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@ df478568:2a951e67
2025-05-04 20:45:59So I've worked on this cashu cards idea for a few thousand blocks. The plan is to sell them, while also keeping them open source. I had many of these ideas swarming around in my head for tens of thousands of blocks and fighting with doubt. That's the ultimate final boss. We, bitcoiners have the power to use bitcoin as a
- Store of value
- Medium of exchange
- Unit of account.
Nostr gives us the power to speak feeely. That's an often underlooked aspect of this new protocol. Bitcoin is great for sending value, but it's not tue most efficient way to communicate. There are ways to add messages to the base-chain, but that's not robust enough to build a marketplace. The marketplace consists of people speaking and exchanging value. Nostr provides us this value.
Since we are free to communicate witout censorship on nostr, we are free to use the protocol for almost anything we can imagine. It's a public space without communication restrictions and information verification system with a web of trust and active development. Think of all the bitcoin merch on Etsy. There are posters, T-shirts, coffee cups and more sold on the government/corporate controlled Internet.I'm selling merch on nostr to show them how to sell merch on nostr.
Birthday Cards And Other Stuff
![Front of the Cashu Card birthday card (https://r2.primal.net/cache/b/70/1b/b701bff0067f6c339bf3d0d05b27e72787e7869cd2c35ea59f1d0f5416102d66.jpg)
Wait, But Why✏ is a blog from Tim Urban who has a unique perapective on life. He sells Birthday Cards, Christmas cards, plush toys and coffee cups on this blog. I always thought it was cool that he monitized his articles by his inspired me to sell some of my own greeting cards, coffee cups, and other stuff. I'm building a store like that for my blog, but I want sats, obviously...So I printed some birthday cards at an actual print shop and was shocked at how great they looked. Now I'm selling some on my store. I'm selling them for 15,000 sats, but each card recieves 1,000 sats in Cashu(in the form of a QR code inside the card) I plan to donate some sats to cashu project and split up the profits with BitPopart who desigbed the cartoon characters. I would like to use zapsplits in Shopstr. I hear the NIP is easy to implment. I should vibe code it or something. Nevertheless, I'm using sats as a medium of exchange, store of value, ans unit of account. If bitcoin jumps over the moon, I'll need to adjust my prices. I have some ideas for other stuff to sell too. I prefer making as much as I can by myself. I'm not using a loom to make shirts, but I want to make t-shirts with Custom QR codes and nostr art.
Shop My Store
...So check out my store at https://shopstr.zapthisblog.com. It will help support me writing this blog, give me bitcoin IT experience, and make me feel like I'm contributing something of value to the bitcoin movement. My goal is for plebs to use these cards to educate their children, family and friends. How many times have you heard, "Bitcoin is just a speculative asset?" Bitcoin is an abstract idea built from abstract math, a tossed salad of computer science, Austrian Economics, obscure political philosophy, and math they don't teach you in high school.
Don't say, "buy bitcoin." Show people bitcoin is used like money. Give them something they can see, touch, and use. They can scan the QR code and watch the sats appear on their phone by magic with a message: Happy Birthday!
npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0
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@ f7d424b5:618c51e8
2025-05-04 19:19:43
Listen to the new episode here!
Finally some good news. Good new games, worthwhile remakes, and bloggers facing the consequences of their actions. Gaming is healing. Let's talk about it!
Stuff cited:
Obligatory:
- Discuss this episode on OUR NEW FORUM
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Reminder that this is a Value4Value podcast so any support you can give us via a modern podcasting app is greatly appreciated and we will never bow to corporate sponsors!
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@ 6830c409:ff17c655
2025-05-04 20:23:30
Disclaimer: No artificial intelligence tool has been used to write this article except Grammarly.
There are some things that no one* wants to talk about in a public forum. One of those things is how we clean ourselves after using the toilet. Being a South Asian, I find the bathroom etiquette a bit different from where I am now- in the US. I don't think it is something we have to keep mum about.
[*Mostly]
Earlier, I had read a "Quora WAR" where there was a fierce fight between fellow Western country people vs Indians. Indians advocated using water and the West despised that and advocated using dry wipes/toilet paper. Recently (Yesterday), I remembered this Quora debate and I was curious, when was the commercial production of toilet tissues started? And what were the hygiene methods followed before that.
Obviously, My reading started with Wikipedia. And from there, it was a rabbit-hole. I don't know how, I kept on reading for almost 2 hours. And this piece is out of my understanding of things I read during that mere 2 hours.
We take it for granted today, but toilet paper has a fascinating story spanning thousands of years. From creative ancient solutions to the modern perforated roll, humanity's quest for comfort and cleanliness reveals surprising ingenuity.
Time Before Toilet Paper
Historically, people used whatever they had in their habitat, to clean themselves. This varied from grass, leaves, tree barks, etc. And yes, many civilizations insisted and used water as the main cleaning method. But this was mainly based on the availability of clean water.
Wherever the availability of water was in question, people got creative! Ancient Romans used "tersorium"- basically it is a sea sponge on a stick. They sock it in vinegar or salt water between uses. These were communal.
Greeks preferred smooth pottery fragments with rounded edges. Of course, no one wanted the other end of the digestive tract injured! :D
Early Chinese civilizations wrapped cloth around wooden sticks shaped like spatulas.
Medieval Europeans show their class divisions even in the bathroom! The wealthy used wool, hemp, or even lace. While commoners made do with whatever cloth they had- sometimes, their own sleeves (- today, YUCK!). In the 1700s rural Americas, people turned to nature, using corncobs and seashells.
No matter what we think about these methods, every civilization and every class of people in those valued one thing - Cleanliness.
True Toilet Paper Pioneers
We all know China invented paper somewhere near 100 AD. By the 6th century, Emporer Yandgi's court records show that he used 15,000 sheets of paper annually, just for his personal hygiene!
Early Chinese toilet papers were made from rice straw, hemp, and bamboo. They boiled the material, churned it into a pulp, flattened and dry it, and then cut into shape before using it. By 14th century, the imperial court enjoyed "Perfumed paper sheets". Records show that the royal family alone used almost 0.75 million sheets yearly!!
However, not everyone was happy with this invention. Traveling Muslim merchants described the Chinese practice as "Haraam" (foul), they always preferred using water.
The West Catches Up
Western toilet paper development took longer. Sir John Harrington invented the flushing toilet in 1596, though it would not become common for centuries. By the 1700s, newspapers became a popular bathroom staple.
The commercial breakthrough came only in 1857 when American entrepreneur Joseph Gayetty found a way for the commercial production of toilet papers. But at that time it was sold in another name - "Medicated Paper for Water-Closet". He sold it 500 sheets for 50 cents. Only then the use of "Toilet papers" really arrived in the West.
Rolling into Modern Era
Later in the 19th century, manufacturers found the best and most economical way to produce and store toilet paper - as "Rolls" like we see today. Seth Wheeler of Albany patented perforated wrapping paper in 1871. and the first modern perforated toilet paper roll came out in 1891, making the "tearing" much easier - literally and figuratively! :D
That was the same time home plumbing was improving a lot which resulted in having the toilets inside the home itself. With that, the consumption of toilet paper rose - first as a vanity symbol and later as a common addition to the shopping list.
Big Business in Bathrooms
Brothers - Clarence and Edward Irvin Scott founded Scott Paper Company in Philadelphia in 1879, initially cutting and packaging toilet paper for retailers to sell under their brands. The company grew after 1896 when Arthur Hoyt Scott joined. They started mass-producing their brand of toilet paper. By 1910, they had built the largest paper mill in Chester, marking the industrialization of toilet paper production.
Meanwhile, that old paper made of concoction in China became popular there by the 16th century.
From Luxury to Necessity
We humans always run behind an unknown "comfort". The story of toilet paper is also not so different from that. Imagine using the pottery fragments in place of that "plush quilted ultra-soft scented bathroom tissues". This everyday item we rarely think about represents centuries of innovation and cultural evolution.
Next time you pull a pack of tissue papers from the back aisle of Costco, spare a "thanks" for your ancestors and their corncobs, sea sponges, and pottery fragments.
And maybe soon, you might be "Zapping" to buy tissue papers.
Final Thoughts
The COVID-19 pandemic time gave us some lessons as well as some "FailArmy" videos. One of those videos was people fighting over the last available toilet paper pack in some shop. After the pandemic, there has been a surge in American homes installing Bidet faucets in their bathrooms. A bit late, but the West is now catching up again with the East! :D
Let me know if you liked this article - leave a reaction/comment. Cheers.
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-04 18:43:28
TEST SERGEY
TEST SERGEY TEST SERGEY TEST SERGEY TEST SERGEY TEST SERGEY TEST SERGEY
Places & Transitions
- Places:
-
Bla bla bla: some text
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system.
- logTask: bla bla bla.
petrinet ;startDay () -> working ;stopDay working -> () ;startPause working -> paused ;endPause paused -> working ;goSmoke working -> smoking ;endSmoke smoking -> working ;startEating working -> eating ;stopEating eating -> working ;startCall working -> onCall ;endCall onCall -> working ;startMeeting working -> inMeetinga ;endMeeting inMeeting -> working ;logTask working -> working -
@ c9badfea:610f861a
2025-05-04 18:39:06
- Install Kiwix (it's free and open source)
- Download ZIM files from the Kiwix Library (you will find complete offline versions of Wikipedia, Stack Overflow, Bitcoin Wiki, DevDocs and many more)
- Open the downloaded ZIM files within the Kiwix app
ℹ️ You can also package any website using either Kiwix Zimit (online tool) or the Zimit Docker Container (for technical users)
ℹ️.zimis the file format used for packaged websites -
@ 7ef5f1b1:0e0fcd27
2025-05-04 18:28:05
A monthly newsletter by The 256 Foundation
May 2025
Introduction:
Welcome to the fifth newsletter produced by The 256 Foundation! April was a jam-packed month for the Foundation with events ranging from launching three grant projects to the first official Ember One release. The 256 Foundation has been laser focused on our mission to dismantle the proprietary mining empire, signing off on a productive month with the one-finger salute to the incumbent mining cartel.
[IMG-001] Hilarious meme from @CincoDoggosDive in to catch up on the latest news, mining industry developments, progress updates on grant projects, Actionable Advice on helping test Hydra Pool, and the current state of the Bitcoin network.
Definitions:
DOJ = Department of Justice
SDNY = Southern District of New York
BTC = Bitcoin
SD = Secure Digital
Th/s = Terahash per second
OSMU = Open Source Miners United
tx = transaction
PSBT = Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction
FIFO = First In First Out
PPLNS = Pay Per Last N Shares
GB = Gigabyte
RAM = Random Access Memory
ASIC = Application Specific Integrated Circuit
Eh/s = Exahash per second
Ph/s = Petahash per second
News:
April 7: the first of a few notable news items that relate to the Samourai Wallet case, the US Deputy Attorney General, Todd Blanche, issued a memorandum titled “Ending Regulation By Prosecution”. The memo makes the DOJ’s position on the matter crystal clear, stating; “Specifically, the Department will no longer target virtual currency exchanges, mixing and tumbling services, and offline wallets for the acts of their end users or unwitting violations of regulations…”. However, despite the clarity from the DOJ, the SDNY (sometimes referred to as the “Sovereign District” for it’s history of acting independently of the DOJ) has yet to budge on dropping the charges against the Samourai Wallet developers. Many are baffled at the SDNY’s continued defiance of the Trump Administration’s directives, especially in light of the recent suspensions and resignations that swept through the SDNY office in the wake of several attorneys refusing to comply with the DOJ’s directive to drop the charges against New York City Mayor, Eric Adams. There is speculation that the missing piece was Trump’s pick to take the helm at the SDNY, Jay Clayton, who was yet to receive his Senate confirmation and didn’t officially start in his new role until April 22. In light of the Blanche Memo, on April 29, the prosecution and defense jointly filed a letter requesting additional time for the prosecution to determine it’s position on the matter and decide if they are going to do the right thing, comply with the DOJ, and drop the charges. Catch up on what’s at stake in this case with an appearance by Diverter on the Unbounded Podcast from April 24, the one-year anniversary of the Samourai Wallet developer’s arrest. This is the most important case facing Bitcoiners as the precedence set in this matter will have ripple effects that touch all areas of the ecosystem. The logic used by SDNY prosecutors argues that non-custodial wallet developers transfer money in the same way a frying pan transfers heat but does not “control” the heat. Essentially saying that facilitating the transfer of funds on behalf of the public by any means constitutes money transmission and thus requires a money transmitter license. All non-custodial wallets (software or hardware), node operators, and even miners would fall neatly into these dangerously generalized and vague definitions. If the SDNY wins this case, all Bitcoiners lose. Make a contribution to the defense fund here.
April 11: solo miner with ~230Th/s solves Block #891952 on Solo CK Pool, bagging 3.11 BTC in the process. This will never not be exciting to see a regular person with a modest amount of hashrate risk it all and reap all the mining reward. The more solo miners there are out there, the more often this should occur.
April 15: B10C publishes new article on mining centralization. The article analyzes the hashrate share of the currently five biggest pools and presents a Mining Centralization Index. The results demonstrate that only six pools are mining more than 95% of the blocks on the Bitcoin Network. The article goes on to explain that during the period between 2019 and 2022, the top two pools had ~35% of the network hashrate and the top six pools had ~75%. By December 2023 those numbers grew to the top two pools having 55% of the network hashrate and the top six having ~90%. Currently, the top six pools are mining ~95% of the blocks.
[IMG-002] Mining Centralization Index by @0xB10CB10C concludes the article with a solution that is worth highlighting: “More individuals home-mining with small miners help too, however, the home-mining hashrate is currently still negligible compared to the industrial hashrate.”
April 15: As if miner centralization and proprietary hardware weren’t reason enough to focus on open-source mining solutions, leave it to Bitmain to release an S21+ firmware update that blocks connections to OCEAN and Braiins pools. This is the latest known sketchy development from Bitmain following years of shady behavior like Antbleed where miners would phone home, Covert ASIC Boost where miners could use a cryptographic trick to increase efficiency, the infamous Fork Wars, mining empty blocks, and removing the SD card slots. For a mining business to build it’s entire operation on a fragile foundation like the closed and proprietary Bitmain hardware is asking for trouble. Bitcoin miners need to remain flexible and agile and they need to be able to adapt to changes instantly – the sort of freedoms that only open-source Bitcoin mining solutions are bringing to the table.
Free & Open Mining Industry Developments:
The development will not stop until Bitcoin mining is free and open… and then it will get even better. Innovators did not disappoint in April, here are nine note-worthy events:
April 5: 256 Foundation officially launches three more grant projects. These will be covered in detail in the Grant Project Updates section but April 5 was a symbolic day to mark the official start because of the 6102 anniversary. A reminder of the asymmetric advantage freedom tech like Bitcoin empowers individuals with to protect their rights and freedoms, with open-source development being central to those ends.
April 5: Low profile ICE Tower+ for the Bitaxe Gamma 601 introduced by @Pleb_Style featuring four heat pipes, 2 copper shims, and a 60mm Noctua fan resulting in up to 2Th/s. European customers can pick up the complete upgrade kit from the Pleb Style online store for $93.00.
IMG-003] Pleb Style ICE Tower+ upgrade kitApril 8: Solo Satoshi spells out issues with Bitaxe knockoffs, like Lucky Miner, in a detailed article titled The Hidden Cost of Bitaxe Clones. This concept can be confusing for some people initially, Bitaxe is open-source, right? So anyone can do whatever they want… right? Based on the specific open-source license of the Bitaxe hardware, CERN-OHL-S, and the firmware, GPLv3, derivative works are supposed to make the source available. Respecting the license creates a feed back loop where those who benefit from the open-source work of those who came before them contribute back their own modifications and source files to the open-source community so that others can benefit from the new developments. Unfortunately, when the license is disrespected what ends up happening is that manufacturers make undocumented changes to the components in the hardware and firmware which yields unexpected results creating a number of issues like the Bitaxe overheating, not connecting to WiFi, or flat out failure. This issue gets further compounded when the people who purchased the knockoffs go to a community support forum, like OSMU, for help. There, a number of people rack their brains and spend their valuable time trying to replicate the issues only to find out that they cannot replicate the issues since the person who purchased the knockoff has something different than the known Bitaxe model and the distributor who sold the knockoff did not document those changes. The open-source licenses are maintaining the end-users’ freedom to do what they want but if the license is disrespected then that freedom vanishes along with details about whatever was changed. There is a list maintained on the Bitaxe website of legitimate distributors who uphold the open-source licenses, if you want to buy a Bitaxe, use this list to ensure the open-source community is being supported instead of leeched off of.
April 8: The Mempool Open Source Project v3.2.0 launches with a number of highlights including a new UTXO bubble chart, address poisoning detection, and a tx/PSBT preview feature. The GitHub repo can be found here if you want to self-host an instance from your own node or you can access the website here. The Mempool Open Source Project is a great blockchain explorer with a rich feature set and helpful visualization tools.
[IMG-004] Address poisoning exampleApril 8: @k1ix publishes bitaxe-raw, a firmware for the ESP32S3 found on Bitaxes which enables the user to send and receive raw bytes over USB serial to and from the Bitaxe. This is a helpful tool for research and development and a tool that is being leveraged at The 256 Foundation for helping with the Mujina miner firmware development. The bitaxe-raw GitHub repo can be found here.
April 14: Rev.Hodl compiles many of his homestead-meets-mining adaptations including how he cooks meat sous-vide style, heats his tap water to 150°F, runs a hashing space heater, and how he upgraded his clothes dryer to use Bitcoin miners. If you are interested in seeing some creative and resourceful home mining integrations, look no further. The fact that Rev.Hodl was able to do all this with closed-source proprietary Bitcoin mining hardware makes a very bullish case for the innovations coming down the pike once the hardware and firmware are open-source and people can gain full control over their mining appliances.
April 21: Hashpool explained on The Home Mining Podcast, an innovative Bitcoin mining pool development that trades mining shares for ecash tokens. The pool issues an “ehash” token for every submitted share, the pool uses ecash epochs to approximate the age of those shares in a FIFO order as they accrue value, a rotating key set is used to eventually expire them, and finally the pool publishes verification proofs for each epoch and each solved block. The ehash is provably not inflatable and payouts are similar to the PPLNS model. In addition to the maturity window where ehash tokens are accruing value, there is also a redemption window where the ehash tokens can be traded in to the mint for bitcoin. There is also a bitcoin++ presentation from earlier this year where @vnprc explains the architecture.
April 26: Boerst adds a new page on stratum.work for block template details, you can click on any mining pool and see the extended details and visualization of their current block template. Updates happen in real-time. The page displays all available template data including the OP_RETURN field and if the pool is merge mining, like with RSK, then that will be displayed too. Stratum dot work is a great project that offers helpful mining insights, be sure to book mark it if you haven’t already.
[IMG-005] New stratum.work live template pageApril 27: Public Pool patches Nerdminer exploit that made it possible to create the impression that a user’s Nerdminer was hashing many times more than it actually was. This exploit was used by scammers trying to convince people that they had a special firmware for the Nerminer that would make it hash much better. In actuality, Public Pool just wasn’t checking to see if submitted shares were duplicates or not. The scammers would just tweak the Nerdminer firmware so that valid shares were getting submitted five times, creating the impression that the miner was hashing at five times the actual hashrate. Thankfully this has been uncovered by the open-source community and Public Pool quickly addressed it on their end.
Grant Project Updates:
Three grant projects were launched on April 5, Mujina Mining Firmware, Hydra Pool, and Libre Board. Ember One was the first fully funded grant and launched in November 2024 for a six month duration.
Ember One:
@skot9000 is the lead engineer on the Ember One and April 30 marked the conclusion of the first grant cycle after six months of development culminating in a standardized hashboard featuring a ~100W power consumption, 12-24v input voltage range, USB-C data communication, on-board temperature sensors, and a 125mm x 125mm formfactor. There are several Ember One versions on the road map, each with a different kind of ASIC chip but staying true to the standardized features listed above. The first Ember One, the 00 version, was built with the Bitmain BM1362 ASIC chips. The first official release of the Ember One, v3, is available here. v4 is already being worked on and will incorporate a few circuit safety mechanisms that are pretty exciting, like protecting the ASIC chips in the event of a power supply failure. The firmware for the USB adaptor is available here. Initial testing firmware for the Ember One 00 can be found here and full firmware support will be coming soon with Mujina. The Ember One does not have an on-board controller so a separate, USB connected, control board is required. Control board support is coming soon with the Libre Board. There is an in-depth schematic review that was recorded with Skot and Ryan, the lead developer for Mujina, you can see that video here. Timing for starting the second Ember One cycle is to be determined but the next version of the Ember One is planned to have the Intel BZM2 ASICs. Learn more at emberone.org
Mujina Mining Firmware:
@ryankuester is the lead developer for the Mujina firmware project and since the project launched on April 5, he has been working diligently to build this firmware from scratch in Rust. By using the bitaxe-raw firmware mentioned above, over the last month Ryan has been able to use a Bitaxe to simulate an Ember One so that he can start building the necessary interfaces to communicate with the range of sensors, ASICs, work handling, and API requests that will be necessary. For example, using a logic analyzer, this is what the first signs of life look like when communicating with an ASIC chip, the orange trace is a message being sent to the ASIC and the red trace below it is the ASIC responding [IMG-006]. The next step is to see if work can be sent to the ASIC and results returned. The GitHub repo for Mujina is currently set to private until a solid foundation has been built. Learn more at mujina.org
[IMG-006] First signs of life from an ASICLibre Board:
@Schnitzel is the lead engineer for the Libre Board project and over the last month has been modifying the Raspberry Pi Compute Module I/O Board open-source design to fit the requirements for this project. For example, removing one of the two HDMI ports, adding the 40-pin header, and adapting the voltage regulator circuit so that it can accept the same 12-24vdc range as the Ember One hashboards. The GitHub repo can be found here, although there isn’t much to look at yet as the designs are still in the works. If you have feature requests, creating an issue in the GitHub repo would be a good place to start. Learn more at libreboard.org
Hydra Pool:
@jungly is the lead developer for Hydra Pool and over the last month he has developed a working early version of Hydra Pool specifically for the upcoming Telehash #2. Forked from CK Pool, this early version has been modified so that the payout goes to the 256 Foundation bitcoin address automatically. This way, users who are supporting the funderaiser with their hashrate do not need to copy/paste in the bitcoin address, they can just use any vanity username they want. Jungly was also able to get a great looking statistics dashboard forked from CKstats and modify it so that the data is populated from the Hydra Pool server instead of website crawling. After the Telehash, the next steps will be setting up deployment scripts for running Hydra Pool on a cloud server, support for storing shares in a database, and adding PPLNS support. The 256 Foundation is only running a publicly accessible server for the Telehash and the long term goals for Hydra Pool are that the users host their own instance. The 256 Foundation has no plans on becoming a mining pool operator. The following Actionable Advice column shows you how you can help test Hydra Pool. The GitHub repo for Hydra Pool can be found here. Learn more at hydrapool.org
Actionable Advice:
The 256 Foundation is looking for testers to help try out Hydra Pool. The current instance is on a hosted bare metal server in Florida and features 64 cores and 128 GB of RAM. One tester in Europe shared that they were only experiencing ~70ms of latency which is good. If you want to help test Hydra Pool out and give any feedback, you can follow the directions below and join The 256 Foundation public forum on Telegram here.
The first step is to configure your miner so that it is pointed to the Hydra Pool server. This can look different depending on your specific miner but generally speaking, from the settings page you can add the following URL:
stratum+tcp://stratum.hydrapool.org:3333On some miners, you don’t need the “stratum+tcp://” part or the port, “:3333”, in the URL dialog box and there may be separate dialog boxes for the port.
Use any vanity username you want, no need to add a BTC address. The test iteration of Hydra Pool is configured to payout to the 256 Foundation BTC address.
If your miner has a password field, you can just put “x” or “1234”, it doesn’t matter and this field is ignored.
Then save your changes and restart your miner. Here are two examples of what this can look like using a Futurebit Apollo and a Bitaxe:
[IMG-007] Apollo configured to Hydra Pool
[IMG-008] Bitaxe Configured to Hydra PoolOnce you get started, be sure to check stats.hydrapool.org to monitor the solo pool statistics.
[IMG-009] Ember One hashing to Hydra PoolAt the last Telehash there were over 350 entities pointing as much as 1.12Eh/s at the fundraiser at the peak. At the time the block was found there was closer to 800 Ph/s of hashrate. At this next Telehash, The 256 Foundation is looking to beat the previous records across the board. You can find all the Telehash details on the Meetup page here.
State of the Network:
Hashrate on the 14-day MA according to mempool.space increased from ~826 Eh/s to a peak of ~907 Eh/s on April 16 before cooling off and finishing the month at ~841 Eh/s, marking ~1.8% growth for the month.
[IMG-010] 2025 hashrate/difficulty chart from mempool.spaceDifficulty was 113.76T at it’s lowest in April and 123.23T at it’s highest, which is a 8.3% increase for the month. But difficulty dropped with Epoch #444 just after the end of the month on May 3 bringing a -3.3% downward adjustment. All together for 2025 up to Epoch #444, difficulty has gone up ~8.5%.
According to the Hashrate Index, ASIC prices have flat-lined over the last month. The more efficient miners like the <19 J/Th models are fetching $17.29 per terahash, models between 19J/Th – 25J/Th are selling for $11.05 per terahash, and models >25J/Th are selling for $3.20 per terahash. You can expect to pay roughly $4,000 for a new-gen miner with 230+ Th/s.
[IMG-011] Miner Prices from Luxor’s Hashrate IndexHashvalue over the month of April dropped from ~56,000 sats/Ph per day to ~52,000 sats/Ph per day, according to the new and improved Braiins Insights dashboard [IMG-012]. Hashprice started out at $46.00/Ph per day at the beginning of April and climbed to $49.00/Ph per day by the end of the month.
[IMG-012] Hashprice/Hashvalue from Braiins InsightsThe next halving will occur at block height 1,050,000 which should be in roughly 1,063 days or in other words ~154,650 blocks from time of publishing this newsletter.
Conclusion:
Thank you for reading the fifth 256 Foundation newsletter. Keep an eye out for more newsletters on a monthly basis in your email inbox by subscribing at 256foundation.org. Or you can download .pdf versions of the newsletters from there as well. You can also find these newsletters published in article form on Nostr.
If you haven’t done so already, be sure to RSVP for the Texas Energy & Mining Summit (“TEMS”) in Austin, Texas on May 6 & 7 for two days of the highest Bitcoin mining and energy signal in the industry, set in the intimate Bitcoin Commons, so you can meet and mingle with the best and brightest movers and shakers in the space.
[IMG-013] TEMS 2025 flyer While you’re at it, extend your stay and spend Cinco De Mayo with The 256 Foundation at our second fundraiser, Telehash #2. Everything is bigger in Texas, so set your expectations high for this one. All of the lead developers from the grant projects will be present to talk first-hand about how to dismantle the proprietary mining empire.
If you are interested in helping The 256 Foundation test Hydra Pool, then hopefully you found all the information you need to configure your miner in this issue.
[IMG-014] FREE SAMOURAIIf you want to continue seeing developers build free and open solutions be sure to support the Samourai Wallet developers by making a tax-deductible contribution to their legal defense fund here. The first step in ensuring a future of free and open Bitcoin development starts with freeing these developers.
Live Free or Die,
-econoalchemist
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@ 51faaa77:2c26615b
2025-05-04 17:52:33
There has been a lot of debate about a recent discussion on the mailing list and a pull request on the Bitcoin Core repository. The main two points are about whether a mempool policy regarding OP_RETURN outputs should be changed, and whether there should be a configuration option for node operators to set their own limit. There has been some controversy about the background and context of these topics and people are looking for more information. Please ask short (preferably one sentence) questions as top comments in this topic. @Murch, and maybe others, will try to answer them in a couple sentences. @Murch and myself have collected a few questions that we have seen being asked to start us off, but please add more as you see fit.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/971277
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@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-04 01:13:31
Short photo-stories of the hidden, hard to find, obscure, and off the beaten track.
Come now, take a walk with me…
The Traveller 02: Jerusalem Old City
The bus slowly lurches up the winding and steep embankment. We can finally start to see the craggy tops of buildings peaking out over the ridge in the foreground distance. We have almost reached it. Jerusalem, the City on the Hill.
https://i.nostr.build/e2LpUKEgGBwfveGi.jpg
Our Israeli tour guide speaks over the mic to draw our attention to the valley below us instead - “This is the the Valley of Gehenna, the Valley of the Moloch,” he says. “In ancient times, the pagans who worshiped Moloch used this place for child sacrifice by fire. Now, imagine yourself, an early Hebrew, sitting atop the hill, looking down in horror. This is the literal Valley of The Shadow of Death, the origin of the Abrahamic concept of Hell.” Strong open - this is going to be fun.
https://i.nostr.build/5F29eBKZYs4bEMHk.jpg
Inside the Old City, our guide - a chubby, cherub-faced intelligence type on some sort of punishment duty, deputized to babysit foreigners specifically because he reads as so dopey and disarming - points out various Judeo-Christian sites on a map, his tone subtly suggesting which places are most suggested, or perhaps, permitted…
https://i.nostr.build/J44fhGWc9AZ5qpK4.jpg
https://i.nostr.build/3c0jh09nx6d5cEdt.jpg
Walking, we reach Judaism’s Kotel, the West Wall - massive, grand, and ancient, whispering of the Eternal. Amongst the worshipers, we touch the warm, dry limestone and, if we like, place written prayers into the wall's smaller cracks. A solemn and yearning ghost fills the place - but whose it is, I'm not sure.  https://i.nostr.build/AjDwA0rFiFPlrw1o.jpg
Just above the Kotel, Islam’s Dome of the Rock can be seen, its golden cap blazing in the sun. I ask our guide about visiting the dome. He cuts a heavy eyeroll in my direction - it seems I’ve outed myself as my group’s “that guy.” His face says more than words ever could, “Oy vey, there’s one in every group…”
“Why would anyone want to go there? It is a bit intense, no?” Still, I press. “Well, it is only open to tourists on Tuesday and Thursdays…” It is Tuesday. “And even then, visiting only opens from 11:30…” It is 11:20. As it becomes clear to him that I don't intend to drop this...“Fine!” he relents, with a dramatic flaring of the hands and an uniquely Israeli sigh, “Go there if you must. But remember, the bus leaves at 1PM. Good luck...” Great! Totally not ominous at all.
https://i.nostr.build/6aBhT61C28QO9J69.jpg
The checkpoint for the sole non-Muslim entrance leading up to the Dome is administered by several gorgeous and statuesque, assault rifle clad, Ethiop-Israeli female soldiers. In this period of relative peace and calm, they feel lax enough to make a coy but salacious game of their “screening” the men in line. As I observe, it seems none doth protest...
https://i.nostr.build/jm8F3pUp9EXqPRkN.jpg
Past the gun-totting Sirens, a long wooden rampart leads up to the Temple Mount, The Mount of the House of the Holy, al-Ḥaram al-Sharīf, The Noble Sanctuary, The Furthest Mosque, the site of the Dome of the Rock and the al-Masjid al-Asqa.
https://i.nostr.build/DoS0KIkrVN0yiVJ0.jpg
On the Mount, the Dome dominates all views. To those interested in pure expressions of beauty, the Dome is, undeniably, a thing of absolute glory. I pace the grounds, snapping what pictures I can. I pause to breathe and to let the electric energy of the setting wash over me.
https://i.nostr.build/0BQYLwpU291q2fBt.jpg
https://i.nostr.build/yCxfB1V8eAcfob93.jpg
It’s 12:15 now, I decide to head back. Now, here is what they don’t tell you. The non-Muslin entrance from the West Wall side is a one-way deal. Leaving the Dome plaza dumps you out into the back alley bazaar of Old City’s Muslim district. And so it is. I am lost.
https://i.nostr.build/XnQ5eZgjeS1UTEBt.jpg
https://i.nostr.build/EFGD5vgmFx5YYuH4.jpg
I run through the Muslim quarter, blindly turning down alleyways that seem to be taking me in the general direction of where I need to be - glimpses afforded by the city’s uneven elevation and cracks in ancient stone walls guiding my way.
https://i.nostr.build/mWIEAXlJfdqt3nuh.jpg
In a final act of desperation and likely a significant breach of Israeli security protocol, I scale a low wall and flop down back on the side of things where I'm “supposed” to be. But either no one sees me or no one cares. Good luck, indeed.
I make it back to my group - they are not hard to find, a bunch of MBAs in “business casual” travel attire and a tour guide wearing a loudly colored hat and jacket - with just enough time to still visit the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
https://i.nostr.build/3nFvsXdhd0LQaZd7.jpg
https://i.nostr.build/sKnwqC0HoaZ8winW.jpg
Inside, a chaotic and dizzying array of chapels, grand domed ceilings, and Christian relics - most notably the Stone of Anointing, commemorating where Christ’s body was prepared for burial and Tomb of Christ, where Christ is said to have laid for 3 days before Resurrection.
https://i.nostr.build/Lb4CTj1dOY1pwoN6.jpg
https://i.nostr.build/LaZkYmUaY8JBRvwn.jpg
In less than an hour, one can traverse from the literal Hell, to King David’s Wall, The Tomb of Christ, and the site of Muhammad’s Ascension. The question that stays with me - What is it about this place that has caused so many to turn their heads to the heavens and cry out for God? Does he hear? And if he answers, do we listen?
https://i.nostr.build/elvlrd7rDcEaHJxT.jpg
Jerusalem, The Old City, circa 2014. Israel.
There are secrets to be found. Go there.
Bitcoin #Jerusalem #Israel #Travel #Photography #Art #Story #Storytelling #Nostr #Zap #Zaps #Plebchain #Coffeechain #Bookstr #NostrArt #Writing #Writestr #Createstr
-
@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-04 17:48:58
The Bitcoin network was designed to be secure, decentralized, and resistant to censorship. However, as its usage grows, an important challenge arises: scalability. This term refers to the network's ability to manage an increasing number of transactions without affecting performance or security. This challenge has sparked the speed dilemma, which involves balancing transaction speed with the preservation of decentralization and security that the blockchain or timechain provides.
Scalability is the ability of a system to increase its performance to meet higher demands. In the case of Bitcoin, this means processing a greater number of transactions per second (TPS) without compromising the network's core principles.
Currently, the Bitcoin network processes about 7 transactions per second, a number considered low compared to traditional systems, such as credit card networks, which can process thousands of transactions per second. This limit is directly due to the fixed block size (1 MB) and the average 10-minute interval for creating a new block in the blockchain or timechain.
The speed dilemma arises from the need to balance three essential elements: decentralization, security, and speed.
The Timechain/"Blockchain" Trilemma:
01 - Decentralization: The Bitcoin network is composed of thousands of independent nodes that verify and validate transactions. Increasing the block size or making them faster could raise computational requirements, making it harder for smaller nodes to participate and affecting decentralization. 02 - Security: Security comes from the mining process and block validation. Increasing transaction speed could compromise security, as it would reduce the time needed to verify each block, making the network more vulnerable to attacks. 03 - Speed: The need to confirm transactions quickly is crucial for Bitcoin to be used as a payment method in everyday life. However, prioritizing speed could affect both security and decentralization.
This dilemma requires balanced solutions to expand the network without sacrificing its core features.
Solutions to the Scalability Problem
Several solutions have been suggested to address the scalability and speed challenges in the Bitcoin network.
- On-Chain Optimization
01 - Segregated Witness (SegWit): Implemented in 2017, SegWit separates signature data from transactions, allowing more efficient use of space in blocks and increasing capacity without changing the block size. 02 - Increasing Block Size: Some proposals have suggested increasing the block size to allow more transactions per block. However, this could make the system more centralized as it would require greater computational power.
- Off-Chain Solutions
01 - Lightning Network: A second-layer solution that enables fast and low-cost transactions off the main blockchain or timechain. These transactions are later settled on the main network, maintaining security and decentralization. 02 - Payment Channels: Allow direct transactions between two users without the need to record every action on the network, reducing congestion. 03 - Sidechains: Proposals that create parallel networks connected to the main blockchain or timechain, providing more flexibility and processing capacity.
While these solutions bring significant improvements, they also present issues. For example, the Lightning Network depends on payment channels that require initial liquidity, limiting its widespread adoption. Increasing block size could make the system more susceptible to centralization, impacting network security.
Additionally, second-layer solutions may require extra trust between participants, which could weaken the decentralization and resistance to censorship principles that Bitcoin advocates.
Another important point is the need for large-scale adoption. Even with technological advancements, solutions will only be effective if they are widely used and accepted by users and developers.
In summary, scalability and the speed dilemma represent one of the greatest technical challenges for the Bitcoin network. While security and decentralization are essential to maintaining the system's original principles, the need for fast and efficient transactions makes scalability an urgent issue.
Solutions like SegWit and the Lightning Network have shown promising progress, but still face technical and adoption barriers. The balance between speed, security, and decentralization remains a central goal for Bitcoin’s future.
Thus, the continuous pursuit of innovation and improvement is essential for Bitcoin to maintain its relevance as a reliable and efficient network, capable of supporting global growth and adoption without compromising its core values.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
-
@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-04 00:51:49
Short photo-stories of the hidden, hard to find, obscure, and off the beaten track.
Come now, take a walk with me…
The Traveller 01: Ku/苦 Bar
Find a dingy, nondescript alley in a suspiciously quiet corner of Bangkok’s Chinatown at night. Walk down it. Pass the small prayer shrine that houses the angels who look over these particular buildings and approach an old wooden door. You were told that there is a bar here, as to yet nothing suggests that this is so…
Wait! A closer inspection reveals a simple bronze plaque, out of place for its polish and tended upkeep, “cocktails 3rd floor.” Up the stairs then! The landing on floor 3 presents a white sign with the Chinese character for bitter, ku/苦, and a red arrow pointing right.
Pass through the threshold, enter a new space. To your right, a large expanse of barren concrete, an empty “room.” Tripods for…some kind of filming? A man-sized, locked container. Yet, you did not come here to ask questions, such things are none of your business!
And to your left, you find the golden door. Approach. Enter. Be greeted. You have done well! You have found it. 苦 Bar. You are among friends now. Inside exudes deep weirdness - in the etymological sense - the bending of destinies, control of the fates. And for the patrons, a quiet yet social place, a sensual yet sacred space.
Ethereal sounds, like forlorn whale songs fill the air, a strange music for an even stranger magic. But, Taste! Taste is the order of the day! Fragrant, Bizarre, Obscure, Dripping and Arcane. Here you find a most unique use flavor, flavors myriad and manifold, flavors beyond name. Buddha’s hand, burnt cedar charcoal, ylang ylang, strawberry leaf, maybe wild roots brought in by some friendly passerby, and many, many other things. So, Taste! The drinks here, libations even, are not so much to be liked or disliked, rather, the are liquid context, experience to be embraced with a curious mind and soul freed from judgment.
And In the inner room, one may find another set of stairs. Down this time. Leading to the second place - KANGKAO. A natural wine bar, or so they say. Cozy, botanical, industrial, enclosed. The kind of private setting where you might overhear Bangkok’s resident “State Department,” “UN,” and “NGO” types chatting auspiciously in both Mandarin and English with their Mainland Chinese counterparts. But don’t look hard or listen too long! Surely, there’s no reason to be rude… Relax, relax, you are amongst friends now.
**苦 Bar. Bangkok, circa 2020. There are secrets to be found. Go there. **
Plebchain #Bitcoin #NostrArt #ArtOnNostr #Writestr #Createstr #NostrLove #Travel #Photography #Art #Story #Storytelling #Nostr #Zap #Zaps #Bangkok #Thailand #Siamstr
-
@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-05-04 17:22:36
clients #list #descentralismo #english #article #finalversion
*These clients are generally applications on the Nostr network that allow you to use the same account, regardless of the app used, keeping your messages and profile intact.
**However, you may need to meet certain requirements regarding access and account NIP for some clients, so that you can access them securely and use their features correctly.
CLIENTS
Twitter like
- Nostrmo - [source] 🌐🤖🍎💻(🐧🪟🍎)
- Coracle - Super App [source] 🌐
- Amethyst - Super App with note edit, delete and other stuff with Tor [source] 🤖
- Primal - Social and wallet [source] 🌐🤖🍎
- Iris - [source] 🌐🤖🍎
- Current - [source] 🤖🍎
- FreeFrom 🤖🍎
- Openvibe - Nostr and others (new Plebstr) [source] 🤖🍎
- Snort 🌐(🤖[early access]) [source]
- Damus 🍎 [source]
- Nos 🍎 [source]
- Nostur 🍎 [source]
- NostrBand 🌐 [info] [source]
- Yana 🤖🍎🌐💻(🐧) [source]
- Nostribe [on development] 🌐 [source]
- Lume 💻(🐧🪟🍎) [info] [source]
- Gossip - [source] 💻(🐧🪟🍎)
- Camelus [early access] 🤖 [source]
Communities
- noStrudel - Gamified Experience [info] 🌐
- Nostr Kiwi [creator] 🌐
- Satellite [info] 🌐
- Flotilla - [source] 🌐🐧
- Chachi - [source] 🌐
- Futr - Coded in haskell [source] 🐧 (others soon)
- Soapbox - Comunnity server [info] [source] 🌐
- Ditto - Soapbox comunnity server 🌐 [source] 🌐
- Cobrafuma - Nostr brazilian community on Ditto [info] 🌐
- Zapddit - Reddit like [source] 🌐
- Voyage (Reddit like) [on development] 🤖
Wiki
Search
- Advanced nostr search - Advanced note search by isolated terms related to a npub profile [source] 🌐
- Nos Today - Global note search by isolated terms [info] [source] 🌐
- Nostr Search Engine - API for Nostr clients [source]
Website
App Store
ZapStore - Permitionless App Store [source]
Audio and Video Transmission
- Nostr Nests - Audio Chats 🌐 [info]
- Fountain - Podcast 🤖🍎 [info]
- ZapStream - Live streaming 🌐 [info]
- Corny Chat - Audio Chat 🌐 [info]
Video Streaming
Music
- Tidal - Music Streaming [source] [about] [info] 🤖🍎🌐
- Wavlake - Music Streaming [source] 🌐(🤖🍎 [early access])
- Tunestr - Musical Events [source] [about] 🌐
- Stemstr - Musical Colab (paid to post) [source] [about] 🌐
Images
- Pinstr - Pinterest like [source] 🌐
- Slidestr - DeviantArt like [source] 🌐
- Memestr - ifunny like [source] 🌐
Download and Upload
Documents, graphics and tables
- Mindstr - Mind maps [source] 🌐
- Docstr - Share Docs [info] [source] 🌐
- Formstr - Share Forms [info] 🌐
- Sheetstr - Share Spreadsheets [source] 🌐
- Slide Maker - Share slides 🌐 (advice: https://zaplinks.lol/ and https://zaplinks.lol/slides/ sites are down)
Health
- Sobrkey - Sobriety and mental health [source] 🌐
- NosFabrica - Finding ways for your health data 🌐
- LazerEyes - Eye prescription by DM [source] 🌐
Forum
- OddBean - Hacker News like [info] [source] 🌐
- LowEnt - Forum [info] 🌐
- Swarmstr - Q&A / FAQ [info] 🌐
- Staker News - Hacker News like 🌐 [info]
Direct Messenges (DM)
- 0xchat 🤖🍎 [source]
- Nostr Chat 🌐🍎 [source]
- Blowater 🌐 [source]
- Anigma (new nostrgram) - Telegram based [on development] [source]
- Keychat - Signal based [🤖🍎 on development] [source]
Reading
- Highlighter - Insights with a highlighted read 🌐 [info]
- Zephyr - Calming to Read 🌐 [info]
- Flycat - Clean and Healthy Feed 🌐 [info]
- Nosta - Check Profiles [on development] 🌐 [info]
- Alexandria - e-Reader and Nostr Knowledge Base (NKB) [source]
Writing
Lists
- Following - Users list [source] 🌐
- Listr - Lists [source] 🌐
- Nostr potatoes - Movies List source 💻(numpy)
Market and Jobs
- Shopstr - Buy and Sell [source] 🌐
- Nostr Market - Buy and Sell 🌐
- Plebeian Market - Buy and Sell [source] 🌐
- Ostrich Work - Jobs [source] 🌐
- Nostrocket - Jobs [source] 🌐
Data Vending Machines - DVM (NIP90)
(Data-processing tools)
AI
Games
- Chesstr - Chess 🌐 [source]
- Jestr - Chess [source] 🌐
- Snakestr - Snake game [source] 🌐
- DEG Mods - Decentralized Game Mods [info] [source] 🌐
Customization
Like other Services
- Olas - Instagram like [source] 🤖🍎🌐
- Nostree - Linktree like 🌐
- Rabbit - TweetDeck like [info] 🌐
- Zaplinks - Nostr links 🌐
- Omeglestr - Omegle-like Random Chats [source] 🌐
General Uses
- Njump - HTML text gateway source 🌐
- Filestr - HTML midia gateway [source] 🌐
- W3 - Nostr URL shortener [source] 🌐
- Playground - Test Nostr filters [source] 🌐
- Spring - Browser 🌐
Places
- Wherostr - Travel and show where you are
- Arc Map (Mapstr) - Bitcoin Map [info]
Driver and Delivery
- RoadRunner - Uber like [on development] ⏱️
- Arcade City - Uber like [on development] ⏱️ [info]
- Nostrlivery - iFood like [on development] ⏱️
OTHER STUFF
Lightning Wallets (zap)
- Alby - Native and extension [info] 🌐
- ZBD - Gaming and Social [info] 🤖🍎
- Wallet of Satoshi [info] 🤖🍎
- Minibits - Cashu mobile wallet [info] 🤖
- Blink - Opensource custodial wallet (KYC over 1000 usd) [source] 🤖🍎
- LNbits - App and extesion [source] 🤖🍎💻
- Zeus - [info] [source] 🤖🍎
Exchange
Media Server (Upload Links)
audio, image and video
- Nostr Build - [source] 🌐
- Nostr Check - [info] [source] 🌐
- NostPic - [source] 🌐
- Sovbit 🌐
- Voidcat - [source] 🌐
Without Nip: - Pomf - Upload larger videos [source] - Catbox - [source] - x0 - [source]
Donation and payments
- Zapper - Easy Zaps [source] 🌐
- Autozap [source] 🌐
- Zapmeacoffee 🌐
- Nostr Zap 💻(numpy)
- Creatr - Creators subscription 🌐
- Geyzer - Crowdfunding [info] [source] 🌐
- Heya! - Crowdfunding [source]
Security
- Secret Border - Generate offline keys 💻(java)
- Umbrel - Your private relay [source] 🌐
Extensions
- Nos2x - Account access keys 🌐
- Nsec.app 🌐 [info]
- Lume - [info] [source] 🐧🪟🍎
- Satcom - Share files to discuss - [info] 🌐
- KeysBand - Multi-key signing [source] 🌐
Code
- Nostrify - Share Nostr Frameworks 🌐
- Git Workshop (github like) [experimental] 🌐
- Gitstr (github like) [on development] ⏱️
- Osty [on development] [info] 🌐
- Python Nostr - Python Library for Nostr
Relay Check and Cloud
- Nostr Watch - See your relay speed 🌐
- NosDrive - Nostr Relay that saves to Google Drive
Bidges and Getways
- Matrixtr Bridge - Between Matrix & Nostr
- Mostr - Between Nostr & Fediverse
- Nostrss - RSS to Nostr
- Rsslay - Optimized RSS to Nostr [source]
- Atomstr - RSS/Atom to Nostr [source]
NOT RELATED TO NOSTR
Android Keyboards
Personal notes and texts
Front-ends
- Nitter - Twitter / X without your data [source]
- NewPipe - Youtube, Peertube and others, without account & your data [source] 🤖
- Piped - Youtube web without you data [source] 🌐
Other Services
- Brave - Browser [source]
- DuckDuckGo - Search [source]
- LLMA - Meta - Meta open source AI [source]
- DuckDuckGo AI Chat - Famous AIs without Login [source]
- Proton Mail - Mail [source]
Other open source index: Degoogled Apps
Some other Nostr index on:
-
@ 52b4a076:e7fad8bd
2025-04-28 00:48:57
I have been recently building NFDB, a new relay DB. This post is meant as a short overview.
Regular relays have challenges
Current relay software have significant challenges, which I have experienced when hosting Nostr.land: - Scalability is only supported by adding full replicas, which does not scale to large relays. - Most relays use slow databases and are not optimized for large scale usage. - Search is near-impossible to implement on standard relays. - Privacy features such as NIP-42 are lacking. - Regular DB maintenance tasks on normal relays require extended downtime. - Fault-tolerance is implemented, if any, using a load balancer, which is limited. - Personalization and advanced filtering is not possible. - Local caching is not supported.
NFDB: A scalable database for large relays
NFDB is a new database meant for medium-large scale relays, built on FoundationDB that provides: - Near-unlimited scalability - Extended fault tolerance - Instant loading - Better search - Better personalization - and more.
Search
NFDB has extended search capabilities including: - Semantic search: Search for meaning, not words. - Interest-based search: Highlight content you care about. - Multi-faceted queries: Easily filter by topic, author group, keywords, and more at the same time. - Wide support for event kinds, including users, articles, etc.
Personalization
NFDB allows significant personalization: - Customized algorithms: Be your own algorithm. - Spam filtering: Filter content to your WoT, and use advanced spam filters. - Topic mutes: Mute topics, not keywords. - Media filtering: With Nostr.build, you will be able to filter NSFW and other content - Low data mode: Block notes that use high amounts of cellular data. - and more
Other
NFDB has support for many other features such as: - NIP-42: Protect your privacy with private drafts and DMs - Microrelays: Easily deploy your own personal microrelay - Containers: Dedicated, fast storage for discoverability events such as relay lists
Calcite: A local microrelay database
Calcite is a lightweight, local version of NFDB that is meant for microrelays and caching, meant for thousands of personal microrelays.
Calcite HA is an additional layer that allows live migration and relay failover in under 30 seconds, providing higher availability compared to current relays with greater simplicity. Calcite HA is enabled in all Calcite deployments.
For zero-downtime, NFDB is recommended.
Noswhere SmartCache
Relays are fixed in one location, but users can be anywhere.
Noswhere SmartCache is a CDN for relays that dynamically caches data on edge servers closest to you, allowing: - Multiple regions around the world - Improved throughput and performance - Faster loading times
routerd
routerdis a custom load-balancer optimized for Nostr relays, integrated with SmartCache.routerdis specifically integrated with NFDB and Calcite HA to provide fast failover and high performance.Ending notes
NFDB is planned to be deployed to Nostr.land in the coming weeks.
A lot more is to come. 👀️️️️️️
-
@ c7aa97dc:0d12c810
2025-05-04 17:06:47
COLDCARDS’s new Co-Sign feature lets you use a multisig (2 of N) wallet where the second key (policy key) lives inside the same COLDCARD and signs only when a transaction meets the rules you set-for example:
- Maximum amount per send (e.g. 500k Sats)
- Wait time between sends, (e.g 144 blocks = 1 day)
- Only send to approved addresses,
- Only send after you provide a 2FA code
If a payment follows the rules, COLDCARD automatically signs the transaction with 2 keys which makes it feel like a single-sig wallet.
Break a rule and the device only signs with 1 key, so nothing moves unless you sign the transaction with a separate off-site recovery key.
It’s the convenience of singlesig with the guard-rails of multisig.
Use Cases Unlocked
Below you will find an overview of usecases unlocked by this security enhancing feature for everyday bitcoiners, families, and small businesses.
1. Travel Lock-Down Mode
Before you leave, set the wait-time to match the duration of your trip—say 14 days—and cap each spend at 50k sats. If someone finds the COLDCARD while you’re away, they can take only one 50k-sat nibble and then must wait the full two weeks—long after you’re back—to try again. When you notice your device is gone you can quickly restore your wallet with your backup seeds (not in your house of course) and move all the funds to a new wallet.
2. Shared-Safety Wallet for Parents or Friends
Help your parents or friends setup a COLDCARD with Co-Sign, cap each spend at 500 000 sats and enforce a 7-day gap between transactions. Everyday spending sails through; anything larger waits for your co-signature from your key. A thief can’t steal more than the capped amount per week, and your parents retains full sovereignty—if you disappear, they still hold two backup seeds and can either withdraw slowly under the limits or import those seeds into another signer and move everything at once.
3. My First COLDCARD Wallet
Give your kid a COLDCARD, but whitelist only their own addresses and set a 100k sat ceiling. They learn self-custody, yet external spends still need you to co-sign.
4. Weekend-Only Spending Wallet
Cap each withdrawal (e.g., 500k sats) and require a 72-hour gap between sends. You can still top-up Lightning channels or pay bills weekly, but attackers that have access to your device + pin will not be able to drain it immediately.
5. DIY Business Treasury
Finance staff use the COLDCARD to pay routine invoices under 0.1 BTC. Anything larger needs the co-founder’s off-site backup key.
6. Donation / Grant Disbursement Wallet
Publish the deposit address publicly, but allow outgoing payments only to a fixed list of beneficiary addresses. Even if attackers get the device, they can’t redirect funds to themselves—the policy key refuses to sign.
7. Phoenix Lightning Wallet Top-Up
Add a Phoenix Lightning wallet on-chain deposit addresses to the whitelist. The COLDCARD will co-sign only when you’re refilling channels. This is off course not limited to Phoenix wallet and can be used for any Lightning Node.
8. Deep Cold-Storage Bridge
Whitelist one or more addresses from your bitcoin vault. Day-to-day you sweep hot-wallet incoming funds (From a webshop or lightning node) into the COLDCARD, then push funds onward to deep cold storage. If the device is compromised, coins can only land safely in the vault.
9. Company Treasury → Payroll Wallets
List each employee’s salary wallet on the whitelist (watch out for address re-use) and cap the amount per send. Routine payroll runs smoothly, while attackers or rogue insiders can’t reroute funds elsewhere.
10. Phone Spending-Wallet Refills
Whitelist only some deposit addresses of your mobile wallet and set a small per-send cap. You can top up anytime, but an attacker with the device and PIN can’t drain more than the refill limit—and only to your own phone.
I hope these usecase are helpfull and I'm curious to hear what other use cases you think are possible with this co-signing feature.
