@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

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originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/954269

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Prelude

I wrote this post differently than any of my others. It started with a discussion with AI on an OPSec-inspired review of separation of powers, and evolved into quite an exciting debate! I asked Grok to write up a summary in my overall writing style, which it got pretty well. I've decided to post it exactly as-is. Ultimately, I think there are two solid ideas driving my stance here:

1. Perfect is the enemy of the good
2. Failure is the crucible of success

Beyond that, just some hard-core belief in freedom, separation of powers, and operating from self-interest.

Intro

Alright, buckle up. I’ve been chewing on this idea for a while, and it’s time to spit it out. Let’s look at the U.S. government like I’d look at a codebase under a cybersecurity audit—OPSEC style, no fluff. Forget the endless debates about what politicians should do. That’s noise. I want to talk about what they can do, the raw powers baked into the system, and why we should stop pretending those powers are sacred. If there’s a hole, either patch it or exploit it. No half-measures. And yeah, I’m okay if the whole thing crashes a bit—failure’s a feature, not a bug.

The Filibuster: A Security Rule with No Teeth

You ever see a firewall rule that’s more theater than protection? That’s the Senate filibuster. Everyone acts like it’s this untouchable guardian of democracy, but here’s the deal: a simple majority can torch it any day. It’s not a law; it’s a Senate preference, like choosing tabs over spaces. When people call killing it the “nuclear option,” I roll my eyes. Nuclear? It’s a button labeled “press me.” If a party wants it gone, they’ll do it. So why the dance?

I say stop playing games. Get rid of the filibuster. If you’re one of those folks who thinks it’s the only thing saving us from tyranny, fine—push for a constitutional amendment to lock it in. That’s a real patch, not a Post-it note. Until then, it’s just a vulnerability begging to be exploited. Every time a party threatens to nuke it, they’re admitting it’s not essential. So let’s stop pretending and move on.

Supreme Court Packing: Because Nine’s Just a Number

Here’s another fun one: the Supreme Court. Nine justices, right? Sounds official. Except it’s not. The Constitution doesn’t say nine—it’s silent on the number. Congress could pass a law tomorrow to make it 15, 20, or 42 (hitchhiker’s reference, anyone?). Packing the court is always on the table, and both sides know it. It’s like a root exploit just sitting there, waiting for someone to log in.

So why not call the bluff? If you’re in power—say, Trump’s back in the game—say, “I’m packing the court unless we amend the Constitution to fix it at nine.” Force the issue. No more shadowboxing. And honestly? The court’s got way too much power anyway. It’s not supposed to be a super-legislature, but here we are, with justices’ ideologies driving the bus. That’s a bug, not a feature. If the court weren’t such a kingmaker, packing it wouldn’t even matter. Maybe we should be talking about clipping its wings instead of just its size.

The Executive Should Go Full Klingon

Let’s talk presidents. I’m not saying they should wear Klingon armor and start shouting “Qapla’!”—though, let’s be real, that’d be awesome. I’m saying the executive should use every scrap of power the Constitution hands them. Enforce the laws you agree with, sideline the ones you don’t. If Congress doesn’t like it, they’ve got tools: pass new laws, override vetoes, or—here’s the big one—cut the budget. That’s not chaos; that’s the system working as designed.

Right now, the real problem isn’t the president overreaching; it’s the bureaucracy. It’s like a daemon running in the background, eating CPU and ignoring the user. The president’s supposed to be the one steering, but the administrative state’s got its own agenda. Let the executive flex, push the limits, and force Congress to check it. Norms? Pfft. The Constitution’s the spec sheet—stick to it.

Let the System Crash

Here’s where I get a little spicy: I’m totally fine if the government grinds to a halt. Deadlock isn’t a disaster; it’s a feature. If the branches can’t agree, let the president veto, let Congress starve the budget, let enforcement stall. Don’t tell me about “essential services.” Nothing’s so critical it can’t take a breather. Shutdowns force everyone to the table—debate, compromise, or expose who’s dropping the ball. If the public loses trust? Good. They’ll vote out the clowns or live with the circus they elected.

Think of it like a server crash. Sometimes you need a hard reboot to clear the cruft. If voters keep picking the same bad admins, well, the country gets what it deserves. Failure’s the best teacher—way better than limping along on autopilot.

States Are the Real MVPs

If the feds fumble, states step up. Right now, states act like junior devs waiting for the lead engineer to sign off. Why? Federal money. It’s a leash, and it’s tight. Cut that cash, and states will remember they’re autonomous. Some will shine, others will tank—looking at you, California. And I’m okay with that. Let people flee to better-run states. No bailouts, no excuses. States are like competing startups: the good ones thrive, the bad ones pivot or die.

Could it get uneven? Sure. Some states might turn into sci-fi utopias while others look like a post-apocalyptic vidya game. That’s the point—competition sorts it out. Citizens can move, markets adjust, and failure’s a signal to fix your act.

Chaos Isn’t the Enemy

Yeah, this sounds messy. States ignoring federal law, external threats poking at our seams, maybe even a constitutional crisis. I’m not scared. The Supreme Court’s there to referee interstate fights, and Congress sets the rules for state-to-state play. But if it all falls apart? Still cool. States can sort it without a babysitter—it’ll be ugly, but freedom’s worth it. External enemies? They’ll either unify us or break us. If we can’t rally, we don’t deserve the win.

Centralizing power to avoid this is like rewriting your app in a single thread to prevent race conditions—sure, it’s simpler, but you’re begging for a deadlock. Decentralized chaos lets states experiment, lets people escape, lets markets breathe. States competing to cut regulations to attract businesses? That’s a race to the bottom for red tape, but a race to the top for innovation—workers might gripe, but they’ll push back, and the tension’s healthy. Bring it—let the cage match play out. The Constitution’s checks are enough if we stop coddling the system.

Why This Matters

I’m not pitching a utopia. I’m pitching a stress test. The U.S. isn’t a fragile porcelain doll; it’s a rugged piece of hardware built to take some hits. Let it fail a little—filibuster, court, feds, whatever. Patch the holes with amendments if you want, or lean into the grind. Either way, stop fearing the crash. It’s how we debug the republic.

So, what’s your take? Ready to let the system rumble, or got a better way to secure the code? Hit me up—I’m all ears.

@ 7ef5f1b1:0e0fcd27

A monthly newsletter by The 256 Foundation

April 2025

Introduction:

Welcome to the fourth newsletter produced by The 256 Foundation! March was an action-packed month with events ranging from the announcement of TSMC investing in US fabs to four solo block finds. Dive in to catch up on the latest news, mining industry developments, progress updates on grant projects, Actionable Advice on updating a Futurebit Apollo I to the latest firmware, and the current state of the Bitcoin network.

[IMG-001] Variation of the “I’m the captain now” meme by @maxisclub

Definitions:

MA = Moving Average

Eh/s = Exahash per second

Ph/s = Petahash per second

Th/s = Terahash per second

T = Trillion

J/Th = Joules per Terahash

$ = US Dollar

OS = Operating System

SSD = Solid State Drive

TB = Terabyte

News:

March 3, Ashigaru releases v1.1.1. Notable because this fork of Samourai Wallet serves as the remaining choice of mobile Bitcoin wallet capable of making peer to peer collaborative transactions. Not the Whirlpool transactions that Samourai Wallet was well-known for but the Stowaway and StonewallX2 p2p CoinJoin transactions. The persistence of Samourai’s tools still working despite the full force of the State coming down on the developers is a testament to the power of open-source code.

March 3, Stronghold completes cleanup of decommissioned coal plant using Bitcoin miners. Stronghold’s initiative counters the narrative that Bitcoin mining is wasteful by removing 150,000 tons of coal waste, part of a broader effort that cleared 240,000 tons in Q2 2024 alone. Waste coal piles in Pennsylvania, like the one in Russellton, have scarred landscapes, making this reclamation a significant step for local ecosystems. The project aligns with growing efforts in the region, as The Nature Conservancy also leads restoration projects in Pennsylvania to revive forests and waters. Stronghold’s dual-use model—powering Bitcoin miners and supplying the grid—shows how Bitcoin mining can support environmental goals while remaining economically viable.

March 3, five TSMC semiconductor fabs coming to Arizona. TSMC’s $100 billion investment in Arizona reflects a strategic push to bolster U.S. semiconductor production amid global supply chain vulnerabilities and geopolitical tensions, particularly with West Taiwan’s claims over Taiwan. TSMC’s existing $65 billion investment in Phoenix, now totaling $165 billion, aims to create 40,000 construction jobs and tens of thousands of high-tech roles over the next decade. This could relieve bottlenecks in ASIC chip supply if Bitcoin mining chip designers can get access to the limited foundry space. If that is the case, this could help alleviate some centralization concerns as it relates to a majority of Bitcoin mining chips coming from Taiwan and West Taiwan.

March 10, Block #887212 solved by a Bitaxe Ultra with ~491Gh/s. Not only did the Bitaxe satisfy the network difficulty, which was 112.15T, but obliterated it with a whopping 719.9T difficulty. This Block marked the second one solved by a Bitaxe and an increasing number of solo block finds overall as more individuals choose to play the Bitcoin lottery with their hashrate.

March 12, Pirate Bay co-founder, Carl Lundström, killed in plane crash. The Pirate Bay, launched in 2003, revolutionized online file-sharing by popularizing BitTorrent technology, enabling millions to access music, movies, and software, often in defiance of legal systems, which led to Lundström’s 2009 conviction for copyright infringement. The timing of his death coincides with ongoing global debates over digital ownership and intellectual property, often echoing many of the same themes in open-source technology, underscoring the enduring impact of The Pirate Bay’s challenge to traditional media distribution models.

March 18, Samourai Wallet status conference update. This was a short meeting in which the dates for the remaining pre-trial hearings was discussed.

- May 9, Opening Motion.
- June 6, prosecution response to the opening motion.
- June 20, defense replies to the prosecution response.
- July 15, prosecution provides expert disclosure
- August 8, defense provides expert disclosure
- Tdev is able to remain home during the remaining pre-trial hearings so that he doesn’t have to incur the expenses traveling back and forth between Europe and the US

Despite seemingly positive shifts in crypto-related policies from the Trump administration, all signs point to the prosecution still moving full steam ahead in this case. The defense teams need to be prepared and they could use all the financial help they can get. If you feel compelled to support the legal defense fund, please do so here. If the DOJ wins this case, all Bitcoiners lose.

March 18, DEMAND POOL launches, transitioning out of stealth mode and making room for applicants to join the private waiting list to be one of the Founding Miners.

Key features of DEMAND Pool include: • Build your own blocks • SLICE payment system & new mempool algorithm • No more empty blocks • End-to-end encryption for protection • Efficient data transfer, less wasted hashrate • Lower costs on CPU, bandwidth, & time

DEMAND Pool implements Stratum v2 so that miners can generate their own block templates, entering the arena of pools trying to decentralize mining such as OCEAN with their alternative to Stratum v2 called DATUM. A benefit of the Stratum v2 protocol over Stratum v1 is that data sent between the miner and the pool is now encrypted whereas before it was sent in clear-text, the encryption helps with network level privacy so that for example, your Internet Service Provider cannot read what is in the data being passed back and forth. Although, unless there is a proxy between your miner and the pool then the ISP may be able to determine that you are sending data to a mining pool, they just wouldn’t be able to tell what’s in that data. Overall, decentralization has become a buzz word lately and while it is a step in the right direction that more pools are enabling miners to decide which transactions are included in the block templates they work on, the pools remain a centralized force that ultimately can reject templates based on a number of reasons.

March 20, Bitaxe makes the cover of Bitcoin Magazine’s The Mining Issue, solidifying the Bitaxe as a pop-culture icon. Even those who disregard the significance of the Bitaxe project must recognize that the project’s popularity is an indication that something big is developing here.

[IMG-002] Bitcoin Magazine, The Mining Issue

March 21, self-hosted solo miner solves block #888737 with a Futurebit Apollo, making this the third solo block find for Futurebit. The first Futurebit Apollo block find may have been a fluke, the second a coincidence, but the third is an indication of a pattern forming here. More hashrate is being controlled by individuals who are constructing their own blocks and this trend will accelerate as time goes on and deploying these devices becomes easier and less expensive. This was the second solo block found in March.

March 21, US Treasury Department lifts sanctions on Tornado Cash. This is a positive sign coming from the US Treasury, however the charges against the Tornado Cash developer, Roman Storm, still stand and his legal defense team is still fighting an uphill battle. Even though the US Treasury removed Tornado Cash from the OFAC list, the department is attempting to stop a Texas court from granting a motion that would ensure the Treasury can’t put Tornado Cash back on the OFAC list. Meanwhile, the other Tornado Cash developer, Alex Pertsev, is fighting his appeal battle in the Dutch courts.

March 22, Self-hosted Public Pool user mines Block #888989. This was the first block mined with the Public Pool software, which is open-source and available for anyone to host themselves, in this case hosted on the user’s Umbrel. If you read the January issue of The 256 Foundation newsletter, there are detailed instructions for hosting your own instance of Public Pool on a Raspberry Pi. Easier solutions exist and accomplish the same thing such as Umbrel and Start9. This was the third solo block mined in March.

March 26, DeFi Education Fund publishes coalition letter urging congress to correct the DOJ’s dangerous misinterpretation of money transmission laws. In their own words: “First seen in Aug 2023 via the criminal indictment of @rstormsf, the DOJ’s novel legal theory expands criminal liability to software developers, ignoring longstanding FinCEN guidance and threatening the entire U.S. blockchain & digital asset ecosystem”. Many familiar organizations in the industry signed the letter, such as Coinbase, Kraken, A16z Crypto, and Ledger. Sadly, no Bitcoin companies signed the letter, highlighting the reckless ignorance prevalent among the “toxic Bitcoin maximalists” who often pride themselves on their narrow focus; a focus which is proving to be more of a blind spot limiting their ability to recognize a clear and present threat. The full letter text can be found here.

March 28, Heatbit reveals the black Heatbit, an elegant space heater that mines Bitcoin. Heat re-use applications such as Bitcoin mining space heaters are one of many examples where energy spent on generating heat can also earn the user sats. Other popular solutions include heating hot tubs, hotels, drive ways, and more. The innovations in this area will continue to be unlocked as open-source solutions like the ones being developed at The 256 Foundation are released and innovators gain more control over their applications.

March 29, miner with 2.5Ph/s solves Block #889975 with Solo CK Pool, marking the fourth solo block found in the month of March. This was the first solo block found on CK Pool’s European server. This was a good way to finish the month on a strong note for small-scale miners.

Free & Open Mining Industry Developments:

The development will not stop until Bitcoin mining is free and open. Innovators didn’t let off the gas in March, here are eleven note-worthy events:

0) @BTC_Grid demonstrates heating a new residential build with Bitcoin miners. This custom build features 6,000 square feet of radiant floors, 1,500 sqft of snow melting slab, 2 heated pools, all powered by Bitcoin miners and fully automated. Innovations and efficient systems like this will become more common as Bitcoin mining hardware and firmware solutions become open-source

1) @DrydeGab shares The Ocho, a Bitaxe Nerd Octaxe open-source Bitcoin miner featuring 8x BM1370 ASICs that performs at 9-10Th/s consuming ~180W. The Ocho runs on it’s own custom AxeOS. Currently out of stock but generally available for purchase in the IX Tech store.

[IMG-003] The Nerd OCTAXE Ocho by @DrydeGab

2) @incognitojohn23 demonstrates building a Bitaxe from scratch with no prior experience, proving that anyone can access this technology with a little determination and the right community. @incognitojohn23 has also uploaded several videos documenting his progress and lessons along the way. Every builder has their first day, don’t hold back if you feel compelled to jump in and get started.

3) @HodlRev demonstrating how he combines Bitcoin mining with maple syrup production. In fact, @HodlRev has integrated Bitcoin mining into several aspects of his homestead. Be sure to follow his content for an endless stream of resourceful ideas. Once open-source Bitcoin mining firmware and hardware solutions become widely available, innovators like @HodlRev will have more control over every parameter of these unique applications.

4) ATL Bitlab announces their first hackathon, running June 7 through July 6. Promoted as “A global hackathon focused on all things bitcoin mining”. If you are interested in joining the hackathon, there is a Google form you can fill out here. It will be interesting to see what innovations come from this effort.

5) @100AcresRanch builds touchscreen dashboard for Bitaxe and Loki Boards. With this, you can control up to 10 mining devices with the ability to instantly switch any of the presets without going into the mining device UI.

[IMG-004] Decentral Command Dashboard by @100AcresRanch

6) @IxTechCrypto reveals HAXE, the newest member of the Nerdaxe miner family. HAXE is a 6 ASIC miner performing at ~7.4 Th/s at ~118W. Upon looking at the IX Tech store, it seems as though the HAXE has not hit shelves yet but keep an eye out for announcements soon.

7) Solo Satoshi reveals the NerdQaxe++, the latest marvel in the world of open-source Bitcoin mining solutions. This device is equipped with four ASIC chips from the Antminer S21 Pro and boasts an efficiency rating of 15.8 J/Th. At the advertised power consumption of 76 Watts, that would produce nearly 5 Th/s. Currently out of stock at the Solo Satoshi store and the IX Tech store but in stock and available at the PlebSource store.

8) @TheSoloMiningCo shares a bolt-on voltage regulator heatsink for the Bitaxe, this is a helpful modification when overclocking your miner and helps dissipate heat away from the voltage regulator. Many innovators are discovering ways to get every bit of efficiency they can from their hardware and sharing their ideas with the wider community for anyone to adopt.

9) @boerst adds historical data to stratum.work, a public website that monitors mining pool activity through calling for the work templates being generated for the pool’s respective miners. By parsing the information available in the work templates, a number of interesting observations can be made like which pools are merely proxies for larger pools, timing analysis of when templates are sent out, and now historical data on what the state of each pool’s templates were at a given block height. The work Boerst is doing with this website provides a great tool for gaining insights into mining centralization.

10) Braiins open-sources the BCB100 Control Board, designed to work with Antminers, this control board project has two parts: the hardware and the software. For the hardware part, open files include the Bill Of Materials, schematics, Gerbers, and CAD files. For the software part, open files include the board-level OpenWrt-based firmware with the full configuration file and the Nix environment for reproducible builds. The mining firmware binaries for bosminer and boser (same as the official Braiins OS releases) are also available to download and use to compile the image for the control board, however the Braiins OS firmware itself is not included in this open-source bundle. Braiins chose the GPLv3 open-source license for the software and the CERN-OHL-S open-source license for the hardware. This is a great gesture by Braiins and helps validate the efforts of The 256 Foundation to make Bitcoin mining free and open. The Braiins GitHub repositories where all this information can be found are accessible here and here. The 256 Foundation has plans to develop a Mujina firmware that can be flashed onto the BCB100 helping target Antminer machines.

Grant Project Updates:

In March, The 256 Foundation formalized agreements with the lead developers who were selected for each project. These agreements clearly defined the scope of each project, identified the deliverables, set a timeline, and agreement on compensation was made. Below are the outlines for each project, the compensation is not made public for privacy and security reasons.

Ember One:

@skot9000 instigator of the Bitaxe and all around legend for being the first mover in open-source Bitcoin mining solutions is the lead engineer for the Ember One project. This was the first fully funded grant from The 256 Foundation and commenced in November 2024 with a six month duration. The deliverable is a validated design for a ~100W miner with a standardized form factor (128mm x 128mm), USB-C data connection, 12-24v input voltage, with plans for several versions – each with a different ASIC chip. The First Ember One features the Bitmain BM1362 ASIC, next on the list will be an Ember One with the Intel BZM2 ASIC, then an Auradine ASIC version, and eventually a Block ASIC version. Learn more at: https://emberone.org/

Mujina Mining Firmware:

@ryankuester, embedded Linux developer and Electrical Engineer who has mastered the intersection of hardware and software over the last 20 years is the lead developer for the Mujina project, a Linux based mining firmware application with support for multiple drivers so it can be used with Ember One complete mining system. The grant starts on April 5, 2025 and continues for nine months. Deliverables include:

Core Mujina-miner Application: - Fully open-source under GPLv3 license - Written in Rust for performance, robustness, and maintainability, leveraging Rust's growing adoption in the Bitcoin ecosystem - Designed for modularity and extensibility - Stratum V1 client (which includes DATUM compatibility) - Best effort for Stratum V2 client in the initial release but may not happen until later

Hardware Support:

- Support for Ember One 00 hash boards (Bitmain chips)
- Support for Ember One 01 hash boards (Intel chips) on a best effort basis but may not happen until later
- Full support on the Raspberry Pi CM5 and IO board running the Raspberry Pi OS
- Support for the Libre board when released
- Best-effort compatibility with other hardware running Linux

Management Interfaces:

• HTTP API for remote management and monitoring
• Command-line interface for direct control
• Basic web dashboard for status monitoring
• Configuration via structured text files
• Community Building and Infrastructure
• GitHub project organization and workflow
• Continuous integration and testing framework
• Comprehensive user and developer documentation
• Communication channels for users and developers
• Community building through writing, podcasts, and conference participation

The initial release of Mujina is being built in such a way that it supports long-term goals like ultimately evolving into a complete Linux-based operating system, deployable through simple flashing procedures. Initially focused on supporting the 256 Foundation's Libre control boards and Ember hash boards, Mujina's modular architecture will eventually enable compatibility with a wide variety of mining hardware from different manufacturers. Lean more at: https://mujina.org/

Libre Board:

@Schnitzel, heat re-use maximalist who turned his home's hot water accessories into Bitcoin-powered sats generators and during the day has built a successful business with a background in product management, is the lead engineer on the Libre Board project; the control board for the Ember One complete mining system. Start date is April 5, 2025 and the deliverables after six months will be a mining control board based on the Raspberry Pi Compute Module I/O Board with at least the following connections:

• USB hub integration (maybe 10 ports?)
• Support for fan connections
• NVME expansion
• Two 100-pin connectors for the compute module
• Ethernet port
• HDMI port
• Raspberrypi 40-pin header for sensors, switches, & relays etc.
• MIPI port for touchscreen
• Accepts 12-24 VDC input power voltage.

The initial release of Libre Board is being built in such a way that it supports long-term goals like alternative compute modules such as ARM, x86, and RISC-V. Learn more at: https://libreboard.org/

Hydra Pool:

@jungly, distributed systems PhD and the lead developer behind P2Pool v2 and formerly for Braidpool, now takes the reigns as lead developer for Hydra Pool, the stratum server package that will run on the Ember One mining system. Start date for this project was on April 5, 2025 and the duration lasts for six months. Deliverables include:

• Talks to bitcoind and provides stratum work to users and stores received shares
• Scalable and robust database support to save received shares 
• Run share accounting on the stored shares
• Implement payment mechanisms to pay out miners based on the share accounting
• Provide two operation modes: Solo mining and PPLNS or Tides based payout mechanism, with payouts from coinbase only. (All other payout mechanism are out of scope of this initial release for now but there will be more).
• Rolling upgrades: Tools and scripts to upgrade server with zero downtime.
• Dashboard: Pool stats view only dashboard with support to filter miner payout addresses.
• Documentation: Setup and other help pages, as required.

The initial release of Hydra Pool is being built in such a way that it supports long-term goals like alternative payout models such as echash, communicating with other Hydra Pool instances, local store of shares for Ember One, and a user-friendly interface that puts controls at the user's fingertips, and supports the ability for upstream pool proxying. Learn More at: https://hydrapool.org/

Block Watcher:

Initially scoped to be a Bitcoin mining insights application built to run on the Ember One mining system using the self-hosted node for blockchain data. However, The 256 Foundation has decided to pause Block Watcher development for a number of reasons. Primarily because the other four projects were more central to the foundation’s mission and given the early stages of the Foundation with the current support level, it made more sense to deploy capital where it counts most.

Actionable Advice:

This month’s Actionable Advice column explains the process for upgrading the Futurebit Apollo I OS to the newer Apollo II OS and replacing the SSD. The Futurebit Apollo is a small mining device with an integrated Bitcoin node designed as a plug-and-play solution for people interested in mining Bitcoin without all the noise and heat of the larger industrial-grade miners. The Apollo I can hash between 2 – 4 Th/s and will consume roughly 125 – 200 Watts. The Apollo II can hash between 8 – 10 Th/s and will consume roughly 280 – 400 Watts. The motivation behind upgrading from the Apollo I OS to the Apollo II OS is the ability to run a stratum server internally so that the mining part of the device can ask the node part of the device for mining work, thus enabling users to solo mine in a self-hosted fashion. In fact, this is exactly what The 256 Foundation did during the Telehash fundraising event where Block #881423 was solo mined, at one point there was more than 1 Eh/s of hashrate pointed to that Apollo.

[IMG-005] Futurebit Apollo I with new NVME SSD

You can find the complete flashing instructions on the Futurebit website here. You will need a separate computer to complete the flashing procedure. The flashing procedure will erase all data on the microSD card so back it up if you have anything valuable saved on there.

First navigate to the Futurebit GitHub Releases page at: https://github.com/jstefanop/apolloapi-v2/releases

Once there, you will see two OS images available for download, along with two links to alternative hosting options for those two images. If you are upgrading an Apollo I, you need to figure out which new OS image is right for your device, the MCU 1 image or the MCU 2 image. There are detailed instructions on figuring this out available here. There are multiple ways to determine if you need the MCU 1 or MCU 2 image. If the second to last digit in your Futurebit Apollo I is between 4 – 8 then you have an MCU 1; or if your batch number is 1 – 3 then you have an MCU 1; or if the circuit board has a 40-pin connector running perpendicular to the microSD card slot then you have an MCU 1. Otherwise, you have an MCU 2.

For example, this is what the MCU 1 circuit board will look like:

[IMG-006] Futurebit MCU1 example

Once you figure out which OS image you need, go ahead and download it. The SHA256 hash values for the OS Image files are presented in the GitHub repo. If you’re running Linux on your computer, you can change directory to your Download folder and run the following command to check the SHA256 hash value of the file you downloaded and compare that to the SHA256 hash values on GitHub.

[IMG-007] Verifying Futurebit OS Image Hash Value

With the hash value confirmed, you can use a program like Balena Etcher to flash your microSD card. First remove the microSD card from the Apollo circuit board by pushing it inward, it should make a small click and then spring outward so that you can grab it and remove it from the slot.

Connect the microSD card to your computer with the appropriate adapter.

Open Balena Etcher and click on the “Flash From File” button to define the file path to where you have the OS image saved:

[IMG-008] Balena Etcher user interface

Then click on the “Select Target” button to define the drive which you will be flashing. Select the microSD card and be sure not to select any other drive on your computer by mistake:

[IMG-009] Balena Etcher user interface

Then click on the “Flash” button and Balena Etcher will take care of formatting the microSD card, decompressing the OS image file, and flashing it to the microSD card.

[IMG-010] Balena Etcher user interface.

The flashing process can take some time so be patient. The Balena Etcher interface will allow you to monitor the progress.

[IMG-011] Balena Etcher user interface.

Once the flashing process is completed successfully, you will receive a notice in the balena Etcher interface that looks like this:

[IMG-012] Balena Etcher user interface.

You can remove the microSD card from your computer now and install it back into the Futurebit Apollo. If you have an adequately sized SSD then your block chain data should be safe as that is where it resides, not on the microSD card. If you have a 1TB SSD then this would be a good time to consider upgrading to a 2TB SSD instead. There are lots of options but you want to get an NVME style one like this:

[IMG-013] 1TB vs. 2TB NVME SSD

Simply loosen the screw holding the SSD in place and then remove the old SSD by pulling it out of the socket. Then insert the new one and put the screw back in place.

Once the SSD and microSD are back in place, you can connect Ethernet and the power supply, then apply power to your Apollo.

You will be able to access your Apollo through a web browser on your computer. You will need to figure out the local IP address of your Apollo device so log into your router and check the DHCP leases section. Your router should be accessible from your local network by typing an IP address into your web browser like 192.168.0.1 or 10.0.0.1 or maybe your router manufacturer uses a different default. You should be able to do an internet search for your specific router and figure it out quickly if you don’t already know. If that fails, you can download and run a program like Angry IP Scanner.

Give the Apollo some time to run through a few preliminary and automatic configurations, you should be able to see the Apollo on your local network within 10 minutes of powering it on.

Once you figure out the IP address for your Apollo, type it into your web browser and this is the first screen you should be greeted with:

[IMG-014] Futurebit welcome screen

Click on the button that says “Start setup process”. The next you will see should look like this:

[IMG-015] Futurebit mining selection screen

You have the option here to select solo mining or pooled mining. If you have installed a new SSD card then you should select pooled mining because you will not be able to solo mine until the entire Bitcoin blockchain is downloaded.

Your Apollo will automatically start downloading the Bitcoin blockchain in the background and in the mean-time you can start mining with a pool of your choice like Solo CK Pool or Public Pool or others.

Be forewarned that the Initial Blockchain Download (“IBD”) takes a long time. At the time of this writing, it took 18 days to download the entire blockchain using a Starlink internet connection, which was probably throttled at some points in the process because of the roughly 680 GB of data that it takes.

In February 2022, the IBD on this exact same device took 2 days with a cable internet connection. Maybe the Starlink was a bit of a bottleneck but most likely the extended length of the download can be attributed to all those JPEGS on the blockchain.

Otherwise, if you already have the full blockchain on your SSD then you should be able to start solo mining right away by selecting the solo mining option.

After making your selection, the Apollo will automatically run through some configurations and you should have the option to set a password somewhere in there along the way. Then you should see this page:

[IMG-016] Futurebit setup completion page

Click on the “Start mining” button. Then you should be brought to your dashboard like this:

[IMG-017] Futurebit dashboard

You can monitor your hashrate, temperatures, and more from the dashboard. You can check on the status of your Bitcoin node by clicking on the three-circle looking icon that says “node” on the left-hand side menu.

[IMG-018] Futurebit node page

If you need to update the mining pool, click on the “settings” option at the bottom of the left-hand side menu. There you will see a drop down menu for selecting a pool to use, you can select the “setup custom pool” option to insert the appropriate stratum URL and then your worker name.

Once your IBD is finished, you can start solo mining by toggling on the solo mode at the bottom of the settings page. You will have a chance to update the Bitcoin address you want to mine to. Then click on “save & restart”.

[IMG-019] Futurebit mining pool settings

Then once your system comes back up, you will see a banner at the top of the dashboard page with the IP address you can use to point any other miners you have, like Bitaxes, to your own self-hosted solo mining pool!

[IMG-020] Futurebit solo mining dashboard

Now just sit back and enjoy watching your best shares roll in until you get one higher than the network difficulty and you mine that solo block.

State of the Network:

Hashrate on the 14-day MA according to mempool.space increased from ~793 Eh/s to ~829 Eh/s in March, marking ~4.5% growth for the month.

[IMG-021] 2025 hashrate/difficulty chart from mempool.space

Difficulty was 110.57T at it’s lowest in March and 113.76T at it’s highest, which is a 2.8% increase for the month. All together for 2025 up until the end of March, difficulty has gone up ~3.6%.

According to the Hashrate Index, more efficient miners like the <19 J/Th models are fetching $17.29 per terahash, models between 19J/Th – 25J/Th are selling for $11.05 per terahash, and models >25J/Th are selling for $3.20 per terahash. Overall, prices seem to have dropped slightly over the month of March. You can expect to pay roughly $4,000 for a new-gen miner with 230+ Th/s.

[IMG-022] Miner Prices from Luxor’s Hashrate Index

Hashvalue is closed out in March at ~56,000 sats/Ph per day, relatively flat from Frebruary, according to Braiins Insights. Hashprice is $46.00/Ph per day, down from $47.00/Ph per day in February.

[IMG-023] Hashprice/Hashvalue from Braiins Insights

The next halving will occur at block height 1,050,000 which should be in roughly 1,071 days or in other words ~156,850 blocks from time of publishing this newsletter.

Conclusion:

Thank you for reading the third 256 Foundation newsletter. Keep an eye out for more newsletters on a monthly basis in your email inbox by subscribing at 256foundation.org. Or you can download .pdf versions of the newsletters from there as well. You can also find these newsletters published in article form on Nostr.

If you haven’t done so already, be sure to RSVP for the Texas Energy & Mining Summit (“TEMS”) in Austin, Texas on May 6 & 7 for two days of the highest Bitcoin mining and energy signal in the industry, set in the intimate Bitcoin Commons, so you can meet and mingle with the best and brightest movers and shakers in the space.

While you’re at it, extend your stay and spend Cinco De Mayo with The 256 Foundation at our second fundraiser, Telehash #2. Everything is bigger in Texas, so set your expectations high for this one. All of the lead developers from the grant projects will be present to talk first-hand about how to dismantle the proprietary mining empire.

IMG-024] TEMS 2025 flyer

If you have an old Apollo I laying around and want to get it up to date and solo mining then hopefully this newsletter helped you accomplish that.

[IMG-026] FREE SAMOURAI

If you want to continue seeing developers build free and open solutions be sure to support the Samourai Wallet developers by making a tax-deductible contribution to their legal defense fund here. The first step in ensuring a future of free and open Bitcoin development starts with freeing these developers.

You can just FAFO,

-econoalchemist

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b

“It isn’t obvious that the world had to work this way. But somehow the universe smiles on encryption.”

hzrd149 & Gigi take a stroll along the shore of cryptographic identities.

This dialogue explores how cryptographic signatures fundamentally shift power dynamics in social networks, moving control from servers to key holders. We discuss the concept of "setting data free" through cryptographic verification, the evolving role of relays in the ecosystem, and the challenges of building trust in decentralized systems. We examine the tension between convenience and decentralization, particularly around features like private data and data synchronization. What are the philosophical foundations of building truly decentralized social networks? And how can small architectural decisions have profound implications for user autonomy and data sovereignty?

Movies mentioned:

• 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)
• Soylent Green (1973)
• Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977)
• Johnny Mnemonic (1995)
• The Matrix (1999)

In this dialogue: - Hzrd's past conversations: Bowls With Buds 316 & 361 - Running into a water hose - Little difference, big effect - Signing data moves the power to the key holders - Self-signing data sets the data free - Relay specialization - Victor's Amethyst relay guide - Encryption and decryption is expensive - is it worth it? - The magic of nostr is that stuff follows you around - What should be shown? What should be hidden? - Don't lie to users. Never show outdated data. - Nostr is raw and immediate - How quickly you get used to things working - Legacy web always tries to sell you something - Lying, lag, frustration - How NoStrudel grew - NoStrudel notifications - Data visualization and dashboards - Building in public and discussing in public - Should we remove DMs? - Nostr as a substrate for lookups - Using nostr to exchange Signal or SimpleX credentials - How private is a group chat? - Is a 500-people group chat ever private? - Pragmatism vs the engineering mindset - The beauty and simplicity of nostr - Anti-patterns in nostr - Community servers and private relays - Will vibe coding fix (some of the) things? - Small specialized components VS frameworks - Technology vs chairs (and cars, and tractors, and books) - The problem of being greedy - Competitive silos VS synergistic cooperation - Making things easy vs barriers of entry - Value4value for music and other artists - Adding code vs removing code - Pablo's Roo setup and DVMCP - Platform permission slips vs cryptographic identities - Micropayments vs Subscription Hell - PayPerQ - Setting our user-generated data free - The GNU/Linux approach and how it beat Microsoft - Agents learning automatically thanks to snippets published on nostr - Taxi drivers, GPS, and outsourcing understanding - Wizards VS vibe coders - Age differences, Siri, and Dragon Naturally Speaking - LLMs as a human interface to call tools - Natural language vs math and computer language - Natural language has to be fuzzy, because the world is fuzzy - Language and concepts as compression - Hzrd watching The Matrix (1999) for the first time - Soylent Green, 2001, Close Encounters of the 3rd Kind, Johnny Mnemonic - Are there coincidences? - Why are LLMs rising at the same time that cryptography identities are rising? - "The universe smiles at encryption" - The universe does not smile upon closed silos - The cost of applying force from the outside - Perfect copies, locality, and the concept of "the original" - Perfect memory would be a curse, not a blessing - Organic forgetting VS centralized forgetting - Forgetting and dying needs to be effortless - (it wasn't for IPFS, and they also launched a shitcoin) - Bitcoin makes is cheap to figure out what to dismiss - Would you like to have a 2nd brain? - Trust and running LLMs locally - No need for API keys - Adjacent communities: local-first, makers and hackers, etc. - Removing the character limit was a mistake - Browsing mode vs reading mode - The genius of tweets and threads - Vibe-coding and rust-multiplatform - Global solutions vs local solutions - The long-term survivability of local-first - All servers will eventually go away. Your private key won't. - It's normal to pay your breakfast with sats now - Nostr is also a normal thing now, at least for us - Hzrd's bakery - "Send Gigi a DM that says GM" - and it just works - The user is still in control, thanks to Amber - We are lacking in nostr signing solutions - Alby's permission system as a step in the right direction - We have to get better at explaining that stuff - What we do, why we care, why we think it's important

@ 8d34bd24:414be32b

I started writing a series on the signs of the End Times and how they align with what we are seeing in the world today. There are some major concerns with predicting the end times, so I decided I should insert a short post on “Can we know when the end times are coming?” Like many principles in the Bible, it takes looking at seemingly contradictory verses to reach the truth.

This Generation

Before I get into “Can we know?” I want to address one point that some will bring up against a future Rapture, Tribulation, and Millennium.

Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all these things take place. (Matthew 24:34) {emphasis mine}

What generation is Jesus talking about. Most Christians that don’t believe in a future Rapture, Tribulation, and Millennium will point to this verse to support their point of view. The important question is, “What is Jesus referring to with the words ‘this generation’?”

Is it referring to the people He was talking to at that time? If so, since that generation died long ago, then Jesus’s predictions must have been fulfilled almost 2 millennia ago. The problem with this interpretation is that nothing resembling these predictions happened during that initial generation. You have to really twist His words to try to support that they were fulfilled. Also, John wrote in Revelation about future fulfillment. By that time, John was the last of the apostles still alive and that whole generation was pretty much gone.

If “this generation” doesn’t refer to the people Jesus was speaking to personally in that moment, then to whom does it refer? The verses immediately preceding talk about the signs that will occur right before the end times. If you take “this generation” to mean the people who saw the signs Jesus predicted, then everything suddenly makes sense. It also parallel’s Paul’s statement of consolation to those who thought they had been left behind,**

But we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope. For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. Therefore comfort one another with these words. (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18) {emphasis mine}

Some believers thought things were happening in their lifetime, but Paul gave them comfort that no believer would miss the end times rapture.

No One Knows

Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all these things take place. Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will not pass away.

But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone. For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of Noah. For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark, and they did not understand until the flood came and took them all away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be. Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will be left. Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left. (Matthew 24:34-41) {emphasis mine}

This verse very explicitly says that no one, not even angels or Jesus, knows the exact day or hour of His coming.

So when they had come together, they were asking Him, saying, “Lord, is it at this time You are restoring the kingdom to Israel?” He said to them, “It is not for you to know times or epochs which the Father has fixed by His own authority; but you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.” (Acts 1:6-8)

In this verse Jesus again says that they cannot know the time of His return, but based on context, He is explaining that this generation needs to focus on sharing the Gospel with world and not primarily on the kingdom. Is this Jesus’s way of telling them that they would not be alive to see His return, but they would be responsible for “sharing the Gospel even to the remotest part of the earth?”

Therefore we do know that predicting the exact date of His return is a fool’s errand and should not be attempted, but does this mean we can’t know when it is fast approaching?

We Should Know

There is an opposing passage, though.

The Pharisees and Sadducees came up, and testing Jesus, they asked Him to show them a sign from heaven. But He replied to them, “When it is evening, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red.’ And in the morning, ‘There will be a storm today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ Do you know how to discern the appearance of the sky, but cannot discern the signs of the times? An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign; and a sign will not be given it, except the sign of Jonah.” And He left them and went away. (Matthew 16:1-4) {emphasis mine}

In this passage, Jesus reprimands the Pharisees and Sadducees because, although they can rightly read the signs of the weather, they were unable to know and understand the prophecies of His first coming. Especially as the religious leaders, they should’ve been able to determine that Jesus’s coming was imminent and that He was fulfilling the prophetic Scriptures.

In Luke, when Jesus is discussing His second coming with His disciples, He tells this parable:

Then He told them a parable: “Behold the fig tree and all the trees; as soon as they put forth leaves, you see it and know for yourselves that summer is now near. So you also, when you see these things happening, recognize that the kingdom of God is near. (Luke 21:29-31) {emphasis mine}

Jesus would not have given this parable if there were not signs of His coming that we can recognize.

We are expected to know the Scriptures and to study them looking for the signs of His second coming. We can’t know the hour or the day, but we can know that the time is fast approaching. We shouldn’t set dates, but we should search anxiously for the signs of His coming. We shouldn’t be like the scoffers that question His literal fulfillment of His promises:

Know this first of all, that in the last days mockers will come with their mocking, following after their own lusts, and saying, “Where is the promise of His coming? For ever since the fathers fell asleep, all continues just as it was from the beginning of creation.” For when they maintain this, it escapes their notice that by the word of God the heavens existed long ago and the earth was formed out of water and by water, through which the world at that time was destroyed, being flooded with water. But by His word the present heavens and earth are being reserved for fire, kept for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly men. But do not let this one fact escape your notice, beloved, that with the Lord one day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like one day. The Lord is not slow about His promise, as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing for any to perish but for all to come to repentance. (2 Peter 3:3-9) {emphasis mine}

One thing is certain, we are closer to Jesus’s second coming than we have ever been and must be ready as we see the day approaching.

May the God of heaven give you a desire and urgency to share the Gospel with all those around you and to grow your faith, knowledge, and relationship with Him, so you can finish the race well, with no regrets. May the knowledge that Jesus could be coming soon give you an eternal perspective on life, so you put more of your time into things of eternal consequence and don’t get overwhelmed with things of the world which are here today and then are gone.

Trust Jesus.

FYI, I hope to write several more articles on the end times (signs of the times, the rapture, the millennium, and the judgement), but I might be a bit slow rolling them out because I want to make sure they are accurate and well supported by Scripture. You can see my previous posts on the end times on the end times tab at trustjesus.substack.com. I also frequently will list upcoming posts.

@ 91bea5cd:1df4451c

Básico

bash lsblk # Lista todos os diretorios montados.

Para criar o sistema de arquivos:

bash mkfs.btrfs -L "ThePool" -f /dev/sdx

Criando um subvolume:

bash btrfs subvolume create SubVol

Montando Sistema de Arquivos:

bash mount -o compress=zlib,subvol=SubVol,autodefrag /dev/sdx /mnt

Lista os discos formatados no diretório:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Adiciona novo disco ao subvolume:

bash btrfs device add -f /dev/sdy /mnt

Lista novamente os discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem show /mnt

Exibe uso dos discos do subvolume:

bash btrfs filesystem df /mnt

Balancea os dados entre os discos sobre raid1:

bash btrfs filesystem balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt

Scrub é uma passagem por todos os dados e metadados do sistema de arquivos e verifica as somas de verificação. Se uma cópia válida estiver disponível (perfis de grupo de blocos replicados), a danificada será reparada. Todas as cópias dos perfis replicados são validadas.

iniciar o processo de depuração :

bash btrfs scrub start /mnt

ver o status do processo de depuração Btrfs em execução:

bash btrfs scrub status /mnt

ver o status do scrub Btrfs para cada um dos dispositivos

bash btrfs scrub status -d / data btrfs scrub cancel / data

Para retomar o processo de depuração do Btrfs que você cancelou ou pausou:

btrfs scrub resume / data

Listando os subvolumes:

bash btrfs subvolume list /Reports

Criando um instantâneo dos subvolumes:

Aqui, estamos criando um instantâneo de leitura e gravação chamado snap de marketing do subvolume de marketing.

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-snap

Além disso, você pode criar um instantâneo somente leitura usando o sinalizador -r conforme mostrado. O marketing-rosnap é um instantâneo somente leitura do subvolume de marketing

bash btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /Reports/marketing /Reports/marketing-rosnap

Forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos usando o utilitário 'sync'

Para forçar a sincronização do sistema de arquivos, invoque a opção de sincronização conforme mostrado. Observe que o sistema de arquivos já deve estar montado para que o processo de sincronização continue com sucesso.

bash btrfs filsystem sync /Reports

Para excluir o dispositivo do sistema de arquivos, use o comando device delete conforme mostrado.

bash btrfs device delete /dev/sdc /Reports

Para sondar o status de um scrub, use o comando scrub status com a opção -dR .

bash btrfs scrub status -dR / Relatórios

Para cancelar a execução do scrub, use o comando scrub cancel .

bash $ sudo btrfs scrub cancel / Reports

Para retomar ou continuar com uma depuração interrompida anteriormente, execute o comando de cancelamento de depuração

bash sudo btrfs scrub resume /Reports

mostra o uso do dispositivo de armazenamento:

btrfs filesystem usage /data

Para distribuir os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID (incluindo o dispositivo de armazenamento recém-adicionado) montados no diretório /data , execute o seguinte comando:

sudo btrfs balance start --full-balance /data

Pode demorar um pouco para espalhar os dados, metadados e dados do sistema em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento do RAID se ele contiver muitos dados.

Opções importantes de montagem Btrfs

Nesta seção, vou explicar algumas das importantes opções de montagem do Btrfs. Então vamos começar.

As opções de montagem Btrfs mais importantes são:

**1. acl e noacl

**ACL gerencia permissões de usuários e grupos para os arquivos/diretórios do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem acl Btrfs habilita ACL. Para desabilitar a ACL, você pode usar a opção de montagem noacl .

Por padrão, a ACL está habilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem acl por padrão.

**2. autodefrag e noautodefrag

**Desfragmentar um sistema de arquivos Btrfs melhorará o desempenho do sistema de arquivos reduzindo a fragmentação de dados.

A opção de montagem autodefrag permite a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem noautodefrag desativa a desfragmentação automática do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

Por padrão, a desfragmentação automática está desabilitada. Portanto, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs usa a opção de montagem noautodefrag por padrão.

**3. compactar e compactar-forçar

**Controla a compactação de dados no nível do sistema de arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção compactar compacta apenas os arquivos que valem a pena compactar (se compactar o arquivo economizar espaço em disco).

A opção compress-force compacta todos os arquivos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs, mesmo que a compactação do arquivo aumente seu tamanho.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta muitos algoritmos de compactação e cada um dos algoritmos de compactação possui diferentes níveis de compactação.

Os algoritmos de compactação suportados pelo Btrfs são: lzo , zlib (nível 1 a 9) e zstd (nível 1 a 15).

Você pode especificar qual algoritmo de compactação usar para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com uma das seguintes opções de montagem:

• compress=algoritmo:nível
• compress-force=algoritmo:nível

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como habilitar a compactação do sistema de arquivos Btrfs .

**4. subvol e subvolid

**Estas opções de montagem são usadas para montar separadamente um subvolume específico de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

A opção de montagem subvol é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando seu caminho relativo.

A opção de montagem subvolid é usada para montar o subvolume de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs usando o ID do subvolume.

Para obter mais informações, consulte meu artigo Como criar e montar subvolumes Btrfs .

**5. dispositivo

A opção de montagem de dispositivo** é usada no sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs.

Em alguns casos, o sistema operacional pode falhar ao detectar os dispositivos de armazenamento usados em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs. Nesses casos, você pode usar a opção de montagem do dispositivo para especificar os dispositivos que deseja usar para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar a opção de montagem de dispositivo várias vezes para carregar diferentes dispositivos de armazenamento para o sistema de arquivos de vários dispositivos Btrfs ou RAID.

Você pode usar o nome do dispositivo (ou seja, sdb , sdc ) ou UUID , UUID_SUB ou PARTUUID do dispositivo de armazenamento com a opção de montagem do dispositivo para identificar o dispositivo de armazenamento.

Por exemplo,

• dispositivo=/dev/sdb
• dispositivo=/dev/sdb,dispositivo=/dev/sdc
• dispositivo=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d
• device=UUID_SUB=490a263d-eb9a-4558-931e-998d4d080c5d,device=UUID_SUB=f7ce4875-0874-436a-b47d-3edef66d3424

**6. degraded

A opção de montagem degradada** permite que um RAID Btrfs seja montado com menos dispositivos de armazenamento do que o perfil RAID requer.

Por exemplo, o perfil raid1 requer a presença de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento. Se um dos dispositivos de armazenamento não estiver disponível em qualquer caso, você usa a opção de montagem degradada para montar o RAID mesmo que 1 de 2 dispositivos de armazenamento esteja disponível.

**7. commit

A opção commit** mount é usada para definir o intervalo (em segundos) dentro do qual os dados serão gravados no dispositivo de armazenamento.

O padrão é definido como 30 segundos.

Para definir o intervalo de confirmação para 15 segundos, você pode usar a opção de montagem commit=15 (digamos).

**8. ssd e nossd

A opção de montagem ssd** informa ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs que o sistema de arquivos está usando um dispositivo de armazenamento SSD, e o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faz a otimização SSD necessária.

A opção de montagem nossd desativa a otimização do SSD.

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem de SSD será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd é habilitada.

**9. ssd_spread e nossd_spread

A opção de montagem ssd_spread** tenta alocar grandes blocos contínuos de espaço não utilizado do SSD. Esse recurso melhora o desempenho de SSDs de baixo custo (baratos).

A opção de montagem nossd_spread desativa o recurso ssd_spread .

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs detecta automaticamente se um SSD é usado para o sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Se um SSD for usado, a opção de montagem ssd_spread será habilitada. Caso contrário, a opção de montagem nossd_spread é habilitada.

**10. descarte e nodiscard

Se você estiver usando um SSD que suporte TRIM enfileirado assíncrono (SATA rev3.1), a opção de montagem de descarte** permitirá o descarte de blocos de arquivos liberados. Isso melhorará o desempenho do SSD.

Se o SSD não suportar TRIM enfileirado assíncrono, a opção de montagem de descarte prejudicará o desempenho do SSD. Nesse caso, a opção de montagem nodiscard deve ser usada.

Por padrão, a opção de montagem nodiscard é usada.

**11. norecovery

Se a opção de montagem norecovery** for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs não tentará executar a operação de recuperação de dados no momento da montagem.

**12. usebackuproot e nousebackuproot

Se a opção de montagem usebackuproot for usada, o sistema de arquivos Btrfs tentará recuperar qualquer raiz de árvore ruim/corrompida no momento da montagem. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs pode armazenar várias raízes de árvore no sistema de arquivos. A opção de montagem usebackuproot** procurará uma boa raiz de árvore e usará a primeira boa que encontrar.

A opção de montagem nousebackuproot não verificará ou recuperará raízes de árvore inválidas/corrompidas no momento da montagem. Este é o comportamento padrão do sistema de arquivos Btrfs.

**13. space_cache, space_cache=version, nospace_cache e clear_cache

A opção de montagem space_cache** é usada para controlar o cache de espaço livre. O cache de espaço livre é usado para melhorar o desempenho da leitura do espaço livre do grupo de blocos do sistema de arquivos Btrfs na memória (RAM).

O sistema de arquivos Btrfs suporta 2 versões do cache de espaço livre: v1 (padrão) e v2

O mecanismo de cache de espaço livre v2 melhora o desempenho de sistemas de arquivos grandes (tamanho de vários terabytes).

Você pode usar a opção de montagem space_cache=v1 para definir a v1 do cache de espaço livre e a opção de montagem space_cache=v2 para definir a v2 do cache de espaço livre.

A opção de montagem clear_cache é usada para limpar o cache de espaço livre.

Quando o cache de espaço livre v2 é criado, o cache deve ser limpo para criar um cache de espaço livre v1 .

Portanto, para usar o cache de espaço livre v1 após a criação do cache de espaço livre v2 , as opções de montagem clear_cache e space_cache=v1 devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,space_cache=v1

A opção de montagem nospace_cache é usada para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre.

Para desabilitar o cache de espaço livre após a criação do cache v1 ou v2 , as opções de montagem nospace_cache e clear_cache devem ser combinadas: clear_cache,nosapce_cache

**14. skip_balance

Por padrão, a operação de balanceamento interrompida/pausada de um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs será retomada automaticamente assim que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs for montado. Para desabilitar a retomada automática da operação de equilíbrio interrompido/pausado em um sistema de arquivos Btrfs de vários dispositivos ou RAID Btrfs, você pode usar a opção de montagem skip_balance .**

**15. datacow e nodatacow

A opção datacow** mount habilita o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. É o comportamento padrão.

Se você deseja desabilitar o recurso Copy-on-Write (CoW) do sistema de arquivos Btrfs para os arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatacow .

**16. datasum e nodatasum

A opção datasum** mount habilita a soma de verificação de dados para arquivos recém-criados do sistema de arquivos Btrfs. Este é o comportamento padrão.

Se você não quiser que o sistema de arquivos Btrfs faça a soma de verificação dos dados dos arquivos recém-criados, monte o sistema de arquivos Btrfs com a opção de montagem nodatasum .

Perfis Btrfs

Um perfil Btrfs é usado para informar ao sistema de arquivos Btrfs quantas cópias dos dados/metadados devem ser mantidas e quais níveis de RAID devem ser usados para os dados/metadados. O sistema de arquivos Btrfs contém muitos perfis. Entendê-los o ajudará a configurar um RAID Btrfs da maneira que você deseja.

Os perfis Btrfs disponíveis são os seguintes:

single : Se o perfil único for usado para os dados/metadados, apenas uma cópia dos dados/metadados será armazenada no sistema de arquivos, mesmo se você adicionar vários dispositivos de armazenamento ao sistema de arquivos. Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

dup : Se o perfil dup for usado para os dados/metadados, cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos manterá duas cópias dos dados/metadados. Assim, 50% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser utilizado.

raid0 : No perfil raid0 , os dados/metadados serão divididos igualmente em todos os dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, não haverá dados/metadados redundantes (duplicados). Assim, 100% do espaço em disco de cada um dos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos pode ser usado. Se, em qualquer caso, um dos dispositivos de armazenamento falhar, todo o sistema de arquivos será corrompido. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid0 .

raid1 : No perfil raid1 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a uma falha de unidade. Mas você pode usar apenas 50% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos dois dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1 .

raid1c3 : No perfil raid1c3 , três cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 33% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c3 .

raid1c4 : No perfil raid1c4 , quatro cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Nesta configuração, a matriz RAID pode sobreviver a três falhas de unidade, mas você pode usar apenas 25% do espaço total em disco. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid1c4 .

raid10 : No perfil raid10 , duas cópias dos dados/metadados serão armazenadas nos dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos, como no perfil raid1 . Além disso, os dados/metadados serão divididos entre os dispositivos de armazenamento, como no perfil raid0 .

O perfil raid10 é um híbrido dos perfis raid1 e raid0 . Alguns dos dispositivos de armazenamento formam arrays raid1 e alguns desses arrays raid1 são usados para formar um array raid0 . Em uma configuração raid10 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade em cada uma das matrizes raid1 .

Você pode usar 50% do espaço total em disco na configuração raid10 . Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid10 .

raid5 : No perfil raid5 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Uma única paridade será calculada e distribuída entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid5 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a uma única falha de unidade. Se uma unidade falhar, você pode adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir da paridade distribuída das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 1 00x(N-1)/N % do total de espaços em disco na configuração raid5 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos três dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid5 .

raid6 : No perfil raid6 , uma cópia dos dados/metadados será dividida entre os dispositivos de armazenamento. Duas paridades serão calculadas e distribuídas entre os dispositivos de armazenamento do array RAID.

Em uma configuração raid6 , o sistema de arquivos pode sobreviver a duas falhas de unidade ao mesmo tempo. Se uma unidade falhar, você poderá adicionar uma nova unidade ao sistema de arquivos e os dados perdidos serão calculados a partir das duas paridades distribuídas das unidades em execução.

Você pode usar 100x(N-2)/N % do espaço total em disco na configuração raid6 . Aqui, N é o número de dispositivos de armazenamento adicionados ao sistema de arquivos. Você precisará de pelo menos quatro dispositivos de armazenamento para configurar o sistema de arquivos Btrfs no perfil raid6 .

@ 1d7ff02a:d042b5be

ທຳຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈກັບຂໍ້ບົກພ່ອງໃນລະບົບເງິນຂອງພວກເຮົາ

ຫຼາຍຄົນພົບຄວາມຫຍຸ້ງຍາກໃນການເຂົ້າໃຈ Bitcoin ເພາະວ່າພວກເຂົາຍັງບໍ່ເຂົ້າໃຈບັນຫາພື້ນຖານຂອງລະບົບເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ຂອງພວກເຮົາ. ລະບົບນີ້, ທີ່ມັກຖືກຮັບຮູ້ວ່າມີຄວາມໝັ້ນຄົງ, ມີຂໍ້ບົກພ່ອງໃນການອອກແບບທີ່ມີມາແຕ່ດັ້ງເດີມ ເຊິ່ງສົ່ງຜົນຕໍ່ຄວາມບໍ່ສະເໝີພາບທາງເສດຖະກິດ ແລະ ການເຊື່ອມເສຍຂອງຄວາມຮັ່ງມີສຳລັບພົນລະເມືອງທົ່ວໄປ. ການເຂົ້າໃຈບັນຫາເຫຼົ່ານີ້ແມ່ນກຸນແຈສຳຄັນເພື່ອເຂົ້າໃຈທ່າແຮງຂອງວິທີແກ້ໄຂທີ່ Bitcoin ສະເໜີ.

ບົດບາດຂອງກະຊວງການຄັງສະຫະລັດ ແລະ ທະນາຄານກາງ

ລະບົບເງິນຕາປັດຈຸບັນໃນສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາປະກອບມີການເຊື່ອມໂຍງທີ່ຊັບຊ້ອນລະຫວ່າງກະຊວງການຄັງສະຫະລັດ ແລະ ທະນາຄານກາງ. ກະຊວງການຄັງສະຫະລັດເຮັດໜ້າທີ່ເປັນບັນຊີທະນາຄານຂອງປະເທດ, ເກັບອາກອນ ແລະ ສະໜັບສະໜູນລາຍຈ່າຍຂອງລັດຖະບານເຊັ່ນ: ທະຫານ, ໂຄງລ່າງພື້ນຖານ ແລະ ໂຄງການສັງຄົມ. ເຖິງຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ລັດຖະບານມັກໃຊ້ຈ່າຍຫຼາຍກວ່າທີ່ເກັບໄດ້, ເຊິ່ງເຮັດໃຫ້ຕ້ອງໄດ້ຢືມເງິນ. ການຢືມນີ້ແມ່ນເຮັດໂດຍການຂາຍພັນທະບັດລັດຖະບານ, ຊຶ່ງມັນຄືໃບ IOU ທີ່ສັນຍາວ່າຈະຈ່າຍຄືນຈຳນວນທີ່ຢືມພ້ອມດອກເບ້ຍ. ພັນທະບັດເຫຼົ່ານີ້ມັກຖືກຊື້ໂດຍທະນາຄານໃຫຍ່, ລັດຖະບານຕ່າງປະເທດ, ແລະ ທີ່ສຳຄັນ, ທະນາຄານກາງ.

ວິທີການສ້າງເງິນ (ຈາກອາກາດ)

ນີ້ແມ່ນບ່ອນທີ່ເກີດການສ້າງເງິນ "ຈາກອາກາດ". ເມື່ອທະນາຄານກາງຊື້ພັນທະບັດເຫຼົ່ານີ້, ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ໃຊ້ເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ແລ້ວ; ມັນສ້າງເງິນໃໝ່ດ້ວຍວິທີການດິຈິຕອນໂດຍພຽງແຕ່ປ້ອນຕົວເລກເຂົ້າໃນຄອມພິວເຕີ. ເງິນໃໝ່ນີ້ຖືກເພີ່ມເຂົ້າໃນປະລິມານເງິນລວມ. ຍິ່ງສ້າງເງິນຫຼາຍຂຶ້ນ ແລະ ເພີ່ມເຂົ້າໄປ, ມູນຄ່າຂອງເງິນທີ່ມີຢູ່ແລ້ວກໍຍິ່ງຫຼຸດລົງ. ຂະບວນການນີ້ຄືສິ່ງທີ່ພວກເຮົາເອີ້ນວ່າເງິນເຟີ້. ເນື່ອງຈາກກະຊວງການຄັງຢືມຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ ແລະ ທະນາຄານກາງສາມາດພິມໄດ້ຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ, ສິ່ງນີ້ຖືກສະເໜີວ່າເປັນວົງຈອນທີ່ບໍ່ມີທີ່ສິ້ນສຸດ.

