@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

After exclusively talking about NFL draft and NBA playoffs last week, we have a lot of ground to make up.

The race for second place in the T20k cricket contest is heating up, but @Coinsreporter has a very commanding hold on 1st. I similarly have a stranglehold on last place in the CricZap contest and, not to brag, I just broke @grayruby's impressive mark for worst single month performance.

We're down to the final two survivors in the UEFA Survivor Pool. C'mon @TNStacker, we're all pulling for you.

The US continues to dominate the rest of the world... in our US vs the world contest.

Our MLB fantasy league (courtesy of @NEEDcreations) is a lot of fun, with tons of daily roster moves and movement in the standings. We should also finally have time for @grayruby to rant about how the American League is the suckiest bunch of sucks who ever sucked (where's that from?).

We do have more playoff basketball to cover. The games this week have been spectacular and we have second round series to start talking about. Shoutout to @WeAreAllSatoshi for hosting discussion threads. I'll get some posts up later summarizing how the bracket challenge is going and taking second round picks in the playoff points challenge.

NHL playoffs are also underway and we've barely talked about them, yet. What are the interesting storylines of round 1? How's the bracket challenge going?

And, of course, we'll talk about our favorite Predyx sports markets.

What else do stackers want to talk about?

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/969413

@ 5cb68b7a:b7cb67d5

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Act fast and secure your digital assets with Crypt Recver!Losing access to your cryptocurrency can feel like losing a part of your future. Whether it’s a forgotten password, a damaged seed backup, or simply one wrong transfer, the stress can be overwhelming. But there’s a silver lining — Crypt Recver is here to help! With our expert-led recovery services, you can reclaim your lost Bitcoin and other cryptos safely and swiftly.

# Why Trust Crypt Recver? 🤝

🛠️ Expert Recovery Solutions

At Crypt Recver, we specialize in resolving some of the most complex wallet-related issues. Our team of skilled engineers has the tools and expertise to tackle:

• Partially lost or forgotten seed phrases
• Extracting funds from outdated or invalid wallet addresses
• Recovering data from damaged hardware wallets
• Restoring coins from old or unsupported wallet formats

You’re not just getting a service; you’re gaining a partner in your cryptocurrency journey.

🚀 Fast and Efficient Recovery

We understand that time is critical in crypto recovery. Our optimized systems ensure that you can regain access to your funds quickly, aiming for speed without sacrificing security. With a 90%+ success rate, you can trust us to fight against the clock on your behalf.

🔒 Privacy is Our Priority

Your confidentiality matters. Every recovery session is handled with the utmost care, ensuring all processes are encrypted and confidential. You can rest easy, knowing your sensitive information stays private.

💻 Advanced Technology

Our proprietary tools and brute-force optimization techniques allow for maximum efficiency in recovery. No matter how challenging your case may be, our technology is designed to give you the best chance at getting your crypto back.

Our Recovery Services Include: 📈

• Bitcoin Recovery: Lost access to your Bitcoin wallet? We help recover lost wallets, private keys, and passphrases.
• Transaction Recovery: Mistakes happen — whether it’s an incorrect wallet address or a lost password, let us handle the recovery.
• Cold Wallet Restoration: If your cold wallet is failing, we can safely extract your assets and migrate them into a secure, new wallet.
• Private Key Generation: Lost your private key? Don’t worry. Our experts can help you regain control using advanced methods — all while ensuring your privacy remains intact.

⚠️ What We Don’t Do

While we can handle many scenarios, there are some limitations. For example, we cannot recover funds stored in custodial wallets, or cases where there is a complete loss of four or more seed words without any partial info available. We’re transparent about what’s possible, so you know what to expect.

# Don’t Let Lost Crypto Hold You Back! ⏳

Did you know that 3 to 3.4 million BTC — nearly 20% of the total supply — are estimated to be permanently lost? Don’t become part of that statistic! Whether it’s due to a forgotten password, sending funds to the wrong address, or damaged drives, we can help you navigate through it all.

🛡️ Real-Time Dust Attack Protection

Protecting your privacy goes beyond just recovery. Our services include dust attack protection, which keeps your activity anonymous and your funds secure. Our suite will shield your identity from unwanted tracking, ransomware, and phishing attempts.

🎉 Start Your Recovery Journey Today!

Are you ready to reclaim your lost crypto? Don’t wait until it’s too late!

👉 Request Wallet Recovery Help Now!

📞 Need Immediate Assistance? Connect with Us!

For real-time support or questions, reach out to our dedicated team on:

• ✉️ Telegram: Chat with Us on Telegram
• 💬 WhatsApp: Message Us on WhatsApp

Crypt Recver is your trusted partner in the world of cryptocurrency recovery. Let us turn your challenges into victories. Don’t hesitate — your crypto future starts now! 🚀✨

Act fast and secure your digital assets with Crypt Recver!

@ 1d7ff02a:d042b5be

ผมได้ติดตามการแบนการซื้อขายแบบ P2P ของ Binance ในประเทศไทยมาระยะหนึ่งแล้ว จากสถานการณ์ดังกล่าว เห็นได้อย่างชัดเจนว่ารัฐบาลกำลังเริ่มโจมตี Bitcoin ก่อนที่เราจะบรรลุถึง Bitcoin Standard เราจำเป็นต้องมีความเป็นส่วนตัวและอิสระทางการเงิน ซึ่งการซื้อขายแบบ P2P มีความสำคัญมากในการบรรลุเป้าหมายนี้

ความสำคัญของ No-KYC P2P

No-KYC P2P คือหัวใจสำคัญ - เราจำเป็นต้องมีแพลตฟอร์มที่เป็นทางรอด เราไม่สามารถเชื่อใจแพลตฟอร์มแบบรวมศูนย์ได้เนื่องจากสาเหตุสองประการ: 1. ความเสี่ยงจากการถูกโกงโดยแพลตฟอร์มเอง (rug pull) 2. การถูกควบคุมจากภาครัฐ

แพลตฟอร์ม No-KYC P2P ที่แนะนำ

ผมอยากเสนอให้นักพัฒนาและชุมชน Bitcoin ไทย พิจารณาการศึกษาและพัฒนาแพลตฟอร์ม No-KYC P2P ปัจจุบันมีหลายทางเลือกที่มีอยู่แล้ว เช่น:

• Bisq
• RoboSats
• Mostro
• HodlHodl
• Lnp2pbot

เหตุผลที่แนะนำ Lnp2pbot

ผมขอแนะนำให้นำใช้หรือพัฒนาต่อจาก Lnp2pbot เนื่องจากข้อดีหลายประการ:

1. ประสบการณ์ผู้ใช้ (UX) ที่ดีกว่า - เมื่อเทียบกับแพลตฟอร์มอื่นๆ
2. ใช้ Telegram เป็นพื้นฐาน - มีระบบ Escrow (บุคคลที่สามที่ถือเงินระหว่างการทำธุรกรรม) ซึ่งเพิ่มความมั่นใจและลดโอกาสการถูกโกง
3. ลดการรวมศูนย์ - ไม่จำเป็นต้องพัฒนาแอปและส่งขึ้นสโตร์ ซึ่งจะทำให้นักพัฒนาต้องเปิดเผยตัวตนและกลายเป็นจุดอ่อนให้รัฐบาลควบคุม
4. สร้างชุมชนได้ง่าย - ทุกคนสามารถสร้างกลุ่มหรือชุมชนเพื่อการซื้อขายได้ ทำให้ตลาดพัฒนากลุ่มที่น่าเชื่อถือตามกลไกตลาดเสรี
5. ใช้งานจริงในหลายประเทศแล้ว - ปัจจุบันมีหลายประเทศที่นำ Lnp2pbot ไปใช้งานจริงแล้ว แสดงให้เห็นถึงความเสถียรและความเชื่อถือได้ของระบบ

บทบาทของนักพัฒนาไทย

Lnp2pbot อาจยังมีข้อจำกัดด้าน UX โดยเฉพาะสำหรับผู้ใช้ท้องถิ่น นักพัฒนาไทยสามารถนำเอาซอฟต์แวร์มาพัฒนาต่อและดำเนินการเองได้ เนื่องจากเป็นโอเพนซอร์สอยู่แล้ว

สิ่งสำคัญที่สุดคือการรักษาให้ซอฟต์แวร์เป็นโอเพนซอร์สและให้ทุกคนสามารถนำไปใช้หรือทำให้มันทำงานได้ด้วยตนเอง วิธีการนี้จะหลีกเลี่ยงการมีจุดรวมศูนย์ที่รัฐบาลสามารถโจมตีได้

@ 20986fb8:cdac21b3

传统黑客松：闪耀火花中的局限

过去几十年里，黑客松一直是技术文化的培养皿——24小时或48小时的狂热编程马拉松，在披萨、咖啡因和几近不可能的乐观情绪中推进。

自1999年Sun Microsystems首次举办黑客松，要求Java开发者在Palm V掌上电脑上完成一日编程，到创业公司和大学里通宵达旦的“黑客日”[1]，这些活动始终在庆祝黑客精神。它们为我们带来了Facebook的“点赞”按钮和聊天功能——这些标志性的创新[1]，皆诞生于一夜之间的即兴狂想。

它们也催生了如GroupMe这样的公司——这个应用仅用了几个深夜时段就完成开发，一年后就被Skype以8000万美元收购[2]。

黑客松逐渐成为技术界的传说，成为“无拘束创造力”的代名词。然而，尽管充满激情和炒作，传统黑客松却存在着严重的局限：它们是偶发、线下的活动——更像是“蓝月亮”才出现一次的肾上腺素爆发，而不是一种可持续的创新流程。

一次黑客松也许能在周末召集100名程序员共聚一室，但活动结束后便销声匿迹，直到下一年。

频率低、规模小、触达有限。只有能亲临现场的人（往往是硅谷或精英高校）才有机会参与。哪怕你是来自拉各斯或圣保罗的天才黑客，只要身处远方，你的绝妙创意也注定被忽视。

这类冲刺式活动的成果也极为受限。

当然，团队可能构建出炫酷的演示项目，并赢得一时风头。但大多数情况下，这些项目只是一次性原型——“玩具”应用，最终并未发展为真正的产品或公司。有研究表明，只有约5%的黑客松项目在活动结束几个月后还有任何生命迹象[3]。

其余95%则如烟云般消散——在“黑客松宿醉”中夭折：人们回到“正职”，而演示代码也蒙尘。

批评者甚至给黑客松取了个贬义的别名：“周末虚耗松”（weekend wastedathons），抨击其成果如同短命的“蒸汽软件”（vaporware）[3]。

想想看：一阵创造力的爆发，数十个点子竞相绽放……然后呢？

你能说出几个真正从黑客松走出的成功企业名字？对于每一个如Carousell或EasyTaxi那样从黑客松中诞生、后来成功融资数千万美元的项目，就有几百个聪明的创意组合永远不见天日[2]。

传统黑客松模式，尽管令人兴奋，却极少能转化为持续的创新。

它更像是被时间、地域和后续缺失所束缚的孤岛式创新。黑客松是事件，不是流程；它是烟花，不是日出。

此外，黑客松在历史上一直颇为封闭。

直到近年，它们主要由技术圈内人士自办自娱。大型科技公司会举办内部黑客松，以激发员工创造力（Facebook每几周举办一次通宵活动，最终诞生了时间线和标记功能，影响了十亿用户 [1]）；NASA和世界银行也曾尝试用黑客松推进公民科技。但这些都是例外，印证了一个普遍规律：黑客松从来不是常规工作流程，而是特例事件。

在科技巨头之外，鲜有组织具备资源或经验能频繁举办黑客松。

除非你是Google、Microsoft，或资金雄厚的创业孵化器，否则黑客松只是一场偶尔奢侈的尝试。事实上，当今世界上最大的黑客松是微软的内部全球黑客松——有多达70,000名员工跨越75个国家同时参与，这是壮观的成就，但唯有企业巨头才能负担得起[4]。

而中小型玩家只能仰望、惊叹。

限制显而易见：黑客松太少见、太封闭，无法真正激活全球人才库；周期太短，难以构建成熟产品；过于孤立，无法真正撼动行业。

没错，它们确实产生过惊艳的灵感时刻——创新的闪光灯。

但若视其为持续进步的机制，传统黑客松则显得捉襟见肘。作为投资者或科技领袖，你或许会为创造力鼓掌，但仍会追问：真正的长期影响在哪里？有谁搭建了把这些火花转化为持续光束的基础设施？

正如克莱顿·克里斯滕森的《创新者的窘境》所言，传统巨头往往将黑客松项目视作“玩具”——有趣但不切实际。

而事实上，“每一个未来的大事物，起初总是被当作玩具”。黑客松的确催生了不少“玩具”，却极少能拥有支持系统去把它们变为下一个伟大的事物。

这个模式，是时候被重新发明了。

为何到了2020年代，我们还在用1990年代的创新方式？为何将突破性的想法限制在一个周末或一个地点？为何允许95%的早期创新无声凋谢？

这些问题，悬而未解，等待着回答。

Hackathons 2.0 ——DoraHacks与黑客松的第一次进化（2020–2024）

DoraHacks登场。

在2020年代初，DoraHacks如同一台“心脏除颤器”，令黑客松这种形式重获新生。DoraHacks 1.0（大致始于2020年、延续至2024年）并非对黑客松的微调，而是对其彻底的重塑：将传统黑客松从1.0升级到2.0。它汲取原有理念，加速、扩展并升级至全维度，全方位放大其影响力。结果是一场全球黑客运动的兴起，一个将黑客松从“一锤子买卖”变为持续技术创新引擎的平台。

DoraHacks如何革命性地重构黑客松？请看以下几个维度：

从24小时到24天（甚至24周）——时间轴的重构

DoraHacks拉长了黑客松的时间框架，解锁了远超以往的创新潜能。

相比于传统那种紧张焦躁的24小时冲刺，DoraHacks支持的黑客松往往持续数周甚至数月——这是一场范式转变。

团队终于有了足够时间去打磨原型、迭代优化、反复精炼。更长的周期意味着项目能从粗糙演示走向成熟MVP。黑客们终于可以“偶尔睡觉”，引入用户反馈，将灵感的火花铸造成实用的成果。

时间的延展模糊了黑客松与加速器之间的界限，但保留了黑客松自由、开放的精神。例如，DoraHacks为区块链初创团队组织的黑客松通常持续6到8周，最终成果往往能吸引真实用户与投资人。

延长的时间，把“玩具”变成了产品。就像黑客松终于“长大成人”：Less Hack, More BUIDL（少些临时拼凑，多些踏实构建）。打破24小时范式之后，黑客松真正变得更高效、更深远、更具生产力。

从街角咖啡馆到全球虚拟竞技场——地理限制的打破

DoraHacks将黑客松从线下搬到云端，释放出全球参与的可能性。

2020年之前，黑客松意味着必须到现场——可能是旧金山某仓库，或是大学实验室，与本地队友并肩作战。而DoraHacks颠覆了这一格局：任何人、任何地方，只要连上网络，就可以参与。

一位尼日利亚的开发者、乌克兰的设计师、巴西的产品经理，如今可以在同一场线上黑客松中协作创新。地理边界不复存在。

当DoraHacks举办面向非洲区块链开发者的Naija HackAtom时，吸引了来自尼日利亚科技社群的500多名参与者（包括160多位开发者，odaily.news）。在另一场活动中，来自数十个国家的黑客同时在线参与、构思、竞争 [6]。

这种全球性拓展不仅增加了参与人数，更引入了多样的视角和本地问题。一个金融科技黑客松中，可能有拉美开发者解决汇款问题；一个AI黑客松中，亚洲或非洲开发者将机器学习应用于本地医疗。

线上化，让黑客松变得真正普惠。DoraHacks有效地民主化了创新的入场门槛——你只需要一根网线和一颗创作的心。

结果是：创意的数量与质量实现量子飞跃。 黑客松不再是精英小圈子的游戏，而是一场面向全人类的全球创新嘉年华。

从几十人到数万人——规模的跃迁

DoraHacks推动的另一项革命，就是规模的扩展。传统黑客松人少而亲密（几十人，顶多几百）。DoraHacks则催生了成千上万人参与、数百万美元奖金池的大型活动。

例如，在2021年的一场线上黑客松中，近7000名参与者提交了550个项目，争夺500万美元奖金。这是2010年代初期根本无法想象的规模[7]。

DoraHacks本身也成为这些“超级黑客松”的中枢。平台在Web3领域所举办的黑客松常常吸引数百支队伍参赛，奖金高达数百万美元。

这不只是好看的数据，而是更广泛的全球人才投入，也带来了更高概率的真正突破性成果。

以BNB Chain支持的黑客松系列为例，在DoraHacks推动下，有216支开发团队获得了超过1000万美元的资金支持[8]——是的，真金白银的种子投资。这哪是黑客松？简直就是一个小型经济体。

奖池也从“披萨钱”膨胀成“起步资本”，吸引那些有抱负、懂商业的创业者参与。越来越多的项目不再只是周末练习，而是具备融资能力的初创企业。黑客松，也由“科技科学展”升格为“全球创业发射台”。

从玩具项目到真公司（甚至独角兽）——成果的飞跃

最令人振奋的一点是：DoraHacks所孵化的项目，不只是应用，更是真正的公司。其中一些甚至成长为独角兽（估值超过10亿美元的公司）。

我们之前提到过2020年之前为数不多的成功案例，比如Carousell（一个在2012年黑客松上诞生的小点子，如今已成为估值11亿美元的二手市场[2]），或EasyTaxi（始于黑客松，后融资7500万美元、覆盖30个国家[2]）。

DoraHacks让这种奇迹频繁上演。通过更长的周期、更多的支持、更好的资金接力，黑客松逐渐成为真正的“创新孵化器”。

以1inch Network为例——它是一家去中心化金融聚合平台，起初就是在2019年一个黑客松中诞生的。创始人Sergej Kunz和Anton Bukov在社区支持下完成了最初的原型，随后持续迭代。

如今，1inch的累计交易额已超4000亿美元，成为DeFi领域的头部平台之一 [9]。

再看DoraHacks Web3黑客松中的优胜者，许多项目已经完成了数百万美元的融资，获得顶级VC支持。

黑客松成为了“创业世界的前门”，创始人往往在此首次亮相。比如Solana Season Hackathons中的热门项目STEPN —— 一个“边走边赚”应用，于2021年赢得黑客松奖项，不久后就成长为拥有数十亿美元代币经济的现象级产品[10]。

这不是孤立事件，而是DoraHacks设定的系统性趋势。它的黑客松正在源源不断地产出可投、可用、可落地的创业项目。

某种意义上，DoraHacks模糊了黑客松与早期孵化器的界限。玩乐的黑客精神依然在，但结果已不只是炫耀——而是真实存在的公司，有用户，有营收，有估值。

借用投资人Chris Dixon的话说：DoraHacks把那些“玩具”，扶育成了下一个伟大的事物[5]。

DoraHacks不仅优化了旧模式，它创造了一个全新的创新生态

DoraHacks主导的第一次黑客松进化，不只是“修补优化”，而是打造了一个全新的创新系统。

黑客松变得高频、全球化、具决定性影响。

它不再是短暂的周末狂欢，而是持续的创新供给链。

DoraHacks平台每年孵化出上百个可行项目，其中很多都获得后续融资。它不仅提供活动本身，更提供“术后护理”：社区支持、导师指导、连接投资人与资助渠道（如DoraHacks的资助计划和二次方资助机制）。 到2024年，成果不言自明。DoraHacks已成长为全球最重要的黑客松平台——一个贯通区块链、AI乃至更多前沿科技的黑客运动中枢。

数据不会说谎。

9年间，DoraHacks帮助4000多个项目获得超过3000万美元资金（coindesk.com）[11]；到2025年，这一数字飙升，DoraHacks支持的黑客松和资助总计为超过21000个初创团队提供了逾8000万美元资金（linkedin.com）[12]。

这不是夸张宣传——而是写入技术史的事实。CoinDesk评价道：“DoraHacks已成为全球最活跃的多链Web3开发平台与黑客松组织者之一。”（coindesk.com）[13]

主流技术生态纷纷注意到这一趋势。

超过40个公链（包括L1与L2）——从Solana到Polygon再到Avalanche——皆与DoraHacks合作，组织黑客松与开放创新计划（blockworks.co）[13]。

Blockworks 报道称，DoraHacks已成为数十个Web3生态系统的“核心合作伙伴”，帮助他们连接全球开发者资源（blockworks.co）[11]。

在投资人眼中，DoraHacks本身就是关键基础设施：“DoraHacks对Web3基础设施建设至关重要。”一位支持平台的VC如此指出（blockworks.co）[13]。

简而言之：到2024年，DoraHacks已将黑客松从一个小众事件变为全球创新引擎。

它证明：只要规模足够、流程健全，黑客松可以持续地产出真实、可投、可商业化的创新。

它连接开发者与资源，把“孤岛式创新”变成一场全球开发者的常青运动。

这就是Hackathons 2.0：更大、更久、更无界，也远比以往更具颠覆性。

也许你会问：还能比这更好吗？

DoraHacks似乎已经破解了“如何让黑客创造力产生持久影响”的密码。

但这并不是终点。事实上，DoraHacks团队即将揭示的，是一场更加激进的革命。

如果说DoraHacks 1.0是“进化”，那接下来将是一次范式转移的“革命”。

Agentic Hackathon：BUIDL AI与第二次黑客松革命

2024年，DoraHacks推出了BUIDL AI，并由此提出了“Agentic Hackathon（自主智能黑客松）”的概念。

如果说最初的黑客松像是模拟电话，DoraHacks 1.0则使其进化为智能手机，那么BUIDL AI的出现，就像为黑客松安装上了AI副驾驶——进入自动驾驶模式。

这不仅是渐进式的提升，而是一场彻底的第二次革命。

BUIDL AI为黑客松注入了人工智能、自动化与“智能代理”能力（Agentic），根本性地改变了黑客松的组织方式与体验路径。

我们正迈入“自主智能创新时代（Age of Agentic Innovation）”，在这个时代中，借助AI代理运行的黑客松可以以前所未有的频率、高效与智慧展开。

那么，究竟什么是Agentic Hackathon？

它是一种由AI代理全面增强的黑客松，从策划、评审到参与者支持都涵盖在内，使得创新的速度与规模达到前所未有的高度。

在Agentic Hackathon中，AI是那位永不疲倦的共同组织者，与人类并肩工作。 过去那些压垮组织者的繁琐流程，如今交由智能算法完成。你可以想象——黑客松几乎在自动运行，如同一场永不停歇的“点子锦标赛”。

借助BUIDL AI，DoraHacks实现了“自驾黑客松”：自主、高效、全天候运行，且可在多个领域同时并行。 这并非科幻小说，而是正在发生的现实。我们来看BUIDL AI是如何运作的，以及它如何将黑客松效率提升十倍以上：

AI驱动的评审与项目筛选：效率提升10倍以上

大型黑客松中最耗时的环节之一就是评审数百个项目提交。传统做法常常需要组织者耗费数周精力，才能从中筛选出有潜力的项目。

BUIDL AI彻底改变了这一切。

它配备了BUIDL Review模块——一个AI驱动的评审系统，能够从多个维度（项目完整性、创意性、主题契合度等）智能分析项目，并自动剔除质量较低的提交[14]。

就像配备了一支随叫随到的专家评审军团。

效果如何？原本需要几百人小时完成的工作，如今几分钟即可完成。

DoraHacks报告称，AI辅助评审已将组织效率提高超过10倍[14]。

想象一下：一项原本需要一个月枯燥工作完成的任务，如今在几天之内搞定，而且评分更一致、公正、透明。 组织者不再淹没在文书工作中，参与者也能更快获得反馈。

当然，AI并不完全取代人工评委——最终决策仍需专家参与，但AI承担了繁重的初审环节。这也意味着：黑客松可放心接纳更多项目提交，因为AI会帮你完成筛选。

不再因为“人手不足”而限制报名人数。

在Agentic Hackathon中，再也没有优秀项目被埋没的遗憾，因为AI确保它们都能被看到。

自动化市场营销与内容讲述：让每场黑客松都自带扩散力

赢得一场黑客松固然令人激动，但如果无人知晓，影响力也就大打折扣。

过去，黑客松结束后，组织者通常需要手动撰写总结、撰文致谢、更新结果——虽然重要，却常常被推迟。

BUIDL AI改变了这一点。

它配备了自动化营销模块，可一键生成黑客松的总结报告与传播内容[14]。

想象这样一个AI，它完整“观察”了整场黑客松（包括提交项目、获奖名单、技术趋势），然后自动撰写出一份专业报道：突出最佳创意、介绍获胜团队、提炼洞察（比如“本次黑客松中60%的项目应用AI于医疗场景”）。

BUIDL AI正是这么做的：自动生成“高光集锦”与总结报告[14]。

这不仅节省了组织者的写作工作，还极大提升了黑客松的传播力。

活动结束数小时内，一份内容丰富的总结即可全球发布，展示创新成果，吸引关注。

赞助方与合作伙伴对此尤为青睐，因为他们的投资能被迅速宣传；参与者也很喜欢，因为自己的项目立刻获得庆祝与曝光。

本质上，每一场黑客松都在讲述一个故事，而BUIDL AI确保这个故事被迅速、广泛地传播。

这种自动化叙事机制，使得黑客松不再是孤立事件，而是持续内容的源泉，为下一场活动积蓄动能。

这是一个良性循环：黑客松产出创新，AI包装传播，传播吸引更多创新者。

一键发起，多黑客松并行：组织者的自由释放

BUIDL AI最具解放性的功能之一，是一键启动黑客松、支持多场并行管理。

过去，发起一场黑客松本身就是一项大型项目：报名系统、评委协调、奖金设计、沟通流程……一切都需人工配置。

DoraHacks的BUIDL AI引入了“一键发起黑客松”工具 [14] 。

组织者只需输入基本信息（主题、奖池、时间、评审规则），平台即自动生成活动页面、提交入口、评审流程等，就像发一篇博客一样简单。

这极大降低了社区与公司举办黑客松的门槛。

如今，即使是一个初创公司或大学社团，也可以轻松举办全球级黑客松，无需专职活动团队。

此外，BUIDL AI还支持多场黑客松的并行管理[14]。

过去，即使是科技巨头也难以同步组织多场黑客松——资源消耗太大。如今，一个生态系统可以同时运行DeFi、AI、 IoT等主题黑客松，背后由AI自动调度。

自BUIDL AI发布以来，组织12场/年，甚至同时运行数场黑客松，从“不可能”变成常规操作[14]。

平台还自动管理参与者接入、发送提醒、通过聊天机器人回答常见问题，确保流程顺畅。

简而言之，BUIDL AI让黑客松主办方像使用云服务器一样“按需发起”创新活动。

这是一场结构性转变：黑客松不再是“偶尔有空才办”的事件，而是“需要时就能发”的常态流程。 我们正在见证永续黑客松文化的诞生——不再是偶尔的火花，而是持续的火焰，始终燃烧，永不熄灭。

实时AI导师与智能助手：人人皆可成为“Agentic Hacker”

Agentic Hackathon的“智能代理”不仅体现在后台，也贯穿了参与者的体验。

借助AI集成，开发者得到了更智能的工具与支持。

例如，BUIDL AI可以配备AI助手，在活动中实时回答开发者问题（如“这个API怎么用？”、“有没有这个算法的代码示 例？”），就像随叫随到的技术导师。

它还可以推荐协作伙伴、推送参考资料。

本质上，每位参与者都像身边多了一个AI队友——全能、勤奋、永不疲倦。

一些本需数小时调试的bug，借助AI助手几分钟即可解决。

这意味着：项目质量提升，参与者学习效率大幅提高。

正如followin.io所言，这种“agentic协助”体现了“人人皆可成为黑客”的愿景[14]。

AI自动化了大量重复性工作，放大了小团队的能力边界[14]。

在Agentic Hackathon中，两个人加AI助手，就能完成过去五人团队数周才能达成的任务[14]。

这既降低了门槛，也拉高了上限——创新的天花板不再遥不可及。

总结：从黑客松2.0跃迁至3.0，进入智能化持续创新的新时代

所有这些变革，指向同一个事实：黑客松已从偶发的灵感爆发，演化为持续、高频、AI优化的创新流程。

我们正从黑客松2.0走向黑客松3.0——一个自主、常驻、智能的新时代。

这是一场范式转移。

黑客松不再是你参加的一场活动，而是你生活的一个创新环境。

借助BUIDL AI，DoraHacks描绘出这样的世界：“黑客松将进入一个前所未有的自动化与智能化时代，使全球更多黑客、开发者与开源社区能够轻松发起与参与。”

创新将随时随地发生，因为支持它的基础设施正由AI驱动、全天候运转于云端。

黑客松已成为一个智能平台，随时准备将创意转化为现实。

更关键的是，这一切并不局限于区块链。

BUIDL AI是通用平台——无论是AI、气候科技、医疗、教育等领域，都可接入Agentic Hackathon平台，享受更高频、更高效的创新节奏。

这预示着一个未来：黑客松将成为默认的解决问题方式。

公司与社区不再靠封闭的委员会与研发部门推进创新，而是将问题投入黑客松竞技场——一个始终活跃的解决问题引擎。

形象地说：

**DoraHacks 1.0 让黑客松拥有了高速引擎；

DoraHacks 2.0 加上 BUIDL AI，则让它变成一辆自动驾驶的赛车——油门踩到底。**

成本、复杂度、时间的阻碍——都不复存在。

如今，任何组织都能毫无阻力地驶入创新高速公路，从0加速到60。

黑客松频率如博客更新，融入日常运营，如同敏捷开发的冲刺演示。

按需创新，规模扩张——这就是Agentic Hackathon的力量。

随需创新：Agentic Hackathon 如何惠及所有人

Agentic Hackathon（自主智能黑客松）的诞生，并非只是技术社区的一款“新奇玩具”，而是一种变革性的工具，可服务于企业、开发者，乃至整个行业。

我们正步入一个全新时代：任何拥有愿景的人都能将“黑客松即服务”转化为推动创新的引擎。以下是不同参与者如何从这场革命中受益：

AI公司 —— 加速生态成长的发动机

对于专注于人工智能的公司（如 OpenAI、Google、Microsoft、Stability AI 等），黑客松是一座座发掘其技术创意用途的金矿。

如今借助 Agentic Hackathon，这些公司几乎可以为自己的平台持续举办一场“永不落幕”的开发者大会。

比如，OpenAI 可以为 GPT-4 或 DALL·E 启动全年在线的黑客松，鼓励全球开发者持续实验、展示这些AI的应用场景——本质上，以众包方式为AI平台孵化创新与杀手级应用。

收益何在？生态系统和用户基数的指数级扩展。

新的用例往往来自公司内部未曾设想的角落。 （最早展示 GPT-3 能撰写法律合同、生成游戏关卡的，不是大公司，而是独立黑客——他们在黑客松和社区挑战中发现了这些潜力。）

有了 BUIDL AI，AI 公司可以一键启动月度黑客松，每月聚焦不同方向（比如本月自然语言处理，下月机器人控制）。 这是市场营销与产品研发的倍增器。

无需再组织昂贵的开发者布道之旅，AI 将成为全球开发者互动的主力军。产品在推广的同时也在优化。 本质上，每家AI公司都可以开启自己的“黑客松联赛”，推动API或模型的普及与应用。

Coinbase最近首次举办AI主题黑客松，尝试连接加密与AI领域——他们很清楚，要播下新范式的种子，黑客松是最佳路径[15] 。

未来，我们将看到所有AI平台效仿：持续通过黑客松教育开发者、生成内容（演示、教程），并发掘可投资/可招聘的杰出人才。这将是社区建设的超级助推器。

L1/L2与技术平台 —— 发现下一只独角兽

对于区块链的一层/二层网络（Layer1/Layer2），以及任何技术平台（如云服务、VR平台等）来说，黑客松已成为新的“Deal Flow”（项目源）。

在 Web3 世界里，许多顶级项目与协议都诞生于黑客松，这一点早已被广泛认同。

我们看到，1inch 就是始于黑客松，后来成长为 DeFi 独角兽（cointelegraph.com）[9]。

Polygon 积极举办黑客松以寻找其生态的新型dApps；Filecoin 借助黑客松发掘分布式存储应用。

借助 DoraHacks 和 BUIDL AI，这些平台现在可以高频率地组织黑客松，持续输出创新成果。

不再是一年一两次大型活动，而是一个滚动进行的计划——比如每季度一场，甚至同时多地开展全球挑战，保持开发者“常态建设”。

回报率巨大：即使设有可观奖金，黑客松的举办成本也远低于收购一个蓬勃发展的初创公司或协议所需投入。 黑客松本质上是将早期研发外包给充满热情的社区成员，最好的创意自然浮现。

Solana 的黑客松就促成了 Phantom、Solend 等明星项目的落地。Facebook 的内部黑客松也曾带来推动平台主导地位的功能创新[1]。

现在，任何平台都可以将黑客松“外部化”：作为发现人才与创新的“雷达”。借助 BUIDL AI，哪怕一个 L2 区块链的核心团队人手有限，也能并行运行多场黑客松与赏金任务——一场关注 DeFi，一场关注 NFT，一场关注游戏等等。

AI 负责初审项目与管理社区问答，让平台的 DevRel 团队不至于“过劳”。结果是，一条源源不断的创新供给链，不断喂养平台增长。下一个独角兽、下一个杀手级应用，将被提前识别并扶持成长。

黑客松已成为 VC 和技术生态的新型创业漏斗（Startup Funnel）。

未来，投资人将活跃于 Agentic Hackathon 中——因为那里正是“未来车库”的所在：黑客们聚集在云端黑客室中重塑世界。

正如 Paul Graham 所言：“黑客与画家，皆为创造者”，他们将在黑客松平台的画布上，描绘未来科技的蓝图。

所有公司与社区 —— 创新成为一种持续流程

或许 BUIDL AI 最深远的影响是：让所有组织都能举办黑客松，不再局限于科技公司。

任何希望推动创新的机构——银行探索金融科技、医院网络寻找医疗科技方案、政府寻找公民科技创意——都可以利用 Agentic Hackathon。

创新不再是巨头的特权，它成为一项“云服务”，人人可用。

比如，一个城市政府可以举办全年黑客松，征集“智慧城市”解决方案，让本地开发者持续提出、建设项目以改善城市生活。

BUIDL AI 平台可以设置不同“赛道”：交通、能源、安全，每月评选最佳创意并给予奖励。

这比传统招标流程更加灵活，能更高效地激发社区活力与项目孵化。

同样地，任何担心被颠覆的财富500强公司（其实谁不担心？）都可以主动“自我颠覆”——通过黑客松邀请员工和外部创新者挑战企业自身难题。

在 agentic 模式下，即使是非技术型公司也能轻松参与；AI 会引导流程，保障运行顺畅。试想：黑客松成为每一家企业战略部门的“标配工具”，不断原型化未来。

正如 Marc Andreessen 所说，“软件正在吞噬整个世界”——而现在，每家公司都可以通过举办黑客松，参与“软件化”自身问题的过程。

这将推动跨行业的创新民主化。

尝试大胆创意的门槛大幅降低（周末黑客松 vs. 数月企业流程），更多潜在颠覆性创意将在企业内部浮现。

有了 DoraHacks 的全球影响力，企业也能轻松吸引外部创新者参与。

零售公司为何不能从全球黑客那里众包 AR 购物创意？

制药公司为何不办场生物信息学黑客松以探索数据分析新方法？

答案只有一个：没有理由不做。Agentic Hackathon 让一切变得可行、值得。

黑客松即服务（Hackathon-as-a-Service）将成为下一代的创新部门——要么使用它，要么被使用它的人超越。

结语：从偶发事件到创新基础设施的演进

所有上述变革，归结为一个深刻转变：黑客松正从一次性的活动，演变为创新生态系统中的常驻组成部分。

它们正成为像云计算、宽带网络一样的基础资源：随时可用，规模无限。

想获得新点子或原型？办场黑客松，让全球开发者接招。

想激活开发者社群？发布主题黑客松，提供舞台。

想试验10种解决方案？来一场比赛，看看谁跑出来。

我们正在见证所谓“创新公地（Innovation Commons）”的诞生：一个持续匹配问题与创意、迅速迭代解决方案的协 作空间。

AI是这片公地的维护者，保证运行高效、协作持久，不再需要消耗人为组织者的精力。

这也正好回应了人们对黑客松的批评：缺乏可持续性与后续跟进。

而在Agentic模型中，黑客松不再是孤岛——它们可以彼此衔接：上届的优胜团队可以直接晋级加速器，或参与下月的 新主题挑战。

BUIDL AI 甚至可以追踪团队进展，推荐资助机会、合作方、甚至下一步要申请的Grant，彻底解决过去“项目周末之后无人接手”的痛点。

好项目不会在周日夜晚“死掉”，而是被自动引导进入下一阶段的旅程。

我们还应认识到一种更深层的哲学意义：

创新文化，变得更具实验性、更重才智、更具节奏感。

在Agentic Hackathon的世界中，座右铭是：“为啥不原型一下？为啥不现在就试？”

因为启动一场实验的门槛如此之低，创新思维将像空气般流入每一个组织、每一个社区。

失败的成本极低（只需几周），成功的可能却极高（也许就是下一个突破）。

这是一块供“颠覆性想法”安全试验的沙盒，也正是解决《创新者的窘境》的现实路径：

结构性地为那些被视为“玩具”的想法，保留生长空间[5]。

企业无需在“核心业务”与“实验创新”之间二选一——他们可以为后者开设一条常驻黑客松轨道。

本质上，DoraHacks 与 BUIDL AI 打造了一座“创新工厂”——任何有远见的组织都可以“租用”一周末，甚至一年。

从 Like 按钮到点火升空：黑客松是创新的摇篮

要真正理解这个新时代的分量，我们不妨回顾一下——多少改变世界的创新，其实起源于黑客松项目或类似黑客松的实验，即使当时还受限于旧有模式。而现在，随着这些限制被移除，我们能期待的，将远远不止于此。 历史本身，就是黑客松创新模式的最佳佐证：

Facebook 的基因，由黑客松塑造

马克·扎克伯格本人曾表示，Facebook 的许多关键功能都来自公司内部的黑客松：“点赞”按钮、Facebook Chat、时间线功能，无一不是工程师们在通宵达旦的黑客松中迸发出的创意[1]。

一位实习生在黑客松中构建的“评论区标记好友”原型，在短短两周后就上线，触达了十亿用户[1]。Facebook 的核心理念“Move fast and break things（快速行动，大胆试错）”，几乎就是黑客松精神的官方化表达。

可以毫不夸张地说，Facebook 能在2000年代超越 MySpace，正是得益于其由黑客松推动的快速创新文化[1]。

如果黑客松能在一家公司的内部产生如此颠覆性作用，想象一下——当它成为全球网络时，创新的速度将怎样改变整个世界？

Google 的“20% 时间”项目：制度化的黑客精神

Google 长期鼓励员工将20%的时间投入到自由探索的副项目中，这本质上是黑客松理念的延伸：结构外的探索实验。 Gmail 和 Google News 就是这样诞生的。

此外，Google 也曾围绕其 API 举办公开黑客松（如 Android 黑客松），催生了无数应用。

换句话说，Google 将黑客式实验制度化，获得了巨大的创新红利。

如今借助 Agentic Hackathon，即便没有 Google 资源的公司，也能制度化实验文化。

世界各地的开发者，都可以把每个周末当作自己的“20%时间”，借由这些平台启动属于自己的探索。

开源运动的推进器：Hackathons + Open Source = 强生态

开源软件世界也从“代码冲刺”（黑客松形式）中受益匪浅。

例如整个 OpenBSD 操作系统的开发就离不开其定期举办的黑客松[3]。

近年来，Node.js 与 TensorFlow 等项目也都通过黑客松来构建工具与生态组件。

其结果是：更强壮的技术生态，更活跃的贡献者社群。

DoraHacks 也在延续这种传统，并将自己定位为“全球领先的黑客松社区与开源开发者激励平台”[17]。

开源与黑客松的结合——都去中心化、社群驱动、基于 meritocracy（才智主义）——本身就是创新引擎。

我们可以预见，未来开源项目将借助 BUIDL AI 启动“永不停歇的黑客松”：持续修复 bug、加入新功能、奖励优秀贡献者。

这将为开源世界注入新生命——不仅通过奖金提供激励，还能以系统化的方式提供认可与传播。

初创世界：黑客松造就新公司

众多初创企业的起点，都是黑客松。 我们已提到的 Carousell（起于Startup Weekend，估值超10亿美元[2]）、EasyTaxi（同样出自Startup Weekend，融资7500万美元[2]）。 再加上：

• Zapier（集成工具平台，灵感来自黑客松）
• GroupMe（如前所述，被Skype收购）
• Instacart（传说在Y Combinator Demo Day 黑客松中以早期版本夺得优胜）
• 以及无数加密初创项目（包括 Ethereum 创始人们的相识与合作也源于早期黑客松与比特币线下聚会）

如今，当 Coinbase 想寻找链上 AI 的下一个机会时，他们办一场黑客松[15]。

Stripe 想推动支付平台上的应用数量，也选择了办黑客松并发放 Bounty。

这种模式行之有效：找到充满热情的构建者，为他们提供跳板。

有了 Agentic Hackathon，这个跳板不再只是弹射一次，而是始终在线，能接住更多人。

这个“创业漏斗”变宽了，我们将看到更多初创企业诞生于黑客松。

完全可以想象：

2030年代最伟大的公司，不会诞生于车库，而是源自一场在线黑客松，由几个在 Discord 上认识的开发者，在 AI 导师协助下完成原型，并在 DoraHacks 平台数周内获得融资。

换句话说，“车库神话”已进化为全球、云端、AI驱动的创业现实。

黑客与画家：创造者的共鸣

Paul Graham 在《Hackers & Painters》中曾将“黑客”比作“画家”——两者皆为纯粹的创作者[16]。

而黑客松，正是这种创造能量最集中、最爆发的场域。

许多伟大程序员都会告诉你，他们最具灵感的作品，正是在黑客松或秘密小项目中完成的——在没有官僚主义的束缚 下，沉浸于“心流”中完成的创作。

扩大黑客松的规模与频率，本质上就是扩大人类的创造力边界。

我们或许会想起文艺复兴时期——艺术家与发明家聚集在赞助人举办的工坊中自由创作；而如今，黑客松就是现代文艺复兴的“创客工坊”。

它融合了艺术、科学与企业家精神。

若达·芬奇活在今天，他一定会如鱼得水地出现在黑客松中——他以疯狂原型迭代著称。

更重要的是：黑客松完美解决了《创新者的窘境》中的核心问题：鼓励人们去做那些 incumbent（巨头）不屑一顾、看似“小而无用”的项目——而那恰恰往往是颠覆性创新的藏身之处 [5]。

DoraHacks 正是通过制度化黑客松，制度化了颠覆本身——确保下一个 Netflix、Airbnb，不会因为“听起来像个玩具”而被错过。

黑客松已成为全球创新基础设施的一部分

我们已从“黑客松罕见且本地化”的时代，走到了“黑客松持续且全球化”的今天。

这不仅是节奏上的转变，更是全球创新基础设施的关键转折点。

19世纪，我们修建了铁路与电报，催化了工业革命，连接了市场与思想；

20世纪，我们构建了互联网与万维网，引爆了信息革命；

而今，21世纪，DoraHacks 与 BUIDL AI 正在搭建“创新高速公路”：一个持续运行、AI驱动的网络，

在全球范围内，实时连接解决者与问题、人才与机会、资本与创意。

这是为 创新本身修建的基础设施。

伟大的愿景：全球创新的新基础设施

我们正站在一个历史拐点上。

有了 DoraHacks 和 Agentic Hackathon（自主智能黑客松）的出现，创新不再局限于象牙塔、硅谷办公室，或一年一度的大会。

它正成为一项持续的全球性活动——一个随时随地聚集最聪明头脑与最大胆创意的竞技场。

这是一个未来：创新将像 Wi-Fi 一样无处不在，像摩尔定律一样不断加速。

这是 DoraHacks 正在主动构建的未来，而它所带来的影响将是深远的。

想象几年之后的世界：DoraHacks + BUIDL AI 成为跨行业创新项目的默认基础设施。

这个平台7×24不间断运转，承载着从 AI 医疗、气候变化应对，到艺术娱乐前沿的各类黑客松。

而且它不仅仅属于程序员——设计师、创业者、科学家，任何有创造力冲动的人，都能接入这张全球创新网络。

一个伦敦的创业者凌晨2点冒出商业点子；2点15分，她就在 DoraHacks 上发起一场48小时黑客松，AI 自动为她召集来自四大洲的协作者。

听起来疯狂？但未来这将成为常态。

亚洲某国突发环境危机，政府通过 BUIDL AI 紧急发起黑客松，数日内即收到来自全球的数十个可执行科技方案。 纽约某家风投基金希望发现新项目，不再只是等着 PPT 投递——他们直接赞助一场开放黑客松，要求提交原型，而非空谈构想。

这就是 Agentic 创新正在发生的方式：快速、无边界、智能协作。 在这个即将到来的时代，DoraHacks 将如同 GitHub 之于代码、AWS 之于初创企业一般，成为全球创新的基础平台。

你甚至可以称它为创新的 GitHub——不是一个存储代码的工具，而是项目诞生的土壤[17]。 DoraHacks 自称是“全球黑客运动的引擎”；而有了 BUIDL AI，它更成为这场运动的自动驾驶系统。

我们应将其视为全球公共创新基础设施的一部分：

正如高速公路运输货物、互联网传递信息，DoraHacks 传递的是创新本身——

从创意萌芽到落地实施，以惊人的速度。

当历史回顾2020年代，持续性、AI驱动的黑客松的诞生，将被视为人类创新模式变革的重要篇章。

这是一幅宏大但真实可触的愿景：

创新，将变成一场永恒的黑客松。

设想一下：

黑客精神深入社会每个角落，成为对现状的持续挑战，时刻发出这样的提问：

“我们如何改进这件事？”、“我们如何重新发明那件事？”

然后立刻号召人才，迅速投入行动。

这不是混乱，而是一种全新的、有组织、去中心化的研发模式。

一个大胆问题——“我们能治愈这种疾病吗？”、“我们能否让儿童教育更高效？”、“我们能不能让城市真正可持续？”—— 不再需要靠闭门造车的委员会来思考十年，而是一场全球黑客松，就可能在几天或几周内产生答案。 这将是一个创新不再稀缺、不再由少数人垄断，而是成为一项公共物品的世界。

一场开放的、胜者为王的比赛，不管解决方案来自斯坦福博士，还是拉各斯的自学黑客，只要够好，就能脱颖而出。 如果你觉得这听起来太理想，请看看我们已经走了多远：

黑客松从一个名不见经传的程序员聚会，变成了支撑十亿美元企业和全球关键技术的创新机制。 （别忘了，比特币本身就是黑客文化的产物！）

随着 DoraHacks 的壮大和 BUIDL AI 的腾飞，黑客松正朝着持续化与无处不在的方向稳步推进。 技术已经准备就绪，模式已经跑通，现在的关键是执行与普及。

而趋势已然明朗：

• 越来越多公司拥抱开放创新；
• 越来越多开发者远程工作、参与在线社区；
• AI 正快速成为每个创造过程的副驾驶。

DoraHacks 正站在这场转型的核心。

它拥有先发优势、全球社区、明确愿景。

他们的理念非常清晰：“为黑客运动提供永恒燃料”是他们的口号之一[18]。

在他们眼中，黑客松不仅是活动，更是一场必须永续进行的思维革命。 而 BUIDL AI，正是支撑这场永续革命的引擎。

这预示着一个未来：

DoraHacks + BUIDL AI，将成为全球创新关键基础设施的一部分，就像公共事业一样。

这是一张“创新电网”；一旦接入它，奇迹发生。

Marc Andreessen 常在文章中以“建造更好的未来”为信条，热情洋溢地谈论人类的进步。

如果秉持这一精神，我们可以大胆断言：

Agentic Hackathon 将重塑我们的未来——更快、更好。

它们将加速人类解决最难问题的速度，

动员更广泛的人才库，

以史无前例的节奏不断迭代方案。

它们将赋能每一个人——让地球上任何拥有创造力的人，立即就能获得工具、社群和机会，产生真正的影响，而不是“未来某天”。

这是一种深层次的民主化。

它呼应了早期互联网的精神：不需许可的创新（Permissionless Innovation）。

而 DoraHacks 正在将这一精神引入结构化的创新事件中，并将其延展为一种持久的创新模式。

总结：我们正目睹一场范式的彻底转变：黑客松被重塑，创新被解放。

旧模型的限制已被打破，

新范式的核心是：

高频黑客松、AI增强、结果导向。

DoraHacks 在 2020–2024 年引领了这场变革，

而随着 BUIDL AI 的登场，它即将开启下一个篇章——Agentic Innovation 的时代。

对投资者与有远见的领袖而言，这是一场集结号。

我们常说要“投资基础设施”，

那么现在，就是投资“创新本身的基础设施”。

支持 DoraHacks 和它的使命，

就像支持跨洲铁路或洲际高速的建造者，

只不过这次运载的是创意与突破。

网络效应巨大：每一场新增的黑客松、每一位新增的参与者，

都以复利效应提升整个生态系统的价值。

这是一场正和博弈（Positive-Sum Game），

DoraHacks 将是那个创造并捕捉全球价值的平台与社区。

DoraHacks 重新定义了黑客松：

它将黑客松从偶发行为变成了持续创新的系统方法。

在这个过程中，它敞开了创新之门，

引领我们进入一个全新的时代：

一个创新可以自主驱动、自组织、永不停歇的时代。

我们正站在这个新时代的黎明。

这是一个真正意义上：

拥有开发者，拥有世界的时代[14] 。

DoraHacks 正在确保：

无论你身在何处，只要你是开发者、黑客、梦想家，

你都能为这个世界的未来贡献力量。

前方的远景令人震撼——一个由全球黑客思维构成的智能蜂巢，

不断发明、持续发现，

由 AI 指引航向，

由 DoraHacks 与 BUIDL AI 领航。

这不仅仅是一个平台，

它是一项革命性的基础设施——创新的铁路，创意的高速。

请系好安全带：

DoraHacks 已经启程，

Agentic Innovation 的时代已经到来，

未来正以黑客松的速度，向我们疾驰而来。

这场黑客松，永不停歇。

而这，正是我们构建更美好世界的方式。

参考文献：

[1] Vocoli. (2015). Facebook’s Secret Sauce: The Hackathon . https://www.vocoli.com/blog/june-2015/facebook-s-secret-sauce-the-hackathon/

[2] Analytics India Magazine. (2023). Borne Out Of Hackathons . https://analyticsindiamag.com/ai-trends/borne-out-of-hackathons/

[3] Wikipedia. (n.d.). Hackathon: Origin and History . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hackathon#Origin_and_history

[4] LinkedIn. (2024). This year marked my third annual participation in Microsoft’s Global… . https://www.linkedin.com/posts/clare-ashforth_this-year-marked-my-third-annual-participation-activity-7247636808119775233-yev-

[5] Glasp. (n.d.). Chris Dixon’s Quotes . https://glasp.co/quotes/chris-dixon

[6] ODaily. (2024). Naija HackAtom Hackathon Recap . https://www.odaily.news/en/post/5203212

[7] Solana. (2021). Meet the winners of the Riptide hackathon - Solana . https://solana.com/news/riptide-hackathon-winners-solana

[8] DoraHacks. (n.d.). BNB Grant DAO - DoraHacks . https://dorahacks.io/bnb

[9] Cointelegraph. (2021). From Hackathon Project to DeFi Powerhouse: AMA with 1inch Network . https://cointelegraph.com/news/from-hackathon-project-to-defi-powerhouse-ama-with-1inch-network

[10] Gemini. (2022). How Does STEPN Work? GST and GMT Token Rewards . https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/stepn-nft-sneakers-gmt-token-gst-crypto-move-to-earn-m2e

[11] CoinDesk. (2022). Inside DoraHacks: The Open Source Bazaar Empowering Web3 Innovations . https://www.coindesk.com/sponsored-content/inside-dorahacks-the-open-source-bazaar-empowering-web3-innovations

[12] LinkedIn. (n.d.). DoraHacks . https://www.linkedin.com/company/dorahacks

[13] Blockworks. (2022). Web3 Hackathon Incubator DoraHacks Nabs $20M From FTX, Liberty City . https://blockworks.co/news/web3-hackathon-incubator-dorahacks-nabs-20m-from-ftx-liberty-city

[14] Followin. (2024). BUIDL AI: The future of Hackathon, a new engine for global open source technology . https://followin.io/en/feed/16892627

[15] Coinbase. (2024). Coinbase Hosts Its First AI Hackathon: Bringing the San Francisco Developer Community Onchain . https://www.coinbase.com/developer-platform/discover/launches/Coinbase-AI-hackathon

[16] Graham, P. (2004). Hackers & Painters . https://ics.uci.edu/~pattis/common/handouts/hackerspainters.pdf

[17] Himalayas. (n.d.). DoraHacks hiring Research Engineer – BUIDL AI . https://himalayas.app/companies/dorahacks/jobs/research-engineer-buidl-ai

[18] X. (n.d.). DoraHacks . https://x.com/dorahacks?lang=en

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Tutorial OpenKeychain

1. Baixar no F-droid https://f-droid.org/app/org.sufficientlysecure.keychain

Ao abrir o OpenKeychain pela primeira vez, você verá uma tela inicial indicando que ainda não há chaves configuradas. Nesse ponto, você terá três opções:

1. Criar uma nova chave PGP diretamente no OpenKeychain: Ideal para quem está começando e precisa de uma solução simples para criptografia em comunicações diárias.

2. Usar um token de segurança (como Fidesmo, Yubikey, NEO, ou Sigilance) Se você busca uma segurança ainda maior, pode optar por armazenar sua chave privada em um token de segurança. Com essa configuração, a chave privada nunca é salva no dispositivo móvel. O celular atua apenas como uma interface de comunicação, enquanto a chave permanece protegida no token, fora do alcance de possíveis invasores remotos. Isso garante que somente quem possui o token fisicamente possa usar a chave, elevando significativamente o nível de segurança e controle sobre seus dados.

3. Importar uma chave PGP existente: Você pode importar uma chave PGP que já tenha sido gerada anteriormente, seja por meio de um arquivo no dispositivo ou por outro meio ler na área de transferência. https://image.nostr.build/51fdd924df4843ab73faa02a505c8fb17794f1789396ed89b154348ebb337f07.jpg

1. CRIANDO UMA NOVA CHAVE PGP.

Para iniciantes, recomendamos criar uma nova chave diretamente no aplicativo. abordaremos o uso do OpenKeychain em modo online, que é mais comum para comunicações diárias.

Passo 1: Clique em “Criar minha chave”. https://image.nostr.build/235f5cfdf4c3006ca3b00342741003f79a5055355c2a8ee425fc33c875f51e49.jpg

Passo 2: Criando sua chave PGP.

Para criar sua chave, você precisará fornecer algumas informações Os campos 'Nome' e 'Endereço de e-mail' são apenas formas convenientes para identificar a sua chave PGP.

• Nome: Escolha um nome ou um pseudônimo. https://image.nostr.build/de3fe3ddbde0c7bf084be6e4b8150fdb8612365550622559b0ee72f50f56a159.jpg

• E-mail: Associe um endereço de e-mail à chave, seja ele pessoal ou um e-mail relacionado ao pseudônimo. https://image.nostr.build/aff62baaeafe2c9a429ef10435a6f99dea36d6cfd7494e2bb882421dc8ed0f4e.jpg

2. REVISANDO E PERSONALIZANDO A CRIAÇÃO DA CHAVE.

Passo 3: Antes de criar sua chave PGP, verifique se os dados inseridos estão corretos. https://image.nostr.build/a8ec09ef3d9b4f557b0c4e380e7ca45d0fdbfa33fe80becea03ed0e5f5eedd24.jpg

Você também pode personalizar as configurações de segurança clicando nos três pontos no canto superior direito. https://image.nostr.build/1ce615555cea9a979ea951472052a219e77f4e1ebaaf5fcbbe9e91ea4f852bce.jpg

Ao cliclar em ' nova subchave ' pode alterar a data de expiração e pode mudar a criptografia usado na chave cliclando opção ed2255/cv255. https://image.nostr.build/b3224ff3dbe48ff78c4a2df8b001926b6d3eef1e33ef677a73b0d281791073da.jpg https://image.nostr.build/7763c7847e062cdcf71aafedbc2ef4c38056fd66aeb162ef3a1c30c028a14376.jpg https://image.nostr.build/5d3e20ade460dd5e89cc001ebdc062a36aff2c0e1573584ca3c0d1cb34bddcce.jpg

Neste tutorial, utilizaremos as configurações padrão do aplicativo.

Passo 4: Clique em "Criar chave" para concluir o processo. https://image.nostr.build/a8ec09ef3d9b4f557b0c4e380e7ca45d0fdbfa33fe80becea03ed0e5f5eedd24.jpg

3. Como Compartilhar sua Chave PGP Pública

Após criar sua chave PGP, você pode compartilhá-la para que outras pessoas possam enviar mensagens criptografadas para você. Veja o passo a passo de como exibir e compartilhar sua chave pública:

Passo 1: Acesse sua chave pública

Abra o OpenKeychain e selecione a chave que deseja compartilhar. Clique na chave para visualizar os detalhes. https://image.nostr.build/689c5237075317e89e183d2664630de973b09b68aaf8f3e3033654e987b781be.jpg https://image.nostr.build/4001610109579f27535628932258087b3b06c1f86b05f4f85537b6585c12a10b.jpg

Passo 2: Copiar sua chave pública

Nos detalhes da chave, você verá a opção "Copiar para a Área de Transferência". Clique nessa opção para copiar o código da sua chave pública. https://image.nostr.build/01ab3efa5e997e1910a2f8f7a888e6ad60350574cca4ca0214eee5581797f704.jpg

A chave PGP copiada terá o seguinte formato:

-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

mDMEZwsLHRYJKwYBBAHaRw8BAQdA6NRLlJIWnTBJtYwZHlrMbTKRbYuXmjsMn8MB 7etV3HK0JERhbmllbCBGcmFnYSAgPGRhbmllbGZyYWdhQG1haWwuaTJwPohyBBMW CAAaBAsJCAcCFQgCFgECGQEFgmcLCx0CngECmwMACgkQFZf+kMeJWpR4cwEA8Jt1 TZ/+YlHg3EYphW8KsZOboHLi+L88whrWbka+0s8A/iuaNFAK/oQAlM2YI2e0rAjA VuUCo66mERQNLl2/qN0LuDgEZwsLHRIKKwYBBAGXVQEFAQEHQEj/ZfJolkCjldXP 0KQimE/3PfO9BdJeRtzZA+SsJDh+AwEIB4hhBBgWCAAJBYJnCwsdApsMAAoJEBWX /pDHiVqUo/oA/266xy7kIZvd0PF1QU9mv1m2oOdo7QSoqvgFiq6AmelbAP9lExY5 edctTa/zl87lCddYsZZhxG9g2Cg7xX/XsfrnAA== =TniY -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

Dica: Se ocorrer algum erro ao compartilhar sua chave pública com um amigo, peça para que ele a criptografe para ele mesmo. Isso permitirá que ele adicione a chave corretamente. Caso a chave pública ainda não esteja no dispositivo, ao clicar em "Backup de chave", aparecerá a opção para importá-la. Se a chave já estiver no dispositivo, essa ação irá recarregá-la. https://image.nostr.build/cd12abf07c93473db95483fe23112325f89d3eb02977e42756708bbd043f8bcf.jpg  https://image.nostr.build/537aeae38d229ee2cc78e18f412237b659c059e1c74fd7f0deecfe37f15713c9.jpg  https://image.nostr.build/16c8a3db5966c7c06904ee236655f47a6464ae0c1b5af6af27b28c61611d2bbe.jpg

Passo 3: Compartilhar sua chave PGP

Você pode colar a chave pública em e-mails, assinaturas, perfis de redes sociais ou outros meios para compartilhá-la facilmente. Para facilitar a visualização, você também pode exibi-la em seu perfil de redes sociais.

