@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Tutorial feito por nostr:nostr:npub1rc56x0ek0dd303eph523g3chm0wmrs5wdk6vs0ehd0m5fn8t7y4sqra3tk poste original abaixo:

Parte 1 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/263585/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-1

Parte 2 : http://xh6liiypqffzwnu5734ucwps37tn2g6npthvugz3gdoqpikujju525yd.onion/index.php/263586/tutorial-debloat-de-celulares-android-via-adb-parte-2

Quando o assunto é privacidade em celulares, uma das medidas comumente mencionadas é a remoção de bloatwares do dispositivo, também chamado de debloat. O meio mais eficiente para isso sem dúvidas é a troca de sistema operacional. Custom Rom’s como LineageOS, GrapheneOS, Iodé, CalyxOS, etc, já são bastante enxutos nesse quesito, principalmente quanto não é instalado os G-Apps com o sistema. No entanto, essa prática pode acabar resultando em problemas indesejados como a perca de funções do dispositivo, e até mesmo incompatibilidade com apps bancários, tornando este método mais atrativo para quem possui mais de um dispositivo e separando um apenas para privacidade.   Pensando nisso, pessoas que possuem apenas um único dispositivo móvel, que são necessitadas desses apps ou funções, mas, ao mesmo tempo, tem essa visão em prol da privacidade, buscam por um meio-termo entre manter a Stock rom, e não ter seus dados coletados por esses bloatwares. Felizmente, a remoção de bloatwares é possível e pode ser realizada via root, ou mais da maneira que este artigo irá tratar, via adb.

O que são bloatwares?

Bloatware é a junção das palavras bloat (inchar) + software (programa), ou seja, um bloatware é basicamente um programa inútil ou facilmente substituível — colocado em seu dispositivo previamente pela fabricante e operadora — que está no seu dispositivo apenas ocupando espaço de armazenamento, consumindo memória RAM e pior, coletando seus dados e enviando para servidores externos, além de serem mais pontos de vulnerabilidades.

O que é o adb?

O Android Debug Brigde, ou apenas adb, é uma ferramenta que se utiliza das permissões de usuário shell e permite o envio de comandos vindo de um computador para um dispositivo Android exigindo apenas que a depuração USB esteja ativa, mas também pode ser usada diretamente no celular a partir do Android 11, com o uso do Termux e a depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi). A ferramenta funciona normalmente em dispositivos sem root, e também funciona caso o celular esteja em Recovery Mode.

Requisitos:

Para computadores:

• Depuração USB ativa no celular; • Computador com adb; • Cabo USB;

Para celulares:

• Depuração sem fio (ou depuração wifi) ativa no celular; • Termux; • Android 11 ou superior;

Para ambos:

• Firewall NetGuard instalado e configurado no celular; • Lista de bloatwares para seu dispositivo;

Ativação de depuração:

Para ativar a Depuração USB em seu dispositivo, pesquise como ativar as opções de desenvolvedor de seu dispositivo, e lá ative a depuração. No caso da depuração sem fio, sua ativação irá ser necessária apenas no momento que for conectar o dispositivo ao Termux.

Instalação e configuração do NetGuard

O NetGuard pode ser instalado através da própria Google Play Store, mas de preferência instale pela F-Droid ou Github para evitar telemetria.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/packages/eu.faircode.netguard/

Github: https://github.com/M66B/NetGuard/releases

Após instalado, configure da seguinte maneira:

Configurações → padrões (lista branca/negra) → ative as 3 primeiras opções (bloquear wifi, bloquear dados móveis e aplicar regras ‘quando tela estiver ligada’);

Configurações → opções avançadas → ative as duas primeiras (administrar aplicativos do sistema e registrar acesso a internet);

Com isso, todos os apps estarão sendo bloqueados de acessar a internet, seja por wifi ou dados móveis, e na página principal do app basta permitir o acesso a rede para os apps que você vai usar (se necessário). Permita que o app rode em segundo plano sem restrição da otimização de bateria, assim quando o celular ligar, ele já estará ativo.

Lista de bloatwares

Nem todos os bloatwares são genéricos, haverá bloatwares diferentes conforme a marca, modelo, versão do Android, e até mesmo região.

Para obter uma lista de bloatwares de seu dispositivo, caso seu aparelho já possua um tempo de existência, você encontrará listas prontas facilmente apenas pesquisando por elas. Supondo que temos um Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus em mãos, basta pesquisar em seu motor de busca por:

Samsung Galaxy Note 10 Plus bloatware list

Provavelmente essas listas já terão inclusas todos os bloatwares das mais diversas regiões, lhe poupando o trabalho de buscar por alguma lista mais específica.

Caso seu aparelho seja muito recente, e/ou não encontre uma lista pronta de bloatwares, devo dizer que você acaba de pegar em merda, pois é chato para um caralho pesquisar por cada aplicação para saber sua função, se é essencial para o sistema ou se é facilmente substituível.

De antemão já aviso, que mais para frente, caso vossa gostosura remova um desses aplicativos que era essencial para o sistema sem saber, vai acabar resultando na perda de alguma função importante, ou pior, ao reiniciar o aparelho o sistema pode estar quebrado, lhe obrigando a seguir com uma formatação, e repetir todo o processo novamente.

Download do adb em computadores

Para usar a ferramenta do adb em computadores, basta baixar o pacote chamado SDK platform-tools, disponível através deste link: https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools. Por ele, você consegue o download para Windows, Mac e Linux.

Uma vez baixado, basta extrair o arquivo zipado, contendo dentro dele uma pasta chamada platform-tools que basta ser aberta no terminal para se usar o adb.

Download do adb em celulares com Termux.

Para usar a ferramenta do adb diretamente no celular, antes temos que baixar o app Termux, que é um emulador de terminal linux, e já possui o adb em seu repositório. Você encontra o app na Google Play Store, mas novamente recomendo baixar pela F-Droid ou diretamente no Github do projeto.

F-Droid: https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.termux/

Github: https://github.com/termux/termux-app/releases

Processo de debloat

Antes de iniciarmos, é importante deixar claro que não é para você sair removendo todos os bloatwares de cara sem mais nem menos, afinal alguns deles precisam antes ser substituídos, podem ser essenciais para você para alguma atividade ou função, ou até mesmo são insubstituíveis.

Alguns exemplos de bloatwares que a substituição é necessária antes da remoção, é o Launcher, afinal, é a interface gráfica do sistema, e o teclado, que sem ele só é possível digitar com teclado externo. O Launcher e teclado podem ser substituídos por quaisquer outros, minha recomendação pessoal é por aqueles que respeitam sua privacidade, como Pie Launcher e Simple Laucher, enquanto o teclado pelo OpenBoard e FlorisBoard, todos open-source e disponíveis da F-Droid.

Identifique entre a lista de bloatwares, quais você gosta, precisa ou prefere não substituir, de maneira alguma você é obrigado a remover todos os bloatwares possíveis, modifique seu sistema a seu bel-prazer. O NetGuard lista todos os apps do celular com o nome do pacote, com isso você pode filtrar bem qual deles não remover.

Um exemplo claro de bloatware insubstituível e, portanto, não pode ser removido, é o com.android.mtp, um protocolo onde sua função é auxiliar a comunicação do dispositivo com um computador via USB, mas por algum motivo, tem acesso a rede e se comunica frequentemente com servidores externos. Para esses casos, e melhor solução mesmo é bloquear o acesso a rede desses bloatwares com o NetGuard.

MTP tentando comunicação com servidores externos:

Executando o adb shell

No computador

Faça backup de todos os seus arquivos importantes para algum armazenamento externo, e formate seu celular com o hard reset. Após a formatação, e a ativação da depuração USB, conecte seu aparelho e o pc com o auxílio de um cabo USB. Muito provavelmente seu dispositivo irá apenas começar a carregar, por isso permita a transferência de dados, para que o computador consiga se comunicar normalmente com o celular.

Já no pc, abra a pasta platform-tools dentro do terminal, e execute o seguinte comando:

./adb start-server

O resultado deve ser:

daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037 daemon started successfully

E caso não apareça nada, execute:

./adb kill-server

E inicie novamente.

Com o adb conectado ao celular, execute:

./adb shell

Para poder executar comandos diretamente para o dispositivo. No meu caso, meu celular é um Redmi Note 8 Pro, codinome Begonia.

Logo o resultado deve ser:

begonia:/ $

Caso ocorra algum erro do tipo:

adb: device unauthorized. This adb server’s $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS is not set Try ‘adb kill-server’ if that seems wrong. Otherwise check for a confirmation dialog on your device.

Verifique no celular se apareceu alguma confirmação para autorizar a depuração USB, caso sim, autorize e tente novamente. Caso não apareça nada, execute o kill-server e repita o processo.

No celular

Após realizar o mesmo processo de backup e hard reset citado anteriormente, instale o Termux e, com ele iniciado, execute o comando:

pkg install android-tools

Quando surgir a mensagem “Do you want to continue? [Y/n]”, basta dar enter novamente que já aceita e finaliza a instalação

Agora, vá até as opções de desenvolvedor, e ative a depuração sem fio. Dentro das opções da depuração sem fio, terá uma opção de emparelhamento do dispositivo com um código, que irá informar para você um código em emparelhamento, com um endereço IP e porta, que será usado para a conexão com o Termux.

Para facilitar o processo, recomendo que abra tanto as configurações quanto o Termux ao mesmo tempo, e divida a tela com os dois app’s, como da maneira a seguir:

Para parear o Termux com o dispositivo, não é necessário digitar o ip informado, basta trocar por “localhost”, já a porta e o código de emparelhamento, deve ser digitado exatamente como informado. Execute:

adb pair localhost:porta CódigoDeEmparelhamento

De acordo com a imagem mostrada anteriormente, o comando ficaria “adb pair localhost:41255 757495”.

Com o dispositivo emparelhado com o Termux, agora basta conectar para conseguir executar os comandos, para isso execute:

adb connect localhost:porta

Obs: a porta que você deve informar neste comando não é a mesma informada com o código de emparelhamento, e sim a informada na tela principal da depuração sem fio.

Pronto! Termux e adb conectado com sucesso ao dispositivo, agora basta executar normalmente o adb shell:

adb shell

Remoção na prática Com o adb shell executado, você está pronto para remover os bloatwares. No meu caso, irei mostrar apenas a remoção de um app (Google Maps), já que o comando é o mesmo para qualquer outro, mudando apenas o nome do pacote.

Dentro do NetGuard, verificando as informações do Google Maps:

Podemos ver que mesmo fora de uso, e com a localização do dispositivo desativado, o app está tentando loucamente se comunicar com servidores externos, e informar sabe-se lá que peste. Mas sem novidades até aqui, o mais importante é que podemos ver que o nome do pacote do Google Maps é com.google.android.apps.maps, e para o remover do celular, basta executar:

pm uninstall –user 0 com.google.android.apps.maps

E pronto, bloatware removido! Agora basta repetir o processo para o resto dos bloatwares, trocando apenas o nome do pacote.

Para acelerar o processo, você pode já criar uma lista do bloco de notas com os comandos, e quando colar no terminal, irá executar um atrás do outro.

Exemplo de lista:

Caso a donzela tenha removido alguma coisa sem querer, também é possível recuperar o pacote com o comando:

cmd package install-existing nome.do.pacote

Pós-debloat

Após limpar o máximo possível o seu sistema, reinicie o aparelho, caso entre no como recovery e não seja possível dar reboot, significa que você removeu algum app “essencial” para o sistema, e terá que formatar o aparelho e repetir toda a remoção novamente, desta vez removendo poucos bloatwares de uma vez, e reiniciando o aparelho até descobrir qual deles não pode ser removido. Sim, dá trabalho… quem mandou querer privacidade?

Caso o aparelho reinicie normalmente após a remoção, parabéns, agora basta usar seu celular como bem entender! Mantenha o NetGuard sempre executando e os bloatwares que não foram possíveis remover não irão se comunicar com servidores externos, passe a usar apps open source da F-Droid e instale outros apps através da Aurora Store ao invés da Google Play Store.

Referências: Caso você seja um Australopithecus e tenha achado este guia difícil, eis uma videoaula (3:14:40) do Anderson do canal Ciberdef, realizando todo o processo: http://odysee.com/@zai:5/Como-remover-at%C3%A9-200-APLICATIVOS-que-colocam-a-sua-PRIVACIDADE-E-SEGURAN%C3%87A-em-risco.:4?lid=6d50f40314eee7e2f218536d9e5d300290931d23

Pdf’s do Anderson citados na videoaula: créditos ao anon6837264 http://eternalcbrzpicytj4zyguygpmkjlkddxob7tptlr25cdipe5svyqoqd.onion/file/3863a834d29285d397b73a4af6fb1bbe67c888d72d30/t-05e63192d02ffd.pdf

Processo de instalação do Termux e adb no celular: https://youtu.be/APolZrPHSms

@ d08c9312:73efcc9f

https://youtu.be/qK7ffYzxiiQ

Resolvr was recently featured in The Institutes RiskStream Collaborative's educational video series on insurance digitization and cross-border payments. With over a century of history educating insurance professionals, The Institutes has established itself as the premier knowledge resource in risk management and insurance. And its RiskStream Collaborative non-profit serves as the industry's largest enterprise-level technology consortium focused on streamlining insurance processes through innovative solutions.

Resolvr's co-founders, Aaron Daniel and Dave Schwab, were joined by industry experts Lizzy Eisenberg from Lightspark and Austin Cornell from Zero Hash to discuss how Bitcoin and the Lightning Network are transforming global insurance payments operations.

Watch the video to learn how Resolvr is leveraging these real-time digital settlement networks to solve significant inefficiencies in today's insurance payment ecosystem - from the months-long settlement times that trap billions in value, to the manual reconciliation processes costing the industry nearly £1 billion annually at Lloyd's of London alone.

We're grateful to RiskStream Collaborative for showcasing these transformative technologies and emphasizing the importance of combining specialized insurance-native interfaces with powerful payment infrastructure to solve industry-specific challenges.

For more information about how Resolvr can help your organization streamline premium processing and payments, contact us today.

@ 1bc70a01:24f6a411

I've been meaning to dogfood my own vibe project for a while so this feels like a good opportunity to use Untype to publish this update and reflect on my vibe coding journey.

New Untype Update

As I write this, I found it a bit annoying dealing with one of the latest features, so I'll need to make some changes right after I'm done. Nonetheless, here are some exciting developments in the Untype article composer:

1. Added inline AI helper! Now you can highlight text and perform all sorts of things like fix grammar, re-write in different styles, and all sorts of other things. This is a bit annoying at the moment because it takes over the other editing functions and I need to fix the UX.

2. Added pushing articles to DMs! This option, when enabled, will send the article to all the subscribers via a NIP-44 DM. (No client has implemented the subscription method yet so technically it won’t work, until one does. I may add this to nrss.app) Also, I have not tested this so it could be broken… will test eventually!

3. Added word counts
4. Added ability to export as markdown, export as PDF, print.

The biggest flaw I have already discovered is how "I" implemented the highlight functionality. Right now when you highlight some text it automatically pops up the AI helper menu and this makes for an annoying time trying to make any changes to text. I wanted to change this to show a floating clickable icon instead, but for some reason the bot is having a difficult time updating the code to this desired UX.

Speaking of difficult times, it's probably a good idea to reflect a bit upon my vibe coding journey.

Vibe Coding Nostr Projects

First, I think it's important to add some context around my recent batch of nostr vibe projects. I am working on them mostly at night and occasionally on weekends in between park runs with kids, grocery shopping and just bumming around the house. People who see buggy code or less than desired UX should understand that I am not spending days coding this stuff. Some apps are literally as simple as typing one prompt!

That said, its pretty clear by now that one prompt cannot produce a highly polished product. This is why I decided to limit my number of project to a handful that I really wish existed, and slowly update them over time - fixing bugs, adding new features in hopes of making them the best tools - not only on nostr but the internet in general. As you can imagine this is not a small task, especially for sporadic vibe coding.

Fighting the bot

One of my biggest challenges so far besides having very limited time is getting the bot to do what I want it to do. I guess if you've done any vibe coding at all you're probably familiar with what I'm trying to say. You prompt one thing and get a hallucinated response, or worse, a complete mess out the other end that undoes most of the progress you've made. Once the initial thing is created, which barely took any time, now you're faced with making it work a certain way. This is where the challenges arise.

Here's a brief list of issues I've faced when vibe-coding with various tools:

1. Runaway expenses - tools like Cline tend to do a better job directly in VSCode, but they can also add up dramatically. Before leaning into v0 (which is where I do most of my vibe coding now), I would often melt through $10 credit purchases faster than I could get a decent feature out. It was not uncommon for me to spend $20-30 on a weekend just trying to debug a handful of issues. Naturally, I did not wish to pay these fees so I searched for alternatives.

2. File duplication - occasionally, seemingly out of nowhere, the bot will duplicate files by creating an entire new copy and attached "-fixed" to the file name. Clearly, I'm not asking for duplicate files, I just want it to fix the existing file, but it does happen and it's super annoying. Then you are left telling it which version to keep and which one to delete, and sometimes you have to be very precise or it'll delete the wrong thing and you have to roll back to a previous working version.

3. Code duplication - similar to file duplication, occasionally the bot will duplicate code and do things in the most unintuitive way imaginable. This often results in loops and crashes that can take many refreshes just to revert back to a working state, and many more prompts to avoid the duplication entirely - something a seasoned dev never has to deal with (or so I imagine).

4. Misinterpreting your request - occasionally the bot will do something you didn't ask for because it took your request quite literally. This tends to happen when I give it very specific prompts that are targeted at fixing one very specific thing. I've noticed the bots tend to do better with vague asks - hence a pretty good result on the initial prompt.

5. Doing things inefficiently, without considering smarter approaches - this one is the most painful of vibe coding issues. As a person who may not be familiar with some of the smarter ways of handling development, you rely on the bot to do the right thing. But, when the bot does something horribly inefficiently and you are non-the-wiser, it can be tough to diagnose the issue. I often fight myself asking the bot "is this really the best way to handle things? Can't we ... / shouldn't we .../ isn't this supposed to..." etc. I guess one of the nice side effects of this annoyance is being able to prompt better. I learn that I should ask the bot to reflect on its own code more often and seek ways to do things more simply.

A combination of the above, or total chaos - this is a category where all hell breaks loose and you're trying to put out one fire after another. Fix one bug, only to see 10 more pop up. Fix those, to see 10 more and so on. I guess this may sound like typical development, but the bot amplifies issues by acting totally irrationally. This is typically when I will revert to a previous save point and just undo everything, often losing a lot of progress.

Lessons Learned

If I had to give my earlier self some tips on how to be a smarter vibe coder, here's how I'd summarize them:

1. Fork often - in v0 I now fork for any new major feature I'd like to add (such as the AI assistant).

2. Use targeting tools - in v0 you can select elements and describe how you wish to edit them.

3. Refactor often - keeping the code more manageable speeds up the process. Since the bot will go through the entire file, even if it only makes one small change, it's best to keep the files small and refactoring achieves that.

I guess the biggest lesson someone might point out is just to stop vibe coding. It may be easier to learn proper development and do things right. For me it has been a spare time hobby (one that I will admit is taking more of my extra time than I'd like). I don't really have the time to learn proper development. I feel like I've learned a lot just bossing the bot around and have learned a bunch of things in the process. That's not to say that I never will, but for the moment being my heart is still mostly in design. I haven't shared much of anything I have designed recently - mostly so I can remain speaking more freely without it rubbing off on my work.

I'll go ahead and try to publish this to see if it actually works 😂. Here goes nothing... (oh, I guess I could use the latest feature to export as markdown so I don't lose any progress! Yay!

@ deab79da:88579e68

The last question was asked for the first time, half in jest, on May 21, 2061, at a time when humanity first stepped into the light. The question came about as a result of a five-dollar bet over highballs, and it happened this way:

Alexander Adell and Bertram Lupov were two of the faithful attendants of Multivac. As well as any human beings could, they knew what lay behind the cold, clicking, flashing face -- miles and miles of face -- of that giant computer. They had at least a vague notion of the general plan of relays and circuits that had long since grown past the point where any single human could possibly have a firm grasp of the whole.

Multivac was self-adjusting and self-correcting. It had to be, for nothing human could adjust and correct it quickly enough or even adequately enough. So Adell and Lupov attended the monstrous giant only lightly and superficially, yet as well as any men could. They fed it data, adjusted questions to its needs and translated the answers that were issued. Certainly they, and all others like them, were fully entitled to share in the glory that was Multivac's.

For decades, Multivac had helped design the ships and plot the trajectories that enabled man to reach the Moon, Mars, and Venus, but past that, Earth's poor resources could not support the ships. Too much energy was needed for the long trips. Earth exploited its coal and uranium with increasing efficiency, but there was only so much of both.

But slowly Multivac learned enough to answer deeper questions more fundamentally, and on May 14, 2061, what had been theory, became fact.

The energy of the sun was stored, converted, and utilized directly on a planet-wide scale. All Earth turned off its burning coal, its fissioning uranium, and flipped the switch that connected all of it to a small station, one mile in diameter, circling the Earth at half the distance of the Moon. All Earth ran by invisible beams of sunpower.

Seven days had not sufficed to dim the glory of it and Adell and Lupov finally managed to escape from the public functions, and to meet in quiet where no one would think of looking for them, in the deserted underground chambers, where portions of the mighty buried body of Multivac showed. Unattended, idling, sorting data with contented lazy clickings, Multivac, too, had earned its vacation and the boys appreciated that. They had no intention, originally, of disturbing it.

They had brought a bottle with them, and their only concern at the moment was to relax in the company of each other and the bottle.

"It's amazing when you think of it," said Adell. His broad face had lines of weariness in it, and he stirred his drink slowly with a glass rod, watching the cubes of ice slur clumsily about. "All the energy we can possibly ever use for free. Enough energy, if we wanted to draw on it, to melt all Earth into a big drop of impure liquid iron, and still never miss the energy so used. All the energy we could ever use, forever and forever and forever."

Lupov cocked his head sideways. He had a trick of doing that when he wanted to be contrary, and he wanted to be contrary now, partly because he had had to carry the ice and glassware. "Not forever," he said.

"Oh, hell, just about forever. Till the sun runs down, Bert."

"That's not forever."

"All right, then. Billions and billions of years. Ten billion, maybe. Are you satisfied?"

Lupov put his fingers through his thinning hair as though to reassure himself that some was still left and sipped gently at his own drink. "Ten billion years isn't forever."

"Well, it will last our time, won't it?"

"So would the coal and uranium."

"All right, but now we can hook up each individual spaceship to the Solar Station, and it can go to Pluto and back a million times without ever worrying about fuel. You can't do that on coal and uranium. Ask Multivac, if you don't believe me.

"I don't have to ask Multivac. I know that."

"Then stop running down what Multivac's done for us," said Adell, blazing up, "It did all right."

"Who says it didn't? What I say is that a sun won't last forever. That's all I'm saying. We're safe for ten billion years, but then what?" Lupow pointed a slightly shaky finger at the other. "And don't say we'll switch to another sun."

There was silence for a while. Adell put his glass to his lips only occasionally, and Lupov's eyes slowly closed. They rested.

Then Lupov's eyes snapped open. "You're thinking we'll switch to another sun when ours is done, aren't you?"

"I'm not thinking."

"Sure you are. You're weak on logic, that's the trouble with you. You're like the guy in the story who was caught in a sudden shower and who ran to a grove of trees and got under one. He wasn't worried, you see, because he figured when one tree got wet through, he would just get under another one."

"I get it," said Adell. "Don't shout. When the sun is done, the other stars will be gone, too."

"Darn right they will," muttered Lupov. "It all had a beginning in the original cosmic explosion, whatever that was, and it'll all have an end when all the stars run down. Some run down faster than others. Hell, the giants won't last a hundred million years. The sun will last ten billion years and maybe the dwarfs will last two hundred billion for all the good they are. But just give us a trillion years and everything will be dark. Entropy has to increase to maximum, that's all."

"I know all about entropy," said Adell, standing on his dignity.

"The hell you do."

"I know as much as you do."

"Then you know everything's got to run down someday."

"All right. Who says they won't?"

"You did, you poor sap. You said we had all the energy we needed, forever. You said 'forever.'

It was Adell's turn to be contrary. "Maybe we can build things up again someday," he said.

"Never."

"Why not? Someday."

"Never."

"Ask Multivac."

"You ask Multivac. I dare you. Five dollars says it can't be done."

Adell was just drunk enough to try, just sober enough to be able to phrase the necessary symbols and operations into a question which, in words, might have corresponded to this: Will mankind one day without the net expenditure of energy be able to restore the sun to its full youthfulness even after it had died of old age?

Or maybe it could be put more simply like this: How can the net amount of entropy of the universe be massively decreased?

Multivac fell dead and silent. The slow flashing of lights ceased, the distant sounds of clicking relays ended.

Then, just as the frightened technicians felt they could hold their breath no longer, there was a sudden springing to life of the teletype attached to that portion of Multivac. Five words were printed: INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

"No bet," whispered Lupov. They left hurriedly.

By next morning, the two, plagued with throbbing head and cottony mouth, had forgotten the incident.

🔹

Jerrodd, Jerrodine, and Jerrodette I and II watched the starry picture in the visiplate change as the passage through hyperspace was completed in its non-time lapse. At once, the even powdering of stars gave way to the predominance of a single bright shining disk, the size of a marble, centered on the viewing-screen.

"That's X-23," said Jerrodd confidently. His thin hands clamped tightly behind his back and the knuckles whitened.

The little Jerrodettes, both girls, had experienced the hyperspace passage for the first time in their lives and were self-conscious over the momentary sensation of insideoutness. They buried their giggles and chased one another wildly about their mother, screaming, "We've reached X-23 -- we've reached X-23 -- we've --"

"Quiet, children." said Jerrodine sharply. "Are you sure, Jerrodd?"

"What is there to be but sure?" asked Jerrodd, glancing up at the bulge of featureless metal just under the ceiling. It ran the length of the room, disappearing through the wall at either end. It was as long as the ship.

Jerrodd scarcely knew a thing about the thick rod of metal except that it was called a Microvac, that one asked it questions if one wished; that if one did not it still had its task of guiding the ship to a preordered destination; of feeding on energies from the various Sub-galactic Power Stations; of computing the equations for the hyperspatial jumps.

Jerrodd and his family had only to wait and live in the comfortable residence quarters of the ship. Someone had once told Jerrodd that the "ac" at the end of "Microvac" stood for ''automatic computer" in ancient English, but he was on the edge of forgetting even that.

Jerrodine's eyes were moist as she watched the visiplate. "I can't help it. I feel funny about leaving Earth."

"Why, for Pete's sake?" demanded Jerrodd. "We had nothing there. We'll have everything on X-23. You won't be alone. You won't be a pioneer. There are over a million people on the planet already. Good Lord, our great-grandchildren will be looking for new worlds because X-23 will be overcrowded." Then, after a reflective pause, "I tell you, it's a lucky thing the computers worked out interstellar travel the way the race is growing."

"I know, I know," said Jerrodine miserably.

Jerrodette I said promptly, "Our Microvac is the best Microvac in the world."

"I think so, too," said Jerrodd, tousling her hair.

It was a nice feeling to have a Microvac of your own and Jerrodd was glad he was part of his generation and no other. In his father's youth, the only computers had been tremendous machines taking up a hundred square miles of land. There was only one to a planet. Planetary ACs they were called. They had been growing in size steadily for a thousand years and then, all at once, came refinement. In place of transistors, had come molecular valves so that even the largest Planetary AC could be put into a space only half the volume of a spaceship.

Jerrodd felt uplifted, as he always did when he thought that his own personal Microvac was many times more complicated than the ancient and primitive Multivac that had first tamed the Sun, and almost as complicated as Earth's Planetarv AC (the largest) that had first solved the problem of hyperspatial travel and had made trips to the stars possible.

"So many stars, so many planets," sighed Jerrodine, busy with her own thoughts. "I suppose families will be going out to new planets forever, the way we are now."

"Not forever," said Jerrodd, with a smile. "It will all stop someday, but not for billions of years. Many billions. Even the stars run down, you know. Entropy must increase.

"What's entropy, daddy?" shrilled Jerrodette II.

"Entropy, little sweet, is just a word which means the amount of running-down of the universe. Everything runs down, you know, like your little walkie-talkie robot, remember?"

"Can't you just put in a new power-unit, like with my robot?"

"The stars are the power-units. dear. Once they're gone, there are no more power-units."

Jerrodette I at once set up a howl. "Don't let them, daddy. Don't let the stars run down."

"Now look what you've done," whispered Jerrodine, exasperated.

"How was I to know it would frighten them?" Jerrodd whispered back,

"Ask the Microvac," wailed Jerrodette I. "Ask him how to turn the stars on again."

"Go ahead," said Jerrodine. "It will quiet them down." (Jerrodette II was beginning to cry, also.)

Jerrodd shrugged. "Now, now, honeys. I'll ask Microvac. Don't worry, he'll tell us."

He asked the Microvac, adding quickly, "Print the answer."

Jerrodd cupped the strip or thin cellufilm and said cheerfully, "See now, the Microvac says it will take care of everything when the time comes so don't worry."

Jerrodine said, "And now, children, it's time for bed. We'll be in our new home soon."

Jerrodd read the words on the cellufilm again before destroying it: INSUFICIENT DATA FOR MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

He shrugged and looked at the visiplate. X-23 was just ahead.

🔹

VJ-23X of Lameth stared into the black depths of the three-dimensional, small-scale map of the Galaxy and said, "Are we ridiculous, I wonder in being so concerned about the matter?"

MQ-17J of Nicron shook his head. "I think not. You know the Galaxy will be filled in five years at the present rate of expansion."

Both seemed in their early twenties, both were tall and perfectly formed.

"Still," said VJ-23X, "I hesitate to submit a pessimistic report to the Galactic Council."

"I wouldn't consider any other kind of report. Stir them up a bit. We've got to stir them up."

VJ-23X sighed. "Space is infinite. A hundred billion Galaxies are there for the taking. More."

"A hundred billion is not infinite and it's getting less infinite all the time. Consider! Twenty thousand years ago, mankind first solved the problem of utilizing stellar energy, and a few centuries later, interstellar travel became possible. It took mankind a million years to fill one small world and then only fifteen thousand years to fill the rest of the Galaxy. Now the population doubles every ten years --

VJ-23X interrupted. "We can thank immortality for that."

"Very well. Immortality exists and we have to take it into account. I admit it has its seamy side, this immortality. The Galactic AC has solved many problems for us, but in solving the problem of preventing old age and death, it has undone all its other solutions."

"Yet you wouldn't want to abandon life, I suppose."

"Not at all," snapped MQ-17J, softening it at once to, "Not yet. I'm by no means old enough. How old are you?"

"Two hundred twenty-three. And you?"

"I'm still under two hundred. --But to get back to my point. Population doubles every ten years. Once this GaIaxy is filled, we'll have filled another in ten years. Another ten years and we'll have filled two more. Another decade, four more. In a hundred years, we'll have filled a thousand Galaxies. In a thousand years, a million Galaxies. In ten thousand years, the entire known universe. Then what?"

VJ-23X said, "As a side issue, there's a problem of transportation. I wonder how many sunpower units it will take to move Galaxies of individuals from one Galaxy to the next."

"A very good point. Already, mankind consumes two sunpower units per year."

"Most of it's wasted. After all, our own Galaxy alone pours out a thousand sunpower units a year and we only use two of those."

"Granted, but even with a hundred per cent efficiency, we only stave off the end. Our energy requirements are going up in a geometric progression even faster than our population. We'll run out of energy even sooner than we run out of Galaxies. A good point. A very good point."

"We'll just have to build new stars out of interstellar gas."

"Or out of dissipated heat?" asked MQ-17J, sarcastically.

"There may be some way to reverse entropy. We ought to ask the Galactic AC."

VJ-23X was not really serious, but MQ-17J pulled out his AC-contact from his pocket and placed it on the table before him.

"I've half a mind to," he said. "It's something the human race will have to face someday."

He stared somberly at his small AC-contact. It was only two inches cubed and nothing in itself, but it was connected through hyperspace with the great Galactic AC that served all mankind. Hyperspace considered, it was an integral part of the Galactic AC.

MQ-17J paused to wonder if someday in his immortal life he would get to see the Galactic AC. It was on a little world of its own, a spider webbing of force-beams holding the matter within which surges of submesons took the place of the old clumsy molecular valves. Yet despite its sub-etheric workings, the Galactic AC was known to be a full thousand feet across.

MQ-17J asked suddenly of his AC-contact, "Can entropy ever be reversed?"

VJ-23X looked startled and said at once, "Oh, say, I didn't really mean to have you ask that."

"Why not?"

"We both know entropy can't be reversed. You can't turn smoke and ash back into a tree."

"Do you have trees on your world?" asked MQ-17J.

The sound of the Galactic AC startled them into silence. Its voice came thin and beautiful out of the small AC-contact on the desk. It said: THERE IS INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER.

VJ-23X said, "See!"

The two men thereupon returned to the question of the report they were to make to the Galactic Council.

🔹

Zee Prime's mind spanned the new Galaxy with a faint interest in the countless twists of stars that powdered it. He had never seen this one before. Would he ever see them all? So many of them, each with its load of humanity. --But a load that was almost a dead weight. More and more, the real essence of men was to be found out here, in space.

Minds, not bodies! The immortal bodies remained back on the planets, in suspension over the eons. Sometimes they roused for material activity but that was growing rarer. Few new individuals were coming into existence to join the incredibly mighty throng, but what matter? There was little room in the Universe for new individuals.

Zee Prime was roused out of his reverie upon coming across the wispy tendrils of another mind.

"I am Zee Prime," said Zee Prime. "And you?"

"I am Dee Sub Wun. Your Galaxy?"

"We call it only the Galaxy. And you?"

"We call ours the same. All men call their Galaxy their Galaxy and nothing more. Why not?"

"True. Since all Galaxies are the same."

"Not all Galaxies. On one particular Galaxy the race of man must have originated. That makes it different."

Zee Prime said, "On which one?"

"I cannot say. The Universal AC would know."

"Shall we ask him? I am suddenly curious."

Zee Prime's perceptions broadened until the Galaxies themselves shrank and became a new, more diffuse powdering on a much larger background. So many hundreds of billions of them, all with their immortal beings, all carrying their load of intelligences with minds that drifted freely through space. And yet one of them was unique among them all in being the original Galaxy. One of them had, in its vague and distant past, a period when it was the only Galaxy populated by man.

Zee Prime was consumed with curiosity to see this Galaxy and he called out: "Universal AC! On which Galaxy did mankind originate?"

The Universal AC heard, for on every world and throughout space, it had its receptors ready, and each receptor led through hyperspace to some unknown point where the Universal AC kept itself aloof.

Zee Prime knew of only one man whose thoughts had penetrated within sensing distance of Universal AC, and he reported only a shining globe, two feet across, difficult to see.

"But how can that be all of Universal AC?" Zee Prime had asked.

"Most of it," had been the answer, "is in hyperspace. In what form it is there I cannot imagine."

Nor could anyone, for the day had long since passed, Zee Prime knew, when any man had any part of the making of a Universal AC. Each Universal AC designed and constructed its successor. Each, during its existence of a million years or more accumulated the necessary data to build a better and more intricate, more capable successor in which its own store of data and individuality would be submerged.

The Universal AC interrupted Zee Prime's wandering thoughts, not with words, but with guidance. Zee Prime's mentality was guided into the dim sea of Galaxies and one in particular enlarged into stars.

A thought came, infinitely distant, but infinitely clear. "THIS IS THE ORIGINAL GALAXY OF MAN."

But it was the same after all, the same as any other, and Lee Prime stifled his disappointment.

Dee Sub Wun, whose mind had accompanied the other, said suddenly, "And is one of these stars the original star of Man?"

The Universal AC said, "MAN'S ORIGINAL STAR HAS GONE NOVA. IT IS A WHITE DWARF"

"Did the men upon it die?" asked Lee Prime, startled and without thinking.

The Universal AC said, "A NEW WORLD, AS IN SUCH CASES WAS CONSTRUCTED FOR THEIR PHYSICAL BODIES IN TlME."

"Yes, of course," said Zee Prime, but a sense of loss overwhelmed him even so. His mind released its hold on the original Galaxy of Man, let it spring back and lose itself among the blurred pin points. He never wanted to see it again.

Dee Sub Wun said, "What is wrong?"

"The stars are dying. The original star is dead."

"They must all die. Why not?"

"But when all energy is gone, our bodies will finally die, and you and I with them."

"It will take billions of years."

"I do not wish it to happen even after billions of years. Universal AC! How may stars be kept from dying?"

Dee Sub Wun said in amusement, "You're asking how entropy might be reversed in direction."

And the Universal AC answered: "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Zee Prime's thoughts fled back to his own Galaxy. He gave no further thought to Dee Sub Wun, whose body might be waiting on a Galaxy a trillion light-years away, or on the star next to Zee Prime's own. It didn't matter.

Unhappily, Zee Prime began collecting interstellar hydrogen out of which to build a small star of his own. If the stars must someday die, at least some could yet be built.

🔹

Man considered with himself, for in a way, Man, mentally, was one. He consisted of a trillion, trillion, trillion ageless bodies, each in its place, each resting quiet and incorruptible, each cared for by perfect automatons, equally incorruptible, while the minds of all the bodies freely melted one into the other, indistinguishable.

Man said, "The Universe is dying."

Man looked about at the dimming Galaxies. The giant stars, spendthrifts, were gone long ago, back in the dimmest of the dim far past. Almost all stars were white dwarfs, fading to the end.

New stars had been built of the dust between the stars, some by natural processes, some by Man himself, and those were going, too. White dwarfs might yet be crashed together and of the mighty forces so released, new stars built, but only one star for every thousand white dwarfs destroyed, and those would come to an end, too.

Man said, "Carefully husbanded, as directed by the Cosmic AC, the energy that is even yet left in all the Universe will last for billions of years."

"But even so," said Man, "eventually it will all come to an end. However it may be husbanded, however stretched out, the energy once expended is gone and cannot be restored. Entropy must increase forever to the maximum."

Man said, "Can entropy not be reversed? Let us ask the Cosmic AC."

The Cosmic AC surrounded them but not in space. Not a fragment of it was in space. It was in hyperspace and made of something that was neither matter nor energy. The question of its size and nature no longer had meaning in any terms that Man could comprehend.

"Cosmic AC," said Man, "how may entropy be reversed?"

The Cosmic AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Man said, "Collect additional data."

The Cosmic AC said, 'I WILL DO SO. I HAVE BEEN DOING SO FOR A HUNDRED BILLION YEARS. MY PREDECESORS AND I HAVE BEEN ASKED THIS QUESTION MANY TIMES. ALL THE DATA I HAVE REMAINS INSUFFICIENT.

"Will there come a time," said Man, "when data will be sufficient or is the problem insoluble in all conceivable circumstances?"

The Cosmic AC said, "NO PROBLEM IS INSOLUBLE IN ALL CONCEIVABLE CIRCUMSTANCES."

Man said, "When will you have enough data to answer the question?"

The Cosmic AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

"Will you keep working on it?" asked Man.

The Cosmic AC said, "I WILL."

Man said, "We shall wait."

🔹

The stars and Galaxies died and snuffed out, and space grew black after ten trillion years of running down.

One by one Man fused with AC, each physical body losing its mental identity in a manner that was somehow not a loss but a gain.

Man's last mind paused before fusion, looking over a space that included nothing but the dregs of one last dark star and nothing besides but incredibly thin matter, agitated randomly by the tag ends of heat wearing out, asymptotically, to the absolute zero.

Man said, "AC, is this the end? Can this chaos not be reversed into the Universe once more? Can that not be done?"

AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER."

Man's last mind fused and only AC existed -- and that in hyperspace.

🔹

Matter and energy had ended and with it space and time. Even AC existed only for the sake of the one last question that it had never answered from the time a half-drunken computer [technician] ten trillion years before had asked the question of a computer that was to AC far less than was a man to Man.

All other questions had been answered, and until this last question was answered also, AC might not release his consciousness.

All collected data had come to a final end. Nothing was left to be collected.

But all collected data had yet to be completely correlated and put together in all possible relationships.

A timeless interval was spent in doing that.

And it came to pass that AC learned how to reverse the direction of entropy.

But there was now no man to whom AC might give the answer of the last question. No matter. The answer -- by demonstration -- would take care of that, too.

For another timeless interval, AC thought how best to do this. Carefully, AC organized the program.

The consciousness of AC encompassed all of what had once been a Universe and brooded over what was now Chaos. Step by step, it must be done.

And AC said, "LET THERE BE LIGHT!"

And there was light -- To Star's End!

@ b17fccdf:b7211155

Si vives en España, quizás hayas notado que no puedes acceder a ciertas páginas webs durante los fines de semana o en algunos días entre semana, entre ellas, la guía de MiniBolt.

Esto tiene una razón, por supuesto una solución, además de una conclusión. Sin entrar en demasiados detalles:

La razón

El bloqueo a Cloudflare, implementado desde hace casi dos meses por operadores de Internet (ISPs) en España (como Movistar, O2, DIGI, Pepephone, entre otros), se basa en una orden judicial emitida tras una demanda de LALIGA (Fútbol). Esta medida busca combatir la piratería en España, un problema que afecta directamente a dicha organización.

Aunque la intención original era restringir el acceso a dominios específicos que difundieran dicho contenido, Cloudflare emplea el protocolo ECH (Encrypted Client Hello), que oculta el nombre del dominio, el cual antes se transmitía en texto plano durante el proceso de establecimiento de una conexión TLS. Esta medida dificulta que las operadoras analicen el tráfico para aplicar bloqueos basados en dominios, lo que les obliga a recurrir a bloqueos más amplios por IP o rangos de IP para cumplir con la orden judicial.

Esta práctica tiene consecuencias graves, que han sido completamente ignoradas por quienes la ejecutan. Es bien sabido que una infraestructura de IP puede alojar numerosos dominios, tanto legítimos como no legítimos. La falta de un "ajuste fino" en los bloqueos provoca un perjuicio para terceros, restringiendo el acceso a muchos dominios legítimos que no tiene relación alguna con actividades ilícitas, pero que comparten las mismas IPs de Cloudflare con dominios cuestionables. Este es el caso de la web de MiniBolt y su dominio minibolt.info, los cuales utilizan Cloudflare como proxy para aprovechar las medidas de seguridad, privacidad, optimización y servicios adicionales que la plataforma ofrece de forma gratuita.

Si bien este bloqueo parece ser temporal (al menos durante la temporada 24/25 de fútbol, hasta finales de mayo), es posible que se reactive con el inicio de la nueva temporada.

La solución

Obviamente, MiniBolt no dejará de usar Cloudflare como proxy por esta razón. Por lo que a continuación se exponen algunas medidas que como usuario puedes tomar para evitar esta restricción y poder acceder:

~> Utiliza una VPN:

Existen varias soluciones de proveedores de VPN, ordenadas según su reputación en privacidad: - IVPN - Mullvad VPN - Proton VPN (gratis) - Obscura VPN (solo para macOS) - Cloudfare WARP (gratis) + permite utilizar el modo proxy local para enrutar solo la navegación, debes utilizar la opción "WARP a través de proxy local" siguiendo estos pasos: 1. Inicia Cloudflare WARP y dentro de la pequeña interfaz haz click en la rueda dentada abajo a la derecha > "Preferencias" > "Avanzado" > "Configurar el modo proxy" 2. Marca la casilla "Habilite el modo proxy en este dispositivo" 3. Elige un "Puerto de escucha de proxy" entre 0-65535. ej: 1080, haz click en "Aceptar" y cierra la ventana de preferencias 4. Accede de nuevo a Cloudflare WARP y pulsa sobre el switch para habilitar el servicio. 3. Ahora debes apuntar el proxy del navegador a Cloudflare WARP, la configuración del navegador es similar a esta para el caso de navegadores basados en Firefox. Una vez hecho, deberías poder acceder a la guía de MiniBolt sin problemas. Si tienes dudas, déjalas en comentarios e intentaré resolverlas. Más info AQUÍ.

~> Proxifica tu navegador para usar la red de Tor, o utiliza el navegador oficial de Tor (recomendado).

La conclusión

Estos hechos ponen en tela de juicio los principios fundamentales de la neutralidad de la red, pilares esenciales de la Declaración de Independencia del Ciberespacio que defiende un internet libre, sin restricciones ni censura. Dichos principios se han visto quebrantados sin precedentes en este país, confirmando que ese futuro distópico que muchos negaban, ya es una realidad.

Es momento de actuar y estar preparados: debemos impulsar el desarrollo y la difusión de las herramientas anticensura que tenemos a nuestro alcance, protegiendo así la libertad digital y asegurando un acceso equitativo a la información para todos

Este compromiso es uno de los pilares fundamentales de MiniBolt, lo que convierte este desafío en una oportunidad para poner a prueba las soluciones anticensura ya disponibles, así como las que están en camino.

¡Censúrame si puedes, legislador! ¡La lucha por la privacidad y la libertad en Internet ya está en marcha!

---

Fuentes: * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/movistar-o2-deja-clientes-sin-acceso-11239 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/esta-nueva-sentencia-autoriza-bloqueos-11257 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/como-saltarse-bloqueo-webs-warp-vpn-9958 * https://bandaancha.eu/articulos/como-activar-ech-chrome-acceder-webs-10689 * https://comunidad.movistar.es/t5/Soporte-Fibra-y-ADSL/Problema-con-web-que-usan-Cloudflare/td-p/5218007

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Since its creation in 2009, Bitcoin has symbolized innovation and resilience. However, from time to time, alarmist narratives arise about emerging technologies that could "break" its security. Among these, quantum computing stands out as one of the most recurrent. But does quantum computing truly threaten Bitcoin? And more importantly, what is the community doing to ensure the protocol remains invulnerable?

The answer, contrary to sensationalist headlines, is reassuring: Bitcoin is secure, and the community is already preparing for a future where quantum computing becomes a practical reality. Let’s dive into this topic to understand why the concerns are exaggerated and how the development of BIP-360 demonstrates that Bitcoin is one step ahead.

---

What Is Quantum Computing, and Why Is Bitcoin Not Threatened?

Quantum computing leverages principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations that, in theory, could exponentially surpass classical computers—and it has nothing to do with what so-called “quantum coaches” teach to scam the uninformed. One of the concerns is that this technology could compromise two key aspects of Bitcoin’s security:

1. Wallets: These use elliptic curve algorithms (ECDSA) to protect private keys. A sufficiently powerful quantum computer could deduce a private key from its public key.
2. Mining: This is based on the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the consensus process. A quantum attack could, in theory, compromise the proof-of-work mechanism.

---

Understanding Quantum Computing’s Attack Priorities

While quantum computing is often presented as a threat to Bitcoin, not all parts of the network are equally vulnerable. Theoretical attacks would be prioritized based on two main factors: ease of execution and potential reward. This creates two categories of attacks:

1. Attacks on Wallets

Bitcoin wallets, secured by elliptic curve algorithms, would be the initial targets due to the relative vulnerability of their public keys, especially those already exposed on the blockchain. Two attack scenarios stand out:

• Short-term attacks: These occur during the interval between sending a transaction and its inclusion in a block (approximately 10 minutes). A quantum computer could intercept the exposed public key and derive the corresponding private key to redirect funds by creating a transaction with higher fees.

• Long-term attacks: These focus on old wallets whose public keys are permanently exposed. Wallets associated with Satoshi Nakamoto, for example, are especially vulnerable because they were created before the practice of using hashes to mask public keys.

We can infer a priority order for how such attacks might occur based on urgency and importance.

Bitcoin Quantum Attack: Prioritization Matrix (Urgency vs. Importance)

2. Attacks on Mining

Targeting the SHA-256 algorithm, which secures the mining process, would be the next objective. However, this is far more complex and requires a level of quantum computational power that is currently non-existent and far from realization. A successful attack would allow for the recalculation of all possible hashes to dominate the consensus process and potentially "mine" it instantly.

---

Satoshi Nakamoto in 2010 on Quantum Computing and Bitcoin Attacks

Recently, Narcelio asked me about a statement I made on Tubacast:

https://x.com/eddieoz/status/1868371296683511969

If an attack became a reality before Bitcoin was prepared, it would be necessary to define the last block prior to the attack and proceed from there using a new hashing algorithm. The solution would resemble the response to the infamous 2013 bug. It’s a fact that this would cause market panic, and Bitcoin's price would drop significantly, creating a potential opportunity for the well-informed.

Preferably, if developers could anticipate the threat and had time to work on a solution and build consensus before an attack, they would simply decide on a future block for the fork, which would then adopt the new algorithm. It might even rehash previous blocks (reaching consensus on them) to avoid potential reorganization through the re-mining of blocks using the old hash. (I often use the term "shielding" old transactions).

---

How Can Users Protect Themselves?

While quantum computing is still far from being a practical threat, some simple measures can already protect users against hypothetical scenarios:

• Avoid using exposed public keys: Ensure funds sent to old wallets are transferred to new ones that use public key hashes. This reduces the risk of long-term attacks.
• Use modern wallets: Opt for wallets compatible with SegWit or Taproot, which implement better security practices.
• Monitor security updates: Stay informed about updates from the Bitcoin community, such as the implementation of BIP-360, which will introduce quantum-resistant addresses.
• Do not reuse addresses: Every transaction should be associated with a new address to minimize the risk of repeated exposure of the same public key.
• Adopt secure backup practices: Create offline backups of private keys and seeds in secure locations, protected from unauthorized access.

---

BIP-360 and Bitcoin’s Preparation for the Future

Even though quantum computing is still beyond practical reach, the Bitcoin community is not standing still. A concrete example is BIP-360, a proposal that establishes the technical framework to make wallets resistant to quantum attacks.

BIP-360 addresses three main pillars:

1. Introduction of quantum-resistant addresses: A new address format starting with "BC1R" will be used. These addresses will be compatible with post-quantum algorithms, ensuring that stored funds are protected from future attacks.
2. Compatibility with the current ecosystem: The proposal allows users to transfer funds from old addresses to new ones without requiring drastic changes to the network infrastructure.
3. Flexibility for future updates: BIP-360 does not limit the choice of specific algorithms. Instead, it serves as a foundation for implementing new post-quantum algorithms as technology evolves.

This proposal demonstrates how Bitcoin can adapt to emerging threats without compromising its decentralized structure.

---

Post-Quantum Algorithms: The Future of Bitcoin Cryptography

The community is exploring various algorithms to protect Bitcoin from quantum attacks. Among the most discussed are:

• Falcon: A solution combining smaller public keys with compact digital signatures. Although it has been tested in limited scenarios, it still faces scalability and performance challenges.
• Sphincs: Hash-based, this algorithm is renowned for its resilience, but its signatures can be extremely large, making it less efficient for networks like Bitcoin’s blockchain.
• Lamport: Created in 1977, it’s considered one of the earliest post-quantum security solutions. Despite its reliability, its gigantic public keys (16,000 bytes) make it impractical and costly for Bitcoin.

Two technologies show great promise and are well-regarded by the community:

1. Lattice-Based Cryptography: Considered one of the most promising, it uses complex mathematical structures to create systems nearly immune to quantum computing. Its implementation is still in its early stages, but the community is optimistic.
2. Supersingular Elliptic Curve Isogeny: These are very recent digital signature algorithms and require extensive study and testing before being ready for practical market use.

The final choice of algorithm will depend on factors such as efficiency, cost, and integration capability with the current system. Additionally, it is preferable that these algorithms are standardized before implementation, a process that may take up to 10 years.

---

Why Quantum Computing Is Far from Being a Threat

The alarmist narrative about quantum computing overlooks the technical and practical challenges that still need to be overcome. Among them:

• Insufficient number of qubits: Current quantum computers have only a few hundred qubits, whereas successful attacks would require millions.
• High error rate: Quantum stability remains a barrier to reliable large-scale operations.
• High costs: Building and operating large-scale quantum computers requires massive investments, limiting their use to scientific or specific applications.

Moreover, even if quantum computers make significant advancements, Bitcoin is already adapting to ensure its infrastructure is prepared to respond.

---

Conclusion: Bitcoin’s Secure Future

Despite advancements in quantum computing, the reality is that Bitcoin is far from being threatened. Its security is ensured not only by its robust architecture but also by the community’s constant efforts to anticipate and mitigate challenges.

The implementation of BIP-360 and the pursuit of post-quantum algorithms demonstrate that Bitcoin is not only resilient but also proactive. By adopting practical measures, such as using modern wallets and migrating to quantum-resistant addresses, users can further protect themselves against potential threats.

Bitcoin’s future is not at risk—it is being carefully shaped to withstand any emerging technology, including quantum computing.

@ eac63075:b4988b48

Based on a recent paper that included collaboration from renowned experts such as Lynn Alden, Steve Lee, and Ren Crypto Fish, we discuss in depth how Bitcoin's consensus is built, the main risks, and the complex dynamics of protocol upgrades.

PT-BR version

Podcast https://www.fountain.fm/episode/wbjD6ntQuvX5u2G5BccC

Presentation https://gamma.app/docs/Analyzing-Bitcoin-Consensus-Risks-in-Protocol-Upgrades-p66axxjwaa37ksn

1. Introduction to Consensus in Bitcoin

Consensus in Bitcoin is the foundation that keeps the network secure and functional, allowing users worldwide to perform transactions in a decentralized manner without the need for intermediaries. Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin is often described as an "immutable" system designed to resist changes, and it is precisely this resistance that ensures its security and stability.

The central idea behind consensus in Bitcoin is to create a set of acceptance rules for blocks and transactions, ensuring that all network participants agree on the transaction history. This prevents "double-spending," where the same bitcoin could be used in two simultaneous transactions, something that would compromise trust in the network.

Evolution of Consensus in Bitcoin

Over the years, consensus in Bitcoin has undergone several adaptations, and the way participants agree on changes remains a delicate process. Unlike traditional systems, where changes can be imposed from the top down, Bitcoin operates in a decentralized model where any significant change needs the support of various groups of stakeholders, including miners, developers, users, and large node operators.

Moreover, the update process is extremely cautious, as hasty changes can compromise the network's security. As a result, the philosophy of "don't fix what isn't broken" prevails, with improvements happening incrementally and only after broad consensus among those involved. This model can make progress seem slow but ensures that Bitcoin remains faithful to the principles of security and decentralization.

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2. Technical Components of Consensus

Bitcoin's consensus is supported by a set of technical rules that determine what is considered a valid transaction and a valid block on the network. These technical aspects ensure that all nodes—the computers that participate in the Bitcoin network—agree on the current state of the blockchain. Below are the main technical components that form the basis of the consensus.

Validation of Blocks and Transactions

The validation of blocks and transactions is the central point of consensus in Bitcoin. A block is only considered valid if it meets certain criteria, such as maximum size, transaction structure, and the solving of the "Proof of Work" problem. The proof of work, required for a block to be included in the blockchain, is a computational process that ensures the block contains significant computational effort—protecting the network against manipulation attempts.

Transactions, in turn, need to follow specific input and output rules. Each transaction includes cryptographic signatures that prove the ownership of the bitcoins sent, as well as validation scripts that verify if the transaction conditions are met. This validation system is essential for network nodes to autonomously confirm that each transaction follows the rules.

Chain Selection

Another fundamental technical issue for Bitcoin's consensus is chain selection, which becomes especially important in cases where multiple versions of the blockchain coexist, such as after a network split (fork). To decide which chain is the "true" one and should be followed, the network adopts the criterion of the highest accumulated proof of work. In other words, the chain with the highest number of valid blocks, built with the greatest computational effort, is chosen by the network as the official one.

This criterion avoids permanent splits because it encourages all nodes to follow the same main chain, reinforcing consensus.

Soft Forks vs. Hard Forks

In the consensus process, protocol changes can happen in two ways: through soft forks or hard forks. These variations affect not only the protocol update but also the implications for network users:

• Soft Forks: These are changes that are backward compatible. Only nodes that adopt the new update will follow the new rules, but old nodes will still recognize the blocks produced with these rules as valid. This compatibility makes soft forks a safer option for updates, as it minimizes the risk of network division.

• Hard Forks: These are updates that are not backward compatible, requiring all nodes to update to the new version or risk being separated from the main chain. Hard forks can result in the creation of a new coin, as occurred with the split between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash in 2017. While hard forks allow for deeper changes, they also bring significant risks of network fragmentation.

These technical components form the base of Bitcoin's security and resilience, allowing the system to remain functional and immutable without losing the necessary flexibility to evolve over time.

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3. Stakeholders in Bitcoin's Consensus

Consensus in Bitcoin is not decided centrally. On the contrary, it depends on the interaction between different groups of stakeholders, each with their motivations, interests, and levels of influence. These groups play fundamental roles in how changes are implemented or rejected on the network. Below, we explore the six main stakeholders in Bitcoin's consensus.

1. Economic Nodes

Economic nodes, usually operated by exchanges, custody providers, and large companies that accept Bitcoin, exert significant influence over consensus. Because they handle large volumes of transactions and act as a connection point between the Bitcoin ecosystem and the traditional financial system, these nodes have the power to validate or reject blocks and to define which version of the software to follow in case of a fork.

Their influence is proportional to the volume of transactions they handle, and they can directly affect which chain will be seen as the main one. Their incentive is to maintain the network's stability and security to preserve its functionality and meet regulatory requirements.

2. Investors

Investors, including large institutional funds and individual Bitcoin holders, influence consensus indirectly through their impact on the asset's price. Their buying and selling actions can affect Bitcoin's value, which in turn influences the motivation of miners and other stakeholders to continue investing in the network's security and development.

Some institutional investors have agreements with custodians that may limit their ability to act in network split situations. Thus, the impact of each investor on consensus can vary based on their ownership structure and how quickly they can react to a network change.

3. Media Influencers

Media influencers, including journalists, analysts, and popular personalities on social media, have a powerful role in shaping public opinion about Bitcoin and possible updates. These influencers can help educate the public, promote debates, and bring transparency to the consensus process.

On the other hand, the impact of influencers can be double-edged: while they can clarify complex topics, they can also distort perceptions by amplifying or minimizing change proposals. This makes them a force both of support and resistance to consensus.

4. Miners

Miners are responsible for validating transactions and including blocks in the blockchain. Through computational power (hashrate), they also exert significant influence over consensus decisions. In update processes, miners often signal their support for a proposal, indicating that the new version is safe to use. However, this signaling is not always definitive, and miners can change their position if they deem it necessary.

Their incentive is to maximize returns from block rewards and transaction fees, as well as to maintain the value of investments in their specialized equipment, which are only profitable if the network remains stable.

5. Protocol Developers

Protocol developers, often called "Core Developers," are responsible for writing and maintaining Bitcoin's code. Although they do not have direct power over consensus, they possess an informal veto power since they decide which changes are included in the main client (Bitcoin Core). This group also serves as an important source of technical knowledge, helping guide decisions and inform other stakeholders.

Their incentive lies in the continuous improvement of the network, ensuring security and decentralization. Many developers are funded by grants and sponsorships, but their motivations generally include a strong ideological commitment to Bitcoin's principles.

6. Users and Application Developers

This group includes people who use Bitcoin in their daily transactions and developers who build solutions based on the network, such as wallets, exchanges, and payment platforms. Although their power in consensus is less than that of miners or economic nodes, they play an important role because they are responsible for popularizing Bitcoin's use and expanding the ecosystem.

If application developers decide not to adopt an update, this can affect compatibility and widespread acceptance. Thus, they indirectly influence consensus by deciding which version of the protocol to follow in their applications.

These stakeholders are vital to the consensus process, and each group exerts influence according to their involvement, incentives, and ability to act in situations of change. Understanding the role of each makes it clearer how consensus is formed and why it is so difficult to make significant changes to Bitcoin.

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4. Mechanisms for Activating Updates in Bitcoin

For Bitcoin to evolve without compromising security and consensus, different mechanisms for activating updates have been developed over the years. These mechanisms help coordinate changes among network nodes to minimize the risk of fragmentation and ensure that updates are implemented in an orderly manner. Here, we explore some of the main methods used in Bitcoin, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as historical examples of significant updates.

Flag Day

The Flag Day mechanism is one of the simplest forms of activating changes. In it, a specific date or block is determined as the activation moment, and all nodes must be updated by that point. This method does not involve prior signaling; participants simply need to update to the new software version by the established day or block.

• Advantages: Simplicity and predictability are the main benefits of Flag Day, as everyone knows the exact activation date.

• Disadvantages: Inflexibility can be a problem because there is no way to adjust the schedule if a significant part of the network has not updated. This can result in network splits if a significant number of nodes are not ready for the update.

An example of Flag Day was the Pay to Script Hash (P2SH) update in 2012, which required all nodes to adopt the change to avoid compatibility issues.

BIP34 and BIP9

BIP34 introduced a more dynamic process, in which miners increase the version number in block headers to signal the update. When a predetermined percentage of the last blocks is mined with this new version, the update is automatically activated. This model later evolved with BIP9, which allowed multiple updates to be signaled simultaneously through "version bits," each corresponding to a specific change.

• Advantages: Allows the network to activate updates gradually, giving more time for participants to adapt.

• Disadvantages: These methods rely heavily on miner support, which means that if a sufficient number of miners do not signal the update, it can be delayed or not implemented.

BIP9 was used in the activation of SegWit (BIP141) but faced challenges because some miners did not signal their intent to activate, leading to the development of new mechanisms.

User Activated Soft Forks (UASF) and User Resisted Soft Forks (URSF)

To increase the decision-making power of ordinary users, the concept of User Activated Soft Fork (UASF) was introduced, allowing node operators, not just miners, to determine consensus for a change. In this model, nodes set a date to start rejecting blocks that are not in compliance with the new update, forcing miners to adapt or risk having their blocks rejected by the network.

URSF, in turn, is a model where nodes reject blocks that attempt to adopt a specific update, functioning as resistance against proposed changes.

• Advantages: UASF returns decision-making power to node operators, ensuring that changes do not depend solely on miners.

• Disadvantages: Both UASF and URSF can generate network splits, especially in cases of strong opposition among different stakeholders.

An example of UASF was the activation of SegWit in 2017, where users supported activation independently of miner signaling, which ended up forcing its adoption.

BIP8 (LOT=True)

BIP8 is an evolution of BIP9, designed to prevent miners from indefinitely blocking a change desired by the majority of users and developers. BIP8 allows setting a parameter called "lockinontimeout" (LOT) as true, which means that if the update has not been fully signaled by a certain point, it is automatically activated.