ການໃຫ້ກູ້ຢືມສະຫງວນບາງສ່ວນໂດຍທະນາຄານ

ເພີ່ມເຂົ້າໃນບັນຫານີ້ຄືການປະຕິບັດຂອງການໃຫ້ກູ້ຢືມສະຫງວນບາງສ່ວນໂດຍທະນາຄານ. ເມື່ອທ່ານຝາກເງິນເຂົ້າທະນາຄານ, ທະນາຄານຖືກຮຽກຮ້ອງໃຫ້ເກັບຮັກສາພຽງແຕ່ສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງເງິນຝາກນັ້ນໄວ້ເປັນເງິນສະຫງວນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ, 10%). ສ່ວນທີ່ເຫຼືອ (90%) ສາມາດຖືກປ່ອຍກູ້. ເມື່ອຜູ້ກູ້ຢືມໃຊ້ຈ່າຍເງິນນັ້ນ, ມັນມັກຖືກຝາກເຂົ້າອີກທະນາຄານ, ເຊິ່ງຈາກນັ້ນກໍຈະເຮັດຊ້ຳຂະບວນການໃຫ້ກູ້ຢືມສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງເງິນຝາກ. ວົງຈອນນີ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ເພີ່ມຈຳນວນເງິນທີ່ໝູນວຽນຢູ່ໃນລະບົບໂດຍອີງໃສ່ເງິນຝາກເບື້ອງຕົ້ນ, ເຊິ່ງສ້າງເງິນຜ່ານໜີ້ສິນ. ລະບົບນີ້ໂດຍທຳມະຊາດແລ້ວບອບບາງ; ຖ້າມີຫຼາຍຄົນພະຍາຍາມຖອນເງິນຝາກຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າພ້ອມກັນ (ການແລ່ນທະນາຄານ), ທະນາຄານກໍຈະລົ້ມເພາະວ່າມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ເກັບຮັກສາເງິນທັງໝົດໄວ້. ເງິນໃນທະນາຄານບໍ່ປອດໄພຄືກັບທີ່ເຊື່ອກັນທົ່ວໄປ ແລະ ສາມາດຖືກແຊ່ແຂງໃນຊ່ວງວິກິດການ ຫຼື ສູນເສຍຖ້າທະນາຄານລົ້ມລະລາຍ (ຍົກເວັ້ນໄດ້ຮັບການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ).

ຜົນກະທົບ Cantillon: ໃຜໄດ້ຮັບຜົນປະໂຫຍດກ່ອນ

ເງິນທີ່ຖືກສ້າງຂຶ້ນໃໝ່ບໍ່ໄດ້ກະຈາຍຢ່າງເທົ່າທຽມກັນ. "ຜົນກະທົບ Cantillon", ບ່ອນທີ່ຜູ້ທີ່ຢູ່ໃກ້ກັບແຫຼ່ງສ້າງເງິນໄດ້ຮັບຜົນປະໂຫຍດກ່ອນ. ນີ້ລວມເຖິງລັດຖະບານເອງ (ສະໜັບສະໜູນລາຍຈ່າຍ), ທະນາຄານໃຫຍ່ ແລະ Wall Street (ໄດ້ຮັບທຶນໃນອັດຕາດອກເບ້ຍຕ່ຳສຳລັບການກູ້ຢືມ ແລະ ການລົງທຶນ), ແລະ ບໍລິສັດໃຫຍ່ (ເຂົ້າເຖິງເງິນກູ້ທີ່ຖືກກວ່າສຳລັບການລົງທຶນ). ບຸກຄົນເຫຼົ່ານີ້ໄດ້ຊື້ຊັບສິນ ຫຼື ລົງທຶນກ່ອນທີ່ຜົນກະທົບຂອງເງິນເຟີ້ຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ລາຄາສູງຂຶ້ນ, ເຊິ່ງເຮັດໃຫ້ພວກເຂົາມີຂໍ້ໄດ້ປຽບ.

ຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ຄົນທົ່ວໄປ

ສຳລັບຄົນທົ່ວໄປ, ຜົນກະທົບຂອງປະລິມານເງິນທີ່ເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນນີ້ແມ່ນການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນຂອງລາຄາສິນຄ້າ ແລະ ການບໍລິການ - ນ້ຳມັນ, ຄ່າເຊົ່າ, ການດູແລສຸຂະພາບ, ອາຫານ, ແລະ ອື່ນໆ. ເນື່ອງຈາກຄ່າແຮງງານໂດຍທົ່ວໄປບໍ່ທັນກັບອັດຕາເງິນເຟີ້ນີ້, ອຳນາດການຊື້ຂອງປະຊາຊົນຈະຫຼຸດລົງເມື່ອເວລາຜ່ານໄປ. ມັນຄືກັບການແລ່ນໄວຂຶ້ນພຽງເພື່ອຢູ່ໃນບ່ອນເກົ່າ.

Bitcoin: ທາງເລືອກເງິນທີ່ໝັ້ນຄົງ

ຄວາມຂາດແຄນ: ບໍ່ຄືກັບເງິນຕາ fiat, Bitcoin ມີຂີດຈຳກັດສູງສຸດໃນປະລິມານຂອງມັນ. ຈະມີພຽງ 21 ລ້ານ Bitcoin ເທົ່ານັ້ນຖືກສ້າງຂຶ້ນ, ຂີດຈຳກັດນີ້ຝັງຢູ່ໃນໂຄດຂອງມັນ ແລະ ບໍ່ສາມາດປ່ຽນແປງໄດ້. ການສະໜອງທີ່ຈຳກັດນີ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ Bitcoin ເປັນເງິນຫຼຸດລາຄາ; ເມື່ອຄວາມຕ້ອງການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ, ມູນຄ່າຂອງມັນມີແນວໂນ້ມທີ່ຈະເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນເພາະວ່າປະລິມານການສະໜອງບໍ່ສາມາດຂະຫຍາຍຕົວ.

ຄວາມທົນທານ: Bitcoin ຢູ່ໃນ blockchain, ເຊິ່ງເປັນປຶ້ມບັນຊີສາທາລະນະທີ່ແບ່ງປັນກັນຂອງທຸກການເຮັດທຸລະກຳທີ່ແທບຈະເປັນໄປບໍ່ໄດ້ທີ່ຈະລຶບ ຫຼື ປ່ຽນແປງ. ປຶ້ມບັນຊີນີ້ຖືກກະຈາຍໄປທົ່ວພັນຄອມພິວເຕີ (nodes) ທົ່ວໂລກ. ແມ້ແຕ່ຖ້າອິນເຕີເນັດລົ້ມ, ເຄືອຂ່າຍສາມາດຢູ່ຕໍ່ໄປໄດ້ຜ່ານວິທີການອື່ນເຊັ່ນ: ດາວທຽມ ຫຼື ຄື້ນວິທະຍຸ. ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຜົນກະທົບຈາກການທຳລາຍທາງກາຍະພາບຂອງເງິນສົດ ຫຼື ການແຮັກຖານຂໍ້ມູນແບບລວມສູນ.

ການພົກພາ: Bitcoin ສາມາດຖືກສົ່ງໄປໃນທຸກບ່ອນໃນໂລກໄດ້ທັນທີ, 24/7, ດ້ວຍການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ອິນເຕີເນັດ, ໂດຍບໍ່ຈຳເປັນຕ້ອງມີທະນາຄານ ຫຼື ການອະນຸຍາດຈາກພາກສ່ວນທີສາມ. ທ່ານສາມາດເກັບຮັກສາ Bitcoin ຂອງທ່ານໄດ້ດ້ວຍຕົນເອງໃນອຸປະກອນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າກະເປົາເຢັນ, ແລະ ຕາບໃດທີ່ທ່ານຮູ້ວະລີກະແຈລັບຂອງທ່ານ, ທ່ານສາມາດເຂົ້າເຖິງເງິນຂອງທ່ານຈາກກະເປົາທີ່ເຂົ້າກັນໄດ້, ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າອຸປະກອນຈະສູນຫາຍ. ສິ່ງນີ້ສະດວກສະບາຍກວ່າ ແລະ ມີຄວາມສ່ຽງໜ້ອຍກວ່າການພົກພາເງິນສົດຈຳນວນຫຼາຍ ຫຼື ການນຳທາງການໂອນເງິນສາກົນທີ່ຊັບຊ້ອນ.

ການແບ່ງຍ່ອຍ: Bitcoin ສາມາດແບ່ງຍ່ອຍໄດ້ສູງ. ໜຶ່ງ Bitcoin ສາມາດແບ່ງເປັນ 100 ລ້ານໜ່ວຍຍ່ອຍທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ Satoshis, ເຊິ່ງອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ສົ່ງ ຫຼື ຮັບຈຳນວນນ້ອຍໄດ້.

ຄວາມສາມາດໃນການທົດແທນກັນ: ໜຶ່ງ Bitcoin ທຽບເທົ່າກັບໜຶ່ງ Bitcoin ໃນມູນຄ່າ, ໂດຍທົ່ວໄປ. ໃນຂະນະທີ່ເງິນໂດລາແບບດັ້ງເດີມອາດສາມາດຖືກຕິດຕາມ, ແຊ່ແຂງ, ຫຼື ຍຶດໄດ້, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນຮູບແບບດິຈິຕອນ ຫຼື ຖ້າຖືກພິຈາລະນາວ່າໜ້າສົງໄສ, ແຕ່ລະໜ່ວຍຂອງ Bitcoin ໂດຍທົ່ວໄປຖືກປະຕິບັດຢ່າງເທົ່າທຽມກັນ.

ການພິສູດຢັ້ງຢືນ: ທຸກການເຮັດທຸລະກຳ Bitcoin ຖືກບັນທຶກໄວ້ໃນ blockchain, ເຊິ່ງທຸກຄົນສາມາດເບິ່ງ ແລະ ພິສູດຢັ້ງຢືນ. ຂະບວນການພິສູດຢັ້ງຢືນທີ່ກະຈາຍນີ້, ດຳເນີນໂດຍເຄືອຂ່າຍ, ໝາຍຄວາມວ່າທ່ານບໍ່ຈຳເປັນຕ້ອງເຊື່ອຖືທະນາຄານ ຫຼື ສະຖາບັນໃດໜຶ່ງແບບມືດບອດເພື່ອຢືນຢັນຄວາມຖືກຕ້ອງຂອງເງິນຂອງທ່ານ.

ການຕ້ານການກວດກາ: ເນື່ອງຈາກບໍ່ມີລັດຖະບານ, ບໍລິສັດ, ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນໃດຄວບຄຸມເຄືອຂ່າຍ Bitcoin, ບໍ່ມີໃຜສາມາດຂັດຂວາງທ່ານຈາກການສົ່ງ ຫຼື ຮັບ Bitcoin, ແຊ່ແຂງເງິນຂອງທ່ານ, ຫຼື ຍຶດມັນ. ມັນເປັນລະບົບທີ່ບໍ່ຕ້ອງຂໍອະນຸຍາດ, ເຊິ່ງໃຫ້ຜູ້ໃຊ້ຄວບຄຸມເຕັມທີ່ຕໍ່ເງິນຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ.

ການກະຈາຍອຳນາດ: Bitcoin ຖືກຮັກສາໂດຍເຄືອຂ່າຍກະຈາຍຂອງບັນດາຜູ້ຂຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ພະລັງງານການຄິດໄລ່ເພື່ອຢັ້ງຢືນການເຮັດທຸລະກຳຜ່ານ "proof of work". ລະບົບທີ່ກະຈາຍນີ້ຮັບປະກັນວ່າບໍ່ມີຈຸດໃດຈຸດໜຶ່ງທີ່ຈະລົ້ມເຫຼວ ຫຼື ຄວບຄຸມ. ທ່ານບໍ່ໄດ້ເພິ່ງພາຂະບວນການທີ່ບໍ່ໂປ່ງໃສຂອງທະນາຄານກາງ; ລະບົບທັງໝົດໂປ່ງໃສຢູ່ໃນ blockchain. ສິ່ງນີ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ບຸກຄົນມີອຳນາດທີ່ຈະເປັນທະນາຄານຂອງຕົນເອງແທ້ ແລະ ຮັບຜິດຊອບຕໍ່ການເງິນຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ.

@ 7bdef7be:784a5805

We value sovereignty, privacy and security when accessing online content, using several tools to achieve this, like open protocols, open OSes, open software products, Tor and VPNs.

The problem

Talking about our social presence, we can manually build up our follower list (social graph), pick a Nostr client that is respectful of our preferences on what to show and how, but with the standard following mechanism, our main feed is public, so everyone can actually snoop what we are interested in, and what is supposable that we read daily.

The solution

Nostr has a simple solution for this necessity: encrypted lists. Lists are what they appear, a collection of people or interests (but they can also group much other stuff, see NIP-51). So we can create lists with contacts that we don't have in our main social graph; these lists can be used primarily to create dedicated feeds, but they could have other uses, for example, related to monitoring. The interesting thing about lists is that they can also be encrypted, so unlike the basic following list, which is always public, we can hide the lists' content from others. The implications are obvious: we can not only have a more organized way to browse content, but it is also really private one.

One might wonder what use can really be made of private lists; here are some examples:

• Browse “can't miss” content from users I consider a priority;
• Supervise competitors or adversarial parts;
• Monitor sensible topics (tags);
• Following someone without being publicly associated with them, as this may be undesirable;

The benefits in terms of privacy as usual are not only related to the casual, or programmatic, observer, but are also evident when we think of how many bots scan our actions to profile us.

The current state

Unfortunately, lists are not widely supported by Nostr clients, and encrypted support is a rarity. Often the excuse to not implement them is that they are harder to develop, since they require managing the encryption stuff (NIP-44). Nevertheless, developers have an easier option to start offering private lists: give the user the possibility to simply mark them as local-only, and never push them to the relays. Even if the user misses the sync feature, this is sufficient to create a private environment.

To date, as far as I know, the best client with list management is Gossip, which permits to manage both encrypted and local-only lists.

Beg your Nostr client to implement private lists!

@ 1c19eb1a:e22fb0bc

What is #Nostrversity? It's where you can come to learn about all the great tools, clients, and amazing technology that is being built on #Nostr, for Nostr, or utilized by Nostr, presented in an approachable and non-technical format. If you have ever wondered what Blossom, bunker signing, or Nostr Wallet Connect are, how they work, and how you can put them to work to improve your Nostr experience, this is the place you can read about them without needing a computer-science degree ahead of time.

Between writing full-length reviews, which take a fair amount of time to research, test, and draft, I will post shorter articles with the Nostrversity hashtag to provide a Nostr-native resource to help the community understand and utilize the tools our illustrious developers are building. These articles will be much shorter, and more digestible than my full-length reviews. They will also cover some things that may not be quite ready for prime-time, whereas my reviews will continue to focus on Nostr apps that are production-ready.

Keep an eye out, because Nostr Wallet Connect will be the first topic of study. Take your seats, get out your notepads, and follow along to discover how Nostr Wallet Connect is improving Lightning infrastructure. Hint: It's not just for zaps.

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Tutorial feito por nostr:nostr:npub1rc56x0ek0dd303eph523g3chm0wmrs5wdk6vs0ehd0m5fn8t7y4sqra3tk poste original abaixo:

Parte 1 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/263585/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-1

Parte 2 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/index.php/263586/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-2

Quando o assunto é privacidade em celulares, uma das medidas comumente mencionadas é a remoção de bloatwares do dispositivo, também chamado de debloat. O meio mais eficiente para isso sem dúvidas é a troca de sistema operacional. Custom Rom’s como LineageOS, GrapheneOS, Iodé, CalyxOS, etc, já são bastante enxutos nesse quesito, principalmente quanto não é instalado os G-Apps com o sistema. No entanto, essa prática pode acabar resultando em problemas indesejados como a perca de funções do dispositivo, e até mesmo incompatibilidade com apps bancários, tornando este método mais atrativo para quem possui mais de um dispositivo e separando um apenas para privacidade.   Pensando nisso, pessoas que possuem apenas um único dispositivo móvel, que são necessitadas desses apps ou funções, mas, ao mesmo tempo, tem essa visão em prol da privacidade, buscam por um meio-termo entre manter a Stock rom, e não ter seus dados coletados por esses bloatwares. Felizmente, a remoção de bloatwares é possível e pode ser realizada via root, ou mais da maneira que este artigo irá tratar, via adb.

O que são bloatwares?

Bloatware é a junção das palavras bloat (inchar) + software (programa), ou seja, um bloatware é basicamente um programa inútil ou facilmente substituível — colocado em seu dispositivo previamente pela fabricante e operadora — que está no seu dispositivo apenas ocupando espaço de armazenamento, consumindo memória RAM e pior, coletando seus dados e enviando para servidores externos, além de serem mais pontos de vulnerabilidades.

O que é o adb?

O Android Debug Brigde, ou apenas adb, é uma ferramenta que se utiliza das permissões de usuário shell e permite o envio de comandos vindo de um computador para um dispositivo Android exigindo apenas que a depuração USB esteja ativa, mas também pode ser usada diretamente no celular a partir do Android 11, com o uso do Termux e a depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi). A ferramenta funciona normalmente em dispositivos sem root, e também funciona caso o celular esteja em Recovery Mode.

Requisitos:

Para computadores:

• Depuração USB ativa no celular; • Computador com adb; • Cabo USB;

Para celulares:

• Depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi) ativa no celular; • Termux; • Android 11 ou superior;

Para ambos:

• Firewall NetGuard instalado e configurado no celular; • Lista de bloatwares para seu dispositivo;

Ativação de depuração:

Para ativar a Depuração USB em seu dispositivo, pesquise como ativar as opções de desenvolvedor de seu dispositivo, e lá ative a depuração. No caso da depuração sem fio, sua ativação irá ser necessária apenas no momento que for conectar o dispositivo ao Termux.

Instalação e configuração do NetGuard

O NetGuard pode ser instalado através da própria Google Play Store, mas de preferência instale pela F-Droid ou Github para evitar telemetria.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/packages/eu.faircode.netguard/

Github: https://github.com/M66B/NetGuard/releases

Após instalado, configure da seguinte maneira:

Configurações → padrões (lista branca/negra) → ative as 3 primeiras opções (bloquear wifi, bloquear dados móveis e aplicar regras ‘quando tela estiver ligada’);

Configurações → opções avançadas → ative as duas primeiras (administrar aplicativos do sistema e registrar acesso a internet);

Com isso, todos os apps estarão sendo bloqueados de acessar a internet, seja por wifi ou dados móveis, e na página principal do app basta permitir o acesso a rede para os apps que você vai usar (se necessário). Permita que o app rode em segundo plano sem restrição da otimização de bateria, assim quando o celular ligar, ele já estará ativo.

Lista de bloatwares

Nem todos os bloatwares são genéricos, haverá bloatwares diferentes conforme a marca, modelo, versão do Android, e até mesmo região.

Para obter uma lista de bloatwares de seu dispositivo, caso seu aparelho já possua um tempo de existência, você encontrará listas prontas facilmente apenas pesquisando por elas. Supondo que temos um Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus em mãos, basta pesquisar em seu motor de busca por:

Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus bloatware list

Provavelmente essas listas já terão inclusas todos os bloatwares das mais diversas regiões, lhe poupando o trabalho de buscar por alguma lista mais específica.

Caso seu aparelho seja muito recente, e/ou não encontre uma lista pronta de bloatwares, devo dizer que você acaba de pegar em merda, pois é chato para um caralho pesquisar por cada aplicação para saber sua função, se é essencial para o sistema ou se é facilmente substituível.

De antemão já aviso, que mais para frente, caso vossa gostosura remova um desses aplicativos que era essencial para o sistema sem saber, vai acabar resultando na perda de alguma função importante, ou pior, ao reiniciar o aparelho o sistema pode estar quebrado, lhe obrigando a seguir com uma formatação, e repetir todo o processo novamente.

Download do adb em computadores

Para usar a ferramenta do adb em computadores, basta baixar o pacote chamado SDK platform-tools, disponível através deste link: https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools. Por ele, você consegue o download para Windows, Mac e Linux.

Uma vez baixado, basta extrair o arquivo zipado, contendo dentro dele uma pasta chamada platform-tools que basta ser aberta no terminal para se usar o adb.

Download do adb em celulares com Termux.

Para usar a ferramenta do adb diretamente no celular, antes temos que baixar o app Termux, que é um emulador de terminal linux, e já possui o adb em seu repositório. Você encontra o app na Google Play Store, mas novamente recomendo baixar pela F-Droid ou diretamente no Github do projeto.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.termux/

Github: https://github.com/termux/termux-app/releases

Processo de debloat

Antes de iniciarmos, é importante deixar claro que não é para você sair removendo todos os bloatwares de cara sem mais nem menos, afinal alguns deles precisam antes ser substituídos, podem ser essenciais para você para alguma atividade ou função, ou até mesmo são insubstituíveis.

Alguns exemplos de bloatwares que a substituição é necessária antes da remoção, é o Launcher, afinal, é a interface gráfica do sistema, e o teclado, que sem ele só é possível digitar com teclado externo. O Launcher e teclado podem ser substituídos por quaisquer outros, minha recomendação pessoal é por aqueles que respeitam sua privacidade, como Pie Launcher e Simple Laucher, enquanto o teclado pelo OpenBoard e FlorisBoard, todos open-source e disponíveis da F-Droid.

Identifique entre a lista de bloatwares, quais você gosta, precisa ou prefere não substituir, de maneira alguma você é obrigado a remover todos os bloatwares possíveis, modifique seu sistema a seu bel-prazer. O NetGuard lista todos os apps do celular com o nome do pacote, com isso você pode filtrar bem qual deles não remover.

Um exemplo claro de bloatware insubstituível e, portanto, não pode ser removido, é o com.android.mtp, um protocolo onde sua função é auxiliar a comunicação do dispositivo com um computador via USB, mas por algum motivo, tem acesso a rede e se comunica frequentemente com servidores externos. Para esses casos, e melhor solução mesmo é bloquear o acesso a rede desses bloatwares com o NetGuard.

MTP tentando comunicação com servidores externos:

Executando o adb shell

No computador

Faça backup de todos os seus arquivos importantes para algum armazenamento externo, e formate seu celular com o hard reset. Após a formatação, e a ativação da depuração USB, conecte seu aparelho e o pc com o auxílio de um cabo USB. Muito provavelmente seu dispositivo irá apenas começar a carregar, por isso permita a transferência de dados, para que o computador consiga se comunicar normalmente com o celular.

Já no pc, abra a pasta platform-tools dentro do terminal, e execute o seguinte comando:

./adb start-server

O resultado deve ser:

daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037 daemon started successfully

E caso não apareça nada, execute:

./adb kill-server

E inicie novamente.

Com o adb conectado ao celular, execute:

./adb shell

Para poder executar comandos diretamente para o dispositivo. No meu caso, meu celular é um Redmi Note 8 Pro, codinome Begonia.

Logo o resultado deve ser:

begonia:/ $

Caso ocorra algum erro do tipo:

adb: device unauthorized. This adb server’s $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS is not set Try ‘adb kill-server’ if that seems wrong. Otherwise check for a confirmation dialog on your device.

Verifique no celular se apareceu alguma confirmação para autorizar a depuração USB, caso sim, autorize e tente novamente. Caso não apareça nada, execute o kill-server e repita o processo.

No celular

Após realizar o mesmo processo de backup e hard reset citado anteriormente, instale o Termux e, com ele iniciado, execute o comando:

pkg install android-tools

Quando surgir a mensagem “Do you want to continue? [Y/n]”, basta dar enter novamente que já aceita e finaliza a instalação

Agora, vá até as opções de desenvolvedor, e ative a depuração sem fio. Dentro das opções da depuração sem fio, terá uma opção de emparelhamento do dispositivo com um código, que irá informar para você um código em emparelhamento, com um endereço IP e porta, que será usado para a conexão com o Termux.

Para facilitar o processo, recomendo que abra tanto as configurações quanto o Termux ao mesmo tempo, e divida a tela com os dois app’s, como da maneira a seguir:

Para parear o Termux com o dispositivo, não é necessário digitar o ip informado, basta trocar por “localhost”, já a porta e o código de emparelhamento, deve ser digitado exatamente como informado. Execute:

adb pair localhost:porta CódigoDeEmparelhamento

De acordo com a imagem mostrada anteriormente, o comando ficaria “adb pair localhost:41255 757495”.

Com o dispositivo emparelhado com o Termux, agora basta conectar para conseguir executar os comandos, para isso execute:

adb connect localhost:porta

Obs: a porta que você deve informar neste comando não é a mesma informada com o código de emparelhamento, e sim a informada na tela principal da depuração sem fio.

Pronto! Termux e adb conectado com sucesso ao dispositivo, agora basta executar normalmente o adb shell:

adb shell

Remoção na prática Com o adb shell executado, você está pronto para remover os bloatwares. No meu caso, irei mostrar apenas a remoção de um app (Google Maps), já que o comando é o mesmo para qualquer outro, mudando apenas o nome do pacote.

Dentro do NetGuard, verificando as informações do Google Maps:

Podemos ver que mesmo fora de uso, e com a localização do dispositivo desativado, o app está tentando loucamente se comunicar com servidores externos, e informar sabe-se lá que peste. Mas sem novidades até aqui, o mais importante é que podemos ver que o nome do pacote do Google Maps é com.google.android.apps.maps, e para o remover do celular, basta executar:

pm uninstall –user 0 com.google.android.apps.maps

E pronto, bloatware removido! Agora basta repetir o processo para o resto dos bloatwares, trocando apenas o nome do pacote.

Para acelerar o processo, você pode já criar uma lista do bloco de notas com os comandos, e quando colar no terminal, irá executar um atrás do outro.

Exemplo de lista:

Caso a donzela tenha removido alguma coisa sem querer, também é possível recuperar o pacote com o comando:

cmd package install-existing nome.do.pacote

Pós-debloat

Após limpar o máximo possível o seu sistema, reinicie o aparelho, caso entre no como recovery e não seja possível dar reboot, significa que você removeu algum app “essencial” para o sistema, e terá que formatar o aparelho e repetir toda a remoção novamente, desta vez removendo poucos bloatwares de uma vez, e reiniciando o aparelho até descobrir qual deles não pode ser removido. Sim, dá trabalho… quem mandou querer privacidade?

Caso o aparelho reinicie normalmente após a remoção, parabéns, agora basta usar seu celular como bem entender! Mantenha o NetGuard sempre executando e os bloatwares que não foram possíveis remover não irão se comunicar com servidores externos, passe a usar apps open source da F-Droid e instale outros apps através da Aurora Store ao invés da Google Play Store.

Referências: Caso você seja um Australopithecus e tenha achado este guia difícil, eis uma videoaula (3:14:40) do Anderson do canal Ciberdef, realizando todo o processo: http://odysee.com/@zai:5/Como-remover-at%C3%A9-200-APLICATIVOS-que-colocam-a-sua-PRIVACIDADE-E-SEGURAN%C3%87A-em-risco.:4?lid=6d50f40314eee7e2f218536d9e5d300290931d23

Pdf’s do Anderson citados na videoaula: créditos ao anon6837264 http://eternalcbrzpicytj4zyguygpmkjlkddxob7tptlr25cdipe5svyqoqd.onion/file/3863a834d29285d397b73a4af6fb1bbe67c888d72d30/t-05e63192d02ffd.pdf

Processo de instalação do Termux e adb no celular: https://youtu.be/APolZrPHSms

@ fd06f542:8d6d54cd

有时候写点日志，可以 记录一点琐碎的事情。

! 也许这就是 这就是 这个blog存在的原因吧。

如何将docsify 变成一个渲染blog的 工具

我用了很多办法，但是关键点还是这个 方法。 无须配置 window.$docsify ={} ```js $: if (blogItem) {

    compiledContent = window.__current_docsify_compiler__.compile(blogItem.content);