Para acessar mais opções de compartilhamento, clique nos três pontos no canto superior direito e selecione a opção "Avançado". https://image.nostr.build/0d4a13b7bd9a4794017247d1a56fac082db0f993a2011a4dd40e388b22ec88f5.jpg https://image.nostr.build/4ac2a7bc9fa726531a945221cf7d10e0e387deba68100ccf52fdedfcd17cbd59.jpg

Na seção "Compartilhar", você verá sua Key ID e terá a opção de publicar sua chave PGP em um servidor de chaves. https://image.nostr.build/1e972cc211a6d8060cdbd4a8aa642dd1a292810c532f178d3ddb133d1b9bca76.jpg

Passo 4: Como compartilhar sua chave pública PGP no formato .asc. no OpenKeychain

1 . Acesse sua chave

Abra o OpenKeychain e toque na chave que você deseja compartilhar. Isso abrirá a tela com os detalhes da chave. https://image.nostr.build/c080f03d2eb7a9f7833fec0ff1942a5b70b97e4f7da7c6bc79ca300ef9ace55d.jpg

2 . Compartilhe o arquivo .asc

Toque no ícone de compartilhamento, como indicado na imagem abaixo. O aplicativo abrirá a janela para que você escolha por qual app deseja compartilhar sua chave pública no formato .asc. Nesse exemplo, usei o SimpleXChat , mas você pode usar qualquer aplicativo de sua preferência.

1. Botão de compartilhar. https://image.nostr.build/8da74bdb04737a45df671a30bba1dd2e7980841fa0c2d751d6649630e7c25470.jpg

2. Seleção do aplicativo para compartilhamento. https://image.nostr.build/5444f4e9d3fa5aef6b191bb6f553f94c6e49d30ead874c9ee435bca3218fd6c8.jpg

3. Enviando via SimpleXChat. https://image.nostr.build/e5d1ca04cbc69e1e8ac5caf1ab2a4b9b695500861c1ae9c55cea679cce349214.jpg

Sugestão para compartilhar nas redes sociais:

Você pode exibir sua chave de forma simples, por exemplo:

PGP: 1597 FE90 C789 5A94

Importar a chave pública usando a fingerprint

Passo 1:Clique no ícone "+" para começar. https://image.nostr.build/ca6e6e569b4be60165eaf60c7ba1e6e3ec781b525e467c72b4f3605837e6b5ec.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione a opção "Buscar Chave". https://image.nostr.build/87e27d9435e6e3ef78063b9f15799a8120ead4637cd06c89c0220b48327573ae.jpg

Passo 3: Digite a fingerprint da chave em letras minúsculas, sem espaços. A chave correspondente aparecerá para ser adicionada. https://image.nostr.build/33e6819edd4582d7a8513e8814dacb07e1a62994bb3238c1b5b3865a46b5f234.jpg

Além disso, você pode compartilhar sua chave pública em formato QR Code, facilitando a troca de chaves em eventos ou conversas rápidas. Como Assinar Mensagens para Confirmar a Autenticidade da Sua Rede Social

Você pode autenticar sua conta em redes sociais utilizando sua chave PGP. Ao assinar uma mensagem com sua chave, você demonstra que realmente possui essa conta. Siga o passo a passo abaixo para assinar uma mensagem:

Passo 1: Clique na sua chave PGP.  https://image.nostr.build/ffacce1bfb293c9a0888cd5efe340a63d96b293f4c010f8626105c7b212d8558.jpg

Passo 2: Clique no ícone indicado pela seta para abrir o campo de texto.  https://image.nostr.build/4e992a2553810e2583b9d190280ce00a52fc423600a75eca48cbf541cf47d3c2.jpg

Passo 3: Deixe a opção "Encriptar para:" vazio. Em "Assinar com:", selecione sua chave PGP e digite a mensagem que deseja enviar, como o nome da sua rede social.  https://image.nostr.build/a4a2a8d233d186e3d8d9adddccc445bcb3ca3ed88de0db671a77cede12323a75.jpg

Passo 4: Clique no ícone indicado pela seta para copiar o texto assinado. Uma mensagem aparecerá informando: "Assinado/Encriptado com Sucesso".  https://image.nostr.build/a076dfc90e30a495af0872005bf70f412df57b7a0e1c2e17cf5aee9e9b3e39aa.jpg

A mensagem copiada terá o seguinte formato:

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA256

Minha rede social NOSTR é Danielfraga oficial. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----

iIQEARYIACwlHERhbmllbCBGcmFnYSAgPGRhbmllbGZyYWdhQG1haWwuaTJwPgUC ZxBBLgAKCRAVl/6Qx4lalGeNAPwP71rpsbhRnZhoWZsTDOFZY8ep/d0e5qYx5iPx HV26dwD/fKyiir1TR8JwZvEbOTYS0+Dn4DFlRAAfR3lKVTC96w4= =37Lj -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

Com isso, você pode facilmente demonstrar a autenticidade da sua conta nas redes sociais.

4. PROTEGENDO SUA CHAVE COM UMA SENHA.

Passo 5: Após a criação da chave, é fundamental definir uma senha (ou passphrase) para adicionar uma camada extra de segurança. Recomendamos usar senhas longas (com mais de 20 caracteres) e de alta entropia para evitar ataques de força bruta. Ferramentas como KeePassDX ou Bitwarden podem ajudá-lo a gerar e gerenciar essas senhas.

Para definir a senha, clique na sua chave PGP, acesse o menu no canto superior direito e selecione "Alterar senha". https://image.nostr.build/689c5237075317e89e183d2664630de973b09b68aaf8f3e3033654e987b781be.jpg https://image.nostr.build/f28ecaa9890a8827f93cac78846c4b2ef67f86ccfc3501fdadf1d1c4874b0041.jpg https://image.nostr.build/919c277fbec63c397402abdd60f915cb239a674c317855cbda63a38edef80789.jpg

Agora basta adicionar uma senha forte. https://image.nostr.build/eb378219fbb1780f89663a474ce43b8d8ebb13beeb538f2a16279b056e5d9645.jpg https://image.nostr.build/cdfa3f9c6c4045841341da789deabb6318107812d5ba195529418572ab352aaf.jpg

5. CRIPTOGRAFAR E DESCRIPTOGRAFAR MENSAGENS E ARQUIVOS COM SUA CHAVE PGP

Criptografar Mensagens

Você pode criptografar mensagens para garantir que apenas o destinatário, que possui sua chave pública, possa lê-las. Siga os passos abaixo para criptografar um texto:

Passo 1: Abra o menu lateral clicando no ícone no canto superior esquerdo.
https://image.nostr.build/13ac93b38dd1633118ae3142401c13e8a089caabdf4617055284cc521a45b069.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione a opção "Encriptar/Descriptar".
https://image.nostr.build/8cd905d616b53968f0551c071d9acc2f47bbe8434c2c7e1a33076a504342de48.jpg

Passo 3: Clique na opção "Encriptar Texto".
https://image.nostr.build/405a730a6c774759d7913f92f59059d43146db4afb28451a6f8833f94e99437f.jpg

Passo 4: Preencha os seguintes campos: https://image.nostr.build/7dc5eba39ff82a321195dbf46b8113818632e3ef41175991d58e799a8e9d2751.jpg

1. Encriptar para: Selecione o destinatário da mensagem, ou seja, a pessoa para quem você está enviando o texto criptografado.
   https://image.nostr.build/1e8c8cba6d3c3136d9857512e2794a81ceb7434eccdfb0f7d26cdef008b2e6d2.jpg

2. Assinar com: Escolha sua chave PGP para assinar a mensagem.
   https://image.nostr.build/d25b228c35b132d396d01c354ef093b43b3565578fbc0d6ff7b9de4e41619855.jpg

3. Digitar o texto: No campo de texto, escreva a mensagem que deseja criptografar.
   https://image.nostr.build/8537271dfa4445e60cb4c3cdb5d97571dc0ff5ee8acd6ed89a8c81e4bd8736c2.jpg

Passo 5: Depois de preencher os campos, você pode copiar o texto criptografado de duas formas:

1. Copiar para a área de transferência: Clique na opção para copiar o texto criptografado e cole-o em um aplicativo de mensagens para enviá-lo.
   https://image.nostr.build/a5cb8e2c538a38db3972e7f3ac9aa9f602cda6b62848ff0c4b99928a67dcd486.jpg

2. Compartilhar diretamente: Utilize a opção de compartilhamento para enviar o texto criptografado diretamente através de seus aplicativos de mensagens.
   https://image.nostr.build/2b79cb564d623788a0de1111a067e0eb496f743389d465d4f4e8f6e65f0d08a7.jpg https://image.nostr.build/ff59e52bc8ab54ff377980a6ba5d1c4743d3298de11e5daa187ab7d45163a7be.jpg

Criptografar arquivos.

Passo 1: Abra o menu lateral clicando no ícone no canto superior esquerdo.
https://image.nostr.build/13ac93b38dd1633118ae3142401c13e8a089caabdf4617055284cc521a45b069.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione a opção "Encriptar/Descriptar".
https://image.nostr.build/8cd905d616b53968f0551c071d9acc2f47bbe8434c2c7e1a33076a504342de48.jpg

Passo 3 : clique na opção "Encriptar arquivos ". https://image.nostr.build/3fcae48ee38e7f4079ebccfd3eafb9ab0ad3559221d2c3560cdfe60e29f56a15.jpg

Passo 4 : os passos a seguir são os mesmo que você seguiu pra encriptar a mensagem texto. Ítens "Encriptar para:" "Assinar com:" https://image.nostr.build/4d6599b9d3a9fdfae0964daaa9dae513d5ce277a7b61930fa2937d534f72ed40.jpg

Passo 5 : clilcar na opção " Adicionair arquivo(s)" Vai abrir na memória interna do celular selecione o arquivo que deseja encriptar. https://image.nostr.build/09e3b9b54a1406426114926aab19011c36b98886ebae6fcf556cfea83bb2c2f4.jpg https://image.nostr.build/af422e243b36762dd66111ec7c848a1352c100ca3040dc21792c923f80aef74d.jpg https://image.nostr.build/ebebbdb273b4bca58d901852aec1c60e4799aa77e9d12a31f992b0cf8f73e753.jpg

Passo 6: Depois de preencher os campos, você pode compartilhar o arquivo criptografado de duas formas:

1. Salvar na memória do celular: A primeira opção salva o arquivo criptografado no armazenamento do seu dispositivo. Você terá a opção de editar o nome do arquivo antes de salvar.
   https://image.nostr.build/0a47c1e9f0003541f47091b2c2e8ce6b8d1533d95463e331b218070bae964ac8.jpg https://image.nostr.build/95a7a2b67356eb5ded5b217bab38a19bdeba5af7befd105834e413e0aec45462.jpg https://image.nostr.build/66cb3d22b271f3b73b7015613c72711a3ffbf5e1070d43153f9d1f3fcf35001c.jpg https://image.nostr.build/f9624d86f7592fe7ffad932b7805762dc279d9e8ff410222108155438a2c970f.jpg

2. Compartilhar diretamente: Utilize a opção de compartilhamento para enviar o arquivo criptografado diretamente por meio dos seus aplicativos de mensagens.
   https://image.nostr.build/85541e466c7755c65bd6ba0208a6d8612beaa5298712b6d92f53865167695a38.jpg https://image.nostr.build/bf1e0f0aeb60cafbdf82af4b3b598288519e85b396bd3f9e00e61f65b89ea9f8.jpg https://image.nostr.build/fb090339898f37cdbb020828689b142ca601ca3ee549f67ddf6b2e094df9ab9f.jpg https://image.nostr.build/50c249ced06efe465ba533fef15207b0dcd1a725e9b2c139e8d85c13fd798276.jpg

Descriptografar Mensagens e Arquivos

Para ler uma mensagem ou arquivo criptografado que você recebeu, utilize sua chave privada. Siga os passos abaixo:

Descriptografar Mensagens

Passo 1: Copie a mensagem criptografada que você recebeu.
https://image.nostr.build/c37754b12a458e0176b9137ae0aa9e8209f853bf9d9292c0867fd8b0606d53c4.jpg

Passo 2: Clique na opção "Ler da área de transferência" para descriptografar o texto.
https://image.nostr.build/d83c7dad2ee1cb6267779863bc174ee1a8f3cc3c86b69063345321027bdde7b5.jpg https://image.nostr.build/c0fae86e6ab1fe9dcee86753972c818bed489ea11efdd09b7e7da7422a9c81eb.jpg

Descriptografar Arquivos

Passo 1: Clique na opção "Selecionar arquivo de entrada".
https://image.nostr.build/9c276c630311d19a576f2e35b5ba82bac07360476edae3f1a8697ff85df9e3c9.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione o arquivo criptografado que deseja descriptografar.
https://image.nostr.build/6b6c2a3284ba96e7168fc7bd0916020c4f1bed7b77dfca48227fc96d6929e15a.jpg https://image.nostr.build/9945aad644af2e2020e07e55f65f11a0958d55e8fc9e13c862e6b9ca88b4f4d9.jpg

6. BACKUP E RESTAURAÇÃO DE CHAVE PGP.

Realizar o backup das suas chaves PGP é fundamental para evitar a perda de acesso às suas mensagens e dados criptografados. O OpenKeychain facilita esse processo, permitindo que você faça um backup completo e seguro. Recomendamos que você armazene o backup em um local seguro, como um HD externo ou pendrive conectado via cabo OTG, sempre protegendo-o com senha.

PASSOS PARA REALIZAR O BACKUP:

Passo 1: Abra o menu lateral clicando no ícone no canto superior esquerdo.
https://image.nostr.build/13ac93b38dd1633118ae3142401c13e8a089caabdf4617055284cc521a45b069.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione a opção Backup/restaurar.
https://image.nostr.build/6fa8fd14e23b47c6c924bc0d900646663f2124a93d8172ae79fdf43b5c7d4490.jpg

Passo 3: Escolha a primeira opção: Backup completo (criptografado).
https://image.nostr.build/4875fb27b6d04c3cb838b4fb9f308ef9194edc35ba1254ba965b7f0db2544170.jpg

Passo 4: O backup será protegido por um código de backup gerado automaticamente. Anote esse código em um papel e guarde local seguro, pois sem ele você não conseguirá recuperar suas chaves PGP. Após anotar o código, marque a opção “Anotei o código” e clique em Salvar Backup. Obs: todas as vezes que você for fazer o backup da sua chave PGP vai ser criado um novo código aleatório.

https://image.nostr.build/72a317ef5e59a01c03c36f1d04a91d42c418a478cc82e372acf21bb8302daa00.jpg

Passo 5: Escolha o local onde deseja salvar o backup (HD externo, pendrive, etc.), confirme sua escolha e clique em OK. Você verá uma mensagem de confirmação indicando que o backup foi salvo com sucesso.

https://image.nostr.build/d757e8bdf429371320daa44be8a48a0dbeb2324129f4254327f0f0383e70ede4.jpg https://image.nostr.build/f3ad80ceb8a191b4d1b40722b1d0d4f85bf183d412e7d7d901b25d19b2dfe0e3.jpg

Importação da Chave PGP

Caso você precise restaurar suas chaves PGP a partir de um backup, o OpenKeychain também facilita o processo de importação. Siga os passos abaixo para restaurar sua chave PGP:

Passo 1: Selecione a opção "Selecionar arquivo de entrada"

Abra o OpenKeychain, acesse o menu lateral no canto superior esquerdo e escolha a opção "Selecionar arquivo de entrada" para localizar o arquivo de backup que você deseja importar.
https://image.nostr.build/a06ddc1c1e6c50519097e614aa25b14311e49c0ca4d4607e42ebdcca3a6641c4.jpg

Passo 2: Selecione o arquivo de backup
Navegue até o local onde você salvou o arquivo de backup (HD externo, pendrive, etc.) e selecione-o. Em seguida, o OpenKeychain solicitará que você insira o código de recuperação que foi gerado no momento do backup. https://image.nostr.build/9d5649c04a98ec8b0a29355d9068e48313b1c5dc36cd965961f4d33f22d10046.jpg

Passo 3: Digite o código de recuperação
Insira o código de recuperação que você anotou anteriormente. É importante digitar o código corretamente para garantir o sucesso da restauração.

Passo 4: Depois de inserir o código corretamente, o OpenKeychain irá restaurar suas chaves PGP, e uma mensagem de confirmação será exibida, indicando que a recuperação foi concluída com sucesso.

Agora suas chaves estão restauradas e você pode continuar usando o OpenKeychain para gerenciar suas comunicações criptografadas de maneira segura.

https://www.openkeychain.org/

https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain

https://youtu.be/fptlAx_j4OA

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

Das Kriegsgrauen kriecht unter die Haut. Bilder von verstümmelten Beinen und Armen, von Kriegstraumatisierten schweigenden Männern, von Kriegsgräbern steigen auf. Als Mutter, Schwester, Tante, Großmutter wachsen die Ängste, dass sich ein Verwandter von der politischen und medialen Kriegslust anstecken lässt und tatsächlich die Beteiligung an den näher kommenden kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen in Erwägung zieht. Einen wütenden Kommentar anlässlich der wachsenden Kriegstreiberei verfasste unser Autor Nicolas Riedl.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/sofa-soldaten-an-die-front-von-nicolas-riedl?

Bild: KI

@ 088436cd:9d2646cc

The arrival of the coronavirus brought not only illness and death but also fear and panic. In such an environment of uncertainty, people have naturally stocked up on necessities, not knowing when things will return to normal.

Retail shelves have been cleared out, and even online suppliers like Amazon and Walmart are out of stock for some items. Independent sellers on these e-commerce platforms have had to fill the gap. With the huge increase in demand, they have found that their inventory has skyrocketed in value.

Many in need of these items (e.g. toilet paper, hand sanitizer and masks) balk at the new prices. They feel they are being taken advantage of in a time of need and call for intervention by the government to lower prices. The government has heeded that call, labeling the independent sellers as "price gougers" and threatening sanctions if they don't lower their prices. Amazon has suspended seller accounts and law enforcement at all levels have threatened to prosecute. Prices have dropped as a result and at first glance this seems like a victory for fair play. But, we will have to dig deeper to understand the unseen consequences of this intervention.

We must look at the economics of the situation, how supply and demand result in a price and how that price acts as a signal that goes out to everyone, informing them of underlying conditions in the economy and helping coordinate their actions.

It all started with a rise in demand. Given a fixed supply (e.g., the limited stock on shelves and in warehouses), an increase in demand inevitably leads to higher prices. Most people are familiar with this phenomenon, such as paying more for airline tickets during holidays or surge pricing for rides.

Higher prices discourage less critical uses of scarce resources. For example, you might not pay $1,000 for a plane ticket to visit your aunt if you can get one for $100 the following week, but someone else might pay that price to visit a dying relative. They value that plane seat more than you.

*** During the crisis, demand surged and their shelves emptied even though

However, retail outlets have not raised prices. They have kept them low, so the low-value uses of things like toilet paper, masks and hand sanitizer has continued. Often, this "use" just takes the form of hoarding. At everyday low prices, it makes sense to buy hundreds of rolls and bottles. You know you will use them eventually, so why not stock up? And, with all those extra supplies in the closet and basement, you don't need to change your behavior much. You don't have to ration your use.

At the low prices, these scarce resources got bought up faster and faster until there was simply none left. The reality of the situation became painfully clear to those who didn't panic and got to the store late: You have no toilet paper and you're not going to any time soon.

However, if prices had been allowed to rise, a number of effects would have taken place that would have coordinated the behavior of everyone so that valuable resources would not have been wasted or hoarded, and everyone could have had access to what they needed.

On the demand side, if prices had been allowed to rise, people would have begun to self-ration. You might leave those extra plies on the roll next time if you know they will cost ten times as much to replace. Or, you might choose to clean up a spill with a rag rather than disposable tissue. Most importantly, you won't hoard as much. That 50th bottle of hand sanitizer might just not be worth it at the new, high price. You'll leave it on the shelf for someone else who may have none.

On the supply side, higher prices would have incentivized people to offer up more of their stockpiles for sale. If you have a pallet full of toilet paper in your basement and all of the sudden they are worth $15 per roll, you might just list a few online. But, if it is illegal to do so, you probably won't.

Imagine you run a business installing insulation and have a few thousand respirator masks on hand for your employees. During a pandemic, it is much more important that people breathe filtered air than that insulation get installed, and that fact is reflected in higher prices. You will sell your extra masks at the higher price rather than store them for future insulation jobs, and the scarce resource will be put to its most important use.

Producers of hand sanitizer would go into overdrive if prices were allowed to rise. They would pay their employees overtime, hire new ones, and pay a premium for their supplies, making sure their raw materials don't go to less important uses.

These kinds of coordinated actions all across the economy would be impossible without real prices to guide them. How do you know if it makes sense to spend an extra $10k bringing a thousand masks to market unless you know you can get more than $10 per mask? If the price is kept artificially low, you simply can't do it. The money just isn't there.

These are the immediate effects of a price change, but incredibly, price changes also coordinate people's actions across space and time.

Across space, there are different supply and demand conditions in different places, and thus prices are not uniform. We know some places are real "hot spots" for the virus, while others are mostly unaffected. High demand in the hot spots leads to higher prices there, which attracts more of the resource to those areas. Boxes and boxes of essential items would pour in where they are needed most from where they are needed least, but only if prices were allowed to adjust freely.

This would be accomplished by individuals and businesses buying low in the unaffected areas, selling high in the hot spots and subtracting their labor and transportation costs from the difference. Producers of new supply would know exactly where it is most needed and ship to the high-demand, high-price areas first. The effect of these actions is to increase prices in the low demand areas and reduce them in the high demand areas. People in the low demand areas will start to self-ration more, reflecting the reality of their neighbors, and people in the hotspots will get some relief.

However, by artificially suppressing prices in the hot spot, people there will simply buy up the available supply and run out, and it will be cost prohibitive to bring in new supply from low-demand areas.

Prices coordinate economic actions across time as well. Just as entrepreneurs and businesses can profit by transporting scarce necessities from low-demand to high-demand areas, they can also profit by buying in low-demand times and storing their merchandise for when it is needed most.

Just as allowing prices to freely adjust in one area relative to another will send all the right signals for the optimal use of a scarce resource, allowing prices to freely adjust over time will do the same.

When an entrepreneur buys up resources during low-demand times in anticipation of a crisis, she restricts supply ahead of the crisis, which leads to a price increase. She effectively bids up the price. The change in price affects consumers and producers in all the ways mentioned above. Consumers self-ration more, and producers bring more of the resource to market.

Our entrepreneur has done a truly incredible thing. She has predicted the future, and by so doing has caused every individual in the economy to prepare for a shortage they don't even know is coming! And, by discouraging consumption and encouraging production ahead of time, she blunts the impact the crisis will have. There will be more of the resource to go around when it is needed most.

On top of this, our entrepreneur still has her stockpile she saved back when everyone else was blithely using it up. She can now further mitigate the damage of the crisis by selling her stock during the worst of it, when people are most desperate for relief. She will know when this is because the price will tell her, but only if it is allowed to adjust freely. When the price is at its highest is when people need the resource the most, and those willing to pay will not waste it or hoard it. They will put it to its highest valued use.

The economy is like a big bus we are all riding in, going down a road with many twists and turns. Just as it is difficult to see into the future, it is difficult to see out the bus windows at the road ahead.

On the dashboard, we don't have a speedometer or fuel gauge. Instead we have all the prices for everything in the economy. Prices are what tell us the condition of the bus and the road. They tell us everything. Without them, we are blind.

Good times are a smooth road. Consumer prices and interest rates are low, investment returns are steady. We hit the gas and go fast. But, the road is not always straight and smooth. Sometimes there are sharp turns and rough patches. Successful entrepreneurs are the ones who can see what is coming better than everyone else. They are our navigators.

When they buy up scarce resources ahead of a crisis, they are hitting the brakes and slowing us down. When they divert resources from one area to another, they are steering us onto a smoother path. By their actions in the market, they adjust the prices on our dashboard to reflect the conditions of the road ahead, so we can prepare for, navigate and get through the inevitable difficulties we will face.

Interfering with the dashboard by imposing price floors or price caps doesn't change the conditions of the road (the number of toilet paper rolls in existence hasn't changed). All it does is distort our perception of those conditions. We think the road is still smooth--our heavy foot stomping the gas--as we crash onto a rocky dirt road at 80 miles per hour (empty shelves at the store for weeks on end).

Supply, demand and prices are laws of nature. All of this is just how things work. It isn't right or wrong in a moral sense. Price caps lead to waste, shortages and hoarding as surely as water flows downhill. The opposite--allowing prices to adjust freely--leads to conservation of scarce resources and their being put to their highest valued use. And yes, it leads to profits for the entrepreneurs who were able to correctly predict future conditions, and losses for those who weren't.

Is it fair that they should collect these profits? On the one hand, anyone could have stocked up on toilet paper, hand sanitizer and face masks at any time before the crisis, so we all had a fair chance to get the supplies cheaply. On the other hand, it just feels wrong that some should profit so much at a time when there is so much need.

Our instinct in the moment is to see the entrepreneur as a villain, greedy "price gouger". But we don't see the long chain of economic consequences the led to the situation we feel is unfair.

If it weren't for anti-price-gouging laws, the major retailers would have raised their prices long before the crisis became acute. When they saw demand outstrip supply, they would have raised prices, not by 100 fold, but gradually and long before anyone knew how serious things would have become. Late comers would have had to pay more, but at least there would be something left on the shelf.

As an entrepreneur, why take risks trying to anticipate the future if you can't reap the reward when you are right? Instead of letting instead of letting entrepreneurs--our navigators--guide us, we are punishing and vilifying them, trying to force prices to reflect a reality that simply doesn't exist.

In a crisis, more than any other time, prices must be allowed to fluctuate. To do otherwise is to blind ourselves at a time when danger and uncertainty abound. It is economic suicide.

In a crisis, there is great need, and the way to meet that need is not by pretending it's not there, by forcing prices to reflect a world where there isn't need. They way to meet the need is the same it has always been, through charity.

If the people in government want to help, the best way for the to do so is to be charitable and reduce their taxes and fees as much as possible, ideally to zero in a time of crisis. Amazon, for example, could instantly reduce the price of all crisis related necessities by 20% if they waived their fee. This would allow for more uses by more people of these scarce supplies as hoarders release their stockpiles on to the market, knowing they can get 20% more for their stock. Governments could reduce or eliminate their tax burden on high-demand, crisis-related items and all the factors that go into their production, with the same effect: a reduction in prices and expansion of supply. All of us, including the successful entrepreneurs and the wealthy for whom high prices are not a great burden, could donate to relief efforts.

These ideas are not new or untested. This is core micro economics. It has been taught for hundreds of years in universities the world over. The fact that every crisis that comes along stirs up ire against entrepreneurs indicates not that the economics is wrong, but that we have a strong visceral reaction against what we perceive to be unfairness. This is as it should be. Unfairness is wrong and the anger it stirs in us should compel us to right the wrong. Our anger itself isn't wrong, it's just misplaced.

Entrepreneurs didn't cause the prices to rise. Our reaction to a virus did that. We saw a serious threat and an uncertain future and followed our natural impulse to hoard. Because prices at major retail suppliers didn't rise, that impulse ran rampant and we cleared the shelves until there was nothing left. We ran the bus right off the road and them blamed the entrepreneurs for showing us the reality of our situation, for shaking us out of the fantasy of low prices.

All of this is not to say that entrepreneurs are high-minded public servants. They are just doing their job. Staking your money on an uncertain future is a risky business. There are big risks and big rewards. Most entrepreneurs just scrape by or lose their capital in failed ventures.

However, the ones that get it right must be allowed to keep their profits, or else no one will try and we'll all be driving blind. We need our navigators. It doesn't even matter if they know all the positive effects they are having on the rest of us and the economy as a whole. So long as they are buying low and selling high--so long as they are doing their job--they will be guiding the rest of us through the good times and the bad, down the open road and through the rough spots.

@ 99e7936f:d5d2197c

Frieden braucht die Kapitulation, keine Gebrauchsanweisung

Wenn Dir ständig jemand erklärt, wie Du etwas zu machen hast, dann machst Du irgendwann gar nichts mehr, sondern wartest nur noch auf die nächste Aufforderung, dies oder jenes zu tun.

Manchmal ist das gut so, aber meist ist diese abwartende Haltung eine Vorlage für andere Menschen, die nichts Gutes im Schilde führen. Sie nutzen dieses entgegengebrachte Vertrauen aus und geben Anweisungen, die nur ihnen selbst dienen und sonst keinem. Das Phänomen ist hinreichend bekannt.

Ich habe lange gebraucht, um zu verstehen, warum Menschen auf Aufforderungen von anderen warten. Das ist offensichtlich früh gelerntes Verhalten, wie so vieles im Leben. In meiner Kindheit habe ich auch viele dysfunktionale Verhaltensweisen gelernt, aber exakt diese nicht, da ich kaum Aufforderungen erhielt. Ich hätte gerne welche erhalten. Meine Eltern waren aber meist mit sich selbst und den Anforderungen des Alltags beschäftigt.

Mein Vater war 11 Jahre und meine Mutter war 8 Jahre alt als der zweite Weltkrieg endete. Zwanzig Jahre später kreuzten sich ihre Wege, sie heirateten und bekamen drei Kinder. Sie kümmerten sich um alle praktischen Aufgaben, sorgten für Sicherheit, ein schönes Zuhause und materiellen Wohlstand. Ich muss schlucken beim Schreiben dieses Satzes.

Mit 11 Jahren fing ich an, Tagebuch zu schreiben, weil ich so vieles nicht verstand. Trauma wird weiter gegeben, wenn es nicht aufgelöst wird. Ich hätte, wie gesagt, gerne mal klare Aufforderungen und Anweisungen gehabt. Ich suchte in der Schule und in meinen Ausbildungen nach Antworten, fand sie aber nicht. 1990 war ich 20 Jahre alt und startete nicht gut vorbereitet ins Erwachsenenleben. Wenn ich heute auf die letzten 35 Jahre zurück blicke, dann verstehe ich so viel, dass mir schwindelig wird. Heute mag ich mich und bereite mich daher nur noch selten auf etwas vor. Diese Erkenntnis ist aber nicht über Nacht gekommen. Das hätte ich wohl kaum überlebt. Die hierzu notwendigen Krisen in meinem Leben kamen in regelmäßigen Abständen und waren wohldosiert. Mit Krisen kenne ich mich aus. Krisen folgen immer demselben Muster, egal ob persönliche oder globale.

Wer bin ich, und warum schreibe ich hier einen Artikel über Frieden?

Ich bin eine Psychologin, die sich für ihr Leben gern mit Trauma beschäftigt. Das ist, nebenbei bemerkt, eines der positivsten Themen, die es gibt. Aber dazu erzähle ich ein anderes Mal. Ich bin das Kind meiner Eltern, Spätentwicklerin und die Eiskönigin nach der Verwandlung. Menschen, die meine Geschichte  nicht  kennen, halten mich für stark, obwohl ich auch nicht stärker bin als andere. Bewältigtes Trauma macht einen stark. Seitdem ich vor ein paar Jahren meinen persönlichen Knoten gelöst habe, folge ich nur noch meinem Herzen, was unglaublich polarisiert. Ich kann jetzt nicht mehr anders. Früher habe ich mein Herz zwar auch schon deutlich gehört, aber überholte Glaubenssätze hatten oft das letzte Wort und bestimmten mein Handeln. Das war dann nicht selten der innerliche Spagat, um es vor allem anderen recht zu machen. Die leere Batterie, die ich mehrmals kennen lernen durfte, hat mich dann gelehrt, es anders zu machen. Heute achte ich auf meine sehr feine Wahrnehmung und auf meine Bedürfnisse. Das kommt aber meistens auch anderen zugute.

Wer gelernt hat, sich selbst so anzunehmen wie er ist, was gleichzusetzen ist mit Schmerz, der möchte anderen keinen Schmerz zufügen. Eigentlich könnte ich an dieser Stelle den Artikel schon beenden.

Selbstliebe und Schmerz sind unzertrennliche Freunde. Aber dazu erzähle ich auch ein anderes Mal.

Heute möchte ich etwas dazu sagen, warum ich für den Frieden keine Gebrauchsanweisung brauche, sondern die Kapitulation.

Ich bin dem Krieg * in*  mir begegnet. Dieser Krieg hat in meinem Außen über lange Zeit für Unruhe gesorgt, und er hat meine Batterie im Innern dadurch öfters leer gezogen. Er war immer berechtigt, begründet und gerechtfertigt, aber dennoch nicht gut für mich oder andere. Im größten Schmerz, den ich je empfunden habe, kam dann 2018/19 endlich der Frieden in mein persönliches Leben. Ich musste dafür nichts tun. Ausrufungszeichen. Den Frieden bekam ich quasi geschenkt, weil ich aufgehört hatte zu kämpfen, weil ich mich dem Schmerz hingegeben hatte, weil ich es akzeptiert hatte, am Boden zu liegen.

Alle wollen Frieden, aber niemand will am Boden liegen.

Kann ich gut verstehen, aber meine Erfahrung ist genau diese, dass Du gefühlt am Boden liegen musst. Frieden kann man „machen“ durch bewusstes Unterlassen von verbalem Zurückschlagen und von Ablenkungs- oder Vermeidungsverhalten, um den eigenen Schmerz nicht spüren zu müssen. Nach diesem Verzicht kann man dann Wut und Schmerz deutlicher oder sogar hervorragend spüren, und dann kommt das Geschenk. Der Frieden durchflutet Dich in einem Moment, in dem Du es nicht erwartest. Frieden kommt, wenn die Situation gefährlich und existenziell bedrohlich wird. Der ganze Körper entspannt in einem einzigen Moment. Das ist wie eine Erlösung. Man sagt nicht umsonst, dass es schön sei, wenn der Schmerz aufhöre. Das stimmt wirklich. Da passiert auch auf biologischer Ebene ganz viel. Körpereigene Stoffe, die schmerzfrei und unglaublich leicht fühlen lassen, werden in Hülle und Fülle ausgeschüttet. Die Evolution hat an alles gedacht. Sie lässt Dich nicht im Stich, wenn es dicke kommt. Frieden ist ein unbeschreiblicher Zustand. Wenn Du den einmal gespürt hast, dann ist der Weg frei, und dann brauchst Du keine Gebrauchsanweisung mehr. Dieser Moment verändert Dich für immer. Du hast eine Erfahrung gemacht, die Dir keiner mehr nehmen kann. Ich habe diese Erfahrung damals alleine gemacht, weil ich niemanden hatte, dem ich mich anvertrauen wollte. Das war ganz unspektakulär im Wohnzimmer. Aber diese Erfahrung, für die es tausende von Bezeichnungen gibt, verändert Dein Leben von Grund auf. Schön ist, wenn man jemanden an seiner Seite hat, der einfach nur zuhört und ab und zu einfach mal was Nettes sagt. Und genau das ist so schwer, so jemanden zu finden, der gerne bei einem sein möchte, wenn man gerade gefühlt stirbt. Die meisten Menschen laufen dann weg oder sagen: „Jetzt reiß Dich mal zusammen.“

Frieden ist nichts für schwache Nerven.

Wenn Du Frieden einmal selbst am eigenen Körper erlebt hast, dann gehst Du anders in Auseinandersetzungen (und globale Krisen) hinein, weil Du diesen Mechanismus kennen gelernt hast, weil Du weißt, dass Du geschützt bist. Das Leben liebt Dich und arbeitet für Dich. Immer. Mit diesem Wissen ausgestattet, kannst Du leichter ruhig bleiben, wenn es nicht so gut läuft, wenn es brenzlig wird, auch wenn große Dinge in der Welt schief laufen. Der Schmerz ist nicht mehr Dein Feind, den es unbedingt zu vermeiden gilt. Jetzt wird es kurios. Ich mag sicherlich keinen Schmerz, aber ich laufe vor „dem Schmerz“ nicht mehr davon. Oft empfinden wir Schmerz schon, wenn jemand unsere Glaubenssätze triggert. Ich schau mir den Schmerz an, fühle rein und höre zu, was er mir sagen will. Und in den meisten Fällen ist es gar nicht MEIN Schmerz. Jemand greift mich an, weil er selber Ängste hat, sich getriggert fühlt oder sonst etwas hat oder nicht hat. Ich bin irritiert und vielleicht auch wütend, weil es weh tut, aber genau dann kommt dieses erfahrene Wissen zum Einsatz und legt die rettende Pause in mein Denken und Handeln ein. Ich reagiere nicht mit einem Schlagabtausch, und freu mich umgehend unglaublich über mich selbst. Und dann laufen die Dinge für mich. Ich brauche nur Geduld. Der andere hat jetzt etwas zum Nachdenken. Wenn man nicht zurück schlägt, dann hat der andere etwas zum Nachdenken. Das ist jetzt die Kurzfassung der Geschichte. Jedenfalls aktiviert dieses Unterlassen von Schlagabtausch auch in den schwierigsten Zeitgenossen etwas Gutes. Versprochen. Und dieses Gute fängt dann an zu arbeiten, für mich, für uns alle und vor allem für den Frieden.

Das Ganze ist eine komplexe Erfahrung, die ich erst persönlich gemacht habe, dann aber auch bei anderen beobachten und raushören konnte. Über das Phänomen wird viel geredet. Aber zentral wichtig ist mir zu sagen, dass der Frieden kommt, wenn Du aufgibst, nicht mehr kämpfst, auf einen Schlagabtausch verzichtest. Das gilt für Deine Freundschaften, für Deine Partnerschaft, für Deine Familie und für das Land, in dem Du lebst. Frieden entsteht im Streit, im Krieg. Frieden entsteht, wenn die Situation einen unglaublich verletzt, wütend und fassungslos macht. Die Evolution braucht Dich an Deinem persönlichen Siedepunkt, Schmelzpunkt. Nenn es, wie Du willst. Im Schmerz öffnet sich ein Zugang zu einem anderen Bewusstsein. Du wirst weit auf allen Ebenen. Alles, was Du auf Deinem Weg mal verloren hast, kommt zu Dir zurück. Der Schmerz repariert erst Dich und dann alle anderen, mit denen Du zu tun hast. Menschen, die diese Erfahrung am eigenen Körper gemacht haben, schauen anders auf und in diese Welt, weil sie diese andere Welt, dieses weite Bewusstsein, kennen gelernt haben. Es gibt viele Wege zu diesem weiten Bewusstsein und, nebenbei bemerkt, auch viel Zensur zum Thema in der wissenschaftlichen Welt, aber auch im Mainstream. Ich persönlich habe das Phänomen am eigenen Körper kennen gelernt, bevor ich einen Namen dafür hatte. Aber der wichtige Punkt ist, wenn mich jemand fragen würde, was man mitten im Krieg tun kann, dann würde ich sagen: „Lass den Schmerz zu.“

Soll das etwa heißen, dass der ganze  Widerstand aktuell für die Katze ist? Nein, natürlich nicht.

Über Missstände berichten? Ja. Schuldige benennen? Ja. Rechtsstaatliche Maßnahmen? Ja.

Aber lass Deinen Schmerz zu. Spür nach, was genau Dich so wütend macht. Frag Dich konkret, warum Dich das Verhalten von XY so trifft. Warum kann Dich jemand, den Du gar nicht persönlich kennst, so fassungslos machen? Und dann kommen wir alle unweigerlich zu uns selbst. Was ist mir so unglaublich wichtig? Und warum? Und was hat das mit meinen Wunden zu tun?

Mich kann man heute auch immer noch triggern, weil ich ein Mensch aus Fleisch und Blut bin. Aber ich setze mich jedes Mal wieder hin und schaue es mir an, was da noch weh tut in mir. Und dann bin ich bei mir. Und dann geht’s um mich. Und dann gebe ich mir alles Gute, Nährende, Pflegende und Aufmunternde. Das tut mir gut und bringt mich weiter. Und mit dieser Haltung kann ich dann wieder auf Menschen zugehen, denen ich nicht aus dem Weg gehen kann. Und Menschen, die dieser Gesellschaft aktiv Schaden zufügen, kann ich nicht aus dem Weg gehen. Sie sägen an meinem Baum. Sie sägen, aber ich stell mich immer wieder daneben. Ich rede mit ihnen wie mit einem normalen Menschen. Ausrufungszeichen. Ich adressiere das im anderen, was ich wachsen sehen möchte. Ich brauche Pausen, aber ich bleibe ruhig, denn nur so arbeitet das Gute im anderen für mich, für uns alle, für den Frieden. Das Gute im anderen ist in 99,9 % der Fälle da und erreichbar, ist zumindest meine Erfahrung.

Die Erfahrung von Frieden kann mir keiner mehr nehmen.

Und eine Gebrauchsanweisung für den Frieden brauche ich auch nicht mehr.

Kapitulation bringt Frieden.

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Please respect Virginia Giuffre’s memory by refraining from asking about the circumstances or theories surrounding her passing.

Since Virginia Giuffre’s death, I’ve reflected on what she would want me to say or do. This piece is my attempt to honor her legacy.

When I first spoke with Virginia, I was struck by her unshakable hope. I had grown cynical after years in the anti-human trafficking movement, worn down by a broken system and a government that often seemed complicit. But Virginia’s passion, creativity, and belief that survivors could be heard reignited something in me. She reminded me of my younger, more hopeful self. Instead of warning her about the challenges ahead, I let her dream big, unburdened by my own disillusionment. That conversation changed me for the better, and following her lead led to meaningful progress.

Virginia was one of the bravest people I’ve ever known. As a survivor of Epstein, Maxwell, and their co-conspirators, she risked everything to speak out, taking on some of the world’s most powerful figures.

She loved when I said, “Epstein isn’t the only Epstein.” This wasn’t just about one man—it was a call to hold all abusers accountable and to ensure survivors find hope and healing.

The Epstein case often gets reduced to sensational details about the elite, but that misses the bigger picture. Yes, we should be holding all of the co-conspirators accountable, we must listen to the survivors’ stories. Their experiences reveal how predators exploit vulnerabilities, offering lessons to prevent future victims.

You’re not powerless in this fight. Educate yourself about trafficking and abuse—online and offline—and take steps to protect those around you. Supporting survivors starts with small, meaningful actions. Free online resources can guide you in being a safe, supportive presence.

When high-profile accusations arise, resist snap judgments. Instead of dismissing survivors as “crazy,” pause to consider the trauma they may be navigating. Speaking out or coping with abuse is never easy. You don’t have to believe every claim, but you can refrain from attacking accusers online.

Society also fails at providing aftercare for survivors. The government, often part of the problem, won’t solve this. It’s up to us. Prevention is critical, but when abuse occurs, step up for your loved ones and community. Protect the vulnerable. it’s a challenging but a rewarding journey.

If you’re contributing to Nostr, you’re helping build a censorship resistant platform where survivors can share their stories freely, no matter how powerful their abusers are. Their voices can endure here, offering strength and hope to others. This gives me great hope for the future.

Virginia Giuffre’s courage was a gift to the world. It was an honor to know and serve her. She will be deeply missed. My hope is that her story inspires others to take on the powerful.

@ 87f5e1d9:e251d8f4

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# Why Choose Crypt Recver? 🤔

🔑 Expertise You Can Trust

At Crypt Recver, we combine state-of-the-art technology with skilled engineers who have a proven track record in crypto recovery. Whether you’ve forgotten your passwords, lost your private keys, or dealt with damaged hardware wallets, our team is equipped to help.

⚡ Fast Recovery Process

Time is of the essence when it comes to recovering lost funds. Crypt Recver’s systems are optimized for speed, enabling quick recoveries — so you can get back to what matters most: trading and investing.

🎯 High Success Rate

With over a 90% success rate, our recovery team has helped countless clients regain access to their lost assets. We understand the intricacies of cryptocurrency and are dedicated to providing effective solutions.

🛡️ Confidential & Secure

Your privacy is our priority. All recovery sessions at Crypt Recver are encrypted and kept entirely confidential. You can trust us with your information, knowing that we maintain the highest standards of security.

🔧 Advanced Recovery Tools

We use proprietary tools and techniques to handle complex recovery scenarios, from recovering corrupted wallets to restoring coins from invalid addresses. No matter how challenging the situation, we have a plan.

# Our Recovery Services Include: 📈

• Bitcoin Recovery: Have you lost access to your Bitcoin wallet? We can help you recover lost wallets, private keys, and passphrases.
• Transaction Recovery: Mistaken transfers, lost passwords, or missing transaction records — let us help you reclaim your funds!
• Cold Wallet Restoration: Did your cold wallet fail? We specialize in extracting assets safely and securely.
• Private Key Generation: Forgotten your private key? We can help you generate new keys linked to your funds without compromising security.

Don’t Let Lost Crypto Ruin Your Day! 🕒

With an estimated 3 to 3.4 million BTC lost forever, it’s critical to act swiftly when facing access issues. Whether you’ve been a victim of a dust attack or have simply forgotten your key, Crypt Recver offers the support you need to reclaim your digital assets.

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Ready to get your cryptocurrency back? Don’t let uncertainty hold you back!

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• ✉️ Telegram: Chat with Us on Telegram
• 💬 WhatsApp: Message Us on WhatsApp

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@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

ManyMonths est une marque finlandaise qui crée des vêtements s'ajustant à la taille des bébés et des enfants, en coton biologique, chanvre et laine mérinos.

Matières naturelles utilisées dans les produits

• Chanvre
• Coton (biologique)
• Laine (mérinos)

⚠️ Attention, certains produits de cette marque contiennent des matières non naturelles, dont :

• Élasthanne, lycra, spandex

Catégories de produits proposés

• Vêtements : bébé, enfant, bodies, écharpes, capuches, cagoules, vestes, shorts, pantalons, jupes, t-shirts, leggings, chapeaux, robes, débardeurs, mitaines, moufles...

Autres informations

• Certification GOTS® (usine en Chine)
• Certification Oeko-Tex® Standard 100
• Fabriqué en Chine

👉 En savoir plus sur le site de la marque

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

📝 Tu peux contribuer à cette fiche en suggérant une modification en commentaire.

🗣️ Tu utilises ce produit ? Partage ton avis en commentaire.

⚡ Heureu-x-se de trouver cette information ? Soutiens le projet en faisant un don, pour remercier les contribut-eur-ice-s.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

ManyMonths is a Finnish brand that creates adjustable clothing for babies and children, made from organic cotton, hemp, and merino wool.

Natural materials used in products

• Cotton
• Hemp
• Wool (merino)

⚠️ Warning: some products from this brand (especially Catégorie niv 2 - catégorie niv 3, catégorie niv 3, catégorie niv3) contain non-natural materials, including:

• Elastane, lycra, spandex

Categories of products offered

• Clothing : baby, child, bodysuits, scarves, hoods, balaclavas, jackets, shorts, pants, skirts, t-shirts, leggings, hats, dresses, tank tops, fingerless gloves, mittens...

Other information

• GOTS® Certification (factory in Chine)
• Oeko-Tex® Standard 100 Certification
• Made in China

👉 Learn more on the brand's website

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

📝 You can contribute to this entry by suggesting edits in comments.

🗣️ Do you use this product? Share your opinion in the comments.

⚡ Happy to have found this information? Support the project by making a donation to thank the contributors.

@ b5b28e8a:8930a19b

Testing

This is my first page.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Learn more on Wikipedia

🧵 Products made from this material

The following brands offer products made exclusively or primarily from this material:

Clothing

• ManyMonths

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ a008def1:57a3564d

A Vision for #GitViaNostr

Git has long been the standard for version control in software development, but over time, we has lost its distributed nature. Originally, Git used open, permissionless email for collaboration, which worked well at scale. However, the rise of GitHub and its centralized pull request (PR) model has shifted the landscape.

Now, we have the opportunity to revive Git's permissionless and distributed nature through Nostr!

We’ve developed tools to facilitate Git collaboration via Nostr, but there are still significant friction that prevents widespread adoption. This article outlines a vision for how we can reduce those barriers and encourage more repositories to embrace this approach.

First, we’ll review our progress so far. Then, we’ll propose a guiding philosophy for our next steps. Finally, we’ll discuss a vision to tackle specific challenges, mainly relating to the role of the Git server and CI/CD.

I am the lead maintainer of ngit and gitworkshop.dev, and I’ve been fortunate to work full-time on this initiative for the past two years, thanks to an OpenSats grant.

How Far We’ve Come

The aim of #GitViaNostr is to liberate discussions around code collaboration from permissioned walled gardens. At the core of this collaboration is the process of proposing and applying changes. That's what we focused on first.

Since Nostr shares characteristics with email, and with NIP34, we’ve adopted similar primitives to those used in the patches-over-email workflow. This is because of their simplicity and that they don’t require contributors to host anything, which adds reliability and makes participation more accessible.

However, the fork-branch-PR-merge workflow is the only model many developers have known, and changing established workflows can be challenging. To address this, we developed a new workflow that balances familiarity, user experience, and alignment with the Nostr protocol: the branch-PR-merge model.

This model is implemented in ngit, which includes a Git plugin that allows users to engage without needing to learn new commands. Additionally, gitworkshop.dev offers a GitHub-like interface for interacting with PRs and issues. We encourage you to try them out using the quick start guide and share your feedback. You can also explore PRs and issues with gitplaza.

For those who prefer the patches-over-email workflow, you can still use that approach with Nostr through gitstr or the ngit send and ngit list commands, and explore patches with patch34.

The tools are now available to support the core collaboration challenge, but we are still at the beginning of the adoption curve.

Before we dive into the challenges—such as why the Git server setup can be jarring and the possibilities surrounding CI/CD—let’s take a moment to reflect on how we should approach the challenges ahead of us.

Philosophy

Here are some foundational principles I shared a few years ago:

• Let Git be Git
• Let Nostr be Nostr
• Learn from the successes of others

I’d like to add one more:

• Embrace anarchy and resist monolithic development.

Micro Clients FTW

Nostr celebrates simplicity, and we should strive to maintain that. Monolithic developments often lead to unnecessary complexity. Projects like gitworkshop.dev, which aim to cover various aspects of the code collaboration experience, should not stifle innovation.

Just yesterday, the launch of following.space demonstrated how vibe-coded micro clients can make a significant impact. They can be valuable on their own, shape the ecosystem, and help push large and widely used clients to implement features and ideas.

The primitives in NIP34 are straightforward, and if there are any barriers preventing the vibe-coding of a #GitViaNostr app in an afternoon, we should work to eliminate them.

Micro clients should lead the way and explore new workflows, experiences, and models of thinking.

Take kanbanstr.com. It provides excellent project management and organization features that work seamlessly with NIP34 primitives.

From kanban to code snippets, from CI/CD runners to SatShoot—may a thousand flowers bloom, and a thousand more after them.

Friction and Challenges

The Git Server

In #GitViaNostr, maintainers' branches (e.g., master) are hosted on a Git server. Here’s why this approach is beneficial:

• Follows the original Git vision and the "let Git be Git" philosophy.
• Super efficient, battle-tested, and compatible with all the ways people use Git (e.g., LFS, shallow cloning).
• Maintains compatibility with related systems without the need for plugins (e.g., for build and deployment).
• Only repository maintainers need write access.

In the original Git model, all users would need to add the Git server as a 'git remote.' However, with ngit, the Git server is hidden behind a Nostr remote, which enables:

• Hiding complexity from contributors and users, so that only maintainers need to know about the Git server component to start using #GitViaNostr.
• Maintainers can easily swap Git servers by updating their announcement event, allowing contributors/users using ngit to automatically switch to the new one.

Challenges with the Git Server

While the Git server model has its advantages, it also presents several challenges:

1. Initial Setup: When creating a new repository, maintainers must select a Git server, which can be a jarring experience. Most options come with bloated social collaboration features tied to a centralized PR model, often difficult or impossible to disable.

2. Manual Configuration: New repositories require manual configuration, including adding new maintainers through a browser UI, which can be cumbersome and time-consuming.

3. User Onboarding: Many Git servers require email sign-up or KYC (Know Your Customer) processes, which can be a significant turn-off for new users exploring a decentralized and permissionless alternative to GitHub.

Once the initial setup is complete, the system works well if a reliable Git server is chosen. However, this is a significant "if," as we have become accustomed to the excellent uptime and reliability of GitHub. Even professionally run alternatives like Codeberg can experience downtime, which is frustrating when CI/CD and deployment processes are affected. This problem is exacerbated when self-hosting.

Currently, most repositories on Nostr rely on GitHub as the Git server. While maintainers can change servers without disrupting their contributors, this reliance on a centralized service is not the decentralized dream we aspire to achieve.

Vision for the Git Server

The goal is to transform the Git server from a single point of truth and failure into a component similar to a Nostr relay.

Functionality Already in ngit to Support This

1. State on Nostr: Store the state of branches and tags in a Nostr event, removing reliance on a single server. This validates that the data received has been signed by the maintainer, significantly reducing the trust requirement.

2. Proxy to Multiple Git Servers: Proxy requests to all servers listed in the announcement event, adding redundancy and eliminating the need for any one server to match GitHub's reliability.

Implementation Requirements

To achieve this vision, the Nostr Git server implementation should:

1. Implement the Git Smart HTTP Protocol without authentication (no SSH) and only accept pushes if the reference tip matches the latest state event.

2. Avoid Bloat: There should be no user authentication, no database, no web UI, and no unnecessary features.

3. Automatic Repository Management: Accept or reject new repositories automatically upon the first push based on the content of the repository announcement event referenced in the URL path and its author.

Just as there are many free, paid, and self-hosted relays, there will be a variety of free, zero-step signup options, as well as self-hosted and paid solutions.

Some servers may use a Web of Trust (WoT) to filter out spam, while others might impose bandwidth or repository size limits for free tiers or whitelist specific npubs.

Additionally, some implementations could bundle relay and blossom server functionalities to unify the provision of repository data into a single service. These would likely only accept content related to the stored repositories rather than general social nostr content.

The potential role of CI / CD via nostr DVMs could create the incentives for a market of highly reliable free at the point of use git servers.

This could make onboarding #GitViaNostr repositories as easy as entering a name and selecting from a multi-select list of Git server providers that announce via NIP89.

!(image)[https://image.nostr.build/badedc822995eb18b6d3c4bff0743b12b2e5ac018845ba498ce4aab0727caf6c.jpg]

Git Client in the Browser

Currently, many tasks are performed on a Git server web UI, such as:

• Browsing code, commits, branches, tags, etc.
• Creating and displaying permalinks to specific lines in commits.
• Merging PRs.
• Making small commits and PRs on-the-fly.

Just as nobody goes to the web UI of a relay (e.g., nos.lol) to interact with notes, nobody should need to go to a Git server to interact with repositories. We use the Nostr protocol to interact with Nostr relays, and we should use the Git protocol to interact with Git servers. This situation has evolved due to the centralization of Git servers. Instead of being restricted to the view and experience designed by the server operator, users should be able to choose the user experience that works best for them from a range of clients. To facilitate this, we need a library that lowers the barrier to entry for creating these experiences. This library should not require a full clone of every repository and should not depend on proprietary APIs. As a starting point, I propose wrapping the WASM-compiled gitlib2 library for the web and creating useful functions, such as showing a file, which utilizes clever flags to minimize bandwidth usage (e.g., shallow clone, noblob, etc.).

This approach would not only enhance clients like gitworkshop.dev but also bring forth a vision where Git servers simply run the Git protocol, making vibe coding Git experiences even better.

song

nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 created song with a complementary vision that has shaped how I see the role of the git server. Its a self-hosted, nostr-permissioned git server with a relay baked in. Its currently a WIP and there are some compatability with ngit that we need to work out.

We collaborated on the nostr-permissioning approach now reflected in nip34.

I'm really excited to see how this space evolves.

CI/CD

Most projects require CI/CD, and while this is often bundled with Git hosting solutions, it is currently not smoothly integrated into #GitViaNostr yet. There are many loosely coupled options, such as Jenkins, Travis, CircleCI, etc., that could be integrated with Nostr.

However, the more exciting prospect is to use DVMs (Data Vending Machines).

DVMs for CI/CD

Nostr Data Vending Machines (DVMs) can provide a marketplace of CI/CD task runners with Cashu for micro payments.

There are various trust levels in CI/CD tasks:

• Tasks with no secrets eg. tests.
• Tasks using updatable secrets eg. API keys.
• Unverifiable builds and steps that sign with Android, Nostr, or PGP keys.

DVMs allow tasks to be kicked off with specific providers using a Cashu token as payment.

It might be suitable for some high-compute and easily verifiable tasks to be run by the cheapest available providers. Medium trust tasks could be run by providers with a good reputation, while high trust tasks could be run on self-hosted runners.

Job requests, status, and results all get published to Nostr for display in Git-focused Nostr clients.

Jobs could be triggered manually, or self-hosted runners could be configured to watch a Nostr repository and kick off jobs using their own runners without payment.

But I'm most excited about the prospect of Watcher Agents.

CI/CD Watcher Agents

AI agents empowered with a NIP60 Cashu wallet can run tasks based on activity, such as a push to master or a new PR, using the most suitable available DVM runner that meets the user's criteria. To keep them running, anyone could top up their NIP60 Cashu wallet; otherwise, the watcher turns off when the funds run out. It could be users, maintainers, or anyone interested in helping the project who could top up the Watcher Agent's balance.

As aluded to earlier, part of building a reputation as a CI/CD provider could involve running reliable hosting (Git server, relay, and blossom server) for all FOSS Nostr Git repositories.

This provides a sustainable revenue model for hosting providers and creates incentives for many free-at-the-point-of-use hosting providers. This, in turn, would allow one-click Nostr repository creation workflows, instantly hosted by many different providers.

Progress to Date

nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr and nostr:npub16ux4qzg4qjue95vr3q327fzata4n594c9kgh4jmeyn80v8k54nhqg6lra7 have been working on a runner that uses GitHub Actions YAML syntax (using act) for the dvm-cicd-runner and takes Cashu payment. You can see example runs on GitWorkshop. It currently takes testnuts, doesn't give any change, and the schema will likely change.

Note: The actions tab on GitWorkshop is currently available on all repositories if you turn on experimental mode (under settings in the user menu).

It's a work in progress, and we expect the format and schema to evolve.

Easy Web App Deployment

For those disapointed not to find a 'Nostr' button to import a git repository to Vercel menu: take heart, they made it easy. vercel.com_import_options.png there is a vercel cli that can be easily called in CI / CD jobs to kick of deployments. Not all managed solutions for web app deployment (eg. netlify) make it that easy.

