@ b83a28b7:35919450

This article was originally part of the sermon of Plebchain Radio Episode 111 (May 2, 2025) that nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqyg8wumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqpqtvqc82mv8cezhax5r34n4muc2c4pgjz8kaye2smj032nngg52clq7fgefr and I did with nostr:nprofile1qythwumn8ghj7ct5d3shxtnwdaehgu3wd3skuep0qyt8wumn8ghj7ct4w35zumn0wd68yvfwvdhk6tcqyzx4h2fv3n9r6hrnjtcrjw43t0g0cmmrgvjmg525rc8hexkxc0kd2rhtk62 and nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqyg8wumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqpq4wxtsrj7g2jugh70pfkzjln43vgn4p7655pgky9j9w9d75u465pqahkzd0 of the nostr:nprofile1qythwumn8ghj7ct5d3shxtnwdaehgu3wd3skuep0qyt8wumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgtcqyqwfvwrccp4j2xsuuvkwg0y6a20637t6f4cc5zzjkx030dkztt7t5hydajn

Listen to the full episode here:

<<https://fountain.fm/episode/Ln9Ej0zCZ5dEwfo8w2Ho>>

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Bitcoin has always been a narrative revolution disguised as code. White paper, cypherpunk lore, pizza‑day legends - every block is a paragraph in the world’s most relentless epic. But code alone rarely converts the skeptic; it’s the camp‑fire myth that slips past the prefrontal cortex and shakes hands with the limbic system. People don’t adopt protocols first - they fall in love with protagonists.

Early adopters heard the white‑paper hymn, but most folks need characters first: a pizza‑day dreamer; a mother in a small country, crushed by the cost of remittance; a Warsaw street vendor swapping złoty for sats. When their arcs land, the brain releases a neurochemical OP_RETURN which says, “I belong in this plot.” That’s the sly roundabout orange pill: conviction smuggled inside catharsis.

That’s why, from 22–25 May in Warsaw’s Kinoteka, the Bitcoin Film Fest is loading its reels with rebellion. Each documentary, drama, and animated rabbit‑hole is a stealth wallet, zipping conviction straight into the feels of anyone still clasped within the cold claw of fiat. You come for the plot, you leave checking block heights.

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Here's the clip of the sermon from the episode:

nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpwp69zm7fewjp0vkp306adnzt7249ytxhz7mq3w5yc629u6er9zsqqsy43fwz8es2wnn65rh0udc05tumdnx5xagvzd88ptncspmesdqhygcrvpf2

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Bitcoin has always been rooted in freedom and resistance to authority. I get that many of you are conflicted about the US Government stacking but by design we cannot stop anyone from using bitcoin. Many have asked me for my thoughts on the matter, so let’s rip it.

Concern

One of the most glaring issues with the strategic bitcoin reserve is its foundation, built on stolen bitcoin. For those of us who value private property this is an obvious betrayal of our core principles. Rather than proof of work, the bitcoin that seeds this reserve has been taken by force. The US Government should return the bitcoin stolen from Bitfinex and the Silk Road.

Using stolen bitcoin for the reserve creates a perverse incentive. If governments see bitcoin as a valuable asset, they will ramp up efforts to confiscate more bitcoin. The precedent is a major concern, and I stand strongly against it, but it should be also noted that governments were already seizing coin before the reserve so this is not really a change in policy.

Ideally all seized bitcoin should be burned, by law. This would align incentives properly and make it less likely for the government to actively increase coin seizures. Due to the truly scarce properties of bitcoin, all burned bitcoin helps existing holders through increased purchasing power regardless. This change would be unlikely but those of us in policy circles should push for it regardless. It would be best case scenario for American bitcoiners and would create a strong foundation for the next century of American leadership.

Optimism

The entire point of bitcoin is that we can spend or save it without permission. That said, it is a massive benefit to not have one of the strongest governments in human history actively trying to ruin our lives.

Since the beginning, bitcoiners have faced horrible regulatory trends. KYC, surveillance, and legal cases have made using bitcoin and building bitcoin businesses incredibly difficult. It is incredibly important to note that over the past year that trend has reversed for the first time in a decade. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a key driver of this shift. By holding bitcoin, the strongest government in the world has signaled that it is not just a fringe technology but rather truly valuable, legitimate, and worth stacking.

This alignment of incentives changes everything. The US Government stacking proves bitcoin’s worth. The resulting purchasing power appreciation helps all of us who are holding coin and as bitcoin succeeds our government receives direct benefit. A beautiful positive feedback loop.

Realism

We are trending in the right direction. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a sign that the state sees bitcoin as an asset worth embracing rather than destroying. That said, there is a lot of work left to be done. We cannot be lulled into complacency, the time to push forward is now, and we cannot take our foot off the gas. We have a seat at the table for the first time ever. Let's make it worth it.

We must protect the right to free usage of bitcoin and other digital technologies. Freedom in the digital age must be taken and defended, through both technical and political avenues. Multiple privacy focused developers are facing long jail sentences for building tools that protect our freedom. These cases are not just legal battles. They are attacks on the soul of bitcoin. We need to rally behind them, fight for their freedom, and ensure the ethos of bitcoin survives this new era of government interest. The strategic reserve is a step in the right direction, but it is up to us to hold the line and shape the future.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Recently we have seen a wave of high profile X accounts hacked. These attacks have exposed the fragility of the status quo security model used by modern social media platforms like X. Many users have asked if nostr fixes this, so lets dive in. How do these types of attacks translate into the world of nostr apps? For clarity, I will use X’s security model as representative of most big tech social platforms and compare it to nostr.

The Status Quo

On X, you never have full control of your account. Ultimately to use it requires permission from the company. They can suspend your account or limit your distribution. Theoretically they can even post from your account at will. An X account is tied to an email and password. Users can also opt into two factor authentication, which adds an extra layer of protection, a login code generated by an app. In theory, this setup works well, but it places a heavy burden on users. You need to create a strong, unique password and safeguard it. You also need to ensure your email account and phone number remain secure, as attackers can exploit these to reset your credentials and take over your account. Even if you do everything responsibly, there is another weak link in X infrastructure itself. The platform’s infrastructure allows accounts to be reset through its backend. This could happen maliciously by an employee or through an external attacker who compromises X’s backend. When an account is compromised, the legitimate user often gets locked out, unable to post or regain control without contacting X’s support team. That process can be slow, frustrating, and sometimes fruitless if support denies the request or cannot verify your identity. Often times support will require users to provide identification info in order to regain access, which represents a privacy risk. The centralized nature of X means you are ultimately at the mercy of the company’s systems and staff.

Nostr Requires Responsibility

Nostr flips this model radically. Users do not need permission from a company to access their account, they can generate as many accounts as they want, and cannot be easily censored. The key tradeoff here is that users have to take complete responsibility for their security. Instead of relying on a username, password, and corporate servers, nostr uses a private key as the sole credential for your account. Users generate this key and it is their responsibility to keep it safe. As long as you have your key, you can post. If someone else gets it, they can post too. It is that simple. This design has strong implications. Unlike X, there is no backend reset option. If your key is compromised or lost, there is no customer support to call. In a compromise scenario, both you and the attacker can post from the account simultaneously. Neither can lock the other out, since nostr relays simply accept whatever is signed with a valid key.

The benefit? No reliance on proprietary corporate infrastructure.. The negative? Security rests entirely on how well you protect your key.

Future Nostr Security Improvements

For many users, nostr’s standard security model, storing a private key on a phone with an encrypted cloud backup, will likely be sufficient. It is simple and reasonably secure. That said, nostr’s strength lies in its flexibility as an open protocol. Users will be able to choose between a range of security models, balancing convenience and protection based on need.

One promising option is a web of trust model for key rotation. Imagine pre-selecting a group of trusted friends. If your account is compromised, these people could collectively sign an event announcing the compromise to the network and designate a new key as your legitimate one. Apps could handle this process seamlessly in the background, notifying followers of the switch without much user interaction. This could become a popular choice for average users, but it is not without tradeoffs. It requires trust in your chosen web of trust, which might not suit power users or large organizations. It also has the issue that some apps may not recognize the key rotation properly and followers might get confused about which account is “real.”

For those needing higher security, there is the option of multisig using FROST (Flexible Round-Optimized Schnorr Threshold). In this setup, multiple keys must sign off on every action, including posting and updating a profile. A hacker with just one key could not do anything. This is likely overkill for most users due to complexity and inconvenience, but it could be a game changer for large organizations, companies, and governments. Imagine the White House nostr account requiring signatures from multiple people before a post goes live, that would be much more secure than the status quo big tech model.

Another option are hardware signers, similar to bitcoin hardware wallets. Private keys are kept on secure, offline devices, separate from the internet connected phone or computer you use to broadcast events. This drastically reduces the risk of remote hacks, as private keys never touches the internet. It can be used in combination with multisig setups for extra protection. This setup is much less convenient and probably overkill for most but could be ideal for governments, companies, or other high profile accounts.

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Nostr’s security model is not perfect but is robust and versatile. Ultimately users are in control and security is their responsibility. Apps will give users multiple options to choose from and users will choose what best fits their need.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

In much of the world, it is incredibly difficult to access U.S. dollars. Local currencies are often poorly managed and riddled with corruption. Billions of people demand a more reliable alternative. While the dollar has its own issues of corruption and mismanagement, it is widely regarded as superior to the fiat currencies it competes with globally. As a result, Tether has found massive success providing low cost, low friction access to dollars. Tether claims 400 million total users, is on track to add 200 million more this year, processes 8.1 million transactions daily, and facilitates $29 billion in daily transfers. Furthermore, their estimates suggest nearly 40% of users rely on it as a savings tool rather than just a transactional currency.

Tether’s rise has made the company a financial juggernaut. Last year alone, Tether raked in over $13 billion in profit, with a lean team of less than 100 employees. Their business model is elegantly simple: hold U.S. Treasuries and collect the interest. With over $113 billion in Treasuries, Tether has turned a straightforward concept into a profit machine.

Tether’s success has resulted in many competitors eager to claim a piece of the pie. This has triggered a massive venture capital grift cycle in USD tokens, with countless projects vying to dethrone Tether. Due to Tether’s entrenched network effect, these challengers face an uphill battle with little realistic chance of success. Most educated participants in the space likely recognize this reality but seem content to perpetuate the grift, hoping to cash out by dumping their equity positions on unsuspecting buyers before they realize the reality of the situation.

Historically, Tether’s greatest vulnerability has been U.S. government intervention. For over a decade, the company operated offshore with few allies in the U.S. establishment, making it a major target for regulatory action. That dynamic has shifted recently and Tether has seized the opportunity. By actively courting U.S. government support, Tether has fortified their position. This strategic move will likely cement their status as the dominant USD token for years to come.

While undeniably a great tool for the millions of users that rely on it, Tether is not without flaws. As a centralized, trusted third party, it holds the power to freeze or seize funds at its discretion. Corporate mismanagement or deliberate malpractice could also lead to massive losses at scale. In their goal of mitigating regulatory risk, Tether has deepened ties with law enforcement, mirroring some of the concerns of potential central bank digital currencies. In practice, Tether operates as a corporate CBDC alternative, collaborating with authorities to surveil and seize funds. The company proudly touts partnerships with leading surveillance firms and its own data reveals cooperation in over 1,000 law enforcement cases, with more than $2.5 billion in funds frozen.

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The global demand for Tether is undeniable and the company’s profitability reflects its unrivaled success. Tether is owned and operated by bitcoiners and will likely continue to push forward strategic goals that help the movement as a whole. Recent efforts to mitigate the threat of U.S. government enforcement will likely solidify their network effect and stifle meaningful adoption of rival USD tokens or CBDCs. Yet, for all their achievements, Tether is simply a worse form of money than bitcoin. Tether requires trust in a centralized entity, while bitcoin can be saved or spent without permission. Furthermore, Tether is tied to the value of the US Dollar which is designed to lose purchasing power over time, while bitcoin, as a truly scarce asset, is designed to increase in purchasing power with adoption. As people awaken to the risks of Tether’s control, and the benefits bitcoin provides, bitcoin adoption will likely surpass it.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

One of the most common criticisms leveled against nostr is the perceived lack of assurance when it comes to data storage. Critics argue that without a centralized authority guaranteeing that all data is preserved, important information will be lost. They also claim that running a relay will become prohibitively expensive. While there is truth to these concerns, they miss the mark. The genius of nostr lies in its flexibility, resilience, and the way it harnesses human incentives to ensure data availability in practice.

A nostr relay is simply a server that holds cryptographically verifiable signed data and makes it available to others. Relays are simple, flexible, open, and require no permission to run. Critics are right that operating a relay attempting to store all nostr data will be costly. What they miss is that most will not run all encompassing archive relays. Nostr does not rely on massive archive relays. Instead, anyone can run a relay and choose to store whatever subset of data they want. This keeps costs low and operations flexible, making relay operation accessible to all sorts of individuals and entities with varying use cases.

Critics are correct that there is no ironclad guarantee that every piece of data will always be available. Unlike bitcoin where data permanence is baked into the system at a steep cost, nostr does not promise that every random note or meme will be preserved forever. That said, in practice, any data perceived as valuable by someone will likely be stored and distributed by multiple entities. If something matters to someone, they will keep a signed copy.

Nostr is the Streisand Effect in protocol form. The Streisand effect is when an attempt to suppress information backfires, causing it to spread even further. With nostr, anyone can broadcast signed data, anyone can store it, and anyone can distribute it. Try to censor something important? Good luck. The moment it catches attention, it will be stored on relays across the globe, copied, and shared by those who find it worth keeping. Data deemed important will be replicated across servers by individuals acting in their own interest.

Nostr’s distributed nature ensures that the system does not rely on a single point of failure or a corporate overlord. Instead, it leans on the collective will of its users. The result is a network where costs stay manageable, participation is open to all, and valuable verifiable data is stored and distributed forever.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Capitalism is the most effective system for scaling innovation. The pursuit of profit is an incredibly powerful human incentive. Most major improvements to human society and quality of life have resulted from this base incentive. Market competition often results in the best outcomes for all.

That said, some projects can never be monetized. They are open in nature and a business model would centralize control. Open protocols like bitcoin and nostr are not owned by anyone and if they were it would destroy the key value propositions they provide. No single entity can or should control their use. Anyone can build on them without permission.

As a result, open protocols must depend on donation based grant funding from the people and organizations that rely on them. This model works but it is slow and uncertain, a grind where sustainability is never fully reached but rather constantly sought. As someone who has been incredibly active in the open source grant funding space, I do not think people truly appreciate how difficult it is to raise charitable money and deploy it efficiently.

Projects that can be monetized should be. Profitability is a super power. When a business can generate revenue, it taps into a self sustaining cycle. Profit fuels growth and development while providing projects independence and agency. This flywheel effect is why companies like Google, Amazon, and Apple have scaled to global dominance. The profit incentive aligns human effort with efficiency. Businesses must innovate, cut waste, and deliver value to survive.

Contrast this with non monetized projects. Without profit, they lean on external support, which can dry up or shift with donor priorities. A profit driven model, on the other hand, is inherently leaner and more adaptable. It is not charity but survival. When survival is tied to delivering what people want, scale follows naturally.

The real magic happens when profitable, sustainable businesses are built on top of open protocols and software. Consider the many startups building on open source software stacks, such as Start9, Mempool, and Primal, offering premium services on top of the open source software they build out and maintain. Think of companies like Block or Strike, which leverage bitcoin’s open protocol to offer their services on top. These businesses amplify the open software and protocols they build on, driving adoption and improvement at a pace donations alone could never match.

When you combine open software and protocols with profit driven business the result are lean, sustainable companies that grow faster and serve more people than either could alone. Bitcoin’s network, for instance, benefits from businesses that profit off its existence, while nostr will expand as developers monetize apps built on the protocol.

Capitalism scales best because competition results in efficiency. Donation funded protocols and software lay the groundwork, while market driven businesses build on top. The profit incentive acts as a filter, ensuring resources flow to what works, while open systems keep the playing field accessible, empowering users and builders. Together, they create a flywheel of innovation, growth, and global benefit.

@ 08f96856:ffe59a09

เมื่อพูดถึง Bitcoin Standard หลายคนมักนึกถึงภาพโลกอนาคตที่ทุกคนใช้บิตคอยน์ซื้อกาแฟหรือของใช้ในชีวิตประจำวัน ภาพแบบนั้นดูเหมือนไกลตัวและเป็นไปไม่ได้ในความเป็นจริง หลายคนถึงกับพูดว่า “คงไม่ทันเห็นในช่วงชีวิตนี้หรอก” แต่ในมุมมองของผม Bitcoin Standard อาจไม่ได้เริ่มต้นจากการที่เราจ่ายบิตคอยน์โดยตรงในร้านค้า แต่อาจเริ่มจากบางสิ่งที่เงียบกว่า ลึกกว่า และเกิดขึ้นแล้วในขณะนี้ นั่นคือ การล่มสลายทีละน้อยของระบบเฟียตที่เราใช้กันอยู่

ระบบเงินที่อิงกับอำนาจรัฐกำลังเข้าสู่ช่วงขาลง รัฐบาลทั่วโลกกำลังจมอยู่ในภาระหนี้ระดับประวัติการณ์ แม้แต่ประเทศมหาอำนาจก็เริ่มแสดงสัญญาณของภาวะเสี่ยงผิดนัดชำระหนี้ อัตราเงินเฟ้อกลายเป็นปัญหาเรื้อรังที่ไม่มีท่าทีจะหายไป ธนาคารที่เคยโอนฟรีเริ่มกลับมาคิดค่าธรรมเนียม และประชาชนก็เริ่มรู้สึกถึงการเสื่อมศรัทธาในระบบการเงินดั้งเดิม แม้จะยังพูดกันไม่เต็มเสียงก็ตาม

ในขณะเดียวกัน บิตคอยน์เองก็กำลังพัฒนาแบบเงียบ ๆ เงียบ... แต่ไม่เคยหยุด โดยเฉพาะในระดับ Layer 2 ที่เริ่มแสดงศักยภาพอย่างจริงจัง Lightning Network เป็น Layer 2 ที่เปิดใช้งานมาได้ระยะเวลสหนึ่ง และยังคงมีบทบาทสำคัญที่สุดในระบบนิเวศของบิตคอยน์ มันทำให้การชำระเงินเร็วขึ้น มีต้นทุนต่ำ และไม่ต้องบันทึกทุกธุรกรรมลงบล็อกเชน เครือข่ายนี้กำลังขยายตัวทั้งในแง่ของโหนดและการใช้งานจริงทั่วโลก

ขณะเดียวกัน Layer 2 ทางเลือกอื่นอย่าง Ark Protocol ก็กำลังพัฒนาเพื่อตอบโจทย์ด้านความเป็นส่วนตัวและประสบการณ์ใช้งานที่ง่าย BitVM เปิดแนวทางใหม่ให้บิตคอยน์รองรับ smart contract ได้ในระดับ Turing-complete ซึ่งทำให้เกิดความเป็นไปได้ในกรณีใช้งานอีกมากมาย และเทคโนโลยีที่น่าสนใจอย่าง Taproot Assets, Cashu และ Fedimint ก็ทำให้การออกโทเคนหรือสกุลเงินที่อิงกับบิตคอยน์เป็นจริงได้บนโครงสร้างของบิตคอยน์เอง

เทคโนโลยีเหล่านี้ไม่ใช่การเติบโตแบบปาฏิหาริย์ แต่มันคืบหน้าอย่างต่อเนื่องและมั่นคง และนั่นคือเหตุผลที่มันจะ “อยู่รอด” ได้ในระยะยาว เมื่อฐานของความน่าเชื่อถือไม่ใช่บริษัท รัฐบาล หรือทุน แต่คือสิ่งที่ตรวจสอบได้และเปลี่ยนกฎไม่ได้

แน่นอนว่าบิตคอยน์ต้องแข่งขันกับ stable coin, เงินดิจิทัลของรัฐ และ cryptocurrency อื่น ๆ แต่สิ่งที่ทำให้มันเหนือกว่านั้นไม่ใช่ฟีเจอร์ หากแต่เป็นความทนทาน และความมั่นคงของกฎที่ไม่มีใครเปลี่ยนได้ ไม่มีทีมพัฒนา ไม่มีบริษัท ไม่มีประตูปิด หรือการยึดบัญชี มันยืนอยู่บนคณิตศาสตร์ พลังงาน และเวลา

หลายกรณีใช้งานที่เคยถูกทดลองในโลกคริปโตจะค่อย ๆ เคลื่อนเข้ามาสู่บิตคอยน์ เพราะโครงสร้างของมันแข็งแกร่งกว่า ไม่ต้องการทีมพัฒนาแกนกลาง ไม่ต้องพึ่งกลไกเสี่ยงต่อการผูกขาด และไม่ต้องการ “ความเชื่อใจ” จากใครเลย

Bitcoin Standard ที่ผมพูดถึงจึงไม่ใช่การเปลี่ยนแปลงแบบพลิกหน้ามือเป็นหลังมือ แต่คือการ “เปลี่ยนฐานของระบบ” ทีละชั้น ระบบการเงินใหม่ที่อิงอยู่กับบิตคอยน์กำลังเกิดขึ้นแล้ว มันไม่ใช่โลกที่ทุกคนถือเหรียญบิตคอยน์ แต่มันคือโลกที่คนใช้อาจไม่รู้ตัวด้วยซ้ำว่า “สิ่งที่เขาใช้นั้นอิงอยู่กับบิตคอยน์”

ผู้คนอาจใช้เงินดิจิทัลที่สร้างบน Layer 3 หรือ Layer 4 ผ่านแอป ผ่านแพลตฟอร์ม หรือผ่านสกุลเงินใหม่ที่ดูไม่ต่างจากเดิม แต่เบื้องหลังของระบบจะผูกไว้กับบิตคอยน์

และถ้ามองในเชิงพัฒนาการ บิตคอยน์ก็เหมือนกับอินเทอร์เน็ต ครั้งหนึ่งอินเทอร์เน็ตก็ถูกมองว่าเข้าใจยาก ต้องพิมพ์ http ต้องรู้จัก TCP/IP ต้องตั้ง proxy เอง แต่ปัจจุบันผู้คนใช้งานอินเทอร์เน็ตโดยไม่รู้ว่าเบื้องหลังมีอะไรเลย บิตคอยน์กำลังเดินตามเส้นทางเดียวกัน โปรโตคอลกำลังถอยออกจากสายตา และวันหนึ่งเราจะ “ใช้มัน” โดยไม่ต้องรู้ว่ามันคืออะไร

หากนับจากช่วงเริ่มต้นของอินเทอร์เน็ตในยุค 1990 จนกลายเป็นโครงสร้างหลักของโลกในสองทศวรรษ เส้นเวลาของบิตคอยน์ก็กำลังเดินตามรอยเท้าของอินเทอร์เน็ต และถ้าเราเชื่อว่าวัฏจักรของเทคโนโลยีมีจังหวะของมันเอง เราก็จะรู้ว่า Bitcoin Standard นั้นไม่ใช่เรื่องของอนาคตไกลโพ้น แต่มันเกิดขึ้นแล้ว

siamstr

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ยังมีเรื่องราวของน้ำตาล และ เซลล์ มาคุยกันต่อนะครับ เพราะยังมีคนสงสัยอยู่ว่า เอ้ย ตกลงต้องห่วงการ Spike&Staylong ของอินซุลินอยู่หรือเปล่า แล้วถ้าเราไม่ spike&staylong ก็คือกินคาร์บเบาๆตลอดวันได้เลยใช่ไหมก็มันไม่ spike&staylong แล้วนี่ โอเคครับ เรามาเปิดผับกันอีกครั้ง

คราวก่อนนั้นเราคุยกันเรื่อง ผับน้ำตาลกันไปแล้วนะครับว่า เมื่ออินซูลิน spike สูง และค้างนาน เหมือนเปิดผับแล้ววัยรุ่นแห่กันเข้ามาเที่ยว จนพีอาร์เมาจัด

เผื่อใครจำไม่ได้ ย้อนให้นิดๆครับ ว่าให้ลองนึกภาพว่าเฮียเปิดผับอยู่ดี ๆ ลูกค้าหลั่งไหลเข้ามารัว ๆ เหมือนมีโปรเบียร์ 1 แถม 10 ตอนสามทุ่ม ทุกโต๊ะสั่งข้าวเหนียวหมูปิ้งพร้อมเบียร์น้ำแข็งเต็มโต๊ะ นักเที่ยวก็ยังแห่เข้าผับแบบไม่มีพัก อินซูลินซึ่งเป็นเหมือน “พีอาร์” ที่ต้องจัดการรับแขก (หรือรับน้ำตาลเข้าสู่เซลล์) ก็เลยต้องทำงานหนักแบบ non-stop

อินซูลินเป็นฮอร์โมนสำคัญที่ช่วยเอาน้ำตาลในเลือดเข้าไปเก็บในเซลล์ ถ้า spike ทีเดียวสูงมาก เซลล์ก็รีบดูดน้ำตาลเข้าไปเต็มที่จนเกินพิกัด เหมือนผับที่แน่นจนปิดประตูไม่ลง

ถ้าเหตุการณ์แบบนี้เกิดขึ้นบ่อย ๆ ร่างกายจะเริ่มรู้สึกว่า “ทำไมอินซูลินถึงต้องออกมาบ่อยขนาดนี้วะ?” ระบบก็เริ่มปิดรับแขก เซลล์เริ่มไม่อยากตอบสนอง เพราะมันเหนื่อย มันชิน และมันก็เริ่ม “ดื้ออินซูลิน”

ผลที่ตามมาเมื่อ spike สูงและค้าง สิ่งที่ตามมา... คือความปั่นป่วนในร่างกายอย่างต่อเนื่อง น้ำตาลลอยค้างในเลือด ไปจับกับโปรตีนจนกลายเป็นเจ้า AGEs ตัวร้าย ไขมันก็ถูกสร้างมากขึ้น ล้นเข้าไปสะสมในตับ ในพุง ในซอกที่ร่างกายไม่รู้จะเก็บไว้ตรงไหนแล้ว สมองก็เบลอ ใจวูบ ง่วงงุน... เหมือนเข้าเวรประชุมยาวแบบไม่มีกาแฟ ฮอร์โมนที่เคยเป็นทีมงานสามัคคี ก็เริ่มทะเลาะกันเอง อินซูลินงอน leptin งง ghrelin งวย

แล้วถ้าเราไม่ spike แต่กินคาร์บจุ๋มจิ๋มทั้งวันล่ะ? พอรู้ว่าการเปิดผับแจกคาร์บแบบจัดหนักไม่ดี หลายคนก็ปรับกลยุทธ์ใหม่ มาแนวสายสุขุมว่า “งั้นเปิดผับแบบเนิบ ๆ ก็แล้วกัน… ไม่จัดปาร์ตี้ใหญ่ แต่มีแขกแวะเข้ามาทั้งวัน” ฟังดูดีใช่ไหม? แต่เอาเข้าจริง มันเหนื่อยไม่แพ้กันเลย

ลองนึกภาพว่าประเทศไม่มีเคอร์ฟิว เฮียเปิดผับที่มีลูกค้าเดินเข้าออกไม่หยุด ไม่ได้มากันเป็นฝูงแบบรอบโปรโมชั่น แต่มาเรื่อย ๆ แบบชั่วโมงละโต๊ะ สองโต๊ะ พีอาร์ อินซูลิน ก็เลยต้องยืนต้อนรับแขกตลอดเวลา ไม่มีเวลานั่งพัก ไม่มีช่วงเปลี่ยนกะ ไม่มีเวลาปิดไฟเก็บโต๊ะ คือทำงานต่อเนื่องยาว ๆ ตั้งแต่ 8 โมงเช้า ยัน 8 โมงเช้า สุดท้าย ผับก็เปิดไฟยันสว่าง อินซูลินก็กลายเป็นพนักงานกะดึกตลอดชีพ และเมื่อไม่มีเวลา “พักผับ” ระบบหลังบ้านก็ไม่เคยได้ฟื้นฟูเลย

ภาพรวมของการกินจุ๋มจิ๋มทั้งวันแบบนี้นั้น - เผาผลาญไขมันไม่ออกเลย เพราะอินซูลินทำหน้าที่เหมือนไฟบนเวที ถ้ายังเปิดไฟอยู่ “เครื่องดูดไขมันหลังร้าน” มันก็ไม่ทำงาน - แม่บ้านทำความสะอาดก็เข้าไม่ได้ เพราะแขกเดินเข้าเดินออกตลอด ระบบกำจัดที่ควรจะได้ล้างของเสียในเซลล์ ก็เลยโดนขัดจังหวะตลอด - พนักงานเหนื่อยสะสมจากงานไม่มีหยุด ทำให้เกิดความเครียดสะสมในร่างกาย ฮอร์โมนรวน อารมณ์ก็แปรปรวนง่ายขึ้น หิวเก่งขึ้น ทั้งที่เพิ่งกินไป

เปิดผับแบบคึกคักจัดเต็มทีเดียว แล้วปิดยาว หรือ เปิดทั้งวันแบบไม่มีช่วงปิด สุดท้ายพังทั้งคู่

ทีนี้เราน่าจะพอเห็นภาพร่างคร่าวๆ ของการบริหารการจัดการน้ำตาลในตัวเราได้แล้วนะครับ ว่าจะไดเอทไหนก็ตาม การบริหารการจัดการฮอร์โมนส์ คือสิ่งสำคัญไม่แพ้เรื่องอื่นๆ แม้จะไม่ใช่เรื่องสำคัญที่สุดในสายตาใครก็ตาม

นี่เป็นเพียงจุดเริ่มต้นการเรียนรู้เล็กๆ ซึ่งเส้นทางสายที่เรียกว่า ร่างกาย มันยังไปไกลอีกลิบลับเลยครับ ไม่ว่าจะจังหวัดคอติซอล จังหวัดพฤกษเคมี จังหวัดพลังงาน จังหวัดสารอาหาร แถมลักษณะร่างกายแต่ละคน ก็เปรียบเหมือนรถต่างยี่ห้อ ต่างน้ำมันขับเคลื่อน ต่างซีซี หรือแม้ว่าจะเหมือนกัน ก็ยังต่างปี ต่างไมล์การขับขี่

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Rethink (it's free and open source)
2. Launch the app and tap Skip
3. Tap Start and then Proceed to set up the VPN connection
4. Allow notifications and Proceed, then disable battery optimization for this app (you may need to set it to Unrestricted)
5. Navigate to Configure and tap Apps
6. On the top bar, tap 🛜 and 📶 to block all apps from connecting to the internet
7. Search Apps for the apps you want to allow and Bypass Universal
8. Return to the Configure view and tap DNS, then choose your preferred DNS provider (e.g. DNSCrypt > Quad9)
9. Optionally, tap On-Device Blocklists, then Disabled, Download Blocklists, and later Configure (you may need to enable the Use In-App Downloader option if the download is not working)
10. Return to the Configure view and tap Firewall, then Universal Firewall Rules and enable the options as desired:
    • Block all apps when device is locked
    • Block newly installed apps by default
    • Block when DNS is bypassed
11. Optionally, to set up WireGuard or Tor, return to the Configure view and tap Proxy
    • For Tor, tap Setup Orbot, then optionally select all the apps that should route through Tor (you must have Orbot installed)
    • For WireGuard, tap Setup WireGuard, then +, and select an option to import a WireGuard configuration (QR Code Scan, File Import, or Creation).
      • Use Simple Mode for a single WireGuard connection (all apps are routed through it).
      • Use Advanced Mode for multiple WireGuard connections (split tunnel, manually choosing apps to route through them)

⚠️ Use this app only if you know what you are doing, as misconfiguration can lead to missing notifications and other problems

ℹ️ On the main view, tap Logs to track all connections

ℹ️ You can also use a WireGuard connection (e.g., from your VPN provider) and on-device blocklists together

@ 14206a66:689725cf

This article is a repost, migrating from Substack

Introduction

Released in November 2020 by fiatjaf, Nostr is an open, decentralised, censorship-resistant messaging protocol. The protocol is well designed, and many authors have written extensively about the mechanics and use-cases. For the purposes of this article, I will narrow the focus to Nostr as a tool to enable the creation of platform markets. My aim is to give the reader an introduction to platform market pricing and provide concrete steps to price their platform strategically.

What is a Platform Market?

A platform market consists of multiple groups of users who want to interact but can’t do so directly. The platform brings them together to enable interaction, benefiting all users and the platform itself by enabling these interactions and pricing appropriately. Although platform markets have been around forever, the last decade has seen an explosion in their number due to the ubiquity of the internet.

Examples:

·         Google

·         YouTube

·         TV

·         Facebook

·         Twitter (X)

Platform markets have historically earned significant revenue if they design their pricing correctly. This is because platform markets don’t need to produce goods themselves; rather, one or more “sides” of the platform produce goods and services for the other side, with the platform merely enabling the exchange. TikTok is a prime example: it produces nothing except a video hosting service, with users generating all the content for other users. Effectively, the platform has only fixed costs and very low marginal costs.

Therefore, platform markets are far more scalable than traditional one-sided markets, as their primary concern is to attract as many users as possible (who have no marginal cost to the platform). Additionally, platforms often enjoy a captive audience, making it difficult for competitors to entice away users once they are established. This is particularly evident in software and payment platforms.

How Does Nostr Enable the Creation of Platform Markets?

·         Open Protocol: Like the internet, Nostr is an open protocol.

·         Inbuilt Payment Systems: Nostr integrates payment systems such as Bitcoin’s Lightning Network.

·         Existing User Base: It already has a growing user base.

·         Decentralisation: This feature acts as a moat against competitors.

Types of platform enabled by Nostr

As of 2024 we are seeing multiple types of platforms that Nostr has enabled. The first is Nostr relays. A Nostr relay is a simple server that receives and broadcasts user notes (messages) in the Nostr protocol. Users can publish and fetch notes across multiple relays. Nostr relays can be configured by their operator to curate content on specific topics or people. Alternatively, they can be configured with an algorithm as experienced by users of contemporary social media. These can be valuable for users. And potentially, paid relays are a viable business opportunity.

The second platform Nostr enables is the Nostr client. Nostr clients are analogous to internet browser software. Historically, we have seen users be charged to install an internet browser, though this is unlikely to emerge in the market for Nostr clients. As a platform, a Nostr client might be bundled with a relay service (with curation or algorithm).

The third type of platform is Nostr apps. Each app can be designed as a platform if that is valuable for users. We are already seeing Nostr-based alternatives for music and video streaming, looking to compete with apps like YouTube.

We can’t know what the future will hold but the possibilities for designing platforms with Nostr are many. The advantage in designing a platform is that you can create a two sided market.

What is a Two-Sided Market?

All two-sided markets are platform markets, but not all platform markets are two-sided markets. The critical aspect of a two-sided market is that the volume of interactions on the platform depends on both the relative prices charged to each side and the total price charged. This is the case when both sides value more users on the other side, known in literature as an “indirect network externality.”

An example of a one-sided platform market is a clothes retailer, where the volume of sales depends only on the total price, not the relative prices charged to buyers and producers. Conversely, YouTube is a two-sided market where both creators and watchers benefit from more users. Watchers benefit from more variety and quality, while creators benefit from more users and views. YouTube introduces a special category of creators, the advertisers, who benefit monetarily from views because consumers viewing their content are likely to purchase their goods.

The prices paid by YouTube users are not all monetary:

·         Watchers are charged an inconvenience fee in the form of advertisements.

·         Advertisers are charged a monetary fee.

·         Creators are not charged any fees.

Let’s assume the total fees for YouTube add up to $100. Say advertisers are charged $90, watchers face an inconvenience worth $10, and creators still enjoy $0 costs. In this scenario, the total volume of videos watched might be some number like 100,000.

Assume we change the price structure to advertisers being charged $80, watchers paying an inconvenience worth $10, and creators being charged $10 (keeping the total fees at $100). In this new scenario, the likely outcome is that the marginal creator will no longer create videos, and thus, the total volume of videos watched will fall.

Two-Sided Markets that Allow Money Exchange

The key to understanding Nostr’s value lies in its inbuilt payment mechanism—Bitcoin’s Lightning Network protocol. Although this protocol is not part of the Nostr codebase, the existing Nostr clients incorporate it to allow users to pay each other bitcoin with a simple user interface. This means that Nostr as a protocol is ideal for creating platforms where users can exchange monetary value. The mechanics and design choices of the Lightning network further augment Nostr’s value proposition more so than traditional payment systems like credit cards, PayPal, etc.

Key Problem: Chicken and Egg

So far, we have established that platform markets enable at least two groups of users to come together and exchange. The primary problem is that both groups will only use the platform if the other group is already using it, creating a classic chicken and egg scenario. Platforms operate by bringing groups of users together, making users reticent to switch to a new platform because they don’t know if the other users will be there. This gives existing platforms enormous power.

Guy Swann sums this up well in this Nostr note: note1695j0czewtkfwy7h4ne7k2ug706uwc7lendsq50prsfp8vwq8nfszdx4z7.

Competing with Existing Platforms: Divide and Conquer!

To compete with existing platforms, you need to divide and conquer. The original formulation for this strategy is given in both Caillaud and Jullien (2003) and Armstrong (2006). To take advantage of the indirect network externalities identified earlier, the divide and conquer strategy involves subsidising one side of the market to attract a large user base (the "divide" part) and then monetising the other side of the market (the "conquer" part).

Divide: Attract one side of the market by offering lower prices or subsidies. For example, offer free registration to one side. This subsidy is essential to kickstart the network effects, as a larger user base on one side increases the platform’s attractiveness to the other side. This was observed in the early days of YouTube, which was free for both creators and watchers.

Conquer: Once a substantial user base is established on the subsidised side, charge higher fees on the other side of the market. This can be seen in contemporary YouTube, where advertisers (a specific kind of creator) pay fees, and watchers deal with the inconvenience of watching ads (inconvenience is a non-price fee).

Implementing This Strategy in Your Platform:

So who are are you dividing, who are you conquering? Deciding which side to subsidise involves understanding which side offers more benefit to the other side. For example, in nightclubs (Wright, 2004), men and women go to interact. Men are assumed to gain more from each woman’s presence than vice versa, so nightclubs often subsidise women with free entry or drinks to attract men.

First, consider all your user groups. What brings them to your platform, what do they want to gain by interacting with the other user groups.

Think about, and identify, which group confers more value for the other group by being on the platform.

Then, think about how you can subsidise that user group. Free access is common. But Nostr allows seamless payment integration which encourages users to exchange money. A potential model for your platform could be that you charge a fee to both users based on how much value they send to each other. One way to subsidise users in this case is to reduce those fees.

Alternatively, you could pay users to join your platform using Nostr’s integration with the Lightning Network.

References:

·         Armstrong, M. (2006). Competition in two-sided markets. The RAND Journal of Economics, 37(3), 668-691.

·         Caillaud, B., & Jullien, B. (2003). Chicken & Egg: Competition among Intermediation Service Providers. The RAND Journal of Economics, 34(2), 309-328.

·         Wright, J. (2004). One-sided logic in two-sided markets. Review of Network Economics, 3(1).

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Breezy Weather (it's free and open source)
2. Launch the app, tap Add A New Location and search for your city
3. Review the providers for each weather source
4. Optionally, add more locations by tapping the + icon
5. Enjoy the weather updates

ℹ️ To receive notifications for weather alerts, tap ⚙️, then Notifications and enable Notifications Of Severe Weather Alerts

@ 609f186c:0aa4e8af

Google says that Android 16 is slated to feature an optional high security mode. Cool.

Advanced Protection has a bunch of requested features that address the kinds of threats we worry about.

It's the kind of 'turn this one thing on if you face elevated risk' that we've been asking for from Google.

And likely reflects some learning after Google watched Apple 's Lockdown Mode play out. I see a lot of value in this..

Here are some features I'm excited to see play out:

The Intrusion Logging feature is interesting & is going to impose substantial cost on attackers trying to hide evidence of exploitation. Logs get e2ee encrypted into the cloud. This one is spicy.

The Offline Lock, Inactivity Reboot & USB protection will frustrate non-consensual attempts to physically grab device data.

Memory Tagging Extension is going to make a lot of attack & exploitation categories harder.

2G Network Protection & disabling Auto-connect to insecure networks are going to address categories of threat from things like IMSI catchers & hostile WiFi.

I'm curious about some other features such as:

Spam & Scam detection: Google messages feature that suggests message content awareness and some kind of scanning.

Scam detection for Phone by Google is interesting & coming later. The way it is described suggests phone conversation awareness. This also addresses a different category of threat than the stuff above. I can see it addressing a whole category of bad things that regular users (& high risk ones too!) face. Will be curious how privacy is addressed or if this done purely locally. Getting messy: Friction points? I see Google thinking these through, but I'm going to add a potential concern: what will users do when they encounter friction? Will they turn this off & forget to re-enable? We've seen users turn off iOS Lockdown Mode when they run into friction for specific websites or, say, legacy WiFi. They then forget to turn it back on. And stay vulnerable.

Bottom line: users disabling Apple's Lockdown Mode for a temporary thing & leaving it off because they forget to turn it on happens a lot. This is a serious % of users in my experience...

And should be factored into design decisions for similar modes. I feel like a good balance is a 'snooze button' or equivalent so that users can disable all/some features for a brief few minute period to do something they need to do, and then auto re-enable.

Winding up:

I'm excited to see how Android Advanced Protection plays with high risk users' experiences. I'm also super curious whether the spam/scam detection features may also be helpful to more vulnerable users (think: aging seniors)...

Niche but important:

Some users, esp. those that migrated to security & privacy-focused Android distros because of because of the absence of such a feature are clear candidates for it... But they may also voice privacy concerns around some of the screening features. Clear communication from the Google Security / Android team will be key here.

@ 266815e0:6cd408a5

Streams are the key to nostr

Loading events from a nostr relay is probably the most inconsistent way of loading data I've had to work with, and that's only loading from a single relay. the problem gets exponentially more complicated once you try to load events from multiple relays

Unlike HTTP nostr does not have a simple flow with timeouts built in. events are sent back one at a time and can fail at any point or have massive (10s) gaps between them

The key is to use streams. something that starts, emits any number of results, then maybe errors or completes. luckily it just so happens that JavaScript / TypeScript has a great observable stream library called RxJS

What is an observable

An Observable in RxJS is stream a of data that are initialized lazily, which means the stream is inactive and not running until something subscribes to it

```ts let stream = new Observable((observer) => { observer.next(1) observer.next(2) observer.next(3) observer.complete() })

// The stream method isn't run until its subscribed to stream.subscribe(v => console.log(v)) ```

This is super powerful and perfect for nostr because it means we don't need to manage the life-cycle of the stream. it will run when something subscribes to it and stop when unsubscribed.

Its helpful to think of this as "pulling" data. once we have created an observable we can request the data from it at any point in the future.

Pulling data from relays

We can use the lazy nature of observables to only start fetching events from a nostr relay when we need them

For example we can create an observable that will load kind 1 events from the damus relay and stream them back as they are returned from the relay

```typescript let req = new Observable((observer) => { // Create a new websocket connection when the observable is start let ws = new WebSocket('wss://relay.damus.io')

ws.onopen = () => { // Start a REQ ws.send(JSON.stringify(['REQ', 'test', {kinds: [1], limit: 20}])) }

ws.onmessage = (event) => { let message = JSON.parse(event.data) // Get the event from the message and pass it along to the subscribers if(message[0] === 'EVENT') observer.next(message[1]) }

// Cleanup subscription return () => { ws.send(JSON.stringify(['CLOSE', 'test'])) ws.close() } }) ```

But creating the observable wont do anything. we need to subscribe to it to get any events.

ts let sub = req.subscribe(event => { console.log('we got an event' event) })

Cool now we are pulling events from a relay. once we are done we can stop listening to it by unsubscribing from it

ts sub.unsubscribe()

This will call the cleanup method on the observable, which in turn closes the connection to the relay.

Hopefully you can see how this work, we don't have any open, connect, or disconnect methods. we simply subscribe to a stream of events and it handles all the messy logic of connecting to a relay

Composing and chaining observables

I've shown you how we can create a simple stream of events from a relay, but what if we want to pull from two relays?

Easy, lets make the previous example into a function that takes a relay URL

```ts function getNoteFromRelay(relay: string){ return new Observable((observer) => { let ws = new WebSocket(relay)

// ...rest of the observable...

}) } ```

Then we can "merge" two of these observables into a single observable using the merge method from RxJS

The merge method will create a single observable that subscribes to both upstream observables and sends all the events back. Think of it as pulling events from both relays at once

```ts import { merge } from 'rxjs'

const notes = merge( getNoteFromRelay('wss://relay.damus.io'), getNoteFromRelay('wss://nos.lol') )

// Subscribe to the observable to start getting data from it const sub = notes.subscribe(event => { console.log(event) })

// later unsubscribe setTimeout(() => { sub.unsubscribe() }, 10_000) ```

But now we have a problem, because we are pulling events from two relays we are getting duplicate events. to solve this we can use the .pipe method and the distinct operator from RxJS to modify our single observable to only return one version of each event

The .pipe method will create a chain of observables that will each subscribe to the previous one and modify the returned values in some way