For deeper technical details on how Co-Sign works, refer to the official documentation on the Coldcard website. https://coldcard.com/docs/coldcard-cosigning/
You can also watch their Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjMPDUWWegw
coldcard #coinkite #bitcoin #selfcustody #multisig #mk4 #ccq
nostr:npub1az9xj85cmxv8e9j9y80lvqp97crsqdu2fpu3srwthd99qfu9qsgstam8y8 nostr:npub12ctjk5lhxp6sks8x83gpk9sx3hvk5fz70uz4ze6uplkfs9lwjmsq2rc5ky
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@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-04 00:06:31
This opinion piece was first published in BTC Magazine on Feb 20, 2023
Just in case we needed a reminder, banks are showing us that they can and will gatekeep their customers’ money to prevent them from engaging with bitcoin. This should be a call to action for Bitcoiners or anyone else who wants to maintain control over their finances to move toward more proactive use of permissionless bitcoin tools and practices.
Since January of 2023, when Jamie Dimon decried Bitcoin as a “hyped-up fraud” and “a pet rock,” on CNBC, I've found myself unable to purchase bitcoin using my Chase debit card on Cash App. And I'm not the only one — if you have been following Bitcoin Twitter, you might have also seen Alana Joy tweet about her experience with the same. (Alana Joy Twitter account has since been deleted).
In both of our cases, it is the bank preventing bitcoin purchases and blocking inbound fiat transfers to Cash App for customers that it has associated with Bitcoin. All under the guise of “fraud protection,” of course.
No, it doesn’t make a whole lot of sense — Chase still allows ACH bitcoin purchases and fiat on Cash App can be used for investing in stocks, saving or using Cash App’s own debit card, not just bitcoin — but yes, it is happening. Also, no one seems to know exactly when this became Chase’s policy. The fraud representative I spoke with wasn’t sure and couldn’t point to any documentation, but reasoned that the rule has been in place since early last year. Yet murkier still, loose chatter can be found on Reddit about this issue going back to at least April 2021.
However, given that I and so many others were definitely buying bitcoin via Chase debit throughout 2021 and 2022, I’d wager that this policy, up to now, has only been exercised haphazardly, selectively, arbitrarily, even. Dark patterns abound, but for now, it seems like I just happen to be one of the unlucky ones…
That said, there is nothing preventing this type of policy from being enforced broadly and in earnest by one or many banks. If and as banks feel threatened by Bitcoin, we will surely see more of these kinds of opaque practices.
It’s Time To Get Proactive
Instead, we should expect it and prepare for it. So, rather than railing against banks, I want to use this as a learning experience to reflect on the importance of permissionless, non-KYC Bitcoining, and the practical actions we can take to advance the cause.
Bank with backups and remember local options. Banking is a service, not servitude. Treat it as such. Maintaining accounts at multiple banks may provide some limited fault tolerance against banks that take a hostile stance toward Bitcoin, assuming it does not become the industry norm. Further, smaller, local and regional banks may be more willing to work with Bitcoiner customers, as individual accounts can be far more meaningful to them than they are to larger national banks — though this certainly should not be taken for granted.
If you must use KYC’d Bitcoin services, do so thoughtfully. For Cash App (and services like it), consider first loading in fiat and making buys out of the app’s native cash balance instead of purchasing directly through a linked bank account/debit card where information is shared with the bank that allows it to flag the transaction for being related to bitcoin. Taking this small step may help to avoid gatekeeping and can provide some minor privacy, from the bank at least.
Get comfortable with non-KYC bitcoin exchanges. Just as many precoiners drag their feet before making their first bitcoin buys, so too do many Bitcoiners drag their feet in using permissionless channels to buy and sell bitcoin. Robosats, Bisq, Hodl Hodl— you can use the tools. For anyone just getting started, BTC Sessions has excellent video tutorial content on all three, which are linked.
If you don’t yet know how to use these services, it’s better to pick up this knowledge now through calm, self-directed learning rather than during the panic of an emergency or under pressure of more Bitcoin-hostile conditions later. And for those of us who already know, we can actively support these services. For instance, more of us taking action to maintain recurring orders on such platforms could significantly improve their volumes and liquidity, helping to bootstrap and accelerate their network effects.
Be flexible and creative with peer-to-peer payment methods. Cash App, Zelle, PayPal, Venmo, Apple Cash, Revolut, etc. — the services that most users seem to be transacting with on no-KYC exchanges — they would all become willing, if not eager and active agents of financial gatekeeping in any truly antagonistic, anti-privacy environment, even when used in a “peer-to-peer” fashion.
Always remember that there are other payment options — such as gift cards, the original digital-bearer items — that do not necessarily carry such concerns. Perhaps, an enterprising soul might even use Fold to earn bitcoin rewards on the backend for the gift cards used on the exchange…
Find your local Bitcoin community! In the steadily-advancing shadow war on all things permissionless, private, and peer-to-peer, this is our best defense. Don’t just wait until you need other Bitcoiners to get to know other Bitcoiners — to paraphrase Texas Slim, “Shake your local Bitcoiner’s hand.” Get to know people and never underestimate the power of simply asking around. There could be real, live Bitcoiners near you looking to sell some corn and happy to see it go to another HODLer rather than to a bunch of lettuce-handed fiat speculators on some faceless, centralized, Ponzi casino exchange. What’s more, let folks know your skills, talents and expertise — you might be surprised to find an interested market that pays in BTC!
In closing, I believe we should think of permissionless Bitcoining as an essential and necessary core competency, just like we do with Self-Custody. And we should push it with similar urgency and intensity. But as we do this, we should also remember that it is a spectrum and a progression and that there are no perfect solutions, only tradeoffs. Realization of the importance of non-KYC practices will not be instant or obvious to near-normie newcoiners, coin-curious fence-sitters or even many minted Bitcoiners. My own experience is certainly a testament to this.
As we promote the active practice of non-KYC Bitcoining, we can anchor to empathy, patience and humility — always being mindful of the tremendous amount of unlearning most have to go through to get there. So, even if someone doesn’t get it the first time, or the nth time, that they hear it from us, if it helps them get to it faster at all, then it’s well worth it.
~Moon
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@ 40b9c85f:5e61b451
2025-04-24 15:27:02
Introduction
Data Vending Machines (DVMs) have emerged as a crucial component of the Nostr ecosystem, offering specialized computational services to clients across the network. As defined in NIP-90, DVMs operate on an apparently simple principle: "data in, data out." They provide a marketplace for data processing where users request specific jobs (like text translation, content recommendation, or AI text generation)
While DVMs have gained significant traction, the current specification faces challenges that hinder widespread adoption and consistent implementation. This article explores some ideas on how we can apply the reflection pattern, a well established approach in RPC systems, to address these challenges and improve the DVM ecosystem's clarity, consistency, and usability.
The Current State of DVMs: Challenges and Limitations
The NIP-90 specification provides a broad framework for DVMs, but this flexibility has led to several issues:
1. Inconsistent Implementation
As noted by hzrd149 in "DVMs were a mistake" every DVM implementation tends to expect inputs in slightly different formats, even while ostensibly following the same specification. For example, a translation request DVM might expect an event ID in one particular format, while an LLM service could expect a "prompt" input that's not even specified in NIP-90.
2. Fragmented Specifications
The DVM specification reserves a range of event kinds (5000-6000), each meant for different types of computational jobs. While creating sub-specifications for each job type is being explored as a possible solution for clarity, in a decentralized and permissionless landscape like Nostr, relying solely on specification enforcement won't be effective for creating a healthy ecosystem. A more comprehensible approach is needed that works with, rather than against, the open nature of the protocol.
3. Ambiguous API Interfaces
There's no standardized way for clients to discover what parameters a specific DVM accepts, which are required versus optional, or what output format to expect. This creates uncertainty and forces developers to rely on documentation outside the protocol itself, if such documentation exists at all.
The Reflection Pattern: A Solution from RPC Systems
The reflection pattern in RPC systems offers a compelling solution to many of these challenges. At its core, reflection enables servers to provide metadata about their available services, methods, and data types at runtime, allowing clients to dynamically discover and interact with the server's API.
In established RPC frameworks like gRPC, reflection serves as a self-describing mechanism where services expose their interface definitions and requirements. In MCP reflection is used to expose the capabilities of the server, such as tools, resources, and prompts. Clients can learn about available capabilities without prior knowledge, and systems can adapt to changes without requiring rebuilds or redeployments. This standardized introspection creates a unified way to query service metadata, making tools like
grpcurlpossible without requiring precompiled stubs.How Reflection Could Transform the DVM Specification
By incorporating reflection principles into the DVM specification, we could create a more coherent and predictable ecosystem. DVMs already implement some sort of reflection through the use of 'nip90params', which allow clients to discover some parameters, constraints, and features of the DVMs, such as whether they accept encryption, nutzaps, etc. However, this approach could be expanded to provide more comprehensive self-description capabilities.
1. Defined Lifecycle Phases
Similar to the Model Context Protocol (MCP), DVMs could benefit from a clear lifecycle consisting of an initialization phase and an operation phase. During initialization, the client and DVM would negotiate capabilities and exchange metadata, with the DVM providing a JSON schema containing its input requirements. nip-89 (or other) announcements can be used to bootstrap the discovery and negotiation process by providing the input schema directly. Then, during the operation phase, the client would interact with the DVM according to the negotiated schema and parameters.
2. Schema-Based Interactions
Rather than relying on rigid specifications for each job type, DVMs could self-advertise their schemas. This would allow clients to understand which parameters are required versus optional, what type validation should occur for inputs, what output formats to expect, and what payment flows are supported. By internalizing the input schema of the DVMs they wish to consume, clients gain clarity on how to interact effectively.
3. Capability Negotiation
Capability negotiation would enable DVMs to advertise their supported features, such as encryption methods, payment options, or specialized functionalities. This would allow clients to adjust their interaction approach based on the specific capabilities of each DVM they encounter.
Implementation Approach
While building DVMCP, I realized that the RPC reflection pattern used there could be beneficial for constructing DVMs in general. Since DVMs already follow an RPC style for their operation, and reflection is a natural extension of this approach, it could significantly enhance and clarify the DVM specification.
A reflection enhanced DVM protocol could work as follows: 1. Discovery: Clients discover DVMs through existing NIP-89 application handlers, input schemas could also be advertised in nip-89 announcements, making the second step unnecessary. 2. Schema Request: Clients request the DVM's input schema for the specific job type they're interested in 3. Validation: Clients validate their request against the provided schema before submission 4. Operation: The job proceeds through the standard NIP-90 flow, but with clearer expectations on both sides
Parallels with Other Protocols
This approach has proven successful in other contexts. The Model Context Protocol (MCP) implements a similar lifecycle with capability negotiation during initialization, allowing any client to communicate with any server as long as they adhere to the base protocol. MCP and DVM protocols share fundamental similarities, both aim to expose and consume computational resources through a JSON-RPC-like interface, albeit with specific differences.
gRPC's reflection service similarly allows clients to discover service definitions at runtime, enabling generic tools to work with any gRPC service without prior knowledge. In the REST API world, OpenAPI/Swagger specifications document interfaces in a way that makes them discoverable and testable.
DVMs would benefit from adopting these patterns while maintaining the decentralized, permissionless nature of Nostr.
Conclusion
I am not attempting to rewrite the DVM specification; rather, explore some ideas that could help the ecosystem improve incrementally, reducing fragmentation and making the ecosystem more comprehensible. By allowing DVMs to self describe their interfaces, we could maintain the flexibility that makes Nostr powerful while providing the structure needed for interoperability.
For developers building DVM clients or libraries, this approach would simplify consumption by providing clear expectations about inputs and outputs. For DVM operators, it would establish a standard way to communicate their service's requirements without relying on external documentation.
I am currently developing DVMCP following these patterns. Of course, DVMs and MCP servers have different details; MCP includes capabilities such as tools, resources, and prompts on the server side, as well as 'roots' and 'sampling' on the client side, creating a bidirectional way to consume capabilities. In contrast, DVMs typically function similarly to MCP tools, where you call a DVM with an input and receive an output, with each job type representing a different categorization of the work performed.
Without further ado, I hope this article has provided some insight into the potential benefits of applying the reflection pattern to the DVM specification.
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@ 6389be64:ef439d32
2025-05-03 07:17:36
In Jewish folklore, the golem—shaped from clay—is brought to life through sacred knowledge. Clay’s negative charge allows it to bind nutrients and water, echoing its mythic function as a vessel of potential.
Biochar in Amazonian terra preta shares this trait: it holds life-sustaining ions and harbors living intention. Both materials, inert alone, become generative through human action. The golem and black earths exist in parallel—one cultural, one ecological—shaping the lifeless into something that serves, protects, and endures.
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/970089
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@ 266815e0:6cd408a5
2025-05-02 22:24:59
Its been six long months of refactoring code and building out to the applesauce packages but the app is stable enough for another release.
This update is pretty much a full rewrite of the non-visible parts of the app. all the background services were either moved out to the applesauce packages or rewritten, the result is that noStrudel is a little faster and much more consistent with connections and publishing.
New layout
The app has a new layout now, it takes advantage of the full desktop screen and looks a little better than it did before.
Removed NIP-72 communities
The NIP-72 communities are no longer part of the app, if you want to continue using them there are still a few apps that support them ( like satellite.earth ) but noStrudel won't support them going forward.
The communities where interesting but ultimately proved too have some fundamental flaws, most notably that all posts had to be approved by a moderator. There were some good ideas on how to improve it but they would have only been patches and wouldn't have fixed the underlying issues.
I wont promise to build it into noStrudel, but NIP-29 (relay based groups) look a lot more promising and already have better moderation abilities then NIP-72 communities could ever have.
Settings view
There is now a dedicated settings view, so no more hunting around for where the relays are set or trying to find how to add another account. its all in one place now
Cleaned up lists
The list views are a little cleaner now, and they have a simple edit modal
New emoji picker
Just another small improvement that makes the app feel more complete.
Experimental Wallet
There is a new "wallet" view in the app that lets you manage your NIP-60 cashu wallet. its very experimental and probably won't work for you, but its there and I hope to finish it up so the app can support NIP-61 nutzaps.
WARNING: Don't feed the wallet your hard earned sats, it will eat them!
Smaller improvements
- Added NSFW flag for replies
- Updated NIP-48 bunker login to work with new spec
- Linkfy BIPs
- Added 404 page
- Add NIP-22 comments under badges, files, and articles
- Add max height to timeline notes
- Fix articles view freezing on load
- Add option to mirror blobs when sharing notes
- Remove "open in drawer" for notes
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@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-04 17:06:06
In the Bitcoin system, the protection and ownership of funds are ensured by a cryptographic model that uses private and public keys. These components are fundamental to digital security, allowing users to manage and safeguard their assets in a decentralized way. This process removes the need for intermediaries, ensuring that only the legitimate owner has access to the balance linked to a specific address on the blockchain or timechain.
Private and public keys are part of an asymmetric cryptographic system, where two distinct but mathematically linked codes are used to guarantee the security and authenticity of transactions.
Private Key = A secret code, usually represented as a long string of numbers and letters.
Functions like a password that gives the owner control over the bitcoins tied to a specific address.
Must be kept completely secret, as anyone with access to it can move the corresponding funds.
Public Key = Mathematically derived from the private key, but it cannot be used to uncover the private key.
Functions as a digital address, similar to a bank account number, and can be freely shared to receive payments.
Used to verify the authenticity of signatures generated with the private key.
Together, these keys ensure that transactions are secure and verifiable, eliminating the need for intermediaries.
The functioning of private and public keys is based on elliptic curve cryptography. When a user wants to send bitcoins, they use their private key to digitally sign the transaction. This signature is unique for each operation and proves that the sender possesses the private key linked to the sending address.
Bitcoin network nodes check this signature using the corresponding public key to ensure that:
01 - The signature is valid. 02 - The transaction has not been altered since it was signed. 03 - The sender is the legitimate owner of the funds.
If the signature is valid, the transaction is recorded on the blockchain or timechain and becomes irreversible. This process protects funds against fraud and double-spending.
The security of private keys is one of the most critical aspects of the Bitcoin system. Losing this key means permanently losing access to the funds, as there is no central authority capable of recovering it.
- Best practices for protecting private keys include:
01 - Offline storage: Keep them away from internet-connected networks to reduce the risk of cyberattacks. 02 - Hardware wallets: Physical devices dedicated to securely storing private keys. 03 - Backups and redundancy: Maintain backup copies in safe and separate locations. 04 - Additional encryption: Protect digital files containing private keys with strong passwords and encryption.
- Common threats include:
01 - Phishing and malware: Attacks that attempt to trick users into revealing their keys. 02 - Physical theft: If keys are stored on physical devices. 03 - Loss of passwords and backups: Which can lead to permanent loss of funds.
Using private and public keys gives the owner full control over their funds, eliminating intermediaries such as banks or governments. This model places the responsibility of protection on the user, which represents both freedom and risk.
Unlike traditional financial systems, where institutions can reverse transactions or freeze accounts, in the Bitcoin system, possession of the private key is the only proof of ownership. This principle is often summarized by the phrase: "Not your keys, not your coins."
This approach strengthens financial sovereignty, allowing individuals to store and move value independently and without censorship.
Despite its security, the key-based system also carries risks. If a private key is lost or forgotten, there is no way to recover the associated funds. This has already led to the permanent loss of millions of bitcoins over the years.
To reduce this risk, many users rely on seed phrases, which are a list of words used to recover wallets and private keys. These phrases must be guarded just as carefully, as they can also grant access to funds.
In summary, private and public keys are the foundation of security and ownership in the Bitcoin system. They ensure that only rightful owners can move their funds, enabling a decentralized, secure, and censorship-resistant financial system.
However, this freedom comes with great responsibility, requiring users to adopt strict practices to protect their private keys. Loss or compromise of these keys can lead to irreversible consequences, highlighting the importance of education and preparation when using Bitcoin.
Thus, the cryptographic key model not only enhances security but also represents the essence of the financial independence that Bitcoin enables.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
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@ cbaa0c82:e9313245
2025-05-02 17:00:12
TheWholeGrain - #April2025
Toast officially took this April. It was non-stop Toast posts since the beginning of the month when Toast somehow got control of the nSec for the official Bread and Toast nPub on NOSTR. Not only that, but Toast somehow managed to hack the entire Bread and Toast website!
We're still trying to figure out how...
Luckily, we've managed to take back control of the website as well as gotten Toast to agree not to mess around with our profile on NOSTR. We'll see how long that lasts...
Sunday Singles - April 2025 2025-04-06 | Sunday Single 87 Title: Puppets Toast just keeps saying, "Dance my puppets... Dance..." over and over... https://i.nostr.build/Xz6akLAQXZgTUJrh.png
2025-04-13 | Sunday Single 88 Title: Late Night Show Tonight on A Midnight Snack with Toast! We have our guest, End-Piece, to talk about a new movie and much more! https://i.nostr.build/NKdCZ6gmZh7wEFSJ.png
2025-04-20 | Sunday Single 89 Title: Sculpture This statue is in honor of Toast, the Great! https://i.nostr.build/08C2SG3VCiugelX4.png
2025-04-27 | Sunday Single 90 Title: Nothing Butter It's Nothing Butter! Because Nothing get Butter than this! https://i.nostr.build/sfR3U6LWIj9hPjkX.png
Adventure Series: Questline The group continues on the next leg of their journey which happens to lead them into a massive forest where the trees are so thick and large that sunlight can barely get through if at all!
Artist: Dakota Jernigan (The Bitcoin Painter) Writer: Daniel David (dan 🍞)
2025-04-08 | Questline 007 - Dark Forest After recovering from their recent battle our heroes continue on their path to find themselves before a large dark forest. The forest is so large that the only way to get to the other side is to go through it. https://i.nostr.build/29FrlOBwWCRsTvrN.png
2025-04-22 | Questline 008 - Into the Shadows As the our heroes enter the forest the darkness of the shadows begins to engulf all that is around them. While Bread is eager to move into the woods Toast and End-Piece are a little more hesitant to do so. https://i.nostr.build/MOkJEzeFVVCSK9aj.png
Toast's Takeover 2025 As we pointed out at the beginning of this edition of The Whole Grain, Toast took over just about everything! On the last day of March something suspicious was going on. https://i.nostr.build/0ERB5nXGTRQew0C3.png
The next day on April 1st, the official Bread and Toast nPub was renamed to Toast and Bread. Some people might have even thought that it was just a silly April Fools joke on our part, but then the following message was released that same morning:
Hey, everyone! Toast here! That’s right, I’m in charge now! https://i.nostr.build/tHyQr5BsGcf00crp.png
For the next month, it’s all about, me, Toast! Prepare yourselves for Toast’s Takeover!
Stay tuned for more of Toast and Bread! Things are about to get crispy!
Our entire brand was transformed into Toast and Bread. Even the website was redirecting to ToastandBread.com. It was crazy, and no one could figure out how Toast made it all happen.
Other Content Released in April 2025 2025-04-02 | Toast's Comic Collection Title: Toastie #12 Hi. My Name is Toastie Andrews. Welcome to Toasterdale! https://i.nostr.build/vW9plTM44t4U2WM8.png
2025-04-09 | Concept Art Title: The Birth of Toast This was a quick drawing done to show how Toast actually became Toast. The idea was that our second slice of bread gets stuck in a toaster while exploring. End-Piece accidentally turns the toaster on while trying to figure out how to help. https://i.nostr.build/TDQ6CiPBkrxAU3Vi.png
2025-04-16 | Bitcoin Art Title: Toast Loves Lightning Block Height: 892674 Toast loves learning about Lightning! https://i.nostr.build/SAoXAvpjH6gYDYPB.png
Additions to The Bakery in 2025 We had our first addition of the year to The Bakery back in March, and we'd like to make sure we share it in this edition of The Whole Grain since we forgot to mention it the March edition. Let's just all agree we got distracted dealing with Toast's ego.
2025-03-09 | npub1df47g7a39usamq83aula72zdz23fx9xw5rrfmd0v6p9t20n5u0ss2eqez9 https://image.nostr.build/55d0531271ee5263841d4d06b67f787ed3da85babaedd865a007f957e14fb2e7.jpg
As for April, we had a few new additions to The Bakery. The first additions was a collection that showed us what Bread and Toast would look like on some classic VHS tapes.
2025-04-04 | npub1qhjxfxpjm7udr0agr6nuhuwf9383e4g9907g64r9hf6y4fh6t6uqpcp36k https://i.nostr.build/5VJZdLOC1FdzJ3XE.jpg https://i.nostr.build/G5SUkzo1tKoYFoef.png https://i.nostr.build/ViDuteL5TXM3YTs1.png
To finish off here is the latest addition which was a beautiful watercolor showing off all three slices of bread on a plate next to a toaster!
2025-04-24 | npub1f5kc2agn63ecv2ua4909z9ahgmr2x9263na36jh6r908ql0926jq3nvk2u https://image.nostr.build/9fc49d71715ae6a90f441b71de6ba0f8598b3f81c7fb7247ccb200e9537d8fb1.jpg https://image.nostr.build/19a158ceb6010a24712ee2741447f3e56f2883156e775c1be037b498a3b51a2e.jpg
Thanks for checking out the eighth issue of The Whole Grain. The Whole Grain is released on the first of every month and covers all of the content released by Bread and Toast in the previous month. For all Bread and Toast content visit BreadandToast.com!
Thanks for putting up with Toast this past month! Bread and End-Piece
BreadandToast #SundaySingle #Questline #ToastsComicCollection #ConceptArt #BitcoinArt #Bread #Toast #EndPiece #Artstr #Comic #Cartoon #NostrOnly #🍞 #🖼️
List of nPubs Mentioned: samhain: npub1df47g7a39usamq83aula72zdz23fx9xw5rrfmd0v6p9t20n5u0ss2eqez9
archjourney: npub1qhjxfxpjm7udr0agr6nuhuwf9383e4g9907g64r9hf6y4fh6t6uqpcp36k
existing sprinkles: npub1f5kc2agn63ecv2ua4909z9ahgmr2x9263na36jh6r908ql0926jq3nvk2u
The Bitcoin Painter: npub1tx5ccpregnm9afq0xaj42hh93xl4qd3lfa7u74v5cdvyhwcnlanqplhd8g
dan 🍞: npub16e3vzr7dk2uepjcnl85nfare3kdapxge08gr42s99n9kg7xs8xhs90y9v6
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@ 22050dd3:480c11ea
2025-05-02 16:10:59
Bitcoin isn’t complicated, nor is it difficult to understand. It just requires a bit of time and the realization that Bitcoin is unlike anything you’ve heard of or seen before. It’s different.
From the outside looking in, Bitcoin seems like a whole world full of strange and sophisticated words. What is a hash? Is it related to hash rate? What about this talk of public keys, private keys, and seed phrases? Are these seeds edible? While these aren’t words you’d find in traditional finance and economics jargon, they’re fairly simple to understand.
Going deeper, there are concepts and properties of Bitcoin that aren’t found elsewhere.
What does it mean that Bitcoin is deflationary? What’s this talk of Lightning, layers, and on-chain vs off-chain? These can seem complex to the uneducated reader, but fear not as they can be understood with a little bit of explanation.
These concepts aren’t complicated, just different.
I once read that “Bitcoin is everything people don’t understand about computers mixed with everything people don’t understand about money”. While I do find this amusing and think it’s a witty one-liner, I don’t think it’s entirely accurate.
I would say that Bitcoin is the answer and the solution to a significant problem in the world today that the majority of people don’t even realize exists.
Our money and everything built on it is broken.
To the average person that last sentence probably provokes thoughts and questions. Most people do not understand what money is and its purpose. It makes sense why this is. At least in the United States, we are not taught what money is.
We all think we know what money is: the dollars in our wallets that we use to buy goods and services. These dollars are actually currency, which is a form of money, though the two are different.
Before I went down the rabbit hole and learned about Bitcoin, I also had no idea what money was.
Going back to Bitcoin, Bitcoin is two things: money, and a computer network. The fact that we don’t understand money is why Bitcoin seems so complicated. Add that Bitcoin is a new form of money that our species has never seen before and things get hairy very quickly for the outside observer. With a basic understanding of what money is, as well as a run-down of how blockchain technology works, Bitcoin becomes much more digestible.
Money is three things: medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Currency is two things: medium of exchange and unit of account. We use money in the form of currency as a medium of exchange to pay for goods and services. We use units of account to price goods and services. The store of value property is how we preserve the fruits of our time and energy (work) into the future.
To be good money a thing must fulfill these three properties well. Gold did succeed as a hard money until it didn’t. Gold still succeeds as a store of value, which is the most elusive of the three properties. However, gold has failed as a medium of exchange, which is why we transact with paper currency and not gold coins. Gold can only move at the speed of humans.
Bitcoin is proving with each passing day that it succeeds as hard and sound money by checking the box of these three properties.
If you’re reading this and asking “but a bitcoin is worth $96,000, how do you possibly use that to transact with?” then I have a great answer for you: a bitcoin is divisible into 100 million units, called satoshis or sats. This divisibility property gives Bitcoin the ability to succeed as a medium of exchange and unit of account. Everyday and small purchases are priced in satoshis, while less frequent but significant purchases are priced in bitcoin. A cup of coffee can be 3000 satoshis, while a house can be 3 bitcoin.
Bitcoin already has and will continue to succeed and take over on a global scale due to its store of value properties. For the first time in human history, a perfect money exists. Or rather, as close to “perfect” as possible. Due to its unique properties and absolute scarcity, Bitcoin will continue to become more valuable over time. It’s logical.
Absolute scarcity is difficult to comprehend because it has never existed before on such a large scale. More gold can always be mined, and more oil can always be drilled, but more than 21 million bitcoin total and a predictable and fixed release/minting schedule is forever. For the first time, society can save in money that can’t be debased and diluted. For the first time, society has money that discourages frivolous spending. This is amazing.
On a subconscious level, we are conditioned to want to spend our paper money since we are aware that it is constantly losing its value and buys us less in the future. With hard and sound money, there is no need to buy 20 properties to preserve one’s wealth. For the first time people can save in money, and no longer monetize other things. This will allow the prices of everything to fall, as they naturally should.
Photo by David McBeeWith this understanding of what good money should be, the defects with our current money become blindingly obvious, as if a switch were flipped for the first time. With this new understanding, it becomes a lot easier to understand Bitcoin and what it means for the world.
Understanding Bitcoin and its monetary system requires looking outside of the existing system. What makes it seem complicated is the fact that the majority of people do not realize what the current system is, how it works, and why it’s so severely flawed.
There are other and more comprehensive resources on the web for understanding how the Bitcoin blockchain works. However, I will provide a very basic explanation to get your big toe wet.
Transactions amongst peers are sent to a pool where they await inclusion into the blockchain. Highly specialized computers are constantly working around the globe to solve complex math problems to win the right to add the next block to the chain. When a computer solves the math problem, it adds transactions to the next block and is rewarded with a fixed amount of bitcoin (the block reward). Each block references and builds upon the previous block. Each new transaction is checked against previous transactions to ensure that no bitcoin is being double spent or invalidly spent. Once the new block is assembled, it is sent out to a global network of nodes that check the new block (and with it the rest of the chain) to verify that it is valid and conforms to the rules of the network. If the nodes are in consensus, the new block is added to the chain and the process starts over again.
There is no need for trust in the Bitcoin network, just verification.
A very important aspect of this process is that physical world energy, resources and time are required to mine blocks and keep the system running. This link between the physical and digital world is extremely crucial and is what sets Bitcoin aside from the rest and makes it the money that it is.
No matter how much computational power and no matter how much money you put into the system, there will never be more than 21 million coins total, with a release schedule set every 10 minutes on average. You could be the richest person in the world and have the computational power of Google, Microsoft, and Amazon combined. But on the Bitcoin network, you’re the same as the person who holds 1/100 of a bitcoin, and this is beautiful.
An understanding of Bitcoin isn’t something that happens overnight. While it’s possible to understand the concepts behind Bitcoin, a full understanding of what Bitcoin means to the world takes time. Much like any large change in life, it takes time to digest and truly understand that it has and will continue to have in the future.
Learning about and understanding Bitcoin isn’t like learning a new theory or equation. It isn’t like learning about a new way of doing things in the existing system. It’s a completely new and foreign system providing solutions to problems that you didn’t even know existed. Bitcoin is changing the world with each passing day and will continue to change and improve our world in ways we can’t even imagine in 2024.
With a growing understanding and the passage of time to digest, comprehend, and fully realize it, Bitcoin will change your perspective on the world and what you do with your time and energy. Once the mind opens up to what Bitcoin is and its significance, the world as it is now and the way we deal with money will seem completely asinine.
Bitcoin is exactly one of those things that you don’t notice until you notice it. And then it becomes impossible to ignore and see things as they once were.
Study Bitcoin.
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@ bf95e1a4:ebdcc848
2025-05-02 10:00:55
This is a part of the Bitcoin Infinity Academy course on Knut Svanholm's book Bitcoin: Sovereignty Through Mathematics. For more information, check out our Geyser page!
Holding On
In the old days, we Scandinavians had to save in order to prepare for the long winter. We chopped wood and salted meat in order to survive. In our current age of consumerism, however, we’ve forgotten all that and we pilgrim to the shopping malls as much as everyone else. No one seems to even have a savings account anymore. Interest rates are low, and we’re told to borrow and spend as much as we can. We’re bombarded with advertising for loans, mortgages, and financial services on a daily basis. Why? Because of our inability to understand the nature of money and its mechanics. Inflation is the underlying force that makes us squander rather than save. Inflation hinders us from reaping the fruits of our labor whenever we see fit, and it makes that very fruit rot. Bitcoin reverses the rotting process and provides us with a means of transporting the value of our labor not only through space but also through time.
The Stanford Marshmallow Experiments was a series of studies on delayed gratification conducted in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In these experiments, children were given a marshmallow or a cookie and were told that they would receive an additional one if they could control their urges and not touch the first one for fifteen minutes. Follow-up studies found that the kids who were able to resist the temptation of the first cookie tended to score better on SAT tests, have lower BMIs, and higher incomes than their less disciplined counterparts. Investing in your future self — in other words, resisting present temptation by delaying gratification — is the most effective skill you can cultivate for a brighter future. You reap what you sow. This can be described as having a low time preference. Having a low time preference is a fundamental factor in the economic success of any human endeavor. Not trying to catch fish with your hands for a couple of days in order to construct a rod or net when on a deserted island might make you hungry during those sacrificed days, but it will provide a better chance of catching fish in the future. Likewise, learning new skills now might lead to a higher salary in the future. Unfortunately, our current monetary system distorts our perceptions and incentives and favors those with a higher time preference — those who spend rather than save. We’re at a different point in history than the above-mentioned marooned fisherman. "Give a man a fish and feed him for a day, teach a man to fish and feed him for a lifetime," the saying goes. The ultimate goal should be to teach mankind to teach itself how to fish. What our current paradigm endorses is “give a man enough distractions, and he will stop thinking about finding better ways to support his loved ones and will succumb to whatever narrative you fill his head with, to make him work for you through taxes and inflation instead of for himself.”
In Bitcoin, people with a low time preference win. If you can resist the urge to sell, you will be rewarded in the future. The Bitcoin community refers to not selling as HODLing, which originated when a bitcointalk.org forumer named GameKyuubi misspelled the word holding in a now-famous post titled "I AM HODLING." The post became one of the Bitcoin community’s most prominent memes and a battle cry to resist the urge to sell during bear markets. Bitcoiners who have decided never to sell most or all of their holdings are referred to as HODLers of last resort. This term is not to be confused with the central banking term lender of last resort. The yearly highs in the price of Bitcoin are arguably less interesting than the yearly lows, which are practically decided by these HODLers of last resort. Considering its limited supply, all that Bitcoin needs to keep rising in price over the medium and long term are these people. Adoption and other metrics of measuring the success of Bitcoin are all dwarfed by the currency’s remarkable rise in value since its inception. The price has increased by a factor of ten approximately every three years. The best guarantee we have that it will keep doing so is Bitcoin’s limited supply combined with the HODLers of last resort.
In the Bitcoin space, and even more so in the cryptocurrency space on the whole, there’s a lot of talk about usage and adoption. We’re shown metrics of trading volumes and merchant acceptance, and we’re led to believe that these correlate with the short and long-term value in one way or another. While there may be truth in some of these theories, the most basic function of a deflationary asset is overlooked and rarely mentioned — the elephant in the room, so to speak. The best use for a commodity as scarce as Bitcoin is not to spend it or even to trade it but to save it and hold it for as long as you can. By doing so, you limit the number of coins in circulation. The more people that do this, the harder it will be to come by and the higher its price will be. Nothing on Earth is as scarce as Bitcoin. Nothing is as irreplicable, as immutable, and at the same time as portable as Bitcoin — its unique history and resistance to change have already proven this over and over. Its absolute scarcity is what gives Bitcoin its value, and ironically enough, this seems to be the hardest thing for people to understand about it. What if everyone in the network became a HODLer and decided to never sell, wouldn’t the network just slowly come to a halt? Not at all. Everyone has a price. Few would resist selling some of their Bitcoin if it could buy them a small city. There are price levels for each HODLer where reallocating financially may be a wise thing to do. A Bitcoin is also very divisible: The smallest unit, the satoshi, sometimes referred to as a sat, is one-hundred millionth of a Bitcoin. Even smaller units are made possible with the introduction of the Lightning Network, albeit not in the actual Bitcoin blockchain. Together, this enables Bitcoin to be highly saleable even at astronomical price levels.
What not having sound money has done to us is simply unfathomable. Imagine every person on Earth knowing that every transaction they’ll ever make will have a real impact on their future prosperity. We’re so used to inflationary currencies that most people don’t even realize why sound money is important. We’re so used to having a large cut of our income silently taken away from us that we don’t even realize how much of our day we spend working for someone else. Wars are funded by inflation. Imagine how many man-hours were put in by people who didn’t realize they were actually working for a war machine funded by a corrupt currency during World War II. Every time you use a fiat currency, you legitimize counterfeiting. Every time you use Bitcoin, you promote sound money. In fact, every time you don’t use your Bitcoin but save it instead, you promote sound money because sound money increases in value when the total number of coins in circulation is limited. It all sounds a bit magic and far-fetched, doesn’t it? Increased value over time, no matter what happens? Well, that is why many of us so-called Bitcoin Maximalists are so excited that we put our careers at risk for this technology. Once you realize what Bitcoin is and what it will do for the world, there is no way of un-realizing it. It really is mind-blowing.
At the beginning of time-that-actually-is-money — in other words, around 2009 — Bitcoin was mostly considered a toy for the cypherpunk movement. As its price started to grow rapidly, a small group of early investors became very wealthy, which in turn spawned a media hype around the phenomenon. Mainstream media remained largely skeptical, portraying Bitcoin as a pyramid scheme, a tulip craze, or a bubble at best. Most journalists simply couldn’t understand how an asset seemingly created out of thin air could have any long-term relevance. Some were frustrated because they thought that they’d missed the train. Many still do. In a world where companies like Google, Facebook, and Amazon can rise from zero to world dominance in a decade, people tried to find the Next Big Thing — the next Bitcoin. This attracted charlatans and scammers to the field who launched hundreds of altcoins, claiming to someday be technically superior, faster, or more privacy-focused. What the snake-oil salespeople omitted were the crucial facts: their new coins and tokens were not decentralized (and therefore neither immutable nor censorship-resistant), did not have a fair distribution, and so on. What most people still don’t get is that if Bitcoin doesn’t work, nothing will. This is humanity’s best shot at sound money. It is also, very likely, our only shot at it.
Many venture capital firms, hedge funds, and retail investors were bamboozled by the buzzword frenzy and invested great sums in these quack tokens. This generated confusion in the market as many altcoins increased dramatically in price at an even higher rate than Bitcoin. Due to human nature and a lack of understanding of basic monetary economics, the bubble grew bigger and bigger until it inevitably popped and wiped out most of the useless alternative cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin experienced ups and downs as well, but they were less volatile. Bitcoin bottomed at levels well above the beginning of the previous bull run and then resumed rising just as it had done several times before. The victims of the altcoin craze will take note of this. They will learn the hard way what separates the original from the copycat. They will see the undisputable superiority of sound money. It’s just a matter of time. Time, which is money.
Every time the people of Venezuela, Turkey, Argentina, or Zimbabwe are screwed over by their respective central banking authorities and turn to Bitcoin to preserve their savings or income from rampant inflation, the world becomes more aware of Bitcoin as a store of value. In comparison to the Venezuelan Bolivar, there was no crash in Bitcoin at all. There’s also a good chance the really big players will accumulate aggressively during the next bull market, given that Bitcoin, for the moment, still represents a very small allocation of institutional and hedge fund investment. Consider what will happen when institutional investors and a growing number of larger nations start to see Bitcoin’s potentially limitless upside. At this point, central banks will start to accumulate Bitcoin in an attempt to keep up with reality. This will legitimize the technology even further.
It is still unclear when this will all play out. When it does, however, it will be the largest transfer of wealth from one medium to another in human history. Early investors, many of which are technically competent, will become financially independent and, therefore, able to contribute to the ecosystem full-time. More and more people will demand payment in Bitcoin for its ability to store value. Remember that the next block reward halving is just around the corner and that Bitcoin will have an even greater stock-to-flow ratio than gold in just a few years. After the halving in 2020, Bitcoin will have a supply inflation rate of approximately 1.8%, which is lower than the US Federal Reserve’s target 2% price inflation rate. It is important to remember that Bitcoin is still an experiment. Should the experiment work, however, hyperbitcoinization is just a matter of time.
The implications of giving everyone on Earth the ability to rot-proof the fruit of their labor and transport its value through time are hard to overstate. The closest thing we’ve had to it historically is gold, but gold is not very divisible and not very easy for the general public to get their hands on. More importantly, gold is not absolutely scarce. No one knows how much of it there is left buried in the Earth's crust. Investing in real estate has also been seen as a good store of value throughout the ages, but real estate needs a lot of maintenance and is not cheap to hold on to. Real estate is also relatively easy to confiscate in the event of political collapse. Bitcoin provides us with the potential ability to store any amount in our heads and pass it down through generations without anyone ever knowing we had it in the first place. It effectively endows each individual with the power possessed by the feudal kings to turn people into knights. Any bitcoiner can now dub any no-coiner into a fully-fledged time-proof bitcoiner.
About the Bitcoin Infinity Academy
The Bitcoin Infinity Academy is an educational project built around Knut Svanholm’s books about Bitcoin and Austrian Economics. Each week, a whole chapter from one of the books is released for free on Highlighter, accompanied by a video in which Knut and Luke de Wolf discuss that chapter’s ideas. You can join the discussions by signing up for one of the courses on our Geyser page. Signed books, monthly calls, and lots of other benefits are also available.
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-04 16:59:35
fafasdf
asdfasfasf
Places & Transitions
- Places:
-
Bla bla bla: some text
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system.
- logTask: bla bla bla.
petrinet ;startDay () -> working ;stopDay working -> () ;startPause working -> paused ;endPause paused -> working ;goSmoke working -> smoking ;endSmoke smoking -> working ;startEating working -> eating ;stopEating eating -> working ;startCall working -> onCall ;endCall onCall -> working ;startMeeting working -> inMeetinga ;endMeeting inMeeting -> working ;logTask working -> working -
@ fd0bcf8c:521f98c0
2025-05-02 02:02:13
Bitcoin
It stands alone. Immutable. Unyielding. It records without mercy. Each transaction cuts deep. Some carry wealth. Others just data. The debate rages on.
OP_RETURN
It divides us all. Bloat versus freedom. Money versus use. Simple versus complex.
Nodes
They bear heavy weight. Each byte costs something. Storage grows. Bandwidth drains. Money defenders stand guard.
"Our purpose is clear...Money serves one master." —Mises
Not art.
Not storage.
Not games.
The fee-payers
They disagree. "I paid. I belong." The miners take their cut. The highest fee wins. No questions asked. The protocol allows it.
"Accept what exists."—Marcus Aurelius
The chain is neutral. Always neutral.
What is a transaction?
None agree. Value transfer only? Or any valid data? The white paper speaks. "Electronic cash system." Yet code evolved. It grew teeth. It allows more now.
"Shitcoin"
Cuts both ways. A dangerous word. It keeps focus. It maintains unity. But it wounds creation. Makes builders desperate. They force ideas onto Bitcoin. They use OP_RETURN poorly. They bloat what needs no bloating. Seneca saw this coming...
"Fear makes suffering worse."
Innovation needs proper soil. Not forced transplants.
Money debates sharpen knives. Is Bitcoin gold? Is it currency? Mantras echo loudly.
"Digital gold."
_"Spend dollars, saving Bitcoin." _
"Never sell your Bitcoin."
Bitcoin becomes idol. Not tool. Mises would disapprove, "Money must move." Without exchange, it dies. If none spend, why fight bloat?
Rhetoric
It hurts us. "Shitcoin" closes minds. Forces square pegs round. Drives experiments home. To Bitcoin they return. Bearing misshapen plans.
"Knowledge exists in dispersion," Hayek warns.
Let ideas find homes. Let Bitcoin be Bitcoin.
Fees
They bring new problems. Users flee high costs. They seek cheaper chains. The wealthy still play games. They can afford the bloat. The poor cannot compete. The rich inscribe at will. Rothbard saw this trap, "Markets need equal rules."
Fee markets favor wealth. Always have. Always will.
Nodes must still run. Validators must validate. Decentralized. Resistant. Strong. The burden grows heavier. But principles matter most.
The battle
It continues. Hard words. Hard choices.
Bitcoin endures all. Money or platform? Gold or currency? The answers shift. The chain grows. Block by block. Byte by byte.
We need clearer words. Cleaner definitions. Less pride. More thought. Let Bitcoin be what it is. Not what we demand.
Bitcoin is human.
Not magical. Not divine. Fallible like its makers. A young experiment still. It could fail tomorrow.
"Nothing is too big to fail." —Satoshi
Our rhetoric needs maturity. Our definitions need clarity. Bitcoin needs humility. From all who touch the code.
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@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-04 16:49:19
The Bitcoin network is built on a decentralized infrastructure made up of devices called nodes. These nodes play a crucial role in validating, verifying, and maintaining the system, ensuring the security and integrity of the blockchain or timechain. Unlike traditional systems where a central authority controls operations, the Bitcoin network relies on the collaboration of thousands of nodes around the world, promoting decentralization and transparency.
In the Bitcoin network, a node is any computer connected to the system that participates in storing, validating, or distributing information. These devices run Bitcoin software and can operate at different levels of participation, from basic data transmission to full validation of transactions and blocks.
There are two main types of nodes:
- Full Nodes:
01 - Store a complete copy of the blockchain or timechain. 02 - Validate and verify all transactions and blocks according to the protocol rules. 03 - Ensure network security by rejecting invalid transactions or fraudulent attempts.
- Light Nodes:
01 - Store only parts of the blockchain or timechain, not the full structure. 02 - Rely on full nodes to access transaction history data. 03 - Are faster and less resource-intensive but depend on third parties for full validation.
Nodes check whether submitted transactions comply with protocol rules, such as valid digital signatures and the absence of double spending.
Only valid transactions are forwarded to other nodes and included in the next block.
Full nodes maintain an up-to-date copy of the network's entire transaction history, ensuring integrity and transparency. In case of discrepancies, nodes follow the longest and most valid chain, preventing manipulation.
Nodes transmit transaction and block data to other nodes on the network. This process ensures all participants are synchronized and up to date.
Since the Bitcoin network consists of thousands of independent nodes, it is nearly impossible for a single agent to control or alter the system.
Nodes also protect against attacks by validating information and blocking fraudulent attempts.
Full nodes are particularly important, as they act as independent auditors. They do not need to rely on third parties and can verify the entire transaction history directly.
By maintaining a full copy of the blockchain or timechain, these nodes allow anyone to validate transactions without intermediaries, promoting transparency and financial freedom.
- In addition, full nodes:
01 - Reinforce censorship resistance: No government or entity can delete or alter data recorded on the system. 02 - Preserve decentralization: The more full nodes that exist, the stronger and more secure the network becomes. 03 - Increase trust in the system: Users can independently confirm whether the rules are being followed.
Despite their value, operating a full node can be challenging, as it requires storage space, processing power, and bandwidth. As the blockchain or timechain grows, technical requirements increase, which can make participation harder for regular users.
To address this, the community continuously works on solutions, such as software improvements and scalability enhancements, to make network access easier without compromising security.
In summary, nodes are the backbone of the Bitcoin network, performing essential functions in transaction validation, verification, and distribution. They ensure the decentralization and security of the system, allowing participants to operate reliably without relying on intermediaries.
Full nodes, in particular, play a critical role in preserving the integrity of the blockchain or timechain, making the Bitcoin network resistant to censorship and manipulation.
While running a node may require technical resources, its impact on preserving financial freedom and system trust is invaluable. As such, nodes remain essential elements for the success and longevity of Bitcoin.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
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@ 088436cd:9d2646cc
2025-05-01 21:01:55
The arrival of the coronavirus brought not only illness and death but also fear and panic. In such an environment of uncertainty, people have naturally stocked up on necessities, not knowing when things will return to normal.
Retail shelves have been cleared out, and even online suppliers like Amazon and Walmart are out of stock for some items. Independent sellers on these e-commerce platforms have had to fill the gap. With the huge increase in demand, they have found that their inventory has skyrocketed in value.
Many in need of these items (e.g. toilet paper, hand sanitizer and masks) balk at the new prices. They feel they are being taken advantage of in a time of need and call for intervention by the government to lower prices. The government has heeded that call, labeling the independent sellers as "price gougers" and threatening sanctions if they don't lower their prices. Amazon has suspended seller accounts and law enforcement at all levels have threatened to prosecute. Prices have dropped as a result and at first glance this seems like a victory for fair play. But, we will have to dig deeper to understand the unseen consequences of this intervention.
We must look at the economics of the situation, how supply and demand result in a price and how that price acts as a signal that goes out to everyone, informing them of underlying conditions in the economy and helping coordinate their actions.
It all started with a rise in demand. Given a fixed supply (e.g., the limited stock on shelves and in warehouses), an increase in demand inevitably leads to higher prices. Most people are familiar with this phenomenon, such as paying more for airline tickets during holidays or surge pricing for rides.
Higher prices discourage less critical uses of scarce resources. For example, you might not pay $1,000 for a plane ticket to visit your aunt if you can get one for $100 the following week, but someone else might pay that price to visit a dying relative. They value that plane seat more than you.
*** During the crisis, demand surged and their shelves emptied even though
However, retail outlets have not raised prices. They have kept them low, so the low-value uses of things like toilet paper, masks and hand sanitizer has continued. Often, this "use" just takes the form of hoarding. At everyday low prices, it makes sense to buy hundreds of rolls and bottles. You know you will use them eventually, so why not stock up? And, with all those extra supplies in the closet and basement, you don't need to change your behavior much. You don't have to ration your use.
At the low prices, these scarce resources got bought up faster and faster until there was simply none left. The reality of the situation became painfully clear to those who didn't panic and got to the store late: You have no toilet paper and you're not going to any time soon.
However, if prices had been allowed to rise, a number of effects would have taken place that would have coordinated the behavior of everyone so that valuable resources would not have been wasted or hoarded, and everyone could have had access to what they needed.
On the demand side, if prices had been allowed to rise, people would have begun to self-ration. You might leave those extra plies on the roll next time if you know they will cost ten times as much to replace. Or, you might choose to clean up a spill with a rag rather than disposable tissue. Most importantly, you won't hoard as much. That 50th bottle of hand sanitizer might just not be worth it at the new, high price. You'll leave it on the shelf for someone else who may have none.
On the supply side, higher prices would have incentivized people to offer up more of their stockpiles for sale. If you have a pallet full of toilet paper in your basement and all of the sudden they are worth $15 per roll, you might just list a few online. But, if it is illegal to do so, you probably won't.
Imagine you run a business installing insulation and have a few thousand respirator masks on hand for your employees. During a pandemic, it is much more important that people breathe filtered air than that insulation get installed, and that fact is reflected in higher prices. You will sell your extra masks at the higher price rather than store them for future insulation jobs, and the scarce resource will be put to its most important use.
Producers of hand sanitizer would go into overdrive if prices were allowed to rise. They would pay their employees overtime, hire new ones, and pay a premium for their supplies, making sure their raw materials don't go to less important uses.
These kinds of coordinated actions all across the economy would be impossible without real prices to guide them. How do you know if it makes sense to spend an extra $10k bringing a thousand masks to market unless you know you can get more than $10 per mask? If the price is kept artificially low, you simply can't do it. The money just isn't there.
These are the immediate effects of a price change, but incredibly, price changes also coordinate people's actions across space and time.
Across space, there are different supply and demand conditions in different places, and thus prices are not uniform. We know some places are real "hot spots" for the virus, while others are mostly unaffected. High demand in the hot spots leads to higher prices there, which attracts more of the resource to those areas. Boxes and boxes of essential items would pour in where they are needed most from where they are needed least, but only if prices were allowed to adjust freely.
This would be accomplished by individuals and businesses buying low in the unaffected areas, selling high in the hot spots and subtracting their labor and transportation costs from the difference. Producers of new supply would know exactly where it is most needed and ship to the high-demand, high-price areas first. The effect of these actions is to increase prices in the low demand areas and reduce them in the high demand areas. People in the low demand areas will start to self-ration more, reflecting the reality of their neighbors, and people in the hotspots will get some relief.
However, by artificially suppressing prices in the hot spot, people there will simply buy up the available supply and run out, and it will be cost prohibitive to bring in new supply from low-demand areas.
Prices coordinate economic actions across time as well. Just as entrepreneurs and businesses can profit by transporting scarce necessities from low-demand to high-demand areas, they can also profit by buying in low-demand times and storing their merchandise for when it is needed most.
Just as allowing prices to freely adjust in one area relative to another will send all the right signals for the optimal use of a scarce resource, allowing prices to freely adjust over time will do the same.
When an entrepreneur buys up resources during low-demand times in anticipation of a crisis, she restricts supply ahead of the crisis, which leads to a price increase. She effectively bids up the price. The change in price affects consumers and producers in all the ways mentioned above. Consumers self-ration more, and producers bring more of the resource to market.
Our entrepreneur has done a truly incredible thing. She has predicted the future, and by so doing has caused every individual in the economy to prepare for a shortage they don't even know is coming! And, by discouraging consumption and encouraging production ahead of time, she blunts the impact the crisis will have. There will be more of the resource to go around when it is needed most.
On top of this, our entrepreneur still has her stockpile she saved back when everyone else was blithely using it up. She can now further mitigate the damage of the crisis by selling her stock during the worst of it, when people are most desperate for relief. She will know when this is because the price will tell her, but only if it is allowed to adjust freely. When the price is at its highest is when people need the resource the most, and those willing to pay will not waste it or hoard it. They will put it to its highest valued use.
The economy is like a big bus we are all riding in, going down a road with many twists and turns. Just as it is difficult to see into the future, it is difficult to see out the bus windows at the road ahead.
On the dashboard, we don't have a speedometer or fuel gauge. Instead we have all the prices for everything in the economy. Prices are what tell us the condition of the bus and the road. They tell us everything. Without them, we are blind.
Good times are a smooth road. Consumer prices and interest rates are low, investment returns are steady. We hit the gas and go fast. But, the road is not always straight and smooth. Sometimes there are sharp turns and rough patches. Successful entrepreneurs are the ones who can see what is coming better than everyone else. They are our navigators.
When they buy up scarce resources ahead of a crisis, they are hitting the brakes and slowing us down. When they divert resources from one area to another, they are steering us onto a smoother path. By their actions in the market, they adjust the prices on our dashboard to reflect the conditions of the road ahead, so we can prepare for, navigate and get through the inevitable difficulties we will face.
Interfering with the dashboard by imposing price floors or price caps doesn't change the conditions of the road (the number of toilet paper rolls in existence hasn't changed). All it does is distort our perception of those conditions. We think the road is still smooth--our heavy foot stomping the gas--as we crash onto a rocky dirt road at 80 miles per hour (empty shelves at the store for weeks on end).
Supply, demand and prices are laws of nature. All of this is just how things work. It isn't right or wrong in a moral sense. Price caps lead to waste, shortages and hoarding as surely as water flows downhill. The opposite--allowing prices to adjust freely--leads to conservation of scarce resources and their being put to their highest valued use. And yes, it leads to profits for the entrepreneurs who were able to correctly predict future conditions, and losses for those who weren't.
Is it fair that they should collect these profits? On the one hand, anyone could have stocked up on toilet paper, hand sanitizer and face masks at any time before the crisis, so we all had a fair chance to get the supplies cheaply. On the other hand, it just feels wrong that some should profit so much at a time when there is so much need.
Our instinct in the moment is to see the entrepreneur as a villain, greedy "price gouger". But we don't see the long chain of economic consequences the led to the situation we feel is unfair.