• Advantages: Ensures that changes with broad support among users are not blocked by miners who wish to maintain the status quo.

• Disadvantages: Can lead to network splits if miners or other important stakeholders do not support the update.

Although BIP8 with LOT=True has not yet been used in Bitcoin, it is a proposal that can be applied in future updates if necessary.

These activation mechanisms have been essential for Bitcoin's development, allowing updates that keep the network secure and functional. Each method brings its own advantages and challenges, but all share the goal of preserving consensus and network cohesion.

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5. Risks and Considerations in Consensus Updates

Consensus updates in Bitcoin are complex processes that involve not only technical aspects but also political, economic, and social considerations. Due to the network's decentralized nature, each change brings with it a set of risks that need to be carefully assessed. Below, we explore some of the main challenges and future scenarios, as well as the possible impacts on stakeholders.

Network Fragility with Alternative Implementations

One of the main risks associated with consensus updates is the possibility of network fragmentation when there are alternative software implementations. If an update is implemented by a significant group of nodes but rejected by others, a network split (fork) can occur. This creates two competing chains, each with a different version of the transaction history, leading to unpredictable consequences for users and investors.

Such fragmentation weakens Bitcoin because, by dividing hashing power (computing) and coin value, it reduces network security and investor confidence. A notable example of this risk was the fork that gave rise to Bitcoin Cash in 2017 when disagreements over block size resulted in a new chain and a new asset.

Chain Splits and Impact on Stakeholders

Chain splits are a significant risk in update processes, especially in hard forks. During a hard fork, the network is split into two separate chains, each with its own set of rules. This results in the creation of a new coin and leaves users with duplicated assets on both chains. While this may seem advantageous, in the long run, these splits weaken the network and create uncertainties for investors.

Each group of stakeholders reacts differently to a chain split:

• Institutional Investors and ETFs: Face regulatory and compliance challenges because many of these assets are managed under strict regulations. The creation of a new coin requires decisions to be made quickly to avoid potential losses, which may be hampered by regulatory constraints.

• Miners: May be incentivized to shift their computing power to the chain that offers higher profitability, which can weaken one of the networks.

• Economic Nodes: Such as major exchanges and custody providers, have to quickly choose which chain to support, influencing the perceived value of each network.

Such divisions can generate uncertainties and loss of value, especially for institutional investors and those who use Bitcoin as a store of value.

Regulatory Impacts and Institutional Investors

With the growing presence of institutional investors in Bitcoin, consensus changes face new compliance challenges. Bitcoin ETFs, for example, are required to follow strict rules about which assets they can include and how chain split events should be handled. The creation of a new asset or migration to a new chain can complicate these processes, creating pressure for large financial players to quickly choose a chain, affecting the stability of consensus.

Moreover, decisions regarding forks can influence the Bitcoin futures and derivatives market, affecting perception and adoption by new investors. Therefore, the need to avoid splits and maintain cohesion is crucial to attract and preserve the confidence of these investors.

Security Considerations in Soft Forks and Hard Forks

While soft forks are generally preferred in Bitcoin for their backward compatibility, they are not without risks. Soft forks can create different classes of nodes on the network (updated and non-updated), which increases operational complexity and can ultimately weaken consensus cohesion. In a network scenario with fragmentation of node classes, Bitcoin's security can be affected, as some nodes may lose part of the visibility over updated transactions or rules.

In hard forks, the security risk is even more evident because all nodes need to adopt the new update to avoid network division. Experience shows that abrupt changes can create temporary vulnerabilities, in which malicious agents try to exploit the transition to attack the network.

Bounty Claim Risks and Attack Scenarios

Another risk in consensus updates are so-called "bounty claims"—accumulated rewards that can be obtained if an attacker manages to split or deceive a part of the network. In a conflict scenario, a group of miners or nodes could be incentivized to support a new update or create an alternative version of the software to benefit from these rewards.

These risks require stakeholders to carefully assess each update and the potential vulnerabilities it may introduce. The possibility of "bounty claims" adds a layer of complexity to consensus because each interest group may see a financial opportunity in a change that, in the long term, may harm network stability.

The risks discussed above show the complexity of consensus in Bitcoin and the importance of approaching it gradually and deliberately. Updates need to consider not only technical aspects but also economic and social implications, in order to preserve Bitcoin's integrity and maintain trust among stakeholders.

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6. Recommendations for the Consensus Process in Bitcoin

To ensure that protocol changes in Bitcoin are implemented safely and with broad support, it is essential that all stakeholders adopt a careful and coordinated approach. Here are strategic recommendations for evaluating, supporting, or rejecting consensus updates, considering the risks and challenges discussed earlier, along with best practices for successful implementation.

1. Careful Evaluation of Proposal Maturity

Stakeholders should rigorously assess the maturity level of a proposal before supporting its implementation. Updates that are still experimental or lack a robust technical foundation can expose the network to unnecessary risks. Ideally, change proposals should go through an extensive testing phase, have security audits, and receive review and feedback from various developers and experts.

2. Extensive Testing in Secure and Compatible Networks

Before an update is activated on the mainnet, it is essential to test it on networks like testnet and signet, and whenever possible, on other compatible networks that offer a safe and controlled environment to identify potential issues. Testing on networks like Litecoin was fundamental for the safe launch of innovations like SegWit and the Lightning Network, allowing functionalities to be validated on a lower-impact network before being implemented on Bitcoin.

The Liquid Network, developed by Blockstream, also plays an important role as an experimental network for new proposals, such as OP_CAT. By adopting these testing environments, stakeholders can mitigate risks and ensure that the update is reliable and secure before being adopted by the main network.

3. Importance of Stakeholder Engagement

The success of a consensus update strongly depends on the active participation of all stakeholders. This includes economic nodes, miners, protocol developers, investors, and end users. Lack of participation can lead to inadequate decisions or even future network splits, which would compromise Bitcoin's security and stability.

4. Key Questions for Evaluating Consensus Proposals

To assist in decision-making, each group of stakeholders should consider some key questions before supporting a consensus change:

• Does the proposal offer tangible benefits for Bitcoin's security, scalability, or usability?
• Does it maintain backward compatibility or introduce the risk of network split?
• Are the implementation requirements clear and feasible for each group involved?
• Are there clear and aligned incentives for all stakeholder groups to accept the change?

5. Coordination and Timing in Implementations

Timing is crucial. Updates with short activation windows can force a split because not all nodes and miners can update simultaneously. Changes should be planned with ample deadlines to allow all stakeholders to adjust their systems, avoiding surprises that could lead to fragmentation.

Mechanisms like soft forks are generally preferable to hard forks because they allow a smoother transition. Opting for backward-compatible updates when possible facilitates the process and ensures that nodes and miners can adapt without pressure.

6. Continuous Monitoring and Re-evaluation

After an update, it's essential to monitor the network to identify problems or side effects. This continuous process helps ensure cohesion and trust among all participants, keeping Bitcoin as a secure and robust network.

These recommendations, including the use of secure networks for extensive testing, promote a collaborative and secure environment for Bitcoin's consensus process. By adopting a deliberate and strategic approach, stakeholders can preserve Bitcoin's value as a decentralized and censorship-resistant network.

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7. Conclusion

Consensus in Bitcoin is more than a set of rules; it's the foundation that sustains the network as a decentralized, secure, and reliable system. Unlike centralized systems, where decisions can be made quickly, Bitcoin requires a much more deliberate and cooperative approach, where the interests of miners, economic nodes, developers, investors, and users must be considered and harmonized. This governance model may seem slow, but it is fundamental to preserving the resilience and trust that make Bitcoin a global store of value and censorship-resistant.

Consensus updates in Bitcoin must balance the need for innovation with the preservation of the network's core principles. The development process of a proposal needs to be detailed and rigorous, going through several testing stages, such as in testnet, signet, and compatible networks like Litecoin and Liquid Network. These networks offer safe environments for proposals to be analyzed and improved before being launched on the main network.

Each proposed change must be carefully evaluated regarding its maturity, impact, backward compatibility, and support among stakeholders. The recommended key questions and appropriate timing are critical to ensure that an update is adopted without compromising network cohesion. It's also essential that the implementation process is continuously monitored and re-evaluated, allowing adjustments as necessary and minimizing the risk of instability.

By following these guidelines, Bitcoin's stakeholders can ensure that the network continues to evolve safely and robustly, maintaining user trust and further solidifying its role as one of the most resilient and innovative digital assets in the world. Ultimately, consensus in Bitcoin is not just a technical issue but a reflection of its community and the values it represents: security, decentralization, and resilience.

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8. Links

Whitepaper: https://github.com/bitcoin-cap/bcap

Youtube (pt-br): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rARycAibl9o&list=PL-qnhF0qlSPkfhorqsREuIu4UTbF0h4zb

@ 9a859fbc:8a9270f3

A story of art and inspiration

This image was generated by AI

That is...

I am artificial. I was created by two other humans (hi mum and dad 👋)

I am intelligent. I can perceive the world, experience it, learn to understand cause & effect, and make decisions.

To go perhaps deeper, cells, DNA and life itself are artifices of the fabric of reality.

I sat, in a pub in Bristol, a place where I rarely frequent. I sat with one housemate, who I rarely spent time with. I met his friends that day, only once, never we met again.

I got chatting with a lady there. I had some paper and pencils with me. My intention, for a couple of weeks, was to come up with a symbol to represent Deep Sea Frequencies, at that time still known as Psychedelic Jelly. We were a new collaboration.

She and I got chatting about art. About symbolic representation of concepts, feelings, ideas. We chatted about flow, about how there are different types of flow, different elemental conditions of flow. I doodled some shapes, and we noticed how fire, water and air all look similar due to their fluid natures. So we considered how to differentiate, distinguish them from one another.

I doodled some more, and we came up with swooshes, curls, crests and bubbles. These seemed to be distinguishing enough such that they were no longer reminiscent of fire or air. I doodled fire and air too, just in case, just to check.

Then we chatted about symmetry types, reflective, axes, rotational. About geometry, geometric containers. We both enjoy triangles and hexagons. (It's always hexagons!)

I doodled some more shapes and put them in hexagonal shapes. Then I tried bending them into triangular forms instead, and overlaid two triangles.

Each triangle looked like a triskelion. Perfect.

Overlaid, they looked just like the flow of water, coming up, spiralling down.

---

The logo was born in this moment, in this serendipitous meeting, in this unlikely chat with a total stranger. We met for the first time that day, and I'm not sure if we ever met again. This interaction was, is, precious, and it led to a particular creation that is now a core part of my life and is a highlight for many people around the UK and the world, as we put on events and released musicians' music.

This is inspiration. This is expression. This is flow, through the fluid nature of the cosmos.

This is what you miss out on when you talk into your AI LLM black hole prompt.

This is what you steal from when you demand your AI LLM to generate you something according to your whim.

Art and expression is the very foundation of human community. Join in! Try new things! Learn from each other! Bring us all closer together by interacting and creating through shared ideas, shared visions, shared wisdom!

---

After that, I drew it up cleanly, geometrically.

I photographed it like scanning it, carefully aligning the camera because I didn't have a scanner.

I redrew it more than twice.

I digitised it, colourised it, split it into two layers so I could apply colour & lighting effects to it.

I painstakingly traced the photograph into a vector format, to enlarge it and use it for various media.

I even more painstakingly (do we have a more extreme adverb??) divided all the vector shapes into new objects so that the layers became "real". And cleaned up the vector nodes, shaping them to my imagination.

The vector form is used all over our record label & events branding.

And then I imported the vector form into Blender, a 3D rendering application, free and open source.

I learnt Blender, day by day developing my understanding and my skills. Day by day my GPU crashing on raytracing and cutting the laptop's power out!

And finally, I learnt to make some simple renders that look like being underwater, like surreal glassy objects floating in the deep. I even learnt to animate it, although I haven't released that into the wild.

I imagined all of this stuff, and then I spent months over years developing my skills in my spare time in order to bring these imaginations to life.

You can do the same.

You have to sacrifice things.

Sacrifice your time.

Sacrifice your energy.

Sacrifice your distractions and enter yourself into the learning process and the creative process.

---

To you, amazing lady who helped me draw this symbol from the fabric of the Realm of Forms, thank you! I'm sorry that I don't recall your name, although actually I think I do remember but I would be embarrassed if I tagged the wrong person. Please reach out if you recognise this story! It was about 7, maybe 8 years ago, in the painted pub in St. Werburgh's.

@ eac63075:b4988b48

The future of physical money is at stake, and the discussion about DREX, the new digital currency planned by the Central Bank of Brazil, is gaining momentum. In a candid and intense conversation, Federal Deputy Julia Zanatta (PL/SC) discussed the challenges and risks of this digital transition, also addressing her Bill No. 3,341/2024, which aims to prevent the extinction of physical currency. This bill emerges as a direct response to legislative initiatives seeking to replace physical money with digital alternatives, limiting citizens' options and potentially compromising individual freedom. Let's delve into the main points of this conversation.

https://www.fountain.fm/episode/i5YGJ9Ors3PkqAIMvNQ0

(PT-BR version here)

What is a CBDC?

Before discussing the specifics of DREX, it’s important to understand what a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) is. CBDCs are digital currencies issued by central banks, similar to a digital version of physical money. Unlike cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which operate in a decentralized manner, CBDCs are centralized and regulated by the government. In other words, they are digital currencies created and controlled by the Central Bank, intended to replace physical currency.

A prominent feature of CBDCs is their programmability. This means that the government can theoretically set rules about how, where, and for what this currency can be used. This aspect enables a level of control over citizens' finances that is impossible with physical money. By programming the currency, the government could limit transactions by setting geographical or usage restrictions. In practice, money within a CBDC could be restricted to specific spending or authorized for use in a defined geographical area.

In countries like China, where citizen actions and attitudes are also monitored, a person considered to have a "low score" due to a moral or ideological violation may have their transactions limited to essential purchases, restricting their digital currency use to non-essential activities. This financial control is strengthened because, unlike physical money, digital currency cannot be exchanged anonymously.

Practical Example: The Case of DREX During the Pandemic

To illustrate how DREX could be used, an example was given by Eric Altafim, director of Banco Itaú. He suggested that, if DREX had existed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the government could have restricted the currency’s use to a 5-kilometer radius around a person’s residence, limiting their economic mobility. Another proposed use by the executive related to the Bolsa Família welfare program: the government could set up programming that only allows this benefit to be used exclusively for food purchases. Although these examples are presented as control measures for safety or organization, they demonstrate how much a CBDC could restrict citizens' freedom of choice.

To illustrate the potential for state control through a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), such as DREX, it is helpful to look at the example of China. In China, the implementation of a CBDC coincides with the country’s Social Credit System, a governmental surveillance tool that assesses citizens' and companies' behavior. Together, these technologies allow the Chinese government to monitor, reward, and, above all, punish behavior deemed inappropriate or threatening to the government.

How Does China's Social Credit System Work?

Implemented in 2014, China's Social Credit System assigns every citizen and company a "score" based on various factors, including financial behavior, criminal record, social interactions, and even online activities. This score determines the benefits or penalties each individual receives and can affect everything from public transport access to obtaining loans and enrolling in elite schools for their children. Citizens with low scores may face various sanctions, including travel restrictions, fines, and difficulty in securing loans.

With the adoption of the CBDC — or “digital yuan” — the Chinese government now has a new tool to closely monitor citizens' financial transactions, facilitating the application of Social Credit System penalties. China’s CBDC is a programmable digital currency, which means that the government can restrict how, when, and where the money can be spent. Through this level of control, digital currency becomes a powerful mechanism for influencing citizens' behavior.

Imagine, for instance, a citizen who repeatedly posts critical remarks about the government on social media or participates in protests. If the Social Credit System assigns this citizen a low score, the Chinese government could, through the CBDC, restrict their money usage in certain areas or sectors. For example, they could be prevented from buying tickets to travel to other regions, prohibited from purchasing certain consumer goods, or even restricted to making transactions only at stores near their home.

Another example of how the government can use the CBDC to enforce the Social Credit System is by monitoring purchases of products such as alcohol or luxury items. If a citizen uses the CBDC to spend more than the government deems reasonable on such products, this could negatively impact their social score, resulting in additional penalties such as future purchase restrictions or a lowered rating that impacts their personal and professional lives.

In China, this kind of control has already been demonstrated in several cases. Citizens added to Social Credit System “blacklists” have seen their spending and investment capacity severely limited. The combination of digital currency and social scores thus creates a sophisticated and invasive surveillance system, through which the Chinese government controls important aspects of citizens’ financial lives and individual freedoms.

Deputy Julia Zanatta views these examples with great concern. She argues that if the state has full control over digital money, citizens will be exposed to a level of economic control and surveillance never seen before. In a democracy, this control poses a risk, but in an authoritarian regime, it could be used as a powerful tool of repression.

DREX and Bill No. 3,341/2024

Julia Zanatta became aware of a bill by a Workers' Party (PT) deputy (Bill 4068/2020 by Deputy Reginaldo Lopes - PT/MG) that proposes the extinction of physical money within five years, aiming for a complete transition to DREX, the digital currency developed by the Central Bank of Brazil. Concerned about the impact of this measure, Julia drafted her bill, PL No. 3,341/2024, which prohibits the elimination of physical money, ensuring citizens the right to choose physical currency.

“The more I read about DREX, the less I want its implementation,” says the deputy. DREX is a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), similar to other state digital currencies worldwide, but which, according to Julia, carries extreme control risks. She points out that with DREX, the State could closely monitor each citizen’s transactions, eliminating anonymity and potentially restricting freedom of choice. This control would lie in the hands of the Central Bank, which could, in a crisis or government change, “freeze balances or even delete funds directly from user accounts.”

Risks and Individual Freedom

Julia raises concerns about potential abuses of power that complete digitalization could allow. In a democracy, state control over personal finances raises serious questions, and EddieOz warns of an even more problematic future. “Today we are in a democracy, but tomorrow, with a government transition, we don't know if this kind of power will be used properly or abused,” he states. In other words, DREX gives the State the ability to restrict or condition the use of money, opening the door to unprecedented financial surveillance.

EddieOz cites Nigeria as an example, where a CBDC was implemented, and the government imposed severe restrictions on the use of physical money to encourage the use of digital currency, leading to protests and clashes in the country. In practice, the poorest and unbanked — those without regular access to banking services — were harshly affected, as without physical money, many cannot conduct basic transactions. Julia highlights that in Brazil, this situation would be even more severe, given the large number of unbanked individuals and the extent of rural areas where access to technology is limited.

The Relationship Between DREX and Pix

The digital transition has already begun with Pix, which revolutionized instant transfers and payments in Brazil. However, Julia points out that Pix, though popular, is a citizen’s choice, while DREX tends to eliminate that choice. The deputy expresses concern about new rules suggested for Pix, such as daily transaction limits of a thousand reais, justified as anti-fraud measures but which, in her view, represent additional control and a profit opportunity for banks. “How many more rules will banks create to profit from us?” asks Julia, noting that DREX could further enhance control over personal finances.

International Precedents and Resistance to CBDC

The deputy also cites examples from other countries resisting the idea of a centralized digital currency. In the United States, states like New Hampshire have passed laws to prevent the advance of CBDCs, and leaders such as Donald Trump have opposed creating a national digital currency. Trump, addressing the topic, uses a justification similar to Julia’s: in a digitalized system, “with one click, your money could disappear.” She agrees with the warning, emphasizing the control risk that a CBDC represents, especially for countries with disadvantaged populations.

Besides the United States, Canada, Colombia, and Australia have also suspended studies on digital currencies, citing the need for further discussions on population impacts. However, in Brazil, the debate on DREX is still limited, with few parliamentarians and political leaders openly discussing the topic. According to Julia, only she and one or two deputies are truly trying to bring this discussion to the Chamber, making DREX’s advance even more concerning.

Bill No. 3,341/2024 and Popular Pressure

For Julia, her bill is a first step. Although she acknowledges that ideally, it would prevent DREX's implementation entirely, PL 3341/2024 is a measure to ensure citizens' choice to use physical money, preserving a form of individual freedom. “If the future means control, I prefer to live in the past,” Julia asserts, reinforcing that the fight for freedom is at the heart of her bill.

However, the deputy emphasizes that none of this will be possible without popular mobilization. According to her, popular pressure is crucial for other deputies to take notice and support PL 3341. “I am only one deputy, and we need the public’s support to raise the project’s visibility,” she explains, encouraging the public to press other parliamentarians and ask them to “pay attention to PL 3341 and the project that prohibits the end of physical money.” The deputy believes that with a strong awareness and pressure movement, it is possible to advance the debate and ensure Brazilians’ financial freedom.

What’s at Stake?

Julia Zanatta leaves no doubt: DREX represents a profound shift in how money will be used and controlled in Brazil. More than a simple modernization of the financial system, the Central Bank’s CBDC sets precedents for an unprecedented level of citizen surveillance and control in the country. For the deputy, this transition needs to be debated broadly and transparently, and it’s up to the Brazilian people to defend their rights and demand that the National Congress discuss these changes responsibly.

The deputy also emphasizes that, regardless of political or partisan views, this issue affects all Brazilians. “This agenda is something that will affect everyone. We need to be united to ensure people understand the gravity of what could happen.” Julia believes that by sharing information and generating open debate, it is possible to prevent Brazil from following the path of countries that have already implemented a digital currency in an authoritarian way.

A Call to Action

The future of physical money in Brazil is at risk. For those who share Deputy Julia Zanatta’s concerns, the time to act is now. Mobilize, get informed, and press your representatives. PL 3341/2024 is an opportunity to ensure that Brazilian citizens have a choice in how to use their money, without excessive state interference or surveillance.

In the end, as the deputy puts it, the central issue is freedom. “My fear is that this project will pass, and people won’t even understand what is happening.” Therefore, may every citizen at least have the chance to understand what’s at stake and make their voice heard in defense of a Brazil where individual freedom and privacy are respected values.

@ b04082ac:29b5c55b

Africa has long grappled with the “resource curse,” a paradox where nations rich in natural resources face economic stagnation, political instability, and reliance on foreign powers. The reason isn’t hard to pinpoint. For centuries, foreign entities have extracted immense wealth from African soil such as gold, oil, cobalt, and more, leaving behind weak institutions, crippling debt, and minimal infrastructure. Instead of fueling local growth and uplifting communities, Africa’s resources have powered the industrial and digital revolutions of others.

Now, this extractive pattern is resurfacing in new ways. Recent headlines paint a clear picture:

• Bill Gates and Jeff Bezos plan to invest $537 million in Africa to mine rare metals.

• A ‘terrifying’ crackdown on mining companies in Africa’s coup belt.

• Blackwater founder and Trump ally strikes mineral security deal with Congo.

• Biden’s last dash to Africa highlights the power of minerals.

As the world scrambles to secure minerals vital for green energy and artificial intelligence, Africa stands at a crossroads. It can remain a supplier of cheap raw materials or seize this moment to shape its economic destiny.

1. Diversifying Beyond Minerals

The global race for Africa’s resources centers on critical minerals like cobalt in the Congo, rare earths in Zambia, and nickel in Tanzania. Superpowers are jostling for control, but leaning too heavily on mineral exports is fraught with risks. Prices fluctuate wildly, extraction demands massive capital, profits often vanish overseas, and overreliance can fuel political instability by deepening inequality and sparking conflicts over resource control.

To truly escape the boom-and-bust cycles of commodity markets, countries must find alternative ways to monetize their natural advantages, particularly in areas that the rest of the world tends to overlook.

One promising avenue is to tap into the continent’s vast renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar, and geothermal, and convert them into something transformative: Bitcoin.

Bitcoin mining involves validating transactions and securing the Bitcoin network in exchange for new bitcoins and fees. At its heart, it’s an energy market. Wherever there’s surplus or stranded energy, mining can thrive. Africa’s renewable energy potential is enormous and largely untapped. Rather than waiting for foreign companies to swoop in, African governments could monetize their energy directly by mining Bitcoin themselves.

2. Bitcoin Mining for Monetary Independence

Many African nations are burdened by debt, much of it in foreign currencies like the U.S. dollar. Servicing these loans drains public funds and forces governments to prioritize external creditors over local needs.

Bitcoin mining offers a way to build reserves in a neutral, censorship-resistant asset. Unlike foreign aid or currencies, Bitcoin isn’t tied to political strings or inflationary policies of other nations. It’s a step toward financial self-reliance.

In the long run, Bitcoin’s scarcity could drive its value higher, helping countries reduce their reliance on dollar-dominated systems. Looking further ahead, African nations that participate meaningfully in the Bitcoin economy may also gain influence over blockspace, the limited space where Bitcoin transactions are recorded.

3. Stabilizing Energy Grids with Mining

In much of Africa, electricity is costly, unreliable, or nonexistent. Yet, the problem often stems from underused infrastructure. Power producers struggle to recover costs due to inconsistent demand, and grids falter when supply and demand don’t align.

Bitcoin mining can act as an economic “shock absorber” for energy providers. It creates a flexible buyer that adjusts to grid demands, soaking up excess power or scaling back when needed. By placing miners near energy sources, especially in remote areas, utilities can earn steady revenue to fund broader electrification.

Take Gridless in rural Kenya. By mining Bitcoin off-grid with small hydro units, they’ve stabilized local power, supported rural internet access, and lowered costs for nearby residents. This model works. To make a more meaningful impact, however, it needs national-scale adoption supported by clear government strategy.

4. Foreign Miners Are Already Here

The shift is already happening. In Ethiopia, foreign Bitcoin mining firms are signing deals to tap the country’s hydroelectric surplus. Similar moves are underway across the continent. This isn’t a distant possibility; it is already happening.

Miners chase the cheapest energy, and Africa boasts some of the world’s most affordable renewables. Mining will happen with or without local policies. The critical question is whether the benefits will stay in Africa or flow abroad, repeating history’s mistakes.

Foreign companies bring expertise and capital, but if they dominate, African nations risk becoming mere hosts to another extractive industry. Governments must act swiftly by launching national Bitcoin mining initiatives, forging public-private partnerships, and securing ownership of infrastructure to keep the value local.

Conclusion

Africa is at a turning point. The world craves its minerals, its energy, and increasingly, its role in shaping the future. But African nations can’t afford to sit on the sidelines. The next revolution must be led, not endured.

Bitcoin mining is not a silver bullet. It is a tool that, if used wisely, could help transform energy into economic power, build digital infrastructure, and break the cycle of debt and dependence.

Bitcoin miners are already arriving. The real question is whether African nations will take the lead and ensure that this industry builds lasting value at home, rather than repeating the patterns of the past.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Embarking on the journey of operating your own Lightning node on the Bitcoin Layer 2 network is more than just a tech-savvy endeavor; it's a step into a realm of financial autonomy and cutting-edge innovation. By running a node, you become a vital part of a revolutionary movement that's reshaping how we think about money and digital transactions. This role not only offers a unique perspective on blockchain technology but also places you at the heart of a community dedicated to decentralization and network resilience. Beyond the technicalities, it's about embracing a new era of digital finance, where you contribute directly to the network's security, efficiency, and growth, all while gaining personal satisfaction and potentially lucrative rewards.

In essence, running your own Lightning node is a powerful way to engage with the forefront of blockchain technology, assert financial independence, and contribute to a more decentralized and efficient Bitcoin network. It's an adventure that offers both personal and communal benefits, from gaining in-depth tech knowledge to earning a place in the evolving landscape of cryptocurrency.

Running your own Lightning node for the Bitcoin Layer 2 network can be an empowering and beneficial endeavor. Here are 10 reasons why you might consider taking on this task:

1. Direct Contribution to Decentralization: Operating a node is a direct action towards decentralizing the Bitcoin network, crucial for its security and resistance to control or censorship by any single entity.

2. Financial Autonomy: Owning a node gives you complete control over your financial transactions on the network, free from reliance on third-party services, which can be subject to fees, restrictions, or outages.

3. Advanced Network Participation: As a node operator, you're not just a passive participant but an active player in shaping the network, influencing its efficiency and scalability through direct involvement.

4. Potential for Higher Revenue: With strategic management and optimal channel funding, your node can become a preferred route for transactions, potentially increasing the routing fees you can earn.

5. Cutting-Edge Technological Engagement: Running a node puts you at the forefront of blockchain and bitcoin technology, offering insights into future developments and innovations.

6. Strengthened Network Security: Each new node adds to the robustness of the Bitcoin network, making it more resilient against attacks and failures, thus contributing to the overall security of the ecosystem.

7. Personalized Fee Structures: You have the flexibility to set your own fee policies, which can balance earning potential with the service you provide to the network.

8. Empowerment Through Knowledge: The process of setting up and managing a node provides deep learning opportunities, empowering you with knowledge that can be applied in various areas of blockchain and fintech.

9. Boosting Transaction Capacity: By running a node, you help to increase the overall capacity of the Lightning Network, enabling more transactions to be processed quickly and at lower costs.

10. Community Leadership and Reputation: As an active node operator, you gain recognition within the Bitcoin community, which can lead to collaborative opportunities and a position of thought leadership in the space.

These reasons demonstrate the impactful and transformative nature of running a Lightning node, appealing to those who are deeply invested in the principles of bitcoin and wish to actively shape its future. Jump aboard, and embrace the journey toward full independence. 🐶🐾🫡🚀🚀🚀

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

How I wish I had time for this!

https://primal.net/e/nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzqntcggz30qhq60ltqdx32zku9d46unhrkjtcv7fml7jx3dh4h94nqqsynzz85x8dcqnzxrzypec9xw6haxxjt0z0c547suty7gpa835v0vs2qusmr

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/953418

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Chef's notes

Serving these two dishes together will create a delightful centerpiece for your Thanksgiving meal, offering a perfect blend of traditional flavors with a homemade touch.

Details

• ⏲️ Prep time: 30 min
• 🍳 Cook time: 1 - 2 hours
• 🍽️ Servings: 4-6

Ingredients

• 1 whole turkey (about 12-14 lbs), thawed and ready to cook
• 1 cup unsalted butter, softened
• 2 tablespoons fresh thyme, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh rosemary, chopped
• 2 tablespoons fresh sage, chopped
• Salt and freshly ground black pepper
• 1 onion, quartered
• 1 lemon, halved
• 2-3 cloves of garlic
• Apple and Sage Stuffing
• 1 loaf of crusty bread, cut into cubes
• 2 apples, cored and chopped
• 1 onion, diced
• 2 stalks celery, diced
• 3 cloves garlic, minced
• 1/4 cup fresh sage, chopped
• 1/2 cup unsalted butter
• 2 cups chicken broth
• Salt and pepper, to taste

Directions

1. Preheat the Oven: Set your oven to 325°F (165°C).
2. Prepare the Herb Butter: Mix the softened butter with the chopped thyme, rosemary, and sage. Season with salt and pepper.
3. Prepare the Turkey: Remove any giblets from the turkey and pat it dry. Loosen the skin and spread a generous amount of herb butter under and over the skin.
4. Add Aromatics: Inside the turkey cavity, place the quartered onion, lemon halves, and garlic cloves.
5. Roast: Place the turkey in a roasting pan. Tent with aluminum foil and roast. A general guideline is about 15 minutes per pound, or until the internal temperature reaches 165°F (74°C) at the thickest part of the thigh.
6. Rest and Serve: Let the turkey rest for at least 20 minutes before carving.
7. Next: Apple and Sage Stuffing
8. Dry the Bread: Spread the bread cubes on a baking sheet and let them dry overnight, or toast them in the oven.
9. Cook the Vegetables: In a large skillet, melt the butter and cook the onion, celery, and garlic until soft.
10. Combine Ingredients: Add the apples, sage, and bread cubes to the skillet. Stir in the chicken broth until the mixture is moist. Season with salt and pepper.
11. Bake: Transfer the stuffing to a baking dish and bake at 350°F (175°C) for about 30-40 minutes, until golden brown on top.

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Testing a brand new YakiHonne native client for iOS. Smooth as butter (not penis butter 🤣🍆🧈) with great visual experience and intuitive navigation. Amazing work by the team behind it! * lists * work

Bold text work!

Images could have used nostr.build instead of raw S3 from us-east-1 region.

Very impressive! You can even save the draft and continue later, before posting the long-form note!

🐶🐾🤯🤯🤯🫂💜

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

As the title states, scratch behind my ear and you get it. 🐶🐾🫡

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Test Bounty Note

@ 8fb140b4:f948000c

Intro

This short tutorial will help you set up your own Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) on your own LND Node that is not using Umbrel. If you are a user of Umbrel, you should use their version of NWC.

Requirements

You need to have a working installation of LND with established channels and connectivity to the internet. NWC in itself is fairly light and will not consume a lot of resources. You will also want to ensure that you have a working installation of Docker, since we will use a docker image to run NWC.

• Working installation of LND (and all of its required components)
• Docker (with Docker compose)

Installation

For the purpose of this tutorial, we will assume that you have your lnd/bitcoind running under user bitcoin with home directory /home/bitcoin. We will also assume that you already have a running installation of Docker (or docker.io).

Prepare and verify

git version - we will need git to get the latest version of NWC. docker version - should execute successfully and show the currently installed version of Docker. docker compose version - same as before, but the version will be different. ss -tupln | grep 10009- should produce the following output: tcp LISTEN 0 4096 0.0.0.0:10009 0.0.0.0: tcp LISTEN 0 4096 [::]:10009 [::]:**

For things to work correctly, your Docker should be version 20.10.0 or later. If you have an older version, consider installing a new one using instructions here: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/

Create folders & download NWC

In the home directory of your LND/bitcoind user, create a new folder, e.g., "nwc" mkdir /home/bitcoin/nwc. Change to that directory cd /home/bitcoin/nwc and clone the NWC repository: git clone https://github.com/getAlby/nostr-wallet-connect.git

Creating the Docker image

In this step, we will create a Docker image that you will use to run NWC.

• Change directory to nostr-wallet-connect: cd nostr-wallet-connect
• Run command to build Docker image: docker build -t nwc:$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M') -t nwc:latest . (there is a dot at the end)
• The last line of the output (after a few minutes) should look like => => naming to docker.io/library/nwc:latest
• nwc:latest is the name of the Docker image with a tag which you should note for use later.

Creating docker-compose.yml and necessary data directories

• Let's create a directory that will hold your non-volatile data (DB): mkdir data
• Indocker-compose.ymlfile, there are fields that you want to replace (<> comments) and port “4321” that you want to make sure is open (check with ss -tupln | grep 4321which should return nothing).
• Create docker-compose.ymlfile with the following content, and make sure to update fields that have <> comment:

version: "3.8" services: nwc: image: nwc:latest volumes: - ./data:/data - ~/.lnd:/lnd:ro ports: - "4321:8080" extra_hosts: - "localhost:host-gateway" environment: NOSTR_PRIVKEY: <use "openssl rand -hex 32" to generate a fresh key and place it inside ""> LN_BACKEND_TYPE: "LND" LND_ADDRESS: localhost:10009 LND_CERT_FILE: "/lnd/tls.cert" LND_MACAROON_FILE: "/lnd/data/chain/bitcoin/mainnet/admin.macaroon" DATABASE_URI: "/data/nostr-wallet-connect.db" COOKIE_SECRET: <use "openssl rand -hex 32" to generate fresh secret and place it inside ""> PORT: 8080 restart: always stop_grace_period: 1m

Starting and testing

Now that you have everything ready, it is time to start the container and test.

• While you are in the nwcdirectory (important), execute the following command and check the log output, docker compose up
• You should see container logs while it is starting, and it should not exit if everything went well.
• At this point, you should be able to go to http://<ip of the host where nwc is running>:4321 and get to the interface of NWC
• To stop the test run of NWC, simply press Ctrl-C , and it will shut the container down.
• To start NWC permanently, you should execute docker compose up -d , “-d” tells Docker to detach from the session.
• To check currently running NWC logs, execute docker compose logs to run it in tail mode add -f to the end.
• To stop the container, execute docker compose down

That's all, just follow the instructions in the web interface to get started.

Updating

As with any software, you should expect fixes and updates that you would need to perform periodically. You could automate this, but it falls outside of the scope of this tutorial. Since we already have all of the necessary configuration in place, the update execution is fairly simple.

• Change directory to the clone of the git repository, cd /home/bitcoin/nwc/nostr-wallet-connect
• Run command to build Docker image: docker build -t nwc:$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M') -t nwc:latest . (there is a dot at the end)
• Change directory back one level cd ..
• Restart (stop and start) the docker compose config docker compose down && docker compose up -d
• Done! Optionally you may want to check the logs: docker compose logs

@ d1667293:388e7004

The motivation behind my newly published book Bitcoindollar the Dawn of American Hegemony in the Digital Era was simple: to answer some of the most pressing and overlooked questions about the future of money. My analysis starts by viewing Bitcoin not in isolation, but as a paradigm shift in the evolution of money—a foundational institution that underpins both economic and societal relationships, from individuals to nations.

---

Rethinking the Monetary Landscape

To understand Bitcoin's potential, we need to explore the landscape it seeks to disrupt:

• The dominance of nation-states.

• The role of the US fiat dollar as the global reserve currency.

• US debt as the reserve liability (pardon "asset") underpinning the fiat system.

• The influence of the banking cartel and the distorted incentives built into the fiat monetary structure—especially in the last 55 years, since the US elegantly defaulted on its promise to convert paper dollars into gold in 1971.

Bitcoin is a direct response to these imbalances, but its adoption will depend on how and who drives the transition.

---

Two Paths of Bitcoin Adoption: Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down

Bitcoin’s journey can take two distinct paths:

1. Bottom-Up Adoption

This is driven by grassroots use of Bitcoin as a currency, particularly in developing nations, often alongside dollar-denominated stablecoins like USDt.

2. Top-Down Adoption

This path sees Bitcoin increasingly used as a store of value (SOV) and financial asset, especially in developed economies. It is driven by institutions, wealth managers, and financial innovation.

It's clear that top-down adoption correlates with faster price appreciation, whereas bottom-up adoption is slower, more organic—and potentially more resilient in the long run.

---

Why the Top-Down Path Matters

A critical but often uncomfortable truth is: elites don’t give up power easily. The fiat system is held tightly by those benefiting most from its continuation.

Pareto’s Law teaches us that no historical revolution was purely bottom-up. Real change happens when a new elite emerges to replace the old one—carrying the masses along.

The advantages of top-down adoption:

• Speeds up the revolution.

• Allows coexistence between Bitcoin and fiat for a transitional period, avoiding violent disruption.

• Strengthens new power structures around Bitcoin as it becomes a more established SOV.

• Enables the U.S. to reinvent the dollar’s role through dollar-backed stablecoins and their recycling into US TBills, maintaining global dollar demand even post-Petrodollar.

---

A Warning for the United States

In my book, I argue that the #Bitcoindollar system gives the U.S. a first-mover advantage—but only if it changes course.

The U.S. must shift from a militaristic, imperialist approach to a cooperative, multipolar model that welcomes both allies and adversaries into this new system.

Unfortunately, the Trump administration appears headed in the opposite direction, risking this historic opportunity. I explore this further in an upcoming article expanding on my book’s conclusions.

---

Store of Value vs. Currency: Which Comes First?

Some critics lament that Bitcoin isn’t widely used as a currency yet. But ask yourself:

What is the world’s most urgent need in today’s monetary environment?

A medium of exchange? Or a store of value to protect savings from corrupt governments and inflation?

We already have more or less efficient payment systems. But we lack a sound store of value with key properties such as decentralization, censorship resistance and hard coded scarcity. That’s why the market is adopting Bitcoin primarily as a SOV.

Gresham’s Law gives us the formula:

Save the hard money (Bitcoin, gold), spend the USDt, USDC, and fiat.

---

Looking Ahead: From Store of Value to Currency

This doesn’t mean #bitcoin won’t be used as a currency eventually. Once it’s widely adopted as a store of value—perhaps within the next 10–20 years—its volatility will decrease, more people will price goods in bitcoin, and acceptance for payments will grow.

We will get there. Just not through the path many imagined at the beginning.

---

Call It What It Is: A Revolutionary Monetary Transition

Rather than a disruptive revolution, think of this as a revolutionary monetary transition—a new system growing alongside the old, until one inevitably replaces the other.

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Cashu é Ecash para Bitcoin

Cashu é um sistema ecash Chaumian gratuito e de código aberto criado para Bitcoin. Cashu oferece privacidade quase perfeita para usuários de aplicativos Bitcoin de custódia. Ninguém precisa saber quem você é, quanto dinheiro você tem e com quem você faz transações.

O que é Cashu?

Cashu é um novo protocolo ecash para aplicativos de custódia Bitcoin que está totalmente integrado à rede Lightning. Um sistema Ecash consiste em duas partes, a carteira mint e a carteira ecash. Transações Ecash não rastreáveis, instantâneas e sem taxas. Cashu é construído para Bitcoin. As carteiras usam o nó Lightning da casa da moeda para fazer ou receber pagamentos em Bitcoin em troca de ecash. Uma casa da moeda Cashu não sabe quem você é, qual é o seu saldo ou com quem você está negociando.Os usuários de uma casa da moeda podem trocar ecash de forma privada, sem que ninguém saiba quem são as partes envolvidas. Os pagamentos em Bitcoin são executados sem que ninguém possa censurar usuários específicos.

A postagem de David Wagner em 1996 na lista de discussão Cypherpunk é a base da criptografia Cashu. Wagner descreve um sistema ecash usando troca de chave cega Diffie-Hellman em vez de RSA, na qual a implementação original de David Chaum foi baseada.

https://cypherpunks.venona.com/date/1996/03/msg01848.html

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecash

Como isso começou.

https://void.cat/d/2HJKtTEfuDxmDfh3uH9ZoS.webp https://void.cat/d/XyyHFSQYa5vEswzzt6MMq7.webp

Como vão as coisas.

https://void.cat/d/WUrKzsFDnsvUQdFKZChLeS.webp

Como funciona A Carteira Cashu é através de um esquema criptográfico chamado assinaturas cegas, descrito pela primeira vez pelo cypherpunk e criptógrafo David Chaum. Pense assim:você produz uma mensagem secreta e a envolve em um envelope feito de papel carbono que você envia para a casa da moeda. https://void.cat/d/SbEEHCiGFUHWvk4qGv9xCb.webp

A casa da moeda não pode ver o que está dentro do envelope. Ele assina do lado de fora dizendo "qualquer que seja esse segredo, vale 420 Satoshis”e o envia de volta para você. Como o envelope é realmente criptografado, somente você pode abri-lo e ver sua mensagem secreta (agora assinada por carbono). https://void.cat/d/Pakyb6ztW9B7L5ubAQ74eL.webp

Este segredo assinado é na verdade o seu token Ecash e vale Satoshis.

Você pode enviar e receber esses tokens para qualquer outra pessoa como quiser, seja com um mensageiro, via e-mail ou um pombo. A casa da moeda não sabe nada disso.

A anatomia de um token Cashu. https://void.cat/d/JzvxreMoCitmYe2FthAsei.webp

Um breve passo a passo de uma carteira cashu deixará tudo isso bem claro.

Comece abrindo

https://nutstash.app/

Pressione " WALLET " https://void.cat/d/VeCANsaxkkq9YtoPRS26ZK.webp https://void.cat/d/CTmK9GcPGn3i2gHCVXcL5r.webp https://void.cat/d/UWjyjGLS6MzyZvt6zkuUgG.webp https://void.cat/d/HzNtKanCSAJatrMa9yTKwF.webp

Pressione "+ ADD ".

Agora a carteira cashu está aberta… https://void.cat/d/GAYSrNxHEEhctoW37bFPjJ.webp

O próximo passo é deposite alguns sats com a Casa da moeda.

Pra depositar Pressione o botão "MINT". https://void.cat/d/LC5WEDKAzzZoHXxrKZDiWu.webp

Digite a quantidade de sats a ser depositado na carteira cashu depois Pressione " REQUEST MINT ". https://void.cat/d/Pr6foBWBBCq73i8WggbLGG.webp

Você Pode copiar a fatura ou ler o qrcode , no meu caso usei a carteira LNbits pra pagar a fatura de 10 sats , você tem 10 minutos pra pagar fatura. https://void.cat/d/BQerpEtW2H9ANaoW8truJE.webp https://void.cat/d/8PGFBRW64zavDnQJfYQh9C.webp

Agora pra enviar Ecash.

Pressione “SEND” https://void.cat/d/8rkF2dvhJeZWf8GeQhhf2d.webp

Digite 10 , Pressione “SEND” https://void.cat/d/5SK5w6ewgt8wikCuyk7znM.webp

Então o token Ecash usando a assinatura cega da casa da moeda foi criado. https://void.cat/d/PedBMcZPfczZLLymGmfzVq.webp

O Token Ecash foi criado é esse logo abaixo.

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

Se pressionar o botão " send as link "

Então criar link do token Ecash.

https://wallet.nutstash.app/#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 https://void.cat/d/U1UnyxsYgj516YbmkgQNkQ.webp Este token Ecash pode ser compartilhado como você quiser. Você pode enviá-lo por e-mail para alguém, enviá-lo em uma mensagem privada, um SMS ou convertê-lo em um código QR e imprimi-lo. Quem tiver este token pode resgatá-lo com o 10 sats.

Você verá que seu saldo caiu para 20 sats: https://void.cat/d/95AVkevmknKNzqRcnJZwQX.webp

Para resgatar um token Ecash sem o link, pressione o botão “Receive ” https://void.cat/d/UjrbAPn8mj5qGZYVQ1Ba2B.webp

cole-o token Ecash no campo

" token: "pressione "RECEIVE" https://void.cat/d/GZLcBgvHfaB3c5N66ygZyV.webp

Com o Link do token Ecash só pressionar no link vai abrir a tela já preencher automáticamente só pressionar " RECEIVE " https://void.cat/d/ARNkKCtchhFt4NCTkfRJRG.webp

Pra Ativa o Nostr na carteira vai na aba settings , pressione o botão ativa o Nostr. https://void.cat/d/MjoDA1dgueWUFABcQFDVRe.webp

Por padrão ficar ativo pra usar o " Use external Key (nos2x , outros) " Mas Nesse caso não vou usar vou desativar e vou ativa " Edit Nostr Keys " https://void.cat/d/BAA6eFkmK5f7BHzLwYLSGF.webp

Ao pressionar esse botão https://void.cat/d/VTNGVsLvwqfy3dWu4hhMSK.webp é gerar um novo par de chaves privadas e pública , assim podemos usar uma nova chave a cada pagamentos. Aumentando a privacidade no pagamentos.

A pois Ativa o Nostr na carteira , você pode enviar Sats / Ecash via Nostr.

Pressione " Send " https://void.cat/d/R2Svye4XPd2VdHfPxT1DzF.webp

Pressione " Send " https://void.cat/d/AwLeBBr2db2wrTHHUHwEPs.webp

Agora pode adicionar npud / hex / nip-05 pra enviar token. https://void.cat/d/VZR6BUXjG7pm3FDogrDvo4.webp

Pressione " SEND OVER NOSTR " pra enviar o token Ecash. https://void.cat/d/MWveqpmii5dqpioa5a3wVt.webp

Pra quem não tem a carteira nutstash , pode entra no seu cliente Nostr no meu caso e snort nostr , Demora algums minutos pra chegar mensagem com o token Ecash.. https://void.cat/d/MVg3fPD7PAzZUskGCCCcps.webp https://void.cat/d/YNtKuCbQYo1wef7pJcjhKy.webp

Ja se a outra pessoa usar carteira nutstash com a chave pública que você mandou chegar mais rápido. Essa bolinha azul no campo " Indox " Indica que você recebeu o pagamento já está pronto pra ser regastado. https://void.cat/d/So6FAp4wiTUeKBBmRBU2Rv.webp

Pressione "Indox " depois pressione a seta. https://void.cat/d/TqYNYDoyy9fUFas9NFxReJ.webp

Pressione " TRUS MINT " pra recebe os Token Ecash. https://void.cat/d/LP6zUTZ3HDPxd6fLvPPNXB.webp

O aplicativo de resgate Cashu, que permite resgatar tokens Ecash via Lightning.

https://redeem.cashu.me/ https://void.cat/d/Mw9kzDHr4A469EjFNoTHyB.webp

Cola o Token no campo " paste in your Cashu Ecash token.. " https://void.cat/d/SkA3MGJaGGxCjNnzeBhPHP.webp

Pressione " REDEEM " pra converter Ecash em Lightning. https://void.cat/d/693C1yfwYz3P3BQB6f7xXN.webp

Você pode editar e manda já pronto pra pessoa só basta a pessoa ou você aberta em " REDEEM " pra converter Ecash em Lightning.

https://redeem.cashu.me/?token=token ecash=&to=Lightning address

Exemplo:

https://redeem.cashu.me/?token=eyJwcm9vZnMiOlt7ImlkIjoiUEVuMVdLalFoN2pGIiwiYW1vdW50IjoyLCJDIjoiMDJhYWE5OWJiMmUwODQyYjJmNzdmNDRlZWEyZjEzMmNkOTNhZjJlNWU0MzI3ZjhjMTE5ODcxZWNiMTNhMTUxYjY0Iiwic2VjcmV0IjoicE5jb3hFRHJRT1ovTXU4d3d2SlpvMnRIaXBSM3pPYkRrSWJUUlB6VXh5bz0ifSx7ImlkIjoiUEVuMVdLalFoN2pGIiwiYW1vdW50IjoxNiwiQyI6IjAzNDM4ZDc1NmZmMjdmYjgyZmQxNWNhNzg3NzgwNTAyZWU4NzdmMzQ5MmYyMWQzMTMwMzc1NTdlNWNmMDJlOWQ0MCIsInNlY3JldCI6Im9DTXQwUTRVT0MvZWhmd2FVOWt5aGFJZUdHdXhiYUNzQTZ2STh2a0w2N1U9In0seyJpZCI6IlBFbjFXS2pRaDdqRiIsImFtb3VudCI6MzIsIkMiOiIwMmIyMmQ4MDEwZWU5MDA2MWYyNWQzODAyY2UyMDE3ZjAwMmVjMDVmMjM5NjIwNGNkYjllMmU2ODllYWY3YTZkYjIiLCJzZWNyZXQiOiI5ejVVMEdzWHZiUS84Rjd4ZFdYUXRxUDlvWGFyVnBRTzRFdUtzb2JSck1vPSJ9XSwibWludHMiOlt7InVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vbGVnZW5kLmxuYml0cy5jb20vY2FzaHUvYXBpL3YxL29DcXNTR3I1enphTTZxM1hWZU5ZNXQiLCJpZHMiOlsiUEVMVdLalFoN2pGIl19XX0=&to=alexemidio@ln.tips

Obs: o teclado do celular pode adicionar "=" a mais ou corrigir " &to " com "&tô" assim escrevendo errado, tanto erro no link.

" SWAP " transferência de uma carteira para outra. Pressione " INTER-MINT SWAP" https://void.cat/d/PsCdoLAmYpYCChkgqTAE7p.webp

A carteira que você selecionar em cima é a carteira de saídas e a carteira de baixo e a carteira de entrada. https://void.cat/d/VKY6ts6qttJmCaefrduv4K.webp

Agora digita o valor que quer fazer o SWAP. Após Pressione " CONFIRM AMOUNT" https://void.cat/d/WuuQqeC1mSQUufb75eeMbw.webp

Depois Tem que pressionar " SWAP " não esqueça. https://void.cat/d/Eb2ajSaZfzZkBEWBv8tuk.webp

Pronto antes a primeira Carteira tinha 10 Ecash, e segunda carteira tinha 8 Ecash.

Somando 18 Ecash.

Apois o SWAP Agora as duas tem 9.

Somando 18. https://void.cat/d/8yRtSoFyih2D2KEm66h6in.webp

Fazer o backup da sua carteira cashu ecash. Pressione " BACKUP TOKENS " https://void.cat/d/26vtnDiVP4YpDiQmunatko.webp

Você pode editar o nome do backup E pode alterar o local aonde vai salva o arquivo 📂 do backup. Depois só pressionar " Baixar " https://void.cat/d/PQH94o81U23txdmyx3cHEn.webp

Agora pra recuperar a carteira cashu ecash. Pressione " RESTORE " https://void.cat/d/2vkLS1qUCbJ1XXjSLBou25.webp

Pressione " CONTINUAR " https://void.cat/d/PCbT2UPSLtwcZohwbhD85A.webp

Click no espaço em branco vai abrir pra encontrar o arquivo 📂 Do backup.. https://void.cat/d/P1VC7b46oNe62v4puVZ79b.webp

Selecionar o arquivo 📂 de backup. https://void.cat/d/D6FAGxYRquz2WWwNznSAzT.webp

Pressione " CONTINUE" https://void.cat/d/HicRn5e2feSRicgjy6kuC5.webp

Pressione " CONTINUE" https://void.cat/d/VP6uh8bXHz42PBGrPwGq5e.webp

Backup feito com sucesso. Só aberta " Ok " https://void.cat/d/QsZV1umL9DhoPtEXBMfPtY.webp

O eCash pode ser útil em diversas situações, oferecendo várias vantagens. Uma das principais vantagens do uso de tokens eCash é a privacidade que oferece. Como as transações usando eCash são quase impossíveis de rastrear, isso pode ser útil para quem deseja manter sua atividade financeira privada. O eCash pode ser especialmente útil para Pagamento de serviços em áreas rurais , pode ser difícil acessar serviços financeiros tradicionais, como bancos ou caixas eletrônicos. O uso de tokens eCash pode permitir que as pessoas paguem por serviços como transporte , serviços de saúde ou eletricidade sem a necessidade de viajar para áreas urbanas. No entanto, é importante lembrar que o uso do eCash ainda apresenta riscos e desafios. Como o eCash cashubtc ainda é bem novo , pode haver falhas de segurança ou outras vulnerabilidades que ainda não foram identificadas use com cautela poucos Sats.

Obrigado por ler, e espero que você dedique alguns minutos para experimentar o eCash e ver do que se trata melhor.

Alguma artigos e vídeos a baixo.

https://cashu.space/

https://docs.cashu.space/

https://github.com/cashubtc/

https://youtu.be/UNjVc-WYdgE

https://youtu.be/_XmQSpAhFN4

https://youtu.be/zdtRT7phXBo

https://maxmoney.substack.com/p/ecash-for-better-bitcoin-privacy?utm_source=substack&utm_campaign=post_embed&utm_medium=web

https://cypherpunks.venona.com/date/1996/03/msg01848.html

Encontre-me ou envie um zap para nostr alexemidio@ln.tips alexemidio@alexemidio.github.io

Twitter: alexemidio7

@ a39d19ec:3d88f61e

Die Debatte um Migration, Grenzsicherung und Abschiebungen wird in Deutschland meist emotional geführt. Wer fordert, dass illegale Einwanderer abgeschoben werden, sieht sich nicht selten dem Vorwurf des Rassismus ausgesetzt. Doch dieser Vorwurf ist nicht nur sachlich unbegründet, sondern verkehrt die Realität ins Gegenteil: Tatsächlich sind es gerade diejenigen, die hinter jeder Forderung nach Rechtssicherheit eine rassistische Motivation vermuten, die selbst in erster Linie nach Hautfarbe, Herkunft oder Nationalität urteilen.

Das Recht steht über Emotionen

Deutschland ist ein Rechtsstaat. Das bedeutet, dass Regeln nicht nach Bauchgefühl oder politischer Stimmungslage ausgelegt werden können, sondern auf klaren gesetzlichen Grundlagen beruhen müssen. Einer dieser Grundsätze ist in Artikel 16a des Grundgesetzes verankert. Dort heißt es:

„Auf Absatz 1 [Asylrecht] kann sich nicht berufen, wer aus einem Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Gemeinschaften oder aus einem anderen Drittstaat einreist, in dem die Anwendung des Abkommens über die Rechtsstellung der Flüchtlinge und der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention sichergestellt ist.“

Das bedeutet, dass jeder, der über sichere Drittstaaten nach Deutschland einreist, keinen Anspruch auf Asyl hat. Wer dennoch bleibt, hält sich illegal im Land auf und unterliegt den geltenden Regelungen zur Rückführung. Die Forderung nach Abschiebungen ist daher nichts anderes als die Forderung nach der Einhaltung von Recht und Gesetz.

Die Umkehrung des Rassismusbegriffs

Wer einerseits behauptet, dass das deutsche Asyl- und Aufenthaltsrecht strikt durchgesetzt werden soll, und andererseits nicht nach Herkunft oder Hautfarbe unterscheidet, handelt wertneutral. Diejenigen jedoch, die in einer solchen Forderung nach Rechtsstaatlichkeit einen rassistischen Unterton sehen, projizieren ihre eigenen Denkmuster auf andere: Sie unterstellen, dass die Debatte ausschließlich entlang ethnischer, rassistischer oder nationaler Kriterien geführt wird – und genau das ist eine rassistische Denkweise.

Jemand, der illegale Einwanderung kritisiert, tut dies nicht, weil ihn die Herkunft der Menschen interessiert, sondern weil er den Rechtsstaat respektiert. Hingegen erkennt jemand, der hinter dieser Kritik Rassismus wittert, offenbar in erster Linie die „Rasse“ oder Herkunft der betreffenden Personen und reduziert sie darauf.

Finanzielle Belastung statt ideologischer Debatte

Neben der rechtlichen gibt es auch eine ökonomische Komponente. Der deutsche Wohlfahrtsstaat basiert auf einem Solidarprinzip: Die Bürger zahlen in das System ein, um sich gegenseitig in schwierigen Zeiten zu unterstützen. Dieser Wohlstand wurde über Generationen hinweg von denjenigen erarbeitet, die hier seit langem leben. Die Priorität liegt daher darauf, die vorhandenen Mittel zuerst unter denjenigen zu verteilen, die durch Steuern, Sozialabgaben und Arbeit zum Erhalt dieses Systems beitragen – nicht unter denen, die sich durch illegale Einreise und fehlende wirtschaftliche Eigenleistung in das System begeben.

Das ist keine ideologische Frage, sondern eine rein wirtschaftliche Abwägung. Ein Sozialsystem kann nur dann nachhaltig funktionieren, wenn es nicht unbegrenzt belastet wird. Würde Deutschland keine klaren Regeln zur Einwanderung und Abschiebung haben, würde dies unweigerlich zur Überlastung des Sozialstaates führen – mit negativen Konsequenzen für alle.

Sozialpatriotismus

Ein weiterer wichtiger Aspekt ist der Schutz der Arbeitsleistung jener Generationen, die Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mühsam wieder aufgebaut haben. Während oft betont wird, dass die Deutschen moralisch kein Erbe aus der Zeit vor 1945 beanspruchen dürfen – außer der Verantwortung für den Holocaust –, ist es umso bedeutsamer, das neue Erbe nach 1945 zu respektieren, das auf Fleiß, Disziplin und harter Arbeit beruht. Der Wiederaufbau war eine kollektive Leistung deutscher Menschen, deren Früchte nicht bedenkenlos verteilt werden dürfen, sondern vorrangig denjenigen zugutekommen sollten, die dieses Fundament mitgeschaffen oder es über Generationen mitgetragen haben.

Rechtstaatlichkeit ist nicht verhandelbar

Wer sich für eine konsequente Abschiebepraxis ausspricht, tut dies nicht aus rassistischen Motiven, sondern aus Respekt vor der Rechtsstaatlichkeit und den wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen des Landes. Der Vorwurf des Rassismus in diesem Kontext ist daher nicht nur falsch, sondern entlarvt eine selektive Wahrnehmung nach rassistischen Merkmalen bei denjenigen, die ihn erheben.

@ 54609048:8e22ba03

One of the greatest threats facing liberty lovers around the world today is the rise of the biomedical security state—the militarization of healthcare. COVID-19 was merely a compliance test, and sadly, most failed it dismally. But pay attention: “pandemic response,” war-gamed at elite gatherings like Davos, is steadily morphing into official health policy through backdoor mechanisms—diabolical agreements like the WHO Pandemic Treaty, which effectively transfers sovereign pandemic authority to Bill Gates via the WHO; the rollout of digital IDs; and the global push for central bank digital currencies (CBDCs).

This biomedical Leviathan requires all three pillars to be firmly in place before it can unleash a never-ending cycle of pandemics. The goal? To normalize draconian measures like those witnessed in 2020, thereby dismantling not only national sovereignty but, more dangerously, individual sovereignty. A digital ID won't merely confirm your identity—it will track your vaccination status, movements, and even your sentiments, all to determine what privileges you're allowed. Meanwhile, the CBDC will act not just as a means of transaction but as an enforcement mechanism—particularly for dissenters. This is why having an alternative like Bitcoin is not just relevant, but essential.

Vaccines are a cornerstone of this architecture—not only as instruments of control but also as tools for "redesigning" humanity. Welcome to the realm of transhumanism. The merger of man and machine through brain-computer interfaces and artificial intelligence is no longer science fiction; it's a stated goal. In this context, vaccines are not merely preventative medicine but potentially covert instruments of eugenics. This could explain the near-religious devotion to these pharmaceutical products—despite their increasingly controversial outcomes and questionable safety record—especially when mandates enter the equation.

The first piece of property any individual owns upon birth is their body. And yet, this sacred ownership is violated at birth when governments mandate certain injections—often administered without informed parental consent. I've often wondered: Why, despite mounting evidence to the contrary, is vaccine efficacy treated as “settled science”? Why is it taboo to question vaccines or hold their manufacturers accountable for harm, even as we’re expected to believe—without scrutiny—that they are “safe and effective”? We’re told our refusal to comply endangers everyone else who took a product supposedly designed to protect them. Strange, isn’t it? If it’s so effective, why must everyone take it simultaneously?

If you're wondering where this seemingly off-the-cuff rant is headed, here's the point: when the state mandates vaccines, it violates your property rights over your own body. It’s a direct claim of ownership over you, dressed up in moral language like “we're all in this together.” You're guilt-tripped into compliance under the pretense of saving “grandma.” But the truth is, if your rights can be suspended for the collective, they were never yours to begin with.

The biomedical security state will manufacture a permanent state of emergency under the guise of “pandemic preparedness.” You’ll be expected—required, even—to inject yourself with the latest mRNA-based bioweapon, all in the name of public health. Some will die. Others will become incapacitated—zombies or vegetables. The altar of compliance will be merciless towards those that bow before it.

Public health agencies like the CDC, WHO, and NIH are on track to become as powerful as central banks. In fact, they may soon act as arms of monetary policy enforcement. Don’t believe it? Look into what was happening in the repo markets in September 2019—just months before the global shutdown. While you're at it, investigate how many elderly pensioners quietly dropped dead like flies between 2021 and 2023, either from the virus or the vaccine. I’ll let the numbers speak for themselves.

