการในส่วนที่กามสุขไม่อาจตอบสนองได้ เราควรปฏิบัติอย่างไร

เราหลงเพลิดเพลินและยึดติดในกามสุขมากเพียงใด และกามสุขมีอิทธิพลเหนือจิตใจเราเพียงใด

เราเคยทำหรือพูดสิ่งที่ไม่ถูกต้องเนื่องด้วยปรารถนาในกามสุขหรือไม่

เราเคยเบียดเบียนผู้อื่นเนื่องด้วยปรารถนาในกามสุขหรือไม่

บ่อยครั้งเพียงใดที่สุขทางโลกสร้างความผิดหวังให้เรา

ความคาดหวังมีผลกระทบอย่างไรต่อความสุขทางโลก การทำอะไรซ้ำๆ และความเคยชินส่งผลต่อความสุขทางโลกอย่างไร

เรารู้สึกอย่างไร ยามไม่ได้กามสุขที่เราปรารถนา

กามสุขมีความเกี่ยวข้องกับความซึมเศร้าหรือไม่ กับความวิตกกังวลด้วยหรือไม่

เรารู้สึกอย่างไร เมื่อนึกถึงอนาคตว่า จะต้องพลัดพรากจากสุขทางโลก เนื่องด้วยความเจ็บไข้ ความแก่ และความตาย

การพลัดพรากจากความสุขทางโลกรู้สึกอย่างไรบ้าง

เราตั้งคำถามได้มากมาย และยังตั้งคำถามได้มากไปกว่านี้
หลักสำคัญ คือ ยิ่งเห็นชัดแจ้งในกามสุข เราจะยิ่งเกิดปัญญาและเข้าถึงความสงบมากขึ้น

ธรรมะคำสอน โดย พระอาจารย์ชยสาโร แปลถอดความ โดย ปิยสีโลภิกขุ

@ 0970cf17:135aa040

{"pattern":{"kick":[true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false],"snare":[false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true,false,true],"hihat":[true,false,true,true,false,false,true,true,false,false,true,true,false,false,true,true],"openhat":[true,false,false,true,false,false,false,false,true,false,false,true,false,false,true,false],"crash":[false,false,true,false,false,false,true,false,false,false,false,true,false,false,true,false],"ride":[false,false,true,false,false,false,false,true,false,false,false,true,false,false,true,false],"tom1":[false,true,false,false,true,false,false,true,false,false,true,false,true,false,true,false],"tom2":[true,false,false,false,true,false,false,false,false,true,false,true,false,false,true,false]},"bpm":220,"swing":0,"timeSignature":"4/4","drumKit":"standard","timestamp":1748716320785}

@ 1817b617:715fb372

🚀 Instantly Send Spendable Flash BTC, ETH, & USDT — Fully Blockchain-Verifiable!

Welcome to the cutting edge of crypto innovation: the ultimate tool for sending spendable Flash Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and USDT transactions. Our advanced blockchain simulation technology employs 🔥 Race/Finney-style mechanisms, producing coins indistinguishable from authentic blockchain-confirmed tokens. Your transactions are instantly trackable and fully spendable for durations from 60 to 360 days!

🌐 Visit cryptoflashingtool.com for complete details.

🌟 Why Choose Our Crypto Flashing Service? Crypto Flashing is perfect for crypto enthusiasts, blockchain developers, ethical hackers, security professionals, and digital entrepreneurs looking for authenticity combined with unparalleled flexibility.

🎯 Our Crypto Flashing Features: ✅ Instant Blockchain Verification: Transactions appear completely authentic, complete with real blockchain confirmations, transaction IDs, and wallet addresses.

🔒 Maximum Security & Privacy: Fully compatible with VPNs, TOR, and proxy servers, ensuring absolute anonymity and protection.

🖥️ Easy-to-Use Software: Designed for Windows, our intuitive platform suits both beginners and experts, with detailed, step-by-step instructions provided.

📅 Customizable Flash Durations: Control your transaction lifespan precisely, from 60 to 360 days.

🔄 Universal Wallet Compatibility: Instantly flash BTC, ETH, and USDT tokens to SegWit, Legacy, or BCH32 wallets.

💱 Spendable on Top Exchanges: Flash coins seamlessly accepted on leading exchanges like Kraken and Huobi.

📊 Proven Track Record: ✅ Over 79 Billion flash transactions completed. ✅ 3000+ satisfied customers worldwide. ✅ 42 active blockchain nodes for fast, reliable transactions. 📌 Simple Step-by-Step Flashing Process: Step 1️⃣: Enter Transaction Details

Choose coin (BTC, ETH, USDT: TRC-20, ERC-20, BEP-20) Specify amount & flash duration Provide wallet address (validated automatically) Step 2️⃣: Complete Payment & Verification

Pay using the cryptocurrency you wish to flash Scan the QR code or paste the payment address Upload payment proof (transaction hash & screenshot) Step 3️⃣: Initiate Flash Transaction

Our technology simulates blockchain confirmations instantly Flash transaction appears authentic within seconds Step 4️⃣: Verify & Spend Immediately

Access your flashed crypto instantly Easily verify transactions via provided blockchain explorer links 🛡️ Why Our Technology is Trusted: 🔗 Race/Finney Attack Logic: Creates realistic blockchain headers. 🖥️ Private iNode Cluster: Guarantees fast synchronization and reliable transactions. ⏰ Live Timer System: Ensures fresh wallet addresses and transaction legitimacy. 🔍 Genuine Blockchain TX IDs: Authentic transaction IDs included with every flash ❓ Frequently Asked Questions: Is flashing secure? ✅ Yes, encrypted with full VPN/proxy support. Can I flash from multiple devices? ✅ Yes, up to 5 Windows PCs per license. Are chargebacks possible? ❌ No, flash transactions are irreversible. How long are flash coins spendable? ✅ From 60–360 days, based on your chosen plan. Verification after expiry? ❌ Transactions can’t be verified after the expiry. Support available? ✅ Yes, 24/7 support via Telegram & WhatsApp.

🔐 Transparent, Reliable & Highly Reviewed:

CryptoFlashingTool.com operates independently, providing unmatched transparency and reliability. Check out our glowing reviews on ScamAdvisor and leading crypto forums!

📲 Get in Touch Now: 📞 WhatsApp: +1 770 666 2531 ✈️ Telegram: @cryptoflashingtool

🎉 Ready to Start?

💰 Buy Flash Coins Now 🖥️ Get Your Flashing Software

Experience the smartest, safest, and most powerful crypto flashing solution on the market today!

CryptoFlashingTool.com — Flash Crypto Like a Pro.

 Instantly Send Spendable Flash BTC, ETH, & USDT — Fully Blockchain-Verifiable!

Welcome to the cutting edge of crypto innovation: the ultimate tool for sending spendable Flash Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and USDT transactions. Our advanced blockchain simulation technology employs 

 Race/Finney-style mechanisms, producing coins indistinguishable from authentic blockchain-confirmed tokens. Your transactions are instantly trackable and fully spendable for durations from 60 to 360 days!

 Visit cryptoflashingtool.com for complete details.

Why Choose Our Crypto Flashing Service?

Crypto Flashing is perfect for crypto enthusiasts, blockchain developers, ethical hackers, security professionals, and digital entrepreneurs looking for authenticity combined with unparalleled flexibility.

Our Crypto Flashing Features:

 Instant Blockchain Verification: Transactions appear completely authentic, complete with real blockchain confirmations, transaction IDs, and wallet addresses.

 Maximum Security & Privacy: Fully compatible with VPNs, TOR, and proxy servers, ensuring absolute anonymity and protection.

 Easy-to-Use Software: Designed for Windows, our intuitive platform suits both beginners and experts, with detailed, step-by-step instructions provided.

 Customizable Flash Durations: Control your transaction lifespan precisely, from 60 to 360 days.

 Universal Wallet Compatibility: Instantly flash BTC, ETH, and USDT tokens to SegWit, Legacy, or BCH32 wallets.

 Spendable on Top Exchanges: Flash coins seamlessly accepted on leading exchanges like Kraken and Huobi.

Proven Track Record:

• Over 79 Billion flash transactions completed.
• 3000+ satisfied customers worldwide.
• 42 active blockchain nodes for fast, reliable transactions.

Simple Step-by-Step Flashing Process:

Step : Enter Transaction Details

• Choose coin (BTC, ETH, USDT: TRC-20, ERC-20, BEP-20)
• Specify amount & flash duration
• Provide wallet address (validated automatically)

Step : Complete Payment & Verification

• Pay using the cryptocurrency you wish to flash
• Scan the QR code or paste the payment address
• Upload payment proof (transaction hash & screenshot)

Step : Initiate Flash Transaction

• Our technology simulates blockchain confirmations instantly
• Flash transaction appears authentic within seconds

Step : Verify & Spend Immediately

• Access your flashed crypto instantly
• Easily verify transactions via provided blockchain explorer links

Why Our Technology is Trusted:

• Race/Finney Attack Logic: Creates realistic blockchain headers.
• Private iNode Cluster: Guarantees fast synchronization and reliable transactions.
• Live Timer System: Ensures fresh wallet addresses and transaction legitimacy.
• Genuine Blockchain TX IDs: Authentic transaction IDs included with every flash

Frequently Asked Questions:

• Is flashing secure? 

 Yes, encrypted with full VPN/proxy support. - Can I flash from multiple devices? 

 Yes, up to 5 Windows PCs per license. - Are chargebacks possible? 

 No, flash transactions are irreversible. - How long are flash coins spendable? 

 From 60–360 days, based on your chosen plan. - Verification after expiry? 

 Transactions can’t be verified after the expiry.

Support available? 

 Yes, 24/7 support via Telegram & WhatsApp.

 Transparent, Reliable & Highly Reviewed:

CryptoFlashingTool.com operates independently, providing unmatched transparency and reliability. Check out our glowing reviews on ScamAdvisor and leading crypto forums!

Get in Touch Now:

 WhatsApp: +1 770 666 2531

 Telegram: @cryptoflashingtool

 Ready to Start?

 Buy Flash Coins Now

 Get Your Flashing Software

Experience the smartest, safest, and most powerful crypto flashing solution on the market today!

CryptoFlashingTool.com — Flash Crypto Like a Pro.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

This piece is the first in a series that will focus on things I think are a priority if your focus is similar to mine: building a strong family and safeguarding their future.

---

Choosing the ideal place to raise a family is one of the most significant decisions you will ever make. For simplicity sake I will break down my thought process into key factors: strong property rights, the ability to grow your own food, access to fresh water, the freedom to own and train with guns, and a dependable community.

A Jurisdiction with Strong Property Rights

Strong property rights are essential and allow you to build on a solid foundation that is less likely to break underneath you. Regions with a history of limited government and clear legal protections for landowners are ideal. Personally I think the US is the single best option globally, but within the US there is a wide difference between which state you choose. Choose carefully and thoughtfully, think long term. Obviously if you are not American this is not a realistic option for you, there are other solid options available especially if your family has mobility. I understand many do not have this capability to easily move, consider that your first priority, making movement and jurisdiction choice possible in the first place.

Abundant Access to Fresh Water

Water is life. I cannot overstate the importance of living somewhere with reliable, clean, and abundant freshwater. Some regions face water scarcity or heavy regulations on usage, so prioritizing a place where water is plentiful and your rights to it are protected is critical. Ideally you should have well access so you are not tied to municipal water supplies. In times of crisis or chaos well water cannot be easily shutoff or disrupted. If you live in an area that is drought prone, you are one drought away from societal chaos. Not enough people appreciate this simple fact.

Grow Your Own Food

A location with fertile soil, a favorable climate, and enough space for a small homestead or at the very least a garden is key. In stable times, a small homestead provides good food and important education for your family. In times of chaos your family being able to grow and raise healthy food provides a level of self sufficiency that many others will lack. Look for areas with minimal restrictions, good weather, and a culture that supports local farming.

Guns

The ability to defend your family is fundamental. A location where you can legally and easily own guns is a must. Look for places with a strong gun culture and a political history of protecting those rights. Owning one or two guns is not enough and without proper training they will be a liability rather than a benefit. Get comfortable and proficient. Never stop improving your skills. If the time comes that you must use a gun to defend your family, the skills must be instinct. Practice. Practice. Practice.

A Strong Community You Can Depend On

No one thrives alone. A ride or die community that rallies together in tough times is invaluable. Seek out a place where people know their neighbors, share similar values, and are quick to lend a hand. Lead by example and become a good neighbor, people will naturally respond in kind. Small towns are ideal, if possible, but living outside of a major city can be a solid balance in terms of work opportunities and family security.

---

Let me know if you found this helpful. My plan is to break down how I think about these five key subjects in future posts.

@ dfa02707:41ca50e3

Contribute to keep No Bullshit Bitcoin news going.

• Coinswap is a decentralized protocol for private, trustless cryptocurrency swaps. It allows participants to securely swap digital assets without intermediaries, using advanced cryptographic techniques and atomic swaps to ensure privacy and security.
• This release introduces major improvements to the protocol's efficiency, security, and usability, including custom in-memory UTXO indexes, more advanced coin-selection algorithms, fidelity bond management and more.
• The update also improves user experience with full Mac support, faster Tor connections, enhanced UI/UX, a unified API, and improved protocol documentation.

"The Project is under active beta development and open for contributions and beta testing. The Coinswap market place is live in testnet4. Bug fixes and feature requests are very much welcome."

• Manuals and demo docs are available here.

What's new

• Core protocol and performance improvements:
  • Custom in-memory UTXO indexes. Frequent Core RPC calls, which caused significant delays, have been eliminated by implementing custom in-memory UTXO indexes. These indexes are also saved to disk, leading to faster wallet synchronization.
  • Coin selection. Advanced coin-selection algorithms, like those in Bitcoin Core, have been incorporated, enhancing the efficiency of creating different types of transactions.
  • Fidelity management. Maker servers now automate tasks such as checking bond expiries, redemption, and recreation for Fidelity Bonds, reducing the user's management responsibilities.
  • Taker liveness. The WaitingFundingConfirmation message has been added to keep swap connections between Takers and Makers, assisting with variable block confirmation delays.

• User experience and compatibility:

  • Mac compatibility. The crate and apps now fully support Mac.
  • Tor operations are streamlined for faster, more resilient connections. Tor addresses are now consistently linked to the wallet seed, maintaining the same onion address through system reboots.
  • The UI/UX improvements enhance the display of balances, UTXOs, offer data, fidelity bonds, and system logs. These updates make the apps more enjoyable and provide clearer coin swap logs during the swap process.

• API design improvements. Transaction creation routines have been streamlined to use a single common API, which reduces technical debt and eliminates redundant code.

• Protocol spec documentation now details how Coinswap breaks the transaction graph and improves privacy through routed swaps and amount splitting, and includes diagrams for clarity.

Source: Coinswap Protocol specification.

Announcement
GitHub Repo
Protocol Spec

@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e

Since its emergence in 2009, Bitcoin has generated a wide range of success and failure stories. Some of these stories feature people who invested early and reaped the rewards of their foresight, while others highlight the ups and downs that define Bitcoin’s highly volatile market. Over the years, many of these cases have become iconic—serving as both inspiration and cautionary tales for newcomers.

Success stories

01 - Laszlo Hanyecz – The 10,000 Bitcoin Pizza

One of the most legendary stories in Bitcoin’s history involves Laszlo Hanyecz, a programmer from Florida. In 2010, he paid 10,000 bitcoins for two pizzas. At the time, the value was negligible, and the transaction went largely unnoticed. In retrospect, however, those 10,000 bitcoins would be worth hundreds of millions of dollars today.

Though Hanyecz didn’t become rich from this transaction, the story of the “10,000 bitcoin pizza” has become a symbol of Bitcoin’s extraordinary rise in value—and a reminder of how even small holdings in the early days could have been life-changing.

02 - Michael Saylor and MicroStrategy

Michael Saylor, CEO of MicroStrategy, made headlines in 2020 by transforming his company into the first major corporation to invest heavily in Bitcoin. Purchasing over 100,000 bitcoins as a treasury reserve, Saylor positioned Bitcoin as a strategic hedge against inflation and fiat currency devaluation.

Initially met with skepticism, Saylor’s decision turned out to be highly profitable as Bitcoin’s price soared. His bold move inspired other corporations and institutional investors to consider Bitcoin, and he remains one of the cryptocurrency’s most vocal advocates in the business world.

Failure Stories

01 - James Howells – The Lost 8,000 Bitcoins

James Howells, an IT professional from Wales, accidentally discarded a hard drive in 2013 containing the private keys to 8,000 mined bitcoins—worth only a few thousand pounds at the time. As Bitcoin's value skyrocketed, he attempted to recover the drive from a landfill, but was denied permission by local authorities.

This story has become a powerful lesson in crypto security and the consequences of lost private keys. Despite multiple campaigns to dig up the landfill, the bitcoins remain unrecovered.

02 - Mt. Gox Collapse – The Fall of a Giant

At its peak, Mt. Gox was the largest Bitcoin exchange in the world. In 2014, it collapsed after losing about 850,000 bitcoins—worth over $450 million at the time—due to hacking, internal security failures, and poor management.

The exchange’s failure devastated thousands of investors and highlighted the vulnerabilities in early crypto infrastructure. Though some funds were later recovered, the Mt. Gox disaster remains one of Bitcoin’s darkest moments and a turning point for the push toward greater security and transparency in the crypto industry.

• The impact of volatility and adoption

These stories reflect the unpredictable and high-risk nature of the Bitcoin market. The same volatility that has made millionaires has also led to substantial losses. While some view Bitcoin as a path to financial freedom and a hedge against inflation, others have suffered from poor planning, mismanagement, or unfortunate timing.

Bitcoin’s growing adoption, especially in emerging markets and among institutional players and shows its increasing legitimacy, as an alternative to traditional finance. However, exchange failures and lost fortunes underscore the need for robust infrastructure, personal responsibility, and long-term thinking.

In summary, success and failure are two sides of the same coin in the world of Bitcoin. From life-changing gains to heartbreaking losses, these stories illustrate the risks and rewards of participating in a young and volatile market. Whether as a cautionary tale or a source of inspiration, they emphasize the importance of education, security, and strategy for anyone engaging with this revolutionary form of money.

Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Reitar Logtech Announces $1.5 Billion Bitcoin Acquisition Plan

Reitar Logtech Holdings Ltd., a Hong Kong-based firm operating in real estate and logistics technology, has officially announced plans to purchase up to $1.5 billion worth of Bitcoin. The move was disclosed in a June 2 filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). 

NEW: Hong Kong-based Reitar Logtech announces they will buy $1.5 billion #Bitcoin for their reserves — SEC filing pic.twitter.com/viC0kUycNo

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

According to the filing, the strategic Bitcoin acquisition is intended to bolster Reitar’s treasury reserves while accelerating the company’s global expansion in logistics technology infrastructure. The announcement aligns Reitar Logtech with a growing number of international firms turning to Bitcoin as a reserve asset. 

By incorporating Bitcoin into its financial strategy, Reitar Logtech aims to grow its holdings beyond traditional fiat currencies and fixed-income products. By adopting a strategic BTC reserve, the company aims to benefit from Bitcoin’s liquidity, 24/7 markets, and hedge against long-term inflation and currency devaluation. 

The SEC filing describes the initiative as follows, “Reitar Logtech Holdings Ltd. Announces Up to US$1.5 Billion Strategic Bitcoin (BTC) Acquisition to Bolster Treasury Reserves and Accelerate Global Logistics Technology Expansion.” 

The filing was signed by Kin Chung Chan, Reitar Logtech’s Director, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer, who affirmed that the filing was submitted in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

While specific timing for the acquisition has not been disclosed, analysts believe such a large-scale buy could be done in phases to manage market impact and line up with internal capital strategy. It remains unclear if the purchase will be conducted via spot markets, custodians, or structured investment vehicles.

The adoption also brings to light a wider trend among corporations allocating Bitcoin to their balance sheets. Reitar joins companies such as Strategy, that have leveraged Bitcoin not only for financial positioning, but as a long-term asset.

This post Reitar Logtech Announces $1.5 Billion Bitcoin Acquisition Plan first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e

Since its creation, Bitcoin has been one of the most hotly debated assets in the financial world—both by passionate supporters and skeptics. Its extreme volatility and the impact it has had on the traditional financial system have made it a constant subject of speculation. Over time, Bitcoin’s adoption has grown, sparking ongoing discussions about its future—both in terms of price and integration into the global financial system. In this context, multiple scenarios have been proposed, ranging from optimistic to cautious, depending on factors like regulation, institutional adoption, and technological innovation.

Bitcoin’s price: forecasts and influencing factors

01 - Institutional Adoption: The growing use of Bitcoin by major companies and institutional investors has been seen as a bullish driver. Companies like Tesla, MicroStrategy, and Square have added Bitcoin to their balance sheets, boosting confidence in it as a store of value. As more businesses follow suit, demand for Bitcoin could increase, pushing the price upward.

02 - Government Regulation: How governments respond to Bitcoin is one of the biggest sources of uncertainty. Heavy-handed regulation could restrict access and dampen interest, while a more favorable approach could boost adoption and support price growth. Countries like El Salvador have shown positive trends by adopting Bitcoin as legal tender, though in many others, regulation remains a significant challenge.

03 - Limited Supply: With a maximum supply of 21 million coins, Bitcoin is immune to inflationary money printing. This scarcity makes it especially attractive as a store of value, particularly during times of global economic uncertainty, potentially supporting long-term price appreciation.

04 - Technology and Scalability: Innovations like the Lightning Network and Taproot, aimed at improving scalability and transaction efficiency, could help increase Bitcoin's utility—making it more accessible for daily use and positively impacting its market value.

Global adoption of Bitcoin: The path toward financial inclusion

Bitcoin adoption is rising globally, especially in regions where traditional financial systems are inefficient or inaccessible. Countries facing economic instability, such as those plagued by high inflation or currency crises, are increasingly viewing Bitcoin as a viable alternative. Financial inclusion is a key driver of this adoption, as Bitcoin offers financial services to people excluded from the traditional banking sector.

01 - Emerging Markets: In countries like Brazil, Argentina, Nigeria, and others, demand for Bitcoin has grown as people seek to protect their assets from the devaluation of local currencies. In these regions, Bitcoin functions as both a store of value and a medium of exchange free from central authority control.

02 - Adoption by Governments and Businesses: As more companies and even governments embrace Bitcoin, its integration into the global economy could accelerate. El Salvador, for example, has shown it’s possible to adopt Bitcoin as an official currency, while more businesses are accepting it as a payment method—further legitimizing its role in global commerce.

03 - Education and Accessibility: As more people understand how Bitcoin works and appreciate its advantages—such as security, privacy, and financial freedom—adoption is likely to grow. Easier-to-use exchanges and improved wallet interfaces are making it simpler for everyday users to access and use Bitcoin.

Future scenarios: Optimism or caution?

Bitcoin's future remains uncertain, but several possible outcomes are taking shape. The optimistic scenario foresees greater price appreciation and widespread global adoption, driven by technological innovation, increased institutional trust, and the search for a decentralized alternative to the traditional financial system. In this case, Bitcoin could become a widely accepted form of payment and a global store of value, with prices reaching new all-time highs.

On the other hand, the more cautious scenario suggests that obstacles like government regulation, competition from other digital currencies, and potential technical shortcomings could prevent Bitcoin from becoming central to the financial system. Furthermore, price volatility could deter those seeking stability and security.

In summary, predictions about Bitcoin’s price and global adoption are undeniably complex and influenced by a wide range of factors. Bitcoin’s future will depend on how society, governments, and businesses respond to this new form of money. While the potential for appreciation is significant, the risks and volatility involved cannot be ignored. As global adoption increases and technology continues to evolve, it will be essential to closely monitor the developments shaping Bitcoin’s role in the global financial landscape.

Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!

@ 32e18276:5c68e245

6 years ago I created some tools for working with peter todd's opentimestamps proof format. You can do some fun things like create plaintext and mini ots proofs. This short post is just a demo of what these tools do and how to use them.

What is OTS?

OpenTimestamps is a protocol for stamping information into bitcoin in a minimal way. It uses OP_RETURN outputs so that it has minimal impact on chain, and potentially millions of documents are stamped all at once with a merkle tree construction.

Examples

Here's the proof of the ots.c source file getting stamped into the ots calendar merkle tree. We're simply printing the ots proof file here with otsprint:

``` $ ./otsprint ots.c.ots

version 1 file_hash sha256 f76f0795ff37a24e566cd77d1996b64fab9c871a5928ab9389dfc3a128ec8296 append 2e9943d3833768bdb9a591f1d2735804 sha256 | --> append 2d82e7414811ecbf | sha256 | append a69d4f93e3e0f6c9b8321ce2cdd90decd34d260ea3f8b55e83d157ad398b7843 | sha256 | append ac0b5896401478eb6d88a408ec08b33fd303b574fb09b503f1ac1255b432d304 | sha256 | append 8aa9fd0245664c23d31d344243b4e8b0 | sha256 | prepend 414db5a1cd3a3e6668bf2dca9007e7c0fc5aa6dc71a2eab3afb51425c3acc472 | sha256 | append 5355b15d88d4dece45cddb7913f2c83d41e641e8c1d939dac4323671a4f8e197 | sha256 | append a2babd907ca513ab561ce3860e64a26b7df5de117f1f230bc8f1a248836f0c25 | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append 2a4cdf9e9e04f2fd | attestation calendar https://alice.btc.calendar.opentimestamps.org | --> append 7c8764fcaba5ed5d | sha256 | prepend f7e1ada392247d3f3116a97d73fcf4c0994b5c22fff824736db46cd577b97151 | sha256 | append 3c43ac41e0281f1dbcd7e713eb1ffaec48c5e05af404bca2166cdc51966a921c | sha256 | append 07b18bd7f4a5dc72326416aa3c8628ca80c8d95d7b1a82202b90bc824974da13 | sha256 | append b4d641ab029e7d900e92261c2342c9c9 | sha256 | append 4968b89b02b534f33dc26882862d25cca8f0fa76be5b9d3a3b5e2d77690e022b | sha256 | append 48c54e30b3a9ec0e6339b88ed9d04b9b1065838596a4ec778cbfc0dfc0f8c781 | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append 8b2b4beda36c18dc | attestation calendar https://bob.btc.calendar.opentimestamps.org | --> append baa878b42ef3e0d45b324cc3a39a247a | sha256 | prepend 4fb1bc663cd641ad18e5c73fb618de1ae3d28fb5c3c224b7f9888fd52feb09ec | sha256 | append 731329278830c9725497d70e9f5a02e4b2d9c73ff73560beb3a896a2f180fdbf | sha256 | append 689024a9d57ad5daad669f001316dd0fc690ac4520410f97a349b05a3f5d69cb | sha256 | append 69d42dcb650bb2a690f850c3f6e14e46c2b0831361bac9ec454818264b9102fd | sha256 | prepend 683f072f | append bab471ba32acd9c3 | attestation calendar https://btc.calendar.catallaxy.com append c3ccce274e2f9edfa354ec105cb1a749 sha256 append 6297b54e3ce4ba71ecb06bd5632fd8cbd50fe6427b6bfc53a0e462348cc48bab sha256 append c28f03545a2948bd0d8102c887241aff5d4f6cf1e0b16dfd8787bf45ca2ab93d sha256 prepend 683f072f append 7f3259e285891c8e attestation calendar https://finney.calendar.eternitywall.com ```

The tool can create a minimal version of the proofs:

``` $ ./otsmini ots.c.ots | ./otsmini -d | ./otsprint

version 1 file_hash sha256 f76f0795ff37a24e566cd77d1996b64fab9c871a5928ab9389dfc3a128ec8296 append 2e9943d3833768bdb9a591f1d2735804 sha256 append c3ccce274e2f9edfa354ec105cb1a749 sha256 append 6297b54e3ce4ba71ecb06bd5632fd8cbd50fe6427b6bfc53a0e462348cc48bab sha256 append c28f03545a2948bd0d8102c887241aff5d4f6cf1e0b16dfd8787bf45ca2ab93d sha256 prepend 683f072f append 7f3259e285891c8e attestation calendar https://finney.calendar.eternitywall.com ```

which can be shared on social media as a string:

5s1L3tTWoTfUDhB1MPLXE1rnajwUdUnt8pfjZfY1UWVWpWu5YhW3PGCWWoXwWBRJ16B8182kQgxnKyiJtGQgRoFNbDfBss19seDnco5sF9WrBt8jQW7BVVmTB5mmAPa8ryb5929w4xEm1aE7S3SGMFr9rUgkNNzhMg4VK6vZmNqDGYvvZxBtwDMs2PRJk7y6wL6aJmq6yoaWPvuxaik4qMp76ApXEufP6RnWdapqGGsKy7TNE6ZzWWz2VXbaEXGwgjrxqF8bMstZMdGo2VzpVuE