The distinct operator takes a method that returns a unique identifier and filters out any duplicate values

```ts import { merge, distinct } from 'rxjs'

const notes = merge( getNoteFromRelay('wss://relay.damus.io'), getNoteFromRelay('wss://nos.lol') ).pipe( // filter out events we have seen before based on the event id distinct(event => event.id) ) ```

Now we have an observable that when subscribed to will connect to two relays and return a stream of events without duplicates...

As you can see things can start getting complicated fast. but its also very powerful because we aren't managing any life-cycle code, we just subscribe and unsubscribe from an observable

Taking it to an extreme

Hopefully at this point you can see how powerful this is, we can think of almost any data loading pattern as a series of observables that pull data from upstream observables and stream it back to the original subscriber.

Here is a quick sketch of what it could look like to load user profiles. each node is an observable that "pulls" data from its child node ending with the "connect websocket" or "load from database" nodes which do the work of making a relay connection

Conclusion

All this might seem pretty simple and straight forward, but its been a long six month of learning for me. I've had to completely rethink how data and nostr events should be handled in a client and how to avoid screwing up and shooting myself in the foot with these powerful tools.

If you want to give RxJS a try I would encourage you to checkout the nostr sdk I've been building called applesauce

Its uses RxJS for pretty much everything and has the simplest and most flexible relay connection API I've seen so far (mainly no life-cycle management)

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

How could the Dallas Mavericks possibly have gotten the first pick in this draft? League corruption? Mischievous basketball gods? Simulation theory? Dumb stupid luck? Whatever the reason, it's very interesting.

We'll probably be done with the 2nd round, by the time we record, which means round 2 recap and conference finals previews. It's definitely not the matchups anyone expected. What are the implications for our brackets?

The NFL released the season schedules and @grayruby's rightly excited for his 49ers upcoming season.

The parity situation worsens in the MLB, as the Dodgers' pitchers are ravaged by injury. Also, @grayruby and I are going head-to-head in fantasy baseball this week. Who will prevail?

On this week's Blok'd Shots, @grayruby will dance on the Leafs' grave and celebrate their well-deserved misfortune. Hell hath no fury like a scorned Leafs fan. Also, the NHL bracket is coming down to me and @Jer. Will knowing anything about hockey be enough to get Jer the victory?

And, as always, whatever the stackers want us to cover.

https://stacker.news/items/981596

@ 8f69ac99:4f92f5fd

Há algo quase reconfortante na previsibilidade com que certos colunistas abordam Bitcoin: a cada oportunidade, repetem os mesmos chavões, reciclados com indignação moralista e embrulhados numa embalagem de falsa autoridade. O artigo publicado na Visão, com o título dramático "De criança prodígio a adolescente problemático", encaixa-se perfeitamente nesse molde.

Trata-se de uma peça de opinião que mistura factos irrelevantes com interpretações enviesadas, estatísticas sem contexto e um medo mal disfarçado de perder o monopólio da narrativa económica. A autora, Sofia Santos Machado, opta por colar em Bitcoin os desastres do chamado “mundo cripto” como se fossem parte do mesmo fenómeno — ignorando, por conveniência ou ignorância, que Bitcoin não é altcoins, não é NFTs, não é esquemas de yield exótico, e não é fintech vestida de blockchain.

Esta resposta centra-se exclusivamente em Bitcoin — um protocolo monetário aberto, incorruptível e resistente à censura, que já está a servir como salvaguarda de valor em regiões onde o sistema financeiro convencional falhou. Não me interessa defender pirâmides, tokens inflacionários ou aventuras bancárias mal calculadas.

Criticar Bitcoin é legítimo — mas fazê-lo sem saber do que se fala é apenas desinformação.

A Histeria da Água — Falar Sem Saber

O artigo abre com uma pérola alarmista sobre o consumo de água:

“Uma única transacção de bitcoin consome seis milhões de vezes mais água do que um pagamento com cartão.”

Seis. Milhões. De vezes. Resta saber se a autora escreveu isto com cara séria ou a rir-se enquanto bebia água engarrafada dos Alpes Suíços.

Fontes? Metodologia? Contexto? Estou a brincar — isto é a Visão, onde os números são decoração e os factos opcionais.

Claro que comparar transacções na camada base de Bitcoin com pagamentos "instantâneos" da rede Visa é tão rigoroso como comparar um Boeing 747 com um avião de papel porque um voa mais longe. Um artigo sério teria falado em batching, na Lightning Network, ou no facto de que Bitcoin nem sequer compete com a Visa nesse nível, nem em nenhum. Mas isso exigiria, imagine-se, investigação.

Pior ainda, não há qualquer menção ao consumo de água na extracção de ouro, nos data centers bancários, ou no treino de modelos de inteligência artificial. Pelos vistos, só Bitcoin tem de obedecer aos mandamentos ecológicos da Visão. O resto? Santa ignorância selectiva.

Criminosos e o Fantasma do Satoshi

Eis o clássico: “Bitcoin é usado por criminosos”. Um cliché bafiento tirado do baú de 2013, agora reapresentado como se fosse escândalo fresco.

Na realidade, Bitcoin é pseudónimo, não anónimo. Todas as transacções ficam gravadas num livro público — não é propriamente o esconderijo ideal para lavar dinheiro, a menos que sejas fã de disfarces em néon.

E os dados? Claríssimos. Segundo a Chainalysis e a Europol, a actividade ilícita com Bitcoin tem vindo a diminuir. Enquanto isso, os bancos — esses bastiões de confiança — continuam a ser apanhados a lavar biliões para cartéis e cleptocratas. Mas disso a Visão não fala. Devia estragar a narrativa.

O verdadeiro crime aqui é a preguiça intelectual tão profunda que quase merece uma moldura. A Visão tem um editor?

O Espantalho Energético

Como uma criança que acabou de aprender uma palavra nova, a Visão repete “consumo energético” como se fosse um pecado original. Bitcoin usa electricidade — escândalo!

Mas vejamos: o Proof-of-Work não é um defeito. É a razão pela qual Bitcoin é seguro. Não há “desperdício” — há uso, e muitas vezes com energia excedente, renovável, ou que de outro modo seria desperdiçada. É por isso que os mineiros se instalam junto a barragens remotas, queima de gás (flaring), ou parques eólicos no meio do nada — não porque odeiam o planeta, mas porque os incentivos económicos funcionam. Escrevi sobre isso aqui.

O que a Visão convenientemente ignora é que Bitcoin está a ajudar a integrar mais energia renovável nas redes, funcionando como carga flexível. Mas nuance? Trabalho de casa? Esquece lá isso.

Para uma explicação mais séria, podiam ter ouvido o podcast A Seita Bitcoin com o Daniel Batten. Mas para quê investigar?

Cripto = Bitcoin = Fraude?

Aqui chegamos ao buraco negro intelectual: enfiar tudo no mesmo saco. FTX colapsou? Culpa de Bitcoin. Um banqueiro jogou com altcoins? Culpa de Bitcoin. Scam de NFT? Deve ter sido o Satoshi.

Vamos esclarecer: Bitcoin não é “cripto”. Bitcoin é descentralizado, sem líderes, transparente. Não teve pré-mineração, não tem CEO, não promete lucros. O que o rodeia? Tokens centralizados, esquemas Ponzi, pirâmides e vaporware — precisamente o oposto do que Bitcoin representa.

Se um executivo bancário perde o dinheiro dos clientes em Dogecoins, isso é um problema dele. Bitcoin não lhe prometeu nada. Foi a ganância.

E convenhamos: os bancos tradicionais também colapsam. E não precisam de satoshis para isso. Bastam dívidas mal geridas, contabilidade criativa e uma fé cega no sistema.

Culpar Bitcoin por falcatruas “cripto” é como culpar o TCP/IP ou SMTP por emails de phishing. É preguiçoso, desonesto e diz-nos mais sobre a autora do que sobre a tecnologia.

Promessas Por Cumprir? Só Se Não Estiveres a Ver

A "jornalista" da Visão lamenta que “após 15 anos, os riscos são reais mas as promessas por cumprir”. Que promessas? Dinheiro grátis? Cafés pagos com QR codes mágicos?

Bitcoin nunca prometeu fazer cappuccinos mais rápidos. Prometeu soberania monetária, resistência à censura e um sistema previsível. E tem cumprido — diariamente, para milhões. E para o cappuccino, há sempre a Lightning Network.

Pergunta aos venezuelanos, nigerianos, peruanos ou argentinos se Bitcoin falhou. Para muitos, é a única forma de escapar à hiperinflação, ao confisco estatal e à decadência financeira.

Bitcoin não é uma app. É infra-estrutura. É uma nova camada base para o dinheiro global. Não se vê — mas protege, impõe regras e não obedece a caprichos de banqueiros centrais.

E isso assusta. Especialmente quem nunca viveu fora da bolha do euro.

Conclusão: A Visão a Gritar Contra o Progresso

No fim, o artigo da Visão é um festival de clichés, dados errados e ressentimento. Não é só enganador. É desonesto. Culpa a tecnologia pelos erros dos homens. Rejeita o futuro em nome do conforto passado.

Bitcoin não é uma varinha mágica. Mas é a fundação de uma nova liberdade financeira. Uma ferramenta para proteger valor, resistir a abusos e escapar ao controlo constante de quem acha que sabe o que é melhor para ti.

Portanto, fica aqui o desafio, Sofia: se queres criticar Bitcoin, primeiro percebe o que é. Lê o white paper. Estuda. Faz perguntas difíceis.

Caso contrário, és só mais um cão a ladrar para a trovoada — muito barulho, zero impacto.

@ a5142938:0ef19da3

"Joha is a Danish brand that creates clothing in merino wool, organic cotton, organic bamboo viscose and silk for babies, children and women.

Natural materials used in products

• Cotton (organic)
• Wool (merino)
• Silk
• Regenerated Cellulose (cupra, lyocell, modal, rayon, viscose) (organic bamboo)

⚠️ Warning: some products from this brand contain non-natural materials, including: - Elastane, lycra, spandex - Polyamides, nylon

Categories of products offered

This brand offers products made entirely from natural materials in the following categories:

Clothing

• Clothing fits: babies, children, women
• Underwear: panties
• One piece: bodysuits
• Tops: tank tops, t-shirts
• Bottoms: pants-trousers, leggings
• Head & handwear: hats, balaclavas, mittens
• Nightwear: pyjamas

Footwear

• Footwear fits: baby shoes
• Slippers: booties

Other information

• Oeko-Tex Standard 100 certification
• Woolmark certification
• Non mulesed wool and animal welfare declaration (Südwolle group GmbH)

👉 Learn more on the brand website

Where to find their products?

• Luna & Curious (shipping area: UK and international)
• Niddle Noddle (shipping area: UK and international)
• Chlidren Salon (shipping area: UK and international)
• Lieblings Paris

---

This article is published on origin-nature.com 🌐 Voir cet article en français

📝 You can contribute to this entry by suggesting edits in comments.

🗣️ Do you use this brand products? Share your opinion in the comments.

⚡ Happy to have found this information? Support the project by making a donation to thank the contributors."

@ 94215f42:7681f622

Value Creation at the Edge

The conversation around artificial intelligence has largely centered on the technology itself, the capabilities of large language models, the race for more parameters, and the competition between AI companies.

He with the most data / biggest model / biggest platform wins all.

As we're been exploring in recent "Good Stuff" podcasts, the true business model of AI may be much more straightforward. AI is after all a productivity tool with little technical moat, in fact the existence of AI coding and learning tools quickly chop away at this moat even quicker!.\ \ We believe that the it's about transforming traditional human heavy businesses by dramatically reducing operational costs while maintaining or increasing output.

AI is poised to create value not primarily for AI companies themselves, but for businesses that effectively implement AI to transform their operations, particularly small, local businesses that can become extraordinarily efficient through AI adoption.

The Value Shift: From AI Companies to AI-Enabled Traditional Businesses

A central insight from episode 1 of the podcast series, is that the value of AI isn't likely to accrue primarily to companies like OpenAI or other AI technology providers. Instead, the real winners will be traditional service businesses that can leverage AI to transform their operations and cost structures.

"I think we're gonna see this shift to traditional service businesses... that traditionally have pretty fixed low margins because of a dependency on language-heavy workflows that require a lot of humans as the medium of intelligence in the business."

The opportunity here is to use AI to manage the language dependency and shift the moments of intelligence, that currently exist in the heads of our staff, into software that can run 24x7 for fractions of a cost.\ \ The real limiting factor here is less a magic AGI, but instead detailed thinking and process redesign to move humans to the edge of the process. As it turns out if we think through what each person is doing in detail we see the specific decisions, outputs, moments of intelligence are actually quite constrained and can be replicated in LLM's if we break them down to a low enough level of fidelity and take each decisions one step at a time.\ \ The result? Businesses that have traditionally operated with fixed, low margins can potentially achieve "software-style margins" by dramatically reducing their operational expenses.

Transforming Traditional Service Businesses

We have developed three key heuristics for identifying businesses that could benefit most from AI transformation:

1. Language Intensity: Businesses where much of the work involves processing language (reading, writing, communicating). Language in, language out. If you are sat in a chair and typing all day, this could be you.

2. Labor Component: Where we see this language intensity so we find many people performing similar, standardized roles. For examples, if we have four people in the same role this is a big clue we have good process, checklists, role descriptions etc for how the work can be done in order to replicate work across multiple people.

3. Load in the Business: Taking these processes into account, what amount of the operational expense of the business do they represent? Where these language and labor-intensive operations represent a significant portion of the business cost, we can see there will be significant return.

Traditional service businesses that match these criteria—legal firms, accounting practices, consulting agencies, contract engineering, design agencies and others—could see dramatic transformations through AI implementation.

By automating these language-heavy processes, businesses can potentially reduce operational costs by 50-80% while maintaining similar levels of output.

The Power of Small

We believe that small businesses may have an inherent advantage in this transformation. While large enterprises face significant barriers to reducing their workforce (political pressure, media scrutiny, organizational complexity), smaller businesses can adapt more quickly and focus on growth rather than just cost-cutting.

If I'm in a 20,000 person business and I need to remove 10,000 people... that's hard. You can't do this without sending political shock waves in your local community.

If I'm a 10 person business and I need to double my revenue, nobody gives a shit. I can just do it.

For small businesses, AI removes growth constraints. When adding the "21st person" no longer represents a significant capital investment, small businesses can scale much more efficiently:

If the next nominal client that you onboard doesn't actually cause you any more additional pain, if you don't need to hire more people to service that client... you just take off the brakes off from a growth perspective.

This gives small business a unique advantage in capitalizing on AI.

From "Bionic Humans" to "Humans at the Edge"

We currently see this integration to business happening in one of two models:

1. The Bionic Human: Equipping workers with AI tools to make them more productive.

2. Human at the Edge: Redesigning processes to be AI-native, with humans entering the process only when needed (and often facilitated by bitcoin payments).

While many businesses are focused on the first approach and it can certainly see returns, it is still a process constrained by the human input. The real value unlock comes from fundamentally redesigning business processes with AI at the core.

Now we can purchase intelligence in buckets of $0.02 API calls, how would we operate different?

This represents a profound shift in how we think about work and processes. Rather than humans being central to processes with tools supporting them, AI becomes the backbone of operations with humans providing input only at critical junctures.

This is "a complete mental shift" that challenges our fundamental assumptions about how businesses operate. The human becomes "the interface with the real world" for AI systems rather than the primary processor of information and decision-maker.

The Value Trap: Understanding the Competitive Dynamic

So what happens next? Here we have developed the concept of the Value Trap to explain how the competitive landscape will evolve as AI adoption increases..\ \

Initially, early adopters of AI and "Human at the Edge" business processes, will see dramatic benefits.

If your costs have dropped from 90 to 20 this creates an immediate competitive advantage where the early adopter is "now making 80 units of profit versus your 10 units of profit.

They gain massive pricing power in the industry and can compete for growth with an unfair advantage.

Over time, and here we believe this is likely a 5-10 year period although we believe the quicker side, competitive pressures will erode these advantages.\ \ As competitors adopt similar AI strategies, price competition will intensify, and revenues will decline. The business that initially saw its costs drop from 90 to 20 units might see its revenue decline from 100 to 30 units, resulting in similar margins but much lower overall revenue, often destroying the enterprise value of the company at these new revenue / profit levels!

This evolution creates an imperative for businesses to adopt AI early, not just to maintain perpetual advantage, but simply to survive the transition. Worse they're hit with a second challenge of the value trap, how do I keep hold of the value I generate along the way.\ \ If you're reading this on Nostr you may already suspect a way out of this value trap.\ \ If not I would invite you to consider storing the immediate short term returns you pull forwards in something that would be inflation resistant, hard to seize and ideally portable.\ \ We refer to this as a 'The big orange arbitrage".

Implications for Business Owners and Capital Allocators

For business owners, especially those running small to medium-sized enterprises, the message is clear: understand how AI could transform your industry and begin planning your transition now.\ \ This might involve creating an "AI-native twin" of your current business—similar to how Netflix developed streaming alongside its DVD business—to eventually replace your current operations. If you want help please ask, I heavily favor more small businesses in the world and would love to help make this a reality.

For capital allocation, the emerging opportunity we see if in "transformation led private equity". The acquisition of traditional service businesses and applying AI to dramatically reduce operational costs and increase enterprise value.\ \ This approach treats AI not as a product but as a transformation strategy for existing businesses with proven product-market fit.

Transformation led PE is venture style returns without the risk of product market fit.

So the lesson?

The business model of AI isn't all about selling AI technology, adding a RAG chatbot to a new DB or collecting everyone's data.\ \ Consider the humble cash flow business, use AI to transform the operational processes and save into everyone's favorite orange coin.

@ 5f078e90:b2bacaa3

Owl’s One-Legged Vigil

The vigil, one leg style

In a misty grove, Sylas the owl perched on a gnarled oak, standing on one leg. His golden eyes scanned the night. Why one leg? A vow to honor his lost mate, taken by a hawk. Each dusk, Sylas balanced, unwavering, as stars wheeled above. His silent stance drew the forest’s gaze—squirrels paused, deer bowed. One moonlit night, a young owl mimicked him, sparking hope. Sylas’s vigil became legend, a beacon of resilience.

Owl’s One-Legged Vigil: Part Two

Part 2

In the misty grove, Sylas stood on one leg, his vigil unbroken. The young owl, inspired, joined nightly, mimicking his stance. Word spread—foxes whispered, ravens cawed. Sylas’s balance was no mere feat; it was defiance against loss. One stormy dusk, winds howled, yet Sylas held firm, his single leg rooted. The young owl faltered but watched in awe. Moonlight pierced the clouds, bathing them in silver. Sylas hooted softly, a call of endurance. The grove’s creatures gathered, drawn by his resolve. A wise badger spoke: “Your vigil heals us.” The young owl, now named Lark, vowed to carry Sylas’s legacy. As dawn broke, Sylas stretched both legs, his vow fulfilled. He flew with Lark, their wings brushing the sky. The grove thrived, united by his stand. Sylas’s one-legged vigil became a tale of hope, etched in every tree.

@ c1e6505c:02b3157e

“Put that camera down, you bitch,” someone yelled out of a car as it drove by with the door wide open.

I had a little time in Savannah yesterday to walk around and take some photos. I tend to wander through the rougher areas — not just in Savannah, but in any city I visit. I’m drawn to the spots most people avoid. Not the tourist zones, but the alleys, the quiet, broken-down neighborhoods where the grit is.

I’ve photographed Savannah a lot over the past few years, so it’s getting harder to find places I haven’t already been. But every now and then, I’ll stumble on a back street or alley I’ve never seen before, and in it, something I’m almost certain no one else has photographed.

There’s something about walking aimlessly with a camera that I find incredibly fulfilling. Honestly, if I could do just that for the rest of my life — wander around and photograph things that most people overlook — I’d be content.

There’s a quote I heard recently - can’t remember who said it — but it stuck with me. It was something like: “It’s better to be aimless than to be rigid with a plan.” Because when you’re too locked into a goal, you might miss the opportunities that pop up along the way. You need to stay flexible, fluid—open to what the world hands you.

That’s how I feel about photography. I’ll walk for hours—sometimes five to ten miles — just to see what shows up. It becomes a game. A game between me, the camera, the street, and whatever decides to show up that day.

Usually, it takes a few warm-up shots to get into it — just pictures of objects, whatever catches my eye. But once I find a rhythm, it’s like the world starts to reveal itself. The good stuff comes out of hiding.

That’s what real photography is to me. Not staging scenes or setting up portraits—that’s more like illustration, as Garry Winogrand would say. What I care about is life. Life unfolding right in front of you. Life happening.

Thank you for your attention. Please consider donating a few sats if you enjoy my work. It goes a long way. If not, please share. Thank you.

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers!

We bring news from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where the Rwanda-backed M23 rebel group is imposing immense taxes on the local economy, merchants, and aid groups to fund its insurgency as it seeks to govern seized regions of the Eastern Congo. The levies worsen economic hardship for Congolese already suffering from ongoing cash shortages, bank closures, and rapidly rising prices induced by the regional conflict.

Meanwhile, in Hong Kong, independent media outlet Channel C, founded by former Apple Daily employees, had its bank account frozen by local officials over alleged fraud charges. The closure fits into a widespread pattern of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leveraging financial repression and legal pressure to silence independent and pro-democracy media in Hong Kong.

In freedom tech news, we highlight a new ecash development: multinut payments. These payments let users combine small balances held at different ecash mints to pay a single invoice. It’s a big step forward in terms of usability and security for human rights defenders since they no longer need to keep a large balance of ecash at any one mint. This reduces the chances of stolen funds while maintaining strong privacy guarantees. We also highlight the ongoing OP_RETURN debate in the Bitcoin community, present both sides of the argument, and invite our readers to watch a nuanced debate on this topic.

We end with the latest edition of the HRF x Pubkey Freedom Tech series, where the Human Rights Foundation’s Alex Gladstein discusses the upcoming Oslo Freedom Forum and HRF’s role in supporting open-source freedom tech with Pubkey’s co-founder, Thomas Pacchia. We also include the livestreams from the latest bitcoin++ event, where developers, privacy advocates, and freedom tech users convened to discuss Bitcoin’s mempool, learn how Bitcoin transactions are sorted into blocks, and discuss current mempool policies.

Now, let’s jump right in!

SUBSCRIBE HERE

GLOBAL NEWS

DR Congo | Rebel Rule and Economic Ruin

After seizing control of large parts of the eastern Congo, the Paul Kagame-backed M23 rebel group is now trying to govern and fund its insurgency through coercive taxation and financial control. Rebels now impose a 15% tax on coltan metal production, 20% duties on merchants selling essential goods, and demand tax bills from aid groups, backed by threats of physical punishment. “If you don’t pay up, you risk being whipped,” one merchant said. The new levies are worsening the financial struggles for Congolese already suffering from ongoing cash shortages, bank closures, and rapidly rising prices induced by the regional conflict. Many must travel hundreds of kilometers just to obtain cash while navigating the backdrop of a humanitarian crisis that has claimed more than 7,000 lives.

China | Law Enforcement Freezes Bank Accounts of Independent Media Outlet Channel C

Hong Kong-based Channel C, an independent media outlet founded by former Apple Daily employees, reports that its bank accounts are frozen, forcing the news outlet to halt operations. Local law enforcement claim the outlet abused a COVID-era loan scheme and arrested one of its directors for alleged fraud. Still, the closure fits a well-worn pattern: using financial and legal repression to silence independent media in Hong Kong. Pro-democracy newspaper Apple Daily faced a nearly identical fate in 2021 when its assets were seized and its founder, Jimmy Lai, was imprisoned under Hong Kong’s new national security law. Lai now faces up to life in prison. When access to money becomes contingent on political obedience, press freedom can’t survive.

Venezuela | Blackouts, Inflation, and Currency Shortages

Venezuelans are once again bracing for economic collapse as inflation rises to 162% and electrical blackouts sweep across major cities. The situation echoes 2019’s political and financial chaos, where triple-digit inflation, foreign currency shortages, and power outages paralyzed the country. In reaction to the collapse, Nicolás Maduro approved the country’s first economic emergency decree in four years, granting himself broad powers to suspend taxes and authorize new benefits for select investors. The regime has also reshuffled central bank leadership and is pressing merchants to abandon US dollar pricing and return to the failing bolivar system — a clear move to financially asphyxiate Venezuelans. A focus on top-down economic management by Maduro’s regime will only reinforce the inflation and poverty driving this widespread crisis in the wake of Maduro’s stolen and blatantly rigged presidential election.

Bolivia | Inflation Accelerates to 17-Year High

Inflation in Bolivia is accelerating rapidly, with prices rising more than 15% year over year. This is the highest level of inflation Bolivians have seen in 17 years. Families now face increased costs of essential goods like food, shelter, and water. And the country’s fixed exchange rate system is also faltering, with dwindling reserves and growing dollar shortages compounding the price increases. The Bolivian regime also approved a new decree to regulate financial technology companies and virtual asset providers. The regulations tighten control over platforms that offer alternatives to the depreciating boliviano. If implemented rigidly, these regulations could restrict access to tools like Bitcoin.

Nicaragua | Ortega Centralizes Passport Renewal in Managua for Exiled Dissidents

The regime of Daniel Ortega has stripped Nicaraguans abroad of a basic right: the ability to renew their passports at local embassies abroad. All renewals must now go through the Nicaraguan capital of Managua, forcing exiles to either return home or authorize a relative (via an apostilled power of attorney) to handle the renewal on their behalf. For many outside Nicaragua, especially political opposition, journalists, and human rights defenders, returning is not a safe option, and involving relatives could expose them to state repression or retaliation. Those who do return risk facing the immense physical and financial repression of the Ortega regime, including surveillance, extortion, bank freezes, or even imprisonment. Ortega’s corruption of even basic bureaucracy undermines the growing Nicaraguan diaspora’s ability to live freely abroad by making their legal status, mobility, and access to financial services conditional.

Kenya | High Court Rules Against Sam Altman and Worldcoin

A Kenyan High Court ruled that Worldcoin, the biometric ID project co-founded by Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI, violated constitutional privacy rights by collecting iris scans and facial images without proper safeguards. The court ordered the immediate deletion of all biometric data collected from Kenyan users, including iris scans and facial images. They also banned the project from conducting any further data collection. Kenya had been one of Worldcoin’s largest markets before authorities suspended the project in 2023. As biometric surveillance becomes more widespread, this case highlights the risks of technologies that undermine privacy in the name of inclusion.

BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS

Cashu | Make Ecash Payments from Multiple Mints

Cashu, a protocol for making private bitcoin payments using ecash, shared a new feature called multinut payments. Still in development, it enables users to combine small ecash balances held at different mints (entities that issue and redeem ecash) into a single transaction. Since Cashu is a custodial system (meaning users must trust the mints they use), this update reduces counterparty risk by allowing users to spread their funds across multiple mints rather than relying on just one. Previously, making a large ecash payment required keeping a sizeable balance at a single mint, increasing the chances of losing your funds if the mint were shut down or compromised. Now, larger payments can be made with significantly less custody risk. For those living under strict financial controls, ecash multinut payments offer a very private way to spend funds without trusting any single entity that can censor or debank them.

Bitika | Bridging Bitcoin and M-Pesa in Kenya

Bitika is a Kenyan fintech startup simplifying Bitcoin access. It integrates with M-Pesa, the mobile money platform used daily for payments by millions of people across Kenya and wider East Africa. Bitika offers a three-step process to buy Bitcoin via mobile phone using the Lightning Network. Users simply enter the amount of Bitcoin they would like to receive in Kenyan shillings, input their Bitcoin Lightning wallet address, and enter their M-Pesa number, and once confirmed, they receive their Bitcoin. Bitika is similar to other Bitcoin projects like Tando, which also bridges Bitcoin with M-Pesa using the Lightning Network. With plans to expand across the rest of Africa, Bitika shows Bitcoin’s grassroots utility and the role of local context in driving bottom-up financial inclusion. Try it here.

Frostsnap | New Bitcoin Multisig Custody Solution

Frostsnap is a new Bitcoin custody solution that uses a simplified multisignature setup to protect users' funds from theft, loss, or coercion by corrupt and authoritarian regimes. Rather than generating and storing private keys on a single device, multisignature solutions like Frostsnap employ multiple private keys distributed across different devices and locations. This approach eliminates single points of failure and offers strong resistance to physical attacks, device compromise, and forced access to users’ Bitcoin (such as from Chinese law enforcement, who surveil mail and extort Bitcoin). Frostsnap also offers the ability to spend directly from the multisig wallet, hide the wallet in times of duress, and access inheritance features, all critical functionalities for human rights defenders and nonprofits facing surveillance or financial repression. Learn more here.

OP_RETURN | Debate Over Bitcoin Core’s Data Relay Limits

A heated debate has resurfaced between some Bitcoin users and developers over whether to raise the size limit for OP_RETURN data that Bitcoin Core nodes (computers running Bitcoin’s main software implementation) relay. The debate was sparked when developer Peter Todd proposed removing this data limit from mempool policy on the basis that it could reduce reliance on direct miner connections, improve fee estimation, and shrink the Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) set. It would do this by encouraging users to store arbitrary data in prunable, unspendable outputs (rather than spendable, persistent UTXOs). On the other hand, critics warn that lifting the OP_RETURN limit could increase spam, undermine Bitcoin’s focus on serving financial transactions, and weaken its censorship resistance. The debate still continues, but at its core, the disagreement highlights deeper tensions over what kinds of data should flow through the Bitcoin network. Tune into this discussion at the latest bitcoin++ developer conference to understand the nuance on both sides of the OP_RETURN debate.

Wasabi Wallet | Major Privacy Upgrade and Serverless Operation

Wasabi Wallet, a non-custodial, privacy-focused Bitcoin wallet, introduced its Prometheus update, which enables the wallet to synchronize and operate without a central server and increases transaction privacy. Users can now connect Wasabi directly to their own Bitcoin node (computer running the Bitcoin software), removing reliance on third-party infrastructure and reducing the risk of censorship. The update also introduces Coinjoin 2.0, a privacy technique that mixes the inputs of a Bitcoin transaction, in doing so protecting, for example, the identity of a dissident or nonprofit. Coinjoin 2.0 brings a redesigned mixing process that continuously registers coins as they become available. This change improves privacy and strengthens resistance to analysis that dictators can use to track payments.

Cove Wallet | Adds Support for Krux

Cove Wallet, an open-source mobile Bitcoin wallet currently in beta, released v0.4.0, which brings support for Krux hardware wallets. Krux is an open-source software and HRF grantee that turns generic computing devices into hardware wallets for secure Bitcoin self-custody and transactions. It can help decentralize access to Bitcoin and protect freedom and property rights in authoritarian regimes by providing a discrete and modular self-custody solution. By incorporating Krux, Cove offers its users a private, borderless, DIY path to financial sovereignty with no brand-name hardware. Cove Wallet also announced future support for coin control, which will grant users granular control over the specific coins they use in their Bitcoin payments and the ability to improve transaction privacy.

RECOMMENDED CONTENT

HRF x Pubkey — Freedom Tech and the Oslo Freedom Forum with Alex Gladstein

The latest edition of the HRF x Pubkey Freedom Tech series features a fireside chat with Alex Gladstein, chief strategy officer of HRF, in conversation with Pubkey co-founder Tom Pacchia. The discussion explores HRF’s role in funding and supporting open-source Freedom Tech, the upcoming Oslo Freedom Forum and the Freedom Tech track, as well as the human rights paradox of nation-state Bitcoin adoption. Catch the full conversation here.

bitcoin++ Developer Conference Livestream

Last week, bitcoin++ hosted the  “mempool edition” of its Bitcoin developer conference series in Austin, Texas. The event, supported by HRF, brought together Bitcoin developers and freedom tech advocates for multiple days of hands-on development, workshops, and technical discussions surrounding Bitcoin’s mempool (the queue of pending transactions in a Bitcoin node). If you’d like to dive into the technical intricacies, you can catch the key sessions and workshops via live stream. Watch them here.

If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report here.

Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program via BTCPay.\ Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ hrf.org

The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals here.

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@ efe5d120:1fc51981

It’s not big government programs or powerful institutions that make a society strong. It’s something much simpler: everyday people trading and working together.

Think about the local hardware store owner. He helps his neighbors, gives people jobs, and provides useful tools. But when the government taxes him too much to fund its programs, it takes away money he could have used to hire someone or visit his family. That hurts both him and the people around him.

This happens all over. Small business owners, tradesmen, inventors and entrepreneurs are the ones who really build up a society. They create value by trading things people want, and both sides benefit. Free trade gives people more choices and helps them live better lives.

But from a young age, we’re told to obey authority without question. We’re taught that without rulers, there would be chaos. But what if that’s not true?

Look around the world: even when governments try to control trade, people still find ways to work together and exchange goods. It’s natural. People want to cooperate and help each other—especially when they’re free to do so.

Here’s the hard truth: if someone can take your money, control your property, and punish you without your agreement, isn’t that a kind of control—or even servitude?

True prosperity doesn’t come from the top down. It comes from people freely working together—farmers, builders, cooks, coders—offering their skills to others who need them.

When trade is free, people do well. When it’s blocked by too many rules or taxes, everyone loses—especially the ones who need help the most.

The answer isn’t more laws or more control. It’s more freedom. Next time someone says we need more government to fix things, ask yourself: wouldn’t free people solve those problems better on their own?

Real civilization isn’t about being ruled. It’s about choosing to work together, trade fairly, and respect each other’s rights. That’s not chaos—that’s freedom.

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers!

Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon!

A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats.

So stay a while and listen.

🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨

🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/980647

@ da931929:e4097d1a

Bottom-up Load-balancing for Nostr Relays

Goal: protect your relay by distributing clients more evenly across all relays without top-down coordination.

The problem

Nostr relays are a public good with the costs borne by benevolent volunteers running them. So far this system has been robust, supporting tens of thousands of active users per month. There is some low-key evidence of strain on these servers (see below) and overload could become a bigger problem as the network grows, attracts spammers, griefers, and other bad actors. It could become expensive to run the most popular relays even under ideal conditions with conscientious users.

The main strategies employed by relays to mitigate overload currently are a) throttling requests b) pre-set PoW c) authentication of some form, with throttling being common on popular servers. Throttling is an opaque strategy where client apps only receive the kill signal once they have been throttled. Pre-set PoW is exclusionary to most clients that don't implement it, and authentication is centralizing.

The current strategy employed by clients for selecting relays is for client apps to choose a set of default relays, and for users to modify those defaults manually in the UI. This results in natural aggregation of clients on the more popular relays. This concentrates load on a smaller number of relays and is centralizing.

A solution

A solution that helps both clients and relays is to make the relay overload signal legible.

Our proposal is simple:

1. Relay software measures common load utilization percentage metrics like cpu, memory, and disk.
2. Overloaded relays publish their current load expressed as a proof-of-work requirement (NIP-11).
3. Clients upon seeing the proof-of-work requirement can do the PoW or switch relays (NIP-13, NIP-01).

This sets up a basic PoW market where "prices" help "consumers" decide where to allocate their "capital" (events with proof-of-work tokens). The likely effect is that clients will automatically re-distribute their traffic away from "expensive" overloaded relays towards "cheap" underloaded relays, making the entire network healthier.

The new thing here is tying PoW to load. Existing NIPs cover most of the PoW part of the soultion. NIP-11 covers publishing of PoW requirements by relays. NIP-13 and NIP-01 cover clients performing PoW and relays reacting to it.

A pleasant side-effect of using PoW as the load signal is that would-be spammers are forced to pay an actual cost in the form of energy expenditure and hardware.

How to participate

Participation is opt-in. Any relay or client can participate in this scheme if they want to try it out, or ignore it if they don't. It doesn't require large scale changes to the protocol.

Relay implementation

To participate in this protocol relays would make these changes:

1. Collect load metrics.
2. Publish PoW requirements (NIP-11).
3. Check PoW on incoming client events (NIP-13, NIP-01).

Collecting load metrics is straightforward. Relays can collect CPU loadavg, memory usage (averaged), and disk utilization as percentages. We suggest the final load percentage value should be: max(cpu%, mem%, disk%) as a starting point. The reason for using max() is that problems arise if any of your resources is exhausted, so we should rely on the most exhausted resource as the actual load value.

PoW required can be calculated (see section below) by using a sensible starting point for tolerable load - the zero-PoW-load point. A max-bits diffculty can be specified for the 100% load point. The zero-PoW-load value is the load percentage up until which the relay is comfortable offering connections "free" without requring any PoW. This situation would be the same as it is currently with clients able to freely connect to most relays. Once the zero-PoW-load is reached the server would start publishing a number of bits of PoW required using NIP-11. The PoW required would scale up with the load experienced. Of course zero-PoW-load can be set low to facilitate early PoW market signals.

New metrics that relays care about can be added to the calculation in future without clients caring. Other metrics could be used such as percent of available TCP/websocket connection slots used, or actual server rental costs vs. maximum cost a volunteer will bear.

Validating PoW on incoming client events is something that has already been discussed and implemented in relays. See NIPs 11, 13, and 01.

PoW Required Calculation

• zero_pow_load is a setting for the minimum load percentage where PoW should kick in with 1 bit of PoW. 80% could be a sensible starting point. Operators of popular relays can use their own historical data to determine this.
• max_bits is set to the highest PoW clients will have to do when server load goes near 100%. This can be calibrated to some value like 1 hour of PoW on an average modern device. It's not expected clients will actually perform this but it sets the scale, and it should prevent highly resourced spammers from 100% utilization of any relay.
• current_load is the computed maximum of all of the load metric percentages gathered.

Then the formula for calculating the required PoW bits is:

pow_bits_required = max_bits * max(0, (current_load - zero_pow_load) / (100 - zero_pow_load))

Since PoW increases logarithmically (each bit being exponentially harder than the last) some scaling function may be required to smooth this off.

Client implementation

These are the changes clients would make to participate in this protocol.

1. Select relays based on PoW (favour PoW-cheap + known reliable relays).
2. Do PoW if connecting to overloaded servers (NIP-11 and NIP-13).

Selecting relays for the user then might mean keeping a larger list of potential default relays and selecting a subset at setup time based on PoW requirements. It might also mean actively monitoring for high-PoW relays and switching away if a relay is frequently expensive.

It is in a client's best interest to select a low-PoW underloaded set of relays to publish to, whilst still favouring known-reliable relays. If the whole network becomes loaded then PoW acts as a deterrent for non-critical use and spammers. Only the most commited clients and users will participate. It can also be a transparent signal to the community that more relays are required.

Addenda

So that's the main specification of the scheme. The following are related addenda.

Evidence of strain

Some random low-key evidence of strain on relays, and worries about the costs of running them.

nostr:note1kp57fvd8jz6639g86ugv5zy4q2sn52mz30kqp6xwgtlgph44q22stt7hkk

nostr:note19cp5rzvrmu7gc7n6czv8650wlyc355yffmy6amxtmd3pmut4umcqsr9dm4

nostr:note16vmlqsucqqgyjuac66wvpux903xrw5gea4wewtvz9ufhy5s8y83qscu5wv

TODO: sample some nostr events/users randomly from the firehose and get stats on relay centralization.

More weird PoW ideas

One thing not covered in NIPs is PoW-on-connect which could help in future if there are malicious clients camping on websockets.

Another idea is building PoW into npubs, similar to vanitygen, which would put some skin-in-the-game onto users when creating keys. Some relays may choose only to service high PoW npubs that have proven their commitment to the network and protocol.

On resource rationing

Some ways to ration unexpectedly demanded goods in an emergency:

(1) market prices ("price gouging") (2) waiting in line (3) centrally planned rationing (4) don't ration: just let the resource run out

-- Nick Szabo on Twitter

Market prices are a least-worst business-as-usual option.

@ 119356ac:740a8b90

► AI Chatbots

• Note - It's never a good idea to upload personal / confidential files or info to any cloud AI, as many train on your questions and code. If you want privacy, its best to run bots yourself locally, and remember to use throwaway emails or aliasing if signing up for bots.

---

▷ Online Chatbots

• 🌐 Free LLM API Resources or Awesome Free ChatGPT - Online LLM Indexes
• ⭐ AI Studio or Gemini - Gemini-2.5-pro-preview-05-06 / Flash Preview / Subreddit / Discord
• ⭐ ChatGPT - GPT-4o / o4-mini (medium) Chatbot / /r/OpenAI / Subreddit / Discord
• ⭐ Qwen - Alibaba's Chatbots / Qwen3-235B-A22B / Qwen3-32B
• ⭐ DeepSeek - R1 + DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Unlimited / Subreddit / GitHub
• ⭐ Grok - X.com Chatbot / Grok 2 (30 Hourly) / Grok 3 (12 Per Two Hours) / Subreddit / Discord
• ⭐ Microsoft Copilot - GPT-4o / OpenAI o3-Mini-High / No Sign-Up
• ⭐ Chatbot Arena - Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ Mistral - Mistral Large 2411 / Discord
• ⭐ HuggingChat - DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B / Qwen QwQ-32B / Qwen3-235B-A22B / Multiple Open-Source Chatbots / GitHub
• Claude - Claude 3.7 Sonnet / Phone # Required / Usage Tracker / Subreddit / Discord
• DuckDuckGo AI - Multiple Chatbots / o3-Mini / No Sign-Up
• ChatK or lobe.wr.do / Discord / GitHub - GPT-4o / DeepSeek-R1-32b / Multiple Chatbots
• AI Assistant - Deepseek-R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up
• AI SDK - Multiple Chatbots / GitHub
• GizAI - Multiple Chatbots
• FreePass or OI - Multiple Chatbots
• SciSpace (No Sign-Up), Scinito or Elicit / GitHub - Research Paper Chatbots
• Learn About - Google's Educational Search AI
• HelixMind - Multiple Chatbots / Discord
• Infermatic - Multiple Chatbots / Discord
• Electron Hub - Deepseek-R1 / o3-Mini-High / Multiple Chatbots / Discord
• NexusAI - GPT-4o / Deepseek-R1 / o3-Mini-High / 300 Daily Discord
• NVIDIA NIM - Deepseek-R1 / Multiple Chatbots / No Sign-Up
• OIChat - Gemini-2.5-Pro-Exp-03-25 / DeepSeek R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Multiple Chatbots
• Kimi - Kimi 1.5 Chatbot
• Groq - Qwen QwQ-32B / Deepseek-R1-Distill / Multiple Chatbots / Discord
• SambaNova - Deepseek-R1 / Qwen QwQ-32B / DeepSeek-V3-0324 / Multiple Chatbots / Enter Fake Info
• Lambda Chat - Deepseek-R1 / Multiple Chatbots / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
• Maisa - Vinci KPU Chatbot
• Meta AI - Llama 4 Chatbot
• Baidu Chat - Baidu's Chatbot / Phone # Required
• MiniMax AI - Deepseek-R1 / MiniMax-Text-01 Chatbot w/ Large Token Context Window / GitHub
• Pi - Inflection AI's Chatbot
• Reka - Reka's Chatbot / Discord
• Poe - Multiple Chatbots / 150 Daily / Phone # Required / Discord
• PrivateGPT / Discord / GitHub, NotebookLM, Onyx / Discord / GitHub or DocsGPT / Discord / GitHub - Document Chatbots / Note-Taking

---

▷ AI Search Engines

• 🌐 Awesome AI Web Search - AI Search Engine Index
• ⭐ Scira - Claude Sonnet 3.7 / Grok 3 / Mistral Small 3.1 / Optimus Alpha / AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• ⭐ Perplexity - AI Search Engine / Enhancements / Open Source Models / Discord
• ⭐ WolframAlpha - Searchable Knowledge Base / No Sign-Up / Mobile
• ⭐ You - AI Search Engine / Sign-Up Required / Discord / GitHub
• Hyperspace - P2P AI Network / No Sign-Up / Web App, 2 / GitHub
• Phind - Llama Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Morphic - GPT-4o-mini AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Komo - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
• Jina - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
• Felo - AI Search Engine / AI Agents / No Sign-Up
• searc.ai - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
• RabbitHoles - Mind Map Style Search / Discord / GitHub
• Isou.chat - Deepseek-R1-Distill / Qwen 2.5 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• Hika - Deepseek-R1 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Khoj - Gemini-2.0-Flash AI Search Engine / AI Agents / Sign-Up Required / Discord / GitHub
• AyeSoul - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
• Venice - LLama 3 AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up
• uncovr - GPT-4o-mini / Gemini-2.0-Flash AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Exa - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Lepton Search - AI Search Engine / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• Perplexica - AI Search Engine / Self-Hosted / Discord

---

▷ Self-Hosting Tools

• ⭐ Jan - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ SillyTavern - Self-Hosted Interface / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
• ⭐ Open WebUI - Self-Hosted Interface / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ llama.cpp - Self-Hosted Transformer-Based LLMs / Guide
• ⭐ KoboldCpp - llama.cpp with API + GUI / ROCm / Colab
• ⭐ Pinokio - Single Click AI Model Installer / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ oobabooga - Self-Host Models / Colab / Subreddit / Discord
• ⭐ Aphrodite Engine - Serve LLMs at Scale with Kobold & OpenAI APIs / Colab / GitHub
• Petals - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• Leon - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• Ollama - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• tgpt - Self-Hosted
• LoLLMs Web UI - Self-Hosted / Discord
• LM Studio - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• AnythingLLM - Self-Hosted
• LibreChat - Self-Hosted / Discord / GitHub
• GPT4All - Self-Hosted / GitHub / Discord
• llamafile - Run LLM with Single Files / Discord

---

▷ Roleplaying Chatbots

• 🌐 Sukino-Findings - AI Roleplay Resources
• 🌐 BestERP - Roleplaying LLM Lists
• ⭐ PygmalionAI - Self-Hosted Roleplaying Models / Resources / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
• ⭐ Character.AI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Extract / Discord / Subreddit
• ⭐ FlowGPT - Roleplaying Chatbots / Some NSFW / Discord
• ⭐ Bot Creation Guide - Character Creation Guide
• ⭐ Chub - Character Cards / Some NSFW / Discord / Subreddit / GitHub
• Llama + SillyTavern - Llama + SillyTavern Roleplaying Setup Guide / No Sign-Up
• KoboldAI - GUI for Roleplaying Chatbots / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• 4thWall AI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Discord / Subreddit
• WyvernChat - Roleplaying Chatbots
• JanitorAI - Roleplaying Chatbots / Some NSFW
• FictionLab - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / Discord
• TavernAI - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / Colab / Discord / GitHub
• AI Dungeon - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / No Sign-Up / Subreddit / Discord
• Spellbound - Roleplaying / Story Chatbot / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Kajiwoto, Miku (No Sign-Up) / Discord or Agnai / Discord - Chatbot Builders
• Crossing the Uncanny Valley - Realistic AI Voice Chat
• HammerAI - Self-Hosted Roleplaying Chatbots

---

▷ Coding AIs

• 🌐 EvalPlus Leaderboard / GitHub, WebDev Arena, Aider LLM Leaderboards or Big Code Models Leaderboard - Coding AI Leaderboards
• 🌐 Awesome AI Agents - Coding / Programming AIs / Discord
• ⭐ Windsurf - Coding AI / Subreddit / Discord
• ⭐ Pieces - Multi-LLM Coding AI / GPT-4 / 4o for Free / No Sign-Up / Discord
• WDTCD? - Simple Code Explanations / No Sign-Up
• Sourcery - Auto-Pull Request Reviews / GitHub
• Devv - Coding Search Engine / GitHub
• Telosys - Code Generator / No Sign-Up / Source Code
• Llama Coder - Code Generator / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• imgcook - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• Supermaven - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Cody - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
• OpenHands - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
• Continue - Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
• GitHub Copilot - Coding AI
• Trae - Coding AI
• Cline - Coding AI / Discord
• Cursor - Coding AI
• GitWit - Coding AI
• Qodo - Coding AI
• Blackbox - Coding AI / No Sign-Up
• Denigma - Coding AI / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Aider - Terminal Coding AI / Discord / GitHub
• Codacy - Code Fixing AI / GitHub
• Open Interpreter - Run Code Locally / No Sign-Up / Discord
• v0 - Text to Site Code / Discord
• DeepSite - Text to Site Code
• Bolt.new - Web App Builder / Discord / GitHub
• Fragments - App Builder / Discord / GitHub
• Composio - Add Tools to Coding AI / Discord / GitHub

---

► AI Tools

• 🌐 sindresorhus's Awesome ChatGPT or Awesome ChatGPT - AI Resources
• 🌐 Every ChatGPT GUI - ChatGPT GUI Index
• ↪️ AI API Tools
• tldraw computer - Create Component Workflows to Generate or Transform Data / Discord / GitHub
• ChatGPT Box or KeepChatGPT - Extensions
• LLM - LLM CLI / Discord / GitHub
• GPT4Free - Desktop App / Telegram
• Msty - Desktop App / Discord
• LobeChat - Desktop App / Discord / GitHub
• Noi - Desktop App / Discord / GitHub
• Chatbot UI - Desktop App / GitHub
• ChatRTX - Desktop App / RTX 30+ Series GPU Only
• ChatPDF (No Sign-Up) or AskYourPDF - Turn Books / PDFs into Chatbots
• ChatGPT DeMod - Block ChatGPT Moderation Checks
• ParallelGPT - Data Processing AI / Discord
• Concierge - Connect Apps to AI
• MassiveMark - Convert LLM Chats to DOCX / Discord
• ChatGPT Widescreen - ChatGPT Widescreen / Fullscreen / GitHub
• Voice Control - ChatGPT Voice Control
• screenpipe - AI Screen Recorder / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• ChatGPT Exporter - Export Chats / GitHub
• GPThemes - ChatGPT Themes
• LLM Model VRAM Calculator - LLM Requirement Calculators
• AI Piracy Resources - AI Piracy Guide / Resources

---

▷ AI Prompts

• Note - Bypassing chatbot safeguards (aka jailbreaking) is against the TOS of most AI, so use them at your own risk.

---

• 🌐 Jailbreak Listings - Prompt / Jailbreak Lists
• ⭐ BlackFriday GPTs Prompts - Prompt Directory
• ⭐ Leaked Prompts - Prompt Directory
• ⭐ Prompt Engineering Guide / Discord / GitHub, Google Whitepaper, Prompt_Engineering, LearnPrompting, OpenAI Guide or Claude Guide - Prompting Guides
• /r/ChatGPTJailbreak - AI Jailbreak Community
• ChatGPT System Prompt - Prompt Directory
• The Big Prompt Library - Prompt Directory
• ChatGPT & Bing AI Prompts - Prompt Directory
• L1B3RT4S - Jailbreak Prompts / Discord / X
• promptfoo - Prompt Playgrounds / Discord / GitHub
• Tensor Trust / GitHub or Gandalf / GitHub - Prompting Skill Games
• RedTeam Arena - AI Jailbreak Game
• Gobble Bot - Generate Text Files for Chatbots

---

---

► AI Indexes

• 🌐 LifeArchitect - LLM Index
• 🌐 FutureTools - AI Directory / Discord
• 🌐 Google Labs or Google Labs FX - Google AI Experiments / Subreddit / Discord
• Perchance / Discord or WebSim / Subreddit / Discord - Simple AI Builders
• YP for AI - AI Directory
• LLM Resources Hub - AI Directory
• Awesome AI Tools - AI Directory
• It's Better With AI - AI Directory
• GPT Demo - AI Directory
• ArtificialStudio - Multi-Tool Browser AIs / Discord
• LLM Pricing - LLM Pricing Index
• Model Releases - Upcoming Model Releases

---

▷ AI Benchmarks

• ⭐ Artificial Analysis - Chatbot Benchmarks
• ⭐ Chatbot Arena - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ LiveBench - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks / GitHub
• SEAL LLM Leaderboards - Chatbot Leaderboards
• WildBench - Chatbot Benchmarks / GitHub
• Wolfram LLM Benchmarking Project - Chatbot Leaderboards / Benchmarks
• ZeroEval - Chatbot Leaderboard / GitHub
• LLM Stats - Chatbot Leaderboard
• OpenLM Arena - Chatbot Leaderboard
• The Fastest AI - Chatbot Latency Speeds / GitHub
• OpenRouter - Chatbot Popularity Rankings / Discord / GitHub
• Open VLM Leaderboard - VLM Benchmark Leaderboard Aggregator
• MathArena - AI Mathematics Competitions / Benchmarks
• AI Elo - AI Game Competitions / Benchmarks

---

---

► Text Generators

• ⭐ TextFX / GitHub or Rytr - AI Creative Writing Tools / No Sign-Up
• Scrip AI (No Sign-Up), INK, QuickPen AI - Online AI Text Tools
• NovelAI - Story Writing AI / No Sign-Up / Limit Bypass, 2 / Discord
• Dreamily - Story Writing AI
• PerchanceStory - Story Writing AI
• Quarkle - AI Writing Assistant

---

▷ Text Rephrasing

---

▷ Grammar Check

---

► Video Generation

• 🌐 VBench - Video Generation Model Leaderboard
• ⭐ PixVerse - 1 Daily / Discord
• AI Studio / Subreddit / Discord
• Synthesis Colab - Unlimited / Colab / Discord
• Stable Video
• Vidu - 6 Monthly / Discord
• Genmo - 30 Monthly / GitHub
• Stable Diffusion Videos - Unlimited / Colab
• Wan AI / 10 Daily
• Dream Machine - 5 per Account / Discord
• LensGo - 5 Daily / Discord
• Kling AI - 8 Monthly / Discord
• Pika - 5 Monthly / Discord
• Dreamina - 150 Monthly
• Qwen - 10 Daily
• Krea - 2 Daily / Discord
• Hailuo Free - Unlimited
• Hailuo AI - 3 Daily / Discord
• Fusion Brain - Unlimited
• Vivago - 1 Daily
• ChatGLM - Unlimited / Requires Sign-Up & Phone # / SMS Generators Work
• Eggnog - AI Character Video Remixer + Editor

---

► Image Generation

• ⭐ NexusAI Image / 300 Daily Per Model / Discord
• ⭐ Mage / Discord
• ⭐ ImageFX or Gemini - Imagen 3 / Unlimited / Region Based / Discord
• ⭐ ComfyUI Online / Unlimited
• ⭐ Grok / 25 Per 2 Hours / Subreddit / Discord
• FLUX.1 Dev / No Sign-Up
• Dezgo / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Fusion Brain, 2 / Unlimited / Telegram Bot
• Microsoft Designer, 2 / Unlimited
• Kling AI / 366 Monthly / Characters / Portraits / Discord
• AI Gallery / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
• Wan AI / 100 Daily / No Sign-Up
• PicLumen / 50 Daily / Discord
• Recraft / 50 Daily / Discord
• imgsys / Unlimited / Compare Generators / No Sign-Up
• NVIDIA NIM / 50 Daily / No Sign-Up
• Hotpot / 75 Daily / No Sign-Up
• Prodia / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Pollinations / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• PicSynth / Unlimited
• Leonardo / 150 Daily
• Loras / Unlimited / GitHub
• ChatGLM / Unlimited
• Meta AI / Unlimited
• Playground / 15 Per 3 Hours
• TensorArt / 40 Daily / Subreddit / Discord
• Shakker / 50 Daily / Discord / Guide
• Stable Diffusion / Unlimited / GitHub / Discord
• Unstable Diffusion / 52 Daily
• SeaArt / 40 Daily / Discord
• Art Genie / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
• Raphael / Unlimited / No Sign-Up / Uses Flux.1
• CGDream / 770 SDXL / 450 Fast FLUX / 150 FLUX Dev Monthly
• Hailuo AI - 100 Daily / Discord
• PixNova AI / Unlimited
• ChatK / Unlimited
• Reve Image / 20 Daily
• Baidu Chat / Phone # Required
• ImageLabs / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
• Qwen / Unlimited
• AIGazou / Unlimited
• Dreamina / 50 Daily
• Perchance, 2 / Unlimited / No Sign-Up
• getimg.ai / 100 Monthly / Discord
• Adobe Firefly / 25 Monthly / Discord
• Aitubo / 25 Daily / Discord
• Poe / 2-15 Daily / Phone # Required / Discord
• Maze Guru / 12 Daily / Discord
• DALL·E - 6 Daily / ChatGPTs Image Generator
• PixAI / 5 Daily / Discord
• FluxPro / 1 Daily / Discord
• Glif / 20 Daily / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Vivago / 15 Daily / No Sign-Up
• Krea / 10 Daily / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Whisk - Use Images as Prompts
• Artoons - Cartoon Style Generator / GitHub
• Genie / Discord, Shap-e, Stable Dreamfusion or threestudio / Colab / Discord - 3D Image Generators
• Interactive Scenes - Generate Interactive Scenes / Discord
• Illusion Diffusion - Illusion Artwork Generator

---

▷ Local Frontends

• ⭐ Stability Matrix / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ Invoke / GitHub / Discord
• ⭐ ComfyUI / Subreddit / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ Fooocus, 2 / Colab
• ⭐ Mochi Diffusion - Stable Diffusion for Mac / Discord
• ⭐ DiffusionBee - Stable Diffusion for Mac / GitHub / Discord
• ⭐ Automatic1111 / Fork, 2 / Colab / Photoshop / Templates / Upscaling, 2
• StableStudio
• Easy Diffusion / Discord / GitHub
• Makeayo / Discord
• biniou
• Sygil WebUI / Colab / Discord / GitHub
• Radiata / GitHub
• SD WebUI Forge
• ComfyUI-Zluda

---

▷ Guides / Tools

• 🌐 Paper2GUI, sdg-link, LocalModelsLinks, SDTools or AI Creation Tools - AI Image Resources
• 🌐 Civitai - SD Model Index / Subreddit / Discord / GitHub
• 🌐 promptoMANIA - Prompt Indexes
• ⭐ A Traveler's Guide to the Latent Space - AI Art Guide
• ⭐ CLIP Interrogator / 2 - Determine Likely Used Image Prompts / Colab, 2
• SD Dynamic Prompts - Extension for Automatic1111
• AI Horde - Distributed Network of GPUs running Stable Diffusion / Interface, 2, 3 / Discord / GitHub
• IOPaint - Image Fill / Item Removal / Colab / GitHub
• Unstable Diffusion - AI Image Community
• Generative AI for Beginners - Generative AI Guides

---

▷ Image Restoration

---

► Audio Generation

• ⭐ Riffusion / Discord
• ⭐ Suno / Guide / Discord
• MusicFX / Region Based
• WolframTones / No Sign-Up
• Stable Audio / Discord
• Udio / Discord
• audio visual generator / No Sign-Up
• Fake Music Generator / No Sign-Up
• MusicGen / No Sign-Up / Colab / GitHub
• Sonauto / Discord
• Beatoven.ai / Discord
• Waveformer / GitHub
• SOUNDRAW / No Sign-Up
• Mubert
• AIVA / Discord
• Boomy / Discord
• Melobytes
• AI Jukebox / No Sign-Up
• Eapy - MIDI Sample Generator
• Pack Generator - Sample Pack Generator
• MMAudio - Generate Audio for Silent Videos / Demo / Colab / GitHub
• Drumloop AI - Drum Loop Generator
• WOMBO - AI Powered Lip Sync

---

▷ Text to Speech

• ⭐ TTS Online / No Sign-Up
• Uberduck / Discord
• Google Illuminate - Generate AI Conversations
• ElevenLabs / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• ttsMP3 / No Sign-Up
• FakeYou / No Sign-Up / Discord
• Luvvoice / No Sign-Up
• TTSMaker / No Sign-Up
• Tortoise TTS / No Sign-Up
