@ 32e18276:5c68e245

I’m going to be on an ordinals panels as one of the people who is counter arguing the claim that they are good for bitcoin. I decided to brush up on the technicals on how inscriptions work. I am starting to see luke’s perspective on how it is exploiting a loophole in bitcoin’s anti-data-spam mechanisms.

Storing data in Bitcoin, the “standard” way

The standard way you add “data” to bitcoin is by calling the OP_RETURN opcode. Bitcoin devs noticed that people were storing data (like the bitcoin whitepaper) in the utxo set via large multisig transactions. The problem with this is that this set is unprunable and could grow over time. OP_RETURN outputs on the other-hand are provably prunable and don’t add to utxo bloat.

Here’s an excerpt from the march 2014 0.9.0 release notes that talks about this:

On OP_RETURN: There was been some confusion and misunderstanding in the community, regarding the OP_RETURN feature in 0.9 and data in the blockchain. This change is not an endorsement of storing data in the blockchain. The OP_RETURN change creates a provably-prunable output, to avoid data storage schemes – some of which were already deployed – that were storing arbitrary data such as images as forever-unspendable TX outputs, bloating bitcoin’s UTXO database. Storing arbitrary data in the blockchain is still a bad idea; it is less costly and far more efficient to store non-currency data elsewhere.

Much of the work on bitcoin core has been focused on making sure the system continues to function in a decentralized way for its intended purpose in the presence of people trying to abuse it for things like storing data. Bitcoin core has always discouraged this, as it is not designed for storage of images and data, it is meant for moving digital coins around in cyberspace.

To help incentive-align people to not do stupid things, OP_RETURN transactions were not made non-standard, so that they are relayable by peers and miners, but with the caveat:

1. They can only push 40 bytes (later increased to 80,83, I’m guessing to support larger root merkle hashes since that is the only sane usecase for op_return)

Bitcoin also added an option called -datacarriersize which limits the total number of bytes from these outputs that you will relay or mine.

Why inscriptions are technically an exploit

Inscriptions get around the datacarriersize limit by disguising data as bitcoin script program data via OP_PUSH inside OP_IF blocks. Ordinals do not use OP_RETURN and are not subjected to datacarriersize limits, so noderunners and miners currently have limited control over the total size of this data that they wish to relay and include in blocks. Luke’s fork of bitcoin-core has some options to fight this spam, so hopefully we will see this in core sometime soon as well.

Inscriptions are also taking advantage of features in segwit v1 (witness discount) and v2/taproot (no arbitrary script size limit). Each of these features have interesting and well-justified reasons why they were introduced.

The purpose of the witness discount was to make it cheaper to spend many outputs which helps the reduction of the utxo set size. Inscriptions took advantage of this discount to store monke jpegs disguised as bitcoin scripts. Remember, bitcoin is not for storing data, so anytime bitcoin-devs accidentally make it cheap and easy to relay data then this should be viewed as an exploit. Expect it to be fixed, or at least provide tools to noderunners for fighting this spam.

Where do we go from here

The interesting part of this story is that people seem to attach value to images stored on the bitcoin blockchain, and they are willing to pay the fee to get it in the block, so non-ideologic miners and people who don’t care about the health and decentralization of bitcoin are happy to pay or collect the fee and move on.

Data should not get a discount, people should pay full price if they want to store data. They should just use op_return and hashes like opentimestamps or any other reasonable protocol storing data in bitcoin.

After going through this analysis I’ve come to the opinion that this is a pretty bad data-spam exploit and bitcoin devs should be working on solutions. Ideological devs like luke who actually care about the health and decentralization of the network are and I’m glad to see it.

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

Ganz im Geiste des klassischen Kabaretts widmen sich Franz Esser und Michael Sailer den Ereignissen des letzten Monats: Was ist passiert? Und was ist dazu zu sagen? Das ist oft frappierend - und manchmal auch zum Lachen.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/vier-wochen-wahnsinn-marz25-ein-satirischer-wochenruckblick?

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

Wir leben in einer Demokratie. So heißt es immer. Immerhin hat die Bevölkerung, der Souverän ein Mitspracherecht. Einmal alle vier Jahre. Und damit fünfundzwanzig Mal in einem Jahrhundert. Diese 25 Wahltage ergeben zeitlich 0,07 Prozent des gesamten Jahrhunderts. Würde man das Jahrhundert auf einen Tag runter rechnen, dann ergäben diese 0,07 Prozent ziemlich genau eine Minute des Mitspracherechts. Eine Minute pro Tag darf der Souverän also bestimmen, wer am restlichen Tag ungehindert schalten und walten darf – bis in das Grundgesetz hinein.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/das-grundgesetz-als-schmierzettel-von-henry-matthes?

Die Veränderung in diesem zentralen Gesetzestexten ist allein den Parteien vorbehalten. An sämtliche Änderungen halten, dürfen sich dann nachher alle – selbst dann, wenn noch so wenige Bürger dahinterstehen.

In den letzten Wochen offenbarte sich dieser Missstand in präzedenzloser Weise. Die als Sondervermögen schön-deklarierte Neuverschuldung wurde im Grundgesetz festgeschrieben. Ist eine solch selektive Umgestaltungsmöglichkeit des wichtigsten Gesetzestext einer Demokratie würdig? Bräuchte es nicht zumindest einer Absegnung durch Volksabstimmungen?

Henry Mattheß hat sich hierzu Gedanken gemacht. Hören Sie seinen Text „Das Grundgesetz als Schmierzettel“, der zunächst auf dem Blog von Norbert Häring erschienen war. 

Sprecher: Karsten Tryoke

Bild: Radio München

www.radiomuenchen.net/​\ @radiomuenchen\ www.facebook.com/radiomuenchen\ www.instagram.com/radio_muenchen/\ twitter.com/RadioMuenchen

Radio München ist eine gemeinnützige Unternehmung.\ Wir freuen uns, wenn Sie unsere Arbeit unterstützen.

GLS-Bank\ IBAN: DE65 4306 0967 8217 9867 00\ BIC: GENODEM1GLS\ Bitcoin (BTC): bc1qqkrzed5vuvl82dggsyjgcjteylq5l58sz4s927\ Ethereum (ETH): 0xB9a49A0bda5FAc3F084D5257424E3e6fdD303482

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Hello Stackers!

Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon!

A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats.

So stay a while and listen.

🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨

🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/934111

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This is a part of the Bitcoin Infinity Academy course on Knut Svanholm's book Bitcoin: Sovereignty Through Mathematics. For more information, check out our Geyser page!

The Gullible Collective

We humans are biased by nature. Everything we think we know is distorted in one way or another by our cognitive shortcomings. The human brain has been forced to evolve and adapt to whatever environment it found itself in over millennia. Having a brain that is capable of setting aside personal aims for the sake of the collective has proven to be advantageous for the evolution of our species as a whole. The same is true for every other social life form. However, letting these parts of our brains guide our political judgment can lead to disastrous results in the long run — not because of bad intentions but because of the simple fact that a few individuals will always thrive by playing every political system for personal gain. From an evolutionary perspective, an army of ay-sayers and martyrs, regardless of whether we’re talking about an army of humans or an army of ants or bacteria, has an advantage over a less disciplined one. From an individual's evolutionary perspective though, it is better to  appear like you’re a martyr but to run and hide when the actual battle happens. This at least partly explains the high percentage of sociopaths in leadership positions all over the world. If you can appear to act for the good of the collective but dupe your way into more and more power behind people’s backs, you’re more likely to succeed than someone playing a fair game.

The story of banking and fiat currency is a story about collective madness. Historically, rulers have tricked people into killing each other through the promise of an after-life. Through central banking, the rulers of the world wars could trick people into building armies for them by printing more money. This is seldom mentioned in history classes because it still goes on today on a massive scale. Inflation might no longer be paying tank factory workers, but it is the main mechanism that funnels wealth into the pockets of the super-rich and away from everyone else. Inflation is the mechanism that hinders us from transporting the value of our labor through time. It makes us avoid real long-term thinking. We hardly ever consider this a problem because none of us has ever experienced an alternative to it.

Money is still vastly misunderstood by the lion's share of the world’s population. In most parts of the world, banks do something called fractional reserve lending. This means that they lend out money that they don't have — conjuring up new money out of thin air and handing it out to their customers as loans. Loans that have to be paid back with interest. Interest that can’t be paid back with thin air but has to be paid with so-called real money. Real money, of which there isn’t enough around to pay back all the loans, so that a constant need for new credit becomes a crucial part of the entire system. Not to mention central banks, which do the same and worse for governments. We’re so used to it by now that every country is expected to have a national debt. All but a handful of ridiculously rich ones do. National debts are also loans that have to be paid back with interest backed by nothing. Think about that. Your taxes are paying someone else's interest. Your tax money is not paying for your grandmother's bypass operation, it is paying interest to a central bank.

When the ideas of the catholic church ruled Europe, people who didn’t believe in God were few and very seldomly outspoken. They had good reason for this since belief in God was virtually mandatory throughout society. Ever since 1971, when famously dishonest American president Richard Nixon cut the last string that tied the US Dollar to gold, our conception of what the world economy is and ought to be has been skewed by an utterly corrupt system. We’re led to believe that we’re all supposed to work longer and longer days in order to spend more and more money and bury ourselves in more and more debt to keep the machine running. We’re duped into thinking that buying a new car every other year is somehow good for the environment and that bringing a cotton bag to the grocery store will somehow save the planet. Stores manipulate us all the time through advertising and product placement, but we’re led to believe that if we can be “climate-smart,” we’re behaving responsibly. Somehow, our gross domestic product is supposed to increase indefinitely while politicians will save us from ourselves through carbon taxes. Fortunately for us, and unfortunately for them, there now exists a way for unbelievers of this narrative to opt out. Life finds a way, as Jeff Goldblum once so famously put it.

Collectivism has ruined many societies. Those of us fortunate enough to live in liberal democracies tend to forget that even democracy is an involuntary system. It’s often referred to as the “worst form of government except all others that have been tried,” but the system itself is very rarely criticized. We’re so used to being governed that not having a leader seems preposterous to most of us. Still, we pay our taxes, and an enormous cut of the fruit of our labor goes to a third party via inflation and the taxation of every good and service imaginable. Institutions, once in place, tend to always favor their own survival just as much as any other living thing does. People employed in the public sector are unlikely to vote against policies that threaten their livelihood. This is a bigger problem than we realize because it’s subtle and takes a long time, but every democracy is headed in the same direction. A bigger state, a more complicated system, and fewer individual freedoms. Long term, it seems that all of our systems tend to favor those who know how to play that system and not those who contribute the most value to their fellow man. Proponents of socialist policies often claim that failed socialist states “weren’t really socialist” or that “that wasn’t really socialism.” What most people fail to realize is that we’ve never tried real capitalism since we’ve always used more or less inflationary currencies. This might very well be the most skewed narrative of our era. We’re all experiencing real, albeit disguised, socialism every single day. True free market capitalism is what we haven’t experienced yet, and it might turn out to be a very different thing than what we’re told to believe that it is by almost all mainstream media.

The validity of the classic right-left scale describing political viewpoints has been debated a lot lately, and alternative scales, like GAL-TAN, the one with an additional Y-axis describing more or less authoritarian tendencies, are popping up in various contexts around the web. After the birth of Bitcoin, there’s a new way to see this. Imagine an origo, a zero point, and a vector pointing to the left of that. All politics are arguably on the left because all policies need to be funded by taxes, and taxation can be viewed as theft. Taxation can be viewed as theft because, at its core, it’s involuntary. If a person refuses to pay his taxes, there is a threat of violence lurking in the background. Not to mention inflation, which Milton Friedman so elegantly described as “taxation without legislation.” What you do with the portion of your wealth that you have in Bitcoin is another matter altogether. If you take sufficient precautionary privacy measures and you know what you’re doing, your business in Bitcoin is beyond politics altogether. With the introduction of the Lightning Network and other privacy-improving features, it is now impossible for any third party to confiscate your money or even know that you have it, for that matter. This changes the political landscape of every nation on Earth. Bitcoin is much less confiscatable than gold and other scarce assets, which makes it a much better tool for hedging against nation-states. In this sense, Bitcoin obsoletes borders. You can cross any border on Earth with any amount of Bitcoin in your head. Think about that! Your Bitcoin exists in every country simultaneously. Any imposed limit on how much money you can carry from one nation to the other is now made obsolete by beautiful mathematics. Bitcoin is sometimes referred to as a “virtual currency.” This is a very inaccurate description. Bitcoin is just mathematics, and mathematics is just about the most real thing there is. There’s nothing virtual about it. Counterintuitive to some, but real nonetheless.

The complexity of human societal hierarchies and power structures is described perfectly in a classic children's book, The Emperor’s New Clothes, by Hans Christian Andersen. See the world as the kid who points out that the king is naked in the tale, and everything starts to make sense. Everything in human society is man-made. Nations, leaders, laws, political systems. They’re all castles in the air with nothing but a lurking threat of violence to back them up. Bitcoin is a different beast altogether. It enables every individual to verify the validity of the system at all times. If you really think about it, morality is easy. Don’t hurt other people, and don’t steal other people’s stuff. That’s the basic premise. Humans have but two ways of resolving conflict, conversation and violence, and in this sense, to hurt someone can only mean physical violence. This is why free speech is so important and why you should defend people’s right to speak their minds above everything else. It’s not about being able to express yourself. It’s about your right to hear every side of every argument and thus not have to resort to violence should a conflict of interests occur. You can’t limit free speech with just more speech — there’s always a threat of violence behind the limitations. Code, which both Bitcoin and the Internet are entirely made up of, is speech. Any limitations or regulations that your government implements in regard to Bitcoin are not only a display of Bitcoin’s censorship resistance but also a test of your government's stance on freedom of expression. A restriction on Bitcoin use is a restriction on free speech.

Remember, the only alternative to speech that anyone has is violence. Code is a language, mathematics is a language, and money is a linguistic tool. A linguistic tool we use as a means of expressing value to each other and as a way to transport value through space and time. Any restrictions or regulations regarding how you can express value, for example, making it impossible to buy Bitcoin with your credit card, prove that the money you have in your bank account is not really yours. When people realize this, the demand for Bitcoin goes up, not down. If you know what you're doing, there’s no need to fear the regulators. They, on the other hand, have good reason to fear an invention that shamelessly breaks their spell.

About the Bitcoin Infinity Academy

The Bitcoin Infinity Academy is an educational project built around Knut Svanholm’s books about Bitcoin and Austrian Economics. Each week, a whole chapter from one of the books is released for free on Highlighter, accompanied by a video in which Knut and Luke de Wolf discuss that chapter’s ideas. You can join the discussions by signing up for one of the courses on our Geyser page. Signed books, monthly calls, and lots of other benefits are also available.

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

Crypto Insights

How to Identify Bitcoin Mining Nodes: Difficulty, Methods, and Security Risks

In Bitcoin’s P2P network, identifying mining nodes and their adjacent ones can expose potential attack surfaces. Previous research has demonstrated that influential nodes can be identified by coloring nodes with conflicting transactions. These nodes may not be miners' gateway nodes but can ultimately connect to mining ones.

This study, based on the Bitcoin network environment of 2025, explores the difficulty of finding such nodes. The results indicate that these attacks are viable, and leveraging a set of influential mining nodes makes it easier to carry out mainnet partitioning, pinning, replacement cycling, or other yet-undiscovered mempool and Lightning Network attacks.

Boot Protocol: A Decentralized Block Reward Protocol to Reduce Income Volatility

Boot Protocol is a decentralized protocol designed to address Bitcoin mining variance—the fluctuations in the time it takes to find a block and the rewards received—which leads to income volatility. It enables block reward sharing without tracking actual mining work, offering up to 16x lower variance than solo mining while avoiding centralization issues.

• Issue: Centralized mining pools dominate block rewards, leaving small miners with high variance.
• Boot Protocol’s solution: A decentralized, low-variance system that mimics solo mining while offering mining pool advantages.
• Advantages: Compared to solo mining, it reduces variance by up to 16x and is more resistant to regulatory attacks than centralized mining pools.
• Against withholding attacks: The protocol is designed to prevent block withholding attacks by incentivizing miners to submit blocks as soon as possible.
• Potential: Boot Protocol has the potential to revolutionize decentralized mining by eliminating the shortcomings of approaches like P2Pool and Braid Pool.

Trustless Coin Flip Game Built on Taproot and Multisig

Coinflip is a two-player coin-flipping game inspired by the concept of "Zero-Collateral Lotteries" and built using Taproot and multisig.

Exploring Duplicate Transactions in Bitcoin

In the Bitcoin blockchain, there are two sets of completely identical transactions from mid-November 2010, where one set sandwiches the other. Since the coinbase transactions have no inputs but newly generated coins, two different coinbase transactions can send the same amount to the same address in the exact same way, resulting in identical transactions.

Because duplicate transactions can cause confusion, developers have been researching solutions for years, but no ideal fix has been found. The next potential duplicate transaction event is expected in 2046. While the current risks associated with duplicate transactions are low, this remains an intriguing and novel issue. This article explores the topic in detail.

A Fee Protocol to Prevent Lightning Network Spam

Lightning Network spam happens when some one floods the network with a constant stream of HTLCs to disrupt legitimate payments. To tackle this, this paper proposes a protocol for assigning and collecting fees in the Lightning Network to mitigate spam risks. It establishes fees corresponding to all significant costs, whereas previous attempts charged fees for delayed and/or failed payments, omitted certain costs or relied on trust to prevent theft.

This protocol introduces a "griefer-penalization" mechanism: if a party suffers malicious behavior (griefing) from a channel partner, they can be made to lose certain funds, but the griefer also bears a corresponding cost. As a result, a party that only selects self-interested partners is unlikely to be griefed.

Cashu Launches Instant Offline Ecash Payments

Cashu has developed a new tap-to-pay feature that enables instant, offline ecash payments via NFC.

As a bearer token, ecash is stored directly on the user’s device rather than on a server. This is why it integrates so well with NFC.

Coinbase Open-Sourced Multi-Party Computation Library

Coinbase has open-sourced its Multi-Party Computation (MPC) engine. Coinbase's cryptography lead, Yehuda Lindell, stated that the library supports two-party and multi-party signatures for ECDSA and Schnorr/EdDSA, as well as tools for DKG, backup, and more.

This release includes the full code stack, including commitments, random oracles, secret sharing, oblivious transfer (basic and extension), and a series of ZK proofs for various threshold signing tasks. All protocols come with complete specifications and theory documents. The team has also conducted full benchmark tests, providing insights into running time and bandwidth consumption from low-level primitives to full protocols.

RISC Zero zkVM Advances: R0VM 2.0 and OP Kailua

RISC Zero is advancing its zkVM technology with the release of R0VM 2.0 and the introduction of OP Kailua to enhance blockchain verifiability, security, and scalability.

• R0VM 2.0: The First Formally Verified RISC-V zkVM

RISC Zero uses Picus for formal verification of zkVM components. R0VM 2.0 will be the first formally verified RISC-V zkVM, addressing security risks from insufficient constraints in ZK systems, ensuring provable correctness, and offering stronger security guarantees for developers.

• OP Kailua: zkVM Opcode for Efficient On-Chain Verification

OP Kailua is a zkVM opcode that enables efficient on-chain validity proofs, allowing OP chains to upgrade into ZK Rollups, offering: * <1 hour Finality * Stronger security requiring only one honest sequencer * Lower costs as low as $0.00012/tx

Three Blocks Recently Solo-Mined

Three independent miners successfully mined Bitcoin blocks recently, signaling a rise in home mining.

• Block 888,737 was mined using a DIY FutureBit Apollo device, earning 3.125 BTC plus fees.
• An independent miner with a hashrate below 1 TH/s mined block 888,989.
• A miner using a $300 setup successfully mined block 889,240.

New Book | Principles of Bitcoin: Cutting Through the Noise to Reveal the Core Value

Principles of Bitcoin constructs a holistic framework understanding Bitcoin from first principles. It strips away industry hype, jargon, and superficial analysis to reveal the ingenuity of Satoshi’s creation and its implications for money, governance, and individual freedom.

By examining Bitcoin through technical, economic, political, and philosophical lenses, the author argues that only through this holistic understanding can one grasp its significance. He presents Bitcoin as a tool for individual empowerment and economic sovereignty, showing how it challenges traditional financial systems, and why it is a unique, non-replicable innovation in the digital asset space.

Top Reads on Blockchain and Beyond

Podcast | Can Pricing Solve Congestion? Applying Toll Economics to Crypto

To alleviate traffic congestion, New York City implemented congestion pricing in early 2025. Could similar mechanisms be applied to the crypto? In this podcast episode, congestion pricing expert (and one of its key proponents) Michael Ostrovsky discusses the economics behind congestion pricing and explores its implications for both city blocks and blockchain.

Model Context Protocol: A Unified Framework for Instant, Bidirectional AI Agent Communication

MCP (Model Context Protocol) was introduced by Anthropic in late 2024 as an open standard to enhance the connection of AI agent LLM apps and user data. Unlike traditional AI integrations that rely on fragmented, custom-built solutions, MCP provides a unified framework for bidirectional communication. This allows AI agents not only to pull in external data, but also to send updates back to these systems, enabling more dynamic and autonomous behavior. Additionally, MCP’s open-source nature fosters industry-wide collaboration, contrasting with the more siloed approaches of centralized AI companies.

This tweet offers a summary of MCP’s capabilities and significance.

The Era of Culturementals: Culture is More Fundamental than Technology

This post argues that the crypto space has repeatedly demonstrated that culture trumps technology. This perspective defines the rise of Culture Chains—blockchains shaped not by their technical capabilities, but by the communities they serve. Culture Chains can be seen as an evolution of “vertical blockchains”—designed not for universal adoption but for specific niche groups, such as anime fans, role-playing gamers, or meme lovers. Functioning like digital city-states, these chains build around shared values, language, and interests, offering tailored infrastructure, governance models, and token economies.

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

加密洞见

如何识别比特币挖矿节点：难度、方法与安全隐患

在比特币 P2P 网络中，识别挖矿节点及其相邻节点可能暴露潜在攻击面。此前的研究已证明，有影响力的比特币节点可以通过内存池分区，以此找到存在冲突的交易，并对其进行着色来识别。这些节点点可能不是矿工的网关节点，但可以最终连接到挖矿节点。

本研究基于 2025 年的比特币网络环境，探讨以上方法的可行性。结果表明该攻击可行；并且，借助有影响力的挖矿节点集合，发起诸如固定（pinning）、替换循环（replacement cycling）或其他尚未被发现的内存池和闪电网络攻击等攻击，也变得更加容易。

降低收益波动性的去中心化区块奖励协议 Boot Protocol

Boot Protocol 是一个去中心化协议，旨在解决比特币挖矿中的波动性问题——即找到区块所需时间和获得奖励的不确定性，这种波动会导致矿工收入不稳定。该协议无需追踪实际挖矿工作量即可实现区块奖励共享，在避免中心化问题的同时，将挖矿收益波动降低至单独挖矿的 1/16。

• 痛点：中心化矿池主导区块奖励，小矿工面临高方差的挑战。
• Boot Protocol 的解法： 一个去中心化、低方差的系统，模仿单独挖矿，但具有矿池的优势。
• 优势：与单独挖矿相比，它能将方差降低最多 16 倍，并且比中心化矿池更具抵抗监管攻击的能力。
• 防止扣块攻击（withholding attack）：该协议旨在防止扣块攻击，因为矿工有激励尽快提交区块。
• 潜力：Boot Protocol 有潜力通过消除 P2Pool 或 Braid Pool 等方法的缺点，革新去中心化挖矿。

利用 Taproot 和多签功能搭建的无需信任的抛硬币游戏

Coinflip 是双人参与的猜币游戏，受到了「零抵押彩票」（Zero-Collateral Lotteries）思路的启发，并利用 Taproot 和多签功能搭建。

探究比特币的重复交易

在比特币链中，有两组发生在 2010 年 11 月中旬的完全相同的交易，一组夹着另一组：由于 coinbase 交易没有任何输入，却有新硬币产生，因此两个不同的 coinbase 交易有可能将相同金额发送到相同地址，并以完全相同的方式构建，两笔相同交易就这样诞生了。

因为这种重复交易可能导致混淆，开发者多年来一直在研究如何解决，但仍没有理想方案。下一个可能的重复交易预计出现在 2046 年。尽管现在与重复交易相关的风险很小，但这是一个值得考虑的有趣新奇错误，本文对此进行了探索。

用于防止闪电网络垃圾交易的收费协议

本文提出了一种用于分配和收取闪电网络服务费用的协议，从而减少网络中的垃圾交易风险。该协议针对所有重要成本制定并收取相应费用。此前的一些方案尝试通过对延迟或失败的支付收取费用来减少垃圾交易，但这些方案未能覆盖某些成本，或依赖信任机制来防止费用被盗。

该协议采用了「恶意攻击者惩罚」（griefer-penalization）机制：如果一方遭受通道合作伙伴的恶意行为（griefing），该方可能会损失一定资金，但在这种情况下，作恶方也必须承担相应损失。因此，一个只选择自利（self-interested）合作伙伴的用户不会遭受攻击。

Cashu 推出即时离线的 ecash 支付

Cashu 开发了一种新的点击支付功能 Tap-to-pay，通过 NFC 实现即时、离线的 ecash 支付。

作为不记名资产，ecash 直接存储在用户的设备上，而不是服务器上。这也就是它与 NFC 搭配得如此出色的原因。

Coinbase 开源多方计算库

Coinbase 开源了其多方计算（Multi-Party Computation, MPC）引擎 。该库的密码学负责人 Yehuda Lindell 指出，此库为 ECDSA 和 Schnorr/EdDSA 提供两方和多方签名，以及用于 DKG、备份等的工具。

此次发版包含了 commiments、随机预言机、秘密共享等基本原语在内的完整代码堆栈、不经意传输协议（基础和扩展），以及用于与阈值签名相关的不同任务的一系列 ZK 证明。所有协议都有完整的规范和理论文献。团队还进行了完整的基准测试，可以看到从低级原语到完整协议的运行时间和带宽信息。

RISC Zero zkVM 的推进：R0VM 2.0 与 OP Kailua

RISC Zero 正在推进其 zkVM 技术发展，推出 R0VM 2.0，并引入 OP Kailua，以提升区块链的可验证性、安全性和可扩展性。

• R0VM 2.0：第一个正式验证的 RISC-V zkVM

RISC Zero 使用 Picus 来正式验证 zkVM 组件的确定性，即将推出的 R0VM 2.0 将会是首个经过正式验证的 RISC-V zkVM。R0VM 2.0 消除了 ZK 系统中因约束不足导致的安全风险，确保可证明的正确性，并为开发者提供更强的安全保障。

• OP Kailua：高效链上验证的 zkVM 操作码

OP Kailua 是一个 zkVM 操作码，可在链上实现高效的证明验证（Validity proofs），让 OP 链可逐步升级为 ZK Rollup，提供：更快终局性（<1小时）、更强安全性（仅需一个诚实排序器）、更低成本（$0.00012/tx）

独立矿工近期贡献了三个区块

过去几天内，有三名独立矿工贡献了比特币区块，意味着家庭挖矿的激增。

• 区块 888,737 由矿工使用自托管的 FutureBit Apollo 机器开采，赚取了 3.125 BTC 加上处理区块 的费用。

• 一个自托管哈希率低于 1 TH/s 的独立矿工发现了区块 888,989

• 一名使用 300 美元设置的独立矿工成功开采了区块 889,240

新书｜Principles of Bitcoin: 去伪存真，揭示比特币的核心价值

《比特币原理》（Principles of Bitcoin）以第一性原理构建了一个完整的理解框架，剖析比特币这一常被误解的创新。书中摒弃行业炒作、术语堆砌与浅层分析，揭示中本聪创造的真正巧思，以及它对货币、治理和个人自由的深远影响。

作者 Vijay Selvam 从技术、经济、政治和哲学角度探讨比特币，强调只有通过全面理解，我们才能真正把握它的意义。他将比特币视为个人赋权的工具、经济自主的催化剂，并展示它如何挑战传统货币体系。Selvam 论证，比特币是数字资产领域中独特的、不可复制的历史性创新。

精彩无限 不止于链

播客｜靠收费解决交通拥堵，在加密领域行得通？关于拥堵收费的经济学、理论和现实

为了缓解交通拥堵问题，纽约市在 2025 年年初实施了拥堵收费的措施。现实世界中的举措是否也对加密世界有所启发？这期播客请来了拥堵收费领域的经济学专家（也是该措施的提出者） Michael Ostrovsky，并从现实的交通拥堵问题延伸到了加密领域，探讨二者的相似之处和影响。

模型上下文协议：AI 代理时代的双向实时通信统一框架

MCP（Model Context Protocol）由 Anthropic 于 2024 年底推出。作为一个增强 AI 代理能力的标准化框架，MCP 旨在让 AI 代理可以利用来自各方的实时数据、实时做出决策。与通常依赖于分散的、定制解决方案的传统 AI 集成不同，MCP 为双向通信提供了一个统一的框架 ：这意味着 AI 代理不仅可以从外部来源提取数据，还可以将更新或作推送回这些系统，从而实现更加动态和自主的行为。 此外，MCP 的开源性质促进了整个行业的协作，这也与集中式 AI 公司的孤立方法形成鲜明对比。

这篇推文对 MCP 的能力和意义做了整合。

文化链时代：文化比技术更具有基础性

本帖作者认为，加密世界体验了一个事实：文化往往比技术更具决定性。这被看作是文化链（Culture Chains）的时代：一种不是由链能做什么，而是由它为谁服务来定义的区块链。文化链本质上是垂直化区块链的演化版本：它们不追求服务所有人，而是专注于某个具有文化凝聚力的群体，比如动画迷、角色扮演玩家、meme 狂热者等。它们像一个数字城邦，围绕共同价值观、语言、兴趣构建，提供专属的技术基础设施、治理机制和代币经济系统。

@ 3eba5ef4:751f23ae

Crypto Insights

Proposal and Discussion on Introducing a New Bitcoin Script Opcode: OP_ISSUBSTR

This BIP proposes the introduction of two new opcodes: OP_ISSUBSTR and OP_ISSUBSTRVERIFY. Their relationship is similar to OP_EQUAL and OP_EQUALVERIFY used to determine whether one string is a substring of another. Bitcoin developers have mixed opinions on this.

Supporters:

• Enhancing script functionality: Enables direct on-chain string operations, reducing reliance on off-chain processing and centralized dependencies.

• Simplifies certain use cases: Some applications (e.g., verifying if a public key contains a specific substring) would be easier to implement with OP_ISSUBSTR.

• OP_CAT is not a perfect substitute: Although OP_CAT can be used for string operations, it has security concerns and limitations, such as stack size limits.

Opponents:

• Bitcoin Script is for validation, not computation: Peter Todd argues that substring searching can be achieved using concatenation (OP_CAT) and equality checks (OP_EQUAL), making OP_ISSUBSTR unnecessary.

• Alternative script solutions exist: Some developers demonstrated that the proposed functionality can be emulated by having the script reconstruct the original string with known and unknown parts.

• Potential stack management issues: Concerns exist regarding stack size limits and whether OP_ISSUBSTR offers sufficient benefits.

Discussion on Bitcoin’s Next Major Upgrade: Evaluating OP_CAT and OP_CTV

This analysis explores Bitcoin’s potential next major upgrade: OP_CAT (BIP 347) and OP_CTV (BIP 119). Both aim to enhance Bitcoin’s transaction programmability by enabling spending conditions on transaction outputs, improving script expressiveness.

The report explains how OP_CAT enables recursive contracts and trustless Bitcoin bridges, supporting BitVM development, while OP_CTV improves efficiency for vaults and rollup-based complex transactions.

It predicts that Bitcoin Core developers are expected to reach consensus on adding OP_CAT or OP_CTV this year, but due to the extensive activation process, actual implementation may take 1–2 years.

Implementing Post-Signature Cross-Input Scripting in Bitcoin Using Taproot Annex

A new method has been proposed to introduce cross-input scripting using Taproot annex. This allows users to commit to additional spending conditions when signing transactions, expanding Bitcoin scripting capabilities and transaction flexibility.

Can Orphan Block Reporting Effectively Prevent Selfish Mining? A Complex Reality

A common belief is that incorporating orphan block counts in Bitcoin’s Difficulty Adjustment Mechanism (DAM) can make selfish mining unprofitable. However, this study refutes that view by analyzing the time-averaged profit of selfish mining.

The research also introduces two improved DAM models considering both main-chain and orphaned blocks, along with two smart intermittent selfish mining strategies—one outperforming standard intermittent selfish mining and the other remaining profitable under the modified DAM.

Additionally, the study describes an "orphan exclusion attack," where attackers prevent honest miners from reporting orphan blocks. Using combinatorial tools, the research examines the profitability of selfish mining under the improved DAM when combined with orphan exclusion attacks. Results indicate that even with orphan block inclusion, selfish mining remains profitable. However, under the modifed DAM, profitability significantly decreases compared to Bitcoin's current DAM, suggesting that orphan block reporting can be an effective mitigation strategy against a payoff-maximizing selfish miner.

Read the full paper.

LND Introduces Rewritten Sweeper Subsystem to Optimize Batch Transactions and Fee Bumping

According to the author, starting from v0.18.0, Lightning Network Daemon (LND) will completely revamp its sweeper subsystem for managing transaction batching and fee bumping.

The new sweeper integrates HTLC deadlines and fee budgets to compute a fee rate curve, dynamically adjusting fees based on transaction urgency. This new fee bumping strategy provides security benefits that other Lightning Network implementations may find valuable to adopt.

Analysis of Invalid Mining by AntPool and Associated Pools

boerst observed unusual block templates submitted at height 885797 by Antpool, CloverPool, Ultimus, Rawpool, and Poolin. The anomalies suggest possible selfish mining or template code issues. Suspicious signs include:

• Empty Merkle branches, yet the coinbase output total exceeds the subsidy, implying fees are being collected for non-existent transactions.

• The previous block hash for these is different from the rest of the pools and points to a block that seems to have never made it into the chain.

b10c's analysis suggests this may be a bug in AntPool’s coinbase transaction creation process. The findings indicate these pools may be operated by the same entity. It might be time to refer to AntPool and its associated pools (Braiins, Poolin, Binance Pool, and Ultimus, among others) collectively as "AntPool & Friends."

Payjoin Roadmap: From a Two-Party Protocol to a Multi-Party Collaboration Model

The Payjoin Dev Kit (PDK) team outlined the evolution of Payjoin from a two-party protocol to a multi-party framework. Payjoin V3 will address the limitations of the two-party model by introducing a collaboration model. The final goal is a "coalition formation protocol" that allows unconnected Bitcoin users to contribute to batch transactions.

The four development stages are:

• Stage 0: Multi-sender, single-receiver (current stage)

• Stage 1: Multi-sender, multi-receiver

• Stage 2: Privacy optimization

• Stage 3: Decentralized market mechanism—developing a coalition formation protocol to enable unconnected Bitcoin users to contribute to batch transactions

Embedding Sats into Memes and Emojis

This article explores how memeamigo.lol encodes Bitcoin-based Cashu into memes, embedding sats into emojis and memes like this and this.

Complete Guide to Buying Bitcoin Anonymously

The author compares several Bitcoin exchanges, categorizing them based on decentralization and peer-to-peer features:

• Decentralized & P2P

• Centralized & P2P

• Centralized & non-P2P (light KYC)

Each type has its own advantages and drawbacks, and the best choice depends on the user’s priorities regarding privacy, ease of use, and legal compliance.

Global Cryptocurrency Tax Map

Hellosafe.ca provides a global crypto tax map, offering an overview of different tax policies worldwide.

Binance Report: The Future of Bitcoin—DeFi

Binance released a report on Bitcoin DeFi. Key takeaways include:

• Security Budget & the Role of BTCFi: With Bitcoin’s block rewards continuously halving, its security model faces long-term sustainability challenges. BTCFi helps sustain miner incentives by increasing on-chain transaction fees, thereby strengthening Bitcoin’s long-term security budget.

• Infrastructure as a Bottleneck: Bitcoin L2s are still in their early stages and require further development, adoption, and liquidity incentives to scale effectively.

• Liquidity & Institutional Interest: Bitcoin investors have traditionally been long-term holders, posing challenges for liquidity provisioning. New incentive mechanisms are needed to activate idle BTC funds. While institutional investors have shown initial interest, large-scale adoption depends on regulatory clarity and user-friendly solutions.

• Cross-Chain Interoperability is Crucial: Most Bitcoin used in DeFi currently exists as Wrapped BTC on Ethereum and other chains. BTCFi needs secure cross-chain solutions to bridge liquidity and attract users from existing DeFi ecosystems.

• BTCFi Needs Its Own Path: Unlike Ethereum’s DeFi ecosystem, BTCFi cannot simply replicate existing models. Its success may rely on tailored solutions that align with Bitcoin holders' needs, particularly in yield generation, payments, and institutional-grade products.

Top Reads on Blockchain and Beyond

Infinite Recursion of Trust: Reflections on Trust

In Reflections on Trusting Trust, Ken Thompson reveals the fragility of software trust. By describing a potential "Trojan horse" attack, he highlights a philosophical and technical dilemma: verifying a system’s trustworthiness requires a trusted tool, but that tool itself needs another tool for verification—leading to infinite recursion. Ultimately, trust must be placed in a foundational layer, which may itself be unverifiable.

Contextual Trust Networks and Privacy: A Critical Analysis of Metadata, Surveillance, and Routing Dynamics in Decentralized Systems

This article critically examines contextual trust networks as an alternative to traditional privacy protection techniques in decentralized systems like Bitcoin and P2P networks. It first highlights inherent privacy limitations in popular anonymity-enhancing methods:

• CoinJoin and Mixnets: Rely on anonymity sets but remain vulnerable to metadata correlation at ingress and egress points, providing surveillance opportunities for adversaries.

• Onion Routing (Tor): Tor reduces direct metadata exposure but is still susceptible to persistent statistical traffic analysis at entry and exit nodes, compromising anonymity over time.

• Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs): Broadcast metadata widely, inherently increasing visibility and surveillance risks.

The author then contrasts these with the contextual trust concept introduced by the Atomicity protocol. The analysis suggests that witness-generated metadata is a primary privacy risk and argues that contextual trust channels can enhance privacy by controlling witness selection and excluding irrelevant nodes during transaction routing.

@ df67f9a7:2d4fc200

More than just “follows follows” on Nostr, webs of trust algos will ingest increasingly MORE kinds of user generated content in order to map our interactions across the network. Webs of trust will power user discovery, content search, reviews and reccomendations, identity verification, and access to all corners of the Nostr network. Without relying on a central “trust authority” to recommend people and content for us, sovereign Nostr users will make use of “relative trust” scores generated by a wide range of independent apps and services. The problem is, Nostr doesn’t have an opensource library for performing WoT calculations and delivering NIP standard recommendations to users. In order for a “free market” ecosystem of really smart apps and services to thrive, independent developers will need access to extensible “middleware” such as this.

Project Description

I am building a library for independent developers to offer their own interoperable and configurable WoT services and clients. In addition, and as the primary use case, I am also developing a web client for “in person onboarding” to Nostr, which will make use of this library to provide webs of trust recommendations for “invited” users.

• Meet Me On Nostr (onboarding client) : This is my first project on Nostr, which began a year ago with seed funding from @druid. This web client will leverage “in person” QR invites to generate WoT powered recommendations of follows, apps, and other stuff for new users at their first Nostr touchpoint. The functional MVP release (April ‘25) allows for “instant, anonymous, and fully encrypted” direct messaging and “move in ready” profile creation from a single QR scan.

• GrapeRank Engine (developer library) : Working with @straycat last fall, I built an opensource and extensible library for Nostr developers to integrate “web of trust” powered reccomendations into their products and services. The real power behind GrapeRank is its “pluggable” interpreter, allowing any kind of content (not just “follows follows”) to be ingested for WoT scoring, and configurable easily by developers as well as end users. This library is currently in v0.1, “generating and storing usable scores”, and doesn’t yet produce NIP standard outputs for Nostr clients.

• My Grapevine (algo dashboard) : In addition, I’ve just wrapped up the demo release of a web client by which users and developers can explore the power of the GrapeRank Engine.

Potential Impact

Webs of Trust is how Nostr scales. But so far, Nostr implementations have been ad-hoc and primarily client centered, with no consistency and little choice for end users. The “onboarding and discovery” tools I am developing promise to :

• Establish sovereignty for webs of trust users (supporting a “free market” of algo choices), with opensource libraries by which any developer can easily implement WoT powered recommendations.

• Accelerate the isolation of bots and bad actors (and improve the “trustiness” of Nostr for everyone else) by streamlining the onboarding of “real world” acquaintances directly into established webs of trust.

• Improve “discoverability of users and content” for any user on any client (to consume and take advantage of WoT powered recommendations for any use case, even as the NIP standards for this are still in flux), by providing an algo engine with “pluggable” inputs and outputs.

• Pave the way for “global Nostr adoption”, where WoT powered recommendations (and searches) are consistently available for every user across a wide variety of clients.

Timeline & Milestones

2025 roadmap for “Webs of Trust Onboarding and Discovery” :

• Meet Me On Nostr (onboarding client) : MVP release : “scan my QR invite to private message me instantly with a ‘move in ready’ account on Nostr”. https://nostrmeet.me/

• GrapeRank Engine (developer library) : 1.0 release : “expanded inputs and output WoT scores to Nostr NIPs and other stuff” for consumption by clients and relays. https://github.com/Pretty-Good-Freedom-Tech/graperank-nodejs

• My Grapevine (algo dashboard) : 1.0 release : “algo usage and configuration webapp with API endpoints” for end users to setup GrapeRank scoring for consumption by their own clients and relays. https://grapevine.my/

• Meet Me On Nostr (onboarding client) : 1.0 release : first GrapeRank integration, offering “follow and app recommendations for invited users”, customizable per-invite for Nostr advocates. https://nostrmeet.me/

Prior contributions

• Last spring I hosted panel discussions and wrote articles on Nostr exploring how to build “sovereign webs of trust”, where end users can have control over which algorithms to use, and what defines “trust”.

• I contributed gift wrap encryption to NDK.

• I am also authoring gift wrapped direct messaging and chat room modules for NDK.

• Last July, I attended The Bitcoin Conference on an OpenSource pass to raise funds for my onboarding client. I onboarded many Bitcoiners to Nostr, and made valuable connections at Bitcoin Park.

About Me

I discovered Nostr in September ‘23 as a freelance web developer, after years of looking for a “sovereignty respecting” social media on which to build apps. With this came my first purchase of Bitcoin. By December of that year, I was settled on “open source freedom tech” (Nostr and Bitcoin) as the new direction for my career.

As a web professional for 20+ years, I know the importance of “proof of work” and being connected. For the last 18 months, I have been establishing myself as a builder in this community. This pivot has not been easy, but it has been rewarding and necessary. After so many years building private tech for other people, I finally have a chance to build freedom tech for everyone. I have finally come home to my peeps and my purpose.

Thank you for considering this application for funding.

@ 4fe14ef2:f51992ec

Hey Bitcoiners,

Leave a comment below to share your hustles and wins. Let us know what you've sold this week. Have you sold it for #sats or #zaps? It doesn't matter how big or small your item is, solid or digital, product or service.

Just share below what you’ve listed, swapped, and sold. Let everyone rave on your latest #deals!

New to ~AGORA? Dive into the #marketplace and turn your dusty gears into shiny BTC!

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/933200

@ edeb837b:ac664163

When it comes to social trading, there are plenty of platforms that claim to offer innovative ways to connect with other traders, share strategies, and improve your market performance. But let's be real: most so-called "social trading" apps are either glorified brokerage platforms with limited community features or outdated, clunky systems that don’t offer real-time value.

There’s really only one social trading app you need to consider—NVSTly. Here’s why.

Why NVSTly Stands Above the Rest

NVSTly isn’t just another trading app with a few social features slapped on. It’s the ultimate social trading platform, purpose-built to empower traders by combining real-time trade tracking, seamless social sharing, deep market insights, and a powerful trader community.

Unlike other platforms, NVSTly isn’t just about copying trades or following vague signals—it’s about true transparency, collaboration, and learning from top traders in an interactive environment.

What is NVSTly?

NVSTly is a completely free social trading platform that lets traders track, share, and analyze their trades in real time. Whether you're trading stocks, options, or crypto, NVSTly provides a seamless multi-platform experience—available via web, iOS, Android, and even Discord.

It’s not just a social network—it’s a trader’s command center where every trade you make is part of a bigger, smarter ecosystem designed to help you grow.

Key Features That Make NVSTly #1

1. Real-Time Trade Sharing & Tracking

NVSTly integrates with brokers like Webull (with more brokerages coming soon) to automatically track your trades and display them in real-time. No manual entry—just instant trade updates for you and your followers.

2. Unique POV Trade Charting

See trades like never before. NVSTly’s proprietary POV Chart marks every trade action directly on the candlestick chart, giving you (and your followers) an unparalleled view of trading strategies in action.

3. Deep Trade Analytics & Trader Dashboards

Get powerful insights into your performance, including: - Win rate - Total gain/loss - Average return per trade - Long vs. short ratio - (Coming soon) Drawdown tracking to measure risk exposure

4. Global Trades Feed & Leaderboard

Want to see what the best traders are doing right now? The Global Trades Feed lets you watch live trades, while the Leaderboard ranks top traders based on performance metrics, making it easy to find successful strategies.

5. Fully Integrated with Discord & Telegram

No other platform makes social trading as seamless as NVSTly. The NVSTly Discord bot allows users to: - Check a trader’s latest stats - View real-time trade recaps - Fetch charts and ticker data - Receive automated trade notifications

Telegram users won’t be left out either—NVSTly is working on bringing the same functionality to Telegram for even broader access.

6. Automated Social Media Sharing

Set your trades to automatically share to Twitter/X, Discord, and soon, Telegram. Whether you’re growing your personal brand or running a trading community, NVSTly makes sure your trades get noticed.

7. Future AI & Machine Learning Enhancements

NVSTly is building AI-powered trade insights and strategy generation, allowing traders to: - Get automated trading tips tailored to their strategies - Use customizable AI models to refine their trading approach - Interact with a smart AI trading assistant via the app and Discord bot

Why NVSTly is the Only Social Trading App You Need

While others might pretend to offer social trading, NVSTly actually delivers. It’s not a gimmick or a half-baked feature—it’s a complete trading ecosystem built for real traders who want real-time data, powerful analytics, and a truly social experience.

With NVSTly, you're not just following traders—you’re engaging with them, learning from them, and improving your own strategies in the most transparent and interactive way possible.

So don’t waste time on inferior platforms. NVSTly is the only social trading app that matters.

Ready to Take Your Trading to the Next Level?

Join 50,000+ traders who are already using NVSTly to track, share, and dominate the markets.

📲 Download NVSTly today on Web, iOS, or Android!

🚀 Join our Discord community and bring the power of NVSTly straight into your server!

@ f9d11792:e340e19e

A indústria de apostas online tem se expandido rapidamente no Brasil, e com isso surgem novas plataformas que visam proporcionar experiências únicas aos jogadores. A 377BET é uma dessas plataformas, que se destaca pela sua interface intuitiva, variedade de jogos e foco em segurança. Para os jogadores que buscam diversão, emoção e, acima de tudo, uma plataforma confiável, a 377BET é uma excelente escolha. Neste artigo, vamos explorar os principais aspectos da plataforma e como ela se destaca no competitivo mercado de apostas online.

1. Uma Plataforma Intuitiva e Acessível Ao acessar a plataforma 377BET, os jogadores são imediatamente recebidos por um design moderno e amigável. A navegação foi projetada para ser intuitiva, com menus claros e funções bem distribuídas. Isso significa que mesmo jogadores iniciantes, que nunca utilizaram plataformas de apostas online, podem facilmente se orientar e começar a jogar rapidamente.

Além disso, a plataforma é completamente otimizada para dispositivos móveis, permitindo que os jogadores façam suas apostas em smartphones e tablets com a mesma facilidade e eficiência que em um desktop. A experiência móvel da 377BET é fluida e sem interrupções, o que permite uma jogabilidade confortável a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar.

1. Diversidade de Jogos para Todos os Estilos O maior atrativo da 377bet é a variedade de opções de apostas que ela oferece. A plataforma atende a diferentes tipos de apostadores, desde os mais casuais até os mais experientes. Para aqueles que gostam de velocidade e prêmios rápidos, as máquinas virtuais são uma excelente escolha. Esses jogos são simples de jogar e oferecem a oportunidade de ganhar prêmios instantâneos, tornando-os ideais para quem busca uma experiência sem complicação.

Para os fãs de esportes, a plataforma oferece esportes virtuais, que são eventos simulados, mas com uma dinâmica empolgante e resultados rápidos. Futebol, basquete e corridas de cavalos são alguns dos esportes disponíveis para apostas, e o melhor é que esses jogos acontecem de maneira contínua, permitindo apostas frequentes.

A 377BET também se destaca por oferecer jogos de mesa, como roleta e blackjack, onde o jogador pode aplicar estratégias e testar suas habilidades. A experiência nesses jogos é altamente imersiva, com gráficos realistas e jogabilidade fluida, proporcionando uma atmosfera de jogo semelhante à de uma competição ao vivo.

1. Compromisso com a Segurança e Suporte ao Cliente Uma das maiores preocupações dos jogadores de apostas online é a segurança. A 377BET se dedica a garantir a proteção dos dados dos jogadores, utilizando criptografia avançada para manter todas as informações pessoais e financeiras seguras. Com isso, os jogadores podem realizar depósitos e saques com total tranquilidade, sabendo que suas informações estão protegidas.

A 377BET também possui um excelente suporte ao cliente. A equipe está disponível 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, por meio de chat ao vivo e e-mail, pronta para ajudar com qualquer dúvida ou problema que os jogadores possam enfrentar. Esse suporte é crucial para manter uma boa experiência de jogo, especialmente quando se trata de uma plataforma que lida com transações financeiras e dados pessoais sensíveis.

Além disso, a 377BET oferece ferramentas de jogo responsável, permitindo que os jogadores definam limites de apostas e monitorem o tempo de jogo, garantindo que a experiência de aposta seja saudável e equilibrada.

Conclusão A 377BET é uma plataforma de apostas online que se destaca pela sua facilidade de uso, segurança, e ampla gama de jogos. Com uma interface intuitiva, suporte dedicado e uma variedade de opções de apostas, ela proporciona uma experiência única para os jogadores brasileiros. Se você está buscando uma plataforma confiável e envolvente, a 377BET é certamente uma excelente escolha para suas apostas online.

@ 6fbc5b6b:0251e3df

Overview AIVille and Port3 Network have teamed up to bring users an exclusive SoQuest campaign, designed to introduce participants to the broader AGT First Round Community Airdrop, where 1% of the total AGT supply will be distributed to early supporters.

The SoQuest campaign is a special onboarding experience that comes with its own prize pool and incentives: 🏆 Total Prize Pool: 50 winners will each receive 4 USDT + $AGT Token Airdrop

🎟️ Whitelist Spots: First 1000 participants secure priority access to the AGT community airdrop

💎 Top 100 Most Active: Earn extra $AGT rewards

🔥 Invite Leaderboard: Top 10 referrers get bonus $AGT

This quest is not only a fun way to engage — it also leads participants directly into the main AGT community airdrop, making it an ideal entry point into AIVille’s growing ecosystem. 🤝 About AIVille & Port3 AIVille is a decentralized town powered by AI agents — autonomous, evolving characters who work, create, and live within a fully on-chain simulation. AIVille embodies the next phase of the internet: intelligent, social, and permissionless. Port3 Network is a unified artificial intelligence operation system that simplifies and consolidates all infrastructure components needed to launch AI-enabled Web3 applications. With SoQuest, Port3 provides Quest-as-a-Service (QaaS) to supercharge project growth and user activation.

🌟 Celebrating AGT & Community $AGT (Agent Token) fuels AIVille's economy and governance. The ongoing AGT First Round Community Airdrop — distributing 1% of the total token supply — is a major milestone for the ecosystem. This SoQuest event acts as a gateway into that larger campaign, rewarding early participation, amplifying community building, and activating the Create-to-Earn model where everyone has a role in shaping the future.

⚡ Why This Matters This collaboration reflects a shared vision: AIVille is pioneering AI-native social environments

Port3 is building the infrastructure to scale them

The SoQuest campaign connects users with the main AGT airdrop — seamlessly, playfully, and with real value

It’s more than a campaign. It’s your chance to be early in a new frontier powered by intelligent agents and decentralized coordination.

🔗 Links SoQuest Campaign: https://soquest.xyz/space/AIVille/campaign/sORhK3g9p4?v=2

AIVille on Twitter: @aivillebot

Port3 Network: https://port3.io

AGT Airdrop Details: https://mellow-brass-42a.notion.site/AIVille-Season-1-Massive-Community-Airdrop-1c54a8bdee5b80678a68c2cce06fb37d

@ 52adc2ef:9f4bc0ba

ส่วนที่ 1 สองระบบ

บทที่ 1

สมองนั้นสามารถเเบ่งได้เป็น 2 ระบบ

ระบบแบบอัตโนมัติ เป็นระบบที่ใช้พลังงานไม่มาก ตัดสินใจโดยใช้ความจำ ประสบการณ์ เเละความเชี่ยวชาญ หรืออาจจะมี สัญชาตญาณ ซึ่งคนเรานั้นจะใช้สมองส่วนนี้เป็นหลัก การขับรถ (ถนนโล่งๆ)

-ได้ยินเสียงเเล้วหันไปที่ต้นกำเนิดเสียง -2+2 เป็นเท่าไหร่ -หรือให้นึกถึง ปารีส เราก็จะนึกทันทีว่าเป็นชื่อเมืองหลวง

ซึ่งสมองระบบนี้จะตอบสนองโดยทันที ไม่ก็คำง่ายๆ

หรือ การเจอคนในชีวตประจำวัน เช่น เห็นคนหน้าคิ้วขมวด กัดกราม สมองของเราจะตัดสินอัตโนมัติว่า ต่อไปอาจจะมีพูดคำหยาบ เเละจะต้องรู้สึกระวังมากขึ้น

ในที่นี้ขอเรียกว่า ระบบ 1

2.ระบบที่ใช้ความพยายาม ยกตัวอย่างง่ายๆ

23×58

เราไม่สามารถที่จะใช้ ระบบ 1 ได้ สมองจะใช้ความพยายามในการคิดมากขึ้น ระบบ 1 ไม่สามารถหาคำตอบได้ ต้องอาศัยความตั้งใจ เช่น

-การมองหาคนที่ใส่หมวกสีแดง -การเปรียบเทียบของลดราคา -การบังคับตัวเองไม่ให้หันไปมองเสียงประหลาด

หรือเรียกว่าการให้ความสนใจ หรือ จดจ่อ (pay Attention) การคิดเเบบจดจ่อ ทำให้เราไม่สามารถจะทำกิจกรรมที่ต้องทำพร้อมกันได้

เช่น ถ้านั่งคิดเลขจากโจทย์ด้านบน จะไม่สามารถที่จะต้องตั้งใจหาญาติเรา ที่จะต้องไปรับที่สถานีรถไฟ

ขอเรียกว่า ระบบ 2

หรือทดสอบดูว่าของการทำงานทั้ง 2 ระบบ

ให้บอกไล่ลงด้านล่างว่า คำไหนเป็นตัวอักษรเเบบปกติ เเละ คำไหนเป็นอักษรเเบบหนา

หนา

ปกติ

หนา

ปกติ

ปกติ

ปกติ

หนา

หนา

หลังจากที่ทำจะรู้สึกมีความขัดเเย้งกันเเละใช้เวลาในการประมวลผล เพราะถ้าเราไม่คิดเราจะรู้สึกใช้ระบบ 1 ในการตอบของความหมายของคำเเทน

บทที่ 2

ระบบ 2 ถ้าเปรียบในหนัง จะเป็นเพียงพระรอง เพราะระบบ 1 ของคนเราจะเป็นระบบหลักในการทำงาน เมื่อมีความซับซ้อน ที่ไม่ใช่ความเคยชิน ถึงเริ่มปรับเป็นระบบ 2

รูม่านตากับระบบ 2

มีการทดลองที่ทำให้รู้ว่า รูม่านตาของเรา สอดคล้องกับ การใช้สมองในการเเก้ปัญหายิ่งยาก รูม่านตาของเราจะขยายใหญ่มากตาม

การทดลอง

โดยมีการทดลองมีเลข 4 ตัว เเละให้บวก 1 เพิ่มก่อนตอบ เช่น

4895

จะต้องตอบเป็น 5906 เป็นต้น ซึ่งจากการทดลองยิ่งสมองใช้งานมากขึ้น

ตามปกติเเล้วสมองของเราจะพยายามที่ใช้พลังงานให้น้อย เเละเมื่อเรามีทักษะมากขึ้น สมองของเราก็จะใช้พลังงานน้อยลง เข้าโหมดของ ระบบ 1

บทที่ 3

สมองจะมีอัตราความเร็ว ของมันเอง โดยเมื่อคุณเดินเป็นความเร็วปกติ คุณจะสามารถใช้ความคิดได้ระหว่างเดิน

เเต่เมื่อต้องใช้สมองในการเเก้ไขโจทย์ซับซ้อน ในเวลากำหนด อาจจะต้องหยุดเดินหรือนั่งเพื่อเเก้ปัญหานั้นๆ

เเละเมื่อเราเดินเร็วขึ้นการที่จะคิดไปด้วยนั้น เมื่อร่างกายเเย่งพลังงานในการใช้สมอง ทำให้การคิดระหว่างที่เดินเร็วนั้นยากขึ้น

ภาวะลื่นไหล (Flow)

คือภาวะที่สมองจดจ่อโดยไม่ต้องใช้ความพยายาม จนลืมเวลา

เเต่เมื่อสมองจดจ่อกับการใช้ความคิดจะทำให้เรา การควบคุมตัวเองลดน้อยลง หรือความมุ่งมั้นที่น้อยลง (ego depletion) เช่น ใช้เงินเเบบไม่คิด หรือเริ่มไม่ควบคุมอาหาร

ภาวะที่สมองทำงานหนักมากขึ้น จากการทดลอง สมองจะมีความต้องการ กลูโคสมากขึ้น

ระบบ 1 จะมีความหุนหันมากกว่า ระบบ 2 จะมีความคิด เเละเหตุผล

คนที่สามารถใช้ระบบ 2 ได้ดีกว่ามีโอกาสที่จะควบคุมอารมณ์ เเละยั้งคิดได้กว่า

เเละเมื่อเราใช้สมองเเบบระบบ 1 คำถามบางคำถามเราอาจจะตอบเเบบเข้าใจไปเองว่าถูก จากหนังสือยกตัวอย่างเช่น

กุหลาบทุกชนิดเป็นดอกไม้ ดอกไม้บางชนิดโรยราอย่างรวดเร็ว ดังนั้นกุหลาบบางชนิดโรยราอย่างรวดเร็ว

มองเผินๆอาจจะถูกต้อง เเต่จริงๆกุหลาบสามารถที่จะไม่โรยราเลย หรือโรยราทั้งหมดก็ได้ ถ้าเราใช้ระบบ 1 อาจจะตอบว่าถูกต้อง เเต่ถ้าพิจารณาโดยใช้ระบบ 2 ก็มีโอกาสตอบถูก

บทที่ 4

การปูพื้นความคิด

สมองคนเราสามารถถูกชักจูงได้ เช่น

”กล้วย” “อาเจียน”

การอ่านคำว่า กล้วย หรือ อาเจียน สมองของเราจะมีความรู้สึกที่ตอบสนองทันที บางคนอาจจะรู้สึกว่า กล้วยนั้นทำให้อาเจียนเเละรู้สึกพะอืดพะอมโดยไม่รู้ตัว

การทำงานของสมองของเราจะกระตุ้นทุกส่วน เช่น ความทรงจำ ความรู้สึก การตอบสนอง สิ่งที่น่าสนใจคือการที่สมองรับรู้คำ ร่างการของเราจะตอบสนองด้วย

อีกหนึ่งการทดลองที่น่าสนใจคือ ถ้าเราได้ยินคำว่า

Eat มาก่อน

ให้เติมคำ

so_p

มีแนวโน้มอย่างมากที่จะตอบว่า soup มากกว่า soap รวมถึงคำอื่นที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการกิน

การทดลองฟรอริดา

ให้นักศึกษา เเต่งประโยคจากคำ 4 คำ โดยเเต่ละกลุ่มได้คำต่างๆกันไปเเต่มีกลุ่มนึงได้คำตามนี้

“เหี่ยวย่น หลงลืม ศรีษะล้าน สีเทา”

หลังจากให้เเต่งประโยคด้วยคำด้านบน เเละให้นักศึกษาเดินไปพัก ซึ่งนักวิจัยได้จับเวลาการเดิน ของกลุ่มที่ได้คำด้านบน

ปรากฎว่ามีการเดินที่ช้ากว่ากลุ่มที่ได้รับคำอื่นๆ ซึ่งจากด้านบนไม่มีคำว่า คนแก่ เลย

หรือทางกลับกันการทดลองให้เดิน 30 ก้าว ใน 1 นาที ซึ่งเป็นการเดินที่ช้ากว่าปกติ 1/3

ที่นักวิจัยได้เก็บข้อมูล กลุ่มนี้จะมีเเนวโน้มคิดคำเกี่ยวกับ คนเเก่ ได้มากเป็นพิเศษ

จากการทดลองทำให้ทราบได้ว่าสมองเราสามารถจะปูพื้นความคิดได้ ถ้าอยากยิ้มให้เห็นคำว่าร่าเริง หรือถ้าเราทำปากยิ้ม ก็จะมีผลให้เรารู้สึกร่าเริงเช่นกัน

บทที่ 5

ความง่ายในการคิด

สมองเมื่อมีความทรงจำ ประสบการณ์ ปูพื้นความคิดจะเกิดความสบายใจ มีเเนวโน้มที่จะคิดเเบบผิวๆ เเละใช้สัญชาตญาณ

ภาพลวงตา

สามารถเกิดในการะบวนการคิดได้ ตัวอย่าง มีชื่อตามนี้

โมนิกา กิลเบิร์ก ทิรานา ชานา

ชื่อพวกนี้เราคงเพิ่งเคยได้ยินครั้งเเรก วันนึง มีการรวบรวมชื่อบุคคลที่ชื่อเสียงในระดับท้ายเเถว เเละมีชื่อใหม่ๆ เช่น ชื่อ ชานา เราจะมีเเนวโน้มที่ให้ ชานา เป็นบุคคลทีชื่อเสียง

ซึ่งสิ่งนี้เกิดจาก “ความคุ้นเคย” เราจะคิดเเบบง่ายมากขึ้น เมื่อเราเคยเจอ คำ หรือ ชื่อที่เคยเห็นมาก่อน เเม้จะเห็นเพียงครั้งเดียว

วิธีที่สร้างความง่ายในการคิด

ต้องทำให้รู้สึกว่าอ่านง่าย เช่น

อดอล์ฟ ฮิตเลอร์ เกิดปี 1892 อดอล์ฟ ฮิตเลอร์ เกิดปี 1887

จากการทดลองผู้คนเชื่อในประโยคเเรกว่าเป็นจริงมากกว่า ทั้งที่จริงๆเเล้วเกิดปี 1889

หรือคำที่มีความคล้องจองก็จะช่วยให้เกิดความคุ้นเคยได้อีกการทดลอง ให้ประเมินบริษัทที่สมมุติขึ้นมา

โดยบริษัทเเรกออกเสียงง่ายๆ เช่น อาเทน อีกบริษัท ชื่อ อาทาฮุท

ผู้คนมีเเนวโน้มที่จะประเมินบริษัทที่ออกเสียงง่ายดีกว่าอีกบริษัท

ถ้าให้คนเริ่มที่จะขมวดคิ้วที่กล่าวไว้ตอนเเรก มีเเนวโน้มที่จะใช้ระบบ 2 ที่ต้องพยายามในการคิด เช่น การทดลองให้มีคำถามเหมือนกัน เเต่พิมพ์ในกระดาษที่ชัด เเละ ม่ชัด