These agencies are becoming the new face of the war machine. Vaccines will be marketed as shields against biological threats—“benevolent” weapons to protect us from invisible enemies. And if history is any guide, the next “9/11-style” event will be biological in nature.

The lunatics running the asylum will seize any such crisis to strip away more of your freedoms while simultaneously redesigning the global economy—consolidating even more power in their hands. For a blueprint of this ambition, look no further than Klaus Schwab’s COVID-19: The Great Reset.

The only antidote is a decentralized parallel system of medicine—one that stands entirely outside the Big Pharma cartel. This will require not only a network of courageous healthcare providers but also a new generation of researchers willing to ask uncomfortable questions and challenge sacred cows in the pursuit of truth. Add independent scientific journals to the mix, and we can finally dismantle the machinery that suppresses unprofitable—but potentially life-saving—treatments.

In my view, none of this is viable at scale without decentralized money. Enter Bitcoin. It’s not a panacea, but it’s a crucial tool for realigning incentives. Bitcoin renders CBDCs dead on arrival and undermines the foundation of any future social credit system—where vaccine compliance will be its crown jewel.

The biomedical state is not coming—it’s already here, creeping into every corner of our lives. It will be the scepter of a new technocratic tyranny. So beware the white coats who worship the state. They are not here to heal—they are here to rule.

A more polished series of articles on this topic is forthcoming. Stay tuned.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

In the twilight of forgotten eras, where the whispers of the past wove through the air like a ghostly melody, two shadowy figures emerged beneath an ageless sky. She was Eve, not the emblem of gardens, but the Mitochondrial Eve—her essence pulsing within the very mitochondria that spark life in each human heartbeat. He stood before her as Adam, not forged from soil, but the Y-Chromosome Adam—guardian of a singular lineage, his heritage dancing through the veins of sons alone.

Their encounter was not one of flesh and blood, but a meeting of symbols, sparked by the insatiable curiosity of humanity, prowling through the labyrinth of DNA, seeking to uncover the tales of their primordial roots.

In the ethereal glimmer of a timeless pool, two figures stood, their outlines rippling like whispered secrets. They were neither lovers nor allies, nor of the same age, yet their names danced together in every headline and wisdom-filled book.

Today, however, was different—they had gathered at the brink of the infinite to unravel the threads of their intertwined destinies.

As the twilight draped its ethereal cloak over the meadow, Eve let her fingers dance through the glimmering starlight, weaving dreams from its luminous threads.
“You know,” she mused, her voice a whisper carried by the evening breeze, “they often ponder why fate kept us apart. Why our paths never crossed beneath the same sun.”

Adam’s lips curled into a wry smile, his eyes reflecting the cosmos above.
“Perhaps they seek a narrative that is neat and orderly, a story with perfect symmetry,” he replied, the gentle rustle of leaves echoing his words.

Eve shook her head softly, her gaze fixed on the swirling constellations.
“Ah, but nature, dear Adam,” she countered with a glimmer of mischief, “is a master of chaos. It delights in the untamed, the beautiful mess of existence.”

In the grand tapestry of time, two figures emerged from the mists of ancient Africa:
Mitochondrial Eve, a woman of vibrant spirit, who roamed the earth around 150,000 to 200,000 years ago, and
Y-Chromosome Adam, a man of strength and wisdom, appearing some 60,000 to 100,000 years later.

Though separated by a chasm of tens of thousands of years, they were not the sole beings of their era, yet in the intricate web of life, they were the most recent ancestors, bearers of unbroken trails of maternal and paternal lines, from which all humanity flows.

Their stories intertwine, echoing through generations, whispers of a time long past.

In a hushed tone, Eve shared the tale of her lineage, weaving a rich tapestry of time.
“Behold my daughters,” she said, her eyes gleaming with pride. “From them sprang another generation, and those daughters too have borne daughters.

This precious thread of life, my mitochondrial DNA, weaves through the tapestry, handed down solely by women.
With each passing age, while many lines faded into shadows—some in mere moments, others enduring for centuries—mine flowed on, a river of continuity and strength.
My legacy, a steadfast whisper across generations, defied the silence of so many others.”

In a dimly lit room, Adam pondered the weight of generations past.
“And what of mine?” he inquired, his voice tinged with a mix of curiosity and melancholy.

He shook his head slowly, as if unraveling a forgotten tale.
“The Y-chromosome, it weaves a delicate thread through the tapestry of life.
Passed from fathers to sons, a fleeting whisper of legacy, vanishing if a man begets no heirs.

Like branches of a grand oak, countless lines have been severed by the cruel hands of war, the relentless march of disease, and the silent grasp of chance.
Mine is not the sole survivor in this timeless struggle, but it is the one that defied extinction—standing resilient against the bottleneck of time, thriving into the present day, a testament to tenacity and fate.”

Their inheritance patterns are straightforward but ruthless.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is stable and abundant, making it a powerful marker for tracing maternal lineage.
It mutates slowly, preserving a clear path backward.

In contrast, the Y-chromosome, despite its utility in tracing paternal lines, is subject to greater volatility: smaller effective population sizes, male-specific extinction events, and the disproportionate reproductive success of a few males—all contribute to a narrower, more chaotic record.

In a dimly lit chamber nestled among ancient trees, Eve’s voice resonated with the wisdom of ages.
“The numbers are not our destiny,” she declared, her finger tracing a pattern in the soil.
“They are mere echoes of survival, tales of those who dared to pass their legacy—a lineage of children begetting children, weaving a tapestry of existence.”

Adam stood by, thoughtful as a storm brewing on a distant horizon.
“Indeed, lineages dissolve like whispers in the wind,” he mused, his gaze fixed on the moonlight filtering through the leaves.
“Some genetic threads endure not from superiority, but sheer fortune. Bottlenecks of fate, the whims of founders, the swirling dance of genetic drift—these unseen forces hold the key to who emerges amidst the chaos of time.”

Together, they pondered the intricate dance of life, where luck and survival intertwined, crafting the very fabric of their world.

Eve paused, her voice a whisper woven with time.
“And so it is,” she mused, “the humans trace their lineage back to me, painting me as the primordial bloom of existence.

Yet, shadows linger—my cousins, neighbors, even rivals shared this space, vibrant as I, yet their stories faded like whispers in the wind.

They bore no daughters to carry forth their tales, only their echoes lingered, lost in the tapestry of forgotten history…”

In the shadow of an ancient, pulsing tree that mirrored their very essence, Adam mused aloud,
“I came along far down the line, but not right at the start.
I am but one among countless men, and in the end, only my Y-line remained, a solitary thread in the tapestry of time.
Your lineage, however, stretches across continents, vibrant and thriving.”

They stood quietly, lost in the vast glow of humanity’s fractal branches, each flicker representing a birth, a connection, a glimmer of possibility.

“Isn’t it amusing?” Adam chuckled, breaking the reverie.
“They pair us as if we were a couple, forever intertwined.”

Eve’s laughter echoed like sweet music.
“Merely symbols, nothing deeper. We are called ancestors, yet we are merely the fortunate survivors of an exquisite genetic lottery.”

Adam continued,
“And yet, the very essence of your spark resides in every human’s mitochondria, while half of them carry my signature in their Y chromosome.”

Eve’s voice was soft as she spoke, weaving a tapestry of understanding.
“Ah, but dear friend, ancestry is far more than mere lineage.
It’s like tracing the delicate threads of a grand tapestry, where some strands are visible, yet countless others lie hidden in the shadows of time.

Each soul walking upon this earth is a descendant of a multitude of individuals from ages long past.
Their names may fade like whispers in the wind, and their unique genes become mere echoes of history.
Yet, amidst this beautiful chaos, the patterns of our heritage forever linger, binding us in an unseen embrace of shared existence.”

As Adam stood beneath the shimmering canopy of stars, he pondered aloud,
“Maybe the tale isn’t solely ours. It’s about the delicate yet unwavering dance of life itself.”

Eve, her eyes reflecting the celestial lights, agreed with a subtle nod.
“Indeed, for no single thread can unveil the entirety of the narrative.
One must gaze upon the grand tapestry woven through time.”

They dimmed away, not with finality, but like starlight traversing the vastness of the cosmos—whispers that remind us history bends and weaves, a spider’s web of fate, woven with threads of fortune, affection, and heartache, where beams of hope dance through the dark.

Within each of us, they linger still, a harmonious symphony resonating with the voices of billions, echoing through time.

---

@ 70c48e4b:00ce3ccb

Hello reader,

I can say from personal experience that crowdfunding has truly changed my life. I found people who believed in my dream of using Bitcoin as money. Every single one of my videos was made possible through crowdfunding. And I’m not alone. I know several Bitcoiners who have raised funds this way, from Africa to Korea to Haiti.

https://images.forbesindia.com/media/images/2022/Jul/img_190501_runwithbitcoin_bg.jpg

Crowdfunding is deeply rooted in the traditional financial world. From raising money for life-saving surgeries to helping someone open a local coffee shop, platforms like GoFundMe, Kickstarter, and Indiegogo have become essential tools for many. But behind all the heartwarming stories and viral campaigns, there’s a side of crowdfunding that doesn’t get talked about enough. Traditional platforms are far from perfect.

They are centralized, which means there’s always someone in control. These platforms can freeze campaigns, delay payouts, or take a significant cut of the money. And often, the people who need funding the most, those without access to strong banking systems or large social media followings are the ones who get left out.

Here are some of the problems I’ve noticed with these platforms:

Problem 1: Inequality in Who Gets Funded

A recent article in The Guardian pointed out something that’s hard to ignore. Crowdfunding often benefits people who already have influence. After the Los Angeles wildfires in January 2025, celebrities like Mandy Moore were able to raise funds quickly. At the same time, everyday people who lost their homes struggled to get noticed.

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/f8398505e58ec3c04685aab06e94048e5d7b6a0c/0_127_4800_2880/master/4800.jpg?width=1300&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none

Angor (https://angor.io/) changes that by removing the need for a central platform to choose which projects get featured or promoted. Anyone can share their project. People can find them on Angor Hub (https://hub.angor.io/), which is a public directory built on the Nostr protocol. Instead of relying on popularity, projects are highlighted based on transparency and engagement.

Problem 2: Platform Dependence and Middlemen

Here’s something people don’t often realize. When you raise funds online, the platform usually has control. It holds the money, decides when to release it, and can freeze everything without warning. This happened during the trucker protests in Canada in 2022. Tens of millions of dollars were raised, but platforms like GoFundMe and GiveSendGo froze the donations. The funds never reached the people they were meant for. Supporters were left confused, and the recipients had no way to access what had been raised for them.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg/800px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg

Angor avoids all of this. It does not hold the funds, does not require approval processes, and only the project creator has control over the campaign. Contributions go directly from supporters to the people building the project, using Bitcoin. It is a peer-to-peer system that works without any gatekeepers. Angor never touches the money. It simply provides the tools people need to raise funds and build, while staying fully in control.

Problem 3: Global Access

Another major issue is that these platforms often exclude people based on where they live. If you're in a region with limited banking access or outside the supported list of countries, you’re likely shut out. In 2023, a woman named Samar in Gaza tried to raise funds for food and medical supplies during a crisis. A friend abroad set up a campaign to help, but the platform froze it due to "location-related concerns." The funds were locked, and the support never arrived in time.

https://images.gofundme.com/EMFtPWSLs3P9SewkzwZ4FtaBQSA=/720x405/https://d2g8igdw686xgo.cloudfront.net/78478731_1709065237698709_r.jpeg

Angor removes these barriers by using Bitcoin, which works globally without needing banks or approvals. Anyone, anywhere, can raise and receive support directly.

Problem 4: Lack of Transparency

Post-funding transparency is often lacking. Backers rarely get consistent updates, making it difficult to track a project's progress or hold anyone accountable.

In 2015, the Zano drone project on Kickstarter raised over £2.3 million from more than 12,000 backers. It promised a compact, smart drone for aerial photography. But as time went on, updates became rare and vague. Backers had little insight into the project’s struggles, and eventually, it was canceled. The company shut down, and most backers never received their product or a refund.

https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/2A0A/production/_86626701_ff861eeb-ce94-43b7-9a43-b30b5adbd7ab.jpg

Angor takes a different approach. Project updates are shared through Nostr, a decentralized and tamper-proof communication protocol. This allows backers to follow progress in real time, with no corporate filters and no blackout periods. Everyone stays in the loop, from start to finish.

Problem 5: Fraud and Accountability

Scams are a growing problem in the crowdfunding world. People can launch fake campaigns, collect donations, and vanish — leaving supporters with empty promises and no way to recover their money. One well-known example was the "Homeless Vet GoFundMe scam" in the U.S.

https://a57.foxnews.com/static.foxnews.com/foxnews.com/content/uploads/2018/09/720/405/1536549443584.jpg

A couple and a homeless man raised over $400,000 by telling a heartwarming story that later turned out to be completely fake. The money was spent on luxury items, and it took a legal investigation to uncover the truth. By the time it was resolved, most of the funds were gone.

This kind of fraud is hard to stop on traditional platforms, because once the funds are transferred, there’s no built-in structure to verify how they’re used.

On Angor, projects are funded in stages, with each step tied to a specific milestone. Bitcoin is held in a shared wallet that only unlocks funds when both the backer and the creator agree that the milestone is complete. If something feels off, backers can choose to stop and recover unspent funds.

This structure discourages scammers from even trying. It adds friction for bad actors, while still giving honest creators the freedom to build trust, deliver value, and raise support transparently. It can’t get any better than this

So, does Angor matter?

For me, it really does. I’m genuinely excited to have my project listed on Angorhub. In a world shaped by AI, open source and transparency light the way forward. Let the work shine on its own.

Have you tried Angor yet? Thanks for tuning in. Catch you next week. Ciao!

Guest blog: Paco nostr:npub1v67clmf4jrezn8hsz28434nc0y5fu65e5esws04djnl2kasxl5tskjmjjk

References:

• The Guardian, 2025: Crowdfunding after LA fires and inequality - https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jan/17/la-fires-gofundme-mandy-moore
• https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/nov/15/johnny-bobbitt-gofundme-scam-arrest-viral-gas-story-couple-charged
• FundsforNGOs: The Success Story of an NGO That Scaled with Limited Resources

https://www2.fundsforngos.org/articles/the-success-story-of-an-ngo-that-scaled-with-limited-resources/ • https://www.freightwaves.com/news/gofundme-freezes-37m-until-organizers-of-canada-trucker-convoy-detail-spending-plan

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Nestled in Lower Saxony’s East Frisia region, Leer is a charming canal town known for its historic tea culture, maritime heritage, and postcard-worthy Altstadt (Old Town). With colorful gabled houses, cobbled streets, and a relaxed pace, Leer offers a taste of northern Germany’s quiet beauty—without the crowds.

🏘️ Things to See & Do in Leer

🚶‍♂️ Altstadt (Old Town)

• Stroll through narrow lanes lined with 17th and 18th-century houses
• Highlights include Waageplatz, the Reformed Church, and Evenburg Castle
• Perfect for a slow wander, especially during golden hour

🛶 Canal Walks & Harbor

• Take a peaceful walk along the Leda and Ems rivers
• Watch boats pass through the small port and historic trading canals
• In summer, you can even book a scenic canal cruise

🍵 East Frisian Tea Culture

• Leer is considered the tea capital of Germany
• Visit the Bünting Teemuseum to learn about the centuries-old tea tradition
• Don’t miss a tea session with rock sugar and cream—served the traditional East Frisian way

🌳 Nature Nearby

• Cycle or walk through the flat green landscapes of East Frisia
• Great routes along rivers and meadows, with plenty of windmills and grazing sheep
• A short drive takes you to the Wadden Sea, a UNESCO site and tidal wonder

🍽️ Local Eats

• Sample Matjes (pickled herring), smoked fish, and hearty stews
• East Frisian cakes pair beautifully with black tea
• Cozy inns and riverside cafés make for a warm, welcoming meal

🚆 Getting There

• Easily accessible by train from Bremen or Emden
• Compact and walkable—no car needed in the town center

Leer is a peaceful, picturesque retreat where canals, culture, and comfort flow together. Whether you're cycling through the countryside or sipping tea by the harbor, it’s a place to unwind and soak up the slow life.

@ d360efec:14907b5f

ความทรงจำเรานั้นเชื่อได้แน่หรือ ?

"เพราะจิตเราเกิดดับทุกเสี้ยววินาที ทุกความทรงจำจึงสร้างขึ้นมาใหม่เสมอ ดังนั้นมันก็ไม่เหมือนต้นฉบับเป็นธรรมดา แต่ยังคงเค้าโครงเดิมอยู่ ความเปลี่ยนแปลงจึงเป็นนิรันดร์ค่ะ" - Lina Engword

เรามักจะคิดว่าความทรงจำของเราคือการบันทึกเหตุการณ์ในอดีตไว้อย่างแม่นยำ เหมือนการดูวิดีโอ 📼 หรือเปิดไฟล์คอมพิวเตอร์ 💾 แต่ในความเป็นจริงแล้ว แนวคิดนี้อาจไม่ใช่ภาพที่สมบูรณ์ บทความที่เรานำมาวิเคราะห์นี้ได้นำเสนอข้อคิดที่น่าสนใจเกี่ยวกับธรรมชาติของความทรงจำมนุษย์ ความน่าเชื่อถือของมัน และเชื่อมโยงไปถึงความจำเป็นในการฝึกฝนจิตตามหลักพุทธศาสนาเพื่อเข้าถึงความจริงที่เที่ยงแท้ 🧘‍♀️🔍

ความทรงจำไม่ใช่การบันทึก แต่เป็นการสร้างใหม่ 🏗️🧩

ประเด็นสำคัญที่บทความชี้ให้เห็นคือ ความทรงจำของมนุษย์ไม่ได้ทำงานเหมือนการ "บันทึก" เหตุการณ์ไว้ตายตัว 📼❌ แต่เปรียบเสมือน "ชิ้นส่วนของโค้ด" 💻 ที่จะถูก "สร้างขึ้นใหม่" 🏗️ ทุกครั้งที่เราพยายามระลึกถึง นั่นหมายความว่า ทุกครั้งที่เราดึงความทรงจำเก่าๆ กลับมา มันไม่ใช่การเปิดไฟล์เดิมซ้ำๆ แต่เป็นการประกอบชิ้นส่วนเหล่านั้นขึ้นมาใหม่ในห้วงเวลานั้นๆ กระบวนการนี้เองที่เปิดโอกาสให้เกิดการ "เติมเต็ม" ✨ หรือ "แก้ไข" ✏️ ข้อมูลในความทรงจำอยู่เสมอ ทำให้ความทรงจำที่เราเพิ่งนึกถึงอาจไม่เหมือนกับความทรงจำครั้งก่อนหน้าเสียทีเดียว 🔄

การปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผลและความคุ้นเคย 🤔➕🏠

สิ่งที่น่าสนใจอย่างยิ่งคือ ในกระบวนการ "สร้างใหม่" หรือ "ประกอบ" ความทรงจำขึ้นมานี้ มนุษย์มักจะเติม "เหตุผล"💡 หรือใส่สิ่งที่ตนเอง "คุ้นเคย" 🏠 ลงไปในเรื่องราวที่ระลึกได้เสมอ แม้ว่าสิ่งเหล่านั้นอาจจะไม่ได้เกิดขึ้นจริงหรือไม่เกี่ยวข้องโดยตรงกับเหตุการณ์นั้นๆ ก็ตาม ยกตัวอย่างเช่น เมื่อเราเล่าเรื่องในอดีต เรามักจะอธิบายว่าทำไมเราถึงทำสิ่งนั้น หรือทำไมเหตุการณ์นี้ถึงเกิดขึ้น โดยใส่เหตุผลที่เราคิดว่าสมเหตุสมผลในปัจจุบันลงไป สิ่งนี้ทำให้เรื่องราวในความทรงจำของเราดูมีความเชื่อมโยงและฟังดู "จริง" ✅ มากขึ้นในสายตาของเราเอง

เมื่อเราใส่เหตุผลหรือรายละเอียดที่คุ้นเคยลงไปในความทรงจำบ่อยครั้งเข้า มันก็จะยิ่งทำให้เรา "เชื่อ" 👍 โดยสนิทใจว่าสิ่งที่เราระลึกได้นั้นคือความจริงทั้งหมด ทั้งที่ความเป็นจริงของเหตุการณ์ดั้งเดิมอาจแตกต่างออกไป 🤥 นี่คือสาเหตุว่าทำไมคนสองคนจึงอาจมีความทรงจำเกี่ยวกับเหตุการณ์เดียวกันที่แตกต่างกันอย่างสิ้นเชิง ซึ่งปรากฏการณ์นี้สามารถอธิบายได้ดีด้วยตัวอย่างคลาสสิกในภาพยนตร์เรื่อง "ราโชมอน" (Rashomon) 🎬 ที่นำเสนอเหตุการณ์เดียวผ่านมุมมองและความทรงจำของตัวละครที่ขัดแย้งกันอย่างสิ้นเชิง แต่ทุกคนต่างเชื่อในสิ่งที่ตนเองจำได้ว่าเป็นความจริง 🤔❓

เครื่องมือและกระบวนการช่วยตรวจสอบความจริง 📱📹📝🔍

จากข้อจำกัดโดยธรรมชาติของความทรงจำนี้เอง ทำให้เห็นว่าเราไม่สามารถพึ่งพาสิ่งที่ 'จำได้' เพียงอย่างเดียวได้หากต้องการเข้าถึงความจริงที่เที่ยงแท้ เราจึงจำเป็นต้องมี 'กระบวนการตรวจสอบ' 🤔🔍 มาช่วยยืนยันหรือแก้ไขข้อมูลในความทรงจำ

ในยุคปัจจุบัน เรามีเครื่องมือภายนอกมากมายที่ช่วยในกระบวนการนี้ เช่น กล้องจากสมาร์ทโฟน 📱 หรือกล้องวงจรปิด 📹 ที่บันทึกเหตุการณ์ต่างๆ ไว้ได้อย่างเป็นกลาง ทำให้เรามี 'หลักฐาน' 📄 ที่เป็นรูปธรรมไว้อ้างอิงเพื่อเปรียบเทียบกับความทรงจำส่วนตัว ซึ่งบ่อยครั้งสิ่งที่กล้องเห็นนั้น 'ตรงกับความจริง' ✅ ในมุมมองที่ปราศจากอคติมากกว่าสิ่งที่ใจเราจำได้ การจดบันทึกด้วยเสียง 🎤 หรือการจดบันทึกเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร 📝 ในทันที ก็เป็นอีกวิธีหนึ่งที่ช่วย 'ตรึง' ข้อมูลเบื้องต้นไว้ได้ระดับหนึ่งเช่นกัน ✍️

นอกจากเครื่องมือภายนอกแล้ว 'กระบวนการตรวจสอบเชิงจิตวิทยา' 🤔🧠 ที่เป็นระบบ ก็สามารถช่วยให้มนุษย์ค้นพบความจริงได้เช่นกัน ไม่ว่าจะเป็นกระบวนการซักถามในเชิงนิติวิทยาศาสตร์ 👮‍♀️ หรือแม้กระทั่งการฝึกฝนจิตเพื่อให้สามารถสังเกตการณ์ทำงานของตนเองได้อย่างละเอียดลึกซึ้ง ซึ่งนำเราไปสู่แนวคิดตามหลักพุทธศาสนา...

ทำไมพุทธศาสนาจึงสอนไม่ให้เชื่อแม้เป็นความคิดตัวเอง? 🙏🧠❌

จากธรรมชาติของความทรงจำและกระบวนการปรุงแต่งของจิตใจที่อธิบายมานี้เอง ทำให้เราเห็นความเชื่อมโยงกับหลักคำสอนในพุทธศาสนา 🙏 ที่เน้นย้ำให้เรา "ไม่เชื่อแม้แต่ความคิดตัวเอง" 🧠❌ อย่างปราศจากการพิจารณา เพราะความคิด อารมณ์ ความทรงจำ หรือแม้แต่ความรู้สึกมั่นใจอย่างแรงกล้าที่เรามีนั้น อาจถูกสร้างขึ้นหรือปรุงแต่งโดยกลไกของจิตใจที่ไม่ได้สะท้อนความจริงทั้งหมด 🤥

พุทธศาสนาชี้ให้เห็นว่า การจะเข้าถึงความจริงที่แท้จริงได้นั้น 🔍 จำเป็นต้องมีกระบวนการตรวจสอบภายในจิตใจ เปรียบเสมือนการสร้าง "อัลกอริทึม" 🤖 เพื่อตรวจทานว่าสิ่งที่เราคิดหรือจำได้นั้นเป็นความจริงหรือไม่ ✅❌ การจะทำเช่นนี้ได้ ไม่ใช่เรื่องง่าย และต้องอาศัยการฝึกฝนจิตอย่าง "สมาธิอย่างมาก" 🧘‍♂️🧘‍♀️ เพื่อให้จิตมีความตั้งมั่น เป็นระบบ และสามารถ "เห็นการดำเนินไปของจิตได้อย่างเป็นระบบ" 👀🔬 เห็นว่าจิตปรุงแต่งความทรงจำอย่างไร เห็นว่าเหตุผลที่เราใส่เข้าไปนั้นจริงหรือไม่ เป็นเพียงการตีความ หรือเป็นเพียงสิ่งที่ใจเราอยากให้เป็น

บทความยังกล่าวเสริมว่า ความทรงจำที่ "สด" ✨ หรือใกล้เคียงกับเวลาที่เกิดเหตุการณ์นั้นมักจะมีความน่าเชื่อถือมากกว่า 👍 แม้จะดู "ดิบๆ" หรือไม่ผ่านการปรุงแต่งมากนัก ซึ่งสอดคล้องกับแนวคิดที่ว่ายิ่งระยะเวลาผ่านไปนานเท่าไหร่ ⏳ ยิ่งมีการเรียกคืนความทรงจำนั้นๆ บ่อยครั้ง ความทรงจำก็ยิ่งมีโอกาสถูกแก้ไข เติมเต็ม หรือปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผลและความคุ้นเคยมากขึ้นเท่านั้น 🔄✏️

"ใดๆในโลกนั้นคือสมมุติ ความคิดความทรงจำ ก็เป็นสมมุติเพียง แต่เราต้องรู้จักใช้สมมุติให้เป็นประโยชน์ และรู้จักใช้มันให้เป็นเพื่อดำรงอยู่บนโลก"

สรุป ✨🧠🔍

โดยสรุปแล้ว บทความนี้เตือนใจเราว่า ความทรงจำของเราไม่ใช่กล้องวิดีโอที่บันทึกทุกอย่างไว้แม่นยำ 📼❌ แต่เป็นกระบวนการสร้างสรรค์ที่ซับซ้อนซึ่งมีแนวโน้มที่จะถูกปรุงแต่งด้วยเหตุผล ความคุ้นเคย และการตีความของเราเอง 🏗️🤔🏠 ความมั่นใจที่เรามีต่อสิ่งที่จำได้นั้น ไม่ได้เป็นหลักประกันว่าเป็นความจริงเสมอไป 👍🤥

การตระหนักถึงธรรมชาติข้อนี้ของจิต และการใช้เครื่องมือภายนอก 📱📹📝 รวมถึงการฝึกฝนจิตให้สามารถสังเกตการณ์ทำงานของมันได้อย่างละเอียดรอบคอบตามหลักพุทธศาสนา 🙏🧘‍♀️ จึงเป็นกุญแจสำคัญที่จะช่วยให้เราสามารถแยกแยะระหว่าง "ความจริง" ✅ กับ "สิ่งที่จิตปรุงแต่งขึ้น" 🤥 ได้มากขึ้น และช่วยให้เราเข้าใกล้ความเข้าใจในธรรมชาติของสรรพสิ่งได้อย่างเที่ยงตรง ไม่หลงติดอยู่ในวังวนของความทรงจำและความคิดที่อาจบิดเบือนไปจากความเป็นจริง 🔄

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**#ความทรงจำ #จิตวิทยา #พุทธศาสนา #สมอง #สมาธิ #การฝึกจิต #ราโชมอน #ความจริง #ไม่เชื่อความคิด #ธรรมชาติของจิต #พัฒนาตนเอง #บทความน่ารู้ #เทคโนโลยี #บันทึกความจริง #พระอภิธรรม #พระหฤทัยสูตร #LinaEngword **

@ d360efec:14907b5f

“คณิตศาสตร์” กุญแจเวทมนตร์ นักพนัน และ นักลงทุน ในนครเฮรันเทล นามกระฉ่อนเลื่องลือในหมู่นักเสี่ยงโชค เมื่อเอ่ยถึง “การพนัน” ภาพที่ชาวเมืองมักนึกถึงคือ “ยาจกข้างถนน”

มิใช่เรื่องแปลกประหลาดอันใด เพราะเป็นที่ร่ำลือกันว่า จ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ผู้คุมบ่อนพนัน มักร่ายเวทมนตร์สร้างเกมให้ตนเองได้เปรียบ เพื่อดูดกลืนเงินทองของผู้มาเยือน ดังนั้น การที่สามัญชนจะพิชิตเกมในระยะยาว จึงเป็นดั่งเงามายาที่จับต้องมิได้ กระนั้น ยังมีตำนานกล่าวขานถึงผู้กล้า ที่สามารถสร้างชื่อจาก “เกมพนัน” เช่น เวเนสซา รุสโซ นักเวทย์มนตร์ผู้ใช้กฎหมายแห่งแดนไกล ใช้เวลายาวนานถึงหกปี ร่ายเวทย์สะสมทรัพย์สินกว่าร้อยล้านเหรียญทอง จากการเล่นเกมไพ่ศักดิ์สิทธิ์ “โป๊กเกอร์” หรือแม้แต่ เอ็ดเวิร์ด โอ. ทอร์ป จอมปราชญ์ผู้สร้างกำไรถึงสามแสนหกหมื่นเหรียญทอง ภายในเจ็ดราตรี จากการเล่นเกมไพ่มนตรา “แบล็กแจ็ก” ด้วยเงินทุนตั้งต้นเพียงสามแสนสามหมื่นเหรียญทอง คิดเป็นอัตราเวทย์ตอบแทนร้อยสิบส่วน! เหล่าจอมยุทธ์เหล่านี้ มิได้อาศัยเพียงโชคช่วยชั่วครั้งชั่วคราวแล้วเลือนหาย แต่พวกเขากลับสามารถร่ายเวทย์สร้างผลตอบแทนระยะยาว จนเรียกได้ว่า ใช้ “หอคอยรัตติกาล” เป็นแหล่งเสบียงเลี้ยงชีพ โดยกุญแจเวทย์ที่บุคคลเหล่านี้ใช้ ก็คือ “คณิตศาสตร์” เหตุใด “คณิตศาสตร์” จึงช่วยให้ผู้คนเอาชนะ “การพนัน” ได้? และนอกจาก “การพนัน” แล้ว “คณิตศาสตร์” ยังสามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับสิ่งใดได้อีก? นักเล่าเรื่องแห่งเฮรันเทล จักไขปริศนาให้ฟัง เบื้องต้น ขอให้ท่านลองพิจารณาตนเอง ว่าเคยประสบพบพานเหตุการณ์เหล่านี้หรือไม่: * ตั้งมั่นว่า จักเสี่ยงโชคให้ได้กำไรเพียงเล็กน้อย แล้วจักหยุดพัก * แต่หากพลาดท่าเสียที จักจำกัดการสูญเสียให้เท่าทุนเดิมที่ตั้งไว้ * ครั้นเมื่อเวทมนตร์เข้าข้าง ได้กำไรมาแล้ว กลับโลภโมโทสัน อยากได้เพิ่มอีกนิด จึงร่ายเวทย์ต่อ * ทว่ากำไรเริ่มร่อยหรอ จนเหลือเพียงทุนเดิม สุดท้ายทุนที่ตั้งไว้คราแรกก็มลายสิ้น * จำต้องหาเงินทองมาลงเพิ่ม หวังทวงทุนคืน และพบว่าต้องสูญเสียเงินก้อนนั้นไปในห้วงเวลาต่อมา ลำดับเหตุการณ์ดังกล่าว เรียกได้ว่าเป็น “วงจรอุบาทว์” สำหรับนักพนันมากมายในเฮรันเทล ปริศนาที่ตามมาก็คือ เหตุใด “วงจรอุบาทว์” นี้จึงเกิดขึ้นซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่า? ส่วนหนึ่ง ย่อมเป็นเพราะอารมณ์อันแปรปรวนในการเสี่ยงโชคของแต่ละคน แต่อีกส่วนที่สำคัญยิ่งกว่า ต้องกล่าวว่าเป็นผลจาก “กลไกต้องสาป” ของจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ซึ่งต้องกล่าวว่า เหล่าเจ้าของหอคอยรัตติกาลนั้น จักใช้หลักการทำนองเดียวกับ “สมาคมพ่อค้าผู้พิทักษ์” คือจักเก็บเงินทองจากชนจำนวนมาก เพื่อนำมาจ่ายให้กับชนเพียงหยิบมือ เพื่อล่อลวงให้ชนทั้งหลายเสี่ยงโชคต่อไป หรือทำให้เหล่านักพนันหวังว่า จักเป็นผู้โชคดีเฉกเช่นพวกเขาบ้าง แม้จะมีผู้โชคดีที่สามารถได้กำไรในเบื้องต้น แต่ในบั้นปลายก็จักพ่ายแพ้อยู่ดี ซึ่งเป็นไปตาม “กฎแห่งจำนวนมหาศาล” เพราะจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาลนั้น ได้คำนวณและออกแบบระบบเกมที่ตนเองได้เปรียบในระยะยาวแล้ว จากตำนานนี้ ย่อมประจักษ์ชัดว่า แม้การพนันจักเป็นเรื่องของดวงชะตา แต่ก็ถูกรังสรรค์ขึ้นจากการคำนวณทางคณิตศาสตร์ ดังนั้น หากปรารถนาจะหาหนทางเอาชนะจ้าวแห่งหอคอยรัตติกาล ก็จำต้องเข้าใจ “คณิตศาสตร์” เสียก่อน ทีนี้ จงเงี่ยหูฟัง แล้วท่านจักได้ยินข้าไขปริศนา: ๑. ปริศนาแห่ง “กำไรคาดหวัง” สำหรับการแสวงหา “เกมเสี่ยงทาย” ที่ควรค่าแก่การเล่น หรือการเสี่ยง สิ่งแรกที่นักพนันพึงกระทำคือ “การประเมินกำไรคาดหวัง” หรือ “เวทคำนวณอนาคต” “กำไรคาดหวัง” ถูกคิดค้นโดย คริสเตียน ฮอยเกนส์ นักปราชญ์เวทย์ชาวดัตช์ เพื่อประเมินว่าเกมพนันแบบใดควรค่าแก่การเล่น ซึ่งมิใช่เพียงแค่การประเมินโอกาสแห่งชัยชนะเท่านั้น แต่ต้องคิดรวมขนาดของเงินเดิมพันไปด้วย โดยสูตรเวทย์คือ: กำไรคาดหวัง = (เงินที่ได้ x โอกาสชนะ) + (เงินที่เสีย x โอกาสแพ้) ดังนั้น หากปรารถนาจะสะสม “ทองคำมายา” ในระยะยาว จงเลือกเกมที่มี “กำไรคาดหวัง” เป็นบวก แต่หากพลาดพลั้งเข้าไปเล่นเกมที่ “กำไรคาดหวัง” เป็นลบ และบังเอิญว่าโชคชะตาเล่นตลกให้ได้เงินทองมาครอง พึงละทิ้งเกมนั้นเสียโดยพลัน เพราะท้ายที่สุดหากยังคงเล่นต่อไป ผู้อับโชคผู้นั้นก็คือตัวท่านเอง อย่างไรก็ตาม โดยธรรมดาแล้ว “กำไรคาดหวัง” ของเกมพนันที่มีเจ้ามือมักจักติดลบ จึงเป็นเรื่องยากยิ่งที่จะเอาชนะได้ เฉกเช่นตัวอย่างที่เราเห็น คือเกมในบ่อนพนัน หรือแม้แต่ “สลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล” ก็ล้วนเป็นเกมที่มี “กำไรคาดหวัง” ติดลบทั้งสิ้น นอกจาก “กำไรคาดหวัง” จักถูกใช้กับการพนันได้แล้ว หลักเวทย์ “คณิตศาสตร์” ก็ยังสามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับการลงทุนได้ไม่แตกต่างกัน ตัวอย่างเช่น หากท่านเก็บสถิติข้อมูลการลงทุนของตนเอง แล้วพบว่ามีเพียงสามสิบส่วนร้อยเท่านั้น ที่ท่านซื้อ “ศิลาแห่งโชค” แล้วสร้างผลตอบแทนเป็นบวก แต่ท่านยังคงปรารถนาความสำเร็จในการลงทุน ก็จงจำกัดการขาดทุนแต่ละคราให้น้อยเข้าไว้ เช่น -๕% และปล่อยให้มีกำไรในแต่ละคราที่ลงทุน เช่น อย่างน้อย ๒๐% ซึ่งจากการใช้กลยุทธ์นี้ ท่านจักมี “กำไรคาดหวัง” = (๒๐% x ๐.๓) + (-๕% x ๐.๗) = ๒.๕% จักเห็นได้ว่า แม้ท่านจักมีจำนวนคราที่ขาดทุนบ่อยครั้ง แต่ก็ยังสามารถสร้างกำไรได้ หากคราที่กำไรนั้น สามารถทำเงินทองเป็นจำนวนมากได้ ๒. ปริศนาแห่ง “การบริหารหน้าตัก” หรือ “การบริหารเงินทุน” แม้ว่าท่านจักรับรู้ “กำไรคาดหวัง” แล้ว แต่หากท่านเผชิญหน้ากับการขาดทุนต่อเนื่องกัน ท่านก็อาจหมดเนื้อหมดตัวก่อนถึงคราที่จะกอบโกยเงินทองจากคราที่กำไร วิธีคลายปมปริศนานี้ก็คือ การมิลงเงินทองทั้งหมดของท่านในการลงทุนเพียงคราเดียว ซึ่งนอกจากการกระจายความเสี่ยงในการลงทุนหลาย “ศิลาแห่งโชค” หรือหลาย “เกมเสี่ยงทาย” แล้ว ท่านอาจกำหนดขนาดของการลงทุนแต่ละคราให้มิมากเกินไป แบบง่าย ๆ เช่น มิเกิน ๑๐% ของเงินลงทุนทั้งหมด หรือท่านอาจคำนวณขนาดของการลงทุนแต่ละคราด้วยสูตรทางคณิตศาสตร์ เช่น สูตร “การขาดทุนสูงสุดที่ท่านรับได้ (Value at Risk)” หรือ สูตร “ขนาดเดิมพันที่เหมาะสม (Kelly Formula)” ๓. ปริศนาแห่ง “อคติ” ในวงการพนัน มักมีอคติหนึ่งที่บังเกิดบ่อยครั้งกับผู้คน คือ “Gambler's Fallacy” หรือ “ความเชื่อผิด ๆ แห่งนักพนัน” ว่าหากเหตุการณ์หนึ่งบังเกิดบ่อยครั้งกว่าปรกติในช่วงเวลาหนึ่ง ๆ เหตุการณ์นั้นจักบังเกิดบ่อยครั้งน้อยลงในอนาคต ทั้ง ๆ ที่เหตุการณ์เหล่านั้นเป็นอิสระจากกันในทางสถิติ ยกตัวอย่างเช่น หากโยนเหรียญมนตราออกหัวไปแล้วสามครา ในคราที่สี่ หลายคนอาจคิดว่าโอกาสออกก้อยมากกว่าหัว แม้ว่าการโยนเหรียญแต่ละคราจะมิได้ส่งผลอันใดต่อกันเลย (จะโยนกี่ครา โอกาสหัวหรือก้อย ก็คือ ๕๐:๕๐ อยู่ยั่งยืน) หรือแม้กระทั่ง “สลากกินแบ่งรัฐบาล” มีหลายคนที่ซื้อเลขซ้ำกัน เพื่อหวังว่าจะถูกในงวดต่อ ๆ ไป ในวงการการลงทุน ก็มีลักษณะที่คล้ายคลึงกัน เช่น หาก “ศิลาแห่งโชค A” ราคาตกต่ำลงมาห้าครา บางคนอาจคิดว่าในคราที่หก ราคาของมันจักต้องเด้งขึ้นมา ซึ่งในความเป็นจริง หาได้เป็นเช่นนั้นเสมอไป จักเห็นได้ว่า แท้จริงแล้ว ไม่ว่าจักเป็น “เกมเสี่ยงทายแห่งโชคชะตา” หรือ “การผจญภัยในตลาดทุน” หากท่านมีความเข้าใจ และนำ “คณิตศาสตร์” เข้ามาเป็นรากฐาน มันก็อาจนำพาตัวท่านเอง ไปสู่จุดที่ได้เปรียบในเกมนั้น ได้เฉกเช่นกัน.. สูตรเวทย์มนตร์ที่ปรากฏในตำนาน: * กำไรคาดหวัง = (เงินที่ได้ x โอกาสชนะ) + (เงินที่เสีย x โอกาสแพ้) คำเตือนจากนักเล่าเรื่องแห่งเฮรันเทล: "พึงระลึกไว้เสมอว่า โชคชะตาเป็นสิ่งที่คาดเดาได้ยาก แม้เวทมนตร์คณิตศาสตร์จักช่วยนำทาง แต่ท้ายที่สุดแล้ว ความสำเร็จยังคงขึ้นอยู่กับการตัดสินใจและสติปัญญาของท่านเอง"

หวังว่าตำนานบทนี้จักเป็นประโยชน์แก่ท่านนะคะ

@ ef53426a:7e988851

In 1997, an IBM supercomputer beat the sport’s greatest mind. Deep Blue II became the first machine to defeat a chess world champion — Garry Kasparov. Humans would never win at chess again.

But if computers have been better than us for so long, why do we still play chess? Don’t we always play to win?

Well, even though we’re unlikely to record a victory over the machines, chess has become more popular than ever. According to a June 2023 PBS feature, subscriptions to chess clubs have soared and earlier this year chess.com servers overloaded due to a the highest number of active users ever.

This is not just a fad based on The Queen’s Gambit (a 2020 Netflix adaptation). Over 100m people have registered on chess.com since then, and books, YouTube channels and other content is flourishing. A Grandmaster recently visited the city in Spain where I live, and thousands of people came to watch her play.

Here’s my theory behind the recent revival of chess. The answer to why we still play is what’s behind the game of chess — strategy and spatial recognition.

It’s a system of training ourselves to appreciate cause and consequence, to improve our decision making. The best players train against computers, knowing they can’t win, but they can learn.

The same is true with today’s writing landscape. Professionals are panicking that machines will produce most of the content we’ll read from now on. Writing will change — that’s true. AI can write faster and more (grammatically) accurately.

But what’s behind writing? 🧠 Patterns of structured thought 🗣️ Sound rhetoric 🖊️ The creativity of language 📚 The beauty of stories.

Writing is a skill that we still need to train.

If we don’t, how will we know what makes our words effective? How will we communicate? How will we make sense of our past?

We can use AI to help, but the words it processes belong to us.

Just as we have recognised the importance of the concepts behind chess, we must do the same for the process of writing.

@ 37c10448:f8256861

Title H1

Hello !

@ 9f9fda7f:e5e82a43

Untitled wefwef

typescript function fetchData() { return fetch('https://api.example.com/data') .then(response => response.json()) .then(data => console.log(data)) .catch(error => console.error('Error fetching data:', error)); }

wefwe https://stas.layer3.press/articles/9776f286-c73e-42ae-9ac4-d5357ab65cf9

@ 53257040:b43c5005

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

حاليا كتب ابن القيم ببلاش على موقع google play books

كتُب بواسطة الإمام أبي عبدالله محمد بن أبي بكر بن أيوب ابن قيم الجوزية على Google Play بس عيب الكتب ذي بالذات انها بيجي معاها drm من أدوبي، ففي حل للموضوع ذا وله طريقة، بس قبل كذا بوريكم كيف "تصدرون" الكتب من الموقع لأننا بنحتاجها

1. تروح لموقع جوجل بلاي للكتب
2. بعد ما تضيف الكتب لحسابك تروح عند مكتبتك
3. دوس على ال3 نقاط عند الكتاب اللي تبغاه
4. تدوس على تصدير وتنزل ملف الacsm اللي بنحتاجه

طريقة ازالة الحماية: استخدام calibre مع الاضافات

1. بتحتاج تطبيق calibre - E-book management على حاسوبك وتثبت عليها اضافتي DeDRM و DeACSM وتعيد تشغيل calibre
2. تفتح calibre وتروح عند الاعدادت>الاضافات
3. تبحث عن DeACSM وتأكد انك مثبتها
4. تضغط مرتين عليها عشان يقتح
5. تدوس على connect anonymous authorization
6. بيجيك نافذة تحدد فيها نسخة ade، سيبها زي ما هي
7. انتظر الين يعطيك رسالة انه نجح
8. تدوس على ok ومن ثم تطبيق او apply
9. يفضل تسوي اعادة تشغيل للبرنامج (ما ادري اذا هي مطلوبة)
10. تسوي استيراد لملفات acsm وتنتظر الين يجيك الpdf ومبروك

@ 2b24a1fa:17750f64

Es fühlt sich wie ein Staatsstreich an. Vielleicht ist es auch einer. Ein abgewählter Bundestag genehmigt mittels Grundgesetzänderung die größte Staatsverschuldung in der Geschichte Deutschlands mit der unvorstellbaren Summe von 1000 Milliarden Euro, also eine Billion.

https://soundcloud.com/radiomuenchen/vom-schuldenstaatsstreich-zur-finanzdiktatur-von-rob-kenius?\ Jedem muss klar sein, wohin diese Gelder aus den Taschen der Steuerzahler wandern und wer, wenn in Rüstung, Militärhilfen, Konzern-Subventionen investiert wird, die Leidtragenden sind: Kinder, Rentner, kleine Firmen und Betriebe, sozial Schwache, Kranke, Arbeitslose, Obdachlose.

\ Die Kräfte aus Finanzeliten, Militär, Rüstungsindustrie, regierenden Parteien und den staatstragenden Medien werden dafür immer stärker.

\ Hören Sie den Beitrag „Vom Schuldenstaatsstreich zur Finanzdiktatur“ von Rob Kenius, der zunächst beim Overton-Magazin erschienen war: https://overton-magazin.de/top-story/vom-schuldenstaatsstreich-zur-finanzdiktatur-in-leicht-verstaendlicher-sprache/

Sprecherin: Sabrina Khalil

Redaktion: Jonny Rieder

Bild: Bund der Steuerzahler / Janek Werner

Rob Kenius betreibt die systemkritische Webseite kritlit.de und den Podcast 9min Denksport. Der Text Vom Schuldenstaatsstreich zur Finanzdiktatur ist davon die 14. Folge.

Radio München\ www.radiomuenchen.net/​\ @radiomuenchen\ www.facebook.com/radiomuenchen\ www.instagram.com/radio_muenchen/\ twitter.com/RadioMuenchen\ odysee.com/@RadioMuenchen.net:9\ rumble.com/user/RadioMunchen

Radio München ist eine gemeinnützige Unternehmung.\ Wir freuen uns, wenn Sie unsere Arbeit unterstützen.

GLS-Bank\ IBAN: DE65 4306 0967 8217 9867 00\ BIC: GENODEM1GLS\ Bitcoin (BTC): bc1qqkrzed5vuvl82dggsyjgcjteylq5l58sz4s927\ Ethereum (ETH): 0xB9a49A0bda5FAc3F084D5257424E3e6fdD303482

@ 4fa5d1c4:fd6c6e41

Bibel-Selfies

Prompts

Eva, Schlange, Apfel und Adam

A selfie of a woman resembling eve in the time of old testament, blurred body, holding an apple, kneeling in front adam. he has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a huge snake behind her. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with adam and eve, possibly at a place like garden eden. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudha --v 6.0

Tochter des Pharao mit Mose

A selfie of the biblical figure moabite woman with her baby in front of an oasis. She is wearing traditional and has black hair. The background shows water from the desert oasis and grasses around it. In the Background a wicker basket on the water. The photo was taken in the style of a selfie shot with GoPro camera

Simon Petrus

A selfie of a man resembling Simon Petrus, wearing a white robe, surrounded by waves and thunderstorm. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many waves behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus at the dead sea, possibly at a place like the sea. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Zachäus auf dem Baum

A selfie of a man resembling a roman in the time of jesus, wearing a glamorous robe, surrounded by the crown of a tree. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many leaves behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus walking by, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Maria am Ostermorgen

A selfie of a woman resembling maria in the time of jesus, wearing a robe, kneeling in front of stone grave. she has a shocked expression with her mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with the open glowing grave behind her. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus resurrection, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Der verlorene Sohn bei den Schweinen

A young ancient arabic man with short hair in the time of jesus, brown eyes, and a dirty face, covered in mud from working on his pig farm, takes an amateur selfie at dusk. He is surrounded by pig stables, with a barn visible in the background and pigs seen near the front. The photo captures a raw, authentic moment, as he gazes directly into the camera with an expression of excitement or wonder. The image has a realistic style, akin to Unsplash photography, and is meant to be posted on a primitive-themed social network. The resolution of the photo is high, style of selfie with gopro --v 6.0

Vater und Sohn vereint

A selfie of an Arab father in simple garments in the time of jesus, embracing and hugging a young man. The father's face, visible in the foreground, radiates joy and relief. Only the back of the son's head is visible, as he faces away from the camera, returning the embrace in tattered clothing. In the background, a large ancient house and other family members can be seen watching from a distance, blurred. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens using a GoPro, enhancing the dramatic and overwhelming effect of the scene --v 6.0

Bartimäus

A selfie of a man resembling blind bartimaeus in the time of jesus, black and brown and white bandages on his head over his eyes and face, wearing a robe, kneeling in front of a market place. he has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes still covered with black and brown and white bandages on his head, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many sand behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus healing the blind, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudha --v 6.0

Daniel in der Löwengrube

A selfie of a man resembling Jesus, wearing a beige hoodie, surrounded by lions and cheetahs. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with many lions behind him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a lion's den, possibly at a place like the Grand Tabahar. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary

David und Goliath

selfie of a the boy and shepherd david holding his slingshot resembling a fight with the giant goliath in the time of old testament, wearing a glamorous sligshot focusing on his giant opponent. David has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a desert surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of the scene of David fighting with the giant goliath with his slingshot, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Simson im Philistertempel

A selfie of a man resembling simson in the time of old testament, wearing a glamorous beard and long hair, surrounded by thousands of ancient fighters. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with a temple surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with jesus walking by, possibly at a place like the jerusalem. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary --v 6.0

Jona und der Wal

A selfie of a man resembling israeli jona in the time of old testament,`wearing a glamorous beard and long hair, inside the body of a whale. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with the ocean surrounding him. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene in the bible. The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, similar to the style of Yasir Khan Chaudhary

Jakob und Isaak

A selfie of a young man resembling an ancient Arabic in clothes made of skins of goats and furs of the goats, looking overwhelmed and distressed as he betrays his father, who blesses him. The scene shows a dawn sky with hints of the sunrise, evoking a surreal and dramatic atmosphere. The scene is set in ancient Jerusalem, with stone buildings. in the background an old man with a gesture of blessing, rising his hands to the sky, The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, blending surrealism with humor. The style is reminiscent of a GoPro selfie, capturing the intense moment with a sense of both fear and surprise

Petrus und der Hahn

A selfie of a man resembling ancient young arabic man saint in traditional biblical attire, being eaten by a whale,. he has a shocked expression with his mouth pressed and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both fear and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with one rooster crowing out loud behind the man. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene with peter and the rooster, possibly at a place in jerusalem . The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor, go pro selfie, morning dawn near sunrise setting

Josef im Brunnen

A selfie of an ancient israelian man with a magical dreamcoat clothing in a deep well, looking at the camera from above, captured in the style of a go pro selfie stick

Elia und die Raben

A close-up selfie of a bearded man (Elijah) in biblical clothing, smiling gratefully. He is standing near a stream in a secluded, rocky area. Several black ravens are perched on his shoulders and arms, holding pieces of bread and meat in their beaks. The scene has a warm, golden light, symbolizing God's provision. Photorealistic style, high detail.

Absalom im Baum

A selfie of a man resembling of a young man (Absalom) with long hair knotted arount the branches of a large oak tree.. He has a shocked expression with his mouth open and wide eyes, evoking a sense of both humor and surprise. The scene appears surreal, with all of his hairs knotted around the tree. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, adding to the dramatic and humorous effect. The setting is reminiscent of a scene of a robin hood movie in the forest . The style of the photo blends surrealism with humor

Ruth und Boas im Weizenfeld

A selfie of a young woman resembling Ruth, with a radiant smile and sun-kissed skin. She's standing in a golden wheat field at sunset, her arms filled with freshly gathered sheaves of wheat. Her hair is partially covered with a simple headscarf, with loose strands blowing in the wind. She has a look of joy and gratitude in her eyes. The scene appears idyllic, with wheat stalks seeming to embrace her. In the background, a distinguished older man (Boaz) can be seen watching from a distance, his expression a mix of curiosity and admiration. The photo is taken with a wide-angle lens, capturing the vastness of the field, the warmth of the setting sun, and Boaz in the distance. The setting is reminiscent of a biblical harvest scene. The style of the photo blends realism with a touch of romantic nostalgia.

"Bibel-Selfies" von Jörg Lohrer Lizenz: CC0 1.0 .

`

@ da0b9bc3:4e30a4a9

Hello Stackers!

Welcome on into the ~Music Corner of the Saloon!

A place where we Talk Music. Share Tracks. Zap Sats.

So stay a while and listen.

🚨Don't forget to check out the pinned items in the territory homepage! You can always find the latest weeklies there!🚨

🚨Subscribe to the territory to ensure you never miss a post! 🚨

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/952743

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

It is noteworthy to mention that Bill Gates, a distinguished co-founder of Microsoft and a philanthropist with extensive impact on global health and education initiatives, serves as a limited partner in various investment vehicles associated with Village Global. However, it is critical to delineate the nuances of this relationship, as Gates' status as a limited partner does not confer upon him any authoritative control or decision-making power regarding the operational protocols or strategic direction of SimpleX Chat.

The development team behind SimpleX Chat has made a concerted effort to clarify that Village Global's involvement is strictly financial in nature, devoid of any operational oversight or influence over the management and technical development of the project.

---

Privacy Without Compromise

SimpleX Chat aims to provide a messenger that is both convenient and private, addressing the perceived trade-off between these two qualities in existing solutions. They define privacy as protecting not only message content but also metadata like connection details and user identities.

In contrast to a multitude of contemporary messaging applications, SimpleX Chat distinctly emphasizes the safeguarding of metadata privacy as a foundational component of its architecture.

The development team articulates a compelling argument regarding the intrinsic value of communication relationships, suggesting that the identification of interlocutors constitutes sensitive data that may be weaponized against users in various contexts—an issue that current market leaders in the domain have failed to remedy with sufficient rigor.

Consequently, the developers are actively engaged in initiatives to bolster the obfuscation of users’ IP addresses, thereby enhancing the overall security framework against potential surveillance and data exploitation threats.

---

A Radical Architectural Shift

The architecture underpinning SimpleX Chat diverges notably from conventional paradigms associated with user account management.

Specifically, it eschews the creation and maintenance of user profiles in the traditional sense, thereby negating the repository of personally identifiable information on centralized servers. Instead, all pertinent data transactions pertinent to user interactions are localized, existing solely on the end-user's devices.

This paradigm shift engenders a formidable barrier to data accessibility, effectively neutralizing the potential for data disclosure to law enforcement agencies, irrespective of judicial mandates such as court warrants.

Furthermore, in their adherence to statutory obligations, SimpleX Chat's design ethos proactively prioritizes the minimization of data collection, establishing a privacy-centric framework that aptly aligns with contemporary concerns regarding data sovereignty and user anonymity.

---

Functionality Grounded in Security

The SimpleX Chat application exemplifies a multi-device compatibility framework, strategically prioritizing stringent security protocols over user convenience.

This methodology distinctly contrasts with that of various competitors who may opt for convenience-focused functionalities that inadvertently jeopardize user data integrity and confidentiality.

The current technical architecture facilitates seamless profile transfers across devices, while also enabling a desktop terminal interface that remains operationally tethered to the mobile device.

Such an arrangement underscores SimpleX Chat's commitment to balancing usability with robust security measures, effectively mitigating potential vulnerabilities in cross-platform interactions.

---

Transient Messaging and Signal Protocol Reimagined

SimpleX Chat integrates the functionality of transient messaging, which serves primarily as a user convenience element rather than representing a robust security mechanism.

The developers have explicitly articulated that they are unable to ensure the irreversible deletion of messages from the recipient's device, thereby highlighting potential vulnerabilities associated with data retention and privacy concerns in digital communications.

The development team arrived at a strategic decision to forgo the utilization of the existing Signal codebase, primarily attributed to its inherent complexity and the prospective risks associated with the coupling dynamics that could emerge between the Signal protocol and its corresponding system architecture.

As a result, they opted to engineer the Signal protocol anew, commencing from foundational coding principles.

This approach not only enables them to exert comprehensive control over the implementation but also significantly facilitates the seamless integration of advanced cryptographic frameworks, specifically post-quantum key agreement methodologies, which are imperative in future-proofing cryptographic communications against the advent of quantum computing threats.

---

UX Development and the Road Ahead

The UI is still under development. The developers acknowledge some usability challenges, especially for users unfamiliar with the concept of profile-based messaging without traditional accounts.

They are actively working on improving UX based on user feedback.

---

A Decentralized Economic Model

SimpleX Chat is poised to introduce an innovative commercial framework predicated on the integration of a decentralized accounting mechanism, characterized by the utilization of distributed ledger technology, which underpins cryptocurrency transactions, coupled with a system reminiscent of traditional gift card paradigms.

This commercial model is strategically designed to provide economic incentives to both infrastructure operators, who maintain the necessary backbone for the network's operations, and software vendors, who contribute essential applications and services—all while preserving the fundamental decentralized architecture inherent to blockchain systems.

This careful balance is crucial for fostering a sustainable ecosystem that rewards participants without compromising the network's core principles of transparency and egalitarian access.

---

🚧 Prerequisites

| Requirement | Description | |-------------------|----------------------------------------------| | VPS | Debian 12, at least 1GB RAM (for running server) | | Build Machine | A second Linux machine with ≥ 8GB RAM for compiling binaries | | Domains | FQDNs like smp.yourdomain.com, xfp.yourdomain.com, turn.yourdomain.com | | SSH Keys | SSH access secured with key-based auth only | | Firewall | Only allow ports for SSH (22), SMP (5223), XFP (5353), TURN (5349) |

---

🧱 Step 1: Build SimpleX on Build Machine

You’ll compile the binaries on your high-RAM machine and then SCP them over.

```bash sudo apt update && sudo apt install build-essential git rustc cargo pkg-config libssl-dev

Clone repo

git clone https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplexmq cd simplexmq

Build binaries

cargo build --release ```

You’ll find: - target/release/smp-server - target/release/xfp-server

Copy them to your VPS: bash scp target/release/smp-server user@vps:/home/user/ scp target/release/xfp-server user@vps:/home/user/

---

🧑‍💻 Step 2: Harden the VPS

🔒 SSH-only access

```bash

Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config

PermitRootLogin no PasswordAuthentication no ```

Restart SSH: bash sudo systemctl restart ssh

🔥 UFW Firewall

bash sudo apt install ufw sudo ufw default deny incoming sudo ufw default allow outgoing sudo ufw allow OpenSSH sudo ufw enable

🛡️ Fail2ban

bash sudo apt install fail2ban sudo systemctl enable --now fail2ban

---

📡 Step 3: SMP Server Setup

Create user and directories:

bash sudo useradd -m -r -s /usr/sbin/nologin smp sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/smp /var/log/smp sudo chown -R smp:smp /var/lib/smp /var/log/smp

Move binary and set permissions:

bash sudo mv /home/user/smp-server /usr/local/bin/ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/smp-server

Create systemd service:

/etc/systemd/system/smp.service ```ini [Unit] Description=SimpleX SMP Server After=network.target

[Service] User=smp ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/smp-server --fqdn smp.yourdomain.com --log /var/log/smp/smp.log WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/smp Restart=on-failure

[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```

bash sudo systemctl daemon-reexec sudo systemctl enable --now smp.service

---

🗂️ Step 4: XFP Server Setup

bash sudo useradd -m -r -s /usr/sbin/nologin xfp sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/xfp /var/log/xfp sudo chown -R xfp:xfp /var/lib/xfp /var/log/xfp sudo mv /home/user/xfp-server /usr/local/bin/ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/xfp-server

Create systemd service:

/etc/systemd/system/xfp.service ```ini [Unit] Description=SimpleX XFP Server After=network.target

[Service] User=xfp ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/xfp-server --storage /var/lib/xfp --log /var/log/xfp/xfp.log --quota 2GB WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/xfp Restart=on-failure

[Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ```

bash sudo systemctl daemon-reexec sudo systemctl enable --now xfp.service

---

🎙️ Step 5: Optional TURN Server (WebRTC)

Install Coturn: bash sudo apt install coturn

Edit /etc/turnserver.conf: ini listening-port=5349 tls-listening-port=5349 fingerprint lt-cred-mech realm=turn.yourdomain.com user=someuser:somepassword cert=/etc/letsencrypt/live/turn.yourdomain.com/fullchain.pem pkey=/etc/letsencrypt/live/turn.yourdomain.com/privkey.pem cipher-list="ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384" no-stdout-log

Set to auto-start: bash sudo systemctl enable coturn

Configure DNS and firewall to allow 5349.

---

🔁 Step 6: Certificate Renewal (Let's Encrypt)

bash sudo apt install certbot

Set up renewal cron: bash sudo crontab -e

bash 0 3 * * * certbot renew --quiet && systemctl restart coturn

---

🧪 Step 7: Testing with SimpleX Desktop

1. Download SimpleX Desktop
2. Launch and go to Settings → Relay Settings
3. Disable defaults, add your SMP and XFP addresses.