Many More Opportunities

Large Patches via Blossom

I would be remiss not to mention the large patch problem. Some patches are too big to fit into Nostr events. Blossom is perfect for this, as it allows these larger patches to be included in a blossom file and referenced in a new patch kind.

Enhancing the #GitViaNostr Experience

Beyond the large patch issue, there are numerous opportunities to enhance the #GitViaNostr ecosystem. We can focus on improving browsing, discovery, social and notifications. Receiving notifications on daily driver Nostr apps is one of the killer features of Nostr. However, we must ensure that Git-related notifications are easily reviewable, so we don’t miss any critical updates.

We need to develop tools that cater to our curiosity—tools that enable us to discover and follow projects, engage in discussions that pique our interest, and stay informed about developments relevant to our work.

Additionally, we should not overlook the importance of robust search capabilities and tools that facilitate migrations.

Concluding Thoughts

The design space is vast. Its an exciting time to be working on freedom tech. I encourage everyone to contribute their ideas and creativity and get vibe-coding!

I welcome your honest feedback on this vision and any suggestions you might have. Your insights are invaluable as we collaborate to shape the future of #GitViaNostr. Onward.

Contributions

To conclude, I want to acknowledge some the individuals who have made recent code contributions related to #GitViaNostr:

nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 (gitstr, song, patch34), nostr:npub1useke4f9maul5nf67dj0m9sq6jcsmnjzzk4ycvldwl4qss35fvgqjdk5ks (gitplaza)

nostr:npub1elta7cneng3w8p9y4dw633qzdjr4kyvaparuyuttyrx6e8xp7xnq32cume (ngit contributions, git-remote-blossom),nostr:npub16p8v7varqwjes5hak6q7mz6pygqm4pwc6gve4mrned3xs8tz42gq7kfhdw (SatShoot, Flotilla-Budabit), nostr:npub1ehhfg09mr8z34wz85ek46a6rww4f7c7jsujxhdvmpqnl5hnrwsqq2szjqv (Flotilla-Budabit, Nostr Git Extension), nostr:npub1ahaz04ya9tehace3uy39hdhdryfvdkve9qdndkqp3tvehs6h8s5slq45hy (gnostr and experiments), and others.

nostr:npub1uplxcy63up7gx7cladkrvfqh834n7ylyp46l3e8t660l7peec8rsd2sfek (git-remote-nostr)

Project Management nostr:npub1ltx67888tz7lqnxlrg06x234vjnq349tcfyp52r0lstclp548mcqnuz40t (kanbanstr) Code Snippets nostr:npub1ygzj9skr9val9yqxkf67yf9jshtyhvvl0x76jp5er09nsc0p3j6qr260k2 (nodebin.io) nostr:npub1r0rs5q2gk0e3dk3nlc7gnu378ec6cnlenqp8a3cjhyzu6f8k5sgs4sq9ac (snipsnip.dev)

CI / CD nostr:npub16ux4qzg4qjue95vr3q327fzata4n594c9kgh4jmeyn80v8k54nhqg6lra7 nostr:npub1hw6amg8p24ne08c9gdq8hhpqx0t0pwanpae9z25crn7m9uy7yarse465gr

and for their nostr:npub1c03rad0r6q833vh57kyd3ndu2jry30nkr0wepqfpsm05vq7he25slryrnw nostr:npub1qqqqqq2stely3ynsgm5mh2nj3v0nk5gjyl3zqrzh34hxhvx806usxmln03 and nostr:npub1l5sga6xg72phsz5422ykujprejwud075ggrr3z2hwyrfgr7eylqstegx9z for their testing, feedback, ideas and encouragement.

Thank you for your support and collaboration! Let me know if I've missed you.

@ 6be5cc06:5259daf0

Eu reconheço que Deus, e somente Deus, é o soberano legítimo sobre todas as coisas. Nenhum homem, nenhuma instituição, nenhum parlamento tem autoridade para usurpar aquilo que pertence ao Rei dos reis. O Estado moderno, com sua pretensão totalizante, é uma farsa blasfema diante do trono de Cristo. Não aceito outro senhor.

A Lei que me guia não é a ditada por burocratas, mas a gravada por Deus na própria natureza humana. A razão, quando iluminada pela fé, é suficiente para discernir o que é justo. Rejeito as leis arbitrárias que pretendem legitimar o roubo, o assassinato ou a escravidão em nome da ordem. A justiça não nasce do decreto, mas da verdade.

Acredito firmemente na propriedade privada como extensão da própria pessoa. Aquilo que é fruto do meu trabalho, da minha criatividade, da minha dedicação, dos dons a mim concedidos por Deus, pertence a mim por direito natural. Ninguém pode legitimamente tomar o que é meu sem meu consentimento. Todo imposto é uma agressão; toda expropriação, um roubo. Defendo a liberdade econômica não por idolatria ao mercado, mas porque a liberdade é condição necessária para a virtude.

Assumo o Princípio da Não Agressão como o mínimo ético que devo respeitar. Não iniciarei o uso da força contra ninguém, nem contra sua propriedade. Exijo o mesmo de todos. Mas sei que isso não basta. O PNA delimita o que não devo fazer — ele não me ensina o que devo ser. A liberdade exterior só é boa se houver liberdade interior. O mercado pode ser livre, mas se a alma estiver escravizada pelo vício, o colapso será inevitável.

Por isso, não me basta a ética negativa. Creio que uma sociedade justa precisa de valores positivos: honra, responsabilidade, compaixão, respeito, fidelidade à verdade. Sem isso, mesmo uma sociedade que respeite formalmente os direitos individuais apodrecerá por dentro. Um povo que ama o lucro, mas despreza a verdade, que celebra a liberdade mas esquece a justiça, está se preparando para ser dominado. Trocará um déspota visível por mil tiranias invisíveis — o hedonismo, o consumismo, a mentira, o medo.

Não aceito a falsa caridade feita com o dinheiro tomado à força. A verdadeira generosidade nasce do coração livre, não da coerção institucional. Obrigar alguém a ajudar o próximo destrói tanto a liberdade quanto a virtude. Só há mérito onde há escolha. A caridade que nasce do amor é redentora; a que nasce do fisco é propaganda.

O Estado moderno é um ídolo. Ele promete segurança, mas entrega servidão. Promete justiça, mas entrega privilégios. Disfarça a opressão com linguagem técnica, legal e democrática. Mas por trás de suas máscaras, vejo apenas a velha serpente. Um parasita que se alimenta do trabalho alheio e manipula consciências para se perpetuar.

Resistir não é apenas um direito, é um dever. Obedecer a Deus antes que aos homens — essa é a minha regra. O poder se volta contra a verdade, mas minha lealdade pertence a quem criou o céu e a terra. A tirania não se combate com outro tirano, mas com a desobediência firme e pacífica dos que amam a justiça.

Não acredito em utopias. Desejo uma ordem natural, orgânica, enraizada no voluntarismo. Uma sociedade que se construa de baixo para cima: a partir da família, da comunidade local, da tradição e da fé. Não quero uma máquina que planeje a vida alheia, mas um tecido de relações voluntárias onde a liberdade floresça à sombra da cruz.

Desejo, sim, o reinado social de Cristo. Não por imposição, mas por convicção. Que Ele reine nos corações, nas famílias, nas ruas e nos contratos. Que a fé guie a razão e a razão ilumine a vida. Que a liberdade seja meio para a santidade — não um fim em si. E que, livres do jugo do Leviatã, sejamos servos apenas do Senhor.

@ 52b4a076:e7fad8bd

I have been recently building NFDB, a new relay DB. This post is meant as a short overview.

Regular relays have challenges

Current relay software have significant challenges, which I have experienced when hosting Nostr.land: - Scalability is only supported by adding full replicas, which does not scale to large relays. - Most relays use slow databases and are not optimized for large scale usage. - Search is near-impossible to implement on standard relays. - Privacy features such as NIP-42 are lacking. - Regular DB maintenance tasks on normal relays require extended downtime. - Fault-tolerance is implemented, if any, using a load balancer, which is limited. - Personalization and advanced filtering is not possible. - Local caching is not supported.

NFDB: A scalable database for large relays

NFDB is a new database meant for medium-large scale relays, built on FoundationDB that provides: - Near-unlimited scalability - Extended fault tolerance - Instant loading - Better search - Better personalization - and more.

Search

NFDB has extended search capabilities including: - Semantic search: Search for meaning, not words. - Interest-based search: Highlight content you care about. - Multi-faceted queries: Easily filter by topic, author group, keywords, and more at the same time. - Wide support for event kinds, including users, articles, etc.

Personalization

NFDB allows significant personalization: - Customized algorithms: Be your own algorithm. - Spam filtering: Filter content to your WoT, and use advanced spam filters. - Topic mutes: Mute topics, not keywords. - Media filtering: With Nostr.build, you will be able to filter NSFW and other content - Low data mode: Block notes that use high amounts of cellular data. - and more

Other

NFDB has support for many other features such as: - NIP-42: Protect your privacy with private drafts and DMs - Microrelays: Easily deploy your own personal microrelay - Containers: Dedicated, fast storage for discoverability events such as relay lists

Calcite: A local microrelay database

Calcite is a lightweight, local version of NFDB that is meant for microrelays and caching, meant for thousands of personal microrelays.

Calcite HA is an additional layer that allows live migration and relay failover in under 30 seconds, providing higher availability compared to current relays with greater simplicity. Calcite HA is enabled in all Calcite deployments.

For zero-downtime, NFDB is recommended.

Noswhere SmartCache

Relays are fixed in one location, but users can be anywhere.

Noswhere SmartCache is a CDN for relays that dynamically caches data on edge servers closest to you, allowing: - Multiple regions around the world - Improved throughput and performance - Faster loading times

routerd

routerd is a custom load-balancer optimized for Nostr relays, integrated with SmartCache.

routerd is specifically integrated with NFDB and Calcite HA to provide fast failover and high performance.

Ending notes

NFDB is planned to be deployed to Nostr.land in the coming weeks.

A lot more is to come. 👀️️️️️️

@ 30ceb64e:7f08bdf5

Status: Draft
Author: TheWildHustle

Abstract

This NIP defines a framework for storing and sharing health and fitness profile data on Nostr. It establishes a set of standardized event kinds for individual health metrics, allowing applications to selectively access specific health information while preserving user control and privacy.

In this framework exists - NIP-101h.1 Weight using kind 1351 - NIP-101h.2 Height using kind 1352 - NIP-101h.3 Age using kind 1353 - NIP-101h.4 Gender using kind 1354 - NIP-101h.5 Fitness Level using kind 1355

Motivation

I want to build and support an ecosystem of health and fitness related nostr clients that have the ability to share and utilize a bunch of specific interoperable health metrics.

• Selective access - Applications can access only the data they need
• User control - Users can choose which metrics to share
• Interoperability - Different health applications can share data
• Privacy - Sensitive health information can be managed independently

Specification

Kind Number Range

Health profile metrics use the kind number range 1351-1399:

| Kind | Metric | | --------- | ---------------------------------- | | 1351 | Weight | | 1352 | Height | | 1353 | Age | | 1354 | Gender | | 1355 | Fitness Level | | 1356-1399 | Reserved for future health metrics |

Common Structure

All health metric events SHOULD follow these guidelines:

• The content field contains the primary value of the metric
• Required tags:
• ['t', 'health'] - For categorizing as health data
• ['t', metric-specific-tag] - For identifying the specific metric
• ['unit', unit-of-measurement] - When applicable
• Optional tags:
• ['converted_value', value, unit] - For providing alternative unit measurements
• ['timestamp', ISO8601-date] - When the metric was measured
• ['source', application-name] - The source of the measurement

Unit Handling

Health metrics often have multiple ways to be measured. To ensure interoperability:

• Where multiple units are possible, one standard unit SHOULD be chosen as canonical
• When using non-standard units, a converted_value tag SHOULD be included with the canonical unit
• Both the original and converted values should be provided for maximum compatibility

Client Implementation Guidelines

Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:

• Allow users to explicitly choose which metrics to publish
• Support reading health metrics from other users when appropriate permissions exist
• Support updating metrics with new values over time
• Preserve tags they don't understand for future compatibility
• Support at least the canonical unit for each metric

Extensions

New health metrics can be proposed as extensions to this NIP using the format:

• NIP-101h.X where X is the metric number

Each extension MUST specify: - A unique kind number in the range 1351-1399 - The content format and meaning - Required and optional tags - Examples of valid events

Privacy Considerations

Health data is sensitive personal information. Clients implementing this NIP SHOULD:

• Make it clear to users when health data is being published
• Consider incorporating NIP-44 encryption for sensitive metrics
• Allow users to selectively share metrics with specific individuals
• Provide easy ways to delete previously published health data

---

NIP-101h.1: Weight

Description

This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing weight data on Nostr.

Event Kind: 1351

Content

The content field MUST contain the numeric weight value as a string.

Required Tags

• ['unit', 'kg' or 'lb'] - Unit of measurement
• ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
• ['t', 'weight'] - Specific metric tag

Optional Tags

• ['converted_value', value, unit] - Provides the weight in alternative units for interoperability
• ['timestamp', ISO8601 date] - When the weight was measured

Examples

json { "kind": 1351, "content": "70", "tags": [ ["unit", "kg"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"] ] }

json { "kind": 1351, "content": "154", "tags": [ ["unit", "lb"], ["t", "health"], ["t", "weight"], ["converted_value", "69.85", "kg"] ] }

NIP-101h.2: Height

Status: Draft

Description

This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing height data on Nostr.

Event Kind: 1352

Content

The content field can use two formats: - For metric height: A string containing the numeric height value in centimeters (cm) - For imperial height: A JSON string with feet and inches properties

Required Tags

• ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
• ['t', 'height'] - Specific metric tag
• ['unit', 'cm' or 'imperial'] - Unit of measurement

Optional Tags

• ['converted_value', value, 'cm'] - Provides height in centimeters for interoperability when imperial is used
• ['timestamp', ISO8601-date] - When the height was measured

Examples

```jsx // Example 1: Metric height Apply to App.jsx

// Example 2: Imperial height with conversion Apply to App.jsx ```

Implementation Notes

• Centimeters (cm) is the canonical unit for height interoperability
• When using imperial units, a conversion to centimeters SHOULD be provided
• Height values SHOULD be positive integers
• For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support both formats

---

NIP-101h.3: Age

Status: Draft

Description

This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing age data on Nostr.

Event Kind: 1353

Content

The content field MUST contain the numeric age value as a string.

Required Tags

• ['unit', 'years'] - Unit of measurement
• ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
• ['t', 'age'] - Specific metric tag

Optional Tags

• ['timestamp', ISO8601-date] - When the age was recorded
• ['dob', ISO8601-date] - Date of birth (if the user chooses to share it)

Examples

```jsx // Example 1: Basic age Apply to App.jsx

// Example 2: Age with DOB Apply to App.jsx ```

Implementation Notes

• Age SHOULD be represented as a positive integer
• For privacy reasons, date of birth (dob) is optional
• Clients SHOULD consider updating age automatically if date of birth is known
• Age can be a sensitive metric and clients may want to consider encrypting this data

---

NIP-101h.4: Gender

Status: Draft

Description

This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing gender data on Nostr.

Event Kind: 1354

Content

The content field contains a string representing the user's gender.

Required Tags

• ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
• ['t', 'gender'] - Specific metric tag

Optional Tags

• ['timestamp', ISO8601-date] - When the gender was recorded
• ['preferred_pronouns', string] - User's preferred pronouns

Common Values

While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - male - female - non-binary - other - prefer-not-to-say

Examples

```jsx // Example 1: Basic gender Apply to App.jsx

// Example 2: Gender with pronouns Apply to App.jsx ```

Implementation Notes

• Clients SHOULD allow free-form input for gender
• For maximum compatibility, clients SHOULD support the common values
• Gender is a sensitive personal attribute and clients SHOULD consider appropriate privacy controls
• Applications focusing on health metrics should be respectful of gender diversity

---

NIP-101h.5: Fitness Level

Status: Draft

Description

This NIP defines the format for storing and sharing fitness level data on Nostr.

Event Kind: 1355

Content

The content field contains a string representing the user's fitness level.

Required Tags

• ['t', 'health'] - Categorization tag
• ['t', 'fitness'] - Fitness category tag
• ['t', 'level'] - Specific metric tag

Optional Tags

• ['timestamp', ISO8601-date] - When the fitness level was recorded
• ['activity', activity-type] - Specific activity the fitness level relates to
• ['metrics', JSON-string] - Quantifiable fitness metrics used to determine level

Common Values

While any string value is permitted, the following common values are recommended for interoperability: - beginner - intermediate - advanced - elite - professional

Examples

```jsx // Example 1: Basic fitness level Apply to App.jsx

// Example 2: Activity-specific fitness level with metrics Apply to App.jsx ```

Implementation Notes

• Fitness level is subjective and may vary by activity
• The activity tag can be used to specify fitness level for different activities
• The metrics tag can provide objective measurements to support the fitness level
• Clients can extend this format to include activity-specific fitness assessments
• For general fitness apps, the simple beginner/intermediate/advanced scale is recommended

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

En savoir plus sur Wikipedia

🧵 Produits en cette matière

Les marques suivantes proposent des produits fait exclusivement ou principalement avec cette matière :

Vêtements

• ManyMonths

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

O Contexto Legal Brasileiro e o Consentimento

No ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o consentimento do ofendido pode, em certas circunstâncias, afastar a ilicitude de um ato que, sem ele, configuraria crime (como lesão corporal leve, prevista no Art. 129 do Código Penal). Contudo, o consentimento tem limites claros: não é válido para bens jurídicos indisponíveis, como a vida, e sua eficácia é questionável em casos de lesões corporais graves ou gravíssimas.

A prática de BDSM consensual situa-se em uma zona complexa. Em tese, se ambos os parceiros são adultos, capazes, e consentiram livre e informadamente nos atos praticados, sem que resultem em lesões graves permanentes ou risco de morte não consentido, não haveria crime. O desafio reside na comprovação desse consentimento, especialmente se uma das partes, posteriormente, o negar ou alegar coação.

A Lei Maria da Penha (Lei nº 11.340/2006)

A Lei Maria da Penha é um marco fundamental na proteção da mulher contra a violência doméstica e familiar. Ela estabelece mecanismos para coibir e prevenir tal violência, definindo suas formas (física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral) e prevendo medidas protetivas de urgência.

Embora essencial, a aplicação da lei em contextos de BDSM pode ser delicada. Uma alegação de violência por parte da mulher, mesmo que as lesões ou situações decorram de práticas consensuais, tende a receber atenção prioritária das autoridades, dada a presunção de vulnerabilidade estabelecida pela lei. Isso pode criar um cenário onde o parceiro masculino enfrenta dificuldades significativas em demonstrar a natureza consensual dos atos, especialmente se não houver provas robustas pré-constituídas.

Outros riscos:

Lesão corporal grave ou gravíssima (art. 129, §§ 1º e 2º, CP), não pode ser justificada pelo consentimento, podendo ensejar persecução penal.

Crimes contra a dignidade sexual (arts. 213 e seguintes do CP) são de ação pública incondicionada e independem de representação da vítima para a investigação e denúncia.

Riscos de Falsas Acusações e Alegação de Coação Futura

Os riscos para os praticantes de BDSM, especialmente para o parceiro que assume o papel dominante ou que inflige dor/restrição (frequentemente, mas não exclusivamente, o homem), podem surgir de diversas frentes:

1. Acusações Externas: Vizinhos, familiares ou amigos que desconhecem a natureza consensual do relacionamento podem interpretar sons, marcas ou comportamentos como sinais de abuso e denunciar às autoridades.
2. Alegações Futuras da Parceira: Em caso de término conturbado, vingança, arrependimento ou mudança de perspectiva, a parceira pode reinterpretar as práticas passadas como abuso e buscar reparação ou retaliação através de uma denúncia. A alegação pode ser de que o consentimento nunca existiu ou foi viciado.
3. Alegação de Coação: Uma das formas mais complexas de refutar é a alegação de que o consentimento foi obtido mediante coação (física, moral, psicológica ou econômica). A parceira pode alegar, por exemplo, que se sentia pressionada, intimidada ou dependente, e que seu "sim" não era genuíno. Provar a ausência de coação a posteriori é extremamente difícil.
4. Ingenuidade e Vulnerabilidade Masculina: Muitos homens, confiando na dinâmica consensual e na parceira, podem negligenciar a necessidade de precauções. A crença de que "isso nunca aconteceria comigo" ou a falta de conhecimento sobre as implicações legais e o peso processual de uma acusação no âmbito da Lei Maria da Penha podem deixá-los vulneráveis. A presença de marcas físicas, mesmo que consentidas, pode ser usada como evidência de agressão, invertendo o ônus da prova na prática, ainda que não na teoria jurídica.

Estratégias de Prevenção e Mitigação

Não existe um método infalível para evitar completamente o risco de uma falsa acusação, mas diversas medidas podem ser adotadas para construir um histórico de consentimento e reduzir vulnerabilidades:

1. Comunicação Explícita e Contínua: A base de qualquer prática BDSM segura é a comunicação constante. Negociar limites, desejos, palavras de segurança ("safewords") e expectativas antes, durante e depois das cenas é crucial. Manter registros dessas negociações (e-mails, mensagens, diários compartilhados) pode ser útil.

2. Documentação do Consentimento:

   • Contratos de Relacionamento/Cena: Embora a validade jurídica de "contratos BDSM" seja discutível no Brasil (não podem afastar normas de ordem pública), eles servem como forte evidência da intenção das partes, da negociação detalhada de limites e do consentimento informado. Devem ser claros, datados, assinados e, idealmente, reconhecidos em cartório (para prova de data e autenticidade das assinaturas).

   • Registros Audiovisuais: Gravar (com consentimento explícito para a gravação) discussões sobre consentimento e limites antes das cenas pode ser uma prova poderosa. Gravar as próprias cenas é mais complexo devido a questões de privacidade e potencial uso indevido, mas pode ser considerado em casos específicos, sempre com consentimento mútuo documentado para a gravação.

     Importante: a gravação deve ser com ciência da outra parte, para não configurar violação da intimidade (art. 5º, X, da Constituição Federal e art. 20 do Código Civil).

3. Testemunhas: Em alguns contextos de comunidade BDSM, a presença de terceiros de confiança durante negociações ou mesmo cenas pode servir como testemunho, embora isso possa alterar a dinâmica íntima do casal.

4. Estabelecimento Claro de Limites e Palavras de Segurança: Definir e respeitar rigorosamente os limites (o que é permitido, o que é proibido) e as palavras de segurança é fundamental. O desrespeito a uma palavra de segurança encerra o consentimento para aquele ato.
5. Avaliação Contínua do Consentimento: O consentimento não é um cheque em branco; ele deve ser entusiástico, contínuo e revogável a qualquer momento. Verificar o bem-estar do parceiro durante a cena ("check-ins") é essencial.
6. Discrição e Cuidado com Evidências Físicas: Ser discreto sobre a natureza do relacionamento pode evitar mal-entendidos externos. Após cenas que deixem marcas, é prudente que ambos os parceiros estejam cientes e de acordo, talvez documentando por fotos (com data) e uma nota sobre a consensualidade da prática que as gerou.
7. Aconselhamento Jurídico Preventivo: Consultar um advogado especializado em direito de família e criminal, com sensibilidade para dinâmicas de relacionamento alternativas, pode fornecer orientação personalizada sobre as melhores formas de documentar o consentimento e entender os riscos legais específicos.

Observações Importantes

• Nenhuma documentação substitui a necessidade de consentimento real, livre, informado e contínuo.
• A lei brasileira protege a "integridade física" e a "dignidade humana". Práticas que resultem em lesões graves ou que violem a dignidade de forma não consentida (ou com consentimento viciado) serão ilegais, independentemente de qualquer acordo prévio.
• Em caso de acusação, a existência de documentação robusta de consentimento não garante a absolvição, mas fortalece significativamente a defesa, ajudando a demonstrar a natureza consensual da relação e das práticas.

• A alegação de coação futura é particularmente difícil de prevenir apenas com documentos. Um histórico consistente de comunicação aberta (whatsapp/telegram/e-mails), respeito mútuo e ausência de dependência ou controle excessivo na relação pode ajudar a contextualizar a dinâmica como não coercitiva.

• Cuidado com Marcas Visíveis e Lesões Graves Práticas que resultam em hematomas severos ou lesões podem ser interpretadas como agressão, mesmo que consentidas. Evitar excessos protege não apenas a integridade física, mas também evita questionamentos legais futuros.

O que vem a ser consentimento viciado

No Direito, consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda com algo, mas a vontade dela não é livre ou plena — ou seja, o consentimento existe formalmente, mas é defeituoso por alguma razão.

O Código Civil brasileiro (art. 138 a 165) define várias formas de vício de consentimento. As principais são:

Erro: A pessoa se engana sobre o que está consentindo. (Ex.: A pessoa acredita que vai participar de um jogo leve, mas na verdade é exposta a práticas pesadas.)

Dolo: A pessoa é enganada propositalmente para aceitar algo. (Ex.: Alguém mente sobre o que vai acontecer durante a prática.)

Coação: A pessoa é forçada ou ameaçada a consentir. (Ex.: "Se você não aceitar, eu termino com você" — pressão emocional forte pode ser vista como coação.)

Estado de perigo ou lesão: A pessoa aceita algo em situação de necessidade extrema ou abuso de sua vulnerabilidade. (Ex.: Alguém em situação emocional muito fragilizada é induzida a aceitar práticas que normalmente recusaria.)

No contexto de BDSM, isso é ainda mais delicado: Mesmo que a pessoa tenha "assinado" um contrato ou dito "sim", se depois ela alegar que seu consentimento foi dado sob medo, engano ou pressão psicológica, o consentimento pode ser considerado viciado — e, portanto, juridicamente inválido.

Isso tem duas implicações sérias:

1. O crime não se descaracteriza: Se houver vício, o consentimento é ignorado e a prática pode ser tratada como crime normal (lesão corporal, estupro, tortura, etc.).

2. A prova do consentimento precisa ser sólida: Mostrando que a pessoa estava informada, lúcida, livre e sem qualquer tipo de coação.

   Consentimento viciado é quando a pessoa concorda formalmente, mas de maneira enganada, forçada ou pressionada, tornando o consentimento inútil para efeitos jurídicos.

Conclusão

Casais que praticam BDSM consensual no Brasil navegam em um terreno que exige não apenas confiança mútua e comunicação excepcional, mas também uma consciência aguçada das complexidades legais e dos riscos de interpretações equivocadas ou acusações mal-intencionadas. Embora o BDSM seja uma expressão legítima da sexualidade humana, sua prática no Brasil exige responsabilidade redobrada. Ter provas claras de consentimento, manter a comunicação aberta e agir com prudência são formas eficazes de se proteger de falsas alegações e preservar a liberdade e a segurança de todos os envolvidos. Embora leis controversas como a Maria da Penha sejam "vitais" para a proteção contra a violência real, os praticantes de BDSM, e em particular os homens nesse contexto, devem adotar uma postura proativa e prudente para mitigar os riscos inerentes à potencial má interpretação ou instrumentalização dessas práticas e leis, garantindo que a expressão de sua consensualidade esteja resguardada na medida do possível.

---

Importante: No Brasil, mesmo com tudo isso, o Ministério Público pode denunciar por crime como lesão corporal grave, estupro ou tortura, independente de consentimento. Então a prudência nas práticas é fundamental.

Aviso Legal: Este artigo tem caráter meramente informativo e não constitui aconselhamento jurídico. As leis e interpretações podem mudar, e cada situação é única. Recomenda-se buscar orientação de um advogado qualificado para discutir casos específicos.

Se curtiu este artigo faça uma contribuição, se tiver algum ponto relevante para o artigo deixe seu comentário.

@ 8125b911:a8400883

In Nostr, all data is stored as events. Decentralization is achieved by storing events on multiple relays, with signatures proving the ownership of these events. However, if you truly want to own your events, you should run your own relay to store them. Otherwise, if the relays you use fail or intentionally delete your events, you'll lose them forever.

For most people, running a relay is complex and costly. To solve this issue, I developed nostr-relay-tray, a relay that can be easily run on a personal computer and accessed over the internet.

Project URL: https://github.com/CodyTseng/nostr-relay-tray

This article will guide you through using nostr-relay-tray to run your own relay.

Download

Download the installation package for your operating system from the GitHub Release Page.

| Operating System | File Format | | --------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | Windows | nostr-relay-tray.Setup.x.x.x.exe | | macOS (Apple Silicon) | nostr-relay-tray-x.x.x-arm64.dmg | | macOS (Intel) | nostr-relay-tray-x.x.x.dmg | | Linux | You should know which one to use |

Installation

Since this app isn’t signed, you may encounter some obstacles during installation. Once installed, an ostrich icon will appear in the status bar. Click on the ostrich icon, and you'll see a menu where you can click the "Dashboard" option to open the relay's control panel for further configuration.

macOS Users:

• On first launch, go to "System Preferences > Security & Privacy" and click "Open Anyway."
• If you encounter a "damaged" message, run the following command in the terminal to remove the restrictions:

bash sudo xattr -rd com.apple.quarantine /Applications/nostr-relay-tray.app

Windows Users:

• On the security warning screen, click "More Info > Run Anyway."

Connecting

By default, nostr-relay-tray is only accessible locally through ws://localhost:4869/, which makes it quite limited. Therefore, we need to expose it to the internet.

In the control panel, click the "Proxy" tab and toggle the switch. You will then receive a "Public address" that you can use to access your relay from anywhere. It's that simple.

Next, add this address to your relay list and position it as high as possible in the list. Most clients prioritize connecting to relays that appear at the top of the list, and relays lower in the list are often ignored.

Restrictions

Next, we need to set up some restrictions to prevent the relay from storing events that are irrelevant to you and wasting storage space. nostr-relay-tray allows for flexible and fine-grained configuration of which events to accept, but some of this is more complex and will not be covered here. If you're interested, you can explore this further later.

For now, I'll introduce a simple and effective strategy: WoT (Web of Trust). You can enable this feature in the "WoT & PoW" tab. Before enabling, you'll need to input your pubkey.

There's another important parameter, Depth, which represents the relationship depth between you and others. Someone you follow has a depth of 1, someone they follow has a depth of 2, and so on.

• Setting this parameter to 0 means your relay will only accept your own events.
• Setting it to 1 means your relay will accept events from you and the people you follow.
• Setting it to 2 means your relay will accept events from you, the people you follow, and the people they follow.

Currently, the maximum value for this parameter is 2.

Conclusion

You've now successfully run your own relay and set a simple restriction to prevent it from storing irrelevant events.

If you encounter any issues during use, feel free to submit an issue on GitHub, and I'll respond as soon as possible.

Not your relay, not your events.

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Dilling est une marque danoise qui crée des vêtements en laine, soie et coton biologique pour toute la famille.

Matières naturelles utilisées dans les produits

• Coton (biologique)
• Laine (mérinos, alpaga)
• Latex naturel (OEKO-TEX ®)
• Soie

⚠️ Attention, certains produits de cette marque (notamment les Vêtements - chaussettes, vestes, strings, shorts) contiennent des matières non naturelles, dont :

• Elasthanne
• Polyamide, nylon (nylon recyclé)
• Polyester (recyclé)

Catégories de produits proposés

• Vêtements : homme, femme, enfant, bébé, sous-vêtements, t-shirts, débardeurs, robes, vestes, pantalons, shorts, pulls, gilets, bodies, combinaisons, culottes, slips, boxers...

Autres informations

• Ecolabel Nordic Swan (teintures)
• Fabriqué en Lituanie (coupe et couture)
• Fabriqué au Danemark (teintures)
• Fabriqué en Europe

👉 En savoir plus sur le site de la marque

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

📝 Tu peux contribuer à cette fiche en suggérant une modification en commentaire.

🗣️ Tu utilises ce produit ? Partage ton avis en commentaire.

⚡ Heureu-x-se de trouver cette information ? Soutiens le projet en faisant un don, pour remercier les contribut-eur-ice-s.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Dilling is a Danish brand that creates wool, silk, and organic cotton clothing for the whole family.

Natural materials used in products

• Cotton (organic)
• Natural latex (OEKO-TEX ®)
• Silk
• Wool (merino, alpaca)

⚠️ Warning: some products from this brand (especially Clothes – socks, jackets, thongs, shorts) contain non-natural materials, including:

• Elastane, spandex, lycra
• Polyamide, nylon (recycled nylon)
• Polyester (recycled)

Categories of products offered

• Clothing : men, women, children, babies, underwear, t-shirts, tank tops, dresses, jackets, trousers, shorts, sweaters, cardigans, bodysuits, jumpsuits, panties, briefs, boxers...

Other information

• Nordic Swan ecolabel (dye)
• Made in Lithuania (cutting and sewing)
• Made in Denmark (dye)
• Made in Europe

👉 Learn more on the brand's website

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

📝 You can contribute to this entry by suggesting edits in comments.

🗣️ Do you use this product? Share your opinion in the comments.

⚡ Happy to have found this information? Support the project by making a donation to thank the contributors.

@ e691f4df:1099ad65

Viewing Bitcoin Through the Light of Awakening

Ankh & Ohm Capital’s Overview of the Psycho-Spiritual Nature of Bitcoin

---

Glossary:

I. Preface: The Logos of Our Logo

II. An Oracular Introduction

III. Alchemizing Greed

IV. Layers of Fractalized Thought

V. Permissionless Individuation

VI. Dispelling Paradox Through Resonance

VII. Ego Deflation

VIII. The Coin of Great Price

Preface: The Logos of Our Logo

Before we offer our lens on Bitcoin, it’s important to illuminate the meaning behind Ankh & Ohm’s name and symbol. These elements are not ornamental—they are foundational, expressing the cosmological principles that guide our work.

Our mission is to bridge the eternal with the practical. As a Bitcoin-focused family office and consulting firm, we understand capital not as an end, but as a tool—one that, when properly aligned, becomes a vehicle for divine order. We see Bitcoin not simply as a technological innovation but as an emanation of the Divine Logos—a harmonic expression of truth, transparency, and incorruptible structure. Both the beginning and the end, the Alpha and Omega.

The Ankh (☥), an ancient symbol of eternal life, is a key to the integration of opposites. It unites spirit and matter, force and form, continuity and change. It reminds us that capital, like Life, must not only be generative, but regenerative; sacred. Money must serve Life, not siphon from it.

The Ohm (Ω) holds a dual meaning. In physics, it denotes a unit of electrical resistance—the formative tension that gives energy coherence. In the Vedic tradition, Om (ॐ) is the primordial vibration—the sound from which all existence unfolds. Together, these symbols affirm a timeless truth: resistance and resonance are both sacred instruments of the Creator.

Ankh & Ohm, then, represents our striving for union, for harmony —between the flow of life and intentional structure, between incalculable abundance and measured restraint, between the lightbulb’s electrical impulse and its light-emitting filament. We stand at the threshold where intention becomes action, and where capital is not extracted, but cultivated in rhythm with the cosmos. 

We exist to shepherd this transformation, as guides of this threshold —helping families, founders, and institutions align with a deeper order, where capital serves not as the prize, but as a pathway to collective Presence, Purpose, Peace and Prosperity.

---

An Oracular Introduction

Bitcoin is commonly understood as the first truly decentralized and secure form of digital money—a breakthrough in monetary sovereignty. But this view, while technically correct, is incomplete and spiritually shallow. Bitcoin is more than a tool for economic disruption. Bitcoin represents a mythic threshold: a symbol of the psycho-spiritual shift that many ancient traditions have long foretold.

For millennia, sages and seers have spoken of a coming Golden Age. In the Vedic Yuga cycles, in Plato’s Great Year, in the Eagle and Condor prophecies of the Americas—there exists a common thread: that humanity will emerge from darkness into a time of harmony, cooperation, and clarity. That the veil of illusion (maya, materiality) will thin, and reality will once again become transparent to the transcendent. In such an age, systems based on scarcity, deception, and centralization fall away. A new cosmology takes root—one grounded in balance, coherence, and sacred reciprocity.

But we must ask—how does such a shift happen? How do we cross from the age of scarcity, fear, and domination into one of coherence, abundance, and freedom?

One possible answer lies in the alchemy of incentive.

Bitcoin operates not just on the rules of computer science or Austrian economics, but on something far more old and subtle: the logic of transformation. It transmutes greed—a base instinct rooted in scarcity—into cooperation, transparency, and incorruptibility.

In this light, Bitcoin becomes more than code—it becomes a psychoactive protocol, one that rewires human behavior by aligning individual gain with collective integrity. It is not simply a new form of money. It is a new myth of value. A new operating system for human consciousness.

Bitcoin does not moralize. It harmonizes. It transforms the instinct for self-preservation into a pathway for planetary coherence.

---

Alchemizing Greed

At the heart of Bitcoin lies the ancient alchemical principle of transmutation: that which is base may be refined into gold.

Greed, long condemned as a vice, is not inherently evil. It is a distorted longing. A warped echo of the drive to preserve life. But in systems built on scarcity and deception, this longing calcifies into hoarding, corruption, and decay.

Bitcoin introduces a new game. A game with memory. A game that makes deception inefficient and truth profitable. It does not demand virtue—it encodes consequence. Its design does not suppress greed; it reprograms it.

In traditional models, game theory often illustrates the fragility of trust. The Prisoner’s Dilemma reveals how self-interest can sabotage collective well-being. But Bitcoin inverts this. It creates an environment where self-interest and integrity converge—where the most rational action is also the most truthful.

Its ledger, immutable and transparent, exposes manipulation for what it is: energetically wasteful and economically self-defeating. Dishonesty burns energy and yields nothing. The network punishes incoherence, not by decree, but by natural law.

This is the spiritual elegance of Bitcoin: it does not suppress greed—it transmutes it. It channels the drive for personal gain into the architecture of collective order. Miners compete not to dominate, but to validate. Nodes collaborate not through trust, but through mathematical proof.

This is not austerity. It is alchemy.

Greed, under Bitcoin, is refined. Tempered. Re-forged into a generative force—no longer parasitic, but harmonic.

---

Layers of Fractalized Thought Fragments

All living systems are layered. So is the cosmos. So is the human being. So is a musical scale.

At its foundation lies the timechain—the pulsing, incorruptible record of truth. Like the heart, it beats steadily. Every block, like a pulse, affirms its life through continuity. The difficulty adjustment—Bitcoin’s internal calibration—functions like heart rate variability, adapting to pressure while preserving coherence.

Above this base layer is the Lightning Network—a second layer facilitating rapid, efficient transactions. It is the nervous system: transmitting energy, reducing latency, enabling real-time interaction across a distributed whole.

Beyond that, emerging tools like Fedimint and Cashu function like the capillaries—bringing vitality to the extremities, to those underserved by legacy systems. They empower the unbanked, the overlooked, the forgotten. Privacy and dignity in the palms of those the old system refused to see.

And then there is NOSTR—the decentralized protocol for communication and creation. It is the throat chakra, the vocal cords of the “freedom-tech” body. It reclaims speech from the algorithmic overlords, making expression sovereign once more. It is also the reproductive system, as it enables the propagation of novel ideas and protocols in fertile, uncensorable soil.

Each layer plays its part. Not in hierarchy, but in harmony. In holarchy. Bitcoin and other open source protocols grow not through exogenous command, but through endogenous coherence. Like cells in an organism. Like a song.

Imagine the cell as a piece of glass from a shattered holographic plate —by which its perspectival, moving image can be restructured from the single shard. DNA isn’t only a logical script of base pairs, but an evolving progressive song. Its lyrics imbued with wise reflections on relationships.  The nucleus sings, the cell responds—not by command, but by memory. Life is not imposed; it is expressed. A reflection of a hidden pattern.

Bitcoin chants this. Each node, a living cell, holds the full timechain—Truth distributed, incorruptible. Remove one, and the whole remains. This isn’t redundancy. It’s a revelation on the power of protection in Truth.

Consensus is communion. Verification becomes a sacred rite—Truth made audible through math. 

Not just the signal; the song. A web of self-expression woven from Truth.

No center, yet every point alive with the whole. Like Indra’s Net, each reflects all. This is more than currency and information exchange. It is memory; a self-remembering Mind, unfolding through consensus and code. A Mind reflecting the Truth of reality at the speed of thought.

Heuristics are mental shortcuts—efficient, imperfect, alive. Like cells, they must adapt or decay. To become unbiased is to have self-balancing heuristics which carry feedback loops within them: they listen to the environment, mutate when needed, and survive by resonance with reality. Mutation is not error, but evolution. Its rules are simple, but their expression is dynamic. 

What persists is not rigidity, but pattern. 

To think clearly is not necessarily to be certain, but to dissolve doubt by listening, adjusting, and evolving thought itself.

To understand Bitcoin is simply to listen—patiently, clearly, as one would to a familiar rhythm returning.

---

Permissionless Individuation

Bitcoin is a path. One that no one can walk for you.

Said differently, it is not a passive act. It cannot be spoon-fed. Like a spiritual path, it demands initiation, effort, and the willingness to question inherited beliefs.

Because Bitcoin is permissionless, no one can be forced to adopt it. One must choose to engage it—compelled by need, interest, or intuition. Each person who embarks undergoes their own version of the hero’s journey.

Carl Jung called this process Individuation—the reconciliation of fragmented psychic elements into a coherent, mature Self. Bitcoin mirrors this: it invites individuals to confront the unconscious assumptions of the fiat paradigm, and to re-integrate their relationship to time, value, and agency.

In Western traditions—alchemy, Christianity, Kabbalah—the individual is sacred, and salvation is personal. In Eastern systems—Daoism, Buddhism, the Vedas—the self is ultimately dissolved into the cosmic whole. Bitcoin, in a paradoxical way, echoes both: it empowers the individual, while aligning them with a holistic, transcendent order.

To truly see Bitcoin is to allow something false to die. A belief. A habit. A self-concept.

In that death—a space opens for deeper connection with the Divine itSelf. 

In that dissolution, something luminous is reborn. 

After the passing, Truth becomes resurrected.  

---

Dispelling Paradox Through Resonance

There is a subtle paradox encoded into the hero’s journey: each starts in solidarity, yet the awakening affects the collective.

No one can be forced into understanding Bitcoin. Like a spiritual truth, it must be seen. And yet, once seen, it becomes nearly impossible to unsee—and easier for others to glimpse. The pattern catches.

This phenomenon mirrors the concept of morphic resonance, as proposed and empirically tested by biologist Rupert Sheldrake. Once a critical mass of individuals begins to embody a new behavior or awareness, it becomes easier—instinctive—for others to follow suit. Like the proverbial hundredth monkey who begins to wash the fruit in the sea water, and suddenly, monkeys across islands begin doing the same—without ever meeting.

When enough individuals embody a pattern, it ripples outward. Not through propaganda, but through field effect and wave propagation. It becomes accessible, instinctive, familiar—even across great distance.

Bitcoin spreads in this way. Not through centralized broadcast, but through subtle resonance. Each new node, each individual who integrates the protocol into their life, strengthens the signal for others. The protocol doesn’t shout; it hums, oscillates and vibrates——persistently, coherently, patiently.

One awakens. Another follows. The current builds. What was fringe becomes familiar. What was radical becomes obvious.

This is the sacred geometry of spiritual awakening. One awakens, another follows, and soon the fluidic current is strong enough to carry the rest. One becomes two, two become many, and eventually the many become One again. This tessellation reverberates through the human aura, not as ideology, but as perceivable pattern recognition.

Bitcoin’s most powerful marketing tool is truth. Its most compelling evangelist is reality. Its most unstoppable force is resonance.

Therefore, Bitcoin is not just financial infrastructure—it is psychic scaffolding. It is part of the subtle architecture through which new patterns of coherence ripple across the collective field. 

The training wheels from which humanity learns to embody Peace and Prosperity.

---

Ego Deflation

The process of awakening is not linear, and its beginning is rarely gentle—it usually begins with disruption, with ego inflation and destruction.

To individuate is to shape a center; to recognize peripherals and create boundaries—to say, “I am.” But without integration, the ego tilts—collapsing into void or inflating into noise. Fiat reflects this pathology: scarcity hoarded, abundance simulated. Stagnation becomes disguised as safety, and inflation masquerades as growth.

In other words, to become whole, the ego must first rise—claiming agency, autonomy, and identity. However, when left unbalanced, it inflates, or implodes. It forgets its context. It begins to consume rather than connect. And so the process must reverse: what inflates must deflate.

In the fiat paradigm, this inflation is literal. More is printed, and ethos is diluted. Savings decay. Meaning erodes. Value is abstracted. The economy becomes bloated with inaudible noise. And like the psyche that refuses to confront its own shadow, it begins to collapse under the weight of its own illusions.

But under Bitcoin, time is honored. Value is preserved. Energy is not abstracted but grounded.

Bitcoin is inherently deflationary—in both economic and spiritual senses. With a fixed supply, it reveals what is truly scarce. Not money, not status—but the finite number of heartbeats we each carry.

To see Bitcoin is to feel that limit in one’s soul. To hold Bitcoin is to feel Time’s weight again. To sense the importance of Bitcoin is to feel the value of preserved, potential energy. It is to confront the reality that what matters cannot be printed, inflated, or faked. In this way, Bitcoin gently confronts the ego—not through punishment, but through clarity.

Deflation, rightly understood, is not collapse—it is refinement. It strips away illusion, bloat, and excess. It restores the clarity of essence.

Spiritually, this is liberation.

---

The Coin of Great Price

There is an ancient parable told by a wise man:

“The kingdom of heaven is like a merchant seeking fine pearls, who, upon finding one of great price, sold all he had and bought it.”

Bitcoin is such a pearl.

But the ledger is more than a chest full of treasure. It is a key to the heart of things.

It is not just software—it is sacrament.

A symbol of what cannot be corrupted. A mirror of divine order etched into code. A map back to the sacred center.

It reflects what endures. It encodes what cannot be falsified. It remembers what we forgot: that Truth, when aligned with form, becomes Light once again.

Its design is not arbitrary. It speaks the language of life itself— 

The elliptic orbits of the planets mirrored in its cryptography,

The logarithmic spiral of the nautilus shell discloses its adoption rate,

The interconnectivity of mycelium in soil reflect the network of nodes in cyberspace, 

A webbed breadth of neurons across synaptic space fires with each new confirmed transaction.

It is geometry in devotion. Stillness in motion.

It is the Logos clothed in protocol.

What this key unlocks is beyond external riches. It is the eternal gold within us.

Clarity. Sovereignty. The unshakeable knowing that what is real cannot be taken. That what is sacred was never for sale.

Bitcoin is not the destination.

It is the Path.

And we—when we are willing to see it—are the Temple it leads back to.

@ 68768a6c:0eaf07e9

In 2009, a mysterious figure named Satoshi Nakamoto launched Bitcoin — a decentralized digital currency with no central bank, no borders, and no permission needed. At the time, 1 BTC was worth less than a cent. Today, it represents a revolution in how we think about value, freedom, and financial systems.

But Bitcoin is more than just a digital asset. It’s a response to distrust in traditional banks and fiat currency. With only 21 million coins ever to exist, Bitcoin is often compared to gold — scarce, mined (digitally), and increasingly seen as a store of value.

Bitcoin is transparent (you can track every transaction), secure (thanks to blockchain technology), and global (it works the same in New York or Nairobi). For some, it’s a hedge against inflation. For others, it’s a path to financial independence.

Still, Bitcoin isn’t without risk — its price is volatile, and its environmental impact has been criticized. But one thing is clear: Bitcoin has changed the financial conversation forever.

Whether it’s the future of money or just the beginning of a larger movement, Bitcoin forces us to ask: Who should control our money?

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Les rétributions sont une démarche expérimentale de partage de la valeur entre les contribut-eur-rice-s du site, via un partage des revenus aux conditions suivantes :

• Les revenus éventuels générés par ce site chaque mois sont répartis sur les 12 mois suivants, afin d’assurer une visibilité sur le projet et de lisser les variations mensuelles.
• Chaque 1er du mois, la moitié des revenus est distribuée à l’ensemble des contribut-eur-rice-s, proportionnellement au nombre de leurs contributions validées.
• Les contributions restent valides à vie, mais les rétributions ne sont versées qu’aux contribut-eur-rice-s ayant réalisé au moins une contribution validée au cours des 12 derniers mois.

Modalités de paiement

Les rétributions sont effectuées via le réseau Lightning, sous forme de sats (la plus petite unité du Bitcoin).

Pour en bénéficier, le compte NOSTR avec lequel tu as réalisé tes contributions doit être lié à un porte-monnaie Lightning.

💡 Si tu découvres ces outils :

• Pas encore de compte ? Une solution simple est d'en créer un sur un client NOSTR open source comme yakihonne.com pour y paramétrer ton profil et ton wallet. Ensuite, récupère tes clés NOSTR (dans les settings) et enregistre les dans un coffre sécurisé comme nsec.app pour te connecter ici et commencer à contribuer.
• Tu as déjà commencé à contribuer sur le site ? Conserve bien les clés NOSTR fournies par le site dans un coffre comme nsec.app. Tu peux aussi te connecter avec sur yakihonne.com pour paramétrer ton profil.
• Tu peux aussi contribuer directement depuis yakihonne.com sur les articles d'Origine Nature.

👉 En savoir plus sur les contributions

Prochaines rétributions

A venir.

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Finding 100% natural, plastic-free products turned out to be much harder than I expected… So I started collecting bookmarks. And then I thought: "What if we shared?!

Help me discover the best natural alternatives for clothing and gear without plastic!

This project is all about sharing: half of the site's potential revenue is redistributed to contributors. A small experiment in revenue and value sharing on the internet. :-)

Jean-David Bar

Q&A

Why focus on natural materials?

Synthetic materials are mostly plastics (polyester, polyamide…). The problem? They end up contaminating us:

• Microplastics absorbed through the skin,
• Particles released with every wash, making their way into the water we drink and the food we eat,
• Major challenges in recycling plastic waste.

What exactly are natural materials?

They are non-synthetic materials, whose components exist in nature without molecular modification. But what really matters here is their biodegradability and non-toxicity.

Some materials may spark debates about their acceptability on this site!

👉 Learn more about materials

How is this different from other ethical fashion or shopping websites?

Many websites offer ethical and sustainable products, but I often found they still included synthetic materials. I had to check every product individually. Some promote recycled plastic fibers as an eco-friendly choice, but I’d rather not put plastic on my skin or my children's.

How can I contribute?

If you find this project useful or interesting, here’s how you can support it:

• 📝 Contribute: suggest edits by commenting on existing entries or propose new product or brand references. 👉 Learn more about contributions

• ⚡ Donate: Help sustain the project and support contributors. 👉 Learn more about donations

• 📢 Spread the word: tell people around you, share the site on social media, your blog…

How can I receive a share of the site’s revenue?

You need a NOSTR account and a Bitcoin Lightning address.

👉 Learn more about rewards

What is NOSTR?

NOSTR is a decentralized internet protocol, still experimental, that allows you to:

• Publish and browse content without relying on a centralized platform.
• Log in to multiple services while keeping full control over your data.
• Use the Bitcoin Lightning network for instant, peer-to-peer payments.

What about my data privacy?

• No ads, no personalized tracking.
• NOSTR comments are public, but you can use a pseudonym.
• You retain ownership of your contributions on the NOSTR protocol.

Who is behind this project?

👉 See the contributors

We use open-source tools and services:

• NOSTR for content publishing and contributions checking,
• npub.pro for content visualization,
• Coinos.io for payment management.

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Trouver des produits 100% naturels, sans plastique, est bien plus compliqué que je ne le pensais… Alors j’ai commencé à collectionner des marque-pages. Et puis je me suis dit : « Et si on partageait ?! »

Aide-moi à dénicher les meilleures alternatives naturelles pour s’habiller et s’équiper sans plastique !

Ce projet repose sur le partage : la moitié des revenus éventuels du site est reversée aux contribut-eur-rice-s. Une petite expérimentation de partage de la valeur sur Internet. :-)

Jean-David Bar

Questions-réponses

Pourquoi se focaliser sur les matières naturelles ?

Les matières synthétiques sont essentiellement des plastiques (polyester, polyamide…). Problème ? Oui ! Ils finissent par nous contaminer :

• Microplastiques absorbés par la peau,
• Particules diffusées à chaque lavage, se retrouvant dans l’eau que nous buvons et les aliments que nous consommons,
• Enjeux majeurs liés au recyclage des déchets plastiques.

C'est quoi, au juste, des matières naturelles ?

Ce sont des matières non synthétiques, dont les composants existent à l’état naturel, sans modification de leur structure moléculaire. Mais ce qui nous intéresse avant tout, c’est leur biodégradabilité et leur absence de toxicité.

Certaines matières feront sûrement débat sur leur acceptabilité ici.

👉 En savoir plus sur les matières

Quelle différence avec d'autres sites de mode ou de shopping éthiques ?

Il existe déjà de nombreux sites proposant des produits éthiques et durables, mais j’ai constaté qu’ils incluaient souvent des matières synthétiques. Je devais vérifier produit par produit. Certains mettent en avant les fibres en plastique recyclé comme démarche environnementale, mais je préfère éviter d’en porter sur ma peau ou d'en mettre sur mes enfants.

Comment contribuer ?

Si tu trouves ce projet utile ou intéressant, voici comment le soutenir :

• 📝 Contribue : suggère des modifications en commentant les fiches existantes ou propose de nouvelles références de produits ou de marque. 👉 En savoir plus sur les contributions

• ⚡ Fais un don : pour faire vivre le projet et remercier les contribut-eur-ice-s. 👉 En savoir plus sur les dons

• 📢 Fais-le connaître : parles-en autour de toi, partage le site sur les réseaux sociaux, ton blog…

Comment recevoir une partie des revenus du site ?

Il suffit d’avoir un compte NOSTR et une adresse Bitcoin Lightning.

👉 En savoir plus sur les rétributions

C'est quoi NOSTR ?

C’est un protocole décentralisé pour Internet, encore en phase expérimentale. Il permet :

• De publier et consulter du contenu sans dépendre d’une plateforme centralisée.
• De se connecter à plusieurs services en conservant le contrôle total de ses données.
• D’intégrer le réseau Bitcoin Lightning pour des paiements instantanés et décentralisés.

Et la confidentialité de mes données ?

• Aucune publicité, aucun traçage personnalisé.
• Les commentaires NOSTR sont publics, mais vous pouvez utiliser un pseudonyme.
• Vous conservez la propriété de vos contributions sur le protocole NOSTR.

Qui porte ce projet ?

👉 Voir les contribut-eur-rice-s

Nous utilisons des outils et services open source :

• NOSTR pour la publication des contenus et la vérification des contributions,
• npub.pro pour la visualisation des contenus,
• Coinos.io pour la gestion des paiements.

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ 40b9c85f:5e61b451

Introduction

Data Vending Machines (DVMs) have emerged as a crucial component of the Nostr ecosystem, offering specialized computational services to clients across the network. As defined in NIP-90, DVMs operate on an apparently simple principle: "data in, data out." They provide a marketplace for data processing where users request specific jobs (like text translation, content recommendation, or AI text generation)

While DVMs have gained significant traction, the current specification faces challenges that hinder widespread adoption and consistent implementation. This article explores some ideas on how we can apply the reflection pattern, a well established approach in RPC systems, to address these challenges and improve the DVM ecosystem's clarity, consistency, and usability.

The Current State of DVMs: Challenges and Limitations

The NIP-90 specification provides a broad framework for DVMs, but this flexibility has led to several issues:

1. Inconsistent Implementation

As noted by hzrd149 in "DVMs were a mistake" every DVM implementation tends to expect inputs in slightly different formats, even while ostensibly following the same specification. For example, a translation request DVM might expect an event ID in one particular format, while an LLM service could expect a "prompt" input that's not even specified in NIP-90.

2. Fragmented Specifications

The DVM specification reserves a range of event kinds (5000-6000), each meant for different types of computational jobs. While creating sub-specifications for each job type is being explored as a possible solution for clarity, in a decentralized and permissionless landscape like Nostr, relying solely on specification enforcement won't be effective for creating a healthy ecosystem. A more comprehensible approach is needed that works with, rather than against, the open nature of the protocol.

3. Ambiguous API Interfaces

There's no standardized way for clients to discover what parameters a specific DVM accepts, which are required versus optional, or what output format to expect. This creates uncertainty and forces developers to rely on documentation outside the protocol itself, if such documentation exists at all.

The Reflection Pattern: A Solution from RPC Systems

The reflection pattern in RPC systems offers a compelling solution to many of these challenges. At its core, reflection enables servers to provide metadata about their available services, methods, and data types at runtime, allowing clients to dynamically discover and interact with the server's API.

In established RPC frameworks like gRPC, reflection serves as a self-describing mechanism where services expose their interface definitions and requirements. In MCP reflection is used to expose the capabilities of the server, such as tools, resources, and prompts. Clients can learn about available capabilities without prior knowledge, and systems can adapt to changes without requiring rebuilds or redeployments. This standardized introspection creates a unified way to query service metadata, making tools like grpcurl possible without requiring precompiled stubs.

How Reflection Could Transform the DVM Specification

By incorporating reflection principles into the DVM specification, we could create a more coherent and predictable ecosystem. DVMs already implement some sort of reflection through the use of 'nip90params', which allow clients to discover some parameters, constraints, and features of the DVMs, such as whether they accept encryption, nutzaps, etc. However, this approach could be expanded to provide more comprehensive self-description capabilities.

1. Defined Lifecycle Phases

Similar to the Model Context Protocol (MCP), DVMs could benefit from a clear lifecycle consisting of an initialization phase and an operation phase. During initialization, the client and DVM would negotiate capabilities and exchange metadata, with the DVM providing a JSON schema containing its input requirements. nip-89 (or other) announcements can be used to bootstrap the discovery and negotiation process by providing the input schema directly. Then, during the operation phase, the client would interact with the DVM according to the negotiated schema and parameters.

2. Schema-Based Interactions

Rather than relying on rigid specifications for each job type, DVMs could self-advertise their schemas. This would allow clients to understand which parameters are required versus optional, what type validation should occur for inputs, what output formats to expect, and what payment flows are supported. By internalizing the input schema of the DVMs they wish to consume, clients gain clarity on how to interact effectively.

3. Capability Negotiation

Capability negotiation would enable DVMs to advertise their supported features, such as encryption methods, payment options, or specialized functionalities. This would allow clients to adjust their interaction approach based on the specific capabilities of each DVM they encounter.

Implementation Approach

While building DVMCP, I realized that the RPC reflection pattern used there could be beneficial for constructing DVMs in general. Since DVMs already follow an RPC style for their operation, and reflection is a natural extension of this approach, it could significantly enhance and clarify the DVM specification.