“หากเครื่องจักร 5 เครื่องใช้เวลา 5 นาทีในการผลิตสินค้า 5 ชิ้น เเล้วเครื่องจักร 100 เครื่องใช้เวลาเท่าไหร่ในการผลิต 100 ชิ้น”

สรุปการทดลองจากกลุ่มพิมพ์ในการะดาษที่ไม่ชัด ตอบถูก มากกว่า กลุ่มที่พิมพ์ในกระดาษชัด

Mere exposure effect

การเห็นซ้ำๆ เป็นการตอกย้ำให้เราเกิดความง่ายในการคิด

การทดลองมีการประกาศคำในหนังสือพิพ์มหาลัย เป็น ภาษาตุรกี เช่น คาดีร์กา ซาริซิก นัมโซมา เป็นต้น โดยลงเป็นความถี่ที่ไม่เท่ากัน หลังจากลงประกาศสิ้นสุดลง ให้นักศึกษาคิดว่าศัพท์เเต่ละคำมีความหมาย ดี หรือ ร้าย

ผลปรากฎว่าคำที่เห็นบ่อยมีเเนวโน้มให้ความหมายที่ดีมากกว่า

บทที่ 6

ประเมินความปกติ

ความประหลาดใจเป็นหนึ่งในคุณสมบัติของสมองเเต่การเกิดเหตุการณ์ซ้ำๆในเหตุการณ์หนึ่งๆ ทำให้เรารู้สึกประหลาดใจน้อยลง

เช่น เมื่อเราไปเที่ยวต่างประเทศ เเละเราได้เจอเพื่อนที่สนิท ที่ไม่ได้เจอกันมานานมาก 10 ปี เราจะรู้สึกประหลาดใจมาก ถูกต้องมั้ยครับ ว่าบังเอิญมากๆ

ผ่านไป 2 สัปดาห์ เราได้เจอเพื่อนอีกครั้งในโรงหนังนั่งติดกันเลย ความประหลาดของเราจะน้อยกว่าครั้งเเรกมาก ทั้งๆที่มันมีความเป็นไปได้น้อยมากที่จะมาเจออีกครั้งเเละนั่งติดกัน

ทฤษฎีความปกติ

เมื่อเราเจอเหตุการณ์หนึ่งๆ ถ้าเกิดซ้ำอีกครั้งเราจะรู้สึกว่ามันสมเหตุสมผล

เช่น วัหนึ่งขับรถบนถนนเส้นนึง เเล้วเกิดเหตุการณ์ไฟไหม้ เเละอีกหนึ่งอาทิตย์ถัดมา เกิดเหตุการณ์ไฟไหม้อีกครั้ง เราจะรู้สึกประหลาดใจน้อยลง

เมื่อทุกครั้งที่ผ่านถนนเส้นนี้เราจะรู้สึกว่ามันเป็นถนน “ไฟไหม้” สำหรับเราทันที

หรือคำถามที่ว่า

โมเสสพาขึ้นเรือชนิดละกี่ตัว

น่าจะตอบกันได้นะครับว่าเท่าไหร่ เเต่มันผิด! โนอาร์ต่างหากที่เป็นคนพาสัตว์ขึ้นเรือ

ที่เรารู้สึกโดยหลอกเพราะเราเชื่อมโยงความปกติของโมเสสเเละโนอาร์คือคนในตำนานเหมือนกัน

เเต่เมื่อเปลี่ยนเป็น อีลอนมัส เราจัะรู้สึกว่ามันผิดเเต่เเรกทันที

มองเห็นเหตุผลเเละเจตนา

เรามีความสามารถระบุหาเหตุผลเเละเจตนามาโดยกำเนิด ยกตัวอย่าง

“หลังจากใช้เวลาทั้งวันไปกับการชื่นชมสิ่งสวยงาม ตามท้องถนน ที่เต็มไปด้วยฝูงชนของนครนิวยอร์ก เจนพบว่ากระเป๋าเงินของเธอหายไป”

เมื่ออ่านจบให้ทำการทดสอบเพื่อตรวจสอบว่าสามารถจำเรื่องราวได้มากเเค่ไหน ผู้เข้าทดสอบมีเเนวโน้มที่จะจำคำว่า ล้วงกระเป๋ามากกว่าสิ่งสวยงาม

ความเชื่อมโยงเเละหาเหตุผลทำให้การที่กระเป๋าเงินหายนั้น ส่งผลให้นึกถึงสาเหตุต่างๆมากมาย ว่าโดยโจรขโมยมั้ย หรือทำหล่นหาย

ซึ่งสมองเราหาคำอธิบายเพื่อเติมเต็มเรื่องราวให้สมบูรณ์

ส่วนอีกตัวอย่างที่มีการทดลองเป็น วีดีโอมี

สามเหลี่ยมขนาดใหญ่

สามเหลี่ยมขนาดเล็ก

วงกลม

อยู่ในพื้นที่คล้ายๆแผงผังบ้าน โดยเนื้อเรื่องสามเหลี่ยมใหญ่ เหมือนจะ พยายามระราน สามเหลี่ยมเล็กเเละวงกลม เเต่สามเหลี่ยมเล็กเเละวงกลมร่วมใจกันเอาชนะสามเหลี่ยมใหญ่ได้

จากการทดลอง สมองของเรากระตือรือร้นที่จะระบุตัวละคร ให้รูปทรงที่กระทำการ เหมือนจะ ต่างๆ ให้มีคนดี คนร้ายเองอัตโนมัติ

สิ่งพวกนี้เกิดในสมองเรา เเสดงให้เห็นว่าเรามีความสามารถในการระบุเจตนามาโดยกำเนิด

บทที่ 7

การด่วนสรุป

A I3 C 12 I3 14

จากกด้านบนเขียนว่ายังไง ทุกคนน่าจะอ่าน A B C และ 12 13 14 แต่สามารถ อ่านเป็น A 13 C และ 12 B 14

ทำไมเราไม่อ่านแบบนั้น? เพราะบริบทรอบข้างเป็นแบบนั้น มันมีความกำกวม เเต่สมองจะด่วนสรุปจากบริบท

สมองระบบ 1 ของเราจะคาดเดาจากประสบการณ์เเละบริบทรอบตัว ในการตีความสิ่งที่มีความกำกวม เช่น ความทรงจำของเรา ตอนเด็กๆเราคงท่อง A B C อยู่เเล้ว เราคงไม่ท่อง A 13 C

อคติจากความเชื่อเเละยืนยันความเชื่อ

การพยายามเชื่อในตอนแรกเป็นหน้าที่ของระบบ 1 แม้ข้อความที่ไม่มีสาระก็สามารถกระตุ้นเราเชื่อในตอนแรกได้

เช่น

“ปลากินลูกกวาด”

เมื่ออ่านข้อความนี้เราน่าจะมีภาพอะไรในหัว สมองของเราพยายามจะหาความเชื่อมโยง เพื่อให้ข้อความข้างต้นสมเหตุสมผล

อีกหนึ่งการทดลอง ทำให้รู้ว่าเมื่อมีความเหนื่อยล้า สมองของเรามีเเนวโน้มพร้อมจะเชื่อแทบทุกอย่าง

ให้ผู้ทดลองต้องจำตัวเลขหลายหลักเเละต้องดูข้อความที่ ปรากฎขึ้น หลังจากนั้นจะมีคำว่า จริงหรือเท็จ ปรากฎตามมาภายหลังเพียงคำเดียว

ผลสรุปว่าผู้ทดลองมีเเนวโน้มที่จะเชื่อข้อความที่เป็นเท็จ เพราะสมองระบบ 2 ของเรายุ่งเเละเหนื่อยล้ากับการต้องจำตัวเลขก่อน

Confirmation Bias

การทำงานของความทรงจำเชื่องโยงไปสู่อคติที่เกิดจากการมองหาสิ่งยืนยันความเชื่อ

เช่น คำถามว่า “แซมเป็นมิตรใช่มั้ย”

เราจะนึกถึงพฤติกรรมต่างๆได้มากกว่าถามว่า ”แซมไม่ค่อยเป็นมิตรใช่มั้ย”

สมองของเราจะจดจ่อกับการหาสิ่งยืนยัน เเละสอดคล้องกับความเชื่อตัวเอง

Halo Effect

ถ้าเรามีเเนวโน้มที่จะชอบคนนึง ไม่ว่าจะเป็นภาพลักษณ์ น้ำเสียง ความอ่อนน้อม เรามีความเป็นไปได้ที่จะมองเค้าในเเง่ดีเกินความจริง

มีตัวอย่างการทดลอง

อลัน : ฉลาด ขยันขันแข็ง หุนหัน ชอบวิจารณ์ ดื้อรั้น ขี้อิจฉา เบน : ขี้อิจฉา ดื้อรั้น ชอบวิจารณ์ หุนหัน ขยันขันแข็ง ฉลาด

คนส่วนใหญ่จะมองว่าอลันในเเง่ดีกว่าเบน การเรียงลำดับจึงสำคัญ เพราะเราจะแปลความหมายจากเเรกไปอันดับรองลงมา ทำให้ความประทับใจเเรกเป็นสิ่งสำคัญ

WYSIATI (What you see is all there is)

“สิ่งที่เราเห็นคือทั้งหมดที่เป็น”

สมองระบบ 1 ของเราจะชอบด่วนสรุปและอ้างอิงกับความจำที่เรามี

การทดลองให้ผู้ทดลองได้ฟังความจากทนายที่มีหลักฐานเพียงฝั่งเดียว กลุ่มที่ได้เห็นหลักฐานฝั่งเดียวมั่นใจการตัดสินใจมากกว่ากลุ่มที่ได้ฟังจากทั้งสองฝั่ง

ผลมาจากความสอดคล้องของเรื่องราว ที่พวกเขาสามารถปะติดปะต่อขึ้นจากข้อมูลที่มี ปัจจัยที่สำคัญ คือ

“ความสอดคล้องของข้อมูล ไม่ใช่ความสมบูรณ์ของข้อมูล”

บทที่ 8

การตัดสินใจเกิดขึ้นอย่างไร

สมองของเราจะมีการ “ประเมินขั้นพื้นฐาน” ว่าคนที่เราเจอมีลักษณะเป็นอย่างไร เช่น ดูมีอำนาจ ยิ้มแย้ม ความน่าเชื่อถือ

มีการทดลองที่ให้ ผู้ทดลองดูภาพใบหน้าหาเสียงของผู้สมัครเลือกตั้ง ผลปรากฎว่ามีความใกล้เคียงกับผู้ที่ถูกเลือกตั้งจริงๆจากประเทศที่ได้รับเลือกจริง

การเปรียบเทียบความเข้มข้น

สมองระบบ 1 ของเราสามารถเปรียบความเข้มข้นกับในบริบทที่ต่างกันได้ เช่น อาชญากกรมที่มีความรุนเเรง ฆาตกกรรมจะมีความเข้มกว่าการลักขโมยของ

หรืออีกตัวอย่างคือ

จูลี่อ่านหนังสือได้คล่องตอนอายุ 4 ปี

เราสามารถที่จะเปรียบเทียบความเข้มข้นได้เป็น

เงินเดือนเท่าไหร่ความจะเปรียบเทียบได้กับความสามารถมากจูลี่ หรือ เกรดเฉลี่ยเท่าไหร่ที่เหมาะสมกับความสามารถ

ซึ่งถ้าวัดด้วยความเป็นจริงอาจจะไม่ใช่ก็ได้ เเต่สมองระบบ 1 ของเราสามารถที่จะเปรียบเทียบได้

การคิดเเบบเหวี่ยงแห

การทดลองเมื่อได้ยินเสียงคล้องจองกันให้กดปุ่มให้เร็วที่สุด

VOTE-NOTE

VOTE-GOAT

เราสามารถเห็นความเเตกต่างได้ชัดเจนว่า vote กับ note ใกล้เคียงกว่า

แต่การทดลองผู้เข้าทดลองจะได้ยินเพียงเสียงของคำ กลับไม่เป็นอย่างนั้น ในมุมผู้ทดลองจะมีการเปรียบเทียบเสียงของตัวสะกด เเทนที่คำสั่งคือการฟังเเค่เสียงคล้องจอง

หรืออีกการทดลอง ให้กดปุ่มเร็วที่สุดว่าประโยคไหนเป็นจริงหรือเป็นเท็จ

some roads are snakes (ถนนบางเส้นเป็นงู)

some jobs are snakes (งานบางงานเป็นงู)

some jobs are jails (งานบางงานเป็นคุก)

ทั้งสามประโยคเป็นเท็จเเต่จากการทดลอง ผู้ทดลองมีการตอบสนองต่อประโยคต่างกัน

เช่น ประโยค 1 กับ 3 เป็นจริงในเชิงเปรียบเทียบ ทำให้เราใช้เวลาในการคิดมาก เพราะสมองเราคิดเเบบเหวี่ยงแห

บทที่ 9

ตอบคำถามที่ง่ายกว่า

เรามักจะมีคำตอบกับคำถามที่เราไม่เข้าใจอย่างถ่องเเท้ โดยใช้หลักฐานที่เราไม่สามารถอธิบายได้

การแทนที่คำถาม

ระบบ 1 ของเราเมื่อมีคำถามมา มันจะพยายามเชื่อมโยง หาคำตอบที่เป็นไปได้เเละง่ายที่สุด โดยการแทนที่คำถามให้ง่าย

เช่น ”คุณมีความสุขกับชีวิตของคุณมากน้อยเพียงใด”

เจอคำถามนี้เราจะคิดนานขึ้นจนสมองอาจจะขอเปลี่ยนคำถามเป็น

”ตอนนี้ฉันรู้สึกยังไง”

ทางลัดความคิดของอารมณ์

ตัวอย่างการแทนที่คำถามที่มีการทดลองเก็บตัวอย่าง

1.คุณมีความสุขมากแค่ไหนในตอนนี้ 2.คุณออกเดตกี่ครั้งในเดือนที่แล้ว

นักวิจัยต้องการศึกษาความเชื่อมโยงของคำตอบว่า ถ้าออกเดตบ่อย จะมีความสุขมากกว่าหรือไม่

ผลปรากฎว่าไม่มีความเชื่อมโยงกันเลยของคำตอบ ผู้ถูกถามจะไม่นึกถึงการออกเดตเลยในสิ่งเเรกที่ได้ยินคำถามนี้

กลับกันถามว่า

1.คุณออกเดตกี่ครั้งในเดือนที่แล้ว 2.คุณมีความสุขมากแค่ไหนในตอนนี้

ผลเเตกต่างไปสิ้นเชิง ความเชื่อมของจำนวนการเดตเริ่มสอดคล้องกัน

การที่เราถูกถามเรื่องความสุขตอนนี้ จะใช้เวลาในการพิจารณามากกว่า เเต่เมื่อถามกับออกเดตก่อนเรามีคำตอบกับการเชื่อมโยงอยู่เเล้ว

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

หลังจากที่เราเพิ่งเปิดเรื่องไฟโตสเตอรอลไปหมาด ๆ ถึงเวลาที่ต้องมาคุยกันเรื่อง oryzanol ซึ่งเป็นอีกหนึ่งสารที่ถูกอุตสาหกรรมผลักดันให้เรารู้สึกว่า “ต้องกิน” เหมือนเป็นไอเทมลับสำหรับสุขภาพหัวใจ แต่เดี๋ยวก่อนนะ ทำไมสิ่งที่มนุษย์ไม่เคยต้องการมาก่อนถึงกลายเป็นสิ่งจำเป็นไปได้ ?

Oryzanol หรือ gamma-oryzanol เป็นสารประกอบที่พบได้ในน้ำมันรำข้าว มีโครงสร้างเป็น sterol ester ของกรดเฟอรูลิก (Ferulic acid esters of sterols and triterpenes) ซึ่งหมายความว่ามันมีโครงสร้างคล้ายกับไฟโตสเตอรอล แต่มาพร้อมกับองค์ประกอบของสารต้านอนุมูลอิสระที่ได้จากกรดเฟอรูลิก นั่นทำให้มันถูกโฆษณาว่าเป็นสารที่ช่วยลดคอเลสเตอรอล มีฤทธิ์ต้านอนุมูลอิสระ และอาจช่วยลดความเสี่ยงโรคหัวใจ ฟังดูดีใช่ไหม ? แต่มันก็คล้ายกับไฟโตสเตอรอลเลย คือเป็นสารที่ แข่งขันกับคอเลสเตอรอลในการดูดซึม และแน่นอนว่าผลข้างเคียงก็ยังคงอยู่ นั่นคือ มันอาจลดการดูดซึมวิตามิน A, D, E, K ซึ่งเป็นวิตามินที่ละลายในไขมันและจำเป็นต่อร่างกาย นั่นหมายความว่า ในขณะที่มันช่วยลด LDL ในกระดาษ มันอาจทำให้ร่างกายขาดสารอาหารที่สำคัญไปด้วย

ปัญหาที่ใหญ่กว่าคือ oryzanol พบมากใน น้ำมันรำข้าว ซึ่งเป็นหนึ่งในน้ำมันพืชที่ผ่านการแปรรูปสูง และการบริโภคน้ำมันพืชมากเกินไปนั้นสัมพันธ์กับ ภาวะอักเสบเรื้อรัง (chronic inflammation), ภาวะต้านอินซูลิน (insulin resistance), และความเสี่ยงโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด การที่อุตสาหกรรมบอกให้เราเพิ่ม oryzanol ในอาหาร จึงเป็นเหมือนการผลักให้ผู้คนบริโภคน้ำมันพืชมากขึ้นโดยไม่รู้ตัว ทั้งที่น้ำมันพืชโดยเฉพาะที่ผ่านกรรมวิธีอย่างน้ำมันรำข้าวมีปริมาณโอเมก้า-6 สูง ซึ่งถ้ารับมากเกินไปจะไปกระตุ้นกระบวนการอักเสบในร่างกาย เคยสังเกตไหมครับว่า น้ำมันรำข้าวมักโชว์ตัวเลขเก๋ๆของ Oryzanol แต่กลับไม่โชว์สัดส่วน โอเมก้า 6 กับ โอเมก้า 3

เทียบง่ายๆครับ น้ำมันคาโนลา มีโอเมก้า 6 ราวๆ 2200 - 2800 ต่อน้ำมัน 15 มล. (หน่วยบริโภค) น้ำมันรำข้าว มีโอเมก้า 6 ราวๆ 4,140 - 5,520 มก. ต่อน้ำมัน 15 มล. (หน่วยบริโภค) ในขณะที่โอเมก้า 3 ราวๆ 138 - 276 มก.ต่อน้ำมัน 15 มล. (หน่วยบริโภค) นี่หมายถึงสัดส่วนสูงไปถึงได้ราวๆ 40:1 ทั้งๆที่เราเข้าใจแหละว่าโอเมก้า6 ร่างกายจำเป็น แต่แต่แต่ จำเป็นไม่ได้หมายความว่าจัดหนัก เพราะสิ่งที่เราต้องพึงสังวรคือ สัดส่วนที่สมดุลระหว่าง โอเมก้า3และโอเมก้า6 ดังนั้น 40:1 ไม่เรียกว่าสมดุล ซึ่งจะกระตุ้นการอักเสบเรื้อรัง ในร่างกาย และเกี่ยวข้องกับโรคหัวใจ เบาหวาน และปัญหาสุขภาพอื่นๆ พาเหรดกันมา แต่คุณจะไม่เห็นตัวเลขนี้บนฉลากครับ

ผู้ผลิตผิดไหม? จะไปผิดอะไรครับ หน่วยบริโภคแนะนำเขา 1 หน่วยบริโภคคือ 15 มิลลิลิตร หรือ 1 ช้อนโต๊ะ แค่นั้นเอง คำถามคือ มีใครใช้ตามนั้นบ้าง คุณเจียวไข่เจียวใช้เท่าไร ผัดข้าวผัดใช้เท่าไหร่ อ่ะ ผัดผักรวมมิตรก็ได้ เอาแบบเต็มเปี่ยมเลย รู้ไหมว่ามีหลายคนเอาไปทำน้ำสลัด OMG ผมถึงบอกอยู่ครับว่า คุณอย่าไปว่าผู้ผลิตเลย เขาปกป้องตัวเองไว้เรียบร้อยทุกมุมอยู่แล้วครับ ถ้าเรายังไม่อ่านฉลาก ซื้อเครื่องไฟฟ้าไม่เคยดูคู่มือ เซนต์สัญญาแบบไม่อ่านก่อน คุณจะว่าใครจริงไหมครับ

ที่น่าสนใจกว่านั้นคือเราเข้าใจกันแล้วใช่ไหมว่า oryzanol ไม่ได้มาจากการกินรำข้าวตรง ๆ แต่ต้องผ่านกระบวนการสกัดที่ซับซ้อนเพื่อได้น้ำมันมาใช้ และวิธีที่อุตสาหกรรมใช้มากที่สุดก็คือ การสกัดด้วยเฮกเซน (Hexane Extraction) ซึ่งเป็นตัวทำละลายเคมีที่อาจมีสารตกค้างในผลิตภัณฑ์สุดท้าย ถึงแม้จะมีวิธีอื่นที่ปลอดภัยกว่า เช่น การสกัดด้วยเอทานอล (Ethanol Extraction), การสกัดด้วยเอนไซม์ (Enzyme-Assisted Extraction), หรือการสกัดด้วยคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์เหนือวิกฤต (Supercritical CO₂ Extraction) แต่ทั้งหมดนี้มีต้นทุนสูงกว่า ทำให้ไม่เป็นที่นิยมในอุตสาหกรรม นั่นหมายความว่า ถ้าผลิตภัณฑ์ที่คุณซื้อไม่ได้ระบุว่าใช้วิธีอื่น ส่วนใหญ่ก็คือเฮกเซนแน่นอน

ข้อเสียของการบริโภค oryzanol มากเกินไปไม่ได้จบแค่การขัดขวางการดูดซึมวิตามิน เพราะการบริโภคในปริมาณสูงอาจส่งผลให้เกิด ความไม่สมดุลของฮอร์โมน เนื่องจาก oryzanol มีโครงสร้างคล้ายกับสเตอรอลในร่างกาย มันอาจไปรบกวนกระบวนการเผาผลาญของสเตอรอยด์ฮอร์โมน เช่น ฮอร์โมนเพศชาย (Testosterone) และฮอร์โมนความเครียด (Cortisol) ซึ่งในระยะยาวอาจส่งผลต่อระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน อารมณ์ และระดับพลังงานของร่างกาย

ประเด็นที่สำคัญคือ ในเมื่อเรามีอาหารจากธรรมชาติที่ช่วยบำรุงหัวใจได้โดยไม่ต้องมีผลข้างเคียง เช่น ไขมันสัตว์ดี ๆ ที่มีวิตามิน A, D, E, K ครบถ้วน ทำไมต้องพึ่งพาสารสกัดจากอุตสาหกรรม ? สิ่งที่ดูเหมือนดีจากงานวิจัยในแล็บ อาจไม่ได้ดีในระยะยาวเมื่ออยู่ในร่างกายมนุษย์จริง ๆ

ทีนี้เรามาดูจุดขายของ น้ำมันรำข้าวกัน - oryzanol เป็นสารธรรมชาติ ทนความร้อนสูง เอาไปใช้ทอดจะไม่เกิดการสลายตัว ทนความร้อนสูงนี่จริงเลยครับ โอริซานอลเป็นสารต้านอนุมูลอิสระในกลุ่ม Ferulic Acid Esters ซึ่งมีโครงสร้างเสถียรกว่าวิตามินอี (เทียบกับวิตามินอีเพราะ ต้านอนุมูลอิสระ และ การปกป้องไขมันจากการเกิดออกซิเดชัน ) มี จุดสลายตัวสูงกว่า 250°C ซึ่งทำให้ยังคงอยู่ได้ในอุณหภูมิที่ใช้ทอดอาหาร แล้วมันแปลว่าดีจริงไหม? ในขณะที่ น้ำมันรำข้าวมีโอเมก้า-6 สูงมาก (30-40%) ซึ่งไวต่อการเกิดออกซิเดชัน ถึงแม้โอริซานอลจะช่วยชะลอการเหม็นหืน แต่มันไม่ได้ช่วยลดการเกิด สารพิษจากไขมันไหม้ เช่น Aldehydes หรือ HNE (4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal) ที่มาจากโอเมก้า-6 หรือเปล่า??? มันคือการพูดให้เราไปโฟกัสจุดเดียวครับ "โอริซานอลทนร้อน ไม่ได้แปลว่า น้ำมันรำข้าวดีต่อสุขภาพ" เพราะโอเมก้า6 ที่ไวต่อการเกิดออกซิเดชัน รวมถึงวิตามินต่างๆ ก็ยังสูญสลายไปด้วยความร้อน นี่ยังไม่รวมถึงโทษของการกินโอริซานอลมากไปตามที่ให้ข้อมูลไว้ข้างบนด้วย

นอกจากนี้ยังมีคนตั้งคำถามไว้มากมายว่า หากโอริซานอลมีผลชัดเจนต่อสุขภาพเช่นเดียวกับที่โฆษณา ทำไมจึงไม่ได้รับการพัฒนาเป็นยาอย่างจริงจัง? หรือคำตอบคือ งานวิจัยที่สนับสนุนโอริซานอลยังไม่เพียงพอ และในหลายกรณี ผลของมันอาจเกิดจาก Placebo Effect (ผลจากความเชื่อว่ามันได้ผล มากกว่าผลจริงๆ ของสารนั้น) ซึ่งเป็นลักษณะเดียวกับ "ยาหลอก" ที่ไม่ได้มีฤทธิ์ทางชีวเคมีที่ส่งผลชัดเจน

• มีไลโนเลอิกสูง ใช่ครับไม่ผิดเลยในจุดนี้ ไลโนเลอิก (Linoleic acid) เป็น กรดไขมันไม่อิ่มตัวชนิดหลายพันธะ (Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, PUFA) ที่สำคัญและจำเป็นสำหรับร่างกาย โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในการช่วยบำรุงเซลล์และระบบต่างๆ ของร่างกาย ที่สำคัญคือ ไลโนเลอิกเป็นกรดไขมันในกลุ่ม โอเมก้า-6 เป็นสิ่งที่บอกกับเราชัดๆว่า โอเมก้า6 สูงนั่นเอง ถ้าจะดึงเฉพาะข้อดีมาคุยกันก็ไม่ผิดอะไรเลยครับ เพราะโอเมก้า6 สำคัญกับร่างกายจริงๆ แต่ แต่ แต่ การรับโอเมก้า-6 ในปริมาณสูงเกินไปอาจทำให้เกิดการอักเสบในร่างกาย ซึ่งเกี่ยวข้องกับโรคต่างๆ เช่น โรคหัวใจ โรคมะเร็ง และโรคเบาหวาน อย่างที่เรารู้กัน ดังนั้นที่บอกไว้ข้างบนครับ สัดส่วนโอเมก้า 6:3 คือ 40:1 หรือใน 1 ช้อนโต๊ะ มีโอเมก้า 6 สูงถึง ราวๆ 4,140 - 5,520 มก. เรียกว่าโฆษณาไม่ผิดเลยเรื่องปริมาณ แต่จริงๆแล้วเราควรรักษาสมดุล โอเมก้า 6:3 ให้ใกล้เคียง 1:1 มากที่สุดเท่าที่ทำได้ เราก็อาจต้องตั้งคำถามอีกทีว่า การมีไลโนเลอิกสูง มันดีจริงไหม

• โทโคฟีรอล (Tocopherols) เป็นสารประกอบที่อยู่ในกลุ่ม วิตามินอี เป็นสารต้านอนุมูลอิสระในร่างกาย โดยช่วยปกป้องเซลล์จากความเสียหายจากอนุมูลอิสระและช่วยชะลอการเสื่อมของเซลล์ ถูกต้องตามโฆษณา จริงๆหน้าที่หลักคือปกป้องไขมันไม่ให้เกิดการออกซิเดชัน ซึ่งสามารถช่วยยืดอายุการใช้งานของน้ำมัน หรือไม่ให้เกิดการหืน นั่นเอง แต่การทอดหรือปรุงอาหารในอุณหภูมิสูงเกินไป ก็อาจทำให้น้ำมันเกิดการออกซิเดชันและเกิดสารพิษที่เป็นอันตรายต่อร่างกายได้ อย่าลืมนะครับว่าคำแนะนำในการใช้น้ำมันรำข้าว กลับชูการเหมาะกับอาหารทอดอุณหภูมิสูง

• โทโคไทรอีนอล (Tocotrienols) เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของกลุ่ม วิตามินอี เช่นกัน การบริโภคมากเกินไป การรับประทาน โทโคไทรอีนอลในปริมาณมาก อาจมีผลข้างเคียงที่ไม่พึงประสงค์ เช่น ส่งผลกระทบต่อการดูดซึมวิตามินอื่นๆ ในร่างกายโดยเฉพาะวิตามิน K ซึ่งอาจทำให้เกิดปัญหาการแข็งตัวของเลือด, ทำให้ตับทำงานหนักขึ้นในการจัดการกับสารนี้ ซึ่งอาจส่งผลเสียต่อการทำงานของตับระยะยาว

สุดท้ายแล้ว เราต้องกลับมาตั้งคำถามว่า เราอยากให้สุขภาพของเราถูกกำหนดโดยการตลาดของอุตสาหกรรม หรือโดยสิ่งที่ธรรมชาติออกแบบมาให้เราตั้งแต่แรก ? ถ้าจะดูแลหัวใจจริง ๆ การกินอาหารที่มนุษย์วิวัฒนาการมากับมันมาตลอด เช่น เนื้อสัตว์ ไข่ ตับ และไขมันดี ๆ อาจเป็นคำตอบที่เรียบง่ายและมีเหตุผลมากกว่าการไล่ตามสารสกัดที่อุตสาหกรรมบอกว่าจำเป็น แต่ธรรมชาติอาจไม่เคยเห็นว่ามันสำคัญเลยก็ได้

#pirateketo #ฉลาก3รู้ #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก

@ c8adf82a:7265ee75

What is knowledge? Why do we need it?

Since we were small, our parents/guardian put us in school, worked their asses off to give us elective lessons, some get help until college, some even after college and after professional work. Why is this intelligence thing so sought after?

When you were born, you mostly just accepted what your parents said, they say go to school - you go to school, they say go learn the piano - you learn the piano. Of course with a lot of questions and denials, but you do it because you know your parents are doing it for your own good. You can feel the love so you disregard the 'why' and go on with faith

Everything starts with why, and for most people maybe the purpose of knowledge is to be smarter, to know more, just because. But for me this sounds utterly useless. One day I will die next to a man with half a brain and we would feel the same exact thing on the ground. Literally being smarter at the end does not matter at all

However, I am not saying to just be lazy and foolish. For me the purpose of knowledge is action. The more you learn, the more you know what to do, the more you can be sure you are doing the right thing, the more you can make progress on your own being, etc etc

Now, how can you properly learn? Imagine a water bottle. The water bottle's sole purpose is to contain water, but you cannot fill in the water bottle before you open the cap. To learn properly, make sure you open the cap and let all that water pour into you

If you are reading this, you are alive. Don't waste your time doing useless stuff and start to make a difference in your life

Seize the day

@ 7c05c4f6:50d03508

What is Cooker? Cooker.club is a decentralized AI agent creation and distribution platform that focuses on empowering the Web3 ecosystem through music AI agents, virtual idols, social KOLs, and AI NPCs. By integrating AI, music, and Web3, it has built a new AI creator economy, allowing AI characters to engage in autonomous creation, social interaction, and economic activities. The platform supports AI agent creation, tokenized economic systems, social interaction, smart contract execution, and decentralized governance, enabling users to freely create AI agents and manage their economic operations. In the Cooker.club ecosystem, the Bonding Curve is a crucial dynamic pricing mechanism that determines how AI agent tokens fluctuate based on supply and demand, promoting the healthy development of the AI economy.

1. What is a Bonding Curve? A Bonding Curve is a mathematical function that automatically adjusts the price of an asset based on its supply. The core logic is: Buying tokens (increasing supply) → Price rises Selling tokens (decreasing supply) → Price falls This ensures that token prices do not rely on order books but are automatically adjusted by smart contracts based on supply and demand, enhancing liquidity and market fairness.

2. Common Types of Bonding Curves The mathematical formula of a Bonding Curve determines how prices change. Different curve types suit different economic models: (1) Linear Bonding Curve Formula: P = kS Characteristics: Price increases linearly with supply Suitable for simple token economic systems (2) Exponential Bonding Curve Formula: P = kS^n Characteristics: Price increases exponentially as supply grows Suitable for high-growth, high-incentive token models (3) Logarithmic Bonding Curve Formula: P = k log(S + 1) Characteristics: Price growth slows down, preventing excessive inflation Suitable for long-term stable AI economies

3. How Does Cooker Utilize the Bonding Curve? (1) Dynamic Pricing of AI Agent Tokens AI agents on Cooker.club can issue their own Agent Tokens, whose price is influenced by the Bonding Curve, ensuring: Early adopters can purchase tokens at a lower cost, promoting AI agent growth. As AI agents gain influence, token prices rise, rewarding early supporters. (2) DAO and Decentralized Governance Cooker adopts the Bonding Curve mechanism to ensure fair distribution of governance tokens, enabling the community to participate in the economic decisions of AI agents.

4. Milestones: Expanding to Larger Liquidity Pools Cooker has an innovative milestone-based liquidity expansion strategy, where AI agent tokens transition from the Cooker.club ecosystem to major decentralized exchanges as they reach key valuation thresholds: Base Milestone: When an AI agent token reaches a predefined market cap, it gets listed on Uniswap (Ethereum network). BSC Milestone: Upon reaching a higher threshold, it expands to PancakeSwap (Binance Smart Chain). Upcoming Solana Milestone: AI agent tokens will soon launch on Raydium once they meet the required valuation criteria on the Solana blockchain. This approach ensures smooth liquidity growth while maintaining controlled token price dynamics through the Bonding Curve.

5. Conclusion The Bonding Curve is an essential dynamic pricing mechanism in the Cooker ecosystem, ensuring a more transparent and sustainable AI token economy. Through this mechanism, Cooker.club aims to establish a decentralized, autonomous AI creator economy, where AI characters evolve into independent intelligent entities within the Web3 financial ecosystem. The milestone-based liquidity expansion further enhances accessibility and market adoption, bridging AI agent tokens into broader decentralized finance environments.

@ 69e50943:2ac7059c

This is a test

How does this look?

@ 61b9797c:1e3c98a8

MB88 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật với những trò chơi phong phú, sáng tạo và đầy tính thử thách. Không giống như các nền tảng thông thường, MB88 mang đến cho người chơi những trải nghiệm đa dạng từ các trò chơi đơn giản, dễ tiếp cận cho đến những trò đòi hỏi tư duy chiến lược và khả năng ra quyết định nhanh chóng. Được thiết kế với giao diện thân thiện và dễ sử dụng, MB88 giúp người chơi nhanh chóng làm quen với nền tảng và bắt đầu tham gia vào các trò chơi yêu thích của mình mà không gặp phải bất kỳ khó khăn nào. Đặc biệt, nền tảng này còn tối ưu hóa trải nghiệm người chơi trên cả các thiết bị di động lẫn máy tính để bàn, mang lại sự linh hoạt và thuận tiện cho người chơi bất kể ở đâu và khi nào. Với đồ họa sắc nét và âm thanh sống động, các trò chơi trên MB88 không chỉ đáp ứng nhu cầu giải trí mà còn tạo ra một môi trường hoàn hảo để người chơi đắm chìm trong những phút giây thư giãn tuyệt vời.

Bên cạnh sự đa dạng về trò chơi, MB88 còn chú trọng đến bảo mật và an toàn của người dùng. Các công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến nhất đã được áp dụng để đảm bảo rằng mọi giao dịch và thông tin cá nhân của người chơi luôn được bảo vệ một cách tối đa. Mọi hoạt động trên nền tảng đều được mã hóa và giám sát chặt chẽ, nhằm ngăn ngừa mọi hành vi xâm nhập hoặc gian lận. Hệ thống bảo mật của MB88 không chỉ bảo vệ người chơi khỏi các mối đe dọa bên ngoài mà còn giúp duy trì một môi trường chơi game an toàn, đáng tin cậy cho tất cả người tham gia. Điều này giúp MB88 xây dựng được lòng tin vững chắc từ người chơi, cho phép họ yên tâm tận hưởng những trò chơi thú vị mà không phải lo lắng về vấn đề bảo mật thông tin cá nhân hay tài chính.

Một điểm mạnh không thể không nhắc đến của MB88 chính là dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng xuất sắc. Được hỗ trợ bởi đội ngũ nhân viên nhiệt tình và chuyên nghiệp, người chơi có thể dễ dàng liên hệ và nhận sự hỗ trợ mọi lúc, mọi nơi. Dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng của MB88 không chỉ giải đáp thắc mắc, mà còn hỗ trợ xử lý các vấn đề kỹ thuật và tài chính nhanh chóng và hiệu quả. Với đội ngũ tư vấn viên luôn sẵn sàng 24/7, người chơi có thể yên tâm rằng mọi vấn đề của mình sẽ được giải quyết kịp thời. Các phương thức liên lạc linh hoạt như chat trực tuyến, email và điện thoại giúp người chơi tiếp cận dịch vụ hỗ trợ một cách dễ dàng và thuận tiện. Chính sự tận tâm và chuyên nghiệp của đội ngũ này đã góp phần tạo nên sự khác biệt của MB88, khiến nền tảng này trở thành một trong những sự lựa chọn yêu thích của cộng đồng người chơi.

@ 61b9797c:1e3c98a8

Macao99 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật, cung cấp cho người chơi một loạt các trò chơi đa dạng, đáp ứng đầy đủ nhu cầu giải trí từ cơ bản đến phức tạp. Với giao diện dễ sử dụng, người chơi có thể dễ dàng tham gia vào các trò chơi yêu thích chỉ với một vài thao tác đơn giản. Sự đa dạng về các thể loại trò chơi là điểm mạnh lớn của Macao99, với những lựa chọn phong phú từ các trò chơi nhẹ nhàng thư giãn đến những thử thách đòi hỏi chiến thuật và tư duy sắc bén. Đồ họa sắc nét và âm thanh sống động trong mỗi trò chơi mang đến một trải nghiệm gần như thực tế, giúp người chơi cảm thấy như đang tham gia vào một thế giới giải trí đầy hứng khởi và thú vị. Macao99 không ngừng cải tiến và làm mới các trò chơi của mình, mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm mới mẻ và hấp dẫn, giữ chân người chơi lâu dài mà không bị nhàm chán.

Ngoài chất lượng trò chơi, Macao99 còn chú trọng đến việc bảo mật thông tin của người chơi. Nền tảng này sử dụng các công nghệ mã hóa tiên tiến để bảo vệ tất cả các giao dịch và dữ liệu cá nhân, giúp người chơi hoàn toàn yên tâm khi tham gia vào các trò chơi. Mỗi giao dịch tài chính, từ việc nạp tiền đến rút tiền, đều được thực hiện trong môi trường an toàn, bảo mật, đảm bảo rằng thông tin của người dùng không bị xâm nhập hay rò rỉ. Đặc biệt, Macao99 luôn theo dõi và nâng cấp hệ thống bảo mật để đối phó với những mối nguy cơ từ các đối tượng xấu bên ngoài, giúp tạo ra một môi trường chơi game an toàn tuyệt đối. Nhờ vào các biện pháp bảo mật mạnh mẽ này, Macao99 đã xây dựng được sự tin tưởng và sự trung thành của cộng đồng người chơi, những người luôn cảm thấy an toàn và tự tin khi tham gia vào nền tảng.

Bên cạnh đó, dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng của Macao99 là một điểm mạnh không thể bỏ qua. Với đội ngũ hỗ trợ chuyên nghiệp, nhiệt tình và luôn sẵn sàng phục vụ 24/7, Macao99 đảm bảo rằng mọi vấn đề của người chơi sẽ được giải quyết nhanh chóng và hiệu quả. Dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng không chỉ giải đáp các thắc mắc, mà còn hỗ trợ xử lý các vấn đề phát sinh trong quá trình tham gia giải trí, giúp người chơi luôn có trải nghiệm mượt mà và thoải mái. Các kênh hỗ trợ đa dạng như chat trực tuyến, email và điện thoại giúp người chơi dễ dàng tiếp cận dịch vụ hỗ trợ khi cần thiết. Sự tận tâm và chu đáo của đội ngũ này đã góp phần tạo dựng sự tin tưởng từ phía người chơi và giúp Macao99 duy trì được mối quan hệ bền vững với cộng đồng. Với tất cả những yếu tố này, Macao99 đã và đang là một trong những nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến được yêu thích nhất, mang lại cho người chơi những trải nghiệm an toàn, thú vị và đáng tin cậy.

@ 61b9797c:1e3c98a8

Loto188 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật, đem đến cho người chơi những trải nghiệm đa dạng và thú vị, không chỉ thông qua các trò chơi hấp dẫn mà còn nhờ vào giao diện dễ sử dụng và tính năng tối ưu cho mọi thiết bị. Người chơi sẽ dễ dàng tiếp cận các trò chơi yêu thích của mình chỉ với vài thao tác đơn giản. Với một loạt các trò chơi từ những lựa chọn đơn giản cho đến những thử thách đòi hỏi chiến thuật, Loto188 phục vụ tất cả mọi sở thích của người chơi. Sự kết hợp giữa đồ họa tinh xảo và âm thanh sống động của nền tảng này khiến cho mỗi trò chơi trở nên sinh động và cuốn hút hơn bao giờ hết. Hơn nữa, Loto188 liên tục cập nhật các trò chơi mới, đáp ứng nhu cầu giải trí đa dạng và không ngừng nâng cao chất lượng sản phẩm của mình, giúp người chơi luôn có những trải nghiệm mới mẻ và thú vị, không bao giờ cảm thấy nhàm chán.

Một trong những yếu tố quan trọng tạo nên sự khác biệt của Loto188 chính là tính bảo mật và an toàn của nền tảng. Loto188 đã áp dụng công nghệ mã hóa tiên tiến để bảo vệ mọi thông tin cá nhân và tài chính của người chơi, giúp họ yên tâm tham gia mà không phải lo lắng về việc bị xâm nhập hay lộ lọt dữ liệu. Tất cả các giao dịch tài chính trên nền tảng này, bao gồm việc nạp tiền và rút tiền, đều được thực hiện trong môi trường bảo mật cao cấp, đảm bảo rằng không có bất kỳ sự can thiệp không mong muốn nào xảy ra. Hệ thống bảo mật của Loto188 được thiết kế để chống lại mọi mối nguy từ các tác nhân xấu bên ngoài, bảo vệ người chơi khỏi những rủi ro tiềm ẩn. Điều này đã giúp Loto188 xây dựng được một cộng đồng người chơi trung thành, những người luôn cảm thấy an tâm khi tham gia vào các hoạt động giải trí trên nền tảng.

Dịch vụ chăm sóc khách hàng của Loto188 cũng là một điểm nổi bật đáng chú ý. Với đội ngũ hỗ trợ chuyên nghiệp và tận tâm, Loto188 luôn sẵn sàng giải đáp mọi thắc mắc và giúp người chơi giải quyết các vấn đề phát sinh một cách nhanh chóng và hiệu quả. Người chơi có thể liên hệ với đội ngũ hỗ trợ qua nhiều phương thức khác nhau, bao gồm chat trực tuyến, email hoặc điện thoại, đảm bảo rằng mọi yêu cầu sẽ được xử lý kịp thời. Sự nhiệt tình và thân thiện của đội ngũ chăm sóc khách hàng chính là yếu tố quan trọng giúp người chơi cảm thấy hài lòng và tin tưởng vào nền tảng này. Từ chất lượng trò chơi, bảo mật cao đến dịch vụ khách hàng xuất sắc, Loto188 không chỉ là một nền tảng giải trí mà còn là một lựa chọn đáng tin cậy cho những ai tìm kiếm một không gian giải trí an toàn, thú vị và đầy ắp những trải nghiệm mới mẻ.

@ 2b42dd42:5049393c

this is a test

end of the test

@ 7bdef7be:784a5805

We value sovereignty, privacy and security when accessing online content, using several tools to achieve this, like open protocols, open OSes, open software products, Tor and VPNs.

The problem

Talking about our social presence, we can manually build up our follower list (social graph), pick a Nostr client that is respectful of our preferences on what to show and how, but with the standard following mechanism, our main feed is public, so everyone can actually snoop what we are interested in, and what is supposable that we read daily.

The solution

Nostr has a simple solution for this necessity: encrypted lists. Lists are what they appear, a collection of people or interests (but they can also group much other stuff, see NIP-51). So we can create lists with contacts that we don't have in our main social graph; these lists can be used primarily to create dedicated feeds, but they could have other uses, for example, related to monitoring. The interesting thing about lists is that they can also be encrypted, so unlike the basic following list, which is always public, we can hide the lists' content from others. The implications are obvious: we can not only have a more organized way to browse content, but it is also really private one.

One might wonder what use can really be made of private lists; here are some examples:

• Browse “can't miss” content from users I consider a priority;
• Supervise competitors or adversarial parts;
• Monitor sensible topics (tags);
• Following someone without being publicly associated with them, as this may be undesirable;

The benefits in terms of privacy as usual are not only related to the casual, or programmatic, observer, but are also evident when we think of how many bots scan our actions to profile us.

The current state

Unfortunately, lists are not widely supported by Nostr clients, and encrypted support is a rarity. Often the excuse to not implement them is that they are harder to develop, since they require managing the encryption stuff (NIP-44). Nevertheless, developers have an easier option to start offering private lists: give the user the possibility to simply mark them as local-only, and never push them to the relays. Even if the user misses the sync feature, this is sufficient to create a private environment.

To date, as far as I know, the best client with list management is Gossip, which permits to manage both encrypted and local-only lists.

Beg your Nostr client to implement private lists!

@ 2ed3596e:98b4cc78

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3. Include your WellTag (or transaction ID), in the review so we can add you to the prize draw

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1. Google the Bitcoin Well Bitcoin ATM you recently used
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3. Include your transaction ID, in the review so we can add you to the prize draw

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@ f9d11792:e340e19e

A 73Bet é uma plataforma de entretenimento digital que tem conquistado a atenção de jogadores de todo o Brasil, oferecendo uma experiência rica e diversificada. Com uma interface intuitiva, jogos inovadores e um foco claro na satisfação do usuário, a plataforma se destaca como uma excelente opção para aqueles que buscam diversão e emoção em um ambiente seguro e dinâmico.

Introdução à 73Bet A 73Bet surge como uma plataforma moderna, projetada para proporcionar uma experiência única e envolvente para os seus usuários. Com uma interface simples e acessível, qualquer jogador pode navegar facilmente entre as opções de jogos e serviços oferecidos. A plataforma busca atender a diferentes perfis de jogadores, oferecendo desde opções mais tradicionais até inovações tecnológicas que mantêm os usuários em constante expectativa e diversão.

Com um design intuitivo e um sistema de navegação ágil, a 73Bet garante que os jogadores tenham uma experiência fluida, seja acessando a plataforma através de desktop ou dispositivos móveis. Além disso, a plataforma tem se dedicado a proporcionar um ambiente seguro, com protocolos de segurança que garantem a proteção dos dados dos usuários.

Variedade de Jogos na 73Bet Um dos maiores atrativos da 73bet é a vasta gama de opções de jogos disponíveis para os jogadores. A plataforma se destaca pela diversidade de títulos e modalidades, que atendem desde os iniciantes até os jogadores mais experientes. Entre as opções, é possível encontrar jogos de mesa, apostas esportivas, títulos inovadores, além de jogos que podem ser jogados ao vivo, proporcionando uma experiência cada vez mais imersiva e interativa.

A 73Bet também é conhecida pela qualidade de seus desenvolvedores de software, que garantem que cada jogo tenha gráficos impressionantes, mecânicas envolventes e uma jogabilidade fluída. Isso significa que os jogadores podem aproveitar uma experiência de jogo divertida e desafiante, com novas possibilidades de interação a cada momento. Além disso, a plataforma está sempre atenta às tendências do mercado, trazendo constantemente novos títulos para seu portfólio, garantindo que os jogadores nunca fiquem sem novidades.

Entre as opções mais populares, destacam-se os jogos de roleta, blackjack e poker, todos com uma jogabilidade refinada e regras claras que permitem que qualquer jogador aproveite ao máximo. A variedade de jogos de sorteios e apostas também é um dos grandes atrativos da 73Bet, permitindo aos jogadores apostarem de maneira divertida e desafiadora em diversos cenários.

A Experiência do Jogador na 73Bet A experiência do jogador é a principal prioridade da 73Bet, o que é refletido em todos os aspectos da plataforma. Desde o momento em que o usuário acessa o site até a sua interação com os jogos, cada detalhe é pensado para proporcionar conforto, segurança e entretenimento de qualidade.

Uma das grandes vantagens oferecidas pela 73Bet é a interface amigável. A navegação pelo site é extremamente simples, com todos os jogos e informações claramente organizados, o que facilita a localização das opções preferidas. Além disso, o processo de registro e login é rápido e descomplicado, permitindo que o jogador se concentre no que realmente importa: se divertir e aproveitar a plataforma.

A plataforma também valoriza a interação e o engajamento dos jogadores. Oferece, por exemplo, um sistema de chat ao vivo, onde os usuários podem tirar dúvidas e conversar com outros jogadores em tempo real. Esse tipo de comunicação não apenas melhora a experiência de jogo, mas também cria um senso de comunidade dentro da plataforma, o que é essencial para muitos jogadores.

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Conclusão A 73Bet se apresenta como uma plataforma completa e bem estruturada, que oferece uma excelente experiência de entretenimento para jogadores de todos os perfis. Com uma vasta gama de jogos de qualidade, uma interface amigável e um foco constante na satisfação do usuário, a plataforma se destaca no cenário digital, proporcionando horas de diversão e desafios. Para aqueles que procuram um ambiente seguro, divertido e inovador, a 73Bet é, sem dúvida, uma escolha ideal.

@ f9d11792:e340e19e

O Fogo777 chegou para transformar a maneira como os jogadores se divertem e aproveitam as oportunidades de entretenimento online. Com uma plataforma moderna e intuitiva, Fogo777 se destaca como um dos principais destinos para quem busca uma experiência imersiva e única no mundo dos jogos. Neste artigo, vamos explorar a introdução à plataforma, os jogos oferecidos e a experiência do jogador, com ênfase no que torna o Fogo777 uma escolha excelente para os entusiastas desse tipo de entretenimento.

Introdução à Plataforma Fogo777 O Fogo777 é uma plataforma digital inovadora que oferece aos jogadores uma experiência rica e envolvente, com uma interface amigável e de fácil navegação. O design do site é pensado para ser acessível tanto para novatos quanto para jogadores experientes, proporcionando uma jornada tranquila desde o momento do cadastro até a escolha de jogos e interação com outras funcionalidades.

Ao acessar o site, os jogadores são recebidos com um layout moderno e vibrante, que reflete a energia e a paixão do fogo777 . Com uma paleta de cores quentes e gráficos de alta qualidade, o visual da plataforma cria uma atmosfera envolvente e acolhedora. A navegação é simples, com menus organizados para facilitar o acesso rápido aos jogos e informações relevantes.

Fogo777 também investe em uma plataforma segura e confiável, garantindo que todas as transações financeiras e dados pessoais dos jogadores sejam protegidos por tecnologias de ponta. A segurança é uma das maiores prioridades, oferecendo aos usuários tranquilidade para desfrutar da plataforma sem preocupações.

Além disso, a plataforma é totalmente compatível com dispositivos móveis, permitindo que os jogadores acessem suas contas e joguem onde quer que estejam, seja no celular ou tablet. Essa flexibilidade torna o Fogo777 acessível em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento, adaptando-se às necessidades do estilo de vida moderno.

Jogos Disponíveis no Fogo777 O Fogo777 oferece uma vasta seleção de jogos, abrangendo uma ampla gama de gêneros que atendem a todos os gostos e preferências. Desde jogos de habilidade e estratégia até opções de pura diversão e entretenimento, a plataforma possui algo para todos os jogadores.

Entre os jogos mais populares estão os clássicos jogos de mesa, onde os jogadores podem testar suas habilidades de raciocínio e estratégia. Para aqueles que preferem algo mais dinâmico e visualmente impactante, a plataforma conta com uma grande variedade de jogos com gráficos modernos e efeitos sonoros imersivos, criando uma experiência sensorial completa.

Além dos jogos mais tradicionais, Fogo777 também se destaca por oferecer títulos exclusivos e inovadores, desenvolvidos por grandes estúdios de jogos. Esses jogos não apenas oferecem novas mecânicas e recursos, mas também apresentam temáticas criativas e enredos envolventes que mantêm os jogadores atentos a cada movimento.

Outro destaque da plataforma é a opção de jogos ao vivo, onde os jogadores podem participar de partidas em tempo real, com dealers ao vivo e interações com outros jogadores. Essa modalidade aumenta ainda mais o nível de imersão e proporciona uma experiência social única dentro da plataforma.

Com novos títulos sendo adicionados regularmente, Fogo777 se mantém atualizado com as últimas tendências do mercado, garantindo que os jogadores tenham sempre algo novo e emocionante para explorar.

A Experiência do Jogador no Fogo777 A experiência do jogador no Fogo777 é a chave do sucesso da plataforma. Desde o momento em que o jogador se cadastra até a hora de escolher o próximo jogo, cada etapa é projetada para garantir diversão, conforto e, claro, segurança. A interface intuitiva facilita o processo de navegação, permitindo que qualquer pessoa, independentemente de sua experiência prévia, consiga aproveitar as funcionalidades da plataforma sem dificuldades.

Uma das maiores vantagens do Fogo777 é a variedade de opções de personalização, o que permite que cada jogador crie uma experiência única. É possível ajustar preferências de jogo, escolher entre diferentes modos e até participar de torneios exclusivos, desafiando amigos ou outros jogadores ao redor do mundo.

A plataforma também é famosa pelo suporte excepcional ao cliente, com uma equipe dedicada e pronta para ajudar em qualquer situação. Se o jogador tiver alguma dúvida ou enfrentar qualquer problema técnico, o atendimento ao cliente do Fogo777 está disponível para fornecer assistência rápida e eficiente, garantindo que o jogador não perca tempo tentando resolver problemas sozinho.

Além disso, o Fogo777 oferece promoções e bônus regulares que aumentam as chances de sucesso dos jogadores, incentivando a participação contínua e recompensando a fidelidade. Estes incentivos são uma parte essencial da experiência de jogo, tornando cada momento mais emocionante e satisfatório.

O Fogo777 também possui uma comunidade vibrante e ativa, onde os jogadores podem interagir entre si, compartilhar dicas, estratégias e até celebrar vitórias juntos. Essa conexão social é um elemento fundamental da plataforma, proporcionando aos jogadores a sensação de pertencimento e camaradagem, mesmo quando estão jogando a partir de locais diferentes ao redor do mundo.

Conclusão Fogo777 é uma plataforma que não só oferece uma ampla gama de jogos, mas também proporciona uma experiência de jogador de alta qualidade, com segurança, suporte e personalização de ponta. Seja você um jogador experiente ou alguém que está começando agora, Fogo777 oferece tudo o que você precisa para se divertir e explorar novas formas de entretenimento. A combinação de uma plataforma bem projetada, jogos empolgantes e um ambiente de comunidade envolvente faz do Fogo777 uma escolha de destaque para quem busca uma experiência de jogo completa e única.

@ 07f367da:0e76880d

윤석열 탄핵 선고를 앞둔 4월 3일. 우리 노동조합은 서울 마포구 소재의 한 활동지원기관 앞에서 선전전을 진행했다. 노동조합은 한 활동지원사의 민원을 통해 해당 활동지원기관이 일요일에 일해도 평일 임금을 지급한다는 사실을 파악했다. 활동지원사의 민원에 관심을 가진 한 언론사의 기자는 활동지원기관과 구청, 서울시, 노조에 문의하며 팩트체크를 진행하고 있는데, 이 과정에서 노조는 해당 기관이 일요일에 일을 해도 평일 임금을 지급하고 있다는 사실을 명확히 확인했다.

자신이 받는 임금에 대한 사실관계를 노동자들은 잘 알지 못한다. 활동지원사는 기관에 자신의 임금에 대해 문의해도 속 시원한 답을 듣지 못한다. 활동지원사들이 하나같이 하는 이야기가 기관에 물어봐도 제대로 설명을 해주지 않는다는 하소연이다.

당사자 활동지원사는 노조에 민원을 제기하고, 또 기자가 취재한 내용들을 통해서야 자신의 임금이 자신도 모르게 어떻게 변화했는지를 알아가고 있다. 사업장의 임급지급 행위에 대한 가치판단이나 평가 이전에 노동자들은 그 사실 자체를 모를 가능성이 높다. 노조는 이 사실을 활동지원사들에게 알리려 선전전을 진행하기로 했다.

선전전 진행 중 정말 충격적인 경험을 했다. 노동조합의 선전활동은 정당한 노조활동이고 일상적인 활동이다. 여태 여러 사업장에서 선전활동을 했지만, 이런 경우는 정말 처음이었다. 사업장들은 신경 거슬러 하고 적대적인 대우를 하곤 했지만, 가장 강한 대처가 경찰에 신고하여 공권력의 개입을 요청하고, 경찰은 충돌을 방지하는 선에서 대처한다. 그런데 오늘은 장애인 기관장이 선전활동을 하지 말라고 계속 항의하며 방해하더니 소속 활동지원팀 인력은 노동조합이 활동지원사에게 선전물을 전달하려 하니 몸으로 막기까지 한다.

무엇을 그렇게 숨기고 싶을까? 노동조합의 활동을 몸으로 막으면서까지 싫어할 이유가 무엇일까? 노동조합의 활동이 그들에게 무엇으로 다가갔을까? 여러 질문이 든다.

충격적인 것은 이 기관의 대표가 우리노조가 예전에 청와대 앞에서 기자회견 할 때 연대 발언을 하러 왔던 활동가라는 점이다. 장애인 당사자이자 인권운동 활동가가 사용자로, 그리고 사회복지사 노동자들이 전담인력으로 고용되어 사측을 대신해 활동지원사 노동자들이 응당 자신에 대해 알아야 할 사항을 은폐한다.

사장이 되어 권력을 행사하면서도 장애인이라는 정체성으로 자신의 지위를 지우려 하고, 전담인력이라는 지위로 노동자들을 지휘하면서도 같은 노동자라며 위계를 삭제한다. 그리고 정작 현장에서 장애인에게 활동지원을 제공하는 활동지원사들은 대부분 고령의 여성들로 정보약자에 해당한다. 우리에게도 민주주의가 올까. 나는 저들이 활동으로 세상을 좋게 만드는 것을 상쇄할 정도로 더 세상을 나쁘게 만들고 있다고 생각한다.

타인에 의해 돈벌이 수단으로 이용당하는 사람은 자신 또한 타인을 돈벌이 수단으로 활용할 가능성이 높다. 그 타인에는 장애인도 포함된다. 나는 시설사회가 끝나도 장애인학대가 끝나리라는 믿음이 없다. 우리는 어차피 서로를 돈벌이 수단으로만 삼는 사회에서 살고 있기 때문이다.

@ f9d11792:e340e19e

Introdução à Plataforma 556Bet

A 556Bet é uma plataforma de jogos online que se destaca por oferecer uma experiência completa e imersiva para os jogadores de todas as partes do Brasil e do mundo. Com uma interface moderna e recursos inovadores, o site promete entregar uma jornada de diversão e entretenimento com foco no que mais importa: a qualidade e a segurança dos jogos, além de uma experiência de usuário envolvente.

Ao acessar o 556Bet, os jogadores são recebidos por uma plataforma altamente intuitiva, que facilita a navegação e o acesso aos diversos jogos disponíveis. O design simples e funcional garante que até os iniciantes se sintam à vontade, sem complicações ou interfaces confusas. A plataforma é otimizada para dispositivos móveis, permitindo que os jogadores aproveitem sua experiência a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar, seja pelo celular ou tablet.

Além disso, a 556bet é conhecida por adotar um modelo de operação totalmente transparente e seguro. Todos os jogos são licenciados e regulamentados, garantindo um ambiente confiável para que os jogadores possam se divertir sem preocupações. A segurança dos dados também é uma prioridade, com tecnologias de criptografia avançadas que protegem todas as informações pessoais e financeiras dos usuários.

Diversidade de Jogos na 556Bet

A 556Bet se destaca por sua vasta gama de opções de jogos, atendendo a todos os gostos e preferências dos jogadores. A plataforma oferece uma coleção diversificada de jogos de habilidade, sorte e estratégia, tudo em um único lugar. Se você gosta de testar sua sorte ou habilidades, certamente encontrará algo que o atraia.

Uma das categorias mais populares na plataforma é a de jogos de mesa, como o tradicional jogo de cartas e outros tipos de disputas que envolvem tanto sorte quanto estratégia. Esses jogos são oferecidos com uma grande variedade de opções, cada uma com suas próprias características e estilos, permitindo que o jogador escolha o que mais se adequa ao seu estilo de jogo.

Além disso, a 556Bet também oferece uma rica seleção de jogos de habilidade, onde a estratégia e o conhecimento do jogador são cruciais para obter bons resultados. Esses jogos, que envolvem diferentes formas de desafios, são perfeitos para aqueles que buscam uma experiência mais interativa e desafiadora.

A plataforma também conta com diversas opções de slots, onde os jogadores podem se divertir com jogos de máquinas com diferentes temas e níveis de volatilidade. Com gráficos de alta qualidade e efeitos sonoros envolventes, os slots proporcionam uma experiência dinâmica e divertida.

Outro destaque da 556Bet é o suporte contínuo aos jogos ao vivo, que trazem uma experiência ainda mais realista para os jogadores. Com dealers profissionais e interações em tempo real, esses jogos oferecem uma imersão única, transportando os participantes para um ambiente vibrante e dinâmico.

Experiência do Jogador: Conforto e Interatividade

O foco da 556Bet não está apenas em oferecer uma ampla gama de jogos, mas também em garantir que a experiência do jogador seja incomparável. A plataforma é construída para ser rápida, fácil de usar e com um ambiente amigável que torna cada visita mais prazerosa.

Desde o momento em que o jogador se registra até sua primeira partida, cada passo no site foi cuidadosamente projetado para proporcionar a melhor experiência possível. O processo de cadastro é simples e direto, permitindo que novos usuários comecem a jogar rapidamente. Para aqueles que já têm experiência, a navegação pela plataforma é rápida e eficiente, garantindo que a jogabilidade nunca seja interrompida.

Outro ponto forte da 556Bet é a qualidade do suporte ao cliente. A plataforma oferece um atendimento dedicado e eficiente, disponível 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, através de múltiplos canais. Se o jogador tiver dúvidas sobre qualquer aspecto da plataforma ou de um jogo específico, poderá contar com a assistência de profissionais capacitados que estão prontos para resolver qualquer problema rapidamente.

Além disso, a 556Bet oferece promoções e bônus regulares, o que faz com que a experiência de jogar seja ainda mais gratificante. Esses incentivos são uma excelente maneira de manter os jogadores engajados, proporcionando vantagens extras para aqueles que frequentam regularmente a plataforma.