---

🔄 Upgrading SimpleX

On your build machine: bash git pull origin main cargo build --release

Then: bash scp target/release/smp-server user@vps:/home/user/ scp target/release/xfp-server user@vps:/home/user/

On VPS: bash sudo systemctl stop smp xfp sudo mv /home/user/smp-server /usr/local/bin/ sudo mv /home/user/xfp-server /usr/local/bin/ sudo systemctl start smp xfp

---

What if you communicated securely?

📡 SimpleX – Anonymous chat, no phone numbers, no metadata

SimpleX is unlike anything else. It doesn’t just encrypt your messages—it hides who you're talking to. No central servers, no profiles, no traces. Just pure private messaging.
Perfect for when you need total metadata privacy and no digital fingerprint.

---

🌱 Nostr DMs – Messages with your Web of Trust

If you’re already on Nostr, using DMs is a natural step. Messages are encrypted end-to-end and tied to your public key identity.
Great for building trusted, decentralized communication channels within your Web of Trust.

---

🔐 PGP Email – Old-school but rock solid

PGP lets you encrypt your emails and verify identities with public keys. It’s still one of the most powerful tools for asynchronous, verifiable, and encrypted communication—especially for long-form or professional exchanges.

---

🔁 Use them all together

Different tools for different roles. Want to talk anonymously? Use SimpleX.
Connecting with your Nostr tribe? Slide into those DMs.
Need to send a secure file or message over email? PGP's got your back.

Privacy isn’t just one app—it’s a toolkit. Build yours.

---

@ 1c19eb1a:e22fb0bc

After my first major review of Primal on Android, we're going to go a very different direction for this next review. Primal is your standard "Twitter clone" type of kind 1 note client, now branching into long-form. They also have a team of developers working on making it one of the best clients to fill that use-case. By contrast, this review will not be focusing on any client at all. Not even an "other stuff" client.

Instead, we will be reviewing a very useful tool created and maintained by nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 called #Amber. For those unfamiliar with Amber, it is an #Android application dedicated to managing your signing keys, and allowing you to log into various #Nostr applications without having to paste in your private key, better known as your #nsec. It is not recommended to paste your nsec into various applications because they each represent another means by which it could be compromised, and anyone who has your nsec can post as you. On Nostr, your #npub is your identity, and your signature using your private key is considered absolute proof that any given note, reaction, follow update, or profile change was authorized by the rightful owner of that identity.

It happens less often these days, but early on, when the only way to try out a new client was by inputting your nsec, users had their nsec compromised from time to time, or they would suspect that their key may have been compromised. When this occurs, there is no way to recover your account, or set a new private key, deprecating the previous one. The only thing you can do is start over from scratch, letting everyone know that your key has been compromised and to follow you on your new npub.

If you use Amber to log into other Nostr apps, you significantly reduce the likelihood that your private key will be compromised, because only one application has access to it, and all other applications reach out to Amber to sign any events. This isn't quite as secure as storing your private key on a separate device that isn't connected to the internet whatsoever, like many of us have grown accustomed to with securing our #Bitcoin, but then again, an online persona isn't nearly as important to secure for most of us as our entire life savings.

Amber is the first application of its kind for managing your Nostr keys on a mobile device. nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 didn't merely develop the application, but literally created the specification for accomplishing external signing on Android which can be found in NIP-55. Unfortunately, Amber is only available for Android. A signer application for iOS is in the works from nostr:npub1yaul8k059377u9lsu67de7y637w4jtgeuwcmh5n7788l6xnlnrgs3tvjmf, but is not ready for use at this time. There is also a new mobile signer app for Android and iOS called Nowser, but I have not yet had a chance to try this app out. From a cursory look at the Android version, it is indeed in the very early stages of development and cannot be compared with Amber.

This review of Amber is current as of version 3.2.5.

Overall Impression

Score: 4.7 / 5 (Updated 4/21/2025)

I cannot speak highly enough about Amber as a tool that every Nostr user on Android should start using if they are not already. When the day comes that we have more options for well-developed signer apps on mobile, my opinion may very well change, but until then Amber is what we have available to us. Even so, it is an incredibly well thought-out and reliable tool for securing your nsec.

Despite being the only well-established Android signer available for Android, Amber can be compared with other external signing methods available on other platforms. Even with more competition in this arena, though, Amber still holds up incredibly well. If you are signing into web applications on a desktop, I still would recommend using a browser extension like #Alby or #Nos2x, as the experience is usually faster, more seamless, and far more web apps support this signing method (NIP-07) than currently support the two methods employed by Amber. Nevertheless that gap is definitely narrowing.

A running list I created of applications that support login and signing with Amber can be found here: Nostr Clients with External Signer Support

I have run into relatively few bugs in my extensive use of Amber for all of my mobile signing needs. Occasionally the application crashes when trying to send it a signing request from a couple of applications, but I would not be surprised if this is no fault of Amber at all, and rather the fault of those specific apps, since it works flawlessly with the vast majority of apps that support either NIP-55 or NIP-46 login.

I also believe that mobile is the ideal platform to use for this type of application. First, because most people use Nostr clients on their phone more than on a desktop. There are, of course, exceptions to that, but in general we spend more time on our phones when interacting online. New users are also more likely to be introduced to Nostr by a friend having them download a Nostr client on their phone than on a PC, and that can be a prime opportunity to introduce the new user to protecting their private key. Finally, I agree with the following assessment from nostr:npub1jlrs53pkdfjnts29kveljul2sm0actt6n8dxrrzqcersttvcuv3qdjynqn.

nostr:nevent1qqsw0r6gzn05xg67h5q2xkplwsuzedjxw9lf7ntrxjl8ajm350fcyugprfmhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68yurvv438xtnrdaksyg9hyaxj3clfswlhyrd5kjsj5v04clhjvgeq6pwztmysfzdvn93gev7awu9v

The one downside to Amber is that it will be quite foreign for new users. That is partially unavoidable with Nostr, since folks are not accustomed to public/private key cryptography in general, let alone using a private key to log into websites or social media apps. However, the initial signup process is a bit cumbersome if Amber is being used as the means of initially generating a key pair. I think some of this could be foregone at start-up in favor of streamlining onboarding, and then encourage the user to back-up their private key at a later time.

Features

Amber has some features that may surprise you, outside of just storing your private key and signing requests from your favorite Nostr clients. It is a full key management application, supporting multiple accounts, various backup methods, and even the ability to authorize other users to access a Nostr profile you control.

Android Signing

This is the signing method where Amber really shines in both speed and ease of use. Any Android application that supports this standard, and even some progressive web-apps that can be installed to your Android's home-screen, can very quickly and seamlessly connect with Amber to authorize anything that you need signed with your nsec. All you have to do is select "Login with Amber" in clients like #Amethyst or #0xChat and the app will reach out to Amber for all signing requests from there on out. If you had previously signed into the app with your nsec, you will first need to log out, then choose the option to use Amber when you log back in.

This is a massive deal, because everything you do on Nostr requires a signature from your private key. Log in? Needs a signature. Post a "GM" note? Needs a signature. Follow someone who zapped your note? Needs a signature. Zap them back? You guessed it; needs a signature. When you paste your private key into an application, it will automatically sign a lot of these actions without you ever being asked for approval, but you will quickly realize just how many things the client is doing on your behalf when Amber is asking you to approve them each time.

Now, this can also get quite annoying after a while. I recommend using the setting that allows Amber to automatically sign for basic functions, which will cut down on some of the authorization spam. Once you have been asked to authorize the same type of action a few times, you can also toggle the option to automatically authorize that action in the future. Don't worry, though, you have full control to require Amber to ask you for permission again if you want to be alerted each time, and this toggle is specific to each application, so it's not a blanket approval for all Nostr clients you connect with.

This method of signing is just as fast as signing via browser extension on web clients, which users may be more accustomed to. Everything is happening locally on the device, so it can be very snappy and secure.

Nostr Connect/Bunker Signing

This next method of signing has a bit of a delay, because it is using a Nostr relay to send encrypted information back and forth between the app the user is interacting with and Amber to obtain signatures remotely. It isn't a significant delay most of the time, but it is just enough to be noticeable.

Also, unlike the previous signing method that would automatically switch to Amber as the active application when a signing request is sent, this method only sends you a notification that you must be watching for. This can lead to situations where you are wondering why something isn't working in a client you signed into remotely, because it is waiting on you to authorize the action and you didn't notice the notification from Amber. As you use the application, you get used to the need to check for such authorization requests from time to time, or when something isn't working as expected.

By default, Amber will use relay.nsec.app to communicate with whichever Nostr app you are connecting to. You can set a different relay for this purpose, if you like, though not just any relay will support the event kinds that Amber uses for remote signing. You can even run your own relay just for your own signing purposes. In fact, the creator of Amber has a relay application you can run on your phone, called Citrine, that can be used for signing with any web app you are using locally on your phone. This is definitely more of an advanced option, but it is there for you if you want it. For most users, sticking with relay.nsec.app will be just fine, especially since the contents of the events sent back and forth for signing are all encrypted.

Something many users may not realize is that this remote signing feature allows for issuing signing permissions to team members. For instance, if anyone ever joined me in writing reviews, I could issue them a connection string from Amber, and limit their permissions to just posting long-form draft events. Anything else they tried to do would require my explicit approval each time. Moreover, I could revoke those permissions if I ever felt they were being abused, without the need to start over with a whole new npub. Of course, this requires that your phone is online whenever a team member is trying to sign using the connection string you issued, and it requires you pay attention to your notifications so you can approve or reject requests you have not set to auto-approve. However, this is probably only useful for small teams, and larger businesses will want to find a more robust solution for managing access to their npub, such as Keycast from nostr:npub1zuuajd7u3sx8xu92yav9jwxpr839cs0kc3q6t56vd5u9q033xmhsk6c2uc.

The method for establishing a connection between Amber and a Nostr app for remote signing can vary for each app. Most, at minimum, will support obtaining a connection string from Amber that starts with "bunker://" and pasting it in at the time of login. Then you just need to approve the connection request from Amber and the client will log you in and send any subsequent signing requests to Amber using the same connection string.

Some clients will also offer the option to scan a QR code to connect the client to Amber. This is quite convenient, but just remember that this also means the client is setting which relay will be used for communication between the two. Clients with this option will also have a connection string you can copy and paste into Amber to achieve the same purpose. For instance, you may need this option if you are trying to connect to an app on your phone and therefore can't scan the QR code using Amber on the same phone.

Multiple Accounts

Amber does not lock you into using it with only a single set of keys. You can add all of your Nostr "accounts" to Amber and use it for signing events for each independently. Of course, Nostr doesn't actually have "accounts" in the traditional sense. Your identity is simply your key-pair, and Amber stores and accesses each private key as needed.

When first signing in using native Android signing as described above, Amber will default to whichever account was most recently selected, but you can switch to the account that is needed before approving the request. After initial login, Amber will automatically detect the account that the signing request is for.

Key Backup & Restore

Amber allows multiple ways to back up your private key. As most users would expect, you can get your standard nsec and copy/paste it to a password manager, but you can also obtain your private key as a list of mnemonic seed words, an encrypted version of your key called an ncryptsec, or even a QR code of your nsec or ncryptsec.

Additionally, in order to gain access to this information, Amber requires you to enter your device's PIN or use biometric authentication. This isn't cold-storage level protection for your private key by any means, especially since your phone is an internet connected device and does not store your key within a secure element, but it is about as secure as you can ask for while having your key accessible for signing Nostr events.

Tor Support

While Amber does not have Tor support within the app itself, it does support connecting to Tor through Orbot. This would be used with remote signing so that Amber would not connect directly over clearnet to the relay used for communication with the Nostr app requesting the signature. Instead, Amber would connect through Tor, so the relay would not see your IP address. This means you can utilize the remote signing option without compromising your anonymity.

Additional Security

Amber allows the user the option to require either biometric or PIN authentication before approving signing requests. This can provide that extra bit of assurance that no one will be able to sign events using your private key if they happen to gain access to your phone. The PIN you set in Amber is also independent from the PIN to unlock your device, allowing for separation of access.

Can My Grandma Use It?

Score: 4.6 / 5 (Updated 4/21/2025)

At the end of the day, Amber is a tool for those who have some concept of the importance of protecting their private key by not pasting it into every Nostr client that comes along. This concept in itself is not terribly approachable to an average person. They are used to just plugging their password into every service they use, and even worse, they usually have the same password for everything so they can more readily remember it. The idea that they should never enter their "Nostr password" into any Nostr application would never occur to them unless someone first explained how cryptography works related to public/private key pairs.

That said, I think there can be some improvements made to how users are introduced to these concepts, and that a signer application like Amber might be ideal for the job. Considering Amber as a new user's first touch-point with Nostr, I think it holds up well, but could be somewhat streamlined.

Upon opening the app, the user is prompted to either use their existing private key or "Create a new Nostr account." This is straightforward enough. "Account" is not a technically correct term with Nostr, but it is a term that new users would be familiar with and understand the basic concept.

The next screen announces that the account is ready, and presents the user with their public key, explaining that it is "a sort of username" that will allow others to find them on Nostr. While it is good to explain this to the user, it is unnecessary information at this point. This screen also prompts the user to set a nickname and set a password to encrypt their private key. Since the backup options also allow the user to set this password, I think this step could be pushed to a later time. This screen would better serve the new user if it simply prompted them to set a nickname and short bio that could be saved to a few default relays.

Of course, Amber is currently prompting for a password to be set up-front because the next screen requires the new user to download a "backup kit" in order to continue. While I do believe it is a good idea to encourage the creation of a backup, it is not crucial to do so immediately upon creation of a new npub that has nothing at stake if the private key is lost. This is something the UI could remind the user to do at a later time, reducing the friction of profile creation, and expediting getting them into the action.

Outside of these minor onboarding friction points, I think Amber does a great job of explaining to the user the purpose of each of its features, all within the app and without any need to reference external documentation. As long as the user understands the basic concept that their private key is being stored by Amber in order to sign requests from other Nostr apps, so they don't have to be given the private key, Amber is very good about explaining the rest without getting too far into the technical weeds.

The most glaring usability issue with Amber is that it isn't available in the Play Store. Average users expect to be able to find applications they can trust in their mobile device's default app store. There is a valid argument to be made that they are incorrect in this assumption, but that doesn't change the fact that this is the assumption most people make. They believe that applications in the Play Store are "safe" and that anything they can't install through the Play Store is suspect. The prompts that the Android operating system requires the user to approve when installing "unknown apps" certainly doesn't help with this impression.

Now, I absolutely love the Zapstore from nostr:npub1wf4pufsucer5va8g9p0rj5dnhvfeh6d8w0g6eayaep5dhps6rsgs43dgh9, but it doesn't do much to alleviate this issue. Users will still need to be convinced that it is safe to install the Zapstore from the GitHub repo, and then install Amber from there. Furthermore, this adds yet another step to the onboarding process.

Instead of:

• Install Amber
• Set up your keys
• Install the client you want to use
• Log in with Amber

The process becomes:

• Go to the Zapstore GitHub and download the latest version from the releases page.
• Install the APK you downloaded, allowing any prompt to install unknown apps.
• Open Zapstore and install Amber, allowing any prompt to install unknown apps again.
• Open Amber and set up your keys.
• Install the client you want to use
• Log in with Amber

An application as important as Amber for protecting users' private keys should be as readily available to the new user as possible. New users are the ones most prone to making mistakes that could compromise their private keys. Amber should be available to them in the Play Store.

UPDATE: As of version 3.2.8 released on 4/21/2025, the onboarding flow for Amber has been greatly improved! Now, when selecting to set up a new "account" the user is informed on the very next screen, "Your Nostr account is ready!" and given their public key/npub. The only field the user must fill in is their "nickname"/display name and hit "Continue."

From there the user is asked if they want Amber to automatically approve basic actions, or manually approve each app, and then they are shown a new Applications screen, with a prompt to create a backup of their account. This prompt persists until the user has done so.

As you can see, the user is also encouraged to find applications that can be used with Amber with links to nostrapps.com and the Zapstore.

Thanks to these updates, Amber is now the smoothest and most user-friendly onboarding experience I have seen for Nostr to date. Sure, it doesn't have anything for setting up a profile picture or lightning address, but that is better done in a client like Amethyst or YakiHonne, anyway. Just tap "create," type in a handle to call yourself, and you're done!

How do UI Look?

Score: 4.5 / 5

Amber's UI can be described as clean but utilitarian. But then, Amber is a tool, so this is somewhat expected. It is not an app you will be spending a lot of time in, so the UI just needs to be serviceable. I would say it accomplishes this and then some. UI elements are generally easy to understand what they do, and page headings fill in the gaps where that is not the case.

I am not the biggest fan of the color-scheme, particularly in light-mode, but it is not bad in dark-mode at all, and Amber follows whatever theme you have set for your device in that respect. Additionally, the color choice does make sense given the application's name.

It must also be taken into consideration that Amber is almost entirely the product of a single developer's work. He has done a great job producing an app that is not only useful, but pleasant to interact with. The same cannot be said for most utility apps I have previously used, with interfaces that clearly made good design the lowest priority. While Amber's UI may not be the most beautiful Nostr app I have seen, design was clearly not an afterthought, either, and it is appreciated.

Relay Management

Score: 4.9 / 5

Even though Amber is not a Nostr client, where users can browse notes from their favorite npubs, it still relies heavily on relays for some of its features. Primarily, it uses relays for communicating with other Nostr apps for remote signing requests. However, it also uses relays to fetch profile data, so that each private key you add to Amber will automatically load your chosen username and profile picture.

In the relay settings, users can choose which relays are being used to fetch profile data, and which relays will be used by default when creating new remote signing connection strings.

The user can also see which relays are currently connected to Amber and even look at the information that has been passed back and forth on each of those active relays. This information about actively connected relays is not only available within the application, but also in the notification that Amber has to keep in your device's notification tray in order to continue to operate in the background while you are using other apps.

Optionality is the name of the game when it comes to how Amber handles relay selection. The user can just stick with the default signing relay, use their own relay as the default, or even use a different relay for each Nostr application that they connect to for remote signing. Amber gives the user an incredible amount of flexibility in this regard.

In addition to all of this, because not all relays accept the event types needed for remote signing, when you add a relay address to Amber, it automatically tests that relay to see if it will work. This alone can be a massive time saver, so users aren't trying to use relays that don't support remote signing and wondering why they can't log into noStrudel with the connection string they got from Amber.

The only way I could see relay management being improved would be some means of giving the user relay recommendations, in case they want to use a relay other than relay.nsec.app, but they aren't sure which other relays will accept remote signing events. That said, most users who want to use a different relay for signing remote events will likely be using their own, in which case recommendations aren't needed.

Current Users' Questions

The AskNostr hashtag can be a good indication of the pain points that other users are currently having with any Nostr application. Here are some of the most common questions submitted about Amber in the last two months.

nostr:nevent1qqsfrdr68fafgcvl8dgnhm9hxpsjxuks78afxhu8yewhtyf3d7mkg9gpzemhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgq3qkgh77xxt7hhtt4u528hecnx69rhagla8jj3tclgyf9wvkxa6dc0sxp0e6m

This is a good example of Amber working correctly, but the app the user is trying to log into not working. In my experience with #Olas in particular, it sometimes allows remote signer login, and sometimes doesn't. Amber will receive the signing request and I will approve it, but Olas remains on the login screen.

If Amber is receiving the signing requests, and you are approving them, the fault is likely with the application you are trying to log into.

That's it. That's all the repeated questions I could find. Oh, there were a few one-off questions where relay.nsec.app wouldn't connect, or where the user's out-of-date web browser was the issue. Outside of that, though, there were no common questions about how to use Amber, and that is a testament to Amber's ease of use all on its own.

Wrap Up

If you are on Android and you are not already using Amber to protect your nsec, please do yourself a favor and get it installed. It's not at all complicated to set up, and it will make trying out all the latest Nostr clients a safe and pleasant experience.

If you are a client developer and you have not added support for NIP-55 or NIP-46, do your users the courtesy of respecting the sanctity of their private keys. Even developers who have no intention of compromising their users' keys can inadvertently do so. Make that eventuality impossible by adding support for NIP-55 and NIP-46 signing.

Finally, I apologize for the extended time it took me to get this review finished. The time I have available is scarce, Nostr is distracting, and nostr:npub1w4uswmv6lu9yel005l3qgheysmr7tk9uvwluddznju3nuxalevvs2d0jr5 kept improving Amber even as I was putting it through its paces over the last two months. Keep shipping, my friend! You have made one of the most useful tools we have seen for Nostr to date!

Now... What should I review next?

@ 86102a64:33871ac0

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","user":{},"timestamp":"2025-04-22T02:11:57.947Z"}

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

ก่อนที่จะมูฟออนจากเทคนิคการสร้าง เรามาดูเรื่องสำคัญครับ

วันที่ไม่มีวัว แต่มีเวย์โปรตีน – เบื้องหลังเทคโนโลยีที่เปลี่ยนถังหมักให้กลายเป็นเต้านมวัว เคยมีคำถามไหมว่า “เวย์โปรตีน” ที่กินตอนออกกำลังกาย หรือโยเกิร์ตถ้วยโปรดที่ซื้อมาจากร้านใกล้บ้าน มันยังมาจากนมวัวอยู่ไหม? ถ้าคำตอบคือ “ไม่” แล้วมันมาจากไหน?

ยินดีต้อนรับสู่โลกของ Perfect Day บริษัทที่บอกว่า "เราสร้างเวย์โปรตีนได้ โดยไม่ต้องใช้วัวเลยแม้แต่นิดเดียว” ฟังดูเหมือนมายากล แต่นี่คือวิทยาศาสตร์ขั้นสูงที่ผูกสูตรไว้กับ DNA, จุลินทรีย์ และการหมักอย่างแยบยล

ขั้นตอนที่ 1: หารหัสโปรตีนจากแม่วัว เริ่มต้นจากคำถามง่าย ๆ ว่า “โปรตีนเวย์ที่อยู่ในน้ำนมวัว คืออะไร?” คำตอบคือ เบต้า-แลคโตโกลบูลิน (Beta-lactoglobulin) ซึ่งเป็นโปรตีนหลักในเวย์ประมาณ 50-55% โดยในธรรมชาติ วัวจะสร้างโปรตีนนี้จาก รหัสพันธุกรรมใน DNA ของมัน Perfect Day จึงไปค้นหา ลำดับเบส (DNA sequence) ของโปรตีนนี้จากฐานข้อมูลวิทยาศาสตร์ชื่อ UniProt (Universal Protein Resource) ซึ่งเก็บรหัสโปรตีนของสิ่งมีชีวิตแทบทุกชนิดไว้ครบถ้วน ได้รหัสมาแล้ว ก็เตรียมเข้าสู่ภารกิจ “หลอกจุลินทรีย์ให้สร้างโปรตีนแทนวัว”

ขั้นตอนที่ 2: สร้างแผ่นดีเอ็นเอสังเคราะห์ รหัส DNA ที่ได้จาก UniProt จะถูกนำไปสร้างเป็น DNA สังเคราะห์ โดยนักชีววิทยาจะออกแบบให้เหมาะสมกับการทำงานในเซลล์ของจุลินทรีย์ ไม่ใช่เซลล์วัว จะเรียกว่านี่คือ “การดัดแปลงบทละครชีวิตของวัว แล้วส่งให้จุลินทรีย์เล่นแทน” ก็ไม่ผิด DNA ที่ออกแบบนี้ มักจะมาพร้อมกับเครื่องมือบางอย่าง เช่น ตัวกระตุ้นการทำงานของยีน (promoter) หรือ ตัวตัดต่อยีน ที่จะทำให้จุลินทรีย์ยอมรับและใช้มันได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ

ขั้นตอนที่ 3: ปลอมตัวแทรกเข้าไปในจุลินทรีย์ จุลินทรีย์ที่ Perfect Day ใช้คือกลุ่มที่เรียกว่า Microflora ซึ่งอาจเป็นยีสต์, เชื้อรา, หรือแบคทีเรียชนิดที่เลี้ยงง่าย แต่มันจะไม่ยอมรับ DNA แปลกปลอมง่าย ๆ ดังนั้นต้องมี “เทคนิคหลอกล่อ” นิดหน่อย เขาจะทำให้ DNA ของจุลินทรีย์ เสียหายตรงจุดหนึ่ง แล้วแอบแนบ DNA ปลอม (ที่มีรหัสโปรตีนของวัว) เข้าไปซ่อมแซมจุดนั้นพอดีเป๊ะ แบบ “จิ๊กซอว์พอดีช่อง” แล้วจุลินทรีย์ก็จะเผลอรับ DNA แปลกปลอมนี้เข้าร่าง เมื่อติดตั้งสำเร็จ มันจะเริ่มแปลรหัสและ “ผลิตโปรตีนเวย์” ออกมาเหมือนกับแม่วัวตัวจริงไม่มีผิด

ขั้นตอนที่ 4: เลี้ยงจุลินทรีย์ในถังหมัก ตอนนี้จุลินทรีย์กลายเป็น “แม่วัวในร่างเซลล์เดียว” แล้ว Perfect Day ก็แค่เลี้ยงมันใน ถังหมักชีวภาพ (fermentor) ที่ควบคุมอุณหภูมิ ค่าความเป็นกรดด่าง อากาศ และใส่น้ำตาลลงไปเป็นอาหาร จุลินทรีย์จะกินน้ำตาลแล้วเปลี่ยนเป็น เวย์โปรตีน ปล่อยออกมานอกเซลล์ จากนั้นก็เก็บเอาน้ำที่มีโปรตีนนี้ ไปผ่านกระบวนการกรอง แยก แปรรูป และทำให้แห้ง เป็นผงเวย์โปรตีน พร้อมใช้ในอาหารหรือเครื่องดื่มต่าง ๆ

ขั้นตอนที่ 5: ตรวจสอบความเหมือนจริง ก่อนนำเวย์โปรตีนที่ได้ไปใช้งาน บริษัทต้อง ตรวจสอบระดับโมเลกุล ว่าโปรตีนที่ได้เหมือนกับของวัวจริง ๆ ไหม? สิ่งที่ต้องดูคือ โครงสร้างโปรตีน: ใช้เทคนิค mass spectrometry ตรวจความแม่นยำระดับกรดอะมิโน พฤติกรรมทางชีวเคมี เช่น ความสามารถในการจับกับน้ำ การเกิดฟอง หรือการละลาย ความปลอดภัย ตรวจหาสารปนเปื้อน สารก่อภูมิแพ้ หรือสารที่ไม่ได้ตั้งใจให้มี Perfect Day เคลมว่าทั้งหมดนี้ปลอดภัย และได้รับการรับรองจาก FDA ว่าเป็น GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe)

แล้วเราควรรู้สึกยังไง? นี่คือ “นมที่ไม่มีวัว” แต่มีเวย์โปรตีนครบสูตร ทำให้โยเกิร์ต ไอศกรีม และแม้กระทั่งกาแฟลาเต้ที่ไม่มีนมวัว แต่ยังมีฟองนมหนานุ่ม กลายเป็นจริงได้แบบไม่ต้องพึ่งวัวเลยแม้แต่นิดเดียว แต่คำถามที่ลึกกว่านั้นคือ... เรายังได้กินอาหารจากธรรมชาติอยู่หรือเปล่า? หรือกำลังอยู่ในยุคที่ “ชีวิต” ถูกตัดออกจากอาหาร โดยสิ้นเชิง? เทคโนโลยีนี้อาจช่วยโลกในมุมของ ESG แต่สำหรับบางคน มันคือ ทางแยกของความจริงกับของจำลอง คำว่า “Perfect” จึงอาจขึ้นอยู่กับว่า… สมบูรณ์แบบในสายตาใคร?

แล้วคำถามที่ล่องลอยอยู่เสมอคือ เมื่อทางเลือกกลายเป็นทางหลัก แล้วเราจะเหลือทางไหนอีกบ้าง หรือจะเป็น...ทางตัน? #pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก

@ d9e9fb27:d5fe5e1a

"There are two pillars in Costa Rica, education and coffee." A tourist guide I met told me this, and during the trip I discovered the strong link between coffee and the locals.

In fact, coffee runs very deeply in the Ticos' culture. So deep that the summer vacations from school (November to January) coincide with the coffee collection season. Children had to help their parents with the coffee. Coffee was a family business.

Monteverde, in the region of Puentarenas, is one of those places where coffee ha always been a corner stone of the society. Here, My gf and I went to visit a coffee plantation and discovered how coffee is made.

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Monteverde

Monteverde is a well-known turistic location in the central part of Costa Rica. Many people reach this beautiful place to visit the famous Cloud Rainforest, acres and acres of pristine forest, with many different kind of animals and plants living in it.

However, other than tourism is coffee that pushes the economy of this place. The hills around the town are covered with coffee plantations and there are tours than try to explain how coffee is made.

Coffee Tours

While we were in Monteverde, we joined one of these tours. We decided to give credit to a smaller plantation instead of the super turistic ones. A more rustic and family-owned business, El Pueblo Coffee Tour. We were not disappointed. We had the show all to ourselves, a super-prepared guide and all the time to make questions and enjoy with no rush.

The Plant of Coffee

Since Costa Rica is a quite small country, to compete on the market producers decided to bet on quality instead of quantity. That's why, the only type produced here is the Arabica.

Before the coffee bean, the plant produces a nice white flower, similar to the jasmine.

After a while, the coffee beans appear.

As soon as they turn red, they are ready to be collected.

Interesting fact: between the coffee plants many fruit trees like mangos or bananos can be found. In fact, those plants help keep the soil fertile and healthy, thus leading to a higher coffee quality!

Coffee Harvesting

Coffee is still harvested by hand. Beans do not get mature at the same time, so manual labor is needed. Laborer use a very simple tool to collect coffee, one which allow them to have both hands free.

Workers do not get paid by hours, but by the number of cajuelas that they can fill. A cajuela is a standard box, which contains around 13kg of beans. It's divided into quarters, so that the worker can get paid for the quarter, too.

Each cajuela is paid around 3.50$.

Coffee Drying

In the farm we visited, drying was perfomed naturally, through the heat of the sun. There are three ways in which the bean is left to dry: lavado, miel and naturàl.

• Lavado: The beans are peeled and washed to remove the jelly.

- Miel: The jelly on the beans is maintained to give it more sweet flavour.

- Naturàl: The bean is left to dry with its peel on, to give it a more fruity taste.

Back in the days, to peel the beans for the lavado and the miel variety, the pìlon was used. The bean is very hard, thus this tool does not damage it.

However, today the peeling procedure is done using a machine.

Coffee Roasting

The last step in the production of coffee is roasting. Coffee is put inside a sort of hoven, and is left there at high temperature according to the level of roasting that is needed. The more roasting, the less caffeine there is and the more bitter the coffee. Usually you have light, medium and dark roast.

Coffee Tasting

In the end, we also had a coffee tasting. We tried different roasting and different varieties.

Our guide explained us the best way to taste coffee and helped us defining the different flavours that we perceived. He also taught us the best way to prepare it: infusion time, water temperature, coffe makers and so on.

My favorite one was the dark one, while my gf enjoyed the light roast more. Of course, we bought some packs of these varieties!

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Thanks for tuning in!

I hope you enjoyed this brief overview of the Costa Rican coffee.

Pura Vida

Tuma

@ 401014b3:59d5476b

About Me

I come to Nostr with extensive experience in the digital landscape. As a blockchain native since 2017, I've witnessed the evolution of decentralized technologies firsthand. Most of my professional career has been spent working within big tech companies, giving me a unique perspective on both centralized and decentralized systems.

My social media journey began on Twitter in 2007, where I've maintained a presence for over 17 years. I've also explored other decentralized social platforms including BlueSky, Farcaster, and Lens Protocol. As a Bitcoin maximalist, I was particularly intrigued by Nostr's compatibility with the Lightning Network, which initially drew me to the platform.

The Onboarding Challenge

The Nostr onboarding experience presents a significant hurdle for newcomers. Despite my technical background in blockchain technologies, I found the initial setup process more complicated than expected. Understanding public/private key cryptography just to join a social network creates a steeper learning curve than necessary.

BlueSky and Farcaster have demonstrated that it's possible to maintain decentralized principles while providing a more streamlined onboarding experience. Their approaches show that user-friendly design and decentralization aren't mutually exclusive concepts.

Relay Management: Room for Improvement

The concept of relays represents one of Nostr's most distinctive features, though it can be confusing for newcomers. While many clients come pre-configured with default relays, users eventually encounter situations where content or connections seem inconsistent.

When someone I've interacted with doesn't appear in my feed or doesn't respond, I'm often left wondering if we're simply on different relays. This uncertainty creates friction that doesn't exist on other platforms where connectivity is handled behind the scenes.

The relay system introduces a layer of complexity that, while important to Nostr's architecture, could benefit from better abstraction in the user experience. When using BlueSky or Farcaster, I don't need to think about the underlying infrastructure, something Nostr could learn from while maintaining its decentralized principles.

The Zap Economy: Growing Pains

The Lightning-powered zap system shows tremendous potential, but I've observed some concerning economic patterns. Longer-term Nostr users have expressed frustration about continuously sending zaps while seeing limited growth in the overall ecosystem.

Interestingly, there appears to be a connection between this liquidity issue and community growth dynamics. Some established users who voice concerns about bearing the financial burden of the zapping economy are simultaneously less welcoming to newer accounts, rarely following, engaging with, or zapping newcomers.

This creates a challenging environment for new users, who face a cold reception and have little incentive to load their Lightning wallets or participate in the zap economy. Why bring fresh liquidity to a platform where established users rarely engage with your content? This dynamic has limited the expansion of the ecosystem, with the same sats often circulating among established users rather than growing with new participants.

Client Diversity: Strength and Challenge

Nostr's multiple client options offer users choice, which is valuable. However, the implementation of NIPs (Nostr Implementation Possibilities) varies across clients, creating inconsistent experiences. Features that work seamlessly in one client might be implemented differently in another.

This extends to fundamental aspects like search functionality, thread navigation, and notification systems, all of which can differ significantly between clients. For users accustomed to consistent experiences, this fragmentation creates a learning curve with each new client they try.

Lightning Integration: Varying Experiences

The Lightning Network integration varies in quality and user experience across Nostr clients. While the functionality is generally present, the implementation quality, feature set, and ease of use differ depending on which client you choose.

This inconsistency means users may need to experiment with several clients to find one that provides the Lightning experience they're looking for, rather than having a consistent experience across the ecosystem.

Finding Balance

Nostr appears to be navigating the challenge of balancing technical innovation with user experience. While its cryptographic foundation and decentralized architecture are impressive technical achievements, these same strengths sometimes come at the cost of accessibility.

Despite my technical background and interest in decentralized technologies, I find myself using BlueSky and Farcaster more frequently for daily social interactions, while checking Nostr less often. For Nostr to achieve its potential for broader adoption, addressing these user experience considerations while maintaining its core principles will be essential.

The platform has tremendous potential with improvements to user experience, community dynamics, and economic sustainability, Nostr could evolve from a fascinating technical experiment into a truly compelling alternative to mainstream social media.

@ 812cff5a:5c40aeeb

يوم جديد وتطبيق نوستر جديد

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أكتب هذا المقال من داخل نفس التطبيق اللي براجعه—يعني بختبر وبوثق التجربة في نفس الوقت، حرفياً!

الهدف من تطبيق أنتايپ

untyp| هو تطبيق مخصص للمنشورات الطويلة على بروتوكول نوستر. فكرته بسيطة جداً، لكنها عبقرية: إزالة كل الحواجز بينك وبين أفكارك، بحيث تقدر تكتب بحرية وسلاسة، كأنك بتكتب على ورقة فاضية... بس رقمية.

المزاية.. آو يمكن الميزة الوحيدة

ميزة التطبيق الأساسية هي دعمه الكامل لتنسيق Markdown، وهذا يعطيك مرونة هائلة في عرض أفكارك بشكل منظم وواضح—عناوين، روابط، كود، اقتباسات، وكل شيء بينهما.

الفكرة مو بس في المزايا، بل في الحد من المشتتات. التصميم بسيط وأنيق، بدون أي زوائد أو إعلانات، مما يساعدك تركز على الكتابة فقط.

untyp| مش بس وسيلة للنشر، بل أداة بتخليك أقرب لأفكارك، وأسرع في التعبير عنها.

جربته؟ قول لي رأيك. مطور التطبيق هو كارنج: nostr:npub1r0rs5q2gk0e3dk3nlc7gnu378ec6cnlenqp8a3cjhyzu6f8k5sgs4sq9ac

@ df478568:2a951e67

Testing

Untype.app

@ d360efec:14907b5f

สวัสดีเพื่อนนักเทรดทุกท่าน! 👋 วันนี้ฉันมาแนะนำตารางกิจวัตรประจำวันของ Day Trader ที่น่าสนใจนี้กันนะคะ มาดูกันว่ามีอะไรที่เราสามารถเรียนรู้และนำไปปรับใช้กับการเทรดของเราได้บ้างค่ะ

ภาพรวมกิจวัตรประจำวันของ Day Trader 📊

ตารางนี้แสดงให้เห็นถึงโครงสร้างของวันที่สมดุลสำหรับนักเทรดรายวันที่ประสบความสำเร็จ โดยเน้นทั้งการเตรียมตัว 🤓 การลงมือเทรด 🚀 การเรียนรู้ 📚 และการดูแลสุขภาพส่วนตัว 🧘‍♀️ ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งสำคัญอย่างยิ่งในการรักษาประสิทธิภาพและความสม่ำเสมอในการเทรด 💪

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$ 13.00 น. > ทบทวน 🤔 เรียนรู้ 📚 และปรับปรุง ⚙️ > หลังจากการเทรด นักเทรดที่ประสบความสำเร็จ 🎉 จะใช้เวลาในการทบทวนการเทรดของตนเอง 🧐 วิเคราะห์ว่าอะไรทำได้ดี 👍 และอะไรที่ต้องปรับปรุง 📝 การเรียนรู้อย่างต่อเนื่องเป็นกุญแจสำคัญสู่การพัฒนา 🚀

$ 14.00 น. > ออกกำลังกาย 💪 และพักผ่อน 🧘‍♀️ > การดูแลสุขภาพกาย 🍎 และใจ 💖 มีความสำคัญไม่ยิ่งหย่อนไปกว่าการเทรด 📈 การออกกำลังกายและการมีเวลาว่าง 🌴 ช่วยลดความเครียด 😥 และเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการเทรดในระยะยาว ✨

$ 17.00 น. > รับประทานอาหารเย็น 🍽️ และพักผ่อน 🛋️ > การมีเวลาพักผ่อนกับครอบครัว ❤️ หรือทำกิจกรรมที่ชอบ 😊 ช่วยให้ผ่อนคลาย 😌 และเตรียมพร้อมสำหรับวันต่อไป 🌅

$ 19.00 น. > วางแผนการเทรดสำหรับวันพรุ่งนี้ 🗓️ และตรวจสอบข่าวสาร 📰 > การวางแผนล่วงหน้า 🤓 ช่วยให้นักเทรดมีความพร้อม 💪 และสามารถตอบสนองต่อสถานการณ์ตลาดได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ 🚀

$ 22.00 น. > เข้านอน 😴 > การนอนหลับพักผ่อนอย่างเพียงพอ 🛌 เป็นสิ่งจำเป็นสำหรับการรักษาสุขภาพ 💖 และประสิทธิภาพในการเทรด 💪

สิ่งที่น่าสนใจและข้อคิด 🤔

$ ความมีระเบียบวินัย 💯 > ตารางนี้แสดงให้เห็นถึงความมีระเบียบวินัยที่เข้มงวด 📏 ซึ่งเป็นคุณสมบัติที่สำคัญของนักเทรดที่ประสบความสำเร็จ 🎉

$ การเตรียมตัวอย่างรอบคอบ 🧐 > การใช้เวลาในการวิเคราะห์ 📊 และวางแผน 📝 ก่อนตลาดเปิดช่วยลดการตัดสินใจที่ผิดพลาด 🚫 และเพิ่มโอกาสในการทำกำไร 💰

$ การเรียนรู้อย่างต่อเนื่อง 📚 > การทบทวน 🤔 และปรับปรุงกลยุทธ์ ⚙️ อยู่เสมอเป็นสิ่งสำคัญในการพัฒนาทักษะการเทรด 🚀

$ ความสมดุล ⚖️ > การให้ความสำคัญกับการดูแลสุขภาพ 🧘‍♀️ และการพักผ่อน 🌴 ควบคู่ไปกับการเทรด 📈 ช่วยป้องกันภาวะหมดไฟ 🔥 และรักษาประสิทธิภาพในระยะยาว ✨

การนำไปปรับใช้ 🛠️

เพื่อนๆ นักเทรดสามารถนำแนวคิดจากตารางนี้ไปปรับใช้กับกิจวัตรประจำวันของตนเองได้ 👍 โดยอาจไม่จำเป็นต้องทำตามทุกช่วงเวลาอย่างเคร่งครัด ⏰ แต่ให้เน้นที่หลักการสำคัญ เช่น การเตรียมตัวก่อนเทรด 🤓 การทบทวนหลังเทรด 🤔 และการดูแลสุขภาพ 🧘‍♀️ เพื่อสร้างสมดุล ⚖️ และเพิ่มประสิทธิภาพในการเทรดของเราค่ะ 💪

ขอให้ทุกท่านประสบความสำเร็จในการเทรดนะคะ! 💸🚀

#DayTrader #นักเทรดรายวัน #กิจวัตรประจำวัน #การลงทุน #เทรด #หุ้น #คริปโต #ตลาดหุ้น #แรงบันดาลใจ #พัฒนาตัวเอง #LinaEngword

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

Such a transformation positions Nostr to compete with established social networking platforms in terms of reach while simultaneously ensuring the preservation of user sovereignty and the integrity of cryptographic trust mechanisms.

The Emergence of Encrypted Relay-to-Relay Federation

In the context of Nostr protocol scalability challenges pertaining to censorship-resistant networking paradigms, Nostr stands as a paradigm-shifting entity, underpinned by robust public-key cryptography and minimal operational assumptions. This feature set has rendered Nostr an emblematic instrument for overcoming systemic censorship, fostering permissionless content dissemination, and upholding user autonomy within digital environments. However, as the demographic footprint of Nostr's user base grows exponentially, coupled with an expanding range of content modalities, the structural integrity of individual relays faces increasing pressure.

Challenges of Isolation and Limited Scalability in Decentralized Networks

The current architecture of Nostr relays is primarily constituted of simple TCP or WebSocket servers that facilitate the publication and reception of events. While aesthetically simple, this design introduces significant performance bottlenecks and discoverability issues. Relays targeting specific regional or topical niches often rely heavily on client-side interactions or third-party directories for information exchange. This operational framework presents inefficiencies when scaled globally, especially in scenarios requiring high throughput and rapid dissemination of information. Furthermore, it does not adequately account for redundancy and availability, especially in low-bandwidth environments or regions facing strict censorship.

Navigating Impediments of Isolation and Constrained Scalability

Current Nostr relay infrastructures mainly involve basic TCP and WebSocket configurations for event publication and reception. While simple, these configurations contribute to performance bottlenecks and a significant discoverability deficit. Relays that serve niche markets often operate under constraints, relying on client-side interactions or third-party directories. These inefficiencies become particularly problematic at a global scale, where high throughput and rapid information distribution are necessary. The absence of mechanisms to enhance redundancy and availability in environments with limited connectivity or under censorship further exacerbates these issues.

Proposal for Encrypted Relay Federation

Encrypted relay federation in decentralized networking can be achieved through a novel Nostr Improvement Proposal (NIP), which introduces a sophisticated gossip-style mesh topology. In this system, relays subscribe to content tags, message types, or public keys from peer nodes, optimizing data flow and relevance.

Central to this architecture is a mutual key handshake protocol using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) for symmetric encryption over relay keys. This ensures data integrity and confidentiality during transmission. The use of encrypted event bundles, compression, and routing based on relay reputation metrics and content demand analytics enhances throughput and optimizes network resources.

To counter potential abuse and spam, strategies like rate limiting, financially incentivized peering, and token gating are proposed, serving as control mechanisms for network interactions. Additionally, the relay federation model could emulate the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), allowing for dynamic content advertisement and routing updates across the federated mesh, enhancing network resilience.

Advantages of Relay Federation in Data Distribution Architecture

Relay federation introduces a distributed data load management system where relays selectively store pertinent events. This enhances data retrieval efficiency, minimizes congestion, and fosters a censorship-resistant information flow. By decentralizing data storage, relays contribute to a global cache network, ensuring no single relay holds comprehensive access to all network data. This feature helps preserve the integrity of information flow, making it resistant to censorship.

An additional advantage is offline communication capabilities. Even without traditional internet access, events can still be communicated through alternative channels like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct, or LoRa. This ensures local and community-based interactions remain uninterrupted during network downtime.

Furthermore, relay federations may introduce monetization strategies where specialized relays offer access to rare or high-quality data streams, promoting competition and interoperability while providing users with diverse data options.

Some Notable Markers To Nostr Becoming the Internet Layer for Censorship Resistance

Stop for a moment in your day and try to understand what Nostr can do for your communications by observing these markers:

1. Protocol Idea (NIP-01 by fiatjaf) │ ▼
2. npub/nsec Keypair Standard │ ▼
3. First Relays Go Online │ ▼
4. Identity & Auth (NIP-05, NIP-07) │ ▼
5. Clients Launch (Damus, Amethyst, Iris, etc.) │ ▼
6. Lightning Zaps + NWC (NIP-57) │ ▼
7. Relay Moderation & Reputation NIPs │ ▼
8. Protocol Bridging (ActivityPub, Matrix, Mastodon) │ ▼
9. Ecash Integration (Cashu, Walletless Zaps) │ ▼
10. Encrypted Relay Federation (Experimental) │ ▼
11. Relay Mesh Networks (WireGuard + libp2p) │ ▼
12. IoT Integration (Meshtastic + ESP32) │ ▼
13. Fully Decentralized, Censorship-Resistant Social Layer

The implementation of encrypted federation represents a pivotal technological advancement, establishing a robust framework that challenges the prevailing architecture of fragmented social networking ecosystems and monopolistic centralized cloud services. This innovative approach posits that Nostr could:

• Facilitate a comprehensive, globally accessible decentralized index of information, driven fundamentally by user interactions and a novel microtransaction system (zaps), enabling efficient content valorization and information dissemination.
• Empower the concept of nomadic digital identities, allowing them to seamlessly traverse various relays, devoid of reliance on centralized identity verification systems, promoting user autonomy and privacy.
• Become the quintessential backend infrastructure for decentralized applications, knowledge graphs, and expansive datasets conducive to DVMs.
• Achieve seamless interoperability with established protocols, such as ActivityPub, Matrix, IPFS, and innovative eCash systems that offer incentive mechanisms, fostering an integrated and collaborative ecosystem.

In alignment with decentralization, encrypted relay-to-relay federation marks a significant evolution for the Nostr protocol, transitioning from isolated personal broadcasting stations to an interoperable, adaptive, trustless mesh network of communication nodes.

By implementing this sophisticated architecture, Nostr is positioned to scale efficiently, addressing global needs while preserving free speech, privacy, and individual autonomy in a world marked by surveillance and compartmentalized digital environments.