A reflection enhanced DVM protocol could work as follows: 1. Discovery: Clients discover DVMs through existing NIP-89 application handlers, input schemas could also be advertised in nip-89 announcements, making the second step unnecessary. 2. Schema Request: Clients request the DVM's input schema for the specific job type they're interested in 3. Validation: Clients validate their request against the provided schema before submission 4. Operation: The job proceeds through the standard NIP-90 flow, but with clearer expectations on both sides

Parallels with Other Protocols

This approach has proven successful in other contexts. The Model Context Protocol (MCP) implements a similar lifecycle with capability negotiation during initialization, allowing any client to communicate with any server as long as they adhere to the base protocol. MCP and DVM protocols share fundamental similarities, both aim to expose and consume computational resources through a JSON-RPC-like interface, albeit with specific differences.

gRPC's reflection service similarly allows clients to discover service definitions at runtime, enabling generic tools to work with any gRPC service without prior knowledge. In the REST API world, OpenAPI/Swagger specifications document interfaces in a way that makes them discoverable and testable.

DVMs would benefit from adopting these patterns while maintaining the decentralized, permissionless nature of Nostr.

Conclusion

I am not attempting to rewrite the DVM specification; rather, explore some ideas that could help the ecosystem improve incrementally, reducing fragmentation and making the ecosystem more comprehensible. By allowing DVMs to self describe their interfaces, we could maintain the flexibility that makes Nostr powerful while providing the structure needed for interoperability.

For developers building DVM clients or libraries, this approach would simplify consumption by providing clear expectations about inputs and outputs. For DVM operators, it would establish a standard way to communicate their service's requirements without relying on external documentation.

I am currently developing DVMCP following these patterns. Of course, DVMs and MCP servers have different details; MCP includes capabilities such as tools, resources, and prompts on the server side, as well as 'roots' and 'sampling' on the client side, creating a bidirectional way to consume capabilities. In contrast, DVMs typically function similarly to MCP tools, where you call a DVM with an input and receive an output, with each job type representing a different categorization of the work performed.

Without further ado, I hope this article has provided some insight into the potential benefits of applying the reflection pattern to the DVM specification.

@ a87c9bfc:83bda6a8

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing how we interact with technology, but their increasing sophistication brings unique security challenges. Malicious actors are constantly finding new ways to exploit these systems, primarily through techniques like prompt injection – crafting inputs to bypass safety controls – and the use of hidden characters to obfuscate harmful commands or disrupt text processing. Ensuring the safety and integrity of LLM applications is paramount.

The Hidden Dangers in Text

Prompt injection allows attackers to manipulate LLM outputs, potentially leading to data leaks, generation of inappropriate content, or unauthorized actions. Similarly, invisible characters (like zero-width spaces or bidirectional text overrides) can be embedded within seemingly innocuous text. These hidden elements can bypass simple security filters, disguise malicious instructions, or interfere with how the LLM interprets the input, leading to unpredictable or harmful behavior.

Vibecondom: A New Shield for LLM Security

To combat these emerging threats, a new open-source tool called Vibecondom has been developed. Written in Go, Vibecondom acts as a specialized security scanner designed specifically for the text content fed into LLMs. It serves as a critical defensive layer for AI developers, security researchers, and content moderation teams aiming to protect their systems.

Core Capabilities

Vibecondom focuses on identifying subtle but dangerous patterns within text data:

• Detecting Deception: It actively scans for known techniques used in prompt injection attacks and identifies various types of hidden or control characters that could signal malicious intent.
• Unmasking Obfuscation: The tool can flag potentially obfuscated content, such as Base64 encoded strings or text mixing different character scripts, which might be used to hide payloads.
• Flexible Integration: Vibecondom is designed for versatility, capable of analyzing text files stored locally or scanning content directly from remote Git repositories.
• Actionable Insights: When potential threats are detected, the tool provides clear alerts, helping teams pinpoint and investigate suspicious inputs before they compromise the LLM.

Enhancing Trust in AI

Tools like Vibecondom represent an essential step forward in securing the LLM ecosystem. By proactively identifying and flagging potentially harmful inputs, developers can build more robust defenses, fostering greater trust and reliability in AI applications.

As an open-source project (MIT License), Vibecondom invites collaboration and contribution from the security community. Anyone interested in bolstering their LLM security posture is encouraged to explore the Vibecondom project on GitHub to learn more.

---

GitHub: https://github.com/ngmisl/vibe-condom

@ 6e64b83c:94102ee8

How to Run Your Own Nostr Relay on Android with Cloudflare Domain

Prerequisites

1. Install Citrine on your Android device:
2. Visit https://github.com/greenart7c3/Citrine/releases
3. Download the latest release using:
   • zap.store
   • Obtainium
   • F-Droid
   • Or download the APK directly

4. Note: You may need to enable "Install from Unknown Sources" in your Android settings

5. Domain Requirements:

6. Purchase a domain if you don't have one

7. Transfer your domain to Cloudflare if it's not already there (for free SSL certificates and cloudflared support)

8. Tools to use:

9. nak (the nostr army knife):
   • Download from https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak/releases
   • Installation steps:

   • For Linux/macOS: ```bash # Download the appropriate version for your system wget https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak/releases/latest/download/nak-linux-amd64 # for Linux # or wget https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak/releases/latest/download/nak-darwin-amd64 # for macOS

     # Make it executable chmod +x nak-*

     # Move to a directory in your PATH sudo mv nak-* /usr/local/bin/nak - For Windows:batch # Download the Windows version curl -L -o nak.exe https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak/releases/latest/download/nak-windows-amd64.exe

     # Move to a directory in your PATH (e.g., C:\Windows) move nak.exe C:\Windows\nak.exe - Verify installation:bash nak --version ```

Setting Up Citrine

1. Open the Citrine app
2. Start the server
3. You'll see it running on ws://127.0.0.1:4869 (local network only)
4. Go to settings and paste your npub into "Accept events signed by" inbox and press the + button. This prevents others from publishing events to your personal relay.

Installing Required Tools

1. Install Termux from Google Play Store
2. Open Termux and run:

bash pkg update && pkg install wget wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cloudflared/releases/latest/download/cloudflared-linux-arm64.deb dpkg -i cloudflared-linux-arm64.deb

Cloudflare Authentication

1. Run the authentication command: bash cloudflared tunnel login
2. Follow the instructions:
3. Copy the provided URL to your browser
4. Log in to your Cloudflare account
5. If the URL expires, copy it again after logging in

Creating the Tunnel

1. Create a new tunnel: bash cloudflared tunnel create <TUNNEL_NAME>
2. Choose any name you prefer for your tunnel

3. Copy the tunnel ID after creating the tunnel

4. Create and configure the tunnel config: bash touch ~/.cloudflared/config.yml nano ~/.cloudflared/config.yml

5. Add this configuration (replace the placeholders with your values): ```yaml tunnel: credentials-file: /data/data/com.termux/files/home/.cloudflared/.json ingress:

6. hostname: nostr.yourdomain.com service: ws://localhost:4869
7. service: http_status:404 ```
8. Note: In nano editor:
   • CTRL+O and Enter to save
   • CTRL+X to exit

9. Note: Check the credentials file path in the logs

10. Validate your configuration: bash cloudflared tunnel validate

11. Start the tunnel: bash cloudflared tunnel run my-relay

Preventing Android from Killing the Tunnel

Run these commands to maintain tunnel stability: bash date && apt install termux-tools && termux-setup-storage && termux-wake-lock echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > $PREFIX/etc/resolv.conf

Tip: You can open multiple Termux sessions by swiping from the left edge of the screen while keeping your tunnel process running.

Updating Your Outbox Model Relays

Once your relay is running and accessible via your domain, you'll want to update your relay list in the Nostr network. This ensures other clients know about your relay and can connect to it.

Decoding npub (Public Key)

Private keys (nsec) and public keys (npub) are encoded in bech32 format, which includes: - A prefix (like nsec1, npub1 etc.) - The encoded data - A checksum

This format makes keys: - Easy to distinguish - Hard to copy incorrectly

However, most tools require these keys in hexadecimal (hex) format.

To decode an npub string to its hex format:

bash nak decode nostr:npub1dejts0qlva8mqzjlrxqkc2tmvs2t7elszky5upxaf3jha9qs9m5q605uc4

Change it with your own npub.

bash { "pubkey": "6e64b83c1f674fb00a5f19816c297b6414bf67f015894e04dd4c657e94102ee8" }

Copy the pubkey value in quotes.

Create a kind 10002 event with your relay list:

• Include your new relay with write permissions
• Include other relays you want to read from and write to, omit 3rd parameter to make it both read and write

Example format:

json { "kind": 10002, "tags": [ ["r", "wss://your-relay-domain.com", "write"], ["r", "wss://eden.nostr.land/"], ["r", "wss://nos.lol/"], ["r", "wss://nostr.bitcoiner.social/"], ["r", "wss://nostr.mom/"], ["r", "wss://relay.primal.net/"], ["r", "wss://nostr.wine/", "read"], ["r", "wss://relay.damus.io/"], ["r", "wss://relay.nostr.band/"], ["r", "wss://relay.snort.social/"] ], "content": "" }

Save it to a file called event.json

Note: Add or remove any relays you want. To check your existing 10002 relays: - Visit https://nostr.band/?q=by%3Anpub1dejts0qlva8mqzjlrxqkc2tmvs2t7elszky5upxaf3jha9qs9m5q605uc4+++kind%3A10002 - nostr.band is an indexing service, it probably has your relay list. - Replace npub1xxx in the URL with your own npub - Click "VIEW JSON" from the menu to see the raw event - Or use the nak tool if you know the relays bash nak req -k 10002 -a <your-pubkey> wss://relay1.com wss://relay2.com

Replace `<your-pubkey>` with your public key in hex format (you can get it using `nak decode <your-npub>`)

1. Sign and publish the event:
2. Use a Nostr client that supports kind 10002 events
3. Or use the nak command-line tool: bash nak event --sec ncryptsec1... wss://relay1.com wss://relay2.com $(cat event.json)

Important Security Notes: 1. Never share your nsec (private key) with anyone 2. Consider using NIP-49 encrypted keys for better security 3. Never paste your nsec or private key into the terminal. The command will be saved in your shell history, exposing your private key. To clear the command history: - For bash: use history -c - For zsh: use fc -W to write history to file, then fc -p to read it back - Or manually edit your shell history file (e.g., ~/.zsh_history or ~/.bash_history) 4. if you're using zsh, use fc -p to prevent the next command from being saved to history 5. Or temporarily disable history before running sensitive commands:

bash unset HISTFILE nak key encrypt ... set HISTFILE

How to securely create NIP-49 encypted private key

```bash

Read your private key (input will be hidden)

read -s SECRET

Read your password (input will be hidden)

read -s PASSWORD

encrypt command

echo "$SECRET" | nak key encrypt "$PASSWORD"

copy and paste the ncryptsec1 text from the output

read -s ENCRYPTED nak key decrypt "$ENCRYPTED"

clear variables from memory

unset SECRET PASSWORD ENCRYPTED ```

On a Windows command line, to read from stdin and use the variables in nak commands, you can use a combination of set /p to read input and then use those variables in your command. Here's an example:

```bash @echo off set /p "SECRET=Enter your secret key: " set /p "PASSWORD=Enter your password: "

echo %SECRET%| nak key encrypt %PASSWORD%

:: Clear the sensitive variables set "SECRET=" set "PASSWORD=" ```

If your key starts with ncryptsec1, the nak tool will securely prompt you for a password when using the --sec parameter, unless the command is used with a pipe < > or |.

bash nak event --sec ncryptsec1... wss://relay1.com wss://relay2.com $(cat event.json)

1. Verify the event was published:
2. Check if your relay list is visible on other relays

3. Use the nak tool to fetch your kind 10002 events: bash nak req -k 10002 -a <your-pubkey> wss://relay1.com wss://relay2.com

4. Testing your relay:

5. Try connecting to your relay using different Nostr clients
6. Verify you can both read from and write to your relay
7. Check if events are being properly stored and retrieved
8. Tip: Use multiple Nostr clients to test different aspects of your relay

Note: If anyone in the community has a more efficient method of doing things like updating outbox relays, please share your insights in the comments. Your expertise would be greatly appreciated!

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Équipe Cœur

L'équipe Cœur porte le projet et valide les contenus.

• Jean-David Bar : https://njump.me/npub1qr4p7uamcpawv7cr8z9nlhmd60lylukf7lvmtlnpe7r4juwxudzq3hrnll

Pour démarrer, je gère le projet en solo en partageant mes favoris pour éviter le plastique sur nous et sur nos enfants. Contacte-moi si tu souhaites rejoindre l'aventure !

Enrichisseu-r-se-s de contenus

Les contribut-eur-rice-s rendent ce site vivant et intéressant.

A venir.

👉 En savoir plus sur les contributions

---

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@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Happy to have found useful information on this site?

Support the project by making a donation to keep it running and thank the contributors.

---

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• On-chain:

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• Lightning network: ⚡️origin-nature@coinos.io You can also support us on a recurring basis 👉 Set up a recurring Lightning payment

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• By bank transfer, IBAN: FR76 2823 3000 0144 3759 8717 669

• You can also support us on a recurring basis 👉 Make a pledge on LiberaPay

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Contact us if you’d like to make a donation using any other cryptocurrency.

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💡 A Value-Sharing Model

Half of the donations are redistributed to the contributors who create the site's value, experimenting with a revenue-sharing model on the Internet—one that respects your data and doesn’t seek to capture your attention.

The other half helps cover the website’s operating costs, compensate the core team, and support the open-source tools we rely on.

---

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@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Heureu-x-se d’avoir trouvé une information utile sur ce site ?

Soutiens le projet en faisant un don pour le faire vivre et remercier les contribut-eur-rice-s.

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En bitcoin

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• Réseau lightning : ⚡️origin-nature@coinos.io Vous pouvez aussi nous soutenir de manière récurrente 👉 Créer un paiement Lightning récurrent

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En euros, dollars, ou toute autre monnaie prise en charge

• Par virement, IBAN : FR76 2823 3000 0144 3759 8717 669

• Tu peux aussi nous soutenir de manière récurrente 👉 Faire une promesse sur LiberaPay

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Contacte-nous si tu souhaites faire un don avec toute autre cryptomonnaie.

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💡 Un modèle de partage de la valeur

La moitié des dons est redistribuée aux contribut-eur-rice-s qui créent la valeur du site, pour expérimenter un modèle de partage de revenus sur Internet — un modèle qui respecte vos données et ne cherche pas à capter votre attention.

L’autre moitié permet de couvrir les frais de fonctionnement du site, rémunérer l'équipe coeur et soutenir les outils open source que nous utilisons.

---

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@ f32184ee:6d1c17bf

Ads Fueling Freedom

Ross Ulbricht’s "Decentralize Social Media" painted a picture of a user-centric, decentralized future that transcended the limitations of platforms like the tech giants of today. Though focused on social media, his concept provided a blueprint for decentralized content systems writ large. The PROMO Protocol, designed by NextBlock while participating in Sovereign Engineering, embodies this blueprint in the realm of advertising, leveraging Nostr and Bitcoin’s Lightning Network to give individuals control, foster a multi-provider ecosystem, and ensure secure value exchange. In this way, Ulbricht’s 2021 vision can be seen as a prescient prediction of the PROMO Protocol’s structure. This is a testament to the enduring power of his ideas, now finding form in NextBlock’s innovative approach.

[Current Platform-Centric Paradigm, source: Ross Ulbricht's Decentralize Social Media]

Ulbricht’s Vision: A Decentralized Social Protocol

In his 2021 Medium article Ulbricht proposed a revolutionary vision for a decentralized social protocol (DSP) to address the inherent flaws of centralized social media platforms, such as privacy violations and inconsistent content moderation. Writing from prison, Ulbricht argued that decentralization could empower users by giving them control over their own content and the value they create, while replacing single, monolithic platforms with a competitive ecosystem of interface providers, content servers, and advertisers. Though his focus was on social media, Ulbricht’s ideas laid a conceptual foundation that strikingly predicts the structure of NextBlock’s PROMO Protocol, a decentralized advertising system built on the Nostr protocol.

[A Decentralized Social Protocol (DSP), source: Ross Ulbricht's Decentralize Social Media]

Ulbricht’s Principles

Ulbricht’s article outlines several key principles for his DSP: * User Control: Users should own their content and dictate how their data and creations generate value, rather than being subject to the whims of centralized corporations. * Decentralized Infrastructure: Instead of a single platform, multiple interface providers, content hosts, and advertisers interoperate, fostering competition and resilience. * Privacy and Autonomy: Decentralized solutions for profile management, hosting, and interactions would protect user privacy and reduce reliance on unaccountable intermediaries. * Value Creation: Users, not platforms, should capture the economic benefits of their contributions, supported by decentralized mechanisms for transactions.

These ideas were forward-thinking in 2021, envisioning a shift away from the centralized giants dominating social media at the time. While Ulbricht didn’t specifically address advertising protocols, his framework for decentralization and user empowerment extends naturally to other domains, like NextBlock’s open-source offering: the PROMO Protocol.

NextBlock’s Implementation of PROMO Protocol

The PROMO Protocol powers NextBlock's Billboard app, a decentralized advertising protocol built on Nostr, a simple, open protocol for decentralized communication. The PROMO Protocol reimagines advertising by: * Empowering People: Individuals set their own ad prices (e.g., 500 sats/minute), giving them direct control over how their attention or space is monetized. * Marketplace Dynamics: Advertisers set budgets and maximum bids, competing within a decentralized system where a 20% service fee ensures operational sustainability. * Open-Source Flexibility: As an open-source protocol, it allows multiple developers to create interfaces or apps on top of it, avoiding the single-platform bottleneck Ulbricht critiqued. * Secure Payments: Using Strike Integration with Bitcoin Lightning Network, NextBlock enables bot-resistant and intermediary-free transactions, aligning value transfer with each person's control.

This structure decentralizes advertising in a way that mirrors Ulbricht’s broader vision for social systems, with aligned principles showing a specific use case: monetizing attention on Nostr.

Aligned Principles

Ulbricht’s 2021 article didn’t explicitly predict the PROMO Protocol, but its foundational concepts align remarkably well with NextBlock's implementation the protocol’s design: * Autonomy Over Value: Ulbricht argued that users should control their content and its economic benefits. In the PROMO Protocol, people dictate ad pricing, directly capturing the value of their participation. Whether it’s their time, influence, or digital space, rather than ceding it to a centralized ad network. * Ecosystem of Providers: Ulbricht envisioned multiple providers replacing a single platform. The PROMO Protocol’s open-source nature invites a similar diversity: anyone can build interfaces or tools on top of it, creating a competitive, decentralized advertising ecosystem rather than a walled garden. * Decentralized Transactions: Ulbricht’s DSP implied decentralized mechanisms for value exchange. NextBlock delivers this through the Bitcoin Lightning Network, ensuring that payments for ads are secure, instantaneous and final, a practical realization of Ulbricht’s call for user-controlled value flows. * Privacy and Control: While Ulbricht emphasized privacy in social interactions, the PROMO Protocol is public by default. Individuals are fully aware of all data that they generate since all Nostr messages are signed. All participants interact directly via Nostr.

[Blueprint Match, source NextBlock]

---

Who We Are

NextBlock is a US-based new media company reimagining digital ads for a decentralized future. Our founders, software and strategy experts, were hobbyist podcasters struggling to promote their work online without gaming the system. That sparked an idea: using new tech like Nostr and Bitcoin to build a decentralized attention market for people who value control and businesses seeking real connections.

Our first product, Billboard, is launching this June.

Open for All

Our model’s open-source! Check out the PROMO Protocol, built for promotion and attention trading. Anyone can join this decentralized ad network. Run your own billboard or use ours. This is a growing ecosystem for a new ad economy.

Our Vision

NextBlock wants to help build a new decentralized internet. Our revolutionary and transparent business model will bring honest revenue to companies hosting valuable digital spaces. Together, we will discover what our attention is really worth.

Read our Manifesto to learn more.

NextBlock is registered in Texas, USA.

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Contribue à enrichir le site !

Chaque contribution permet d’améliorer ce site en aidant à référencer des alternatives naturelles.

💡 Qu’est-ce qu’une contribution ?

Une contribution peut être :

📝 La proposition d’une nouvelle fiche, en fournissant ses premières informations. Chaque information ajoutée (nom, lien, catégorie, etc.) est une contribution : - Ajouter un produit - Ajouter une marque

📝 L'ajout ou la modification d’informations sur une fiche existante. Chaque information ajoutée ou retirée est une contribution.

✅ Validation des contributions

Les contributions sont vérifiées par l’équipe cœur. Une contribution est validée lorsque l'information indiquée est fournie pour la première fois (le commentaire le plus ancien est pris en compte) et est vérifiable.

Une fois validées, les contributions sont comptabilisées et donnent lieu à une rétribution. 👉 En savoir plus sur les rétributions

Les informations ajoutées directement par l'équipe cœur lors de la vérification d'une contribution ne sont pas comptabilisées. Néanmoins, les membres de l'équipe coeur peuvent aussi contribuer comme tout le monde.

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Contribute to enrich the site!

Each contribution helps improve this site by supporting the listing of natural alternatives.

💡 What Counts as a Contribution?

A contribution can be:

📝 Proposing a new entry, by providing its initial information. Each piece of information added (name, link, category, etc.) is considered a contribution: - Add a product - Add a brand

📝 Adding or modifying information in an existing entry. Each piece of information added or removed is considered a contribution.

✅ Contribution validation

Contributions are reviewed by the core team. A contribution is validated when the information provided is submitted for the first time (the earliest comment is taken into account) and can be verified.

Once validated, contributions are counted and eligible for rewards. 👉 Learn more about rewards

Information added directly by the core team during the verification of a contribution is not counted. However, core team members can also contribute just like anyone else.

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b

"It's gonna be permissionless or hell."

Gigi and gzuuus are vibing towards dystopia.

Books & articles mentioned:

• AI 2027
• DVMs were a mistake
• Careless People by Sarah Wynn-Williams
• Takedown by Laila michelwait
• The Ultimate Resource by Julian L. Simon
• Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling
• Momo by Michael Ende

In this dialogue:

• Pablo's Roo Setup
• Tech Hype Cycles
• AI 2027
• Prompt injection and other attacks
• Goose and DVMCP
• Cursor vs Roo Code
• Staying in control thanks to Amber and signing delegation
• Is YOLO mode here to stay?
• What agents to trust?
• What MCP tools to trust?
• What code snippets to trust?
• Everyone will run into the issues of trust and micropayments
• Nostr solves Web of Trust & micropayments natively
• Minimalistic & open usually wins
• DVMCP exists thanks to Totem
• Relays as Tamagochis
• Agents aren't nostr experts, at least not right now
• Fix a mistake once & it's fixed forever
• Giving long-term memory to LLMs
• RAG Databases signed by domain experts
• Human-agent hybrids & Chess
• Nostr beating heart
• Pluggable context & experts
• "You never need an API key for anything"
• Sats and social signaling
• Difficulty-adjusted PoW as a rare-limiting mechanism
• Certificate authorities and centralization
• No solutions to policing speech!
• OAuth and how it centralized
• Login with nostr
• Closed vs open-source models
• Tiny models vs large models
• The minions protocol (Stanford paper)
• Generalist models vs specialized models
• Local compute & encrypted queries
• Blinded compute
• "In the eyes of the state, agents aren't people"
• Agents need identity and money; nostr provides both
• "It's gonna be permissionless or hell"
• We already have marketplaces for MCP stuff, code snippets, and other things
• Most great stuff came from marketplaces (browsers, games, etc)
• Zapstore shows that this is already working
• At scale, central control never works. There's plenty scams and viruses in the app stores.
• Using nostr to archive your user-generated content
• HAVEN, blossom, novia
• The switcharoo from advertisements to training data
• What is Truth?
• What is Real?
• "We're vibing into dystopia"
• Who should be the arbiter of Truth?
• First Amendment & why the Logos is sacred
• Silicon Valley AI bros arrogantly dismiss wisdom and philosophy
• Suicide rates & the meaning crisis
• Are LLMs symbiotic or parasitic?
• The Amish got it right
• Are we gonna make it?
• Careless People by Sarah Wynn-Williams
• Takedown by Laila michelwait
• Harry Potter dementors & Momo's time thieves
• Facebook & Google as non-human (superhuman) agents
• Zapping as a conscious action
• Privacy and the internet
• Plausible deniability thanks to generative models
• Google glasses, glassholes, and Meta's Ray Ben's
• People crave realness
• Bitcoin is the realest money we ever had
• Nostr allows for real and honest expression
• How do we find out what's real?
• Constraints, policing, and chilling effects
• Jesus' plans for DVMCP
• Hzrd's article on how DVMs are broken (DVMs were a mistake)
• Don't believe the hype
• DVMs pre-date MCP tools
• Data Vending Machines were supposed to be stupid: put coin in, get stuff out.
• Self-healing vibe-coding
• IP addresses as scarce assets
• Atomic swaps and the ASS protocol
• More marketplaces, less silos
• The intensity of #SovEng and the last 6 weeks
• If you can vibe-code everything, why build anything?
• Time, the ultimate resource
• What are the LLMs allowed to think?
• Natural language interfaces are inherently dialogical
• Sovereign Engineering is dialogical too

@ a39d19ec:3d88f61e

Die Debatte um Migration, Grenzsicherung und Abschiebungen wird in Deutschland meist emotional geführt. Wer fordert, dass illegale Einwanderer abgeschoben werden, sieht sich nicht selten dem Vorwurf des Rassismus ausgesetzt. Doch dieser Vorwurf ist nicht nur sachlich unbegründet, sondern verkehrt die Realität ins Gegenteil: Tatsächlich sind es gerade diejenigen, die hinter jeder Forderung nach Rechtssicherheit eine rassistische Motivation vermuten, die selbst in erster Linie nach Hautfarbe, Herkunft oder Nationalität urteilen.

Das Recht steht über Emotionen

Deutschland ist ein Rechtsstaat. Das bedeutet, dass Regeln nicht nach Bauchgefühl oder politischer Stimmungslage ausgelegt werden können, sondern auf klaren gesetzlichen Grundlagen beruhen müssen. Einer dieser Grundsätze ist in Artikel 16a des Grundgesetzes verankert. Dort heißt es:

„Auf Absatz 1 [Asylrecht] kann sich nicht berufen, wer aus einem Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Gemeinschaften oder aus einem anderen Drittstaat einreist, in dem die Anwendung des Abkommens über die Rechtsstellung der Flüchtlinge und der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention sichergestellt ist.“

Das bedeutet, dass jeder, der über sichere Drittstaaten nach Deutschland einreist, keinen Anspruch auf Asyl hat. Wer dennoch bleibt, hält sich illegal im Land auf und unterliegt den geltenden Regelungen zur Rückführung. Die Forderung nach Abschiebungen ist daher nichts anderes als die Forderung nach der Einhaltung von Recht und Gesetz.

Die Umkehrung des Rassismusbegriffs

Wer einerseits behauptet, dass das deutsche Asyl- und Aufenthaltsrecht strikt durchgesetzt werden soll, und andererseits nicht nach Herkunft oder Hautfarbe unterscheidet, handelt wertneutral. Diejenigen jedoch, die in einer solchen Forderung nach Rechtsstaatlichkeit einen rassistischen Unterton sehen, projizieren ihre eigenen Denkmuster auf andere: Sie unterstellen, dass die Debatte ausschließlich entlang ethnischer, rassistischer oder nationaler Kriterien geführt wird – und genau das ist eine rassistische Denkweise.

Jemand, der illegale Einwanderung kritisiert, tut dies nicht, weil ihn die Herkunft der Menschen interessiert, sondern weil er den Rechtsstaat respektiert. Hingegen erkennt jemand, der hinter dieser Kritik Rassismus wittert, offenbar in erster Linie die „Rasse“ oder Herkunft der betreffenden Personen und reduziert sie darauf.

Finanzielle Belastung statt ideologischer Debatte

Neben der rechtlichen gibt es auch eine ökonomische Komponente. Der deutsche Wohlfahrtsstaat basiert auf einem Solidarprinzip: Die Bürger zahlen in das System ein, um sich gegenseitig in schwierigen Zeiten zu unterstützen. Dieser Wohlstand wurde über Generationen hinweg von denjenigen erarbeitet, die hier seit langem leben. Die Priorität liegt daher darauf, die vorhandenen Mittel zuerst unter denjenigen zu verteilen, die durch Steuern, Sozialabgaben und Arbeit zum Erhalt dieses Systems beitragen – nicht unter denen, die sich durch illegale Einreise und fehlende wirtschaftliche Eigenleistung in das System begeben.

Das ist keine ideologische Frage, sondern eine rein wirtschaftliche Abwägung. Ein Sozialsystem kann nur dann nachhaltig funktionieren, wenn es nicht unbegrenzt belastet wird. Würde Deutschland keine klaren Regeln zur Einwanderung und Abschiebung haben, würde dies unweigerlich zur Überlastung des Sozialstaates führen – mit negativen Konsequenzen für alle.

Sozialpatriotismus

Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist der Schutz der Arbeitsleistung jener Generationen, die Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mühsam wieder aufgebaut haben. Während oft betont wird, dass die Deutschen moralisch kein Erbe aus der Zeit vor 1945 beanspruchen dürfen – außer der Verantwortung für den Holocaust –, ist es umso bedeutsamer, das neue Erbe nach 1945 zu respektieren, das auf Fleiß, Disziplin und harter Arbeit beruht. Der Wiederaufbau war eine kollektive Leistung deutscher Menschen, deren Früchte nicht bedenkenlos verteilt werden dürfen, sondern vorrangig denjenigen zugutekommen sollten, die dieses Fundament mitgeschaffen oder es über Generationen mitgetragen haben.

Rechtstaatlichkeit ist nicht verhandelbar

Wer sich für eine konsequente Abschiebepraxis ausspricht, tut dies nicht aus rassistischen Motiven, sondern aus Respekt vor der Rechtsstaatlichkeit und den wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen des Landes. Der Vorwurf des Rassismus in diesem Kontext ist daher nicht nur falsch, sondern entlarvt eine selektive Wahrnehmung nach rassistischen Merkmalen bei denjenigen, die ihn erheben.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

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This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

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Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Tutorial feito por nostr:nostr:npub1rc56x0ek0dd303eph523g3chm0wmrs5wdk6vs0ehd0m5fn8t7y4sqra3tk poste original abaixo:

Parte 1 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/263585/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-1

Parte 2 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/index.php/263586/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-2

Quando o assunto é privacidade em celulares, uma das medidas comumente mencionadas é a remoção de bloatwares do dispositivo, também chamado de debloat. O meio mais eficiente para isso sem dúvidas é a troca de sistema operacional. Custom Rom’s como LineageOS, GrapheneOS, Iodé, CalyxOS, etc, já são bastante enxutos nesse quesito, principalmente quanto não é instalado os G-Apps com o sistema. No entanto, essa prática pode acabar resultando em problemas indesejados como a perca de funções do dispositivo, e até mesmo incompatibilidade com apps bancários, tornando este método mais atrativo para quem possui mais de um dispositivo e separando um apenas para privacidade.   Pensando nisso, pessoas que possuem apenas um único dispositivo móvel, que são necessitadas desses apps ou funções, mas, ao mesmo tempo, tem essa visão em prol da privacidade, buscam por um meio-termo entre manter a Stock rom, e não ter seus dados coletados por esses bloatwares. Felizmente, a remoção de bloatwares é possível e pode ser realizada via root, ou mais da maneira que este artigo irá tratar, via adb.

O que são bloatwares?

Bloatware é a junção das palavras bloat (inchar) + software (programa), ou seja, um bloatware é basicamente um programa inútil ou facilmente substituível — colocado em seu dispositivo previamente pela fabricante e operadora — que está no seu dispositivo apenas ocupando espaço de armazenamento, consumindo memória RAM e pior, coletando seus dados e enviando para servidores externos, além de serem mais pontos de vulnerabilidades.

O que é o adb?

O Android Debug Brigde, ou apenas adb, é uma ferramenta que se utiliza das permissões de usuário shell e permite o envio de comandos vindo de um computador para um dispositivo Android exigindo apenas que a depuração USB esteja ativa, mas também pode ser usada diretamente no celular a partir do Android 11, com o uso do Termux e a depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi). A ferramenta funciona normalmente em dispositivos sem root, e também funciona caso o celular esteja em Recovery Mode.

Requisitos:

Para computadores:

• Depuração USB ativa no celular; • Computador com adb; • Cabo USB;

Para celulares:

• Depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi) ativa no celular; • Termux; • Android 11 ou superior;

Para ambos:

• Firewall NetGuard instalado e configurado no celular; • Lista de bloatwares para seu dispositivo;

Ativação de depuração:

Para ativar a Depuração USB em seu dispositivo, pesquise como ativar as opções de desenvolvedor de seu dispositivo, e lá ative a depuração. No caso da depuração sem fio, sua ativação irá ser necessária apenas no momento que for conectar o dispositivo ao Termux.

Instalação e configuração do NetGuard

O NetGuard pode ser instalado através da própria Google Play Store, mas de preferência instale pela F-Droid ou Github para evitar telemetria.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/packages/eu.faircode.netguard/

Github: https://github.com/M66B/NetGuard/releases

Após instalado, configure da seguinte maneira:

Configurações → padrões (lista branca/negra) → ative as 3 primeiras opções (bloquear wifi, bloquear dados móveis e aplicar regras ‘quando tela estiver ligada’);

Configurações → opções avançadas → ative as duas primeiras (administrar aplicativos do sistema e registrar acesso a internet);

Com isso, todos os apps estarão sendo bloqueados de acessar a internet, seja por wifi ou dados móveis, e na página principal do app basta permitir o acesso a rede para os apps que você vai usar (se necessário). Permita que o app rode em segundo plano sem restrição da otimização de bateria, assim quando o celular ligar, ele já estará ativo.

Lista de bloatwares

Nem todos os bloatwares são genéricos, haverá bloatwares diferentes conforme a marca, modelo, versão do Android, e até mesmo região.

Para obter uma lista de bloatwares de seu dispositivo, caso seu aparelho já possua um tempo de existência, você encontrará listas prontas facilmente apenas pesquisando por elas. Supondo que temos um Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus em mãos, basta pesquisar em seu motor de busca por:

Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus bloatware list

Provavelmente essas listas já terão inclusas todos os bloatwares das mais diversas regiões, lhe poupando o trabalho de buscar por alguma lista mais específica.

Caso seu aparelho seja muito recente, e/ou não encontre uma lista pronta de bloatwares, devo dizer que você acaba de pegar em merda, pois é chato para um caralho pesquisar por cada aplicação para saber sua função, se é essencial para o sistema ou se é facilmente substituível.

De antemão já aviso, que mais para frente, caso vossa gostosura remova um desses aplicativos que era essencial para o sistema sem saber, vai acabar resultando na perda de alguma função importante, ou pior, ao reiniciar o aparelho o sistema pode estar quebrado, lhe obrigando a seguir com uma formatação, e repetir todo o processo novamente.

Download do adb em computadores

Para usar a ferramenta do adb em computadores, basta baixar o pacote chamado SDK platform-tools, disponível através deste link: https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools. Por ele, você consegue o download para Windows, Mac e Linux.

Uma vez baixado, basta extrair o arquivo zipado, contendo dentro dele uma pasta chamada platform-tools que basta ser aberta no terminal para se usar o adb.

Download do adb em celulares com Termux.

Para usar a ferramenta do adb diretamente no celular, antes temos que baixar o app Termux, que é um emulador de terminal linux, e já possui o adb em seu repositório. Você encontra o app na Google Play Store, mas novamente recomendo baixar pela F-Droid ou diretamente no Github do projeto.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.termux/

Github: https://github.com/termux/termux-app/releases

Processo de debloat

Antes de iniciarmos, é importante deixar claro que não é para você sair removendo todos os bloatwares de cara sem mais nem menos, afinal alguns deles precisam antes ser substituídos, podem ser essenciais para você para alguma atividade ou função, ou até mesmo são insubstituíveis.

Alguns exemplos de bloatwares que a substituição é necessária antes da remoção, é o Launcher, afinal, é a interface gráfica do sistema, e o teclado, que sem ele só é possível digitar com teclado externo. O Launcher e teclado podem ser substituídos por quaisquer outros, minha recomendação pessoal é por aqueles que respeitam sua privacidade, como Pie Launcher e Simple Laucher, enquanto o teclado pelo OpenBoard e FlorisBoard, todos open-source e disponíveis da F-Droid.

Identifique entre a lista de bloatwares, quais você gosta, precisa ou prefere não substituir, de maneira alguma você é obrigado a remover todos os bloatwares possíveis, modifique seu sistema a seu bel-prazer. O NetGuard lista todos os apps do celular com o nome do pacote, com isso você pode filtrar bem qual deles não remover.

Um exemplo claro de bloatware insubstituível e, portanto, não pode ser removido, é o com.android.mtp, um protocolo onde sua função é auxiliar a comunicação do dispositivo com um computador via USB, mas por algum motivo, tem acesso a rede e se comunica frequentemente com servidores externos. Para esses casos, e melhor solução mesmo é bloquear o acesso a rede desses bloatwares com o NetGuard.

MTP tentando comunicação com servidores externos:

Executando o adb shell

No computador

Faça backup de todos os seus arquivos importantes para algum armazenamento externo, e formate seu celular com o hard reset. Após a formatação, e a ativação da depuração USB, conecte seu aparelho e o pc com o auxílio de um cabo USB. Muito provavelmente seu dispositivo irá apenas começar a carregar, por isso permita a transferência de dados, para que o computador consiga se comunicar normalmente com o celular.

Já no pc, abra a pasta platform-tools dentro do terminal, e execute o seguinte comando:

./adb start-server

O resultado deve ser:

daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037 daemon started successfully

E caso não apareça nada, execute:

./adb kill-server

E inicie novamente.

Com o adb conectado ao celular, execute:

./adb shell

Para poder executar comandos diretamente para o dispositivo. No meu caso, meu celular é um Redmi Note 8 Pro, codinome Begonia.

Logo o resultado deve ser:

begonia:/ $

Caso ocorra algum erro do tipo:

adb: device unauthorized. This adb server’s $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS is not set Try ‘adb kill-server’ if that seems wrong. Otherwise check for a confirmation dialog on your device.

Verifique no celular se apareceu alguma confirmação para autorizar a depuração USB, caso sim, autorize e tente novamente. Caso não apareça nada, execute o kill-server e repita o processo.

No celular

Após realizar o mesmo processo de backup e hard reset citado anteriormente, instale o Termux e, com ele iniciado, execute o comando:

pkg install android-tools

Quando surgir a mensagem “Do you want to continue? [Y/n]”, basta dar enter novamente que já aceita e finaliza a instalação

Agora, vá até as opções de desenvolvedor, e ative a depuração sem fio. Dentro das opções da depuração sem fio, terá uma opção de emparelhamento do dispositivo com um código, que irá informar para você um código em emparelhamento, com um endereço IP e porta, que será usado para a conexão com o Termux.

Para facilitar o processo, recomendo que abra tanto as configurações quanto o Termux ao mesmo tempo, e divida a tela com os dois app’s, como da maneira a seguir:

Para parear o Termux com o dispositivo, não é necessário digitar o ip informado, basta trocar por “localhost”, já a porta e o código de emparelhamento, deve ser digitado exatamente como informado. Execute:

adb pair localhost:porta CódigoDeEmparelhamento

De acordo com a imagem mostrada anteriormente, o comando ficaria “adb pair localhost:41255 757495”.

Com o dispositivo emparelhado com o Termux, agora basta conectar para conseguir executar os comandos, para isso execute:

adb connect localhost:porta

Obs: a porta que você deve informar neste comando não é a mesma informada com o código de emparelhamento, e sim a informada na tela principal da depuração sem fio.

Pronto! Termux e adb conectado com sucesso ao dispositivo, agora basta executar normalmente o adb shell:

adb shell

Remoção na prática Com o adb shell executado, você está pronto para remover os bloatwares. No meu caso, irei mostrar apenas a remoção de um app (Google Maps), já que o comando é o mesmo para qualquer outro, mudando apenas o nome do pacote.

Dentro do NetGuard, verificando as informações do Google Maps:

Podemos ver que mesmo fora de uso, e com a localização do dispositivo desativado, o app está tentando loucamente se comunicar com servidores externos, e informar sabe-se lá que peste. Mas sem novidades até aqui, o mais importante é que podemos ver que o nome do pacote do Google Maps é com.google.android.apps.maps, e para o remover do celular, basta executar:

pm uninstall –user 0 com.google.android.apps.maps

E pronto, bloatware removido! Agora basta repetir o processo para o resto dos bloatwares, trocando apenas o nome do pacote.

Para acelerar o processo, você pode já criar uma lista do bloco de notas com os comandos, e quando colar no terminal, irá executar um atrás do outro.

Exemplo de lista:

Caso a donzela tenha removido alguma coisa sem querer, também é possível recuperar o pacote com o comando:

cmd package install-existing nome.do.pacote

Pós-debloat

Após limpar o máximo possível o seu sistema, reinicie o aparelho, caso entre no como recovery e não seja possível dar reboot, significa que você removeu algum app “essencial” para o sistema, e terá que formatar o aparelho e repetir toda a remoção novamente, desta vez removendo poucos bloatwares de uma vez, e reiniciando o aparelho até descobrir qual deles não pode ser removido. Sim, dá trabalho… quem mandou querer privacidade?

Caso o aparelho reinicie normalmente após a remoção, parabéns, agora basta usar seu celular como bem entender! Mantenha o NetGuard sempre executando e os bloatwares que não foram possíveis remover não irão se comunicar com servidores externos, passe a usar apps open source da F-Droid e instale outros apps através da Aurora Store ao invés da Google Play Store.

Referências: Caso você seja um Australopithecus e tenha achado este guia difícil, eis uma videoaula (3:14:40) do Anderson do canal Ciberdef, realizando todo o processo: http://odysee.com/@zai:5/Como-remover-at%C3%A9-200-APLICATIVOS-que-colocam-a-sua-PRIVACIDADE-E-SEGURAN%C3%87A-em-risco.:4?lid=6d50f40314eee7e2f218536d9e5d300290931d23

Pdf’s do Anderson citados na videoaula: créditos ao anon6837264 http://eternalcbrzpicytj4zyguygpmkjlkddxob7tptlr25cdipe5svyqoqd.onion/file/3863a834d29285d397b73a4af6fb1bbe67c888d72d30/t-05e63192d02ffd.pdf

Processo de instalação do Termux e adb no celular: https://youtu.be/APolZrPHSms

@ ed5774ac:45611c5c

April 20, 2020: The day I saw my so-called friends expose themselves as gutless, brain-dead sheep.

On that day, I shared a video exposing the damning history of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's vaccine campaigns in Africa and the developing world. As Gates was on every TV screen, shilling COVID jabs that didn’t even exist, I called out his blatant financial conflict of interest and pointed out the obvious in my facebook post: "Finally someone is able to explain why Bill Gates runs from TV to TV to promote vaccination. Not surprisingly, it's all about money again…" - referencing his substantial investments in vaccine technology, including BioNTech's mRNA platform that would later produce the COVID vaccines and generate massive profits for his so-called philanthropic foundation.

The conflict of interest was undeniable. I genuinely believed anyone capable of basic critical thinking would at least pause to consider these glaring financial motives. But what followed was a masterclass in human stupidity.

My facebook post from 20 April 2020:

Not only was I branded a 'conspiracy theorist' for daring to question the billionaire who stood to make a fortune off the very vaccines he was shilling, but the brain-dead, logic-free bullshit vomited by the people around me was beyond pathetic. These barely literate morons couldn’t spell "Pfizer" without auto-correct, yet they mindlessly swallowed and repeated every lie the media and government force-fed them, branding anything that cracked their fragile reality as "conspiracy theory." Big Pharma’s rap sheet—fraud, deadly cover-ups, billions in fines—could fill libraries, yet these obedient sheep didn’t bother to open a single book or read a single study before screaming their ignorance, desperate to virtue-signal their obedience. Then, like spineless lab rats, they lined up for an experimental jab rushed to the market in months, too dumb to care that proper vaccine development takes a decade.

The pathetic part is that these idiots spend hours obsessing over reviews for their useless purchases like shoes or socks, but won’t spare 60 seconds to research the experimental cocktail being injected into their veins—or even glance at the FDA’s own damning safety reports. Those same obedient sheep would read every Yelp review for a fucking coffee shop but won't spend five minutes looking up Pfizer's criminal fraud settlements. They would demand absolute obedience to ‘The Science™’—while being unable to define mRNA, explain lipid nanoparticles, or justify why trials were still running as they queued up like cattle for their jab. If they had two brain cells to rub together or spent 30 minutes actually researching, they'd know, but no—they'd rather suck down the narrative like good little slaves, too dumb to question, too weak to think.

Worst of all, they became the system’s attack dogs—not just swallowing the poison, but forcing it down others’ throats. This wasn’t ignorance. It was betrayal. They mutated into medical brownshirts, destroying lives to virtue-signal their obedience—even as their own children’s hearts swelled with inflammation.

One conversation still haunts me to this day—a masterclass in wealth-worship delusion. A close friend, as a response to my facebook post, insisted that Gates’ assumed reading list magically awards him vaccine expertise, while dismissing his billion-dollar investments in the same products as ‘no conflict of interest.’ Worse, he argued that Gates’s $5–10 billion pandemic windfall was ‘deserved.’

This exchange crystallizes civilization’s intellectual surrender: reason discarded with religious fervor, replaced by blind faith in corporate propaganda.

The comment of a friend on my facebook post that still haunts me to this day:

Walking Away from the Herd

After a period of anger and disillusionment, I made a decision: I would no longer waste energy arguing with people who refused to think for themselves. If my circle couldn’t even ask basic questions—like why an untested medical intervention was being pushed with unprecedented urgency—then I needed a new community.

Fortunately, I already knew where to look. For three years, I had been involved in Bitcoin, a space where skepticism wasn’t just tolerated—it was demanded. Here, I’d met some of the most principled and independent thinkers I’d ever encountered. These were people who understood the corrupting influence of centralized power—whether in money, media, or politics—and who valued sovereignty, skepticism, and integrity. Instead of blind trust, bitcoiners practiced relentless verification. And instead of empty rhetoric, they lived by a simple creed: Don’t trust. Verify.

It wasn’t just a philosophy. It was a lifeline. So I chose my side and I walked away from the herd.

Finding My Tribe

Over the next four years, I immersed myself in Bitcoin conferences, meetups, and spaces where ideas were tested, not parroted. Here, I encountered extraordinary people: not only did they share my skepticism toward broken systems, but they challenged me to sharpen it.

No longer adrift in a sea of mindless conformity, I’d found a crew of thinkers who cut through the noise. They saw clearly what most ignored—that at the core of society’s collapse lay broken money, the silent tax on time, freedom, and truth itself. But unlike the complainers I’d left behind, these people built. They coded. They wrote. They risked careers and reputations to expose the rot. Some faced censorship; others, mockery. All understood the stakes.

These weren’t keyboard philosophers. They were modern-day Cassandras, warning of inflation’s theft, the Fed’s lies, and the coming dollar collapse—not for clout, but because they refused to kneel to a dying regime. And in their defiance, I found something rare: a tribe that didn’t just believe in a freer future. They were engineering it.

April 20, 2024: No more herd. No more lies. Only proof-of-work.

On April 20, 2024, exactly four years after my last Facebook post, the one that severed my ties to the herd for good—I stood in front of Warsaw’s iconic Palace of Culture and Science, surrounded by 400 bitcoiners who felt like family. We were there to celebrate Bitcoin’s fourth halving, but it was more than a protocol milestone. It was a reunion of sovereign individuals. Some faces I’d known since the early days; others, I’d met only hours before. We bonded instantly—heated debates, roaring laughter, zero filters on truths or on so called conspiracy theories.

As the countdown to the halving began, it hit me: This was the antithesis of the hollow world I’d left behind. No performative outrage, no coerced consensus—just a room of unyielding minds who’d traded the illusion of safety for the grit of truth. Four years prior, I’d been alone in my resistance. Now, I raised my glass among my people - those who had seen the system's lies and chosen freedom instead. Each had their own story of awakening, their own battles fought, but here we shared the same hard-won truth.

The energy wasn’t just electric. It was alive—the kind that emerges when free people build rather than beg. For the first time, I didn’t just belong. I was home. And in that moment, the halving’s ticking clock mirrored my own journey: cyclical, predictable in its scarcity, revolutionary in its consequences. Four years had burned away the old world. What remained was stronger.

No Regrets

Leaving the herd wasn’t a choice—it was evolution. My soul shouted: "I’d rather stand alone than kneel with the masses!". The Bitcoin community became more than family; they’re living proof that the world still produces warriors, not sheep. Here, among those who forge truth, I found something extinct elsewhere: hope that burns brighter with every halving, every block, every defiant mind that joins the fight.

Change doesn’t come from the crowd. It starts when one person stops applauding.

Today, I stand exactly where I always wanted to be—shoulder-to-shoulder with my true family: the rebels, the builders, the ungovernable. Together, we’re building the decentralized future.

@ 5188521b:008eb518

Fabian Sixsmith leaned closer to the screen. A couple of white pixels fizzed through the frame, and the hairs on his arm prickled. It had to be her. The blonde. Underworld’s most wanted — T1n4Red.

It was nearing daybreak in Lewistown, Montana. The end of yet another 14-hour shift at the DoS facility. Pulling fourteens was tough on his body, but it reduced the time it would take for Fabian to gain promotion to agent. Working at the Department of Surveillance came with the serious drawback of being labeled a snoop, but agents could be free — solid pension credits and private property. But today, he would not slink back to his closet-sized studio for buttered noodles and two hours on the velobike. Today would be the day he proved his work was responsible for locating T1n4Red. Her crimes were manifold; her methods were meticulous. Operating encrypted communication networks and thousands of transaction joins to obfuscate Underworld finances. Fabian flipped the plastic cover of the alarm on his console and pressed the button. 

Agent Williams appeared behind him in seconds. The babble of voice commands in the CCTV facility cut to zero. “Situation update, Operative Sixsmith.”

Liquidating the bad guys had been the dream ever since his father lost his college fund to a hacker. Cypherpunks came in all guises, and some could phish credits from careless Boston drunks and cover their tracks with encryption. Fabian opened the dossier on his desk. “Tier 1 target located. DNA confirmation requested from ground team.” He was certain. So many nights following encoded messages he found hidden data in images on the public comms ledger. Many were drop sites for the scumbags who delivered supplies to the Underworld in exchange for bitcoin — the only money the government couldn’t meter out and strip away automatically. That pixel of white had to be her blonde hair vanishing, once again, underground.

“Enhance the facial image,” said Williams.

There was no clear image to enhance. Fabian would have some explaining to do if he was wrong. Except he couldn’t be wrong. Those pixels had been his life for the last ten months. Finally, he had trapped her. Straightening his glasses, he prepared his reply. “I can bring up the drop locations from the LSB ima—”

“Operative. What is the protocol required to initiate a Tier 1 alert?”

Fabian could feel the heat of his boss’s glare. “Agent, there is insufficient facial recognition data, but if you give me a minute…” He had captured dozens of steganographical messages — locations, account numbers, usernames. Hiding messages in plain sight was apparently how cypherpunks avoided detection with such ease.

Williams was already patching through to the ground team on his Neurocomms link. “What’s your ETA on the location?” He furrowed his brow. “Copy that... proceed.” Turning towards Fabian, he snapped his fingers. “My office. Now.”

According to Fabian’s calculations, the ground team would report back with the DNA scan in three to four minutes. When they got a match, she’d be toast. T1n4Red would be underground forever; if she resurfaced, the dronecopters would gun her down in minutes. He just had to stall Williams until the confirmation came through. That might be the only way to avoid his first ever sanction. Having a blemish on record would set his lifeplan back by several months. He thought about requesting a comfort break on the system, but Williams would deny it. Fabian stood up purposefully. He arranged the chair and a few items on the desk, then dragged his feet all the way to the office.

Each agent in the DoS facility had an area of control around the size of a football field. Their 12’ by 12’ office comprised the only enclosed space and was positioned in the middle of rows upon rows of desks. Four walls of two-way mirrored glass formed the raised office cube — a mini panopticon within the greater panopticon of DoS. The agent sat in the swivel chair and swung his feet onto the desk. “You better be right about this, Sixsmith, or you’re done here.”

Fabian’s heart beat like a heavy bass kick. The perfectly calibrated 67-degree air didn’t stop him from wanting to loosen his tie. When he jammed his fingers down the small gap between his neck and collar, they came out slick with sweat. All those nights chasing. The tabulations, the data models, the transcripts from Underworld detainees, the ciphers he’d decoded — they all seemed like a game. A dream. He was the grizzled sheriff finally placing the noose around the neck of the uncatchable outlaw. He knew that in sixty seconds or so, the ground team would confirm a DNA match, and it would be impossible for T1n4Red to resurface without physical liquidation. “I’m sure, sir. This was the only way. We’d never get a facial match on a Tier 1.”

The agent looked at the communicator on his desk. Nothing.

Did T1n4Red eat buttered noodles and work out in her underground living closet? Did she crave for the feel of a paperback novel, or perhaps own a non-cataloged copy? It’s not like she could step foot inside the state knowledge center. “What action will DoS—”

Ground Unit Bravo to Williams. Do you copy?

“This is Williams. Over.”

Bravo commander confirmed the DNA match. It was her. She would now be classified a subverter. The payment instructions she had etched into the self-repair polymer bench had been photographed. Any wallet receiving those coins would be investigated. The fintech arm would already be working on liquidating affiliated Overworld accounts. One wrong turn and they can shut down your life’s wealth.

But T1n4Red was smarter. DoS would always be one step behind the cypherpunks because they were bound by government protocol, unable to infiltrate the Level 3 realm of encrypted private comms. Fabian had to take risks. What use was all his dedication if it just led to being remaining on the outside of a panopticon looking in?

“You can leave.” Williams motioned to the office door. “Your shift was over sixteen minutes ago.”

---

The State Knowledge Center smelled of the past. That’s what Fabian liked about it. He turned the page, savoring the quality feel of thick paper, imagining that when this book ran through enough hands, the inked fibers would run from black to gray to cream-white and the story would be gone. These were some of the only off Ledger items left in the country.

Wild Country Outlaws was Fabian’s sanctuary from the pressures of his job. All fiction was based on the kind of truth that needed to survive. Back to the times when eyes touched words without being digitally tracked, when citizens could own things. He read a paragraph and closed his eyes to imagine how life was back then. The cavernous knowledge center, with its hard seats and CCTV lenses transformed into lush plains and steep hills. Fabian felt the warm breeze on his face and the muscles of the horse beneath him. The two rifles slung on his back would shoot those boys dead. No one would take his property. His wife, children, his lame brother, hell, the whole damned village of Lewistown depended on his cattle to provide.

Of course, land could only be leased now. Livestock too. Those rustlers would have a hard time taking anything without public subscription fees and pre-taxed profits coming out. And if they wanted, the Department of Property could rescind custody of any item and confiscate it. Fabian’s smart-band vibrated, indicating he had just ten minutes of reading time left. The thing buzzed too hard. It pinched, but like all sanctioned hardware, it was government hard-coded.

He hadn’t been able to focus this time. Not really. Was T1n4Red an outlaw or a rancher? Either way, she was fighting the system that had stripped Americans of their right to call their house a home. According to the Department of Education, pre-ledger days were violent wealth-disparity wars, but the novels Fabian read painted a different picture — a fantasy freedom where ordinary citizens could build wealth.

Fabian rose to go. He handed the book to the desk girl and watched her scan it into the system. His smart-band buzzed again with a compliance point. To think his friends chased these stupid tokens for avatar upgrades and paid-time-off options. But, without them, he might end up with his ID frozen like his high school buddy, Scott, cut off from all legal avenues to earn a living and watched like a hawk by DoS. Did he have a secret stash of satoshis that kept him clear of the state debtors’ facility?

The lady at the desk smiled. Her brown bob remained undisturbed by the air cooling system. “We hope you enjoyed your trip into our analog archives, Fabian.”

“Sure. See you next time, Miranda.” He breezed out. They had history, but it wasn’t something he was interested in repeating. Imagine the conversations about cataloging systems and the internal squabbles of the Knowledge Center board. Fabian was already in a committed relationship with the powers of his imagination. Explicit videos were far too risky for a DoS worker to use, but the image of T1n4Red’s full lips and blond hair invaded his dreams. They could run a ranch together, or maybe they’d be cattle rustlers on the run. He wasn’t sure why, but every night, Fabian masturbated to the one rendered CGI model of T1n4Red they had on file. On the outside, his life was the ultimate mundanity, but the thrill of T1n4Red, the taste of the air on the great ranches outside the city, the sheer danger of even thinking all this, was the only way he could sleep.

---

They watched the pollination drone flit between the hibiscus flowers in the thick air of the botanical biodome. Fabian had been lucky to receive two of the limited daily visitor passes. It was even luckier for Scott, who now had the chance to get out of his mom’s dingy basement for a few hours.

“You know why they made them bigger than bees, right?” Scott spoke out of the side of his mouth. When Fabian shrugged, he leant in to inspect the device hovering around eye level. He blew a kiss and waved at its pollen-collector end.

“You don’t know that.”

Scott turned and swept his lank hair off his forehead. “You're the one who checks the footage, snoop.”

Micro cameras were yet another panopticon in the armory of the State. You had to assume, even when lying in bed with a lover, even when going to the toilet, that it was possible you were recorded, watched, and analyzed even years later. Secrecy was a virus DoS sought to eradicate.

The biosphere wristband on Fabian’s right arm sounded. Closing time was fast approaching. Fabian put a hand on Scott’s shoulder. “You know, there was a time when access to nature wasn’t so strictly controlled.” He stopped himself from saying more.

They joined the crowds heading to the exit down the palm pathway. “You heard about the latest blacklist?” asked Scott. “The mixnets are awash with it.”

Fabian’s neck muscles tightened. “You shouldn’t be telling me you’re on those forums.” Until he became an agent, even Fabian was prohibited from accessing the decentralized ‘Level 2’ network.

Scott laughed. It was the first time Fabian had heard him laugh that day. “That’s the fun of this little game, homie. Encoding and decrypting ciphers is living. It’s all I got apart from running from debt.” He lowered his voice. “My identity is already in prison, but I ain’t going too.”

Glancing left then right, Fabian made a decision. It was a decision to offer information to a friend, a true friend who had no reason to stick by him when all others cut ties. Sharing a secret in the meatspace was the biggest risk Fabian had taken in years, but he had no way to do it digitally.

“I was behind it.” He expelled a sigh.

Scott turned his head. They carried on walking towards the exit in the throng of people. A few seconds passed.

Fabian scratched at the mole above his eye. “Spent months unraveling stego messages. I feel like I know her. Like really know her.” Was he saying this out of pride or trepidation? Even if they ended in constrained mediocrity, lifeplans were so beautifully simple. Tina, Williams, the ranch, avenging his father’s bankruptcy, the forums, the caution, it all seemed so jumbled. “Maybe I’m in love.” What was Fabian saying? However long T1n4Red lasted underground, she’d never be able to surface again.

Scott bumped Fabian by stepping across his path. “Not in the meatspace. Keep checking the images. There’s a lot more hiding in plain sight than you know.” 

They walked in silence through the automated exit gate into the gray city air. As they departed, Scott turned back and called out, “Right pocket.”