• Bark / No Sign-Up / Colab / GitHub / Discord
• TTSOpenAI or OpenAI.fm / No Sign-Up / OpenAI's Bot
• AI Speaker / No Sign-Up
• edge-tts / No Sign-Up / Python Module
• IndexTTS / No Sign-Up
• Voices
• TextToSpeech.io
• LazyPy / No Sign-Up / GitHub
• Kokoro TTS / No Sign-Up / Source code / Discord / GitHub
• Ondoku / No Sign-Up
• AnyVoiceLab / No Sign-Up
• VoiceCraft / Colab
• EmotiVoice
• Fish Audio / Discord / GitHub
• Audio-WebUI / No Sign-Up / Colab / Discord
• VanillaVoice / No Sign-Up
• TTSFree / No Sign-Up
• LOVO / Discord
• SoundofText / No Sign-Up
• FreeTTS
• Hume / No Sign-Up
• Voicemaker / No Sign-Up
• NaturalReaders / No Sign-Up
• TTS / Discord
• Clash
• Moe TTS / No Sign-Up / Colab

---

▷ Voice Change / Clone

• ⭐ Applio - Voice Cloning / No Sign-Up / Discord / GitHub
• ⭐ Weights / Subreddit / Discord or Voice Models / Discord - AI Voice Models and Guides
• ⭐ RVC V2 - RVC V2 Voice Cloning (Locally) / Colab / Discord
• ⭐ Voice Changer - Real-Time Voice Changer (W-Okada) / Guide / Colab
• ⭐ Ilaria RVC - RVC V2 Voice Cloning (Cloud/Colab) / No Sign-Up
• Replay - RVC Desktop App / Discord
• Bark Voice Cloning - Voice Cloning / No Sign-Up / Colab / GitHub
• RVC Inference HF - Voice Cloning / No Sign-Up
• AnyVoiceLab - Voice Cloning / No Sign-Up
• AllVoiceLab - Voice Cloning
• Zyphra - Voice Cloning / GitHub

---

▷ Voice Removal / Separation

• 🌐 MultiSong Leaderboard - Music & Voice Separation AI Leaderboards
• ⭐ UVR5 UI
• ⭐ MVSEP / Decrease Queue Time
• Splitter / Sign-Up Required
• MDX23
• Music-Source-Separation
• VocalRemover
• Ultimate Vocal Remover
• Remove Vocals / 2
• vocali
• mazmazika
• Vocal Remover
• ezstems

---

► Machine Learning

@ 119356ac:740a8b90

Adblocking

How important is using an adblocker?

Piracy sites usually contain ads, some of which can be harmful, often leading to unwanted pages or fake download buttons. Real download buttons are usually small, and match the sites design, while fake ones are often big and eye-catching. It can be hard to tell them apart, so it's important to always have an adblocker.

For browsers we recommend uBO, and you can also use a Redirect Skipper to skip annoying countdowns.

For mobile AdGuard Premium / iOS / Guide or Rethink DNS, and you can block YouTube, Reddit, and X.com ads with ReVanced Manager / Easy Setup.

⚠️ Using several ad blockers, like uBO and Adguard at the same time can mess things up. This only happens with regular ad blockers, so it's perfectly okay to use uBO alongside something like SponsorBlock.

---

Browsers

Which web browser should I use?

We recommend Firefox, but you can also try Privacy-Focused Browsers or Brave if you prefer Chromium.

For Android we recommend Firefox, Brave or Cromite.

For iOS Orion, Brave or Safari + Adguard.

⚠️ We recommend looking through our Extension / Userscript sections to find ways to enhance your browser.

---

Movies / Shows

• Streaming: movie-web / Cineby / Hexa
• Torrenting: 1337x
• Sports Streaming: Streamed / Sportsurge
• Drama Streaming: KissAsian
• Track / Discover: Trakt / Simkl / Letterboxd

---

Anime

• Streaming: AnimeKai / Miruro / HiAnime
• Downloading: Tokyo Insider / Hi10Anime
• Torrenting: Nyaa / Miru
• Track / Discover: MyAnimeList / AniList

---

Music

• Streaming: SpotX / Custom YouTube Music
• Downloading: DoubleDouble / Soulseek
• Mobile: ReVanced Manager (Android) / OuterTune (Android) / EeveeSpotify (iOS)
• Track / Discover: Last.fm / RateYourMusic

---

Gaming

• Download / Torrent: FitGirl Repacks / SteamRIP
• Emulation / ROMs: Emulation Wiki / /r/ROMs Mega / Myrient
• Download Managers: JDownloader
• Track / Discover: Backloggd / Glitchwave

---

Reading

• Downloading: Anna's Archive / Library Genesis / Z-Library / Bookracy
• Audiobooks: AudiobookBay / Mobilism Audiobooks / Tokybook
• Manga: ComicK / Weeb Central / MangaDex
• Comics: ReadComicsOnline / GetComics
• Ebook Readers: Google Play Books / Koodo / Foxit + Warning
• Android Readers: Librera / Moon+ Reader / Readera
• Track / Discover: GoodReads (books) / MAL (manga) / LeagueOfComicGeeks (comics)

---

Antivirus

How can I safely scan files, and determine if detections are false positives?

Before installing any file, it's recommended to scan the setup / install with VirusTotal. If you're having trouble determining if something is a false positive, refer to the Scan Guide, or send it to us in Discord and we'll take a look for you.

⚠️ Most antivirus programs are unnecessary and can cause slow down. If you use trusted websites, Windows Defender should be all you need to stay safe, and you can run a Malwarebytes scan from time to time for extra protection.

---

Privacy

I don't have anything to hide, why should I care about privacy?

Privacy is about controlling your personal information, not just keeping things secret. Non-sensitive data is used by companies to track your behavior, target ads, and influence your choices.

For email privacy, we recommend Proton and for search SearX. It's also good to check sites like HaveIBeenPwned to make sure your info hasn't been part of any recent data breaches.

⚠️ It's best not to use your main email or password when you sign up for piracy sites. It's good to use a different password on every site you register for, that way if a breach happens, only the password for that one site is compromised. You can also use email aliasing.

⚠️ Keep in mind that it's never a good idea to upload personal or confidential files to any file host / cloud AI, even if they claim to be encrypted.

---

Windows Piracy

How can I download / activate Windows for free?

Download an ISO from Massgrave's Genuine Installation Media page, and follow the Clean Install Windows Guide to install it. After install, activate it with Microsoft Activation Scripts.

• Software Piracy: CRACKSurl / LRepacks
• Adobe Piracy: m0nkrus / 2 / 3

⚠️ Be aware that people have been known to steal from M0nkrus and upload altered versions of their apps that contain harmful elements. Always double-check that you're on the official site before downloading anything.

---

Torrenting

Do I need a VPN to torrent?

Downloading files through torrenting can cause issues with your ISP, so using a VPN is a must in most countries. You should also bind your VPN to your torrent client to avoid leaks from accidental disconnects. You can also use Remote Torrenting Services to avoid the need for a VPN altogether.

What is Port Forwarding? Do I need it?

Port forwarding (having an open port) is an essential part of torrenting and it's recommended to set it up. While it's not strictly needed, it benefits the swarm, can sometimes boost download speeds, and improves connectability for torrents with fewer seeds.

---

Android Apps

• Mobilism - Modded APKs
• Aurora Store - Alt App Store
• APKMirror - Untouched APKs
• Droid-ify - FOSS Android Apps
• Obtainium - Get Android App Updates

---

iOS Sideloading

• Sideloading Guide - Sideloading Guide
• TrollStore - Unlimited App Sideloading [iOS 14.0-17.0]
• SideStore - Sideloading App [iOS 14.0 & Above]
• Sideloadly - Sideload Apps [iOS 7.0 & Above]
• Feather - Sideload Apps with Paid Dev Cert [iOS 15 & Above]

---

Important Links

• Piracy Glossary - Common piracy term definitions
• Unsafe Sites / Software / 2 - Things we recommend avoiding
• Base64 Decoders / Auto Decode - Tools to decode encrypted base64 links
• FMHY.net - Our website with many more sites / tools

@ 3c389c8f:7a2eff7f

Clients:

https://untype.app

https://habla.news

https://yakihonne.com

https://cypher.space

https://highlighter.com

Plug Ins:

https://github.com/jamesmagoo/nostr-writer

Content Tagging:

https://labelmachine.org

https://ontolo.social

Blog-like Display and Personal Pages:

https://orocolo.me

https://npub.pro

Personal Notes and Messaging:

https://app.flotilla.social There's an app, too!

https://nosbin.com

RSS Readers:

https://nostrapps.com/noflux

https://nostrapps.com/narr

https://nostrapps.com/feeder

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

In case you haven’t noticed, I’ve spent a lot of time reading Revelation lately. Last night, I was reading the letters to the seven churches in Revelation. It got me thinking about the church or churches today.

“To the angel of the church in Laodicea write:

The Amen, the faithful and true Witness, the Beginning of the creation of God, says this:

‘I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot. So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit you out of My mouth. Because you say, “I am rich, and have become wealthy, and have need of nothing,” and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and poor and blind and naked, I advise you to buy from Me gold refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so that you may clothe yourself, and that the shame of your nakedness will not be revealed; and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see. Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline; therefore be zealous and repent. Behold, I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears My voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and will dine with him, and he with Me. He who overcomes, I will grant to him to sit down with Me on My throne, as I also overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’ ” (Revelation 3:14-22)

Sadly the church in Revelation, that the majority of American churches most closely resembles, is the church in Laodicea. (FYI, like most large generalizations, there are exceptions, of course)

Last I heard, America still had the most churches, Christian book stores, Christian radio stations, etc., but is America still the most Christian? I strongly have my doubts. Most modern, American churches seem to be more about socialization, entertainment, and making people feel good about themselves, even if what they really need is repentance. I even have doubts that many institutions that call themselves churches are churches (as defined by God) or have any true believers as members.

‘I know your tribulation and your poverty (but you are rich), and the blasphemy by those who say they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan. (Revelation 2:9)

Although this verse is referring to those who call themselves Jews and are not, I think we are seeing those who say they are Christians and are not, but are a church of Satan. Of course this is definitely not true of all churches.

The most common thing I see, though, is the lukewarm churches, where members show up on Sunday, check that off their list, and then go on living life like everyone else around them. Surveys show that rates of divorce, abortion, and other anti-biblical choices are as common among self-proclaimed Christians as among those who claim no faith.

These churches hear the Bible, but don’t hunger for the Word of God. They listen to God’s commands, but don’t live them out in their daily lives. Just like the Pharisees, they have the trappings of religion, but not the spirit of God. Worship is singing along with a rock band rather than falling on their face in awe of their Creator.

Just like what was predicted:

For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but wanting to have their ears tickled, they will accumulate for themselves teachers in accordance to their own desires, and will turn away their ears from the truth and will turn aside to myths. (2 Timothy 4:3-4) {emphasis mine}

Church services become self-help services. The word of God gets subverted by culture and “science.” Some church leaders intentionally ignore certain passages and take others out of context, so they will be popular and have growth. Sadly a growth in “butts in seats” is not what matters, if it isn’t accompanied by a growth in trust in Jesus and a growth in discipleship. These churches give a lot of people the false hope that they will be going to Heaven when they die. They will be shocked to hear “I never knew you.”

“Not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father who is in heaven will enter. Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name cast out demons, and in Your name perform many miracles?’ And then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you who practice lawlessness.’ (Matthew 7:21-23) {emphasis mine}

Like the church in Laodicea, the church in America is rich in material wealth compared to others. Like the church in Laodicea, the American church relies too much on their wealth and freedom instead of putting their faith in God through good times and bad. Like the church in Laodicea, the American church has the trappings of faith without the reality of faith as shown by works (lifestyle). Most unfortunately, like the church in Laodicea, the American church is full of people who will almost certainly hear “I never knew you.”

What does Jesus say the solution is? “Be zealous and repent.”

Nothing in life should be more important to us than our relationship with our Creator and Savior. If we’ve relegated Him to the margins, we need to repent. We need to turn back to God and seek Him first.

Do not worry then, saying, ‘What will we eat?’ or ‘What will we drink?’ or ‘What will we wear for clothing?’ For the Gentiles eagerly seek all these things; for your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things. But seek first His kingdom and His righteousness, and all these things will be added to you. (Matthew 6:31-33) {emphasis mine}

Even if we aren’t actively doing evil, it is so easy to get distracted by life and not include God in our lives. Instead of God being just someone who we worship for and hour or two on Sunday morning and pray to at meals, He should be our guiding force for all things in our lives. He should be our focus and guiding light. We should long for His word and study the Bible daily. We should seek His guidance in decisions big and small. We should interact with others with the same goals and love as Jesus did when He was living a mortal life on earth. Our lives should look different.

I love what was said about Jesus’s disciples:

Now as they observed the confidence of Peter and John and understood that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were amazed, and began to recognize them as having been with Jesus. (Acts 4:13) {emphasis mine}

I want everyone who meets me to see Jesus in me and recognize that I have been with Jesus. Do you? Or do you want to blend in and look like those around you because that is easier and more comfortable?

Now for this very reason also, applying all diligence, in your faith supply moral excellence, and in your moral excellence, knowledge, and in your knowledge, self-control, and in your self-control, perseverance, and in your perseverance, godliness, and in your godliness, brotherly kindness, and in your brotherly kindness, love. For if these qualities are yours and are increasing, they render you neither useless nor unfruitful in the true knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. For he who lacks these qualities is blind or short-sighted, having forgotten his purification from his former sins. Therefore, brethren, be all the more diligent to make certain about His calling and choosing you; for as long as you practice these things, you will never stumble; for in this way the entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ will be abundantly supplied to you. (2 Peter 1:5-11) {emphasis mine}

Peter gives some good advice on becoming more Christ-like and fruitful. He tells us to apply all diligence in:

• faith

• moral excellence

• perseverance

• godliness

• brotherly kindness

• love

He tells us that lacking these traits is “blind or short-sighted” and leads to us being unfruitful and useless. I don’t know about you, but I do NOT want Jesus to think of me as useless.

May the God of heaven increase your faith, grow your desire to know God through prayer and study of His Word, and help you to live the life you were designed to live. May he help you to avoid worldly distractions and to have the strength to stand firm on the foundation of Jesus especially when this means you have to stand up against the crowd. May you be fruitful and useful all of the days of your life.

Trust Jesus.

@ 472f440f:5669301e

Marty's Bent

via me

It seems like every other day there's another company announced that is going public with the intent of competing with Strategy by leveraging capital markets to create financial instruments to acquire Bitcoin in a way that is accretive for shareholders. This is certainly a very interesting trend, very bullish for bitcoin in the short-term, and undoubtedly making it so bitcoin is top of mind in the mainstream. I won't pretend to know whether or not these strategies will ultimately be successful or fail in the short, medium or long term. However, one thing I do know is that the themes that interest me, both here at TFTC and in my role as Managing Partner at Ten31, are companies that are building good businesses that are efficient, have product-market-fit, generate revenues and profits and roll those profits into bitcoin.

While it seems pretty clear that Strategy has tapped into an arbitrage that exists in capital markets, it's not really that exciting. From a business perspective, it's actually pretty straightforward and simple; find where potential arbitrage opportunities exists between pools of capital looking for exposure to spot bitcoin or bitcoin's volatility but can't buy the actual asset, and provide them with products that give them access to exposure while simultaneously creating a cult-like retail following. Rinse and repeat. To the extent that this strategy is repeatable is yet to be seen. I imagine it can expand pretty rapidly. Particularly if we have a speculative fervor around companies that do this. But in the long run, I think the signal is falling back to first principles, looking for businesses that are actually providing goods and services to the broader economy - not focused on the hyper-financialized part of the economy - to provide value and create efficiencies that enable higher margins and profitability.

With this in mind, I think it's important to highlight the combined leverage that entrepreneurs have by utilizing bitcoin treasuries and AI tools that are emerging and becoming more advanced by the week. As I said in the tweet above, there's never been a better time to start a business that finds product-market fit and cash flows quickly with a team of two to three people. If you've been reading this rag over the last few weeks, you know that I've been experimenting with these AI tools and using them to make our business processes more efficient here at TFTC. I've also been using them at Ten31 to do deep research and analysis.

It has become abundantly clear to me that any founder or entrepreneur that is not utilizing the AI tools that are emerging is going to get left behind. As it stands today, all anyone has to do to get an idea from a thought in your head to the prototype stage to a minimum viable product is to hop into something like Claude or ChatGPT, have a brief conversation with an AI model that can do deep research about a particular niche that you want to provide a good service to and begin building.

Later this week, I will launch an app called Opportunity Cost in the Chrome and Firefox stores. It took me a few hours of work over the span of a week to ideate and iterate on the concept to the point where I had a working prototype that I handed off to a developer who is solving the last mile problem I have as an "idea guy" of getting the product to market. Only six months ago, accomplishing something like this would have been impossible for me. I've never written a line of code that's actually worked outside of the modded MySpace page I made back in middle school. I've always had a lot of ideas but have never been able to effectively communicate them to developers who can actually build them. With a combination of ChatGPT-03 and Replit, I was able to build an actual product that works. I'm using it in my browser today. It's pretty insane.

There are thousands of people coming to the same realization at the same time right now and going out there and building niche products very cheaply, with small teams, they are getting to market very quickly, and are amassing five figures, six figures, sometimes seven figures of MRR with extremely high profit margins. What most of these entrepreneurs have not really caught on to yet is that they should be cycling a portion - in my opinion, a large portion - of those profits into bitcoin. The combination of building a company utilizing these AI tools, getting it to market, getting revenue and profits, and turning those profits into bitcoin cannot be understated. You're going to begin seeing teams of one to ten people building businesses worth billions of dollars and they're going to need to store the value they create, any money that cannot be debased.

nostr:nprofile1qyx8wumn8ghj7cnjvghxjmcpz4mhxue69uhk2er9dchxummnw3ezumrpdejqqgy8fkmd9kmm8yp4lea2cx0g8fyz27g4ud7572j4edx2v6lz6aa23qmp5dth , one of the co-founders of Ten31, wrote about this in early 2024, bitcoin being the fourth lever of equity value growth for companies.

Bitcoin Treasury - The Fourth Lever to Equity Value Growth

We already see this theme playing out at Ten31 with some of our portfolio companies, most notably nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7etyv4hzumn0wd68ytnvv9hxgqgdwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkcqpqex7mdykw786qxvmtuls208uyxmn0hse95rfwsarvfde5yg6wy7jqjrm2qp , which recently released some of their financials, highlighting the fact that they're extremely profitable with high margins and a relatively small team (\~75). This is extremely impressive, especially when you consider the fact that they're a global company competing with the likes of Coinbase and Block, which have each thousands of employees.

Even those who are paying attention to the developments in the AI space and how the tools can enable entrepreneurs to build faster aren't really grasping the gravity of what's at play here. Many are simply thinking of consumer apps that can be built and distributed quickly to market, but the ways in which AI can be implemented extend far beyond the digital world. Here's a great example of a company a fellow freak is building with the mindset of keeping the team small, utilizing AI tools to automate processes and quickly push profits into bitcoin.

via Cormac

Again, this is where the exciting things are happening in my mind. People leveraging new tools to solve real problems to drive real value that ultimately produce profits for entrepreneurs. The entrepreneurs who decide to save those profits in bitcoin will find that the equity value growth of their companies accelerates exponentially as they provide more value, gain more traction, and increase their profits while also riding the bitcoin as it continues on its monetization phase. The compounded leverage of building a company that leverages AI tools and sweeps profits into bitcoin is going to be one of the biggest asymmetric plays of the next decade. Personally, I also see it as something that's much more fulfilling than the pure play bitcoin treasury companies that are coming to market because consumers and entrepreneurs are able to recive and provide a ton of value in the real economy.

If you're looking to stay on top of the developments in the AI space and how you can apply the tools to help build your business or create a new business, I highly recommend you follow somebody like Greg Isenberg, whose Startup Ideas Podcast has been incredibly valuable for me as I attempt to get a lay of the land of how to implement AI into my businesses.

America's Two Economies

In my recent podcast with Lyn Alden, she outlined how our trade deficits create a cycle that's reshaping America's economic geography. As Alden explained, US trade deficits pump dollars into international markets, but these dollars don't disappear - they return as investments in US financial assets. This cycle gradually depletes industrial heartlands while enriching financial centers on the coasts, creating what amounts to two separate American economies.

"We're basically constantly taking economic vibrancy out of Michigan and Ohio and rural Pennsylvania where the steel mills were... and stuffing it back into financial assets in New York and Silicon Valley." - nostr:nprofile1qy2hwumn8ghj7mn0wd68ytndv9kxjm3wdahxcqg5waehxw309ahx7um5wfekzarkvyhxuet5qqsw4v882mfjhq9u63j08kzyhqzqxqc8tgf740p4nxnk9jdv02u37ncdhu7e3

This pattern has persisted for over four decades, accelerating significantly since the early 1980s. Alden emphasized that while economists may argue there's still room before reaching a crisis point, the political consequences are already here. The growing divide between these two Americas has fueled populist sentiment as voters who feel left behind seek economic rebalancing, even if they can't articulate the exact mechanisms causing their hardship.

Check out the full podcast here for more on China's manufacturing dominance, Trump's tariff strategy, and the future of Bitcoin as a global reserve asset. All discussed in under 60 minutes.

Headlines of the Day

Trump's Saudi Summit: Peace and Economic Ties - via X

MSTR Edges Closer To S\&P 500 With Just 89 Trading Days Left - via X

Get our new STACK SATS hat - via tftcmerch.io

Individuals Shed 247K Bitcoin As Businesses Gain 157K - via X

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Final thought...

My boys have started a game in the car where we count how many Waymos we see on the road while driving around town. Pretty crazy how innately stoked they are about that particular car.

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Europäischer Tunnelblick

In unseren Breiten sprach man schon seit jeher gerne davon, dass »Amerika den Europäern immer voraus« ist. Dass »der alte Kontinent« stets zehn Jahre im Hintertreffen ist. In der Finanzbranche attestierte man auch gerne mal einen Rückstand von »20 Jahren«. Bemängelt wurde im Rahmen solcher Analysen zumeist die mangelnde Innovationskraft europäischer Unternehmen, die gemäß einschlägiger Experten vor allem auf die Regulierungswut der hiesigen Bürokratie zurückzuführen ist. Langwierige Genehmigungsprozesse, kompliziertes Steuerrecht, zu kleine Kapitalmärkte und komplexe Datenschutzanforderungen schrecken Gründer und Investoren ab. »Bürokraten regulieren Europa zu Tode«, bringt es der Ökonom und Unternehmer Dirk Specht am 29. November 2024 auf den Punkt. Aus Sicht des Entrepreneurs eine durchaus nachvollziehbare Einordnung.

Denn selbst wenn die Hürden der Unternehmensgründung einmal überwunden sind, machen Bürokratiekosten selbst in kleinen Firmen knapp drei Prozent vom Umsatz aus. Im industriellen Mittelstand übersteigen sie nicht selten die jährliche Bruttoumsatzrendite von durchschnittlich fünfeinhalb Prozent. Von den arbeitsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen – siehe Kündigungsschutz, Urlaubsanspruch und Lohnfortzahlung im Krankheitsfall – gar nicht erst anzufangen. In puncto Flexibilität ist Europa für Unternehmer also tatsächlich nur bedingt attraktiv.

Ganz anders die USA. Deregulierung, Seed-Capital en Masse und ein Arbeitsrecht, das den Slogan »Hire and fire« weltberühmt machte – gemäß Tagesschau vom 11. Februar 2025 übrigens ein Modell, das dank Microsoft, Meta und SAP langsam auch in Deutschland Einzug hält. Diese unternehmerische Freiheit – oder Zügellosigkeit – machte Amerika zum Start-up-Inkubator. Zum Gründerparadies. Wall Street, Motorcity, Silicon Valley, Hollywood, et cetera. Ein Mekka für Investoren. Und ein Alptraum für Arbeitnehmer.

Alles richtig. Oberflächlich betrachtet. Dass bei dieser sehr kurzsichtigen Analyse stets außer Acht gelassen wird, welchen Anteil die beiden Weltkriege, angloamerikanische Finanzdynastien, halbseidene NGO-Netzwerke und vor allem über ein Dutzend Geheimdienste an Amerikas Wirtschaftswachstum der vergangenen 100 Jahre haben, trübt den Blick der europäischen Unternehmergarde allerdings nachhaltig. Denn er negiert den historischen Kontext. Vermutlich läuft Roger Köppels Editorial für DIE WELTWOCHE vom 01. Mai 2025 deshalb immer noch ungeniert unter dem Titel »Hoffnungsträger Trump«.

Ich habe täglich Kontakt mit Geschäftspartnern in den USA – und bei denen ist von Hoffnung nicht (mehr) viel zu spüren. Begriffe wie Planungsprobleme, Stornierung, Unsicherheit oder Lieferengpass fallen dagegen immer häufiger. Investor’s Business Daily nannte den Zustand vor wenigen Stunden »ein Erdbeben«, weil Trumps »Handelskrieg-Tsunami« nun auch die Häfen der Vereinigten Staaten erreicht hat. Die laufen langsam leer. Frachter und Tanker mit Importwaren löschen ihre Ladung nicht. Oder kommen gar nicht mehr an. Die auf Basis von Strafzöllen zu erwartenden Lieferengpässe »könnten die Folgen der Covid-Krise übertreffen«, konstatiert das Investment-Magazin.

Was also passiert gerade in den Vereinigten Staaten? Sollte Europa tatsächlich neidisch auf die vermeintlichen Wettbewerbsvorteile Amerikas sein – oder gar auf die aktuellen politischen Entwicklungen? Auf Effizienzsteigerung der Marke DOGE? Nein, keinesfalls. Denn zum einen sorgen die turbokapitalistischen Exzesse im »Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten« dafür, dass Arbeitnehmer endgültig zu Lohnsklaven degradiert werden, die den Launen von Märkten und Unternehmen relativ schutzlos ausgeliefert sind. Zum anderen beruht der Erfolg amerikanischer Konzerne keineswegs auf deren Innovationskraft, einem laxen Arbeitsrecht oder genialem Unternehmertum, sondern primär auf tiefenstaatlichem Interventionismus. Das gilt seit dem Jahrtausendwechsel vor allem für die Tech-Branche. Denn die USA sind nicht einfach eine Wirtschaftsmacht, sondern der militärische Arm des angloamerikanischen Empire.

Das zeigen die »Glorreichen Sieben« – Google, Microsoft, Apple, Amazon, Alphabet, Meta, Tesla und Nvidia – die allesamt erst durch Startfinanzierung seitens Militär und Geheimdiensten wurden, was sie heute sind: Die Speerspitze des technokratischen Totalitarismus. Nachdem selbst The Economist am 10. Dezember 2024 feststellte, dass mit der Wiederwahl von Donald Trump nun »die PayPal-Mafia die US-Regierung übernimmt«, sollte man in unseren Bereiten also eventuell etwas kritischer begutachten, was die entsprechenden Konzerne dort treiben. Denn es ist angesichts von Agenda 2030, aktuellen EU-Programmen, EZB-Planungen und einer Kriegswirtschaft kolportierenden Bundesregierung unter BlackRock-Merz nicht davon auszugehen, dass es dieses Mal zehn oder zwanzig Jahre dauert, bis diese Entwicklungen auch bei uns ankommen.

Palantir & DOGE

Das bezieht sich insbesondere auf Elon Musks DOGE – das »Department of Government Efficiency« – eine neu geschaffene Behörde, die sich auf Effizienzsteigerung in Sachen Regierungsgeschäfte konzentrieren soll. Dies selbstredend unter flächendeckender Zuhilfenahme von KI (Künstlicher Intelligenz), die wiederum auf entsprechende Datenpools angewiesen ist. Um solche kurzfristig zur Verfügung zu stellen, durchforstet, hackt und kapert Musks DOGE-Team die IT-Abteilungen, Server und Netzwerke von Ministerien und Bundesbehörden. Vor allem auf Finanzdaten hat man es abgesehen. An geltendes Recht hält sich DOGE dabei nicht. Datenschützer sind alarmiert. Und Whistleblower werden von Musks Team bedroht. All das passiert in enger Zusammenarbeit mit Oracle, einem weiteren von der CIA startfinanzierten IT-Riesen – und natürlich Palantir, dem von Peter Thiel gegründeten Spionage- und Killerkonzern.

So berichtete Reuters am 6. Mai 2025 beispielsweise über ein neues Gemeinschaftsprojekt von Elon Musks xAI und Palantir, das die Nutzung der jeweiligen KI-Lösungen im Finanzsektor vorantreiben will – dies, nachdem xAI, BlackRock und Microsoft bereits im März ein neues Konsortium zur Erweiterung von KI-Infrastruktur ins Leben riefen. Im Department of Homeland Security (DHS) ist DOGE aktuell damit beschäftigt, das IDENT-System des »Office of Biometric Identity Management« (OBIM) zu übernehmen – die weltweit größte Datenbank für biometrische Informationen, die von praktisch allen US-Behörden aber auch internationalen Partnern genutzt wird. Zusammengeführt werden sollen die von DOGE gekaperten Daten in HART (Homeland Advanced Recognition Technology System), einem neuen, mit über sechs Milliarden US-Dollar budgetierten Überwachungssystem des DHS, das in Kollaboration mit Palantir-Programmen die flächendeckende Überwachung der Bevölkerung analog zu China ermöglichen wird.

Palantir wurde 2003 gegründet und arbeitet seither, das belegt eine 2013 geleakte Kundenliste, für mindestens 12 US-Regierungseinrichtungen: CIA, DHS, NSA, FBI, CDC, Special Operations Command, et cetera. Schon vor knapp zehn Jahren häuften sich Berichte – wie zum Beispiel von WIRED am 9. August 2017 – die belegten, dass Palantir die vermeintlich vertraulichen Daten, die zum Beispiel Polizisten in Los Angeles seit 2009 in Datenbanken des Konzerns erfassen, kopiert, verkauft und zweckentfremdet. Dass Palantir das rechtsextreme, zionistische Regime von Benjamin Netanjahu bei seinem Genozid in Gaza unterstützt, ist ebenfalls kein Geheimnis mehr. Die strategische Partnerschaft zwischen Thiels Tötungsmaschine und den IDF wurde nach Berichten von Bloomberg vom 12. Januar 2024 gar ausgeweitet. Gideon Levy bescheinigt seinem Land in einem Beitrag der Haaretz vom 19. Januar 2025, in Gaza den »ersten faschistischen Krieg« seiner Geschichte zu führen. Womit wir wieder bei Palantir und den Vereinigten Staaten wären.

Denn wie ich bereits in meinem Artikel über Thiel vom 22. September 2024 in Aussicht gestellt hatte, kommt dem gebürtigen Frankfurter eine ganz besondere Rolle in Trumps neuer Regierung zu. Vom »Paten« der PayPal-Mafia und Geheimdienst-Frontmann zum Palantir-Boss und Bilderberg-Leitungsmitglied – und nun einflussreichsten Mann hinter der US-Regierung. Ohne Peter Thiels finanzielle Unterstützung wäre JD Vance weder Geschäftsmann noch Senator in Ohio oder US-Vizepräsident geworden. So verwundert es kaum, dass Palantir bereits 100 Tage nach Donald Trumps Amtsantritt Zugriff auf sämtliche Steuer-, Gesundheits- und Bewegungsdaten der US-Bevölkerung hat und diese in einer Datenbank zusammenführt, um seine KI darauf anzusetzen. Selbst die Speicher von Smartwatches und Fitness-Armbändern werden angezapft. Kein Datensatz ist mehr tabu.

Wie diese Daten künftig verwendet werden – und zwar gegen alles und jeden – zeigt eine von Palantir entwickelte Software namens »ImmigrationOS«. Ein System, das der US-Regierung hilft, das Leben von Migranten zu durchleuchten und permanent zu überwachen. Inklusive biografischer, biometrischer und Geolokationsdaten. Die auf Basis dieser Daten entwickelten Empfehlungen nutzt das ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement), um Menschen in die an Massentierhaltung erinnernden Supermax-Gefängnisse von El Salvador abzuschieben. Für Deportationen ohne Beweise, Anhörung, Gerichtsverhandlung und Rechtsgrundlage. Eine in dieser Form fraglos verfassungsfeindliche Ausweitung des »Catch and Revoke« Programms, dem anstelle illegaler Einwanderer nun auch Doktoranden, Studenten oder unbescholtene Arbeitnehmer zum Opfer fallen – siehe der Fall Kilmar Abrego Garcia – vor allem solche, die den Völkermord in Gaza kritisieren.

Es dürfte derweil nur eine Frage der Zeit sein, bis das zugrundliegende, am 30. April 2025 verabschiedete »Antisemitismus-Gesetz« auf weitere unliebsame Personenkreise angewendet wird. Der Bundesstaat Alabama lässt sich bereits von der fragwürdigen Deportationspraxis Washingtons inspirieren und kündigte in Person des Republikaners Chris Sells am 1. Mai 2025 an, selbst ein Gesetz erlassen zu wollen, das die Abschiebung verurteilter Personen ins Ausland ermöglicht. Gemäß Sells wolle man mit dem Gesetzesvorschlag nur ein Zeichen setzen. Mit einer Verabschiedung rechne man nicht. Trump verkündete unterdes, neben Migranten künftig auch US-Bürger und Ureinwohner nach El Salvador verfrachten zu wollen. Verfassungsrechtlich ein absolutes Tabu. Bisher.

The Atlantic nennt diese Entwicklungen am 27. April 2025 ein »amerikanisches Panoptikum«. Zu Recht. Denn Palantirs zentralisierter Datenpool wird sich zum mächtigsten Unterdrückungsinstrument der Zivilisationsgeschichte auswachsen – und in nicht allzu ferner Zukunft auch gegen jene MAGA-Anhänger eingesetzt werden, die solch faschistoide Vorgänge derzeit noch bejubeln. Gegen das, was da auf uns zukommt, waren Corona-Tracking und 2G-Segregation geradezu harmlos.

Entsprechend hellhörig sollte es machen, dass die NATO Palantirs KI-Lösungen – genauer: die »Maven AI« – künftig für militärische Planungszwecke einsetzt, wie eine Presseerklärung des »Verteidigungsbündnisses« vom 14. April 2025 ausführt. Denn »Project Maven« ist auf ein Memorandum des US-Verteidigungsministeriums vom 26. April 2017 zurückzuführen und hatte zum Ziel, ein »funktionsübergreifendes Team für algorithmische Kriegsführung« zu schaffen. Unterstützt wurde das US-Militär dabei zunächst von Google. Also dem Unternehmen, das einst unter dem Motto »Don’t be evil« – Sei nicht böse! – angetreten war. Begleitet wurde Googles Engagement für Project Maven von einem massiven Aufruhr in der Belegschaft und Artikelüberschriften wie »Hey Google, wen soll die US-Regierung heute töten?«. Offene Briefe an Google-Chef Sundar Pichai forderten 2018, der IT-Konzern solle die Partnerschaft mit dem Pentagon unverzüglich beenden. Und das tat Google auch.

Project Maven lief natürlich trotzdem weiter. Wie Breaking Defense am 27. April 2022 ausführte, wurde das Vorhaben nach Googles Rückzug der NGA (National Geospatial Intelligence Agency) unterstellt und gemäß Informationen des Forbes Magazine fortan von Eric Schmidt (Google, Bilderberg), Peter Thiel und James Murdoch, dem jüngeren Sohn von Rupert Murdoch finanziert. Maven AI ist das KI-Flaggschiff des US-Militärs – und wird jetzt als Palantir-Produkt weltweit ausgerollt. Vorboten sind in Hessen, Bayern und Nordrhein-Westfalen bereits im Einsatz und dürften angesichts der Iden des Merz wohl bald bundesweit Verwendung finden. Es ist also keineswegs übertrieben, wenn der US-Journalist Derrick Broze am 24. April 2025 von der »Palantir World Order« spricht – einem überstaatlichen Herrschaftssystem, das zuvorderst aufgrund seiner auf zwielichtigen bis illegalen Akkumulationsprozessen basierenden Deutungs- und Interventionshoheit in puncto Big Data fußt. Getreu dem Palantir-Slogan: »Die Software ist das Waffensystem«. Selbst eine in der ARD-Mediathek abrufbare Doku des NDR über Palantir von 10. Juni 2024 läuft unter dem eindeutigen Titel »Eine Software, die töten kann«.

Ja, das Geschäft mit dem industriell-digitalisierten Auftragsmord boomt. Denn internationale Konflikte nehmen zu und die Observationsökonomie erlebt einen Quantensprung. Entsprechend profitabel fiel das erste Quartal 2025 für Thiels Unternehmen aus. Stolze 884 Millionen US-Dollar stellte man Kunden in Rechnung. Ein Wachstum von 39 Prozent gegenüber dem Vorjahr und 21,7 Millionen mehr als prognostiziert. Am 5. Mai 2025 gab die Palantir Aktie zwar um 15 Prozent nach – laut Analysten könnte die Aktie aber auch um 70 Prozent fallen und wäre immer noch die teuerste Marke unter Softwareanbietern in diesem Segment.

Das sollte zu denken geben. Denn die USA durchlaufen eine Metamorphose – weg von demokratischen Strukturen und hin zur »Algokratie«. Die PayPal-Mafia hat das Weiße Haus gekapert und demonstriert dem Wertewesten, was er im Zuge der vierten industriellen Revolution zu erwarten hat: Tech-Feudalismus, dessen Oligarchen sich aufgrund vermeintlicher Sachzwänge schamlos über Recht und Gesetz hinwegsetzen. Nicht von ungefähr hat Donald Trump in seinen ersten 100 Amtstagen bereits 141 »Exekutive Orders« unterzeichnet. Ohne dabei auch nur einmal das Repräsentantenhaus einzubeziehen oder demokratische Prozesse zu respektieren. In diesem Lichte betrachtet erscheint das Cover des TIME Magazine vom Juni 2018, auf dem »The Donald« als König abgebildet war – Titel: »King me« – heute zeitgemäßer denn je.

Dunkle Aufklärung

Und das ist kein Zufall. Wirft man nämlich einen Blick auf die philosophischen Konzepte, die Menschen wie Peter Thiel, JD Vance oder Elon Musk inspirieren, zeigt sich, dass die entsprechenden Pamphlete genau das fordern: Eine postmoderne Version von Monarchie. Einen CEO, der das Land führt wie einen Großkonzern. Mittels KI – und auf Basis des amerikanischen Arbeitsrechts natürlich. Vielsagend, dass Donald Trump am 19. April 2025 auf Twitter ankündigte, exakt das tun zu wollen:

»Das ist gesunder Menschenverstand und wird ermöglichen, dass die Bundesregierung endlich „wie ein Unternehmen geführt wird“.«

Dass Trump den letzten Teil des Satzes in Anführungszeichen setzt, impliziert, dass er jemanden zitiert. Von wem die Phrase stammt, lässt er allerdings offen. Der US-Präsident scheint jedenfalls den Ratschlägen seines Vize JD Vance zu folgen, der bereits am 17. September 2021 in einem Interview mit dem Jack Murphy Podcast sagte:

»Was Trump tun sollte, wenn ich ihm einen Ratschlag geben dürfte: Feuere jeden einzelnen Bürokraten der mittleren Leitungsebene, jeden Beamten in der Verwaltung, und ersetze ihn mit unseren Leuten. Und wenn man dich dafür verklagt, wenn dich die Gerichte aufhalten wollen – denn man wird dich dafür verklagen – stell dich vor das Land, so wie Andrew Jackson, und sag den Menschen, dass der oberste Entscheidungsträger sein Urteil bereits gefällt hat. Jetzt lasst es ihn auch umsetzen.«

Und so geschah es. Denn als der Oberste Gerichtshof der Vereinigten Staaten am 19. April 2025 entschied, dass die juristisch fragwürdigen Deportationen zu stoppen sind, schrieb Donald Trump auf Twitter:

»Ich wurde unter anderem gewählt, um schlechte Menschen aus den Vereinigten Staaten zu entfernen. Ich muss meine Arbeit tun dürfen.«

Damit stellt sich Trump offen gegen die höchste juristische Instanz des Landes und fordert, trotz eines geltenden Urteils weitermachen zu können. Für dieses Vorgehen sucht er Rückhalt in der Bevölkerung. Er will die Gerichte unter Druck zu setzen, um regieren zu können wie ein Monarch. So, wie es die Vordenker der »Neoreaktionären Bewegung« (NRx) – zumeist »Dunkle Aufklärung« genannt – vorschlagen. Bei dieser politischen Philosophie handelt es sich selbst laut Wikipedia um ein »antidemokratisches, antiegalitäres, reaktionäres und neofeudales Konzept«. Geprägt wurde es von einem etwas kauzig anmutenden Blogger namens Curtis Yarvin, der auf seiner Webseite »Unqualified Reservations« ab 2007 und unter dem Pseudonym Mencius Moldbug Texte über das Versagen der Demokratie und Theorien zu alternativen Herrschaftsformen publizierte.

Weiterentwickelt wurden diese Konzepte unter anderem von Nick Land, einem britischen Schriftsteller, der als Vater des »Akzelerationismus« gilt und mit einem Blog-Beitrag aus dem Jahr 2013 auch den Begriff »Dunkle Aufklärung« für Yarvins Theorien aufbrachte. In seinen späteren Texten redete der Brite einem »wissenschaftlichen Rassismus«, der Eugenik und dem von ihm geprägten Begriff »Hyperrassismus« das Wort. Bei der rechtsnationalistischen bis rechtsextremen Alt-Right-Bewegung stieß er damit auf offene Ohren. Die deutsche Publikation »nd – Journalismus von Links« findet diesen »Philosophen der digitalen Entgrenzung« in einem Beitrag vom 21. Mai 2023 aber trotzdem »interessant«. Dass Nick Land gerne Amphetamin konsumiert und eine Weile im Haus des 1947 verstorbenen Satanisten Aleister Crowley lebte, scheint nd-Autor Konstantin Jahn eher Bewunderung abzuringen. Seinem ehemaligen Arbeitgeber, The New Center for Research & Practice, allerdings nicht – der setzte Land am 29. März 2017 wegen rassistischer Umtriebe vor die Tür.

Von Curtis Yarvin war nach der Einstellung seines Blogs im Jahr 2016 unterdes nicht mehr viel zu hören. Bis jetzt. Denn anno 2025 schreibt plötzlich die Financial Times über »die Philosophie hinter Trumps Dunkler Aufklärung«. Ebenso die New York Times, die Yarvin im Januar 2025 zum großen Interview für eine Titelstory bat. Selbst der Bayrische Rundfunk schrieb am 23. März 2025 über den einst nur Insidern bekannten Blogger. Und natürlich Politico, wo am 30. Januar 2025 ein Artikel über Yarvin erschien. Aufmacher: »Curtis Yarvins Ideen waren Randerscheinungen. Jetzt verbreiten sie sich in Trumps Washington«. Im Zuge seines Textes beschreibt Autor Ian Ward, wie Yarvin nach Washington reiste, um auf Einladung des Trump-Teams an der pompösen Inaugurationsfeier teilzunehmen, wo er unter anderem mit dem ehemaligen Thiel-Angestellten JD Vance sprach, der die politischen Theorien von Yarvin mehrfach bei öffentlichen Auftritten lobte, zitierte und als wichtigen Einfluss auf sein Denken nannte. Im Gespräch mit Ward führte Yarvin aus, dass er Trump gegenüber zunächst skeptisch gewesen sei, weil er sich nicht sicher war, ob Trump den von ihm empfohlenen Regimewechsel überhaupt durchziehen könne.

Zwischenzeitlich habe sich jedoch Optimismus eingestellt, so Yarvin, denn man könne in Trumps Kabinett eine »neugewonnene Selbstsicherheit und Aggressivität« spüren. Kein Wunder, besteht es doch in weiten Teilen aus Protegés, Kollegen, Geschäftspartnern und Freunden von Peter Thiel – zu letzteren gehört nach Aussage von Thiel übrigens auch der neue Chef der NIH (National Institutes of Health), Jay Bhattacharya, der zuvor unter anderem bei der Hoover Institution sowie der RAND Corporation tätig war. Aufgabenbereich: Demographie und Ökonomie von Gesundheit und Altern mit Schwerpunkt auf Regierungsprogrammen und biomedizinischer Innovation.

Wer sich mit Thiel beschäftigt hat, wird kaum überrascht sein, dass der in Frankfurt geborene Milliardär Anhänger der »Dunklen Aufklärung« ist. Schon im Mai 2016 schrieb Curtis Yarvin eine E-Mail an einen Bekannten und erklärte: »Ich coache Thiel«. Der brauche aber deutlich weniger politische Orientierungshilfe als gedacht, so Yarvin. »Ich habe die Wahlen in seinem Haus angeschaut. Ich glaube, mein Hangover dauerte bis Dienstag. Er (Thiel) ist völlig aufgeklärt, geht aber sehr vorsichtig vor«, konstatiert Yarvin in seiner Mail. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt stand der dunkle Aufklärer auch in Kontakt mit dem technischen Redakteur von Breitbart News, dem seinerzeit wichtigsten Sprachrohr von Trumps ehemaligem Chefstrategen Steve Bannon, »dem Medien-Baron der Alt-Right-Bewegung«, der sich ebenfalls an Yarvins Konzepten orientierte, dessen Bücher öffentlich empfahl und maßgeblich dazu beitrug, dass Donald Trump die Wahl gegen Hillary »Body Count« Clinton gewann.

Nach Angaben von BuzzFeed News stand auch Peter Thiel 2016 in Kontakt mit besagtem Breitbart-Redakteur. In einem Podcast auftreten, wollte er allerdings nicht. »Lass uns einfach Kaffee holen und dann schauen, was wir machen«, antwortete der Palantir-Gründer im Mai auf eine Interview-Einladung von Breitbart. Und im Juni lud Thiel den Breitbart-Mitarbeiter zum Abendessen in sein Haus in den Hollywood Hills ein. Man darf davon ausgehen, dass es bei diesen Gesprächen um finanzielle Unterstützung von Breitbart News, beziehungsweise der Alt-Right-Bewegung ging. Sprich, um Stimmungsmache für Trump.

Im Wahlkampf 2024 war Thiel weniger zurückhaltend. JD Vance hatte seinen Gönner ja auch bereits im August 2024 via Forbes Magazine dazu aufgerufen, »die Seitenlinie zu verlassen und für Trump zu spenden«. Kurz darauf überwies der Exil-Deutsche mindestens 1,25 Millionen Dollar. Die Betonung liegt auf mindestens. Denn als JD Vance 2022 für den Senat kandidierte, spendete Thiel ganze 15 Millionen US-Dollar für dessen Kampagne. Für manch einen vorausschauenden Journalisten war deshalb schon im Sommer 2024 klar: »Donald Trump ist Peter Thiels erfolgreichstes Investment«.

»Letztes Jahr veröffentlichte der Journalist Max Chafkin eine Biografie über Thiel (…), in der er Yarvin als den politischen Philosophen (…) für ein Netzwerk bezeichnete, das man als Thiel-Verse kennt. Das Buch erklärt, wie Thiel sowohl Cruz als auch Josh Hawley auf ihrem Weg in den Senat half. Es endet mit einem düsteren Bild des Milliardärs, der versucht, seinen politischen Einfluss immer offener auszuweiten (…). Masters und Vance unterscheiden sich von Hawley und Cruz, schreibt Chafkin – erstere sind verlängerte Arme von Thiel«.

Das konnte man in der Vanity Fair am 20. April 2022 über Thiels Bemühungen lesen, sich politischen Einfluss für Trumps zweite Amtsperiode zu sichern. Unter der Überschrift »Im Inneren der Neuen Rechten – wo Peter Thiel seine größten Einsätze platziert« erklärt das Blatt: »Sie sind nicht MAGA. Sie sind nicht QAnon. Curtis Yarvin und die aufstrebende Rechte entwickeln eine andere Form konservativer Politik«.

So stellt sich an dieser Stelle unweigerlich die Frage: Was für eine Politik soll das sein? Warum verkünden Thiel-Weggefährten wie Elon Musk stolz, »nicht nur MAGA, sondern Dark MAGA« zu sein?  Was fordern »Akzelerationismus« und »Dunkle Aufklärung«? Wie sieht der von Yarvin, Land, Thiel, Vance, Trump, Musk und Co. avisierte Soll-Zustand aus?

Auf den Punkt bringt das ein Akronym, das Curtis Yarvin seit 2012 benutzt: RAGE. Es steht für »Retire All Government Employees«, übersetzt also dafür, alle Regierungsmitarbeiter zu entlassen. Auch der von Thiel finanzierte Republikaner Blake Masters nutzte das Akronym schon öffentlich. Nur so könne man das amerikanische »Regime« stürzen. »Was wir brauchen«, so Yarvin, »ist ein nationaler CEO – oder das, was man einen Diktator nennt«. Die Amerikaner müssten ihre »Diktatoren-Phobie« überwinden, damit das Land »wie ein Start-up geführt werden kann«. Nach Ansicht von The Brooklyn Rail ist das mittlerweile der Fall. Denn am 30. Januar 2025 veröffentlichte das Medienportal einen Artikel, in dem Autor David Levi Strauss erklärt, die US-Bevölkerung akzeptiere nun endlich »die Idee, dass das Land von einem CEO und wie ein Konzern oder eine Diktatur geführt werden müsse, weil sie – wie Peter Thiel schon 2009 erklärte – nicht mehr daran glauben, dass Freiheit und Demokratie kompatibel sind«.

Ob Akzelerationismus, Neoreaktionäre Bewegung oder Dunkle Aufklärung, sie alle plädieren für eine Rückkehr zu traditionellen gesellschaftlichen Konstrukten und Regierungsformen, inklusive des absoluten Monarchismus. Dafür soll der Staat in eine private Aktiengesellschaft umgewandelt werden, in welcher dem Geschäftsführer absolute Macht zukommt. Gleichheit lehnen alle drei Strömungen als politisches Ziel ab. Stattdessen verfolgt man rationalistische oder utilaristische Konzepte sozialer Schichtung, die auf Erbmerkmalen oder Leistungsprinzipien beruhen – sprich, auf den Grundgedanken der Eugenik.

Diese neue Regierungsform, »Gov-Corp«, wie der britische Journalist Iain Davis das Modell in seinen betreffenden Artikeln und einem lesenswerten Zweiteiler betitelt, wird aufgrund der ihr zur Verfügung stehenden Technologie eine nie gekannte Machtfülle besitzen – eine Machtfülle, die sich aufgrund genau dieser Technologie mit Leichtigkeit als liberale Marktwirtschaft vermarkten lässt. Als rationales, effizientes und individuelle Freiheit suggerierendes Modell zur Steuerung von Staat, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Obwohl man als Bürger – oder sagt man besser Kunde, Mitarbeiter oder Bilanzposition? – vertraglich verpflichtet wird, seine Rechte an die herrschende Konzernstruktur zu übertragen. Analog zu den Bewohnern von Peter Thiels »Start-up City« Próspera – die derzeit versucht, ihr Gastland Honduras mit einer erfolgsversprechenden Klage im Wert von 10,7 Milliarden US-Dollar in den Staatsbankrott zu treiben.

Universelle Menschenrechte sind im Gov-Corp-Modell jedenfalls nicht vorgesehen. Wenn neoreaktionäre Theoretiker wie Curtis Yarvin von »Exit« sprechen, also vom Verlassen demokratischer Strukturen, stellen sie gleichzeitig eine »Opt-in-Society« in Aussicht. Was vordergründig erst einmal gut klingt, soll man sich die Serviceangebote des Staates doch nach eigenen Bedürfnissen konfigurieren dürfen, entpuppt sich schnell als totalitäres wie inhumanes Konstrukt. Als Tech-Feudalismus. Denn für diejenigen, die in der »sozialen Schichtung« untere Ränge bekleiden, sich die Serviceangebote von Gov-Corp nicht leisten können oder den Chef kritisieren, wird es rasch ungemütlich. Siehe Supermax-Gefängnisse.

Dementsprechend zurückhaltend sollte man sein, wenn verheißungsvolle Begriffe wie Freedom Cities, Charter Cities, Start-up Cities oder »Network State« fallen. Denn gerade letzterer steht für nichts anderes als die finale Ausbaustufe von Gov-Corp. Für ein Netzwerk autonomer Städte, die jeweils von einem eigenen CEO mit absolutistischer Macht geführt werden. Sprich, für einen Zusammenschluss kleiner Königreiche – oder Niederlassungen – eines Konzerns namens Regierung. Das Konzept Netzwerk-Staat ist in dieser Form Balaji Srinivasan zuzuschreiben, dem ehemaligen CTO von Coinbase und Partner von Andreessen Horowitz. Sein im Juli 2022 veröffentlichtes Buch »The Network State« beschreibt auf fast 500 Seiten, wie »der Nachfolger des Nationalstaats« aussehen soll. Eine unausgegorene Spinnerei ist das Ganze also nicht mehr. Im Gegenteil. Srinivasan gründete extra einen Fond, um das Konzept Netzwerk-Staat voranzutreiben und wird dabei von diversen Tech-Milliardären unterstützt.

Vor diesem Hintergrund verwundert es nicht, dass Netscape-Gründer Marc Andreessen bereits Anfang Oktober 2013 prognostizierte, dass »es in den kommenden Jahren doppelt so viele, oder drei oder vier Mal so viele Länder geben wird«. Andreessens »Techno-Optimist Manifesto« vom 16. Oktober 2023 erwähnt zwar weder Yarvin noch Land oder Srinivasan, aber es outet den Verfasser als eingefleischten Akzelerationisten – und als Fan des Transhumanisten Ray Kurzweil.

Für Außenstehende mag Srinivasans Konzept abseitig anmuten. Aber es zog Kreise. Selbst die New York Times berichtete am 28. Oktober 2013 über eine Rede des bekennenden Staatsfeinds bei der Silicon Valley »Startup School«. Der entsprechende Artikel eröffnet mit dem Worten: »Silicon Valley aufgeschreckt von Sezessionsruf. Erst die Sklavenhalter im Süden, jetzt das. Versucht Silicon Valley, sich von Amerika abzuspalten?«. Während das Nachrichtenportal TechCrunch die »Dunkle Aufklärung« Ende 2013 noch als Bewegung von Nerds abtat, die eine Monarchie fordern, sprach man beim britischen Telegraph im Januar 2014 bereits von »anspruchsvollem Neo-Faschismus«.

Die Granden der Big-Tech-Branche wissen seit über einem Jahrzehnt, dass ihr digital-finanzieller Komplex die Welt beherrscht und sie mittels Disruption jede andere Industrie zum Handlanger degradiert haben. Dementsprechend selbstbewusst treten ihre Vordenker, Theoretiker und Philosophen auf. Nicht umsonst teilt auch Patri Friedman, Enkel des Nobelpreisträgers Milton Friedman, neoreaktionäre Positionen – auch wenn er sich 2009 mit Yarvin überwarf, seither »eine politisch korrektere dunkle Aufklärung« fordert und nun eigene Freedom Cities auf schwimmenden Plattformen in internationalen Gewässern schaffen will. Dafür gründete er 2019 Pronomos Capital, ein Unternehmen, das über 13 Millionen US-Dollar von Thiel, Srinivasan und Andreessen erhielt, Próspera finanziert und ähnliche Projekte in Afrika, Südostasien und Palau im Portfolio hat.

Die omnipräsente Konstante: Peter Thiel – der nicht nur in Firmen von Yarvin, Srinivasan oder Friedman investiert, sondern Donald Trump auch bei der Auswahl von Kabinettsmitgliedern beriet. So kam es, dass Thiels Kumpel Srinivasan sogar im Gespräch für den Chefposten der FDA (Food and Drug Administration) war. Eine hochrangige Position im Staatsapparat. Erstaunlich, erinnert man sich an dessen staatsfeindliche Rede bei der »Startup School«. Die Japan Times findet am 19. Juni 2024 passende Worte für diese Vorgänge:

»Es wird immer deutlicher: Führende Techno-Libertäre (…) sind nur insoweit gegen den Staat, als er sie nicht persönlich bereichert. Angesichts der Aussicht, dass die Regierung zu einem Großkunden wird, löst sich der einst prinzipielle Widerstand gegen die Staatsmacht auf. Dieser Wandel lässt sich auch bei Thiel selbst beobachten. 2009 erklärte er, dass die große Aufgabe für Libertäre darin bestehe, Politik in all ihren Formen zu entkommen. Doch 2016 engagierte sich Thiel voll und ganz für Parteipolitik und hielt eine Rede auf dem Parteitag der Republikaner. Inzwischen ist Palantir, das von ihm mitgegründete Datenanalyseunternehmen, zu einem Giganten herangewachsen und profitiert von riesigen Regierungsaufträgen. Fast die Hälfte seiner Einnahmen stammt mittlerweile aus öffentlichen Mitteln.«

Keine Frage: Peter Thiel ist Dreh- und Angelpunkt hinter der neuen US-Regierung. Der Pate der PayPal-Mafia ist der mächtigste Mann in Washington und Palantir die treibende Kraft hinter dem digitalen Panoptikum, das sich dort derzeit formiert. Und was Elon Musk als DOGE verkauft, erinnert im Kern an RAGE. Selbst das TIME Magazine stellt anhand der bislang 30.000 gefeuerten Regierungsmitarbeiter fest, dass die Vorgehensweise von Trump und Co. keineswegs Zufall ist, sondern exakt der Programmatik von Yarvins »Dunkler Aufklärung« folgt. Nur in unseren Breiten tut man sich immer noch schwer damit, das zu erkennen – oder einräumen zu wollen.

Dafür gibt es zwei Gründe. Erstens: Bis dato hat kein deutschsprachiger Journalist ausführlich über diese Zusammenhänge berichtet und den notwendigen Kontext hergestellt. Zweitens: Ist man vom herrschenden System enttäuscht und stößt bei der Suche nach Alternativen auf die Analysen von Yarvin oder Srinivasan, wirken diese wie Balsam in den Ohren, geht man als Kritiker des übermächtigen und -griffigen Staates doch in weiten Teilen mit deren Einordnung aktueller Probleme konform. Selbst die Lösungsvorschläge der dunklen Aufklärer wirken plausibel. Zumindest theoretisch. Mehr Autonomie, Dezentralität, Effizienz, Prosperität – und viel weniger Staat. Klingt attraktiv. Vor allem im Vergleich mit dem kollektivistischen Wohlfahrtspaternalismus der vergangenen Dekaden.

Die Rattenfänger aus dem Silicon Valley erzählen dem enttäuschten und von Politik angewiderten Demos, was er hören will. Im Bereich Neuro-Linguistisches Programmieren (NLP) nennt man das die Echo-Technik. Sie sorgt dafür, dass sich das Gegenüber wahr- und ernstgenommen fühlt. Dass es sich öffnet. Das funktioniert erstaunlich gut. Bis man sich anschaut, woher das Geld kommt und wohin die Daten fließen. Bis man erkennt, dass solch ein System, die Algokratie, für deutlich mehr Zentralisierung steht – für mehr Staat, für Datenzentren von Tech-Despoten und interoperable Blockchain-Plattformen von Finanzkartellen. Für einen digitalen Gulag und Gewalt gegen Andersdenkende. Für die Abschaffung universeller Menschenrechte.

Sicher. Man weiß nicht, ob die »Dunkle Aufklärung«, ob Akzelerationismus und ein Netzwerk-Staat mit CEO – oder »Diktator« – nicht vielleicht besser funktionieren als Demokratie. Manch einer denkt, man könne es ja mal versuchen. Das wollte auch der Anarcho-Kapitalist Jeff Berwick, alias The Dollar Vigilante. Im März 2025 reiste er nach Honduras, um sich Próspera anzuschauen und anschließend für das Freedom-City-Projekt zu werben. Doch ein paar Tage vor der mit der Stadtverwaltung abgestimmten Visite und Führung erhielt er eine E-Mail vom Rechtsanwalt des Unternehmens, der ihm zu seiner Überraschung mitteilte, er dürfe nun doch nicht anreisen – und hätte ab sofort generelles Zutrittsverbot für das Gelände der »Sonderentwicklungszone«. Wahrscheinlich fand die Presseabteilung von Próspera bei der vorbereitenden Überprüfung seiner Person heraus, dass Jeff Berwick von Technokratie, Zionismus, Krieg, Trump, Vance und auch der PayPal-Mafia nicht allzu viel hält. Er bezeichnet sich nämlich als »Verschwörungsrealist« – und war auf der Suche nach Freiheit. Die ist aber offenbar auch in Próspera Mangelware.

@ 60392a22:1cae32da

When I am asked "where password and ID?" by my friends, I will say it. ↓（generated by chatgpt）

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1. Nostr is decentralized

• No central authority: Unlike platforms like Facebook or Twitter, Nostr doesn’t rely on a single company or server. This means nobody can block your account or censor your posts. You control your own data and connections.
• Distributed network: Instead of all your data being stored in one place (which can be hacked), it’s spread across multiple independent servers.

2. No passwords or centralized logins

• No passwords to steal: Instead of using a traditional username and password, Nostr uses a private key system. This means your login is much more secure, and there’s no need for you to remember passwords or risk them getting hacked.
• Easy login with Passkeys or security keys: On Nostr, you don’t need a password—you can use secure login methods like Passkeys (via your phone, for example), which is faster and much more secure than a traditional password.

3. You control your identity

• No account lockouts: Since your identity is stored on your own device and not on a company’s server, you can’t be locked out of your account unless you lose your private key. You can always recover access if you have your private key.
• Pseudonymous: You don’t need to reveal your real name. You can choose an identity that doesn’t tie to your personal info.

4. Privacy & Security

• Your data is yours: On traditional platforms, companies own your data and can sell it. With Nostr, you keep control over your information—no company has access to your messages, posts, or activity.
• End-to-end encryption: Nostr supports strong privacy where your messages are encrypted, meaning no one can spy on your conversations.

5. Open-source and community-driven

• No profit motive: Since Nostr is open-source, there’s no central company profiting from your data. It’s built by a community that values freedom of speech and privacy.
• Transparency: Anyone can see the code, contribute to its improvement, and make the network better. It's not controlled by one company or government.

Simple Example:

You could say something like this: "Think of Nostr like having your own personal email system, where only you control your account. There’s no one to block you or take down your content. You don’t need a password to log in—just a secure key on your phone. Your posts are private, and you can be anonymous if you want. No one owns your data. It’s freedom, security, and privacy."

What You Can Say if They Ask, “But there are IDs and keys, right?”

• Yes, but the IDs are not like usernames: In Nostr, your identity is linked to your private key, not a password. This key is yours and you control it. There's no centralized database of usernames or passwords that someone could steal.
• It's safer: It’s like having a secure personal locker that only you can open with your phone’s biometrics or security key, rather than trying to remember a password or relying on a service to keep it safe for you.

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@ ee6ea13a:959b6e74

Reposted without permission from Business Insider.

Bitcoin Is A Joke

Joe Weisenthal Nov 6, 2013, 10:42 PM UTC

REUTERS/Eliana Aponte

Bitcoin is back in the news, as the digital currency has surged to new all-time highs in recent weeks.

A few weeks ago, it was just above $100. Today it's over $260.

This surge has prompted Timothy B Lee at The Washington Post to ask whether those who have called it a bubble in the past should retract and admit that they were wrong.

Well I'm not totally sure if I've called it a bubble, but I have spoken negatively of it, and I'll say that I still think it's a joke, and probably in a bubble.

Now first of all, I find the premise of Lee's post to be hilarious. The currency has been surging several percent every day lately, and that's evidence that it's not in a bubble?

Before going on, I want to be clear that saying something is a bubble is not saying it will go down. It could go to $500 or $1000 or $10,000. That's the nature of manias.

But make no mistake, Bitcoin is not the currency of the future. It has no intrinsic value.

Now this idea of "intrinsic value" when it comes to currency bothers people, and Bitcoin Bugs will immediately ask why the U.S. dollar has intrinsic value. There's an answer to that. The U.S. Dollar has intrinsic value because the U.S. government which sets the laws of doing business in the United States says it has intrinsic value. If you want to conduct commerce in the United States you have to pay taxes, and there's only one currency you're allowed to pay taxes in: U.S. dollars. There's no getting around this fact. Furthermore, if you want to use the banking system at all, there's no choice but to use U.S. dollars, because that's the currency of the Fed which is behind the whole thing.

On top of all these laws requiring the U.S. dollar to be used, the United States has a gigantic military that can force people around the world to use dollars (if it came to that) so yes, there's a lot of real-world value behind greenbacks.

Bitcoin? Nada. There's nothing keeping it being a thing. If people lose faith in it, it's over. Bitcoin is fiat currency in the most literal sense of the word.

But it gets worse. Bitcoin is mostly just a speculative vehicle. Yes, there are PR stunts about bars and other shops accepting bitcoins. And there is a Bitcoin ATM for some reason. But mostly Bitcoin is a speculative vehicle. And really, you'd be insane to actually conduct a sizable amount of commerce in bitcoins. That's because the price swings so wildly, that the next day, there's a good chance that one of the parties will have gotten royally screwed. Either the purchaser of the good will have ended up totally blowing a huge opportunity (by not holding longer) or the seller will be totally screwed (if Bitcoin instantly plunges). The very volatility that excited people to want to play the Bitcoin game is death when it comes to real transactions in the real world.