you can even do things like gpg-style plaintext proofs:

``` $ ./otsclear -e CONTRIBUTING.ots -----BEGIN OPENTIMESTAMPS MESSAGE-----

Email patches to William Casarin jb55@jb55.com

-----BEGIN OPENTIMESTAMPS PROOF-----

AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC/ieLohOiSlAEILXj4GSagG6fRNnR+CHj9e/+Mdkp0w1us gV/5dmlX2NrwEDlcBMmQ723mI9sY9ALUlXoI//AQRXlCd716J60FudR+C78fkAjwIDnONJrj1udi NDxQQ8UJiS4ZWfprUxbvaIoBs4G+4u6kCPEEaD8Ft/AIeS/skaOtQRoAg9/jDS75DI4pKGh0dHBz Oi8vZmlubmV5LmNhbGVuZGFyLmV0ZXJuaXR5d2FsbC5jb23/8AhMLZVzYZMYqwjwEPKWanBNPZVm kqsAYV3LBbkI8CCfIVveDh/S8ykOH1NC6BKTerHoPojvj1OmjB2LYvdUbgjxBGg/BbbwCGoo3fi1 A7rjAIPf4w0u+QyOLi1odHRwczovL2FsaWNlLmJ0Yy5jYWxlbmRhci5vcGVudGltZXN0YW1wcy5v cmf/8Aik+VP+n3FhCwjwELfTdHAfYQNa49I3CYycFbkI8QRoPwW28AgCLn93967lIQCD3+MNLvkM jiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ/AQ3bEwg7mjQyKR PykGgiJewAjwID5Q68dY4m+XogwTJx72ecQEe5lheCO1RnlcJSTFokyRCPEEaD8Ft/AIw1WWPe++ 8N4Ag9/jDS75DI4jImh0dHBzOi8vYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLmNhdGFsbGF4eS5jb20= -----END OPENTIMESTAMPS PROOF-----

$ ./otsclear -v <<<proof_string... # verify the proof string ```

I've never really shared these tools before, I just remembered about it today. Enjoy!

Try it out: https://github.com/jb55/ots-tools

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Here’s a revised timeline of macro-level events from The Mandibles: A Family, 2029–2047 by Lionel Shriver, reimagined in a world where Bitcoin is adopted as a widely accepted form of money, altering the original narrative’s assumptions about currency collapse and economic control. In Shriver’s original story, the failure of Bitcoin is assumed amid the dominance of the bancor and the dollar’s collapse. Here, Bitcoin’s success reshapes the economic and societal trajectory, decentralizing power and challenging state-driven outcomes.

Part One: 2029–2032

• 2029 (Early Year)\ The United States faces economic strain as the dollar weakens against global shifts. However, Bitcoin, having gained traction emerges as a viable alternative. Unlike the original timeline, the bancor—a supranational currency backed by a coalition of nations—struggles to gain footing as Bitcoin’s decentralized adoption grows among individuals and businesses worldwide, undermining both the dollar and the bancor.

• 2029 (Mid-Year: The Great Renunciation)\ Treasury bonds lose value, and the government bans Bitcoin, labeling it a threat to sovereignty (mirroring the original bancor ban). However, a Bitcoin ban proves unenforceable—its decentralized nature thwarts confiscation efforts, unlike gold in the original story. Hyperinflation hits the dollar as the U.S. prints money, but Bitcoin’s fixed supply shields adopters from currency devaluation, creating a dual-economy split: dollar users suffer, while Bitcoin users thrive.

• 2029 (Late Year)\ Dollar-based inflation soars, emptying stores of goods priced in fiat currency. Meanwhile, Bitcoin transactions flourish in underground and online markets, stabilizing trade for those plugged into the bitcoin ecosystem. Traditional supply chains falter, but peer-to-peer Bitcoin networks enable local and international exchange, reducing scarcity for early adopters. The government’s gold confiscation fails to bolster the dollar, as Bitcoin’s rise renders gold less relevant.

• 2030–2031\ Crime spikes in dollar-dependent urban areas, but Bitcoin-friendly regions see less chaos, as digital wallets and smart contracts facilitate secure trade. The U.S. government doubles down on surveillance to crack down on bitcoin use. A cultural divide deepens: centralized authority weakens in Bitcoin-adopting communities, while dollar zones descend into lawlessness.

• 2032\ By this point, Bitcoin is de facto legal tender in parts of the U.S. and globally, especially in tech-savvy or libertarian-leaning regions. The federal government’s grip slips as tax collection in dollars plummets—Bitcoin’s traceability is low, and citizens evade fiat-based levies. Rural and urban Bitcoin hubs emerge, while the dollar economy remains fractured.

Time Jump: 2032–2047

• Over 15 years, Bitcoin solidifies as a global reserve currency, eroding centralized control. The U.S. government adapts, grudgingly integrating bitcoin into policy, though regional autonomy grows as Bitcoin empowers local economies.

Part Two: 2047

• 2047 (Early Year)\ The U.S. is a hybrid state: Bitcoin is legal tender alongside a diminished dollar. Taxes are lower, collected in BTC, reducing federal overreach. Bitcoin’s adoption has decentralized power nationwide. The bancor has faded, unable to compete with Bitcoin’s grassroots momentum.

• 2047 (Mid-Year)\ Travel and trade flow freely in Bitcoin zones, with no restrictive checkpoints. The dollar economy lingers in poorer areas, marked by decay, but Bitcoin’s dominance lifts overall prosperity, as its deflationary nature incentivizes saving and investment over consumption. Global supply chains rebound, powered by bitcoin enabled efficiency.

• 2047 (Late Year)\ The U.S. is a patchwork of semi-autonomous zones, united by Bitcoin’s universal acceptance rather than federal control. Resource scarcity persists due to past disruptions, but economic stability is higher than in Shriver’s original dystopia—Bitcoin’s success prevents the authoritarian slide, fostering a freer, if imperfect, society.

Key Differences

• Currency Dynamics: Bitcoin’s triumph prevents the bancor’s dominance and mitigates hyperinflation’s worst effects, offering a lifeline outside state control.
• Government Power: Centralized authority weakens as Bitcoin evades bans and taxation, shifting power to individuals and communities.
• Societal Outcome: Instead of a surveillance state, 2047 sees a decentralized, bitcoin driven world—less oppressive, though still stratified between Bitcoin haves and have-nots.

This reimagining assumes Bitcoin overcomes Shriver’s implied skepticism to become a robust, adopted currency by 2029, fundamentally altering the novel’s bleak trajectory.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

NBX Acquires Bitcoin, Becomes First Public Bitcoin Treasury Company in Norway

Norwegian Block Exchange (NBX), a leading Nordic cryptocurrency exchange and digital asset platform, announced that it has added Bitcoin to its balance sheet, marking a national milestone as the first publicly listed company in Norway to hold Bitcoin as part of its treasury strategy.

JUST IN: Norwegian Block Exchange becomes the first publicly traded #Bitcoin treasury company in the country pic.twitter.com/kY9KK2VbFi

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The company has secured 6.0 Bitcoin and plans to increase its holdings to 10.0 within June. The assets, loaned from NBX’s largest shareholders, will be used as collateral to issue USDM, a MiCA-compliant stablecoin. NBX said it aims to generate yield through Bitcoin and the USDM ecosystems.

“NBX will not sell this Bitcoin or go short in any form,” the company said. “With reference to the latest POA notice with LDA capital, NBX will also use proceeds to buy additional Bitcoin.”

NBX is currently talking with HNIs, family offices, and others about raising more capital to buy additional Bitcoin. The company is also hosting a Bitcoin treasury event on June 11.

“Bitcoin is becoming an important part of the global financial infrastructure,” the company stated in the announcement. “The Bitcoin will increase operational efficiency, in addition to attracting capital that need exposure to Bitcoin yet only have a mandate to invest in Norwegian publicly listed companies.” 

The adoption of Bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset has dramatically increased over the course of the last year, expanding globally. To date, there are 214 companies and other entities with Bitcoin in their balance sheets. 

Méliuz, Brazilian fintech company, also recently announced on May 15th, that it purchased an additional R$160.8 million (approx. $30.5 million) worth of Bitcoin, adding 274.5 BTC at an average price of $103,600 each, after becoming the first Bitcoin treasury company in Brazil earlier this year. Combined with its initial R$24 million investment two months ago, Méliuz now holds 320 BTC, making it the 42nd largest corporate holder of Bitcoin globally.

JUST IN: Brazilian public company Méliuz becomes first Bitcoin Treasury Company in the country, buys $28.4 million #Bitcoin pic.twitter.com/6WnFqefy3L

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) May 15, 2025

Méliuz Founder and Chairman Israel Salmen noted that the move attracted a new wave of crypto-focused investors. In his words, translated from Portuguese, “a lot of new people started buying the stock because of this strategy. We caught the attention of the crypto crowd, which is a much larger audience than stock market investors. There are around 20 million people investing in crypto today and only about 5 million in the stock market.”

The investment, approved by Méliuz’s board, is part of a new treasury management policy focused on long-term returns. The company also formed a Bitcoin Strategic Committee to explore expanding the allocation and potentially making Bitcoin a primary treasury asset.

Salmen told local media the move into bitcoin provides an “intelligent alternative” to holding cash reserves. “We see bitcoin as a long-term store of value,” he said. The company, which offers cashback and financial services to over 30 million users in Brazil, is aiming to revive investor interest after its market cap dropped from $6 billion in 2021 to $270 million.

This post NBX Acquires Bitcoin, Becomes First Public Bitcoin Treasury Company in Norway first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

"Malcolm Forbes recounts that a lady, wearing a faded cotton dress, and her husband, dressed in an old handmade suit, stepped off a train in Boston, USA, and timidly made their way to the office of the president of Harvard University. They had come from Palo Alto, California, and had not scheduled an appointment. The secretary, at a glance, thought that those two, looking like country bumpkins, had no business at Harvard.
— We want to speak with the president — the man said in a low voice.
— He will be busy all day — the secretary replied curtly.
— We will wait.
The secretary ignored them for hours, hoping the couple would finally give up and leave. But they stayed there, and the secretary, somewhat frustrated, decided to bother the president, although she hated doing that.
— If you speak with them for just a few minutes, maybe they will decide to go away — she said.
The president sighed in irritation but agreed. Someone of his importance did not have time to meet people like that, but he hated faded dresses and tattered suits in his office. With a stern face, he went to the couple.
— We had a son who studied at Harvard for a year — the woman said. — He loved Harvard and was very happy here, but a year ago he died in an accident, and we would like to erect a monument in his honor somewhere on campus.

— My lady — said the president rudely —, we cannot erect a statue for every person who studied at Harvard and died; if we did, this place would look like a cemetery.

— Oh, no — the lady quickly replied. — We do not want to erect a statue. We would like to donate a building to Harvard.

The president looked at the woman's faded dress and her husband's old suit and exclaimed:

— A building! Do you have even the faintest idea of how much a building costs? We have more than seven and a half million dollars' worth of buildings here at Harvard.

The lady was silent for a moment, then said to her husband:

— If that’s all it costs to found a university, why don’t we have our own?

The husband agreed.

The couple, Leland Stanford, stood up and left, leaving the president confused. Traveling back to Palo Alto, California, they established there Stanford University, the second-largest in the world, in honor of their son, a former Harvard student."

Text extracted from: "Mileumlivros - Stories that Teach Values."

Thank you for reading, my friend! If this message helped you in any way, consider leaving your glass “🥃” as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e

With the growing digitalization of money, governments around the world have begun developing Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) in response to the rising popularity of Bitcoin. While Bitcoin represents a decentralized and censorship-resistant financial system, CBDCs are digital versions of fiat currencies, directly controlled by central banks. This emerging competition could shape the future of money and define the balance between financial freedom and state control.

Key differences between Bitcoin and CBDCs

Bitcoin and CBDCs differ in nearly every fundamental aspect:

01 - Centralization vs Decentralization: Bitcoin operates on a decentralized network where no government or entity can change the rules or censor transactions. CBDCs, on the other hand, are issued and managed by central banks, enabling greater control over the circulation and use of money.

02 - Fixed Supply vs Controlled Inflation: Bitcoin has a fixed supply of 21 million units, making it a scarce and deflationary asset. CBDCs can be issued without limits, much like traditional fiat currencies, and are subject to inflationary monetary policies.

03 - Privacy vs Surveillance: Bitcoin allows pseudonymous transactions, ensuring a certain degree of financial privacy. CBDCs may be designed to track every transaction, enabling full governmental oversight—and potentially, control over how citizens spend their money.

04 - Censorship Resistance vs State Control: Bitcoin enables anyone to transact without needing third-party approval. CBDCs, being centralized, could be used by governments to restrict undesirable transactions or even freeze funds at the press of a button.

What are governments aiming for with CBDCs?

The introduction of CBDCs is often promoted with benefits such as:

01 - Greater efficiency in financial transactions by removing intermediaries and reducing banking costs.

02 - Easier implementation of economic policies, such as direct stimulus payments or automated taxation.

03 - Enhanced ability to combat illegal activities through real-time transaction tracking.

However, these justifications raise serious concerns about the erosion of financial privacy and the expansion of government power over the monetary system.

Bitcoin as an alternative to CBDCs

The rise of CBDCs may, in fact, reinforce Bitcoin’s position as the true alternative to state-controlled money. As citizens become aware of the risks associated with a fully centralized financial system, demand for a decentralized, censorship-resistant asset like Bitcoin may increase.

01 - Protection from state control: Bitcoin empowers users with full sovereignty over their money, free from arbitrary freezes or confiscations.

02 - Preservation of financial privacy: Unlike CBDCs, which may monitor every transaction, Bitcoin offers a level of anonymity that shields individuals from excessive surveillance.

03 - Store of value against inflation: While governments can endlessly issue CBDCs, Bitcoin’s guaranteed scarcity positions it as a hedge against irresponsible monetary policy.

In summary, the competition between Bitcoin and CBDCs is set to become one of the defining financial battles of the future. As governments seek to reinforce their control through centralized digital currencies, Bitcoin remains the leading option for those who value financial independence and protection from state surveillance. The choice between a free, decentralized financial system and a monitored, government-controlled one may determine the course of the digital economy for decades to come.

Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!

@ 2dd9250b:6e928072

Durante a década de 1990, houve o aumento da globalização da economia, determinando a adição do fluxo internacional de capitais, de produtos e serviços. Este fenômeno levou a uma interdependência maior entre as economias dos países. Justamente por causa da possibilidade de que um eventual colapso econômico em um país resulte no contágio dos demais. Diante disso, aumentou a preocupação com os riscos incentivando a utilização de sofisticados modelos e estratégias de avaliação de gestão de risco.

Na década, ganharam destaque ainda os graves problemas financeiros enfrentados, entre outros, pelo banco inglês Barings Bank, e pelo fundo de investimento norte-americano Long Term Capital Management.

Outro grande destaque foi a fraude superior a US$ 7 bilhões sofrida pelo banco Société Generale em Janeiro de 2008.

O Barings Bank é um banco inglês que faliu em 1995 em razão de operações financeiras irregulares e mal-sucedidas realizadas pelo seu principal operador de mercado. O rombo da instituição foi superior à US$ 1,3 Bilhão e causado por uma aposta equivocada no desempenho futuro no índice de ações no Japão. Na realidade, o mercado acionário japonês caiu mais de 15% na época, determinando a falência do banco. O Baring Bank foi vendido a um grupo financeiro holandês (ING) pelo valor simbólico de uma libra esterlina.

O Long Term Capital Management era um fundo de investimento de que perdeu em 1998 mais de US$ 4,6 bilhões em operações nos mercados financeiros internacionais. O LTCM foi socorrido pelo Banco Central dos Estados Unidos (Federal Reserve ), que coordenou uma operação de socorro financeiro à instituição. A justificativa do Banco Central para esta decisão era "o receio das possíveis consequências mundiais da falência do fundo de investimento".

O banco francês Société Generale informou, em janeiro de 2008, uma perda de US$ 7,16 bilhões determinadas por fraudes efetuadas por um operador do mercado financeiro. Segundo revelou a instituição, o operador assumiu posições no mercado sem o conhecimento da direção do banco. A instituição teve que recorrer a uma urgente captação de recursos no mercado próxima a US$ 5,0 bilhões.

E finalmente chegamos ao caso mais problemático da era das finanças modernas anterior ao Bitcoin, o caso Lehman Brothers.

O Lehman Brothers era o 4° maior de investimentos dos EUA quando pediu concordata em 15/09/2008 com dívidas que superavam inacreditáveis US$ 600 bilhões.

Não se tinha contas correntes ou talão de cheques do Lehman Brothers. Era um banco especializado em investimentos e complexas operações financeiras. Havia feito pesados investimentos em empréstimos a juros fixos no famigerado mercado subprime, e o crédito imobiliário voltado a pessoas consideradas de forte risco de inadimplência.

Com essa carteira de investimentos que valia bem menos que o estimado e o acúmulo de projetos financeiros, minou a confiança dos investidores na instituição de 158 anos. Suas ações passaram de US$ 80 a menos de US$ 4. Acumulando fracassos nas negociações para levantar fundos; a instituição de cerca de 25 mil funcionários entrou em concordata.

O Federal Reserve resgatou algumas instituições financeiras grandes e tradicionais norte-americanas como a seguradora AIG no meio da crise. O Fed injetou um capital de US$ 182, 3 bilhões no American International Group (AIG).

Foi exatamente essa decisão do Fed em salvar alguns bancos e deixar quebrar outros, que causou insegurança por parte dos clientes. E os clientes ficaram insatisfeitos tanto com os bancos de investimentos quanto com as agências de classificação de risco, como a Standard & Poor's que tinha dado uma nota alta para o Lehman Brothers no mesmo dia em que ele quebrou.

E essa foi uma das razões pelo qual o Bitcoin foi criado. Satoshi Nakamoto entendeu que as pessoas não estavam mais confiando nem no Governo, nem nos Bancos Privados que o Governo federal restagatava quando eles quebravam e isso prejudicou muita gente. Tanto que o “hash” do Genesis Block contém o título do artigo “Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks” (Chanceler à beira de segundo resgate para bancos, em português) da edição britânica do The Times.

Esse texto foi parcialmente editado do texto de ASSAF Neto, CAF (2014).

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com

---

Bitcoinova potrošnja energije nije „rasipna“

– On je mnogo efikasniji od postojećih finansijskih sistema

– Niko nema moralni autoritet da vam kaže šta je dobra ili loša upotreba energije (npr: gledanje Parova, Zadruge ili Farme)

Hajde da raskrinkamo ovaj FUD (eng. Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt – Strah, Neizvesnost i Sumnju)

U ovom članku istražujem kako je sve oko nas energija, novac je energija, subjektivna upotreba energije i troškovi PoW-a (eng. Proof of work – Dokaz rada) u odnosu na postojeće sisteme upravljanja.

Ideja da je „rad“ energija, započela je kada je francuski matematičar Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis predstavio ideju da je energija „odrađen rad“. Nekada davno, celokupan posao koji je odrađivan u ekonomiji realizovan je kroz ljuduski rad. Taj rad pokretala je hrana. Pre više hiljada godina, naša potrošnja energije se povećala kada smo pripitomili životinje koje bi mogle da rade umesto nas. Ti novi radnici takođe su morali da budu nahranjeni. Velike količine hrane bile su potrebne da bi se zadovoljile potrebe za energijom, a zajedno sa nama, povećavao se i naš prosperitet.

U poslednjih nekoliko stotina godina napravili smo sjajne mašine koje imaju svrhu izvršavanja tj. proizvodnje odredjenog rada. I mašine i priroda proizvode rad korišćenjem energije (prvi zakon termodinamike). Imamo ekonomiju koja se ne zasniva na novcu, već na radu i energiji.

Sve stvari u našem životu su usko povezane sa cenom energije. Troškovi bilo kog dobra su u velikoj meri odraz energije koja se koristi u proizvodnji tog dobra. Novac, koji predstavlja rad potreban za generisanje dobara i usluga, takođe se može posmatrati kao uskladištena energija.

Početkom 20. veka, ljudi su bili zainteresovani za zamenu zlata ili dolara sa „energetskim dolarom“ ili „jedinicama energije“. Koncept je bio popularan zbog svojih dobrih novčanih karakteristika. Mane? Nije se moglo lako preneti ili skladištiti.

„Da bi muškaraca/ženu naterao da poželi neku stvar, potrebno je samo učiniti stvar teškom za dobijanje.“ – Mark Twain Bitcoin-ov PoW je prvobitno izmišljen kao mera protiv spam email-ova. Tek nešto kasnije, Satoshi ga je prilagodio da se koristi u digitalnoj gotovini.

Ono što PoW rudarenje radi „ispod haube“ je upotreba namenskih mašina (ASIC-a) za pretvaranje električne energije u Bitcoin-e (putem blok nagrade). Bitcoin ima kapitalistički mehanizam glasanja, „rizikovan novac, dobijeni glasovi“ pomoću energije/ASIC-a koji se koriste za generisanje heš-ova (glasova).

Kada je Satoshi dizajnirao PoW, iz temelja je promenio način na koji se formira konsenzus između ljudi od političkih do apolitičnih glasova (heš-ova) pretvaranjem energije. To je najjednostavniji i najpravedniji način da fizički svet potvrdi nešto u digitalnom svetu.

Bitcoin je odlična roba, iskovana iz energije, osnovna roba univerzuma. PoW transformiše električnu energiju u digitalno zlato. Činjenica da je PoW „skup“ je odlika, a ne greška.

Istorijski gledano, obezbeđivanje nečega podrazumevalo je izgradnju fizičkog zida oko svega što je vredno. Knjiga Bitcoin-a je obezbeđena ukupnom sumom energije potrošene za izgradnju digitalnog zida. Bila bi potrebna ekvivalentna količina energije da bi se on srušio (nezaboravna skupoća) @NickSzabo4

„Potrošnja električne energije po transakciji“ je loš KPI, a evo i zašto:

– Potrošena energija je po bloku, a ne po transakciji

– Ekonomska gustina Bitcoin transakcije se povećava (Segwit, taproot, Lightning)

– Trebalo bi da bude definisano sigurnošću ekonomske istorije @LaurentMT . Stopa poboljšanja efikasnosti ASIC-a se usporava. Kako se efikasnost usporava, možemo očekivati porast konkurencije proizvođača kako se marže sužavaju. Sveukupni troškovi rudarenja preći će sa početnih troškova ASIC hardvera na tekuće troškove energije za ostvarivanje rada.

Cena rudarenja Bitcoin-a postaje najniža (višak) vrednost električne energije. Ovo može rešiti problem sa obnovljivim izvorima energije koji imaju predvidivi kapacitet i koji se ne iskorišćava u potpunosti, poput hidroelektrana i gorivog metana.

Aluminijum je bio popularno sredstvo za „izvoz“ električne energije iz zemlje koja obiluje neiskorišćenim obnovljivim izvorima energije (npr. Island). Kako je proizvodnja aluminijuma tokom decenija sazrevala, kWh po kilogramu proizvedenog aluminijuma postajao je efikasniji.

https://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/resources/aluminum/pdfs/al_theoretical.pdf

PoW je u krajnjem slučaju kupac celokupne električne energije, stvarajući temelj koji podstiče izgradnju novih postrojenja za proizvodnju energije oko različitih izvora energije koji bi inače ostali neiskorišćeni.

„Zamislite topografsku 3D mapu sveta sa žarištima jeftine energije koji su niži, a sa skupom energijom višlji. Zamišljam da je iskopavanje Bitcoin-a slično čaši vode koja se prelila, taložila se po uglovima i ćoškovima i glačala ih. “ – @nic__carter

„Energija koja se koristi za PoW prestaće da raste kada se granični povrat od sagorevanja kWh energije kroz PoW bude jednak graničnom povratu od prodaje tog kWh u mrežu … „ Nakamoto-va tačka“ koja će koristiti između 1-10% svetske energije.“ – @dhruvbansal

Neki se žale da rudarenje Bitcoin-a ne postiže „ništa korisno“, poput pronalaženja prostih brojeva. Bitcoin već radi nešto korisno za društvo. Nije racionalno tražiti od rudara da obavljaju funkciju koja je nesebična bez podsticaja.

Sve zahteva energiju. Tvrdnja da je jedna upotreba energije više ili manje rasipna od druge, potpuno je subjektivna, jer su sve upotrebe plaćene tržišnom stopom za korišćenje te električne energije.

Bitcoin-ova upotreba električnog kapaciteta troši manje količine električne energije od postojećih tradicionalnih sistema koji ne zahtevaju samo napajanje bankarske infrastrukture, već i vojnu i političku mašinu. Kompromis energije je „neto pozitivan“ ishod.

Preko Bitcoin-a, da li je nepoverljivo poravnanje od 1,34T USD između ugovornih strana godišnje, uz dodatni benefit jeftinije energije za sve, vredno 4,5B USD u trenutnim troškovima rudarenja? Mislim da je odgovor odlučno da.

1/ Bitcoin’s energy consumption is not “wasteful.”

- It is much more efficient than existing financial systems
- No one has the moral authority to tell you what is a good or bad use of energy (ex: watching the Kardashians)

Let's debunk this FUD👇

— Dan Held (@danheld) January 18, 2021

@ c1e9ab3a:9cb56b43

Star Wars is often viewed as a myth of rebellion, freedom, and resistance to tyranny. The iconography—scrappy rebels, totalitarian stormtroopers, lone smugglers—suggests a deep anti-authoritarian ethos. Yet, beneath the surface, the narrative arc of Star Wars consistently affirms the necessity, even sanctity, of central authority. This blog entry introduces the question: Is Star Wars fundamentally a celebration of statism?

---

Rebellion as Restoration, Not Revolution

The Rebel Alliance’s mission is not to dismantle centralized power, but to restore the Galactic Republic—a bureaucratic, centrally governed institution. Characters like Mon Mothma and Bail Organa are high-ranking senators, not populist revolutionaries. The goal is to remove the corrupt Empire and reinstall a previous central authority, presumed to be just.

• Rebels are loyalists to a prior state structure.
• Power is not questioned, only who wields it.

---

Jedi as Centralized Moral Elites

The Jedi, often idealized as protectors of peace, are unelected, extra-legal enforcers of moral and military order. Their authority stems from esoteric metaphysical abilities rather than democratic legitimacy.

• They answer only to their internal Council.
• They are deployed by the Senate, but act independently of civil law.
• Their collapse is depicted as tragic not because they were unaccountable, but because they were betrayed.

This positions them as a theocratic elite, not spiritual anarchists.

---

Chaos and the Frontier: The Case of the Cantina

The Mos Eisley cantina, often viewed as a symbol of frontier freedom, reveals something darker. It is: - Lawless - Violent - Culturally fragmented

Conflict resolution occurs through murder, not mediation. Obi-Wan slices off a limb; Han shoots first—both without legal consequence. There is no evidence of property rights, dispute resolution, or voluntary order.

This is not libertarian pluralism—it’s moral entropy. The message: without centralized governance, barbarism reigns.

---

The Mythic Arc: Restoration of the Just State

Every trilogy in the saga returns to a single theme: the fall and redemption of legitimate authority.

1. Prequels: Republic collapses into tyranny.
2. Originals: Rebels fight to restore legitimate order.
3. Sequels: Weak governance leads to resurgence of authoritarianism; heroes must reestablish moral centralism.

The story is not anti-state—it’s anti-bad state. The solution is never decentralization; it’s the return of the right ruler or order.

---

Conclusion: The Hidden Statism of a Rebel Myth

Star Wars wears the costume of rebellion, but tells the story of centralized salvation. It: - Validates elite moral authority (Jedi) - Romanticizes restoration of fallen governments (Republic) - Portrays decentralized zones as corrupt and savage (outer rim worlds)

It is not an anarchist parable, nor a libertarian fable. It is a statist mythology, clothed in the spectacle of rebellion. Its core message is not that power should be abolished, but that power belongs to the virtuous few.

---

Question to Consider:
If the Star Wars universe consistently affirms the need for centralized moral and political authority, should we continue to see it as a myth of freedom? Or is it time to recognize it as a narrative of benevolent empire?

@ dfa02707:41ca50e3

Good morning (good night?)! The No Bullshit Bitcoin news feed is now available on Moody's Dashboard! A huge shoutout to sir Clark Moody for integrating our feed.

Headlines

• Spiral welcomes Ben Carman. The developer will work on the LDK server and a new SDK designed to simplify the onboarding process for new self-custodial Bitcoin users.

• The Bitcoin Dev Kit Foundation announced new corporate members for 2025, including AnchorWatch, CleanSpark, and Proton Foundation. The annual dues from these corporate members fund the small team of open-source developers responsible for maintaining the core BDK libraries and related free and open-source software (FOSS) projects.
• Strategy increases Bitcoin holdings to 538,200 BTC. In the latest purchase, the company has spent more than $555M to buy 6,556 coins through proceeds of two at-the-market stock offering programs.
• Spar supermarket experiments with Bitcoin payments in Zug, Switzerland. The store has introduced a new payment method powered by the Lightning Network. The implementation was facilitated by DFX Swiss, a service that supports seamless conversions between bitcoin and legacy currencies.

• The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) wants to contain 'crypto' risks. A report titled "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralised Finance: Functions and Financial Stability Implications" calls for expanding research into "how new forms of central bank money, capital controls, and taxation policies can counter the risks of widespread crypto adoption while still fostering technological innovation."
• "Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking, and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia." According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report, criminal organizations from East and Southeast Asia are swiftly extending their global reach. These groups are moving beyond traditional scams and trafficking, creating sophisticated online networks that include unlicensed cryptocurrency exchanges, encrypted communication platforms, and stablecoins, fueling a massive fraud economy on an industrial scale.
• Slovenia is considering a 25% capital gains tax on Bitcoin profits for individuals. The Ministry of Finance has proposed legislation to impose this tax on gains from cryptocurrency transactions, though exchanging one cryptocurrency for another would remain exempt. At present, individual 'crypto' traders in Slovenia are not taxed.
• Circle, BitGo, Coinbase, and Paxos plan to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. According to a report in The Wall Street Journal, major crypto companies are planning to apply for U.S. bank charters or licenses. These firms are pursuing limited licenses that would permit them to issue stablecoins, as the U.S. Congress deliberates on legislation mandating licensing for stablecoin issuers.

"Established banks, like Bank of America, are hoping to amend the current drafts of [stablecoin] legislation in such a way that nonbanks are more heavily restricted from issuing stablecoins," people familiar with the matter told The Block.

• Charles Schwab to launch spot Bitcoin trading by 2026. The financial investment firm, managing over $10 trillion in assets, has revealed plans to introduce spot Bitcoin trading for its clients within the next year.

Use the tools

• Bitcoin Safe v1.2.3 expands QR SignMessage compatibility for all QR-UR-compatible hardware signers (SpecterDIY, KeyStone, Passport, Jade; already supported COLDCARD Q). It also adds the ability to import wallets via QR, ensuring compatibility with Keystone's latest firmware (2.0.6), alongside other improvements.
• Minibits v0.2.2-beta, an ecash wallet for Android devices, packages many changes to align the project with the planned iOS app release. New features and improvements include the ability to lock ecash to a receiver's pubkey, faster confirmations of ecash minting and payments thanks to WebSockets, UI-related fixes, and more.
• Zeus v0.11.0-alpha1 introduces Cashu wallets tied to embedded LND wallets. Navigate to Settings > Ecash to enable it. Other wallet types can still sweep funds from Cashu tokens. Zeus Pay now supports Cashu address types in Zaplocker, Cashu, and NWC modes.
• LNDg v1.10.0, an advanced web interface designed for analyzing Lightning Network Daemon (LND) data and automating node management tasks, introduces performance improvements, adds a new metrics page for unprofitable and stuck channels, and displays warnings for batch openings. The Profit and Loss Chart has been updated to include on-chain costs. Advanced settings have been added for users who would like their channel database size to be read remotely (the default remains local). Additionally, the AutoFees tool now uses aggregated pubkey metrics for multiple channels with the same peer.
• Nunchuk Desktop v1.9.45 release brings the latest bug fixes and improvements.
• Blockstream Green iOS v4.1.8 has renamed L-BTC to LBTC, and improves translations of notifications, login time, and background payments.
• Blockstream Green Android v4.1.8 has added language preference in App Settings and enables an Android data backup option for disaster recovery. Additionally, it fixes issues with Jade entry point PIN timeout and Trezor passphrase input.
• Torq v2.2.2, an advanced Lightning node management software designed to handle large nodes with over 1000 channels, fixes bugs that caused channel balance to not be updated in some cases and channel "peer total local balance" not getting updated.
• Stack Wallet v2.1.12, a multicoin wallet by Cypher Stack, fixes an issue with Xelis introduced in the latest release for Windows.
• ESP-Miner-NerdQAxePlus v1.0.29.1, a forked version from the NerdAxe miner that was modified for use on the NerdQAxe+, is now available.
• Zark enables sending sats to an npub using Bark.

• Erk is a novel variation of the Ark protocol that completely removes the need for user interactivity in rounds, addressing one of Ark's key limitations: the requirement for users to come online before their VTXOs expire.
• Aegis v0.1.1 is now available. It is a Nostr event signer app for iOS devices.
• Nostash is a NIP-07 Nostr signing extension for Safari. It is a fork of Nostore and is maintained by Terry Yiu. Available on iOS TestFlight.
• Amber v3.2.8, a Nostr event signer for Android, delivers the latest fixes and improvements.
• Nostur v1.20.0, a Nostr client for iOS, adds

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

intro

The Russian state made me a Bitcoiner. In 1991, it devalued my grandmother's hard-earned savings. She worked tirelessly in the kitchen of a dining car on the Moscow–Warsaw route. Everything she had saved for my sister and me to attend university vanished overnight. This story is similar to what many experienced, including Wences Casares. The pain and injustice of that time became my first lessons about the fragility of systems and the value of genuine, incorruptible assets, forever changing my perception of money and my trust in government promises.

In 2014, I was living in Moscow, running a trading business, and frequently traveling to China. One day, I learned about the Cypriot banking crisis and the possibility of moving money through some strange thing called Bitcoin. At the time, I didn’t give it much thought. Returning to the idea six months later, as a business-oriented geek, I eagerly began studying the topic and soon dove into it seriously.

I spent half a year reading articles on a local online journal, BitNovosti, actively participating in discussions, and eventually joined the editorial team as a translator. That’s how I learned about whitepapers, decentralization, mining, cryptographic keys, and colored coins. About Satoshi Nakamoto, Silk Road, Mt. Gox, and BitcoinTalk. Over time, I befriended the journal’s owner and, leveraging my management experience, later became an editor. I was drawn to the crypto-anarchist stance and commitment to decentralization principles. We wrote about the economic, historical, and social preconditions for Bitcoin’s emergence, and it was during this time that I fully embraced the idea.

It got to the point where I sold my apartment and, during the market's downturn, bought 50 bitcoins, just after the peak price of $1,200 per coin. That marked the beginning of my first crypto winter. As an editor, I organized workflows, managed translators, developed a YouTube channel, and attended conferences in Russia and Ukraine. That’s how I learned about Wences Casares and even wrote a piece about him. I also met Mikhail Chobanyan (Ukrainian exchange Kuna), Alexander Ivanov (Waves project), Konstantin Lomashuk (Lido project), and, of course, Vitalik Buterin. It was a time of complete immersion, 24/7, and boundless hope.

After moving to the United States, I expected the industry to grow rapidly, attended events, but the introduction of BitLicense froze the industry for eight years. By 2017, it became clear that the industry was shifting toward gambling and creating tokens for the sake of tokens. I dismissed this idea as unsustainable. Then came a new crypto spring with the hype around beautiful NFTs – CryptoPunks and apes.

I made another attempt – we worked on a series called Digital Nomad Country Club, aimed at creating a global project. The proceeds from selling images were intended to fund the development of business tools for people worldwide. However, internal disagreements within the team prevented us from completing the project.

With Trump’s arrival in 2025, hope was reignited. I decided that it was time to create a project that society desperately needed. As someone passionate about history, I understood that destroying what exists was not the solution, but leaving everything as it was also felt unacceptable. You can’t destroy the system, as the fiery crypto-anarchist voices claimed.

With an analytical mindset (IQ 130) and a deep understanding of the freest societies, I realized what was missing—not only in Russia or the United States but globally—a Bitcoin-native system for tracking debts and financial interactions. This could return control of money to ordinary people and create horizontal connections parallel to state systems. My goal was to create, if not a Bitcoin killer app, then at least to lay its foundation.

At the inauguration event in New York, I rediscovered the Nostr project. I realized it was not only technologically simple and already quite popular but also perfectly aligned with my vision. For the past month and a half, using insights and experience gained since 2014, I’ve been working full-time on this project.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

So sehr man sich auch Mühe gibt, es will vielen einfach nicht gelingen, Russland als den Feind anzusehen.

Wenn ein fremder Mann eine Frau unfreiwillig zum Tanz auf’s Parkett zerrt und der Ehemann dem fremden Mann wie auch immer zu verstehen gibt, dass das so nicht geht, dann kann man nicht sagen, der Ehemann habe einen Streit vom Zaun gebrochen.

Eine Reaktion setzt immer eine Aktion voraus.

Nicht Russland ist der NATO auf die Pelle gerückt, sondern die NATO mit der Osterweiterung Russland.

Russland wollte mit Auflösung des Warschauer Pakts eine gemeinsame europäische Militärlösung, die die Neuordnung der NATO oder gar ebenfalls ihre Auflösung zur Folge gehabt hätte.

Der sogenannte Wertewesten ist maßgeblich für den Krieg in der Ukraine verantwortlich. Völkerrechtswidrigkeit kann man weglassen, da es auch im Westen, von den USA, mehrfach Beispiele für völkerrechtswidrige Angriffe auf andere Staaten gibt. Und Deutschland hat im Kosovo auch nicht nur Kaffee für die Truppen gekocht.

Wer im Glashaus sitzt, sollte nicht mit Steinen werfen.

Wenn Deutschland, vertreten durch einen Kanzler 2. Wahl über die nicht mehr vorhandene Reichweitenbeschränkung spricht, das Wahlvieh, den ehemaligen Souverän, im Ungewissen über die Lieferung des Stiers lässt, und dann, wie aus heiterem Himmel, Taurus, mit deutschem Kompass und deutschen Kompassbedienern, auf einmal Richtung Krim-Brücke oder gar Moskau unterwegs sein sollte, wen würde es dann wundern, wenn Moskau seine „Liebesgrüße“, schon allein aus reiner Höflichkeit und Anstand, nach Schrobenhausen sendet?

Würde das passieren, würde man in Deutschland sagen: Seht ihr, wir haben es euch ja immer gesagt, ihr wolltet es nur nicht glauben. Russland, mit seinem imperialen Anspruch und seinem aggressiven Verhalten, der Friedensverhinderer, der böse Putin, der böse Russ‘, wird uns angreifen! Die geforderte Kriegstüchtigkeit war also absolut berechtigt!

Wer das dann immer noch glaubt, dem möchte man eine Rakete in den Kamin seiner Doppelhaushälfte mit Gänsemuster-Gardinen am Küchenfenster stecken.

Wenn man jemanden bis auf’s Blut reizt, ist es ihm dann zu verdenken, wenn ihm irgendwann der Geduldsfaden reißt, nachdem schon mehrere Rote Linien überschritten wurden?

Und warum reizt man Russland bis auf’s Blut? Man kann zu keinem anderen Grund kommen, als dass die Geistesgrößen in Deutschland unbedingt einen Krieg wollen. Wozu? Ist das die von wem auch immer geplante Vollendung der Zerstörung Deutschlands? Der zukünftige Ex-Kanzler redet einen Haufen vermeintlich kluges Zeug daher, aber Russland handelt klug. Kleiner Unterschied.

Rheingold ist in gewöhnliches Rheinmetall, wohl durch Geheim-Alchimie, verwandelt worden. Geheim wird ja jetzt wieder modern. Man kann nur hoffen, dass es in der Taurussland-Rakete tatsächlich US-amerikanische Komponenten gibt, die (vielleicht sogar in Wiesbaden?) abgeschaltet werden können, damit der Stier nicht fliegen kann. Und man kann auch nur hoffen, dass die USA sie dann auch wirklich abschalten.

Die Meyer-Werft in Papenburg soll demnächst auch „Meine Fregatte“ und „Kreuzer grau I bis IX“ bauen. Panzerkreuzerfahrten in der Ostsee mit Blick auf Königsberg, na bravo, tolle Idee. (Da war doch mal was?). Gute Erholung schon jetzt. Da wird die vom Kaiser für den Aufbau der Marine eingeführte Sektsteuer endlich wieder ihrem eigentlichen Zweck zugeführt.