If it weren't for anti-price-gouging laws, the major retailers would have raised their prices long before the crisis became acute. When they saw demand outstrip supply, they would have raised prices, not by 100 fold, but gradually and long before anyone knew how serious things would have become. Late comers would have had to pay more, but at least there would be something left on the shelf.
As an entrepreneur, why take risks trying to anticipate the future if you can't reap the reward when you are right? Instead of letting instead of letting entrepreneurs--our navigators--guide us, we are punishing and vilifying them, trying to force prices to reflect a reality that simply doesn't exist.
In a crisis, more than any other time, prices must be allowed to fluctuate. To do otherwise is to blind ourselves at a time when danger and uncertainty abound. It is economic suicide.
In a crisis, there is great need, and the way to meet that need is not by pretending it's not there, by forcing prices to reflect a world where there isn't need. They way to meet the need is the same it has always been, through charity.
If the people in government want to help, the best way for the to do so is to be charitable and reduce their taxes and fees as much as possible, ideally to zero in a time of crisis. Amazon, for example, could instantly reduce the price of all crisis related necessities by 20% if they waived their fee. This would allow for more uses by more people of these scarce supplies as hoarders release their stockpiles on to the market, knowing they can get 20% more for their stock. Governments could reduce or eliminate their tax burden on high-demand, crisis-related items and all the factors that go into their production, with the same effect: a reduction in prices and expansion of supply. All of us, including the successful entrepreneurs and the wealthy for whom high prices are not a great burden, could donate to relief efforts.
These ideas are not new or untested. This is core micro economics. It has been taught for hundreds of years in universities the world over. The fact that every crisis that comes along stirs up ire against entrepreneurs indicates not that the economics is wrong, but that we have a strong visceral reaction against what we perceive to be unfairness. This is as it should be. Unfairness is wrong and the anger it stirs in us should compel us to right the wrong. Our anger itself isn't wrong, it's just misplaced.
Entrepreneurs didn't cause the prices to rise. Our reaction to a virus did that. We saw a serious threat and an uncertain future and followed our natural impulse to hoard. Because prices at major retail suppliers didn't rise, that impulse ran rampant and we cleared the shelves until there was nothing left. We ran the bus right off the road and them blamed the entrepreneurs for showing us the reality of our situation, for shaking us out of the fantasy of low prices.
All of this is not to say that entrepreneurs are high-minded public servants. They are just doing their job. Staking your money on an uncertain future is a risky business. There are big risks and big rewards. Most entrepreneurs just scrape by or lose their capital in failed ventures.
However, the ones that get it right must be allowed to keep their profits, or else no one will try and we'll all be driving blind. We need our navigators. It doesn't even matter if they know all the positive effects they are having on the rest of us and the economy as a whole. So long as they are buying low and selling high--so long as they are doing their job--they will be guiding the rest of us through the good times and the bad, down the open road and through the rough spots.
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@ efc19139:a370b6a8
2025-05-04 16:42:24
Bitcoin has a controversial reputation, but in this essay, I argue that Bitcoin is actually a pretty cool thing; it could even be described as the hippie movement of the digital generations.
Mainstream media often portrays Bitcoin purely as speculation, with headlines focusing on price fluctuations or painting it as an environmental disaster. It has frequently been declared dead and buried, only to rise again—each time, it's labeled as highly risky and suspicious as a whole. Then there are those who find blockchain fascinating in general but dismiss Bitcoin as outdated, claiming it will soon be replaced by a new cryptocurrency (often one controlled by the very author making the argument). Let’s take a moment to consider why Bitcoin is interesting and how it can drive broad societal change, much like the hippie movement once did. Bitcoin is a global decentralized monetary system operating on a peer-to-peer network. Since nearly all of humanity lives within an economic system based on money, it’s easy to see how an overhaul of the financial system could have a profound impact across different aspects of society. Bitcoin differs from traditional money through several unique characteristics: it is scarce, neutral, decentralized, and completely permissionless. There is no central entity—such as a company—that develops and markets Bitcoin, meaning it cannot be corrupted.
Bitcoin is an open digital network, much like the internet. Due to its lack of a central governing entity and its organic origin, Bitcoin can be considered a commodity, whereas other cryptocurrencies resemble securities, comparable to stocks. Bitcoin’s decentralized nature makes it geopolitically neutral. Instead of being controlled by a central authority, it operates under predefined, unchangeable rules. No single entity in the world has the ability to arbitrarily influence decision-making within the Bitcoin network. This characteristic is particularly beneficial in today’s political climate, where global uncertainty is heightened by unpredictable leaders of major powers. The permissionless nature of Bitcoin and its built-in resistance to censorship are crucial for individuals living under unstable conditions. Bitcoin is used to raise funds for politically persecuted activists and for charitable purposes in regions where financial systems have been weaponized against political opponents or used to restrict people's ability to flee a country. These are factors that may not immediately come to mind in Western nations, where such challenges are not commonly faced. Additionally, according to the World Bank, an estimated 1.5 billion people worldwide still lack access to any form of banking services.
Mining is the only way to ensure that no one can seize control of the Bitcoin network or gain a privileged position within it. This keeps Bitcoin neutral as a protocol, meaning a set of rules without leaders. It is not governed in the same way a company is, where ownership of shares dictates control. Miners earn the right to record transactions in Bitcoin’s ledger by continuously proving that they have performed work to obtain that right. This proof-of-work algorithm is also one reason why Bitcoin has spread so organically. If recording new transactions were free, we would face a problem similar to spam: there would be an endless number of competing transactions, making it impossible to reach consensus on which should officially become part of the decentralized ledger. Mining can be seen as an auction for adding the next set of transactions, where the price is the amount of energy expended. Using energy for this purpose is the only way to ensure that mining remains globally decentralized while keeping the system open and permissionless—free from human interference. Bitcoin’s initial distribution was driven by random tech enthusiasts around the world who mined it as a hobby, using student electricity from their bedrooms. This is why Bitcoin’s spread can be considered organic, in contrast to a scenario where it was created by a precisely organized inner circle that typically would have granted itself advantages before the launch.
If energy consumption is considered concerning, the best regulatory approach would be to create optimal conditions for mining in Finland, where over half of energy production already comes from renewable sources. Modern miners are essentially datacenters, but they have a unique characteristic: they can adjust their electricity consumption seamlessly and instantly without delay. This creates synergy with renewable energy production, which often experiences fluctuations in supply. The demand flexibility offered by miners provides strong incentives to invest increasingly in renewable energy facilities. Miners can commit to long-term projects as last-resort consumers, making investments in renewables more predictable and profitable. Additionally, like other datacenters, miners produce heat as a byproduct. As a thought experiment, they could also be considered heating plants, with a secondary function of securing the Bitcoin network. In Finland, heat is naturally needed year-round. This combination of grid balancing and waste heat recovery would be key to Europe's energy self-sufficiency. Wouldn't it be great if the need to bow to fossil fuel powers for energy could be eliminated? Unfortunately, the current government has demonstrated a lack of understanding of these positive externalities by proposing tax increases on electricity. The so-called fiat monetary system also deserves criticism in Western nations, even though its flaws are not as immediately obvious as elsewhere. It is the current financial system in which certain privileged entities control the issuance of money as if by divine decree, which is what the term fiat (command) refers to. The system subtly creates and maintains inequality.
The Cantillon effect is an economic phenomenon in which entities closer to newly created money benefit at the expense of those farther away. Access to the money creation process is determined by credit ratings and loan terms, as fiat money is always debt. The Cantillon effect is a distorted version of the trickle-down theory, where the loss of purchasing power in a common currency gradually moves downward. Due to inflation, hard assets such as real estate, precious metals, and stocks become more expensive, just as food prices rise in stores. This process further enriches the wealthy while deepening poverty. The entire wealth of lower-income individuals is often held in cash or savings, which are eroded by inflation much like a borrowed bottle of Leijona liquor left out too long. Inflation is usually attributed to a specific crisis, but over the long term (spanning decades), monetary inflation—the expansion of the money supply—plays a significant role. Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman, known for his work on currencies, describes inflation in his book The Accidental Theorist as follows, loosely quoted: "It is really, really difficult to cut nominal wages. Even with low inflation, making labor cheaper would require a large portion of workers to accept wage cuts. Therefore, higher inflation leads to higher employment." Since no one wants to voluntarily give up their salary in nominal terms, the value of wages must be lowered in real terms by weakening the currency in which they are paid. Inflation effectively cuts wages—or, in other words, makes labor cheaper. This is one of the primary reasons why inflation is often said to have a "stimulating" effect on the economy.
It does seem somewhat unfair that employees effectively subsidize their employers’ labor costs to facilitate new hires, doesn’t it? Not to mention the inequities faced by the Global South in the form of neocolonialism, where Cantillon advantages are weaponized through reserve currencies like the US dollar or the French franc. This follows the exact same pattern, just on a larger scale. The Human Rights Foundation (hrf.org) has explored the interconnection between the fiat monetary system and neocolonialism in its publications, advocating for Bitcoin as part of the solution. Inflation can also be criticized from an environmental perspective. Since it raises time preference, it encourages people to make purchases sooner rather than delay them. As Krugman put it in the same book, “Extra money burns in your pocket.” Inflation thus drives consumption while reducing deliberation—it’s the fuel of the economy. If the goal from an environmental standpoint is to moderate economic activity, the first step should be to stop adding fuel to the fire. The impact of inflation on intergenerational inequality and the economic uncertainty faced by younger generations is rarely discussed. Boomers have benefited from the positive effects of the trend sparked by the Nixon shock in 1971, such as wealth accumulation in real estate and inflation-driven economic booms. Zoomers, meanwhile, are left to either fix the problems of the current system or find themselves searching for a lifeboat.
Bitcoin emerged as part of a long developmental continuum within the discussion forums of rebellious programmers known as cypherpunks, or encryption activists. It is an integral part of internet history and specifically a counterculture movement. Around Bitcoin, grassroots activists and self-organized communities still thrive, fostering an atmosphere that is welcoming, inspiring, and—above all—hopeful, which feels rare in today’s world. Although the rush of suits and traditional financial giants into Bitcoin through ETF funds a year ago may have painted it as opportunistic and dull in the headlines, delving into its history and culture reveals ever-fascinating angles and new layers within the Bitcoin sphere. Yet, at its core, Bitcoin is simply money. It possesses all seven characteristics required to meet the definition of money: it is easily divisible, transferable, recognizable, durable, fungible, uniform, and straightforward to receive. It serves as a foundation on which coders, startup enthusiasts, politicians, financial executives, activists, and anarchists alike can build. The only truly common denominator among the broad spectrum of Bitcoin users is curiosity—openness to new ideas. It merely requires the ability to recognize potential in an alternative system and a willingness to embrace fundamental change. Bitcoin itself is the most inclusive system in the world, as it is literally impossible to marginalize or exclude its users. It is a tool for peaceful and voluntary collaboration, designed so that violence and manipulation are rendered impossible in its code.
Pretty punk in the middle of an era of polarization and division, wouldn’t you say?
The original author (not me) is the organizer of the Bitcoin conference held in Helsinki, as well as a founding member and vice chairman of the Finnish Bitcoin Association. More information about the event can be found at: https://btchel.com and https://njump.me/nprofile1qqs89v5v46jcd8uzv3f7dudsvpt8ntdm3927eqypyjy37yx5l6a30fcknw5z5 ps. Zaps and sats will be forwarded to author!
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/971219
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@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-04 16:36:21
Bitcoin mining is a crucial process for the operation and security of the network. It plays an important role in validating transactions and generating new bitcoins, ensuring the integrity of the blockchain or timechain-based system. This process involves solving complex mathematical calculations and requires significant computational power. Additionally, mining has economic, environmental, and technological effects that must be carefully analyzed.
Bitcoin mining is the procedure through which new units of the currency are created and added to the network. It is also responsible for verifying and recording transactions on the blockchain or timechain. This system was designed to be decentralized, eliminating the need for a central authority to control issuance or validate operations.
Participants in the process, called miners, compete to solve difficult mathematical problems. Whoever finds the solution first earns the right to add a new block to the blockchain or timechain and receives a reward in bitcoins, along with the transaction fees included in that block. This mechanism is known as Proof of Work (PoW).
The mining process is highly technical and follows a series of steps:
Transaction grouping: Transactions sent by users are collected into a pending block that awaits validation.
Solving mathematical problems: Miners must find a specific number, called a nonce, which, when combined with the block’s data, generates a cryptographic hash that meets certain required conditions. This process involves trial and error and consumes a great deal of computational power.
Block validation: When a miner finds the correct solution, the block is validated and added to the blockchain or timechain. All network nodes verify the block’s authenticity before accepting it.
Reward: The winning miner receives a bitcoin reward, in addition to the fees paid for the transactions included in the block. This reward decreases over time in an event called halving, which happens approximately every four years.
Bitcoin mining has a significant economic impact, as it creates income opportunities for individuals and companies. It also drives the development of new technologies such as specialized processors (ASICs) and modern cooling systems.
Moreover, mining supports financial inclusion by maintaining a decentralized network, enabling fast and secure global transactions. In regions with unstable economies, Bitcoin provides a viable alternative for value preservation and financial transfers.
Despite its economic benefits, Bitcoin mining is often criticized for its environmental impact. The proof-of-work process consumes large amounts of electricity, especially in areas where the energy grid relies on fossil fuels.
It’s estimated that Bitcoin mining uses as much energy as some entire countries, raising concerns about its sustainability. However, there are ongoing efforts to reduce these impacts, such as the increasing use of renewable energy sources and the exploration of alternative systems like Proof of Stake (PoS) in other decentralized networks.
Mining also faces challenges related to scalability and the concentration of computational power. Large companies and mining pools dominate the sector, which can affect the network’s decentralization.
Another challenge is the growing complexity of the mathematical problems, which requires more advanced hardware and consumes more energy over time. To address these issues, researchers are studying solutions that optimize resource use and keep the network sustainable in the long term.
In summary, Bitcoin mining is an essential process for maintaining the network and creating new units of the currency. It ensures security, transparency, and decentralization, supporting the operation of the blockchain or timechain.
However, mining also brings challenges such as high energy consumption and the concentration of resources in large pools. Even so, the pursuit of sustainable solutions and technological innovations points to a promising future, where Bitcoin continues to play a central role in the digital economy.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
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@ c1e9ab3a:9cb56b43
2025-05-01 17:29:18
High-Level Overview
Bitcoin developers are currently debating a proposed change to how Bitcoin Core handles the
OP_RETURNopcode — a mechanism that allows users to insert small amounts of data into the blockchain. Specifically, the controversy revolves around removing built-in filters that limit how much data can be stored using this feature (currently capped at 80 bytes).Summary of Both Sides
Position A: Remove OP_RETURN Filters
Advocates: nostr:npub1ej493cmun8y9h3082spg5uvt63jgtewneve526g7e2urca2afrxqm3ndrm, nostr:npub12rv5lskctqxxs2c8rf2zlzc7xx3qpvzs3w4etgemauy9thegr43sf485vg, nostr:npub17u5dneh8qjp43ecfxr6u5e9sjamsmxyuekrg2nlxrrk6nj9rsyrqywt4tp, others
Arguments: - Ineffectiveness of filters: Filters are easily bypassed and do not stop spam effectively. - Code simplification: Removing arbitrary limits reduces code complexity. - Permissionless innovation: Enables new use cases like cross-chain bridges and timestamping without protocol-level barriers. - Economic regulation: Fees should determine what data gets added to the blockchain, not protocol rules.
Position B: Keep OP_RETURN Filters
Advocates: nostr:npub1lh273a4wpkup00stw8dzqjvvrqrfdrv2v3v4t8pynuezlfe5vjnsnaa9nk, nostr:npub1s33sw6y2p8kpz2t8avz5feu2n6yvfr6swykrnm2frletd7spnt5qew252p, nostr:npub1wnlu28xrq9gv77dkevck6ws4euej4v568rlvn66gf2c428tdrptqq3n3wr, others
Arguments: - Historical intent: Satoshi included filters to keep Bitcoin focused on monetary transactions. - Resource protection: Helps prevent blockchain bloat and abuse from non-financial uses. - Network preservation: Protects the network from being overwhelmed by low-value or malicious data. - Social governance: Maintains conservative changes to ensure long-term robustness.
Strengths and Weaknesses
Strengths of Removing Filters
- Encourages decentralized innovation.
- Simplifies development and maintenance.
- Maintains ideological purity of a permissionless system.
Weaknesses of Removing Filters
- Opens the door to increased non-financial data and potential spam.
- May dilute Bitcoin’s core purpose as sound money.
- Risks short-term exploitation before economic filters adapt.
Strengths of Keeping Filters
- Preserves Bitcoin’s identity and original purpose.
- Provides a simple protective mechanism against abuse.
- Aligns with conservative development philosophy of Bitcoin Core.
Weaknesses of Keeping Filters
- Encourages central decision-making on allowed use cases.
- Leads to workarounds that may be less efficient or obscure.
- Discourages novel but legitimate applications.
Long-Term Consequences
If Filters Are Removed
- Positive: Potential boom in new applications, better interoperability, cleaner architecture.
- Negative: Risk of increased blockchain size, more bandwidth/storage costs, spam wars.
If Filters Are Retained
- Positive: Preserves monetary focus and operational discipline.
- Negative: Alienates developers seeking broader use cases, may ossify the protocol.
Conclusion
The debate highlights a core philosophical split in Bitcoin: whether it should remain a narrow monetary system or evolve into a broader data layer for decentralized applications. Both paths carry risks and tradeoffs. The outcome will shape not just Bitcoin's technical direction but its social contract and future role in the broader crypto ecosystem.
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@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-01 12:31:09
𝗦𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗲: 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗨𝗻𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗮𝗹 𝗟𝗮𝘄𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘄𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘀𝗺𝘀, 𝗖𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗻𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗯𝘆 𝗚𝗲𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗿𝗲𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝘀𝘁
This book is a wonderfully cross-disciplinary exercise in fractal discovery and insight onto our world - initially the result of the author's pondering his own mortality which led to a study of longevity across organisms, and then expanded to social structures like cities and companies.
In the book, “scale" itself, conceptually, is defined as "how systems respond to changes in size." Does doubling an animal's dimensions increase its relative strength? Does doubling a city's size double it's relative rate of crime? These 2 questions introduce the key distinctions between sublinear scaling (the larger the thing, the relatively less of some characteristic it has) and superlinear scaling (the larger the thing, the relatively more of some characteristic it has), respectively.
Organisms, we discover, scale sublinearally - larger animals are more efficient requiring less energy per unit of weight, but similarly they become, relatively structurally weaker as size increases - this is why Godzilla cannot exist, he would collapse under his own weight! Further, biological metabolic rates scale sublinearlly to size, so as the organism grows, energy demands of cellular maintenance outstrips supply leading to cessation of growth and eventual death (we also find companies face a similar fate, with "costs" replacing cellular maintenance).
Cities, however, are more interesting. In terms of infrastructure they scale like organisms (sublinearlly), but in terms of emergent human outputs, they scale superlinearlly - the larger the city, the relatively more patents, companies, GDP, crime, and disease it will host. For cities, superlinear scaling of those emergent human properties, or "social metabolism" results in the creation of social capital increasingly outpacing the demands of maintenance (those being largely infrastructural) suggesting accelerating, unbounded, open-ended growth.
With regard to growth, superlinearity results in exponential growth, which the author approaches as a terrifying and dark mathematical horror. He illustrates this with what I found to be the book's most illuminating vignette…
SCENARIO: It is 11:00. A petri dish 🧫 contains a single bacteria🦠 cell. This bacteria will double every minute. The petri dish will be completely full in 1 hour. At what time is the petri dish 🧫 50% full?
If you said anything other than 11:59, you've missed the key implication of exponential growth. Exponential growth is slowly, then all at once. But let’s double down on this to really underscore that point - at what time does the petri dish in the aforementioned scenarios become just 1% full? The answer is somewhere between 11:53 and 11:54. Reflect on that.
What might this kind of acceleration in growth mean for technological advancement? For human population and biosphere carrying capacity? For resource consumption? And for how all of these things interrelate and impact each other? Quite thankfully, the book rejects Malthusianism. While still raising legitimate questions about the math of an exponentially expanding Earthbound civilization's sustainability, the author rightfully points to the imperative to harness nuclear and solar energy at-scale as our best hopes to sustain requirements both continuous population and technological acceleration.
Finally, the examination of exponentiality brings us to the deepest conundrum identified in the book - the finite time singularity - where unbounded growth cannot sustain without either (1) infinite energy or (2) paradigm shift "reset" that temporarily staves off system collapse. But wait! There's more! The mathematics of superlinearity suggest that, in absence of infinite energy, the chain of paradigm shift resets are themselves required to happen at an ever faster and faster pace, or at shorter and shorter intervals.
So, if we are confined to Earth's closed system, the need for continuous and unending paradigm shift innovations at ever-shorter intervals eventually manifests a meta-finite time singularity, the essential singularity which is perhaps, inescapable. The core insight to be extrapolated here is that if we are to overcome the singularity trap, we must drive real, constant step-function innovation and that this innovation must, almost necessarily, allow us to progressively harness orders of magnitude more energy than today - think Dyson Spheres, interstellar / intergalactic travel, quasar bitcoin mining, and so on.
CONCLUSION: Dense yet whimsical, lengthy yet very fun. Questing and questioning cover to cover. Great for anyone interested in inter-disciplinarianism and fractal thinking (the long practice of which I find lends to heightened levels of predictive intuition) (4.5/5☢️)
https://www.amazon.com/Scale-Universal-Growth-Organisms-Companies/dp/014311090X
Bitcoin #Plebchain #Coffeechain #Books #Bookstr #Nostr #NostrLove #GrowNostr #Writestr #Createstr
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@ 8cda1daa:e9e5bdd8
2025-04-24 10:20:13
Bitcoin cracked the code for money. Now it's time to rebuild everything else.
What about identity, trust, and collaboration? What about the systems that define how we live, create, and connect?
Bitcoin gave us a blueprint to separate money from the state. But the state still owns most of your digital life. It's time for something more radical.
Welcome to the Atomic Economy - not just a technology stack, but a civil engineering project for the digital age. A complete re-architecture of society, from the individual outward.
The Problem: We Live in Digital Captivity
Let's be blunt: the modern internet is hostile to human freedom.
You don't own your identity. You don't control your data. You don't decide what you see.
Big Tech and state institutions dominate your digital life with one goal: control.
- Poisoned algorithms dictate your emotions and behavior.
- Censorship hides truth and silences dissent.
- Walled gardens lock you into systems you can't escape.
- Extractive platforms monetize your attention and creativity - without your consent.
This isn't innovation. It's digital colonization.
A Vision for Sovereign Society
The Atomic Economy proposes a new design for society - one where: - Individuals own their identity, data, and value. - Trust is contextual, not imposed. - Communities are voluntary, not manufactured by feeds. - Markets are free, not fenced. - Collaboration is peer-to-peer, not platform-mediated.
It's not a political revolution. It's a technological and social reset based on first principles: self-sovereignty, mutualism, and credible exit.
So, What Is the Atomic Economy?
The Atomic Economy is a decentralized digital society where people - not platforms - coordinate identity, trust, and value.
It's built on open protocols, real software, and the ethos of Bitcoin. It's not about abstraction - it's about architecture.
Core Principles: - Self-Sovereignty: Your keys. Your data. Your rules. - Mutual Consensus: Interactions are voluntary and trust-based. - Credible Exit: Leave any system, with your data and identity intact. - Programmable Trust: Trust is explicit, contextual, and revocable. - Circular Economies: Value flows directly between individuals - no middlemen.
The Tech Stack Behind the Vision
The Atomic Economy isn't just theory. It's a layered system with real tools:
1. Payments & Settlement
- Bitcoin & Lightning: The foundation - sound, censorship-resistant money.
- Paykit: Modular payments and settlement flows.
- Atomicity: A peer-to-peer mutual credit protocol for programmable trust and IOUs.
2. Discovery & Matching
- Pubky Core: Decentralized identity and discovery using PKARR and the DHT.
- Pubky Nexus: Indexing for a user-controlled internet.
- Semantic Social Graph: Discovery through social tagging - you are the algorithm.
3. Application Layer
- Bitkit: A self-custodial Bitcoin and Lightning wallet.
- Pubky App: Tag, publish, trade, and interact - on your terms.
- Blocktank: Liquidity services for Lightning and circular economies.
- Pubky Ring: Key-based access control and identity syncing.
These tools don't just integrate - they stack. You build trust, exchange value, and form communities with no centralized gatekeepers.
The Human Impact
This isn't about software. It's about freedom.
- Empowered Individuals: Control your own narrative, value, and destiny.
- Voluntary Communities: Build trust on shared values, not enforced norms.
- Economic Freedom: Trade without permission, borders, or middlemen.
- Creative Renaissance: Innovation and art flourish in open, censorship-resistant systems.
The Atomic Economy doesn't just fix the web. It frees the web.
Why Bitcoiners Should Care
If you believe in Bitcoin, you already believe in the Atomic Economy - you just haven't seen the full map yet.
- It extends Bitcoin's principles beyond money: into identity, trust, coordination.
- It defends freedom where Bitcoin leaves off: in content, community, and commerce.
- It offers a credible exit from every centralized system you still rely on.
- It's how we win - not just economically, but culturally and socially.
This isn't "web3." This isn't another layer of grift. It's the Bitcoin future - fully realized.
Join the Atomic Revolution
- If you're a builder: fork the code, remix the ideas, expand the protocols.
- If you're a user: adopt Bitkit, use Pubky, exit the digital plantation.
- If you're an advocate: share the vision. Help people imagine a free society again.
Bitcoin promised a revolution. The Atomic Economy delivers it.
Let's reclaim society, one key at a time.
Learn more and build with us at Synonym.to.
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@ 700c6cbf:a92816fd
2025-05-04 16:34:01
Technically speaking, I should say blooms because not all of my pictures are of flowers, a lot of them, probably most, are blooming trees - but who cares, right?
It is that time of the year that every timeline on every social media is being flooded by blooms. At least in the Northern Hemisphere. I thought that this year, I wouldn't partake in it but - here I am, I just can't resist the lure of blooms when I'm out walking the neighborhood.
Spring has sprung - aaaachoo, sorry, allergies suck! - and the blooms are beautiful.
Yesterday, we had the warmest day of the year to-date. I went for an early morning walk before breakfast. Beautiful blue skies, no clouds, sunshine and a breeze. Most people turned on their aircons. We did not. We are rebels - hah!
We also had breakfast on the deck which I really enjoy during the weekend. Later I had my first session of the year painting on the deck while listening/watching @thegrinder streaming. Good times.
Today, the weather changed. Last night, we had heavy thunderstorms and rain. This morning, it is overcast with the occasional sunray peaking through or, as it is right now, raindrops falling.
We'll see what the day will bring. For me, it will definitely be: Back to painting. Maybe I'll even share some here later. But for now - this is a photo post, and here are the photos. I hope you enjoy as much as I enjoyed yesterday's walk!
Cheers, OceanBee
!(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/cc3fb0fa757c88a6a89823585badf7d67e32dee72b6d4de5dff58acd06d0aa36.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/7fe93c27c3bf858202185cb7f42b294b152013ba3c859544950e6c1932ede4d3.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/6cbd9fba435dbe3e6732d9a5d1f5ff0403935a4ac9d0d83f6e1d729985220e87.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/df94d95381f058860392737d71c62cd9689c45b2ace1c8fc29d108625aabf5d5.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/e483e65c3ee451977277e0cfa891ec6b93b39c7c4ea843329db7354fba255e64.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/a98fe8e1e0577e3f8218af31f2499c3390ba04dced14c2ae13f7d7435b4000d7.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/d83b01915a23eb95c3d12c644713ac47233ce6e022c5df1eeba5ff8952b99d67.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/9ee3256882e363680d8ea9bb6ed3baa5979c950cdb6e62b9850a4baea46721f3.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/201a036d52f37390d11b76101862a082febb869c8d0e58d6aafe93c72919f578.jpg] !(image)[https://cdn.satellite.earth/cd516d89591a4cf474689b4eb6a67db842991c4bf5987c219fb9083f741ce871.jpg]
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@ 90c656ff:9383fd4e
2025-05-04 16:24:21
Blockchain or timechain is a new technology that has changed the way data and transactions are recorded and stored. Its decentralized and highly secure structure provides transparency and trust, making it a widely used system for digital operations. This technology is essential for creating financial systems and digital records that cannot be altered.
What is blockchain or timechain? Blockchain or timechain is essentially a distributed digital ledger designed to record transactions in a sequential and unchangeable manner. It is made up of blocks linked in a chain, each containing a set of information such as transactions, timestamps, and a unique identifier called a hash.
These blocks are organized in chronological order, ensuring the integrity of records over time. The term timechain, used synonymously, emphasizes this temporal aspect of the system, where each block is linked to the previous one, forming a chain of events that cannot be tampered with.
The validation of blocks in blockchain or timechain is carried out through a process called mining. Network participants, known as miners, use powerful computers to solve complex mathematical problems. This process, known as proof of work, is necessary to validate transactions and add a new block to the chain.
Each block contains:
Verified Transactions – A set of operations approved by the network.
Previous Block Hash – A unique code that connects the new block to the previous one, ensuring continuity and security.
Nonce – A number used in the mining process to generate the block's hash.
Once a block is validated, it is permanently added to the blockchain or timechain, and all nodes (participating computers) in the network update their copies of this ledger.
One of the main benefits of blockchain or timechain is the security provided by its decentralized model. Unlike traditional systems that rely on central servers, it distributes its data across thousands of computers around the world.
Immutability is guaranteed by cryptographic techniques and the chained structure of blocks. Any attempt to alter a block would require modifying all subsequent blocks, which is virtually impossible due to the massive computational power required.
Additionally, the use of cryptographic algorithms makes the system resistant to fraud and manipulation. This model enables trust, even in environments without intermediaries or central authorities.
Blockchain or timechain is transparent, as anyone can access the full history of transactions recorded on the network. This creates a system that is auditable and reliable.
However, the privacy of participants is protected, since transactions are recorded through anonymous digital addresses without revealing personal identities. This balance between transparency and privacy makes the system secure and flexible.
The use of blockchain or timechain goes beyond financial transactions. It is useful in areas such as smart contracts, asset registration, supply chains, and online voting. Its ability to create permanent and verifiable records enables innovative solutions across various industries.
For example, in product tracking systems, blockchain or timechain ensures data authenticity by recording each stage of the production and distribution process. This reduces fraud and increases operational efficiency.
Advantages and Challenges Among the main advantages of blockchain or timechain, we can highlight:
Decentralization – Elimination of intermediaries, reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
Security – Protection against fraud and digital attacks.
Transparency – Public and verifiable record of all transactions.
Immutability – Assurance that data cannot be modified after being recorded.
However, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as scalability, as the continuous growth of the network may require greater storage and processing capacity. Additionally, regulatory issues and widespread adoption demand ongoing improvements.
In summary, blockchain or timechain is an innovative technology that changes the way data and transactions are stored, ensuring security, transparency, and efficiency. Its decentralization removes the dependency on intermediaries, making it a trustworthy and tamper-resistant system.
Despite technical and regulatory challenges, blockchain or timechain continues to evolve, demonstrating its potential in various areas beyond the financial sector. Its promise of transparency and immutability is already shaping the future of digital systems, establishing itself as a fundamental base for the modern economy and digital trust.
Thank you very much for reading this far. I hope everything is well with you, and sending a big hug from your favorite Bitcoiner maximalist from Madeira. Long live freedom!
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@ c4b5369a:b812dbd6
2025-04-15 07:26:16
Offline transactions with Cashu
Over the past few weeks, I've been busy implementing offline capabilities into nutstash. I think this is one of the key value propositions of ecash, beinga a bearer instrument that can be used without internet access.
It does however come with limitations, which can lead to a bit of confusion. I hope this article will clear some of these questions up for you!What is ecash/Cashu?
Ecash is the first cryptocurrency ever invented. It was created by David Chaum in 1983. It uses a blind signature scheme, which allows users to prove ownership of a token without revealing a link to its origin. These tokens are what we call ecash. They are bearer instruments, meaning that anyone who possesses a copy of them, is considered the owner.
Cashu is an implementation of ecash, built to tightly interact with Bitcoin, more specifically the Bitcoin lightning network. In the Cashu ecosystem,
Mintsare the gateway to the lightning network. They provide the infrastructure to access the lightning network, pay invoices and receive payments. Instead of relying on a traditional ledger scheme like other custodians do, the mint issues ecash tokens, to represent the value held by the users.How do normal Cashu transactions work?
A Cashu transaction happens when the sender gives a copy of his ecash token to the receiver. This can happen by any means imaginable. You could send the token through email, messenger, or even by pidgeon. One of the common ways to transfer ecash is via QR code.
The transaction is however not finalized just yet! In order to make sure the sender cannot double-spend their copy of the token, the receiver must do what we call a
swap. A swap is essentially exchanging an ecash token for a new one at the mint, invalidating the old token in the process. This ensures that the sender can no longer use the same token to spend elsewhere, and the value has been transferred to the receiver.
What about offline transactions?
Sending offline
Sending offline is very simple. The ecash tokens are stored on your device. Thus, no internet connection is required to access them. You can litteraly just take them, and give them to someone. The most convenient way is usually through a local transmission protocol, like NFC, QR code, Bluetooth, etc.
The one thing to consider when sending offline is that ecash tokens come in form of "coins" or "notes". The technical term we use in Cashu is
Proof. It "proofs" to the mint that you own a certain amount of value. Since these proofs have a fixed value attached to them, much like UTXOs in Bitcoin do, you would need proofs with a value that matches what you want to send. You can mix and match multiple proofs together to create a token that matches the amount you want to send. But, if you don't have proofs that match the amount, you would need to go online and swap for the needed proofs at the mint.Another limitation is, that you cannot create custom proofs offline. For example, if you would want to lock the ecash to a certain pubkey, or add a timelock to the proof, you would need to go online and create a new custom proof at the mint.
Receiving offline
You might think: well, if I trust the sender, I don't need to be swapping the token right away!
You're absolutely correct. If you trust the sender, you can simply accept their ecash token without needing to swap it immediately.
This is already really useful, since it gives you a way to receive a payment from a friend or close aquaintance without having to worry about connectivity. It's almost just like physical cash!
It does however not work if the sender is untrusted. We have to use a different scheme to be able to receive payments from someone we don't trust.
Receiving offline from an untrusted sender
To be able to receive payments from an untrusted sender, we need the sender to create a custom proof for us. As we've seen before, this requires the sender to go online.
The sender needs to create a token that has the following properties, so that the receciver can verify it offline:
- It must be locked to ONLY the receiver's public key
- It must include an
offline signature proof(DLEQ proof) - If it contains a timelock & refund clause, it must be set to a time in the future that is acceptable for the receiver
- It cannot contain duplicate proofs (double-spend)
- It cannot contain proofs that the receiver has already received before (double-spend)
If all of these conditions are met, then the receiver can verify the proof offline and accept the payment. This allows us to receive payments from anyone, even if we don't trust them.
At first glance, this scheme seems kinda useless. It requires the sender to go online, which defeats the purpose of having an offline payment system.
I beleive there are a couple of ways this scheme might be useful nonetheless:
-
Offline vending machines: Imagine you have an offline vending machine that accepts payments from anyone. The vending machine could use this scheme to verify payments without needing to go online itself. We can assume that the sender is able to go online and create a valid token, but the receiver doesn't need to be online to verify it.
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Offline marketplaces: Imagine you have an offline marketplace where buyers and sellers can trade goods and services. Before going to the marketplace the sender already knows where he will be spending the money. The sender could create a valid token before going to the marketplace, using the merchants public key as a lock, and adding a refund clause to redeem any unspent ecash after it expires. In this case, neither the sender nor the receiver needs to go online to complete the transaction.
How to use this
Pretty much all cashu wallets allow you to send tokens offline. This is because all that the wallet needs to do is to look if it can create the desired amount from the proofs stored locally. If yes, it will automatically create the token offline.
Receiving offline tokens is currently only supported by nutstash (experimental).
To create an offline receivable token, the sender needs to lock it to the receiver's public key. Currently there is no refund clause! So be careful that you don't get accidentally locked out of your funds!
The receiver can then inspect the token and decide if it is safe to accept without a swap. If all checks are green, they can accept the token offline without trusting the sender.
The receiver will see the unswapped tokens on the wallet homescreen. They will need to manually swap them later when they are online again.
Later when the receiver is online again, they can swap the token for a fresh one.
Summary
We learned that offline transactions are possible with ecash, but there are some limitations. It either requires trusting the sender, or relying on either the sender or receiver to be online to verify the tokens, or create tokens that can be verified offline by the receiver.
I hope this short article was helpful in understanding how ecash works and its potential for offline transactions.
Cheers,
Gandlaf
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@ fd0bcf8c:521f98c0
2025-05-01 11:29:57
Collapse.
It's a slow burn.
The LA Fires started decades ago.
Hemingway said, when asked how he went broke:
"Slowly, then all at once."
That’s how collapse happens. Slowly, then suddenly.
Campfire
Ever build one?
You gather wood. Stack the foundation. Set the fuel. Light it up.
If it catches, keep going. Got to stoke it. Feed it. Watch it. In time, the fire's good.
Process It takes time.
Time to gather, build and ignite.
People come at the end. When the flame's dancing.
Like Sunday dinner.
People gather when food's ready. But, only the cook was in the kitchen.
Slow
Societal collapse's similar.
It takes years.
Decades.
Centuries.
A slow cook.
When people notice, the meal’s made. By the time they smell the fire, the forest’s already burning.
People see collapse, but it fell long time ago.
LA
Water, ran dry. Power went out. Fuel stations, empty. Help wasn't on the way.
Politicians politicking.
Making feel-good promises. People believed them. All bad decisions. One after another. They voted for it.
In time, it adds up.
Then, it falls down.
Shift
Analog to digital I work in animation.
Started analog, paper and pencil. It went digital. Scanners, tablets and all.
Veterans, didn't see it coming. Die-hards, refused to acknowledge. They went out of work. Those who adapted—they run the shows now.
Lockdowns
2008, I started a studio.
100% remote. A virtual company.
Some laughed. Others got angry. Said it wouldn't work. They couldn't see.
2020 comes with lockdowns.
Everyone scrambles. Those already digital, thrived.
The rest, shutdown.
History
The Wheel We carried goods. Then came the wheel.
Movement exploded. Trade thrived. Cities rose.
Hunter-gatherers? Left behind.
Collapse wasn't sudden. It was quiet. A shift.
The new formed. The old faded.
Change was inevitable.
Gunpowder
War changed.
Castles crumbled. Swords became relics. Power shifted.
Empires that adapted, thrived. Those that didn't, vanished.
Adapt or die.
The Internet
Borders blurred. Knowledge spread. Walls fell.
Old industries resisted. New empires emerged.
Collapse? No. A new frontier.
Borderless commerce. Shrinking government.
Info and influence, moving fast.
Bitcoin
Money, redefined.
No banks. No middlemen. Just code.
Governments dismiss it. Institutions fear it. But change ignores permission.
A ledger, transparent. A system, unstoppable. Like the internet rewrote communication, Bitcoin rewrites money.
Each invention displaced the old world.
Each collapse brought new opportunity.
Repeats
Mayans Built pyramids. Charted the stars. Cities thrived.
Then, slow decline.
Deforestation. Drought. Conflict.
People scattered.
Cities abandoned.
By the time the Spanish arrived, the fall was old news.
Romans
Not a fall. A fade.
Corruption. Inflation. Invasions. Cracks formed.
The West crumbled. The East endured.
Rome never vanished. Its laws, language, culture? Still here.
Japan
Collapse? No. Reinvention.
Shoguns fell. Meiji rose. Feudal to industrial. War crushed it. Post-war rebuilt it.
The '90s?
A peak. Tech giant. Economic force.
Then, stagnation. Aging population. Debt. Decline.
Still here. Still strong. But no longer rising.
Rhyme
US
Once a colony. Then an empire.
England ruled. America rose. Industry boomed. The 20th century belonged to the U.S.
A superpower. Factories roared. Gold backed the dollar.
A nation built on sound money.
Then, fiat. Paper promises. The gold standard abandoned.
Inflation crept in. Prices rose. Debt piled up. Each decade, the dollar bought less. Wages stagnated. Savings eroded.
Easy money, easy people.
Debt fueled bubbles. Each crash, deeper. The system, fragile.
Wealth concentrated. Time and energy, lost meaning.
A quiet nihilism grew.
People worked more. Gained less. Purpose eroded. Culture followed.
A nation distracted, chasing illusions of prosperity.
Today
The debt's bigger. The politics, fractured. The system strains. The foundation shifts.
The old fades into new.
What's next?
Every collapse starts slow. Then, all at once.
Change
Collapse is change.
It's natural. We see it throughout history.
Like a campfire—fire consumes, but it also brings warmth. Like dinner—before the meal, there’s preparation, transformation. Like LA fires—destructive, painful, but from the ashes, renewal. Possibly.
"To decompose is to be recomposed. That's what nature does. Nature, through whom all things happen as they should, and have happened forever in just the same way, and will continue one way or another endlessly."—Marcus Aurelius
Collapse isn’t the end.
It’s transition.
Preparing
"The Romans were reluctant to acknowledge change, and so are we." —The Sovereign Individual
Florida has hurricanes.
Happens every year. The news reports. Satellites confirm paths. Some, listen and prepare. Others, don't.
The storm comes.
Those prepared, benefit. The rest, suffer.
Like the old animators. They resisted. Now, they’re gone.
Collapse has warnings. How to prepare:
Mindset
Stay calm. See the patterns. Change is constant. Opportunity hides in disruption. Zoom out. Fear distorts judgment.
Skill Development
Learn adaptability. Master digital tools. Understand money. Grow networks. Invest in knowledge, not just assets.
Philosophy
Think long-term. Collapse spans generations. Pass down wisdom. Build resilience. Grow beyond survival—thrive.
Action
Own less, know more. Create. Don’t just consume.
Be part of what’s next.
Conclusion
The fire’s already burning. You can tend it—or watch it burn everything down.
There's a saying:
"There are three types of people in this world: those who make things happen, those who watch things happen, and those who wonder what happened."—Pat Riley
Be the former.
Rare Passenger / block height 880 440
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@ 502ab02a:a2860397
2025-05-04 15:48:26
วันอาทิตย์ เพื่อนใหม่เยอะพอสมควร น่าจะพอที่จะแนะนำให้รู้จัก โรงบ่มสุขภาพ ขอเล่าผ่านเพลง "บ่ม" เพื่อรวบบทความ #ตัวหนังสือมีเสียง ไว้ด้วยเลยแล้วกันครับ
โรงบ่มสุขภาพ Healthy Hut - โรงบ่มสุขภาพ คือการรวมตัวกันของบุคลากรที่มี content และ ความเชี่ยวชาญ ด้านต่างๆ ทำกิจกรรมหลากหลายรูปแบบ ตั้งแต่แคมป์สุขภาพ พักผ่อนกายใจเรียนรู้การปรับสมดุลร่างกาย, การเรียนรู้พื้นฐาน Nutrition ต่างๆ ลองดูผลงานได้ในเพจครับ และโรงบ่มฯ ก็จะยังคงมีกิจกรรมให้ทุกคนได้เข้าร่วมอยู่เสมอ ดังนั้นไปกดไลค์เพจไว้เพื่อไม่ให้พลาดข้าวสาร เอ้ย ข่าวสาร
โรงบ่มฯนั้น ประกอบด้วย 👨🏻⚕️พี่หมอป๊อบ DietDoctor Thailand ที่เรารู้จักกันดี อาจารย์ของพวกเรา 🏋🏻♀️ 🏅พี่หนึ่ง จาก หนึ่งคีโตแด๊ดดี้ มาเป็น Nueng The One ผมอุปโลกให้ก่อนเลยว่า คนไทยคนแรกที่ทำเนื้อหาการกินคีโต เป็นภาษาไทย แบบมีบันทึกสาธารณะให้ตามศึกษา 👨🏻⚕️หมอเอก หมออ้วนในดงลดน้ำหนัก กับหลักการใช้ชีวิตแบบ IFF สาย Fasting ที่ย้ำว่าหัวใจอีกห้องของ Fasting คือ Feeding กระดุมเม็ดแรกของการฟาส ที่คนมักลืม 🧘🏻♀️ครูบอม เทพโยคะอีกท่านนึงของไทย กับศาสตร์โยคะ Anusara Yoga หนึ่งเดียวในไทย 🧗♂️โค้ชแมท สารานุกรมสุขภาพที่มีชีวิต นิ่งแต่คมกริบ ถ้าเป็นเกมส์ก็สาย สไนเปอร์ ยิงน้อยแต่ Head Shot 🧔🏻แอ๊ดหนวด ฉายา Salt Daddy เจ้าแห่งเกลือแร่ ประจำกลุ่ม IF-Mix Fasting Diet Thailand (Keto # Low Carb # Plant Base # High Fat) 👭👩🏻🤝👨🏼👩🏻🤝👨🏼 รวมถึงทีมงาน กัลยาณมิตรสุขภาพ ที่มีความรู้ในด้านสุขภาพและมากประสบการณ์ 🧑🏻🍳 ผมและตำรับเอ๋เองก็ยินดีมากๆที่ได้ร่วมทีมสุขภาพนี้กับเขาด้วย
จะเห็นได้ว่า แต่ละท่านในโรงบ่มฯ นั้นหล่อหลอมมาจากความต่างเสียด้วยซ้ำไป ตั้งแต่เริ่มก่อร่างโรงบ่ม เราก็ตั้งไว้แล้วว่า ชีวะ ควรมีความหลากหลาย การวางพื้นฐานสุขภาพควรมาจาก "แต่ละคน" ไม่ใช่ one size fit all บันทึกกิจกรรมโรงบ่มผมมีโพสไว้ https://www.facebook.com/share/p/19DUibHrbw/
นั่นเป็นเหตุผลที่ผมเกิดแรงบันดาลใจในการทำเพลง "บ่ม" ขึ้นมาเพื่อเป็น Theme Song ครับ แก่นของเพลงนี้มีไม่กี่อย่างครับ ผมเริ่มคิดจากคำว่า "ความต่าง" เพราะไม่ว่าจะกี่ปีกี่ชาติ วงการสุขภาพ ก็จะมีแนวความคิดประเภท ฉันถูกเธอผิด อยู่ตลอดเวลาเพราะมันเป็นธรรมชาติมนุษย์ครับ มนุษย์เราทุกคนมีอีโก้ การยอมรับในความต่าง การหลอมรวมความต่าง ผมคิดว่ามันเป็นการ "บ่ม" ให้สุกงอมได้
เวลาที่เนื้อหาแบบนี้ ผมก็อดคิดถึงวงที่ผมรักเสมอไม่ได้เลย นั่นคือ เฉลียง แม้ความสามารถจะห่างไกลกันลิบลับ แต่ผมก็อยากทำสไตล์เฉลียงกับเขาบ้างครั้งหนึ่งหรือหลายๆครั้งในชีวิต จึงเลือกแนวเพลงออกมาทาง แจ๊ส สวิง มีเครื่องเป่า คาริเนต เป็นตัวเด่น
ท่อนแรกของเพลงจึงเริ่มด้วย "ต่างทั้งความคิด ต่างทั้งความฝัน ต่างเผ่าต่างพันธุ์ จะต่างกันแค่ไหน หนึ่งเมล็ด จากหลากผล แต่ละคน ก็ปนไป แล้วเพราะเหตุใด ใยต้องไปแค่ทางเดียว" เพื่อปูให้คนฟังเริ่มเปิดรับว่า สิ่งที่ต้องการจะสื่อต่อไปคืออะไร
ส่วนคำย้ำนั้นผมแตกมาจาก คำสอนของพระพุทธเจ้า เกี่ยวกับ "คิดเห็นเป็นไป" ซึ่งจริงๆผมเขียนไว้ในโพสนึงแต่ตอนนั้นยังไม่ได้ทำคอลัมน์ #ตัวหนังสือมีเสียง ขอไม่เขียนซ้ำ อ่านได้ที่นี่ครับ https://www.facebook.com/share/p/18tFCFaRLn/ ท่อนที่ว่าจึงเขียนไว้ว่า "บ่มบ่ม... บ่มให้คิด บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เห็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เป็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้ไป ไปเป็น ตัวของตัวเอง" ใช้ความซน สไตล์ rock&roll ผสมแจ๊สนิด ที่เขามักเล่นร้องโต้กับคอรัส นึกถึงยุคทีวีขาวดำ 5555
เนื้อร้องท่อนนี้ เป็นการบอกว่า โรงบ่มคืออะไรทำอะไร เพราะโรงบ่ม เราไม่ได้รักษา เราไม่ได้บังคับไดเอทว่าต้องใช้อะไร เราเปิดตาให้มอง เปิดหูให้ฟัง เปิดปากให้ถาม ถึงธรรมชาติในตัวเรา แล้วบ่มออกไปให้เบ่งบานในเส้นทางของแต่ละคนครับ
แล้วผมก็พยายามอีกครั้งที่จะสื่อถึงการยอมรับความต่าง ให้ติดหูเอาไว้ โดยเฉพาะคำที่ผมพูดบ่อยมากๆ "ชีวะ คือชีวิต" จนมาเป็นท่อน bridge นี้ครับ "อะไรที่ไม่คล้าย นั้นใช่ไม่ดี เพราะชีวะ ก็คือชีวี บ่มให้ดี จะมีความงาม ตามที่ควรเห็น ตามที่ควรเป็น"
เพลงนี้สามารถฟังตัวเต็มได้ทุกแพลทฟอร์มเพลงทั้ง youtube music, spotify, apple music, แผ่นเสียง tiktok ⌨️ แค่ค้นชื่อ "Heretong Teera Siri" ครับ
📺 youtube link นี้ https://youtu.be/BvIsTAsG00E?si=MzA-WfCTNQnWy6b1 📻 Spotify link นี้ https://open.spotify.com/album/08HydgrXmUAew6dgXIDNTf?si=7flQOqDAQbGe2bC0hx3T2A
ความลับคือ จริงๆแล้วเพลงนี้มี 3 version ถ้ากดใน spotify แล้วจะเห็นทั้งอัลบั้มครับ
📀เนื้อเพลง "บ่ม"📀 song by : HereTong Teera Siri ต่างทั้งความคิด ต่างทั้งความฝัน ต่างเผ่าต่างพันธุ์ จะต่างกันแค่ไหน
หนึ่งเมล็ด จากหลากผล แต่ละคน ก็ปนไป แล้วเพราะเหตุใด ใยต้องไปแค่ทางเดียว
บ่มบ่ม... บ่มให้คิด บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เห็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เป็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้ไป ไปเป็น ตัวของตัวเอง
ต่างทั้งลองลิ้ม ต่างทั้งรับรู้ ต่างที่มุมดู ก็ถมไป หนึ่งชีวิต มีความหมาย ที่หลากหลาย ไม่คล้ายกัน แล้วเพราะเหตุใด ใยต้องเป็นเช่นทุกคน
บ่มบ่ม... บ่มให้คิด บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เห็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เป็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้ไป ไปตาม ทางที่เลือกเดิน
เพราะชีวิต คือความหลากหลาย เพราะโลกนี้ ไม่เคยห่างหาย อะไรที่ไม่คล้าย นั้นใช่ไม่ดี เพราะชีวะ ก็คือชีวี บ่มให้ดี จะมีความงาม ตามที่ควรเห็น ตามที่ควรเป็น
บ่มบ่ม... บ่มให้คิด บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เห็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้เป็น บ่มบ่ม...บ่มให้ไป ไปตาม ทางที่เลือกเดิน
เพราะชีวะ ก็คือชีวี บ่มให้ดี จะมีความงาม ตามที่ควรเห็น ตามที่ควรเป็น บ่มให้เธอชื่น บ่มให้เธอชม ชีวิตรื่นรมย์ ได้สมใจ บ่มให้ยั่งยืน
ตัวหนังสือมีเสียง #pirateketo
โรงบ่มสุขภาพ #siamstr
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@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-05-04 15:45:12
lists #descentralismo #compilation #english
*Some of these lists are still being updated, so the latest versions of them will only be visible in Amethyst.
nostr:naddr1qq245dz5tqe8w46swpphgmr4f3047s6629t45qg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09upzpf0wg36k3g3hygndv3cp8f2j284v0hfh4dqgqjj3yxnreck2w4qpqvzqqqr4guxde6sl
nostr:nevent1qqsxdpwadkswdrc602m6qdhyq7n33lf3wpjtdjq2adkw4y3h38mjcrqpr9mhxue69uhkxmmzwfskvatdvyhxxmmd9aex2mrp0ypzpf0wg36k3g3hygndv3cp8f2j284v0hfh4dqgqjj3yxnreck2w4qpqvzqqqqqqysn06gs
nostr:nevent1qqs0swpxdqfknups697205qg5mpw2e370g5vet07gkexe9n0k05h5qspz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzvuhsyg99aez8269zxu3zd4j8qya92fg7437ax745pqz22ys6v08zef65qypsgqqqqqqshr37wh
Markdown Uses for Some Clients
nostr:nevent1qqsv54qfgtme38r2tl9v6ghwfj09gdjukealstkzc77mwujr56tgfwsppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qgsq37tg2603tu0cqdrxs30e2n5t8p87uenf4fvfepdcvr7nllje5zgrqsqqqqqpkdvta4
Other Links
nostr:nevent1qqsrm6ywny5r7ajakpppp0lt525n0s33x6tyn6pz0n8ws8k2tqpqracpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygp6e5ns0nv3dun430jky25y4pku6ylz68rz6zs7khv29q6rj5peespsgqqqqqqsmfwa78
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@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-01 02:22:31
Blank
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@ a5ee4475:2ca75401
2025-05-04 15:14:32
lista #descentralismo #compilado #portugues
*Algumas destas listas ainda estão sendo trocadas e serão traduzidas para português, portanto as versões mais recentes delas só estarão visíveis no Amethyst.