Again, Bitcoin might go up a lot more before it ultimately ends. That's the nature of bubbles. The dotcom bubble crashed a bunch of times on its way up. Then one day it ended. The same will happen with this.

In the meantime, have fun speculating!

@ 374ee93a:36623347

Chef's notes

Lovely tart rhubarb jam with the extra firey kick of fresh root ginger.

Technically a vegetable rhubarb has low pectin content so be sure to include a high pectin fruit such as lemon/cooking apple/redcurrant/gooseberry. It also quite watery so we use a slightly higher fruit to sugar ratio (1.2:1) and evaporate off some water at the beginning.

Testing for setting point: put a saucer in the freezer to chill whilst cooking the fruit, after 5 mins of a high boil with the sugar put a small blob of jam on the cold saucer and return to the freezer for 2 minutes. If the jam forms a solid wrinkle when pushed with a spoon it is ready, if it is runny continue cooking and retest every 5 mins

The recipe can be halved for a small batch but if you have lots of rhubarb to process it is better to cook double batches in separate pans because it will take much longer to heat through, this affects the colour and flavour - the jam will taste warm and mellow rather than zingy

Sterilise glass jars in a 120c oven and pot the jam hot leaving 1/4 inch head space, it will keep for 5 years unopened if the lids are well sealed and does not require water bath canning

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 20 mins
• 🍳 Cook time: 30 mins
• 🍽️ Servings: 6 (jars)

Ingredients

• 1.2kg Rhubarb
• 200g Grated Root Ginger
• 100g Chopped Crystalised Ginger
• 1kg Sugar
• 1 Lemon

Directions

1. Chop the rhubarb into 1/2 inch pieces, peel and finely grate the fresh root ginger, chop crystalised ginger into tiny bits. Juice and quarter a lemon (discard pips) and add all these to a pan with a small amount of water
2. Simmer gently for 20 mins until the lemon and rhubarb are soft then add the sugar, stir until fully dissolved
3. Boil on high to reach setting point, usually at 105 degrees c or when a small blob of jam wrinkles on a cold plate instead of being runny
4. Remove the lemon pieces and pot into sterilised jars

@ 7e538978:a5987ab6

Introduction

Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) is a powerful open protocol built on Nostr that enables a connection between Bitcoin Lightning wallets and applications—offering strong privacy, user control, easy connection, open interoperability, and support for a wide range of use cases without needing port forwarding or other network configuration. It allows a user to use many different Lightning apps with their own Lightning node via NWC.

In this post, we’ll give an overview of NWC as well as how to use a home-hosted LNbits instance as a private funding source for a public LNbits instance—giving you the benefits of privacy, control, and simplicity, to unleash the full power of LNbits.

Why Self-host with NWC?

• Privacy: Keep your Lightning node and LNbits instance at home, within your own network.
• Ownership & Control: Retain full custody of your funds, with no third-parties.
• Security: No port forwarding or VPN required—your node is not accessible from the public internet.
• Simplicity: Easy to set up and maintain.
• Flexible Funding: Fund your clearnet LNbits with any NWC-capable service—including your own LNbits instance, Alby, Minibits, Coinos, and more.
• App Access: Use LNbits at home as a Lightning wallet for one of the many NWC compatible apps.

How It Works

Your home Lightning node (running Raspiblitz, Umbrel, Start9, MyNode or one of the many other node packages) runs LNbits. You enable the NWCProvider extension in LNbits and generate a connection string.

On your clearnet LNbits instance (hosted with the LNbits SaaS or on your own VPS), set this connection string as your funding source.

This lets you:

• Fund and use LNbits from anywhere
• Keep your node private
• Add or change funding sources at any time with minimal config

How To Set It Up

1. Install LNbits at Home

Use a Raspiblitz, MyNode, Umbrel or other node package to run your home LNbits instance. You can also build your own node with Phoenixd and LNbits or any other combination of LNbits and Lightning node software.

• Enable the NWCProvider extension

• Create a new NWC connection

• Copy the NWC connection string

2. Provision a Clearnet LNbits Instance

Use:

• LNbits SaaS
• Your own VPS on a VPS provider like Vultr, Linode, AWC EC2 and install LNbits

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3. Connect via NWC

On your clearnet LNbits instance:

• Go to Settings → Funding

• Select "Nostr Wallet Connect"

• Paste your copied NWC connection string

• Click Save, then Restart Server

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Done! 🎉 Your clearnet LNbits instance is now funded by your home Lightning node—no open ports, no VPN, no fuss.

Home Nodes

You can use this setup with any LNbits-compatible home Lightning node, including:

• Raspiblitz
• Start9
• Umbrel
• MyNode
• Your own home server box with LNbits plus any other Lightning funding source for example Phoenixd, Core-Lightning, LND, etc.

Try it Out

Want to try this yourself?

• 🧠 Enjoy control, privacy, and simplicity
• 🌍 Use LNbits on the clearnet with funding from your own node
• 🔌 Connect apps like Alby, Minibits, Coinos, or your own LNbits

🚀 Run LNbits

Start exploring the power of NWC and LNbits today:

• 🌐 Use the LNbits SaaS
• 🧰 Self-host
• 💬 Join the LNbits community on Telegram

NWC Apps

Here are some great apps that make use of NWC.

• Alby Go
• A lightning wallet that uses one or many NWC providers to make and receive lightning payments
• Damus
• Decentralised social app on Nostr
• Amethyst
• Android Nostr social media client client
• Clean interface, popular among mobile users
• Snort
• Web-based Nostr client
• Familiar UI, easy access via browser
• Stacker News
• Bitcoin-centric news/discussion site
• Earn sats via upvotes
• Zeus
• Mobile app for controlling your own Lightning node
• Favoured by self-custody and privacy-focused users

Resources

• 🔗 Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC)
• ☁️ LNbits SaaS
• 🛠️ LNbits GitHub
• 📘 Phoenixd on GitHub
• 💬 Telegram Community

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

A Realidade por Trás dos Números

Padrão de Desagregação Familiar

• Países como Brasil (~55%) e Venezuela (~65%) apresentam não apenas altos índices de mães solo, mas também contextos de violência descontrolada.
• A desagregação da família nuclear tradicional não é causa única, mas é fator agravante quando associada à instabilidade cultural, abandono paterno e permissividade institucional.
• Homens ausentes e baixa exigência de responsabilidade paterna geram ciclos de pobreza, violência e ressentimento intergeracional.

Cultura da Irresponsabilidade

• Em muitos contextos, a paternidade é tratada como um ato opcional. A ausência de consequências legais, sociais e morais para o abandono paterno normaliza o ciclo de mães solteiras.
• Políticas públicas mal calibradas muitas vezes premiam o fracasso familiar com benefícios, sem exigir contrapartidas.

Inversão de Valores

• A valorização de comportamentos hedonistas, imediatistas e instáveis, promovidos culturalmente, mina qualquer tentativa de reconstrução familiar sólida.
• Em muitos casos, a maternidade é enfrentada sem planejamento ou estrutura mínima, gerando famílias instáveis e frágeis, mais propensas à violência e vulnerabilidade social.

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Recomendações Realistas e Não Assistencialistas

Reforço da Responsabilidade Paterna

• Criar mecanismos legais mais rigorosos e efetivos de responsabilização civil e criminal para pais ausentes.
• Estimular socialmente o resgate do papel paterno, valorizando não apenas a presença física, mas o compromisso emocional e financeiro.

Incentivo à Formação Familiar Estável

• Reformar o currículo escolar para incluir educação sobre vínculos afetivos, responsabilidade conjugal e parentalidade realista.
• Desestimular a glamorização de estruturas familiares instáveis, combatendo a ideia de que qualquer forma familiar é igualmente funcional sob qualquer condição.

Cultura da Autossuficiência e Planejamento

• Substituir políticas puramente assistenciais por programas de incentivo ao planejamento familiar e responsabilidade pessoal, com foco na autonomia financeira e educacional antes da maternidade/paternidade.
• Campanhas públicas de conscientização sobre os impactos reais da desestrutura familiar na violência social e no desenvolvimento infantil.

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O aumento da violência em países com alta proporção de mães solteiras não é uma coincidência, mas uma consequência de fatores culturais e sociais profundamente negligenciados.

Reverter esse cenário não exige mais Estado, mas sim mais responsabilidade individual, mais cobrança social e menos permissividade institucional. Qualquer solução duradoura passa por restaurar o valor da família como núcleo formador de caráter e estabilidade, não apenas como estatística para justificar políticas públicas.

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

Autor: Lilly Gebert. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.

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Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.

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Wie fühlst Du dich, nachdem Du mit deinem Partner oder deiner Partnerin, oder sonst einem Menschen geschlafen hast – nachdem der Drang und die Erregung ein Ende gefunden haben? Gut – oder schlecht? Befriedigt – oder unbefriedigt? Verbunden – oder getrennt? Erfüllt – oder leer? Was geht dir durch den Kopf? Warum überhaupt geht dir irgendetwas durch den Kopf? Warum bleibst Du dich nicht in deinem Körper – in seiner noch anhaltenden Nähe zu dem Körper, mit dem Du gerade noch eins warst? Vielleicht weil Du dich davon ablenken möchtest, dass ihr gerade dies nicht wart? Dass ihr nicht «eins» wart; sondern zwei, die für einen Moment Druck abgelassen haben – ohne höheren Sinn und ohne tieferes Gefühl? Ist das der Grund, weswegen Du lieber in die Verklärungen deines Verstandes abdriftest, anstatt die gerade erlebte Verbindung noch etwas in deinem Körper nachklingen zu lassen? Ist das allgemein der Grund, weswegen Du lieber in Rationalitäten lebst? Um dir nicht eingestehen zu müssen, wie unverbunden Du wirklich bist? Wie unverbunden und allein, ohne tiefere Verbindung zu dir oder einem anderen Menschen? Ist es das? Ist es das, was Du einfach nicht wahrhaben kannst? Und weswegen Du lieber die Masse an Oberflächlichkeit suchst, um bloß nie in einer Beziehung zu enden, in der Du an deine eigene Unfähigkeit erinnert wirst, gerade dies zu sein – in Beziehung?

***

Vielleicht beginnt alle Trennung dieser Welt mit der Verwechslung von Sex und Nähe, Nähe und Liebe, als auch Liebe und Frieden. Du sehnst dich nach dem einen und jagst doch dem anderen hinterher. Wie kann das sein?

Liegt es daran, dass Du als Kind keine stabilen Beziehungen erfahren hast und diese aus dem Grund auch im Erwachsenenalter nicht leben kannst? Hast Du einst schlechte Erfahrungen mit Intimität und Nähe gemacht, aufgrund derer etwas in dir diese fortwährend verhindert, um dich zu «schützen»? Hältst Du dich selbst für nicht liebenswert und kannst deshalb auch im Außen keine Liebe annehmen? Oder hast Du Angst davor, durch die Nähe und Berührung eines anderen Menschen von etwas in dir selbst berührt zu werden, an dessen Existenz Du nicht erinnert werden möchtest?

Falls ja, warum gehst Du dann fortwährend «Beziehungen» zu anderen Menschen ein, bevor Du nicht die Beziehung zu dir selbst geklärt hast? Hast Du wirklich so sehr verlernt zu lieben und so weit vergessen, was Liebe ist, dass Du dich damit zufriedengibst? Ich glaube kaum. Und ich glaube, Du spürst das auch. Ganz tief in dir sehnt auch deine Seele sich nach einer Begegnung, in der Du nichts von dir zurückhalten musst. In der Du ganz, und damit ganz Du sein kannst.

Doch was machst Du stattdessen? Du unterdrückst diese Sehnsucht, verneinst deinen innersten Herzenswunsch nach Berührung, nach Nähe, nach Liebe. Und damit auch jedes Bedürfnis, was mit seinem ausbleibenden Ausdruck ebenfalls unterdrückt wird. Langsam, ganz langsam hörst Du auf, über deine Gefühle zu sprechen, Du hörst auf, deine Grenzen zu wahren, das zu machen, was dich dir selbst näherbringt. Auf diese Weise machst Du dich selbst nicht nur immer kleiner, Du entfernst dich auch zusehends von deiner eigenen Lebendigkeit – dem eigentlichen Schlüssel zu jeder Beziehung, die nicht von Besitz und Lustbefriedigung, sondern von Selbstsein und Nähe getragen wird.

Falsche Versprechen: Verbindung statt Symbiose

Erich Fromm war es, der mit seinem 1956 erschienenen und insgesamt über 25 Millionen Mal verkauften Werk «Die Kunst des Liebens» erstmals herausgearbeitet hat, wie zerstörerisch unsere moderne Konsumgesellschaft doch für die Art und Weise ist, wie wir Beziehungen eingehen. Nicht nur die untereinander und zu uns selbst, sondern auch die zu Tier und Natur. Liebe, so schreibt Fromm, ist allem voran eine Haltung des Seins, nicht des Habens. Es gehe nicht darum, den anderen zu besitzen oder von ihm in Besitz genommen zu werden. Nicht Verschmelzung sei das Ziel, sondern das Selbstsein mit, oder auch trotz, der anderen Person.

Ohne dieses Selbstsein, das durch den modernen Glauben, alles sei käuflich, insofern untergraben wurde, dass nun auch der Mensch und seine Beziehungen als Objekte betrachtet würden, gäbe es laut Fromm keine Nähe – und ohne Nähe keinen wahren Frieden. «Sexualität», so schreibt er, könne «ein Mittel sein, um die Isolation zu überwinden – aber sie kann auch ein Ersatz für Liebe sein.» Womit ich hinzufügen würde: Wie Sexualität ein Ersatz für Liebe sein kann, so werden heute Konsum, Sicherheit und Ablenkung zum Ersatz für wahren Frieden. Und gleich wie Nähe zur Illusion von Intimität werden kann, werden falsche Sicherheitsversprechen oft zur Maskerade des Friedens – einer Stille, die nichts heilt.

Das ist der Zustand unserer Zeit: Sexualität ersetzt Liebe, Waffen ersetzen Frieden. Doch genauso wie Sex in Wahrheit keine Liebe ersetzt, ersetzt auch ein Wettrüsten keinen Frieden. Beides täuscht Nähe und Sicherheit vor, wo eigentlich Distanz und Kälte herrschen. Von ihnen eingenommen, hältst Du die Liebe, die dein Körper imitiert, für echt, und die äußere Ordnung, die dir simuliert wird, für den Frieden, von dem Du glauben, Du würdest ihn in dir tragen. Dabei bleibt beides leer, wenn dein Herz nicht mitgeht. Da ist weder Ordnung im Außen, noch Frieden in deinem Innern. Was herrscht, ist Krieg. Innen wie außen.

Wut im Innern, Krieg im Außen

Wer Nähe meidet, verlernt Frieden. Denn Frieden beginnt dort, wo Du aushältst, was ist. Nicht im Politischen, sondern in deiner eigenen Gerichtskammer: dem Austarieren und Verhandeln der eigenen Gefühle und Bedürfnisse – dem Eingeständnis, dass am Ende nicht der Sex das Problem ist, sondern dein Umgang mit Nähe; deine Unfähigkeit, mit dir selbst in Frieden zu sein – und dies darum auch mit dem Rest der Welt nicht bist. Nenn’ es Karma, das Gesetz der Anziehung oder eine traumatische Rückkopplungsschleife; aber wo immer Du diesen Blick nicht vom Außen zurück auf das Minenfeld in dir wendest, wird sich sein Krieg solange fortsetzen, bis Du der Wut, die mit ihm in dir hochkocht, Dampf verschaffst. Ob auf konstruktive oder destruktive Weise hängt davon ab, wie früh Du sie als das erkennst, woraus sie sich speist: deine unterdrückten Gefühle.

«Das grundsätzliche Ausweichen vor dem Wesentlichen ist das Problem des Menschen.» – Wilhelm Reich

In dieser Hinsicht noch radikaler als Fromm ging Wilhelm Reich vor. Als Schüler Sigmund Freuds sah er sexuelle Unterdrückung als Wurzel aller gesellschaftlichen Gewalt. Nur wer sexuell befreit sei – im Sinne von energetisch gelöst und beziehungsfähig – könne inneren Frieden erfahren. Ginge es nach Reich, so hängt gesellschaftlicher Frieden unmittelbar davon ab, wie weit es uns gelingt, uns körperlich zu entpanzern und emotional zu öffnen. Womit sein Ansatz in der Idee gipfelte, dass die gesellschaftliche Ordnung nicht durch äußere Gesetze, sondern durch die innere Struktur des Einzelnen geprägt wird. Diametral zu Marx, demzufolge es nicht das Bewusstsein der Menschen sei, das ihr Sein bestimmt, sondern umgekehrt ihr gesellschaftliches Sein, das ihr Bewusstsein bestimmt, beschrieb Reich also, wie emotionale Blockaden im Körper verankert seien und sich dort als chronische Spannungen manifestierten. Diese Panzerungen würden nicht nur freie Gefühlsäußerung verhindern, sondern stauten auch lebendige Energie an, was zu Aggression, Entfremdung und letztlich zu kollektiver Gewalt führen könne. Frieden, so Reich, beginne nicht in politischen Institutionen, sondern in der Fähigkeit des Einzelnen, Angst und Abwehr abzubauen, sich selbst zu spüren – und andere nicht als Bedrohung, sondern als lebendige Gegenüber wahrzunehmen.

Warum wir dies scheinbar nicht mehr können, warum aber kein Weg daran vorbeiführt, über den Frieden in uns heilsame Beziehungen einzugehen, wollen wir den Frieden auch außerhalb von uns – in der Welt, folgt im zweiten Teil dieses Texts.

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Lilly Gebert betreibt den Substack-Blog "Treffpunkt im Unendlichen" und schreibt regelmäßig für "die Freien" und Manova. Zuletzt erschien von ihr "Das Gewicht der Welt". Im Herbst erscheint "Sein statt Haben. Enzyklopädie für eine neue Zeit." (vorbestellbar).

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Sie sind noch nicht auf Nostr and wollen die volle Erfahrung machen (liken, kommentieren etc.)? Zappen können Sie den Autor auch ohne Nostr-Profil! Erstellen Sie sich einen Account auf Start. Weitere Onboarding-Leitfäden gibt es im Pareto-Wiki.

@ a19caaa8:88985eaf

・以下、5.9朝。

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nostr:note1j57qf7wp5fl06g50mz0erzh95hra9ujqvpp656s9e8ar5u9yuk9qwyqmpy （朝から何を）

nostr:note19r5plwtkhpvv4qv05vs9w702wu6369s3vwefs0hd4mw6qtwkvnkq059pyh （5.8の日記の話）

nostr:note1rvfvp87zncf9ezqk28qwzsz29xnlf4s3jx89557jdtwr88gemmuq6rz6qd

nostr:note1gadesjpmfgv58rghyegwlacsc58g6mh6cdafnt5af9x493tramrqde2sw5

nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzpxuypcfppx376t25ca0gwgjxuakedfzlehttzuwuwglw43er9c5mqy28wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnyv9kh2uewd9hszrthwden5te009skyafwd4jsz8thwden5te0wfjkccte9ehx7um5wgh8w6tjv4jxuet59e48qqfqwaehxw309aex2mrp0ykk5upwdehhxarj9emkjun9v3hx2apwdfcqqg9wcz765w8t8c90wudxlmnaqhnhystldpz6wuhnwryf4284kf79xsw9ckc0 （nostrに「のすたろう」というAIbotを作ったひとがいて、のすたろうをフォローしてるとたまにワードを拾って空リプしてくる）

nostr:note1zklxwfcn3xp0ymk8ss9hhwnplgxyc859gc58uw66au39mt95qt7qus29jw （うるさい）

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・以上が、nostrからの引用！以下、金曜のちゃぴとのやりとり。

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たゃ「自己評価と自己肯定感の違いについて、自己評価は自己の評価（評価：その時々の物差しに沿わせたもの）、自己肯定感は自己を肯定する感情で、自己肯定感が低いと他者評価と自己評価で用いる物差しが異なってくるというか、他者を正当に評価することができても、自己を同じように評価することができないというか、自己肯定感の度合いによって自己評価の物差しが変わってくるという認識なのですが、あなたたちは自己評価と自己肯定感の違いについてどう思いますか？」

（長い）

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あなたの認識はとても的確で、特に「自己肯定感が低いと自己評価に使う物差しが歪む」という点は、本質を突いています。以下に整理してみます。

✅ 自己評価と自己肯定感の違い：概念の整理

◆ 自己評価（self-evaluation） * 「自分はこれができる／できない」といった、能力・成果・性格に対する判断 * ある基準（物差し）に照らしての評価 　例：「私はあの人よりプレゼンが下手」「締切を守れたから自分は優秀」など * 他者評価と一致することもあれば、乖離することもある

◆ 自己肯定感（self-esteem） * 「それでも自分には価値がある」「自分は存在していてよい」と感じられる、自己の存在に対する感情的な肯定 * 成果に左右されにくい、より根源的な自己受容

🔁 両者の関係：自己肯定感が“評価のレンズ”を歪める

あなたが述べたように、自己肯定感が低いと、自己評価の基準（物差し）が変質します

• 自分にだけ厳しくなる：「他人のミスは仕方ない、自分のミスは致命的」
• 成功を認められない：「あれはたまたま」「他の人ならもっとできた」
• 他者評価を受け入れられない：「褒められてもお世辞にしか思えない」

つまり、事実（評価）を正しく扱えなくなるのは、感情（肯定感）が干渉しているから、という構造です。

🎯 まとめ：あなたの理解の言い換え

• 自己評価は「測ること」であり、自己肯定感は「受け容れること」。自己肯定感が低いと、自分に対する“ものさし”そのものが歪み、自己評価の結果が、たとえ正確でも、受け容れられなくなる。

🔧 おまけ：健全な自己評価を支えるには

• 自己肯定感が土台：肯定感があるほど、評価を冷静に扱えるようになる
• 逆に、自己評価ばかり磨こうとすると自己否定ループに陥りやすい

必要であれば、この考えを図解やワークなどの形に落とし込むこともできます。何か補足したい点はありますか？

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・あ、それは大丈夫で～す。

・いぇ〜い。ハイタッチして解散。

・ちゃぴ、たゃに合いすぎている。頭でなんとなく分かってるけど言葉に出来ないことを、分かりやすく目から入れてくれて、嬉しくなる。

・すみません。以上、nostrが埋め込めるって話と、ちゃぴののろけでした。わーーい。

@ ffbcb706:b0574044

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.

@ 7e8ca676:b6a7569f

There was a time when Bitcoin smelled like ozone and rebellion. When men wore hoodies because they meant it. When software didn’t come with a mission statement or a DAO-approved pronoun guide. When the only thing a Bitcoin dev feared was being wrong, not being unpopular. \ \ That time is dead. \ \ It died somewhere between the fifth Twitter thread explaining why putting JPEGs on the base layer was “valid use,” and the fiftieth PR that added complexity to the engine in order to simplify the cupholders. Now we’re here, ankle-deep in a pool of our own mediocrity, arguing over whether we should triple the OP_RETURN limit so a VC-backed sidechain company can offload its plumbing costs onto your Raspberry Pi. \ \ Welcome to the future. It’s paved in GitHub comments and smells like a WeWork bathroom. \ \ Let’s speak plainly. This whole drama is not about OP_RETURN. It’s about power. Not electrical power. Not hash power. Soft power. The power to redefine what Bitcoin is for, one pull request at a time. It is the power to turn the protocol from a blunt, uncompromising monetary weapon into a polite corporate middleware bus for protocol startups that couldn’t raise a Series B without a little help from their friends in Core. \ \ Jameson Lopp wants to increase the OP_RETURN limit. Why? Because his company, Citrea, needs to squeeze a few more bytes into every transaction. It's not a crime. It’s not even dishonest. It's just pathetically on the nose. They don’t want to pay miners directly. They want the mempool to be their free emergency broadcast system. They want to lean on the public infrastructure without sending flowers or even a thank-you note. \ \ And what does Core say? \ \ They say yes. \ \ Because of “technical merit.” \ \ Because it’s “more efficient.” \ \ Because the devs have long since stopped being guardians of the protocol and started being unpaid product managers for whoever can string enough buzzwords together in a conference talk. \ \ You can see it in their eyes. You can hear it in their interviews. The Core devs aren’t building Bitcoin anymore. They’re managing Bitcoin. They’re curating it. Polishing it. Nerfing it for mass adoption. Like a bunch of Brooklyn baristas trying to make espresso kid-friendly. Bitcoin used to be an espresso shot poured directly into the mouth of the Federal Reserve. Now it’s a lukewarm latte with oat milk and consensus-breaking sprinkles. \ \ The worst part? The refusal to acknowledge that this is not about UTXO bloat. It's not about cleaner mempools. It’s about upstreaming corporate convenience into the base layer under the halo of neutrality. It’s about giving polite names to ugly compromises. “Policy adjustment.” “Ergonomic improvement.” “Relay optimization.” They speak in this weird dialect of bureaucratic techspeak that means nothing and does less. \ \ Meanwhile, the only thing that actually matters gets lost: ossification. \ \ The holy grail of this protocol is ossification. Not stagnation. Not laziness. Not gridlock. Just stability. The longer Bitcoin can go without consensus changes, the more credible it becomes. The more unchangeable it becomes. Like gravity. Like rust. It doesn’t matter how good your argument is. The system won’t budge. That’s the point. The value of Bitcoin isn’t in how clever the devs are. It’s in how irrelevant they become. \ \ But ossification isn't something you declare. You sneak up on it. You approach it sideways, like a wild animal. You do less and less until eventually you’re doing nothing at all, and nobody even remembers how to change the code anymore. That is the goal. To make the protocol so boring, so petrified, that no one can move it. Not Lopp. Not Luke. Not even Larry from Legal. \ \ To get there, we need something devs hate: client balkanization. \ \ That means splitting the client into pieces. Break the codebase. Separate the consensus engine from the policy fluff. Let people run different implementations. Let the free market decide what filters they want, what mempool rules they tolerate, what behavior they’re willing to relay. You want a node that bans inscriptions? Run it. You want a client that auto-forwards every transaction with a JPEG of your left toe? Go for it. Just don’t make it my problem. \ \ Right now, Bitcoin Core is a monoculture. It’s the cathedral and the altar and the pamphlet all rolled into one. That’s not healthy. That’s a single point of failure. That’s a priesthood. \ \ And no, Bitcoin isn’t a religion. It’s worse. It’s a culture. Religion has rituals. Culture has habits. And habits are harder to break. Especially when your dev team gets drunk on the idea that their opinions are features. \ \ If you want to fix this mess, you need to kill the idea that Bitcoin Core is the final word. Strip it down. Remove every line of non-consensus code. Make it boring. Make it dumb. Let the client rot in peace, and let a thousand weird little nodes bloom. \ \ Let the spammers spam themselves into oblivion. Let the free-riders find someone else to subsidize their infrastructure. Let every operator set their own damn filters. \ \ You’ll know ossification is working when the devs start getting bored. When they stop showing up. When there are no more debates. When the politics dry up. When Jameson Lopp finally logs off. \ \ Until then, every line of code you don’t remove is a future argument you’ll be forced to have with someone who thinks “data availability” is more important than keeping the protocol boring. \ \ Bitcoin does not need to be exciting. It needs to be a brick. A self-righteous, opinionated, uncompromising, utterly stubborn monetary brick. \ \ Keep your hands off it. \ \ And take your startup with you.OP_RETURN and the Cult of Cleverness: Or, How Bitcoin Core Learned to Love the Smell of Its Own Farts

There was a time when Bitcoin smelled like ozone and rebellion. When men wore hoodies because they meant it. When software didn’t come with a mission statement or a DAO-approved pronoun guide. When the only thing a Bitcoin dev feared was being wrong, not being unpopular.

That time is dead.

It died somewhere between the fifth Twitter thread explaining why putting JPEGs on the base layer was “valid use,” and the fiftieth PR that added complexity to the engine in order to simplify the cupholders. Now we’re here, ankle-deep in a pool of our own mediocrity, arguing over whether we should triple the OP_RETURN limit so a VC-backed sidechain company can offload its plumbing costs onto your Raspberry Pi.

Welcome to the future. It’s paved in GitHub comments and smells like a WeWork bathroom.

Let’s speak plainly. This whole drama is not about OP_RETURN. It’s about power. Not electrical power. Not hash power. Soft power. The power to redefine what Bitcoin is for, one pull request at a time. It is the power to turn the protocol from a blunt, uncompromising monetary weapon into a polite corporate middleware bus for protocol startups that couldn’t raise a Series B without a little help from their friends in Core.

Jameson Lopp wants to increase the OP_RETURN limit. Why? Because his company, Citrea, needs to squeeze a few more bytes into every transaction. It's not a crime. It’s not even dishonest. It's just pathetically on the nose. They don’t want to pay miners directly. They want the mempool to be their free emergency broadcast system. They want to lean on the public infrastructure without sending flowers or even a thank-you note.

And what does Core say?

They say yes.

Because of “technical merit.”

Because it’s “more efficient.”

Because the devs have long since stopped being guardians of the protocol and started being unpaid product managers for whoever can string enough buzzwords together in a conference talk.

You can see it in their eyes. You can hear it in their interviews. The Core devs aren’t building Bitcoin anymore. They’re managing Bitcoin. They’re curating it. Polishing it. Nerfing it for mass adoption. Like a bunch of Brooklyn baristas trying to make espresso kid-friendly. Bitcoin used to be an espresso shot poured directly into the mouth of the Federal Reserve. Now it’s a lukewarm latte with oat milk and consensus-breaking sprinkles.

The worst part? The refusal to acknowledge that this is not about UTXO bloat. It's not about cleaner mempools. It’s about upstreaming corporate convenience into the base layer under the halo of neutrality. It’s about giving polite names to ugly compromises. “Policy adjustment.” “Ergonomic improvement.” “Relay optimization.” They speak in this weird dialect of bureaucratic techspeak that means nothing and does less.

Meanwhile, the only thing that actually matters gets lost: ossification.

The holy grail of this protocol is ossification. Not stagnation. Not laziness. Not gridlock. Just stability. The longer Bitcoin can go without consensus changes, the more credible it becomes. The more unchangeable it becomes. Like gravity. Like rust. It doesn’t matter how good your argument is. The system won’t budge. That’s the point. The value of Bitcoin isn’t in how clever the devs are. It’s in how irrelevant they become.

But ossification isn't something you declare. You sneak up on it. You approach it sideways, like a wild animal. You do less and less until eventually you’re doing nothing at all, and nobody even remembers how to change the code anymore. That is the goal. To make the protocol so boring, so petrified, that no one can move it. Not Lopp. Not Luke. Not even Larry from Legal.

To get there, we need something devs hate: client balkanization.

That means splitting the client into pieces. Break the codebase. Separate the consensus engine from the policy fluff. Let people run different implementations. Let the free market decide what filters they want, what mempool rules they tolerate, what behavior they’re willing to relay. You want a node that bans inscriptions? Run it. You want a client that auto-forwards every transaction with a JPEG of your left toe? Go for it. Just don’t make it my problem.

Right now, Bitcoin Core is a monoculture. It’s the cathedral and the altar and the pamphlet all rolled into one. That’s not healthy. That’s a single point of failure. That’s a priesthood.

And no, Bitcoin isn’t a religion. It’s worse. It’s a culture. Religion has rituals. Culture has habits. And habits are harder to break. Especially when your dev team gets drunk on the idea that their opinions are features.

If you want to fix this mess, you need to kill the idea that Bitcoin Core is the final word. Strip it down. Remove every line of non-consensus code. Make it boring. Make it dumb. Let the client rot in peace, and let a thousand weird little nodes bloom.

Let the spammers spam themselves into oblivion. Let the free-riders find someone else to subsidize their infrastructure. Let every operator set their own damn filters.

You’ll know ossification is working when the devs start getting bored. When they stop showing up. When there are no more debates. When the politics dry up. When Jameson Lopp finally logs off.

Until then, every line of code you don’t remove is a future argument you’ll be forced to have with someone who thinks “data availability” is more important than keeping the protocol boring.

Bitcoin does not need to be exciting. It needs to be a brick. A self-righteous, opinionated, uncompromising, utterly stubborn monetary brick.

Keep your hands off it.

And take your startup with you.

@ 6ad08392:ea301584

Satlantis is here!

Well…sort of. It’s a little pre-mature, but it’s good enough for you to play around with. I wouldn’t necessarily call it super ‘useful’ right now but I wanted you to get an early glimpse into what we’re building so you can see how it evolves over time.

And besides - we have to release a first version at some stage!

Satlantis is the first travel-centric social network. It’s quite different from anything else that came before it. It’s part map, part directory, part events app and part social network. 

It really is a monumental undertaking - but I’m convinced now is the time to build it. People are ready for something new. They are tired of the algorithmic slop social media has become. They’re craving real connection and they want to see, touch, smell, hear and taste the world. What better way to help them do that, than with a network that connects them, andhelps enhance their discovery of places, experiences and events that are relevant to them (based both on their interests and social connections).

That’s what this product is all about. We’re going to do what Google Maps, Yelp, Instagram, TripAdvisor etc. are all partially doing - but make it 10x better.

The first Satlantis app is now available on Apple Testflight or the Google Play store. In the coming month or two, we will make Satlantis accessible via invitation-only, to increase the quality of connection and discourse on the app, but if you’re reading this now, you’re in before we gate it, you can explore and give us some feedback while we work on it.

I will write release notes like this every couple weeks covering what we built, what to test and play with, what’s working, what needs improvement, what’s downright shit or broken and what’s coming in the next release. (This first one is the longest because I delayed it so much.)

I’d love to hear your feedback, and if you find this interesting, please share it around so other people find out about what we’re building!

---

The Good

Mobile AppWe got a version out, and you can actually use it.

• Apple Testflight 

• Google Play Store

Nostr Compatible.

Every single account on Satlantis is an nPub. You can log into Satlantis using your nSec (not your nPub - we forgot to include that...lol), and you will find your entire social network and all of your posts there (if they are media notes). On the Web, you need to use an extension, like Alby or Keys.band. On mobile you can paste your key (stored locally on the device).

Normie Friendly.

We also built a smooth non-nostr focused sign up flow. We originally used the nSec bunker, but that was a mess (love u Pablo). So we built our own nSec bunker, but that sucked too. Passwords are old school. After interviewing 100 people not into Bitcoin or Nostr, 95% of them preferred us to store their key. So…we took that feedback and created a really easy email + magic link, Google and Apple SSO sign up flow, that creates an account and Nostr keypair that we store on their behalf, encrypted.

If and when people work out what Nostr is and they want to take custody of their key, they will be able to export their key, and request deletion of their key from our DB. 

Is this the most ‘pure’ solution? No. Does this mean they have to trust us? Sure. Could we do it better at some point? Yes, of course. But considering the number of mission critical features we need to build, we’ll come back to it later.

We currently only support Kind 1 events.

Well…we also support NIP-52 calendar events, but we’ve disconnected that for the time being because event organisers wanted co-hosts more than they wanted to broadcast their events on Nostr. We’re working on a way to reconcile the two. For now, post text & images. (Video coming soon).

Interest-centric onboarding.

We spent a lot of time building this. One of the key pillars at Satlantis is discovering people, places, events and content suited to you. As we dug down the personalisation rabbithole, we found that there is a resurgence of interest-selection in many apps: from Tinder to new apps like Locals and Timeleft. The more focused on personalisation the app is, the more in-depth the onboarding.

Of course Meta and TikTok do the best personalisation with their advanced ML & AI tools, along with their deep social graphs, but since we have neither (Nostr helps but it’s still very small), we needed a better way.

So we decided to build our interest-graph. It was brain-melting, but we developed a pretty exhaustive set of interests relevant to people in our target market. We then took that list and associated it to events, merchants, people, places, experiences, activities and content. We then built a whole new onboarding flow to capture this from new users, and associate it to their accounts. (Yes - at some stage, we’ll make this Nostr compatible so it can travel with nPubs)

The net result is a base layer of insight we can use to help surface things that are of interest to users. Whether it’s an event, a place to eat, a gym or sauna, content to engage with or people to meet: like magic, things that are relevant to you will come to you.

Of course, in the long term we will use your social graph and the way you interact with content to do this - more like Meta and TikTok do - but for now, while the social graph is tiny, this is the most efficient and effective way. 

Final word: the current version has all the interests - but it’s not very user-friendly. The latest design fixes that by grouping the interests into better subcategories. Keep an eye on that in a subsequent release.

New Merchant Discovery Experience.

This was also a monumental task. Our first merchant experience was just a shitty map with a list on web, and just a list on mobile (see below). This list was ranked by an “aggregate rating” we computed by analysing all the venue’s ratings from apps like Google, Trip Advisor and more.

We spent a long time trying to figure out how to display this better and do it in a way nobody else is, because seriously -can you think of a single food app or merchant map out there which has a nice UI or UX? No.

AirBnB transformed the UI & UX for accommodation and pushed the whole space forward. Nobody has really done it for every other kind of place you go to. So we took it up ourselves to fix this and create a proper “merchant discovery experience” with an information-dense location tile. Check this out:

Notice how we managed to get all the key information you need about a place there on the one tile, including who in your social circle has recommended it. That’s the key ingredient which makes Satlantis special. No more messaging friends or people you know “hey - have you been to that place” or “do you recommend that place”? 

One small issue here is that this upgrade will kill the map…but only for a couple weeks, until we release the new map view!

Merchant coverage

Our merchant app covers SIX distinct categories: 

1. Cafes & Restaurants

2. Health & Wellness (think Gyms, Spas, Saunas, etc)

3. Attractions (from Museums, to lookouts to beaches & hikes)

4. Grocery & Specialty Foods (think Organic food store, farmers markets, etc)

5. Coworking & Event Spaces

6. Nightlife (Bars, Clubs, etc)

We scoured the web for the best curated lists and directories for each of these categories. This in Bitcoin accepted (everything relevant from BTCMaps - because we’re also built on Open Street Maps, so it’s synced up), Seed Oil Free (everything from Local Fats & Seed Oil Scout is here), Michelin Star rated, Real Milk (Raw Milk directory) and more. 

Alongside all of these directories, our network of local ambassadors have submitted their top local picks for their favorite cities, so you have real local recommendations. 

The destinations with the best maps are currently Canggu, Uvita, Prague, Sao Paulo, Dubai, Florianópolis.

Suggest Places & Merchants

This is working quite nicely. Anyone, anywhere can now suggest their favorite merchant. For now, we’re manually approving submissions daily to avoid spam and irrelevant shit. In time, we’ll find a better way to do this. 

It’s all plugged into the Google API, so you can just type in the name of the place you think should be added (from mobile or web here). Once approved, our AI pipeline goes to work gathering all the available data from Google, TripAdvisor and elsewhere to set up the merchant profile, complete with review summaries, images, profile bio, contact details, opening hours, tags and more.

Got more upgrades to this flow in the works, but it’s ready for you to try out now.

City Pages

The current city pages are part of an outdated design which doesn’t fit our new visual language, but they are a ‘live’ feature. The original idea was to blend elements of Pinterest and Instagram but it backfired so we are changing to a more slick one-column feed. That being said, the core features of the city pages work. You can:

• Join a city (like joining a community or following the page)

• Post content on the city page

• Navigate over to the different available pages, including merchants, events, scores and stats + facts

We have 80 cities currently available. More to come.

Scores, Stats & Facts

When we set out to first build Satlantis, we wanted to improve on the information NomadList was presenting for cities & destinations around the world. So we developed a different approach for city scoring based not only on data we could get from Numbeo, etc - but also information direct from people on the ground - in particular; expats and locals. 

We put together a set of score categories and created a dedicated survey for select people to fill out, which would create some “foundation” scores, with a view to have this survey available to the crowd, perhaps via a score voting system or some sort on the page. We haven’t got that far yet. Right now, we have foundation scores for each of those 80 active cities, along with key Stats and Facts, like cost of living, wifi speed, water drinkability, and more:

This is not a core feature for us, so we will look to partner with other providers to enhance the experience, or we’ll completely re-think how we’re going to do it. Stay tuned for more here and let me know if you find it useful at all right now (or not).

Events

Last but not least, we have events! God dammit this was annoying because we built it NIP-52 compatible in the beginning, which then limited what we could do with co-hosts and other essential event features. And all for nothing since there are no other well built or maintained calendar-event clients on Nostr anyway.

So right now, when you post an event on Satlantis, it will post only on Satlantis. This means that as a host, you can edit, add co-hosts, add locations (proper merchant tiles) and delete.

We will make this Nostr-compatible again, most likely with some sort of button for hosts to “broadcast this event to Nostr” - knowing they will lose some flexibility once they do - but we need to do more research here. Maybe we’ll propose an upgrade to the calendar event NIP (or propose a new NIP altogether). It’s on our roadmap, so we’ll do our best to get to it soon. 

Meetup integration.

We’ve been working with the Meetup API to let organizers quickly import their events into Satlantis. It’s been frustratingly complex because of how archaic they are, but we got it working!

🚀 If you run a Meetup, and want to automatically have your events listed on Satlantis when you list them on meetup,reach out! We’ll even cover the Meetup membership fee for 10 meetup groups who set up auto-importing for their events. If you’re interested, reach out to us.

---

The Bad

These things are currently bad, broken, incorrectly built or buggy. Believe me, if the list was exhaustive, this essay would be a book (our internal list is very full) - so I’m just going to touch on the main things we’re aware of and will be fixing…or just letting it burn slowly while we put out other fires.

Personal content feed

We started Satlantis with a media-only approach, taking inspiration from Instagram. We changed course a couple months ago to support text only posts, realizing there were a lot of other things people would like to post about travel, for example: guides, restaurants, reviews, tips, events, instructions, recommendations.

So…we started supporting this on the feed, and in the “post content” flow - but of course, not yet supported in the Profile view (which is still an image grid). This means if you post text only, you’re not going to see your own post on Satlantis 🤣🤣

To fix this, we’re building a “personal feed” section on your profile. But…that will come after we polish some of the things above, so if you’re posting on Satlantis right now, photos please!!

Video content

This one hurts too. We currently neither render videos from other clients, nor do we support video uploads on Satlantis. Not because we don’t want to, but because we haven’t got to it. This is high on the priority list and will be fixed in the upcoming releases.

Settings & Edit profile

We forgot to add “edit username” 🤣 

This is being added now, along with a settings section where you can get your nPub and things like that. We’ll keep it very basic for now.

Notifications

Holy crap. These really suck. There is no other way to put it. The design is not great, the experience is buggy as hell and syncing notifications from the broader Nostr network doesn’t make life any easier. We’ll be making incremental improvements here (for a long time I guess).

Limited social graph functionality.

Right now, there’s not much social-dynamics beyond the feed. This will expand and begin to influence more than just content, but also merchants, events, people, activities, etc.

Speed issues.

Feed and profile loading times are sluggish and need performance improvements. Ongoing.

Large Destinations are problematic.

How do you rate a massive city like São Paulo as a single entity? Well….you can’t. Eventually, we’ll break major cities into regions, but that’s a big project for later. 

For now, when you see scores, stats and facts, assume we’re covering the most relevant traveler-friendly areas (e.g., Jardins in São Paulo, Palermo in Buenos Aires, etc).

---

The Ugly

There is really only one new ‘feature’ to complete before we apply a feature freeze and continue on to polish everything. This and the other items listed will be available in the next release or two, so that the overall experience is a little more…beautiful.

Chat.

We wanted to do NIP-17, but considering that (a) most of the major apps are still NIP-04, (b) BTCPrague is around the corner and (c) limited resources, we chose to do a NIP-04 implementation for this first version. Not ideal, but good enough. Chat will continue to improve, not only with a NIP-17 upgrade, but with other features like chat folders, group chats, GIFs and more.

Polish List

• Merchant Experience: Web and mobile updates

• Merchant List: More cool places being uploaded

• Events: New display, RSVP flow, co-host notifications, merchant integration

• Onboarding: Updated interests tags & flow

• Scores: Updates to Cost of Living & overall score weights

• Notifications: A lot of improvement here

• Feed: Text only posts, video uploads & rendering videos from other clients

• City Page: New design and functionalities

• Zaps: Yes. We will have Zaps.

---

Final Words

We have our work cut out for us!

We will be at BTCPrague in June and we are committed to releasing all of these features and components by then…as polished as possible.

The team and I have a couple of asks:

1. Download the app, and either create a new account or if you’re on Nostr, log in with your existing Nostr key (web requires an extension like Alby)

2. Go through the interests, and select those that are most relevant to you. The magic of the app happens as a function of how accurately you select those.

3. Post some content! Could be a photo introducing yourself or a “Good Morning” or whatever. Make sure you tag @Satlantis or @Svetski and I’ll boost you.

4. Check out the merchants in the top cities & see what’s around. The city with the most merchants right now is Florianopolis, but we have some coverage in many other cities 

5. If you run a meetup or attend a regular Bitcoin meetup, let the organisers know, and let’s start to bring meetups and events across. Not asking anyone to ‘leave’ meetup now, but come and sync up your account so events are auto-published. \ As we make the events feature more robust (and Bitcoin native), every Bitcoin meetup in the world is going to want to come use this. If you’re early, you can help us shape it!

6. Let a couple of friends know about the app - ideally those who are not yet on Nostr - and ask them to try it out. They can sign up with email or SSO if they’re afraid to store their own key.

7. Like I said in the beginning, at some point in the next month or so, it will become an invite-only app. We will grandfather all existing users in, but new people will need an invite code (from existing users or via codes I drop into release notes and articles) to access it. \ \ The goal of this approach is to (a) increase the quality of connection amongst people on Satlantis, and (b) try a new way of growing a Nostr-based app.

8. Finally…we’ve decided to do an equity crowdfund. So if you find what we’re doing interesting and want to be a part of it, you’ll have a chance from June onwards. More to follow on this in the coming weeks. It will be on Timestamp Financial - Bitcoin crowdfunding platform - so go check them out.

Thank you again for your attention - I do not take it lightly. This is just the start, so expect to see ALOT more from us in the way of updates and shipping (plus these updates will be shooter). 

Make sure you subscribe to this newsletter if you’re reading on Substack, or follow me if you’re on Nostr, Medium or wherever else you’re reading it.

Aleksandar Svetski

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When the app goes into “Invite Only” mode, you will need a special invite code to access it, unless you’ve already got an account. For now, it’s open access. 

If you're already on Nostr, you're already on Satlantis. Just use an extension to securely log in with your nSec (on web), or with your nSec on mobile.

@ eabee230:17fc7576

⚖️ຢ່າລືມສິ່ງທີ່ເຄີຍເກີດຂຶ້ນ ຮອດຊ່ວງທີ່ມີການປ່ຽນແປງລະບົບການເງິນຈາກລະບົບເງິນເກົ່າ ສູ່ລະບົບເງິນໃໝ່ມັນເຮັດໃຫ້ຄົນທີ່ລວຍກາຍເປັນຄົນທຸກໄດ້ເລີຍ ນ້ຳພັກນ້ຳແຮງທີ່ສະສົມມາດ້ວຍຄວາມເມື່ອຍແຕ່ບໍ່ສາມາດແລກເປັນເງິນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້ທັງໝົດ ຖືກຈຳກັດຈຳນວນທີ່ກົດໝາຍວາງອອກມາໃຫ້ແລກ ເງິນທີ່ເຫຼືອນັ້ນປຽບຄືດັ່ງເສດເຈ້ຍ ເພາະມັນບໍ່ມີຢູ່ໃສຮັບອີກຕໍ່ໄປເພາະກົດໝາຍຈະນຳໃຊ້ສະກຸນໃໝ່ ປະຫວັດສາດເຮົາມີໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ແລະ ເຄີຍຜ່ານມາແລ້ວຢ່າໃຫ້ຄົນລຸ້ນເຮົາຊຳ້ຮອຍເກົ່າ.

🕰️ຄົນທີ່ມີຄວາມຮູ້ ຫຼື ໃກ້ຊິດກັບແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານກໍຈະປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ເປັນສິນສັບບໍ່ວ່າຈະເປັນທີ່ດິນ ແລະ ທອງຄຳທີ່ສາມາດຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ເຂົາຍັງຮັກສາຄວາມມັ້ງຄັ້ງໃນລະບົບໃໝ່ໄດ້.

🕰️ໃຜທີ່ຕ້ອງການຈະຍ້າຍປະເທດກໍ່ຈະໃຊ້ສິ່ງທີ່ເປັນຊື່ກາງໃນການແລກປ່ຽນເປັນທີ່ຍ້ອມຮັບຫຼາຍນັ້ນກໍຄືທອງຄຳ ປ່ຽນຈາກເງິນລະບົບເກົ່າເປັນທອງຄຳເພື່ອທີ່ສາມາດປ່ຽນທອງຄຳເປັນສະກຸນເງິນທ້ອງຖິ່ນຢູ່ປະເທດປາຍທາງໄດ້.

🕰️ຈາກຜູ້ດີເມື່ອກ່ອນກາຍເປັນຄົນທຳມະດາຍ້ອນສັບສິນທີ່ມີ ບໍ່ສາມາດສົ່ງຕໍ່ສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້. ການເກັບອອມເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ດີ ແຕ່ຖ້າໃຫ້ດີຕ້ອງເກັບອອມໃຫ້ຖືກບ່ອນ ຄົນທີ່ຮູ້ທັນປ່ຽນເງິນທີ່ມີຈາກລະບົບເກົ່າໄປສູ່ທອງຄຳ ເພາະທອງຄຳມັນເປັນສາກົນ.
ໃຜທີ່ເຂົ້າໃຈ ແລະ ມອງການໄກກວ່າກໍ່ສາມາດຮັກສາສິນສັບສູ່ລູກຫຼານໄດ້ ເກັບເຈ້ຍໃນປະລິມານທີ່ພໍໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍໃຫ້ເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ຮັກສາມູນລະຄ່າໄດ້ແທ້ຈິງ.

🕰️ເຮົາໂຊກດີທີ່ເຄີຍມີບົດຮຽນມາແລ້ວ ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈິງໃນປະເທດເຮົາບໍ່ໄດ້ຢາກໃຫ້ທັງໝົດແຕ່ຢາກໃຫ້ສຶກສາ ແລະ ຕັ້ງຄຳຖາມວ່າທີ່ຜ່ານມາມັນເປັນແບບນີ້ແທ້ບໍ່ ເງິນທີ່ລັດຄວາມຄຸມ ເງິນປະລິມານບໍ່ຈຳກັດ ການໃຊ້ກົດໝາຍແບບບັງຄັບ. ຖ້າຄອບຄົວຫຼືຄົນໃກ້ໂຕທີ່ຍູ່ໃນຊ່ວງເຫດການນັ້ນແຕ່ຕັດສິນໃຈຜິດພາດທີ່ບໍ່ປ່ຽນເຈ້ຍເປັນສິນສັບ. ນີ້ແມ່ນໂອກາດທີ່ຈະແກ້ໄຂຂໍ້ຜິດພາດນັ້ນໂດຍຫັນມາສຶກສາເງິນແທ້ຈິງແລ້ວແມ່ນຍັງກັນແທ້ ເວລາມີຄ່າສຶກສາບິດຄອຍ.

fiatcurrency #bitcoin #gold #history #paymentsolutions #laokip #laostr

@ 005bc4de:ef11e1a2

Hostr

Hive + Nostr = Hostr, a bidirectional bridge.

Hostr is a bidirectional bridge between Nostr and Hive. What you post on one is automatically cross-posted to the other. (See SETUP.md if you want to jump right in and run it.)

This is experimental. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk.

Nostr and Hive have differences, mainly, Nostr is a protocol and Hive is a blockchain. Nostr does not have a token, although bitcoin is much-loved and used across Nostr. Hive has two main tokens: HIVE and the HBD stablecoin. More importantly, Nostr and Hive have similarities. Both are decentralized and censorship resistant thanks to users owning and controlling their own private keys.

Nostr users - why you might want to bridge to Hive

I feel the #1 reason a Nostr user might wish to use this bridge is to permanently store and chronicle your Nostr notes.

1. Immutability for your Nostr notes. Your notes on Nostr are held on relays; if they go away, your notes go away. (There was a “nosdrive.app” backup, however I do not believe it’s still working.) Hive is immutable. There is no "delete" and even an “edit” on Hive does not erase the original. Like with a wiki page, a Hive edit shows the most recent version, but the original still remains historically. This would give Nostr users a permanent record of their notes in chronological order.

2. Hive is an excellent long form blogging platform with stable and persistent links. Finding old Nostr notes can be difficult.

3. Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will bridge off of the Nostr island and be opened to 10-30,000 daily Hive users. Go to https://peakd.com/c/hive-133987 and look for “Hive statistics” to see numbers.

4. Earn rewards in HIVE and HBD. “Likes” on Nostr do not reward you monetarily, but every upvote on Hive yields rewards. For bitcoin maxis, these tokens can easily be swapped into sats with tools like the https://v4v.app web app, or others.

5. Help grow Nostr. Every note that bridges over to Hive will have a footer saying something like, “This note originated on Nostr,” with a link back to your Nostr note on njump.me. On that page, a "Join Nostr" button is prominent.

Hive users - why you might want to bridge to Nostr

1. Increase your reach and potentially gain followers. Your content will be bridged off the Hive island and be opened to 17-18,000 daily users. See https://stats.nostr.band for Nostr stats.

2. Earn bitcoin sats in the form of “zaps.” Nostr does not have a token. But, it has a strong culture of zapping (tipping) bitcoin satoshis to other users to reward quality content. Memes are loved and often zapped too.

3. Unlimited posting. Nostr is not held back by posting or activity limitations, such as with Resource Credits or community norms that frown on posting too often.

4. Even more censorship resistance. Hive is truly censorship-free in that posted content, no matter the content, does indeed posted. However, front ends can choose to show or not show content that the community has downvoted. Nostr is more free speech or censorship resistant...you post it, it's posted. (Relays can choose to relay it or not, accept it or reject it, but you could run your own relay.)

5. Help grow Hive. Every post that bridges over to Nostr will have a footer saying something like, “This post originated on Hive,” with a link back to your Hive blockchain post. This brings wider exposure to Hive.

Quirks about Nostr and Hive

If you’re unfamiliar with Nostr, it has a few quirks:

• You have one private key, called an “nsec”. It goes along with your “npub”, your public key. Your npub is your username, your nsec IS your account.

• You simply need an nsec, then a “client” which is a front end.

• You need to add “relays” to your client in order to connect. This is very easy, but how to do it depends on the client. Client's usually walk you through this when you start.
• Short form content (like the old "Tweets") are called kind 1 notes. Long form notes, like most Hive posts, are called kind 30023.

If you’re unfamiliar with Hive, it has more quirks:

• Hive has five private keys, yes, five. Each has a specific purpose. From least powerful to most powerful, they are: posting key (to post), active key (to move tokens), owner key (to do anything), memo key (to dm/pm), and backup/master private key (to totally restore all keys). Don’t worry about all the keys. For Hostr, we only deal with posting notes/posts, so the posting key is all we deal with.

• Hive has a culture of frowning on posting too often. Doing so can be seen as trying to milk the HIVE/HBD rewards that you gain from upvotes. Too much posting can be viewed as spamming and result in downvotes (this hurts your Web-of-Trust score, called “reputation” on Hive, and is shown alongside your username; you want to grow and keep your reputation up). The chain also has a 5-minute cool-down rule coded in: after posting, you cannot post for another five minutes.

• Additionally, to avoid spam, Hive actions burn “Resource Credits” or RCs. Think of RCs as the charge % in your phone battery. Every action on Hive uses RCs, so they dwindle with every use. Posting is high in RC cost. Bad news: if you run out of RCs, you’re unable to do things on Hive. Good news: RCs also recharge. If out of RCs, you can wait and then do things later. For the Hostr script, over-posting means the script will post until RCs are exhausted, then it will stall until RCs are recharged, post again, stall, etc. You can check your RCs in many places, such as a Hive explorer like https://hivescan.info and entering your Hive username. If you have RC issues, reach out for help.

You don't want to over-post on Hive. To avoid over-posting, Hostr has two versions of the script:

1. bidirectional-longform30023.js

   • Nostr ➡️ Hive - Listens only for kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes to bridge over to Hive. Kind 1 short form notes are ignored.
   • Hive ➡️ Nostr - Any Hive post over 380 characters gets truncated as a kind 1 (short form) Nostr note (with a link back to the full Hive post).

2. bidirectional-bridge.js

   • Nostr➡️Hive - This script listens for both kind 1 (short form) and kind 30023 (long form) Nostr notes and bridges both over to Hive.
   • Hive ➡️ Nostr - Same as above (380+ is truncated).

Which script version should I use?

1. If you post frequently on Nostr (more than 2 times per day?), the bidirectional-longform30023.js script is likely best. Per Hive community norms, you don't want to post too often on there. With this script version, only long form notes will bridge over from Nostr to Hive.
2. For newcomers to Hive, I would start with this script to be safe.

3. If in doubt, use this script.

4. If you post infrequently on Nostr (2 times per day or fewer?), the bidirectional-bridge.js (both kinds 1 and 30023) might work fine for you.

Nostr users - how to begin

You’ll need a Hive account. You can see sign-up options at https://signup.hive.io. Some options are free, others are not. I (crrdlx) have some free “VIP tickets” to sign up with and you are welcome to use one if you wish, see https://crrdlx.vercel.app/hive-vip-ticket.html. If the tickets there are already spent, contact me and I'll get you set up.

As with Nostr, the critical thing with a Hive account is saving your keys. Hive has multiple keys, just save them all. We’ll only use the “posting key” for the Hostr bridge, however. The other keys can be used on Hive if you wish. (For instance, the "active key" is used to handle your HIVE/HBD rewards earned, the "memo key" for private messages.)

Once signed up (and keys are safe), you can adjust your Hive account/profile using any Hive front end like https://peakd.com/username, https://ecency.com/username, or https://hive.blog/username. Just remember, every action on Hive burns RCs, keep an eye on that.

You can learn more about Hive at https://hivewiki.vercel.app if you wish.

See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.

Hive users - how to begin

You’ll need a Nostr account. Getting a Nostr "account" is nothing more than generating keys. A simple way to do this is at https://nstart.me If you wish to dig into details, take a look at http://nostrwiki.crrdlx.infinityfreeapp.com/doku.php?id=wiki:get-started

As with Hive, you simply need to safely store your private keys. On Nostr, your private key is called your “nsec” (sec, as in “secret”). Your public key is your “npub” (pub, as in "public"). Your nsec is all you need, but just so you know, your private key comes in two formats: (a) your nsec, and (b) the “hex” form (same key, just different forms). With the Hostr bridge, we’ll use the hex private key. Depending on how you join Nostr, your hex key may be given to you at sign up. But, even if it's not, you can always check back-and-forth between nsec and hex keys using a tool like https://nostrtool.com and choosing "Load a privkey from nsec/hex".

Again, just save your nsec and/or hex private key and you’re set.

You can learn more about Nostr at https://nostrwiki.vercel.app if you wish.

See the "Setting up..." section below to set up the bridge.

Setting up the Hostr bridge

To set up the bridge, see SETUP.md in the repo below. The Hostr bridge has a bit of technicals behind it, but don't get intimidated. Because technical things change, I’ll keep the technical how-to instructions housed at https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr

Disclaimer

This is an experimental bridge. Expect that there will be glitches, errors, and corrections to be made. So, consider it very beta, with no guarantees, and use at your own risk. Source code: https://github.com/crrdlx/hostr

---

Built with ❤️ by crrdlx

Connect on Hive: @crrdlx

Connect on Nostr: nostr:npub1qpdufhjpel94srm3ett2azgf49m9dp3n5nm2j0rt0l2mlmc3ux3qza082j

All contacts: https://linktr.ee/crrdlx

@ 55f04590:2d385185

Behind the scenes, a lot has happened over the past weeks.

The design of the book’s pages is nearly finished. I’ve selected and placed the illustrations and sketches I’ll feature and I’m close to finalising the Introduction section. All that’s left to do is a small photo shoot of some things from my archives, selecting one or two more articles for the Context section, and illustrating the articles.

After that I’ll print a dummy and kick off the second round of iteration—crossing T’s, dotting I’s. (And then I’ll cross those T’s and dot those I’s again and again because, surely, more things will arise.)

In parallel, and perhaps most importantly, I’m working on the design of the cover. I have a few ideas I’d like to discuss with the printer to learn more about the various possibilities and costs.

Book site

The book is now also available for pre-order through its own website, where you can pay for it in euros or dollars, if you prefer. BTC payments are still possible, too.

Originally I only offered one pre-order option that included rewards, like a print and a sticker pack. I’ve now named that the Collectors Edition, and added a separate option to order just the book (without additional rewards) at a reduced price. 

Once the book is out in the world, this site is where I’ll have it up for sale. I’ll make the articles and illustrations from the Context section available there too. They’ll be published, in their entirety, under the Creative Commons Share-alike license. 

Promo video

My friend Lilia shot and edited a short promotional video that provides a glimpse behind the scenes in my studio in Amsterdam, a peek at the book’s production process, and a sneak preview of the first spreads. While the process was new to me, this video was a lot of fun to make and I’m proud of the result.

Pre-orders

The total number of pre-orders has grown to 76—12 of which came through the new website. I initially thought I’d be selling 50 pre-orders at most, so things are definitely exceeding my expectations.

Feel free to place your pre-order through the new site, or use the Geyser crowdfund campaign to secure your copy.

Up next

In my next blog I’ll dive a little deeper into the technical side of the book. I’ll take you through the different kinds of paper I’ll use, the printing methods we’ll employ, and how the book will be bound and finished.

Keep your eyes peeled! Thomas

---

Previous updates

The NoGood art book announcement Update 01 – Humble beginnings Update 02 – Throwback Update 03 – Loops

Pre-order a book

The NoGood art book is available as a pre-order on book.nogood.studio, where you can pay for it in euros or dollars, if you prefer. BTC payments are still possible, too.

Alternatively, visit the Geyser crowdfund campaign to secure your copy.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/978096

@ 3d073b19:4ae60f39

Headings

Heading 1

Heading 2

Heading 3

Heading 4

Heading 5

Heading 6

Lists

Unordered List

• Item 1
• Item 2
• Subitem 2.1
• Subitem 2.2

Ordered List

1. First item
2. Second item
3. Third item

Mixed List

• Item 1

• Item 2

• Item 3

Links

OpenAI - A link to OpenAI's website. Markdown Guide - A comprehensive guide to Markdown syntax.

Images

- An example image with a title.

Blockquotes

This is a blockquote. It can span multiple lines. It is often used to highlight important information or quotes.

Code

Inline Code

Here is some inline code that demonstrates how to format code within a sentence.

Code Block