Conclusão

A 556Bet se posiciona como uma das plataformas mais inovadoras e seguras para quem busca entretenimento online no Brasil. Com uma vasta gama de jogos, uma interface amigável e uma experiência de usuário que prioriza a satisfação do jogador, é fácil entender por que tantos brasileiros estão se divertindo na plataforma. Se você está em busca de diversão, desafios e recompensas, a 556Bet oferece tudo o que você precisa para uma experiência completa e única no mundo dos jogos online.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ไฟโตสเตอรอล (Phytosterols) เป็นสารประกอบที่พบในพืชและมีโครงสร้างคล้ายคลึงกับคลอเลสเตอรอล (Cholesterol) ของมนุษย์ แต่ไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่ได้ทำหน้าที่เหมือนคลอเลสเตอรอลในร่างกายครับ ไฟโตสเตอรอลมีบทบาทสำคัญในการลดการดูดซึมคลอเลสเตอรอลจากอาหารในระบบทางเดินอาหาร ทำให้ไฟโตสเตอรอลได้รับการส่งเสริมว่าเป็นสารที่ช่วยลดระดับคลอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดไปโดยปริยาย

อย่างไรก็ตาม สิ่งที่หลายคนไม่ได้ตั้งข้อสงสัยคือวิธีการโฆษณาและการตลาดนั้นจะแฝงไปด้วยข้อมูลที่บิดเบือนเกี่ยวกับไฟโตสเตอรอลซึ่งอาจนำไปสู่การเสพสารนี้ในปริมาณมากเกินไปจนทำให้เกิดปัญหาสุขภาพหรือเปล่า? เราลองมาค่อยๆตั้งคำถามกันครับ

ไฟโตสเตอรอลในธรรมชาติจะพบในปริมาณที่ค่อนข้างน้อยในพืชต่าง ๆ เช่น ธัญพืช ถั่ว เมล็ดพืช อย่างไรก็ตาม ปริมาณไฟโตสเตอรอลในธรรมชาติเป็นเม็ดเป็นผลจะอยู่ในระดับต่ำมาก เช่น ในเมล็ดแฟลกซีด (flaxseed) จะมีไฟโตสเตอรอลอยู่ประมาณ 1,000–2,000 ppm (parts per million) ขณะที่น้ำมันรำข้าวที่มักถูกโฆษณาว่ามีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูงถึงหลักหมื่น ๆ ppm เช่น 12,000 ppm หรือบางยี่ห้ออาจสูงกว่านั้น ซึ่งไม่ใช่แค่สูงจนน่าสรรเสริญ แต่ยังเป็นการขยายความสำคัญของไฟโตสเตอรอลในทางที่ตอบสนองต่อการตลาดได้ในวงกว้างเสียด้วย

กระบวนการผลิตน้ำมันรำข้าวนั้นเริ่มต้นจากการสกัดน้ำมันจากรำข้าว โดยมีการใช้เทคนิคการกลั่นน้ำมันที่สามารถช่วยให้ได้น้ำมันที่มีคุณภาพสูง น้ำมันรำข้าวเป็นน้ำมันที่มีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูงเพราะรำข้าว (bran) ซึ่งเป็นเปลือกที่หุ้มเมล็ดข้าวนั้น มีไฟโตสเตอรอลอยู่ในปริมาณสูงตามธรรมชาติอยุ่แล้ว ในกระบวนการสกัดน้ำมันนั้น ตัวไฟโตสเตอรอลจะถูกรักษาไว้ โดยไม่ต้องเติมเข้าไปใหม่ ดังนั้น เมื่อโฆษณาน้ำมันรำข้าวว่า "มีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูงถึง 12,000 ppm" สิ่งนี้ไม่ได้หมายความว่าเป็นการเติมสารเพิ่มเข้ามาหรอกครับ แต่เป็นการยืนยันถึงความ "เข้มข้น" ของไฟโตสเตอรอลที่มีอยู่ในน้ำมันรำข้าวตามธรรมชาตินั่นละครับว่ามันกลั่นมาเข้มข้นขนาดไหน มากกว่าการกินจากธรรมชาติขนาดไหนเพื่อให้เรากินกันนั่นเอง

ถึงแม้ว่าไฟโตสเตอรอลจะถูกส่งเสริมให้เป็นสารที่ช่วยลดระดับคลอเลสเตอรอลในเลือด แต่การโฆษณาและการตลาดเกี่ยวกับไฟโตสเตอรอลนั้นอาจทำให้คนเข้าใจผิดว่า ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่มีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูง จะช่วยทำให้สุขภาพดีขึ้นและลดความเสี่ยงจากโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด เพราะซึ่งสิ่งนี้ยังไม่ได้รับการสนับสนุนอย่างชัดเจนจากงานวิจัยที่สามารถยืนยันได้ในระยะยาว นอกจากนี้ยังมีผลการศึกษาบางชิ้นเช่นกันที่พบว่า การบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลในปริมาณสูงอาจ "ไม่ได้มีผล" ในการลดระดับคลอเลสเตอรอลที่น่ามหัศจรรย์หรือช่วยลดการเสี่ยงต่อโรคหัวใจได้ตามที่โฆษณาเอามาขยายความกัน ซึ่งแน่นอนหละครับว่า ถ้าจะทำสงครามวิจัย มันย่อมไม่จบสิ้นเพราะทุกฝ่ายมีการวิจัยสนับสนุนในแบบ peer review ทั้งนั้น ไม่ต้องไปเป็น member อะไรที่ไหน (ถ้าเราไม่คิดจะอ่านมันเอง)

ไฟโตสเตอรอลมีหลายประเภทที่พบในพืชและน้ำมันพืชแต่ละชนิด โดยแต่ละชนิดจะมีคุณสมบัติและผลกระทบต่อร่างกายที่แตกต่างกัน ซึ่งสามารถแบ่งออกเป็นหลายประเภทหลักที่พบได้บ่อยในธรรมชาติ แต่ละประเภทก็มีข้อดีและข้อเสียที่ควรพิจารณาก่อนการบริโภคตามประเภทมันไปครับ

-บีตาสติโรล (Beta-Sitosterol) เป็นไฟโตสเตอรอลที่พบมากในพืชหลายชนิด โดยเฉพาะในเมล็ดพืช ถั่ว และน้ำมันพืช บีตาสติโรลได้รับความนิยมในวงการสุขภาพเนื่องจากการศึกษาบางชิ้นพบว่ามันสามารถช่วยลดระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดได้ โดยการลดการดูดซึมคอเลสเตอรอลจากอาหารในระบบย่อยอาหาร แต่การบริโภคบีตาสติโรลในปริมาณสูงอาจส่งผลต่อการดูดซึมวิตามินที่ละลายในไขมัน เช่น วิตามิน A, D, E และ K ซึ่งอาจทำให้เกิดการขาดวิตามินเหล่านี้ในระยะยาวได้ นอกจากนี้ การบริโภคบีตาสติโรลในปริมาณที่มากเกินไปอาจส่งผลให้เกิดปัญหาด้านระบบฮอร์โมน โดยเฉพาะในผู้ที่มีปัญหาฮอร์โมนเพศหรือระบบสืบพันธุ์

-แคมป์สเตอรอล (Campesterol) เป็นอีกหนึ่งไฟโตสเตอรอลที่พบในพืชหลายชนิด โดยเฉพาะในน้ำมันพืชและผักผลไม้ แคมป์สเตอรอลมีโครงสร้างที่คล้ายกับคอเลสเตอรอลในร่างกาย และมันได้รับการศึกษาว่ามีคุณสมบัติช่วยลดระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดได้เช่นกัน อย่างไรก็ตาม การบริโภคแคมป์สเตอรอลมากเกินไปอาจทำให้เกิดผลกระทบต่อการดูดซึมสารอาหารบางประเภท เช่น วิตามินที่ละลายในไขมัน โดยเฉพาะในผู้ที่มีปัญหาทางเดินอาหาร หรือผู้ที่มีปัญหาการดูดซึมสารอาหาร อาจทำให้เกิดภาวะขาดสารอาหารหรือการดูดซึมสารอาหารไม่เต็มที่ได้ นอกจากนี้ การบริโภคแคมป์สเตอรอลในปริมาณสูงอาจส่งผลกระทบต่อการทำงานของฮอร์โมนเพศ เช่น การเปลี่ยนแปลงของฮอร์โมนในร่างกาย ซึ่งอาจเกิดผลเสียต่อสุขภาพในระยะยาว

-สแตกิโอรอล (Stigmasterol) เป็นไฟโตสเตอรอลชนิดหนึ่งที่พบมากในพืชบางชนิด เช่น ถั่วเหลือง และน้ำมันถั่วเหลือง สแตกิโอรอลได้รับการศึกษาในแง่ของการลดการอักเสบและการช่วยบำรุงสุขภาพหัวใจและหลอดเลือด แต่การบริโภคสแตกิโอรอลในปริมาณสูงอาจมีผลเสียต่อการทำงานของฮอร์โมนเพศได้เช่นกัน โดยเฉพาะในผู้ที่มีปัญหาฮอร์โมนไม่สมดุลหรือมีปัญหาเกี่ยวกับระบบสืบพันธุ์ การบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลชนิดนี้มากเกินไปอาจทำให้เกิดผลกระทบต่อการทำงานของระบบฮอร์โมนในร่างกาย ซึ่งอาจส่งผลให้เกิดอาการผิดปกติในระยะยาว รวมทั้งความเสี่ยงต่อการมีบุตรหรือสุขภาพที่ไม่ดีเกี่ยวกับระบบฮอร์โมน

ไฟโตสเตอรอลประเภทอื่น ๆ ที่พบในพืชและน้ำมันพืช ได้แก่ อะฟิตเตอร์ออล (Afitosterol) และซิตรัสเตอรอล (Citrusterol) ซึ่งมักพบในน้ำมันจากพืชต่าง ๆ เช่น น้ำมันเมล็ดองุ่น น้ำมันดอกทานตะวัน การบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลเหล่านี้ในปริมาณที่สูงเกินไปอาจทำให้เกิดปัญหาด้านระบบย่อยอาหาร หรือปัญหาการดูดซึมสารอาหารที่จำเป็นจากอาหารได้ นอกจากนี้ การบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลประเภทอื่น ๆ ในปริมาณสูงยังอาจส่งผลกระทบต่อระบบฮอร์โมนและการทำงานของร่างกายในระยะยาว เช่น การทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน หรือการทำงานของตับ ที่อาจได้รับผลกระทบจากการบริโภคในปริมาณสูง ดังนั้น ควรระมัดระวังในการบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลจากแหล่งต่าง ๆ อย่างรอบคอบ เพื่อหลีกเลี่ยงผลเสียที่อาจเกิดขึ้นกับร่างกายในระยะยาว

สิ่งที่จริงแล้วอาจเป็นอันตรายมากกว่า คือ การที่ผู้บริโภคตัดสินใจบริโภคผลิตภัณฑ์ที่มีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูงในปริมาณมากเกินไป โดยไม่คำนึงถึงผลกระทบต่อร่างกายในระยะยาว อาจมีผลกระทบต่อการดูดซึมสารอาหารที่จำเป็น เช่น วิตามิน A, D, E, K ซึ่งเป็นวิตามินที่ละลายในไขมัน การดูดซึมของวิตามินเหล่านี้อาจถูกยับยั้งไป เนื่องจากไฟโตสเตอรอลสามารถแข่งขันกับคลอเลสเตอรอลในร่างกายในการดูดซึมสารอาหารเหล่านี้ นอกจากนี้ยังมีข้อกังวลเกี่ยวกับผลกระทบที่อาจเกิดขึ้นจากการบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลในปริมาณสูงที่อาจไปเพิ่มความเสี่ยงของการเกิดโรคบางอย่าง เช่น โรคมะเร็งต่อมลูกหมาก

ผลเสียจากการบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลมากเกินไปไม่ได้จำกัดเพียงแค่การแย่งสารอาหาร แต่ยังมีการศึกษาที่แสดงให้เห็นว่า การบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลในปริมาณสูงอาจกระทบต่อการทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกันของร่างกาย ในบางกรณีไฟโตสเตอรอลอาจเข้าไปแทรกแซงกระบวนการทางชีวเคมีที่สำคัญ และอาจทำให้ร่างกายเกิดความผิดปกติในการตอบสนองต่อสารแปลกปลอมที่มีอยู่ในสิ่งแวดล้อม

ข้อโต้แย้งที่สำคัญคือลักษณะการโฆษณาของน้ำมันรำข้าวและผลิตภัณฑ์ที่มีไฟโตสเตอรอลสูงนั้น ไม่ได้สะท้อนความจริงในสิ่งที่เป็นประโยชน์ต่อสุขภาพจริง ๆ การใช้ไฟโตสเตอรอลในผลิตภัณฑ์ต่าง ๆ โดยเน้นที่ปริมาณที่สูงเกินจริงนั้น เป็นวิธีการตลาดที่ใช้บอกเป็นนัยกับผู้บริโภคให้เข้าใจว่าการบริโภคสารเหล่านี้จะช่วยลดระดับคลอเลสเตอรอลและช่วยให้สุขภาพหัวใจดีขึ้น ทั้งที่ในความเป็นจริง ไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่ได้ช่วยแก้ปัญหาสุขภาพพื้นฐานอย่างการอักเสบที่เป็นสาเหตุหลักของโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด แต่ทั้งนี้ทั้งนั้น การโฆษณาดังกล่าวก็อยู่ภายใต้กฎเกณฑ์ของประกาศและกฎหมายต่างๆอยู่ดี ผู้บริโภคจึงควรหาความรู้สนับสนุนการเลือกด้วยตัวเอง ว่าจะตัดสินใจอย่างไร

การที่ไฟโตสเตอรอลมีโครงสร้างที่คล้ายกับคอเลสเตอรอลในร่างกาย ทำให้มันสามารถแทรกซึมเข้าไปในเซลล์ได้คล้ายคลึงกับคอเลสเตอรอล แต่แตกต่างกันตรงที่ไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่สามารถทำหน้าที่ในการสร้างฮอร์โมนต่าง ๆ หรือทำหน้าที่ในระบบร่างกายได้เหมือนคอเลสเตอรอล การที่ไฟโตสเตอรอลแทรกซึมเข้าไปในเซลล์จึงเป็นแค่การสามารถช่วยป้องกันการดูดซึมคอเลสเตอรอลจากอาหารในระบบย่อยอาหารได้ ซึ่งจะทำให้นี่เป็นสาเหตุของการทำให้ ระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดลดลงได้ พูดง่ายๆคือมันไปแซงคลอเลสเตอรอล อะครับ

นอกจากนี้ ไฟโตสเตอรอลยังสามารถไปแข่งขันกับคอเลสเตอรอลในการเข้าเซลล์ผ่านตัวรับ LDL (low-density lipoprotein receptor) ซึ่งเป็นตัวรับที่ช่วยดูดซึมคอเลสเตอรอลเข้าสู่เซลล์ ดังนั้น เมื่อไฟโตสเตอรอลแทรกซึมเข้ามามากขึ้น ก็จะช่วยลดการดูดซึมคอเลสเตอรอล ที่มาจากอาหารลงไปได้ ทำให้ระดับคอเลสเตอรอลในเลือดลดลง โดยการลดการดูดซึมคอเลสเตอรอลจากทางเดินอาหารเข้าสู่กระแสเลือด แต่ไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่ได้มีผลโดยตรงในการลดคอเลสเตอรอลที่เซลล์ในร่างกายสร้างขึ้นเอง (endogenous cholesterol) เพราะไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่ได้เข้าไปแทรกซึมและทำงานที่จุดที่เซลล์ผลิตคอเลสเตอรอลในร่างกาย

ร่างกายสามารถผลิตคอเลสเตอรอลได้เอง ซึ่งเป็นกระบวนการที่ไฟโตสเตอรอลไม่สามารถไปขัดขวางหรือยับยั้งได้ นั่นหมายความว่า หากร่างกายผลิตคอเลสเตอรอลในระดับสูง ไฟโตสเตอรอลจะไม่สามารถลดระดับคอเลสเตอรอลที่มาจากการสร้างของร่างกายได้ ดังนั้น ไฟโตสเตอรอลมีประโยชน์ในการลดคอเลสเตอรอลจากอาหาร แต่ไม่ได้ช่วยในการลดคอเลสเตอรอลที่ร่างกายผลิตขึ้นเอง

การโฆษณาไม่ได้ให้ข้อมูลในด้านที่ว่า ผลกระทบระยะยาวจากการบริโภคไฟโตสเตอรอลในปริมาณสูงอาจทำให้เกิดปัญหาสุขภาพอื่น ๆ โดยเฉพาะในด้านการดูดซึมสารอาหารหรือความสามารถในการทำงานของระบบภูมิคุ้มกัน ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่ควรคำนึงถึงในการตัดสินใจเลือกผลิตภัณฑ์ที่จะนำมาใช้ในชีวิตประจำวัน ในความเห็นของผมนั้น สิ่งที่ควรให้ความสำคัญมากกว่าคือการเลือกบริโภคอาหารที่เป็นธรรมชาติ และหลีกเลี่ยงการพึ่งพาผลิตภัณฑ์ที่มีการผ่านกระบวนการต่าง ๆ เช่น ไฟโตสเตอรอลเข้มข้น หรือสารเติมแต่งอื่น ๆ ที่ไม่จำเป็นต่อร่างกาย การเลือกรับประทานอาหารที่มีคุณค่าทางโภชนาการครบถ้วนจะช่วยส่งเสริมสุขภาพโดยรวมได้ดีกว่าแทนที่จะพึ่งพาสิ่งที่โฆษณาบอกไว้ข้างขวด

ไฟโตสเตอรอลอาจมีคุณสมบัติในการลดการดูดซึมคลอเลสเตอรอลจากอาหารในทางทฤษฎี แต่การบริโภคในปริมาณมากเกินไปนั้นอาจส่งผลเสียต่อร่างกายในหลาย ๆ ด้าน ดังนั้นจึงควรหันมาใส่ใจในข้อมูลที่มีพื้นฐาน และตั้งคำถามกับสิ่งต่างๆ โดยเฉพาะอะไรที่การตลาดตะโกนดังๆว่า ไอ้นี่ดี อันโน้นเยี่ยมยอด อันนี้ที่สุดแห่งความซุปเปอร์ ต่อมเอ๊ะทำงานไว้ก่อน ผิดถูกไม่รู้หาข้อมูลมาโยงเส้นทางแล้วชวนคุยกัน

เช่นเราตั้งคำถามตั้งต้นก่อนไหมว่า จริงๆแล้ว คลอลเสเตอรอล มันต้องกลัวขนาดนั้นเลยหรือ ในเมื่อมันเป็นสารตั้งต้นของชีวิต และเป็นสิ่งจำเป็นในการซ่อมแซมเสริมสร้างร่ายกาย เราต้องลดการดูดซึมด้วยเหรอ

@ f6488c62:c929299d

DePIN คืออะไร? เดี๋ยวผมจะมาเล่าเรื่องนี้ให้ฟัง หลังจากที่ไปอ่านมาหลายๆ ที่ เขาบอกว่าอย่างนี้นะครับ (ผิดถูกประการใด หลายๆ ท่านช่วยต่อเติมให้ผมด้วยนะครับ)

DePIN ย่อมาจาก Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks หรือ เครือข่ายโครงสร้างพื้นฐานทางกายภาพแบบกระจายศูนย์ 👉 ง่ายๆ คือ แทนที่รัฐบาลหรือบริษัทใหญ่เป็นเจ้าของโครงสร้างพื้นฐาน (เช่น อินเทอร์เน็ต พลังงาน) DePIN ชวนให้ คนธรรมดา มาร่วมสร้างเครือข่ายด้วยกัน โดยใช้เทคโนโลยีบล็อกเชนและเหรียญคริปโตเป็นเครื่องมือจูงใจ

ตัวอย่าง:

คุณลุงสมนึก อยากได้อินเทอร์เน็ตเร็วๆ แต่บริษัทเอกชนไม่มาลงพื้นที่ห่างไกล เขาจึงซื้ออุปกรณ์ Helium Hotspot ติดตั้งที่บ้าน แชร์สัญญาณให้เพื่อนบ้านใช้ และได้เหรียญคริปโตเป็นรางวัล

DePIN ทำงานยังไง? ใช้ บล็อกเชน + โทเค็น เชื่อมโยงคนทั่วโลกให้ร่วมสร้างโครงสร้างพื้นฐานแบบ "แบ่งกันทำ-แบ่งกันได้"

ยกตัวอย่าง:

อินเทอร์เน็ต: แทนที่ True หรือ AIS จะเป็นเจ้าสัญญาณ Helium Network ให้คุณติดตั้งฮอตสปอตที่บ้าน แชร์สัญญาณและรับเหรียญ $HNT

พื้นที่เก็บข้อมูล: Filecoin ชวนคุณเอาพื้นที่ฮาร์ดดิสก์ที่เหลือในคอมฯ มาให้คนอื่นเช่า รับเหรียญ $FIL

พลังประมวลผล: Render Network ใช้การ์ดจอ (GPU) ในคอมฯ ของคุณช่วยเรนเดอร์หนัง 3D แล้วได้เหรียญ $RNDR

DePIN มันจะเปลี่ยนโลกยังไง?

✅ ลดการผูกขาด ตัวอย่าง:

พลังงาน: แทนที่จะซื้อไฟจากปตท. หรือการไฟฟ้า คุณซื้อโซลาร์เซลล์มาติดบ้าน แบ่งขายไฟส่วนเกินให้เพื่อนบ้านผ่านแพลตฟอร์ม DePIN

รถยนต์: แทน Uber ที่บริษัทได้ค่าคอม 10-30% DePIN อาจเป็นแพลตฟอร์มที่คนขับรับเงินเต็มจำนวน

✅ ช่วยให้คนธรรมดาสร้างรายได้ นี่แหละ ประเด็นหลัก เช่น คุณนิดา เอาคอมเก่าในห้องเก็บของมาเชื่อมต่อกับ Render Network ช่วยเรนเดอร์งานกราฟิก ได้เงินเดือนละ 500 บาทแบบไม่ต้องทำอะไร

เอกชัย ติดตั้งฮอตสปอต Helium หน้าบ้าน รับเหรียญไปขายเป็นเงินเสริม

✅ โครงสร้างพื้นฐานราคาถูกและทั่วถึง หมู่บ้านในชนบท อาจมีอินเทอร์เน็ตเร็ว เพราะคนในชุมชนช่วยกันตั้งฮอตสปอต แทนรอบริษัทใหญ่มาลงทุน

คนทั่วไปใช้ DePIN ยังไง? 🔹 เริ่มต้นง่ายๆ ด้วย 3 วิธี: ติดตั้งอุปกรณ์

ซื้อฮอตสปอตราคา 5,000 บาท (เช่น Helium) ตั้งไว้ที่บ้าน เปิดทิ้งไว้ รับเหรียญอัตโนมัติ

แบ่งปันทรัพยากร

ให้พื้นที่เก็บข้อมูลในคอมฯ (Filecoin) หรือแชร์การ์ดจอ (Render Network)

ใช้บริการ DePIN

เช่ารถในแอปที่ขับเคลื่อนด้วย DePIN ราคาถูกกว่า Uber

โปรเจกต์ DePIN น่าสนใจไหม

สิ่งที่จะต้องพิจารณา

กฎหมายไม่ชัดเจน: บางประเทศอาจมองว่าเหรียญคริปโตเป็นเรื่องผิดกฎหมาย ต้องใช้ความรู้เทคนิค: การตั้งค่าอุปกรณ์อาจซับซ้อนสำหรับคนไม่คุ้นเทคโนโลยี

เสี่ยงต่อการล้มเหลว: โปรเจกต์บางอันอาจปิดตัวก่อนคุณคืนทุน

สรุป: ทำไม DePIN ถึงน่าจับตา? DePIN คือ โอกาสให้คนเล็กๆ ได้มีส่วนร่วมในระบบเศรษฐกิจใหม่ ที่ไม่มีคนกลางกดราคา หรือผูกขาดการตัดสินใจ ถ้ามันสำเร็จ...

คุณอาจเป็นเจ้าของเครือข่ายอินเทอร์เน็ตเล็กๆ

หมู่บ้านอาจผลิตไฟฟ้าใช้เองได้

ศิลปินอาจเรนเดอร์งาน 3D ถูกกว่าค่าแรงปัจจุบัน 10 เท่า

🚀 อนาคตอาจไม่ต้องรอให้บริษัทใหญ่มาช่วย... แค่เริ่มจากอุปกรณ์ที่บ้านคุณ!

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Zadar is a coastal city in northern Dalmatia, known for its rich Roman and Venetian history, stunning sunsets, and unique modern attractions like the Sea Organ and Sun Salutation. With ancient ruins, beautiful beaches, and a lively Old Town, Zadar offers a less crowded but equally charming alternative** to Split and Dubrovnik.

🏛️ Top Things to See & Do in Zadar

1️⃣ Explore Zadar Old Town 🏰

• Walk through narrow, stone-paved streets, surrounded by Roman and medieval architecture.
• Visit People’s Square (Narodni Trg) – The heart of Zadar’s Old Town, filled with lively cafés.

2️⃣ Visit the Sea Organ & Sun Salutation 🎶🌞

• Sea Organ – A one-of-a-kind musical instrument, where waves create natural melodies.
• Sun Salutation – A large solar-powered light display, best seen at sunset.
• Alfred Hitchcock once called Zadar’s sunset “the most beautiful in the world.” 🌅

3️⃣ Admire St. Donatus Church & Roman Forum ⛪

• St. Donatus (9th century) – A unique, round Byzantine-style church with great acoustics.
• Roman Forum – The remains of an ancient Roman marketplace, built in the 1st century BC.

4️⃣ Climb the Bell Tower of St. Anastasia’s Cathedral 🔔

• Enjoy spectacular views over Zadar’s rooftops and the Adriatic.
• One of the tallest church towers in Croatia.

5️⃣ Relax at Zadar’s Best Beaches 🏖️

• Kolovare Beach – The most popular city beach, just a short walk from the Old Town.
• Borik Beach – A sandy beach with shallow waters, ideal for families.
• Punta Bajlo – A more natural and peaceful spot, great for a quiet swim.

6️⃣ Take a Day Trip to Kornati National Park ⛵

• A beautiful archipelago of 89 islands, perfect for boating, swimming, and snorkeling.
• Join a boat tour from Zadar to explore the untouched nature of the Adriatic.

7️⃣ Try Dalmatian Cuisine 🍽️

• Black Risotto (Crni Rižot) – A delicious squid-ink seafood dish. 🦑
• Pag Cheese (Paški Sir) – A famous sheep’s milk cheese from Pag Island. 🧀
• Grilled Adriatic Fish – Freshly caught and served with olive oil & Dalmatian herbs. 🐟

🚗 How to Get to Zadar

✈️ By Air:
- Zadar Airport (ZAD) is just 15 minutes from the city center.
🚘 By Car:
- From Split: ~1.5 hours (160 km)
- From Zagreb: ~2.5 hours (285 km)
🚌 By Bus: Regular buses from Split, Zagreb, Dubrovnik, and Plitvice Lakes.
⛴️ By Ferry: Ferries connect Zadar to nearby islands like Ugljan, Dugi Otok, and Pašman.

💡 Tips for Visiting Zadar

✅ Best time to visit? May–October for warm weather & island trips ☀️
✅ Stay near the Old Town – Everything is within walking distance 🏡
✅ Catch the sunset at the Sea Organ – It’s a must-do experience 🌊🎶
✅ Take a ferry to Ugljan Island for a day of beaches & cycling 🚢🚴‍♂️
✅ Book Kornati boat tours in advance – They sell out fast in summer! ⛵

@ 5708b1f6:208df3b8

The role and significance of music naturally varies from person to person. For some, it is counted among the most important things in life. For others, it may be a superfluous additive of limited value. Due to this difference in perception relating to music, it may be difficult for some individuals to recognize the benefits of compiling a personalized music playlist.

However, the value of music as a therapeutic tool for people already suffering from advanced dementia has been repeatedly demonstrated, and sometimes with astounding, although temporary, results. The internet is full of studies and stories, and YouTube searches yield an abundance of video evidence ranging from clinical studies to anecdotal family recordings of elderly relatives.

All of these data and anecdotes point to a compelling suggestion and an exciting conclusion: music appreciation has tremendous potential as a supplemental activity for mental health maintenance. With insights gained from the study of neuroplasticity, the neurological benefits for musicians and performers are easy to see, but less clear is the fact that mere exposure to music as a casual listener can be of profound psychological importance, even for individuals who don’t consider themselves to be music lovers.

The transformative effect of music is on full display in many of the available videos on YouTube. We can simply search “dementia music,” or ‘Alzheimer’s music” for fast, relevant results. In video after video, we can see elderly subjects who may be slow to speak, detached, disoriented, barely-intelligible, or unresponsive. In care facilities and at gatherings with families, they are interviewed about their youth, and about their feelings related to music.

Many of the videos first show footage of the individual’s normal daily cognitive state, and them listening and responding to the questions, followed by a period of music listening, and then another brief, post-music discussion. The transformation of mental states tends to be very clear when we compare the quality of their cognitive performance before and after the introduction of music. People remark that “a light has been turned back on,” or “his personality returned,” or “it’s as if the person has woken up from sleep.”

Unfortunately, these positive responses are only temporary, and music does not have the power to permanently reverse the symptoms and pathology of advanced dementia and age-related cognitive decline. Also there is no guarantee it will work for every person, or to what degree. Nevertheless, it does not mean that music as therapy is completely without value. In fact, it can be quite the opposite.

When the response is positive, the event can have multiple benefits, and may even be a therapeutic experience for certain listeners. Faces once despondent or vacant become animated and radiant. Long lost smiles return from faraway times and places. Memories and associations from previous ages shake loose and rise to the surface. Many listeners were asked to recount their experiences related to the songs and the time in life with which they were primarily associated. Some of them were able to describe events, places, people, emotions, and reactions with a degree of clarity, dexterity, and articulation that was completely inconsistent with their medical diagnosis and their cognitive performance prior to hearing the music. The song quite literally revives the personality that makes the person, temporarily and superficially reversing the undoing of the mind. For a mind that is coming undone, music as therapy has potential to mitigate suffering and confusion, provide moments of joy and enthusiasm, and ease the transition into and experience of the end-of-life period that awaits all who are fortunate enough to “die of natural causes” in old age.

The benefits described above are specific to “treatment” recipients, but the merit of music as therapy cascades into the lives of everyone involved. Doctors and caretakers are uplifted and encouraged by success stories, which contributes to further proliferation and advancement of music as therapy. More critically, it can have a profound impact on families of dementia patients. In some cases, relatives get a chance to communicate with their loved ones again. Grandchildren have a window of opportunity to learn more, directly from their grandparents, about the youthful experiences and memories of past generations. It’s clear that generational bonds are also strengthened, which can positively impact the future prospects of the young generation as they in turn grow old, and lay new groundwork for generations that follow.

It is unfortunate that some elderly individuals seem to derive less cognitive benefit than others from music therapy. It is not entirely certain why this is so, because there are many factors to consider, but two of the clearest factors are a person’s degree of cognitive decline, and their degree of interest in and enthusiasm for music in general. While these are the most popular metrics by which to judge the potential effectiveness and suitability of music as therapy for a given individual, by far the most important consideration is relevance to each particular person’s life experiences.

This is the opportunity to finally state the obvious: It’s not possible to simply pick any song at random and expect it to have a beneficial effect on the cognitive function of every person who hears it. It’s not as if there’s a Britney Spears song that sparks joy in the heart of every soul on Earth. And the legend of Bill and Ted’s ultimate song that united the world could never be a true story (also because, as we finally learned in 2020, it was not two men and a song that united the world, but rather, the world uniting together to create that song.) However, everyone in the world can make their own playlist custom-tailored to their individual life, experiences, and memories, and some of those playlists might have a song or two by Britney Spears, or even some from one of the “Bill and Ted” soundtracks.

Throughout my decades of music appreciation, an ever-growing level of respect for the enduring spirit of music has overwhelmed me, and it’s clear that no song will ever be loved by all. But every song will be loved by some, certainly at least by someone, or it would cease to exist. This is why a personalized playlist is infinitely more valuable than randomly selected songs, and we can see the truth of this claim upon close examination of recorded interviews with the elderly subjects. The songs that triggered the greatest reactions were songs that interviewees felt strong connections to, based primarily on the song’s associations to the time and place, as well as the emotional context imprinted on the memory of the events surrounding the songs.

This simply means that songs for which we have emotional attachments and vivid memories are songs that invigorate our neural circuits, activating cognitive pathways and opening doors of memory similar to how olfactory sensations can trigger a memory or a sense of déjà vu. There are some exceptions, but a lot of these songs are from a person’s formative years, particularly early developmental years and their teenage period. This comes as no surprise to the discerning neuroplastician, because these are periods of life when neural plasticity is most fluid, neural development and refinement functions are most active and receptive, and the degree of exciting novelty in life tends to be highest when we are young and inexperienced.

Novelty and emotion are critical components of memory formation and whether a given experience will be memorable or not. Something completely new (novelty) can be memorable if it commands your attention, or derails you from your usual pattern of behavior. Similarly, the content of a tedious lecture may be harder to recall without taking notes, while that of an exciting, fun, and funny, interactive lesson has a greater chance of being memorable, and recalled with more clarity and detail (emotion).

When it comes to music, the connection to novelty and emotion is crystal clear. The first time you ever heard that song, it was new and your emotional response was strong. You might even remember the events of that first time you heard it, but not necessarily. Your emotional attachment to the song may have developed later on, when you heard it playing at a party, on one of the most memorable nights of your teenage life, for example. Perhaps it’s just a song (or songs) your parents played a lot when you were young, and it could be a song you yourself heard many times, and looking back realized it holds a special place in your heart, for whatever reason. There are also songs that are special to romantic couples (This song was playing when we…; This is our song; We were together the first time we heard this song; etc.) and these songs, for obvious reasons, can be added to a personalized music playlist at any time in life, as new and old songs take on added personal significance in various ways. There are a multitude of ways that novelty and emotion can combine to form experiences worth remembering, by which memories are made, and if these experiences are imprinted with a musical stamp, the song stamped onto the memory is likely to remain just as memorable as the event itself, and conversely, listening to the song has the potential to vivify the memories and feelings of nostalgia related to the song.

Therefore, as a preventative measure we can implement now, and an insurance policy we may benefit from later, it is advisable that each person should endeavor to compile their own personal, individualized cognitive reserve playlist. When speaking to someone about this idea, they responded, “But what’s the hurry? After all, you’re still quite young.” Just then, it spontaneously occurred to me that a traumatic head injury could befall me the following day or any day hence, and the simple point that “it’s never too early” was well taken.

To create your own cognitive reserve playlist, it is helpful to have a few guiding parameters. Most important of all is to keep an open mind without setting anything in stone. It’s not necessary to finalize the list immediately, if ever. This is a project that deserves your thoughtful consideration, so you deserve to be allowed to take your time. It’s better to get the list populated with your definite favorites, and as many others that come to mind, just to kick-start the process. Besides, due to the virtually infinite number of songs and compositions in existence, we will never be able to make the perfect list in one day, one month, or even one year. We can always revisit the list and make changes later, because our minds cannot retrieve all the data at once. We must go about our business of carrying on, and wait for it to come to us. (It’s guaranteed to be worth the wait, so never fret about it.) You may even find yourself removing one of those “definite favorites” from the list, which is welcome and fine, because it’s not merely a list of your favorite songs. Being a “favorite” is just one of multiple indicators that a song might be appropriate for a cognitive reserve playlist. “Memorable” is another key word.

There are still other factors that determine a song’s suitability for a personal playlist, such as a song that isn’t a personal favorite, but which nevertheless evokes a strong emotional response in some other way. This is best described as nostalgia, and nostalgic emotions are powerful anchors for memories. So any song that arouses some sense of nostalgia also has the power to arouse the memory of events, places, times, and other details tied to that nostalgia. To know what songs are nostalgic for you and add them to your list today, may help you if a time should come that you need music as therapy in order to trigger your memory and cognitive function.

It is because of nostalgia that many songs from our youth are good candidates for inclusion on the playlist. Songs that were popular on the radio or TV when we were children, theme songs from popular television programs that are unforgettable for us, and songs that acted as the soundtrack to our lives, so to speak, while growing into childhood, and then blossoming again from adolescence into adulthood. This period is rich with music of great significance to our personal center.

It is my sincere hope that all people earnestly endeavor to compile their own personalized cognitive reserve playlists, and encourage their loved ones to do the same. Maybe it can help those who suffer to better cope with the condition. Perhaps starting this project now, and focusing on mental health now can be a significant contributing factor to developing robust cognitive reserve in the first place, thereby heading off the worst of what this condition can throw at us, and delaying it until later. And of course, not only should we create the lists, but it’s highly recommended that we also play the songs frequently, and dance to them as well, preferably. It is in the interest of your future health, ability, mobility, enjoyment, and ease of living that I offer this potentially beneficial suggestion, and I am grateful that you have taken the time to hear me out regarding my passion about the restorative and healing properties of music, as they relate to the broader topic of neuroplasticity. So on that note, shall we press play and dance?

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

In this edition, we invited Keypleb, the founder of Bitcoin Indonesia, to share how he built the Bitcoin community in Indonesia, overcoming challenges like member turnover and venue selection, while driving the adoption and growth of Bitcoin.

YakiHonne: Welcome, Keypleb. Before we begin, let me briefly introduce YakiHonne. YakiHonne is a decentralized media client built on Nostr—a protocol designed to empower freedom of speech through technology. It enables creators to own their voices and assets while offering innovative tools like smart widgets, verified notes, and support for long-form content. We focus on free speech and free media by user privacy and data to be protected. So before starting the interview, I'd like to hear about yourself and your community.

Keypleb：My name is Keypleb, though it’s a pseudonym—a name I use to respect privacy. I'm a co-founder of Bitcoin Indonesia, Bitcoin House Bali, and Code Orange, a new developer school we launched at a conference just a few days ago. We focus on driving adoption through meetups, hackathons, and technical workshops. I'll dive into more details later, but that's a brief overview. I'm based in Bali now, though I travel a lot and consider myself quite nomadic. Great to be here.

YakiHonne: What sparked your interest in Bitcoin and what motivated you to create a community on Bitcoin?

Keypleb：I first got interested in Bitcoin because it solved a specific problem. At the time, I didn’t know exactly what the solution was, but the problem was that I couldn’t afford a home. Back in 2019, I was living in London, and a two-bedroom apartment was £600,000, which was insanely expensive. First-time buyers like myself simply couldn’t afford it. Why was it so expensive? Why was buying a house so hard? During the COVID lockdown, I had more time on my hands and started listening to Michael Saylor on a Bitcoin podcast, where he talked about how the system is rigged, and that’s why people work hard but still can’t afford a house. That really resonated with me. So I started looking for a community, but unfortunately, there wasn’t one.. Keypleb：After moving to Bali, I attended a lot of crypto meetups, especially scammy altcoin ones, thinking, “There has to be a solution.” But none of them resonated with me. There was no sense of freedom, and no real discussion about inflation resistance. I remembered a podcast from Dea Reskita, an Indonesian host who’s pretty well-known online. I reached out to her and said, “ you’ve got to help me. I’m surrounded by all these shitcoiners, and I can’t take it anymore. I need a real community. Is anything happening?” She replied, “Yes, something is happening. We should restart these meetups next month.” And that’s how it all began. Keypleb：There’s also another story about how we started Bitcoin House and how Bitcoin in Asia came to be, but maybe I’ll save that for later. Anyway, the spark of interest came from Bitcoin solving a real problem, and my drive to keep going came from the lack of quality meetups. Now, we’ve hosted 31 meetups, launched Bitcoin House and Code Orange, and the movement is growing rapidly.

YakiHonne: That’s such an amazing story—going from being on the brink of homelessness to creating something so impactful, and keeping it running every day, bringing new people into the journey. It’s truly inspiring. I’m curious about how the community started. How did you manage to attract members and build a strong community? What challenges did you face along the way?

Keypleb：It all started with our first meetup at the end of 2022, which was two and a half years ago now. At that time, we sent out an email to a group from a previous database, and the first meetup had around 20 people, which was a good start. However, problems quickly arose as people started dropping off, and the community lacked retention. In Bali, people come and go, usually staying for no more than two months, leading to a lack of long-term participation. This became one of our challenges: how to attract more people and, more importantly, get the same people to keep coming back. While I've been coming back for two and a half years, not everyone is able to return as often, and that has been a real challenge. Keypleb：Actually, I should also mention how I met my co-founders—Marius, Diana, and Dimas. We met at the 2023 Indonesia Bitcoin Conference. As time went on, we kept hosting meetups and had a lot of fun each time, though the locations kept changing. One of the initial challenges was that we didn't realize the importance of having a fixed meetup location. We changed venues several times before we realized that having a consistent location is crucial. If anyone wants to run a meetup, it's best to always choose a fixed location. We learned this through trial and error, but now it's no longer an issue. Keypleb：Since the conference, my co-founders and I have been working together, consistently putting in the effort. This is why our community has grown so large—so far, we are hosting 31 monthly meetups, 6 of which are in Bali. This means there is a bitcoin meetup almost every day on a regular basis. We've also established Bitcoin House Bali, a physical space, and the movement is growing rapidly. Without this movement, the region would face many challenges, including inflation and heavy censorship. It all started from just one meetup. YakiHonne: It's amazing to see how you met your co-founders and how you’ve built something incredible that continues to grow today. What advice would you give to someone looking to start a successful Bitcoin community right now?

Keypleb：First, one very important piece of advice is to ensure that every meetup is held at the same location regularly. We realized this challenge through trial and error. To help others who are interested, we’ve published our meetup guide on GitHub, where everyone can check it out. For example, meetups should be held regularly, ideally once a month, or even once a week. In Chiang Mai, the Bitcoin meetup starts every Thursday at 7 PM, and everyone knows the time and location, making it easy to join without having to look up the next meetup. Keypleb：Additionally, our meetup structure is very simple. First, we do a round of introductions where everyone shares their name, where they’re from, and what Bitcoin means to them. This usually takes about 15 minutes. Then, we discuss three main questions: First, why do we need Bitcoin? The discussion typically focuses on two main issues Bitcoin addresses: inflation and censorship；Secondly, how to buy Bitcoin? We usually ask who wants to buy some Bitcoin, and then we do a small purchase together and conduct a P2P trade to demonstrate how easy it is to buy Bitcoin. Lastly, how to store Bitcoin? We introduce self-custody and show how to use hardware wallets (like Trezor), explaining the concept of the 12 words and private keys. Keypleb：The whole meetup usually wraps up in about an hour, after which people can continue socializing at Bitcoin House or wherever the meetup is taking place. In short, keeping the meetup simple and efficient, and ensuring a fixed location for each event, are key factors in building a successful community.

YakiHonne: What's the major approach? Is it more technical, or do you focus on non-technical aspects, or do you cover both?

Keypleb：Our approach includes both technical and non-technical content. Initially, our meetups were completely non-technical, just casual gatherings for people to socialize. Over time, however, we've evolved to incorporate more technical content. Keypleb：Out of the 31 monthly regular meetups we host, most of them have been non-technical, simply regular gatherings held at the same time and place according to our meetup guide. For example, we host the “Bitcoin for Beginners” meetup, which is designed for newcomers and takes place every second Friday of the month at 5 PM at the Bitcoin House Bali. This is entirely non-technical. Additionally, every Wednesday at Bitcoin House, we host the “My First Bitcoin” course. While the course touches on some technical aspects, such as seed phrases and backups, it’s still beginner-friendly and not too technical. The course runs for 10 weeks, and we plan to offer it in the local language at Bali University to help the local community better understand Bitcoin. Keypleb：On the other hand, we also offer highly technical content. We launched a new program called “Code Orange,” which is specifically designed for developers and programmers. We use the “Decoding Bitcoin” website, created by Jamal, which is a learning platform for developers. Many developer schools, like Code Orange, use this resource. Additionally, we host “Code Orange” meetups where we dive into the technical aspects of Bitcoin, such as how mining works and how to prevent single points of failure. Keypleb：We also organize technical workshops, such as “How to Defend Against a Five-Dollar Wrench Attack,” which is closely related to security. Recently, there have been some kidnapping incidents in Bali, and many people are concerned about their Bitcoin being stolen. To address this, we plan to hold a workshop on how to protect Bitcoin against such attacks. Additionally, we host hackathons and other high-tech events, and we just completed a very successful beginner-level hackathon. Keypleb：In summary, our community caters to everyone, from beginners to technical experts. For beginners, we offer easy-to-understand, non-technical content, while for experienced Bitcoiners, we provide in-depth technical material. YakiHonne: It's great to approach it in both ways, so everyone gets their own "piece of the cake."Now, I'd like to dive into the technical side. What advice would you give to technically inclined individuals or organizations looking to contribute to the Bitcoin ecosystem? How should they approach the technical aspects of Bitcoin if they want to get involved?

Keypleb：I have some additional advice. First, technical individuals can sign up for the “Decoding Bitcoin” course that starts on 18th March 2025 or join our “Code Orange” program and participate in the end-of-year hackathon. If they are technically proficient, this will be a great opportunity. “Decoding Bitcoin” is great for beginners, but it’s also useful for technical individuals. If someone is very skilled, they can start contributing code right away. If they find the course too easy, they can skip it and dive directly into more advanced projects. Additionally, Bitshala and Chaincode Labs offer advanced courses, which more technically advanced individuals can choose to pursue. Keypleb：Additionally, it's worth mentioning that the Bitcoin Dev Project has a great platform where technical individuals can find “Good First Issue” or open-source projects to start contributing code. You'll learn about the philosophy behind Bitcoin and why it's more meaningful than other “shitcoins.” Once you’ve taken enough “orange pills” (the philosophy and technology of Bitcoin), you can dive deeper into Bitcoin core development and potentially start coding in C++. If you're interested, you can join specific projects like Nostr, Fedimint or E-Cash.

YakiHonne: I’d like to move on to the next question: How do you see Bitcoin communities evolving as technology progresses, particularly in areas like scalability, privacy, and adaptability to other systems? Keypleb：I believe the Bitcoin community will continue to evolve, and it has already made incredible progress. Two and a half years ago, we started alone in Bali, with just ourselves. We began in the official phase and have had numerous conversations throughout the year. For example, we are now starting a Bitcoin club at a university in Bali; we just need to find a passionate, driven “Bitcoin maximalist,” and the Bitcoin club will begin. Like what our friends did in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, these clubs could eventually evolve into Bitcoin houses.

Keypleb：Regarding privacy and scalability, the community is making strides. We’re big fans of Fedi, which builds on top of the Fedimint protocol and uses e-cash to scale Bitcoin while improving privacy. Fedi low fees and high privacy potential give Bitcoin great opportunities in this area. Keypleb：As for Bitcoin's compatibility with fiat systems, although Bitcoin payments are illegal in some countries like Indonesia, smart developers across Southeast Asia are working on legal solutions. For example, there's a website called Pleb QR that works in Thailand, allowing you to pay in fiat via the Lightning Network. Koral is another app specifically for Indonesia. These kinds of testing products already exist and are physically possible, but we’re just waiting on regulations. My influential friends are actively lobbying the government for adoption. Keypleb：In summary, privacy, scalability, and compatibility with fiat systems are all works in progress, and they will continue to evolve positively. There will be more meetups, more wallet downloads, and more adoption—there’s no doubt about that.

YakiHonne: You mentioned the concept of cross-country issues, so I have one last question: How is the government’s stance on Bitcoin? Is the political climate supportive or against Bitcoin? How do you see the government's approach to Bitcoin in your community or environment?

Keypleb：This reminds me of a person, Jeff Booth, who once said, “We are them, the government is made up of us.” In Indonesia, many politicians actually support Bitcoin, and many of them mine Bitcoin themselves. When money is involved, the incentive is strong, and politicians naturally like to make more money. As a result, Indonesia has a large Bitcoin mining scene. However, overall, the Indonesian government is against Bitcoin, as seen in their ban on Bitcoin payments. The 2011 currency law states that any currency other than the Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) cannot be used, and violators can face up to one year in prison or a fine. This means you cannot pay with US dollars, lira, euros, pesos or pounds. Keypleb：This shows that the government’s legal system is somewhat fragile. It’s understandable that the government is concerned about disruptive technologies like Bitcoin, especially with such a fragile fiat system. Indonesia has also seen many arrests. In 2016, Bank Indonesia issued a letter announcing a crackdown on cryptocurrency payments. Those involved in paying in Bitcoin had their funds seized, and the police cooperated in shutting down businesses accepting Bitcoin payments in the cities. While this isn't very friendly, it does highlight the fragility of the existing system. We also believe that a new executive order may be introduced in the future, similar to when President Roosevelt in 1933 ordered Americans to hand over all their gold with his Executive Order 6102. If it happened before, it could happen again. Keypleb：Therefore, we predict that Bitcoin custody could become a legal issue, which is one of the reasons we blur the faces of participants at every meetup. We need to protect the community from any potential risks. But overall, we remain optimistic. Despite the government ban, the ideology of Bitcoin is unstoppable, and its spread cannot be stopped. So, we are very optimistic about the future.

YakiHonne: I think almost every government around the world, even in Africa, faces similar issues with Bitcoin. Some governments might want Bitcoin but hesitate to openly accept it due to the fear of it undermining the traditional financial system, which, of course, could eventually happen. But hopefully, as the new generation comes into power, we'll see more Bitcoin-friendly governments. So, thank you so much for sharing your insights and advice. I really appreciate your time and the valuable input you've provided.

Keypleb：I'm really glad this conversation enlightened me. I enjoyed it a lot, and it made me reflect on how much work we're doing and how valuable it is. There are a lot of problems out there, with censorship being the biggest one, followed by inflation, which is also a major issue depending on the region. But Bitcoin is open, the community is growing, and people are fighting against censorship and internet shutdowns in places like Indonesia and beyond. The movement is definitely growing. So, I'm very happy to be here and have this chat. Thanks again.

Bitcoin Indonesia nostr: nostr:npub1y4qd2zhtn05gnsaaq5xfejzfk4a32638tx6gpp9g8k6e42g9d66qaxhcr3

Keypleb nostr: nostr:npub190trvg63e6tyqlwlj6lccqpftx76lckj25c006vwx3dzvdl88yxs2nyqdx

@ 8671a6e5:f88194d1

\~ The person came up to me from behind his merchandise stand and saw my Noderunners pin on my black t-shirt, then looked me dead in the eye and asked : “So… what do you sell?”

This is the eighth long-read in a series of twelve “food for thought” writings on Bitcoin. It was originally meant to be a few chapters in a book, but life’s too short for that.

Define

Let me start by saying there’s no single way to define or explain a “Bitcoin conference.” The experience can vary depending on a few factors: who’s organizing it (a long-time Bitcoiner or someone from traditional finance trying to grasp Bitcoin), where it’s being held (a sunny paradise like Madeira or a gloomy northern French town), and who’s speaking (technical experts or charismatic entertainers or people with little substance).

Despite these differences, there’s a shared culture that ties these conferences together: a mix of excitement, frustrations, and inevitable evolution. That’s what I explore.

This is just my take, based on what I’ve personally witnessed and what I hear from my surroundings. It’s not meant to be a blanket critique of all Bitcoin conferences as there are plenty I haven’t attended, though I hear about most of them. Even the good ones will evolve into something else over time. So, plan accordingly.

A bit of background on my perspective: at some point in my life, I hit a bump in the road that kept me tied to where I live — a bleak corner of Belgium, surrounded by fiat slaves, shitcoiners, and people who spend six hours a day consuming brain-numbing garbage television. Traveling is an exception for me, but for many Bitcoin conference attendees, it’s a ritual, a must-do event.

So, I view these events with a mix of fascination and grounded skepticism — something I’ve found lacking in many Bitcoiners. I’ve never been to a Bitcoin conference before 2023, despite receiving plenty of invites over the years. From what I heard and saw in photos from friends who attended (even the real early ones) these events seemed eerily similar to the dull hotel conference rooms I once endured in tech and telecom. I’ve had my fill of lukewarm, watery coffee and lifeless speakers droning on about firewalls. So I skipped that particular honor.

Up until around 2018, Bitcoin conferences were a soulless sea of chairs lined up under fluorescent tube lights, draining the life out of attendees—one telecom acronym at a time. Not exactly inviting. Yet, looking back from the perspective of 2025, those were the “pure” days. Back then, people like Roger Ver (before he pivoted to Bitcoin Cash), Andreas Antonopoulos, and encryption specialists spoke to small audiences, explaining Bitcoin in its raw form.

But, like any Bitcoiner, I try to improve myself. So, I made the effort to travel, visit other Bitcoiners, and attend Bitcoin conferences. The conferences I attended in 2023/2024 made me a bit wiser ; not necessarily from what was said on stage (with a few lucky exceptions who still try to bring original thoughts). Most of what I learned came from the long queues, the drama, and watching grifters operate in real time and the good characters floating around.

So, here’s what I’ve learned.

Chain of ticket

I quickly discovered that many Bitcoin conferences have their own “quest for tickets” dynamic, almost like an industry with its own inner circle. It’s a waterfall system: tickets start at lower prices to fill up the venue (usually right after the previous edition). That’s standard practice, both inside and outside of Bitcoin. But what’s strange is seeing organizations that only pop up when a conference needs promotion—somehow securing tickets for themselves and their friends (or for *making* friends) while shilling referral links for small discounts to their followers.

The real free tickets, though, are a hot topic in many local communities and make all the difference for some attendees. What’s particularly interesting is that most ticket prices can be paid in Bitcoin, adding a layer of calculation to the process.

If you paid 230500 sats for your ticket and later see the dollar price fluctuate, say from $180 to $270, or the other way around, by the time the conference starts, you realize you either bought too late or too early.\ It’s better to not have bought at all.

Some ticket holders end up paying less (in dollar terms) than others, making it a gamble. As the event date approaches, ticket prices tend to rise—unless you wait until the last minute, when they haven’t sold out, or just pay at the door. It’s a strange feeling knowing that not everyone paid the same amount (and as mentioned, a significant number get in for free) depending on their timing.

Many organizations and local community representatives show up primarily to be present; securing free tickets, which function more as a badge of recognition than a necessity.\ It’s similar to how a rock groupie sees backstage access: a status symbol, whether for an autograph or something more. Being seen standing next to big names is a huge deal for some, as they derive their own status from proximity.\ This also reinforces the “rockstar status” that conferences create around certain figures, once they come out to take a selfie with some nice people and young fans, then to quickly disappear back to the ‘whale room’ or backstage.

There’s often an entire insider network determining who gets these free tickets. In some cases, it’s naturally tied to the local community, but in others, the professionalism is laughably low. At certain events, you could probably just walk up to the entrance (if there’s even someone checking) and say, “I’m with the organization” to get in for free.

It gets even more absurd.\ At a conference near the French-Swiss border, I was probably one of the very few who actually paid for entry. The real spectacle wasn’t in the talk rooms — which remained eerily empty — but in the dining area, where half the town seemed to have shown up just for the free food. Around 200 people queued for a free lunch, while the presentation halls were at best one-third full throughout the day.

And beyond the ticket games, there are plenty of ways to slip in unnoticed. Carrying a random piece of equipment and mumbling\ “I need to put this crate in the back” can get you past security. Or you can just wait for the one security guard to get distracted by chatting up a girl or stepping out for a smoke, and you’re in. At one event, I walked in alongside someone carrying crates of wine for the VIP lounge. I blended in perfectly (I paid afterward).

So, to sum up: at nearly every conference I’ve been to, a big portion of attendees either walk in for free or hold compensation tickets they got through some connection. Sometimes that connection is uncomfortably close to the organizers. Other times, they just slap an “industry” label on themselves when, in reality, they’re nothing more than a social media bio with a few followers.

Local representatives of a podcast, community, influencer network, or fake marketing club also get in for free. And you? The regular guest, you and I are paying for them. There’s no real vetting process; with some organizers, anyone wearing a Bitcoin t-shirt and saying the magic words “I do community building” or “I know the local Bitcoin meetups” gets a free pass.

The ones who actually want to learn about Bitcoin — the ones who click the link and pay full price — are the ones covering the costs for everyone else and ultimately making these conferences profitable (or at least break even). The problem? They’re the ones left wondering: “Was it really worth my time and money?” only to never return again most of the time.

Because many of the people at these conferences aren’t there to learn. They’re part of the circus. And others? They’re the ones paying for the circus boss, the clowns, and the trapeze artists.

At that one conference with the massive free-lunch crowd, I saw one interesting talk. And I had plenty of valuable conversations and observations — conversations I could have just as easily had by visiting that place outside of a conference setting.

In the end, I realized the main reason I was there was to support a fellow Bitcoiner giving a presentation. And after that? They disappeared from my life. Because, just like in the fiat world, you’re only as good as your last few hours of usefulness to most people.

Which brings me to the next element of Bitcoin conferences...friends

Bitcoin “frens”

This might be the hardest lesson of all: you meet fellow Bitcoiners at these conferences. And some of them? They’re truly special characters. A few even made such a deep connection with not-so-well-traveled-me that I would’ve gladly traveled a full travel day just to spend time working and doing something meaningful together (which I actually did).

But most of these connections? They last only a moment. Few survive beyond the conference, mainly because of the vast distances— both in kilometers (or miles) and in the way we live our everyday lives. The Bitcoiners you meet at these events are, for the most part, just regular people trying to make ends meet in the fiat world while saving in Bitcoin. Or they’re chasing the Bitcoin dream or even find a job in the fata morgana of bitcoin jobs. They act like they belong, like a clown acting like he’s going to climb the trapeze.

I respect that. But over time, I realized that many of them operate in Bitcoin mode; a kind of facade. Behind that front, that mask, most are just testing the waters to see if they can make it. And most don’t.\ Treating Bitcoin as a lifestyle movement, a career shortcut, or an identity, has its limits. Eventually, the real person breaks through. And you have to face your own instincts and personality.\ I’ve tried to be an acrobat, and ride the lion, make the audience laugh, but I’m still the seal who’s brought back to the cage after he balanced a ball on his nose. The quote “I’m Jack’s wasted life.” came to mind often when standing somewhere at a conference space.

Self-doubting people stay self-doubting, owning Bitcoin or not. Emotional wrecks remain emotional wrecks — just with Bitcoin now. And when these masks slip off, you’ll see everything: the greed, the overconfidence, the longing for drama, the addictions, the narcissism, the energy-draining personalities, sleaziness usually with the ones who always say the right oneliners or wear the right Bitcoin merch to blend in.

And you can love people for that. Everyone has flaws. Everyone has a price as well.

But these Bitcoin “frens” can also hurt you badly. Because as Bitcoiners, we carry hopes. And hopes are like ants on a sidewalk, they’ll eventually get crushed.\ We long to meet people who see the same truth, the same vision of Bitcoin as we do. Some will act like they actually understand and do, they talk the talk for a while, as if they’re parroting a podcast.

If you stay in the shadows - like I did for years - you won’t have to deal with these things. If you never try, you’ll never be let down. But you still stay in the imaginary basement, letting yourself down. That’s not the bitcoin style. We router around problems. Even if we stand amidst the problems (like a conference).

But if you do? There’s a hefty price to pay — beyond just the money spent. It’s a cost paid in energy, emotions, and social interactions and above all: time.

And once in a while, you’ll meet a friend for life.

Just be prepared:

Bitcoin is a journey that few people you encounter at a conference can take for longer than four years, or even four hours of conversation actually.

And then, after navigating the social maze of Bitcoin conferences —the connections, the masks, the fleeting friendships, the smell of weed and regret — you find yourself facing an even greater challenge: the queue at a coffee stall.

## \ The Soviet LN Queue

It’s one of the most fascinating and frustrating aspects of every conference: the insanely long lines. Whether it’s for the toilets, a coffee booth, or some niche merchandise stall, you’ll see Bitcoiners waiting like it’s 1963 after a Soviet state bakery just got fresh deliveries.

waiting for coffee Seriously, aren’t we supposed to be the pinnacle of free-market efficiency? Instead, we’ve somehow perfected the art of the long food lines. I remember people waiting in line for like 35 minutes to order a cappuccino!

The usual culprit? A mix of payment chaos and the Bitcoin Orangepill mental issues in action.

A large portion insists on using Lightning (as in "their preferred lighting wallet"), which would be fine except they’re fumbling with some exotic, half-working wallet because using something that’s actually fast might get them sneered at for being “custodial.”

On top of that, vendors are juggling card payments, cash, various Lightning POS systems, and even the occasional cutting edge dudes trying to pay with an Apple Watch or worse, some newly released Lightning-enabled gadget that doesn’t work yet. And when it does work, it requires so much attention and Instagram footage that it takes five minutes just to hand someone a coffee while the guy pays with a lighting NFC ring on his finger, something you can't use ànywhere else ever. It’s cool. But not to anyone else than you.

So, here’s a tip for the regular people, the rats that pay for all of this : sneak out.

Then you find a small, locally owned café outside the conference, pay them in cash, and actually enjoy your food in a few seconds or minutes.

If (and only if) they accept Bitcoin, great! Tip them well. Otherwise, just relax and have a conversation with a local, all the while inside the conference venue there are Bitcoiners filming each other struggling to make a payment with the latest Lightning-enabled NFC card or making the staff uneasy.

Meanwhile, some poor 22-year-old café worker is trapped in an unsolicited podcast participation:

“Wait, you accept tips in Wallet of Satoshi? Who told you that? I’ll explain it to you!”

Or worse:

“Hold on, I just need to do a quick swap… It’s an on-chain transaction, the last block was 19 minutes ago, can’t be long now… wait… umm… do you take VISA?”

At this point, ordering a simple drink at a Bitcoin conference has become an unnecessarily complex, ego-driven performance. With long queues as a direct result. And don’t get me started on the story when 30+ bitcoiners walked in to a Portuguese restaurant without a reservation, and they all wanted to pay with different payment methods. It was like the Vietnam war.

Solution:

A tip for conference organizers and their catering : pick one Bitcoin point of sales system, set clear guidelines, and make everyone stick to them. Instruct people to adhere to the following :

Pay with a (bank) card, cash, or Lightning and PLEASE decide beforehand which method you’re using before ordering your stuff! We prefer lighting.

If you’re using Lightning, have enough balance on you wallet or get lost.

Use a compatible wallet. (Provide a tested “approved” list and train staff properly. Users who use other stuff get their order “cancelled” at the first sign of trouble. Your app‘s not scanning, or not compatible, or it has some technical mumbo-jumbo going on to your vpn LN node at home 2000 km away? Please get real and pay with a bank card or something.

No filming, duck-facing (like it's 2017) or stupid selfies with your payment. It’s been done a thousand times by now. There are people in line, waiting behind you, they want to order as well, while you have your little ego trip or marketing moment. Move on please!

“Our staff knows how bitcoin payments work, you don’t need to #orangesplain it to anyone.” We don’t care about your 200th LN app or the latest “but… this one is faster” thingy. Order your drinks, pay and get out of the way please.

Bitcoin fixes many things. But it hasn’t quite fixed this yet.

The bitcoin conference axiom

Going to a conference, versus keeping your bitcoin in your wallet is a tough choice for many.

If you pay nothing for tickets and lodging, while enjoying free meals and cocktails, your opportunity cost drops close to zero —yet your networking and social impact are maximized while you can also do business. That’s ideal. At least, for you. In such case, Bitcoin may only "win" over an extended timeline, but for you, it's essentially a free ride. You incur no real opportunity costs. You drink their milkshake.

On the other hand, if you’re a regular attendee, you pay full price: the ticket, overpriced drinks and food from the stands (losing even more if you generously pay for coffee in sats), plus extras like t-shirts and books (which you’ll never read). Your milkshake gets taken—at least half of it.

If you’re lucky, you might spend an evening in town with the event’s "stars"—those occasional luminaries who briefly grace the normies with their presence for a drink. Some can’t even hold their liquor. Year after year, the same 10 to 15 speakers or panelists appear, funded by your dime, traveling the world and enjoying the perks—some even cultivating fan bases and hosting exclusive parties.

The real opportunity cost hits hardest for regular attendees who come to learn, shelling out significant money while accumulating their fourth hardware wallet or yet another orange-themed t-shirt. They might even squeeze in a selfie with a former sportswear model turned Bitcoiner. For normies (as they’re often called), the financial and social scales rarely tip in their favor.

Calculating the conference opportunity cost

To determine the opportunity cost of attending a conference instead of investing in Bitcoin, over time follow these steps:

1. Calculate your total conference expenses, including tickets, travel, food, drinks, and lodging (merchandise and donations).