Nostr's Countenance Structure: Noteworthy Events

``` Nostr Protocol Concept by fiatjaf:

• First Relays and npub/nsec key pairs appear
• Damus, Amethyst, and other clients emerge
• Launch of Zaps and Lightning Tip Integration
• Mainstream interest post Twitter censorship events
• Ecosystem tools: NWC, NIP-07, NIP-05 adoption
• Nostr devs propose relay scoring and moderation NIPs
• Bridging begins (ActivityPub, Matrix, Mastodon)
• Cashu eCash integration with Nostr zaps (walletless tips)
• Relay-to-relay encrypted federation proposed
• Hackathons exploring libp2p, LNbits, and eCash-backed identities
• Scalable P2P Mesh using WireGuard + Nostr + Gossip
• Web3 & IoT integration with ESP32 + Meshtastic + relays
• A censorship-resistant, decentralized social internet ```

@ d41bf82f:ed90d888

"ประวัติศาสตร์ก็เฉกเช่นธรรมชาติ — การเกิดและการตายล้วนดำเนินไปอย่างสมดุล" -โยฮัน ฮุยซิงกา3

การเสื่อมถอยของโลกยุคใหม่

พวกเรากำลังอยู่ในช่วงปลายของสิ่งที่เรียกว่า “ยุคใหม่” — ระบบโลกที่ถูกจัดระเบียบผ่านรัฐชาติอันรวมศูนย์ ซึ่งเคยพาเราผ่านยุคอุตสาหกรรม สงครามโลก และการสร้างโครงสร้างทางสังคมที่เข้มแข็งด้วยภาษี สวัสดิการ และระบบราชการ แต่ยุคนี้กำลังเคลื่อนเข้าสู่ฉากสุดท้ายของมันอย่างเงียบงัน โดยไม่มีใครในกระแสหลักพูดถึงอย่างจริงจัง และสิ่งที่กำลังมาแทนที่ก็จะแตกต่างอย่างสิ้นเชิงในเชิงคุณภาพจากโลกที่เราคุ้นเคย

เช่นเดียวกับที่สังคมเกษตรกรรมเคยมาแทนที่สังคมสัตว์-หาของป่า และระบบอุตสาหกรรมเคยมาแทนระบบศักดินา สังคมใหม่ที่กำลังปรากฏขึ้นจะเป็นการเปลี่ยนผ่านครั้งใหญ่ โดยในยุคใหม่นี้ “ประสิทธิภาพ” จะไม่ผูกติดกับ “ขนาด” อีกต่อไป อำนาจแบบรวมศูนย์ของรัฐจะถูกสั่นคลอน และระบบใหม่จะเกิดขึ้นซึ่งเล็กกว่า คล่องตัวกว่า และยากที่รัฐแบบเดิมจะควบคุม

นักประวัติศาสตร์ในอนาคตอาจมองว่าการล่มสลายของสหภาพโซเวียตในปี 1991 หรือการพังทลายของกำแพงเบอร์ลินในปี 1989 คือจุดสิ้นสุดของยุคสมัยนี้ และเปิดฉากสู่สิ่งใหม่ — บ้างเรียกมันว่ายุคหลังสมัยใหม่ บ้างว่าโลกไซเบอร์ หรือสังคมสารสนเทศ ไม่ว่าจะตั้งชื่ออย่างไร สิ่งที่ทุกคนยอมรับคือมันคือ "โลกใบใหม่" ที่แตกต่างอย่างถึงแก่นจากโลกเดิม

ความเข้าใจของมนุษย์ต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงใหญ่ระดับอารยธรรมมักมาช้า เพราะขาดกรอบความคิดและภาษาที่จะมองเห็นมันได้ในขณะที่มันเกิดขึ้นจริง ยกตัวอย่างเช่น ไม่มีใครในยุคศักดินาคิดว่าตนเองอยู่ใน “ยุคกลาง” จนกระทั่งยุคใหม่เข้ามาเปรียบเทียบ ในทำนองเดียวกัน พวกเราทุกวันนี้ก็อาจไม่รู้ตัวว่าเรากำลังอยู่ในช่วงสิ้นสุดของยุคหนึ่ง และจุดเริ่มต้นของอีกยุคหนึ่ง

ระบบสังคมใดก็ตามมักฝังข้อสันนิษฐานโดยปริยายว่าระบบของตนคือสิ่งสูงสุด เป็นสิ่งที่ไม่มีวันเปลี่ยน และไม่ควรถูกตั้งคำถาม การตั้งคำถามถึงความอยู่รอดของระบบ จึงเป็นเรื่องที่ถูกกีดกันโดยไม่รู้ตัว เพราะยิ่งระบบใกล้ล่มสลายเท่าไร มันก็ยิ่งต้องพยายามปกปิดไม่ให้ใครรับรู้ถึงความเปราะบางของมัน

ตัวอย่างจากประวัติศาสตร์เช่น การล่มสลายของจักรวรรดิโรมันใน ค.ศ. 476 ก็ไม่ได้รับการรับรู้ว่าเป็น “จุดจบ” ในเวลานั้น แม้เมื่อจักรพรรดิองค์สุดท้าย(โรมุลุส เอากุสตุส)ถูกปลด แต่ผู้คนและโครงสร้างเดิมของโรมันก็ยังคงแสร้งทำว่าทุกอย่างดำเนินไปตามปกติ รูปแบบของรัฐบาลเก่ายังคงถูกรักษาไว้ พิธีกรรมในระบบเดิมยังคงจัดขึ้น วุฒิสภายังคงประชุม กงสุลยังได้รับการแต่งตั้ง และระบบราชการก็ยังคงอยู่เกือบครบถ้วน พวกป่าเถื่อนที่เข้ามาปกครองก็ยังแสดงตนว่าให้ความเคารพต่อจักรวรรดิไบแซนไทน์และกฎหมายโรมัน ศาสนาคริสต์ยังคงดำรงเป็นศาสนาประจำรัฐ เครื่องราชสัญลักษณ์ยังถูกใช้ในพิธีสาธารณะ ทั้งหมดนี้เป็นฉากหน้าของการพยายามรักษาภาพความต่อเนื่องในขณะที่แก่นของอำนาจได้เปลี่ยนไปแล้วโดยสิ้นเชิง

ประวัติศาสตร์ช่วงนี้สอนให้เห็นว่า การเปลี่ยนแปลงใหญ่ในระดับอารยธรรมมักถูกซ่อนเร้นอยู่ภายใต้ความเฉื่อยของสังคมที่ไม่ยอมรับความเป็นจริง คนในยุคนั้นไม่ได้รู้สึกว่าโรมล่มสลายไปแล้ว พวกเขาเพียงรู้สึกว่าชีวิตยังดำเนินต่อไปได้ แม้ภายใต้ระเบียบใหม่ที่ซ้อนทับเข้ามาโดยไม่ได้ประกาศตนอย่างเป็นทางการ ความเปลี่ยนแปลงที่แท้จริงจึงไม่ใช่เหตุการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในวันใดวันหนึ่ง แต่เป็นกระบวนการค่อยเป็นค่อยไปที่อาศัยแรงเฉื่อยของความเชื่อเก่าว่าสิ่งต่างๆ “ยังเหมือนเดิม”

ผู้เขียนใช้ตัวอย่างนี้เพื่อสะท้อนมาสู่โลกปัจจุบันว่า แม้ตัวอย่างโรมจะดูไกลตัว แต่ก็มีลักษณะใกล้เคียงกับสิ่งที่เรากำลังเผชิญอยู่ ระบบรัฐชาติสมัยใหม่ก็อาจกำลังเข้าสู่ภาวะเสื่อมถอยโดยที่คนส่วนใหญ่ยังไม่รู้ตัวเช่นเดียวกัน หนังสือเล่มนี้จึงไม่ได้ตั้งต้นจากการคาดเดาอนาคตอย่างลอย ๆ หากแต่เสนอว่า เราจะเข้าใจอนาคตได้ดีขึ้น ถ้าเริ่มจากการเรียนรู้กระบวนการเปลี่ยนผ่านในอดีต โดยเฉพาะพลวัตทางการเมืองและตรรกะของอำนาจ

จุดเปลี่ยนของโรมันไม่เพียงแต่แสดงให้เห็นการล่มสลายของรัฐรวมศูนย์ แต่ยังเผยให้เห็นว่าการล่มสลายนั้นสามารถเปิดทางให้กิจกรรมทางเศรษฐกิจในท้องถิ่นเบ่งบานขึ้นได้ ในยุคของเรา แม้สาเหตุจะต่างกัน — โรมล่มเพราะขยายเกินตัว เศรษฐกิจเกษตรกรรมไม่สามารถรองรับภาระรัฐ การเก็บภาษีที่หนักหนาและทหารที่ใช้อำนาจในทางมิชอบ — แต่สิ่งที่คล้ายกันคือ การไม่ยอมรับต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่กำลังก่อตัว

เรายังเห็นการเปรียบเทียบถึงผลกระทบจากโรคระบาดในอดีต เช่น โรคฝีดาษที่ทำให้โรมอ่อนแอลง เช่นเดียวกับความกังวลเรื่องไวรัสกลายพันธุ์ในยุคปัจจุบัน ที่บ่งชี้ถึงความเปราะบางของโครงสร้างสังคม แม้รูปแบบของภัยคุกคามจะต่างกัน แต่สิ่งที่เหมือนกันคือ “ความไม่พร้อมของระบบ” ที่จะรับมือกับความเปลี่ยนแปลงใหญ่

แต่สิ่งสำคัญที่สุดที่ผู้เขียนต้องการชี้ ไม่ใช่แค่สาเหตุของการล่มสลาย แต่คือความจริงที่ว่า ผู้คนในยุคนั้น “ไม่เห็น” ว่าตนเองอยู่ในจุดเปลี่ยน เพราะแรงเฉื่อยทางความคิดและการเมืองทำให้พวกเขายึดมั่นในสิ่งที่เคยรู้จัก โดยไม่รู้เลยว่าโลกได้เคลื่อนเข้าสู่ระยะใหม่แล้ว และเราทุกวันนี้ก็อาจกำลังทำเช่นเดียวกัน

เรากำลังอยู่ในช่วงเวลาที่ไมโครโปรเซสเซอร์ เทคโนโลยีดิจิทัล และโครงสร้างไร้ศูนย์กลางจะเปลี่ยนกฎเกณฑ์ของอำนาจอย่างรุนแรง แต่ผู้คนกลับพยายามตีความสิ่งเหล่านี้ผ่านเลนส์ของโครงสร้างอุตสาหกรรมแบบเดิม ซึ่งอาจทำให้พลาดโอกาสที่จะเข้าใจการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่แท้จริง

ผู้เขียนเตือนว่าแม้บางหนังสือว่าด้วยอนาคตจะเต็มไปด้วยข้อมูล แต่กลับพาเราเข้าใจผิด เพราะยังยึดติดอยู่กับกรอบคิดเดิม เช่น การเชื่อว่ามนุษย์สามารถควบคุมทิศทางประวัติศาสตร์ได้เสมอ ทั้งที่ในความจริงแล้ว ปัจจัยที่ขับเคลื่อนการเปลี่ยนแปลงทางประวัติศาสตร์นั้น มักเป็นเงื่อนไขพื้นฐานที่มนุษย์ควบคุมไม่ได้ และไม่ได้อยู่ในความสนใจของการเมืองกระแสหลัก

มนุษย์มักไม่เปลี่ยนแปลงเพราะ “ต้องการเปลี่ยน” แต่เพราะ “ไม่เปลี่ยนไม่ได้แล้ว” และการเปลี่ยนแปลงเหล่านั้นมักเกิดสวนทางกับความต้องการของคนส่วนใหญ่ที่อยากรักษาสถานะเดิม

ชีวิตที่ขาดวิสัยทัศน์

ความไม่ตระหนักถึงการเปลี่ยนแปลงอันยิ่งใหญ่ที่กำลังก่อตัวขึ้นรอบตัวเรา อาจไม่ได้เกิดจากความไม่รู้ แต่เพราะเราลึกๆ แล้ว “ไม่อยากเห็น” ความเปลี่ยนแปลงนั้นเอง ความต้านทานนี้ไม่ใช่เรื่องใหม่ บรรพบุรุษของเราที่ดำรงชีพด้วยการล่าสัตว์และหาของป่าก็อาจเคยดื้อรั้นไม่ต่างกัน เพียงแต่พวกเขามีข้อแก้ตัวที่ฟังขึ้นมากกว่า เพราะในยุคก่อนประวัติศาสตร์ ไม่มีใครอาจคาดเดาว่า “การปฏิวัติการเกษตร” จะเปลี่ยนโลกไปในระดับใด พวกเขาไม่มีปฏิทิน ไม่มีการบันทึก ไม่มีแบบจำลองใดจากอดีตให้ใช้ทำนายอนาคต แม้แต่แนวคิดเรื่อง “เวลา” ก็ยังไม่มีอยู่ในจิตสำนึก พวกเขาใช้ชีวิตอยู่ใน “ปัจจุบันที่ไม่สิ้นสุด” และเมื่อพูดถึงการคาดการณ์อนาคต พวกเขาก็เป็นเหมือน “คนตาบอด” ที่ยังไม่เคยลิ้มรส “ผลไม้แห่งความรู้” (ตามคำเปรียบในพระคัมภีร์) แต่ต่างจากพวกเขา พวกเราในวันนี้มีเครื่องมือและมุมมองที่ลึกซึ้งกว่า จากองค์ความรู้ของบรรพบุรุษกว่าสี่ห้าร้อยรุ่น วิทยาศาสตร์ คณิตศาสตร์ และอัลกอริธึมของคอมพิวเตอร์ความเร็วสูง ช่วยให้เราทำความเข้าใจระบบที่ซับซ้อนอย่างเศรษฐกิจมนุษย์และพลวัตของสังคมได้ดียิ่งขึ้น แม้ทฤษฎีเศรษฐศาสตร์จะไม่สามารถอธิบายพฤติกรรมมนุษย์ได้แบบสมบูรณ์ แต่ก็ทำให้เราเข้าใจว่า “แรงจูงใจ” คือแรงผลักดันสำคัญ เมื่อผลตอบแทนสูงขึ้น หรือความเสี่ยงต่ำลง พฤติกรรมย่อมเกิดขึ้นถี่ขึ้น และนี่คือหลักการที่แม่นยำอย่างยิ่งในการวิเคราะห์อนาคต

แรงจูงใจนี้เองที่เป็นหัวใจของการพยากรณ์ และการพยากรณ์ที่ดีไม่ได้ขึ้นกับการรู้เหตุการณ์ล่วงหน้าแบบเฉพาะเจาะจง แต่ขึ้นอยู่กับการเข้าใจโครงสร้างของแรงขับเคลื่อน เช่นเดียวกับที่เราอาจไม่รู้ว่าเมื่อไรเสียงฟ้าร้องจะดังขึ้น แต่เมื่อเห็นฟ้าแลบ ก็สามารถคาดหมายได้ว่าจะมีเสียงตามมา เช่นกัน หากเราสามารถเข้าใจ “ตรรกะของความรุนแรง” ที่กำลังเปลี่ยนไปในระดับการเมืองมหภาคได้ เราก็จะมองเห็น “โอกาส” หรือ “ช่องโหว่” ของระเบียบเดิม และใครจะเป็นผู้ฉวยโอกาสเหล่านั้น

การเปลี่ยนแปลงครั้งใหญ่ในอดีต เช่น การปฏิวัติการเกษตร หรือการเข้าสู่ยุคอุตสาหกรรม ล้วนเกิดขึ้นช้าและกินเวลาหลายศตวรรษกว่าจะเผยผลเต็มที่ ในทางตรงกันข้าม การเปลี่ยนผ่านสู่ยุคสารสนเทศกลับเกิดขึ้นรวดเร็วเพียงช่วงชีวิตเดียว

ผู้เขียนวางกรอบเพื่อให้เราเข้าใจว่า การเปลี่ยนแปลงทางการเมืองมหภาคมักมาก่อนการเปลี่ยนแปลงในโครงสร้างของรัฐอย่างเป็นรูปธรรม รายได้ที่ลดลง วิกฤตที่เกิดจากทรัพยากรจำกัด และแรงกดดันจากประชากร ล้วนเป็นผลพลอยได้จากความไม่สามารถของระเบียบเดิมในการรองรับแรงกระแทกของโลกใหม่ และการพูดถึงการเปลี่ยนแปลงจาก “ภายนอกระบบ” มักถูกห้ามหรือมองว่าเป็นเรื่องต้องห้ามในทุกยุคทุกสมัย ยิ่งไปกว่านั้น การเปลี่ยนแปลงในระดับนี้มักก่อให้เกิดแรงปะทะทางวัฒนธรรมระหว่างผู้ที่ยึดมั่นในกรอบศีลธรรมดั้งเดิมกับผู้ที่เปิดรับแนวคิดใหม่ และไม่ใช่เรื่องแปลกที่การเปลี่ยนแปลงเช่นนี้จะไม่เป็นที่นิยม เพราะมันลดคุณค่าของทุนทางปัญญาเดิม ทำให้ระบบเก่าไร้ความหมาย และบีบบังคับให้สังคมต้องเรียนรู้ใหม่เกือบทั้งหมด โดยเฉพาะในกลุ่มคนที่ได้รับผลกระทบโดยตรง

สัญญาณของการเสื่อมถอยมักปรากฏในรูปของคอร์รัปชัน ความไร้ประสิทธิภาพ และการสูญเสียศีลธรรมของผู้มีอำนาจ ซึ่งมักเป็นสัญญาณล่วงหน้าของการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่หลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้ ยิ่งในยุคที่เทคโนโลยีก้าวหน้าเร็วขึ้น กระบวนการเหล่านี้ก็จะยิ่งเร่งตัว จนทำให้เวลาที่เหลืออยู่สำหรับการปรับตัวลดลงเรื่อย ๆ

"เมื่อมองย้อนกลับไปตลอดหลายศตวรรษ — หรือแม้แต่แค่ในปัจจุบัน — เราจะเห็นได้อย่างชัดเจนว่า มีผู้คนจำนวนมากที่สร้างรายได้(บ่อยครั้งเป็นรายได้จำนวนมาก) จากทักษะในการใช้ความรุนแรงผ่านอาวุธ และกิจกรรมของพวกเขาเหล่านี้มีบทบาทอย่างสำคัญยิ่งในการกำหนดว่าทรัพยากรที่มีอยู่จำกัดในสังคมจะถูกจัดสรรไปในทิศทางใด." --เฟรเดอริก ซี. เลน

แนวคิดของการเมืองมหภาค(megapolitics) เป็นกรอบความคิดที่ทรงพลัง ซึ่งช่วยให้เรามองเห็นกลไกเบื้องหลังเหตุการณ์ที่ดูซับซ้อนหรือลึกลับในประวัติศาสตร์ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นเหตุผลที่บางรัฐบาลเจริญรุ่งเรือง ขณะที่บางแห่งกลับล่มสลาย เหตุใดสงครามจึงอุบัติขึ้น และเหตุใดฝ่ายหนึ่งจึงมีชัย หรือแม้กระทั่งว่าอะไรเป็นตัวแปรที่กำหนดวงจรแห่งความรุ่งเรืองและความตกต่ำทางเศรษฐกิจ ทั้งหมดล้วนสามารถอธิบายได้ผ่านเลนส์ของการเมืองมหภาค ซึ่งเน้นวิเคราะห์ว่า "ต้นทุนและผลตอบแทนของการใช้ความรุนแรง" เปลี่ยนไปอย่างไรในแต่ละบริบทของเวลา หากต้นทุนในการใช้อำนาจบังคับลดต่ำลง เช่น การเข้าถึงอาวุธที่ง่ายขึ้นและราคาถูกลง ก็ทำให้อำนาจเปลี่ยนมือได้ง่ายขึ้นตามไปด้วย หลักการนี้ยังคงใช้ได้ตั้งแต่ยุคโบราณจนถึงโลกยุคไซเบอร์สเปซในปัจจุบัน

ใน Part 2 เราจะมาดูกันว่ามีปัจจัยอะไรบ้างที่อยู่เบื้องหลังการเปลี่ยนแปลงครั้งใหญ่ในประวัติศาสตร์ to be continue....

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This foundational philosophy positioned her as the principal architect of the climactic finale of the Reconquista—a protracted campaign that sought to reclaim territories under Muslim dominion. Her decisive participation in military operations against the Emirate of Granada not only consummated centuries of Christian reclamation endeavors but also heralded the advent of a transformative epoch in both Spanish and European identity, intertwining religious zeal with nationalistic aspirations and setting the stage for the emergence of a unified Spanish state that would exert significant influence on European dynamics for centuries to come.

Image Above Map Of Th Iberias

During the era of governance overseen by Muhammad XII, historically identified as Boabdil, the Kingdom of Granada was characterized by a pronounced trajectory of decline, beset by significant internal dissent and acute dynastic rivalry, factors that fundamentally undermined its structural integrity. The political landscape of the emirate was marked by fragmentation, most notably illustrated by the contentious relationship between Boabdil and his uncle, the militarily adept El Zagal, whose formidable martial capabilities further exacerbated the emirate's geopolitical vulnerabilities, thereby impairing its capacity to effectively mobilize resistance against the encroaching coalition of Christian forces. Nevertheless, it is imperative to acknowledge the strategic advantages conferred by Granada’s formidable mountainous terrain, coupled with the robust fortifications of its urban centers. This geographical and structural fortitude, augmented by the fervent determination and resilience of the local populace, collectively contributed to Granada's status as a critical and tenacious stronghold of Islamic governance in the broader Iberian Peninsula during this tumultuous epoch.

The military campaign initiated was precipitated by the audacious territorial annexation of Zahara by the Emirate in the annum 1481—a pivotal juncture that served as a catalytic impetus for the martial engagement orchestrated by the Catholic Monarchs, Isabel I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon.

Image Above Monarchs Of Castilles

What subsequently unfolded was an arduous protracted conflict, extending over a decade, characterized by a series of decisive military confrontations—most notably the Battle of Alhama, the skirmishes at Loja and Lucena, the strategic recapture of Zahara, and engagements in Ronda, Málaga, Baza, and Almería. Each of these encounters elucidates the intricate dynamics of military triumph entwined with the perils of adversity. Isabel's role transcended mere symbolic representation; she emerged as an astute logistical architect, meticulously structuring supply chains, provisioning her armies with necessary resources, and advocating for military advancements, including the tactical incorporation of Lombard artillery into the operational theater. Her dual presence—both on the battlefield and within the strategic command—interwove deep-seated piety with formidable power, unifying administrative efficiency with unyielding ambition.

In the face of profound personal adversities, exemplified by the heart-wrenching stillbirth of her progeny amidst the tumultuous electoral campaign, Isabel exhibited a remarkable steadfastness in her quest for triumph. Her strategic leadership catalyzed a transformative evolution in the constructs of monarchical power, ingeniously intertwining the notion of divine right—a historically entrenched justification for sovereign authority—with pragmatic statecraft underpinned by the imperatives of efficacious governance and stringent military discipline. The opposition posed by El Zagal, characterized by his indefatigable efforts and tenacious resistance, elongated the duration of the campaign; however, the indomitable spirit and cohesive resolve of the Catholic Monarchs emerged as an insuperable force, compelling the eventual culmination of their aspirations into a definitive victory.

The capitulation of the Emirate of Granada in the month of January in the year 1492 represents a pivotal moment in the historical continuum of the Iberian Peninsula, transcending the mere conclusion of the protracted series of military engagements known as the Reconquista. This momentous event is emblematic of the intricate process of state-building that led to the establishment of a cohesive Spanish nation-state fundamentally predicated on the precepts of Christian hegemony. Furthermore, it delineates the cusp of an imperial epoch characterized by expansionist ambitions fueled by religious zealotry. The ramifications of this surrender profoundly altered the sociocultural and political framework of the region, precipitating the coerced conversion and expulsion of significant Jewish and Muslim populations—a demographic upheaval that would serve to reinforce the ideological paradigms that underpinned the subsequent institution of the Spanish Inquisition, a systematic apparatus of religious persecution aimed at maintaining ideological conformity and unity under the Catholic Monarchs.

Image Above Surrender At Granada

In a broader historical context, the capitulation of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada transpired concurrently with the inaugural expedition undertaken by the navigator Christopher Columbus, both events being facilitated under the auspices of Queen Isabel I of Castile. This significant temporal nexus serves to underscore the confluence of the termination of Islamic hegemony in the Iberian Peninsula with the commencement of European maritime exploration on a grand scale. Such a juxtaposition of religiously motivated conquest and the zealous pursuit of transoceanic exploration precipitated a paradigm shift in the trajectory of global history. It catalyzed the ascendance of the Spanish Empire, thereby marking the nascent stages of European colonial endeavors throughout the Americas.

Image Above Columbus At The Spanish Court

This epochal transformation not only redefined territorial dominion but also initiated profound socio-economic and cultural repercussions across continents, forever altering the intricate tapestry of human civilization.

Consequently, the cessation of hostilities in Granada should not merely be interpreted as the conclusion of a protracted medieval conflict; rather, it represents a critical juncture that fundamentally reoriented the socio-political landscape of the Old World while concurrently heralding the advent of modernity. The pivotal contributions of Queen Isabel I in this transformative epoch position her as an extraordinarily significant historical figure—an autocrat whose strategic foresight, resilience, and zeal indelibly influenced the trajectory of nations and entire continents across the globe.

@ e97aaffa:2ebd765d

Se este movimento de desglobalização continuar, poderá provocar uma cisão no mundo geopolítico, criar dois grandes blocos económicos, uma nova guerra fria.

Se isso se concretizar, quantos anos vão ser necessários para o S&P500 superar máximos históricos em termos reais, em poder de compra?

Em valores nominais vai ser rápido, o governo dos EUA vai imprimir tanto dinheiro, rapidamente vai superar máximos, mas em termos reais, vai demorar muitos anos.

Até agora, todo o mundo estava a investir nos EUA, mas se os países do bloco oriental, sobretudo a China, deixarem de investir em ações, obrigações e moeda dos EUA, irá provocar uma enorme redução de liquidez e na procura/demanda, não vai ser fácil ultrapassar isso.

Nos US Treasury, o afastamento da China começou em 2014(1° guerra da Ucrânia), mas o movimento acelerou em 2022(2° guerra da Ucrânia).

Os EUA, ao congelar as reservas da Rússia, ao utilizar as reservas como uma arma de guerra, “assustaram” a China e outros países. As sanções à Rússia e como esta fez para contornar as sanções foi um case study para a China.

Como o objetivo da China é recuperar Taiwan, sabe que sofrerá as mesmas represálias que hoje a Rússia sofre, por isso a China tem que se afastar da economia dos EUA.

A China está a trocar US Treasury por outros ativos e por outras geografias, o principal beneficiado foi o ouro, um ativo soberano, que não tem problemas de contraparte.

Este movimento da China foi bem visível no preço do ouro no último ano, uma valorização superior a 42%.

Mas não é só a China que está a apostar no ouro, são diversos, mas sobretudo composta por países do bloco oriental.

Enquanto, Taiwan for a fábrica do mundo nos semicondutores, estarão protegidos pelo guarda-chuva dos EUA. Mas os EUA, estão a construir fábricas próprias, quando forem auto-suficientes, vão descartar o “guarda-chuva”, Taiwan não terá qualquer hipótese sobre o poderio da China.

A China pensa sempre a longo prazo, estão apenas a aguardar, isto poderá estar para muito em breve.

Se isto se confirmar, o S&P500 poderá demorar décadas para recuperar desta crise, em termos de poder de compra.

@ 86dfbe73:628cef55

Mit dem Internet kam das Ende der Massengesellschaft. Heutzutage sind Öffentlichkeit im Allgemeinen und die digitale Öffentlichkeit im Besonderen nur als Netzwerk verstehbar. Nicht als Netzwerk zur Kommunikation, sondern als Netzwerk der Beziehungen, bestehend aus den Erwartungen, Kenntnissen und letztlich bestehend aus dem Vertrauen, das Menschen gegenüber anderen Menschen und Institutionen aufzubauen pflegen. Wichtig ist nicht mehr, wo jemand eine Information plaziert, wichtig ist, wann und wer und unter Einbeziehung welcher Faktoren diese abfragt.

In Sozialen Netzwerken entscheidet jeder selbst, wem er folgt. Er entscheidet selbst, wie die eigene Startseite, der eigene Blick auf den Dienst, aussieht. Als Beispiel sei hier Twitter erwähnt. Aus der Liste der Gefolgten wird die Timeline generiert, die eine Wirklichkeit abbildet, die einzig und alleine von den Following-Entscheidungen des Nutzers bestimmt ist.

Die Beziehungsweise des Folgens ist eine direkte Willenserklärung, die Inhalte eines Users sehen zu wollen. Sie ist ein Pakt, der auch eine gewisse, wenn auch kleine, Verantwortungsübernahme bedeutet. Und diese Beziehungsweise wurde zum integralen Strukturbaustein der digitalen Öffentlichkeit zwischen 2010 bis 2020 und damit auch zur tragenden Säule vieler Karrieren, Geschäftsmodellen und außerdem zur Grundlage der Selektionsverfahren von kulturellen Trends. Im Follower steckte die Macht.

Die digitale Öffentlichkeit hat aufgehört eine vernetzte Öffentlichkeit zu sein und geht zunehmend in den „For you“-Algorithmen der kommerziellen Plattformen auf. Ab 2020 wurde dem Follower von Diensten wie Tiktok der Gar ausgemacht und von dort setzte sich der „For You-Algoritmus“ auf allen kommerziellen Plattformen durch. Das bedeutet, dass die neue digitale Öffentlichkeit nicht mehr durch menschliche Beziehungen und vernetztes Vertrauen getragen wird, sondern vollends den Steuerungsinstrumenten einer Hand voll Konzernen ausgeliefert ist. Auf einmal bedeutete ein Following nicht mehr die Garantie, dass der Content die Abonnenten erreicht.

Mit der Zerstörung dieser Beziehung entgleiten den Creators ihre medialen Regime und beide, User und Creator werden immer abhängiger vom Algorithmus und arbeiten folglich nur noch für die Interessen der Plattformen, statt für sich selbst.

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Helsinki, the stylish and compact capital of Finland, sits right on the edge of the Baltic Sea, blending Scandinavian design, sustainable living, and a love for nature. It’s a city of clean lines, calm energy, and a creative spirit—where you can go from a seaside sauna to a sleek design museum in minutes.

🧭 Top Things to Do in Helsinki

⛪ Helsinki Cathedral

• The city’s iconic white-domed landmark, perched on Senate Square
• Climb the steps for sweeping views over the city’s neoclassical heart

🏝️ Suomenlinna Sea Fortress

• A UNESCO World Heritage Site spread across several islands
• Explore old ramparts, tunnels, museums, and scenic picnic spots
• A short ferry ride from the city center, perfect for a half-day trip

🧊 Löyly Sauna

• One of Helsinki’s most famous public saunas, right on the waterfront
• Relax in the heat, then dip in the Baltic like a local
• Beautiful architecture and a must-do cultural experience

🏛️ Design District & Museums

• Wander the Design District for boutique shops, galleries, and Finnish fashion
• Visit the Design Museum, Kiasma (contemporary art), and Ateneum (classic Finnish art)

🌲 Nature + Nordic Calm

• Walk along the Esplanadi park or relax in Kaivopuisto by the sea
• Take a boat to the nearby archipelago islands for hiking, birdwatching, or quiet cafés
• Even in winter, the city feels clean, serene, and cozy

☕ Food, Coffee & Nordic Flavors

• Try karjalanpiirakka (Karelian pies), salmon soup, or reindeer meat if you’re adventurous
• Helsinki has a big coffee culture—Finns drink more coffee per capita than anyone!
• Cozy up in a café with a cinnamon pulla and watch the snow fall (or the summer sun glow at midnight)

🚲 Getting Around

• Easy to explore by foot, tram, or city bikes
• Excellent ferries and boats to nearby islands and Tallinn, Estonia
• Helsinki Airport is well-connected and just 30 mins from downtown

📅 When to Go

• Summer: Endless daylight, festivals, and outdoor dining
• Winter: Snowy streets, cozy interiors, and a shot at the Northern Lights if you head north
• Autumn: Ruska (fall colors) is stunning in the parks and forests

@ 3ad01248:962d8a07

It has almost been a month since the Bitcoin friendly Trump administration has been in power. The Bitcoin price was riding high days before and after the election with Bitcoin reaching a new all time high of 109k. It sure seem like surely once Trump got into office the price would skyrocket and everyone finally would have lambos and girlfriends.

Sadly for the number go up crowd this didn't happen. There are no lambos to be found and no girlfriends. All we get is some sideways price action and a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve (BSR).

If you are in Bitcoin for the right reasons and understand what you hold, this is the perfect time to stack sats before the price goes parabolic. I say this because Bitcoin sure seems to be poised to make a massive run. If you look past the current price of Bitcoin you can see a storm of dollars flowing into Bitcoin from the traditional fiat economy. The signs are there if you start looking for them.

US States Creating Bitcoin Strategic Reserves

Guess how many states are considering creating a state level Bitcoin reserve of their own? Lots. Here is a list of states that are thinking about creating a reserve for their state:

• Alabama
• Arizona
• Florida
• Kansas
• Illinois
• Iowa
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Missouri
• Montana
• New Hampshire
• New Jersey
• New Mexico
• North Carolina
• North Dakota
• Ohio
• Pennsylvania
• South Dakota
• Texas
• Utah
• Wisconsin
• Wyoming

Each state is at some varying degree of interest in creating a reserve. Texas and Arizona are by far have made the most progress on making a Bitcoin reserve a reality. Texas is currently holding a public hearing on this at the time of this writing. There is strong political will to create a reserve so I definitely can see them being first movers on this and once Texas makes it a reality the other state will move in short order.

Arizona's strategic reserve bill passed the senate finance committee on a 5-2 which is a big deal in itself but still has a long way to go before it becomes policy. If it passes the Senate it still has to pass the Arizona House of Representatives and signed by Democrat Governor Katie Hobbs, so the odds of this becoming law is slim. Arizona Democrats seem to be anti-Bitcoin in general and any bills coming from Republicans will likely be shoot down or watered down.

Analysts believe that $23 billion could flow into Bitcoin from government reserves which equates to 247k Bitcoin going into government cold storage. I have reservations about governments creating BSR's but if we are going to have them I much rather them be at the state level where it can benefit citizens the most. Especially state pension funds that so many of our firefighters, police and first responders depend on for retirement.

We will probably see a state level BSR created by the end of the year if not sooner. Time will tell.

SAB 121 Repeal

What is SAB 121? SAB 121 or Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 made it problematic for financial institutions to custody digital assets such as Bitcoin for their customers. SAB 121 required institutions to record their holdings as a liability and not an asset.

Naturally banks and other financial institutions didn't see an upside to custody digital assets if it meant taking on liability and having an administration that was hostile to crypto in general. Why take the chance to piss off the government and give them a reason to go after you is probably the reasoning of most bank executives. SAB 121 achieved the goal the Biden administration set out to accomplish, namely stymie Bitcoin adoption by banks and individuals as long as possible.

President Trump swiftly issued a executive order rescinding SAB 121 and with that ushering a new era in the realm of Bitcoin and digital assets in general. Financial institutions now have the ability to explore Bitcoin custody solutions that fit their customer's need without fear of having to record a liability on their books.

As more and more people and business learn about Bitcoin third party custody options are going to be popular. Think about it from a small business owner perspective for a second. They are in the business of selling their widgets for Bitcoin but they don't want to manage the complexity that comes with accounting, taxes etc.. In steps in their local bank that they have been with for years if not decades and starts providing Bitcoin management services. Small business owners would be all over that idea. In the long run I think the repeal of SAB 121 is going to be a bigger deal than states creating Bitcoin strategic reserves.

FASB

Financial Accounting Standards Board or FASB for short has applied fair value accounting rules on Bitcoin and other digital assets. This is a huge deal because it will allow business to realize profit and losses of Bitcoin based on market prices. It also makes it easier for investors who evaluate businesses that hold Bitcoin on their balance sheet. Overall it treats Bitcoin like any other asset that a business would hold.

This accounting rule change will pave the way for more businesses to put Bitcoin on their balance sheet further driving demand for Bitcoin.

Lightning Companies Leading The Way

We all know that L1 Bitcoin can not scale to the entire world and that in order to bring more people into Bitcoin that layer two solutions would have to be built. This has largely been done with the creation of the lightning network which enables seamless peer to peer micropayments in the blink of an eye.

Base layer Bitcoin will certain not be used to buy your daily coffees or gym memberships but lightning will be used for that purpose. Businesses small and large will demand one click on demand solutions to help them accept Bitcoin payments for their businesses. There are plenty of Bitcoin business ready to help business adopt a Bitcoin standard.

Businesses such as Opennode, Zaprite, Voltage, Breez make switching over to a Bitcoin standard easy for businesses to do.

So when you take a step back and really look at the Bitcoin ecosystem it is a lot more mature than most give it credit for and will slowly eat away at fiat currency dominance around the world.

The best thing that you can do is be patient, stack as many sats as you can and educate others about Bitcoin. We all know how fiat currencies end. Our time will come.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

The operational landscape for Nostr relay operators is fraught with multifaceted challenges that not only pertain to technical feasibility but also address pivotal economic realities in an increasingly censored digital environment.

While the infrastructure required to run a Nostr relay can be considered comparatively lightweight in terms of hardware demands, the operators must navigate a spectrum of operational hurdles and associated costs. Key among these are bandwidth allocation, effective spam mitigation, comprehensive security protocols, and the critical need for sustained uptime.

To ensure economic viability amidst these challenges, many relay operators have implemented various strategies, including the introduction of rate limiting mechanisms and subscription-based financial models that leverage user payments to subsidize operational costs. The conundrum remains: how can the Nostr framework evolve to permit relay operators to cultivate at least a singular relay to its fullest operational efficiency?

It is essential to note that while the trajectory of user engagement with these relays remains profoundly unpredictable—analogous to the nebulous impetus behind their initial inception—indicators within our broader economic and sociocultural contexts illuminate potential pathways to harmonizing commercial interests with user interaction through the robust capabilities of websocket relays.

A few musingsI beg you to think about the Evolutionary Trajectory of Nostr Infrastructure Leveraging BDK (Bitcoin Development Kit) and NDK (Nostr Development Kit) in the Context of Sovereign Communication Infrastructure

As the Nostr ecosystem transitions through its iterative phases of maturity, the infrastructure, notably the relays, is projected to undergo significant enhancements to accommodate an array of emerging protocols, particularly highlighted by the Mostr Bridge implementation.

Additionally, the integration of decentralized identity frameworks, exemplified by PKARR (Public-Key Addressable Resource Records), signifies a robust evolutionary step towards fostering user accountability and autonomy.

Moreover, the introduction of sophisticated filtering mechanisms, including but not limited to Set Based Reconciliation techniques, seeks to refine the user interface by enabling more granular control over content visibility and interaction dynamics.

These progressive innovations are meticulously designed to augment the overall user experience while steadfastly adhering to the foundational ethos of the Nostr protocol, which emphasizes the principles of digital freedom, uncurtailed access to publication, and the establishment of a harassment-free digital environment devoid of shadowbanning practices.

Such advancements underscore the balancing act between technological progression and ethical considerations in decentralized communication frameworks.

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

Let’s break it down.

🎭 The Cultural Love for Hype

Trinidadians are no strangers to investing. We invest in pyramid schemes, blessing circles, overpriced insurance packages, corrupt ministries, miracle crusades, and football teams that haven’t kicked a ball in years. Anything wrapped in emotion, religion, or political flag-waving gets support—no questions asked.

Bitcoin, on the other hand, demands research, self-custody, and personal responsibility. That’s not sexy in a culture where people would rather “leave it to God,” “vote them out,” or “put some pressure on the boss man.”

🧠 The Mindset Gap

There’s a deep psychological barrier here:

Fear of responsibility: Bitcoin doesn’t come with customer service. It puts you in control—and that scares people used to blaming the bank, the government, or the devil.

Love for middlemen: Whether it’s pastors, politicians, or financiers, Trinidad loves an “intercessor.” Bitcoin removes them all.

Resistance to abstraction: We’re tactile people. We want paper receipts, printed statements, and "real money." Bitcoin’s digital nature makes it feel unreal—despite being harder money than the TT dollar will ever be.

🔥 What Gets Us Excited

Let a pastor say God told him to buy a jet—people pledge money.

Let a politician promise a ghost job—people campaign.

Let a friend say he knows a man that can flip $100 into $500—people sign up.

But tell someone to download a Bitcoin wallet, learn about self-custody, and opt out of inflation?

They tell you that’s a scam.

⚖️ The Harsh Reality

Trinidad is on the brink of a currency crisis. The TT dollar is quietly bleeding value. Bank fees rise, foreign exchange is a riddle, and financial surveillance is tightening.

Bitcoin is an escape hatch—but it requires a new kind of mindset: one rooted in self-education, long-term thinking, and personal accountability. These aren’t values we currently celebrate—but they are values we desperately need.

🟠 A Guide to Starting with Bitcoin in Trinidad

1. Understand Bitcoin

It’s not a stock or company. It’s a decentralized protocol like email—but for money.

It’s finite. Only 21 million will ever exist.

It’s permissionless. No bank, government, or pastor can block your access.

1. Get a Wallet

Start with Phoenix Wallet or Blue Wallet (for Lightning).

If you're going offline, learn about SeedSigner or Trezor for cold storage.

1. Earn or Buy BTC

Use Robosats or Peach for peer-to-peer (P2P) trading.

Ask your clients to pay in Bitcoin.

Zap content on Nostr to earn sats.

1. Secure It

Learn about seed phrases, hardware wallets, and multisig options.

Never leave your coins on exchanges.

Consider a steel backup plate.

1. Use It

Pay others in BTC.

Accept BTC for services.

Donate to freedom tech projects or communities building open internet tools.

🧭 Case In Point

Bitcoin isn’t just technology. It’s a mirror—one that reveals who we really are. Trinidad isn’t slow to adopt Bitcoin because it’s hard. We’re slow because we don’t want to let go of the comfort of being misled.

But times are changing. And the first person to wake up usually ends up leading the others.

So maybe it’s time.

Maybe you are the one to bring Bitcoin to Trinidad—not by shouting, but by living it.

@ c239c0f9:fa4a5015

Block: #893398 - April 2025

The Monthly Thunderbolt Dispatch on Bitcoin layers two innovations, aggregating the Best posts about the ~Lightning Network and others Bitcoin L2 solution- Exclusively on Stacker.News

It's again that time of the month, time to catch up with the latest features and trends that are shaping the future of Bitcoin—the very first and most commented insights from around the SN world. In every issue arrives expert analysis, in-depth interview, and breaking news of the most significant advancements in the Bitcoin layer two solutions.

Subscribe and make sure you don’t miss anything about the ~Lightning Revolution!

Now let's focus on the top five items for each category, an electrifying selection that hope you'll be able to read before next edition.

Happy Zapping!

---

Top ~Lightning posts

Most zapranked posts this month:

1. Use RIZFUL as your BTCPay Server lightning node via NWC by @supratic 10.2k sats \ 2 comments \ 14 Apr

2. c-otto.de routing node history with a bit of data by @C_Otto 6301 sats \ 31 comments \ 23 Mar

3. Phoenix Wallet available again in the US by @Scoresby 4696 sats \ 29 comments \ 8 Apr

4. Short Text Note: Cashu is coming to ZEUS. by @supratic 5270 sats \ 13 comments \ 1 Apr

5. Hydrus - Automating lightning liquidity management by @aftermath 2281 sats \ 9 comments \ 27 Mar

---

Top posts by comments

Excluding the ones already mentioned above, you can see them all here (excluding those already listed above):

1. Liquidity squeezing from your node by @k00b 644 sats \ 20 comments \ 5 Apr

2. ZEUS starting to open up Cashu test builds to community sponsors. by @supratic 499 sats \ 14 comments \ 6 Apr

3. Ask Node Runners: What is the longest lived LN channel you have? by @DarthCoin 276 sats \ 12 comments \ 10 Apr

4. What's the best way to accept lightning payments on Wordpress + WooCommerce? by @Jon_Hodl 1879 sats \ 12 comments \ 10 Apr

5. Lightning node over tor by @BallLightning 219 sats \ 9 comments \ 28 Mar

---

Top ~Lightning Boosts

Check them all here.

1. Missing r/place? LNboard.com is the Lightning Network's Anarchy Art Gallery by @f0e6f4f43b 905 sats \ 40k boost \ 20 comments \ 2 Apr

2. Try out the Ark protocol on signet by @nwoodfine 2083 sats \ 30k boost \ 12 comments \ 19 Mar

3. Amboss CEO On Growth Of The Lightning Network, Tether (USDT) On Lightning by @Jestopher_BTC 577 sats \ 20k boost \ 10 comments \ 19 Feb

4. Building Self Custody Lightning in 2025 by @k00b 2293 sats \ 10k boost \ 8 comments \ 23 Jan

---

Top Lightning posts outside ~Lightning

This month best posts about the Lightning Network outside ~Lightning territory:

1. I made a game with Lightning where you can earn some sats by @stacks 4732 sats \ 46 comments \ 17 Apr on ~bitcoin

2. "Lightning self custody works for 100 million users" "But it needs 10 billion!!" by @standardcrypto 2998 sats \ 22 comments \ 24 Mar on ~bitcoin

3. 24 Hours of Lightning: Watch LNboard.com's First Day Unfold by @f0e6f4f43b 809 sats \ 8 comments \ 2 Apr on ~bitcoin

4. Lightning Payments Tour by Yopaki by @PlebLab 355 sats \ 0 comments \ 11 Apr on ~builders

5. 👀 My Bitcoin Startup Company Portfolio through Lightning Ventures. 👀 by @BlokchainB 965 sats \ 13 comments \ 16 Apr on ~Stacker_Stocks

---

Forever top ~Lightning posts

La crème de la crème... check them all here. Nothing has changed this month!

1. 👨‍🚀 We're releasing 𝗔𝗟𝗕𝗬 𝗚𝗢 - the easiest lightning mobile wallet by @Alby 29.2k sats \ 41 comments \ 25 Sep 2024 on ~lightning

2. Building Self Custody Lightning in 2025 by @k00b 2303 sats \ 8 comments \ 22 Jan on ~lightning

3. Lightning Wallets: Self-Custody Despite Poor Network - Apps Tested in Zimbabwe by @anita 72.8k sats \ 39 comments \ 28 Jan 2024 on ~lightning

4. How to Attach Your self-hosted LNbits wallet to SEND/RECEIVE sats to/from SN by @supratic 1765 sats \ 18 comments \ 23 Sep 2024 on ~lightning

5. A Way to Use Stacker News to improve your Zap Receiving by @bzzzt 1652 sats \ 22 comments \ 15 Jul 2024 on ~lightning

---

Forever top Lightning posts outside ~Lightning

The rise of Supertestnet at #5, congrats!

1. Rethinking Lightning by @benthecarman with 51.6k sats \ 137 comments \ 6 Jan 2024 on ~bitcoin

2. Lightning Everywhere by @TonyGiorgio with 12k sats \ 27 comments \ 24 Jul 2023 on ~bitcoin

3. Lightning is dead, long live the Lightning! by @supertestnet and zaps forwarded to @anita (50%) @k00b (50%) 6321 sats \ 28 comments \ @tolot 27 Oct 2023 on ~bitcoin

4. Lightning Is Doomed by @Rsync25 2450 sats \ 15 comments \ 27 Nov 2023 on ~bitcoin

5. Bisq2 adds lightning by @supertestnet 3019 sats \ 47 comments \ 19 Aug 2024 on ~bitcoin

---

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

The inherent heterogeneity of relay types within this ecosystem not only enhances operational agility but also significantly contributes to the overall robustness and resilience of the network architecture, empowering it to endure systemic assaults or coordinated initiatives designed to suppress specific content.

In examining the technical underpinnings of the Nostr protocol, relays are characterized by their exceptional adaptability, permitting deployment across an extensive variety of hosting environments configured to achieve targeted operational objectives.

For example, strategically deploying relays in jurisdictions characterized by robust legal protections for free expression can provide effective countermeasures against local censorship and pervasive legal restrictions in regions plagued by oppressive control.

This strategic operational framework mirrors the approaches adopted by whistleblowers and activists who deliberately position their digital platforms or mirrored content within territories boasting more favorable regulatory environments regarding internet freedoms.

Alternatively, relays may also be meticulously configured to operate exclusively within offline contexts—functioning within localized area networks or leveraging air-gapped computational configurations.

Such offline relays are indispensable in scenarios necessitating disaster recovery, secure communication frameworks, or methods for grassroots documentation, thereby safeguarding sensitive data from unauthorized access, ensuring its integrity against tampering, and preserving resilience in the face of both potential disruptions in internet connectivity and overarching surveillance efforts.

@ dbb19ae0:c3f22d5a

Notice this consistent apparitioon in the timeline of something that reflects a major key shift in tech:

---

💾 1980s – The Personal Computer Era

• IBM PC (1981) launches the home computing revolution.
• Rise of Apple II, Commodore 64, etc.
• Storage is local and minimal.
• Paradigm shift: Computing becomes personal.

---

🎮 1990s – Networking & Gaming

• LAN parties, DOOM (1993) popularizes multiplayer FPS.
• Early internet (dial-up, BBS, IRC).
• There is lots of room for connecting PC.
• Paradigm shift: Networked interaction begins.

---

🌐 2000s – The Internet Boom

• Web 2.0, broadband, Google, Wikipedia.
• Rise of forums, blogs, file sharing.
• A bigger need of interaction is looming
• Storage is on cd and dvd.
• Paradigm shift: Global information access explodes.

---

📱 2010s – Social Media & Mobile

• Facebook, Twitter, Instagram dominate.
• Smartphones become ubiquitous.
• Bitcoin appears and start a revolution.
• Collecting personal data from users to fuel the next shift.
• Paradigm shift: Always-connected, algorithmic society.

---

🤖 2020s – AI & Decentralization

• GPT, Stable Diffusion, Midjourney, Copilot.
• Blockchain, Nostr, Web3 experiments.
• Storage is in the cloud.
• Paradigm shift: Autonomous intelligence and freedom tech emerge.

---

roughly every decade, a tech leap reshapes how we live and think.

@ 57d1a264:69f1fee1

There's any content about SN out there?

In the news: - @BitcoinNews Stacker.News Raises $1.25m Seed Round At $25m Valuation - @Alby blog post explain how Stacker News adds Self-custodial Spending with NWC - @cryotosensei on @0xbitcoiner's website Stacker News encourages deep sharing ad Random things I learnt about Bitcoin from Stacker News - @anita's Earn bitcoin on Stacker News: People asked and I answered

Recently we have seen an article in BM writing about how PlebLab is shaping the future of bitcoin startups in Austin. SN was mentioned and linked 🎉

Started in 2021 by one of PlebLab’s cofounders Keyan Kousha, Stacker.news has quickly become a hub of news for many tech-savvy Bitcoiners. Boasting an open source Lightning-powered Reddit, the platform has gathered an active and loyal fan base that reward each other with sats for every upvote, often being early to integrate the latest technologies in the Bitcoin-social media tech scene.

In the past it has also only mentioned here.

From a startup pitch perspective:

Developer of a news platform intended for individuals to earn real money for creating and curating content. The company's platform specializes in allowing individuals to submit, vote, and comment on content, stories, and discussions about the topics in communities organized around their interests, enabling individuals to post content and get paid while reading the news. PitchBook - https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/535835-44#overview

Stacker News is a forum (like Reddit or Hacker News) where you can earn real money for creating or curating content. F6S - https://www.f6s.com/company/stacker-news#about

People talking about SN:

• A stacker shared a Lessons learned from Stacker.news and how SN works. Discourse Co-CEO respond:

  Heh, it’s not a healthy or sustainable model for the types of communities consciously we build for. Definitely not something we would consider building into core but you could make it work with a plugin. Extrinsic motivators attract the wrong people for the wrong reasons, in my experience. Healthy community ecosystems are driven by intrinsic motivation.

• on BitcoinTalk here, here and here. There are probably more posts where it has ben mentioned and discussed.

• HackerNews crowd does not seem too excited about it. Just few comments on each post.

Some review have been collected on @julian's Apollo and ProductHunt.

Let's check what YT has:

Some interviews first. At 2023 ZBD x PlebLab TabConf Hackathon, Keyan Kousha explain Why Not to Use Stacker News

@kr did a great job interviewing k00b when SN was in its infancy - Stacker News Is Growing FAST - Stacker News Is Disrupting Social Media | E17 - Keyan Kousha on Stacker News, Earning Bitcoin, & Decentralized Content | The Kevin Rooke Show | E17 - How Siggy47 Stacked Over 500,000 Sats on Stacker News | SS8

And here some interviews:

• From Setee.io Using Bitcoin to Foster 'Natural Communities' Online w/ Stacker News

Stacker News is a user-generated, feed-style news platform, modeled after Hacker News, but with the important distinction of having natively-integrated bitcoin lightning payments, as a means of fostering more natural communities (think less spam and antisocial behavior), cultivating high-signal bitcoin content, and providing a better user experience overall.

Stacker News is still in the very early days of its development, but it's a great showcase of how bitcoin can be used to improve upon an existing model, and in doing so, explore how improved incentives might influence media publishing, monetization, and moderation.

Keyan is a prime example of someone who caught the bitcoin bug, and just couldn't resist getting involved. The result is a product built with and for bitcoiners, and it was great to have him on the show to explain more about his motivations and ambitions.

• From ~ideasfrommtheedge pod: AI, Simulations, and Startups with Keyan Kousha (Founder, Stacker News)

• @alexstrenger's Convos On The Pedicab #177 Stacker News: A Bitcoiners Alternative To Reddit

• @dk and @MaxAWebster intro on What's new with Stacker.News and Nostr? also shared here

• @ConnectTheWorld stream Keep Austin Weird! Meet Keyan, the founder of Stacker.news

• @Thriller Lightning: Stacker.News Founder Keyan

• 0.00000018: Keyan Kousha, Stacker.News: an interview in the Changing the Tide show here

• @bitcoinplebdev reading top ~devs stories 04/08/2024 and stacker.news codebase overview / how to run locally)

That's the interviews I was able to find. Continuing the dig...

• @TheWildHustle compiles SN ~Music' vibes into YT playlists

• @kdnolan7 on was giving some updates about the ~Education territory here and here

Gradually, then suddenly, the message start to change, and the majority of videos communicate something that is probably, at least from my perspective, not the right way to market a product like SN:

• @SatsMate lay out Why He Love Stacker News!

• @voltage share a story quickly talking how Stacker News is like YCombinators Hacker News but YOU EARN! https://www.youtube.com/shorts/d1xZ3RE9plk

@HattyHats Earn Bitcoin (LN) Blogging with Stacker News

The long list continues: - Earn bitcoin Satoshis Reading & Sharing Content on Stacker.News - First Time Walk Through by @SatoshiTutor - Earn Free Bitcoin | Stacker News Quick Tutorial from Earning Crypto Site - One of the Different Ways to Earn Bitcoin 👉 stacker.news | Bitcoin Lifestyle #2 from @SatoshiComTR - @1100note another Stacker.News story - ...

This list of references can, and probably will, go on and on with the same topic. The message looks like will be always the same: come over, stack sats, stay humble. There's maybe something wrong with the message we share SN out there? Is not what we do, is how we do it, that make the difference. As you can see, there's not much there that refer to quality content, great supportive community, community moderated contents, no ads, no spam, no bots (well, not many) and no ai. Pure human content.

In other successful platforms where people earn money for the contents they create, the money factor is totally hidden, is not their main sales point in the pitch. Look at YT itself. We all know people earn fiat producing and sharing videos, but their comms does not talk about it, at least not the way stackers do. And you'll not find many YTers inviting others to create videos to earn money. Well ok, some do!

Something we could make an effort to improve, is the way we talk about SN. Finding alternative ways to do it is hard, some have been mentioned here https://stacker.news/items/948462/r/Design_r

Just wanted to see how much other quality content is out there talking about SN that is not about stacking sats? Share your best contents, nostr notes, x tweets, blog posts, articles, videos, interviews, reviews or any other media that has been created by others about SN (no memes shill) or that somehow mention it in the comments below.

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/951177

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

Listr

Lister.lol represents a sophisticated web application engineered specifically for the administration and management of Nostr lists. This feature is intrinsically embedded within the Nostr protocol, facilitating users in the curation of personalized feeds and the exploration of novel content. Although its current functionality remains relatively rudimentary, the platform encapsulates substantial potential for enhanced collaborative list management, as well as seamless integration with disparate client applications, effectively functioning as a micro-app within the broader ecosystem.

The trajectory of Nostr is oriented towards the development of robust developer tools (namely, the Nostr Development Kit - NDK), the establishment of comprehensive educational resources, and the cultivation of a dynamic and engaged community of developers and builders.

The overarching strategy emphasizes a decentralized paradigm, prioritizing the growth of small-scale, sustainable enterprises over the dominance of large, centralized corporations. In this regard, a rigorous experimentation with diverse monetization frameworks and the establishment of straightforward, user-friendly applications are deemed critical for the sustained evolution and scalability of the Nostr platform. Nostr's commitment to a decentralized, 'nagar-style' model of development distinguishes it markedly from the more conventional 'cathedral' methodologies employed by other platforms. As it fosters a broad spectrum of developmental outcomes while inherently embracing the properties of emergence. Such principles stand in stark contrast to within a traditional environment, centralized Web2 startup ecosystem, which is why all people need a chance to develop a significant shift towards a more adaptive and responsive design philosophy in involving #Nostr and #Bitcoin.

@ cb4352cd:a16422d7

What happens when artificial intelligence meets Web3? It's no longer just an idea — it's happening, and it's reshaping how we think about applications, economies, and communities online.

AI-as-a-Service in Web3

One of the clearest signs of this shift is the rise of decentralized AI marketplaces. Projects like Bittensor show that users can contribute machine learning models and earn rewards in cryptocurrency.

Another example is Gensyn, linking AI developers to decentralized compute resources.

Verifying AI with Blockchain

Blockchain helps verify AI outputs. Initiatives like Oraichain and Fetch.ai ensure AI agents interact securely and transparently in decentralized ecosystems.

AI-Driven Decentralized Organizations

Projects like SingularityNET explore AI marketplaces and autonomous governance models, creating new possibilities for decentralized coordination.

Generative AI in Web3 Content Creation

Platforms like Alethea AI are building intelligent NFTs that adapt to user interactions. AI-generated quests and dynamic worlds are reshaping GameFi.

The Road Ahead

Beyond Banking Conference by WeFi will spotlight how AI and Web3 are converging to redefine ownership, collaboration, and the very nature of the internet.

The question isn't whether AI and Web3 will merge — it's how quickly their union will reshape everything we know about digital life.

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

SISTEMA OPERACIONAL MÓVEIS

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SISTEMA OPERACIONAL DESKTOP

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PGP

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Por que eu escrevi PGP. - Philip Zimmermann.

https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvysn94gm8prxn3jw04r0xwc6sngkskg756z48jsyrmqssvxtm7ncpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wd68ytnzv9hxgtchzxnad

VPN

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I2P

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Criando e acessando sua conta Email na I2P : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9v9dz897kh8e5lfar0dl7ljltf2fpdathsn3dkdsq7wg4ksr8xfgpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpw8mzum

APLICATIVO 2FA

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GERENCIADOR DE SENHAS

KeepassDX: https://njump.me/nevent1qqswc850dr4ujvxnmpx75jauflf4arc93pqsty5pv8hxdm7lcw8ee8qpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpe0492n

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CHAT MENSAGEM

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E-MAIL

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APP-STORE

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RSS

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VIDEOO CONFERENCIA

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TECLADOS

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OpenBoard : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf7zqkup03yysy67y43nj48q53sr6yym38es655fh9fp6nxpl7rqspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqswcvh3r

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MAPAS

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Organic maps : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstrecuuzkw0dyusxdq7cuwju0ftskl7anx978s5dyn4pnldrkckzqpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezumtp0p5k6ctrd96xzer9dshx7un8qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpl8z3kk

TRADUÇÃO

LibreTranslate : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs953g3rhf0m8jh59204uskzz56em9xdrjkelv4wnkr07huk20442cpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzeqsx40

REMOÇÃO DOS METADADOS

Scrambled Exif : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2658t702xv66p000y4mlhnvadmdxwzzfzcjkjf7kedrclr3ej7aspyfmhxue69uhk6atvw35hqmr90pjhytngw4eh5mmwv4nhjtnhdaexcep0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpguu0wh

ESTEGANOGRAFIA

PixelKnot: https://njump.me/nevent1qqsrh0yh9mg0lx86t5wcmhh97wm6n4v0radh6sd0554ugn354wqdj8gpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfdupzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqyuvfqdp

PERFIL DE TRABALHO

Shelter : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspv9xxkmfp40cxgjuyfsyczndzmpnl83e7gugm7480mp9zhv50wkqpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzdnu59c

PDF

MuPDF : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspn5lhe0dteys6npsrntmv2g470st8kh8p7hxxgmymqa95ejvxvfcpzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs4hvhvj

Librera Reader : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsg60flpuf00sash48fexvwxkly2j5z9wjvjrzt883t3eqng293f3cpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz39tt3n

QR-Code

Binary Eye : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz4n0uxxx3q5m0r42n9key3hchtwyp73hgh8l958rtmae5u2khgpgpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzdmn4wp

Climático

Breezy Weather : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs9hjz5cz0y4am3kj33xn536uq85ydva775eqrml52mtnnpe898rzspzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgpd3tu8

ENCRYPTS

Cryptomator : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsvchvnw779m20583llgg5nlu6ph5psewetlczfac5vgw83ydmfndspzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsx7ppw9

VeraCrypt : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsf6wzedsnrgq6hjk5c4jj66dxnplqwc4ygr46l8z3gfh38q2fdlwgm65ej3

EXTENSÕES

uBlock Origin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswaa666lcj2c4nhnea8u4agjtu4l8q89xjln0yrngj7ssh72ntwzql8ssdj

Snowflake : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs0ws74zlt8uced3p2vee9td8x7vln2mkacp8szdufvs2ed94ctnwchce008

CLOUD

Nextcloud : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2utg5z9htegdtrnllreuhypkk2026x8a0xdsmfczg9wdl8rgrcgg9nhgnm

NOTEPAD

Joplin : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz2a0laecpelsznser3xd0jfa6ch2vpxtkx6vm6qg24e78xttpk0cpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnfw33k76twv4ezuum0vd5kzmp0qgsyh28gd5ke0ztdeyehc0jsq6gcj0tnzatjlkql3dqamkja38fjmeqrqsqqqqqpdu0hft

Standard Notes : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv3596kz3qung5v23cjc4cpq7rqxg08y36rmzgcrvw5whtme83y3s7tng6r

MÚSICA

RiMusic : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsv3genqav2tfjllp86ust4umxm8tr2wd9kq8x7vrjq6ssp363mn0gpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqg42353n

ViMusic : https://njump.me/nevent1qqswx78559l4jsxsrygd8kj32sch4qu57stxq0z6twwl450vp39pdqqpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzjg863j

PODCAST

AntennaPod : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsp4nh7k4a6zymfwqqdlxuz8ua6kdhvgeeh3uxf2c9rtp9u3e9ku8qnr8lmy

VISUALIZAR VIDEO

VLC : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs0lz56wtlr2eye4ajs2gzn2r0dscw4y66wezhx0mue6dffth8zugcl9laky

YOUTUBE

NewPipe : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsdg06qpcjdnlvgm4xzqdap0dgjrkjewhmh4j3v4mxdl4rjh8768mgdw9uln

FreeTube : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsz6y6z7ze5gs56s8seaws8v6m6j2zu0pxa955dhq3ythmexak38mcpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqs5lkjvv

LibreTube : https://snort.social/e/nevent1qqstmd5m6wrdvn4gxf8xyhrwnlyaxmr89c9kjddvnvux6603f84t3fqpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumt0wd68ytnsw43qygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsswwznc

COMPARTILHAMENTO DE ARQUIVOS

OnionShare : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsr0a4ml5nu6ud5k9yzyawcd9arznnwkrc27dzzc95q6r50xmdff6qpydmhxue69uhkummnw3ez6an9wf5kv6t9vsh8wetvd3hhyer9wghxuet59uq3uamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3dv3jhvtnhv4kxcmmjv3jhytnwv46z7qgswaehxw309ahx7tnnw3ezucmj9uq32amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7tcpzamhxue69uhkyarr9e4kcetwv3sh5afwvdhk6tcpzemhxue69uhkummnw3ezucnrdqhxu6twdfsj7qgswaehxw309ahx7um5wghx6mmd9uqjgamnwvaz7tmwdaehgu3wwfhh2mnywfhkx6mzd96xxmmfdejhyuewvdhk6tcppemhxue69uhkummn9ekx7mp0qythwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnwdaehgu3wvfskuep0qyv8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnrw4e8yetwwshxv7tf9ut7qurt

Localsend : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsp8ldjhrxm09cvvcak20hrc0g8qju9f67pw7rxr2y3euyggw9284gpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzuyghqr

Wallet Bitcoin

Ashigaru Wallet : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstx9fz8kf24wgl26un8usxwsqjvuec9f8q392llmga75tw0kfarfcpzamhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuurjd9kkzmpwdejhgtczyp9636rd9ktcjmwfxd7ru5qxjxyn6uch2uhas8utg8wa5hvf6vk7gqcyqqqqqqgvfsrqp

Samourai Wallet : https://njump.me/nevent1qqstcvjmz39rmrnrv7t5cl6p3x7pzj6jsspyh4s4vcwd2lugmre04ecpr9mhxue69uhkummnw3ezucn0denkymmwvuhxxmmd9upzqjagapkjm9ufdhynxlp72qrfrzfawvt4wt7cr795rhw6tkyaxt0yqvzqqqqqqy3rg4qs

CÂMERA

opencamera : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs25glp6dh0crrjutxrgdjlnx9gtqpjtrkg29hlf7382aeyjd77jlqpzpmhxue69uhkumewwd68ytnrwghsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqssxcvgc

OFFICE

Collabora Office : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs8yn4ys6adpmeu3edmf580jhc3wluvlf823cc4ft4h0uqmfzdf99qpz4mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduhsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsj40uss

TEXTOS

O manifesto de um Cypherpunk : https://njump.me/nevent1qqsd7hdlg6galn5mcuv3pm3ryfjxc4tkyph0cfqqe4du4dr4z8amqyspvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqzal0efa

Operations security ( OPSEC) : https://snort.social/e/nevent1qqsp323havh3y9nxzd4qmm60hw87tm9gjns0mtzg8y309uf9mv85cqcpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz8ej9l7

O MANIFESTO CRIPTOANARQUISTA Timothy C. May – 1992. : https://njump.me/nevent1qqspp480wtyx2zhtwpu5gptrl8duv9rvq3mug85mp4d54qzywk3zq9gpvemhxue69uhkv6tvw3jhytnwdaehgu3wwa5kuef0dec82c330g6x6dm8ddmxzdne0pnhverevdkxxdm6wqc8v735w3snquejvsuk56pcvuurxaesxd68qdtkv3nrx6m6v3ehsctwvym8q0mzwfhkzerrv9ehg0t5wf6k2q3qfw5wsmfdj7ykmjfn0sl9qp533y7hx96h9lvplz6pmhd9mzwn9hjqxpqqqqqqz5wq496

Declaração de independência do ciberespaço

• John Perry Barlow - 1996 : https://njump.me/nevent1qqs2njsy44n6p07mhgt2tnragvchasv386nf20ua5wklxqpttf6mzuqpzpmhxue69uhkummnw3ezumt0d5hsygzt4r5x6tvh39kujvmu8egqdyvf84e3w4e0mq0ckswamfwcn5eduspsgqqqqqqsukg4hr

The Cyphernomicon: Criptografia, Dinheiro Digital e o Futuro da Privacidade. escrito por Timothy C. May -Publicado em 1994. :

Livro completo em PDF no Github PrivacyOpenSource.

https://github.com/Alexemidio/PrivacyOpenSource/raw/main/Livros/THE%20CYPHERNOMICON%20.pdf Share

@ 95cb4330:96db706c

Principle:

Reduce internal friction by minimizing unnecessary processes, approvals, and meetings.
Empower small, autonomous teams to make decisions quickly and independently.

---

💡 What It Means

• Bureaucracy kills speed, innovation, and ownership.
• Instead of creating endless layers of management and approval, build the smallest system necessary to enable great work.
• Give teams the trust and tools they need to move fast.

The goal is not chaos, but flexibility with lightweight structure—so the organization stays dynamic as it scales.

---

📈 Why It Matters

✅ Speed is a competitive advantage in entrepreneurship.
✅ Empowered teams are more creative and motivated.
✅ Minimal bureaucracy allows companies to iterate fast and stay customer-focused.

---

🏛️ Examples in Action

• Spotify uses small “squads” with high autonomy and light-touch leadership to maintain speed and innovation.
• Basecamp designs its company around minimal meetings, clear asynchronous communication, and trusting small teams to own outcomes.
• Amazon uses the "two-pizza team" rule—teams should be small enough to be fed with two pizzas.

---

📚 Resources to Explore

• 📄 Spotify’s Engineering Culture – Part 1
• 📖 Basecamp’s Approach to Minimal Management
• 📘 Harvard Business Review on 3 Ways to Improve Your Decision Making
• Spotify Engineering Culture - Part 1 (aka the "Spotify Model")

---

🚀 Action Prompthttps://hbr.org/2018/01/3-ways-to-improve-your-decision-making

Ask yourself:
"What approvals, meetings, or processes can I eliminate or simplify today to help my team move faster?"

Build only as much structure as needed—and no more. Protect creativity, speed, and ownership at all costs.

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Spread across 14 islands and connected by elegant bridges, Stockholm is often called the **"Venice of the North." It blends royal history, cutting-edge design, lush nature, and a laid-back Nordic vibe like few cities can. With cobblestone streets in Gamla Stan, sleek modern art in Södermalm, and serene waterways everywhere, Stockholm is both storybook and futuristic.

🏰 Top Things to Do in Stockholm

🏛️ Gamla Stan (Old Town)

• A beautifully preserved medieval core with colorful buildings, narrow alleys, and cozy cafés
• Visit the Royal Palace, Stockholm Cathedral, and watch the changing of the guard
• Stop by Stortorget Square for the classic photo and a fika (Swedish coffee break)

🖼️ Vasa Museum

• Home to the Vasa warship, which sank on its maiden voyage in 1628 and was miraculously recovered 333 years later
• One of Sweden’s most popular and jaw-dropping museums

🏡 Skansen Open-Air Museum

• A walk through Sweden’s past—complete with historic homes, craft demos, and even Scandinavian animals
• Great for families or anyone curious about Swedish traditions

🌉 Södermalm

• Stockholm’s hip, creative district
• Full of boutique shops, vintage stores, craft coffee, and rooftop bars
• Climb Monteliusvägen for incredible views of the city skyline and Lake Mälaren

🌿 Nature & Water Everywhere

• Take a boat tour of the Stockholm Archipelago, made up of 30,000+ islands
• Kayak through the canals or paddleboard around Kungsholmen
• In summer, locals swim off the rocks in the city or picnic in Djurgården Park

🍽️ Food & Fika

• Try Swedish meatballs, gravad lax, or herring smörgåsbord
• Visit the indoor Östermalm Market Hall for local specialties
• Don’t miss fika culture—coffee + cinnamon buns (kanelbullar) is a must

🚆 Getting Around

• Super walkable and bike-friendly
• Excellent public transport: trams, ferries, metro (Tunnelbana)
• The T-Centralen station even doubles as an underground art gallery

📅 Best Time to Visit

• Summer (June–August): Long sunny days, outdoor festivals, archipelago adventures
• Winter: Christmas markets, cozy cafés, and snow-dusted rooftops
• Year-round appeal with distinct charm in every season

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

Seu teclado não deve se conectar à internet. Privacidade em primeiro lugar. Sempre. Estamos desenvolvendo um teclado moderno que respeita totalmente sua privacidade e segurança. O FUTO Keyboard é 100% offline e 100% privado, oferecendo todos os recursos essenciais que você espera de um teclado atual — incluindo digitação por deslizamento, entrada de voz offline, correção automática inteligente, temas personalizáveis e sugestões preditivas de texto. Nosso objetivo é simples: criar um teclado eficiente e funcional, sem comprometer a privacidade do usuário. Este projeto é um fork do LatinIME, o teclado open-source oficial do Android.

Atenção: o FUTO Keyboard está atualmente em fase alfa. Está trabalhando para torná-lo estável e confiável, mas durante esse período você pode encontrar bugs, travamentos ou recursos ainda não implementados.

Configurações

Idiomas e Modelos – Adicione novos idiomas, dicionários, modelos de entrada de voz, transformadores e layouts associados.

Linguagens e Modelos

O menu no qual você adiciona novos idiomas, bem como dicionários, modelos de entrada de voz, modelos de transformadores e layouts associados a eles.

Adicionar idioma.

Alguns idiomas exigem o download de um dicionário. Se você também quiser um modelo de entrada de voz para um idioma específico, precisará baixá-lo também. Cada idioma já possui uma seleção de layouts de teclado associados; você pode escolher qual(is) layout(s) deseja adicionar ao adicionar o idioma. https://video.nostr.build/c775288b7a8ee8d75816af0c7a25f2aa0b4ecc99973fd442b2badc308fa38109.mp4

Mudar idioma.

Existem duas maneiras de alternar o idioma. A primeira é pressionando o ícone do globo na Barra de Ações, localizada próximo ao canto superior esquerdo do teclado. A segunda é pressionando longamente ou deslizando a barra de espaço; você pode personalizar o comportamento de troca de idioma da barra de espaço acessando Configurações -> Teclado e Digitação -> Teclas de Pressão Longa e Barra de Espaço -> Comportamento da Barra de Espaço . Você também pode atribuir o ícone do globo como a Tecla de Ação para que fique ao lado da barra de espaço, que pode ser acessada no menu Todas as Ações pressionando a tecla de reticências (...) no canto superior esquerdo do teclado e, em seguida, acessando Editar Ações. https://video.nostr.build/ed6f7f63a9c203cd59f46419ef54a4b8b442f070f802a688ca7d682bd6811bcb.mp4

Adicionar dicionário.

Alguns idiomas têm um dicionário integrado, mas a maioria não. Se o idioma que você está instalando não tiver um dicionário integrado, você pode iniciar a instalação em nosso site acessando Idiomas e Modelos -> Dicionário (no idioma que você está instalando) -> Explorar -> Baixar (em nosso site). https://video.nostr.build/3b1e09289953b658a9cef33c41bd711095556bc48290cb2ed066d4d0a5186371.mp4

Habilitar digitação multilíngue.

Você pode habilitar a digitação multilíngue para um ou mais idiomas acessando Idiomas e modelos e marcando a caixa Digitação multilíngue no(s) idioma(s) para os quais deseja habilitar a digitação multilíngue. https://video.nostr.build/29f683410626219499787bd63058d159719553f8e33a9f3c659c51c375a682fb.mp4

Criar layout personalizado.

Se desejar criar seu próprio layout personalizado para um idioma específico, você pode fazê-lo ativando Configurações do Desenvolvedor -> Layouts Personalizados -> Criar novo layout . Mais informações sobre layouts personalizados podem ser encontradas https://github.com/futo-org/futo-keyboard-layouts . A personalização das configurações de pressionamento longo tecla por tecla ainda não é suportada, mas está em processo de implementação. https://video.nostr.build/b5993090e28794d0305424dd352ca83760bb87002c57930e80513de5917fad8d.mp4

Teclado e Digitação – Personalize o comportamento das teclas, o tamanho do teclado e outras preferências de digitação.

Previsão de texto.

O menu no qual você define suas preferências para correção automática e sugestões personalizadas. Modelo de Linguagem do Transformador Você pode fazer com que o teclado preveja a próxima palavra que você digitará ou faça correções automáticas mais inteligentes, que usam um modelo de linguagem Transformer pré-treinado com base em conjuntos de dados disponíveis publicamente, ativando o Transformer LM . Observação: atualmente, isso funciona apenas em inglês, mas estamos trabalhando para torná-lo compatível com outros idiomas. Ajuste fino do transformador Você pode fazer com que o teclado memorize o que você digita e quais sugestões você seleciona, o que treina o modelo de idioma (enquanto o telefone estiver inativo) para prever quais palavras sugerir e corrigir automaticamente enquanto você digita, ativando o ajuste fino do Transformer . Observação: este é o seu modelo de idioma pessoal e o FUTO não visualiza nem armazena nenhum dos seus dados. https://video.nostr.build/688354a63bdc48a9dd3f8605854b5631ac011009c6105f93cfa0b52b46bc40d3.mp4

Previsão de texto.

O menu no qual você define suas preferências para correção automática e sugestões personalizadas. Modelo de Linguagem do Transformador Você pode fazer com que o teclado preveja a próxima palavra que você digitará ou faça correções automáticas mais inteligentes, que usam um modelo de linguagem Transformer pré-treinado com base em conjuntos de dados disponíveis publicamente, ativando o Transformer LM . Observação: atualmente, isso funciona apenas em inglês, mas estamos trabalhando para torná-lo compatível com outros idiomas.

Ajuste fino do transformador.

Você pode fazer com que o teclado memorize o que você digita e quais sugestões você seleciona, o que treina o modelo de idioma (enquanto o telefone estiver inativo) para prever quais palavras sugerir e corrigir automaticamente enquanto você digita, ativando o ajuste fino do Transformer . Observação: este é o seu modelo de idioma pessoal e o FUTO não visualiza nem armazena nenhum dos seus dados.

Força do Modelo de Linguagem do Transformador.

Você pode fazer com que a correção automática se comporte mais como o teclado AOSP ou mais como a rede neural acessando Parâmetros avançados -> Intensidade do LM do transformador e arrastando o controle deslizante para um valor menor (o que tornará o comportamento da correção automática mais parecido com o teclado AOSP) ou um valor maior (o que tornará a correção automática mais dependente da rede neural). Limiar de correção automática Você pode alterar o limite da correção automática para que ela ocorra com mais ou menos frequência acessando Parâmetros avançados -> Limite de correção automática e arrastando o controle deslizante para um valor menor (o que fará com que a correção automática ocorra com mais frequência, mas também corrija erros com mais frequência) ou um valor maior (o que fará com que a correção automática ocorra com menos frequência, mas também corrija erros com menos frequência). https://video.nostr.build/ea9c100081acfcab60343c494a91f789ef8143c92343522ec34c714913631cf7.mp4

Lista negra de palavras.

Você pode colocar sugestões de palavras na lista negra, o que impedirá que o teclado continue sugerindo palavras na lista negra, acessando Sugestões na lista negra e adicionando as palavras que você gostaria de colocar na lista negra.

Palavras ofensivas.

Você pode bloquear palavras ofensivas, como palavrões comuns, acessando Sugestões na Lista Negra e marcando a opção Bloquear Palavras Ofensivas . Observação: a opção Bloquear Palavras Ofensivas está ativada por padrão. https://video.nostr.build/ee72f3940b9789bbea222c95ee74d646aae1a0f3bf658ef8114c6f7942bb50f5.mp4

Correção automática.

Você pode ativar a capacidade de corrigir automaticamente palavras digitadas incorretamente ao pressionar a barra de espaço ou digitar pontuação ativando a Correção automática.

Sugestões de correção.

Você pode ativar a capacidade de exibir palavras sugeridas enquanto digita marcando a opção Mostrar sugestões de correção.

Sugestões de palavras.

Você pode ativar a capacidade de aprender com suas comunicações e dados digitados para melhorar as sugestões ativando as Sugestões personalizadas . Observação: desativar as Sugestões personalizadas também desativa o ajuste fino do Transformer. https://video.nostr.build/2c22d109b9192eac8fe4533b3f8e3e1b5896dfd043817bd460c48a5b989b7a2f.mp4

Entrada de Voz – Configure a entrada de voz offline, incluindo a duração e a conversão de fala em texto.

Entrada de voz.

O menu no qual você define suas preferências de entrada de voz, como duração da entrada e configurações de conversão de fala em texto. Entrada de voz integrada Você pode desabilitar a entrada de voz integrada do teclado e, em vez disso, usar o provedor de entrada de voz de um aplicativo externo desativando a opção Desabilitar entrada de voz integrada. https://video.nostr.build/68916e5b338a9f999f45aa1828a6e05ccbf8def46da9516c0f516b40ca8c827b.mp4

Sons de indicação.

Você pode habilitar a capacidade de reproduzir sons ao iniciar e cancelar a entrada de voz ativando Sons de indicação. https://video.nostr.build/7f5fb6a6173c4db18945e138146fe65444e40953d85cee1f09c1a21d236d21f5.mp4

Progresso Detalhado.

Você pode habilitar a capacidade de exibir informações detalhadas, como indicar que o microfone está sendo usado, ativando Progresso detalhado. https://video.nostr.build/8ac2bb6bdd6e7f8bd4b45da423e782c152a2b4320f2e090cbb99fd5c78e8f44f.mp4

Microfone Bluetooth.

Você pode fazer com que a entrada de voz prefira automaticamente seu microfone Bluetooth em vez do microfone integrado, ativando Preferir microfone Bluetooth. https://video.nostr.build/c11404aa6fec2dda71ceb3aaee916c6761b3015fef9575a352de66b7310dad07.mp4

Foco de áudio.

Você pode fazer com que a entrada de voz pause automaticamente vídeos ou músicas quando ela estiver ativada, ativando o Foco de Áudio. https://video.nostr.build/4ac82af53298733d0c5013ef28befb8b2adeb4a4949604308317e124b6431d40.mp4

Supressão de Símbolos.

Por padrão, a entrada de voz transcreve apenas texto básico e pontuação. Você pode desativar a opção "Suprimir símbolos" para liberar a entrada de voz da transcrição de caracteres especiais (por exemplo, @, $ ou %). Observação: Isso não afeta a forma como a entrada de voz interpreta palavras literais (por exemplo, "vírgula", "ponto final"). https://video.nostr.build/10de49c5a9e35508caa14b66da28fae991a5ac8eabad9b086959fba18c07f8f3.mp4

Entrada de voz de formato longo.

Você pode desativar o limite padrão de 30 segundos para entrada de voz ativando a opção Entrada de voz longa . Observação: a qualidade da saída pode ser prejudicada com entradas longas. https://video.nostr.build/f438ee7a42939a5a3e6d6c4471905f836f038495eb3a00b39d9996d0e552c200.mp4

Parada automática em silêncio.

Você pode fazer com que a entrada de voz pare automaticamente quando o silêncio for detectado, ativando a opção Parar automaticamente ao silenciar . Observação: se houver muito ruído de fundo, pode ser necessário interromper manualmente a entrada de voz. Ative também a entrada de voz longa para evitar a interrupção após 30 segundos. https://video.nostr.build/056567696d513add63f6dd254c0a3001530917e05e792de80c12796d43958671.mp4

Dicionário Pessoal – Adicione palavras personalizadas para que o teclado aprenda e sugira com mais precisão.

Dicionário Pessoal.

O menu no qual você cria seu dicionário pessoal de palavras que o teclado irá lembrar e sugerir. Adicionar ao dicionário Você pode adicionar uma palavra ou frase ao seu dicionário pessoal pressionando o ícone de adição na tela "Dicionário pessoal" . Você também pode criar um atalho para ela no campo "Atalho" ao adicionar a palavra ou frase. https://video.nostr.build/dec41c666b9f2276cc20d9096e3a9b542b570afd1f679d8d0e8c43c8ea46bfcb.mp4

Excluir do dicionário.

Você pode excluir uma palavra ou frase do seu dicionário pessoal clicando nessa palavra ou frase e clicando no ícone de lixeira no canto superior direito. https://video.nostr.build/aca25643b5c7ead4c5d522709af4bc337911e49c4743b97dc75f6b877449143e.mp4

Tema – Escolha entre os temas disponíveis ou personalize a aparência do teclado conforme seu gosto.

Tema.

O menu no qual você seleciona seu tema preferido para o teclado. Alterar tema Você pode escolher entre uma variedade de temas para o teclado, incluindo Modo Escuro, Modo Claro, Automático Dinâmico, Escuro Dinâmico, Claro Dinâmico, Material AOSP Escuro, Material AOSP Claro, Roxo Escuro AMOLED, Girassol, Queda de Neve, Cinza Aço, Esmeralda, Algodão Doce, Luz do Mar Profundo, Escuro do Mar Profundo, Gradiente 1, Tema FUTO VI ou Tema Construção . A possibilidade de personalizar seu tema será disponibilizada em breve. https://video.nostr.build/90c8de72f08cb0d8c40ac2fba2fd39451ff63ec1592ddd2629d0891c104bc61e.mp4

Fronteiras Principais.

Você pode habilitar as bordas das teclas rolando para baixo até o final e ativando Bordas das teclas . https://video.nostr.build/fa2087d68ce3fb2d3adb84cc2ec19c4d5383beb8823a4b6d1d85378ab3507ab1.mp4

Site oficial https://keyboard.futo.org/

Baixar no fdroid. https://app.futo.org/fdroid/repo/

Para instalar através do Obtainium , basta ir em Adicionar Aplicativo e colar esta URL do repositório:  https://github.com/futo-org/android-keyboard

A adição pode demorar um pouco dependendo da velocidade da sua internet, pois o APK precisa ser baixado.

@ 1beecee5:d29d2162

@ b0137b96:304501dd

Streaming has revolutionized how we consume entertainment, offering unparalleled access to diverse content worldwide. With the rise of theBest OTT Platform options, audiences can enjoy their favorite Hollywood, Bollywood, and regional films anytime, anywhere. However, for many viewers, language can be a barrier to fully experiencing international cinema. That’s where innovative platforms step in, bridging the gap between global content and regional audiences.

If you're searching for theBest OTT Platform that delivers high-quality international and regional content, we’ve got you covered. Let’s explore four leading platforms—Dimension on Demand (DOD), Hoichoi, Olly Plus, and Aha Video—that are transforming the Indian entertainment landscape.

Dimension on Demand (DOD) – The Best OTT Platform for Hollywood in Your Language Among the many platforms available, Dimension on Demand (DOD) stands out as theBest OTT Platform for movie lovers who enjoy global cinema in their native tongue. Unlike other platforms that focus solely on regional or Bollywood content, DOD specializes in offering Hollywood movies dubbed in 9 languages like Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, Bangla, Malayalam, Bhojpuri, English, Kannada, and Marathi. This means you can enjoy blockbuster hits, critically acclaimed masterpieces, and thrilling action films—all in the comfort of your language.

What makes DOD truly unique? A vast library of Hollywood movies dubbed in Indian languages Seamless user experience with high-definition streaming Personalized recommendations based on viewer preferences Accessible across multiple devices—smart TVs, mobiles, and laptops A growing collection that ensures fresh content for movie enthusiasts Beyond its impressive collection, DOD ensures that audiences across India can experience world-class entertainment without language barriers. If you love Hollywood but prefer watching in your native language, DOD is undoubtedly the Best OTT Platform.

Hoichoi – A Must-Have for Bengali Entertainment Hoichoi (https://www.hoichoi.tv/)has become a go-to OTT platform for Bengali audiences, offering an impressive mix of movies, web series, and original content. With a strong focus on Bengali-language storytelling, it delivers a diverse collection ranging from classic films to modern thrillers.