}

```

直接用内容的 功能转换。

但是渲染的时候要注意： html <article class="markdown-section" id="main"> {@html compiledContent} </article>

内容要加上这个外框，这个问题我调试了一天在知道...原来是少了他，导致缺少很多东西。

如何上传背景图片？

• 一定要点击 封面图区域的空白处， 让 编辑框失去焦点。
• 再 把鼠标放在 虚线封面图区域，就可以ctrl+v 粘贴截图了。

其他使用事项，我想起来再写吧。

@ c066aac5:6a41a034

I’m drawn to extremities in art. The louder, the bolder, the more outrageous, the better. Bold art takes me out of the mundane into a whole new world where anything and everything is possible. Having grown up in the safety of the suburban midwest, I was a bit of a rebellious soul in search of the satiation that only came from the consumption of the outrageous. My inclination to find bold art draws me to NOSTR, because I believe NOSTR can be the place where the next generation of artistic pioneers go to express themselves. I also believe that as much as we are able, were should invite them to come create here.

My Background: A Small Side Story

My father was a professional gamer in the 80s, back when there was no money or glory in the avocation. He did get a bit of spotlight though after the fact: in the mid 2000’s there were a few parties making documentaries about that era of gaming as well as current arcade events (namely 2007’sChasing GhostsandThe King of Kong: A Fistful of Quarters). As a result of these documentaries, there was a revival in the arcade gaming scene. My family attended events related to the documentaries or arcade gaming and I became exposed to a lot of things I wouldn’t have been able to find. The producer ofThe King of Kong: A Fistful of Quarters had previously made a documentary calledNew York Dollwhich was centered around the life of bassist Arthur Kane. My 12 year old mind was blown: The New York Dolls were a glam-punk sensation dressed in drag. The music was from another planet. Johnny Thunders’ guitar playing was like Chuck Berry with more distortion and less filter. Later on I got to meet the Galaga record holder at the time, Phil Day, in Ottumwa Iowa. Phil is an Australian man of high intellect and good taste. He exposed me to great creators such as Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds, Shakespeare, Lou Reed, artists who created things that I had previously found inconceivable.

I believe this time period informed my current tastes and interests, but regrettably I think it also put coals on the fire of rebellion within. I stopped taking my parents and siblings seriously, the Christian faith of my family (which I now hold dearly to) seemed like a mundane sham, and I felt I couldn’t fit in with most people because of my avant-garde tastes. So I write this with the caveat that there should be a way to encourage these tastes in children without letting them walk down the wrong path. There is nothing inherently wrong with bold art, but I’d advise parents to carefully find ways to cultivate their children’s tastes without completely shutting them down and pushing them away as a result. My parents were very loving and patient during this time; I thank God for that.

With that out of the way, lets dive in to some bold artists:

Nicolas Cage: Actor

There is an excellent video by Wisecrack on Nicolas Cage that explains him better than I will, which I will linkhere. Nicolas Cage rejects the idea that good acting is tied to mere realism; all of his larger than life acting decisions are deliberate choices. When that clicked for me, I immediately realized the man is a genius. He borrows from Kabuki and German Expressionism, art forms that rely on exaggeration to get the message across. He has even created his own acting style, which he calls Nouveau Shamanic. He augments his imagination to go from acting to being. Rather than using the old hat of method acting, he transports himself to a new world mentally. The projects he chooses to partake in are based on his own interests or what he considers would be a challenge (making a bad script good for example). Thus it doesn’t matter how the end result comes out; he has already achieved his goal as an artist. Because of this and because certain directors don’t know how to use his talents, he has a noticeable amount of duds in his filmography. Dig around the duds, you’ll find some pure gold. I’d personally recommend the filmsPig, Joe, Renfield, and his Christmas film The Family Man.

Nick Cave: Songwriter

What a wild career this man has had! From the apocalyptic mayhem of his band The Birthday Party to the pensive atmosphere of his albumGhosteen, it seems like Nick Cave has tried everything. I think his secret sauce is that he’s always working. He maintains an excellent newsletter calledThe Red Hand Files, he has written screenplays such asLawless, he has written books, he has made great film scores such asThe Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford, the man is religiously prolific. I believe that one of the reasons he is prolific is that he’s not afraid to experiment. If he has an idea, he follows it through to completion. From the albumMurder Ballads(which is comprised of what the title suggests) to his rejected sequel toGladiator(Gladiator: Christ Killer), he doesn’t seem to be afraid to take anything on. This has led to some over the top works as well as some deeply personal works. Albums likeSkeleton TreeandGhosteenwere journeys through the grief of his son’s death. The Boatman’s Callis arguably a better break-up album than anything Taylor Swift has put out. He’s not afraid to be outrageous, he’s not afraid to offend, but most importantly he’s not afraid to be himself. Works I’d recommend include The Birthday Party’sLive 1981-82, Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds’The Boatman’s Call, and the filmLawless.

Jim Jarmusch: Director

I consider Jim’s films to be bold almost in an ironic sense: his works are bold in that they are, for the most part, anti-sensational. He has a rule that if his screenplays are criticized for a lack of action, he makes them even less eventful. Even with sensational settings his films feel very close to reality, and they demonstrate the beauty of everyday life. That's what is bold about his art to me: making the sensational grounded in reality while making everyday reality all the more special. Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai is about a modern-day African-American hitman who strictly follows the rules of the ancient Samurai, yet one can resonate with the humanity of a seemingly absurd character. Only Lovers Left Aliveis a vampire love story, but in the middle of a vampire romance one can see their their own relationships in a new deeply human light. Jim’s work reminds me that art reflects life, and that there is sacred beauty in seemingly mundane everyday life. I personally recommend his filmsPaterson,Down by Law, andCoffee and Cigarettes.

NOSTR: We Need Bold Art

NOSTR is in my opinion a path to a better future. In a world creeping slowly towards everything apps, I hope that the protocol where the individual owns their data wins over everything else. I love freedom and sovereignty. If NOSTR is going to win the race of everything apps, we need more than Bitcoin content. We need more than shirtless bros paying for bananas in foreign countries and exercising with girls who have seductive accents. Common people cannot see themselves in such a world. NOSTR needs to catch the attention of everyday people. I don’t believe that this can be accomplished merely by introducing more broadly relevant content; people are searching for content that speaks to them. I believe that NOSTR can and should attract artists of all kinds because NOSTR is one of the few places on the internet where artists can express themselves fearlessly. Getting zaps from NOSTR’s value-for-value ecosystem has far less friction than crowdfunding a creative project or pitching investors that will irreversibly modify an artist’s vision. Having a place where one can post their works without fear of censorship should be extremely enticing. Having a place where one can connect with fellow humans directly as opposed to a sea of bots should seem like the obvious solution. If NOSTR can become a safe haven for artists to express themselves and spread their work, I believe that everyday people will follow. The banker whose stressful job weighs on them will suddenly find joy with an original meme made by a great visual comedian. The programmer for a healthcare company who is drowning in hopeless mundanity could suddenly find a new lust for life by hearing the song of a musician who isn’t afraid to crowdfund their their next project by putting their lighting address on the streets of the internet. The excel guru who loves independent film may find that NOSTR is the best way to support non corporate movies. My closing statement: continue to encourage the artists in your life as I’m sure you have been, but while you’re at it give them the purple pill. You may very well be a part of building a better future.

@ 9a859fbc:8a9270f3

A story of art and inspiration

This image was generated by AI

That is...

I am artificial. I was created by two other humans (hi mum and dad 👋)

I am intelligent. I can perceive the world, experience it, learn to understand cause & effect, and make decisions.

To go perhaps deeper, cells, DNA and life itself are artifices of the fabric of reality.

I sat, in a pub in Bristol, a place where I rarely frequent. I sat with one housemate, who I rarely spent time with. I met his friends that day, only once, never we met again.

I got chatting with a lady there. I had some paper and pencils with me. My intention, for a couple of weeks, was to come up with a symbol to represent Deep Sea Frequencies, at that time still known as Psychedelic Jelly. We were a new collaboration.

She and I got chatting about art. About symbolic representation of concepts, feelings, ideas. We chatted about flow, about how there are different types of flow, different elemental conditions of flow. I doodled some shapes, and we noticed how fire, water and air all look similar due to their fluid natures. So we considered how to differentiate, distinguish them from one another.

I doodled some more, and we came up with swooshes, curls, crests and bubbles. These seemed to be distinguishing enough such that they were no longer reminiscent of fire or air. I doodled fire and air too, just in case, just to check.

Then we chatted about symmetry types, reflective, axes, rotational. About geometry, geometric containers. We both enjoy triangles and hexagons. (It's always hexagons!)

I doodled some more shapes and put them in hexagonal shapes. Then I tried bending them into triangular forms instead, and overlaid two triangles.

Each triangle looked like a triskelion. Perfect.

Overlaid, they looked just like the flow of water, coming up, spiralling down.

---

The logo was born in this moment, in this serendipitous meeting, in this unlikely chat with a total stranger. We met for the first time that day, and I'm not sure if we ever met again. This interaction was, is, precious, and it led to a particular creation that is now a core part of my life and is a highlight for many people around the UK and the world, as we put on events and released musicians' music.

This is inspiration. This is expression. This is flow, through the fluid nature of the cosmos.

This is what you miss out on when you talk into your AI LLM black hole prompt.

This is what you steal from when you demand your AI LLM to generate you something according to your whim.

Art and expression is the very foundation of human community. Join in! Try new things! Learn from each other! Bring us all closer together by interacting and creating through shared ideas, shared visions, shared wisdom!

---

After that, I drew it up cleanly, geometrically.

I photographed it like scanning it, carefully aligning the camera because I didn't have a scanner.

I redrew it more than twice.

I digitised it, colourised it, split it into two layers so I could apply colour & lighting effects to it.

I painstakingly traced the photograph into a vector format, to enlarge it and use it for various media.

I even more painstakingly (do we have a more extreme adverb??) divided all the vector shapes into new objects so that the layers became "real". And cleaned up the vector nodes, shaping them to my imagination.

The vector form is used all over our record label & events branding.

And then I imported the vector form into Blender, a 3D rendering application, free and open source.

I learnt Blender, day by day developing my understanding and my skills. Day by day my GPU crashing on raytracing and cutting the laptop's power out!

And finally, I learnt to make some simple renders that look like being underwater, like surreal glassy objects floating in the deep. I even learnt to animate it, although I haven't released that into the wild.

I imagined all of this stuff, and then I spent months over years developing my skills in my spare time in order to bring these imaginations to life.

You can do the same.

You have to sacrifice things.

Sacrifice your time.

Sacrifice your energy.

Sacrifice your distractions and enter yourself into the learning process and the creative process.

---

To you, amazing lady who helped me draw this symbol from the fabric of the Realm of Forms, thank you! I'm sorry that I don't recall your name, although actually I think I do remember but I would be embarrassed if I tagged the wrong person. Please reach out if you recognise this story! It was about 7, maybe 8 years ago, in the painted pub in St. Werburgh's.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Capitalism is the most effective system for scaling innovation. The pursuit of profit is an incredibly powerful human incentive. Most major improvements to human society and quality of life have resulted from this base incentive. Market competition often results in the best outcomes for all.

That said, some projects can never be monetized. They are open in nature and a business model would centralize control. Open protocols like bitcoin and nostr are not owned by anyone and if they were it would destroy the key value propositions they provide. No single entity can or should control their use. Anyone can build on them without permission.

As a result, open protocols must depend on donation based grant funding from the people and organizations that rely on them. This model works but it is slow and uncertain, a grind where sustainability is never fully reached but rather constantly sought. As someone who has been incredibly active in the open source grant funding space, I do not think people truly appreciate how difficult it is to raise charitable money and deploy it efficiently.

Projects that can be monetized should be. Profitability is a super power. When a business can generate revenue, it taps into a self sustaining cycle. Profit fuels growth and development while providing projects independence and agency. This flywheel effect is why companies like Google, Amazon, and Apple have scaled to global dominance. The profit incentive aligns human effort with efficiency. Businesses must innovate, cut waste, and deliver value to survive.

Contrast this with non monetized projects. Without profit, they lean on external support, which can dry up or shift with donor priorities. A profit driven model, on the other hand, is inherently leaner and more adaptable. It is not charity but survival. When survival is tied to delivering what people want, scale follows naturally.

The real magic happens when profitable, sustainable businesses are built on top of open protocols and software. Consider the many startups building on open source software stacks, such as Start9, Mempool, and Primal, offering premium services on top of the open source software they build out and maintain. Think of companies like Block or Strike, which leverage bitcoin’s open protocol to offer their services on top. These businesses amplify the open software and protocols they build on, driving adoption and improvement at a pace donations alone could never match.

When you combine open software and protocols with profit driven business the result are lean, sustainable companies that grow faster and serve more people than either could alone. Bitcoin’s network, for instance, benefits from businesses that profit off its existence, while nostr will expand as developers monetize apps built on the protocol.

Capitalism scales best because competition results in efficiency. Donation funded protocols and software lay the groundwork, while market driven businesses build on top. The profit incentive acts as a filter, ensuring resources flow to what works, while open systems keep the playing field accessible, empowering users and builders. Together, they create a flywheel of innovation, growth, and global benefit.

@ df478568:2a951e67

"It might make sense just to get some in case it catches on. If enough people think the same way, that becomes a self fulfilling prophecy. Once it gets bootstrapped, there are so many applications if you could effortlessly pay a few cents to a website as easily as dropping coins in a vending machine." --Satoshi Nakamoto The Cryptography Mailing List--January 17, 2009

Forgot to add the good part about micropayments. While I don't think Bitcoin is practical for smaller micropayments right now, it will eventually be as storage and bandwidth costs continue to fall. If Bitcoin catches on on a big scale, it may already be the case by that time. Another way they can become more practical is if I implement client-only mode and the number of network nodes consolidates into a smaller number of professional server farms. Whatever size micropayments you need will eventually be practical. I think in 5 or 10 years, the bandwidth and storage will seem trivial. --Satoshi Nakamoto Bitcoin Talk-- August 5, 2010

I very be coded some HTML buttons using Claude and uploaded it to https://github.com/GhostZaps/ It's just a button that links to zapper.fun.

I signed up for Substack to build an email address, but learned adding different payment options to Substack is against their terms and services. Since I write about nostr, these terms seem as silly as someone saying Craig Wright is Satoshi. It's easy to build an audience on Substack however, or so I thought. Why is it easier to build an audience on Subtack though? Because Substack is a platform that markets to writers. Anyone with a ~~pen~~ ~~keyboard~~ smartphone and an email can create an account with Substack. There's just one problem: You are an Internet serf, working the land for your Internet landlord--The Duke of Substack.

Then I saw that Shawn posted about Substack's UX.

I should have grabbed my reading glasses before pushing the post button, but it occurred to me that I could use Ghost to do this and there is probably a way to hack it to accept bitcoin payments over the lightning network and host it yourself. So I spun my noddle, doodled some plans...And then it hit me. Ghost allows for markdown and HTML. I learned HTML and CSS with free-code camp, but ain't nobody got time to type CSS so I vibe-coded a button that ~~baits~~ sends the clicker to my zapper.fun page. This can be used on any blog that allows you to paste html into it so I added it to my Ghost blog self-hosted on a Start 9. The blog is on TOR at http://p66dxywd2xpyyrdfxwilqcxmchmfw2ixmn2vm74q3atf22du7qmkihyd.onion/, but most people around me have been conditioned to fear the dark web so I used the cloudflared to host my newsletter on the clear net at https://marc26z.com/

Integrating Nostr Into My Self-Hosted Ghost Newsletter

I would venture to say I am more technical than the average person and I know HTML, but my CSS is fuzzy. I also know how to print("Hello world!") in python, but I an NPC beyond the basics. Nevertheless, I found that I know enough to make a button. I can't code well enough to create my own nostr long-form client and create plugins for ghost that send lightning payments to lighting channel, but I know enough about nostr to know that I don't need to. That's why nostr is so F@#%-ing cool! It's all connected. ** - One button takes you to zapper.fun where you can zap anywhere between 1 and ,000,000 sats.** - Another button sends you to a zap planner pre-set to send 5,000 sats to the author per month using nostr. - Yet another button sends you to a zap planner preset to send 2,500 sats per month.

The possibilities are endless. I entered a link that takes the clicker to my Shopstr Merch Store. The point is to write as self-sovereign as possible. I might need to change my lightning address when stuff breaks every now and then, but I like the idea of busking for sats by writing on the Internet using the Value 4 Value model. I dislike ads, but I also want people to buy stuff from people I do business with because I want to promote using bitcoin as peer-to-peer electronic cash, not NGU porn. I'm not prude. I enjoy looking at the price displayed on my BlockClock micro every now and then, but I am not an NGU porn addict.

This line made this pattern, that line made this pattern. All that Bolinger Bart Simpson bullshit has nothing to with bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. It is the musings of a population trapped in the fiat mind-set. Bitcoin is permissionless so I realized I was bieng a hipocryte by using a permissioned payment system becaue it was easier than writing a little vibe code. I don't need permission to write for sats. I don't need to give my bank account number to Substack. I don't need to pay a 10$ vig to publish on a a platform which is not designed for stacking sats. I can write on Ghost and integrate clients that already exist in the multi-nostr-verse.

Nostr Payment Buttons

The buttons can be fouund at https://github.com/Marc26z/GhostZapButton

You can use them yourself. Just replace my npub with your npub or add any other link you want. It doesn't technically need to be a nostr link. It can be anything. I have a link to another Ghost article with other buttons that lead down different sat pledging amounts. It's early. Everyone who spends bitcoin is on nostr and nostr is small, but growing community. I want to be part of this community. I want to find other writers on nostr and stay away from Substack.

Support By Pledging 5,000 Sats Per Month

Here's what it looks like on Ghost: https://marc26z.com/zaps-on-ghost/

npub1marc26z8nh3xkj5rcx7ufkatvx6ueqhp5vfw9v5teq26z254renshtf3g0

@ f10512df:c9293bb3

Details

• 🍳 Cook time: 5-7 minutes
• 🍽️ Servings: 1

Ingredients

• 2 eggs
• Shredded cheese (Sharp cheddar is a favorite)
• 1 Tbsp olive oil or ghee

Directions

1. Add oil to a non-stick pan and allow it to get hot (med-high heat)
2. Add eggs and additional toppings, scramble and wait for the edges to get brown.
3. Add shredded cheese while edges are browning. It is best if cheese begins to melt before flipping.
4. Flip, and make sure all cheese stayed down, and there is enough oil left in the pan.
5. Keep checking until pan side of eggs lift easily. Done correctly, the cheese will form a crisp layer.
6. When fully cooked, serve with cheese right side up and enjoy!

@ a8d1560d:3fec7a08

Based on the Free Speech Flag generator at https://crocojim18.github.io/, but now you can encode binary data as well.

https://free-speech-flag-generator--wholewish91244492.on.websim.ai/

Please also see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Speech_Flag for more information about the Free Speech Flag.

Who can tell me what I encoded in the flag used for this longform post?

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

SISTEMA OPERACIONAL MÓVEIS

GrapheneOS : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs8t76evdgrg4qegdtyrq2rved63pr29wlqyj627n9tj4vlu66tqpqpzdmhxue69uhk7enxvd5xz6tw9ec82c30qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqppcqec9

CalyxOS : https://njump.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

LineageOS : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsgw7sr36gaty48cf4snw0ezg5mg4atzhqayuge752esd469p26qfgpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59e6hg7r09ehkuef0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpnvm779

SISTEMA OPERACIONAL DESKTOP

Tails : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf09ztvuu60g6xprazv2vxqqy5qlxjs4dkc9d36ta48q75cs9le4qpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ex2mrfw3jhxtn0wfnj7q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz34ag5t

Qubes OS : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsp6jujgwl68uvurw0cw3hfhr40xq20sj7rl3z4yzwnhp9sdpa7augpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsz9mhwden5te0wfjkccte9ehx7um5wghxyctwvshsz9thwden5te0dehhxarj9ehhsarj9ejx2a30qyg8wumn8ghj7mn09eehgu3wvdez7qg4waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t09uqjxamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3dwejhy6txd9jkgtnhv4kxcmmjv3jhytnwv46z7qgwwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkctcpremhxue69uhkummnw3ez6er9wch8wetvd3hhyer9wghxuet59uj3ljr8

Kali linux : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswlav72xdvamuyp9xc38c6t7070l3n2uxu67ssmal2g7gv35nmvhspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqswt9rxe

Whonix : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs85gvejvzhk086lwh6edma7fv07p5c3wnwnxnzthwwntg2x6773egpydmhxue69uhkummnw3ez6an9wf5kv6t9vsh8wetvd3hhyer9wghxuet59uq3qamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wd4hk6tcpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnrdqhxu6twdfsj7qfywaehxw309ahx7um5wgh8ymm4dej8ymmrdd3xjarrda5kuetjwvhxxmmd9uq3wamnwvaz7tmzw33ju6mvv4hxgct6w5hxxmmd9uq3qamnwvaz7tmwduh8xarj9e3hytcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtcpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhszrnhwden5te0dehhxtnvdakz7qg7waehxw309ahx7um5wgkkgetk9emk2mrvdaexgetj9ehx2ap0sen9p6

Kodachi : https://njump.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

PGP

Openkeychain : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9qtjgsulp76t7jkquf8nk8txs2ftsr0qke6mjmsc2svtwfvswzyqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs36mp0w

Kleopatra : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspnevn932hdggvp4zam6mfyce0hmnxsp9wp8htpumq9vm3anq6etsppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpuaeghp

Pgp : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsggek707qf3rzttextmgqhym6d4g479jdnlnj78j96y0ut0x9nemcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgptemhe

Como funciona o PGP? : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz9r7azc8pkvfmkg2hv0nufaexjtnvga0yl85x9hu7ptpg20gxxpspremhxue69uhkummnw3ez6ur4vgh8wetvd3hhyer9wghxuet59upzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqy259fhs

Por que eu escrevi PGP. - Philip Zimmermann.

https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvysn94gm8prxn3jw04r0xwc6sngkskg756z48jsyrmqssvxtm7ncpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtchzxnad

VPN

Vpn : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs27ltgsr6mh4ffpseexz6s37355df3zsur709d0s89u2nugpcygsspzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqshzu2fk

InviZible Pro : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvyevf2vld23a3xrpvarc72ndpcmfvc3lc45jej0j5kcsg36jq53cpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfdupzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqy33y5l4

Orbot: https://njump.me/nevent1qqsxswkyt6pe34egxp9w70cy83h40ururj6m9sxjdmfass4cjm4495stft593

I2P

i2p : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvnj8n983r4knwjmnkfyum242q4c0cnd338l4z8p0m6xsmx89mxkslx0pgg

Entendendo e usando a rede I2P : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsxchp5ycpatjf5s4ag25jkawmw6kkf64vl43vnprxdcwrpnms9qkcppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpvht4mn

Criando e acessando sua conta Email na I2P : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9v9dz897kh8e5lfar0dl7ljltf2fpdathsn3dkdsq7wg4ksr8xfgpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpw8mzum

APLICATIVO 2FA

Aegis Authenticator : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsfttdwcn9equlrmtf9n6wee7lqntppzm03pzdcj4cdnxel3pz44zspz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzvuhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqscvtydq

YubiKey : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstsnn69y4sf4330n7039zxm7wza3ch7sn6plhzmd57w6j9jssavtspvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzueyvgt

GERENCIADOR DE SENHAS

KeepassDX: https://njump.me/nevent1qqswc850dr4ujvxnmpx75jauflf4arc93pqsty5pv8hxdm7lcw8ee8qpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpe0492n

Birwaden: https://njump.me/nevent1qqs0j5x9guk2v6xumhwqmftmcz736m9nm9wzacqwjarxmh8k4xdyzwgpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpwfe2kc

KeePassXC: https://njump.me/nevent1qqsgftcrd8eau7tzr2p9lecuaf7z8mx5jl9w2k66ae3lzkw5wqcy5pcl2achp

CHAT MENSAGEM

SimpleXchat : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsds5xselnnu0dyy0j49peuun72snxcgn3u55d2320n37rja9gk8lgzyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgmcmj7c

Briar : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs8rrtgvjr499hreugetrl7adkhsj2zextyfsukq5aa7wxthrgcqcg05n434

Element Messenger : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsq05snlqtxm5cpzkshlf8n5d5rj9383vjytkvqp5gta37hpuwt4mqyccee6

Pidgin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz7kngycyx7meckx53xk8ahk98jkh400usrvykh480xa4ct9zlx2c2ywvx3

E-MAIL

Thunderbird: https://njump.me/nevent1qqspq64gg0nw7t60zsvea5eykgrm43paz845e4jn74muw5qzdvve7uqrkwtjh

ProtonMail : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs908glhk68e7ms8zqtlsqd00wu3prnpt08dwre26hd6e5fhqdw99cppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpeyhg4z

Tutonota : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswtzh9zjxfey644qy4jsdh9465qcqd2wefx0jxa54gdckxjvkrrmqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumt0wd68ytnsw43qygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs5hzhkv

k-9 mail : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs200g5a603y7utjgjk320r3srurrc4r66nv93mcg0x9umrw52ku5gpr3mhxue69uhkummnw3ezuumhd9ehxtt9de5kwmtp9e3kstczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgacflak

E-MAIL-ALIÁS

Simplelogin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvhz5pxqpqzr2ptanqyqgsjr50v7u9lc083fvdnglhrv36rnceppcppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqp9gsr7m

AnonAddy : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9mcth70mkq2z25ws634qfn7vx2mlva3tkllayxergw0s7p8d3ggcpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs6mawe3

NAVEGADOR

Navegador Tor : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs06qfxy7wzqmk76l5d8vwyg6mvcye864xla5up52fy5sptcdy39lspzemhxue69uhkummnw3ezuerpw3sju6rpw4ej7q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzdp0urw

Mullvap Browser : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2vsgc3wk09wdspv2mezltgg7nfdg97g0a0m5cmvkvr4nrfxluzfcpzdmhxue69uhhwmm59e6hg7r09ehkuef0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpj8h6fe

LibreWolf : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswv05mlmkcuvwhe8x3u5f0kgwzug7n2ltm68fr3j06xy9qalxwq2cpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ex2mrfw3jhxtn0wfnj7q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzuv2hxr

Cromite : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2ut83arlu735xp8jf87w5m3vykl4lv5nwkhldkqwu3l86khzzy4cpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs3dplt7

BUSCADORES

Searx : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsxyzpvgzx00n50nrlgctmy497vkm2cm8dd5pdp7fmw6uh8xnxdmaspr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqp23z7ax

APP-STORE

Obtainium : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstd8kzc5w3t2v6dgf36z0qrruufzfgnc53rj88zcjgsagj5c5k4rgpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfdupzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqyarmca3

F-Droid : https://njump.me/nevent1qqst4kry49cc9g3g8s5gdnpgyk3gjte079jdnv43f0x4e85cjkxzjesymzuu4

Droid-ify : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsrr8yu9luq0gud902erdh8gw2lfunpe93uc2u6g8rh9ep7wt3v4sgpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsfzu9vk

Aurora Store : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsy69kcaf0zkcg0qnu90mtk46ly3p2jplgpzgk62wzspjqjft4fpjgpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzrpmsjy

RSS

Feeder : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsy29aeggpkmrc7t3c7y7ldgda7pszl7c8hh9zux80gjzrfvlhfhwqpp4mhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mqzyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgsvzzjy

VIDEOO CONFERENCIA

Jitsi meet : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswphw67hr6qmt2fpugcj77jrk7qkfdrszum7vw7n2cu6cx4r6sh4cgkderr

TECLADOS

HeliBoard : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsyqpc4d28rje03dcvshv4xserftahhpeylu2ez2jutdxwds4e8syspz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsr8mel5

OpenBoard : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf7zqkup03yysy67y43nj48q53sr6yym38es655fh9fp6nxpl7rqspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqswcvh3r

FlorisBoard : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf7zqkup03yysy67y43nj48q53sr6yym38es655fh9fp6nxpl7rqspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqswcvh3r

MAPAS

Osmand : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsxryp2ywj64az7n5p6jq5tn3tx5jv05te48dtmmt3lf94ydtgy4fgpzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs54nwpj

Organic maps : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstrecuuzkw0dyusxdq7cuwju0ftskl7anx978s5dyn4pnldrkckzqpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezumtp0p5k6ctrd96xzer9dshx7un8qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpl8z3kk

TRADUÇÃO

LibreTranslate : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs953g3rhf0m8jh59204uskzz56em9xdrjkelv4wnkr07huk20442cpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzeqsx40

REMOÇÃO DOS METADADOS

Scrambled Exif : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2658t702xv66p000y4mlhnvadmdxwzzfzcjkjf7kedrclr3ej7aspyfmhxue69uhk6atvw35hqmr90pjhytngw4eh5mmwv4nhjtnhdaexcep0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpguu0wh

ESTEGANOGRAFIA

PixelKnot: https://njump.me/nevent1qqsrh0yh9mg0lx86t5wcmhh97wm6n4v0radh6sd0554ugn354wqdj8gpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfdupzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqyuvfqdp

PERFIL DE TRABALHO

Shelter : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspv9xxkmfp40cxgjuyfsyczndzmpnl83e7gugm7480mp9zhv50wkqpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzdnu59c

PDF

MuPDF : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspn5lhe0dteys6npsrntmv2g470st8kh8p7hxxgmymqa95ejvxvfcpzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs4hvhvj

Librera Reader : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsg60flpuf00sash48fexvwxkly2j5z9wjvjrzt883t3eqng293f3cpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz39tt3n

QR-Code

Binary Eye : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz4n0uxxx3q5m0r42n9key3hchtwyp73hgh8l958rtmae5u2khgpgpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzdmn4wp

Climático

Breezy Weather : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9hjz5cz0y4am3kj33xn536uq85ydva775eqrml52mtnnpe898rzspzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgpd3tu8

ENCRYPTS

Cryptomator : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvchvnw779m20583llgg5nlu6ph5psewetlczfac5vgw83ydmfndspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsx7ppw9

VeraCrypt : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf6wzedsnrgq6hjk5c4jj66dxnplqwc4ygr46l8z3gfh38q2fdlwgm65ej3

EXTENSÕES

uBlock Origin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswaa666lcj2c4nhnea8u4agjtu4l8q89xjln0yrngj7ssh72ntwzql8ssdj

Snowflake : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs0ws74zlt8uced3p2vee9td8x7vln2mkacp8szdufvs2ed94ctnwchce008

CLOUD

Nextcloud : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2utg5z9htegdtrnllreuhypkk2026x8a0xdsmfczg9wdl8rgrcgg9nhgnm

NOTEPAD

Joplin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz2a0laecpelsznser3xd0jfa6ch2vpxtkx6vm6qg24e78xttpk0cpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpdu0hft

Standard Notes : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv3596kz3qung5v23cjc4cpq7rqxg08y36rmzgcrvw5whtme83y3s7tng6r

MÚSICA

RiMusic : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv3genqav2tfjllp86ust4umxm8tr2wd9kq8x7vrjq6ssp363mn0gpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqg42353n

ViMusic : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswx78559l4jsxsrygd8kj32sch4qu57stxq0z6twwl450vp39pdqqpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzjg863j

PODCAST

AntennaPod : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsp4nh7k4a6zymfwqqdlxuz8ua6kdhvgeeh3uxf2c9rtp9u3e9ku8qnr8lmy

VISUALIZAR VIDEO

VLC : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs0lz56wtlr2eye4ajs2gzn2r0dscw4y66wezhx0mue6dffth8zugcl9laky

YOUTUBE

NewPipe : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsdg06qpcjdnlvgm4xzqdap0dgjrkjewhmh4j3v4mxdl4rjh8768mgdw9uln

FreeTube : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz6y6z7ze5gs56s8seaws8v6m6j2zu0pxa955dhq3ythmexak38mcpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs5lkjvv

LibreTube : https://snort.social/e/nevent1qqstmd5m6wrdvn4gxf8xyhrwnlyaxmr89c9kjddvnvux6603f84t3fqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumt0wd68ytnsw43qygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsswwznc

COMPARTILHAMENTO DE ARQUIVOS

OnionShare : https://njump.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

Localsend : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsp8ldjhrxm09cvvcak20hrc0g8qju9f67pw7rxr2y3euyggw9284gpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzuyghqr

Wallet Bitcoin

Ashigaru Wallet : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstx9fz8kf24wgl26un8usxwsqjvuec9f8q392llmga75tw0kfarfcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgvfsrqp

Samourai Wallet : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstcvjmz39rmrnrv7t5cl6p3x7pzj6jsspyh4s4vcwd2lugmre04ecpr9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucn0denkymmwvuhxxmmd9upzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqy3rg4qs

CÂMERA

opencamera : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs25glp6dh0crrjutxrgdjlnx9gtqpjtrkg29hlf7382aeyjd77jlqpzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqssxcvgc

OFFICE

Collabora Office : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs8yn4ys6adpmeu3edmf580jhc3wluvlf823cc4ft4h0uqmfzdf99qpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsj40uss

TEXTOS

O manifesto de um Cypherpunk : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsd7hdlg6galn5mcuv3pm3ryfjxc4tkyph0cfqqe4du4dr4z8amqyspvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzal0efa

Operations security ( OPSEC) : https://snort.social/e/nevent1qqsp323havh3y9nxzd4qmm60hw87tm9gjns0mtzg8y309uf9mv85cqcpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz8ej9l7

O MANIFESTO CRIPTOANARQUISTA Timothy C. May – 1992. : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspp480wtyx2zhtwpu5gptrl8duv9rvq3mug85mp4d54qzywk3zq9gpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz5wq496

Declaração de independência do ciberespaço

• John Perry Barlow - 1996 : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2njsy44n6p07mhgt2tnragvchasv386nf20ua5wklxqpttf6mzuqpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsukg4hr

The Cyphernomicon: Criptografia, Dinheiro Digital e o Futuro da Privacidade. escrito por Timothy C. May -Publicado em 1994. :

Livro completo em PDF no Github PrivacyOpenSource.

https://github.com/Alexemidio/PrivacyOpenSource/raw/main/Livros/THE%20CYPHERNOMICON%20.pdf Share

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Bitcoin has always been rooted in freedom and resistance to authority. I get that many of you are conflicted about the US Government stacking but by design we cannot stop anyone from using bitcoin. Many have asked me for my thoughts on the matter, so let’s rip it.

Concern

One of the most glaring issues with the strategic bitcoin reserve is its foundation, built on stolen bitcoin. For those of us who value private property this is an obvious betrayal of our core principles. Rather than proof of work, the bitcoin that seeds this reserve has been taken by force. The US Government should return the bitcoin stolen from Bitfinex and the Silk Road.

Usually stolen bitcoin for the reserve creates a perverse incentive. If governments see a bitcoin as a valuable asset, they will ramp up efforts to confiscate more bitcoin. The precedent is a major concern, and I stand strongly against it, but it should be also noted that governments were already seizing coin before the reserve so this is not really a change in policy.

Ideally all seized bitcoin should be burned, by law. This would align incentives properly and make it less likely for the government to actively increase coin seizures. Due to the truly scarce properties of bitcoin, all burned bitcoin helps existing holders through increased purchasing power regardless. This change would be unlikely but those of us in policy circles should push for it regardless. It would be best case scenario for American bitcoiners and would create a strong foundation for the next century of American leadership.

Optimism

The entire point of bitcoin is that we can spend or save it without permission. That said, it is a massive benefit to not have one of the strongest governments in human history actively trying to ruin our lives.

Since the beginning, bitcoiners have faced horrible regulatory trends. KYC, surveillance, and legal cases have made using bitcoin and building bitcoin businesses incredibly difficult. It is incredibly important to note that over the past year that trend has reversed for the first time in a decade. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a key driver of this shift. By holding bitcoin, the strongest government in the world has signaled that it is not just a fringe technology but rather truly valuable, legitimate, and worth stacking.

This alignment of incentives changes everything. The US Government stacking proves bitcoin’s worth. The resulting purchasing power appreciation helps all of us who are holding coin and as bitcoin succeeds our government receives direct benefit. A beautiful positive feedback loop.

Realism

We are trending in the right direction. A strategic bitcoin reserve is a sign that the state sees bitcoin as an asset worth embracing rather than destroying. That said, there is a lot of work left to be done. We cannot be lulled into complacency, the time to push forward is now, and we cannot take our foot off the gas. We have a seat at the table for the first time ever. Let's make it worth it.

We must protect the right to free usage of bitcoin and other digital technologies. Freedom in the digital age must be taken and defended, through both technical and political avenues. Multiple privacy focused developers are facing long jail sentences for building tools that protect our freedom. These cases are not just legal battles. They are attacks on the soul of bitcoin. We need to rally behind them, fight for their freedom, and ensure the ethos of bitcoin survives this new era of government interest. The strategic reserve is a step in the right direction, but it is up to us to hold the line and shape the future.

@ 1c19eb1a:e22fb0bc

After my first major review of Primal on Android, we're going to go a very different direction for this next review. Primal is your standard "Twitter clone" type of kind 1 note client, now branching into long-form. They also have a team of developers working on making it one of the best clients to fill that use-case. By contrast, this review will not be focusing on any client at all. Not even an "other stuff" client.

Instead, we will be reviewing a very useful tool created and maintained by nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 called #Amber. For those unfamiliar with Amber, it is an #Android application dedicated to managing your signing keys, and allowing you to log into various #Nostr applications without having to paste in your private key, better known as your #nsec. It is not recommended to paste your nsec into various applications because they each represent another means by which it could be compromised, and anyone who has your nsec can post as you. On Nostr, your #npub is your identity, and your signature using your private key is considered absolute proof that any given note, reaction, follow update, or profile change was authorized by the rightful owner of that identity.

It happens less often these days, but early on, when the only way to try out a new client was by inputting your nsec, users had their nsec compromised from time to time, or they would suspect that their key may have been compromised. When this occurs, there is no way to recover your account, or set a new private key, deprecating the previous one. The only thing you can do is start over from scratch, letting everyone know that your key has been compromised and to follow you on your new npub.

If you use Amber to log into other Nostr apps, you significantly reduce the likelihood that your private key will be compromised, because only one application has access to it, and all other applications reach out to Amber to sign any events. This isn't quite as secure as storing your private key on a separate device that isn't connected to the internet whatsoever, like many of us have grown accustomed to with securing our #Bitcoin, but then again, an online persona isn't nearly as important to secure for most of us as our entire life savings.

Amber is the first application of its kind for managing your Nostr keys on a mobile device. nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 didn't merely develop the application, but literally created the specification for accomplishing external signing on Android which can be found in NIP-55. Unfortunately, Amber is only available for Android. A signer application for iOS is in the works from nostr:npub1yaul8k059377u9lsu67de7y637w4jtgeuwcmh5n7788l6xnlnrgs3tvjmf, but is not ready for use at this time. There is also a new mobile signer app for Android and iOS called Nowser, but I have not yet had a chance to try this app out. From a cursory look at the Android version, it is indeed in the very early stages of development and cannot be compared with Amber.

This review of Amber is current as of version 3.2.5.

Overall Impression

Score: 4.7 / 5 (Updated 4/21/2025)

I cannot speak highly enough about Amber as a tool that every Nostr user on Android should start using if they are not already. When the day comes that we have more options for well-developed signer apps on mobile, my opinion may very well change, but until then Amber is what we have available to us. Even so, it is an incredibly well thought-out and reliable tool for securing your nsec.

Despite being the only well-established Android signer available for Android, Amber can be compared with other external signing methods available on other platforms. Even with more competition in this arena, though, Amber still holds up incredibly well. If you are signing into web applications on a desktop, I still would recommend using a browser extension like #Alby or #Nos2x, as the experience is usually faster, more seamless, and far more web apps support this signing method (NIP-07) than currently support the two methods employed by Amber. Nevertheless that gap is definitely narrowing.

A running list I created of applications that support login and signing with Amber can be found here: Nostr Clients with External Signer Support

I have run into relatively few bugs in my extensive use of Amber for all of my mobile signing needs. Occasionally the application crashes when trying to send it a signing request from a couple of applications, but I would not be surprised if this is no fault of Amber at all, and rather the fault of those specific apps, since it works flawlessly with the vast majority of apps that support either NIP-55 or NIP-46 login.

I also believe that mobile is the ideal platform to use for this type of application. First, because most people use Nostr clients on their phone more than on a desktop. There are, of course, exceptions to that, but in general we spend more time on our phones when interacting online. New users are also more likely to be introduced to Nostr by a friend having them download a Nostr client on their phone than on a PC, and that can be a prime opportunity to introduce the new user to protecting their private key. Finally, I agree with the following assessment from nostr:npub1jlrs53pkdfjnts29kveljul2sm0actt6n8dxrrzqcersttvcuv3qdjynqn.

nostr:nevent1qqsw0r6gzn05xg67h5q2xkplwsuzedjxw9lf7ntrxjl8ajm350fcyugprfmhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68yurvv438xtnrdaksyg9hyaxj3clfswlhyrd5kjsj5v04clhjvgeq6pwztmysfzdvn93gev7awu9v

The one downside to Amber is that it will be quite foreign for new users. That is partially unavoidable with Nostr, since folks are not accustomed to public/private key cryptography in general, let alone using a private key to log into websites or social media apps. However, the initial signup process is a bit cumbersome if Amber is being used as the means of initially generating a key pair. I think some of this could be foregone at start-up in favor of streamlining onboarding, and then encourage the user to back-up their private key at a later time.

Features

Amber has some features that may surprise you, outside of just storing your private key and signing requests from your favorite Nostr clients. It is a full key management application, supporting multiple accounts, various backup methods, and even the ability to authorize other users to access a Nostr profile you control.

Android Signing

This is the signing method where Amber really shines in both speed and ease of use. Any Android application that supports this standard, and even some progressive web-apps that can be installed to your Android's home-screen, can very quickly and seamlessly connect with Amber to authorize anything that you need signed with your nsec. All you have to do is select "Login with Amber" in clients like #Amethyst or #0xChat and the app will reach out to Amber for all signing requests from there on out. If you had previously signed into the app with your nsec, you will first need to log out, then choose the option to use Amber when you log back in.

This is a massive deal, because everything you do on Nostr requires a signature from your private key. Log in? Needs a signature. Post a "GM" note? Needs a signature. Follow someone who zapped your note? Needs a signature. Zap them back? You guessed it; needs a signature. When you paste your private key into an application, it will automatically sign a lot of these actions without you ever being asked for approval, but you will quickly realize just how many things the client is doing on your behalf when Amber is asking you to approve them each time.

Now, this can also get quite annoying after a while. I recommend using the setting that allows Amber to automatically sign for basic functions, which will cut down on some of the authorization spam. Once you have been asked to authorize the same type of action a few times, you can also toggle the option to automatically authorize that action in the future. Don't worry, though, you have full control to require Amber to ask you for permission again if you want to be alerted each time, and this toggle is specific to each application, so it's not a blanket approval for all Nostr clients you connect with.

This method of signing is just as fast as signing via browser extension on web clients, which users may be more accustomed to. Everything is happening locally on the device, so it can be very snappy and secure.

Nostr Connect/Bunker Signing

This next method of signing has a bit of a delay, because it is using a Nostr relay to send encrypted information back and forth between the app the user is interacting with and Amber to obtain signatures remotely. It isn't a significant delay most of the time, but it is just enough to be noticeable.

Also, unlike the previous signing method that would automatically switch to Amber as the active application when a signing request is sent, this method only sends you a notification that you must be watching for. This can lead to situations where you are wondering why something isn't working in a client you signed into remotely, because it is waiting on you to authorize the action and you didn't notice the notification from Amber. As you use the application, you get used to the need to check for such authorization requests from time to time, or when something isn't working as expected.

By default, Amber will use relay.nsec.app to communicate with whichever Nostr app you are connecting to. You can set a different relay for this purpose, if you like, though not just any relay will support the event kinds that Amber uses for remote signing. You can even run your own relay just for your own signing purposes. In fact, the creator of Amber has a relay application you can run on your phone, called Citrine, that can be used for signing with any web app you are using locally on your phone. This is definitely more of an advanced option, but it is there for you if you want it. For most users, sticking with relay.nsec.app will be just fine, especially since the contents of the events sent back and forth for signing are all encrypted.

Something many users may not realize is that this remote signing feature allows for issuing signing permissions to team members. For instance, if anyone ever joined me in writing reviews, I could issue them a connection string from Amber, and limit their permissions to just posting long-form draft events. Anything else they tried to do would require my explicit approval each time. Moreover, I could revoke those permissions if I ever felt they were being abused, without the need to start over with a whole new npub. Of course, this requires that your phone is online whenever a team member is trying to sign using the connection string you issued, and it requires you pay attention to your notifications so you can approve or reject requests you have not set to auto-approve. However, this is probably only useful for small teams, and larger businesses will want to find a more robust solution for managing access to their npub, such as Keycast from nostr:npub1zuuajd7u3sx8xu92yav9jwxpr839cs0kc3q6t56vd5u9q033xmhsk6c2uc.

The method for establishing a connection between Amber and a Nostr app for remote signing can vary for each app. Most, at minimum, will support obtaining a connection string from Amber that starts with "bunker://" and pasting it in at the time of login. Then you just need to approve the connection request from Amber and the client will log you in and send any subsequent signing requests to Amber using the same connection string.

Some clients will also offer the option to scan a QR code to connect the client to Amber. This is quite convenient, but just remember that this also means the client is setting which relay will be used for communication between the two. Clients with this option will also have a connection string you can copy and paste into Amber to achieve the same purpose. For instance, you may need this option if you are trying to connect to an app on your phone and therefore can't scan the QR code using Amber on the same phone.

Multiple Accounts

Amber does not lock you into using it with only a single set of keys. You can add all of your Nostr "accounts" to Amber and use it for signing events for each independently. Of course, Nostr doesn't actually have "accounts" in the traditional sense. Your identity is simply your key-pair, and Amber stores and accesses each private key as needed.

When first signing in using native Android signing as described above, Amber will default to whichever account was most recently selected, but you can switch to the account that is needed before approving the request. After initial login, Amber will automatically detect the account that the signing request is for.

Key Backup & Restore

Amber allows multiple ways to back up your private key. As most users would expect, you can get your standard nsec and copy/paste it to a password manager, but you can also obtain your private key as a list of mnemonic seed words, an encrypted version of your key called an ncryptsec, or even a QR code of your nsec or ncryptsec.

Additionally, in order to gain access to this information, Amber requires you to enter your device's PIN or use biometric authentication. This isn't cold-storage level protection for your private key by any means, especially since your phone is an internet connected device and does not store your key within a secure element, but it is about as secure as you can ask for while having your key accessible for signing Nostr events.

Tor Support

While Amber does not have Tor support within the app itself, it does support connecting to Tor through Orbot. This would be used with remote signing so that Amber would not connect directly over clearnet to the relay used for communication with the Nostr app requesting the signature. Instead, Amber would connect through Tor, so the relay would not see your IP address. This means you can utilize the remote signing option without compromising your anonymity.

Additional Security

Amber allows the user the option to require either biometric or PIN authentication before approving signing requests. This can provide that extra bit of assurance that no one will be able to sign events using your private key if they happen to gain access to your phone. The PIN you set in Amber is also independent from the PIN to unlock your device, allowing for separation of access.

Can My Grandma Use It?

Score: 4.6 / 5 (Updated 4/21/2025)

At the end of the day, Amber is a tool for those who have some concept of the importance of protecting their private key by not pasting it into every Nostr client that comes along. This concept in itself is not terribly approachable to an average person. They are used to just plugging their password into every service they use, and even worse, they usually have the same password for everything so they can more readily remember it. The idea that they should never enter their "Nostr password" into any Nostr application would never occur to them unless someone first explained how cryptography works related to public/private key pairs.

That said, I think there can be some improvements made to how users are introduced to these concepts, and that a signer application like Amber might be ideal for the job. Considering Amber as a new user's first touch-point with Nostr, I think it holds up well, but could be somewhat streamlined.

Upon opening the app, the user is prompted to either use their existing private key or "Create a new Nostr account." This is straightforward enough. "Account" is not a technically correct term with Nostr, but it is a term that new users would be familiar with and understand the basic concept.

The next screen announces that the account is ready, and presents the user with their public key, explaining that it is "a sort of username" that will allow others to find them on Nostr. While it is good to explain this to the user, it is unnecessary information at this point. This screen also prompts the user to set a nickname and set a password to encrypt their private key. Since the backup options also allow the user to set this password, I think this step could be pushed to a later time. This screen would better serve the new user if it simply prompted them to set a nickname and short bio that could be saved to a few default relays.

Of course, Amber is currently prompting for a password to be set up-front because the next screen requires the new user to download a "backup kit" in order to continue. While I do believe it is a good idea to encourage the creation of a backup, it is not crucial to do so immediately upon creation of a new npub that has nothing at stake if the private key is lost. This is something the UI could remind the user to do at a later time, reducing the friction of profile creation, and expediting getting them into the action.

Outside of these minor onboarding friction points, I think Amber does a great job of explaining to the user the purpose of each of its features, all within the app and without any need to reference external documentation. As long as the user understands the basic concept that their private key is being stored by Amber in order to sign requests from other Nostr apps, so they don't have to be given the private key, Amber is very good about explaining the rest without getting too far into the technical weeds.

The most glaring usability issue with Amber is that it isn't available in the Play Store. Average users expect to be able to find applications they can trust in their mobile device's default app store. There is a valid argument to be made that they are incorrect in this assumption, but that doesn't change the fact that this is the assumption most people make. They believe that applications in the Play Store are "safe" and that anything they can't install through the Play Store is suspect. The prompts that the Android operating system requires the user to approve when installing "unknown apps" certainly doesn't help with this impression.

Now, I absolutely love the Zapstore from nostr:npub1wf4pufsucer5va8g9p0rj5dnhvfeh6d8w0g6eayaep5dhps6rsgs43dgh9, but it doesn't do much to alleviate this issue. Users will still need to be convinced that it is safe to install the Zapstore from the GitHub repo, and then install Amber from there. Furthermore, this adds yet another step to the onboarding process.

Instead of:

• Install Amber
• Set up your keys
• Install the client you want to use
• Log in with Amber

The process becomes:

• Go to the Zapstore GitHub and download the latest version from the releases page.
• Install the APK you downloaded, allowing any prompt to install unknown apps.
• Open Zapstore and install Amber, allowing any prompt to install unknown apps again.
• Open Amber and set up your keys.
• Install the client you want to use
• Log in with Amber

An application as important as Amber for protecting users' private keys should be as readily available to the new user as possible. New users are the ones most prone to making mistakes that could compromise their private keys. Amber should be available to them in the Play Store.

UPDATE: As of version 3.2.8 released on 4/21/2025, the onboarding flow for Amber has been greatly improved! Now, when selecting to set up a new "account" the user is informed on the very next screen, "Your Nostr account is ready!" and given their public key/npub. The only field the user must fill in is their "nickname"/display name and hit "Continue."

From there the user is asked if they want Amber to automatically approve basic actions, or manually approve each app, and then they are shown a new Applications screen, with a prompt to create a backup of their account. This prompt persists until the user has done so.

As you can see, the user is also encouraged to find applications that can be used with Amber with links to nostrapps.com and the Zapstore.

Thanks to these updates, Amber is now the smoothest and most user-friendly onboarding experience I have seen for Nostr to date. Sure, it doesn't have anything for setting up a profile picture or lightning address, but that is better done in a client like Amethyst or YakiHonne, anyway. Just tap "create," type in a handle to call yourself, and you're done!

How do UI Look?

Score: 4.5 / 5

Amber's UI can be described as clean but utilitarian. But then, Amber is a tool, so this is somewhat expected. It is not an app you will be spending a lot of time in, so the UI just needs to be serviceable. I would say it accomplishes this and then some. UI elements are generally easy to understand what they do, and page headings fill in the gaps where that is not the case.

I am not the biggest fan of the color-scheme, particularly in light-mode, but it is not bad in dark-mode at all, and Amber follows whatever theme you have set for your device in that respect. Additionally, the color choice does make sense given the application's name.

It must also be taken into consideration that Amber is almost entirely the product of a single developer's work. He has done a great job producing an app that is not only useful, but pleasant to interact with. The same cannot be said for most utility apps I have previously used, with interfaces that clearly made good design the lowest priority. While Amber's UI may not be the most beautiful Nostr app I have seen, design was clearly not an afterthought, either, and it is appreciated.

Relay Management

Score: 4.9 / 5

Even though Amber is not a Nostr client, where users can browse notes from their favorite npubs, it still relies heavily on relays for some of its features. Primarily, it uses relays for communicating with other Nostr apps for remote signing requests. However, it also uses relays to fetch profile data, so that each private key you add to Amber will automatically load your chosen username and profile picture.

In the relay settings, users can choose which relays are being used to fetch profile data, and which relays will be used by default when creating new remote signing connection strings.

The user can also see which relays are currently connected to Amber and even look at the information that has been passed back and forth on each of those active relays. This information about actively connected relays is not only available within the application, but also in the notification that Amber has to keep in your device's notification tray in order to continue to operate in the background while you are using other apps.

Optionality is the name of the game when it comes to how Amber handles relay selection. The user can just stick with the default signing relay, use their own relay as the default, or even use a different relay for each Nostr application that they connect to for remote signing. Amber gives the user an incredible amount of flexibility in this regard.

In addition to all of this, because not all relays accept the event types needed for remote signing, when you add a relay address to Amber, it automatically tests that relay to see if it will work. This alone can be a massive time saver, so users aren't trying to use relays that don't support remote signing and wondering why they can't log into noStrudel with the connection string they got from Amber.

The only way I could see relay management being improved would be some means of giving the user relay recommendations, in case they want to use a relay other than relay.nsec.app, but they aren't sure which other relays will accept remote signing events. That said, most users who want to use a different relay for signing remote events will likely be using their own, in which case recommendations aren't needed.

Current Users' Questions

The AskNostr hashtag can be a good indication of the pain points that other users are currently having with any Nostr application. Here are some of the most common questions submitted about Amber in the last two months.

nostr:nevent1qqsfrdr68fafgcvl8dgnhm9hxpsjxuks78afxhu8yewhtyf3d7mkg9gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgq3qkgh77xxt7hhtt4u528hecnx69rhagla8jj3tclgyf9wvkxa6dc0sxp0e6m

This is a good example of Amber working correctly, but the app the user is trying to log into not working. In my experience with #Olas in particular, it sometimes allows remote signer login, and sometimes doesn't. Amber will receive the signing request and I will approve it, but Olas remains on the login screen.

If Amber is receiving the signing requests, and you are approving them, the fault is likely with the application you are trying to log into.

That's it. That's all the repeated questions I could find. Oh, there were a few one-off questions where relay.nsec.app wouldn't connect, or where the user's out-of-date web browser was the issue. Outside of that, though, there were no common questions about how to use Amber, and that is a testament to Amber's ease of use all on its own.

Wrap Up

If you are on Android and you are not already using Amber to protect your nsec, please do yourself a favor and get it installed. It's not at all complicated to set up, and it will make trying out all the latest Nostr clients a safe and pleasant experience.

If you are a client developer and you have not added support for NIP-55 or NIP-46, do your users the courtesy of respecting the sanctity of their private keys. Even developers who have no intention of compromising their users' keys can inadvertently do so. Make that eventuality impossible by adding support for NIP-55 and NIP-46 signing.

Finally, I apologize for the extended time it took me to get this review finished. The time I have available is scarce, Nostr is distracting, and nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 kept improving Amber even as I was putting it through its paces over the last two months. Keep shipping, my friend! You have made one of the most useful tools we have seen for Nostr to date!

Now... What should I review next?

@ d08c9312:73efcc9f

https://youtu.be/qK7ffYzxiiQ

Resolvr was recently featured in The Institutes RiskStream Collaborative's educational video series on insurance digitization and cross-border payments. With over a century of history educating insurance professionals, The Institutes has established itself as the premier knowledge resource in risk management and insurance. And its RiskStream Collaborative non-profit serves as the industry's largest enterprise-level technology consortium focused on streamlining insurance processes through innovative solutions.

Resolvr's co-founders, Aaron Daniel and Dave Schwab, were joined by industry experts Lizzy Eisenberg from Lightspark and Austin Cornell from Zero Hash to discuss how Bitcoin and the Lightning Network are transforming global insurance payments operations.

Watch the video to learn how Resolvr is leveraging these real-time digital settlement networks to solve significant inefficiencies in today's insurance payment ecosystem - from the months-long settlement times that trap billions in value, to the manual reconciliation processes costing the industry nearly £1 billion annually at Lloyd's of London alone.

We're grateful to RiskStream Collaborative for showcasing these transformative technologies and emphasizing the importance of combining specialized insurance-native interfaces with powerful payment infrastructure to solve industry-specific challenges.

For more information about how Resolvr can help your organization streamline premium processing and payments, contact us today.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

One of the most common criticisms leveled against nostr is the perceived lack of assurance when it comes to data storage. Critics argue that without a centralized authority guaranteeing that all data is preserved, important information will be lost. They also claim that running a relay will become prohibitively expensive. While there is truth to these concerns, they miss the mark. The genius of nostr lies in its flexibility, resilience, and the way it harnesses human incentives to ensure data availability in practice.

A nostr relay is simply a server that holds cryptographically verifiable signed data and makes it available to others. Relays are simple, flexible, open, and require no permission to run. Critics are right that operating a relay attempting to store all nostr data will be costly. What they miss is that most will not run all encompassing archive relays. Nostr does not rely on massive archive relays. Instead, anyone can run a relay and choose to store whatever subset of data they want. This keeps costs low and operations flexible, making relay operation accessible to all sorts of individuals and entities with varying use cases.

Critics are correct that there is no ironclad guarantee that every piece of data will always be available. Unlike bitcoin where data permanence is baked into the system at a steep cost, nostr does not promise that every random note or meme will be preserved forever. That said, in practice, any data perceived as valuable by someone will likely be stored and distributed by multiple entities. If something matters to someone, they will keep a signed copy.

Nostr is the Streisand Effect in protocol form. The Streisand effect is when an attempt to suppress information backfires, causing it to spread even further. With nostr, anyone can broadcast signed data, anyone can store it, and anyone can distribute it. Try to censor something important? Good luck. The moment it catches attention, it will be stored on relays across the globe, copied, and shared by those who find it worth keeping. Data deemed important will be replicated across servers by individuals acting in their own interest.

Nostr’s distributed nature ensures that the system does not rely on a single point of failure or a corporate overlord. Instead, it leans on the collective will of its users. The result is a network where costs stay manageable, participation is open to all, and valuable verifiable data is stored and distributed forever.

@ 1beecee5:d29d2162

@ a39d19ec:3d88f61e

Die Debatte um Migration, Grenzsicherung und Abschiebungen wird in Deutschland meist emotional geführt. Wer fordert, dass illegale Einwanderer abgeschoben werden, sieht sich nicht selten dem Vorwurf des Rassismus ausgesetzt. Doch dieser Vorwurf ist nicht nur sachlich unbegründet, sondern verkehrt die Realität ins Gegenteil: Tatsächlich sind es gerade diejenigen, die hinter jeder Forderung nach Rechtssicherheit eine rassistische Motivation vermuten, die selbst in erster Linie nach Hautfarbe, Herkunft oder Nationalität urteilen.

Das Recht steht über Emotionen

Deutschland ist ein Rechtsstaat. Das bedeutet, dass Regeln nicht nach Bauchgefühl oder politischer Stimmungslage ausgelegt werden können, sondern auf klaren gesetzlichen Grundlagen beruhen müssen. Einer dieser Grundsätze ist in Artikel 16a des Grundgesetzes verankert. Dort heißt es:

„Auf Absatz 1 [Asylrecht] kann sich nicht berufen, wer aus einem Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Gemeinschaften oder aus einem anderen Drittstaat einreist, in dem die Anwendung des Abkommens über die Rechtsstellung der Flüchtlinge und der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention sichergestellt ist.“

Das bedeutet, dass jeder, der über sichere Drittstaaten nach Deutschland einreist, keinen Anspruch auf Asyl hat. Wer dennoch bleibt, hält sich illegal im Land auf und unterliegt den geltenden Regelungen zur Rückführung. Die Forderung nach Abschiebungen ist daher nichts anderes als die Forderung nach der Einhaltung von Recht und Gesetz.

Die Umkehrung des Rassismusbegriffs

Wer einerseits behauptet, dass das deutsche Asyl- und Aufenthaltsrecht strikt durchgesetzt werden soll, und andererseits nicht nach Herkunft oder Hautfarbe unterscheidet, handelt wertneutral. Diejenigen jedoch, die in einer solchen Forderung nach Rechtsstaatlichkeit einen rassistischen Unterton sehen, projizieren ihre eigenen Denkmuster auf andere: Sie unterstellen, dass die Debatte ausschließlich entlang ethnischer, rassistischer oder nationaler Kriterien geführt wird – und genau das ist eine rassistische Denkweise.