Clients do Nostr e Outras Coisas
nostr:naddr1qq245dz5tqe8w46swpphgmr4f3047s6629t45qg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09upzpf0wg36k3g3hygndv3cp8f2j284v0hfh4dqgqjj3yxnreck2w4qpqvzqqqr4guxde6sl
Modelos de IA e Ferramentas
nostr:nevent1qqsxdpwadkswdrc602m6qdhyq7n33lf3wpjtdjq2adkw4y3h38mjcrqpr9mhxue69uhkxmmzwfskvatdvyhxxmmd9aex2mrp0ypzpf0wg36k3g3hygndv3cp8f2j284v0hfh4dqgqjj3yxnreck2w4qpqvzqqqqqqysn06gs
Comunidades Lusófonas de Bitcoin
nostr:nevent1qqsqnmtverj2fetqwhsv9n2ny8h9ujhyqqrk0fsn4a02w8sf4cqddzqpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtczyzj7u3r4dz3rwg3x6erszwj4y502clwn026qsp99zgdx8n3v5a2qzqcyqqqqqqgypv6z5
Profissionais Brasileiros no Nostr
nostr:nevent1qqsvqnlx7sqeczv5r7pmmd6zzca3l0ru4856n3j7lhjfv3atq40lfdcpr9mhxue69uhkxmmzwfskvatdvyhxxmmd9aex2mrp0ypzpf0wg36k3g3hygndv3cp8f2j284v0hfh4dqgqjj3yxnreck2w4qpqvzqqqqqqylf6kr4
Comunidades em Português no Nostr
nostr:nevent1qqsy47d6z0qzshfqt5sgvtck8jmhdjnsfkyacsvnqe8m7euuvp4nm0gpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsyg99aez8269zxu3zd4j8qya92fg7437ax745pqz22ys6v08zef65qypsgqqqqqqsw4vudx
Grupos em Português no Nostr
nostr:nevent1qqs98kldepjmlxngupsyth40n0h5lw7z5ut5w4scvh27alc0w86tevcpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygy7fff8g6l23gp5uqtuyqwkqvucx6mhe7r9h7v6wyzzj0v6lrztcspsgqqqqqqs3ndneh
Games Open Source
nostr:nevent1qqs0swpxdqfknups697205qg5mpw2e370g5vet07gkexe9n0k05h5qspz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzvuhsyg99aez8269zxu3zd4j8qya92fg7437ax745pqz22ys6v08zef65qypsgqqqqqqshr37wh
Formatação de Texto no Amethyst
nostr:nevent1qqs0vquevt0pe9h5a2dh8csufdksazp6czz3vjk3wfspp68uqdez00cprpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezuendwsh8w6t69e3xj730qgs2tmjyw452ydezymtywqf625j3atra6datgzqy55fp5c7w9jn4gqgrqsqqqqqpd658r3
Outros Links
nostr:nevent1qqsrm6ywny5r7ajakpppp0lt525n0s33x6tyn6pz0n8ws8k2tqpqracpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygp6e5ns0nv3dun430jky25y4pku6ylz68rz6zs7khv29q6rj5peespsgqqqqqqsmfwa78
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@ 5df413d4:2add4f5b
2025-05-01 01:44:19
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@ c230edd3:8ad4a712
2025-04-30 16:19:30
Chef's notes
I found this recipe on beyondsweetandsavory.com. The site is incredibly ad infested (like most recipe sites) and its very annoying so I'm copying it to Nostr so all the homemade ice cream people can access it without dealing with that mess. I haven't made it yet. Will report back, when I do.
Details
- ⏲️ Prep time: 20 min
- 🍳 Cook time: 55 min
- 🍽️ Servings: 8
Ingredients
- 2 cups heavy cream
- 1 cup 2% milk
- 8 oz dark chocolate, 70%
- ¼ cup Dutch cocoa
- 2 tbsps loose Earl grey tea leaves
- 4 medium egg yolks
- ¾ cup granulated sugar
- ⅛ tsp salt
- ¼ cup dark chocolate, 70% chopped
Directions
- In a double boiler or a bowl set over a saucepan of simmering water, add the cacao solids and ½ cup of heavy cream. Stir chocolate until melted and smooth. Set melted chocolate aside.
- In a heavy saucepan, combine remaining heavy cream, milk, salt and ½ cup of sugar.
- Put the pan over medium heat and let the mixture boil gently to bubbling just around the edges (gentle simmer) and sugar completely dissolved, about 5 minutes. Remove from heat.
- Add the Earl Grey tea leaves and let it steep for 7-8 minutes until the cream has taken on the tea flavor, stirring occasionally and tasting to make sure it’s not too bitter.
- Whisk in Dutch cocoa until smooth. Add in melted chocolate and whisk until smooth.
- In a medium heatproof bowl, whisk the yolks just to break them up and whisk in remaining sugar. Set aside.
- Put the saucepan back on the stove over low heat and let it warm up for 2 minutes.
- Carefully measure out ½ cup of hot cream mixture.
- While whisking the eggs constantly, whisk the hot cream mixture into the eggs until smooth. Continue tempering the eggs by adding another ½ cup of hot cream to the bowl with the yolks.
- Pour the cream-egg mixture back to the saucepan and cook over medium-low heat, stirring constantly until it is thickened and coats the back of a spatula, about 5 minutes.
- Strain the base through a fine-mesh strainer into a clean container.
- Pour the mixture into a 1-gallon Ziplock freezer bag and submerge the sealed bag in an ice bath until cold, about 30 minutes. Refrigerate the ice cream base for at least 4 hours or overnight.
- Pour the ice cream base into the frozen canister of your ice cream machine and follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Spin until thick and creamy about 25-30 minutes.
- Pack the ice cream into a storage container, press a sheet of parchment directly against the surface and seal with an airtight lid. Freeze in the coldest part of your freezer until firm, at least 4 hours.
- When ready to serve, scoop the ice cream into a serving bowl and top with chopped chocolate.
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@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353
2025-05-04 14:53:42
Amico mio, ascolta bene!
Without hesitation, the woman you attract with lies is not truly yours. Davvero, she is the temporary property of the illusion you’ve built to seduce her. And every illusion, sooner or later, crumbles.
Weak men sell inflated versions of themselves. They talk about what they don’t have, promise what they can’t sustain, adorn their empty selves with words that are nothing more than a coat of paint. And they do this thinking that, later, they’ll be able to "show who they really are." Fatal mistake, cazzo!
The truth, amico mio, is not something that appears at the end. It is what holds up the whole beginning.
The woman who approaches a lie may smile at first — but she is smiling at the theater, not at the actor. When the curtains fall, what she will see is not a man. It will be a character tired of performing, begging for love from a self-serving audience in the front row.
That’s why I always point out that lying to win a woman’s heart is the same as sabotaging your own nature. The woman who comes through an invented version of you will be the first to leave when the veil of lies tears apart. Not out of cruelty, but out of consistency with her own interest. Fine... She didn’t leave you, but rather, that version of yourself never truly existed to be left behind.
A worthy man presents himself without deceptive adornments. And those who stay, stay because they know exactly who they are choosing as a man. That’s what differentiates forged seduction from the convenience of love built on honor, loyalty, and respect.
Ah, amico mio, I remember well. It was lunch on an autumn day in Catania. Mediterranean heat, and the Nero D'Avola wine from midday clinging to the lips like dried blood. Sitting in the shade of a lemon tree planted right by my grandfather's vineyard entrance, my uncle — the oldest of my father’s brothers — spoke little, but when he called us to sit by his side, all the nephews would quiet down to listen. And in my youth, he told me something that has never left my mind.
“In Sicily, the woman who endures the silence of a man about his business is more loyal than the one who is enchanted by speeches about what he does or how much he earns. Perchè, figlio mio, the first one has seen the truth. The second one, only a false shine.”
Thank you for reading, my friend!
If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.
A toast to our family!
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@ 1739d937:3e3136ef
2025-04-30 14:39:24
MLS over Nostr - 30th April 2025
YO! Exciting stuff in this update so no intro, let's get straight into it.
🚢 Libraries Released
I've created 4 new Rust crates to make implementing NIP-EE (MLS) messaging easy for other projects. These are now part of the rust-nostr project (thanks nostr:npub1drvpzev3syqt0kjrls50050uzf25gehpz9vgdw08hvex7e0vgfeq0eseet) but aren't quite released to crates.io yet. They will be included in the next release of that library. My hope is that these libraries will give nostr developers a simple, safe, and specification-compliant way to work with MLS messaging in their applications.
Here's a quick overview of each:
nostr_mls_storage
One of the challenges of using MLS messaging is that clients have to store quite a lot of state about groups, keys, and messages. Initially, I implemented all of this in White Noise but knew that eventually this would need to be done in a more generalized way.
This crate defines traits and types that are used by the storage implementation crates and sets those up to wrap the OpenMLS storage layer. Now, instead of apps having to implement storage for both OpenMLS and Nostr, you simply pick your storage backend and go from there.
Importantly, because these are generic traits, it allows for the creation of any number of storage implementations for different backend storage providers; postgres, lmdb, nostrdb, etc. To start I've created two implementations; detailed below.
nostr_mls_memory_storage
This is a simple implementation of the nostr_mls_storage traits that uses an in-memory store (that doesn't persist anything to disc). This is principally for testing.
nostr_mls_sqlite_storage
This is a production ready implementation of the nostr_mls_storage traits that uses a persistent local sqlite database to store all data.
nostr_mls
This is the main library that app developers will interact with. Once you've chose a backend and instantiated an instance of NostrMls you can then interact with a simple set of methods to create key packages, create groups, send messages, process welcomes and messages, and more.
If you want to see a complete example of what the interface looks like check out mls_memory.rs.
I'll continue to add to this library over time as I implement more of the MLS protocol features.
🚧 White Noise Refactor
As a result of these new libraries, I was able to remove a huge amount of code from White Noise and refactor large parts of the app to make the codebase easier to understand and maintain. Because of this large refactor and the changes in the underlying storage layer, if you've installed White Noise before you'll need to delete it from your device before you trying to install again.
🖼️ Encrypted Media with Blossom
Let's be honest: Group chat would be basically useless if you couldn't share memes and gifs. Well, now you can in White Noise. Media in groups is encrypted using an MLS secret and uploaded to Blossom with a one-time use keypair. This gives groups a way to have rich conversations with images and documents and anything else while also maintaining the privacy and security of the conversation.
This is still in a rough state but rendering improvements are coming next.
📱 Damn Mobile
The app is still in a semi-broken state on Android and fully broken state on iOS. Now that I have the libraries released and the White Noise core code refactored, I'm focused 100% on fixing these issues. My goal is to have a beta version live on Zapstore in a few weeks.
🧑💻 Join Us
I'm looking for mobile developers on both Android and iOS to join the team and help us build the best possible apps for these platforms. I have grant funding available for the right people. Come and help us build secure, permissionless, censorship-resistant messaging. I can think of few projects that deserve your attention more than securing freedom of speech and freedom of association for the entire world. If you're interested or know someone who might be, please reach out to me directly.
🙏 Thanks to the People
Last but not least: A HUGE thank you to all the folks that have been helping make this project happen. You can check out the people that are directly working on the apps on Following._ (and follow them). There are also a lot of people behind the scenes that have helped in myriad ways to get us this far. Thank you thank you thank you.
🔗 Links
Libraries
White Noise
Other
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@ e096a89e:59351479
2025-04-30 12:59:28
Why Oshi?
I had another name for this brand before, but it was hard for folks to say. Then I saw a chance to tap into the #Nostr and #Bitcoin crowd, people who might vibe with what I’m creating, and I knew I needed something that’d stick.
A good name can make a difference. Well, sometimes. Take Blink-182 - it might sound odd, but it worked for them and even has a ring to it. So, why Oshi?
Names mean a lot to me, and Oshi’s got layers. I’m into Japanese culture and Bitcoin, so it fits perfectly with a few meanings baked in:
- It’s a nod to Bitcoin’s visionary, Satoshi Nakamoto.
- In Japanese, “oshi” means cheering on your favorite idol by supporting their work - think of me as the maker, you as the fan.
- It’s short for “oh shiiiitttt” - what most folks say when they taste how good this stuff is.
My goal with Oshi is to share how amazing pecans and dates can be together. Everything I make - Hodl Butter, Hodl Bars, chocolates - is crafted with intention, keeping it simple and nuanced, no overdoing it. It’s healthy snacking without the grains or junk you find in other products.
I’ve got a few bars and jars in stock now. Grab something today and taste the unique flavor for yourself. Visit my website at https://oshigood.us/
foodstr #oshigood #hodlbar #hodlbutter
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@ 24a587f0:edc58e00
2025-05-04 14:11:53
A plataforma 7FF vem ganhando destaque no cenário do entretenimento online por oferecer uma experiência completa, segura e empolgante para os jogadores brasileiros. Com um visual moderno, navegação intuitiva e suporte técnico eficiente, a 7FF proporciona tudo o que os usuários precisam para se divertir e testar sua sorte de maneira prática e confiável.
Desde o primeiro acesso, é fácil perceber que a 7FF foi desenvolvida pensando nos detalhes. O site é otimizado para funcionar perfeitamente tanto em computadores quanto em dispositivos móveis, o que permite aos usuários jogarem de onde estiverem. A interface amigável e os menus organizados facilitam a navegação, mesmo para quem não tem muita familiaridade com plataformas de jogos online.
Outro grande diferencial da 7FF é a segurança. A empresa investe em tecnologia de criptografia de ponta para proteger dados pessoais e financeiros dos jogadores, garantindo um ambiente confiável e protegido. Além disso, a plataforma conta com um sistema de cadastro rápido e verificação simples, o que agiliza o processo de início para novos usuários.
Catálogo de Jogos Variado e Empolgante A 7FF oferece uma ampla variedade de jogos que atendem a todos os perfis de jogadores, desde os mais experientes até os iniciantes. Entre as principais categorias disponíveis, destacam-se os jogos de cartas, slots temáticos, roletas virtuais e experiências ao vivo com crupiês reais. Os títulos são fornecidos por desenvolvedores reconhecidos internacionalmente, o que assegura gráficos de alta qualidade, jogabilidade fluida e excelentes recursos interativos.
Para quem gosta de jogos com forte componente visual e temático, os slots são uma ótima pedida. Na 7FF, é possível encontrar opções com temas que vão da mitologia ao faroeste, passando por aventuras espaciais e culturas orientais. Já para os fãs de estratégia e tomada de decisões rápidas, os jogos de cartas como poker e blackjack garantem rodadas emocionantes e desafiadoras.
Experiência do Jogador: Diversão, Bônus e Suporte Na 7FF, a experiência do jogador é tratada como prioridade. A plataforma oferece promoções regulares e bônus atrativos para novos usuários e também para jogadores frequentes. Isso inclui bônus de boas-vindas, giros grátis, cashback em determinadas modalidades e prêmios em eventos sazonais. Essas recompensas tornam as partidas ainda mais emocionantes e aumentam as chances de obter ganhos expressivos.
O suporte ao cliente também é um dos pontos fortes da 7FF. A equipe de atendimento está disponível 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, oferecendo ajuda rápida e eficiente por meio de chat ao vivo, e-mail e FAQ detalhado. Essa atenção ao jogador contribui para uma experiência tranquila e satisfatória, mesmo em situações que exigem suporte técnico.
Além disso, a 7FF valoriza o jogo responsável e disponibiliza ferramentas que ajudam os usuários a estabelecerem limites pessoais, promovendo um ambiente equilibrado e saudável para todos.
Conclusão A 7FF se consolida como uma das melhores opções de entretenimento digital no Brasil. Com uma plataforma moderna, jogos variados e suporte de qualidade, a experiência do jogador é levada a sério em todos os aspectos. Se você está em busca de emoção, diversão e oportunidades de ganhar prêmios reais, a 7FF é o lugar ideal para começar a sua jornada.
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@ 24a587f0:edc58e00
2025-05-04 14:11:03
O cenário dos jogos online está em constante transformação, e a plataforma CR7 surge como uma referência de inovação e entretenimento de alta qualidade para jogadores que buscam emoção, segurança e experiências memoráveis. Com uma interface moderna, suporte profissional e uma ampla variedade de jogos, o CR7 oferece muito mais do que simples diversão: proporciona uma jornada completa de entretenimento digital.
Conheça a Plataforma CR7 A plataforma CR7 foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de entregar uma experiência superior em jogos online. Desde o primeiro acesso, os usuários percebem a fluidez da navegação, a rapidez no carregamento das páginas e a facilidade de encontrar seus jogos favoritos. Compatível com smartphones, tablets e computadores, o CR7 permite que você jogue de onde estiver, com total segurança e comodidade.
Além do design intuitivo, o CR7 conta com um sistema de cadastro simples e rápido, além de métodos de pagamento eficientes, oferecendo opções variadas para depósitos e saques. A segurança é um dos pilares da plataforma, com tecnologias de criptografia e verificação que garantem proteção total dos dados dos usuários.
Jogos Diversificados para Todos os Estilos Uma das maiores qualidades do CR7 está na sua variedade de jogos. A plataforma conta com centenas de opções que agradam desde os jogadores mais tradicionais até os que preferem jogos modernos e cheios de interatividade. Os principais gêneros disponíveis incluem:
Slots Online: Máquinas de giro com gráficos impressionantes, efeitos sonoros envolventes e temáticas variadas, que vão desde o Egito Antigo até aventuras futuristas.
Jogos de Mesa: Para os fãs de jogos clássicos, o CR7 oferece versões digitais de roleta, blackjack, pôquer e outros, todos com excelente jogabilidade e recursos interativos.
Jogos ao Vivo: Uma das maiores atrações da plataforma, os jogos ao vivo permitem interação em tempo real com apresentadores e outros jogadores, tornando a experiência ainda mais envolvente.
Minigames e Jogos Instantâneos: Para quem prefere partidas rápidas e dinâmicas, o CR7 disponibiliza diversos minigames com regras simples e recompensas atrativas.
Cada jogo é desenvolvido por provedores reconhecidos internacionalmente, garantindo gráficos de alta qualidade, jogabilidade justa e retorno adequado ao jogador.
Experiência do Jogador: Diversão com Suporte e Recompensas O CR7 não se limita a oferecer jogos: ele proporciona uma verdadeira experiência de entretenimento. Os jogadores contam com promoções exclusivas, bônus de boas-vindas e programas de fidelidade que tornam a jornada ainda mais gratificante.
O suporte ao cliente está disponível 24 horas por dia, todos os dias da semana, com atendimento em português e canais como chat ao vivo, e-mail e suporte via WhatsApp. Isso garante que qualquer dúvida ou problema seja resolvido de forma rápida e eficiente.
Outro ponto de destaque é a comunidade ativa de jogadores que a plataforma fomenta. Através de torneios, desafios e rankings, os usuários têm a chance de competir, se destacar e ganhar prêmios adicionais, além de interagir com outros participantes em tempo real.
Conclusão A plataforma CR7 representa uma nova era no universo dos jogos online. Com tecnologia de ponta, suporte constante, variedade impressionante de jogos e recompensas reais, ela se consolida como uma escolha inteligente para quem busca entretenimento completo, seguro e emocionante.
Se você está pronto para elevar sua experiência nos jogos digitais, o CR7 é o destino certo. Cadastre-se, explore, jogue e descubra por que tantos brasileiros já escolheram o CR7 como sua plataforma de confiança.
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@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2
2025-05-04 12:01:42
OSU commencement speech revisited 1 year later
One year ago, May 5, 2024, the commencement speaker at Ohio State University was Chris Pan. He got booed for mentioning bitcoin. There were some other things involved, but the bitcoin part is what could my ears.
Here's an article about the speech and a video clip with the bitcoin mention. The quote that I feel is especially pertinent is this, '“The mechanics of investing are actually easy, but it comes down to mindset,” Pan said. “The most common barriers are fear, laziness and closed-mindedness.”'
Last year, I wrote this and had it sent as a reminder to myself (I received the reminder yesterday after totally forgetting about this):
Ohio State commencement speaker mentions bitcoin and got booed.
I wondered what would've happened if they'd taken his advice to heart and bought bitcoin that day. Linked article: https://www.businessinsider.com/osu-commencement-speaker-ayahuasca-praises-bitcoin-booed-viral-2024-5
Nat Brunell interviewed him on her Coin Stories podcast shortly after his speech: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LRqKxKqlbcI
BTC on 5/5/2024 day of speech: about $64,047 (chart below)
If any of those now wise old 23 year olds remember the advice they were given, bitcoin is currently at $95,476. If any took Pan's advice, they achieved a 49% gain in one year. Those who did not take Pan's advice, lost about 2.7% of their buying power due to inflation.
For bitcoiners, think about how far we've come. May of 2024 was still the waning days of the "War on Crypto," bitcoin was boiling the oceans, if you held, used, or liked bitcoin you were evil. Those were dark days and days I'm glad are behind us.
Here is the full commencement speech. The bitcoin part is around the 5 or 6 minute mark: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=lcH-iL_FdYo
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@ 90de72b7:8f68fdc0
2025-05-04 10:23:52
Custom Traffic Light Control System
This Petri net represents a traffic control protocol ensuring that two traffic lights alternate safely and are never both green at the same time.
Places & Transitions
- Places:
- greenLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is green.
- greenLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is green.
- redLight1: Indicates that the first traffic light is red.
- redLight2: Indicates that the second traffic light is red.
-
queue: Acts as a synchronization mechanism ensuring controlled alternation between the two traffic lights.
-
Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system by placing tokens in greenLight1 and redLight2.
- toRed1: Moves a token from greenLight1 to redLight1, while placing a token in queue.
- toGreen2: Moves a token from redLight2 to greenLight2, requiring queue.
- toGreen1: Moves a token from queue and redLight1 to greenLight1.
- toRed2: Moves a token from greenLight2 to redLight2, placing a token back into queue.
- stop: Terminates the system by removing tokens from redLight1, queue, and redLight2, representing the system's end state.
petrinet ;start () -> greenLight1 redLight2 ;toRed1 greenLight1 -> queue redLight1 ;toGreen2 redLight2 queue -> greenLight2 ;toGreen1 queue redLight1 -> greenLight1 ;toRed2 greenLight2 -> redLight2 queue ;stop redLight1 queue redLight2 -> ()
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@ d08c9312:73efcc9f
2025-04-30 09:59:52
Resolvr CEO, Aaron Daniel, summarizes his keynote speech from the Bitcoin Insurance Summit, April 26, 2025
Introduction
At the inaugural Bitcoin Insurance Summit in Miami, I had the pleasure of sharing two historical parallels that illuminate why "Bitcoin needs insurance, and insurance needs Bitcoin." The insurance industry's reactions to fire and coffee can help us better understand the profound relationship between emerging technologies, risk management, and commercial innovation.
Fire: Why Bitcoin Needs Insurance
The first story explores how the insurance industry's response to catastrophic urban fires shaped modern building safety. Following devastating events like the Great Fire of London (1666) and the Great Chicago Fire (1871), the nascent insurance industry began engaging with fire risk systematically.
Initially, insurers offered private fire brigades to policyholders who displayed their company's fire mark on their buildings. This evolved into increasingly sophisticated risk assessment and pricing models throughout the 19th century:
- Early 19th century: Basic risk classifications with simple underwriting based on rules of thumb
- Mid-19th century: Detailed construction types and cooperative sharing of loss data through trade associations
- Late 19th/Early 20th century: Scientific, data-driven approaches with differentiated rate pricing
The insurance industry fundamentally transformed building construction practices by developing evidence-based standards that would later inform regulatory frameworks. Organizations like the National Board of Fire Underwriters (founded 1866) and Underwriters Laboratories (established 1894) tested and standardized new technologies, turning seemingly risky innovations like electricity into safer, controlled advancements.
This pattern offers a powerful precedent for Bitcoin. Like electricity, Bitcoin represents a new technology that appears inherently risky but has tremendous potential for society. By engaging with Bitcoin rather than avoiding it, the insurance industry can develop evidence-based standards, implement proper controls, and ultimately make the entire Bitcoin ecosystem safer and more robust.
Coffee: Why Insurance Needs Bitcoin
The second story reveals how coffee houses in 17th-century England became commercial hubs that gave birth to modern insurance. Nathaniel Canopius brewed the first documented cup of coffee in England in 1637. But it wasn't until advances in navigation and shipping technology opened new trade lanes that coffee became truly ubiquitous in England. Once global trade blossomed, coffee houses rapidly spread throughout London, becoming centers of business, information exchange, and innovation.
In 1686, Edward Lloyd opened his coffee house catering to sailors, merchants, and shipowners, which would eventually evolve into Lloyd's of London. Similarly, Jonathan's Coffee House became the birthplace of what would become the London Stock Exchange.
These coffee houses functioned as information networks where merchants could access shipping news and trade opportunities, as well as risk management solutions. They created a virtuous cycle: better shipping technology brought more coffee, which fueled commerce and led to better marine insurance and financing, which in turn improved global trade.
Today, we're experiencing a similar technological and financial revolution with Bitcoin. This digital, programmable money moves at the speed of light and operates 24/7 as a nearly $2 trillion asset class. The insurance industry stands to benefit tremendously by embracing this innovation early.
Conclusion
The lessons from history are clear. Just as the insurance industry drove safety improvements by engaging with fire risk, it can help develop standards and best practices for Bitcoin security. And just as coffee houses created commercial networks that revolutionized finance, insurance, and trade, Bitcoin offers new pathways for global commerce and risk management.
For the insurance industry to remain relevant in a rapidly digitizing world, it must engage with Bitcoin rather than avoid it. The companies that recognize this opportunity first will enjoy significant advantages, while those who resist change risk being left behind.
The Bitcoin Insurance Summit represented an important first step in creating the collaborative spaces needed for this transformation—a modern version of those innovative coffee houses that changed the world over three centuries ago.
View Aaron's full keynote:
https://youtu.be/eIjT1H2XuCU
For more information about how Resolvr can help your organization leverage Bitcoin in its operations, contact us today.
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@ 826e9f89:ffc5c759
2025-04-12 21:34:24
What follows began as snippets of conversations I have been having for years, on and off, here and there. It will likely eventually be collated into a piece I have been meaning to write on “payments” as a whole. I foolishly started writing this piece years ago, not realizing that the topic is gargantuan and for every week I spend writing it I have to add two weeks to my plan. That may or may not ever come to fruition, but in the meantime, Tether announced it was issuing on Taproot Assets and suddenly everybody is interested again. This is as good a catalyst as any to carve out my “stablecoin thesis”, such as it exists, from “payments”, and put it out there for comment and feedback.
In contrast to the “Bitcoiner take” I will shortly revert to, I invite the reader to keep the following potential counterargument in mind, which might variously be termed the “shitcoiner”, “realist”, or “cynical” take, depending on your perspective: that stablecoins have clear product-market-fit. Now, as a venture capitalist and professional thinkboi focusing on companies building on Bitcoin, I obviously think that not only is Bitcoin the best money ever invented and its monetization is pretty much inevitable, but that, furthermore, there is enormous, era-defining long-term potential for a range of industries in which Bitcoin is emerging as superior technology, even aside from its role as money. But in the interest not just of steelmanning but frankly just of honesty, I would grudgingly agree with the following assessment as of the time of writing: the applications of crypto (inclusive of Bitcoin but deliberately wider) that have found product-market-fit today, and that are not speculative bets on future development and adoption, are: Bitcoin as savings technology, mining as a means of monetizing energy production, and stablecoins.
I think there are two typical Bitcoiner objections to stablecoins of significantly greater importance than all others: that you shouldn’t be supporting dollar hegemony, and that you don’t need a blockchain. I will elaborate on each of these, and for the remainder of the post will aim to produce a synthesis of three superficially contrasting (or at least not obviously related) sources of inspiration: these objections, the realisation above that stablecoins just are useful, and some commentary on technical developments in Bitcoin and the broader space that I think inform where things are likely to go. As will become clear as the argument progresses, I actually think the outcome to which I am building up is where things have to go. I think the technical and economic incentives at play make this an inevitability rather than a “choice”, per se. Given my conclusion, which I will hold back for the time being, this is a fantastically good thing, hence I am motivated to write this post at all!
Objection 1: Dollar Hegemony
I list this objection first because there isn’t a huge amount to say about it. It is clearly a normative position, and while I more or less support it personally, I don’t think that it is material to the argument I am going on to make, so I don’t want to force it on the reader. While the case for this objection is probably obvious to this audience (isn’t the point of Bitcoin to destroy central banks, not further empower them?) I should at least offer the steelman that there is a link between this and the realist observation that stablecoins are useful. The reason they are useful is because people prefer the dollar to even shitter local fiat currencies. I don’t think it is particularly fruitful to say that they shouldn’t. They do. Facts don’t care about your feelings. There is a softer bridging argument to be made here too, to the effect that stablecoins warm up their users to the concept of digital bearer (ish) assets, even though these particular assets are significantly scammier than Bitcoin. Again, I am just floating this, not telling the reader they should or shouldn’t buy into it.
All that said, there is one argument I do want to put my own weight behind, rather than just float: stablecoin issuance is a speculative attack on the institution of fractional reserve banking. A “dollar” Alice moves from JPMorgan to Tether embodies two trade-offs from Alice’s perspective: i) a somewhat opaque profile on the credit risk of the asset: the likelihood of JPMorgan ever really defaulting on deposits vs the operator risk of Tether losing full backing and/or being wrench attacked by the Federal Government and rugging its users. These risks are real but are almost entirely political. I’m skeptical it is meaningful to quantify them, but even if it is, I am not the person to try to do it. Also, more transparently to Alice, ii) far superior payment rails (for now, more on this to follow).
However, from the perspective of the fiat banking cartel, fractional reserve leverage has been squeezed. There are just as many notional dollars in circulation, but there the backing has been shifted from levered to unlevered issuers. There are gradations of relevant objections to this: while one might say, Tether’s backing comes from Treasuries, so you are directly funding US debt issuance!, this is a bit silly in the context of what other dollars one might hold. It’s not like JPMorgan is really competing with the Treasury to sell credit into the open market. Optically they are, but this is the core of the fiat scam. Via the guarantees of the Federal Reserve System, JPMorgan can sell as much unbacked credit as it wants knowing full well the difference will be printed whenever this blows up. Short-term Treasuries are also JPMorgan’s most pristine asset safeguarding its equity, so the only real difference is that Tether only holds Treasuries without wishing more leverage into existence. The realization this all builds up to is that, by necessity,
Tether is a fully reserved bank issuing fiduciary media against the only dollar-denominated asset in existence whose value (in dollar terms) can be guaranteed. Furthermore, this media arguably has superior “moneyness” to the obvious competition in the form of US commercial bank deposits by virtue of its payment rails.
That sounds pretty great when you put it that way! Of course, the second sentence immediately leads to the second objection, and lets the argument start to pick up steam …
Objection 2: You Don’t Need a Blockchain
I don’t need to explain this to this audience but to recap as briefly as I can manage: Bitcoin’s value is entirely endogenous. Every aspect of “a blockchain” that, out of context, would be an insanely inefficient or redundant modification of a “database”, in context is geared towards the sole end of enabling the stability of this endogenous value. Historically, there have been two variations of stupidity that follow a failure to grok this: i) “utility tokens”, or blockchains with native tokens for something other than money. I would recommend anybody wanting a deeper dive on the inherent nonsense of a utility token to read Only The Strong Survive, in particular Chapter 2, Crypto Is Not Decentralized, and the subsection, Everything Fights For Liquidity, and/or Green Eggs And Ham, in particular Part II, Decentralized Finance, Technically. ii) “real world assets” or, creating tokens within a blockchain’s data structure that are not intended to have endogenous value but to act as digital quasi-bearer certificates to some or other asset of value exogenous to this system. Stablecoins are in this second category.
RWA tokens definitionally have to have issuers, meaning some entity that, in the real world, custodies or physically manages both the asset and the record-keeping scheme for the asset. “The blockchain” is at best a secondary ledger to outsource ledger updates to public infrastructure such that the issuer itself doesn’t need to bother and can just “check the ledger” whenever operationally relevant. But clearly ownership cannot be enforced in an analogous way to Bitcoin, under both technical and social considerations. Technically, Bitcoin’s endogenous value means that whoever holds the keys to some or other UTXOs functionally is the owner. Somebody else claiming to be the owner is yelling at clouds. Whereas, socially, RWA issuers enter a contract with holders (whether legally or just in terms of a common-sense interpretation of the transaction) such that ownership of the asset issued against is entirely open to dispute. That somebody can point to “ownership” of the token may or may not mean anything substantive with respect to the physical reality of control of the asset, and how the issuer feels about it all.
And so, one wonders, why use a blockchain at all? Why doesn’t the issuer just run its own database (for the sake of argument with some or other signature scheme for verifying and auditing transactions) given it has the final say over issuance and redemption anyway? I hinted at an answer above: issuing on a blockchain outsources this task to public infrastructure. This is where things get interesting. While it is technically true, given the above few paragraphs, that, you don’t need a blockchain for that, you also don’t need to not use a blockchain for that. If you want to, you can.
This is clearly the case given stablecoins exist at all and have gone this route. If one gets too angry about not needing a blockchain for that, one equally risks yelling at clouds! And, in fact, one can make an even stronger argument, more so from the end users’ perspective. These products do not exist in a vacuum but rather compete with alternatives. In the case of stablecoins, the alternative is traditional fiat money, which, as stupid as RWAs on a blockchain are, is even dumber. It actually is just a database, except it’s a database that is extremely annoying to use, basically for political reasons because the industry managing these private databases form a cartel that never needs to innovate or really give a shit about its customers at all. In many, many cases, stablecoins on blockchains are dumb in the abstract, but superior to the alternative methods of holding and transacting in dollars existing in other forms. And note, this is only from Alice’s perspective of wanting to send and receive, not a rehashing of the fractional reserve argument given above. This is the essence of their product-market-fit. Yell at clouds all you like: they just are useful given the alternative usually is not Bitcoin, it’s JPMorgan’s KYC’d-up-the-wazoo 90s-era website, more than likely from an even less solvent bank.
So where does this get us? It might seem like we are back to “product-market-fit, sorry about that” with Bitcoiners yelling about feelings while everybody else makes do with their facts. However, I think we have introduced enough material to move the argument forward by incrementally incorporating the following observations, all of which I will shortly go into in more detail: i) as a consequence of making no technical sense with respect to what blockchains are for, today’s approach won’t scale; ii) as a consequence of short-termist tradeoffs around socializing costs, today’s approach creates an extremely unhealthy and arguably unnatural market dynamic in the issuer space; iii) Taproot Assets now exist and handily address both points i) and ii), and; iv) eCash is making strides that I believe will eventually replace even Taproot Assets.
To tease where all this is going, and to get the reader excited before we dive into much more detail: just as Bitcoin will eat all monetary premia, Lightning will likely eat all settlement, meaning all payments will gravitate towards routing over Lightning regardless of the denomination of the currency at the edges. Fiat payments will gravitate to stablecoins to take advantage of this; stablecoins will gravitate to TA and then to eCash, and all of this will accelerate hyperbitcoinization by “bitcoinizing” payment rails such that an eventual full transition becomes as simple as flicking a switch as to what denomination you want to receive.
I will make two important caveats before diving in that are more easily understood in light of having laid this groundwork: I am open to the idea that it won’t be just Lightning or just Taproot Assets playing the above roles. Without veering into forecasting the entire future development of Bitcoin tech, I will highlight that all that really matters here are, respectively: a true layer 2 with native hashlocks, and a token issuance scheme that enables atomic routing over such a layer 2 (or combination of such). For the sake of argument, the reader is welcome to swap in “Ark” and “RGB” for “Lightning” and “TA” both above and in all that follows. As far as I can tell, this makes no difference to the argument and is even exciting in its own right. However, for the sake of simplicity in presentation, I will stick to “Lightning” and “TA” hereafter.
1) Today’s Approach to Stablecoins Won’t Scale
This is the easiest to tick off and again doesn’t require much explanation to this audience. Blockchains fundamentally don’t scale, which is why Bitcoin’s UTXO scheme is a far better design than ex-Bitcoin Crypto’s’ account-based models, even entirely out of context of all the above criticisms. This is because Bitcoin transactions can be batched across time and across users with combinations of modes of spending restrictions that provide strong economic guarantees of correct eventual net settlement, if not perpetual deferral. One could argue this is a decent (if abstrusely technical) definition of “scaling” that is almost entirely lacking in Crypto.
What we see in ex-Bitcoin crypto is so-called “layer 2s” that are nothing of the sort, forcing stablecoin schemes in these environments into one of two equally poor design choices if usage is ever to increase: fees go higher and higher, to the point of economic unviability (and well past it) as blocks fill up, or move to much more centralized environments that increasingly are just databases, and hence which lose the benefits of openness thought to be gleaned by outsourcing settlement to public infrastructure. This could be in the form of punting issuance to a bullshit “layer 2” that is a really a multisig “backing” a private execution environment (to be decentralized any daw now) or an entirely different blockchain that is just pretending even less not to be a database to begin with. In a nutshell, this is a decent bottom-up explanation as to why Tron has the highest settlement of Tether.
This also gives rise to the weirdness of “gas tokens” - assets whose utility as money is and only is in the form of a transaction fee to transact a different kind of money. These are not quite as stupid as a “utility token,” given at least they are clearly fulfilling a monetary role and hence their artificial scarcity can be justified. But they are frustrating from Bitcoiners’ and users’ perspectives alike: users would prefer to pay transaction fees on dollars in dollars, but they can’t because the value of Ether, Sol, Tron, or whatever, is the string and bubblegum that hold their boondoggles together. And Bitcoiners wish this stuff would just go away and stop distracting people, whereas this string and bubblegum is proving transiently useful.
All in all, today’s approach is fine so long as it isn’t being used much. It has product-market fit, sure, but in the unenviable circumstance that, if it really starts to take off, it will break, and even the original users will find it unusable.
2) Today’s Approach to Stablecoins Creates an Untenable Market Dynamic
Reviving the ethos of you don’t need a blockchain for that, notice the following subtlety: while the tokens representing stablecoins have value to users, that value is not native to the blockchain on which they are issued. Tether can (and routinely does) burn tokens on Ethereum and mint them on Tron, then burn on Tron and mint on Solana, and so on. So-called blockchains “go down” and nobody really cares. This makes no difference whatsoever to Tether’s own accounting, and arguably a positive difference to users given these actions track market demand. But it is detrimental to the blockchain being switched away from by stripping it of “TVL” that, it turns out, was only using it as rails: entirely exogenous value that leaves as quickly as it arrived.
One underdiscussed and underappreciated implication of the fact that no value is natively running through the blockchain itself is that, in the current scheme, both the sender and receiver of a stablecoin have to trust the same issuer. This creates an extremely powerful network effect that, in theory, makes the first-to-market likely to dominate and in practice has played out exactly as this theory would suggest: Tether has roughly 80% of the issuance, while roughly 19% goes to the political carve-out of USDC that wouldn’t exist at all were it not for government interference. Everybody else combined makes up the final 1%.
So, Tether is a full reserve bank but also has to be everybody’s bank. This is the source of a lot of the discomfort with Tether, and which feeds into the original objection around dollar hegemony, that there is an ill-defined but nonetheless uneasy feeling that Tether is slowly morphing into a CBDC. I would argue this really has nothing to do with Tether’s own behavior but rather is a consequence of the market dynamic inevitably created by the current stablecoin scheme. There is no reason to trust any other bank because nobody really wants a bank, they just want the rails. They want something that will retain a nominal dollar value long enough to spend it again. They don’t care what tech it runs on and they don’t even really care about the issuer except insofar as having some sense they won’t get rugged.
Notice this is not how fiat works. Banks can, of course, settle between each other, thus enabling their users to send money to customers of other banks. This settlement function is actually the entire point of central banks, less the money printing and general corruption enabled (we might say, this was the historical point of central banks, which have since become irredeemably corrupted by this power). This process is clunkier than stablecoins, as covered above, but the very possibility of settlement means there is no gigantic network effect to being the first commercial issuer of dollar balances. If it isn’t too triggering to this audience, one might suggest that the money printer also removes the residual concern that your balances might get rugged! (or, we might again say, you guarantee you don’t get rugged in the short term by guaranteeing you do get rugged in the long term).
This is a good point at which to introduce the unsettling observation that broader fintech is catching on to the benefits of stablecoins without any awareness whatsoever of all the limitations I am outlining here. With the likes of Stripe, Wise, Robinhood, and, post-Trump, even many US megabanks supposedly contemplating issuing stablecoins (obviously within the current scheme, not the scheme I am building up to proposing), we are forced to boggle our minds considering how on earth settlement is going to work. Are they going to settle through Ether? Well, no, because i) Ether isn’t money, it’s … to be honest, I don’t think anybody really knows what it is supposed to be, or if they once did they aren’t pretending anymore, but anyway, Stripe certainly hasn’t figured that out yet so, ii) it won’t be possible to issue them on layer 1s as soon as there is any meaningful volume, meaning they will have to route through “bullshit layer 2 wrapped Ether token that is really already a kind of stablecoin for Ether.”
The way they are going to try to fix this (anybody wanna bet?) is routing through DEXes, which is so painfully dumb you should be laughing and, if you aren’t, I would humbly suggest you don’t get just how dumb it is. What this amounts to is plugging the gap of Ether’s lack of moneyness (and wrapped Ether’s hilarious lack of moneyness) with … drum roll … unknowable technical and counterparty risk and unpredictable cost on top of reverting to just being a database. So, in other words, all of the costs of using a blockchain when you don’t strictly need to, and none of the benefits. Stripe is going to waste billions of dollars getting sandwich attacked out of some utterly vanilla FX settlement it is facilitating for clients who have even less of an idea what is going on and why North Korea now has all their money, and will eventually realize they should have skipped their shitcoin phase and gone straight to understanding Bitcoin instead …
3) Bitcoin (and Taproot Assets) Fixes This
To tie together a few loose ends, I only threw in the hilariously stupid suggestion of settling through wrapped Ether on Ether on Ether in order to tee up the entirely sensible suggestion of settling through Lightning. Again, not that this will be new to this audience, but while issuance schemes have been around on Bitcoin for a long time, the breakthrough of Taproot Assets is essentially the ability to atomically route through Lightning.
I will admit upfront that this presents a massive bootstrapping challenge relative to the ex-Bitcoin Crypto approach, and it’s not obvious to me if or how this will be overcome. I include this caveat to make it clear I am not suggesting this is a given. It may not be, it’s just beyond the scope of this post (or frankly my ability) to predict. This is a problem for Lightning Labs, Tether, and whoever else decides to step up to issue. But even highlighting this as an obvious and major concern invites us to consider an intriguing contrast: scaling TA stablecoins is hardest at the start and gets easier and easier thereafter. The more edge liquidity there is in TA stables, the less of a risk it is for incremental issuance; the more TA activity, the more attractive deploying liquidity is into Lightning proper, and vice versa. With apologies if this metaphor is even more confusing than it is helpful, one might conceive of the situation as being that there is massive inertia to bootstrap, but equally there could be positive feedback in driving the inertia to scale. Again, I have no idea, and it hasn’t happened yet in practice, but in theory it’s fun.
More importantly to this conversation, however, this is almost exactly the opposite dynamic to the current scheme on other blockchains, which is basically free to start, but gets more and more expensive the more people try to use it. One might say it antiscales (I don’t think that’s a real word, but if Taleb can do it, then I can do it too!).
Furthermore, the entire concept of “settling in Bitcoin” makes perfect sense both economically and technically: economically because Bitcoin is money, and technically because it can be locked in an HTLC and hence can enable atomic routing (i.e. because Lightning is a thing). This is clearly better than wrapped Eth on Eth on Eth or whatever, but, tantalisingly, is better than fiat too! The core message of the payments tome I may or may not one day write is (or will be) that fiat payments, while superficially efficient on the basis of centralized and hence costless ledger amendments, actually have a hidden cost in the form of interbank credit. Many readers will likely have heard me say this multiple times and in multiple settings but, contrary to popular belief, there is no such thing as a fiat debit. Even if styled as a debit, all fiat payments are credits and all have credit risk baked into their cost, even if that is obscured and pushed to the absolute foundational level of money printing to keep banks solvent and hence keep payment channels open.
Furthermore! this enables us to strip away the untenable market dynamic from the point above. The underappreciated and underdiscussed flip side of the drawback of the current dynamic that is effectively fixed by Taproot Assets is that there is no longer a mammoth network effect to a single issuer. Senders and receivers can trust different issuers (i.e. their own banks) because those banks can atomically settle a single payment over Lightning. This does not involve credit. It is arguably the only true debit in the world across both the relevant economic and technical criteria: it routes through money with no innate credit risk, and it does so atomically due to that money’s native properties.
Savvy readers may have picked up on a seed I planted a while back and which can now delightfully blossom:
This is what Visa was supposed to be!
Crucially, this is not what Visa is now. Visa today is pretty much the bank that is everybody’s counterparty, takes a small credit risk for the privilege, and oozes free cash flow bottlenecking global consumer payments.
But if you read both One From Many by Dee Hock (for a first person but pretty wild and extravagant take) and Electronic Value Exchange by David Stearns (for a third person, drier, but more analytical and historically contextualized take) or if you are just intimately familiar with the modern history of payments for whatever other reason, you will see that the role I just described for Lightning in an environment of unboundedly many banks issuing fiduciary media in the form of stablecoins is exactly what Dee Hock wanted to create when he envisioned Visa:
A neutral and open layer of value settlement enabling banks to create digital, interbank payment schemes for their customers at very low cost.
As it turns out, his vision was technically impossible with fiat, hence Visa, which started as a cooperative amongst member banks, was corrupted into a duopolistic for-profit rent seeker in curious parallel to the historical path of central banks …
4) eCash
To now push the argument to what I think is its inevitable conclusion, it’s worth being even more vigilant on the front of you don’t need a blockchain for that. I have argued that there is a role for a blockchain in providing a neutral settlement layer to enable true debits of stablecoins. But note this is just a fancy and/or stupid way of saying that Bitcoin is both the best money and is programmable, which we all knew anyway. The final step is realizing that, while TA is nice in terms of providing a kind of “on ramp” for global payments infrastructure as a whole to reorient around Lightning, there is some path dependence here in assuming (almost certainly correctly) that the familiarity of stablecoins as “RWA tokens on a blockchain” will be an important part of the lure.
But once that transition is complete, or is well on its way to being irreversible, we may as well come full circle and cut out tokens altogether. Again, you really don’t need a blockchain for that, and the residual appeal of better rails has been taken care of with the above massive detour through what I deem to be the inevitability of Lightning as a settlement layer. Just as USDT on Tron arguably has better moneyness than a JPMorgan balance, so a “stablecoin” as eCash has better moneyness than as a TA given it is cheaper, more private, and has more relevantly bearer properties (in other words, because it is cash). The technical detail that it can be hashlocked is really all you need to tie this all together. That means it can be atomically locked into a Lightning routed debit to the recipient of a different issuer (or “mint” in eCash lingo, but note this means the same thing as what we have been calling fully reserved banks). And the economic incentive is pretty compelling too because, for all their benefits, there is still a cost to TAs given they are issued onchain and they require asset-specific liquidity to route on Lightning. Once the rest of the tech is in place, why bother? Keep your Lightning connectivity and just become a mint.
What you get at that point is dramatically superior private database to JPMorgan with the dramatically superior public rails of Lightning. There is nothing left to desire from “a blockchain” besides what Bitcoin is fundamentally for in the first place: counterparty-risk-free value settlement.
And as a final point with a curious and pleasing echo to Dee Hock at Visa, Calle has made the point repeatedly that David Chaum’s vision for eCash, while deeply philosophical besides the technical details, was actually pretty much impossible to operate on fiat. From an eCash perspective, fiat stablecoins within the above infrastructure setup are a dramatic improvement on anything previously possible. But, of course, they are a slippery slope to Bitcoin regardless …
Objections Revisited
As a cherry on top, I think the objections I highlighted at the outset are now readily addressed – to the extent the reader believes what I am suggesting is more or less a technical and economic inevitability, that is. While, sure, I’m not particularly keen on giving the Treasury more avenues to sell its welfare-warfare shitcoin, on balance the likely development I’ve outlined is an enormous net positive: it’s going to sell these anyway so I prefer a strong economic incentive to steadily transition not only to Lightning as payment rails but eCash as fiduciary media, and to use “fintech” as a carrot to induce a slow motion bank run.
As alluded to above, once all this is in place, the final step to a Bitcoin standard becomes as simple as an individual’s decision to want Bitcoin instead of fiat. On reflection, this is arguably the easiest part! It's setting up all the tech that puts people off, so trojan-horsing them with “faster, cheaper payment rails” seems like a genius long-term strategy.
And as to “needing a blockchain” (or not), I hope that is entirely wrapped up at this point. The only blockchain you need is Bitcoin, but to the extent people are still confused by this (which I think will take decades more to fully unwind), we may as well lean into dazzling them with whatever innovation buzzwords and decentralization theatre they were going to fall for anyway before realizing they wanted Bitcoin all along.
Conclusion
Stablecoins are useful whether you like it or not. They are stupid in the abstract but it turns out fiat is even stupider, on inspection. But you don’t need a blockchain, and using one as decentralization theatre creates technical debt that is insurmountable in the long run. Blockchain-based stablecoins are doomed to a utility inversely proportional to their usage, and just to rub it in, their ill-conceived design practically creates a commercial dynamic that mandates there only ever be a single issuer.
Given they are useful, it seems natural that this tension is going to blow up at some point. It also seems worthwhile observing that Taproot Asset stablecoins have almost the inverse problem and opposite commercial dynamic: they will be most expensive to use at the outset but get cheaper and cheaper as their usage grows. Also, there is no incentive towards a monopoly issuer but rather towards as many as are willing to try to operate well and provide value to their users.
As such, we can expect any sizable growth in stablecoins to migrate to TA out of technical and economic necessity. Once this has happened - or possibly while it is happening but is clearly not going to stop - we may as well strip out the TA component and just use eCash because you really don’t need a blockchain for that at all. And once all the money is on eCash, deciding you want to denominate it in Bitcoin is the simplest on-ramp to hyperbitcoinization you can possibly imagine, given we’ve spent the previous decade or two rebuilding all payments tech around Lightning.
Or: Bitcoin fixes this. The End.
- Allen, #892,125
thanks to Marco Argentieri, Lyn Alden, and Calle for comments and feedback
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@ dbc27e2e:b1dd0b0b
2025-04-05 20:44:00
This method focuses on the amount of water in the first pour, which ultimately defines the coffee’s acidity and sweetness (more water = more acidity, less water = more sweetness). For the remainder of the brew, the water is divided into equal parts according to the strength you wish to attain.
Dose:
20g coffee (Coarse ground coffee) 300mL water (92°C / 197.6°F) Time: 3:30Instructions:
- Pour 1: 0:00 > 50mL (42% of 120mL = 40% of total – less water in the ratio, targeting sweetness.)
- Pour 2: 0:45 > 70mL (58% of 120mL = 40% of total – the top up for 40% of total.)
- Pour 3: 1:30 > 60mL (The remaining water is 180mL / 3 pours = 60mL per pour)
- Pour 4: 2:10 > 60mL
- Pour 5: 2:40 > 60mL
- Remove the V60 at 3:30
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@ 8d34bd24:414be32b
2025-04-30 04:55:06
My post on the signs of the End Times according to Jesus got way too long. It was too long to email, so I had to split it into two posts. I recommend reading Part 1 before continuing. You also may want to read my post Signs of the Times: Can We Know? I also want to reiterate my caveat. Although I believe the signs suggests the Rapture and the Tribulation are coming soon, no one can know the exact hour or day, so I can’t say exactly what soon means (days, months, years, decades, or possibly more).
As a review here is the primary passage where Jesus answers His disciples’ question “What will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end of the age?” Below the passage is the 8 signs He gave. We will pick up with point 5.
Jesus’s Signs of the End
As He was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to Him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things happen, and what will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end of the age?”
And Jesus answered and said to them, “See to it that no one misleads you. For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will mislead many. You will be hearing of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not frightened, for those things must take place, but that is not yet the end. For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and in various places there will be famines and earthquakes. But all these things are merely the beginning of birth pangs.
“Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name. At that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another. Many false prophets will arise and will mislead many. Because lawlessness is increased, most people’s love will grow cold. But the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come. (Matthew 24:3-14) {emphasis mine}
Here is my summary of the signs Jesus said would identify the coming of the 7 year Tribulation:
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Wars and rumors of wars. (Matthew 24:6a)
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Famines (Matthew 24:7)
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Earthquakes (Matthew 24:7).
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Israel will be attacked and will be hated by all nations (Matthew 24:9)
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Falling away from Jesus (Matthew 24:10)
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Many Misled (Matthew 24:10)
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People’s love will grow cold (Matthew 24:12)
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Gospel will be preached to the whole world (Matthew 24:14)
The first 4 signs relate more to physical and political signs that the end times are near. The last 4 signs relate to spiritual matters.
5. Falling away from Jesus
One thing we are definitely seeing today is a falling away. This is most prevalent in the historically Christian Western nations in Europe and North America (and to a lesser, but significant, extent South America).
But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons, by means of the hypocrisy of liars seared in their own conscience as with a branding iron, men who forbid marriage and advocate abstaining from foods which God has created to be gratefully shared in by those who believe and know the truth. (1 Timothy 4:1-3) {emphasis mine}
For centuries Europe and North America were full of Christians or at least cultural Christians. Today that is no longer true. Christians are even being considered the hateful, criminal class and things like praying outside an abortion clinic is being punished with jail time. The Western nations can no longer be called Christian nations.
There are still a relatively large number of Americans who call themselves Christians, but the majority do not have a biblical worldview or live lives more like Christ than non-Christians.
“Seven out of 10 US adults call themselves “Christians” and yet only 6 in 100 (6%) actually have a biblical worldview.” In general, most Christian’s worldview does not align with the Bible, according to George Barna Surveys. In the most recent survey they found:
Many self-proclaimed Christians tend to believe a form of syncretism where they combine certain biblical principles with cultural ideas, scientism, and other religions to make “Christianity” into whatever they want to believe, just as the Bible predicted almost 2,000 years ago.I solemnly charge you in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who is to judge the living and the dead, and by His appearing and His kingdom: preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort, with great patience and instruction. For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but wanting to have their ears tickled, they will accumulate for themselves teachers in accordance to their own desires, and will turn away their ears from the truth and will turn aside to myths. (2 Timothy 4:1-4) {emphasis mine}
This is both a sign of the end times and something to watch in our own lives. I pray you will analyze your own life and beliefs in the light of the Bible to make sure you aren’t integrating unbiblical principles into your worldview.
6. Many Misled
Closely related to the falling away is that many will be misled. We have reached the point that the majority of so-called churches teach ideas and principles contrary to the Bible. They focus more on entertainment, self-help, and making everyone feel good about themselves instead of teaching of sin and the need for forgiveness or teaching how to live lives honoring to Christ. Preaching obedience to God has become anathema in most churches.