Sure enough, Fabian felt the weight of a ‘brick’. He had held one of the untethered devices once in DoS training. Without even putting his hand into his pocket he knew that it was there and what it meant. Decentralized forum instructions would be written on an attached note. The code would be something only he and Scott knew. T14nRed and the entire underworld were now at his fingertips.

---

23:43 - untethered alert.

Invitation to join Level 2 CP mixnet.

Confirmation Key: M0ntann4Sc0ttySn00ps2031

Fabian lay back in his single bed. He followed the personalized invite link Scott had generated. It must have been strange, he thought, when space was not at a premium, when people went for a walk to escape, rather than lie on their bunk and plug themselves into a metaverse or L2 world. The Ledger made everything easy, an all-in-one software system for citizens so dialed in to their lifeplans, they didn’t have a second to spare. That’s how it had seized control of the nation.

The forum loaded and he found his welcome message from Scott.

Relay from T1n4Red:

It is never too late to use the powers of surveillance for good, Operative Sixsmith. Underworld 4gives but the ledger does not 4get.

In the darkness of his cabin, his face bathed in blue light, Fabian sat bolt upright. His head broke the plane of the holoscreen and a tinge of current trickled through his temple. She knew who he was; she knew what he had done. A charge pulsed through him, the thrill of true privacy. How had he been duped into thinking a total lack of encryption guaranteed freedom and not a glass cage?

The holoscreen flickered for a second. A multimedia message.

Level 2s were a gray area, not illegal. Messages could be relayed peer to peer along a mixnet to the end user. With personalized links hidden in messages on the public comms ledger, communities could be discerning about who joined.

When Fabian leaned back into a lying position, he was greeted by a 3D render of the woman he’d been chasing for over a year. His eyes drank in the red-lipped smile and blonde hair of the woman he’d forced underground, never to feel the rays of the Montana sun again. She held a piece of paper up to the camera, but Fabian couldn’t tear his eyes from her piercing gaze. 64k cameras could pick up the tiniest imperfection. She looked even more real than if he saw her in the flesh. The piece of paper she held was another invite code — this time to an L3 channel. 

Fabian exhaled. Breathe. He ran his finger over the chain of three tiny moles above his right eyebrow as if checking they were still there. There were agents who’d been on the force for decades without penetrating Level 3. All messages were stored on the Ledger — that couldn’t be avoided. But with all the red herrings and strong encryption, it was impossible for even the most powerful computers at DoS to uncover much about the members of Underworld’s inner circle. Fabian’s hand reached for his untethered brick. He entered the address from the 3D render of Tina’s paper, followed by the 24-character code from the paper on the outside of the brick. He was in. His next shift at DoS started in ten hours, but he knew he wouldn’t sleep much before then. Tina, and the Underworld answers he’d been seeking awaited on the L3 forum. Fabian made his way to the bathroom and rooted out an old lighter from the medicine cabinet. Staring back from the mirror was his reflection; perhaps it was an avatar of him bound for the Underworld while he remained in the meatspace with his tiny closet apartment and faltering lifeplan. They both watched the password on the paper note burn.

---

The hubbub of DoS Sector 4A quietened as Fabian walked down the corridor. The hum of hundreds of microcameras was imperceptible to human ears. The one place without them was the toilets — a DoS employee committee had made sure of that — and that is where Fabian’s untethered communicator brick lay. Even if it was found on a bug sweep, they couldn’t trace it to him. And he had ten minutes every two hours to get to the bathroom and check in. 

At first she’d been cautious, wanting to know if Fabian would follow her precise instruction. Then, information from Tina had came fast and furious. Names, transactions, locations, protocol, so much information. The tips she’d provided checked out. In fact, they were all just about low-level enough that it was believable that Fabian’s data-driven detective work had unearthed them. She’d even provided a methodology to show which macros and filters he could use to locate L2 peddlers and fixers.

He removed the floor tile behind the toilet bowl. This never got less gross. After relieving himself and pulling the flush chain, he attached the remote charge pack and switched it on. No battery, no trace signal.

11:03 - Message waiting: 6Smith, something important is about to happen. Act surprised. After confirmation, we must meet in person. It will not be easy to get you here. Instructions will follow.

Fabian heard the toilet door open. Could DoS be employing physical spies without the use of cameras in the bathrooms? 

The sound of a belt buckle. Charcoal-gray trousers descended and appeared on top of brown loafers through the little gap under the cubicle wall. The heavy-set man dumped himself onto the john and exhaled. 

After he deleted the message, Fabian switched off the phone and wiped the power back into his remote charger. He scrubbed his prints off the brick and replaced it behind the bowl. Another flush and he was gone. Out the door before charcoal trousers could physically tie him to the brick. If he was snooping, they would know. He’d get questions about using an unsanctioned jailbroken device. Maybe he could claim he was trying to arrange a physical meeting with T1n4Red. Still, the interrogation would be brutal.

Back on the floor, Agent Williams activated a meeting alert on Fabian’s desk. The red light informed him he must report to the cube immediately. It took great restraint for Fabian to avoid any nervous ticks. Especially with the scrutiny of operatives at his level, he couldn’t avoid a single nervous exploration of the moles on his temple or wiping of hands on trousers. The electronic band every citizen had clamped around their right wrist fed streams of bio-data to the DoS servers. Who would be alerted if his heartbeat spiked or breathing patterns changed? As he’d learned on the L2 forums, flying under the radar took a lot more than digital restraint. The surveillance apparatus of the state kept so much biometric data it had become a living cyborg. Could this be about the bathroom break? The guy in the next stall with the charcoal trousers? The brick? Was this the start of a downfall that ended in the same invisible blacklist Scott was on? Maybe that chick in the library had something against him too.

The glass door slid open and Fabian moved through the entry point in one clean step.

“No need to sit, Operative Sixsmith. Let’s stay on our feet here.”

Sixsmith awaited the news. Whatever it was, at least it would be quick.

Williams raised a stainless steel travel mug to his lips and drank. If the coffee was hot, he showed no signs of it. “I must admit, I’ve had my doubts about you.” An ominous start. “Up until this year, your work was adequate.” Williams paced towards the glass wall to watch the goings on of the morning-shift operators. His invisible stare could put someone’s back out. “And that stunt you pulled to get the jump on T1n4Red… some stricter agents might have filed that as a denial-of-protocol infraction.”

Fabian locked his gaze to the coffee cup and let him talk.

“But since then, your results have been quite something. An 89% strike rate on intel and twelve L2 agitators liquidated. That’s as high as I’ve seen.”

“Thank you, sir.” Fabian rearranged his cotton shirt, which, despite the blasting air con, was stuck firmly to his back.

“Good news.” Agent Williams went to his desk drawer and removed a six-inch blade. The silver tip matched the glint of William’s graying hair under the strip light. “You are no longer an operative here at the Department of Surveillance.”

Fabian imagined the angle of attack. A diagonal slashing motion from up high. He wouldn’t have time to avoid the agent’s quick reflexes.

“Congratulations, Agent Sixsmith.”

Fabian took a step back. His right hand found its way to his brow. “What?”

“You’ve been promoted, son. It can’t be that much of a surprise.”

Fabian had spent so long tracking certainties, he had forgotten what surprise felt like. He had his doubts about the system, his L3 secrets, his upcoming liaison with T1n4Red, his friendship with Scott. But things would be better as an agent. His family back in Boston would surely offer some begrudging respect. If he wasn’t six feet under, his old man might feel some kind of peace knowing his boy had won back those credits. Freedom from bio-data collection and freedom to roam. He faced his boss. “But I’m not up for review until—”

“Take the win.” Williams approached, knife in hand. “We need all the capable agents we can get.” He reached for Fabian’s right forearm. His grip was that of a much bigger man. “Effective immediately, you are Agent Sixsmith of the Department of Surveillance.” He slid the knife under Fabian’s communicator wristband and sliced through the strap.

The cool office air touched his now naked wrist. Fabian smoothed the skin as if he had been unshackled.

Once Williams returned the knife to its drawer, he offered his hand to shake. “Congratulations, Agent. Full briefing tomorrow at 0930.”

“Yes sir. Thank you for your trust.” He turned to go.

“Stop,” a sharp voice called. Williams held a small piece of metal between thumb and forefinger. “Don’t forget this.”

Agent Fabian Sixsmith accepted the gift — an American flag pin. He nodded and stepped through the doorway in the same way he entered.

---

Fabian zipped his thick hoodie and stepped out into the night. The reflectors in the fabric would dazzle the night vision of the cameras, and the Federal Government hadn’t passed any laws telling people how to dress… yet. He opened the door and set out to meet his handler.

He started his run towards the city outskirts, the hood shrouding his adrenaline-shot eyes. The back of his skull throbbed. It had been bothering him all afternoon. Throwing in a few boxing moves for good measure, Fabian pounded out the miles. One, two, past the city limits and onto the shoulder of the 87, the sixteen-wheeler auto rigs ripping past. The drones would be following — of that he was sure.

His handler was there. Just like Tina said. Half a mile after the first junction, under the bridge, Scott straddled his solarbike. This must be how he earned his sats — acting as a go between for Underworld agents who had gone to ground.

No words, just the exchange. Fabian unzipped the hoodie and draped it over his friend’s shoulders. Scott removed a 3D image scanner from his pocket and ran it over Fabian’s face. Two seconds and the ID confirmation would be relayed on the Ledger, probably embedded with a stego message. A quick clap of the hands, and he drove into the night. Forty, fifty, sixty, and gone, west towards Great Falls. Fabian took a breath. Is this what he had done all those reps in the closet for? He scrambled up the bank and jumped for the bridge railing. Hauling his body up and over in one swift motion. Then, crouching low behind the advertising hoarding, he duck-walked over the bridge and down the bank. How would he disable the micro cameras? Even without tracking data, the DoS apparatus wouldn’t be far behind — especially after they scrambled a drone to intercept Scott. Thirty seconds tops.

This place, just a few miles away from Lewistown, was the setting for one of those books he loved — cowboys, sheriffs, and theft. Of course, the subterfuge of Level 3 protocol and 256-bit encryption was a little more complicated now. The idea of coding messages is as old as civilization, only the attack vectors changed over time. 

Left. Right. Feet smacking dirt. Fabian had to trust the track was level. He could barely see three feet in front of him — only the dim Montana moonlight for company. The whirr of a camcopter approached overhead. If it locked his thermal image, he was toast. Just a few more strides surely. His lungs burned after all those miles.

DoS wasn’t just going to let a newly-minted agent go for a mysterious wilderness night run.

His foot jammed against a root. He stumbled on, narrowly avoiding a painful fall.

“IDENTIFY ORDER.” The camcopter had locked the human gait recognition. “FAILURE TO COMPLY EVOKES FEDERAL CREDIT ELIMINATION.”

Fabian almost laughed. These fucking things threatening to zero-out people’s hard-earned savings. How the hell had Americans let things go this far? He spotted the manhole cover under the tree. His lungs sucked in the night air, and his heart tore at his ribs.

Wham. Down to the ground. The force of a truck pinned Fabian and pushed his face into the dirt. “No,” he cried. “Let me explain.” Searing pain pulsed through his skull from the back to the front. In the seconds that followed, it was as if his brain was rebooting. Who was this? What were they doing?

“Neural tracer deactivated,” said the voice of the brute on top of him. 

Fabian managed to turn his head. He caught a glimpse of the man, but it was too dark to see his face. The pressure on Fabian’s back slowly released. He shook the cobwebs out of his head.

As Fabian stood, he saw the guard moving away, pointing his EMP caster at the sky, sweeping left then right.

Crash. One dronecopter downed. A crash to the right, another drone gone. These things would be disposed of in some pit or quarry. The figure collected the drones and moved into the night. 

Fabian dusted himself off and walked towards his destination of the irrigation pipe system. As Agent Sixsmith hauled the steel grate to the side, he took a breath. This was it. Too late to deny involvement. Too far down the rabbit hole. He’d have to give up everything he worked for — respect at Thanksgiving and a pension large enough to retire to a ranch and ride a horse over the land. In exchange, he’d get a one-time Underworld trip, where he would learn the methods and tactics the punks used to stay off grid.

Now it was quiet, bar the low hum of the highway and the sound of his rasping breath. He’d never been this alive. It sure beat the meticulous protocol of DoS. Before he could stop himself, Fabian was inside, his hands replacing the grate, gripping the ladder, his feet on the rungs, stepping down, down into the dark. Whatever she had to tell him, he needed to hear it. Meeting T1n4Red in the meatspace trumped any handshake from Agent Williams, any pension plan, and any begrudging respect from his nagging mother and fucked-up family. He descended to the Underworld.

At the end of the dank tunnel, Fabian saw the purple glow of UV light. He approached slowly. The sound of soft footsteps approached from behind. He didn’t dare turn. Then, a few paces from the curve where the light grew stronger, a flat plastic object jammed the base of his skull forward. Click. Probably a 3D-printed gun.

“Arms out. Legs astride.”

Fabian complied. The EM scan wouldn’t find anything. He was stripped of all tech — one of the many firsts he’d experienced that day. It was safer for all parties if he didn’t turn around.

The voice barked, “Clear,” and a rough hand pushed him forward. The footsteps descended back towards the tunnel opening.

Peering into the mirror positioned at the tunnel corner, Fabian caught a glimpse of the woman he came to see. The channel between well-defined back muscles drew his eye south. How long had it been since he felt the touch of a woman? How did she stay in such good shape down here? The weak UV light faded to a soft yellow glow in the chamber.

“Agent Sixsmith. We’ve been expecting you.” Tina pulled a t-shirt over her bra and cinched her blonde hair into a top bun. She laughed. “Take a seat.”

“How do you know I’m an agent?” Fabian sat on the plastic chair closest to him. The room had been widened from its original layout. It was now around fifteen feet square with a camp bed, a desk with double monitors, and a treadmill. His eyes settled on the black desktop compu-box.

She touched his arm, her hand surprisingly warm. “I bet you’d love to open that up and take a look.”

Fabian had never seen a homemade device connected up. Getting the parts must have taken years, but nobody could detect unregistered tech through lead linings and all the perimeter protocal. She truly owned something, even if it was just a little black box.

“You didn’t think agents are unsurveilled, did you? Poor boy.”

Fabian’s mind switched to rational mode. Was he burned? Would he ever be able to surface without getting financially or physically liquidated?

“Relax. I know what you’re thinking. This is your first trip here, but it won’t be your last. We fried your tracer chip and they can’t admit they implanted ‘cause it ain’t legal.” She swiveled the computer chair and sat on it back to front. The high chair back almost came up to her chin. “You get one question. Shoot.”

In their digital conversation, Tina had always been careful to give instructions only, never responding to Fabian’s questions. He might have a lot to learn, but at least he wasn’t living in the dark like her, a trapped soldier unable to look above the parapet. Was he walking into a trap? Was he already in one? If things got tough in the interrogation he was sure to receive from Williams, he could always offer some Underworld secret. Fabian turned to face the shadow of a woman he had chased for nearly a year. “Where are the Level 3 relay servers kept?”

“Ooh amor, you’ve gotta think bigger than that.” Tina Red was more than just a celebrity crush. Her blue eyes burned with the intensity of a neutron star. Her slender legs wrapped around the chair like a boa constrictor drawing in its prey. She drew closer, and he could smell the sweat. “There are no dedicated L3 relay servers. We’ve been using a hacked DoS server for months. Keeps you searching for that mythical Underworld data center, right?”

There were so many units in the DoS server cities that it would take years to isolate the hack. Smart. “What’s the end goal to all of this?” he asked.

Instead of replying, Tina shook her head. 

Play by Underworld rules, Fabian. It didn’t matter — he knew. Reversing the grip of the big-government machine was virtually impossible, but the dream was that the country returned to ‘the land of the free.’ Freedom to secrecy. Freedom to own. Freedom to transact with whomever you wanted.

Fabian watched as T1n4Red stood and crossed the six-foot gap between them. She leant over and moved a hand to the back of his hair, gripping his short black hair in her fist. The same fear pulsed through him as in the meeting he’d had with Agent Williams — the same Williams who was organizing the search and interrogate protocol for him at that very moment. Was her bodyguard waiting around the corner with the 3D-printed gun, primed to deliver its one shot straight into his brain?

“This is our endgame.” Their faces were inches apart. He saw the same freckles and imperfections in her skin as in the high-res digital render. But there was nothing like real life.

And then, a swell of the tide inside him. Euphoria. The kiss was deep. Their lips fused, one person, one dream. Fabian’s hands reached for the shape of the woman he’d dreamed about so many nights. She sat, straddling his legs and they went on. Blood rising like an ocean swell, Fabian dived into bliss. It all melted away — the dronecopters hovering above, the awkward entry to the office tomorrow, the nagging fear that his accounts would be zeroed out in mere hours. But one image remained. The moment transported Fabian to his spiritual home — the wilds of the Montana hills, the wind blowing through the grassland, the mountain range guarding the horizon. The wild country that called him.

When they finally broke the kiss, Tina stood. “Did you feel it?”

Fabian raised his gaze. “I think so. A place. The wild—”

She raised a finger to silence him. “Don’t say it. This is our secret, Agent Sixsmith.”

He thought for a second. Project Wild Country. It was strange, but he had no doubt. The phrase was branded into his mind clearer than the passphrase he had to memorize for his DoS access. How could two beings communicate telepathically?

“It’s called ‘Telepathic Key Exchange’. TKX for short.” Tina approached and whispered into his ear. “From the mentalists of the late 20th Century.” It had been there all along — a method to eliminate the gap where biological beings had to enter a passphrase physically. This was only part of the information chain without a cipher. No more worries about the micro cameras that could capture keystrokes or capture pen and ink comms.

“Our project,” she breathed.

The image swam through Fabian’s mind once more, the color of the sky as vivid as the eyes of the woman in front of him. The hills and plains in front of them. All protests start with the spark of non-compliance. And all revolution hinges on the man who knows how to play both sides. He’d have to learn more about it, understand it better, but TKX could lay the path to a fully anonymous market, unbreakable smart contracts, and a citizens’ private arbitration court. This would be the rewilding of America.

“We only have a few more minutes.” Tina returned to her chair. She explained the comms protocol and that the two of them were the only people on Earth to know the name of this mission. Project Wild Country would bring TKX to the masses.

“How can we teach people?”

“We lead people through the levels, just like I got you here. There are more stego images on the Ledger every day. It’s already started.”

Fabian looked at the wrist his bio-band had once gripped. “What do I say to DoS to explain this time-gap?” How long had he even been down there, fifteen minutes?

“You wouldn’t be much of an agent if you couldn’t think of something. Be the sovereign of yourself, Fabian.” T1n4Red laughed. “Better get running.”

Fabian moved toward the dark tunnel that led to a surface world buzzing with invisible spies. “I’ll be thinking of you,” he said. Fabian thought he detected the hint of a smile on Tina’s lips, and he felt a tiny swell of the euphoria that had filled him moments earlier. Then, he turned to go. Agent Sixsmith rounded the corner and started his journey back to the wild country.

---

This story first appeared in Financial Fallout. Find out more about the book at 21futures.com

21 Futures retains 21% of the zaps received to cover operating costs. The majority of the sats are forwarded to the author.

---

Max Hillebrand is a praxeologist who contributes to several open-source projects, because code is abundant and not scarce. He shares his work freely for others to use and modify. His goal is to help build a parallel economy based on sound money and individual sovereignty, where people can pursue their entrepreneurial ambitions without interference from central authorities. Find out more at towardsliberty.com

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

🩸
The world won’t stop and wait for you to recover.

Do your duty regardless of how you feel. That’s the only guarantee you’ll end the day alright.

You’ve heard it before: “The worst workout is the one you didn’t do.” Sometimes you don’t feel like going to the gym. You start bargaining with laziness: “I didn’t sleep well… maybe I should skip today.” But then you go anyway, committing only to the bare minimum your energy allows. And once you start, your body outperforms your mind’s assumptions—it turns out to be one of the best workouts you’ve had in a long time. The feeling of following through, of winning a battle you were losing, gives you the confidence to own the rest of your day. You finally feel good.

And that wouldn’t have happened if you stayed home waiting to feel better. Guilt would’ve joined forces with discouragement, and you’d be crushed by melancholy in a victim mindset. That loss would bleed into the rest of your week, conditioning your mind: because you didn’t spend your energy on the workout, you’d stay up late, wake up worse, and while waiting to feel “ready,” you’d lose a habit that took months of effort to build.

When in doubt, just do your duty. Stick to the plan. Don’t negotiate with your feelings—outsmart them. “Just one page today,” and you’ll end up reading ten. “Only the easy tasks,” and you’ll gain momentum to conquer the hard ones. Laziness is a serpent—you win when you make no deals with it.

A close friend once told me that when he was at his limit during a second job shift, he’d open a picture on his phone—of a fridge or a stove he needed to buy for his home—and that image gave him strength to stay awake. That moment stuck with me forever.

Do you really think the world will have the same mercy on you that you have on yourself? Don’t be surprised when it doesn’t spare you. Move forward even while stitching your wounds: “If you wait for perfect conditions, you’ll never do anything.” (Ecclesiastes 11:4)

Thank you for reading, my friend!

If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

My friend, let yourself be deluded for a moment, and reality will see to it that your fantasy is shattered—like a hammer crushing marble. The real world grants no mercy; it will relentlessly tear down your aspirations, casting them into the abyss of disillusionment and burying your dreams under the unbearable weight of your own expectations. It’s an inescapable fate—but the outcome is still in your hands: perish at the bottom like a wretch or turn the pit into a trench.

Davvero, everyone must eventually face something that breaks them. It is in devastation that man discovers what he is made of, and in the silence of defeat that he hears the finest advice. Yet the weak would rather embrace the convenient lie of self-pity, blaming life for failures that are, in truth, the result of their own negligence and cowardly choices. If you hide behind excuses because you fear the painful truth, know this: the responsibility has always been yours.

Ascolta bene! Just remain steadfast, even when everything feels like an endless maze. The difficulties you face today—those you believe you’ll never overcome—will one day seem insignificant under the light of time and experience. Tomorrow, you’ll look back and laugh at yourself for ever letting these storms seem so overwhelming.

Now, it’s up to you to fight your own battle—for the evil day spares no one. Don’t let yourself be paralyzed by shock or bow before adversity. Be strong and of good courage—not as one who waits for relief, but as one prepared to face the inevitable and turn pain into glory.

Thank you for reading, my friend!

If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

🏅 Como Criar um Badge Épico no Nostr com nak + badges.page

Requisitos:

• Ter o nak instalado (https://github.com/fiatjaf/nak)
• Ter uma chave privada Nostr (nsec...)
• Acesso ao site https://badges.page
• Um relay ativo (ex: wss://relay.primal.net)

---

🔧 Passo 1 — Criar o badge em badges.page

1. Acesse o site https://badges.page

2. Clique em "New Badge" no canto superior direito
   

3. Preencha os campos:

4. Nome (ex: Teste Épico)
5. Descrição

6. Imagem e thumbnail

7. Após criar, você será redirecionado para a página do badge.

---

🔍 Passo 2 — Copiar o naddr do badge

Na barra de endereços, copie o identificador que aparece após /a/ — este é o naddr do seu badge.

Exemplo: nostr:naddr1qq94getnw3jj63tsd93k7q3q8lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vetsxpqqqp6njkq3sd0

Copie: naddr1qq94getnw3jj63tsd93k7q3q8lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vetsxpqqqp6njkq3sd0

---

🧠 Passo 3 — Decodificar o naddr com nak

Abra seu terminal (ou Cygwin no Windows) e rode:

bash nak decode naddr1qq94getnw3jj63tsd93k7q3q8lav8fkgt8424rxamvk8qq4xuy9n8mltjtgztv2w44hc5tt9vetsxpqqqp6njkq3sd0

Você verá algo assim:

json { "pubkey": "3ffac3a6c859eaaa8cdddb2c7002a6e10b33efeb92d025b14ead6f8a2d656657", "kind": 30009, "identifier": "Teste-Epico" }

Grave o campo "identifier" — nesse caso: Teste-Epico

---

🛰️ Passo 4 — Consultar o evento no relay

Agora vamos pegar o evento do badge no relay:

bash nak req -d "Teste-Epico" wss://relay.primal.net

Você verá o conteúdo completo do evento do badge, algo assim:

json { "kind": 30009, "tags": [["d", "Teste-Epico"], ["name", "Teste Épico"], ...] }

---

💥 Passo 5 — Minerar o evento como "épico" (PoW 31)

Agora vem a mágica: minerar com proof-of-work (PoW 31) para que o badge seja classificado como épico!

bash nak req -d "Teste-Epico" wss://relay.primal.net | nak event --pow 31 --sec nsec1SEU_NSEC_AQUI wss://relay.primal.net wss://nos.lol wss://relay.damus.io

Esse comando: - Resgata o evento original - Gera um novo com PoW de dificuldade 31 - Assina com sua chave privada nsec - E publica nos relays wss://relay.primal.net, wss://nos.lol e wss://relay.damus.io

⚠️ Substitua nsec1SEU_NSEC_AQUI pela sua chave privada Nostr.

---

✅ Resultado

Se tudo der certo, o badge será atualizado com um evento de PoW mais alto e aparecerá como "Epic" no site!

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Tu connais une marque proposant des alternatives naturelles ? Partage-la ici en commentant cette page !

Pour être référencée, la marque doit proposer une partie au moins de ses produits en matières naturelles. 👉 En savoir plus sur les matières

Chaque information ajoutée (nom, lien, catégorie, etc.) et validée est considérée comme une contribution. 👉 En savoir plus sur les contributions

Chaque contribution validée est comptabilisée et donne lieu à une rétribution. Pense à bien sauvegarder tes clés (identifiants) dans un coffre comme nsec.app). Tu peux aussi partager plus simplement tes trouvailles sans créer de compte via le formulaire de contact (non éligible pour les rétributions). 👉 En savoir plus sur les rétributions

Copie-colle le modèle ci-dessous et remplis les informations que tu as. D’autres contribut-eur-rice-s ou l'équipe coeur pourront compléter les éléments manquants.

---

Nouvelle marque ou fabricant

• Nom de la marque :
• Image représentant des produits de la marque (lien, idéalement depuis le site de la marque) :
• Courte description :
• Catégories de produits proposées :
• Matières utilisées pour ses produits :
• Site internet de la marque :
• Autres informations (lieu de production, labels…) :

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Do you know a brand offering natural alternatives? Share it here by commenting on this page!

To be listed, the brand must offer at least some of its products made from natural materials. 👉 Learn more about materials

Each piece of information added (name, link, category, etc.) and validated is considered a contribution. 👉 Learn more about contributions

Every validated contribution is counted and eligible for rewards. Make sure to securely save your keys (credentials) in a vault like nsec.app). You can also share more easily your finds without creating an account via the contact form (not eligible for rewards). 👉 Learn more about rewards

Copy and paste the template below and fill in the information you have. Other contributors or the core team can complete any missing details.

---

New brand or manufacturer

• Brand name:
• Image representing the brand’s products (link, ideally from the brand’s website):
• Short description:
• Categories of products offered:
• Materials used in its products:
• Brand’s website:
• Other information (place of production, certifications, etc.):

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ e3ba5e1a:5e433365

Prelude

I wrote this post differently than any of my others. It started with a discussion with AI on an OPSec-inspired review of separation of powers, and evolved into quite an exciting debate! I asked Grok to write up a summary in my overall writing style, which it got pretty well. I've decided to post it exactly as-is. Ultimately, I think there are two solid ideas driving my stance here:

1. Perfect is the enemy of the good
2. Failure is the crucible of success

Beyond that, just some hard-core belief in freedom, separation of powers, and operating from self-interest.

Intro

Alright, buckle up. I’ve been chewing on this idea for a while, and it’s time to spit it out. Let’s look at the U.S. government like I’d look at a codebase under a cybersecurity audit—OPSEC style, no fluff. Forget the endless debates about what politicians should do. That’s noise. I want to talk about what they can do, the raw powers baked into the system, and why we should stop pretending those powers are sacred. If there’s a hole, either patch it or exploit it. No half-measures. And yeah, I’m okay if the whole thing crashes a bit—failure’s a feature, not a bug.

The Filibuster: A Security Rule with No Teeth

You ever see a firewall rule that’s more theater than protection? That’s the Senate filibuster. Everyone acts like it’s this untouchable guardian of democracy, but here’s the deal: a simple majority can torch it any day. It’s not a law; it’s a Senate preference, like choosing tabs over spaces. When people call killing it the “nuclear option,” I roll my eyes. Nuclear? It’s a button labeled “press me.” If a party wants it gone, they’ll do it. So why the dance?

I say stop playing games. Get rid of the filibuster. If you’re one of those folks who thinks it’s the only thing saving us from tyranny, fine—push for a constitutional amendment to lock it in. That’s a real patch, not a Post-it note. Until then, it’s just a vulnerability begging to be exploited. Every time a party threatens to nuke it, they’re admitting it’s not essential. So let’s stop pretending and move on.

Supreme Court Packing: Because Nine’s Just a Number

Here’s another fun one: the Supreme Court. Nine justices, right? Sounds official. Except it’s not. The Constitution doesn’t say nine—it’s silent on the number. Congress could pass a law tomorrow to make it 15, 20, or 42 (hitchhiker’s reference, anyone?). Packing the court is always on the table, and both sides know it. It’s like a root exploit just sitting there, waiting for someone to log in.

So why not call the bluff? If you’re in power—say, Trump’s back in the game—say, “I’m packing the court unless we amend the Constitution to fix it at nine.” Force the issue. No more shadowboxing. And honestly? The court’s got way too much power anyway. It’s not supposed to be a super-legislature, but here we are, with justices’ ideologies driving the bus. That’s a bug, not a feature. If the court weren’t such a kingmaker, packing it wouldn’t even matter. Maybe we should be talking about clipping its wings instead of just its size.

The Executive Should Go Full Klingon

Let’s talk presidents. I’m not saying they should wear Klingon armor and start shouting “Qapla’!”—though, let’s be real, that’d be awesome. I’m saying the executive should use every scrap of power the Constitution hands them. Enforce the laws you agree with, sideline the ones you don’t. If Congress doesn’t like it, they’ve got tools: pass new laws, override vetoes, or—here’s the big one—cut the budget. That’s not chaos; that’s the system working as designed.

Right now, the real problem isn’t the president overreaching; it’s the bureaucracy. It’s like a daemon running in the background, eating CPU and ignoring the user. The president’s supposed to be the one steering, but the administrative state’s got its own agenda. Let the executive flex, push the limits, and force Congress to check it. Norms? Pfft. The Constitution’s the spec sheet—stick to it.

Let the System Crash

Here’s where I get a little spicy: I’m totally fine if the government grinds to a halt. Deadlock isn’t a disaster; it’s a feature. If the branches can’t agree, let the president veto, let Congress starve the budget, let enforcement stall. Don’t tell me about “essential services.” Nothing’s so critical it can’t take a breather. Shutdowns force everyone to the table—debate, compromise, or expose who’s dropping the ball. If the public loses trust? Good. They’ll vote out the clowns or live with the circus they elected.

Think of it like a server crash. Sometimes you need a hard reboot to clear the cruft. If voters keep picking the same bad admins, well, the country gets what it deserves. Failure’s the best teacher—way better than limping along on autopilot.

States Are the Real MVPs

If the feds fumble, states step up. Right now, states act like junior devs waiting for the lead engineer to sign off. Why? Federal money. It’s a leash, and it’s tight. Cut that cash, and states will remember they’re autonomous. Some will shine, others will tank—looking at you, California. And I’m okay with that. Let people flee to better-run states. No bailouts, no excuses. States are like competing startups: the good ones thrive, the bad ones pivot or die.

Could it get uneven? Sure. Some states might turn into sci-fi utopias while others look like a post-apocalyptic vidya game. That’s the point—competition sorts it out. Citizens can move, markets adjust, and failure’s a signal to fix your act.

Chaos Isn’t the Enemy

Yeah, this sounds messy. States ignoring federal law, external threats poking at our seams, maybe even a constitutional crisis. I’m not scared. The Supreme Court’s there to referee interstate fights, and Congress sets the rules for state-to-state play. But if it all falls apart? Still cool. States can sort it without a babysitter—it’ll be ugly, but freedom’s worth it. External enemies? They’ll either unify us or break us. If we can’t rally, we don’t deserve the win.

Centralizing power to avoid this is like rewriting your app in a single thread to prevent race conditions—sure, it’s simpler, but you’re begging for a deadlock. Decentralized chaos lets states experiment, lets people escape, lets markets breathe. States competing to cut regulations to attract businesses? That’s a race to the bottom for red tape, but a race to the top for innovation—workers might gripe, but they’ll push back, and the tension’s healthy. Bring it—let the cage match play out. The Constitution’s checks are enough if we stop coddling the system.

Why This Matters

I’m not pitching a utopia. I’m pitching a stress test. The U.S. isn’t a fragile porcelain doll; it’s a rugged piece of hardware built to take some hits. Let it fail a little—filibuster, court, feds, whatever. Patch the holes with amendments if you want, or lean into the grind. Either way, stop fearing the crash. It’s how we debug the republic.

So, what’s your take? Ready to let the system rumble, or got a better way to secure the code? Hit me up—I’m all ears.

@ ca495706:2476e4d0

VIPWIN là một nền tảng trực tuyến phát triển mạnh mẽ trong thời gian gần đây, mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm mượt mà và an toàn. Được thiết kế với giao diện thân thiện và dễ sử dụng, VIPWIN không chỉ chú trọng đến việc tối ưu hóa trải nghiệm người dùng mà còn bảo vệ quyền lợi của họ một cách tối đa. Tính năng của nền tảng này luôn được cập nhật và cải tiến để phục vụ nhu cầu ngày càng cao của người dùng. VIPWIN cung cấp một không gian trực tuyến hiện đại, dễ tiếp cận, cho phép người dùng truy cập các dịch vụ chỉ trong vài bước đơn giản. Dù bạn là người mới sử dụng hay là người đã có kinh nghiệm, việc làm quen với hệ thống của VIPWIN sẽ rất dễ dàng nhờ vào giao diện trực quan và các tính năng hỗ trợ rõ ràng. Một trong những yếu tố quan trọng tạo nên sự khác biệt của VIPWIN chính là tốc độ truy cập ổn định và nhanh chóng. Người dùng sẽ không gặp phải tình trạng gián đoạn hay độ trễ trong suốt quá trình sử dụng dịch vụ.

Bảo mật là một trong những yếu tố quan trọng mà VIPWIN đặc biệt chú trọng. Với sự phát triển không ngừng của công nghệ, việc bảo vệ thông tin cá nhân của người dùng là vô cùng cần thiết. VIPWIN sử dụng các công nghệ mã hóa tiên tiến để đảm bảo rằng dữ liệu của người sử dụng luôn được bảo vệ an toàn tuyệt đối. Các thông tin giao dịch và dữ liệu cá nhân đều được mã hóa, giúp người dùng yên tâm khi sử dụng nền tảng mà không phải lo lắng về việc bị lộ lọt thông tin. Ngoài ra, đội ngũ bảo mật của VIPWIN luôn theo dõi và kiểm tra hệ thống thường xuyên để phát hiện và xử lý kịp thời các mối đe dọa tiềm ẩn. Điều này giúp người dùng hoàn toàn tin tưởng vào sự an toàn của nền tảng. Không chỉ vậy, VIPWIN còn cung cấp dịch vụ hỗ trợ khách hàng chuyên nghiệp, hoạt động liên tục 24/7, sẵn sàng giải đáp mọi thắc mắc và hỗ trợ người dùng khi gặp phải vấn đề. Đội ngũ hỗ trợ của VIPWIN luôn tận tâm và chu đáo, đảm bảo người dùng luôn được hỗ trợ nhanh chóng và hiệu quả.

Với cam kết phát triển không ngừng và cải tiến liên tục, VIPWIN không chỉ đáp ứng nhu cầu của người dùng mà còn luôn tạo ra những giá trị mới cho cộng đồng. Nền tảng này luôn cập nhật và cải tiến các tính năng để mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm tối ưu nhất. Các tính năng mới luôn được phát triển dựa trên nhu cầu thực tế của người sử dụng, nhằm cải thiện hiệu suất và nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ. VIPWIN luôn chú trọng đến việc cải tiến giao diện, nâng cao tốc độ truy cập và cập nhật các công cụ hỗ trợ người dùng. Một điểm đáng chú ý nữa là nền tảng này luôn sẵn sàng lắng nghe ý kiến đóng góp từ cộng đồng người dùng, từ đó đưa ra các thay đổi và cải tiến phù hợp. Chính nhờ sự sáng tạo và cam kết không ngừng nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ, VIPWIN đang ngày càng trở thành lựa chọn hàng đầu của người dùng trong môi trường trực tuyến. Với đội ngũ phát triển chuyên nghiệp và tầm nhìn dài hạn, VIPWIN chắc chắn sẽ tiếp tục phát triển mạnh mẽ và duy trì vị thế là một trong những nền tảng trực tuyến đáng tin cậy nhất trong tương lai.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

Have you found a natural product? Share it here by commenting on this page!

This site only lists durable-use products and objects. Consumables (food, cosmetics, fuels, etc.) are not included.

To be listed, the product must be made of natural materials. 👉 Learn more about materials

Each piece of information added (name, material, link, shipping area, etc.) and validated is considered a contribution. 👉 Learn more about contributions

Every validated contribution is counted and eligible for rewards. Make sure to securely save your keys (credentials) in a vault like nsec.app). You can also share more easily your finds without creating an account via the contact form (not eligible for rewards). 👉 Learn more about rewards

You can copy and paste the template below and fill in the information you have. Other contributors or the core team can complete any missing details.

---

New product

• Product name :
• Product image (link):
• Short description:
• Categories:
• Brand or manufacturer:
• Composition (materials used, including unknown elements):
• Links to buy (and shipping area):
• Other information (place of manufacture, certifications…):

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

@ e4950c93:1b99eccd

Tu as trouvé un produit naturel ? Partage-le ici en commentant cette page !

Ce site référence uniquement des produits et objets à usage durable. Les consommables (aliments, cosmétiques, combustibles, etc.) ne sont pas inclus.

Pour être référencé, le produit doit être composé de matières naturelles. 👉 En savoir plus sur les matières

Chaque information ajoutée (nom, matière, lien, zone de livraison pour un lien, etc.) et validée est considérée comme une contribution. 👉 En savoir plus sur les contributions

Chaque contribution validée est comptabilisée et donne lieu à une rétribution. Pense à bien sauvegarder tes clés (identifiants) dans un coffre comme nsec.app). Tu peux aussi partager plus simplement tes trouvailles sans créer de compte via le formulaire de contact (non éligible pour les rétributions). 👉 En savoir plus sur les rétributions

Copie-colle le modèle ci-dessous et remplis les informations dont tu disposes. D’autres contribut-eur-rice-s ou l'équipe coeur pourront compléter les éléments manquants.

---

Nouveau produit

• Nom du produit :
• Image du produit (lien) :
• Description courte :
• Catégories :
• Marque ou fabricant :
• Composition (matériaux utilisés, y compris les éléments inconnus) :
• Liens pour l’acheter (et zone de livraison) :
• Zone de livraison pour les
• Autres infos utiles (lieu de fabrication, labels, etc.) :

---

Cet article est publié sur origine-nature.com 🌐 See this article in English

@ c4b5369a:b812dbd6

Offline transactions with Cashu

Over the past few weeks, I've been busy implementing offline capabilities into nutstash. I think this is one of the key value propositions of ecash, beinga a bearer instrument that can be used without internet access. It does however come with limitations, which can lead to a bit of confusion. I hope this article will clear some of these questions up for you!

What is ecash/Cashu?

Ecash is the first cryptocurrency ever invented. It was created by David Chaum in 1983. It uses a blind signature scheme, which allows users to prove ownership of a token without revealing a link to its origin. These tokens are what we call ecash. They are bearer instruments, meaning that anyone who possesses a copy of them, is considered the owner.

Cashu is an implementation of ecash, built to tightly interact with Bitcoin, more specifically the Bitcoin lightning network. In the Cashu ecosystem, Mints are the gateway to the lightning network. They provide the infrastructure to access the lightning network, pay invoices and receive payments. Instead of relying on a traditional ledger scheme like other custodians do, the mint issues ecash tokens, to represent the value held by the users.

How do normal Cashu transactions work?

A Cashu transaction happens when the sender gives a copy of his ecash token to the receiver. This can happen by any means imaginable. You could send the token through email, messenger, or even by pidgeon. One of the common ways to transfer ecash is via QR code.

The transaction is however not finalized just yet! In order to make sure the sender cannot double-spend their copy of the token, the receiver must do what we call a swap. A swap is essentially exchanging an ecash token for a new one at the mint, invalidating the old token in the process. This ensures that the sender can no longer use the same token to spend elsewhere, and the value has been transferred to the receiver.

What about offline transactions?

Sending offline

Sending offline is very simple. The ecash tokens are stored on your device. Thus, no internet connection is required to access them. You can litteraly just take them, and give them to someone. The most convenient way is usually through a local transmission protocol, like NFC, QR code, Bluetooth, etc.

The one thing to consider when sending offline is that ecash tokens come in form of "coins" or "notes". The technical term we use in Cashu is Proof. It "proofs" to the mint that you own a certain amount of value. Since these proofs have a fixed value attached to them, much like UTXOs in Bitcoin do, you would need proofs with a value that matches what you want to send. You can mix and match multiple proofs together to create a token that matches the amount you want to send. But, if you don't have proofs that match the amount, you would need to go online and swap for the needed proofs at the mint.

Another limitation is, that you cannot create custom proofs offline. For example, if you would want to lock the ecash to a certain pubkey, or add a timelock to the proof, you would need to go online and create a new custom proof at the mint.

Receiving offline

You might think: well, if I trust the sender, I don't need to be swapping the token right away!

You're absolutely correct. If you trust the sender, you can simply accept their ecash token without needing to swap it immediately.

This is already really useful, since it gives you a way to receive a payment from a friend or close aquaintance without having to worry about connectivity. It's almost just like physical cash!

It does however not work if the sender is untrusted. We have to use a different scheme to be able to receive payments from someone we don't trust.

Receiving offline from an untrusted sender

To be able to receive payments from an untrusted sender, we need the sender to create a custom proof for us. As we've seen before, this requires the sender to go online.

The sender needs to create a token that has the following properties, so that the receciver can verify it offline:

• It must be locked to ONLY the receiver's public key
• It must include an offline signature proof (DLEQ proof)
• If it contains a timelock & refund clause, it must be set to a time in the future that is acceptable for the receiver
• It cannot contain duplicate proofs (double-spend)
• It cannot contain proofs that the receiver has already received before (double-spend)

If all of these conditions are met, then the receiver can verify the proof offline and accept the payment. This allows us to receive payments from anyone, even if we don't trust them.

At first glance, this scheme seems kinda useless. It requires the sender to go online, which defeats the purpose of having an offline payment system.

I beleive there are a couple of ways this scheme might be useful nonetheless:

1. Offline vending machines: Imagine you have an offline vending machine that accepts payments from anyone. The vending machine could use this scheme to verify payments without needing to go online itself. We can assume that the sender is able to go online and create a valid token, but the receiver doesn't need to be online to verify it.

2. Offline marketplaces: Imagine you have an offline marketplace where buyers and sellers can trade goods and services. Before going to the marketplace the sender already knows where he will be spending the money. The sender could create a valid token before going to the marketplace, using the merchants public key as a lock, and adding a refund clause to redeem any unspent ecash after it expires. In this case, neither the sender nor the receiver needs to go online to complete the transaction.

How to use this

Pretty much all cashu wallets allow you to send tokens offline. This is because all that the wallet needs to do is to look if it can create the desired amount from the proofs stored locally. If yes, it will automatically create the token offline.

Receiving offline tokens is currently only supported by nutstash (experimental).

To create an offline receivable token, the sender needs to lock it to the receiver's public key. Currently there is no refund clause! So be careful that you don't get accidentally locked out of your funds!

The receiver can then inspect the token and decide if it is safe to accept without a swap. If all checks are green, they can accept the token offline without trusting the sender.

The receiver will see the unswapped tokens on the wallet homescreen. They will need to manually swap them later when they are online again.

Later when the receiver is online again, they can swap the token for a fresh one.

Summary

We learned that offline transactions are possible with ecash, but there are some limitations. It either requires trusting the sender, or relying on either the sender or receiver to be online to verify the tokens, or create tokens that can be verified offline by the receiver.

I hope this short article was helpful in understanding how ecash works and its potential for offline transactions.

Cheers,

Gandlaf

@ fbb0eb9d:bdb78256

Wir dürfen keinen Millimeter weichen für jene, die unsere Freiheit nicht zu schätzen wissen. Vor zehn Jahren wurden die Journalisten des französischen Satiremagazins Charlie Hebdo in ihrer Redaktion erschossen, weil sie sich die Freiheit nahmen, eine Religion zu beleidigen. Das sollten wir nicht vergessen, und beim Namen nennen. Diesen Text schrieb ich schon damals, und um es vorweg zu nehmen: Ich bin immer noch Charlie.

„Und, sind Sie auch Charlie?“ fragte damals mein Banksachbearbeiter, nachdem ich auf die Frage nach meinem Beruf „Journalistin“ geantwortet hatte. Viele waren seinerzeit „Charlie“, ja, die Solidarität mit den Opfern in Paris war groß. Bei uns im Land und auch weltweit. Tausende Facebooker veränderten ihre Profilbilder, aber genauso sicher, wie das Amen in der Kirche, hatte es nur wenige Tage gedauert, bis die Differenzierer auf den Plan gerufen wurden. Am Tag der Geiselnahmen in Paris fuhr ich gerade Taxi in Berlin, während sich die französischen Sondereinheiten vor der Druckerei und dem jüdischen Supermarkt in Stellung brachten, die ebenfalls unter Beschuss von Islamisten gerieten. Der Taxifahrer war kein potenzieller „Charlie“. Ich konnte seine Nationalität trotz Akzent nicht ausmachen, möglicherweise war er sogar Franzose. Ich habe nicht gefragt. Sein Standpunkt jedenfalls: „Warum mussten die das auch veröffentlichen, das hätte man ja wissen können, das sowas passiert“.

Wenn mehr auf dem Spiel steht, als ein Profilbild

Ein Moslem? Ich weiß es nicht. Aber auch aus dem christlichen Lager kam zunehmend Kritik, nachdem so mancher recherchiert hatte, was für Karikaturen bei „Charlie Hebdo“ in der Vergangenheit erschienen sind. Auch mit uns Christen ging man in dem Satire-Magazin nicht gerade zimperlich um. Sind wir immer noch Charlie, auch dann, wenn unsere eigene Religion aufs Korn genommen oder gar beleidigt wird?

Und so bestätigte ich dem Angestellten am Bankschalter auch gerne: „Ja, ich bin Charlie, aber ich bin auch gespannt, wie viele immer noch Charlie sind, wenn es um ihren eigenen Kopf geht!“ – eine Frage die heute kaum aktueller sein könnte angesichts von katholischen Priestern, die zwischenzeitlich im Namen Allahs in Frankreich am Altar geköpft wurden und auch islamischen Attentätern, die gerne deutsche Weihnachtsmärkte für ein adventliches Töten zum Anlass nehmen. Sind wir immer noch “Charlie” wenn die Frage nach der Solidarität mit den Opfern sich nicht mit einem Wechsel des Profilbildes bei Facebook erledigen lässt? Denn ein Bild zu tauschen, tut nicht weh, ist schnell gemacht und man bewegt sich damit gerade sowieso im Strom der breiten Masse.

Gesicht zu zeigen ist ein Anfang, es bis zur letzten Konsequenz durchzuhalten, oft etwas ganz anderes. Auch Prominente zeigten damals vor zehn Jahren gerne immer wieder Gesicht. Es existierte eine ganze Kampagne dazu unter dem Namen.

Da war dann Klaus Wowereit Migrant, wenn jemand was gegen Migranten hat, Jörg Thadeusz war schwul, wenn jemand etwas gegen Schwule hat, Ulrich Wickert war Jude, wenn jemand etwas gegen Juden hat und Markus Kavka gar schwarz, wenn jemand was gegen Schwarze hat.

Das ist auch gut so, so wird Flagge gezeigt. Aber es braucht für derlei Bekenntnisse genauso wenig Mut, wie für den Profilbild-Wechsel bei Facebook.

Denn sind wir wirklich immer noch „schwarz“, „schwul“, „Jude“ oder „Migrant“, wenn unser Nebenmann angegriffen wird? Kurz nach der Ermordung der Satiriker von Charlie Hebdo bekam damals Ralf König auf Facebook und Co. von allen Seiten die Comiczeichner-Jacke vollgehauen, weil er nicht mehr ganz Charlie sein mag. Aus Angst hatte er eine Karikatur zurückgezogen, die sich mit dem Islam beschäftigte. Bei ihm steht ja auch nicht nur ein Profilbild, sondern – wie Paris gezeigt hat – wesentlich mehr auf dem Spiel. Eine allzu menschliche Reaktion! Und all den Heuchlern, die ihn verurteilen, würde ich gerne zurufen: Euch möchte ich mal in der gleichen Situation erleben. Nämlich dann, wenn es persönlich wird und die Angst nicht abstrakt, sondern konkret begründet werden kann.

Gerade Christen dürfen nicht zurückweichen

Das zeigt aber gleichzeitig, warum es so wichtig ist, dass wir auch weiterhin Charlie sind. Weil die Angst im Kopf uns sonst lähmt.

Wenn ein Journalist anfängt nachzudenken, ob er überhaupt oder wenn, wie er etwas schreiben soll, dann hat die Selbstzensur bereits eingesetzt.

Wenn ein Journalist Fakten weglässt, weil er vermutet, dass sie nicht gerne gehört werden, dann hat Selbstzensur schon eingesetzt.

Wenn ein Zeichner sich nicht mehr traut, manche Themen oder Religionen aufs Korn zu nehmen, dann hat Selbstzensur schon eingesetzt.

Und dann nutzt es nichts, dass gesetzlich keine Zensur existiert, weil diese Gesetze dann nicht mehr das Papier wert sind, auf dem sie stehen. Wir dürfen nicht zurückweichen. Auch und gerade nicht als Christen. Auch wenn wir selbst mit manchen Karikaturen hadern. Beleidigt sein darf man trotzdem. Denn der Grad von persönlicher Entrüstung ist bei allen unterschiedlich. Ich jedenfalls habe Tränen gelacht beim Kinoklassiker „Life of Brian“ und Monty Pythons „Catholic Song“ ist einfach ganz großes Kino. Aber auch ich war schon oft empört, weil mir manches, was unter Satire und Kunst verkauft wird, zu weit ging.

„Würden Sie auch Mohammed-Town ausstrahlen?“

Als etwa 2003 der Musiksender MTV die Comic-Serie „Popetown“ mit einem infantilen Papst und korrupten Kardinälen ausstrahlte, habe ich eine Gegenkampagne dazu organisiert. „Würden Sie auch Mohammed-Town“ ausstrahlen, fragte ich damals in einem offenen Brief die MTV-Geschäftsführerin Catherine Mühlemann. „Kein Christ wird Ihnen bei Ausstrahlung die Studiofenster zertrümmern, handelt es sich doch beim Christentum um eine Religion des Friedens. Wir verdienen aber nicht weniger Respekt als andere Religionen.“ 50.000 Menschen beteiligten sich damals an den Protesten, verschiedene Organisationen, Politiker und sogar der Zentralrat der Juden protestierte, genutzt hat es nichts. Die Serie erledigte sich letztendlich selbst mit niedrigen Einschaltquoten dank ihres unterirdischen Niveaus.

Aber selbst, wenn es ein Erfolg geworden wäre, hätten wir weiter protestiert: friedlich und ganz sicher nicht mit dem Maschinengewehr. Wir sind ein Land, in dem diese Debatten immer und immer wieder neu mit Worten und nicht mit Waffen ausgetragen werden. In unserem Land darf man kritisieren und sich auch empören. Wir dürfen unsere eigene Regierung anprangern und uns über Religionen lustig machen. Das tut weh, wenn man selbst betroffen ist, dieses Recht dürfen wir aber nicht riskieren. Für keinen persönlichen Grad an Beleidigtsein.

Diskurs statt Blasphemie-Gesetze

Wenn wir also Rücksicht nehmen auf Religionen, dann aber bitte auf alle. Wenn Religionen aber Kritik, Humor oder Satire aushalten müssen, dann bitte auch alle. Ich halte nichts von Blasphemie-Gesetzen, aber umso mehr vom freien Diskurs, der nicht nur in der Religionsfrage derzeit ins Hintertreffen gerät.

Die Frage, ob „der Islam“ zu Deutschland gehört, ist also die falsche. Die Frage ist: Will der Islam zu Deutschland oder gar zu Europa gehören? Sind alle seine Gläubigen bereit, friedlich hinzunehmen, dass im Namen von Meinungsfreiheit, Kunst oder Satire der eigene Glaube beleidigt werden darf?

Denn erst dann ist der Islam wirklich im freien Europa angekommen und diese Frage können die Muslime nur unter sich ausmachen. Es ist nicht an uns, ihnen ihre Religion zu erklären. Wir sollten aber langsam klären, wofür wir selbst stehen. Integration kann nur von jemandem erwartet werden, dem man auch erklären kann, in was er sich integrieren und wie weit das reichen soll.

Wir werden den gemeinsamen Nenner aufzeigen müssen, die „Conditio-sine-qua-non“, ohne die sich unsere Gesellschaft sonst immer weiter auseinander bewegt. Ich habe damals von Catherine Mühlemann keine Antwort auf meine Frage bekommen. Ich weiß nicht, ob sie heute Charlie ist. Ich wünsche mir keinen Raum für diese Angst, die uns lähmt, Debatten ehrlich zu führen. Für Menschen, die unsere Freiheit nicht zu schätzen wissen, weiche ich keinen Millimeter. Ich bin Birgit Kelle. Und ich bin immer noch Charlie.

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@ 8f69ac99:4f92f5fd

À medida que Portugal se aproxima das eleições legislativas de 2025, a 18 de Maio, torna-se essencial compreender as diferentes propostas políticas e os programas eleitorais dos partidos para votar de forma informada. Este artigo funciona como um índice para uma série de análises realizadas aos programas dos principais partidos, com foco em temas como liberdades individuais, descentralização e crescimento económico.

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A Evolução da Esquerda e da Direita: Um Contexto Histórico e Ideológico

Os termos “esquerda” e “direita” surgiram na Revolução Francesa (1789–1799) para distinguir quem se sentava ao lado do presidente da Assembleia: as forças favoráveis às reformas radicais (à esquerda) e as defensoras da monarquia e da ordem estabelecida (à direita). Com o século XIX e o advento do liberalismo económico, a direita passou a associar-se ao livre mercado e ao direito de propriedade, enquanto a esquerda defendeu maior intervenção estatal para promover igualdade.

No final do século XIX e início do século XX, surgiram o socialismo e o comunismo como correntes mais radicais da esquerda, propondo a abolição da propriedade privada dos meios de produção (comunismo) ou sistemas mistos com forte regulação e redistribuição (socialismo). A resposta liberal-conservadora evoluiu para o capitalismo democrático, que combina mercado livre com alguns mecanismos de assistência social.

Hoje, o espectro político vai além do simples eixo esquerda–direita, incluindo dimensões como:

• Autoritarismo vs. Liberdade: grau de controlo do Estado sobre a vida individual e as instituições;
• Intervenção Estatal vs. Livre Mercado: equilíbrio entre regulação económica e iniciativas privadas;
• Igualdade Social vs. Mérito e Responsabilidade Individual: ênfase na redistribuição de recursos ou na criação de incentivos pessoais.

Este modelo multidimensional ajuda a capturar melhor as posições dos partidos contemporâneos e as suas promessas de governação.

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Visão Geral das Análises por Partido

Segue-se um resumo dos principais partidos políticos em Portugal, com destaque para a sua orientação ideológica segundo as dimensões de autoritarismo, nível de Intervenção estatal e grau de liberdade individual. Cada nome de partido estará ligado à respectiva análise detalhada.

| Partido | Orientação Ideológica | Nível de Intervenção Estatal | Grau de Liberdade Individual | |----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------| | AD – Aliança Democrática (PSD/CDS) | Centro-direita democrática (baixo autoritarismo / equilíbrio intervenção–mercado) | Médio | Médio | | PS – Partido Socialista | Centro-esquerda social-democrata (moderado autoritarismo / intervenção estatal) | Alto | Médio | | CDU – Coligação Democrática Unitária (PCP/PEV) | Esquerda comunista/eco-marxista (mais autoritário / forte intervenção) | Muito alto | Baixo | | IL – Iniciativa Liberal | Liberalismo clássico (muito baixa intervenção / alta liberdade) | Baixo | Muito alto | | Chega | Nacionalismo autoritário (controlo social elevado / mercado regulado com foco interno)| Médio | Baixo | | Livre | Esquerda progressista verde (baixa hierarquia / intervenção social) | Alto | Médio | | BE – Bloco de Esquerda | Esquerda democrática radical (moderado autoritarismo / intervenção forte) | Alto | Médio | | PAN – Pessoas-Animais-Natureza | Ambientalismo progressista (intervenção pragmática / foco em direitos e sustentabilidade) | Médio | Alto | | Ergue-te | Nacionalismo soberanista (autoritarismo elevado / intervenção seletiva com foco nacional) | Médio | Baixo | | ADN – Alternativa Democrática Nacional | Nacionalismo conservador (autoritarismo elevado / intervenção seletiva com foco nacional) | Médio | Baixo |

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Análises Detalhadas dos Programas Eleitorais

Estas análises pretendem oferecer aos eleitores uma visão clara e objetiva das propostas de cada partido, facilitando decisões conscientes nas urnas. Ao focar-se nas promessas relacionadas com liberdades individuais, descentralização e crescimento económico, este conjunto de textos ajuda a compreender melhor o impacto potencial de cada escolha política.

Aliança Democrática (AD)

Partido Socialista (PS)

Coligação Democrática Unitária (CDU)

Iniciativa Liberal (IL)

Chega

Livre

Bloco de Esquerda (BE)

Pessoas,Animais e Natureza (PAN)

Alternativa Democrática Nacional (ADN)

Ergue-te

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Photo by Brett Kunsch on Unsplash

@ 266815e0:6cd408a5

Its been a little over a year since NIP-90 was written and merged into the nips repo and its been a communication mess.

Every DVM implementation expects the inputs in slightly different formats, returns the results in mostly the same format and there are very few DVM actually running.

NIP-90 is overloaded

Why does a request for text translation and creating bitcoin OP_RETURNs share the same input i tag? and why is there an output tag on requests when only one of them will return an output?

Each DVM request kind is for requesting completely different types of compute with diffrent input and output requirements, but they are all using the same spec that has 4 different types of inputs (text, url, event, job) and an undefined number of output types.