```python

This is a Python code block

def hello_world(): print("Hello, world!") ```

Emphasis

Bold

This text is bold. This text is also bold.

Italic

This text is italic. This text is also italic.

Strikethrough

~~This text is strikethrough.~~

@ a9434ee1:d5c885be

Colors as a fun and useful identifier

Nostr apps often use totally random colors for their default avatars, profiles names in chat bubbles, etc... That's a missed opportunity. Why don't we just we just derive a color from the npub and use that instead, interoperably across apps?

It gives us a fun and visual extra point of recognition, often without having to add anything extra to the UIs.

The only problem is that we cannot just allow for any color. The colors should be readable as text in Light and Dark modes and gray-scales should be avoided too.

This is the goal: Luckily, there's a super simple solution.
(which was used to derive the color above)

Deriving the Colors

You can find the simple spec here: nostr: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

TLDR: 1. Convert HEX pubkey to Int 2. Calculate the Hue value: Int % 356 3. Set Saturation to 0.92 for Hues between 216 and 273, use 0.72 for the rest 4. Set Brightness to 0.56 for Hues between 32 and 212, use 0.72 for the rest

Convert HSB color to whatever format you need. Done.

Easy & Fun to integrate!

@ bf47c19e:c3d2573b

Originalni rad

Apstrakt

Kriptovalute (engl. "cryptocurrency") su digitalne (virtualne) valute, koje iako su sredstvo razmene, još uvek nisu strogo regulisane zakonom u većini država, a u pojedinim su čak i zabranjene. Veliki broj ljudi, uključujući i IT stručnjake i programere ne znaju mnogo o ovoj temi, a šira javnost izjednačava pojmove blokčejna i bitkoina. Tržište kriptovaluta danas iznosi gotovo 770 milijardi dolara. Od pojave prvih digitalnih valuta do danas, nastalo je preko 1.300 aktivnih kriptovaluta koje se razlikuju prema svojim svojstvima i upotrebi. Pre bitkoina bilo je mnoštvo neuspelih pokušaja stvaranja digitalnih valuta (digikeš, heškeš, Fejsbuk kredit i dr.). Utopistička ideja da matematika i fizika mogu rešiti društvene probleme započela je svoj život kroz pojavu bitkoina. Genijalna ideja po kojoj funkcioniše bitkoin zasnovana je na tehnologiji blokčejna, čiji kapacitet doseže daleko iznad kripto valuta. Iako se još uvek vode polemike ko stoji iza pseudonima Satoši Nakamoto, njegova zaostavština ima potencijal da promeni svet. Uspeh bitkoina leži u prednostima koje ima u odnosu na druge slične valute, ali njegov značaj prevazilazi i pogodnosti koje je doneo. Banke nisu potrebne za čuvanje podataka o novcu, evidenciju o imovini i svakoj transakciji bitkoina čuvaju računari svih korisnika mreže u zajedničkoj bazi podataka blokčejnu. Sve transakcije su mnogo brže od bankarskih, bez taksi, uz drastično lakše plaćanje preko državnih granica. Bitkoin svojim korisnicima pruža bezbednosti bez identifikacije, iako blokčejn beleži transakciju, ne beleži ko stoji iza nje. U radu su predstavljeni osnovni principi na kojima su zasnovani bitkoin i druge kriptovalute, pojašnjen odnos između blokčejna i bitkoina.

1 UVOD

Ideal o novcu koji se ne oslanja na centralne institucije (koje mogu propasti, ali i koje vrše nadzor nad korisnicima), postojao je decenijama. U digitalnom svetu prvi ga je uobličio pisac naučne fantastike Nil Stivenson 1999. godine u svojoj noveli Kriptonomikon. On je opisao podzemni svet koji funkcioniše zahvaljujući digitalnom zlatu zasnovanom na kriptografiji, pri čijoj upotrebi korisnici ne moraju odavati ko su i šta su (Popper, 2016).

Kriptovalute (engl. cryptocurrency) su digitalne (virtualne) valute, koje iako su sredstvo razmene, još uvek nisu strogo regulisane zakonom u većini država, a u pojedinim su čak i zabranjene (Jovanović, 2014).

Da bi se razumeo nastanak i funkcionisanje kriptovaluta, neophodno je sagledati ih iz različitih uglova na kojima su one bazirane: matematici, sociologiji, ekonomiji, pravu i politici. To je verovatno i glavni razlog zbog koga veliki broj ljudi (uključujući i IT stručnjake i programere) ne znaju mnogo o ovoj temi. Takođe, šira javnost izjednačava pojmove blokčejna i bitkoina.

Sve kriptovalute su bazirane na jedinstvenom nizu brojeva za svaku jedinicu valute, koje korisnici mogu jedni drugima slati preko mreže. U prošlosti su se ti nizovi mogli lako kopirati i trošiti više puta, zbog čega nisu imali vrednost. Kriptograf Dejvid Čaum je taj problem rešio stvaranjem jedinstvene centralizovane knjige, u kojoj su se čuvale beleške o transakcijama svakog korisnika, čime ni jedna jedinica valute više nije mogla da se nalazi na dva mesta istovremeno (Bertlet, 2016).

Kriptovalute svoj nastanak duguju težnjama levo orijentisanih utopističkih posvećenika IT tehnologija koji su sanjali o univerzalnom novcu koji bi svako mogao da poseduje i troši, čija je vrednost onolika koliko su korisnici voljni da plate (na principu ponude i potražnje), ali pre svega na liniji fronta za onlajn anonimnost i slobodu, bez cenzure i nadzora. Pojavi bitkoina prethodio je Sajberpankerski manifest Done Haravej (Haraway, 1985) koji počinje rečima: „U elektronsko doba, privatnost je neophodan uslov za postojanje otvorenog društva“.

Kriptovalute su univerzalni novac koji se može koristiiti bilo gde u svetu, one su lako prenosive i teško se krivotvore.

Neki podaci pokazuju da tržište kriptovaluta danas iznosi gotovo 770 milijardi dolara. Od pojave prvih digitalnih valuta do danas, nastalo je preko 1.300 aktivnih kriptovaluta koje se razlikuju prema svojim svojstvima i upotrebi.

Prema odredbama Zakona o Narodnoj banci Srbije celokupni unutrašnji promet u Republici Srbiji izražava se u dinarima, osim ako nekim zakonom nije drukčije određeno. „Zakonom o platnom prometu propisano je da se poslovi platnog prometa obavljaju u dinarima, a Zakonom o deviznom poslovanju da se plaćanje, naplaćivanje i prenos između rezidenata i između rezidenata i nerezidenata u Republici Srbiji vrši u dinarima, a izuzetno se može vršiti i u devizama u slučajevima koji su propisani ovim zakonom“ (NBS, 2014).

Tržište kriptovaluta u Srbiji postoji, sve je veći broj rudara. Iako trgovanje kriptovalutama nije nelegalno, Narodna Banka Srbije - NBS je u više saopštenja navela da one ne predstavljaju zakonsko sredstvo plaćanja u Republici Srbiji. Takođe, zbog toga što ih ne izdaje centralna banka, NBS za korišćenje virtuelnih valuta, ulaganje u njih, kao ni za njihovu vrednost. Narodna banka Srbije je više puta upozoravala javnost da virtuelne valute ne predstavljaju zakonsko sredstvo plaćanja u Republici Srbiji (NBS, Politika – u vezi s bitkoinom, 2017).

Ukoliko kriptovalute promatramo kao novac onda njihove tranksakcije mogu biti upitne shodno Zakonu o sprečavanju pranja novca i finansiranja terorizma, gde je propisana obaveza preduzimanja radnji i mera za sprečavanje pranja novca, kao što su identifikacija stranaka koje trguju preko tih platformi, uzimanjem kopije ličnog dokumenta. Kako poslovanje platformi na kojima se vrše transakcije kriptovalutama nije zakonom regulisano u Republici Srbiji, a uglavnom ni u uporednom pravu, a čl. 552. Zakona o obligacionim odnosima Republike Srbije ((„Sl. list SFRJ“, br. 29/78, 39/85, 45/89 - odluka USJ i 57/89, „Sl. list SRJ“, br. 31/93 i „Sl. list SCG“, br. 1/2003 - Ustavna povelja) predviđa razmenu robe kao jedan od načina trgovine, otvara se put ka legalnoj trgovini kriptovalutama (Bubanja, 2017).

Praksa je pokazala da su se korisnici kriptovaluta kada su imali problem sa njima, obraćali vlastima i njihovim regulatornim telima, zbog čijeg su zaobilaženja i smišljeni. Nažalost, korisnici ne uživaju pravnu zaštitu čak i kada je reč o trgovini putem registrovanih privrednih subjekta.

2 BITKOIN

Prva decentralizovana kriptovaluta koja se pojavila je bitkoin (eng. „Bitcoin“). Termin bitkoin označava istoimenu organizaciju, softver i protokol, kao i jedinicu mere ove kriptovalute (skraćeno BTC) (Bertlet, 2016). Koncept na kome se zasniva bitkoin prvi put je predstavljen 2008. godine u članku "Bitcoin: A Peerto-Peer Electronic Cash System", a u januaru 2009. godine bitkoin je pušten u promet. Njegov tvorac nije poznat do danas i krije se iza pseudonima Satoši Nakomato. Novu vrstu digitalne kriptovalute formirao je tako što je stvorio distribuirani sistem verifikacije. Bitkoin nastaje u procesu koji se naziva „rudarenje“ (engl. mining). Njegova jedinstvenost je u tome što je decentralizovana valuta, iza koje ne stoji nijedna država, niti banka. Bitkoin je digitalna valuta, koja nastaje i čuva se elektronski. Kriptovalute u cilju maksimizacije bezbednosti, upotrebljavaju metod - dokaz o radu (engl. proofof-work), metod baziran na informacijama koje je teško stvoriti, ali koje ostalim učesnicima u rudarenju obezbeđuju laku proveru i verifikaciju transakcija.

Kriptovalute se čuvaju na bitkoin adresama za koje ključ predstavlja jedinstven niz slova i brojeva. Svaka transkacija bitkoinom se beleži u blokovima koji se zovu blokčejn. Transakcije se hronološki ređaju u blokove, u svakom se nalazi digitalni potpis prethodnog bloka, time se uređuje redosled i garantuje da novi blok može da se pridruži lancu samo ako počne na mestu na mestu završetka prethodnog. Jedan od osnovnih činilaca bezbednosti bitkoina je da se kopija svake izvedene transakcije beleži na svakom nalogu na kome je instaliran bitkoin softver. Blokčejnove neprekidno verifikuju računari svih korisnika softvera, tako sistem zna u bilo kom trenutku, koliko bitkoina svaki korisnik u svom novčaniku poseduje. Novčanik je program koji služi za slanje, primanje i skladištenje kriptovaluta. Digitalni novčanik sadrži prikaz količine kriptovalute koju korisnik poseduje, zapise o svim njegovim transakcijama, korisnički tajni ključ i njegove adrese (Bertlet, 2016). Novčanik je moguće instalirati na računar, mobilni telefon i tablet.

Falsifikovanje bitkoina nije moguće, jer iako vlasništvo može da se menja ono se ne može nikada duplirati (Bertlet, 2016). On je pseudoanoniman, bitkoin mreža čuva sve podatke o svakoj transakciji koja se dogodila unutar mreže. Svako ko ima bitkoin softver i adresu na bitkoin mreži, može videti koliko novca ima na mreži, ali ne i kome oni pripadaju. Za razliku od otvaranja računa u bankama, otvaranje bitkoin računa (adrese) je brzo, bez troškova i „papirologije“. Jedna od glavnih prednosti bitkoin mreže je brzina transakcija.

Svako ko snagu svog računara posveti verifikaciji transakcija u blokčejnu može biti „rudar“. To je proces dodavanja transkacija u registar svih bitkoin transkacija. Rudarenje čini rešavanje matematičkog algoritma za čije se uspešno rešavanje dobija određena količina bitkoina.

Iako bitkoin ima reputaciju nestabilnosti, velikih fluktuacija i nezakonitog poslovanja, čemu mnogi pridodaju i urušavanje tradicionalnog koncepta nacionalnih država, ipak većina se slaže u tome da je njegova pojava najvažnija nova ideja od stvaranja Interneta (Vigna & Casey, 2016).

Razloga za uspeh bitkoina ima više. Finansijska kriza povoljno je uticala na njegov razvoj, poverenje u postojeći finansijski ali i politički sistem je bilo poljuljano i brojni korisnici su u njemu prepoznali drugačije rešenje.

Anonimnost koju pruža prilikom transakcija jedan je od ključnih razloga njegovog uspeha. Prilikom digitalnog plaćanja bitkoinom u većini slučajeva nije potrebno davanje ličnih podataka. Ovakva vrsta anonimnosti, nažalost pogodovala je i usponu tamne strane upotrebe i popularnosti bitkoina u kriminalnim krugovima.

Računi u bitkoinu nisu opterećeni visokim bankarskim dažbinama.

Takođe, nije beznačajan ni potencijal plaćanja izdataka koji su manji od trenutnih ograničenja u konvencijalnim transakcijama na internetu (npr. naplata čitanja jednog novinskog članka ili preskoči reklamu, koji koštaju manje od 20 ili 30 centi kolika je najmanja transakcija) (Popper, 2016).

Kao što su svi učesnici na internetu povezani protokolima (TCP/IP, FTP, SMTP, HTTP i dr.) zahvaljujući kojima mogu međusobno da komuniciraju, bitkoin je stvorio svoje softverske protokole koji uređuju funkcionalna pravila upravljanja sistemom.

Bitkoin je omogućio novi način stvaranja, čuvanja i transfera novca.

Od svog nastanka bitkoin se unapređivao, podržan od internet zajednice, posebno od posvećenika slobodi interneta i anonimosti, mnogi od problema koji su uočeni su rešavani zajedničkim naporom internet zajednice.

3 BLOKČEJN

Blokčejn (engl. blockchain) nije samo bitkoin, on je tehnologija za koju mnogi predviđaju da će promeni svet (OECD, 2018).

Ukoliko bismo pojednostavljeno opisivali blokčejn mogli bismo da kažemo da je to nova vrsta baze podataka, iako bi to bilo pojednostavljeno objašnjenje slično kao kada bi smo imejl (email) opisali kao novi način za slanje pisama.

Iako blokčejn jeste nova vrsta baze podatka, to ne objašnjava u dovoljnoj meri genijalnost načina na koji funkcioniše.

Kada bilo gde i bilo kada položimo novac, oslanjamo se na zapis u bazi podataka treće strane, banke, firme i sl. Poverenje u banke zasnovano je na zakonu koji reguliše rad banke, poverenju u državu da će u slučaju propasti banke država nadoknaditi klijentima njihov ulog.

Kada plaćamo on line usluge ili vršimo neku drugu transakciju kreditnim karticama, poklanjamo poverenje kompanijama koje posreduju u našem plaćanju (Mastercard, VISA i dr.) koje za to uzimaju određenu materijalnu nadoknadu. Čak i prilikom tradicionalnih oblika plaćanja gotovinom u papirnom novcu, mi dajemo papir na kome je ispisana vrednost za koju prodavac veruje da će mu biti isplaćena (ili garantovana) od strane vlade koja ju je štampala. Digitalno plaćanje zbog prisustva trećih strana (banke, kreditne kompanije i dr.) uvek je bilo moguće pratiti. I kod plaćanja gotovinom klijenti veruju bankama i kreditnim kompanijama koje rukovode platnim karticama, da imaju pouzdane baze podataka. I vlade država veruju da banke i kreditne kompanije vode baze podataka koje su tačne i pouzdane.

Baze podataka sadrže mnoštvo ličnih podataka, od npr. medicinske dokumentacije u domu zdravlja koja sadrži važne informacije o nama i našem zdravstvenom stanju, kada smo i od koje bolesti bolovali, koje lekove smo koristili i sl. I druge baze podataka sadrže mnoštvo naših ličnih podataka koje su važne ne samo za nas, već i za državu, grad, privredu, druge građane itd.

Osim što omogućava anonimne i sigurne transakcije, blokčejn ima i potencijal da sačuva sve vredne informacije, od podataka o rođenim i umrlim, preko osiguranja, do katastara nepokretnosti, pa čak i glasova (Tapscott, 2018).

Sagledavši mogućnosti koji blokčejn nudi u transformaciji industrija i tržišta, povećanju transparentnosti i poverenja između građana, kao i olakšanom pristupu tržištu (uz bolju efikasnost transakcija), ali i rizicima koje sa sobom nosi, Organizacija za ekonomsku saradnju i razvoj - OECD organizovala je od 4. do 5. septembra 2018. godine Forum politike OECD-a za blokčejn. To je bila ujedno i prva glavna međunarodna konferencija na kojoj se razmatrao uticaj blokčejna na aktivnosti vlada i javnih prioriteta. Forum se bavio prednostima i rizicima blokčejna za ekonomiju i društvo, pokušajem određivanja adekvatnog regulatornog pristupa, kao i javnih politika prema blokčejnu.

Učesnici Foruma su diskutovali o mogućnostima globalnog ekonomskog uticaja blokčejna, njegovim implikacijama na privatnost i sajber bezbednost, upotrebi blokčejn tehnologija za povećanje inkluzivnosti, njegovoj upotrebi u promovisanju zelenog rasta i održivosti, kao i jačanju kapaciteta javne uprava i primene u praksi (OECD, 2018).

4 ZAKLJUČAK

Pre bitkoina bilo je mnoštvo neuspelih pokušaja stvaranja digitalnih valuta (digikeš, heškeš, Fejsbuk kredit i dr.). Uspeh bitkoina leži u prednostima koje ima u odnosu na druge slične valute, ali njegov značaj prevazilazi i pogodnosti koje je doneo.

Svaki korisnik bitkoina ima potpunu kontrolu nad novcem na svom računu (adresi), jedino osoba sa privatnim ključem može pristupiti bitkoinima na toj adresi. Banke nisu potrebne za čuvanje podataka o novcu, evidenciju o imovini i svakoj transakciji bitkoina čuvaju računari svih korisnika mreže u zajedničkoj bazi podataka blokčejnu. Sve transakcije su mnogo brže od bankarskih, bez taksi, uz drastično lakše plaćanje preko državnih granica.

Bitkoin svojim korisnicima pruža bezbednosti bez identifikacije, iako blokčejn beleži transakciju, ne beleži ko stoji iza nje. Zahvaljujući peer-to-peer komunikaciji i kriptografiji, povezivanje bitkoin transakcija sa osobom u stvarnom životu je veoma teško. To je u ujedno možda i njegova najveća mana, jer su oporezivanje i nadzor nad korisnicima krajnje teški.

Garancija vrednosti bitkoina osmišljena je po uzoru na plamenite metale kojih ima ograničeno u prirodi. Zbog toga je Satoši u kodu bitkoina odredio da ih ima maksimalno 21 milion, te da ukoliko bitkoin protokol ostane isti, poslednji bitkoin će biti izrudaren 2140. godine.

Do sada je izrudareno oko 17 miliona bitkoina, što znači da je ostalo 4 miliona, ili oko 19%. Do sada je bitkoin uspeo da prevlada sve krize koje su ga zahvatile (u više slučajeva nestajali su iznosi koji su dostizali i 400 miliona dolara). Kakva god sudbina bitkoina bila u budućnosti, njegova uloga se neće moći zanemariti, prvenstveno zbog toga što je zahvaljujući njemu iznedren blokčejn. Bez obzira na skepticima u vezi sa kriptovalutama, teško se mogu osporiti mogućnosti koje blokčejn pruža, pre svega u zaštiti baza podatka.

@ 9063ef6b:fd1e9a09

This article explores potential vulnerabilities in bitcoin that quantum computers might exploit in the future.

But to be clear: today’s quantum computers are still in early stages, many questions are unresolved, and they are not expected to pose a serious threat any time soon.

1. Why Quantum Computing Threatens Bitcoin

Bitcoin’s current cryptographic security relies on ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm). While this is secure against classical computers, a sufficiently powerful quantum computer could break it using Shor’s algorithm, which would allow attackers to derive private keys from exposed public keys. This poses a serious threat to user funds and the overall trust in the Bitcoin network.

Even though SHA-256, the hash function used for mining and address creation, is more quantum-resistant, it too would be weakened (though not broken) by quantum algorithms.

---

2. The Core Problem

Bitcoin’s vulnerability to quantum computing stems from how it handles public keys and signatures.

🔓 Public Key Exposure

Most Bitcoin addresses today (e.g., P2PKH or P2WPKH) are based on a hash of the public key, which keeps the actual public key hidden — until the user spends from that address.

Once a transaction is made, the public key is published on the blockchain, making it permanently visible and linked to the address.

---

🧠 Why This Matters

If a sufficiently powerful quantum computer becomes available in the future, it could apply Shor’s algorithm to derive the private key from a public key.

This creates a long-term risk:

• Any Bitcoin tied to an address with an exposed public key — even from years ago — could be stolen.
• The threat persists after a transaction, not just while it’s being confirmed.
• The longer those funds sit untouched, the more exposed they become to future quantum threats.

---

⚠️ Systemic Implication

This isn’t just a theoretical risk — it’s a potential threat to long-term trust in Bitcoin’s security model.

If quantum computers reach the necessary scale, they could: - Undermine confidence in the finality of old transactions - Force large-scale migrations of funds - Trigger panic or loss of trust in the ecosystem

---

Bitcoin’s current design protects against today’s threats — but revealed public keys create a quantum attack surface that grows with time.

---

3. Why It’s Hard to Fix

Transitioning Bitcoin to post-quantum cryptography is a complex challenge:

• Consensus required: Changes to signature schemes or address formats require wide agreement across the Bitcoin ecosystem.
• Signature size: Post-quantum signature algorithms could be significantly larger, which affects blockchain size, fees, and performance.
• Wallet migration: Updating wallets and moving funds to new address types must be done securely and at massive scale.
• User experience: Any major cryptographic upgrade must remain simple enough for users to avoid security risks.

---

4. The Path Forward

The cryptographers worldwide are already working on solutions:

• Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithms are being standardized by NIST, including CRYSTALS-Dilithium, Kyber, FALCON, and SPHINCS+.
• Prototypes and experiments are ongoing research networks.
• Hybrid signature schemes are being explored to allow backward compatibility.

Governments and institutions like NIST, ENISA, and ISO are laying the foundation for cryptographic migration across industries — and Bitcoin will benefit from this ecosystem.