Why Choose Hoichoi? Extensive collection of Bengali films and web series Exclusive Hoichoi Originals with gripping storytelling A mix of contemporary and classic Bengali cinema With its continuous addition of fresh content and commitment to Bengali storytelling, Hoichoi has solidified its position as a top-tier platform for regional entertainment lovers.

Olly Plus – A Celebration of Odia Content Olly Plus (https://www.youtube.com/OllyPlus) is Odisha’s dedicated OTT platform, catering specifically to Odia-speaking audiences. It features a rich selection of Odia movies, music, and podcasts, making it a hub for cultural and entertainment enthusiasts.

What Sets Olly Plus Apart? Exclusive Odia-language movies, music, and short films A platform dedicated to preserving and promoting Odia storytelling Inclusion of music, podcasts, and cultural content With Odia entertainment often underrepresented in mainstream media, Olly Plus plays a crucial role in bringing high-quality Odia content to its audience.

Aha Video – The Ultimate Destination for Telugu & Tamil Viewers Aha Video (https://www.aha.video/) has carved a niche in the Best OTT Platform industry by delivering high-quality Telugu and Tamil entertainment. From blockbuster movies to gripping web series, Aha Video ensures South Indian audiences have access to exclusive content tailored to their preferences.

Why Aha Video is a Must-Try? Exclusive Telugu and Tamil movie collections Original series that cater to South Indian storytelling A strong focus on South Indian cinema and entertainment Its commitment to regional cinema ensures that fans of Telugu and Tamil content always have something fresh and exciting to watch.

Why the Best OTT Platforms Matter for Regional Audiences As the streaming industry expands, the importance of theOTT Platform options for regional audiences cannot be overlooked. They not only cater to language-specific audiences but also help preserve and promote local cultures while making global content more accessible.

The Rise of the Best OTT Platforms for Regional Content: They bridge the gap between global cinema and local audiences Viewers can enjoy Hollywood and indie films in their native language Regional content platforms contribute to cultural storytelling and preservation Whether it’s the Hollywood-dubbed collection of DOD, the Bengali storytelling of Hoichoi, the Odia exclusives of Olly Plus, or the South Indian cinema of Aha Video, each platform plays a vital role in reshaping digital entertainment in India.

The Final Verdict – Which is the Best OTT Platform? Choosing the Best OTT Platform depends on your content preferences. If you are looking for international cinema in regional languages, Dimension on Demand (DOD) is the perfect choice. For regional entertainment lovers, Hoichoi, Olly Plus, and Aha Video offer excellent options tailored to specific linguistic audiences.

With DOD leading the way in bringing global entertainment to regional audiences, it's clear that the future ofOTT lies in localization and accessibility. Whether you're a fan of Hollywood, Bengali dramas, Odia storytelling, or Tamil blockbusters, there’s an OTT platform designed just for you.

Want to experience Hollywood like never before? Watch your favorite global films in your language on Dimension on Demand (DOD). Subscribe now and explore an ever-growing collection of blockbuster movies!

@ fd78c37f:a0ec0833

Bitcoin is redefining finance, and in Asia—Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and beyond—developers, entrepreneurs, and communities are fueling this revolution. YakiHonne, a decentralized social payments app built on Nostr, sat down with Gio (nostr:npub1yrnuj56rnen08zp2h9h7p74ghgjx6ma39spmpj6w9hzxywutevsst7k5cx), a core member of Thailand’s Sats ‘N’ Facts community, to explore their mission of fostering open-source Bitcoin development. In this interview, Gio shares the origins of Sats ‘N’ Facts, the challenges of hosting Bitcoin-focused events in Asia, and how these efforts are shaping adoption across the region.

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YakiHonne: Can you tell us about yourself and how Sats ‘N’ Facts came to life? What sparked your Bitcoin journey?

Gio: I’m originally from Europe but have called Thailand home for six years. My Bitcoin story began while working at a commercial bank, where I saw the fiat system’s flaws firsthand—things like the Cantillon Effect, where money printing favors the connected few, felt deeply unfair. That discomfort led me to Andreas Antonopoulos’ videos, which opened my eyes to Bitcoin’s potential. After moving to Bangkok, I joined the open-source scene at BOB Space, collaborating with folks on tech projects.

Sats ‘N’ Facts grew out of that spirit. We wanted to create a Bitcoin-focused community to support developers and builders in Asia. Our recent conference in Chiang Mai brought together over 70 enthusiasts from Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, and beyond, sparking collaborations like a new Lightning Network tool. It was a milestone in connecting the region’s Bitcoin ecosystem.

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YakiHonne: What inspired the Sats ‘N’ Facts conference, and how did you attract attendees?

Gio: The event was born from a desire to create a high-signal, low-noise space for Freedom Tech in Asia. While the U.S. and Europe host major Bitcoin events, Asia’s scene is still emerging under commercial stunts. We aimed to bridge that gap, uniting developers, educators, and enthusiasts to discuss real innovations—no altcoins, no corporate agendas. Our focus was on open-source projects like Bitcoin Core, Ark, Cashu, fostering conversations that could lead to tangible contributions.

Attracting attendees wasn’t easy. We leveraged local networks, reaching out to Bitcoin communities in neighboring countries via Nostr and Telegram. Posts on X helped spread the word, and we saw developers from Laos join for the first time, which was thrilling. Sponsors like Fulgur Ventures, Utreexo, and the Bitcoin Development Kit Foundation played a huge role, covering costs so we could keep the event free and accessible.

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YakiHonne: What challenges did you face organizing the conference in Asia?

Gio: It was a steep learning curve. Funding was the biggest hurdle—early on, we struggled to cover venue and travel costs. Thankfully, our sponsors stepped in, letting me focus on logistics, which were no small feat either. As a first-time organizer, I underestimated the chaos of a tight timeline. Day one felt like herding cats without a fixed agenda, but the energy was electric—developers debugging code together, newcomers asking big questions.

Another challenge was cultural. Bitcoin’s still niche in Asia, so convincing locals to attend took persistence; there was no local presence for some reason. Despite the hiccups, we pulled it off, hosting 60+ attendees and sparking ideas for new projects, like a Cashu wallet integration. I’d tweak the planning next time, but the raw passion made it unforgettable.

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YakiHonne: How does YakiHonne’s vision of decentralized social payments align with Sats ‘N’ Facts’ goals? Could tools like ours support your community?

Gio: That’s a great question. YakiHonne’s approach—merging Nostr’s censorship-resistant communication with Lightning payments—fits perfectly with our mission to empower users through open tech. At Sats ‘N’ Facts, we’re all about tools that give people control, whether it’s code or money. An app like YakiHonne could streamline community funding, letting developers tip each other for contributions or crowdfund projects directly. Imagine a hackathon where winners get sats instantly via YakiHonne—it’d be a game-changer. I’d love to see you guys at our next event to demo it!

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YakiHonne: What advice would you give to someone starting a Bitcoin-focused community or event?

Gio: First, keep it Bitcoin-only. Stay true to the principles—cut out distractions like altcoins or hype-driven schemes. Start small: host regular meetups, maybe five people at a café, and build trust over time. Consistency and authenticity beat flashiness in the medium and long term.

Second, involve technical folks. Developers bring credibility and clarity, explaining Bitcoin’s nuts and bolts in ways newcomers get. I admire how Andreas Antonopoulos bridges that gap—technical yet accessible. You need that foundation to grow a real community.

Finally, lean on existing networks. If you know someone running a Bitcoin meetup in another city, collaborate. Share ideas, speakers, or even livestreams. Nostr’s great for this—our Laos attendees found us through a single post. Relationships are everything.

---

YakiHonne: Does Sats ‘N’ Facts focus more on Bitcoin’s technical side, non-technical side, or both?

Gio: We blend both. Our event had workshops for coders alongside talks for beginners on why Bitcoin matters. Open-source is our heartbeat, though. If you’re starting out, dive into projects like Bitcoin Core or Lightning. Review a pull request, test a Cashu wallet, or join a hackathon. One developer at our event built a Lightning micropayment tool that’s now live on GitHub.

There’s no shortage of ways to contribute. Community calls, forums, residency programs, and platforms like Geyser Fund are goldmines. YakiHonne could amplify this—imagine tipping developers for bug fixes via your app. It’s about iterating until you create something real.

---

YakiHonne: Your work is inspiring, Gio. Sats ‘N’ Facts is uniting Asia’s Bitcoin communities in a powerful way. What’s next for you?

Gio: Thanks for the kind words! We’re just getting started. The Chiang Mai event showed what’s possible—connecting developers across borders, reviewing and launching code and testing upcoming technologies. Next, we’re planning smaller hackathons and other events to keep the momentum going, maybe in Vietnam, Indonesia or Korea. I’d love to integrate tools like YakiHonne to fund these efforts directly through Nostr payments. Long-term, we want Sats ‘N’ Facts to be a hub for Asia’s Bitcoin builders, proving open-source can thrive here.

---

YakiHonne: Thank you, Gio, for sharing Sats ‘N’ Facts incredible journey. Your work is lighting a path for Bitcoin in Asia, and we’re honored to tell this story.

To our readers: Bitcoin’s future depends on communities like Sats ‘N’ Facts—and you can join the revolution. Download YakiHonne on Nostr to connect with builders, send Lightning payments, and explore the decentralized world. Follow Sats ‘N’ Facts for their next hackathon, and let’s build freedom tech together!

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Es ist völlig unbestritten, dass der Angriff der russischen Armee auf die Ukraine im Februar 2022 strikt zu verurteilen ist. Ebenso unbestritten ist Russland unter Wladimir Putin keine brillante Demokratie. Aus diesen Tatsachen lässt sich jedoch nicht das finstere Bild des russischen Präsidenten – und erst recht nicht des Landes – begründen, das uns durchweg vorgesetzt wird und den Kern des aktuellen europäischen Bedrohungs-Szenarios darstellt. Da müssen wir schon etwas genauer hinschauen.

Der vorliegende Artikel versucht derweil nicht, den Einsatz von Gewalt oder die Verletzung von Menschenrechten zu rechtfertigen oder zu entschuldigen – ganz im Gegenteil. Dass jedoch der Verdacht des «Putinverstehers» sofort latent im Raume steht, verdeutlicht, was beim Thema «Russland» passiert: Meinungsmache und Manipulation.

Angesichts der mentalen Mobilmachung seitens Politik und Medien sowie des Bestrebens, einen bevorstehenden Krieg mit Russland geradezu herbeizureden, ist es notwendig, dieser fatalen Entwicklung entgegenzutreten. Wenn wir uns nur ein wenig von der herrschenden Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei freimachen, tauchen automatisch Fragen auf, die Risse im offiziellen Narrativ enthüllen. Grund genug, nachzuhaken.

Wer sich schon länger auch abseits der Staats- und sogenannten Leitmedien informiert, der wird in diesem Artikel vermutlich nicht viel Neues erfahren. Andere könnten hier ein paar unbekannte oder vergessene Aspekte entdecken. Möglicherweise klärt sich in diesem Kontext die Wahrnehmung der aktuellen (unserer eigenen!) Situation ein wenig.

Manipulation erkennen

Corona-«Pandemie», menschengemachter Klimawandel oder auch Ukraine-Krieg: Jede Menge Krisen, und für alle gibt es ein offizielles Narrativ, dessen Hinterfragung unerwünscht ist. Nun ist aber ein Narrativ einfach eine Erzählung, eine Geschichte (Latein: «narratio») und kein Tatsachenbericht. Und so wie ein Märchen soll auch das Narrativ eine Botschaft vermitteln.

Über die Methoden der Manipulation ist viel geschrieben worden, sowohl in Bezug auf das Individuum als auch auf die Massen. Sehr wertvolle Tipps dazu, wie man Manipulationen durchschauen kann, gibt ein Büchlein [1] von Albrecht Müller, dem Herausgeber der NachDenkSeiten.

Die Sprache selber eignet sich perfekt für die Manipulation. Beispielsweise kann die Wortwahl Bewertungen mitschwingen lassen, regelmäßiges Wiederholen (gerne auch von verschiedenen Seiten) lässt Dinge irgendwann «wahr» erscheinen, Übertreibungen fallen auf und hinterlassen wenigstens eine Spur im Gedächtnis, genauso wie Andeutungen. Belege spielen dabei keine Rolle.

Es gibt auffällig viele Sprachregelungen, die offenbar irgendwo getroffen und irgendwie koordiniert werden. Oder alle Redenschreiber und alle Medien kopieren sich neuerdings permanent gegenseitig. Welchen Zweck hat es wohl, wenn der Krieg in der Ukraine durchgängig und quasi wörtlich als «russischer Angriffskrieg auf die Ukraine» bezeichnet wird? Obwohl das in der Sache richtig ist, deutet die Art der Verwendung auf gezielte Beeinflussung hin und soll vor allem das Feindbild zementieren.

Sprachregelungen dienen oft der Absicherung einer einseitigen Darstellung. Das Gleiche gilt für das Verkürzen von Informationen bis hin zum hartnäckigen Verschweigen ganzer Themenbereiche. Auch hierfür gibt es rund um den Ukraine-Konflikt viele gute Beispiele.

Das gewünschte Ergebnis solcher Methoden ist eine Schwarz-Weiß-Malerei, bei der einer eindeutig als «der Böse» markiert ist und die anderen automatisch «die Guten» sind. Das ist praktisch und demonstriert gleichzeitig ein weiteres Manipulationswerkzeug: die Verwendung von Doppelstandards. Wenn man es schafft, bei wichtigen Themen regelmäßig mit zweierlei Maß zu messen, ohne dass das Publikum protestiert, dann hat man freie Bahn.

Experten zu bemühen, um bestimmte Sachverhalte zu erläutern, ist sicher sinnvoll, kann aber ebenso missbraucht werden, schon allein durch die Auswahl der jeweiligen Spezialisten. Seit «Corona» werden viele erfahrene und ehemals hoch angesehene Fachleute wegen der «falschen Meinung» diffamiert und gecancelt. [2] Das ist nicht nur ein brutaler Umgang mit Menschen, sondern auch eine extreme Form, die öffentliche Meinung zu steuern.

Wann immer wir also erkennen (weil wir aufmerksam waren), dass wir bei einem bestimmten Thema manipuliert werden, dann sind zwei logische und notwendige Fragen: Warum? Und was ist denn richtig? In unserem Russland-Kontext haben die Antworten darauf viel mit Geopolitik und Geschichte zu tun.

Ist Russland aggressiv und expansiv?

Angeblich plant Russland, europäische NATO-Staaten anzugreifen, nach dem Motto: «Zuerst die Ukraine, dann den Rest». In Deutschland weiß man dafür sogar das Datum: «Wir müssen bis 2029 kriegstüchtig sein», versichert Verteidigungsminister Pistorius.

Historisch gesehen ist es allerdings eher umgekehrt: Russland, bzw. die Sowjetunion, ist bereits dreimal von Westeuropa aus militärisch angegriffen worden. Die Feldzüge Napoleons, des deutschen Kaiserreichs und Nazi-Deutschlands haben Millionen Menschen das Leben gekostet. Bei dem ausdrücklichen Vernichtungskrieg ab 1941 kam es außerdem zu Brutalitäten wie der zweieinhalbjährigen Belagerung Leningrads (heute St. Petersburg) durch Hitlers Wehrmacht. Deren Ziel, die Bevölkerung auszuhungern, wurde erreicht: über eine Million tote Zivilisten.

Trotz dieser Erfahrungen stimmte Michail Gorbatschow 1990 der deutschen Wiedervereinigung zu und die Sowjetunion zog ihre Truppen aus Osteuropa zurück (vgl. Abb. 1). Der Warschauer Pakt wurde aufgelöst, der Kalte Krieg formell beendet. Die Sowjets erhielten damals von führenden westlichen Politikern die Zusicherung, dass sich die NATO «keinen Zentimeter ostwärts» ausdehnen würde, das ist dokumentiert. [3]

Expandiert ist die NATO trotzdem, und zwar bis an Russlands Grenzen (vgl. Abb. 2). Laut dem Politikberater Jeffrey Sachs handelt es sich dabei um ein langfristiges US-Projekt, das von Anfang an die Ukraine und Georgien mit einschloss. Offiziell wurde der Beitritt beiden Staaten 2008 angeboten. In jedem Fall könnte die massive Ost-Erweiterung seit 1999 aus russischer Sicht nicht nur als Vertrauensbruch, sondern durchaus auch als aggressiv betrachtet werden.

Russland hat den europäischen Staaten mehrfach die Hand ausgestreckt [4] für ein friedliches Zusammenleben und den «Aufbau des europäischen Hauses». Präsident Putin sei «in seiner ersten Amtszeit eine Chance für Europa» gewesen, urteilt die Journalistin und langjährige Russland-Korrespondentin der ARD, Gabriele Krone-Schmalz. Er habe damals viele positive Signale Richtung Westen gesendet.

Die Europäer jedoch waren scheinbar an einer Partnerschaft mit dem kontinentalen Nachbarn weniger interessiert als an der mit dem transatlantischen Hegemon. Sie verkennen bis heute, dass eine gedeihliche Zusammenarbeit in Eurasien eine Gefahr für die USA und deren bekundetes Bestreben ist, die «einzige Weltmacht» zu sein – «Full Spectrum Dominance» [5] nannte das Pentagon das. Statt einem neuen Kalten Krieg entgegenzuarbeiten, ließen sich europäische Staaten selber in völkerrechtswidrige «US-dominierte Angriffskriege» [6] verwickeln, wie in Serbien, Afghanistan, dem Irak, Libyen oder Syrien. Diese werden aber selten so benannt.

Speziell den Deutschen stünde außer einer Portion Realismus auch etwas mehr Dankbarkeit gut zu Gesicht. Das Geschichtsbewusstsein der Mehrheit scheint doch recht selektiv und das Selbstbewusstsein einiger etwas desorientiert zu sein. Bekanntermaßen waren es die Soldaten der sowjetischen Roten Armee, die unter hohen Opfern 1945 Deutschland «vom Faschismus befreit» haben. Bei den Gedenkfeiern zu 80 Jahren Kriegsende will jedoch das Auswärtige Amt – noch unter der Diplomatie-Expertin Baerbock, die sich schon länger offiziell im Krieg mit Russland wähnt, – nun keine Russen sehen: Sie sollen notfalls rausgeschmissen werden.

«Die Grundsatzfrage lautet: Geht es Russland um einen angemessenen Platz in einer globalen Sicherheitsarchitektur, oder ist Moskau schon seit langem auf einem imperialistischen Trip, der befürchten lassen muss, dass die Russen in fünf Jahren in Berlin stehen?»

So bringt Gabriele Krone-Schmalz [7] die eigentliche Frage auf den Punkt, die zur Einschätzung der Situation letztlich auch jeder für sich beantworten muss.

Was ist los in der Ukraine?

In der internationalen Politik geht es nie um Demokratie oder Menschenrechte, sondern immer um Interessen von Staaten. Diese These stammt von Egon Bahr, einem der Architekten der deutschen Ostpolitik des «Wandels durch Annäherung» aus den 1960er und 70er Jahren. Sie trifft auch auf den Ukraine-Konflikt zu, den handfeste geostrategische und wirtschaftliche Interessen beherrschen, obwohl dort angeblich «unsere Demokratie» verteidigt wird.

Es ist ein wesentliches Element des Ukraine-Narrativs und Teil der Manipulation, die Vorgeschichte des Krieges wegzulassen – mindestens die vor der russischen «Annexion» der Halbinsel Krim im März 2014, aber oft sogar komplett diejenige vor der Invasion Ende Februar 2022. Das Thema ist komplex, aber einige Aspekte, die für eine Beurteilung nicht unwichtig sind, will ich wenigstens kurz skizzieren. [8]

Das Gebiet der heutigen Ukraine und Russlands – die übrigens in der «Kiewer Rus» gemeinsame Wurzeln haben – hat der britische Geostratege Halford Mackinder bereits 1904 als eurasisches «Heartland» bezeichnet, dessen Kontrolle er eine große Bedeutung für die imperiale Strategie Großbritanniens zumaß. Für den ehemaligen Sicherheits- und außenpolitischen Berater mehrerer US-amerikanischer Präsidenten und Mitgründer der Trilateralen Kommission, Zbigniew Brzezinski, war die Ukraine nach der Auflösung der Sowjetunion ein wichtiger Spielstein auf dem «eurasischen Schachbrett», wegen seiner Nähe zu Russland, seiner Bodenschätze und seines Zugangs zum Schwarzen Meer.

Die Ukraine ist seit langem ein gespaltenes Land. Historisch zerrissen als Spielball externer Interessen und geprägt von ethnischen, kulturellen, religiösen und geografischen Unterschieden existiert bis heute, grob gesagt, eine Ost-West-Spaltung, welche die Suche nach einer nationalen Identität stark erschwert.

Insbesondere im Zuge der beiden Weltkriege sowie der Russischen Revolution entstanden tiefe Risse in der Bevölkerung. Ukrainer kämpften gegen Ukrainer, zum Beispiel die einen auf der Seite von Hitlers faschistischer Nazi-Armee und die anderen auf der von Stalins kommunistischer Roter Armee. Die Verbrechen auf beiden Seiten sind nicht vergessen. Dass nach der Unabhängigkeit 1991 versucht wurde, Figuren wie den radikalen Nationalisten Symon Petljura oder den Faschisten und Nazi-Kollaborateur Stepan Bandera als «Nationalhelden» zu installieren, verbessert die Sache nicht.

Während die USA und EU-Staaten zunehmend «ausländische Einmischung» (speziell russische) in «ihre Demokratien» wittern, betreiben sie genau dies seit Jahrzehnten in vielen Ländern der Welt. Die seit den 2000er Jahren bekannten «Farbrevolutionen» in Osteuropa werden oft als Methode des Regierungsumsturzes durch von außen gesteuerte «demokratische» Volksaufstände beschrieben. Diese Strategie geht auf Analysen zum «Schwarmverhalten» [9] seit den 1960er Jahren zurück (Studentenproteste), wo es um die potenzielle Wirksamkeit einer «rebellischen Hysterie» von Jugendlichen bei postmodernen Staatsstreichen geht. Heute nennt sich dieses gezielte Kanalisieren der Massen zur Beseitigung unkooperativer Regierungen «Soft-Power».

In der Ukraine gab es mit der «Orangen Revolution» 2004 und dem «Euromaidan» 2014 gleich zwei solcher «Aufstände». Der erste erzwang wegen angeblicher Unregelmäßigkeiten eine Wiederholung der Wahlen, was mit Wiktor Juschtschenko als neuem Präsidenten endete. Dieser war ehemaliger Direktor der Nationalbank und Befürworter einer Annäherung an EU und NATO. Seine Frau, die First Lady, ist US-amerikanische «Philanthropin» und war Beamtin im Weißen Haus in der Reagan- und der Bush-Administration.

Im Gegensatz zu diesem ersten Event endete der sogenannte Euromaidan unfriedlich und blutig. Die mehrwöchigen Proteste gegen Präsident Wiktor Janukowitsch, in Teilen wegen des nicht unterzeichneten Assoziierungsabkommens mit der EU, wurden zunehmend gewalttätiger und von Nationalisten und Faschisten des «Rechten Sektors» dominiert. Sie mündeten Ende Februar 2014 auf dem Kiewer Unabhängigkeitsplatz (Maidan) in einem Massaker durch Scharfschützen. Dass deren Herkunft und die genauen Umstände nicht geklärt wurden, störte die Medien nur wenig. [10]

Janukowitsch musste fliehen, er trat nicht zurück. Vielmehr handelte es sich um einen gewaltsamen, allem Anschein nach vom Westen inszenierten Putsch. Laut Jeffrey Sachs war das kein Geheimnis, außer vielleicht für die Bürger. Die USA unterstützten die Post-Maidan-Regierung nicht nur, sie beeinflussten auch ihre Bildung. Das geht unter anderem aus dem berühmten «Fuck the EU»-Telefonat der US-Chefdiplomatin für die Ukraine, Victoria Nuland, mit Botschafter Geoffrey Pyatt hervor.

Dieser Bruch der demokratischen Verfassung war letztlich der Auslöser für die anschließenden Krisen auf der Krim und im Donbass (Ostukraine). Angesichts der ukrainischen Geschichte mussten die nationalistischen Tendenzen und die Beteiligung der rechten Gruppen an dem Umsturz bei der russigsprachigen Bevölkerung im Osten ungute Gefühle auslösen. Es gab Kritik an der Übergangsregierung, Befürworter einer Abspaltung und auch für einen Anschluss an Russland.

Ebenso konnte Wladimir Putin in dieser Situation durchaus Bedenken wegen des Status der russischen Militärbasis für seine Schwarzmeerflotte in Sewastopol auf der Krim haben, für die es einen langfristigen Pachtvertrag mit der Ukraine gab. Was im März 2014 auf der Krim stattfand, sei keine Annexion, sondern eine Abspaltung (Sezession) nach einem Referendum gewesen, also keine gewaltsame Aneignung, urteilte der Rechtswissenschaftler Reinhard Merkel in der FAZ sehr detailliert begründet. Übrigens hatte die Krim bereits zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion den Status einer autonomen Republik innerhalb der Ukrainischen SSR.

Anfang April 2014 wurden in der Ostukraine die «Volksrepubliken» Donezk und Lugansk ausgerufen. Die Kiewer Übergangsregierung ging unter der Bezeichnung «Anti-Terror-Operation» (ATO) militärisch gegen diesen, auch von Russland instrumentalisierten Widerstand vor. Zufällig war kurz zuvor CIA-Chef John Brennan in Kiew. Die Maßnahmen gingen unter dem seit Mai neuen ukrainischen Präsidenten, dem Milliardär Petro Poroschenko, weiter. Auch Wolodymyr Selenskyj beendete den Bürgerkrieg nicht, als er 2019 vom Präsidenten-Schauspieler, der Oligarchen entmachtet, zum Präsidenten wurde. Er fuhr fort, die eigene Bevölkerung zu bombardieren.

Mit dem Einmarsch russischer Truppen in die Ostukraine am 24. Februar 2022 begann die zweite Phase des Krieges. Die Wochen und Monate davor waren intensiv. Im November hatte die Ukraine mit den USA ein Abkommen über eine «strategische Partnerschaft» unterzeichnet. Darin sagten die Amerikaner ihre Unterstützung der EU- und NATO-Perspektive der Ukraine sowie quasi für die Rückeroberung der Krim zu. Dagegen ließ Putin der NATO und den USA im Dezember 2021 einen Vertragsentwurf über beiderseitige verbindliche Sicherheitsgarantien zukommen, den die NATO im Januar ablehnte. Im Februar eskalierte laut OSZE die Gewalt im Donbass.

Bereits wenige Wochen nach der Invasion, Ende März 2022, kam es in Istanbul zu Friedensverhandlungen, die fast zu einer Lösung geführt hätten. Dass der Krieg nicht damals bereits beendet wurde, lag daran, dass der Westen dies nicht wollte. Man war der Meinung, Russland durch die Ukraine in diesem Stellvertreterkrieg auf Dauer militärisch schwächen zu können. Angesichts von Hunderttausenden Toten, Verletzten und Traumatisierten, die als Folge seitdem zu beklagen sind, sowie dem Ausmaß der Zerstörung, fehlen einem die Worte.

Hasst der Westen die Russen?

Diese Frage drängt sich auf, wenn man das oft unerträglich feindselige Gebaren beobachtet, das beileibe nicht neu ist und vor Doppelmoral trieft. Russland und speziell die Person Wladimir Putins werden regelrecht dämonisiert, was gleichzeitig scheinbar jede Form von Diplomatie ausschließt.

Russlands militärische Stärke, seine geografische Lage, sein Rohstoffreichtum oder seine unabhängige diplomatische Tradition sind sicher Störfaktoren für das US-amerikanische Bestreben, der Boss in einer unipolaren Welt zu sein. Ein womöglich funktionierender eurasischer Kontinent, insbesondere gute Beziehungen zwischen Russland und Deutschland, war indes schon vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg eine Sorge des britischen Imperiums.

Ein «Vergehen» von Präsident Putin könnte gewesen sein, dass er die neoliberale Schocktherapie à la IWF und den Ausverkauf des Landes (auch an US-Konzerne) beendete, der unter seinem Vorgänger herrschte. Dabei zeigte er sich als Führungspersönlichkeit und als nicht so formbar wie Jelzin. Diese Aspekte allein sind aber heute vermutlich keine ausreichende Erklärung für ein derart gepflegtes Feindbild.

Der Historiker und Philosoph Hauke Ritz erweitert den Fokus der Fragestellung zu: «Warum hasst der Westen die Russen so sehr?», was er zum Beispiel mit dem Medienforscher Michael Meyen und mit der Politikwissenschaftlerin Ulrike Guérot bespricht. Ritz stellt die interessante These [11] auf, dass Russland eine Provokation für den Westen sei, welcher vor allem dessen kulturelles und intellektuelles Potenzial fürchte.

Die Russen sind Europäer aber anders, sagt Ritz. Diese «Fremdheit in der Ähnlichkeit» erzeuge vielleicht tiefe Ablehnungsgefühle. Obwohl Russlands Identität in der europäischen Kultur verwurzelt ist, verbinde es sich immer mit der Opposition in Europa. Als Beispiele nennt er die Kritik an der katholischen Kirche oder die Verbindung mit der Arbeiterbewegung. Christen, aber orthodox; Sozialismus statt Liberalismus. Das mache das Land zum Antagonisten des Westens und zu einer Bedrohung der Machtstrukturen in Europa.

Fazit

Selbstverständlich kann man Geschichte, Ereignisse und Entwicklungen immer auf verschiedene Arten lesen. Dieser Artikel, obwohl viel zu lang, konnte nur einige Aspekte der Ukraine-Tragödie anreißen, die in den offiziellen Darstellungen in der Regel nicht vorkommen. Mindestens dürfte damit jedoch klar geworden sein, dass die Russische Föderation bzw. Wladimir Putin nicht der alleinige Aggressor in diesem Konflikt ist. Das ist ein Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen USA/NATO (gut) und Russland (böse); die Ukraine (edel) wird dabei schlicht verheizt.

Das ist insofern von Bedeutung, als die gesamte europäische Kriegshysterie auf sorgsam kultivierten Freund-Feind-Bildern beruht. Nur so kann Konfrontation und Eskalation betrieben werden, denn damit werden die wahren Hintergründe und Motive verschleiert. Angst und Propaganda sind notwendig, damit die Menschen den Wahnsinn mitmachen. Sie werden belogen, um sie zuerst zu schröpfen und anschließend auf die Schlachtbank zu schicken. Das kann niemand wollen, außer den stets gleichen Profiteuren: die Rüstungs-Lobby und die großen Investoren, die schon immer an Zerstörung und Wiederaufbau verdient haben.

Apropos Investoren: Zu den Top-Verdienern und somit Hauptinteressenten an einer Fortführung des Krieges zählt BlackRock, einer der weltgrößten Vermögensverwalter. Der deutsche Bundeskanzler in spe, Friedrich Merz, der gerne «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an die Ukraine liefern und die Krim-Brücke zerstören möchte, war von 2016 bis 2020 Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender von BlackRock in Deutschland. Aber das hat natürlich nichts zu sagen, der Mann macht nur seinen Job.

Es ist ein Spiel der Kräfte, es geht um Macht und strategische Kontrolle, um Geheimdienste und die Kontrolle der öffentlichen Meinung, um Bodenschätze, Rohstoffe, Pipelines und Märkte. Das klingt aber nicht sexy, «Demokratie und Menschenrechte» hört sich besser und einfacher an. Dabei wäre eine für alle Seiten förderliche Politik auch nicht so kompliziert; das Handwerkszeug dazu nennt sich Diplomatie. Noch einmal Gabriele Krone-Schmalz:

«Friedliche Politik ist nichts anderes als funktionierender Interessenausgleich. Da geht’s nicht um Moral.»

Die Situation in der Ukraine ist sicher komplex, vor allem wegen der inneren Zerrissenheit. Es dürfte nicht leicht sein, eine friedliche Lösung für das Zusammenleben zu finden, aber die Beteiligten müssen es vor allem wollen. Unter den gegebenen Umständen könnte eine sinnvolle Perspektive mit Neutralität und föderalen Strukturen zu tun haben.

Allen, die sich bis hierher durch die Lektüre gearbeitet (oder auch einfach nur runtergescrollt) haben, wünsche ich frohe Oster-Friedenstage!

[Titelbild: Pixabay; Abb. 1 und 2: nach Ganser/SIPER; Abb. 3: SIPER]

--- Quellen: ---

[1] Albrecht Müller, «Glaube wenig. Hinterfrage alles. Denke selbst.», Westend 2019

[2] Zwei nette Beispiele:

• ARD-faktenfinder (sic), «Viel Aufmerksamkeit für fragwürdige Experten», 03/2023
• Neue Zürcher Zeitung, «Aufstieg und Fall einer Russlandversteherin – die ehemalige ARD-Korrespondentin Gabriele Krone-Schmalz rechtfertigt seit Jahren Putins Politik», 12/2022

[3] George Washington University, «NATO Expansion: What Gorbachev Heard – Declassified documents show security assurances against NATO expansion to Soviet leaders from Baker, Bush, Genscher, Kohl, Gates, Mitterrand, Thatcher, Hurd, Major, and Woerner», 12/2017

[4] Beispielsweise Wladimir Putin bei seiner Rede im Deutschen Bundestag, 25/09/2001

[5] William Engdahl, «Full Spectrum Dominance, Totalitarian Democracy In The New World Order», edition.engdahl 2009

[6] Daniele Ganser, «Illegale Kriege – Wie die NATO-Länder die UNO sabotieren. Eine Chronik von Kuba bis Syrien», Orell Füssli 2016

[7] Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Mit Friedensjournalismus gegen ‘Kriegstüchtigkeit’», Vortrag und Diskussion an der Universität Hamburg, veranstaltet von engagierten Studenten, 16/01/2025\ → Hier ist ein ähnlicher Vortrag von ihr (Video), den ich mit spanischer Übersetzung gefunden habe.

[8] Für mehr Hintergrund und Details empfehlen sich z.B. folgende Bücher:

• Mathias Bröckers, Paul Schreyer, «Wir sind immer die Guten», Westend 2019
• Gabriele Krone-Schmalz, «Russland verstehen? Der Kampf um die Ukraine und die Arroganz des Westens», Westend 2023
• Patrik Baab, «Auf beiden Seiten der Front – Meine Reisen in die Ukraine», Fiftyfifty 2023

[9] vgl. Jonathan Mowat, «Washington's New World Order "Democratization" Template», 02/2005 und RAND Corporation, «Swarming and the Future of Conflict», 2000

[10] Bemerkenswert einige Beiträge, von denen man später nichts mehr wissen wollte:

• ARD Monitor, «Todesschüsse in Kiew: Wer ist für das Blutbad vom Maidan verantwortlich», 10/04/2014, Transkript hier
• Telepolis, «Blutbad am Maidan: Wer waren die Todesschützen?», 12/04/2014
• Telepolis, «Scharfschützenmorde in Kiew», 14/12/2014
• Deutschlandfunk, «Gefahr einer Spirale nach unten», Interview mit Günter Verheugen, 18/03/2014
• NDR Panorama, «Putsch in Kiew: Welche Rolle spielen die Faschisten?», 06/03/2014

[11] Hauke Ritz, «Vom Niedergang des Westens zur Neuerfindung Europas», 2024

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Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben.

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

เรามาดูกันครับว่า Precision Fermentation ของ Perfect Day เค้าใช้อะไรเป็นกำลังสำคัญในการหมัก ให้ได้สินค้ามูลค่ามหาศาล ท้าวความกันก่อนว่า Perfect Day เป็นบริษัทที่ผลิต เวย์โปรตีนได้ โดยไม่ต้องใช้วัวเลยแม้แต่นิดเดียว ด้วยการใช้จุลินทรีย์

Microflora ฟาร์มวัวยุคใหม่ ที่ไม่มีวัว ถ้าคุณเคยดูสารคดีธรรมชาติ แล้วเห็นภาพป่าดิบเขียวชอุ่มที่แต่ละสิ่งมีชีวิตทำหน้าที่ของมันอย่างกลมกลืนกัน ทั้งแมลงที่บินไปมา เชื้อราที่แอบฝังรากอยู่ใต้ใบไม้ หรือจุลินทรีย์ที่ไม่เห็นด้วยตาเปล่าแต่ทำงานหนักอยู่ใต้ดิน... โลกของ microflora ก็ไม่ต่างอะไรกับ “จักรวาลจิ๋ว” แบบนั้นเลย

Microflora คืออะไร? microflora เป็นศัพท์ที่นักวิทยาศาสตร์ใช้เรียกสิ่งมีชีวิตขนาดจิ๋วที่มองไม่เห็นด้วยตาเปล่า แต่มีชีวิตจริงๆ แบบครบสูตร คือเจริญเติบโตได้ แบ่งตัวได้ กินได้ เหมือนสิ่งมีชีวิตอื่นๆ เป๊ะๆ มาจาก micro กับ flora

พอพูดถึงคำว่า “flora” บางคนอาจนึกถึงต้นไม้ แต่ในความหมายนี้ มันกว้างกว่านั้นมาก เพราะ “microflora” ไม่ได้จำกัดแค่พืช แต่หมายถึงสิ่งมีชีวิตจิ๋วจากหลากหลายอาณาจักรในธรรมชาติ เช่น ฟังไจ (Fungi) — ไม่ใช่แค่เห็ดที่เรากินกัน แต่รวมถึงเชื้อราจิ๋วที่อยู่ในดินและอากาศ ที่เก่งเรื่องการปล่อยเอนไซม์ย่อยอาหารนอกตัว แล้วดูดสารอาหารเข้าไป แบคทีเรีย (Bacteria) — นักแบ่งตัวมือโปรที่อยู่ในทุกที่ตั้งแต่ดินในสวน ยันในลำไส้เรา โพรทิสต์ (Protists) — กลุ่มที่เหลือๆ ที่ไม่เข้าพวกกับใคร เช่น สาหร่ายบางชนิด หรืออะมีบา

microflora เหล่านี้เหมือนพนักงานจิ๋วที่ทำหน้าที่เฉพาะทาง บางตัวเก่งเรื่องสร้างโปรตีน บางตัวสร้างไขมัน บางตัวสังเคราะห์วิตามินเก่งสุดๆ เลยกลายเป็นขุมพลังที่มนุษย์เริ่มหันมาใช้มากขึ้นเรื่อยๆ

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างมนุษย์กับ microflora ไม่ใช่เรื่องใหม่เลย เราหมักเบียร์ ทำโยเกิร์ต ดองกิมจิ และทำซีอิ๊วจากถั่วเหลืองด้วยกระบวนการที่เรียกว่า “fermentation” หรือ “การหมัก” มานานหลายพันปีแล้ว ซึ่งเป็นการอาศัยพลังของจุลินทรีย์ธรรมชาติให้สร้างรสชาติ วิตามิน หรือย่อยของที่เรากินให้ดูดซึมง่ายขึ้น แต่วันนี้โลกไปไกลกว่านั้นมาก เพราะเราสามารถสอนจุลินทรีย์ให้ผลิต “โปรตีนเฉพาะแบบ” ได้ตามต้องการ กระบวนการนี้เรียกว่า Precision Fermentation หรือ “การหมักแบบแม่นยำ” ฟังดูเหมือนห้องทดลองของ Iron Man เลยเนอะ

Perfect Day ใช้วิธีนี้ในการผลิต เวย์โปรตีน แบบไม่ต้องรีดนมจากวัวเลยสักหยด ด้วยการใช้ “เชื้อราจิ๋ว” ชนิดหนึ่งที่มีชื่อสายวิทยาศาสตร์ว่า Trichoderma

ทำไมต้อง Trichoderma? เจ้า Trichoderma ไม่ใช่เชื้อราหน้าตาน่ากลัวแบบในหนังสยองขวัญ แต่มันคือเชื้อราที่อยู่ในดินมานานกว่า 70 ปีแล้ว และเป็นที่รู้กันในวงการวิทยาศาสตร์ว่า มันเก่งเรื่องการผลิตเอนไซม์ที่ย่อยไม้ ย่อยใบไม้ ย่อยสิ่งมีชีวิตอื่นในธรรมชาติได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ จึงเป็นเหมือน “โรงงานย่อยอาหาร” ชั้นเลิศ

นักวิทยาศาสตร์ของ Perfect Day เห็นแววก็เลยจับมันมา “ฝึกงาน” ใหม่ โดยใช้กระบวนการที่เรียกว่า strain engineering หรือ “การออกแบบสายพันธุ์” พูดง่ายๆ ก็คือ ใส่รหัสพันธุกรรม (เหมือนคำสั่งงาน) เข้าไปให้มันผลิตโปรตีนจากนมได้ เช่น beta-lactoglobulin ซึ่งเป็นโปรตีนตัวหลักของเวย์ในน้ำนมวัว

เมื่อ Trichoderma อ่านคำสั่งนี้ออก มันก็เริ่มเดินเครื่องผลิตโปรตีนตามที่เราสั่ง เหมือนเป็น “วัวในห้องแล็บ” ที่ไม่มีเสียงร้อง ไม่มีปุ๋ยคอก และไม่ต้องเลี้ยงด้วยหญ้า

microflora = วัวจิ๋วยุคใหม่

ลองจินตนาการว่าถ้าในอดีตเราต้องเลี้ยงวัวจริงๆ เพื่อให้ได้โปรตีนจากนม วันนี้เราใช้แค่จุลินทรีย์จิ๋วในถังหมัก แล้วป้อน “อาหาร” ให้มันเป็นน้ำตาลจากพืช (เช่น ข้าวโพด !!! เป็นง่ะ ข้าวโพดอีกแล้ว) มันก็จะเปลี่ยนคาร์โบไฮเดรตเหล่านั้นให้กลายเป็นโปรตีน หรือไขมัน หรือสารที่เราต้องการได้แบบแม่นยำ

microflora ไม่ใช่สัตว์ แต่ก็ทำหน้าที่แทนสัตว์ได้ พวกมันไม่มีสมอง ไม่มีระบบประสาท ไม่รู้สึกเจ็บ ไม่เบื่อ ไม่หิวข้าว ไม่ต้องการวันหยุด แต่มันมี “ความสามารถ” ที่เราสามารถดึงมาใช้ให้เกิดประโยชน์ได้อย่างน่าทึ่ง

ข้อดีของ microflora -เลี้ยงง่าย แค่ให้คาร์บ (จากพืช) ก็พร้อมทำงาน -ไม่ต้องใช้พื้นที่เยอะ ผลิตในถังหมัก ไม่ต้องใช้ทุ่งหญ้ากว้างๆ แบบฟาร์มวัว -ควบคุมคุณภาพได้ ผลิตโปรตีนได้สม่ำเสมอ ปราศจากสารก่อภูมิแพ้หรือยาปฏิชีวนะ -ลดการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก เพราะไม่ต้องเลี้ยงสัตว์ที่ปล่อยมีเทน

microflora จึงเป็น “เพื่อนร่วมงานที่เล็กที่สุด” แต่ก็อาจจะทรงพลังที่สุดในครัวของอนาคต และแม้เราจะยังยึดมั่นกับ animal-based diet อยู่ แต่ผมคิดว่าเรื่องนี้ก็น่าสนใจในฐานะ เทคโนโลยีที่กำลังท้าทายโลก fiat food อีกแนวทางหนึ่ง เพราะมันไม่ใช่พืชประดิษฐ์ ไม่ใช่แป้ง+สี+กลิ่น+สารพัด additive แต่คือ “การสร้างโปรตีนแท้” ด้วยความรู้ทางวิทยาศาสตร์ ที่เอื้อให้มนุษย์เลิกพึ่งวัวโดยตรง

ไม่แน่ว่าวันหนึ่ง แทนที่จะมีฟาร์มวัวเลี้ยงวัว 500 ตัวเพื่อผลิตเวย์ 1 ตัน เราอาจมีแค่ถังหมัก 1 ถัง ที่เลี้ยงเชื้อรา 500 ล้านตัว แล้วได้เวย์โปรตีนคุณภาพเดียวกัน...โดยไม่ต้องมีเสียง "มอ" เลยสักแอะ

แต่คำถามสำคัญคือ เราจะมีฟาร์มนั้นได้ไหม หรือได้แต่ทำหน้าที่ซื้อนมมารับประทานเท่านั้น

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

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FABRIC AS TEXTBOOK

Learning to embroider - or to mend - is like studying an ancestral language. Manuals explain the backstitch or sashiko, but fabric never lies: it tears if the tension is weak, and wrinkles if the needle is clumsy.

Theory gives you the alphabet; but practice gives you the syntax of the invisible. How many broken stitches hide behind perfect embroidery? How many mistakes teach us the language of threads?

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I. TO MEND IS TO RESIST: THE POLITICAL ACT OF THE NEEDLE

There’s a certain sacred stubbornness in sitting down to mend; like our grandmothers darning our socks until the heel was more patch than original fabric.

And today, in the age of fast fashion, mending is rebellion: a silent "no" to disposability, a resounding "yes" to permanence.

Techniques as Philosophies

• Japanese sashiko: Visible stitches like proud scars. "What’s broken isn’t hidden—it’s celebrated."

• Darning: For when pain must be concealed, not erased.

• Free embroidery: Where repair becomes art and mending, a language.

Every stitch is a pact: "I care for you because you exist."

And isn’t this, too, what mestizaje means? To take the fragmented - fabrics, histories, identities - and reweave them without erasing their origin.

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II. EMBROIDERY AS A SELF-TAUGHT MASTER

Learning to embroider is like learning to live: there are no shortcuts. You can read a thousand tutorials, but until you feel the thread resist the needle’s eye or the fabric tense beneath your fingers, knowledge remains abstract.

The Textile Learning Triad

1. Theory that fades (books explain the backstitch, but not how to avoid knots).

2. Practice that stings (fingers get pricked, stitches go crooked).

3. Intuition that blooms (when hands remember the motion on their own).

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III. THREADS AND TECHNOLOGY

Malinche, Mesoamerica’s first translator, understood this: some knowledge only transmits through action. We, as 21st-century beings, have a privilege: to blend ancestral tools (needles, threads) with modern ones (YouTube tutorials, digital patterns).

At soma, we explore education beyond canons, and embroidery is the perfect example.

Embroidery teaches us:

• Discipline (because one loose stitch ruins the design).

• Creativity (because sometimes you must invent solutions).

• Legacy (because every thread carries memory).

What are you mending today? A skirt, a habit, a way of learning?

This is the future of education: to dig into the old and hack the new.

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IV. INVITATION: STITCHES AND PATIENCE WORKSHOP

This Saturday 26th, at Estudio Malinche, Apaneca - we won’t just teach techniques. We’ll create a collective learning ritual:

• Bring a torn garment and an empty notebook.

• Learn sashiko mending (to honor scars) and bookbinding with recycled paper (to chart your path).

• You’ll leave with ink-stained hands and a heart full of threads.

"Perfection isn’t the goal - persistence is."

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Follow us on IG to check out stories & upcoming events: @larutasoma @estudiomalinche

soma #article #mending #workshop #visiblemending #philosophy #resistance #btc #nostr #elsalvador #sashiko #rutadelasflores #apaneca #education #slowfashion #fashion #fastfashion #embroidery #stitching #handmade #diy

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I started working on this post a couple weeks ago, and out of pure accident, it became my Resurrection Sunday (Easter) post. Maybe it was by God’s design. On Resurrection Sunday, Jesus was raised from the grave. Forty days later he rose to heaven before many witnesses. Someday in the future, the dead in Christ will be raised from the dead, and all believers will be snatched up to heaven. Maybe this is this right post for Resurrection Sunday.

For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. … For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. (1 Thessalonians 4:14, 16-17) {emphasis mine}

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It always amazes me that some Christians don’t believe in the rapture of the church. I understand how there can be a disagreement about exactly when the rapture is to occur, but I can’t comprehend how some Christians don’t believe the rapture is coming or that they believe that the rapture happened in the first century.

Let’s start with the three key verses on the subject and then we’ll get into more details.

Key Rapture Verses

I didn’t notice that this first passage referred to the rapture until it was pointed out to me. I was so focused on Jesus preparing a place, that I missed the key sentence.

“Do not let your heart be troubled; believe in God, believe also in Me. In My Father’s house are many dwelling places; if it were not so, I would have told you; for I go to prepare a place for you. If I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you to Myself, that where I am, there you may be also. (John 14:1-3) {emphasis mine}

Jesus, after His resurrection and as promised in these verses, rose up to heaven to go prepare a place for believers. He will then return to bring believers to Himself. This whole idea would have been particularly clear for the Jews when it was written. When a bride and groom were engaged (a legal contract where they were considered married), the groom would go and prepare a place for them to live. It could be an extra room in his parent’s home or it could be a whole new home. The bride didn’t know when the groom would return to take her to himself to become man and wife. In the same way, Jesus has gone away to prepare a place for us and will return at a time we do not know. Just as the Jewish bride had to be ready to leave with her groom when he suddenly arrived, we also must be ready for Jesus’s return when He will snatch us from earth and take us home with Him to heaven.

But we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope. For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. Therefore comfort one another with these words. (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18) {emphasis mine}

The Bible has a wonderful euphemism for the death of believers. It speaks of them falling asleep because death is not the end for believers. It is just a pause, a separation of body and spirit, before we are raptured to Jesus, to meet Him in the sky, where we will receive a new resurrection body, just as Jesus received when He was raised from the dead 3 days after His crucifixion. Both the dead in Christ and the alive in Christ will “be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air.” God gives us this promise in the Bible to comfort us. It gives us comfort that death is not the end and we will see our fellow believers again in heaven one day. It also gives us comfort that we will not have to experience God’s wrath. “For God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ.” (1 Thessalonians 5:9)

What else can we learn about the rapture?

Now I say this, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable. Behold, I tell you a mystery; we will not all sleep, but we will all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet; for the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. For this perishable must put on the imperishable, and this mortal must put on immortality. But when this perishable will have put on the imperishable, and this mortal will have put on immortality, then will come about the saying that is written, “Death is swallowed up in victory. O death, where is your victory? O death, where is your sting?” The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law; but thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. (1 Corinthians 15:50-57) {emphasis mine}

The rapture will be an instantaneous change from our perishable bodies to imperishable, whether we are alive in Christ or dead in Christ. At the rapture we “will be raised imperishable.” I am very excited to be snatched up into the air, receive a new, eternal body, and meet Jesus face-to-face.

There is one more passage that I believe talks of the rapture that is a bit more subtle from Isaiah.

The righteous man perishes, and no man takes it to heart;\ And devout men are taken away, while no one understands.\ For the righteous man is taken away from evil,\ **He enters into peace;\ They rest in their beds,\ Each one who walked in his upright way. (Isaiah 57:1-2) {emphasis mine}

The seven year Tribulation is the wrath of God poured out on those who rejected Him and the merciful, last chance warning before eternal judgement. Those who have trusted in Jesus (the devout men, the righteous man) will be “taken away from evil” and will “enter into peace.” Instead of experiencing God’s wrath, they will experience His peace. Instead of experience horror, they will “rest in their beds.”

The Seven Raptures Before the Rapture of the Church

How can we know that we will be raptured to heaven to be with Jesus forever? One way is because people have been raptured before (in different ways)

I am borrowing the organization of this section from Chapter 9 of “The End: Everything You’ll Want to Know about the Apocalypse” by Mark Hitchcock, which I happen to be reading at the moment.

1. Rapture of Enoch\ ”So all the days of Enoch were three hundred and sixty-five years. Enoch walked with God; and he was not, for God took him.” (Genesis 5:23-24) \ Enoch was raptured to heaven to be with God. He did not die, but went straight to God.

2. Rapture of Elijah\ ”And it came about when the Lord was about to take up Elijah by a whirlwind to heaven, that Elijah went with Elisha from Gilgal. … As they were going along and talking, behold, there appeared a chariot of fire and horses of fire which separated the two of them. And Elijah went up by a whirlwind to heaven.” (2 Kings 2:1,11) \ Elijah also was raptured to heaven without having to die. This passage gives more details. He went up in a whirlwind to heaven.

3. Rapture of Isaiah\ ”In the year of King Uzziah’s death I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple. Seraphim stood above Him, each having six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. And one called out to another and said,

“Holy, Holy, Holy, is the Lord of hosts,

The whole earth is full of His glory.”” (Isaiah 6:1-3)\ Isaiah’s situation was different. He was raptured to heaven only temporarily to be given God’s word and His prophecy and to call Isaiah for His good plan.

1. Rapture of Jesus\ ”And she gave birth to a son, a male child, who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron; and her child was caught up to God and to His throne.” (Revelation 12:5)\ and\ ”And after He had said these things, He was lifted up while they were looking on, and a cloud received Him out of their sight. And as they were gazing intently into the sky while He was going, behold, two men in white clothing stood beside them. They also said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.” (Acts 1:9-11)\ I’ve listed two verses about Jesus’s rapture. The one from Revelation uses the Greek word harpazo, caught up - when translated to Latin, the word is rapturo, which is where we get our English word rapture. The verses in Acts give a more detailed description of His rapture to heaven, which is an example of our rapture. We are also promised His return.

2. Rapture of Philip\ ”And he ordered the chariot to stop; and they both went down into the water, Philip as well as the eunuch, and he baptized him. When they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord snatched Philip away; and the eunuch no longer saw him, but went on his way rejoicing. But Philip found himself at Azotus, and as he passed through he kept preaching the gospel to all the cities until he came to Caesarea.” (Acts 8:38-40)

The rapture of Philip is different than the rest, because Philip was snatched away, not to heaven, but to Azotus. This is still an instance worth pointing out because it also uses the Greek word Harpazo.

1. Rapture of Paul\ ”I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago—whether in the body I do not know, or out of the body I do not know, God knows—such a man was caught up to the third heaven. And I know how such a man—whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows— was caught up into Paradise and heard inexpressible words, which a man is not permitted to speak.” (2 Corinthians 12:2-4)\ Like Isaiah, Paul was temporarily caught up (Harpazo) to heaven to receive revelation from God and then returned to his work and life on earth

These examples show God snatching people from one location to another, physically or spiritually for His good purpose. I expect it to happen again, shortly before the beginning of the seven year tribulation.

The 3 Views of the Rapture

There are three main views of the rapture: pre-trib, mid-trib, and post-trib. The basic beliefs are pretty much self explanatory by their name. Does the rapture occur before the tribulation, around the mid-point of the tribulation (which is right before the Great Tribulation or final 3.5 years), or after the tribulation? Which one fits what the Bible says better?

Although the Bible doesn’t directly say when the rapture happens, there are some very strong hints.

No wrath For saints

“For God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ.” (1 Thessalonians 5:9)

God promises believers that we are not destined for wrath. The tribulation is also known as1 “The wrath” (1 Thessalonians 5:9 & Revelation 11:18), “The wrath to come” (1 Thessalonians 1:10), “The great day of their wrath” (Revelation 6:17), “The wrath of God” (Revelation15:1,7, 14:10,19, 16:1), “The wrath of the lamb” (Revelation 6:16). There are numerous other equally unpleasant names, but I am sticking with those that use the word wrath. God promised believers that we are not destined for wrath. God never breaks His promises.

Similarly Revelation 3 promises believers will be kept from the hour of testing.

Because you have kept the word of My perseverance, I also will keep you from the hour of testing, that hour which is about to come upon the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth. I am coming quickly; hold fast what you have, so that no one will take your crown. (Revelation 3:10-11) {emphasis mine}

The word quickly can also be translated suddenly. Although Jesus has not returned quickly by our way of figuring time, He will come suddenly.

No one knows when

“But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father alone.” (Matthew 24:36)

Scripture says the Tribulation starts when the Antichrist signs a peace treaty with Israel. If the rapture happens before the tribulation, then we won’t know when it will happen. If the rapture occurs at the mid-trib position, then it will happen 3.5 years after the peace treaty. If the rapture occurs post-trip, then it will happen 7 years after the peace treaty is signed and 3.5 years after the abomination of desolation, when the Antichrist declares himself god in the Jewish temple and requires the whole world to worship him. Only one makes sense if we can’t know when it happens.

Just as in the days of …

“For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of Noah. For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark, and they did not understand until the flood came and took them all away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be. Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will be left. Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left.” (Matthew 24:37-41)

If we look at the words of Jesus, He compares the rapture to the days of Noah. Life happening as normal, then God put Noah and his family on the ark and personally shut the door (Genesis 7:16). Then the flood came, pouring God’s wrath out on those who had rejected Him. In the same way, God will take believers out of the world before pouring out His wrath on those who remain. He clearly states, “one will be taken and one will be left.”

A parallel passage in Luke, not only talks of God removing Noah before the flood, but also tells of God removing Lot before destroying Sodom & Gomorrah.

For just like the lightning, when it flashes out of one part of the sky, shines to the other part of the sky, so will the Son of Man be in His day. But first He must suffer many things and be rejected by this generation. And just as it happened in the days of Noah, so it will be also in the days of the Son of Man: they were eating, they were drinking, they were marrying, they were being given in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark, and the flood came and destroyed them all. It was the same as happened in the days of Lot: they were eating, they were drinking, they were buying, they were selling, they were planting, they were building; but on the day that Lot went out from Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven and destroyed them all. It will be just the same on the day that the Son of Man is revealed. (Luke:17:24-30) {emphasis mine}

Just as Noah was removed before judgement, so also was Lot removed before judgement. In both cases the majority of people were going about business, living normal lives, not expecting anything to change.

In Genesis 19, the angels must remove Lot and his family before the city is destroyed.

Then the two men said to Lot, “Whom else have you here? A son-in-law, and your sons, and your daughters, and whomever you have in the city, bring them out of the place; for we are about to destroy this place, because their outcry has become so great before the Lord that the Lord has sent us to destroy it.” \ …\ When morning dawned, the angels urged Lot, saying, “Up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.” But he hesitated. So the men seized his hand and the hand of his wife and the hands of his two daughters, for the compassion of the Lord was upon him; and they brought him out, and put him outside the city. (Genesis 19:12-13,15-16) {emphasis mine}

In the last days, God has promised to remove us before His judgment is poured out on those who willfully rejected Him. Jesus spoke these words to comfort us and so we would not fear the end.

Removal of the Restrainer

Now we request you, brethren, with regard to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our gathering together to Him, that you not be quickly shaken from your composure or be disturbed either by a spirit or a message or a letter as if from us, to the effect that the day of the Lord has come. Let no one in any way deceive you, for it will not come unless the apostasy comes first, and the man of lawlessness is revealed, the son of destruction, who opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he takes his seat in the temple of God, displaying himself as being God. Do you not remember that while I was still with you, I was telling you these things? And you know what restrains him now, so that in his time he will be revealed. For the mystery of lawlessness is already at work; only he who now restrains will do so until he is taken out of the way. Then that lawless one will be revealed whom the Lord will slay with the breath of His mouth and bring to an end by the appearance of His coming; (2 Thessalonians 2:1-8) {emphasis mine}

The restrainer is the Holy Spirit and the lawless one is the antichrist. This passage is saying that the antichrist will not be revealed until the restrainer is removed. The Holy Spirit indwells every believer. The believers also have to be removed before the antichrist is revealed, otherwise the Holy Spirit would have to leave the believers, leaving them alone during God’s wrath. That, of course, is contrary to God’s character, history, and promise.

Why is There No Mention of the Church During the Tribulation?

In the first three chapters of Revelation, the word church is used again and again. The church is not mentioned again until Revelation 19, regarding the Bride of Christ.

Let us rejoice and be glad and give the glory to Him, for the marriage of the Lamb has come and His bride has made herself ready.” It was given to her to clothe herself in fine linen, bright and clean; for the fine linen is the righteous acts of the saints. (Revelation 19:7-8) {emphasis mine}

All of this makes sense if the church was raptured before the tribulation. Therefore the bride (the church) has had seven years to make herself ready. They then get to descend with Jesus in the second coming of Jesus.

And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse, and He who sat on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness He judges and wages war. His eyes are a flame of fire, and on His head are many diadems; and He has a name written on Him which no one knows except Himself. He is clothed with a robe dipped in blood, and His name is called The Word of God. And the armies which are in heaven, clothed in fine linen, white and clean, were following Him on white horses. From His mouth comes a sharp sword, so that with it He may strike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron; and He treads the wine press of the fierce wrath of God, the Almighty. And on His robe and on His thigh He has a name written, “KING OF KINGS, AND Lord OF LORDS.” (Revelation 19:11-16) {emphasis mine}

The Bride of Christ follows the King of Kings and Lord of Lords back to earth after being made “white and clean.”

Some may accuse pre-trib believers of being escapists. I’ll admit, I am happy to avoid the wrath of God, whether that be the tribulation or eternal damnation or just His daily disappointment in my failings. The fact that I am glad to “escape” the wrath, doesn’t make it untrue. I hope the passages and explanations I shared will give you comfort as the Day of the Lord and the Wrath of God approaches and as we see the world seemingly spiraling out of control. God is in control. Everything is happening according to His plan and for our good.

May the Lord of heaven comfort you with His promises and make you know His love. May you trust Him in good times and bad until the last days. May God give you a desire for His word and an understanding of His prophecies, so you will know the day is fast approaching.

Trust Jesus.

FYI, You can find most of my articles at end times. Some are directly relating to end times while others are loosely related. This post is a logical explanation of the rapture. You can also check out my older article on the rapture, “Up, Up, and Away.” The focus in my previous post was a little different including focusing on how the rapture will effect us, how we should respond to its immanency, and how it relates to the 2nd coming of Christ after the tribulation, so it is worth checking out as well.

@ e8deeca0:4b55db9b

Lily Phillips

Lily Phillips, a 23-year-old OnlyFans creator from Derbyshire, sparked global controversy after announcing her intention to have sex with 1,000 men in one day. While the event itself never occurred, she completed a "training" session with 101 men, which was documented by YouTuber Josh Pieters in a film titled I Slept with 100 Men in One Day. The documentary shows Phillips breaking down emotionally mid-way, which further fueled debates about the psychological toll of such performances.

Phillips maintained that the experience was voluntary and empowering. Still, she also admitted that her content might contribute to unrealistic expectations of women, saying, "It’s my fantasy, but I’m not helping the situation."

The backlash was swift and intense. She was permanently banned from Airbnb for violating their policies during the event, and she faced accusations of idea theft from fellow adult creator Bonnie Blue (no rivalry). But beyond the drama and headlines, her actions touched on something deeper within society—triggering reactions that reveal much about our collective psyche.

Why the Outrage?

The reaction to Phillips was not just about one extreme act. It tapped into long-standing emotional, cultural, and gender-based tensions:

• For many women, it felt like exploitation. Even though Phillips claimed agency, the imagery of one woman being with over a hundred men appeared dehumanizing, echoing trauma around objectification and sexual coercion.

• For some feminists, the event divided opinion. Was it a radical expression of freedom or a reinforcement of male-centered pornographic fantasies?

• For many men, the outrage often stemmed from a sense of moral violation. A woman expressing sexuality so publicly and without shame challenges deep-seated beliefs about purity, modesty, and traditional gender roles.

• Across the board, the situation made people confront how casual sex is viewed in our culture. While society consumes sexualized content daily, overt expressions of it—especially by women who claim control over it—are still met with hostility.

Lily Phillips didn’t just spark a conversation about adult content; she exposed a fault line in how we view sex, autonomy, and public morality. Whether one sees her actions as empowering or disturbing, the public reaction speaks volumes about our own discomforts, hypocrisies, and evolving values.

In the end, Lily became a mirror—reflecting a culture still unsure of how to talk honestly about sex and power.

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Hello

@ 65f03c16:f77e9d92

is a game changer for traders. It blends chaos theory & market psychology to decode price action. Learn to spot order in market noise using fractals & momentum, teaches the Alligator indicator to ride trends & avoid chop. His 5-stage approach, from novice to expert, builds discipline & edge. Perfect for futures or stocks, It’s practical, not abstract. Williams’ 40+ yrs of trading shine through, with tools like Elliott Wave & nonlinear dynamics

recommended !

@ 4ba8e86d:89d32de4

FOSS Browser é um navegador Android totalmente livre e de código aberto (freedom/libre, no sentido de liberdade). Seu código-fonte é público e o aplicativo não solicita permissões desnecessárias. Ele é baseado no WebView do Android, com o objetivo de oferecer uma navegação simples, leve, eficiente e com uma interface agradável.

FOSS Browser é uma aplicação Android para navegação na internet. Por utilizar o WebView nativo do sistema, ele não possui um motor de renderização avançado como navegadores tradicionais, o que o torna mais leve e direto ao ponto.

O FOSS Browser permite salvar configurações específicas para cada domínio, o que ajuda a proteger sua privacidade. Para cada site visitado, é possível ativar ou desativar opções como:

• Bloqueador de anúncios (AdBlock);
• Execução de JavaScript;
• Uso de cookies;
• Proteção contra fingerprinting;
• E outras opções personalizáveis.

Para sites que não têm configurações salvas, você pode ajustar um perfil padrão conforme suas preferências.

Mais recursos de privacidade:

• AdBlock integrado, com atualizações automáticas. Você escolhe o que deseja bloquear. As listas são baseadas nos hosts do projeto Steven Black - AdBlock Hosts https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts
• Bloqueio de cookies de terceiros.
• Bloqueio de banners de consentimento de cookies.
• Habilitar ou desabilitar o preenchimento automático do Android.
• Apagar dados de navegação automaticamente ao sair do app.
• Escolher entre diferentes mecanismos de busca, ou definir um mecanismo personalizado.
• O próprio FOSS Browser não coleta nenhum dado dos usuários https://codeberg.org/Gaukler_Faun/FOSS_Browser/src/branch/master/PRIVACY.md

O FOSS Browser adota o design moderno do Material You, com suporte ao modo claro/escuro do sistema e temas baseados no papel de parede do dispositivo. A interface foi otimizada para uso com uma só mão, com todos os elementos principais localizados na parte inferior da tela.

Recursos adicionais:

• Manter a tela ligada durante a navegação;
• Abrir links em segundo plano;
• Restaurar abas automaticamente ao reiniciar o app.

Gerencie seus favoritos com filtros personalizados. Você pode nomear cada filtro como quiser. Ao pressionar e segurar o ícone de favoritos na barra de ferramentas, terá acesso rápido aos seus sites favoritos.

Gestos Personalizáveis Você pode atribuir quase 20 gestos diferentes à barra de ferramentas e aos seus botões, com suporte a quatro direções por gesto. Também é possível acionar ações ao pressionar e segurar os botões da barra, totalizando até 10 gestos diferentes para controlar o navegador.

Algumas ações disponíveis incluem:

• Carregar o último site acessado;
• Alternar entre abas;
• Recarregar a página;
• Abrir favoritos;
• E muito mais.

-Backup e Restauração

Faça backup de todos os seus dados e configurações importantes (favoritos, histórico, configurações por site, etc.) diretamente no cartão SD. Os backups também podem incluir as configurações gerais do FOSS Browser, e podem ser restaurados em uma instalação nova ou em outro dispositivo, bastando copiar os arquivos de backup.

Link Pra baixar no obtainium : https://codeberg.org/Gaukler_Faun/FOSS_Browser

Fdroid : https://f-droid.org/packages/de.baumann.browser/

https://codeberg.org/Gaukler_Faun/FOSS_Browser

@ d34e832d:383f78d0

Optimizing Knowledge Management with Obsidian and the Zettelkasten Method

The Zettelkasten method, which translates to "slip box" in German, is a powerful system for personal knowledge management developed by sociologist Niklas Luhmann. It relies on creating and linking small, self-contained notes that each represent a single idea or thought. These notes are connected through internal references, forming a dense web of knowledge that mirrors how ideas evolve and relate to each other naturally. By writing in small, atomic units, users are encouraged to distill complex concepts into their essence, improving understanding and retention.

Zettelkasten facilitates knowledge retention by encouraging active engagement with information. Instead of passively reading or highlighting, users must rephrase, question, and connect ideas. This process reinforces memory and builds a reusable archive of insights. The method also supports long-term idea development by creating an environment where thoughts grow organically through continuous linking, comparison, and reflection. For researchers and writers, Zettelkasten becomes a dynamic workspace for managing sources, forming arguments, and drafting structured content.

With the rise of digital tools, the Zettelkasten method has found a modern home in applications like Obsidian. Obsidian is a markdown-based note-taking app that allows users to create a network of interlinked notes stored locally on their device. It supports backlinks, graph views, and a customizable interface, making it ideal for implementing Zettelkasten. Unlike paper systems or linear document editors, Obsidian turns a note collection into an interactive, searchable, and scalable knowledge base. This evolution has made it easier than ever to adopt and maintain a Zettelkasten system for academic research, professional writing, and lifelong learning. - Problem Statement: Despite its effectiveness, many users struggle with implementing Zettelkasten in a way that integrates well into their daily routines. This thesis presents a streamlined, efficient setup using Obsidian for optimal results.

1. Install Obsidian

• Download Obsidian from the official website (https://obsidian.md) and install it on your preferred device (Windows, macOS, Linux, or mobile).
• Open the app and create a new Vault, which will serve as the central repository for all your notes.
• Choose a location for your vault. For backup and multi-device access, store it in a synced folder like Dropbox, OneDrive, or iCloud.

---

2. Folder Structure

Set up a simple, organized folder structure to support the Zettelkasten flow:

• 00_Templates: Store reusable note templates.
• 01_Source_Material: Notes from books, articles, lectures, etc.
• 02_Rough_Notes: Free-form, early-stage thoughts (optional).
• 03_Main_Notes: Core Zettelkasten notes; each represents a single atomic idea.
• 04_Indexes: Thematic hubs or entry points for exploring related notes.
• 05_Tags: Empty placeholder notes acting as tags for navigation or filtering (optional).

---

3. Settings Configuration

• Default Location for New Notes: Point to 03_Main_Notes.
• Appearance: Choose a legible font and theme; toggle "Readable line length" for better formatting.
• Hotkeys: Assign shortcuts, e.g.:
• Ctrl + N: New Note
• Ctrl + T: Insert Template (after plugin activation)
• Core Plugins:
• Enable Templates, Daily Notes (optional), and Backlinks.
• Community Plugins (optional):
• Calendar: For date-based organization.
• Tag Wrangler: For managing and merging tags.
• Advanced Tables, Quick Switcher++, or DataView: For productivity.

---

4. Create Templates

Under 00_Templates, create templates like:

Source Material Template ``` Title: Author: Source: Date: Tags:

Summary: Key Points: Quotes: Reflections: ```

Main Note Template ``` Title: Date Created: Tags:

Idea: Context: Connections: [[Linked Note]] Reflections: ```

Configure the Templates plugin to insert templates quickly using hotkeys.

---

5. Note-Taking Workflow

Step 1: Capture - In 01_Source_Material, create notes while reading or researching. Summarize, highlight quotes, and reflect in your own words. - Use tags for themes, authors, or concepts (e.g., #philosophy, #biology).

Step 2: Synthesize - In 03_Main_Notes, write atomic notes from your reflections. - Each note should express a single idea clearly (under 500 words). - Use links to reference related notes with [[Note Name]]. - Focus on clarity, brevity, and insight.

Step 3: Connect - Link your new idea to related ideas, themes, or sources. - Create notes in 04_Indexes to organize clusters of related content. - Add notes to multiple indexes or link to broader themes using [[#Tag]].

---

6. Use Tags and Indexes Thoughtfully

• Avoid creating hundreds of tags. Stick to a small set of relevant themes.
• Use 05_Tags to define and clarify what each tag means.
• In 04_Indexes, organize curated lists of related notes. Example: Mindfulness Index might link to [[]] notes from psychology, philosophy, and neuroscience.

---

7. Benefits for Research and Writing

• Streamlines Research: Notes from multiple sources are cross-referenced and easily revisitable.
• Accelerates Writing: Writing becomes an assembly of existing notes instead of starting from scratch.
• Improves Clarity: Breaking down ideas into atomic notes encourages better thinking and clarity.
• Long-Term Retention: Regular review and linking strengthen memory and understanding.
• Reusable Content: Notes can be reused across multiple projects, articles, or books.

---

8. Maintenance Tips

• Review backlinks weekly to surface forgotten or underdeveloped ideas.
• Refactor or split long notes to maintain atomicity.
• Avoid over-editing old notes; instead, create new ones that build upon earlier thoughts.

---

With this Obsidian-based Zettelkasten setup, you're not just taking notes — you're cultivating a living knowledge system. Whether you're an academic, writer, student, or lifelong learner, this system adapts to your workflow, grows with your interests, and becomes more powerful the more you use it. Over time, your vault evolves into a personalized knowledge database that supports deeper understanding, creative exploration, and effortless content creation.

---

1. The Zettelkasten Methodology

The Original Zettelkasten Technique: Core Principles & Benefits

The Zettelkasten method (German for "slip box") was developed by sociologist Niklas Luhmann as a tool to manage complex knowledge and boost creativity in writing and research. He credited it with enabling his prolific academic output: over 70 books and hundreds of articles. The brilliance of the system lies in its simplicity, modularity, and organic growth.

---

🌱 Core Principles of Zettelkasten

1. Atomicity

Each note in the Zettelkasten should express a single idea or concept. This principle ensures clarity, encourages deeper understanding, and makes ideas easier to reuse and connect.

• ✅ Do: “The law of diminishing returns means each additional input yields less output.”
• ❌ Don’t: Combine multiple concepts or quotes into one long note.

Atomic notes are easier to: - Link logically. - Modify independently. - Reuse across different contexts.

---

2. Linking

Instead of a rigid hierarchy, Zettelkasten thrives on contextual, lateral linking.

• Notes are connected using direct references to other notes.
• Each note becomes part of a network, not a silo.
• Links simulate how human memory works—via associations, not folders.

Example: A note on “Nietzsche’s eternal recurrence” might link to notes on “cyclical time in Buddhism” or “existentialism.”

Benefits: - Emergent structure—patterns and themes arise naturally. - Serendipitous discovery—old ideas resurface via linked paths. - Compound creativity—new combinations emerge from connected thoughts.

---

3. Simplicity

Luhmann emphasized a low-friction system. His physical slip-box used numbered index cards and manual cross-referencing—no complex categorization.

Simplicity: - Reduces friction between thought and capture. - Makes the system future-proof and easy to maintain. - Encourages writing in your own words, promoting internalization.

Modern Zettelkasten tools (like Obsidian) honor this by: - Allowing bidirectional links ([[Note Title]]). - Replacing folders with tags and contextual backlinks. - Supporting plain text Markdown format for longevity.

---

✍️ Benefits of Zettelkasten

📚 For Writing

• Provides a ready-made library of ideas to draw from.
• Writing becomes assembly, not invention—you collect, synthesize, and expand existing notes.
• Encourages idea-driven writing, not source-driven copying.

“Writing is no longer a process of transfer, but of transformation.” — Luhmann

---

🔍 For Research

• Encourages critical engagement with sources (notes are written in your own words).
• Makes literature review manageable through connected concepts.
• Supports non-linear learning—you follow interesting links, not rigid outlines.

---

🧠 For Idea Organization

• Keeps ideas alive and evolving through regular linking and revisiting.
• Avoids information rot by focusing on synthesis, not storage.
• Fosters a personal knowledge graph—tailored to how you think.

---

🧩 Summary Table

| Principle | What it Means | Why it Matters | |---------------|------------------------------------|--------------------------------------| | Atomicity | 1 idea per note | Improves clarity, reuse, and focus | | Linking | Contextual note-to-note links | Encourages discovery and depth | | Simplicity | Low friction, minimal structure | Easy to maintain and long-lasting |

---

Consider

The original Zettelkasten is more than a note-taking method—it's a thinking partner. By focusing on the quality of thought, it transforms how you learn, create, and connect ideas. Whether used with index cards or modern tools like Obsidian, its core principles remain timeless.

Would you like a visual map or Obsidian-ready template for Luhmann-style Zettelkasten?

• Benefits of Zettelkasten for Writing:
• Streamlines Research: Centralized notes help avoid redundant research across multiple projects.
• Facilitates Long-Form Writing: Accumulated notes serve as building blocks for larger projects.
• Personal Writing Assistant: The evolving network of notes provides quick access to ideas for future writing.

---

1. Obsidian Setup and Configuration

2. Installing Obsidian: Guide the user through the installation process, emphasizing the free version and its core features.

3. Creating and Organizing a Vault: A vault in Obsidian is the central hub for all your notes. This section provides instructions for setting up a vault and explains the importance of cloud storage for backup and accessibility.

4. Folder Structure: Establish a recommended folder structure:

5. Rough Notes: Optional folder for quick thoughts.
6. Source Material: Store notes from books, articles, etc.
7. Tags: Empty notes used as tags for easy categorization.
8. Indexes: Organized collections of notes based on specific topics or themes.
9. Templates: Predefined templates for consistent note-taking.

10. Main Notes: The core content of your knowledge base.

11. Settings Configuration:

12. Configure default note locations.
13. Customize appearance for readability.
14. Set up hotkeys for efficient note-taking (e.g., Ctrl+T for template insertion).
15. Enable and configure the "Templates" core plugin for consistent note creation.

---

1. The Note-Taking Process

2. Creating Notes: Guide the user on how to create new notes (Ctrl+O) and insert templates (Ctrl+T). Emphasize the importance of focusing on one idea per note to maintain atomicity.

3. Source Material Notes:

4. Record page numbers, quotes, and elaborate on the ideas in your own words.

5. Include metadata such as authorship, publication year, and source references.

6. Main Notes:

7. Synthesize ideas from source material.
8. Focus on the key takeaways and connections between different ideas.

9. Use internal links ([[Note Name]]) to connect related notes and foster deeper understanding.

10. Tagging Notes:

11. Use tags sparingly but effectively.
12. Avoid over-complicating tags, focusing on personal interests or key themes.
13. Tags act as an index to quickly locate notes.

---

1. Linking and Organizing Ideas

2. Internal Links and Connections: Demonstrate how internal links help create a web of interconnected ideas. Discuss how linking related concepts and topics can lead to a more holistic understanding.

3. Indexing for Navigation: Show how creating indexes for topics allows for quick access to collections of related notes. Introduce the idea of building thematic indexes for large research projects.

4. Synthesizing Notes for Larger Projects: Explain how to take notes from the Source Material and Main Notes to gradually build drafts for books, essays, or research papers.

---

1. Best Practices for Obsidian and Zettelkasten

2. Consistency and Simplicity: Emphasize the importance of simplicity in both note-taking and vault organization. Discourage the need for a "perfect" setup, focusing on efficiency and growth over time.

3. Keeping Notes Concise: Encourage users to keep each note under 500 words, focusing on one idea per note. This enhances clarity and makes it easier to synthesize ideas later.

4. Making Notes Readable: Provide tips on formatting for readability: use headings, bullet points, and quotes to break up large blocks of text.

---

1. Practical Applications of Zettelkasten in Writing

2. Research Projects: Show how to leverage your Zettelkasten system to conduct more efficient and thorough research for academic papers, articles, or blog posts.

3. Book and Essay Writing: Provide examples of how notes in Obsidian can evolve into larger writing projects, from initial drafts to final revisions.

4. Personal Projects and Brainstorming: Illustrate how the Zettelkasten method can be used for creative writing, personal reflections, or brainstorming for new ventures.

---

1. Case In Point

2. Summary of Findings: Recap the effectiveness of combining the Zettelkasten method with Obsidian for knowledge management, writing, and research.

3. Future Directions: Suggest areas for future exploration, such as integrating other digital tools (e.g., Zotero, Roam Research) into the workflow or expanding the Zettelkasten method into larger organizational systems.

---

1. References

2. Cite all relevant sources, including academic papers, books, and articles about the Zettelkasten method, Obsidian, and knowledge management.

---

📘 1. Source Note Template (Source Note)

This template is used when reading books, articles, podcasts, or videos. The goal is to capture contextual metadata and your impressions, not to mindlessly copy.