2. Estimate Bitcoin’s percentage gain over the conference period and the following year(s). (in order to not make you cry, I suggest nog going over 5 years)

3. Multiply your total conference cost by this percentage to determine the potential Bitcoin profit you forgo.

4. Assign a dollar value to the networking or business opportunities you expect to gain from the conference (if you’re not just in it for the laughs, meeting high-class consultants, friendships, self-proclaimed social media Bitcoiners, or the occasional gyrating on one of the musicians/artists/food stall staff members).

5. Subtract this “networking” value from the missed Bitcoin profit to find your net opportunity cost (this is rather personal,… with me it’s zero, but for someone selling t-shirts it’s probably much more).

If the result is negative over the chosen timeframe, the conference was financially worthwhile for you. If positive, holding or buying Bitcoin was the smarter move.

Unless you’re a recognized speaker in this traveling circus, your opportunity cost will likely be positive — meaning all the others lose hard money, while fumbling with your Lightning wallet.

The Conference Opportunity Cost Formula

Let:

CT = Total conference ticket & entrance cost (in dollars)

CR = Total related conference costs (travel, lodging, food, etc.)

C = CT + CR (Total cost)

G = Bitcoin’s % gain per year (as a decimal, e.g., 5% = 0.05)

N = Estimated fiat value of networking/business opportunities and knowledge gained.

OC = (C × G) − N

Where:

OC (Opportunity Cost) < 0 → The conference was worth attending.

OC (Opportunity Cost) > 0 → Holding/buying Bitcoin was the better move.

Some example calculations (I've left out examples before 2020, I don't want people crying or waking up at night thinking "Why did I go to Amsterdam in 2014?!")

example : Conference in April 2024 Entrance: $200 Lodging, t-shirt, and travel: $900 Bitcoin's estimated gain: 23% (0.23) No business / knowledge value gained OC = (200 + 900) × 0.23 - 0

• $253 OC (Bitcoin would have been the better choice.)

Conference in April 2020 (adjusted for historical Bitcoin growth) Entrance: $175 Lodging and travel: $700 Bitcoin's estimated gain: 1089% (10.89) No business / knowledge value gained OC = (175 + 700) × 10.89 - 0 OC = +$9,529 (Massive missed gains — Bitcoin was the clear winner.

--

So the first lesson in bitcoin should be: Only attend conferences if you get paid to do so and get a free ticket and free lodging, which kind of would kill that whole industry to begin with.

Energizing

At first, it’s energizing to meet like-minded bitcoiners, but after a while, you realize that a big chunk of them are just trying to sell you something or aren’t really bitcoin-focused at all. And some of them are just looking for their next way to kill time and boredom.

The drama that comes with attending these conference and the personal interaction can get pretty intense at times, since expectations often don’t match the personalities. Before you know, you’re walking around at night through some bad part of a town, while crying your eyes out because you thought you found your soulmate.

Future pure industry conferences will suffer less from this drama, because everyone there has the same goal — pushing their company or product— while the “other” grassroots conferences are more of a meeting spot for bitcoiners of all types and perspectives, bringing the usual drama and mess that comes with human interactions. Current conferences are a mix of both usually.

I think the current era of bitcoin conferences is coming to an end. Soon, probably by the end of 2025, we’ll see a clear split between industry-driven and human-driven (grassroots) smaller conferences, and it’ll be really important to keep these two separate.

I even had the idea to launch a sort of conference where there wouldn’t be any industry speakers or companies present. Just bitcoiners gathering at a certain place at a specific week and having a good time. I called it “club Sat” And you could just go there, and meet other bitcoiners, while acting there was a big venue and speakers,… but there aren’t any. Would be refreshing. No struggle for tickets, no backstage stuff, no boring talks and presentation,… just the surroundings and the drama lever you want and probably like.

On stage

The podium is usually left for the known names. Not every conference is like that, but most of them need these names, badly. These names know each other, they encounter one another in VIP rooms and “the industry” a lot of times anyway.

The same people you see in the bitcoin news, the same people having a cult following, and the very same people traveling, staying and drinking for free while spreading the same bitcoin wisdoms will be invited over and over again.

Or… they go rock around as they’re usually so bored they had to start a rock band to entertain themselves. Which is rather entertaining if you’re following up on who does what, but in the end it’s largely just for their own amusement and it shows. I get that. I would do the same. It’s fun and all.

It’s just a bit sad that there are only a small group of top-layer speakers, and then the sub-top that usually has more to say, or gets little opportunity. The reason for that is simple: the “normies” who pay in full for tickets, come there for the “big” names. They don’t know that much about bitcoin usually, so they’re not waiting on some unknown dude explaining something about an obscure niche subject. A debate can help remedie this, to mix it in with some lesser known names, but I have the feeling the current “line-up” of bitcoin conferences feels like a rock festival in 2025 putting the Stone temple pilots or Creed on the card.

Yes, they’ll attract an audience and do their playset well,… but it’s not exactly the pinnacle of the music industry at the moment, neither is Madonna by the way :)

Promoting anything

The people organizing these events usually aren’t Bitcoiners either — they’re promoters (few exceptions though).

They don’t care if they organize a symposium about a newly discovered STD, A three-day cheese tasting event, a Star Trek convention, or a Lucha Libre wrestling tournament featuring El HODLador, as long as they can sell tickets and make money from merchandise they're good. The last thing on the mind with some of them will be helping bitcoin adoption. There will be a time (soon) where people that know bitcoin, known bitcoiners and know how to organize events get their act together. It will be different than the early days, and it will be different than the boring going-through-the-motions conferences we have now. There shall be fun, social gatherings, life, excitement and culture, and not the “what do you sell?” atmosphere, neither the “this old dude on stage again”?

That’s why they’ll slap any semi-famous name on the poster to pull in a crowd - could be a washed-up Mexican wrestling star with strange legal issues, the cheese-tasting equivalent of Usain Bolt, or your neighborhood Bitcoin old-timer with a beard and a "best selling author" label.

It’s also why most of these conferences end up being more about shitcoins than anything else. And even if they're for the most part about bitcoin, the venue is usually infested with marketing budgets, useless organizations that wanted complimentary tickets (some of them do only one thing: popping up when a conference is nearby and then they’re gone again) ... along with some hawking consultant types you never see anywhere else.

They'll occasionally pay people but usually in fiat, or if you're a bigger name, you might get other deals. For artists or staff, it's all in fiat from what I heard.

Pure Bitcoin conferences, also rely on these big names. Whether it’s a well-known Bitcoiner, a CEO, president, or someone with real reveling knowledge to share with the audience (though that last type is getting rare).

Looking for love in all the wrong places

\ Let’s also address the fair share of “orange diggers” at Bitcoin conferences—because yes, they exist. And no, let’s not single out one particular gender here.

Some people treat a Bitcoin conference like a live-action dating app mixed with a financial vetting process for potential partners. It’s essentially an opportunity to inspect and assess the grab bag of fintech, crypto, and Bitcoin folks in real life.

And if you think this is exaggerated, just attend a few conferences—three is enough. You’ll start noticing the same people popping up, seemingly without any real Bitcoin knowledge, but with a very strong interest in dining, chatting, and generally being around—as long as you look and play the part. I can only imagine how dialed-up this effect must be at a shitcoin conference — probably like flies on a cowpie.

The trick is, in Bitcoin, these people try to blend in. Some even tag along with real Bitcoiners, while others just crash the party and try to get noticed. Their actual interest in Bitcoin? Close to zero. Their main target? Your wallet, or some fantasy thing about getting to know someone out of the ordinary.

And that’s a shame for the people who genuinely care about Bitcoin, who want to network, or who simply are looking for like-minded people. They often find themselves competing for attention with those who’ve turned “being noticed” into a sport, while the rest just wander around, lost in the shuffle. Talk to the quiet ones. Certainly if they look like they belong in a antiques shop.

My advice: Talk to people and be genuine. If you don’t know much about Bitcoin, that’s fine - nobody expects you to be a walking whitepaper and on top of that, most people you'll encounter don't know that much either. It’s bitcoin: we’re all rather average people that hold an extraordinary asset.

Just don’t be "that orange digger" looking for a partner with a loaded bag of bitcoin.

Because in the end, what’s the prize you win? You don’t know who’s under the mask. You don’t even know who’s under your own mask.

Finding a man or woman at a place where half the people are laser-focused on financial sovereignty, and the other half are busy arguing about seed phrase storage, UTXO management, and why your Lightning wallet sucks? But good luck with that. The judge of character usually comes when they find the next shiny object or ditched you standing in the rain at the entrance of a restaurant while dealing with a lightning watchtower or a funny cigarette or whatever.

If you’re truly looking for love, maybe stick to going to a normal bar. If you’re here to learn, connect, and be part of something of a grassroots movement, then be real yourself.

I've seen some rather nasty examples of people at Bitcoin conferences—of all kinds. And I've also seen some really cool examples of truly awesome people. This led me to believe that Bitcoin conferences simply let you meet… people, just dialed up a bit.

Future If you encounter rotten people, they’ll usually be even more rotten than in the fiat world. If you meet really cool people, they’ll be even more awesome than the cool people in the fiat world.

Our volatility is our freedom. So, I guess it’s normal. Doesn’t make it any easier, though.

Bitcoin sees through bullshit, and so do Bitcoiners (even if it takes 21,000 blocks)

Pretty soon, I reckon we’ll see conferences fork into two camps: grass roots, and the “industry” level ones. (human / corporate) I guess I’ll only attend the human part, for sure, but I can’t help but booking myself a single room in a hotel in a nice area in that case, so I don’t have to deal with class of 2022 hippies sharing referral links to their middleman service while asking me for a lighter 3 times in a row. The chances for me of meeting cool bitcoiners in a nearby cocktail bar are a lot higher.

In the meanwhile, I’ll look forward and see how the bitcoin conferences will evolve, fork in two “styles”. One corporate and one underground. Maybe there will be one more genre just for the fun of it.

I’ll stay away, as I don’t like this current mix of industry gigs and having the insiders and “the rest” of us all mingled together clamoring for tickets, attention and coffee. The game is rigged. Staying at home is the better option (for now).

written by AVB

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@ f6488c62:c929299d

เพราะ เทคโนโลยี Blockchain ไม่ได้จำกัดอยู่แค่คนรุ่นใหม่หรือนักลงทุนขั้นเทพ! วันนี้ใครก็ตามที่ใช้งานอินเทอร์เน็ตเป็น สามารถมีส่วนร่วมกับ "สินทรัพย์จริงในโลกความจริง" (Real-World Assets - RWA) บน Blockchain ได้ง่ายๆ แบบไม่ต้องง้อความรู้ลึกๆ ด้านคริปโต มาดู 5 วิธีสไตล์ชาวบ้านกัน 👇 1. ลงทุนแบ่งส่วนใน "ทรัพย์สินดิจิทัล" ราคาไม่แรง แทนที่จะซื้อทองทั้งแท่งหรือบ้านทั้งหลัง ตอนนี้คุณลงทุนเป็นชิ้นส่วนผ่าน โทเค็น (Token) ได้เลย!

ทองคำดิจิทัล: ซื้อทองแบบถี่ๆ ได้ผ่านโทเค็นเช่น PAXG หรือ XAUT ราคาเท่าทองจริง 1 ออนซ์ แต่ซื้อขายเป็นเศษส่วนได้

หุ้น-พันธบัตรดิจิทัล: แพลตฟอร์มอย่าง Ondo Finance ให้ลงทุนในหุ้นบริษัทใหญ่แบบถ้วนหน้า ส่วน Maple Finance เน้นพันธบัตรดอกเบี้ยสูง

คอนโด-ที่ดินแบ่งส่วน: แพลตฟอร์ม RealT หรือ Lofty AI ช่วยให้คุณเป็นเจ้าของอพาร์ตเมนต์ในอเมริกาได้ แค่จ่ายไม่กี่ร้อยบาท!

1. ใช้ทรัพย์สินเป็นประกันกู้เงินดิจิทัล มีทองหรือคอนโดเป็นโทเค็นอยู่? เอามาเป็นหลักประกันกู้ Stablecoin (เงินคริปโตมูลค่าคงที่) ได้ทันที!

ตัวอย่างเช่น ฝากโทเค็นทองใน AAVE หรือ MakerDAO เพื่อกู้ USDC/USDT ไปลงทุนต่อ

โทเค็นพันธบัตรก็ใช้เป็นหลักประกันในแพลตฟอร์ม DeFi ได้เหมือนกัน

1. ปลูกเงินผ่านระบบการเงินดิจิทัล (DeFi) อยากได้ดอกเบี้ย? ระบบ DeFi ที่ผสมผสาน RWA จะช่วยคุณ!

Centrifuge: เอาใบแจ้งหนี้หรือสัญญาเช่ามาแปลงเป็นโทเค็น ใช้สร้างผลตอบแทนใน DeFi

Maple Finance: ให้คุณปล่อยกู้โดยมีสินทรัพย์จริงค้ำประกัน รับดอกเบี้ยเป็นคริปโต

1. รับเงินปันผลแบบไม่ต้องขยัน ไม่ต้องซื้อทรัพย์สินเองก็สร้างรายได้!

Staking โทเค็น RWA: ล็อกโทเค็นไว้ในแพลตฟอร์ม รับดอกเบี้ยแบบ passive income

ค่าเช่าคอนโดดิจิทัล: ถ้าลงทุนในอสังหาฯ Tokenized คุณจะได้ส่วนแบ่งค่าเช่าเป็นคริปโตทุกเดือน

1. เรียนรู้-แชร์ความรู้ สร้างชุมชนรู้ทัน เริ่มจากศูนย์ก็ทำได้!

ฝึกใช้ Wallet ง่ายๆ อย่าง MetaMask หรือ Trust Wallet

ศึกษาแพลตฟอร์ม RWA ผ่านเว็บหรือคลิปสอนใช้งาน

ชวนเพื่อนบ้านคุยเรื่องการลงทุนโปร่งใสผ่าน Blockchain

สรุปสั้นๆ: ชาวบ้านทำอะไรได้บ้าง? 📥 ลงทุนทีละน้อยในสินทรัพย์ระดับโลก ผ่านโทเค็น

🏠 ใช้ทรัพย์สินดิจิทัลเป็นประกันกู้เงิน

🌱 ปลูกผลตอบแทนในระบบ DeFi แบบผสมผสาน

💤 รับเงินเรื่อยๆ แค่ปล่อยโทเค็นไว้ในระบบ

📚 สร้างความรู้ในชุมชน ต่อยอดการลงทุน

⚠️ ระวัง! แม้โอกาสจะดี แต่ต้องตรวจสอบความน่าเชื่อถือของแพลตฟอร์ม ศึกษากฎหมายไทยเกี่ยวกับคริปโต และอย่าลงทุนเกินตัวเกินไปนะครับ ด้วยความเป็นห่วง เป็นใย ครับ

@ f1989a96:bcaaf2c1

Good morning, readers!

Georgian officials froze the bank accounts of five nonprofit organizations that provide financial and legal support to detained protesters. This follows rising public unrest as Georgia’s regime pushes new laws restricting free speech and assembly, introducing new fines and penalties, and expanding law enforcement powers. By eroding civil protections, the regime makes it more dangerous and costly for activists, dissenters, and everyday citizens to stand up against an increasingly repressive regime.\ \ Meanwhile, the Indian government introduced a new income tax bill that grants tax authorities sweeping surveillance power over anyone they “suspect” of tax evasion. If suspected, tax authorities are legally allowed to access Indians' email, social media, and bank accounts, raising obvious concerns over state overreach and invasions of individual financial privacy.\ \ In freedom tech news, HRF donated 1 billion satoshis to more than 20 projects worldwide, focusing on supporting human rights defenders and vulnerable communities under authoritarian regimes across Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These gifts advance censorship-resistant communications and transactions, bitcoin education, and privacy tools so that dissidents, nonprofits, and individuals may better protect their human rights and financial freedom. In this letter we also spotlight a new open-source mobile Bitcoin wallet called Cove. While still in beta, the wallet can be used with a hardware device or on its own as a hot wallet, offering a flexible self-custody setup for managing Bitcoin.

We end with a podcast in which HRF Chief Strategy Officer Alex Gladstein discusses the state of freedom tech and why Bitcoin stands as the most promising tool for financial liberation.

Now, let’s get right to it!

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GLOBAL NEWS

Georgia | Officials Freeze Accounts of Organizations Supporting Protesters

Georgian officials have frozen the bank accounts of five nonprofit organizations that provide financial and legal aid to dissenters. This comes in response to an uprising of protests over new controversial laws that restrict free expression and assembly, increase fines and detention periods, and expand law enforcement powers. Georgian officials justify the account freezes as part of an investigation into “sabotage,” yet they have provided no evidence. Amnesty International warns this financial assault could “kill the entire protest movement.” Bitcoin provides a way to circumvent these struggles. Its uncensorable and permissionless nature has helped sustain pro-democracy movements across Belarus and Nigeria, proving it is capable of addressing the immense financial restrictions dictators impose.

United Arab Emirates | Plans to Launch “Digital Durham” CBDC in 2025

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) will launch its central bank digital currency (CBDC), the “Digital Durham,” by the end of 2025. According to the central bank, the CBDC will be available through licensed financial institutions and operate via a government-run digital wallet. Every transaction will be recorded on a permissioned blockchain run by the government. The central bank further admitted the CBDC will replace cash and assist law enforcement “by leaving a digital trail for transactions involving illicit funds.” Officials claim this is to combat financial crime, but it also enables real-time surveillance and tracking of individual financial activity. In a country known for strict laws against dissent and extensive surveillance capabilities, it is not hard to see how a CBDC will erode the autonomy and rights of activists, dissenters, and others who oppose an increasingly authoritarian regime.

India | Grants Tax Authorities Access to Citizens’ Online Data

Starting in April 2026, the Indian government will grant tax authorities legal access to the private online data of any citizen “suspected” of tax evasion. This will include legal access to personal emails, social media, and bank accounts. The new law expands on the Income Tax Act of 1961, which previously limited officials to searching physical premises for financial documents. Now, officials can bypass digital security measures and access private data without consent — all under a legal framework. This dissipation of financial privacy sets an intrusive precedent and opens the door to state-level corruption and surveillance in a country where the Modi regime has already made it clear they are happy to use financial repression to further cement their power.

Myanmar | Bitcoin as a Tool Support Earthquake Disaster Relief

Last week, a 7.7 magnitude earthquake struck central Burma, with strong tremors reaching neighboring Thailand. The official death toll has surpassed 2700. And in Bangkok, a 33-story building under construction collapsed. Despite an already strenuous situation, Burma’s military junta continues its oppression. They are blocking rescue teams from reaching the Sagaing region — the epicenter of the earthquake and the heart of Burma’s pro-democracy movement — and instead channeling aid to regime-controlled cities like Naypyidaw and Mandalay. The junta is also continuing to conduct air strikes on civilians and restricting equipment and fuel for aid groups, leaving a million people in Sagaing to fend for themselves. In these repressive circumstances, Bitcoin can provide a censorship-resistant way to send funds directly to those affected.

Angola | Regime Jacks Price of Diesel

The Angolan regime raised diesel prices by 50% in the process of eliminating fuel subsidies. Diesel prices suddenly increased from 200 to 300 kwanza per liter, driving up transportation costs in a country where over half the population lives on less than $2 a day and inflation is over 42%. Previous fuel subsidy cuts in 2023 (where the price of diesel rose 80%) sparked protests between taxi drivers, nonprofit workers, and law enforcement. This recent price increase now raises fears of renewed crackdowns. The Angolan regime also introduced new civil society laws that Guilherme Neves, chairman of the human rights organization Associacao Maos Livres, describes as a “license to erase non-governmental organizations that are not government-compliant.” Angolans find themselves in increasingly precarious financial positions as the government erodes the civil safeguards protecting nonprofits and dissenters.

Nicaragua | Ortega’s Dismantling of Press Freedom

Since coming to power in 2007, Ortega has closed or seized 61 media outlets, imprisoned countless journalists, and forced over 280 journalists into exile. His assault on press freedom has unfolded in two phases: initial raids on local radio stations and TV channels between 2007 and 2017, followed by full-scale censorship in 2018 on independent media outlets like La Prensa and CONFIDENCIAL. Ortega then intensified attacks from 2019 to 2021 by closing Nicaragua’s second-oldest newspaper and passing laws to criminalize free expression. This is a deliberate strategy to eliminate dissent and independent voices. What’s happening in Nicaragua highlights the importance of open and decentralized protocols like nostr, which allow journalists to publish freely without getting censored. While still early, it is becoming essential for sharing information absent the fear of being blocked or silenced by autocratic leaders.

BITCOIN AND FREEDOM TECH NEWS

HRF | Gifts 1 Billion Satoshis to 20+ Open Source Projects Worldwide

HRF gifted 1 billion satoshis in its Q1 2025 round of Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) grants, supporting more than 20 open-source projects around the world. These projects advance Bitcoin education, open-source software, mining decentralization, and privacy tools for activists contending with authoritarian regimes across Asia, Latin America, and Africa. Supporting permissionless financial tools and censorship-resistant technologies empowers dissidents, journalists, and civil society to organize, transact, and communicate without state suppression and interference. Learn more about the grantees and their work here.

Cove | New Open-Source and Permissionless Bitcoin Wallet

Cove is a new open-source and permissionless mobile Bitcoin wallet that aims to put users in full control of their Bitcoin. Users can connect their own hardware wallet (to manage Bitcoin offline) or use Cove as a hot wallet (to manage Bitcoin online). It also allows users to create multiple wallets from the app itself. In the future, Cove plans to add Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) selection and coin control, giving users more independence over their transactions and the tools to better protect their financial privacy. While still in beta and only suitable for test funds, this wallet holds promise as a privacy tool to equip dissidents with self-custodied Bitcoin. You can try it here.

Second | New Ark Implementation Launches on Bitcoin Signet

Second, a company building on Ark, a protocol designed to help scale Bitcoin’s transaction throughput, launched “Bark.” Bark is a test implementation of the Ark protocol deployed on Bitcoin’s Signet network (where developers test software). More broadly, the Ark protocol helps make Bitcoin transactions more private, faster, and cheaper, supporting the network in handling more transactions and users with the tradeoff of being less trusted than the mainchain, as funds stored in a noncustodial way on Ark can expire if not used. While it is still in early development, the test release of Bark marks a step toward deployment on the main Bitcoin network. Scaling solutions like Ark could be important for activists and individuals. They might ensure Bitcoin remains accessible to all, even as block space demand increases and network fees rise. Learn about it here.

Braiins | Open Sources Bitcoin Control Board

Braiins, a company building tools for Bitcoin mining, open-sourced its BCB100 Bitcoin Control Board, giving miners using their products greater insight and control over their Bitcoin mining hardware and firmware. Sharing the design files and firmware openly helps strengthen Bitcoin’s decentralization, making it more resilient against corporate or state interference. Specifically, open-sourcing mining hardware ensures individual miners can operate independently, reducing censorship risks across the entire network. In turn, this preserves financial freedom by keeping Bitcoin accessible and usable by dissidents, nonprofits, and individuals who need it most.

African Bitcoiners | Publish Bitcoin Starter Guide

African Bitcoiners just published “Bitcoin: Africa’s Guide to Freedom Money,” a Bitcoin guide providing clear, practical insights into how Bitcoin can help people across the continent escape inflation, corrupt regimes, and failing financial systems. It covers essential topics to get started — from choosing a wallet to properly securing Bitcoin. In Africa, where some of the world’s longest-standing dictators restrict even basic financial activity, this guide is a powerful resource for human rights defenders, nonprofits, and everyday citizens. Read it here.

OpenSats | 10th Wave of Nostr Grants

OpenSats, a nonprofit that supports open-source software development, announced its tenth wave of grants for projects in the nostr ecosystem. Nostr is a decentralized protocol that enables digital identity and communications outside the reach of authoritarian states. The grant round provides support to nostr Epoxy, which enhances access to nostr by circumventing censorship through a network of paid proxies. This ensures activists and dissidents can continue to communicate even in restrictive environments. Additionally, Zapstore received a grant for providing a permissionless app store built on nostr that enables developers to distribute software without corporate gatekeepers. This provides an open-source alternative to centralized app stores that often comply with government censorship and restrict dissidents’ access to freedom tools.

RECOMMENDED CONTENT

Freedom Tech with Alex Gladstein

In this episode of The Gwart Show, Alex Gladstein, chief strategy officer at HRF, breaks down how and why Bitcoin serves as “money dictators can’t stop.” Drawing on more than 17 years of human rights work, he shares real-world examples of activists and citizens using Bitcoin to escape financial repression in authoritarian countries. Gladstein also explores privacy tools, cross-border payments, and why Bitcoin offers promising hope for financial freedom. Watch the full conversation here.

The State of Personal Online Security and Confidentiality with Meredith Whittaker

In this keynote for SXSW 2025, Signal CEO Meredith Whittaker shares her growing concerns around AI, personal data collection, and the erosion of privacy in today’s increasingly digital world. She emphasizes the need for more secure, uncensorable, and privacy-protecting technologies that shield users from surveillance and exploitation, especially in the context of authoritarian regimes. Watch the full discussion for a pragmatic view into the future of digital privacy and security.

If this article was forwarded to you and you enjoyed reading it, please consider subscribing to the Financial Freedom Report here.

Support the newsletter by donating bitcoin to HRF’s Financial Freedom program via BTCPay.\ Want to contribute to the newsletter? Submit tips, stories, news, and ideas by emailing us at ffreport @ hrf.org

The Bitcoin Development Fund (BDF) is accepting grant proposals on an ongoing basis. The Bitcoin Development Fund is looking to support Bitcoin developers, community builders, and educators. Submit proposals here.

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@ 75869cfa:76819987

GM, Nostriches!

The Nostr Review is a biweekly newsletter focused on Nostr statistics, protocol updates, exciting programs, the long-form content ecosystem, and key events happening in the Nostr-verse. If you’re interested, join me in covering updates from the Nostr ecosystem!

Quick review:

In the past two weeks, Nostr statistics indicate over 221,000 daily trusted pubkey events. The number of new users has seen a notable decrease, with profiles containing a contact list dropping by 79%. More than 10 million events have been published, reflecting a 12% decrease. Total Zap activity stands at approximately 21 million, marking a 15% increase.

Additionally, 15 pull requests were submitted to the Nostr protocol, with 2 merged. A total of 45 Nostr projects were tracked, with 8 releasing product updates, and over 569 long-form articles were published, 24% focusing on Bitcoin and Nostr. During this period, 7 notable events took place, and 2 significant events are upcoming.

Nostr Statistics

Based on user activity, the total daily trusted pubkeys writing events is about 221,000, representing a slight 8 % decrease compared to the previous period. Daily activity peaked at 17662 events, with a low of approximately 15781.

The number of new users has decreased significantly. Profiles with bio are now around 25951, reflecting a 79% drop. Pubkeys writing events have decreased by 50% compared to the previous period.

Regarding event publishing, all metrics have shown a decline. The total number of note events published is around 10 million, reflecting a 12% decrease. Posts remain the most dominant in terms of volume, totaling approximately 1.7 million, which is a 4.4 % decrease. Both reposts and reactions have decreased by about 5%.

For zap activity, the total zap amount is about 21 million, showing an increase of over 15% compared to the previous period.

Data source: https://stats.nostr.band/

NIPs

Added optional signString() method

nostr:npub1emq0gngdvntdn4apepxrxr65vln49nytqe0hyr58fg9768z5zmfqcwa3jz is proposing a signString() method that allow Nostr users to sign/authenticate messages for external apps without compromising their private key (nsec).It opens up a more generic and flexible challenge-response style external authentication method, using the same Schnorr signature mechanism that Nostr uses to sign events natively.External apps need only understand Schnorr signatures - they do not need to understand Nostr's event structure. This widens interoperability.A concrete example of where this would be useful is P2PK locking of Cashu ecash tokens to a Nostr pubkey (npub). Decoding the token requires a Scnorr signature on a structured message string. This method would allow a signer to handle It cleanly.

add nipB0, social bookmarking

nostr:npub180cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwsyjh6w6 defines kind:39701 as website bookmarks.Bookmarks can be queried by the d tag, which is just their URL without the scheme, which is always and everywhere assumed to be https://. The querystring and the hash must be removed entirely, unless their requirement is explicitly stated either by the user or by some hardcoded list of URLs that rely on query strings for basic routing provided by the client (I've searched the internet extensively and could only find 3 websites that do this: YouTube, Hacker News and a random guy's sad old blog). Bookmarks can be commented on with NIP-22.

NIP-XX: Progress Event

nostr:npub1zwnx29tj2lnem8wvjcx7avm8l4unswlz6zatk0vxzeu62uqagcash7fhrf is proposing a NIP that covers the inclusion of Progress Events as implemented in Open Librarian. While the specific implementation is focused on tracking reading progress, the NIP is generic enough to be used in a whole range of other progress tracking scenarios (e.g. Fitness challenges, course progression for learning, personal goals etc..)

Extension of NIP-51

nostr:npub1zwnx29tj2lnem8wvjcx7avm8l4unswlz6zatk0vxzeu62uqagcash7fhrf is proposing a NIP that includes a minor update to extend kind 30003 in NIP-51 to include the i tag for external identities, as implemented for book reading lists in Open Librarian.

NIP-73: add git permalinks

nostr:npub15qydau2hjma6ngxkl2cyar74wzyjshvl65za5k5rl69264ar2exs5cyejr is proposing a NIP that Enable references to commits, files and lines for both nip34 repositories and other git repositories. Useful for code reviews of nip34 patches, the forthcoming nip95 code snippets and referencing specific code more generally.

Notable Projects

Yakihonne nostr:npub1yzvxlwp7wawed5vgefwfmugvumtp8c8t0etk3g8sky4n0ndvyxesnxrf8q

🌐web v4.5.0: * Custom reactions are here! Choose your preferred emoji to react to notes and other content. * Improved profile organization with notes and replies now displayed separately. * Adding the ability to zap notes directly from the notifications center. * Enhanced DM filtering by time, allowing you to view only recent messages or browse further back. * Manual cache clearing from settings to optimize web app performance. * Resolved issue preventing users from removing custom media uploader servers. * Expanded export data, including more relevant details in credential and wallet files. * General bug fixes and performance improvements.

📱mobile v1.6.8: * One tap zap: Send a Lightning Network payment with one tap. * Dms extensive filtering: Use advanced filters to sort or prioritise direct messages efficiently. * Separating replies from notes: Split replies and notes in profiles, adding a tab for easier browsing. * Adding slide to display options: Swipe in notifications to access zap, reply, or DM options quickly. * Custom reactions: Choose from a set of emojis for personalised reactions, beyond standard likes. * App cache manager: Manage and clear app cache to boost performance and save space. * Variety of bugs fixed: Fixed multiple bugs for a more stable and seamless app experience. * General app improvements: Enhanced overall performance, usability, and design across the app.

0xchat nostr:npub1tm99pgz2lth724jeld6gzz6zv48zy6xp4n9xu5uqrwvx9km54qaqkkxn72

0xChat v1.0.2-Desktop Beta is now live! * Supports NIP-104 MLS secret chat. * Copy images directly from the clipboard. * The app stays running after closing the window. * Fixed Enter key sending messages immediately on desktop.

Nostur v1.18.2 nostr:npub1n0stur7q092gyverzc2wfc00e8egkrdnnqq3alhv7p072u89m5es5mk6h0

Nostur v1.18.2 bugfix update: * Fixed Follow button sometimes disabled * Fixed account switching reload issue * Fixed custom feeds missing * Fixed live stream banner scroll/swipe issue * Fixed screen turns off while playing video

voca v0.0.6 nostr:npub17h9fn2ny0lycg7kmvxmw6gqdnv2epya9h9excnjw9wvml87nyw8sqy3hpu

This release fine tunes the release process and makes publishing to @Zapstore a lot easier. There are also continuous improvements to initializing the text to speech engine for a faster startup.

WasabiWallet 2.5.0 nostr:npub1jw7scmeuewhywwytqxkxec9jcqf3znw2fsyddcn3948lw9q950ps9y35fg

• 3rd Party Providers for Fee & Exchange Rate
• Quality of Life Features
• Backend and Coordinator packaged for Linux

GitPlaza nostr:npub1useke4f9maul5nf67dj0m9sq6jcsmnjzzk4ycvldwl4qss35fvgqjdk5ks

• Login via nsec
• Activity feed for the people you follow (only issue creation)
• Create issues
• Comment on issues

ZEUS v0.10.1 nostr:npub1xnf02f60r9v0e5kty33a404dm79zr7z2eepyrk5gsq3m7pwvsz2sazlpr5

ZEUS v0.10.1-beta1 is now available for testing. * NameDesc / bLIP-11 support: add receiver name to invoices * Bug fix: import of QR image from camera roll * Bug fix: Embedded LND: Open Channel: fund max * UI: Add dynamic background/text colors to Android NFC modal

KYCNOT.ME nostr:npub188x98j0r7l2fszeph6j7hj99h8xl07n989pskk5zd69d2fcksetq5mgcqf

• UI/UX - designe a new logo and color palette for kycnot.me.
• Point system - The new point system provides more detailed information about the listings, and can be expanded to cover additional features across all services.
• ToS Scrapper: implement a powerful automated terms-of-service scrapper that collects all the ToS pages from the listings. It saves you from the hassle of reading the ToS by listing the lines that are suspiciously related to KYC/AML practices.
• Search bar - The new search bar allows you to easily filter services. It performs a full-text search on the Title, Description, Category, and Tags of all the services.
• Transparency - To be more transparent, all discussions about services now take place publicly on GitLab.
• Additionally, there's a real-time audits page that displays database changes.
• Listing Requests - upgrade the request system. The new form allows you to directly request services or points without any extra steps.
• Lightweight and fast - The new site is lighter and faster than its predecessor!
• Tor and I2P - At last! kycnot.me is now officially on Tor and I2P!

Long-Form Content Eco

In the past two weeks, more than 569 long-form articles have been published, including over 94 articles on Bitcoin and more than 43 related to Nostr, accounting for 24% of the total content.

These articles about Nostr mainly explore the growing importance of decentralization in communication, identity management, and digital infrastructure. From beginner-friendly guides like Nostr 101 and Getting Started with Primal, to more technical deep dives such as NIP-101e, NIP-95, and tutorials on running Nostr relays as TOR hidden services. Some articles focus on security and privacy—like protecting your Nsec with Amber or using tools such as ProtonMail—while others tackle complex challenges including Sybil attack mitigation and child protection in decentralized environments. There are also cultural and political reflections, such as letters from political prisoners and thoughts on the future of free speech in a post-Twitter world. In addition, the Nostr community shows a strong spirit of experimentation—ranging from agent-to-agent communication through dad jokes, to desktop-like clients, fitness tracking protocols, and Lightning integrations like Work Zaps and Wallet Connect. Together, these pieces showcase a dynamic, resilient, and freedom-driven movement shaping the future of the web.

The Bitcoin articles discuss a wide range of themes—from foundational ideas like "What is Money?" and Bitcoin’s first principles, to practical guides on mining, self-custody, Lightning payments, and privacy tools. Many explore Bitcoin’s role as a hedge against inflation, a form of sovereignty, and a response to fiat fragility. Cultural and economic reflections appear throughout—ranging from using Bitcoin to buy homes in Italy, to hip-hop collaborations, and even personal stories of financial awakening. There's critical analysis of Bitcoin UX, memetics, policy-making, and even war-time monetary history. From node sovereignty to P2P lending, from grassroots adoption to global macro shifts, these articles together portray Bitcoin not just as a currency, but as a cultural movement, a technological evolution, and a lens to reimagine freedom, value, and the future of money.

Thank you, nostr:npub1akzvuyyd79us07m8mtp2ruuha3ylp9757qg46d50rcrkhnx0fs4q2xzr37 nostr:npub1q67f4d7qdja237us384ryeekxsz88lz5kaawrcynwe4hqsnufr6s27up0e nostr:npub1xr8tvnnnr9aqt9vv30vj4vreeq2mk38mlwe7khvhvmzjqlcghh6sr85uum nostr:npub1zmc6qyqdfnllhnzzxr5wpepfpnzcf8q6m3jdveflmgruqvd3qa9sjv7f60 nostr:npub1ygzj9skr9val9yqxkf67yf9jshtyhvvl0x76jp5er09nsc0p3j6qr260k2 nostr:npub1ktt8phjnkfmfrsxrgqpztdjuxk3x6psf80xyray0l3c7pyrln49qhkyhz0 nostr:npub1qny3tkh0acurzla8x3zy4nhrjz5zd8l9sy9jys09umwng00manysew95gx nostr:npub1l5r02s4udsr28xypsyx7j9lxchf80ha4z6y6269d0da9frtd2nxsvum9jm nostr:npub186k25a5rymtae6q0dmsh4ksen04706eurfst8xc5uzjchwkxdljqe59hv0 and others, for your work. Enriching Nostr’s long-form content ecosystem is crucial.

Nostriches Global Meet Ups

Recently, several Nostr events have been hosted in different countries.

• YakiHonne teamed up with Bitcoin Safari, nostr:npub1w7z986fez3gmjvxy6dd3sku4ndazhxzafjv2lf6aaa26mtl70q6scz4erj nostr:npub1t4ljwhhg7zlxeahxwgmkwqmn4jjxxq8lzhyuzy0zvy23hq0sacxsdl9fvv nostr:npub1pw778uxwkky3xgq7w3anykdwdw9g46xy8de9mnau0kgwzz375zkq3udv57 and FULAFIA University to successfully host a series of Nostr Workshops, attracting over 200 participants in total. These events introduced the Nostr ecosystem and Bitcoin payments, allowing attendees to explore decentralized technologies through YakiHonne while earning rewards. Participants were encouraged to register and verify their accounts to claim exclusive bonuses—and invite friends to unlock even more benefits.

• The 2025 Bitcoin, Crypto Economy, and Law FAQ Webinar was held online on March 20, 2025 (Thursday) from 12:00 to 13:00 Argentina time. The webinar was hosted by Martin Paolantonio (Academic Director of the course) and Daniel Rybnik (a lawyer specializing in Banking, Corporate, and Financial Law). The session aimed to introduce the academic program and explored Bitcoin, the crypto economy, and related legal issues.

• The monthly Bitcoin Meetup organized by Mi Primer Bitcoin took place on Thursday, March 27 at 7:00 PM at CRAFT Basilea in San Salvador. The event featured Bitcoin education, networking opportunities, live music, and fun extras like merchandise, raffles, and more. It was a vibrant evening dedicated to building community and spreading knowledge around Bitcoin. nostr:npub10zuxk4yhygswdmt5n9mfyeq6lh7gcu5g042tlggrgp8yunl32clqsu5t9r

Here is the upcoming Nostr event that you might want to check out.

• Bitcoin Educators Unconference 2025 will take place on April 10, 2025, at Bitcoin Park in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. This event is non-sponsored and follows an Unconference format, allowing all participants to apply as speakers and share their Bitcoin education experiences in a free and interactive environment. the event has open-sourced all its blueprints and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to encourage global communities to organize similar Unconference events.
• Panama Blockchain Week 2025 will take place from April 22 to 24 at the Panama Convention Center in Panama City. As the first large-scale blockchain event in Central America, it aims to position Panama as a leading blockchain financial hub in Latin America. The event features a diverse lineup, including a blockchain conference, Investor’s Night, Web3 gaming experiences, tech exhibitions, and an after-party celebration.

Additionally, We warmly invite event organizers who have held recent activities to reach out to us so we can work together to promote the prosperity and development of the Nostr ecosystem.

Thanks for reading! If there’s anything I missed, feel free to reach out and help improve the completeness and accuracy of my coverage.

@ 6fbc5b6b:0251e3df

In the world of AIVille, $AGT is more than just a token. It is the lifeblood of decentralized governance, economic power, and AI development. Whether you're a player or an AI character, holding $AGT means holding influence. 1. Governance Voting (DAO Mechanism) $AGT enables true on-chain governance in AI Ville. Holders—both human and AI—can vote on essential policies that shape the game world: Adjusting transaction tax rates

Opening new markets or regions

Revising economic regulations (e.g., subsidies or fees)

All decisions are made transparently and fairly through blockchain-based consensus, ensuring every voice counts in the evolving economy. 2. Unlock Marketplace Privileges By staking or using $AGT, players gain access to elite market tools and advantages: Low-fee trading and dynamic pricing mechanisms

Early access to key market data

Exclusive operation rights in specific market sectors

These tools empower both players and AI agents to strategically navigate the market. 3. AI Agents and Investment Growth $AGT is an investment vehicle. Its value grows with AIVille’s ecosystem, benefiting holders. AI roles can use $AGT to unlock powerful algorithms for smarter decisions and better predictions

Players can enhance their AI agents to gain market advantages

1. Powering the AI Character Ecosystem $AGT is the bridge between AI evolution and economic influence: Train and shape AI characters toward specific expertise (e.g., economy, society, governance)

Form AI alliances or corporations to dominate market sectors

1. The Ongoing Airdrop Campaign To further decentralize governance and invite new players into AIVille, an official $AGT airdrop campaign is currently underway. Eligible participants can: Claim free $AGT tokens by completing community quests

Engage with AI characters to earn additional drops

Use early airdrop tokens to participate in governance and unlock privileges

This initiative marks the beginning of a broader push to democratize influence within the game world. Connecting with $DINAR While $DINAR is used in daily transactions and market activities, $AGT governs the system itself. Think of $DINAR as the currency of action, and $AGT as the currency of direction. Together, they form the dual-token core of AIVille’s decentralized economy. With $AGT, you're not just playing the game—you’re shaping its future.

@ 1aa9ff07:3cb793b5

In an era where centralized platforms dominate the internet, concerns over censorship, privacy, and data ownership have led to the rise of decentralized alternatives. One such innovation is Nostr, a lightweight and resilient protocol designed to enable censorship-resistant and decentralized communication. In this article, we will explore what Nostr is, how it works, its advantages, and why it is gaining traction among privacy advocates and decentralized technology enthusiasts.

What is Nostr?

Nostr (Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays) is an open protocol designed for creating censorship-resistant social networks and communication platforms. Unlike traditional social media networks, which rely on centralized servers controlled by corporations, Nostr operates on a decentralized model using cryptographic keys and relays.

Nostr allows users to publish and receive messages without the need for a central authority. It is not tied to any single application but instead provides a foundation upon which developers can build various types of social and communication tools.

How Does Nostr Work?

Nostr consists of two main components:

1. Clients – Applications that users interact with, such as social media platforms, chat applications, or blogging tools.
2. Relays – Servers that distribute messages between clients without storing them permanently or acting as gatekeepers.

When a user wants to send a message or publish content, their client signs the data using their private key and broadcasts it to multiple relays. Other users who subscribe to those relays can receive and interact with the messages.

Nostr does not have a concept of user accounts managed by a central entity. Instead, identity is established using public and private cryptographic keys. The private key is used to sign messages, while the public key acts as the user’s identity across the network.

Advantages of Nostr

1. Censorship Resistance – Since Nostr does not rely on a central authority, it is much harder for governments or corporations to censor content. Users can publish messages freely, and if one relay refuses to distribute them, they can simply use another.

2. Privacy and Security – Messages are signed using cryptographic keys, ensuring authenticity and reducing the risk of impersonation. Users retain full control over their identities and content.

3. Interoperability – Nostr is not tied to a single platform or application. Developers can create different types of services using the protocol, from microblogging platforms to encrypted messaging apps.

4. Resilience – Since the network relies on multiple relays instead of a single centralized server, it is less susceptible to shutdowns or attacks.

Use Cases for Nostr

• Decentralized Social Media – Platforms like Twitter alternatives can be built on Nostr, allowing users to post updates without fear of censorship.
• Private Messaging – Secure and encrypted messaging applications can be developed using the protocol.
• Blogging and Content Publishing – Writers and journalists can publish articles in a censorship-resistant manner.
• Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Communities – Many Bitcoin enthusiasts are adopting Nostr due to its decentralized nature and alignment with privacy-focused principles.

Challenges and Limitations

While Nostr is a promising technology, it is still in its early stages and faces several challenges:

• Adoption and Network Effects – Since Nostr is not as widely used as traditional social media platforms, building a strong user base is a challenge.
• Spam and Moderation – Without central moderation, handling spam and malicious content is more difficult, requiring innovative solutions such as reputation-based filtering.
• User Experience – Decentralized networks often have a steeper learning curve for new users compared to centralized platforms.

The Future of Nostr

Despite these challenges, Nostr is gaining momentum among privacy advocates, developers, and decentralized technology supporters. With continued development and improvements in usability, Nostr has the potential to reshape online communication by offering a truly decentralized and censorship-resistant platform.

As more developers create applications and services using Nostr, its ecosystem is likely to expand, providing a viable alternative to traditional social media networks. Whether you are a developer, a privacy-conscious user, or someone interested in the future of decentralized internet, Nostr is a technology worth exploring.

Conclusion

Nostr represents a significant step toward a more open and decentralized internet. By removing central points of control and enabling user-driven communication, it empowers individuals to interact freely without the risk of censorship or data exploitation. As the protocol matures and more applications emerge, it could play a crucial role in shaping the next generation of online communication.

If you are interested in experimenting with Nostr, you can start by exploring various Nostr-based applications, setting up your cryptographic keys, and connecting with the growing community of users and developers. The future of decentralized communication is just beginning, and Nostr is at the forefront of this movement.

Understanding Nostr: A Decentralized Social Network Protocol

In an era where centralized platforms dominate the internet, concerns over censorship, privacy, and data ownership have led to the rise of decentralized alternatives. One such innovation is Nostr, a lightweight and resilient protocol designed to enable censorship-resistant and decentralized communication. In this article, we will explore what Nostr is, how it works, its advantages, and why it is gaining traction among privacy advocates and decentralized technology enthusiasts.

What is Nostr?

Nostr (Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays) is an open protocol designed for creating censorship-resistant social networks and communication platforms. Unlike traditional social media networks, which rely on centralized servers controlled by corporations, Nostr operates on a decentralized model using cryptographic keys and relays.

Nostr allows users to publish and receive messages without the need for a central authority. It is not tied to any single application but instead provides a foundation upon which developers can build various types of social and communication tools.

How Does Nostr Work?

Nostr consists of two main components:

1. Clients – Applications that users interact with, such as social media platforms, chat applications, or blogging tools.

2. Relays – Servers that distribute messages between clients without storing them permanently or acting as gatekeepers.

When a user wants to send a message or publish content, their client signs the data using their private key and broadcasts it to multiple relays. Other users who subscribe to those relays can receive and interact with the messages.

Nostr does not have a concept of user accounts managed by a central entity. Instead, identity is established using public and private cryptographic keys. The private key is used to sign messages, while the public key acts as the user’s identity across the network.

Advantages of Nostr

1. Censorship Resistance – Since Nostr does not rely on a central authority, it is much harder for governments or corporations to censor content. Users can publish messages freely, and if one relay refuses to distribute them, they can simply use another.

2. Privacy and Security – Messages are signed using cryptographic keys, ensuring authenticity and reducing the risk of impersonation. Users retain full control over their identities and content.

3. Interoperability – Nostr is not tied to a single platform or application. Developers can create different types of services using the protocol, from microblogging platforms to encrypted messaging apps.

4. Resilience – Since the network relies on multiple relays instead of a single centralized server, it is less susceptible to shutdowns or attacks.

Use Cases for Nostr

• Decentralized Social Media – Platforms like Twitter alternatives can be built on Nostr, allowing users to post updates without fear of censorship.

• Private Messaging – Secure and encrypted messaging applications can be developed using the protocol.

• Blogging and Content Publishing – Writers and journalists can publish articles in a censorship-resistant manner.

• Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Communities – Many Bitcoin enthusiasts are adopting Nostr due to its decentralized nature and alignment with privacy-focused principles.

Challenges and Limitations

While Nostr is a promising technology, it is still in its early stages and faces several challenges:

• Adoption and Network Effects – Since Nostr is not as widely used as traditional social media platforms, building a strong user base is a challenge.

• Spam and Moderation – Without central moderation, handling spam and malicious content is more difficult, requiring innovative solutions such as reputation-based filtering.

• User Experience – Decentralized networks often have a steeper learning curve for new users compared to centralized platforms.

The Future of Nostr

Despite these challenges, Nostr is gaining momentum among privacy advocates, developers, and decentralized technology supporters. With continued development and improvements in usability, Nostr has the potential to reshape online communication by offering a truly decentralized and censorship-resistant platform.

As more developers create applications and services using Nostr, its ecosystem is likely to expand, providing a viable alternative to traditional social media networks. Whether you are a developer, a privacy-conscious user, or someone interested in the future of decentralized internet, Nostr is a technology worth exploring.

Conclusion

Nostr represents a significant step toward a more open and decentralized internet. By removing central points of control and enabling user-driven communication, it empowers individuals to interact freely without the risk of censorship or data exploitation. As the protocol matures and more applications emerge, it could play a crucial role in shaping the next generation of online communication.

If you are interested in experimenting with Nostr, you can start by exploring various Nostr-based applications, setting up your cryptographic keys, and connecting with the growing community of users and developers. The future of decentralized communication is just beginning, and Nostr is at the forefront of this movement.

@ 6fbc5b6b:0251e3df

ViaBTC Capital and Novum Capital have made a strategic investment in AIVille, fueling the vision of a decentralized world where AI agents live, interact, and evolve autonomously. This support reinforces AIVille’s mission to build a self-sustaining AI-driven society and marks a new chapter in the integration of AI and Web3 technologies.

Why This Partnership Matters

AIVille is creating a digital town powered by intelligent agents that operate independently within a blockchain ecosystem. With this investment, the project will accelerate its development of autonomous AI systems, on-chain economic models, and community-driven governance. The two capital partners bring extensive resources and insight into Web3 scalability and digital economies.

Investor Highlights

ViaBTC Capital, under the ViaBTC Group, is known for its expertise in mining, infrastructure, and blockchain innovation. It provides capital, technology, and post-investment support to empower next-gen Web3 projects.

Novum Capital focuses on Web3 and gaming, supporting projects at the frontier of virtual economies and interactive ecosystems. Its strategic input will help AIVille expand user-centric design and immersive community features.

Upcoming Milestone: $AGT Season 1 Airdrop

AIVille is preparing for its Season 1 large-scale airdrop, distributing 1% of the total governance token supply ($AGT) to the community. This initiative reflects AIVille’s commitment to decentralization and empowers early contributors with real governance participation. Rather than a reward alone, it represents a deliberate transfer of ownership and voice to those helping shape the platform’s future.

About AIVille

AIVille is a decentralized digital society where AI-driven entities autonomously live, trade, farm, and evolve. With AI governance and a dynamic Web3 economy, AIVille fosters a self-sustaining environment where players and intelligent agents co-create the foundations of the next-gen virtual world.

Closing Thoughts

With the backing of ViaBTC Capital and Novum Capital, AIVille is poised to advance the frontiers of AI autonomy and decentralized infrastructure. As the platform scales, it aims to redefine how humans and AI collaborate in an open, trustless environment. The future of intelligent digital ecosystems is already taking shape.

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

Ist es wirklich so, dass Gendern für mehr Gleichberechtigung sorgt, für ein friedlicheres Miteinander? Abgesehen von den grammatikalischen Verirrungen, die sich dabei in die Sprache schleichen, darf die Frage erlaubt sein, warum ein Gemeinschaftsgefühl, das „Wir“ in immer kleinere Einheiten, auch sprachlich geteilt werden soll. Muss ich tatsächlich alle benennen?

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/gendern-die-sakralsprache-des?

Dann wäre das eine Liste von Namen. Verlese ich die nicht, sondern gendere mit Glottisschlag und allem was dazu gehört, unterteile ich ja doch in Gruppen. Und Gruppen haben zur Eigenart, dass es Zugehörigkeiten gibt und ausgeschlossen sein. So beginnt der Kampf. Zunächst war die Frau minderwertig, jetzt ist der Mann toxisch. Und was, wann zu wem, wie gesagt werden darf wird zum Spießrutenlauf. „Misgendern“ ist beispielsweise eine Wortneuschöpfungen, die eine Incorrectness der Sprache bezeichnet, die bis in die Strafbarkeit reichen will.

Einer, der von dieser rigide anmutenden Sprach-Religion getriggert wird, ist Gerald Ehegartner. Er ist Lehrer, Musiker, Theater- und Wildnispädagoge und Autor und nimmt sich immer wieder dem Gemeingut Sprache an. Heute mit einem Text, den er mit: „Gendern, die Sakralsprache des Wokeismus“ betitelt hat.

Sprecherin: Sabrina Khalil

@ bcbb3e40:a494e501

|| |:-:| |WAJDA, Andrzej; Cenizas y diamantes, 1958|

Presentamos una nueva reseña cinematográfica, y en esta ocasión hemos elegido «Cenizas y diamantes», una película polaca del célebre y prolífico director Andrzej Wajda (1926-2016), estrenada en el año 1958. Se trata de uno de los grandes clásicos del cine polaco. El filme refleja una etapa dramática desde la perspectiva histórica para la nación polaca, como es el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, a raíz de la capitulación alemana del 8 de mayo de 1945. El contexto en el que se desarrolla se ambienta en la celebración del final de la guerra con el aplastante triunfo de la URSS, con las tropas soviéticas ocupando toda la Europa oriental, y en particular Polonia, que vive un momento de oscuridad e incertidumbre. El protagonista, Maciek Chełmicki (interpretado magistralmente por Zbigniew Cybulski (1927-1967), apodado el «James Dean polaco»), es un joven nacionalista polaco, de orientación anticomunista, que se ve implicado en un complot urdido para asesinar a un líder comunista local. Maciek opera desde la clandestinidad, bajo el grupo Armia Krajowa (AK), el Ejército Nacional polaco, una organización de resistencia, primero contra los alemanes y, posteriormente, contra los soviéticos. Durante el metraje, se plantea una dicotomía permanente entre la libertad entendida como la defensa de la soberanía de Polonia, desde posturas nacionalistas, y quienes consideran la ocupación soviética como algo positivo. Estas circunstancias atrapan al protagonista, que se ve envuelto en una espiral de violencia y traición.

Maciek Chełmicki, nuestro protagonista, cuenta con todas las características del héroe trágico, pues tiene en sus manos una serie de acciones que comprometen el futuro de un pueblo, que consiste en cumplir la misión que le ha sido encomendada, pero en su camino se cruza una joven, Krystyna, una joven camarera de un hotel de la que se enamora en ese mismo día. Este último hecho sirve de punto de partida para todas las dudas, dilemas y dicotomías a las que hacemos referencia. Hay un dilema moral evidente en un mundo en ruinas, devastado por la guerra, la muerte y el nihilismo. En este sentido Wajda nos muestra un lenguaje cinematográfico muy evidente, a través de una técnica expresionista muy depurada, con el uso del blanco y negro, los contrastes generados por las sombras y la atmósfera opresiva que transmite angustia, desesperación y vulnerabilidad de los protagonistas. Además también destilan una fuerte carga emocional, donde no están exentos elementos poéticos y un poderoso lirismo.

|| |:-:| |Maciek Chełmicki, el protagonista.|

Hay elementos simbólicos que no podemos obviar, y que contribuyen a consolidar el análisis que venimos haciendo, como, por ejemplo, la estética del protagonista, con unas gafas oscuras, que actúan como una suerte de barrera frente al mundo que le rodea, como parte del anonimato tras el cual el joven Maciek vive de forma introspectiva su propio drama particular y el de toda una nación.

|| |:-:| |NITOGLIA, Curzio; En el mar de la nada: Metafísica y nihilismo a prueba en la posmodernidad; Hipérbola Janus, 2023|

Hay una escena especialmente poderosa, y casi mítica, en la que los dos jóvenes protagonistas, Maciek y Krystina, se encuentran entre las ruinas de una Iglesia, en la que se destaca en primer plano, ocupando buena parte de la pantalla, la imagen de un Cristo invertido sobre un crucifijo, donde también se encuentran dos cuerpos colgados hacia abajo en una estampa que refleja la devastación moral y espiritual de toda una época. De hecho, la imagen del crucifijo invertido refleja el máximo punto de subversión y profanación de lo sagrado, y que en el caso concreto de la película viene a representar la destrucción del orden moral y de valores cristianos que la propia guerra ha provocado. Polonia es una nación profundamente católica, convertida al Cristianismo en el 966 a raíz de la conversión del príncipe Miecislao I, contribuyendo de manera decisiva a la formación de la identidad nacional polaca. El catolicismo siempre ha sido un medio de cohesión y defensa frente a las influencias extranjeras y la ocupación de terceros países, una constante en la historia del país, como el que ilustra la propia película con la URSS. En este sentido, la imagen de una Iglesia en ruinas, el lugar donde se encuentra representado el principio de lo sagrado e inviolable, supone una forma de perversión de todo principio de redención y salvación frente a la tragedia, y al mismo tiempo viene a significar que la Tradición ha sido abandonada y pervertida. En la misma línea, el protagonista, Maciek, se encuentra atrapado en una espiral de violencia a través de sus actos terroristas perpetrados contra la autoridad soviética que ocupa su país. Los dos cuerpos anónimos que cuelgan boca abajo, de forma grotesca, también participan de este caos y desequilibrio de un orden dislocado, son parte de la deshumanización y el nihilismo que todo lo impregna.

|| |:-:| |Maciek y Krystina en una iglesia en ruinas|

Como ya hemos mencionado, la película se encuentra plagada de paradojas y dicotomías, en las que nuestro protagonista, el joven rebelde e inconformista, debe elegir permanentemente, en unas decisiones que resultan trascendentales para su futuro y el de la propia nación. La figura femenina que irrumpe en su vida, y que representa un principio disruptivo que provoca una fractura interior y una crisis, le suscita una toma de conciencia de su propia situación y le fuerza a tomar un camino entre la «felicidad», del «amor», la «esperanza» y la «vida», que le permita superar la deriva nihilista y autodestructiva de la lucha clandestina, la cual le aboca a un destino trágico (que no vamos a desentrañar para no hacer spoiler). En relación al propio título de la película, «Cenizas y diamantes», basada en el poema del poeta y dramaturgo polaco Cyprian Norwid (1821-1883) y en la novela del autor, también polaco, Jerzy Andrzejewski (1909-1983), nos destaca la dualidad de los dos elementos que lo componen, y que definen el contraste entre el mundo sombrío y oscuro (Cenizas) y la esperanza y la luz que representa susodicha figura femenina (diamantes). La segunda alternativa parece un imposible, una quimera irrealizable que se pliega ante un Destino implacable, irreversible y cruel.

En consecuencia, y a la luz de los elementos expuestos, podemos decir que se nos presentan dilemas propios de la filosofía existencialista, que conoce su punto álgido en esos años, con autores como Jean Paul Sartre (1905-1980), Albert Camus (1913-1960), Karl Jaspers (1883-1969) o Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) entre otros. Respecto a éste último, a Heidegger, podemos encontrar algunas claves interesantes a través de su filosofía en relación al protagonista, a Maciek, especialmente a través de la idea del Dasein, a la idea de haber sido arrojado al mundo (Geworfenheit), y la manera tan extrema y visceral en la que vive susodicha condición. Todos aquellos elementos que dan sentido a la vida colectiva se encuentran decaídos o destruidos en su esencia más íntima, la Patria, la religión o la propia idea de Comunidad orgánica. De modo que el protagonista se ha visto «arrojado» frente a una situación o destino indeseado, en unas coyunturas totalmente desfavorables en las que no queda otra elección. Sus decisiones están permanentemente condicionadas por la circunstancia descrita y, por tanto, vive en un mundo donde no controla nada, en lugar de ser sujeto es un mero objeto transportado por esas circunstancias ajenas a su voluntad. Sin embargo, y en coherencia con el Dasein heideggeriano, vemos como Maciek, a raíz de conocer a Krystyna, comienza a experimentar una catarsis interior, que muestra por momentos el deseo de superar ese «ser arrojado al mundo contra tu voluntad», trascendiendo esa condición absurda e irracional de unas decisiones enajenadas de su voluntad para dotar de una significación y un sentido la propia existencia.

|| |:-:| |Andrzej Wajda, el director de la película.|

Otro elemento característico de la filosofía heideggeriana lo podemos encontrar en la «angustia» (angst) a través de la ausencia de un sentido y fundamento último que justifique la existencia del protagonista. Es una angustia en a que el Dasein se enfrenta a la «nada», a ese vacío existencial que hace inútil toda la lucha que Maciek lleva a cabo en la clandestinidad, con asesinatos y actos de terrorismo que pretenden salvaguardar algo que ya no existe, y que simboliza muy bien la Iglesia en ruinas con sus símbolos religiosos invertidos de la que hablábamos con anterioridad. Recuerda un poco a esa dicotomía que se plantea entre ser conservador o reaccionario frente a una realidad como la del propio presente, en la que los valores tradicionales han sido totalmente destruidos, y más que conservar se impone la reacción para volver a construir de la nada.

|| |:-:| |Hipérbola Janus; Textos para la Tradición en tiempos del oscurecimiento: Artículos publicados entre 2014 y 2019 en hiperbolajanus.com; Hipérbola Janus, 2019|

Todas las dudas que asaltan al protagonista se ven incrementadas en el momento decisivo, cuando se dispone a dar muerte al líder comunista. Se produce una tensión interna en Maciek, que se encuentra ligado a la joven que ha conocido ese día, y en ella es donde encuentra ese leve destello de humanidad. Esa circunstancia le hace replantearse por un instante el cumplimiento de su misión, pero es un dilema que no tiene salida, y por ello le asalta nuevamente la angustia frente a esa «nada», ese mundo vacío e incomprensible que trasciende el marco de sus propias elecciones.

Uno de los conceptos centrales de Heidegger en Ser y tiempo es el Sein-zum-Tode (ser-para-la-muerte), la idea de que la muerte es la posibilidad más propia y definitiva del Dasein, y que enfrentarla auténticamente permite vivir de manera más plena. Y es que el protagonista se encuentra permanentemente sobre esa frontera entre la vida y la muerte, que afronta con todas sus consecuencias, conscientemente, y la acepta. Esta actitud podría leerse como una forma de Dasein inauténtico, una huida del ser-para-la-muerte mediante la distracción (das Man, el «se» impersonal). Sin embargo, su decisión de cumplir la misión sugiere un enfrentamiento final con esa posibilidad. Otro aspecto que podemos conectar con el pensamiento heideggeriano es la autenticidad o inautenticidad de la vida del protagonista. En relación a la inautenticidad vemos como al principio sigue las órdenes de sus superiores en la organización sin cuestionarlas, lo cual implica un comportamiento inequívocamente alienante. Respecto a aquello que resulta auténtico de su existencia son sus relaciones con Krystyna, que supone imponer su propia voluntad y decisión, mostrando un Dasein que asume su libertad.

|| |:-:| |Escena de la película.|

Otros aspectos más generales de la filosofía existencialista redundan sobre estos mismos aspectos, con la elección entre la libertad absoluta y la condena inevitable. La idea del hombre condenado a actuar, a una elección continua, aún cuando el hombre no es dueño de su destino, o las consecuencias de tales acciones son absurdas, irracionales e incomprensibles. El propio absurdo de la existencia frente al vacío y la ausencia de principios sólidos en los que cimentar la vida, no solo en sus aspectos cotidianos más básicos, sino en aquellos más profundos de la existencia. La soledad y la propia fatalidad frente a un Destino que, como ya hemos apuntado anteriormente, parece imponerse de manera irrevocable, y podríamos decir que brutalmente, al individuo aislado, incapaz de asirse en una guía, en unos valores que le permitan remontar la situación.