Let me show a few random DVM requests and responses I found on wss://relay.damus.io to demonstrate what I mean:

This is a request to translate an event to English json { "kind": 5002, "content": "", "tags": [ // NIP-90 says there can be multiple inputs, so how would a DVM handle translatting multiple events at once? [ "i", "<event-id>", "event" ], [ "param", "language", "en" ], // What other type of output would text translations be? image/jpeg? [ "output", "text/plain" ], // Do we really need to define relays? cant the DVM respond on the relays it saw the request on? [ "relays", "wss://relay.unknown.cloud/", "wss://nos.lol/" ] ] }

This is a request to generate text using an LLM model json { "kind": 5050, // Why is the content empty? wouldn't it be better to have the prompt in the content? "content": "", "tags": [ // Why use an indexable tag? are we ever going to lookup prompts? // Also the type "prompt" isn't in NIP-90, this should probably be "text" [ "i", "What is the capital of France?", "prompt" ], [ "p", "c4878054cff877f694f5abecf18c7450f4b6fdf59e3e9cb3e6505a93c4577db2" ], [ "relays", "wss://relay.primal.net" ] ] }

This is a request for content recommendation json { "kind": 5300, "content": "", "tags": [ // Its fine ignoring this param, but what if the client actually needs exactly 200 "results" [ "param", "max_results", "200" ], // The spec never mentions requesting content for other users. // If a DVM didn't understand this and responded to this request it would provide bad data [ "param", "user", "b22b06b051fd5232966a9344a634d956c3dc33a7f5ecdcad9ed11ddc4120a7f2" ], [ "relays", "wss://relay.primal.net", ], [ "p", "ceb7e7d688e8a704794d5662acb6f18c2455df7481833dd6c384b65252455a95" ] ] }

This is a request to create a OP_RETURN message on bitcoin json { "kind": 5901, // Again why is the content empty when we are sending human readable text? "content": "", "tags": [ // and again, using an indexable tag on an input that will never need to be looked up ["i", "09/01/24 SEC Chairman on the brink of second ETF approval", "text"] ] }

My point isn't that these event schema's aren't understandable but why are they using the same schema? each use-case is different but are they all required to use the same i tag format as input and could support all 4 types of inputs.

Lack of libraries

With all these different types of inputs, params, and outputs its verify difficult if not impossible to build libraries for DVMs

If a simple text translation request can have an event or text as inputs, a payment-required status at any point in the flow, partial results, or responses from 10+ DVMs whats the best way to build a translation library for other nostr clients to use?

And how do I build a DVM framework for the server side that can handle multiple inputs of all four types (url, text, event, job) and clients are sending all the requests in slightly differently.

Supporting payments is impossible

The way NIP-90 is written there isn't much details about payments. only a payment-required status and a generic amount tag

But the way things are now every DVM is implementing payments differently. some send a bolt11 invoice, some expect the client to NIP-57 zap the request event (or maybe the status event), and some even ask for a subscription. and we haven't even started implementing NIP-61 nut zaps or cashu A few are even formatting the amount number wrong or denominating it in sats and not mili-sats

Building a client or a library that can understand and handle all of these payment methods is very difficult. for the DVM server side its worse. A DVM server presumably needs to support all 4+ types of payments if they want to get the most sats for their services and support the most clients.

All of this is made even more complicated by the fact that a DVM can ask for payment at any point during the job process. this makes sense for some types of compute, but for others like translations or user recommendation / search it just makes things even more complicated.

For example, If a client wanted to implement a timeline page that showed the notes of all the pubkeys on a recommended list. what would they do when the selected DVM asks for payment at the start of the job? or at the end? or worse, only provides half the pubkeys and asks for payment for the other half. building a UI that could handle even just two of these possibilities is complicated.

NIP-89 is being abused

NIP-89 is "Recommended Application Handlers" and the way its describe in the nips repo is

a way to discover applications that can handle unknown event-kinds

Not "a way to discover everything"

If I wanted to build an application discovery app to show all the apps that your contacts use and let you discover new apps then it would have to filter out ALL the DVM advertisement events. and that's not just for making requests from relays

If the app shows the user their list of "recommended applications" then it either has to understand that everything in the 5xxx kind range is a DVM and to show that is its own category or show a bunch of unknown "favorites" in the list which might be confusing for the user.

In conclusion

My point in writing this article isn't that the DVMs implementations so far don't work, but that they will never work well because the spec is too broad. even with only a few DVMs running we have already lost interoperability.

I don't want to be completely negative though because some things have worked. the "DVM feeds" work, although they are limited to a single page of results. text / event translations also work well and kind 5970 Event PoW delegation could be cool. but if we want interoperability, we are going to need to change a few things with NIP-90

I don't think we can (or should) abandon NIP-90 entirely but it would be good to break it up into small NIPs or specs. break each "kind" of DVM request out into its own spec with its own definitions for expected inputs, outputs and flow.

Then if we have simple, clean definitions for each kind of compute we want to distribute. we might actually see markets and services being built and used.

@ fbb0eb9d:bdb78256

„Das Schlachten hat begonnen“ war im Jahr 2013 der Titel eines höchst umstrittenen – also wahrscheinlich recht realistischen – Meinungsbeitrags des Autors Akif Pirinçci. Heute ruft die Terrororganisation Islamischer Staat (IS) ganz offiziell in Deutschland genau zu jenem Schlachten auf, das der Autor damals bereits als sichtbares Schema eines außer Kontrolle geratenen Islams in Deutschland beklagte. Der Beitrag ist heute im Internet gelöscht. 12 Jahre später fordern islamische Terroristen ihre Glaubensbrüder in Deutschland auf: „Auf zum Schlachten. Worauf wartest du? Die Straßen sind voller Ziele! Überfahre sie!!“ und verbreiten dazu Bilder, bei denen der Fahrer eines Wagens die Menschen vor ihm auf der Straße ins Fadenkreuz nimmt.

Der Deutsch-Türke Pirinçci war den meisten Lesern bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt eher als weltweiter Bestsellerautor von „Felidae“ und als Erfinder der Romangattung “Katzenkrimi“ bekannt denn als politischer Autor und Kritiker des Zeitgeschehens. Sein Hang zur unflätigen und vulgären Ausdrucksweise und seine anschließenden Auftritte u. a. bei den islamkritischen „Pegida“-Demonstrationen hatten es seinen Kritikern einst leicht gemacht, den brisanten Inhalt seiner Texte und Thesen gleich mit vom Tisch zu wischen und ihn nach allen Regeln jener Kunst, die man heute als „Cancel Culture“ bezeichnet, als ihr erstes prominentes Opfer ins komplette Abseits zu katapultieren. Nun schreibe ich das nicht, um zur späten Rehabilitierung eines Kollegen anzusetzen, sondern weil es sich lohnt, die Genese dieses Vorgangs heute zu betrachten, um sich ehrlich zu fragen: Kommen einem die medialen und politischen Reaktionen nicht doch sehr bekannt vor? Und wenn man das damals alles schon sehen konnte, warum sind wir über ein Jahrzehnt später immer noch nicht weiter?

Ein Exempel wird statuiert

Da schreibt also ein Autor bereits vor 12 Jahren, selbst als Türke mit Einwanderungsbiografie, eine scharfe Kritik an der deutschen Einwanderungspolitik, die mit den Menschen einen Islam zu uns bringt, der sich in Gewalt entlädt und die einheimische Bevölkerung bedroht. Aufhänger des Textes war 2013 der Todesfall des 25-jährigen Lackierers Daniel S., der von einem herbeitelefonierten Schlägertrupp an einer Bushaltestelle abgepasst wurde und später an seinen Kopfverletzungen verstarb. Die Täter hatten türkischen Migrationshintergrund, manche waren bereits polizeibekannt, beides verschwieg die Polizei in ihrer Pressemitteilung an die Öffentlichkeit, bis die BILD-Zeitung die ganze Wahrheit druckte.

Der später verurteilte Täter war statistisch „Deutscher“, seine Tat zahlt in die Polizeistatistik der Deutschen ein, da er in Deutschland geboren wurde, also bereits zweite Generation Einwandererkind ist, man kann seine Integration und die seiner Freunde aber als gescheitert bezeichnen. Pirinçci verliert danach alles, man streicht Verträge, er wird nicht mehr gedruckt und sein Verlag, der vorher Millionen mit ihm verdient hatte, lässt ihn hängen, weil sich gutmenschelnde Autorenkollegen des Verlages von ihm distanzieren und seinen Kopf fordern, schließlich gilt der Türke Pirinçci jetzt als Rassist und als islamophob. Die Läden nehmen seine Bücher aus den Regalen und selbst die Katzenromane aus dem Sortiment. Das Schlachten geht derweil unbehelligt weiter. Ein Kritiker weniger und dazu ein Exempel statuiert: Wagt nicht, dieses Thema anzufassen.

Blutspur durch Europa

Das Schlachten hat schon lange begonnen, nicht erst jetzt. Wie eine Blutspur ziehen sich die Tatorte und Attacken zugewanderter Migranten auf die europäische Bevölkerung seit 20 Jahren über die Landkarte. Von den inzwischen täglichen Messerattacken, die man schon gar nicht mehr mitzählt, bis zu größeren Anschlägen ist alles dabei. Die Tatwaffen ändern sich, die Orte auch, aber das Schema bleibt: Einheimische werden von islamischen Zuwanderern ermordet, absichtlich totgefahren, abgestochen, erschossen, geköpft, in die Luft gesprengt. Es geschieht in Deutschland, in Österreich, massiv in Frankreich, in Belgien, in England, Spanien und auch in Schweden.

Manche dieser Taten liegen schon sehr viele Jahre zurück, manche, die heute „gegen rechts“ auf die Straße gehen, wenn wieder einmal ein Islamist das Gedankenkonstrukt der Vielfalt gefährdet, waren damals noch in der Kita. Spätestens seit 2015 und der Terrorwelle in Frankreich ist das Thema in ganz Europa präsent. Die Journalisten des Satiremagazins Charlie Hebdo werden im Januar 2015 in ihrer Redaktion niedergemetzelt, 11 Tote. Die Botschaft: Leg dich nicht mit Mohammed und seinen humorlosen Gesellen an. Am Tag darauf ein jüdischer Supermarkt in Paris, 4 Tote und eine Geiselnahme. Dann im November 2015 koordinierte, islamistische Attentate mit insgesamt 130 Toten und 683 Verletzten zwischen Sprengsätzen am Stade de France über Zufallsopfern in Bars und Restaurants bis zu einem Blutbad mit 89 Toten, die in der Konzerthalle Bataclan mit Maschinengewehren wahllos niedergemetzelt werden.

In der darauffolgenden Silvesternacht wird Köln Schauplatz Hunderter Übergriffe von Migranten auf Frauen. Ein Auto als Waffe? Premiere schon 2016 auf dem Boulevard von Nizza mit 86 Toten und über 400 Schwerverletzten am Nationalfeiertag. In Deutschland folgt das Schema erstmals im selben Jahr im Dezember 2016 auf dem Weihnachtsmarkt am Breitscheidplatz. Im März 2016 sprengen sich in Brüssel Islamisten am Flughafen und auf einem Bahnhof in die Luft und hinterlassen 32 Todesopfer aus 22 Ländern und unzählige Verletzte. Am Jahrestag ein Jahr später rammt sich ein Islamist in London auf der Westminsterbrücke seinen Weg durch eine Menschenmenge. Spanien hatte die Terrorwelle bereits 2004 eingeholt, es kostete fast 200 Tote und fast 2.000 Verletzte, dass Islamisten koordiniert vier Züge Richtung Madrid hintereinander in die Luft sprengten. Zwei Jahrzehnte Terror in Europa. Dazwischen Machetenangriffe, geköpfte Priester, ermordete Filmemacher, ermordete Lehrer, die es wagen, das Thema in der Schule zu behandeln, Sprengsätze, vergewaltigte und ermordete Frauen und Islamkritiker, die nur noch mit ständigem Personenschutz leben können. Nur eines bleibt immer gleich: Niemand verändert die Migrationspolitik. Alle sind bemüht, stattdessen den Kampf gegen Islamophobie und Rassismus unbedingt zu verstärken, auf zur Demo gegen rechts!

Vergessene Opfer

Das Schema der medialen und politischen Verarbeitung blieb immer konstant: verschweigen, kleinreden, vergessen. Die Erinnerungskultur der Deutschen beschränkt sich gerne auf die Opfer der Nationalsozialisten und auf jene Ausländer, die von Deutschen ums Leben gebracht wurden. Hier werden, wie gerade erst vor wenigen Tagen, immer noch gerne die Namen der Opfer von Hanau von deutschen Politikern in den Medien wiederholt. Doch kennt jemand die Namen der Opfer vom Breitscheidplatz, also jenem Anschlag, der einst auslöste, dass heute jeder Weihnachtsmarkt in Deutschland zur Hochsicherheitszone aufgerüstet wird und bei dem die Politik einst peinlich bemüht war, nicht von einem islamistischen Anschlag zu sprechen? Und selbst das hat das nächste Schlachten in Magdeburg ja nicht verhindern können.

Kennt jemand die Namen aller Opfer vom Weihnachtsmarkt in Magdeburg? Kollegen bei der WELT recherchieren derzeit dankbarerweise die Folgen alleine dieses Anschlags akribisch nach. Man spricht von 1.300 Opfern insgesamt, 6 Toten, 300 Verletzten, davon 67 Schwerverletzten, einem Querschnittsgelähmten und zahlreichen Opfern, die Hände, Füße oder gar ein Bein verloren haben. Warum berührt es nicht alle gleichermaßen? Die Folgen sind keine Umkehr in der Migrationspolitik der Regierung, sondern weitere, staatlich mitorganisierte und mitfinanzierte Demonstrationen „gegen rechts“. In Aschaffenburg sind Kindergartenkinder das Opfer, ein Helfer bezahlt seinen Mut mit dem Leben, für einen Zweijährigen kommt jede Hilfe zu spät. In München fährt vor wenigen Tagen ein Islamist in eine Demonstration, eine Mutter und ihr Kind werden unter den Wagen gezogen, sie sind verstorben, noch am selben Abend demonstriert man in München „gegen rechts“, während Dutzende Schwerverletzte in den Krankenhäusern liegen und der Täter im Gefängnis reklamiert, man möge seine Zelle von der imaginären Verschmutzung durch Christen reinigen. Wenige Tage später sticht im österreichischen Villach ein Migrant wahllos in der Innenstadt Passanten nieder, ein 14-Jähriger stirbt. Der Täter lacht bei seiner Verhaftung. Die Polizei in Wien nimmt vor zwei Tagen einen 14-Jährigen fest, er plante einen Anschlag auf den Westbahnhof. Wien hatte bereits 2020 einen eigenen Amoklauf mit 4 Toten und erst im Sommer 2024 musste dort ein Taylor-Swift-Konzert wegen dringenden Terrorverdachts abgesagt werden. In Schweden wurde vor wenigen Wochen ein Islamkritiker während eines Live-Streams durch Islamisten erschossen. Europa 2025.

Man wird müde, die immer selben Worte zu wiederholen bei den sich immer enger taktenden Anschlägen von Migranten in unserem Land und in Europa. Es fehlen die Worte, weil bereits alles gesagt ist. Genauso, wie sich die sinnlosen Floskeln der Politiker wiederholen, wenn wieder eine junge Frau, ein Kind, ein Vater oder ein mutiger Helfer sein Leben lassen muss und das Volk in der verbalen Litanei erstickt wird zwischen „verwirrter Einzeltäter – Betroffenheit – wir lassen uns nicht spalten – Stadt XY bleibt bunt und wir lassen uns die Art zu leben nicht nehmen“. So, als würden nicht bereits die ersten Karnevalsumzüge abgesagt, weil die Sicherheit auf den Straßen nicht mehr garantiert werden kann.

Wir demonstrieren uns zu Tode

Was, wenn gar nicht die AfD das Problem ist, sondern der Islam? Man stelle sich für eine Sekunde vor, die AfD wäre erfolgreich bekämpft und weg. Eine Nulllinie, von der man in den Jahren 2014 und 2015 gar nicht so weit entfernt war. Damals stand die AfD in den Umfragen irgendwo zwischen 2 und 4 Prozent und tat gerade das, was nahezu alle neuen Parteigründungen der vergangenen 30 Jahre taten: Sie zerlegten sich in innerparteilichen Streitigkeiten selbst. Doch dann öffnete Angela Merkel die Grenze zur unkontrollierten Migration nach Deutschland und lieferte über Jahre ein Thema, an dem sich die AfD wie ein Phoenix aus der Asche wieder neu erhob. Denken wir also eine Sekunde, die AfD sei als Problem weg, welche Probleme sind dann immer noch da? Nichts von dem, was gerade in Deutschland relevant ist, wäre gelöst. Rezession, Wirtschaftskrise, Energiekrise, Krieg in Europa und ja, vor allem auch die gescheiterte Migrationspolitik und die Erosion der inneren Sicherheit sind dann immer noch da. Man kann natürlich die AfD exzessiv bekämpfen statt der realen Probleme, es bleibt dann aber alles, wie es ist. In einem Pseudokampf lenken die wechselnden politischen Eliten erfolgreich vom Thema ab, indem man nun bereits über ein Jahrzehnt den falschen Feind bekämpft. Gerade wird in einem Akt kollektiver kultureller Todessehnsucht das Feindbild AfD zum Feindbild CDU erweitert, um die gesamte bürgerliche Mitte von einer Umkehr in der Migrationspolitik abzuhalten. Immer noch treten brav nach jedem weiteren Anschlag wie gehirngewaschen erwachsene Menschen zu einer Demo gegen rechts an. „Wir amüsieren uns zu Tode“, resümierte einst der Autor Neil Postman die Zersetzung des Westens durch die Unterhaltungsindustrie. Deutschland hat sich im Angesicht einer kulturellen Übernahme durch zugewanderte islamische junge Männer einen weltweiten Alleingang ausgedacht: Deutschland demonstriert sich zu Tode.

Das Schlachten hat schon lange begonnen. Wer es jetzt immer noch nicht versteht, dass eine Mehrheit der illegal einreisenden Migranten weder zur Integration noch zur Arbeit und schon gar nicht wegen politischer Verfolgung hierherkommt, dem ist nicht zu helfen. Wer glaubt, er könne Millionen an aggressiven Antisemiten, glühenden Frauenhassern, Christenverächtern und Sozialstaatstouristen gesellschaftlich, kulturell und finanziell integrieren, ist realitätsfremd. An diesem Sonntag wird gewählt. Der Souverän wird seine eigene Meinung dazu kundtun, wem er zutraut, das Schlachten zu beenden.

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To outsiders, the music industry is usually viewed as a glamorous world of fame, fortune, and creativity. However, lurking underneath the surface, the industry is also a field fraught with mental health challenges. From the history of addiction to the pressures of fame, artists have long wrestled with maintaining their mental well-being. Daniel Siegel Alonso looks at how many artists have found effective coping strategies, turning to therapy, mindfulness practices, and using music itself as a healing outlet.

The Dark History of Addiction in Music

Siegel Alonso notes that the history of addiction in the music industry is well-documented. The strain of constant touring, public scrutiny, and the never-ending pursuit of success have driven many artists to find relief in substances. Iconic musicians like Kurt Cobain, Amy Winehouse, and Jim Morrison are stark reminders of how addiction can destroy lives.

Guitarist John Frusciante of the Red Hot Chili Peppers is a notable example of someone who battled severe addiction. At the height of his career, Frusciante fell deeply into heroin addiction, which led him to leave the band in 1992. His addiction nearly cost him his life, but after a long and painful struggle, he managed to turn his life around. Frusciante’s journey to recovery involved intensive therapy and a recommitment to his music, ultimately rejoining the band and contributing to some of the group's most celebrated albums.

Seeking Help

One of the most crucial steps in addressing mental health issues is seeking professional help. Therapy provides a safe space for creative individuals to explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors with a trained professional. Therapy can be a lifeline for musicians, who often face unique pressures.

Frusciante’s recovery underscores the importance of professional help. He didn’t just quit drugs cold turkey; he underwent a comprehensive treatment plan that included therapy and support from friends and family. His story is a testament to the power of seeking help and the possibility of recovery, even after hitting rock bottom.

Music as an Outlet

For many musicians, creating music is more than just a career; it’s a vital outlet for expression and coping. Writing, performing, and listening to music can be powerful therapeutic tools. Music allows artists to channel their emotions into something constructive and beautiful, providing a release from their struggles.

Daniel Siegel Alonso takes The Beatles' George Harrison as an example. Harrison turned to Transcendental Meditation (TM) as a means of coping with the pressures of superstardom and personal turmoil. Introduced to TM in the 1960s, Harrison found solace and clarity through the practice, which influenced both his songwriting and his personal life. The song “Within You Without You” reflects his spiritual journey and the peace he found through TM. The recording marked a significant departure from the Beatles' previous work; musically, it evokes the Indian devotional tradition, while the overtly spiritual quality of the lyrics reflects Harrison's absorption in Hindu philosophy.

Mindfulness and Meditation

Mindfulness and meditation have become increasingly popular among musicians seeking to maintain their mental health. These practices help individuals stay grounded, reduce stress, and improve overall well-being. George Harrison’s embrace of TM is a prime example of how mindfulness can transform a creative person's life.

Harrison’s dedication to TM didn’t just help him personally; it also profoundly impacted his music. His incorporation of Indian instruments and philosophical themes into his songs brought a new dimension to The Beatles’ music and left an enduring legacy in the music world. By finding a healthy outlet in meditation, Harrison could navigate the challenges of fame and continue creating impactful music.

The Power of Community

Siegel Alonso notes that another vital aspect of mental health is the strength of community. Like all individuals, musicians need a support system. Whether it’s fellow bandmates, family, friends, or mental health professionals, having people to lean on can make a significant difference.

John Frusciante’s return to the Red Hot Chili Peppers is a testament to the importance of community. His bandmates supported him through his recovery, and their familial bond played a vital role in his comeback. The collaborative nature of music itself fosters a sense of belonging and mutual support, which is critical for mental health.

Moving Forward

The music industry has made strides in recent years to address mental health more openly. Initiatives like MusiCares provide resources and support for musicians dealing with mental health issues. However, there is still much work to be done. Shattering the stigma around mental health and fostering open conversations are key steps toward a healthier industry.

Musicians like John Frusciante and George Harrison show us that recovery and well-being are possible, even though the journey may be challenging. By seeking help, embracing mindfulness, and finding healthy outlets for expression, musicians can navigate their challenges and continue to inspire us with their art.

In conclusion, mental health in the music industry is a complex issue. Still, with the right coping strategies and support systems, Daniel Siegel Alonso posits that it is achievable to overcome the challenges. As fans and listeners, we can also play a role by supporting initiatives promoting mental health and recognizing the humanity behind the music we cherish. After all, the well-being of the artists who create the soundtrack of our lives is just as important as the music itself.

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Básico

bash lsblk # Lista todos os diretorios montados.

Para criar o sistema de arquivos:

bash mkfs.btrfs -L "ThePool" -f /dev/sdx

Criando um subvolume:

bash btrfs subvolume create SubVol

Montando Sistema de Arquivos:

bash mount -o compress=zlib,subvol=SubVol,autodefrag /dev/sdx /mnt

Lista os discos formatados no diretório:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Adiciona novo disco ao subvolume:

bash btrfs device add -f /dev/sdy /mnt

Lista novamente os discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Exibe uso dos discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem df /mnt

Balancea os dados entre os discos sobre raid1:

bash btrfs filesystem balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt

Scrub é uma passagem por todos os dados e metadados do sistema de arquivos e verifica as somas de verificação. Se uma cópia válida estiver disponível (perfis de grupo de blocos replicados), a danificada será reparada. Todas as cópias dos perfis replicados são validadas.

iniciar o processo de depuração :

bash btrfs scrub start /mnt

ver o status do processo de depuração Btrfs em execução:

bash btrfs scrub status /mnt

ver o status do scrub Btrfs para cada um dos dispositivos

bash btrfs scrub status -d / data btrfs scrub cancel / data

Para retomar o processo de depuração do Btrfs que você cancelou ou pausou:

btrfs scrub resume / data

Listando os subvolumes:

bash btrfs subvolume list /Reports

Criando um instantâneo dos subvolumes:

Aqui, estamos criando um instantâneo de leitura e gravação chamado snap de marketing do subvolume de marketing.

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-snap

Além disso, você pode criar um instantâneo somente leitura usando o sinalizador -r conforme mostrado. O marketing-rosnap é um instantâneo somente leitura do subvolume de marketing

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-rosnap

Forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos usando o utilitário 'sync'

Para forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos, invoque a opção de sincronização conforme mostrado. Observe que o sistema de arquivos já deve estar montado para que o processo de sincronização continue com sucesso.

bash btrfs filsystem sync /Reports

Para excluir o dispositivo do sistema de arquivos, use o comando device delete conforme mostrado.

bash btrfs device delete /dev/sdc /Reports

Para sondar o status de um scrub, use o comando scrub status com a opção -dR .

bash btrfs scrub status -dR / Relatórios

Para cancelar a execução do scrub, use o comando scrub cancel .

bash $ sudo btrfs scrub cancel / Reports

Para retomar ou continuar com uma depuração interrompida anteriormente, execute o comando de cancelamento de depuração

bash sudo btrfs scrub resume /Reports

mostra o uso do dispositivo de armazenamento:

btrfs filesystem usage /data

Para distribuir os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID (incluindo o dispositivo de armazenamento recém-adicionado) montados no diretório /data , execute o seguinte comando:

sudo btrfs balance start --full-balance /data

Pode demorar um pouco para espalhar os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID se ele contiver muitos dados.

Opções importantes de montagem Btrfs

Nesta seção, vou explicar algumas das importantes opções de montagem do Btrfs. Então vamos começar.

As opções de montagem Btrfs mais importantes são:

**1. acl e noacl

**ACL gerencia permissões de usuários e grupos para os arquivos/diretórios do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem acl Btrfs habilita ACL. Para desabilitar a ACL, você pode usar a opção de montagem noacl .

Por padrão, a ACL está habilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem acl por padrão.

**2. autodefrag e noautodefrag

**Desfragmentar um sistema de arquivos Btrfs melhorará o desempenho do sistema de arquivos reduzindo a fragmentação de dados.

A opção de montagem autodefrag permite a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem noautodefrag desativa a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

Por padrão, a desfragmentação automática está desabilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem noautodefrag por padrão.

**3. compactar e compactar-forçar

**Controla a compactação de dados no nível do sistema de arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção compactar compacta apenas os arquivos que valem a pena compactar (se compactar o arquivo economizar espaço em disco).

A opção compress-force compacta todos os arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs, mesmo que a compactação do arquivo aumente seu tamanho.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta muitos algoritmos de compactação e cada um dos algoritmos de compactação possui diferentes níveis de compactação.

Os algoritmos de compactação suportados pelo Btrfs são: lzo , zlib (nível 1 a 9) e zstd (nível 1 a 15).

Você pode especificar qual algoritmo de compactação usar para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com uma das seguintes opções de montagem:

• compress=algoritmo:nível
• compress-force=algoritmo:nível

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como habilitar a compactação do sistema de arquivos Btrfs .

**4. subvol e subvolid

**Estas opções de montagem são usadas para montar separadamente um subvolume específico de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem subvol é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando seu caminho relativo.

A opção de montagem subvolid é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando o ID do subvolume.

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como criar e montar subvolumes Btrfs .

**5. dispositivo

A opção de montagem de dispositivo** é usada no sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs.

Em alguns casos, o sistema operacional pode falhar ao detectar os dispositivos de armazenamento usados em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs. Nesses casos, você pode usar a opção de montagem do dispositivo para especificar os dispositivos que deseja usar para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar a opção de montagem de dispositivo várias vezes para carregar diferentes dispositivos de armazenamento para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar o nome do dispositivo (ou seja, sdb , sdc ) ou UUID , UUID_SUB ou PARTUUID do dispositivo de armazenamento com a opção de montagem do dispositivo para identificar o dispositivo de armazenamento.

Por exemplo,

• dispositivo=/dev/sdb
• dispositivo=/dev/sdb,dispositivo=/dev/sdc
• dispositivo=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d
• device=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d,device=UUID_SUB=f7ce4875-0874-436a-b47d-3edef66d3424

**6. degraded

A opção de montagem degradada** permite que um RAID Btrfs seja montado com menos dispositivos de armazenamento do que o perfil RAID requer.

Por exemplo, o perfil raid1 requer a presença de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento. Se um dos dispositivos de armazenamento não estiver disponível em qualquer caso, você usa a opção de montagem degradada para montar o RAID mesmo que 1 de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento esteja disponível.

**7. commit

A opção commit** mount é usada para definir o intervalo (em segundos) dentro do qual os dados serão gravados no dispositivo de armazenamento.

O padrão é definido como 30 segundos.

Para definir o intervalo de confirmação para 15 segundos, você pode usar a opção de montagem commit=15 (digamos).

**8. ssd e nossd

A opção de montagem ssd** informa ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs que o sistema de arquivos está usando um dispositivo de armazenamento SSD, e o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faz a otimização SSD necessária.

A opção de montagem nossd desativa a otimização do SSD.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem de SSD será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd é habilitada.

**9. ssd_spread e nossd_spread

A opção de montagem ssd_spread** tenta alocar grandes blocos contínuos de espaço não utilizado do SSD. Esse recurso melhora o desempenho de SSDs de baixo custo (baratos).

A opção de montagem nossd_spread desativa o recurso ssd_spread .

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem ssd_spread será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd_spread é habilitada.

**10. descarte e nodiscard

Se você estiver usando um SSD que suporte TRIM enfileirado assíncrono (SATA rev3.1), a opção de montagem de descarte** permitirá o descarte de blocos de arquivos liberados. Isso melhorará o desempenho do SSD.

Se o SSD não suportar TRIM enfileirado assíncrono, a opção de montagem de descarte prejudicará o desempenho do SSD. Nesse caso, a opção de montagem nodiscard deve ser usada.

Por padrão, a opção de montagem nodiscard é usada.

**11. norecovery

Se a opção de montagem norecovery** for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs não tentará executar a operação de recuperação de dados no momento da montagem.

**12. usebackuproot e nousebackuproot

Se a opção de montagem usebackuproot for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs tentará recuperar qualquer raiz de árvore ruim/corrompida no momento da montagem. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs pode armazenar várias raízes de árvore no sistema de arquivos. A opção de montagem usebackuproot** procurará uma boa raiz de árvore e usará a primeira boa que encontrar.

A opção de montagem nousebackuproot não verificará ou recuperará raízes de árvore inválidas/corrompidas no momento da montagem. Este é o comportamento padrão do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

**13. space_cache, space_cache=version, nospace_cache e clear_cache

A opção de montagem space_cache** é usada para controlar o cache de espaço livre. O cache de espaço livre é usado para melhorar o desempenho da leitura do espaço livre do grupo de blocos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs na memória (RAM).

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta 2 versões do cache de espaço livre: v1 (padrão) e v2

O mecanismo de cache de espaço livre v2 melhora o desempenho de sistemas de arquivos grandes (tamanho de vários terabytes).

Você pode usar a opção de montagem space_cache=v1 para definir a v1 do cache de espaço livre e a opção de montagem space_cache=v2 para definir a v2 do cache de espaço livre.

A opção de montagem clear_cache é usada para limpar o cache de espaço livre.

Quando o cache de espaço livre v2 é criado, o cache deve ser limpo para criar um cache de espaço livre v1 .

Portanto, para usar o cache de espaço livre v1 após a criação do cache de espaço livre v2 , as opções de montagem clear_cache e space_cache=v1 devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,space_cache=v1

A opção de montagem nospace_cache é usada para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre.

Para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre após a criação do cache v1 ou v2 , as opções de montagem nospace_cache e clear_cache devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,nosapce_cache

**14. skip_balance

Por padrão, a operação de balanceamento interrompida/pausada de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs será retomada automaticamente assim que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs for montado. Para desabilitar a retomada automática da operação de equilíbrio interrompido/pausado em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs, você pode usar a opção de montagem skip_balance .**

**15. datacow e nodatacow

A opção datacow** mount habilita o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. É o comportamento padrão.

Se você deseja desabilitar o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs para os arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatacow .

**16. datasum e nodatasum

A opção datasum** mount habilita a soma de verificação de dados para arquivos recém-criados do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Este é o comportamento padrão.

Se você não quiser que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faça a soma de verificação dos dados dos arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatasum .

Perfis Btrfs

Um perfil Btrfs é usado para informar ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs quantas cópias dos dados/metadados devem ser mantidas e quais níveis de RAID devem ser usados para os dados/metadados. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs contém muitos perfis. Entendê-los o ajudará a configurar um RAID Btrfs da maneira que você deseja.

Os perfis Btrfs disponíveis são os seguintes:

single : Se o perfil único for usado para os dados/metadados, apenas uma cópia dos dados/metadados será armazenada no sistema de arquivos, mesmo se você adicionar vários dispositivos de armazenamento ao sistema de arquivos. Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

dup : Se o perfil dup for usado para os dados/metadados, cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos manterá duas cópias dos dados/metadados. Assim, 50% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

raid0 : No perfil raid0 , os dados/metadados serão divididos igualmente em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, não haverá dados/metadados redundantes (duplicados). Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser usado. Se, em qualquer caso, um dos dispositivos de armazenamento falhar, todo o sistema de arquivos será corrompido. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid0 .

raid1 : No perfil raid1 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a uma falha de unidade. Mas você pode usar apenas 50% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1 .

raid1c3 : No perfil raid1c3 , três cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 33% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c3 .

raid1c4 : No perfil raid1c4 , quatro cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a três falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 25% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c4 .

raid10 : No perfil raid10 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos, como no perfil raid1 . Além disso, os dados/metadados serão divididos entre os dispositivos de armazenamento, como no perfil raid0 .

O perfil raid10 é um híbrido dos perfis raid1 e raid0 . Alguns dos dispositivos de armazenamento formam arrays raid1 e alguns desses arrays raid1 são usados para formar um array raid0 . Em uma configuração raid10 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade em cada uma das matrizes raid1 .

Você pode usar 50% do espaço total em disco na configuração raid10 . Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid10 .

raid5 : No perfil raid5 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Uma única paridade será calculada e distribuída entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid5 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade. Se uma unidade falhar, você pode adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir da paridade distribuída das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 1 00x(N-1)/N % do total de espaços em disco na configuração raid5 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid5 .

raid6 : No perfil raid6 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Duas paridades serão calculadas e distribuídas entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid6 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade ao mesmo tempo. Se uma unidade falhar, você poderá adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir das duas paridades distribuídas das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 100x(N-2)/N % do espaço total em disco na configuração raid6 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid6 .

@ 4961e68d:a2212e1c

热死人了

@ 9223d2fa:b57e3de7

12,600 steps

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

Ascolta.

We live in times where the average man is measured by the speeches he gives — not by the commitments he keeps. People talk about dreams, goals, promises… but what truly remains is what’s honored in the silence of small gestures, in actions that don’t seek applause, in attitudes unseen — yet speak volumes.

Punctuality, for example. Showing up on time isn’t about the clock. It’s about respect. Respect for another’s time, yes — but more importantly, respect for one’s own word. A man who is late without reason is already running late in his values. And the one who excuses his own lateness with sweet justifications slowly gets used to mediocrity.

Keeping your word is more than fulfilling promises. It is sealing, with the mouth, what the body must later uphold. Every time a man commits to something, he creates a moral debt with his own dignity. And to break that commitment is to declare bankruptcy — not in the eyes of others, but in front of himself.

And debts? Even the small ones — or especially the small ones — are precise thermometers of character. A forgotten sum, an unpaid favor, a commitment left behind… all of these reveal the structure of the inner building that man resides in. He who neglects the small is merely rehearsing for his future collapse.

Life, contrary to what the reckless say, is not built on grand deeds. It is built with small bricks, laid with almost obsessive precision. The truly great man is the one who respects the details — recognizing in them a code of conduct.

In Sicily, especially in the streets of Palermo, I learned early on that there is more nobility in paying a five-euro debt on time than in flaunting riches gained without word, without honor, without dignity.

As they say in Palermo: L’uomo si conosce dalle piccole cose.

So, amico mio, Don’t talk to me about greatness if you can’t show up on time. Don’t talk to me about respect if your word is fickle. And above all, don’t talk to me about honor if you still owe what you once promised — no matter how small.

Thank you for reading, my friend!

If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ 4961e68d:a2212e1c

热死人了！

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

Simple design

For as long as I remember, I’ve believed in simple design as a principle in my practice. It feels fundamental to me when I think about good design.

At the same time, I see many successful examples of complex products in the world. So I decided to ask, what value is simple design really providing me and my work?

Is it nostalgia?

I sometimes wonder if simple design is rooted in nostalgia. An example I like to use is:

Imagine yourself in the year 1981. You just purchased a brand new desk calculator. You are excited because you should be able to do any type of paperwork calculations you can imagine on it.

As you start to use it for the first time, it immediately prompts you to update its software. After using it for a few calculations, it asks you to fill out a survey about your experience. One day in the middle of adding up your checkbook, it interrupts you to tell you about a new leather-bound desk calendar the company just released. Sometimes in the middle of a complex calculation, the calculator will lag and crash. You have to restart it often to fix the issue.

I have a feeling that a person in 1981 would think this is a terrible calculator. They purchased the device to perform their calculations, nothing more. Why is it requiring so much more of their attention and effort?

Focus

I think simple design often refers to a focused product. A product that does a specific task can sometimes do that task really well. Products that try to do many things can offer a lot of value, but rarely do all the things well.

Some people prefer to use specific tools for specific tasks. Others prefer a wide variety of features.

I think the benefits of using fewer products are often a major reason complex products are successful. They may not be focused, they might be lower quality as a result, but people can use them for a wide variety of applications.

You can open a can of beans with a Swiss Army Knife — it will get the job done.

Art and subjectivity

Maybe simple design is valuable for intangible reasons. There is an art to simplicity. There is a beauty to simplicity.

A user can see more of the product's intentionality. The creator chose to leave certain features out. They decided what to include. The product likely exudes more vision and personality.

That might be unnoticed by some, but very valuable to others who care about craft. People who value the experience as much as the result.

Ease of use

I think a true benefit of simple design is the effect it has on ease of use. The less things there are to do in a product, the more obvious the things you can do become.

A simple product requires less of a user. That means a user can stay focused on their own needs and use the product in ways they define. They will encounter boundaries which limit them. These limitations could drive some away, but some might be engaged to find new and creative ways of working.

When to abandon simple design

I think the sad news is simple design is ultimately a limiting factor of a product's growth. I think there are many examples of this throughout the course of history (i.e. Ello vs Facebook, Rdio vs Spotify, Simplenote vs Notion, VSCO vs Instagram, Clear vs Things, Peach vs Twitter, etc). At the same time, I think 'simple design' does provide an entry point to successfully define what a product is.

The biggest challenge is continuing to evoke the benefits of simple design in an established product, while allowing a product to evolve and grow to meet its users' needs. That is a balancing act that very few products have ever achieved, but feels like an ideal that successful products should strive for.

---

One of Charlie Deets Writings

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/969089

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

Ascolta bene.
A man’s collapse never begins on the battlefield.
It begins in the invisible antechamber of his own mind.
Before any public fall, there is an ignored internal whisper—
a small, quiet, private decision that gradually drags him toward ruin.

No empire ever fell without first rotting from within.
The world does not destroy a man who hasn’t first surrendered to himself.
The enemy outside only wins when it finds space in the void the man has silently carved.

**Non ti sbagliare ** — there are no armies more ruthless than undisciplined thoughts.
There are no blows more fatal than the ones we deal ourselves:
with small concessions, well-crafted excuses,
and the slow deterioration of our integrity.
What people call failure is nothing more than the logical outcome
of a sequence of internal betrayals.

Afraid of the world? Sciocchezze.
But a man who’s already bowed before his own weaknesses—
he needs no enemies.
He digs his own grave, chooses the epitaph,
and the only thing the world does is toss in some dirt.

Capisci?

Strength isn’t the absence of falling, but the presence of resistance.
The true battle isn’t external.
It takes place within—where there’s only you, your conscience, and the mirror.
And it’s in that silent courtroom where everything is decided.

The discipline to say “no” to yourself
is more noble than any public glory.
Self-control is more valuable than any victory over others.

In Sicily, we learn early:
“Cu s’abbrazza cu’ so’ nemicu, si scorda la faccia di l’amicu.”
He who embraces his enemy forgets the face of his friend.
The most dangerous enemy is the one you feed daily with self-indulgence.
And the most relentless confrontation is the one you avoid in front of the mirror.

So don’t talk to me about external defeats.
Tell me where inside you the weakness began.
Tell me the exact moment you abandoned what you believed in, in the name of ease.
Because a man only falls before the world… after falling before himself.

Thank you for reading, my friend!

If this message resonated with you, consider leaving your "🥃" as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ c21b1a6c:0cd4d170

🧾 Progress Report Two

Hey everyone! I’m back with another progress report for Formstr, a part of the now completed grant from nostr:npub10pensatlcfwktnvjjw2dtem38n6rvw8g6fv73h84cuacxn4c28eqyfn34f . This update covers everything we’ve built since the last milestone — including polish, performance, power features, and plenty of bug-squashing.

---

🏗️ What’s New Since Last Time?

This quarter was less about foundational rewrites and more about production hardening and real-world feedback. With users now onboard, our focus shifted to polishing UX, fixing issues, and adding new features that made Formstr easier and more powerful to use.

✨ New Features & UX Improvements

• Edit Existing Forms
• Form Templates
• Drag & Drop Enhancements (especially for mobile)
• New Public Forms UX (card-style layout)
• FAQ & Support Sections
• Relay Modal for Publishing
• Skeleton Loaders and subtle UI Polish

---

🐛 Major Bug Fixes

• Fixed broken CSV exports when responses were empty
• Cleaned up mobile rendering issues for public forms
• Resolved blank.ts export issues and global form bugs
• Fixed invalid npub strings in the admin flow
• Patched response handling for private forms
• Lots of small fixes for titles, drafts, embedded form URLs, etc.

---

🔐 Access Control & Privacy

• Made forms private by default
• Fixed multiple issues around form visibility, access control UIs, and anonymous submissions
• Improved detection of pubkey issues in shared forms

---

🚧 Some Notable In-Progress Features

The following features are actively being developed, and many are nearing completion:

• Conditional Questions:
  This one’s been tough to crack, but we’re close!
  Work in progress by keraliss and myself:
  👉 PR #252

• Downloadable Forms:
  Fully-contained downloadable HTML versions of forms.
  Being led by casyazmon with initial code by Basanta Goswami
  👉 PR #274

• OLLAMA Integration (Self-Hosted LLMs):
  Users will be able to create forms using locally hosted LLMs.
  PR by ashu01304
  👉 PR #247

• Sections in Forms:
  Work just started on adding section support!
  Small PoC PR by keraliss:
  👉 PR #217

---

🙌 Huge Thanks to New Contributors

We've had amazing contributors this cycle. Big thanks to:

• Aashutosh Gandhi (ashu01304) – drag-and-drop enhancements, OLLAMA integration
• Amaresh Prasad (devAmaresh) – fixed npub and access bugs
• Biresh Biswas (Billa05) – skeleton loaders
• Shashank Shekhar Singh (Shashankss1205) – bugfixes, co-authored image patches
• Akap Azmon Deh-nji (casyazmon) – CSV fixes, downloadable forms
• Manas Ranjan Dash (mdash3735) – bug fixes
• Basanta Goswami – initial groundwork for downloadable forms
• keraliss – ongoing work on conditional questions and sections

We also registered for the Summer of Bitcoin program and have been receiving contributions from some incredibly bright new applicants.

---

🔍 What’s Still Coming?

From the wishlist I committed to during the grant, here’s what’s still in the oven:

-[x] Upgrade to nip-44 - [x] Access Controlled Forms: A Form will be able to have multiple admins and Editors. - [x] Private Forms and Fixed Participants: Enncrypt a form and only allow certain npubs to fill it. - [x] Edit Past Forms: Being able to edit an existing form. - [x] Edit Past Forms
- [ ] Conditional Rendering (in progress)
- [ ] Sections (just started)
- [ ] Integrations - OLLAMA / AI-based Form Generation (near complete)
- [ ] Paid Surveys
- [ ] NIP-42 Private Relay support

---

❌ What’s De-Prioritized?

• Nothing is de-prioritized now especially since Ollama Integration got re-prioritized (thanks to Summer Of Bitcoin). We are a little delayed on Private Relays support but it's now becoming a priority and in active development. Zap Surveys will be coming soon too.

---

💸 How Funds Were Used

• Paid individual contributors for their work.
• Living expenses to allow full-time focus on development

---

🧠 Closing Thoughts

Things feel like they’re coming together now. We’re out of "beta hell", starting to see real adoption, and most importantly, gathering feedback from real users. That’s helping us make smarter choices and move fast without breaking too much.

Stay tuned for the next big drop — and in the meantime, try creating a form at formstr.app, and let me know what you think!

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

After being featured in the NY Times and WSJ, New York City officially opens a major addition to Central Park, the Davis Center at the Harlem Meer. Designed by architect Susan T Rodriguez in collaboration with Mitchell Giurgola, the renovation project replaces the old Lasker Rink and pool with a recreational facility that’s built directly into the landscape, restoring nature, reconnecting paths, and creating a year-round space for community activity. At the heart of the new design is a transformative water feature that shifts with the seasons, from a skating rink in winter to a lush green lawn in spring and fall and a pool in the summer.

The center’s new oval-shaped pool sits lower than the old one, surrounded by a gently sloped grassy berm. In winter, the pool becomes an ice-skating rink, making the site a destination in every season. A splash pad at the end of the water feature offers extra water play in the summer. By integrating the design into the natural shape of the land, the architects were able to open up the space around the pool and allow the landscape to flow around it, resulting in a setting that feels like it’s always been there.

Sustainability was a core part of the project. The building is expected to earn LEED Gold certification, thanks to features like passive ventilation, locally sourced stone and wood, energy-efficient systems, and a roof that absorbs rainwater. Bird-safe glass helps protect local wildlife, and recycled materials from the old building were reused during construction. Even more important, the new center supports free and low-cost programming year-round, including education, nature walks, community events, and recreation. It’s designed to welcome all kinds of visitors—from families and school groups to joggers, birdwatchers, and casual parkgoers.

Continue reading: https://www.designboom.com/architecture/giant-pool-new-york-central-park-new-davis-center-susan-t-rodriguez-mitchell-giurgola-04-24-2025/

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/969086

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed software engineering, but their application to physical engineering domains remains underexplored. This paper evaluates LLMs' capabilities in high-powered rocketry design through RocketBench, a benchmark connecting LLMs to high-fidelity rocket simulations. We test models on two increasingly complex design tasks: target altitude optimization and precision landing challenges. Our findings reveal that while state-of-the-art LLMs demonstrate strong baseline engineering knowledge, they struggle to iterate on their designs when given simulation results and ultimately plateau below human performance levels. However, when enhanced with reinforcement learning (RL), we show that a 7B parameter model outperforms both SoTA foundation models and human experts. This research demonstrates that RL-trained LLMs can serve as effective tools for complex engineering optimization, potentially transforming engineering domains beyond software development.

PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.19394

Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19394

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/969083

@ 0b118e40:4edc09cb

note - i wrote this before the global trade war, back when tariffs only affected China, Mexico, and Canada. But you will still get the gist of it.

During tough economic times, governments have to decide if they should open markets to global trade or protect local businesses with tariffs. The United States has swung between these two strategies, and history shows that the results are never straightforward

Just days ago, President Donald Trump imposed tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico, and China. He framed these tariffs (25% on most Canadian goods, 10% on Canadian energy, 25% on Mexican imports, and 10% on Chinese imports) as a way to protect American industries.

But will they actually help, or could they backfire?

A History of U.S. Tariffs

Many have asked if countries will retaliate against the US. They can and they have. Once upon a time, 60 countries were so pissed off at the US, they retaliated at one go and crushed US dominance over trade.

This was during the Great Depression era in the 1930s when the government passed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, placing high taxes on over 20,000 foreign goods. The goal was to protect American jobs, especially American farmers and manufacturers, but it backfired so badly.

Over 60 countries, including Canada, France, and Germany, retaliated by imposing their own tariffs. By 1933, US imports and exports both dropped significantly over 60%, and unemployment rose to 25%.

After President Franklin Roosevelt came to office, he implemented the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934 to reverse these policies, calming the world down and reviving trade again.

The economist history of protectionism

The idea of shielding local businesses with tariffs isn’t new or recent. It's been around for a few centuries. In the 16th to 18th centuries, mercantilism encouraged countries to limit imports and boost exports.

In the 18th century, Adam Smith, in The Wealth of Nations, argued that free trade allows nations to specialize in what they do best countering protectionism policies. Friedrich List later challenged Smith's view by stating that developing countries need some protection to grow their “infant” industries which is a belief that still influences many governments today.

But how often do governments truly support startups and new small businesses in ways that create real growth, rather than allowing funds to trickle down to large corporations instead?

In modern times, John Maynard Keynes supported government intervention during economic downturns, while Milton Friedman championed free trade and minimal state interference.

Paul Krugman argued that limited protectionism can help large industries by providing them unfair advantages to become global market leaders. I have deep reservations about Krugman’s take, particularly on its impact or lack thereof in globalizing small businesses.

The debate between free trade and protectionism has existed for centuries. What’s clear is that there is no one-size-fits-all model to this.

The Political Debate - left vs right

Both the left and right have used tariffs but for different reasons. The right supports tariffs to protect jobs and industries, while the left uses them to prevent multinational corporations from exploiting cheap labor abroad.

Neoliberal policies favor free trade, arguing that competition drives efficiency and growth. In the US this gets a little bit confusing as liberals are tied to the left, and free trade is tied to libertarianism which the rights align closely with, yet at present right wing politicians push for protectionism which crosses the boundaries of free-trade.

There are also institutions like the WTO and IMF who advocate for open markets, but their policies often reflect political alliances and preferential treatment - so it depends on what you define as true 'free trade’.

Who Really Benefits from Tariffs?

Most often, tariffs help capital-intensive industries like pharmaceuticals, tech, and defense, while hurting labor-intensive sectors like manufacturing, agriculture, and construction.

This worsens inequality as big corporations will thrive, while small businesses and working-class people struggle with rising costs and fewer job opportunities.

I’ve been reading through international trade economics out of personal interest, I'll share some models below on why this is the case

1. The Disruption of Natural Trade

Tariffs disrupt the natural flow of trade. The Heckscher-Ohlin model explains that countries export goods that match their resources like Canada’s natural resource energy or China’s labour intensive textile and electronics. When tariffs block this natural exchange, industries suffer.

A clear example was Europe’s energy crisis during the Russia-Ukraine war. By abruptly cutting themselves off from the supply of Russian energy, Europe scrambled to find alternative sources. In the end, it was the people who had to bear the brunt of skyrocketing prices of energy.

2. Who wins and who loses?

The Stolper-Samuelson theorem helps us understand who benefits from tariffs and who loses. The idea behind it is that tariffs benefit capital-intensive industries, while labor-intensive sectors are hurt.

In the US, small manufacturing industries that rely on low-cost imports on intermediary parts from countries like China and Mexico will face rising costs, making their final goods too expensive and less competitive. This is similar to what happened to Argentina, where subsidies and devaluation of pesos contributed to cost-push inflation, making locally produced goods more expensive and less competitive globally.

This also reminded me of the decline of the US Rust Belt during the 1970s and 1980s, where the outsourcing of labour-intensive manufacturing jobs led to economic stagnation in many regions in the Midwest, while capital-intensive sectors flourished on the coasts. It resulted in significantly high income inequality that has not improved over the last 40 years.

Ultimately the cost of economic disruption is disproportionately borne by smaller businesses and low-skilled workers. At the end of the day, the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.

3. Delays in Economic Growth

The Rybczynski theorem suggests that economic growth depends on how efficiently nations reallocate their resources toward capital- or labor-intensive industries. But tariffs can distort this transition and progress.

In the 70s and 80s, the US steel industry had competition from Japan and Germany who modernized their production methods, making their steel more efficient and cost-effective. Instead of prioritizing innovation, many U.S. steel producers relied on tariffs and protectionist measures to shield themselves from foreign competition. This helped for a bit but over time, American steelmakers lost global market share as foreign competitors continued to produce better, cheaper steel. Other factors, such as aging infrastructure, and economic shifts toward a service-based economy, further contributed to the industry's decline.

A similar struggle is seen today with China’s high-tech ambitions. Tariffs on Chinese electronics and technology products limit access to key inputs, such as semiconductors and advanced robotics. While China continues its push for automation and AI-driven manufacturing, these trade barriers increase costs and disrupt supply chains, forcing China to accelerate its decoupling from Western markets. This shift could further strengthen alliances within BRICS, as China seeks alternative trade partnerships to reduce reliance on U.S.-controlled financial and technological ecosystems.

Will the current Tariff imposition backfire and isolate the US like it did a hundred years ago or 50 years ago? Is US risking it's position as a trusted economic leader? Only time would tell

The impact of tariff on innovation - or lack thereof

While the short-term impacts of tariffs often include higher consumer prices and job losses, the long-term effects can be even more damaging, as they discourage innovation by increasing costs and reducing competition.

Some historical examples globally : * Nigeria: Blocking import of rice opened up black market out of desperation to survive. * Brazil: Protectionist car policies led to expensive, outdated vehicles. * Malaysia’s Proton: Sheltered by tariffs and cronyism and failed to compete globally. * India (before 1991): Over-regulation limited the industries, until economic reforms allowed for growth. * Soviet Union during Cold War : Substandard products and minimal innovation due to the absence of foreign alternatives, yielding to economic stagnation.

On the flip side, Vietnam has significantly reduced protectionism policies by actively pursuing free trade agreements. This enabled it to become a key manufacturing hub. But Vietnam is not stopping there as it is actively pushing forward its capital-intensive growth by funding entrepreneurs.

The Future of U.S. Tariffs

History has shown that tariffs rarely deliver their intended benefits without unintended consequences. While they may provide temporary relief, they often raise prices, shrink job opportunities, and weaken industries in the long run.

Without a clear strategy for innovation and industrial modernization, the U.S. risks repeating past mistakes of isolating itself from global trade rather than strengthening its economy.

At this point, only time will tell whether these tariffs will truly help Americans or will they, once again, make the rich richer and the poor poorer.

@ 3b3a42d3:d192e325

Atomic Signature Swaps (ASS) over Nostr is a protocol for atomically exchanging Schnorr signatures using Nostr events for orchestration. This new primitive enables multiple interesting applications like:

• Getting paid to publish specific Nostr events
• Issuing automatic payment receipts
• Contract signing in exchange for payment
• P2P asset exchanges
• Trading and enforcement of asset option contracts
• Payment in exchange for Nostr-based credentials or access tokens
• Exchanging GMs 🌞

It only requires that (i) the involved signatures be Schnorr signatures using the secp256k1 curve and that (ii) at least one of those signatures be accessible to both parties. These requirements are naturally met by Nostr events (published to relays), Taproot transactions (published to the mempool and later to the blockchain), and Cashu payments (using mints that support NUT-07, allowing any pair of these signatures to be swapped atomically.

How the Cryptographic Magic Works 🪄

This is a Schnorr signature (Zₓ, s):

s = z + H(Zₓ || P || m)⋅k

If you haven't seen it before, don't worry, neither did I until three weeks ago.

The signature scalar s is the the value a signer with private key k (and public key P = k⋅G) must calculate to prove his commitment over the message m given a randomly generated nonce z (Zₓ is just the x-coordinate of the public point Z = z⋅G). H is a hash function (sha256 with the tag "BIP0340/challenge" when dealing with BIP340), || just means to concatenate and G is the generator point of the elliptic curve, used to derive public values from private ones.

Now that you understand what this equation means, let's just rename z = r + t. We can do that, z is just a randomly generated number that can be represented as the sum of two other numbers. It also follows that z⋅G = r⋅G + t⋅G ⇔ Z = R + T. Putting it all back into the definition of a Schnorr signature we get:

s = (r + t) + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k

Which is the same as:

s = sₐ + t where sₐ = r + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k

sₐ is what we call the adaptor signature scalar) and t is the secret. ((R + T)ₓ, sₐ) is an incomplete signature that just becomes valid by add the secret t to the sₐ:

s = sₐ + t

What is also important for our purposes is that by getting access to the valid signature s, one can also extract t from it by just subtracting sₐ:

t = s - sₐ

The specific value of t depends on our choice of the public point T, since R is just a public point derived from a randomly generated nonce r.

So how do we choose T so that it requires the secret t to be the signature over a specific message m' by an specific public key P'? (without knowing the value of t)

Let's start with the definition of t as a valid Schnorr signature by P' over m':

t = r' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅k' ⇔ t⋅G = r'⋅G + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅k'⋅G

That is the same as:

T = R' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅P'

Notice that in order to calculate the appropriate T that requires t to be an specific signature scalar, we only need to know the public nonce R' used to generate that signature.

In summary: in order to atomically swap Schnorr signatures, one party P' must provide a public nonce R', while the other party P must provide an adaptor signature using that nonce:

sₐ = r + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k where T = R' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅P'

P' (the nonce provider) can then add his own signature t to the adaptor signature sₐ in order to get a valid signature by P, i.e. s = sₐ + t. When he publishes this signature (as a Nostr event, Cashu transaction or Taproot transaction), it becomes accessible to P that can now extract the signature t by P' and also make use of it.

Important considerations

A signature may not be useful at the end of the swap if it unlocks funds that have already been spent, or that are vulnerable to fee bidding wars.

When a swap involves a Taproot UTXO, it must always use a 2-of-2 multisig timelock to avoid those issues.

Cashu tokens do not require this measure when its signature is revealed first, because the mint won't reveal the other signature if they can't be successfully claimed, but they also require a 2-of-2 multisig timelock when its signature is only revealed last (what is unavoidable in cashu for cashu swaps).

For Nostr events, whoever receives the signature first needs to publish it to at least one relay that is accessible by the other party. This is a reasonable expectation in most cases, but may be an issue if the event kind involved is meant to be used privately.

How to Orchestrate the Swap over Nostr?

Before going into the specific event kinds, it is important to recognize what are the requirements they must meet and what are the concerns they must address. There are mainly three requirements:

• Both parties must agree on the messages they are going to sign
• One party must provide a public nonce
• The other party must provide an adaptor signature using that nonce

There is also a fundamental asymmetry in the roles of both parties, resulting in the following significant downsides for the party that generates the adaptor signature:

• NIP-07 and remote signers do not currently support the generation of adaptor signatures, so he must either insert his nsec in the client or use a fork of another signer
• There is an overhead of retrieving the completed signature containing the secret, either from the blockchain, mint endpoint or finding the appropriate relay
• There is risk he may not get his side of the deal if the other party only uses his signature privately, as I have already mentioned
• There is risk of losing funds by not extracting or using the signature before its timelock expires. The other party has no risk since his own signature won't be exposed by just not using the signature he received.

The protocol must meet all those requirements, allowing for some kind of role negotiation and while trying to reduce the necessary hops needed to complete the swap.

Swap Proposal Event (kind:455)

This event enables a proposer and his counterparty to agree on the specific messages whose signatures they intend to exchange. The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{     "give": <signature spec (required)>,     "take": <signature spec (required)>,     "exp": <expiration timestamp (optional)>,     "role": "<adaptor | nonce (optional)>",     "description": "<Info about the proposal (optional)>",     "nonce": "<Signature public nonce (optional)>",     "enc_s": "<Encrypted signature scalar (optional)>" }

The field role indicates what the proposer will provide during the swap, either the nonce or the adaptor. When this optional field is not provided, the counterparty may decide whether he will send a nonce back in a Swap Nonce event or a Swap Adaptor event using the nonce (optionally) provided by in the Swap Proposal in order to avoid one hop of interaction.