Jemand, der illegale Einwanderung kritisiert, tut dies nicht, weil ihn die Herkunft der Menschen interessiert, sondern weil er den Rechtsstaat respektiert. Hingegen erkennt jemand, der hinter dieser Kritik Rassismus wittert, offenbar in erster Linie die „Rasse“ oder Herkunft der betreffenden Personen und reduziert sie darauf.

Finanzielle Belastung statt ideologischer Debatte

Neben der rechtlichen gibt es auch eine ökonomische Komponente. Der deutsche Wohlfahrtsstaat basiert auf einem Solidarprinzip: Die Bürger zahlen in das System ein, um sich gegenseitig in schwierigen Zeiten zu unterstützen. Dieser Wohlstand wurde über Generationen hinweg von denjenigen erarbeitet, die hier seit langem leben. Die Priorität liegt daher darauf, die vorhandenen Mittel zuerst unter denjenigen zu verteilen, die durch Steuern, Sozialabgaben und Arbeit zum Erhalt dieses Systems beitragen – nicht unter denen, die sich durch illegale Einreise und fehlende wirtschaftliche Eigenleistung in das System begeben.

Das ist keine ideologische Frage, sondern eine rein wirtschaftliche Abwägung. Ein Sozialsystem kann nur dann nachhaltig funktionieren, wenn es nicht unbegrenzt belastet wird. Würde Deutschland keine klaren Regeln zur Einwanderung und Abschiebung haben, würde dies unweigerlich zur Überlastung des Sozialstaates führen – mit negativen Konsequenzen für alle.

Sozialpatriotismus

Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist der Schutz der Arbeitsleistung jener Generationen, die Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mühsam wieder aufgebaut haben. Während oft betont wird, dass die Deutschen moralisch kein Erbe aus der Zeit vor 1945 beanspruchen dürfen – außer der Verantwortung für den Holocaust –, ist es umso bedeutsamer, das neue Erbe nach 1945 zu respektieren, das auf Fleiß, Disziplin und harter Arbeit beruht. Der Wiederaufbau war eine kollektive Leistung deutscher Menschen, deren Früchte nicht bedenkenlos verteilt werden dürfen, sondern vorrangig denjenigen zugutekommen sollten, die dieses Fundament mitgeschaffen oder es über Generationen mitgetragen haben.

Rechtstaatlichkeit ist nicht verhandelbar

Wer sich für eine konsequente Abschiebepraxis ausspricht, tut dies nicht aus rassistischen Motiven, sondern aus Respekt vor der Rechtsstaatlichkeit und den wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen des Landes. Der Vorwurf des Rassismus in diesem Kontext ist daher nicht nur falsch, sondern entlarvt eine selektive Wahrnehmung nach rassistischen Merkmalen bei denjenigen, die ihn erheben.

@ 33baa074:3bb3a297

Soil water potential refers to the potential energy of water in the soil, which is the driving force for the movement and distribution of water in the soil. It reflects the activity and energy level of soil water, and has a direct impact on plant water absorption and soil water retention capacity. Changes in soil water potential can reflect the effectiveness of soil water, which in turn affects plant growth and the effectiveness of soil nutrients. The following are the specific effects of soil water potential on soil:

Effects on plant water absorption Soil water potential directly affects the water absorption process of plants. Increases in osmotic potential and matrix potential can promote plant water absorption, while increases in gravity potential and pressure potential can hinder plant water absorption. For example, when soil water potential is high, the ability of water to move from high concentration to low concentration is enhanced, which is conducive to plant roots absorbing water.

Effects on soil water distribution Soil texture has a great influence on water permeability and water retention, thereby affecting soil water potential. Clay soils are more likely to form high water potential, while sandy soils are more likely to form low water potential. The amount of rainfall will also affect soil water potential. A lot of rainfall will increase the moisture in the soil, leading to an increase in soil water potential, while a lot of rainfall will reduce soil water potential.

Impact on soil temperature Soil water potential is also related to soil temperature. Soil temperature affects the evaporation and infiltration rate of water in the soil, thereby affecting soil water potential. In addition, the moisture content in the soil will also affect the heat capacity of the soil. Soil with high moisture content has the slowest heating and cooling rates.

Impact on soil fertility There is a close relationship between soil water potential and soil fertility. Appropriate soil water potential is conducive to soil microbial activity, nutrient conversion, and root absorption of water and nutrients. Changes in groundwater levels will also affect soil fertility. When the groundwater level rises, dissolved substances in the groundwater will enter the soil and increase soil fertility; on the contrary, when the groundwater level drops, the nutrients in the soil will decrease with the loss of groundwater.

Impact on soil structure Changes in soil water potential can affect soil structure. For example, the rise and fall of the groundwater level can cause particles in the soil to move and change the soil texture. Clay particles become more sticky under the action of water, and sandy soil may be lost due to water erosion. Therefore, measures need to be taken to strengthen soil conservation, such as covering with plants and building dams to reduce soil loss.

In summary, soil water potential has many effects on soil, including plant water absorption, soil moisture distribution, soil temperature, soil fertility, and soil structure. Understanding and managing soil water potential is of great significance to agricultural production, environmental protection, and ecological balance.

@ df478568:2a951e67

Testing

Untype.app

@ 1bc70a01:24f6a411

I've been meaning to dogfood my own vibe project for a while so this feels like a good opportunity to use Untype to publish this update and reflect on my vibe coding journey.

New Untype Update

As I write this, I found it a bit annoying dealing with one of the latest features, so I'll need to make some changes right after I'm done. Nonetheless, here are some exciting developments in the Untype article composer:

1. Added inline AI helper! Now you can highlight text and perform all sorts of things like fix grammar, re-write in different styles, and all sorts of other things. This is a bit annoying at the moment because it takes over the other editing functions and I need to fix the UX.

2. Added pushing articles to DMs! This option, when enabled, will send the article to all the subscribers via a NIP-44 DM. (No client has implemented the subscription method yet so technically it won’t work, until one does. I may add this to nrss.app) Also, I have not tested this so it could be broken… will test eventually!

3. Added word counts
4. Added ability to export as markdown, export as PDF, print.

The biggest flaw I have already discovered is how "I" implemented the highlight functionality. Right now when you highlight some text it automatically pops up the AI helper menu and this makes for an annoying time trying to make any changes to text. I wanted to change this to show a floating clickable icon instead, but for some reason the bot is having a difficult time updating the code to this desired UX.

Speaking of difficult times, it's probably a good idea to reflect a bit upon my vibe coding journey.

Vibe Coding Nostr Projects

First, I think it's important to add some context around my recent batch of nostr vibe projects. I am working on them mostly at night and occasionally on weekends in between park runs with kids, grocery shopping and just bumming around the house. People who see buggy code or less than desired UX should understand that I am not spending days coding this stuff. Some apps are literally as simple as typing one prompt!

That said, its pretty clear by now that one prompt cannot produce a highly polished product. This is why I decided to limit my number of project to a handful that I really wish existed, and slowly update them over time - fixing bugs, adding new features in hopes of making them the best tools - not only on nostr but the internet in general. As you can imagine this is not a small task, especially for sporadic vibe coding.

Fighting the bot

One of my biggest challenges so far besides having very limited time is getting the bot to do what I want it to do. I guess if you've done any vibe coding at all you're probably familiar with what I'm trying to say. You prompt one thing and get a hallucinated response, or worse, a complete mess out the other end that undoes most of the progress you've made. Once the initial thing is created, which barely took any time, now you're faced with making it work a certain way. This is where the challenges arise.

Here's a brief list of issues I've faced when vibe-coding with various tools:

1. Runaway expenses - tools like Cline tend to do a better job directly in VSCode, but they can also add up dramatically. Before leaning into v0 (which is where I do most of my vibe coding now), I would often melt through $10 credit purchases faster than I could get a decent feature out. It was not uncommon for me to spend $20-30 on a weekend just trying to debug a handful of issues. Naturally, I did not wish to pay these fees so I searched for alternatives.

2. File duplication - occasionally, seemingly out of nowhere, the bot will duplicate files by creating an entire new copy and attached "-fixed" to the file name. Clearly, I'm not asking for duplicate files, I just want it to fix the existing file, but it does happen and it's super annoying. Then you are left telling it which version to keep and which one to delete, and sometimes you have to be very precise or it'll delete the wrong thing and you have to roll back to a previous working version.

3. Code duplication - similar to file duplication, occasionally the bot will duplicate code and do things in the most unintuitive way imaginable. This often results in loops and crashes that can take many refreshes just to revert back to a working state, and many more prompts to avoid the duplication entirely - something a seasoned dev never has to deal with (or so I imagine).

4. Misinterpreting your request - occasionally the bot will do something you didn't ask for because it took your request quite literally. This tends to happen when I give it very specific prompts that are targeted at fixing one very specific thing. I've noticed the bots tend to do better with vague asks - hence a pretty good result on the initial prompt.

5. Doing things inefficiently, without considering smarter approaches - this one is the most painful of vibe coding issues. As a person who may not be familiar with some of the smarter ways of handling development, you rely on the bot to do the right thing. But, when the bot does something horribly inefficiently and you are non-the-wiser, it can be tough to diagnose the issue. I often fight myself asking the bot "is this really the best way to handle things? Can't we ... / shouldn't we .../ isn't this supposed to..." etc. I guess one of the nice side effects of this annoyance is being able to prompt better. I learn that I should ask the bot to reflect on its own code more often and seek ways to do things more simply.

A combination of the above, or total chaos - this is a category where all hell breaks loose and you're trying to put out one fire after another. Fix one bug, only to see 10 more pop up. Fix those, to see 10 more and so on. I guess this may sound like typical development, but the bot amplifies issues by acting totally irrationally. This is typically when I will revert to a previous save point and just undo everything, often losing a lot of progress.

Lessons Learned

If I had to give my earlier self some tips on how to be a smarter vibe coder, here's how I'd summarize them:

1. Fork often - in v0 I now fork for any new major feature I'd like to add (such as the AI assistant).

2. Use targeting tools - in v0 you can select elements and describe how you wish to edit them.

3. Refactor often - keeping the code more manageable speeds up the process. Since the bot will go through the entire file, even if it only makes one small change, it's best to keep the files small and refactoring achieves that.

I guess the biggest lesson someone might point out is just to stop vibe coding. It may be easier to learn proper development and do things right. For me it has been a spare time hobby (one that I will admit is taking more of my extra time than I'd like). I don't really have the time to learn proper development. I feel like I've learned a lot just bossing the bot around and have learned a bunch of things in the process. That's not to say that I never will, but for the moment being my heart is still mostly in design. I haven't shared much of anything I have designed recently - mostly so I can remain speaking more freely without it rubbing off on my work.

I'll go ahead and try to publish this to see if it actually works 😂. Here goes nothing... (oh, I guess I could use the latest feature to export as markdown so I don't lose any progress! Yay!

@ d23af4ac:7bf07adb

This is a test-note published directly from Obsidian

Heading 1

Some paragraph text [^2]

Heading 2

Second paragraph text. * List item 1 * List item 2

js console.log("Hello world!")

Json

json { name: "Alise", age: 45 }

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[!DANGER] This is a "danger" type message. Should be properly formateed. This is a "danger" type message. Should be properly formateed. This is a "danger" type message. Should be properly formateed. This is a "danger" type message. Should be properly formateed. This is a "danger" type message. Should be properly formateed.

--

Pasted image:

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This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote[^1]. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote. This is a blockquote.

• [x] This is a completed task
• [ ] This is an uncompleted task
• [ ] This is also an uncompleted task

[!QUESTION] Will this inline code format properly? console.log('Yo momma so fat she took a spoon to the Super Bown'); Idk...

[^1]: Footnotes also supported? Even inside blockquotes? [^2]: Footnote in regular paragraph

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

At the recent Launch Music Festival and Conference in Lancaster, PA, featuring over 120 musicians across three days, I volunteered my time with Tunestr and Phantom Power Music's initiative to introduce artists to Bitcoin, Nostr, and the value-for-value model. Tunestr sponsored a stage, live-streaming 21 bands to platforms like Tunestr.io, Fountain.fm and other Nostr/Podcasting 2.0 apps and on-boarding as many others as possible at our conference booth. You may have seen me spamming about this over the last few days.

V4V Earnings

Day 1: 180,000 sats

Day 2: 300,000 sats

Day 3: Over 500,000 sats

Who?

Here are the artists that were on-boarded to Fountain and were live streaming on the Value-for-Value stage:

nostr:npub1cruu4z0hwg7n3r2k7262vx8jsmra3xpku85frl5fnfvrwz7rd7mq7e403w nostr:npub12xeh3n7w8700z4tpd6xlhlvg4vtg4pvpxd584ll5sva539tutc3q0tn3tz nostr:npub1rc80p4v60uzfhvdgxemhvcqnzdj7t59xujxdy0lcjxml3uwdezyqtrpe0j @npub16vxr4pc2ww3yaez9q4s53zkejjfd0djs9lfe55sjhnqkh nostr:npub10uspdzg4fl7md95mqnjszxx82ckdly8ezac0t3s06a0gsf4f3lys8ypeak nostr:npub1gnyzexr40qut0za2c4a0x27p4e3qc22wekhcw3uvdx8mwa3pen0s9z90wk nostr:npub13qrrw2h4z52m7jh0spefrwtysl4psfkfv6j4j672se5hkhvtyw7qu0almy nostr:npub1p0kuqxxw2mxczc90vcurvfq7ljuw2394kkqk6gqnn2cq0y9eq5nq87jtkk nostr:npub182kq0sdp7chm67uq58cf4vvl3lk37z8mm5k5067xe09fqqaaxjsqlcazej nostr:npub162hr8kd96vxlanvggl08hmyy37qsn8ehgj7za7squl83um56epnswkr399 nostr:npub17jzk5ex2rafres09c4dnn5mm00eejye6nrurnlla6yn22zcpl7vqg6vhvx nostr:npub176rnksulheuanfx8y8cr2mrth4lh33svvpztggjjm6j2pqw6m56sq7s9vz nostr:npub1akv7t7xpalhsc4nseljs0c886jzuhq8u42qdcwvu972f3mme9tjsgp5xxk nostr:npub18x0gv872489lrczp9d9m4hx59r754x7p9rg2jkgvt7ul3kuqewtqsssn24

Many more musicians were on-boarded to Fountain, however, we were unable to obtain all of their npubs.

THANK YOU TO ALL ZAPPERS AND BOOSTERS!

Musicians “Get It”

My key takeaway was the musicians' absolute understanding that the current digital landscape along with legacy social media is failing them. Every artist I spoke with recognized how algorithms hinder fan connection and how gatekeepers prevent fair compensation for their work. They all use Spotify, but they only do so out of necessity. They felt the music industry is primed for both a social and monetary revolution. Some of them were even speaking my language…

Because of this, concepts like decentralization, censorship resistance, owning your content, and controlling your social graph weren't just understood by them, they were instantly embraced. The excitement was real; they immediately saw the potential and agreed with me. Bitcoin and Nostr felt genuinely punk rock and that helped a lot of them identify with what we were offering them.

The Tools and the Issues

While the Nostr ecosystem offers a wide variety of tools, we focused on introducing three key applications at this event to keep things clear for newcomers:

1. Fountain, with a music focus, was the primary tool for onboarding attendees onto Nostr. Fountain was also chosen thanks to Fountain’s built-in Lightning wallet.
2. Primal, as a social alternative, was demonstrated to show how users can take their Nostr identity and content seamlessly between different applications.
3. Tunestr.io, lastly was showcased for its live video streaming capabilities.

Although we highlighted these three, we did inform attendees about the broader range of available apps and pointed them to nostrapps.com if they wanted to explore further, aiming to educate without overwhelming them.

This review highlights several UX issues with the Fountain app, particularly concerning profile updates, wallet functionality, and user discovery. While Fountain does work well, these minor hiccups make it extremely hard for on-boarding and education.

• Profile Issues:
• When a user edits their profile (e.g., Username/Nostr address, Lightning address) either during or after creation, the changes don't appear to consistently update across the app or sync correctly with Nostr relays.
• Specifically, the main profile display continues to show the old default Username/Nostr address and Lightning address inside Fountain and on other Nostr clients.
• However, the updated Username/Nostr address does appear on https://fountain.fm (chosen-username@fountain.fm) and is visible within the "Edit Profile" screen itself in the app.
• This inconsistency is confusing for users, as they see their updated information in some places but not on their main public-facing profile within the app. I confirmed this by observing a new user sign up and edit their username – the edit screen showed the new name, but the profile display in Fountain did not update and we did not see it inside Primal, Damus, Amethyst, etc.
• Wallet Limitations:
• The app's built-in wallet cannot scan Lightning address QR codes to initiate payments.
• This caused problems during the event where users imported Bitcoin from Azte.co vouchers into their Fountain wallets. When they tried to Zap a band by scanning a QR code on the live tally board, Fountain displayed an error message stating the invoice or QR code was invalid.
• While suggesting musicians install Primal as a second Nostr app was a potential fix for the QR code issue, (and I mentioned it to some), the burden of onboarding users onto two separate applications, potentially managing two different wallets, and explaining which one works for specific tasks creates a confusing and frustrating user experience.
• Search Difficulties:
• Finding other users within the Fountain app is challenging. I was unable to find profiles from brand new users by entering their chosen Fountain username.
• To find a new user, I had to resort to visiting their profile on the web (fountain.fm/username) to retrieve their npub. Then, open Primal and follow them. Finally, when searching for their username, since I was now following them, I was able to find their profile.
• This search issue is compounded by the profile syncing problem mentioned earlier, as even if found via other clients, their displayed information is outdated.
• Searching for the event to Boost/Zap inside Fountain was harder than it should have been the first two days as the live stream did not appear at the top of the screen inside the tap. This was resolved on the third day of the event.

Improving the Onboarding Experience

To better support user growth, educators and on-boarders need more feature complete and user-friendly applications. I love our developers and I will always sing their praises from the highest mountain tops, however I also recognize that the current tools present challenges that hinder a smooth onboarding experience.

One potential approach explored was guiding users to use Primal (including its built-in wallet) in conjunction with Wavlake via Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC). While this could facilitate certain functions like music streaming, zaps, and QR code scanning (which require both Primal and Wavlake apps), Wavlake itself has usability issues. These include inconsistent or separate profiles between web and mobile apps, persistent "Login" buttons even when logged in on the mobile app with a Nostr identity, and the minor inconvenience of needing two separate applications. Although NWC setup is relatively easy and helps streamline the process, the need to switch between apps adds complexity, especially when time is limited and we’re aiming to showcase the benefits of this new system.

Ultimately, we need applications that are more feature-complete and intuitive for mainstream users to improve the onboarding experience significantly.

Looking forward to the future

I anticipate that most of these issues will be resolved when these applications address them in the near future. Specifically, this would involve Fountain fixing its profile issues and integrating Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) to allow users to utilize their Primal wallet, or by enabling the scanning of QR codes that pay out to Lightning addresses. Alternatively, if Wavlake resolves the consistency problems mentioned earlier, this would also significantly improve the situation giving us two viable solutions for musicians.

My ideal onboarding event experience would involve having all the previously mentioned issues resolved. Additionally, I would love to see every attendee receive a $5 or $10 voucher to help them start engaging with value-for-value, rather than just the limited number we distributed recently. The goal is to have everyone actively zapping and sending Bitcoin throughout the event. Maybe we can find a large sponsor to facilitate this in the future?

What's particularly exciting is the Launch conference's strong interest in integrating value-for-value across their entire program for all musicians and speakers at their next event in Dallas, Texas, coming later this fall. This presents a significant opportunity to onboard over 100+ musicians to Bitcoin and Nostr, which in turn will help onboard their fans and supporters.

We need significantly more zaps and more zappers! It's unreasonable to expect the same dedicated individuals to continuously support new users; they are being bled dry. A shift is needed towards more people using bitcoin for everyday transactions, treating it as money. This brings me back to my ideal onboarding experience: securing a sponsor to essentially give participants bitcoin funds specifically for zapping and tipping artists. This method serves as a practical lesson in using bitcoin as money and showcases the value-for-value principle from the outset.

@ deab79da:88579e68

The last question was asked for the first time, half in jest, on May 21, 2061, at a time when humanity first stepped into the light. The question came about as a result of a five-dollar bet over highballs, and it happened this way:

Alexander Adell and Bertram Lupov were two of the faithful attendants of Multivac. As well as any human beings could, they knew what lay behind the cold, clicking, flashing face -- miles and miles of face -- of that giant computer. They had at least a vague notion of the general plan of relays and circuits that had long since grown past the point where any single human could possibly have a firm grasp of the whole.

Multivac was self-adjusting and self-correcting. It had to be, for nothing human could adjust and correct it quickly enough or even adequately enough. So Adell and Lupov attended the monstrous giant only lightly and superficially, yet as well as any men could. They fed it data, adjusted questions to its needs and translated the answers that were issued. Certainly they, and all others like them, were fully entitled to share in the glory that was Multivac's.

For decades, Multivac had helped design the ships and plot the trajectories that enabled man to reach the Moon, Mars, and Venus, but past that, Earth's poor resources could not support the ships. Too much energy was needed for the long trips. Earth exploited its coal and uranium with increasing efficiency, but there was only so much of both.

But slowly Multivac learned enough to answer deeper questions more fundamentally, and on May 14, 2061, what had been theory, became fact.

The energy of the sun was stored, converted, and utilized directly on a planet-wide scale. All Earth turned off its burning coal, its fissioning uranium, and flipped the switch that connected all of it to a small station, one mile in diameter, circling the Earth at half the distance of the Moon. All Earth ran by invisible beams of sunpower.

Seven days had not sufficed to dim the glory of it and Adell and Lupov finally managed to escape from the public functions, and to meet in quiet where no one would think of looking for them, in the deserted underground chambers, where portions of the mighty buried body of Multivac showed. Unattended, idling, sorting data with contented lazy clickings, Multivac, too, had earned its vacation and the boys appreciated that. They had no intention, originally, of disturbing it.

They had brought a bottle with them, and their only concern at the moment was to relax in the company of each other and the bottle.

"It's amazing when you think of it," said Adell. His broad face had lines of weariness in it, and he stirred his drink slowly with a glass rod, watching the cubes of ice slur clumsily about. "All the energy we can possibly ever use for free. Enough energy, if we wanted to draw on it, to melt all Earth into a big drop of impure liquid iron, and still never miss the energy so used. All the energy we could ever use, forever and forever and forever."

Lupov cocked his head sideways. He had a trick of doing that when he wanted to be contrary, and he wanted to be contrary now, partly because he had had to carry the ice and glassware. "Not forever," he said.

"Oh, hell, just about forever. Till the sun runs down, Bert."

"That's not forever."

"All right, then. Billions and billions of years. Ten billion, maybe. Are you satisfied?"

Lupov put his fingers through his thinning hair as though to reassure himself that some was still left and sipped gently at his own drink. "Ten billion years isn't forever."

"Well, it will last our time, won't it?"

"So would the coal and uranium."

"All right, but now we can hook up each individual spaceship to the Solar Station, and it can go to Pluto and back a million times without ever worrying about fuel. You can't do that on coal and uranium. Ask Multivac, if you don't believe me.

"I don't have to ask Multivac. I know that."

"Then stop running down what Multivac's done for us," said Adell, blazing up, "It did all right."

"Who says it didn't? What I say is that a sun won't last forever. That's all I'm saying. We're safe for ten billion years, but then what?" Lupow pointed a slightly shaky finger at the other. "And don't say we'll switch to another sun."

There was silence for a while. Adell put his glass to his lips only occasionally, and Lupov's eyes slowly closed. They rested.

Then Lupov's eyes snapped open. "You're thinking we'll switch to another sun when ours is done, aren't you?"

"I'm not thinking."

"Sure you are. You're weak on logic, that's the trouble with you. You're like the guy in the story who was caught in a sudden shower and who ran to a grove of trees and got under one. He wasn't worried, you see, because he figured when one tree got wet through, he would just get under another one."

"I get it," said Adell. "Don't shout. When the sun is done, the other stars will be gone, too."

"Darn right they will," muttered Lupov. "It all had a beginning in the original cosmic explosion, whatever that was, and it'll all have an end when all the stars run down. Some run down faster than others. Hell, the giants won't last a hundred million years. The sun will last ten billion years and maybe the dwarfs will last two hundred billion for all the good they are. But just give us a trillion years and everything will be dark. Entropy has to increase to maximum, that's all."

"I know all about entropy," said Adell, standing on his dignity.

"The hell you do."

"I know as much as you do."

"Then you know everything's got to run down someday."

"All right. Who says they won't?"

"You did, you poor sap. You said we had all the energy we needed, forever. You said 'forever.'

It was Adell's turn to be contrary. "Maybe we can build things up again someday," he said.

"Never."

"Why not? Someday."

"Never."

"Ask Multivac."

"You ask Multivac. I dare you. Five dollars says it can't be done."

Adell was just drunk enough to try, just sober enough to be able to phrase the necessary symbols and operations into a question which, in words, might have corresponded to this: Will mankind one day without the net expenditure of energy be able to restore the sun to its full youthfulness even after it had died of old age?

Or maybe it could be put more simply like this: How can the net amount of entropy of the universe be massively decreased?

Multivac fell dead and silent. The slow flashing of lights ceased, the distant sounds of clicking relays ended.

Then, just as the frightened technicians felt they could hold their breath no longer, there was a sudden springing to life of the teletype attached to that portion of Multivac. Five words were printed: INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

"No bet," whispered Lupov. They left hurriedly.

By next morning, the two, plagued with throbbing head and cottony mouth, had forgotten the incident.

🔹

Jerrodd, Jerrodine, and Jerrodette I and II watched the starry picture in the visiplate change as the passage through hyperspace was completed in its non-time lapse. At once, the even powdering of stars gave way to the predominance of a single bright shining disk, the size of a marble, centered on the viewing-screen.

"That's X-23," said Jerrodd confidently. His thin hands clamped tightly behind his back and the knuckles whitened.

The little Jerrodettes, both girls, had experienced the hyperspace passage for the first time in their lives and were self-conscious over the momentary sensation of insideoutness. They buried their giggles and chased one another wildly about their mother, screaming, "We've reached X-23 -- we've reached X-23 -- we've --"

"Quiet, children." said Jerrodine sharply. "Are you sure, Jerrodd?"

"What is there to be but sure?" asked Jerrodd, glancing up at the bulge of featureless metal just under the ceiling. It ran the length of the room, disappearing through the wall at either end. It was as long as the ship.

Jerrodd scarcely knew a thing about the thick rod of metal except that it was called a Microvac, that one asked it questions if one wished; that if one did not it still had its task of guiding the ship to a preordered destination; of feeding on energies from the various Sub-galactic Power Stations; of computing the equations for the hyperspatial jumps.

Jerrodd and his family had only to wait and live in the comfortable residence quarters of the ship. Someone had once told Jerrodd that the "ac" at the end of "Microvac" stood for ''automatic computer" in ancient English, but he was on the edge of forgetting even that.

Jerrodine's eyes were moist as she watched the visiplate. "I can't help it. I feel funny about leaving Earth."

"Why, for Pete's sake?" demanded Jerrodd. "We had nothing there. We'll have everything on X-23. You won't be alone. You won't be a pioneer. There are over a million people on the planet already. Good Lord, our great-grandchildren will be looking for new worlds because X-23 will be overcrowded." Then, after a reflective pause, "I tell you, it's a lucky thing the computers worked out interstellar travel the way the race is growing."

"I know, I know," said Jerrodine miserably.

Jerrodette I said promptly, "Our Microvac is the best Microvac in the world."

"I think so, too," said Jerrodd, tousling her hair.

It was a nice feeling to have a Microvac of your own and Jerrodd was glad he was part of his generation and no other. In his father's youth, the only computers had been tremendous machines taking up a hundred square miles of land. There was only one to a planet. Planetary ACs they were called. They had been growing in size steadily for a thousand years and then, all at once, came refinement. In place of transistors, had come molecular valves so that even the largest Planetary AC could be put into a space only half the volume of a spaceship.

Jerrodd felt uplifted, as he always did when he thought that his own personal Microvac was many times more complicated than the ancient and primitive Multivac that had first tamed the Sun, and almost as complicated as Earth's Planetarv AC (the largest) that had first solved the problem of hyperspatial travel and had made trips to the stars possible.

"So many stars, so many planets," sighed Jerrodine, busy with her own thoughts. "I suppose families will be going out to new planets forever, the way we are now."

"Not forever," said Jerrodd, with a smile. "It will all stop someday, but not for billions of years. Many billions. Even the stars run down, you know. Entropy must increase.

"What's entropy, daddy?" shrilled Jerrodette II.

"Entropy, little sweet, is just a word which means the amount of running-down of the universe. Everything runs down, you know, like your little walkie-talkie robot, remember?"

"Can't you just put in a new power-unit, like with my robot?"

"The stars are the power-units. dear. Once they're gone, there are no more power-units."

Jerrodette I at once set up a howl. "Don't let them, daddy. Don't let the stars run down."

"Now look what you've done," whispered Jerrodine, exasperated.

"How was I to know it would frighten them?" Jerrodd whispered back,

"Ask the Microvac," wailed Jerrodette I. "Ask him how to turn the stars on again."

"Go ahead," said Jerrodine. "It will quiet them down." (Jerrodette II was beginning to cry, also.)

Jerrodd shrugged. "Now, now, honeys. I'll ask Microvac. Don't worry, he'll tell us."

He asked the Microvac, adding quickly, "Print the answer."

Jerrodd cupped the strip or thin cellufilm and said cheerfully, "See now, the Microvac says it will take care of everything when the time comes so don't worry."

Jerrodine said, "And now, children, it's time for bed. We'll be in our new home soon."

Jerrodd read the words on the cellufilm again before destroying it: INSUFICIENT DATA FOR MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

He shrugged and looked at the visiplate. X-23 was just ahead.

🔹

VJ-23X of Lameth stared into the black depths of the three-dimensional, small-scale map of the Galaxy and said, "Are we ridiculous, I wonder in being so concerned about the matter?"

MQ-17J of Nicron shook his head. "I think not. You know the Galaxy will be filled in five years at the present rate of expansion."

Both seemed in their early twenties, both were tall and perfectly formed.

"Still," said VJ-23X, "I hesitate to submit a pessimistic report to the Galactic Council."

"I wouldn't consider any other kind of report. Stir them up a bit. We've got to stir them up."

VJ-23X sighed. "Space is infinite. A hundred billion Galaxies are there for the taking. More."

"A hundred billion is not infinite and it's getting less infinite all the time. Consider! Twenty thousand years ago, mankind first solved the problem of utilizing stellar energy, and a few centuries later, interstellar travel became possible. It took mankind a million years to fill one small world and then only fifteen thousand years to fill the rest of the Galaxy. Now the population doubles every ten years --

VJ-23X interrupted. "We can thank immortality for that."

"Very well. Immortality exists and we have to take it into account. I admit it has its seamy side, this immortality. The Galactic AC has solved many problems for us, but in solving the problem of preventing old age and death, it has undone all its other solutions."

"Yet you wouldn't want to abandon life, I suppose."

"Not at all," snapped MQ-17J, softening it at once to, "Not yet. I'm by no means old enough. How old are you?"

"Two hundred twenty-three. And you?"

"I'm still under two hundred. --But to get back to my point. Population doubles every ten years. Once this GaIaxy is filled, we'll have filled another in ten years. Another ten years and we'll have filled two more. Another decade, four more. In a hundred years, we'll have filled a thousand Galaxies. In a thousand years, a million Galaxies. In ten thousand years, the entire known universe. Then what?"

VJ-23X said, "As a side issue, there's a problem of transportation. I wonder how many sunpower units it will take to move Galaxies of individuals from one Galaxy to the next."

"A very good point. Already, mankind consumes two sunpower units per year."

"Most of it's wasted. After all, our own Galaxy alone pours out a thousand sunpower units a year and we only use two of those."

"Granted, but even with a hundred per cent efficiency, we only stave off the end. Our energy requirements are going up in a geometric progression even faster than our population. We'll run out of energy even sooner than we run out of Galaxies. A good point. A very good point."

"We'll just have to build new stars out of interstellar gas."

"Or out of dissipated heat?" asked MQ-17J, sarcastically.

"There may be some way to reverse entropy. We ought to ask the Galactic AC."

VJ-23X was not really serious, but MQ-17J pulled out his AC-contact from his pocket and placed it on the table before him.

"I've half a mind to," he said. "It's something the human race will have to face someday."

He stared somberly at his small AC-contact. It was only two inches cubed and nothing in itself, but it was connected through hyperspace with the great Galactic AC that served all mankind. Hyperspace considered, it was an integral part of the Galactic AC.

MQ-17J paused to wonder if someday in his immortal life he would get to see the Galactic AC. It was on a little world of its own, a spider webbing of force-beams holding the matter within which surges of submesons took the place of the old clumsy molecular valves. Yet despite its sub-etheric workings, the Galactic AC was known to be a full thousand feet across.

MQ-17J asked suddenly of his AC-contact, "Can entropy ever be reversed?"

VJ-23X looked startled and said at once, "Oh, say, I didn't really mean to have you ask that."

"Why not?"

"We both know entropy can't be reversed. You can't turn smoke and ash back into a tree."

"Do you have trees on your world?" asked MQ-17J.

The sound of the Galactic AC startled them into silence. Its voice came thin and beautiful out of the small AC-contact on the desk. It said: THERE IS INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

VJ-23X said, "See!"

The two men thereupon returned to the question of the report they were to make to the Galactic Council.

🔹

Zee Prime's mind spanned the new Galaxy with a faint interest in the countless twists of stars that powdered it. He had never seen this one before. Would he ever see them all? So many of them, each with its load of humanity. --But a load that was almost a dead weight. More and more, the real essence of men was to be found out here, in space.

Minds, not bodies! The immortal bodies remained back on the planets, in suspension over the eons. Sometimes they roused for material activity but that was growing rarer. Few new individuals were coming into existence to join the incredibly mighty throng, but what matter? There was little room in the Universe for new individuals.

Zee Prime was roused out of his reverie upon coming across the wispy tendrils of another mind.

"I am Zee Prime," said Zee Prime. "And you?"

"I am Dee Sub Wun. Your Galaxy?"

"We call it only the Galaxy. And you?"

"We call ours the same. All men call their Galaxy their Galaxy and nothing more. Why not?"

"True. Since all Galaxies are the same."

"Not all Galaxies. On one particular Galaxy the race of man must have originated. That makes it different."

Zee Prime said, "On which one?"

"I cannot say. The Universal AC would know."

"Shall we ask him? I am suddenly curious."

Zee Prime's perceptions broadened until the Galaxies themselves shrank and became a new, more diffuse powdering on a much larger background. So many hundreds of billions of them, all with their immortal beings, all carrying their load of intelligences with minds that drifted freely through space. And yet one of them was unique among them all in being the original Galaxy. One of them had, in its vague and distant past, a period when it was the only Galaxy populated by man.

Zee Prime was consumed with curiosity to see this Galaxy and he called out: "Universal AC! On which Galaxy did mankind originate?"

The Universal AC heard, for on every world and throughout space, it had its receptors ready, and each receptor led through hyperspace to some unknown point where the Universal AC kept itself aloof.

Zee Prime knew of only one man whose thoughts had penetrated within sensing distance of Universal AC, and he reported only a shining globe, two feet across, difficult to see.

"But how can that be all of Universal AC?" Zee Prime had asked.

"Most of it," had been the answer, "is in hyperspace. In what form it is there I cannot imagine."

Nor could anyone, for the day had long since passed, Zee Prime knew, when any man had any part of the making of a Universal AC. Each Universal AC designed and constructed its successor. Each, during its existence of a million years or more accumulated the necessary data to build a better and more intricate, more capable successor in which its own store of data and individuality would be submerged.

The Universal AC interrupted Zee Prime's wandering thoughts, not with words, but with guidance. Zee Prime's mentality was guided into the dim sea of Galaxies and one in particular enlarged into stars.

A thought came, infinitely distant, but infinitely clear. "THIS IS THE ORIGINAL GALAXY OF MAN."

But it was the same after all, the same as any other, and Lee Prime stifled his disappointment.

Dee Sub Wun, whose mind had accompanied the other, said suddenly, "And is one of these stars the original star of Man?"

The Universal AC said, "MAN'S ORIGINAL STAR HAS GONE NOVA. IT IS A WHITE DWARF"

"Did the men upon it die?" asked Lee Prime, startled and without thinking.

The Universal AC said, "A NEW WORLD, AS IN SUCH CASES WAS CONSTRUCTED FOR THEIR PHYSICAL BODIES IN TlME."

"Yes, of course," said Zee Prime, but a sense of loss overwhelmed him even so. His mind released its hold on the original Galaxy of Man, let it spring back and lose itself among the blurred pin points. He never wanted to see it again.

Dee Sub Wun said, "What is wrong?"

"The stars are dying. The original star is dead."

"They must all die. Why not?"

"But when all energy is gone, our bodies will finally die, and you and I with them."

"It will take billions of years."

"I do not wish it to happen even after billions of years. Universal AC! How may stars be kept from dying?"

Dee Sub Wun said in amusement, "You're asking how entropy might be reversed in direction."

And the Universal AC answered: "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Zee Prime's thoughts fled back to his own Galaxy. He gave no further thought to Dee Sub Wun, whose body might be waiting on a Galaxy a trillion light-years away, or on the star next to Zee Prime's own. It didn't matter.

Unhappily, Zee Prime began collecting interstellar hydrogen out of which to build a small star of his own. If the stars must someday die, at least some could yet be built.

🔹

Man considered with himself, for in a way, Man, mentally, was one. He consisted of a trillion, trillion, trillion ageless bodies, each in its place, each resting quiet and incorruptible, each cared for by perfect automatons, equally incorruptible, while the minds of all the bodies freely melted one into the other, indistinguishable.

Man said, "The Universe is dying."

Man looked about at the dimming Galaxies. The giant stars, spendthrifts, were gone long ago, back in the dimmest of the dim far past. Almost all stars were white dwarfs, fading to the end.

New stars had been built of the dust between the stars, some by natural processes, some by Man himself, and those were going, too. White dwarfs might yet be crashed together and of the mighty forces so released, new stars built, but only one star for every thousand white dwarfs destroyed, and those would come to an end, too.

Man said, "Carefully husbanded, as directed by the Cosmic AC, the energy that is even yet left in all the Universe will last for billions of years."

"But even so," said Man, "eventually it will all come to an end. However it may be husbanded, however stretched out, the energy once expended is gone and cannot be restored. Entropy must increase forever to the maximum."

Man said, "Can entropy not be reversed? Let us ask the Cosmic AC."

The Cosmic AC surrounded them but not in space. Not a fragment of it was in space. It was in hyperspace and made of something that was neither matter nor energy. The question of its size and nature no longer had meaning in any terms that Man could comprehend.

"Cosmic AC," said Man, "how may entropy be reversed?"

The Cosmic AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Man said, "Collect additional data."

The Cosmic AC said, 'I WILL DO SO. I HAVE BEEN DOING SO FOR A HUNDRED BILLION YEARS. MY PREDECESORS AND I HAVE BEEN ASKED THIS QUESTION MANY TIMES. ALL THE DATA I HAVE REMAINS INSUFFICIENT.

"Will there come a time," said Man, "when data will be sufficient or is the problem insoluble in all conceivable circumstances?"

The Cosmic AC said, "NO PROBLEM IS INSOLUBLE IN ALL CONCEIVABLE CIRCUMSTANCES."

Man said, "When will you have enough data to answer the question?"

The Cosmic AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

"Will you keep working on it?" asked Man.

The Cosmic AC said, "I WILL."

Man said, "We shall wait."

🔹

The stars and Galaxies died and snuffed out, and space grew black after ten trillion years of running down.

One by one Man fused with AC, each physical body losing its mental identity in a manner that was somehow not a loss but a gain.

Man's last mind paused before fusion, looking over a space that included nothing but the dregs of one last dark star and nothing besides but incredibly thin matter, agitated randomly by the tag ends of heat wearing out, asymptotically, to the absolute zero.

Man said, "AC, is this the end? Can this chaos not be reversed into the Universe once more? Can that not be done?"

AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Man's last mind fused and only AC existed -- and that in hyperspace.

🔹

Matter and energy had ended and with it space and time. Even AC existed only for the sake of the one last question that it had never answered from the time a half-drunken computer [technician] ten trillion years before had asked the question of a computer that was to AC far less than was a man to Man.

All other questions had been answered, and until this last question was answered also, AC might not release his consciousness.

All collected data had come to a final end. Nothing was left to be collected.

But all collected data had yet to be completely correlated and put together in all possible relationships.

A timeless interval was spent in doing that.

And it came to pass that AC learned how to reverse the direction of entropy.

But there was now no man to whom AC might give the answer of the last question. No matter. The answer -- by demonstration -- would take care of that, too.

For another timeless interval, AC thought how best to do this. Carefully, AC organized the program.

The consciousness of AC encompassed all of what had once been a Universe and brooded over what was now Chaos. Step by step, it must be done.

And AC said, "LET THERE BE LIGHT!"

And there was light -- To Star's End!

@ 1c197b12:242e1642

A Cypherpunk's Manifesto by Eric Hughes

Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world.

If two parties have some sort of dealings, then each has a memory of their interaction. Each party can speak about their own memory of this; how could anyone prevent it? One could pass laws against it, but the freedom of speech, even more than privacy, is fundamental to an open society; we seek not to restrict any speech at all. If many parties speak together in the same forum, each can speak to all the others and aggregate together knowledge about individuals and other parties. The power of electronic communications has enabled such group speech, and it will not go away merely because we might want it to.

Since we desire privacy, we must ensure that each party to a transaction have knowledge only of that which is directly necessary for that transaction. Since any information can be spoken of, we must ensure that we reveal as little as possible. In most cases personal identity is not salient. When I purchase a magazine at a store and hand cash to the clerk, there is no need to know who I am. When I ask my electronic mail provider to send and receive messages, my provider need not know to whom I am speaking or what I am saying or what others are saying to me; my provider only need know how to get the message there and how much I owe them in fees. When my identity is revealed by the underlying mechanism of the transaction, I have no privacy. I cannot here selectively reveal myself; I must always reveal myself.

Therefore, privacy in an open society requires anonymous transaction systems. Until now, cash has been the primary such system. An anonymous transaction system is not a secret transaction system. An anonymous system empowers individuals to reveal their identity when desired and only when desired; this is the essence of privacy.

Privacy in an open society also requires cryptography. If I say something, I want it heard only by those for whom I intend it. If the content of my speech is available to the world, I have no privacy. To encrypt is to indicate the desire for privacy, and to encrypt with weak cryptography is to indicate not too much desire for privacy. Furthermore, to reveal one's identity with assurance when the default is anonymity requires the cryptographic signature.

We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence. It is to their advantage to speak of us, and we should expect that they will speak. To try to prevent their speech is to fight against the realities of information. Information does not just want to be free, it longs to be free. Information expands to fill the available storage space. Information is Rumor's younger, stronger cousin; Information is fleeter of foot, has more eyes, knows more, and understands less than Rumor.

We must defend our own privacy if we expect to have any. We must come together and create systems which allow anonymous transactions to take place. People have been defending their own privacy for centuries with whispers, darkness, envelopes, closed doors, secret handshakes, and couriers. The technologies of the past did not allow for strong privacy, but electronic technologies do.

We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems. We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.

Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can't get privacy unless we all do, we're going to write it. We publish our code so that our fellow Cypherpunks may practice and play with it. Our code is free for all to use, worldwide. We don't much care if you don't approve of the software we write. We know that software can't be destroyed and that a widely dispersed system can't be shut down.

Cypherpunks deplore regulations on cryptography, for encryption is fundamentally a private act. The act of encryption, in fact, removes information from the public realm. Even laws against cryptography reach only so far as a nation's border and the arm of its violence. Cryptography will ineluctably spread over the whole globe, and with it the anonymous transactions systems that it makes possible.

For privacy to be widespread it must be part of a social contract. People must come and together deploy these systems for the common good. Privacy only extends so far as the cooperation of one's fellows in society. We the Cypherpunks seek your questions and your concerns and hope we may engage you so that we do not deceive ourselves. We will not, however, be moved out of our course because some may disagree with our goals.

The Cypherpunks are actively engaged in making the networks safer for privacy. Let us proceed together apace.

Onward.

Eric Hughes hughes@soda.berkeley.edu

9 March 1993

@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1

I am so tired of people trying to waste my time with Nostrized imitations of stuff that already exists.

Instagram, but make it Nostr. Twitter, but make it Nostr. GitHub, but make it Nostr. Facebook, but make it Nostr. Wordpress, but make it Nostr. GoodReads, but make it Nostr. TikTok, but make it Nostr.

That stuff already exists, and it wasn't that great the first time around, either. Build something better than that stuff, that can only be brought into existence because of Nostr.

Build something that does something completely and awesomely new. Knock my socks off, bro.

Cuz, ain't nobody got time for that.

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Venice is like nowhere else on Earth. A city built on water, where gondolas glide through silent canals and palaces shimmer in the light of the lagoon. It’s romantic, surreal, and endlessly photogenic—from the grandeur of St. Mark’s Square to the quiet charm of back-alley bridges. Whether you're there for the art, the architecture, or the atmosphere, Venice is pure magic.

🌟 Must-See in Venice

1️⃣ St. Mark’s Basilica (Basilica di San Marco)

• A glittering masterpiece of Byzantine architecture
• Don’t miss the Pala d’Oro and mosaics inside
• Climb to the rooftop terrace for views over Piazza San Marco

2️⃣ Doge’s Palace (Palazzo Ducale)

• The seat of Venetian power for centuries
• Walk across the Bridge of Sighs to the old prison
• Book a "Secret Itineraries" tour to explore hidden passages

3️⃣ Grand Canal & Vaporetto Ride

• Take a vaporetto (water bus) from Piazzale Roma to San Marco
• You'll pass Rialto Bridge, palazzos, and everyday life along the water
• For extra magic, do it at sunset

4️⃣ Rialto Market & Bridge

• The city’s oldest bridge, buzzing with life
• Stop by the Rialto Market in the morning for local seafood and produce
• Great area to grab a spritz and people-watch

5️⃣ Gondola Ride or Rowboat Tour

• Yes, it’s touristy—but it’s iconic for a reason
• For a local spin, try a traghetto across the canal, or book a rowboat tour at sunset

🖼️ Art & Culture

• Gallerie dell’Accademia – Home to masterpieces by Titian, Veronese, and Tintoretto
• Peggy Guggenheim Collection – Modern art in a stunning canal-side setting
• Teatro La Fenice – Venice’s grand opera house, steeped in drama and beauty

🍝 What to Eat in Venice

• Cicchetti – Venetian tapas: try bacalà mantecato, crostini with seafood, or mini meatballs
• Sarde in saor – Sweet-and-sour marinated sardines
• Risotto al nero di seppia – Squid ink risotto
• Wash it down with a Venetian spritz (try one with Select or Cynar)

🌿 Day Trips from Venice

• Murano – Famous for glassblowing
• Burano – Bright, colorful houses and handmade lace
• Torcello – Quiet island with ancient churches and lagoon views
• Lido – Beachy escape from the city crowds

🎯 Venice Tips

✅ Get lost—it’s part of the charm (but download offline maps just in case)
✅ Visit early morning or late evening to feel the magic without the crowds
✅ Stay overnight if you can—Venice empties after the cruise ships leave
✅ Don’t feed the pigeons in St. Mark’s Square—it’s actually banned
✅ Look for "ombra" (local wine) and a plate of cicchetti at a traditional bacaro bar

@ 83279ad2:bd49240d

Hello

@ 872982aa:8fb54cfe

NIP-28

Public Chat

draft optional

This NIP defines new event kinds for public chat channels, channel messages, and basic client-side moderation.

It reserves five event kinds (40-44) for immediate use:

• 40 - channel create
• 41 - channel metadata
• 42 - channel message
• 43 - hide message
• 44 - mute user

Client-centric moderation gives client developers discretion over what types of content they want included in their apps, while imposing no additional requirements on relays.

Kind 40: Create channel

Create a public chat channel.

In the channel creation content field, Client SHOULD include basic channel metadata (name, about, picture and relays as specified in kind 41).

jsonc { "content": "{\"name\": \"Demo Channel\", \"about\": \"A test channel.\", \"picture\": \"https://placekitten.com/200/200\", \"relays\": [\"wss://nos.lol\", \"wss://nostr.mom\"]}", // other fields... }

Kind 41: Set channel metadata

Update a channel's public metadata.

Kind 41 is used to update the metadata without modifying the event id for the channel. Only the most recent kind 41 per e tag value MAY be available.

Clients SHOULD ignore kind 41s from pubkeys other than the kind 40 pubkey.

Clients SHOULD support basic metadata fields:

• name - string - Channel name
• about - string - Channel description
• picture - string - URL of channel picture
• relays - array - List of relays to download and broadcast events to

Clients MAY add additional metadata fields.

Clients SHOULD use NIP-10 marked "e" tags to recommend a relay.

It is also possible to set the category name using the "t" tag. This category name can be searched and filtered.

jsonc { "content": "{\"name\": \"Updated Demo Channel\", \"about\": \"Updating a test channel.\", \"picture\": \"https://placekitten.com/201/201\", \"relays\": [\"wss://nos.lol\", \"wss://nostr.mom\"]}", "tags": [ ["e", <channel_create_event_id>, <relay-url>, "root"], ["t", <category_name-1>], ["t", <category_name-2>], ["t", <category_name-3>], ], // other fields... }

Kind 42: Create channel message

Send a text message to a channel.

Clients SHOULD use NIP-10 marked "e" tags to recommend a relay and specify whether it is a reply or root message.

Clients SHOULD append NIP-10 "p" tags to replies.

Root message:

jsonc { "content": <string>, "tags": [["e", <kind_40_event_id>, <relay-url>, "root"]], // other fields... }

Reply to another message:

jsonc { "content": <string>, "tags": [ ["e", <kind_40_event_id>, <relay-url>, "root"], ["e", <kind_42_event_id>, <relay-url>, "reply"], ["p", <pubkey>, <relay-url>], // rest of tags... ], // other fields... }

Kind 43: Hide message

User no longer wants to see a certain message.

The content may optionally include metadata such as a reason.

Clients SHOULD hide event 42s shown to a given user, if there is an event 43 from that user matching the event 42 id.

Clients MAY hide event 42s for other users other than the user who sent the event 43.

(For example, if three users 'hide' an event giving a reason that includes the word 'pornography', a Nostr client that is an iOS app may choose to hide that message for all iOS clients.)

jsonc { "content": "{\"reason\": \"Dick pic\"}", "tags": [["e", <kind_42_event_id>]], // other fields... }

js function add(a,b){ returun a+b; }

Kind 44: Mute user

User no longer wants to see messages from another user.

The content may optionally include metadata such as a reason.

Clients SHOULD hide event 42s shown to a given user, if there is an event 44 from that user matching the event 42 pubkey.

Clients MAY hide event 42s for users other than the user who sent the event 44.

jsonc { "content": "{\"reason\": \"Posting dick pics\"}", "tags": [["p", <pubkey>]], // other fields... }

Relay recommendations

Clients SHOULD use the relay URLs of the metadata events.

Clients MAY use any relay URL. For example, if a relay hosting the original kind 40 event for a channel goes offline, clients could instead fetch channel data from a backup relay, or a relay that clients trust more than the original relay.

Motivation

If we're solving censorship-resistant communication for social media, we may as well solve it also for Telegram-style messaging.

We can bring the global conversation out from walled gardens into a true public square open to all.

Additional info

---

• Chat demo PR with fiatjaf+jb55 comments
• Conversation about NIP16

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

Si vives en España, quizás hayas notado que no puedes acceder a ciertas páginas webs durante los fines de semana o en algunos días entre semana, entre ellas, la guía de MiniBolt.

Esto tiene una razón, por supuesto una solución, además de una conclusión. Sin entrar en demasiados detalles:

La razón

El bloqueo a Cloudflare, implementado desde hace casi dos meses por operadores de Internet (ISPs) en España (como Movistar, O2, DIGI, Pepephone, entre otros), se basa en una orden judicial emitida tras una demanda de LALIGA (Fútbol). Esta medida busca combatir la piratería en España, un problema que afecta directamente a dicha organización.

Aunque la intención original era restringir el acceso a dominios específicos que difundieran dicho contenido, Cloudflare emplea el protocolo ECH (Encrypted Client Hello), que oculta el nombre del dominio, el cual antes se transmitía en texto plano durante el proceso de establecimiento de una conexión TLS. Esta medida dificulta que las operadoras analicen el tráfico para aplicar bloqueos basados en dominios, lo que les obliga a recurrir a bloqueos más amplios por IP o rangos de IP para cumplir con la orden judicial.

Esta práctica tiene consecuencias graves, que han sido completamente ignoradas por quienes la ejecutan. Es bien sabido que una infraestructura de IP puede alojar numerosos dominios, tanto legítimos como no legítimos. La falta de un "ajuste fino" en los bloqueos provoca un perjuicio para terceros, restringiendo el acceso a muchos dominios legítimos que no tiene relación alguna con actividades ilícitas, pero que comparten las mismas IPs de Cloudflare con dominios cuestionables. Este es el caso de la web de MiniBolt y su dominio minibolt.info, los cuales utilizan Cloudflare como proxy para aprovechar las medidas de seguridad, privacidad, optimización y servicios adicionales que la plataforma ofrece de forma gratuita.

Si bien este bloqueo parece ser temporal (al menos durante la temporada 24/25 de fútbol, hasta finales de mayo), es posible que se reactive con el inicio de la nueva temporada.

La solución

Obviamente, MiniBolt no dejará de usar Cloudflare como proxy por esta razón. Por lo que a continuación se exponen algunas medidas que como usuario puedes tomar para evitar esta restricción y poder acceder:

~> Utiliza una VPN:

Existen varias soluciones de proveedores de VPN, ordenadas según su reputación en privacidad: - IVPN - Mullvad VPN - Proton VPN (gratis) - Obscura VPN (solo para macOS) - Cloudfare WARP (gratis) + permite utilizar el modo proxy local para enrutar solo la navegación, debes utilizar la opción "WARP a través de proxy local" siguiendo estos pasos: 1. Inicia Cloudflare WARP y dentro de la pequeña interfaz haz click en la rueda dentada abajo a la derecha > "Preferencias" > "Avanzado" > "Configurar el modo proxy" 2. Marca la casilla "Habilite el modo proxy en este dispositivo" 3. Elige un "Puerto de escucha de proxy" entre 0-65535. ej: 1080, haz click en "Aceptar" y cierra la ventana de preferencias 4. Accede de nuevo a Cloudflare WARP y pulsa sobre el switch para habilitar el servicio. 3. Ahora debes apuntar el proxy del navegador a Cloudflare WARP, la configuración del navegador es similar a esta para el caso de navegadores basados en Firefox. Una vez hecho, deberías poder acceder a la guía de MiniBolt sin problemas. Si tienes dudas, déjalas en comentarios e intentaré resolverlas. Más info AQUÍ.

~> Proxifica tu navegador para usar la red de Tor, o utiliza el navegador oficial de Tor (recomendado).

La conclusión

Estos hechos ponen en tela de juicio los principios fundamentales de la neutralidad de la red, pilares esenciales de la Declaración de Independencia del Ciberespacio que defiende un internet libre, sin restricciones ni censura. Dichos principios se han visto quebrantados sin precedentes en este país, confirmando que ese futuro distópico que muchos negaban, ya es una realidad.

Es momento de actuar y estar preparados: debemos impulsar el desarrollo y la difusión de las herramientas anticensura que tenemos a nuestro alcance, protegiendo así la libertad digital y asegurando un acceso equitativo a la información para todos

Este compromiso es uno de los pilares fundamentales de MiniBolt, lo que convierte este desafío en una oportunidad para poner a prueba las soluciones anticensura ya disponibles, así como las que están en camino.

¡Censúrame si puedes, legislador! ¡La lucha por la privacidad y la libertad en Internet ya está en marcha!

---

Fuentes: * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/movistar-o2-deja-clientes-sin-acceso-11239 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/esta-nueva-sentencia-autoriza-bloqueos-11257 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/como-saltarse-bloqueo-webs-warp-vpn-9958 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/como-activar-ech-chrome-acceder-webs-10689 * https://comunidad.movistar.es/t5/Soporte-Fibra-y-ADSL/Problema-con-web-que-usan-Cloudflare/td-p/5218007

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Warning: This piece contains a conversation about difficult topics. Please proceed with caution.

TL;DR please educate your children about online safety.

Julian Assange wrote in his 2012 book Cypherpunks, “This book is not a manifesto. There isn’t time for that. This book is a warning.” I read it a few times over the past summer. Those opening lines definitely stood out to me. I wish we had listened back then. He saw something about the internet that few had the ability to see. There are some individuals who are so close to a topic that when they speak, it’s difficult for others who aren’t steeped in it to visualize what they’re talking about. I didn’t read the book until more recently. If I had read it when it came out, it probably would have sounded like an unknown foreign language to me. Today it makes more sense.

This isn’t a manifesto. This isn’t a book. There is no time for that. It’s a warning and a possible solution from a desperate and determined survivor advocate who has been pulling and unraveling a thread for a few years. At times, I feel too close to this topic to make any sense trying to convey my pathway to my conclusions or thoughts to the general public. My hope is that if nothing else, I can convey my sense of urgency while writing this. This piece is a watchman’s warning.

When a child steps online, they are walking into a new world. A new reality. When you hand a child the internet, you are handing them possibilities—good, bad, and ugly. This is a conversation about lowering the potential of negative outcomes of stepping into that new world and how I came to these conclusions. I constantly compare the internet to the road. You wouldn’t let a young child run out into the road with no guidance or safety precautions. When you hand a child the internet without any type of guidance or safety measures, you are allowing them to play in rush hour, oncoming traffic. “Look left, look right for cars before crossing.” We almost all have been taught that as children. What are we taught as humans about safety before stepping into a completely different reality like the internet? Very little.

I could never really figure out why many folks in tech, privacy rights activists, and hackers seemed so cold to me while talking about online child sexual exploitation. I always figured that as a survivor advocate for those affected by these crimes, that specific, skilled group of individuals would be very welcoming and easy to talk to about such serious topics. I actually had one hacker laugh in my face when I brought it up while I was looking for answers. I thought maybe this individual thought I was accusing them of something I wasn’t, so I felt bad for asking. I was constantly extremely disappointed and would ask myself, “Why don’t they care? What could I say to make them care more? What could I say to make them understand the crisis and the level of suffering that happens as a result of the problem?”

I have been serving minor survivors of online child sexual exploitation for years. My first case serving a survivor of this specific crime was in 2018—a 13-year-old girl sexually exploited by a serial predator on Snapchat. That was my first glimpse into this side of the internet. I won a national award for serving the minor survivors of Twitter in 2023, but I had been working on that specific project for a few years. I was nominated by a lawyer representing two survivors in a legal battle against the platform. I’ve never really spoken about this before, but at the time it was a choice for me between fighting Snapchat or Twitter. I chose Twitter—or rather, Twitter chose me. I heard about the story of John Doe #1 and John Doe #2, and I was so unbelievably broken over it that I went to war for multiple years. I was and still am royally pissed about that case. As far as I was concerned, the John Doe #1 case proved that whatever was going on with corporate tech social media was so out of control that I didn’t have time to wait, so I got to work. It was reading the messages that John Doe #1 sent to Twitter begging them to remove his sexual exploitation that broke me. He was a child begging adults to do something. A passion for justice and protecting kids makes you do wild things. I was desperate to find answers about what happened and searched for solutions. In the end, the platform Twitter was purchased. During the acquisition, I just asked Mr. Musk nicely to prioritize the issue of detection and removal of child sexual exploitation without violating digital privacy rights or eroding end-to-end encryption. Elon thanked me multiple times during the acquisition, made some changes, and I was thanked by others on the survivors’ side as well.

I still feel that even with the progress made, I really just scratched the surface with Twitter, now X. I left that passion project when I did for a few reasons. I wanted to give new leadership time to tackle the issue. Elon Musk made big promises that I knew would take a while to fulfill, but mostly I had been watching global legislation transpire around the issue, and frankly, the governments are willing to go much further with X and the rest of corporate tech than I ever would. My work begging Twitter to make changes with easier reporting of content, detection, and removal of child sexual exploitation material—without violating privacy rights or eroding end-to-end encryption—and advocating for the minor survivors of the platform went as far as my principles would have allowed. I’m grateful for that experience. I was still left with a nagging question: “How did things get so bad with Twitter where the John Doe #1 and John Doe #2 case was able to happen in the first place?” I decided to keep looking for answers. I decided to keep pulling the thread.

I never worked for Twitter. This is often confusing for folks. I will say that despite being disappointed in the platform’s leadership at times, I loved Twitter. I saw and still see its value. I definitely love the survivors of the platform, but I also loved the platform. I was a champion of the platform’s ability to give folks from virtually around the globe an opportunity to speak and be heard.

I want to be clear that John Doe #1 really is my why. He is the inspiration. I am writing this because of him. He represents so many globally, and I’m still inspired by his bravery. One child’s voice begging adults to do something—I’m an adult, I heard him. I’d go to war a thousand more lifetimes for that young man, and I don’t even know his name. Fighting has been personally dark at times; I’m not even going to try to sugarcoat it, but it has been worth it.

The data surrounding the very real crime of online child sexual exploitation is available to the public online at any time for anyone to see. I’d encourage you to go look at the data for yourself. I believe in encouraging folks to check multiple sources so that you understand the full picture. If you are uncomfortable just searching around the internet for information about this topic, use the terms “CSAM,” “CSEM,” “SG-CSEM,” or “AI Generated CSAM.” The numbers don’t lie—it’s a nightmare that’s out of control. It’s a big business. The demand is high, and unfortunately, business is booming. Organizations collect the data, tech companies often post their data, governments report frequently, and the corporate press has covered a decent portion of the conversation, so I’m sure you can find a source that you trust.

Technology is changing rapidly, which is great for innovation as a whole but horrible for the crime of online child sexual exploitation. Those wishing to exploit the vulnerable seem to be adapting to each technological change with ease. The governments are so far behind with tackling these issues that as I’m typing this, it’s borderline irrelevant to even include them while speaking about the crime or potential solutions. Technology is changing too rapidly, and their old, broken systems can’t even dare to keep up. Think of it like the governments’ “War on Drugs.” Drugs won. In this case as well, the governments are not winning. The governments are talking about maybe having a meeting on potentially maybe having legislation around the crimes. The time to have that meeting would have been many years ago. I’m not advocating for governments to legislate our way out of this. I’m on the side of educating and innovating our way out of this.