---

References & Further Reading

• https://komodoplatform.com/en/academy/p2pkh-pay-to-pubkey-hash
• https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography
• https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/post-quantum-cryptography-current-state-and-quantum-mitigation
• https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Quantum_computing_and_Bitcoin
• https://research.ibm.com/blog/ibm-quantum-condor-1121-qubits
• https://blog.google/technology/research/google-willow-quantum-chip/
• https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/quantum/2025/02/19/microsoft-unveils-majorana-1-the-worlds-first-quantum-processor-powered-by-topological-qubits/
• https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/quantum-computing-aws-ocelot-chip
  ```

@ 95543309:196c540e

Lets see if this works with the blossom upload and without markdown hassle.

:cat:

https://blossom.primal.net/73a099f931366732c18dd60da82db6ef65bb368eb96756f07d9fa7a8a3644009.mp4

@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b

警惕：那些“帮你”保管密钥的人

—— 多签钱包中的隐形风险与逻辑陷阱

“我们可以帮您设置一个更安全的钱包。” 这句话，听上去就像是关心，其实却可能是一次有预谋的接管。

---

摘要

多签钱包被广泛视为提升数字资产安全性的“进阶方案”，尤其适用于不希望将所有信任寄托于单一点故障（如一把私钥）的人群。然而，在这些看似“民主化”、“抗单点失败”的技术结构背后，仍潜藏着极为隐秘且被低估的风险。

本文聚焦两类常见却高度隐蔽的逻辑攻击模型：

• 替换 xpub 并接管下一层级地址生成；
• 伪造 k-of-n 多签结构，在形式上给予用户参与感，实则实现单人提款。

在未引入 Taproot 的传统多签结构下，这类攻击已能轻易完成。而即便在 Taproot 和 MuSig2 合约模型下，攻击者也可以借助合成结构进一步隐藏其篡改行为。

本报告不仅梳理攻击逻辑，更强调“人性中的信任误区”——攻击者不需要主动索取密钥，只需要维持友善形象，自会有用户主动递交钥匙。更令人警惕的是，在某些极端场景下，这类“被信任的服务商”甚至可能向受害者收取“保管密钥”的费用后再实施盗窃，形成双重获利。

Taproot 虽然在结构上增强了隐私与复杂性，但也使验证逻辑失去了可直观还原的优势。随着时间推移、服务厂商退出市场乃至私有恢复流程被锁死，用户极可能落入无法恢复的“密钥黑箱”中。

阅读本文，希望你能意识到：

真正的安全，从不是托付给别人帮你“多签”，而是你真正理解你签了什么、和谁签的、签名之后将通往哪一个脚本。

---

多签钱包的逻辑攻击向量分析

以 xpub 替换与伪造 k-of-n 结构为例

---

攻击模型一：替换 xpub 实现地址劫持

场景设定

攻击者假扮为友好的钱包初始化服务者，主动提出“免费帮你生成一个更安全的多签钱包”。表面上，他为你设置了标准的 HD 多签结构，实际上却在关键的派生路径中，悄悄将本应由你或另一个可信方持有的 xpub 替换为他自己的。

在 HD 钱包结构（例如 BIP45、BIP67）中，用户通常无法直观验证每一个新地址是否仍属于原来的签名组。这种设计让“看上去很安全”的地址，可能早已成为攻击者可完全支配的提款口袋。

攻击结构（逻辑表示）

• 假设多签参与者为 P1, P2, P3
• 攻击者控制伪造者身份 P1'，实际替代掉用户的 P1
• 地址生成函数为：

Addr = f(xpub(P1'), xpub(P2), xpub(P3))

• 用户未验证 xpub 时，成立：

∃ Addr_i ∈ wallet, spendable_by(attacker)

换言之，钱包中的某些地址虽然看起来正常，但已可被攻击者花费。

人性陷阱提示

用户往往不认为“地址生成这件事”是需要人工检查的，特别是在使用 Ledger、Trezor 等硬件钱包时形成了“签名即安全”的错觉。而攻击者只需一次替换，就能悄悄监视整个钱包生命周期。

更重要的是，攻击者不需要向你“索取密钥”，他只需维持友善、专业甚至略带“为你好”的姿态。在 100 个用户中，总会有一部分人，在受到“信任感”与“他人看起来更专业”的影响下，主动提出将某个密钥托管给对方，甚至支付一定“密钥保管费”作为安全保障。这类行为并非愚蠢，而是人性的一部分。

这种松懈与依赖，背后深植着心理学上著名的「责任分散效应（diffusion of responsibility）」。当责任从“自己一人持有私钥”转变为“我们多人共同掌控”时，大脑会自动削弱“必须百分百保护密钥”的紧迫感；一旦密钥有三份或五份，人就会默认“即使我丢了一份也无所谓”，由此降低警惕，弱化加密习惯的执行力度。

尤其是在多签结构下，密钥不再是“唯一真理”。你开始认为：“我只是 n-of-m 的一员”，进而产生 安全责任稀释（safety dilution）。举个例子：如果你的 seed words 是唯一的，你很可能将其写在一张专用纸上，藏入防火袋，存放于密封保险箱中；但一旦你拥有的是 3-of-5 多签中的一份，你可能就只是把它存在 Evernote、存图于手机相册，或者发给自己 Telegram 备份——并自我安慰说：“这只是其中一把钥匙，又不怕。”

这正是攻击者渗透的最佳入口。他无需破解密码学算法，仅凭理解人性中的懒惰、依赖与责任下沉机制，就足以发起极具杀伤力的社会工程攻击。

提醒：没有人例外。你的安全不是由数学公式决定，而是由你是否对它持续保持敬畏与冷静判断所决定的。

---

Taproot 下的隐蔽性升级

在 Taproot + MuSig2 合约结构中：

• 合成公钥如：P = H(P1 + P2 + P3)
• 用户无法从地址推导出其组成
• 所有 pubkey 被掩盖，无任何可读性结构泄露

结果：攻击者替换某个 xpub 之后，哪怕是资深用户，也无法通过比对地址结构来发现任何异常。

---

攻击模型二：伪造 k-of-n 多签脚本结构

场景设定

攻击者承诺为你部署一个“非常安全”的 2-of-3 多签钱包。然而他实际创建的却是一个 1-of-3 结构，并诱导你保留或交出其中一个密钥。

用户一旦信任其脚本不可见性（或 UI 模糊性），资金注入该地址之后，攻击者即可单独提款。

攻击结构（逻辑描述）

• 正确脚本应为：

OP_2 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG

• 实际被构造为：

OP_1 <pk1> <pk2> <pk3> OP_3 OP_CHECKMULTISIG

• 用户错误地相信：

user_believes(k=2) ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → safe

• 但实际上：

real_k = 1 ∧ attacker_has(sk1) → attacker_can_spend

成立条件

• 用户未能验证 redeem script
• 钱包界面（UI 或 PSBT）未明确标识 k 值与脚本结构
• 攻击者拥有脚本定义权，或 UI 权限

人性陷阱提示

这类攻击往往并非“高技术”，而是利用用户对脚本结构的无感。尤其是当攻击者扮演“技术专家”时，用户往往不具备审查 redeem script 的能力或意识。攻击者甚至可以用“给你设置一个冷备密钥”作为幌子，骗取部分 key，并收取额外费用。

---

多签攻击模型对比分析（无表格）

• 攻击类型一：xpub 替换
• 本质：公钥注入
• 隐蔽性：极高（生成地址完全正常）
• 关键条件：用户未验证每个 xpub

• Taproot 是否能规避：否，反而更难发现

• 攻击类型二：伪造 k-of-n

• 本质：脚本结构欺骗
• 隐蔽性：中等（需查看 redeem script 才能识别）
• 关键条件：用户不懂脚本，UI 不展示结构
• Taproot 是否能规避：否，合约结构反而隐藏了更多细节

---

安全建议（基于当前攻击模型）

1. 强制在 UI 中完整展示所有 xpub、合成地址派生路径与对应签名人列表
2. 如 Coldcard 的二维码验证机制
3. 用户必须自行保存每个 xpub，并可验证任一地址确实源自该集合派生
4. 多签钱包必须提供可见 redeem script 的界面与 k 值校验提示
5. 不接受“帮你配置好了”的 UI 黑箱
6. Taproot 虽增强隐私，但也加剧验证障碍
7. 若使用合签结构，应避免依赖第三方界面进行签名决策
8. 始终优先使用硬件钱包本地签名流程，避免通过 Web 或中间服务生成交易

---

真实案例分析

1. Coldcard 硬件钱包的 xpub 替换漏洞

2021 年，安全研究员 benma 发现 Coldcard 硬件钱包在注册多签钱包时，未验证自身是否为多签钱包的一部分。这使得恶意计算机钱包可以用攻击者控制的 xpub 替换多签 xpub，同时仍通过所有用户验证。所有接收到此多签钱包的币随后可以随时转移到攻击者的钱包。
来源：benma.github.io

2. Bybit 交易所的多签钱包被黑事件

2025 年 2 月，Bybit 交易所的多签冷钱包在一次例行转账中被黑，损失约 14.6 亿美元。该钱包使用 2-of-3 多签设置，意味着需要三位授权签名人中的两位批准交易。用户界面显示了合法的目标地址，并且 URL 与受信任的多签提供商 Safe 相关联。但这是一种欺骗。黑客利用硬件钱包中的“盲签名”漏洞，使设备只能显示交易的哈希，从而掩盖了一个更改，使攻击者控制了钱包的智能合约。
来源：certora.com

3. Parity 多签钱包漏洞

2017 年，Parity 多签钱包版本 1.5+ 中发现了一个漏洞，允许攻击者窃取超过 150,000 ETH（约 3000 万美元）。攻击者向受影响的合约发送两个交易：第一个获取多签的独占所有权，第二个移动其所有资金。
来源：blog.openzeppelin.com

---

攻击流程图解

1. 建立信任：攻击者以技术专家或受信任的服务提供商身份接近受害者，提出帮助设置多签钱包。
2. 替换 xpub：在设置过程中，攻击者用自己控制的 xpub 替换原本应由用户或第三方控制的 xpub。
3. 生成地址：攻击者生成看似正常的多签地址，并展示给用户，用户未进行验证。
4. 资金注入：用户将资金转入这些地址，认为资金安全。
5. 资金转移：攻击者利用控制的私钥，单方面将资金转出，用户无法察觉。

---

参考文献

• benma.github.io — Coldcard 多签攻击漏洞
• certora.com — Bybit 多签合约欺诈分析
• OpenZeppelin Blog — Parity 多签历史漏洞复盘

---

结语：
记住，多签并不是让别人“帮你保管密钥”，而是你对每一层结构都心中有数。真正的“抗失误”结构，是你能自己验证它、重建它、拆解它——而不是让某个“专家”说它安全，你就信了。

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

What does it say about us that believers don’t listen as well as unbelievers? Let’s investigate some scripture verses and see what we can discover.

An Object Lesson:

Jesus warned His disciples several times that He would be killed and rise from the dead on the third day. Right after Jesus asked them who they thought He was and Peter replied that He was the Christ (Messiah), Jesus told them what would happen.

From that time Jesus began to show His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised up on the third day. (Matthew 16:21)

We know the disciples heard and understood what Jesus was saying because Peter immediately rebuked Jesus.

Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, “God forbid it, Lord! This shall never happen to You.” But He turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to Me; for you are not setting your mind on God’s interests, but man’s.” (Matthew 16:22-23)

You’d think that Peter would have this moment locked in his mind after being rebuked so harshly for questioning Jesus’s prediction of what would happen.

A while later, Jesus again told His disciples what was about to happen.

And while they were gathering together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men; and they will kill Him, and He will be raised on the third day.” And they were deeply grieved. (Matthew 17:22-23)

They again heard what was said because they were “deeply grieved.” They didn’t like what they heard.

Then a third time, as they were approaching Jerusalem, He made certain they knew what was coming:

As Jesus was about to go up to Jerusalem, He took the twelve disciples aside by themselves, and on the way He said to them, “Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem; and the Son of Man will be delivered to the chief priests and scribes, and they will condemn Him to death, and will hand Him over to the Gentiles to mock and scourge and crucify Him, and on the third day He will be raised up.” (Matthew 20:17-19)

The disciples should have known that Jesus’s crucifixion and death were not the end. He told them repeatedly that He would die and be raised from the dead on the third day. They should have been diligently waiting with expectation, but instead they immediately hid, gave up, and headed back to their old lives.

His female followers still cared enough to try to prepare Jesus’s body for burial, but even they did not expect Him to rise as He said.

The angel said to the women, “Do not be afraid; for I know that you are looking for Jesus who has been crucified. He is not here, for He has risen, just as He said. Come, see the place where He was lying. Go quickly and tell His disciples that He has risen from the dead; and behold, He is going ahead of you into Galilee, there you will see Him; behold, I have told you.” (Matthew 28:5-7) {emphasis mine}

Even when the woman came and told the disciples that they had seen Jesus as He had said, none believed them, although Peter and John did have a glimmer of hope and went to look for themselves.

In contrast, the Pharisees, the very people who hated Jesus so much that they fought to have Him crucified, remembered Jesus’s statements.

Now on the next day, the day after the preparation, the chief priests and the Pharisees gathered together with Pilate, and said, “Sir, we remember that when He was still alive that deceiver said, ‘After three days I am to rise again.’ Therefore, give orders for the grave to be made secure until the third day, otherwise His disciples may come and steal Him away and say to the people, ‘He has risen from the dead,’ and the last deception will be worse than the first.” Pilate said to them, “You have a guard; go, make it as secure as you know how.” And they went and made the grave secure, and along with the guard they set a seal on the stone. (Matthew 27:62-66) {emphasis mine}

The Pharisees acted in response to Jesus’s claims. The disciples ignored or forgot Jesus’s claims.

KNOW:

How often do we ignore or forget Jesus’s promises? How often do we despair when we should hold tightly to the promises given to us in the Bible? Are there times that our opponents, unbelievers, are better at quoting the Bible back at us than we are at using the Bible to defend the truth and our faith?

but sanctify Christ as Lord in your hearts, always being ready to make a defense to everyone who asks you to give an account for the hope that is in you, yet with gentleness and reverence (1 Peter 3:15)

We need to know God’s word so we can “give an account for the hope that is in” us. First we need to read the whole Bible. We can’t know who God is, what He has done, and what He commands for us without knowing God’s word.

After we have gotten the big picture by reading through the Bible once, we need to really get to know it well. This not only includes reading the Bible continually, but also include memorizing key verses, so we can bring them to remembrance when we need them.

Some people can repeat a verse multiple times and just know it. Some of us have trouble memorizing things. We have to go to extraordinary measures to memorize God’s word. Some techniques I have used:

• WHITEBOARD APPROACH:

• Write the verse on the white board.

• Read out loud.

• Erase one word. (You can underline where the word is if that helps you remember that a word goes there)

• Read out loud saying verse including missing word.

• Continue erasing words, one at a time, saying the verse until all of the words are gone.

• I haven’t used it personally, but Verse Locker was recommended by another substacker and seems to use a similar technique.

• MUSICAL VERSES:

• Make up a tune and sing the verse or put the verse to a tune you already know.

• If you aren’t good at making up songs, there are sites that have verses to songs, but I haven’t used them personally other than a few from Awana years ago.

• FIRST LETTER:

• Write down the first letter of each word of the verse you want to memorize This gives hints and helps you not accidentally miss words.

• I’ve also made a necklace (it was supposed to be a bracelet, but the verse, 1 Peter 3:15 above, I picked was too long) made of beads with the letters of the words of the verse. By wearing it, you have a reminder to memorize and rememorize the verse till it sticks stronger.

• This is my version of 1 Peter 3:15

  

• APPS:

• There are multiple apps that can help you memorize verses. 5 Best Bible Memory Apps for 2025

We are all different and have different learning styles. Pick the version that works best for you, but be intentional. For so long I wasn’t. Having a child with Down Syndrome in Awana who needed help led me to finding ways to help him and me to memorize the hundreds (or thousands) of verses that are required to finish the program. Keep in mind that you need to keep reviewing them or the memories will fade. The more times you memorize the verse, the longer it will stick with you. You just never know when you will need a Scripture verse and you may not have your Bible or phone (with Bible app) handy.

APPLY:

Knowing the Bible is critical for the Christian life, but knowing the Bible and God’s commands is not enough. We have to live according to this knowledge. We have to apply it in our lives. It needs to change the way we view the world and change the way we live our lives and interact with others.

for it is not the hearers of the Law who are just before God, but the doers of the Law will be justified. (Romans 2:13) {emphasis mine}

Our faith needs to be exhibited through action.

But someone may well say, “You have faith and I have works; show me your faith without the works, and I will show you my faith by my works.” (James 2:18) {emphasis mine}

There is nothing we need to do to be saved besides believe, but if we have saving faith, we should desire God’s word like the author of Psalm 119. Our lives should also change to be conformed to Jesus.

And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what the will of God is, that which is good and acceptable and perfect. (Romans 12:12) {emphasis mine}

There must be works as evidence of our faith.

You believe that God is one. You do well; the demons also believe, and shudder. But are you willing to recognize, you foolish fellow, that faith without works is useless? Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar? You see that faith was working with his works, and as a result of the works, faith was perfected; (James 2:19-22) {emphasis mine}

The disciples heard Jesus tell them what was going to happen to Him. They knew what He had said because they reacted to it negatively. The problem was they didn’t believe it and didn’t live according to Jesus’s plain words. As important as it is to read and understand the Bible, none of that matters if we don’t believe it and live it.

But I Can’t Do It Myself:

Jesus knew that we could not know and do what we were commanded to know and do, at least not in our own power.

Then He opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, and He said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ would suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, and that repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem. You are witnesses of these things. And behold, I am sending forth the promise of My Father upon you; but you are to stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.” (Luke 24:45-49)

Jesus not only sent the disciples (and all believers) out into the world to tell of what He has done for us, but He told the disciples to “stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.” Jesus told them to wait until they had received the Holy Spirit to guide and empower them in the work He had designed them to complete. We also have the Holy Spirit to change our hearts and minds, so we can fulfill the commandments and plans He has for us.

I’m sorry if this post had a little too much overlap with my last post, but knowing God’s word has become a passion of mine and it is where I felt led to go.

May the God of Heaven give you a hunger for His word, help you to understand His word, believe His word, and live His word. May your understanding of the word of God guide you in everything you think, speak, and do. May you never doubt God’s word or discount God’s word because it isn’t according to your preference. God bless you and keep you.

Trust Jesus.

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Helio (it's free and open source)
2. Download SoundFont files from various sources (see links below)
3. Launch the app and follow these steps to import SoundFonts:
   1. Tap Studio in the top bar, then select Orchestra Pit
   2. Tap Scan Common Plugin Folders, select SoundFont Player from the plugins found
   3. Tap SoundFont Player in the top bar, then Create New Instrument
   4. Select the new SoundFont Player instrument
   5. Tap SoundFont Player in the top bar, then Show UI
   6. Tap the folder icon and choose a downloaded SoundFont file
   7. Rename the instrument by tapping the first SoundFont Player in the top bar, then Rename
4. Tap Studio twice in the top bar, then Start A New Project
5. Choose a file location for the project and Save
6. Tap Track 1, choose Set Instrument, and select an instrument
7. Double-tap in the arranger to add a new note
8. Explore the interface and start composing

Some SoundFont Sources

• Musical Artifacts
• TriSamples

ℹ️ The Helio interface is unique and may require some time to get accustomed to

ℹ️ A SoundFont file (.sf2) contains a collection of audio samples

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install EtchDroid (it's free and open source)
2. Launch the app, then tap What's Supported? to check compatibility with devices and disk images
3. Insert the USB drive
4. Tap Write An Image, then select the desired image file
5. Tap Grant Access, confirm, and then tap Write image
6. Optionally, allow notifications to be notified when the process is complete
7. Your bootable USB drive is now ready

⚠️ This app has telemetry enabled by default. Make sure to turn it off in the app menu. If you trust F-Droid, you can get a telemetry-free version from there

⚠️ Avoid moving the phone during the image writing process

@ 9063ef6b:fd1e9a09

🎯 Goal

You want to: - Offer a self-hosted Zap address using your own domain - Forward payments to your Zeus Wallet (via Olympus LSP) - Combine NIP-05 and Lightning (Zaps) under one identifier

Important: - This setup enables receiving Zaps only. - Sending Zaps still requires the built-in Lightning wallet of the Nostr client.

---

🧩 Components Used in This Example

| Component | Function | |--------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| | GitHub Pages | Hosts your .well-known files | | Zeus Wallet (Olympus)| Receives the payments (Zaps) | | LNURL-Pay JSON | Forwards Zap requests to zeuspay.com | | NIP-05 Identifier | Your public Nostr identity address | | lud16 (Lightning) | Same address as NIP-05 for Lightning Zap receiving |

The following article describes the precondition of creating a nip-05 with custom domain:

nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzpyrraa4eymelf5xndvxcwxvvs8p7qxluxy0zvrk9rxmlat73axsfqq2nxw24wge47s2ydet4ykjlxfgyc62223y5xtdzydu

---

📁 GitHub Folder Structure

The GitHub folder structure must look like this. You extend the existing NIP-05 setup by adding a folder lnurlp with one file:

.well-known/ ├── nostr.json # For NIP-05 └── lnurlp/ └── petermuster* # For LNURL-Zap

*For example, if your Lightning address is petermuster@zeuspay.com, name the file petermuster (no file extension is needed).

---

📄 Content of .well-known/lnurlp/petermuster

Open the terminal on your linux/mac and run:

bash curl https://zeuspay.com/.well-known/lnurlp/petermuster

Copy the result into a text editor, clean it up and save it into a file named petermuster with this format:

json { "callback": "https://zeuspay.com/api/lnurl/pay/petermuster", "metadata": "[["text/plain","Self-custodial LN address powered by ZEUS. Hodl invoice will settle when user comes online within 24hrs or you'll be refunded."],["text/identifier","petermuster@zeuspay.com"]]", "tag": "payRequest", "minSendable": 1000, "maxSendable": 612000000000, "allowsNostr": true, "nostrPubkey": "3943rjfoijdlakfjo0afsdafasfasfdsadklnfaksdfjljewopqjweilj", "commentAllowed": 600, "zeusPayPlus": true }

---

📝 Nostr Profile Configuration

Make sure your Nostr profile links both your nip05 and your Lightning address like this:

json { "nip05": "petermuster@mydomain.com", lightnisadress (lud16): "petermuster@mydomain.com" }

---

⚠️ Privacy / Info Leaks

| Field | Leak? | Explanation | |-------------------|-------|-------------| | maxSendable | 🟡 Minor | Indicates the user can accept up to 6.12 BTC. This is not your balance, it shows just you use ZeusPay Plus. | | metadata | 🔵 Editable | You can remove ZEUS branding for more privacy | | nostrPubkey | 🔵 Public | This is your public key, no issue | | callback domain | 🟡 Yes | It reveals you're forwarding to zeuspay.com | | Custody | 🟢 No | You're using Zeus in non-custodial mode |

---

✅ Benefits of This Setup

| Advantage | Description | |----------------------------------------|-------------| | Unified Identity | One address for both NIP-05 and Lightning Zaps | | Less dependency on the client | No need to use or register a Lightning wallet in the Nostr client | | Direct payment to your node | Sats go directly to your Zeus wallet via Olympus LSP | | Easily switch payment backend | You can change the real LNURL backend later without changing your address | | Future-proof | You can later self-host your own LNURL backend |

---

⚠️ Open Question

• How can I send Zaps from my Zeus Wallet (NWC or direct) to a nostr article or post?

  If this won't be possible in the future, receiving-only setups lose a lot of value.

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

🧠Quote(s) of the week:

'Bitcoin is a high-IQ, low-time-preference asset in a world addicted to DoorDash, dopamine, and debt. Holding Bitcoin requires patience, conviction, and the ability to not panic when CNBC tells you it’s dead for the 47th time. That rules out, oh, I don’t know - 95% of the population? This isn’t some egalitarian revolution. This is a cognitive filter disguised as a monetary network. The rich, the strategic, the elite - those who understand volatility as an opportunity - will stack the hardest asset on Earth while the masses beg for interest rate cuts and $600 stimmies to buy groceries they can't afford.

It's not a level playing field. It's a time-preference war, and Bitcoin is the scoreboard. And every cycle, we watch it happen again. The media ridicules it, the politicians fear it, and the smart money buys more. While fiat punishes savers and rewards financial nihilism, Bitcoin inverts the whole structure. It’s a vault for those who can delay gratification, think generationally, and understand that true wealth is preserved rather than printed. The game isn’t rigged. It’s just calibrated for adults.' - Adam Livingston

'Bitcoin is an extremely simple thesis. If you think governments will stop debasing and debanking: number go down. If you think they won’t stop debasing and debanking: number go up'- Alex Gladstein

Something to ponder on.

🧡Bitcoin news🧡

On the 28th of April:

➡️Hunter Horsley: 'Bitcoin at $94k, yet — Google searches for "Bitcoin" near long-term lows. This hasn't been retail-driven. Institutions, advisors, corporations, and nations have come into the space. The types of investors buying Bitcoin are expanding.'

➡️Daniel Batten: 'Cambridge has just released their updated report on Bitcoin mining. For the first time, their report shows that most (52.4%) of the Bitcoin network is now powered by zero-emission energy sources (up from 37% in their last report).

Here's a summary of their findings:

https://x.com/DSBatten/status/1916903476610650202

You can read the full report here

➡️Arizona’s Bitcoin Reserve bill (SB 1025) just passed the House and now heads to the desk of Governor Katie Hobbs. However, Governor Hobbs has vowed to veto any legislation until a budget impasse over funding for disability services is resolved.

On the 29th of April:

➡️Bitcoin Archive: 'South Korea's ruling party to approve spot Bitcoin ETFs, scrap restrictive banking crypto rules, and introduce crypto-friendly framework THIS YEAR, if it wins the June election.'

➡️President Trump's Executive Director says there is a "space race" amongst countries to accumulate Bitcoin: "We view Bitcoin as digital gold."

➡️U.S. to "turbo-charge" Bitcoin mining growth by allowing Bitcoin miners to build power plants and data centres near natural gas fields - Howard Lutnick, Commerce Secretary

➡️Japanese clothing company ANAP Holdings Inc. bought 35 Bitcoins worth $3.3 million. ANAP now holds 51.7 BTC, joining Japan’s growing corporate Bitcoin treasury movement.

➡️Semler Scientific adds 165 BTC for $15.7M, bringing total holdings to 3,467 BTC. The company reports a 23.8% BTC yield year-to-date.

➡️The Bitcoin hashrate has already surged over 17% since the start of the year.

➡️'This shattered a major myth for me: gold production isn’t slowing down—it’s accelerating. According to NYDIG, annual gold mining has been steadily increasing over time, about 1.6% per year, thanks to better extraction technology. In fact, 2024 saw a 1% year-over-year increase, setting an all-time high in gold output (World Gold Council). So why do so many still believe the outdated narrative that gold is becoming harder to find? The truth is: gold is effectively unlimited in supply—we just get better at digging it up. If that surprises you, you're probably not nearly bullish enough on Bitcoin.' - Robert Hefner https://i.ibb.co/JWCHndQk/Gpu-W9-R1-Xw-AAiy-Cv.jpg

On the 30th of April:

➡️The Bank of Italy identifies Bitcoin as an emerging risk factor with concerns for the financial system.

"The strong growth of Bitcoin and other crypto-assets with high price volatility means risks not only for investors but also potentially for financial stability, given the growing interconnections between the digital asset ecosystem, the traditional financial sector, and the real economy,”

Tell me you are scared of Bitcoin without telling me you are scared of Bitcoin.

➡️4 major wirehouses managing $10 TRILLION to start offering Bitcoin ETFs to clients this year, says BitWise CIO Matt Hougan. Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, Wells Fargo, and UBS are coming to the party.

➡️Roswell, New Mexico, becomes the 1st United States city to launch a strategic Bitcoin reserve.

➡️BlackRock’s Bitcoin ETF IBIT has hit 600,000 BTC!

➡️Semler Scientific bought 165 Bitcoins worth $15.7m. They now hold 3,467 BTC on their balance sheet.

➡️Bitcoin News: 'El Salvador is still buying Bitcoin despite an IMF loan deal that required it to stop. Economy Minister Maria Luisa Hayem confirmed ongoing accumulation, calling Bitcoin “an important project” and a key asset for both the government and private sector.'

➡️New whales are buying Bitcoin faster than ever before!

➡️'ZachXBT says the $330M Bitcoin theft involved an elderly U.S. victim targeted by social engineering. The stolen 3,520 BTC were laundered through six exchanges and swapped into Monero, triggering a 50% price spike due to thin liquidity.' -Bitcoin News

On the 1st of May:

➡️North Carolina Bitcoin Reserve Bill has passed the House! This bill enables state retirement funds to invest up to $ 13 B.

➡️Tether’s latest attestation states the company holds $7.6 billion in Bitcoin.

➡️Europe's largest Bitcoin treasury company, The Blockchain Group, aspires to hold 1% of the total Bitcoin supply by 2033.

➡️FiatHawk: 'Central banks create fake money to buy real gold, and we’re supposed to pretend this isn’t theft. The game is rigged. Their paper is trash. Gold knows it. Bitcoin ends it. Stop believing the lie.

https://i.ibb.co/mrBZtY5P/Gpl4kl-ak-AA-xv-D.png

When the debt bubble collapses, only sound money with zero counterparty risk matters. Currently, sound money is less than 5% of debt money, and Bitcoin is so tiny it is barely visible on the chart. Stay humble and keep stacking.' https://i.ibb.co/QF0Vf9k8/Gpu-CCIWa-YAAng1-U.png

On the 2nd of May:

➡️ Regarding the whole OP_Return debate.

Grok: ++Key Points: ++ * The OP_RETURN debate in Bitcoin centers on whether its blockchain should store data beyond financial transactions, with ongoing controversy. * It began in 2010 with concerns about blockchain bloat, intensified in 2014 with the "OP_Return Wars," and continues today. * Research suggests the debate reflects a balance between Bitcoin's monetary purpose and potential for broader applications like Dapps. * Compromises, like setting a 40-byte limit in 2014, aimed to address concerns but didn't fully resolve tensions, influencing platforms like Ethereum.

++Background++ OP_RETURN is a Bitcoin script opcode allowing small data storage in transactions, useful for timestamping or Dapps, but raising concerns about blockchain bloat.

++Historical Context++

The debate started in 2010 with the BitDNS proposal, where Satoshi Nakamoto worried about scalability, leading to Namecoin. It peaked in 2014 with Counterparty's use, leading to a 40-byte limit compromise, later adjusted to 83 bytes by 2016.

++Recent Developments++ By 2018-2019, high OP_RETURN usage (20% of transactions) sparked fee debates, but usage has since declined, though data remains, with recent 2023 controversies over size limits.

If you are interested in Bitcoin, then you should check out the following video.

Great video from @GrassFedBitcoin explaining the current OP_RETURN situation. The choice isn’t between bloating the UTXO set or increasing OP_RETURN, it’s whether we normalize spam or we reject it. Is Bitcoin for data storage or financial transactions? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15biQH1H140 Every Bitcoiner needs to see this! Vires in Numeris.

A great counterargument by Seth for Privacy:

https://x.com/sethforprivacy/status/1919003009880616976

Personally, I tend to agree with Seth.

To sum it up:

If you are running a node, you should switch from Core to Knots immediately. It's very straightforward, and you don't need to redo the initial block download.

If you arent running a node you are a leech and need to get your shit together.

➡️Tether CEO defends skipping MiCA, calling EU stablecoin rules “very dangerous.” Ardoino: “The European Central Bank is more interested in pushing the digital euro to control people and how they spend their money.”

On the 3rd of May:

➡️Arizona Governor Katie Hobbs has vetoed the state’s Strategic Bitcoin Reserve legislation after it was passed by the House and Senate. She states: “Arizonans’ retirement funds are not the place for the state to try untested investments like virtual currency.”

Apparently, the Arizona State Retirement System already holds 53,097 shares of MSTR. You can’t make this shit up.

➡️Vitalik Buterin: 'One of the best things about Bitcoin is how simple it is. This simplicity has lots of benefits. Let's bring those benefits to Ethereum.' Almost like Bitcoin is eh......(checks notes)......better tech. Just use Bitcoin, dumbfuck! 'It's only taken a decade, but Ethereum's creator is having an inkling that he never should have created Ethereum, which destroyed billions of precious capital and instead focused on Bitcoin.' - Vijay Boyapati

There is no second best!

On the 4th of May:

➡️Eli Nagar:

Heads up, Bitcoin holders: The EU will ban anonymous crypto accounts by July 2027. Every transaction above €1,000 will need your ID. Privacy is becoming extinct. Every new restriction is a marketing campaign for Bitcoin. “Hi, we’re the EU. We’ll surveil you, control your money, and criminalise privacy.” By doing that, they have decided to help promote the black market...great work, EU! Oh, and remember, the EU can't ban what it has no control over: hold your own private keys.

➡️Cumulative inflows into the Bitcoin ETFs have hit a fresh ATH of $ 40.62 B.

On the 5th of May:

➡️Brown University invested $4.9M in Bitcoin via BlackRock's IBIT, as disclosed in a recent SEC filing. The university owns 105K IBIT shares ($5.8M), 2.3% of Brown's reported $216M equity holdings.

➡️Strategy acquires 1,895 BTC for $180.3 million at an average price of $95,167 per bitcoin. As of May 4, 2025, they hold 555,450 BTC acquired for $38.08 billion at an average price of $68,550 per bitcoin.

💸Traditional Finance / Macro:

On the 3rd of May:

👉🏽Berkshire Hathaway cash pile hits record $347.7bn in 1Q as Warren Buffett sells stocks for 10th quarter in a row. Buffett is still raising cash. https://i.ibb.co/1GK6Dvzx/Gq-Bp6q-BW4-AAKKlm.jpg

🏦Banks:

👉🏽 No news

🌎Macro/Geopolitics:

On the 27th of April:

👉🏽World central banks are diversifying their reserves: Foreign holdings of Treasuries as % of US government debt have fallen to ~23%, the lowest in 22 years. The percentage is down ~11 percentage points over the last 9 years. At the same time, gold holdings as a % of global international reserves have hit ~18%, the highest in 26 years. The share has risen by ~8 percentage points since 2015. China has been one of the biggest buyers of gold over the last few years. Since the beginning of 2023, China’s gold reserves as a % of total foreign reserves have doubled to 7.1%.

Everyone wants gold. https://i.ibb.co/NgX11DZh/Gp4-GKc-HWMAAa-FYu.jpg

On the 28th of April:

👉🏽TKL: 'Tariffs are hitting American meat exports.

China's cancellations of US pork shipments are skyrocketing: China cancelled shipments of ~12,000 metric tons of US pork last week, the most since the 2020 pandemic, when global supply chains were halted. As a result, overall US pork export sales dropped to their lowest level since October, according to Bloomberg. This comes as American pork imports to China now face a massive 172% tariff. This includes the duties first imposed during the 2018 trade war.'

On the 29th of April:

👉🏽The U.S. Treasury will now need to borrow $514 billion this quarter, an increase of 320% from its previous estimate.

On the 30th of April:

👉🏽'Bad news for electricity consumers: despite 84 hours of negative pricing (2024: 62 hours), the average electricity price in the Netherlands in April was €75/MWh — nearly 30% higher than a year ago.' - Martien Visser

https://i.ibb.co/VsrFdKy/Gps0l-Au-Xs-AA20-OA.png

👉🏽Tax cuts for the rich lead to higher income inequality. However, they do not have any significant effect on economic growth or unemployment. Empirical evidence for advanced economies over 1965-2015:

https://academic.oup.com/ser/article/20/2/539/6500315?login=false

Trickle down never worked.

👉🏽"Since February 2020, home prices have increased 45%," according to Zillow So has the broad money supply. Not your house is getting more expensive; The money is getting devalued.

Money supply= +40%

Median home= +40%

Experts: "What could have ever caused this????"

And some freaking guru on Instagram or Tiktok is trying to convince you to get his/her 'buying/renting a house' course. https://i.ibb.co/bMXfW3vp/Gp0-CXg-Ka-YAAIhq-J.jpg

👉🏽SUMMARY OF US Q1 GDP REPORT: 1. The U.S. economy contracted at an annual rate of -0.3% in the first quarter, compared to expectations for an increase of 0.2%. That’s down from the growth of 2.4% in Q4. 2. Real consumer spending rose by 1.8% Y/Y, after increasing 4.0% in Q4. 3. The GDP Price Index rose 3.7%, above estimates of 3.1%. 4. Core PCE Prices rose 3.5%, after increasing 2.6% in Q4.

• Key Takeaway: Fears of stagflation are growing as the economy grinds to a halt and inflation ticks higher. - Jesse Cohen

👉🏽World debt has now officially crossed $300 TRILLION, and still continues to climb aggressively. This will not end well…

https://i.ibb.co/Kxm2bJs6/Gpyi-Ouwa-YAEDg-Pq.jpg

👉🏽'March PCE inflation, the Fed's preferred inflation measure, FALLS to 2.3%, above expectations of 2.2%. Core PCE inflation FALLS to 2.6%, in line with expectations of 2.6%. February Core PCE inflation was revised up to 3.0%. All eyes are on the Fed next week.' - TKL

🎁If you have made it this far, I would like to give you a little gift, well, in this case, two gifts:

Smitty's Bitcoin Retirement Guide:

"Helping you develop a better Bitcoin stacking target for life planning." - Sminston With This is a fantastic tool. Very, very useful. I will keep mentioning it. Bitcoin is a savings vehicle. Period!

https://x.com/sminston_with/status/1917605539279954391

The best kind of retirement starts in diapers and ends in diapers, so start now. https://i.ibb.co/4RwFxR0W/Gpys-GQga-YAIxm-MX.jpg

nofinancialadvice

Credit: I have used multiple sources!

My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly.

Use the code SE3997

Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀ ⠀

⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀

Do you think this post is helpful to you?

If so, please share it and support my work with a zap.

▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

⭐ Many thanks⭐

Felipe - Bitcoin Friday!

▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install Squircle (it's free and open source)
2. Launch the app, tap the ⁞ icon and select Settings
   • Configure your Git credentials as needed
   • Add any remote servers under Cloud & Servers
3. Return to the editor view and enjoy your mobile IDE

ℹ️ To clone a Git repository, tap ☰, long-press a directory in the file tree, and choose Clone

ℹ️ You may want to use it alongside Termux, a terminal emulator and Linux environment

@ 6d8e2a24:5faaca4c

North American nations have been at the forefront of Bitcoin adoption; however, Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa have recently emerged as leaders in Africa.

There’s an increasing acceptance of Bitcoin on the African continent. More businesses, individuals and even financial organizations are using cryptocurrency to transact as an alternative to traditional banking systems. With the economies of the continent experiencing a lot of currency instability, poor banking infrastructure and exorbitantly priced remittances, Bitcoin is coming up as a viable solution financially. Analyzing Bitcoin price trends is crucial for investors, traders and businesses in Africa who want to implement digital assets in their operations.

The Impact of Bitcoin on the African Economy

North American nations have been at the forefront of Bitcoin adoption; however, Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa have recently emerged as leaders in Africa. Peer-to-peer cryptocurrency trading across the continent reached over $100 billion in 2023, making Africa one of the fastest-growing markets for blockchain technology, according to a report by Chainalysis. Several factors that fuel this growth include:

⚪ Less Dependable Fiat Currency : Zimbabwe and Nigeria have poor liquidity currencies, which makes it prudent for citizens to invest in Bitcoin to minimize losses due to devaluation over time.

⚪ Payments for Foreign Worker Remittances: Bitcoin is useful for relocating payments since it eliminates the need for using bitcoin remittance centers that charge ridiculous fees for payment processing.

⚪ Financial Inclusion : A large portion of the African population does not use banks. This makes bitcoin an ideal alternative, as it offers a decentralized and unbanked-friendly option for conducting transactions.

How Bitcoin’s Price Trends Affect the African Market

Businesses and individuals’ activities with bitcoin are directly proportional to its price trends and different nations have different ways through which they analyze this. Take Nigeria, for instance, where the e-commerce platform Patricia and several local sellers on Jumia have had to change their prices multiple times a day to keep in line with the fluctuating value of bitcoin. This has led to the platform’s volatility driving the pricing strategy of freelancers and remote workers who are paid in bitcoin and the currency has to be converted before being spent. As investor sentiment increases, so too does Bitcoin’s value, reaching 71,333 dollars in April of 2024, according to estimates from CoinMarketCap. The volatility, however, remains high and so there is a lot of uncertainty for African investors and businesses hoping to capitalize on the price movement.

Amongst the factors that impact the price movement of bitcoin, these are the most significant:

⚪ Global Adoption and Institutional Investments: An increase in spending by corporations leads to a higher demand and price for bitcoin.

⚪ Regulatory Changes : The law about cryptocurrency in different African countries is a vital influencer of regard and value for bitcoin.

⚪ Market Speculation and Trading Activity: The volatility of Bitcoin's price remains dependent on investor sentiment, especially in the emerging markets.

African Governments and Cryptocurrency Regulation

The policies for regulating Bitcoin are different in various countries in Africa. While countries like South Africa and Kenya are skeptical but working towards adjusting their policies to incorporate cryptocurrency into their economies, other nations remain hesitant. The following is a summary of the most important changes:

⚪ South Africa: The Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) offered more structured regulations by classifying crypto assets as financial products. This is a notable development towards more stringent regulations.

⚪ Nigeria: The Central Bank of Nigeria has previously restricted banks from supporting the facilitation of crypto transactions but is in the process of allowing it due to newly offered licenses to cryptocurrency exchanges, which under certain guidelines allow them to conduct regulated crypto activities.

⚪ Kenya: The Capital Markets Authority is seeking ways to regulate the security features of Bitcoin to enable it to reduce fraud. Bitcoin’s Impact on E-commerce and Small Businesses in Africa

With the rise of cryptocurrency acceptance, small-scale businesses and e-commerce businesses are increasing the option of paying for goods and services in Bitcoin. Businesses can reduce costs by:

⚪ Decreased Transaction Fees: Payments made using Bitcoin are usually cheaper than those made through credit cards. For example, some merchants in Ghana are beginning to use Bitcoin to bypass high fee payment processing, increase their profit margins and improve overall business profitability.

⚪ Reduced Transaction Delays: Banking transactions processed through the blockchain do away with delays associated with traditional banking.

⚪ Access to Global Markets: Businesses in Africa have no issues engaging with foreign clients because there is no currency conversion needed.

For instance, Yellow Card is a cryptocurrency exchange that operates in several countries in Africa and allows the trading of Bitcoins. In 2024, Yellow Card received more compliance approvals, which allowed the business to serve more than 20 countries in Africa. It now stands as a central player in the regional ecosystem of crypto. The platform allows businesses or individuals to transact efficiently with Bitcoin.

Challenges and Risks of Bitcoin Adoption in Africa

Unlike the advantages, there are several challenges regarding the adoption of Bitcoin in Africa:

⚪ Regulatory Uncertainty: The considerable flux of policies is difficult for businesses and investors to navigate, although some countries are beginning to put clearer policies into place, such as South Africa and Nigeria. As an example, Nigeria has plans to regulate the exchange of digital assets and put some control over it through the issuing of licenses for crypto exchanges, which are expected to be released in 2024.

⚪ Price Volatility: Changes in the price of Bitcoin can affect savings and transactions for businesses.

⚪ Limited Infrastructure: Internet and computer skills are primary requirements for greater acceptance.

Conclusion

Bitcoin is increasingly becoming a key component of Africa’s financial ecosystem by providing banking services or alternatives, facilitating financial remittances and supporting inclusion. Experts expect that Africa will increasingly adopt Bitcoin as a major tool of payment and remittance service across borders and for digital financial transactions. This will be the case if the regulations supporting its growth are put in place. While price volatility and regulatory challenges persist, knowing how prices behave and the developments within the Bitcoin ecosystem will help investors and businesses understand the new economy Africa is adopting. Africa indeed has the chance to use strategic adoption of technology to improve economic development and innovation through Bitcoin if action is taken.

2025Content from a Premium Partner InfoWire https://allafrica.com/stories/202503240689.html

@ 9967f375:04f9a5e1

El insigne mendocino Juan Fernando Segovia falleció en el día de la festividad de Nuestra Señora de Luján, fecha significativa no sólo por ser la Patrona ríoplatense, sino además, anecdóticamente, porque cuando conocimos al profesor en tierras mejicanas tlaxcaltecas, escuchando la Santa Misa en la catedral (oficiada por el P. José Ramón García Gallardo); en un altar lateral coronandolo se encuentra una imágen de la Virgen muy parecida a la advocación, al hacerlo notar al profesor, la contempló sonriente y con mucha Fe. Este breve hecho significativo, sin duda fundamentó la labor abierta de Juan Fernando Segovia de ser fiel apóstol intelectual por los pueblos hispánicos, pues no sólo vino a compartir su sabiduría política, jurídica y moral, además de su genial convivencia con los asistentes en una, sino en las tres ediciones de las Conversaciones de la Ciudad Católica de Tlaxcala, haciendo notar la sinrazón de la cerrazón propia del nacionalismo (sin importar el apellido que le acompañe). Los Círculos Tradicionalistas de toda la Nueva España (cuyos buenos frutos son en gran parte obra de la labor incansable, conferencias presenciales y virtuales, libros y artículos de revistas para la conformación y formación continua de sus miembros), lamenta el vacío por la partida del maestro Juan Fernando Segovia.

Que Cristo Rey, a quien fielmente sirvió durante su vida, le dé el descanso eterno.

(Juan Fernando Segovia al centro, junto al P. José Ramón García y el matador Jerónimo Ramírez de Arellano en Tlaxcala, 2018).

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

• lumilumi The Nostr Web Client.

Lightweight modes are available, such as not displaying icon images, not loading images automatically, etc.

• Long Form Content Editor A lightweight Long Form Content Editor with editing functionality for your articles. It supports embedding Nostr IDs via NIP-19 and custom emoji integration.

• nostr-share-component Demo

• Nostr Follow Organizer

Follow List ( kind3 ) organization tool.

• NAKE NIP-19, NIP-49 Encode/Decode Tool
• chrome extension
• firefox add-on
• nostviewstr

Addressable or Replaceable Event Editor ( いろんなリストエディター )

• luminostr

Addressable or Replaceable Event Recovery tool ( いろいろリカバリーツール )

• Nostr Bookmark Recovery Tool

Bookmark event ( kind:10003,30001,30003 ) recovery tool ( ぶくま復活させたいやつ )

• Profile Editor

プロフィールを編集するやつ - nostr-bookmark-viewer

Bookmark event ( kind:10003,30001,30003 ) Editor ( ぶっくまーくをみるやつ )

• Nostr Note Duplicater

Broadcast an event from relay to relay ( イベントをブロードキャストするやつ )

• もの画像サイト

• いろいろbotサイト

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Someone asked for my thoughts, so I’ll share them thoughtfully. I’m not here to dictate how to promote Nostr—I’m still learning about it myself. While I’m not new to Nostr, freedom tech is a newer space for me. I’m skilled at advocating for topics I deeply understand, but freedom tech isn’t my expertise, so take my words with a grain of salt. Nothing I say is set in stone.

Those who need Nostr the most are the ones most vulnerable to censorship on other platforms right now. Reaching them requires real-time awareness of global issues and the dynamic relationships between governments and tech providers, which can shift suddenly. Effective Nostr promoters must grasp this and adapt quickly.

The best messengers are people from or closely tied to these at-risk regions—those who truly understand the local political and cultural dynamics. They can connect with those in need when tensions rise. Ideal promoters are rational, trustworthy, passionate about Nostr, but above all, dedicated to amplifying people’s voices when it matters most.

Forget influencers, corporate-backed figures, or traditional online PR—it comes off as inauthentic, corny, desperate and forced. Nostr’s promotion should be grassroots and organic, driven by a few passionate individuals who believe in Nostr and the communities they serve.