I am amazed that you are so quickly deserting Him who called you by the grace of Christ, for a different gospel; which is really not another; only there are some who are disturbing you and want to distort the gospel of Christ. But even if we, or an angel from heaven, should preach to you a gospel contrary to what we have preached to you, he is to be accursed! As we have said before, so I say again now, if any man is preaching to you a gospel contrary to what you received, he is to be accursed! (Galatians 1:6-9) {emphasis mine}
We are also lied to and/or misled by politicians, scientists, the media, and the culture in general. We are told that science has disproven the Bible, despite the fact that nothing of the sort has occurred. (See my series on a literal Genesis for some details. icr.org and aig.org are also good resources). Peter warned of this very view.
Know this first of all, that in the last days mockers will come with their mocking, following after their own lusts, and saying, “Where is the promise of His coming? For ever since the fathers fell asleep, all continues just as it was from the beginning of creation.” For when they maintain this, it escapes their notice that by the word of God the heavens existed long ago and the earth was formed out of water and by water, through which the world at that time was destroyed, being flooded with water. But by His word the present heavens and earth are being reserved for fire, kept for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly men. (2 Peter 3:3-7) {emphasis mine}
God warned us that the last days would be far enough into the future that people would begin to mock the coming of the Tribulation & Millennium and deny the clear truths spoken of in the Bible. We are seeing this everywhere today.
We are also warned to be alert to deception so we, believers, are not misled.
Now we request you, brethren, with regard to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our gathering together to Him, that you not be quickly shaken from your composure or be disturbed either by a spirit or a message or a letter as if from us, to the effect that the day of the Lord has come. Let no one in any way deceive you, for it will not come unless the apostasy comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of destruction, who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God. (2 Thessalonians 2:1-4) {emphasis mine}
7. People’s love will grow cold
You can feel love growing cold day by day. We no longer have community that works together, but have been broken into groups to fight against one another. Instead of friendly, logical debate with those with whom we disagree, we have name calling, hate, and even violence. Children have been taught to hate their parents and parents have been taught to not value children and to murder them for convenience. The church has been split into so many different denominations that I don’t know if it is possible to know what they all are and many are fighting in hateful manner against each other. Hate, depression, and selfishness seem to have taken over the world.
But realize this, that in the last days difficult times will come. For men will be lovers of self, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, revilers, disobedient to parents, ungrateful, unholy, unloving, irreconcilable, malicious gossips, without self-control, brutal, haters of good, treacherous, reckless, conceited, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God, holding to a form of godliness, although they have denied its power; Avoid such men as these. (2 Timothy 3:1-5) {emphasis mine}
Yes, spiritually and physically we are a basket case and it feels like the world is literally falling apart around us. This was predicted almost 2,000 years ago and is all according to God’s perfect plan. Most people turn to God in hard times and we have those in abundance. We do not need to despair, but need to turn to God and lean on Him for wisdom, faith, and peace. This is the birth pangs before the Tribulation and the Second coming of Jesus Christ. The news isn’t all bad, though.
8. Gospel preached to the whole world
The really good news is that the Gospel is being preached around the world. Parts of the world that had never heard the Gospel are hearing it and turning to Jesus.
All the ends of the earth will remember and turn to the Lord , And all the families of the nations will worship before You. (Psalm 22:27) {emphasis mine}
Wycliffe Bible translators is hoping to have at least started Bible translation in every active language by the end of this year (2025)
He says, “It is too small a thing that You should be My Servant To raise up the tribes of Jacob and to restore the preserved ones of Israel; I will also make You a light of the nations So that My salvation may reach to the end of the earth.” (Isaiah 49:6) {emphasis mine}
The Joshua Project tracks nations and people groups to determine which have been reached and which have not. It still looks like there is a large portion of the population that has not received the Gospel, but I also know people who are or have shared the Gospel to some of these people, so this map doesn’t mean that there are no Christians or that the Gospel has not been shared at all, but it does mean many people in these areas have not heard the Gospel and/or, that due to hatred of Christians, it is dangerous to share the Gospel and therefore has to be done slowly, carefully, and privately. Most of these unreached or barely reached people groups are areas that are predominantly Muslim, where those preaching the Gospel or those converting to Christianity are at risk of jail or death sentences.
As you can see, everything that Jesus said would come before the end is either escalating or here. We need to be ready and work to bring as many people to Christ as possible while we still have the opportunity because Jesus could come for us at any moment.Share the Gospel with all those around you. Consider supporting missionaries, especially those going to unreached/least-reached areas. Maybe even consider becoming a missionary yourself. The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few.
May the God of heaven give us a heart for the lost around the world. May He give us the courage to share the Gospel with all those around us. May He align our priorities with His priorities, so we can be useful tools in the hands of God almighty.
Trust Jesus.
FYI, I hope to write several more articles on the end times (signs of the times, the rapture, the millennium, and the judgement), but I might be a bit slow rolling them out because I want to make sure they are accurate and well supported by Scripture. You can see my previous posts on the end times on the end times tab at trustjesus.substack.com. I also frequently will list upcoming posts.
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@ 1f79058c:eb86e1cb
2025-05-04 09:34:30
I think we should agree on an HTML element for pointing to the Nostr representation of a document/URL on the Web. We could use the existing one for link relations for example:
html <link rel="alternate" type="application/nostr+json" href="nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4..." title="This article on Nostr" />This would be useful in multiple ways:
- Nostr clients, when fetching meta/preview information for a URL that is linked in a note, can detect that there's a Nostr representation of the content, and then render it in Nostr-native ways (whatever that may be depending on the client)
- User agents, usually a browser or browser extension, when opening a URL on the Web, can offer opening the alternative representation of a page in a Nostr client. And/or they could offer to follow the author's pubkey on Nostr. And/or they could offer to zap the content.
- When publishing a new article, authors can share their preferred Web URL everywhere, without having to consider if the reader knows about or uses Nostr at all. However, if a Nostr user finds the Web version of an article outside of Nostr, they can now easily jump to the Nostr version of it.
- Existing Web publications can retroactively create Nostr versions of their content and easily link the Nostr articles on all of their existing article pages without having to add prominent Nostr links everywhere.
There are probably more use cases, like Nostr search engines and whatnot. If you can think of something interesting, please tell me.
Update: I came up with another interesting use case, which is adding alternate links to RSS and Atom feeds.
Proof of concept
In order to show one way in which this could be used, I have created a small Web Extension called Nostr Links, which will discover alternate Nostr links on the pages you visit.
If it finds one or more links, it will show a purple Nostr icon in the address bar, which you can click to open the list of links. It's similar to e.g. the Feed Preview extension, and also to what the Tor Browser does when it discovers an Onion-Location for the page you're looking at:
The links in this popup menu will be
web+nostr:links, because browsers currently do not allow web apps or extensions to handle unprefixednostr:links. (I hope someone is working on getting those on par withipfs:etc.)Following such a link will either open your default Nostr Web app, if you have already configured one, or it will ask you which Web app to open the link with.
Caveat emptor: At the time of writing, my personal default Web app, noStrudel, needs a new release for the links to find the content.
Try it now
Have a look at the source code and/or download the extension (currently only for Firefox).
I have added alternate Nostr links to the Web pages of profiles and long-form content on the Kosmos relay's domain. It's probably the only place on the Web, which will trigger the extension right now.
You can look at this very post to find an alternate link for example.
Update: A certain fiatjaf has added the element to his personal website, which is built entirely from Nostr articles. Multiple other devs also expressed their intent to implement.
Update 2: There is now a pull request for documenting this approach in two existing NIPs. Your feedback is welcome there.
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@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8
2025-05-04 08:30:56
Am Ende der Woche von Unseremeinungsfreiheit wird in der Unserehauptstadt von Unserdeutschland, Unserberlin, voraussichtlich der neue Unserbundeskanzler vereidigt.
Der Schwur des voraussichtlich nächsten Unserbundeskanzlers sollte aktualisiert werden:
Jetzt, wo endlich mein Traum in Erfüllung geht, nur einmal im Leben Unserbundeskanzler zu werden, zahlen sich für mich alle Tricks und Kniffe aus, die ich angewendet habe, um unter allen Umständen in diese Position zu kommen.
Ich schwöre, dass ich meine Kraft meinem Wohle widmen, meinen Nutzen mehren, nach Vorbild meines Vorgängers Schaden von mir wenden, das Grundgesetz und die Gesetze des Unserbundes formen, meine Pflichten unsergewissenhaft erfüllen und Unseregerechtigkeit gegen jedermann und jederfrau nicht nur üben, sondern unter allen Umständen auch durchsetzen werde, die sich mir bei der Umsetzung der Vorstellungen von Unseredemokratie in den Weg stellen. (So wahr mir wer auch immer helfe).
Der Antrittsbesuch des Unserbundeskanzlers beim Repräsentanten der noch in Unserdeutschland präsenten Besatzungsmacht wird mit Spannung erwartet.
Ein großer Teil der Unsereminister ist schon bekannt. Die Auswahl verspricht viele Unsereüberraschungen.
Die Unsereeinheitspartei, bestehend aus ehemaligen Volksparteien, wird weiterhin dafür sorgen, dass die Nicht-Unsereopposition so wenig wie möglich Einfluss erhält, obwohl sie von den Nicht-Unserebürgern, die mindestens ein Viertel der Urnengänger ausmachen, voll-demokratisch gewählt wurde.
Das Zentralkomitee der Deutschen Unseredemokratischen Bundesrepublik wird zum Wohle seiner Unserebürger alles daransetzen, Unseredemokratie weiter voranzubringen und hofft auch weiterhin auf die Unterstützung von Unser-öffentlich-rechtlicher-Rundfunk.
Die Unserepressefreiheit wird auch weiterhin garantiert.
Auf die Verlautbarungen der Unserepressekonferenz, besetzt mit frischem Unserpersonal, brauchen die Insassen von Unserdeutschland auch weiterhin nicht zu verzichten.
Alles, was nicht gesichert unserdemokratisch ist, gilt als gesichert rechtsextrem.
Als Maxime gilt für alles Handeln: Es muss unter allen Umständen demokratisch aussehen, aber wir (die Unseredemokraten) müssen alles in der Hand haben.
Es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass Unsersondervermögen von den Unserdemokraten zurückgezahlt wird. Dieser Vorzug ist den Unserebürgern und den Nicht-Unserebürgern durch Unseresteuerzahlungen vorbehalten.
Die Unserebundeswehr soll aufgebaut werden (Baut auf, baut auf!), die Unsererüstungsindustrie läuft auf Hochtouren und soll Unserdeutschland wieder unserkriegstüchtig machen, weil Russland immer Unserfeind sein wird.
Von Unserdeutschland soll nur noch Unserfrieden ausgehen.
Zur Bekräftigung, dass alles seinen unser-sozialistischen Gang geht, tauchte die Phoenix*in aus der Asche auf, in dem Unseremutti kürzlich ihren legendären Satz wiederholte:
Wir schaffen das.
Ob damit der endgültige wirtschaftliche Untergang und die Vollendung der gesellschaftlichen Spaltung von Unserdeutschland gemeint war, ist nicht überliefert.
Orwellsche Schlussfolgerung:
Wir = unser
Ihr = Euer
Vogel und Maus passen nicht zusammen
Ausgerichtet auf Ruinen und der Zukunft abgewandt, Uneinigkeit und Unrecht und Unfreiheit für das deutsche Unserland.
Unserdeutschland – ein Land mit viel Vergangenheit und wenig Zukunft?
Es ist zum Heulen.
Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben
* *
(Bild von pixabay)
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@ c631e267:c2b78d3e
2025-04-04 18:47:27
Zwei mal drei macht vier, \ widewidewitt und drei macht neune, \ ich mach mir die Welt, \ widewide wie sie mir gefällt. \ Pippi Langstrumpf
Egal, ob Koalitionsverhandlungen oder politischer Alltag: Die Kontroversen zwischen theoretisch verschiedenen Parteien verschwinden, wenn es um den Kampf gegen politische Gegner mit Rückenwind geht. Wer den Alteingesessenen die Pfründe ernsthaft streitig machen könnte, gegen den werden nicht nur «Brandmauern» errichtet, sondern der wird notfalls auch strafrechtlich verfolgt. Doppelstandards sind dabei selbstverständlich inklusive.
In Frankreich ist diese Woche Marine Le Pen wegen der Veruntreuung von EU-Geldern von einem Gericht verurteilt worden. Als Teil der Strafe wurde sie für fünf Jahre vom passiven Wahlrecht ausgeschlossen. Obwohl das Urteil nicht rechtskräftig ist – Le Pen kann in Berufung gehen –, haben die Richter das Verbot, bei Wahlen anzutreten, mit sofortiger Wirkung verhängt. Die Vorsitzende des rechtsnationalen Rassemblement National (RN) galt als aussichtsreiche Kandidatin für die Präsidentschaftswahl 2027.
Das ist in diesem Jahr bereits der zweite gravierende Fall von Wahlbeeinflussung durch die Justiz in einem EU-Staat. In Rumänien hatte Călin Georgescu im November die erste Runde der Präsidentenwahl überraschend gewonnen. Das Ergebnis wurde später annulliert, die behauptete «russische Wahlmanipulation» konnte jedoch nicht bewiesen werden. Die Kandidatur für die Wahlwiederholung im Mai wurde Georgescu kürzlich durch das Verfassungsgericht untersagt.
Die Veruntreuung öffentlicher Gelder muss untersucht und geahndet werden, das steht außer Frage. Diese Anforderung darf nicht selektiv angewendet werden. Hingegen mussten wir in der Vergangenheit bei ungleich schwerwiegenderen Fällen von (mutmaßlichem) Missbrauch ganz andere Vorgehensweisen erleben, etwa im Fall der heutigen EZB-Chefin Christine Lagarde oder im «Pfizergate»-Skandal um die Präsidentin der EU-Kommission Ursula von der Leyen.
Wenngleich derartige Angelegenheiten formal auf einer rechtsstaatlichen Grundlage beruhen mögen, so bleibt ein bitterer Beigeschmack. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob und inwieweit die Justiz politisch instrumentalisiert wird. Dies ist umso interessanter, als die Gewaltenteilung einen essenziellen Teil jeder demokratischen Ordnung darstellt, während die Bekämpfung des politischen Gegners mit juristischen Mitteln gerade bei den am lautesten rufenden Verteidigern «unserer Demokratie» populär zu sein scheint.
Die Delegationen von CDU/CSU und SPD haben bei ihren Verhandlungen über eine Regierungskoalition genau solche Maßnahmen diskutiert. «Im Namen der Wahrheit und der Demokratie» möchte man noch härter gegen «Desinformation» vorgehen und dafür zum Beispiel den Digital Services Act der EU erweitern. Auch soll der Tatbestand der Volksverhetzung verschärft werden – und im Entzug des passiven Wahlrechts münden können. Auf europäischer Ebene würde Friedrich Merz wohl gerne Ungarn das Stimmrecht entziehen.
Der Pegel an Unzufriedenheit und Frustration wächst in großen Teilen der Bevölkerung kontinuierlich. Arroganz, Machtmissbrauch und immer abstrusere Ausreden für offensichtlich willkürliche Maßnahmen werden kaum verhindern, dass den etablierten Parteien die Unterstützung entschwindet. In Deutschland sind die Umfrageergebnisse der AfD ein guter Gradmesser dafür.
[Vorlage Titelbild: Pixabay]
Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.
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@ c1e6505c:02b3157e
2025-04-30 02:50:55
Photography, to me, is a game - a game of snatching absurd, beautiful, fleeting moments from life. Anything staged or overly polished falls into what Garry Winogrand nails as “illustration work.” I’m with him on that. Photography is about staying awake to the world, to the “physical reality” or circumstances we’re steeped in, and burning that light onto film emulsion (or pixels now), locking a moment into matter forever. It’s not like painting, where brushstrokes mimic what’s seen, felt, or imagined. Photography captures photons - light itself - and turns it into something tangible. The camera, honestly, doesn’t get enough credit for being such a wild invention.
Lately, I’ve been chewing on what to do with a batch of new photos I’ve shot over the past month, which includes photographs from a film project, a trip to Manhattan and photos of David Byrne (more on that in another post). Maybe it's another photo-zine that I should make. It’s been a minute since my last one, Hiding in Hudson (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7_t0OldrTk&t=339s). Putting out printed work like zines or books is killer practice — it forces you to sharpen your compositions, your vision, your whole deal as a photographer. Proof of work, you know?
This leads to a question: anyone out there down to help or collab on printing a photo-zine? I’d love to keep it DIY, steering clear of big companies.
In the spirit of getting back into a rhythm of daily shooting, here are a few recent shots from the past few days. Just wandering aimlessly around my neighborhood — bike rides, grocery runs, wherever I end up.
Camera used: Leica M262
Edited with: Lightroom + Dehancer Film
*Support my work and the funding for my new zine by sending a few sats: colincz@getalby.com *
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@ 7bdef7be:784a5805
2025-04-02 12:12:12
We value sovereignty, privacy and security when accessing online content, using several tools to achieve this, like open protocols, open OSes, open software products, Tor and VPNs.
The problem
Talking about our social presence, we can manually build up our follower list (social graph), pick a Nostr client that is respectful of our preferences on what to show and how, but with the standard following mechanism, our main feed is public, so everyone can actually snoop what we are interested in, and what is supposable that we read daily.
The solution
Nostr has a simple solution for this necessity: encrypted lists. Lists are what they appear, a collection of people or interests (but they can also group much other stuff, see NIP-51). So we can create lists with contacts that we don't have in our main social graph; these lists can be used primarily to create dedicated feeds, but they could have other uses, for example, related to monitoring. The interesting thing about lists is that they can also be encrypted, so unlike the basic following list, which is always public, we can hide the lists' content from others. The implications are obvious: we can not only have a more organized way to browse content, but it is also really private one.
One might wonder what use can really be made of private lists; here are some examples:
- Browse “can't miss” content from users I consider a priority;
- Supervise competitors or adversarial parts;
- Monitor sensible topics (tags);
- Following someone without being publicly associated with them, as this may be undesirable;
The benefits in terms of privacy as usual are not only related to the casual, or programmatic, observer, but are also evident when we think of how many bots scan our actions to profile us.
The current state
Unfortunately, lists are not widely supported by Nostr clients, and encrypted support is a rarity. Often the excuse to not implement them is that they are harder to develop, since they require managing the encryption stuff (NIP-44). Nevertheless, developers have an easier option to start offering private lists: give the user the possibility to simply mark them as local-only, and never push them to the relays. Even if the user misses the sync feature, this is sufficient to create a private environment.
To date, as far as I know, the best client with list management is Gossip, which permits to manage both encrypted and local-only lists.
Beg your Nostr client to implement private lists!
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@ b2caa9b3:9eab0fb5
2025-05-04 08:20:46
Hey friends,
Exciting news – I’m currently setting up my very first Discord server!
This space will be all about my travels, behind-the-scenes stories, photo sharing, and practical tips and insights from the road. My goal is to make it the central hub connecting all my decentralized social platforms where I can interact with you more directly, and share exclusive content.
Since I’m just starting out, I’d love to hear from you:
Do you know any useful RSS-feed integrations for updates?
Can you recommend any cool Discord bots for community engagement or automation?
Are there any tips or features you think I must include?
The idea is to keep everything free and accessible, and to grow a warm, helpful community around the joy of exploring the world.
It’s my first time managing a Discord server, so your experience and suggestions would mean a lot. Leave a comment – I’m all ears!
Thanks for your support, Ruben Storm
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@ 86dfbe73:628cef55
2025-05-04 06:56:33
Building A Second Brain (BASB) ist eine Methode, mit der man Ideen, Einsichten und Vernetzungen, die man durch seine Erfahrungen gewonnen hat, systematisch speichert und die jeder Zeit abrufbar sind. Kurz, BASB erweitert das Gedächtnis mit Hilfe moderner digitaler Werkzeuge und Netzwerke. Die Kernidee ist, dass man durch diese Verlagerung sein biologisches Gehirn befreit, um frei denken zu können, seiner Kreativität freien Lauf zu geben oder einfach im Moment sein kann.
Die Methode besteht aus drei Grundschritten: dem Sammeln von Ideen und Erkenntnissen, dem Vernetzen dieser Ideen und Erkenntnisse und dem Erschaffen konkreter Ergebnisse.
Sammeln: Der erste Schritt beim Aufbau eines Second Brains ist das «Sammeln» der Ideen und Erkenntnisse, die genug wichtig oder interessant sind, um sie festzuhalten. Dafür wird als Organisationsstruktur P.A.R.A empfohlen.
Vernetzen: Sobald man angefangen hat, sein persönliches Wissen strukturiert zu sammeln, wird man anfangen, Muster und Verbindungen zwischen den Ideen und Erkenntnissen zu erkennen. Ab dieser Stelle verwende ich parallel die Zettelkastenmethode (ZKM)
Erschaffen: All das Erfassen, Zusammenfassen, Verbinden und Strukturieren haben letztlich das Ziel: Konkrete Ergebnisse in der realen Welt zu erschaffen.
PARA ist die Organisationsstruktur, die auf verschiedenen Endgeräten einsetzt werden kann, um digitale Informationen immer nach dem gleichen Schema abzulegen. Seien es Informationen, Notizen, Grafiken, Videos oder Dateien, alles hat seinen festen Platz und kann anhand von vier Kategorien bzw. „Buckets“ kategorisiert werden.
PARA steht dabei für: * Projekte * Areas * Ressourcen * Archiv
Projekte (engl. Projects) sind kurzfristige Bemühungen in Arbeit und Privatleben. Sie sind das, woran Du aktuell arbeitest. Sie haben einige für die Arbeit förderliche Eigenschaften: * Sie haben einen Anfang und ein Ende (im Gegensatz zu einem Hobby oder einem Verantwortungsbereich). * Sie haben ein konkretes Ergebnis, dass erreicht werden soll und bestehen aus konkreten Schritten, die nötig und zusammen hinreichend sind, um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, entspricht GTD von David Allen
Verantwortungsbereiche (engl. Areas) betreffen alles, was man langfristig im Blick behalten will. Sie unterscheidet von Projekten, dass man bei ihnen kein Ziel verfolgt, sondern einem Standard halten will. Sie sind dementsprechend nicht befristet. Man könnte sagen, dass sie einen Anspruch an uns selbst und unsere Lebenswelt darstellen.
Ressourcen (engl. Resources) sind Themen, die allenfalls langfristig relevant oder nützlich werden könnten. Sie sind eine Sammelkategorie für alles, was weder Projekt noch Verantwortungsbereich ist. Es sind: * Themen, die interessant sind. (English: Topic) * Untersuchungsgegenständige, die man erforschen will. (Englisch: Subject) * Nützliche Informationen für den späteren Gebrauch.
Das Archiv ist für alles Inaktive aus den obigen drei Kategorien. Es ist ein Lager für Beendetes und Aufgeschobenes.
Das System PARA ist eine nach zeitlicher Handlungsrelevanz angeordnete Ablage. Projekte kommen vor den Verantwortungsbereichen, weil sie einen kurz- bis mittelfristigen Zeithorizont haben, Verantwortungsbereiche dagegen einen unbegrenzten Zeithorizont. Ressourcen und Archiv bilden die Schlusslichter, weil sie gewöhnlich weder Priorität haben, noch dringend sind.
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@ 99895004:c239f905
2025-04-30 01:43:05
Yes, FINALLY, we are extremely excited to announce support for nostr.build (blossom.band) on Primal! Decades in the making, billions of people have been waiting, and now it’s available! But it’s not just any integration, it is the next level of decentralized media hosting for Nostr. Let us explain. Primal is an advanced Twitter/X like client for Nostr and is probably the fastest up-and-coming, highly used Nostr app available for iOS, Android and the web. Nostr.build is a very popular media hosting service for Nostr that can be used standalone or integrated into many Nostr apps using nip-96. This is an extremely feature rich, tested and proven integration we recommend for most applications, but it’s never been available on Primal.
And then, Blossom was born, thank you Hzrd149! Blossom is a Nostr media hosting protocol that makes it extremely easy for Nostr clients to integrate a media host, and for users of Blossom media hosts (even an in-house build) to host on any Nostr client. Revolutionary, right! Use whatever host you want on any client you want, the flexible beauty of Nostr. But there is an additional feature to Blossom that is key, mirroring.
One of the biggest complaints to media hosting on Nostr is, if a media hosting service goes down, so does all of the media hosted on that service. No bueno, and defeats the whole decentralized idea behind Nostr.. This has always been a hard problem to solve until Blossom mirroring came along. Mirroring allows a single media upload to be hosted on multiple servers using its hash, or unique media identifier. This way, if a media host goes down, the media is still available and accessible on the other host.
So, we are not only announcing support of nostr.build’s blossom.band on the Primal app, we are also announcing the first known fully integrated implementation of mirroring with multiple media hosts on Nostr. Try it out for yourself! Go to the settings of your Primal web, iOS or Android app, choose ‘Media Servers’, enable ‘Media Mirrors’, and add https://blossom.band and https://blossom.primal.net as your Media server and Mirror, done!
Video here!
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@ ecda4328:1278f072
2025-03-26 12:06:30
When designing a highly available Kubernetes (or k3s) cluster, one of the key architectural questions is: "How many ETCD nodes should I run?"
A recent discussion in our team sparked this very debate. Someone suggested increasing our ETCD cluster size from 3 to more nodes, citing concerns about node failures and the need for higher fault tolerance. It’s a fair concern—nobody wants a critical service to go down—but here's why 3-node ETCD clusters are usually the sweet spot for most setups.
The Role of ETCD and Quorum
ETCD is a distributed key-value store used by Kubernetes to store all its state. Like most consensus-based systems (e.g., Raft), ETCD relies on quorum to operate. This means that more than half of the ETCD nodes must be online and in agreement for the cluster to function correctly.
What Quorum Means in Practice
- In a 3-node ETCD cluster, quorum is 2.
- In a 5-node cluster, quorum is 3.
⚠️ So yes, 5 nodes can tolerate 2 failures vs. just 1 in a 3-node setup—but you also need more nodes online to keep the system functional. More nodes doesn't linearly increase safety.
Why 3 Nodes is the Ideal Baseline
Running 3 ETCD nodes hits a great balance:
- Fault tolerance: 1 node can fail without issue.
- Performance: Fewer nodes = faster consensus and lower latency.
- Simplicity: Easier to manage, upgrade, and monitor.
Even the ETCD documentation recommends 3–5 nodes total, with 5 being the upper limit before write performance and operational complexity start to degrade.
Systems like Google's Chubby—which inspired systems like ETCD and ZooKeeper—also recommend no more than 5 nodes.
The Myth of Catastrophic Failure
"If two of our three ETCD nodes go down, the cluster will become unusable and need deep repair!"
This is a common fear, but the reality is less dramatic:
- ETCD becomes read-only: You can't schedule or update workloads, but existing workloads continue to run.
- No deep repair needed: As long as there's no data corruption, restoring quorum just requires bringing at least one other ETCD node back online.
- Still recoverable if two nodes are permanently lost: You can re-initialize the remaining node as a new single-node ETCD cluster using
--cluster-init, and rebuild from there.
What About Backups?
In k3s, ETCD snapshots are automatically saved by default. For example:
- Default path:
/var/lib/rancher/k3s/server/db/snapshots/
You can restore these snapshots in case of failure, making ETCD even more resilient.
When to Consider 5 Nodes
Adding more ETCD nodes only makes sense at scale, such as:
- Running 12+ total cluster nodes
- Needing stronger fault domains for regulatory/compliance reasons
Note: ETCD typically requires low-latency communication between nodes. Distributing ETCD members across availability zones or regions is generally discouraged unless you're using specialized networking and understand the performance implications.
Even then, be cautious—you're trading some simplicity and performance for that extra failure margin.
TL;DR
- 3-node ETCD clusters are the best choice for most Kubernetes/k3s environments.
- 5-node clusters offer more redundancy but come with extra complexity and performance costs.
- Loss of quorum is not a disaster—it’s recoverable.
- Backups and restore paths make even worst-case recovery feasible.
And finally: if you're seeing multiple ETCD nodes go down frequently, the real problem might not be the number of nodes—but your hosting provider.
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@ 266815e0:6cd408a5
2025-04-29 17:47:57
I'm excited to announce the release of Applesauce v1.0.0! There are a few breaking changes and a lot of improvements and new features across all packages. Each package has been updated to 1.0.0, marking a stable API for developers to build upon.
Applesauce core changes
There was a change in the
applesauce-corepackage in theQueryStore.The
Queryinterface has been converted to a method instead of an object withkeyandrunfields.A bunch of new helper methods and queries were added, checkout the changelog for a full list.
Applesauce Relay
There is a new
applesauce-relaypackage that provides a simple RxJS based api for connecting to relays and publishing events.Documentation: applesauce-relay
Features:
- A simple API for subscribing or publishing to a single relay or a group of relays
- No
connectorclosemethods, connections are managed automatically by rxjs - NIP-11
auth_requiredsupport - Support for NIP-42 authentication
- Prebuilt or custom re-connection back-off
- Keep-alive timeout (default 30s)
- Client-side Negentropy sync support
Example Usage: Single relay
```typescript import { Relay } from "applesauce-relay";
// Connect to a relay const relay = new Relay("wss://relay.example.com");
// Create a REQ and subscribe to it relay .req({ kinds: [1], limit: 10, }) .subscribe((response) => { if (response === "EOSE") { console.log("End of stored events"); } else { console.log("Received event:", response); } }); ```
Example Usage: Relay pool
```typescript import { Relay, RelayPool } from "applesauce-relay";
// Create a pool with a custom relay const pool = new RelayPool();
// Create a REQ and subscribe to it pool .req(["wss://relay.damus.io", "wss://relay.snort.social"], { kinds: [1], limit: 10, }) .subscribe((response) => { if (response === "EOSE") { console.log("End of stored events on all relays"); } else { console.log("Received event:", response); } }); ```
Applesauce actions
Another new package is the
applesauce-actionspackage. This package provides a set of async operations for common Nostr actions.Actions are run against the events in the
EventStoreand use theEventFactoryto create new events to publish.Documentation: applesauce-actions
Example Usage:
```typescript import { ActionHub } from "applesauce-actions";
// An EventStore and EventFactory are required to use the ActionHub import { eventStore } from "./stores.ts"; import { eventFactory } from "./factories.ts";
// Custom publish logic const publish = async (event: NostrEvent) => { console.log("Publishing", event); await app.relayPool.publish(event, app.defaultRelays); };
// The
publishmethod is optional for the asyncrunmethod to work const hub = new ActionHub(eventStore, eventFactory, publish); ```Once an
ActionsHubis created, you can use therunorexecmethods to execute actions:```typescript import { FollowUser, MuteUser } from "applesauce-actions/actions";
// Follow fiatjaf await hub.run( FollowUser, "3bf0c63fcb93463407af97a5e5ee64fa883d107ef9e558472c4eb9aaaefa459d", );
// Or use the
execmethod with a custom publish method await hub .exec( MuteUser, "3bf0c63fcb93463407af97a5e5ee64fa883d107ef9e558472c4eb9aaaefa459d", ) .forEach((event) => { // NOTE: Don't publish this event because we never want to mute fiatjaf // pool.publish(['wss://pyramid.fiatjaf.com/'], event) }); ```There are a log more actions including some for working with NIP-51 lists (private and public), you can find them in the reference
Applesauce loaders
The
applesauce-loaderspackage has been updated to support any relay connection libraries and not justrx-nostr.Before:
```typescript import { ReplaceableLoader } from "applesauce-loaders"; import { createRxNostr } from "rx-nostr";
// Create a new rx-nostr instance const rxNostr = createRxNostr();
// Create a new replaceable loader const replaceableLoader = new ReplaceableLoader(rxNostr); ```
After:
```typescript
import { Observable } from "rxjs"; import { ReplaceableLoader, NostrRequest } from "applesauce-loaders"; import { SimplePool } from "nostr-tools";
// Create a new nostr-tools pool const pool = new SimplePool();
// Create a method that subscribes using nostr-tools and returns an observable function nostrRequest: NostrRequest = (relays, filters, id) => { return new Observable((subscriber) => { const sub = pool.subscribe(relays, filters, { onevent: (event) => { subscriber.next(event); }, onclose: () => subscriber.complete(), oneose: () => subscriber.complete(), });
return () => sub.close();}); };
// Create a new replaceable loader const replaceableLoader = new ReplaceableLoader(nostrRequest); ```
Of course you can still use rx-nostr if you want:
```typescript import { createRxNostr } from "rx-nostr";
// Create a new rx-nostr instance const rxNostr = createRxNostr();
// Create a method that subscribes using rx-nostr and returns an observable function nostrRequest( relays: string[], filters: Filter[], id?: string, ): Observable
{ // Create a new oneshot request so it will complete when EOSE is received const req = createRxOneshotReq({ filters, rxReqId: id }); return rxNostr .use(req, { on: { relays } }) .pipe(map((packet) => packet.event)); } // Create a new replaceable loader const replaceableLoader = new ReplaceableLoader(nostrRequest); ```
There where a few more changes, check out the changelog
Applesauce wallet
Its far from complete, but there is a new
applesauce-walletpackage that provides a actions and queries for working with NIP-60 wallets.Documentation: applesauce-wallet
Example Usage:
```typescript import { CreateWallet, UnlockWallet } from "applesauce-wallet/actions";
// Create a new NIP-60 wallet await hub.run(CreateWallet, ["wss://mint.example.com"], privateKey);
// Unlock wallet and associated tokens/history await hub.run(UnlockWallet, { tokens: true, history: true }); ```
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@ bbb5dda0:f09e2747
2025-04-29 13:46:37
GitHub Actions (CI/CD) over Nostr
I Spent quite a bit of time on getting Nostr-based GitHub actions working. I have a basic runner implementation now, which i've reworked quite a bit when working with @dan on getting the front-end of it into gitworkshop.dev. We found that the nature of these jobs don't really lend itself to fit within the NIP-90 DVM spec.
What we have now: - A dvm-cicd-runner that - Advertises itself using NIP-89 announcements. - Takes a DVM request with: - repository - branch/ref - path to workflow file (
.yml) - job timeout (max duration) - 🥜 Cashu prepayment for the job timeout (to be refunded) - Pulls the repository and executes the provided workflow file - Sends logs in batches as partial job results - Publishes job results and gets displayed in gitworkshop - Gitworkshop.dev (all nostr:npub15qydau2hjma6ngxkl2cyar74wzyjshvl65za5k5rl69264ar2exs5cyejr work) UI that : - Shows available workflow runners. - Instructing + paying runner to execute workflow file - Displaying job status, live updating with the latest logs / autoscroll, all the stuff you'd expect - Neatly displaying past jobs for the current repositoryTODO'S + Ideas/vision
- TODO: refunding the unused minutes (job timeout - processing time) to the requester
- TODO: create seperate kinds/nip for worflow execution over nostr
- Create separate kinds for streaming arbitrary text data over nostr (line by line logs)
- automated git watchers for projects to kick of jobs
- Separate out workflow management stuff from gitworkshop.dev. A micro-app might serve better to manage runners for git projects etc and takes away pressure from gitworkshop.dev to do it all.
- Perhaps support just running .yaml files, without the requirement to have it in a git repo. Could just be a .yaml file on blossom.
TollGate
I spent most of my time working on TollGate. There's been a lot of back and forth to the drawing board to narrow down what the TollGate protocol looks like. I helped define some concepts on implementing a tollgate which we could use as language to discuss the different components that are part of a tollgate implementation. It helped us narrow down what was implementation and what is part of the protocol.
Current state of the project
- We have a website displaying the project: TollGate.me
- Worked on a basic android app for auto payments, validating we can auto-buy from tollgates by our phones
- Presented TollGate at @Sats 'n Facts
- There's a protocol draft, presented at SEC-04
- We've done workshops, people were able to turn an OpenWRT router into a TollGate
- Building and releasing TollGate as a singular OpenWRT package, installable on any compatible architecture
- Building and releasing TollGate OS v0.0.1 (prebuilt OpenWRT image), targeting a few specific routers
- First tollgate deployed in the wild!! (At a restaurant in Funchal, Madeira)
- Other developers started to make their own adjacent implementations, which decentralizes the protocol already
What's next:
- We're gathering useful real user feedback to be incorporated in OS v0.0.2 soon
- Refine the protocol further
- Showing TollGate at various conferences in Europe throughout the summer
- Keep building the community, it's growing fast
Epoxy (Nostr based Addressing)
Although i've pivoted towards focusing on TollGate I worked out an implementation of my NIP-(1)37 proposal. During SEC-04 I worked out this browser plugin to demonstrate one way to make websites resistant to rugpulls.
It works by looking for a
metatag in the page'shead:html <meta name="nostr-pubkey" relays="relay.site.com,other.relay.com">[hexPubkey]</meta>When we've never recorded a pubkey for this domain, we save it. This pubkey now serves as the owner of the website. It looks for a kind
11111event of that pubkey. It should list the current domain as one of it's domains. If not, it shows a warning.The key concept is that if we visit this website again and one of these scenario's is true: - There is no longer a
metatag - There's another pubkey in themetatag - The pubkey is still on the webpage, but the11111no longer lists this domainThen we consider this domain as RUGPULLED and the user gets an error, suggesting to navigate to other domain listed by this
pubkey. I'd like it to perhaps auto-redirect to another domain listed by the owner, this is especially useful for frequently rugged domains.This extension does try to solve a bootstrapping problem. We need to establish the website's pubkey at some point. We have to start somewhere, which is why the first load is considered as the 'real' one, since we have no way of knowing for sure.
Other
🥜/⚡️ Receipt.Cash - Social Receipt sharing app
During SEC I worked on scratching an itch that has been lingering in my mind since SEC-03 already. And now that vibecoding is a thing it wasn't this huge undertaking anymore to handle the front-end stuff (which i suck at).
The usage scenario is a bunch of bitcoiners that are at a restaurant, we get the bill and want to split it amongst each other. One person can pay the bill, then: - Payer photographs receipt - Payer adds Cashu Payment request - Payer sets dev split % - App turns the receipt + request into a (encrypted) nostr event - The payer shares the event with QR or Share Menu
The friend scan the QR: - Receipt is loaded and displayed - Friend selects items they ordered - Friend hits pay button (⚡️Lightning or 🥜Cashu) and pays - Payment gets sent to Payer's cashu wallet - Dev split set by Payer goes to dev address.
Some features: - Change LLM model that processes the receipt to extract data - Proofs storage + recovery (if anything fails during processing)
Todo's: - Letting payer configure LNURL for payouts - Letting payer edit Receipt before sharing - Fix: live updates on settled items
The repo: receipt-cash
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-04 06:37:52
KOReader is a document viewer for E Ink devices. Supported file formats include EPUB, PDF, DjVu, XPS, CBT, CBZ, FB2, PDB, TXT, HTML, RTF, CHM, DOC, MOBI and ZIP files. It’s available for Kindle, Kobo, PocketBook, Android and desktop Linux.
Download it from https://koreader.rocks Repository: https://github.com/koreader/koreader
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/970912
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@ fd0bcf8c:521f98c0
2025-04-29 13:38:49
The vag' sits on the edge of the highway, broken, hungry. Overhead flies a transcontinental plane filled with highly paid executives. The upper class has taken to the air, the lower class to the roads: there is no longer any bond between them, they are two nations."—The Sovereign Individual
Fire
I was talking to a friend last night. Coffee in hand. Watching flames consume branches. Spring night on his porch.
He believed in America's happy ending. Debt would vanish. Inflation would cool. Manufacturing would return. Good guys win.
I nodded. I wanted to believe.
He leaned forward, toward the flame. I sat back, watching both fire and sky.
His military photos hung inside. Service medals displayed. Patriotism bone-deep.
The pendulum clock on his porch wall swung steadily. Tick. Tock. Measuring moments. Marking epochs.
History tells another story. Not tragic. Just true.
Our time has come. America cut off couldn't compete. Factories sit empty. Supply chains span oceans. Skills lack. Children lag behind. Rebuilding takes decades.
Truth hurts. Truth frees.
Cycles
History moves in waves. Every 500 years, power shifts. Systems fall. Systems rise.
500 BC - Greek coins changed everything. Markets flourished. Athens dominated.
1 AD - Rome ruled commerce. One currency. Endless roads. Bustling ports.
500 AD - Rome faded. Not overnight. Slowly. Trade withered. Cities emptied. Money debased. Roads crumbled. Local strongmen rose. Peasants sought protection. Feudalism emerged.
People still lived. Still worked. Horizons narrowed. Knowledge concentrated. Most barely survived. Rich adapted. Poor suffered.
Self-reliance determined survival. Those growing food endured. Those making essential goods continued. Those dependent on imperial systems suffered most.
1000 AD - Medieval revival began. Venice dominated seas. China printed money. Cathedrals rose. Universities formed.
1500 AD - Europeans sailed everywhere. Spanish silver flowed. Banks financed kingdoms. Companies colonized continents. Power moved west.
The pendulum swung. East to West. West to East. Civilizations rose. Civilizations fell.
2000 AD - Pattern repeats. America strains. Digital networks expand. China rises. Debt swells. Old systems break.
We stand at the hinge.
Warnings
Signs everywhere. Dollar weakens globally. BRICS builds alternatives. Yuan buys oil. Factories rust. Debt exceeds GDP. Interest consumes budgets.
Bridges crumble. Education falters. Politicians chase votes. We consume. We borrow.
Rome fell gradually. Citizens barely noticed. Taxes increased. Currency devalued. Military weakened. Services decayed. Life hardened by degrees.
East Rome adapted. Survived centuries. West fragmented. Trade shrank. Some thrived. Others suffered. Life changed permanently.
Those who could feed themselves survived best. Those who needed the system suffered worst.
Pendulum
My friend poured another coffee. The burn pile popped loudly. Sparks flew upward like dying stars.
His face changed as facts accumulated. Military man. Trained to assess threats. Detect weaknesses.
He stared at the fire. National glory reduced to embers. Something shifted in his expression. Recognition.
His fingers tightened around his mug. Knuckles white. Eyes fixed on dying flames.
I traced the horizon instead. Observing landscape. Noting the contrast.
He touched the flag on his t-shirt. I adjusted my plain gray one.
The unpayable debt. The crumbling infrastructure. The forgotten manufacturing. The dependent supply chains. The devaluing currency.
The pendulum clock ticked. Relentless. Indifferent to empires.
His eyes said what his patriotism couldn't voice. Something fundamental breaking.
I'd seen this coming. Years traveling showed me. Different systems. Different values. American exceptionalism viewed from outside.
Pragmatism replaced my old idealism. See things as they are. Not as wished.
The logs shifted. Flames reached higher. Then lower. The cycle of fire.
Divergence
Society always splits during shifts.
Some adapt. Some don't.
Printing arrived. Scribes starved. Publishers thrived. Information accelerated. Readers multiplied. Ideas spread. Adapters prospered.
Steam engines came. Weavers died. Factory owners flourished. Villages emptied. Cities grew. Coal replaced farms. Railways replaced wagons. New skills meant survival.
Computers transformed everything. Typewriters vanished. Software boomed. Data replaced paper. Networks replaced cabinets. Programmers replaced typists. Digital skills determined success.
The self-reliant thrived in each transition. Those waiting for rescue fell behind.
Now AI reshapes creativity. Some artists resist. Some harness it. Gap widens daily.
Bitcoin offers refuge. Critics mock. Adopters build wealth. The distance grows.
Remote work redraws maps. Office-bound struggle. Location-free flourish.
The pendulum swings. Power shifts. Some rise with it. Some fall against it.
Two societies emerge. Adaptive. Resistant. Prepared. Pretending.
Advantage
Early adapters win. Not through genius. Through action.
First printers built empires. First factories created dynasties. First websites became giants.
Bitcoin followed this pattern. Laptop miners became millionaires. Early buyers became legends.
Critics repeat themselves: "Too volatile." "No value." "Government ban coming."
Doubters doubt. Builders build. Gap widens.
Self-reliance accelerates adaptation. No permission needed. No consensus required. Act. Learn. Build.
The burn pile flames like empire's glory. Bright. Consuming. Temporary.
Blindness
Our brains see tigers. Not economic shifts.
We panic at headlines. We ignore decades-long trends.
We notice market drops. We miss debt cycles.
We debate tweets. We ignore revolutions.
Not weakness. Just humanity. Foresight requires work. Study. Thought.
Self-reliant thinking means seeing clearly. No comforting lies. No pleasing narratives. Just reality.
The clock pendulum swings. Time passes regardless of observation.
Action
Empires fall. Families need security. Children need futures. Lives need meaning.
You can adapt faster than nations.
Assess honestly. What skills matter now? What preserves wealth? Who helps when needed?
Never stop learning. Factory workers learned code. Taxi drivers joined apps. Photographers went digital.
Diversify globally. No country owns tomorrow. Learn languages. Make connections. Stay mobile.
Protect your money. Dying empires debase currencies. Romans kept gold. Bitcoin offers similar shelter.
Build resilience. Grow food. Make energy. Stay strong. Keep friends. Read old books. Some things never change.
Self-reliance matters most. Can you feed yourself? Can you fix things? Can you solve problems? Can you create value without systems?
Movement
Humans were nomads first. Settlers second. Movement in our blood.
Our ancestors followed herds. Sought better lands. Survival meant mobility.
The pendulum swings here too. Nomad to farmer. City-dweller to digital nomad.
Rome fixed people to land. Feudalism bound serfs to soil. Nations created borders. Companies demanded presence.
Now technology breaks chains. Work happens anywhere. Knowledge flows everywhere.
The rebuild America seeks requires fixed positions. Factory workers. Taxpaying citizens in permanent homes.
But technology enables escape. Remote work. Digital currencies. Borderless businesses.
The self-reliant understand mobility as freedom. One location means one set of rules. One economy. One fate.
Many locations mean options. Taxes become predatory? Leave. Opportunities disappear? Find new ones.
Patriotism celebrates roots. Wisdom remembers wings.
My friend's boots dug into his soil. Planted. Territorial. Defending.
My Chucks rested lightly. Ready. Adaptable. Departing.
His toolshed held equipment to maintain boundaries. Fences. Hedges. Property lines.
My backpack contained tools for crossing them. Chargers. Adapters. Currency.
The burn pile flame flickers. Fixed in place. The spark flies free. Movement its nature.
During Rome's decline, the mobile survived best. Merchants crossing borders. Scholars seeking patrons. Those tied to crumbling systems suffered most.
Location independence means personal resilience. Economic downturns become geographic choices. Political oppression becomes optional suffering.
Technology shrinks distance. Digital work. Video relationships. Online learning.
Self-sovereignty requires mobility. The option to walk away. The freedom to arrive elsewhere.
Two more worlds diverge. The rooted. The mobile. The fixed. The fluid. The loyal. The free.
Hope
Not decline. Transition. Painful but temporary.
America may weaken. Humanity advances. Technology multiplies possibilities. Poverty falls. Knowledge grows.
Falling empires see doom. Rising ones see opportunity. Both miss half the picture.
Every shift brings destruction and creation. Rome fell. Europe struggled. Farms produced less. Cities shrank. Trade broke down.
Yet innovation continued. Water mills appeared. New plows emerged. Monks preserved books. New systems evolved.
Different doesn't mean worse for everyone.
Some industries die. Others birth. Some regions fade. Others bloom. Some skills become useless. Others become gold.
The self-reliant thrive in any world. They adapt. They build. They serve. They create.
Choose your role. Nostalgia or building.
The pendulum swings. East rises again. The cycle continues.
Fading
The burn pile dimmed. Embers fading. Night air cooling.
My friend's shoulders changed. Tension releasing. Something accepted.
His patriotism remained. His illusions departed.
The pendulum clock ticked steadily. Measuring more than minutes. Measuring eras.
Two coffee cups. His: military-themed, old and chipped but cherished. Mine: plain porcelain, new and unmarked.
His eyes remained on smoldering embers. Mine moved between him and the darkening trees.
His calendar marked local town meetings. Mine tracked travel dates.
The last flame flickered out. Spring peepers filled the silence.
In darkness, we watched smoke rise. The world changing. New choices ahead.
No empire lasts forever. No comfort in denial. Only clarity in acceptance.
Self-reliance the ancient answer. Build your skills. Secure your resources. Strengthen your body. Feed your mind. Help your neighbors.
The burn pile turned to ash. Empire's glory extinguished.
He stood facing his land. I faced the road.
A nod between us. Respect across division. Different strategies for the same storm.
He turned toward his home. I toward my vehicle.
The pendulum continued swinging. Power flowing east once more. Five centuries ending. Five centuries beginning.
"Bear in mind that everything that exists is already fraying at the edges." — Marcus Aurelius
Tomorrow depends not on nations. On us.
-
@ 61bf790b:fe18b062
2025-04-29 12:23:09
In a vast digital realm, two cities stood side by side: the towering, flashing metropolis of Feedia, and the decentralized, quiet city of Nostra.
Feedia was loud—blinding, buzzing, and always on. Screens plastered every wall, whispering the latest trends into citizens’ ears. But in this city, what you saw wasn’t up to you. It was determined by a towering, unseen force known as The Algorithm. It didn’t care what was true, meaningful, or helpful—only what would keep your eyes glued and your attention sold.
In Feedia, discovery wasn’t earned. It was assigned.
And worse—there was a caste system. To have a voice, you needed a Blue Check—a glowing badge that marked you as “worthy.” To get one, you had to pay or play. Pay monthly dues to the high towers or entertain The Algorithm enough to be deemed “valuable.” If you refused or couldn’t afford it, your voice was cast into the noise—buried beneath outrage bait and celebrity screams.
The unmarked were like ghosts—speaking into the void while the checked dined in Algorithm-favored towers. It was a digital monarchy dressed up as a democracy.
Then, there was Nostra.
There were no glowing checkmarks in Nostra—just signal. Every citizen had a light they carried, one that grew brighter the more they contributed: thoughtful posts, reshared ideas, built tools, or boosted others. Discovery was based not on payment or privilege, but participation and value.
In Nostra, you didn’t rise because you paid the gatekeeper—you rose because others lifted you. You weren’t spoon-fed; you sought, you found, you earned attention. It was harder, yes. But it was real.
And slowly, some in Feedia began to awaken. They grew tired of being fed fast-food content and ignored despite their voices. They looked across the river to Nostra, where minds weren’t bought—they were built.
And one by one, they began to cross.
-
@ c1e6505c:02b3157e
2025-04-28 01:58:55
This is a long form test note from Untype.app
Seems like this could work well.
Here is a photograph of the infamous red firebird that has been in the same spot for over 10 years.
There is a header image up top as well. Will that be seen? Maybe?
Clean interface and you're able to type and see a preview window of what your post would like. Cool!
Text before the image prompt makes this lettering large and bold.
Here is a line break
Let me know if you can see this text that is now under the image.
BYE (IN BOLD)!
-
@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9
2025-03-25 17:43:44
One of the most common criticisms leveled against nostr is the perceived lack of assurance when it comes to data storage. Critics argue that without a centralized authority guaranteeing that all data is preserved, important information will be lost. They also claim that running a relay will become prohibitively expensive. While there is truth to these concerns, they miss the mark. The genius of nostr lies in its flexibility, resilience, and the way it harnesses human incentives to ensure data availability in practice.
A nostr relay is simply a server that holds cryptographically verifiable signed data and makes it available to others. Relays are simple, flexible, open, and require no permission to run. Critics are right that operating a relay attempting to store all nostr data will be costly. What they miss is that most will not run all encompassing archive relays. Nostr does not rely on massive archive relays. Instead, anyone can run a relay and choose to store whatever subset of data they want. This keeps costs low and operations flexible, making relay operation accessible to all sorts of individuals and entities with varying use cases.
Critics are correct that there is no ironclad guarantee that every piece of data will always be available. Unlike bitcoin where data permanence is baked into the system at a steep cost, nostr does not promise that every random note or meme will be preserved forever. That said, in practice, any data perceived as valuable by someone will likely be stored and distributed by multiple entities. If something matters to someone, they will keep a signed copy.
Nostr is the Streisand Effect in protocol form. The Streisand effect is when an attempt to suppress information backfires, causing it to spread even further. With nostr, anyone can broadcast signed data, anyone can store it, and anyone can distribute it. Try to censor something important? Good luck. The moment it catches attention, it will be stored on relays across the globe, copied, and shared by those who find it worth keeping. Data deemed important will be replicated across servers by individuals acting in their own interest.
Nostr’s distributed nature ensures that the system does not rely on a single point of failure or a corporate overlord. Instead, it leans on the collective will of its users. The result is a network where costs stay manageable, participation is open to all, and valuable verifiable data is stored and distributed forever.
-
@ 16f1a010:31b1074b
2025-03-20 14:32:25
grain is a nostr relay built using Go, currently utilizing MongoDB as its database. Binaries are provided for AMD64 Windows and Linux. grain is Go Relay Architecture for Implementing Nostr
Introduction
grain is a nostr relay built using Go, currently utilizing MongoDB as its database. Binaries are provided for AMD64 Windows and Linux. grain is Go Relay Architecture for Implementing Nostr
Prerequisites
- Grain requires a running MongoDB instance. Please refer to this separate guide for instructions on setting up MongoDB: nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzq9h35qgq6n8ll0xyyv8gurjzjrx9sjwp4hry6ejnlks8cqcmzp6tqqxnzde5xg6rwwp5xsuryd3knfdr7g
Download Grain
Download the latest release for your system from the GitHub releases page
amd64 binaries provided for Windows and Linux, if you have a different CPU architecture, you can download and install go to build grain from source
Installation and Execution
- Create a new folder on your system where you want to run Grain.
- The downloaded binary comes bundled with a ZIP file containing a folder named "app," which holds the frontend HTML files. Unzip the "app" folder into the same directory as the Grain executable.
Run Grain
- Open your terminal or command prompt and navigate to the Grain directory.
- Execute the Grain binary.
on linux you will first have to make the program executable
chmod +x grain_linux_amd64Then you can run the program
./grain_linux_amd64(alternatively on windows, you can just double click the grain_windows_amd64.exe to start the relay)
You should see a terminal window displaying the port on which your relay and frontend are running.
If you get
Failed to copy app/static/examples/config.example.yml to config.yml: open app/static/examples/config.example.yml: no such file or directory
Then you probably forgot to put the app folder in the same directory as your executable or you did not unzip the folder.
Congrats! You're running grain 🌾!
You may want to change your NIP11 relay information document (relay_metadata.json) This informs clients of the capabilities, administrative contacts, and various server attributes. It's located in the same directory as your executable.
Configuration Files
Once Grain has been executed for the first time, it will generate the default configuration files inside the directory where the executable is located. These files are:
bash config.yml whitelist.yml blacklist.ymlPrerequisites: - Grain requires a running MongoDB instance. Please refer to this separate guide for instructions on setting up MongoDB: [Link to MongoDB setup guide].