I have been clear while advocating for the minor survivors of corporate tech platforms that I would not advocate for any solution to the crime that would violate digital privacy rights or erode end-to-end encryption. That has been a personal moral position that I was unwilling to budge on. This is an extremely unpopular and borderline nonexistent position in the anti-human trafficking movement and online child protection space. I’m often fearful that I’m wrong about this. I have always thought that a better pathway forward would have been to incentivize innovation for detection and removal of content. I had no previous exposure to privacy rights activists or Cypherpunks—actually, I came to that conclusion by listening to the voices of MENA region political dissidents and human rights activists. After developing relationships with human rights activists from around the globe, I realized how important privacy rights and encryption are for those who need it most globally. I was simply unwilling to give more power, control, and opportunities for mass surveillance to big abusers like governments wishing to enslave entire nations and untrustworthy corporate tech companies to potentially end some portion of abuses online. On top of all of it, it has been clear to me for years that all potential solutions outside of violating digital privacy rights to detect and remove child sexual exploitation online have not yet been explored aggressively. I’ve been disappointed that there hasn’t been more of a conversation around preventing the crime from happening in the first place.

What has been tried is mass surveillance. In China, they are currently under mass surveillance both online and offline, and their behaviors are attached to a social credit score. Unfortunately, even on state-run and controlled social media platforms, they still have child sexual exploitation and abuse imagery pop up along with other crimes and human rights violations. They also have a thriving black market online due to the oppression from the state. In other words, even an entire loss of freedom and privacy cannot end the sexual exploitation of children online. It’s been tried. There is no reason to repeat this method.

It took me an embarrassingly long time to figure out why I always felt a slight coldness from those in tech and privacy-minded individuals about the topic of child sexual exploitation online. I didn’t have any clue about the “Four Horsemen of the Infocalypse.” This is a term coined by Timothy C. May in 1988. I would have been a child myself when he first said it. I actually laughed at myself when I heard the phrase for the first time. I finally got it. The Cypherpunks weren’t wrong about that topic. They were so spot on that it is borderline uncomfortable. I was mad at first that they knew that early during the birth of the internet that this issue would arise and didn’t address it. Then I got over it because I realized that it wasn’t their job. Their job was—is—to write code. Their job wasn’t to be involved and loving parents or survivor advocates. Their job wasn’t to educate children on internet safety or raise awareness; their job was to write code.

They knew that child sexual abuse material would be shared on the internet. They said what would happen—not in a gleeful way, but a prediction. Then it happened.

I equate it now to a concrete company laying down a road. As you’re pouring the concrete, you can say to yourself, “A terrorist might travel down this road to go kill many, and on the flip side, a beautiful child can be born in an ambulance on this road.” Who or what travels down the road is not their responsibility—they are just supposed to lay the concrete. I’d never go to a concrete pourer and ask them to solve terrorism that travels down roads. Under the current system, law enforcement should stop terrorists before they even make it to the road. The solution to this specific problem is not to treat everyone on the road like a terrorist or to not build the road.

So I understand the perceived coldness from those in tech. Not only was it not their job, but bringing up the topic was seen as the equivalent of asking a free person if they wanted to discuss one of the four topics—child abusers, terrorists, drug dealers, intellectual property pirates, etc.—that would usher in digital authoritarianism for all who are online globally.

Privacy rights advocates and groups have put up a good fight. They stood by their principles. Unfortunately, when it comes to corporate tech, I believe that the issue of privacy is almost a complete lost cause at this point. It’s still worth pushing back, but ultimately, it is a losing battle—a ticking time bomb.

I do think that corporate tech providers could have slowed down the inevitable loss of privacy at the hands of the state by prioritizing the detection and removal of CSAM when they all started online. I believe it would have bought some time, fewer would have been traumatized by that specific crime, and I do believe that it could have slowed down the demand for content. If I think too much about that, I’ll go insane, so I try to push the “if maybes” aside, but never knowing if it could have been handled differently will forever haunt me. At night when it’s quiet, I wonder what I would have done differently if given the opportunity. I’ll probably never know how much corporate tech knew and ignored in the hopes that it would go away while the problem continued to get worse. They had different priorities. The most voiceless and vulnerable exploited on corporate tech never had much of a voice, so corporate tech providers didn’t receive very much pushback.

Now I’m about to say something really wild, and you can call me whatever you want to call me, but I’m going to say what I believe to be true. I believe that the governments are either so incompetent that they allowed the proliferation of CSAM online, or they knowingly allowed the problem to fester long enough to have an excuse to violate privacy rights and erode end-to-end encryption. The US government could have seized the corporate tech providers over CSAM, but I believe that they were so useful as a propaganda arm for the regimes that they allowed them to continue virtually unscathed.

That season is done now, and the governments are making the issue a priority. It will come at a high cost. Privacy on corporate tech providers is virtually done as I’m typing this. It feels like a death rattle. I’m not particularly sure that we had much digital privacy to begin with, but the illusion of a veil of privacy feels gone.

To make matters slightly more complex, it would be hard to convince me that once AI really gets going, digital privacy will exist at all.

I believe that there should be a conversation shift to preserving freedoms and human rights in a post-privacy society.

I don’t want to get locked up because AI predicted a nasty post online from me about the government. I’m not a doomer about AI—I’m just going to roll with it personally. I’m looking forward to the positive changes that will be brought forth by AI. I see it as inevitable. A bit of privacy was helpful while it lasted. Please keep fighting to preserve what is left of privacy either way because I could be wrong about all of this.

On the topic of AI, the addition of AI to the horrific crime of child sexual abuse material and child sexual exploitation in multiple ways so far has been devastating. It’s currently out of control. The genie is out of the bottle. I am hopeful that innovation will get us humans out of this, but I’m not sure how or how long it will take. We must be extremely cautious around AI legislation. It should not be illegal to innovate even if some bad comes with the good. I don’t trust that the governments are equipped to decide the best pathway forward for AI. Source: the entire history of the government.

I have been personally negatively impacted by AI-generated content. Every few days, I get another alert that I’m featured again in what’s called “deep fake pornography” without my consent. I’m not happy about it, but what pains me the most is the thought that for a period of time down the road, many globally will experience what myself and others are experiencing now by being digitally sexually abused in this way. If you have ever had your picture taken and posted online, you are also at risk of being exploited in this way. Your child’s image can be used as well, unfortunately, and this is just the beginning of this particular nightmare. It will move to more realistic interpretations of sexual behaviors as technology improves. I have no brave words of wisdom about how to deal with that emotionally. I do have hope that innovation will save the day around this specific issue. I’m nervous that everyone online will have to ID verify due to this issue. I see that as one possible outcome that could help to prevent one problem but inadvertently cause more problems, especially for those living under authoritarian regimes or anyone who needs to remain anonymous online. A zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) would probably be the best solution to these issues. There are some survivors of violence and/or sexual trauma who need to remain anonymous online for various reasons. There are survivor stories available online of those who have been abused in this way. I’d encourage you seek out and listen to their stories.

There have been periods of time recently where I hesitate to say anything at all because more than likely AI will cover most of my concerns about education, awareness, prevention, detection, and removal of child sexual exploitation online, etc.

Unfortunately, some of the most pressing issues we’ve seen online over the last few years come in the form of “sextortion.” Self-generated child sexual exploitation (SG-CSEM) numbers are continuing to be terrifying. I’d strongly encourage that you look into sextortion data. AI + sextortion is also a huge concern. The perpetrators are using the non-sexually explicit images of children and putting their likeness on AI-generated child sexual exploitation content and extorting money, more imagery, or both from minors online. It’s like a million nightmares wrapped into one. The wild part is that these issues will only get more pervasive because technology is harnessed to perpetuate horror at a scale unimaginable to a human mind.

Even if you banned phones and the internet or tried to prevent children from accessing the internet, it wouldn’t solve it. Child sexual exploitation will still be with us until as a society we start to prevent the crime before it happens. That is the only human way out right now.

There is no reset button on the internet, but if I could go back, I’d tell survivor advocates to heed the warnings of the early internet builders and to start education and awareness campaigns designed to prevent as much online child sexual exploitation as possible. The internet and technology moved quickly, and I don’t believe that society ever really caught up. We live in a world where a child can be groomed by a predator in their own home while sitting on a couch next to their parents watching TV. We weren’t ready as a species to tackle the fast-paced algorithms and dangers online. It happened too quickly for parents to catch up. How can you parent for the ever-changing digital world unless you are constantly aware of the dangers?

I don’t think that the internet is inherently bad. I believe that it can be a powerful tool for freedom and resistance. I’ve spoken a lot about the bad online, but there is beauty as well. We often discuss how victims and survivors are abused online; we rarely discuss the fact that countless survivors around the globe have been able to share their experiences, strength, hope, as well as provide resources to the vulnerable. I do question if giving any government or tech company access to censorship, surveillance, etc., online in the name of serving survivors might not actually impact a portion of survivors negatively. There are a fair amount of survivors with powerful abusers protected by governments and the corporate press. If a survivor cannot speak to the press about their abuse, the only place they can go is online, directly or indirectly through an independent journalist who also risks being censored. This scenario isn’t hard to imagine—it already happened in China. During #MeToo, a survivor in China wanted to post their story. The government censored the post, so the survivor put their story on the blockchain. I’m excited that the survivor was creative and brave, but it’s terrifying to think that we live in a world where that situation is a necessity.

I believe that the future for many survivors sharing their stories globally will be on completely censorship-resistant and decentralized protocols. This thought in particular gives me hope. When we listen to the experiences of a diverse group of survivors, we can start to understand potential solutions to preventing the crimes from happening in the first place.

My heart is broken over the gut-wrenching stories of survivors sexually exploited online. Every time I hear the story of a survivor, I do think to myself quietly, “What could have prevented this from happening in the first place?” My heart is with survivors.

My head, on the other hand, is full of the understanding that the internet should remain free. The free flow of information should not be stopped. My mind is with the innocent citizens around the globe that deserve freedom both online and offline.

The problem is that governments don’t only want to censor illegal content that violates human rights—they create legislation that is so broad that it can impact speech and privacy of all. “Don’t you care about the kids?” Yes, I do. I do so much that I’m invested in finding solutions. I also care about all citizens around the globe that deserve an opportunity to live free from a mass surveillance society. If terrorism happens online, I should not be punished by losing my freedom. If drugs are sold online, I should not be punished. I’m not an abuser, I’m not a terrorist, and I don’t engage in illegal behaviors. I refuse to lose freedom because of others’ bad behaviors online.

I want to be clear that on a long enough timeline, the governments will decide that they can be better parents/caregivers than you can if something isn’t done to stop minors from being sexually exploited online. The price will be a complete loss of anonymity, privacy, free speech, and freedom of religion online. I find it rather insulting that governments think they’re better equipped to raise children than parents and caretakers.

So we can’t go backwards—all that we can do is go forward. Those who want to have freedom will find technology to facilitate their liberation. This will lead many over time to decentralized and open protocols. So as far as I’m concerned, this does solve a few of my worries—those who need, want, and deserve to speak freely online will have the opportunity in most countries—but what about online child sexual exploitation?

When I popped up around the decentralized space, I was met with the fear of censorship. I’m not here to censor you. I don’t write code. I couldn’t censor anyone or any piece of content even if I wanted to across the internet, no matter how depraved. I don’t have the skills to do that.

I’m here to start a conversation. Freedom comes at a cost. You must always fight for and protect your freedom. I can’t speak about protecting yourself from all of the Four Horsemen because I simply don’t know the topics well enough, but I can speak about this one topic.

If there was a shortcut to ending online child sexual exploitation, I would have found it by now. There isn’t one right now. I believe that education is the only pathway forward to preventing the crime of online child sexual exploitation for future generations.

I propose a yearly education course for every child of all school ages, taught as a standard part of the curriculum. Ideally, parents/caregivers would be involved in the education/learning process.

Course: - The creation of the internet and computers - The fight for cryptography - The tech supply chain from the ground up (example: human rights violations in the supply chain) - Corporate tech - Freedom tech - Data privacy - Digital privacy rights - AI (history-current) - Online safety (predators, scams, catfishing, extortion) - Bitcoin - Laws - How to deal with online hate and harassment - Information on who to contact if you are being abused online or offline - Algorithms - How to seek out the truth about news, etc., online

The parents/caregivers, homeschoolers, unschoolers, and those working to create decentralized parallel societies have been an inspiration while writing this, but my hope is that all children would learn this course, even in government ran schools. Ideally, parents would teach this to their own children.

The decentralized space doesn’t want child sexual exploitation to thrive. Here’s the deal: there has to be a strong prevention effort in order to protect the next generation. The internet isn’t going anywhere, predators aren’t going anywhere, and I’m not down to let anyone have the opportunity to prove that there is a need for more government. I don’t believe that the government should act as parents. The governments have had a chance to attempt to stop online child sexual exploitation, and they didn’t do it. Can we try a different pathway forward?

I’d like to put myself out of a job. I don’t want to ever hear another story like John Doe #1 ever again. This will require work. I’ve often called online child sexual exploitation the lynchpin for the internet. It’s time to arm generations of children with knowledge and tools. I can’t do this alone.

Individuals have fought so that I could have freedom online. I want to fight to protect it. I don’t want child predators to give the government any opportunity to take away freedom. Decentralized spaces are as close to a reset as we’ll get with the opportunity to do it right from the start. Start the youth off correctly by preventing potential hazards to the best of your ability.

The good news is anyone can work on this! I’d encourage you to take it and run with it. I added the additional education about the history of the internet to make the course more educational and fun. Instead of cleaning up generations of destroyed lives due to online sexual exploitation, perhaps this could inspire generations of those who will build our futures. Perhaps if the youth is armed with knowledge, they can create more tools to prevent the crime.

This one solution that I’m suggesting can be done on an individual level or on a larger scale. It should be adjusted depending on age, learning style, etc. It should be fun and playful.

This solution does not address abuse in the home or some of the root causes of offline child sexual exploitation. My hope is that it could lead to some survivors experiencing abuse in the home an opportunity to disclose with a trusted adult. The purpose for this solution is to prevent the crime of online child sexual exploitation before it occurs and to arm the youth with the tools to contact safe adults if and when it happens.

In closing, I went to hell a few times so that you didn’t have to. I spoke to the mothers of survivors of minors sexually exploited online—their tears could fill rivers. I’ve spoken with political dissidents who yearned to be free from authoritarian surveillance states. The only balance that I’ve found is freedom online for citizens around the globe and prevention from the dangers of that for the youth. Don’t slow down innovation and freedom. Educate, prepare, adapt, and look for solutions.

I’m not perfect and I’m sure that there are errors in this piece. I hope that you find them and it starts a conversation.

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

I want to see Nostr succeed. If you can think of a way I can help make that happen, I’m open to it. I’d like your suggestions.

My schedule’s shifting soon, and I could volunteer a few hours a week to a Nostr project. I won’t have more total time, but how I use it will change.

Why help? I care about freedom. Nostr’s one of the most powerful freedom tools I’ve seen in my lifetime. If I believe that, I should act on it.

I don’t care about money or sats. I’m not rich, I don’t have extra cash. That doesn’t drive me—freedom does. I’m volunteering, not asking for pay.

I’m not here for clout. I’ve had enough spotlight in my life; it doesn’t move me. If I wanted clout, I’d be on Twitter dropping basic takes. Clout’s easy. Freedom’s hard. I’d rather help anonymously. No speaking at events—small meetups are cool for the vibe, but big conferences? Not my thing. I’ll never hit a huge Bitcoin conference. It’s just not my scene.

That said, I could be convinced to step up if it’d really boost Nostr—as long as it’s legal and gets results.

In this space, I’d watch for social engineering. I watch out for it. I’m not here to make friends, just to help. No shade—you all seem great—but I’ve got a full life and awesome friends irl. I don’t need your crew or to be online cool. Connect anonymously if you want; I’d encourage it.

I’m sick of watching other social media alternatives grow while Nostr kinda stalls. I could trash-talk, but I’d rather do something useful.

Skills? I’m good at spotting social media problems and finding possible solutions. I won’t overhype myself—that’s weird—but if you’re responding, you probably see something in me. Perhaps you see something that I don’t see in myself.

If you need help now or later with Nostr projects, reach out. Nostr only—nothing else. Anonymous contact’s fine. Even just a suggestion on how I can pitch in, no project attached, works too. 💜

Creeps or harassment will get blocked or I’ll nuke my simplex code if it becomes a problem.

https://simplex.chat/contact#/?v=2-4&smp=smp%3A%2F%2FSkIkI6EPd2D63F4xFKfHk7I1UGZVNn6k1QWZ5rcyr6w%3D%40smp9.simplex.im%2FbI99B3KuYduH8jDr9ZwyhcSxm2UuR7j0%23%2F%3Fv%3D1-2%26dh%3DMCowBQYDK2VuAyEAS9C-zPzqW41PKySfPCEizcXb1QCus6AyDkTTjfyMIRM%253D%26srv%3Djssqzccmrcws6bhmn77vgmhfjmhwlyr3u7puw4erkyoosywgl67slqqd.onion

@ 1bc70a01:24f6a411

The heading to be

Testing apps, a tireless quest, Click and swipe, then poke the rest. Crashing bugs and broken flows, Hidden deep where logic goes.

Specs in hand, we watch and trace, Each edge case in its hiding place. From flaky taps to loading spins, The war on regressions slowly wins.

Push the build, review the log, One more fix, then clear the fog. For in each test, truth will unfold— A quiet tale of stable code.

This has been a test. Thanks for tuning in.

• one
• two
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---

Listen a chill

Tranquility

And leisure

@ d360efec:14907b5f

ความทรงจำเรานั้นเชื่อได้แน่หรือ ?

"เพราะจิตเราเกิดดับทุกเสี้ยววินาที ทุกความทรงจำจึงสร้างขึ้นมาใหม่เสมอ ดังนั้นมันก็ไม่เหมือนต้นฉบับเป็นธรรมดา แต่ยังคงเค้าโครงเดิมอยู่ ความเปลี่ยนแปลงจึงเป็นนิรันดร์ค่ะ" - Lina Engword

เรามักจะคิดว่าความทรงจำของเราคือการบันทึกเหตุการณ์ในอดีตไว้อย่างแม่นยำ เหมือนการดูวิดีโอ 📼 หรือเปิดไฟล์คอมพิวเตอร์ 💾 แต่ในความเป็นจริงแล้ว แนวคิดนี้อาจไม่ใช่ภาพที่สมบูรณ์ บทความที่เรานำมาวิเคราะห์นี้ได้นำเสนอข้อคิดที่น่าสนใจเกี่ยวกับธรรมชาติของความทรงจำมนุษย์ ความน่าเชื่อถือของมัน และเชื่อมโยงไปถึงความจำเป็นในการฝึกฝนจิตตามหลักพุทธศาสนาเพื่อเข้าถึงความจริงที่เที่ยงแท้ 🧘‍♀️🔍

ความทรงจำไม่ใช่การบันทึก แต่เป็นการสร้างใหม่ 🏗️🧩

ประเด็นสำคัญที่บทความชี้ให้เห็นคือ ความทรงจำของมนุษย์ไม่ได้ทำงานเหมือนการ "บันทึก" เหตุการณ์ไว้ตายตัว 📼❌ แต่เปรียบเสมือน "ชิ้นส่วนของโค้ด" 💻 ที่จะถูก "สร้างขึ้นใหม่" 🏗️ ทุกครั้งที่เราพยายามระลึกถึง นั่นหมายความว่า ทุกครั้งที่เราดึงความทรงจำเก่าๆ กลับมา มันไม่ใช่การเปิดไฟล์เดิมซ้ำๆ แต่เป็นการประกอบชิ้นส่วนเหล่านั้นขึ้นมาใหม่ในห้วงเวลานั้นๆ กระบวนการนี้เองที่เปิดโอกาสให้เกิดการ "เติมเต็ม" ✨ หรือ "แก้ไข" ✏️ ข้อมูลในความทรงจำอยู่เสมอ ทำให้ความทรงจำที่เราเพิ่งนึกถึงอาจไม่เหมือนกับความทรงจำครั้งก่อนหน้าเสียทีเดียว 🔄

การปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผลและความคุ้นเคย 🤔➕🏠

สิ่งที่น่าสนใจอย่างยิ่งคือ ในกระบวนการ "สร้างใหม่" หรือ "ประกอบ" ความทรงจำขึ้นมานี้ มนุษย์มักจะเติม "เหตุผล"💡 หรือใส่สิ่งที่ตนเอง "คุ้นเคย" 🏠 ลงไปในเรื่องราวที่ระลึกได้เสมอ แม้ว่าสิ่งเหล่านั้นอาจจะไม่ได้เกิดขึ้นจริงหรือไม่เกี่ยวข้องโดยตรงกับเหตุการณ์นั้นๆ ก็ตาม ยกตัวอย่างเช่น เมื่อเราเล่าเรื่องในอดีต เรามักจะอธิบายว่าทำไมเราถึงทำสิ่งนั้น หรือทำไมเหตุการณ์นี้ถึงเกิดขึ้น โดยใส่เหตุผลที่เราคิดว่าสมเหตุสมผลในปัจจุบันลงไป สิ่งนี้ทำให้เรื่องราวในความทรงจำของเราดูมีความเชื่อมโยงและฟังดู "จริง" ✅ มากขึ้นในสายตาของเราเอง

เมื่อเราใส่เหตุผลหรือรายละเอียดที่คุ้นเคยลงไปในความทรงจำบ่อยครั้งเข้า มันก็จะยิ่งทำให้เรา "เชื่อ" 👍 โดยสนิทใจว่าสิ่งที่เราระลึกได้นั้นคือความจริงทั้งหมด ทั้งที่ความเป็นจริงของเหตุการณ์ดั้งเดิมอาจแตกต่างออกไป 🤥 นี่คือสาเหตุว่าทำไมคนสองคนจึงอาจมีความทรงจำเกี่ยวกับเหตุการณ์เดียวกันที่แตกต่างกันอย่างสิ้นเชิง ซึ่งปรากฏการณ์นี้สามารถอธิบายได้ดีด้วยตัวอย่างคลาสสิกในภาพยนตร์เรื่อง "ราโชมอน" (Rashomon) 🎬 ที่นำเสนอเหตุการณ์เดียวผ่านมุมมองและความทรงจำของตัวละครที่ขัดแย้งกันอย่างสิ้นเชิง แต่ทุกคนต่างเชื่อในสิ่งที่ตนเองจำได้ว่าเป็นความจริง 🤔❓

เครื่องมือและกระบวนการช่วยตรวจสอบความจริง 📱📹📝🔍

จากข้อจำกัดโดยธรรมชาติของความทรงจำนี้เอง ทำให้เห็นว่าเราไม่สามารถพึ่งพาสิ่งที่ 'จำได้' เพียงอย่างเดียวได้หากต้องการเข้าถึงความจริงที่เที่ยงแท้ เราจึงจำเป็นต้องมี 'กระบวนการตรวจสอบ' 🤔🔍 มาช่วยยืนยันหรือแก้ไขข้อมูลในความทรงจำ

ในยุคปัจจุบัน เรามีเครื่องมือภายนอกมากมายที่ช่วยในกระบวนการนี้ เช่น กล้องจากสมาร์ทโฟน 📱 หรือกล้องวงจรปิด 📹 ที่บันทึกเหตุการณ์ต่างๆ ไว้ได้อย่างเป็นกลาง ทำให้เรามี 'หลักฐาน' 📄 ที่เป็นรูปธรรมไว้อ้างอิงเพื่อเปรียบเทียบกับความทรงจำส่วนตัว ซึ่งบ่อยครั้งสิ่งที่กล้องเห็นนั้น 'ตรงกับความจริง' ✅ ในมุมมองที่ปราศจากอคติมากกว่าสิ่งที่ใจเราจำได้ การจดบันทึกด้วยเสียง 🎤 หรือการจดบันทึกเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร 📝 ในทันที ก็เป็นอีกวิธีหนึ่งที่ช่วย 'ตรึง' ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นไว้ได้ระดับหนึ่งเช่นกัน ✍️

นอกจากเครื่องมือภายนอกแล้ว 'กระบวนการตรวจสอบเชิงจิตวิทยา' 🤔🧠 ที่เป็นระบบ ก็สามารถช่วยให้มนุษย์ค้นพบความจริงได้เช่นกัน ไม่ว่าจะเป็นกระบวนการซักถามในเชิงนิติวิทยาศาสตร์ 👮‍♀️ หรือแม้กระทั่งการฝึกฝนจิตเพื่อให้สามารถสังเกตการณ์ทำงานของตนเองได้อย่างละเอียดลึกซึ้ง ซึ่งนำเราไปสู่แนวคิดตามหลักพุทธศาสนา...

ทำไมพุทธศาสนาจึงสอนไม่ให้เชื่อแม้เป็นความคิดตัวเอง? 🙏🧠❌

จากธรรมชาติของความทรงจำและกระบวนการปรุงแต่งของจิตใจที่อธิบายมานี้เอง ทำให้เราเห็นความเชื่อมโยงกับหลักคำสอนในพุทธศาสนา 🙏 ที่เน้นย้ำให้เรา "ไม่เชื่อแม้แต่ความคิดตัวเอง" 🧠❌ อย่างปราศจากการพิจารณา เพราะความคิด อารมณ์ ความทรงจำ หรือแม้แต่ความรู้สึกมั่นใจอย่างแรงกล้าที่เรามีนั้น อาจถูกสร้างขึ้นหรือปรุงแต่งโดยกลไกของจิตใจที่ไม่ได้สะท้อนความจริงทั้งหมด 🤥

พุทธศาสนาชี้ให้เห็นว่า การจะเข้าถึงความจริงที่แท้จริงได้นั้น 🔍 จำเป็นต้องมีกระบวนการตรวจสอบภายในจิตใจ เปรียบเสมือนการสร้าง "อัลกอริทึม" 🤖 เพื่อตรวจทานว่าสิ่งที่เราคิดหรือจำได้นั้นเป็นความจริงหรือไม่ ✅❌ การจะทำเช่นนี้ได้ ไม่ใช่เรื่องง่าย และต้องอาศัยการฝึกฝนจิตอย่าง "สมาธิอย่างมาก" 🧘‍♂️🧘‍♀️ เพื่อให้จิตมีความตั้งมั่น เป็นระบบ และสามารถ "เห็นการดำเนินไปของจิตได้อย่างเป็นระบบ" 👀🔬 เห็นว่าจิตปรุงแต่งความทรงจำอย่างไร เห็นว่าเหตุผลที่เราใส่เข้าไปนั้นจริงหรือไม่ เป็นเพียงการตีความ หรือเป็นเพียงสิ่งที่ใจเราอยากให้เป็น

บทความยังกล่าวเสริมว่า ความทรงจำที่ "สด" ✨ หรือใกล้เคียงกับเวลาที่เกิดเหตุการณ์นั้นมักจะมีความน่าเชื่อถือมากกว่า 👍 แม้จะดู "ดิบๆ" หรือไม่ผ่านการปรุงแต่งมากนัก ซึ่งสอดคล้องกับแนวคิดที่ว่ายิ่งระยะเวลาผ่านไปนานเท่าไหร่ ⏳ ยิ่งมีการเรียกคืนความทรงจำนั้นๆ บ่อยครั้ง ความทรงจำก็ยิ่งมีโอกาสถูกแก้ไข เติมเต็ม หรือปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผลและความคุ้นเคยมากขึ้นเท่านั้น 🔄✏️

"ใดๆในโลกนั้นคือสมมุติ ความคิดความทรงจำ ก็เป็นสมมุติเพียง แต่เราต้องรู้จักใช้สมมุติให้เป็นประโยชน์ และรู้จักใช้มันให้เป็นเพื่อดำรงอยู่บนโลก"

สรุป ✨🧠🔍

โดยสรุปแล้ว บทความนี้เตือนใจเราว่า ความทรงจำของเราไม่ใช่กล้องวิดีโอที่บันทึกทุกอย่างไว้แม่นยำ 📼❌ แต่เป็นกระบวนการสร้างสรรค์ที่ซับซ้อนซึ่งมีแนวโน้มที่จะถูกปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผล ความคุ้นเคย และการตีความของเราเอง 🏗️🤔🏠 ความมั่นใจที่เรามีต่อสิ่งที่จำได้นั้น ไม่ได้เป็นหลักประกันว่าเป็นความจริงเสมอไป 👍🤥

การตระหนักถึงธรรมชาติข้อนี้ของจิต และการใช้เครื่องมือภายนอก 📱📹📝 รวมถึงการฝึกฝนจิตให้สามารถสังเกตการณ์ทำงานของมันได้อย่างละเอียดรอบคอบตามหลักพุทธศาสนา 🙏🧘‍♀️ จึงเป็นกุญแจสำคัญที่จะช่วยให้เราสามารถแยกแยะระหว่าง "ความจริง" ✅ กับ "สิ่งที่จิตปรุงแต่งขึ้น" 🤥 ได้มากขึ้น และช่วยให้เราเข้าใกล้ความเข้าใจในธรรมชาติของสรรพสิ่งได้อย่างเที่ยงตรง ไม่หลงติดอยู่ในวังวนของความทรงจำและความคิดที่อาจบิดเบือนไปจากความเป็นจริง 🔄

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**#ความทรงจำ #จิตวิทยา #พุทธศาสนา #สมอง #สมาธิ #การฝึกจิต #ราโชมอน #ความจริง #ไม่เชื่อความคิด #ธรรมชาติของจิต #พัฒนาตนเอง #บทความน่ารู้ #เทคโนโลยี #บันทึกความจริง #พระอภิธรรม #พระหฤทัยสูตร #LinaEngword **

@ 3b3a42d3:d192e325

Atomic Signature Swaps (ASS) over Nostr is a protocol for atomically exchanging Schnorr signatures using Nostr events for orchestration. This new primitive enables multiple interesting applications like:

• Getting paid to publish specific Nostr events
• Issuing automatic payment receipts
• Contract signing in exchange for payment
• P2P asset exchanges
• Trading and enforcement of asset option contracts
• Payment in exchange for Nostr-based credentials or access tokens
• Exchanging GMs 🌞

It only requires that (i) the involved signatures be Schnorr signatures using the secp256k1 curve and that (ii) at least one of those signatures be accessible to both parties. These requirements are naturally met by Nostr events (published to relays), Taproot transactions (published to the mempool and later to the blockchain), and Cashu payments (using mints that support NUT-07, allowing any pair of these signatures to be swapped atomically.

How the Cryptographic Magic Works 🪄

This is a Schnorr signature (Zₓ, s):

s = z + H(Zₓ || P || m)⋅k

If you haven't seen it before, don't worry, neither did I until three weeks ago.

The signature scalar s is the the value a signer with private key k (and public key P = k⋅G) must calculate to prove his commitment over the message m given a randomly generated nonce z (Zₓ is just the x-coordinate of the public point Z = z⋅G). H is a hash function (sha256 with the tag "BIP0340/challenge" when dealing with BIP340), || just means to concatenate and G is the generator point of the elliptic curve, used to derive public values from private ones.

Now that you understand what this equation means, let's just rename z = r + t. We can do that, z is just a randomly generated number that can be represented as the sum of two other numbers. It also follows that z⋅G = r⋅G + t⋅G ⇔ Z = R + T. Putting it all back into the definition of a Schnorr signature we get:

s = (r + t) + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k

Which is the same as:

s = sₐ + t where sₐ = r + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k

sₐ is what we call the adaptor signature scalar) and t is the secret. ((R + T)ₓ, sₐ) is an incomplete signature that just becomes valid by add the secret t to the sₐ:

s = sₐ + t

What is also important for our purposes is that by getting access to the valid signature s, one can also extract t from it by just subtracting sₐ:

t = s - sₐ

The specific value of t depends on our choice of the public point T, since R is just a public point derived from a randomly generated nonce r.

So how do we choose T so that it requires the secret t to be the signature over a specific message m' by an specific public key P'? (without knowing the value of t)

Let's start with the definition of t as a valid Schnorr signature by P' over m':

t = r' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅k' ⇔ t⋅G = r'⋅G + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅k'⋅G

That is the same as:

T = R' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅P'

Notice that in order to calculate the appropriate T that requires t to be an specific signature scalar, we only need to know the public nonce R' used to generate that signature.

In summary: in order to atomically swap Schnorr signatures, one party P' must provide a public nonce R', while the other party P must provide an adaptor signature using that nonce:

sₐ = r + H((R + T)ₓ || P || m)⋅k where T = R' + H(R'ₓ || P' || m')⋅P'

P' (the nonce provider) can then add his own signature t to the adaptor signature sₐ in order to get a valid signature by P, i.e. s = sₐ + t. When he publishes this signature (as a Nostr event, Cashu transaction or Taproot transaction), it becomes accessible to P that can now extract the signature t by P' and also make use of it.

Important considerations

A signature may not be useful at the end of the swap if it unlocks funds that have already been spent, or that are vulnerable to fee bidding wars.

When a swap involves a Taproot UTXO, it must always use a 2-of-2 multisig timelock to avoid those issues.

Cashu tokens do not require this measure when its signature is revealed first, because the mint won't reveal the other signature if they can't be successfully claimed, but they also require a 2-of-2 multisig timelock when its signature is only revealed last (what is unavoidable in cashu for cashu swaps).

For Nostr events, whoever receives the signature first needs to publish it to at least one relay that is accessible by the other party. This is a reasonable expectation in most cases, but may be an issue if the event kind involved is meant to be used privately.

How to Orchestrate the Swap over Nostr?

Before going into the specific event kinds, it is important to recognize what are the requirements they must meet and what are the concerns they must address. There are mainly three requirements:

• Both parties must agree on the messages they are going to sign
• One party must provide a public nonce
• The other party must provide an adaptor signature using that nonce

There is also a fundamental asymmetry in the roles of both parties, resulting in the following significant downsides for the party that generates the adaptor signature:

• NIP-07 and remote signers do not currently support the generation of adaptor signatures, so he must either insert his nsec in the client or use a fork of another signer
• There is an overhead of retrieving the completed signature containing the secret, either from the blockchain, mint endpoint or finding the appropriate relay
• There is risk he may not get his side of the deal if the other party only uses his signature privately, as I have already mentioned
• There is risk of losing funds by not extracting or using the signature before its timelock expires. The other party has no risk since his own signature won't be exposed by just not using the signature he received.

The protocol must meet all those requirements, allowing for some kind of role negotiation and while trying to reduce the necessary hops needed to complete the swap.

Swap Proposal Event (kind:455)

This event enables a proposer and his counterparty to agree on the specific messages whose signatures they intend to exchange. The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{     "give": <signature spec (required)>,     "take": <signature spec (required)>,     "exp": <expiration timestamp (optional)>,     "role": "<adaptor | nonce (optional)>",     "description": "<Info about the proposal (optional)>",     "nonce": "<Signature public nonce (optional)>",     "enc_s": "<Encrypted signature scalar (optional)>" }

The field role indicates what the proposer will provide during the swap, either the nonce or the adaptor. When this optional field is not provided, the counterparty may decide whether he will send a nonce back in a Swap Nonce event or a Swap Adaptor event using the nonce (optionally) provided by in the Swap Proposal in order to avoid one hop of interaction.

The enc_s field may be used to store the encrypted scalar of the signature associated with the nonce, since this information is necessary later when completing the adaptor signature received from the other party.

A signature spec specifies the type and all necessary information for producing and verifying a given signature. In the case of signatures for Nostr events, it contain a template with all the fields, except pubkey, id and sig:

{ "type": "nostr", "template": { "kind": "<kind>"        "content": "<content>"        "tags": [ … ],        "created_at": "<created_at>" } }

In the case of Cashu payments, a simplified signature spec just needs to specify the payment amount and an array of mints trusted by the proposer:

{   "type": "cashu",   "amount": "<amount>",   "mint": ["<acceptable mint_url>", …] }

This works when the payer provides the adaptor signature, but it still needs to be extended to also work when the payer is the one receiving the adaptor signature. In the later case, the signature spec must also include a timelock and the derived public keys Y of each Cashu Proof, but for now let's just ignore this situation. It should be mentioned that the mint must be trusted by both parties and also support Token state check (NUT-07) for revealing the completed adaptor signature and P2PK spending conditions (NUT-11) for the cryptographic scheme to work.

The tags are:

• "p", the proposal counterparty's public key (required)
• "a", a kind:30455 Swap Listing event or an application specific version of it (optional)

Forget about this Swap Listing event for now, I will get to it later...

Swap Nonce Event (kind:456) - Optional

This is an optional event for the Swap Proposal receiver to provide the public nonce of his signature when the proposal does not include a nonce or when he does not want to provide the adaptor signature due to the downsides previously mentioned. The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{     "nonce": "<Signature public nonce>",     "enc_s": "<Encrypted signature scalar (optional)>" }

And the tags must contain:

• "e", a kind:455 Swap Proposal Event (required)
• "p", the counterparty's public key (required)

Swap Adaptor Event (kind:457)

The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{ "adaptors": [ {         "sa": "<Adaptor signature scalar>",         "R": "<Signer's public nonce (including parity byte)>",         "T": "<Adaptor point (including parity byte)>",         "Y": "<Cashu proof derived public key (if applicable)>",     }, …],     "cashu": "<Cashu V4 token (if applicable)>" }

And the tags must contain:

• "e", a kind:455 Swap Proposal Event (required)
• "p", the counterparty's public key (required)

Discoverability

The Swap Listing event previously mentioned as an optional tag in the Swap Proposal may be used to find an appropriate counterparty for a swap. It allows a user to announce what he wants to accomplish, what his requirements are and what is still open for negotiation.

Swap Listing Event (kind:30455)

The content field is the following stringified JSON:

{ "description": "<Information about the listing (required)>", "give": <partial signature spec (optional)>, "take": <partial signature spec (optional)>, "examples: [<take signature spec>], // optional "exp": <expiration timestamp (optional)>, "role": "<adaptor | nonce (optional)>" }

The description field describes the restrictions on counterparties and signatures the user is willing to accept.

A partial signature spec is an incomplete signature spec used in Swap Proposal events kind:455 where omitting fields signals that they are still open for negotiation.

The examples field is an array of signature specs the user would be willing to take.

The tags are:

• "d", a unique listing id (required)
• "s", the status of the listing draft | open | closed (required)
• "t", topics related to this listing (optional)
• "p", public keys to notify about the proposal (optional)

Application Specific Swap Listings

Since Swap Listings are still fairly generic, it is expected that specific use cases define new event kinds based on the generic listing. Those application specific swap listing would be easier to filter by clients and may impose restrictions and add new fields and/or tags. The following are some examples under development:

Sponsored Events

This listing is designed for users looking to promote content on the Nostr network, as well as for those who want to monetize their accounts by sharing curated sponsored content with their existing audiences.

It follows the same format as the generic Swap Listing event, but uses the kind:30456 instead.

The following new tags are included:

• "k", event kind being sponsored (required)
• "title", campaign title (optional)

It is required that at least one signature spec (give and/or take) must have "type": "nostr" and also contain the following tag ["sponsor", "<pubkey>", "<attestation>"] with the sponsor's public key and his signature over the signature spec without the sponsor tag as his attestation. This last requirement enables clients to disclose and/or filter sponsored events.

Asset Swaps

This listing is designed for users looking for counterparties to swap different assets that can be transferred using Schnorr signatures, like any unit of Cashu tokens, Bitcoin or other asset IOUs issued using Taproot.

It follows the same format as the generic Swap Listing event, but uses the kind:30457 instead.

It requires the following additional tags:

• "t", asset pair to be swapped (e.g. "btcusd")
• "t", asset being offered (e.g. "btc")
• "t", accepted payment method (e.g. "cashu", "taproot")

Swap Negotiation

From finding an appropriate Swap Listing to publishing a Swap Proposal, there may be some kind of negotiation between the involved parties, e.g. agreeing on the amount to be paid by one of the parties or the exact content of a Nostr event signed by the other party. There are many ways to accomplish that and clients may implement it as they see fit for their specific goals. Some suggestions are:

• Adding kind:1111 Comments to the Swap Listing or an existing Swap Proposal
• Exchanging tentative Swap Proposals back and forth until an agreement is reached
• Simple exchanges of DMs
• Out of band communication (e.g. Signal)

Work to be done

I've been refining this specification as I develop some proof-of-concept clients to experience its flaws and trade-offs in practice. I left the signature spec for Taproot signatures out of the current document as I still have to experiment with it. I will probably find some important orchestration issues related to dealing with 2-of-2 multisig timelocks, which also affects Cashu transactions when spent last, that may require further adjustments to what was presented here.

The main goal of this article is to find other people interested in this concept and willing to provide valuable feedback before a PR is opened in the NIPs repository for broader discussions.

References

• GM Swap- Nostr client for atomically exchanging GM notes. Live demo available here.
• Sig4Sats Script - A Typescript script demonstrating the swap of a Cashu payment for a signed Nostr event.
• Loudr- Nostr client under development for sponsoring the publication of Nostr events. Live demo available at loudr.me.
• Poelstra, A. (2017). Scriptless Scripts. Blockstream Research. https://github.com/BlockstreamResearch/scriptless-scripts

@ 1bc70a01:24f6a411

Untype Update

I cleaned up the AI assistant UX. Now you can open it in the editor bar, same as all other actions. This makes it a lot easier to interact with while having access to normal edit functions.

AI-generated content

Untype uses OpenRouter to connect to various models to generate just about anything. It doesn't do images for now, but I'm working on that.

Automatic Title, Summary and Tag Suggestions

Added the functionality to generate titles, summaries and tags with one click.

A Brief Preview

Here is a little story I generated in Untype, ABOUT Untype:

This story was generated in Untype

Once upon a time, in the bustling digital city of Techlandia, there lived a quirky AI named Untype. Unlike other software, Untype wasn't just your everyday article composer — it had a nose for news, quite literally. Untype was equipped with a masterful talent for sniffing out the latest trends and stories wafting through the vast digital ether.

Untype had a peculiar look about it. Sporting a gigantic nose and a pair of spectacles perched just above it, Untype roamed the virtual city, inhaling the freshest gossip and spiciest stories. Its nostr-powered sensors twitched and tickled as it encountered every new scent.

One day, while wandering around the pixelated park, Untype caught a whiff of something extraordinary — a scandalous scoop involving Techlandia's mayor, Doc Processor, who had been spotted recycling old memes as new content. The scent trail was strong, and Untype's nose twitched with excitement.

With a flick of its AI function, Untype began weaving the story into a masterpiece. Sentences flowed like fine wine, infused with humor sharper than a hacker’s focus. "Doc Processor," Untype mused to itself, "tried to buffer his way out of this one with a cache of recycled gifs!"

As Untype typed away, its digital friends, Grammarly the Grammar Gremlin and Canva the Artful Pixie, gathered around to watch the genius at work. "You truly have a knack for news-sniffing," complimented Grammarly, adjusting its tiny monocle. Canva nodded, painting whimsical illustrations to accompany the hilarious exposé.

The article soon spread through Techlandia faster than a virus with a strong wifi signal. The townsfolk roared with laughter at Untype’s clever wit, and even Doc Processor couldn't help but chuckle through his embarrassment.

From that day on, Untype was celebrated not just as a composer but as Techlandia's most revered and humorous news-sniffer. With every sniff and click of its AI functions, Untype proved that in the world of digital creations, sometimes news really was just a nose away.

@ b8851a06:9b120ba1

It Begins with a Click

It starts with a click: “Do you agree to our terms and conditions?”\ You scroll, you click, you comply. A harmless act, right? But what if every click was a surrender? What if every "yes" was another link in the chain binding you to a life where freedom requires approval?

This is the age of permission. Every aspect of your life is mediated by gatekeepers. Governments demand forms, corporations demand clicks, and algorithms demand obedience. You’re free, of course, as long as you play by the rules. But who writes the rules? Who decides what’s allowed? Who owns your life?

---

Welcome to Digital Serfdom

We once imagined the internet as a digital frontier—a vast, open space where ideas could flow freely and innovation would know no bounds. But instead of creating a decentralized utopia, we built a new feudal system.

• Your data? Owned by the lords of Big Tech.
• Your money? Controlled by banks and bureaucrats who can freeze it on a whim.
• Your thoughts? Filtered by algorithms that reward conformity and punish dissent.

The modern internet is a land of serfs and lords, and guess who’s doing the farming? You. Every time you agree to the terms, accept the permissions, or let an algorithm decide for you, you till the fields of a system designed to control, not liberate.

They don’t call it control, of course. They call it “protection.” They say, “We’re keeping you safe,” as they build a cage so big you can’t see the bars.

---

Freedom in Chains

But let’s be honest: we’re not just victims of this system—we’re participants. We’ve traded freedom for convenience, sovereignty for security. It’s easier to click “I Agree” than to read the fine print. It’s easier to let someone else hold your money than to take responsibility for it yourself. It’s easier to live a life of quiet compliance than to risk the chaos of true independence.

We tell ourselves it’s no big deal. What’s one click? What’s one form? But the permissions pile up. The chains grow heavier. And one day, you wake up and realize you’re free to do exactly what the system allows—and nothing more.

---

The Great Unpermissioning

It doesn’t have to be this way. You don’t need their approval. You don’t need their systems. You don’t need their permission.

The Great Unpermissioning is not a movement—it’s a mindset. It’s the refusal to accept a life mediated by gatekeepers. It’s the quiet rebellion of saying, “No.” It’s the realization that the freedom you seek won’t be granted—it must be reclaimed.

• Stop asking. Permission is their tool. Refusal is your weapon.
• Start building. Embrace tools that decentralize power: Bitcoin, encryption, open-source software, decentralized communication. Build systems they can’t control.
• Stand firm. They’ll tell you it’s dangerous. They’ll call you a radical. But remember: the most dangerous thing you can do is comply.

The path won’t be easy. Freedom never is. But it will be worth it.

---

The New Frontier

The age of permission has turned us into digital serfs, but there’s a new frontier on the horizon. It’s a world where you control your money, your data, your decisions. It’s a world of encryption, anonymity, and sovereignty. It’s a world built not on permission but on principles.

This world won’t be given to you. You have to build it. You have to fight for it. And it starts with one simple act: refusing to comply.

---

A Final Word

They promised us safety, but what they delivered was submission. The age of permission has enslaved us to the mundane, the monitored, and the mediocre. The Great Unpermissioning isn’t about tearing down the old world—it’s about walking away from it.

You don’t need to wait for their approval. You don’t need to ask for their permission. The freedom you’re looking for is already yours. Permission is their power—refusal is yours.

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

Autor: Caitlin Johnstone. Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier. Die neuesten Pareto-Artikel finden Sie in unserem Telegram-Kanal.

---

Die neuesten Artikel der Friedenstaube gibt es jetzt auch im eigenen Friedenstaube-Telegram-Kanal.

---

Sie schicken Milliardäre und Popstars ins All, während der Planet brennt und Amerikaner ihr Insulin rationieren.

Es gibt Firmen, die KI-Liebhaber an einsame Menschen vermarkten und dabei ihre Daten ernten.

Gestern Nacht bombardierte Israel ein Zeltlager in Gaza, Frauen und Kinder verbrannten lebendig.

Dies ist ein seltsamer, dunkler Ort. Seltsame, dunkle Zeiten in einer seltsamen, dunklen Welt.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die, die gestorben sind.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die, die innerlich tot sind.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die, die Algorithmen in den Augen tragen.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die, die KI in ihren Seelen tragen.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die schreienden roten Kinder.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die stummen grauen Kinder.

Zünde eine Kerze an für den Großen Pazifischen Müllstrudel.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Lieder der Wale.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Herzen wie gegossenes Blei.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Herzen wie überfahrene Wallabys.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Herzen wie Weihrauchkathedralen.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Herzen wie nasse Himmel.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Eier in unseren Brustkörben.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Samen in unseren Köpfen.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die Atompilzwolke am Horizont.

Zünde eine Kerze an für die schlafenden Buddhas.

Ich stehe da, mit offenem Mund und trockenem Hals, in einer Welt, die ich nicht verstehe, auf dem Weg in eine Zukunft, die ich nicht erkenne.

Feuerlicht tanzt an meiner Wand — von den Kerzen, oder vielleicht von Gaza, oder vielleicht von der Biosphäre, oder vielleicht von irgendwo unter meiner Haut.

Dieser Text erschien zuerst auf englisch auf dem Substack-Blog der Autorin.

(Den Text kann man hier als Kurzlink abrufen und teilen.)

---

LASSEN SIE DER FRIEDENSTAUBE FLÜGEL WACHSEN!

Hier können Sie die Friedenstaube abonnieren und bekommen die Artikel zugesandt.

Schon jetzt können Sie uns unterstützen:

• Für 50 CHF/EURO bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo der Friedenstaube.
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• Für 500 CHF/EURO werden Sie Förderer und bekommen ein lebenslanges Abo sowie ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube.
• Ab 1000 CHF werden Sie Genossenschafter der Friedenstaube mit Stimmrecht (und bekommen lebenslanges Abo, T-Shirt/Hoodie).

Für Einzahlungen in CHF (Betreff: Friedenstaube):

Für Einzahlungen in Euro:

Milosz Matuschek

IBAN DE 53710520500000814137

BYLADEM1TST

Sparkasse Traunstein-Trostberg

Betreff: Friedenstaube

Wenn Sie auf anderem Wege beitragen wollen, schreiben Sie die Friedenstaube an: friedenstaube@pareto.space

---

Sie sind noch nicht auf Nostr and wollen die volle Erfahrung machen (liken, kommentieren etc.)? Zappen können Sie den Autor auch ohne Nostr-Profil! Erstellen Sie sich einen Account auf Start. Weitere Onboarding-Leitfäden gibt es im Pareto-Wiki.

@ b8851a06:9b120ba1

Brett Scott’s recent metaphor of Bitcoin as a wrestling gimmick, reliant on hype and dollar-dependence, reduces a groundbreaking monetary innovation to shallow theatrics. Let’s address his key missteps with hard facts.

---

1. Bitcoin Isn’t an Asset in the System—It’s the System

Scott claims Bitcoin competes with stocks, bonds, and gold in a financial "wrestling ring." This misrepresents Bitcoin’s purpose: it’s not an investment vehicle but a decentralized monetary network. Unlike assets, Bitcoin enables permissionless global value transfer, censorship resistance, and self-sovereign wealth storage—capabilities fiat currencies cannot match.

Fact: Bitcoin processes over $8 billion in daily transactions, settling more value annually than PayPal and Venmo combined. It isn’t competing with assets but offering an alternative to the monetary system itself.

---

2. Volatility Is Growth, Not Failure

Scott critiques Bitcoin’s price volatility as evidence of its unsuitability as "money." However, volatility is a natural stage in the adoption of transformative technology. Bitcoin is scaling from niche use to global recognition. Its growing liquidity and adoption already make it more stable than fiat in inflationary economies.

Fact: Bitcoin’s annualized volatility has decreased by 53% since 2013 and continues to stabilize as adoption rises. It’s the best-performing asset of the last decade, with an average annual ROI of 147%—far outpacing stocks, gold, and real estate. As of February 2024, Bitcoin's volatility was lower than roughly 900 stocks in the S and P 1500 and 190 stocks in the S and P 500. It continues to stabilize as adoption rises, making it an increasingly attractive store of value.

---

3. Bitcoin’s Utility Extends Beyond Countertrade

Scott diminishes Bitcoin to a "countertrade token," reliant on its dollar price. This ignores Bitcoin’s primary functions:

• Medium of exchange: Used in remittances, cross-border payments, and for the unbanked in Africa today (e.g., Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya).
• Store of value: A hedge against inflation and failing fiat systems (e.g., Argentina, Lebanon, Turkey).
• Decentralized reserve asset: Held by over 1,500 public and private institutions, including Tesla, MicroStrategy, and nations like El Salvador.

Fact: Lightning Network adoption has grown 1,500% in capacity since 2021, enabling microtransactions and reducing fees—making Bitcoin increasingly viable for everyday use. As of December 2024, Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 2.7% of global cryptocurrency transaction volume, with Nigeria ranking second worldwide in crypto adoption. This demonstrates Bitcoin's real-world utility beyond mere speculation.

---

4. Bitcoin Isn’t Controlled by the Dollar

Scott suggests Bitcoin strengthens the dollar system rather than challenging it. In truth, Bitcoin exists outside the control of any nation-state. It offers people in authoritarian regimes and hyperinflationary economies a lifeline when their local currencies fail.

Fact: Over 70% of Bitcoin transactions occur outside the U.S., with adoption highest in countries like Nigeria, India, Venezuela, China, the USA and Ukraine—where the dollar isn’t dominant but government overreach and fiat collapse are. This global distribution shows Bitcoin's independence from dollar dominance.

---

5. Hype vs. Adoption

Scott mocks Bitcoin’s evangelists but fails to acknowledge its real-world traction. Bitcoin adoption isn’t driven by hype but by trustless, verifiable technology solving real-world problems. People don’t buy Bitcoin for "kayfabe"; they buy it for what it does.

Fact: Bitcoin wallets reached 500 million globally in 2023. El Salvador’s Chivo wallet onboarded 4 million users (60% of the population) within a year—far from a gimmick in action. As of December 2024, El Salvador's Bitcoin portfolio has crossed $632 million in value, with an unrealized profit of $362 million, demonstrating tangible benefits beyond hype.

---

6. The Dollar’s Coercive Monopoly vs. Bitcoin’s Freedom

Scott defends fiat money as more than "just numbers," backed by state power. He’s correct: fiat relies on coercion, legal mandates, and inflationary extraction. Bitcoin, by contrast, derives value from transparent scarcity (capped at 21 million coins) and decentralized consensus, not military enforcement or political whims.

Fact: Bitcoin’s inflation rate is just 1.8%—lower than gold or the U.S. dollar—and will approach 0% by 2140. No fiat currency can match this predictability. As of December 2024, Bitcoin processes an average of 441,944 transactions per day, showcasing its growing role as a global, permissionless monetary system free from centralized control.

---

Conclusion: The Revolution Is Real

Scott’s "wrestling gimmick" analogy trivializes Bitcoin’s purpose and progress. Bitcoin isn’t just a speculative asset—it’s the first truly decentralized, apolitical form of money. Whether as a hedge against inflation, a tool for financial inclusion, or a global settlement network, Bitcoin is transforming how we think about money.

Dismiss it as a gimmick at your peril. The world doesn’t need another asset—it needs Bitcoin.

"If you don't believe me or don't get it, I don't have time to try to convince you, sorry." Once Satoshi said.

There is no second best.

@ 3ffac3a6:2d656657

🔧 Infrastructure Overview

• Hardware: Raspberry Pi 5 with PCIe NVMe HAT and 2TB NVMe SSD
• Filesystem: ZFS with separate datasets for each service
• Networking: Docker bridge networks for service segmentation
• Privacy: Tor and I2P routing for anonymous communication
• Public Access: Cloudflare Tunnel to securely expose LNbits

📊 Architecture Diagram

🛠️ Setup Steps

1. Prepare the System

• Install Raspberry Pi OS (64-bit)
• Set up ZFS on the NVMe disk
• Create a ZFS dataset for each service (e.g., bitcoin, lnd, rtl, lnbits, tor-data)
• Install Docker and Docker Compose

2. Create Shared Docker Network and Privacy Layers

Create a shared Docker bridge network: bash docker network create \ --driver=bridge \ --subnet=192.168.100.0/24 \ bitcoin-net

Note: Connect bitcoind, lnd, rtl, internal lnbits, tor, and i2p to this bitcoin-net network.

Tor

• Run Tor in a container
• Configure it to expose LND's gRPC and REST ports via hidden services: HiddenServicePort 10009 192.168.100.31:10009 HiddenServicePort 8080 192.168.100.31:8080
• Set correct permissions: bash sudo chown -R 102:102 /zfs/datasets/tor-data

I2P

• Run I2P in a container with SAM and SOCKS proxies
• Update bitcoin.conf: i2psam=192.168.100.20:7656 i2pacceptincoming=1

3. Set Up Bitcoin Core

• Create a bitcoin.conf with Tor/I2P/proxy settings and ZMQ enabled
• Sync the blockchain in a container using its ZFS dataset

4. Set Up LND

• Configure lnd.conf to connect to bitcoind and use Tor: ```ini [Bitcoind] bitcoind.rpchost=bitcoin:8332 bitcoind.rpcuser=bitcoin bitcoind.rpcpass=very-hard-password bitcoind.zmqpubrawblock=tcp://bitcoin:28332 bitcoind.zmqpubrawtx=tcp://bitcoin:28333

[Application Options] externalip=xxxxxxxx.onion `` - Don’t expose gRPC or REST ports publicly - Mount the ZFS dataset at/root/.lnd` - Optionally enable Watchtower

5. Set Up RTL

• Mount RTL-Config.json and data volumes
• Expose RTL's web interface locally: ```yaml ports:
  • "3000:3000" ```

6. Set Up Internal LNbits

• Connect the LNbits container to bitcoin-net
• Mount the data directory and LND cert/macaroons (read-only)
• Expose the LNbits UI on the local network: ```yaml ports:
  • "5000:5000" ```
• In the web UI, configure the funding source to point to the LND REST .onion address and paste the hex macaroon
• Create and fund a wallet, and copy its Admin Key for external use

7. Set Up External LNbits + Cloudflare Tunnel

• Run another LNbits container on a separate Docker network
• Access the internal LNbits via the host IP and port 5000
• Use the Admin Key from the internal wallet to configure funding
• In the Cloudflare Zero Trust dashboard:
• Create a tunnel
• Select Docker, copy the --token command
• Add to Docker Compose: yaml command: tunnel --no-autoupdate run --token eyJ...your_token...

💾 Backup Strategy

• Bitcoin Core: hourly ZFS snapshots, retained for 6 hours
• Other Services: hourly snapshots with remote .tar.gz backups
• Retention: 7d hourly, 30d daily, 12mo weekly, monthly forever
• Back up ZFS snapshots to avoid inconsistencies

🔐 Security Isolation Benefits

This architecture isolates services by scope and function:

• Internal traffic stays on bitcoin-net
• Sensitive APIs (gRPC, REST) are reachable only via Tor
• Public access is controlled by Cloudflare Tunnel

Extra Security: Host the public LNbits on a separate machine (e.g., hardened VPS) with strict firewall rules:

• Allow only Cloudflare egress
• Allow ingress from your local IP
• Allow outbound access to internal LNbits (port 5000)

Use WireGuard VPN to secure the connection between external and internal LNbits:

• Ensures encrypted communication
• Restricts access to authenticated VPN peers
• Keeps the internal interface isolated from the public internet

✅ Final Notes

• Internal services communicate over bitcoin-net
• LND interfaces are accessed via Tor only
• LNbits and RTL UIs are locally accessible
• Cloudflare Tunnel secures external access to LNbits

Monitor system health using monit, watchtower, or Prometheus.

Create all configuration files manually (bitcoin.conf, lnd.conf, RTL-Config.json), and keep credentials secure. Test every component locally before exposing it externally.

⚡

@ 21335073:a244b1ad

Before I saw those X right-wing political “influencers” parading their Epstein binders in that PR stunt, I’d already posted this on Nostr, an open protocol. 

“Today, the world’s attention will likely fixate on Epstein, governmental failures in addressing horrific abuse cases, and the influential figures who perpetrate such acts—yet few will center the victims and survivors in the conversation. The survivors of Epstein went to law enforcement and very little happened. The survivors tried to speak to the corporate press and the corporate press knowingly covered for him. In situations like these social media can serve as one of the only ways for a survivor’s voice to be heard. 

It’s becoming increasingly evident that the line between centralized corporate social media and the state is razor-thin, if it exists at all. Time and again, the state shields powerful abusers when it’s politically expedient to do so. In this climate, a survivor attempting to expose someone like Epstein on a corporate tech platform faces an uphill battle—there’s no assurance their voice would even break through. Their story wouldn’t truly belong to them; it’d be at the mercy of the platform, subject to deletion at a whim. Nostr, though, offers a lifeline—a censorship-resistant space where survivors can share their truths, no matter how untouchable the abuser might seem. A survivor could remain anonymous here if they took enough steps. 

Nostr holds real promise for amplifying survivor voices. And if you’re here daily, tossing out memes, take heart: you’re helping build a foundation for those who desperately need to be heard.“

That post is untouchable—no CEO, company, employee, or government can delete it. Even if I wanted to, I couldn’t take it down myself. The post will outlive me on the protocol. 

The cozy alliance between the state and corporate social media hit me hard during that right-wing X “influencer” PR stunt. Elon owns X. Elon’s a special government employee. X pays those influencers to post. We don’t know who else pays them to post. Those influencers are spurred on by both the government and X to manage the Epstein case narrative. It wasn’t survivors standing there, grinning for photos—it was paid influencers, gatekeepers orchestrating yet another chance to re-exploit the already exploited.

The bond between the state and corporate social media is tight. If the other Epsteins out there are ever to be unmasked, I wouldn’t bet on a survivor’s story staying safe with a corporate tech platform, the government, any social media influencer, or mainstream journalist. Right now, only a protocol can hand survivors the power to truly own their narrative.

I don’t have anything against Elon—I’ve actually been a big supporter. I’m just stating it as I see it. X isn’t censorship resistant and they have an algorithm that they choose not the user. Corporate tech platforms like X can be a better fit for some survivors. X has safety tools and content moderation, making it a solid option for certain individuals. Grok can be a big help for survivors looking for resources or support! As a survivor, you know what works best for you, and safety should always come first—keep that front and center.

That said, a protocol is a game-changer for cases where the powerful are likely to censor. During China's # MeToo movement, survivors faced heavy censorship on social media platforms like Weibo and WeChat, where posts about sexual harassment were quickly removed, and hashtags like # MeToo or "woyeshi" were blocked by government and platform filters. To bypass this, activists turned to blockchain technology encoding their stories—like Yue Xin’s open letter about a Peking University case—into transaction metadata. This made the information tamper-proof and publicly accessible, resisting censorship since blockchain data can’t be easily altered or deleted.

I posted this on X 2/28/25. I wanted to try my first long post on a nostr client. The Epstein cover up is ongoing so it’s still relevant, unfortunately.

If you are a survivor or loved one who is reading this and needs support please reach out to: National Sexual Assault Hotline 24/7 https://rainn.org/

Hours: Available 24 hours

@ f5836228:1af99dad

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Conclusão A 7788bet se consolida como uma plataforma completa de entretenimento online. Com uma interface amigável, uma coleção impressionante de jogos e um atendimento de qualidade, ela conquista a confiança de seus usuários a cada dia. Seja você um veterano do mundo dos jogos ou um novato em busca de diversão, a 7788bet oferece tudo o que é necessário para uma jornada emocionante, segura e repleta de prêmios.

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Since its creation in 2009, Bitcoin has symbolized innovation and resilience. However, from time to time, alarmist narratives arise about emerging technologies that could "break" its security. Among these, quantum computing stands out as one of the most recurrent. But does quantum computing truly threaten Bitcoin? And more importantly, what is the community doing to ensure the protocol remains invulnerable?

The answer, contrary to sensationalist headlines, is reassuring: Bitcoin is secure, and the community is already preparing for a future where quantum computing becomes a practical reality. Let’s dive into this topic to understand why the concerns are exaggerated and how the development of BIP-360 demonstrates that Bitcoin is one step ahead.

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What Is Quantum Computing, and Why Is Bitcoin Not Threatened?

Quantum computing leverages principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations that, in theory, could exponentially surpass classical computers—and it has nothing to do with what so-called “quantum coaches” teach to scam the uninformed. One of the concerns is that this technology could compromise two key aspects of Bitcoin’s security:

1. Wallets: These use elliptic curve algorithms (ECDSA) to protect private keys. A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could deduce a private key from its public key.
2. Mining: This is based on the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the consensus process. A quantum attack could, in theory, compromise the proof-of-work mechanism.

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Understanding Quantum Computing’s Attack Priorities

While quantum computing is often presented as a threat to Bitcoin, not all parts of the network are equally vulnerable. Theoretical attacks would be prioritized based on two main factors: ease of execution and potential reward. This creates two categories of attacks:

1. Attacks on Wallets

Bitcoin wallets, secured by elliptic curve algorithms, would be the initial targets due to the relative vulnerability of their public keys, especially those already exposed on the blockchain. Two attack scenarios stand out:

• Short-term attacks: These occur during the interval between sending a transaction and its inclusion in a block (approximately 10 minutes). A quantum computer could intercept the exposed public key and derive the corresponding private key to redirect funds by creating a transaction with higher fees.

• Long-term attacks: These focus on old wallets whose public keys are permanently exposed. Wallets associated with Satoshi Nakamoto, for example, are especially vulnerable because they were created before the practice of using hashes to mask public keys.

We can infer a priority order for how such attacks might occur based on urgency and importance.

Bitcoin Quantum Attack: Prioritization Matrix (Urgency vs. Importance)

2. Attacks on Mining

Targeting the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the mining process, would be the next objective. However, this is far more complex and requires a level of quantum computational power that is currently non-existent and far from realization. A successful attack would allow for the recalculation of all possible hashes to dominate the consensus process and potentially "mine" it instantly.

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Satoshi Nakamoto in 2010 on Quantum Computing and Bitcoin Attacks

Recently, Narcelio asked me about a statement I made on Tubacast:

https://x.com/eddieoz/status/1868371296683511969

If an attack became a reality before Bitcoin was prepared, it would be necessary to define the last block prior to the attack and proceed from there using a new hashing algorithm. The solution would resemble the response to the infamous 2013 bug. It’s a fact that this would cause market panic, and Bitcoin's price would drop significantly, creating a potential opportunity for the well-informed.

Preferably, if developers could anticipate the threat and had time to work on a solution and build consensus before an attack, they would simply decide on a future block for the fork, which would then adopt the new algorithm. It might even rehash previous blocks (reaching consensus on them) to avoid potential reorganization through the re-mining of blocks using the old hash. (I often use the term "shielding" old transactions).

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How Can Users Protect Themselves?

While quantum computing is still far from being a practical threat, some simple measures can already protect users against hypothetical scenarios:

• Avoid using exposed public keys: Ensure funds sent to old wallets are transferred to new ones that use public key hashes. This reduces the risk of long-term attacks.
• Use modern wallets: Opt for wallets compatible with SegWit or Taproot, which implement better security practices.
• Monitor security updates: Stay informed about updates from the Bitcoin community, such as the implementation of BIP-360, which will introduce quantum-resistant addresses.
• Do not reuse addresses: Every transaction should be associated with a new address to minimize the risk of repeated exposure of the same public key.
• Adopt secure backup practices: Create offline backups of private keys and seeds in secure locations, protected from unauthorized access.

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BIP-360 and Bitcoin’s Preparation for the Future

Even though quantum computing is still beyond practical reach, the Bitcoin community is not standing still. A concrete example is BIP-360, a proposal that establishes the technical framework to make wallets resistant to quantum attacks.

BIP-360 addresses three main pillars:

1. Introduction of quantum-resistant addresses: A new address format starting with "BC1R" will be used. These addresses will be compatible with post-quantum algorithms, ensuring that stored funds are protected from future attacks.
2. Compatibility with the current ecosystem: The proposal allows users to transfer funds from old addresses to new ones without requiring drastic changes to the network infrastructure.
3. Flexibility for future updates: BIP-360 does not limit the choice of specific algorithms. Instead, it serves as a foundation for implementing new post-quantum algorithms as technology evolves.

This proposal demonstrates how Bitcoin can adapt to emerging threats without compromising its decentralized structure.

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Post-Quantum Algorithms: The Future of Bitcoin Cryptography

The community is exploring various algorithms to protect Bitcoin from quantum attacks. Among the most discussed are:

• Falcon: A solution combining smaller public keys with compact digital signatures. Although it has been tested in limited scenarios, it still faces scalability and performance challenges.
• Sphincs: Hash-based, this algorithm is renowned for its resilience, but its signatures can be extremely large, making it less efficient for networks like Bitcoin’s blockchain.
• Lamport: Created in 1977, it’s considered one of the earliest post-quantum security solutions. Despite its reliability, its gigantic public keys (16,000 bytes) make it impractical and costly for Bitcoin.

Two technologies show great promise and are well-regarded by the community:

1. Lattice-Based Cryptography: Considered one of the most promising, it uses complex mathematical structures to create systems nearly immune to quantum computing. Its implementation is still in its early stages, but the community is optimistic.
2. Supersingular Elliptic Curve Isogeny: These are very recent digital signature algorithms and require extensive study and testing before being ready for practical market use.

The final choice of algorithm will depend on factors such as efficiency, cost, and integration capability with the current system. Additionally, it is preferable that these algorithms are standardized before implementation, a process that may take up to 10 years.

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Why Quantum Computing Is Far from Being a Threat

The alarmist narrative about quantum computing overlooks the technical and practical challenges that still need to be overcome. Among them:

• Insufficient number of qubits: Current quantum computers have only a few hundred qubits, whereas successful attacks would require millions.
• High error rate: Quantum stability remains a barrier to reliable large-scale operations.
• High costs: Building and operating large-scale quantum computers requires massive investments, limiting their use to scientific or specific applications.

Moreover, even if quantum computers make significant advancements, Bitcoin is already adapting to ensure its infrastructure is prepared to respond.

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Conclusion: Bitcoin’s Secure Future