Und wie der ehemalige Masken-Chef-Einkäufer erst jüngst in einer der unsäglichen Staatsfunk-Aufführungen lichtblitzartig erkannt haben muss, spricht Putin Deutsch. Nein, doch, oh! Man stelle sich das einmal vor. Ganz was Neues! Die jetzt für die deutsche Bevölkerung geheim gehaltenen militärischen Absprachen werden nun in einer Sprache in Berlin besprochen, von denen man vorher sorgfältig, wie immer, recherchiert hat, dass Putin sie sicher nicht spricht, damit er nichts mitbekommt. Pssst, Feind hört mit! Den Beruf des Dolmetschers oder Übersetzers hat das Arbeitsamt in der Berufsberatung in der Schulzeit des Bankkaufmanns wahrscheinlich nicht vorgestellt, daher existieren sie für ihn nicht.

Und welche militärischen Entscheidungen von den deutschen "Chef-Diplomaten" getroffen wurden, das erfährt die Bevölkerung ja spätestens, wenn es knallt. Das reicht ja auch.

Was kommt als nächstes? Nach selbst genähten Maulwindeln jetzt eine Nähanleitung für schwere Gardinen zur Fenster-Verdunkelung? Oder gibt es die bald schon fertig in allen Größen zu kaufen, bei einem Discounter, wie in Berlin jetzt Macheten, damit man sich im Garten wieder den Weg zum Geräteschuppen bahnen kann.

Ils sont fous ces Allemands!

„Das große Karthago führte drei Kriege. Nach dem ersten war es noch mächtig. Nach dem zweiten war es noch bewohnbar. Nach dem dritten war es nicht mehr aufzufinden“, Berthold Brecht.

“Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.”

* *

(Bild von pixabay)

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

The other day, I had the privilege of sitting down with one of my favorite living artists. Our conversation was so captivating that I felt compelled to share it. I’m leaving his name out for privacy.

Since our last meeting, I’d watched a documentary about his life, one he’d helped create. I told him how much I admired his openness in it. There’s something strange about knowing intimate details of someone’s life when they know so little about yours—it’s almost like I knew him too well for the kind of relationship we have.

He paused, then said quietly, with a shy grin, that watching the documentary made him realize how “odd and eccentric” he is. I laughed and told him he’s probably the sanest person I know. Because he’s lived fully, chasing love, passion, and purpose with hardly any regrets. He’s truly lived.

Today, I turn 44, and I’ll admit I’m a bit eccentric myself. I think I came into the world this way. I’ve made mistakes along the way, but I carry few regrets. Every misstep taught me something. And as I age, I’m not interested in blending in with the world—I’ll probably just lean further into my own brand of “weird.” I want to live life to the brim. The older I get, the more I see that the “normal” folks often seem less grounded than the eccentric artists who dare to live boldly. Life’s too short to just exist, actually live.

I’m not saying to be strange just for the sake of it. But I’ve seen what the crowd celebrates, and I’m not impressed. Forge your own path, even if it feels lonely or unpopular at times.

It’s easy to scroll through the news and feel discouraged. But actually, this is one of the most incredible times to be alive! I wake up every day grateful to be here, now. The future is bursting with possibility—I can feel it.

So, to my fellow weirdos on nostr: stay bold. Keep dreaming, keep pushing, no matter what’s trending. Stay wild enough to believe in a free internet for all. Freedom is radical—hold it tight. Live with the soul of an artist and the grit of a fighter. Thanks for inspiring me and so many others to keep hoping. Thank you all for making the last year of my life so special.

@ daa41bed:88f54153

There has been a good bit of discussion on Nostr over the past few days about the merits of zaps as a method of engaging with notes, so after writing a rather lengthy article on the pros of a strategic Bitcoin reserve, I wanted to take some time to chime in on the much more fun topic of digital engagement.

Let's begin by defining a couple of things:

Nostr is a decentralized, censorship-resistance protocol whose current biggest use case is social media (think Twitter/X). Instead of relying on company servers, it relies on relays that anyone can spin up and own their own content. Its use cases are much bigger, though, and this article is hosted on my own relay, using my own Nostr relay as an example.

Zap is a tip or donation denominated in sats (small units of Bitcoin) sent from one user to another. This is generally done directly over the Lightning Network but is increasingly using Cashu tokens. For the sake of this discussion, how you transmit/receive zaps will be irrelevant, so don't worry if you don't know what Lightning or Cashu are.

If we look at how users engage with posts and follows/followers on platforms like Twitter, Facebook, etc., it becomes evident that traditional social media thrives on engagement farming. The more outrageous a post, the more likely it will get a reaction. We see a version of this on more visual social platforms like YouTube and TikTok that use carefully crafted thumbnail images to grab the user's attention to click the video. If you'd like to dive deep into the psychology and science behind social media engagement, let me know, and I'd be happy to follow up with another article.

In this user engagement model, a user is given the option to comment or like the original post, or share it among their followers to increase its signal. They receive no value from engaging with the content aside from the dopamine hit of the original experience or having their comment liked back by whatever influencer they provide value to. Ad revenue flows to the content creator. Clout flows to the content creator. Sales revenue from merch and content placement flows to the content creator. We call this a linear economy -- the idea that resources get created, used up, then thrown away. Users create content and farm as much engagement as possible, then the content is forgotten within a few hours as they move on to the next piece of content to be farmed.

What if there were a simple way to give value back to those who engage with your content? By implementing some value-for-value model -- a circular economy. Enter zaps.

Unlike traditional social media platforms, Nostr does not actively use algorithms to determine what content is popular, nor does it push content created for active user engagement to the top of a user's timeline. Yes, there are "trending" and "most zapped" timelines that users can choose to use as their default, but these use relatively straightforward engagement metrics to rank posts for these timelines.

That is not to say that we may not see clients actively seeking to refine timeline algorithms for specific metrics. Still, the beauty of having an open protocol with media that is controlled solely by its users is that users who begin to see their timeline gamed towards specific algorithms can choose to move to another client, and for those who are more tech-savvy, they can opt to run their own relays or create their own clients with personalized algorithms and web of trust scoring systems.

Zaps enable the means to create a new type of social media economy in which creators can earn for creating content and users can earn by actively engaging with it. Like and reposting content is relatively frictionless and costs nothing but a simple button tap. Zaps provide active engagement because they signal to your followers and those of the content creator that this post has genuine value, quite literally in the form of money—sats.

I have seen some comments on Nostr claiming that removing likes and reactions is for wealthy people who can afford to send zaps and that the majority of people in the US and around the world do not have the time or money to zap because they have better things to spend their money like feeding their families and paying their bills. While at face value, these may seem like valid arguments, they, unfortunately, represent the brainwashed, defeatist attitude that our current economic (and, by extension, social media) systems aim to instill in all of us to continue extracting value from our lives.

Imagine now, if those people dedicating their own time (time = money) to mine pity points on social media would instead spend that time with genuine value creation by posting content that is meaningful to cultural discussions. Imagine if, instead of complaining that their posts get no zaps and going on a tirade about how much of a victim they are, they would empower themselves to take control of their content and give value back to the world; where would that leave us? How much value could be created on a nascent platform such as Nostr, and how quickly could it overtake other platforms?

Other users argue about user experience and that additional friction (i.e., zaps) leads to lower engagement, as proven by decades of studies on user interaction. While the added friction may turn some users away, does that necessarily provide less value? I argue quite the opposite. You haven't made a few sats from zaps with your content? Can't afford to send some sats to a wallet for zapping? How about using the most excellent available resource and spending 10 seconds of your time to leave a comment? Likes and reactions are valueless transactions. Social media's real value derives from providing monetary compensation and actively engaging in a conversation with posts you find interesting or thought-provoking. Remember when humans thrived on conversation and discussion for entertainment instead of simply being an onlooker of someone else's life?

If you've made it this far, my only request is this: try only zapping and commenting as a method of engagement for two weeks. Sure, you may end up liking a post here and there, but be more mindful of how you interact with the world and break yourself from blind instinct. You'll thank me later.

@ 51bbb15e:b77a2290

Yeah, I’m sure everything in the file is legit. 👍 Let’s review the guard witness testimony…Oh wait, they weren’t at their posts despite 24/7 survellience instructions after another Epstein “suicide” attempt two weeks earlier. Well, at least the video of the suicide is in the file? Oh wait, a techical glitch. Damn those coincidences!

At this point, the Trump administration has zero credibility with me on anything related to the Epstein case and his clients. I still suspect the administration is using the Epstein files as leverage to keep a lot of RINOs in line, whereas they’d be sabotaging his agenda at every turn otherwise. However, I just don’t believe in ends-justify-the-means thinking. It’s led almost all of DC to toss out every bit of the values they might once have had.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Metaplanet Acquires 1,088 More Bitcoin, Bringing Total Holdings to 8,888 BTC

Metaplanet, Japan’s leading Bitcoin treasury firm, has purchased an additional 1,088 Bitcoin for approximately ¥16.89 billion at an average price of ¥15,519,019 per BTC. This acquisition raises the company’s total Bitcoin holdings to 8,888 BTC, with a cumulative purchase cost of ¥122.27 billion at an average price of ¥13,756,658 per BTC.

The company continues to report gains under its BTC Yield metric, a proprietary KPI that measures Bitcoin accumulation per share. Quarter-to-date (QTD), as of June 2, 2025, Metaplanet’s BTC Yield stands at 66.3%, following previous QTD yields of 95.6%, 309.8%, and 41.7% over the last three quarters. Total BTC Gain for Q2 2025 is 2,684 BTC, translating to a ¥40.54 billion gain based on a reference Bitcoin price of ¥15.10 million.

*Metaplanet Acquires Additional 1,088 $BTC, Total Holdings Reach 8,888 BTC* pic.twitter.com/X2clAIKNbR

— Metaplanet Inc. (@Metaplanet_JP) June 2, 2025

Metaplanet’s capital markets activity has been tightly aligned with its Bitcoin accumulation strategy. Since January 28, 2025, the company executed a series of zero-coupon, non-interest-bearing bond issuances and 0% discount stock acquisition rights to EVO FUND, raising over ¥35 billion and USD 121 million. These funds were used for Bitcoin purchases and bond redemptions.

pic.twitter.com/QCkAmJ7c5k

— Dylan LeClair (@DylanLeClair_) June 2, 2025

In Q1 FY2025, Metaplanet reported its strongest financial results yet. Revenue increased 8% quarter-over-quarter to ¥877 million, while operating profit rose 11% to ¥593 million. Net income surged to ¥5.0 billion, complemented by unrealized gains of ¥13.5 billion from its Bitcoin holdings, further strengthening the company’s balance sheet. 

Although Bitcoin prices dipped briefly at the end of March, causing a ¥7.4 billion valuation loss, Metaplanet swiftly recovered as BTC surged to new record levels. This strong connection with Bitcoin’s performance has led many investors to use Metaplanet as an investment vehicle to get Bitcoin exposure on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

At the same time, Strategy acquired another 705 Bitcoin for about $75 million, further expanding its position as the largest corporate holder of Bitcoin as more public companies continue to adopt Bitcoin treasury strategies.

BREAKING: STRATEGY BUYS ANOTHER 705 #BITCOIN FOR $75 MILLION pic.twitter.com/WBgKUcbbEP

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

According to their SEC filing on June 2, they bought Bitcoin at an average price of $106,495 each between May 26 and June 1, bringing their total holdings to 580,955 BTC. The acquisition was funded by selling some of their preferred shares through an at-the-market (ATM) equity offering.

This post Metaplanet Acquires 1,088 More Bitcoin, Bringing Total Holdings to 8,888 BTC first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Oscar Zarraga Perez.

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

I got into a friendly discussion on X regarding health insurance. The specific question was how to deal with health insurance companies (presumably unfairly) denying claims? My answer, as usual: get government out of it!

The US healthcare system is essentially the worst of both worlds:

• Unlike full single payer, individuals incur high costs
• Unlike a true free market, regulation causes increases in costs and decreases competition among insurers

I'm firmly on the side of moving towards the free market. (And I say that as someone living under a single payer system now.) Here's what I would do:

• Get rid of tax incentives that make health insurance tied to your employer, giving individuals back proper freedom of choice.
• Reduce regulations significantly.

• In the short term, some people will still get rejected claims and other obnoxious behavior from insurance companies. We address that in two ways:

  1. Due to reduced regulations, new insurance companies will be able to enter the market offering more reliable coverage and better rates, and people will flock to them because they have the freedom to make their own choices.
  2. Sue the asses off of companies that reject claims unfairly. And ideally, as one of the few legitimate roles of government in all this, institute new laws that limit the ability of fine print to allow insurers to escape their responsibilities. (I'm hesitant that the latter will happen due to the incestuous relationship between Congress/regulators and insurers, but I can hope.)

Will this magically fix everything overnight like politicians normally promise? No. But it will allow the market to return to a healthy state. And I don't think it will take long (order of magnitude: 5-10 years) for it to come together, but that's just speculation.

And since there's a high correlation between those who believe government can fix problems by taking more control and demanding that only credentialed experts weigh in on a topic (both points I strongly disagree with BTW): I'm a trained actuary and worked in the insurance industry, and have directly seen how government regulation reduces competition, raises prices, and harms consumers.

And my final point: I don't think any prior art would be a good comparison for deregulation in the US, it's such a different market than any other country in the world for so many reasons that lessons wouldn't really translate. Nonetheless, I asked Grok for some empirical data on this, and at best the results of deregulation could be called "mixed," but likely more accurately "uncertain, confused, and subject to whatever interpretation anyone wants to apply."

https://x.com/i/grok/share/Zc8yOdrN8lS275hXJ92uwq98M

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com

---

Pregled sadržaja

1. Bitcoin Je Nosilac Imovine
2. Komprimis: Bezbednost vs Konfor
3. Pregled Novčanika: Istraživanje Hardverskih, Mobilnih, Desktop i Multisig Bitcoin Novčanika
4. Vruće vs Hladno – (hot vs Cold) Bitcoin Novčanici: U čemu je razlika?
5. Bitcoin Novčanik – Backup Fraza
6. Bitcoin Multisignature: Kako radi
7. Zašto Moj Bitcoin Novčanik Stalno Menja Moju Adresu?
8. Moja Preporuka: Neka Procenat Neto Vrednosti Vodi Vaš Izbor Bitcoin Novčanika
9. Da Zaokružimo Priču

U redu, dakle stekli ste neku količinu Bitcoin-a, i koji je sada najbolji način za njegovo čuvanje? Ovde ću vas provesti kroz proces pronalaženja pravog Bitcoin novčanika za vas.

Iako se čini kao jednostavno pitanje, ima iznenađujuće puno nijansi koje treba razmotriti. Koliko Bitcoin-a imate? Koliko često planirate da ga trošite? Da li ste sigurni da su vaši ključevi sigurniji kod vas nego kod offline čuvara? Odgovori na ova pitanja pomoći će vam da pronadjete pravo rešenje za vas.

Bitcoin je nosilac imovine, što znači da i sami možete držati ključeve svog Bitcoin-a. Kada držite svoje Bitcoin ključeve, vi imate direktnu kontrolu nad svojim novcem. Nije povereno nijednoj trećoj strani, poput banke. Trebate držati svoje ključeve onda kada utvrdite da je rizik da ih lično držite manji od rizika da ih čuvar izgubi. Donošenje te odluke oslanja se uglavnom na vaše razumevanje kako i zašto držati svoje Bitcoin ključeve. U ovom članku ću vam pomoći da razumete obe strane.

U ovom članku ćemo istražiti:

• „Nisu vaši ključevi, nije vaš Bitcoin“
• Bezbednost vs Konfor
• Vrste Bitcoin novčanika
• Postavke Multisig-a
• Moja preporuka za izbor najboljeg novčanika za VAS

Zato počnimo polako.

Bitcoin Je Nosilac Imovine

U kriptografiji, javni ključ(public key) se koristi za šifrovanje poruka, a privatni ključ(private key) za njihovo dešifrovanje. Ako bi neko želeo da vam pošalje šifrovanu poruku, šifrirao bi je vašim javnim ključem. Vaš privatni ključ je jedini način za dešifrovanje te poruke, pa sve dok ste jedina osoba koja drži taj privatni ključ, vi ste i jedina osoba koja može pročitati poruku.

Bitcoin koristi kriptografiju javnog/privatnog ključa da bi osigurao transakcije. Privatni ključ se kreira kada napravite Bitcoin novčanik. Novčanik stvara javne ključeve koji se heširaju i koriste kao adrese za prijem Bitcoin-a. Privatni ključ je potreban da bi se dokazalo vlasništvo nad uskladištenim Bitcoin-om na toj adresi kako bi se mogao potrošiti.

Ako lično ne kontrolišete privatne ključeve povezane sa vašim Bitcoin-om, onda zapravo ne posedujete svoj Bitcoin. Drugim rečima, ako menjačnica ili banka drži vaše Bitcoin-e u vaše ime, vi onda nemate direktnu kontrolu nad svojim Bitcoin-ima. Vi prenosite sigurnost svog Bitcoin-a drugoj stranci.

Da biste u potpunosti iskoristili jedinstvene osobine Bitcoin-a kao novca, vi trebate da držite svoje privatne ključeve. Kao što Bitcoineri često kažu „nisu vaši ključevi, nije vaš Bitcoin“. Ovo vam pruža mogućnost držanja vašeg Bitcoin-a pod vašim nadzorom, tako da ga države, banke ili hakeri koji ga ciljaju ne mogu zapleniti ili oduzeti. Ali odabir držanja sopstvenih ključeva dolazi sa odredjenom odgovornošću za bezbednost vašeg Bitcoin-a.

Moj cilj je da vam pomognem da postanete konforni sa mogućnošću držanja svojih ključeva. Do tada, Bitcoin če biti sigurniji na novčaniku vaše menjačnice.

Sada ćemo pogledati koje opcije imate za preuzimanje kontrole nad sopstvenim Bitcoin ključevima.

Bezbednost vs Komfor

Komprimis: Bezbednost vs Komfor

Glavni kompromis koji treba uzeti u obzir prilikom skladištenja vašeg Bitcoin-a je između bezbednosti i konfora. Očigledno je da su i bezbednost i konfor poželjne osobine prilikom čuvanja vašeg Bitcoin-a, ali se međusobno direktno suprotstavljaju.

Gde se vi nalazite u spektru bezbednosti nasuprot konfora?

Postavite sebi ova pitanja da biste stekli bolji utisak o tome koji način čuvanja za vas ima najviše smisla:

• Ukupna vrednost – da li skladištite na nivou od 0,1%, 1% ili 10 +% vaše neto vrednosti u Bitcoin-u? Odgovor bi trebao da vam da vrlo različite metode čuvanja vašeg Bitcoin-a. Očigledno biste bili spremni da pretrpite više neprijatnosti ako to znači zaštitu 50% vaše neto vrednosti.
• Vremenski okvir/dostupnost – Kada i koliko često imate potrebu da trošite svoje Bitcoin-e? Da li je to više kao tekući račun, srednjoročni štedni račun ili je vaš Bitcoin sličniji dugoročnom penzionom računu?

“Pazite da podešavanje vaše zaštite ne bude tako složeno da čak i vi zaboravite kako dostupiti vašom Bitcoin-u“

Od Bitcoinera se mogu čuti upozoravajuće priče o ljudima koji gube svoje Bitcoin-e zbog prekomplikovanih podešavanja čuvanja, što rezultira time da vlasnik zaboravi kako da pristupi svojim novčićima.

Pregled Novčanika: Istraživanje Hardverskih, Mobilnih, Desktop i Multisig Bitcoin Novčanika

Sada kada ste odlučili da nabavite nekoliko Bitcoin-a (pametan potez) vreme je da odlučite gde ćete čuvati vaš Bitcoin. Kada započinjete, ovo vam može dati nadmoćan osećaj. U ovom odeljku ću vam dati kratki pregled opcija kojima raspolažete. Kao i u većini stvari u životu, i ovde se radi o kompromisima.

Hardverski Bitcoin Novčanici

Korisnici čuvaju privatne ključeve na namenskom hardverskom delu.

Prednosti: Privatni ključevi nikada ne dolaze u dodir sa internetom, što smanjuje rizik od njihovih gubitaka. Pogodno za dugotrajno skladištenje. Ako izgubite hardverski novčanik, možete da upotrebite backup seed fraze (eng. seed phrase backup) da biste vratili novčanik.

Mane: Korisnici moraju da obezbede backup seed fraze, što zahteva promišljenu strategiju kako da je zaštite. Preporučuje se da zapišete svoju seed frazu na metal i sačuvate rezervne kopije na više sigurnih lokacija. Ako vam ukradu hardverski novčanik, dolazite u rizik hakovanja vaših sredstava. Napomena: zaštita backup seed fraze je standardna praksa za novčanike gde korisnik kontroliše svoje privatne ključeve.

Primeri: Ledger, Trezor, Coldcard i BitBox

Mobilni Bitcoin Novčanici

Korisnici čuvaju privatne ključeve na mobilnom uređaju.

Prednosti: Jednostavan za upotrebu, dobar za početnike, pogodan za male iznose.

Mane: Najmanje sigurna opcija jer se privatni ključevi nalaze na uređaju povezanom na Internet. Ako napadač stekne fizički pristup vašem telefonu, može proslediti sredstva u njegov novčanik. Nije dobro za dugotrajno skladištenje.

Primeri: Block­stream Green, Samourai (samo za Android), Muun, Blue Wallet, Electrum

Desktop Bitcoin Novčanici

Korisnici čuvaju privatne ključeve na svom desktop/laptop računaru

Prednosti: Dobro korisničko iskustvo.

Mane: Nije baš bezbedno, jer su računari povezani na internet i podložni virusima i napadima. Nije dobro za dugotrajno čuvanje.

Primeri: Bitcoin Core i Electrum (napredni), Wasabi (srednji), Block­stream Green (početni). Wasabi je verovatno najbolji novčanik za privatnost, a Block­stream Green je najbolji početnički desktop novčanik.

Multisignature Bitcoin Novčanici

Korisnik čuva privatne ključeve u posebnom novčaniku za koji je potrebno da potpiše više privatnih ključeva pre nego što može da premešta svoja sredstva. Na primer, u „2 od 3“ multisig (eng. multisignature – više potpisa) novčaniku, korisniku su potrebna bilo koja dva od tri privatna ključa za slanje sredstava.

Prednosti: Jedan od najsigurnijih načina za čuvanje vašeg Bitcoin-a, smanjuje efikasnost fizičkih napada, pogodan za dugoročno skladištenje.

Mane: Teško ga je samostalno podesiti, ali postoji nekoliko servisa koji olakšavaju ovaj proces. Nije pogodno za potrošnju, a to može predstavljati i poentu.

Primeri: Unchained Capital’s Vault (2 od 3), Casa’s Keymaster (2 od 3 i 3 od 5), Block­steam Green (2 od 2), Electrum.

Vruće vs Hladno – (hot vs Cold) Bitcoin Novčanici: U čemu je razlika?

Vrući novčanici su povezani na Internet. To znači da je ključevima lakše pristupiti nego kada su na hardverskom novčaniku, a to takođe znači i da su vaša sredstva ranjiva na napade hakera. Vruće novčanike preporučujem samo za male količine.

Hladni novčanici NISU povezani sa Internetom. To znači da je vašim sredstvima teže pristupiti. Hladni novčanici su manje pogodni za korisnike, ali hakeri mnogo teže mogu da pristupe vašim sredstvima. Hladne novčanike treba smatrati jedinom opcijom za dugoročno čuvanje.

Bitcoin Novčanik – Backup Fraza

Većina novčanika zahteva od korisnika da zapišu „backup seed frazu“. Ovo je mera predostrožnosti u slučaju da izgubite pristup svojim privatnim ključevima/novčaniku. To takođe znači da korisnici moraju biti vrlo oprezni sa svojim rezervnim kopijama jer one sadrže sve potrebne informacije za pristup vašim sredstvima. Tretirajte i čuvajte svoje rezervne kopije na način kao što bi tretirali i čuvali gomilu zlata.

• Ne pravite slike ili snimke ekrana svoje backup fraze
• Ne izgovarajte naglas svoju backup frazu – ikad!
• Ne čuvajte svoju semensku frazu Password Manager Aplikaciji
• Ne koristite Internet uslugu oporavka backup fraze
• Koristite pristupnu frazu (passphrase) da biste dodali još sigurnosti
• Koristite više metoda za pravljenje rezervnih kopija
• Ograničite pristup svojoj backup frazi što je više moguće
• Nikada ne razgovarajte sa ljudima gde, kako i koliko Bitcoin-a čuvate

Tako izgleda „backup seed fraza“

Bitcoin Novčanici Bez Seed-ova

Drugi način za čuvanje Bitcoin-a su novčanici bez seed-ova. Oni su dizajnirani za multisig akaunte, gde korisnici ne kreiraju backup seed-ove, već se oslanjaju na uslugu rezervne kopije. Casa prednjači u novčanicima bez seed-ova sa svojim Keymaster multisignaturnim proizvodom.

Bitcoin Multisignature: Kako radi

Umesto da zahtevaju jedan potpis privatnog ključa za premeštanje sredstava, multisig novčanici zahtevaju više potpisa za premeštanje sredstava. Postoji mnogo načina za pravljenje multisig novčanika, ali iskoristimo postavku 2 od 3 za naš primer.

Kao korisnik, to znači da imate ukupno 3 privatna ključa koji odgovaraju jednom Bitcoin novčaniku. Da biste prebacili sredstva, potrebna su vam najmanje 2 privatna ključa za potpisivanje transakcije. Većina korisnika će fizički odvojiti lokacije svakog ključa kako bi što više smanjili rizik. Samo nemojte biti previše kreativni, da ne prevarite i sebe i na taj način izgubite svoja sredstva (to se dogodilo mnogo puta).

Kao što je gore pomenuto, evo nekoliko primera Multisig­na­ture novčanika

• Block­steam Green Wallet (2 od 2)
• Casa’s Keymaster (2 od 3 i 3 od 5)
• Unchained Capital’s Vault (2 od 3)
• Electrum

Prednosti Multisig-a

Multisig nudi prostor za greške. Ako imate samo jedan privatni ključ i izgubite ga, vaša sredstva će se zauvek izgubiti. Međutim, ako imate podešavanje 2 od 3, možete sebi priuštiti da izgubite jedan privatni ključ i dalje pristupite svojim sredstvima.

Multisig takođe smanjuje šanse za moguće fizičke napade. Recimo da ste fizički ugroženi i primorani da se odreknete svog dragocenog Bitcoin-a. Ako ste imali normalan novčanik (a ne multisig), onda biste lako mogli da prebacite svoj Bitcoin tom kom vas napada. Međutim, ako ste postavili multisig podešavanja, jedan od vaših ključeva je u kući, a drugi ključ na nekom drugom mestu (npr. vaša kancelarija ili sef u banci). Ovakvo razdvajanje ključeva u velikoj meri smanjuje želju tog napadača da uopšte pokuša da preotme vaš Bitcoin.

Zašto Moj Bitcoin Novčanik Stalno Menja Moju Adresu?

Svaki skup privatnih ključeva može generisati bilione javnih ključeva. Ovi javni ključevi se zatim transformišu (kroz matematički proces zvan heširanje) da bi se proizvele javne adrese.

Svaka pojedinačna adresa može da primi Bitcoin. Dakle, svaki skup privatnih ključeva koji posedujete sposoban je da proizvede svoj jedinstveni, masivni skup javnih adresa koje posedujete vi, i samo vi. Svako može da pošalje Bitcoin na te javne adrese, ali samo onaj koji poseduje te privatne ključeve može trošiti Bitcoin sa tih adresa.

Mnogi ljudi vole da uporedjuju privatne ključeve, javne adrese i Bitcoin novčanike sa e-mail adresama. Privatni ključevi su vaša lozinka, javna adresa je vaša e-mail adresa, a novčanik je e-mail domen koji koristite (npr. Gmail, Protonmail, Yahoo itd.). Iako je korisna, ova analogija pomalo obmanjuje, jer sa Bitcoin-om svaka lozinka (privatni ključ) koju posedujete omogućava pristup bilionima potencijalnih e-mail adresa (javnih adresa) za slanje i primanje Bitcoin-a.

Nema razloga za brigu ako vaš novčanik stalno generiše nove Bitcoin adrese. To je zapravo jedna od njegovih karakteristika! Novčanici koji generišu i koriste nove javne adrese pomažu u zaštiti vaše privatnosti od ljudi koji „njuškaju“ na javnom Bitcoin blockchain-u. Samo zapamtite da sve dok vi držite privatne ključeve novčanika, samo vi posedujete sadašnji i budući Bitcoin, poslat na bilo koju javnu adresu koju je generisao vaš novčanik. Samo se pobrinite da privatni ključevi Bitcoin-a budu sigurni, bezbedni i privatni.

Moja Preporuka: Neka Procenat Neto Vrednosti Vodi Vaš Izbor Bitcoin Novčanika

Najjednostavniji način pristupanja izbora koji novčanik će te odabrati za vaš Bitcoin je fokusiranje na pitanje „koliko novca je u igri?“. Drugim rečima, koji procenat vaše neto vrednosti je zaštićen? Evo naše analize, ali naravno, situacija svake osobe je jedinstvena. Koristite ovo kao smernicu, a ne kao apsolutnu istinu.

Male količine (oko 0,1% neto vrednosti) – Koristite mobilni Bitcoin novčanik

• Block­stream Green – ima multisig 2 od 2. To je verovatno najbolji Bitcoin novčanik za iPhone.
• Casa Keymaster (režim sa jednim ključem) – rezervna kopija bez seed-a.

Srednji iznosi (oko 1% neto vrednosti) – Koristite hardverski Bitcoin novčanik

• Ledger
• Trezor
• Coldcard

Velike količine (više od 10% + neto vrednost) – Koristite Multisig Bitcoin novčanik

• Casa Keymaster Multisig —  interfejs koji je jednostavan za korišćenje, možete birati postavke 2 od 3 i 3 od 5. Oni imaju alat za samooporavak, međutim ovo nisam lično koristio, i želeo bih da obavim više istraživanja pre nego što dam pravu preporuku.
• Unchained Capital’s Multisig —  interfejs koji je jednostavan za korišćenje, postavka 2 od 3, može pristupiti finansijskim uslugama zasnovanim na vašem BTC u depozitu.
• Self Hosted Multisig —  korisnici takođe mogu da kreiraju sopstvene multisig postavke. Ovo zahteva mnogo veće tehničko znanje u poređenju sa Unchained i Casa, međutim, ne žrtvujete nikakvu privatnost.

Protip: Rapodelite sredstva koja želite da skladištite dugoročno. Ako imate značajan deo svoje neto vrednosti u Bitcoin-u, u vašem je najboljem interesu da raspodelite svoj ulog. Ovo umanjuje vaš rizik, što smanjuje šanse da budete izbrisani. Na primer, trećinu svog Bitcoin-a čuvajte sa Casa multisig-om, drugu trećinu sa Unchained Capital Vault-om, a preostalu trećinu na hardverskom novčaniku (Cold Card, Ledger ili Trezor).

Da Zaokružimo Priču

Ovo je moj rezime vaših mogućnosti izbora Bitcoin-ovih novčanika i kako odabrati pravi od njih uzimajući u obzir privatne ključeve, načine i stepen zaštite i sigurnosti koji oni pružaju. Ako ste i dalje zastrašeni, bez brige. Preporučujemo da preuzmete kontrolu nad vašim Bitcoin ključevima samo kada budete sigurni u uslugu koja vam se pruža. Ali vas podstičemo da i dalje razmatrate jedinstvenu priliku koju vam pruža Bitcoin: mogućnost da imate apsolutnu kontrolu nad svojim bogatstvom.

Samostalno čuvanje je vremenom sve lakše i lakše. Razmotrite svoju situaciju i odaberite način čuvanja koji najbolje odgovara vama. Ovde sam da vam pomognem, i slobodno mi se obratite sa svim pitanjima koja vas zanimaju.

@ 8bad92c3:ca714aa5

Marty's Bent

It's been a pretty historic week for the United States as it pertains to geopolitical relations in the Middle East. President Trump and many members of his administration, including AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, traveled across the Middle East making deals with countries like Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, and others. Many are speculating that Iran may be included in some behind the scenes deal as well. This trip to the Middle East makes sense considering the fact that China is also vying for favorable relationships with those countries. The Middle East is a power player in the world, and it seems pretty clear that Donald Trump is dead set on ensuring that they choose the United States over China as the world moves towards a more multi-polar reality.

Many are calling the events of this week the Riyadh Accords. There were many deals that were struck in relation to artificial intelligence, defense, energy and direct investments in the United States. A truly prolific power play and demonstration of deal-making ability of Donald Trump, if you ask me. Though I will admit some of the numbers that were thrown out by some of the countries were a bit egregious. We shall see how everything plays out in the coming years. It will be interesting to see how China reacts to this power move by the United States.

While all this was going on, there was something happening back in the United States that many people outside of fringe corners of FinTwit are not talking about, which is the fact that the 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bond yields are back on the rise. Yesterday, they surpassed the levels of mid-April that caused a market panic and are hovering back around levels that have not been seen since right before Donald Trump's inauguration.

I imagine that there isn't as much of an uproar right now because I'm pretty confident the media freakouts we were experiencing in mid-April were driven by the fact that many large hedge funds found themselves off sides of large levered basis trades. I wouldn't be surprised if those funds have decreased their leverage in those trades and bond yields being back to mid-April levels is not affecting those funds as much as they were last month. But the point stands, the 10-year and 30-year yields are significantly elevated with the 30-year approaching 5%. Regardless of the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East, the Treasury has a big problem on its hands. It still has to roll over many trillions worth of debt over over the next few years and doing so at these rates is going to be massively detrimental to fiscal deficits over the next decade. The interest expense on the debt is set to explode in the coming years.

On that note, data from the first quarter of 2025 has been released by the government and despite all the posturing by the Trump administration around DOGE and how tariffs are going to be beneficial for the U.S. economy, deficits are continuing to explode while the interest expense on the debt has definitively surpassed our annual defense budget.

via Charlie Bilello

via Mohamed Al-Erian

To make matters worse, as things are deteriorating on the fiscal side of things, the U.S. consumer is getting crushed by credit. The 90-plus day delinquency rates for credit card and auto loans are screaming higher right now.

via TXMC

One has to wonder how long all this can continue without some sort of liquidity crunch. Even though equities markets have recovered from their post-Liberation Day month long bear market, I would not be surprised if what we're witnessing is a dead cat bounce that can only be continued if the money printers are turned back on. Something's got to give, both on the fiscal side and in the private markets where the Common Man is getting crushed because he's been forced to take on insane amounts of debt to stay afloat after years of elevated levels of inflation. Add on the fact that AI has reached a state of maturity that will enable companies to replace their current meat suit workers with an army of cheap, efficient and fast digital workers and it isn't hard to see that some sort of employment crisis could be on the horizon as well.

Now is not the time to get complacent. While I do believe that the deals that are currently being made in the Middle East are probably in the best interest of the United States as the world, again, moves toward a more multi-polar reality, we are facing problems that one cannot simply wish away. They will need to be confronted. And as we've seen throughout the 21st century, the problems are usually met head-on with a money printer.

I take no pleasure in saying this because it is a bit uncouth to be gleeful to benefit from the strife of others, but it is pretty clear to me that all signs are pointing to bitcoin benefiting massively from everything that is going on. The shift towards a more multi-polar world, the runaway debt situation here in the United States, the increasing deficits, the AI job replacements and the consumer credit crisis that is currently unfolding, All will need to be "solved" by turning on the money printers to levels they've never been pushed to before.

Weird times we're living in.

China's Manufacturing Dominance: Why It Matters for the U.S.

In my recent conversation with Lyn Alden, she highlighted how China has rapidly ascended the manufacturing value chain. As Lyn pointed out, China transformed from making "sneakers and plastic trinkets" to becoming the world's largest auto exporter in just four years. This dramatic shift represents more than economic success—it's a strategic power play. China now dominates solar panel production with greater market control than OPEC has over oil and maintains near-monopoly control of rare earth elements crucial for modern technology.

"China makes like 10 times more steel than the United States does... which is relevant in ship making. It's relevant in all sorts of stuff." - Lyn Alden

Perhaps most concerning, as Lyn emphasized, is China's financial leverage. They hold substantial U.S. assets that could be strategically sold to disrupt U.S. treasury market functioning. This combination of manufacturing dominance, resource control, and financial leverage gives China significant negotiating power in any trade disputes, making our attempts to reshoring manufacturing all the more challenging.

Check out the full podcast here for more on Triffin's dilemma, Bitcoin's role in monetary transition, and the energy requirements for rebuilding America's industrial base.

Headlines of the Day

Financial Times Under Fire Over MicroStrategy Bitcoin Coverage - via X

Trump in Qatar: Historic Boeing Deal Signed - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Johnson Backs Stock Trading Ban; Passage Chances Slim - via X

---

Take the First Step Off the Exchange

Bitkey is an easy, secure way to move your Bitcoin into self-custody. With simple setup and built-in recovery, it’s the perfect starting point for getting your coins off centralized platforms and into cold storage—no complexity, no middlemen.

Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code *“TFTC20”* during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed 158,469 sats | $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Building things of value is satisfying.

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@media screen and (max-width: 480px) { .mobile-padding { padding: 10px 0 !important; } .social-container { width: 100% !important; max-width: 260px !important; } .social-icon { padding: 0 !important; } .social-icon img { height: 32px !important; width: 32px !important; } .icon-cell { padding: 0 4px !import

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

---

Pregled sadržaja

1. Šta je blockchain?
2. Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Ukoliko niste pročitali naš uvodni tekst o Bitcoin-u, i zašto vam je važno da to učinite, onda prvo pročitajte: Šta je Bitcoin i kako on može da nam pomogne?

Bitcoin, sa velikim B na početku, odnosi se na mrežu računara koji održavaju knjigu stanja na akauntima bitcoin digitalne valute, slično kao što banke održavaju knjigu stanja na računima dolara, eura ili neke druge valute. Bitcoin softver, odnosno protokol, takođe omogućava korisnicima da putem interneta pošalju bitcoin-e sa svog akaunta na drugi akaunt, slično PayPal-u ili Venmo-u, ali bez kompanije koja pruža uslugu prenosa. Bitcoin softver je otvorenog koda, tako da svako može da ga pokrene na svom računaru i da se pridružiti mreži.

Najbolji način da se razume kako Bitcoin funkcioniše “iznutra” je da ga zamislimo kao finansijski sistem. Naš trenutni finansijski sistem, koji uglavnom koristi dolare, eure, dinare i druge valute kao „novac“, izgleda otprilike ovako:

Centralne banke i vlade proizvode i distribuiraju novac pozajmljujući ga ljudima, i trošeći ga na oružje, puteve i socijalne programe. Ovaj sistem se naziva sistemom zasnovanom na dugovima, jer svaki put kada banka da zajam, stvara se nova valuta koja ranije nije postojala. Ova valuta ima vrednost jer dug koji ju je stvorio ima vrednost: primalac zajma obećava da će otplatiti svoj dug banci, plus kamate.

Kad god banka odobri kredit, ona stvara novu valutu. Ovo takodje važi i kada podignete hipoteku ili kredit za auto. Takođe se primenjuje i kada Američke Federalne Rezerve kupuju državne obveznice od vlade Sjedinjenih Država. U svakom od ovih slučajeva, banka šalje novonastalu valutu primaocu zajma. Primaoc zajma obećava banci da će u budućnosti vratiti tu valutu, plus kamate. Međutim, ulaz nove valute u sistem znači i da opada vrednost postojeće valute koja je u opticaju. To se dešava kroz proces koji se obično naziva inflacija.

Da bi imali koristi od pogodnih usluga koje nude banke, poput kreditnih kartica i digitalnih transfera novca, normalni ljudi i preduzeća obično novac drže na bankovnim računima. Svaka banka poseduje svoju knjigu sa računima svih svojih klijenata.

Banke su neophodne da bi omogućile digitalna plaćanja koja vršimo svakodnevno, jer su nam potrebne pouzdane strane koje bi proverile da li se sav računovodstveni sistem sabira. U suprotnom, bilo bi lako da neko uradi “copy-paste“ jednog dela digitalnog novca i da ga potroši dva puta, ili da doda par nula na stanje svog računa.

Sada razumemo nekoliko ključnih tačaka o trenutnom sistemu zasnovanom na dugu: banke proizvode novu valutu svaki put kad pozajmljuju novac, a većina ljudi svoj novac čuva u bankama koje im nude pogodnosti.

Bitcoin je malo drugačiji. Hajde da započnemo ovo putovanje sa pitanjem.

Šta ako bi svi posedovali knjigu stanja na računima, baš kao i banka?

Umesto da banke poseduju po jednu knjigu depozita svojih klijenata, šta ako svi poseduju istu knjigu, sa detaljnim opisima svih stanja na računima svih učesnika u ekonomiji? O privatnosti ne morate da brinete ni na trenutak – to ćemo objasniti kasnije.

Hajde da vidimo kako bi transakcija mogla da se izvrši koristeći ovakav bankarski sistem. Recimo da Ana želi da plati Davidu 10 digitalnih „novčića“. Ona tu transakciju zapisuje u e-mail, potpisuje je digitalno kako bi svi bili sigurni da e-mail dolazi od stvarne Ane, i šalje ga svima ostalima. Kada ostali prime taj e-mail, oni ažuriraju svoje knjige, tako što skinu 10 novčića sa Aninog računa i dodaju 10 novčića na Davidov račun.

Zašto bi se neko trudio da evidentira transakciju u svojoj knjizi?

Recimo da će prva osoba koja izvrši sledeće korake dobiti 5 novčića:

1. Proverom da li je prava Ana potpisala transakciju
2. Proverom da li Ana ima dovoljno sredstava na svom računu da plati Davidu 10 novčića
3. Zapisivanje transakcije ukoliko ispunjava uslove 1) i 2)

Primetićete da se ovo mnogo razlikuje od trenutnog monetarnog sistema. U novom sistemu morate da imate novčiće da biste mogli da ih date nekom drugom. Ne postoje banke sa posebnim privilegijama koje mogu da stvore valutu davanjem zajma.

Umesto da dozvoljava samo maloj grupi bankara da prave nove valute, novi sistem omogućava svima da kreiraju novu valutu ako pružaju korisnu uslugu mreži: verifikovanje i evidentiranje transakcija između ljudi. Nazvaćemo ovo nagradom za potvrđivanje.