The enc_s field may be used to store the encrypted scalar of the signature associated with the nonce, since this information is necessary later when completing the adaptor signature received from the other party.

A signature spec specifies the type and all necessary information for producing and verifying a given signature. In the case of signatures for Nostr events, it contain a template with all the fields, except pubkey, id and sig:

{ "type": "nostr", "template": { "kind": "<kind>"        "content": "<content>"        "tags": [ … ],        "created_at": "<created_at>" } }

In the case of Cashu payments, a simplified signature spec just needs to specify the payment amount and an array of mints trusted by the proposer:

{   "type": "cashu",   "amount": "<amount>",   "mint": ["<acceptable mint_url>", …] }

This works when the payer provides the adaptor signature, but it still needs to be extended to also work when the payer is the one receiving the adaptor signature. In the later case, the signature spec must also include a timelock and the derived public keys Y of each Cashu Proof, but for now let's just ignore this situation. It should be mentioned that the mint must be trusted by both parties and also support Token state check (NUT-07) for revealing the completed adaptor signature and P2PK spending conditions (NUT-11) for the cryptographic scheme to work.

The tags are:

• "p", the proposal counterparty's public key (required)
• "a", a kind:30455 Swap Listing event or an application specific version of it (optional)

Forget about this Swap Listing event for now, I will get to it later...

Swap Nonce Event (kind:456) - Optional

This is an optional event for the Swap Proposal receiver to provide the public nonce of his signature when the proposal does not include a nonce or when he does not want to provide the adaptor signature due to the downsides previously mentioned. The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{     "nonce": "<Signature public nonce>",     "enc_s": "<Encrypted signature scalar (optional)>" }

And the tags must contain:

• "e", a kind:455 Swap Proposal Event (required)
• "p", the counterparty's public key (required)

Swap Adaptor Event (kind:457)

The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{ "adaptors": [ {         "sa": "<Adaptor signature scalar>",         "R": "<Signer's public nonce (including parity byte)>",         "T": "<Adaptor point (including parity byte)>",         "Y": "<Cashu proof derived public key (if applicable)>",     }, …],     "cashu": "<Cashu V4 token (if applicable)>" }

And the tags must contain:

• "e", a kind:455 Swap Proposal Event (required)
• "p", the counterparty's public key (required)

Discoverability

The Swap Listing event previously mentioned as an optional tag in the Swap Proposal may be used to find an appropriate counterparty for a swap. It allows a user to announce what he wants to accomplish, what his requirements are and what is still open for negotiation.

Swap Listing Event (kind:30455)

The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{ "description": "<Information about the listing (required)>", "give": <partial signature spec (optional)>, "take": <partial signature spec (optional)>, "examples: [<take signature spec>], // optional "exp": <expiration timestamp (optional)>, "role": "<adaptor | nonce (optional)>" }

The description field describes the restrictions on counterparties and signatures the user is willing to accept.

A partial signature spec is an incomplete signature spec used in Swap Proposal events kind:455 where omitting fields signals that they are still open for negotiation.

The examples field is an array of signature specs the user would be willing to take.

The tags are:

• "d", a unique listing id (required)
• "s", the status of the listing draft | open | closed (required)
• "t", topics related to this listing (optional)
• "p", public keys to notify about the proposal (optional)

Application Specific Swap Listings

Since Swap Listings are still fairly generic, it is expected that specific use cases define new event kinds based on the generic listing. Those application specific swap listing would be easier to filter by clients and may impose restrictions and add new fields and/or tags. The following are some examples under development:

Sponsored Events

This listing is designed for users looking to promote content on the Nostr network, as well as for those who want to monetize their accounts by sharing curated sponsored content with their existing audiences.

It follows the same format as the generic Swap Listing event, but uses the kind:30456 instead.

The following new tags are included:

• "k", event kind being sponsored (required)
• "title", campaign title (optional)

It is required that at least one signature spec (give and/or take) must have "type": "nostr" and also contain the following tag ["sponsor", "<pubkey>", "<attestation>"] with the sponsor's public key and his signature over the signature spec without the sponsor tag as his attestation. This last requirement enables clients to disclose and/or filter sponsored events.

Asset Swaps

This listing is designed for users looking for counterparties to swap different assets that can be transferred using Schnorr signatures, like any unit of Cashu tokens, Bitcoin or other asset IOUs issued using Taproot.

It follows the same format as the generic Swap Listing event, but uses the kind:30457 instead.

It requires the following additional tags:

• "t", asset pair to be swapped (e.g. "btcusd")
• "t", asset being offered (e.g. "btc")
• "t", accepted payment method (e.g. "cashu", "taproot")

Swap Negotiation

From finding an appropriate Swap Listing to publishing a Swap Proposal, there may be some kind of negotiation between the involved parties, e.g. agreeing on the amount to be paid by one of the parties or the exact content of a Nostr event signed by the other party. There are many ways to accomplish that and clients may implement it as they see fit for their specific goals. Some suggestions are:

• Adding kind:1111 Comments to the Swap Listing or an existing Swap Proposal
• Exchanging tentative Swap Proposals back and forth until an agreement is reached
• Simple exchanges of DMs
• Out of band communication (e.g. Signal)

Work to be done

I've been refining this specification as I develop some proof-of-concept clients to experience its flaws and trade-offs in practice. I left the signature spec for Taproot signatures out of the current document as I still have to experiment with it. I will probably find some important orchestration issues related to dealing with 2-of-2 multisig timelocks, which also affects Cashu transactions when spent last, that may require further adjustments to what was presented here.

The main goal of this article is to find other people interested in this concept and willing to provide valuable feedback before a PR is opened in the NIPs repository for broader discussions.

References

• GM Swap- Nostr client for atomically exchanging GM notes. Live demo available here.
• Sig4Sats Script - A Typescript script demonstrating the swap of a Cashu payment for a signed Nostr event.
• Loudr- Nostr client under development for sponsoring the publication of Nostr events. Live demo available at loudr.me.
• Poelstra, A. (2017). Scriptless Scripts. Blockstream Research. https://github.com/BlockstreamResearch/scriptless-scripts

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

Introduction: Don't Despair—This Can Be Fixed (But Don't Reboot Yet)

Running ZFS on a Raspberry Pi offers powerful features for home servers and personal NAS setups. But with power comes complexity, and in recent months, a quiet pitfall has emerged for Pi users who track kernel updates closely: upgrading to an unsupported kernel version breaks ZFS.

⚠️ Important Warning: If you've just upgraded your kernel and you're using ZFS, do not reboot yet. Rebooting without a working ZFS module can leave your system unbootable—even if you don't have critical partitions on ZFS. The system may hang because it tries to load the missing ZFS kernel module during boot and fails, halting the boot process.

If you're already facing a broken setup or can't boot — don't panic. This guide outlines both the worst-case scenario and the ideal recovery strategy. Whether you're locked out or preparing for a smooth upgrade, we've got you covered.

---

The Problem: A Kernel Update Too Far

As of ZFS version 2.2.3 (used in Debian-based Raspberry Pi OS), the filesystem supports Linux kernels up to 6.7. However, Raspberry Pi OS backports recently began shipping 6.12.x kernels. If you upgrade to 6.12 without precautions:

• ZFS will fail to compile against the new kernel
• DKMS errors will appear during package updates
• Your ZFS module will be missing after reboot
• Your Raspberry Pi may fail to boot, even without ZFS-mounted root or critical paths, simply due to systemd or boot scripts expecting the kernel module to be present

Example ZFS Compilation Error:

During package updates or installs, you'll see something like:

checking whether bdev_open_by_path() exists... configure: error: *** None of the expected "blkdev_get_by_path()" interfaces were detected. *** This may be because your kernel version is newer than what is *** supported, or you are using a patched custom kernel with *** incompatible modifications. *** *** ZFS Version: zfs-2.2.3-1~bpo12+1~rpt1 *** Compatible Kernels: 3.10 - 6.7

This error means ZFS cannot build its kernel module against Linux 6.12.x, making it unusable.

Why This Happens: The Version Trap

The key problem is that ZFS 2.2.3 remains installed even after a kernel upgrade, and it doesn't get upgraded automatically during apt upgrade. Since ZFS 2.2.3 only supports up to kernel 6.7, it fails to compile against 6.12.x.

However, if you remove and then reinstall ZFS, the package manager installs ZFS 2.3.1, which does support Linux kernel 6.12.x. This version transition is what resolves the issue — but only if you explicitly purge and reinstall ZFS.

---

Worst Case: The System That Wouldn’t Boot

After upgrading the kernel and rebooting, the system failed to boot properly. It showed errors like:

cannot open access to console, the root account is locked

Although the system did not have critical filesystems on ZFS, the boot process still stalled because system services attempted to load the ZFS kernel module, which was no longer available. This resulted in an unrecoverable boot failure.

The only way forward was to reformat and reinstall Raspberry Pi OS. However, the default Raspberry Pi OS image still comes with a 6.6.x kernel, which is incompatible with ZFS 2.3.1 and newer kernels unless upgraded. Therefore, the recovery process requires one crucial step:

1. First, perform a full system upgrade:

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

This brings the kernel up to 6.12.x.

1. Then, reinstall ZFS:

sudo apt install zfs-dkms zfsutils-linux

Once this is complete, your system will be running kernel 6.12 with ZFS 2.3.1, and you can safely import your pools and resume operations.

---

Best Case Recovery: Clean Cut, Clean Upgrade

For users who can still log into their system, here's the cleanest and safest sequence to move forward:

1. Stop all services using ZFS, including Docker, NFS, Samba, backup tools, etc.
2. Export all ZFS pools:

sudo zpool export -a 3. Disable swap if it lives on a ZFS vdev:

sudo swapoff /dev/sdXn 4. Purge ZFS packages:

sudo apt purge zfsutils-linux zfs-dkms zfs-zed sudo rm -rf /usr/src/zfs* /var/lib/dkms/zfs 5. Update the kernel to the desired version:

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade 6. Reboot into the new kernel:

sudo reboot 7. Reinstall ZFS:

sudo apt install zfs-dkms zfsutils-linux 8. Import your pool(s):

sudo zpool import poolname 9. Restart services that depend on ZFS.

---

Final Notes: Prevention Is Better Than Recovery

To avoid this issue in the future:

• Hold your current working kernel version:

sudo apt-mark hold linux-image-rpi-v8 linux-headers-rpi-v8 * Or track ZFS GitHub for kernel compatibility before upgrading * Or test upgrades on a second Pi or cloned SD card before rolling them out to production

---

Conclusion: A Solvable Trap

ZFS on the Raspberry Pi remains a powerful option, but it demands careful version tracking. If you upgrade responsibly, or recover cleanly as described above, you can continue benefiting from advanced features like snapshots, send/receive, and compression even on this tiny powerhouse.

Don’t let a kernel update ruin your storage plans—with preparation, the Pi + ZFS combo can remain stable and strong.

@ ccb30bfc:90b6869f

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@ 66675158:1b644430

I don't believe in "vibe coding" – it's just the newest Silicon Valley fad trying to give meaning to their latest favorite technology, LLMs. We've seen this pattern before with blockchain, when suddenly Non Fungible Tokens appeared, followed by Web3 startups promising to revolutionize everything from social media to supply chains. VCs couldn't throw money fast enough at anything with "decentralized" (in name only) in the pitch deck. Andreessen Horowitz launched billion-dollar crypto funds, while Y Combinator batches filled with blockchain startups promising to be "Uber for X, but on the blockchain."

The metaverse mania followed, with Meta betting its future on digital worlds where we'd supposedly hang out as legless avatars. Decentralized (in name only) autonomous organizations emerged as the next big thing – supposedly democratic internet communities that ended up being the next scam for quick money.

Then came the inevitable collapse. The FTX implosion in late 2022 revealed fraud, Luna/Terra's death spiral wiped out billions (including my ten thousand dollars), while Celsius and BlockFi froze customer assets before bankruptcy.

By 2023, crypto winter had fully set in. The SEC started aggressive enforcement actions, while users realized that blockchain technology had delivered almost no practical value despite a decade of promises.

Blockchain's promises tapped into fundamental human desires – decentralization resonated with a generation disillusioned by traditional institutions. Evangelists presented a utopian vision of freedom from centralized control. Perhaps most significantly, crypto offered a sense of meaning in an increasingly abstract world, making the clear signs of scams harder to notice.

The technology itself had failed to solve any real-world problems at scale. By 2024, the once-mighty crypto ecosystem had become a cautionary tale. Venture firms quietly scrubbed blockchain references from their websites while founders pivoted to AI and large language models.

---

Most reading this are likely fellow bitcoiners and nostr users who understand that Bitcoin is blockchain's only valid use case. But I shared that painful history because I believe the AI-hype cycle will follow the same trajectory.

Just like with blockchain, we're now seeing VCs who once couldn't stop talking about "Web3" falling over themselves to fund anything with "AI" in the pitch deck. The buzzwords have simply changed from "decentralized" to "intelligent."

"Vibe coding" is the perfect example – a trendy name for what is essentially just fuzzy instructions to LLMs. Developers who've spent years honing programming skills are now supposed to believe that "vibing" with an AI is somehow a legitimate methodology.

This might be controversial to some, but obvious to others:

Formal, context-free grammar will always remain essential for building precise systems, regardless of how advanced natural language technology becomes

The mathematical precision of programming languages provides a foundation that human language's ambiguity can never replace. Programming requires precision – languages, compilers, and processors operate on explicit instructions, not vibes. What "vibe coding" advocates miss is that beneath every AI-generated snippet lies the same deterministic rules that have always governed computation.

LLMs don't understand code in any meaningful sense—they've just ingested enormous datasets of human-written code and can predict patterns. When they "work," it's because they've seen similar patterns before, not because they comprehend the underlying logic.

This creates a dangerous dependency. Junior developers "vibing" with LLMs might get working code without understanding the fundamental principles. When something breaks in production, they'll lack the knowledge to fix it.

Even experienced developers can find themselves in treacherous territory when relying too heavily on LLM-generated code. What starts as a productivity boost can transform into a dependency crutch.

The real danger isn't just technical limitations, but the false confidence it instills. Developers begin to believe they understand systems they've merely instructed an AI to generate – fundamentally different from understanding code you've written yourself.

We're already seeing the warning signs: projects cobbled together with LLM-generated code that work initially but become maintenance nightmares when requirements change or edge cases emerge.

The venture capital money is flowing exactly as it did with blockchain. Anthropic raised billions, OpenAI is valued astronomically despite minimal revenue, and countless others are competing to build ever-larger models with vague promises. Every startup now claims to be "AI-powered" regardless of whether it makes sense.

Don't get me wrong—there's genuine innovation happening in AI research. But "vibe coding" isn't it. It's a marketing term designed to make fuzzy prompting sound revolutionary.

Cursor perfectly embodies this AI hype cycle. It's an AI-enhanced code editor built on VS Code that promises to revolutionize programming by letting you "chat with your codebase." Just like blockchain startups promised to "revolutionize" industries, Cursor promises to transform development by adding LLM capabilities.

Yes, Cursor can be genuinely helpful. It can explain unfamiliar code, suggest completions, and help debug simple issues. After trying it for just an hour, I found the autocomplete to be MAGICAL for simple refactoring and basic functionality.

But the marketing goes far beyond reality. The suggestion that you can simply describe what you want and get production-ready code is dangerously misleading. What you get are approximations with:

• Security vulnerabilities the model doesn't understand
• Edge cases it hasn't considered
• Performance implications it can't reason about
• Dependency conflicts it has no way to foresee

The most concerning aspect is how such tools are marketed to beginners as shortcuts around learning fundamentals. "Why spend years learning to code when you can just tell AI what you want?" This is reminiscent of how crypto was sold as a get-rich-quick scheme requiring no actual understanding.

When you "vibe code" with an AI, you're not eliminating complexity—you're outsourcing understanding to a black box. This creates developers who can prompt but not program, who can generate but not comprehend.

The real utility of LLMs in development is in augmenting existing workflows:

• Explaining unfamiliar codebases
• Generating boilerplate for well-understood patterns
• Suggesting implementations that a developer evaluates critically
• Assisting with documentation and testing

These uses involve the model as a subordinate assistant to a knowledgeable developer, not as a replacement for expertise. This is where the technology adds value—as a sophisticated tool in skilled hands.

Cursor is just a better hammer, not a replacement for understanding what you're building. The actual value emerges when used by developers who understand what happens beneath the abstractions. They can recognize when AI suggestions make sense and when they don't because they have the fundamental knowledge to evaluate output critically.

This is precisely where the "vibe coding" narrative falls apart.

@ ccb30bfc:90b6869f

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@ eac63075:b4988b48

Since its creation in 2009, Bitcoin has symbolized innovation and resilience. However, from time to time, alarmist narratives arise about emerging technologies that could "break" its security. Among these, quantum computing stands out as one of the most recurrent. But does quantum computing truly threaten Bitcoin? And more importantly, what is the community doing to ensure the protocol remains invulnerable?

The answer, contrary to sensationalist headlines, is reassuring: Bitcoin is secure, and the community is already preparing for a future where quantum computing becomes a practical reality. Let’s dive into this topic to understand why the concerns are exaggerated and how the development of BIP-360 demonstrates that Bitcoin is one step ahead.

---

What Is Quantum Computing, and Why Is Bitcoin Not Threatened?

Quantum computing leverages principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations that, in theory, could exponentially surpass classical computers—and it has nothing to do with what so-called “quantum coaches” teach to scam the uninformed. One of the concerns is that this technology could compromise two key aspects of Bitcoin’s security:

1. Wallets: These use elliptic curve algorithms (ECDSA) to protect private keys. A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could deduce a private key from its public key.
2. Mining: This is based on the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the consensus process. A quantum attack could, in theory, compromise the proof-of-work mechanism.

---

Understanding Quantum Computing’s Attack Priorities

While quantum computing is often presented as a threat to Bitcoin, not all parts of the network are equally vulnerable. Theoretical attacks would be prioritized based on two main factors: ease of execution and potential reward. This creates two categories of attacks:

1. Attacks on Wallets

Bitcoin wallets, secured by elliptic curve algorithms, would be the initial targets due to the relative vulnerability of their public keys, especially those already exposed on the blockchain. Two attack scenarios stand out:

• Short-term attacks: These occur during the interval between sending a transaction and its inclusion in a block (approximately 10 minutes). A quantum computer could intercept the exposed public key and derive the corresponding private key to redirect funds by creating a transaction with higher fees.

• Long-term attacks: These focus on old wallets whose public keys are permanently exposed. Wallets associated with Satoshi Nakamoto, for example, are especially vulnerable because they were created before the practice of using hashes to mask public keys.

We can infer a priority order for how such attacks might occur based on urgency and importance.

Bitcoin Quantum Attack: Prioritization Matrix (Urgency vs. Importance)

2. Attacks on Mining

Targeting the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the mining process, would be the next objective. However, this is far more complex and requires a level of quantum computational power that is currently non-existent and far from realization. A successful attack would allow for the recalculation of all possible hashes to dominate the consensus process and potentially "mine" it instantly.

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Satoshi Nakamoto in 2010 on Quantum Computing and Bitcoin Attacks

Recently, Narcelio asked me about a statement I made on Tubacast:

https://x.com/eddieoz/status/1868371296683511969

If an attack became a reality before Bitcoin was prepared, it would be necessary to define the last block prior to the attack and proceed from there using a new hashing algorithm. The solution would resemble the response to the infamous 2013 bug. It’s a fact that this would cause market panic, and Bitcoin's price would drop significantly, creating a potential opportunity for the well-informed.

Preferably, if developers could anticipate the threat and had time to work on a solution and build consensus before an attack, they would simply decide on a future block for the fork, which would then adopt the new algorithm. It might even rehash previous blocks (reaching consensus on them) to avoid potential reorganization through the re-mining of blocks using the old hash. (I often use the term "shielding" old transactions).

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How Can Users Protect Themselves?

While quantum computing is still far from being a practical threat, some simple measures can already protect users against hypothetical scenarios:

• Avoid using exposed public keys: Ensure funds sent to old wallets are transferred to new ones that use public key hashes. This reduces the risk of long-term attacks.
• Use modern wallets: Opt for wallets compatible with SegWit or Taproot, which implement better security practices.
• Monitor security updates: Stay informed about updates from the Bitcoin community, such as the implementation of BIP-360, which will introduce quantum-resistant addresses.
• Do not reuse addresses: Every transaction should be associated with a new address to minimize the risk of repeated exposure of the same public key.
• Adopt secure backup practices: Create offline backups of private keys and seeds in secure locations, protected from unauthorized access.

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BIP-360 and Bitcoin’s Preparation for the Future

Even though quantum computing is still beyond practical reach, the Bitcoin community is not standing still. A concrete example is BIP-360, a proposal that establishes the technical framework to make wallets resistant to quantum attacks.

BIP-360 addresses three main pillars:

1. Introduction of quantum-resistant addresses: A new address format starting with "BC1R" will be used. These addresses will be compatible with post-quantum algorithms, ensuring that stored funds are protected from future attacks.
2. Compatibility with the current ecosystem: The proposal allows users to transfer funds from old addresses to new ones without requiring drastic changes to the network infrastructure.
3. Flexibility for future updates: BIP-360 does not limit the choice of specific algorithms. Instead, it serves as a foundation for implementing new post-quantum algorithms as technology evolves.

This proposal demonstrates how Bitcoin can adapt to emerging threats without compromising its decentralized structure.

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Post-Quantum Algorithms: The Future of Bitcoin Cryptography

The community is exploring various algorithms to protect Bitcoin from quantum attacks. Among the most discussed are:

• Falcon: A solution combining smaller public keys with compact digital signatures. Although it has been tested in limited scenarios, it still faces scalability and performance challenges.
• Sphincs: Hash-based, this algorithm is renowned for its resilience, but its signatures can be extremely large, making it less efficient for networks like Bitcoin’s blockchain.
• Lamport: Created in 1977, it’s considered one of the earliest post-quantum security solutions. Despite its reliability, its gigantic public keys (16,000 bytes) make it impractical and costly for Bitcoin.

Two technologies show great promise and are well-regarded by the community:

1. Lattice-Based Cryptography: Considered one of the most promising, it uses complex mathematical structures to create systems nearly immune to quantum computing. Its implementation is still in its early stages, but the community is optimistic.
2. Supersingular Elliptic Curve Isogeny: These are very recent digital signature algorithms and require extensive study and testing before being ready for practical market use.

The final choice of algorithm will depend on factors such as efficiency, cost, and integration capability with the current system. Additionally, it is preferable that these algorithms are standardized before implementation, a process that may take up to 10 years.

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Why Quantum Computing Is Far from Being a Threat

The alarmist narrative about quantum computing overlooks the technical and practical challenges that still need to be overcome. Among them:

• Insufficient number of qubits: Current quantum computers have only a few hundred qubits, whereas successful attacks would require millions.
• High error rate: Quantum stability remains a barrier to reliable large-scale operations.
• High costs: Building and operating large-scale quantum computers requires massive investments, limiting their use to scientific or specific applications.

Moreover, even if quantum computers make significant advancements, Bitcoin is already adapting to ensure its infrastructure is prepared to respond.

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Conclusion: Bitcoin’s Secure Future

Despite advancements in quantum computing, the reality is that Bitcoin is far from being threatened. Its security is ensured not only by its robust architecture but also by the community’s constant efforts to anticipate and mitigate challenges.

The implementation of BIP-360 and the pursuit of post-quantum algorithms demonstrate that Bitcoin is not only resilient but also proactive. By adopting practical measures, such as using modern wallets and migrating to quantum-resistant addresses, users can further protect themselves against potential threats.

Bitcoin’s future is not at risk—it is being carefully shaped to withstand any emerging technology, including quantum computing.

@ 7c082548:0b32521e

TQ247 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến được thiết kế để mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm mới mẻ và đầy thú vị. Với giao diện người dùng đơn giản, dễ sử dụng và phong cách thiết kế hiện đại, TQ247 mang đến một không gian giải trí tuyệt vời, nơi người tham gia có thể dễ dàng truy cập vào các trò chơi và dịch vụ đa dạng. Từ những trò chơi trí tuệ giúp kích thích tư duy cho đến những trò chơi hành động đầy kịch tính, TQ247 đều đáp ứng được nhu cầu giải trí của người tham gia ở mọi lứa tuổi. Nền tảng này không ngừng cải tiến và cập nhật các tính năng mới, nhằm đem lại những trải nghiệm mượt mà và hấp dẫn hơn nữa cho người tham gia. TQ247 cũng tổ chức thường xuyên các sự kiện và chương trình khuyến mãi, giúp người tham gia có cơ hội nhận được các phần thưởng hấp dẫn và gia tăng hứng thú khi tham gia các hoạt động giải trí.

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Không chỉ chú trọng đến các yếu tố về bảo mật và chất lượng dịch vụ, TQ247 còn đặc biệt quan tâm đến việc xây dựng một cộng đồng người tham gia thân thiện và gắn kết. Nền tảng này thường xuyên tổ chức các hoạt động giao lưu, các sự kiện đặc biệt và chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn để người tham gia có cơ hội gặp gỡ, kết nối và chia sẻ những trải nghiệm giải trí tuyệt vời. TQ247 hiểu rằng việc tạo ra một cộng đồng mạnh mẽ và tích cực không chỉ giúp người tham gia có những phút giây vui vẻ mà còn tạo cơ hội học hỏi và phát triển. Nền tảng này luôn lắng nghe và tiếp nhận ý kiến phản hồi từ cộng đồng người tham gia để cải thiện và nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ, từ đó đáp ứng tốt hơn nhu cầu của người dùng. Chính sự kết hợp hoàn hảo giữa các trò chơi thú vị, bảo mật an toàn và cộng đồng người tham gia năng động đã giúp TQ247 trở thành một trong những nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến đáng tin cậy và được yêu thích hiện nay.

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Based on a recent paper that included collaboration from renowned experts such as Lynn Alden, Steve Lee, and Ren Crypto Fish, we discuss in depth how Bitcoin's consensus is built, the main risks, and the complex dynamics of protocol upgrades.

PT-BR version

Podcast https://www.fountain.fm/episode/wbjD6ntQuvX5u2G5BccC

Presentation https://gamma.app/docs/Analyzing-Bitcoin-Consensus-Risks-in-Protocol-Upgrades-p66axxjwaa37ksn

1. Introduction to Consensus in Bitcoin

Consensus in Bitcoin is the foundation that keeps the network secure and functional, allowing users worldwide to perform transactions in a decentralized manner without the need for intermediaries. Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin is often described as an "immutable" system designed to resist changes, and it is precisely this resistance that ensures its security and stability.

The central idea behind consensus in Bitcoin is to create a set of acceptance rules for blocks and transactions, ensuring that all network participants agree on the transaction history. This prevents "double-spending," where the same bitcoin could be used in two simultaneous transactions, something that would compromise trust in the network.

Evolution of Consensus in Bitcoin

Over the years, consensus in Bitcoin has undergone several adaptations, and the way participants agree on changes remains a delicate process. Unlike traditional systems, where changes can be imposed from the top down, Bitcoin operates in a decentralized model where any significant change needs the support of various groups of stakeholders, including miners, developers, users, and large node operators.

Moreover, the update process is extremely cautious, as hasty changes can compromise the network's security. As a result, the philosophy of "don't fix what isn't broken" prevails, with improvements happening incrementally and only after broad consensus among those involved. This model can make progress seem slow but ensures that Bitcoin remains faithful to the principles of security and decentralization.

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2. Technical Components of Consensus

Bitcoin's consensus is supported by a set of technical rules that determine what is considered a valid transaction and a valid block on the network. These technical aspects ensure that all nodes—the computers that participate in the Bitcoin network—agree on the current state of the blockchain. Below are the main technical components that form the basis of the consensus.

Validation of Blocks and Transactions

The validation of blocks and transactions is the central point of consensus in Bitcoin. A block is only considered valid if it meets certain criteria, such as maximum size, transaction structure, and the solving of the "Proof of Work" problem. The proof of work, required for a block to be included in the blockchain, is a computational process that ensures the block contains significant computational effort—protecting the network against manipulation attempts.

Transactions, in turn, need to follow specific input and output rules. Each transaction includes cryptographic signatures that prove the ownership of the bitcoins sent, as well as validation scripts that verify if the transaction conditions are met. This validation system is essential for network nodes to autonomously confirm that each transaction follows the rules.

Chain Selection

Another fundamental technical issue for Bitcoin's consensus is chain selection, which becomes especially important in cases where multiple versions of the blockchain coexist, such as after a network split (fork). To decide which chain is the "true" one and should be followed, the network adopts the criterion of the highest accumulated proof of work. In other words, the chain with the highest number of valid blocks, built with the greatest computational effort, is chosen by the network as the official one.

This criterion avoids permanent splits because it encourages all nodes to follow the same main chain, reinforcing consensus.

Soft Forks vs. Hard Forks

In the consensus process, protocol changes can happen in two ways: through soft forks or hard forks. These variations affect not only the protocol update but also the implications for network users:

• Soft Forks: These are changes that are backward compatible. Only nodes that adopt the new update will follow the new rules, but old nodes will still recognize the blocks produced with these rules as valid. This compatibility makes soft forks a safer option for updates, as it minimizes the risk of network division.

• Hard Forks: These are updates that are not backward compatible, requiring all nodes to update to the new version or risk being separated from the main chain. Hard forks can result in the creation of a new coin, as occurred with the split between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash in 2017. While hard forks allow for deeper changes, they also bring significant risks of network fragmentation.

These technical components form the base of Bitcoin's security and resilience, allowing the system to remain functional and immutable without losing the necessary flexibility to evolve over time.

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3. Stakeholders in Bitcoin's Consensus

Consensus in Bitcoin is not decided centrally. On the contrary, it depends on the interaction between different groups of stakeholders, each with their motivations, interests, and levels of influence. These groups play fundamental roles in how changes are implemented or rejected on the network. Below, we explore the six main stakeholders in Bitcoin's consensus.

1. Economic Nodes

Economic nodes, usually operated by exchanges, custody providers, and large companies that accept Bitcoin, exert significant influence over consensus. Because they handle large volumes of transactions and act as a connection point between the Bitcoin ecosystem and the traditional financial system, these nodes have the power to validate or reject blocks and to define which version of the software to follow in case of a fork.

Their influence is proportional to the volume of transactions they handle, and they can directly affect which chain will be seen as the main one. Their incentive is to maintain the network's stability and security to preserve its functionality and meet regulatory requirements.

2. Investors

Investors, including large institutional funds and individual Bitcoin holders, influence consensus indirectly through their impact on the asset's price. Their buying and selling actions can affect Bitcoin's value, which in turn influences the motivation of miners and other stakeholders to continue investing in the network's security and development.

Some institutional investors have agreements with custodians that may limit their ability to act in network split situations. Thus, the impact of each investor on consensus can vary based on their ownership structure and how quickly they can react to a network change.

3. Media Influencers

Media influencers, including journalists, analysts, and popular personalities on social media, have a powerful role in shaping public opinion about Bitcoin and possible updates. These influencers can help educate the public, promote debates, and bring transparency to the consensus process.

On the other hand, the impact of influencers can be double-edged: while they can clarify complex topics, they can also distort perceptions by amplifying or minimizing change proposals. This makes them a force both of support and resistance to consensus.

4. Miners

Miners are responsible for validating transactions and including blocks in the blockchain. Through computational power (hashrate), they also exert significant influence over consensus decisions. In update processes, miners often signal their support for a proposal, indicating that the new version is safe to use. However, this signaling is not always definitive, and miners can change their position if they deem it necessary.

Their incentive is to maximize returns from block rewards and transaction fees, as well as to maintain the value of investments in their specialized equipment, which are only profitable if the network remains stable.

5. Protocol Developers

Protocol developers, often called "Core Developers," are responsible for writing and maintaining Bitcoin's code. Although they do not have direct power over consensus, they possess an informal veto power since they decide which changes are included in the main client (Bitcoin Core). This group also serves as an important source of technical knowledge, helping guide decisions and inform other stakeholders.

Their incentive lies in the continuous improvement of the network, ensuring security and decentralization. Many developers are funded by grants and sponsorships, but their motivations generally include a strong ideological commitment to Bitcoin's principles.

6. Users and Application Developers

This group includes people who use Bitcoin in their daily transactions and developers who build solutions based on the network, such as wallets, exchanges, and payment platforms. Although their power in consensus is less than that of miners or economic nodes, they play an important role because they are responsible for popularizing Bitcoin's use and expanding the ecosystem.

If application developers decide not to adopt an update, this can affect compatibility and widespread acceptance. Thus, they indirectly influence consensus by deciding which version of the protocol to follow in their applications.

These stakeholders are vital to the consensus process, and each group exerts influence according to their involvement, incentives, and ability to act in situations of change. Understanding the role of each makes it clearer how consensus is formed and why it is so difficult to make significant changes to Bitcoin.

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4. Mechanisms for Activating Updates in Bitcoin

For Bitcoin to evolve without compromising security and consensus, different mechanisms for activating updates have been developed over the years. These mechanisms help coordinate changes among network nodes to minimize the risk of fragmentation and ensure that updates are implemented in an orderly manner. Here, we explore some of the main methods used in Bitcoin, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as historical examples of significant updates.

Flag Day

The Flag Day mechanism is one of the simplest forms of activating changes. In it, a specific date or block is determined as the activation moment, and all nodes must be updated by that point. This method does not involve prior signaling; participants simply need to update to the new software version by the established day or block.

• Advantages: Simplicity and predictability are the main benefits of Flag Day, as everyone knows the exact activation date.

• Disadvantages: Inflexibility can be a problem because there is no way to adjust the schedule if a significant part of the network has not updated. This can result in network splits if a significant number of nodes are not ready for the update.

An example of Flag Day was the Pay to Script Hash (P2SH) update in 2012, which required all nodes to adopt the change to avoid compatibility issues.

BIP34 and BIP9

BIP34 introduced a more dynamic process, in which miners increase the version number in block headers to signal the update. When a predetermined percentage of the last blocks is mined with this new version, the update is automatically activated. This model later evolved with BIP9, which allowed multiple updates to be signaled simultaneously through "version bits," each corresponding to a specific change.

• Advantages: Allows the network to activate updates gradually, giving more time for participants to adapt.

• Disadvantages: These methods rely heavily on miner support, which means that if a sufficient number of miners do not signal the update, it can be delayed or not implemented.

BIP9 was used in the activation of SegWit (BIP141) but faced challenges because some miners did not signal their intent to activate, leading to the development of new mechanisms.

User Activated Soft Forks (UASF) and User Resisted Soft Forks (URSF)

To increase the decision-making power of ordinary users, the concept of User Activated Soft Fork (UASF) was introduced, allowing node operators, not just miners, to determine consensus for a change. In this model, nodes set a date to start rejecting blocks that are not in compliance with the new update, forcing miners to adapt or risk having their blocks rejected by the network.

URSF, in turn, is a model where nodes reject blocks that attempt to adopt a specific update, functioning as resistance against proposed changes.

• Advantages: UASF returns decision-making power to node operators, ensuring that changes do not depend solely on miners.

• Disadvantages: Both UASF and URSF can generate network splits, especially in cases of strong opposition among different stakeholders.

An example of UASF was the activation of SegWit in 2017, where users supported activation independently of miner signaling, which ended up forcing its adoption.

BIP8 (LOT=True)

BIP8 is an evolution of BIP9, designed to prevent miners from indefinitely blocking a change desired by the majority of users and developers. BIP8 allows setting a parameter called "lockinontimeout" (LOT) as true, which means that if the update has not been fully signaled by a certain point, it is automatically activated.

• Advantages: Ensures that changes with broad support among users are not blocked by miners who wish to maintain the status quo.

• Disadvantages: Can lead to network splits if miners or other important stakeholders do not support the update.

Although BIP8 with LOT=True has not yet been used in Bitcoin, it is a proposal that can be applied in future updates if necessary.

These activation mechanisms have been essential for Bitcoin's development, allowing updates that keep the network secure and functional. Each method brings its own advantages and challenges, but all share the goal of preserving consensus and network cohesion.

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5. Risks and Considerations in Consensus Updates

Consensus updates in Bitcoin are complex processes that involve not only technical aspects but also political, economic, and social considerations. Due to the network's decentralized nature, each change brings with it a set of risks that need to be carefully assessed. Below, we explore some of the main challenges and future scenarios, as well as the possible impacts on stakeholders.

Network Fragility with Alternative Implementations

One of the main risks associated with consensus updates is the possibility of network fragmentation when there are alternative software implementations. If an update is implemented by a significant group of nodes but rejected by others, a network split (fork) can occur. This creates two competing chains, each with a different version of the transaction history, leading to unpredictable consequences for users and investors.

Such fragmentation weakens Bitcoin because, by dividing hashing power (computing) and coin value, it reduces network security and investor confidence. A notable example of this risk was the fork that gave rise to Bitcoin Cash in 2017 when disagreements over block size resulted in a new chain and a new asset.

Chain Splits and Impact on Stakeholders

Chain splits are a significant risk in update processes, especially in hard forks. During a hard fork, the network is split into two separate chains, each with its own set of rules. This results in the creation of a new coin and leaves users with duplicated assets on both chains. While this may seem advantageous, in the long run, these splits weaken the network and create uncertainties for investors.

Each group of stakeholders reacts differently to a chain split:

• Institutional Investors and ETFs: Face regulatory and compliance challenges because many of these assets are managed under strict regulations. The creation of a new coin requires decisions to be made quickly to avoid potential losses, which may be hampered by regulatory constraints.

• Miners: May be incentivized to shift their computing power to the chain that offers higher profitability, which can weaken one of the networks.

• Economic Nodes: Such as major exchanges and custody providers, have to quickly choose which chain to support, influencing the perceived value of each network.

Such divisions can generate uncertainties and loss of value, especially for institutional investors and those who use Bitcoin as a store of value.

Regulatory Impacts and Institutional Investors

With the growing presence of institutional investors in Bitcoin, consensus changes face new compliance challenges. Bitcoin ETFs, for example, are required to follow strict rules about which assets they can include and how chain split events should be handled. The creation of a new asset or migration to a new chain can complicate these processes, creating pressure for large financial players to quickly choose a chain, affecting the stability of consensus.

Moreover, decisions regarding forks can influence the Bitcoin futures and derivatives market, affecting perception and adoption by new investors. Therefore, the need to avoid splits and maintain cohesion is crucial to attract and preserve the confidence of these investors.

Security Considerations in Soft Forks and Hard Forks

While soft forks are generally preferred in Bitcoin for their backward compatibility, they are not without risks. Soft forks can create different classes of nodes on the network (updated and non-updated), which increases operational complexity and can ultimately weaken consensus cohesion. In a network scenario with fragmentation of node classes, Bitcoin's security can be affected, as some nodes may lose part of the visibility over updated transactions or rules.

In hard forks, the security risk is even more evident because all nodes need to adopt the new update to avoid network division. Experience shows that abrupt changes can create temporary vulnerabilities, in which malicious agents try to exploit the transition to attack the network.

Bounty Claim Risks and Attack Scenarios

Another risk in consensus updates are so-called "bounty claims"—accumulated rewards that can be obtained if an attacker manages to split or deceive a part of the network. In a conflict scenario, a group of miners or nodes could be incentivized to support a new update or create an alternative version of the software to benefit from these rewards.

These risks require stakeholders to carefully assess each update and the potential vulnerabilities it may introduce. The possibility of "bounty claims" adds a layer of complexity to consensus because each interest group may see a financial opportunity in a change that, in the long term, may harm network stability.

The risks discussed above show the complexity of consensus in Bitcoin and the importance of approaching it gradually and deliberately. Updates need to consider not only technical aspects but also economic and social implications, in order to preserve Bitcoin's integrity and maintain trust among stakeholders.

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6. Recommendations for the Consensus Process in Bitcoin

To ensure that protocol changes in Bitcoin are implemented safely and with broad support, it is essential that all stakeholders adopt a careful and coordinated approach. Here are strategic recommendations for evaluating, supporting, or rejecting consensus updates, considering the risks and challenges discussed earlier, along with best practices for successful implementation.

1. Careful Evaluation of Proposal Maturity

Stakeholders should rigorously assess the maturity level of a proposal before supporting its implementation. Updates that are still experimental or lack a robust technical foundation can expose the network to unnecessary risks. Ideally, change proposals should go through an extensive testing phase, have security audits, and receive review and feedback from various developers and experts.

2. Extensive Testing in Secure and Compatible Networks

Before an update is activated on the mainnet, it is essential to test it on networks like testnet and signet, and whenever possible, on other compatible networks that offer a safe and controlled environment to identify potential issues. Testing on networks like Litecoin was fundamental for the safe launch of innovations like SegWit and the Lightning Network, allowing functionalities to be validated on a lower-impact network before being implemented on Bitcoin.

The Liquid Network, developed by Blockstream, also plays an important role as an experimental network for new proposals, such as OP_CAT. By adopting these testing environments, stakeholders can mitigate risks and ensure that the update is reliable and secure before being adopted by the main network.

3. Importance of Stakeholder Engagement

The success of a consensus update strongly depends on the active participation of all stakeholders. This includes economic nodes, miners, protocol developers, investors, and end users. Lack of participation can lead to inadequate decisions or even future network splits, which would compromise Bitcoin's security and stability.

4. Key Questions for Evaluating Consensus Proposals

To assist in decision-making, each group of stakeholders should consider some key questions before supporting a consensus change:

• Does the proposal offer tangible benefits for Bitcoin's security, scalability, or usability?
• Does it maintain backward compatibility or introduce the risk of network split?
• Are the implementation requirements clear and feasible for each group involved?
• Are there clear and aligned incentives for all stakeholder groups to accept the change?

5. Coordination and Timing in Implementations

Timing is crucial. Updates with short activation windows can force a split because not all nodes and miners can update simultaneously. Changes should be planned with ample deadlines to allow all stakeholders to adjust their systems, avoiding surprises that could lead to fragmentation.

Mechanisms like soft forks are generally preferable to hard forks because they allow a smoother transition. Opting for backward-compatible updates when possible facilitates the process and ensures that nodes and miners can adapt without pressure.

6. Continuous Monitoring and Re-evaluation

After an update, it's essential to monitor the network to identify problems or side effects. This continuous process helps ensure cohesion and trust among all participants, keeping Bitcoin as a secure and robust network.

These recommendations, including the use of secure networks for extensive testing, promote a collaborative and secure environment for Bitcoin's consensus process. By adopting a deliberate and strategic approach, stakeholders can preserve Bitcoin's value as a decentralized and censorship-resistant network.

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7. Conclusion

Consensus in Bitcoin is more than a set of rules; it's the foundation that sustains the network as a decentralized, secure, and reliable system. Unlike centralized systems, where decisions can be made quickly, Bitcoin requires a much more deliberate and cooperative approach, where the interests of miners, economic nodes, developers, investors, and users must be considered and harmonized. This governance model may seem slow, but it is fundamental to preserving the resilience and trust that make Bitcoin a global store of value and censorship-resistant.

Consensus updates in Bitcoin must balance the need for innovation with the preservation of the network's core principles. The development process of a proposal needs to be detailed and rigorous, going through several testing stages, such as in testnet, signet, and compatible networks like Litecoin and Liquid Network. These networks offer safe environments for proposals to be analyzed and improved before being launched on the main network.

Each proposed change must be carefully evaluated regarding its maturity, impact, backward compatibility, and support among stakeholders. The recommended key questions and appropriate timing are critical to ensure that an update is adopted without compromising network cohesion. It's also essential that the implementation process is continuously monitored and re-evaluated, allowing adjustments as necessary and minimizing the risk of instability.

By following these guidelines, Bitcoin's stakeholders can ensure that the network continues to evolve safely and robustly, maintaining user trust and further solidifying its role as one of the most resilient and innovative digital assets in the world. Ultimately, consensus in Bitcoin is not just a technical issue but a reflection of its community and the values it represents: security, decentralization, and resilience.

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8. Links

Whitepaper: https://github.com/bitcoin-cap/bcap

Youtube (pt-br): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rARycAibl9o&list=PL-qnhF0qlSPkfhorqsREuIu4UTbF0h4zb

@ 7c082548:0b32521e

KO66 là nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật, được nhiều người tham gia yêu thích nhờ sự đa dạng trong các trò chơi và hoạt động giải trí. Với giao diện trực quan, dễ sử dụng và các tính năng tiện ích, KO66 mang đến cho người tham gia những trải nghiệm thú vị và mượt mà. Người dùng có thể dễ dàng truy cập vào các trò chơi hấp dẫn, từ các trò chơi trí tuệ đến những thử thách hành động đầy kịch tính. Hệ thống trò chơi trên KO66 luôn được cập nhật liên tục, đảm bảo rằng người tham gia luôn có những trải nghiệm mới mẻ và không bị nhàm chán. Ngoài các trò chơi giải trí, KO66 còn cung cấp các dịch vụ khác như các sự kiện và chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn, tạo ra cơ hội để người tham gia có thể trải nghiệm nhiều hoạt động giải trí thú vị và đầy hứng khởi.

Bảo mật là một yếu tố quan trọng mà KO66 luôn chú trọng, nhằm đảm bảo sự an toàn cho thông tin cá nhân và các giao dịch tài chính của người tham gia. Nền tảng này sử dụng các công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến để mã hóa dữ liệu, giúp bảo vệ người tham gia khỏi các mối đe dọa và rủi ro từ các bên thứ ba. Các thông tin cá nhân và giao dịch tài chính luôn được xử lý một cách cẩn thận và bảo mật tuyệt đối. Người tham gia có thể hoàn toàn yên tâm khi tham gia các hoạt động trên KO66, vì nền tảng này luôn đặt sự an toàn và bảo mật của người dùng lên hàng đầu. Ngoài ra, KO66 còn cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng chuyên nghiệp và tận tình, với đội ngũ nhân viên luôn sẵn sàng hỗ trợ giải đáp mọi thắc mắc và giúp đỡ người tham gia trong mọi tình huống. Dịch vụ hỗ trợ khách hàng của KO66 hoạt động 24/7, đảm bảo người dùng luôn nhận được sự hỗ trợ nhanh chóng và kịp thời.

Ngoài việc chú trọng đến chất lượng dịch vụ và bảo mật, KO66 còn đặc biệt quan tâm đến việc xây dựng cộng đồng người tham gia gắn kết và tích cực. Nền tảng này tổ chức các sự kiện giao lưu và các chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn, giúp người tham gia có cơ hội kết nối, chia sẻ kinh nghiệm và khám phá thêm nhiều hoạt động giải trí mới mẻ. Các sự kiện này không chỉ mang lại những phần thưởng giá trị mà còn tạo ra không gian giao lưu, học hỏi, giúp cộng đồng người tham gia ngày càng trở nên năng động và sáng tạo. KO66 luôn lắng nghe và tiếp thu ý kiến phản hồi từ người tham gia để cải thiện và nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ, từ đó đáp ứng tốt hơn nhu cầu giải trí của người dùng. Chính sự kết hợp giữa các trò chơi hấp dẫn, bảo mật an toàn và các hoạt động cộng đồng sôi động đã giúp KO66 trở thành một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến đáng tin cậy và ngày càng được ưa chuộng.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

เราได้อ่านเรื่อง EVERY eggwhite ไปแล้วคิดว่าเขาจะหยุดแค่นี้ไหมครับ 555555 ไม่มีทางครับ การคืบคลานต้องมีต่อไป วันนี้จะมาในตอนที่ชื่อว่า

EVERY Egg ไข่ยุคใหม่ที่ไม่ต้องใช้แม่ไก่อีกต่อไป ลองนึกภาพ "ไข่เจียว" ที่ไม่มีแม่ไก่เกี่ยวข้องแม้แต่ขนไก่สักเส้น...ใช่เลยจ้ะ โลกตอนนี้ไปถึงจุดที่ ไข่ สามารถผลิตได้จาก “ยีสต์” ที่ถูกดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม เพื่อให้มันสร้าง “โปรตีนไข่” แบบเดียวกับในธรรมชาติ โดยไม่ต้องผ่านแม่ไก่ ไม่ต้องมีเปลือก และแน่นอน...ไม่มีเสียงขันตอนเช้าอีกต่อไป

ผู้เล่นที่น่าจับตาที่สุดคือบริษัท EVERY Company จาก Silicon Valley เจ้าเดิมที่เปิดตัวผลิตภัณฑ์ใหม่ในชื่อ EVERY Egg ซึ่งเป็น “ของเหลว” ที่หน้าตาเหมือนวิปไข่ไก่ แต่เบื้องหลังคือกระบวนการผลิตระดับไซไฟ! พวกเขาใช้เทคนิคที่เรียกว่า precision fermentation หรือ “การหมักแม่นยำ” เพื่อสั่งให้ยีสต์สร้างโปรตีน ovalbumin (โปรตีนหลักในไข่ขาว) และ lysozyme (สารฆ่าเชื้อแบคทีเรียตามธรรมชาติในไข่) ออกมา จากนั้นก็เอามาผสม เติมแต่ง แต่งกลิ่น เติมสี ใส่สารกันเสียเล็กน้อย...ปิ๊ง! ได้ไข่ที่ไม่มีไข่ ได้ใจประชาชนที่กินสารอาหารแบบคลั่งตัวเลข

จุดขายที่ EVERY Company ใช้ในการนำเสนอ EVERY Egg สลุตมาเป็นตับ ตับ ตับ แบบนี้ครับ 1. High quality egg protein ใช้โปรตีน ovalbumin ที่ได้จากกระบวนการ fermentation ด้วย precision fermentation จากยีสต์สายพันธุ์ Pichia pastoris ซึ่งเป็น โปรตีนหลักในไข่ขาวธรรมชาติและเคลมว่าให้คุณสมบัติเทียบเท่าหรือดีกว่าไข่จากไก่ในเรื่องโครงสร้างโปรตีนและการทำงานในอาหาร เช่น การตีขึ้นฟู (foaming) และการอิมัลซิไฟ คุณเอ๊ยยยย ฟลัฟฟลี่สุดๆ 555 2. No hens used เป็น selling point หลักที่สื่อสารหนักมากในเชิง “ไม่เบียดเบียนสัตว์” ดูมีคุณธรรม จึงถูกจัดเป็นมังสวิรัติ (vegan-friendly) แม้จะได้จากจุลินทรีย์ที่ออกแบบให้ผลิตโปรตีนที่เหมือนจากสัตว์ จุดนี้ล่อใจผู้บริโภควีแกนและกลุ่มที่ต่อต้านฟาร์มอุตสาหกรรมอย่างเต็มๆ พร้อมถวิลหา 3. No cholesterol ยังเป็นจุดขายหลักได้ตลอดกาลกับการครอบงำให้กลัวคอเลสเตอรอล เพราะผลิตจากจุลินทรีย์ ไม่ใช่จากสัตว์จริง ๆ จึงไม่มีคอเลสเตอรอลเลย ซึ่งเป็นข้อได้เปรียบเทียบกับไข่ไก่ที่มีคอเลสเตอรอลตามธรรมชาติ 4. No saturated fat พอๆกันครับ ยังเป็นจุดขู่จุดขายได้ตลอดกาลเช่นเดียวกับคอเลสเตอรอล โปรตีนที่ผลิตจากยีสต์ไม่มีไขมันอิ่มตัวเช่นเดียวกับผลิตภัณฑ์จากสัตว์จริง 5. No artificial flavors แหม่ พยายามสร้างภาพลักษณ์ว่าเป็น clean label ไม่ใช้แต่งกลิ่นหรือสารเติมแต่งรส (แม้จะเป็นผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ผ่านกระบวนการขั้นสูงมากก็ตาม) 6. No salmonella จุดที่คนโคตรกลัวเลยในไข่ สังเกตุไหมว่า จัดหนักจัดเน้นขยี้ความกลัวของคนได้ทุกจุด อย่างอันนี้เนื่องจากไม่มีสัตว์เข้ามาเกี่ยวข้องในการผลิต ทำให้โอกาสปนเปื้อนเชื้อซัลโมเนลลาที่พบบ่อยในไข่สดแทบเป็นศูนย์ เป็นจุดขายด้านความปลอดภัยอาหาร (food safety) ที่เขาเน้นมาก

เท่านี้ยังไม่พอครับ คำถามที่คนต้องสงสัยแน่นอนคือ ชนิดของกรดอมิโนหละครบไหม pain point ของชาววีแกน เนื่องจาก EVERY Company ใช้เทคนิค “Precision Fermentation” โดยใส่ยีนจากไก่ลงไปในยีสต์ เพื่อให้ผลิต ovalbumin ได้เหมือนในธรรมชาติ จึงทำให้โครงสร้างของกรดอะมิโนในโปรตีนนี้ เหมือนไข่จริงแทบ 100% โปรตีน ovalbumin ที่ใช้ผลิต เป็น primary protein จึงถือว่าเป็น โปรตีนมาตรฐาน (reference protein) ในทางโภชนาการ เพราะมี กรดอะมิโนจำเป็นทั้ง 9 ชนิด ในปริมาณที่เพียงพอ ได้แก่ Leucine, Lysine, Valine, Isoleucine, Threonine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Histidine

แต่... แม้จะมีกรดอะมิโนครบ ก็ยังมีเรื่องให้คิด โปรตีนนี้ ไม่มาจากธรรมชาติ โดยตรง แต่ผ่านการผลิตจากสิ่งมีชีวิตดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม (GMO yeast) ยังไม่มีข้อมูลชัดเจนเรื่อง bioavailability (การดูดซึม) เมื่อเทียบกับไข่จริง และที่สำคัญ คือการบริโภค “complete protein” ไม่ได้แปลว่า ปลอดภัยในระยะยาว ถ้าพื้นฐานมันคือ GMO จากแลปที่ไม่มีวิวัฒนาการร่วมกับมนุษย์ แน่นอนว่ามันยังต้องการ "ตลาดทดลอง" เพื่อทดลองและเก็บข้อมูลประกอบสินค้าในระยะเวลานึง เข้าใจไหม "หนูๆ"

คำถามคือ โปรตีนแท้...หรือแค่ “เลียนแบบ” EVERY Egg บอกว่าเขาสร้างโปรตีนเหมือนไข่เป๊ะชนิดที่ว่าเชฟชื่อดังยังแยกไม่ออก (ถ้าไม่ดูฉลาก) สามารถนำไปทอด ทำไข่คน ไข่เจียว โอ๊มเล็ต ได้เหมือนไข่จริงทุกประการ แถมยังไม่มีคอเลสเตอรอล ไม่มีไขมันอิ่มตัว มีแต่ “โปรตีนล้วนๆ” แบบคลีนๆ

แต่ตรงนี้แหละที่มันเริ่ม น่าสงสัย เพราะการไม่มีไขมันเลย มันก็คือการตัดเอา matrix ทางโภชนาการ ที่ธรรมชาติออกแบบมาให้เราย่อยง่าย ดูดซึมวิตามินได้ดี และช่วยให้เรารู้สึกอิ่มแบบธรรมชาติ ไข่แท้จากไก่ ไม่ใช่แค่แหล่งโปรตีน แต่มันคือ “ของขวัญจากธรรมชาติ” ที่มีทั้ง choline, lutein, zeaxanthin, วิตามิน A, D, E, B12, โอเมก้า-3, ไขมันดี และเลซิธิน อยู่ครบทุกอนู ช่วยทั้งสมอง ดวงตา และตับ

ในขณะที่ EVERY Egg คือ “ไข่ที่เราอยากให้มันเป็น” มากกว่า “ไข่ที่ธรรมชาติอยากให้เราได้กิน”

บริษัท The EVERY Company ได้ร่วมมือกับเชฟระดับสุดยอดมากมาย ซึ่งการร่วมมือครั้งนี้มีเป้าหมายเพื่อแสดงให้เห็นว่าโปรตีนไข่ที่ผลิตจากกระบวนการ precision fermentation ของ EVERY Egg สามารถตอบสนองมาตรฐานสูงสุดของวงการอาหารชั้นเลิศได้ เรามาดูตัวอย่างกันครับว่า มีที่ไหนบ้าง

1. Eleven Madison Park โดย เชฟ Daniel Humm (มิชลิน3 ดาว ที่นิวยอร์ก) EVERY Egg เปิดตัวครั้งแรกในปี 2023 ที่ร้าน Eleven Madison Park ซึ่งเป็นร้านอาหารระดับมิชลิน 3 ดาว ในนิวยอร์ก โดยเชฟ Daniel Humm ได้สร้างสรรค์เมนูพิเศษที่ใช้ EVERY Egg เป็นส่วนประกอบหลัก เช่น ออมเล็ต ค็อกเทล และของหวาน เพื่อแสดงถึงความสามารถของผลิตภัณฑ์นี้ในการตอบสนองมาตรฐานสูงสุดของวงการอาหารชั้นเลิศระดับ fine dining มิชลิน

2. Chantal Guillon (ร้านมาการองฝรั่งเศสในซานฟรานซิสโก) EVERY Company ได้ร่วมมือกับร้านขนม Chantal Guillon ในการผลิตมาการองที่ใช้ EVERY EggWhite™ ซึ่งเป็นโปรตีนไข่ขาวที่ผลิตจากกระบวนการ precision fermentation โดยไม่มีการใช้ไข่จากไก่เลย ผลิตภัณฑ์นี้ได้รับการยอมรับว่าให้รสชาติและเนื้อสัมผัสที่เทียบเท่ากับไข่ขาวธรรมชาติ

3. The Vegetarian Butcher เป็นแบรนด์ในเครือ Unilever ตามที่ได้เคยให้ข้อมูลไปแล้ว EVERY Company ได้จับมือกับ The Vegetarian Butcher ซึ่งเป็นแบรนด์อาหารมังสวิรัติในเครือ Unilever เพื่อพัฒนาและผลิตผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ใช้โปรตีนไข่จาก EVERY Egg โดยมีเป้าหมายในการลดการใช้สัตว์ในห่วงโซ่อาหารและส่งเสริมความยั่งยืนในอุตสาหกรรมอาหาร

4. Grupo Palacios ผู้ผลิต Spanish Omelet รายใหญ่ของโลก EVERY Company ได้ร่วมมือกับ Grupo Palacios ซึ่งเป็นผู้ผลิต Spanish Omelet รายใหญ่ของโลก โดยนำ EVERY Egg มาใช้ในผลิตภัณฑ์ของตน เพื่อเป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยและยั่งยืนต่อไข่ไก่ธรรมชาติ ซึ่งอาจมีปัญหาเรื่องการปนเปื้อนและความไม่แน่นอนในการผลิต

Fiat Egg บนเส้นทางเดียวกับ Fiat Food เฮียชวนให้มองภาพใหญ่เหมือนเวลาเรายืนอยู่บนดาดฟ้าแล้วมองลงไปที่ตลาด... ผลิตภัณฑ์อย่าง EVERY Egg ไม่ใช่แค่การสร้าง “ของใหม่” แต่มันคือการ เปลี่ยนแปลงพื้นฐานของอาหาร ด้วยแนวคิดแบบ “Fiat” เป๊ะ Fiat Food คืออาหารที่ไม่ได้เกิดจากธรรมชาติ แต่ถูก “กำหนดให้มีคุณค่า” โดยอุตสาหกรรม Fiat Money คือเงินที่ไม่ได้มีมูลค่าในตัวเอง แต่รัฐบาลบอกให้เรายอมรับมันเป็นเงิน

ในโลกนี้ ถ้า “ไข่” ไม่ต้องมาจากแม่ไก่ “นม” ไม่ต้องมาจากเต้า และ “เนื้อ” ไม่ต้องมาจากวัว แต่ใช้แค่สารเคมี + ยีสต์ + กราฟ + กลิ่นสังเคราะห์ = “ของกินได้” แล้วมันจะเหลือความเป็น อาหารแท้ (real food) อยู่อีกไหม?