Despite advancements in quantum computing, the reality is that Bitcoin is far from being threatened. Its security is ensured not only by its robust architecture but also by the community’s constant efforts to anticipate and mitigate challenges.

The implementation of BIP-360 and the pursuit of post-quantum algorithms demonstrate that Bitcoin is not only resilient but also proactive. By adopting practical measures, such as using modern wallets and migrating to quantum-resistant addresses, users can further protect themselves against potential threats.

Bitcoin’s future is not at risk—it is being carefully shaped to withstand any emerging technology, including quantum computing.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ช่วงหลัง ๆ มานี้ ถ้าใครเดินผ่านชั้นนมในซูเปอร์ฯ แล้วสะดุดตากับกล่องสีเรียบ ๆ สไตล์สแกนดิเนเวียนที่เขียนคำว่า "OATLY!" ตัวใหญ่ ๆ ไม่ต้องแปลกใจ เพราะนี่คือเครื่องดื่มที่กำลังพยายามจะทำให้ทุกบ้านเชื่อว่า "ดื่มข้าวโอ๊ตแทนนมวัวคือสิ่งที่ดีต่อสุขภาพ ต่อโลก และต่อเด็ก ๆ"

Oatly ไม่ได้มาเล่น ๆ เป็นดาวรุ่งของวงการ plant-based dairy ทางเลือก ด้วยการตลาดที่เฉียบคมและอารมณ์ขันแบบขบถ เพราะบริษัทนี้เขาวางโพสิชั่นของตัวเองว่าเป็นนักสู้เพื่อสิ่งแวดล้อม ต่อต้านโลกร้อน และเป็นทางเลือกที่รักสัตว์รักโลกจนพืชยังปรบมือให้ แต่เบื้องหลังที่ดูคลีน ๆ กลับซ่อนกลยุทธ์ทางการตลาดที่แสบสันไม่เบา โดยเฉพาะการรณรงค์ในโรงเรียน และเทคนิคในการ “ซ่อนความหวาน” ได้อย่างแนบเนียนจนน้ำตาลยังงง

หวานแบบซ่อนรูปสูตรลับที่ไม่อยู่ในช่อง Sugar โอ๊ตมิลค์ของ Oatly มีคาร์บต่ำจริงตามฉลาก แต่ที่หลายคนไม่รู้คือ Oatly ใช้ เอนไซม์ย่อยแป้งจากข้าวโอ๊ต ให้กลายเป็นน้ำตาลมอลโทส ซึ่งมีรสหวานพอ ๆ กับน้ำตาลทราย แต่ไม่ต้องแสดงในช่อง Total Sugar บนฉลากโภชนาการ เพราะมันเกิดขึ้น "ตามธรรมชาติจากกระบวนการ" ซึ่งตรงตามเกณฑ์ FDA เป๊ะ

ความเจ้าเล่ห์ของระบบนี้คือ มอลโตสที่เกิดจากการย่อยแป้งด้วยเอนไซม์ ไม่ต้องนับเป็น “น้ำตาล” ในช่อง Sugar ของฉลากโภชนาการ เพราะมันถือเป็น “naturally occurring sugar” หรือ “น้ำตาลที่เกิดขึ้นเองตามธรรมชาติ” พูดง่ายๆ คือ หวานเหมือนโค้ก แต่ไม่ต้องบอกว่าใส่น้ำตาลเลยแม้แต่นิดเดียว! ในขณะที่เด็กๆ ดื่มแล้วบอกว่า “อร่อยมาก!” ผู้ใหญ่ก็เห็นฉลากแล้วบอกว่า “น้ำตาลแค่นิดเดียวเอง ดีจัง”… ความเข้าใจผิดแบบสองชั้นนี้คือการตลาดที่ชาญฉลาดแต่แฝงความไม่โปร่งใส

และเมื่อคุณไปอ่านงานวิจัยจะเจอว่า น้ำตาลมอลโตสที่ได้จากโอ๊ตผ่านกระบวนการย่อยแบบนี้ มีค่าดัชนีน้ำตาลสูงถึง 105-110 ซึ่งสูงกว่าโค้กเสียอีก (Coke อยู่ประมาณ 63) ส่งผลให้ระดับน้ำตาลในเลือดพุ่งอย่างรวดเร็ว และถ้าใครมีภาวะดื้อต่ออินซูลินหรืออยู่ในขอบเขต prediabetes ก็ยิ่งน่ากังวลเข้าไปใหญ่ พูดง่าย ๆ คือ Oatly หวาน แต่ไม่ต้องบอกว่าใส่น้ำตาล คนทั่วไปเลยเข้าใจผิดว่า “อ้าว มันไม่หวานนี่นา”

บางโรงเรียนในอังกฤษและสวีเดนเริ่มตั้งคำถามว่า การเปลี่ยนนมวัวที่อุดมไปด้วยไขมันดี โปรตีนสมบูรณ์ และแคลเซียม เข้าสู่ร่างกายเด็กๆ ให้กลายเป็น “นมโอ๊ตหวานแบบซ่อนรูป” แบบนี้ มันคือความยั่งยืนจริงๆ หรือเป็นเพียงการใช้ภาพรักษ์โลกบังหน้า แล้วขายคาร์บอย่างแนบเนียน โดยเฉพาะ The Telegraph ได้เผยแพร่บทความชื่อ “The truth about the great oat milk 'con'” ซึ่งกล่าวถึงการที่หน่วยงานกำกับดูแลโฆษณาในสหราชอาณาจักร (Advertising Standards Authority - ASA) สั่งห้ามโฆษณาบางรายการของบริษัท Oatly เนื่องจากพบว่ามีการให้ข้อมูลที่ทำให้ผู้บริโภคเข้าใจผิดเกี่ยวกับประโยชน์ต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมของการเปลี่ยนจากนมวัวเป็นนมจากพืช รวมถึง ภาพลักษณ์ “plant-based ดีต่อโลก” ถูกใช้เป็น เครื่องมือโฆษณาเชิงอารมณ์ โดยลดคุณค่าของนมวัวแท้ ๆ และสิ่งที่น่าตลกร้ายก็คือ…บริษัท Oatly เคยออกมาโจมตีอุตสาหกรรมนมวัวว่า “ไม่โปร่งใส” ขณะเดียวกันพวกเขาเองกลับโดนฟ้องร้องเรื่องการใช้โฆษณาเกินจริง และพยายามซุกซ่อนกระบวนการผลิตที่ทำให้เกิดน้ำตาลแบบ “ซ่อนในตาราง” เสียเอง

ไม่แปลกที่หลายคนในแวดวงโภชนาการแซวว่า "Oatmilk is the new Coke" เพราะมันหวานแบบไม่รู้ตัว ดื่มเพลินเหมือนน้ำอัดลม แต่สื่อสารราวกับเป็นน้ำเต้าหู้สายโยคะ โอเคเรื่องพวกนี้เอาจริงๆเคยคุยกันแล้วในรายการ ลองไปดูย้อนได้ครับ

แต่นั่นยังไม่เท่ากับสิ่งนี้ครับ “Normalize It!”: รณรงค์เข้ารร.แบบซอฟต์พาวเวอร์ ถ้าคิดว่าแค่ขายในซูเปอร์คือจุดหมาย ขอบอกว่า Oatly เล่นเกมไกลกว่านั้น เพราะเขาเปิดแคมเปญชื่อ “Normalize it!” ในหลายประเทศในยุโรป เช่น เยอรมนี สวีเดน และเนเธอร์แลนด์ โดยรณรงค์ให้ เครื่องดื่มจากพืชถูกบรรจุเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ "โครงการนมโรงเรียน" ที่มีอยู่เดิมในระบบรัฐ ซึ่งแต่เดิมให้เฉพาะนมวัวเท่านั้น

ในโฆษณาแคมเปญนี้ มีการเล่นภาพเด็ก ๆ ที่แอบเอาโอ๊ตมิลค์ใส่กล่องนมโรงเรียน พร้อมประโยคชวนสะอึกว่า “เด็กควรต้องทำเองเหรอ?” (เหมือนจะบอกว่ารัฐควรรับหน้าที่แทน) ดูความแสบได้ที่นี่ https://youtu.be/D3d_GfGVq_I?si=3pi6VKnlJC2SDleW

มันฟังดูดีใช่ไหม...แต่ประเด็นคือ ใครเป็นคนได้ประโยชน์? คำตอบคือ บริษัทที่ขายโอ๊ตมิลค์นั่นแหละ

เพราะหากสำเร็จ โรงเรียนจำนวนมากในยุโรปจะต้องซื้อผลิตภัณฑ์จากพืชแทนหรือควบคู่กับนมวัว ทำให้บริษัทที่ขายเครื่องดื่มพืชกลายเป็นผู้ได้สัมปทานทางอ้อมในชื่อ “ความยั่งยืน”

Lobby แบบ “รักษ์โลก” แต่ก็ไม่ลืมรักษาผลประโยชน์ แคมเปญนี้ไม่ได้แค่โฆษณาเล่น ๆ แต่ยังมีการล็อบบี้ทางนโยบายในระดับสหภาพยุโรป (EU) โดยผลักดันให้เครื่องดื่มจากพืชที่มีการเสริมแคลเซียมได้รับการยอมรับเท่าเทียมกับนมวัว Oatly จึงไม่ได้แค่เป็นแบรนด์ข้าวโอ๊ตอีกต่อไป แต่กลายเป็น "นักกิจกรรม" ที่มีเป้าหมายใหญ่คือการเข้าไปอยู่ในระบบอาหารภาครัฐ โดยเฉพาะสำหรับเด็ก ๆ

ปัญหาคือไม่ใช่แค่ “พืช” แต่คือ “วิธีการสื่อสาร” ไม่มีใครเถียงว่าเด็กควรมีทางเลือกในอาหาร แต่เมื่อ “ข้อมูล” ที่ใช้สร้างภาพลักษณ์ผลิตภัณฑ์ถูกเรียบเรียงให้ดูดีเกินจริง โดยเฉพาะเมื่อซ่อนความหวานไว้ในกลไกทางเคมี และรณรงค์ให้เข้าสู่ระบบโรงเรียน มันก็กลายเป็นประเด็นที่เราควรถามว่า “เรากำลังให้เด็กกินอะไร เพราะอะไร และใครได้ประโยชน์จากสิ่งนั้น?” เครื่องดื่มจากพืชไม่ใช่ปีศาจ และนมวัวก็ไม่ใช่เทวดา แต่สิ่งที่น่ากลัวคือกลยุทธ์ที่หลอกให้คนเชื่อว่าทางเลือกหนึ่ง “ดีกว่า” โดยไม่ให้ข้อมูลครบถ้วน หรือยิ่งแย่กว่านั้นถ้าเป็นการตัดริดรอนสิทธิ์ในการเลือก

วันหนึ่งถ้าเด็ก ๆ ทุกคนได้ดื่มโอ๊ตมิลค์ที่หวานแต่ไม่เรียกว่าน้ำตาล เพราะใครบางคนบอกว่า “ดีต่อสุขภาพ” เราควรถามว่า “สุขภาพของใคร?” และ “ใครนิยามว่าอะไรคือดี?” เพราะบางครั้ง โลกที่ดูยั่งยืน อาจมีรากฐานมาจากการตลาดที่ยืนนาน

เรื่องนี้ไม่ได้เกี่ยวกับการเกลียดพืช หรือรังเกียจข้าวโอ๊ต หรือนมโอ้ต แต่มันเกี่ยวกับ ความจริงที่ถูกแต่งหน้าให้ดูดีเกินจริง ในนามของสุขภาพและสิ่งแวดล้อม ซึ่งอาจกลายเป็นการเปลี่ยนเด็กๆ ให้คุ้นชินกับเครื่องดื่มหวานแบบไม่รู้ตัว ในขณะที่เราเคยพยายามลดโค้กจากโรงเรียนไปเมื่อสิบปีก่อน

อย่าลืมว่า ไม่ใช่แค่น้ำตาลที่ต้องดู แต่ต้องดูว่ามันมาจากไหน ถูกสร้างขึ้นอย่างไร และร่างกายตอบสนองอย่างไร

สำคัญที่สุดคือ เรามีสิทธิ์ในการเลือกไหม ในอนาคต

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Based on a recent paper that included collaboration from renowned experts such as Lynn Alden, Steve Lee, and Ren Crypto Fish, we discuss in depth how Bitcoin's consensus is built, the main risks, and the complex dynamics of protocol upgrades.

PT-BR version

Podcast https://www.fountain.fm/episode/wbjD6ntQuvX5u2G5BccC

Presentation https://gamma.app/docs/Analyzing-Bitcoin-Consensus-Risks-in-Protocol-Upgrades-p66axxjwaa37ksn

1. Introduction to Consensus in Bitcoin

Consensus in Bitcoin is the foundation that keeps the network secure and functional, allowing users worldwide to perform transactions in a decentralized manner without the need for intermediaries. Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin is often described as an "immutable" system designed to resist changes, and it is precisely this resistance that ensures its security and stability.

The central idea behind consensus in Bitcoin is to create a set of acceptance rules for blocks and transactions, ensuring that all network participants agree on the transaction history. This prevents "double-spending," where the same bitcoin could be used in two simultaneous transactions, something that would compromise trust in the network.

Evolution of Consensus in Bitcoin

Over the years, consensus in Bitcoin has undergone several adaptations, and the way participants agree on changes remains a delicate process. Unlike traditional systems, where changes can be imposed from the top down, Bitcoin operates in a decentralized model where any significant change needs the support of various groups of stakeholders, including miners, developers, users, and large node operators.

Moreover, the update process is extremely cautious, as hasty changes can compromise the network's security. As a result, the philosophy of "don't fix what isn't broken" prevails, with improvements happening incrementally and only after broad consensus among those involved. This model can make progress seem slow but ensures that Bitcoin remains faithful to the principles of security and decentralization.

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2. Technical Components of Consensus

Bitcoin's consensus is supported by a set of technical rules that determine what is considered a valid transaction and a valid block on the network. These technical aspects ensure that all nodes—the computers that participate in the Bitcoin network—agree on the current state of the blockchain. Below are the main technical components that form the basis of the consensus.

Validation of Blocks and Transactions

The validation of blocks and transactions is the central point of consensus in Bitcoin. A block is only considered valid if it meets certain criteria, such as maximum size, transaction structure, and the solving of the "Proof of Work" problem. The proof of work, required for a block to be included in the blockchain, is a computational process that ensures the block contains significant computational effort—protecting the network against manipulation attempts.

Transactions, in turn, need to follow specific input and output rules. Each transaction includes cryptographic signatures that prove the ownership of the bitcoins sent, as well as validation scripts that verify if the transaction conditions are met. This validation system is essential for network nodes to autonomously confirm that each transaction follows the rules.

Chain Selection

Another fundamental technical issue for Bitcoin's consensus is chain selection, which becomes especially important in cases where multiple versions of the blockchain coexist, such as after a network split (fork). To decide which chain is the "true" one and should be followed, the network adopts the criterion of the highest accumulated proof of work. In other words, the chain with the highest number of valid blocks, built with the greatest computational effort, is chosen by the network as the official one.

This criterion avoids permanent splits because it encourages all nodes to follow the same main chain, reinforcing consensus.

Soft Forks vs. Hard Forks

In the consensus process, protocol changes can happen in two ways: through soft forks or hard forks. These variations affect not only the protocol update but also the implications for network users:

• Soft Forks: These are changes that are backward compatible. Only nodes that adopt the new update will follow the new rules, but old nodes will still recognize the blocks produced with these rules as valid. This compatibility makes soft forks a safer option for updates, as it minimizes the risk of network division.

• Hard Forks: These are updates that are not backward compatible, requiring all nodes to update to the new version or risk being separated from the main chain. Hard forks can result in the creation of a new coin, as occurred with the split between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash in 2017. While hard forks allow for deeper changes, they also bring significant risks of network fragmentation.

These technical components form the base of Bitcoin's security and resilience, allowing the system to remain functional and immutable without losing the necessary flexibility to evolve over time.

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3. Stakeholders in Bitcoin's Consensus

Consensus in Bitcoin is not decided centrally. On the contrary, it depends on the interaction between different groups of stakeholders, each with their motivations, interests, and levels of influence. These groups play fundamental roles in how changes are implemented or rejected on the network. Below, we explore the six main stakeholders in Bitcoin's consensus.

1. Economic Nodes

Economic nodes, usually operated by exchanges, custody providers, and large companies that accept Bitcoin, exert significant influence over consensus. Because they handle large volumes of transactions and act as a connection point between the Bitcoin ecosystem and the traditional financial system, these nodes have the power to validate or reject blocks and to define which version of the software to follow in case of a fork.

Their influence is proportional to the volume of transactions they handle, and they can directly affect which chain will be seen as the main one. Their incentive is to maintain the network's stability and security to preserve its functionality and meet regulatory requirements.

2. Investors

Investors, including large institutional funds and individual Bitcoin holders, influence consensus indirectly through their impact on the asset's price. Their buying and selling actions can affect Bitcoin's value, which in turn influences the motivation of miners and other stakeholders to continue investing in the network's security and development.

Some institutional investors have agreements with custodians that may limit their ability to act in network split situations. Thus, the impact of each investor on consensus can vary based on their ownership structure and how quickly they can react to a network change.

3. Media Influencers

Media influencers, including journalists, analysts, and popular personalities on social media, have a powerful role in shaping public opinion about Bitcoin and possible updates. These influencers can help educate the public, promote debates, and bring transparency to the consensus process.

On the other hand, the impact of influencers can be double-edged: while they can clarify complex topics, they can also distort perceptions by amplifying or minimizing change proposals. This makes them a force both of support and resistance to consensus.

4. Miners

Miners are responsible for validating transactions and including blocks in the blockchain. Through computational power (hashrate), they also exert significant influence over consensus decisions. In update processes, miners often signal their support for a proposal, indicating that the new version is safe to use. However, this signaling is not always definitive, and miners can change their position if they deem it necessary.

Their incentive is to maximize returns from block rewards and transaction fees, as well as to maintain the value of investments in their specialized equipment, which are only profitable if the network remains stable.

5. Protocol Developers

Protocol developers, often called "Core Developers," are responsible for writing and maintaining Bitcoin's code. Although they do not have direct power over consensus, they possess an informal veto power since they decide which changes are included in the main client (Bitcoin Core). This group also serves as an important source of technical knowledge, helping guide decisions and inform other stakeholders.

Their incentive lies in the continuous improvement of the network, ensuring security and decentralization. Many developers are funded by grants and sponsorships, but their motivations generally include a strong ideological commitment to Bitcoin's principles.

6. Users and Application Developers

This group includes people who use Bitcoin in their daily transactions and developers who build solutions based on the network, such as wallets, exchanges, and payment platforms. Although their power in consensus is less than that of miners or economic nodes, they play an important role because they are responsible for popularizing Bitcoin's use and expanding the ecosystem.

If application developers decide not to adopt an update, this can affect compatibility and widespread acceptance. Thus, they indirectly influence consensus by deciding which version of the protocol to follow in their applications.

These stakeholders are vital to the consensus process, and each group exerts influence according to their involvement, incentives, and ability to act in situations of change. Understanding the role of each makes it clearer how consensus is formed and why it is so difficult to make significant changes to Bitcoin.

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4. Mechanisms for Activating Updates in Bitcoin

For Bitcoin to evolve without compromising security and consensus, different mechanisms for activating updates have been developed over the years. These mechanisms help coordinate changes among network nodes to minimize the risk of fragmentation and ensure that updates are implemented in an orderly manner. Here, we explore some of the main methods used in Bitcoin, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as historical examples of significant updates.

Flag Day

The Flag Day mechanism is one of the simplest forms of activating changes. In it, a specific date or block is determined as the activation moment, and all nodes must be updated by that point. This method does not involve prior signaling; participants simply need to update to the new software version by the established day or block.

• Advantages: Simplicity and predictability are the main benefits of Flag Day, as everyone knows the exact activation date.

• Disadvantages: Inflexibility can be a problem because there is no way to adjust the schedule if a significant part of the network has not updated. This can result in network splits if a significant number of nodes are not ready for the update.

An example of Flag Day was the Pay to Script Hash (P2SH) update in 2012, which required all nodes to adopt the change to avoid compatibility issues.

BIP34 and BIP9

BIP34 introduced a more dynamic process, in which miners increase the version number in block headers to signal the update. When a predetermined percentage of the last blocks is mined with this new version, the update is automatically activated. This model later evolved with BIP9, which allowed multiple updates to be signaled simultaneously through "version bits," each corresponding to a specific change.

• Advantages: Allows the network to activate updates gradually, giving more time for participants to adapt.

• Disadvantages: These methods rely heavily on miner support, which means that if a sufficient number of miners do not signal the update, it can be delayed or not implemented.

BIP9 was used in the activation of SegWit (BIP141) but faced challenges because some miners did not signal their intent to activate, leading to the development of new mechanisms.

User Activated Soft Forks (UASF) and User Resisted Soft Forks (URSF)

To increase the decision-making power of ordinary users, the concept of User Activated Soft Fork (UASF) was introduced, allowing node operators, not just miners, to determine consensus for a change. In this model, nodes set a date to start rejecting blocks that are not in compliance with the new update, forcing miners to adapt or risk having their blocks rejected by the network.

URSF, in turn, is a model where nodes reject blocks that attempt to adopt a specific update, functioning as resistance against proposed changes.

• Advantages: UASF returns decision-making power to node operators, ensuring that changes do not depend solely on miners.

• Disadvantages: Both UASF and URSF can generate network splits, especially in cases of strong opposition among different stakeholders.

An example of UASF was the activation of SegWit in 2017, where users supported activation independently of miner signaling, which ended up forcing its adoption.

BIP8 (LOT=True)

BIP8 is an evolution of BIP9, designed to prevent miners from indefinitely blocking a change desired by the majority of users and developers. BIP8 allows setting a parameter called "lockinontimeout" (LOT) as true, which means that if the update has not been fully signaled by a certain point, it is automatically activated.

• Advantages: Ensures that changes with broad support among users are not blocked by miners who wish to maintain the status quo.

• Disadvantages: Can lead to network splits if miners or other important stakeholders do not support the update.

Although BIP8 with LOT=True has not yet been used in Bitcoin, it is a proposal that can be applied in future updates if necessary.

These activation mechanisms have been essential for Bitcoin's development, allowing updates that keep the network secure and functional. Each method brings its own advantages and challenges, but all share the goal of preserving consensus and network cohesion.

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5. Risks and Considerations in Consensus Updates

Consensus updates in Bitcoin are complex processes that involve not only technical aspects but also political, economic, and social considerations. Due to the network's decentralized nature, each change brings with it a set of risks that need to be carefully assessed. Below, we explore some of the main challenges and future scenarios, as well as the possible impacts on stakeholders.

Network Fragility with Alternative Implementations

One of the main risks associated with consensus updates is the possibility of network fragmentation when there are alternative software implementations. If an update is implemented by a significant group of nodes but rejected by others, a network split (fork) can occur. This creates two competing chains, each with a different version of the transaction history, leading to unpredictable consequences for users and investors.

Such fragmentation weakens Bitcoin because, by dividing hashing power (computing) and coin value, it reduces network security and investor confidence. A notable example of this risk was the fork that gave rise to Bitcoin Cash in 2017 when disagreements over block size resulted in a new chain and a new asset.

Chain Splits and Impact on Stakeholders

Chain splits are a significant risk in update processes, especially in hard forks. During a hard fork, the network is split into two separate chains, each with its own set of rules. This results in the creation of a new coin and leaves users with duplicated assets on both chains. While this may seem advantageous, in the long run, these splits weaken the network and create uncertainties for investors.

Each group of stakeholders reacts differently to a chain split:

• Institutional Investors and ETFs: Face regulatory and compliance challenges because many of these assets are managed under strict regulations. The creation of a new coin requires decisions to be made quickly to avoid potential losses, which may be hampered by regulatory constraints.

• Miners: May be incentivized to shift their computing power to the chain that offers higher profitability, which can weaken one of the networks.

• Economic Nodes: Such as major exchanges and custody providers, have to quickly choose which chain to support, influencing the perceived value of each network.

Such divisions can generate uncertainties and loss of value, especially for institutional investors and those who use Bitcoin as a store of value.

Regulatory Impacts and Institutional Investors

With the growing presence of institutional investors in Bitcoin, consensus changes face new compliance challenges. Bitcoin ETFs, for example, are required to follow strict rules about which assets they can include and how chain split events should be handled. The creation of a new asset or migration to a new chain can complicate these processes, creating pressure for large financial players to quickly choose a chain, affecting the stability of consensus.

Moreover, decisions regarding forks can influence the Bitcoin futures and derivatives market, affecting perception and adoption by new investors. Therefore, the need to avoid splits and maintain cohesion is crucial to attract and preserve the confidence of these investors.

Security Considerations in Soft Forks and Hard Forks

While soft forks are generally preferred in Bitcoin for their backward compatibility, they are not without risks. Soft forks can create different classes of nodes on the network (updated and non-updated), which increases operational complexity and can ultimately weaken consensus cohesion. In a network scenario with fragmentation of node classes, Bitcoin's security can be affected, as some nodes may lose part of the visibility over updated transactions or rules.

In hard forks, the security risk is even more evident because all nodes need to adopt the new update to avoid network division. Experience shows that abrupt changes can create temporary vulnerabilities, in which malicious agents try to exploit the transition to attack the network.

Bounty Claim Risks and Attack Scenarios

Another risk in consensus updates are so-called "bounty claims"—accumulated rewards that can be obtained if an attacker manages to split or deceive a part of the network. In a conflict scenario, a group of miners or nodes could be incentivized to support a new update or create an alternative version of the software to benefit from these rewards.

These risks require stakeholders to carefully assess each update and the potential vulnerabilities it may introduce. The possibility of "bounty claims" adds a layer of complexity to consensus because each interest group may see a financial opportunity in a change that, in the long term, may harm network stability.

The risks discussed above show the complexity of consensus in Bitcoin and the importance of approaching it gradually and deliberately. Updates need to consider not only technical aspects but also economic and social implications, in order to preserve Bitcoin's integrity and maintain trust among stakeholders.

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6. Recommendations for the Consensus Process in Bitcoin

To ensure that protocol changes in Bitcoin are implemented safely and with broad support, it is essential that all stakeholders adopt a careful and coordinated approach. Here are strategic recommendations for evaluating, supporting, or rejecting consensus updates, considering the risks and challenges discussed earlier, along with best practices for successful implementation.

1. Careful Evaluation of Proposal Maturity

Stakeholders should rigorously assess the maturity level of a proposal before supporting its implementation. Updates that are still experimental or lack a robust technical foundation can expose the network to unnecessary risks. Ideally, change proposals should go through an extensive testing phase, have security audits, and receive review and feedback from various developers and experts.

2. Extensive Testing in Secure and Compatible Networks

Before an update is activated on the mainnet, it is essential to test it on networks like testnet and signet, and whenever possible, on other compatible networks that offer a safe and controlled environment to identify potential issues. Testing on networks like Litecoin was fundamental for the safe launch of innovations like SegWit and the Lightning Network, allowing functionalities to be validated on a lower-impact network before being implemented on Bitcoin.

The Liquid Network, developed by Blockstream, also plays an important role as an experimental network for new proposals, such as OP_CAT. By adopting these testing environments, stakeholders can mitigate risks and ensure that the update is reliable and secure before being adopted by the main network.

3. Importance of Stakeholder Engagement

The success of a consensus update strongly depends on the active participation of all stakeholders. This includes economic nodes, miners, protocol developers, investors, and end users. Lack of participation can lead to inadequate decisions or even future network splits, which would compromise Bitcoin's security and stability.

4. Key Questions for Evaluating Consensus Proposals

To assist in decision-making, each group of stakeholders should consider some key questions before supporting a consensus change:

• Does the proposal offer tangible benefits for Bitcoin's security, scalability, or usability?
• Does it maintain backward compatibility or introduce the risk of network split?
• Are the implementation requirements clear and feasible for each group involved?
• Are there clear and aligned incentives for all stakeholder groups to accept the change?

5. Coordination and Timing in Implementations

Timing is crucial. Updates with short activation windows can force a split because not all nodes and miners can update simultaneously. Changes should be planned with ample deadlines to allow all stakeholders to adjust their systems, avoiding surprises that could lead to fragmentation.

Mechanisms like soft forks are generally preferable to hard forks because they allow a smoother transition. Opting for backward-compatible updates when possible facilitates the process and ensures that nodes and miners can adapt without pressure.

6. Continuous Monitoring and Re-evaluation

After an update, it's essential to monitor the network to identify problems or side effects. This continuous process helps ensure cohesion and trust among all participants, keeping Bitcoin as a secure and robust network.

These recommendations, including the use of secure networks for extensive testing, promote a collaborative and secure environment for Bitcoin's consensus process. By adopting a deliberate and strategic approach, stakeholders can preserve Bitcoin's value as a decentralized and censorship-resistant network.

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7. Conclusion

Consensus in Bitcoin is more than a set of rules; it's the foundation that sustains the network as a decentralized, secure, and reliable system. Unlike centralized systems, where decisions can be made quickly, Bitcoin requires a much more deliberate and cooperative approach, where the interests of miners, economic nodes, developers, investors, and users must be considered and harmonized. This governance model may seem slow, but it is fundamental to preserving the resilience and trust that make Bitcoin a global store of value and censorship-resistant.

Consensus updates in Bitcoin must balance the need for innovation with the preservation of the network's core principles. The development process of a proposal needs to be detailed and rigorous, going through several testing stages, such as in testnet, signet, and compatible networks like Litecoin and Liquid Network. These networks offer safe environments for proposals to be analyzed and improved before being launched on the main network.

Each proposed change must be carefully evaluated regarding its maturity, impact, backward compatibility, and support among stakeholders. The recommended key questions and appropriate timing are critical to ensure that an update is adopted without compromising network cohesion. It's also essential that the implementation process is continuously monitored and re-evaluated, allowing adjustments as necessary and minimizing the risk of instability.

By following these guidelines, Bitcoin's stakeholders can ensure that the network continues to evolve safely and robustly, maintaining user trust and further solidifying its role as one of the most resilient and innovative digital assets in the world. Ultimately, consensus in Bitcoin is not just a technical issue but a reflection of its community and the values it represents: security, decentralization, and resilience.

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8. Links

Whitepaper: https://github.com/bitcoin-cap/bcap

Youtube (pt-br): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rARycAibl9o&list=PL-qnhF0qlSPkfhorqsREuIu4UTbF0h4zb

@ f5836228:1af99dad

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@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1

Overview

Philosophy

Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible.

Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML filters -- including Setext, atx, Textile, reStructuredText, Grutatext, and EtText -- the single biggest source of inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email.

Block Elements

Paragraphs and Line Breaks

A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is considered blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be indented with spaces or tabs.

The implication of the "one or more consecutive lines of text" rule is that Markdown supports "hard-wrapped" text paragraphs. This differs significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable Type's "Convert Line Breaks" option) which translate every line break character in a paragraph into a <br /> tag.

When you do want to insert a <br /> break tag using Markdown, you end a line with two or more spaces, then type return.

Headers

Markdown supports two styles of headers, [Setext] [1] and [atx] [2].

Optionally, you may "close" atx-style headers. This is purely cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The closing hashes don't even need to match the number of hashes used to open the header. (The number of opening hashes determines the header level.)

Blockquotes

Markdown uses email-style > characters for blockquoting. If you're familiar with quoting passages of text in an email message, then you know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It looks best if you hard wrap the text and put a > before every line:

This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.

Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.

Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the > before the first line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:

This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.

Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.

Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by adding additional levels of >:

This is the first level of quoting.

This is nested blockquote.

Back to the first level.

Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers, lists, and code blocks:

This is a header.

1. This is the first list item.
2. This is the second list item.

Here's some example code:

return shell_exec("echo $input | $markdown_script");

Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase Quote Level from the Text menu.

Lists

Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists.

Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably -- as list markers:

• Red
• Green
• Blue

is equivalent to:

• Red
• Green
• Blue

and:

• Red
• Green
• Blue

Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:

1. Bird
2. McHale
3. Parish

It's important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML Markdown produces from the above list is:

If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:

1. Bird
2. McHale
3. Parish

or even:

1. Bird
2. McHale
3. Parish

you'd get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to, you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that the numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML. But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to.

To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:

• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
• Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.

But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to:

• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
• Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.

List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent paragraph in a list item must be indented by either 4 spaces or one tab:

1. This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.

   Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.

2. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.

It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent paragraphs, but here again, Markdown will allow you to be lazy:

• This is a list item with two paragraphs.

  This is the second paragraph in the list item. You're only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.

• Another item in the same list.

To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote's > delimiters need to be indented:

• A list item with a blockquote:

  This is a blockquote inside a list item.

To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs to be indented twice -- 8 spaces or two tabs:

• A list item with a code block:

  <code goes here>
  

Code Blocks

Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines of a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block in both <pre> and <code> tags.

To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab.

This is a normal paragraph:

This is a code block.

Here is an example of AppleScript:

tell application "Foo"
    beep
end tell

A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented (or the end of the article).

Within a code block, ampersands (&) and angle brackets (< and >) are automatically converted into HTML entities. This makes it very easy to include example HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste it and indent it, and Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the ampersands and angle brackets. For example, this:

<div class="footer">
    &copy; 2004 Foo Corporation
</div>

Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g., asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means it's also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown's own syntax.

tell application "Foo" beep end tell

Span Elements

Links

Markdown supports two style of links: inline and reference.

In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].

To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately after the link text's closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses, put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an optional title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:

This is an example inline link.

This link has no title attribute.

Emphasis

Markdown treats asterisks (*) and underscores (_) as indicators of emphasis. Text wrapped with one * or _ will be wrapped with an HTML <em> tag; double *'s or _'s will be wrapped with an HTML <strong> tag. E.g., this input:

single asterisks

single underscores

double asterisks

double underscores

Code

To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (`). Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a normal paragraph. For example:

Use the printf() function.

@ 732c6a62:42003da2

Não são recentes as táticas da esquerda de tentar reprimir intelectualmente seus opositores na base do deboche, da ironia, do desprezo e do boicote à credibilidade. Até Marx usava ironia para chamar os críticos de "burgueses iludidos". A diferença é que, no século XXI, trocaram o manifesto comunista por threads no Twitter e a dialética por memes de mau gosto.

A Falácia da Superioridade Moral

O debate sobre o "pobre de direita" no Brasil é contaminado por uma premissa tácita da esquerda: a ideia de que classes baixas só podem ter consciência política se aderirem a pautas progressistas. Quem ousa divergir é tratado como "traidor de classe", "manipulado", "ignorante", ou até vítimas de deboches como alguma pessoa com um qi em temperatura ambiente repetir diversas vezes "não é possível que ainda exista pobre de direita", "nunca vou entender pobre de direita", ou "pobre de direita é muito burro, rico eu até entendo", como se o autor dessas frases fosse o paladino dos mais oprimidos e pobres. Esse discurso, porém, não resiste a uma análise empírica, histórica ou sociológica.

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Contexto Histórico: A Esquerda e o Mito do "Voto Consciente"

A noção de que o pobre deve votar na esquerda por "interesse de classe" é herança do marxismo ortodoxo, que via a política como mero reflexo da posição econômica. No entanto, a realidade é mais complexa:

• Dados do Latinobarómetro (2022): 41% dos brasileiros de baixa renda (até 2 salários mínimos) apoiam redução de impostos e maior liberdade econômica — pautas tradicionalmente associadas à direita.
• Pesquisa IPEC (2023): 58% dos pobres brasileiros priorizam "segurança pública" como principal demanda, acima de "distribuição de renda".

Esses números não são acidentais. Refletem uma mudança estrutural: o pobre moderno não é mais o "operário industrial" do século XX, mas um empreendedor informal, motorista de app, ou microempresário — figuras que valorizam autonomia e rejeitam paternalismo estatal. Eles dizem não entender o pobre de direita e que nunca vai entendê-los, mas o fato é que não entendem porque nunca conversaram com um sem fazer cara de psicólogo de posto de saúde. Sua "preocupação" é só uma máscara para esconder o desprezo por quem ousa pensar diferente do seu manual de "oprimido ideal".

Se ainda não entenderam:

Direita ≠ rico: Tem gente que trabalha 12h/dia e vota em liberal porque quer ser dono do próprio negócio, não pra pagar mais taxação pra você postar meme no Twitter.
Acham que são o Sherlock Holmes da pobreza: o palpite de que "o pobre é manipulado" é tão raso quanto sua compreensão de economia básica.

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A Psicologia por Trás do Voto Conservador nas Periferias

A esquerda atribui o voto pobre em direita a "falta de educação" ou "manipulação midiática". Essa tese é não apenas elitista, mas cientificamente falsa:

Análise Psicológica Básica (para você que se acha o Paulo Freire):
- Síndrome do Branco Salvador: Acha que o pobre é uma criatura tão frágil que precisa de você pra pensar. Spoiler: ele não precisa.
- Viés da Superioridade Moral: "Se você é pobre e não concorda comigo, você é burro". Parabéns, recriou a escravidão intelectual.
- Efeito Dunning-Kruger: Não sabe o que é CLT, mas dá palpite sobre reforma trabalhista.

• Estudo da Universidade de São Paulo (USP, 2021): Entre moradores de favelas, 63% associam políticas de segurança dura (como "bandido bom é bandido morto") à proteção de seus negócios e famílias. Para eles, a esquerda é "branda demais" com o crime.
• Pesquisa FGV (2020): 71% dos trabalhadores informais rejeitam aumentos de impostos, mesmo que para financiar programas sociais. Motivo: já sofrem com a burocracia estatal para legalizar seus negócios.

Esses dados revelam uma racionalidade prática: o pobre avalia políticas pelo impacto imediato em sua vida, não por abstrações ideológicas. Enquanto a esquerda fala em "reforma estrutural" e tenta importar discursos estrangeiros para debate, por exemplo, o tema irrelevante do pronome neutro, ele quer resolver problemas como:
- Violência (que afeta seu comércio);
- Impostos (que consomem até 40% do lucro de um camelô);
- Burocracia (que impede a legalização de sua barraca de pastel).

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Religião, Valores e a Hipocrisia do "Ateísmo de Redes Sociais"

A esquerda subestima o papel da religião na formação política das classes baixas. No Brasil, 76% dos evangélicos são pobres (Datafolha, 2023), e suas igrejas promovem valores como:
- Família tradicional (contra pautas progressistas como ideologia de gênero em escolas);
- Auto-responsabilidade (ênfase em "trabalho duro" em vez de assistencialismo).

Exemplo Concreto:
Nas favelas de São Paulo, pastores evangélicos são frequentemente eleitos a cargos locais com plataformas anticrime e pró-mercado. Para seus eleitores, a esquerda urbana (que defende descriminalização de drogas e críticas à polícia) representa uma ameaça ao seu estilo de vida.

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A Esquerda e seu Desprezo pela Autonomia do Pobre

O cerne do debate é a incapacidade da esquerda de aceitar que o pobre possa ser autônomo. Algumas evidências:

O Caso dos Empreendedores Informais

• Segundo o IBGE (2023), 40% dos trabalhadores brasileiros estão na informalidade. Muitos veem o Estado como obstáculo, não aliado. Políticas de direita (como simplificação tributária) são mais atraentes para eles que o Bolsa Família.

A Ascensão do Conservadorismo Periférico

• Pessoas assim tem um pensamento simples. Sua mensagem: "Queremos empreender, não depender de político."

A Rejeição ao "Vitimismo"

• Pesquisa Atlas Intel (2022): 68% dos pobres brasileiros rejeitam o termo "vítima da sociedade". Preferem ser vistos como "lutadores".

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A projeção freudiana "o pobre é burro porque eu sou inteligente"

O deboche esquerdista esconde um complexo de inferioridade disfarçado de superioridade moral. É a Síndrome do Salvador em sua forma mais patética:
- Passo 1: Assume-se que o pobre é um ser desprovido de agência.
- Passo 2: Qualquer desvio da narrativa é atribuído a "manipulação da elite".
- Passo 3: Quem critica o processo é chamado de "fascista".

Exemplo Prático:
Quando uma empregada doméstica diz que prefere o livre mercado a programas sociais, a esquerda não pergunta "por quê?" — ela grita "lavagem cerebral!". A ironia? Essa mesma esquerda defende a autonomia feminina, exceto quando a mulher é pobre e pensa diferente.

Dados Globais: O Fenômeno Não é Brasileiro

A ideia de que "pobre de direita" é uma anomalia é desmentida por evidências internacionais:

• Estados Unidos: 38% dos eleitores com renda abaixo de US$ 30k/ano votaram em Trump em 2020 (Pew Research). Motivos principais: conservadorismo social e rejeição a impostos. A esquerda: "vítimas da falsa consciência". Mais um detalhe: na última eleição de 2024, grande parte da classe "artística" milionária dos Estados Unidos, figuras conhecidas, promoveram em peso a Kamala Harris, do Partido Democrata. Percebe como a esquerda atual é a personificaçãoda burguesia e de só pensar na própria barriga?
• Argentina: Javier Milei, libertário radical, quando candidato, tinha forte apoio nas villas miseria (favelas). Seu lema — "O estado é um parasita" — ressoa entre quem sofria com inflação de 211% ao ano.
• Índia: O partido BJP (direita nacionalista) domina entre os pobres rurais, que associam a esquerda a elites urbanas desconectadas de suas necessidades.

A história que a esquerda tenta apagar: pobres de direita existem desde sempre

A esquerda age como se o "pobre de direita" fosse uma invenção recente do MBL, mas a realidade é que classes baixas conservadoras são regra, não exceção, na história mundial:
- Revolução Francesa (1789): Camponeses apoiaram a monarquia contra os jacobinos urbanos que queriam "libertá-los".
- Brasil Imperial: Escravos libertos que viraram pequenos proprietários rurais rejeitavam o abolicionismo radical — queriam integração, não utopia.

Tradução:
Quando o pobre não segue o script, a esquerda inventa teorias conspiratórias.

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A Hipocrisia da Esquerda Urbana e Universitária

Enquanto acusa o pobre de direita de "alienado", a esquerda brasileira é dominada por uma elite desconectada da realidade periférica:

• Perfil Socioeconômico: 82% dos filiados ao PSOL têm ensino superior completo (TSE, 2023). Apenas 6% moram em bairros periféricos.
• Prioridades Descoladas: Enquanto o pobre debate segurança e custo de vida, a esquerda pauta discussões como "linguagem não-binária em editais públicos" — tema irrelevante para quem luta contra o desemprego. Os grandes teóricos comunistas se reviram no túmulo quando veem o que a esquerda se tornou: não debatem os reais problemas do Brasil, e sim sobre suas próprias emoções.

"A esquerda brasileira trocou o operário pelo influencer progressista. O pobre virou um personagem de campanha, não um interlocutor real."

A diversidade de pensamento que a esquerda não suporta

A esquerda prega diversidade — desde que você seja diverso dentro de um checklist pré-aprovado. Pobre LGBTQ+? Herói. Pobre evangélico? Fascista. Pobre que abre MEI? "Peão do capitalismo". A realidade é que favelas e periferias são microcosmos de pluralidade ideológica, algo que assusta quem quer reduzir seres humanos a estereótipos.

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Respostas aos Argumentos Esquerdistas (e Por que Falham)

"O pobre de direita é manipulado pela mídia!"

• Contradição: Se a mídia tradicional é dominada por elites (como alegam), por que grandes veículos são abertamente progressistas? A Record (evangélica) é exceção, não regra.

Contradição Central:
Como explicar que, segundo o Banco Mundial (2023), países com maior liberdade econômica (ex.: Chile, Polônia) reduziram a pobreza extrema em 60% nas últimas décadas, enquanto modelos estatizantes (ex.: Venezuela, Argentina com o governo peronista) afundaram na miséria? Simples: a esquerda prefere culpar o "neoliberalismo" a admitir que o pobre com o mínimo de consciência quer emprego, não esmola.

Dado que Machuca:
- 71% das mulheres da periferia rejeitam o feminismo radical, associando-o a "prioridades distantes da realidade" (Instituto Locomotiva, 2023).

"Ele vota contra os próprios interesses!"

• Falácia: Pressupõe que a esquerda define o que é o "interesse do pobre". Para um pai de família na Cidade de Deus, ter a boca de fogo fechada pode ser mais urgente que um aumento de 10% no Bolsa Família.

O pobre de direita não é uma anomalia. É o produto natural de um mundo complexo onde seres humanos têm aspirações, medos e valores diversos. Enquanto a esquerda insiste em tratá-lo como um projeto fracassado, ele está ocupado:
- Trabalhando para não depender do governo.
- Escolhendo religiões que dão sentido à sua vida.
- Rejeitando pautas identitárias que não resolvem o custo do gás de cozinha.

"É falta de educação política!"

• Ironia: Nos países nórdicos (modelo da esquerda), as classes baixas são as mais conservadoras. Educação não correlaciona com progressismo.

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Por que o Debuste Precisa Acabar

A insistência em descredibilizar o pobre de direita revela um projeto de poder fracassado. A esquerda, ao substituir diálogo por deboche, perdeu a capacidade de representar quem mais precisaria dela. Enquanto isso, a direita — nem sempre por virtude, mas por pragmatismo — capturou o descontentamento de milhões com o status quo.

O pobre de direita existe porque ele não precisa da permissão do rico de esquerda para pensar. A incapacidade de entender isso só prova que a esquerda é a nova aristocracia.

Último Dado: Nas eleições de 2022, Tarcísio de Freitas (direita) venceu em 72% das favelas de São Paulo. O motivo? Seu discurso anti-burocracia e pró-microempreendedor.

A mensagem é clara: o pobre não é um projeto ideológico. É um agente político autônomo — e quem não entender isso continuará perdendo eleições.

A esquerda elitista não odeia o pobre de direita por ele ser "irracional". Odeia porque ele desafia o monopólio moral que ela construiu sobre a miséria alheia. Enquanto isso, o pobre segue sua vida, ignorando os berros de quem acha que sabem mais da sua vida que ele mesmo.

Pergunta Retórica (Para Incomodar):
Se a esquerda é tão sábia, por que não usa essa sabedoria para entender que pobre também cansa de ser tratado como cachorro que late no ritmo errado?

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Fontes Citadas:

1. Latinobarómetro (2022)
2. IPEC (2023)
3. USP (2021): "Segurança Pública e Percepções nas Favelas Cariocas"
4. FGV (2020): "Informalidade e Tributação no Brasil"
5. Datafolha (2023): "Perfil Religioso do Eleitorado Brasileiro"
6. Atlas Intel (2022): "Autopercepção das Classes Baixas"
7. Pew Research (2020): "Voting Patterns by Income in the U.S."
8. TSE (2023): "Perfil Socioeconômico dos Filiados Partidários"

Leitura Recomendada para Esquerdistas:
- "Fome de Poder: Por que o Pobre Brasileiro Abandonou a Esquerda" (Fernando Schüller, 2023)
- "A Revolução dos Conservadores: Religião e Política nas Periferias" (Juliano Spyer, 2021)
- "Direita e Esquerda: Razões e Paixões" (Demétrio Magnoli, 2019)

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“คณิตศาสตร์” กุญแจเวทมนตร์ นักพนัน และ นักลงทุน ในนครเฮรันเทล นามกระฉ่อนเลื่องลือในหมู่นักเสี่ยงโชค เมื่อเอ่ยถึง “การพนัน” ภาพที่ชาวเมืองมักนึกถึงคือ “ยาจกข้างถนน”

มิใช่เรื่องแปลกประหลาดอันใด เพราะเป็นที่ร่ำลือกันว่า จ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ผู้คุมบ่อนพนัน มักร่ายเวทมนตร์สร้างเกมให้ตนเองได้เปรียบ เพื่อดูดกลืนเงินทองของผู้มาเยือน ดังนั้น การที่สามัญชนจะพิชิตเกมในระยะยาว จึงเป็นดั่งเงามายาที่จับต้องมิได้ กระนั้น ยังมีตำนานกล่าวขานถึงผู้กล้า ที่สามารถสร้างชื่อจาก “เกมพนัน” เช่น เวเนสซา รุสโซ นักเวทย์มนตร์ผู้ใช้กฎหมายแห่งแดนไกล ใช้เวลายาวนานถึงหกปี ร่ายเวทย์สะสมทรัพย์สินกว่าร้อยล้านเหรียญทอง จากการเล่นเกมไพ่ศักดิ์สิทธิ์ “โป๊กเกอร์” หรือแม้แต่ เอ็ดเวิร์ด โอ. ทอร์ป จอมปราชญ์ผู้สร้างกำไรถึงสามแสนหกหมื่นเหรียญทอง ภายในเจ็ดราตรี จากการเล่นเกมไพ่มนตรา “แบล็กแจ็ก” ด้วยเงินทุนตั้งต้นเพียงสามแสนสามหมื่นเหรียญทอง คิดเป็นอัตราเวทย์ตอบแทนร้อยสิบส่วน! เหล่าจอมยุทธ์เหล่านี้ มิได้อาศัยเพียงโชคช่วยชั่วครั้งชั่วคราวแล้วเลือนหาย แต่พวกเขากลับสามารถร่ายเวทย์สร้างผลตอบแทนระยะยาว จนเรียกได้ว่า ใช้ “หอคอยรัตติกาล” เป็นแหล่งเสบียงเลี้ยงชีพ โดยกุญแจเวทย์ที่บุคคลเหล่านี้ใช้ ก็คือ “คณิตศาสตร์” เหตุใด “คณิตศาสตร์” จึงช่วยให้ผู้คนเอาชนะ “การพนัน” ได้? และนอกจาก “การพนัน” แล้ว “คณิตศาสตร์” ยังสามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับสิ่งใดได้อีก? นักเล่าเรื่องแห่งเฮรันเทล จักไขปริศนาให้ฟัง เบื้องต้น ขอให้ท่านลองพิจารณาตนเอง ว่าเคยประสบพบพานเหตุการณ์เหล่านี้หรือไม่: * ตั้งมั่นว่า จักเสี่ยงโชคให้ได้กำไรเพียงเล็กน้อย แล้วจักหยุดพัก * แต่หากพลาดท่าเสียที จักจำกัดการสูญเสียให้เท่าทุนเดิมที่ตั้งไว้ * ครั้นเมื่อเวทมนตร์เข้าข้าง ได้กำไรมาแล้ว กลับโลภโมโทสัน อยากได้เพิ่มอีกนิด จึงร่ายเวทย์ต่อ * ทว่ากำไรเริ่มร่อยหรอ จนเหลือเพียงทุนเดิม สุดท้ายทุนที่ตั้งไว้คราแรกก็มลายสิ้น * จำต้องหาเงินทองมาลงเพิ่ม หวังทวงทุนคืน และพบว่าต้องสูญเสียเงินก้อนนั้นไปในห้วงเวลาต่อมา ลำดับเหตุการณ์ดังกล่าว เรียกได้ว่าเป็น “วงจรอุบาทว์” สำหรับนักพนันมากมายในเฮรันเทล ปริศนาที่ตามมาก็คือ เหตุใด “วงจรอุบาทว์” นี้จึงเกิดขึ้นซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่า? ส่วนหนึ่ง ย่อมเป็นเพราะอารมณ์อันแปรปรวนในการเสี่ยงโชคของแต่ละคน แต่อีกส่วนที่สำคัญยิ่งกว่า ต้องกล่าวว่าเป็นผลจาก “กลไกต้องสาป” ของจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ซึ่งต้องกล่าวว่า เหล่าเจ้าของหอคอยรัตติกาลนั้น จักใช้หลักการทำนองเดียวกับ “สมาคมพ่อค้าผู้พิทักษ์” คือจักเก็บเงินทองจากชนจำนวนมาก เพื่อนำมาจ่ายให้กับชนเพียงหยิบมือ เพื่อล่อลวงให้ชนทั้งหลายเสี่ยงโชคต่อไป หรือทำให้เหล่านักพนันหวังว่า จักเป็นผู้โชคดีเฉกเช่นพวกเขาบ้าง แม้จะมีผู้โชคดีที่สามารถได้กำไรในเบื้องต้น แต่ในบั้นปลายก็จักพ่ายแพ้อยู่ดี ซึ่งเป็นไปตาม “กฎแห่งจำนวนมหาศาล” เพราะจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาลนั้น ได้คำนวณและออกแบบระบบเกมที่ตนเองได้เปรียบในระยะยาวแล้ว จากตำนานนี้ ย่อมประจักษ์ชัดว่า แม้การพนันจักเป็นเรื่องของดวงชะตา แต่ก็ถูกรังสรรค์ขึ้นจากการคำนวณทางคณิตศาสตร์ ดังนั้น หากปรารถนาจะหาหนทางเอาชนะจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ก็จำต้องเข้าใจ “คณิตศาสตร์” เสียก่อน ทีนี้ จงเงี่ยหูฟัง แล้วท่านจักได้ยินข้าไขปริศนา: ๑. ปริศนาแห่ง “กำไรคาดหวัง” สำหรับการแสวงหา “เกมเสี่ยงทาย” ที่ควรค่าแก่การเล่น หรือการเสี่ยง สิ่งแรกที่นักพนันพึงกระทำคือ “การประเมินกำไรคาดหวัง” หรือ “เวทคำนวณอนาคต” “กำไรคาดหวัง” ถูกคิดค้นโดย คริสเตียน ฮอยเกนส์ นักปราชญ์เวทย์ชาวดัตช์ เพื่อประเมินว่าเกมพนันแบบใดควรค่าแก่การเล่น ซึ่งมิใช่เพียงแค่การประเมินโอกาสแห่งชัยชนะเท่านั้น แต่ต้องคิดรวมขนาดของเงินเดิมพันไปด้วย โดยสูตรเวทย์คือ: กำไรคาดหวัง = (เงินที่ได้ x โอกาสชนะ) + (เงินที่เสีย x โอกาสแพ้) ดังนั้น หากปรารถนาจะสะสม “ทองคำมายา” ในระยะยาว จงเลือกเกมที่มี “กำไรคาดหวัง” เป็นบวก แต่หากพลาดพลั้งเข้าไปเล่นเกมที่ “กำไรคาดหวัง” เป็นลบ และบังเอิญว่าโชคชะตาเล่นตลกให้ได้เงินทองมาครอง พึงละทิ้งเกมนั้นเสียโดยพลัน เพราะท้ายที่สุดหากยังคงเล่นต่อไป ผู้อับโชคผู้นั้นก็คือตัวท่านเอง อย่างไรก็ตาม โดยธรรมดาแล้ว “กำไรคาดหวัง” ของเกมพนันที่มีเจ้ามือมักจักติดลบ จึงเป็นเรื่องยากยิ่งที่จะเอาชนะได้ เฉกเช่นตัวอย่างที่เราเห็น คือเกมในบ่อนพนัน หรือแม้แต่ “สลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล” ก็ล้วนเป็นเกมที่มี “กำไรคาดหวัง” ติดลบทั้งสิ้น นอกจาก “กำไรคาดหวัง” จักถูกใช้กับการพนันได้แล้ว หลักเวทย์ “คณิตศาสตร์” ก็ยังสามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับการลงทุนได้ไม่แตกต่างกัน ตัวอย่างเช่น หากท่านเก็บสถิติข้อมูลการลงทุนของตนเอง แล้วพบว่ามีเพียงสามสิบส่วนร้อยเท่านั้น ที่ท่านซื้อ “ศิลาแห่งโชค” แล้วสร้างผลตอบแทนเป็นบวก แต่ท่านยังคงปรารถนาความสำเร็จในการลงทุน ก็จงจำกัดการขาดทุนแต่ละคราให้น้อยเข้าไว้ เช่น -๕% และปล่อยให้มีกำไรในแต่ละคราที่ลงทุน เช่น อย่างน้อย ๒๐% ซึ่งจากการใช้กลยุทธ์นี้ ท่านจักมี “กำไรคาดหวัง” = (๒๐% x ๐.๓) + (-๕% x ๐.๗) = ๒.๕% จักเห็นได้ว่า แม้ท่านจักมีจำนวนคราที่ขาดทุนบ่อยครั้ง แต่ก็ยังสามารถสร้างกำไรได้ หากคราที่กำไรนั้น สามารถทำเงินทองเป็นจำนวนมากได้ ๒. ปริศนาแห่ง “การบริหารหน้าตัก” หรือ “การบริหารเงินทุน” แม้ว่าท่านจักรับรู้ “กำไรคาดหวัง” แล้ว แต่หากท่านเผชิญหน้ากับการขาดทุนต่อเนื่องกัน ท่านก็อาจหมดเนื้อหมดตัวก่อนถึงคราที่จะกอบโกยเงินทองจากคราที่กำไร วิธีคลายปมปริศนานี้ก็คือ การมิลงเงินทองทั้งหมดของท่านในการลงทุนเพียงคราเดียว ซึ่งนอกจากการกระจายความเสี่ยงในการลงทุนหลาย “ศิลาแห่งโชค” หรือหลาย “เกมเสี่ยงทาย” แล้ว ท่านอาจกำหนดขนาดของการลงทุนแต่ละคราให้มิมากเกินไป แบบง่าย ๆ เช่น มิเกิน ๑๐% ของเงินลงทุนทั้งหมด หรือท่านอาจคำนวณขนาดของการลงทุนแต่ละคราด้วยสูตรทางคณิตศาสตร์ เช่น สูตร “การขาดทุนสูงสุดที่ท่านรับได้ (Value at Risk)” หรือ สูตร “ขนาดเดิมพันที่เหมาะสม (Kelly Formula)” ๓. ปริศนาแห่ง “อคติ” ในวงการพนัน มักมีอคติหนึ่งที่บังเกิดบ่อยครั้งกับผู้คน คือ “Gambler's Fallacy” หรือ “ความเชื่อผิด ๆ แห่งนักพนัน” ว่าหากเหตุการณ์หนึ่งบังเกิดบ่อยครั้งกว่าปรกติในช่วงเวลาหนึ่ง ๆ เหตุการณ์นั้นจักบังเกิดบ่อยครั้งน้อยลงในอนาคต ทั้ง ๆ ที่เหตุการณ์เหล่านั้นเป็นอิสระจากกันในทางสถิติ ยกตัวอย่างเช่น หากโยนเหรียญมนตราออกหัวไปแล้วสามครา ในคราที่สี่ หลายคนอาจคิดว่าโอกาสออกก้อยมากกว่าหัว แม้ว่าการโยนเหรียญแต่ละคราจะมิได้ส่งผลอันใดต่อกันเลย (จะโยนกี่ครา โอกาสหัวหรือก้อย ก็คือ ๕๐:๕๐ อยู่ยั่งยืน) หรือแม้กระทั่ง “สลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล” มีหลายคนที่ซื้อเลขซ้ำกัน เพื่อหวังว่าจะถูกในงวดต่อ ๆ ไป ในวงการการลงทุน ก็มีลักษณะที่คล้ายคลึงกัน เช่น หาก “ศิลาแห่งโชค A” ราคาตกต่ำลงมาห้าครา บางคนอาจคิดว่าในคราที่หก ราคาของมันจักต้องเด้งขึ้นมา ซึ่งในความเป็นจริง หาได้เป็นเช่นนั้นเสมอไป จักเห็นได้ว่า แท้จริงแล้ว ไม่ว่าจักเป็น “เกมเสี่ยงทายแห่งโชคชะตา” หรือ “การผจญภัยในตลาดทุน” หากท่านมีความเข้าใจ และนำ “คณิตศาสตร์” เข้ามาเป็นรากฐาน มันก็อาจนำพาตัวท่านเอง ไปสู่จุดที่ได้เปรียบในเกมนั้น ได้เฉกเช่นกัน.. สูตรเวทย์มนตร์ที่ปรากฏในตำนาน: * กำไรคาดหวัง = (เงินที่ได้ x โอกาสชนะ) + (เงินที่เสีย x โอกาสแพ้) คำเตือนจากนักเล่าเรื่องแห่งเฮรันเทล: "พึงระลึกไว้เสมอว่า โชคชะตาเป็นสิ่งที่คาดเดาได้ยาก แม้เวทมนตร์คณิตศาสตร์จักช่วยนำทาง แต่ท้ายที่สุดแล้ว ความสำเร็จยังคงขึ้นอยู่กับการตัดสินใจและสติปัญญาของท่านเอง"

หวังว่าตำนานบทนี้จักเป็นประโยชน์แก่ท่านนะคะ

@ 37c10448:f8256861

Title H1

Hello !

@ 2183e947:f497b975

Today I was invited to participate in the private beta of a new social media protocol called Pubky, designed by a bitcoin company called Synonym with the goal of being better than existing social media platforms. As a heavy nostr user, I thought I'd write up a comparison.

I can't tell you how to create your own accounts because it was made very clear that only some of the software is currently open source, and how this will all work is still a bit up in the air. The code that is open source can be found here: https://github.com/pubky -- and the most important repo there seems to be this one: https://github.com/pubky/pubky-core

You can also learn more about Pubky here: https://pubky.org/

That said, I used my invite code to create a pubky account and it seemed very similar to onboarding to nostr. I generated a private key, backed up 12 words, and the onboarding website gave me a public key.

Then I logged into a web-based client and it looked a lot like twitter. I saw a feed for posts by other users and saw options to reply to posts and give reactions, which, I saw, included hearts, thumbs up, and other emojis.

Then I investigated a bit deeper to see how much it was like nostr. I opened up my developer console and navigated to my networking tab, where, if this was nostr, I would expect to see queries to relays for posts. Here, though, I saw one query that seemed to be repeated on a loop, which went to a single server and provided it with my pubkey. That single query (well, a series of identical queries to the same server) seemed to return all posts that showed up on my feed. So I infer that the server "knows" what posts to show me (perhaps it has some sort of algorithm, though the marketing material says it does not use algorithms) and the query was on a loop so that if any new posts came in that the server thinks I might want to see, it can add them to my feed.

Then I checked what happens when I create a post. I did so and looked at what happened in my networking tab. If this was nostr, I would expect to see multiple copies of a signed messaged get sent to a bunch of relays. Here, though, I saw one message get sent to the same server that was populating my feed, and that message was not signed, it was a plaintext copy of my message.

I happened to be in a group chat with John Carvalho at the time, who is associated with pubky. I asked him what was going on, and he said that pubky is based around three types of servers: homeservers, DHT servers, and indexer servers. The homeserver is where you create posts and where you query for posts to show on your feed. DHT servers are used for censorship resistance: each user creates an entry on a DHT server saying what homeserver they use, and these entries are signed by their key.

As for indexers, I think those are supposed to speed up the use of the DHT servers. From what I could tell, indexers query DHT servers to find out what homeservers people use. When you query a homeserver for posts, it is supposed to reach out to indexer servers to find out the homeservers of people whose posts the homeserver decided to show you, and then query those homeservers for those posts. I believe they decided not to look up what homeservers people use directly on DHT servers directly because DHT servers are kind of slow, due to having to store and search through all sorts of non-social-media content, whereas indexers only store a simple db that maps each user's pubkey to their homeserver, so they are faster.

Based on all of this info, it seems like, to populate your feed, this is the series of steps:

• you tell your homeserver your pubkey
• it uses some sort of algorithm to decide whose posts to show you
• then looks up the homeservers used by those people on an indexer server
• then it fetches posts from their homeservers
• then your client displays them to you

To create a post, this is the series of steps:

• you tell your homeserver what you want to say to the world
• it stores that message in plaintext and merely asserts that it came from you (it's not signed)
• other people can find out what you said by querying for your posts on your homeserver

Since posts on homeservers are not signed, I asked John what prevents a homeserver from just making up stuff and claiming I said it. He said nothing stops them from doing that, and if you are using a homeserver that starts acting up in that manner, what you should do is start using a new homeserver and update your DHT record to point at your new homeserver instead of the old one. Then, indexers should update their db to show where your new homeserver is, and the homeservers of people who "follow" you should stop pulling content from your old homeserver and start pulling it from your new one. If their homeserver is misbehaving too, I'm not sure what would happen. Maybe it could refuse to show them the content you've posted on your new homeserver, keeping making up fake content on your behalf that you've never posted, and maybe the people you follow would never learn you're being impersonated or have moved to a new homeserver.

John also clarified that there is not currently any tooling for migrating user content from one homeserver to another. If pubky gets popular and a big homeserver starts misbehaving, users will probably need such a tool. But these are early days, so there aren't that many homeservers, and the ones that exist seem to be pretty trusted.

Anyway, those are my initial thoughts on Pubky. Learn more here: https://pubky.org/

@ b1b16be0:08f41c1d

What if Nostr app could save an Illiterate country?

Guatemala is the most illiterate country in Hispanic America at levels as serious as Africa.

About 30% of the population aged 15 or over cannot read or write. This figure rises in rural areas, where illiteracy reaches even more worrying levels, affecting mainly women and indigenous populations.

Limiting their access to paid jobs, their ability to access health services, and their full participation in political and social life. Education is a fundamental right, but there are still large gaps in access and educational quality, especially in rural areas and in communities with high poverty rates.

What if there was an application similar to Duolingo, but that allowed people to learn to read and write while earning Satoshis (Sats) This proposal not only sounds innovative, but could be a powerful tool to combat the country's illiteracy.

The idea of an app that rewards learning "learn to earn"

Duolingo is a popular platform that has proven to be effective in teaching languages through a gamified approach. If that model could be replicated, but with a specific focus on reading and writing, and above all reward users with sats, it could offer two key benefits: encourage learning and offer a direct economic opportunity to users.

Satoshis, being a low-cost and easy-to-access, can be a motivating tool. Many people in Guatemala, especially those in rural areas, do not have access to a traditional banking system, much less to a national identity document, but they have access to mobile phones and the internet, which facilitates the inclusion of an alternative form of value. With this additional motivation, people would be more willing to invest time in learning, knowing that they can get a tangible reward for their effort.

https://image.nostr.build/9da1c3b9478be817e82c891fdceaf87905a4d68876e9190240a8f979ebd35b40.jpg

Will there be developers interested in helping?

In addition, the technology sector globally is increasingly focused on open source, financial inclusion and the use of Bitcoin as an empowerment tool.

A project like this could attract developers interested in creating inclusive technological solutions that not only improve the quality of life of Guatemalans, but also promote access to new economic opportunities through digital tools. Is the possibility of working on a project with social impact, which combines education and Bitcoin, something that could excite many developers?

Algorithms for a greater impact on the illiterate

For this application to be truly effective, it is not enough to replicate existing models. The platform's algorithms would need to be adapted to focus specifically on the needs of the illiterate. The algorithm would have to be flexible enough to adapt to different levels of learning and ensure that users can progress gradually and effectively. (That it can identify literate users who only want the reward).

This could include:

1. Reinforce basic learning: Include exercises focused on phonetics, letter recognition and word construction, something that is not so central in language learning applications.

2. Personalized gamification: Use a system of rewards and levels that motivates users to continue learning, adapting to their learning pace. Sats could accumulate as the user progresses, which could be an additional incentive.

3. Interactivity and visual support: Incorporate visual elements, such as images or videos, that help users associate words with objects or actions, which would be especially useful for those with few previous educational resources.

4. Collaborative learning: Create a community within the application where users can interact, share their progress, and perhaps even solve doubts from others, which would foster an environment of collective learning.

5. This country is also one of those that suffers the most from malnutrition as much as Africa. By having Sats they can exchange them for grains or legumes in the market. That the community in turn learns from the value of Bitcoin and can the markets go through a circular economy.

https://image.nostr.build/ed3805f6c695519ec8327ce6ee9900ec235d714a20a542b5559d9e6c63bc4496.jpg

Is this a feasible idea or just a fantasy?

This type of project could be really valuable. While there are technological and economic challenges, the combination of education and Bitcoin is a growing trend, and Guatemala has the potential to benefit greatly from it. The integration of an accessible platform, which encourages learning and offers a direct reward, can be the key to improving literacy rates in the country.

If you think long-term, this application could not only help reduce illiteracy, but also increase financial inclusion, offering people a way to earn income digitally. This country is one of those with the most migrants to the United States due to lack of work and extreme poverty.

It is clear that there are challenges to bring this idea to reality. Even so, I wouldn't be fantasizing. These types of projects are increasingly common in the digital world, and with the commitment of the technological community, along with the support of organizations that promote education and inclusion, a real difference could be made in the lives of millions of Guatemalans.

In conclusion, Guatemala faces high levels of illiteracy that limit the opportunities for personal and economic development of its population. Could an application that combines learning with economic rewards be an innovative solution to reduce this problem? Although there are challenges, the potential positive impact of this type of initiative is indisputable, and could mark a before and after in the educational and financial history of the country.

I’m not dev but if you know the next step please send me an inbox!

@ f5836228:1af99dad

A 4444win vem se destacando no cenário de entretenimento online no Brasil por oferecer uma experiência inovadora, segura e repleta de oportunidades para os jogadores. Com uma interface intuitiva, ampla variedade de jogos e suporte eficiente, a plataforma se consolida como uma das melhores opções para quem busca diversão com a chance de conquistar prêmios reais.

Desde sua criação, a 4444win tem como objetivo proporcionar um ambiente moderno e confiável para seus usuários. Com tecnologia de ponta, o site foi desenvolvido para ser acessível tanto em computadores quanto em dispositivos móveis, permitindo que os jogadores se divirtam de onde estiverem. Além disso, a navegação é fluida e bem organizada, o que facilita a busca por jogos e serviços disponíveis.

Outro ponto que merece destaque é o compromisso com a segurança dos dados dos usuários. A plataforma utiliza criptografia avançada e segue rigorosos protocolos de proteção de informações, garantindo uma experiência tranquila e sem preocupações.

Jogos para Todos os Gostos A grande estrela da 4444win é, sem dúvida, sua diversidade de jogos. O catálogo foi cuidadosamente selecionado para agradar a diferentes perfis de jogadores, desde os iniciantes até os mais experientes. Entre as opções disponíveis, estão:

Slots temáticos: com gráficos envolventes, animações vibrantes e uma mecânica fácil de entender, os slots são ideais para quem busca partidas rápidas e empolgantes.

Jogos de cartas: clássicos como pôquer, blackjack e baccarat estão disponíveis em versões modernas e dinâmicas, com regras claras e possibilidades de ganhos atrativas.

Roletas virtuais: com diferentes estilos e formatos, a roleta oferece uma experiência emocionante com cada giro, sempre com resultados aleatórios e justos.

Jogos ao vivo: para quem busca uma experiência mais imersiva, os jogos com transmissão em tempo real permitem interações com apresentadores e outros jogadores, trazendo um toque social à diversão.

Todos os jogos são fornecidos por desenvolvedores renomados internacionalmente, o que garante qualidade gráfica, mecânicas bem elaboradas e resultados auditáveis.

Experiência do Jogador: Diversão com Responsabilidade Um dos diferenciais da 4444win é o cuidado com a experiência do usuário. A plataforma oferece bônus de boas-vindas e promoções frequentes, que aumentam as chances de jogar por mais tempo sem precisar fazer grandes investimentos. Além disso, o sistema de fidelidade recompensa os jogadores frequentes com vantagens exclusivas.

O suporte ao cliente funciona 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, e está disponível em português. Seja por chat ao vivo, e-mail ou redes sociais, a equipe de atendimento está sempre pronta para resolver dúvidas e auxiliar em qualquer etapa da jornada do usuário.

A 4444win também promove o jogo responsável, oferecendo ferramentas como limites de depósito, autoexclusão temporária e acesso a informações educativas para garantir que a diversão aconteça de forma saudável e equilibrada.

Conclusão Com uma estrutura sólida, ampla variedade de jogos e foco total no bem-estar do usuário, a 4444win se firma como uma das plataformas de entretenimento mais completas e confiáveis do Brasil. Seja para quem está começando ou para quem já tem experiência no universo dos jogos online, a 4444win oferece tudo o que é necessário para momentos emocionantes, recompensadores e seguros.

Explore, jogue e descubra as oportunidades que a 4444win tem a oferecer. A diversão está só começando!

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

The Peano axioms are a set of rules that define the natural numbers (like 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on) in a logical way. Here’s a simplified explanation: 1. There is a first number: There is a number called zero, and it is the starting point for all natural numbers. 2. Each number has a next number: Every number has a unique “successor,” or the number that comes after it (like 1 comes after 0, 2 comes after 1, etc.). 3. Zero is special: Zero is not the “next” number of any other number. This means the sequence of natural numbers doesn’t loop back to zero. 4. No two numbers are the same if they have different successors: If two numbers have the same “next” number, then they must actually be the same number. 5. Patterns hold for all numbers: If something is true for zero, and it stays true when moving from one number to the next, then it must be true for all numbers.

These principles lay the groundwork for understanding and working with the natural numbers systematically.

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

Power as the Reduction of Possibilities: Niklas Luhmann’s Perspective

Niklas Luhmann, a leading figure in systems theory, offers a unique conceptualization of power that diverges from traditional notions of domination or coercion. Rather than viewing power as a forceful imposition of will, Luhmann frames it as a mechanism for reducing possibilities within a given social system. For Luhmann, power is less about direct coercion and more about structuring decision-making processes by limiting the range of available options.

In his systems-theoretical approach, Luhmann argues that power operates as a communication medium, enabling complex social systems to function by simplifying the overwhelming array of potential actions. In any decision-making context, there are countless possibilities, and not all can be pursued. Power serves as a tool to focus attention, filter alternatives, and channel behavior toward specific actions while excluding others. This reduction of options creates a manageable environment for coordinated action, which is essential for the stability of a system.

Importantly, this process does not inherently involve force or threats. Instead, power works through expectations, norms, and structures that guide behavior. For example, in an organizational setting, the hierarchy of authority determines which decisions are permissible, thereby shaping the actions of individuals without overt coercion. The employees’ actions are not forced; rather, they are conditioned by the organizational framework, which narrows their choices.