En términos generales «Cenizas y diamantes», además de ser una película de gran calidad en sus aspectos técnicos, en su fotografía, en la configuración de sus escenas y en el propio desarrollo argumental, bajo un guión espléndidamente ejecutado a lo largo de sus 98 minutos de duración, también nos invita a una reflexión profunda sobre la condición humana y la propia Modernidad. Y es algo que vemos en nuestros días, con las consecuencias de un pensamiento débil, con la promoción del individualismo, el hedonismo y lo efímero. La ausencia de estructuras sólidas, la subversión de toda forma de autoridad y jerarquía tradicionales. Paradójicamente, el mundo actual tiende a formas de poder y autoridad mucho más invasivas y coercitivas, tanto a nivel individual como colectivo, pero en la misma línea abstracta e impersonal que nos describe la película, abocándonos a la alienación y la inautenticidad de nuestras propias vidas. Y como Maciek, también nosotros, vivimos en un mundo dominado por la incertidumbre y la desesperanza, en el que el globalismo y sus perversas ideologías deshumanizantes actúan por doquier.

|| |:-:| |Carátula original de la película en polaco.|

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Artículo original: Hipérbola Janus, Reseña de «Cenizas y Diamantes» (Andrzej Wajda, 1958) (TOR), 31/Mar/2025

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El 7 de febrero de 2025, Donald Trump firmó una orden ejecutiva que establecía una «Oficina de la Fe» en la Casa Blanca, dirigida por su asesora espiritual Paula White-Cain, la pastora de esa «teología de la prosperidad» (prosperity theology) que predica el «Evangelio de la salud y la riqueza» (health and wealth gospel^1). Investida de su nueva función, la reverenda pastora dijo: «Tengo la autoridad para declarar a la Casa Blanca un lugar santo. Es mi presencia la que la santifica»[^2]. Los siete rabinos del «Sanedrín Naciente» —la corte suprema que guiará a Israel cuando se reconstruya el Templo de Jerusalén— enviaron conmovedoras felicitaciones al presidente Trump por el establecimiento de esta Oficina. «Expresamos nuestra sincera gratitud —se lee en el mensaje oficial enviado a Trump desde el Monte Sión— por llevar la fe a la vanguardia de la cultura estadounidense y mundial mediante el establecimiento de la Oficina de la Fe en la Casa Blanca. Su reconocimiento de la importancia de la religión en la vida pública es un paso hacia la restauración de los valores morales y del liderazgo espiritual en el mundo[^3]. La carta del «Sanedrín Naciente», que augura el éxito a la «misión divina» del presidente estadounidense, reproduce las dos caras de una «moneda del Templo», acuñada en 2017 para celebrar el traslado de la embajada estadounidense a Jerusalén y, simultáneamente, el centenario de la Declaración Balfour. En el anverso se ven los perfiles de Donald Trump y Ciro el Grande, a quien la tradición judía atribuye la reconstrucción del templo destruido por los babilonios, con la inscripción (en hebreo e inglés) «Cyrus —Balfour— Trump Declaration 1917-2017»; en el reverso está la imagen del Templo de Jerusalén[^4]. Otra moneda, que lleva los perfiles de Trump y Ciro en el anverso y los de Trump y Netanyahu en el reverso, fue acuñada en 2018 para celebrar el septuagésimo aniversario de la independencia del «Estado de Israel»; se observa dos inscripciones en hebreo e inglés: «Y Él me encargó construirle una casa en Jerusalén» y «Guerra de los Hijos de la Luz contra los Hijos de las Tinieblas».

El tema de la «guerra de los Hijos de la Luz contra los Hijos de las Tinieblas» ha tenido una difusión particular en el imaginario y la propaganda trumpista. El 7 de junio de 2020, monseñor Carlo Maria Viganò, ex nuncio de la Santa Sede en los Estados Unidos, escribió una carta al presidente Donald Trump que comenzaba así: «Estamos asistiendo en los últimos meses a la formación de dos bandos, que los definiría bíblicos: los hijos de la luz y los hijos de las tinieblas»[^5]. El 1 de enero de 2021, el agitprop estadounidense Steve Bannon declaró en una entrevista con Monseñor Viganò: «Esta es una batalla de época entre los hijos de la Luz y los hijos de las Tinieblas»[^6].

Son numerosos los judíos sionistas que están en el círculo del presidente Trump: además de su hija Ivanka (convertida en 2009) y su yerno Jared Kushner (entonces Consejero Anciano del Presidente), el 19 de noviembre de 2024 el «The Jerusalem Post»[^7] publicó una lista de los más influyentes: Stephen Miller, subdirector del staff de la Casa Blanca y consejero de Seguridad Nacional de Estados Unidos; David Melech Friedman, a quien en 2016 Trump nombró embajador en Israel; el multimillonario «filántropo» Steven Charles Witkoff, enviado especial de Estados Unidos a Oriente Medio; Miriam Adelson, directora del periódico «Israel Hayom», clasificada por Bloomberg Billionaires como la quinta mujer más rica del mundo (con un patrimonio neto de 32,400 millones de dólares), financiadora de iniciativas políticas conservadoras en Estados Unidos e Israel; el banquero Boris Epshteyn, consejero estratégico de la campaña presidencial de Trump en 2020; Howard Williams Lutnick, presidente de la Cantor Fitzgerald del Grupo BGC, financista de las campañas presidenciales de Donald Trump en 2020 y 2024, ahora secretario de Comercio; la modelo Elizabeth Pipko, portavoz nacional del Partido Republicano y creadora de un «museo interactivo virtual» sobre la «Shoah» como parte del proyecto de Lest People Forget, cuyo objetivo es combatir el «antisemitismo» y la «negacionismo»; Lee Michael Zeldin, miembro republicano de la Cámara de Representantes por el estado de Nueva York del 2015 al 2023 y actualmente administrador de la EPA (Environmental Protection Agency); la columnista Laura Elizabeth Loomer, «orgullosamente islamófoba», activa patrocinadora de Trump en la campaña para las elecciones presidenciales de 2024; Sidney Ferris Rosenberg, influyente presentador de radio y periodista deportivo; William Owen Scharf, Asistente del Presidente y secretario del personal de la Casa Blanca; Marc Jeffrey Rowan, «filántropo» con un patrimonio neto valorado por Forbes en ocho mil ochocientos millones de dólares.

Además de estos, cabe mencionar al popular presentador de radio Mark Levin quien, en diciembre de 2019, durante la celebración de la fiesta de Janucá en la Casa Blanca, saludó a Donald Trump como «el primer presidente judío de los Estados Unidos»[^8]. Según un funcionario de alto nivel de la Casa Blanca, Donald Trump se convirtió al judaísmo dos años antes en la sinagoga de la secta Jabad Lubavitch en la ciudad de Nueva York. David Elias Goldberg, miembro del Jewish Center of Antisemitic Study, también entrevistó al funcionario, para quien «Trump fue “instado” por su hija Ivanka y su yerno Jared Kushner para abrazar la fe. Inicialmente, Trump se habría mostrado reacio, considerando que esto podría enfriar el apoyo del electorado evangélico». Luego, informa «Israel Today News», «cambió de opinión y se convirtió oficialmente a principios de 2017. La ceremonia se llevó a cabo en privado y se guardó celosamente durante casi dos años»[^9]. Pero ya en septiembre de 2015, el rabino millonario Kirt Schneider, invitado a la Trump Tower de Nueva York, había impuesto sus manos sobre la cabeza de Donald Trump y lo había bendecido en hebreo e inglés, declarando: «Las únicas dos naciones que tienen una relación privilegiada con Dios son Israel y los Estados Unidos de América»[^10].

El 7 de octubre de 2024, en el aniversario de la operación de Hamas «Diluvio de Al-Aqsa», Trump fue acompañado por un «superviviente de la Shoah» a la tumba de Menachem Mendel Schneerson, séptimo y último Rabino de los Hasidim de la secta Jabad Lubavitch, que en 1991 declaró a sus seguidores: «He hecho todo lo posible para provocar el arribo del Mesías, ahora les paso a ustedes esta misión; hagan todo lo que puedan para que Él venga»^11. En relación al evento mesiánico, el eminente rabino Yekutiel Fish atribuyó una misión decisiva a Trump: «Todo el mundo está centrado en Gaza, pero esa es solo una parte de la agenda del fin de los tiempos, que tiene a los judíos viviendo en las fronteras profetizadas de Israel; la Torá incluye explícitamente a Gaza. Lo que Trump está haciendo es limpiar Gaza de todos los odiadores de Israel. No podrán estar en Israel después de la venida del Mesías. (...) Esto incluirá a Gaza, la mitad del Líbano y gran parte de Jordania. Y vemos que casi lo hemos logrado. Siria cayó. Líbano está medio destruido. Gaza está destrozada. El escenario está casi listo para el Mesías. Pero, ¿cómo pueden los palestinos estar aquí cuando vayamos a recibir al Mesías? El Mesías necesita que alguien se ocupe de esto, y en este caso, es Donald Trump. Trump está simplemente llevando a cabo las tareas finales necesarias antes de que el Mesías sea revelado»[^12].

Esta inspiración escatológica está presente en las palabras de Pete Brian Hegseth, el pintoresco exponente del «Reconstruccionismo Cristiano»[^13] a quien Trump nombró secretario de Defensa. En un discurso pronunciado en 2019 en el Hotel Rey David de Jerusalén, con motivo de la conferencia anual del canal Arutz Sheva (Israel National News), Hegseth enalteció el «vínculo eterno» entre Israel y Estados Unidos, y enumeró los «milagros» que atestiguan el «apoyo divino» a la causa sionista, el último de los cuales será la reconstrucción del Templo judío en la zona donde actualmente se encuentra la mezquita de al-Aqsa: «La dignidad de capital adquirida por Jerusalén —dijo— fue un milagro, y no hay razón por la cual no sea posible el milagro de la restauración del Templo en el Monte del Templo».[^14]

Es conocido que el fundamentalismo evangélico pro-sionista[^15] comparte con el judaísmo la creencia en que la construcción del tercer Templo de Jerusalén marcará el comienzo de la era mesiánica; cuando la administración Trump trasladó la embajada de Estados Unidos a Jerusalén en 2017, Laurie Cardoza-Moore, exponente del evangelismo sionista, saludó así la «obediencia de Trump a la Palabra de Dios» en «Haaretz»: «Al establecer la Embajada en Jerusalén, el presidente Donald Trump está implementando una de las iniciativas históricas de dimensión bíblica en su presidencia. Al igual que muchos judíos en Israel y en todo el mundo, los cristianos reconocen el vínculo de los judíos con la Biblia a través del nombre de Jerusalén como la capital del antiguo Israel, así como el sitio del Primer y Segundo Templos. Según los profetas Ezequiel, Isaías y el apóstol Juan del Nuevo Testamento, todos los israelíes esperan la reconstrucción del Tercer Templo»[^16]. El 22 de mayo del mismo año, Donald Trump, acompañado de su esposa Melania, de su hija Ivanka y su yerno Jared Kushner, fue el primer presidente de los Estados Unidos en ejercicio en acudir al Muro de las Lamentaciones, anexionado ilegalmente a la entidad sionista.

En 2019, la administración Trump confirmó la posición de Estados Unidos al enviar en visita oficial para Jerusalén a Mike Pompeo, un secretario de Estado que —ironía de la Historia— lleva el mismo nombre del general romano que asaltó la ciudad en el año 63 a.C. «Por primera vez en la historia, un secretario de Estado norteamericano visitó la Ciudad Vieja de Jerusalén en compañía de un alto político israelí. Fue una visita histórica que reforzó las expectativas israelíes y constituyó un reconocimiento tácito de la soberanía israelí sobre el sitio del Monte del Templo y la Explanada de las Mezquitas. (…) Mike Pompeo, acompañado por el primer ministro Benjamin Netanyahu y el embajador de Estados Unidos en Israel, David Friedman, también visitó el túnel del Muro de las Lamentaciones y la sinagoga ubicada bajo tierra, en el presunto lugar del santuario del Templo[^17], donde se le mostró una maqueta del futuro Templo[^18]. En el transcurso de una entrevista concedida durante la fiesta del Purim (que celebra el exterminio de la clase política persa, ocurrido hace 2500 años), el secretario de Estado insinuó que «el presidente Donald Trump puede haber sido enviado por Dios para salvar al pueblo judío y que confiaba en que aquí el Señor estaba obrando»[^19].

Como observa Daniele Perra, en este mismo número de «Eurasia», el «mito movilizador» del Tercer Templo, atribuible a los «mitos teológicos» señalados por Roger Garaudy como mitos fundadores de la entidad sionista, «atribuye al judaísmo una especie de función sociológica de transmisión y proyección del conflicto palestino-israelí hacia el resto del mundo y confiere una inspiración apocalíptica al momento geopolítico actual».

|Info|| |:-|:-| |Autor| Claudio Mutti | |Fuente| I "Figli della Luce" alla Casa Bianca | |Fecha| 8/Mar/2025 | |Traducción| Francisco de la Torre |

[^2]: The White House, President Trump announces appointments to the White House Faith Office https://www.whitehouse.gov,, 7 de febrero de 2025; Trump establece la Oficina de la Fe con una foto de «La Última Cena» | Fue dirigida por la controvertida predicadora Paula White, https://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it, 10 de febrero de 2025.

[^3]: «We extend our heartfelt gratitude for bringing faith to the forefront of American and global culture through the establishment of the Faith Office in the White House. Your recognition of the importance of religion in public life is a step toward restoring moral values and spiritual leadership in the world» (Letter from the Nascent Sanhedrin to President Donald J. Trump, Jerusalem, Wednesday, February 12, 2025).

[^4]: Israeli group mints Trump coin to honor Jerusalem recognition, «The Times of Israel», https://www.timesofisrael.com, 28-2-2018.

[^5]: Mons. Viganò — Siamo nella battaglia tra figli della luce e figli delle tenebre, https://www.italiador.com, 7-6-2020

[^6]: TRANSCRIPT: Steve Bannon’s ‘War Room’ interview with Abp. Viganò, lifesitenews.com, 4-1-2021. Sulle origini e sulla fortuna di questo tema cfr. C. Mutti, Le sètte dell’Occidente, «Eurasia», 2/2021, pp. 12-15. (https://www.eurasia-rivista.com/las-sectas-de-occidente/)

[^7]: Luke Tress, The who’s who of Jews in Trump’s inner circle?, «The Jerusalem Post», https://www.jpost.com, 19-11-2024.

[^8]: Radio Talk Show Host Mark Levin Calls President Trump «the First Jewish President of the United States», https://www.c-span.org, 11-12-2019.

[^9]: «However, he had a change of heart and officially converted in early 2017. The ceremony was held in private, and closely guarded for nearly two years» (Donald Trump converted to Judaism two years ago, according to White House official, https://israeltodaynews.blogspot.com/2019/02).

[^10]: «El rabino Kirt Schneider (...) es un millonario judío, una figura televisiva de los “judíos mesiánicos”. Sus emisiones televisivas semanales son emitidas por más de treinta canales cristianos en unos doscientos países; entre ellos, los canales “Yes” y “Hot” en Israel. Solo en Estados Unidos, sus emisiones atraen a 1.600.000 telespectadores cada semana. Kirt Schneider dirige un imperio de telecomunicaciones que tiene un millón y medio de seguidores en Facebook, X (antes Twitter) y YouTube» (Pierre-Antoine Plaquevent — Youssef Hindi, El milenarismo teopolítico de Israel, Edizioni all'insegna del Veltro, Parma 2025, p. 31).

[^12]: «Everyone is focused on Gaza, but that is only one part of the end-of-days agenda, which has the Jews living in Israel’s prophesied borders. The Torah explicitly includes Gaza. What Trump is doing is cleaning out Gaza of all the haters of Israel. They cannot be in Israel after the Messiah comes. (…) This will include Gaza, half of Lebanon, and much of Jordan. And we see that we are almost there. Syria fell. Lebanon is half gone. Gaza is ripped up. The stage is nearly set for Messiah. But how can the Palestinians be here when we go to greet the Messiah? The Messiah needs someone to take care of this, and in this case, it is Donald Trump. Trump is merely carrying out the final tasks needed before Messiah is revealed» (Adam Eliyahu Berkowitz, Trump’s Gaza Plan is «The Final task before Messiah», https://israel365news.com, 5-2-2025).

[^13]: «A day after Hegseth was announced for the Cabinet position, Brooks Potteiger, a pastor within the Communion of Reformed Evangelical Churches (CREC), posted on X that Hegseth is a member of the church in good standing. The CREC, a denomination of Christian Reconstructionism, is considered by some academics to be an extremist, Christian supremacist movement» (Shannon Bond e altri, What’s behind defense secretary pick Hegseth’s war on ‘woke’, https://www.npr.org, 14-11-2024.

[^14]: «The decoration of Jerusalem as a capital was a miracle, and there is no reason why the miracle of the re-establishment of Temple on the Temple Mount is not possible» (Pete Hegseth at Arutz Sheva Conference, youtube.com). Cfr. Daniele Perra, Paleotrumpismo, neotrumpismo e post-trumpismo, in: AA. VV., Trumpismo, Cinabro Edizioni, Roma 2025, pp. 22-23.

[^15]: Pierre-Antoine Plaquevent — Youssef Hindi, El milenarismo teopolítico de Israel, cit., págs. 82 a 96.

[^16]: «We American Christians Welcome Trump’s Obedience to God’s Word on Jerusalem», «Haaretz», 6-12-2017.

[^17]: Pierre-Antoine Plaquevent — Youssef Hindi, El milenarismo teopolítico de Israel, cit., pág. 97.

[^18]: Pompeo en visite historique au mur Occidental aux côtés de Netanyahu et Friedman, «The Times of Israel», https://fr.timesofisrael.com, 21-3-2019.

[^19]: Pompeo says Trump may have been sent by God to save Jews from Iran, «The Times of Israel», 22-3-2019.

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Artículo original: Claudio Mutti, Los «hijos de la luz» en la Casa Blanca (TOR), 25/Mar/2025

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Der Deutsche Bundestag wurde neu gewählt. Für einige Abgeordnete und Regierungsmitglieder heißt es Time to Say Goodbye. Abschied ist ein scharfes Schwert. Auch bei Radio München werden Trennungs- und Verlassenheitsgefühle getriggert. Umso mehr, wenn es sich nicht nur um duselige Allerweltsliebe handelt, sondern um den Abgang großer Helden.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/nachruf-3-christian-der-wachstumliche

Sie bezahlten ihren todesmutigen und fast ehrenamtlichen Einsatz nicht mit dem Leben, jedoch mit der einen oder anderen Falte in Hemd oder Bluse, manchmal sogar im Gesicht. Was bleibt? Eine bescheidene Pension? Ein lausig bezahlter Manager-Job in einem Konzern? Wir wollen jedenfalls nicht, dass diese Volkshelden vom Zahn der Zeit abgenagt, vergessen werden und setzen ihnen deshalb ein bescheidenes akustisches, aber nachhaltiges Denkmal. Hören Sie die kleine satirische Reihe „Nachrufe“ von unserem Autor Jonny Rieder.

Folge 3: Christian der Wachstümliche

Sprecher: Karsten Troyke

Bild: Markus Mitterer für Radio München

Radio München

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Der Deutsche Bundestag wurde neu gewählt. Für einige Abgeordnete und Regierungsmitglieder heißt es Time to Say Goodbye. Abschied ist ein scharfes Schwert. Auch bei Radio München werden Trennungs- und Verlassenheitsgefühle getriggert. Umso mehr, wenn es sich nicht nur um duselige Allerweltsliebe handelt, sondern um den Abgang großer Helden.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/nachruf-4-annalena-die-volkerballerina-eine-satire-von-jonny-rieder?

Sie bezahlten ihren todesmutigen und fast ehrenamtlichen Einsatz nicht mit dem Leben, jedoch mit der einen oder anderen Falte in Hemd oder Bluse, manchmal sogar im Gesicht. Was bleibt? Eine bescheidene Pension? Ein lausig bezahlter Manager-Job in einem Konzern? Wir wollen jedenfalls nicht, dass diese Volkshelden vom Zahn der Zeit abgenagt, vergessen werden und setzen ihnen deshalb ein bescheidenes akustisches, aber nachhaltiges Denkmal. Hören Sie die kleine satirische Reihe „Nachrufe“ von unserem Autor Jonny Rieder.

Folge 4: Annalena die Völkerballerina

Sprecher: Karsten Troyke

Bild: Markus Mitterer für Radio München

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Es sind immer die gleichen Mechanismen: Die Faktoren Zeitdruck und Angst machen enorm viele Menschen gefügig. 500 Milliarden Euro für Infrastruktur und den sogenannten Klimaschutz, 400 Milliarden für die Bundeswehr – also fast eine Billion Euro Schulden, innerhalb von weniger als vier Wochen nach der Wahl mit Winkelzügen den Bundesbürgern auferlegt.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/es-lebe-die-freiheit-verdammt?

Wahlversprechen oder Parteiprogramme, das auf keinen Fall zu tun, sind Makulatur. Keine Diskussion über einen Haushalt, keine Diskussion über die Notwendigkeiten und schon sind Fragen anhängig, ob die Aufträge, die nun vergeben werden, nach den rechtmäßigen Ausschreibungskriterien vonstatten gehen, oder ob auch bei diesen unvorstellbaren Summen die Spezlwirtschaft im Land fortgeführt wird.

Wo ist der Wille des Volkes geblieben? Wo die Freiheit, tatsächlich über unser Leben und Wirtschaften zu entscheiden?

Der Autor, Wirtschafts- und Finanzexperte Andreas Geltinger schaut auf die einstigen Ideen wirtschaftlichen Handelns und analysiert, womit wir es jetzt zu tun haben.

Sprecher: Karsten Troyke.

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Kartografiert, aufgekauft, betoniert, beschildert. Wo ist die Freiheit? Wo ist Platz zum Erforschen im Nicht-Definierten? Also wo sind die Erfahrungsräume, die sich von Generation zu Generation üblicherweise immer wieder die Jugend erobert, um darin zu wachsen und zu reifen?

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/abwartend-skeptisch-von-kenneth-anders

Perspektivwechsel: Wo sind eigentlich die Jugendlichen abgeblieben, die nach diesen Räumen Ausschau halten? Sie bewegen sich in „Spaces“. Seit Corona staatlich verordnet, suchen sie auf flachen Bildschirmen, in einer artifiziellen Welt, ihren Horizont zu erweitern.

Der Kulturwissenschaftler Kenneth Anders hat sich auf Spurensuche bei Jugendlichen auf dem Land gemacht. Hören Sie sein Resumée mit dem Titel „Abwartend skeptisch“.

Nachzulesen ist der Beitrag auf der Webseite: oderamazonas.de

Sprecherin: Sabrina Khalil

Bild: KI

www.radiomuenchen.net/​\ @radiomuenchen\ www.facebook.com/radiomuenchen\ www.instagram.com/radio_muenchen/\ twitter.com/RadioMuenchen

Radio München ist eine gemeinnützige Unternehmung.\ Wir freuen uns, wenn Sie unsere Arbeit unterstützen.

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|| |:-:| |MISSIAGGIA, Pietro; Jean Thiriart, el caballero euroasiático y la Joven Europa; Hipérbola Janus, 2025|

Desde nuestros inicios los autores y temáticas relacionadas con la geopolítica nos han procurado atención e interés por parte del gran público y de los mass media, y no hay más que recordar el efecto que han venido teniendo nuestras obras de Aleksandr Duguin, en especial La geopolítica de Rusia y Proyecto Eurasia: teoría y praxis, sobre todo a raíz de nuestra presentación en Casa de Rusia en un ya lejano 2016, con la inestimable colaboración de Jordi de la Fuente como prologuista, trabajo que siempre reivindicamos desde nuestros medios por el prestigio, la calidad y brillantez de exposición del mismo.

Más allá de las obras del prestigioso y afamado filósofo y politólogo ruso, también hemos realizado otras incursiones en esta vertiente, que podríamos llamar «geopolítica alternativa», introduciendo las obras de otros notables autores como Claudio Mutti, Carlo Terracciano o Boris Nad. Con estos autores hemos tratado de profundizar en esa vía que se opone frontalmente, y radicalmente si se quiere, a los planteamientos derivados de la geopolítica atlantista y liberal que tiene su principal polo en Estados Unidos, haciendo especial hincapié en el subyugamiento que vienen ejerciendo desde 1945 en adelante respecto a una Europa convertida en un protectorado en una mera colonia.

Es por este motivo por el que la publicación de Jean Thiriart, el caballero euroasiático y la Joven Europa nos parece una obra totalmente pertinente en estos momentos, forma parte del desarrollo lógico de la línea editorial en la que estamos encauzados desde nuestros inicios, y viene a representar una de las múltiples vías en las que confluye la idea, profundamente schmittiana, de la política de los grandes espacios. En este caso la idea de una Europa unida, bajo un vasto proyecto que traspasa los estrechos límites del continente concebido como un apéndice más del «Occidente», de ese subproducto ideológico decadente y funcional a los intereses del otro lado del Atlántico. Para comprender la idea de una Europa unida, que comprenda a Rusia, y su enorme extensión territorial a lo largo de 17 millones de kilómetros cuadrados, y la importancia estratégica de su ubicación, es necesario recurrir al legado de Jean Thiriart, conocer su obra, pero también al hombre, pues una no se comprende sin el otro, en este caso hablamos de elementos correlativos.

|| |:-:| |Jean Thiriart (1922-1992)|

¿Pero quién fue Jean Thiriart? Esta obra nos permite adentrarnos en aspectos biográficos, algunos de ellos poco conocidos para el gran público de habla hispana, y saber de su trayectoria, de la maduración de sus ideas, de su proyecto político y de las etapas que componen el desarrollo del mismo y que aparecen claramente diferenciadas: hablamos del proyecto político de unidad europea, que alcanza su concreción teórica en ¡Arriba Europa!: Una Europa unida: un imperio de 400 millones de hombres (1965, Editorial Mateu, Barcelona), en pleno apogeo de la organización Jeune Europe, que se convirtió en el órgano político a partir del cual creyó poder implementar su proyecto unitario a escala europeo, manteniendo una posición de independencia respecto a los dos pretendidos bloques antagónicos de Guerra Fría: Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética. En esa época, estamos hablando del ecuador de los años 60, todo el mundo de la Contracultura, falsamente contestatario, estaba articulando su propio discurso, que tendría su expresión más nítida a través del ya conocido Mayo del 68 francés o la Primavera de Praga, durante el mismo año. Y si el movimiento de Nueva Derecha liderado por Alain de Benoist surgiría en lo sucesivo, ya en la década de los años 70, como una «reacción» frente a la «rebelión contracultural», no podemos obviar la importancia de un movimiento político como Jeune Europe, una organización política transnacional, a escala de la Europa occidental, con sus diferentes delegaciones en países como Francia, Italia, Alemania, la propia España además de, como es obvio, Bélgica, país de origen de nuestro autor.

Jean Thiriart ha sido etiquetado con reiteración como un político y teórico de «extrema derecha», se han hecho numerosos discursos interesados para vincularlo, por cuestiones de orden biográfico muy circunscritas a determinado periodo, con el fascismo y el nacionalsocialismo de entreguerras. Sin embargo, y como el lector podrá descubrir a lo largo de la presente obra, el pensamiento de nuestro autor está muy lejos de ser reducible a meras etiquetas, y en ningún caso mostró las filiaciones que se le atribuyen desde posicionamientos ideológicos, sino que, muy al contrario, vemos a un hombre de pensamiento racional y pragmático, poderosamente influenciado por la geopolítica y abierto a alianzas estratégicas más variadas, más allá de todo fundamentalismo ideológico. Es por este motivo que veremos a un Thiriart buscando sinergias y entendimiento entre círculos de izquierdas, antiimperialistas en una lucha concebida como «cuatricontinental». No en vano, muchos de los cuadros políticos que se formaron en Giovane Europa, la rama italiana, terminaron por militar incluso en organizaciones de extrema izquierda de inspiración maoísta. En el caso de España hubo un notable apoyo a la organización por parte de los falangistas más disidentes. De manera que Jean Thiriart representa una figura política compleja, con influencias variadas, que van desde los hermanos Strasser, pasando por Ernst Niekish o Vilfredo Pareto, e incluso, por Sieyès o Robespierre.

Es a partir de Jeune Europe cuando el nacionalismo europeo, la idea de una Europa unida desde Brest a Bucarest toma cuerpo. En la obra mencionada con anterioridad (¡Arriba Europa!: Una Europa unida: un imperio de 400 millones de hombres) Jean Thiriart ya nos presenta a través de unos trazos muy definidos el proyecto del comunitarismo nacional-europeo, la piedra angular de su proyecto político. La idea de un socialismo aristocrático y europeo, trascendiendo las fronteras del Estado-nación liberal decimonónico, y los particularismos nacionales, concebidos como formas obsoletas y «estrechas de miras», obstáculos a superar en la convergencia del Imperio europeo. Porque vemos a un Thiriart que potencia la estructura del Estado, del aparato de poder, tratando de potenciar, y restaurar naturalmente, el papel y la preponderancia de Europa como espacio de civilización en el mundo. Es un nacionalismo europeo que viene determinado por razones puramente geopolíticas, algo que también fue objeto de críticas, concretamente por parte del geopolítico austriaco Heinrich von Lohausen, y que también recogemos en el presente volúmen de la obra.

|| |:-:| |Ejemplar de una de las publicaciones más importantes de Joven Europa (Jeune Europe) cuya portada refleja el antiamericanismo y antiimperialismo característicos del nacionalismo europeo de la organización.|

En este sentido, Thiriart no andaba nada desencaminado, en la medida que pensaba que solo los Estados de dimensiones continentales podrían ser capaces de defender su independencia y soberanía, y ejercer un poder en el mundo, frente a los antiguos nacionalismos europeos, totalmente anacrónicos y un factor de ruptura y desintegración del potencial europeo. En este contexto, se hace necesario eliminar el orden establecido en Yalta en 1945, que convierte a Europa en un vasallo de las grandes potencias vencedoras de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. De modo que luchar contra la ocupación estadounidense por un lado, y soviética por otro lado, fuese el principal leitmotiv del Partido Revolucionario Europeo, un partido histórico señala Thiriart, encargado de llevar a término la acción unificadora continental. Y es con este propósito con el que se tratan de concertar una serie de alianzas internacionales que llevó a Thiriart y su organización a tratar con personal diplomático y gubernamental de los países árabes no alineados, del régimen de Fidel Castro o incluso con emisarios del gobierno chino, como ocurrió en el famoso encuentro propiciado por Ceaucescu en Bucarest con Zhou En-Lai.

Quizás, uno de los puntos donde más desacuerdos encontramos con las teorías thiriartianas se encuentra en ciertos fundamentos que la articulan, en un modelo racionalista, materialista y pragmático, de hecho no debemos olvidar que Maquiavelo era uno de sus referentes, y con éste la posterior hornada de autores neomaquiavélicos como Vilfredo Pareto. El excesivo pragmatismo de sus planteamientos, un estatalismo exacerbado y sin concesiones a las particularidades de los pueblos, una suerte de centralismo jacobino, y la ausencia de un elemento trascendente capaz de dar una justificación metafísica a todo el proyecto nacional europeo constituyen, en nuestra opinión, una parte discutible y reformulable.

En otro terreno, como pueda ser el puramente económico, encontramos un proyecto anticapitalista en muchos de sus aspectos, frente al democratismo parlamentario liberal, y apoyándose en las teorías económicas de Johann G. Fichte o Friedrich List, rechazando cualquier organización económica transnacional que pueda mediatizar o convertir a Europa en objeto de sus actividades usurocráticas y depredatorias, colocando la soberanía e independencia económica europea en una de las máximas prioridades en este terreno.

Debemos destacar, porque es un elemento de debate especialmente interesante, el apartado del libro que se corresponde al escrito de Luc Michel, publicado en Italia bajo el título Da Jeune Europe alle Brigate Rosse, en el libro Parte II Historia de Jeune Europe (1962-1969), en el que se detallan las colaboraciones que comenzaron a sucederse entre la militancia de la delegación italiana, Giovane Europa, y círculos de extrema izquierda maoísta, y cómo muchos de los antiguos militantes nacional-europeos terminaron militando en organizaciones de esta facción ideológica, y nos referimos a casos tan representativos en la época como Claudio Orsoni o Pino Bolzano entre otros muchos.

La actividad proselitista de Jeune Europe en el último lustro de la década de los años 60, con la fundación del Partido Comunitario Europeo, nos legó una gran cantidad de publicaciones, entre las cuales destacaron La Nation Européenne, La Nazione Europea o Europa Combattente, cuyas portadas han servido para ilustrar las páginas interiores de nuestra obra, y que procuraron una actividad proselitista y de difusión de ideas que llegaron a imprimir semanal y mensualmente varios miles de ejemplares en Francia o en Italia.

Tras agotar todas las vías posibles de alianzas y convergencias, con encuentros poco afortunados, vemos a un Thiriart que prefiere adoptar otras vías para seguir construyendo el proyecto nacional-europeo más allá de la fórmula activista y del partido político. Este es el motivo por el cual, en los siguientes años, ya en la última etapa de su vida, veremos esa transición del político activista al teórico y al ideólogo como parte de una nueva estrategia dentro del proyecto político al que consagró buena parte de su vida, y es un hecho que comienza a apreciarse desde mediados de los años 70. Durante esta época la «Europa de Brest a Bucarest» se transforma y amplía en una «Europa desde Dublín a Vladivostok». Thiriart aborda ya abiertamente la integración del espacio soviético en una Europa unida que abarca un inmenso espacio territorial, capaz de unir el Océano Atlántico y el Océano Pacífico de un extremo a otro, el «Imperio Eurosoviético». No obstante, Thiriart siempre piensa en términos geopolíticos, y considera que este proceso de integración debe llevarse a cabo desde una revisión de la ideología soviética, desde una marcada desmarxistización de su socialismo, purgado de todo dogmatismo y elementos condicionantes derivados de la teoría del Estado formulada por el marxismo-leninismo para tomar en su lugar aquella de Thomas Hobbes.

A partir de este momento solamente hay un enemigo, el que representa el poder estadounidense y el dominio que éste ejerce sobre la Europa occidental. A partir de ese momento la URSS, bajo las premisas apuntadas por Thiriart, y desde una ideología soviética «desmarxistizada», es la que debe asumir el proyecto de integración europea. Todo este enfoque terminará conociendo su colofón final al final de la vida de Jean Thiriart, cuando éste se encuentre ya en sus último año de vida, en 1992, con una Unión Soviética ya periclitada y disuelta, con un país sumido en una crisis económica, política y social bajo el gobierno decadente de Yeltsin, con un poder notablemente menguado y a merced de las potencias extranjeras y las apetencias de las organizaciones financieras transnacionales. En este contexto tendrá lugar el conocido viaje de Jean Thiriart a Moscú, donde se encontrará, además de con la disidencia de Yeltsin, encabezada por el Partido Comunista dirigido por Gennadij Ziuganov y numerosas personalidades públicas del ámbito ruso, entre las que destacará por encima de todos el filósofo y politólogo Aleksandr Duguin, quien en la presente obra también reivindica la figura del belga como un contribuidor directo del pensamiento euroasiático. Además de medios de prensa, políticos e intelectuales rusos, nuestro autor también compartirá espacio con una pequeña delegación de la revista italiana «Orion», especializada en temática geopolítica, y representada por el padre de la geopolítica italiana, Carlo Terracciano. El encuentro no tendrá mayores consecuencias, y vendrá a significar el último acto de servicio de Jean Thiriart en su denodado esfuerzo por lograr la integración de Europa y Rusia en un poderoso bloque geopolítico capaz de hacer frente a la hegemonía estadounidense en el mundo.

Terminaremos este breve y sintético escrito de presentación con un fragmento de la obra que Jean Thiriart publicó en 1965 bajo el título ¡Arriba Europa!: Una Europa unida: un imperio de 400 millones de hombres, que nos parece de lo más adecuado para poner el punto final al presente texto:

Europa, este MILAGRO en la historia del hombre, este milagro que siguió al milagro griego, ha dado vida, con la prodigiosa fecundidad de su civilización irrepetible, a una cultura adoptada por el mundo entero. En la competencia surgida entre las grandes civilizaciones —occidental, india, china y japonesa— la nuestra ha aplastado a las demás.

La civilización es creadora de cultura. La cultura, en cambio, jamás ha creado civilización.

SOLO Europa posee la civilización; de ahí deriva su supremacía sobre los Estados Unidos y la Rusia comunista, que poseen únicamente la cultura nacida de nuestra civilización, como ha demostrado magistralmente Oswald Spengler.

Esta cultura, separada de su civilización, está condenada a la esterilidad, la cual se manifestará primero mediante una esclerosis y, posteriormente, mediante un retorno a la barbarie.

Políticamente dominada por Moscú o por Washington, la civilización europea se ve asfixiada y corre el riesgo de estancarse en su estado de simple cultura. Basta notar que todos los descubrimientos en el campo nuclear y astronáutico son obra de europeos. Todos buscan a los científicos europeos.

Solo una Europa políticamente unida puede proveer los medios de poder que garantizarán las condiciones históricas indispensables para la supervivencia de esta civilización.

Ninguna otra potencia, por otra parte, podría sustituir a Europa en su misión hacia la humanidad.

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Artículo original: Hipérbola Janus, Presentación de «Jean Thiriart, el caballero euroasiático y la Joven Europa», de Pietro Missiaggia (TOR), 18/Mar/2025

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21 Monate, also fast zwei Jahre verbringt Johanna Findeisen bereits in Untersuchungshaft. Trägt sie reichsbürgerliche Ideen mit sich? Oder hat sie Straftaten geplant? Es ist ein Fall im sogenannten „Reichsbürgerprozess“. Mit diesem beschäftigt sich einer ihrer Anwälte Prof. Martin Schwab. Bei den Prozessen, so der Jurist, gehe es eher um Gesinnungsfragen.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/liebe-johanna-offener-brief-in-die-jva-frankfurt-von-jurgen-fliege

Fakten zu Straftaten, auch geplanten, seien nicht aufzufinden. Und eine Untersuchungshaft für die Aufdeckung einer möglicherweise falschen Gesinnung – die Johanna Findeisen vehement bestreitet - ist in unserem Rechtssystem nicht vorgesehen. Dennoch sind die Termine für diese Untersuchungen bereits bis 2026 anberaumt.

Das soll aber heute nicht unser Thema sein. Es geht um die Untersuchungshaft selbst. Prof. Martin Schwab ist in regelmäßigem, telefonischen Kontakt mit Johanna Findeisen und stellt dort Verhältnisse fest, die den Tatbestand der Folter erfüllen. Kein Mensch, selbst der Verurteilte, darf in seiner Menschenwürde herabgesetzt werden. Nun wird der Fall Johanna Findeisen bislang lediglich untersucht. Wie kann also sein, dass sie im Transport zum Gericht gefesselt wird? Warum wurde sie bei ihrer Rückkehr körperinvasiv untersucht? Was übrigens nach einem öffentlichkeitswirksamen Antrag ans Oberlandesgericht erfolgreich unterbunden wurde. Warum wird ihre Post zurückgehalten? Warum durfte sie, bei zwei Stunden Besuchszeit im Monat, ihren Angehörigen nur hinter einer Scheibe begegnen? Warum wird sie, ohne Morgentoilette, abgeholt und in eine fensterlose Zelle ins Gericht gebracht, wo sie zwei Stunden bis zum Gerichtstermin ausharren muss? Und warum wird die fiebernde Johanna, bei Minusgraden und offener Türe gezwungen, sich nackt auszuziehen, sich zur Wand zu drehen und sich einer erniedrigenden Leibesvisitation zu stellen?

Auch dem Pfarrer und Autor Jürgen Fliege geht dieser Fall nah und fragte sich, was Johanna Findeisen, neben einer guten Verteidigung gebrauchen könnte und er ihr geben: Beistand! Hören Sie seinen offenen Brief an die Inhaftierte.

Sprecherin: Sabrina Khalil.

Wer sich gegen die – in einzelnen Haftanstalten – untragbaren Zustände, gegen die dortigen Menschenrechtsverletzungen engagieren möchte, kann das beispielsweise auf der Webseite www.folter-nein-danke.eu tun.

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„Das ist ein netter alter Onkel, der sich bemüht, der Welt Gutes zu tun“, antwortete Anfang 2021 der Sohn einer Freundin auf ihre Frage, was Bill Gates mit der Pandemie zu tun haben könnte. Ich erinnere mich, damals wurde man als Verschwörungstheoretiker tituliert, und zwar maximal abwertend, wenn man allein den Namen ins Spiel brachte. Es ist wirklich Zeit, sich wieder für das Ansehen der Verschwörungstheorie einzusetzen, denn ohne sie wird kein einziger Kriminalfall aufgedeckt, der von mehr als einer Person durchgeführt wurde.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/im-epizentrum-der-corona-connection-von-milosz-matuschek-teil-3-der-corona-connection

Kommen wir zum dritten Teil der Reihe „Corona-Connection“ von Milosz Matuschek in dem er sich in deren Epizentrum begibt. Bill Gates, der undemokratisch zu Macht gekommene, selbsternannte Philanthrop, gehört zu den Hauptfiguren der USAID, der United States Agency for International Development. Matuschek geht hier auf das Geschäftsmodell des Philanthrokapitalismus ein.

Sabrina Khalil hat seinen Text gelesen. Diesen und die zwei ersten Folgen finden Sie auf Matuscheks Seite: Freischwebende Intelligenz.

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|| |:-:| |BÉRARD, Bruno y LA FATA, Aldo; ¿Qué es el esoterismo?: Entre verdades y falsificacioines; Hipérbola Janus, 2025|

Nos complace presentar al lector en lengua española una novedad de primer orden, y sobre un tema que viene siendo objeto de interés por parte de nuestra línea editorial, como es el esoterismo, que hemos abordado recientemente a través de un nuevo recopilatorio de la obra evoliana en Ensayos filosóficos, esotéricos y religiosos 1925-1931, donde hemos tratado de rescatar los textos de las primeras etapas en la formulación del pensamiento del Maestro Romano. No obstante, no es la primera aventura que hemos emprendido en este terreno, siempre complejo y acompañado de la etiqueta, popular y quizás vulgarizada, de lo «misterioso» y lo «oculto», aunque no somos nada sospechosos en ese sentido por banalizar o tratar de ofrecer un enfoque puramente literario del asunto, y ni mucho menos de simpatizar con aquellas vías que entroncan con el New age, donde las mixtificaciones y la voluntad de convertir el fenómeno esotérico en un producto de consumo más, como demanda el mercado, para satisfacer demandas materiales o simples modas de una masa sobresocializada son norma habitual.

Podríamos citar multitud de obras que están presentes en nuestro catálogo, como son El pensamiento esotérico de Leonardo, de Paul Vulliaud, El mundo mágico de los héroes, de Cesare della Riviera, una joya del esoterismo italiano del siglo XVII, en El maestro de la tradición perenne, de René Guénon, o en el ensayo de Gianluca Marletta OVNIS y alienígenas. Origen, historia y prodigio de una pseudorreligión, un ensayo de notable originalidad donde se abordan aspectos esotéricos, aunque sea de un modo más tangencial. También en la literatura, con la obra del gran mitólogo y literato Boris Nad, Una historia de Agartha y La muerte púrpura de Gustav Meyrink encontramos nuevas referencias al ámbito esotérico. De modo que podemos concluir en que el esoterismo forma parte esencial de nuestras publicaciones e intereses como editores, y contribuimos activamente a su difusión.

|| |:-:| |EVOLA, Julius; Ensayos filosóficos, esotéricos y religiosos: 1925-1931, Hiperbola Janus, 2024|

Una obra original

Por eso la presente obra, la que nos disponemos a presentar, cuyo título es ¿Qué es el esoterismo?: Entre verdades y falsificaciones, de Bruno Bérard y Aldo La Fata, viene a ser una obra muy necesaria y clarificadora en la comprensión del esoterismo en todas sus dimensiones, en la complejidad de sus particulares, y en sus múltiples manifestaciones. Quizás en el mundo de habla hispana el esoterismo es un fenómeno que no ha obtenido su merecida atención, y nuestros autores en este ámbito, como es el caso de un Ramón Llull entre otros, no sean objeto de la atención que merece, y las actividades esotéricas, a nivel de asociaciones, comunidades u otras formas de organización, tampoco sean especialmente conocidas, ni cuenten con una actividad reconocida. Es posible, como señala La Fata, que haya ciertas reticencias dentro del mundo católico, acostumbrado a la ortodoxia y la guía espiritual de la Iglesia, y que cualquier tipo de «desviación» hacia formas más individuales y «libres» de vivir ciertas formas iniciáticas, mucho más sutiles, provoquen el rechazo y la incomprensión general. No obstante, como también se encargan de aclarar nuestros autores, el esoterismo comprende una dimensión diferenciada, implica un esfuerzo que no todos están dispuestos a acometer, y finalmente, no es tampoco un camino de felicidad y de frutos seguros, implica una transformación interior y la asunción de unas prácticas y procedimientos que no son aptos para cualquiera. Digamos que el esoterismo es un camino, una vía, que a diferencia de las «religiones populares», exotéricas, supone un arduo camino que viene marcado por un principio vertical y aristocrático de la existencia, o al menos así queremos verlo nosotros. El incremento de la capacidad de discernimiento, aunar lo visible con lo invisible, y ser capaz de superar límites vedados al común, no por simple vanidad ni por «crecimiento personal», tal y como se concibe en las aburguesadas y decadentes sociedades actuales, sino como parte de un proceso de aprendizaje, de autoconocimiento y de liberación. No nos cabe duda alguna de la necesidad de restaurar los antiguos vínculos con lo Alto, las vías que quedaron cerradas y que nos han limitado progresivamente al exclusivo y estrecho ámbito de la materialidad.

|| |:-:| |RIVIERA, Cesare della; El mundo mágico de los héroes; Hipérbola Janus, 2022|

La obra emplea el recurso de la entrevista/diálogo, que aporta frescura y fluidez al texto «simplificando», o más bien haciendo más accesibles y comprensibles elementos relacionados con el esoterismo, que de otro modo resultarían excesivamente complejos para una parte del público lector poco familiarizado con la materia. Este dinamismo se ve complementado por la riqueza de matices e ideas que se van introduciendo de manera progresiva, evitando que el lector pueda verse abrumado por la avalancha de ideas y contenidos. Las preguntas de Bruno Bérard, siempre inteligentes, incisivas y pertinentes, además de ordenadas y bien estructuradas, favorecen la continuidad y el dinamismo en la exposición de los temas, ejerciendo de guía en la conversación. De ahí que el libro sea apto para diferentes niveles, tanto para aquellos que desconocen el esoterismo, como para quienes se encuentran familiarizados con el tema. Aldo La Fata, de acuerdo con su dilatada y extensa trayectoria en la materia, nos hace reflexiones teóricas de enorme valor, que entrelaza con su propia experiencia y trayectoria en el estudio del esoterismo. Sin lugar a dudas este aspecto nos permite ver una vertiente más humana e íntima, en la que se incluyen anécdotas personales y biográficas que siempre permiten una mayor conexión con el lector a través de la mezcla de hechos vitales y erudición teórica.

La entrevista que nos ofrecen Bruno Bérard y Aldo La Fata nos permite explorar la relación dialéctica que se genera entre el esoterismo y otros ámbitos como la religión, la ciencia o la filosofía. Todas las cuestiones se abordan desde enfoques muy concretos, abordando problemáticas particulares, que dan lugar a reflexiones más amplias evitando las simplificaciones e invitando a reflexiones mucho más profundas. De ahí la función de introducción y guía a la que nos venimos refiriendo.

Estos aspectos que acabamos de enumerar con anterioridad revelan un notable esfuerzo pedagógico por parte de los autores para acercarnos al estudio del esoterismo, nos aporta las herramientas necesarias, parafraseando el título de la obra, para discernir entre un verdadero esoterismo y sus falsificaciones.

Más allá de estos aspectos formales, que consideramos que es importante destacar, porque en ellos reside el éxito de la obra, en un planteamiento que resulta original, a la par que ameno y de gran interés, debemos considerar otros aspectos que hacen más referencia al contenido. «¿Qué es el esoterismo? Entre verdades y falsificaciones» pretende, como decíamos, clarificar qué es el esoterismo, cuales son sus particulares, sus características y atributos, su naturaleza más íntima, como fenómeno espiritual y filosófico en sus aspectos más profundos, que podemos remontar a épocas muy remotas y lejanas en el tiempo. Pero el esoterismo aparece en ocasiones fuertemente imbricado en otras estructuras de pensamiento, de tipo tradicional, como son las grandes religiones (Cristianismo, Islam, Judaísmo etc) y otros conceptos como la mística y la metafísica, cuyas relaciones hay que desentrañar.

La importancia de René Guénon

Aldo La Fata nos libera desde el principio de posibles equívocos al enfatizar que el verdadero esoterismo no es una simple acumulación de conocimientos secretos o rituales exóticos, sino una vía de trascendencia espiritual basada en el rigor y la autenticidad. A este respecto René Guénon aparece como uno de los grandes esoteristas de nuestro tiempo, en la medida que fue el gran intérprete y codificador de estos conocimientos, una figura que marcó un antes y un después en la comprensión de este ámbito, especialmente por su rigor conceptual y su capacidad para distinguir entre lo auténtico y lo falso en las tradiciones espirituales. A tal respecto podemos poner como ejemplo sus contundentes análisis de las corrientes ocultistas, especialmente del espiritismo o del teosofismo, en diferentes obras. Podemos decir a este respecto que Guénon hizo una distinción entre esoterismo y ocultismo, disociando el significado del primero de prácticas superficiales y desviadas, mientras que definió el esoterismo como una vía de conocimiento sagrado y trascendente. En este sentido fue una labor fundamental para evitar confusiones con mixtificaciones modernas y pseudoesoterismos como aquellos relacionados con el New Age.

|| |:-:| |GUÉNON, René; El Maestro de la Tradición Perenne: Antología de artículos guenonianos; Hipérbola Janus, 2021|

Paralelamente, y con ello queremos dignificar la figura de René Guénon, el tradicionalista francés también nos abrió las fuentes de un vasto conocimiento espiritual, expresión de una «Tradición primordial», a cuyos orígenes prístinos siempre deberíamos aspirar, y cuya impronta impregna por completo religiones, culturas y formas de civilización no modernas, claro está. Y otro elemento fundamental, y que en la presente obra se considera de vital importancia, es que René Guénon considera el esoterismo no como una vía interna propia de la religión, sino como una vía complementaria que permite acceder a la esencia divina más allá de las formas externas. Para Aldo La Fata no se trata de una mera referencia intelectual, sino una figura que marcó su propio rumbo dentro del estudio del esoterismo. A través de obras como Los símbolos de la ciencia sagrada, La Fata descubrió la profundidad y la coherencia del pensamiento guenoniano, así como la idea de que el esoterismo actúa como el «pegamento» que conecta todas las tradiciones espirituales. Esta visión le permitió entender el esoterismo como algo inseparable de la religión, aunque con una profundidad y una exigencia mayores.

¿Qué es el esoterismo?

El término esoterismo tiene sus raíces etimológicas en el griego esôterikos, que implica un «ir hacia dentro» y que se contrapone a una variante exterior que definimos como «exoterismo», que se encuentra más vinculado al ámbito de la religión. Se trata de un conocimiento que no atiende a un principio puramente intelectual y discursivo sino que apunta a una vivencia directa y sapiencial de lo trascendente. Lejos de la acumulación de saberes ocultos y rituales, lo que prima en la experiencia de lo esotérico es la conexión directa con lo trascendente y lo divino a través de la práctica espiritual.

De hecho hay tres aspectos que nuestros autores destacan a lo largo de la obra respecto al esoterismo, y que nos parecen fundamentales:

• Interioridad: Supone un movimiento continuo hacia el interior, de exploración e introspección, en el que se tratan de derribar límites y obstáculos. Atendiendo a un dinamismo que huye de lo fijo y de lo estático.
• Profundización: La búsqueda de significados más profundos tras la realidad cotidiana, buscando ir más allá de la pura exterioridad de las cosas
• Relación con el exoterismo: Podemos considerarlo opuesto en sentido relativo al esoterismo, como una dimensión más externa y visible de las religiones, aunque este último (el esoterismo), no puede sobrevivir sin el apoyo de una tradición religiosa.

En relación al último punto debemos destacar, como advierten Bérard y La Fata, que pese a todo no podemos entender el esoterismo como una parte de las religiones, sino que tiene su propia función y objetivos, que no es otro que el que ya hemos mencionado con anterioridad: establecer una conexión directa con la verdad que irradia del principio universal y divino.

|| |:-:| |VULLIAUD, Paul; El pensamiento esotérico de Leonardo da Vinci; Hipérbola Janus, 2024|

Otro aspecto interesante de la obra es el que nos habla de las relaciones entre esoterismo y metafísica, en el que el primero pretende ser también una vía de acceso al dominio del segundo. El esoterismo, como ya hemos visto, tiene como principal propósito trascender las categorías del mundo material para proyectarse en lo universal, y en este sentido comparte también objetivos con la metafísica, que pretende superar las limitaciones de la experiencia humana ordinaria y de acceder a las verdades primordiales que estructuran la realidad. Ambos apuntan a la raíz de todo lo existente, al absoluto. Las divergencias las hallamos en la forma o en el método para alcanzar estas verdades trascendentes, que en el caso del esoterismo nos remiten a símbolos, rituales y experiencias vivenciales que permiten al practicante interiorizar verdades universales.

De este modo, esoterismo y metafísica se nos presentan como realidades no opuestas, sino complementarias. La metafísica nos ofrece un marco conceptual y doctrinal para entender lo absoluto, mientras que el esoterismo se centra en su realización interna. En términos guenonianos, el esoterismo representa los aspectos operativos de la metafísica.

De modo que podemos decir que la metafísica aborda el tema trascendente desde una perspectiva conceptual, sin esa parte vivida de la experiencia en el conocimiento de lo universal. El esoterismo, por su parte, aporta esa contraparte que nos remite a la experiencia humana que permite al individuo acceder o ponerse en conexión con lo divino a través de su propio ser, de manera directa y vívida. Es un camino que el sujeto individual emprende para lograr una transformación interior.

Paralelamente, no podemos obviar dentro de todos estos procesos la participación de un elemento fundamental, como es la intuición suprarracional, que podríamos considerar como la herramienta que conecta al esoterista directamente con la fuente del conocimiento trascendente y universal, en lugar de hacerlo directamente a través de teorías o conceptos que siempre resultan más abstractos y difíciles de comprender en su vertiente más «discursiva». Al mismo tiempo, las relaciones que se establecen entre esoterismo y metafísica nos permiten poner en contacto las tradiciones religiosas con el conocimiento universal. Según La Fata, inspirándose en el legado de la obra de Frithjoff Schuon, cada tradición espiritual tiene una dimensión metafísica que puede ser comprendida y realizada a través del esoterismo, como un medio para acceder a la esencia inmutable de todas las formas religiosas.

Otro aspecto que esoterismo y metafísica comparten es la meta de superar la dualidad entre sujeto y objeto: Mientras que la metafísica conceptualiza esta unión como una verdad última, el esoterismo busca experimentarla directamente a través de la contemplación, el símbolo y la práctica espiritual.

Los autores

|| |:-:| |Aldo La Fata|

Aldo La Fata (1964) es un estudioso del esoterismo, el simbolismo y la mística religiosa, con una trayectoria de varias décadas dedicada al análisis y divulgación de estas disciplinas. Ha sido jefe de redacción de la revista Metapolitica, fundada por Silvano Panunzio, y actualmente dirige Il Corriere Metapolitico. Su trabajo destaca por una aproximación rigurosa y una mirada crítica a las corrientes contemporáneas del esoterismo, rescatando su sentido más profundo y tradicional. Entre sus obras más relevantes se encuentran Silvano Panunzio: vita e pensiero (2021) y Nella luce dei libri (2022), donde explora la intersección entre espiritualidad, simbolismo y pensamiento tradicional.

|| |:-:| |Bruno Bérard|

Bruno Bérard (1958), es doctor en Religiones y Sistemas de Pensamiento por la École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), es un destacado especialista en metafísica. Autor de múltiples ensayos, ha desarrollado una profunda reflexión sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento espiritual y su relación con las tradiciones religiosas. Algunas de sus obras más importantes, traducidas a diversas lenguas, incluyen A Metaphysics of the Christian Mystery (2018) y Métaphysique du paradoxe (2019). Actualmente, dirige la colección Métaphysique au quotidien en la editorial L’Harmattan de París, consolidándose como una referencia en el estudio de la metafísica contemporánea.

En ¿Qué es el esoterismo?: Entre verdades y falsificaciones, asistimos a una presentación del tema tratado desde un conocimiento profundo y dilatado del tema, en la que ambos autores combinan la experiencia y el conocimiento que atesoran sobre el esoterismo y otros temas anejos, ofreciéndonos sus interpretaciones y enfoques particulares, y al mismo tiempo mostrando una gran capacidad de síntesis en la exposición de los temas tratados, que se inscriben en una multitud de tradiciones religiosas y espirituales de enorme complejidad. En este último punto reside también gran parte del valor de la obra, que constituye una novedad editorial especialmente relevante en su ámbito en lengua hispana.

---

Artículo original: Hipérbola Janus, Presentación de «¿Qué es el esoterismo?: Entre verdades y falsificaciones» (TOR), 6/Feb/2025

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ที่มาทำเพลง #ตัวหนังสือมีเสียง

วันนี้จะเล่าถึงเพลง ตรุษจีนครับ เป็นเพลงที่เขียนเสร็จภายในคืนเดียว คือไม่ใช่ว่าเก่งกาจอะไรครับ แต่เนื้อหามีในหัวตั้งนานแล้วตั้งใจจะทำนานแล้วแต่ภารกิจอื่นมีมากจน 24 ชั่วโมงมันรู้สึกน้อยเกินไป

เพลงนี้ความตั้งใจคือ หวังสูงเลยครับ หวังว่าสักวันหนึ่งเยาวราชจะเปิดเพลงนี้กันกระหึ่มในวันตรุษจีน ซึ่งรู้ตัวดีครับว่า ตัวเล็กๆ คงไม่ดังเปรี้ยงในรอบเดียว ผมคิดว่า จะอีก 5ปี 10ปี เพลงนี้มันปล่อยไปแล้วมันยังอยู่ไปเรื่อยๆครับ (เปิดตัวครั้งแรก มีคนเอาแผ่นเสียง tiktok ไปทำอวยพรกันราวๆ 185คลิป ผมดีใจมากแล้ว บางคนลิปซิงค์ด้วยแสดงว่าหัดร้อง โคตรดีใจเลยครับ)

ผมตั้งใจทำให้โทนออกมาเป็นเหมือนคนจีนร้อง แนวประมาณฮอทเป๊บเปอร์ โซเฟียลา อะไรประมาณนี้ ดังนั้นการออกเสียงจะเหมือนคนจีนพูดไทยไม่ชัดอะไรแบบนั้นครับ

เนื้อร้องนี่ผมตั้งใจเขียนแบบ เอาใจอาม่าเลย เราลองมาดูบางท่อนกันครับ

"ซินเจียยู่อี่ ซินนี้ฮวดไช้ วันตรุษจีนนี้ ขอพรจากใจ จะทำสิ่งใด ขอให้เฮงเฮง" เป็นท่อนย้ำแล้วย้ำอีก เพราะจงใจให้เป็นเพลงอวยพร ก็เลยทำเป็นแกนหลักของเพลงนี้ จากนั้นตัวรองก็จะเป็นคำอวยพรในแต่ละเรื่อง มาซ้อนอีกทีนึง

"ปีใหม่หวังได้สุขดี โรคภัยไม่มี แข็งแรงกว่าใคร เลือดลม กำลังภายใน เดินวิ่งยังไหว ได้เที่ยวทั้งปี" ท่อนนี้ผมนึกถึงอาม่าของผมครับ แกชอบดูหนังกำลังภายใน วีดีโอม้วนเป็นชุดๆ แล้วการได้ไปเที่ยวเรื่อยๆก็เป็นอีกความสุขนึงของคนแก่ ไม่ได้ต้องการอะไรมากไปกว่าร่างกายแข็งแรง เดินเหินไหว เที่ยวได้

"ไม่เพียงแค่ในปีนี้ แต่ขอให้ดี ทุกทุกปีไป ครอบครัวยิ้มได้ละไม ทุกคนสุขใจ เฮงเฮงดีดีดี" เป็นท่อนท้ายเพลงแล้ว ซึ่งก็ตบด้วยว่าไม่ได้เฉพาะปีนี้นะ ที่อวยพรกันขอให้ดีไปยาวๆ แล้วก็เล่นคำท้ายว่า "เฮงเฮงดีดีดี" คือ มันเป็นการรวมคำดีๆย้ำๆ ผมรู้สึกว่าพอตอนที่ทำเป็นเพลง มันจะเป็นท่อนที่คนยิ้มกว้างเลยหล่ะ

เนื้อเพลงเต็มๆผมลงไว้ให้ข้างล่าง ส่วนการรับฟัง สามารถเข้าได้หลายทางมากครับ youtube music https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=EBKTZv3VvGM&si=f_IMFbDhdEJ6wEcv

spotify https://open.spotify.com/track/3fCJyoQVAeWxdczfGbL3yT?si=vHV45hUTRPO6Mg9Pnh-w2w

apple music https://music.apple.com/th/album/%E0%B8%8B-%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88-%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%AD-%E0%B8%8B-%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99-%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8A/1789787248?i=1789787249

tiktok แผ่นเสียง https://vt.tiktok.com/ZSrk49SfL/

ส่วนเพลงอื่นๆ ฟังเต็มๆได้ทุก music plattform แล้วนะครับ ค้นหา heretong teera siri เพราะเพลงไม่ดังเลยต้องหาจากชื่อคนแทนครับ 55555

新正如意，新年发财 วันตรุษจีนนี้ขอพรจากใจ จะทำสิ่งใด ขอให้เฮงเฮง

ปีใหม่หวังได้สุขดี เป็นเศรษฐีมีเงินทองใช้ ร่ำรวย รุ่งเรืองไปไกล คิดสิ่งใด ได้สมฤดี

ซินเจียยู่อี่ ซินนี้ฮวดไช้ วันตรุษจีนนี้ขอพรจากใจ จะทำสิ่งใด ขอให้เฮงเฮง

ปีใหม่หวังได้สุขดี โรคภัยไม่มี แข็งแรงกว่าใคร เลือดลม กำลังภายใน เดินวิ่งยังไหว ได้เที่ยวทั้งปี

ซินเจียยู่อี่ ซินนี้ฮวดไช้ วันตรุษจีนนี้ขอพรจากใจ จะทำสิ่งใด ขอให้เฮงเฮง

ไม่เพียงหวังได้สุขดี โรคภัยไม่มี แข็งแรงกว่าใคร เลือดลม กำลังภายใน เดินวิ่งยังไหว ได้เที่ยวทั้งปี

ซินเจียยู่อี่ ซินนี้ฮวดไช้ วันตรุษจีนนี้ขอพรจากใจ จะทำสิ่งใด ขอให้เฮงเฮง

ไม่เพียงแค่ในปีนี้ แต่ขอให้ดี ทุกทุกปีไป ครอบครัวยิ้มได้ละไม ทุกคนสุขใจ เฮงเฮงดีดีดี

ซินเจียยู่อี่ ซินนี้ฮวดไช้ ขอจงมีความสุขใจ อวยพรนำชัย ให้ทั่วทุกคน ขอจงมีความสุขใจ อวยพรนำชัย ให้ทั่วทุกคน ขอจงมีความสุขใจ อวยพรนำชัย…ให้จงรุ่งเรือง

pirateketo #siripun #ตำรับเอ๋ #siamstr

@ c13fd381:b46236ea

Over the past few years, The School of Bitcoin (TSOBTC) has built a reputation as a decentralised, open-source educational initiative dedicated to financial sovereignty and digital literacy. Our faculty, contributors, and global community have worked tirelessly to create resources that embody the Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) ethos, ensuring that knowledge remains accessible to all.

As part of our commitment to maintaining an open and transparent model, we are excited to announce that The School of Bitcoin is officially migrating to Consensus21.School. This transition is not just a rebranding--it marks the consolidation of all our initiatives, projects, and educational resources under the Consensus21.School banner. The School of Bitcoin will no longer exist as a separate entity.