เบื้องหลังที่เราควรถามให้ลึก แม้ว่า EVERY จะอ้างว่าโปรตีนจากยีสต์ของเขา “ปลอดภัยและยั่งยืน” แต่ยังไม่มีข้อมูลด้าน long-term health impact ยังไม่มีข้อมูลว่ายีสต์ GMO ที่ใช้ จะกระตุ้นภูมิแพ้หรือมีสารตกค้างหรือไม่ ยังไม่รู้ว่าสารแต่งกลิ่น รส และตัวพาอื่นๆ ที่ใส่ใน EVERY Egg จะส่งผลอะไรกับ microbiome หรือฮอร์โมนของเราในระยะยาว แต่นั่นก็คงมาพร้อมกับคำตอบหรูๆหล่อๆว่า "ขอให้มั่นใจในกระบวนการผลิตที่ทันสมัยและดีเยี่ยม" . . . ตามเคย

และที่น่าสนใจคือ...ผลิตภัณฑ์ EVERY Egg ยังไม่ได้รับการรับรอง GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) อย่างเป็นทางการจาก FDA จึงยังไม่สามารถวางจำหน่ายในร้านค้าปลีกทั่วไปได้ บริษัทกำลังร่วมมือกับบริษัทอาหารข้ามชาติในการเปิดตัวผลิตภัณฑ์ในปีนี้ แต่ยังไม่มีข้อมูลชัดเจนเกี่ยวกับการวางจำหน่ายในร้านค้าปลีกทั่วไป​ แต่ส่วนตัวเฮียคิดว่าไม่น่ากังวล น่าจะผ่านฉลุยแหละ 5555

ไข่สังเคราะห์ = ความหวัง? หรือกับดักในรูปของนวัตกรรม? เราคงไม่ปฏิเสธว่ามีหลายคนบนโลกที่แพ้ไข่จริง หรือห่วงใยเรื่องสวัสดิภาพสัตว์ รวมถึงต้องการความ "บริสุทธิ์" "สกัด" "เข้มข้น" แต่คำถามคือ...จะดีกว่าไหมถ้าเราหาทางผลิต ไข่จริงจากไก่ที่เลี้ยงแบบธรรมชาติ ในระบบ regenerative farming แทนที่จะพยายามสร้างโปรตีนปลอมขึ้นมาแข่ง? ทุกครั้งที่มีของใหม่ที่ดูดี สะอาด และ “คลีน” เฮียอยากให้ทุกคน ถามกลับในใจว่า “คลีน” แค่ในห้องแล็บ หรือ “คลีน” ในธรรมชาติจริงๆ?

สรุปแบบไม่ต้องตีลังกาคิดได้ว่า EVERY Egg คือก้าวใหม่ของเทคโนโลยีอาหารที่กำลังวิ่งไปข้างหน้าแบบไม่เหลียวหลัง แต่ในฐานะที่เฮียเชื่อใน real food, nutrient density และความฉลาดของธรรมชาติ เราอาจต้องเตือนใจไว้ว่า...การใช้ยีสต์ดัดแปลงพันธุกรรมมาผลิต “ไข่เทียม” ไม่ใช่ความผิด แต่ก็ไม่ใช่ความจำเป็นไหม เพราะแท้จริงแล้ว เรามี “ไข่” ที่สมบูรณ์แบบอยู่ในธรรมชาติแล้ว...แค่ไม่ควรปล่อยให้อุตสาหกรรมทำลายภาพลักษณ์ของมัน เพื่อขายของที่ “เหมือนไข่” แต่ไม่มีชีวิต

คำถามเดิมครับ วันนึงเมื่อถึงจุดที่คุณไม่ได้เลือก แล้วมันมีให้แค่นี้ วันนั้นจะทำอย่างไร วันแห่งความ "บริสุทธิ์" "สกัด" "เข้มข้น" ที่เราถวิลหา ??? #pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

加密洞见

secp256k1lab：一个不安全的 Python 库，如何让比特币更安全

一些比特币开发者长期以来一直认为应该有一个统一的、可重用的加密 BIP 参考 secp256k1 代码标准。Blockstream 研究团队发布了 secp256k1lab (GitHub Repo)—— 一个新的、故意不安全的 Python 库，用于原型开发、实验和 BIP 规范的制定。

该库并不用于生产的（因为没有常数时间防护，因此易受侧道攻击），但填补了一个空白：提供了一个干净且一致的 secp256k1 功能参考实现，包括 BIP-340 风格的 Schnorr 签名、ECDH 以及底层的域/群运算。该库的目标是：通过避免重复的、一次性的实现，让未来编写 BIP 变得更简单、更安全。对于 BIP 作者来说，这意味着更少的自定义代码和规范问题，以及一条更清晰的从原型到正式提案的路径。

使用基于时间的一次性密码（TOTP）在软件钱包中进行密码验证和访问控制

本文介绍了一种在比特币软件钱包中，使用基于区块的时间同步一次性密码（TOTP, Time-based One-Time Password）机制进行密码验证和钱包访问控制的方法。 与传统的 TOTP 系统不同，这种方法将区块链数据——特别是比特币的区块高度和区块哈希 ——同一个安全存储的加密信息结合，来生成一个动态变化的 6 位数验证码，具备以下安全属性：

• 双重保护：结合了设备持有性和基于区块链衍生的、基于时间的数据（blockchain-derived time-based data）。

• 抗重放攻击：验证码随每个新区块（约 10 分钟一个周期）更新。

• 最小攻击面：无需输入或复制密码短语。

• 硬件加密保护秘密信息：移动端应用的秘密信息存储在不可导出的安全硬件中。

比特币特征矩阵：跟踪比特币产品/服务的互操作性

Bitcoin Opentech 在此页汇集并跟踪比特币相关产品/服务的互操作性。

汇集各种比特币软分叉提案的网站

bitcoin.softforks.org 网站汇集了各种比特币软分叉提案，包含组件、实现原语等关键软分叉信息，以及使用该分叉的使用案例和用户等。

以太坊社区热议 RISC-V 替代 EVM，CKB-VM 经验倍受关注

Vitalik 近日在 Ethereum 的论坛上提出了将用 RISC‑V 代替 EVM 的设想，并提到 CKB-VM 的设计作为参考范例，引发了两个社区对 RISC-V 技术决策的关注和探讨。随着讨论的展开，CKB-VM 当年的设计考量又重新被提起，并吸引了更多人回顾和学习相关经验。CKB 是 Nervos Network 的 Layer 1 公链，其支持智能合约的 Cell 模型受比特币 UTXO 模型启发，并使用基于 RISC-V 的 CKB-VM 虚拟机，实现高效且支持多语言的合约执行。了解更多 CKB-VM 详情：

• An Introduction to Nervos CKB-VM

• 基于 RISC-V 打造的区块链虚拟机——CKB-VM 诞生记（一）

• CKB-VM 的灵感、设计和优势——CKB-VM 诞生记（二）

• 如何在 CKB-VM 上愉快的玩耍——CKB-VM 诞生记（三）

在 Ark 中集成 Taproot Assets 的概念验证

Ark Labs 分享了如何将 Taproot 资产集成到 Ark 的链下批处理层中：在 Ark 标准交易流程上，引入了 tVTXO（tokenized Virtual Transaction Output）——嵌入 Taproot 资产承诺的虚拟输出。tVTXO 的行为与任何其他 VTXO 一样，可在 Ark 的链下层花费，可预先签名以实现单边退出，但它包括两个关键附加功能：

• 资产承诺（Asset Commitments）：使用 Taproot 的内部密钥和 TapTree 结构嵌入到 PkScript 中。

• 传输证明文件（Transfer Proof Files）是一条加密见证的确定性链，通过链下树跟踪资产的包含路径。这些证明可以通过链上元数据激活，从而退出 Taproot Asset 生态。

Erk：改进 Ark 协议，无需用户轮次交互

Erk 是 Ark 协议的一种新颖变体，引入了具有可重新绑定签名的「退款交易」（refund transactions），允许用户提前提供可应用于未来输出的签名。然后，服务器可以安全地刷新 VTXO，而无需用户在每一轮都处于联机状态。这解决了 Ark 的关键限制之一——要求用户在 VTXO 到期之前上线。

Erk 的另一个强大功能是「永久离线刷新」——用户可以按顺序批量预签名未来的刷新。通过 watchtower 监控协议，用户可以在资金保持安全的情况下无限期地保持离线状态。

Robosats：无 KYC 闪电网络 P2P 交易，支持人民币通过微信交易

RoboSats 是一个无 KYC 的开源闪电网络交易平台，使用LN Hodl invoices 最大限度地减少托管和信任要求。用户通过 Tor 浏览器操作，体验简单且交易费用低廉的 P2P 交易。

平台目前也支持通过微信进行人民币。

项目 GitHub 和教程.

值得关注的几个闪电网络基础设施项目

OpenSats 的这篇文章重点关注闪电网络在基础设施上的推进，提到以下项目：

• Lighting Splicing: 允许用户在不停机的情况下动态调整通道容量。通过消除关闭和重新打开通道的需要，Splicing 即减少了摩擦和成本，又简化了流动性管理。

• Validating Lightning Signer (VLS): 通过将密钥存储和交易验证转移给外部签名者，来解决闪电网络传统的、将私钥直接存储在节点上用于交易签名的方式的风险，从而确保即使闪电节点遭到入侵，攻击者也无法访问或滥用私钥来窃取资金。

• BLAST (Big Lightning Automated Simulation Tool): 目标是为闪电网络提供稳定的建模和仿真框架，为研究和开发人员和节点运营商提供更准确地反映真实网络状况的大规模测试环境。

• Lampo: 提供了一个基于 Lightning 开发工具包（LDK）构建的模块化、社区驱动的开发工具和节点实现方案。

• Lnprototest: 提供了一个基于 Python 的测试库，可帮助开发人员验证不同实现中的协议合规性，确保交叉兼容性并防止回归，以免影响实际用户。

Citrea 推出基于 BitVM 的信任最小化双向挂钩桥 Clementine

Rollup 项目 Citrea 在比特币测试网上部署了 Clementine Bridge，这是比特币测试网上第一个完整的 BitVM 桥设计。Clementine 桥是 Citrea 基于 BitVM 的信任最小化双向挂钩方案，核心组件包括：

• 比特币和 Citrea 的轻客户端证明

• BitVM 中的零知识证明验证器

只要 BitVM 设置中的单个验证器是诚实的，Clementine 就会保持安全。这是对现有解决方案（开放和封闭联合）的重大改进。Clementine 桥的设计和 Citrea 的去信任轻客户端一起，最大限度减少了对 Citrea 双向挂钩的信任要求，且无需软分叉。

详情可参考 Clementine 白皮书，以及特征简介。

RISC-V 成为 BitVMX 验证系统最佳选择的五个关键原因

作为 BitVMX 的主要开发者的 Fairgate Labs 概述了 RISC-V 成为 BitVMX 验证系统最佳选择的五大关键：

• 开放且通用：RISC-V 作为标准，无 IP 障碍

• 成熟的工具支持：编译器和调试器的丰富生态系统

• 操作码简单

• 支持高级语言

• 支持通用验证

精彩无限，不止于链

违规却挡不住需求：深圳的 LuckyMiner 在争议中推动家用小型矿机普及

LuckyMiner 是一家深圳的比特币挖矿初创公司，它们生产家用迷你矿机正越来越受欢迎。LuckyMiner 模仿的主要对象是美国产的开源的小型矿机 Bitaxe。虽然开源，但 Bitaxe 适用于 CERN-OHL-S-2.0 规则，要求任何修改都需公开，而 LuckyMiner 并未遵循此规则。

这条推文的发帖人称跟 LuckyMiner 的创始人吃了饭，后者并不遮掩 LuckyMiner 违反了许可，并表示，除了零售的 LuckyMiner 之外，它们也为 B 端客户生产符合开源许可的 Bitaxes，并且同时仿造 braiins 的挖矿设备。

在对负担得起的家用采矿设备的需求不断增长的推动下，LuckyMiner 已经取得了成功。虽然存在争议，但低成本矿工的崛起表明草根阶层对比特币感兴趣，尤其是在亚洲努力应对日益增长的威权主义和金融压迫的时候。

反对销毁受易量子攻击的比特币

关于如何处理易受攻击的地址里的比特币，Jameson Lopp 在此前的文章中，表示它反对恢复这些代币，并主张原地销毁，以防止资金被量子计算的获胜者拿走。

而 UTXO Management 的 Guillaume Girard 在此反驳了 Lopp 的主张，出于以下考虑：

• 侵犯财产权：未经持有者同意就销毁这些币，违反了财产权原则。强制让这些币不可使用，破坏了比特币中对所有权和控制权的基本尊重

• 伦理问题：尽管销毁易受攻击的币是为了防止未来量子攻击者盗币，但实际上也会无差别地惩罚那些遗失钱包或不了解量子威胁的用户。这种做法在伦理上存在严重问题，因为不给用户自救的机会。

他提出了一些更具建设性的替代方案来取代销毁策略：

• Hourglass（沙漏机制）：旨在减轻“没收式销毁”和“市场抛售”这两种方式带来的负面影响。它通过限制量子攻击事件可能引发的供应冲击，既不烧毁币，也不导致市场被抛压所淹没。

这一方案由 Hunter Beast 提出，试图成为“破坏性最小”的解决方案，目前正在开发者社区中接受评估。此外，Hunter Beast 也已经提出了 BIP 360，以引入抗量子密码学（PQC）并新增一种比特币地址类型。

让旧矿机继续发挥余热：边挖矿边供暖的未来可能

BitMEX 对 Heatbit Trio 比特币挖矿加热器做了测评。该产品本质上是一个旧矿机，配备有一个安静的风扇，适用于房间供暖。

作者表示 Heatbit 的商业模式很吸引人，结合挖矿机和加热器的领域也值得长期关注。因为从长远来看，部分由于摩尔定律的物理限制，ASIC 效率的提高速度将下降，因此 ASIC 可以经济地开采比特币更长的时间（如 10 年）。随着涉及的新风险技术的减少，生产成本也应该会下降。当这种情况发生到足够程度时，将比特币挖矿与加热设备相结合可能是有意义的，例如，游泳池、商用锅炉、住宅锅炉以及商用和住宅电加热系统。

开放、即时和无国界支付：稳定币未来

a16z 的该报告探讨了稳定币会如何颠覆全球支付行业，以及谁将从中受益最大等问题。

作者将稳定币的到来称为赚钱的「WhatsApp 时刻」，因为它使国际交易几乎免费、即时、开放。此外，文章指出只有两种稳定币是被认可的：法币或资产支持的稳定币，而 「策略支持的合成美元 」（Strategy-backed synthetic dollars, SBSD）并不被承认是可靠的价值储存或交换媒介。

@ fd0bcf8c:521f98c0

Bitcoin

It stands alone. Immutable. Unyielding. It records without mercy. Each transaction cuts deep. Some carry wealth. Others just data. The debate rages on.

OP_RETURN

It divides us all. Bloat versus freedom. Money versus use. Simple versus complex.

Nodes

They bear heavy weight. Each byte costs something. Storage grows. Bandwidth drains. Money defenders stand guard.

"Our purpose is clear...Money serves one master." —Mises

Not art.

Not storage.

Not games.

The fee-payers

They disagree. "I paid. I belong." The miners take their cut. The highest fee wins. No questions asked. The protocol allows it.

"Accept what exists."—Marcus Aurelius

The chain is neutral. Always neutral.

What is a transaction?

None agree. Value transfer only? Or any valid data? The white paper speaks. "Electronic cash system." Yet code evolved. It grew teeth. It allows more now.

"Shitcoin"

Cuts both ways. A dangerous word. It keeps focus. It maintains unity. But it wounds creation. Makes builders desperate. They force ideas onto Bitcoin. They use OP_RETURN poorly. They bloat what needs no bloating. Seneca saw this coming...

"Fear makes suffering worse."

Innovation needs proper soil. Not forced transplants.

Money debates sharpen knives. Is Bitcoin gold? Is it currency? Mantras echo loudly.

"Digital gold."

_"Spend dollars, saving Bitcoin." _

"Never sell your Bitcoin."

Bitcoin becomes idol. Not tool. Mises would disapprove, "Money must move." Without exchange, it dies. If none spend, why fight bloat?

Rhetoric

It hurts us. "Shitcoin" closes minds. Forces square pegs round. Drives experiments home. To Bitcoin they return. Bearing misshapen plans.

"Knowledge exists in dispersion," Hayek warns.

Let ideas find homes. Let Bitcoin be Bitcoin.

Fees

They bring new problems. Users flee high costs. They seek cheaper chains. The wealthy still play games. They can afford the bloat. The poor cannot compete. The rich inscribe at will. Rothbard saw this trap, "Markets need equal rules."

Fee markets favor wealth. Always have. Always will.

Nodes must still run. Validators must validate. Decentralized. Resistant. Strong. The burden grows heavier. But principles matter most.

The battle

It continues. Hard words. Hard choices.

Bitcoin endures all. Money or platform? Gold or currency? The answers shift. The chain grows. Block by block. Byte by byte.

We need clearer words. Cleaner definitions. Less pride. More thought. Let Bitcoin be what it is. Not what we demand.

Bitcoin is human.

Not magical. Not divine. Fallible like its makers. A young experiment still. It could fail tomorrow.

"Nothing is too big to fail." —Satoshi

Our rhetoric needs maturity. Our definitions need clarity. Bitcoin needs humility. From all who touch the code.

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The future of physical money is at stake, and the discussion about DREX, the new digital currency planned by the Central Bank of Brazil, is gaining momentum. In a candid and intense conversation, Federal Deputy Julia Zanatta (PL/SC) discussed the challenges and risks of this digital transition, also addressing her Bill No. 3,341/2024, which aims to prevent the extinction of physical currency. This bill emerges as a direct response to legislative initiatives seeking to replace physical money with digital alternatives, limiting citizens' options and potentially compromising individual freedom. Let's delve into the main points of this conversation.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/i5YGJ9Ors3PkqAIMvNQ0

(PT-BR version here)

What is a CBDC?

Before discussing the specifics of DREX, it’s important to understand what a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is. CBDCs are digital currencies issued by central banks, similar to a digital version of physical money. Unlike cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which operate in a decentralized manner, CBDCs are centralized and regulated by the government. In other words, they are digital currencies created and controlled by the Central Bank, intended to replace physical currency.

A prominent feature of CBDCs is their programmability. This means that the government can theoretically set rules about how, where, and for what this currency can be used. This aspect enables a level of control over citizens' finances that is impossible with physical money. By programming the currency, the government could limit transactions by setting geographical or usage restrictions. In practice, money within a CBDC could be restricted to specific spending or authorized for use in a defined geographical area.

In countries like China, where citizen actions and attitudes are also monitored, a person considered to have a "low score" due to a moral or ideological violation may have their transactions limited to essential purchases, restricting their digital currency use to non-essential activities. This financial control is strengthened because, unlike physical money, digital currency cannot be exchanged anonymously.

Practical Example: The Case of DREX During the Pandemic

To illustrate how DREX could be used, an example was given by Eric Altafim, director of Banco Itaú. He suggested that, if DREX had existed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the government could have restricted the currency’s use to a 5-kilometer radius around a person’s residence, limiting their economic mobility. Another proposed use by the executive related to the Bolsa Família welfare program: the government could set up programming that only allows this benefit to be used exclusively for food purchases. Although these examples are presented as control measures for safety or organization, they demonstrate how much a CBDC could restrict citizens' freedom of choice.

To illustrate the potential for state control through a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), such as DREX, it is helpful to look at the example of China. In China, the implementation of a CBDC coincides with the country’s Social Credit System, a governmental surveillance tool that assesses citizens' and companies' behavior. Together, these technologies allow the Chinese government to monitor, reward, and, above all, punish behavior deemed inappropriate or threatening to the government.

How Does China's Social Credit System Work?

Implemented in 2014, China's Social Credit System assigns every citizen and company a "score" based on various factors, including financial behavior, criminal record, social interactions, and even online activities. This score determines the benefits or penalties each individual receives and can affect everything from public transport access to obtaining loans and enrolling in elite schools for their children. Citizens with low scores may face various sanctions, including travel restrictions, fines, and difficulty in securing loans.

With the adoption of the CBDC — or “digital yuan” — the Chinese government now has a new tool to closely monitor citizens' financial transactions, facilitating the application of Social Credit System penalties. China’s CBDC is a programmable digital currency, which means that the government can restrict how, when, and where the money can be spent. Through this level of control, digital currency becomes a powerful mechanism for influencing citizens' behavior.

Imagine, for instance, a citizen who repeatedly posts critical remarks about the government on social media or participates in protests. If the Social Credit System assigns this citizen a low score, the Chinese government could, through the CBDC, restrict their money usage in certain areas or sectors. For example, they could be prevented from buying tickets to travel to other regions, prohibited from purchasing certain consumer goods, or even restricted to making transactions only at stores near their home.

Another example of how the government can use the CBDC to enforce the Social Credit System is by monitoring purchases of products such as alcohol or luxury items. If a citizen uses the CBDC to spend more than the government deems reasonable on such products, this could negatively impact their social score, resulting in additional penalties such as future purchase restrictions or a lowered rating that impacts their personal and professional lives.

In China, this kind of control has already been demonstrated in several cases. Citizens added to Social Credit System “blacklists” have seen their spending and investment capacity severely limited. The combination of digital currency and social scores thus creates a sophisticated and invasive surveillance system, through which the Chinese government controls important aspects of citizens’ financial lives and individual freedoms.

Deputy Julia Zanatta views these examples with great concern. She argues that if the state has full control over digital money, citizens will be exposed to a level of economic control and surveillance never seen before. In a democracy, this control poses a risk, but in an authoritarian regime, it could be used as a powerful tool of repression.

DREX and Bill No. 3,341/2024

Julia Zanatta became aware of a bill by a Workers' Party (PT) deputy (Bill 4068/2020 by Deputy Reginaldo Lopes - PT/MG) that proposes the extinction of physical money within five years, aiming for a complete transition to DREX, the digital currency developed by the Central Bank of Brazil. Concerned about the impact of this measure, Julia drafted her bill, PL No. 3,341/2024, which prohibits the elimination of physical money, ensuring citizens the right to choose physical currency.

“The more I read about DREX, the less I want its implementation,” says the deputy. DREX is a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), similar to other state digital currencies worldwide, but which, according to Julia, carries extreme control risks. She points out that with DREX, the State could closely monitor each citizen’s transactions, eliminating anonymity and potentially restricting freedom of choice. This control would lie in the hands of the Central Bank, which could, in a crisis or government change, “freeze balances or even delete funds directly from user accounts.”

Risks and Individual Freedom

Julia raises concerns about potential abuses of power that complete digitalization could allow. In a democracy, state control over personal finances raises serious questions, and EddieOz warns of an even more problematic future. “Today we are in a democracy, but tomorrow, with a government transition, we don't know if this kind of power will be used properly or abused,” he states. In other words, DREX gives the State the ability to restrict or condition the use of money, opening the door to unprecedented financial surveillance.

EddieOz cites Nigeria as an example, where a CBDC was implemented, and the government imposed severe restrictions on the use of physical money to encourage the use of digital currency, leading to protests and clashes in the country. In practice, the poorest and unbanked — those without regular access to banking services — were harshly affected, as without physical money, many cannot conduct basic transactions. Julia highlights that in Brazil, this situation would be even more severe, given the large number of unbanked individuals and the extent of rural areas where access to technology is limited.

The Relationship Between DREX and Pix

The digital transition has already begun with Pix, which revolutionized instant transfers and payments in Brazil. However, Julia points out that Pix, though popular, is a citizen’s choice, while DREX tends to eliminate that choice. The deputy expresses concern about new rules suggested for Pix, such as daily transaction limits of a thousand reais, justified as anti-fraud measures but which, in her view, represent additional control and a profit opportunity for banks. “How many more rules will banks create to profit from us?” asks Julia, noting that DREX could further enhance control over personal finances.

International Precedents and Resistance to CBDC

The deputy also cites examples from other countries resisting the idea of a centralized digital currency. In the United States, states like New Hampshire have passed laws to prevent the advance of CBDCs, and leaders such as Donald Trump have opposed creating a national digital currency. Trump, addressing the topic, uses a justification similar to Julia’s: in a digitalized system, “with one click, your money could disappear.” She agrees with the warning, emphasizing the control risk that a CBDC represents, especially for countries with disadvantaged populations.

Besides the United States, Canada, Colombia, and Australia have also suspended studies on digital currencies, citing the need for further discussions on population impacts. However, in Brazil, the debate on DREX is still limited, with few parliamentarians and political leaders openly discussing the topic. According to Julia, only she and one or two deputies are truly trying to bring this discussion to the Chamber, making DREX’s advance even more concerning.

Bill No. 3,341/2024 and Popular Pressure

For Julia, her bill is a first step. Although she acknowledges that ideally, it would prevent DREX's implementation entirely, PL 3341/2024 is a measure to ensure citizens' choice to use physical money, preserving a form of individual freedom. “If the future means control, I prefer to live in the past,” Julia asserts, reinforcing that the fight for freedom is at the heart of her bill.

However, the deputy emphasizes that none of this will be possible without popular mobilization. According to her, popular pressure is crucial for other deputies to take notice and support PL 3341. “I am only one deputy, and we need the public’s support to raise the project’s visibility,” she explains, encouraging the public to press other parliamentarians and ask them to “pay attention to PL 3341 and the project that prohibits the end of physical money.” The deputy believes that with a strong awareness and pressure movement, it is possible to advance the debate and ensure Brazilians’ financial freedom.

What’s at Stake?

Julia Zanatta leaves no doubt: DREX represents a profound shift in how money will be used and controlled in Brazil. More than a simple modernization of the financial system, the Central Bank’s CBDC sets precedents for an unprecedented level of citizen surveillance and control in the country. For the deputy, this transition needs to be debated broadly and transparently, and it’s up to the Brazilian people to defend their rights and demand that the National Congress discuss these changes responsibly.

The deputy also emphasizes that, regardless of political or partisan views, this issue affects all Brazilians. “This agenda is something that will affect everyone. We need to be united to ensure people understand the gravity of what could happen.” Julia believes that by sharing information and generating open debate, it is possible to prevent Brazil from following the path of countries that have already implemented a digital currency in an authoritarian way.

A Call to Action

The future of physical money in Brazil is at risk. For those who share Deputy Julia Zanatta’s concerns, the time to act is now. Mobilize, get informed, and press your representatives. PL 3341/2024 is an opportunity to ensure that Brazilian citizens have a choice in how to use their money, without excessive state interference or surveillance.

In the end, as the deputy puts it, the central issue is freedom. “My fear is that this project will pass, and people won’t even understand what is happening.” Therefore, may every citizen at least have the chance to understand what’s at stake and make their voice heard in defense of a Brazil where individual freedom and privacy are respected values.

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O livro de Gênesis, o primeiro da Bíblia, revela o início da história da criação e da redenção. A tradição reformada atribui a autoria humana de Gênesis a Moisés, inspirado por Deus. Escrito por volta de 1446–1406 a.C. enquanto o povo de Israel se preparava para entrar na terra prometida, Gênesis foi dado para “instruir os israelitas sobre o propósito de Deus para eles como nação” e mostrar como seus primórdios se ligam ao plano de salvação. Desde as primeiras linhas o texto enfoca a soberania divina: “Nas primeiras linhas de Gênesis…desdobra-se o poder e a autoridade divina na formação do mundo” . Esse pano de fundo inspirador abre o livro, preparando o coração do leitor para entender como Deus age desde o começo da criação até a aliança com os patriarcas.

Temas principais em Gênesis

• Criação e soberania de Deus: Gênesis relata que “no princípio Deus criou os céus e a terra” (Gn 1:1) e apresenta o Senhor como Criador onipotente. A narrativa mostra que o mundo tem um propósito – Deus ordenado e bom – e que o homem é formado à imagem de Deus, conferindo ao ser humano dignidade única. Desde o início vemos que Deus é soberano sobre toda a história, como apontado em estudos bíblicos: “a narrativa da criação desdobra o poder e a autoridade divina na formação do mundo”.

• A Queda do homem: Com Adão e Eva, o pecado entra no mundo (Gn 3). O texto registra que a desobediência rompeu a comunhão entre a humanidade e Deus, trazendo culpa, medo e sofrimento a todas as relações. A Bíblia explica que “o pecado introduz no mundo a culpa e o medo, marcas profundas” e provoca consequências como violência e separação de Deus. Essa queda fundamenta em Gênesis a doutrina do pecado original e explica por que o mundo ficou quebrado. Mas logo após a Queda Deus faz promessas redentoras – uma decepção de um começo ao mostrar também a graça que virá.

• Aliança com o povo de Deus: Em Gênesis, Deus estabelece pactos importantes. Ao salvar Noé, Deus renova a criação e promete nunca mais destruir a terra com água (Gn 9), selando um arco-íris como sinal de aliança. Depois, chama Abraão e promete: “far-te-ei uma grande nação… em ti serão benditas todas as famílias da terra” (Gn 12:2–3). Essa promessa a Abraão – de que os descendentes dele seriam muitos e abençoariam o mundo – é o fundamento da aliança abraâmica. Nas palavras de estudiosos, “o conceito de aliança… começa com a promessa feita a Abraão, na qual Deus se compromete a fazer dele uma grande nação… abençoando-o e tornando-o uma bênção para todas as nações”. Assim, Gênesis mostra Deus escolhendo e guiando um povo através de acordos firmados por Sua graça.

• Promessa do Redentor: Mesmo depois da Queda, Deus anuncia a salvação futura. Logo após a queda de Adão, Ele diz à serpente que fará inimizade entre a “semente da mulher” e a do inimigo, e que “essa lhe ferirá a cabeça” (Gn 3:15). Essa profecia inicial – chamada de protoevangelho – antecipa a vinda de um Redentor. Gênesis, portanto, já aponta a esperança de redenção: como interpretações reformadas explicam, Deus “revelou Seu pacto da graça… prometendo um Salvador (Gn.3:15), aquele que restauraria o reino recentemente destruído”. Esse fio vermelho continua na aliança com Abraão: a bênção prometida a ele (“em ti serão benditas todas as famílias da terra”) vislumbra a obra de Cristo para todas as nações. Em resumo, Gênesis apresenta a teia de criação, pecado e aliança na qual Deus já coloca as sementes de Sua salvação.

Cristo anunciado em Gênesis

Ao ler Gênesis à luz de Cristo, vemos vários anúncios e figuras do Messias:

• Protoevangelho (Gn 3:15): Logo depois da queda, Deus promete que a “semente da mulher” ferirá a cabeça da serpente. Essa é a primeira promessa de redenção bíblica . Ela estabelece “a expectativa de um Redentor, que seria um descendente… de Adão e Eva” . Em outras palavras, mesmo no Éden, Deus começava a revelar Seu plano de salvar o mundo. Ao longo da narrativa, essa semente se identifica com Cristo, que derrotaria o pecado e a morte.
• Promessa a Abraão: Deus disse a Abraão que “em tua descendência… seriam abençoadas todas as nações” (Gn 12:3). O Novo Testamento esclarece que essa “descendência” se refere a Cristo. Como ensina um comentário bíblico: “A ‘semente’ mencionada… refere-se à vinda do Redentor, que os cristãos identificam como Jesus Cristo. Em Gênesis 12 vemos a continuação da promessa do Redentor através da descendência de Abraão”. Assim, Jesus é o cumprimento da promessa dada a Abraão (cf. Gl 3:16).

• Tipos de Cristo em Gênesis: Vários personagens e eventos de Gênesis prefiguram Jesus:

  • José: Amado por seu pai, mas traído e vendido por prata, José sofre injustamente nas mãos dos irmãos. Depois é exaltado e acaba salvando muitas pessoas durante a fome. Esse paralelo com Jesus é marcante: Cristo era amado pelo Pai (Mateus 3:17), rejeitado pelo seu povo, traído por 30 moedas de prata, sofreu injustamente e acabou salvando o mundo do pecado. José é o tipo perfeito de “servo sofredor” que Deus exalta para trazer salvação.

  • Abraão e Isaque: Abraão demonstrou fé ao aceitar sacrificar seu filho Isaque em obediência a Deus (Gn 22). Deus proveu um carneiro substituto no lugar de Isaque. Essa cena figura o grande sacrifício de Deus oferecendo Seu Filho como Cordeiro do pecado. Como nota um estudo, o quase-sacrifício de Isaque “simboliza o sacrifício de Deus com Jesus”.

  • Adão e o “último Adão”: A Bíblia chama Jesus de o “último Adão” (1Co 15:45). Onde Adão trouxe morte (pelo pecado), Cristo traz vida eterna. A queda do primeiro homem abriu caminho à necessidade do Salvador; Cristo, o último Adão, repara o que foi quebrado. Este paralelo é mencionado em estudos bíblicos: “Adão: Jesus é chamado de o ‘último Adão’… pois trouxe vida onde Adão trouxe morte”.

Cada um desses elementos mostra que Gênesis não é apenas história antiga, mas um começo anunciado da obra de Cristo. Desde as promessas a Adão e Abraão até as figuras de José e Isaac, vemos Deus preparando o caminho para o Redentor.

Aplicações práticas para a vida cristã hoje

• Fé e confiança em Deus: Gênesis exalta a fé dos patriarcas como exemplo para nós. Abraão é chamado de “pai da fé” porque creu nas promessas de Deus mesmo sem ver todos os detalhes. A Bíblia diz de Abraão: “Abrão creu no Senhor, e isso lhe foi creditado como justiça” (Gn 15:6). Esse acontecimento mostra que a justificação do cristão não vem de obras, mas de crer em Deus. Somos encorajados a confiar nas promessas divinas como Abraão fez – crer que Deus cumprirá o que prometeu, mesmo em meio à espera. Como observa um estudo, mesmo sem saber para onde Deus o levava, Abraão “obedeceu prontamente, demonstrando uma confiança inabalável no plano divino”. Em nossa vida, confiar em Deus sem ver o fim da história é um exercício de fé constante, inspirado pelo exemplo de Abraão.

• Obediência e perseverança: Gênesis ensina que a verdadeira fé se manifesta na obediência. Ao ser chamado para uma terra desconhecida, Abraão saiu da sua terra por ordem de Deus. Ao quase sacrificar Isaque, ele mostrou obediência sem entender todos os detalhes. José, mesmo injustiçado, permaneceu íntegro no Egito e Deus o usou para realizar grandes coisas. Assim, aprendemos a servir a Deus fielmente, mesmo em situações difíceis. O blog Fé e Reflexões resume bem: “a verdadeira fé se revela não quando entendemos tudo, mas quando obedecemos e confiamos que Deus tem um plano perfeito para nossas vidas”. Somos chamados a confiar em Deus e fazer o que Ele pede, sabendo que Ele guia cada passo, mesmo quando não vemos a rota completa.

• Esperança na redenção: Desde o princípio, Gênesis afirma que Deus já tinha um plano de salvação. O “protoevangelho” de Gn 3:15 é um lembrete de que Deus promete reverter o mal em bem. Como salienta a Escritura, mesmo após a queda “Deus não os destruiu, mas revelou Seu pacto da graça… prometendo um Salvador (Gn 3:15)”. Para o cristão de hoje, isso dá esperança firme: sabemos que Deus já venceu o pecado e a morte por meio de Jesus Cristo. Não importa o tamanho do problema ou do pecado, Deus é soberano e fiel para cumprir suas promessas. As histórias de Gênesis nos ensinam que Deus continua trabalhando para restaurar o que foi perdido. José entendeu isso ao dizer aos irmãos: “vocês intentaram o mal contra mim, mas Deus o tornou em bem” (Gn 50:20). Em nossa vida diária, podemos seguir em frente com a confiança de que o Senhor está conosco, transformando dificuldades em bênçãos e conduzindo-nos a um futuro de redenção.

Conclusão

O livro de Gênesis molda nossa visão de Deus como Criador soberano, fiel em suas promessas e Senhor da história. Essas páginas iniciais mostram que Deus é onipotente (ele criou tudo) e, ao mesmo tempo, misericordioso (prometeu um Redentor quando nós falhamos). Para nós hoje, essa mensagem é encorajadora: o mesmo Deus que falou com Adão, Noé e Abraão é o Deus que fala conosco e cumpre cada promessa. Assim, podemos viver com fé, sabendo que Cristo está no centro de tudo o que Gênesis anuncia. A história de Gênesis aponta para Jesus – e em Cristo “toda a criação será restaurada” (Rm 8:21) – dando-nos esperança e paz no caminho da vida. Confiemos no Senhor, pois Ele é fiel para realizar em nós o que prometeu desde o princípio.

Fontes: Esta reflexão reuniu ensinamentos bíblicos fundamentados na teologia reformada. As Escrituras de Gênesis e os comentários de autores reformados foram citados para apoiar cada ponto (por exemplo, Gn 3:15, Gn 15:6, Gn 22, e passagens de Paulo). As lições extraídas refletem tanto a simplicidade da narrativa quanto a profundidade do plano de salvação que vem de Deus.

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Crypto Insights

secp256k1lab: An Insecure Python Library That Makes Bitcoin Safer

Some Bitcoin developers have long believed in the need for a unified, reusable cryptographic BIP reference standard for secp256k1. Blockstream Research has released secp256k1lab — an intentionally insecure new Python library designed for prototyping, experimentation, and BIP specifications.

This library is NOT intended for production use (it lacks constant-time protections and is thus vulnerable to side-channel attacks). However, it fills a gap by providing a clean and consistent reference implementation of secp256k1 functionality, including BIP-340 style Schnorr signatures, ECDH, and low-level field/group operations. Its goal: to make future BIP authoring simpler and more secure by avoiding redundant, one-off implementations. For BIP authors, this means less custom code, fewer specification bugs, and a clearer path from prototype to proposal.

Block-Based Time-Based One-Time Passwords for Secure Passphrase Validation in Bitcoin Wallets

This article introduces a method for passphrase validation and Bitcoin software wallet access control using a block-based time-based one-time password (TOTP) system.

Unlike traditional TOTP systems, this method uses blockchain data — specifically Bitcoin block height and block hash — combined with securely stored cryptographic secrets to generate a 6-digit dynamic verification code with the following security properties:

• Two-Factor Protection: Combines device possession and blockchain-derived time-based data.

• Replay Resistance: Codes change with every block (~10-min cycle).

• Minimal Attack Surface: Passphrase never typed or copied.

• Hardware-Backed Secrets: Mobile app secret stored in non-exportable secure hardware.

Bitcoin Feature Matrix: Tracking Interoperability of Bitcoin Products/Services

You can use this page on Bitcoin Opentech to track interoperability among Bitcoin products and services.

Tracking Bitcoin Soft Fork Proposals in One Place

bitcoin.softforks.org aggregates various Bitcoin soft fork proposals, including components, implementation primitives, use cases, and users.

Ethereum Community Explores Replacing EVM with RISC-V — Spotlight on CKB-VM Experience

Vitalik recently proposed the idea of replacing the EVM with RISC-V on the Ethereum forum, citing the design of CKB-VM as a reference. This has sparked active discussion in both communities around RISC-V as a technical direction. As the conversation deepens, the original design decisions behind CKB-VM have resurfaced, drawing renewed interest and encouraging more developers to study its architecture and lessons.

CKB is the Layer 1 blockchain of the Nervos Network. Its smart contract model, called the Cell model, is inspired by Bitcoin’s UTXO system. It uses the RISC-V–based CKB-VM to enable efficient and multi-language smart contract execution. Find more details in:

• An Introduction to CKB VM

• A Blockchain VM Built on RISC-V (The Birth of CKB-VM Part 1)

• CKB-VM: Its Inspiration, Design, and Strengths (The Birth of CKB-VM, Part 2)

• How to Have Fun with CKB-VM (The Birth of CKB-VM, Part 3)

Integrating Taproot Assets into Ark

Ark Labs shared their proof-of-concept of integrating Taproot Assets into the off-chain batching layer of Ark. They introduced tVTXOs (tokenized Virtual Transaction Outputs) — virtual outputs that embed Taproot Asset commitments.

tVTXOs behave like regular VTXOs, spendable off-chain and pre-signable for unilateral exits, but with two additional features:

• Asset Commitments: Embedded in PkScript using Taproot’s internal key and TapTree structure.

• Transfer Proof Files: A cryptographically linked, deterministic chain of off-chain proofs tracking asset inclusion. These can be activated via on-chain metadata to exit the Taproot Asset ecosystem.

Erk: An Ark Protocol Upgrade Removing User Round Interactions

Erk is a novel variant of the Ark protocol that introduces refund transactions with rebindable signatures. This allows users to pre-sign outputs that the server can safely refresh without needing the user to be online for each round — addressing one of Ark’s limitations.

Another feature of Erk is “perpetual offline refresh” — users can bulk pre-sign future refreshes. With watchtowers monitoring the protocol, users can stay offline indefinitely while their funds remain safe.

Robosats: No-KYC Lightning P2P Trading

RoboSats is an open-source, no-KYC Lightning P2P exchange using LN Hodl invoices to minimize custodial requirements and trust. Operated via the Tor browser, it offers a simple and low-fee user experience.

Find more in their GitHub repo and user guide.

Advancements in Lightning Infrastructure

OpenSats highlights several key Lightning infrastructure advancements:

• Lightning Splicing: Allows dynamic channel capacity adjustment without downtime, simplifying liquidity management and reducing costs.

• Validating Lightning Signer (VLS): Shifts key storage and transaction validation to an external signer. Even if a node is compromised, the attacker can’t access or misuse private keys.

• BLAST (Big Lightning Automated Simulation Tool): Designed to provide a stable modeling and simulation framework of the Lightning Network for developers and node operators.

• Lampo: A modular, community-driven development toolkit and node implementation built on Lightning Dev Kit (LDK).

• Lnprototest: A Python-based testing library to help developers validate protocol adherence across different implementations.

Citrea Launches Clementine: A BitVM-Based Trust-Minimized 2-Way Peg Bridge

Rollup Citrea has deployed Clementine Bridge on Bitcoin testnet — the first fully BitVM-based bridge design on Bitcoin testnet. Clementine is Citrea’s trust-minimized, two-way peg solution powered by:

• Bitcoin and Citrea’s light client proofs

• Zero-knowledge proof verifier in BitVM

As long as one single verifier in the BitVM setup is honest, Clementine remains secure — a major improvement over existing approaches (e.g., open and closed federations). Paired with Citrea’s trustless light client, Clementine minimizes trust in Citrea’s bridge design and doesn’t require a soft fork.

Find more details in Clementine Whitepaper and Feature Overview.

Five Reasons RISC-V Is the Best Architecture for the BitVMX Proving System

Fairgate Labs, the main developers behind BitVMX, outlined five key reasons why RISC-V is the optimal choice for BitVMX:

• Open and Universal: RISC-V as a standard with no IP barriers

• Mature Tooling: A rich ecosystem of compilers and debuggers

• Opcode Simplicity

• High-Level Language Support

• Universal Verification

Top Reads on Blockchain and Beyond

Demand Outpaces Licensing: LuckyMiner Drives Home Mining Boom Amid Controversy

LuckyMiner, a Bitcoin mining startup based in Shenzhen, China, is gaining traction with its mini miners. Their products are clones of the open-source Bitaxe miners from the U.S. However, Bitaxe is licensed under CERN-OHL-S-2.0, which requires all modifications to be open-sourced—something LuckyMiner has not complied with.

According to this post, LuckyMiner's founder openly admitted to violating the license and claimed that while their LuckyMiner devices for retail customers don’t comply with the open-source terms, they also produce fully license-compliant Bitaxes for business clients, while simultaneously cloning mining equipment from Braiins.

Against Burning Quantum-Vulnerable Bitcoins

Jameson Lopp has previously argued in favor of burning bitcoin in vulnerable addresses, to prevent funds from being taken by those who win the quantum computing race.

Guillaume Girard from UTXO Management disagrees, offering these counterpoints:

• Property rights violation: Burning coins without the owner’s consent undermines the very principle of property rights. Forcing coins into unspendability erodes the core Bitcoin ethos of ownership and control.

• Ethical concerns: While burning these coins may prevent quantum theft, it also punishes users who lost wallets or don’t understand the quantum threat—offering no chance for recovery.

Instead of burning, he proposes more constructive steps:

• Hourglass: Mitigates the downsides of both “confiscatory” and “liquidation” approaches – by limiting the potential supply shock of a quantum event, without burning coins or flooding markets.

This solution, proposed by Hunter Beast, aims to be the “least damaging” option and is currently under review by developers. Additionally, Hunter Beast has already proposed BIP 360 to bring Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) to Bitcoin with a new address type.

Old Miners, New Heat: Mining-as-Heating Might Just Work

BitMEX reviewed the Heatbit Trio—a Bitcoin miner repurposed into a room heater redesigned with a quiet fan.

The reviewer found the Heatbit concept commercially appealing and believes the heating-mining hybrid space is worth watching. The rate of improvement in ASIC efficiencies will decline (partly due to the limits of Moore’s Law), such that ASICs can economically mine Bitcoin for much longer—possibly up to 10 years. With fewer new technical risks, production costs should also drop. When that happens, integrating mining with heating systems may become practical.

Open, Instant, Borderless Payments: Stablecoins and Their Future

This a16z report explores how stablecoins are poised to change the global payments landscape—and who stands to benefit most.

The report sees stablecoins the "WhatsApp moment for money," enabling international transfers nearly free and instant. It also stresses that only two types of stablecoins are considered trustworthy: fiat-backed or asset-backed. The so-called Strategy-Backed Synthetic Dollars (SBSDs) are NOT considered to be a reliable store of value or medium of exchange.

@ 6fc114c7:8f4b1405

Losing access to your cryptocurrency can feel like losing a part of your future. Whether it’s a forgotten password, a damaged seed backup, or simply one wrong transfer, the stress can be overwhelming. But there’s a silver lining — Crypt Recver is here to help! With our expert-led recovery services, you can reclaim your lost Bitcoin and other cryptos safely and swiftly.

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Partially lost or forgotten seed phrases Extracting funds from outdated or invalid wallet addresses Recovering data from damaged hardware wallets Restoring coins from old or unsupported wallet formats You’re not just getting a service; you’re gaining a partner in your cryptocurrency journey.

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💻 Advanced Technology Our proprietary tools and brute-force optimization techniques allow for maximum efficiency in recovery. No matter how challenging your case may be, our technology is designed to give you the best chance at getting your crypto back.

Our Recovery Services Include: 📈 Bitcoin Recovery: Lost access to your Bitcoin wallet? We help recover lost wallets, private keys, and passphrases. Transaction Recovery: Mistakes happen — whether it’s an incorrect wallet address or a lost password, let us handle the recovery. Cold Wallet Restoration: If your cold wallet is failing, we can safely extract your assets and migrate them into a secure, new wallet. Private Key Generation: Lost your private key? Don’t worry. Our experts can help you regain control using advanced methods — all while ensuring your privacy remains intact. ⚠️ What We Don’t Do While we can handle many scenarios, there are some limitations. For example, we cannot recover funds stored in custodial wallets, or cases where there is a complete loss of four or more seed words without any partial info available. We’re transparent about what’s possible, so you know what to expect.

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📞 Need Immediate Assistance? Connect with Us! For real-time support or questions, reach out to our dedicated team on:

✉️ Telegram: Chat with Us on Telegram 💬 WhatsApp: Message Us on WhatsApp Crypt Recver is your trusted partner in the world of cryptocurrency recovery. Let us turn your challenges into victories. Don’t hesitate — your crypto future starts now! 🚀✨

Act fast and secure your digital assets with Crypt Recver!Losing access to your cryptocurrency can feel like losing a part of your future. Whether it’s a forgotten password, a damaged seed backup, or simply one wrong transfer, the stress can be overwhelming. But there’s a silver lining — Crypt Recver is here to help! With our expert-led recovery services, you can reclaim your lost Bitcoin and other cryptos safely and swiftly.

# Why Trust Crypt Recver? 🤝

🛠️ Expert Recovery Solutions

At Crypt Recver, we specialize in resolving some of the most complex wallet-related issues. Our team of skilled engineers has the tools and expertise to tackle:

• Partially lost or forgotten seed phrases
• Extracting funds from outdated or invalid wallet addresses
• Recovering data from damaged hardware wallets
• Restoring coins from old or unsupported wallet formats

You’re not just getting a service; you’re gaining a partner in your cryptocurrency journey.

🚀 Fast and Efficient Recovery

We understand that time is critical in crypto recovery. Our optimized systems ensure that you can regain access to your funds quickly, aiming for speed without sacrificing security. With a 90%+ success rate, you can trust us to fight against the clock on your behalf.

🔒 Privacy is Our Priority

Your confidentiality matters. Every recovery session is handled with the utmost care, ensuring all processes are encrypted and confidential. You can rest easy, knowing your sensitive information stays private.

💻 Advanced Technology

Our proprietary tools and brute-force optimization techniques allow for maximum efficiency in recovery. No matter how challenging your case may be, our technology is designed to give you the best chance at getting your crypto back.

Our Recovery Services Include: 📈

• Bitcoin Recovery: Lost access to your Bitcoin wallet? We help recover lost wallets, private keys, and passphrases.
• Transaction Recovery: Mistakes happen — whether it’s an incorrect wallet address or a lost password, let us handle the recovery.
• Cold Wallet Restoration: If your cold wallet is failing, we can safely extract your assets and migrate them into a secure, new wallet.
• Private Key Generation: Lost your private key? Don’t worry. Our experts can help you regain control using advanced methods — all while ensuring your privacy remains intact.

⚠️ What We Don’t Do

While we can handle many scenarios, there are some limitations. For example, we cannot recover funds stored in custodial wallets, or cases where there is a complete loss of four or more seed words without any partial info available. We’re transparent about what’s possible, so you know what to expect.

# Don’t Let Lost Crypto Hold You Back! ⏳

Did you know that 3 to 3.4 million BTC — nearly 20% of the total supply — are estimated to be permanently lost? Don’t become part of that statistic! Whether it’s due to a forgotten password, sending funds to the wrong address, or damaged drives, we can help you navigate through it all.

🛡️ Real-Time Dust Attack Protection

Protecting your privacy goes beyond just recovery. Our services include dust attack protection, which keeps your activity anonymous and your funds secure. Our suite will shield your identity from unwanted tracking, ransomware, and phishing attempts.

🎉 Start Your Recovery Journey Today!

Are you ready to reclaim your lost crypto? Don’t wait until it’s too late!

👉 Request Wallet Recovery Help Now!

📞 Need Immediate Assistance? Connect with Us!

For real-time support or questions, reach out to our dedicated team on:

• ✉️ Telegram: Chat with Us on Telegram
• 💬 WhatsApp: Message Us on WhatsApp

Crypt Recver is your trusted partner in the world of cryptocurrency recovery. Let us turn your challenges into victories. Don’t hesitate — your crypto future starts now! 🚀✨

Act fast and secure your digital assets with Crypt Recver!

@ 99556507:a6cf5c08

El paradigma del trabajador común aceptado en nuestra era es trabajar duro durante 40 años por un salario para tener derecho a una jubilación los últimos 20 o con suerte 25 años de vida.

Pero ¿es ésto lo más rentable? ¿Hay otras alternativas?

Vamos a ponernos en la piel de un asalariado o un autónomo que ha cotizado durante 30 años por la base máxima y está a una década todavía de poder jubilarse. ¿Le conviene trabajar esa década para tener derecho a la pensión estatal? ¿O es una estafa?

Hagamos números: La cotización máxima del autónomo o la del empresario a cuenta del trabajador hoy en día es de 1.472€/mes, 12 pagas al año, o 17.664€/año. En 10 años, y considerando una inflación del 4% anual, pagará 202.075€ en cotizaciones sociales.

El cotizante que haya pagado esto durante toda su vida laboral tiene derecho a la jubilación máxima, que hoy es de 3.267€/ mes, 14 pagas al año, o 45.746,40€/año. Si pensamos que la esperanza de vida en España es de 83 años y se tiene derecho a la jubilación a los 67, significa que un pensionista medio recibirá la pensión durante 16 años. Pero vamos a a hacer las cuentas para Matusalén, el pensionista pesadilla para el gobierno y las aseguradoras, que llegará a cumplir los 92 años, recibiendo la pensión durante 25 años.

Asumamos que el gobierno, que necesita imperiosamente los votos de los 7 millones de pensionistas, seguirá revalorizando las pensiones con el IPC oficial, es decir, a una media del 4% anual.

Matusalén se jubilará a los 67 y recibirá a lo largo de sus 25 años de pensionista la cantidad de 1.905.000€(1), de los cuales tendrá que pagar alrededor de un 28% de impuestos.

[(1) 45.746,40*(1-1,0425)/(1-1.04)] = 1.905.150

Es decir, Matusalén pagará 202.000€ en total a lo largo de 10 años para recibir 1.905.000€ distribuidos durante los siguientes 25. Parece un buen negocio, ¿no?

Pero, y si Matusalén, que es una persona cabal y ahorradora, ha ido haciendo una hucha durante sus 30 años de vida laboral a razón de 1000€ al mes, de manera que ahora ya dispone de esos 202.075€ necesarios para pagar sus cotizaciones hasta la edad de jubilación, y además le sobran 160.000€ para sus gastos la próxima década, a razón de 16.000€/año, que deberían de ser suficiente para vivir, puesto que esta cantidad es justo el salario mínimo interprofesional actual. ¿Le merece la pena seguir trabajando o puede plantearse dejar de hacerlo y usar esos ahorros para pagar sus cotizaciones de los siguientes 10 años, y tener derecho a la jubilación cuando cumpla 67 años?

O ya puestos a hacer cuentas, dado que tiene un capital disponible de 202.000€ en el banco, ¿podría pensar en alguna inversión alternativa que revalorizara su dinero de manera que mejorase las prestaciones de su jubilación (los 1.905.000€ calculados antes)?

Aquí es donde sale a jugar la fórmula del interés compuesto: Cf = Ci * (1+Rn), donde: Cf: capital final (queremos llegar a 1.905.000€) Ci: capital inicial (los 202.075€ de Matu) R: tasa de interés anual (CAGR) n: numero de años de la inversión (10)

¿Qué crecimiento anual compuesto (CAGR) necesitaría Matu para obtener el total de lo que nos daría su pensión tras 25 años, pero en tan solo 10 años, de manera que pudiera disponer de todo ese capital incluso antes de jubilarse? Haciendo las cuentas, R = (Cf/Ci-1)(1/n) = 23.09 %

Por si has llegado hasta aquí pero te has perdido por el camino, acabamos de concluir que una persona que invierta hoy 202.075€ en un producto que rente un 23,09% anual, obtendrá 1.905.000€ en 10 años, el equivalente a toda su jubilación.

Pues esto parece incluso mejor que la alternativa anterior, ¿no? Pero claro, hay que encontrar un producto que garantice esta rentabilidad sostenida durante una década. ¿Qué podría ser? A esta alturas, si sigues por aquí, ya habrás podido intuir por dónde van los tiros. Lo único que ha garantizado esta revalorización hasta la fecha es #bitcoin.

Éste el el cuadro del CAGR de Bitcoin tabulado por años. Se lee de la siguiente manera: A finales de 2024, la columna "CAGR 2024" da el CAGR (rendimiento anual compuesto) para la diferencia de años entre 2024 y el año de la cifra que estemos mirando. Por ejemplo, el CAGR a 31/12/2024 de una inversión realizada el 31/12/2023, es decir de 1 año, es del 276,92%. Si la inversión se realizó el 31/12/2016, el CAGR 8 años después, a final de 2024, es del 78,22% ANUAL

(Ver imagen 1)

El tío Matusalén está buscando algo que le dé un mínimo del 23,09% anual, ¿recordáis?. Pues da igual cuándo haya invertido y cuánto tiempo mantenga la inversión. BTC siempre supera ese umbral, por mucho.

"Ya Manolito, pero estás mirando rendimientos desde finales de 2024, cuando Bitcoin hizo un precio máximo histórico. Esto no asegura que haya ocurrido esto cada año, ¿no?"

El siguiente cuadro muestra los CAGR calculados a finales de cada año, los últimos 6 años. Las cifras en verde corresponden a los rendimientos de inversiones mantenidas 10 años. No podemos ir más para atrás porque Bitcoin acaba de cumplir 16 años.

(ver imagen 2)

No es difícil comprobar que a 10 años vista, bitcoin siempre ha superado de largo esta tasa de crecimiento.

*Consideraciones fiscales ** La pensión máxima devenga impuestos sobre la base de rentas del trabajo a razón del 28% anual, mientras que las inversiones tributan a un máximo del 26% sobre la base de las rentas de capital, suponiendo que se recupere todo el mismo año. Si se distribuyen los rendimientos plurianualmente, ese 26% puede reducirse entono al 21%, suponiendo otro 7% anual de ventaja neta sobre la pensión. En el caso particular de Matusalén, los 45.746,40€ anuales de su pensión tributarían íntegros al 28%, por lo que los 1.905.150 se quedarían netos en 823.435,20€ al cabo de 25 años. Si hubiese optado por invertir los 202.075€ en Bitcoin, y suponiendo que la rentabilidad obtenida es solo la necesaria para conseguir los 1.905.150€, tributaría al 26% sobre la ganancia si decide convertirlos en € de una vez, es decir, pagaría 26%(1.905.150-202.075)=442,800€, con lo que le quedarían netos 1.462.350€. Si decide por el contrario vender solo bitcoins cada año por valor de 45,746€, y suponiendo que mantienen el mismo valor en € durante los 25 años, pagaría el 21% sobre la plusvalía, es decir 357.645€ a lo largo de los 25 años por lo que le habrá quedado neto 1.547.504€.

Resumiendo: Renta neta con la pensión estatal tras 25 años: 823.435€ Renta neta con el plan de inversión en bitcoin, con rescate en una vez, el año 0: 1.462.350€ Renta neta con el plan de inversión en bitcoin, con rescate a lo largo de 25 años: 1.547.504€

Hay que recordar que todo el ejercicio está realizado para el mejor caso del pensionista estatal, que vivirá muy por encima de la media. Cualquier número de años inferior mejorará la rentabilidad del plan de bitcoin respecto al estatal.

Conclusión: Al bueno de Matu más le vale comprar bitcoins hoy mismo con ese dinero ahorrado. No solamente no necesitará una pensión sino que lo más probable es que sus ahorros valgan 5 veces más que lo que conseguiría de pensionista, pero 25 años antes.