Download Grain:
Download the latest release for your system from the GitHub releases page
amd64 binaries provided for Windows and Linux, if you have a different CPU architecture, you can download and install go to build grain from source
Installation and Execution:
- Create a new folder on your system where you want to run Grain.
- The downloaded binary comes bundled with a ZIP file containing a folder named "app," which holds the frontend HTML files. Unzip the "app" folder into the same directory as the Grain executable.
Run Grain:
- Open your terminal or command prompt and navigate to the Grain directory.
- Execute the Grain binary.
on linux you will first have to make the program executable
chmod +x grain_linux_amd64Then you can run the program
./grain_linux_amd64(alternatively on windows, you can just double click the grain_windows_amd64.exe to start the relay)
You should see a terminal window displaying the port on which your relay and frontend are running.
If you get
Failed to copy app/static/examples/config.example.yml to config.yml: open app/static/examples/config.example.yml: no such file or directory
Then you probably forgot to put the app folder in the same directory as your executable or you did not unzip the folder.
Congrats! You're running grain 🌾!
You may want to change your NIP11 relay information document (relay_metadata.json) This informs clients of the capabilities, administrative contacts, and various server attributes. It's located in the same directory as your executable.
Configuration Files:
Once Grain has been executed for the first time, it will generate the default configuration files inside the directory where the executable is located. These files are:
bash config.yml whitelist.yml blacklist.ymlConfiguration Documentation
You can always find the latest example configs on my site or in the github repo here: config.yml
Config.yml
This
config.ymlfile is where you customize how your Grain relay operates. Each section controls different aspects of the relay's behavior.1.
mongodb(Database Settings)uri: mongodb://localhost:27017/:- This is the connection string for your MongoDB database.
mongodb://localhost:27017/indicates that your MongoDB server is running on the same computer as your Grain relay (localhost) and listening on port 27017 (the default MongoDB port).- If your MongoDB server is on a different machine, you'll need to change
localhostto the server's IP address or hostname. - The trailing
/indicates the root of the mongodb server. You will define the database in the next line.
database: grain:- This specifies the name of the MongoDB database that Grain will use to store Nostr events. Grain will create this database if it doesn't already exist.
- You can name the database whatever you want. If you want to run multiple grain relays, you can and they can have different databases running on the same mongo server.
2.
server(Relay Server Settings)port: :8181:- This sets the port on which your Grain relay will listen for incoming nostr websocket connections and what port the frontend will be available at.
read_timeout: 10 # in seconds:- This is the maximum time (in seconds) that the relay will wait for a client to send data before closing the connection.
write_timeout: 10 # in seconds:- This is the maximum time (in seconds) that the relay will wait for a client to receive data before closing the connection.
idle_timeout: 120 # in seconds:- This is the maximum time (in seconds) that the relay will keep a connection open if there's no activity.
max_connections: 100:- This sets the maximum number of simultaneous client connections that the relay will allow.
max_subscriptions_per_client: 10:- This sets the maximum amount of subscriptions a single client can request from the relay.
3.
resource_limits(System Resource Limits)cpu_cores: 2 # Limit the number of CPU cores the application can use:- This restricts the number of CPU cores that Grain can use. Useful for controlling resource usage on your server.
memory_mb: 1024 # Cap the maximum amount of RAM in MB the application can use:- This limits the maximum amount of RAM (in megabytes) that Grain can use.
heap_size_mb: 512 # Set a limit on the Go garbage collector's heap size in MB:- This sets a limit on the amount of memory that the Go programming language's garbage collector can use.
4.
auth(Authentication Settings)enabled: false # Enable or disable AUTH handling:- If set to
true, this enables authentication handling, requiring clients to authenticate before using the relay.
- If set to
relay_url: "wss://relay.example.com/" # Specify the relay URL:- If authentication is enabled, this is the url that clients will use to authenticate.
5.
UserSync(User Synchronization)user_sync: false:- If set to true, the relay will attempt to sync user data from other relays.
disable_at_startup: true:- If user sync is enabled, this will prevent the sync from starting when the relay starts.
initial_sync_relays: [...]:- A list of other relays to pull user data from.
kinds: []:- A list of event kinds to pull from the other relays. Leaving this empty will pull all event kinds.
limit: 100:- The limit of events to pull from the other relays.
exclude_non_whitelisted: true:- If set to true, only users on the whitelist will have their data synced.
interval: 360:- The interval in minutes that the relay will resync user data.
6.
backup_relay(Backup Relay)enabled: false:- If set to true, the relay will send copies of received events to the backup relay.
url: "wss://some-relay.com":- The url of the backup relay.
7.
event_purge(Event Purging)enabled: false:- If set to
true, the relay will automatically delete old events.
- If set to
keep_interval_hours: 24:- The number of hours to keep events before purging them.
purge_interval_minutes: 240:- How often (in minutes) the purging process runs.
purge_by_category: ...:- Allows you to specify which categories of events (regular, replaceable, addressable, deprecated) to purge.
purge_by_kind_enabled: false:- If set to true, events will be purged based on the kinds listed below.
kinds_to_purge: ...:- A list of event kinds to purge.
exclude_whitelisted: true:- If set to true, events from whitelisted users will not be purged.
8.
event_time_constraints(Event Time Constraints)min_created_at: 1577836800:- The minimum
created_attimestamp (Unix timestamp) that events must have to be accepted by the relay.
- The minimum
max_created_at_string: now+5m:- The maximum created at time that an event can have. This example shows that the max created at time is 5 minutes in the future from the time the event is received.
min_created_at_stringandmax_created_atwork the same way.
9.
rate_limit(Rate Limiting)ws_limit: 100:- The maximum number of WebSocket messages per second that the relay will accept.
ws_burst: 200:- Allows a temporary burst of WebSocket messages.
event_limit: 50:- The maximum number of Nostr events per second that the relay will accept.
event_burst: 100:- Allows a temporary burst of Nostr events.
req_limit: 50:- The limit of http requests per second.
req_burst: 100:- The allowed burst of http requests.
max_event_size: 51200:- The maximum size (in bytes) of a Nostr event that the relay will accept.
kind_size_limits: ...:- Allows you to set size limits for specific event kinds.
category_limits: ...:- Allows you to set rate limits for different event categories (ephemeral, addressable, regular, replaceable).
kind_limits: ...:- Allows you to set rate limits for specific event kinds.
By understanding these settings, you can tailor your Grain Nostr relay to meet your specific needs and resource constraints.
whitelist.yml
The
whitelist.ymlfile is used to control which users, event kinds, and domains are allowed to interact with your Grain relay. Here's a breakdown of the settings:1.
pubkey_whitelist(Public Key Whitelist)enabled: false:- If set to
true, this enables the public key whitelist. Only users whose public keys are listed will be allowed to publish events to your relay.
- If set to
pubkeys::- A list of hexadecimal public keys that are allowed to publish events.
pubkey1andpubkey2are placeholders, you will replace these with actual hexadecimal public keys.
npubs::- A list of npubs that are allowed to publish events.
npub18ls2km9aklhzw9yzqgjfu0anhz2z83hkeknw7sl22ptu8kfs3rjq54am44andnpub2are placeholders, replace them with actual npubs.- npubs are bech32 encoded public keys.
2.
kind_whitelist(Event Kind Whitelist)enabled: false:- If set to
true, this enables the event kind whitelist. Only events with the specified kinds will be allowed.
- If set to
kinds::- A list of event kinds (as strings) that are allowed.
"1"and"2"are example kinds. Replace these with the kinds you want to allow.- Example kinds are 0 for metadata, 1 for short text notes, and 2 for recommend server.
3.
domain_whitelist(Domain Whitelist)enabled: false:- If set to
true, this enables the domain whitelist. This checks the domains .well-known folder for their nostr.json. This file contains a list of pubkeys. They will be considered whitelisted if on this list.
- If set to
domains::- A list of domains that are allowed.
"example.com"and"anotherdomain.com"are example domains. Replace these with the domains you want to allow.
blacklist.yml
The
blacklist.ymlfile allows you to block specific content, users, and words from your Grain relay. Here's a breakdown of the settings:1.
enabled: true- This setting enables the blacklist functionality. If set to
true, the relay will actively block content and users based on the rules defined in this file.
2.
permanent_ban_words:- This section lists words that, if found in an event, will result in a permanent ban for the event's author.
- really bad wordis a placeholder. Replace it with any words you want to permanently block.
3.
temp_ban_words:- This section lists words that, if found in an event, will result in a temporary ban for the event's author.
- crypto,- web3, and- airdropare examples. Replace them with the words you want to temporarily block.
4.
max_temp_bans: 3- This sets the maximum number of temporary bans a user can receive before they are permanently banned.
5.
temp_ban_duration: 3600- This sets the duration of a temporary ban in seconds.
3600seconds equals one hour.
6.
permanent_blacklist_pubkeys:- This section lists hexadecimal public keys that are permanently blocked from using the relay.
- db0c9b8acd6101adb9b281c5321f98f6eebb33c5719d230ed1870997538a9765is an example. Replace it with the public keys you want to block.
7.
permanent_blacklist_npubs:- This section lists npubs that are permanently blocked from using the relay.
- npub1x0r5gflnk2mn6h3c70nvnywpy2j46gzqwg6k7uw6fxswyz0md9qqnhshtnis an example. Replace it with the npubs you want to block.- npubs are the human readable version of public keys.
8.
mutelist_authors:- This section lists hexadecimal public keys of author of a kind1000 mutelist. Pubkey authors on this mutelist will be considered on the permanent blacklist. This provides a nostr native way to handle the backlist of your relay
- 3fe0ab6cbdb7ee27148202249e3fb3b89423c6f6cda6ef43ea5057c3d93088e4is an example. Replace it with the public keys of authors that have a mutelist you would like to use as a blacklist. Consider using your own.- Important Note: The mutelist Event MUST be stored in this relay for it to be retrieved. This means your relay must have a copy of the authors kind10000 mutelist to consider them for the blacklist.
Running Grain as a Service:
Windows Service:
To run Grain as a Windows service, you can use tools like NSSM (Non-Sucking Service Manager). NSSM allows you to easily install and manage any application as a Windows service.
* For instructions on how to install NSSM, please refer to this article: [Link to NSSM install guide coming soon].-
Open Command Prompt as Administrator:
- Open the Windows Start menu, type "cmd," right-click on "Command Prompt," and select "Run as administrator."
-
Navigate to NSSM Directory:
- Use the
cdcommand to navigate to the directory where you extracted NSSM. For example, if you extracted it toC:\nssm, you would typecd C:\nssmand press Enter.
- Use the
-
Install the Grain Service:
- Run the command
nssm install grain. - A GUI will appear, allowing you to configure the service.
- Run the command
-
Configure Service Details:
- In the "Path" field, enter the full path to your Grain executable (e.g.,
C:\grain\grain_windows_amd64.exe). - In the "Startup directory" field, enter the directory where your Grain executable is located (e.g.,
C:\grain).
- In the "Path" field, enter the full path to your Grain executable (e.g.,
-
Install the Service:
- Click the "Install service" button.
-
Manage the Service:
- You can now manage the Grain service using the Windows Services manager. Open the Start menu, type "services.msc," and press Enter. You can start, stop, pause, or restart the Grain service from there.
Linux Service (systemd):
To run Grain as a Linux service, you can use systemd, the standard service manager for most modern Linux distributions.
-
Create a Systemd Service File:
- Open a text editor with root privileges (e.g.,
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/grain.service).
- Open a text editor with root privileges (e.g.,
-
Add Service Configuration:
- Add the following content to the
grain.servicefile, replacing the placeholders with your actual paths and user information:
```toml [Unit] Description=Grain Nostr Relay After=network.target
[Service] ExecStart=/path/to/grain_linux_amd64 WorkingDirectory=/path/to/grain/directory Restart=always User=your_user #replace your_user Group=your_group #replace your_group
[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```
- Replace
/path/to/grain/executablewith the full path to your Grain executable. - Replace
/path/to/grain/directorywith the directory containing your Grain executable. - Replace
your_userandyour_groupwith the username and group that will run the Grain service.
- Add the following content to the
-
Reload Systemd:
- Run the command
sudo systemctl daemon-reloadto reload the systemd configuration.
- Run the command
-
Enable the Service:
- Run the command
sudo systemctl enable grain.serviceto enable the service to start automatically on boot.
- Run the command
-
Start the Service:
- Run the command
sudo systemctl start grain.serviceto start the service immediately.
- Run the command
-
Check Service Status:
- Run the command
sudo systemctl status grain.serviceto check the status of the Grain service. This will show you if the service is running and any recent logs. - You can run
sudo journalctl -f -u grain.serviceto watch the logs
- Run the command
More guides are in the works for setting up tailscale to access your relay from anywhere over a private network and for setting up a cloudflare tunnel to your domain to deploy a grain relay accessible on a subdomain of your site eg wss://relay.yourdomain.com
-
@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-04 06:27:15
Well, today posts looks are dedicated to STAR WARS. Enjoy!
Today we’re looking at Beat Saber (2019) and why its most essential design element can be used to make great VR games that have nothing to do with music or rhythm.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoOeO7S9ehw
It’s hard to believe Beat Saber was first released in Early Access seven years ago today. From day one, it was clear the game was something special, but even so we couldn’t have predicted it would become one of VR’s best-selling games of all time—a title it still holds all these years later. In celebration of the game’s lasting legacy we’re re-publishing our episode of Inside XR Design which explores the secret to Beat Saber’s fun, and how it can be applied to VR games which have nothing to do with music.
Read more at https://www.roadtovr.com/beat-saber-instructed-motion-until-you-fall-inside-xr-design/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/970909
-
@ 8d34bd24:414be32b
2025-04-27 03:42:57
I used to hate end times prophecy because it didn’t make sense. I didn’t understand how the predictions could be true, so I wondered if the fulfillment was more figurative than literal. As time has progressed, I’ve seen technologies and international relations change in ways that make the predictions seem not only possible, but probable. I’ve seen the world look more and more like what is predicted for the end times.
I thought it would be handy to look at the predictions and compare them to events, technologies, and nations today. This is a major undertaking, so this will turn into a series. I only hope I can do it justice. I will have some links to news articles on these current events and technologies. Because I can’t remember where I’ve read many of these things, it is likely I will put some links to some news sources that I don’t normally recommend, but which do a decent job of covering the point I’m making. I’m sorry if I don’t always give a perfect source. I have limited time, so in some cases, I’ll link to the easy (main stream journals that show up high on web searches) rather than what I consider more reliable sources because of time constraints.
I also want to give one caveat to everything I discuss below. Although I do believe the signs suggest the Rapture and Tribulation are near, I can’t say exactly what that means or how soon these prophecies will be fulfilled. Could it be tomorrow, a month from now, a year from now, or 20 years from now? Yes, any of them could be true. Could it be even farther in the future? It could be, even if my interpretation of the data concludes that to be less likely.
I will start with a long passage from Matthew that describes what Jesus told His disciples to expect before “the end of the age.” Then I’ll go to some of the end times points that seemed unexplainable to me in the past. We’ll see where things go from there. I’ve already had to split discussion of this one passage into multiple posts due to length.
Jesus’s Signs of the End
As He was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to Him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things happen, and what will be the sign of Your coming, and of the end of the age?”
And Jesus answered and said to them, “See to it that no one misleads you. For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will mislead many. You will be hearing of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not frightened, for those things must take place, but that is not yet the end. For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and in various places there will be famines and earthquakes. But all these things are merely the beginning of birth pangs.
“Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name. At that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another. Many false prophets will arise and will mislead many. Because lawlessness is increased, most people’s love will grow cold. But the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come. (Matthew 24:3-14) {emphasis mine}
Before I go into the details I do want to clarify one thing. The verses that follow the above verses (Matthew 24:16-28) mention the “abomination of desolation” and therefore is clearly discussing the midpoint of the tribulation and the following 3.5 years or Great Tribulation. The first half of Matthew 24 discusses the birth pangs and the first half of the Tribulation. The signs that I discuss will be growing immediately preceding the Tribulation, but probably will not be completely fulfilled until the first 3.5 years of the Tribulation.
I do think we will see an increase of all of these signs before the 7 year Tribulation begins as part of the birth pangs even if they are not fulfilled completely until the Tribulation:
-
Wars and rumors of wars. (Matthew 24:6a)
-
Famines (Matthew 24:7)
-
Earthquakes (Matthew 24:7).
-
Israel will be attacked and will be hated by all nations (Matthew 24:9)
-
Falling away from Jesus (Matthew 24:10)
-
Many Misled (Matthew 24:10)
-
People’s love will grow cold (Matthew 24:12)
-
Gospel will be preached to the whole world (Matthew 24:14)
Now let’s go through each of these predictions to see what we are seeing today.
1. Wars and Rumors of Wars
When you hear of wars and disturbances, do not be terrified; for these things must take place first, but the end does not follow immediately.” (Luke 21:9)
In 1947 the doomsday clock was invented. It theoretically tells how close society is to all out war and destruction of mankind. It was just recently set to 89 seconds to midnight, the closest it has ever been. It is true that this isn’t a scientific measure and politics can effect the setting, i.e. climate change & Trump Derangement Syndrome, but it is still one of many indicators of danger and doom.
There are three main events going on right now that could lead to World War III and the end times.
Obviously the war between Russia and Ukraine has gotten the world divided. It is true that Russia invaded Ukraine, but there were many actions by the US and the EU that provoked this attack. Within months of the initial attack, there was a near agreement between Ukraine and Russia to end the war, but the US and the EU talked Ukraine out of peace, leading to hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians and Russians dying for basically no change of ground. Estimates of deaths vary greatly. See here, here, here. Almost all English sources list Russia as having many more deaths than Ukraine, but since Ukraine is now drafting kids and old men, is considering drafting women, and has most of its defensive capabilities destroyed, while Russia still seems to have plenty of men and weapons, I find this hard to believe. I don’t think any of the parties that have data are motivated to tell the truth. We probably will never know.
The way the EU (and the US until recently) has sacrificed everything to defend Ukraine (until this war known as the most corrupt nation in Europe and known for its actual Nazis) and to do everything in its power to keep the war with Russia going, things could easily escalate. The US and the EU have repeatedly crossed Russia’s red-lines. One of these days, Russia is likely to say “enough is enough” and actually attack Europe. This could easily spiral out of control. I do think that Trump’s pull back and negotiations makes this less likely to lead to world war than it seemed for the past several years. This article does a decent job of explaining the background for the war that most westerners, especially Americans, don’t understand.
Another less well known hot spot is the tension between China and Taiwan. Taiwan is closer politically to the US, but closer economically and culturally to China. This causes tension. Taiwan also produces the majority of the high tech microchips used in advanced technology. Both the US and China want and need this technology. I honestly believe this is the overarching issue regarding Taiwan. If either the US or China got control of Taiwan’s microchip production, it would be military and economic game over for the other. This is stewing, but I don’t think this will be the cause of world war 3, although it could become part of the war that leads to the Antichrist ruling the world.
The war that is likely to lead to the Tribulation involves Israel and the Middle East. Obviously, the Muslim nations hate Israel and attack them almost daily. We also see Iran, Russia, Turkey, and other nations making alliances that sound a lot like the Gog/Magog coalition in Ezekiel 38. The hate of Israel has grown to a level that makes zero sense unless you take into account the spiritual world and Bible prophecy. Such a small insignificant nation, that didn’t even exist for \~1900 years, shouldn’t have the influence on world politics that it does. It is about the size of the state of New Jersey. Most nations of Israel’s size, population, and economy are not even recognized by most people. Is there a person on earth that doesn’t know about Israel? I doubt it. Every nation on earth seems to have a strong positive or, more commonly, negative view of Israel. We’ll get to this hate of Israel more below in point 4.
2. Famines
In the two parallel passages to Matthew 24, there is once again the prediction of famines coming before the end.
For nation will rise up against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; there will be earthquakes in various places; there will also be famines. These things are merely the beginning of birth pangs. (Mark 13:8) {emphasis mine}
and there will be great earthquakes, and in various places plagues and famines; and there will be terrors and great signs from heaven. (Luke 21:11) {emphasis mine}
In Revelation, the third seal releases famine upon the earth and a day’s wages will only buy one person’s daily wheat needs. A man with a family would only be able to buy lower quality barley to barely feed his family.
When He broke the third seal, I heard the third living creature saying, “Come.” I looked, and behold, a black horse; and he who sat on it had a pair of scales in his hand. And I heard something like a voice in the center of the four living creatures saying, “A quart of wheat for a denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius; and do not damage the oil and the wine.” (Revelation 6:5-6) {emphasis mine}
We shouldn’t fear a Tribulation level famine as a precursor to the Tribulation, but we should see famines scattered around the world, shortages of different food items, and rising food prices, all of which we are seeing. (Once again, I can’t support many of these sources or verify all of their data, but they give us a feel of what is going on today.)
Food Prices Go Up
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Bird Flu scares and government responses cause egg and chicken prices to increase. The government response to the flu is actually causing more problems than the flu itself and it looks like this more dangerous version may have come out of a US lab.
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Tariffs and trade war cause some items to become more expensive or less available. here
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Ukraine war effecting the supply of grain and reducing availability of fertilizer. More info.
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Inflation and other effects causing food prices to go up. This is a poll from Americans.
- Grocery prices overall have increased around 23% since 2021, with prices on individual items like coffee and chocolate rising much faster.-
General Food inflation is difficult, but not life destroying for most of the world, but some nations are experiencing inflation that is causing many to be unable to afford food. Single digit food inflation is difficult, even in well-to-do nations, but in poor nations, where a majority of the people’s income already goes to food, it can be catastrophic. When you look at nations like Zimbabwe (105%), Venezuela (22%), South Sudan (106%), Malawi (38%), Lebanon (20%), Haiti (37%), Ghana (26%), Burundi (39%), Bolivia (35%), and Argentina (46%), you can see that there are some seriously hurting people. More info.
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It does look like general food inflation has gone down for the moment (inflation has gone down, but not necessarily prices), but there are many situations around the world that could make it go back up again.
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Wars causing famine
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Sudan: War has made an already poor and hurting country even worse off.
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Gaza: (When I did a web search, all of the sites that came up on the first couple of pages are Israel hating organizations that are trying to cause trouble and/or raise money, so there is major bias. I did link to one of these sites just to be thorough, but take into account the bias of the source.)
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Ukraine: Mostly covered above. The war in Ukraine has affected the people of Ukraine and the world negatively relative to food.
I’m sure there are plenty more evidences for famine or potential famine, but this gives a taste of what is going on.
Our global economy has good and bad effects on the food supply. Being able to transport food around the globe means that when one area has a bad crop, they can import food from another area that produced more than they need. On the other hand, sometimes an area stops producing food because they can import food more cheaply. If something disrupts that imported food (tariffs, trade wars, physical wars, transportation difficulties, intercountry disputes, etc.) then they suddenly have no food. We definitely have a fragile system, where there are many points that could fail and cause famine to abound.
The Bible also talks about another kind of famine in the end times.
“Behold, days are coming,” declares the Lord God,\ “When I will send a famine on the land,\ *Not a famine for bread or a thirst for water,\ But rather for hearing the words of the Lord*.\ People will stagger from sea to sea\ And from the north even to the east;\ They will go to and fro to seek the word of the Lord,\ But they will not find it**. (Amos 8:11-12) {emphasis mine}
We are definitely seeing a famine regarding the word of God. It isn’t that the word of God is not available, but even in churches, there is a lack of teaching the actual word of God from the Scriptures. Many churches teach more self-help or feel good messages than they do the word of God. Those looking to know God better are starving or thirsting for truth and God’s word. I know multiple people who have given up on assembling together in church because they can’t find a Bible believing, Scripture teaching church. How sad!
Although famine should be expected before the Tribulation, the good news is that no famine will separate us from our Savior.
Who will separate us from the love of Christ? Will tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? (Romans 8:35) {emphasis mine}
3. Earthquakes
We recently saw a major \~7.8 earthquake in Myanmar. Although it seems like we are having many major earthquakes, it is more difficult to determine whether there is actually a major increase or if the seeming increase is due to increasing population to harm, more/better instrumentation, and/or more media coverage. We are definitely seeing lots of earthquake damage and loss of life. I tend to think the number and severity of earthquakes will increase even more before the Tribulation, but only time will tell.
4. Israel will be attacked and will be hated by all nations
“Then they will deliver you [Israel] to tribulation, and will kill you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name. (Matthew 24:9) {emphasis & clarification mine}
This verse doesn’t specifically mention Israel. It says “you,” but since Jesus was talking to Jews, the best interpretation is that this warning is to the Jews. At the same time, we are also seeing attacks on Christians, so it likely refers to both Jews and Christians. I’m going to focus on Jews/Israel because I don’t think I need to convince most Christians that persecution is increasing.
We have been seeing hatred of Jews and Israel growing exponentially since the biblical prediction of a re-establishment of Israel was accomplished.
All end times prophecy focuses on Israel and requires Israel to be recreated again since it was destroyed in A.D. 70.
Who has heard such a thing? Who has seen such things?\ Can a land be born in one day?\ Can a nation be brought forth all at once?\ As soon as Zion travailed, she also brought forth her sons. (Isaiah 66:8)
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“British Foreign Minister Lord Balfour issued on November 2, 1917, the so-called Balfour Declaration, which gave official support for the “establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people” with the commitment not to be prejudiced against the rights of the non-Jewish communities.” In one day Israel was declared a nation.
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“On the day when the British Mandate in Palestine expired, the State of Israel was instituted on May 14, 1948, by the Jewish National Council under the presidency of David Ben Gurion.” Then on another day Israel actually came into being with a leader and citizens.
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“Six-Day War: after Egypt closed the Straits of Tiran on May 22, 1967, Israel launched an attack on Egyptian, Jordanian, Syrian, and Iraqi airports on June 5, 1967. After six days, Israel conquered Jerusalem, the Golan Heights, Sinai, and the West Bank.” On June 11, 1967 Jerusalem was conquered and once again became the capital of Israel.
If you read any of these links you can see the history of Israel being repeatedly attacked in an attempt to destroy Israel and stop God’s prophecy that Israel would be recreated and be used in the end times as part of the judgement of the world. This is a very good article on how God plans to use Israel in end times, how God will fulfill all of his promises to Israel, and how the attacks on Israel are Satan’s attempt to stop God’s plan. It is well worth you time to read and well supported by Scripture.
Since Israel became a new nation again, the nations of the world have ramped up their attacks on Israel and the Jews. The hatred of the Jews is hard to fathom. The Jews living in Israel have been constantly at risk of suicide bombers, terrorist attacks, rocket/missile attacks, etc. Almost daily attacks are common recently. The most significant recent attack happened on October 7th. Around 3,000 Hamas terrorists stormed across the border and attacked men, women, and children. About 1200 were killed, mostly civilians and even kids. In addition to murdering these innocent individuals, others were tortured, raped, and kidnapped as well.
You would expect the world to rally around a nation attacked in such a horrendous manner (like most of the world rallied around the US after 9/11), but instead you immediately saw protests supporting Palestine and condemning Israel. I’ve never seen something so upside down in my life. It is impossible to comprehend until you consider the spiritual implications. Satan has been trying to destroy Israel and the Jews since God made His first promise to Abraham. I will never claim that everything Israeli politicians and generals do is good, but the hate towards this tiny, insignificant nation is unfathomable and the world supporting terrorist attacks, instead of the victims of these attacks, is beyond belief.
Israel allows people of Jewish ancestry and Palestinian ancestry to be citizens and vote. There are Jews, Muslims, and Christians in the Knesset (Jewish Congress). Yes, Israel has responded harshly against the Palestinians and innocents have been harmed, but Israel repeatedly gave up land for peace and then that land has been used to attack them. I can’t really condemn them for choosing to risk the death of Palestinian innocents over risking the death of their own innocents. Hamas and Hezbollah are known for attacking innocents, and then using their own innocents as human shields. They then accuse their victims of atrocities when their human shields are harmed. The UN Human Rights council condemns Israel more than all other nations combined when there are atrocities being committed in many, many other nations that are as bad or worse. Why is the world focused on Israel and the Jews? It is because God loves them (despite their rejection of Him) and because Satan hates them.
Throughout history the world has tried to destroy the Jews, but thanks to God and His eternal plan, they are still here and standing strong. the hate is growing to a fevered pitch, just as predicted by Jesus.
This post has gotten so long that it can’t be emailed, so I will post the final 4 points in a follow-up post. I hope these details are helpful to you and seeing that all of the crazy, hate, and destruction occurring in the world today was known by God and is being used by God to His glory and are good according to His perfect plan.
When we see that everything happening in the world is just part of God’s perfect plan, we can have peace, knowing that God is in control. We need to lean on Him and trust Him just as a young child feels safe in his Fathers arms. At the same time, seeing the signs should encourage us to share the Gospel with unbelievers because our time is short. Don’t put off sharing Jesus with those around you because you might not get another chance.
Trust Jesus.
FYI, I hope to write several more articles on the end times (signs of the times, the rapture, the millennium, and the judgement), but I might be a bit slow rolling them out because I want to make sure they are accurate and well supported by Scripture. You can see my previous posts on the end times on the end times tab at trustjesus.substack.com. I also frequently will list upcoming posts.
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@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1
2025-05-04 06:16:58
Found this really fun, so created a few intros for latest SN newsletters https://stacker.news/items/960787/r/Design_r?commentId=970902 and https://stacker.news/items/970459/r/Design_r?commentId=970905
Create your STAR-WARS-like movie intro https://starwarsintrocreator.kassellabs.io/
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/970906
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@ 78b3c1ed:5033eea9
2025-04-27 01:42:48
・ThunderHubで焼いたマカロンがlncli printmacaroonでどう見えるか確認した。
ThunderHub macaroon permissions
get invoices invoices:read create invoices invoices:write get payments offchain:read pay invoices offchain:write get chain transactions onchain:read send to chain address onchain:write create chain address address:write get wallet info info:read stop daemon info:write この結果によれば、offchain:wirteとonchain:writeの権限がなければそのマカロンを使うクライアントは勝手にBTCを送金することができない。 info:writeがなければ勝手にLNDを止めたりすることができない。
・lncli printmacaroonでデフォルトで作られるmacaroonのpermissionsを調べてみた。 admin.macaroon
{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "address:read", "address:write", "info:read", "info:write", "invoices:read", "invoices:write", "macaroon:generate", "macaroon:read", "macaroon:write", "message:read", "message:write", "offchain:read", "offchain:write", "onchain:read", "onchain:write", "peers:read", "peers:write", "signer:generate", "signer:read" ], "caveats": null }chainnotifier.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "onchain:read" ], "caveats": null }invoice.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "address:read", "address:write", "invoices:read", "invoices:write", "onchain:read" ], "caveats": null }invoices.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "invoices:read", "invoices:write" ], "caveats": null }readonly.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "address:read", "info:read", "invoices:read", "macaroon:read", "message:read", "offchain:read", "onchain:read", "peers:read", "signer:read" ], "caveats": null }router.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "offchain:read", "offchain:write" ], "caveats": null }signer.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "signer:generate", "signer:read" ], "caveats": null }walletkit.macaroon{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "address:read", "address:write", "onchain:read", "onchain:write" ], "caveats": null }・lncli listpermissions コマンドですべての RPC メソッド URI と、それらを呼び出すために必要なマカロン権限を一覧表示できる。 LND v0.18.5-betaでやると1344行ほどのJSONができる。 AddInvoiceだとinvoice:writeのpermissionを持つmacaroonを使えばインボイスを作れるようだ。
"/lnrpc.Lightning/AddInvoice": { "permissions": [ { "entity": "invoices", "action": "write" } ] },lncli listpermissionsからentityとactionを抜き出してみた。 ``` "entity": "address", "entity": "info", "entity": "invoices", "entity": "macaroon", "entity": "message", "entity": "offchain", "entity": "onchain", "entity": "peers", "entity": "signer","action": "generate" "action": "read" "action": "write"
lncli とjqを組み合わせると例えば以下コマンドでinvoices:writeを必要とするRPCの一覧を表示できる。 invoices:writeだとAddInvoiceの他にホドルインボイス作成でも使ってるようだlncli listpermissions | jq -r '.method_permissions | to_entries[] | select(.value.permissions[] | select(.entity == "invoices" and .action == "write")) | .key'/invoicesrpc.Invoices/AddHoldInvoice /invoicesrpc.Invoices/CancelInvoice /invoicesrpc.Invoices/HtlcModifier /invoicesrpc.Invoices/LookupInvoiceV2 /invoicesrpc.Invoices/SettleInvoice /lnrpc.Lightning/AddInvoiceinvoices:readだと以下となる。/invoicesrpc.Invoices/SubscribeSingleInvoice /lnrpc.Lightning/ListInvoices /lnrpc.Lightning/LookupInvoice /lnrpc.Lightning/SubscribeInvoicesLNの主だった機能のRPCはoffchainが必要ぽいので抜き出してみた。 offchain:write チャネルの開閉、ペイメントの送信までやってるみたい。 デフォルトのmacaroonでoffchain:writeを持ってるのはadminとrouterの2つだけ。openchannel,closechannelはonchain:writeのpermissionも必要なようだ。/autopilotrpc.Autopilot/ModifyStatus /autopilotrpc.Autopilot/SetScores /lnrpc.Lightning/AbandonChannel /lnrpc.Lightning/BatchOpenChannel /lnrpc.Lightning/ChannelAcceptor /lnrpc.Lightning/CloseChannel /lnrpc.Lightning/DeleteAllPayments /lnrpc.Lightning/DeletePayment /lnrpc.Lightning/FundingStateStep /lnrpc.Lightning/OpenChannel /lnrpc.Lightning/OpenChannelSync /lnrpc.Lightning/RestoreChannelBackups /lnrpc.Lightning/SendCustomMessage /lnrpc.Lightning/SendPayment /lnrpc.Lightning/SendPaymentSync /lnrpc.Lightning/SendToRoute /lnrpc.Lightning/SendToRouteSync /lnrpc.Lightning/UpdateChannelPolicy /routerrpc.Router/HtlcInterceptor /routerrpc.Router/ResetMissionControl /routerrpc.Router/SendPayment /routerrpc.Router/SendPaymentV2 /routerrpc.Router/SendToRoute /routerrpc.Router/SendToRouteV2 /routerrpc.Router/SetMissionControlConfig /routerrpc.Router/UpdateChanStatus /routerrpc.Router/XAddLocalChanAliases /routerrpc.Router/XDeleteLocalChanAliases /routerrpc.Router/XImportMissionControl /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/AddTower /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/DeactivateTower /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/RemoveTower /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/TerminateSession"/lnrpc.Lightning/OpenChannel": { "permissions": [ { "entity": "onchain", "action": "write" }, { "entity": "offchain", "action": "write" } ] },offchain:read readの方はチャネルやインボイスの状態を確認するためのpermissionのようだ。/lnrpc.Lightning/ChannelBalance /lnrpc.Lightning/ClosedChannels /lnrpc.Lightning/DecodePayReq /lnrpc.Lightning/ExportAllChannelBackups /lnrpc.Lightning/ExportChannelBackup /lnrpc.Lightning/FeeReport /lnrpc.Lightning/ForwardingHistory /lnrpc.Lightning/GetDebugInfo /lnrpc.Lightning/ListAliases /lnrpc.Lightning/ListChannels /lnrpc.Lightning/ListPayments /lnrpc.Lightning/LookupHtlcResolution /lnrpc.Lightning/PendingChannels /lnrpc.Lightning/SubscribeChannelBackups /lnrpc.Lightning/SubscribeChannelEvents /lnrpc.Lightning/SubscribeCustomMessages /lnrpc.Lightning/VerifyChanBackup /routerrpc.Router/BuildRoute /routerrpc.Router/EstimateRouteFee /routerrpc.Router/GetMissionControlConfig /routerrpc.Router/QueryMissionControl /routerrpc.Router/QueryProbability /routerrpc.Router/SubscribeHtlcEvents /routerrpc.Router/TrackPayment /routerrpc.Router/TrackPaymentV2 /routerrpc.Router/TrackPayments /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/GetTowerInfo /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/ListTowers /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/Policy /wtclientrpc.WatchtowerClient/Stats・おまけ1 RPCメソッド名にopenを含む要素を抽出するコマンドlncli listpermissions | jq '.method_permissions | to_entries[] | select(.key | test("open"; "i"))'{ "key": "/lnrpc.Lightning/BatchOpenChannel", "value": { "permissions": [ { "entity": "onchain", "action": "write" }, { "entity": "offchain", "action": "write" } ] } } { "key": "/lnrpc.Lightning/OpenChannel", "value": { "permissions": [ { "entity": "onchain", "action": "write" }, { "entity": "offchain", "action": "write" } ] } } { "key": "/lnrpc.Lightning/OpenChannelSync", "value": { "permissions": [ { "entity": "onchain", "action": "write" }, { "entity": "offchain", "action": "write" } ] } }・おまけ２ thunderhubで作ったmacaroonはテキストで出力されコピペして使うもので、macaroonファイルになってない。 HEXをmacaroonファイルにするには以下コマンドでできる。HEXをコピペして置換する。またYOURSの箇所を自分でわかりやすい名称に置換すると良い。echo -n "HEX" | xxd -r -p > YOURS.macaroonthunderhubで"Create Invoices, Get Invoices, Get Wallet Info, Get Payments, Pay Invoices"をチェックして作ったmacaroonのpermissionsは以下となる。{ "version": 2, "location": "lnd", "root_key_id": "0", "permissions": [ "info:read", "invoices:read", "invoices:write", "offchain:read", "offchain:write" ], "caveats": null } ``` offchain:writeはあるがonchain:writeがないのでチャネル開閉はできないはず。 -
@ 4fe14ef2:f51992ec
2025-05-04 06:02:38
Let's support Bitcoin merchants! I'd love to hear some of your latest Lightning purchases and interesting products you bought. Feel free to include links to the shops or businesses you bought from.
Who else has a recent purchase they’re excited about? Bonus sats if you found a killer deal! ⚡
If you missed our last thread, here are some of the items stackers recently spent and zap on.
Share and repost: N: https://nostrudel.ninja/#/n/nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqnlpfme... X: https://x.com/AGORA_SN/status/1918907693516914793
originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/970896
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@ 2a655bda:344d8870
2025-05-04 04:24:19
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@ 21335073:a244b1ad
2025-03-18 20:47:50
Warning: This piece contains a conversation about difficult topics. Please proceed with caution.
TL;DR please educate your children about online safety.
Julian Assange wrote in his 2012 book Cypherpunks, “This book is not a manifesto. There isn’t time for that. This book is a warning.” I read it a few times over the past summer. Those opening lines definitely stood out to me. I wish we had listened back then. He saw something about the internet that few had the ability to see. There are some individuals who are so close to a topic that when they speak, it’s difficult for others who aren’t steeped in it to visualize what they’re talking about. I didn’t read the book until more recently. If I had read it when it came out, it probably would have sounded like an unknown foreign language to me. Today it makes more sense.
This isn’t a manifesto. This isn’t a book. There is no time for that. It’s a warning and a possible solution from a desperate and determined survivor advocate who has been pulling and unraveling a thread for a few years. At times, I feel too close to this topic to make any sense trying to convey my pathway to my conclusions or thoughts to the general public. My hope is that if nothing else, I can convey my sense of urgency while writing this. This piece is a watchman’s warning.
When a child steps online, they are walking into a new world. A new reality. When you hand a child the internet, you are handing them possibilities—good, bad, and ugly. This is a conversation about lowering the potential of negative outcomes of stepping into that new world and how I came to these conclusions. I constantly compare the internet to the road. You wouldn’t let a young child run out into the road with no guidance or safety precautions. When you hand a child the internet without any type of guidance or safety measures, you are allowing them to play in rush hour, oncoming traffic. “Look left, look right for cars before crossing.” We almost all have been taught that as children. What are we taught as humans about safety before stepping into a completely different reality like the internet? Very little.
I could never really figure out why many folks in tech, privacy rights activists, and hackers seemed so cold to me while talking about online child sexual exploitation. I always figured that as a survivor advocate for those affected by these crimes, that specific, skilled group of individuals would be very welcoming and easy to talk to about such serious topics. I actually had one hacker laugh in my face when I brought it up while I was looking for answers. I thought maybe this individual thought I was accusing them of something I wasn’t, so I felt bad for asking. I was constantly extremely disappointed and would ask myself, “Why don’t they care? What could I say to make them care more? What could I say to make them understand the crisis and the level of suffering that happens as a result of the problem?”
I have been serving minor survivors of online child sexual exploitation for years. My first case serving a survivor of this specific crime was in 2018—a 13-year-old girl sexually exploited by a serial predator on Snapchat. That was my first glimpse into this side of the internet. I won a national award for serving the minor survivors of Twitter in 2023, but I had been working on that specific project for a few years. I was nominated by a lawyer representing two survivors in a legal battle against the platform. I’ve never really spoken about this before, but at the time it was a choice for me between fighting Snapchat or Twitter. I chose Twitter—or rather, Twitter chose me. I heard about the story of John Doe #1 and John Doe #2, and I was so unbelievably broken over it that I went to war for multiple years. I was and still am royally pissed about that case. As far as I was concerned, the John Doe #1 case proved that whatever was going on with corporate tech social media was so out of control that I didn’t have time to wait, so I got to work. It was reading the messages that John Doe #1 sent to Twitter begging them to remove his sexual exploitation that broke me. He was a child begging adults to do something. A passion for justice and protecting kids makes you do wild things. I was desperate to find answers about what happened and searched for solutions. In the end, the platform Twitter was purchased. During the acquisition, I just asked Mr. Musk nicely to prioritize the issue of detection and removal of child sexual exploitation without violating digital privacy rights or eroding end-to-end encryption. Elon thanked me multiple times during the acquisition, made some changes, and I was thanked by others on the survivors’ side as well.
I still feel that even with the progress made, I really just scratched the surface with Twitter, now X. I left that passion project when I did for a few reasons. I wanted to give new leadership time to tackle the issue. Elon Musk made big promises that I knew would take a while to fulfill, but mostly I had been watching global legislation transpire around the issue, and frankly, the governments are willing to go much further with X and the rest of corporate tech than I ever would. My work begging Twitter to make changes with easier reporting of content, detection, and removal of child sexual exploitation material—without violating privacy rights or eroding end-to-end encryption—and advocating for the minor survivors of the platform went as far as my principles would have allowed. I’m grateful for that experience. I was still left with a nagging question: “How did things get so bad with Twitter where the John Doe #1 and John Doe #2 case was able to happen in the first place?” I decided to keep looking for answers. I decided to keep pulling the thread.
I never worked for Twitter. This is often confusing for folks. I will say that despite being disappointed in the platform’s leadership at times, I loved Twitter. I saw and still see its value. I definitely love the survivors of the platform, but I also loved the platform. I was a champion of the platform’s ability to give folks from virtually around the globe an opportunity to speak and be heard.
I want to be clear that John Doe #1 really is my why. He is the inspiration. I am writing this because of him. He represents so many globally, and I’m still inspired by his bravery. One child’s voice begging adults to do something—I’m an adult, I heard him. I’d go to war a thousand more lifetimes for that young man, and I don’t even know his name. Fighting has been personally dark at times; I’m not even going to try to sugarcoat it, but it has been worth it.
The data surrounding the very real crime of online child sexual exploitation is available to the public online at any time for anyone to see. I’d encourage you to go look at the data for yourself. I believe in encouraging folks to check multiple sources so that you understand the full picture. If you are uncomfortable just searching around the internet for information about this topic, use the terms “CSAM,” “CSEM,” “SG-CSEM,” or “AI Generated CSAM.” The numbers don’t lie—it’s a nightmare that’s out of control. It’s a big business. The demand is high, and unfortunately, business is booming. Organizations collect the data, tech companies often post their data, governments report frequently, and the corporate press has covered a decent portion of the conversation, so I’m sure you can find a source that you trust.
Technology is changing rapidly, which is great for innovation as a whole but horrible for the crime of online child sexual exploitation. Those wishing to exploit the vulnerable seem to be adapting to each technological change with ease. The governments are so far behind with tackling these issues that as I’m typing this, it’s borderline irrelevant to even include them while speaking about the crime or potential solutions. Technology is changing too rapidly, and their old, broken systems can’t even dare to keep up. Think of it like the governments’ “War on Drugs.” Drugs won. In this case as well, the governments are not winning. The governments are talking about maybe having a meeting on potentially maybe having legislation around the crimes. The time to have that meeting would have been many years ago. I’m not advocating for governments to legislate our way out of this. I’m on the side of educating and innovating our way out of this.
I have been clear while advocating for the minor survivors of corporate tech platforms that I would not advocate for any solution to the crime that would violate digital privacy rights or erode end-to-end encryption. That has been a personal moral position that I was unwilling to budge on. This is an extremely unpopular and borderline nonexistent position in the anti-human trafficking movement and online child protection space. I’m often fearful that I’m wrong about this. I have always thought that a better pathway forward would have been to incentivize innovation for detection and removal of content. I had no previous exposure to privacy rights activists or Cypherpunks—actually, I came to that conclusion by listening to the voices of MENA region political dissidents and human rights activists. After developing relationships with human rights activists from around the globe, I realized how important privacy rights and encryption are for those who need it most globally. I was simply unwilling to give more power, control, and opportunities for mass surveillance to big abusers like governments wishing to enslave entire nations and untrustworthy corporate tech companies to potentially end some portion of abuses online. On top of all of it, it has been clear to me for years that all potential solutions outside of violating digital privacy rights to detect and remove child sexual exploitation online have not yet been explored aggressively. I’ve been disappointed that there hasn’t been more of a conversation around preventing the crime from happening in the first place.
What has been tried is mass surveillance. In China, they are currently under mass surveillance both online and offline, and their behaviors are attached to a social credit score. Unfortunately, even on state-run and controlled social media platforms, they still have child sexual exploitation and abuse imagery pop up along with other crimes and human rights violations. They also have a thriving black market online due to the oppression from the state. In other words, even an entire loss of freedom and privacy cannot end the sexual exploitation of children online. It’s been tried. There is no reason to repeat this method.
It took me an embarrassingly long time to figure out why I always felt a slight coldness from those in tech and privacy-minded individuals about the topic of child sexual exploitation online. I didn’t have any clue about the “Four Horsemen of the Infocalypse.” This is a term coined by Timothy C. May in 1988. I would have been a child myself when he first said it. I actually laughed at myself when I heard the phrase for the first time. I finally got it. The Cypherpunks weren’t wrong about that topic. They were so spot on that it is borderline uncomfortable. I was mad at first that they knew that early during the birth of the internet that this issue would arise and didn’t address it. Then I got over it because I realized that it wasn’t their job. Their job was—is—to write code. Their job wasn’t to be involved and loving parents or survivor advocates. Their job wasn’t to educate children on internet safety or raise awareness; their job was to write code.
They knew that child sexual abuse material would be shared on the internet. They said what would happen—not in a gleeful way, but a prediction. Then it happened.
I equate it now to a concrete company laying down a road. As you’re pouring the concrete, you can say to yourself, “A terrorist might travel down this road to go kill many, and on the flip side, a beautiful child can be born in an ambulance on this road.” Who or what travels down the road is not their responsibility—they are just supposed to lay the concrete. I’d never go to a concrete pourer and ask them to solve terrorism that travels down roads. Under the current system, law enforcement should stop terrorists before they even make it to the road. The solution to this specific problem is not to treat everyone on the road like a terrorist or to not build the road.
So I understand the perceived coldness from those in tech. Not only was it not their job, but bringing up the topic was seen as the equivalent of asking a free person if they wanted to discuss one of the four topics—child abusers, terrorists, drug dealers, intellectual property pirates, etc.—that would usher in digital authoritarianism for all who are online globally.
Privacy rights advocates and groups have put up a good fight. They stood by their principles. Unfortunately, when it comes to corporate tech, I believe that the issue of privacy is almost a complete lost cause at this point. It’s still worth pushing back, but ultimately, it is a losing battle—a ticking time bomb.
I do think that corporate tech providers could have slowed down the inevitable loss of privacy at the hands of the state by prioritizing the detection and removal of CSAM when they all started online. I believe it would have bought some time, fewer would have been traumatized by that specific crime, and I do believe that it could have slowed down the demand for content. If I think too much about that, I’ll go insane, so I try to push the “if maybes” aside, but never knowing if it could have been handled differently will forever haunt me. At night when it’s quiet, I wonder what I would have done differently if given the opportunity. I’ll probably never know how much corporate tech knew and ignored in the hopes that it would go away while the problem continued to get worse. They had different priorities. The most voiceless and vulnerable exploited on corporate tech never had much of a voice, so corporate tech providers didn’t receive very much pushback.
Now I’m about to say something really wild, and you can call me whatever you want to call me, but I’m going to say what I believe to be true. I believe that the governments are either so incompetent that they allowed the proliferation of CSAM online, or they knowingly allowed the problem to fester long enough to have an excuse to violate privacy rights and erode end-to-end encryption. The US government could have seized the corporate tech providers over CSAM, but I believe that they were so useful as a propaganda arm for the regimes that they allowed them to continue virtually unscathed.
That season is done now, and the governments are making the issue a priority. It will come at a high cost. Privacy on corporate tech providers is virtually done as I’m typing this. It feels like a death rattle. I’m not particularly sure that we had much digital privacy to begin with, but the illusion of a veil of privacy feels gone.
To make matters slightly more complex, it would be hard to convince me that once AI really gets going, digital privacy will exist at all.
I believe that there should be a conversation shift to preserving freedoms and human rights in a post-privacy society.
I don’t want to get locked up because AI predicted a nasty post online from me about the government. I’m not a doomer about AI—I’m just going to roll with it personally. I’m looking forward to the positive changes that will be brought forth by AI. I see it as inevitable. A bit of privacy was helpful while it lasted. Please keep fighting to preserve what is left of privacy either way because I could be wrong about all of this.
On the topic of AI, the addition of AI to the horrific crime of child sexual abuse material and child sexual exploitation in multiple ways so far has been devastating. It’s currently out of control. The genie is out of the bottle. I am hopeful that innovation will get us humans out of this, but I’m not sure how or how long it will take. We must be extremely cautious around AI legislation. It should not be illegal to innovate even if some bad comes with the good. I don’t trust that the governments are equipped to decide the best pathway forward for AI. Source: the entire history of the government.
I have been personally negatively impacted by AI-generated content. Every few days, I get another alert that I’m featured again in what’s called “deep fake pornography” without my consent. I’m not happy about it, but what pains me the most is the thought that for a period of time down the road, many globally will experience what myself and others are experiencing now by being digitally sexually abused in this way. If you have ever had your picture taken and posted online, you are also at risk of being exploited in this way. Your child’s image can be used as well, unfortunately, and this is just the beginning of this particular nightmare. It will move to more realistic interpretations of sexual behaviors as technology improves. I have no brave words of wisdom about how to deal with that emotionally. I do have hope that innovation will save the day around this specific issue. I’m nervous that everyone online will have to ID verify due to this issue. I see that as one possible outcome that could help to prevent one problem but inadvertently cause more problems, especially for those living under authoritarian regimes or anyone who needs to remain anonymous online. A zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) would probably be the best solution to these issues. There are some survivors of violence and/or sexual trauma who need to remain anonymous online for various reasons. There are survivor stories available online of those who have been abused in this way. I’d encourage you seek out and listen to their stories.
There have been periods of time recently where I hesitate to say anything at all because more than likely AI will cover most of my concerns about education, awareness, prevention, detection, and removal of child sexual exploitation online, etc.
Unfortunately, some of the most pressing issues we’ve seen online over the last few years come in the form of “sextortion.” Self-generated child sexual exploitation (SG-CSEM) numbers are continuing to be terrifying. I’d strongly encourage that you look into sextortion data. AI + sextortion is also a huge concern. The perpetrators are using the non-sexually explicit images of children and putting their likeness on AI-generated child sexual exploitation content and extorting money, more imagery, or both from minors online. It’s like a million nightmares wrapped into one. The wild part is that these issues will only get more pervasive because technology is harnessed to perpetuate horror at a scale unimaginable to a human mind.
Even if you banned phones and the internet or tried to prevent children from accessing the internet, it wouldn’t solve it. Child sexual exploitation will still be with us until as a society we start to prevent the crime before it happens. That is the only human way out right now.
There is no reset button on the internet, but if I could go back, I’d tell survivor advocates to heed the warnings of the early internet builders and to start education and awareness campaigns designed to prevent as much online child sexual exploitation as possible. The internet and technology moved quickly, and I don’t believe that society ever really caught up. We live in a world where a child can be groomed by a predator in their own home while sitting on a couch next to their parents watching TV. We weren’t ready as a species to tackle the fast-paced algorithms and dangers online. It happened too quickly for parents to catch up. How can you parent for the ever-changing digital world unless you are constantly aware of the dangers?
I don’t think that the internet is inherently bad. I believe that it can be a powerful tool for freedom and resistance. I’ve spoken a lot about the bad online, but there is beauty as well. We often discuss how victims and survivors are abused online; we rarely discuss the fact that countless survivors around the globe have been able to share their experiences, strength, hope, as well as provide resources to the vulnerable. I do question if giving any government or tech company access to censorship, surveillance, etc., online in the name of serving survivors might not actually impact a portion of survivors negatively. There are a fair amount of survivors with powerful abusers protected by governments and the corporate press. If a survivor cannot speak to the press about their abuse, the only place they can go is online, directly or indirectly through an independent journalist who also risks being censored. This scenario isn’t hard to imagine—it already happened in China. During #MeToo, a survivor in China wanted to post their story. The government censored the post, so the survivor put their story on the blockchain. I’m excited that the survivor was creative and brave, but it’s terrifying to think that we live in a world where that situation is a necessity.
I believe that the future for many survivors sharing their stories globally will be on completely censorship-resistant and decentralized protocols. This thought in particular gives me hope. When we listen to the experiences of a diverse group of survivors, we can start to understand potential solutions to preventing the crimes from happening in the first place.
My heart is broken over the gut-wrenching stories of survivors sexually exploited online. Every time I hear the story of a survivor, I do think to myself quietly, “What could have prevented this from happening in the first place?” My heart is with survivors.
My head, on the other hand, is full of the understanding that the internet should remain free. The free flow of information should not be stopped. My mind is with the innocent citizens around the globe that deserve freedom both online and offline.