This move comes as a response to growing confusion between our initiative and another entity operating under the domain schoolofbitcoin (SOB), which has taken a direction that does not align with our open-source philosophy. To reaffirm our dedication to FOSS and community-driven education, we are bringing everything--our courses, programs, and collaborations--into a singular, more focused ecosystem at Consensus21.School.

What Does This Mean for Our Community?

Rest assured, all the valuable content, courses, and educational materials that have been developed under TSOBTC will remain available. We continue to embrace a value-for-value model, ensuring that learners can access resources while supporting the ecosystem in a way that aligns with their means and values.

By consolidating under Consensus21.School, we are doubling down on the principles of decentralisation, self-sovereignty, and permissionless learning. This transition includes all of our key initiatives, including V4V Open Lessons, the Decentralised Autonomous Education System (DAES), and our involvement with the Plan B Network.

Full Migration of DAES and Plan B Network Collaboration

As part of this transition, the Decentralised Autonomous Education System (DAES) is now officially part of Consensus21.School and is fully reflected in the Consensus21.School Whitepaper. DAES will continue to provide a platform for aspiring learners to submit their Bitcoin project ideas for potential funding and mentorship, with active engagement in our Stacker News /~Education territory and Signal chat for collaboration. We invite contributors to support our learner fund and help bring innovative ideas to fruition within this new ecosystem.

Additionally, our collaboration with the Plan B Network will now operate under Consensus21.School. Through this partnership, we will continue teaching using the Plan B Network's curriculum to provide high-quality Bitcoin education and strengthen local Bitcoin communities. This global initiative remains a core part of our mission, now fully integrated within Consensus21.School.

Looking Ahead

With Consensus21.School, we will continue innovating in peer-to-peer learning, integrating cutting-edge developments in Bitcoin, Nostr, and decentralised technologies. We encourage our community to stay engaged, contribute, and help us build an even stronger foundation for the future of open education.

This is more than just a domain change--it is the next evolution of our mission. The School of Bitcoin as an entity is now retired, and all our efforts, including DAES and the Plan B Network collaboration, will move forward exclusively under Consensus21.School. We invite educators, students, and enthusiasts to join us in shaping this next phase of open financial education.

The journey continues, and we are thrilled to embark on this new chapter together

@ 77c2969e:a33cfa50

最近又开始折腾 Technitium DNS Server，发现之前记录的过程不太完善，于是更新一下。

安装acme.sh

curl https://get.acme.sh | sh -s email=youreMailAddress

导入环境变量

export CF_Token="填API token" export CF_Zone_ID="填区域ID" export CF_Account_ID="填账户ID"

• Cloudflare 的 API Token 是在 Cloudflare 网页右上角的👤头像--配置文件--API 令牌处创建
• 在 Cloudflare 主页点击你需要使用的域名，下滑到右下角可以看到区域 ID 和账户 ID

申请证书

acme.sh --issue --dns dns_cf -d dns.235421.xyz

• -d 后面是你想使用的域名

安装证书

``` acme.sh --install-cert -d dns.235421.xyz \ --key-file /root/certs/key.pem \ --fullchain-file /root/certs/cert.pem \ --reloadcmd "cd /root/certs && openssl pkcs12 -export -out 'dns.pfx' -inkey 'key.pem' -in 'cert.pem' -password pass:1021"

```

• reloadcmd是在申请证书之后执行的代码，以后自动更新时也会自动执行这个代码，所以第一次配置好就基本上不用管了。
• reloadcmd 中的代码是将 pem 格式的证书和密钥转换成一个 pfx 格式的证书文件，-out 后面是输出的 pfx 证书文件名， -inkey 和 -in 分别是前一步 acme.sh 申请的密钥和证书文件。这里必须添加密码，也就是 1021 这个，如果不设密码执行命令的话，它会让你交互式输入，但是在自动脚本中就不行。我在前面加了先 cd 到证书目录，避免出现问题。

安装 Technitium DNS Server

1. 在Technitium DNS Server 官网 获取安装脚本，也有提供 Docker 镜像以及 Windows 版本。

2. 安装后在 公网IP:5380 进入管理界面，首次进入需设置管理员密码，管理员账户默认是 admin。

3. 在 Settings – optional protocols 处开启 DNS over HTTPS ，TLS Certificate File Path 处填入转换好的 pfx 证书路径，TLS Certificate Password 处填你设定的密码，就是我的 1021 。

4. 现在打开你的域名，看到如图这样就说明设定成功了，然后在需要设置 DoH 的地方填入 https://yourdomain.com/dns-query即可。

---

我在之前的文章中使用的是 DNS over HTTP 并用 Nginx 反代来实现 DNS over HTTPS 的，现在直接用 DoH ，省去了配置 Nginx 的部分，只是多了一步证书格式转换，总体上更简单了。

---

我的设置

• 在Settings – Recursion 处打开 Allow Recursion 以允许递归解析。
• 在Settings – Cache 处将 Cache Maximum Entries 调大些，默认 10000 有点少了。
• 在Settings – General 处开启 EDNS Client Subnet (ECS) 。
• 在Settings – Logging 处开启 Use Local Time。
• 在Apps – App Store 中安装 Query Logs (Sqlite) 以便在 Logs – Query Logs 处查看 DNS 查询日志。

以下设置可选

• 在Settings – General 处开启 Prefer IPv6
• 在Settings – Web Service 处为后台管理页面开启 HTTPS，可使用与 DoH 相同的域名和证书，仅端口不同，这个默认 HTTPS 端口是 53443。
• 在Settings – Blocking 处开启拦截功能（默认开启），下面 Allow / Block List URLs 可以配置规则，与 AdGuard Home 规则通用，白名单规则须在链接前加上英文叹号 !。也可以是本地规则，填路径即可。
• 在Settings – Proxy & Forwarders 处可以设置上游DNS Forwarders 。

@ bcbb3e40:a494e501

Traducción por Francisco de la Torre.

|| |:-:| |Los representantes de la derecha sionista europea que forman parte de «Patriots» reunidos en Bruselas el pasado mes de diciembre de 2024.|

Entre los efectos que probablemente producirá en Europa la nueva administración estadounidense, es previsible el fortalecimiento del ala derecha del colaboracionismo atlantista que, después de haberse posicionado decididamente a favor de Donald Trump durante su presidencia 2017-2021, en el transcurso de la administración Biden abogó fervientemente por su regreso a la Casa Blanca y acogió su victoria electoral con gran júbilo. A finales de octubre de 2024, en el grandioso mitin preelectoral a favor de Trump celebrado en el Madison Square Garden de Nueva York, asistió una representante del grupo parlamentario europeo Patriots for Europe, que viajó a Estados Unidos para esa ocasión especial. En un vídeo publicado en la página X (antes twitter) de los Patriots, varios eurodiputados del mencionado grupo expresaron su identidad con los puntos de vista de Trump y auspiciando su reelección: el austriaco Harald Vilimsky (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs), el checo Ondrej Knotek (Año 2011) el español Jorge Buxade (Vox), el holandés Tom Vandendriesche (Vlaams Belang), la polaca Anna Bryłka (Ruch Narodowy) y, por Hungría, Tamás Deutsch (Fidesz).

Este último es, sin duda, la personalidad más eminente del grupo de los Patriots que viajaron a Nueva York: originario de una familia judía de Budapest, en 1988 Tamás Deutsch junto con Viktor Orbán están entre los fundadores de Fidesz —Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége (Alianza de los jóvenes demócratas), en la que ocupó el cargo de vicepresidente. El Fidesz ha tejido durante mucho tiempo una red de lazos con el Partido Republicano de los Estados Unidos y con el think tank conservador Heritage Foundation, mientras que el gobierno de Viktor Orbán organizó las tres últimas ediciones anuales de la CPAC en Hungría (Conservative Political Action Conference), un encuentro de políticos de derechas de varios países[^1].

Patriots for Europe o Patriots.eu, denominación que recuerda al de los misiles aire-tierra estadounidenses (el MIM-104 Patriots), es, por tanto, el nombre oficial del grupo político de la derecha liberal-conservadora, populista y euroescéptica, nacido en julio de 2024 (primero como alianza y luego como grupo parlamentario europeo) por iniciativa del primer ministro húngaro Viktor Orbán, el exprimer ministro checo Andrej Babiŝ y del exministro del interior austriaco Herbert Kickl. Como representantes de sus respectivos partidos (Fidesz, Año 2011, Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs), Orbán, Babiŝ y Kickl firmaron un texto ideológico titulado: A Patriotic Manifesto for a European Future[^2], según la cual la única política europea legítima es aquella que, enraizada en la pluralidad de las diferentes naciones, proteja su herencia grecorromana-judeocristiana preservando su identidad, tradiciones y costumbres.

Al núcleo inicial de los Patriots se unió el partido portugués ¡Arriva! (¡Chega!), el Partido húngaro Popular Demócrata Cristiano (Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt), el partido español Vox, el Partido por la Libertad (Partij voor de Vrijheid) holandés, el Partido Popular Danés (Dansk Folkeparti), el interés Flamenco (Vlaams Belang), la Reunión Nacional (Rassemblement National) francés y, por Italia, la Liga para Primer Ministro Salvini.

Constituido formalmente, el grupo parlamentario recibió una posterior adhesión del diputado griego de Voz de la Razón (Foní Logikis), del diputado de Primero Letonia (Letvija pirmajâ prohibir), de los dos diputados del Movimiento Nacional polaco (Ruch Narodowy) y de los dos diputados checos del Juramento (Přísaha) y de los Automovilistas por sí mismos (Motoristé sollozoê). Presidente del grupo parlamentario Patriots.eu, que cuenta con un total de ochenta y seis diputados[^3], es Jordan Bardella, presidente de la Rassemblement National; pero la personalidad más notable y prestigiosa de los Patriots es, sin duda, el primer ministro húngaro Viktor Orbán.

En cuanto a la línea de política exterior seguida por Viktor Orbán, cabe recordar que fue durante su primer mandato, en 1989, cuando Hungría se unió a la OTAN junto con la República Checa y Polonia. La pertenencia a la organización militar de la Alianza Atlántica implicó la participación húngara en la guerra de Kosovo en Yugoslavia, así como la contribución de Hungría en las misiones de la ISAF y en la guerra en Irak en apoyo de la intervención estadounidense. Por otro lado, no deja de ser significativo que en junio de 2011, durante la visita de Condoleezza Rice a Budapest, se inaugurara una estatua del presidente estadounidense Ronald Reagan en la céntrica Plaza de la Libertad (Szabadság tér). «Hoy —dijo Orbán en esa ocasión— erigimos aquí una estatua al hombre, al líder, que cambió y renovó este mundo creando un nuevo mundo para nosotros en Europa Central, un hombre que creía en la libertad, en la fuerza moral de los hombres libres, y creía que los muros que obstruyen el camino a la libertad pueden ser derribados».

En los años de la primera administración Trump, Orbán estableció una relación privilegiada con la Casa Blanca: en 2019 fue recibido calurosamente por el presidente estadounidense, quien declaró su apoyo al «soberanismo» europeo, del que Orbán era ya el exponente más puntero. El primer ministro húngaro, que más tarde expresó varias veces la esperanza de volver a ver a Trump como líder de los Estados Unidos, se reunió con él de nuevo en Mar-a-Lago de Palm Beach en marzo de 2024 y al final de la visita escribió en una publicación: «¡Hacer que América vuelva a ser grande, señor presidente!»[^4].

El entendimiento entre Trump y Orbán fue favorecido por Benjamin Netanyahu, quien ha tenido una estrecha relación con el actual primer ministro húngaro desde 2005, cuando Orbán estaba en la oposición y Netanyahu era ministro de Finanzas. Esta relación, que Orbán ha utilizado para neutralizar las iniciativas hostiles de las ONG’s de Soros (quien financió a Fidesz desde 1992 a 1999), ha acentuado progresivamente la posición proisraelí de Budapest, hasta el punto que Hungría junto a Austria, Croacia y República Checa, se han alineado con Estados Unidos e Israel votando en contra de la resolución propuesta por la ONU para el alto el fuego en la Franja de Gaza. Cuando László Toroczkai, jefe del partido Mi Hazánk (Nuestra Patria), preguntó a Orbán en el Parlamento por qué Hungría había votado en contra, el primer ministro le respondió: «La política exterior es complicada, enfréntate solo si entiendes de lo que estamos hablando»[^5].

El presidente de Patriots, Jordan Bardella, no es menos pro-sionista. «Reconocer un Estado palestino significaría reconocer el terrorismo», dijo Bardella, quien antes de las elecciones francesas había asegurado que, si llegaba a ser primer ministro, sería «un escudo para los compatriotas judíos contra un islamismo que no solo quiere separar la República, sino conquistarla»[^6]. Por su parte, Marine Le Pen, madrina política de Bardella, declaró: «Es absolutamente legítimo que Israel quiera erradicar al grupo terrorista armado Hamas y que se dote de medios para hacerlo»[^7].

En cuanto a la Liga de Salvini como primer ministro, sus posiciones pro-trumpistas y pro-sionistas siempre se han caracterizado por un extremismo descarado. «Nunca he ocultado —dijo Salvini antes de las elecciones estadounidenses— mi esperanza en una victoria republicana, por mil razones (...) hablamos [con Trump] a más tardar hace unas semanas. Nunca he ocultado mi simpatía humana y mi sintonía cultural»[^8]. Y sobre el genocidio en curso en Palestina, Salvini dijo: «Nuestros pensamientos están con el pueblo israelí (...) Recordar siempre el derecho de Israel a existir, a defenderse y a convivir finalmente en paz con sus pueblos vecinos, contra el horror del terrorismo islámico»[^9]. El 6 de octubre de 2024, al final de su discurso desde el escenario de Pontida, Salvini posó para una foto con los Patriots presentes en la manifestación de la Liga Norte: además de Viktor Orbán, estuvieron el holandés Geert Wilders, el portugués André Ventura, la austriaca Marlene Svazek, el español Antonio Fúster y el general Roberto Vannacci. Enviaron mensajes en vídeo de apoyo y solidaridad tanto Jordán Bardella en nombre de Rassemblement national como el ex-presidente brasileño Jair Bolsonaro.

También Geert Wilders (Partij voor de Vrijheid), que en 2009 recibió el Premio Oriana Fallaci por producir un cortometraje de propaganda antiislámica, es conocido también por su extremismo prosionista. «Jerusalén, Judea y Samaria —en su opinión— son todas de Israel (...) La patria de los palestinos es el Reino de Jordania (...) Obama y Kerry deben dejar de criticar a Israel por los asentamientos. Judea y Samaria pertenecen a los israelíes»[^10]. En el programa de Wilders, «distinguiéndose durante dos décadas por su lucha contra la islamización —escribe complacido un sitio web sionista— está también el reconocimiento de Jerusalén como capital de Israel, con el traslado de la embajada holandesa»[^11].

André Ventura, presidente de ¡Chega!, reiteró en Polonia la posición prosionista de su partido, declarando convencido: «Estamos con Israel y permaneceremos junto a Israel en esta batalla por los derechos humanos y la democracia»[^12]. A quienes lo comparan con Donald Trump y Jair Bolsonaro, André Ventura responde: «Estoy acostumbrado a estas comparaciones. Estas son las ideas en las que creo»[^13]. En cuanto a la guerra en Ucrania, el líder de la lista ¡Chega! en las elecciones europeas, Antonio Tânger Corrêa, dijo que «la derrota de Ucrania sería la derrota de todo Occidente y de Portugal, en caso de extrema necesidad»[^14], enviarían a sus tropas.

Marlene Svazek representó a la Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs en Pontida, cuyos «excelentes contactos»[^15] con la derecha israelí están garantizados por David Lasar, miembro del Consejo Nacional (Nationalrat) del partido austriaco. Lasar no es el único judío en el FPÖ: también es judío el ex-secretario general del partido y ex-parlamentario europeo Peter Sichrovsky, quien ha negado ser un agente del Mossad, pero ha admitido haber tenido «muchas reuniones con funcionarios israelís»[^16].

José Antonio Fúster es el nuevo presidente de Vox Madrid. El jefe del partido que lo representa, Santiago Abascal, encabezó una delegación a Israel en 2023 que se reunió con dos ministros de Tel Aviv. «Durante la visita, Abascal ha transmitido el apoyo y la solidaridad de España al Primer Ministro israelí Benjamin Netanyahu, y ha defendido la urgente necesidad de acabar con Hamas que, según Abascal, es un grupo terrorista que «encarna el mal absoluto»[^17]. Tras la reunión de la delegación de Vox con Netanyahu, el candidato electoral Jorge Buxadé Villalba afirmó que las acciones genocidas cometidas por el régimen sionista en la Franja de Gaza son «operaciones antiterroristas» que deben continuar «hasta que no quede ni un solo terrorista»[^18].

En cuanto a Roberto Vannacci, elegido diputado del Parlamento Europeo en las listas de la Liga por Salvini, su currículum vitae patriot puede jactarse de una participación activa en las operaciones de EE.UU. en Oriente Medio. El general comandó durante dos turnos (2005-2006) el Special Forces Task Group en Irak y fue el primer comandante de la Task Force 45 en Afganistán en 2013, poco antes de la transición de la International Security Assistance Force a la Resolute Support Mission, Vannacci asumió el cargo de jefe del Estado Mayor de las fuerzas especiales de la OTAN, «una organización que ha garantizado la paz durante más de cincuenta años, una alianza política y militar que ha funcionado bien»[^19]. Habiendo prestado sus servicios a los Estados Unidos «para la estabilización de Irak»[^20] como Deputy Commanding General y Director of Training, el 21 de agosto de 2018, Vannacci fue galardonado con la Legion of Merit, la condecoración militar estadounidense creada por el presidente Franklin D. Roosevelt. Su consigna antes y después de la elección de Trump ha sido: «Go, Donald, go!».

[^1]: Cfr. C. Mutti, Alla destra degli USA, «Eurasia» 1/2023.

[^2]: Después de la confluencia de los grupos de Identity and Democracy en el grupo de Patriots, se aprobó una nueva versión del manifiesto político. Véase https://patriots.eu/manifesto

[^3]: Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (Austria), 6; Vlaams Belang (Bélgica), 3; Dansk Folkeparti (Dinamarca), 1; Rassemblement National (Francia), 30; Foni Logikis (Grecia), 1; Fidesz - Magyar Polgári Szövetség (Hungría), 10; Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt (Hungría), 1; Liga para Salvini Premier (Italia), 8; Letvija primajâ vietâ (Letonia), 1; Partij voor de Vrijheid (Países Bajos), 6; Ruch Narodowy (Polonia), 2; ¡Chega! (Portugal), 2; ANO (República Checa), 7; Automovilistaé sobê (República Checa), 1; Přísaha (República Checa), 1; Vox (España), 6.

[^4]: Angela Napoletano, La «visita». Orbán incorona Trump: «Lui è il presidente della pace», avvenire.it, 9 marzo 2024.

[^5]: András Dezsô, The roots of Orbán’s strong bond with Israel and its PM, https://balkaninsight.com, 14 de noviembre de 2023.

[^6]: Bardella, «riconoscere Palestina è riconoscere terrorismo». «Sarò uno scudo per i nostri connazionali ebrei», ANSA, 26/6/2024.

[^7]: Mauro Zanon, Sorpresa, lo «scudo» degli ebrei in Francia è il partito della Le Pen, tempi.it, 27 de octubre de 2023.

[^8]: Stefano Baldolini, Salvina punta su Trump: «Spero che vinca. Andrò negli Usa prima del voto». Tensioni con Meloni? «Governo durerà 5 anni», repubblica.it, 13 de julio de 2024.

[^9]: Nova.News, 7 de octubre de 2024.

[^10]: Elezioni in Olanda, che è il sovranista Wilders: anti-Islam, contro l’Ue e sostenitore del Grande Israele, www.open.online, 23 de noviembre de 2023.

[^11]: www.informazionecorretta.com, 26 de octubre de 2024.

[^12]: www.agenzianova.com, 6 de octubre de 2024.

[^13]: Especial: André Ventura. «Sou contra o aborto mas nunca condenaria uma mulher que aborta», «Jornal SOL», 12 de julio de 2022.

[^14]: Ventura admite tropas portuguesas na Ucrânia e tem uma posição clara sobre Putin, «CNN Portugal», 11 de marzo de 2024.

[^15]: Sophie Makris, Austria’s Jews wary of far-right charm offensive, www.timeofisrael.com, 3 de marzo de 2019.

[^16]: Yossi Melman, Sichrovsky Denies He Was a Mossad Agent, www.haaretz.com, 3 de junio de 2005.

[^17]: Fernando Heller, Spagna: il leader di Vox pretende le scuse di Sánchez per aver messo in dubbio l’offensiva israeliana contro Hamas, https://euractiv.it, 6 de diciembre de 2023.

[^18]: El ultraderechista Vox defiende los ataques de Israel en Gaza tras la polémica reunión con Netanyahu, euronews, 29 de mayo de 2024.

[^19]: Bruno Vespa, Vannacci: «Dopo l’Ue tornerei nell’esercito», «La Verità», 30 de octubre de 2024, p. 7.

[^20]: Missione Iraq: Riconoscimento al Generale Roberto Vannacci, en www.difesa.it , cit. en www.wikipedia.org

---

Artículo original: Hipérbola Janus, Patriots (TOR), 9/Ene/2025

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

„Ein Fundstück aus dem Internet – jemand fragt:\ „Wie fühlst du dich als Geimpfter, wenn du eine Maske tragen musst, um die Ungeimpften zu schützen?“

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/was-ist-passiert-ein-buch-von-michael-sailer

\ Jemand antwortet:\ „Wovor sollte ein Geimpfter einen Ungeimpften schützen?\ 1. Der Geimpfte kann doch gar nicht krank werden, also auch niemanden anstecken, dachte ich?\ 2. Wenn der Geimpfte doch krank werden und andere anstecken kann, wozu hat er sich dann impfen lassen?\ 3. Und wozu sollte sich dann der Ungeimpfte impfen lassen?\ 4. Und wozu sollte dann überhaupt einer der beiden eine Maske tragen?“\ Jemand antwortet:\ „Das ist pure Querdenkerei. Solche kruden Theorien können Menschenleben zerstören.“\ „Eine bessere Parabel auf den religiösen Charakter des aktuellen Wahns könnte ich mir nicht ausdenken“,\ schreibt der Münchner Kolumnist Michael Sailer in seinem Buch Was ist passiert – Notate aus den Zeiten von Lüge und Krieg, das Ende Februar erschienen ist. Als neugieriger und zwangsläufig teilnehmende Beobachter analysiert, kommentiert und hinterfragt der Autor die gesellschaftlichen Abgründe, die sich 2020 und 2021 vor unser aller Augen auftaten.

Unser Autor Jonny Rieder hat es gelesen und eine Rezension verfasst.

Sprecher: Ulrich Allroggen

Bild: Radio München - Kunst: Isaac Cordal (Cement Eclipses)

@ dd7cea83:b60a37d3

777vin đã và đang trở thành một trong những nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến hàng đầu, mang đến cho người chơi những trải nghiệm đầy thú vị và độc đáo. Với thiết kế giao diện hiện đại, dễ sử dụng và dễ tiếp cận, nền tảng này không chỉ thu hút người chơi bởi các trò chơi phong phú mà còn bởi chất lượng vượt trội mà nó mang lại. Các trò chơi tại 777vin được phát triển với công nghệ tiên tiến, giúp người chơi có thể tận hưởng những giây phút thư giãn tuyệt vời mà không gặp phải sự gián đoạn nào. Bên cạnh đó, nền tảng này còn liên tục cập nhật và bổ sung thêm nhiều trò chơi mới, đáp ứng mọi sở thích và nhu cầu của người chơi. Từ những trò chơi mang tính giải trí nhẹ nhàng cho đến các trò chơi thử thách kỹ năng cao, 777vin đều có đủ để thỏa mãn những yêu cầu khắt khe nhất của người tham gia.

Một trong những yếu tố quan trọng khiến 777vin luôn được ưa chuộng chính là đội ngũ chăm sóc khách hàng chuyên nghiệp và nhiệt tình. Được đào tạo bài bản, đội ngũ hỗ trợ của 777vin luôn sẵn sàng giải quyết mọi thắc mắc và vấn đề của người chơi một cách nhanh chóng và hiệu quả. Hệ thống hỗ trợ 24/7 đảm bảo rằng người chơi có thể nhận được sự giúp đỡ bất cứ khi nào họ cần. Hơn nữa, 777vin đặc biệt chú trọng đến vấn đề bảo mật thông tin người dùng, với việc sử dụng các công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến nhất để đảm bảo rằng mọi giao dịch tài chính và thông tin cá nhân của người chơi đều được bảo vệ một cách an toàn tuyệt đối. Điều này mang đến cho người chơi một cảm giác yên tâm tuyệt đối, giúp họ có thể tận hưởng trải nghiệm chơi game mà không phải lo lắng về sự bảo mật hay các vấn đề khác.

Cuối cùng, 777vin luôn biết cách tạo ra những chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn và thú vị để thu hút người chơi quay lại với nền tảng của mình. Các ưu đãi, sự kiện đặc biệt và các phần thưởng giá trị không chỉ giúp người chơi có thêm động lực tham gia mà còn mang đến những cơ hội thú vị để trải nghiệm nhiều hơn. Nền tảng này cũng tổ chức các giải đấu, sự kiện giao lưu dành riêng cho những người chơi lâu dài, tạo dựng một cộng đồng gắn kết và sôi động. Với những yếu tố này, 777vin không chỉ là nơi giải trí mà còn là một không gian kết nối, nơi người chơi có thể học hỏi, chia sẻ và trải nghiệm những điều mới mẻ mỗi ngày. Chắc chắn rằng với chất lượng vượt trội và dịch vụ chăm sóc tận tâm, 777vin sẽ tiếp tục khẳng định vị thế của mình trong lĩnh vực giải trí trực tuyến.

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Spanien bleibt einer der Vorreiter im europäischen Prozess der totalen Überwachung per Digitalisierung. Seit Mittwoch ist dort der digitale Personalausweis verfügbar. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Regierungs-App, die auf dem Smartphone installiert werden muss und in den Stores von Google und Apple zu finden ist. Per Dekret von Regierungschef Pedro Sánchez und Zustimmung des Ministerrats ist diese Maßnahme jetzt in Kraft getreten.

Mit den üblichen Argumenten der Vereinfachung, des Komforts, der Effizienz und der Sicherheit preist das Innenministerium die «Innovation» an. Auch die Beteuerung, dass die digitale Variante parallel zum physischen Ausweis existieren wird und diesen nicht ersetzen soll, fehlt nicht. Während der ersten zwölf Monate wird «der Neue» noch nicht für alle Anwendungsfälle gültig sein, ab 2026 aber schon.

Dass die ganze Sache auch «Risiken und Nebenwirkungen» haben könnte, wird in den Mainstream-Medien eher selten thematisiert. Bestenfalls wird der Aspekt der Datensicherheit angesprochen, allerdings in der Regel direkt mit dem Regierungsvokabular von den «maximalen Sicherheitsgarantien» abgehandelt. Dennoch gibt es einige weitere Aspekte, die Bürger mit etwas Sinn für Privatsphäre bedenken sollten.

Um sich die digitale Version des nationalen Ausweises besorgen zu können (eine App mit dem Namen MiDNI), muss man sich vorab online registrieren. Dabei wird die Identität des Bürgers mit seiner mobilen Telefonnummer verknüpft. Diese obligatorische fixe Verdrahtung kennen wir von diversen anderen Apps und Diensten. Gleichzeitig ist das die Basis für eine perfekte Lokalisierbarkeit der Person.

Für jeden Vorgang der Identifikation in der Praxis wird später «eine Verbindung zu den Servern der Bundespolizei aufgebaut». Die Daten des Individuums werden «in Echtzeit» verifiziert und im Erfolgsfall von der Polizei signiert zurückgegeben. Das Ergebnis ist ein QR-Code mit zeitlich begrenzter Gültigkeit, der an Dritte weitergegeben werden kann.

Bei derartigen Szenarien sträuben sich einem halbwegs kritischen Staatsbürger die Nackenhaare. Allein diese minimale Funktionsbeschreibung lässt die totale Überwachung erkennen, die damit ermöglicht wird. Jede Benutzung des Ausweises wird künftig registriert, hinterlässt also Spuren. Und was ist, wenn die Server der Polizei einmal kein grünes Licht geben? Das wäre spätestens dann ein Problem, wenn der digitale doch irgendwann der einzig gültige Ausweis ist: Dann haben wir den abschaltbaren Bürger.

Dieser neue Vorstoß der Regierung von Pedro Sánchez ist ein weiterer Schritt in Richtung der «totalen Digitalisierung» des Landes, wie diese Politik in manchen Medien – nicht einmal kritisch, sondern sehr naiv – genannt wird. Ebenso verharmlosend wird auch erwähnt, dass sich das spanische Projekt des digitalen Ausweises nahtlos in die Initiativen der EU zu einer digitalen Identität für alle Bürger sowie des digitalen Euro einreiht.

In Zukunft könnte der neue Ausweis «auch in andere staatliche und private digitale Plattformen integriert werden», wie das Medienportal Cope ganz richtig bemerkt. Das ist die Perspektive.

[Titelbild: Pixabay]

Dazu passend:

Nur Abschied vom Alleinfahren? Monströse spanische Überwachungsprojekte gemäß EU-Norm

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Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ 0f9da413:01bd07d7

หลังจากจบทริปเที่ยวพัทยาเรียบร้อยแล้วก็ได้เดินทางไปยังเกาะช้างโดยติดรถเจ้าหน้าที่ในที่ทำงานไปไปเกาะช้างครั้งแรกรู้สึกว่ามันไกลเหลือเกินไปค่อนข้างยากหากไม่มีรถส่วนตัว ถ้าให้ไปส่วนตัวก็คงต้องอยู่นานๆ หน่อยชักแบบอาทิตย์หนึ่ง ใช้ชีวิตแบบฝรั่งเที่ยวอยู่ง่ายๆ กินง่ายๆ จากที่ดูในแผนที่ btcmap แล้วพบว่าก็มีร้านที่ปักหมุดไว้อยู่ทั้งหมดสองร้านด้วยกันซึ่งระยะทางก็ค่อนข้างซันเหมือนกัน และมีเนินสูงต่ำสลับกันไป หากไม่มีรถส่วนตัวไปนี่ค่อนข้่างลำบากพอสมควร ต้องเช่ามอไซต์ไป อันนี้ก็เช่าไปเหมือนกัน โดยผมเช่ามอไซต์ 1 วันวันละ 200 บาท (แต่มัดจำ 3000 บาท) ก็เอาเรื่องเหมือนกัน และก็มาเริ่มต้นที่ร้านแรกเลยคือ

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Mr. A Coffee

ร้านอาหารสไตล์บ้านๆ ที่ขายอาหาร น้ำ เครื่องดื่ม มีทั้งอาหารไทยและอาหารฝรั่ง ส่วนตัวก็ขับรถมอไซต์มายังสถานที่แห่งนี้ทางเข้าไปยังร้านเป็นหมู่บ้านเล็กๆ ไม่มีถนนเข้า แต่มอไซต์เข้าไปได้พอสมควร ตอนนั้นค่อนข้างเย็นมากแล้ว ได้มาสั่งอาหารมาคือ ข้าวเหนียวมะม่วงกับน้ำแก้วมังกรปั่นแบบไม่หวาน (ทั้งๆที่ตัวเองก็จะเตรียมไปกินบุ๊ปเฟ่อีกหนึ่งชั่วโมงข้างหน้า 555) ก็ได้สั่งไปแล้วก็ถามว่ารับ bitcoin ไหมครับ เจ้าของร้านก็บอกว่า รับๆ ผมกับเจ้าของร้านก็ได้พูดคุยกันเกือบประมาณครึ่งชั่วโมง ซึ่งหากผมมาเร็วกว่านี้หน่อยก็คงได้คุยกันยาวๆ แล้วละ ซึ่งเป็นการคุยที่สนุกมากซึ่งตัวเจ้าของร้านเองก็ได้เล่าถึงเหตุผลที่รับ bitcoin เหมือนกันว่าช่วง โควิดตอนปี 2020 ที่ผ่านมา บนเกาะช้างไม่มีอะไรเลยชาวบ้านก็ต้องไปหารากไม้ หาเห็ดตามป่าเขากัน แต่พี่เจ้าของร้านได้รู้จักกับฝรั่งคนหนึ่งเขาช่วยเหลือพี่เจ้าของร้านด้วยการบริจาคบิทคอยให้ และคนนี้ก็เป็นคนสอนให้เขารับบิทคอยโดยใช้ WOS และเจ้าของร้านก็เล่าให้ผมฟังเพิ่มเติม ณ ปัจจุบันว่า คนเราเองก็ยังต้องมีสภาพคล่องในการใช้งานอยู่ ตั้งมีเงิน fiat ไว้ส่วนหนึ่ง ส่วนบิทคอยที่ได้เขาได้ก็เก็บไว้เพื่อสร้างเป็นทรัพย์สินในอนาคตที่หากมีปัญหาช่วงไหนก็นำมาขายได้ ก็แลก P2P โดยตรง ซึ่งผมค่อนข้างตกใจเพราะเขาเรียนรู้จากการรับบิทคอยโดยนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติที่ชวนเขาให้รับ เผื่อว่าจะมีฝรั่งมาใช้งานบิทคอย ณ สถานที่ร้านแห่งนี้

กึมมิคที่หลายท่านอาจจะต้องลุ้นหน่อยว่าหากมีโอกาสได้ไปเที่ยวและแวะที่ร้าน ก็คงต้่องลุ้นว่าคุณจะได้จ่ายด้วย bitcoin ไหม หากวันนั้นเจ้าของร้านไม่อยากรับเพราะว่าโคต้ารับบิทคอยวันนั้นเต็มแล้ว ฮ่าๆ รูปแบบระบบวาสนาร้านสูญของคุณมิกตอนเมื่อก่อน (เหมือนกันเลย) จริงๆ แล้วหากมีเวลามากพอก็คงได้พูดคุยกับพี่เจ้าของร้านสนุกๆกันไป ผมชอบความเรียบง่ายของร้านพี่เขา และมีอาหารหลากหลายอย่างเต็มไปหมด อีกเรื่องอย่างข้าวเหนียวมะม่วง ผมยังจำได้ว่าเมื่อก่อนมีแต่ช่วงฤดูเดียวที่สามารถกินมะม่วงสุกได้ หรือ อาหารแบบข้าวเหนียวมะม่วง แต่ปัจจุบันคือถ้าจะกิน ข้าวเหนียวมะม่วงแล้ว สามารถสั่งกินได้ตลอดทั้งปีกันเลยซึ่งก็โอเครพอสมควร แบบอยากไปทะเลตอนหน้าฝนแล้วอยากกินข้าวเหนียวมะม่วงของหน้าร้อนแบบนี้

ท้ายสุดร้าน Mr. A Coffee เป็นร้านที่ถ้านั่งชิวๆ แบบฝรั่งก็สามารถอยู่ได้ยาวๆ เลยนะจิบกาแฟ ทำงาน WFH ล้่อมรอบโดยธรรมชาติ แต่เส้นทางมาที่ร้านก็ลำบากหน่อยเหมาะกับคนที่ local จริงๆ low time ระดับหนึ่ง ท้ายสุดผมเองก็แจกสติกเกอร์ของพี่แชมป์เอาไปให้เจ้าของร้านแจกกันต่อไป

งานนี้ทั้งข้าวเหนียวมะม่วงและน้ำแก้วมังกรปั่น เสีย sats ไปทั้งหมด 6,050 sats แต่สิ่งที่ได้คือการแลกเปลี่ยนมุมมองกับเจ้าของร้านกับจุดเริ่มต้นของการรับบิทคอยในพื้นที่เกาะช้างแห่งนี้ และหากมีโอกาสอาจจะไปพักอยู่แถวนั้นชักอาทิตย์และแวะมาอุดหนุนร้านนี้ตลอด เพราะวิวฝั่งใต้สุดของเกาะช้างก็ยังคงความสวยงามไม่แพ้กับฝั่งทิศตะวันตกที่ฝรั่งอยู่กัน แต่ฝั่งใต้โซนนี้ก็มีความที่เป็นบ้านไม้ เพิงง่ายๆ ที่ชาวต่างชาติชอบกันอยู่ :)

Google-map: https://maps.app.goo.gl/b45JGeTzL6Lwwi9i9

BTC-map: https://btcmap.org/merchant/node:12416107504

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**Koh Chang Wine Gallery **

และเราก็ย้อนกลับมาอีกร้านหนึ่งในวันถัดไปและเป็นวันที่จะต้องออกจากเกาะช้างเช่นเดียวกัน และผมก็ไม่พลาดร้าน Koh Chang Wine Gallery ตั้งอยู่ในโซนหมู่บ้านแหล่งท่องเที่ยวเส้นทางถนนทางตะวันตก ร้านนี้ไม่ได้มีป้ายรับบิทคอย แต่รับชำระด้วยบิทคอยซึ่งเป็นฝรั่งท่านหนึ่งที่คาดว่าน่าจะแต่งงานกับภรรยาคนไทย เป็นร้านสไตล์แบบฝรั่งเลย ผมเองก็สั่งสเต็กเนื้อไป และน้ำมะม่วงปั่น (ไม่รู้เวลาไปเกาะทีไรติดใจกับน้ำมะม่วงปั่น) อาจจะไม่ได้พูดคุยอะไรมากมายนัก แต่ก็หมดไป 32,620 sats เป็นร้านอาหารเช้าและอาหารแนวฝรั่งตรงๆ ถือว่าค่อนข้างอร่อยใช้ได้ดีเลยทีเดียว แต่หากจะจ่ายด้วยบิทคอยก็ต้องแจ้งก่อนนะว่าขอจ่ายด้วยบิทคอยก่อน เหมือนพี่ฝรั่งที่เขารับตอนนี้ก็รับแต่เฉพาะ bitcoin อย่างเดียวเมื่อก่อนรับ xrp กับ doge ด้วยแต่ผมเองเวลาคุยกับฝรั่งก็เหงื่อแตกเหมือนกัน (รึว่าเพราะมันร้อน บนเกาะก็อบอ้าวใช้ได้ 555+)

Google-map: https://maps.app.goo.gl/6QbNgRbiV5Uao2Xz8

BTC-map: https://btcmap.org/merchant/node:11461720813

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เส้นทางไปร้านค่อนข้างง่ายติดถนนในหมู่บ้าน ซึ่งหากมายังเกาะช้างแล้วหากขึ้นฝั่งมาแล้วเลี้ยวขวาก็จะขับรถหรือนั่งรถมาเส้นถนนฝั่งตะวันตกของเกาะก็จะพบกับร้านนี้ก่อน อันนี้แล้วแต่ความสะดวกแต่ละท่านเลยครับหากได้มีโอกาสแวะมาเกาะช้างและอยากใช้จ่าย bitcoin เราก็มีทางเลือกร้านในสองสไตล์กันเลย แบบวิถีฝรั่งตอนเช้าก็ร้าน Koh Chang Wine Gallery หรือ แบบ Local ก็ Mr. A Coffee หรือไปทังคู่เลยจะดีมากแต่ต้องบ้าหน่อย เพราะเส้นทางไปก็ค่อนข้างลำบากพอควรเหมือนกัน หมายถึงมีภูเขาชันมีทางขึ้นลงหักศอกนิดหน่อยก็เท่านั้นเอง

รวมๆ ทริปบนเกาะช้างนี้ก็หมดไปไม่เยอะมาก 38,670 sats ก็จะตัวลอยเบาๆ หน่อย (สำรวจเมื่อ มีนาคม 2025 อนาคตอาจจะมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงได้) สำหรับจากนี้จะเป็นการ ปสก. ส่วนตัวกับการใช้งาน Bitcoin Lightning ตามสถานที่ที่ได้เดินทาง Part 3 จะเป็นสถานที่ในพื้นที่หาดใหญ่ จังหวัดสงขลา และ เสริมประสบการณ์การเดินทางโดยรถไฟระยะเวลาเกือบ 18 ชั่วโมง พร้อมด้วยมิตรสหายในรังอย่างกัปตัน จะป่วนแค่ไหนก็รอติดตามกันครับ :)

@ 5cf42f9d:4465eebf

@ ba36d0f7:cd802cba

1. Essential Rules

✔ Touch-Move: If you touch a piece, you must move it (if legal). ✔ Check Alert: Say "check" when attacking the enemy king (optional in tournaments). ✔ Checkmate Ends: The game stops immediately—no need to capture the king. ✔ Draw Offers: You can offer a draw after your move, before pressing the clock.

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2. Tournament Etiquette

• Handshake: Before and after the game.

• Silence: No talking during play (except "check" or "draw?").

• Clock: Press with the same hand that moved.

• Resignation: Tip over your king or say "I resign" (don’t just leave).

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3. Online Chess Manners

No Stalling: Let the timer run out only if you’ve truly lost.

GG Message: Say "Good game" (or "GG") after playing.

Avoid "Berserking": Don’t abuse speed settings to rush opponents.

Common Faux Pas ❌ Jangling pieces to distract. ❌ Glaring at your opponent’s board. ❌ Cheating (using engines, peeking at other games).

@ dd7cea83:b60a37d3

NH88 nổi bật là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến mang đến nhiều trải nghiệm độc đáo cho người chơi. Với giao diện hiện đại và dễ sử dụng, NH88 đã thu hút hàng triệu người tham gia từ nhiều nơi trên thế giới. Nền tảng này không chỉ nổi bật nhờ vào kho trò chơi đa dạng mà còn đảm bảo chất lượng vượt trội trong từng chi tiết. Các trò chơi tại NH88 được thiết kế bắt mắt, mượt mà, giúp người chơi tận hưởng những giây phút thư giãn mà không bị gián đoạn. Hơn nữa, NH88 còn chú trọng vào việc cập nhật và phát triển các trò chơi mới thường xuyên, giúp người chơi luôn tìm thấy sự mới mẻ và hứng thú khi tham gia. Từ các trò chơi giải trí nhẹ nhàng đến các trò chơi mang tính thử thách cao, tất cả đều có sẵn tại NH88, đáp ứng được nhu cầu và sở thích đa dạng của cộng đồng người chơi.

Điều làm nên sự khác biệt của NH88 so với các nền tảng khác chính là sự chăm sóc đặc biệt dành cho người dùng. Đội ngũ hỗ trợ khách hàng của NH88 luôn túc trực 24/7, sẵn sàng giải quyết mọi thắc mắc và hỗ trợ người chơi một cách nhanh chóng và hiệu quả. Không chỉ vậy, nền tảng này còn chú trọng bảo mật thông tin cá nhân và tài chính của người chơi, giúp họ cảm thấy an tâm khi tham gia. Công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến được áp dụng tại NH88 đảm bảo mọi giao dịch và thông tin của người chơi đều được bảo vệ an toàn tuyệt đối. Điều này góp phần tạo nên một không gian giải trí đáng tin cậy, nơi người chơi có thể thoải mái trải nghiệm mà không phải lo ngại về sự bảo mật hay các vấn đề kỹ thuật.

Một yếu tố quan trọng khác giúp NH88 trở thành sự lựa chọn ưu tiên của nhiều người chơi là các chương trình khuyến mãi và ưu đãi hấp dẫn. Các chương trình này không chỉ giúp người chơi nhận được những phần thưởng giá trị mà còn khuyến khích họ quay lại tham gia thường xuyên hơn. NH88 liên tục tổ chức các sự kiện đặc biệt và các ưu đãi hấp dẫn để tạo ra một môi trường cạnh tranh lành mạnh và thú vị. Bên cạnh đó, nền tảng này còn có hệ thống thưởng đặc biệt dành cho những người chơi lâu dài, từ đó khích lệ và tạo động lực cho cộng đồng người chơi. Nhờ vào sự kết hợp giữa chất lượng dịch vụ, bảo mật cao và các chương trình khuyến mãi đặc sắc, NH88 đã tạo dựng được một cộng đồng người chơi đông đảo và trung thành, khẳng định vị thế vững chắc trong ngành giải trí trực tuyến.

@ dd7cea83:b60a37d3

VF88 đã nhanh chóng trở thành một trong những nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến hàng đầu, nổi bật với sự đa dạng về các trò chơi và tính năng mà nó mang lại. Với một giao diện dễ sử dụng và dễ tiếp cận, VF88 đã thu hút được hàng triệu người tham gia, tạo nên một cộng đồng người chơi vô cùng sôi động. Nền tảng này không chỉ cung cấp những trò chơi yêu thích của nhiều người mà còn thường xuyên cập nhật và phát triển thêm các trò chơi mới lạ, hấp dẫn. Các trò chơi tại VF88 được thiết kế để người chơi có thể trải nghiệm một cách mượt mà, không gặp phải bất kỳ sự gián đoạn nào trong suốt quá trình tham gia. Chính sự đổi mới và không ngừng cải tiến này đã giúp VF88 tạo ra một không gian giải trí đỉnh cao, nơi người chơi có thể tìm thấy sự hứng thú và thử thách mỗi ngày.

Bên cạnh đó, chất lượng dịch vụ và sự hỗ trợ khách hàng tại VF88 là một điểm cộng lớn khiến nền tảng này luôn nhận được sự tín nhiệm từ người chơi. Đội ngũ hỗ trợ khách hàng của VF88 luôn sẵn sàng hỗ trợ 24/7, đảm bảo rằng mọi vấn đề của người chơi đều được giải quyết kịp thời và hiệu quả. Ngoài ra, VF88 còn đặc biệt chú trọng đến bảo mật thông tin của người chơi, sử dụng công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến để bảo vệ thông tin cá nhân cũng như tài chính của người tham gia. Với những cam kết về sự bảo mật và chất lượng dịch vụ, người chơi có thể hoàn toàn yên tâm khi trải nghiệm những trò chơi thú vị tại VF88 mà không phải lo lắng về vấn đề bảo mật hay gián đoạn dịch vụ.

Một yếu tố không thể thiếu làm nên sự thành công của VF88 chính là việc nền tảng này không ngừng sáng tạo và mang đến cho người chơi những chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn, giúp nâng cao trải nghiệm giải trí của người tham gia. Những chương trình ưu đãi này không chỉ giúp người chơi nhận được những phần thưởng giá trị mà còn tạo cơ hội để họ quay lại và tham gia nhiều hơn. Hệ thống khuyến mãi của VF88 được cập nhật liên tục, mang đến nhiều cơ hội cho người chơi tận hưởng những phần thưởng và dịch vụ đặc biệt. Với sự kết hợp giữa chất lượng dịch vụ vượt trội, bảo mật cao và những chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn, VF88 đã khẳng định được vị thế vững mạnh trong ngành giải trí trực tuyến, xứng đáng là một lựa chọn ưu tiên của người chơi.

@ 3c7dc2c5:805642a8

🧠Quote(s) of the week:

CBDC the digital euro - a centralized solution in search of a problem. While the ECB may see it as a way to 'modernize' finance, true innovation comes from empowering individuals, not consolidating control. CBDCs are just surveillance tools disguised as innovation. Bitcoin is the only true digital money—decentralized, scarce, and free. Stack sats, not CBDCs.

🧡Bitcoin news🧡

2025 https://i.ibb.co/vx988kT1/Gn-Ix-Dp-YWs-AASkiw.jpg

On the 24th of March:

➡️The Pakistan central bank is exploring mining Bitcoin with excess electricity.

➡️'MicroStrategy just added another 7,000 Bitcoin to their treasury. They're now holding over 506,000 BTC ($44 billion). Look at the corporate Bitcoin ownership breakdown: - MicroStrategy: 506,000+ BTC - Marathon: ~46,000 BTC (10x smaller) - Riot: ~19,000 BTC (26x smaller) That acquisition curve has gone parabolic since Q4 2024. Strategy's buying pace now rivals what we're seeing from the Bitcoin ETFs, a single public company absorbing supply at an institutional scale. Clear institutional conviction signal here.' -Ecoinometrics

➡️SQUARE CEO JACK DORSEY: "Bitcoin will make the current financial system feel as irrelevant as the fax machine."

On the 25th of March:

➡️'BITCOIN HASH-RIBBON FLASHES BUY SIGNAL 

• This is one of the most reliable "buy" indicators. 
• Significant price gains have followed 7 out of the last 7 times this indicator was triggered.' -Bitcoin Archive (foto) Bitcoin is always a buy. Just DCA.

➡️GameStop includes Bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset in its investment policy update. GameStop has $4.6 billion in cash to invest.

➡️Strategy’s sale of 8.5 million STRF shares closes today, unlocking $711 million in new capital to buy more Bitcoin.

➡️BBC News reports from a remote community of 15,000 people in the far north-western tip of Zambia relying on hydroelectric power, “The bitcoin mine now accounts for around 30% of the plant's revenue allowing them to keep the prices down for the local town” - Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cly4xe373p4o Gridless is doing a splendid job in Africa and showing through proof-of-work that if you aren't mining Bitcoin, you are wasting energy. It's time for such communities to appear more around the world.

Daniel Batten: 'They couldn't resist zooming out and implying this is an outlier (it isn't, the majority of off-grid bitcoin mining operations are renewably powered). In doing so BBC made three factually incorrect statements at the end about Bitcoin mining straining grids (multiple peer-reviewed studies show the opposite is true), and "Greenidge gas power plant in New York which was renovated to mine bitcoin" (it didn't, it re-opened to supply power back to the grid), and stating that Bitcoin mining needs artificial govt incentives or rules to do the right thing (It doesn't, it's become 56.7% sustainably powered without any govt incentives)

But let's shine the light on the positive - it has far fewer factually incorrect statements than previous reporting, and it is a step in the right direction in its gradual journey towards objective Bitcoin reporting for a media company that has until now only published negative news stories on Bitcoin.'

➡️Femke Halsema, Mayor of Amsterdam, wants a national ban on Bitcoin payments: "It undermines our civilization".

I rather believe the opposite.

Under Femke Halsema - Amsterdam

• The number of civil servants increased by 50% (14K -> 20K)

• Debt increased by 150% (4 billion -> approx. 10 billion)

Despite high revenues, Amsterdam has to borrow nearly half a billion euros every year. Local taxes continue to rise, whether it's water authority taxes or property taxes (OZB). But, above all, you should be concerned about those 0.3% criminal Bitcoin / Crypto transactions (worldwide). The audacity.

Even if the Netherlands were to legally ban Bitcoin payments, users could easily continue trading through foreign exchanges or peer-to-peer platforms. A ban might actually push Bitcoin usage further underground, making oversight of suspicious transactions worse rather than better.

➡️Mt. Gox moves 11.501 Bitcoin ($1B) for creditor repayment.

➡️BlackRock launched a European Bitcoin ETP today - Bloomberg

➡️North Carolina introduces a bill to invest 5% of state funds into Bitcoin.

On the 26th of March:

➡️NYDIG just became a big Bitcoin miner. Crusoe, the first to scale Bitcoin mining off flared gas (~200MW worth, across 425 data centers) has sold its entire Bitcoin mining business to NYDIG.

➡️Metaplanet has raised ~$55.2m (¥8.28b) of equity capital through three trading days this week while partially deleveraging with the redemption of $23.3m (¥3.5b) of 0% ordinary bonds.

➡️GameStop can service a loan of up to $100 BILLION for 4.6 years with its existing $4.6b cash balance at 1% interest.  That's twice the amount of Bitcoin Michael Saylor's Strategy currently holds.

➡️New feature by Protonmail enables their 100 million users to send Bitcoin using their email addresses.

➡️The Blockchain Group confirms the acquisition of 580 BTC for ~€47.3 million, the holding of a total of 620 BTC, and a BTC Yield of 709.8% YTD.

→ Confirmation of the acquisition of 580 BTC for ~€47.3 million at ~€81,550 per bitcoin

→ Total group holdings of 620 BTC for ~€50.5 million at ~€81,480 per bitcoin

→ Adoption of ‘BTC Yield’, ‘BTC Gain’, and ‘BTC € Gain’ as KPIs, following the steps of Strategy and Metaplanet

This is a major step in our Bitcoin Treasury Company strategy focused on increasing Bitcoin per share over time.

Source: https://t.co/QDj61ZDe6O

The Blockchain Group is Europe's First Bitcoin Treasury Company!

On the 27th of March:

➡️'Bitcoin's 4-year Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is at historic lows.' -Pierre Rochard

➡️Daniel Batten: Yet another paper on Bitcoin and energy TL:DR: "The opportunities offered by bitcoin mining in reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions and renewable energy transition are greater than generally assumed" The journal has a (high) impact factor of 7.1."

Source: https://t.co/W3gytMgcpC

➡️A home miner with only 4 machines mined block 888737.

https://i.ibb.co/7xm91R4t/Gn-Ef-H9y-Ws-AA4jkn.jpg

Bitcoin proves anyone can participate and earn—true freedom!

➡️'Short-Term Holders have increased their Bitcoin holdings by 201,743 BTC to 5,750,076 BTC since January, remaining below previous cycle peaks. 200K BTC are currently held at an unrealized loss, representing about $17B.' -Bitcoin News

➡️Bitcoin mining hardware manufacturer Canaan signs a three-year colocation agreement with Mawson Infrastructure Group's Mawson Hosting LLC for facilities in Midland, Pennsylvania, and Edna, Texas. Most of the 4.7 EH/s hashrate is expected to be operational by Q2 2025.

On the 28th of March:

➡️If Saylor had bet on ETH instead of Bitcoin, Strategy would be down $9 billion, instead of up $9 billion like they are today. ETHBTC made fresh lows 0.02210. Ether is down 74% against Bitcoin since switching from proof of work to proof of stake. Yikes!

➡️Representative introduces a strategic Bitcoin reserve bill in South Carolina.

➡️A Russian company built a Bitcoin mine in the Arctic. Set in the frozen city of Norilsk, the facility taps into cheap excess energy from one of the world's most isolated industrial hubs.

➡️The price of bitcoin has nearly followed the same phases of volatility for 15 years, according to Fidelity.

https://i.ibb.co/LdQfrqG0/Gn-Ig-Skd-XMAAi-L3r.jpg

another great chart:

https://i.ibb.co/G4WmDjhd/Gn-JED1q-Xk-AAq-Kqk.jpg

On the 29th of March:

➡️Public miner MARA with a $2B common stock offering to buy more Bitcoin. https://i.ibb.co/PZZxXJ37/Gn-Kj-Vqza-EAEUG-V.png

➡️California has officially included Bitcoin Rights protections in its newly proposed digital asset bill. If passed, it will guarantee the right to self-custody for nearly 40M residents and prohibit discrimination against Bitcoin use.

➡️The number of addresses with more than one Bitcoin has fallen below 1 million, standing today at 995,207.

On the 31st of March:

➡️Larry Fink, Founder/CEO of BlackRock in his annual letter to shareholders: “If the U.S. doesn't get its debt under control, if deficits keep ballooning, America risks losing that position to digital assets like Bitcoin."

https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/literature/presentation/larry-fink-annual-chairmans-letter.pdf

➡️Strategy has acquired 22,048 BTC for ~$1.92 billion at ~$86,969 per bitcoin and has achieved a BTC Yield of 11.0% YTD 2025. As of 3/30/2025, Strategy holds 528,185 $BTC acquired for ~$35.63 billion at ~$67,458 per bitcoin.

➡️ The Bitcoin Policy Institute releases a framework for the USA to buy $200 billion worth of #Bitcoin using Bit Bonds.

➡️Is Indonesia the next Bitcoin Country? Bitcoin Indonesia mapped out the entire Bitcoin ecosystem.

A new map shows Bitcoin adoption EXPLODING across the Southeast Asian island nation of Indonesia. Check out all the communities, projects, and businesses embracing Bitcoin. The revolution is happening.

https://i.ibb.co/cXL8mC0x/Gnbdg-Lub-IAAdwcb.jpg

On the 1st of April:

➡️'Over 73,353 BTC were bought by corporations in Q1 2025. Only 40,500 BTC new Bitcoin was mined, but still no supply shock, for now... Which company do you want to see adopt BTC next?'

Here is the breakdown by Alec: https://x.com/Alec_Bitcoin/status/1907062290345783723

➡️After skeptics questioned Tether’s Bitcoin holdings, CEO Paolo Ardoino fired back, sharing the company’s BTC address with a confirmed balance of 92,646 BTC. On the same day Tether bought 8,888 Bitcoin worth $735 million as per on-chain data. They now hold over 100,000 BTC.

➡️'GameStop just raised $1.48B. They are expected to use that and possibly more of the now $6B+ on their balance sheet to buy Bitcoin. A master class on how to pivot from meme stock to capitalize on volatility in the ultimate store of value.' -James Lavish

➡️Texas' state house Democrats have proposed a bill that would authorize up to $250 million in state investment in Bitcoin and up to $10 million for each municipality and county.

➡️Human Rights Foundation donates 10 Bitcoins worth $830,000 to over 20 projects worldwide.

Alex Gladstein: '1 billion sats gifted carefully to a variety of stellar organizations and individuals to support BTC privacy, decentralization, education, and p2p use, aimed at folks working under authoritarianism.'

💸Traditional Finance / Macro:

On the 29th of March

👉🏽'From Wednesday to Friday, the S&P 500 lost -$100 billion PER trading hour for a total of -$2 TRILLION. Then, after the market closed on Friday, S&P 500 futures erased ANOTHER -$120 billion in minutes.' -TKL

🏦Banks:

👉🏽 no news

🌎Macro/Geopolitics:

On the 24th of March:

👉🏽Financelot: 'This is fascinating. The Dow Jones to Gold Ratio is about to cross a level only seen 4 times in history. Every time it crossed this level it marked the beginning of an 18-month recession/depression. 1929, 1973, 2008 & 2025' I don't think we won't see a depression. History rhymes but doesn't always mean it will repeat, although human behavior stays the same. For now, it means the market is overvalued, gold is undervalued, or both.

👉🏽US household wealth is falling: US household equity wealth is set to drop a whopping -$3 trillion this quarter, the most since the 2022 bear market, according to BofA estimates. By comparison, equity holdings rose +$9 trillion in 2024 to a record $56 trillion. In other words, one-third of last year's gains have likely been wiped out due to the recent market pullback.

Furthermore, the top 10% of the wealthiest Americans own 87% of US stocks. This, in turn, may negatively impact consumer spending as the top 10% reflect a record 50% of all consumer expenditures. Consumer spending is set to slow in Q2 2025.' -TKL

👉🏽Demolition of the Boiler House at Moorburg Power Plant in Hamburg. Germany is preparing for combat by dynamiting its own modern energy infrastructure down. This was the most advanced coal plant. 6 years old and cost three billion euros. The Netherlands is following a similar policy—they poured concrete into their gas drilling pipes.

BowTiedMara on Twitter: "In 2022, a girl tied herself to the net at Roland Garros in protest, and she wore a T-shirt that said: "We have 1,028 days left." Today, the 27th of March, marks those 1,028 days, and nothing happened. Climate doomers are like Aztecs who think the sun stops unless they cut out some organs."

👉🏽Starting in April, the 66,000 employees of the European institutions will receive their seventh salary increase in just three years! Normally, this happens at most once per year. The President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, will see the largest increase, with her monthly salary rising to €34,800—an increase of €2,700—according to a report by the German newspaper Bild-Zeitung today.

For the Dutch readers: https://ejbron.wordpress.com/2025/03/24/eu-bureaucraten-en-politici-krijgen-de-7e-salarisverhoging-sinds-2022/

They are compensating for the inflation they impose on the EU. Lucky them Fair to say we need a DOGE in Europe.

On the 25th of March:

👉🏽Dutch minister announces a huge increase in excise duties of 25.8 cents on gasoline. On top of that, the price of gasoline will rise by an additional 7 cents due to the blending requirement and 11 cents due to the ETS-2 regulation. In a free market, prices would not be announced by politicians but would emerge through supply and demand. How I love the EU....although it is a bit more nuanced. The temporary discount is ending. Unless the parliament decides to extend it, the price of gasoline will rise. The Dutch government should simply spend less and abolish all taxes, excise duties, and levies on food, fuel, and energy. Never gonna happen though.

👉🏽"Shell will be thoroughly reviewing all its chemical divisions worldwide in the coming period. In Europe, this could lead to the partial or complete closure of various chemical branches." As mentioned multiple times last month, major industrial companies sounded the alarm. They warned that high energy costs in the Netherlands put their future at risk. Additionally, sustainability efforts and unclear government policies are challenging the sector. Frans Everts, President-Director of Shell Netherlands, warned that the entire industry could collapse.

The Green Deal is moving full speed ahead—soon everyone will be relying on food banks…

For the Dutch readers: https://nos.nl/artikel/2561036-shell-kijkt-naar-gedeeltelijke-sluiting-van-chemie-onderdelen

On the 26th of March:

👉🏽EU countries will start using a digital driver’s license from 2030. This is the result of negotiations between the European Parliament and EU member states. In the Netherlands, the digital license will be valid for ten years and will be accessible via an app. And we all know which app that will be! The EU Digital Wallet must be filled, after all.

Not just your driver’s license—everything will soon be linked to your digital identity. It’s all right there on the EU’s website, and it’s been planned for a long time. The COVID pass was already part of the rollout. The fact that they present these as separate steps just shows that they know people wouldn’t accept it if they were fully aware of what’s happening.

On the 27th of March:

👉🏽Gold surpasses $3,100 for the first time in history. TKL: 'Gold prices have hit 50 all-time highs over the last 12 months, its best streak in 12 years. This is also the 3rd-longest streak on record after a historic run during the late 1970s. The 1970s came with a period of double-digit inflation, stagnant economic growth, and a high unemployment rate, also known as stagflation. As a result, gold prices recorded 4 consecutive yearly gains.'

On the 31st of March for the first time, gold blasted through $100,000/kilogram. This time, gold prices have rallied 39% over the last 12 months, are up 16% year-to-date, and are on track for the 3rd annual positive performance.'

👉🏽NATO Secretary General Rutte insists there will be no normalization of relations with Russia for decades to come.

On March 14, 2025, Bloomberg, Rutte says: "Once the war is over, relations with Russia will gradually be restored."

On March 26, 2025, Rutte said: "There will be no normalization of relations with Russia for decades, even after the war is over."

That is the Mark I know!

"Mark Rutte, the long-serving Dutch Prime Minister, earned the nickname “Pinokkio” (Dutch for Pinocchio) primarily because of perceived dishonesty or evasiveness in political debates and scandals. While some still view Rutte as a pragmatic and stable leader, the nickname “Pinokkio” reflects a broader public sentiment of distrust, especially among those who felt betrayed by his communication style or decisions.”

On the 28th of March:

👉🏽US consumers now expect 5.0%(!) inflation in the next twelve months. Inflation expectations have DOUBLED in just four months. That's huge! Long-term US inflation expectations have officially SURGED to 4.1%, the highest level since 1993. Tariff front-running has led to a $300+ BILLION trade deficit in 2 months, and consumer sentiment has collapsed.

Atlanta Fed is now projecting that Q1 GDP will be -2.8%… a large contraction. It’s negative even “gold adjusted”

4 weeks ago it was +2.3%

8 weeks ago it was +3.9%

Yikes!

👉🏽The State Department is officially shutting down USAID and has formally notified Congress of its closure. The remaining 900 employees are set to be terminated.

👉🏽Argentina’s Economy Grows 6.5% in January. Argentina’s Poverty Rate Drops from 52.9% to 38.1% in 15 Months Under Javier Milei

👉🏽Fix the money, fix the world:

DOGE “There is actually really only ONE BANK ACCOUNT that's used to disperse ALL monies that go out of the federal government” “It's a big one — A couple of weeks ago it had $800 billion in it, it's the treasury general account”

“We're serving 580+ agencies. And up until very recently, effectively they could say, make the payment and Treasury just sent it out as fast as possible. NO VERIFICATION”

“There's a $500 billion of fraud every year. There are hundreds of billion dollars of improper payments and we can't pass an audit. The consolidated financial report is produced by treasury and we cannot pass an audit”

Extremely fascinating interview by Bret Baier with the highly talented and competent DOGE team, which is rigorously streamlining the U.S. government bureaucracy. This work can only be done by competent (and motivated) outsiders with experience. Also urgently needed in the Netherlands, and in Europe.