Kako se svi slože oko pravila sistema? Ona su kodirana u softverskom protokolu otvorenog koda. To znači da svako može besplatno da preuzme pravila sistema sa interneta i da počne da ih koristi za zaradu valute u sistemu. Ako svi koriste isti skup pravila, njihove knjige će se sinhronizovati, jer će prihvatiti i odbiti potpuno iste transakcije.

• Otvoreni kod = svako može da preuzme kod i da ga pročita
• Softverski protokol = skup pravila napisanih u kodu

Kako zaustaviti ljude koji pokušavaju da prevare sistem da bi zaradili “nagradu za potvrdu”?

Recimo da Boris i Marko žele da se obogate – oni bi mogli jedan drugom da plaćaju po jedan novčić u krug, vodeći računa da neko od njih prvi zabeleži transakciju kako bi mogli da zahtevaju nagradu za potvrdu. Pomoću ove šeme oni bi u osnovi mogli da stvore (odštampaju) novu valutu, kad god oni to požele!

Softverski protokol to zaustavlja zahtevajući da osoba koja validira transakciju uradi neki „posao“ sa računarom kako bi je zabeležila. Ovo osigurava da računari moraju da troše energiju za zabeležavanje transakcija, pa bi u tom slučaju varanje sistema bilo veoma skupo. Borisova i Markova šema varanja sistema više nema finansijskog smisla. Da bismo demonstrirali ovaj proces, pogledajmo Filipa i njegov C-Bot računar. Filip je na svoj računar instalirao Bitcoin protokol, koji predstavlja Bitcoin-ov softverski protokol otvorenog koda koji sadrži pravila Bitcoin sistema.

Kako C-Bot Verifikuje Transakcije

Korak 1: Slušanje transakcija

Prvo, C-Bot sluša transakcije (skraćeno “txn”) koje Ana, Boris, Marko i David emituju putem interneta.

Korak 2: Stvara “Heš”

Drugo, C-Bot će prikupiti sledeće delove podataka:

• Sve Bitcoin transakcije koje ljudi šalju
• Tajni broj (objasnićemo kasnije)
• Nonce – neki slučajan broj

C-Bot sve ovo stavlja u heš mašinu. Mašina za heširanje uzima sve ove podatke i proizvodi 256 bitova (bitovi su 1 i 0) koji se jedinstveno uklapaju u te podatke, nazvane ‘heš’. To heširanje je poput otiska prsta podataka. Uvek ćete dobiti isti heš sa istim ulaznim podacima. Mašina za heširanje je takođe jednosmerna: lako je stvoriti heš od nekih podataka, ali ne možete da stavite heš u mašinu i da vratite ulazne podatke.

C-Bot će iznova isprobavati svoju heš mašinu sa drugim nonce-om (slučajnim brojem). Svaki put, on će proveriti da li je mašina proizvela heš za koji Bitcoin softverski protokol kaže da je tačan.

Ovaj proces pronalaženja heša troši puno vremena i energije. Mašina za heširanje je jednosmerna, tako da C-Bot ne može tek tako da stavi ‘tačan’ heš u mašinu i otkrije ulazne podatke. Svaki računar na Bitcoin mreži takođe prolazi kroz ovaj proces pokušavajući da pronađe ‘ispravan’ heš.

Ukoliko bi ovi računari uspeli da pronađu ‘ispravan’ heš bez velikog trošenja energije, mogli bi da prevare sistem. Dva računara bi mogla da prosleđuju transakcije u krug, zarađujući bitcoin-e svaki put kada bi potvrdili transakciju.

Korak 3: Pronalaženje Ispravnog Heša

C-Bot konačno pronalazi heš koji zadovoljava pravila Bitcoin protokola koristeći sve nedavne transakcije. Sada ovaj blok podataka šalje na druge računare. Blok se sastoji od nedavnih transakcija, nonce-a i tajnog broja. Ti drugi računari stavljaju sve ove podatke kroz istu heš mašinu za sebe, da bi proverili da li je heširanje tog C-Bota tačno. S obzirom da znamo da računari ne mogu da varaju u ovoj igri, znamo da je C-Bot morao da izvrši neka izračunavanja sa svojom heš mašinom da bi pronašao ispravan heš.

Heš bloka C-Bota koji je poslat, sada postaje tajni broj koji ulazi u izračunavanje sledećeg bloka. Budući da heš svakog bloka u ‘blockchain-u’ bitcoin-a koristi heš poslednjeg bloka kao ulaz, bila bi potrebna apsurdna količina energije da se prepiše istorija transakcija (lanac blokova, eng. the blockchain)

Budući da se svačija stanja bitcoin-a zasnivaju na transakcijama na i sa njihovih računa, to takođe onemogućava izmenu bilo čijih stanja bitcoin-a.

Čitav ovaj proces poznat je pod nazivom rudarenje bitcoin-a. Svaki računar na mreži pokušava da proba nove podatke kroz heš mašinu, bilione puta u sekundi.

Šta je blockchain?

Blockchain predstavlja istoriju Bitcoin transakcija, koja omogućava bilo kome da utvrdi svoje Bitcoin stanje.

• ‘Block – Blok’ = Grupa Bitcoin transakcija, nonce-a i heša prethodnog bloka
• ‘Chain – Lanac’ = Heš svakog bloka takođe koristi heš prethodnog bloka kao ulaz. Ovo povezuje podatke svakog bloka sa svakim drugim blokom, stvarajući chain – lanac.

Na blockchain-u, prava imena nisu povezana sa bitcoin-ima. Bitcoin-i su povezani samo sa slučajnim nizom brojeva i slova poznatim kao ‘javni ključ’. Ovo korisnike Bitcoin-a i njihova stanja čini poprilično anonimnima za sve koji vode knjigu.

Kada posedujete bitcoin-e, vi imate password za otključavanje vaših bitcoin bankovnih računa. Ovi računi postoje na hiljadama računara širom sveta koji pokreću Bitcoin protokol.

Kako mogu da saznam više o Bitcoin-u?

Ovaj članak vam je dao razumevanje o tome kako funkcioniše Bitcoin protokol i kako se osiguravaju njegova neverovatna svojstva.

Ako želite da saznate više, preporučujem vam ove izvore:

• Šta je Bitcoin i kako on može da nam pomogne?
• Zašto baš Bitcoin?

Ako vam se sviđa moj rad, molim vas da ga podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom. Cilj mi je da svima pružim pogled u ekonomiju i na to kako ona utiče na njihov život.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Federal employees must remove pronouns from email signatures by the end of the day. This directive comes from internal memos tied to two executive orders signed by Donald Trump. The orders target diversity and equity programs within the government.

CDC, Department of Transportation, and Department of Energy employees were affected. Staff were instructed to make changes in line with revised policy prohibiting certain language.

One CDC employee shared frustration, stating, “In my decade-plus years at CDC, I've never been told what I can and can't put in my email signature.” The directive is part of a broader effort to eliminate DEI initiatives from federal discourse.

@ 0fa80bd3:ea7325de

The land that belongs to the indigenous peoples of Russia has been seized by a gang of killers who have unleashed a war of extermination. They wipe out anyone who refuses to conform to their rules. Those who disagree and stay behind are tortured and killed in prisons and labor camps. Those who flee lose their homeland, dissolve into foreign cultures, and fade away. And those who stand up to protect their people are attacked by the misled and deceived. The deceived die for the unchecked greed of a single dictator—thousands from both sides, people who just wanted to live, raise their kids, and build a future.

Now, they are forced to make an impossible choice: abandon their homeland or die. Some perish on the battlefield, others lose themselves in exile, stripped of their identity, scattered in a world that isn’t theirs.

There’s been endless debate about how to fix this, how to clear the field of the weeds that choke out every new sprout, every attempt at change. But the real problem? We can’t play by their rules. We can’t speak their language or use their weapons. We stand for humanity, and no matter how righteous our cause, we will not multiply suffering. Victory doesn’t come from matching the enemy—it comes from staying ahead, from using tools they haven’t mastered yet. That’s how wars are won.

Our only resource is the will of the people to rewrite the order of things. Historian Timothy Snyder once said that a nation cannot exist without a city. A city is where the most active part of a nation thrives. But the cities are occupied. The streets are watched. Gatherings are impossible. They control the money. They control the mail. They control the media. And any dissent is crushed before it can take root.

So I started asking myself: How do we stop this fragmentation? How do we create a space where people can rebuild their connections when they’re ready? How do we build a self-sustaining network, where everyone contributes and benefits proportionally, while keeping their freedom to leave intact? And more importantly—how do we make it spread, even in occupied territory?

In 2009, something historic happened: the internet got its own money. Thanks to Satoshi Nakamoto, the world took a massive leap forward. Bitcoin and decentralized ledgers shattered the idea that money must be controlled by the state. Now, to move or store value, all you need is an address and a key. A tiny string of text, easy to carry, impossible to seize.

That was the year money broke free. The state lost its grip. Its biggest weapon—physical currency—became irrelevant. Money became purely digital.

The internet was already a sanctuary for information, a place where people could connect and organize. But with Bitcoin, it evolved. Now, value itself could flow freely, beyond the reach of authorities.

Think about it: when seedlings are grown in controlled environments before being planted outside, they get stronger, survive longer, and bear fruit faster. That’s how we handle crops in harsh climates—nurture them until they’re ready for the wild.

Now, picture the internet as that controlled environment for ideas. Bitcoin? It’s the fertile soil that lets them grow. A testing ground for new models of interaction, where concepts can take root before they move into the real world. If nation-states are a battlefield, locked in a brutal war for territory, the internet is boundless. It can absorb any number of ideas, any number of people, and it doesn’t run out of space.

But for this ecosystem to thrive, people need safe ways to communicate, to share ideas, to build something real—without surveillance, without censorship, without the constant fear of being erased.

This is where Nostr comes in.

Nostr—"Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays"—is more than just a messaging protocol. It’s a new kind of city. One that no dictator can seize, no corporation can own, no government can shut down.

It’s built on decentralization, encryption, and individual control. Messages don’t pass through central servers—they are relayed through independent nodes, and users choose which ones to trust. There’s no master switch to shut it all down. Every person owns their identity, their data, their connections. And no one—no state, no tech giant, no algorithm—can silence them.

In a world where cities fall and governments fail, Nostr is a city that cannot be occupied. A place for ideas, for networks, for freedom. A city that grows stronger the more people build within it.

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Marques

Saling est une marque allemande qui crée des vêtements, du linge de maison et des peluches et doudous en laine vierge et coton biologique pour les bébés et les enfants, ainsi que des cosmétiques naturelles à base de lait de brebis.

Matières naturelles utilisées dans les produits

• Coton (biologique)
• Laine (vierge)

⚠️ Attention, certains produits de cette marque contiennent des matières non naturelles, dont :

• Acrylique
• Polyamides, nylon

Catégories de produits proposés

Cette marque propose des produits intégralement en matière naturelle dans les catégories suivantes :

#Vêtements - Tailles vêtements : bébés - Tête et mains : moufles

#Chaussures - Tailles chaussures : chaussures bébé - Chaussons : botillons - Accessoires de chaussures : semelles

#Maison - Linge : couvertures, turbulettes

#Accessoires - Jeux et jouets : doudous-peluches

#Matériaux - Couture et tricot : laine à tricoter

Autres informations

• Fabriqué en Allemagne
• Fabriqué en Europe

👉 En savoir plus sur le site de la marque

Où trouver leurs produits ?

• Lilinappy (zone de livraison : France et international)
• Le mouton à lunettes (zone de livraison : France, Belgique, Luxembourg)

---

📝 Tu peux contribuer à cette fiche en suggérant une modification en commentaire.

🗣️ Tu utilises des produits de cette marque ? Partage ton avis en commentaire.

⚡ Heureu-x-se de trouver cette information ? Soutiens le projet en faisant un don pour remercier les contribut-eur-ice-s.

@ 4fa5d1c4:fd6c6e41

Im Rahmen unseres Workshops möchte ich auf zwei inspirierende Beiträge von Frau Schütze hinweisen und dich einladen, deren Ansätze für die religionsbezogene Bildung weiterzudenken. Die beiden Ausgangspunkte sind:

1. Werkstattbericht: KI-Bilder im Ethik/Philosophie-Unterricht\ In diesem Beitrag beschreibt Frau Schütze, wie sie mithilfe verschiedener KI-Modelle (Midjourney, DALL·E, Ideogram.ai) Bilder generiert, um Schülerinnen und Schüler zum Nachdenken über philosophische und ethische Theorien anzuregen. So wurden zum Beispiel KI-Bilder erstellt, die eine Glückstheorie illustrieren, oder symbolische Darstellungen zum ontologischen und kosmologischen Gottesbeweis (etwa das „größte denkbare Wesen“ bzw. den Laplaceschen Dämon). Dabei erfahren die Lernenden nicht nur einen visuellen Zugang zu abstrakten Gedankenexperimenten, sondern reflektieren zugleich die Grenzen und Tücken von KI-gestützter Bildbeschreibung und -verarbeitung.\ https://frauschuetze.de/?p=7946

2. Rollenkarten Moralphilosophie / angewandte Ethik\ Hier stellt Frau Schütze Rollenkarten vor, die sie für den Oberstufenunterricht entwickelt hat, um Diskussionen zur angewandten Ethik zu strukturieren. Die Karten enthalten Porträts wichtiger Moralphilosophinnen (z. B. Diogenes, Spaemann) und weitere Rollen wie Hinterfragerinnen oder Zweifler*innen, die sich schnell in Fallanalysen, Fishbowl-Formate oder Philosophencafés einbringen lassen. Die Porträts wurden ebenfalls mit Midjourney erstellt, wobei die Prompts konkret beschreiben, wie die Figuren dargestellt werden sollen (z. B. „xxx as a character in a fantasy story, portrait“).\ https://frauschuetze.de/?p=7640

---

Übertragung auf die religionsbezogene Bildung

Für religionsbezogene Bildungsszenarien eröffnen sich hier viele spannende Möglichkeiten. Im Folgenden findest du ein paar Ideenimpulse, wie du KI-Bilder und Rollenkarten gezielt einsetzen kannst, um religiöse Fragen, Traditionen und Identitäten in den Mittelpunkt zu rücken:

1. KI-Bilder zur Visualisierung religiöser Konzepte

2. Symbolik und Ikonographie erschließen\ Nutze KI-Modelle, um die Symbolwelten verschiedener Religionen (z. B. Christentum, Islam, Buddhismus, Hinduismus) visuell zu erkunden. Überlege: Wie lässt sich das Kreuz in unterschiedlichen Stilrichtungen (klassisch, modern, abstrakt) darstellen? Welche Bildwelten entstehen, wenn du nach einer fusionierten Ikonographie fragst, die christliche, buddhistische und indigene Symbole kombiniert? Durch den kreativen Prozess mit KI lernst du, welche Metaphern und Traditionen hinter religiösen Zeichen stehen und wie sie – bewusst oder unbewusst – von Algorithmen interpretiert werden. Dabei kannst du auch die Grenzen von KI thematisieren: Welche Vorurteile oder Fehldeutungen schleichen sich in die Bildgenerierung ein, wenn religiöse Themen verarbeitet werden?

3. Gedankenexperimente zu Gott und Transzendenz\ Analog zu den KI-Bildern für Gottesbeweise könntest du Aufgaben stellen wie:

   1. „Erstelle ein KI-Bild, das die Idee von Theodizee visuell darstellt.“

   2. „Lass die KI eine Szene generieren, in der gläubige und atheistische Perspektiven im Dialog stehen.“\ Anschließend diskutierst du mit der Gruppe, inwiefern die Bilder die jeweiligen Konzepte treffend abbilden oder eher stereotyp und eindimensional bleiben. Auf diese Weise vermittelst du nicht nur Content-Wissen, sondern entwickel auch die Medienkompetenz, indem du Fragen nach Intention, Deutungshoheit und algorithmischer Verzerrung aufwirfst.

4. Rollenkarten für religiöse Perspektiven und Diskussionsformate

5. Personen aus religiösen Traditionen als Rollen\ Statt ausschließlich Moralphilosophinnen zu berücksichtigen, kannst du Rollenkarten mit Porträts von Religionsstifterinnen (z. B. Jesus von Nazareth, Maria, Mohammed, Buddha, Krishna), Reformern (Martin Luther, Savonarola) oder zeitgenössischen Theolog*innen (z. B. Dorothee Sölle) gestalten. Die KI-gestützten Bilder können dabei in unterschiedlichen künstlerischen Stilrichtungen entstehen – von historischer Malerei bis hin zu zeitgenössischer Street-Art-Adaption. Jede Rolle enthält einen kurzen Steckbrief mit zentralen Glaubensvorstellungen, biografischen Eckpunkten und einem charakteristischen Argument oder Zitat. So kannst du die Lernenden in Rollendebatten schicken, etwa:

   • „Wie würde Luther heute auf die Klimakrise blicken?“

   • „Welche theologische Argumentation könnte Dorothee Sölle zum Thema Gewaltlosigkeit einbringen?“

6. Szenarien für kontroverse Debatten

   1. Religiöse Vielfalt versus Säkularismus\ Verteilt Karten, in denen Rollen wie „konservativer Christ“, „liberaler Muslim“, „selbstbewusste/r Konfessionslose/r“, „Theologieprofessor/in“ oder „politische/r Aktivist/in“ eingenommen werden. Die KI-Porträts unterstützen die Visualisierung, verleihen den Rollen ein Gesicht und erleichtern das Einfühlen in andere Perspektiven.

7. Interaktive Formate im Religionsunterricht

8. Glaubenscafé (analog zum Philosophencafé)\ In Kleingruppen diskutiert ihr verschiedene Glaubenspositionen. KI-Bilder dienen als Ausgangspunkt: Ein Bild, das etwa die Drei-Tage-Phase von Tod und Auferstehung Jesu künstlerisch darstellt, oder ein generiertes Motiv zu einem hinduistischen Fest (z. B. Holi), wird an die Wand projiziert. Anschließend reflektiert ihr gemeinsam: Welche Emotionen, Symbole, Bedeutungen nehmt ihr wahr? Danach schlüpft ihr in Rollenkarten (z. B. theologische/r Fachreferent/in, Religionskritiker/in, Gemeindemitglied) und erarbeitet Positionen, die ihr in einem moderierten Glaubenscafé präsentiert.

9. Fishbowl-Diskussionen\ Nutzt Rollenkarten zu religionsspezifischen Rollen (z. B. Rabbiner/in, Pfarrerin, Atheist/in, Kleriker/in einer traditionellen Religion, spirituelle/r Influencer/in) für eine Fishbowl-Diskussion zum Thema „Sinnsuche in der Postmoderne“. Die KI-Bilder dienen zu Beginn als visuelle Reize: „Welche Elemente im Bild sprechen für Spiritualität, welche eher für Skepsis?“ So wird die Distanz zwischen digitaler Darstellung und gelebter religiöser Erfahrung erlebbar.

10. Methodische Hinweise und Reflexion

11. Prompt-Kompetenz schulen\ Wie schon im Ethikunterricht festgestellt, erfordert das präzise Beschreiben von Bildwünschen viel Übung. Die Lernenden lernen, welche Schlüsselbegriffe notwendig sind und wie kulturelle Vorannahmen in Prompts stecken bleiben. Im religionspädagogischen Kontext könnt ihr dies gezielt thematisieren: Wie formuliert man z. B. den Prompt „Stelle eine friedvolle interreligiöse Konferenz zwischen Christentum, Islam und Judentum dar“ so, dass keine Stereotype reproduziert werden?

12. Ethik des Bilderzeugens\ Diskutiert gemeinsam, inwiefern KI-Bilder beim Umgang mit heiklen religiösen Themen (z. B. Darstellungen des Propheten Mohammed im Islam) kulturelle oder religiöse Grenzen überschreiten können. Legt zusammen ethische Leitlinien fest, bevor ihr KI zur Bildproduktion nutzt: Welche religiösen Bilder sind "sakrosankt", welche dürfen manipuliert werden und was bedeutet das für Religionsfreiheit und Respekt?

13. Reflexion über Urheberrecht und OER\ Wie Frau Schütze in den Rollenkarten-Anleitungen betont, sind ihre Materialien unter CC-BY-Lizenz verfügbar. Erörtert, was es bedeutet, religiöse Bild- und Textmaterialien unter Open-Content-Lizenzen zu verwenden und welche Implikationen das für Schule, Gemeinde und Zivilgesellschaft hat. Das sensibilisiert für Fragen von Teilhabe und Gemeineigentum im digitalen Raum.

---

Einladung zum Weiterdenken

Ich lade dich herzlich ein, die vorgestellten Methoden und Materialien in eigenen Projekten auszuprobieren und weiterzuentwickeln. Diskutiere in Kleingruppen oder in einer offenen Runde:

• Welche religiösen Themen lassen sich besonders gut mit KI-Bildern visualisieren?\ Beispiele: Zehn Gebote, Fastenrituale, Schöpfungsmythen, Visionen von Heiligen oder Heiligenschauen. Welche Prompts würdest du verwenden, um diese Szenen zu erzeugen?

• Wie könnten Rollenkarten zu spezifischen religiösen Traditionen aussehen?\ Entwickle gemeinsam mit anderen kurze Steckbriefe und Bildprompts für Rollen wie „Sufi-Derwisch“, „Gottesleugner/in der Aufklärung“, „Ökumenische/r Pastor/in“, „Religionspädagog*in“, „Katholischer Laienbruder“ oder „Jüdische Rabbinerin“. Achte dabei auf unterschiedliche religiöse Sichtweisen und Geschlechterperspektiven.

• Welche Herausforderungen ergeben sich beim Einsatz von KI-Bildern im Religionsunterricht?\ Erörtert mögliche Missverständnisse, kulturelle Fehlinterpretationen oder ethische Konflikte (z. B. pietätslose Darstellungen von Figuren, die in bestimmten Glaubensgemeinschaften als heilig gelten). Entwickelt gemeinsam Kriterien oder einen Leitfaden, um solche Risiken zu minimieren.

• Wie lassen sich interreligiöse Dialoge durch digitale Methoden fördern?\ Gebt Impulse, wie man mit KI-Bildern und Rollenkarten einen „virtuellen Tempelraum“ gestalten kann, in dem Symbole unterschiedlicher Religionen nebeneinanderstehen und zu Dialog anregen. Welche Fragen stellen sich dabei hinsichtlich Toleranz, Respekt und theologischer Pluralität?

---

Zusammenfassung und Ausblick

Die beiden Beiträge von Frau Schütze bieten hervorragende Grundlagen, um im religionsbezogenen Unterricht visuelle und interaktive Zugänge zu schaffen. Durch KI-Bilder gewinnen die Teilnehmenden neue Zugänge zu Symbolik, Theodizee und Gottesvorstellungen, während Rollenkarten Dialogkompetenz und Empathie für unterschiedliche religiöse Perspektiven stärken. Diese Ideenimpulse sollen dich ermutigen, die Methoden selbst zu erproben und weiterzuentwickeln. Im digitalen Zeitalter können wir so das gemeinsame Lernen und interkulturelle Verständnis gerade im sensiblen Feld der Religionsbildung bereichern.

Ich freue mich auf deine kreativen Umsetzungen und den Austausch über Erfahrungen, Herausforderungen und Fortschritte in diesem spannenden Feld!Antworte gerne auf diesen Beitrag und kommentiere mit deinen Gedanken und Assoziationen oder poste selbst etwas als Impuls, das andere anregt und weiterverwendet werden darf mit dem Hashtag #relilab.\ \ Template: Avery Re https://opengameart.org/content/trading-card-template unter der Lizenz CC-by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de / Einige Texte und Bezeichnungen von Frank Schlegel https://digitaldurstig.de/rollenkarten/ unter der Lizenz CC-by-SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de\ Lizenz: cc-by-sa 4.0 / frauschuetze.de / Juli 2023

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Sky Map (it's free and open source)
2. Launch the app and tap Accept, then tap OK
3. When asked to access the device's location, tap While Using The App
4. Tap somewhere on the screen to activate the menu, then tap ⁝ and select Settings
5. Disable Send Usage Statistics
6. Return to the main screen and enjoy stargazing!

ℹ️ Use the 🔍 icon in the upper toolbar to search for a specific celestial body, or tap the 👁️ icon to activate night mode

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

---

Pregled sadržaja

1. Koji Bitcoin Novčanici su Dostupni?
2. Šta je Mnemonic Oporavak ili Seed Fraza sa 12 ili 24 Reči?
3. Kako Čuvati Seed Frazu
4. Saveti za Osiguravanje Vaše Seed Fraze
5. Šta će se Desiti sa Vašim Bitcoin-om Nakon što Umrete?
6. Kako Koristite Seed Frazu za Oporavak Vašeg Novčanika?
7. Ako je Vaša Seed Fraza Sigurna, Biće i Vaša Sredstava!

Za one koji tek ulaze u igru sa kriptovalutama, šansa da vaša Bitcoin sredstva ne budu sigurna i zaštićena može biti pomalo zastrašujuća. Srećom, postoji mnogo user-friendly Bitcoin novčanika, i svaki od njih ima izvrsnu funkciju rezervne kopije, koja vam omogućava trenutan povraćaj Bitcoin sredstava, ako vaš uređaj na kome se nalazi novčanik ikada bude zagubljen ili izgubljen. Ova funkcija, poznata kao „seed fraza“, ili seed fraza za oporavak, predstavlja jedinstveni niz reči koje će vaš novčanik generisati, i koje deluju kao password za vaše lične Bitcoin podatke. Ovaj skup reči omogućava trenutni povraćaj vaših bitcoin sredstava.

Iako možete lako zapostaviti svoju seed frazu, misleći da ćete se kasnije pozabaviti sa njom, uvek je najbolje biti proaktivan kada je reč o osiguranju zaštite vaše fraze za oporavak. Fraza za oporavak je vaša rezervna kopija – pa iako vam neće trebati svaki dan, biće kritična u slučaju da vam se novčanik pokvari. Takođe, fraza za oporavak može da omogući svima pristup vašem bitcoin-u, pa je zato veoma važno da se ona čuva na sigurnom.

U ovom članku, prikazaću vam:

1. Spisak glavnih Bitcoin hardware novčanika koje možete koristiti za skladištenje vaših Bitcoin-a.
2. Sveobuhvatan pregled mnogih metoda koje možete koristiti za čuvanje vaše seed fraze
3. Razne prednosti i mane za svaku od njih
4. Saveti koje možete da koristite da biste maksimizirali ukupnu sigurnost svoje seed fraze
5. Kako sigurno čuvati vašu seed frazu
6. Kako proslediti svoj Bitcoin u slučaju vaše smrti

Kada završite sa čitanjem, trebalo bi da ste na dobrom putu da čuvate svoju seed frazu koristeći najsigurnija i najpouzdanija dostupna sredstva, obezbeđujući najveću zaštitu svojih Bitcoin sredstava bez obzira na to šta se sa vama ili vašim digitalnim uređajima dogodi u budućnosti. Za početak ćemo dati brzi pregled hardware novčanika i šta tačno predstavlja fraza za oporavak.

Koji Bitcoin Novčanici su Dostupni?

Ispod ćete pronaći listu od nekoliko najpopularnijih novčanika koji su dostupni danas. Softverski novčanici rade na vašem telefonu ili računaru, dok su hardware novčanici namenski delovi hardvera (poput specijalizovanog fleš diska) koji omogućavaju lak i siguran pristup vašem bitcoin-u uz jaku sigurnost.

Hardware (poput specijalizovanog USB fleš diska) i Software (na vašem telefonu ili računaru)

Svaki od ovih novčanika će vam dati seed frazu, koja se sastoji od 12 ili 24 reči, što će vam omogućiti pristup svim bitcoin adresama povezanim sa vašim novčanikom – a samim tim i svim vašim sredstvima.

Šta je Mnemonic Oporavak ili Seed Fraza sa 12 ili 24 Reči?

Najjednostavnije rečeno, seed fraza je niz određenih reči u kojima se nalaze sve potrebne informacije kako bi se u potpunosti povratila vaša Bitcoin sredstva. Koji god novčanik odlučite da koristite, generisaće jedinstvenu seed frazu, posebno za vas, a taj softver će vas uputiti da čuvate seed frazu na neki način, gde će biti dostupna u slučaju nužde. Seed fraza će biti jedinstvena i obično sadrži od 12 ili 24 reči, od kojih se neke mogu ponoviti. Pre nego što sačuvate seed frazu, pročitajte odeljak 4) sa našim savetima!

Seed fraza omogućava pristup vašim bitcoin sredstvima svima koji je poseduju- omogućavajući vam da povratite sredstava ako vam se novčanik pokvari, ili omogućavajući lopovu da dobije pristup vašim bitcoin-ima.

To čini vašu seed frazu vrednom poput zlatne poluge. Zbog toga je pravilno čuvanje vaše seed fraze veoma važno – morate uravnotežiti lak način oporavka i sigurnost protiv krađe i hakovanja. Međutim, s obzirom da je vaša seed fraza samo niz reči, ona se može snimati i skladištiti na mnogo jednostavniji način (i mnogo jeftinije!) od zlatne poluge – čineći je potencijalno mnogo sigurnijom.

Primarna svrha seed fraze je da ima neku vrstu fizičkog sredstva za povraćaj Bitcoin sredstava ako vas izneveri novčanik. To uključuje ako vam se sruši sistem na računaru, ako vam se ošteti hard disk, izgubite telefon ili razbijete hardware novčanik – u svakom slučaju gde vaš novčanik postane nepristupačan.

Seed fraze zasnivaju se na specifikacijama otvorenog koda kompatibilnim sa Bitcoin protokolom, što znači da dok god imate svoju seed frazu, možete koristiti mnoge druge vrste novčanika da biste povratili pristup svom bitcoin-u. Recimo da danas posedujete Trezor, ali za 10 godina vam se uređaj pokvari ili Trezor prestane da posluje – možete jednostavno kupiti drugačiji hardware novčanik ili skinuti novčanik na svoj telefon, i pomoću svoje seed fraze povratiti pristup svojim bitcoin-ima.

Kako seed fraza funkcioniše?

Seed fraze funkcionišu slično kao i bilo koji drugi oblik koda, pri čemu svaka reč predstavlja numeričku vrednost koju novčanik razume. Fraze se generišu nasumično na osnovu unapred određene baze reči. Iako ponekad imate mogućnost da smislite sopstvenu seed frazu, omogućavanje novčaniku da generiše seed frazu je najbolja opcija za vašu sigurnost.

Jedna od prednosti koja je svojstvena prirodi seed fraza je ta što se u njima koriste stvarne prepoznatljive reči na engleskom jeziku koje se mogu izvesti i upamtiti bez obzira na male greške kao rezultat ružnog rukopisa. Ovo je suprotno od mnogih drugih nasumično generisanih passworda, gde svaki karakter mora biti jasno čitljiv da bi se password mogao pravilno kreirati, jer su oni jednostavno niz slučajnih karaktera. Stoga seed fraze imaju i prednosti randomizacije, kao i prednosti lako prepoznatljivih i uobičajenih reči.

Zašto Niko Ne Može da Predpostavi Seed Frazu?

Mogli biste da pomislite da bi niz od 24 reči možda bio lak nekome da ga pretpostavi, ili da bi nekome bilo isplativo da napravi računarski ciklus mogućih kombinacija, dok ne pronadje novčanik koji sadrži neke bitcoin-e kako bi mogao da ih ukrade.

Reči za frazu za oporavak ili seed frazu dolaze sa liste koja se sastoji od 2048 reči – pa čak i seed od 12 reči za Bitcoin novčanik ima 2048^12 kombinacija ili 2^132. Procenjuje se da u univerzumu postoji 10^21 zvezda, pa je nepotrebno reći da ovo predstavlja mnogo mogućih kombinacija. Čak i kada bi svaki čovek na Zemlji danas imao 1.000.000 novčanika (čak i bez adresa), to bi iznosilo samo 7.800.000.000.000.000 novčanika – što je oko 2^53. Ovo čini negde oko polovine mogućih kombinacija, ali to bi sakrilo snagu eksponencijalnog rasta.

Kada bi svi na svetu imali po 1.000.000 bitcoin novčanika, mi bismo i dalje koristili samo 0.000000000000000000000001654% od svih mogućih novčanika. To je neuporedivo teže nego pronaći jedno određeno zrno peska u celokupnom pesku koji se nalazi na Zemlji.

Čak i taj pronalazak određenog zrna peska na ovoj plaži bila bi kao šetnja parkom nasuprot pogađanju bilo koje random seed fraze.

Dakle, prilično je sigurno reći da niko uskoro neće pokušati da pogadja bitcoin novčanike. Bila bi potrebna vojska računara i veoma dugačak vremenski period da se pronadje samo jedan novčanik sa sredstvima u tom prostranstvu.

Kako Čuvati Seed Frazu

Neverovatno je važno kako zapisujete i skladištite svoju seed frazu, s obzirom na ogromnu količinu moći koju će oni koji je poseduju imati nad vašim Bitcoin sredstvima. Takođe, budući da je poenta seed fraze da bude lako dostupna gde i kada vam zatreba, čuvanje na nekom sigurnom, ali i pristupačnom mestu, je neophodno. Specifična metoda koju koristite za transkripciju vaše seed fraze je takođe važna, bez obzira na to kako se čuva, jer se neke metode transkripcije pokazale mnogo sigurnijim od drugih.

Pogledajte naš odeljak sa savetima, pre nego što zapišete svoju seed frazu!

Preporučujemo vam da fizički sačuvate svoju seed frazu nakon što vam je softver ili hardware novčanik isporuči. Fizičko skladištenje čini vašu seed frazu manje otvorenom za hakere koji bi mogli da vam ukradu frazu za oporavak iz digitalne memorije vašeg računara ili pametnog telefona.. Međutim, mnogi ljudi će i dalje odabrati neki oblik digitalnih sredstava za čuvanje svojih seed fraza, bilo zato što je to dominantno sredstvo ili jednostavno kao dodatni oblik rezervne kopije. Hajde da pogledajmo kako fizička, a tako i digitalna sredstva koja možete koristiti za čuvanje vaše seed fraze, kako se ona koriste, i specifične prednosti i nedostatke svake od njih.

Zapisivanje Vaše Seed fraze – na Papiru ili Digitalno

Zapisivanje Vaše Seed Fraze na Papir

Naravno, najočigledniji metod unošenja vaše digitalne seed fraze u fizički svet je isti onaj metod koji biste obično koristili za unošenje bilo kog drugog oblika pisanja u fizički svet – olovkom i papirom. Jednostavno zapisivanje vaše seed fraze na papir u potpunosti može biti dovoljno da vam pruži sigurnost koju želite. Međutim, postoje neka upozorenja oko upotrebe olovke i papira koja ovu najjednostavniju metodu čine ne baš tako idealnom za čuvanje nečega toliko važnog kao što je seed fraza.

Kao prvo, sam papir je lako uništiv, a o mastilu da i ne govorimo. U slučaju poplave ili požara, papir će biti uništen, što znači da će i vaša seed fraza biti uništena zajedno sa njim. Naravno, ovo su loše vesti i za svakoga ko verovatno gubi i sav svoj hardver i opremu u požaru ili poplavi. Kao drugu stvar, papir je neverovatno lako zagubiti. Može se oduvati, pomešati sa otpadom ili jednostavno pomešati sa nečim drugim i negde izgubiti, i nikada ga više nećete videti. Iz ovih i više drugih razloga, oni koji žele da zapišu svoju seed frazu u fizički svet, često traže sredstva koja su izdržljivija i trajnija od papira.

Graviranje Vaše Seed Fraze na Čeličnoj Back-Up Ploči

Back-up ploče od nerđajućeg čelika su stvorene kako bi korisnici Bitcoin-a imali način da trajnije urežu svoje seed fraze u fizički svet od puke olovke i papira. Napravljene su od nerđajućeg čelika, na koje se vaša seed fraza može trajno urezati. Budući da je gravura napravljena na čeliku, ona će u slučaju požara ili poplave moći da traje mnogo duže od papira. Ploča može biti bilo šta, od male kartice koju možete držati u novčaniku do većeg komada koji se može trajno čuvati kod kuće ili u sefu.

Bilo koju veličinu pločice da izaberete, možete je kupiti zajedno sa alatima za samograviranje (koji nisu uvek u kompletu), što znači da korisnik ne mora da deli svoju seed frazu sa onima od kojih je kupio ploču. Budući da su ove ploče stvorene posebno za potrebe izdržavanja katastrofe, obično sadrže brojne garancije o njihovoj trajnosti, otporne su na bilo koje elemenate koje možete baciti na njih, od vode do vatre, kao i od prekomernog korišćenja i habanja.

Što se tiče back-up ploča od nerđajućeg čelika, svaki proizvođač nudi svoj jedinstveni spin. Pogledajmo 5 najboljih proizvođača back-up ploča od nerđajućeg čelika na tržištu i da vidimo kako su se pokazali:

Cryptosteel

Sa sedištem u Velikoj Britaniji, Cryptosteel nudi čelične „Kapsule“ i „Kasete“ sa cenom u eurima, s tim da je kapsula približno veličine laserskog pokazivača, a kaseta je veličine, pa, kasete. Kapsula košta 74 eura, a kaseta 108 eura, mada se nude popusti za velike narudžbine. Umesto da zahtevaju gravuru, svaka Kaseta ili Kapsula dolazi sa odredjenom količinom čeličnih pločica koje se mogu staviti prema redosledu vaše seed fraze.

Cena Rezervne Kopije Jedne Seed Fraze: 74 eura

CryptoSteel Shop

Blockplate

Blockplate nudi čelične back-up ploče po ceni od 69 USD za dve – svaka ploča sadrži 12 reči. Njihove verzija jedne ploče, koja izgleda identično, košta 49 USD po paru. Potpuno četvrtaste i malo manje od podmetača, ove ploče vam omogućavaju da svoju seed frazu sačuvate na mreži koristeći samo prosti udarac u sredinu, nisu potrebne pločice sa slovima.

Cena Rezervne Kopije Jedne Seed Fraze: $49 (plus metalna igla za 10 $, ako vam treba)

Block Plate Shop

Hodlinox

Coldbit nudi heavy-duty kartice sa futrolama po ceni od 69 eura i setove za graviranje za dodatnih 20 eura. Takođe se možete odlučiti da sami uradite graviranje pomoću alata koji imate kod kuće, a koji može urezati čelik, poput dijamantske Dremel burgije. Oslanjajući se na čistu doslovnu transkripciju sličnu Hodlinox pločama, ove ploče ipak nude malo veću zaštitu i neke sjajne dizajne.

Cena Rezervne Kopije Jedne Seed Fraze: 29 Eura

HodlLinox Shop

Coldbit

Coldbit nudi heavy-duty kartice sa futrolama po ceni od 69 eura i setove za graviranje za dodatnih 20 eura. Takođe se možete odlučiti da sami uradite graviranje pomoću alata koji imate kod kuće, a koji može urezati čelik, poput dijamantske Dremel burgije. Oslanjajući se na čistu doslovnu transkripciju sličnu Hodlinox pločama, ove ploče ipak nude malo veću zaštitu i neke sjajne dizajne.

Cena Rezervne Kopije Jedne Seed Fraze: 69 Eura (plus 20 eura za set za graviranje, ako vam je potreban)

ColdBit Shop

Billfold by Privacy Pros

Preimenovan u Privacy Pros, brend Billfold je i dalje dostupan po ceni od 89 USD. Koristi dizajn kartice vrlo sličan Cryptosteel Kaseti, sa malim pločicama koje slažete da biste formirali svoju seed frazu.

Cena Rezervne Kopije Jedne Seed Fraze: $89

Privacy Pros Shop

Kriptovanje Vaše Seed Fraze i Njeno Digitalno Skladištenje

Iako se generalno preporučuje da svoju seed frazu ne skladištite digitalno, oni koji su bolje upućeni u digitalnu bezbednost, ovo mogu videti kao floskulu koja se može ignorisati. Iako laici sigurno ne bi smeli da šalju i primaju svoje seed fraze e-mailom, pravilno digitalno kriptovanje i skladištenje sredstvima poput cloud-a ili USB fleš memorije mogu biti jednako sigurna i bezbedna sredstva za skladištenje, kao i fizička sredstva, poput čeličnih back-up ploča. Takođe, kada se oba sredstva koriste zajedno, to vam pruža krajnju mrežu rezervnih kopija u slučaju bilo kakvih hitnih slučajeva.

Kriptovanje možda nije nešto što je lako za svakoga, ali postoje mnoge treće strane koji će se pobrinuti da odrade kriptovanje za vas. Obavezno diskonektujte računar sa Interneta dok unosite seed u računar i izvodite kriptovanje – ne verujte online uslugama kriptovanja!

Odatle, na vama ostaje da odlučite kako ćete da je čuvate, bilo na cloud-u ili na USB fleš memoriji. Prednost čuvanja na cloud-u je u tome što podaci nisu povezani ni sa jednim fizičkim uređajem i može im se pristupiti sa bilo kog mesta pomoću passworda na cloud-u. Međutim, to takođe znači da su podaci nešto pristupačniji nego da se čuvaju na USB fleš memoriji. Zapamtite da ako se odlučite za USB fleš memoriju, ona možda neće moći da se izdrži protiv požara i vode, baš kao što to mogu prosti nefizički podaci na cloud-u. Fleš memorija koja se koristi na USB-u takođe nije dizajnirana da traje duže od 10 godina, pa imajte i to na umu.

Digitalno čuvanje seed fraze preporučujem isključivo informatičarima tj ljudima sa dosta iskustva u kriptiranju informacija. Za 99% nas čekič i čelična pločica koju čuvamo na 2 ili 3 mesta + dodatna 13. ili 25. reč je najbolje rešenje.

Gde i Kako Čuvati Svoju Seed Frazu

Bez obzira da li ste odlučili da svoju seed frazu sačuvate na čeličnoj ploči, USB-u ili jednostavno na parčetu papira, moraćete da je stavite negde – a idealno bi bilo da je stavite na više mesta u slučaju da se jedna uništi ili izgubi.

Najbolji savet koji mogu da vam dam je gde ne trebate da čuvate svoju seed frazu. Na kraju, mesto na koje stavite svoju seed frazu najbolje je da sačuvate za sebe, i zato evo nekoliko mesta na koja definitivno ne želite da stavite seed frazu, ako želite da izbegnete da upadne u pogrešne ruke.

Ne Čuvajte Svoju Seed Frazu u…

1. Sef u Banci: Izgleda kao odlično mesto, zar ne? Pogrešno – banke prave greške, a kako sefovi postaju sve manje popularni, one prave još više grešaka!
2. Sef u Kući: Opet se čini kao odlično mesto – međutim, ovo je prvo mesto koje će provalnik potražiti. Čak i ako ne mogu da otvore sef, većinu malih kućnih sefova moguće je lako premestiti i odneti u kolicima, i kasnije ih razbiti.
3. Ispod Kreveta ili Dušeka: Klasično mesto za skrivanje novca, takođe je jedno od prvih mesta koje će provalnik pogledati.
4. U Frižideru: Možda mislite da maskiranje vašeg seed-a u posudi za hranu izgleda kao dobar način zabune, ali ovo je uobičajena taktika za skrivanje dragocenosti, pa bi provalnici mogli potražiti i ovde.
5. Ormarić za Nakit ili Fioke za Veš: To su uobičajena mesta za čuvanje drugih vrsta dragocenosti, pa će ih provalnik brzo pokrasti.

Budite kreativni, ali ne toliko kreativni da izgubite seed frazu, jer ne možete da se setite gde ste je sakrili.

Takođe je važno razmotriti i mogućnost pravljenja rezervnih kopija vašeg seed-a na više lokacija. Na taj način, čak i ako je jedno mesto potpuno uništeno (recimo da vam oluja odnese kuću), i dalje ćete da imate vaš seed na drugoj lokaciji.

Shamir-ovo Tajno Deljenje – Širite Vašu Frazu za Oporavak

Shamir-ovo Tajno Deljenje (eng. Shamir Secret Sharing), je algoritam koji vam omogućava da svoj seed podelite na više seed-ova koji su sami po sebi beskorisni. Međutim, njihovim rekombinovanjem vratićete vaš seed za oporavak.

Ovo je dobar korak ukoliko želite da podelite vaš seed sa vašim advokatom, računovođom, članovima porodice itd. – jer obezbeđuje da niko od njih nema pristup vašem celom seed-u.

Način na koji Shamir deluje je to što deli vaš seed na više manjih seed-ova koje možete predati pouzdanim pojedincima. Kada postavite Shamir-ov backup, odlučujete koliko ‘deljenja’ želite da kreirate i koliko delova je potrebno za oporavak vašeg celog seeda – na primer, možete da napravite 5 deljenja i kažete da su bilo koja 3 dela potrebna za oporavak vašeg seed-a.

Neki hardware novčanici, poput Trezor Model T, podržavaju Shamir Backups na user-friendly način.

Saveti za Osiguravanje Vaše Seed Fraze

Postoji mnogo opštih stvari koje morate imati na umu kada je reč o držanju vaše seed fraze na sigurnom. Neke od ovih stvari su samo zdrav razum, dok većini ljudi možda ništa neće pasti na pamet bez nečije pomoći. Neće sve metode biti praktične za sve čitaoce, ali imajte na umu da što više bezbednosnih metoda vežbate, vaša seed fraza će biti sigurnija. Učinite koliko god možete da vaša seed fraza bude sigurna i ona će vam biti pri ruci kada vam zatreba.

Ne Pravite Slike ili Screenshotove Vaše Seed Fraze

Ne slikanje vaše seed fraze je dovoljno jednostavno. Svaka slika koju napravite stvara dodatnu spoljnu datoteku koja se može duplirati, izgubiti ili ukrasti. Što je manji digitalni otisak vaše seed fraze, to je bolje. Međutim, postoji mnogo različitih načina na koje se mogu ukrasti fotografije vaše seed fraze, što može iznenaditi prosečnog čitaoca. Prvo, hakeri i ostale treće strane mogu da preuzmu sliku vaše seed fraze putem sigurnosnih kamera, poput onih na bankomatima. Takođe, kamere na računaru, telefonu i drugim ličnim uređajima mogu predstavljati još veći rizik. Iz ovih razloga, umanjivanje ukupne vidljivosti i izloženosti vaše seed fraze, i pre i posle dokumentovanja u fizičkom svetu, je apsolutna potreba.

Ne Izgovarajte Svoju Seed Frazu Naglas – Nikad!

Ako ste ikada razgovarali telefonom i Google Assistant vas je prekinuo, onda znate da vas stalno slušaju. Bilo da ste napolju u javnosti ili ste sami kod kuće, treće strane slušaju. Ako su te treće strane zainteresovane, možda će moći da dobiju pristup vašim ličnim podacima. Iz tog razloga, uzdržavanje od izgovaranja naglas vaše seed fraze treba smatrati vitalnim delom zaštite vaše seed fraze. Lakše je špijunirati nekoga preko zvuka, nego što je to slučaj sa vizuelnim elementima, pa izgovaranje naglas vaše seed fraze čini je mnogo podložnijom presretanju od strane onih koji je mogu zloupotrebiti.

Ne Čuvajte Svoju Seed Frazu u Password Menadžeru

Čuvanje vaše seed fraze u password menadžeru može se činiti sigurnim i prikladnim načinom izrade rezervnih kopija, ali to nosi velike rizike. Seed fraza se mnogo razlikuje od password za recimo vaš Facebook nalog. To je zato što su passwordi samo alati za potvrdu identiteta za centralizovane usluge – što znači da ako izgubite pristup računu ili budete hakovani, možete kontaktirati broj podrške i proći kroz neke korake da biste povratili kontrolu nad svojim nalogom.

Kod Bitcoin-a, prema njegovom dizajnu, ne postoji broj podrške. Ne postoji centralna stranka koja kontroliše Bitcoin transakcije, čineći ga neverovatno slobodnim i otvorenim – ali to takođe znači da morate vrlo ozbiljno da preuzmete odgovornost za svoju seed frazu. Ako padne u pogrešne ruke jer je vaš password menadžer hakovan, možete izgubiti svoje bitcoin-e.

Ne Koristite Online Usluge Oporavka Seed-a

Ako vam neki website traži da unesete svoju seed frazu – čak i ako vam se čini kao pouzdan – dobro razmislite pre nego što to učinite. Većina „usluga online oporavka“ su maskirane prevare, usresredjene samo na kradju seed fraza nevinih ljudi! Ne budi jedan od njih.

Koristite Pristupnu Frazu(dodatnu reč) da Biste Dodali još Sigurnosti

Trezor podešavanje pristupne fraze | Ledger podešavanje pristupne fraze