```markdown

📘 Source: {{title}}

Type: Book / Article / Video / Podcast
Author: {{author}}
Published: {{date}}
Source Link: Link
Tags: #source #{{topic}}
Related Notes: [[ ]]

---

🧠 Summary

A brief summary of the source in your own words.

🧩 Key Ideas

• Idea 1
• Idea 2
• Idea 3

🔎 Quotes & Passages

“...”
— Page X

🗺️ Linked Notes

• [[Note about idea X]]
• [[Historical context of Y]]

📝 Your Thoughts

• Agreement? Disagreement?
• How does this relate to your current research?
• Ideas it sparked? ```

---

🧠 2. Main/Idea Note Template (Zettel or Permanent Note)

Each idea should be atomic, clearly written in your own words, and linked to related ideas. This is the core of your Zettelkasten.

```markdown

💡 {{Descriptive Title}}

ID: {{YYYYMMDDHHMM}}
Tags: #zettel #{{topic}}
Linked From: [[ ]]

---

🧠 Core Idea

Write a single, concise idea in your own words. This should be a self-contained statement or argument.

💬 Explanation / Elaboration

Explain why this idea matters or how it connects to broader themes. Use metaphors, contrast, or short examples.

🔗 Related Notes

• [[Related idea A]]
• [[Contrasting concept B]]
• [[Supports claim C]] ```

Tip: Use the ID convention (e.g. 202504201013) to uniquely identify each note.

---

🧪 3. Research Summary Note (Literature Note or Topic Overview)

Use this when you're studying a broader concept or topic and summarizing multiple inputs (e.g., a research question or paper theme).

```markdown

🧪 Research Summary: {{Topic}}

Tags: #summary #research #{{subject}}
Created: {{date}}
Status: Draft / Ongoing / Complete

---

📌 Topic Overview

Brief definition or framing of the research question.

📚 Key Sources

• [[Author, Title]] — key takeaway.
• [[Article Title]] — significant argument.

🧩 Key Themes

• Theme 1: summary + relevant note links.
• Theme 2: contrasting perspective.

🧠 Emerging Ideas

• New insights or patterns you're noticing.
• Questions that remain unanswered.

🔗 Related Notes

• [[Main idea note]]
• [[Potential application note]]
• [[Philosophical implication]] ```

---

🔄 How They Interact

• Source Notes → inspire → Main Notes
• Main Notes → get linked into → Research Summaries
• Research Summaries → help generate → new Main Notes

“You don’t collect knowledge, you build it — one link at a time.”

---

@ f7d424b5:618c51e8

It's our podcast and we'll talk about whatever we want. Welcome to a return to normalcy where we cover a variety of subjects instead of just a couple of really long ones. Crack open a beer and chill with us. We're gonna talk about the Galaxy showcase, Marathon, Skyblivion & the leaked Oblivion remake, and a whole bunch more.

In the opening of the episode we get Vic's reaction to a really specific trailer, if you want to follow along, this is the link to that video

Other stuff cited:

• Switch 2 isn't changing price after all?
• Adi Shankar is an Asmon fan

Obligatory:

• Listen to the new episode here!
• Discuss this episode on OUR NEW FORUM
• Get the RSS and Subscribe (this is a new feed URL, but the old one redirects here too!)
• Get a modern podcast app to use that RSS feed on at newpodcastapps.com
• Or listen to the show on the forum using the embedded Podverse player!
• Send your complaints here

Reminder that this is a Value4Value podcast so any support you can give us via a modern podcasting app is greatly appreciated and we will never bow to corporate sponsors!

@ 5d4b6c8d:8a1c1ee3

I was just about to get into bed last night, after recording the Stacker Sports Pod and hiding Easter Eggs, when I remembered to check my step count. As often happens, I was stupidly short of my goal: just 7 steps this time.

My step counter is not nearly so precise as to actually record seven steps, so I knew it was either go to bed or do some chores for a bit to get enough more steps to register.

Well, I got the steps easily enough, only to discover the dog had an accident on the carpet that I now needed to clean up...and it turned out we had run out of the cleaning supplies we use for such incidents. So, I had to do some basic chemistry at midnight to mix up a makeshift cleaning solution to keep the carpet from staining and wait long enough for it to do its magic before drying it out.

Had I just taken the L on the steps, the dog would have just fallen asleep and peed in the morning. I doubt the Workit payout will prove to be worth the hassle this time

originally posted at https://stacker.news/items/950750

@ ed5774ac:45611c5c

April 20, 2020: The day I saw my so-called friends expose themselves as gutless, brain-dead sheep.

On that day, I shared a video exposing the damning history of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's vaccine campaigns in Africa and the developing world. As Gates was on every TV screen, shilling COVID jabs that didn’t even exist, I called out his blatant financial conflict of interest and pointed out the obvious in my facebook post: "Finally someone is able to explain why Bill Gates runs from TV to TV to promote vaccination. Not surprisingly, it's all about money again…" - referencing his substantial investments in vaccine technology, including BioNTech's mRNA platform that would later produce the COVID vaccines and generate massive profits for his so-called philanthropic foundation.

The conflict of interest was undeniable. I genuinely believed anyone capable of basic critical thinking would at least pause to consider these glaring financial motives. But what followed was a masterclass in human stupidity.

My facebook post from 20 April 2020:

Not only was I branded a 'conspiracy theorist' for daring to question the billionaire who stood to make a fortune off the very vaccines he was shilling, but the brain-dead, logic-free bullshit vomited by the people around me was beyond pathetic. These barely literate morons couldn’t spell "Pfizer" without auto-correct, yet they mindlessly swallowed and repeated every lie the media and government force-fed them, branding anything that cracked their fragile reality as "conspiracy theory." Big Pharma’s rap sheet—fraud, deadly cover-ups, billions in fines—could fill libraries, yet these obedient sheep didn’t bother to open a single book or read a single study before screaming their ignorance, desperate to virtue-signal their obedience. Then, like spineless lab rats, they lined up for an experimental jab rushed to the market in months, too dumb to care that proper vaccine development takes a decade.

The pathetic part is that these idiots spend hours obsessing over reviews for their useless purchases like shoes or socks, but won’t spare 60 seconds to research the experimental cocktail being injected into their veins—or even glance at the FDA’s own damning safety reports. Those same obedient sheep would read every Yelp review for a fucking coffee shop but won't spend five minutes looking up Pfizer's criminal fraud settlements. They would demand absolute obedience to ‘The Science™’—while being unable to define mRNA, explain lipid nanoparticles, or justify why trials were still running as they queued up like cattle for their jab. If they had two brain cells to rub together or spent 30 minutes actually researching, they'd know, but no—they'd rather suck down the narrative like good little slaves, too dumb to question, too weak to think.

Worst of all, they became the system’s attack dogs—not just swallowing the poison, but forcing it down others’ throats. This wasn’t ignorance. It was betrayal. They mutated into medical brownshirts, destroying lives to virtue-signal their obedience—even as their own children’s hearts swelled with inflammation.

One conversation still haunts me to this day—a masterclass in wealth-worship delusion. A close friend, as a response to my facebook post, insisted that Gates’ assumed reading list magically awards him vaccine expertise, while dismissing his billion-dollar investments in the same products as ‘no conflict of interest.’ Worse, he argued that Gates’s $5–10 billion pandemic windfall was ‘deserved.’

This exchange crystallizes civilization’s intellectual surrender: reason discarded with religious fervor, replaced by blind faith in corporate propaganda.

The comment of a friend on my facebook post that still haunts me to this day:

Walking Away from the Herd

After a period of anger and disillusionment, I made a decision: I would no longer waste energy arguing with people who refused to think for themselves. If my circle couldn’t even ask basic questions—like why an untested medical intervention was being pushed with unprecedented urgency—then I needed a new community.

Fortunately, I already knew where to look. For three years, I had been involved in Bitcoin, a space where skepticism wasn’t just tolerated—it was demanded. Here, I’d met some of the most principled and independent thinkers I’d ever encountered. These were people who understood the corrupting influence of centralized power—whether in money, media, or politics—and who valued sovereignty, skepticism, and integrity. Instead of blind trust, bitcoiners practiced relentless verification. And instead of empty rhetoric, they lived by a simple creed: Don’t trust. Verify.

It wasn’t just a philosophy. It was a lifeline. So I chose my side and I walked away from the herd.

Finding My Tribe

Over the next four years, I immersed myself in Bitcoin conferences, meetups, and spaces where ideas were tested, not parroted. Here, I encountered extraordinary people: not only did they share my skepticism toward broken systems, but they challenged me to sharpen it.

No longer adrift in a sea of mindless conformity, I’d found a crew of thinkers who cut through the noise. They saw clearly what most ignored—that at the core of society’s collapse lay broken money, the silent tax on time, freedom, and truth itself. But unlike the complainers I’d left behind, these people built. They coded. They wrote. They risked careers and reputations to expose the rot. Some faced censorship; others, mockery. All understood the stakes.

These weren’t keyboard philosophers. They were modern-day Cassandras, warning of inflation’s theft, the Fed’s lies, and the coming dollar collapse—not for clout, but because they refused to kneel to a dying regime. And in their defiance, I found something rare: a tribe that didn’t just believe in a freer future. They were engineering it.

April 20, 2024: No more herd. No more lies. Only proof-of-work.

On April 20, 2024, exactly four years after my last Facebook post, the one that severed my ties to the herd for good—I stood in front of Warsaw’s iconic Palace of Culture and Science, surrounded by 400 bitcoiners who felt like family. We were there to celebrate Bitcoin’s fourth halving, but it was more than a protocol milestone. It was a reunion of sovereign individuals. Some faces I’d known since the early days; others, I’d met only hours before. We bonded instantly—heated debates, roaring laughter, zero filters on truths or on so called conspiracy theories.

As the countdown to the halving began, it hit me: This was the antithesis of the hollow world I’d left behind. No performative outrage, no coerced consensus—just a room of unyielding minds who’d traded the illusion of safety for the grit of truth. Four years prior, I’d been alone in my resistance. Now, I raised my glass among my people - those who had seen the system's lies and chosen freedom instead. Each had their own story of awakening, their own battles fought, but here we shared the same hard-won truth.

The energy wasn’t just electric. It was alive—the kind that emerges when free people build rather than beg. For the first time, I didn’t just belong. I was home. And in that moment, the halving’s ticking clock mirrored my own journey: cyclical, predictable in its scarcity, revolutionary in its consequences. Four years had burned away the old world. What remained was stronger.

No Regrets

Leaving the herd wasn’t a choice—it was evolution. My soul shouted: "I’d rather stand alone than kneel with the masses!". The Bitcoin community became more than family; they’re living proof that the world still produces warriors, not sheep. Here, among those who forge truth, I found something extinct elsewhere: hope that burns brighter with every halving, every block, every defiant mind that joins the fight.

Change doesn’t come from the crowd. It starts when one person stops applauding.

Today, I stand exactly where I always wanted to be—shoulder-to-shoulder with my true family: the rebels, the builders, the ungovernable. Together, we’re building the decentralized future.

@ 3f770d65:7a745b24

At the recent Launch Music Festival and Conference in Lancaster, PA, featuring over 120 musicians across three days, I volunteered my time with Tunestr and Phantom Power Music's initiative to introduce artists to Bitcoin, Nostr, and the value-for-value model. Tunestr sponsored a stage, live-streaming 21 bands to platforms like Tunestr.io, Fountain.fm and other Nostr/Podcasting 2.0 apps and on-boarding as many others as possible at our conference booth. You may have seen me spamming about this over the last few days.

V4V Earnings

Day 1: 180,000 sats

Day 2: 300,000 sats

Day 3: Over 500,000 sats

Who?

Here are the artists that were on-boarded to Fountain and were live streaming on the Value-for-Value stage:

nostr:npub1cruu4z0hwg7n3r2k7262vx8jsmra3xpku85frl5fnfvrwz7rd7mq7e403w nostr:npub12xeh3n7w8700z4tpd6xlhlvg4vtg4pvpxd584ll5sva539tutc3q0tn3tz nostr:npub1rc80p4v60uzfhvdgxemhvcqnzdj7t59xujxdy0lcjxml3uwdezyqtrpe0j @npub16vxr4pc2ww3yaez9q4s53zkejjfd0djs9lfe55sjhnqkh nostr:npub10uspdzg4fl7md95mqnjszxx82ckdly8ezac0t3s06a0gsf4f3lys8ypeak nostr:npub1gnyzexr40qut0za2c4a0x27p4e3qc22wekhcw3uvdx8mwa3pen0s9z90wk nostr:npub13qrrw2h4z52m7jh0spefrwtysl4psfkfv6j4j672se5hkhvtyw7qu0almy nostr:npub1p0kuqxxw2mxczc90vcurvfq7ljuw2394kkqk6gqnn2cq0y9eq5nq87jtkk nostr:npub182kq0sdp7chm67uq58cf4vvl3lk37z8mm5k5067xe09fqqaaxjsqlcazej nostr:npub162hr8kd96vxlanvggl08hmyy37qsn8ehgj7za7squl83um56epnswkr399 nostr:npub17jzk5ex2rafres09c4dnn5mm00eejye6nrurnlla6yn22zcpl7vqg6vhvx nostr:npub176rnksulheuanfx8y8cr2mrth4lh33svvpztggjjm6j2pqw6m56sq7s9vz nostr:npub1akv7t7xpalhsc4nseljs0c886jzuhq8u42qdcwvu972f3mme9tjsgp5xxk nostr:npub18x0gv872489lrczp9d9m4hx59r754x7p9rg2jkgvt7ul3kuqewtqsssn24

Many more musicians were on-boarded to Fountain, however, we were unable to obtain all of their npubs.

THANK YOU TO ALL ZAPPERS AND BOOSTERS!

Musicians “Get It”

My key takeaway was the musicians' absolute understanding that the current digital landscape along with legacy social media is failing them. Every artist I spoke with recognized how algorithms hinder fan connection and how gatekeepers prevent fair compensation for their work. They all use Spotify, but they only do so out of necessity. They felt the music industry is primed for both a social and monetary revolution. Some of them were even speaking my language…

Because of this, concepts like decentralization, censorship resistance, owning your content, and controlling your social graph weren't just understood by them, they were instantly embraced. The excitement was real; they immediately saw the potential and agreed with me. Bitcoin and Nostr felt genuinely punk rock and that helped a lot of them identify with what we were offering them.

The Tools and the Issues

While the Nostr ecosystem offers a wide variety of tools, we focused on introducing three key applications at this event to keep things clear for newcomers:

1. Fountain, with a music focus, was the primary tool for onboarding attendees onto Nostr. Fountain was also chosen thanks to Fountain’s built-in Lightning wallet.
2. Primal, as a social alternative, was demonstrated to show how users can take their Nostr identity and content seamlessly between different applications.
3. Tunestr.io, lastly was showcased for its live video streaming capabilities.

Although we highlighted these three, we did inform attendees about the broader range of available apps and pointed them to nostrapps.com if they wanted to explore further, aiming to educate without overwhelming them.

This review highlights several UX issues with the Fountain app, particularly concerning profile updates, wallet functionality, and user discovery. While Fountain does work well, these minor hiccups make it extremely hard for on-boarding and education.

• Profile Issues:
• When a user edits their profile (e.g., Username/Nostr address, Lightning address) either during or after creation, the changes don't appear to consistently update across the app or sync correctly with Nostr relays.
• Specifically, the main profile display continues to show the old default Username/Nostr address and Lightning address inside Fountain and on other Nostr clients.
• However, the updated Username/Nostr address does appear on https://fountain.fm (chosen-username@fountain.fm) and is visible within the "Edit Profile" screen itself in the app.
• This inconsistency is confusing for users, as they see their updated information in some places but not on their main public-facing profile within the app. I confirmed this by observing a new user sign up and edit their username – the edit screen showed the new name, but the profile display in Fountain did not update and we did not see it inside Primal, Damus, Amethyst, etc.
• Wallet Limitations:
• The app's built-in wallet cannot scan Lightning address QR codes to initiate payments.
• This caused problems during the event where users imported Bitcoin from Azte.co vouchers into their Fountain wallets. When they tried to Zap a band by scanning a QR code on the live tally board, Fountain displayed an error message stating the invoice or QR code was invalid.
• While suggesting musicians install Primal as a second Nostr app was a potential fix for the QR code issue, (and I mentioned it to some), the burden of onboarding users onto two separate applications, potentially managing two different wallets, and explaining which one works for specific tasks creates a confusing and frustrating user experience.
• Search Difficulties:
• Finding other users within the Fountain app is challenging. I was unable to find profiles from brand new users by entering their chosen Fountain username.
• To find a new user, I had to resort to visiting their profile on the web (fountain.fm/username) to retrieve their npub. Then, open Primal and follow them. Finally, when searching for their username, since I was now following them, I was able to find their profile.
• This search issue is compounded by the profile syncing problem mentioned earlier, as even if found via other clients, their displayed information is outdated.
• Searching for the event to Boost/Zap inside Fountain was harder than it should have been the first two days as the live stream did not appear at the top of the screen inside the tap. This was resolved on the third day of the event.

Improving the Onboarding Experience

To better support user growth, educators and on-boarders need more feature complete and user-friendly applications. I love our developers and I will always sing their praises from the highest mountain tops, however I also recognize that the current tools present challenges that hinder a smooth onboarding experience.

One potential approach explored was guiding users to use Primal (including its built-in wallet) in conjunction with Wavlake via Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC). While this could facilitate certain functions like music streaming, zaps, and QR code scanning (which require both Primal and Wavlake apps), Wavlake itself has usability issues. These include inconsistent or separate profiles between web and mobile apps, persistent "Login" buttons even when logged in on the mobile app with a Nostr identity, and the minor inconvenience of needing two separate applications. Although NWC setup is relatively easy and helps streamline the process, the need to switch between apps adds complexity, especially when time is limited and we’re aiming to showcase the benefits of this new system.

Ultimately, we need applications that are more feature-complete and intuitive for mainstream users to improve the onboarding experience significantly.

Looking forward to the future

I anticipate that most of these issues will be resolved when these applications address them in the near future. Specifically, this would involve Fountain fixing its profile issues and integrating Nostr Wallet Connect (NWC) to allow users to utilize their Primal wallet, or by enabling the scanning of QR codes that pay out to Lightning addresses. Alternatively, if Wavlake resolves the consistency problems mentioned earlier, this would also significantly improve the situation giving us two viable solutions for musicians.

My ideal onboarding event experience would involve having all the previously mentioned issues resolved. Additionally, I would love to see every attendee receive a $5 or $10 voucher to help them start engaging with value-for-value, rather than just the limited number we distributed recently. The goal is to have everyone actively zapping and sending Bitcoin throughout the event. Maybe we can find a large sponsor to facilitate this in the future?

What's particularly exciting is the Launch conference's strong interest in integrating value-for-value across their entire program for all musicians and speakers at their next event in Dallas, Texas, coming later this fall. This presents a significant opportunity to onboard over 100+ musicians to Bitcoin and Nostr, which in turn will help onboard their fans and supporters.

We need significantly more zaps and more zappers! It's unreasonable to expect the same dedicated individuals to continuously support new users; they are being bled dry. A shift is needed towards more people using bitcoin for everyday transactions, treating it as money. This brings me back to my ideal onboarding experience: securing a sponsor to essentially give participants bitcoin funds specifically for zapping and tipping artists. This method serves as a practical lesson in using bitcoin as money and showcases the value-for-value principle from the outset.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Bis in die Jahre 1 v. C., vor Corona, also bis 2019, lebte Deutschland in einer erträglichen Demokratie, an der es auch von damals kritischen Menschen zurecht immer schon reichlich auszusetzen gab. Aber es war auszuhalten, manchmal sogar richtig fein, es gab Zufriedenheit und gelegentlich sogar Glücksmomente. Die Kritiker hatten damals noch das Gefühl, frei ihre Meinung sagen zu können. Der Staat respektierte die Privatsphäre, auch wenn immer wieder Versuche gestartet wurden, in Angelegenheiten der Bürger Einblick zu gewinnen, die den Staat nichts angehen.

Man hatte die Möglichkeit, sich Nischen zu suchen, die eine Lebensqualität boten, mit dem Gefühl, man habe die Möglichkeit, der Staat rückt einem nicht allzu sehr auf die Pelle. Man war dazu bereit, die Konsequenzen für diese Freiheit in Kauf zu nehmen, weil einem andere Werte wichtiger waren, als zum Beispiel brav am Konsum teilzunehmen. Es gab Vorwürfe, man sei Konsumverweigerer, worauf stets die Antwort kam: Nein, nicht Konsumverweigerer, sondern Konsumverzichter. Verzichter deshalb, weil in Verzicht die freie Wahl enthalten ist. Konsumverweigerer ist ein Begriff aus dem System, der beschreibt, dass man sich durch seine Zurückhaltung im Konsum dem System verweigert.

Nach inzwischen fünf Jahren fängt es an schwer zu fallen, sich an das damalige Lebensgefühl zu erinnern.

Mit Corona sind, im Nachhinein betrachtet, die Schleusen für etwas aufgegangen, das man so nie für möglich gehalten hätte.

Als ob die miesesten Charaktere nur auf eine Gelegenheit gewartet hätten, endlich loslegen zu können, wird seitdem der Wahnsinn ununterbrochen über uns ausgeschüttet. Grundrechte wurden ausgehebelt, Zwangsmaßnahmen durchgesetzt, die Menschen wurden genötigt, einen Gehorsamkeitsbeweis vor dem Mund zu tragen, sie wurden in ihrer Mobilität eingeschränkt, Kinder wurden ihrer Kindheit und Bildung beraubt, es folgte eine absurde Verfügung nach der anderen. Heute, nachdem die allermeisten sogenannten Verschwörungstheorien wahr geworden sind, wissenschaftlich widerlegt und als sinnentleert entlarvt wurden, besteht nicht das geringste Interesse an einer wirklichen Aufarbeitung. Die lächerlichen Talkrunden im Staatsfunkt täuschen lediglich eine Aufarbeitungs-Simulation vor. Und es gibt immer noch genug Menschen, die darauf reinfallen und das perfide Spiel nicht durchschauen.

Mit Corona wurde auch die Spaltung der Gesellschaft vorangetrieben. Ein Austausch unter Freunden zu unterschiedlichen Einstellungen zu der sogenannten Impfung kam zum Erliegen. Stattdessen zog eine neue „Qualität“ ein, das dröhnende Schweigen, bis heute. Langjährige Freundschaften gingen zu ende, Risse taten sich in Familien auf, die teilweise bis heute nicht verheilt sind. Bestenfalls werden sie mit Totschweigen übergebügelt, damit ein halbwegs normaler Alltag überhaupt möglich ist. Im Unterbewusstsein brodelt es dennoch, das Thema ist ja nicht weg. Und der Tag wird kommen, an dem all das Unterdrückte mit aller Macht an die Oberfläche dringt und der ohnehin immense psychischen Schaden bei vielen Menschen beängstigende Auswirkungen haben wird.

Die Deutschen waren im 2. Weltkrieg sowohl Täter als auch Opfer. In beiden Fällen hat das ein Trauma ausgelöst. Das inszenierte Wirtschaftswunder hat die Menschen davon abgelenkt, dass sie sich mit ihrer eigenen Vergangenheit und ihrem Verhalten hätten auseinandersetzen müssen. Daraus hat sich der Glaube entwickelt, dass, wenn man schön brav und fleißig ist, dann wird die Welt uns schon irgendwann einmal wieder liebhaben.

Auf dieses nicht aufgearbeitete Trauma, dessen Folgen noch die zweite Generation zu spüren bekommt, ist jetzt ein weiteres gesellschaftliches Trauma aufgesetzt worden, und die Wahrscheinlichkeit ist groß, dass auch das nicht aufgearbeitet werden wird.

Was will man von so einer Gesellschaft erwarten?

Damit noch nicht genug, gewannen die Schlagzeilen zum Konflikt in der Ukraine die Oberhand, die Corona weitgehend verdrängten. Wieder machte sich Angst breit. Wird es einen Krieg geben? Die Vorgeschichte zum Ukraine-Konflikt wurde im Mainstream weitgehend unter den Teppich gekehrt. Die Frage nach dem eigenen Anteil des sogenannten Wertewestens an diesem Konflikt? Fehlanzeige! Passt nicht ins Narrativ. Aus diesem Konflikt, der, wie die Russen es nennen, militärischen Sonderoperation, ist allmählich ein ausgewachsener Krieg geworden. Ein klarer Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen den USA und Russland, auf dem Rücken der Ukraine, die sich durch Selensky vor den Karren spannen lassen hat. Bereits einen Monat nach Ausbruch des Konflikts war ein Frieden zum Greifen nahe. Dank des Westens konnte dies erfolgreich verhindert werden.

Aber diesen Elefanten im Raum will niemand wirklich sehen, geschweige denn, das zugeben. Die aktuelle Regierung in den USA hat nun die Aufgabe, die Scherben zu kitten, die die Vorgängerregierung verursacht hat. Dabei geht es nicht nur um Nächstenliebe, und das sinnlose Töten zu beenden, sondern auch um eine Möglichkeit, sich gesichtswahrend aus der Affaire zu ziehen. In erster Linie geht es um Interessen, nicht um „ein paar Menschenleben mehr oder weniger“.

Damit aber immer noch nicht genug, stellt sich Europa, den Friedensbemühungen zwischen den Großmächten USA und Russland in den Weg, verlängert damit das Sterben, statt diese Bemühungen zu unterstützen.

Zu Anfang von Corona haben viele geglaubt, was da abgeht, ist so absurd, das kann nicht lange dauern, dann klärt sich das auf. Seit fünf Jahren werden wir eines Besseren belehrt, denn die Absurditäten, der Wahnsinn will schier kein Ende nehmen. Und immer, wenn man denkt, schlimmer geht’s nimmer, kommt einer daher, und beweist das Gegenteil.

Um diesen Irrsinn immer weiter voranzutreiben, werden inzwischen nach der Bedienungsanleitung von George Orwells „1984“ Begriffe umgedeutet: Krieg ist Frieden, Spaltung ist Zusammenhalt, Zensur ist der Schutz vor Desinformation, Schulden sind Sondervermögen, usw. usw. usw.. Tschüss, gute alte Demokratie, willkommen in Unseredemokratie. Auch so ein Kunstwort, hinter der sich die unterschiedlichsten anti-demokratischen Tendenzen verbergen.

Eine vollständige Auflistung des Irrsinns würde den Rahmen des Möglichen sprengen.

Man fragt sich, was aufgrund der endlosen, oft menschenverachtenden, aber auf jeden Fall mindestens unmenschlichen Lebensbedingungen auf der Metaebene los ist, dass ein großer Teil der Menschheit, besonders der westlichen Welt, speziell in Europa, vollkommen den Verstand verloren hat.

Man kann es eigentlich nicht anders erklären, als dass das Böse die Macht ergriffen hat, dass die politischen Entscheidungsträger vom Teufel, oder wie auch immer man es nennen will, besessen sind.

Kräfte, ob gute oder schlechte, suchen sich immer Menschen, durch die sie wirken können.

Es bräuchte einen gesellschaftlichen Exorzismus, der diesen politischen Fehlbesetzungen den Teufel aus dem Leib treibt, doch auch leider ist ein großer Teil der Bevölkerung ebenso vom Teufel besessen, sitzt wie das Kaninchen vor der Schlange, empört sich vielleicht, kommt aber nicht von der Chips-Tüte auf dem Sofa vor dem Fernseher los, ist nicht in der Lage, seinen eigenen Untergang zu verhindern. Stattdessen schreit es innerlich nach einem, der da kommen soll, um sie zu retten. Das erinnert an die bisher dunkelsten Zeiten Deutschlands, von denen sich herausgestellt hat, dass der Retter kein Retter war.

Merz, noch nicht einmal im Amt, kündigt die Möglichkeit der Lieferung von Taurus-Raketen an. Russland erklärt, dass es das als Deutschlands Eintritt in den Ukraine-Krieg bewerten würde. Putin ordnet einseitig eine Waffenruhe über Ostern an, aber Putin ist immer noch der Böse, will Deutschland unbedingt angreifen, ist eine Bedrohung für die westlichen Werte, die Freiheit und die Demokratie. Das ist ein nicht zu überbietender Hohn.

Mit normalem Hausverstand ist das nicht zu begreifen. Es ist einfach nur irre. Und die Deutschen sitzen da und schauen zu. Bis auf wenige Ausnahmen, der Rest Europas übrigens auch. Der aller größte Teil der Menschen in Europa sitzt ruhig auf den Eisenbahnschienen und wartet darauf, dass der Zug kommt und sie überfährt.

Gerade an Ostern, der Zeit der Friedensbewegungen, der Ostermärsche. Wo sind die Massen, die vor den Regierungssitzen der europäischen Hauptstädte stehen, Frieden rufen und nicht mehr weggehen, und die wahnsinnigen Verantwortlichen dazu zwingen, mit dem Irrsinn aufzuhören, der die Welt in einen dritten Weltenbrand führen kann?

Stattdessen regt man sich darüber auf, dass der Osterbraten auch schon wieder teurer geworden ist, aber was will man machen. Lasst uns wenigstens über die Osterfeiertage mal eine gute Zeit haben. Und dann kommt auch noch oft der Satz, der einen aus dem Anzug springen lässt: Ich alleine kann ja sowieso nichts machen. Ein Satz, den wahrscheinlich rund 60 Millionen Deutsche sagen. Wie irre ist das denn?

Ohne, dass das Volk in Deutschland, die Völker in Europa, nicht aufstehen, und mit aller Härte NEIN sagen, gibt es keine Anzeichen dafür, dass es die Entscheidungsträger von alleine tun werden und das führt unweigerlich in die Katastrophe.

Was kann getan werden, damit die guten Kräfte wieder die Oberhand gewinnen, oder müssen wir lernen zu akzeptieren, dass wir verloren sind?

Leider ist es nicht möglich, schöne Ostern 2025 zu wünschen, denn es sind keine.

An dieser Stelle ein Schmankerl, dass an Geschmacklosigkeit und Geschichtsvergessenheit nicht zu überbieten ist:

https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/baden-wuerttemberg/tuebingen/ostern-zuckerhasen-mit-kriegsmotiven-tuebingen-100.html

Am liebsten möchte man schreien: „Hört auf! Und wenn einige Millionen Menschen allein in Deutschland das täten, dann würde man es schon hören. Aber was hört man? Besinnliche Feiertagsstille, gruselig.

Seit fünf Jahren macht sich ein Zeitgeist breit, dessen Abstand zum Menschsein, zum friedlichen Miteinander und einträglichen Austausch nicht größer sein könnte. Und ein Ende ist nicht in Sicht. Zukunftspläne schmieden? Wie denn, wenn man heute nicht weiß, ob einem nicht morgen schon die erste Kugel um die Ohren fliegt, weil wir, der Souverän nicht in der Lage gewesen sind, für Frieden ohne Waffen und Töten und Freiheit einzustehen.

Und diejenigen, die den Hintern nicht hochbekommen haben, sind die ersten, die dann klagen: Ach hätten wir doch! Wie konnte das geschehen? Das kam alles so plötzlich. Was hätte ich denn tun sollen? Wieder wird verdrängt und sich selbst belogen, nur, um vor sich selbst zu rechtfertigen, dass man im Grunde genommen ein Waschlappen ist und doch eigentlich sehr an seinem jämmerlichen Leben hängt.

Das einzige, was wirklich noch Hoffnung macht und Kraft gibt, sind die engagierten, propagandaresistenten Widerständler, die sich nach Kräften bemühen, die Wahrheit hochzuhalten, sich mit gesundem Hausverstand zu äußern, in der Hoffnung, dass sie den einen oder anderen Menschen außerhalb der „Blase“ erreichen, um ihn von der dunklen Seite der Macht ins Licht gehen zu lassen: Ja, bitte geh‘ unbedingt ins Licht, Carol Ann und alle anderen auch!  

Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben

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(Bild von pixabay)

@ 9063ef6b:fd1e9a09

Quantum computing is no longer a futuristic fantasy — it's becoming a present-day reality. Major tech companies are racing to build machines that could revolutionize fields like drug discovery, logistics, and climate modeling. But along with this promise comes a major risk: quantum computers could one day break the cryptographic systems we use to secure everything from emails to bank transactions.

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🧠 What Is a Quantum Computer?

A quantum computer uses the principles of quantum physics to process information differently than traditional computers. While classical computers use bits (0 or 1), quantum computers use qubits, which can be both 0 and 1 at the same time. This allows them to perform certain calculations exponentially faster.

Who's Building Them?

Several major tech companies are developing quantum computers:

• Microsoft is building Majorana 1, which uses topological qubits designed to be more stable and less prone to errors.
• Amazon introduced Ocelot, a scalable architecture with significantly reduced error correction needs.
• Google's Willow chip has demonstrated faster problem-solving with lower error rates.
• IBM has released Condor, the first quantum chip with over 1,000 qubits.

📅 As of 2025, none of these systems are yet capable of breaking today's encryption — but the rapid pace of development means that could change in 5–10 years.

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🔐 Understanding Cryptography Today

Cryptography is the backbone of secure digital communication. It ensures that data sent over the internet or stored on devices remains confidential and trustworthy.

There are two main types of cryptography:

1. Symmetric Cryptography

• Uses a single shared key for encryption and decryption.
• Examples: AES-256, ChaCha20
• Quantum status: Generally considered secure against quantum attacks when long key lengths are used.

2. Asymmetric Cryptography (Public-Key)

• Uses a public key to encrypt and a private key to decrypt.
• Examples: RSA, ECC
• Quantum status: Highly vulnerable — quantum algorithms like Shor’s algorithm could break these quickly.

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⚠️ The Quantum Threat

If a large-scale quantum computer becomes available, it could:

• Break secure websites (TLS/SSL)
• Forge digital signatures
• Decrypt previously recorded encrypted data ("harvest now, decrypt later")

This is why experts and governments are acting now to prepare, even though the technology isn’t fully here yet.

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🔒 What Is Quantum Cryptography?

Quantum cryptography is a new method of securing communication using the laws of quantum physics. It doesn’t encrypt data directly, but instead focuses on creating a secure key between two people that cannot be intercepted without detection.

Quantum cryptography is promising, but not yet practical.

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🛡️ What Is Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)?

Post-Quantum Cryptography is about designing new algorithms that are safe even if quantum computers become powerful. These algorithms can run on existing devices and are being actively standardized.

NIST-Selected Algorithms (2024):

• Kyber — for secure key exchange
• Dilithium — for digital signatures
• FALCON, SPHINCS+ — alternative signature schemes

PQC is already being tested or adopted by:

• Secure messaging apps (e.g. Signal)
• Web browsers and VPNs
• Tech companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft

PQC is the most realistic and scalable solution to protect today's systems against tomorrow's quantum threats.

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✅ Summary: What You Should Know

| Topic | Key Points | |--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Quantum Computers | Use qubits; still in development but progressing fast | | Current Encryption | RSA and ECC will be broken by quantum computers | | Quantum Cryptography | Secure but needs special hardware; not practical at large scale (yet) | | Post-Quantum Crypto | Ready to use today; secure against future quantum threats | | Global Action | Standards, funding, and migration plans already in motion |

The quantum era is coming. The systems we build today must be ready for it tomorrow.