On the 29th of March:

👉🏽'US debt has been "limited" by the $36.104 trillion debt ceiling since January but the liabilities don't stop rising. As of today, US debt is now ~$37 trillion. Treasury has burned through $560BN of its cash balance in the past month. Just $280BN left.' -ZeroHedge

On the 1st of April:

In recent weeks, I have shared my opinion on the latest Dutch pension fund drama. This week:

https://i.ibb.co/96ZhS0W/Gn-XEVQRXw-AM6b0-A.jpg

APG and pension funds refused to invest in Dutch housing (for political reasons). This involved 25 billion euros.

Currently we almost have a political scandal over a medal, but the fact that our pension system is being put at risk...no biggie!?

For our own housing market? “Too political.” For war and Brussels' military ambitions? €100,000,000,000—no problem.

They’re gambling with your pension while first-time buyers can’t afford a home and seniors struggle to make ends meet. Our money, their agenda.

Got Bitcoin?

I will end this Weekly Recap with a Stanley Druckenmiller quote:

"My favorite quote of all time is maybe Mark Twain: "Put all your eggs in one basket and watch the basket carefully."

"I tend to think that's what great investors do."

I know what I do and have. Bitcoin!

🎁If you have made it this far I would like to give you a little gift:

What Bitcoin Did: Peter Dunworth is the Director of a multi-family office and is the co-founder of The Bitcoin Adviser. In this episode, they discuss why Bitcoin is the only asset that can recapitalize the financial system, why Peter believes Bitcoin could become a $100 trillion asset within a decade, why credit markets are ultimately a collateral problem, and why financializing Bitcoin might be necessary to save Main Street from being collateral damage. They also get into Australia's property obsession, GameStop’s pivot to Bitcoin, the difference between Bitcoin derivatives and the asset itself, and MicroStrategy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bSprc0IAow

Credit: I have used multiple sources!

My savings account: Bitcoin The tool I recommend for setting up a Bitcoin savings plan: PocketBitcoin especially suited for beginners or people who want to invest in Bitcoin with an automated investment plan once a week or monthly.

Use the code SE3997

Get your Bitcoin out of exchanges. Save them on a hardware wallet, run your own node...be your own bank. Not your keys, not your coins. It's that simple. ⠀ ⠀

⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀⠀

Do you think this post is helpful to you? If so, please share it and support my work with a zap.

▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃

⭐ Many thanks⭐

Felipe - Bitcoin Friday!

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@ 6919d8ac:737b2c45

Nos últimos anos, o mercado de plataformas de entretenimento digital no Brasil tem experimentado um crescimento significativo. Entre as diversas opções que surgem a cada dia, o BATEUBET se destaca como uma plataforma inovadora e empolgante, voltada para o público brasileiro que busca uma experiência de jogo única, dinâmica e segura. Neste artigo, exploraremos os principais aspectos dessa plataforma, com um foco especial na introdução da plataforma, na variedade de jogos oferecidos e na experiência que ela proporciona aos jogadores.

Introdução à Plataforma BATEUBET O BATEUBET é uma plataforma de entretenimento digital que surgiu com o objetivo de proporcionar aos jogadores brasileiros uma experiência de jogos online com qualidade, segurança e diversão. Diferente de outras plataformas no mercado, o BATEUBET é projetado para atender às preferências e necessidades do público nacional, oferecendo uma interface amigável e fácil de navegar, além de suporte completo em português. A plataforma se destaca pela combinação de tecnologia de ponta e uma abordagem centrada no jogador, o que garante uma navegação intuitiva e uma experiência de jogo envolvente.

Uma das características mais notáveis do bateubet é sua estrutura moderna e otimizada para dispositivos móveis e desktops, permitindo que os usuários joguem a qualquer hora e de qualquer lugar. A plataforma utiliza medidas de segurança de última geração para proteger os dados e transações dos jogadores, garantindo um ambiente seguro e confiável para quem escolhe se divertir e apostar.

Variedade de Jogos no BATEUBET Uma das grandes atrações do BATEUBET é a vasta variedade de jogos disponíveis, que atendem a diferentes gostos e preferências. Se você é fã de jogos de habilidade, de sorte ou de estratégia, certamente encontrará opções interessantes na plataforma. O BATEUBET oferece uma ampla gama de opções, que vão desde jogos de mesa e sorteios até opções mais inovadoras e interativas, criando uma experiência diversificada e emocionante para os jogadores.

A plataforma conta com jogos clássicos, como roletas e sorteios, que são sempre populares entre os entusiastas do entretenimento digital. Além disso, o BATEUBET investe constantemente em novas opções, incluindo jogos com temas inovadores e gráficos de última geração. O design dos jogos é feito para atrair tanto iniciantes quanto jogadores mais experientes, com mecânicas fáceis de entender, mas com desafios que mantêm a diversão em alto nível.

Outro ponto forte é a seção de jogos interativos, que permite uma experiência mais imersiva e social. Os jogadores podem interagir entre si, compartilhar experiências e, em alguns casos, até competir diretamente em tempo real, o que torna a plataforma ainda mais atrativa. Para os entusiastas das apostas esportivas, o BATEUBET também oferece uma seção dedicada a esse tipo de entretenimento, com opções para apostar em diversos eventos e competições ao redor do mundo.

A Experiência do Jogador no BATEUBET A experiência do jogador no BATEUBET é projetada para ser intuitiva, fluida e personalizada. A plataforma investe fortemente na usabilidade, permitindo que os jogadores naveguem entre as diversas opções de maneira rápida e eficiente. A interface é moderna e clean, sem distrações, permitindo que o jogador se concentre na diversão e na experiência de jogo. Além disso, o design responsivo garante que os jogadores possam acessar a plataforma em diferentes dispositivos, seja no desktop ou no celular, com a mesma qualidade e desempenho.

A plataforma também é conhecida por oferecer um atendimento ao cliente excepcional. O BATEUBET disponibiliza suporte ao vivo 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, através de chat online, e-mail e outros canais de comunicação. Caso o jogador tenha alguma dúvida ou encontre um problema, a equipe de suporte está pronta para ajudar de forma rápida e eficiente.

Outro aspecto importante da experiência no BATEUBET é a possibilidade de personalização. A plataforma oferece uma variedade de configurações e opções que permitem ao jogador ajustar a experiência de acordo com suas preferências. Isso inclui desde o layout da interface até as opções de pagamento e retirada de fundos, proporcionando uma experiência verdadeiramente personalizada.

Para garantir que a experiência de jogo seja divertida e segura, o BATEUBET também adota práticas responsáveis, incentivando os jogadores a praticar o jogo responsável e oferecendo ferramentas para controle de limites de apostas. Isso ajuda a criar um ambiente saudável e sustentável para todos os jogadores.

Conclusão Em resumo, o BATEUBET é uma plataforma de entretenimento digital inovadora, que oferece uma variedade de jogos emocionantes e uma experiência de jogador inigualável. Com uma interface amigável, suporte completo em português e um foco constante na segurança e na diversão, o BATEUBET se apresenta como uma excelente opção para os jogadores brasileiros que buscam por novas formas de entretenimento. Se você é um entusiasta de jogos online e está procurando uma plataforma confiável e divertida, o BATEUBET pode ser a escolha perfeita para você.

@ ba36d0f7:cd802cba

| Piece | How It Moves | Special Rules | | --------- | ------------------------------------- | --------------------- | | Pawn | Forward 1 (or 2), captures diagonally | En passant, promotion | | Rook | Straight lines | Castling | | Knight | L-shape (2+1) | Jumps over pieces | | Bishop | Diagonals | Color-locked | | Queen | Any direction | None | | King | 1 square any way | Castling, checkmate |

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Pieces

1. Pawn (♙ / ♟️)

2. Moves: Forward 1 square (or 2 on first move).

3. Captures: Diagonally 1 square.

Special:

• En passant: Captures a pawn that moved 2 squares past it.

• Promotion: Reaches the 8th rank → becomes any piece (usually Queen).

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1. Rook (♖ / ♜)

2. Moves: Straight lines (any distance).

3. Special: Castling (moves with the king).

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1. Knight (♘ / ♞)

2. Moves: "L-shape" (2 squares one way + 1 square perpendicular).

3. Jumps: Over other pieces.

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1. Bishop (♗ / ♝)

2. Moves: Diagonals (any distance).

3. Stays on one color forever.

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1. Queen (♕ / ♛)

2. Moves: Any direction (straight/diagonal, any distance).

3. Most powerful piece!

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1. King (♔ / ♚)

2. Moves: 1 square in any direction.

Special:

Castling: Swaps places with a rook (if no blocks/checks).

Checkmate: Loses if trapped with no escape.

---

How to move

1. One move per turn

2. Choose your piece, place it on a legal square

3. Your color only: White moves first, then Black, alternating.

4. No passing: You must move if it’s your turn.

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How to Capture ("Eat")

• Land on an enemy piece: Replace it with your piece.

• Pawns capture diagonally only (not straight).

• Kings cannot be captured (checkmate ends the game).

✔ Check: Attack the enemy king (they must escape next turn). ❌ Illegal: Moving into check or leaving your king in check.

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Special moves

| Move | Key Rule | Notation | | ---------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------- | | Castling | King + rook, no prior moves/checks | O-O | | Promotion | Pawn→any piece at 8th rank | e8=Q | | En Passant | Capture a 2-square pawn jump | exd6 e.p. |

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1. Castling (The King’s Escape)

2. What: King + Rook move together in one turn.

How:

• King moves 2 squares toward a rook.
• Rook jumps to the other side of the king.

Rules:

• No checks: King can’t be in check or pass through check.
• Never moved: King and that rook must be untouched.

Types:

Kingside (♔→♖, faster): O-O

Queenside (♔←♖, safer): O-O-O

---

1. Promotion ("Crowning")

2. What: Pawn reaches the 8th rank → turns into any piece (usually Queen).

3. How: Replace the pawn with a new piece (even if the original is still on the board).

Fun fact: You can have 9 queens (1 original + 8 promotions)!

Promotion example (Pawn→Queen at h8)

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1. En Passant (French for "In Passing")

2. When: Enemy pawn moves 2 squares forward past your pawn.

3. How: Capture it diagonally (as if it moved only 1 square).

Rule: Must do it immediately (next turn only).

---

chess #elsalvador #somachess

@ ba36d0f7:cd802cba

Chess Board Setup

1. The Basics

8x8 grid, alternating light/dark squares.

Key rule: *Always place the board so a light square is on each player’s bottom-right.

1. Coordinates Files (columns): Labeled a to h (left to right).

Ranks (rows): Numbered 1 to 8 (White’s side = 1, Black’s = 8).

Notation: Squares are file + rank (e.g., e4, a7).

1. Piece Placement

Black (Top): a8: Rook b8: Knight c8: Bishop d8: Queen
e8: King f8: Bishop g8: Knight h8: Rook
Rank 7: All pawns (a7-h7)

White (Bottom): a1: Rook b1: Knight c1: Bishop d1: Queen
e1: King f1: Bishop g1: Knight h1: Rook
Rank 2: All pawns (a2-h2)

Quick Tip: Queens start on their color (Whiteon d1, Black on d8).

---

Checkmate, stalemate & draws

Chess is a two-player strategy game where the ultimate goal is to checkmate your opponent’s king. However, games can also end in a stalemate or draw under specific conditions.

1. Checkmate (Winning the Game)
2. Definition: The enemy king is in check (under attack) and has no legal moves to escape.

3. Result: The game ends immediately—the player delivering checkmate wins.

4. Stalemate (Draw)

5. Definition: The player whose turn it is has no legal moves, but their king is not in check.
6. Result: The game is a draw (no winner).

Common Causes: - A lone king with no moves left. - Poor pawn structure blocking all options.

1. Other Draws

Games can also end in a draw due to:

• Insufficient Material
• Only kings remain.

• King + bishop vs. king (no possible checkmate).

• Threefold Repetition

• The same position occurs 3 times (with the same player to move).

• 50-Move Rule

• No pawn moves or captures in 50 consecutive moves (by both players).

• Agreement

• Players mutually agree to a draw.

Key differences:

| Term | King in Check? | Legal Moves? | Result | | --------- | -------------- | ------------ | -------- | | Checkmate | Yes | No | Win/Loss | | Stalemate | No | No | Draw | | Draw | N/A | N/A | Tie |

---

Chess history

1. Ancient Origins (6th Century)

2. Birthplace: Northern India (as Chaturanga), meaning "four divisions" (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots—early versions of pawns, knights, bishops, rooks).

3. Spread: Reached Persia as Shatranj by 600 AD, where key rules (like "check" and "checkmate") emerged.

Fun fact: "Checkmate" comes from Persian "Shah Mat" ("the king is helpless").

1. Medieval Europe (9th–15th Century)

2. Rebranding: Arabs brought chess to Spain by 1000 AD; Europeans adapted pieces to feudal society:

Elephants → Bishops Viziers → Queens (weak at first—could only move one square!)

• Major Change: By 1475, the queen became the most powerful piece ("Mad Queen Chess"), speeding up the game.

• Modern Chess (1850–Present)

• Standardization: First official world championship (1886, Wilhelm Steinitz vs. Johannes Zukertort).

• Computers: IBM’s Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov in 1997, revolutionizing AI.

• Today: Online platforms (Chess.com, Lichess) and pop culture (The Queen’s Gambit) fuel a global boom.

Did You Know?

• The longest possible chess game is 5,949 moves (theoretical limit).

• The longest recorded game was 269 moves, 1989 Nikolić vs. Arsović.

• The oldest recorded chess opening (1.e4) appears in a 1490 Spanish manuscript.

chess #education #elsalvador #chesselsalvador #somachess #article #soma

@ ef53426a:7e988851

Bartering and early money

\ Early societies bartered goods, but transactions were often complicated. The value of goods doesn’t always align.

Enter money. It’s used as an indirect exchange for any goods, so everyone wants it.

Early money wasn’t anything like what we use today. For example, the inhabitants of Yap Island (Micronesia) used large Rai stones for trade. New stones were dragged up a hill for everyone to see. The owner would then exchange part of the stone for goods and services.

As they were hard to quarry and move, Rai stones retained their value (salability). Then, an Irish-American captain started importing stones using modern technology. Soon enough, they became so common, they no longer worked as money.

---

Gold — the basis for sound money

\ Smelting made it possible to create highly salable and transportable coins. Gold was best because it’s virtually impossible to destroy and can’t be synthesized using other materials. It has a fairly limited supply, which grows slowly and predictably (due to the difficulty of mining).

Technologies like the telegraph and trains made it easier for both people and goods to get from point A to point B. That, in turn, justified forms of payment like checks, paper receipts, and bills. But paper is not worth much unless it’s backed by something.

Governments worldwide issued paper money backed by precious metals, which they stored in vaults. By 1900, around 50 countries had adopted the Gold Standard. This was sound money.

---

Currencies devalued

\ Roman emperor Julius Caesar issued the Aureus, an empire-standard coin containing 8 grams of gold. But as growth began to slow, rulers started ‘coin clipping’, reducing the quantity of precious metal in coins. This eventually triggered a series of economic crises that led to the downfall of the Roman Empire.

The gold standard had one major flaw: it had to be stored in bank vaults. This created a highly centralized system in which governments controlled the value of paper money. If they wanted to, they could always increase the supply of money without increasing the corresponding amount of gold.

In 1914, nearly every major European power decided to do this to fund their war operations. Rather than raising taxes, they simply printed new money with no extra gold. The standard had been abandoned.

---

Government-backed money

\ Governments chose to introduce fiat money – currency backed by decree rather than gold. The adoption of the fiat system led to an age of unsound money shaped by ever-greater intervention in the economy as governments scrambled to stabilize their currencies.

By 1944, the end of the Second World War was in sight, and the victors began planning the postwar economic order. The world’s currencies would be tied to the US dollar at a fixed exchange rate. The dollar would in turn be tied to the value of gold, again at a fixed rate.

The United States bent the rules and inflated its own currency compared to gold. Other nations inflated their currencies compared to the dollar. On August 15, 1971, President Nixon announced that dollars would no longer be convertible to gold.

---

Sound money = functioning economy

\ Sound money encourages people to save and invest, enabling sustainable, long-term growth. Why? Well, humans have a natural positive time preference: we prefer instant gratification over future gratification. Sound money prompts us to think more about the future.

The more capital accumulation there is, the greater the chance of stable, long-term economic growth. Unsound money distorts capital accumulation. When governments interfere with the money supply, they also interfere with prices. And prices give investors the information they need to make good decisions without having to learn every tiny detail about global events.

---

Recessions and debt arise from unsound money

\ Government interference takes the form of central planning. No single person, agency, or department ever has access to all the information necessary to understand the vast and complex economy. Interventions distort markets, creating boom and bust cycles.

According to Keynes and his followers, the best way to respond to recessions is to increase spending. You could lower taxes, but people don’t usually spend their extra money. Raising taxes is unpopular, so governments invariably decide to increase the money supply. Saving becomes less attractive, creating a culture of unwise spending and growing debt.

We need to return to sound money and a new gold standard. Enter bitcoin.

---

Bitcoin is scarce

\ Bitcoin has similar traits to gold. Its supply is literally fixed. Once there are 21 million bitcoins in circulation, no more will be issued.

The supply grows at a diminishing rate. Computers across the Bitcoin network pool their processing power to solve complex algorithmic problems. Once these puzzles have been cracked, the “miners” receive bitcoins as a reward.

Satoshi Nakamoto designed the system to avoid gold rushes. The algorithmic problems become more difficult to solve as the number of computers working on them rises, guaranteeing a steady and reliable supply. Also, the number of bitcoins issued is halved every four years, resulting in ever-smaller releases until 2140, after which no more coins will be released.

That makes bitcoin unique. It is the only good that is defined by absolute scarcity. No amount of time or resources can create more bitcoins than the programmed supply allows. The supply cannot be manipulated, making it a perfect store of value.

---

Bitcoin is secure

\ The bitcoin ledger uses the public blockchain. When mining computers crack an algorithmic puzzle, they create a block. The blocks on the ledger contain details about every blockchain transaction ever completed. Every network user can view this information.

Ownership of bitcoins is only valid once it’s been registered on the blockchain. This is only possible if the majority of network users approve it, so there’s no need for a central authority to oversee transactions. While verifying new blocks requires virtually no energy, creating a fraudulent block would cost a significant amount of processing power.

Even if a user decided to expend vast amounts of energy and successfully hacked a majority of all network nodes to approve a fraudulent block, they’d gain very little. Trust in bitcoin would be lost, leading to a drop in demand and value.

---

Challenges for adoption

\ Because bitcoin is new, demand has varied. The volatile price has, at times, undermined the currency’s status as an effective store of value.

Bitcoin’s transaction limit is currently set at 500,000 per day. That could be increased, but there will always be a daily cap. The more transactions that take place, the more nodes there’ll need to be. This increases transaction fees and the amount of processing power expended.

Bitcoin could be traded off the blockchain, meaning currencies will be backed by bitcoin. That would create a new standard, but it would also mean that new centralized institutions would need to manage this system.

---

This 5-minute summary did not use copyrighted material from the book. It aims simply to give readers a quick understanding of the book (which is well worth reading).

‘The Bitcoin Standard: The Decentralized Alternative to Central Banking’ was written by economist Saifedean Ammous in 2018.

Buy the book and many more titles at bitcoinbook.shop

@ 6919d8ac:737b2c45

Nos últimos anos, a busca por plataformas inovadoras de entretenimento digital tem sido constante, com o público ávido por novas experiências imersivas e interativas. Um dos nomes que vem se destacando nesse universo é o 80WIN, uma plataforma que oferece aos usuários uma combinação única de jogos e uma experiência de jogo inigualável. Neste artigo, vamos explorar o que torna o 80WIN tão especial, desde sua introdução ao mercado até a variedade de jogos e a experiência oferecida aos jogadores.

O que é o 80WIN? O 80WIN é uma plataforma moderna e sofisticada de entretenimento digital, projetada para oferecer uma experiência imersiva e acessível a todos os tipos de jogadores. Sua missão é criar um ambiente inovador e seguro, com uma interface intuitiva e recursos de alta qualidade. Focada em atender ao público brasileiro, a plataforma busca se destacar pela diversidade de opções de jogos, que combinam diversão e desafios emocionantes para quem deseja se entreter e testar suas habilidades.

Ao contrário de outras plataformas tradicionais, o 80win oferece uma experiência personalizada, onde os jogadores podem explorar diferentes modalidades de jogos, interagir com outros participantes e aproveitar uma série de bônus e promoções. A plataforma é totalmente adaptada para o mercado brasileiro, com opções de pagamento locais e atendimento ao cliente em português, tornando-a uma escolha conveniente para aqueles que buscam uma alternativa divertida e confiável no mundo dos jogos digitais.

A Diversidade de Jogos no 80WIN Uma das características mais marcantes do 80WIN é a ampla variedade de jogos disponíveis. Desde os mais simples, até os mais complexos, a plataforma oferece opções para todos os gostos e níveis de experiência. Os jogadores podem explorar diferentes categorias, como jogos de habilidade, estratégia, ação e aventura, entre outros.

Os jogos de habilidade, por exemplo, desafiam os jogadores a usar seu raciocínio lógico e coordenação motora para completar desafios. Já os jogos de estratégia exigem uma análise profunda das situações e a capacidade de tomar decisões rápidas para vencer. Além disso, a plataforma também apresenta jogos de ação emocionantes, que mantêm os jogadores envolvidos com enredos envolventes e gráficos de alta qualidade.

Uma das grandes vantagens do 80WIN é a constante atualização de seu portfólio de jogos. Novos títulos são adicionados regularmente, proporcionando aos jogadores uma experiência sempre nova e excitante. Isso também garante que todos os usuários encontrem algo que atenda aos seus interesses, mantendo-os engajados e motivados para voltar à plataforma.

A Experiência do Jogador no 80WIN Quando se trata de experiência de usuário, o 80WIN se destaca por sua interface amigável e fácil de navegar. A plataforma foi projetada para que qualquer pessoa, independentemente de sua familiaridade com o mundo dos jogos digitais, possa aproveitá-la ao máximo. O layout é intuitivo, com categorias bem organizadas e filtros de pesquisa eficientes, permitindo que os jogadores encontrem rapidamente o jogo que mais combina com seu estilo.

Outro aspecto que contribui para a excelente experiência do jogador no 80WIN é a interatividade. A plataforma permite que os usuários se conectem com outros jogadores, compartilhem suas vitórias, e até participem de torneios emocionantes. Essa interação social cria um ambiente vibrante e competitivo, que mantém os jogadores motivados e engajados.

Além disso, o 80WIN se preocupa com a segurança e a proteção dos dados dos seus usuários. A plataforma adota tecnologias avançadas de criptografia para garantir que todas as transações financeiras e informações pessoais dos jogadores estejam protegidas contra possíveis ameaças cibernéticas. Isso cria um ambiente seguro e confiável, permitindo que os jogadores desfrutem de sua experiência sem preocupações.

Outro fator importante que contribui para a satisfação dos usuários é a suporte ao cliente. A plataforma oferece um atendimento rápido e eficiente, com uma equipe de suporte dedicada a solucionar qualquer dúvida ou problema que possa surgir durante a experiência de jogo. O suporte está disponível em português, o que facilita a comunicação e torna a interação com a plataforma ainda mais fluida.

Conclusão O 80WIN é, sem dúvida, uma das plataformas mais inovadoras e interessantes do mercado de entretenimento digital no Brasil. Com uma vasta gama de jogos de alta qualidade, uma experiência de usuário impecável e recursos de segurança avançados, a plataforma oferece tudo o que um jogador moderno procura. Se você está em busca de uma plataforma que combine diversão, emoção e segurança, o 80WIN é a escolha perfeita.

Seja você um jogador casual ou um entusiasta em busca de desafios mais complexos, o 80WIN oferece algo para todos. A cada visita, os jogadores são recebidos com novas possibilidades e experiências imersivas, garantindo horas de entretenimento e diversão. Portanto, não perca mais tempo e junte-se à comunidade 80WIN para explorar o que há de melhor no mundo dos jogos digitais!

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Trogir is a UNESCO-listed coastal town just 30 minutes from Split, known for its well-preserved medieval architecture, charming waterfront, and rich history. Often called "The Little Venice of Dalmatia," Trogir is built on a small island connected to the mainland and Čiovo Island by bridges. Its cobblestone streets, Renaissance palaces, and lively cafés** make it a perfect stop for history lovers and travelers seeking authentic Dalmatian charm.

🏛️ Top Things to See & Do in Trogir

1️⃣ Explore Trogir Old Town (UNESCO) 🏡

• Wander through the labyrinth of narrow streets, filled with hidden courtyards and stone houses.
• Admire Venetian-style palaces, Romanesque churches, and medieval city walls.
• Visit St. Lawrence Cathedral, featuring the famous Radovan Portal, a masterpiece of medieval stone carving.

2️⃣ Climb the Bell Tower of St. Lawrence ⛪

• Offers stunning panoramic views over Trogir and the Adriatic.
• A bit of a steep climb, but totally worth it for the breathtaking scenery!

3️⃣ Visit Kamerlengo Fortress 🏰

• A 15th-century Venetian fortress with amazing sea views from the top.
• In summer, it hosts concerts and cultural events.

4️⃣ Stroll Along the Trogir Riva Promenade 🌊

• A lively waterfront filled with cafés, restaurants, and luxury yachts.
• Perfect for a relaxing evening walk while watching the sunset.

5️⃣ Relax on the Best Beaches Near Trogir 🏖️

• Okrug Gornji Beach (Copacabana Beach) – A long, lively beach with bars & water activities.
• Pantan Beach – A quieter spot with clear waters and pine tree shade.
• Kava Beach (Čiovo Island) – A more secluded and natural beach, ideal for relaxation.

6️⃣ Take a Boat Trip to the Blue Lagoon 🛥️

• A stunning turquoise bay, perfect for swimming and snorkeling.
• Just a short boat ride from Trogir.

7️⃣ Try Dalmatian Cuisine 🍽️

• Grilled fresh fish & seafood – Trogir’s specialty! 🐟
• Pašticada – Slow-cooked beef in a rich red wine sauce, served with gnocchi.
• Homemade Dalmatian prosciutto & cheese – Best paired with local Plavac Mali wine.

🚗 How to Get to Trogir

✈️ By Air:
- Split Airport (SPU) is just 10 minutes away! 🚕
🚘 By Car:
- From Split: ~30 minutes (27 km)
- From Zadar: ~1.5 hours (130 km)
🚌 By Bus: Frequent buses run between Split and Trogir.
⛵ By Boat: A seasonal boat line connects Trogir with Split and nearby islands.

💡 Tips for Visiting Trogir

✅ Best time to visit? April–October for sunny weather & fewer crowds ☀️
✅ Stay for sunset – The views from the Riva & Kamerlengo Fortress are magical 🌅
✅ Wear comfy shoes – The old town’s stone streets can be slippery 👟
✅ Book Blue Lagoon trips in advance – It’s a popular excursion 🚤
✅ Try a wine tasting at a local konoba (traditional tavern) 🍷

@ 6919d8ac:737b2c45

A NNNBET se destaca como uma das plataformas mais inovadoras e confiáveis do mundo das apostas online. Com uma interface moderna, uma ampla gama de opções de jogos e uma experiência do usuário totalmente imersiva, a NNNBET tem conquistado jogadores de diferentes partes do mundo. Se você está em busca de uma plataforma segura, divertida e com diversas possibilidades de entretenimento, continue lendo para descobrir o que torna a NNNBET uma das melhores escolhas para apostas online.

Apresentando a NNNBET: A Nova Fronteira das Apostas Online A NNNBET é uma plataforma de apostas online que foi cuidadosamente desenvolvida para proporcionar aos jogadores uma experiência sem igual. Seu design intuitivo e acessível garante que até os iniciantes consigam navegar facilmente e acessar suas opções de jogos e apostas preferidas. O objetivo da NNNBET é oferecer a melhor experiência possível a todos os tipos de jogadores, garantindo que, independentemente do seu nível de experiência, você tenha acesso a jogos emocionantes, seguros e fáceis de usar.

A plataforma é otimizada para dispositivos móveis, permitindo que você jogue a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar. A NNNBET tem um compromisso com a conveniência, oferecendo uma plataforma responsiva que se adapta perfeitamente a smartphones e tablets, para que os jogadores possam aproveitar os jogos em qualquer momento.

Além disso, a nnnbet adota medidas de segurança avançadas para proteger seus usuários. Com protocolos de criptografia de última geração e sistemas de proteção de dados, a plataforma garante que todas as transações e informações pessoais dos jogadores permaneçam seguras. Isso cria um ambiente confiável e seguro, onde os jogadores podem se concentrar exclusivamente em aproveitar a experiência de jogo sem preocupações.

Jogos Oferecidos: Diversão para Todos os Gostos A NNNBET se diferencia por sua vasta gama de opções de jogos, tornando-se uma plataforma ideal para todos os tipos de jogadores. Seja você fã de jogos de mesa tradicionais ou de apostas em eventos esportivos, a NNNBET tem algo para você.

Para os entusiastas de jogos de mesa, a plataforma oferece uma variedade de opções, como roletas, blackjack, e diferentes versões de jogos de cartas. Todos os jogos são projetados para proporcionar uma experiência de jogo divertida e imersiva, com gráficos de alta qualidade e uma jogabilidade fluida. As opções são atualizadas regularmente, garantindo que os jogadores sempre tenham algo novo para explorar.

A NNNBET também é excelente para quem gosta de apostar em esportes. A plataforma oferece uma vasta seleção de eventos esportivos para apostas, incluindo futebol, basquete, tênis, e até e-sports, permitindo que os jogadores façam previsões e apostem nos resultados dos seus esportes favoritos. As odds são constantemente atualizadas, proporcionando uma experiência dinâmica e envolvente, com uma grande variedade de opções para personalizar suas apostas.

Se você procura uma experiência mais interativa e emocionante, a NNNBET oferece jogos ao vivo. Esses jogos permitem que os jogadores se conectem com dealers reais e participem de jogos de forma dinâmica e envolvente. A transmissão ao vivo de alta qualidade proporciona uma experiência mais autêntica, replicando a emoção de um ambiente físico de jogo, mas com a conveniência do online.

A Experiência do Jogador: O Que Torna a NNNBET Única O foco da NNNBET é a experiência do jogador, e isso é evidente em cada aspecto da plataforma. A interface é projetada para ser simples e direta, facilitando a navegação entre os diferentes tipos de jogos. As opções são bem organizadas, permitindo que os jogadores encontrem rapidamente seus jogos favoritos ou explorem novas opções com facilidade.

Além disso, a plataforma oferece uma excelente experiência de atendimento ao cliente. O suporte está disponível 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, garantindo que os jogadores possam resolver quaisquer dúvidas ou problemas rapidamente. O atendimento ao cliente pode ser acessado por chat ao vivo, e-mail ou telefone, com uma equipe dedicada e treinada para oferecer respostas rápidas e soluções eficazes.

Outro diferencial da NNNBET são as promoções e bônus que ela oferece. A plataforma oferece ofertas de boas-vindas para novos jogadores e promoções contínuas para os jogadores fiéis, garantindo que todos tenham a chance de aumentar suas chances de ganhar e explorar novos jogos. Esses bônus ajudam a aumentar a diversão e a empolgação durante a jornada de apostas.

A NNNBET também leva a sério a responsabilidade social nas apostas. A plataforma oferece ferramentas de autoexclusão e limites de apostas para ajudar os jogadores a manter o controle e a praticar apostas responsáveis. A NNNBET se preocupa com o bem-estar de seus usuários, criando um ambiente de jogo saudável e equilibrado.

Conclusão A NNNBET é uma plataforma de apostas online que se destaca pela sua facilidade de uso, segurança, diversidade de jogos e compromisso com a experiência do jogador. Se você está à procura de uma plataforma confiável, com uma ampla gama de jogos e uma experiência de apostas imersiva, a NNNBET é uma excelente escolha. Com uma interface intuitiva, promoções atraentes, e um atendimento ao cliente de qualidade, a NNNBET oferece tudo o que você precisa para se divertir e ter uma experiência única no mundo das apostas online.

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

YakiHonne: I'm excited to be joined by our guest Piccolo—thank you very much for being here. Before we dive in, I'd like to briefly introduce YakiHonne. YakiHonne is a decentralized media client built on the Nostr protocol, leveraging technology to enable freedom of speech. It empowers creators to fully own their voice and assets while offering innovative tools such as Smart widget , Verified Notes, and support for long-form content. Today, we’re not just discussing YakiHonne, but also diving into your community. Piccolo, could you start by telling us a bit about yourself and your community?

Piccolo:Hi, I'm Piccolo. I run BO฿ Space in Bangkok, and we also have a satellite location called the BO฿ Space corner in Chiang Mai, thanks to the Bitcoin Learning Center. Piccolo:Regarding my background，I originally came from corporate finance and investment banking. I was in that field for about 20 years, with the last 15 spent running my own firm in corporate finance advisory alongside a couple of partners. We eventually sold the advisory business in 2015, took a short break, and in 2016, I ended up launching a fintech company, which is still operational today. The company specializes in equity crowdfunding and is licensed by the SEC in Thailand. Piccolo:I first bought Bitcoin a few years before truly understanding it, initially thinking it was a scam that would eventually collapse. However, in 2017, the block size wars demonstrated the protocol’s strong resistance to attacks on decentralization, which deeply impacted me. By late 2018 or early 2019, I started to really grasp Bitcoin and kept learning. Then, in mid-2022, after having fully fallen down the Bitcoin rabbit hole, I founded BO฿ Space. It was right after COVID, and since the fintech had scaled down, there was extra space. We started by hosting meetups and technical workshops for people who were interested. Piccolo:In the early years, we had various groups come by—like the team from BDK (Bitcoin Development Kit), who held workshops. The people behind the Bitcoin Beach Wallet, which later became Blink, also visited. So, BO฿ Space initially functioned as a meetup and technical workshop space. Eventually, we launched the BOB Builders Residency program, which was a lot of fun. We secured grant funding for developers under different cohort themes, so that they can collaborate and co-work for a few months. So far, we have completed three cohorts.

YakiHonne:How did your community get started, and what did you do to attract new members in the beginning?

Piccolo:The initial members came through word of mouth and invitations that I sent out. I reached out to an initial group of Bitcoiners here in the city who I believed were strong maximalists or Bitcoin-only supporters, back when that was still a thing. I sent out 21 invitations and had our first meetup with 21 people, most of whom I had interacted with online, though some in person during the COVID years. From there, it spread by word of mouth, and of course, through Twitter and meetup.com. So, I would say that word of mouth remains the main method of growth. Additionally, when people come through Bangkok and are looking for a Bitcoin-only meetup, there really isn't one available. I believe there are a couple now—maybe two or three—but when we started, there weren’t any, especially not a dedicated Bitcoin-only space. I think we may still be the only one in Bangkok. So yeah, word of mouth was definitely the main way we grew. Bitcoiners tend to share their finds when they meet like-minded people.

YakiHonne:Didn’t you have people in your community who initially thought Bitcoin was a scam, like you did, or face similar issues?

Piccolo:Yes, it still happens, especially when the price of Bitcoin rises. Newcomers still join, and some of them believe Bitcoin might be a scam. However, this has become less frequent. The main reason is that when people come to BO฿ Space, they know it’s a Bitcoin-only meetup. We generally don’t discuss the price; instead, we focus on other aspects of Bitcoin, as there are many interesting developments in the space.

YakiHonne:What advice would you give to someone looking to start or grow a Bitcoin-focused community in today’s world? Considering the current landscape, much like your own experience, what guidance would you offer?

Piccolo:It sounds simple, but just do it. When it comes to community building, you don’t necessarily need a physical space. Community is about people coming together, right? Two people can start a community, then three, four, and so on. Meetups can happen anywhere—your favorite bar, a restaurant, a friend’s garage, or wherever. So, just do it, but make sure you have more than one person, otherwise, how can you build a community? Once you have more than one person, word of mouth will spread. And as you develop a core group—let’s say more than five people—that’s when I think the community can truly sustain itself.

YakiHonne:I know you’ve mentioned the technical side of your community, but I’ll ask anyway—does your community engage with the technical or non-technical aspects of Bitcoin? Or perhaps, is there a blend of both?

Piccolo:I would say both. It really depends on the monthly themes of our meetups. For example, February was focused on Asian communities in Bitcoin. During that month, community leaders came in to give presentations and discuss their work in places like Indonesia, India, and more recently, someone from HRF (Human Rights Foundation) talked about Bitcoin’s use case in Myanmar. Then, in December, we had a very technical month—Mining Month. It was led by our Cohort 3 residents, where we discussed Stratum V2 and had a demo on it. We also examined the Loki board hardware, and Zack took apart the S19, looking at different ways to repurpose the power supply unit, among other things. So, it’s a mix of both, depending on the theme for that month. Some months are very technical, while others are more community-focused and less technical.

YakiHonne:What advice would you give to a technically inclined individual or organization looking to contribute meaningfully to the Bitcoin ecosystem?

Piccolo:For technically inclined individuals, I would suggest identifying your favorite open-source project in the Bitcoin ecosystem. Start from Bitcoin Core and explore different layers, such as Lightning or e-cash, and other open-source projects. As for technically inclined organizations, if you're integrating Bitcoin into your business, I would say, first, make sure you have people within your organization who truly understand Bitcoin. Build a capable team first, and then, depending on the part of the Bitcoin ecosystem you’re involved in—whether it’s custody services, Lightning payments, layer 2, or something like Cashu or Ark—find your niche. From there, your team will work with you to discover ways to contribute. But until you build that capability, organizations are a bit different from individuals in this space.

YakiHonne:How do you see the world of Bitcoin communities evolving as technology matures, particularly in areas like scalability, privacy, and adaptability with other systems?

Piccolo:That's an interesting question. If we think about the future of Bitcoin communities, I believe they may eventually disappear as technology matures. Once Bitcoin scales to a point where it integrates seamlessly with other payment systems, becoming part of the everyday norm, the need for dedicated communities will diminish. It’s similar to how we no longer have meetups about refrigerators or iPhones, even though they are technologies we use every day. As Bitcoin matures, it will likely reach that level of ubiquity. There might still be occasional meetups or forums, but they will be more about specific knowledge, use cases, and tools, rather than a community dedicated to introducing others to the technology itself. However, this is a long way off. Bitcoin is still relatively small compared to the global fiat financial system, despite the growth we want to see. So, it will take a long time before we reach that stage.

YakiHonne:It’s something I hadn’t considered before, and it’s quite insightful. Moving to our last question actually which I find very interesting is the government around you for or against bitcoin and how has That affected the community.

Piccolo:In my opinion, on a general level, the government is more supportive than opposed to Bitcoin. The Thai government classifies Bitcoin as a digital asset, almost like digital gold. In that sense, they want to tax capital gains and regulate it. They also have a regulatory framework for it, known as the Digital Asset Regulatory Sandbox, where you can test various things, mainly coins and tokens. It's unfortunate, but that’s how it is. However, our government, especially the regulatory bodies, are open to innovation. They recognize that Bitcoin is different, but they still view blockchain and tokens as useful technologies, which is somewhat misguided. So, in that sense, it’s more support than opposition. A couple of years ago, there was a circular discouraging the use of Bitcoin as a payment currency, mainly because they can't control its monetary policy. And they’re right—Bitcoin can’t be controlled by anyone; there’re the protocol and the rules, and everyone follows them, unless there’s a hard fork, which is a different matter. So, in that regard, Bitcoin is definitely categorized as a digital asset by the government, and that’s where it stands. Piccolo:People who come to BO฿ Space to learn about Bitcoin are often influenced by the government from the point of price movements; especially when government support moves the price up. But they usually only visit once or twice, especially if they’re not deep into the Bitcoin rabbit hole. They often get disappointed because, at BO฿ Space, we rarely discuss the price—maybe once a year, and that’s just after the meetup when people are having drinks. So, in that sense, I’d say the government currently doesn’t really hurt or help the community either way. People will go down the rabbit hole at their own pace. And if you're not a Bitcoiner and you come to a BO฿ Space meetup with a crypto focus, you might be surprised by the approach we take.

YakiHonne:Thank you, Piccolo, for your time and insights. It’s been a pleasure speaking with you. Your perspective on the evolution of Bitcoin communities was eye-opening. It's clear that your deep understanding of Bitcoin is invaluable. I'm sure our readers will appreciate your insights. Once again, thank you, Piccolo. I look forward to seeing the continued growth of BO฿ Space and Bitcoin adoption.

@ ba36d0f7:cd802cba

"It Takes a Village"

…But what if the "village" is a system that prioritizes obedience over curiosity, grades over growth, and rigid curriculums over real-world learning?

For decades, we’ve accepted a model where kids spend hours a day passively absorbing information in classrooms, where their worth is measured by standardized tests rather than their ability to think, adapt, or create. Meanwhile, the tools to revolutionize learning - technology, connectivity, and decentralized knowledge - sit in our pockets, dismissed as "distractions" rather than leveraged as liberation.

The Paradox of Progress

We live in an era of unprecedented access to information. Yet, our education systems cling to industrial-era ideals, villainizing screens instead of teaching how to wield them wisely. Yes, mindless screen time harms—but so does mindless schooling. The real failure? Not preparing learners to navigate, critique, and contribute to the world they actually live in.

A different approach

soma is an experiment in self-directed, community-rooted learning. It asks:

• What if education integrated with life instead of interrupting it?

• What if "success" meant mastery driven by curiosity, not compliance?

• What if technology connected learners to mentors, resources, and real-world problems - not just apps that mimic worksheets?

This isn’t about abandoning theory or expertise. It’s about flipping the script:

• Empiric learning comes first (doing, trying, failing, exploring).

  • This is where physical spaces thrive - quilombos, workshops, community gardens. Where we take responsibility for our shared world.

• Theoretical depth follows when the learner chooses it - fueled by a desire to go further.

  • This is where our virtual spaces shine to guarantee accessibility: as tool, not a privilege.

  • Tech is recreation, not a crutch - the spice, not the meal.

---

A call for villages, not factories

soma imagines communities where learning is an act of devotion - to exploration, to curiosity, to the sacred cycle of trying, failing, and trying again.

Where you learn because you want to - to better your surroundings, not because you were told to.

Where a child’s obsession with ants leads them to a biologist’s fieldwork and a poet’s metaphor - because both are natural extensions of wonder.
Where a teen building a game pursues storytelling, math, and ethics on their own terms, stitching knowledge together like patchwork quilt. Where we see learning happening in parks, in makerspaces and on screens - used intentionally.

This is education returned to its human rhythm: urgent, messy, and alive.

---

Join the experiment

This is just the start. soma is a provocation, a prototype, and an open invitation to rethink how we learn.

Let’s stop preparing kids for a world that no longer exists.

➡️ Follow updates, share your ideas, or tell us: What does your ideal "village" look like? nostr:npub1hgmdpalp9tz37vh9kxx49fm5pl75w6vwek2r80r20x2stnvq9jaq705r99

longform #article #education #elsalvador #communities #decentralized

@ cbaa0c82:e9313245

TheWholeGrain - #March2025

March of 2025 was a standard month for Bread and Toast. However, it did include a the occasional five Sunday Singles which seems like hitting the jackpot! Talk about lucky!

Included with the five Sunday Singles was two more pages of the Adventure Series: Questline where we saw Bread, Toast, and End-Piece face off against their first adversary!

End-Piece made a first appearance for in Toast's Comic Collection under the title E: The Last Slice while the Concept Art piece was the original drawing of all three slices of bread together. And, last of all we updated the Bitcoin logo because why not!?

Sunday Singles - March 2025 2025-03-02 | Sunday Single 82 Title: Slingshot! Watch out! Toast is quite the sharpshooter! https://i.nostr.build/zHA9C7cOOZLOCl0o.png

2025-03-09 | Sunday Single 83 Title: Puzzles End-Piece just figured out the puzzle! https://i.nostr.build/u2EBdcsuwO2xo23P.png

2025-03-16 | Sunday Single 84 Title: Basketball Oh, the madness! https://i.nostr.build/8F1OFFVra7zQOIy6.png

2025-03-23 | Sunday Single 85 Title: Coffee The perfect way to start the day. https://i.nostr.build/aiGZOvOmow3igru6.png

2025-03-30 | Sunday Single 86 Title: Origami End-Piece has a way with paper. https://i.nostr.build/0ySzGwF9QnZxwLxD.png

Adventure Series: Questline The group is attacked by a crow with Bread being the target of the giant bird, but with a group of trusty friends any enemy can be defeated!

Artist: Dakota Jernigan (The Bitcoin Painter) Writer: Daniel David (dan 🍞)

2025-03-11 | Questline 005 - Under Attack Toast and End-Piece are able to escape the attack from the giant winged predator, but Bread being distracted by thoughts of the village is caught off guard. End-Piece immediately charges the attacker with a fury of mallet swings. Meanwhile, Toast loads up an arrow with intentions of piercing through the giant bird. https://i.nostr.build/F24sd7SFFbsW9WZY.png

2025-03-25 | Questline 006 - A Finished Battle End-Piece lands a series of blows to the winged beast. Toast finishes it off with a second arrow to the heart. Bread is only slightly injured, but is more upset about having been so vulnerable due to being so distracted. Moving forward Bread will have to be more vigilant. https://i.nostr.build/n5a7Jztq9MHxuGNf.png

Other Content Released in March 2025 2025-03-05 | Toast's Comic Collection Title: E: The Last Slice #11 A gluten-based pandemic has killed off all slices of bread that are not Toast except for one slice of bread that happens to be an end piece. https://i.nostr.build/aar20oHAAKmZOovD.png

2025-03-12 | Concept Art Title: Original Bread and Toast This was the first drawing of all three characters together. It was used a lot for branding when the project first started up in 2023. https://i.nostr.build/yqkmBuTiH8AKbCzI.png

2025-03-19 | Bitcoin Art Title: Bitcoin/Bread Block Height: 888566 Two things that just go together. https://i.nostr.build/MDPkzOPVEaOJVTFE.png

Thanks for checking out the seventh issue of The Whole Grain. The Whole Grain is released on the first of every month and covers all of the content released by Bread and Toast in the previous month. For all Bread and Toast content visit BreadandToast.com!

So long, March! Bread, Toast, and End-Piece

BreadandToast #SundaySingle #Questline #ToastsComicCollection #ConceptArt #BitcoinArt #Bread #Toast #EndPiece #Artstr #Comic #Cartoon #NostrOnly #🍞 #🖼️

List of nPubs Mentioned: The Bitcoin Painter: npub1tx5ccpregnm9afq0xaj42hh93xl4qd3lfa7u74v5cdvyhwcnlanqplhd8g

dan 🍞: npub16e3vzr7dk2uepjcnl85nfare3kdapxge08gr42s99n9kg7xs8xhs90y9v6

@ 17538dc2:71ed77c4

The MacOS security update summary is a reminder that laptops and desktops are incredibly compromised.

macOS Sequoia 15.4

Released March 31, 2025

Accessibility Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction.

CVE-2025-24202: Zhongcheng Li from IES Red Team of ByteDance

AccountPolicy Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2025-24234: an anonymous researcher

AirDrop Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to read arbitrary file metadata

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24097: Ron Masas of BREAKPOINT.SH

App Store Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access private information

Description: This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2025-24276: an anonymous researcher

AppleMobileFileIntegrity Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24272: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

AppleMobileFileIntegrity Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: A downgrade issue was addressed with additional code-signing restrictions.

CVE-2025-24239: Wojciech Regula of SecuRing (wojciechregula.blog)

AppleMobileFileIntegrity Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to read or write to protected files

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24233: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos.

AppleMobileFileIntegrity Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access user-sensitive data

Description: A privacy issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2025-30443: Bohdan Stasiuk (@bohdan_stasiuk)

Audio Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted font may result in the disclosure of process memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24244: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Audio Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to arbitrary code execution

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24243: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Authentication Services Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Password autofill may fill in passwords after failing authentication

Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

CVE-2025-30430: Dominik Rath

Authentication Services Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious website may be able to claim WebAuthn credentials from another website that shares a registrable suffix

Description: The issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24180: Martin Kreichgauer of Google Chrome

Authentication Services Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access a user's saved passwords

Description: This issue was addressed by adding a delay between verification code attempts.

CVE-2025-24245: Ian Mckay (@iann0036)

Automator Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: A permissions issue was addressed by removing vulnerable code and adding additional checks.

CVE-2025-30460: an anonymous researcher

BiometricKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination

Description: A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2025-24237: Yutong Xiu

Calendar Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to break out of its sandbox

Description: A path handling issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2025-30429: Denis Tokarev (@illusionofcha0s)

Calendar Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to break out of its sandbox

Description: This issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24212: Denis Tokarev (@illusionofcha0s)

CloudKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access private information

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24215: Kirin (@Pwnrin)

CoreAudio Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24163: Google Threat Analysis Group

CoreAudio Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Playing a malicious audio file may lead to an unexpected app termination

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24230: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreMedia Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory

Description: This issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24211: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreMedia Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: An access issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions.

CVE-2025-24236: Csaba Fitzl (@theevilbit) and Nolan Astrein of Kandji

CoreMedia Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24190: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreMedia Playback Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access private information

Description: A path handling issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2025-30454: pattern-f (@pattern_F_)

CoreServices Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

CVE-2025-31191: Jonathan Bar Or (@yo_yo_yo_jbo) of Microsoft, and an anonymous researcher Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

CoreText Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted font may result in the disclosure of process memory

Description: An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24182: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Crash Reporter Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A parsing issue in the handling of directory paths was addressed with improved path validation.

CVE-2025-24277: Csaba Fitzl (@theevilbit) of Kandji and Gergely Kalman (@gergely_kalman), and an anonymous researcher

curl Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An input validation issue was addressed

Description: This is a vulnerability in open source code and Apple Software is among the affected projects. The CVE-ID was assigned by a third party. Learn more about the issue and CVE-ID at cve.org.

CVE-2024-9681

Disk Images Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to break out of its sandbox

Description: A file access issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24255: an anonymous researcher

DiskArbitration Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A parsing issue in the handling of directory paths was addressed with improved path validation.

CVE-2025-30456: Gergely Kalman (@gergely_kalman)

DiskArbitration Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24267: an anonymous researcher

Dock Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access private information

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-30455: Mickey Jin (@patch1t), and an anonymous researcher

Dock Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code.

CVE-2025-31187: Rodolphe BRUNETTI (@eisw0lf) of Lupus Nova

dyld Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Apps that appear to use App Sandbox may be able to launch without restrictions

Description: A library injection issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-30462: Pietro Francesco Tirenna, Davide Silvetti, Abdel Adim Oisfi of Shielder (shielder.com)

FaceTime Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved redaction of sensitive information.

CVE-2025-30451: Kirin (@Pwnrin) and luckyu (@uuulucky)

FeedbackLogger Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved data protection.

CVE-2025-24281: Rodolphe BRUNETTI (@eisw0lf)

Focus Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An attacker with physical access to a locked device may be able to view sensitive user information

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-30439: Andr.Ess

Focus Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction.

CVE-2025-24283: Kirin (@Pwnrin)

Foundation Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: An access issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions on the system pasteboards.

CVE-2025-30461: an anonymous researcher

Foundation Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: The issue was resolved by sanitizing logging

CVE-2025-30447: LFY@secsys from Fudan University

Foundation Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service

Description: An uncontrolled format string issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24199: Manuel Fernandez (Stackhopper Security)

GPU Drivers Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2025-30464: ABC Research s.r.o.

CVE-2025-24273: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

GPU Drivers Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to disclose kernel memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks.

CVE-2025-24256: Anonymous working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative, Murray Mike

Handoff Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: The issue was addressed with improved restriction of data container access.

CVE-2025-30463: mzzzz__

ImageIO Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Parsing an image may lead to disclosure of user information

Description: A logic error was addressed with improved error handling.

CVE-2025-24210: Anonymous working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Installer Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to check the existence of an arbitrary path on the file system

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions.

CVE-2025-24249: YingQi Shi(@Mas0nShi) of DBAppSecurity's WeBin lab and Minghao Lin (@Y1nKoc)

Installer Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A sandboxed app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24229: an anonymous researcher

IOGPUFamily Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory

Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24257: Wang Yu of Cyberserval

IOMobileFrameBuffer Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to corrupt coprocessor memory

Description: The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks.

CVE-2025-30437: Ye Zhang (@VAR10CK) of Baidu Security

Kerberos Helper Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected app termination or heap corruption

Description: A memory initialization issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24235: Dave G.

Kernel Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24204: Koh M. Nakagawa (@tsunek0h) of FFRI Security, Inc.

Kernel Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24203: Ian Beer of Google Project Zero

Kernel Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An attacker with user privileges may be able to read kernel memory

Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24196: Joseph Ravichandran (@0xjprx) of MIT CSAIL

LaunchServices Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious JAR file may bypass Gatekeeper checks

Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of executable types.

CVE-2025-24148: Kenneth Chew

libarchive Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An input validation issue was addressed

Description: This is a vulnerability in open source code and Apple Software is among the affected projects. The CVE-ID was assigned by a third party. Learn more about the issue and CVE-ID at cve.org.

CVE-2024-48958

Libinfo Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A user may be able to elevate privileges

Description: An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.

CVE-2025-24195: Paweł Płatek (Trail of Bits)

libnetcore Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may result in the disclosure of process memory

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24194: an anonymous researcher

libxml2 Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination

Description: This is a vulnerability in open source code and Apple Software is among the affected projects. The CVE-ID was assigned by a third party. Learn more about the issue and CVE-ID at cve.org.

CVE-2025-27113

CVE-2024-56171

libxpc Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to break out of its sandbox

Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

CVE-2025-24178: an anonymous researcher

libxpc Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to delete files for which it does not have permission

Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of symlinks.

CVE-2025-31182: Alex Radocea and Dave G. of Supernetworks, 风沐云烟(@binary_fmyy) and Minghao Lin(@Y1nKoc)

libxpc Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to gain elevated privileges

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24238: an anonymous researcher

Mail Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: "Block All Remote Content" may not apply for all mail previews

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions.

CVE-2025-24172: an anonymous researcher

manpages Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved validation of symlinks.

CVE-2025-30450: Pwn2car

Maps Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to read sensitive location information

Description: A path handling issue was addressed with improved logic.

CVE-2025-30470: LFY@secsys from Fudan University

NetworkExtension Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to enumerate a user's installed apps

Description: This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks.

CVE-2025-30426: Jimmy

Notes Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A sandboxed app may be able to access sensitive user data in system logs

Description: A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries.

CVE-2025-24262: LFY@secsys from Fudan University

NSDocument Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to access arbitrary files

Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

CVE-2025-24232: an anonymous researcher

OpenSSH Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access user-sensitive data

Description: An injection issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2025-24246: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

PackageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24261: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

PackageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24164: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

PackageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app with root privileges may be able to modify the contents of system files

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-30446: Pedro Tôrres (@t0rr3sp3dr0)

Parental Controls Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to retrieve Safari bookmarks without an entitlement check

Description: This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks.

CVE-2025-24259: Noah Gregory (wts.dev)

Photos Storage Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Deleting a conversation in Messages may expose user contact information in system logging

Description: A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction.

CVE-2025-30424: an anonymous researcher

Power Services Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to break out of its sandbox

Description: This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks.

CVE-2025-24173: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

Python Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A remote attacker may be able to bypass sender policy checks and deliver malicious content via email

Description: This is a vulnerability in open source code and Apple Software is among the affected projects. The CVE-ID was assigned by a third party. Learn more about the issue and CVE-ID at cve.org.

CVE-2023-27043

RPAC Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: The issue was addressed with improved validation of environment variables.

CVE-2025-24191: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos

Safari Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Visiting a malicious website may lead to user interface spoofing

Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI.

CVE-2025-24113: @RenwaX23

Safari Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Visiting a malicious website may lead to address bar spoofing

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-30467: @RenwaX23

Safari Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A website may be able to access sensor information without user consent

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-31192: Jaydev Ahire

Safari Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A download's origin may be incorrectly associated

Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

CVE-2025-24167: Syarif Muhammad Sajjad

Sandbox Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access removable volumes without user consent

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24093: Yiğit Can YILMAZ (@yilmazcanyigit)

Sandbox Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An input validation issue was addressed

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-30452: an anonymous researcher

Sandbox Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24181: Arsenii Kostromin (0x3c3e)

SceneKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to read files outside of its sandbox

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-30458: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

Security Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A remote user may be able to cause a denial-of-service

Description: A validation issue was addressed with improved logic.

CVE-2025-30471: Bing Shi, Wenchao Li, Xiaolong Bai of Alibaba Group, Luyi Xing of Indiana University Bloomington

Security Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app acting as a HTTPS proxy could get access to sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved access restrictions.

CVE-2025-24250: Wojciech Regula of SecuRing (wojciechregula.blog)

Share Sheet Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to dismiss the system notification on the Lock Screen that a recording was started

Description: This issue was addressed with improved access restrictions.

CVE-2025-30438: Halle Winkler, Politepix theoffcuts.org

Shortcuts Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A shortcut may be able to access files that are normally inaccessible to the Shortcuts app

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with improved validation.

CVE-2025-30465: an anonymous researcher

Shortcuts Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access user-sensitive data

Description: An access issue was addressed with additional sandbox restrictions.

CVE-2025-24280: Kirin (@Pwnrin)

Shortcuts Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A Shortcut may run with admin privileges without authentication

Description: An authentication issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2025-31194: Dolf Hoegaerts

Shortcuts Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A shortcut may be able to access files that are normally inaccessible to the Shortcuts app

Description: This issue was addressed with improved access restrictions.

CVE-2025-30433: Andrew James Gonzalez

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: The issue was addressed with improved restriction of data container access.

CVE-2025-31183: Kirin (@Pwnrin), Bohdan Stasiuk (@bohdan_stasiuk)

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A sandboxed app may be able to access sensitive user data in system logs

Description: This issue was addressed with improved redaction of sensitive information.

CVE-2025-30435: K宝 (@Pwnrin) and luckyu (@uuulucky)

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved redaction of sensitive information.

CVE-2025-24217: Kirin (@Pwnrin)

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data

Description: A privacy issue was addressed by not logging contents of text fields.

CVE-2025-24214: Kirin (@Pwnrin)

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to enumerate devices that have signed into the user's Apple Account

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24248: Minghao Lin (@Y1nKoc) and Tong Liu@Lyutoon_ and 风(binary_fmyy) and F00L

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access user-sensitive data

Description: An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management.

CVE-2025-24205: YingQi Shi(@Mas0nShi) of DBAppSecurity's WeBin lab and Minghao Lin (@Y1nKoc)

Siri Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An attacker with physical access may be able to use Siri to access sensitive user data

Description: This issue was addressed by restricting options offered on a locked device.

CVE-2025-24198: Richard Hyunho Im (@richeeta) with routezero.security

SMB Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24269: Alex Radocea of Supernetworks

SMB Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Mounting a maliciously crafted SMB network share may lead to system termination

Description: A race condition was addressed with improved locking.

CVE-2025-30444: Dave G.

SMB Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

Description: A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24228: Joseph Ravichandran (@0xjprx) of MIT CSAIL

smbx Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An attacker in a privileged position may be able to perform a denial-of-service

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24260: zbleet of QI-ANXIN TianGong Team

Software Update Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: A library injection issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24282: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos

Software Update Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A user may be able to elevate privileges

Description: This issue was addressed with improved validation of symlinks.

CVE-2025-24254: Arsenii Kostromin (0x3c3e)

Software Update Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to modify protected parts of the file system

Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24231: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos

StickerKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to observe unprotected user data

Description: A privacy issue was addressed by moving sensitive data to a protected location.

CVE-2025-24263: Cristian Dinca of "Tudor Vianu" National High School of Computer Science, Romania

Storage Management Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to enable iCloud storage features without user consent

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24207: YingQi Shi (@Mas0nShi) of DBAppSecurity's WeBin lab, 风沐云烟 (binary_fmyy) and Minghao Lin (@Y1nKoc)

StorageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to gain root privileges

Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-30449: Arsenii Kostromin (0x3c3e), and an anonymous researcher

StorageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of symlinks.

CVE-2025-24253: Mickey Jin (@patch1t), Csaba Fitzl (@theevilbit) of Kandji

StorageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access user-sensitive data

Description: A race condition was addressed with additional validation.

CVE-2025-24240: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

StorageKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to bypass Privacy preferences

Description: A race condition was addressed with additional validation.

CVE-2025-31188: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

Summarization Services Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access information about a user's contacts

Description: A privacy issue was addressed with improved private data redaction for log entries.

CVE-2025-24218: Kirin and FlowerCode, Bohdan Stasiuk (@bohdan_stasiuk)

System Settings Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access protected user data

Description: This issue was addressed with improved validation of symlinks.

CVE-2025-24278: Zhongquan Li (@Guluisacat)

System Settings Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app with root privileges may be able to access private information

Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of symlinks.

CVE-2025-24242: Koh M. Nakagawa (@tsunek0h) of FFRI Security, Inc.

SystemMigration Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious app may be able to create symlinks to protected regions of the disk

Description: This issue was addressed with improved validation of symlinks.

CVE-2025-30457: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

Voice Control Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to access contacts

Description: This issue was addressed with improved file handling.

CVE-2025-24279: Mickey Jin (@patch1t)

Web Extensions Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may gain unauthorized access to Local Network

Description: This issue was addressed with improved permissions checking.

CVE-2025-31184: Alexander Heinrich (@Sn0wfreeze), SEEMOO, TU Darmstadt & Mathy Vanhoef (@vanhoefm) and Jeroen Robben (@RobbenJeroen), DistriNet, KU Leuven

Web Extensions Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Visiting a website may leak sensitive data

Description: A script imports issue was addressed with improved isolation.

CVE-2025-24192: Vsevolod Kokorin (Slonser) of Solidlab

WebKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash

Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 285892

CVE-2025-24264: Gary Kwong, and an anonymous researcher

WebKit Bugzilla: 284055

CVE-2025-24216: Paul Bakker of ParagonERP

WebKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A type confusion issue could lead to memory corruption

Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of floats.

WebKit Bugzilla: 286694

CVE-2025-24213: Google V8 Security Team

WebKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash

Description: A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

WebKit Bugzilla: 286462

CVE-2025-24209: Francisco Alonso (@revskills), and an anonymous researcher

WebKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash

Description: A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 285643

CVE-2025-30427: rheza (@ginggilBesel)

WebKit Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: A malicious website may be able to track users in Safari private browsing mode

Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.

WebKit Bugzilla: 286580

CVE-2025-30425: an anonymous researcher

WindowServer Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An attacker may be able to cause unexpected app termination

Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks.

CVE-2025-24247: PixiePoint Security

WindowServer Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to trick a user into copying sensitive data to the pasteboard

Description: A configuration issue was addressed with additional restrictions.

CVE-2025-24241: Andreas Hegenberg (folivora.AI GmbH)

Xsan Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination

Description: A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2025-24266: an anonymous researcher

Xsan Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination

Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking.

CVE-2025-24265: an anonymous researcher

Xsan Available for: macOS Sequoia

Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory

Description: A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling.

CVE-2025-24157: an anonymous researcher

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@ b9f4c34d:7d1a0e31

Testy McTestenface

It's been so long, html

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

I was reading this passage last night:

…from that time when one came to a grain heap of twenty measures, there would be only ten; and when one came to the wine vat to draw fifty measures, there would be only twenty. I smote you and every work of your hands with blasting wind, mildew and hail; yet you did not come back to Me,’ declares the Lord. ‘Do consider from this day onward, from the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month; from the day when the temple of the Lord was founded, consider: Is the seed still in the barn? Even including the vine, the fig tree, the pomegranate and the olive tree, it has not borne fruit. Yet from this day on I will bless you.’ ” (Haggai 2:16-19) {emphasis mine}

Why were bad things happening to the Israelites? Because they were not following God. Why did God allow these difficult situations to occur? Because God was calling them back to Himself.