Ako vaš novčanik podržava dodavanje pristupne fraze, trebalo bi da je koristite. Pristupna fraza je password koji dodate svom seed-u i funkcioniše kao 13. ili 25. reč u vašoj seed frazi. Zbog toga je vaš novčanik mnogo teže ukrasti. Ako se pristupna fraza čuva na drugačijoj lokaciji od vašeg seed-a, vaši bitcoin-i su sigurni čak i ako neko dobije pristup vašoj seed frazi.

Zaštitite Svoju Seed Frazu

Bez obzira da li svoju seed frazu čuvate u digitalnom oblaku ili na čeličnoj ploči, postojanje nekog načina čuvanja koji štiti seed frazu od elemenata kao što su požar i poplava, mora se smatrati obaveznim. Kao što je već rečeno, čelične ploče mogu se napraviti da izdrže većinu katastrofa, a skladištenje na cloud-u pruža nefizička sredstva koja mogu biti jednako sigurna kao i druga sredstva ako koristite pravu enkripciju. Upotreba jednog ili oba ova sredstva može vam pomoći da vam garantuje maksimalnu zaštitu bez obzira na to šta se dogodi.

Koristite Više Metoda za Pravljenje Rezervnih Kopija Kad God Možete

Korišćenje nekoliko različitih metoda za čuvanje vaše seed fraze ima puno prednosti, ali ima i neke nedostatke ako im ne pristupite sa dovoljno pažnje. Iako vam više načina za skladištenje pruža veću zaštitu, to takođe proširuje vaš celokupni profil, što znači da postoji više područja koja su otvorena za napad. Ipak, korišćenje najmanje dve odvojene metode za pravljenje rezervnih kopija obično se smatra dobrom idejom, jer imate rezervne kopije za slučaj da vam se nešto desi! Nikad ne znate šta će se dogoditi, a u tome i jeste poenta seed fraza.

Ograničite Pristup Vašoj Seed Frazi što je Više Moguće

Naravno, neki ljudi mogu da se odluče da svoju seed frazu podele sa pouzdanom trećom stranom, kao sredstvo radi osiguranja njene zaštite, ali, generalno, što je manji broj ljudi sa kojima delite svoju seed frazu, time bolje. Vaša je lična odluka s kim ćete deliti svoju seed frazu, i u vašem je najboljem interesu da to pravo mudro koristite.

Ne Pričajte o Količini Bitcoin-a Koje Posedujete

Nekima je ovo možda najteži savet, ali možda i najvažniji. Ako niko ne zna da imate bitcoin, i koliko ga imate, smanjujete verovatnoću da će neko pokušati da dodje do vaše seed fraze ili novčanika. Zato držite jezik za zubima!

Šta će se Desiti sa Vašim Bitcoin-om Nakon što Umrete?

Kao i sa bilo kojim drugim sredstvom, trebalo bi da imate predstavu o tome kako će se postupati sa vašim Bitcoin-om nakon što umrete. S obzirom da je ovo relativno nova tema, nema puno presedana kada je reč o prenošenju i nasleđivanju Bitcoin-a. Iako mnogi mogu da pomisle da moraju da angažuju advokata, prenošenje Bitcoin-a zaista podrazumeva samo puko prenošenje vaše seed fraze, zajedno sa nekim vašim konkretnim srestvima.

Prilikom pripreme za prosleđivanje vaše seed fraze u slučaju vaše smrti, važno je zapamtiti da prosledite i detaljan zapis o svojoj digitalnoj imovini. Za razliku od fizičkih materijala, digitalna sredstva se ne mogu lako kvantifikovati fizičkom procenom. Ukoliko nije svesna da postoji, ta osoba možda neće znati šta tačno prima. Stoga, ona možda neće zaista primiti ono što ste joj namenili da nasledi. To je takođe razlog zašto bi svi trebali da drže svu svoju imovinu sažetom i što organizovanijom, u slučaju nužde.

Ako razumete engleski jezik preporučujem da pročitate knjigu: Cryptoasset Inheritance Planning od Pamela Morgan

Kako Koristite Seed Frazu za Oporavak Vašeg Novčanika?

Za većinu novčanika, upotreba seed fraze jednostavna je poput pritiskanja pravih tipki i kucanja iste. Odatle, seed fraza će vratiti sav sadržaj i podatke novčanika na bilo koji uređaj koji koristite. Na ovaj način, korišćenje seed fraze znači da možete imati novčanik kod sebe gde god da krenete, bez obzira na sve, čak i ako se novčanik izgubi ili uništi – sve što vam zaista treba je vaša seed fraza.

Opet, ne koristite nikakve online usluge za seed frazu! U najvećem broju slučajeva to su prevare.

Bez obzira da li koristite mobilni novčanik kao što je Muun ili hardware novčanik kao što su Trezor ili Ledger, sredstva za upotrebu vaše seed fraze su u osnovi ista – jedina razlika je hardver koji koristite za to. Kod aplikacija poput Muun jednostavno pokrenete aplikaciju i ona vam daje mogućnost oporavka prethodnog novčanika. Zatim ćete odabrati dužinu svoje seed fraze i uneti je tačno onako kako je prikazana.

Uz hardware novčanike poput onih koje je izradio Trezor, dobićete istu opciju za povratak kada pokrenete uređaj i instalirate firmware. Dobićete isti izbor da odredite dužinu svoje seed fraze, a zatim će zatražiti od vas da je unesete potpuno isto.

Ako je moguče uvjek koristite isti hardware/software wallet prilikom oporavka vaše seed fraze kao što ste koristili kad ste je pravili.

Ako je Vaša Seed Fraza Sigurna, Biće i Vaša Sredstava!

Na kraju dana, važno je da zapamtite da što više brige ulažete u pravilno skladištenje i zaštitu svoje seed fraze, to će vaša sredstva biti sigurnija i za vas i za vaše voljene. Digitalno doba predstavlja širok spektar novih opasnosti, a svet kriptovaluta je leglo za većinu njih.

Ako želite da preduzmete proaktivne mere u obezbeđivanju najveće zaštite vašeg bitcoin-a, čuvanje vaše seed fraze na sigurnom i pristupačnom mestu je neophodno. Vaša seed fraza možda sada ne izgleda kao velika stvar, ali će izgledati kao velika stvar kada dođe vreme da je upotrebite. Ukoliko želite da vi i vaša Bitcoin sredstva budete zaštićeni u slučaju nužde ili čak u slučaju vaše smrti, preduzimanje odgovarajućih sredstava za čuvanje i zaštitu vaše seed fraze je osnovni prvi korak.

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

A seguir, veja como instalar e configurar o Privoxy no Pop!_OS.

---

1. Instalar o Tor e o Privoxy

Abra o terminal e execute:

bash sudo apt update sudo apt install tor privoxy

Explicação:

• Tor: Roteia o tráfego pela rede Tor.
• Privoxy: Proxy avançado que intermedia a conexão entre aplicativos e o Tor.

---

2. Configurar o Privoxy

Abra o arquivo de configuração do Privoxy:

bash sudo nano /etc/privoxy/config

Navegue até a última linha (atalho: Ctrl + / depois Ctrl + V para navegar diretamente até a última linha) e insira:

bash forward-socks5 / 127.0.0.1:9050 .

Isso faz com que o Privoxy envie todo o tráfego para o Tor através da porta 9050.

Salve (CTRL + O e Enter) e feche (CTRL + X) o arquivo.

---

3. Iniciar o Tor e o Privoxy

Agora, inicie e habilite os serviços:

bash sudo systemctl start tor sudo systemctl start privoxy sudo systemctl enable tor sudo systemctl enable privoxy

Explicação:

• start: Inicia os serviços.
• enable: Faz com que iniciem automaticamente ao ligar o PC.

---

4. Configurar o Navegador Firefox

Para usar a rede Tor com o Firefox:

1. Abra o Firefox.
2. Acesse Configurações → Configurar conexão.
3. Selecione Configuração manual de proxy.
4. Configure assim:
   • Proxy HTTP: 127.0.0.1
   • Porta: 8118 (porta padrão do Privoxy)
   • Domínio SOCKS (v5): 127.0.0.1
   • Porta: 9050
5. Marque a opção "Usar este proxy também em HTTPS".
6. Clique em OK.

---

5. Verificar a Conexão com o Tor

Abra o navegador e acesse:

text https://check.torproject.org/

Se aparecer a mensagem "Congratulations. This browser is configured to use Tor.", a configuração está correta.

---

Dicas Extras

• Privoxy pode ser ajustado para bloquear anúncios e rastreadores.
• Outros aplicativos também podem ser configurados para usar o Privoxy.

@ 06639a38:655f8f71

Nostr-PHP

All commits on the main branch between 19-05 and 25-05: https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/commits/main/?since=2025-05-19&until=2025-05-25 

• Merged PR #95 finish implementing methods Relay and RelaySet
• Merged PR #90 implementing NIP-17 private direct messages

• Made some progress on the persistentConnection class for fetching messages from a relay in runtime (realtime)

New release: 1.8.0

What's Changed

• feat: Implement NIP-05 lookups by @dsbaars in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/89
• NIP 44 implementation fix and test improvements by @dsbaars in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/88
• remove CLI tool from library - https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-p… by @Sebastix in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/93
• Add extra metadata fields for profile by @dsbaars in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/94
• Finish implementing methods Relay and RelaySet by @dsbaars in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/95
• Implement NIP-17 Private Direct Messages by @dsbaars in https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/90

Full changelog: https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/compare/1.7.1...1.8.0 
Link: https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/releases/tag/1.8.0

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

This piece is the first in a series that will focus on things I think are a priority if your focus is similar to mine: building a strong family and safeguarding their future.

---

Choosing the ideal place to raise a family is one of the most significant decisions you will ever make. For simplicity sake I will break down my thought process into key factors: strong property rights, the ability to grow your own food, access to fresh water, the freedom to own and train with guns, and a dependable community.

A Jurisdiction with Strong Property Rights

Strong property rights are essential and allow you to build on a solid foundation that is less likely to break underneath you. Regions with a history of limited government and clear legal protections for landowners are ideal. Personally I think the US is the single best option globally, but within the US there is a wide difference between which state you choose. Choose carefully and thoughtfully, think long term. Obviously if you are not American this is not a realistic option for you, there are other solid options available especially if your family has mobility. I understand many do not have this capability to easily move, consider that your first priority, making movement and jurisdiction choice possible in the first place.

Abundant Access to Fresh Water

Water is life. I cannot overstate the importance of living somewhere with reliable, clean, and abundant freshwater. Some regions face water scarcity or heavy regulations on usage, so prioritizing a place where water is plentiful and your rights to it are protected is critical. Ideally you should have well access so you are not tied to municipal water supplies. In times of crisis or chaos well water cannot be easily shutoff or disrupted. If you live in an area that is drought prone, you are one drought away from societal chaos. Not enough people appreciate this simple fact.

Grow Your Own Food

A location with fertile soil, a favorable climate, and enough space for a small homestead or at the very least a garden is key. In stable times, a small homestead provides good food and important education for your family. In times of chaos your family being able to grow and raise healthy food provides a level of self sufficiency that many others will lack. Look for areas with minimal restrictions, good weather, and a culture that supports local farming.

Guns

The ability to defend your family is fundamental. A location where you can legally and easily own guns is a must. Look for places with a strong gun culture and a political history of protecting those rights. Owning one or two guns is not enough and without proper training they will be a liability rather than a benefit. Get comfortable and proficient. Never stop improving your skills. If the time comes that you must use a gun to defend your family, the skills must be instinct. Practice. Practice. Practice.

A Strong Community You Can Depend On

No one thrives alone. A ride or die community that rallies together in tough times is invaluable. Seek out a place where people know their neighbors, share similar values, and are quick to lend a hand. Lead by example and become a good neighbor, people will naturally respond in kind. Small towns are ideal, if possible, but living outside of a major city can be a solid balance in terms of work opportunities and family security.

---

Let me know if you found this helpful. My plan is to break down how I think about these five key subjects in future posts.

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

Oregano oil is a potent natural compound that offers numerous scientifically-supported health benefits.

Active Compounds

The oil's therapeutic properties stem from its key bioactive components: - Carvacrol and thymol (primary active compounds) - Polyphenols and other antioxidant

Antimicrobial Properties

Bacterial Protection The oil demonstrates powerful antibacterial effects, even against antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA and other harmful bacteria. Studies show it effectively inactivates various pathogenic bacteria without developing resistance.

Antifungal Effects It effectively combats fungal infections, particularly Candida-related conditions like oral thrush, athlete's foot, and nail infections.

Digestive Health Benefits

Oregano oil supports digestive wellness by: - Promoting gastric juice secretion and enzyme production - Helping treat Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) - Managing digestive discomfort, bloating, and IBS symptoms

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects

The oil provides significant protective benefits through: - Powerful antioxidant activity that fights free radicals - Reduction of inflammatory markers in the body - Protection against oxidative stress-related conditions

Respiratory Support

It aids respiratory health by: - Loosening mucus and phlegm - Suppressing coughs and throat irritation - Supporting overall respiratory tract function

Additional Benefits

Skin Health - Improves conditions like psoriasis, acne, and eczema - Supports wound healing through antibacterial action - Provides anti-aging benefits through antioxidant properties

Cardiovascular Health Studies show oregano oil may help: - Reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol levels - Support overall heart health

Pain Management The oil demonstrates effectiveness in: - Reducing inflammation-related pain - Managing muscle discomfort - Providing topical pain relief

Safety Note

While oregano oil is generally safe, it's highly concentrated and should be properly diluted before use Consult a healthcare provider before starting supplementation, especially if taking other medications.

@ 5fbec235:ff265c2a

Safety as a Community Creation

I quickly learned that Japan is known for being one of the safest countries in the world—yes, I didn't even realize that until I arrived there. But understanding safety as a statistic is different from witnessing it as a lived reality.

One of the most striking signals of this safety was watching first graders take themselves to school on public transportation in Tokyo. These tiny humans, navigating one of the world's largest cities completely independently. In contrast, my Chicago suburban hometown requires parents to wait at the bus stop for children of that same age, even if their house is just across the street.

I witnessed nearly everyone glued to their phones while out in public. Literally dozens of heads planted facedown into their palms while crossing major intersections. While that's not a trait I admire, it reflects the absolute safety every citizen must feel to be able to walk around like that. Similarly, Tokyo is definitely the place where you can show off designer fashion trends if you can afford to do so. While the style is far more modest and homogenous than here in the USA, expensive fashion statements are still blatantly made in the many high-trafficked districts of the mega city.

The contrast hit me viscerally when I remembered my friend's experience in São Paulo a few years ago. During a short three-mile run, while he was checking Google Maps, he was nearly mugged by a thief on a motorbike. The difference was unmistakable. Take heed of all warnings to not use a smart phone in the streets of Sào Paulo. Tokyo however - accidentally leave your phone at the Izakaya? Don't be surprised if it is personally returned to you by the owner of the Izakaya with a note thanking you once again for your earlier patronage.

Community M and the Dissolution of Transactional Relationships

While in Japan, I was invited to spend the weekend in an exclusive, members-only community nestled along a river flowing down from the mountains—remarkably, all still within Tokyo Prefecture. It felt like a hidden gem: only 5% of the prefecture consists of this kind of natural landscape, and I never would have discovered it without that special invitation.

There, I participated in a unique Bonsai class led by a woman who has been cultivating Bonsai her entire career. I also shared meals, nature walks, and sauna sessions with other community members. It was an eventful weekend, meeting and integrating with an entirely unique culture. The weekend felt truly memorable, special, everlasting—essentially boiled down to a priceless experience.

It's an experience I will remember and appreciate more than the time I've spent in several corporate luxury hotels. Don't get me wrong, corporate luxury hotels are very nice. Their amenities are much more comfortable than anything Community M could offer me. They feel safe, and they make me feel just a little bit entitled—in the sense that "I'm spending A LOT of money with the company that keeps you employed... so are you working for me to the maximum of our mutual expectations?" That's certainly okay. The hotel is offering a service and I am paying for it. Ultimately, it is indeed a mutually valuable transaction everyone is happy with.

But that time spent with Community M was something different. The amount of money I could have spent with them didn't matter. Friendships were formed over shared interests and probably genuine interest and curiosity in each other's cultures. Those values get washed away when the power dynamic shifts too much toward a monetary transaction—service in exchange for cash.

This experience crystallized something I'd been feeling but couldn't articulate: the difference between being served and being welcomed. In transactional relationships, your value is determined by your purchasing power. In genuine community, your value comes from your participation, your curiosity, your willingness to share and receive.

What Online Communities Could Become

What should online communities of the future look like? I think an amazing community could pull some of the best traits of American and Japanese culture. Reliance on oneself and personal responsibility is incredibly important. But as communities grow, it becomes so much harder to exercise personal interests without feeling like I'm "barging in" or something. I've never felt compelled to become the center of attention. What gets me excited is seeing people come together and being their best selves naturally and organically around one another, without any single person being too much "the center."

The way I see a lot of online communities advertised today is less desirable to me. It often looks like there's an influencer selling something and inviting all their followers to join "the community." This replicates the same extractive, transactional dynamics I experienced in luxury hotels, just digitally.

I left Japan with a sense of respect for what's possible when people come together under a shared understanding of a few basic human principles. The most obvious one being a sense of shared responsibility to look out for one another, thereby providing safety for all—a large, functional neighborhood watch, so to say. In Japan, I got the sense that the means to provide general well-being through shared responsibility is far greater than the more exclusive reliance on oneself and distrust of others that often appears in large American cities.

The Internet as Unsafe Territory

When thinking of safety and shared responsibility, the internet today is more like New York City than Tokyo. It's not safe for children, and outsourcing our own responsibility for maintaining safety to centralized, profit-seeking organizations makes no sense. These platforms have the undisputed goal of extracting value from the very communities they attempt to serve.

Current online communities are built backwards. Instead of communities creating tools for themselves, external platforms create tools to extract value from communities. The power dynamic is fundamentally extractive rather than generative.

Communities Building for Themselves

Eve will allow us to build intranets that are safer than anything YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, or any other platform could ever provide because they'll be built by communities, not for-profit organizations seeking to extract value. All applications will be open source, therefore all algorithms will be open source, thereby empowering everyone to exercise their shared responsibilities for maintaining safe, prosperous communities.

Communities will be enabled to create applications that deliver unique experiences specific to their rules and guidelines. Compare it to my Bonsai class. Someday there may be a Japan-oriented community where Bonsai masterclasses and other Bonsai-related services and products are offered. Communities won't be as dependent on platforms. Because of the open-source standard, more tradespeople will be enabled to quickly build whatever the community deems necessary. Communities will be in full control and not reliant on any one platform, nor any one person to maintain the community.

What I experienced in that members-only community by the river was a space where relationships form around shared interests and genuine curiosity - where the community itself determines its needs and builds its tools, where safety emerges from collective responsibility rather than external enforcement. In our digital age of abundance - I see a very real future where communities are enabled to free themselves from irrelevant distractions and build what they need to achieve both individual and collective prosperity.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Here’s a revised timeline of macro-level events from The Mandibles: A Family, 2029–2047 by Lionel Shriver, reimagined in a world where Bitcoin is adopted as a widely accepted form of money, altering the original narrative’s assumptions about currency collapse and economic control. In Shriver’s original story, the failure of Bitcoin is assumed amid the dominance of the bancor and the dollar’s collapse. Here, Bitcoin’s success reshapes the economic and societal trajectory, decentralizing power and challenging state-driven outcomes.

Part One: 2029–2032

• 2029 (Early Year)\ The United States faces economic strain as the dollar weakens against global shifts. However, Bitcoin, having gained traction emerges as a viable alternative. Unlike the original timeline, the bancor—a supranational currency backed by a coalition of nations—struggles to gain footing as Bitcoin’s decentralized adoption grows among individuals and businesses worldwide, undermining both the dollar and the bancor.

• 2029 (Mid-Year: The Great Renunciation)\ Treasury bonds lose value, and the government bans Bitcoin, labeling it a threat to sovereignty (mirroring the original bancor ban). However, a Bitcoin ban proves unenforceable—its decentralized nature thwarts confiscation efforts, unlike gold in the original story. Hyperinflation hits the dollar as the U.S. prints money, but Bitcoin’s fixed supply shields adopters from currency devaluation, creating a dual-economy split: dollar users suffer, while Bitcoin users thrive.

• 2029 (Late Year)\ Dollar-based inflation soars, emptying stores of goods priced in fiat currency. Meanwhile, Bitcoin transactions flourish in underground and online markets, stabilizing trade for those plugged into the bitcoin ecosystem. Traditional supply chains falter, but peer-to-peer Bitcoin networks enable local and international exchange, reducing scarcity for early adopters. The government’s gold confiscation fails to bolster the dollar, as Bitcoin’s rise renders gold less relevant.

• 2030–2031\ Crime spikes in dollar-dependent urban areas, but Bitcoin-friendly regions see less chaos, as digital wallets and smart contracts facilitate secure trade. The U.S. government doubles down on surveillance to crack down on bitcoin use. A cultural divide deepens: centralized authority weakens in Bitcoin-adopting communities, while dollar zones descend into lawlessness.

• 2032\ By this point, Bitcoin is de facto legal tender in parts of the U.S. and globally, especially in tech-savvy or libertarian-leaning regions. The federal government’s grip slips as tax collection in dollars plummets—Bitcoin’s traceability is low, and citizens evade fiat-based levies. Rural and urban Bitcoin hubs emerge, while the dollar economy remains fractured.

Time Jump: 2032–2047

• Over 15 years, Bitcoin solidifies as a global reserve currency, eroding centralized control. The U.S. government adapts, grudgingly integrating bitcoin into policy, though regional autonomy grows as Bitcoin empowers local economies.

Part Two: 2047

• 2047 (Early Year)\ The U.S. is a hybrid state: Bitcoin is legal tender alongside a diminished dollar. Taxes are lower, collected in BTC, reducing federal overreach. Bitcoin’s adoption has decentralized power nationwide. The bancor has faded, unable to compete with Bitcoin’s grassroots momentum.

• 2047 (Mid-Year)\ Travel and trade flow freely in Bitcoin zones, with no restrictive checkpoints. The dollar economy lingers in poorer areas, marked by decay, but Bitcoin’s dominance lifts overall prosperity, as its deflationary nature incentivizes saving and investment over consumption. Global supply chains rebound, powered by bitcoin enabled efficiency.

• 2047 (Late Year)\ The U.S. is a patchwork of semi-autonomous zones, united by Bitcoin’s universal acceptance rather than federal control. Resource scarcity persists due to past disruptions, but economic stability is higher than in Shriver’s original dystopia—Bitcoin’s success prevents the authoritarian slide, fostering a freer, if imperfect, society.

Key Differences

• Currency Dynamics: Bitcoin’s triumph prevents the bancor’s dominance and mitigates hyperinflation’s worst effects, offering a lifeline outside state control.
• Government Power: Centralized authority weakens as Bitcoin evades bans and taxation, shifting power to individuals and communities.
• Societal Outcome: Instead of a surveillance state, 2047 sees a decentralized, bitcoin driven world—less oppressive, though still stratified between Bitcoin haves and have-nots.

This reimagining assumes Bitcoin overcomes Shriver’s implied skepticism to become a robust, adopted currency by 2029, fundamentally altering the novel’s bleak trajectory.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Wird hier gerade eine Hollywood-Show vor unseren Augen aufgeführt?

Trump tut oft so, als ob die USA erst mit seiner zweiten Präsidentschaft zu existieren begonnen haben. Die Suppe, die ihm die Biden-Regierung eingebrockt hat auszulöffeln, gehört zur Übernahme der Amtsgeschäfte. Ist es wahrscheinlich, dass die Vorbereitungen für den Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen den USA und Russland, auf dem Rücken der Ukrainer, erst mit der Biden-Administration angefangen haben, oder schon früher?

Nicht vergessen: Als dominierende Kraft in der NATO sind die USA maßgeblich für die Provokation Russlands durch die NATO-Osterweiterung verantwortlich.

Jetzt, wo man, wie in anderen „demokratiebringenden Einmärschen“ vorher auch schon, erkannt hat, dass man wieder mal gescheitert ist, versuchen sich die USA einen schlanken Fuß zu machen? Wollen sie sich gesichtswahrend aus der Affaire ziehen und Europa den schwarzen Peter zuschieben? Am Ende hieße es dann möglicherweise: Wir haben ja alles versucht, uns für eine Befriedung in der Ukraine einzusetzen, aber ihr Europäer wolltet ja nicht. Jetzt seht selber zu, wie ihr damit fertig werdet. Schon lange vor dem Ukraine-Krieg gab es Stimmen, die sagten, dass wenn es einmal darauf ankommt, werden die USA Europa fallen lassen, wie eine heiße Kartoffel.

Trump deutet an, eine große Zahl der Besatzungstruppen in Europa, besonders präsent in Deutschland, abziehen zu wollen. Gleichzeitig ist die geplante Stationierung von Hyperschallraketen namens „Dark Eagle“ in 2026 noch nicht zurückgenommen worden. Das wäre ein klares Signal einer vertrauensbildenden Maßnahme. Trump könnte in Wiesbaden das Licht ausmachen. Auch das wäre Russland gegenüber, ein klares Zeichen zum festen Willen einer Deeskalation.

Wie geht es mit den rund 800 weltweiten US-Basen weiter? Gibt es hier Pläne, sich zurückzuziehen?

Trump könnte veranlassen, dass Starlink abgeschaltet würde, ein Anruf bei Musk genügte, dann wäre die Ukraine blind. Warum tut er das nicht, um den Krieg schneller zu beenden?

Warum fließen von Deutschland finanzielle Mittel in die Ukraine, um den Betrieb von Starlink weiter aufrechtzuerhalten?

All das könnten klare Zeichen Richtung Russland sein, die es beruhigen und das territoriale Sicherheitsgefühl des Landes wiederherstellen würde.

Wusste Trump nichts von der Auslagerung der Bio-Waffen-Labore in die Ukraine?

Haben die zahlreichen Executive Orders, so gut sie auch sein mögen, nicht auch den Charme von Autokratie oder sogar schon Diktatur? Sind diese in einer Ausnahmesituation gerechtfertigt? Dann wären die Ermächtigungsgesetze bei der Machtübernahme in Deutschland es auch gewesen. Sie geschahen aus der Sicht der Verantwortlichen ja auch in bester Absicht. Das kann doch eigentlich nicht sein. Oder kann man beides nicht miteinander vergleichen?

Wie passt das alles zusammen?

Im Juni gibt es ein NATO-Treffen. Wird Trump dort den Austritt aus der NATO verkünden?

Vorher macht Merz seinen Antrittsbesuch bei Trump. Gibt es eine saftige Ohrfeige, entlässt Trump Deutschland in die Volljährigkeit, oder erklärt Trump Deutschland zu seinem stärksten und verlässlichsten Partner in Europa? Man muss mit allem rechnen.

Durch seine Rede auf der Sicherheitskonferenz in München, bemängelte Vance unter anderem die Meinungsfreiheit in Deutschland. Ist das wirkliche Meinungsfreiheit, wenn diese derzeit in den USA vor allem in den Händen von Musk liegt?

Vance sah auch eine Gefahr für die Demokratie in Deutschland durch die Brandmauer gegen die Opposition. Es ist offensichtlich, dass Trump konservative Kräfte und somit die Opposition in Deutschland unterstützt und stärkt. Die Opposition steht jedoch auch zur NATO und ist für eine angemessene Verteidigungsfähigkeit. Keine Überlegungen, ob die Neutralität für Deutschland nicht ebenfalls eine Alternative wäre. Besteht hier nicht eine Gefahr, denn es ist nicht das erste Mal, dass die USA in einem anderen Land Kräfte unterstützen, von denen sie der Meinung sind, dass sie der Demokratisierung dienen. Hier gibt es Beispiele dafür, dass der Schuss auch nach hinten losgehen kann. Dieses Mal mag es ja vielleicht in die richtige Richtung gehen, doch wer garantiert das? Am Ende zeigt es jedoch vor allem, dass Deutschland nur ein Spielball ganz anderer Kräfte ist, und aus sich heraus nicht in der Lage, vernunftbegabte, eigene Entscheidungen zu treffen. Und werden Entscheidungen getroffen, dann gehen sie in die falsche Richtung. Deutschland darf nicht stärkste Kraft in Europa werden, schon allein aufgrund seiner eigenen Geschichte nicht.

Und die, die die durchaus vorhandenen mahnenden Stimmen in Deutschland unterstützen müssten, die tun es (noch) nicht. In der Tat muss der Wandel von unten nach oben erfolgen, durch den Souverän, weil es mehr als genug Beweise dafür gibt, dass die politische Klasse weder willens noch dazu in der Lage ist, wieder freiheitlich-demokratische Verhältnisse herzustellen, auch, wenn sie ständig gebetsmühlenartig betont, dass sie Unseredemokratie mit allen Mitteln schützen will. Mittlerweile ist die Lage schon so pervers, dass man sich förmlich einen tagelangen Blackout, Benzinpreise von 5,00 Euro den Liter, exorbitant hohe Heiz- und Lebenshaltungskosten herbeiwünscht, damit dieses derzeit leider enttäuschende, bräsige Volk endlich den Irren in Berlin deutlich zu verstehen gibt, dass es so nicht weitergehen kann.

Herr Pistorius scheint der Ansicht zu sein, dass, wenn er das Wort Diplomatie in den Mund nimmt, er augenblicklich an Zungenkrebs erkrankt. Nein, Herr Pistorius, wir müssen nicht kriegstüchtig werden, wir müssen nicht nur friedensfähig werden, sondern friedensliebend durch eine vernunftbegabte deutsche Politik sein, kapieren Sie das endlich! Und diese Friedensliebe muss in die Welt hinausposaunt werden, als Zeichen, dass Deutschland aus seiner Geschichte gelernt hat (wenn es denn so wäre).

Und Frieden durch Krieg schaffen zu wollen, ist und bleibt bekloppt!

Und Merz, verkündet stolz die Stationierung einer Brigade in Litauen, direkt an der russischen Grenze. Es scheint ihm Vergnügen zu bereiten, den Bären an der Tatze zu kitzeln. So lange, bis er die Krallen zeigt, weil es ihm zu viel wird. In Litauen selbst scheint es seit Ende des 2. Weltkrieges noch bis heute eine beträchtliche Anzahl von ewig Gestrigen zu geben, genauso, wie in der Ukraine. Wie passt das zusammen?

Oder soll gar am Ende doch noch der Morgenthau-Plan umgesetzt werden? Anzeichen dafür gibt es.

Was, Herr Trump, ist jetzt mit den Goldreserven in Fort Knox? Sind sie noch da, oder nicht? Was ist mit den deutschen Goldreserven? Die sieht Deutschland wahrscheinlich nie wieder, weil sie mit den jahrzehntelangen Kosten für den US-NATO-Schutz verrechnet werden. Und am Ende würde wahrscheinlich sogar noch ein Saldo zu Ungunsten Deutschlands übrigbleiben.

Ja, es sind viele Baustellen begonnen worden und es gibt immer noch sehr starke Kräfte in den USA, die das Aufräumen verhindern wollen:

Weniger Zucker, keine künstlichen Zusatzstoffe in Lebensmitteln, zusatzfreies Wasser, alles schön und gut. Was nutzt es, wenn die Amis sich wieder gesünder ernähren können, die Fettleibigkeit zurückgeht und viele am Ende dann doch an den Folgen der Spritze zugrunde gehen.  Ein offizielles, nationales, sofortiges Verbot der mRNA-Vergiftung gibt es immer noch nicht. Und auch keine laufende Aufarbeitung und Aufklärung von alleroberster Stelle. Kennedy tut was er kann, aber das reicht noch nicht.

Wer sind die Hintermänner der Wettermanipulation, die derzeit teilweise geahndet werden? Irgendjemand muss den Auftrag dazu geben, wo wird das Zeug hergestellt, wer mischt es dem Flugbenzin bei, was wissen die Flugkapitäne, wenn es denn so ist?

Wird eine Grand Jury vorbereitet, in denen die von Biden am letzten Tag begnadigten Personen, inklusive ihm selbst, zur Rechenschaft gezogen werden? Wo ist das US-amerikanische Nürnberg 2.0 für alle, die an dem Spritzen-Verbrechen beteiligt gewesen sind?

Was ist mit den Kinderschändern? Können die fliehen, wohin? Oder landen die allesamt auf dem elektrischen Stuhl, wo sie hingehören würden? Auch, wenn man grundsätzlich gegen die Todesstrafe ist, in diesem Fall könnte man doch mal eine Ausnahme machen, falls Guantanamo zu voll würde. Sich in teuflischer Art auf verschiedene Weise an Kindern zu vergehen, ist das widerlichste, abscheulichste, menschenverachtendste, das sich ein normaler Mensch überhaupt nur vorstellen kann. Und gleich danach kommt die weltweite, satanische mRNA-Vergiftung.

Was sollen die Friedensgespräche zwischen Russland und der Ukraine in Istanbul? Wie der durch die NATO-Osterweiterung von den USA angezettelte Krieg in der Ukraine, so wäre es jetzt auch die Pflicht der USA, dieses grandiose Deppenstück mit unzähligen Toten und Verstümmelten auch wieder zu beenden. Und das geht nur zwischen den USA und Russland. Die Ukraine hat dabei wenig bis gar nichts zu melden, genau so wenig, wie Europa, und schon gar nicht Möchte-Gernegroß-Deutschland.

Ist das ein Hinhaltetaktik?

Klar war, dass Trump den Krieg in der Ukraine nicht in 24 Stunden beenden konnte. Wurde Europa die Gelegenheit gegeben, ein Bündnis der Willigen aufzustellen, dass verzweifelt aber erfolglos versucht, einen Keil in die Friedensverhandlungen zu treiben? Soll damit das wahre Gesicht von Großbritannien, Frankreich und Deutschland augenscheinlich werden? Steckt ein Plan dahinter, aber welcher?

Welche Möglichkeiten hätte Trump, die Europäische Union, als Handlanger des Deep States und der NATO, mit einer Überdosis der von der EU-Kommissarin per SMS bestellten Haarspray-Dosen zu ersticken, damit eine für alle einträgliche Neuauflage der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft selbständiger Nationalstaaten wiederauferstehen kann? Damit Gurken und Bananen wieder krumm sein dürfen, und die Sommerzeit, unnötig wie ein Loch im Kopf, endlich wieder abgeschafft wird, weil keiner sie will und weil sie nichts bringt. Das sind nur die harmlosesten Beispiele. Dieses nicht demokratisch gewählte Bürokratie-Monster mit europäischem Herrschaftsanspruch, Militärphantasien und diktatorischen Gleichmachungsgedanken gehört aufgelöst, und die agierenden Handlanger in ihm dürfen nie wieder politische Verantwortung übertragen bekommen.

Es ist richtig, wenn es Stimmen gibt, die sagen, die Veränderung der politischen Verhältnisse muss von der Graswurzel aus erfolgen, weil man erkennen muss, dass das ganze System vergiftet ist. Die USA waren genau so wenig jemals unser Freund, wie Russland unser Feind ist. Es ging und geht immer nur um Interessen, nicht um Nächstenliebe. Wie viele Generationen und ein anderes Bildungssystem braucht es, bis die Menschen das verstehen?

Trump hat schon mehrmals angekündigt, dass „nächste Woche“ Großes geschehen wird. Bisher heiße Luft, oder ist da etwas verkündet worden, dass man nicht mitbekommen hat?

Trump ist nicht der Retter der Welt! Mit dem Projekt Warp-Speed geht es jetzt weiter mit Stargate. Hier sollen 500 Milliarden Dollar in die mRNA-Forschung zur Bekämpfung von Krebs und in die KI-Infrastruktur bereitgestellt werden. Welche Rolle spielen Thiel mit Palantir und Musk mit Neurolink und weitere Tech-Giganten? Digitale Identitäten sollen die illegalen Einwanderer abhalten, zum Schutz der eigenen Bevölkerung. Wer sagt denn, dass hier nicht ein totaler Überwachungsstaat installiert werden soll? Man muss Speck in die Mausefalle legen, damit die Maus darauf hereinfällt. Und dann – schnappt sie zu! Vieles, was aus den USA kommt, hört sich erst einmal befreiend an. Basiert das wirklich auf humanen Prinzipien, oder sind am Ende auch hier nur Interessen, wie überall, die treibende Kraft?

Die USA sind keine lupenreine Demokratie, genauso wenig wie Russland, denn am Ende zählt, wer das meiste Geld zusammenbekommen hat, um an die Macht zu kommen. Das ist wohl eher eine "Moneykratie", eine Geldherrschaft. Einmal sind es die Demokraten, ein anderes Mal sind es die Republikaner. Am Ende ziehen immer diejenigen die Strippen, die dahinterstehen, die man nicht sieht, die Einser, die aus den vielen Nullen eine Tausend machen, damit sie ihre Macht entfalten können. Wer entscheidet denn, wer die guten Reichen und wer die bösen Reichen sind? Am Ende verdirbt Geld und Macht bei allen den Charakter. Und was die sogenannten Philanthropen anrichten können, hat man ja in vollen Zügen „genießen“ dürfen. Raus aus der WHO, ein richtiger Schritt der USA und Argentiniens. Und was ist mit den anderen Staaten? Auch hier tut sich Deutschland wieder einmal in besonders unangenehmer Weise durch zusätzliche Geldspritzen hervor.

Wir sollten endlich innerhalb unserer Menschheitsentwicklung erwachsen werden, uns von dem Gedanken verabschieden und uns darauf verlassen, dass Mama und Papa es schon richten werden. Mit wirklicher Freiheit umzugehen, muss gelernt sein. Wir müssen aus der Freiheits-Simulation aufwachen. Das macht vielen Angst, weil Freiheit mit Selbstverantwortung, Selbstermächtigung und Selbstdenken zu tun hat. Die Auswahl in einem 5 Meter langen Joghurt-Regal hat nichts mit Freiheit zu tun!

Bisher wurden wir in den sogenannten Demokratien darauf hin konditioniert, dass wir unser Kreuzchen machen, damit wir jemanden haben, auf den wir schimpfen können: Die da oben! Und die da oben, interessiert das einen feuchten Kehricht. Das muss aufhören!

Wir müssen unser Schicksal und Wohlergehen endlich selbst in die Hand nehmen.

Alle Systeme, und klingen sie noch so verlockend, dienen der Steuerung und Lenkung von Massen, weil einige Wenige glauben zu wissen, was gut für uns ist. Dabei sollten wir das doch selbst am allerbesten wissen. Dazu gehört vor allem die Freiheit, die kein System wirklich zulassen kann, auch die USA nicht, weil das den absoluten Machtverlust für es bedeuten würde.

Selbst, wenn sich unter dem Vorangegangenen, Wirres für den Leser befinden sollte, es sind eigene Gedanken und eine Meinung, die immer noch besser ist, als die vorbereiteten, geschälten Apfelscheite von einem Tellerchen aufzunehmen, gedankenlos in den Mund zu stecken, leicht durchzukauen und herunterzuschlucken, so, wie es bei denen, die immer noch vor dem Fernseher hocken und glauben, was ihnen da vorgelogen wird, der Fall ist.

Insasse der Freiluft-Irrenanstalt, bediene Dich Deines eigenen Verstandes und heile Dich selbst von der Massenpsychose, in die man Dich durch jahrelange Gehirnwäsche getrieben hat. Schock den Staat, denke selbst!

@ 6ad3e2a3:c90b7740

I’ve written about MSTR twice already, https://www.chrisliss.com/p/mstr and https://www.chrisliss.com/p/mstr-part-2, but I want to focus on legendary short seller James Chanos’ current trade wherein he buys bitcoin (via ETF) and shorts MSTR, in essence to “be like Mike” Saylor who sells MSTR shares at the market and uses them to add bitcoin to the company’s balance sheet. After all, if it’s good enough for Saylor, why shouldn’t everyone be doing it — shorting a company whose stock price is more than 2x its bitcoin holdings and using the proceeds to buy the bitcoin itself?

Saylor himself has said selling shares at 2x NAV (net asset value) to buy bitcoin is like selling dollars for two dollars each, and Chanos has apparently decided to get in while the getting (market cap more than 2x net asset value) is good. If the price of bitcoin moons, sending MSTR’s shares up, you are more than hedged in that event, too. At least that’s the theory.

The problem with this bet against MSTR’s mNAV, i.e., you are betting MSTR’s market cap will converge 1:1 toward its NAV in the short and medium term is this trade does not exist in a vacuum. Saylor has described how his ATM’s (at the market) sales of shares are accretive in BTC per share because of this very premium they carry. Yes, we’ll dilute your shares of the company, but because we’re getting you 2x the bitcoin per share, you are getting an ever smaller slice of an ever bigger overall pie, and the pie is growing 2x faster than your slice is reducing. (I https://www.chrisliss.com/p/mstr how this works in my first post.)

But for this accretion to continue, there must be a constant supply of “greater fools” to pony up for the infinitely printable shares which contain only half their value in underlying bitcoin. Yes, those shares will continue to accrete more BTC per share, but only if there are more fools willing to make this trade in the future. So will there be a constant supply of such “fools” to keep fueling MSTR’s mNAV multiple indefinitely?

Yes, there will be in my opinion because you have to look at the trade from the prospective fools’ perspective. Those “fools” are not trading bitcoin for MSTR, they are trading their dollars, selling other equities to raise them maybe, but in the end it’s a dollars for shares trade. They are not selling bitcoin for them.

You might object that those same dollars could buy bitcoin instead, so they are surely trading the opportunity cost of buying bitcoin for them, but if only 5-10 percent of the market (or less) is buying bitcoin itself, the bucket in which which those “fools” reside is the entire non-bitcoin-buying equity market. (And this is not considering the even larger debt market which Saylor has yet to tap in earnest.)