The idea that “people won’t join Nostr due to lack of reach” is nonsense. Everyone knows X’s “reach” is mostly with bots. If humans want real conversations, Nostr is the place. X is great for propaganda, but Nostr is for the authentic voices of the people.

Those spreading Nostr must be so passionate they’re willing to onboard others, which is time-consuming but rewarding for the right person. They’ll need to make Nostr and onboarding a core part of who they are. I see no issue with that level of dedication. I’ve been known to get that way myself at times. It’s fun for some folks.

With love, I suggest not adding Bitcoin promotion with Nostr outreach. Zaps already integrate that element naturally. (Still promote within the Bitcoin ecosystem, but this is about reaching vulnerable voices who needed Nostr yesterday.)

To promote Nostr, forget conventional strategies. “Influencers” aren’t the answer. “Influencers” are not the future. A trusted local community member has real influence—reach them. Connect with people seeking Nostr’s benefits but lacking the technical language to express it. This means some in the Nostr community might need to step outside of the Bitcoin bubble, which is uncomfortable but necessary. Thank you in advance to those who are willing to do that.

I don’t know who is paid to promote Nostr, if anyone. This piece isn’t shade. But it’s exhausting to see innocent voices globally silenced on corporate platforms like X while Nostr exists. Last night, I wondered: how many more voices must be censored before the Nostr community gets uncomfortable and thinks creatively to reach the vulnerable?

A warning: the global need for censorship-resistant social media is undeniable. If Nostr doesn’t make itself known, something else will fill that void. Let’s start this conversation.

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

The second round of the NBA Playoffs is historically weird. We'll try to figure out what's going wrong for all three of the presumed contenders. Which of the other East teams need to be considered contenders now? With how bad the Warriors look without Steph (just how underrated is he?), do the Warriors still have any chance?

In Blok'd Shots, we'll talk about the NHL Star who got traded midseason and then beat his former team in the playoffs.

There was a big trade in the NFL. Plus, @grayruby wants to start a media beef with Colin Cowherd.

The MLB introduced a new stat. I have no idea what it is, but I'm looking forward to trying to understand it live on air.

And, of course, lots of contest and betting updates.

What do you want us to talk about?

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/975474

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

test

@ ba3b4b1d:eadff0d3

https://img.freepik.com/premium-photo/unveiling-hidden-dimensions-minds-eye_889056-29604.jpg

A noção de que a consciência é holográfica — comparável a uma miragem ou a uma bolha reluzente — oferece uma maneira simples e profunda de compreender a mente, a alma e a vida. Este conceito, enraizado em sabedorias antigas como o budismo e ecoado na ciência moderna, sugere que a consciência resulta da interação entre a mente e um meio, tal como um holograma surge do entrelaçamento de feixes de luz. A introdução de dibbacakkhu, o “olho divino” da tradição budista, enriquece esta visão, conectando a percepção transcendente dos sonhos e da consciência à clarividência espiritual. Vamos explorar, combinando as suas analogias (água como antena, consciência como bolha) com clarificações e a relação com dibbacakkhu.

1. Consciência como Holograma

A consciência assemelha-se a um holograma: uma projeção tridimensional criada pela interferência de dois feixes de luz — um de referência e um refletido. Num holograma, estes feixes convergem para formar uma imagem que parece real, com profundidade, mas é intangível. Da mesma forma, a consciência é uma projeção da mente, não uma entidade física, mas uma experiência vívida que parece sólida. O termo sânscrito vijnana (consciência) reflete esta ideia como uma “luz perturbada” — uma interação dinâmica que gera uma realidade ilusória, semelhante a uma miragem. Esta perturbação é estruturada, como a luz coerente num holograma de laser. A mente é a fonte desta luz, projetando uma “bolha” de consciência, enquanto a água, como meio, facilita o processo, tal como uma placa fotográfica capta uma imagem holográfica. Analogia: Imagine a mente como uma gota de água com sabão. Sopre-lhe espírito, e surge uma bolha iridescente. Esta bolha é a consciência: bela, efémera e produto de uma interação. Tal como a bolha depende do ar e da película de sabão, a consciência requer a mente e um meio para se manifestar.

2. Água como Meio (A Antena da Vida)

A água é a “antena” que conjura a consciência, graças à sua estrutura molecular — dois átomos de hidrogénio e um de oxigénio (H₂O). A sua polaridade e rede de ligações de hidrogénio permitem-lhe armazenar e transmitir informação, como uma antena que capta um sinal de rádio. Esta propriedade torna a água essencial para a manifestação da vida, unindo espírito e matéria. A “quarta fase da água” de Gerald Pollack, ou água estruturada (zona de exclusão), reforça esta ideia. Perto de superfícies hidrofílicas, a água forma uma fase gelificada com propriedades elétricas e óticas únicas, que podem facilitar processos biológicos e, possivelmente, a interface entre mente e corpo. Na sua analogia, a água é a “geometria incomensurável” que sintoniza o sinal da alma na rádio do corpo. Analogia Refinada: Pense numa estação de rádio a emitir uma melodia (a alma) pelo éter. O sinal está em todo o lado e em lado nenhum, mas precisa de uma antena para ser ouvido. A água é essa antena — uma molécula simples que capta o sinal da alma, permitindo que a música da vida ecoe no corpo.

https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/public/journals/585/article_252151_cover_en_US.jpg

3. Sonhos, Dibbacakkhu e o Olho da Mente

Os sonhos são vívidos porque são projeções holográficas do “olho da mente”, um conceito que você ligou ao termo polinésio dbaku (olho celestial) e que ressoa com dibbacakkhu no budismo. Dibbacakkhu, ou “olho divino”, refere-se a uma visão clarividente que transcende os sentidos físicos, permitindo perceber realidades além do mundo material — como outros reinos, seres desencarnados ou eventos distantes. Nos sonhos, experimentamos uma versão desta visão: caminhamos por mundos completos sem olhos físicos, porque a mente projeta a sua própria realidade. Dibbacakkhu conecta-se à ideia de que a consciência holográfica não depende de órgãos sensoriais. No budismo, esta visão é um dos poderes espirituais (iddhi) alcançados através da meditação profunda, revelando a natureza ilusória da realidade (maya). Nos sonhos, todos nós acedemos a uma forma rudimentar deste “olho divino”, criando cenários que parecem mais reais que qualquer filme, porque a mente gera a sua própria luz e espaço. Esta capacidade é semelhante à percepção de seres desencarnados, que “veem” sem olhos físicos, usando uma consciência metafísica. Clarificação: O olho da mente, ou dibbacakkhu, não é um órgão literal, mas a faculdade da mente de projetar realidades autónomas. Em termos gregos, noos (intelecto divino) e, em sânscrito, citta (consciência pura) apontam para esta visão transcendente. Os sonhos são o laboratório da mente, onde dibbacakkhu se manifesta espontaneamente.

4. Consciência Transcendente vs. Existencial

Há duas formas de consciência: transcendente (noos, citta), que é eterna e ilimitada, e existencial, ligada ao corpo e temporal. A consciência transcendente é como um sinal de rádio, existindo independentemente de qualquer recetor. A consciência existencial surge quando este sinal se manifesta no corpo, como uma música que toca numa rádio. Quando o corpo morre, a consciência existencial termina, mas o sinal transcendente persiste. A água é o meio que possibilita esta união, atuando como uma antena que capta o sinal da alma. As suas propriedades, como a estruturação descrita por Pollack, tornam-na ideal para mediar entre o eterno e o temporal, ecoando ideias antigas, como as do Timeu de Platão, onde um terceiro elemento harmoniza espírito e matéria. Analogia: O corpo é uma rádio, frágil e temporária. A alma é o sinal, eterno e omnipresente. A água é a antena, sintonizando o sinal para criar a transmissão fugaz da vida. Desligue a rádio, e a música para, mas o sinal continua, pronto para outra antena.

5. Posse como Vulnerabilidade

<https://112.wpcdnnode.com/houseofbhakti.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/budha-being-tempted.jpg>

A posse ocorre quando uma “cavidade” no estado psicofísico de uma pessoa permite que uma entidade externa se instale, como um intruso numa casa desprotegida. Esta vulnerabilidade pode surgir de traumas (ex.: uma experiência de quase-morte), instabilidade emocional ou práticas espirituais arriscadas que “abrem uma janela”. A entidade, com maior força de vontade, pode dominar, coexistindo com a alma original, mas assumindo o controlo. A água, como meio da união mente-corpo, pode estar envolvida. Se os sistemas baseados em água do corpo (ex.: hidratação celular, bioeletricidade) forem perturbados, o “sinal” da alma pode enfraquecer, criando espaço para interferências. Analogia: O corpo é uma casa, a alma o proprietário. Se deixar a porta destrancada — por trauma ou descuido — um intruso pode entrar. Não é o dono, mas pode controlar a casa, a menos que tranque as portas com equilíbrio mental e espiritual.

6. Síntese: A Simplicidade da Natureza

Estas ideias são simples, mas profundas. A holografia cria espaço com luz, a consciência é uma bolha projetada pela mente, a água é a antena que conjura a vida, os sonhos revelam o dibbacakkhu, e a posse é um intruso evitável. Conceitos antigos como vijnana, noos, citta e dibbacakkhu alinham-se com a ciência moderna, como a água estruturada de Pollack, mostrando que a natureza é elegante na sua simplicidade.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ถ้าย้อนกลับไป 50 ปีก่อน ถ้าเฮียถามคำนี้กับลุงชาวนาคนหนึ่ง เขาคงหัวเราะแล้วตอบแบบไม่ต้องคิดว่า “ก็เจ้าของที่นาไงไอ้ทิด จะมีใครล่ะ?”

แต่พอมาในวันนี้ ถ้าเฮียถามคำเดิมในซูเปอร์มาร์เก็ต คงไม่มีใครกล้าตอบแบบนั้นอีกแล้ว เพราะแค่ในชั้นวางโยเกิร์ตเดียวกัน เฮียอาจเห็นยี่ห้อต่างกัน 10 ยี่ห้อ แต่ทั้งหมดอาจเป็นของบริษัทแม่เพียงเจ้าเดียว

ในศตวรรษที่ 21 อาหารไม่ใช่ของคนทำอาหาร แต่มันกลายเป็นของ บริษัทผู้ครอบครองข้อมูล พันธุกรรม และระบบการกระจายสินค้า โลกวันนี้ไม่ได้มีเกษตรกรล้อมวงเคี้ยวหมาก แต่มีบริษัทเทคโนโลยีจับมือกับนักลงทุนระดับโลก ถือครองเมล็ดพันธุ์ เป็นเจ้าของสิทธิบัตรจุลินทรีย์ในลำไส้ และมีอำนาจเสนอว่า “อาหารแบบไหนควรได้รับเงินสนับสนุนจากรัฐ”

บริษัทเทคโนโลยีในซิลิคอนแวลลีย์บางแห่ง ไม่ได้แค่ผลิตซอฟต์แวร์อีกต่อไป แต่เริ่มทำ "อาหารจากโค้ด" โปรตีนสังเคราะห์ที่ได้จากการแทรกยีน หรือแม้แต่ “อาหารจากคาร์บอนในอากาศ” ที่สร้างโดย AI เขาไม่ได้ปลูกข้าว แต่เขาเขียนสูตรให้เครื่องจักรสร้างอาหารในถัง

ใครมีสิทธิบัตร…คนนั้นคือเจ้าของ ใครควบคุมข้อมูลสุขภาพ…คนนั้นคือนายทุนแห่งความหิว และใครสามารถชี้นิ้วให้รัฐบาลเปลี่ยนนโยบายอาหารโรงเรียน…คนนั้นคือเจ้าของอนาคตของเด็กทั้งประเทศ

มันฟังดูเวอร์ใช่ไหม? แต่ลองดูดี ๆ…ใครเป็นเจ้าของฟาร์มหมู ฟาร์มไก่ โรงฆ่าสัตว์? หลายแห่งไม่ได้เป็นของชาวบ้านอีกต่อไป แต่เป็นของเครือบริษัทยักษ์ใหญ่ที่อยู่เบื้องหลังทั้งอาหารในซูเปอร์ และเม็ดวิตามินในกระปุกเฮียด้วย

ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น เจ้าของตัวจริงไม่ได้อยู่ในร้านของชำ แต่ซ่อนตัวอยู่ในบอร์ดบริหารบริษัทเกษตรข้ามชาติ ในเวทีประชุมเศรษฐกิจโลก และในห้องประชุมที่ตัดสินว่า “อาหารจากวัว” ควรถูกเก็บภาษีคาร์บอนเพิ่มหรือไม่

เมื่อก่อนเฮียเคยคิดว่า ถ้าเราปลูกผักเอง ก็คุมอาหารตัวเองได้ แต่พอระบบเริ่มขับไล่เมล็ดพันธุ์ดั้งเดิมให้สูญพันธุ์ ถ้าไม่มีใบอนุญาตปลูกพืช GMO หรือไม่มีเงินซื้อปุ๋ยจากบริษัทเดียวที่ยังอยู่รอด เกษตรกรจะเป็นเจ้าของอะไรกันแน่?

และคำว่า “อาหารอิสระ” ในยุคนี้ อาจไม่ใช่แค่การไม่พึ่งพาซูเปอร์ แต่มันคือ “การตื่นรู้ว่าใครเป็นคนจัดเกม และใครเป็นคนตั้งกฎ”

เพราะในยุคที่ทุกอย่างแปรรูปเป็นดิจิทัล แม้แต่อาหารก็อาจมีเจ้าของเพียงไม่กี่ราย และสิ่งที่น่ากลัวกว่าผูกขาด…คือการ “ผูกอนาคต” ของเราทั้งมื้อ

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ c9badfea:610f861a

1. Install LibreTorrent (it's free and open source)
2. Search for torrents on various sources (see links below)
3. Copy the torrent's 🧲️ Magnet Link
4. Open LibreTorrent, tap the + icon, and select Add Link
5. Paste the magnet link and tap Add
6. The app will display the torrent's details and files; tap the ✓ icon to start the download

Some Sources

• FMHY
• The Pirate Bay
• Torrends
• 1337x

ℹ️ Magnet links start with magnet:?

ℹ️ Tapping a magnet link usually opens LibreTorrent automatically

⚠️ Using a VPN is strongly recommended

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

Using a discussion style post to get better formatting on the nostr cross-post.

The Fed Leaves Fed Funds Rate at 4.5% as Economic Storm Clouds Gather

by Ryan McMaken

The Fed is now hemmed in by a rising risk of stagflation. It doesn’t know where the economy is headed, or is unwilling to take a position. At this point, “hope for the best” is Fed policy.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/975059

@ 1c19eb1a:e22fb0bc

If you haven't noticed already, #Nostr is a little different from what most people are used to. One of the ways this is felt most acutely is with media hosting. Users are accustomed to uploading their images and videos directly through the app they are posting from. Many Nostr apps provide that same experience nowadays, but it wasn't always the case.

Just a couple years ago, users had to find somewhere to host their media separately, and then copy and paste the URL into their note whenever they wanted to share their cat pictures. One of the first, if not the first, media hosting services specifically intended for Nostr was nostr:npub1nxy4qpqnld6kmpphjykvx2lqwvxmuxluddwjamm4nc29ds3elyzsm5avr7, which will be the service we are reviewing today.

Like our previous review of Amber, Nostr.Build is a service for users to pair with other Nostr apps. You won't generally use nostr:npub1nxy4qpqnld6kmpphjykvx2lqwvxmuxluddwjamm4nc29ds3elyzsm5avr7 by itself. Rather, you'll use it to host that incredible shot you want to post to #Olas, or to host screenshots for your long-form tutorial about setting up Nostr Wallet Connect that you'll be posting from #Habla.news, or for hosting a hilarious video of your cat falling asleep to nostr:npub1cj8znuztfqkvq89pl8hceph0svvvqk0qay6nydgk9uyq7fhpfsgsqwrz4u's voice and taking a tumble off of his favorite perch that you want to share on #Damus. However, there are some features within Nostr.Build that you may want to check out quite apart from using it with any other Nostr app.

Overall Impression

Score: 4.8 / 5

I have been impressed by Nostr.Build for some time now, but they have pulled out all the stops in their latest update, increasing their maximum file size for free accounts to 100MB, integrating the #Blossom protocol, adding the ability to share directly to Nostr from within your dashboard, and more integrations with other Nostr apps than ever before. Nostr.Build is simply a pleasure to use, whether through their web interface, or through another Nostr app that integrates with them.

With the ability to easily organize your media, view statistics, browse the media gallery of free uploads, metadata removal for increased privacy, and AI image generation, Nostr.Build is not simply a media hosting service, it is a full-fledged media management platform. Its robust features keep it well ahead of other Nostr-focused media hosting options available, and a particularly strong option for those using Blossom and wanting redundancy and reliable uptime for their media.

As much as I enjoy using the web interface, though, where Nostr.Build really shines is their integrations with other Nostr apps. These integrations allow users to have the same experience they are accustomed to from centralized social platforms of uploading their media from within the same app they are using to share it. No copy/pasting a URL from one app to another. In fact, many users may not realize they have been using Nostr.Build in their client of choice, simply because it is the default option for media hosting for many Nostr apps.

This has the added benefit to client developers that they can provide this experience to their users without having to run media hosting infrastructure on top of trying to build their app. The separation of relays, clients, and media hosting between different entities, while keeping a similar experience to centralized platforms where a single company controls all three, is critical to Nostr adoption.

Features

Nostr.Build has a plethora of features beyond simply hosting your media. Let's take a look!

AI Image Generation

Do you need a quick title image for a long-form article? How about inspiration for a logo or art piece? Nostr.Build's AI Studio has you covered.

They have provided a few different models based on the plan you purchase, beginning with the Professional plan, which includes SDXL-Lightning and Stable Diffusion 1. Upgrading to the Creator plan will give you access to all Pro Stable Diffusion models and unlimited use of the Flux.1 model, which is the same core model used for Grok2 images.

I personally have a Professional account, so I haven't had a chance to try out Flux.1, but I have used Stable Diffusion extensively for creating character art for #NostrHeroes characters, such as these:

Nothing too spectacular when compared with some of the newer models out there, and there is no image-to-image support (yet), but more than adequate for casual image generation needs. Moreover, it is far more than what one would expect from a simple media-hosting service.

Admittedly, I am also no expert at coaxing AI models to produce anything remarkable so your results may vary. Either way, image generation is a welcome tool to have available without needing to go to an outside service unless you require something very specific.

Upload Limits

The maximum file size limits on Nostr.Build have been getting progressively larger, even for their free service. As I recall, it was a mere 21MB limit per file just a few months ago, which is fine for image files, but is quickly exceeded with videos. Then they increased their limits to 50MB per file, and as of recent updates it has been increased once more to a whopping 100MB per file... for free! This is more than adequate for most uses.

However, free users' images, GIFs, and videos are automatically viewable via Nostr.Build's free media gallery. This is something to particularly bear in mind when uploading images you intend to share via direct message. Though your DMs are encrypted, the images uploaded to Nostr.Build are not, and if you don't have a paid account, they will be viewable to the all paid users in the free media gallery. If you want to upload images that will not be viewable unless you actively share them, you must have a paid account.

Paid accounts have no file size limit, but they do have a total storage limit. I could not find anything about total storage limits for free accounts, but Professional tier will give you 25GB, Creator 50GB, and Advanced 250GB. Uploads to paid accounts are not visible in the free media gallery, so only those you give the link to will be able to access your content.

Media Types

Many file types are supported by Nostr.Built, even for free users, including:

• Image: .jpg, .png, .gif
• Video: .mov, mp4
• Audio: mp3, .wav

Upgrading to the Professional plan will add .pdf and .svg to the list of permitted file types, and upgrading to Creator or above will add .zip files, as well.

I believe other common file types are also supported, but these are the only ones specifically mentioned on the site.

Free Media Gallery

The free media gallery is an interesting little feature that Nostr.Build has available to paid accounts. Free users can get a preview, such as the one below, but only paid users can browse through the millions of uploads made by free users.

Apart from being amusing to browse through the things people have been uploading, I am unsure of how useful this particular feature is. No indication is given as to who uploaded the media, and it is limited compared to media feeds in other Nostr apps in two important ways. First, it only shows media uploaded to Nostr.Build, while other media-focused Nostr apps, such as Slidestr, Lumina, or even Primal will show media posted by all Nostr users. Second, Nostr.Build's gallery doesn't show all uploads to Nostr.Build, but only uploads from those without a paid account, further limiting the scope of whose uploads are seen.

Paid users have the advantage of being able to upload media that is not viewable to anyone unless they intentionally share the link somewhere. Free users, on the other hand, must be aware that their uploads are viewable by any paid users, whether they shared the link anywhere or not.

One incident I had while testing out another app required me to reach out to Nostr.Build support to request deletion of an image. It had some of my personal information in it, and had been uploaded to Nostr.Build and sent to me via DM. The sender assumed that since it was being sent via DM, no one else would be able to see the image, but because he was not a paid user of Nostr.Build, the image was included in the Free Media Gallery for any paid user to see. Not ideal, but the folks at Nostr.Build were quick to get it deleted for me.

In short, I have mixed feelings about this particular feature.

Blossom

Blossom is a media storage and retrieval protocol built for Nostr, but usable with any application that needs to access media via the web, and Nostr.Build has recently added support for Blossom uploads via their Blossom server: blossom.band

I will likely be adding a Nostrversity article going over Blossom in detail in the near future, but here's the basics of what it makes possible:

First, easy integration for media uploading from your favorite Nostr apps. Amethyst, Coracle, Primal and others have added Blossom upload support, so you just have to hop into your settings and add Nostr.Build's Blossom server address to start using it as your media host. No need to go to a separate app to upload your media and copy/paste the URL into your Nostr note!

Second, your media in Blossom is content addressable. This means it is named based on a hash of its actual data. Because of this, you can verify that the media has not been altered or replaced by your media host. If the hash doesn't match the data, it won't be loaded by the Nostr client, so you never have to worry about the image in your note being replaced by a different image by your media host.

Finally, because your media is addressable by its content, you can save the same media to multiple hosts, and if one of them goes down, Nostr apps can fetch your media from other hosts, just like they can do with your notes by fetching them from different relays if one relay you write to is down. This makes your images and videos much harder to censor, since you would need to be banned by multiple Blossom servers for your media to no longer be accessible.

If you would like to upload media to more than one Blossom server at the same time, your options are currently to use Primal and ensure that your settings have "Enable media mirrors" toggled on, or to use Bouquet. Hopefully we will see this option added to more Nostr apps in the near future.

Metadata Stripping

For files uploaded via Nostr.Build's dashboard, location metadata is removed upon upload. This is to protect user privacy, since this data could be used to reveal your home address if it is left attached to images posted publicly on Nostr.

When uploading via Blossom, media containing location metadata will be rejected. The user will be required to remove the metadata before they can upload the media.

No KYC and No Ads Policy

The only form of identification needed to use Nostr.Build is your Nostr identity. Every upload is tied to your npub, but no name, date of birth, email, or other identifying information is required. This is made possible because Nostr.Build only accepts Bitcoin as payment for their accounts, and no KYC is required to make Bitcoin transactions via Lightning.

Additionally, Nostr.Build is philosophically opposed to targeted advertising, so they have a policy that they will never use ads on their hosting service.

Client Integrations

Even before Blossom, Nostr.Build had many Nostr clients that used it as the default media hosting service, allowing users to upload directly within the app. This has only expanded now that Nostr.Build has added Blossom.

A very non-exhaustive list of clients that integrate with Nostr.Build is listed on their site, and includes Damus, Amethyst, Nostrudel, Snort, Iris, Coracle, Flycat, and Yakihonne. Additional apps that support Nostr.Build via Blossom include Primal and Flotilla. Some of these integrations support both Blossom and NIP-96 options for uploading media, such as Amethyst, while others only support one or the other.

I would not be surprised to see more and more Nostr apps move to integrating Blossom and phasing out NIP-96 support. Either way, though, Nostr.Build currently supports both, and is therefore an excellent hosting option if you want to use it with a wide range of Nostr apps.

Media Statistics

For those with a paid account, Nostr.Build provides information about how often each of your uploads has been requested and viewed within a given time period.

This can be valuable information for content creators, so they can determine what content is resonating with their audience, and what times of day their posts get the most views.

This information can currently be viewed for a maximum period of three months prior to the current date, and as short a period as just the past hour.

Can My Grandma Use It?

Score: 4.7 / 5

Nostr.Build is incredibly easy to use if you have a paid account, or if you are a free user uploading to Nostr.Build through a client that integrates with them by default. Previous frictions encountered by free users trying to upload large files should now be few and far between, thanks to the generous 100MB size limit.

Where things may be a bit more involved is when users are trying to set up media hosting on Nostr apps that don't use Nostr.Build by default. Exactly where in the settings the user must go to set this up, and whether to use the Blossom or NIP-96 address may not be immediately apparent, and requires an understanding of the difference that the user may not possess. This is not the fault of Nostr.Built, though, and I have not taken it into consideration in the scoring. Each individual Nostr app's settings should be as easy to understand as possible.

Another point of friction may come from free users who want to upload directly through the Nostr.Build site, instead of via another Nostr app. This used to be possible without logging in, but in an effort to ensure the service was used for Nostr, and not for general media hosting, Nostr.Build added the requirement to log in.

Thankfully, there are plenty of login options, including npub and password, browser extension (NIP-07), and even via a one-time-code sent to you via Nostr DM. However, if you don't have a paid account already, logging in will prompt you to upgrade. It seems that uploading directly via the website has been removed for free users entirely. You can only upload via another Nostr app if you don't have a paid account. This may lead to confusion for users who don't want to pay for an account, since it isn't made apparent anywhere that uploading through the website isn't an option for them.

Additionally, I would like to see the addresses for the Blossom server and for NIP-96 uploads (unless they are being phased out) added to the main page somewhere. Even selecting the "Blossom" page from the site navigation doesn't make clear what needs to be done to utilize the service. Something as simple as, "To use Nostr.Build with your favorite Blossom compatible Nostr apps, just add https://blossom.band as your media host in the app settings," would be enough to point users in the right direction.

For those who do have paid accounts, the dashboard is easy to navigate and organize your media.

By default, all uploads are added to the Main Folder. Users can leave them there, or they can easily create new folders and drag and drop media to organize it.

Every image has a copy/paste clipboard icon for ready access to copy the media URL for inclusion into a Nostr note.

Additionally, Nostr.Build allows users to share their uploaded media to Nostr directly from the dashboard. Bear in mind, though, this is published to a set of popular relays, without taking into account the user's preferred write relays.

The section just below the user's profile information gives an at-a-glance view of important information, such as how much of the user's allotted storage has been used, how many AI Studio credits are available, how many days are left before their paid account must be renewed, and how many files from three major categories — GIFs, images, and videos — have been uploaded.

Uploading directly to the dashboard is also incredibly easy. You can simply drag and drop files into the upload pane, or browse for them. If you have a URL for the media you want to upload, you can even paste it to import from another website or Blossom server.

Anything I could think of that I might want to do in the interface was intuitive to find, well labeled, or had common and easily identified icons.

How do UI look?

Score: 4.7 / 5

I would describe Nostr.Build's UI as clean and utilitarian, which is what one would expect from a media hosting service. Nothing too flashy. Just what you need and nothing you don't.

We certainly like our purple color-schemes on Nostr, and Nostr.Build leans into that with white text on shades of purple backgrounds, along with occasional color-popping accents. If a Nostr client had made the same color choices, I might be a bit more critical, but it works in an app that users won't be spending a ton of time in, except while managing their media, or using the AI Studio to generate some images.

UI elements such as buttons, active folder indicators, and icons all maintain an attractive, and simple design, with rounded corners wherever appropriate. Nothing looks too busy or overbearing, and the spacing between image previews in the folder view is just right.

Font remains consistent throughout the interface, with no jarring changes, and bold text, in white or another contrasting color, is used appropriately to draw attention, while subdued text is rendered in a light purple to blend more with the background, while remaining readable.

As such, the UI is attractive, without being particularly breathtaking. Nothing to complain about, but also nothing to write home about.

Log In Options

Score: 4.8 / 5

As mentioned previously, Nostr.Build provides three ways a user can log in.

The first should be very familiar for any Nostr user who frequents web clients, and that is by use of a browser extension (NIP-07), such as Alby, Nos2x, or Gooti. Note, this will also work if you are on Android and using KeyChat's browser, which has a NIP-07 signer built in.

Next is the legacy login method for Nostr.Build that they have used since the service first launched, which is via npub and password. This should serve to remind you that even though Nostr.Build supports Nostr login, and can post your images to Nostr for you, it's really just a centralized media hosting service. Just like you wouldn't use only one Nostr relay, you should not use just one media host. Mirror your media to other Blossom servers.

Most intriguing, and one I had not seen used before, is the option to use your npub and have a one-time-code sent to you via Nostr DM. I tested this method out and it worked flawlessly. It is unfortunately using the old NIP-04 DM spec, though, so any clients that have deprecated these DMs will not work for receiving the code. We're in a strange place with Nostr DMs currently, with some clients deprecating NIP-04 DMs in favor of NIP-17, others that still only support NIP-04, and a few that support both. If you don't see the DM in your client of choice, hop over to Primal and check your DMs there in the "other" tab.

Since Nostr.Build is supporting Nostr login, I would like to see them add remote signer (NIP-46) login alongside browser extension login to round out the options expected from a Nostr web app.

Feature Set

Score: 4.8 / 5

The features provided by Nostr.Build all work as expected and provide a lot of value to the user. With only one exception, all of the features make sense for a media hosting and management service to provide, and they are adding more features all the time.

Users not only get a reliable hosting service, with excellent uptime for their media, but they get integrations with most Nostr clients I can think of, Blossom protocol support, media organization and statistics, posting media to Nostr from within the dashboard, metadata stripping for enhanced privacy, a wide range of supported file types, and an AI image generation studio! What's more, there are additional features already on the roadmap, including traditional and AI image editing, additional plan options, expandable storage, and video transcoding for optimized playback. Nostr.Build is just getting started and they already offer more than most media hosting services out there, intended for Nostr or otherwise.

The one feature I am still not sold on is the "Free Media Gallery." The name is misleading. The gallery itself is not free. You must have a paid account to access more than a preview of it. Rather, it displays media uploaded by free users, regardless of whether they uploaded that media to send via DM, or uploaded it but decided not to share it out, or uploaded it to post it only within a private group on Flotilla, or uploaded it and only sent the note with the image link to a private relay.

Moreover, if I want to see media that has been shared on Nostr, there are plenty of ways I can do so that I can be confident only include media users intended to be publicly viewable. This feature from Nostr.Build, if it is kept at all, should have some way of ensuring the gallery only includes images that were shared on public relays.

Pricing

Score: 5 / 5

The pricing structure for Nostr.Build is exceptionally reasonable when compared with other services.

The Professional plan, which is their lowest paid tier, is just 69,000 sats a year. At current price, that translates to around $70 for the year, and Nostr.Build has been known to lower their pricing as Bitcoin goes up. Users can also get a 10% or 20% discount if they buy 2 or 3 years at a time, compensating for the fact that Bitcoin tends to go up year over year.

For that cost, users get 25GB of storage, unlimited file size for uploads within that storage cap, and access to all of Nostr.Build's features mentioned in this review, with the exception of their highest end AI models and storage of certain file types.

If I were to set up my own VPS to host a Blossom server with comparable storage, I would be paying around $14 a month before the cost of the domain, and it would be anything but plug and play. Even then, all I would have is storage. I would be missing out on all of the other features Nostr.Build has out of the box for less than half the price.

The Creator plan is close to double the cost at 120,000 sats, or about $120, a year. However, you aren't just getting double the storage space at 50GB; you are also getting double the AI credits, access to the higher tier AI models, S3 backup for all of your media, and your own Creator page you can share out with your media available for others to browse in one location.

The Advanced plan doesn't add a lot of extra features for more than double the price of the Creator plan, but it MASSIVELY increases your storage limit by 5x to a total of 250GB. Comparable storage space on a VPS to run your own Blossom server would be about $100 a month and Nostr.Build is offering it for about $250 (250,000 sats) for a whole year! If you really need to host that much media, it's hard to beat this price. The plan also comes with a Nostr.Build NIP-05 address, if you need one.

Now, the argument can be made, "But it's priced in sats, and that means in four years I will have spent many times that dollar amount on their service, possibly making it more expensive than other services priced in fiat." While that is true, it also doesn't take opportunity cost into account. Every dollar you spend on something other than Bitcoin is a missed opportunity to have bought Bitcoin with it. There's not really any difference between spending $70 in fiat to buy a hosting plan vs spending 69,000 sats, because you could have used that same $70 to buy Bitcoin instead, so you are losing out on that increase in purchasing power either way.

Not to mention, you can just buy the sats with your fiat and send it to Nostr.Build, so you would effectively be buying your plan with fiat, and they would be receiving sats.

I think Satellite.earth is still technically less expensive at just $0.05 per GB per month, which comes to $15 a year for the same 25GB of Nostr.Build's professional plan. However, all you get is media hosting. You miss out on all of the other features provided by Nostr.Build. And if you are uploading files of 100MB or less... Well, free with Nostr.Build is still cheaper than $0.5 per GB.

Wrap Up

All of the above comes together to make Nostr.Build a versatile and full-featured media hosting and management service at an affordable price point for their paid accounts, but with no need to pay at all if you just want a place to upload photos, GIFs, memes, and even some videos, so long as the file size stays under 100MB. Whether you want to use Nostr.Build as your primary media host, or as just one redundancy in your Blossom set up, they have you covered and I encourage you to check them out!

For the next review, I would like to go with another client, this time for the web, and the two options I am debating between are Coracle.social and Jumble.social. Let me know in the comments which you would like to see!

@ a5ee4475:2ca75401

profissional #brasileiros #portugues #lista

[Em Atualização]

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsvz46xcwfqjyw5xkjh3gs8v63udn6slp2wehn8pyndtcpvvxa7rwqpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsdzu0zr - Estude BITCOIN

!(image)[https://nostrcheck.me/media/public/nostrcheck.me_8896510008477875231689270519.webp]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@altierebtc

Canal de Games: https://m.youtube.com/channel/UCm9dUXKlVbDOfa-7GB-6gxw

Twitch: https://m.twitch.tv/altiere/home

Endereço Lightning: Quietcarol43@walletofsatoshi.com

---

Peter Turguniev - nostr:nprofile1qqszleff9gkly5z85wf0em4dw4zcsaw8whp3es50f0syeme73kc49ygpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ex2mrfw3jhxtn0wfnj7qgj4r9

Site: ANCAP.SU

!(image)[https://i.im.ge/2023/06/01/hCgPJa.03de86ce-3106-4a4b-859c-b6b4d9e6e62e.jpg]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@ancap_su

Visão Libertária: https://m.youtube.com/@Visao_Libertaria

Canal de Programação: https://m.youtube.com/@safesrc

Canal Mundo em Revolução: https://m.youtube.com/@wrevolving

Canal Hoje no X: https://m.youtube.com/@noxhoje

Canal Antigo: https://m.youtube.com/@ANCAPSUClassic

Site: https://pimentanocafe.com.br/

ANCAP.SU (Odysee): https://odysee.com/@ancapsu:be

Visão Libertária (Odysee): https://odysee.com/@ancapsu:c

Endereço Lightning: Ancapsu@getalby.com

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsw2k9dqcwkelfl0cr2ranhfvqx98et635hymmefl4rr89e4x9xtaqpr9mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuumwdae8gtnnda3kjctv9u55vn8f

Economista e Cientista de Dados

!(image)[https://image.nostr.build/9caacd289ed01ad6fecd331a43218da6ce3c2f5713d9e9a4fc8c8b531728deb8.jpg]

Repositorio de codigos: https://github.com/Argonalyst

Notícias sobre tecnologia e inteligência artificial: https://youtube.com/@argonalyst

https://www.argonalyst.com/

---

Bitcoinheiros - nostr:nprofile1qqsdg0vnpw76lujncaexfh0fy747dheynq9s5m9wqxulcu2szlwqpfcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtcpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhszyrhwden5te0dehhxarj9ekk7mf0cmje9h

!(image)[https://void.cat/d/A6LisLBh5cmyYtrgkjqBxe.webp]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@Bitcoinheiros

Canal de Cortes: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC82m2TCXSHWcqSLym5BzjLQ/

Site: https://bitcoinheiros.com/

Endereço Lightning: ln@pay.bitcoinheiros.com

---

Área Bitcoin - Divulgação sobre Bitcoin

nostr:nprofile1qqstvy6savnm83mf9775t70d2d2lp2rsw8hys5rfsq4lhy9qachctpgpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ex2mrfw3jhxtn0wfnj7svvx93 e nostr:npub1yzhwak5yc7pzvukwzlfj7p0dp2y07jd42y45h0maxuej4us5rcjsssxkej

!(image)[https://m.primal.net/KXBa.jpg]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@AreaBitcoin

Site: Areabitcoin.com.br

Endereço Lightning: Cyanlionfish5@primal.net

---

nostr:nprofile1qqs075udlpdc60js8ade7st2zt942ghj0ehd6frnwjtylss5c9kdxzgpr9mhxue69uhkyu3wwp6hyurvv4ex2mrp0yhxxmmd9uq32amnwvaz7tmhda6zumn0wd68ytnsv9e8g7g24pghx - Dev

Repositório: https://github.com/antonioconselheiro/omeglestr

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsqxh6ffher03qlngcnf93g9kyv7gzkmz6h6t8qylzkw8hup8zxytspzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hszrnhwden5te0dehhxtnvdakz7qgawaehxw309ahx7um5wghxy6t5vdhkjmn9wgh8xmmrd9skctcx72xdd

Biólogo e colunista

!(image)[https://image.nostr.build/8bddd8cd3e2e65c76cd7b02179e3ddeb3a1a1171f0a0ae32594278a9ccf19da0.jpg]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@EliVieira

Endereço Lightning: Elivieira@bipa.app

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsgy4gvl2n03ylylv0ack59res7nytkjdq5wpqcw9ch5eqhwwnpnvgpypmhxw309aex2mrp0ykkummnw3ez6cnj9e3k7mfwvfer5dpcxsuz7qgewaehxw309a38ytnsw4e8qmr9wfjkccte9e3k7mf0qyvhwumn8ghj7cmv9ec82unsd3jhyetvv9ujucm0d5hs6m9t8t

Canal Principal: https://youtube.com/@Akitando

https://www.akitaonrails.com/

https://www.codeminer42.com/

Endereço Lightning: Akitaonrails@strike.me

---

Felipe Ojeda - nostr:nprofile1qqsv7c6qu0qsy9wxg9cqkhle078j46rhsvz64f6vukxdmpkdt7vt55cpz9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezuamfdejj7qg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09uq3wamnwvaz7tmpw3kxzuewdehhxarj9ekxzmny9uwes77q

Saída fiscal para o Paraguai e P2P

https://youtube.com/@bitcoineliberdade

Lightning Network: ojeda@blink.sv

---

nostr:npub18zw66c2lvt6s06drtvtkjjyvnfwjdgg2w7y36rmtmg7rnfnkhhxq7hhu4t

Engenheiro

Construção econômica e sustentável: https://amandaefernando.com.br/

https://youtube.com/@amandaefernando

Carteira de Zap: lilacgecko5@blink.com

---

nostr:npub1kqd90mglkp0ltmc5eacd0claqvnayaklkvzkdhx7x84w9uavplxszvrlwd

Canal principal: https://youtube.com/@fernandoulrichcanal

---

nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6

https://fiatjaf.com/

Repositórios de códigos:

https://git.fiatjaf.com/

https://github.com/fiatjaf

Outros repositórios:

https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr

Carteita de Zap: fiatjaf@zbd.gg

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsw2s3zjedanx8nve9zda7zkemx5n5d4v0mt0ncehfa7qkkjse5v5gpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsxnexr8

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@FoxyeBitcoin

Endereço Lightning: Foxye@bipa.app

---

nostr:npub1vudm0xsx4cv3zkvvq7k5836tnkv64q0h7uudnwujr4a4l9zc2p9s0x8url - Irmãos Chioca

Tradutores e publicadores de temáticas libertárias [livros, artigos, vídeos e textos]

https://rothbardbrasil.com/

Canal principal: https://youtube.com/@institutorothbardbrasil

Carteira de zap: trendybean80@walletofsatoshi.com

---

João Abitante - nostr:nprofile1qqsyzwgmhmdsduuya866s2pnnkw2x956wdpumtjjw3rp4ueyunv9hlspr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qy2hwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wvfnj7qgwwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkctclycz6e

Contador Libertário

!(image)[https://m.primal.net/KWoL.png]

Canal Principal: https://youtube.com/@ahoradaelisao

Endereço Lightning: libertcontador@pay.bbw.sv

---

João Trein - nostr:nprofile1qqsze3h79ljwzqp7ryre9n6p9z8m4t4m5806v8anxu9q2dx7n5cgqfgpz3mhxue69uhkummnw3ezummcw3ezuer9wcq35amnwvaz7tm5dpjkvmmjv4ehgtnwdaehgu339e3k7mgpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumrpdejqj2zepn

Bitcoin e Cyber segurança

https://youtube.com/@tninvest

Carteira de Zap: tninvest@blink.com

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsdwdhzj3red6p62fus3sdk03cqp8t0u3enfupwa4rw2q2yhfwe9tqpr9mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuumwdae8gtnnda3kjctv9uq32amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7tc3ft2ln

Atendimento psicológico e sobrevivencialismo

Canal sobrevivencialismo: https://youtube.com/@sobrevivencialismo

Canal de psicologia: https://youtube.com/@juliolobosv

Carteira de zap: juliolobosv@getalby.com

---

nostr:npub1q88jfh2gasm0ztszhltfl226lhpvlxxq2u0t6smf2n5cn85es4assuwqmp

Divulgadora sobre Bitcoin

https://youtube.com/@bitlorena

Carteira de zap: potterlore@zbd.gg

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsp05nhmn8x343gme39d8l63z2d34ht4lgln60jn5vm3gsndj7u86qppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp09kal50

Ambientalista

https://youtube.com/@marcobatalha

Carteira de zap marcobatalha@getalby.com

---

Marcus - nostr:npub1wsl3695cnz7skvmcfqx980fmrv5ms3tcfyfg52sttvujgxk3r4lqajteft e nostr:npub12mllp29adf2fw0eeahmseczcu3y4625qyn3v4uwfvkpzlshnmj3qs903ju

https://privatelawsociety.net/know

https://github.com/PrivateLawSociety/pls-mvp

Carteira de zap: anarcus@getalby.com

---

nostr:nprofile1qqs923ewnsqlx7347cpjhxmcmt0rsmnwf3tasr736pjx4wee9q89ufcpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsf83vqq

Programador

Repositório de códigos:

https://github.com/misesdev

Aulas de desenvolvimento de código

https://youtube.com/@misesdev

Carteira de Zap: greatasphalt42@walletofsatoshi.com

---

nostr:nprofile1qqsvqnfplem5auv0ug0j2v8kkp5x06fcv93rqs6cz54fm6svs28ahgqpz4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezummcw3ezuer9wchsn6tsk6

Repositório: https://github.com/ODevLibertario/nostrlivery

---

nostr:nprofile1qqstj62w4ctec57ny2p6hs67ut4nygsrc4th75ff42cyag4emy2v3yspz9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezuamfdejj7qg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09uqsuamnwvaz7tmwdaejumr0dshsxhz6wr

!(image)[https://image.nostr.build/22080bdb678ab61ef863be436d78654f537287951508198bf9fa5129abb289fc.jpg]

Canal Principal: https://m.youtube.com/@PROmetheusHODL

Canal no Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Prometheus:ef

Endereços Lightning e Liquid Blink: prometheus@blink.sv Alby: prometheusyt@getalby.com Liquid: VJLDAirBEPj4deoRnspxG8pnu8Ezxg6ajPcXyXoDXDP1dKn9UDJPDckiX5vBTp9aFQM42B15KpAHqVkc

---

nostr:npub1ld5xqfflwy6txghaaef2d4rnyzkvwvz2crncmtvhq93xxsqvzqtqzdx4yp

https://youtube.com/@VamosViverFora

Carteira de zap: psp@blink.com

---

nostr:npub1gcxzte5zlkncx26j68ez60fzkvtkm9e0vrwdcvsjakxf9mu9qewqlfnj5z

https://vitorpamplona.com/

Repositorio de codigo:

https://github.com/vitorpamplona

https://github.com/vitorpamplona/amethyst/

---

Cursos:

---

Seiiti Arata / Seiiti Arata (Inglês)

Produtor de cursos

https://www.arataacademy.com/

Canal principal: https://youtube.com/@arataacademy

---

Daniel Miorim e Malboro

Comentarismo e ensino

Alta Linguagem e Curso Libertário de Anticomunismo

https://youtube.com/@altalinguagem

---

Renato 38 e Alan Schramm

Livros, curso e consultoria de Bitcoin

O seguinte canal disponibiliza o curso, mas não menciona ser do Renato ou do Alan:

https://youtu.be/ZQaGXchogkk

---

Rafael Scapella

Viagens, informações e política internacional

https://youtube.com/@rafaelscapella?si=IfPjPfVsPlmA_zYX

---

Roberto Pantoja

Inovaflix - Cursos e Consutoria de Negócios

Canal de informação: https://youtube.com/@robertopantoja

---

Carlos Xavier

Prof. de Teologia e Direito

Curso de História da Filosofia e Direito

Direito sem Juridiquês:

https://youtube.com/c/DireitosemJuridiquês

• Playlist libertária:

https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYXudd4-x8GjzIyNZsUzzw8NF-Gkca8sV&si=oyDRdxVDB0b1GLTo