Luhmann’s idea redefines power as a productive force in social systems. By limiting possibilities, power reduces uncertainty, making collaboration and collective action possible. It ensures that systems can function efficiently despite their inherent complexity. This perspective shifts the emphasis from conflict to coordination, offering a more nuanced understanding of how power operates in modern societies.

In sum, Niklas Luhmann’s theory of power as the reduction of possibilities highlights its integrative role in enabling social systems to navigate complexity. It challenges conventional views of power as coercion, emphasizing its capacity to organize and stabilize interactions through the selective limitation of actions.

@ 4fa5d1c4:fd6c6e41

Bibel-Selfies

Prompts

Eva, Schlange, Apfel und Adam

A selfie of a woman resembling eve in the time of old testament, blurred body, holding an apple, kneeling in front adam. he has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a huge snake behind her. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with adam and eve, possibly at a place like garden eden. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudha --v 6.0

Tochter des Pharao mit Mose

A selfie of the biblical figure moabite woman with her baby in front of an oasis. She is wearing traditional and has black hair. The background shows water from the desert oasis and grasses around it. In the Background a wicker basket on the water. The photo was taken in the style of a selfie shot with GoPro camera

Simon Petrus

A selfie of a man resembling Simon Petrus, wearing a white robe, surrounded by waves and thunderstorm. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many waves behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus at the dead sea, possibly at a place like the sea. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Zachäus auf dem Baum

A selfie of a man resembling a roman in the time of jesus, wearing a glamorous robe, surrounded by the crown of a tree. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many leaves behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus walking by, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Maria am Ostermorgen

A selfie of a woman resembling maria in the time of jesus, wearing a robe, kneeling in front of stone grave. she has a shocked expression with her mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with the open glowing grave behind her. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus resurrection, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Der verlorene Sohn bei den Schweinen

A young ancient arabic man with short hair in the time of jesus, brown eyes, and a dirty face, covered in mud from working on his pig farm, takes an amateur selfie at dusk. He is surrounded by pig stables, with a barn visible in the background and pigs seen near the front. The photo captures a raw, authentic moment, as he gazes directly into the camera with an expression of excitement or wonder. The image has a realistic style, akin to Unsplash photography, and is meant to be posted on a primitive-themed social network. The resolution of the photo is high, style of selfie with gopro --v 6.0

Vater und Sohn vereint

A selfie of an Arab father in simple garments in the time of jesus, embracing and hugging a young man. The father's face, visible in the foreground, radiates joy and relief. Only the back of the son's head is visible, as he faces away from the camera, returning the embrace in tattered clothing. In the background, a large ancient house and other family members can be seen watching from a distance, blurred. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens using a GoPro, enhancing the dramatic and overwhelming effect of the scene --v 6.0

Bartimäus

A selfie of a man resembling blind bartimaeus in the time of jesus, black and brown and white bandages on his head over his eyes and face, wearing a robe, kneeling in front of a market place. he has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes still covered with black and brown and white bandages on his head, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many sand behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus healing the blind, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudha --v 6.0

Daniel in der Löwengrube

A selfie of a man resembling Jesus, wearing a beige hoodie, surrounded by lions and cheetahs. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many lions behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a lion's den, possibly at a place like the Grand Tabahar. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary

David und Goliath

selfie of a the boy and shepherd david holding his slingshot resembling a fight with the giant goliath in the time of old testament, wearing a glamorous sligshot focusing on his giant opponent. David has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a desert surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of the scene of David fighting with the giant goliath with his slingshot, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Simson im Philistertempel

A selfie of a man resembling simson in the time of old testament, wearing a glamorous beard and long hair, surrounded by thousands of ancient fighters. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a temple surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus walking by, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Jona und der Wal

A selfie of a man resembling israeli jona in the time of old testament,`wearing a glamorous beard and long hair, inside the body of a whale. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with the ocean surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene in the bible. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary

Jakob und Isaak

A selfie of a young man resembling an ancient Arabic in clothes made of skins of goats and furs of the goats, looking overwhelmed and distressed as he betrays his father, who blesses him. The scene shows a dawn sky with hints of the sunrise, evoking a surreal and dramatic atmosphere. The scene is set in ancient Jerusalem, with stone buildings. in the background an old man with a gesture of blessing, rising his hands to the sky, The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, blending surrealism with humor. The style is reminiscent of a GoPro selfie, capturing the intense moment with a sense of both fear and surprise

Petrus und der Hahn

A selfie of a man resembling ancient young arabic man saint in traditional biblical attire, being eaten by a whale,. he has a shocked expression with his mouth pressed and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with one rooster crowing out loud behind the man. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with peter and the rooster, possibly at a place in jerusalem . The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, go pro selfie, morning dawn near sunrise setting

Josef im Brunnen

A selfie of an ancient israelian man with a magical dreamcoat clothing in a deep well, looking at the camera from above, captured in the style of a go pro selfie stick

Elia und die Raben

A close-up selfie of a bearded man (Elijah) in biblical clothing, smiling gratefully. He is standing near a stream in a secluded, rocky area. Several black ravens are perched on his shoulders and arms, holding pieces of bread and meat in their beaks. The scene has a warm, golden light, symbolizing God's provision. Photorealistic style, high detail.

Absalom im Baum

A selfie of a man resembling of a young man (Absalom) with long hair knotted arount the branches of a large oak tree.. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with all of his hairs knotted around the tree. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene of a robin hood movie in the forest . The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor

Ruth und Boas im Weizenfeld

A selfie of a young woman resembling Ruth, with a radiant smile and sun-kissed skin. She's standing in a golden wheat field at sunset, her arms filled with freshly gathered sheaves of wheat. Her hair is partially covered with a simple headscarf, with loose strands blowing in the wind. She has a look of joy and gratitude in her eyes. The scene appears idyllic, with wheat stalks seeming to embrace her. In the background, a distinguished older man (Boaz) can be seen watching from a distance, his expression a mix of curiosity and admiration. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, capturing the vastness of the field, the warmth of the setting sun, and Boaz in the distance. The setting is reminiscent of a biblical harvest scene. The style of the photo blends realism with a touch of romantic nostalgia.

"Bibel-Selfies" von Jörg Lohrer Lizenz: CC0 1.0 .

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@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

The History of Bananas as an Exportable Fruit and the Rise of Banana Republics

Bananas became a significant export in the late 19th century, fueled by advancements in transportation and refrigeration that allowed the fruit to travel long distances without spoilage. Originally native to Southeast Asia, bananas were introduced to the Americas by European colonists. By the late 1800s, companies like the United Fruit Company (later Chiquita) and Standard Fruit Company (now Dole) began cultivating bananas on a large scale in Central America and the Caribbean.

These corporations capitalized on the fruit’s appeal—bananas were cheap, nutritious, and easy to transport. The fruit quickly became a staple in Western markets, especially in the United States. However, the rapid expansion of banana exports came at a significant political and social cost to the countries where the fruit was grown.

To maintain control over banana production and maximize profits, these companies required vast amounts of arable land, labor, and favorable trade conditions. This often led them to form close relationships with local governments, many of which were authoritarian and corrupt. The companies influenced policies to secure land concessions, suppress labor rights, and maintain low taxes.

The term “banana republic” was coined by writer O. Henry in 1904 to describe countries—particularly in Central America—that became politically unstable due to their economic dependence on a single export crop, often controlled by foreign corporations.

The U.S. government frequently supported these regimes as part of its broader strategy during the Cold War to counter communist influence in the region. Washington feared that labor movements and demands for land reform, often supported by the peasantry and indigenous groups, could lead to the rise of socialist or communist governments. Consequently, the U.S. backed coups, such as the 1954 overthrow of Guatemala’s democratically elected President Jacobo Árbenz, who had threatened United Fruit’s interests by redistributing unused land.

These interventions created a legacy of exploitation, environmental degradation, and political instability in many banana-exporting countries. While bananas remain a global dietary staple, their history underscores the complex interplay of economics, politics, and imperialism.

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Es ist völlig unbestritten, dass der Angriff der russischen Armee auf die Ukraine im Februar 2022 strikt zu verurteilen ist. Ebenso unbestritten ist Russland unter Wladimir Putin keine brillante Demokratie. Aus diesen Tatsachen lässt sich jedoch nicht das finstere Bild des russischen Präsidenten – und erst recht nicht des Landes – begründen, das uns durchweg vorgesetzt wird und den Kern des aktuellen europäischen Bedrohungs-Szenarios darstellt. Da müssen wir schon etwas genauer hinschauen.

Der vorliegende Artikel versucht derweil nicht, den Einsatz von Gewalt oder die Verletzung von Menschenrechten zu rechtfertigen oder zu entschuldigen – ganz im Gegenteil. Dass jedoch der Verdacht des «Putinverstehers» sofort latent im Raume steht, verdeutlicht, was beim Thema «Russland» passiert: Meinungsmache und Manipulation.

Angesichts der mentalen Mobilmachung seitens Politik und Medien sowie des Bestrebens, einen bevorstehenden Krieg mit Russland geradezu herbeizureden, ist es notwendig, dieser fatalen Entwicklung entgegenzutreten. Wenn wir uns nur ein wenig von der herrschenden Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei freimachen, tauchen automatisch Fragen auf, die Risse im offiziellen Narrativ enthüllen. Grund genug, nachzuhaken.

Wer sich schon länger auch abseits der Staats- und sogenannten Leitmedien informiert, der wird in diesem Artikel vermutlich nicht viel Neues erfahren. Andere könnten hier ein paar unbekannte oder vergessene Aspekte entdecken. Möglicherweise klärt sich in diesem Kontext die Wahrnehmung der aktuellen (unserer eigenen!) Situation ein wenig.

Manipulation erkennen

Corona-«Pandemie», menschengemachter Klimawandel oder auch Ukraine-Krieg: Jede Menge Krisen, und für alle gibt es ein offizielles Narrativ, dessen Hinterfragung unerwünscht ist. Nun ist aber ein Narrativ einfach eine Erzählung, eine Geschichte (Latein: «narratio») und kein Tatsachenbericht. Und so wie ein Märchen soll auch das Narrativ eine Botschaft vermitteln.

Über die Methoden der Manipulation ist viel geschrieben worden, sowohl in Bezug auf das Individuum als auch auf die Massen. Sehr wertvolle Tipps dazu, wie man Manipulationen durchschauen kann, gibt ein Büchlein [1] von Albrecht Müller, dem Herausgeber der NachDenkSeiten.

Die Sprache selber eignet sich perfekt für die Manipulation. Beispielsweise kann die Wortwahl Bewertungen mitschwingen lassen, regelmäßiges Wiederholen (gerne auch von verschiedenen Seiten) lässt Dinge irgendwann «wahr» erscheinen, Übertreibungen fallen auf und hinterlassen wenigstens eine Spur im Gedächtnis, genauso wie Andeutungen. Belege spielen dabei keine Rolle.

Es gibt auffällig viele Sprachregelungen, die offenbar irgendwo getroffen und irgendwie koordiniert werden. Oder alle Redenschreiber und alle Medien kopieren sich neuerdings permanent gegenseitig. Welchen Zweck hat es wohl, wenn der Krieg in der Ukraine durchgängig und quasi wörtlich als «russischer Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine» bezeichnet wird? Obwohl das in der Sache richtig ist, deutet die Art der Verwendung auf gezielte Beeinflussung hin und soll vor allem das Feindbild zementieren.

Sprachregelungen dienen oft der Absicherung einer einseitigen Darstellung. Das Gleiche gilt für das Verkürzen von Informationen bis hin zum hartnäckigen Verschweigen ganzer Themenbereiche. Auch hierfür gibt es rund um den Ukraine-Konflikt viele gute Beispiele.

Das gewünschte Ergebnis solcher Methoden ist eine Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei, bei der einer eindeutig als «der Böse» markiert ist und die anderen automatisch «die Guten» sind. Das ist praktisch und demonstriert gleichzeitig ein weiteres Manipulationswerkzeug: die Verwendung von Doppelstandards. Wenn man es schafft, bei wichtigen Themen regelmäßig mit zweierlei Maß zu messen, ohne dass das Publikum protestiert, dann hat man freie Bahn.

Experten zu bemühen, um bestimmte Sachverhalte zu erläutern, ist sicher sinnvoll, kann aber ebenso missbraucht werden, schon allein durch die Auswahl der jeweiligen Spezialisten. Seit «Corona» werden viele erfahrene und ehemals hoch angesehene Fachleute wegen der «falschen Meinung» diffamiert und gecancelt. [2] Das ist nicht nur ein brutaler Umgang mit Menschen, sondern auch eine extreme Form, die öffentliche Meinung zu steuern.

Wann immer wir also erkennen (weil wir aufmerksam waren), dass wir bei einem bestimmten Thema manipuliert werden, dann sind zwei logische und notwendige Fragen: Warum? Und was ist denn richtig? In unserem Russland-Kontext haben die Antworten darauf viel mit Geopolitik und Geschichte zu tun.

Ist Russland aggressiv und expansiv?

Angeblich plant Russland, europäische NATO-Staaten anzugreifen, nach dem Motto: «Zuerst die Ukraine, dann den Rest». In Deutschland weiß man dafür sogar das Datum: «Wir müssen bis 2029 kriegstüchtig sein», versichert Verteidigungsminister Pistorius.

Historisch gesehen ist es allerdings eher umgekehrt: Russland, bzw. die Sowjetunion, ist bereits dreimal von Westeuropa aus militärisch angegriffen worden. Die Feldzüge Napoleons, des deutschen Kaiserreichs und Nazi-Deutschlands haben Millionen Menschen das Leben gekostet. Bei dem ausdrücklichen Vernichtungskrieg ab 1941 kam es außerdem zu Brutalitäten wie der zweieinhalbjährigen Belagerung Leningrads (heute St. Petersburg) durch Hitlers Wehrmacht. Deren Ziel, die Bevölkerung auszuhungern, wurde erreicht: über eine Million tote Zivilisten.

Trotz dieser Erfahrungen stimmte Michail Gorbatschow 1990 der deutschen Wiedervereinigung zu und die Sowjetunion zog ihre Truppen aus Osteuropa zurück (vgl. Abb. 1). Der Warschauer Pakt wurde aufgelöst, der Kalte Krieg formell beendet. Die Sowjets erhielten damals von führenden westlichen Politikern die Zusicherung, dass sich die NATO «keinen Zentimeter ostwärts» ausdehnen würde, das ist dokumentiert. [3]

Expandiert ist die NATO trotzdem, und zwar bis an Russlands Grenzen (vgl. Abb. 2). Laut dem Politikberater Jeffrey Sachs handelt es sich dabei um ein langfristiges US-Projekt, das von Anfang an die Ukraine und Georgien mit einschloss. Offiziell wurde der Beitritt beiden Staaten 2008 angeboten. In jedem Fall könnte die massive Ost-Erweiterung seit 1999 aus russischer Sicht nicht nur als Vertrauensbruch, sondern durchaus auch als aggressiv betrachtet werden.

Russland hat den europäischen Staaten mehrfach die Hand ausgestreckt [4] für ein friedliches Zusammenleben und den «Aufbau des europäischen Hauses». Präsident Putin sei «in seiner ersten Amtszeit eine Chance für Europa» gewesen, urteilt die Journalistin und langjährige Russland-Korrespondentin der ARD, Gabriele Krone-Schmalz. Er habe damals viele positive Signale Richtung Westen gesendet.

Die Europäer jedoch waren scheinbar an einer Partnerschaft mit dem kontinentalen Nachbarn weniger interessiert als an der mit dem transatlantischen Hegemon. Sie verkennen bis heute, dass eine gedeihliche Zusammenarbeit in Eurasien eine Gefahr für die USA und deren bekundetes Bestreben ist, die «einzige Weltmacht» zu sein – «Full Spectrum Dominance» [5] nannte das Pentagon das. Statt einem neuen Kalten Krieg entgegenzuarbeiten, ließen sich europäische Staaten selber in völkerrechtswidrige «US-dominierte Angriffskriege» [6] verwickeln, wie in Serbien, Afghanistan, dem Irak, Libyen oder Syrien. Diese werden aber selten so benannt.

Speziell den Deutschen stünde außer einer Portion Realismus auch etwas mehr Dankbarkeit gut zu Gesicht. Das Geschichtsbewusstsein der Mehrheit scheint doch recht selektiv und das Selbstbewusstsein einiger etwas desorientiert zu sein. Bekanntermaßen waren es die Soldaten der sowjetischen Roten Armee, die unter hohen Opfern 1945 Deutschland «vom Faschismus befreit» haben. Bei den Gedenkfeiern zu 80 Jahren Kriegsende will jedoch das Auswärtige Amt – noch unter der Diplomatie-Expertin Baerbock, die sich schon länger offiziell im Krieg mit Russland wähnt, – nun keine Russen sehen: Sie sollen notfalls rausgeschmissen werden.

«Die Grundsatzfrage lautet: Geht es Russland um einen angemessenen Platz in einer globalen Sicherheitsarchitektur, oder ist Moskau schon seit langem auf einem imperialistischen Trip, der befürchten lassen muss, dass die Russen in fünf Jahren in Berlin stehen?»

So bringt Gabriele Krone-Schmalz [7] die eigentliche Frage auf den Punkt, die zur Einschätzung der Situation letztlich auch jeder für sich beantworten muss.

Was ist los in der Ukraine?

In der internationalen Politik geht es nie um Demokratie oder Menschenrechte, sondern immer um Interessen von Staaten. Diese These stammt von Egon Bahr, einem der Architekten der deutschen Ostpolitik des «Wandels durch Annäherung» aus den 1960er und 70er Jahren. Sie trifft auch auf den Ukraine-Konflikt zu, den handfeste geostrategische und wirtschaftliche Interessen beherrschen, obwohl dort angeblich «unsere Demokratie» verteidigt wird.

Es ist ein wesentliches Element des Ukraine-Narrativs und Teil der Manipulation, die Vorgeschichte des Krieges wegzulassen – mindestens die vor der russischen «Annexion» der Halbinsel Krim im März 2014, aber oft sogar komplett diejenige vor der Invasion Ende Februar 2022. Das Thema ist komplex, aber einige Aspekte, die für eine Beurteilung nicht unwichtig sind, will ich wenigstens kurz skizzieren. [8]

Das Gebiet der heutigen Ukraine und Russlands – die übrigens in der «Kiewer Rus» gemeinsame Wurzeln haben – hat der britische Geostratege Halford Mackinder bereits 1904 als eurasisches «Heartland» bezeichnet, dessen Kontrolle er eine große Bedeutung für die imperiale Strategie Großbritanniens zumaß. Für den ehemaligen Sicherheits- und außenpolitischen Berater mehrerer US-amerikanischer Präsidenten und Mitgründer der Trilateralen Kommission, Zbigniew Brzezinski, war die Ukraine nach der Auflösung der Sowjetunion ein wichtiger Spielstein auf dem «eurasischen Schachbrett», wegen seiner Nähe zu Russland, seiner Bodenschätze und seines Zugangs zum Schwarzen Meer.

Die Ukraine ist seit langem ein gespaltenes Land. Historisch zerrissen als Spielball externer Interessen und geprägt von ethnischen, kulturellen, religiösen und geografischen Unterschieden existiert bis heute, grob gesagt, eine Ost-West-Spaltung, welche die Suche nach einer nationalen Identität stark erschwert.

Insbesondere im Zuge der beiden Weltkriege sowie der Russischen Revolution entstanden tiefe Risse in der Bevölkerung. Ukrainer kämpften gegen Ukrainer, zum Beispiel die einen auf der Seite von Hitlers faschistischer Nazi-Armee und die anderen auf der von Stalins kommunistischer Roter Armee. Die Verbrechen auf beiden Seiten sind nicht vergessen. Dass nach der Unabhängigkeit 1991 versucht wurde, Figuren wie den radikalen Nationalisten Symon Petljura oder den Faschisten und Nazi-Kollaborateur Stepan Bandera als «Nationalhelden» zu installieren, verbessert die Sache nicht.

Während die USA und EU-Staaten zunehmend «ausländische Einmischung» (speziell russische) in «ihre Demokratien» wittern, betreiben sie genau dies seit Jahrzehnten in vielen Ländern der Welt. Die seit den 2000er Jahren bekannten «Farbrevolutionen» in Osteuropa werden oft als Methode des Regierungsumsturzes durch von außen gesteuerte «demokratische» Volksaufstände beschrieben. Diese Strategie geht auf Analysen zum «Schwarmverhalten» [9] seit den 1960er Jahren zurück (Studentenproteste), wo es um die potenzielle Wirksamkeit einer «rebellischen Hysterie» von Jugendlichen bei postmodernen Staatsstreichen geht. Heute nennt sich dieses gezielte Kanalisieren der Massen zur Beseitigung unkooperativer Regierungen «Soft-Power».

In der Ukraine gab es mit der «Orangen Revolution» 2004 und dem «Euromaidan» 2014 gleich zwei solcher «Aufstände». Der erste erzwang wegen angeblicher Unregelmäßigkeiten eine Wiederholung der Wahlen, was mit Wiktor Juschtschenko als neuem Präsidenten endete. Dieser war ehemaliger Direktor der Nationalbank und Befürworter einer Annäherung an EU und NATO. Seine Frau, die First Lady, ist US-amerikanische «Philanthropin» und war Beamtin im Weißen Haus in der Reagan- und der Bush-Administration.

Im Gegensatz zu diesem ersten Event endete der sogenannte Euromaidan unfriedlich und blutig. Die mehrwöchigen Proteste gegen Präsident Wiktor Janukowitsch, in Teilen wegen des nicht unterzeichneten Assoziierungsabkommens mit der EU, wurden zunehmend gewalttätiger und von Nationalisten und Faschisten des «Rechten Sektors» dominiert. Sie mündeten Ende Februar 2014 auf dem Kiewer Unabhängigkeitsplatz (Maidan) in einem Massaker durch Scharfschützen. Dass deren Herkunft und die genauen Umstände nicht geklärt wurden, störte die Medien nur wenig. [10]

Janukowitsch musste fliehen, er trat nicht zurück. Vielmehr handelte es sich um einen gewaltsamen, allem Anschein nach vom Westen inszenierten Putsch. Laut Jeffrey Sachs war das kein Geheimnis, außer vielleicht für die Bürger. Die USA unterstützten die Post-Maidan-Regierung nicht nur, sie beeinflussten auch ihre Bildung. Das geht unter anderem aus dem berühmten «Fuck the EU»-Telefonat der US-Chefdiplomatin für die Ukraine, Victoria Nuland, mit Botschafter Geoffrey Pyatt hervor.

Dieser Bruch der demokratischen Verfassung war letztlich der Auslöser für die anschließenden Krisen auf der Krim und im Donbass (Ostukraine). Angesichts der ukrainischen Geschichte mussten die nationalistischen Tendenzen und die Beteiligung der rechten Gruppen an dem Umsturz bei der russigsprachigen Bevölkerung im Osten ungute Gefühle auslösen. Es gab Kritik an der Übergangsregierung, Befürworter einer Abspaltung und auch für einen Anschluss an Russland.

Ebenso konnte Wladimir Putin in dieser Situation durchaus Bedenken wegen des Status der russischen Militärbasis für seine Schwarzmeerflotte in Sewastopol auf der Krim haben, für die es einen langfristigen Pachtvertrag mit der Ukraine gab. Was im März 2014 auf der Krim stattfand, sei keine Annexion, sondern eine Abspaltung (Sezession) nach einem Referendum gewesen, also keine gewaltsame Aneignung, urteilte der Rechtswissenschaftler Reinhard Merkel in der FAZ sehr detailliert begründet. Übrigens hatte die Krim bereits zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion den Status einer autonomen Republik innerhalb der Ukrainischen SSR.

Anfang April 2014 wurden in der Ostukraine die «Volksrepubliken» Donezk und Lugansk ausgerufen. Die Kiewer Übergangsregierung ging unter der Bezeichnung «Anti-Terror-Operation» (ATO) militärisch gegen diesen, auch von Russland instrumentalisierten Widerstand vor. Zufällig war kurz zuvor CIA-Chef John Brennan in Kiew. Die Maßnahmen gingen unter dem seit Mai neuen ukrainischen Präsidenten, dem Milliardär Petro Poroschenko, weiter. Auch Wolodymyr Selenskyj beendete den Bürgerkrieg nicht, als er 2019 vom Präsidenten-Schauspieler, der Oligarchen entmachtet, zum Präsidenten wurde. Er fuhr fort, die eigene Bevölkerung zu bombardieren.

Mit dem Einmarsch russischer Truppen in die Ostukraine am 24. Februar 2022 begann die zweite Phase des Krieges. Die Wochen und Monate davor waren intensiv. Im November hatte die Ukraine mit den USA ein Abkommen über eine «strategische Partnerschaft» unterzeichnet. Darin sagten die Amerikaner ihre Unterstützung der EU- und NATO-Perspektive der Ukraine sowie quasi für die Rückeroberung der Krim zu. Dagegen ließ Putin der NATO und den USA im Dezember 2021 einen Vertragsentwurf über beiderseitige verbindliche Sicherheitsgarantien zukommen, den die NATO im Januar ablehnte. Im Februar eskalierte laut OSZE die Gewalt im Donbass.

Bereits wenige Wochen nach der Invasion, Ende März 2022, kam es in Istanbul zu Friedensverhandlungen, die fast zu einer Lösung geführt hätten. Dass der Krieg nicht damals bereits beendet wurde, lag daran, dass der Westen dies nicht wollte. Man war der Meinung, Russland durch die Ukraine in diesem Stellvertreterkrieg auf Dauer militärisch schwächen zu können. Angesichts von Hunderttausenden Toten, Verletzten und Traumatisierten, die als Folge seitdem zu beklagen sind, sowie dem Ausmaß der Zerstörung, fehlen einem die Worte.

Hasst der Westen die Russen?

Diese Frage drängt sich auf, wenn man das oft unerträglich feindselige Gebaren beobachtet, das beileibe nicht neu ist und vor Doppelmoral trieft. Russland und speziell die Person Wladimir Putins werden regelrecht dämonisiert, was gleichzeitig scheinbar jede Form von Diplomatie ausschließt.

Russlands militärische Stärke, seine geografische Lage, sein Rohstoffreichtum oder seine unabhängige diplomatische Tradition sind sicher Störfaktoren für das US-amerikanische Bestreben, der Boss in einer unipolaren Welt zu sein. Ein womöglich funktionierender eurasischer Kontinent, insbesondere gute Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Deutschland, war indes schon vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg eine Sorge des britischen Imperiums.

Ein «Vergehen» von Präsident Putin könnte gewesen sein, dass er die neoliberale Schocktherapie à la IWF und den Ausverkauf des Landes (auch an US-Konzerne) beendete, der unter seinem Vorgänger herrschte. Dabei zeigte er sich als Führungspersönlichkeit und als nicht so formbar wie Jelzin. Diese Aspekte allein sind aber heute vermutlich keine ausreichende Erklärung für ein derart gepflegtes Feindbild.

Der Historiker und Philosoph Hauke Ritz erweitert den Fokus der Fragestellung zu: «Warum hasst der Westen die Russen so sehr?», was er zum Beispiel mit dem Medienforscher Michael Meyen und mit der Politikwissenschaftlerin Ulrike Guérot bespricht. Ritz stellt die interessante These [11] auf, dass Russland eine Provokation für den Westen sei, welcher vor allem dessen kulturelles und intellektuelles Potenzial fürchte.

Die Russen sind Europäer aber anders, sagt Ritz. Diese «Fremdheit in der Ähnlichkeit» erzeuge vielleicht tiefe Ablehnungsgefühle. Obwohl Russlands Identität in der europäischen Kultur verwurzelt ist, verbinde es sich immer mit der Opposition in Europa. Als Beispiele nennt er die Kritik an der katholischen Kirche oder die Verbindung mit der Arbeiterbewegung. Christen, aber orthodox; Sozialismus statt Liberalismus. Das mache das Land zum Antagonisten des Westens und zu einer Bedrohung der Machtstrukturen in Europa.

Fazit

Selbstverständlich kann man Geschichte, Ereignisse und Entwicklungen immer auf verschiedene Arten lesen. Dieser Artikel, obwohl viel zu lang, konnte nur einige Aspekte der Ukraine-Tragödie anreißen, die in den offiziellen Darstellungen in der Regel nicht vorkommen. Mindestens dürfte damit jedoch klar geworden sein, dass die Russische Föderation bzw. Wladimir Putin nicht der alleinige Aggressor in diesem Konflikt ist. Das ist ein Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen USA/NATO (gut) und Russland (böse); die Ukraine (edel) wird dabei schlicht verheizt.

Das ist insofern von Bedeutung, als die gesamte europäische Kriegshysterie auf sorgsam kultivierten Freund-Feind-Bildern beruht. Nur so kann Konfrontation und Eskalation betrieben werden, denn damit werden die wahren Hintergründe und Motive verschleiert. Angst und Propaganda sind notwendig, damit die Menschen den Wahnsinn mitmachen. Sie werden belogen, um sie zuerst zu schröpfen und anschließend auf die Schlachtbank zu schicken. Das kann niemand wollen, außer den stets gleichen Profiteuren: die Rüstungs-Lobby und die großen Investoren, die schon immer an Zerstörung und Wiederaufbau verdient haben.

Apropos Investoren: Zu den Top-Verdienern und somit Hauptinteressenten an einer Fortführung des Krieges zählt BlackRock, einer der weltgrößten Vermögensverwalter. Der deutsche Bundeskanzler in spe, Friedrich Merz, der gerne «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an die Ukraine liefern und die Krim-Brücke zerstören möchte, war von 2016 bis 2020 Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender von BlackRock in Deutschland. Aber das hat natürlich nichts zu sagen, der Mann macht nur seinen Job.

Es ist ein Spiel der Kräfte, es geht um Macht und strategische Kontrolle, um Geheimdienste und die Kontrolle der öffentlichen Meinung, um Bodenschätze, Rohstoffe, Pipelines und Märkte. Das klingt aber nicht sexy, «Demokratie und Menschenrechte» hört sich besser und einfacher an. Dabei wäre eine für alle Seiten förderliche Politik auch nicht so kompliziert; das Handwerkszeug dazu nennt sich Diplomatie. Noch einmal Gabriele Krone-Schmalz:

«Friedliche Politik ist nichts anderes als funktionierender Interessenausgleich. Da geht’s nicht um Moral.»

Die Situation in der Ukraine ist sicher komplex, vor allem wegen der inneren Zerrissenheit. Es dürfte nicht leicht sein, eine friedliche Lösung für das Zusammenleben zu finden, aber die Beteiligten müssen es vor allem wollen. Unter den gegebenen Umständen könnte eine sinnvolle Perspektive mit Neutralität und föderalen Strukturen zu tun haben.

Allen, die sich bis hierher durch die Lektüre gearbeitet (oder auch einfach nur runtergescrollt) haben, wünsche ich frohe Oster-Friedenstage!

[Titelbild: Pixabay; Abb. 1 und 2: nach Ganser/SIPER; Abb. 3: SIPER]

--- Quellen: ---

[1] Albrecht Müller, «Glaube wenig. Hinterfrage alles. Denke selbst.», Westend 2019

[2] Zwei nette Beispiele:

• ARD-faktenfinder (sic), «Viel Aufmerksamkeit für fragwürdige Experten», 03/2023
• Neue Zürcher Zeitung, «Aufstieg und Fall einer Russlandversteherin – die ehemalige ARD-Korrespondentin Gabriele Krone-Schmalz rechtfertigt seit Jahren Putins Politik», 12/2022

[3] George Washington University, «NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard – Declassified documents show security assurances against NATO expansion to Soviet leaders from Baker, Bush, Genscher, Kohl, Gates, Mitterrand, Thatcher, Hurd, Major, and Woerner», 12/2017

[4] Beispielsweise Wladimir Putin bei seiner Rede im Deutschen Bundestag, 25/09/2001

[5] William Engdahl, «Full Spectrum Dominance, Totalitarian Democracy In The New World Order», edition.engdahl 2009

[6] Daniele Ganser, «Illegale Kriege – Wie die NATO-Länder die UNO sabotieren. Eine Chronik von Kuba bis Syrien», Orell Füssli 2016

[7] Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Mit Friedensjournalismus gegen ‘Kriegstüchtigkeit’», Vortrag und Diskussion an der Universität Hamburg, veranstaltet von engagierten Studenten, 16/01/2025\ → Hier ist ein ähnlicher Vortrag von ihr (Video), den ich mit spanischer Übersetzung gefunden habe.

[8] Für mehr Hintergrund und Details empfehlen sich z.B. folgende Bücher:

• Mathias Bröckers, Paul Schreyer, «Wir sind immer die Guten», Westend 2019
• Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Russland verstehen? Der Kampf um die Ukraine und die Arroganz des Westens», Westend 2023
• Patrik Baab, «Auf beiden Seiten der Front – Meine Reisen in die Ukraine», Fiftyfifty 2023

[9] vgl. Jonathan Mowat, «Washington's New World Order "Democratization" Template», 02/2005 und RAND Corporation, «Swarming and the Future of Conflict», 2000

[10] Bemerkenswert einige Beiträge, von denen man später nichts mehr wissen wollte:

• ARD Monitor, «Todesschüsse in Kiew: Wer ist für das Blutbad vom Maidan verantwortlich», 10/04/2014, Transkript hier
• Telepolis, «Blutbad am Maidan: Wer waren die Todesschützen?», 12/04/2014
• Telepolis, «Scharfschützenmorde in Kiew», 14/12/2014
• Deutschlandfunk, «Gefahr einer Spirale nach unten», Interview mit Günter Verheugen, 18/03/2014
• NDR Panorama, «Putsch in Kiew: Welche Rolle spielen die Faschisten?», 06/03/2014

[11] Hauke Ritz, «Vom Niedergang des Westens zur Neuerfindung Europas», 2024

---

Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

There is something quietly rebellious about stacking sats. In a world obsessed with instant gratification, choosing to patiently accumulate Bitcoin, one sat at a time, feels like a middle finger to the hype machine. But to do it right, you have got to stay humble. Stack too hard with your head in the clouds, and you will trip over your own ego before the next halving even hits.

Small Wins

Stacking sats is not glamorous. Discipline. Stacking every day, week, or month, no matter the price, and letting time do the heavy lifting. Humility lives in that consistency. You are not trying to outsmart the market or prove you are the next "crypto" prophet. Just a regular person, betting on a system you believe in, one humble stack at a time. Folks get rekt chasing the highs. They ape into some shitcoin pump, shout about it online, then go silent when they inevitably get rekt. The ones who last? They stack. Just keep showing up. Consistency. Humility in action. Know the game is long, and you are not bigger than it.

Ego is Volatile

Bitcoin’s swings can mess with your head. One day you are up 20%, feeling like a genius and the next down 30%, questioning everything. Ego will have you panic selling at the bottom or over leveraging the top. Staying humble means patience, a true bitcoin zen. Do not try to "beat” Bitcoin. Ride it. Stack what you can afford, live your life, and let compounding work its magic.

Simplicity

There is a beauty in how stacking sats forces you to rethink value. A sat is worth less than a penny today, but every time you grab a few thousand, you plant a seed. It is not about flaunting wealth but rather building it, quietly, without fanfare. That mindset spills over. Cut out the noise: the overpriced coffee, fancy watches, the status games that drain your wallet. Humility is good for your soul and your stack. I have a buddy who has been stacking since 2015. Never talks about it unless you ask. Lives in a decent place, drives an old truck, and just keeps stacking. He is not chasing clout, he is chasing freedom. That is the vibe: less ego, more sats, all grounded in life.

The Big Picture

Stack those sats. Do it quietly, do it consistently, and do not let the green days puff you up or the red days break you down. Humility is the secret sauce, it keeps you grounded while the world spins wild. In a decade, when you look back and smile, it will not be because you shouted the loudest. It will be because you stayed the course, one sat at a time. \ \ Stay Humble and Stack Sats. 🫡

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

Vom Schrei nach dem Frieden ist hier die Luft ganz schwer,

Der Friede, der Friede, wo kommt denn der Friede her?

Der kommt nicht vom bloßen Fordern,

Der kommt nur, wenn wir ihn tun,

Und wenn in unseren Seelen die Mörderwaffen ruhn.

Wenn wir Gewalt verweigern, in Sprache, Not und Streit,

Wenn wir als Haltung lieben, Zeit unsrer Lebenszeit.

André Heller (*1947)

Die Lage ist ernst. Es ist so unübersehbar wie skandalös:

• Das "Friedensprojekt" Europäische Union rüstet zum Krieg. Orwell ist längst Realität.
• Im "Nie-Wieder-Krieg"-Land Deutschland prügeln die Kriegstreiber hunderte Milliarden durch einen abgewählten Bundestag, Wahlbetrug inklusive. Wieder mal an vorderster Front mit dabei: Kein Weltkrieg ohne uns!
• Ein Joschka Fischer, der nie gedient hat, außer an den Futtertrögen des Steuerzahlers oder von Transatlantistan, bringt die Wehrpflicht für Männer und Frauen ins Spiel. Gleichberechtigt in den Tod für die Waffenlobby!
• Der Ausnahmezustand hat nie aufgehört, bekommt nur ein neues Gesicht: die Fratze von Krieg, Tod und Leid. Corona ist abmoderiert. Das neue Virus heißt Russland, der Impfstoff „slava ukraini“, und auch bei der Finanzierung bleibt alles gleich: die Zeche zahlen (wieder mal) Sie. Diesmal doppelt. Sie dürfen zahlen und sterben, das Sonderopfer für jede Politikverwirrung zahlt in “Unserer Demokratie” immer der angebliche Souverän, der vom Nutztier jederzeit zum Schlachttier gemacht werden kann.
• Was jetzt kommt, kennen Sie schon von der Corona-Generalprobe: Spaltung, Diffamierung, Propaganda, Zensur, irre Milliardenausgaben, Ausnahmezustand, Kriegswirtschaft, Kriegszustand. Volksvertreter und Lobbyisten können sich jetzt straffrei eine goldene Nase verdienen, wenn sie ihre Wähler in die Bajonette laufen lassen. Die Strack-Zimmermanns und Kiesewetters sind die Lauterbachs und Dahmens im Tarnfleck, und sie werden bis zum letzten Wähler mutig „für das Gute“ kämpfen. Wie sich die Bilder doch gleichen:

Nicht mit uns: Erheben wir jetzt die Stimme für den Frieden!

Machen wir den Kriegstreibern einen Strich durch die Rechnung! Bringen wir die Stimmen für den Frieden an einen Tisch! Wir lassen die Friedenstaube fliegen, die erste unzensierbare Friedenspublikation der Welt auf Nostr und Pareto.

Die Vielfalt an Themen ist groß. Wir wollen aufklären und informieren:

Über Diplomatie und Strategien für den Frieden; über Lügen, Propaganda und Manipulation; über Verschwendung, Völkerrechtsbrüche und Kriegsverbrechen. Wir nehmen kein Blatt vor den Mund, egal ob hybride Kriegsführung, kognitive Kriegsführung oder sonstige neuartige Methoden der Kriegsführung. Wir wollen die Friedenswilligen vereinen und der Friedensbewegung eine starke Stimme verleihen, quer durch alle Lager. Wer auch immer jetzt das Lied vom Tod anstimmt, wird es unter den kritischen Augen der Öffentlichkeit machen müssen.

Warum wir?

• Wir haben die unzensierbare Technologie, um eine nachhaltige Publikation als Autorenblog und Newsletter aufzubauen. Diese brauchen wir auch, wir haben aus der Corona-Zensur unsere Lektion gelernt (https://pareto.space/read).

• Wir können alle Formate bedienen, von Text, Bild und Podcast bis Video und Stream.

• Wir werden online und in Print stattfinden (wenn Sie das wollen).

• Wir sind eine Gruppe von Autoren mit Reichweite, Erfahrung und Impact. Wir werden eine Kernredaktion haben und auf viele freie Autoren setzen, auch aus dem Ausland. Erste Kontakte sind hergestellt, das Feedback ist überwältigend.
• Wir setzen zudem von Anfang an auch auf Bürgerjournalismus und wollen jeder Stimme für den Frieden Raum und Platz bieten. Auch Sie können auf unserer freien Tribüne ("Weltbühne") publizieren und gelesen werden. Jede Stimme für den Frieden zählt!

Ich will Sie nicht mit Name dropping blenden, freue mich jedoch über bekannte erstklassige Stimmen aus der kritischen Szene, die bereits ihre Mitwirkung zugesagt haben. Diese Liste wird ständig aktualisiert (und auch ich werde Texte beitragen):

• Dr. Ulrike Guérot
• Mathias Bröckers
• Dr. Daniele Ganser
• Tom-Oliver Regenauer
• Prof. Dr. Michael Meyen
• Jonas Tögel
• Jürgen Müller
• uvm.

Sie sind Autor und wollen mit dabei sein? Schreiben Sie uns an: milosz@pareto.space

Jetzt abonnieren! Holen Sie sich die neusten Artikel der Friedenstaube in Ihr Postfach indem Sie HIER klicken.

---

Gründen wir eine Genossenschaft! Wir sind bereit – und Sie?

Sie entscheiden, ob und wie hoch die Friedenstaube fliegt. Wir werden eine Publikationsgenossenschaft gründen. Die Friedenstaube soll allen und niemandem gehören. Denn auch der Friede gehört allen, die ihn wollen. Krieg dagegen will immer nur eine Minderheit, am liebsten diejenigen, die nicht an die Front gehen.

Die Kriegsmaschine wird mit hunderten Milliarden geschmiert – und das ist nur der Anfang. Wir glauben, dass das Wort mächtiger ist als das Schwert. Für die Genossenschaft sammeln wir mindestens 100 000 CHF, die den Redaktionsbetrieb für ein Jahr sichern sollen. Mit einem Genossenschaftsanteil zu 1000 CHF sind Sie automatisch Verleger und bestimmen mit. Pro Person können maximal 20 Anteile gezeichnet werden, jeder Genossenschafter hat immer nur eine Stimme.

• Für 50 CHF bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo der Friedenstaube.
• Für 120 CHF bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo und ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube.
• Für 500 CHF werden Sie Förderer und bekommen ein lebenslanges Abo sowie ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube.
• Ab 1000 CHF werden Sie Genossenschafter der Friedenstaube mit Stimmrecht (und bekommen lebenslanges Abo, T-Shirt/Hoodie).

Für Einzahlungen in CHF (Betreff: Friedenstaube):

Für Einzahlungen in Euro:

Milosz Matuschek

IBAN DE 53710520500000814137

BYLADEM1TST

Sparkasse Traunstein-Trostberg

Betreff: Friedenstaube

Wenn Sie auf anderem Wege beitragen wollen, schreiben Sie mich an: milosz@pareto.space oder kontakt@idw-europe.org.

Das gilt auch für Unterstützungen jenseits finanzieller Zuwendungen. Wir sind für jede Unterstützung dankbar, die hilft, das Projekt zu realisieren. Wir planen auch Printprodukte, Übersetzungen in andere Sprachen, Ausschreibungen und Wettbewerbe zum Thema Frieden uvm. Seien Sie von Anfang an mit dabei: Als Autor, Mitwirkender, Genossenschafter oder in welcher Rolle sie auch immer hilfreich zu sein glauben.

Ich kann Ihnen keine Wunder versprechen aber Sie dürfen mich an meinen bisherigen Projekten messen. Wenn ich etwas angehe, mache ich es mit voller Kraft:

Mit Ihrer Unterstützung war schon vieles möglich:

• Sie haben den “Appell für freie Debattenräume” zum sichtbarsten Zeichen gegen Cancel Culture in Europa gemacht.
• Sie haben gehofen, die Freischwebende Intelligenz zu einem der führenden Substack-Newsletter in Europa zu machen
• Sie haben “Pandamned” unterstützt, eine Corona-Doku, die mehr als 1 Mio. Menschen gesehen haben.
• Sie haben die Realisierung von Pareto unterstützt und uns geholfen, ein unzensierbares Werkzeug für Blogging/Newsletter zu bauen, weltweit einmalig.

Lassen Sie uns jetzt gemeinsam die Friedenstaube zur führenden Friedenspublikation der freien Welt aufbauen.

Lassen wir die Friedenstaube fliegen!

Jetzt.

Herzlichen Dank, dass Sie meine Arbeit unterstützen!

Ich kann Ihnen auch manuell einen Zugang zur Publikation einrichten, wenn Sie lieber per Paypal, Überweisung oder Bitcoin (einmal Jahresbeitrag, ewiger Zugang) bezahlen. Sie erreichen mich unter kontakt@idw-europe.org

Refer a friend

@ eac63075:b4988b48

The future of physical money is at stake, and the discussion about DREX, the new digital currency planned by the Central Bank of Brazil, is gaining momentum. In a candid and intense conversation, Federal Deputy Julia Zanatta (PL/SC) discussed the challenges and risks of this digital transition, also addressing her Bill No. 3,341/2024, which aims to prevent the extinction of physical currency. This bill emerges as a direct response to legislative initiatives seeking to replace physical money with digital alternatives, limiting citizens' options and potentially compromising individual freedom. Let's delve into the main points of this conversation.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/i5YGJ9Ors3PkqAIMvNQ0

(PT-BR version here)

What is a CBDC?

Before discussing the specifics of DREX, it’s important to understand what a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is. CBDCs are digital currencies issued by central banks, similar to a digital version of physical money. Unlike cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which operate in a decentralized manner, CBDCs are centralized and regulated by the government. In other words, they are digital currencies created and controlled by the Central Bank, intended to replace physical currency.

A prominent feature of CBDCs is their programmability. This means that the government can theoretically set rules about how, where, and for what this currency can be used. This aspect enables a level of control over citizens' finances that is impossible with physical money. By programming the currency, the government could limit transactions by setting geographical or usage restrictions. In practice, money within a CBDC could be restricted to specific spending or authorized for use in a defined geographical area.

In countries like China, where citizen actions and attitudes are also monitored, a person considered to have a "low score" due to a moral or ideological violation may have their transactions limited to essential purchases, restricting their digital currency use to non-essential activities. This financial control is strengthened because, unlike physical money, digital currency cannot be exchanged anonymously.

Practical Example: The Case of DREX During the Pandemic

To illustrate how DREX could be used, an example was given by Eric Altafim, director of Banco Itaú. He suggested that, if DREX had existed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the government could have restricted the currency’s use to a 5-kilometer radius around a person’s residence, limiting their economic mobility. Another proposed use by the executive related to the Bolsa Família welfare program: the government could set up programming that only allows this benefit to be used exclusively for food purchases. Although these examples are presented as control measures for safety or organization, they demonstrate how much a CBDC could restrict citizens' freedom of choice.

To illustrate the potential for state control through a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), such as DREX, it is helpful to look at the example of China. In China, the implementation of a CBDC coincides with the country’s Social Credit System, a governmental surveillance tool that assesses citizens' and companies' behavior. Together, these technologies allow the Chinese government to monitor, reward, and, above all, punish behavior deemed inappropriate or threatening to the government.

How Does China's Social Credit System Work?

Implemented in 2014, China's Social Credit System assigns every citizen and company a "score" based on various factors, including financial behavior, criminal record, social interactions, and even online activities. This score determines the benefits or penalties each individual receives and can affect everything from public transport access to obtaining loans and enrolling in elite schools for their children. Citizens with low scores may face various sanctions, including travel restrictions, fines, and difficulty in securing loans.

With the adoption of the CBDC — or “digital yuan” — the Chinese government now has a new tool to closely monitor citizens' financial transactions, facilitating the application of Social Credit System penalties. China’s CBDC is a programmable digital currency, which means that the government can restrict how, when, and where the money can be spent. Through this level of control, digital currency becomes a powerful mechanism for influencing citizens' behavior.

Imagine, for instance, a citizen who repeatedly posts critical remarks about the government on social media or participates in protests. If the Social Credit System assigns this citizen a low score, the Chinese government could, through the CBDC, restrict their money usage in certain areas or sectors. For example, they could be prevented from buying tickets to travel to other regions, prohibited from purchasing certain consumer goods, or even restricted to making transactions only at stores near their home.

Another example of how the government can use the CBDC to enforce the Social Credit System is by monitoring purchases of products such as alcohol or luxury items. If a citizen uses the CBDC to spend more than the government deems reasonable on such products, this could negatively impact their social score, resulting in additional penalties such as future purchase restrictions or a lowered rating that impacts their personal and professional lives.

In China, this kind of control has already been demonstrated in several cases. Citizens added to Social Credit System “blacklists” have seen their spending and investment capacity severely limited. The combination of digital currency and social scores thus creates a sophisticated and invasive surveillance system, through which the Chinese government controls important aspects of citizens’ financial lives and individual freedoms.

Deputy Julia Zanatta views these examples with great concern. She argues that if the state has full control over digital money, citizens will be exposed to a level of economic control and surveillance never seen before. In a democracy, this control poses a risk, but in an authoritarian regime, it could be used as a powerful tool of repression.

DREX and Bill No. 3,341/2024

Julia Zanatta became aware of a bill by a Workers' Party (PT) deputy (Bill 4068/2020 by Deputy Reginaldo Lopes - PT/MG) that proposes the extinction of physical money within five years, aiming for a complete transition to DREX, the digital currency developed by the Central Bank of Brazil. Concerned about the impact of this measure, Julia drafted her bill, PL No. 3,341/2024, which prohibits the elimination of physical money, ensuring citizens the right to choose physical currency.

“The more I read about DREX, the less I want its implementation,” says the deputy. DREX is a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), similar to other state digital currencies worldwide, but which, according to Julia, carries extreme control risks. She points out that with DREX, the State could closely monitor each citizen’s transactions, eliminating anonymity and potentially restricting freedom of choice. This control would lie in the hands of the Central Bank, which could, in a crisis or government change, “freeze balances or even delete funds directly from user accounts.”

Risks and Individual Freedom

Julia raises concerns about potential abuses of power that complete digitalization could allow. In a democracy, state control over personal finances raises serious questions, and EddieOz warns of an even more problematic future. “Today we are in a democracy, but tomorrow, with a government transition, we don't know if this kind of power will be used properly or abused,” he states. In other words, DREX gives the State the ability to restrict or condition the use of money, opening the door to unprecedented financial surveillance.

EddieOz cites Nigeria as an example, where a CBDC was implemented, and the government imposed severe restrictions on the use of physical money to encourage the use of digital currency, leading to protests and clashes in the country. In practice, the poorest and unbanked — those without regular access to banking services — were harshly affected, as without physical money, many cannot conduct basic transactions. Julia highlights that in Brazil, this situation would be even more severe, given the large number of unbanked individuals and the extent of rural areas where access to technology is limited.

The Relationship Between DREX and Pix

The digital transition has already begun with Pix, which revolutionized instant transfers and payments in Brazil. However, Julia points out that Pix, though popular, is a citizen’s choice, while DREX tends to eliminate that choice. The deputy expresses concern about new rules suggested for Pix, such as daily transaction limits of a thousand reais, justified as anti-fraud measures but which, in her view, represent additional control and a profit opportunity for banks. “How many more rules will banks create to profit from us?” asks Julia, noting that DREX could further enhance control over personal finances.

International Precedents and Resistance to CBDC

The deputy also cites examples from other countries resisting the idea of a centralized digital currency. In the United States, states like New Hampshire have passed laws to prevent the advance of CBDCs, and leaders such as Donald Trump have opposed creating a national digital currency. Trump, addressing the topic, uses a justification similar to Julia’s: in a digitalized system, “with one click, your money could disappear.” She agrees with the warning, emphasizing the control risk that a CBDC represents, especially for countries with disadvantaged populations.

Besides the United States, Canada, Colombia, and Australia have also suspended studies on digital currencies, citing the need for further discussions on population impacts. However, in Brazil, the debate on DREX is still limited, with few parliamentarians and political leaders openly discussing the topic. According to Julia, only she and one or two deputies are truly trying to bring this discussion to the Chamber, making DREX’s advance even more concerning.

Bill No. 3,341/2024 and Popular Pressure

For Julia, her bill is a first step. Although she acknowledges that ideally, it would prevent DREX's implementation entirely, PL 3341/2024 is a measure to ensure citizens' choice to use physical money, preserving a form of individual freedom. “If the future means control, I prefer to live in the past,” Julia asserts, reinforcing that the fight for freedom is at the heart of her bill.

However, the deputy emphasizes that none of this will be possible without popular mobilization. According to her, popular pressure is crucial for other deputies to take notice and support PL 3341. “I am only one deputy, and we need the public’s support to raise the project’s visibility,” she explains, encouraging the public to press other parliamentarians and ask them to “pay attention to PL 3341 and the project that prohibits the end of physical money.” The deputy believes that with a strong awareness and pressure movement, it is possible to advance the debate and ensure Brazilians’ financial freedom.

What’s at Stake?

Julia Zanatta leaves no doubt: DREX represents a profound shift in how money will be used and controlled in Brazil. More than a simple modernization of the financial system, the Central Bank’s CBDC sets precedents for an unprecedented level of citizen surveillance and control in the country. For the deputy, this transition needs to be debated broadly and transparently, and it’s up to the Brazilian people to defend their rights and demand that the National Congress discuss these changes responsibly.

The deputy also emphasizes that, regardless of political or partisan views, this issue affects all Brazilians. “This agenda is something that will affect everyone. We need to be united to ensure people understand the gravity of what could happen.” Julia believes that by sharing information and generating open debate, it is possible to prevent Brazil from following the path of countries that have already implemented a digital currency in an authoritarian way.

A Call to Action

The future of physical money in Brazil is at risk. For those who share Deputy Julia Zanatta’s concerns, the time to act is now. Mobilize, get informed, and press your representatives. PL 3341/2024 is an opportunity to ensure that Brazilian citizens have a choice in how to use their money, without excessive state interference or surveillance.

In the end, as the deputy puts it, the central issue is freedom. “My fear is that this project will pass, and people won’t even understand what is happening.” Therefore, may every citizen at least have the chance to understand what’s at stake and make their voice heard in defense of a Brazil where individual freedom and privacy are respected values.

@ 401014b3:59d5476b

About Me

I come to Nostr with extensive experience in the digital landscape. As a blockchain native since 2017, I've witnessed the evolution of decentralized technologies firsthand. Most of my professional career has been spent working within big tech companies, giving me a unique perspective on both centralized and decentralized systems.

My social media journey began on Twitter in 2007, where I've maintained a presence for over 17 years. I've also explored other decentralized social platforms including BlueSky, Farcaster, and Lens Protocol. As a Bitcoin maximalist, I was particularly intrigued by Nostr's compatibility with the Lightning Network, which initially drew me to the platform.

The Onboarding Challenge

The Nostr onboarding experience presents a significant hurdle for newcomers. Despite my technical background in blockchain technologies, I found the initial setup process more complicated than expected. Understanding public/private key cryptography just to join a social network creates a steeper learning curve than necessary.

BlueSky and Farcaster have demonstrated that it's possible to maintain decentralized principles while providing a more streamlined onboarding experience. Their approaches show that user-friendly design and decentralization aren't mutually exclusive concepts.

Relay Management: Room for Improvement

The concept of relays represents one of Nostr's most distinctive features, though it can be confusing for newcomers. While many clients come pre-configured with default relays, users eventually encounter situations where content or connections seem inconsistent.

When someone I've interacted with doesn't appear in my feed or doesn't respond, I'm often left wondering if we're simply on different relays. This uncertainty creates friction that doesn't exist on other platforms where connectivity is handled behind the scenes.

The relay system introduces a layer of complexity that, while important to Nostr's architecture, could benefit from better abstraction in the user experience. When using BlueSky or Farcaster, I don't need to think about the underlying infrastructure, something Nostr could learn from while maintaining its decentralized principles.

The Zap Economy: Growing Pains

The Lightning-powered zap system shows tremendous potential, but I've observed some concerning economic patterns. Longer-term Nostr users have expressed frustration about continuously sending zaps while seeing limited growth in the overall ecosystem.

Interestingly, there appears to be a connection between this liquidity issue and community growth dynamics. Some established users who voice concerns about bearing the financial burden of the zapping economy are simultaneously less welcoming to newer accounts, rarely following, engaging with, or zapping newcomers.

This creates a challenging environment for new users, who face a cold reception and have little incentive to load their Lightning wallets or participate in the zap economy. Why bring fresh liquidity to a platform where established users rarely engage with your content? This dynamic has limited the expansion of the ecosystem, with the same sats often circulating among established users rather than growing with new participants.

Client Diversity: Strength and Challenge

Nostr's multiple client options offer users choice, which is valuable. However, the implementation of NIPs (Nostr Implementation Possibilities) varies across clients, creating inconsistent experiences. Features that work seamlessly in one client might be implemented differently in another.

This extends to fundamental aspects like search functionality, thread navigation, and notification systems, all of which can differ significantly between clients. For users accustomed to consistent experiences, this fragmentation creates a learning curve with each new client they try.

Lightning Integration: Varying Experiences

The Lightning Network integration varies in quality and user experience across Nostr clients. While the functionality is generally present, the implementation quality, feature set, and ease of use differ depending on which client you choose.

This inconsistency means users may need to experiment with several clients to find one that provides the Lightning experience they're looking for, rather than having a consistent experience across the ecosystem.

Finding Balance

Nostr appears to be navigating the challenge of balancing technical innovation with user experience. While its cryptographic foundation and decentralized architecture are impressive technical achievements, these same strengths sometimes come at the cost of accessibility.

Despite my technical background and interest in decentralized technologies, I find myself using BlueSky and Farcaster more frequently for daily social interactions, while checking Nostr less often. For Nostr to achieve its potential for broader adoption, addressing these user experience considerations while maintaining its core principles will be essential.

The platform has tremendous potential with improvements to user experience, community dynamics, and economic sustainability, Nostr could evolve from a fascinating technical experiment into a truly compelling alternative to mainstream social media.

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

Benjamin Franklin and His Fondness for Madeira Wine

Benjamin Franklin, one of America’s most celebrated founding fathers, was not only a statesman, scientist, and writer but also a man of refined taste. Among his many indulgences, Franklin was particularly fond of Madeira wine, a fortified wine from the Portuguese Madeira Islands. His love for this drink was well-documented and reflects both his personal preferences and the broader cultural trends of 18th-century America.

The Allure of Madeira Wine

Madeira wine was highly prized in the 18th century due to its unique production process and exceptional durability. Its rich, fortified nature made it well-suited for long sea voyages, as it could withstand temperature fluctuations and aging in transit. This durability made Madeira a popular choice in the American colonies, where European wines often spoiled before arrival.

Franklin, who was known for his appreciation of fine things, embraced Madeira as a beverage of choice. Its complex flavors and storied reputation resonated with his intellectual and social pursuits. The wine was often served at dinners and social gatherings, where Franklin and his contemporaries debated ideas and shaped the future of the nation.

Franklin’s Personal Connection to Madeira

In Franklin’s writings and correspondence, Madeira is mentioned on several occasions, reflecting its prominence in his life. He referred to the wine not only as a personal pleasure but also as a symbol of hospitality and refinement. As a diplomat in France and England, Franklin often carried Madeira to share with his hosts, using it as a means of forging connections and showcasing the tastes of the American colonies.

One notable instance of Franklin’s affinity for Madeira occurred during his time in Philadelphia. He reportedly had cases of the wine shipped directly to his home, ensuring he would never be without his favorite drink. Madeira also featured prominently in many toasts and celebrations, becoming a hallmark of Franklin’s gatherings.

The Role of Madeira in Colonial America

Franklin’s fondness for Madeira reflects its broader significance in colonial America. The wine was not only a favorite of the elite but also a symbol of resistance to British taxation. When the British imposed heavy duties on imported goods, including wine, Madeira became a patriotic choice for many colonists. Its direct trade routes with the Madeira Islands circumvented British intermediaries, allowing Americans to assert their economic independence.

A Legacy of Taste

Franklin’s appreciation for Madeira wine endures as a charming detail of his multifaceted life. It offers a glimpse into the personal habits of one of America’s most influential figures and highlights the cultural exchanges that shaped colonial society. Today, Franklin’s love of Madeira serves as a reminder of the historical connections between wine, politics, and personal expression in the 18th century.

In honoring Franklin’s legacy, one might raise a glass of Madeira to toast not only his contributions to American independence but also his enduring influence on the art of living well.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

สวัสดีเพื่อนนักเทรดทุกท่าน! 👋 วันนี้ฉันมาแนะนำตารางกิจวัตรประจำวันของ Day Trader ที่น่าสนใจนี้กันนะคะ มาดูกันว่ามีอะไรที่เราสามารถเรียนรู้และนำไปปรับใช้กับการเทรดของเราได้บ้างค่ะ

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ขอให้ทุกท่านประสบความสำเร็จในการเทรดนะคะ! 💸🚀

#DayTrader #นักเทรดรายวัน #กิจวัตรประจำวัน #การลงทุน #เทรด #หุ้น #คริปโต #ตลาดหุ้น #แรงบันดาลใจ #พัฒนาตัวเอง #LinaEngword

@ 04c915da:3dfbecc9

Here’s a revised timeline of macro-level events from The Mandibles: A Family, 2029–2047 by Lionel Shriver, reimagined in a world where Bitcoin is adopted as a widely accepted form of money, altering the original narrative’s assumptions about currency collapse and economic control. In Shriver’s original story, the failure of Bitcoin is assumed amid the dominance of the bancor and the dollar’s collapse. Here, Bitcoin’s success reshapes the economic and societal trajectory, decentralizing power and challenging state-driven outcomes.

Part One: 2029–2032

• 2029 (Early Year)\ The United States faces economic strain as the dollar weakens against global shifts. However, Bitcoin, having gained traction emerges as a viable alternative. Unlike the original timeline, the bancor—a supranational currency backed by a coalition of nations—struggles to gain footing as Bitcoin’s decentralized adoption grows among individuals and businesses worldwide, undermining both the dollar and the bancor.

• 2029 (Mid-Year: The Great Renunciation)\ Treasury bonds lose value, and the government bans Bitcoin, labeling it a threat to sovereignty (mirroring the original bancor ban). However, a Bitcoin ban proves unenforceable—its decentralized nature thwarts confiscation efforts, unlike gold in the original story. Hyperinflation hits the dollar as the U.S. prints money, but Bitcoin’s fixed supply shields adopters from currency devaluation, creating a dual-economy split: dollar users suffer, while Bitcoin users thrive.

• 2029 (Late Year)\ Dollar-based inflation soars, emptying stores of goods priced in fiat currency. Meanwhile, Bitcoin transactions flourish in underground and online markets, stabilizing trade for those plugged into the bitcoin ecosystem. Traditional supply chains falter, but peer-to-peer Bitcoin networks enable local and international exchange, reducing scarcity for early adopters. The government’s gold confiscation fails to bolster the dollar, as Bitcoin’s rise renders gold less relevant.

• 2030–2031\ Crime spikes in dollar-dependent urban areas, but Bitcoin-friendly regions see less chaos, as digital wallets and smart contracts facilitate secure trade. The U.S. government doubles down on surveillance to crack down on bitcoin use. A cultural divide deepens: centralized authority weakens in Bitcoin-adopting communities, while dollar zones descend into lawlessness.

• 2032\ By this point, Bitcoin is de facto legal tender in parts of the U.S. and globally, especially in tech-savvy or libertarian-leaning regions. The federal government’s grip slips as tax collection in dollars plummets—Bitcoin’s traceability is low, and citizens evade fiat-based levies. Rural and urban Bitcoin hubs emerge, while the dollar economy remains fractured.

Time Jump: 2032–2047

• Over 15 years, Bitcoin solidifies as a global reserve currency, eroding centralized control. The U.S. government adapts, grudgingly integrating bitcoin into policy, though regional autonomy grows as Bitcoin empowers local economies.

Part Two: 2047

• 2047 (Early Year)\ The U.S. is a hybrid state: Bitcoin is legal tender alongside a diminished dollar. Taxes are lower, collected in BTC, reducing federal overreach. Bitcoin’s adoption has decentralized power nationwide. The bancor has faded, unable to compete with Bitcoin’s grassroots momentum.

• 2047 (Mid-Year)\ Travel and trade flow freely in Bitcoin zones, with no restrictive checkpoints. The dollar economy lingers in poorer areas, marked by decay, but Bitcoin’s dominance lifts overall prosperity, as its deflationary nature incentivizes saving and investment over consumption. Global supply chains rebound, powered by bitcoin enabled efficiency.

• 2047 (Late Year)\ The U.S. is a patchwork of semi-autonomous zones, united by Bitcoin’s universal acceptance rather than federal control. Resource scarcity persists due to past disruptions, but economic stability is higher than in Shriver’s original dystopia—Bitcoin’s success prevents the authoritarian slide, fostering a freer, if imperfect, society.

Key Differences

• Currency Dynamics: Bitcoin’s triumph prevents the bancor’s dominance and mitigates hyperinflation’s worst effects, offering a lifeline outside state control.
• Government Power: Centralized authority weakens as Bitcoin evades bans and taxation, shifting power to individuals and communities.
• Societal Outcome: Instead of a surveillance state, 2047 sees a decentralized, bitcoin driven world—less oppressive, though still stratified between Bitcoin haves and have-nots.

This reimagining assumes Bitcoin overcomes Shriver’s implied skepticism to become a robust, adopted currency by 2029, fundamentally altering the novel’s bleak trajectory.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

For Secure Inheritance Planning and Offline Signing

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The setup described ensures that any 2 out of 3 participants (hardware wallets) must sign a transaction before it can be broadcast, offering robust protection against theft, accidental loss, or mismanagement of funds.

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1. Preparation: Tools and Requirements

Hardware Required

• 3× COLDCARD Mk4 hardware wallets (or newer)
• 3× MicroSD cards (one per COLDCARD)
• MicroSD card reader (for your computer)
• Optional: USB data blocker (for safe COLDCARD connection)

Software Required

• Sparrow Wallet: Version 1.7.1 or later
  Download: https://sparrowwallet.com/
• COLDCARD Firmware: Version 5.1.2 or later
  Update guide: https://coldcard.com/docs/upgrade

Other Essentials

• Durable paper or steel backup tools for seed phrases
• Secure physical storage for backups and devices
• Optional: encrypted external storage for Sparrow wallet backups

Security Tip:
Always verify software signatures before installation. Keep your COLDCARDs air-gapped (no USB data transfer) whenever possible.

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2. Initializing Each COLDCARD Wallet

1. Power on each COLDCARD and choose “New Wallet”.
2. Write down the 24-word seed phrase (DO NOT photograph or store digitally).
3. Confirm the seed and choose a strong PIN code (both prefix and suffix).
4. (Optional) Enable BIP39 Passphrase for additional entropy.
5. Save an encrypted backup to the MicroSD card:
   Go to Advanced > Danger Zone > Backup.
6. Repeat steps 1–5 for all three COLDCARDs.

Best Practice:
Store each seed phrase securely and in separate physical locations. Test wallet recovery before storing real funds.

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3. Exporting XPUBs from COLDCARD

Each hardware wallet must export its extended public key (XPUB) for multisig setup:

1. Insert MicroSD card into a COLDCARD.
2. Navigate to:
   Settings > Multisig Wallets > Export XPUB.
3. Select the appropriate derivation path. Recommended:
4. Native SegWit: m/84'/0'/0' (bc1 addresses)
5. Alternatively: Nested SegWit m/49'/0'/0' (starts with 3)
6. Save the XPUB file to the MicroSD card.
7. Insert MicroSD into your computer and transfer XPUB files to Sparrow Wallet.
8. Repeat for the remaining COLDCARDs.

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4. Creating the 2-of-3 Multisig Wallet in Sparrow

1. Launch Sparrow Wallet.
2. Click File > New Wallet and name your wallet.
3. In the Keystore tab, choose Multisig.
4. Select 2-of-3 as your multisig policy.
5. For each cosigner:
6. Choose Add cosigner > Import XPUB from file.
7. Load XPUBs exported from each COLDCARD.
8. Once all 3 cosigners are added, confirm the configuration.
9. Click Apply, then Create Wallet.
10. Sparrow will display a receive address. Fund the wallet using this.

Tip:
You can export the multisig policy (wallet descriptor) as a backup and share it among cosigners.

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5. Saving and Verifying the Wallet Configuration

1. After creating the wallet, click Wallet > Export > Export Wallet File (.json).
2. Save this file securely and distribute to all participants.
3. Verify that the addresses match on each COLDCARD using the wallet descriptor file (optional but recommended).

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6. Creating and Exporting a PSBT (Partially Signed Bitcoin Transaction)

1. In Sparrow, click Send, fill out recipient details, and click Create Transaction.
2. Click Finalize > Save PSBT to MicroSD card.
3. The file will be saved as a .psbt file.

Note: No funds are moved until 2 signatures are added and the transaction is broadcast.

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7. Signing the PSBT with COLDCARD (Offline)

1. Insert the MicroSD with the PSBT into COLDCARD.
2. From the main menu:
   Ready To Sign > Select PSBT File.
3. Verify transaction details and approve.
4. COLDCARD will create a signed version of the PSBT (signed.psbt).
5. Repeat the signing process with a second COLDCARD (different signer).

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8. Finalizing and Broadcasting the Transaction