So for those 90-95 percent who do not and are not presently planning to own bitcoin itself, is buying MSTR a fool’s errand, so to speak? Not remotely. If MSTR shares are infinitely printable ATM, they are still less so than the dollar and other fiat currencies. And MSTR shares are backed 2:1 by bitcoin itself, while the fiat currencies are backed by absolutely nothing. So if you hold dollars or euros, trading them for MSTR shares is an errand more sage than foolish.

That’s why this trade (buying BTC and shorting MSTR) is so dangerous. Not only are there many people who won’t buy BTC buying MSTR, there are many funds and other investment entities who are only able to buy MSTR.

Do you want to get BTC at 1:1 with the 5-10 percent or MSTR backed 2:1 with the 90-95 percent. This is a bit like medical tests that have a 95 percent accuracy rate for an asymptomatic disease that only one percent of the population has. If someone tests positive, it’s more likely to be a false one than an indication he has the disease*. The accuracy rate, even at 19:1, is subservient to the size of the respective populations.

At some point this will no longer be the case, but so long as the understanding of bitcoin is not widespread, so long as the dollar is still the unit of account, the “greater fools” buying MSTR are still miles ahead of the greatest fools buying neither, and the stock price and mNAV should only increase.

. . .

One other thought: it’s more work to play defense than offense because the person on offense knows where he’s going, and the defender can only react to him once he moves. Similarly, Saylor by virtue of being the issuer of the shares knows when more will come online while Chanos and other short sellers are borrowing them to sell in reaction to Saylor’s strategy. At any given moment, Saylor can pause anytime, choosing to issue convertible debt or preferred shares with which to buy more bitcoin, and the shorts will not be given advance notice.

If the price runs, and there is no ATM that week because Saylor has stopped on a dime, so to speak, the shorts will be left having to scramble to change directions and buy the shares back to cover. Their momentum might be in the wrong direction, though, and like Allen Iverson breaking ankles with a crossover, Saylor might trigger a massive short squeeze, rocketing the share price ever higher. That’s why he actually welcomes Chanos et al trying this copycat strategy — it becomes the fuel for outsized gains.

For that reason, news that Chanos is shorting MSTR has not shaken my conviction, though there are other more pertinent https://www.chrisliss.com/p/mstr-part-2 with MSTR, of which one should be aware. And as always, do your own due diligence before investing in anything.

* To understand this, consider a population of 100,000, with one percent having a disease. That means 1,000 have it, 99,000 do not. If the test is 95 percent accurate, and everyone is tested, 950 of the 1,000 will test positive (true positives), 50 who have it will test negative (false negatives.) Of the positives, 95 percent of 99,000 (94,050) will test negative (true negatives) and five percent (4,950) will test positive (false positives). That means 4,950 out of 5,900 positives (84%) will be false.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

Bitcoin: Um sistema de dinheiro eletrônico direto entre pessoas.

Satoshi Nakamoto
satoshin@gmx.com
www.bitcoin.org

---

Resumo

O Bitcoin é uma forma de dinheiro digital que permite pagamentos diretos entre pessoas, sem a necessidade de um banco ou instituição financeira. Ele resolve um problema chamado gasto duplo, que ocorre quando alguém tenta gastar o mesmo dinheiro duas vezes. Para evitar isso, o Bitcoin usa uma rede descentralizada onde todos trabalham juntos para verificar e registrar as transações.

As transações são registradas em um livro público chamado blockchain, protegido por uma técnica chamada Prova de Trabalho. Essa técnica cria uma cadeia de registros que não pode ser alterada sem refazer todo o trabalho já feito. Essa cadeia é mantida pelos computadores que participam da rede, e a mais longa é considerada a verdadeira.

Enquanto a maior parte do poder computacional da rede for controlada por participantes honestos, o sistema continuará funcionando de forma segura. A rede é flexível, permitindo que qualquer pessoa entre ou saia a qualquer momento, sempre confiando na cadeia mais longa como prova do que aconteceu.

---

1. Introdução

Hoje, quase todos os pagamentos feitos pela internet dependem de bancos ou empresas como processadores de pagamento (cartões de crédito, por exemplo) para funcionar. Embora esse sistema seja útil, ele tem problemas importantes porque é baseado em confiança.

Primeiro, essas empresas podem reverter pagamentos, o que é útil em caso de erros, mas cria custos e incertezas. Isso faz com que pequenas transações, como pagar centavos por um serviço, se tornem inviáveis. Além disso, os comerciantes são obrigados a desconfiar dos clientes, pedindo informações extras e aceitando fraudes como algo inevitável.

Esses problemas não existem no dinheiro físico, como o papel-moeda, onde o pagamento é final e direto entre as partes. No entanto, não temos como enviar dinheiro físico pela internet sem depender de um intermediário confiável.

O que precisamos é de um sistema de pagamento eletrônico baseado em provas matemáticas, não em confiança. Esse sistema permitiria que qualquer pessoa enviasse dinheiro diretamente para outra, sem depender de bancos ou processadores de pagamento. Além disso, as transações seriam irreversíveis, protegendo vendedores contra fraudes, mas mantendo a possibilidade de soluções para disputas legítimas.

Neste documento, apresentamos o Bitcoin, que resolve o problema do gasto duplo usando uma rede descentralizada. Essa rede cria um registro público e protegido por cálculos matemáticos, que garante a ordem das transações. Enquanto a maior parte da rede for controlada por pessoas honestas, o sistema será seguro contra ataques.

---

2. Transações

Para entender como funciona o Bitcoin, é importante saber como as transações são realizadas. Imagine que você quer transferir uma "moeda digital" para outra pessoa. No sistema do Bitcoin, essa "moeda" é representada por uma sequência de registros que mostram quem é o atual dono. Para transferi-la, você adiciona um novo registro comprovando que agora ela pertence ao próximo dono. Esse registro é protegido por um tipo especial de assinatura digital.

O que é uma assinatura digital?

Uma assinatura digital é como uma senha secreta, mas muito mais segura. No Bitcoin, cada usuário tem duas chaves: uma "chave privada", que é secreta e serve para criar a assinatura, e uma "chave pública", que pode ser compartilhada com todos e é usada para verificar se a assinatura é válida. Quando você transfere uma moeda, usa sua chave privada para assinar a transação, provando que você é o dono. A próxima pessoa pode usar sua chave pública para confirmar isso.

Como funciona na prática?

Cada "moeda" no Bitcoin é, na verdade, uma cadeia de assinaturas digitais. Vamos imaginar o seguinte cenário:

1. A moeda está com o Dono 0 (você). Para transferi-la ao Dono 1, você assina digitalmente a transação com sua chave privada. Essa assinatura inclui o código da transação anterior (chamado de "hash") e a chave pública do Dono 1.
2. Quando o Dono 1 quiser transferir a moeda ao Dono 2, ele assinará a transação seguinte com sua própria chave privada, incluindo também o hash da transação anterior e a chave pública do Dono 2.
3. Esse processo continua, formando uma "cadeia" de transações. Qualquer pessoa pode verificar essa cadeia para confirmar quem é o atual dono da moeda.

Resolvendo o problema do gasto duplo

Um grande desafio com moedas digitais é o "gasto duplo", que é quando uma mesma moeda é usada em mais de uma transação. Para evitar isso, muitos sistemas antigos dependiam de uma entidade central confiável, como uma casa da moeda, que verificava todas as transações. No entanto, isso criava um ponto único de falha e centralizava o controle do dinheiro.

O Bitcoin resolve esse problema de forma inovadora: ele usa uma rede descentralizada onde todos os participantes (os "nós") têm acesso a um registro completo de todas as transações. Cada nó verifica se as transações são válidas e se a moeda não foi gasta duas vezes. Quando a maioria dos nós concorda com a validade de uma transação, ela é registrada permanentemente na blockchain.

Por que isso é importante?

Essa solução elimina a necessidade de confiar em uma única entidade para gerenciar o dinheiro, permitindo que qualquer pessoa no mundo use o Bitcoin sem precisar de permissão de terceiros. Além disso, ela garante que o sistema seja seguro e resistente a fraudes.

---

3. Servidor Timestamp

Para assegurar que as transações sejam realizadas de forma segura e transparente, o sistema Bitcoin utiliza algo chamado de "servidor de registro de tempo" (timestamp). Esse servidor funciona como um registro público que organiza as transações em uma ordem específica.

Ele faz isso agrupando várias transações em blocos e criando um código único chamado "hash". Esse hash é como uma impressão digital que representa todo o conteúdo do bloco. O hash de cada bloco é amplamente divulgado, como se fosse publicado em um jornal ou em um fórum público.

Esse processo garante que cada bloco de transações tenha um registro de quando foi criado e que ele existia naquele momento. Além disso, cada novo bloco criado contém o hash do bloco anterior, formando uma cadeia contínua de blocos conectados — conhecida como blockchain.

Com isso, se alguém tentar alterar qualquer informação em um bloco anterior, o hash desse bloco mudará e não corresponderá ao hash armazenado no bloco seguinte. Essa característica torna a cadeia muito segura, pois qualquer tentativa de fraude seria imediatamente detectada.

O sistema de timestamps é essencial para provar a ordem cronológica das transações e garantir que cada uma delas seja única e autêntica. Dessa forma, ele reforça a segurança e a confiança na rede Bitcoin.

---

4. Prova-de-Trabalho

Para implementar o registro de tempo distribuído no sistema Bitcoin, utilizamos um mecanismo chamado prova-de-trabalho. Esse sistema é semelhante ao Hashcash, desenvolvido por Adam Back, e baseia-se na criação de um código único, o "hash", por meio de um processo computacionalmente exigente.

A prova-de-trabalho envolve encontrar um valor especial que, quando processado junto com as informações do bloco, gere um hash que comece com uma quantidade específica de zeros. Esse valor especial é chamado de "nonce". Encontrar o nonce correto exige um esforço significativo do computador, porque envolve tentativas repetidas até que a condição seja satisfeita.

Esse processo é importante porque torna extremamente difícil alterar qualquer informação registrada em um bloco. Se alguém tentar mudar algo em um bloco, seria necessário refazer o trabalho de computação não apenas para aquele bloco, mas também para todos os blocos que vêm depois dele. Isso garante a segurança e a imutabilidade da blockchain.

A prova-de-trabalho também resolve o problema de decidir qual cadeia de blocos é a válida quando há múltiplas cadeias competindo. A decisão é feita pela cadeia mais longa, pois ela representa o maior esforço computacional já realizado. Isso impede que qualquer indivíduo ou grupo controle a rede, desde que a maioria do poder de processamento seja mantida por participantes honestos.

Para garantir que o sistema permaneça eficiente e equilibrado, a dificuldade da prova-de-trabalho é ajustada automaticamente ao longo do tempo. Se novos blocos estiverem sendo gerados rapidamente, a dificuldade aumenta; se estiverem sendo gerados muito lentamente, a dificuldade diminui. Esse ajuste assegura que novos blocos sejam criados aproximadamente a cada 10 minutos, mantendo o sistema estável e funcional.

---

5. Rede

A rede Bitcoin é o coração do sistema e funciona de maneira distribuída, conectando vários participantes (ou nós) para garantir o registro e a validação das transações. Os passos para operar essa rede são:

1. Transmissão de Transações: Quando alguém realiza uma nova transação, ela é enviada para todos os nós da rede. Isso é feito para garantir que todos estejam cientes da operação e possam validá-la.

2. Coleta de Transações em Blocos: Cada nó agrupa as novas transações recebidas em um "bloco". Este bloco será preparado para ser adicionado à cadeia de blocos (a blockchain).

3. Prova-de-Trabalho: Os nós competem para resolver a prova-de-trabalho do bloco, utilizando poder computacional para encontrar um hash válido. Esse processo é como resolver um quebra-cabeça matemático difícil.

4. Envio do Bloco Resolvido: Quando um nó encontra a solução para o bloco (a prova-de-trabalho), ele compartilha esse bloco com todos os outros nós na rede.

5. Validação do Bloco: Cada nó verifica o bloco recebido para garantir que todas as transações nele contidas sejam válidas e que nenhuma moeda tenha sido gasta duas vezes. Apenas blocos válidos são aceitos.

6. Construção do Próximo Bloco: Os nós que aceitaram o bloco começam a trabalhar na criação do próximo bloco, utilizando o hash do bloco aceito como base (hash anterior). Isso mantém a continuidade da cadeia.

Resolução de Conflitos e Escolha da Cadeia Mais Longa

Os nós sempre priorizam a cadeia mais longa, pois ela representa o maior esforço computacional já realizado, garantindo maior segurança. Se dois blocos diferentes forem compartilhados simultaneamente, os nós trabalharão no primeiro bloco recebido, mas guardarão o outro como uma alternativa. Caso o segundo bloco eventualmente forme uma cadeia mais longa (ou seja, tenha mais blocos subsequentes), os nós mudarão para essa nova cadeia.

Tolerância a Falhas

A rede é robusta e pode lidar com mensagens que não chegam a todos os nós. Uma transação não precisa alcançar todos os nós de imediato; basta que chegue a um número suficiente deles para ser incluída em um bloco. Da mesma forma, se um nó não receber um bloco em tempo hábil, ele pode solicitá-lo ao perceber que está faltando quando o próximo bloco é recebido.

Esse mecanismo descentralizado permite que a rede Bitcoin funcione de maneira segura, confiável e resiliente, sem depender de uma autoridade central.

---

6. Incentivo

O incentivo é um dos pilares fundamentais que sustenta o funcionamento da rede Bitcoin, garantindo que os participantes (nós) continuem operando de forma honesta e contribuindo com recursos computacionais. Ele é estruturado em duas partes principais: a recompensa por mineração e as taxas de transação.

Recompensa por Mineração

Por convenção, o primeiro registro em cada bloco é uma transação especial que cria novas moedas e as atribui ao criador do bloco. Essa recompensa incentiva os mineradores a dedicarem poder computacional para apoiar a rede. Como não há uma autoridade central para emitir moedas, essa é a maneira pela qual novas moedas entram em circulação. Esse processo pode ser comparado ao trabalho de garimpeiros, que utilizam recursos para colocar mais ouro em circulação. No caso do Bitcoin, o "recurso" consiste no tempo de CPU e na energia elétrica consumida para resolver a prova-de-trabalho.

Taxas de Transação

Além da recompensa por mineração, os mineradores também podem ser incentivados pelas taxas de transação. Se uma transação utiliza menos valor de saída do que o valor de entrada, a diferença é tratada como uma taxa, que é adicionada à recompensa do bloco contendo essa transação. Com o passar do tempo e à medida que o número de moedas em circulação atinge o limite predeterminado, essas taxas de transação se tornam a principal fonte de incentivo, substituindo gradualmente a emissão de novas moedas. Isso permite que o sistema opere sem inflação, uma vez que o número total de moedas permanece fixo.

Incentivo à Honestidade

O design do incentivo também busca garantir que os participantes da rede mantenham um comportamento honesto. Para um atacante que consiga reunir mais poder computacional do que o restante da rede, ele enfrentaria duas escolhas:

1. Usar esse poder para fraudar o sistema, como reverter transações e roubar pagamentos.
2. Seguir as regras do sistema, criando novos blocos e recebendo recompensas legítimas.

A lógica econômica favorece a segunda opção, pois um comportamento desonesto prejudicaria a confiança no sistema, diminuindo o valor de todas as moedas, incluindo aquelas que o próprio atacante possui. Jogar dentro das regras não apenas maximiza o retorno financeiro, mas também preserva a validade e a integridade do sistema.

Esse mecanismo garante que os incentivos econômicos estejam alinhados com o objetivo de manter a rede segura, descentralizada e funcional ao longo do tempo.

---

7. Recuperação do Espaço em Disco

Depois que uma moeda passa a estar protegida por muitos blocos na cadeia, as informações sobre as transações antigas que a geraram podem ser descartadas para economizar espaço em disco. Para que isso seja possível sem comprometer a segurança, as transações são organizadas em uma estrutura chamada "árvore de Merkle". Essa árvore funciona como um resumo das transações: em vez de armazenar todas elas, guarda apenas um "hash raiz", que é como uma assinatura compacta que representa todo o grupo de transações.

Os blocos antigos podem, então, ser simplificados, removendo as partes desnecessárias dessa árvore. Apenas a raiz do hash precisa ser mantida no cabeçalho do bloco, garantindo que a integridade dos dados seja preservada, mesmo que detalhes específicos sejam descartados.

Para exemplificar: imagine que você tenha vários recibos de compra. Em vez de guardar todos os recibos, você cria um documento e lista apenas o valor total de cada um. Mesmo que os recibos originais sejam descartados, ainda é possível verificar a soma com base nos valores armazenados.

Além disso, o espaço ocupado pelos blocos em si é muito pequeno. Cada bloco sem transações ocupa apenas cerca de 80 bytes. Isso significa que, mesmo com blocos sendo gerados a cada 10 minutos, o crescimento anual em espaço necessário é insignificante: apenas 4,2 MB por ano. Com a capacidade de armazenamento dos computadores crescendo a cada ano, esse espaço continuará sendo trivial, garantindo que a rede possa operar de forma eficiente sem problemas de armazenamento, mesmo a longo prazo.

---

8. Verificação de Pagamento Simplificada

É possível confirmar pagamentos sem a necessidade de operar um nó completo da rede. Para isso, o usuário precisa apenas de uma cópia dos cabeçalhos dos blocos da cadeia mais longa (ou seja, a cadeia com maior esforço de trabalho acumulado). Ele pode verificar a validade de uma transação ao consultar os nós da rede até obter a confirmação de que tem a cadeia mais longa. Para isso, utiliza-se o ramo Merkle, que conecta a transação ao bloco em que ela foi registrada.

Entretanto, o método simplificado possui limitações: ele não pode confirmar uma transação isoladamente, mas sim assegurar que ela ocupa um lugar específico na cadeia mais longa. Dessa forma, se um nó da rede aprova a transação, os blocos subsequentes reforçam essa aceitação.

A verificação simplificada é confiável enquanto a maioria dos nós da rede for honesta. Contudo, ela se torna vulnerável caso a rede seja dominada por um invasor. Nesse cenário, um atacante poderia fabricar transações fraudulentas que enganariam o usuário temporariamente até que o invasor obtivesse controle completo da rede.

Uma estratégia para mitigar esse risco é configurar alertas nos softwares de nós completos. Esses alertas identificam blocos inválidos, sugerindo ao usuário baixar o bloco completo para confirmar qualquer inconsistência. Para maior segurança, empresas que realizam pagamentos frequentes podem preferir operar seus próprios nós, reduzindo riscos e permitindo uma verificação mais direta e confiável.

---

9. Combinando e Dividindo Valor

No sistema Bitcoin, cada unidade de valor é tratada como uma "moeda" individual, mas gerenciar cada centavo como uma transação separada seria impraticável. Para resolver isso, o Bitcoin permite que valores sejam combinados ou divididos em transações, facilitando pagamentos de qualquer valor.

Entradas e Saídas

Cada transação no Bitcoin é composta por:

• Entradas: Representam os valores recebidos em transações anteriores.
• Saídas: Correspondem aos valores enviados, divididos entre os destinatários e, eventualmente, o troco para o remetente.

Normalmente, uma transação contém:

• Uma única entrada com valor suficiente para cobrir o pagamento.
• Ou várias entradas combinadas para atingir o valor necessário.

O valor total das saídas nunca excede o das entradas, e a diferença (se houver) pode ser retornada ao remetente como troco.

Exemplo Prático

Imagine que você tem duas entradas:

1. 0,03 BTC
2. 0,07 BTC

Se deseja enviar 0,08 BTC para alguém, a transação terá:

• Entrada: As duas entradas combinadas (0,03 + 0,07 BTC = 0,10 BTC).
• Saídas: Uma para o destinatário (0,08 BTC) e outra como troco para você (0,02 BTC).

Essa flexibilidade permite que o sistema funcione sem precisar manipular cada unidade mínima individualmente.

Difusão e Simplificação

A difusão de transações, onde uma depende de várias anteriores e assim por diante, não representa um problema. Não é necessário armazenar ou verificar o histórico completo de uma transação para utilizá-la, já que o registro na blockchain garante sua integridade.

---

10. Privacidade

O modelo bancário tradicional oferece um certo nível de privacidade, limitando o acesso às informações financeiras apenas às partes envolvidas e a um terceiro confiável (como bancos ou instituições financeiras). No entanto, o Bitcoin opera de forma diferente, pois todas as transações são publicamente registradas na blockchain. Apesar disso, a privacidade pode ser mantida utilizando chaves públicas anônimas, que desvinculam diretamente as transações das identidades das partes envolvidas.

Fluxo de Informação

• No modelo tradicional, as transações passam por um terceiro confiável que conhece tanto o remetente quanto o destinatário.
• No Bitcoin, as transações são anunciadas publicamente, mas sem revelar diretamente as identidades das partes. Isso é comparável a dados divulgados por bolsas de valores, onde informações como o tempo e o tamanho das negociações (a "fita") são públicas, mas as identidades das partes não.

Protegendo a Privacidade

Para aumentar a privacidade no Bitcoin, são adotadas as seguintes práticas:

1. Chaves Públicas Anônimas: Cada transação utiliza um par de chaves diferentes, dificultando a associação com um proprietário único.
2. Prevenção de Ligação: Ao usar chaves novas para cada transação, reduz-se a possibilidade de links evidentes entre múltiplas transações realizadas pelo mesmo usuário.

Riscos de Ligação

Embora a privacidade seja fortalecida, alguns riscos permanecem:

• Transações multi-entrada podem revelar que todas as entradas pertencem ao mesmo proprietário, caso sejam necessárias para somar o valor total.
• O proprietário da chave pode ser identificado indiretamente por transações anteriores que estejam conectadas.

---

11. Cálculos

Imagine que temos um sistema onde as pessoas (ou computadores) competem para adicionar informações novas (blocos) a um grande registro público (a cadeia de blocos ou blockchain). Este registro é como um livro contábil compartilhado, onde todos podem verificar o que está escrito.

Agora, vamos pensar em um cenário: um atacante quer enganar o sistema. Ele quer mudar informações já registradas para beneficiar a si mesmo, por exemplo, desfazendo um pagamento que já fez. Para isso, ele precisa criar uma versão alternativa do livro contábil (a cadeia de blocos dele) e convencer todos os outros participantes de que essa versão é a verdadeira.

Mas isso é extremamente difícil.

Como o Ataque Funciona

Quando um novo bloco é adicionado à cadeia, ele depende de cálculos complexos que levam tempo e esforço. Esses cálculos são como um grande quebra-cabeça que precisa ser resolvido.

• Os “bons jogadores” (nós honestos) estão sempre trabalhando juntos para resolver esses quebra-cabeças e adicionar novos blocos à cadeia verdadeira.
• O atacante, por outro lado, precisa resolver quebra-cabeças sozinho, tentando “alcançar” a cadeia honesta para que sua versão alternativa pareça válida.

Se a cadeia honesta já está vários blocos à frente, o atacante começa em desvantagem, e o sistema está projetado para que a dificuldade de alcançá-los aumente rapidamente.

A Corrida Entre Cadeias

Você pode imaginar isso como uma corrida. A cada bloco novo que os jogadores honestos adicionam à cadeia verdadeira, eles se distanciam mais do atacante. Para vencer, o atacante teria que resolver os quebra-cabeças mais rápido que todos os outros jogadores honestos juntos.

Suponha que:

• A rede honesta tem 80% do poder computacional (ou seja, resolve 8 de cada 10 quebra-cabeças).
• O atacante tem 20% do poder computacional (ou seja, resolve 2 de cada 10 quebra-cabeças).

Cada vez que a rede honesta adiciona um bloco, o atacante tem que "correr atrás" e resolver mais quebra-cabeças para alcançar.

Por Que o Ataque Fica Cada Vez Mais Improvável?

Vamos usar uma fórmula simples para mostrar como as chances de sucesso do atacante diminuem conforme ele precisa "alcançar" mais blocos:

P = (q/p)^z

• q é o poder computacional do atacante (20%, ou 0,2).
• p é o poder computacional da rede honesta (80%, ou 0,8).
• z é a diferença de blocos entre a cadeia honesta e a cadeia do atacante.

Se o atacante está 5 blocos atrás (z = 5):

P = (0,2 / 0,8)^5 = (0,25)^5 = 0,00098, (ou, 0,098%)

Isso significa que o atacante tem menos de 0,1% de chance de sucesso — ou seja, é muito improvável.

Se ele estiver 10 blocos atrás (z = 10):

P = (0,2 / 0,8)^10 = (0,25)^10 = 0,000000095, (ou, 0,0000095%).

Neste caso, as chances de sucesso são praticamente nulas.

Um Exemplo Simples

Se você jogar uma moeda, a chance de cair “cara” é de 50%. Mas se precisar de 10 caras seguidas, sua chance já é bem menor. Se precisar de 20 caras seguidas, é quase impossível.

No caso do Bitcoin, o atacante precisa de muito mais do que 20 caras seguidas. Ele precisa resolver quebra-cabeças extremamente difíceis e alcançar os jogadores honestos que estão sempre à frente. Isso faz com que o ataque seja inviável na prática.

Por Que Tudo Isso é Seguro?

• A probabilidade de sucesso do atacante diminui exponencialmente. Isso significa que, quanto mais tempo passa, menor é a chance de ele conseguir enganar o sistema.
• A cadeia verdadeira (honesta) está protegida pela força da rede. Cada novo bloco que os jogadores honestos adicionam à cadeia torna mais difícil para o atacante alcançar.

E Se o Atacante Tentar Continuar?

O atacante poderia continuar tentando indefinidamente, mas ele estaria gastando muito tempo e energia sem conseguir nada. Enquanto isso, os jogadores honestos estão sempre adicionando novos blocos, tornando o trabalho do atacante ainda mais inútil.

Assim, o sistema garante que a cadeia verdadeira seja extremamente segura e que ataques sejam, na prática, impossíveis de ter sucesso.

---

12. Conclusão

Propusemos um sistema de transações eletrônicas que elimina a necessidade de confiança, baseando-se em assinaturas digitais e em uma rede peer-to-peer que utiliza prova de trabalho. Isso resolve o problema do gasto duplo, criando um histórico público de transações imutável, desde que a maioria do poder computacional permaneça sob controle dos participantes honestos. A rede funciona de forma simples e descentralizada, com nós independentes que não precisam de identificação ou coordenação direta. Eles entram e saem livremente, aceitando a cadeia de prova de trabalho como registro do que ocorreu durante sua ausência. As decisões são tomadas por meio do poder de CPU, validando blocos legítimos, estendendo a cadeia e rejeitando os inválidos. Com este mecanismo de consenso, todas as regras e incentivos necessários para o funcionamento seguro e eficiente do sistema são garantidos.

---

Faça o download do whitepaper original em português: https://bitcoin.org/files/bitcoin-paper/bitcoin_pt_br.pdf

@ 4c96d763:80c3ee30

Changes

Fernando López Guevara (2):

• feat(column): add tooltip on remove column button
• feat(hashtag-column): handle new hashtag on Enter key press

pushed to notedeck:refs/heads/master

@ d360efec:14907b5f

@ 472f440f:5669301e

Marty's Bent

via me

Don't sleep on what's happening in Japan right now. We've been covering the country and the fact that they've lost control of their yield curve since late last year. After many years of making it a top priority from a monetary policy perspective, last year the Bank of Japan decided to give up on yield curve control in an attempt to reel inflation. This has sent yields for the 30-year and 40-year Japanese government bonds to levels not seen since the early 2000s in the case of the 30-year and levels never before seen for the 40-year, which was launched in 2007. With a debt to GDP ratio that has surpassed 250% and a population that is aging out with an insufficient amount of births to replace the aging workforce, it's hard to see how Japan can get out of this conundrum without some sort of economic collapse.

This puts the United States in a tough position considering the fact that Japan is one of the largest holders of U.S. Treasury bonds with more than 1,135 sats | $1.20 trillion in exposure. If things get too out of control in Japan and the yield curve continues to drift higher and inflation continues to creep higher Japan can find itself in a situation where it's a forced seller of US Treasuries as they attempt to strengthen the yen. Another aspect to consider is the fact that investors may see the higher yields on Japanese government bonds and decide to purchase them instead of US Treasuries. This is something to keep an eye on in the weeks to come. Particularly if higher rates drive a higher cost of capital, which leads to even more inflation. As producers are forced to increase their prices to ensure that they can manage their debt repayments.

It's never a good sign when the Japanese Prime Minister is coming out to proclaim that his country's financial situation is worse than Greece's, which has been a laughing stock of Europe for the better part of three decades. Japan is a very proud nation, and the fact that its Prime Minister made a statement like this should not be underappreciated.

As we noted last week, the 10-year and 30-year U.S. Treasury bonds are drifting higher as well. Earlier today, the 30-year bond yield surpassed 5%, which has been a psychological level that many have been pointed to as a critical tipping point. When you take a step back and look around the world it seems pretty clear that bond markets are sending a very strong signal. And that signal is that something is not well in the back end of the financial system.

This is even made clear when you look at the private sector, particularly at consumer debt. In late March, we warned of the growing trend of buy now, pay later schemes drifting down market as major credit card companies released charge-off data which showed charge-off rates reaching levels not seen since the 2008 great financial crisis. At the time, we could only surmise that Klarna was experiencing similar charge-off rates on the bigger-ticket items they financed and started doing deals with companies like DoorDash to finance burrito deliveries in an attempt to move down market to finance smaller ticket items with a higher potential of getting paid back. It seems like that inclination was correct as Klarna released data earlier today showing more losses on their book as consumers find it extremely hard to pay back their debts.

via NewsWire

This news hit the markets on the same day as the average rate of the 30-year mortgage in the United States rose to 7.04%. I'm not sure if you've checked lately, but real estate prices are still relatively elevated outside of a few big cities who expanded supply significantly during the COVID era as people flooded out of blue states towards red states. It's hard to imagine that many people can afford a house based off of sticker price alone, but with a 7% 30-year mortgage rate it's becoming clear that the ability of the Common Man to buy a house is simply becoming impossible.

via Lance Lambert

The mortgage rate data is not the only thing you need to look at to understand that it's becoming impossible for the Common Man of working age to buy a house. New data has recently been released that highlights That the median home buyer in 2007 was born in 1968, and the median home buyer in 2024 was born in 1968. Truly wild when you think of it. As our friend Darth Powell cheekily highlights below, we find ourselves in a situation where boomers are simply trading houses and the younger generations are becoming indentured slaves. Forever destined to rent because of the complete inability to afford to buy a house.

via Darth Powell

via Yahoo Finance

Meanwhile, Bitcoin re-approached all-time highs late this evening and looks primed for another breakout to the upside. This makes sense if you're paying attention. The high-velocity trash economy running on an obscene amount of debt in both the public and private sectors seems to be breaking at the seams. All the alarm bells are signaling that another big print is coming. And if you hope to preserve your purchasing power or, ideally, increase it as the big print approaches, the only thing that makes sense is to funnel your money into the hardest asset in the world, which is Bitcoin.

via Bitbo

Buckle up, freaks. It's gonna be a bumpy ride. Stay humble, Stack Sats.

Trump's Middle East Peace Strategy: Redefining U.S. Foreign Policy

In his recent Middle East tour, President Trump signaled what our guest Dr. Anas Alhajji calls "a major change in US policy." Trump explicitly rejected the nation-building strategies of his predecessors, contrasting the devastation in Afghanistan and Iraq with the prosperity of countries like Saudi Arabia and UAE. This marks a profound shift from both Republican and Democratic foreign policy orthodoxy. As Alhajji noted, Trump's willingness to meet with Syrian President Assad follows a historical pattern where former adversaries eventually become diplomatic partners.

"This is really one of the most important shifts in US foreign policy to say, look, sorry, we destroyed those countries because we tried to rebuild them and it was a big mistake." - Dr. Anas Alhajji

The administration's new approach emphasizes negotiation over intervention. Rather than military solutions, Trump is engaging with groups previously considered off-limits, including the Houthis, Hamas, and Iran. This pragmatic stance prioritizes economic cooperation and regional stability over ideological confrontation. The focus on trade deals and investment rather than regime change represents a fundamental reimagining of America's role in the Middle East.

Check out the full podcast here for more on the Iran nuclear situation, energy market predictions, and why AI development could create power grid challenges. Only on TFTC Studio.

Headlines of the Day

Bitcoin Soars to 100,217 sats | $106.00K While Bonds Lose 40% Since 2020 - via X

US Senate Advances Stablecoin Bill As America Embraces Bitcoin - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Texas House Debates Bill For State-Run Bitcoin Reserve - via X

---

Take the First Step Off the Exchange

Bitkey is an easy, secure way to move your Bitcoin into self-custody. With simple setup and built-in recovery, it’s the perfect starting point for getting your coins off centralized platforms and into cold storage—no complexity, no middlemen.

Take control. Start with Bitkey.

Use the promo code “TFTC20” during checkout for 20% off

---

Ten31, the largest bitcoin-focused investor, has deployed 158,469 sats | $150.00M across 30+ companies through three funds. I am a Managing Partner at Ten31 and am very proud of the work we are doing. Learn more at ten31.vc/invest.

---

Final thought...

Don't let the noise consume you. Focus on making your life 1% better every day.

---

Get this newsletter sent to your inbox daily: https://www.tftc.io/bitcoin-brief/

Subscribe to our YouTube channels and follow us on Nostr and X:

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

🏌️ Monday, May 26 – Bitcoin Golf Championship & Kickoff Party

Location: Las Vegas, Nevada\ Event: 2nd Annual Bitcoin Golf Championship & Kick Off Party"\ Where: Bali Hai Golf Clubhouse, 5160 S Las Vegas Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89119\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!

Details:

• The week tees off in style with the Bitcoin Golf Championship. Swing clubs by day and swing to music by night.

• Live performances from Nostr-powered acts courtesy of Tunestr, including Ainsley Costello and others.

• Stop by the Purple Pill Booth hosted by Derek and Tanja, who will be on-boarding golfers and attendees to the decentralized social future with Nostr.

---

💬 May 27–29 – Bitcoin 2025 Conference at the Las Vegas Convention Center

Location: The Venetian Resort\ Main Attraction for Nostr Fans: The Nostr Lounge\ When: All day, Tuesday through Thursday\ Where: Right outside the Open Source Stage\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!

Come chill at the Nostr Lounge, your home base for all things decentralized social. With seating for \~50, comfy couches, high-tops, and good vibes, it’s the perfect space to meet developers, community leaders, and curious newcomers building the future of censorship-resistant communication.

Bonus: Right across the aisle, you’ll find Shopstr, a decentralized marketplace app built on Nostr. Stop by their booth to explore how peer-to-peer commerce works in a truly open ecosystem.

Daily Highlights at the Lounge:

• ☕️ Hang out casually or sit down for a deeper conversation about the Nostr protocol

• 🔧 1:1 demos from app teams

• 🛍️ Merch available onsite

• 🧠 Impromptu lightning talks

• 🎤 Scheduled Meetups (details below)

---

🎯 Nostr Lounge Meetups

Wednesday, May 28 @ 1:00 PM

• Damus Meetup: Come meet the team behind Damus, the OG Nostr app for iOS that helped kickstart the social revolution. They'll also be showcasing their new cross-platform app, Notedeck, designed for a more unified Nostr experience across devices. Grab some merch, get a demo, and connect directly with the developers.

Thursday, May 29 @ 1:00 PM

• Primal Meetup: Dive into Primal, the slickest Nostr experience available on web, Android, and iOS. With a built-in wallet, zapping your favorite creators and friends has never been easier. The team will be on-site for hands-on demos, Q\&A, merch giveaways, and deeper discussions on building the social layer of Bitcoin.

---

🎙️ Nostr Talks at Bitcoin 2025

If you want to hear from the minds building decentralized social, make sure you attend these two official conference sessions:

1. FROSTR Workshop: Multisig Nostr Signing

• 🕚 Time: 11:30 AM – 12:00 PM

• 📅 Date: Wednesday, May 28

• 📍 Location: Developer Zone

• 🎤 Speaker: nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqgdwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkcqpqs9etjgzjglwlaxdhsveq0qksxyh6xpdpn8ajh69ruetrug957r3qf4ggfm (Austin Kelsay) @ Voltage\ A deep-dive into FROST-based multisig key management for Nostr. Geared toward devs and power users interested in key security.

2. Panel: Decentralizing Social Media

• 🕑 Time: 2:00 PM – 2:30 PM

• 📅 Date: Thursday, May 29

• 📍 Location: Genesis Stage

• 🎙️ Moderator: nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqy08wumn8ghj7mn0wd68yttjv4kxz7fwv3jhyettwfhhxuewd4jsqgxnqajr23msx5malhhcz8paa2t0r70gfjpyncsqx56ztyj2nyyvlq00heps - Bitcoin Strategy @ Roxom TV

• 👥 Speakers:

• nostr:nprofile1qyt8wumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgtcppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qqsy2ga7trfetvd3j65m3jptqw9k39wtq2mg85xz2w542p5dhg06e5qmhlpep – Early Bitcoin dev, CEO @ Sirius Business Ltd

• nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytndv9kxjm3wdahxcqg5waehxw309ahx7um5wfekzarkvyhxuet5qqsw4v882mfjhq9u63j08kzyhqzqxqc8tgf740p4nxnk9jdv02u37ncdhu7e3 – Analyst & Partner @ Ego Death Capital

Get the big-picture perspective on why decentralized social matters and how Nostr fits into the future of digital communication.

---

🌃 NOS VEGAS Meetup & Afterparty

Date: Wednesday, May 28\ Time: 7:00 PM – 1:00 AM\ Location: We All Scream Nightclub, 517 Fremont St., Las Vegas, NV 89101\ 🎟️ Get Tickets!

What to Expect:

• 🎶 Live Music Stage – Featuring Ainsley Costello, Sara Jade, Able James, Martin Groom, Bobby Shell, Jessie Lark, and other V4V artists

• 🪩 DJ Party Deck – With sets by nostr:nprofile1qy0hwumn8ghj7cmgdae82uewd45kketyd9kxwetj9e3k7mf6xs6rgqgcwaehxw309ahx7um5wgh85mm694ek2unk9ehhyecqyq7hpmq75krx2zsywntgtpz5yzwjyg2c7sreardcqmcp0m67xrnkwylzzk4 , nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqgkwaehxw309anx2etywvhxummnw3ezucnpdejqqg967faye3x6fxgnul77ej23l5aew8yj0x2e4a3tq2mkrgzrcvecfsk8xlu3 , and more DJs throwing down

• 🛰️ Live-streamed via Tunestr

• 🧠 Nostr Education – Talks by nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq37amnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3dwfjkccte9ejx2un9ddex7umn9ekk2tcqyqlhwrt96wnkf2w9edgr4cfruchvwkv26q6asdhz4qg08pm6w3djg3c8m4j , nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqg7waehxw309anx2etywvhxummnw3ezucnpdejz7ur0wp6kcctjqqspywh6ulgc0w3k6mwum97m7jkvtxh0lcjr77p9jtlc7f0d27wlxpslwvhau , nostr:nprofile1qy88wumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmv9uq3vamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd33xgetk9en82m30qqsgqke57uygxl0m8elstq26c4mq2erz3dvdtgxwswwvhdh0xcs04sc4u9p7d , nostr:nprofile1q9z8wumn8ghj7erzx3jkvmmzw4eny6tvw368wdt8da4kxamrdvek76mrwg6rwdngw94k67t3v36k77tev3kx7vn2xa5kjem9dp4hjepwd3hkxctvqyg8wumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnhd9hx2qpqyaul8k059377u9lsu67de7y637w4jtgeuwcmh5n7788l6xnlnrgssuy4zk , nostr:nprofile1qy28wue69uhnzvpwxqhrqt33xgmn5dfsx5cqz9thwden5te0v4jx2m3wdehhxarj9ekxzmnyqqswavgevxe9gs43vwylumr7h656mu9vxmw4j6qkafc3nefphzpph8ssvcgf8 , and more.

• 🧾 Vendors & Project Booths – Explore new tools and services

• 🔐 Onboarding Stations – Learn how to use Nostr hands-on

• 🐦 Nostrich Flocking – Meet your favorite nyms IRL

• 🍸 Three Full Bars – Two floors of socializing overlooking vibrant Fremont Street

| | | | | ----------- | -------------------- | ------------------- | | Time | Name | Topic | | 7:30-7:50 | Derek | Nostr for Beginners | | 8:00-8:20 | Mark & Paul | Primal | | 8:30-8:50 | Terry | Damus | | 9:00-9:20 | OpenMike and Ainsley | V4V | | 09:30-09:50 | The Space | Space |

This is the after-party of the year for those who love freedom technology and decentralized social community. Don’t miss it.

---

Final Thoughts

Whether you're there to learn, network, party, or build, Bitcoin 2025 in Las Vegas has a packed week of Nostr-friendly programming. Be sure to catch all the events, visit the Nostr Lounge, and experience the growing decentralized social revolution.

🟣 Find us. Flock with us. Purple pill someone.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

@ f9cf4e94:96abc355

Para esse exemplo iremos usar: | Nome | Imagem | Descrição | | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | Raspberry PI B+ | | Cortex-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit a 1.4GHz e 1 GB de SDRAM LPDDR2, | | Pen drive | | 16Gb |

Recomendo que use o Ubuntu Server para essa instalação. Você pode baixar o Ubuntu para Raspberry Pi aqui. O passo a passo para a instalação do Ubuntu no Raspberry Pi está disponível aqui. Não instale um desktop (como xubuntu, lubuntu, xfce, etc.).

---

Passo 1: Atualizar o Sistema 🖥️

Primeiro, atualize seu sistema e instale o Tor:

bash apt update apt install tor

---

Passo 2: Criar o Arquivo de Serviço nrs.service 🔧

Crie o arquivo de serviço que vai gerenciar o servidor Nostr. Você pode fazer isso com o seguinte conteúdo:

```unit [Unit] Description=Nostr Relay Server Service After=network.target

[Service] Type=simple WorkingDirectory=/opt/nrs ExecStart=/opt/nrs/nrs-arm64 Restart=on-failure

[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```

---

Passo 3: Baixar o Binário do Nostr 🚀

Baixe o binário mais recente do Nostr aqui no GitHub.

---

Passo 4: Criar as Pastas Necessárias 📂

Agora, crie as pastas para o aplicativo e o pendrive:

bash mkdir -p /opt/nrs /mnt/edriver

---

Passo 5: Listar os Dispositivos Conectados 🔌

Para saber qual dispositivo você vai usar, liste todos os dispositivos conectados:

bash lsblk

---

Passo 6: Formatando o Pendrive 💾

Escolha o pendrive correto (por exemplo, /dev/sda) e formate-o:

bash mkfs.vfat /dev/sda

---

Passo 7: Montar o Pendrive 💻

Monte o pendrive na pasta /mnt/edriver:

bash mount /dev/sda /mnt/edriver

---

Passo 8: Verificar UUID dos Dispositivos 📋

Para garantir que o sistema monte o pendrive automaticamente, liste os UUID dos dispositivos conectados:

bash blkid

---

Passo 9: Alterar o fstab para Montar o Pendrive Automáticamente 📝

Abra o arquivo /etc/fstab e adicione uma linha para o pendrive, com o UUID que você obteve no passo anterior. A linha deve ficar assim:

fstab UUID=9c9008f8-f852 /mnt/edriver vfat defaults 0 0

---

Passo 10: Copiar o Binário para a Pasta Correta 📥

Agora, copie o binário baixado para a pasta /opt/nrs:

bash cp nrs-arm64 /opt/nrs

---

Passo 11: Criar o Arquivo de Configuração 🛠️

Crie o arquivo de configuração com o seguinte conteúdo e salve-o em /opt/nrs/config.yaml:

yaml app_env: production info: name: Nostr Relay Server description: Nostr Relay Server pub_key: "" contact: "" url: http://localhost:3334 icon: https://external-content.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u= https://public.bnbstatic.com/image/cms/crawler/COINCU_NEWS/image-495-1024x569.png base_path: /mnt/edriver negentropy: true

---

Passo 12: Copiar o Serviço para o Diretório de Systemd ⚙️

Agora, copie o arquivo nrs.service para o diretório /etc/systemd/system/:

bash cp nrs.service /etc/systemd/system/

Recarregue os serviços e inicie o serviço nrs:

bash systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable --now nrs.service

---

Passo 13: Configurar o Tor 🌐

Abra o arquivo de configuração do Tor /var/lib/tor/torrc e adicione a seguinte linha:

torrc HiddenServiceDir /var/lib/tor/nostr_server/ HiddenServicePort 80 127.0.0.1:3334

---

Passo 14: Habilitar e Iniciar o Tor 🧅

Agora, ative e inicie o serviço Tor:

bash systemctl enable --now tor.service

O Tor irá gerar um endereço .onion para o seu servidor Nostr. Você pode encontrá-lo no arquivo /var/lib/tor/nostr_server/hostname.

---

Observações ⚠️

• Com essa configuração, os dados serão salvos no pendrive, enquanto o binário ficará no cartão SD do Raspberry Pi.
• O endereço .onion do seu servidor Nostr será algo como: ws://y3t5t5wgwjif<exemplo>h42zy7ih6iwbyd.onion.

---

Agora, seu servidor Nostr deve estar configurado e funcionando com Tor! 🥳

Se este artigo e as informações aqui contidas forem úteis para você, convidamos a considerar uma doação ao autor como forma de reconhecimento e incentivo à produção de novos conteúdos.

@ ecda4328:1278f072

An honest response to objections — and an answer to the most important question: why does any of this matter?

---

\ Statement: Deflation is not the enemy, but a natural state in an age of technological progress.\ Criticism: in real macroeconomics, long-term deflation is linked to depressions.\ Deflation discourages borrowers and investors, and makes debt heavier.\ Natural ≠ Safe.

1. “Deflation → Depression, Debt → Heavier”

This is true in a debt-based system. Yes, in a fiat economy, debt balloons to the sky, and without inflation it collapses.

But Bitcoin offers not “deflation for its own sake,” but an environment where you don’t need to be in debt to survive. Where savings don’t melt away.\ Jeff Booth said it clearly:

“Technology is inherently deflationary. Fighting deflation with the printing press is fighting progress.”

You don’t have to take on credit to live in this system. Which means — deflation is not an enemy, but an ally.

💡 People often confuse two concepts:

1. That deflation doesn’t work in an economy built on credit and leverage — that’s true.

2. That deflation itself is bad — that’s a myth.

📉 In reality, deflation is the natural state of a free market when technology makes everything cheaper.

Historical example:\ In the U.S., from the Civil War to the early 1900s, the economy experienced gentle deflation — alongside economic growth, employment expansion, and industrial boom.\ Prices fell: for example, a sack of flour cost \~$1.00 in 1865 and \~$0.50 in 1895 — and there was no crisis, because wages held and productivity increased.

Modern example:\ Consumer electronics over the past 20–30 years are a vivid example of technological deflation:\ – What cost $5,000 in 2000 (e.g., a 720p plasma TV) now costs $300 and delivers 10× better quality.\ – Phones, computers, cameras — all became far more powerful and cheaper at the same time.\ That’s how tech-driven deflation works: you get more for less.

📌 Bitcoin doesn’t make the world deflationary. It just doesn’t fight against deflation, unlike the fiat model that fights to preserve its debt pyramid.\ It stops punishing savers and rewards long-term thinkers.

Even economists often confuse organic tech deflation with crisis-driven (debt) deflation.

---

\ \ Statement: We’ve never lived in a truly free market — central banks and issuance always existed.\ Criticism: ideological statement.\ A truly “free” market is utopian.\ Banks and monetary issuance emerged in response to crises.\ A market without arbiters is not always fair, especially under imperfect competition.

2. “The Free Market Is a Utopia”

Yes, “pure markets” are rare. But what we have today isn’t regulation — it’s centralized power in the hands of central banks and cartels.

Bitcoin offers rules without rulers. 21 million. No one can change the issuance. It’s not ideology — it’s code instead of trust. And it has worked for 15 years.

---

\ \ Statement: Inflation is an invisible tax, especially on the poor and working class.\ Criticism: partly true: inflation can reduce debt burden, boost employment.\ The state indexes social benefits. Under stable inflation, compensators can work. Under deflation, things might be worse (mass layoffs, defaults).

3. “Inflation Can Help”

Theoretically — yes. Textbooks say moderate inflation can reduce debt burdens and stimulate consumption and jobs.\ But in practice — it works as a stealth tax, especially on those without assets. The wealthy escape — into real estate, stocks, funds.\ But the poor and working class lose purchasing power because their money is held in cash — and cash devalues.

💬 As Lyn Alden says:

“When your money can’t hold value, you’re forced to become an investor — even if you just want to save and live.”

The state may index pensions or benefits — but always with a lag, and always less than actual price increases.\ If bread rises 15% and your payment increase is 5%, you got poorer, even if the number on paper went up.

💥 We live in an inflationary system of everything:\ – Inflationary money\ – Inflationary products\ – Inflationary content\ – And now even inflationary minds

🧠 This is more than just rising prices — it’s a degradation of reality perception. You’re always rushing, everything loses meaning.\ But when did the system start working against you?

📉 What went wrong after 1971?

This chart shows that from 1948 to the early 1970s, productivity and wages grew together.\ But after the end of the gold standard in 1971 — the connection broke. Productivity kept rising, but real wages stalled.

👉 This means: you work more, better, faster — but buy less.

🔗 Source: wtfhappenedin1971.com

When you must spend today because tomorrow it’ll be worth less — that’s rewarding impulse and punishing long-term thinking.

Bitcoin offers a different environment:\ – Savings work\ – Long-term thinking is rewarded\ – The price of the future is calculated, not forced by a printing press

📌 Inflation can be a tool. But in government hands, it became a weapon — a slow, inevitable upward redistribution of wealth.

Indexing is weak compensation if bread is up 15% and your “increase” is only 5%.

---

\ \ Statement: War is not growth, but a reallocation of resources into destruction.

Criticism: war can spur technological leaps (Internet, GPS, nuclear energy — all from military programs). "Military Keynesianism" was a real model.

4. “War Drives R&D”

Yes, wars sometimes give rise to tech spin-offs: Internet, GPS, nuclear power — all originated from military programs.

But that doesn’t make war a source of progress — it makes tech a byproduct of catastrophe.

“War reallocates resources toward destruction — not growth.”

Progress doesn’t happen because of war — it happens despite it.

If scientific breakthroughs require a million dead and burnt cities — maybe you’ve built your economy wrong.

💬 Even Michael Saylor said:

“If you need war to develop technology — you’ve built civilization wrong.”

No innovation justifies diverting human labor, minds, and resources toward destruction.\ War is always the opposite of efficiency — more is wasted than created.

🧠 Bitcoin, on the other hand, is an example of how real R&D happens without violence.\ No taxes. No army. Just math, voluntary participation, and open-source code.

📌 Military Keynesianism is not a model of progress — it’s a symptom of a sick monetary system that needs destruction to reboot.

Bitcoin shows that coordination without violence is possible.\ This is R&D of a new kind: based not on destruction, but digital creation.

---

Statement: Bitcoin isn’t “Gold 1.0,” but an improved version: divisible, verifiable, unseizable.

Criticism: Bitcoin has no physical value; "unseizability" is a theory;\ Gold is material and autonomous.

5. “Bitcoin Has No Physical Value”

And gold does? Just because it shines?

Physical form is no guarantee of value.\ Real value lies in: scarcity, reliable transfer, verifiability, and non-confiscatability.

Gold is:\ – Hard to divide\ – Hard to verify\ – Expensive to store\ – Easy to seize

💡 Bitcoin is the first store of value in history that is fully free from physical limitations, and yet:\ – Absolutely scarce (21M, forever)\ – Instantly transferable over the Internet\ – Cryptographically verifiable\ – Controlled by no government

🔑 Bitcoin’s value lies in its liberation from the physical.\ It doesn’t need to be “backed” by gold or oil. It’s backed by energy, mathematics, and ongoing verification.

“Price is what you pay, value is what you get.” — Warren Buffett

When you buy bitcoin, you’re not paying for a “token” — you’re gaining access to a network of distributed financial energy.

⚡️ What are you really getting when you own bitcoin?\ – A key to a digital asset that can’t be faked\ – The ability to send “crystallized energy” anywhere on Earth\ – A role in a new accounting system that runs 24/7/365\ – Freedom: from banks, borders, inflation, and force

📉 Bitcoin doesn’t require physical value — because it creates value:\ Through trust, scarcity, and energy invested in mining.\ And unlike gold, it was never associated with slavery.

---

Statement: There’s no “income without risk” in Bitcoin: just hold — you preserve; want more — invest, risk, build.

Criticism: contradicts HODL logic; speculation remains dominant behavior.

6. “Speculation Dominates”

For now — yes. That’s normal for the early phase of a new technology. Awareness doesn’t come instantly.

What matters is not the motive of today’s buyer — but what they’re buying.

📉 A speculator may come and go — but the asset remains.\ And this asset is the only one in history that will never exist again. 21 million. Forever.

📌 Look deeper. Bitcoin has:\ – No CEO\ – No central issuer\ – No inflation\ – No “off switch”

💡 It’s not a stock. Not a startup. Not someone’s project.\ It’s a new foundation for trust.\ It’s opting out of a system where freedom is a privilege you’re granted under conditions.

🧠 People say: “Bitcoin can be copied.”\ Theoretically — yes.\ Practically — never.

Here’s what you’d need to recreate Bitcoin:\ – No pre-mine\ – A founder who disappears and never sells\ – No foundation or corporation\ – Tens of thousands of nodes worldwide\ – 701 million terahashes of hash power\ – Thousands of devs writing open protocols\ – Hundreds of global conferences\ – Millions of people defending digital sovereignty\ – All that without a single marketing budget

That’s all.

🔁 Everything else is an imitation, not a creation.\ Just like you can’t “reinvent fire” — Bitcoin can only exist once.

---

Statements:\ The Russia's '90s weren’t a free market — just anarchic chaos without rights protection.*\ Unlike fiat or even dollars, Bitcoin is the first asset with real defense — from governments, inflation, even thugs.\ And yes, even if your barber asks about Bitcoin — maybe it's not a bubble, but a sign that inflation has already hit everyone.

Criticism: Bitcoin’s protection isn’t universal — it works only with proper handling and isn’t available to all.\ Some just want to “get rich.”\ None of this matters because:

1. Bitcoin’s volatility (-30% in a week, +50% in a month) makes it unusable for price planning or contracts.

2. It can’t handle mass-scale usage.

3. To become currency, geopolitical will is needed — and without the first two, don’t even talk about the third.\ Also: “Bitcoin is too complicated for the average person.”

7. “It’s Too Complex for the Masses”

It’s complex — if you’re using L1 (Layer 1). But even grandmas use Telegram. In El Salvador, schoolkids buy lunch with Lightning. My barber installed Wallet of Satoshi in minutes right in front of me — and I now pay for my haircut via Lightning.

UX is just a matter of time. And it’s improving. Emerging tools:\ Cashu, Fedimint, Fedi, Wallet of Satoshi, Phoenix, Proton Wallet, Swiss Bitcoin Pay, Bolt Card / CoinCorner (NFC cards for Lightning payments).

This is like the internet in 1995:\ It started with modems — now it’s 4K streaming.

---

8. “Can’t Handle the Load”

A common myth.\ Yes, Bitcoin L1 processes about 7 transactions per second — intentionally. It’s not built to be Visa. It’s a financial protocol, just like TCP/IP is a network protocol. TCP/IP isn’t “fast” or “slow” — the experience depends on the infrastructure built on top: servers, routers, hardware. In the ’90s, it delivered text. Today, it streams Netflix. The protocol didn’t change — the stack did.

Same with Bitcoin: L1 defines rules, security, finality.\ Scaling and speed? That’s the second layer’s job.

To understand scale:

| Network | TPS (Transactions/sec) | | --- | --- | | Visa | up to 24,000 | | Mastercard | \~5,000 | | PayPal | \~193 | | Litecoin | \~56 | | Ethereum | \~20 | | Bitcoin | \~7 |

\ ⚡️ Enter Lightning Network — Bitcoin’s “fast lane.”\ It allows millions of transactions per second, instantly and nearly free.

And it’s not a sidechain.

❗️ Lightning is not a separate network.\ It uses real Bitcoin transactions (2-of-2 multisig). You can close the channel to L1 at any time. It’s not an alternative — it’s a native extension built into Bitcoin.\ Also evolving: Ark, Fedimint, eCash — new ways to scale and add privacy.

📉 So criticizing Bitcoin for “slowness” is like blaming TCP/IP because your old modem won’t stream YouTube.\ The protocol isn’t the problem — it’s the infrastructure.

🛡️ And by the way: Visa crashes more often than Bitcoin.

---

9. “We Need Geopolitical Will”

Not necessarily. All it takes is the will of the people — and leaders willing to act. El Salvador didn’t wait for G20 approval or IMF blessings. Since 2001, the country had used the US dollar as its official currency, abandoning its own colón. But that didn’t save it from inflation or dependency on foreign monetary policy. In 2021, El Salvador became the first country to recognize Bitcoin as legal tender. Since March 13, 2024, they’ve been purchasing 1 BTC daily, tracked through their public address:

🔗 Address\ 📅 First transaction

This policy became the foundation of their Strategic Bitcoin Reserve (SBR) — a state-led effort to accumulate Bitcoin as a national reserve asset for long-term stability and sovereignty.

Their example inspired others.

In March 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order creating the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve of the USA, to be funded through confiscated Bitcoin and digital assets.\ The idea: accumulate, don’t sell, and strategically expand the reserve — without extra burden on taxpayers.

Additionally, Senator Cynthia Lummis (Wyoming) proposed the BITCOIN Act, targeting the purchase of 1 million BTC over five years (\~5% of the total supply).\ The plan: fund it via revaluation of gold certificates and other budget-neutral strategies.

📚 More: Strategic Bitcoin Reserve — Wikipedia

👉 So no global consensus is required. No IMF greenlight.\ All it takes is conviction — and an understanding that the future of finance lies in decentralized, scarce assets like Bitcoin.

---

10. “-30% in a week, +50% in a month = not money”

True — Bitcoin is volatile. But that’s normal for new technologies and emerging money. It’s not a bug — it’s a price discovery phase. The world is still learning what this asset is.

📉 Volatility is the price of entry.\ 📈 But the reward is buying the future at a discount.

As Michael Saylor put it:

“A tourist sees Niagara Falls as chaos — roaring, foaming, spraying water.\ An engineer sees immense energy.\ It all depends on your mental model.”

Same with Bitcoin. Speculators see chaos. Investors see structural scarcity. Builders see a new financial foundation.

💡 Now consider gold:

👉 After the U.S. abandoned the gold standard in 1971, gold surged from \~$35 to over $800 in a decade — while suffering wild -40% to -60% crashes along the way.\ \ 📈 Gold Price Chart — Macrotrends\ \ Nobody said, “This can’t be money.” \ Because money is defined not by volatility, but by scarcity, adoption, and trust — which build over time.

📊 The more people save in Bitcoin, the more its volatility fades.

This is a journey — not a fixed state.

We don’t judge the internet by how it worked in 1994.\ So why expect Bitcoin to be the “perfect currency” in 2025?

It grows bottom-up — without regulators’ permission.\ And the longer it survives, the stronger it becomes.

Remember how many times it’s been declared dead.\ And how many times it came back — stronger.

---

📊 Gold vs. Bitcoin: Supply Comparison

This chart shows the key difference between the two hard assets:

🔹 Gold — supply keeps growing.\ Mining may be limited, but it’s still inflationary.\ Each year, there’s more — with no known cap: new mines, asteroid mining, recycling.

🔸 Bitcoin — capped at 21 million.\ The emission schedule is public, mathematically predictable, and ends completely around 2140.

🧠 Bottom line:\ Gold is good.\ Bitcoin is better — for predictability and scarcity.

💡 As Saifedean Ammous said:

“Gold was the best monetary good… until Bitcoin.”

While we argue — fiat erodes every day.

No matter your view on Bitcoin, just show me one other asset that is simultaneously:

– immune to devaluation by decree\ – impossible to print more of\ – impossible to confiscate by a centralized order\ – impossible to counterfeit\ – and, most importantly — transferable across borders without asking permission from a bank, a state, or a passport

💸 Try sending $10,000 through PayPal from Iran to Paraguay, or Bangladesh to Saint Lucia.\ Good luck. PayPal doesn't even work there.

Now open a laptop, type 12 words — and you have access to your savings anywhere on Earth.

🌍 Bitcoin doesn't ask for permission.\ It works for everyone, everywhere, all the time.

📌 There has never been anything like this before.

Bitcoin is the first asset in history that combines:

– digital nature\ – predictable scarcity\ – absolute portability\ – and immunity from tyranny

💡 As Michael Saylor said:

“Bitcoin is the first money in human history not created by bankers or politicians — but by engineers.”

You can own it with no bank.\ No intermediary.\ No passport.\ No approval.

That’s why Bitcoin isn’t just “internet money” or “crypto” or “digital gold.”\ It may not be perfect — but it’s incorruptible.\ And it’s not going away.\ It’s already here.\ It is the foundation of a new financial reality.

---

🔒 This is not speculation. This is a peaceful financial revolution.\ 🪙 This is not a stock. It’s money — like the world has never seen.\ ⛓️ This is not a fad. It’s a freedom protocol.

And when even the barber starts asking about Bitcoin — it’s not a bubble.\ It’s a sign that the system is breaking.\ And people are looking for an exit.

For the first time — they have one.

---

💼 This is not about investing. It’s about the dignity of work.

Imagine a man who cleans toilets at an airport every day.

Not a “prestigious” job.\ But a crucial one.\ Without him — filth, bacteria, disease.

He shows up on time. He works with his hands.

And his money? It devalues. Every day.

He doesn’t work less — often he works more than those in suits.\ But he can afford less and less — because in this system, honest labor loses value each year.

Now imagine he’s paid in Bitcoin.

Not in some “volatile coin,” but in hard money — with a limited supply.\ Money that can’t be printed, reversed, or devalued by central banks.

💡 Then he could:

– Stop rushing to spend, knowing his labor won’t be worth less tomorrow\ – Save for a dream — without fear of inflation eating it away\ – Feel that his time and effort are respected — because they retain value

Bitcoin gives anyone — engineer or janitor — a way out of the game rigged against them.\ A chance to finally build a future where savings are real.

This is economic justice.\ This is digital dignity.

📉 In fiat, you have to spend — or your money melts.\ 📈 In Bitcoin, you choose when to spend — because it’s up to you.

🧠 In a deflationary economy, both saving and spending are healthy:

You don’t scramble to survive — you choose to create.