The problem is that governments don’t only want to censor illegal content that violates human rights—they create legislation that is so broad that it can impact speech and privacy of all. “Don’t you care about the kids?” Yes, I do. I do so much that I’m invested in finding solutions. I also care about all citizens around the globe that deserve an opportunity to live free from a mass surveillance society. If terrorism happens online, I should not be punished by losing my freedom. If drugs are sold online, I should not be punished. I’m not an abuser, I’m not a terrorist, and I don’t engage in illegal behaviors. I refuse to lose freedom because of others’ bad behaviors online.
I want to be clear that on a long enough timeline, the governments will decide that they can be better parents/caregivers than you can if something isn’t done to stop minors from being sexually exploited online. The price will be a complete loss of anonymity, privacy, free speech, and freedom of religion online. I find it rather insulting that governments think they’re better equipped to raise children than parents and caretakers.
So we can’t go backwards—all that we can do is go forward. Those who want to have freedom will find technology to facilitate their liberation. This will lead many over time to decentralized and open protocols. So as far as I’m concerned, this does solve a few of my worries—those who need, want, and deserve to speak freely online will have the opportunity in most countries—but what about online child sexual exploitation?
When I popped up around the decentralized space, I was met with the fear of censorship. I’m not here to censor you. I don’t write code. I couldn’t censor anyone or any piece of content even if I wanted to across the internet, no matter how depraved. I don’t have the skills to do that.
I’m here to start a conversation. Freedom comes at a cost. You must always fight for and protect your freedom. I can’t speak about protecting yourself from all of the Four Horsemen because I simply don’t know the topics well enough, but I can speak about this one topic.
If there was a shortcut to ending online child sexual exploitation, I would have found it by now. There isn’t one right now. I believe that education is the only pathway forward to preventing the crime of online child sexual exploitation for future generations.
I propose a yearly education course for every child of all school ages, taught as a standard part of the curriculum. Ideally, parents/caregivers would be involved in the education/learning process.
Course: - The creation of the internet and computers - The fight for cryptography - The tech supply chain from the ground up (example: human rights violations in the supply chain) - Corporate tech - Freedom tech - Data privacy - Digital privacy rights - AI (history-current) - Online safety (predators, scams, catfishing, extortion) - Bitcoin - Laws - How to deal with online hate and harassment - Information on who to contact if you are being abused online or offline - Algorithms - How to seek out the truth about news, etc., online
The parents/caregivers, homeschoolers, unschoolers, and those working to create decentralized parallel societies have been an inspiration while writing this, but my hope is that all children would learn this course, even in government ran schools. Ideally, parents would teach this to their own children.
The decentralized space doesn’t want child sexual exploitation to thrive. Here’s the deal: there has to be a strong prevention effort in order to protect the next generation. The internet isn’t going anywhere, predators aren’t going anywhere, and I’m not down to let anyone have the opportunity to prove that there is a need for more government. I don’t believe that the government should act as parents. The governments have had a chance to attempt to stop online child sexual exploitation, and they didn’t do it. Can we try a different pathway forward?
I’d like to put myself out of a job. I don’t want to ever hear another story like John Doe #1 ever again. This will require work. I’ve often called online child sexual exploitation the lynchpin for the internet. It’s time to arm generations of children with knowledge and tools. I can’t do this alone.
Individuals have fought so that I could have freedom online. I want to fight to protect it. I don’t want child predators to give the government any opportunity to take away freedom. Decentralized spaces are as close to a reset as we’ll get with the opportunity to do it right from the start. Start the youth off correctly by preventing potential hazards to the best of your ability.
The good news is anyone can work on this! I’d encourage you to take it and run with it. I added the additional education about the history of the internet to make the course more educational and fun. Instead of cleaning up generations of destroyed lives due to online sexual exploitation, perhaps this could inspire generations of those who will build our futures. Perhaps if the youth is armed with knowledge, they can create more tools to prevent the crime.
This one solution that I’m suggesting can be done on an individual level or on a larger scale. It should be adjusted depending on age, learning style, etc. It should be fun and playful.
This solution does not address abuse in the home or some of the root causes of offline child sexual exploitation. My hope is that it could lead to some survivors experiencing abuse in the home an opportunity to disclose with a trusted adult. The purpose for this solution is to prevent the crime of online child sexual exploitation before it occurs and to arm the youth with the tools to contact safe adults if and when it happens.
In closing, I went to hell a few times so that you didn’t have to. I spoke to the mothers of survivors of minors sexually exploited online—their tears could fill rivers. I’ve spoken with political dissidents who yearned to be free from authoritarian surveillance states. The only balance that I’ve found is freedom online for citizens around the globe and prevention from the dangers of that for the youth. Don’t slow down innovation and freedom. Educate, prepare, adapt, and look for solutions.
I’m not perfect and I’m sure that there are errors in this piece. I hope that you find them and it starts a conversation.
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@ 502ab02a:a2860397
2025-05-04 03:13:06
เรารู้จักกับ Circadian Rhythm และ Infradian Rhythm แล้ว คราวนี้เรามารู้จักกับ Ultradian Rhythm กันครับ จากรากศัพท์ภาษาละติน คำว่า “Ultra” แปลว่า “มากกว่า” หรือ “ถี่กว่า” คำว่า diem” = แปลว่า "วัน" พอเอามารวมกันเป็น “ultradian” ก็หมายถึงวงจรชีวภาพที่เกิดขึ้น บ่อยกว่า 1 รอบต่อวัน (ความถี่สูงกว่ารอบ 24 ชั่วโมง) ไม่ใช่ “ยาวกว่า 1 วัน” สรุปเป็นภาษาง่ายๆคือ "จังหวะชีวภาพที่เกิดซ้ำ มากกว่า 1 ครั้งภายใน 24 ชั่วโมง"
หรือถ้าเราจะเรียงลำดับของ Rythm ทั้ง 3 ประเภทเราจะได้เป็น 1.Circadian Rhythm (ประมาณ 24 ชม.) 2.Ultradian Rhythm (น้อยกว่า 24 ชม.) 3.Infradian Rhythm (มากกว่า 24 ชม.)
สำหรับตัวอย่าง Ultradian Rhythm ที่สำคัญๆนะครับ เช่น 1. วัฏจักรการนอน (Sleep Cycle) ที่แต่ละรอบ จะอยู่ที่ราวๆ 90–120 นาที สลับกันไปมาระหว่าง NREM (หลับลึก) และ REM (ฝัน) อย่างที่สายสุขภาพเรียนรู้กันมาคือ ถ้าหลับสลับครบ 4–6 รอบ จะหลับสนิท ฟื้นเช้ามาสดชื่นแจ่มใสพักผ่อนเต็มที่
แสงเช้า-แดดอ่อนๆ ช่วยรีเซ็ต circadian แต่ก็ส่งผลให้ ultradian sleep cycle เริ่มต้นตรงจังหวะพอดี นอกจากนี้ยังมีสิ่งที่เรียกว่า Power nap ตอนแดดบ่าย (20–25 นาทีแดดอ่อน) จะช่วยกระตุ้น ultradian nap cycle ให้ตื่นขึ้นมาเป๊ะ ไม่งัวเงีย ให้เลือกจุดที่แดดยังอ่อน เช่น ริมหน้าต่างที่มีแดดผ่านมานุ่ม ๆ หรือใต้ต้นไม้ที่กรองแสงได้บางส่วน ไม่จำเป็นต้องนอนตากแดดโดยตรง แต่ให้ “รับแสงธรรมชาติ” พร้อมกับงีบ จะช่วยให้ circadian และ ultradian cycles ทำงานประสานกันได้ดีขึ้น
- การหลั่งฮอร์โมนแบบพัลซ์ หรือ Pulsatile Hormone Secretion คือรูปแบบการปล่อยฮอร์โมนออกมาจากต่อมต่าง ๆ ในร่างกายแบบเป็น “จังหวะ” หรือ “เป็นช่วง” (bursts/pulses) ไม่ใช่การหลั่งออกมาอย่างต่อเนื่องตลอดเวลา เช่น เทพแห่งการลดน้ำหนัก Growth Hormone (GH) หลั่งพุ่งตอนหลับลึกทุก 3–4 ชั่วโมง / Cortisol มีพัลซ์เล็กๆ ในวัน แม้หลักๆ จะเป็น circadian แต่ก็มี ultradian pulse ทุก 1–2 ชั่วโมง ได้เหมือนกัน / Insulin & Glucagon ชัดเลยชาว keto IF รู้ดีที่สุดว่า หลั่งเป็นรอบตามมื้ออาหารและช่วงพักระหว่างมื้อ
ลองนึกภาพว่า “แสงแดง” และ “อินฟราเรด” เปรียบเหมือนอาหารเช้าของเซลล์เรา เมื่อผิวเราโดนแดดอ่อน ๆ ในช่วงเช้าหรือบ่ายแก่ แสงเหล่านี้จะซึมเข้าไปกระตุ้น “โรงไฟฟ้าประจำเซลล์” (ไมโตคอนเดรีย) ให้ผลิตพลังงาน (ATP) ขึ้นมาเพิ่ม เหมือนเติมน้ำมันให้เครื่องยนต์วิ่งได้ลื่น พอเซลล์มีพลังงานมากขึ้น ในช่วงที่ร่างกายหลั่งฮอร์โมนการซ่อมแซมอย่าง “growth hormone” (GH) ร่างกายก็จะใช้พลังงานจากแสงนี้พร้อมกับฮอร์โมนในการซ่อมแซมกล้ามเนื้อและเนื้อเยื่อต่าง ๆ ได้เต็มประสิทธิภาพขึ้นนั่นเองครับ
- ช่วงเวลาการจดจ่อ หรือ Attention Span & Energy Cycle คนทั่วไปมีสมาธิ/พลังงานโฟกัสอยู่รอบละ 90 นาที หลังจากนั้นควรพัก 10–20 นาที หากฝืนต่อเนื่อง จะเกิดอาการอ่อนล้า สมาธิหลุด
Blue light เช้า จากแดดจะไปกระตุ้นในส่วนของ suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) ในสมองให้ปล่อยสารกระตุ้นความตื่นตัว (เช่น คอร์ติซอล) พอสมควร ซึ่งช่วยให้ ultradian cycle ของสมาธิ (โฟกัสได้ประมาณ 90 นาที) ทำงานเต็มประสิทธิภาพ ถ้าเช้าๆ ไม่เจอแดดเลย cycle นี้จะเลื่อนออกไป ทำให้รู้สึกง่วงเหงาหาวนอนเร็ว หรือโฟกัสไม่ได้นานตามปกติ เป็นที่มาของการเพลียแม้จะตื่นสายแล้วก็ตาม
- รอบความหิว หรือ Appetite & Digestive Rhythm ชื่อเท่ห์ป่ะหล่ะ 555 คือความหิวมาเป็นรอบตามวิธีการกินของแต่ละคน ซึ่งเป็นความสัมพันธ์กับ ฮอร์โมน GI (เช่น ghrelin, leptin) ก็วิ่งเป็นรอบเหมือนกัน
แสงแดดเช้า ช่วยตั้ง leptin/ghrelin baseline ให้สมดุล ลดการกินจุกจิกนอกมื้อได้ ส่วนแสงอ่อนๆ ตอนบ่ายช่วยบูสต์ blood flow ในทางเดินอาหาร ให้ digestion cycle หรือการดูดซึมสารอาหารตรงจังหวะ
แดดเป็นแค่ส่วนสำคัญในชีวิตแต่การใช้ Ultradian Rhythm มันต้องประกอบกับกิจกรรมอื่นๆด้วยนะครับ เช่น ทำงานหรืออ่านหนังสือ 90 นาที แล้ว พัก 15–20 นาที ยืดเส้นสาย เคลื่อนไหวเล็กน้อย, ออกกำลังกายให้ตรงจังหวะ, ในช่วง ultradian break พยายามลดการใช้จอมือถือ/คอมฯ ออกไปรับแสงธรรมชาติ หรือยืดเส้น เปิดเพลงเบาๆ เพื่อหลีกเลี่ยง "stimuli" ช่วง break หรือ สิ่งเร้าภายนอก ที่มากระตุ้นประสาทสัมผัสและสมองเรา
แสงแดดจึงเป็น ตัวตั้งเวลา (zeitgeber) ที่ไม่ได้แค่กับรอบวัน-เดือน-ปี แต่รวมถึงจังหวะสั้นๆ ภายในวันด้วย การใช้แสงธรรมชาติให้พอดีในแต่ละช่วง (เช้า เบรก บ่าย) จะช่วยให้ ultradian rhythms ในด้านสมาธิ การนอน ฮอร์โมน และการย่อยอาหาร ทำงานสอดคล้องกับจังหวะชีวิตที่เป็นธรรมชาติที่สุดครับ #pirateketo #SundaySpecialเราจะไปเป็นหมูแดดเดียว #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr
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@ 418a17eb:b64b2b3a
2025-04-26 21:45:33
In today’s world, many people chase after money. We often think that wealth equals success and happiness. But if we look closer, we see that money is just a tool. The real goal is freedom.
Money helps us access resources and experiences. It can open doors. But the constant pursuit of wealth can trap us. We may find ourselves stressed, competing with others, and feeling unfulfilled. The more we chase money, the more we might lose sight of what truly matters.
Freedom, on the other hand, is about choice. It’s the ability to live life on our own terms. When we prioritize freedom, we can follow our passions and build meaningful relationships. We can spend our time on what we love, rather than being tied down by financial worries.
True fulfillment comes from this freedom. It allows us to define success for ourselves. When we embrace freedom, we become more resilient and creative. We connect more deeply with ourselves and others. This sense of purpose often brings more happiness than money ever could.
In the end, money isn’t the ultimate goal. It’s freedom that truly matters. By focusing on living authentically and making choices that resonate with us, we can create a life filled with meaning and joy.
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@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5
2025-04-26 20:33:30
Status: Draft
Author: TheWildHustleAbstract
This NIP defines a framework for storing and sharing health and fitness profile data on Nostr. It establishes a set of standardized event kinds for individual health metrics, allowing applications to selectively access specific health information while preserving user control and privacy.
In this framework exists - NIP-101h.1 Weight using kind 1351 - NIP-101h.2 Height using kind 1352 - NIP-101h.3 Age using kind 1353 - NIP-101h.4 Gender using kind 1354 - NIP-101h.5 Fitness Level using kind 1355
Motivation
I want to build and support an ecosystem of health and fitness related nostr clients that have the ability to share and utilize a bunch of specific interoperable health metrics.
- Selective access - Applications can access only the data they need
- User control - Users can choose which metrics to share
- Interoperability - Different health applications can share data
- Privacy - Sensitive health information can be managed independently
Specification
Kind Number Range
Health profile metrics use the kind number range 1351-1399:
| Kind | Metric | | --------- | ---------------------------------- | | 1351 | Weight | | 1352 | Height | | 1353 | Age | | 1354 | Gender | | 1355 | Fitness Level | | 1356-1399 | Reserved for future health metrics |
Common Structure
All health metric events SHOULD follow these guidelines:
- The content field contains the primary value of the metric
- Required tags:
['t', 'health']- For categorizing as health data['t', metric-specific-tag]- For identifying the specific metric['unit', unit-of-measurement]- When applicable- Optional tags:
['converted_value', value, unit]- For providing alternative unit measurements['timestamp', ISO8601-date]- When the metric was measured['source', application-name]- The source of the measurement
Unit Handling
Health metrics often have multiple ways to be measured. To ensure interoperability:
- Where multiple units are possible, one standard unit SHOULD be chosen as canonical
- When using non-standard units, a
converted_valuetag SHOULD be included with the canonical unit - Both the original and converted values should be provided for maximum compatibility
Client Implementation Guidelines
Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:
- Allow users to explicitly choose which metrics to publish
- Support reading health metrics from other users when appropriate permissions exist
- Support updating metrics with new values over time
- Preserve tags they don't understand for future compatibility
- Support at least the canonical unit for each metric
Extensions
New health metrics can be proposed as extensions to this NIP using the format:
- NIP-101h.X where X is the metric number
Each extension MUST specify: - A unique kind number in the range 1351-1399 - The content format and meaning - Required and optional tags - Examples of valid events
Privacy Considerations
Health data is sensitive personal information. Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:
- Make it clear to users when health data is being published
- Consider incorporating NIP-44 encryption for sensitive metrics
- Allow users to selectively share metrics with specific individuals
- Provide easy ways to delete previously published health data
NIP-101h.1: Weight
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing weight data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1351
Content
The content field MUST contain the numeric weight value as a string.
Required Tags
- ['unit', 'kg' or 'lb'] - Unit of measurement
- ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
- ['t', 'weight'] - Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
- ['converted_value', value, unit] - Provides the weight in alternative units for interoperability
- ['timestamp', ISO8601 date] - When the weight was measured
Examples
json { "kind": 1351, "content": "70", "tags": [ ["unit", "kg"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"] ] }json { "kind": 1351, "content": "154", "tags": [ ["unit", "lb"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"], ["converted_value", "69.85", "kg"] ] }NIP-101h.2: Height
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing height data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1352
Content
The content field can use two formats: - For metric height: A string containing the numeric height value in centimeters (cm) - For imperial height: A JSON string with feet and inches properties
Required Tags
['t', 'health']- Categorization tag['t', 'height']- Specific metric tag['unit', 'cm' or 'imperial']- Unit of measurement
Optional Tags
['converted_value', value, 'cm']- Provides height in centimeters for interoperability when imperial is used['timestamp', ISO8601-date]- When the height was measured
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Metric height Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Imperial height with conversion Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Centimeters (cm) is the canonical unit for height interoperability
- When using imperial units, a conversion to centimeters SHOULD be provided
- Height values SHOULD be positive integers
- For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support both formats
NIP-101h.3: Age
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing age data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1353
Content
The content field MUST contain the numeric age value as a string.
Required Tags
['unit', 'years']- Unit of measurement['t', 'health']- Categorization tag['t', 'age']- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]- When the age was recorded['dob', ISO8601-date]- Date of birth (if the user chooses to share it)
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic age Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Age with DOB Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Age SHOULD be represented as a positive integer
- For privacy reasons, date of birth (dob) is optional
- Clients SHOULD consider updating age automatically if date of birth is known
- Age can be a sensitive metric and clients may want to consider encrypting this data
NIP-101h.4: Gender
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing gender data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1354
Content
The content field contains a string representing the user's gender.
Required Tags
['t', 'health']- Categorization tag['t', 'gender']- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]- When the gender was recorded['preferred_pronouns', string]- User's preferred pronouns
Common Values
While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - male - female - non-binary - other - prefer-not-to-say
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic gender Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Gender with pronouns Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Clients SHOULD allow free-form input for gender
- For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support the common values
- Gender is a sensitive personal attribute and clients SHOULD consider appropriate privacy controls
- Applications focusing on health metrics should be respectful of gender diversity
NIP-101h.5: Fitness Level
Status: Draft
Description
This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing fitness level data on Nostr.
Event Kind: 1355
Content
The content field contains a string representing the user's fitness level.
Required Tags
['t', 'health']- Categorization tag['t', 'fitness']- Fitness category tag['t', 'level']- Specific metric tag
Optional Tags
['timestamp', ISO8601-date]- When the fitness level was recorded['activity', activity-type]- Specific activity the fitness level relates to['metrics', JSON-string]- Quantifiable fitness metrics used to determine level
Common Values
While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - beginner - intermediate - advanced - elite - professional
Examples
```jsx // Example 1: Basic fitness level Apply to App.jsx
// Example 2: Activity-specific fitness level with metrics Apply to App.jsx ```
Implementation Notes
- Fitness level is subjective and may vary by activity
- The activity tag can be used to specify fitness level for different activities
- The metrics tag can provide objective measurements to support the fitness level
- Clients can extend this format to include activity-specific fitness assessments
- For general fitness apps, the simple beginner/intermediate/advanced scale is recommended
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@ 211c0393:e9262c4d
2025-05-04 02:32:24
**日本の覚せい剤ビジネスの闇：
警察、暴力団、そして「沈黙の共犯関係」の真相**
1. 暴力団の支配構造（公的データに基づく）
- 輸入依存の理由：
- 国内製造は困難（平成6年「覚せい剤原料規制法」で規制強化）→ ミャンマー・中国からの密輸が主流（国連薬物犯罪事務所「World Drug Report 2023」）。
- 暴力団の利益率：1kgあたり仕入れ価格30万円 → 小売価格500万～1000万円（警察庁「薬物情勢報告書」2022年）。
2. 警察と暴力団の「共生関係」
- 逮捕統計の不自然さ：
- 全薬物逮捕者の70％が単純所持（厚生労働省「薬物乱用状況」2023年）。
- 密輸組織の摘発は全体の5％未満（東京地検特捜部データ）。
- メディアの検証：
- NHKスペシャル「覚せい剤戦争」（2021年）で指摘された「末端ユーザー優先捜査」の実態。
3. 矛盾する現実
- 需要の不可視性：
- G7で最高の覚せい剤価格（1gあたり3～7万円、欧米の3倍）→ 暴力団の暴利（財務省「組織犯罪資金流動調査」）。
- 使用者率は低い（人口の0.2％、国連調査）が、逮捕者の過半数を占める矛盾。
4. 「密輸組織対策」の限界
- 国際的な失敗例：
- メキシコ（カルテル摘発後も市場拡大）、欧州（合成薬物の蔓延）→ 代替組織が即座に台頭（英「The Economist」2023年6月号）。
- 日本の地理的ハンデ：
- 海上密輸の摘発率は10％未満（海上保安庁報告）。
5. 解決策の再考（事実に基づく提案）
- ADHD治療薬の合法化：
- アメリカ精神医学会「ADHD患者の60％が自己治療で違法薬物使用」（2019年研究）。
- 日本ではリタリン・アデロール禁止→ 暴力団の市場独占。
- 労働環境改革：
- 過労死ライン超えの労働者20％（厚労省「労働時間調査」2023年）→ 覚せい剤需要の一因。
6. 告発のリスクと情報源
- 匿名性の重要性：
- 過去の暴力団報復事例（2018年、告発記者への脅迫事件・毎日新聞報道）。
- 公的データのみ引用：
- 例：「警察庁統計」「国連報告書」など第三者検証可能な情報。
結論：変革のためには「事実」の可視化が必要
「薬物＝個人の道徳的問題」という幻想が、暴力団と腐敗官僚を利している。
国際データと国内統計の矛盾を突くことで、システムの欺瞞を暴ける。安全な共有のために：
- 個人特定を避け、匿名プラットフォーム（Tor上フォーラム等）で議論。
- 公的機関のデータを直接リンク（例：警察庁PDFレポート）。
この文書は、公表された統計・メディア報道のみを根拠とし、個人の推測を排除しています。
脅威を避けるため、具体的な個人・組織の非難は意図的に避けています。 -
@ a29cfc65:484fac9c
2025-05-04 16:20:03
Bei einer Führung durch den Naumburger Dom sprach der Domführer über Propaganda im Mittelalter. Die gefühlvollen Gesichtsausdrücke der steinernen Stifterfiguren rund um die berühmte Uta sollten das Volk beeinflussen. Darüber haben wir auf der Heimfahrt nach Leipzig philosophiert und fanden den Denkansatz spannend. Denn auch wenn es damals nicht Propaganda hieß, so gab es doch Interessen der Mächtigen, die sie gegenüber dem Volk durchsetzten. Sie bedienten sich dabei der damals verfügbaren „Medien“, zu denen die Kirche gehörte, wo sich das Volk zum Gottesdienst traf.
Kulturelle Identität Europas
Mitteldeutschland ist ein Zentrum mittelalterlicher Baukunst. Der Naumburger Dom St. Peter und Paul wurde auf den Grundmauern einer noch älteren Kirche im 13. Jahrhundert gebaut. Er ist weltweit einzigartig in seiner Architektur, Bildhauerkunst und Glasmalerei. Seit 2018 ist er Unesco-Weltkulturerbe. Die Stadt Naumburg hatte einst die gleiche Bedeutung wie Merseburg, Magdeburg oder Leipzig. Der Dom – von der Spätromanik bis in die Frühgotik unter Leitung eines heute unbekannten Bildhauerarchitekten errichtet – gilt als Meisterwerk menschlicher Schöpferkraft und Handwerkskunst. Die naturwissenschaftlich-physikalischen Kenntnisse der Menschen waren offensichtlich enorm. Sie verfügten über das Wissen zur Planung und über entsprechende Werk- und Hebezeuge, um solche Bauwerke in relativ kurzer Zeit errichten zu können.
Im Westchor des Doms befinden sich mit den zwölf lebensgroßen Stifterfiguren die bekanntesten Kunstwerke des Doms, unter ihnen Uta von Ballenstedt. Sie soll Walt Disney als Quelle für die schöne und sehr stolze Königin im Zeichentrickfilm Schneewittchen gedient haben. Das Besondere und Neue an den steinernen Stifterfiguren war ihre realitätsnahe Darstellung, die sie lebendig und ausdrucksstark wirken lässt. Sie sind ein Höhepunkt in der Steinmetzkunst der damaligen Zeit. Die Figuren wurden, obschon die dargestellten Personen bereits mehr als 200 Jahre tot waren, mit charakteristischen Gesichtsausdrücken dargestellt: Uta schaut schön und stolz in die Ferne, ihr Gatte Ekkehard wirkt etwas hochmütig. Gegenüber steht die lachende Reglindis neben ihrem wehmütig-leidend blickenden Mann Hermann von Meißen.
Der Domführer sagte, dass die Gesichtsausdrücke menschliche Verhaltensweisen darstellen, die bei den Kirchenbesuchern unerwünscht waren. Wir hätten es hier mit einer sehr frühen Form der Propaganda zu tun. Die katholische Kirche war Vorreiter in Sachen Propaganda. Sie hat etwa 400 Jahre später, im Jahr 1622, mit der Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide ein Amt gegründet, das den „richtigen“ Glauben in die Welt tragen sollte, und erst 1967 umbenannt wurde. Aber ihre gesellschaftlich führende Position hatte damals auch eine positive Seite: Den Kirchen und Klöstern haben wir den Erhalt und die Weitergabe antiken Wissens zu verdanken. Europa konnte sich trotz der politischen Zersplitterung seine kulturelle Identität erhalten. Zum Beispiel lässt sich das Wirken des namenlosen Domschöpfers anhand der Bau- und Kunstwerke quer durch Europa von Nordfrankreich über Mainz nach Naumburg und Meißen nachvollziehen. Aus der weiteren Entwicklung von Kunst und Kultur in Europa entstand in der Renaissance die Philosophie des Humanismus und später daraus die Aufklärung mit ihrer Wirkung auf Literatur und Wissenschaft. Ziel war dabei immer eine Stärkung des Gemeinwesens.
Transhumanismus zerstört Gemeinschaften
Heute scheinen wir uns allerdings an einer Bruchstelle der gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung zu befinden. Die Kirchen spielen in unserer Gesellschaft kaum noch eine Rolle. Weder bringen sie sich in ethische Diskussionen hörbar ein, noch tragen sie die Entwicklung von Kunst und Kultur sichtbar voran. Ihre Rolle im Bereich Propaganda haben längst Zeitungen und Zeitschriften, Rundfunk und Fernsehen übernommen. Diese Medien haben eine größere Reichweite, und die psychologische Beeinflussung ist umfassender. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde die Manipulation der Massen stark intensiviert und nahm nach dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion noch weiter an Fahrt auf. Der Liberalismus konnte auf allen Gebieten seinen Siegeszug antreten, stellte das Individuum in den Mittelpunkt und erhob den Markt zur heiligen Kuh. Im Laufe der Zeit wurden die humanistischen Ideen der Aufklärung in ihr Gegenteil verkehrt. Der Mensch wurde als fehlerhaftes Wesen identifiziert, in die Vereinzelung getrieben, bevormundet und gegängelt – angeblich, damit er sich nicht selbst schadet. Zur psychologischen Beeinflussung kommen die neuen technischen Möglichkeiten aus Bio-Nano-Neuro-Wissenschaften und Digitalisierung. Der Transhumanismus wurde als neues Ziel für die Menschheit ausgerufen. Der Einzelne soll biologisch und technisch perfektioniert werden. Gemeinschaften – von der Familie angefangen – treibt das in die Bedeutungslosigkeit. Es besteht die Gefahr, dass persönliche Integrität und Privatsphäre durch Eingriffe in Körper- und Geistesfunktionen verletzt werden. Eine neue Aufklärung ist nötig. Denn sehr viel von dem über die Jahrhunderte erlangten Wissen ging schon verloren oder ist nur noch versteckt in den Bibliotheken und Archiven der Kirchen zu finden. Die Besinnung auf die vergessenen beziehungsweise verdrängten Grundlagen und Ideale der Aufklärung kann diese Entwicklung abwenden. Die Kulturschätze Mitteleuropas vermitteln in ihrer Schönheit und Vollkommenheit die Ruhe und die zeitlichen und räumlichen Dimensionen, die wir brauchen, wenn wir über die Frage nachdenken, wie wir in Zukunft leben wollen.
Die Rolle der neuen Medien für die zukünftige Entwicklung
Von den Alt-Medien ist in dieser Hinsicht nichts zu erwarten. Sie werden finanziert und sind unterwandert von den Kräften, die transhumanistische Entwicklungen vorantreiben. Die „neue Aufklärung“ ist ein lohnenswertes Ziel für die neuen Medien. Diese lassen sich jedoch noch zu sehr von den aktuellen Themen der Alt-Medien treiben. Der Angst-Propaganda begegnen sie mit – Ängsten, wenn auch anders ausgerichtet. Einige reiten die Empörungswelle in Gegenrichtung zu den Alt-Medien. Manche Betreiber von „alternativen“ Finanz- und Wirtschaftskanälen wollen ihre eigenen marktgläubigen Produkte an den Mann bringen. Stattdessen sollten in den neuen Medien positive Nachrichten verbreitet und eigene Themenfelder eröffnet werden, denen sich die Alt-Medien verweigern:
· der Mensch und seine Bildung zur souveränen, selbständig denkenden und handelnden Persönlichkeit,
· die Entwicklung des eigenen Bewusstseins, um der Fremdbestimmung zu entkommen und zu Wahrhaftigkeit, Authentizität und Menschlichkeit zu gelangen,
· die Entwicklung des Gemeinwohls,
· die Frage, wie wir neue Gemeinschaften bis hin zu autarken Gemeinden gründen können – wichtiger, je mehr das gesellschaftliche System um uns herum zusammenbricht.
Direkt sichtbar ist der letzte Punkt am Niedergang der Architektur und am Zustand der Innenstädte: Die reich dekorierten Gebäude der Gründerzeit wurden nach ihrer Zerstörung im Zweiten Weltkrieg durch gleichförmig rechteckige Gebäude aus Beton und Glas ersetzt. Dazu kamen die in allen Städten austauschbar gleichen Ladenzeilen und in den letzten Jahren Dreck und Schmierereien, die nicht mehr weggeräumt werden.
Die gesellschaftlichen Verwerfungen der Corona-Zeit führten bei vielen Menschen zum Innehalten und Nachdenken über Sinn und Ziele ihres Lebens. So entstanden einige Pilotprojekte, zum Beispiel in den Bereichen Landwirtschaft, Gesundheitswesen und Bildung. Diese auf die Zukunft gerichteten Themen könnten in den neuen Medien umfangreicher vorgestellt und diskutiert werden. Manova setzt schon solche Schwerpunkte mit „The Great WeSet“ von Walter van Rossum sowie mit den Kategorien „Zukunft & Neue Wege“ sowie „Aufwind“. Der Kontrafunk hat Formate entwickelt, die das Gemeinwohl stärker in den Fokus setzen wie etwa die Kultur- und Wissenschaftsrubrik. Nuoviso hat einen eigenen Songcontest ins Leben gerufen. Neben der inhaltlichen Ausrichtung auf eine lebenswerte Zukunft gilt es auch, die technologische Basis der neuen Medien zukunftsfest zu machen und sich der digitalen Zensur zu entziehen. Milosz Matuschek geht mit dem Pareto-Projekt neue Wege. Es könnte zur unzensierbaren Plattform der neuen Medien werden. Denn wie er sagt: Man baut sein neues Haus doch auch nicht auf dem Boden, der einem anderen gehört.
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@ 0c87e540:8a0292f2
2025-05-04 01:53:02
A plataforma 188W tem se destacado como uma das opções mais confiáveis e empolgantes para jogadores brasileiros que buscam entretenimento de alto nível no mundo dos jogos online. Com um ambiente moderno, seguro e recheado de funcionalidades, o site oferece uma experiência completa, indo muito além das expectativas do público que procura lazer aliado à tecnologia de ponta.
Introdução à Plataforma 188W Desde sua chegada ao mercado, o 188W vem conquistando espaço e fidelizando usuários graças à sua interface intuitiva, sistema de navegação simplificado e compatibilidade com todos os dispositivos — seja computador, tablet ou smartphone. A proposta é clara: oferecer uma plataforma prática e acessível para jogadores de todos os perfis, desde os iniciantes até os mais experientes.
Além de um visual atrativo, o site se destaca por sua segurança. A proteção de dados dos usuários é prioridade, utilizando criptografia de última geração e protocolos rigorosos para garantir uma experiência tranquila e confiável.
Catálogo de Jogos Variado e Emocionante O 188W apresenta um portfólio amplo de jogos para todos os gostos. Entre os destaques estão as slots online (conhecidas como caça-níqueis virtuais), com centenas de opções que variam entre temas clássicos e modernos, gráficos vibrantes e trilhas sonoras imersivas. Esses jogos são desenvolvidos por fornecedores renomados, o que garante qualidade e desempenho técnico superior.
Para quem prefere desafios estratégicos, a plataforma oferece também jogos de cartas e roleta online, que permitem ao usuário testar suas habilidades e explorar diferentes modos de jogo. Muitos desses jogos são ao vivo, com transmissão em tempo real e interatividade com crupiês profissionais, o que torna a experiência ainda mais autêntica e envolvente.
Os fãs de esportes também encontram espaço no 188W. A seção de apostas esportivas é completa, com cobertura de dezenas de modalidades, como futebol, basquete, tênis, MMA, entre outros. É possível apostar antes ou durante os jogos, aproveitando as melhores odds do mercado e diversas promoções exclusivas.
A Experiência do Jogador no 188W Um dos principais diferenciais da plataforma é o foco total na experiência do usuário. Desde o cadastro rápido até o suporte ao cliente 24 horas, tudo é pensado para que o jogador se sinta valorizado e tenha acesso fácil a todas as funcionalidades.
Os bônus de boas-vindas são generosos e frequentes, oferecendo vantagens reais para novos usuários. Além disso, o 188W costuma lançar promoções temáticas, desafios semanais e sorteios especiais que tornam a jornada ainda mais divertida.
O suporte ao cliente é outro ponto forte da plataforma. Com atendimento em português via chat ao vivo, e-mail e WhatsApp, a equipe está sempre pronta para ajudar com dúvidas, problemas técnicos ou informações sobre pagamentos e retiradas.
O sistema de pagamentos também é eficiente e seguro. O 188W aceita diversos métodos populares no Brasil, incluindo PIX, transferências bancárias, carteiras digitais e boletos. As retiradas são processadas rapidamente, muitas vezes em menos de 24 horas.
Conclusão O 188W é muito mais do que uma simples plataforma de jogos. Ele representa um ambiente completo, onde entretenimento, segurança e inovação caminham juntos. Com um catálogo vasto, suporte de qualidade e uma experiência de usuário pensada nos mínimos detalhes, o site se firma como uma excelente escolha para quem busca diversão com praticidade e confiança.
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@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833
2025-03-18 10:44:40
In this edition, we’re thrilled to sit down with Tomek K from Bitcoin Alby, a passionate advocate for Bitcoin’s global adoption. Tomek K shares how Alby is driving innovation in the Bitcoin ecosystem and offers a glimpse into his vision for the cryptocurrency’s future. From his journey as a libertarian activist to co-founding the Bitcoin Film Festival, Tomek K’s story is one of curiosity, purpose, and a relentless pursuit of freedom through technology.
YakiHonne: Tomek K, it’s a pleasure to meet you! Today, we’re diving into your community topic—Alby Wallet. But before we begin, let me introduce our readers to Yakihonne. Yakihonne is a decentralized media client powered by the Nostr protocol, dedicated to promoting free speech through technology. It empowers creators to truly own their voices and assets, offering features like smart filtering, verified notes, and a focus on long-form content. So, Tomek, could you tell us about yourself and your work with Alby?
Tomek K: Of course! I’m Tomek K, originally from Poland, and right now, I’m speaking to you from Sri Lanka. I love traveling and observing how different countries adopt Bitcoin. For most of my career, I’ve been a free-market advocate, promoting economic freedom through various projects—essentially doing PR for capitalism. I’ve organized conferences, political demonstrations, economic seminars, summer festivals, and even opened a bar in Warsaw to spread these ideas in different ways.
During this advocacy work, I came across Bitcoin. At first, I didn’t pay much attention to it, but over time, I started feeling frustrated—our efforts raised awareness about freedom, but they didn’t bring measurable change. That led me to study Bitcoin more deeply, and I gradually shifted my focus to Bitcoin activism. Along the way, I collaborated with publishers to translate Bitcoin-related books into Polish and co-founded the Bitcoin Film Festival with friends from Meetup. Later, I joined Alby, marking my transition from free-market activism to Bitcoin promotion.
At the Bitcoin Film Festival, I handle operations and networking—organizing the event, managing logistics, and making things happen. Our team is small, but I enjoy the work. I’m passionate about Bitcoin because I came for the revolution, and I’m staying for the revolution.
That said, I don’t consider myself a Bitcoin absolutist. I see Bitcoin as a tool for freedom, not just a currency or a more efficient technology. If there were a better tool for advancing liberty and making societies freer, I’d probably focus on that. But for now, Bitcoin appears to be the most effective tool for freedom. Ultimately, I consider myself a “life maximalist”—because to live a good life, you need freedom, and to have freedom today, you need sound money. And right now, that money is Bitcoin.
YakiHonne: Was there a specific moment or event that sparked your interest in Bitcoin and motivated you to join the Alby community?
Tomek K: What attracted me to Bitcoin was its promise of global monetary independence and its ability to reduce the control of the Federal Reserve, central banks, and governments—the strongest and most covert control mechanisms in the world. Unfortunately, many people, even libertarians, often overlook this.
As for why I joined Alby, it’s because this startup is driven by values and mission rather than simply chasing profits, like selling tokens or games. This aligns well with my interest in the Lightning Network. As I explored Lightning more deeply, I came across Alby. I’ve always enjoyed testing new tools, trying them firsthand, and understanding the communities behind them—so naturally, I became part of it. Along the way, I also got to know some of the team members, which reinforced my involvement.
Additionally, Alby supported the Bitcoin Film Festival. While they weren’t the largest sponsor, their contribution was generous. The festival served as a great platform for them and other projects. I think it was good marketing because people like me—who have strong networking skills, arrange podcast interviews, and organize various activities—help build awareness and positive PR. That was part of my role.
If I had to pinpoint a single defining moment that led me here, I honestly couldn’t. Becoming a Bitcoiner doesn’t happen overnight. You can’t just read The Bitcoin Standard, declare that you understand Bitcoin, and instantly become a maximalist. Anyone who’s intellectually honest will admit that it takes multiple touchpoints—articles, films, career shifts, essays, hands-on experimentation, and actually using Bitcoin—to truly grasp its significance. I had many such moments along the way: reading The Bitcoin Standard, learning from friends who had a deeper understanding of Bitcoin, and working at Alby, which further expanded my knowledge of the Lightning Network’s capabilities and limitations. It wasn’t one turning point but a series of pivotal experiences that shaped my path.
YakiHonne: How did the Alby community start, and how did it attract its first members?
Tomek K: When I joined Alby, the community had already been established for some time. It originally emerged within the browser design community, where early users helped developers refine the product by providing feedback. That’s how the first members joined, and this process has been ongoing for four years now.
As for how Alby attracted members, it was through a mix of channels—social media (Twitter, Telegram, Discord), email engagement, and active participation in Bitcoin conferences. But the core strategy has always been openness, engaging with users, and listening to their feedback. Sometimes that means making a joke, sometimes defending against unfair criticism, and other times implementing requested features. We’ve always worked to maintain an active and friendly community atmosphere.
We also host bi-weekly community calls, which are a central part of our activities. Every two weeks, available team members meet with users for open Q&A sessions, issue discussions, and demonstrations of various projects integrating with Alby. I’ve participated in some of these calls, and they help maintain strong relationships with users, developers, and other projects—something crucial for the ecosystem. The Bitcoin technology landscape is somewhat fragmented, and grassroots coordination is necessary since there’s no single leader defining terminology or coding practices.
That’s also why Alby doesn’t exist in isolation. Almost everything we’ve built has been made possible by the creators of previous libraries, prior codebases, and collaborative efforts in writing specifications for protocols. Projects like Yakihonne and many others also recognize the importance of open-source collaboration. I think it’s essential to acknowledge the contributions of the open-source community. One thing I really appreciate is that Bitcoiners are driving open-source development in virtually every part of the world, all working toward a shared and meaningful goal.
YakiHonne:Were there any notable challenges in the early days that left a strong impression on you?
Tomek K :When I first joined Alby, I struggled with a bit of imposter syndrome for months. I was handling PR for the project, but I didn’t fully understand all the technical details—how certain protocols interact or what’s happening under the hood. It took time to get familiar with everything and really feel like I belonged.
Regulatory pressure has also been a huge challenge. In some cases, developers have been arrested, projects have had to leave certain countries, and users have been geoblocked based on their location. But challenges like these can also drive innovation. For example, Alby developed AlbyHub, an open-source self-custodial node, as a response to these kinds of issues.
There are always risks in this space—governments might suddenly demand a banking license or require compliance with new regulations. These are real obstacles, but we tackle them by embracing decentralization and open-source solutions. That’s how we ensure the project stays true to its mission and vision.
YakiHonne:If someone wanted to start a Bitcoin community today or grow an existing one, what advice would you give them?
Tomek K: The most important thing is to just get started. A community begins with action, and it takes more than one person. Even if it’s just you and a friend grabbing a beer, that’s already a start. Maybe after the first or second meetup, you post on Meetup.com, Twitter, or local forums:"Hey, we’re hosting a Bitcoin meetup in this city. We just want to connect with other Bitcoiners!" If you keep doing it consistently, the community will naturally grow. Over time, the bar where you meet might get interested in accepting Bitcoin, or you might meet some OGs in your area who decide to join—maybe they already run a business and want to support what you’re doing.
You don’t have to over-plan everything from the start. No need to think, “We need a podcast, 10 episodes, a logo…”—all that can come later. Just bootstrap it: organize a meetup, grab a beer, and get going. As you go, you’ll adapt, improve, and build recognition.Beyond that, it’s a great way to meet other Bitcoiners, develop leadership skills, and learn about community building. And at the very least, you’ll have fun doing it—which, honestly, is one of the main reasons I keep organizing meetups and other activities.
YakiHonne: Exactly, the key is to take action—just start and see where it leads. Does your community focus more on Bitcoin’s technical aspects, like coding and development, or do you emphasize non-technical areas such as education and outreach? Or do you try to balance both?
Tomek K: Our users come from all kinds of backgrounds. Some are very engaged and provide feedback regularly, while others prefer to stay in the background. Some attend our community calls, and within that group, some are developers actively building projects and collaborating with us. At the same time, there are developers we know are out there, but they never directly engage with us. That’s just how the Bitcoin community works—there’s no strict definition of being part of Alby. People engage in their own way. Some users are active on Discord, some aren’t, but we treat them all as part of the family, keeping them informed through newsletters, offering support, and making sure they stay updated with what’s happening at Alby.
As for whether we lean more toward technical development or non-technical outreach, there’s no clear-cut answer. Our community is diverse—we cater to a wide range of Lightning Network users. Some just use the browser extension, while others are deeply involved in our ecosystem. We also work with NGOs, educational initiatives, and community organizations. At the same time, we place a strong emphasis on developers and maintaining good relationships with them. Our repositories and developer portal offer useful libraries and examples, making it easier for both aspiring and experienced developers to integrate the Lightning Network into their projects. Developer relations are something we consider highly important.
YakiHonne: I understand that you're also the founder of another Bitcoin-related film project. Could you tell us a bit about it? What exactly inspired you to combine Bitcoin and filmmaking?
Tomek K: Yes, I founded Bitcoin Film Fest to help build what I call Bitcoin Cinema—an emerging industry that blends Bitcoin and filmmaking. I wanted to track everything happening at the intersection of these two worlds. Just like e-commerce, energy, and information technology, I believe the film industry will eventually be shaped by Bitcoin. And in fact, it’s already happening. There are Bitcoin-themed movies, and even major Hollywood productions have started including Bitcoin references. Bitcoin filmmakers, Bitcoin culture, and even a Bitcoin subculture already exist. We have our own heroes, stories, and values, and from this, films are being created. I love cinema, and I love Bitcoin—this was my way of bringing the two together.
The festival itself happened somewhat by accident—but maybe it was meant to be. It all started in Warsaw when I was organizing a Bitcoin meetup. I planned to screen a Bitcoin documentary, but due to technical issues, it didn’t happen. So, over a few beers, we came up with an idea: if we couldn’t show one film, why not go all in and create a full-scale Bitcoin film festival? We started researching and realized there were enough Bitcoin-related films out there to make it happen. So, we did.
The response from the community was overwhelmingly positive. It became clear that people wanted a space for Bitcoin cinema—a hub for information, networking, and collaboration. We started using the term “Binema” (Bitcoin Cinema) to describe this emerging genre. I find it fascinating to witness the growth of Bitcoin culture and storytelling. Before this, I had followed libertarian artistic movements closely, and now I see how important culture is for Bitcoin’s adoption—it’s not just about the technical and financial aspects.
Bitcoin adoption isn’t going to happen overnight, and it won’t happen without developers, educators, infrastructure builders, UX designers, and many others contributing to the ecosystem. Culture is one of the most powerful tools for shaping society, and I, like many others, am working to bring Bitcoin adoption closer through film. We’re witnessing the early days of Bitcoin cinema. I missed out on the birth of traditional cinema, but this time, I want to be part of it.
YakiHonne:In your region, does the government support or oppose Bitcoin? How has this stance impacted the development of the Bitcoin community so far?
Tomek K :Bitcoin doesn’t concern itself with nation-state borders, and frankly, we don’t either. The situation in Poland has little influence on what we do. The only connection is that I, along with two others, happen to be in Poland, but most of our team is globally distributed. On a broader scale, the U.S. tends to shape regulatory trends, and unfortunately, it often does so in a more restrictive way. However, Poland itself hasn’t had a significant impact on our work.
YakiHonne:Has your Bitcoin Film Fest community ever used film as a way to connect with members—perhaps by watching a Bitcoin-related movie or hosting a movie night to make things more fun and engaging? Have you done anything like that before?
Tomek K:Yes, absolutely! The film festival itself is a great example—we watch movies together and build a community around them. Aside from the festival we organized in Warsaw, we've also hosted film screenings at various Bitcoin events, like Sats and Facts in Thailand, BTC Prague, Plan B Lugano, Frimadera, Adopting Bitcoin, and several other conferences. We also organize online watch parties—actually, there's one happening next Sunday. The movie is available on Prime Video, but we'll sync up on Discord to watch it together, chat, and share our thoughts. We'll be announcing it on Twitter, so if you check Bitcoin Film Fest on Twitter, you'll find details on how to join.
Film has been a great way to connect with members and spark discussions. We've seen Bitcoin meetups worldwide organizing movie nights—our volunteer friends in Montenegro have hosted one, and our partners in Kenya and South Africa have done the same. Lately, movie nights have been happening more and more frequently, which is exciting.
It's still early—after all, Bitcoin is only 16 years old, so the selection of Bitcoin movies is still relatively small. Many of these films haven’t had large budgets or massive talent pools yet, but that’s changing. Right now, we’re primarily focused on showing films within the Bitcoin community rather than creating films aimed at the general public. That said, those kinds of projects are also emerging. I’m optimistic about the growth of Bitcoin cinema—better storytelling, AI-driven advancements, increasing interest from audiences, and even sponsors willing to invest in filmmakers. Big things are coming, and while we already have some great Bitcoin films, the best is yet to come. We’re still in the early days, and this is the time to contribute and help shape the future of Bitcoin cinema.
YakiHonne:We’ve come to the end of today’s interview, and I’ve truly enjoyed every moment of it. I’m very sure your idea will be incredibly engaging, inspiring more people and attracting a broad audience. Thank you so much for your time today—it was a great conversation.
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@ 0c87e540:8a0292f2
2025-05-04 01:52:26
No cenário atual de entretenimento digital, plataformas que oferecem praticidade, segurança e uma ampla gama de jogos são cada vez mais valorizadas pelos usuários. A KCBET surge como uma dessas opções, conquistando o público brasileiro com uma proposta moderna e intuitiva, que combina tecnologia de ponta, variedade de jogos e um suporte eficiente ao usuário.
Desde o primeiro acesso, a KCBET impressiona pelo seu design amigável e pela facilidade de navegação. O site é totalmente otimizado para funcionar tanto em computadores quanto em dispositivos móveis, o que garante liberdade ao usuário para jogar onde e quando quiser. Outro diferencial importante é a interface em português, o que torna a experiência ainda mais personalizada para o público brasileiro.
A KCBETse destaca por oferecer um ambiente seguro, utilizando tecnologias de criptografia avançadas para proteger os dados dos usuários. Além disso, o processo de cadastro é simples e rápido, permitindo que novos jogadores comecem sua jornada em poucos minutos.
Variedade de Jogos para Todos os Perfis O grande atrativo da KCBET é, sem dúvida, a diversidade de jogos disponíveis. A plataforma conta com uma seleção impressionante de opções para todos os gostos e estilos. Os fãs de jogos tradicionais vão encontrar diversas versões de títulos consagrados, enquanto aqueles que preferem novidades e inovação têm à disposição opções modernas com gráficos de última geração e recursos interativos.
Entre os destaques estão os jogos de mesa, jogos de cartas, slots virtuais e opções com crupiês ao vivo — uma experiência que aproxima o jogador da emoção de estar em um ambiente físico, sem sair de casa. Todos os jogos são fornecidos por desenvolvedores renomados do setor, o que garante qualidade visual, fluidez e, principalmente, resultados justos e auditados.
Experiência do Jogador: Imersão e Suporte A experiência do usuário na KCBET vai além dos jogos. A plataforma investe continuamente em proporcionar um ambiente imersivo, com bônus promocionais atrativos, torneios temáticos e desafios semanais que mantêm a emoção sempre em alta. Para novos usuários, há ofertas de boas-vindas que tornam o início da jornada ainda mais empolgante.
Outro ponto alto da KCBET é o atendimento ao cliente. O suporte está disponível 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, pronto para auxiliar em qualquer dúvida ou situação. Os canais de atendimento incluem chat ao vivo, e-mail e até suporte via aplicativos de mensagem, garantindo agilidade e eficiência na resolução de problemas.
A KCBET também oferece uma plataforma de pagamentos completa, com diversos métodos de depósito e saque, incluindo opções locais como PIX e boletos bancários. As transações são rápidas, seguras e sem complicações, o que contribui para uma experiência ainda mais satisfatória.
Conclusão: KCBET é a Escolha Certa para Jogadores Brasileiros Com uma proposta moderna, segura e voltada para o entretenimento de qualidade, a KCBET se firma como uma das melhores opções para jogadores brasileiros que buscam diversão online com praticidade. Sua vasta gama de jogos, promoções atrativas, atendimento eficiente e suporte a métodos de pagamento nacionais tornam a plataforma uma escolha inteligente para quem quer transformar momentos de lazer em experiências memoráveis.
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@ 75869cfa:76819987
2025-03-18 07:54:38
GM, Nostriches!
The Nostr Review is a biweekly newsletter focused on Nostr statistics, protocol updates, exciting programs, the long-form content ecosystem, and key events happening in the Nostr-verse. If you’re interested, join me in covering updates from the Nostr ecosystem!
Quick review:
In the past two weeks, Nostr statistics indicate over 225,000 daily trusted pubkey events. The number of new users has seen a notable decrease, with profiles containing a contact list dropping by 95%. More than 10 million events have been published, with posts and reposts showing a decrease. Total Zap activity stands at approximately 15 million, marking a 10% decrease.
Additionally, 26 pull requests were submitted to the Nostr protocol, with 6 merged. A total of 45 Nostr projects were tracked, with 8 releasing product updates, and over 463 long-form articles were published, 29% focusing on Bitcoin and Nostr. During this period, 2 notable events took place, and 3 significant events are upcoming.
Nostr Statistics
Based on user activity, the total daily trusted pubkeys writing events is about 225,000, representing a slight 8 % decrease compared to the previous period. Daily activity peaked at 18179 events, with a low of approximately 16093.
The number of new users has decreased significantly. Profiles with a contact list are now around 17,511, reflecting a 95% drop. Profiles with a bio have decreased by 62% compared to the previous period. The only category showing growth is pubkeys writing events, which have increased by 27%.
Regarding event publishing, all metrics have shown a decline. The total number of note events published is around 10 million, reflecting a 14% decrease. Posts remain the most dominant in terms of volume, totaling approximately 1.6 million, which is a 6.1% decrease. Both reposts and reactions have decreased by about 10%.
For zap activity, the total zap amount is about 15 million, showing an increase of over 10% compared to the previous period.