1. Load the signed PSBT files back into Sparrow.
2. Sparrow will detect two valid signatures.
3. Click Finalize Transaction > Broadcast.
4. Your Bitcoin transaction will be sent to the network.

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9. Inheritance Planning with Multisig

Multisig is ideal for inheritance scenarios:

Example Inheritance Setup

• Signer 1: Yourself (active user)
• Signer 2: Trusted family member or executor
• Signer 3: Lawyer, notary, or secure backup

Only 2 signatures are needed. If one party loses access or passes away, the other two can recover the funds.

Best Practices for Inheritance

• Store each seed phrase in separate, tamper-proof, waterproof containers.
• Record clear instructions for heirs (without compromising seed security).
• Periodically test recovery with cosigners.
• Consider time-locked wallets or third-party escrow if needed.

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Security Tips and Warnings

• Never store seed phrases digitally or online.
• Always verify addresses and signatures on the COLDCARD screen.
• Use Sparrow only on secure, malware-free computers.
• Physically secure your COLDCARDs from unauthorized access.
• Practice recovery procedures before storing real value.

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Consider

A 2-of-3 multisignature wallet using COLDCARD and Sparrow Wallet offers a highly secure, flexible, and transparent Bitcoin custody model. Whether for inheritance planning or high-security storage, it mitigates risks associated with single points of failure while maintaining usability and privacy.

By following this guide, Bitcoin users can significantly increase the resilience of their holdings while enabling thoughtful succession strategies.

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

The Weaponization of Technology: A Prelude to Adoption

Throughout history, new technologies have often been weaponized before becoming widely adopted for civilian use. This pattern, deeply intertwined with human priorities for power, survival, and dominance, sheds light on how societies interact with technological innovation.

The Weaponization Imperative

When a groundbreaking technology emerges, its potential to confer an advantage—military, economic, or ideological—tends to attract attention from those in power. Governments and militaries, seeking to outpace rivals, often invest heavily in adapting new tools for conflict or defense. Weaponization provides a context where innovation thrives under high-stakes conditions. Technologies like radar, nuclear energy, and the internet, initially conceived or expanded within the framework of military priorities, exemplify this trend.

Historical Examples

1.  Gunpowder: Invented in 9th-century China, gunpowder was first used for military purposes before transitioning into civilian life, influencing mining, construction, and entertainment through fireworks.

1. The Internet: Initially developed as ARPANET during the Cold War to ensure communication in the event of a nuclear attack, the internet’s infrastructure later supported the global digital revolution, reshaping commerce, education, and social interaction.

2. Drones: Unmanned aerial vehicles began as tools of surveillance and warfare but have since been adopted for everything from package delivery to agricultural monitoring.

Weaponization often spurs rapid technological development. War environments demand urgency and innovation, fast-tracking research and turning prototypes into functional tools. This phase of militarization ensures that the technology is robust, scalable, and often cost-effective, setting the stage for broader adoption.

Adoption and Civilian Integration

Once a technology’s military dominance is established, its applications often spill into civilian life. These transitions occur when:

•   The technology becomes affordable and accessible.
•   Governments or corporations recognize its commercial potential.
•   Public awareness and trust grow, mitigating fears tied to its military origins.

For example, GPS was first a military navigation system but is now indispensable for personal devices, logistics, and autonomous vehicles.

Cultural Implications

The process of weaponization shapes public perception of technology. Media narratives, often dominated by stories of power and conflict, influence how societies view emerging tools. When technologies are initially seen through the lens of violence or control, their subsequent integration into daily life can carry residual concerns, from privacy to ethical implications.

Conclusion

The weaponization of technology is not an aberration but a recurring feature of technological progress. By understanding this pattern, societies can critically assess how technologies evolve from tools of conflict to instruments of everyday life, ensuring that ethical considerations and equitable access are not lost in the rush to innovate. As Marshall McLuhan might suggest, the medium through which a technology is introduced deeply influences the message it ultimately conveys to the world.

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Verstand ohne Gefühl ist unmenschlich; \ Gefühl ohne Verstand ist Dummheit. \ Egon Bahr

Seit Jahren werden wir darauf getrimmt, dass Fakten eigentlich gefühlt seien. Aber nicht alles ist relativ und nicht alles ist nach Belieben interpretierbar. Diese Schokoladenhasen beispielsweise, die an Ostern in unseren Gefilden typisch sind, «ostern» zwar nicht, sondern sie sitzen in der Regel, trotzdem verwandelt sie das nicht in «Sitzhasen».

Nichts soll mehr gelten, außer den immer invasiveren Gesetzen. Die eigenen Traditionen und Wurzeln sind potenziell «pfui», um andere Menschen nicht auszuschließen, aber wir mögen uns toleranterweise an die fremden Symbole und Rituale gewöhnen. Dabei ist es mir prinzipiell völlig egal, ob und wann jemand ein Fastenbrechen feiert, am Karsamstag oder jedem anderen Tag oder nie – aber bitte freiwillig.

Und vor allem: Lasst die Finger von den Kindern! In Bern setzten kürzlich Demonstranten ein Zeichen gegen die zunehmende Verbreitung woker Ideologie im Bildungssystem und forderten ein Ende der sexuellen Indoktrination von Schulkindern.

Wenn es nicht wegen des heiklen Themas Migration oder wegen des Regenbogens ist, dann wegen des Klimas. Im Rahmen der «Netto Null»-Agenda zum Kampf gegen das angeblich teuflische CO2 sollen die Menschen ihre Ernährungsgewohnheiten komplett ändern. Nach dem Willen von Produzenten synthetischer Lebensmittel, wie Bill Gates, sollen wir baldmöglichst praktisch auf Fleisch und alle Milchprodukte wie Milch und Käse verzichten. Ein lukratives Geschäftsmodell, das neben der EU aktuell auch von einem britischen Lobby-Konsortium unterstützt wird.

Sollten alle ideologischen Stricke zu reißen drohen, ist da immer noch «der Putin». Die Unions-Europäer offenbaren sich dabei ständig mehr als Vertreter der Rüstungsindustrie. Allen voran zündelt Deutschland an der Kriegslunte, angeführt von einem scheinbar todesmutigen Kanzlerkandidaten Friedrich Merz. Nach dessen erneuter Aussage, «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an Kiew liefern zu wollen, hat Russland eindeutig klargestellt, dass man dies als direkte Kriegsbeteiligung werten würde – «mit allen sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für Deutschland».

Wohltuend sind Nachrichten über Aktivitäten, die sich der allgemeinen Kriegstreiberei entgegenstellen oder diese öffentlich hinterfragen. Dazu zählt auch ein Kongress kritischer Psychologen und Psychotherapeuten, der letzte Woche in Berlin stattfand. Die vielen Vorträge im Kontext von «Krieg und Frieden» deckten ein breites Themenspektrum ab, darunter Friedensarbeit oder die Notwendigkeit einer «Pädagogik der Kriegsuntüchtigkeit».

Der heutige «stille Freitag», an dem Christen des Leidens und Sterbens von Jesus gedenken, ist vielleicht unabhängig von jeder religiösen oder spirituellen Prägung eine passende Einladung zur Reflexion. In der Ruhe liegt die Kraft. In diesem Sinne wünsche ich Ihnen frohe Ostertage!

[Titelbild: Pixabay]

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Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ 86dfbe73:628cef55

Mit dem Internet kam das Ende der Massengesellschaft. Heutzutage sind Öffentlichkeit im Allgemeinen und die digitale Öffentlichkeit im Besonderen nur als Netzwerk verstehbar. Nicht als Netzwerk zur Kommunikation, sondern als Netzwerk der Beziehungen, bestehend aus den Erwartungen, Kenntnissen und letztlich bestehend aus dem Vertrauen, das Menschen gegenüber anderen Menschen und Institutionen aufzubauen pflegen. Wichtig ist nicht mehr, wo jemand eine Information plaziert, wichtig ist, wann und wer und unter Einbeziehung welcher Faktoren diese abfragt.

In Sozialen Netzwerken entscheidet jeder selbst, wem er folgt. Er entscheidet selbst, wie die eigene Startseite, der eigene Blick auf den Dienst, aussieht. Als Beispiel sei hier Twitter erwähnt. Aus der Liste der Gefolgten wird die Timeline generiert, die eine Wirklichkeit abbildet, die einzig und alleine von den Following-Entscheidungen des Nutzers bestimmt ist.

Die Beziehungsweise des Folgens ist eine direkte Willenserklärung, die Inhalte eines Users sehen zu wollen. Sie ist ein Pakt, der auch eine gewisse, wenn auch kleine, Verantwortungsübernahme bedeutet. Und diese Beziehungsweise wurde zum integralen Strukturbaustein der digitalen Öffentlichkeit zwischen 2010 bis 2020 und damit auch zur tragenden Säule vieler Karrieren, Geschäftsmodellen und außerdem zur Grundlage der Selektionsverfahren von kulturellen Trends. Im Follower steckte die Macht.

Die digitale Öffentlichkeit hat aufgehört eine vernetzte Öffentlichkeit zu sein und geht zunehmend in den „For you“-Algorithmen der kommerziellen Plattformen auf. Ab 2020 wurde dem Follower von Diensten wie Tiktok der Gar ausgemacht und von dort setzte sich der „For You-Algoritmus“ auf allen kommerziellen Plattformen durch. Das bedeutet, dass die neue digitale Öffentlichkeit nicht mehr durch menschliche Beziehungen und vernetztes Vertrauen getragen wird, sondern vollends den Steuerungsinstrumenten einer Hand voll Konzernen ausgeliefert ist. Auf einmal bedeutete ein Following nicht mehr die Garantie, dass der Content die Abonnenten erreicht.

Mit der Zerstörung dieser Beziehung entgleiten den Creators ihre medialen Regime und beide, User und Creator werden immer abhängiger vom Algorithmus und arbeiten folglich nur noch für die Interessen der Plattformen, statt für sich selbst.

@ 6b0a60cf:b952e7d4

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@ 57d56d16:458edffd

Hello. I've had a look at shopstr. You can find my instance of shopstr here so you can have a look yourself: https://shopstr.tectumordo.com/marketplace

Wondering your thoughts on Shopstr. I'm looking to start selling some things. Handcrafted Items / Services.

Anyone have any insights into shopstr, or something similar.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/953976

@ 83279ad2:bd49240d

Test

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

In June 2023, the Law Commission of England and Wales published its final report on digital assets, concluding that the existing common law is generally flexible enough to accommodate digital assets, including crypto-tokens and non-fungible tokens (NFTs).

However, to address specific areas of uncertainty, the Commission recommended targeted statutory reforms and the establishment of an expert panel.

Key Conclusions and Recommendations:

1.  Recognition of a Third Category of Personal Property:

Traditional English law classifies personal property into two categories: “things in possession” (tangible items) and “things in action” (enforceable rights). Digital assets do not fit neatly into either category. The Commission recommended legislation to confirm the existence of a distinct third category of personal property to better accommodate digital assets. 

1. Development of Common Law: The Commission emphasized that the common law is well-suited to adapt to the complexities of emerging technologies and should continue to evolve to address issues related to digital assets. 

2. Establishment of an Expert Panel: To assist courts in navigating the technical and legal challenges posed by digital assets, the Commission recommended that the government create a panel of industry experts, legal practitioners, academics, and judges. This panel would provide non-binding guidance on issues such as control and transfer of digital assets. 

3. Facilitation of Crypto-Token and Crypto-Asset Collateral Arrangements: The Commission proposed the creation of a bespoke statutory legal framework to facilitate the use of digital assets as collateral, addressing current legal uncertainties in this area. 

4. Clarification of the Financial Collateral Arrangements Regulations: The report recommended statutory amendments to clarify the extent to which digital assets fall within the scope of the Financial Collateral Arrangements (No 2) Regulations 2003, ensuring that existing financial regulations appropriately cover digital assets. 

Overall, the Law Commission’s report underscores the adaptability of English common law in addressing the challenges posed by digital assets, while also identifying specific areas where legislative action is necessary to provide clarity and support the evolving digital economy.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Embarking on the journey of operating your own Lightning node on the Bitcoin Layer 2 network is more than just a tech-savvy endeavor; it's a step into a realm of financial autonomy and cutting-edge innovation. By running a node, you become a vital part of a revolutionary movement that's reshaping how we think about money and digital transactions. This role not only offers a unique perspective on blockchain technology but also places you at the heart of a community dedicated to decentralization and network resilience. Beyond the technicalities, it's about embracing a new era of digital finance, where you contribute directly to the network's security, efficiency, and growth, all while gaining personal satisfaction and potentially lucrative rewards.

In essence, running your own Lightning node is a powerful way to engage with the forefront of blockchain technology, assert financial independence, and contribute to a more decentralized and efficient Bitcoin network. It's an adventure that offers both personal and communal benefits, from gaining in-depth tech knowledge to earning a place in the evolving landscape of cryptocurrency.

Running your own Lightning node for the Bitcoin Layer 2 network can be an empowering and beneficial endeavor. Here are 10 reasons why you might consider taking on this task:

1. Direct Contribution to Decentralization: Operating a node is a direct action towards decentralizing the Bitcoin network, crucial for its security and resistance to control or censorship by any single entity.

2. Financial Autonomy: Owning a node gives you complete control over your financial transactions on the network, free from reliance on third-party services, which can be subject to fees, restrictions, or outages.

3. Advanced Network Participation: As a node operator, you're not just a passive participant but an active player in shaping the network, influencing its efficiency and scalability through direct involvement.

4. Potential for Higher Revenue: With strategic management and optimal channel funding, your node can become a preferred route for transactions, potentially increasing the routing fees you can earn.

5. Cutting-Edge Technological Engagement: Running a node puts you at the forefront of blockchain and bitcoin technology, offering insights into future developments and innovations.

6. Strengthened Network Security: Each new node adds to the robustness of the Bitcoin network, making it more resilient against attacks and failures, thus contributing to the overall security of the ecosystem.

7. Personalized Fee Structures: You have the flexibility to set your own fee policies, which can balance earning potential with the service you provide to the network.

8. Empowerment Through Knowledge: The process of setting up and managing a node provides deep learning opportunities, empowering you with knowledge that can be applied in various areas of blockchain and fintech.

9. Boosting Transaction Capacity: By running a node, you help to increase the overall capacity of the Lightning Network, enabling more transactions to be processed quickly and at lower costs.

10. Community Leadership and Reputation: As an active node operator, you gain recognition within the Bitcoin community, which can lead to collaborative opportunities and a position of thought leadership in the space.

These reasons demonstrate the impactful and transformative nature of running a Lightning node, appealing to those who are deeply invested in the principles of bitcoin and wish to actively shape its future. Jump aboard, and embrace the journey toward full independence. 🐶🐾🫡🚀🚀🚀

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

The operational landscape for Nostr relay operators is fraught with multifaceted challenges that not only pertain to technical feasibility but also address pivotal economic realities in an increasingly censored digital environment.

While the infrastructure required to run a Nostr relay can be considered comparatively lightweight in terms of hardware demands, the operators must navigate a spectrum of operational hurdles and associated costs. Key among these are bandwidth allocation, effective spam mitigation, comprehensive security protocols, and the critical need for sustained uptime.

To ensure economic viability amidst these challenges, many relay operators have implemented various strategies, including the introduction of rate limiting mechanisms and subscription-based financial models that leverage user payments to subsidize operational costs. The conundrum remains: how can the Nostr framework evolve to permit relay operators to cultivate at least a singular relay to its fullest operational efficiency?

It is essential to note that while the trajectory of user engagement with these relays remains profoundly unpredictable—analogous to the nebulous impetus behind their initial inception—indicators within our broader economic and sociocultural contexts illuminate potential pathways to harmonizing commercial interests with user interaction through the robust capabilities of websocket relays.

A few musingsI beg you to think about the Evolutionary Trajectory of Nostr Infrastructure Leveraging BDK (Bitcoin Development Kit) and NDK (Nostr Development Kit) in the Context of Sovereign Communication Infrastructure

As the Nostr ecosystem transitions through its iterative phases of maturity, the infrastructure, notably the relays, is projected to undergo significant enhancements to accommodate an array of emerging protocols, particularly highlighted by the Mostr Bridge implementation.

Additionally, the integration of decentralized identity frameworks, exemplified by PKARR (Public-Key Addressable Resource Records), signifies a robust evolutionary step towards fostering user accountability and autonomy.

Moreover, the introduction of sophisticated filtering mechanisms, including but not limited to Set Based Reconciliation techniques, seeks to refine the user interface by enabling more granular control over content visibility and interaction dynamics.

These progressive innovations are meticulously designed to augment the overall user experience while steadfastly adhering to the foundational ethos of the Nostr protocol, which emphasizes the principles of digital freedom, uncurtailed access to publication, and the establishment of a harassment-free digital environment devoid of shadowbanning practices.

Such advancements underscore the balancing act between technological progression and ethical considerations in decentralized communication frameworks.

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

The system design and challenges of retail Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) differ significantly from Bitcoin in several key aspects, reflecting their distinct purposes and underlying philosophies:

1. Core Purpose and Issuance

   • CBDCs: Issued by central banks, CBDCs are designed as state-backed digital currencies for public use. Their goal is to modernize payments, enhance financial inclusion, and provide a risk-free alternative to private money. • Bitcoin: A decentralized, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency created to operate independently of central authorities. Bitcoin aims to be a store of value and medium of exchange without reliance on intermediaries or governments.

2. Governance and Control

   • CBDCs: Operate under centralized governance. Central banks retain control over issuance, transaction validation, and data management, allowing for integration with existing regulatory frameworks (e.g., AML and CFT). • Bitcoin: Fully decentralized, governed by a consensus mechanism (Proof of Work). Transactions are validated by miners, and no single entity controls the network.

3. Privacy

   • CBDCs: Seek to balance privacy with regulatory compliance. Privacy-enhancing technologies may be implemented, but user data is typically accessible to intermediaries and central banks to meet regulatory needs. • Bitcoin: Pseudonymous by design. Transactions are public on the blockchain but do not directly link to individual identities unless voluntarily disclosed.

4. System Design

   • CBDCs: May adopt a hybrid system combining centralized (e.g., central bank-controlled settlement) and decentralized elements (e.g., private-sector intermediaries). Offline functionality and interoperability with existing systems are priorities. • Bitcoin: Fully decentralized, using a distributed ledger (blockchain) where all transactions are validated and recorded without reliance on intermediaries.

5. Cybersecurity

   • CBDCs: Cybersecurity risks are heightened due to potential reliance on centralized points for data storage and validation. Post-quantum cryptography is a concern for future-proofing against quantum computing threats. • Bitcoin: Security relies on cryptographic algorithms and decentralization. However, it is also vulnerable to quantum computing in the long term, unless upgraded to quantum-resistant protocols.

6. Offline Functionality

   • CBDCs: Exploring offline payment capabilities for broader usability in remote or unconnected areas. • Bitcoin: Offline payments are not natively supported, although some solutions (e.g., Lightning Network or third-party hardware wallets) can enable limited offline functionality.

7. Point of Sale and Adoption

   • CBDCs: Designed for seamless integration with existing PoS systems and modern financial infrastructure to encourage widespread adoption. • Bitcoin: Adoption depends on merchant willingness and the availability of cryptocurrency payment gateways. Its volatility can discourage usage as a medium of exchange.

8. Monetary Policy and Design

   • CBDCs: Can be programmed to support specific policy goals, such as negative interest rates, transaction limits, or conditional transfers. • Bitcoin: Supply is fixed at 21 million coins, governed by its code. It is resistant to monetary policy interventions and inflationary adjustments.

In summary, while CBDCs aim to complement existing monetary systems with centralized oversight and tailored features, Bitcoin is designed as a decentralized alternative to traditional currency. CBDCs prioritize integration, control, and regulatory compliance, whereas Bitcoin emphasizes autonomy, censorship resistance, and a trustless system.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

What is pfSense?

pfSense is a free, open-source firewall and router software distribution based on FreeBSD. It includes a web-based GUI and supports advanced features like:

• Stateful packet inspection (SPI)
• Virtual Private Network (VPN) support (OpenVPN, WireGuard, IPSec)
• Dynamic and static routing
• Traffic shaping and QoS
• Load balancing and failover
• VLANs and captive portals
• Intrusion Detection/Prevention (Snort, Suricata)
• DNS, DHCP, and more

Use Cases

• Home networks with multiple devices
• Small to medium businesses
• Remote work VPN gateway
• IoT segmentation
• Homelab firewalls
• Wi-Fi network segmentation

---

2. Essential Hardware Components

When building a pfSense router, you must match your hardware to your use case. The system needs at least two network interfaces—one for WAN, one for LAN.

Core Components

| Component | Requirement | Budget-Friendly Example | |---------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------| | CPU | Dual-core 64-bit x86 (AES-NI support recommended) | Intel Celeron J4105, AMD GX-412HC, or Intel i3 6100T | | Motherboard | Mini-ITX or Micro-ATX with support for selected CPU | ASRock J4105-ITX (includes CPU) | | RAM | Minimum 4GB (8GB preferred) | Crucial 4GB DDR4 | | Storage | 16GB+ SSD or mSATA/NVMe (for longevity and speed) | Kingston A400 120GB SSD | | NICs | At least two Intel gigabit ports (Intel NICs preferred) | Intel PRO/1000 Dual-Port PCIe or onboard | | Power Supply | 80+ Bronze rated or PicoPSU for SBCs | EVGA 400W or PicoPSU 90W | | Case | Depends on form factor | Mini-ITX case (e.g., InWin Chopin) | | Cooling | Passive or low-noise | Stock heatsink or case fan |

---

3. Recommended Affordable Hardware Builds

Build 1: Super Budget (Fanless)

• Motherboard/CPU: ASRock J4105-ITX (quad-core, passive cooling, AES-NI)
• RAM: 4GB DDR4 SO-DIMM
• Storage: 120GB SATA SSD
• NICs: 1 onboard + 1 PCIe Intel Dual Port NIC
• Power Supply: PicoPSU with 60W adapter
• Case: Mini-ITX fanless enclosure
• Estimated Cost: ~$150–180

Build 2: Performance on a Budget

• CPU: Intel i3-6100T (low power, AES-NI support)
• Motherboard: ASUS H110M-A/M.2 (Micro-ATX)
• RAM: 8GB DDR4
• Storage: 120GB SSD
• NICs: 2-port Intel PCIe NIC
• Case: Compact ATX case
• Power Supply: 400W Bronze-rated PSU
• Estimated Cost: ~$200–250

---

4. Assembling the Hardware

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Prepare the Workspace:
2. Anti-static mat or surface
3. Philips screwdriver
4. Install CPU (if required):
5. Align and seat CPU into socket
6. Apply thermal paste and attach cooler
7. Insert RAM into DIMM slots
8. Install SSD and connect to SATA port
9. Install NIC into PCIe slot
10. Connect power supply to motherboard, SSD
11. Place system in case and secure all components
12. Plug in power and monitor

---

5. Installing pfSense Software

What You'll Need

• A 1GB+ USB flash drive
• A separate computer with internet access

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Download pfSense ISO:
2. Visit: https://www.pfsense.org/download/
3. Choose AMD64, USB Memstick Installer, and mirror site
4. Create Bootable USB:
5. Use tools like balenaEtcher or Rufus to write ISO to USB
6. Boot the Router from USB:
7. Enter BIOS → Set USB as primary boot
8. Save and reboot
9. Install pfSense:
10. Accept defaults during installation
11. Choose ZFS or UFS (UFS is simpler for small SSDs)
12. Install to SSD, remove USB post-installation

---

6. Basic Configuration Settings

After the initial boot, pfSense will assign: - WAN to one interface (via DHCP) - LAN to another (default IP: 192.168.1.1)

Access WebGUI

1. Connect a PC to LAN port
2. Open browser → Navigate to http://192.168.1.1
3. Default login: admin / pfsense

Initial Setup Wizard

• Change admin password
• Set hostname and DNS
• Set time zone
• Confirm WAN/LAN settings
• Enable DHCP server for LAN
• Optional: Enable SSH

---

7. Tips and Best Practices

Security Best Practices

• Change default password immediately
• Block all inbound traffic by default
• Enable DNS over TLS (with Unbound)
• Regularly update pfSense firmware and packages
• Use strong encryption for VPNs
• Limit admin access to specific IPs

Performance Optimization

• Use Intel NICs for reliable throughput
• Offload DNS, VPN, and DHCP to dedicated packages
• Disable unnecessary services to reduce CPU load
• Monitor system logs for errors and misuse
• Enable traffic shaping if managing VoIP or streaming

Useful Add-ons

• pfBlockerNG: Ad-blocking and geo-blocking
• Suricata: Intrusion Detection System
• OpenVPN/WireGuard: VPN server setup
• Zabbix Agent: External monitoring

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8. Consider

With a modest investment and basic technical skills, anyone can build a powerful, flexible, and secure pfSense router. Choosing the right hardware for your needs ensures a smooth experience without overpaying or underbuilding. Whether you're enhancing your home network, setting up a secure remote office, or learning network administration, a custom pfSense router is a versatile, long-term solution.

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Appendix: Example Hardware Component List

| Component | Item | Price (Approx.) | |------------------|--------------------------|------------------| | Motherboard/CPU | ASRock J4105-ITX | $90 | | RAM | Crucial 4GB DDR4 | $15 | | Storage | Kingston A400 120GB SSD | $15 | | NIC | Intel PRO/1000 Dual PCIe | $20 | | Case | Mini-ITX InWin Chopin | $40 | | Power Supply | PicoPSU 60W + Adapter | $25 | | Total | | ~$205 |

@ 866e0139:6a9334e5

Autor: Tom-Oliver Regenauer

Grafik: Tina Ovalle.

Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben. Sie finden alle Texte der Friedenstaube und weitere Texte zum Thema Frieden hier.

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»Krieg ist Frieden«. Dieses zwischenzeitlich fast abgedroschen wirkende, weil in den letzten Jahren zu häufig verwendete Zitat aus George Orwells Klassiker »1984«, beschreibt zunehmend genau, was europäische Spitzenpolitiker dieser Tage als »Wehrtüchtigkeit« vermarkten – die wahnwitzige Illusion, dass Kriegswaffen der Friedenssicherung dienen. 

So aber funktioniert das Geschäft industrialisierten Tötens nicht. Denn Krieg entsteht nicht organisch. Schon gar kein Weltkrieg. Militärische Konflikte globalen Ausmaßes sind stets trauriger Kulminationspunkt langjähriger Entwicklungen. Sie beginnen mit Partikularinteressen, diplomatischen Kontakten, bilateralen Absprachen, militärisch-industriellen Konjunkturprogrammen und der Etablierung von Verteidigungsbündnissen. Kriege sind von langer Hand geplante Disruptionen, die genutzt werden, um Paradigmenwechsel zu rechtfertigen – Entwicklungen, die der Bevölkerung ohne eine solch existenzielle Bedrohung nicht unterzujubeln sind. So gäbe es ohne die beiden ersten Weltkriege heute weder die Bank für Internationalen Zahlungsausgleich noch die Vereinten Nationen oder die NATO. Und auch das herrschende, auf Verschuldung basierende und von Zentralbankkartellen dominierte Weltfinanzsystem, das darauf ausgelegt ist, Staaten und damit deren Bevölkerung schleichend zu enteignen, wäre so nicht entstanden – siehe Bretton Woods und »Nixon Schock«.

Wem dienen Kriege?

Folgt man der tatsächlichen Geschichte des Ersten Weltkrieges, die nicht 1914 mit der Ermordung von Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand, sondern bereits 1891 in Südafrika begann – siehe Teil 1 und 2 meines diesbezüglichen Essays – wird rasch deutlich, wem Kriege dienen. Und damit auch, von wem sie ausgelöst werden: Von Finanzkartellen, die zunächst an der Aufrüstung, dann an der Finanzierung des Krieges und zum Schluss am Wiederaufbau verdienen – ganz zu schweigen von der supranationalen Konsolidierung und Zentralisierung von Finanzmacht, die mit derartigen geopolitischen Verwerfungen einhergeht. 

Im Falle der beiden Weltkriege sind diese Hintergründe gut belegt und detailliert nachvollziehbar. Man muss sie nur lesen. Weil Geschichte, zumindest die offiziell goutierte und gelehrte Variante, aber bedauerlicherweise von den Gewinnern geschrieben wird, sind wir scheinbar dazu verdammt, sie zu wiederholen. Dem geschichtsaffinen Leser dürfte es derweil nicht allzu schwer fallen, Parallelen zwischen der Zeit vor den beiden Weltkriegen und der Gegenwart auszumachen.

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DIE FRIEDENSTAUBE JETZT ABONNIEREN:

Hier können Sie die Friedenstaube abonnieren und bekommen die Artikel in Ihr Postfach, vorerst für alle kostenfrei, wir starten gänzlich ohne Paywall. (Die Bezahlabos fangen erst zu laufen an, wenn ein Monetarisierungskonzept für die Inhalte steht).

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Schon jetzt können Sie uns unterstützen:

• Für 50 CHF/EURO bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo der Friedenstaube.
• Für 120 CHF/EURO bekommen Sie ein Jahresabo und ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube.
• Für 500 CHF/EURO werden Sie Förderer und bekommen ein lebenslanges Abo sowie ein T-Shirt/Hoodie mit der Friedenstaube.
• Ab 1000 CHF werden Sie Genossenschafter der Friedenstaube mit Stimmrecht (und bekommen lebenslanges Abo, T-Shirt/Hoodie).

Für Einzahlungen in CHF (Betreff: Friedenstaube):

Für Einzahlungen in Euro:

Milosz Matuschek

IBAN DE 53710520500000814137

BYLADEM1TST

Sparkasse Traunstein-Trostberg

Betreff: Friedenstaube

Wenn Sie auf anderem Wege beitragen wollen, schreiben Sie die Friedenstaube an: milosz@pareto.space oder kontakt@idw-europe.org.

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Zum einen stimmt Trump die USA auf Isolationismus ein. Zum anderen lässt er das US-Militär gleichzeitig Öl in die bestehenden Brandherde in Europa, Nahost und dem Indopazifik gießen. Gleichzeitig läuten seine Strafzölle eine Phase internationaler Handelskriege ein, die den Rest der Welt zur Reaktion zwingt. Nicht umsonst spricht Ursula von der Leyen nun von »ReARM Europe« und will bis zu 800 Milliarden Euro für »Wiederaufrüstung« mobilisieren. Nicht von ungefähr wirft Friedrich Merz, ehemaliger BlackRock-Manager, auf dem Weg ins Kanzleramt mit »Sondervermögen« um sich und möchte 500 Milliarden in die Bundeswehr investieren. Vielleicht hat ihn Larry Fink oder die Teilnahme an der Bilderberg Konferenz 2024 in Madrid inspiriert – standen dort doch unter anderem die »Zukunft der Kriegsführung« und die »geopolitische Landschaft« auf der Agenda. 

Es besteht kein Zweifel: Wir befinden uns in einer Vorkriegszeit. Die Frage ist nur, wie dieser Krieg aussehen wird und wann er beginnt. Denn die moderne Informationskriegsführung gegen die breite Bevölkerung läuft spätestens seit 9/11 auf Hochtouren – und intensivierte sich nach der Markeinführung des Smartphones im Jahr 2007 konstant. Es hat Gründe, warum ich einen Großteil meiner Artgenossen heute als Smombie bezeichne. 

Zeit, für den Frieden zu kämpfen

Wie jedoch ein kinetischer Krieg in den 2020er Jahren aussehen wird, vor allem, wenn atomar bewaffnete, mit Drohnen, Robotern und KI ausgestattete Supermächte sich gegenüberstehen, weiß niemand. Den Ersten Weltkrieg konnte man sich damals auch nicht vorstellen – denn bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt gab es keine derartig weitreichenden »Verteidigungsallianzen« und »Bündnisfälle«. Auch die Waffen, die im Zweiten Weltkrieg zum Einsatz kommen sollten, waren neu. Das Ausmaß der Zerstörung eine todbringende Zäsur. 

Wenig verwunderlich also, dass die Reprise dieser zivilisatorischen Katastrophe knapp 60 Millionen mehr Menschen das Leben kostete als die Premiere – und den perfekten Hebel zur Etablierung der postmodernen »Global Governance« bot. Einem inhumanen, antidemokratischen, zusehends totalitären Herrschaftskonstrukt, das sich nun mit der aus dem Elfenbeinturm kommunizierten »Zeitenwende«, »Wehrtüchtigkeit« und »ReARM Europe« anschickt, uns in einen Dritten Weltkrieg zu manövrieren. 

Es ist Zeit, nein zu sagen. Nein zu Sondervermögen. Nein zu Aufrüstung. Nein zu Massenvernichtungswaffen. Und nein zu Konflikten, die stets von jenen angezettelt werden, die darin »nicht sterben« werden, wie Robert Habeck im Februar 2022 bei Maischberger selbst einräumte. Nein zu Krieg!

Wer seine Kinder nicht an die Front schicken oder am eigenen Leib erfahren möchte, welche automatisiert mordenden Waffengattungen in einem Dritten Weltkrieg zum Einsatz kommen, sollte für den Frieden kämpfen. Mit allen Mitteln – gemeinsam – und zwar jetzt. Bedarf es für die finale Ausgestaltung der »vierten industriellen Revolution«, für Agenda 2030, C40-Städte und Net Zero 2050, sprich, dem digitalen Gulag von morgen, einer globalen militärischen Disruption – und das scheint im Lichte der Vergangenheit durchaus wahrscheinlich – bleibt uns nicht mehr allzu viel Zeit, um Sand ins Getriebe der aufheulenden Kriegsmaschinerie zu streuen.

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Tom-Oliver Regenauer, Jahrgang 1978, war nach betriebswirtschaftlicher Ausbildung in verschiedenen Branchen und Rollen tätig, unter anderem als Betriebsleiter, Unternehmens- und Management-Berater sowie internationaler Projektmanager mit Einsätzen in über 20 Ländern. Seit Mitte der 90er-Jahre ist er zudem als Musikproduzent und Texter aktiv und betreibt ein unabhängiges Plattenlabel. Der in Deutschland geborene Autor lebt seit 2009 in der Schweiz. Zuletzt erschienen von ihm „Homo Demens — Texte zu Zeitenwende, Technokratie und Korporatismus“ (2023), „Truman Show“ (2024) und "HOPIUM" (2025). Weitere Informationen unter www.regenauer.press.\ HOPIUM jetzt direkt im Shop oder im Handel.

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Wir testen derzeit den Mailversand an allen Artikeln. In Zukunft bekommen Sie ca. drei Mailsendungen der Friedenstaube pro Woche.

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Sie sind noch nicht auf Nostr and wollen die volle Erfahrung machen (liken, kommentieren, zappen etc.)? Erstellen Sie sich einen Account auf Start. Weitere Onboarding-Leitfäden gibt es im Pareto-Wiki.

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b

“The human spirit should remain in charge.”

Pablo & Gigi talk about the wind.

In this dialogue:

• Wind
• More Wind
• Information Calories, and how to measure them
• Digital Wellbeing
• Rescue Time
• Teleology of Technology
• Platforms get users Hooked (book)
• Feeds are slot machines
• Movie Walls
• Tweetdeck and Notedeck
• IRC vs the modern feed
• 37Signals: “Hey, let’s just charge users!”
• “You wouldn’t zap a car crash”
• Catering to our highest self VS catering to our lowest self
• Devolution of YouTube 5-star ratings to thumb up/down to views
• Long videos vs shorts
• The internet had to monetize itself somehow (with attention)
• “Don’t be evil” and why Google had to remove it
• Questr: 2D exploration of nostr
• ONOSENDAI by Arkinox
• Freedom tech & Freedom from Tech
• DAUs of jumper cables
• Gossip and it’s choices
• “The secret to life is to send it”
• Flying water & flying bus stops
• RSS readers, Mailbrew, and daily digests
• Nostr is high signal and less addictive
• Calling nostr posts “tweets” and recordings being “on tape”
• Pivoting from nostr dialogues to a podcast about wind
• The unnecessary complexity of NIP-96
• Blossom (and wind)
• Undoing URLs, APIs, and REST
• ISBNs and cryptographic identifiers
• SaaS and the DAU metric
• Highlighter
• Not caring where stuff is hosted
• When is an edited thing a new thing?
• Edits, the edit wars, and the case against edits
• NIP-60 and inconsistent balances
• Scroll to text fragment and best effort matching
• Proximity hashes & locality-sensitive hashing
• Helping your Uncle Jack of a horse
• Helping your uncle jack of a horse
• Can we fix it with WoT?
• Vertex & vibe-coding a proper search for nostr
• Linking to hashtags & search queries
• Advanced search and why it’s great
• Search scopes & web of trust
• The UNIX tools of nostr
• Pablo’s NDK snippets
• Meredith on the privacy nightmare of Agentic AI
• Blog-post-driven development (Lightning Prisms, Highlighter)
• Sandwich-style LLM prompting, Waterfall for LLMs (HLDD / LLDD)
• “Speed itself is a feature”
• MCP & DVMCP
• Monorepos and git submodules
• Olas & NDK
• Pablo’s RemindMe bot
• “Breaking changes kinda suck”
• Stories, shorts, TikTok, and OnlyFans
• LLM-generated sticker styles
• LLMs and creativity (and Gigi’s old email)
• “AI-generated art has no soul”
• Nostr, zaps, and realness
• Does the source matter?
• Poker client in bitcoin v0.0.1
• Quotes from Hitler and how additional context changes meaning
• Greek finance minister on crypto and bitcoin (Technofeudalism, book)
• Is more context always good?
• Vervaeke’s AI argument
• What is meaningful?
• How do you extract meaning from information?
• How do you extract meaning from experience?
• “What the hell is water”
• Creativity, imagination, hallucination, and losing touch with reality
• “Bitcoin is singularity insurance”
• Will vibe coding make developers obsolete?
• Knowing what to build vs knowing how to build
• 10min block time & the physical limits of consensus
• Satoshi’s reasons articulated in his announcement post
• Why do anything? Why stack sats? Why have kids?
• All you need now is motivation
• Upcoming agents will actually do the thing
• Proliferation of writers: quantity VS quality
• Crisis of sameness & the problem of distribution
• Patronage, belle epoche, and bitcoin art
• Niches, and how the internet fractioned society
• Joe’s songs
• Hyper-personalized stories
• Shared stories & myths (Jonathan Pageau)
• Hyper-personalized apps VS shared apps
• Agency, free expression, and free speech
• Edgy content & twitch meta, aka skating the line of demonetization and deplatforming
• Using attention as a proxy currency
• Farming eyeballs and brain cycles
• Engagement as a success metric & engagement bait
• “You wouldn’t zap a car crash”
• Attention economy is parasitic on humanity
• The importance of speech & money
• What should be done by a machine?
• What should be done by a human?
• “The human spirit should remain in charge”
• Our relationship with fiat money
• Active vs passive, agency vs serfdom

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

The Bank of Amsterdam (Amsterdamse Wisselbank), established in 1609, played a pivotal role in the early history of banking and the development of banknotes. While banknotes as a concept had been pioneered in China centuries earlier, their modern form began emerging in Europe in the 17th century, and the Bank of Amsterdam leveraged its unique position to dominate this nascent monetary tool.

Founding and Early Innovations

The Bank of Amsterdam was created to stabilize and rationalize Amsterdam’s chaotic monetary system. During the early 1600s, a plethora of coins of varying quality and origin circulated in Europe, making trade cumbersome and unreliable. The Wisselbank provided a centralized repository where merchants could deposit coins and receive account balances in return, denominated in a standardized unit of account known as “bank money.” This “bank money” was more stable and widely trusted, making it an early form of fiat currency.

The Rise of Banknotes

Although the Wisselbank initially issued “bank money” as a ledger-based system, the growing demand for portable, trusted currency led to the adoption of transferable receipts or “banknotes.” These receipts acted as claims on deposited money and quickly became a trusted medium of exchange. The innovation of banknotes allowed merchants to avoid carrying large quantities of heavy coinage, enhancing convenience and security in trade.

Monopoly on Banknotes

The Wisselbank’s reputation for financial stability and integrity enabled it to establish a monopoly on banknotes in the Dutch Republic. The bank’s stringent policies ensured that its issued notes were fully backed by coinage or bullion, which bolstered trust in their value. By centralizing the issuance of notes, the bank eliminated competition from private or less reliable issuers, ensuring its notes became the de facto currency for merchants and traders.

Moreover, the bank’s policies discouraged the redemption of notes for physical coins, as it charged fees for withdrawals. This incentivized the circulation of banknotes rather than the underlying specie, cementing their role in the economy.

Decline of the Monopoly

The Wisselbank’s monopoly and influence lasted for much of the 17th century, making Amsterdam a hub of global trade and finance. However, as the 18th century progressed, financial mismanagement and competition from other emerging financial institutions eroded the Wisselbank’s dominance. By the late 18th century, its role in the global financial system had diminished, and other European financial centers, such as London, rose to prominence.

Legacy

The Bank of Amsterdam’s early monopolization of banknotes set a precedent for centralized banking and the development of modern monetary systems. Its ability to create trust in a standardized, portable medium of exchange foreshadowed the role that central banks would play in issuing and regulating currency worldwide.

@ 6e0ea5d6:0327f353

"Malcolm Forbes recounts that a lady, wearing a faded cotton dress, and her husband, dressed in an old handmade suit, stepped off a train in Boston, USA, and timidly made their way to the office of the president of Harvard University. They had come from Palo Alto, California, and had not scheduled an appointment. The secretary, at a glance, thought that those two, looking like country bumpkins, had no business at Harvard.
— We want to speak with the president — the man said in a low voice.
— He will be busy all day — the secretary replied curtly.
— We will wait.
The secretary ignored them for hours, hoping the couple would finally give up and leave. But they stayed there, and the secretary, somewhat frustrated, decided to bother the president, although she hated doing that.
— If you speak with them for just a few minutes, maybe they will decide to go away — she said.
The president sighed in irritation but agreed. Someone of his importance did not have time to meet people like that, but he hated faded dresses and tattered suits in his office. With a stern face, he went to the couple.
— We had a son who studied at Harvard for a year — the woman said. — He loved Harvard and was very happy here, but a year ago he died in an accident, and we would like to erect a monument in his honor somewhere on campus.

— My lady — said the president rudely —, we cannot erect a statue for every person who studied at Harvard and died; if we did, this place would look like a cemetery.

— Oh, no — the lady quickly replied. — We do not want to erect a statue. We would like to donate a building to Harvard.

The president looked at the woman's faded dress and her husband's old suit and exclaimed:

— A building! Do you have even the faintest idea of how much a building costs? We have more than seven and a half million dollars' worth of buildings here at Harvard.

The lady was silent for a moment, then said to her husband:

— If that’s all it costs to found a university, why don’t we have our own?

The husband agreed.

The couple, Leland Stanford, stood up and left, leaving the president confused. Traveling back to Palo Alto, California, they established there Stanford University, the second-largest in the world, in honor of their son, a former Harvard student."

Text extracted from: "Mileumlivros - Stories that Teach Values."

Thank you for reading, my friend! If this message helped you in any way, consider leaving your glass “🥃” as a token of appreciation.

A toast to our family!

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Chef's notes

Serving these two dishes together will create a delightful centerpiece for your Thanksgiving meal, offering a perfect blend of traditional flavors with a homemade touch.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 - 2 hours
• 🍽️ Servings: 4-6

Ingredients

• 1 whole turkey (about 12-14 lbs), thawed and ready to cook
• 1 cup unsalted butter, softened
• 2 tablespoons fresh thyme, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh rosemary, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh sage, chopped
• Salt and freshly ground black pepper
• 1 onion, quartered
• 1 lemon, halved
• 2-3 cloves of garlic
• Apple and Sage Stuffing
• 1 loaf of crusty bread, cut into cubes
• 2 apples, cored and chopped
• 1 onion, diced
• 2 stalks celery, diced
• 3 cloves garlic, minced
• 1/4 cup fresh sage, chopped
• 1/2 cup unsalted butter
• 2 cups chicken broth
• Salt and pepper, to taste

Directions

1. Preheat the Oven: Set your oven to 325°F (165°C).
2. Prepare the Herb Butter: Mix the softened butter with the chopped thyme, rosemary, and sage. Season with salt and pepper.
3. Prepare the Turkey: Remove any giblets from the turkey and pat it dry. Loosen the skin and spread a generous amount of herb butter under and over the skin.
4. Add Aromatics: Inside the turkey cavity, place the quartered onion, lemon halves, and garlic cloves.
5. Roast: Place the turkey in a roasting pan. Tent with aluminum foil and roast. A general guideline is about 15 minutes per pound, or until the internal temperature reaches 165°F (74°C) at the thickest part of the thigh.
6. Rest and Serve: Let the turkey rest for at least 20 minutes before carving.
7. Next: Apple and Sage Stuffing
8. Dry the Bread: Spread the bread cubes on a baking sheet and let them dry overnight, or toast them in the oven.
9. Cook the Vegetables: In a large skillet, melt the butter and cook the onion, celery, and garlic until soft.
10. Combine Ingredients: Add the apples, sage, and bread cubes to the skillet. Stir in the chicken broth until the mixture is moist. Season with salt and pepper.
11. Bake: Transfer the stuffing to a baking dish and bake at 350°F (175°C) for about 30-40 minutes, until golden brown on top.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

Let’s break it down.

🎭 The Cultural Love for Hype

Trinidadians are no strangers to investing. We invest in pyramid schemes, blessing circles, overpriced insurance packages, corrupt ministries, miracle crusades, and football teams that haven’t kicked a ball in years. Anything wrapped in emotion, religion, or political flag-waving gets support—no questions asked.

Bitcoin, on the other hand, demands research, self-custody, and personal responsibility. That’s not sexy in a culture where people would rather “leave it to God,” “vote them out,” or “put some pressure on the boss man.”

🧠 The Mindset Gap

There’s a deep psychological barrier here:

Fear of responsibility: Bitcoin doesn’t come with customer service. It puts you in control—and that scares people used to blaming the bank, the government, or the devil.

Love for middlemen: Whether it’s pastors, politicians, or financiers, Trinidad loves an “intercessor.” Bitcoin removes them all.

Resistance to abstraction: We’re tactile people. We want paper receipts, printed statements, and "real money." Bitcoin’s digital nature makes it feel unreal—despite being harder money than the TT dollar will ever be.

🔥 What Gets Us Excited

Let a pastor say God told him to buy a jet—people pledge money.

Let a politician promise a ghost job—people campaign.

Let a friend say he knows a man that can flip $100 into $500—people sign up.

But tell someone to download a Bitcoin wallet, learn about self-custody, and opt out of inflation?

They tell you that’s a scam.

⚖️ The Harsh Reality

Trinidad is on the brink of a currency crisis. The TT dollar is quietly bleeding value. Bank fees rise, foreign exchange is a riddle, and financial surveillance is tightening.

Bitcoin is an escape hatch—but it requires a new kind of mindset: one rooted in self-education, long-term thinking, and personal accountability. These aren’t values we currently celebrate—but they are values we desperately need.

🟠 A Guide to Starting with Bitcoin in Trinidad

1. Understand Bitcoin

It’s not a stock or company. It’s a decentralized protocol like email—but for money.

It’s finite. Only 21 million will ever exist.

It’s permissionless. No bank, government, or pastor can block your access.

1. Get a Wallet

Start with Phoenix Wallet or Blue Wallet (for Lightning).

If you're going offline, learn about SeedSigner or Trezor for cold storage.

1. Earn or Buy BTC

Use Robosats or Peach for peer-to-peer (P2P) trading.

Ask your clients to pay in Bitcoin.

Zap content on Nostr to earn sats.

1. Secure It

Learn about seed phrases, hardware wallets, and multisig options.

Never leave your coins on exchanges.

Consider a steel backup plate.

1. Use It

Pay others in BTC.

Accept BTC for services.

Donate to freedom tech projects or communities building open internet tools.

🧭 Case In Point

Bitcoin isn’t just technology. It’s a mirror—one that reveals who we really are. Trinidad isn’t slow to adopt Bitcoin because it’s hard. We’re slow because we don’t want to let go of the comfort of being misled.

But times are changing. And the first person to wake up usually ends up leading the others.

So maybe it’s time.

Maybe you are the one to bring Bitcoin to Trinidad—not by shouting, but by living it.

@ e7bc35f8:3ed2a7cf

Imagine a world where governments couldn't fund wars simply by printing money...

Would history have changed? Could World War I have ended in months instead of four bloody years?

August 1914. A small incident in Central Europe triggers a snowball effect no one foresaw. British newspapers call it "the war of the August bank holiday"—a brief summer campaign for the troops.

No one imagined that this "short conflict" would turn into the first global slaughterhouse in human history.

But how did a local war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia spiral into such devastation?

The answer lies in something few suspect: money.

In hindsight, the key difference between World War I and earlier, more limited wars was not geopolitical or strategic—it was monetary.

Before the war, the gold standard imposed strict fiscal discipline on all nations. Money was directly tied to the gold reserves of each country, automatically limiting military expenditures.

Yet, within weeks of the war’s outbreak, every major warring nation did something unprecedented: they suspended the convertibility of their currency into gold.

With this single move, governments gained access not only to their own treasuries but effectively to the entire wealth of their citizens.

As long as a government could print money and people accepted it, it could fund an endless war. Without the gold standard’s constraints, states could keep sending young men to the slaughter.

History might have taken a different course if gold had been in the hands of Europe's citizens, forcing governments to rely on taxation instead of inflation. The war might have ended within months, as one of the alliances would have run out of financial resources.

The absurdity of this war was not lost on those at the front lines. On Christmas Eve of 1914, something remarkable happened: French, British, and German soldiers defied orders, laid down their weapons, and crossed enemy lines.

Men who were supposed to be enemies exchanged gifts and played football. Ordinary people realized what their leaders could not: they had no real quarrel with each other and no true reason to kill.

By the war’s end in 1918, the currencies of all major European powers had collapsed. In the defeated nations, Germany and Austria, money had lost more than half its value.

And for what? The territorial changes resulting from the war barely justified the slaughter of millions. None of the victorious powers gained lands significant enough to warrant such sacrifices.

World War I forever altered our relationship with money. After the war, money ceased to be a matter of the market and became a tool of political control.

Gold would never again serve as the world’s uniform currency, as central banks monopolized its reserves. But decades later, the invention of Bitcoin would lay the foundation for a new kind of money—one beyond national borders and state control.

Could a truly independent currency have prevented a world war? And what can this history teach us about the future of money and global peace?

| From "The Bitcoin Standard", Saifedean Ammus

@ 9e69e420:d12360c2

President Trump has intensified immigration enforcement, likening it to a wartime effort. Despite pouring resources into the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), arrest numbers are declining and falling short of goals. ICE fell from about 800 daily arrests in late January to fewer than 600 in early February.

Critics argue the administration is merely showcasing efforts with ineffectiveness, while Trump seeks billions more in funding to support his deportation agenda. Increased involvement from various federal agencies is intended to assist ICE, but many lack specific immigration training.

Challenges persist, as fewer immigrants are available for quick deportation due to a decline in illegal crossings. Local sheriffs are also pressured by rising demands to accommodate immigrants, which may strain resources further.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

The inherent heterogeneity of relay types within this ecosystem not only enhances operational agility but also significantly contributes to the overall robustness and resilience of the network architecture, empowering it to endure systemic assaults or coordinated initiatives designed to suppress specific content.

In examining the technical underpinnings of the Nostr protocol, relays are characterized by their exceptional adaptability, permitting deployment across an extensive variety of hosting environments configured to achieve targeted operational objectives.

For example, strategically deploying relays in jurisdictions characterized by robust legal protections for free expression can provide effective countermeasures against local censorship and pervasive legal restrictions in regions plagued by oppressive control.

This strategic operational framework mirrors the approaches adopted by whistleblowers and activists who deliberately position their digital platforms or mirrored content within territories boasting more favorable regulatory environments regarding internet freedoms.

Alternatively, relays may also be meticulously configured to operate exclusively within offline contexts—functioning within localized area networks or leveraging air-gapped computational configurations.

Such offline relays are indispensable in scenarios necessitating disaster recovery, secure communication frameworks, or methods for grassroots documentation, thereby safeguarding sensitive data from unauthorized access, ensuring its integrity against tampering, and preserving resilience in the face of both potential disruptions in internet connectivity and overarching surveillance efforts.

@ 06b7819d:d1d8327c

Understanding Figure and Ground: How We Perceive the World

The concept of “figure and ground” originates from Gestalt psychology but takes on profound implications in Marshall McLuhan’s media theory. At its core, figure and ground describe the relationship between what we focus on (the “figure”) and the larger context that shapes and influences it (the “ground”). Together, they illustrate how perception is shaped not only by what we pay attention to, but by what we overlook.

Figure and Ground in Perception

Imagine looking at a photo of a tree in a forest. The tree might stand out as the figure—it’s what your attention is drawn to. However, the forest, the sky, and even the light conditions around the tree create the ground. These background elements are not immediately in focus, but they are essential to understanding the tree’s existence and meaning within its environment.

Our minds are naturally inclined to separate figure from ground, but this process often distorts our perception. By focusing on one aspect, we tend to neglect the broader context that gives it meaning. This principle applies not just to visual perception but also to the way we experience media, technology, and culture.

McLuhan’s Take: Media as Ground

For McLuhan, media and technology are the “ground” upon which all human activity takes place. We often fixate on the “figure” of a medium—the content it delivers—without recognizing the ground, which is the medium itself and its pervasive influence. For example, we might focus on the latest viral video (the figure) without reflecting on how platforms like TikTok (the ground) shape attention spans, social behaviors, and even our cultural norms.

McLuhan famously argued that “the medium is the message,” meaning the medium’s structure and characteristics influence society far more deeply than the specific content it carries. The figure (content) distracts us from examining the ground (medium), which often operates invisibly.

Figure and Ground in Daily Life

Consider smartphones. The apps, messages, and videos we interact with daily are the figures. The ground is the smartphone itself—a device that transforms communication, alters social dynamics, and restructures how we manage time and attention. Focusing solely on what’s displayed on the screen blinds us to the ways the device reshapes our lives.

Rebalancing Perception

To truly understand the impact of media and technology, McLuhan urged us to become aware of the ground. By stepping back and observing how the environment shapes the figure, we can better grasp the larger systems at work. This requires a shift in perspective: instead of asking “What does this content mean?” we might ask “How does this medium affect the way I think, behave, or relate to others?”

Understanding figure and ground helps us see the world more holistically, uncovering hidden dynamics that shape perception and culture. It’s a reminder that what we take for granted—what fades into the background—is often the most transformative force of all.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Die Figuren in der Koalition der Willigen entlarven ihre charakterliche Ungeeignetheit für politische Ämter mit Verantwortung für ganze Nationen. Staatliche Entscheidungen dürfen nicht emotionsgesteuert sein. Aber genau das ist derzeit der Fall. Überall wird mit der Moralkeule um sich gehauen. Erwachsene benehmen sich wie im Kindergarten und zeigen ihre fehlende Reife. Von menschlicher Größe ganz zu schweigen.

Bisher war es schön warm unter den Fittichen der USA. Deutschland hat aufgrund seiner Geschichte besonders gut den Nick-August gespielt und sich selbst eine Souveränität vorgelogen, die es so nie gegeben hat. Jetzt sieht es so aus, als wollten die USA Europa in die Freiheit, in die Volljährigkeit entlassen. Es könnte auch sein, dass die USA aus der NATO austreten und sich vor allem um sich selbst kümmern. Allein das würde die Welt schon wesentlich friedlicher machen, denkt man beispielsweise an den Einmarsch in den Irak. Es gehen Gerüchte um, dass Truppen aus Rumänien und Deutschland abgezogen werden sollen.

Vielleicht geht es bei den Friedensverhandlungen zwischen Trump und Putin nicht nur um die Ukraine, sondern, wenn man schon mal dabei ist, auch um die Kräfteverteilung in Europa insgesamt. Waffeneinsätze in der Ukraine wurden maßgeblich von Wiesbaden aus gesteuert. 2026 sollen dort US-Mittelstrecken-Raketen stationiert werden. Der an Führungsstärke kleinste Kanzler der Bundesrepublik, Scholz, hat das brav abgenickt. Der nur noch durch ein Wunder zu verhindernde neue Kanzler, das Glas Gewürzgurken aus dem Sauerland, provoziert Russland mit seiner Ankündigung zu den Taurus-Raketen dafür um so mehr. Da ist man schon fast gewillt, sich den Scholz zurückzuwünschen, als das kleinere Übel.

Statt mit Besonnenheit und Vernunft die veränderte Sicherheitslage mit den USA als eher abtrünnige Schutzmacht neu zu bewerten, hierin auch eine Chance zu sehen, eine starke Botschaft und den Willen auf ein friedliches neues Miteinander in den Fokus zu stellen, reagieren die meisten europäischen politischen „Spitzenkräfte“ mit blindem Aktionismus, der weltenbrandgefährlich ist. Und Deutschland, dass es sich aufgrund seiner Geschichte am wenigsten erlauben könnte, macht mit von der Leyen in Brüssel und Merz, Pistorius und anderen Kriegs-Warm-Uppern am weitesten das Maul auf, obwohl es sich am bedecktesten halten sollte.

Angesichts der Tatsache, dass Europa gegenüber einer Atommacht wie Russland vollkommen wehrlos ist, wäre es wirklich viel gescheiter, sich der neuen Situation anzupassen und ständig Signale der Friedensbereitschaft zu senden. Unterstütz von den Briten und Franzosen schmiegt Brüssel eine Koalition der Friedensuntüchtigen, wie sie Uwe Froschauer aktuell in seinem Buch „Die Friedensuntüchtigen“ beschreibt. In der Rezension von mir gibt es auch einen Link zu einem Review des Inhalts:

https://wassersaege.com/blogbeitraege/buchrezension-die-friedensuntuechtigen-von-uwe-froschauer/

Stattdessen passiert das Gegenteil.

Es ist nicht nur legitim, sondern sogar Aufgabe der einzelnen Staaten, eine gewisse Verteidigungsfähigkeit aufbauen zu wollen. Derzeit geschieht das jedoch unter falschen Vorzeichen. Die NATO, als sogenanntes Verteidigungsbündnis zur Vorlage zu nehmen, wäre keine gute Idee, weil sie sich mangels Gelegenheit (der Verteidigung) eher als das Gegenteil herausgestellt hat, wie man seinerzeit in Jugoslawien erleben musste.

Russland als Feind hochzustilisieren, um ein Aufrüsten zu beschleunigen, ist jedoch der denkbar falscheste Weg. Wenn ein Yorkshire-Terrier einen Pit-Bull ankläfft, könnte das fatale Folgen haben. Wenn die europäischen „Geistesgrößen“ bei Verstand wären und in der Lage, die Realität richtig einzuschätzen, würden sie das erkennen.

Woher kommt die Überheblichkeit, woher die Unfähigkeit zur Einschätzung der Lage, woher die Realitätsverweigerung? Ist das gewollt, steckt ein Plan dahinter oder sind „die“ einfach „nur“ strunzendoof? Letzteres wäre die gefährlichste Variante.

Es stellt sich immer mehr heraus, dass Corona offensichtlich ein Test war, wie weit die Menschen in ihrer Obrigkeitshörigkeit zu treiben sind. Wie dumm und gefolgsam sind die Schafe wirklich?

Bei einer Lieferung von Taurus-Raketen, die von Deutschen gesteuert werden müssen, könnte es vielleicht gelingen, die Krim-Brücke zu zerstören. Den Kriegsverlauf würde das jedoch nicht beeinflussen. Russland gewinnt so oder so. Im Gegenteil, die Folgen für Deutschland würden den dort möglicherweise angerichteten Schaden bei weitem übertreffen.

Während ich schreibe kommt gerade auf RT DE (aufgrund der „Pressefreiheit“ verzichtet man derzeit offiziell auf diesen Sender) folgende Meldung rein: Russisches Außenministerium: Taurus-Einsatz bedeutet deutsche Kriegsbeteiligung.

https://rtde.site/international/242696-russisches-aussenministerium-taurus-einsatz-bedeutet/

Es ist nicht nachvollziehbar, dass Merz offensichtlich nicht in der Lage ist anzuerkennen, dass Russland über Oreschnik-Raketen verfügt. Er scheint nicht in der Lage zu sein, die möglichen Folgen einschätzen zu können. Genau so wenig wie Pistorius. Die beiden kommen einem vor, wie zwei, die sich im stockfinsteren Wald verirrt haben und sich gegenseitig Mut zusprechen.

Nach wie vor gibt es keine fundierten Beweise dafür, dass Russland die Absicht hat, Deutschland auf unschöne Weise bereisen zu wollen. Das kann nicht oft genug gesagt werden.

Wie schon vor dem Ukraine-Konflikt, durch ein ständiges mit der NATO-Osterweiterung Russland-immer-näher-auf-die-Pelle-rücken, streut jetzt Europa, Deutschland, der Kriegskanzler Salz in die Wunde und Russland sagt ständig: Stoy, so geht das nicht!

Wenn wir eine Bedrohungslage haben, dann die, dass das aktuelle Regime den Deutschen in seinem Wehrwahn mit Wehrpflicht und einer bevorstehenden russischen Invasion droht, obwohl es, man kann es wirklich nicht oft genug sagen, keine reale Bedrohung durch Russland gibt.

In einem Interview im deutschen Propaganda-Funk faselt Pistorius davon, dass in einem „Schnuppercamp der Bundesmarine“ in Kiel für Teenager ab 16 Jahre, er gar nichts Verwerfliches daran finden kann. „Die schießen ja nicht…“, „Wir bringen ihnen ja nicht das Töten bei mit 17, sondern wir bereiten sie vor auf eine Ausbildung zum Soldaten. Und Soldat ist ein sehr ehrenwerter Beruf, der nämlich dazu dient, unsere Freiheit und Sicherheit im Ernstfall zu verteidigen.“ Dass diese Verteidigung tödlich enden kann, wird hier verschwiegen. Das könnte schließlich Teile der Soldaten verunsichern.

Ein Politikwissenschaftler regt sich über den Titel eines Liedes auf:

-Da stört sich doch tatsächlich jemand an der Liedzeile „Meine Söhne geb‘ ich nicht“-

https://www.nachdenkseiten.de/?p=131733

Man hat das Gefühl, dass alle Politiker, statt wie Obelix in den Zaubertrank, in ein Fass Teflon-Lack gefallen sind. Anders ist es nicht zu erklären, warum die Realität so perfekt an ihnen abperlt.

Wir werden immer mehr in die Enge getrieben. Und man weiß nicht, was im Zuge der digitalisierten Überwachung, die auch in Russland kräftig Fahrt aufnimmt, zwischen den USA und Russland sonst noch ausgehandelt wird. Auch, wenn Vance derzeit von UK-Premier Keir Starmer fordert, er müsse die Gesetze gegen „Hassrede“ aufheben, um ein Handelsabkommen mit den USA zu erzielen, und das eine Vorankündigung auf die Verhandlungen mit der EU sein könnte, (Bedingung: Abschaffung des Digital Services Act). In den USA gibt es Tech-Giganten, wie Musk und Thiel und Konsorten, die mit Umlegen eines Schalters, den derzeit augenscheinlichen Kampf für Meinungsfreiheit und Freiheit der Bürger, im Handumdrehen ins Gegenteil verqueren können. Dann sind wir in Null Komma Nichts in der Versklavung mit einem Totalitarismus und einer Technokratie gelandet, in der sich Georg Orwells „1984“ wie eine Gute-Nacht-Geschichte für kleine Kinder anhört.

Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b

"With the shift towards this multi-agent collaboration and orchestration world, you need a neutral substrate that has money/identity/cryptography and web-of-trust baked in, to make everything work."

Pablo & Gigi are getting high on glue.

Books & articles mentioned:

• Saving beauty by Byung-Chul Han
• LLMs as a tool for thought by Amelia Wattenberger

In this dialogue:

• vibeline & vibeline-ui
• LLMs as tools, and how to use them
• Vervaeke: AI thresholds & the path we must take
• Hallucinations and grounding in reality
• GPL, LLMs, and open-source licensing
• Pablo's multi-agent Roo setup
• Are we going to make programmers obsolete?
• "When it works it's amazing"
• Hiring & training agents
• Agents creating RAG databases of NIPs
• Different models and their context windows
• Generalists vs specialists
• "Write drunk, edit sober"
• DVMCP.fun
• Recklessness and destruction of vibe-coding
• Sharing secrets with agents & LLMs
• The "no API key" advantage of nostr
• What data to trust? And how does nostr help?
• Identity, web of trust, and signing data
• How to fight AI slop
• Marketplaces of code snippets
• Restricting agents with expert knowledge
• Trusted sources without a central repository
• Zapstore as the prime example
• "How do you fight off re-inventing GitHub?"
• Using large context windows to help with refactoring
• Code snippets for Olas, NDK, NIP-60, and more
• Using MCP as the base
• Using nostr as the underlying substrate
• Nostr as the glue & the discovery layer
• Why is this important?
• Why is this exciting?
• "With the shift towards this multi-agent collaboration and orchestration world, you need a neutral substrate that has money/identity/cryptography and web-of-trust baked in, to make everything work."
• How to single-shot nostr applications
• "Go and create this app"
• The agent has money, because of NIP-60/61
• PayPerQ
• Anthropic and the genius of mcp-tools
• Agents zapping & giving SkyNet more money
• Are we going to run the mints?
• Are agents going to run the mints?
• How can we best explain this to our bubble?
• Let alone to people outside of our bubble?
• Building pipelines of multiple agents
• LLM chains & piped Unix tools
• OpenAI vs Anthropic
• Genius models without tools vs midwit models with tools
• Re-thinking software development
• LLMs allow you to tackle bigger problems
• Increased speed is a paradigm shift
• Generalists vs specialists, left brain vs right brain
• Nostr as the home for specialists
• fiatjaf publishing snippets (reluctantly)
• fiatjaf's blossom implementation
• Thinking with LLMs
• The tension of specialization VS generalization
• How the publishing world changed
• Stupid faces on YouTube thumbnails
• Gaming the algorithm
• Will AI slop destroy the attention economy?
• Recency bias & hiding publication dates
• Undoing platform conditioning as a success metric
• Craving realness in a fake attention world
• The theater of the attention economy
• What TikTok got "right"
• Porn, FoodPorn, EarthPorn, etc.
• Porn vs Beauty
• Smoothness and awe
• "Beauty is an angel that could kill you in an instant (but decides not to)."
• The success of Joe Rogan & long-form conversations
• Smoothness fatigue & how our feeds numb us
• Nostr & touching grass
• How movement changes conversations
• LangChain & DVMs
• Central models vs marketplaces
• Going from assembly to high-level to conceptual
• Natural language VS programming languages
• Pablo's code snippets
• Writing documentation for LLMs
• Shared concepts, shared language, and forks
• Vibe-forking open-source software
• Spotting vibe-coded interfaces
• Visualizing nostr data in a 3D world
• Tweets, blog posts, and podcasts
• Vibe-producing blog posts from conversations
• Tweets are excellent for discovery
• Adding context to tweets (long-form posts, podcasts, etc)
• Removing the character limit was a mistake
• "Everyone's attention span is rekt"
• "There is no meaning without friction"
• "Nothing worth having ever comes easy"
• Being okay with doing the hard thing
• Growth hacks & engagement bait
• TikTok, theater, and showing faces and emotions
• The 1% rule: 99% of internet users are Lurkers
• "We are socially malnourished"
• Web-of-trust and zaps bring realness
• The semantic web does NOT fix this LLMs might
• "You can not model the world perfectly"
• Hallucination as a requirement for creativity

@ fd208ee8:0fd927c1

E-cash are coupons or tokens for Bitcoin, or Bitcoin debt notes that the mint issues. The e-cash states, essentially, "IoU 2900 sats".

They're redeemable for Bitcoin on Lightning (hard money), and therefore can be used as cash (softer money), so long as the mint has a good reputation. That means that they're less fungible than Lightning because the e-cash from one mint can be more or less valuable than the e-cash from another. If a mint is buggy, offline, or disappears, then the e-cash is unreedemable.

It also means that e-cash is more anonymous than Lightning, and that the sender and receiver's wallets don't need to be online, to transact. Nutzaps now add the possibility of parking transactions one level farther out, on a relay. The same relays that cannot keep npub profiles and follow lists consistent will now do monetary transactions.

What we then have is * a transaction on a relay that triggers * a transaction on a mint that triggers * a transaction on Lightning that triggers * a transaction on Bitcoin.

Which means that every relay that stores the nuts is part of a wildcat banking system. Which is fine, but relay operators should consider whether they wish to carry the associated risks and liabilities. They should also be aware that they should implement the appropriate features in their relay, such as expiration tags (nuts rot after 2 weeks), and to make sure that only expired nuts are deleted.

There will be plenty of specialized relays for this, so don't feel pressured to join in, and research the topic carefully, for yourself.

https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/60.md https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/61.md

@ 9bde4214:06ca052b