🎯 That’s true freedom.

When even someone cleaning floors can live without fear —\ and know that their time doesn’t vanish... it turns into value.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ cae03c48:2a7d6671

Bitcoin Magazine

Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin 

Sberbank, the largest bank in Russia, has launched a new structured bond that ties investor returns to the performance of Bitcoin and the U.S. dollar-to-ruble exchange rate. This new financial product represents one of the first moves by a major Russian institution to offer Bitcoin-linked investments under recently updated national regulations.

BREAKING: Russia's largest bank Sberbank launches structured bonds linked to Bitcoin. pic.twitter.com/LtD26jPS0x

— Bitcoin Magazine (@BitcoinMagazine) June 2, 2025

The structured bond is initially available over the counter to a limited group of qualified investors. According to the announcement, it allows investors to earn based on two factors: the price performance of BTC in U.S. dollars and any strengthening of the dollar compared to the Russian ruble.

Unlike typical Bitcoin investments, this product does not require the use of a Bitcoin wallet or foreign platforms. “All transactions [are] processed in rubles within Russia’s legal and infrastructure systems,” Sberbank stated, highlighting compliance with domestic financial protocols.

In addition to the bond, Sberbank has announced plans to launch similar structured investment products with Bitcoin exposure on the Moscow Exchange. The bank also revealed it will introduce a Bitcoin futures product via its SberInvestments platform on June 4, aligning with the product’s debut on the Moscow Exchange.

These developments follow a recent policy change by the Bank of Russia, which now permits financial institutions to offer Bitcoin-linked instruments to qualified investors. This shift opens the door for Bitcoin within the country’s traditional financial markets.

While Russia has previously taken a cautious approach to digital assets, Sberbank’s launch of a Bitcoin-linked bond and upcoming futures product marks a new phase of adoption—one that blends Bitcoin exposure with existing financial infrastructure.

The bank’s structured bond may signal a growing interest in regulated access to Bitcoin, especially within large financial institutions.

This post Sberbank, Russia’s Biggest Bank, Launches Structured Bond Tied to Bitcoin  first appeared on Bitcoin Magazine and is written by Jenna Montgomery.

@ ef53426a:7e988851

Saturday 9AM It’s a chilly Saturday morning in Warsaw, and I don’t want to get out of bed. This is not because of the hangover; it’s because I feel like a failure.

The first day of Bitcoin FilmFest was a whirlwind of workshops, panels and running between stages. The pitch competition did not go my way. Another ‘pitching rabbit’ (an actual experienced film-maker) was selected to win the €3,000 of funding.

Rather than get up and search for coffee, I replay the scenes in my head. What could I have done differently? Will investors ever believe in me: I’m just a writer with no contacts in the industry. Do I have what it takes to produce a film?

Eventually, I haul myself out of bed and walk to Amondo, the festival’s morning HQ (and technically, the smallest cinema in Europe). Upon arrival, I find Bitcoin psychonaut Ioni Appelberg holding court in front of around a dozen enraptured disciples. Soon, the conversation spills out to the street to free up space for more workshops.

I attend a talk on film funding, then pay for coffee using bitcoin. I see familiar faces from the two previous nights. We compare notes on Friday night and check the day’s schedule. The morning clouds burn off, and things feel a little brighter.

The afternoon session begins just a few blocks away in the towering Palace of Culture and Science. My role in today's proceedings is to present my freedom fiction project, 21 Futures, on the community stage. Other presentations range from rap videos and advice on finding jobs in bitcoin to hosting ‘Bitcoin Walks’. This is how we are fixing the culture.

Saturday 8PM I feel a tap on my shoulder. ‘Excuse me, Mr. Philip. Your car is waiting. The Producers’ Dinner is starting soon’.

What? Me, a producer? I’ve been taking part in some panels and talks, but I assumed my benefits as a guest were limited to a comped ticket and generous goodie bag.

Soon, I am sharing a taxi with a Dubai-based journalist, a Colombian director, and the cypherpunk sponsor of the pitch competition I didn’t win.

The pierogies I dreamed of earlier that day somehow manifest (happy endings do exist), and we enjoy a raucous dinner including obligatory slivovitz.

Sunday 2AM The last few hours of blur include a bracing city-bike ride in a crew of nine attendees back to the Palace of Culture, chatting with a fellow bitcoin meetup organiser, and vaguely promising to attend a weekend rave with a crew of Polish artists and musicians on the outskirts of London.

I leave the party while it’s still in full swing. In five hours, I have to wake up to complete my Run for Hal in Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły Park.

---

Thursday 9PM The festival kicks off in Samo Centrum on Pizza Day. I arrive in a taxi straight from a cramped flight (fix the airlines!), having not eaten for around ten hours.

The infectious sounds of softly spoken Aussie bitrocker Roger9000 pound into the damp night. I’m three beers in, being presented by the organisers to attendees like a (very tall) show pony. I try to explain more about my books, my publishing connections, my short film.

When I search for the food I ordered an hour ago, I find it has been given away. The stern-faced Polish pizza maker shrugs. ‘You not here.’

I’m so hungry I could cry (six hours of Ryanair can do that to a man). And then, a heroic Czech pleb donates half a pizza to me. Side note: this same heroic pleb accidentally locked me out of my film-funds while trying to fix a wallet bug on Sunday night.

I step out into the rain. Roger9000 reminds us we should have laser eyes well past 100k. I take a bite of pizza and life tastes good.

---

The Films Side events, artists, late nights, and pitcher’s regret is all well and good, but what of the films?

My highlights included Golden Rabbit winner No More Inflation — a moving narrative with interviews from two dozen economists, visionaries, and inflation survivors.

Hotel Bitcoin, was a surprisingly funny comedy romp about a group of idiots who happen across a valuable laptop.

Revolución Bitcoin — an approachable and thorough documentary aimed to bring greater adoption in the Spanish-speaking world.

And, as a short-fiction guy, I enjoyed the short films The Man Who Wouldn’t Cry, a visit to New York’s only Somali restaurant in Finding Home.

---

Sunday 7PM The award ceremony has just finished. I head to Amondo for the final time to pay for mojitos in bitcoin and say goodbye to newly made friends. I feel like I’ve met almost everyone in attendance. Are you going to BTC Prague?!? we ask as we part ways.

Of course, the best thing about any festival is the people, and BFF25 had a cast of characters worthy of any art house flick:

• The bright-eyed and confident frontwoman of the metal band Scardust
• A nostr-native artist selling his intricate canvases to the highest zapper
• A dreadlocked DJ who wears a pair of flying goggles on his head at all times
• An affable British filmmaker explaining the virtues of the word ‘chucklesome’
• A Duracell-powered organiser who seems to know every song, person, film, book, and guest at the festival.

Warsaw itself feels like it has a role to play, too. Birdsong and green parks contrast the foreboding Communist-era architecture. The weather changes faster than my mood — heavy greys transform to bright sunshine. The roads around the venue close on Sunday for a political rally. And there we are in the middle, watching our bitcoin films.

Tuesday 10AM I’m at home now, squinting at my email inbox and piles of washing, wondering when the hell I’ll find time. The festival Telegram group is still buzzing with activity. Side events like martial arts tutorials, trips to a shooting range, boat tours. 5AM photos of street graffiti, lost and found items, and people asking ‘is anyone still around?’

This was not just a film festival. BFF is truly a celebration of culture — Art. Books. Comedy. Music. Video. Talk. Connection.

All this pure signal has lifted my spirits so much that despite me being a newbie filmmaker, armed only with a biro, a couple of powerpoints and a Geyser fund page, I know I will succeed in my mission. It turns out you can just film things.

You may have attended bitcoin conferences before — you know, the ones with ‘fireside chats’, VIP areas, and overpriced merch. Bitcoin FilmFest is a moment in time. We are fixing the culture, year after year, until art can flourish again.

As fellow author Aaron Koenig commented during a panel session, ‘In twenty years, we won’t be drawing laser eyes and singing about honey badgers. Our grandchildren won’t understand the change we went through.’

Would I do it all again? Of course!

Join me next June in Warsaw.
I’ll be the tall one presenting his short animation premiere.

---

Philip Charter is a full-time writer and part-time cat herder. As well as writing for bitcoin founders and companies, he runs the 21 Futures fiction project.

Find out more about theNoderoid Saga animation projecton Geyser.

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni tekst na bitcoin-balkan.com.

---

Pregled sadržaja

1. Šta uzrokuje Inflaciju?
2. Da li nam je infacija potrebna?
3. Kako se meri inflacija?
4. Da li inflacija pokreće ekonomski rast?
5. Da li inflacija pokreće ili umanjuje nejednakost bogatstva?
6. Gde se danas javlja inflacija?
7. Šta je deflacija?
8. Kakav uticaj inflacija ima na društvo?

Inflacija može da bude uznemirujuća tema, jer uključuje amorfni koncept novca. Međutim, inflacija je zapravo jednostavna tema koja je napravljena da bude složena razdvajanjem novca i drugih dobara. U ovom članku razlažemo inflaciju i njene uzroke.

Najjednostavnija definicija inflacije je rast cena dobara i usluga. Kada cene rastu, to takođe znači da vrednost jedinice novca – poput dolara – opada. Uzmimo primer McDonald’s hamburgera: 1955. ovaj skromni hamburger se prodavao za samo 15 centi. U 2018. godini se prodavao za 1,09 USD. U 2021. godini prodaje se za 2,49 USD – ogroman rast cene od 1650%.

To znači da je dolar izgubio dosta svoje vrednosti. 1955. godine mogli ste da kupite gotovo 7 hamburgera za novčanicu od jednog dolara. 2021. godine taj dolar vam ne bi kupio ni jedan hamburger. Zašto se čini da cene uvek rastu tokom vremena? I šta možete da učinite povodom toga? Ovaj članak ima za cilj da odgovori na ta pitanja.

Ekonomisti pokušavaju da sumiraju rast cena mnogih dobara i usluga kao jedan prosečan broj. Ovaj broj predstavlja promenu ukupnih troškova u godišnjim troškovima prosečnog potrošača, kao što su stanarina, hrana i gorivo.

U Sjedinjenim Državama ovaj broj je poznat kao Indeks Potrošačkih Cena, eng. Consumer Price Index (CPI). Kada se CPI poveća tokom određenog vremenskog perioda, ekonomisti kažu da imamo inflaciju. Kada se smanji, to se naziva deflacija.

Šta uzrokuje Inflaciju?

Mnogi izvori kažu da je stalna inflacija koju danas doživljavamo ili uzrokovana povećanjem potražnje (eng. demand-pull) ili smanjenjem ponude usled povećanih proizvodnih troškova (eng. cost-push).

Ovi razlozi nisu tačni – hajde da pogledamo zašto.

Da bismo razumeli pravi razlog inflacije, moramo da sagledamo dve vrste inflacije:

1. Inflacija Cena: Cene vremenom rastu.
2. Monetarna Inflacija: Količina valute u opticaju raste sa vremenom.

Prva, inflacija cena, retko se javlja tokom dužih perioda (decenije, vekovi) zbog povećane potražnje ili povećanih troškova. Zašto? Tržišta teže da se uravnoteže. Tokom istorije smo više puta videli da povećana potražnja za dobrom povećava njegovu cenu, što podstiče proizvođače da proizvode više tog dobra. Kada se ponuda poveća, cene se smanjuju.

Ovaj ciklus može da potraje nekoliko godina, i javlja se kod gotovo svake robe i „konačnog dobra“ (automobili, televizori, hrana itd.) na Zemlji. Izuzetak su retki metali poput zlata i srebra. Dokazi o tome su prikazani u nastavku.

Kada se poveća trošak za proizvodnju dobra, cena tog dobra često raste da bi pokrila te troškove. Ovaj rast cene dovodi do toga da potrošači tog dobra traže alternativu ili smanjuju potrošnju tog dobra, što dovodi do pada cena na prethodni nivo.

Na donja dva grafikona javlja se inflacija cena!

Tržište se prirodno uravnotežava, a cene se smanjuju ili povećanjem ponude ili smanjenjem potražnje.

Da li imamo dokaze da tržišta vremenom uravnotežuju ponudu i potražnju?

Podaci o cenama robe tokom vremena mogu nam dati bolje razumevanje da li tržišta zaista efikasno uravnotežuju ponudu i potražnju. Međutim, cene ne možemo da posmatramo u smislu nacionalnih valuta, jer naše vlade uvek štampaju više svojih nacionalnih valuta.

Oni sprovode monetarnu inflaciju, koja može da izazove inflaciju cena. Posmatranje tržišnih cena u smislu nacionalnih valuta, poput američkog dolara, je poput merenja visine lenjirom koji se neprestano smanjuje. Vaša visina u broju biće sve veća i veća, ali stvarna visina se ne menja.

Mi možemo da znamo da li tržišta uravnotežuju ponudu i potražnju gledajući cene dobara u smislu monetarnog dobra koje ima vrlo konzistentnu ponudu tokom vremena.

Vremenom se pokazalo da zlato ima najmanju monetarnu inflaciju od svih postojećih valuta i dobara. To čini zlato odličnim ‘lenjirom’ za merenje da li tržišta vremenom uravnotežuju ponudu i potražnju. Da bismo bolje razumeli inflaciju cena tokom vremena, pitaćemo koliko unci zlata nešto košta tokom vremena.

Cene u zlatu pokazuju nam da se tržišta vremenom uravnotežuju

Ako cene dobara posmatramo u obliku zlata, vidimo da cene robe prate srednje tačke tokom dužih vremenskih perioda.

Nafta, na primer, je vrlo nestabilna, ali ima tendenciju da se kreće oko 2,5 grama zlata po barelu.

WTI Sirova Nafta u gramima Zlata po Barelu

Cena nafte je promenljiva, ali tokom decenija ima tendenciju da se kreće po strani.

Cene kuća tokom proteklih 10 godina takođe su prilično stabilne, iako imamo fiksnu količinu zemlje na planeti. Vidimo da cene kuća u pogledu zlata imaju tendenciju da variraju oko indeksne cene od oko 80, prikazane na grafikonu.

Shiller-ov US indeks cena kuća u USD i zlatu

Ovaj grafikon je na logaritamskoj skali, što nam omogućava da vizualizujemo zapanjujuća povećanja u zelenoj liniji, koja predstavlja domove u dolarima.

Grafički izražene u američkim dolarima, cene ovih dobara uvek rastu – baš kao i McDonald’s hamburger. Da su povećana potražnja ili povećani troškovi odgovorni za konstantnu inflaciju cena, takođe bismo videli kako se cena ove robe povećava u smislu zlata. Podaci iznad pokazuju da su cene konstantne.

Moraju da postoje i drugi razlozi za upornu inflaciju cena koju smo videli u dolarskim iznosima tokom proteklog veka.

Evo šta znamo o tome šta dugoročno utiče na cene, kao u periodu od 1955. do 2018. godine:

1. Rast produktivnosti uzrokovan inovacijama, što dovodi do pada cena tokom vremena
2. Monetarna inflacija – štampanje velikih količina valute – koja uzrokuje porast cena denominovanih u toj valuti tokom vremena

Znamo da cene izražene u dolarima, eurima i ostalim valutama neprestano rastu. Ako ne mislimo da naša produktivnost kao društva ide unazad, postoji samo jedan jednostavan razlog za inflaciju cena: štampanje većih količina valute, iliti monetarna inflacija.

Naše vlade i banke su zapravo prilično iskrene u pogledu zapanjujućih količina valute koje štampaju. Oni nam svakodnevno govore da oni uzrokuju monetarnu inflaciju.

Da li nam je infacija potrebna?

Bez uporne monetarne inflacije (koja uzrokuje inflaciju cena), naša celokupna savremena ekonomija bi se srušila.

The Guardian

Dozvolite da vam objasnim. Sledeći odeljak može da bude šokantan, i ohrabrujem vas da i sami istražite ukoliko mislite da nisam u pravu.

Kada centralne banke i komercijalne banke daju zajmove, one stvaraju novu valutu.

Kada centralne banke daju zajmove vladama “kupujući državni dug”, one stvaraju novu valutu kada to urade. To omogućava vladama da vode budžetski deficit trošeći više nego što uzimaju od poreza. U tom procesu državni dug se nagomilava.

Komercijalne banke stvaraju novu valutu kada daju zajmove fizičkim licima i preduzećima. Jedino ograničenje koliko novog novca mogu da stvore je zakonski zahtev da banka ima na raspolaganju određeni procenat od ukupnog iznosa novca koji su ljudi deponovali. Zbog toga je naš bankarski sistem poznat kao delimična rezerva – banke pri ruci moraju da imaju samo deo vašeg novca.

Osnovni Bankarski Ciklus Frakcionih Rezervi

Stvaranje valute je neophodno da bi održalo sistem u životu

Budući da se svi zajmovi uglavnom sastoje od novostvorene valute, mora se stvoriti još više valute da bi se taj dug otplatio. A evo i zašto:

Recimo da su prošle godine sve svetske kreditne aktivnosti dovele do stvaranja 100 milijardi dolara. Svih tih 100 milijardi dolara je novostvoreno, i one se duguju bankama sa nekom dodatnom vrednošću za kamate. Odakle dolazi ova dodatna valuta za plaćanje kamata? Budući da ovde govorimo o celokupnoj svetskoj ekonomiji, to plaćanje kamata mora da dodje iz nove količine novostvorene valute.

Sve jedinice današnjih valuta nastale su pozajmljivanjem, a isplata kamate na te zajmove znači da moramo stalno da stvaramo još više nove valute. To dovodi do beskrajne monetarne inflacije. Kada nova valuta cirkuliše kroz ekonomiju, to dovodi do porasta cena: inflacije cena.

Previše monetarne inflacije može dovesti do hiperinflacije cena. U Venecueli je krajem 2018. godine piletina koštala preko 14 miliona Bolivara. Izvor: NBC News

Monetarni sistem se raspada ako se ova monetarna inflacija zaustavi, jer bi to značilo da veliki broj onih koji su uzeli zajam širom sveta ne bi mogao da vrati novac koji su pozajmili – oni ne bi izmirili svoje dugove.

Banke ili zajmodavci koji drže dug tada bi imali bezvrednu imovinu. Budući da vrednost duga podupire vrednost valute, vrednost valute bi strmoglavo padala zajedno sa dugom.

Kada ljudi izgube poverenje u ’tradicionalnu’ valutu, ona brzo postane bezvredna. To se dogodilo u Nemačkoj nakon Prvog svetskog rata, u Peruu devedesetih, Jugoslaviji 1994. ,Zimbabveu, Venecueli i sa još bezbroj drugih tradicionalnih valuta. Da bi odložile ovaj neizbežni ishod dokle god mogu, centralne banke jačaju poverenje u sistem nastavljajući da štampaju valutu stabilnim kursom.

Ovo osigurava da većina ljudi koju su uzeli zajam ima valutu za otplatu svojih kredita. Upravo to se dešava kada vlada izvrši „spas“ kao 2008. ili 2020. – oni osiguravaju da svi imaju dovoljno novca za plaćanje dugova, tako da laž može da se nastavi.

Inflacija ne dolazi iz povećanja potražnje

Sa više valute u opticaju, monetarna inflacija može da izgleda kao povećanje potražnje. Međutim, ekonomisti koji kažu da povećana potražnja pokreće stabilnu inflaciju tokom decenija propuštaju suptilnu poentu: iako monetarna inflacija može da prouzrokuje veću potrošnju, to nije zato što su ljudi zaista bogatiji, već zato što veruju da su bogatiji.

Kada se puno novca ubrizga u ekonomiju, cene jednostavno rastu jer više valute pokriva istu količinu robe. Rast cena znači pad vrednosti valute, tako da nema realnog povećanja stvarnog bogatstva, iako ljudi možda “troše više” u nominalnom iznosu valute.

Uzmimo ovaj primer: vi mesečno zarađujete 1.500 EUR, i prema svom trenutnom načinu života vi mesečno trošite oko 1.500 EUR. Dolazi vlada i počinje da vam daje dodatnih 500 EUR svakog meseca – vi se osećate poprilično dobro, zar ne? Sada možete da izlazite češće u restoran.

Međutim, vlada daje svima po 500 EUR mesečno, i svi ostali takođe troše taj novac. Ekonomista u vladinoj kancelariji, vidi da sada svi troše tih dodatnih 500 EUR mesečno i zaključuje da je vlada ‘stimulisala ekonomiju’.

Ipak, kako sav taj dodatni novac kruži ekonomijom, cene prirodno rastu. Sada vam je potrebno 2.000 EUR da biste održali svoj trenutni način života.

Da li si nešto bogatiji?

Vi možda imate više eura na vašem bankovnom računu, ali svaki od njih vam kupuje manje. Sada trošite 2.000 EUR mesečno da biste živeli životnim stilom koji vas je nekada koštao samo 1.500 EUR mesečno.

Ovo je ono što monetarna inflacija radi, i zašto je toliko pametnih ekonomista zavarano da misle da povećana potražnja, radije nego štampanje novca, pokreće trajnu inflaciju cena.

Da li smo uvek imali inflaciju?

Stalna inflacija cena relativno je nedavna pojava u modernim ekonomijama i započela je u vreme kada su Sjedinjene Države počele da konstantno štampaju valutu. Ako bi promene ponude i potražnje zaista dugoročno uzrokovale inflaciju cena, videli bismo inflaciju cena tokom istorije. Podaci govore drugačiju priču.

Indeks potrošačkih cena, koji se povećava kada imamo inflaciju cena, bio je prilično konstantan pre početka našeg trenutnog tradicionalnog ’fiat’ monetarnog sistema.

Taj sistem je započeo Bretton Woods-ovim sporazumom iz 1945. godine, a ubrzao se kada je Nixon 1971. okončao svetski zlatni standard.

Indeks potrošačkih cena, Sjedinjene Države, 1775-2012

Kako se meri inflacija?

Inflacija cena se često prikazuje kao promena indeksa potrošačkih cena (CPI). CPI je prosek cena raznih dobara koje ljudi kupuju u svakodnevnom životu: hrane, goriva, stanovanja itd. U Sjedinjenim Državama, vladin odsek pod nazivom Biro za statistiku rada (BLS) meri promene cena. To rade tako što posećuju maloprodajne radnje, beleže cene, računaju prosek i izveštavaju godišnju inflaciju kao promenu u odnosu na prošlu godinu.

Stopa inflacije koja se izveštava, je važna svima jer se koristi za određivanje povećanja troškova života i socijalnih davanja, poput plaćanja socijalnog osiguranja. Kada se CPI prilagodi naniže, isplate zarada i naknada su manje nego što bi trebalo da budu.

Efekti su se vremenom sjedinili: osoba koja u svojoj prvoj godini rada zaradi 40.000 USD zarađivaće samo 52.000 USD u svojoj desetoj godini staža, sa povećanim troškovima života od 3% da bi se plata podudarala sa inflacijom. Ako bi vlada umesto toga prijavila inflaciju od 6%, ta osoba bi u svojoj desetoj godini zarađivala 67.500 USD – tj. oko 30% više. Način na koji izračunavamo i prijavljujemo inflaciju ima ogroman uticaj na zaradu većine zaposlenih i građana.

Ovo je inflacija (procentualna promena u CPI) izmerena u poslednjih 10 godina u Sjedinjenim Državama:

Prvobitno je BLS jednostavno beležio cenu korpe robe široke potrošnje svake godine. Međutim, istraživanje Boskinove Komisije 1996. godine dovelo je do novih alata koji Birou za statistiku rada omogućavaju prilagođavanje cena u CPI. Dva najvažnija alata su geometrijsko ponderisanje i hedonika.

Geometrijsko Ponderisanje

Geometrijsko ponderisanje znači da kupovne navike sada mogu da utiču na to koliko promena cene pojedinog dobra utiče na CPI. Ako potrošači kupe manje robe, ona ima manju težinu kada se ubaci u presek indeksa potrošačkih cena. Boskinova Komisija je tvrdila da bi ova promena pomogla da se promene sklonosti potrošača. Međutim, ne postoji način da se utvrdi da li ljudi menjaju svoje kupovne navike jer zapravo žele da kupuju različite stvari. Vrlo je moguće da ljudi kupuju manje određenog dobra jer ono raste u ceni. Stoga geometrijsko ponderisanje uzrokuje da roba sa velikim rastom cena ima manje uticaja na CPI, što dovodi do niže prijavljene inflacije.

Hedonika

Hedonika omogućava Birou za statistiku rada da menja cenu dobra na osnovu njegovog opaženog povećanja ‘korisnosti’ tokom vremena. Evo primera: recimo da se televizor sa rezolucijom od 720p 2009. godine prodavao za 200 USD. U 2010. godini isti model televizora sada ima rezoluciju od 1080p i prodaje se po istoj ceni: 200 USD. Međutim, pošto se tehnologija u televizoru poboljšala, zaposleni u Birou za statistiku rada mogu da izmisle ‘korisni’ broj i pomoću njega oduzmu deo vrednosti od cene televizora. Kao rezultat, BLS može da kaže da TV košta 180 USD u 2010. godini – iako je njegova cena 200 USD. Ovo dovodi do pada prijavljene inflacije.

Oba ova prilagođavanja smanjuju prijavljenu stopu inflacije, što smanjuje povećanje troškova života i isplate naknada za socijalno osiguranje. Koliko ta prilagođavanja inflacije pogađaju radničku klasu i penzionere? Neke procene, poput procena ekonomiste John Williams-a, sa koledža u Darmouthu, stavljaju stvarnu inflaciju u SAD na u proseku 3% – 6% više nego što je izveštavano od strane Bira za statistiku rada. To bi inflaciju u 2020 dovelo do 5% – 8%, umesto na prijavljenih 2%.

U 2021. godini prijavljena inflacija je 5.4%, u prvom kvartalu.

Da li inflacija pokreće ekonomski rast?

Mnogi ljudi veruju da stabilna inflacija pokreće ekonomski rast podstičući investicije i potrošnju umesto štednje. Međutim, osnovni ekonomski podaci pobijaju ovu uobičajenu tvrdnju.

Ako za primer uzmemo Sjedinjene Države, nacija je imala samo kratke periode inflacije od 1775. do oko 1950. godine, kao što pokazuje indeks potrošačkih cena koji je ostao nepromenjen. Inflacija dobija zamah tek nakon 1971. godine, pa bi bilo za očekivati da će i stopa rasta bruto domaćeg proizvoda (BDP) Sjedinjenih Država porasti nakon 1971. godine.

Indeks potrošačkih cena, Sjedinjene Države, 1775-2012

Međutim, vidimo da se bruto domaći proizvod (BDP) po stanovniku u Sjedinjenim Državama, uobičajena mera ekonomske snage, neprekidno povećavao od 1820. godine do danas po stopi od oko 1,85% godišnje. Ne postoji porast oko 1971. godine, uprkos rastućoj inflaciji koja je započela u to vreme.

Ovo je logaritamski grafikon, koji nam omogućava da bolje vizualizujemo rast tokom vremena: što više logaritamski grafikon podseća na pravu liniju, to je stopa promene konzistentnija. Za više detalja, ovde pogledajte naslov: Rast na tehnološkoj granici i rast dostizanja.

To pokazuje da inflacija ne pokreće ekonomski rast.

Nažalost, imamo dokaze da inflacija ima i druge neželjene posledice, poput nejednakosti bogatstva. Koncentracija bogatstva u top 1%, počela je da raste krajem 1970-ih, nekoliko godina nakon što su Sjedinjene Države skinule svet sa zlatnog standarda i pretvorile se u monetarni sistem zasnovan na dugovima koji zahteva monetarnu inflaciju, a time i inflaciju cena, da bi preživeo.

Za potpunu istoriju tranzicije novca sa robnog sistema na dužni sistem, pročitajte naš članak o novcu.

Da li inflacija pokreće ili umanjuje nejednakost bogatstva?

Veza između inflacije i nejednakosti bogatstva postaje jasna kada pogledamo kako novostvorena valuta ulazi u ekonomiju. Vlade, komercijalne banke, velike korporacije i bogati često koriste kredite da bi iskoristili prednosti svojih moći. Kada podignu kredite, oni novonastalu valutu dobijaju ranije od svih ostalih. Oni imaju koristi od inflacije trošenjem nove valute pre nego što cene počnu da rastu kao rezultat te nove valute koja kruži u ekonomiji. Veliki i bogati subjekti često mogu da dobiju kredite po nižim troškovima od prosečnog građanina ili malog preduzeća. To znači da mogu da povećaju svoje poslovanje i bogatstvo brže od manjih firmi.

Bogati mogu da dobiju jeftine zajmove, zahvaljujući Federalnim Rezervama koje zadržavaju niske kamatne stope. To im omogućava da koriste ovo prednost za ostvarivanje ogromne dobiti.

Inflacija pogadja one koji rade za platu i ne mogu da ulože veći deo svog prihoda. Zarade se polako menjaju, ponekad se uskladjuju samo jednom godišnje. Kao rezultat, cene osnovnih dobara i usluga često rastu mnogo pre nego što zarade porastu. Cena potrošačke korpe takođe se smanjuje sa manipulacijama indeksom potrošačkih cena (CPI) koji skriva rast inflacije.

Gde se danas javlja inflacija?

Rekordno visoka inflacija javlja se u zemljama kao što su Venecuela, Zimbabve, Turska, Iran, Kuba, Južna Afrika i Argentina. To dovodi do sloma trgovine i političke nestabilnosti.

Just incase no one knows what Durban looks like pic.twitter.com/x899TIlbkI

— Mohamed Yusuf (@_MohamedYusuf) July 13, 2021

U razvijenom svetu vlade izveštavaju o niskoj inflaciji cena. Međutim, globalni bankarski sistem stvara nove valute u tonama – u toku je velika monetarna inflacija. Centralne banke dovode do sve većeg stvaranja valuta snižavanjem kamatnih stopa. To dovodi do toga da korporacije i pojedinci mogu da uzimaju jeftinije kredite, a svaki kredit znači stvaranje nove valute. Od 2008. godine, gotovo sve glavne centralne banke postavile su kamatne stope blizu nule.

Mnoge centralne banke takođe su pozajmljivale ogromne iznose vladama i bankama koje su propale nakon finansijske krize 2008. godine. Za samo nekoliko meseci, ovo je udvostručilo (ponekad utrostručilo ili učetvorostručilo) novčanu masu mnogih nacija. Oni su ovo nazvali „kvantitativno ublažavanje“.

Ako banke koriste toliku monetarnu inflaciju, zašto onda mi ne vidimo inflaciju cena?

Jednostavno rečeno, većina nove valute nije dospela u ruke običnih ljudi. Kada obični ljudi budu mogli da potroše novoštampanu valutu na svoje svakodnevne potrebe, tada ćemo videti rast CPI i inflacije.

Danas većina valuta ulazi u svet putem bankarskih zajmova, pa banke igraju veliku ulogu u tome gde se dešava inflacija. Banke prvenstveno pozajmljuju vrlo ‘sigurnim’ klijentima poput bogatih pojedinaca, vlada i velikih korporacija. Ovi subjekti kupuju luksuznu robu, umetnička dela, finansijsku imovinu i državne obveznice.

Cene ovih vrsta imovine nisu uključene u CPI, tako da je prijavljena inflacija niska. Kao rezultat, povećanje plata i isplate socijalnog osiguranja su takođe na niskom nivou.

Bogati su uživali u periodu od 2008. do 2021. godine, kada je njihova imovina upumpavana sa velikom količinom novog novca proizvedenog od bankarskih kredita!

Šta se dešava kada nova valuta dodje u ruke običnih ljudi?

Nažalost, jednog dana će sva ova nova valuta da uđe u normalnu ekonomiju i time će se povećati cene svakodnevne robe. To je poćelo da se dešava 2021. godine kao rezultat stimulativnih programa COVID-19 u Sjedinjenim Državama, koji su ljudima distribuirali trilione dolara. Iako je ovo zasigurno poželjnije od spašavanja korporacija, svaka vrsta spašavanja koja uključuje štampanje novca ima gadne dugoročne efekte.

Ovo što sada doživljavamo dogodilo se u Nemačkoj tokom i posle Prvog svetskog rata. Cene u Nemačkoj su zapravo pale tokom Prvog svetskog rata uprkos velikom stvaranju valute od strane Nemačke centralne banke. Nisko poverenje u ekonomiju sprečavalo je nemački narod da troši novac. Međutim, kad se rat završio i kada su ljudi ponovo počeli da ga troše, cene su vrlo naglo skočile i valuta je postala bezvredna. To bi moglo da se dogodi 2020-ih u Sjedinjenim Državama, sa obzirom na predložene programe podsticaja.

Politike poput Univerzalnog Osnovnog Dohotka, eng. Universal Basic Income (UBI), koje izgledaju pogodne za njihova obećanja da će “spasiti ljude”, takođe mogu da pokrenu hiperinflaciju. Obični ljudi bi se osećali imućnije, trošili bi svoju novoštampanu valutu i doveli do brzog rasta cena. Ovo bi u suštini poništilo pozitivan uticaj građana koji dobijaju “besplatan novac” svakog meseca.

Pa kako onda vi možete da zaštitite svoju ušteđevinu od inflacije? Kupujte imovinu koja je retka, potcenjena i koju vlade teško mogu da prigrabe. Ova imovina su plemeniti metali poput zlata, i Bitcoin.

Šta je deflacija?

Deflacija znači pad cena tokom vremena. Mnogi ekonomisti kažu da će ovo dovesti do toga da ljudi gomilaju valutu i da će dovesti do ekonomskog kolapsa, jer ljudi prestaju da kupuju robu i ulažu u preduzeća. To jednostavno nije tačno, jer ljudi uvek imaju potrebe i želje zbog kojih kupuju odredjenu robu. Stalni pad cena tokom vremena jednostavno bi promenio psihologiju potrošačke kulture u kojoj živimo.

Potrošačka kultura potiče od inflacije

Kako je to istina? Pogledajmo na sledećem primeru. Recimo da želite novi auto i da imate dovoljno novca da ga kupite. Poznato je da u našem svetu zbog stalne inflacije vaš novac vremenom postaje sve manje i manje vredan. U paralelnom svemiru u kojem se javlja stalna deflacija, vaš novac vremenom postaje sve vredniji.

• Uz konstantnu inflaciju, auto će koštati nešto više sledeće godine, i nešto više naredne godine. Niste sigurni gde da uložite novac da biste sa vremenom sigurno očuvali njegovu kupovnu moć. Ako niste sigurni da li ćete da kupite auto, ima više finansijskog smisla da ga kupite odmah, da biste dobili najbolju ponudu.
• Uz konstantnu deflaciju, auto će koštati nešto manje sledeće, i još manje naredne godine. Ako samo čuvate vaš novac, sledeće godine ćete dobiti bolju ponudu za auto. Ako niste sigurni da li ćete da kupite auto, ima više finansijskog smisla da sačekate malo duže da biste dobili bolju ponudu.

Sada razmislite o ta dva scenarija, pomnožena bilionima ljudi i proizvoda. Uz konstantnu inflaciju, svako ima malo više razloga da kupuje stvari upravo sada. Uz konstantnu deflaciju, svi sada imaju malo manje razloga da kupuju. Upravo na taj način inflacija je u osnovi naše materijalističke, potrošačke kulture. Deflacija bi mogla da bude lek.

Inflacija uzrokuje loše investicije

Vaš novac godišnje gubi “2%” svoje vrednosti zbog inflacije. Sada, recimo da vas Stefan pita da investirate u njegov Fast food. Nakon uvida u brojeve, verujete da ćete ovom investicijom izgubiti 1% od vrednosti svog novca. Gubitak od 1% u Stefanovom poslu bolji je od gubitka od 2% zbog inflacije, pa se vi odlučujete da uložite. Ovo je loša investicija, eng. malinvestment – investirajući vi ćete da izgubite deo vrednosti. Međutim, čuvanje valute je još gore, zato ulažete.

Loša investicija: isto kao bacanje novca u smeće.

Mnogi investitori, poput penzijskih fondova, danas su prisiljeni da investiraju u neprofitabilne biznise zbog investicionih mandata i same veličine njihove ‘imovine pod upravljanjem’.

Pristalice konstantno niske inflacije veruju da bi deflacija smanjila investicije. Međutim, to bi samo smanjilo ulaganje u preduzeća sa negativnim očekivanim prinosom poput Stefanovog Fast food-a. Na primer, recimo da je deflacija u proseku oko 2% godišnje. Na ovom tržištu investitori bi jednostavno prestali da ulažu u projekte za koje misle da će im zaraditi manje od 2% godišnjeg povrata ulaganja.

Neznatno deflaciona valuta obeshrabriće ulaganja u lažna i loša preduzeća i podstaći ulaganje u solidna preduzeća koja svetu dodaju vrednost.

Kakav uticaj inflacija ima na društvo?

Inflacija pokreće povećanu potrošnju, smanjenu štednju i povećani dug. Sve ove stvari dovode do toga da većina ljudi mora da radi više sati i duže u starosti. Iako inflacija kažnjava one koji rade za platu, ona obogaćuje vlasnike bilo koje imovine koja dobija na ceni kada nova valuta uđe u sistem. Ova imovina uključuje akcije, umetnička dela, nekretnine i drugu imovinu koju bogataši koriste za čuvanje svog bogatstva.

Vremenom ljudi i firme izmišljaju nove načine za jeftinije stvaranje dobara i usluga višeg kvaliteta. Ovo je poznato kao ‘rast produktivnosti’ i trebalo bi da uzrokuje da cene tokom vremena konstantno padaju, a ne da rastu. Samo konstantno stvaranje valute koje je neophodno zbog monetarnog sistema zasnovanog na dugu naše vlade uzrokuje stalnu inflaciju i njene loše efekte.

Ako vam se sviđa moj rad, molim vas da ga podelite sa svojim prijateljima i porodicom. Cilj mi je da svima pružim pogled u ekonomiju i na to kako ona utiče na njihov život.