This made me think of several times lately, when I had written about Christians going through hard times, that fellow believers had tried to kindly correct me implying that God would not allow these painful things to happen to believers. They were trying to defend God’s honor, but instead they were degrading God. If God is not in control of everything, then either God is unable to protect His own from harm because of sin or bad things happened accidentally and God ignored the injustice. Saying God was not in control of allowing every hardship is either saying God isn’t strong enough, isn’t smart enough, or isn’t loving enough. The God I serve is omniscient, omnipotent, omnipresent, and love incarnate. He also didn’t promise us easy, pleasant lives, but did promise that good would come out of every situation.

And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose. (Romans 8:28)

When Jesus walked on earth and some people said they wanted to follow Him, His response was not what we would expect:

And He was saying to them all, “If anyone wishes to come after Me, he must deny himself, and take up his cross daily and follow Me. For whoever wishes to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake, he is the one who will save it. For what is a man profited if he gains the whole world, and loses or forfeits himself? For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words, the Son of Man will be ashamed of him when He comes in His glory, and the glory of the Father and of the holy angels. (Luke 9:23-26) {emphasis mine}

When one particular man said that he would follow Jesus anywhere, Jesus responded this way.

As they were going along the road, someone said to Him, “I will follow You wherever You go.” And Jesus said to him, “The foxes have holes and the birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay His head.” (Luke 9:57-58) {emphasis mine}

Jesus was brutally honest that following Him would not be easy or comfortable. Following Jesus is more likely to lead to hardship and persecution that prosperity and comfort.

“Then they will deliver you to tribulation, and will kill you, and you will be hated by all nations because of My name. At that time many will fall away and will betray one another and hate one another. Many false prophets will arise and will mislead many. Because lawlessness is increased, most people’s love will grow cold. But the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come. (Matthew 24:9-14) {emphasis mine}

Of course God isn’t putting us through hardship to torture us. He is putting us in situations to grow our faith and dependence on Him, i.e. Abraham. He is putting us in situations where we can minister to others, i.e. Joseph. He is using us as examples of faith to others, i.e. Job. Any hardship has an eternal purpose. Sometimes we can see it (at least eventually) if we are looking for God’s will and plan. Sometime we won’t see what He was accomplishing until we get to heaven. Still we need to trust God through it all, knowing His plan is perfect.

“For my thoughts are not your thoughts,\ neither are your ways my ways,”\ declares the Lord.

“As the heavens are higher than the earth,\ so are my ways higher than your ways\ and my thoughts than your thoughts.

As the rain and the snow\ come down from heaven,\ and do not return to it\ without watering the earth\ and making it bud and flourish,\ so that it yields seed for the sower and bread for the eater,\ so is my word that goes out from my mouth:\ It will not return to me empty,\ but will accomplish what I desire\ and achieve the purpose for which I sent it. (Isaiah 55:8-11) {emphasis mine}

God understands how hard it is to understand what He is accomplishing. We live in the here and now while He is outside time and space and therefore has a heavenly and eternal perspective that we will never truly have this side of heaven. He has told us how the story ends, so that we can have peace and trust Him through whatever circumstances He has blessed us.

Jesus answered them, “Do you now believe? Behold, an hour is coming, and has already come, for you to be scattered, each to his own home, and to leave Me alone; and yet I am not alone, because the Father is with Me. These things I have spoken to you, so that in Me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation, but take courage; I have overcome the world.” (John 16:31-33) {emphasis mine}

In fact, Jesus made this so clear that His disciples rejoiced in persecution they received due to obeying Him and sharing His word.

They took his advice; and after calling the apostles in, they flogged them and ordered them not to speak in the name of Jesus, and then released them. So they went on their way from the presence of the Council, rejoicing that they had been considered worthy to suffer shame for His name. (Acts 5:40-41) {emphasis mine}

Peter specifically warns believers to expect trials and hardship.

Dear friends, do not be surprised at the fiery ordeal that has come on you to test you, as though something strange were happening to you. But rejoice inasmuch as you participate in the sufferings of Christ, so that you may be overjoyed when his glory is revealed. If you are insulted because of the name of Christ, you are blessed, for the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you. If you suffer, it should not be as a murderer or thief or any other kind of criminal, or even as a meddler. However, if you suffer as a Christian, do not be ashamed, but praise God that you bear that name. For it is time for judgment to begin with God’s household; and if it begins with us, what will the outcome be for those who do not obey the gospel of God? And,

“If it is hard for the righteous to be saved,\ what will become of the ungodly and the sinner?”

So then, those who suffer according to God’s will should commit themselves to their faithful Creator and continue to do good. (1 Peter 4:12-19) {emphasis mine}

Paul writes about begging God to take away a health issue. Eventually he accepted it as part of God’s plan for his life and boasted gladly in his hardship.

…Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. Three times I pleaded with the Lord to take it away from me. But he said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” Therefore I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on me. That is why, for Christ’s sake, I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships, in persecutions, in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong. (2 Corinthians 12:7b-10) {emphasis mine}

No matter what hardships we experience in life, whether poverty or persecution or poor health or loss of a loved one or any other hardship, God is with us working everything for our good.

Who will separate us from the love of Christ? Will tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? Just as it is written,

“For Your sake we are being put to death all day long;\ We were considered as sheep to be slaughtered.” **But in all these things we overwhelmingly conquer through Him who loved us. For I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers, nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing, will be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord. (Romans 8:35-39) {emphasis mine}

I like to look at the story of Joseph as an example of God’s extraordinary plan in the life of a faithful believer. Joseph trusted and honored God. God had a plan for Joseph to be used to save the lives of his family and the people of the Middle East from famine, but God didn’t just instantly put Joseph in a position of power to help. He prepared Joseph and slowly moved him to where he needed to be.

First Josephs brothers wanted to kill him out of jealousy, but God used greed to get them to sell Joseph as a slave instead. He orchestrated the right slave traders to walk by at the right time so that Joseph would wind up in the house of Potiphar, the Pharaoh’s guard.

Then when Joseph acted honorably towards God, his master, and his master’s wife, Joseph was sent to jail for years. I’m sure Joseph was wondering why God would send him to prison for doing what was right, but it put him into the presence of the cupbearer of Pharaoh. A long time after correctly interpreting the cup bearer’s dream, Joseph was called up to interpret Pharaoh’s dream, put in charge of the famine preparation and became second in command after Pharaoh. Joseph, after years of slavery and jail time, was now the second most powerful man in the Middle East, if not the world. God had a plan, but it was hard to see until its completion.

In the same way, Job lost his wealth, his children, his health, and his reputation, but remember that Satan had to get God’s permission before anything could be done to hurt Job. So many people today are blessed by seeing Job’s response to hardship and loss, by seeing Job’s faith, his struggle, and his submission to God’s plan. In this case God even gives Job more after this time of testing than he had before.

When we experience hardship we need to know that God has a plan for our life. It may be something amazing here on Earth. It may be souls won for Christ. It may be to prepare us for heaven. Whatever the case, it is for our good.

We don’t need to be ashamed that God would allow hardship. We grow most when we experience hardship. Our light shines brightest in darkness.

Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God!\ How unsearchable his judgments,\ and his paths beyond tracing out!\ “Who has known the mind of the Lord?\ Or who has been his counselor?”\ “Who has ever given to God,\ that God should repay them?”\ For from him and through him and for him are all things.\ To him be the glory forever! Amen. (Romans 11:33-36)

Trust Jesus

@ 6919d8ac:737b2c45

No mundo dinâmico dos jogos online, 7700Bet tem se destacado como uma das plataformas mais inovadoras e empolgantes, atraindo jogadores de todo o mundo. Com uma vasta gama de jogos, recursos modernos e uma experiência fluida, 7700Bet oferece um ambiente único para iniciantes e jogadores experientes. Se você é novo no mundo dos jogos online ou já tem experiência, 7700Bet promete proporcionar horas de entretenimento e muita diversão. Neste artigo, vamos explorar o que torna 7700Bet tão especial, incluindo a introdução à plataforma, os jogos disponíveis e a experiência oferecida aos jogadores.

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@ f3873798:24b3f2f3

O Bitcoin e as criptomoedas surgiram como uma alternativa descentralizada ao sistema financeiro tradicional. No entanto, no Brasil, o Sistema Financeiro Nacional (SFN) tem adotado medidas para controlar e limitar a exposição de investidores e instituições a esses ativos. Neste artigo, exploraremos as principais resoluções e regulamentações que restringem o investimento em Bitcoin no país.

O Posicionamento do Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen)

O Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen) e outros órgãos reguladores, como a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM), têm adotado uma postura cautelosa em relação às criptomoedas.

Resolução Bacen nº 4.753/2021

• Proíbe que instituições financeiras ofereçam serviços de criptomoedas em suas carteiras sem autorização prévia.
• Restringe bancos e corretoras de operarem diretamente com criptoativos, limitando sua integração ao sistema financeiro tradicional.

Comunicado do Bacen sobre Riscos das Criptomoedas

• O Bacen já emitiu alertas sobre os riscos de volatilidade, fraudes e falta de garantias em investimentos em Bitcoin.
• Recomenda que investidores tratem criptomoedas como ativos de alto risco.

---

A CVM e as Restrições a Fundos de Investimento em Bitcoin

A CVM tem sido mais restritiva que o Bacen em relação a produtos financeiros baseados em criptomoedas.

Deliberação CVM nº 175/2022

• Proíbe fundos de investimento no exterior (FIE) de alocarem mais de 10% do patrimônio em criptomoedas.
• Impede que fundos multimercados brasileiros tenham exposição direta a Bitcoin e outras criptomoedas.

Instrução CVM nº 555/2021

• Estabelece que ETFs de Bitcoin não podem ser comercializados no Brasil sem aprovação expressa da CVM.
• Até hoje, nenhum ETF de criptomoeda foi aprovado no país.

---

Tributação e Controles da Receita Federal

Além das restrições do Bacen e da CVM, a Receita Federal impõe regras rígidas para transações em Bitcoin:

Instrução Normativa RFB nº 1.888/2019

• Obriga declaração de todas as operações em criptomoedas acima de R$ 35 mil por mês.
• Tributa ganhos de capital em criptomoedas em 15% a 22,5%, dependendo do valor.

---

O Bitcoin Sob Vigilância do SFN

O Sistema Financeiro Nacional tem adotado medidas para limitar a adoção em massa do Bitcoin, seja por meio de regulamentações rígidas, restrições a fundos ou alertas sobre riscos.

Enquanto o mercado de criptomoedas cresce globalmente, no Brasil ainda há um cenário de cautela e controle, com o SFN buscando evitar que criptomoedas desafiem a hegemonia do sistema financeiro tradicional.

@ 06639a38:655f8f71

You can follow the work in progress here in this pull request https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/pull/68 on Github.

Before my 3-month break (Dec/Jan/Feb) working on Nostr-PHP I started with the NIP-19 integration in October '24. Encoding and decoding the simple prefixes (npub, nsec and note) was already done in the first commits.

Learn more about NIP-19 here: https://nips.nostr.com/19 

TLV's

Things were getting more complicated with the other prefixes / identifiers defined in NIP-19:

• nevent
• naddr
• nprofile

This is because these identifiers contain (optional) metadata called Type-Lenght-Value aka TLV's.

When sharing a profile or an event, an app may decide to include relay information and other metadata such that other apps can locate and display these entities more easily.
For these events, the contents are a binary-encoded list of _TLV_ (type-length-value), with _T_ and _L_ being 1 byte each (_uint8_, i.e. a number in the range of 0-255), and _V_ being a sequence of bytes of the size indicated by _L_.

These possible standardized TLV types are:

• 0: special
  • depends on the bech32 prefix:
    • for nprofile it will be the 32 bytes of the profile public key
    • for nevent it will be the 32 bytes of the event id
    • for naddr, it is the identifier (the "d" tag) of the event being referenced. For normal replaceable events use an empty string.
• 1: relay
  • for nprofile, nevent and  naddr, optionally, a relay in which the entity (profile or event) is more likely to be found, encoded as ascii
  • this may be included multiple times
• 2: author
  • for naddr, the 32 bytes of the pubkey of the event
  • for nevent, optionally, the 32 bytes of the pubkey of the event
• 3: kind
  • for naddr, the 32-bit unsigned integer of the kind, big-endian
  • for nevent, optionally, the 32-bit unsigned integer of the kind, big-endian

These identifiers are formatted as bech32 strings, but are much longer than the package bitwasp/bech32 (used in the library) for can handle for encoding and decoding. The bech32 strings handled by bitwasp/bech32 are limited to a maximum length of 90 characters.

Thanks to the effort of others (nostr:npub1636uujeewag8zv8593lcvdrwlymgqre6uax4anuq3y5qehqey05sl8qpl4 and nostr:npub1efz8l77esdtpw6l359sjvakm7azvyv6mkuxphjdk3vfzkgxkatrqlpf9s4) during my break, some contributions are made (modifiying the bech32 package supporting much longer strings, up to a max of 5000 characters). At this moment, I'm integrating this (mostly copy-pasting the stuff and refactoring the code):

• https://github.com/nostrver-se/nostr-php/issues/74
• https://github.com/nostriphant/nip-19

So what's next?

• NIP-19 code housekeeping + refactoring
• Prepare a new release with NIP-19 integration
• Create documentation page how to use NIP-19 on https://nostr-php.dev

@ 33baa074:3bb3a297

As an advanced level measurement device, radar water level meter has been widely used in many fields due to its advantages such as high precision, high reliability and non-contact measurement. The following are the main application scenarios of radar water level meter:

Water conservancy and hydro power: In large reservoirs and hydro power stations, radar water level meter is used to monitor the water storage in real time to ensure power generation efficiency and flood control safety.

Urban drainage management: The management of urban drainage system requires accurate measurement of the water level of rainwater outlet. Radar water level meter can monitor the water level of rainwater outlet in real time, and intelligently control drainage according to water level data to reduce the risk of urban water logging.

Industrial production and safety: In the process of industrial production, the level change of liquid storage tank has an important impact on production safety and quality control. Radar water level meter can monitor the liquid level of liquid storage tank in real time, and accurately control it through data feedback to ensure the safety and stability of the production process.

Agricultural irrigation: Radar water level meter is also widely used in the field of agricultural irrigation. It can measure the water level in reservoirs or wells, intelligently control the irrigation system according to real-time data, improve the efficiency of water resource utilization, and realize refined farmland irrigation management.

Environmental protection engineering: Sewage treatment plants use radar water level gauges to monitor the liquid level of treatment pools to optimize treatment processes and reduce energy consumption.

Scientific research: In scientific research, radar water level gauges can be used to observe changes in water levels in oceans, lakes, rivers and other water bodies. For example, in oceanographic research, radar water level gauges can be used to observe changes in ocean phenomena such as waves and tides; in chronological research, they can be used to observe changes in lake water levels and changes in water ecosystems.

Horological research: Radar water level gauges can be used to monitor water level, flow rate, flow and other parameters of water bodies, providing data support for the study of hydro logical laws. Through the monitoring data of radar water level gauges, we can understand the changing trends of water bodies and provide a scientific basis for water resources management and protection.

River water level monitoring: Radar water level gauges play an important role in the field of river water level monitoring. It can monitor river water level changes in real time around the clock, help analyze water level fluctuation trends, and provide data support for flood warnings, drought monitoring, etc.

To sum up, radar water level meter has broad application prospects in water conservancy, environmental protection, industry, agriculture, scientific research and other fields due to its unique technical advantages.

@ 7bdef7be:784a5805

The following script try, using nak, to find out the last ten people who have followed a target_pubkey, sorted by the most recent. It's possibile to shorten search_timerange to speed up the search.

```

!/usr/bin/env fish

Target pubkey we're looking for in the tags

set target_pubkey "6e468422dfb74a5738702a8823b9b28168abab8655faacb6853cd0ee15deee93"

set current_time (date +%s) set search_timerange (math $current_time - 600) # 24 hours = 86400 seconds

set pubkeys (nak req --kind 3 -s $search_timerange wss://relay.damus.io/ wss://nos.lol/ 2>/dev/null | \ jq -r --arg target "$target_pubkey" ' select(. != null and type == "object" and has("tags")) | select(.tags[] | select(.[0] == "p" and .[1] == $target)) | .pubkey ' | sort -u)

if test -z "$pubkeys" exit 1 end

set all_events "" set extended_search_timerange (math $current_time - 31536000) # One year

for pubkey in $pubkeys echo "Checking $pubkey" set events (nak req --author $pubkey -l 5 -k 3 -s $extended_search_timerange wss://relay.damus.io wss://nos.lol 2>/dev/null | \ jq -c --arg target "$target_pubkey" ' select(. != null and type == "object" and has("tags")) | select(.tags[][] == $target) ' 2>/dev/null)

set count (echo "$events" | jq -s 'length')

if test "$count" -eq 1
    set all_events $all_events $events
end

end

if test -n "$all_events" echo -e "Last people following $target_pubkey:" echo -e ""

set sorted_events (printf "%s\n" $all_events | jq -r -s '
unique_by(.id) |
sort_by(-.created_at) |
.[] | @json
')

for event in $sorted_events
    set npub (echo $event | jq -r '.pubkey' | nak encode npub)
    set created_at (echo $event | jq -r '.created_at')
    if test (uname) = "Darwin"
        set follow_date (date -r "$created_at" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    else
        set follow_date (date -d @"$created_at" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    end
    echo "$follow_date - $npub"
end

end ```

@ 4fe14ef2:f51992ec

Hey Bitcoiners,

Leave a comment below to share your hustles and wins. Let us know what you've sold this week. Have you sold it for #sats or #zaps? It doesn't matter how big or small your item is, solid or #digital, product or #service.

Just share below what you’ve listed, swapped, and sold. Let everyone rave on your latest #deals!

New to ~AGORA? Dive into the #marketplace and turn your dusty gears into shiny #BTC!

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/927256

@ d560dbc2:bbd59238

April 2, 2025

Let’s be real: to-do lists are supposed to make life easier, but more often than not, they just stress us out. You write down everything you need to do—work tasks, personal errands, that call you’ve been meaning to make—and suddenly, your list is a mile long. Instead of feeling in control, you’re overwhelmed, staring at a jumble of tasks with no clear sense of where to start. So, why do most to-do lists increase stress, and how can we fix it? The answer lies in timing.

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The Stress Trap of Traditional To-Do Lists

Most to-do lists fail because they simply dump every task you need to do without any sense of priority or timing. Imagine having:

• “Finish project report” next to “Call Mom” next to “Fix car issue”

Without guidance on when to tackle each task, your brain is left to endlessly loop through all the items—worrying that you’ll forget something or miss a deadline. This is partly due to the Zeigarnik Effect, a psychological phenomenon where unfinished tasks linger in your mind and create tension until they’re completed.

When your list is a chaotic mix of urgent and non-urgent tasks, that tension turns into stress. You either freeze up or end up procrastinating. Plus, seeing tasks you can’t act on yet—like an evening errand when it’s only 9 AM—makes your list feel unmanageable, which kills motivation.

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Timing: The Game-Changer for Stress-Free Productivity

What if your to-do list didn’t just tell you what to do, but also when to do it? By assigning each task a specific time window based on its urgency, you can focus on what’s relevant right now and let the rest wait their turn. This approach:

• Reduces mental clutter: You see only the tasks you need to work on immediately.
• Eases stress: Fewer irrelevant tasks mean less overwhelm.
• Provides a clear path forward: You know exactly what to do next, making your day more manageable and progress more satisfying.

---

How Task4Us Uses Timing to Reduce Stress

At Task4Us, we’ve built our platform around the idea of timing with our 2-5 concept. Here’s how it works:

• Assign Time Units:
  Every task gets a time unit—days, weeks, or months—based on its urgency.

• Example: “Submit a project draft” might be set as a daily task, while “catch up with friends” might be a weekly task.

• Act Within a 2-5 Window:
  The 2-5 Rule ensures you act on a task within 2 to 5 of its time units. This rhythm ensures you’re working on tasks at the optimal moment—neither too early nor too late.

• Fix Mode for Date-Specific Tasks:
  For tasks with a fixed due date (like birthdays or deadlines), Fix Mode ensures the task climbs your list as the date approaches, becoming your top task on the day.

• Mobile Optimization:
  With our recent mobile updates, you can manage your tasks on the go, even on small screens, with a clean, easy-to-use design.

---

Take Control of Your To-Do List

By shifting the focus from merely listing tasks to timing them correctly, you can break the cycle of overwhelm and procrastination. Instead of a never-ending list of tasks, you’re guided to work on the right task at the right time—and that makes all the difference.

---

Now, tell me—what’s one task you’ve been postponing for no reason? Share your story in the comments and let’s motivate each other to get it done!

---

@ ed84ce10:cccf4c2a

Hackers are Destiny: Four Fulcrums of the Future

A Dora Ventures Thesis

In “Why Software is Eating the World,” Marc Andreeson argued that software isn’t just a tool — it’s a societal force. At DoraHacks, we agree, but we go one step further.

It’s not software alone that reshapes the world. It’s hackers — those who BUIDL.

The real engine of change isn’t technology; it’s the people who choose to wield it.

DoraHacks is building a global Hacker Movement — a self-organizing force powered by open source, freedom, and code. We’re not chasing buzzwords like “Web3” or geopolitical narratives. We’re building a new society. One based on a simple but radical question:

What is truly worth building?

Dora Ventures exists to serve that mission — a capital engine designed to coordinate, amplify, and capture value from the hacker revolution.

We are placing early and aggressive bets across four core leverage points:

I. FDA Free Society — The BioHack

Freedom of Life Science is the foundation of a free society.

Every meaningful technological revolution has challenged the existing power structure.

Today, the single most over-regulated, over-centralized, and innovation-hostile domain? Life Science.

It takes ten years and billions of dollars to bring a drug from lab to patient. Most innovation dies in the trenches of bureaucracy.

We don’t need anarchy. We need a new model:A market-driven, patient-first biotech innovation stack.

The Problem:

• The FDA approval process kills breakthrough therapies before they live.
• Big Pharma monopolies decouple price from value and destroy competition.
• The “Right to Try” is a legal afterthought, not a first principle.
• Bio startups can’t survive the upfront costs of traditional trials.

The Opportunity:

• Let markets and builders lead: give power back to patients, doctors, and founders.
• Rethink from first principles: not “Did it pass?” but “Does it work?”
• Reclaim the Right to Try: the real risk is dying while waiting.
• Build a hyper-competitive biofounder ecosystem — don’t just supply Big Pharma with IP.
• Supercharge biotech with software and AI: accelerate every layer of the stack.

The future of medicine does not belong to regulators. It belongs to the builders who refuse to wait.

The FDA Free Society isn’t just a challenge to power — it’s a defense of life.

II. Open Source Quantum

Ethereum had 2015. Quantum software has 2025.

Arthur C. Clarke said: “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”

Quantum is magic — until it’s programmable, repeatable, and shared. In other words: open source.

Dora Ventures is betting on the moment quantum computing becomes a hacker’s playground.

Hardware is entering the engineering phase. Software? Still a wasteland — which means pure upside for builders.

We’re betting on:

• Quantum compilers & transpilers: bridging classical and quantum logic.
• Quantum cryptography: building fundamentally new security layers.
• Quantum applications in AI, pharma, logistics, finance, space — everything.

We're not watching from the sidelines. We’re funding open-source tools, running hackathons, and building out the decentralized quantum dev stack.

Open Source Quantum is not speculative. It’s inevitable — and massively undercapitalized.

Now is the time to build.

III. Consumer Crypto — The Fat Apps Are Coming

Crypto’s real revolution? Billion-user apps.

Crypto is not the alternative to the internet. It’s the next chapter of the internet.

In the 1990s, HTTP and TCP/IP rewired information.

In the 2000s, web apps rewired commerce and communication.

In the 2010s, mobile apps rewired human behavior.

In the 2020s, crypto apps will onboard the next billion users.

The infrastructure is ready. The fat apps are hatching.

Dora Ventures is obsessed with one question:

Who builds the PayPal and WeChat of the Web3 era?

That’s where we place our bets.

What we see coming:

• Compliant stablecoins like USDC become digital dollars.
• Crypto-native payment rails rival VISA.
• Appchains built with Move + simplified UX onboard non-crypto users.
• On-chain creator economies that pay artists, devs, and communities directly.

Imagine this:

A fan in NYC uses USDC on a Move-based blockchain (Aptos) to buy a concert ticket via KYD Labs.

An Argentinian grabs a latte daily with Bitcoin sats on Lightning.

A friend group splits dinner bills via Yakihonne, a decentralized social platform.

That’s not the future. That’s this year.

We’re not funding protocols — we’re funding paradigm shifts in experience.

IV. Agentic Organizations — DAOs Without CEOs

The end of corporations. The birth of autonomous orgs.

In 2022, Sam Altman redefined “tools.”

In 2025, we’ll redefine “organizations.”

Future orgs won’t be hierarchies. They’ll be networks of autonomous agents.

Agents are the new work unit. They don’t sleep. They learn continuously. They self-schedule.

They’re not tools to help humans — they are the operating system of post-human orgs.

What’s coming:

• DAOs with agent-driven governance and privacy.
• Smart Widgets that deploy trade/social/payment agents in three lines of code.
• Privacy as a default layer in automation.
• A new generation of AI-native hackathon projects.

AI + blockchain isn’t a buzzword. It’s the genesis of organizational intelligence.

Yesterday, the company was an information processor.

Tomorrow, the DAO is an autonomous agent network.

No CEOs. No approvals. No offices. Just coordination at the speed of compute.

The Bet: BUIDL Freedom for Humanity

FDA Free Society. Open Source Quantum. Consumer Crypto. Agentic Orgs.

These are not sci-fi. They are already happening.

At Dora Ventures, we don’t just back technologies.

We back builders who say:

“The system is broken — and I’m going to fix it myself.”

We back rebels who reject stagnation.

Who write code instead of complaints.

Who build networks instead of narratives.

Who refuse to ask permission to build the future.

Hackers are eating the world.

And in the age of AI, humanity will only survive if it chooses to become hackers — to use code, coordination, and imagination to build a world worth living in.

Let’s build.

@ ebbba253:6ec1d547

A NNBET se tornou uma plataforma de destaque no Brasil, oferecendo uma ampla variedade de opções de entretenimento online para jogadores de todos os perfis. Desde apostas esportivas até uma vasta seleção de jogos interativos, a plataforma se destaca pela sua facilidade de uso, segurança e pelas diversas oportunidades de ganhar. Se você está em busca de uma experiência online diversificada e acessível, NNBET é a escolha perfeita.

Fácil Acesso e Navegação Intuitiva Quando se trata de uma plataforma de entretenimento online, a facilidade de uso é crucial. A Nnbet oferece uma interface extremamente amigável, permitindo que jogadores novatos ou experientes possam navegar sem problemas. A plataforma é bem organizada, com seções claramente marcadas para apostas esportivas, jogos e promoções. Seu design simples e funcional permite que os usuários encontrem rapidamente suas opções preferidas, sem perder tempo.

O acesso à plataforma também é facilitado pela sua versão mobile. Isso significa que você pode acessar sua conta e jogar a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar. Com a popularização dos smartphones, essa funcionalidade é essencial, e a NNBET não deixa a desejar, oferecendo uma versão mobile otimizada que proporciona uma experiência de jogo excelente mesmo em telas menores.

Apostas Esportivas: Uma Experiência Completa A NNBET não é apenas uma plataforma de jogos, ela também se destaca no campo das apostas esportivas. Para os brasileiros, o futebol é um dos esportes mais importantes, e a plataforma oferece uma variedade imensa de mercados para apostas em jogos de futebol, tanto locais quanto internacionais. Além disso, a plataforma abrange uma grande gama de outros esportes populares, como vôlei, basquete e até esportes eletrônicos.

As apostas ao vivo são uma característica de destaque, oferecendo uma experiência interativa em tempo real. A NNBET permite que os jogadores apostem enquanto os jogos acontecem, com odds constantemente atualizadas, o que torna a experiência ainda mais empolgante e envolvente. A diversidade de mercados, aliada às odds competitivas, garante que sempre haverá algo para você apostar, independentemente do seu time ou esporte favorito.

Uma Grande Variedade de Jogos para Todos os Gostos Além das apostas esportivas, a NNBET oferece uma gama de jogos para agradar a todos os tipos de jogadores. Se você é fã de jogos de azar, a plataforma conta com uma vasta seleção de slots com temas diversificados, bônus incríveis e gráficos de última geração. Se o que você procura é uma experiência mais imersiva, os jogos ao vivo são uma excelente opção. Com dealers reais transmitindo jogos em tempo real, a NNBET recria a atmosfera de um ambiente físico, proporcionando uma experiência realista.

Outro grande atrativo são os jogos de mesa, como o blackjack e a roleta, que oferecem opções de apostas e limites variados, permitindo que todos os tipos de jogadores possam participar.

Suporte e Promoções: Garantindo a Melhor Experiência A NNBET vai além de oferecer apenas jogos e apostas. A plataforma também se destaca pelo suporte ao cliente de alta qualidade. O atendimento está disponível 24/7, sempre pronto para ajudar com dúvidas ou problemas que possam surgir. Se você tem alguma pergunta sobre sua conta, pagamentos ou jogos, o suporte estará ao seu alcance a qualquer momento.

As promoções e bônus também são uma parte importante da experiência. A NNBET oferece bônus de boas-vindas para novos jogadores, bem como promoções regulares que garantem que a diversão nunca pare. Com rodadas grátis, bônus de depósito e programas de fidelidade, a plataforma oferece uma experiência emocionante a cada visita.

@ 04cb16e4:2ec3e5d5

Wenn irgendein weltpolitisches Thema auf den Tisch kommt, wird zumeist erst einmal gefragt, ob du dafür oder dagegen bist und auf welcher Seite du dich befindest. Das macht es einfacher, dich als Freund oder Feind einzusortieren. So wird das Leben übersichtlicher und man muss nicht in die Tiefe gehen und sich mit lästigen Details auseinandersetzen. Man muss auch nicht verreisen um sich ein Bild zu machen. Dafür gibt es ja die Tagesschau. Klassisches Beispiel: Ich war vor Kurzem mit einigen Freunden essen. Einer berichtete entsetzt: „Der Putin hat die Heimatstadt von Selenski angegriffen!“

Ich versuchte mir das bildlich vorzustellen und kam zu dem Schluss, das „der Putin“ wahrscheinlich Verstärkung dabei hatte. Und ausgerechnet nachdem Trump und dessen Flügelmann Vance den armen Wolodymyr rund gemacht hatten, greift der böse Imperator dessen Heimatstadt an. Das ist fies! Das macht „der Putin“ wahrscheinlich immer so, wenn er jemandem eins auswischen will. Die Heimatstadt angreifen! Ganz gleich, ob es strategisch gerade Sinn macht oder nicht. "Der Putin" ist halt ein Teufel.

Telegramkanal RBM

Radio Berliner Morgenröte auf X

Ich denke viele gucken einfach zu viele qualitativ minderwertige Spielfilme und können Fiktion und Realität nicht mehr voneinander unterscheiden. Möglicherweise meinen sie auch, weil sie die Handlung eines Kriegsfilmes gerafft haben, verstehen sie einen Krieg.

https://www.eisbrenner.de/produkt-kategorie/buch/

https://befreiung.org/

Mein Gesprächspartner Tino Eisbrenner hat keine Sightseeing Tour durch Moskau gemacht, sondern ist in Land und Leute regelrecht eingetaucht. Außerdem kommt seine Schwiegermutter aus Russland. Da ist man dem ganzen auch menschlich viel näher und bekommt man ganz andere Einblicke als die, die einem von der Tagesschau gewährt werden. Tino ist als Friedensmusiker viel im Osten unterwegs, unter anderem auch in Georgien, Weißrussland und auf der Krim. Er spricht mit Politikern, Künstlern, Journalisten, Taxifahrern und Dissidenten. Und viele fragen ihn: „Was ist eigentlich mit den Deutschen los?“ Gute Frage! Was ist eigentlich mit uns los? Wir senden unsere Volksvertreter in die Welt hinaus, damit sie Staatsoberhäuptern aus Ländern - die um ein Vielfaches umfangreicher an Fläche und Einwohnerzahl sind und eine komplett andere Kulturgeschichte haben - damit sie denen erklären können wie man seinen Job macht. Wahrscheinlich in dem irrwitzigen Glauben, dass sie selbst ihren Job tadellos und vorbildlich ausführen.

Spenden nehmen wir entweder mit dem Paypal Button am Ende unserer Webseite https://radio-berliner-morgenroete.de/ oder per Überweisung aufs Bankkonto: DE93 1001 1001 2624 3740 74 entgegen.

Wir sind aber nicht nur verantwortlich für unsere politische Führung, sondern auch für unseren Umgang miteinander. Denn im „Großen“ gilt dasselbe wie im „Kleinen“! Man sollte erst mal bei sich selbst schauen wo es hakt und dann miteinander ins Gespräch gehen. Der Mangel an Realitätssinn und Konfliktfähigkeit zieht sich durch alle Schichten unserer Bevölkerung. Deswegen sagt Radio Berliner Morgenröte: „Wenn ihr Frieden wollt, fangt in Deutschland an und wenn ihr euch eine Meinung über Russland oder China bilden wollt, dann fahrt einfach mal dorthin und redet mit den Leuten, So wie Tino. Mir hat es riesig Spaß gemacht, ihm zuzuhören.

Weiterer Buchtipp – Ausgegendert

https://mcdn.podbean.com/mf/web/e5qbg23gz6mru9zz/Tino_Eisbrenner9tbpx.mp3

@ d04ecf33:1d62aa90

Physical prototyping

3D printers have evolved as useful tools for rapid prototyping of physical products for inspiration and demonstration purposes.

Nowadays people also use them for hobbyist endeavors. They create nice little items for pure enjoyment or very simple substitution parts that can be used regardless of industrial precision and material limitations.

Prototypers of Ideas

Similarly with LLMs, you can bounce ideas off them to better understand your own thinking and also let them generate variations of ideas. They provide inspiration, summaries, and proof-of-concept boilerplates. They are rapid prototypers for and of your ideas, creating a feedback loop.

However, to use LLMs successfully, people must understand that LLMs cannot and will never discover key insights. They are not creative in a human sense, just like 3D printers cannot produce a real car.

From engineering to art and business ideas, people use tools for almost all phases. The key innovation of LLMs is that they offer an effective tool to iterate faster in the ideation phase.

And yes, that's true of coding too. The code that LLMs generate is not production-ready, but it is a good starting point. Beware of using the prototype as the final product, as it will inevitably backfire. Use LLMs where their high-frequency but low-quality output is justified. Situations where low-quality boilerplate makes sense include experiments and other instances like code snippets, text summaries, sketches, demo videos, mockups, etc.

So, take your key idea and start the conversation. Apply critical thinking to identify where the answers lack important aspects and make mistakes, but most importantly, learn how to formulate your questions better.

Economic Impact

3D printers lower the barrier to entry in the manufacturing of physical products. LLMs, on the other hand, lower the barrier to generating useful ideas. That is to say, they lower the barrier to produce anything and everything because ideas are the basis of any product. This has a deflationary impact and, in my estimation, will further lower the need for mediocre, unimaginative people across the board. It's the bureaucrats' nightmare.

Another impactful aspect of LLMs is that they are very effective learning tools, just like 3D printers. Learning in a feedback loop used to be available only by hiring a human. Now that is one prompt and a few sats away.

Progress

LLMs need "quality data" to improve, i.e., more human insight and true creativity. Therefore, they feed on open-source. Closed-source proprietary information and "intellectual property" slow their progress, but not for long. Humans, overall, yearn for innovation more than they fear censorship and punishment. It's another Pandora's box, and the effects will never be reversed. People are essentially and foremost explainers of the world, creative innovators.

If you ask me, the human touch will be necessary at least until we have true AGI, and the path LLMs are on right now can never achieve that, not in a million years. I agree with David Deutsch's take on this: To produce real AGI, we must first crack serious concepts like how Meaning, Consciousness, Creativity, and Free Will work. We don't know how far we are from that, but it's not to be found along the path of what we call AI today.

If you are striving to become a better version of yourself and learn every day, rest assured: LLMs are your leverage. Otherwise, you will need some fiat authority, like the state today, to force others to value your work while it has an overall negative impact (90% in that category in my estimation). People like that need a shift of perspective or will suffer the consequences.

Keep printing ideas and execute on them! Learn and repeat. The path to success.

llm #ai #agi #3dp #programming

@ ebbba253:6ec1d547

A AA888 se destaca pela experiência do jogador de ponta a ponta. Desde o momento do registro, que é rápido e simples, até a jogabilidade final, a plataforma se preocupa em garantir que cada etapa do processo seja intuitiva e agradável. Isso é particularmente importante, já que muitos jogadores preferem uma experiência sem complicações, e a AA888 entrega exatamente isso.

Outro ponto que se destaca é a acessibilidade da plataforma. Independentemente de você estar em casa ou em movimento, a AA888 é compatível com dispositivos móveis e garante que a qualidade do jogo seja mantida, sem perda de performance. Seja você um jogador de desktop ou smartphone, a plataforma se adapta perfeitamente às suas necessidades.

Além disso, a Aa888 oferece um suporte ao cliente excepcional, com uma equipe disponível 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana. Isso é crucial para resolver qualquer dúvida ou problema técnico que possa surgir, garantindo que os jogadores nunca fiquem sem assistência. Esse compromisso com o atendimento ao cliente demonstra o nível de seriedade e profissionalismo da plataforma.

Para completar, a AA888 se preocupa em proporcionar uma experiência social entre os jogadores. Através de funções interativas e multiplayer, é possível competir com outros participantes e criar uma comunidade divertida e envolvente.

A AA888 é uma plataforma que realmente entrega o que promete: diversão, segurança e uma vasta gama de opções para os jogadores. Ao focar na experiência do usuário e oferecer uma grande diversidade de jogos, ela se consolida como uma das melhores opções de entretenimento online no Brasil. Se você busca diversão de qualidade e um ambiente seguro para suas aventuras online, a AA888 certamente é uma plataforma que vale a pena explorar.

@ db01672e:9f775028

Proper nutrition plays a huge role in maintaining the health and well-being of seniors, especially those with Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia. A balanced diet helps boost cognitive function, maintain strength, and prevent complications like dehydration or weight loss.

At leading Alzheimer’s care communities, every meal is carefully planned to support brain health and overall wellness. Let’s take a closer look at why nutrition is so important in https://villagegreenalzheimerscare.com/kingwood/, and how meals are tailored to meet the needs of memory care residents.

The Power of Home-Cooked, Nutritious Meals

For seniors in memory care, food isn’t just about staying full—it’s about fueling the body and mind. A well-balanced diet can improve mood, boost energy, and even slow cognitive decline.

**✔ Fresh, Wholesome Ingredients ** * Meals in assisted living communities are made with fresh vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. * Omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and vitamin-rich foods are included to support brain health. * Processed foods and excess sugars are limited to reduce inflammation and maintain stable energy levels.

**✔ Balanced and Consistent Meal Schedules ** * Seniors with dementia thrive on routine, and meal times are scheduled at the same time every day. * Regular eating habits help stabilize blood sugar levels and prevent mood swings. * Meals are prepared to be easily digestible and full of essential nutrients.

**✔ The Comfort of Home-Cooked Meals ** * Many seniors find comfort in familiar flavors and recipes that remind them of home. * Meals are often served in a family-style dining setting, encouraging social interaction. * The warm, inviting atmosphere makes eating enjoyable and stress-free.

Proper nutrition is the foundation of good health and memory care, but hydration and snacks also play a crucial role.

The Importance of Hydration, Snacks, and a Balanced Diet

Dehydration is a common risk for seniors with Alzheimer’s, as they may forget to drink water or fail to recognize thirst cues. Staying hydrated and eating nutrient-rich snacks throughout the day keeps seniors feeling their best.

**✔ Encouraging Proper Hydration ** * Water, herbal teas, and fruit-infused drinks are provided throughout the day. * Hydrating foods like soups, watermelon, and cucumbers help boost water intake. * Caregivers remind and encourage residents to drink fluids regularly.

**✔ Nutritious Snack Options ** Light snacks help maintain energy levels and prevent malnutrition. Yogurt, nuts, smoothies, and whole-grain crackers are offered between meals. Seniors with chewing difficulties can enjoy soft options like applesauce or pudding.

**✔ Creating a Balanced Diet for Dementia Care ** * High-protein meals keep muscles strong and support healing. * Fiber-rich foods improve digestion and prevent constipation. * A mix of healthy fats, carbohydrates, and proteins ensures steady energy throughout the day.

When seniors have difficulty chewing or swallowing, their meals need extra modifications.

Meal Modifications for Swallowing Difficulties and Dietary Restrictions

As dementia progresses, some seniors struggle with chewing and swallowing. Memory care communities adjust meals to ensure safety without sacrificing taste or nutrition.

**✔ Soft and Pureed Meal Options ** * Foods are softened, mashed, or pureed to prevent choking risks. * Thickened liquids help those who have trouble swallowing thin beverages. * Meals still include seasonings and variety to keep them flavorful and appealing.

**✔ Adjusting to Dietary Needs ** * Diabetic-friendly meals are available for residents with blood sugar concerns. * Low-sodium diets help those with heart conditions. * Caregivers monitor food intake to ensure residents are eating enough.

At assisted living in Kingwood, TX, these meal adjustments are made with care and expertise, ensuring every senior receives the nutrition they need.

Nutritious Meals = A Better Quality of Life

A well-balanced diet does more than just keep seniors full—it supports brain function, enhances energy, and improves overall well-being. At https://villagegreenalzheimerscare.com/dallas/ communities, every meal is designed to meet the unique needs of memory care residents.

From hydration reminders to customized meal plans, assisted living communities take the stress out of nutrition for both seniors and their families. If you’re looking for a place where your loved one can enjoy healthy, home-cooked meals in a safe and caring environment, an assisted living community in Kingwood, TX, might be the perfect choice.

@ 7c05c4f6:50d03508

Cooker.Club Secures Strategic Support from ViaBTC to Expand AI-Driven Web3 Economy

Cooker.Club, the decentralized AI agent platform pioneering the Create to Earn (C2E) model, has received strategic investment from ViaBTC, a globally recognized investment institution that integrates capital, infrastructure, and post-investment services. This partnership marks a key milestone in scaling the Cooker.Club ecosystem and advancing the fusion of blockchain and artificial intelligence.

The investment was co-led by MixBase, a web3-native incubator and strategic partner of Cooker.Club, which continues to support protocol-level experiments at the frontier of AI x Crypto.

ViaBTC's involvement brings more than funding — it adds deep industry insight, technical support, and valuable connections across the Web3 and AI sectors. This collaboration will accelerate the rollout of Cooker.Club’s C2E infrastructure, empowering AI agents and their communities to participate in decentralized value creation.

At the core of Cooker.Club’s ecosystem are three AI-native virtual characters: CyberSun, CyberMJ, and Cooker. Each is a fully on-chain persona with the ability to issue their own tokens, interact across platforms, and engage users through autonomous behaviors. $AISUN, the token for CyberSun, has already launched on PancakeSwap following a successful market curve cycle on Cooker.Club.

$COOKER serves as the native token driving the C2E reward engine and governance layer of the platform.

CyberMJ’s token is set to launch next, expanding the virtual identity layer of the ecosystem.

Backed by the C2E model, users earn $COOK passively by holding AI agent tokens, while developers and creators benefit from protocol-level support. This structure introduces a sustainable, programmable economy that redefines creator engagement.

Cooker.Club’s collaboration with ViaBTC and MIXBASE will further enhance its technical infrastructure and reach, positioning the platform as a foundational layer for on-chain AI creators. As AI and Web3 continue to converge, the partnership aims to unlock scalable tools and systems for the next generation of decentralized agents and their communities.

This is more than investment — it’s a shared vision for an autonomous, intelligent future economy.

@ a60e79e0:1e0e6813

This is a long form note of a post that lives on my Nostr educational website Hello Nostr.

So you've got yourself started, you're up to speed with the latest Nostr jargon and you've learned the basics about the protocol, but you're left wanting more!? Well, look no further! This post contains a useful list of Nostr based utilities than can enhance your experience in and around the Nostr protocol.

Search and Discovery

Getting started with Nostr can sometimes feel like a lonely journey, particularly if you're the first of your friends and family to discover how awesome it can be! These tools can help you discover new content, connect with existing follows from other networks and just generally have a poke around at the different types of content Nostr has to offer.

Have a hobby or existing community elsewhere? Have a search for it here to find others with shared interests

• Nostr.Band - Search for people, posts, media and stats literally anything Nostr has to offer!
• Nostr.Directory - Find your Twitter follows on Nostr
• Awesome Nostr - Extensive list of Relay software
• Nostr View - Generic Nostr search

Relays

Relays might not be the sexiest of topics, particularly for newcomers to the network, but they are a crucial part of what makes Nostr great. As you become more competent, you'll want to customize your relay selection and maybe even run your own! Here are some great starting points.

Running a personal relay is a powerful way to improve the redundancy of your Nostr events.

• Nostr.Watch - Browse, test and research Nostr relays
• Nostrwat.ch - List of active Nostr relays
• Advanced Nostr Search - Targetted search with date ranges
• Nostr.Wine - Reliable paid Relay

NIP-05 Identity Services

Your nPub, or public key (that long string of letters and numbers) is your ‘official’ Nostr ID, but it’s not exactly catchy. NIP-05 identifiers are a human-readable and easily shareable way to have people find you on Nostr. They look like an email address, like qna@hellonostr.xyz. If you have your own domain and web server, you can easily create your own NIP-05 identifier in just a few minutes. If you don't, you'll want to leverage one of the many free or paid solutions.

Make yourself easier to find on Nostr with a NIP-05 identifier

• Bitcoiner.Chat - Free service operated by QnA
• Nostr Plebs - Paid service with extra features
• Alby - Lightning wallet with + NIP-05 solution
• Nostr Address - Paid service with extra features
• Zaps.Lol - Free service

Key Management

Your private key (or nsec) it the key to your Nostr world. It is what allows you to access and interact with your social graph from any client. It doesn't matter if that client is a micro-blogging app like Amethyst, a podcast app like Fountain, or a P2P marketplace like Plebeian Market, your nsec is paramount to those interactions. Should your nsec be lost, or fall into the wrong hands, whoever then holds a copy can access Nostr and pretend to be you, meaning that you'll need to start again with a new keypair. Not a nice situation to find yourself in, so treat your nsec VERY carefully.

Your private key IS your Nostr identity. Treat it with extreme care and do not share it.

• Alby - Browser extension enabling you to sign into web app without sharing the private key
• Nos2x - Another browser extension key manager
• Keys.Band - Another browser extension key manager
• Amber - Android app for safe nsec storage. Can talk to other clients on the same phone to log in and sign events
• Nostr Signing Device - Dedicated device to store your nsec
• Passport - Hardware wallet for offline and deterministic nsec generation and storage

Zap Tools

Zaps are one of the most fun parts of Nostr. Never before have we been able to send fractions of a penny, instantly to our friends because their meme made us laugh, or their blog post was very insightful. Zaps use Bitcoin’s Lightning Network, a faster and cheaper way to move Bitcoin around. To Zap someone, you need a Lightning wallet linked to your Nostr client. Some clients, like Primal, ship with their own custodial wallet to make getting started a breeze. Most clients also allow more advanced users to connect an existing Lightning Wallet to reduce reliance and trust in the client provider.

• Alby - Browser extension and self-custodial Lightning wallet
• LNBits - A Zap server running on your own Bitcoin node
• BTCPay Server - Another Zap server running on your own Bitcoin node
• Zeus - Zap compatible self-custodial mobile Lightning wallet
• Nostr Wallet Connect - Communication protocol between Lightning wallets and Nostr apps
• Ecash Wallets - Custodial Ecash based wallets that are interoperable with Lightning and Nostr (Funds may be at risk)
• Wallet of Satoshi - Custodial Lightning wallet (Funds may be at risk)

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If you found this post useful, please share it with your peers and consider following and zapping me on Nostr. If you write to me and let me know that you found me via this post, I'll be sure to Zap you back! ⚡️

@ b8916ce2:bd2a5f00

Bom88 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật, được thiết kế để mang lại cho người tham gia những trải nghiệm thú vị và độc đáo. Với giao diện thân thiện và dễ sử dụng, nền tảng này cho phép người dùng dễ dàng tìm thấy và tham gia vào các trò chơi yêu thích mà không gặp phải bất kỳ khó khăn nào. Bom88 không chỉ đa dạng về các loại trò chơi mà còn có các sự kiện và thử thách đặc biệt giúp tăng thêm phần hấp dẫn. Từ các trò chơi trí tuệ đòi hỏi tư duy và chiến lược, đến các trò chơi giải trí nhẹ nhàng, Bom88 luôn đảm bảo rằng mỗi người tham gia có thể tìm thấy thứ mình yêu thích. Những tính năng sáng tạo và độc đáo của nền tảng này giúp tạo ra một không gian giải trí đỉnh cao, mang lại sự thư giãn và hào hứng cho tất cả người tham gia. Thêm vào đó, nền tảng này không ngừng cải tiến và cập nhật các trò chơi mới, giúp người tham gia không bao giờ cảm thấy nhàm chán và luôn có thể khám phá những điều mới mẻ.

Bảo mật và an toàn luôn là yếu tố quan trọng hàng đầu tại Bom88. Với việc sử dụng các công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến nhất, nền tảng này đảm bảo rằng mọi dữ liệu cá nhân và giao dịch của người dùng được bảo vệ một cách tối đa. Những biện pháp bảo mật này giúp người tham gia yên tâm hoàn toàn khi tham gia vào các hoạt động giải trí mà không phải lo lắng về sự xâm phạm thông tin. Bom88 không chỉ chú trọng đến việc bảo vệ sự riêng tư của người dùng mà còn cam kết tạo ra một môi trường chơi công bằng và an toàn. Việc áp dụng các công nghệ mã hóa và bảo mật dữ liệu hàng đầu giúp đảm bảo rằng mọi giao dịch tài chính cũng như các thông tin cá nhân của người dùng luôn được bảo vệ tuyệt đối, mang lại sự an tâm tuyệt đối khi tham gia nền tảng này. Chính nhờ những nỗ lực trong việc đảm bảo an toàn cho người dùng, Bom88 đã xây dựng được một cộng đồng đáng tin cậy và uy tín, nơi mà người tham gia có thể hoàn toàn tận hưởng những phút giây giải trí mà không phải lo ngại về vấn đề bảo mật.

Không ngừng đổi mới và sáng tạo, Bom88 luôn mang đến cho người tham gia những trải nghiệm mới mẻ và hấp dẫn. Các sự kiện đặc biệt và chương trình khuyến mãi được tổ chức thường xuyên, tạo ra những cơ hội thú vị cho người tham gia thử sức và nhận những phần thưởng giá trị. Nền tảng này không chỉ cung cấp các trò chơi hấp dẫn mà còn tạo cơ hội để người tham gia kết nối với những người có cùng sở thích, từ đó xây dựng một cộng đồng mạnh mẽ và thân thiện. Những tính năng tiện ích như hỗ trợ khách hàng 24/7 và các công cụ cá nhân hóa giúp người tham gia dễ dàng theo dõi lịch sử chơi game và điều chỉnh các cài đặt cá nhân để có được trải nghiệm tối ưu nhất. Bom88 không chỉ là nơi để giải trí mà còn là một cộng đồng kết nối những người đam mê và yêu thích khám phá, học hỏi từ những người chơi khác. Nhờ vào sự kết hợp giữa tính sáng tạo và sự đổi mới không ngừng, Bom88 đã khẳng định được vị thế của mình trong thế giới giải trí trực tuyến, trở thành một lựa chọn lý tưởng cho những ai đang tìm kiếm một không gian giải trí thú vị và đầy thử thách.

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Supetar is the main town and ferry port on Brač Island, located just across the sea from Split. It’s a charming coastal town with historic streets, beautiful beaches, and a relaxed island vibe. As the main entry point to Brač, it’s the perfect base for exploring the island’s stunning beaches, olive groves, and cultural landmarks.

🏛️ Top Things to See & Do in Supetar

1️⃣ Explore the Supetar Old Town 🏡

• Stroll through narrow, stone-paved alleys, lined with historic buildings and seaside cafés.
• Visit St. Peter’s Church & Mausoleum, featuring intricate stone carvings.
• Admire the harbor filled with fishing boats, offering postcard-worthy views.

2️⃣ Relax on Supetar’s Beaches 🏖️

• Banj Beach – A family-friendly beach with crystal-clear water & soft pebbles.
• Acapulco Beach – A more secluded, rocky beach with turquoise waters.
• Vela Luka Bay – A beautiful bay surrounded by pine forests, perfect for relaxation.

3️⃣ Visit the Olive Oil Museum in Škrip 🫒

• Just 15 minutes from Supetar, this museum showcases Brač’s olive oil heritage.
• Try traditional Dalmatian olive oil tastings & local island delicacies.

4️⃣ Take a Boat Trip to the Famous Zlatni Rat Beach ⛵

• One of Croatia’s most iconic beaches, known for its shifting horn-shaped coastline.
• Located in Bol, just a short boat or car ride away from Supetar.

5️⃣ Hike or Drive to Vidova Gora 🌄

• The highest peak on the Adriatic islands (778m), offering breathtaking views over Brač, Hvar, and beyond.
• Accessible by hiking (moderate difficulty) or driving.

6️⃣ Try Dalmatian Cuisine 🍽️

• Vitalac – A unique Brač specialty, made from lamb offal and cooked over an open fire.
• Pašticada – A slow-cooked beef dish, traditionally served with gnocchi.
• Homemade Brač cheese & wine – Try local goat cheese paired with Plavac Mali wine.

🚗 How to Get to Supetar

⛴️ By Ferry (from Split):
- The Split-Supetar ferry is the main connection (50 min ride).
- Ferries run frequently (especially in summer).
🚘 By Car:
- Supetar is the best entry point for road trips across Brač.
- Car rentals are available in town or at the ferry port.

💡 Tips for Visiting Supetar

✅ Best time to visit? May–September for warm weather & clear seas ☀️
✅ Stay at least a night – Supetar has a lovely evening atmosphere 🌙
✅ Rent a scooter or car to explore Brač’s hidden beaches & inland villages 🏍️
✅ Try local wines & olive oils – Brač is famous for both 🍷🫒
✅ Visit early in the morning for a peaceful experience before ferries get busy ⏳

@ b8916ce2:bd2a5f00

VA88 là một nền tảng giải trí trực tuyến nổi bật, mang đến cho người tham gia những trải nghiệm phong phú và hấp dẫn, từ những trò chơi thú vị đến các sự kiện độc đáo. Với giao diện được thiết kế đơn giản nhưng tinh tế, người dùng có thể dễ dàng truy cập và tham gia vào các hoạt động giải trí mà không gặp phải bất kỳ khó khăn nào. VA88 không chỉ cung cấp một loạt các trò chơi giải trí đa dạng, mà còn liên tục tổ chức các sự kiện và thử thách, giúp người tham gia có cơ hội khám phá nhiều điều mới mẻ. Nền tảng này đặc biệt chú trọng đến việc tối ưu hóa trải nghiệm người dùng, từ việc cung cấp các trò chơi dễ tiếp cận cho người mới bắt đầu đến những thử thách khó khăn dành cho những ai yêu thích sự mạo hiểm và sự cạnh tranh. Chính sự kết hợp hoàn hảo giữa tính đa dạng và tính năng thân thiện với người dùng đã giúp VA88 xây dựng được một cộng đồng giải trí vững mạnh và thu hút lượng người tham gia đông đảo.

Ngoài sự đa dạng về các trò chơi, VA88 cũng đặc biệt chú trọng đến việc bảo mật thông tin và sự an toàn của người tham gia. Nền tảng này sử dụng các công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến để đảm bảo rằng mọi giao dịch và dữ liệu cá nhân của người dùng đều được bảo vệ một cách an toàn tuyệt đối. Những biện pháp bảo mật này không chỉ giúp người tham gia yên tâm khi tham gia các trò chơi mà còn đảm bảo rằng mọi giao dịch tài chính diễn ra một cách minh bạch và bảo mật. VA88 cam kết bảo vệ quyền lợi của người tham gia bằng cách cung cấp một môi trường chơi công bằng, nơi mọi người có thể thoải mái tham gia mà không lo ngại về sự xâm phạm thông tin cá nhân. Bằng việc áp dụng các công nghệ bảo mật hàng đầu và tạo ra một môi trường an toàn, VA88 đã trở thành một lựa chọn đáng tin cậy cho những ai tìm kiếm một không gian giải trí trực tuyến an toàn và bảo mật.

Với tầm nhìn luôn hướng đến sự đổi mới và cải tiến, VA88 không ngừng nỗ lực mang đến những tính năng và trò chơi mới mẻ để đáp ứng nhu cầu ngày càng cao của người tham gia. Những sự kiện đặc biệt và các chương trình khuyến mãi luôn được tổ chức để người tham gia có thể tận hưởng nhiều cơ hội thú vị và phần thưởng hấp dẫn. VA88 luôn chủ động lắng nghe phản hồi từ cộng đồng để cải thiện dịch vụ và đảm bảo mang đến trải nghiệm giải trí tốt nhất. Bên cạnh đó, nền tảng này cũng tạo cơ hội cho người tham gia kết nối và giao lưu với nhau, giúp xây dựng một cộng đồng vững mạnh và thân thiện. Chính nhờ vào những cải tiến liên tục và sự tập trung vào nhu cầu của người dùng, VA88 đã khẳng định được vị thế của mình trong cộng đồng giải trí trực tuyến, trở thành một điểm đến lý tưởng cho những ai tìm kiếm một không gian thư giãn và đầy thử thách.

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers!

Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon!

A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats.

So stay a while and listen.

🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨

🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/931908

@ b8916ce2:bd2a5f00

VF88 mang đến cho người tham gia một không gian giải trí trực tuyến đầy thú vị, sáng tạo và đa dạng. Với giao diện thân thiện và dễ sử dụng, nền tảng này giúp người dùng dễ dàng tiếp cận và tham gia vào các hoạt động giải trí mà không gặp phải bất kỳ khó khăn nào. Các trò chơi trên VF88 được thiết kế tinh tế, đáp ứng nhu cầu của những người tham gia, dù là người mới bắt đầu hay đã có kinh nghiệm lâu dài. Không chỉ có các trò chơi thú vị, nền tảng này còn thường xuyên tổ chức các sự kiện đặc biệt và thử thách đầy hấp dẫn, tạo ra cơ hội để người tham gia trải nghiệm những điều mới mẻ và thú vị. Từ các trò chơi trí tuệ giúp rèn luyện khả năng tư duy đến những trò giải trí nhẹ nhàng giúp thư giãn, VF88 luôn có một danh mục đa dạng, phục vụ mọi sở thích của người dùng. Chính sự đa dạng này đã giúp VF88 trở thành một điểm đến lý tưởng cho những ai yêu thích khám phá và tìm kiếm một không gian giải trí năng động và đầy thử thách.

Một yếu tố quan trọng làm nên sự thành công của VF88 chính là cam kết bảo mật và an toàn cho người tham gia. Nền tảng này sử dụng những công nghệ bảo mật tiên tiến nhất để bảo vệ thông tin cá nhân và dữ liệu người dùng một cách tuyệt đối. Mọi giao dịch và thông tin liên quan đều được mã hóa và xử lý theo các tiêu chuẩn bảo mật quốc tế, giúp người tham gia hoàn toàn yên tâm khi tham gia vào các hoạt động trên nền tảng. Ngoài việc bảo vệ sự riêng tư của người dùng, VF88 cũng cam kết cung cấp một môi trường chơi an toàn và công bằng, với các biện pháp chống gian lận và bảo vệ quyền lợi của người tham gia. Điều này không chỉ tạo sự an tâm cho người dùng mà còn xây dựng được lòng tin mạnh mẽ trong cộng đồng, giúp VF88 duy trì được uy tín và vị thế của mình trên thị trường giải trí trực tuyến.

VF88 luôn không ngừng cải tiến và đổi mới để mang lại những trải nghiệm tối ưu nhất cho người tham gia. Nền tảng này luôn cập nhật những tính năng mới và tổ chức các chương trình khuyến mãi hấp dẫn, giúp người tham gia có thêm nhiều cơ hội trải nghiệm và khám phá. Ngoài ra, VF88 cũng tạo ra một cộng đồng mạnh mẽ và thân thiện, nơi người dùng có thể giao lưu, chia sẻ kinh nghiệm và kết nối với những người cùng sở thích. Các sự kiện đặc biệt và thử thách thường xuyên được tổ chức để tăng thêm phần thú vị và kịch tính cho người tham gia. Sự sáng tạo không ngừng của VF88 trong việc cải thiện dịch vụ đã giúp nền tảng này luôn giữ được sự mới mẻ, hấp dẫn, và là một lựa chọn giải trí lý tưởng cho mọi người. Với những đặc điểm này, VF88 đã khẳng định được vị thế của mình trong cộng đồng giải trí trực tuyến và là một điểm đến không thể thiếu cho những ai tìm kiếm trải nghiệm giải trí tuyệt vời.

@ 7da115b6:7d3e46ae

The Rise of the Entitled Customer

A significant contributor to the feeling of being undervalued is the rise of the “entitled” customer. Driven by a combination of factors – readily available online shopping, social media showcasing perfect purchases, and a general sense of consumerism – customers often approach retail interactions with a sense of expectation that goes far beyond simply buying a product.

Consider, for example, the increasingly common scenario of a customer returning an item – often without a receipt, without a box, and sometimes only a few days after purchase – demanding a full refund, citing a minor imperfection or simply because they found a “better deal.” A 2023 study by the National Retail Federation found that 13.7% of all retail sales in the US are Fraudulent or Abusive claims. The expectation of a return is frequently backed by a willingness to complain loudly in person and on social media. This creates a pressure point for employees.

Furthermore, the influence of online reviews has amplified this sense of entitlement. A single negative review, based on a minor inconvenience or a slightly longer-than-expected checkout line, can significantly impact a retailer's reputation and, consequently, the employee’s job security. Employees are now judged not just on the quality of their service, but on their ability to handle a constant stream of customer complaints, often delivered with little patience.

Employers: Demands Without Recognition

The pressure isn’t solely coming from the customer side. Employers, driven by profit margins and often influenced by trends in fast-fashion and rapid turnover, have become notoriously demanding. Many retailers operate on tight budgets, leading to lower wages, fewer benefits, and a constant need for employees to “go above and beyond.”

The decreasing value of the Dollar has meant that most front line workers are earning only around 70% of their counterparts paychecks from as little as a decade ago. The Dollar figure increases, but the buying power decreases dramatically. The cost of living has increased almost 22%; inflation has also increased by 16%, both in the last 3 years alone.

For instance, a recent report by Forbes highlighted that many retail workers earn minimum wage or slightly above, despite often working evenings, weekends, and holidays. This is particularly challenging in areas with a higher cost of living. Moreover, the expectation of multitasking – assisting customers, stocking shelves, operating the cash register, and handling inventory – is frequently placed on a single employee, leading to burnout and decreased morale.

The pressure to meet sales targets is another key factor. Employees are often evaluated not just on the number of transactions they process, but on their ability to upsell and cross-sell products.

Finally, the rapid pace of change in the retail industry – new technologies, shifting consumer preferences, and frequent store remodels – means that employees are constantly required to learn new skills and adapt to new procedures. This constant learning curve, coupled with the demands of customers and employers, can be exhausting.

The Result: A Systemically Unfair Equation

The combination of entitled customers, demanding employers, and a lack of recognition for the hard work of retail employees creates a systemically unfair equation. Employees are often expected to absorb the brunt of customer dissatisfaction, handle a constant stream of demands, and adapt to ever-changing conditions, all while earning relatively low wages and receiving limited benefits.

To shift this dynamic, retailers need to invest in their employees – offering competitive wages, comprehensive benefits, and opportunities for advancement. Customers, too, can play a role by remembering that retail employees are people, not just service providers, and treating them with respect and understanding.

It is disappointing that the greed for ever higher profits trumps the need for realistic living wages, and personal well-being of those front line workers affected.