Data source: https://stats.nostr.band/
NIPs
nostr:npub1gcxzte5zlkncx26j68ez60fzkvtkm9e0vrwdcvsjakxf9mu9qewqlfnj5z is proposing that A bulletin board is a relay-centric system of forums where users can post and reply to others, typically around a specific community. The relay operator controls and moderates who can post and view content. A board is defined by kind:30890. Its naddr representation must provide the community's home relays, from which all posts should be gathered. No other relays should be used.
nostr:npub1xy54p83r6wnpyhs52xjeztd7qyyeu9ghymz8v66yu8kt3jzx75rqhf3urc is proposing a standardized way to represent fitness and workout data in Nostr, including: Exercise Templates (kind: 33401) for storing reusable exercise definitions, Workout Templates (kind: 33402) for defining workout plans, Workout Records (kind: 1301) for recording completed workouts. The format provides structured data for fitness tracking while following Nostr conventions for data representation.Many fitness applications use proprietary formats, locking user data into specific platforms. This NIP enables decentralized fitness tracking, allowing users to control their workout data and history while facilitating social sharing and integration between fitness applications.
nostr:npub1zk6u7mxlflguqteghn8q7xtu47hyerruv6379c36l8lxzzr4x90q0gl6ef is proposing a PR introduces two "1-click" connection flows for setting up initial NWC connections. Rather than having to copy-paste a connection string, the user is presented with an authorization page which they can approve or decline. The secret is generated locally and never leaves the client. HTTP flow - for publicly accessible lightning wallets. Implemented in Alby Hub (my.albyhub.com) and CoinOS (coinos.io). Nostr flow - for mobile-based / self-hosted lightning wallets, very similar to NWA but without a new event type added. Implemented in Alby Go and Alby Hub. Benefits over NWC Deep Links are that it works cross-device, mobile to web, and the client-generated secret never leaves the client. Both flows are also implemented in Alby JS SDK and Bitcoin Connect.
add B0 NIP for Blossom interaction
nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 describes a tiny subset of possible Blossom capabilities, but arguably the most important from the point of view of a most basic Nostr client. This NIP specifies how Nostr clients can use Blossom for handling media. Blossom is a set of standards (called BUDs) for dealing with servers that store files addressable by their SHA-256 sums. Nostr clients may make use of all the BUDs for allowing users to upload files, manage their own files and so on, but most importantly Nostr clients SHOULD make use of BUD-03 to fetch kind:10063 lists of servers for each user.
nostr:npub149p5act9a5qm9p47elp8w8h3wpwn2d7s2xecw2ygnrxqp4wgsklq9g722q defines a standard for creating, managing and publishing to communities by leveraging existing key pairs and relays, introducing the concept of "Communi-keys". This approach allows any existing npub to become a community (identity + manager) while maintaining compatibility with existing relay infrastructure.
A way for relays to be honest about their algos
securitybrahh is proposing a PR introduces NIP-41, a way for relays to be honest about their algos, edits 01.md to account for changes in limit (related #78, #1434, received_at?, #620, #1645) when algo is provided, appends 11.md for relays to advertize whether they are an aggregator or not and their provided algos. solves #522, supersedes #579.
nip31: template-based "alt" tags for known kinds
nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 is proposing that clients hardcoding alt tags are not very trustworthy. alt tags tend to be garbage in a long-enough timeframe.This fixes it with hardcoded rich templates that anyone can implement very easily without having to do it manually for each kind. alt tags can still be used as a fallback.
nostr:npub1gcxzte5zlkncx26j68ez60fzkvtkm9e0vrwdcvsjakxf9mu9qewqlfnj5z is proposing a PR addresses 3 main problems of NIP-44v2. First, It has a message size limit of 65Kb, which is unnecessarily small. Second, It forces the encrypting key to be the same as the event's signing key. Which forces multi-sig actors to share their main private key in order to encrypt the payload that would be later signed by the group. Decoupling singing and encryption keys, for both source and destination, is one of the goals of this version. And It offers no way to describe what's inside the encrypted blob before requesting the user's approval to decrypt and send the decrypted info back to the requesting application. This PR adds an alt description to allow decrypting signers to display a message and warn the user of what type of information the requesting application is receiving.
Notable Projects
Damus nostr:npub18m76awca3y37hkvuneavuw6pjj4525fw90necxmadrvjg0sdy6qsngq955
- Notes in progress will always be persisted and saved automatically. Never lose those banger notes when you aren't quite ready to ship them.
- Make your profile look just right without any fuss. It also optimizes them on upload now to not nuke other people’s phone data bills.
- You won't see the same note more than once in your home feed.
- Fixed note loading when clicking notifications and damus.io links.
- Fixed NWC not working when you first connect a wallet.
- Fixed overly sensitive and mildly infuriating touch gestures in the thread view when scrolling
Primal nostr:npub12vkcxr0luzwp8e673v29eqjhrr7p9vqq8asav85swaepclllj09sylpugg
Primal for Android build 2.1.9 has been released. * Multi-account support * Deep linking support * "Share via Primal" support * Bug fixes and improvements
Yakihonne nostr:npub1yzvxlwp7wawed5vgefwfmugvumtp8c8t0etk3g8sky4n0ndvyxesnxrf8q
YakiHonne Wallet just got a fresh new look!
0xchat nostr:npub1tm99pgz2lth724jeld6gzz6zv48zy6xp4n9xu5uqrwvx9km54qaqkkxn72
0xchat v1.4.7-beta release * Upgraded the Flutter framework to v3.29.0. * Private chat implementation changed to NIP-104 Nostr MLS. * NIP-17 and NIP-29 messages now support q tags. * You can swipe left to reply to your own messages. * Chat messages now support code block display. * Copy images from the clipboard. * Fixed an issue where underlined text in chat appeared as italic.
GOSSIP 0.14.0 nostr:npub189j8y280mhezlp98ecmdzydn0r8970g4hpqpx3u9tcztynywfczqqr3tg8
Several major bugs have been fixed in the last week. * New Features and Improvements * Zappers and amounts are now shown (click on the zap total) * Reactions and who reacted are now shown (click on the reaction numbers) * Multiple search UI/UX improvements * Undo Send works for DMs too * Undo Send now restores the draft * UI: Side panel contains less so it can be thinner. Bottom bar added. * UI: frame count and spinner (optional) * Relay UI: sorting by score puts important relays at the top. * Relay UI: add more filters so all the bits are covered * Image and video loading is much faster (significant lag reduction) * Thread loading fix makes threads load far more reliably * Settings have reset-to-default buttons, so you don't get too lost. * Setting 'limit inbox seeking to inbox relays' may help avoid spam at the expense of possibly * Fix some bugs * And more updates
Nostur v1.18.1 nostr:npub1n0stur7q092gyverzc2wfc00e8egkrdnnqq3alhv7p072u89m5es5mk6h0
New in this version: * Floating mini video player * Videos: Save to library, Copy video URL, Add bookmark * Improved video stream / chat view * Top zaps on live chat * Posting to Picture-first * Profile view: Show interactions with you (conversations, reactions, zaps, reposts) * Profile view: Show actual reactions instead of only Likes * Improved search + Bookmark search * Detect nsfw / content-warning in posts * Show more to show reactions outside Web of Trust * Show more to show zaps outside Web of Trust * Support .avif image format * Support .mp3 format * Support .m4v video format * Improved zap verification for changed wallets * Improved outbox support * Show label on restricted posts * Low data mode: load media in app on tap instead of external browser * Many other bug fixes and performance improvements
Alby nostr:npub1getal6ykt05fsz5nqu4uld09nfj3y3qxmv8crys4aeut53unfvlqr80nfm
Latest two releases of Alby Go, 1.10 and 1.11, brought you lots of goodies: * BTC Map integration for quick access to global bitcoin merchants map * Confirm new NWC connections to your Alby Hub directly in Alby Go! No more copy-pasting or QR code scanning * Support for MoneyBadger Pay Pick n Pay QR payments in over 2000 stores in South Africa
ZEUS v0.10.0 nostr:npub1xnf02f60r9v0e5kty33a404dm79zr7z2eepyrk5gsq3m7pwvsz2sazlpr5
ZEUS v0.10.0 is now available. This release features the ability to renew channel leases, spin up multiple embedded wallets, Nostr Wallet Connect client support, and more. * Renewable channels * NWC client support * Ability to create multiple Embedded LND 'node in the phone' wallets * Ability to delete Embedded LND wallets * Embedded LND: v0.18.5-beta * New share button (share ZEUS QR images) * Tools: Export Activity CSVs, Developer tools, chantools * Activity: filter by max amount, memo, and note
Long-Form Content Eco
In the past two weeks, more than 463 long-form articles have been published, including over 91 articles on Bitcoin and more than 41 related to Nostr, accounting for 29% of the total content.
These articles about Nostr mainly explore the rise of Nostr as a decentralized platform that is reshaping the future of the internet. They emphasize Nostr's role in providing users with greater freedom, ownership, and fair monetization, particularly in the realm of content creation. The platform is positioned as a counter to centralized social media networks, offering uncensored interactions, enhanced privacy, and direct transactions. Many articles delve into Nostr’s potential to integrate with Bitcoin, creating a Layer 3 solution that promises to end the dominance of old internet structures. Discussions also cover the technical aspects of Nostr, such as the implementation of relays and group functionalities, as well as security concerns like account hacks. Furthermore, there is an exploration of the philosophical and anthropological dimensions of Nostr, with the rise of "Dark Nostr" being portrayed as a deeper expression of decentralized freedom.
The Bitcoin articles discuss the ongoing evolution of Bitcoin and its increasing integration into global financial systems. Many articles focus on the growing adoption of Bitcoin, particularly in areas like Argentina and the U.S., where Bitcoin is being used for rental payments and the establishment of a strategic Bitcoin reserve. Bitcoin is also portrayed as a response to the centralized financial system, with discussions about how it can empower individuals through financial sovereignty, provide a hedge against inflation, and create fairer monetization models for creators. Additionally, the articles explore the challenges and opportunities within the Bitcoin ecosystem, including the rise of Bitcoin ETFs, the development of Bitcoin mining, and the potential impact of AI on Bitcoin adoption. There is also emphasis on Bitcoin's cultural and economic implications, as well as the need for decentralized education and innovation to drive further adoption.
Thank you, nostr:npub1ygzsm5m9ndtgch9n22cwsx2clwvxhk2pqvdfp36t5lmdyjqvz84qkca2m5 nostr:npub1rsv7kx5avkmq74p85v878e9d5g3w626343xhyg76z5ctfc30kz7q9u4dke nostr:npub17wrn0xxg0hfq7734cfm7gkyx3u82yfrqcdpperzzfqxrjf9n7tes6ra78k nostr:npub1fxq5crl52mre7luhl8uqsa639p50853r3dtl0j0wwvyfkuk4f6ssc5tahv nostr:npub1qny3tkh0acurzla8x3zy4nhrjz5zd8l9sy9jys09umwng00manysew95gx nostr:npub19mf4jm44umnup4he4cdqrjk3us966qhdnc3zrlpjx93y4x95e3uq9qkfu2 nostr:npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0 nostr:npub1uv0m8xc6q4cnj2p0tewmcgkyzg8cnteyhed0zv30ez03w6dzwvnqtu6gwl nostr:npub1ygzsm5m9ndtgch9n22cwsx2clwvxhk2pqvdfp36t5lmdyjqvz84qkca2m5 nostr:npub1mhcr4j594hsrnen594d7700n2t03n8gdx83zhxzculk6sh9nhwlq7uc226 nostr:npub1xzuej94pvqzwy0ynemeq6phct96wjpplaz9urd7y2q8ck0xxu0lqartaqn nostr:npub1gqgpfv65dz8whvyup942daagsmwauj0d8gtxv9kpfvgxzkw4ga4s4w9awr nostr:npub16dswlmzpcys0axfm8kvysclaqhl5zv20ueurrygpnnm7k9ys0d0s2v653f and others, for your work. Enriching Nostr’s long-form content ecosystem is crucial.
Nostriches Global Meet Ups
Recently, several Nostr events have been hosted in different countries. * The first Bitcoin Meetup organized by Mi Primer Bitcoin was successfully held on March 14, 2025, at Texijal Pizza in Apaneca. The event included Bitcoin education, networking, a Q&A session, and merchandise distribution, offering an exciting experience for all participants.
* The Btrust Space discussion was successfully held on March 13, 2024. The event focused on how to support Bitcoin developers, fund open-source contributions, and grow the Bitcoin ecosystem. The speakers included Bitcoin core contributors, Btrust CEO, engineering leads, and other project leaders.Here is the upcoming Nostr event that you might want to check out.
- The Nostr Workshop, organized by YakiHonne and Bitcoin Safari, will take place online via Google Meet on March 17, 2025, at 7:00 PM (GMT+1). The event will introduce the Nostr ecosystem and Bitcoin payments, with participants learning about decentralized technology through YakiHonne and earning rewards. Register and verify your account to claim exclusive rewards, and invite friends to unlock additional rewards.
- The 2025 Bitcoin, Crypto Economy, and Law FAQ Webinar will be held online on March 20, 2025 (Thursday) from 12:00 to 13:00 Argentina time. The webinar will be hosted by Martin Paolantonio (Academic Director of the course) and Daniel Rybnik (Lawyer specializing in Banking, Corporate, and Financial Law). The session aims to introduce the academic program and explore Bitcoin, the crypto economy, and related legal issues.
- Bitcoin Educators Unconference 2025 will take place on April 10, 2025, at Bitcoin Park in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. This event is non-sponsored and follows an Unconference format, allowing all participants to apply as speakers and share their Bitcoin education experiences in a free and interactive environment. The event has open-sourced all its blueprints and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to encourage global communities to organize similar Unconference events.
Additionally, We warmly invite event organizers who have held recent activities to reach out to us so we can work together to promote the prosperity and development of the Nostr ecosystem.
Thanks for reading! If there’s anything I missed, feel free to reach out and help improve the completeness and accuracy of my coverage.
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-04 15:14:21
https://long-form-editer.vercel.app/
β版のため予期せぬ動作が発生する可能性があります。記事を修正する際は事前にバックアップを取ることをおすすめします
機能
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nostr:npub1sjcvg64knxkrt6ev52rywzu9uzqakgy8ehhk8yezxmpewsthst6sw3jqcw や、 nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpp9sc34tdxdvxh4jeg5xgu9ctcypmvsg0n00vwfjydkrjaqh0qh4qyxhwumn8ghj77tpvf6jumt9qys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtt2wqhxummnw3ezuamfwfjkgmn9wshx5uqpz9mhxue69uhkuenjv4kxz7fwv9c8qqpq486d6yazu7ydx06lj5gr4aqgeq6rkcreyykqnqey8z5fm6qsj8fqfetznk のようにnostr:要素を挿入できる
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:monoice:のようにカスタム絵文字を挿入できる(メニューの😃アイコンから←アイコン変えるかも)
:monopaca_kao:
:kubipaca_karada:
- 新規記事作成と、既存記事の修正ができる
やること
- [x] nostr:を投稿するときにtagにいれる
- [ ] レイアウトを整える
- [x] 画像をアップロードできるようにする
できる - [ ] 投稿しましたログとかをトースト的なやつでだすようにする
- [ ] あとなんか
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@ e516ecb8:1be0b167
2025-05-04 01:45:38
El sol de la tarde caía oblicuo sobre un campo de hierba alta, tiñéndolo de tonos dorados y rojizos. A un lado, una formación disciplinada de hombres vestidos con armaduras de cuero y metal relucía bajo la luz. Eran legionarios romanos, cada uno portando un scutum, el gran escudo rectangular, y un gladius corto y letal. Se movían como una sola entidad, un muro de escudos erizado de puntas de lanza que asomaban por encima.
Al otro lado del campo, una fuerza más dispersa pero igualmente imponente esperaba. Eran samuráis, guerreros vestidos con armaduras lacadas de intrincado diseño. En sus manos, las brillantes curvas de las katanas reflejaban el sol poniente. Su presencia era menos de masa compacta y más de tensión contenida, como la de depredadores listos para abalanzarse.
El silencio se quebró cuando un oficial romano alzó su signum, un estandarte con el águila imperial. Al unísono, los legionarios avanzaron con paso firme, sus sandalias clavándose en la tierra. Gritaban su grito de guerra, un rugido gutural que resonaba en el aire.
Los samuráis observaron el avance implacable. Su líder, un hombre de rostro sereno con una cicatriz que le cruzaba la mejilla, desenvainó su katana con un movimiento fluido y silencioso. La hoja brilló intensamente. Con un grito agudo, dio la orden de ataque.
La batalla comenzó con un choque violento. Los legionarios, con sus escudos entrelazados, formaron una muralla impenetrable. Los samuráis se lanzaron contra ella, sus katanas trazando arcos de acero en el aire. El choque de metal contra metal llenó el campo, un coro estridente de la guerra.
Un samurái, ágil como un felino, intentó saltar sobre el muro de escudos. Pero un legionario, rápido y entrenado, lo recibió con una estocada precisa de su gladius, que encontró un hueco en la armadura. El samurái cayó, la sangre tiñendo la hierba.
Otro samurái, con un grito furioso, lanzó un corte horizontal con su katana. El golpe impactó contra un scutum, dejando una marca profunda en la madera y el metal, pero el escudo resistió. Antes de que pudiera recuperar su arma, el legionario detrás del escudo le asestó un golpe rápido con el gladius en el costado desprotegido.
La formación romana era una máquina de matar eficiente. Los legionarios trabajaban en equipo, protegiéndose mutuamente con sus escudos y atacando con sus gladius en los momentos oportunos. La disciplina y el entrenamiento eran sus mayores armas.
Sin embargo, la ferocidad y la habilidad individual de los samuráis eran innegables. Sus katanas, a pesar de no poder penetrar fácilmente la sólida pared de escudos, eran devastadoras en los espacios abiertos. Un samurái logró flanquear a un grupo de legionarios y, con movimientos rápidos y precisos, cortó brazos y piernas, sembrando el caos en la retaguardia romana.
La batalla se convirtió en un torbellino de acero y gritos. Los legionarios mantenían su formación, avanzando lentamente mientras repelían los ataques. Los samuráis, aunque sufrían bajas, no retrocedían, impulsados por su honor y su valentía.
En un punto crucial, un grupo de samuráis liderados por su comandante logró concentrar sus ataques en un sector de la línea romana. Con golpes repetidos y feroces, consiguieron romper la formación, creando una brecha. Se lanzaron a través de ella, sus katanas sedientas de sangre.
La disciplina romana se tambaleó por un momento. Los samuráis, aprovechando la oportunidad, lucharon cuerpo a cuerpo con una furia indomable. La longitud de sus katanas les daba ventaja en el combate individual, permitiéndoles mantener a raya a los legionarios con cortes amplios y letales.
Sin embargo, la respuesta romana fue rápida. Los oficiales gritaron órdenes, y las líneas se cerraron nuevamente, rodeando a los samuráis que habían penetrado la formación. Los legionarios, trabajando en parejas, inmovilizaban los largos brazos de los samuráis con sus escudos mientras otros asestaban golpes mortales con sus gladius.
La batalla continuó durante lo que pareció una eternidad. El sol finalmente se ocultó en el horizonte, tiñendo el campo de batalla de sombras oscuras y reflejos sangrientos. Ambos bandos lucharon con una determinación feroz, sin ceder terreno fácilmente.
Al final, la disciplina y la formación compacta de los legionarios comenzaron a imponerse. Lentamente, pero de manera constante, fueron cercando y diezmando a los samuráis. La muralla de escudos era demasiado sólida, y la lluvia constante de estocadas del gladius era implacable.
Los últimos samuráis lucharon con la desesperación de quienes saben que su final está cerca. Sus katanas seguían cortando con gracia mortal, pero eran superados en número y en la táctica del combate en grupo. Uno a uno, fueron cayendo, sus brillantes espadas manchadas de sangre.
Cuando la última katana cayó al suelo con un resonido metálico, un silencio pesado se cernió sobre el campo. Los legionarios, exhaustos pero victoriosos, permanecieron en formación, sus escudos goteando sangre. Habían prevalecido gracias a su disciplina, su equipo y su táctica de combate en grupo. La ferocidad individual y la maestría de la katana de los samuráis no habían sido suficientes contra la máquina de guerra romana.
La noche cubrió el campo de batalla, llevándose consigo los ecos de la lucha y dejando solo la sombría realidad de la victoria y la derrota.
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@ 04cb16e4:2ec3e5d5
2025-03-13 21:26:13
Wenn man etwas verkaufen will, muss man eine Geschichte über sein Produkt erzählen. Nur wenige können etwas damit anfangen, wenn du sagst: Unser Produkt enthält 50 Gramm Hafer (hoffentlich gentechnikfrei), 5 mittelgroße Erdbeeren, Spuren von Sesamschalen sowie einen Teelöffel Honig. So funktioniert das nicht. Dein Riegel braucht einen Namen und eine Geschichte.
Wenn wir über Krieg und Frieden sprechen, denn gibt es zumeist Zahlen, Fakten und Meinungen. Tausende von Kindern die in einem Krieg getötet werden sind eine schockierende Anzahl. Nimmst du die Zahlen weg und beschäftigst dich mit jedem einzelnen Schicksal, dann ist das unmöglich zu ertragen. Also kämpfen wir hier vor Ort, in Deutschland, zwar nicht mit Waffen gegeneinander, sondern mittels unserer Meinungen in Kombination mit zu vermittelnden relativen Wahrheiten. Da kommt das Ego ins Spiel. Wir wollen unbedingt Recht haben! Irgendeiner soll in diesem Meinungskampf am Ende als Gewinner dastehen. Weil er die besseren Argumente hat. Schließlich werden Emotionen mit Fakten vermischt und als Totschlagargumente in die Gegenfront geworfen.
Was aber, wenn man eine Geschichte über den Krieg erzählt, die jeden mitnehmen kann, ganz gleich, welche Meinung man zu den aktuell verhandelten Kampfschauplätzen hat? Alles Trennende wird aus der Erzählung herausgenommen und was bleibt, sind die zerstörerische Kraft des Krieges und die Verantwortung jedes einzelnen Menschen zu entscheiden, ob er dieses grausame Monster füttert oder eben nicht. In dem afrikanischen Märchen „Sheikhi“ basieren diese Entscheidungen nicht auf Fakten und Meinungen, sondern auf persönlichen Erfahrungen. Die Protagonisten nehmen uns mit in ihre Welt und lassen uns ihre inneren Kämpfe, Zweifel, Ängste und Hoffnungen miterleben. Wir können uns mit ihnen identifizieren, obwohl wir unter völlig anderen Bedingungen leben und sterben.
Hier kannst du das Buch direkt beim Verlag bestellen
Die alternative Buchmesse Seitenwechsel
Am Ende des Buches konnte ich gar nicht anders, als eine tiefe Sehnsucht nach Frieden und Einigkeit zu verspüren. Diese Sehnsucht basierte aber nicht mehr auf dem Bedürfnis, bessere Argumente als die vermeintliche Gegenseite zu haben, sondern vielmehr darauf, dass dieses verzweifelte Ringen und Hassen endlich zu einem Ende kommt. Nicht nur auf den Schlachtfeldern Asiens und Afrikas, sondern ebenfalls auf Facebook, X, den Straßen unserer Städte und im Krieg jedes Menschen gegen sich selbst. Inzwischen gelingt es mir immer öfter, mir einen bissigen Kommentar zu verkneifen, wenn jemand auf Facebook etwas schreibt, was ich unerträglich finde. Ich weiß, das ich ihn nicht vom Gegenteil überzeugen werde und das mein Kommentar das selbe Monster füttert, dass sich an den Opfern des Krieges satt isst.
Wenn es irgendwo Menschen auf der Welt gibt, die Mord und Folter verzeihen können, dann kann auch ich eine andere Meinung ertragen ohne rechthaberisch, arrogant und destruktiv zu werden. Notfalls gehe ich in den Wald und schreie.
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@ df478568:2a951e67
2025-04-26 19:23:46
Welcome to Zap This Blog
Exploring Liberty With Fredom Tech
I can string some spaghetti HTMl code together here and there, but vibe coding gave me the confidence to look into the code injection section of the ghost Blog. As sudden as a new block, the Lex Friedman Robert Rodriguez interview, I had an epiphony when he asked Lex, "Do you consider yourself a creative person?" I aswered for myself, right away, emphatically yes. I just felt like I never knew what to do with this creative energy. Friedman hesitated and I was like..Wow...He has extreme creativity like Jocko Wilink has extreme disipline. If that guy has doubts, what the hell is stopping me from trying other stuff?
Rodriguez also claimed Four rooms was financial flop. I thought that movie was genius. I had no idea it failed financially. Nevertheless, it was not profitable. His advice was like Tony Robbins for film nerds. I learned about him in a film class I took in college. He was legendary for making a mobie for $7,000. My professor also said it was made for the Mexican VHS market, but I did not know he never sold it to that market. Robert Rodriguez tells the story 100X better, as you might expect a director of his caliber would. His advice hits like Tony Robbins, for film geeks. Here are a few gem quotes from the epiode.
-
"Sift through the ashes of your failures"
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"Turn chicken shit into chicken salad."
-
"Follow your instinct. If it doesn't work, just go. Sometimes you need to slip on the first two rocks, so the key is in the ashes of failure because if I had an insticnt, that means I was on the right track. I didn't get the result I want. That's because the result might be something way bigger that I don't have the vision for and the universe is just pushing me that way."
-
"Turn chicken shit into chicken salad."
-
"If you have some kind of failure on something that you..., don't let it knock you down. Maybe in ten years they'll think it's great. I'm just going to commit to making a body of work, a body of work."
Rodriguez taught me what I already know. I am a creative person. I am just a body, punching keys on a keyboard, taking pictures, and semi-vibe-coding art. Maybe this is a shitty blog post today, but I write it anyway. Someone might look at it like I first looked at the math in the Bitcoin white paper and scan it with their eyeballs without really reading or understanding it. Most people on Substack probably don't want to read HTML, but maybe someone will come accross it one day and build something themselves they can find in the ashes of this code.
I once saw Brian Harrington say every bitcoiner is a business owner. If you have a bitcoin address, you can accept bitcoin. How does someone find you though? Are they really going to find your bitcoin address on GitHub? I'd bet 100 sats they won't. Nostr fixes this so I thought about integrating it into my Ghost Blog. I looked at the code injection section and let my muse do the typing. Actually, I let the Duck Duck AI chat do the vibe-coding. As it turns out, you an add a header and footer on Ghost in the code injection. It's just the same HTMl I used to make my MySpace page. Then I thought, what if someone couldn't afford a Start9 or didn't know how to vibe code on Duck Duck Go's free AI chat using Claude? What if, like Rodriguez suggests, I create a business card?
You could just copy my HTML and change my nostr links and pics to go to your nostr links and pics. You could publish that HTML into https://habla.news. Now you have an e-commerce site with a blog, a merch store, and your nostree. I don't know if this will work. This is the muse's hypothesis. I'm just writing the words down. You'll need to test this idea for yourself.
npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0
marc26z@getalby.com
Zap This Blog! -
@ 79be667e:16f81798
2025-05-04 01:28:53
Bla blablabla
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@ 68c90cf3:99458f5c
2025-04-26 15:05:41
Background
Last year I got interesting in running my own bitcoin node after reading others' experiences doing so. A couple of decades ago I ran my own Linux and Mac servers, and enjoyed building and maintaining them. I was by no means an expert sys admin, but had my share of cron jobs, scripts, and custom configuration files. While it was fun and educational, software updates and hardware upgrades often meant hours of restoring and troubleshooting my systems.
Fast forward to family and career (especially going into management) and I didn't have time for all that. Having things just work became more important than playing with the tech. As I got older, the more I appreciated K.I.S.S. (for those who don't know: Keep It Simple Stupid).
So when the idea of running a node came to mind, I explored the different options. I decided I needed a balance between a Raspberry Pi (possibly underpowered depending on use) and a full-blown Linux server (too complex and time-consuming to build and maintain). That led me to Umbrel OS, Start9, Casa OS, and similar platforms. Due to its simplicity (very plug and play), nice design, and being open source: GitHub), I chose Umbrel OS on a Beelink mini PC with 16GB of RAM and a 2TB NVMe internal drive. Though Umbrel OS is not very flexible and can't really be customized, its App Store made setting up a node (among other things) fairly easy, and it has been running smoothly since. Would the alternatives have been better? Perhaps, but so far I'm happy with my choice.
Server Setup
I'm also no expert in OpSec (I'd place myself in the category of somewhat above vague awareness). I wanted a secure way to connect to my Umbrel without punching holes in my router and forwarding ports. I chose Tailscale for this purpose. Those who are distrustful of corporate products might not like this option but again, balancing risk with convenience it seemed reasonable for my needs. If you're hiding state (or anti-state) secrets, extravagant wealth, or just adamant about privacy, you would probably want to go with an entirely different setup.
Once I had Tailscale installed on Umbrel OS, my mobile device and laptop, I could securely connect to the server from anywhere through a well designed browser UI. I then installed the following from the Umbrel App Store:
- Bitcoin Core
- Electrum Personal Server (Electrs)
At this point I could set wallets on my laptop (Sparrow) and phone (BlueWallet) to use my node. I then installed:
- Lightning Node (LND)
- Alby Hub
Alby Hub streamlines the process of opening and maintaining lightning channels, creating lightning wallets to send and receive sats, and zapping notes and users on Nostr. I have two main nsec accounts for Nostr and set up separate wallets on Alby Hub to track balances and transactions for each.
Other apps I installed on Umbrel OS:
- mempool
- Bitcoin Explorer
- LibreTranslate (some Nostr clients allow you to use your own translator)
- Public Pool
Public Pool allows me to connect Bitaxe solo miners (a.k.a. "lottery" miners) to my own mining pool for a (very) long shot at winning a Bitcoin block. It's also a great way to learn about mining, contribute to network decentralization, and generally tinker with electronics. Bitaxe miners are small open source single ASIC miners that you can run in your home with minimal technical knowledge and maintenance requirements.
Open Source Miners United (OSMU) is a great resource for anyone interesting in Bitaxe or other open source mining products (especially their Discord server).
Although Umbrel OS is more or less limited to running software in its App Store (or Community App Store, if you trust the developer), you can install the Portainer app and run Docker images. I know next to nothing about Docker but wanted to see what I might be able to do with it. I was also interested in the Haven Nostr relay and found that there was indeed a docker image for it.
As stated before, I didn't want to open my network to the outside, which meant I wouldn't be able to take advantage of all the features Haven offers (since other users wouldn't be able to access it). I would however be able to post notes to my relay, and use its "Blastr" feature to send my notes to other relays. After some trial and error I managed to get a Haven up and running in Portainer.
The upside of this setup is self-custody: being able to connect wallets to my own Bitcoin node, send and receive zaps with my own Lightning channel, solo mine with Bitaxe to my own pool, and send notes to my own Nostr relay. The downside is the lack of redundancy and uptime provided by major cloud services. You have to decide on your own comfort level. A solid internet connection and reliable power are definitely needed.
This article was written and published to Nostr with untype.app.
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-04 10:00:28
₍ ･ᴗ･ ₎ ₍ ･ᴗ･ ₎₍ ･ᴗ･ ₎
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@ 266815e0:6cd408a5
2025-04-26 13:10:09
To all existing nostr developers and new nostr developers, stop using kind 1 events... just stop whatever your doing and switch the kind to
Math.round(Math.random() * 10000)trust me it will be betterWhat are kind 1 events
kind 1 events are defined in NIP-10 as "simple plaintext notes" or in other words social posts.
Don't trick your users
Most users are joining nostr for the social experience, and secondly to find all the cool "other stuff" apps They find friends, browse social posts, and reply to them. If a user signs into a new nostr client and it starts asking them to sign kind 1 events with blobs of JSON, they will sign it without thinking too much about it.
Then when they return to their comfy social apps they will see that they made 10+ posts with massive amounts of gibberish that they don't remember posting. then they probably will go looking for the delete button and realize there isn't one...
Even if those kind 1 posts don't contain JSON and have a nice fancy human readable syntax. they will still confuse users because they won't remember writing those social posts
What about "discoverability"
If your goal is to make your "other stuff" app visible to more users, then I would suggest using NIP-19 and NIP-89 The first allows users to embed any other event kind into social posts as
nostr:nevent1ornostr:naddr1links, and the second allows social clients to redirect users to an app that knows how to handle that specific kind of eventSo instead of saving your apps data into kind 1 events. you can pick any kind you want, then give users a "share on nostr" button that allows them to compose a social post (kind 1) with a
nostr:link to your special kind of event and by extension you appWhy its a trap
Once users start using your app it becomes a lot more difficult to migrate to a new event kind or data format. This sounds obvious, but If your app is built on kind 1 events that means you will be stuck with their limitations forever.
For example, here are some of the limitations of using kind 1 - Querying for your apps data becomes much more difficult. You have to filter through all of a users kind 1 events to find which ones are created by your app - Discovering your apps data is more difficult for the same reason, you have to sift through all the social posts just to find the ones with you special tag or that contain JSON - Users get confused. as mentioned above users don't expect "other stuff" apps to be creating special social posts - Other nostr clients won't understand your data and will show it as a social post with no option for users to learn about your app
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@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-04 09:49:45
- 1:nan:
- 2
- 2irorio絵文字
- 1nostr:npub1sjcvg64knxkrt6ev52rywzu9uzqakgy8ehhk8yezxmpewsthst6sw3jqcw
- 2
- 2
- 3
- 3
- 2
- 1
|1|2| |:--|:--| |test| :nan: |
---:nan: :nan:
- 1
- 2
- tet
- tes
- 3
- 1
-
2
t
te
test
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19^th^
- H~2~O
wss://catstrr.swarmstr.com/
うにょうにょてすと
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-03 23:37:57
343433
34333434
Places & Transitions
- Places:
-
Bla bla bla: some text
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Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system.
- logTask: bla bla bla.
petrinet ;startDay () -> working ;stopDay working -> () ;startPause working -> paused ;endPause paused -> working ;goSmoke working -> smoking ;endSmoke smoking -> working ;startEating working -> eating ;stopEating eating -> working ;startCall working -> onCall ;endCall onCall -> working ;startMeeting working -> inMeetinga ;endMeeting inMeeting -> working ;logTask working -> working -
@ 84b0c46a:417782f5
2025-05-04 09:36:08
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@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d
2025-04-25 19:26:48
Redistributing Git with Nostr
Every time someone tries to "decentralize" Git -- like many projects tried in the past to do it with BitTorrent, IPFS, ScuttleButt or custom p2p protocols -- there is always a lurking comment: "but Git is already distributed!", and then the discussion proceeds to mention some facts about how Git supports multiple remotes and its magic syncing and merging abilities and so on.
Turns out all that is true, Git is indeed all that powerful, and yet GitHub is the big central hub that hosts basically all Git repositories in the giant world of open-source. There are some crazy people that host their stuff elsewhere, but these projects end up not being found by many people, and even when they do they suffer from lack of contributions.
Because everybody has a GitHub account it's easy to open a pull request to a repository of a project you're using if it's on GitHub (to be fair I think it's very annoying to have to clone the repository, then add it as a remote locally, push to it, then go on the web UI and click to open a pull request, then that cloned repository lurks forever in your profile unless you go through 16 screens to delete it -- but people in general seem to think it's easy).
It's much harder to do it on some random other server where some project might be hosted, because now you have to add 4 more even more annoying steps: create an account; pick a password; confirm an email address; setup SSH keys for pushing. (And I'm not even mentioning the basic impossibility of offering
pushaccess to external unknown contributors to people who want to host their own simple homemade Git server.)At this point some may argue that we could all have accounts on GitLab, or Codeberg or wherever else, then those steps are removed. Besides not being a practical strategy this pseudo solution misses the point of being decentralized (or distributed, who knows) entirely: it's far from the ideal to force everybody to have the double of account management and SSH setup work in order to have the open-source world controlled by two shady companies instead of one.
What we want is to give every person the opportunity to host their own Git server without being ostracized. at the same time we must recognize that most people won't want to host their own servers (not even most open-source programmers!) and give everybody the ability to host their stuff on multi-tenant servers (such as GitHub) too. Importantly, though, if we allow for a random person to have a standalone Git server on a standalone server they host themselves on their wood cabin that also means any new hosting company can show up and start offering Git hosting, with or without new cool features, charging high or low or zero, and be immediately competing against GitHub or GitLab, i.e. we must remove the network-effect centralization pressure.
External contributions
The first problem we have to solve is: how can Bob contribute to Alice's repository without having an account on Alice's server?
SourceHut has reminded GitHub users that Git has always had this (for most) arcane
git send-emailcommand that is the original way to send patches, using an once-open protocol.Turns out Nostr acts as a quite powerful email replacement and can be used to send text content just like email, therefore patches are a very good fit for Nostr event contents.
Once you get used to it and the proper UIs (or CLIs) are built sending and applying patches to and from others becomes a much easier flow than the intense clickops mixed with terminal copypasting that is interacting with GitHub (you have to clone the repository on GitHub, then update the remote URL in your local directory, then create a branch and then go back and turn that branch into a Pull Request, it's quite tiresome) that many people already dislike so much they went out of their way to build many GitHub CLI tools just so they could comment on issues and approve pull requests from their terminal.
Replacing GitHub features
Aside from being the "hub" that people use to send patches to other people's code (because no one can do the email flow anymore, justifiably), GitHub also has 3 other big features that are not directly related to Git, but that make its network-effect harder to overcome. Luckily Nostr can be used to create a new environment in which these same features are implemented in a more decentralized and healthy way.
Issues: bug reports, feature requests and general discussions
Since the "Issues" GitHub feature is just a bunch of text comments it should be very obvious that Nostr is a perfect fit for it.
I will not even mention the fact that Nostr is much better at threading comments than GitHub (which doesn't do it at all), which can generate much more productive and organized discussions (and you can opt out if you want).
Search
I use GitHub search all the time to find libraries and projects that may do something that I need, and it returns good results almost always. So if people migrated out to other code hosting providers wouldn't we lose it?
The fact is that even though we think everybody is on GitHub that is a globalist falsehood. Some projects are not on GitHub, and if we use only GitHub for search those will be missed. So even if we didn't have a Nostr Git alternative it would still be necessary to create a search engine that incorporated GitLab, Codeberg, SourceHut and whatnot.
Turns out on Nostr we can make that quite easy by not forcing anyone to integrate custom APIs or hardcoding Git provider URLs: each repository can make itself available by publishing an "announcement" event with a brief description and one or more Git URLs. That makes it easy for a search engine to index them -- and even automatically download the code and index the code (or index just README files or whatever) without a centralized platform ever having to be involved.
The relays where such announcements will be available play a role, of course, but that isn't a bad role: each announcement can be in multiple relays known for storing "public good" projects, some relays may curate only projects known to be very good according to some standards, other relays may allow any kind of garbage, which wouldn't make them good for a search engine to rely upon, but would still be useful in case one knows the exact thing (and from whom) they're searching for (the same is valid for all Nostr content, by the way, and that's where it's censorship-resistance comes from).
Continuous integration
GitHub Actions are a very hardly subsidized free-compute-for-all-paid-by-Microsoft feature, but one that isn't hard to replace at all. In fact there exists today many companies offering the same kind of service out there -- although they are mostly targeting businesses and not open-source projects, before GitHub Actions was introduced there were also many that were heavily used by open-source projects.
One problem is that these services are still heavily tied to GitHub today, they require a GitHub login, sometimes BitBucket and GitLab and whatnot, and do not allow one to paste an arbitrary Git server URL, but that isn't a thing that is very hard to change anyway, or to start from scratch. All we need are services that offer the CI/CD flows, perhaps using the same framework of GitHub Actions (although I would prefer to not use that messy garbage), and charge some few satoshis for it.
It may be the case that all the current services only support the big Git hosting platforms because they rely on their proprietary APIs, most notably the webhooks dispatched when a repository is updated, to trigger the jobs. It doesn't have to be said that Nostr can also solve that problem very easily.
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@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-03 23:34:54
12123123123
eqeqeqeqeqeqe
Places & Transitions
- Places:
-
Bla bla bla: some text
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Transitions:
- start: Initializes the system.
- logTask: bla bla bla.
petrinet ;startDay () -> working ;stopDay working -> () ;startPause working -> paused ;endPause paused -> working ;goSmoke working -> smoking ;endSmoke smoking -> working ;startEating working -> eating ;stopEating eating -> working ;startCall working -> onCall ;endCall onCall -> working ;startMeeting working -> inMeetinga ;endMeeting inMeeting -> working ;logTask working -> working -
@ a012dc82:6458a70d
2025-03-11 15:41:36
Argentina's journey through economic turmoil has been long and fraught with challenges. The country has grappled with inflation, debt, and a fragile economic structure that has left policymakers searching for solutions. In this context, President Javier Milei's introduction of the "Ley Ómnibus" represented a bold step towards addressing these systemic issues. The reform package was not just a set of isolated measures but a comprehensive plan aimed at overhauling the Argentine economy and social framework. The intention was to create a more robust, free, and prosperous Argentina, where economic freedoms could lead to broader social benefits.
The "Ley Ómnibus" was ambitious in its scope, covering a wide range of areas from tax reform to social policies, aiming to stimulate economic growth, reduce bureaucratic red tape, and enhance the overall quality of life for Argentines. This package was seen as a critical move to reset the economic compass of the country, aiming to attract foreign investment, boost local industry, and provide a clearer, more stable environment for businesses and individuals alike. However, such sweeping reforms were bound to encounter resistance, particularly when they touched upon sensitive areas like taxation and digital assets.
Table of Contents
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The Crypto Tax Proposal: Initial Considerations
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Public Backlash and Strategic Withdrawal
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The Rationale Behind Dropping Crypto Taxes
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Implications for Crypto Investors and the Market
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Milei's Political Strategy and Future Prospects
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Conclusion
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FAQs
The Crypto Tax Proposal: Initial Considerations
Within the vast array of proposals in the Ley Ómnibus, the crypto tax stood out due to its novelty and the growing interest in digital currencies within Argentina. The country had seen a surge in cryptocurrency adoption, driven by factors such as high inflation rates and currency controls that made traditional financial systems less attractive. Cryptocurrencies offered an alternative for savings, investment, and transactions, leading to a burgeoning crypto economy.
The initial rationale behind proposing a crypto tax was multifaceted. On one hand, it aimed to bring Argentina in line with global trends where countries are increasingly seeking to regulate and tax digital currencies. On the other hand, it was seen as a potential new revenue stream for the government, which was desperately seeking funds to address its fiscal deficits. The proposal also intended to bring transparency to a sector that is often criticized for its opacity, making it easier to combat fraud, money laundering, and other illicit activities associated with cryptocurrencies.
However, the proposal was not just about regulation and revenue. It was also a litmus test for Argentina's approach to innovation and digital transformation. How the government handled this issue would signal its stance towards new technologies and economic paradigms, which are increasingly dominated by digital assets and fintech innovations.
Public Backlash and Strategic Withdrawal
The backlash against the proposed crypto taxes was swift and significant. The crypto community in Argentina, which had been flourishing in an environment of relative freedom, saw the tax as a direct threat to its growth and viability. But the discontent went beyond the crypto enthusiasts; the general public, already burdened by high taxes and economic instability, viewed the proposal as yet another financial strain.
The protests and debates that ensued highlighted a broader discontent with the government's approach to economic management. Many Argentines felt that the focus should be on fixing the fundamental issues plaguing the economy, such as inflation and corruption, rather than imposing new taxes. The crypto tax became a symbol of the government's perceived detachment from the real concerns of its citizens.
In this heated atmosphere, President Milei's decision to withdraw the crypto tax proposal from the Ley Ómnibus was not just a tactical retreat; it was a necessary move to quell the growing unrest and focus on more pressing economic reforms. This decision underscored the complexities of governing in a highly polarized environment and the need for a more nuanced approach to policy-making, especially when dealing with emerging technologies and markets.
The Rationale Behind Dropping Crypto Taxes
The decision to drop the crypto tax from the omnibus reform package was not taken lightly. It was a recognition of the crypto sector's unique dynamics and the government's limitations in effectively regulating and taxing this space without stifling innovation. The move also reflected a broader understanding of the economic landscape, where rapid development and legislative efficiency were deemed more crucial than ever.
By removing the contentious clauses, the government aimed to streamline the passage of the Ley Ómnibus, ensuring that other, less controversial, reforms could be implemented swiftly. This strategic pivot was also a nod to the global debate on how best to integrate cryptocurrencies into national economies. Argentina's government recognized that a more cautious and informed approach was necessary, one that could balance the need for regulation with the desire to foster a thriving digital economy.
Furthermore, the withdrawal of the crypto tax proposal can be seen as an acknowledgment of the power of public opinion and the crypto community's growing influence. It highlighted the need for governments to engage with stakeholders and understand the implications of new technologies before rushing to regulate them.
Implications for Crypto Investors and the Market
The removal of the crypto tax proposal has had immediate and significant implications for the Argentine crypto market. For investors, the decision has provided a reprieve from the uncertainty that had clouded the sector, allowing them to breathe a sigh of relief and continue their activities without the looming threat of new taxes. This has helped sustain the momentum of the crypto market in Argentina, which is seen as a vital component of the country's digital transformation and economic diversification.
However, the situation remains complex and fluid. The government's stance on cryptocurrencies is still evolving, and future regulations could impact the market in unforeseen ways. Investors are now more aware of the need to stay informed and engaged with regulatory developments, understanding that the legal landscape for digital currencies is still being shaped.
The episode has also highlighted the broader challenges facing the Argentine economy, including the need for comprehensive tax reform and the creation of a more conducive environment for technological innovation and investment. The crypto market's response to the government's actions reflects the delicate balance between regulation and growth, a balance that will be crucial for Argentina's economic future.
Milei's Political Strategy and Future Prospects
President Milei's handling of the crypto tax controversy reveals much about his political strategy and vision for Argentina. By withdrawing the proposal, he demonstrated a willingness to listen to public concerns and adapt his policies accordingly. This flexibility could be a key asset as he navigates the complex landscape of Argentine politics and governance.
The episode also offers insights into the potential future direction of Milei's administration. The focus on economic reforms, coupled with a pragmatic approach to contentious issues, suggests a leadership style that prioritizes economic stability and growth over ideological purity. This could bode well for Argentina's future, particularly if Milei can harness the energy and innovation of the digital economy as part of his broader reform agenda.
However, the challenges ahead are significant. The Ley Ómnibus is just one part of a larger puzzle, and Milei's ability to implement comprehensive reforms will be tested in the coming months and years. The crypto tax saga has shown that while change is possible, it requires careful negotiation, stakeholder engagement, and a clear understanding of the economic and social landscape.
Conclusion
The story of Argentina's crypto tax proposal is a microcosm of the broader challenges facing the country as it seeks to reform its economy and society. It highlights the tensions between innovation and regulation, the importance of public opinion, and the complexities of governance in a rapidly changing world.
As Argentina moves forward, the lessons learned from this episode will be invaluable. The need for clear, informed, and inclusive policy-making has never been greater, particularly as the country navigates the uncertainties of the digital age.
FAQs
What is the Ley Ómnibus? The Ley Ómnibus, formally known as the "Law of Bases and Starting Points for the Freedom of Argentines," is a comprehensive reform package introduced by President Javier Milei. It aims to address various economic, social, and administrative issues in Argentina, aiming to stimulate growth, reduce bureaucracy, and improve the overall quality of life.
Why were crypto taxes proposed in Argentina? Crypto taxes were proposed as part of the Ley Ómnibus to broaden the tax base, align with global trends of regulating digital currencies, and generate additional revenue for the government. They were also intended to bring more transparency to the cryptocurrency sector in Argentina.
Why were the proposed crypto taxes withdrawn? The proposed crypto taxes were withdrawn due to significant public backlash and concerns that they would stifle innovation and economic freedom in the burgeoning crypto market. The decision was also influenced by the government's priority to ensure the swift passage of other reforms within the Ley Ómnibus.
What does the withdrawal of crypto taxes mean for investors? The withdrawal means that, for now, crypto investors in Argentina will not face additional taxes specifically targeting their cryptocurrency holdings or transactions. However, selling large amounts of cryptocurrency at a profit will still be subject to income tax.
That's all for today
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DISCLAIMER: None of this is financial advice. This newsletter is strictly educational and is not investment advice or a solicitation to buy or sell any assets or to make any financial decisions. Please be careful and do your own research.
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-
@ b99efe77:f3de3616
2025-05-03 23:20:27
PetriNostr. My everyday activity
sdfsdfsfsfdfdf
petrinet sfsfdsf -
@ 3bf0c63f:aefa459d
2025-04-25 18:55:52
Report of how the money Jack donated to the cause in December 2022 has been misused so far.
Bounties given
March 2025
- Dhalsim: 1,110,540 - Work on Nostr wiki data processing
February 2025
- BOUNTY* NullKotlinDev: 950,480 - Twine RSS reader Nostr integration
- Dhalsim: 2,094,584 - Work on Hypothes.is Nostr fork
- Constant, Biz and J: 11,700,588 - Nostr Special Forces
January 2025
- Constant, Biz and J: 11,610,987 - Nostr Special Forces
- BOUNTY* NullKotlinDev: 843,840 - Feeder RSS reader Nostr integration
- BOUNTY* NullKotlinDev: 797,500 - ReadYou RSS reader Nostr integration
December 2024
- BOUNTY* tijl: 1,679,500 - Nostr integration into RSS readers yarr and miniflux
- Constant, Biz and J: 10,736,166 - Nostr Special Forces
- Thereza: 1,020,000 - Podcast outreach initiative
November 2024
- Constant, Biz and J: 5,422,464 - Nostr Special Forces
October 2024
- Nostrdam: 300,000 - hackathon prize
- Svetski: 5,000,000 - Latin America Nostr events contribution
- Quentin: 5,000,000 - nostrcheck.me
June 2024
- Darashi: 5,000,000 - maintaining nos.today, searchnos, search.nos.today and other experiments
- Toshiya: 5,000,000 - keeping the NIPs repo clean and other stuff
May 2024
- James: 3,500,000 - https://github.com/jamesmagoo/nostr-writer
- Yakihonne: 5,000,000 - spreading the word in Asia
- Dashu: 9,000,000 - https://github.com/haorendashu/nostrmo
February 2024
- Viktor: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/viktorvsk/saltivka and https://github.com/viktorvsk/knowstr
- Eric T: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/tcheeric/nostr-java
- Semisol: 5,000,000 - https://relay.noswhere.com/ and https://hist.nostr.land relays
- Sebastian: 5,000,000 - Drupal stuff and nostr-php work
- tijl: 5,000,000 - Cloudron, Yunohost and Fraidycat attempts
- Null Kotlin Dev: 5,000,000 - AntennaPod attempt
December 2023
- hzrd: 5,000,000 - Nostrudel
- awayuki: 5,000,000 - NOSTOPUS illustrations
- bera: 5,000,000 - getwired.app
- Chris: 5,000,000 - resolvr.io
- NoGood: 10,000,000 - nostrexplained.com stories
October 2023
- SnowCait: 5,000,000 - https://nostter.vercel.app/ and other tools
- Shaun: 10,000,000 - https://yakihonne.com/, events and work on Nostr awareness
- Derek Ross: 10,000,000 - spreading the word around the world
- fmar: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/frnandu/yana
- The Nostr Report: 2,500,000 - curating stuff
- james magoo: 2,500,000 - the Obsidian plugin: https://github.com/jamesmagoo/nostr-writer
August 2023
- Paul Miller: 5,000,000 - JS libraries and cryptography-related work
- BOUNTY tijl: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/github-tijlxyz/wikinostr
- gzuus: 5,000,000 - https://nostree.me/
July 2023
- syusui-s: 5,000,000 - rabbit, a tweetdeck-like Nostr client: https://syusui-s.github.io/rabbit/
- kojira: 5,000,000 - Nostr fanzine, Nostr discussion groups in Japan, hardware experiments
- darashi: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/darashi/nos.today, https://github.com/darashi/searchnos, https://github.com/darashi/murasaki
- jeff g: 5,000,000 - https://nostr.how and https://listr.lol, plus other contributions
- cloud fodder: 5,000,000 - https://nostr1.com (open-source)
- utxo.one: 5,000,000 - https://relaying.io (open-source)
- Max DeMarco: 10,269,507 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aA-jiiepOrE
- BOUNTY optout21: 1,000,000 - https://github.com/optout21/nip41-proto0 (proposed nip41 CLI)
- BOUNTY Leo: 1,000,000 - https://github.com/leo-lox/camelus (an old relay thing I forgot exactly)
June 2023
- BOUNTY: Sepher: 2,000,000 - a webapp for making lists of anything: https://pinstr.app/
- BOUNTY: Kieran: 10,000,000 - implement gossip algorithm on Snort, implement all the other nice things: manual relay selection, following hints etc.
- Mattn: 5,000,000 - a myriad of projects and contributions to Nostr projects: https://github.com/search?q=owner%3Amattn+nostr&type=code
- BOUNTY: lynn: 2,000,000 - a simple and clean git nostr CLI written in Go, compatible with William's original git-nostr-tools; and implement threaded comments on https://github.com/fiatjaf/nocomment.
- Jack Chakany: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/jacany/nblog
- BOUNTY: Dan: 2,000,000 - https://metadata.nostr.com/
April 2023
- BOUNTY: Blake Jakopovic: 590,000 - event deleter tool, NIP dependency organization
- BOUNTY: koalasat: 1,000,000 - display relays
- BOUNTY: Mike Dilger: 4,000,000 - display relays, follow event hints (Gossip)
- BOUNTY: kaiwolfram: 5,000,000 - display relays, follow event hints, choose relays to publish (Nozzle)
- Daniele Tonon: 3,000,000 - Gossip
- bu5hm4nn: 3,000,000 - Gossip
- BOUNTY: hodlbod: 4,000,000 - display relays, follow event hints
March 2023
- Doug Hoyte: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/hoytech/strfry
- Alex Gleason: 5,000,000 sats - https://gitlab.com/soapbox-pub/mostr
- verbiricha: 5,000,000 sats - https://badges.page/, https://habla.news/
- talvasconcelos: 5,000,000 sats - https://migrate.nostr.com, https://read.nostr.com, https://write.nostr.com/
- BOUNTY: Gossip model: 5,000,000 - https://camelus.app/
- BOUNTY: Gossip model: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/kaiwolfram/Nozzle
- BOUNTY: Bounty Manager: 5,000,000 - https://nostrbounties.com/
February 2023
- styppo: 5,000,000 sats - https://hamstr.to/
- sandwich: 5,000,000 sats - https://nostr.watch/
- BOUNTY: Relay-centric client designs: 5,000,000 sats https://bountsr.org/design/2023/01/26/relay-based-design.html
- BOUNTY: Gossip model on https://coracle.social/: 5,000,000 sats
- Nostrovia Podcast: 3,000,000 sats - https://nostrovia.org/
- BOUNTY: Nostr-Desk / Monstr: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/alemmens/monstr
- Mike Dilger: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/mikedilger/gossip
January 2023
- ismyhc: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/Galaxoid-Labs/Seer
- Martti Malmi: 5,000,000 sats - https://iris.to/
- Carlos Autonomous: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/BrightonBTC/bija
- Koala Sat: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/KoalaSat/nostros
- Vitor Pamplona: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/vitorpamplona/amethyst
- Cameri: 5,000,000 - https://github.com/Cameri/nostream
December 2022
- William Casarin: 7 BTC - splitting the fund
- pseudozach: 5,000,000 sats - https://nostr.directory/
- Sondre Bjellas: 5,000,000 sats - https://notes.blockcore.net/
- Null Dev: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/KotlinGeekDev/Nosky
- Blake Jakopovic: 5,000,000 sats - https://github.com/blakejakopovic/nostcat, https://github.com/blakejakopovic/nostreq and https://github.com/blakejakopovic/NostrEventPlayground