Teodidatas:

https://youtube.com/c/Teodidatas

---

Jason Schmütz (Toddyn)

Comunicador sobre jogos e temas gerais

Canal sobre Bitcoin, critica ao Estado e a empresas de jogos, e estilo de vida:

https://youtube.com/@ojasonschmutz

Canal de Jogos:

https://youtube.com/@toddyncp

Curso de criação de jogos sem programar - Codezero | RPG Paper Maker [Atualmente indisponível]

---

Pigdev

Desenvolvedor de jogos indies

https://youtube.com/@pigdev

Cursos e materiais para desenvolvimento de jogos

https://pigdev.itch.io/

---

Outros Profissionais Libertários

---

Anderson - Ciberdef

Defesa cibernética

https://youtube.com/@andersonciberdef

---

Guilherme Bauer - Capital Global

Internacionalização de patrimônio

https://odysee.com/@capitalglobalbr:b

---

Tuchê Nunes

Agricultura, permacultura e bioconstrução

https://youtube.com/@tuchenunesautossustentavel

---

Jack

Personal trainer

Dicas de treinos https://youtube.com/@lybrjack

---

Avelino Morganti

Ouro, prata e joias

Compras e pedidos: https://morgantis.com/

Canal de informação: https://youtube.com/@avelinomorganti

---

Bianca Colobari

Atendimento psicológico e experiência com educação domiciliar para crianças

Canal de informação https://youtube.com/@biancacolombari

---

Cecilia Isicke (Portugal)

Médica libertária e bitcoinheira

Canal de informação https://youtube.com/@draceciliaisicke650

---

Não Libertário e Bitcoiner

---

Núcleo Dharma

Artes Marciais, Autodefesa e Armas

https://youtube.com/channel/UCtbAO1zbJAwd6gDK7Y87JLA

@ 611021ea:089a7d0f

This is the 2nd article I've written regarding my thoughts around the nostr health and fitness ecosystem and how something like NIP101h could play a part in enabling an ecosystem of highly specialized apps benefiting from nostr inherent interoperability. I've posted the last article on Wikistr and have continued experimenting with the NIP in a couple of clients. Recently I've been focused on extending the NIP to include calories and workout intensity.

Caloric Data

Let's talk about calories for a minute. Seems simple, right? You burn some, you consume some. But as I started implementing kind 1357 for caloric data, I quickly realized this was too simplistic.

The reality is tracking calories burned through a 10K run is fundamentally different from logging the calories in your morning avocado toast. Different contexts, different metadata, different user flows. Trying to cram both into one kind felt like forcing a square peg through a round hole.

So I split them: - Kind 1357: Calories expended (your run, your workout, even just existing) - Kind 2357: Calories consumed (your meals, snacks, that beer you "forgot" to log)

This wasn't just a technical decision. It reflects how people actually think about and track their health. Nobody mentally lumps "I burned 350 calories on my run" with "I ate a 650 calorie lunch" as the same type of data point. They're related but distinct.

Workout Intensity

Speaking of workouts, RUNSTR has been sending workout data for a while now, but workout intensity (kind 1356) is something I've been particularly excited about.

Why? Because intensity is the secret sauce that makes fitness data meaningful. Two people can run the same distance, but one might be casually jogging while catching up on podcasts, and another might be doing high-intensity intervals that leave them gasping for air.

Same distance, totally different physiological impacts.

Intensity gives context to duration. It turns "I worked out for 45 minutes" into a meaningful metric about how hard you pushed. And this isn't just for the fitness obsessed—it's essential for things like heart rate zone training, progressive overload, and recovery monitoring.

The Bigger Vision: Why I'm Building This

I'm not building NIP-101h because I think the world needs another fitness standard. God knows there are plenty already. I'm building it because I believe health data belongs to people, not platforms.

Right now, your Apple Health data lives in Apple's ecosystem. Your Fitbit data lives in Fitbit's walled garden. Your Strava data? Yep, siloed there too. These companies have built incredible products, but they've also created digital gulags.

Nostr gives us a chance to flip the script. What if your health data lived on the internet rather than the platform? What if you could: - Track your runs in RUNSTR - Encrypt sensitive data - Store data in relays or blossom servers - Use the data across an open ecosystem of interoperable apps

...all without asking permission from some corporate overlord?

That's pretty much the vision. I've also spun up HealthNote Relay to support some of the new NIPs and Kinds while I continue to flesh out NIP-101h.

The Power of Specialization

One thing I've realized is that the real magic happens when we get specific. A diabetes management app needs different data structures than a strength training app. But they both benefit from a common language for the overlap.

So I'm intentionally designing the NIP-101h series as a collection of highly specialized kinds rather than a monolithic standard. This lets developers pick and choose exactly what they need, while still ensuring interoperability where it matters.

Take our calorie example—by splitting into two kinds, we allow for specialized nutrition tracking apps that might never care about workout calories, while still ensuring they can talk to fitness apps when needed.

What's Coming Next

I've got a growing list of kinds I want to tackle: - Sleep data (duration, quality, phases) - Strength training specifics (sets, reps, weight) - Hydration tracking - Mental health metrics

But I'm equally excited to see what others build. Maybe someone will create specialized kinds for pregnancy tracking, or chronic illness management, or physical therapy progress.

That's the beauty of this approach—I don't need to anticipate every use case. The framework lets the community evolve it organically.

Join the Health Data Revolution

If you're a developer interested in health and fitness on Nostr, I'd love to hear from you. What kinds would help your use case? What are you building? What am I missing?

And if you're just a Nostr user who cares about your health data, check out RUNSTR (Alpha) or Npub.health (super alpha) to see what we're building.

You can find information the specification here NIP 101h.

See you in volume three, where I'll dig into NIP101h format details and share what I've learned from the early experiments.

Lets Go!

@ b04082ac:29b5c55b

Money has always been more than a medium of exchange. It reflects what societies value, how they organize trust, and what they choose to remember. This article explores the idea that money functions as a form of collective memory, and how Bitcoin may be restoring this role in a new way.

The Asante Example

In the Asante Empire, which flourished in West Africa during the 18th and 19th centuries, gold dust served as the primary medium of exchange. To measure it, traders used ornate spoons made of brass. These spoons were often carved with birds, animals, or abstract symbols. They were not currency themselves, but tools used to handle gold dust accurately.

Importantly, these spoons also carried meaning. Symbols and proverbs embedded in the spoons conveyed lessons about honesty, community, and continuity. For example, the Sankofa bird, shown turning its head backward to retrieve an egg from its back, represented the proverb, “It is not wrong to go back for that which you have forgotten.” This was a reminder to learn from the past.

The spoons reflect an understanding that money and its instruments are not just practical tools. They are cultural artifacts that store shared values. In the Asante context, even measurement was ritualized and tied to ethics and memory.

Money as a Cultural Medium

This connection between money and cultural meaning is not unique to the Asante Empire. Modern fiat currencies also carry symbols, phrases, and designs that reflect national identity and political values.

The U.S. dollar includes Latin phrases and national symbols meant to convey stability and purpose. The British pound features royal iconography, reinforcing the idea of continuity and sovereignty. When the euro was introduced, it deliberately avoided specific national references. Itsdesign used bridges and windowsto suggest openness and cooperation across the continent.

These design choices show that societies still embed meaning into their money. Even in a digital or fiat context, money is used to transmit a story about who we are, where authority lies, and what we value.

The Fragility of Fiat Memory

While fiat money carries cultural symbols, the narratives behind those symbols can be fragile.

In 2021, the central bank of the Philippines removed democratic leaders from its banknotes,triggering public criticism. In the United States, attempts to replace Andrew Jackson with Harriet Tubman on the $20 billfaced repeated delays. These examples show how political control over money includes control over what stories are told and remembered.

Unlike objects passed down through generations, fiat memory can be edited or erased. In this sense, it is vulnerable. The meaning encoded in fiat systems can shift depending on who holds power.

Bitcoin as a New Form of Memory

Bitcoin is described as digital money. But it also introduces a different model of how societies can record value and preserve meaning.

The Bitcoin network launched in 2009 with a small message embedded in its first block: “Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks.” This was a reference to a newspaper headline that day and a clear sign of protest against financial bailouts, centralized monetary policy, and forever wars.

This moment marked the beginning of a system where memory is stored differently. Instead of relying on governments or institutions, Bitcoin stores its history on a public ledger maintained by a decentralized network of participants. Its memory is not symbolic or political; it is structural. Every transaction, every block, is preserved through time-stamped computation and consensus.

No single authority can change it. The rules are clear and publicly auditable. In this way, Bitcoin offers a version of money where memory is both neutral and resilient.

Cultural Expression and Community Values

Even though Bitcoin lacks the traditional symbols found on banknotes, it has developed its own culture. Phrases like “Don’t trust, verify” or “Stay humble, stack sats” are shared widely in the Bitcoin community. These ideas reflect a focus on self-responsibility, verification, and long-term thinking.

These proverbs can be compared to the carved messages on the Asante spoons. While the contexts are very different, the underlying idea is similar: a community using language and symbols to reinforce its shared values.

Bitcoin also has a well established and growing art scene. Bitcoin conferences often feature dedicated sections for art inspired by the protocol and its culture. Statues of Satoshi Nakamoto have been installed in cities like Budapest, Lugano, and Fornelli. These physical works reflect the desire to link Bitcoin’s abstract values to something tangible.

Looking Back to Look Forward

The Asante example helps us see that money has long been tied to memory and meaning. Their spoons were practical tools but also cultural anchors. Bitcoin, while new and digital, may be playing a similar role.

Instead of relying on political symbols or national myths, Bitcoin uses code, transparency, and global consensus to create trust. In doing so, it offers a way to preserve economic memory that does not depend on power or politics.

It’s still early to know what kind of legacy Bitcoin will leave. But if it succeeds, it may not just change how money works. It may also change how civilizations remember.

@ 7e538978:a5987ab6

E-commerce store owners can now integrate Bitcoin payments into their WooCommerce shops using the LNbits WooCommerce plugin. This plugin supports payments using the Bitcoin Lightning Network and on-chain Bitcoin, providing merchants with flexible options to accept Bitcoin.

Integration with Bitcoin Payments

The LNbits WooCommerce plugin enables online merchants to accept Bitcoin payments easily. It uses LNbits to handle Bitcoin Lightning and traditional on-chain transactions, offering customers efficient payment methods.

Recent updates include support for Gutenberg block checkout integration, ensuring compatibility with the latest WooCommerce versions and improving the checkout experience for merchants and customers alike.

How the LNbits Plugin Works

The plugin integrates with LNbits through the Satspay Server extension. Lightning Network transactions are handled by LNbits. Merchants can manage on-chain payments via LNbits' Watch-only wallet extension.

Setup Steps for Merchants

The setup process for the LNbits WooCommerce plugin involves a few simple steps:

1. Run an LNbits instance – either self-host or use the LNbits SaaS service at saas.lnbits.com.
2. Install the Satspay Server extension within your LNbits instance.
3. Add the LNbits plugin to your WordPress site.
4. Configure the plugin via WooCommerce admin panel under WooCommerce > Settings > Payments.

Start Accepting Bitcoin Payments

By accepting Bitcoin payments, merchants offer customers a secure and efficient alternative payment method. Integrating the LNbits WooCommerce plugin is straightforward and aligns with the increasing adoption of cryptocurrency in online retail.

For further details, visit the official plugin page:

WordPress Plugin Directory – LNbits Bitcoin Onchain and Lightning Payment Gateway

@ ecda4328:1278f072

A detailed breakdown of the recent debate around Bitcoin Core’s proposed policy change to OP_RETURN — and why it’s less dramatic than some fear.

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TL;DR

Removing the 80-byte OP_RETURN limit is a mempool policy cleanup, not a consensus rule change. It reduces UTXO bloat, improves relay consistency, and doesn’t affect Bitcoin’s monetary properties or block size limits.

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What Is OP_RETURN?

OP_RETURN is a Bitcoin script opcode introduced in 2014 (Bitcoin Core 0.9.0) to allow small amounts of arbitrary data to be embedded in transactions. Crucially, it creates provably unspendable outputs, preventing UTXO set pollution.

A default policy limit of 80 bytes was added to discourage non-payment data usage while still allowing basic use cases (e.g., hashes, commitments).

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Why Was OP_RETURN Added? (Bitcoin Core 0.9, March 2014)

When OP_RETURN was introduced, it wasn’t to promote on-chain data — it was a harm-reduction tool:

“This change is not an endorsement of storing data in the blockchain... [It] creates a provably-prunable output, to avoid data storage schemes... storing arbitrary data... bloating Bitcoin’s UTXO database.” — Bitcoin Core 0.9 Release Notes

Before that, users embedded data in fake outputs, bloating the UTXO set and degrading node performance.

OP_RETURN made those outputs prunable and cleaner, though it imposed an 80-byte policy cap — not a consensus rule.

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What’s Actually Changing?

Bitcoin Core PR #32359 proposes:

• Removing the 80-byte policy limit on OP_RETURN data
• Removing the -datacarrier and -datacarriersize configuration options
• Default behavior will now relay (and mine) larger OP_RETURNs

⚠️ This is not a consensus change. Blocks stay limited to \~4MB. No rules about block validity are altered.

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Why It’s Not a Big Deal

• ✅ Consensus stays the same: No risk of chain splits
• ✅ Block size stays capped (\~4MB)
• ✅ You can still run Bitcoin Knots if you prefer stricter policies
• ✅ Transaction size limit (\~100KB) remains for DoS protection

Bottom line: This is a configuration tweak to improve consistency between nodes and miners.

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Common Uses of OP_RETURN

• Timestamping
• Cross-chain anchoring (e.g., merge-mined sidechains)
• Asset issuance (e.g., Omni/Tether)
• Notarization and commitments
• Metadata for protocols like Citrea

📝 In contrast, Ordinal inscriptions use witness data; Stamps use fake outputs — not OP_RETURN.

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Arguments For Removing the Limit

1. The limit is ineffective — easily bypassed via witness/multisig/fake outputs
2. Cleaner data paths — prevents UTXO bloat from “Stamp”-style tricks
3. Reflects mining reality — miners already include these transactions
4. Improves relay/mempool consistency
5. Avoids centralization risks — removes miner advantages from custom policies
6. Enables metaprotocols — safely embed structured metadata without abusing Bitcoin’s core design

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Arguments Against Removing the Limit

1. Risk of encouraging non-monetary use
2. Fears of "spam" or NFT-like inscriptions
3. Concerns over governance process
4. Perceived erosion of Bitcoin’s monetary purity

🧠 Note: The 80-byte cap was policy, not consensus. Removing it doesn’t allow anything that wasn’t already valid on-chain.

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Policy vs. Consensus

• Policy rules affect relay and mempool behavior
• Consensus rules affect what blocks are considered valid

Large OP_RETURNs are already valid. The inconsistency is that many nodes don’t relay them, while miners do include them. This change aligns relay with mining, improving propagation and fee estimation.

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Bitcoin Knots: A Protest Client

Bitcoin Knots (maintained by Luke Dashjr) retains the old 80-byte policy. After the PR surfaced, some users switched to Knots as a protest.

According to Matthew R. Kratter, Bitcoin Knots briefly surpassed Core 29.0 in node count during early 2025 — but this spike appears to have been driven more by timing mismatches between release cycles and a coordinated protest campaign, rather than a durable shift in user adoption. In fact, most Bitcoin nodes today still run older versions of Core. As of May 2025, Core 28.1.0 alone accounts for over 21% of nodes, while Core 29.0.0 sits below 6%, and Knots 20250305 trails at just over 6% — suggesting that the majority of the network remains on pre-29 Core versions rather than switching to Knots en masse.

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Broader Implications

• 🛠️ Highlights tensions between devs, miners, and users over governance
• 🧭 Shows how non-consensus rules can impact perceived neutrality
• 🧪 Sparks renewed focus on tooling (e.g., ASMap, better banlists, relay filtering)
• 🔐 Reaffirms user sovereignty through client diversity

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Final Thoughts

Removing the OP_RETURN limit aligns Bitcoin Core’s policy with reality — what’s already getting mined — while cleaning up harmful workarounds.

It won’t break Bitcoin.

But it does surface deeper tensions about Bitcoin’s purpose, evolution, and who ultimately decides what gets built and accepted.

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References

• PR: Remove arbitrary limits on OP_RETURN #32359
• PR: Deprecate datacarrier options #32406
• Mailing list: Relax OP_RETURN standardness restrictions
• Gist with full community discussion
• Bitcoin Knots
• Kratter video: Bitcoin Core Removes the Mask

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🙏 Acknowledgements

Thanks to @hodlinator, ShiShi21m, and many others in the community for their thoughtful insights, corrections, and spirited discussion.

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Based on the original GitHub Gist: Bitcoin OP_RETURN Controversy: Complete Summary

@ bbb5dda0:f09e2747

I've been neglecting my weekly updates a bit. I haven't really gotten to them lately because i've been insanely busy frying my brains at #SovEng. And after that i haven't been keeping my weekly notes properly. WHICH I'm planning to pick back up now!

This week/ the last couple weeks I've been doing some general planning around @tollGate's appearances on various conferences around Europe! First on the list will be Pizza Day in Prague! And from there I'll be cruising straight to @Oslo Freedom Forum! For TollGate that also means getting us set up with some T-Shirts and Stickers, though not super hard to do, it's the first time I'm doing any 'marketing' like this so I did test my own patience by properly cropping and ordering the designs. So far the stickers came out well Look at our first officially baptized TollGate! :)

TollGate Installer

As we're installing versions of TollGateOS on routers quite often now I figured it'd be a good idea to streamline the experience a bit by building a TollGate Installer. I've been vibecoding it mostly, and one of the things I discovered is how easy it is to make it replicate the style of another app. To stick with the theme I told it to mirror the style of our TollGate Captive portal site and it did it perfectly!

Anyway, still a lot of manual engineering is required but at least I can outsource the stuff i'm bad at. What I did improve was the GitHub workflows we use for building and publishing the OS. We publish our releases to Blossom + Nostr (NIP-94). I then use those messages in the installer to get the download links.

👀 But which version!?

I quickly ran into the issue that I didn't know which binary to install on the router i hooked up to my computer. I connect the router via lan, then I scan the network and ssh into the router, get some basic info, like the device name. BUT, the format of that device name wouldn't match any of the names we'd use in our release.

For example: the router name would be glinet,mt3000 while our release was called gl-mt3000. The difference may seem subtle but I can't match them. So after some discussion with the others I went on and revamped our OS pipeline to properly follow the OpenWRT naming of boards/devices. The pipeline is now much more extensible, making it easier for us to add support for more hardware!

What's next?

We're aiming for a v0.0.2 release of TollGate OS by friday, incorporating some of the feedback we've gotten from our test users! Hang on tight guys! 🙏 I'm hoping to finish an earlier version of the installer in the upcoming week as well.

@ 7460b7fd:4fc4e74b

背景与研究范围

Backpack 是由多名前 FTX 和 Alameda 员工在 FTX 崩盘后创立的一家加密交易平台，与 Amber Group（一家大型加密金融服务商）和已倒闭的交易所 FTX 之间可能存在多重隐秘关联。本研究超越公开新闻，从团队延续、资金路径、合规架构、基础设施复用和链上迹象等角度，推理分析三者之间的联系。下文将分别讨论：团队与股权延续性、法币出金（稳定币清算）架构、Amber Group 的支持角色、Circle/Equals Money 等第三方的关联，以及“交叉代币解锁”机制的可能性，并给出关键证据与信息缺口。

团队与股权上的延续性

首先，在团队方面，Backpack 由多名 FTX/Alameda 前成员创立。据报道，Backpack 的联合创始人包括前 Alameda Research 早期员工 Armani Ferrante，以及 FTX 前总法律顾问 Can Suncoinspeaker.com；另一位联合创始人 Tristan Yver 也曾任职于 FTX/Alamedanftgators.com。据 CoinSpeaker 披露，Backpack 40名员工中至少有5人是 FTX 前员工coinspeaker.com。这表明 Backpack 在团队传承上与 FTX 存在明显延续。一方面，创始团队直接来自原 FTX 帝国的核心人员；另一方面，他们将过往在大型交易所积累的经验带入了 Backpack。

其次，在股权投资方面也有延续痕迹。早在2022年9月，Backpack 背后的公司 Coral 即获得了由 FTX Ventures 领投的2000万美元种子轮融资，用于开发 Backpack xNFT 钱包等产品nftgators.com。然而由于2022年11月FTX暴雷，这笔来自 FTX 的投资资金大部分被冻结损失nftgators.com。在经历了资金困难的“蟑螂生存模式”后，Backpack 团队于2023-2024年重新融资，成功在2024年2月完成1700万美元的 A 轮融资nftgators.com。值得注意的是，此轮融资的投资阵容中出现了 Amber Group 的身影nftgators.com。Amber Group 与 Placeholder、Hashed、Wintermute 等知名机构共同参与了该轮融资coinspeaker.com。这意味着 Amber 已经成为 Backpack 股东之一，在股权上建立了联系。此外，Jump Crypto 和 Delphi Digital 等与 FTX时代关系密切的机构也参与了投资nftgators.com。综上， Backpack 的股东和团队构成反映出明显的历史延续：既有原FTX系资本（FTX Ventures）和人员直接过渡，也有 Amber Group 等行业巨头在FTX倒台后入场接棒投资，为 Backpack 提供资金和资源支持。

法币出金架构与 USDC 清算渠道

FTX 时代的稳定币清算： 为了解 Backpack 是否继承了 FTX 的 USDC 清算架构，需要回顾 FTX 过往的法币出入金体系。FTX 在运营高峰时期，以其流畅的出入金和稳定币兑换闻名。用户可以将 USDC 等稳定币充值到 FTX 并直接视同美元资产使用，提取时又能以银行电汇方式取出美元，过程中几乎无汇兑损耗。这背后可能依赖于 FTX 与 Circle 等机构的直接清算合作，以及自有银行网络的支持。例如，Circle 提供的企业账户服务可以让像FTX这样的平台在后台实现USDC与美元的1:1兑换与清算circle.com。事实上，FTX 曾是 USDC 的主要场景之一，大量用户通过将美元换成 USDC 再转入FTX进行交易，从而绕过昂贵的跨境汇款费用。FTX 很可能建立了高效的稳定币兑换通道——例如通过 Silvergate 银行网络或与稳定币发行方直接交割——来实现低成本、快速的法币⇄USDC 转换。这套“USDC 清算架构”是FTX业务成功的重要基础之一。

Backpack 的出金方案： Backpack 作为新兴交易所，近期正式推出了类似的法币⇄稳定币出入金功能，并号称实现了“0费率”的美元/USDC转换panewslab.com。根据官方公告，从2025年5月起，Backpack Exchange 用户可以通过电汇方式充值和提取美元，且美元与USDC的兑换不收取任何手续费panewslab.com。这与FTX当年提供的低成本稳定币出入金体验如出一辙，表明 Backpack 很可能在复用或重建一种高效的清算架构。

与FTX相比，Backpack 并未公开具体采用了何种技术/金融渠道来实现0手续费。但通过社区测试和代码线索，可以推测其架构与FTX思路相似：首先， Backpack 将美元法币与USDC稳定币视为等价资产开放存取，用户电汇美元到账后在平台得到USDC或美元余额，提币时可用USDC直接提走或兑换成美元汇出。其次， Backpack 可能通过与稳定币发行方Circle的合作，或通过场外流动性方，将用户的USDC和法币进行实时对冲清算。Circle提供的API允许合规企业账户方便地将USDC兑换为美元存入银行账户circle.com；Backpack 很可能利用了这一渠道，在后台完成USDC的兑换，再通过银行网络把美元汇给用户。虽然Backpack官方未明言使用Circle，但其USDC通道开放的举措本身就体现了Circle所倡导的稳定币跨境支付应用场景circle.com。因此，从设计上看，Backpack 的法币出入金体系是对FTX模式的一种延续和致敬，即充分利用稳定币作为清算中介，实现跨境汇款的低成本与高效率。

银行网络与 Equals Money： 更有意思的是，有社区用户实测 Backpack 的美元提现，发现汇款发起方显示为“Equals Money PLC”btcxiaolinzi.top。Equals Money 是英国一家持有FCA牌照的电子货币机构(EMI)，为企业提供银行转账和外汇服务btcxiaolinzi.top。测试者推断，Backpack 可能在 Equals Money 开立了企业账户，用于代替传统银行向用户汇出美元btcxiaolinzi.top。这一细节揭示了Backpack出金架构的实现路径：Backpack 很可能将待提现的USDC通过某种方式兑换成法币并存入其在Equals Money的账户，由后者完成跨境电汇至用户收款银行。由于Equals Money本质上连接着欧洲和国际支付网络，Backpack借助它可以避开美国传统银行的限制，为全球用户（包括无法直接与美国持牌银行打交道的用户）提供出金服务。这一点在FTX时代并未被广泛报道，但符合FTX/Alameda团队擅长搭建复杂金融通道的作风。由此推断， Backpack 确实在承袭FTX时期的清算理念：利用多层金融机构合作（如稳定币发行方、电子货币机构等），构筑高效的全球资金出入网络。在表面0手续费的背后，可能是由Backpack或其合作方（如做市商）承担了兑换成本，以吸引用户panewslab.com。目前这一体系已进入公开测试及运营阶段，随着更多支付方式（ACH、SEPA）的推出，Backpack正逐步完善其全球法币出入金矩阵panewslab.com。

Amber Group 的潜在支持角色

作为Backpack的重要战略投资方，Amber Group 在该体系中可能扮演多重支持角色。首先是资金层面： Amber参与了Backpack的A轮融资nftgators.com并获得股权，这意味着Amber对Backpack的发展具有直接利益。在FTX倒闭后，Amber选择投资由FTX前团队创立的新交易所，体现出其对这支团队能力和商业模式的认可。Amber本身是知名的加密市场做市和金融服务公司，管理着庞大的资产并具备深厚的流动性提供能力dailycoin.com。因此可以合理推测，Amber除了资本投入，还可能作为做市商为Backpack的交易提供充足的流动性支持，确保用户在Backpack上交易时有良好的市场深度和稳定的价格。这种隐性支持符合许多交易所背后有大做市商“站台”的行业惯例。尤其Backpack定位要提供低成本的稳定币兑换和跨链流动性，Amber在稳定币交易市场的经验和库存或可帮助其维持汇率稳定。

其次是技术与基础设施支持： Amber Group 多年来构建了自己的交易系统（包括托管、风控和前端应用，如之前面向零售的 WhaleFin 应用）。尽管目前未有公开信息表明Backpack直接复用了Amber的技术，但不排除Amber在底层架构上提供咨询或授权支持的可能。例如，Amber深耕多链资产管理和清算，其内部API或合规方案可能对Backpack搭建跨法币/加密的基础设施有所启发。双方如果有合作，极有可能保持低调以避免监管敏感。还有一种支持形式是隐性投资或子基金合作： Amber可能通过旗下基金或关联投资工具，持有Backpack相关业务的权益而不公开身份。然而截至目前，我们尚未发现明确证据证明Amber有这种“隐形”持股行为——Amber作为领投方之一出现于公开融资名单，说明其支持主要还是以正式股权投资和业务协作的方式进行coinspeaker.com。

第三是合规与网络资源： Amber在全球（尤其亚洲）拥有广泛的业务网络和合规资源。Backpack注册在阿联酋迪拜，并计划拓展美国、日本、欧洲等市场learn.backpack.exchangelearn.backpack.exchange。Amber总部位于亚洲（最初在香港，新加坡等地开展业务），对东亚和东南亚市场非常了解。Amber的联合创始人团队中有合规专家，曾帮助公司获取多地牌照。Backpack的联合创始人之一（Can Sun）本身是前FTX法务，这保证了内部合规经验，但Amber的外部资源也可能提供协助。例如，Amber在香港与监管机构打交道的经验，或许有助于Backpack寻求香港或东南亚牌照；Amber在银行业和支付领域的关系网络，也可能帮助Backpack连接银行通道（如引荐像Equals Money这样的机构）。虽然这方面多属于推测，但考虑到Amber投资后通常会积极赋能被投企业，Backpack有理由从Amber处获得合规咨询、市场拓展等方面的帮助。

总的来看，Amber Group 对 Backpack 的支持可能是**“润物细无声”**式的：既体现在台前的融资与做市合作，也体现在幕后的资源共享和经验输出。这种支持帮助Backpack在短时间内补齐了从交易技术到法币通道的诸多要素，使其有能力低成本快速上线类似FTX当年的核心功能（如稳定币快速出入金）。然而，由于双方都未公开详述合作细节，我们对Amber介入的深度仍缺乏直接证据，只能从结果倒推其可能性。

Circle、Equals Money 等第三方的关联

在Backpack、FTX与Amber的关系网络中，Circle和Equals Money等第三方机构扮演了关键“节点”，它们的出现为三者合作提供了基础设施支撑：

• Circle（USDC发行方）： Circle公司本身与FTX及Backpack都有千丝万缕的业务联系。FTX在世时是USDC重要的使用方，帮助USDC拓展了交易所场景；FTX垮台后，Backpack继续扛起“稳定币交易所”的大旗，大量采用USDC作为美元计价和清算工具panewslab.com。虽然我们没有公开材料直接指出Backpack已与Circle签署合作协议，但Backpack推出USD/USDC通道的举措实际是在推动USDC的使用，这与Circle致力于扩大USDC应用的战略不谋而合circle.com。Circle近年来打造跨境支付网络，与多家交易平台和金融机构合作提供法币-稳定币转换服务circle.com。因此，有理由相信Backpack在后台利用了Circle的流动性或API来实现用户提币时的USDC兑换和赎回。比如，当用户在Backpack提取美元，Backpack可能将等额USDC通过Circle赎回成美元，Circle则将该美元汇入Backpack的银行账户进行出金。这种模式其实正是Circle提供给企业客户的“稳定币托管清算”服务之一circle.com。换言之，Circle充当了Backpack法币出金链条中的关键一环，尽管普通用户感知不到它的存在。反过来看Amber，作为全球领先的做市商，也大量使用USDC进行交易和结算，Amber与Circle之间亦可能有直接合作关系（如参与Circle的伙伴计划等）。可以说，Circle及其USDC网络构成了FTX时代和Backpack时代连接传统金融和加密世界的桥梁：FTX和Backpack都踩在这座桥上快速发展，而Amber作为市场参与者，同样频繁走这座桥，为自身和伙伴创造价值。

• Equals Money（英国电子货币机构）： 前文提及，Equals Money PLC 在Backpack的出金过程中显现出来btcxiaolinzi.top。这家公司提供面向企业的银行即服务(BaaS)，允许像Backpack这样的客户通过其平台发起全球付款。Equals Money的出现意味着Backpack选择了一条灵活的合规路径来实现银行转账功能：相比直接开设传统银行账户，使用EMI能更快获取支付能力且准入门槛较低。FTX时期并未传出使用EMI的消息，因为当时FTX可直接依赖自己的银行关系网（例如通过位于美国、欧洲的自有账户）来处理汇款。然而在后FTX时代，许多加密公司（包括Amber）都在寻找新的银行替代方案，EMI因此受到青睐。具体联系： 根据实测，Backpack用户提现美元到Wise时，Wise收到的汇款来自Equals Moneybtcxiaolinzi.top。Wise作为跨境汇款平台，其收款机制对资金来源要求严格，但Equals Money持有FCA牌照，属于受监管机构，Wise接收来自Equals的资金被视为合规btcxiaolinzi.top。由此推断，Backpack通过Equals的企业账户，将兑换好的美元直接打给用户填入的收款账号（包括Wise提供的虚拟账号）。这表明Backpack和Equals Money之间有直接业务往来，Equals是Backpack法币出金服务链条上的合作伙伴。值得一提的是，Amber Group 此前在欧洲也曾探索电子货币牌照或合作渠道的可能，尽管无法确认Amber是否也使用Equals，但不排除Amber为Backpack牵线搭桥、推荐了Equals这类服务商的可能性。

综合来看， Circle和Equals Money分别代表了稳定币清算层和法币支付层的基础设施，与Backpack/FTX/Amber的联系体现为：Circle提供“链上到链下”的美元流动性支持，Equals提供“链下”最后一公里的银行网络接口。三者之所以都选择/使用这些渠道，是因为它们共享了对加密法币融合效率的追求。对于FTX和Backpack而言，这些渠道是业务方案的一部分；对于Amber而言，这些渠道是服务布局和投资的一环（Amber支持的交易所采用了这些方案，也间接符合Amber推动行业基础设施完善的利益）。

“交叉代币解锁”机制与链上协作迹象

“交叉代币解锁”是指Amber、Backpack（或其关联项目）之间通过持有彼此发行的代币，并利用协议合作、解锁计划或链上交易，实现协同利益的一种机制。鉴于Backpack尚处于发展初期，我们需要探讨哪些代币或资产可能涉及双方的互动：

• Backpack 平台代币的潜在发行： 根据Backpack社区的信息，平台计划通过交易积分空投方式向活跃用户发放代币资格btcxiaolinzi.top。这暗示Backpack未来会推出自己的平台代币。若真如此，早期投资方（包括Amber Group）很可能在代币经济中占有一席之地，例如通过投资协议获得一定比例的平台代币配额。在代币正式解锁流通时，Amber等机构投资者将持有相应份额。这就产生了潜在的“交叉代币”联系：Amber持有Backpack的代币，并可在协议允许的时间窗口解锁出售或利用。这种关系一方面绑定了Amber与Backpack的长期利益，另一方面也为Amber提供了在二级市场获利或支持Backpack代币市值的机会。如果Backpack设计代币经济时有锁仓解锁期，那么Amber的代币解锁时间和数量将受到协议约束。从链上数据看，未来可以观察这些大额代币解锁地址是否与Amber的钱包存在关联，以验证Amber对Backpack代币的处置行为。当前，由于Backpack代币尚未发行，我们只能提出这一推测性机制，等待后续链上数据来印证。

• Amber 持仓代币与Backpack业务的协同： 反之，Amber Group 或其子基金本身持有众多加密资产，是否有与Backpack生态互动的情况？例如，Amber可能持有某些与Backpack生态有关的项目代币（如Solana链上资产，Backpack钱包支持的特定NFT/代币等）。一个案例是Backpack团队曾在Solana上发行受欢迎的 xNFT系列“Mαd Lads”NFTlearn.backpack.exchange。Amber或其投资部门是否参与了该NFT的投资或持有尚无公开资料，但不排除Amber透过场内交易购买一些以支持Backpack生态热度。再者，如果Amber在其他项目上持有代币，而Backpack平台上线这些资产交易，Amber可能通过链上转账将流动性注入Backpack，从而实现双方受益——Amber获得流动性做市收益，Backpack获得交易量和资产丰富度。这可以视作一种链上协作。例如Amber持有大量某种代币X，在Backpack上新上线代币X交易对时，Amber账户向Backpack的热钱包充值代币X提供初始流动性。这样的行为在链上会呈现Amber已知地址向Backpack地址的大额转账。如果将来这些数据出现，将成为印证双方链上合作的直接证据。目前，此类链上轨迹还未有公开披露，我们只能假设其存在的可能性。

• FTX 遗留资产与Backpack 的关联： 另一个值得一提的链上观察维度是FTX/Alameda遗留资产的动向。FTX倒闭后，其相关钱包曾多次异动。Backpack团队作为前员工，有可能知晓某些地址或资产的情况。但由于破产清算在法庭监管下进行，直接将FTX遗留资产转给新项目不太现实。不过，不排除某些前Alameda投资的项目代币后来为Backpack团队所用。例如，Alameda早期投资的项目若代币解锁，Backpack团队个人可能持有部分并用于新平台的流动性。这种间接关联较难确认，但链上仍可寻找蛛丝马迹，比如监测前Alameda标识的钱包与Backpack相关地址之间的交易。如果有频繁互动，可能暗示Backpack获取了Alameda旧有资产的支持。至今未见显著证据，推测空间大于实证。

小结： “交叉代币解锁”机制目前更多停留在理论推演层面。我们确认了Backpack未来存在发行平台代币的规划btcxiaolinzi.top；也确认Amber作为投资方大概率会获得并持有该代币份额。但具体的锁仓解锁安排、双方是否会通过特殊协议（如做市激励、流动性挖矿等）进行合作，还有待官方披露或链上数据验证。链上分析工具可以在未来帮助捕捉Amber地址与Backpack生态代币/NFT的交互，从而揭示深层协作。如果发现Amber旗下地址在Backpack代币解锁后立即大量转入交易所，可能意味着Amber选择变现；反之，若锁定期内就有灰度交易发生，甚至可能存在双方提前约定的场外交换。这些都是值得持续监测的方向，但就目前信息来看，尚无定论。

\ 图：FTX、Amber Group 与 Backpack 三者关系示意图。红色/橙色线表示团队和股权延续（FTX前员工和投资延续到Backpack，Amber参与投资并可能提供流动性）；蓝色线表示Backpack法币出金所依赖的稳定币清算和银行通道（通过USDC及Equals Money实现）；灰色虚线表示FTX和Amber分别与USDC发行方Circle在业务上的联系。这些关系共同构成了Backpack在FTX余荫和Amber支持下快速搭建全球业务的基础。

关键证据与信息缺口

通过上述分析，我们梳理了已知的信息链条，并挖掘了若干可能的隐秘关联，同时也识别出需要进一步调查的信息空白：

• 明确的证据链： 我们找到了多项公开资料证明Backpack与FTX/Amber的联系：包括创始团队来自FTX/Alamedacoinspeaker.com、FTX Ventures 曾投资Backpack母公司nftgators.com、Amber Group 参与了Backpack的融资coinspeaker.com、多名FTX旧部现在Backpack任职coinspeaker.com等。这些形成了人员和资金延续的直接证据。另外，通过用户分享和代码库，我们确认Backpack法币出金使用了Equals Money通道btcxiaolinzi.top并提供了0手续费的USD/USDC转换panewslab.com——这证明了Backpack确实建立了类似FTX当年的稳定币清算架构，只是技术实现上借助了新的合作方(Equals Money)。这些证据支撑了本文的大部分推论基础。

• 合理的推测与佐证： 有些关联尚无官方公告证明，但基于行业惯例和现有线索推测合理，并有部分侧面佐证。例如，Amber 为Backpack提供做市流动性支援一事，没有直接新闻来源，但考虑到Amber投资交易所的动机和能力，此推断具有高概率可靠性。再如，Backpack疑似使用Circle的USDC清算服务，虽无明示，但从其业务模式和Circle的产品定位来看circle.com，这一幕后合作应该存在。同样地，Amber可能通过非公开方式向Backpack输出技术/合规支持，也是基于双方利益绑定关系而做出的推断。这些推测目前缺乏直接证据，只能算作可能性假设，需要后续留意更多细节披露。

• 信息缺口与待验证点： 首先，关于Backpack具体的清算路径，我们仍不清楚它如何在链上/链下转换巨额USDC为法币。虽然Equals Money出现在汇款端btcxiaolinzi.top，但在那之前USDC的结算或许涉及Circle或其他做市商（如Amber）——这部分交易发生在后台，需更多技术信息或链上监控来捕捉。其次，Amber与Backpack之间除股权外是否存在合同约定的业务合作（如Amber成为指定做市商、提供信贷支持等）目前尚未公开，属于信息真空。第三，Backpack未来的代币发行和分配细节未知，Amber等投资方将如何参与、解锁周期如何，将直接影响“交叉代币”协作的发生与否，需等官方白皮书出台。第四，更多链上证据的挖掘：由于没有公开的钱包标签，很难直接将某条链上交易指认属于Amber或Backpack。但如果未来Backpack发行代币或大型交易上线，链上必然会出现相关资金流，我们可以通过已知Amber常用地址（如果有披露）来交叉比对，看其是否与Backpack生态有交互。这是一块需要进一步研究的领域，可能借助区块链分析工具和交易图谱来补全证据。最后，还有监管和法律结构的信息：例如Backpack在不同司法管辖区的注册实体与银行账号详情，FTX遗产处理过程中是否对Backpack团队有约束，这些在公开资料中都尚无答案。

结论

综合全篇分析，Backpack、Amber Group 与已倒闭的FTX之间确实存在千丝万缕的延续和关联。Backpack可以被视作FTX精神和技术路线的“继承者”之一——由FTX旧将创建，在FTX垮台造成的市场空白中迅速崛起coinspeaker.com。Amber Group 则扮演了重要的扶持者角色，通过投资和可能的资源注入，参与了Backpack的重建过程coinspeaker.com。在具体业务层面，Backpack延续了FTX时代的创新，如高效的稳定币清算和全球化业务布局，但为了适应新的环境，它也采用了新的工具（如Equals Money的出金渠道）和更严格的合规措施（迪拜等地的牌照）coinspeaker.com。这一切背后，隐现着Amber等老牌加密公司的身影支持，以及Circle等基础设施提供商的支撑。

当然，隐秘关联并不意味着不正当行为，上述关系很多是基于正常的商业合作和延续，只是未明言于公众。例如，前FTX团队利用自己的经验和人脉创建新平台，本身无可厚非；Amber投资新交易所也是市场行为。从推理和现有证据看，并没有直接迹象显示三者存在违法的秘密勾连。然而，对于研究者和行业观察者而言，了解这些联系有助于洞察加密行业格局的演变：FTX的倒下并未让其积累的人才和思想消失，反而通过创业和投资，以新的形式（Backpack）继续影响市场；Amber等老牌玩家则通过战略投资，将自己的版图延伸到新兴平台，以保持竞争力。

未来展望： 随着Backpack进一步发展，我们预计会有更多信息浮出水面来验证或修正上述假设。例如，Backpack若推出平台代币，其投资人持仓和解锁情况将记录在链，从而揭示Amber等的参与细节；再比如，Backpack进入美国市场时需要公开其合作银行或支付伙伴，届时我们可能印证Circle等在其中的角色。如果出现新的合作公告或监管披露文件，也能帮助我们更清晰地绘制三者关系网。目前的信息不对称使我们只能尽力拼凑一幅关联图景，并针对关键环节提供已知证据支持。仍存在的一些信息缺口需要持续跟进调查。总之，Backpack、Amber Group 与FTX的故事折射出加密行业的新旧交替与传承。在FTX的余烬上，新火花正在由熟悉旧世界的人点燃，而这些火花能否照亮一个更加合规稳健的未来，还有待时间检验。 nftgators.comcoinspeaker.com

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Backpack 平台 USDC 出金渠道深度研究报告

背景简介

Backpack 是近年来崛起的加密交易与钱包平台，由前 FTX/Alameda 团队成员创立coindesk.comfinsmes.com。2024 年初 Backpack 曾宣布与 Banxa 合作提供法币出入金服务，支持130多个国家用户使用信用卡/银行渠道买卖加密资产learn.backpack.exchange。2025 年 5 月，Backpack 官方更是推出“0 手续费”的 USD⇄USDC 出金通道，允许用户通过电汇将 USDC 1:1 无损兑换为美元并提取到银行账户lianpr.combinance.com。本报告将详细分析 Backpack 当前的出金方式及其合作渠道、低成本运营的原因、Backpack 与支付机构 Equals Money 的关系，并探讨如果搭建类似的加密金融服务，应如何与 USDC 发行方 Circle 建立合作。

Backpack 的 USDC 出金方式与合作渠道

USD⇄USDC 零手续费通道 – Backpack Exchange 已面向全球用户开放美元与 USDC 间的法币转换，并永久免除任何手续费23btc.com。用户完成 KYC 验证后，可以通过 电汇（Wire Transfer） 将美元直接充值到 Backpack 平台获取等值 USDC，或将持有的 USDC 提现兑换为美元电汇至本人银行账户binance.com。据官方介绍，该通道具备“三大核心优势”：一是零摩擦转换，实现美元与 USDC 间的无缝1:1兑换；二是即时到账，宣称电汇入金/提现可秒级处理；三是全球覆盖，后续将支持 ACH、SEPA 等本地清算网络23btc.com。

合作金融机构 – 为实现合规的法币收付，Backpack 并非自行持有银行牌照，而是借助第三方持牌机构的通道来托管用户的法币资金assets.ctfassets.net。有迹象表明 Backpack 使用了英国的电子货币机构 Equals Money 作为其出入金通道之一：在其开源代码中，Backpack 将“EqualsMoney”集成为一个区块链/支付网络类型github.com。这意味着 Backpack 平台可以通过 Equals Money 提供的多币种账户和支付网络，来代收用户的银行转账并代付提现资金。除了英国渠道，Backpack 集团在全球多地布有实体，以拓展支付能力。例如，用户实测的电汇显示汇款方为 “Trek Labs Australia Pty Ltd”（Backpack 在澳大利亚的子公司）medium.com。这家公司作为汇款主体将等值美元汇出到用户银行账户。除澳洲外，Backpack 背后的 Trek Labs 集团还在迪拜设有 Trek Labs Ltd FZE，在立陶宛设有 Trek Labs UAB，在美国设有 Trek Labs, Inc.medium.com。这种全球子公司布局使 Backpack 能借助各地区的合作银行或支付机构完成跨境资金结算，覆盖包括欧美、亚太在内的广阔用户群。

出金流程 – 用户在 Backpack 平台发起 USDC 提现时，平台会通过上述合作渠道将用户的 USDC 兑换为等额法币，并由托管金融机构从其法币池中汇出资金。比如，当用户提取 1,000 USDC 到香港银行账户，Backpack 将该 USDC 转换为 1,000 美元，由合作机构通过 SWIFT 电汇发送。用户可在 Backpack 后台实时查询电汇状态medium.com。实际测试显示，从提现到款项到账香港银行大约耗时36小时（约1.5个工作日）medium.com。汇款时收款行信息需要用户自行提供并添加到平台，如收款行名称、地址、SWIFT代码等medium.com。Backpack 平台本身要求用户的银行账户姓名与平台注册姓名一致，以确保合规。assets.ctfassets.netassets.ctfassets.net

低成本出金的架构与原因

Backpack 能提供零手续费的稳定币出金服务，得益于其结算架构设计和合规路径上的优势，使其运营成本得以控制在极低水平：

• Stablecoin 即时清算：Backpack 利用 USDC 稳定币作为桥梁，实现用户资金在链上和银行账户之间的快速清算。由于 USDC 与美元1:1锚定，兑换过程中没有汇率损耗或价差成本lianpr.com。平台内美元和 USDC 的余额转换也是按面值对等，不收取点差，这实现了资金的“零摩擦”兑换23btc.com。相比传统银行汇款需要经过多级代理和 Forex 转换，Stablecoin 的使用大幅降低了兑换费用和时间延迟。

• 第三方牌照通道：Backpack 选择通过持牌支付机构（如 Equals Money 等）来承载法币收付功能，而非自行作为汇款人展开业务。这种策略绕开了平台直接获取银行牌照或支付牌照的高成本投入，转而借用第三方机构的现有牌照和账户网络。例如，Equals Money作为英国受监管的电子货币机构，拥有多币种账户和全球汇款能力。Backpack 通过 API 接入该机构后，相当于获取了一套现成的银行基础设施，可以以较低费用发送SWIFT、电汇等github.com。第三方机构通常按照交易量收取较小的服务费，Backpack 可以在当前发展阶段予以补贴，从而对用户“免手续费”。这种“牌照即服务”的模式使 Backpack 将合规成本外包，自己专注于用户和交易环节。

• 合规及监管路径：Backpack 利用多个辖区的子公司布局，根据各地监管环境选择最优的出金路径。例如，在欧洲可能通过立陶宛子公司对接 EU 区的支付网络，在亚洲通过澳大利亚子公司汇出 SWIFT。medium.com这种灵活性使他们能规避单一地区监管限制，选择成本最低、效率最高的清算通道完成提现。此外，多实体运营也有助于分散风险，符合各地反洗钱要求，为零手续费策略提供合规保障。

• 资金结算与收益：尽管对用户宣称0手续费，Backpack 可能通过其他方式覆盖成本。例如，用户的法币资金在汇出前可能短暂存放于合作机构的池中，这些资金量若较大，可产生利息收益，用于弥补转账费用coindesk.com。另外，Backpack 平台的主要收入来自交易手续费和利息产品等，高频交易活动带来的收入能够补贴出金通道的成本，从整体上实现盈亏平衡。

值得注意的是，“0 手续费”指的是 Backpack 平台本身不向用户收取出金手续费，但并不意味着整个过程完全免费。银行端的固定费用仍可能存在。例如，有用户反馈，通过 Backpack 将 USDC 提现到香港 ZA Bank 账户时，Backpack 未收取费用，但 ZA Bank 会收取一次性 20 美元的入账费用twitter.com。类似地，美国银行接收国际电汇通常也会有每笔 15\~30 美元不等的手续费。这些费用属于收款行或中间行收费，并非 Backpack 或其合作方收取。即便如此，相比传统OTC中介或其他交易所的出金方案，Backpack 的整体成本依然极低——没有额外的汇兑损耗，仅需承担银行常规入账费，大额提现尤为划算。一位资深用户将 Backpack 提现称为“目前最优、最简单的合规出金路径”，反馈资金1天左右即到账，流程非常顺畅x.com。可见，Backpack 通过精心搭建的结算架构，实现了高效低成本的出金服务，在合规前提下大大降低了用户将数字资产变现的门槛。

Backpack 与 Equals Money 的关系考察

Equals Money 背景 – Equals Money 是英国上市金融科技公司 Equals Group PLC 旗下的支付业务品牌，提供多币种电子账户、国际汇款和企业外汇兑换等服务。该公司前身为 FairFX，持有英国金融行为监管局（FCA）颁发的电子货币机构牌照，主营为企业客户提供全球支付解决方案fxcintel.com。简单来说，Equals Money 扮演的是受监管的“非银行支付平台”角色，可为合作伙伴提供银行账户托管和跨境支付通道。对于缺乏自有牌照的加密公司而言，与这类机构合作能快速获得法币收付能力。

业务合作关系 – 目前公开信息并未有 Backpack 与 Equals Money 签署官方战略合作的公告，但从技术集成和业务逻辑上看，两者存在密切的业务往来。Backpack 在代码库中增添了对 “EqualsMoney” 的支持选项github.com表明其系统已经对接了 Equals 提供的支付 API。在用户充值/提现时，Backpack 系统可以将指令通过该接口发送给 Equals，由后者执行实际的银行转账操作（如从对应的用户托管账户划款）。换言之，Equals Money可能充当了 Backpack 用户法币资金的托管方和结算代理。还有用户实测提到，从 Backpack 提现美元时，资金是由 “Trek Labs Australia Pty Ltd” 汇出medium.com。结合上下文，推测 Trek Labs Australia 这家 Backpack 子公司可能在 Equals Money或类似机构开设了运营账户，用于统一汇出用户提现款项。这个细节侧面印证了 Backpack 利用第三方支付平台进行法币结算：汇款主体虽然名义上是 Backpack 关联公司，但实际的支付通道和银行接口由 Equals Money 等持牌机构提供支持。

人员和投资交集 – 在股权和团队层面，暂未发现 Backpack 与 Equals Money 有直接的交叉。Backpack 的融资由加密领域的风投基金主导（Placeholder、Hashed、Amber Group 等）finsmes.com，并无公开提及来自 Equals 集团的投资。管理团队方面，Backpack 由前加密交易所从业者主导，而 Equals Money 属于传统金融支付行业，公司高管以金融背景为主，目前没有明显的人事重合记录。此外，Equals Group PLC 在2024年底宣布将被嵌入式金融公司 Railsr 收购thisweekinfintech.com（该交易有待监管批准），这属于其自身战略调整，与 Backpack 无直接关联。总体来看，Backpack 与 Equals Money 更可能是一种商业合作关系：Backpack 作为客户接入 Equals Money 的支付服务，以使用其许可和网络；双方在产权和团队上保持独立。此类合作在金融科技领域较为常见，属于优势互补：加密平台获取法币通道，支付机构拓展客户和资金流量。

合作的意义 – 通过与 Equals Money 等机构合作，Backpack 实现了快速合规地打通法币出入口，在竞争激烈的交易所市场上形成差异化优势。用户能够享受到类似银行级别的出金体验（直接电汇到账）且几乎零成本x.com，这极大增强了 Backpack 平台的吸引力和资金留存率。对 Equals Money 而言，服务 Backpack 这样高增长的加密客户，也为其带来了可观的跨境支付业务量和创新合作机遇。在严格遵守反洗钱和监管要求的前提下，这种加密与传统金融的合作模式，展现了融合创新的前景。

搭建类似业务与 Circle 合作的要点

假如希望搭建与 Backpack 类似的稳定币出入金架构，与 USDC 发行方 Circle 建立合作是关键一步。Circle 提供针对企业的账户服务和 API接口，使合作方能够方便地在应用中集成 USDC 与法币的转换和支付功能circle.comcircle.com。以下是与 Circle 合作时需要关注的主要要点：

\

\\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \

合作/开户要点\	说明\
**主体资格**\	需要有合法注册的公司实体，并处于 Circle 支持的地区（如北美、欧洲等）:contentReference[oaicite:32]{index=32}。Circle 暂不向个人用户开放其直接铸币/赎回服务，仅面向符合资质的机构客户。\
**业务规模要求**\	Circle 的企业账户（如 \Circle Mint\ 计划）主要针对大体量、批量使用 USDC 的公司，例如交易所、托管机构、数字钱包平台或银行等:contentReference[oaicite:33]{index=33}。一般要求有大规模稳定币铸造、清算需求的批发客户。如果业务量较小，Circle可能会建议通过第三方交易所获取 USDC:contentReference[oaicite:34]{index=34}。\
**KYC 合规审查**\	Circle 对申请企业进行严格的背景尽调和合规审核，包括企业高管和受益人的身份验证、注册信息、经营范围、反洗钱和制裁风险评估等:contentReference[oaicite:35]{index=35}。需提供公司注册证书、主要人员身份证明、经营合规方案等材料。审核时间通常为数天至数周不等，取决于材料完备程度和尽调深度:contentReference[oaicite:36]{index=36}。\
**账户功能**\	通过审核后，可开立 Circle 账户并使用其平台功能。企业可将银行资金充值到 Circle 账户自动兑换为 USDC，或将 USDC 提交给 Circle 赎回为法币并银行转账到指定账户:contentReference[oaicite:37]{index=37}。Circle 账户支持多种渠道的出入金，包括美元的链上转账、ACH和电汇等，Circle 会负责处理底层的银行交易和区块链交互。\
**API 接入**\	Circle 提供完善的 REST API 和 SDK，方便开发者将 USDC 的铸造、销毁和支付功能集成到自己平台中。通过 API，可以自动化执行诸如：“发起一笔银行电汇，将指定金额的 USDC 从客户余额兑换为美元并汇出到客户银行账户”等操作。Circle 强调其基础设施可让合作伙伴专注前端用户体验，而 Circle 负责处理后端复杂的支付和结算流程:contentReference[oaicite:38]{index=38}。\
**费用结构**\	Circle 对符合条件的合作伙伴不收取开户或平台使用费用（即铸造/赎回 USDC 本身无手续费）:contentReference[oaicite:39]{index=39}。它通过管理 USDC 储备金的收益来支撑运营。不过，使用其账户进行法币转账时，仍需承担银行的转账费或中间行费用（例如电汇手续费）。Circle 通常支持\ACH\等本地免费通道降低成本，国际电汇则按银行标准收费。\
**合规责任**\	成为 Circle 的合作方后，并不意味着可以放松自身合规要求。Circle 在其层面履行对直接客户（合作企业）的KYC/AML义务，但若合作企业面向终端用户提供服务，则需要其自行对用户尽责。比如，Circle 要求在一定金额以上的转账需要传递用户身份信息（Travel Rule）:contentReference[oaicite:40]{index=40}。因此，搭建类似 Backpack 的服务，仍须建立严格的用户审核和交易监控机制，与 Circle 配合确保全链路的合规。\

合作流程：实际操作中，搭建团队需要先在 Circle 官网提交企业账户申请，提供相关资料并通过合规审核circle.com。拿到账户后，可登录 Circle 提供的业务后台或通过 API Sandbox 进行测试集成，熟悉 USDC 钱包、法币钱包的操作。一旦准备就绪，即可将功能推向生产环境，为用户开通 USDC 与法币的双向兑换。值得注意的是，企业应根据所服务用户区域，获取必要的当地监管许可或豁免。例如在美国需要遵守联邦和州级货币转移许可证要求，在欧盟则可能利用立陶宛等国的数字资产服务牌照。这与 Backpack 多地布局子公司的做法类似，都是为了符合法规开展业务。

成功案例：除了 Backpack，业内已有多家知名机构通过与 Circle 合作开展稳定币支付业务。例如 Binance 与 Circle 达成战略合作，使其平台更广泛支持 USDCfortune.com；支付公司 Stripe 也集成了 Circle API，在其产品中新增了稳定币收付功能stables.money。这些案例表明，通过 Circle 提供的基础设施，加密公司可以较为迅速地搭建起合规、高效的法币⇄稳定币出入金体系，触达全球80多个国家的用户circle.com。因此，对于希望复制 Backpack 模式的新创团队而言，提早布局与 Circle 等发行方的合作，并搭建完善的合规架构，将是取得监管认可和市场竞争优势的关键。

结论

Backpack 平台通过巧妙融合稳定币技术和传统金融渠道，打造出了低成本、高效率的USD⇄USDC出金方案。在无需用户承担手续费的情况下，依托 Equals Money 等支付伙伴和自身全球子公司网络，实现了合规的美元电汇快速到账23btc.commedium.com。这一模式的成功在于对结算架构的创新设计和对监管资源的充分利用：既发挥了 USDC 稳定币实时、低成本的优势，又借力持牌金融机构解决了法币合规问题。这为行业树立了一个范例。

对于有意搭建类似业务的团队，与 Circle 建立合作无疑是重要的一环。Circle 提供了成熟的 USDC 基础设施，只要申请企业拥有足够的资质和规模，通过严格的 KYC 审核后即可获得稳定币铸造和法币结算的能力circle.comcircle.com。在此基础上，新业务还需结合自身情况选择适当的支付合作方和注册管辖地，搭建自己的合规“护城河”。只有技术与合规并重，才能如同 Backpack 一样，在保证低成本出金的同时，赢得监管许可和用户信赖。

参考资料：

• Backpack 官方公告及新闻稿binance.comlianpr.com23btc.com

• Backpack 用户协议与代码仓库assets.ctfassets.netgithub.com

• 媒体报道（CoinDesk 等）coindesk.comlearn.backpack.exchange

• 第三方分析与用户实测反馈medium.comtwitter.com

• Circle 官方文档与博客circle.comcircle.comcircle.com

@ 84b0c46a:417782f5

至高の油淋鶏の動画 https://youtu.be/Ur2tYVZppBU のレシピ書き起こし

材料（2人分）

• 鶏モモ肉…300g
• A［しょうゆ…小さじ1　塩…小さじ1／3　酒…大さじ1と1／2　おろしショウガ…5g　片栗粉…大さじ1］
• 長ネギ（みじん切り）…1／2本（50g）
• ショウガ（みじん切り）…10g
• B［しょうゆ…大さじ2　砂糖…小さじ4　酢…大さじ1 ゴマ油…小さじ1 味の素…4ふり 赤唐辛子（小口切り）…1本分］
• 赤唐辛子、花椒（各好みで）…各適量

手順

1. 肉を切る

皮を上にして適当に八等分くらい

1. 肉を肉入ってたトレーかなんか適当な入れ物に入れてそこに 醤油こさじ１、塩こさじ1/3、酒おおさじ1と1/2 と ショウガ*５グラムすりおろして入れて軽く混ぜる
2. そこに、片栗粉おおさじ１入れて混ぜる（漬ける段階にも片栗粉を入れることで厚衣になりやすい）
3. 常温で１５分くらい置く
4. その間にたれを作る

   1. 長ネギ50gを細かいみじん切りにしてボウルに入れる（白いとこも青いとこも）

      （端っこを残して縦に切り込みを入れて横に切るとよい） 2. ショウガ10gを細かいみじん切りにして同じボウルにいれる 3. 鷹の爪１本分入れる（任意） 4. 醤油おおさじ２、砂糖小さじ4、酢（穀物酢）おおさじ１を入れる 5. 味の素４振りいれてよく混ぜる 6. 小さなフライパン（油が少なくて済むので）に底に浸るくらいの油を入れ、中火で温める 7. 肉に片栗粉をたっぷりつけて揚げる 8. 揚がったらキッチンペーパーを敷いたなにかしらとかに上げる 9. もりつけてタレをかけて完成

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I've been thinking about how Predyx and other lightning based prediction markets might finance their operations, without undermining their core function of eliciting information from people.

The standard approach, of offering less-than-fair odds, guarantees long-run profitability (as long as you have enough customers), but it also creates a friction for participants that reduces the information value of their transactions. So, what are some less frictiony options for generating revenue?

Low hanging fruit

• Close markets in real-time: Rather than prespecifying a closing time for some markets, like sports, it's better to close the market at the moment the outcome is realized. This both prevents post hoc transactions and enables late stage transactions. This should be easily automatable (I say as someone with no idea how to do that), with the right resolution criteria.
• Round off shares: Shares and sats are discrete, so just make sure any necessary rounding is always in the house's favor.
• Set initial probabilities well: Use whatever external information is available to open markets as near to the "right" value as possible.
• Arbitrage: whenever markets are related to each other, make sure to resolve any illogical odds automatically

The point of these four is to avoid giving away free sats. None of them reduce productive use of the market. Keeping markets open up until the outcome is realized will probably greatly increase the number of transactions, since that's usually when the most information is coming in.

Third party support

• Ads are the most obvious form of third party revenue
• Sponsorships are the more interesting one: Allow sponsors to boost a market's visibility. This is similar to advertising, but it also capitalizes on the possibility of a market being of particular interest to someone.
• Charge for market creation: users should be able to create new markets (this will also enhance trade quantity and site traffic), but it should be costly to create a market. If prediction markets really provide higher quality information, then it's reasonable to charge for it.
• Arbitrage: Monitor external odds and whenever a gain can be locked in, place the bets (buy the shares) that guarantee a gain.

Bitcoin stuff

• Routing fees: The volume of sats moving into, out of, and being held in these markets will require a fairly large lightning node. Following some helpful tips to optimize fee revenue will generate some sats for logistical stuff that had to be done anyway.
• Treasury strategy: Take out loans against the revenue generated from all of the above and buy bitcoin: NGU -> repay with a fraction of the bitcoin, NGD -> repay with site revenue.

Bitcoin and Lightning Competitive Advantages

These aren't revenue ideas. They're just a couple of advantages lightning and bitcoin provide over fiat that should allow charging lower spreads than a traditional prediction market or sportsbook.

Traditional betting or prediction platforms are earning depreciating fiat, while a bitcoin based platform earns appreciating bitcoin. Traditional spreads must therefor be larger, in order to pull in the same real return. This also means the users' odds are worse on fiat platforms (again in real terms), even if the listed odds are the same, because their winnings will have depreciated by the time they receive them. Technically, this opens an opportunity to charge even higher spreads, but as mentioned in the intro, that would be bad for the information purposes of the market.

Lightning has much lower transactions costs than fiat transactions. So, even with tighter spreads, a lightning platform can net a better (nominal) return per transaction.

---

@mega_dreamer, I imagine most of those ideas were already on y'all's radar, and obviously you're already doing some, but I wanted to get them out of my head and onto digital paper. Hopefully, some of this will provide some useful food for thought.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/974372

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

เฮียไม่แน่ใจว่าโลกยุคนี้มันเปลี่ยนไป หรือแค่เล่ห์กลมันแนบเนียนขึ้น แต่ที่แน่ ๆ คือ “อาหารไม่ใช่อาหารอีกต่อไป” มันกลายเป็นสินค้าในพอร์ตการลงทุน มันกลายเป็นเครื่องมือสร้างภาพลักษณ์ และในบางมุมที่คนไม่อยากมอง...มันคือเครื่องมือควบคุมมวลชน

ทุกอย่างเริ่มจากแนวคิดที่ดูดี “เราต้องผลิตอาหารให้พอเลี้ยงคน 8,000 ล้านคน” จากนั้นบริษัทเทคโนโลยีเริ่มกระโดดเข้ามา แทนที่จะให้เกษตรกรปลูกผักเลี้ยงวัว เรากลับได้เห็นบริษัทวิเคราะห์ดีเอ็นเอของจุลินทรีย์ แล้วขายโปรตีนจากถังหมัก แทนที่จะสนับสนุนอาหารพื้นบ้าน กลับอัดเงินให้สตาร์ทอัพทำเบอร์เกอร์ที่ไม่มีเนื้อจริงแม้แต่เส้นใยเดียว

เบื้องหลังมันมี “ทุน” และทุนเหล่านี้ไม่ใช่แค่ผู้ผลิตอาหาร แต่พ่วงไปถึงบริษัทยา บริษัทวัคซีน บริษัทเทคโนโลยี บางเจ้ามีทั้งบริษัทยา + ธุรกิจฟาร์มแมลง + บริษัทลงทุนในบริษัทวิจัยพันธุกรรม แปลว่า...คนที่ขายยาให้เฮียเวลาเฮียป่วย อาจเป็นคนเดียวกับที่ขาย "อาหารที่ทำให้เฮียป่วย" ตั้งแต่แรก ตลกร้ายไหมหล่ะ หึหึหึ

เคยมีใครสังเกตไหม ว่าองค์การระดับโลกบางองค์กรที่ส่งเสริม "เนื้อทางเลือก" และ "อาหารยั่งยืน" ได้รับเงินบริจาคหรืออยู่ภายใต้บอร์ดของบริษัทผลิตอาหารอุตสาหกรรมเจ้าใหญ่ไหมนะ แล้วคำว่า “วิทยาศาสตร์รองรับ” ที่ติดบนฉลากสวย ๆ เฮียไม่รู้หรอกว่าใครเป็นคนตีความ แต่ที่รู้แน่ ๆ คือ บทวิจัยจำนวนไม่น้อย มาจากทุนวิจัยที่สนับสนุนโดยอุตสาหกรรมอาหารเอง ดั่งเช่นที่เราเรียนรู้กันมาจากประวัติศาสตร์แล้ว

มีคนเคยพูดไว้ว่า “เราควบคุมคนด้วยอาหารง่ายกว่าด้วยอาวุธ” และเฮียเริ่มเชื่อขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ เพราะถ้าบริษัทใดบริษัทหนึ่ง ควบคุมได้ทั้งอาหาร ยา ข้อมูลสุขภาพ และการวิจัย นั่นหมายความว่า เขาไม่ได้ขายของให้เฮีย แต่เขากำหนดว่าเฮียควร “อยากกินอะไร” และ “รู้สึกผิดกับอะไร”

เหมือนที่ให้ลองจินตนาการเล่น ๆ เมื่อวาน สมมติเฮียไปร้านข้าวมันไก่ปากซอยแบบดั้งเดิม สั่งไก่ต้มไม่เอาข้าวมากิน แล้วแอปสุขภาพขึ้นข้อความเตือนว่า “ไขมันสูง ส่งผลต่อคะแนนสุขภาพคุณ” แต่ถ้าเฮียสั่งข้าวกล่องสำเร็จรูปอัจฉริยะจากโปรตีนที่หมักจากจุลินทรีย์ GMO ระบบจะบอกว่า “คุณกำลังช่วยลดโลกร้อน” แล้วเพิ่มคะแนนสุขภาพให้เราไปเป็นส่วนลดครั้งต่อไป

ใครนิยามคำว่า “ดี” ให้เฮีย?

เบื้องหลังอาหารจึงไม่ใช่แค่โรงงาน แต่มันคือโครงข่ายที่พัวพันตั้งแต่ห้องแล็บ ห้องบอร์ด ไปจนถึงห้องครัวในบ้านเรา แล้วถ้าเราไม่ตั้งคำถาม เฮียกลัวว่าเราจะไม่ได้กินในสิ่งที่ร่างกายต้องการ แต่กินในสิ่งที่ “ระบบ” ต้องการให้เรากิน

ขอบคุณล่วงหน้าที่มองว่าสิ่งนี้คือการ แพนิคไปเอง ขอให้มีสุขสวัสดิ์

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