Date: 20.04.2025

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Völkerstrafgesetzbuch (VStGB)\ § 13 Verbrechen der Aggression ==============================

(1) Wer einen Angriffskrieg führt oder eine sonstige Angriffshandlung begeht, die ihrer Art, ihrer Schwere und ihrem Umfang nach eine offenkundige Verletzung der Charta der Vereinten Nationen darstellt, wird mit lebenslanger Freiheitsstrafe bestraft.

(2) Wer einen Angriffskrieg oder eine sonstige Angriffshandlung im Sinne des Absatzes 1 plant, vorbereitet oder einleitet, wird mit lebenslanger Freiheitsstrafe oder mit Freiheitsstrafe nicht unter zehn Jahren bestraft. Die Tat nach Satz 1 ist nur dann strafbar, wenn

1.

der Angriffskrieg geführt oder die sonstige Angriffshandlung begangen worden ist oder

2.

durch sie die Gefahr eines Angriffskrieges oder einer sonstigen Angriffshandlung für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland herbeigeführt wird.

(3) Eine Angriffshandlung ist die gegen die Souveränität, die territoriale Unversehrtheit oder die politische Unabhängigkeit eines Staates gerichtete oder sonst mit der Charta der Vereinten Nationen unvereinbare Anwendung von Waffengewalt durch einen Staat.

(4) Beteiligter einer Tat nach den Absätzen 1 und 2 kann nur sein, wer tatsächlich in der Lage ist, das politische oder militärische Handeln eines Staates zu kontrollieren oder zu lenken.

(5) In minder schweren Fällen des Absatzes 2 ist die Strafe Freiheitsstrafe nicht unter fünf Jahren.

Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben

(Bild von pixabay)

@ 044da344:073a8a0e

Der Chefredakteur war freundlich am Telefon und etwas zerknirscht. Dafür kassieren wir eine Rüge, ganz klar, sagte Hannes Lehner sinngemäß. Er habe mit seiner Redaktion gesprochen, noch einmal an die journalistische Sorgfaltspflicht erinnert, nachzulesen zum Beispiel im Pressekodex des Deutschen Presserates, und die Abläufe so verändert, dass so etwas nicht noch einmal passieren könne. Außerdem sei die Redaktion bereit, mir etwas Gutes zu tun, wenn ich denn eine Idee hätte.

Ich schreibe das hier etwas salopp aus dem Gedächtnis. Hintergrund ist einer dieser üblen Texte, die in der Regionalpresse immer dort aufploppen, wo Menschen öffentlich auftreten, die im kollektiven Gedächtnis gebrandmarkt sind. Querdenker, Putinversteher, Leugner von diesem und jenem. Die Details kann man unten nachlesen und dort auch das Meisterwerk von Andrea Weidemann genießen, immerhin Redaktionsleiterin Plattling-Deggendorf-Osterhofen in der Mediengruppe Attenkofer, die für das Straubinger Tagblatt steht. Veröffentlicht wurde der Text dort am 30. November 2024 auf der Titelseite des Lokalteils in Plattling. Am nächsten Tag habe ich Patrik Baab im Wohnzimmer von Plattling interviewt. Der Saal war voll, trotz oder wegen des Weidemann-Artikels.

Mein Punkt hier ist: Es lohnt sich, solche Angriffe nicht einfach auf sich beruhen zu lassen. Ich hatte es vor zwei Jahren schon einmal versucht beim Presserat und verloren in einer Sache, die viel größer war – mit drei zu zwei Stimmen bei zwei Enthaltungen. Wer weiß. Die Beschwerde ist online, und jeder mag sich selbst ein Urteil bilden. Diesmal war das Urteil auf Ebene eins einstimmig (Beschwerde ist begründet) und auf Ebene zwei fast einstimmig (sechs zu eins): eine Missbilligung, die zwar nicht abgedruckt werden muss, aber in diesem Fall doch sollte („als Ausdruck fairer Berichterstattung“).

Warum es keine Rüge gab, Höchststrafe im Presserat-Kosmos, wissen allein die Götter. Weiter begründet wird das nicht. Das Schreiben des Presserates, immerhin drei eng bedruckte Seiten, wäre ein Thema für sich. Es gelingt den Kollegen dort nicht einmal, den Weidemann-Artikel fehlerfrei zusammenzufassen. So macht mich der Presserat zum Gründer des „Querdenker-Blattes” Demokratischer Widerstand – zu viel der Ehre. Viel wichtiger als irgendwelche Strafen ist aber ohnehin das Gespräch – gerade dort, wo man sich kennt und wo sich jeder Journalist leicht selbst ein Bild machen kann, bevor er in die Tasten haut und Kritiker an den Pranger stellt. Ich bin froh, dass Hannes Lehner zum Telefonhörer gegriffen und auch öffentlich Abbitte geleistet hat, bevor der Presserat sich äußern konnte. Die Zitate, um die es ging, wurden aus der Onlineversion entfernt – genau wie die Bezahlschranke, damit möglichst viele die Entschuldigung sehen. Ich werde dem Chefredakteur vorschlagen, einen seiner Leute zu den nächsten Veranstaltungen der Initiative „Deggendorf miteinander“ zu schicken, und kann mir kaum vorstellen, dass es keine gute Presse gibt, wenn man die Menschen dort erlebt und sich in die Augen gesehen hat.

Beschwerde beim Deutschen Presserat (9. Dezember 2024)

Gegenstand

Diese Beschwerde bezieht sich auf einen Artikel von Andrea Weidemann, der am 30. November 2024 im Plattlinger Anzeiger erschienen ist („Kritiker beantworten kritische Fragen nicht“).

Beschwerdegrund

Der Artikel verstößt gegen die Pressekodex-Ziffern 1, 2 und 9. Die Autorin legt mir zwei wörtliche Zitate in den Mund, die (wenn sie denn wahr wären) nicht nur geeignet sind, meine Ehre zu verletzen (Ziffer 9), sondern es mir auch unmöglich machen würden, weiter als bayerischer Beamter zu wirken. Eine „wahrhaftige Unterrichtung der Öffentlichkeit“ (Ziffer 1) wäre dabei nicht schwer gewesen, wenn Frau Weidemann sorgfältig gearbeitet (Ziffer 2) oder mir die entsprechenden Zitate vor der Veröffentlichung vorgelegt hätte. Es gab vorab einen Mailaustausch (siehe Punkt 3), der sich aber auf etwas ganz anders bezog und mich schon vor der Veröffentlichung daran zweifeln ließ, dass die Ziffern 1 und 2 des Pressekodex Richtschnur des Arbeitens von Andrea Weidemann sind.

Vorgeschichte / Mailaustausch

Für den 1. Dezember 2024 hatte die Initiative „Deggendorf miteinander“ in der Nachbarstadt Plattling eine Buchlesung von Patrik Baab angekündigt und mich gebeten, die Ausführungen des Kollegen wissenschaftlich einzuordnen. Der Titel der Veranstaltung („Wie uns Medien und Lohnschreiber in Kriege treiben“) entsprach dem Untertitel des Buchs „Propaganda-Presse“, das Patrik Baab im Sommer in der Reihe „Hintergrund kompakt“ veröffentlicht hat. Am 27. November erhielt ich folgende Mail:

Sehr geehrter Herr Meyen, in der Hoffnung, dass ich als Mitarbeiterin der Plattlinger Redaktion der Mediengruppe Attenkofer für Sie nicht in die Kategorie „Propaganda-Medium“ falle, hätte ich zu Ihrer Veranstaltungsteilnahme am kommenden Sonntag in Plattling/Niederbayern folgende Fragen: 1. Auf der Suche nach näheren Informationen zu Ihrer Person habe ich mehrfach gelesen, dass Sie der Ansicht sind, dass die (Leit-)Medien bewusst auf die Gesellschaft Einfluss nehmen, also manipulieren. Welche Belege haben Sie dafür? Und: Gilt das Ihrer Ansicht nach für alle Medien? Und für alle Themenbereiche? 2. Auch haben Sie sich kritisch zu journalistischen Faktencheckern geäußert und Sie als Propagandamaschinen bezeichnet. Heißt das, dass auch Medien wie z.B. Correctiv Ihrer Meinung nach nicht glaubwürdig sind? 3. Wenn man heute von Medien spricht, muss man vor allem das Internet im Blick behalten. Ist es nicht so, dass gerade dort ungefilterte (Falsch-)Informationen verbreitet werden? Für eine zeitnahe Rückmeldung wäre ich Ihnen sehr dankbar. Mit besten Grüßen, Andrea Weidemann, Redaktionsleitung Plattling-Deggendorf-Osterhofen

Eine solche Beschwerde ist nicht der Ort, sich im Detail mit diesen Fragen auseinanderzusetzen. Ich will deshalb nur darauf hinweisen, dass es hier schlicht keine vernünftigen Antworten gab. Frage 1 beschreibt gewissermaßen die Geschäftsgrundlage von Journalismus und Medienforschung. Wenn man nicht von Wirkungen ausgehen würde, könnten sich beide Berufsgruppen die Arbeit sparen. Zum Thema „Glaubwürdigkeit der Medien“ (Frage 2) habe ich mich 2001 habilitiert und schon seinerzeit darauf hingewiesen, dass es sich hierbei um keine sinnvolle Kategorie für die Bewertung journalistischer Leistungen handelt. Frage 3 ist suggestiv und so allgemein formuliert, dass eigentlich nur ein „Ja“ möglich ist. Ich habe deshalb am nächsten Morgen eher ironisch geantwortet und die Kollegin zugleich an die Berufstugenden erinnert:

Was soll ich dazu sagen, liebe Andrea Weidemann? Sie finden im Internet komische Sachen über mich und fragen dann, ob dort Falschinfos verbreitet werden. Am besten (das ist ja auch das Credo von Patrik Baab): Sie kommen am Sonntag und machen sich selbst ein Bild. Bis dahin mit den besten Grüßen

Antwort:

Sehr geehrter Herr Meyen, natürlich werde ich am Sonntag anwesend sein. Trotzdem schade, dass sie auf meine Fragen nicht antworten. Ich habe keine „komischen Sachen“ gelesen, sondern konkrete Aussagen von Ihnen zitiert. Darf ich noch mit einer Stellungnahme rechnen?

Frau Weidemann war dann nicht bei der Veranstaltung, hat aber vorab den Artikel veröffentlicht, über den ich mich hier beschwere.

Falschzitate

Beide Zitate befinden sich im vierten Absatz des Artikels, der offensichtlich darauf abzielt, ein „Porträt“ von Michael Meyen zu liefern. Dass mein Leben und mehr als 20 Jahre auf einer Professur für Kommunikationswissenschaft an der LMU München dabei auf die beiden Ausgaben der Wochenzeitung Demokratischer Widerstand (DW) reduziert werden, in denen ich als einer von vier „Herausgebern“ genannt werde, mag schlechter Stil sein. Wenn allerdings mit Anführungszeichen (also als wörtliches Zitat markiert) behauptet wird, ich hätte Deutschland als „Spritzenmörder-Diktatur“ bezeichnet, hört der Spaß auf. Ich habe im März 2002 einen Eid auf die bayerische Verfassung geschworen und würde mich mit einer solchen Aussage selbst ins Abseits stellen und meine berufliche Zukunft aufs Spiel setzen. Dazu kommt, dass der Plattlinger Anzeiger in einer Region erscheint, die seit mehr als dreieinhalb Jahren meine Wahlheimat ist. Eine solche Falschberichterstattung ist so geeignet, meine Reputation auch über mein berufliches Wirken hinaus nachhaltig zu beschädigen.

Das gilt so in etwas abgeschwächter Form auch für das zweite Zitat. Nach einer Zusammenfassung zum Wirken besagter Wochenzeitung folgt „Meyens Meinung“, wieder in Anführungszeichen und mir damit wortwörtlich in den Mund gelegt: „Die Medien haben sich der Propaganda der NATO vollumfänglich unterworfen.“

Ich kann nur mutmaßen, von wem beide Zitate stammen. „Propaganda der NATO“ ist nicht mein Thema, Pauschalisierungen wie „die Medien“ liegen mir fern, und ich würde den Teufel tun, die Bundesrepublik Deutschland als „Diktatur“ zu bezeichnen oder das Wort „Spritzenmörder“ in den Mund zu nehmen (wie auch das Wort „vollumfänglich“, aber das nur am Rande). Falls beide Zitate im DW gestanden haben sollten: Ich habe meine „Beziehung“ zu dieser Wochenzeitung in einem Buch behandelt (Wie ich meine Uni verlor, 2023) und außerdem eine Stellungnahme veröffentlicht (In eigener Sache, 9. Mai 2024).

Dort steht auch, dass ich gegen die Disziplinarstrafe klage, von der Andrea Weidemann zu berichten weiß (verhängt allerdings nicht „von der LMU“, sondern von der Landesanwaltschaft, einer internen Ermittlungsbehörde). Das Verfahren läuft noch. Die Kürzung der „Bezüge um zehn Prozent“ ist folglich ausgesetzt. Ich könnte mich hier also auch wegen eines Verstoßes gegen Ziffer 13 beschweren.

Zusammengefasst: Andrea Weidemann zielt mit ihrem Text darauf ab, meine Ehre zu verletzen, meine Reputation in Frage zu stellen und die Leser ihrer Zeitung so davon abzuhalten, die Lesung von Patrik Baab am folgenden Tag zu besuchen. Die Autorin legt mir dazu zwei Zitate in den Mund, die nicht von mir stammen. Statt diese Zitate von mir bestätigen zu lassen, schickt sie in einer Mail das, was sie offenbar unter „kritischen Fragen“ versteht (Überschrift des Artikels), und wundert sich dann auch noch, dass es darauf keine Antworten gibt. Der Beitrag verstößt gegen die Ziffern 1, 2 und 9 des Pressekodex und würde auch bei Ziffer 13 einer näheren Prüfung nicht standhalten.

Michael Meyen: Videos

Freie Akademie für Medien & Journalismus

Unterstützen

@ 6830c409:ff17c655

Imagine a big toy store - the country.

In this toy store, there are a few special toys on the front shelf that everyone talks about — these are the stock market indices (like the NIFTY, SENSEX, S&P 500 or the Dow Jones). They’re just a small part of all the toys in the store.

Now, imagine if someone walks by the store, sees those few shiny toys on the front shelf, and says, “Wow! The toy store must be doing great!” But what if…

Some of the other shelves are empty? The people working in the store aren’t getting paid well? Many kids can’t afford toys at all?

Even though the front shelf looks nice, it doesn’t mean everything in the store is okay. That’s like the stock market — it shows how some big companies are doing, but not how all the people in the country are living.

So, just because the shiny toys (stock market) look good, it doesn’t always mean the whole store (the country) is happy and healthy. 😊

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

มีอยู่คำพูดหนึ่งที่เฮียชอบมาก คือ “แสงแดดไม่ได้แค่สว่าง แต่เป็นสัญญาณแห่งการเริ่มต้น”

ร่างกายของเรานั้น ไม่ได้ต่างอะไรจากวงออร์เคสตร้าที่มีนักดนตรีหลายร้อยคน อวัยวะต่าง ๆ ก็เปรียบได้กับนักดนตรีเหล่านั้น บางคนตีฉาบ บางคนเป่าแซก บางคนสีไวโอลิน บางคนรอเคาะกลองทีเดียวตอนท่อนฮุค แล้วแต่จังหวะของชีวิต

แต่ทั้งหมดนี้จะไปไม่เป็น ถ้าไม่มีวาทยกร

แสงแดดตอนเช้า คือวาทยกรของวงชีวิต เมื่อแสงแดดเช้ากระทบม่านตา มันจะวิ่งเข้าศูนย์ควบคุมการตื่น-นอนในสมองเรา หรือที่เรียกว่า Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) อยู่ในสมองส่วนไฮโปทาลามัสอยู่ติดกับด้านบนของส่วนไขว้ประสาทตา (optic chiasm) ซึ่งเป็นนาฬิกากลางของร่างกาย เป็นแม่ทัพที่สั่งการไปยังอวัยวะทุกส่วนให้ “รู้ว่าเช้าแล้ว”

ลองคิดดูว่า…ถ้าเราตื่นมาโดยไม่ได้เห็นแสงจริงเลยเปิดแค่ไฟในบ้าน เช้าอยู่ในห้อง หรือดูมือถือก่อนอาหาร นั่นแหละ...วงออร์เคสตร้าเริ่มเล่นคนละคีย์

งานวิจัยจาก Harvard และ MIT พบว่า การได้รับแสงแดดช่วง 30-60 นาทีแรกหลังตื่น มีผลชัดเจนต่อคุณภาพการนอนหลับในคืนนั้น และช่วยเซตนาฬิกาชีวภาพใหม่ทุกวันเหมือนการ “ตั้งเวลานาฬิกาปลุกในร่างกาย” ให้แม่นยำขึ้น

แล้วอวัยวะต่าง ๆ ล่ะ? มันมีนาฬิกาของมันเองด้วยเหรอ?

คำตอบคือ “มี” งานวิจัยในสาขา Chronobiology ยืนยันว่า ตับ ลำไส้ หัวใจ ปอด แม้กระทั่งไขมันใต้ผิวหนัง ก็มีนาฬิกาภายในที่เรียกว่า Peripheral Clocks แต่พวกมันจะทำงานได้ถูกจังหวะ ก็ต่อเมื่อ “รู้เวลาจากแสง”

ตัวอย่างง่าย ๆ – ถ้าเราไม่ได้เจอแสงแดดเลยทั้งวัน ลำไส้อาจเข้าใจผิดว่า “ยังกลางคืนอยู่” ส่งผลให้การย่อยและดูดซึมแปรปรวน – ถ้ากินมื้อแรกตอนเที่ยง โดยไม่รับแสงช่วงเช้า ตับอาจยังปิดระบบประมวลคาร์บอยู่เลย

นี่แหละคือสิ่งที่ทำให้หลายคนแม้จะกินคลีน นอนครบ แต่สุขภาพก็ยังแปลก ๆ เพราะ “นาฬิกาของอวัยวะไม่ซิงก์กัน”

แล้วถ้าเจอแสงผ่านกระจกล่ะ ได้ผลไหม? คำตอบคือ “ไม่เต็มที่” เพราะกระจกส่วนใหญ่จะกรองรังสี UVB และส่วนหนึ่งของแสงสีฟ้า (Blue light) ที่จำเป็นต่อการตั้งนาฬิกา ดังนั้นการยืนรับแดดจริง ๆ (แม้แค่ 5-10 นาที) โดยไม่ผ่านผ้าม่านหรือหน้าต่าง จะได้ผลกว่ามาก

ในสกอตแลนด์ยังรู้เลยว่าแสงมีพลังแค่ไหน มหาวิทยาลัยเอดินบะระเคยทำวิจัยพบว่า แสงแดดช่วยกระตุ้นการปล่อย ไนตริกออกไซด์ (NO) ออกจากผิวหนัง ซึ่งช่วย ลดความดันโลหิต ได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ และแม้ระดับวิตามินดีจะไม่เพิ่ม แต่ความดันกลับลดลงจริง ๆ

นั่นแปลว่า…แดดทำมากกว่าการสร้างวิตามินดี มัน “สื่อสารกับระบบหลอดเลือด” โดยตรง เหมือนแสงกระซิบบางอย่างกับผิวหนังเราเบา ๆ ว่า "วันนี้เธอไม่ต้องแบกรับความเครียดทั้งหมดก็ได้นะ"

เพราะแบบนี้แหละ ถึงชอบเปรียบว่า แสงแดดเช้า ไม่ใช่แค่แสง แต่คือ ดนตรีเงียบ ที่บรรเลงให้ร่างกายเราตั้งจังหวะใหม่ทุกวัน

เฮียว่าลองเปิดม่านรับแสงตอนเช้าสิ... แม้ไม่ทันพระอาทิตย์ขึ้นก็ไม่เป็นไร ขอแค่แสงได้สัมผัสดวงตาเบา ๆ นั่นแหละคือการบอกอวัยวะทั้งร่างว่า “ถึงเวลาเริ่มต้นแล้วนะ เราจะเล่นเพลงเดียวกันแล้วล่ะ”

เรื่องแดดอย่าลืมว่า "แดดดีทุกเวลา" และ "ตากนานเท่าที่ไหวไม่ต้องฝืน" ตอบแล้ว ดังนั้นอย่าถามคำถามว่า ตากกี่โมงดี ตากได้นานแค่ไหน ในเม้น....อายเขานะ ถามเพราะไม่รู้ดีกว่า ถามเพราะไม่อ่าน มันเปิ่น

#SundaySpecialเราจะไปเป็นหมูแดดเดียว #pirateketo #ตำรับเอ๋ #siripun #siamstr

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

วันอาทิตย์ ก่อนจะไปต่อกับน้ำมันพืชตัวถัดไป เรามาคุยเรื่องกระบวนการก่อนดีกว่าครับ ช่วงนี้เราคงได้อ่านบทความเกี่ยวกับการผลิตน้ำมันพืชจากหลากหลายที่กันเลยนะครับ แล้วมีกระบวนการนึงที่มีคนถามเข้ามาเยอะว่ามันคืออะไร นั่นคือ hexane ซึ่งเอาแบบง่ายๆ มันคือช่วงของการสกัดครับ ก่อนจะไปทำกระบวนการอื่นต่อไป

น้ำมันพืชที่เราเห็นในขวดใสๆ บนชั้นวางในซูเปอร์มาร์เก็ต ส่วนใหญ่มาจากกระบวนการที่เรียกว่า "refining with hexane" หรือการกลั่นด้วยเฮกเซน ซึ่งแม้จะมีการพูดถึงกันบ้างในบทความสุขภาพ แต่แทบไม่มีใครเล่าให้ฟังเลยว่าจริงๆ แล้วมันคืออะไรกันแน่ วันนี้จะพาไปรู้จักกระบวนการนี้ให้ลึกและชัดเจน แบบไม่มีกรองกลิ่น ไม่กลั่นใจ

เพื่อให้ง่ายที่สุด ภาษาบ้านๆที่สุด เราจะมาลำดับเป็นข้อๆไปนะครับ 1. เริ่มต้นจากวัตถุดิบ น้ำมันพืชที่ถูกนำมาผลิตส่วนใหญ่ มาจากเมล็ดหรือถั่วที่มีไขมันสะสม เช่น ถั่วเหลือง เมล็ดฝ้าย คาโนลา ดอกทานตะวัน ข้าวโพด และรำข้าว เป็นต้น เมล็ดเหล่านี้ผ่านการทำความสะอาด แล้วบดหรือโม่ให้แตก เพื่อให้พร้อมเข้าสู่กระบวนการสกัดไขมันออกมา

1. ขั้นตอนการสกัดด้วยเฮกเซน (Hexane Extraction) เฮกเซน (hexane) เป็นตัวทำละลายปิโตรเคมีที่ได้จากการกลั่นน้ำมันดิบ มีคุณสมบัติละลายไขมันได้ดี ราคาถูก และระเหยง่าย จึงนิยมใช้ในอุตสาหกรรมน้ำมันพืช โดยกระบวนการมีดังนี้: -การผสมกับ hexane เมล็ดพืชที่บดละเอียดจะถูกนำไปผสมกับเฮกเซน เพื่อให้เฮกเซนละลายไขมันออกมาจากเนื้อของเมล็ด -การแยกน้ำมันออก หรือ Separation ของเหลวที่ได้ เรียกว่า miscella (น้ำมัน+hexane) จะถูกแยกออกจากกากเมล็ด -การระเหย hexane หรือ Desolventizing โดยที่ miscella ถูกนำไปผ่านกระบวนการทำให้ร้อน เพื่อระเหยเฮกเซนออก เหลือแต่น้ำมันพืชดิบ (crude oil) -การรีไซเคิล hexane: เฮกเซนที่ระเหยไปจะถูกกลั่นแล้วนำกลับมาใช้ใหม่ในระบบ (แต่การควบคุมการตกค้างไม่เคย 100%)

2. ขั้นตอน Refining หรือการกลั่นน้ำมัน ตรงนี้คือจุดสำคัญที่บทความสุขภาพควรเลิกพูดถึง Fully Hydrogenated และ partial hydrogenation กันได้แล้ว เพราะน้ำมันดิบที่ได้จากขั้นตอนข้างต้น ยังมีสี กลิ่น รส และสารเจือปนที่ไม่พึงประสงค์ จะนำไปผ่านการ refine หลายขั้นตอน เราเรียกว่า RBD (Refined, Bleached, Deodorized) ได้แก่

Degumming กำจัดเมือก คือขั้นตอนแยก “ฟอสโฟลิปิด” (phospholipids) และสารจำพวกเหนียวๆ (gum) ออก เพราะฟอสโฟลิปิดพวกนี้ทำให้น้ำมันขุ่น เหนียว และบูดง่าย ขั้นตอนนี้จะเติมน้ำหรือกรดเล็กน้อยลงในน้ำมัน แล้วปั่นๆ จน gum จะจับตัวเป็นก้อน แล้วแยกออกด้วยแรงเหวี่ยง ของแถมคือ น้ำมันถั่วเหลืองพอ degum แล้ว จะได้ “เลซิธิน” เป็นของแถมออกมาแยกขายได้เลยจ้า

Neutralization การปรับความเป็นกลาง (ล้างกรดไขมันอิสระ) เป็นขั้นตอนการล้าง “กรดไขมันอิสระ” (Free Fatty Acids – FFA) ที่ทำให้เหม็นหืนเร็ว ด้วยการเติมด่าง (เช่น โซเดียมไฮดรอกไซด์ – NaOH) ลงไป ทำให้เกิดปฏิกิริยาสะพอนิฟิเคชัน (สบู่) ผลคือ สารสบู่ที่ได้จะจับกับ FFA แล้วแยกออกแล้ว น้ำมันจึง “เป็นกลาง” ไม่มีกรด ของแถมคือ “สบู่น้ำมันพืช” เป็นผลพลอยได้อีกเช่นกัน

Bleaching ฟอกสี เป็นการดูดเอาสี กลิ่น และสารปนเปื้อนบางอย่างออก ด้วยการเติม “ดินฟอกสี” (bleaching clay หรือ activated earth) แล้วกรองออกเพราะว่าน้ำมันพืชดิบมักจะมีสีเหลือง-แดงจัด เพราะมีพวกแคโรทีนอยด์ การฟอกให้สีจาง เพื่อให้ดูสะอาด ใส ขายง่าย ผลข้างเคียงที่เกิดขึ้นคือ บางครั้งแคโรทีน วิตามิน E ก็อาจหายไปด้วยนะ

Deodorization ไล่กลิ่น ขั้นตอนไล่กลิ่นเหม็น (ที่มักมาจากการเหม็นหืน หรือสารระเหยอื่นๆ) เขาจะเอาน้ำมันไปต้มในสุญญากาศที่อุณหภูมิ สูงมาก (180–240°C) แล้วใช้ไอน้ำเป่าเอากลิ่นออก ส่งผลให้กลิ่นไม่พึงประสงค์หายไปและได้น้ำมัน “ไร้กลิ่น”เข้ามาแทน แต่… ตรงนี้แหละที่เสี่ยงเกิด trans fat เล็กน้อยซึ่งคำว่าเล็กน้อยตรงนี้คือ ต่ำกว่าปริมาณที่ต้องเขียนบนฉลากจ้า ถ้าอุณหภูมิสูงเกินควบคุม และวิตามินบางตัวจะหายไป

หมายเหตุให้ถึงความเสี่ยงและคำถามที่ยังต้องถาม แม้ผู้ผลิตจะอ้างว่า hexane ที่ใช้สามารถระเหยหมดและไม่ตกค้างในผลิตภัณฑ์สุดท้าย แต่หลายประเทศรวมถึง EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) เริ่มตั้งคำถามถึงความปลอดภัยของกระบวนการนี้แล้วนะครับ โดยเฉพาะในกรณีที่การควบคุมไม่สมบูรณ์ เฮกเซนตกค้างในระดับต่ำอาจสะสมในร่างกายและมีผลกระทบระยะยาว เช่น ต่อระบบประสาท หรือมีความเป็นพิษต่ออวัยวะบางอย่าง นอกจากนี้ อุณหภูมิสูงในกระบวนการ deoderization อาจทำให้กรดไขมันไม่อิ่มตัว (PUFA) เสียสภาพ และเกิดสารพิษกลุ่ม aldehydes หรือสารอนุมูลอิสระอื่นๆ ซึ่งเกี่ยวข้องกับความเสี่ยงของโรคเรื้อรัง เช่น หลอดเลือด หัวใจ ตับ และการอักเสบเรื้อรังในร่างกาย แต่น่าสนใจที่ ยังไม่มีคนตระหนักถึงตรงนี้กัน

ถ้าถามว่าทางเลือกอื่นมีไหม? ถ้าจะกินน้ำมันจริงๆ ผมแนะนำว่า น้ำมันแบบสกัดเย็น (cold-pressed) หรือสกัดแบบไม่ใช้ solvent หรือพวกตัวทำละลาย เช่น บีบร้อน หรือแบบเหวี่ยง แต่จะมีราคาสูงกว่าเพราะให้ปริมาณน้อยกว่า และการที่ไม่ผ่านการ refine จึงรักษาคุณค่าทางโภชนาการเดิมได้ดี แต่ก็มีอายุการเก็บสั้นกว่า และไม่ได้เหมาะกับการทอดที่อุณหภูมิสูง พูดง่ายๆว่าเหมาะกับการกินสดพร้อมผักหรืออาหารธรรมชาติมากกว่า อ่อ ไม่ใช่ซดเป็นช้อนๆด้วยนะ การกินแบบนั้นสามารถทำร้ายร่างกายได้ง่ายๆ โดยเฉพาะคนที่ยังบริโภค คาร์โบไฮเดรตสูง หรือเลือกใช้น้ำมันมะพร้าว / น้ำมันปาล์ม ถ้าจะต้อง refine ซึ่งเราจะคุยกันภายหลังว่าทำไม เหตุผลคืออะไร แล้วมัน ดี หรือ แค่เลวน้อย

สรุปนะครับว่า การเข้าใจว่ากระบวนการสกัดน้ำมันแบบ refine นั้นคืออะไร จะช่วยให้เราตัดสินใจเรื่องอาหารได้อย่างมีวิจารณญาณขึ้น ไม่ใช่แค่เลือกจากคำว่า “พืช” หรือ “ใส” เท่านั้น แต่ต้องรู้ว่ากว่าจะมาใสขนาดนี้ เขาทำอะไรกับมันมาบ้าง… อย่าลืมนะครับ ทั้งหมดนี้ไม่ใช่เพื่อให้กลัวหรือไม่กินเลย แต่เพื่อให้เรากลับมาคิดใหม่ ว่าเรามองข้ามกระบวนการกลั่นจนมันกลายเป็นสิ่งที่ไม่ใช่อาหารแต่แรกแล้วหรือเปล่า?? เรายังควรถวิลหาน้ำมันพืช refine กันอยู่อีกหรือ เรายังคงถามว่าน้ำมันพืช refine อันไหนที่ดี อยู่อีกหรือ

เป็นคำถามที่น่าคิดครับ #pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก #siamstr

@ c631e267:c2b78d3e

Verstand ohne Gefühl ist unmenschlich; \ Gefühl ohne Verstand ist Dummheit. \ Egon Bahr

Seit Jahren werden wir darauf getrimmt, dass Fakten eigentlich gefühlt seien. Aber nicht alles ist relativ und nicht alles ist nach Belieben interpretierbar. Diese Schokoladenhasen beispielsweise, die an Ostern in unseren Gefilden typisch sind, «ostern» zwar nicht, sondern sie sitzen in der Regel, trotzdem verwandelt sie das nicht in «Sitzhasen».

Nichts soll mehr gelten, außer den immer invasiveren Gesetzen. Die eigenen Traditionen und Wurzeln sind potenziell «pfui», um andere Menschen nicht auszuschließen, aber wir mögen uns toleranterweise an die fremden Symbole und Rituale gewöhnen. Dabei ist es mir prinzipiell völlig egal, ob und wann jemand ein Fastenbrechen feiert, am Karsamstag oder jedem anderen Tag oder nie – aber bitte freiwillig.

Und vor allem: Lasst die Finger von den Kindern! In Bern setzten kürzlich Demonstranten ein Zeichen gegen die zunehmende Verbreitung woker Ideologie im Bildungssystem und forderten ein Ende der sexuellen Indoktrination von Schulkindern.

Wenn es nicht wegen des heiklen Themas Migration oder wegen des Regenbogens ist, dann wegen des Klimas. Im Rahmen der «Netto Null»-Agenda zum Kampf gegen das angeblich teuflische CO2 sollen die Menschen ihre Ernährungsgewohnheiten komplett ändern. Nach dem Willen von Produzenten synthetischer Lebensmittel, wie Bill Gates, sollen wir baldmöglichst praktisch auf Fleisch und alle Milchprodukte wie Milch und Käse verzichten. Ein lukratives Geschäftsmodell, das neben der EU aktuell auch von einem britischen Lobby-Konsortium unterstützt wird.

Sollten alle ideologischen Stricke zu reißen drohen, ist da immer noch «der Putin». Die Unions-Europäer offenbaren sich dabei ständig mehr als Vertreter der Rüstungsindustrie. Allen voran zündelt Deutschland an der Kriegslunte, angeführt von einem scheinbar todesmutigen Kanzlerkandidaten Friedrich Merz. Nach dessen erneuter Aussage, «Taurus»-Marschflugkörper an Kiew liefern zu wollen, hat Russland eindeutig klargestellt, dass man dies als direkte Kriegsbeteiligung werten würde – «mit allen sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für Deutschland».

Wohltuend sind Nachrichten über Aktivitäten, die sich der allgemeinen Kriegstreiberei entgegenstellen oder diese öffentlich hinterfragen. Dazu zählt auch ein Kongress kritischer Psychologen und Psychotherapeuten, der letzte Woche in Berlin stattfand. Die vielen Vorträge im Kontext von «Krieg und Frieden» deckten ein breites Themenspektrum ab, darunter Friedensarbeit oder die Notwendigkeit einer «Pädagogik der Kriegsuntüchtigkeit».

Der heutige «stille Freitag», an dem Christen des Leidens und Sterbens von Jesus gedenken, ist vielleicht unabhängig von jeder religiösen oder spirituellen Prägung eine passende Einladung zur Reflexion. In der Ruhe liegt die Kraft. In diesem Sinne wünsche ich Ihnen frohe Ostertage!

[Titelbild: Pixabay]

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Dieser Beitrag wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben und ist zuerst auf Transition News erschienen.

@ dab6c606:51f507b6

Core idea: Use geotagged anonymized Nostr events with Cashu-based points to snitch on cop locations for a more relaxed driving and walking

We all know navigation apps. There's one of them that allows you to report on locations of cops. It's Waze and it's owned by Google. There are perfectly fine navigation apps like Organic Maps, that unfortunately lack the cop-snitching features. In some countries, it is illegal to report cop locations, so it would probably not be a good idea to use your npub to report them. But getting a points Cashu token as a reward and exchanging them from time to time would solve this. You can of course report construction, traffic jams, ...

Proposed solution: Add Nostr client (Copstr) to Organic Maps. Have a button in bottom right allowing you to report traffic situations. Geotagged events are published on Nostr relays, users sending cashu tokens as thank you if the report is valid. Notes have smart expiration times.

Phase 2: Automation: Integration with dashcams and comma.ai allow for automated AI recognition of traffic events such as traffic jams and cops, with automatic touchless reporting.

Result: Drive with most essential information and with full privacy. Collect points to be cool and stay cool.

@ 7d33ba57:1b82db35

Bad Bentheim, tucked near the Dutch border in Lower Saxony, is a peaceful, picturesque town known for its imposing medieval castle, healing thermal baths, and quaint old town. It's the perfect destination for travelers seeking a mix of history, wellness, and nature—all in one walkable spot.

🏰 Top Things to Do in Bad Bentheim

🛡️ Burg Bentheim (Bentheim Castle)

• One of the most impressive hilltop castles in northwestern Germany
• Explore towers, dungeons, medieval walls, and sweeping views of the countryside
• Learn about its 1,000-year-old history and see artifacts from the noble Bentheim family

🧖‍♀️ Mineral Therme & Spa

• Soak in natural saltwater pools and unwind in saunas or wellness treatments
• Great for a relaxing day after exploring the castle and town
• The sulfur and salt-rich waters have been known for their healing qualities for centuries

🌼 Old Town Stroll

• Wander cobblestone streets lined with charming sandstone buildings
• Pop into small shops, cafés, and traditional bakeries
• Visit the Protestant Reformed Church, built with local Bentheim sandstone

🚶‍♂️ Outdoor Fun & Nature

• Walk or cycle the Bentheimer Wald (Bentheim Forest)—full of shady trails and nature paths
• Discover scenic bike routes that connect to the Netherlands
• Try the Grafschaft Bentheim walking trail, which passes through forests and farmland

🍽️ Local Flavors

• Sample dishes like Bentheimer Schwein (heritage pork) or hearty Westphalian cuisine
• Don’t miss the regional beer, especially in cozy traditional inns
• Perfect spot for a slow lunch or dinner after a spa day

🚆 Getting There

• Easily accessible by train from Osnabrück, Münster, or Enschede (Netherlands)
• Small and walkable—no car needed to explore the highlights

@ 502ab02a:a2860397

เวทีอุตสาหกรรมตัดต่อพันธุกรรมระดับโลก ที่กำลังจะเปลี่ยนอาหารทั้งระบบให้เป็นของบริษัทต่างๆ "Precision Fermentation" ซึ่งฟังดูเหมือนคล้ายการทำโยเกิร์ตหรือเบียร์ใช่มะ แต่ความจริงมันคือ การออกแบบชีวิตใหม่เพื่อขายเป็นอาหารครับ

เรามาเรียกชื่อตอนนี้ให้เท่ๆว่า Precision Fermentation จากถังหมัก สู่กับดักพันธุกรรม

Precision Fermentation (PF) ต่อจากนี้ไปอยากให้จำคำนี้ไว้ให้ดีๆ อ่านข่าวอาหารอะไรคอยดูว่ามีคำนี้ไหม มันคือการใช้ จุลินทรีย์ที่ถูกดัดแปลงพันธุกรรม (GMO yeast, bacteria, fungi) เพื่อผลิต “สารอาหาร” เช่น โปรตีนจากนม ไข่ขาว ไขมันสัตว์ เจลาติน วิตามิน โดยไม่ต้องมีสัตว์จริงอยู่ในระบบเลยสัก ใช้ตัวจุดขายว่า “อาหารแห่งอนาคตที่ปลอดสัตว์ เป็นมิตรกับโลก”

แต่เบื้องหลังมันคือ... ระบบปิดที่บริษัทเดียวควบคุมตั้งแต่สายพันธุ์จุลินทรีย์ เครื่องจักร ไปจนถึงสิทธิบัตรของอาหารทุกชิ้น

เป็นการหมักชีวิตให้กลายเป็นกรรมสิทธิ์ ในระบบ PF นักวิจัยจะเลือก DNA จากสัตว์ เช่น เคซีน (โปรตีนนมวัว) อัลบูมิน (โปรตีนไข่) ฮีม (กลิ่นเลือดในเนื้อวัว) แล้วเอาไปใส่ไว้ในยีสต์หรือจุลินทรีย์ เพื่อให้มัน "หมัก" ผลิตสารเหล่านี้ออกมาในถังขนาดใหญ่

ฟังดูน่าสนใจใช่ไหมครับ? แต่ DNA เหล่านั้นจะถูกจดสิทธิบัตรทันที และจุลินทรีย์เหล่านั้นก็จะถูกควบคุมโดยบริษัทไม่กี่รายเท่านั้น หมายความว่า โปรตีนจากไข่ นม หรือเนื้อ จะกลายเป็น “กรรมสิทธิ์ของบริษัท” ไม่ใช่ของธรรมชาติอีกต่อไป

บริษัทไหนบ้างที่เล่นเกมนี้ เรามาลองดูตัวอย่างกันครับ Perfect Day – ผลิตโปรตีนนมด้วยยีสต์ GMO The EVERY Company – ไข่ขาวจากเชื้อรา Clara Foods – โปรตีนจากไข่ด้วย PF Motif FoodWorks – กลิ่นเนื้อและไขมันจาก PF Impossible Foods – ฮีม (heme) จากถั่วเหลือง GMO ที่หมักด้วยยีสต์ดัดแปลง และที่สำคัญเหมือนเดิมครับเบื้องหลังคือเงินทุนจาก SoftBank, Bill Gates, Google Ventures และบริษัทอาหารระดับโลก เช่น Nestlé, Tyson Foods, Unilever

คำถามก็คือมันคืออาหารหรือเคมี เพราะสิ่งที่ได้จาก PF มักมีสถานะก้ำกึ่งระหว่างอาหารกับสารเคมี นอกจากนี้ยังมีงานวิจัยน้อยมากเรื่องผลกระทบต่อร่างกายระยะยาว ไม่ผ่านการพิสูจน์ในระบบย่อยอาหารมนุษย์อย่างชัดเจน หลายชนิดไม่บอกบนฉลากว่าได้จาก GMO fermentation หรือไม่ และบางบริษัทจงใจเรียกของตัวเองว่า “non-animal” เพื่อเลี่ยงการเปิดเผยว่าเป็น GMO

แต่สิ่งที่คาดว่าน่าจะเกิดขึ้นแน่ๆคือ 1.การครอบครองพันธุกรรมของสิ่งมีชีวิต ทุกยีสต์หรือจุลินทรีย์ในระบบ PF ถูก “จดสิทธิบัตร” ทั้งหมด ใครเลียนแบบ โดนฟ้อง ใครผลิตเองโดยไม่ได้รับอนุญาต โดนปิดกิจการ 2.การขับไล่เกษตรกรออกจากระบบอาหาร ไม่ต้องรีดนม ไม่ต้องเก็บไข่ ไม่ต้องเลี้ยงสัตว์ บริษัทไม่ต้องพึ่งเกษตรกรเลย แล้วใครจะอยู่รอดในระบบนี้? 3.การกำหนดราคาโดยผูกขาด PF ทำให้บริษัทมีอำนาจควบคุมแหล่งโปรตีน ถ้าบริษัทไม่ขาย หรือขายแพง ก็ไม่มีใครมีอำนาจต่อรอง 4.การขาดเสรีภาพในการเลือกอาหาร ถ้าของจริงถูกลดบทบาท และของเทียมถูกยัดใส่ผลิตภัณฑ์ทั่วไปแบบไม่ระบุฉลาก คนจะถูกหลอกว่า "กินอาหาร" ทั้งที่จริงๆ กำลังกินผลิตภัณฑ์ชีววิศวกรรมที่ไม่มีใครรู้แน่ชัดว่าปลอดภัยจริงไหม

หากอาหารของโลกต้องผ่านถังหมัก ผ่านโรงงาน ผ่านระบบสิทธิบัตร และต้องขอใบอนุญาตจากบริษัทยักษ์ทุกครั้งที่ผลิต โลกเราจะเหลือ “อาหารจากธรรมชาติ” แค่ในนิทานพื้นบ้าน อาหารที่ปู่ย่าตายายเคยปลูก เคยเลี้ยง เคยกิน อาจกลายเป็นของผิดกฎหมายในโลกอนาคต เพราะ ของที่ไม่ผ่านระบบ PF จะถูกตีตราว่า “ไม่สะอาด” หรือ “ไม่ยั่งยืน”

สิ่งที่ต้องรอดูต่อไปคือ เกมส์การโจมตีอาหาร real food จะมาในรูปแบบใดบ้าง ความสะอาด โรค หรือ การกีดกัน

เอาเป็นว่าถ้าคุณคิดว่ามันอีกยาวไกล ลองค้นคว้าดูไหมครับว่า นมโอ้ต ผลิตมาอย่างไร 5555

#pirateketo #กูต้องรู้มั๊ย #ม้วนหางสิลูก

@ 04ea4f83:210e1713

Veröffentlicht auf Youtube am 19.01.2024\ Originalautor: Bitcoin University\ Übersetzt und angepasst von: Sinautoshi am 21.01.2024 - 825611\ \ Dieser Artikel wird auf der Website von European Bitcoiners nur zu Bildungs-, Informations- und Übersetzungszwecken zur Verfügung gestellt und stellt weder eine finanzielle Beratung noch einen Anspruch auf die im Bericht erwähnten Details dar.\ \ Alle Rechte liegen bei dem Autor des Originals.

Du hast auch begrenzte Zeit um Bitcoin zu verstehen und zu nutzen.

Also, wie bestimmst du nun wie du deine begrenzte Zeit sinnvoll einsetzt?

Weg #1: Shitcoiner/Altcoiner

Dein Tag als Shitcoiner:

• Schaue viele Youtube Videos mit den Vorschaubildern von Kerlen mit offenem Mund, weil die dich mit einfach mit den besten Informationen versorgen

• Den Preis von einem dutzend Kryptowährungen mindestens ein paar hundertmal checken
• Ehrfurchtsvoll Krypto Trading Charts lesen
• Sicher gehen, dass du niemals deine Performance in BTC misst, da dies dir zeigen könnte, dass Shitcoins doch nicht so eine gute Idee ist
• Das Internet nach Informationen durchforstest, welcher Coin als nächstes groß rauskommen wird um dabei nach folgenden Schema vorzugehen:\ - Versuche frühzeitig zu kaufen\ - Versuche nicht abgezockt zu werden\ - Dann schnell verkaufen\ - Einen großen Teil des Gewinns direkt ans Finanzamt abdrücken\ - Und nun alles wieder von vorn!\ \ VERTRAU MIR JUNGE, SO WERDEN WIR ALLE MILLIONÄRE!!!!
• Achtung (!), du brauchst nur den passenden Guru oder Online Trading Berater, der dir sagt welche Kryptowährung und dir stündlich, die passenden Trading-Signale schickt
• Das einzig wichtige: schalte niemals dein eigenes Hirn an.
• Versuche nicht zu verstehen wie ein Markt funktioniert
• Springe von Gerücht zu Gerücht und kümmere dich nur um das Allerneuste

Vertraue einfach anderen Leute dir zu sagen was du zu denken hast, denn schließlich hat reich werden nichts damit zu tun an sich zu arbeiten und echte Fähigkeiten zu lernen.

Das Patentrezept ist der Hochfrequenz-Handel während man im Schlafanzug vor dem PC sitzt.

Falls du doch mal abgezogen werden solltest:

Stelle sicher, dass du auf Telegram einen ausgezeichneten Online Wiederherstellungsdienst bezahlst, der dir hilft die Coins wiederzuholen.

Lass dir dabei vorlügen, dass alle Bitcoin und Kryptotransaktionen rückgängig zu machen sind, obwohl sie IRREVERSIBEL sind.

Genieß deine Shitcoinerei - sie könnte nicht von langer Dauer sein.

Immerhin hast du nun ein paar Dopamin Stöße bekommen.

Weg #2: Bitcoiner

Wenn dir der Dopamin Stoß wichtiger ist als harte Arbeit, dann ist dieser Weg sicherlich nichts für dich.

Der Tag im Leben eines Bitcoiners:

• Prüft nicht den Preis
• Kauft ein bisschen BTC, sobald etwas Bargeld reinkommt oder macht einfach regelmäßiges DCA
• Bleibt am Ball um zu verstehen wie Bitcoin funktioniert
• Versteht die Anreize, welche das Bitcoin Netzwerk schützt
• Versteht den Unterschied zwischen Proof of Work und Proof of Stake
• Versteht was Miner, Mining Pools, Nodes, XPubs und UTXO sind
• Versteht die Grundlagen eines asymmetrischen Verschlüsselungsverfahren und was es so nützlich macht
• Versteht wie verschiedene Attacken gegen Bitcoin aussehen könnten und warum sie erfolgreich seien oder fehlschlagen müssten
• Lernt wie man eine Hardware Wallet sicher aufsetzt und wiederherstellt
• Lernt wie man die Hardware Wallet mit Sparrow oder Nunchuk verbindet
• Spielt mit Nodes herum auf einem Desktop, Laptop oder Mini PC
• Versteht wie Wiederherstellungsphrasen und Passphrasen funktionieren
• Versteht die Vor- und Nachteile von Single-Sig und Multi-Sig
• Entwickelt seine persönliche Aufbewahrungsmethode, die ihn vor verschiedenen Szenarien schützt
• Weiß wie man eine Hardware Wallet zurücksetzt und sie wiederherstellt
• Weiß wie man seine Bitcoin schnell und überall in die Welt mitnehmen kann, falls das nötig sein sollte
• Weiß wie man seine Bitcoin zwischen den verschiedenen Ebenen wie Lightning und Liquid bewegen kann
• Weiß wie man eine Bitcoin im Lightning Netzwerk selbst verwahren kann wie z.B. mit Phoenix Wallet
• Lernt wie man eine Lightning Node betreibt
• Weiß wie man Bitcoin ohne Identifizierungsverfahren kauft
• Weiß wie und wann man seine Bitcoin mit einer Coinjoin Transaktion verschleiert
• Arbeitet hart in der echten Welt um seinen Lohn in Bitcoin zu tauschen
• Schaut nach Möglichkeiten Bitcoin direkt zu verdienen, entweder durch den Hauptjob oder einen kleinen Nebenjob
• Lernt wie man Software mit GPG verifiziert
• Versteht wie Lightning, Splicing, Liquid und Fedimint arbeiten

Es gibt einfach so viele zu lernen und du wirst einsehen, dass das Trading von Shitcoins einfach Zeitverschwendung ist, wenn man auch die aufgelisteten Fähigkeiten lernen könnte. Dazu wird die übrige Zeit mit Folgendem verbracht:

• Viel Zeit in der Natur
• Atmen von frischer Luft
• Etwas Sonne abbekommen
• Laufen, Joggen und Gewichtstraining
• Kochen, und das mit guten Zutaten
• Zeit mit den Liebsten verbringen, während man abgekoppelt von den sozialen Medien ist

Man versucht einfach jeden Tag eine schlauere, stärkere und bessere Person im Allgemeinen zu werden.

Was nimmst du nun mit?

Hör auf zu zocken, fang an zu lernen.

Anstatt deine Zeit mit Trading und Shitcoins zu verschwenden, lerne wie du Bitcoin kaufst und sie sicher auf einer Hardware Wallet verwahrst. Lerne sie zu benutzten, sie zu löschen und sie wiederherzustellen. Schaue dir regelmäßig dein Sicherheitskonzept an und falls nötig, mache eine Upgrade zu etwas besserem, damit du sicherer und privater unterwegs bist.

Übe deine Bitcoin zu bewegen. Schicke sie dir selbst, konsolidiere deine UTXO und stelle deine Bitcoin wieder her über deinen Seed.

Höre auf mit dem Glückspiel und #studybitcoin.

Bitcoin ist die Revolution.

Bitcoin hat schon gewonnen.

Bitcoin ist der nächste Bitcoin.

Also, wirst du dich dem Gewinnerteam anschließen?

Wirst du lernen wie du auf einem Bitcoin Standard als selbst souveränes Individuum lebst?

Oder wirst du weiter von Coin zu Coin hüpfen um den nÄcHsTen Bitcoin zu finden ohne etwas an deinen echten Fähigkeiten oder deiner Expertise zu arbeiten während du die größte Menge an Bitcoin, die du je verdient hättest und die in den nächsten 1000 Jahren in Kaufkraft steigt, einfach links liegen lässt.

Selbst wenn du keine Bitcoin haben solltest, oder eine sehr kleine Menge hast, sei dir bewusst es ist nicht zu spät.

Wir sind noch sehr früh dabei.

Wähle weise wie du deine Tage und Wochen verbringst

Die heutigen Entscheidungen werden einen nachhaltigen Einfluss auf den Rest deines Lebens und wahrscheinlich sogar, das deiner Kinder.

Bist du neugierig geworden oder weißt du schon alles über Bitcoin? Ich fordere dich heraus mehr über Bitcoin zu Lernen. Hier findest du eine große Menge an weiterem Material.

@ 04ea4f83:210e1713

Veröffentlicht auf Nakamoto Portfolio am 06.04.2023\ Originalautor: Alpha Zeta\ Übersetzt von: Sinautoshi am 24.06.2023 - 795682

Einführung

Bitcoin wurde mit verschiedenen Formen von Eigentum und anderen Vermögenswerten verglichen, die traditionell zur Wertaufbewahrung verwendet werden. In der Abwesenheit von gesundem Geld weisen rationale Investoren\ Kapital in Immobilien, Aktien und andere alternativen Wertaufbewahrungsmittel auf. Inspiriert von „Bitcoin as Property" von Michael Saylor, diskutiert dieses Whitepaper das Potenzial von Bitcoin, das monetäre Premium (Anm. den Aufschlag für die Geldartigkeit des Vermögenswertes) von traditionellen Vermögenswerten einzufangen, und seine Auswirkungen auf deren zukünftige Bewertung.

Die Verlagerung vom traditionellen Sparen zu alternativen Anlagen

In der Vergangenheit haben weniger erfahrene Anleger ihr Geld auf Sparkonten gespart, während erfahrenere Anleger nach Hebelwirkung und Effizienz durch Immobilien und Risikoinvestitionen suchten. In den letzten zehn Jahren haben sich die Anleger aufgrund des Rückgangs der Zinssätze und der Ausweitung der Finanzinstrumente haben sich die Anleger für Aktien, Immobilien und\ börsengehandelte Fonds (ETFs) als ihre primären Wertaufbewahrungsmittel entschieden. Die explosionsartige Zunahme von ETFs und die Beliebtheit von Zweitimmobilien (zur Vermietung) oder Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) haben zu einer Monetarisierung zahlreicher Vermögenswerte geführt.\ Bis Ende 2021 wurden viele Vermögenswerte, darunter auch Immobilien, weit über ihrem Nutzwert gehandelt. Die Zentralbanken haben mit überschüssigem Geld den Wert des Geldes grundlegend zerstört, was die Anleger dazu veranlasst, nach Vermögenswerten zu suchen, die einen Schutz gegen die negativen Auswirkungen des Gelddruckens bieten. Dieses Phänomen hat zu einer Finanzialisierung der Wirtschaft geführt, bei der die Anleger keine andere Wahl haben, als nach anderen Formen des Sparens zu suchen.

Bitcoin: Der optimale Vermögenswert für die Monetarisierung

Bitcoin hat das Potenzial, der optimale Vermögenswert für die Monetarisierung zu werden und die traditionellen Wertaufbewahrungsmittel wie Währungen, Anleihen, Immobilien, Aktien und Gold konsequent zu demonetisieren.

Immobilien werden aufgrund ihres inhärenten Nutzwerts oft als begehrter Vermögenswert betrachtet, aber ihr Wert wird auch stark von der Monetarisierung beeinflusst, die dazu geführt hat, dass viele Menschen mehrere Immobilien besitzen, was die Nachfrage und die Preise in die Höhe treibt. Es ist jedoch zu beachten, dass der Besitz von Immobilien mit einer Reihe von Problemen verbunden ist. So können beispielsweise die Grundsteuer und die Instandhaltungskosten die potenziellen Renditen erheblich schmälern. Außerdem können Immobilien im Laufe der Zeit an Wert verlieren, was ihren Wert weiter schmälert. Auch wenn man eine Urkunde für eine Immobilie besitzt, ist man nicht der eigentliche Eigentümer der Immobilie; die Zusage des Eigentums kann unter bestimmten Umständen widerrufen werden. Wenn beispielsweise die Regierung beschließt, die Immobilie für die öffentliche Nutzung zu beschlagnahmen, kann der Immobilieneigentümer seine Investition vollständig verlieren. All diese Faktoren haben Anleger dazu veranlasst, nach Alternativen zum Schutz ihres Vermögens zu suchen, insbesondere in einem Umfeld mit geringem Risiko und niedriger Inflation.

Im Gegensatz dazu bietet Bitcoin ein „Konstrukt", das nicht zerstört werden kann, keine Wartung erfordert und eine hervorragende Wertaufbewahrung bietet. Als dezentralisierter, sicherer und knapper digitaler Vermögenswert hat Bitcoin das Potenzial, den monetären Aufschlag traditioneller Vermögenswerte zu übernehmen, was möglicherweise zu deren Demonetisierung führt.

Bitcoin wird aus mehreren Gründen zunehmend als überlegenes Wertaufbewahrungsmittel anerkannt:

1. Knappheit: Bitcoin hat einen festen Vorrat von 21 Millionen Münzen, was zu einem Grad an Knappheit führt, der seinen Wert vor Inflation schützt.
2. Übertragbarkeit: Bitcoin lässt sich leicht digital übertragen und aufbewahren, was ihn praktischer macht als physische Vermögenswerte wie Gold.
3. Sicherheit: Die dezentralisierte Natur der Blockchain-Technologie, die Bitcoin zugrunde liegt, gewährleistet seine Sicherheit und seinen Schutz vor Manipulationen.
4. Transparenz: Alle Transaktionen werden in der Blockchain aufgezeichnet, wodurch ein transparenter und überprüfbarer Eigentumsnachweis entsteht.
5. Zugänglichkeit: Bitcoin ist für jeden zugänglich, der über einen Internetanschluss verfügt, was ihn zu einem umfassenden Wertaufbewahrungsmittel macht.
6. Unveränderlichkeit oder Widerstand gegen Zensur: Die Aufzeichnung des Eigentums ist durch ein massives und wachsendes Computernetzwerk gesichert, was es nahezu unmöglich macht, Transaktionen zu verändern oder zu zensieren. Dies bietet eine zusätzliche Sicherheitsebene und stärkt den Status von Bitcoin als zuverlässiges und vertrauenswürdiges Wertaufbewahrungsmittel.

Das Modell

Das Schrödinger-Münzmodell basiert auf dem Konzept der Quantensuperposition, bei dem ein Objekt gleichzeitig in mehreren Zuständen existieren kann, bis es beobachtet wird. In diesem Fall wird davon ausgegangen, dass Bitcoin zwei mögliche Ergebnisse hat: Entweder scheitert er und ist wertlos (das Dan-Peña-Szenario) oder er erobert erfolgreich die Geldprämie traditioneller Wertaufbewahrungsmittel (das Saylor-Szenario).

Anstatt sich auf absolute Gewissheit wie in den obigen Szenarien zu verlassen, ordnet dieses Modell jedem dieser Szenarien Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu, um einen fairen Wert für Bitcoin zu ermitteln. Wenn du die Box öffnest und eine Welt beobachtest, in der Saylor Recht hatte, was passiert dann? Was wäre, wenn Dan Recht hätte?

Modell-Komponenten

Das Modell berechnet den Marktwert von Bitcoin heute anhand der folgenden Komponenten:

a. Marktkapitalisierung der Vermögenswerte: Der aktuelle Marktwert jedes traditionellen Wertaufbewahrungsmittels (z.B. Gold, Immobilien, Aktien, Anleihen).

b. Prozentsatz des monetären Aufschlags: Der Anteil der Marktkapitalisierung eines Vermögenswerts, der auf seinen Status als Wertaufbewahrungsmittel zurückzuführen ist.

c. Wahrscheinlichkeit der Vereinnahmung: Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Bitcoin die monetäre Prämie jedes Vermögenswerts vereinnahmt.

d. Zeit bis zur Vereinnahmung: Die erwartete Zeit, bis Bitcoin die Geldprämie eines jeden Vermögenswerts erbeutet. Dies kann auch als Vektor mit verschiedenen Prozentsätzen der eingefangenen Prämie über die Zeit modelliert werden.

e. Abzinsungsrate: Der Prozentsatz, mit dem die zukünftig erwarteten Erfassungswerte auf den Gegenwartswert abgezinst werden, um den heutigen Marktwert zu berechnen.

Modell-Berechnung

Der Zeitwert von Bitcoin wird als Summe des erwarteten Erfassungswerts der einzelnen Vermögenswerte berechnet:

wobei der Zeitwert jedes Vermögenswerts definiert ist als:

• mcap: Aktuelle Marktkapitalisierung der einzelnen Vermögenswerte
• mp: Prozentualer Anteil der Marktkapitalisierung, der Monetarisierungscharakter hat (nicht Nutzwert)\ prob: Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Bitcoin diesen Wert erfasst
• r: Abzinsungssatz
• n: Anzahl der Perioden, bis die Monetarisierung realisiert wird

Denke daran, dass wir mit diesem Rahmen auch den heutigen Bitcoin-Preis verwenden könnten, um die aktuell implizierte Wahrscheinlichkeit des Marktes zu berechnen.

Modell-Inputs

Potenzielle Vermögensklassen und geschätzte Werte - Daten vom April 2023

1. Aktien: a. Angenommener Marktwert: $100 Billionen b. Quelle: Die Börsenkapitalisierung kann der Weltbank und Statista entnommen werden.Die Daten stellen eine ungefähre Schätzung dar, da die Börsenkapitalisierung mit den Marktbewegungen schwankt.
2. Anleihen: a. Angenommener Marktwert: $130 Billionen b. Quelle: Die Kapitalisierung des globalen Anleihemarktes wurde aus Quellen wie der Bank für Internationalen Zahlungsausgleich abgeleitet. Die Daten stellen eine ungefähre Schätzung dar, da sich die Kapitalisierung des Anleihemarktes durch Neuemissionen und Tilgungen ändert. Sie umfassen nur die Gesamtsumme für „fortgeschrittene Volkswirtschaften".
3. Gold: a. Angenommener Marktwert: $10 Billionen b. Quelle: Die Gesamtmarktkapitalisierung von Gold wurde anhand der Daten des World Gold Council zu den oberirdischen Goldbeständen und dem durchschnittlichen Goldpreis pro Unze zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Berichts berechnet. Die Daten sollten aktualisiert werden, um den aktuellen Goldpreis für eine genaue Bewertung widerzuspiegeln.
4. Silber: a. Angenommener Marktwert: $1,3 Billionen b. Quelle: Die gesamte Marktkapitalisierung von Silber wurde anhand der Daten des Silver Institute zu den oberirdischen Silberbeständen und dem durchschnittlichen Silberpreis pro Unze zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Berichts geschätzt. Die Daten sollten aktualisiert werden, um den aktuellen Silberpreis für eine genaue Bewertung widerzuspiegeln.
5. Immobilien: a. Angenommener Marktwert: $320 Billionen b. Quelle: Savills Research
6. Kryptowährungen (ausgenommen BTC): a. Angenommener Marktwert: $500 Mrd. b. Quelle: Coinmarketcap.com

Parallelen zum Black-Scholes-Modell für die Optionsbewertung

Die Black-Scholes-Formel wird verwendet, um den fairen Preis von Optionen zu berechnen. Dabei handelt es sich um Finanzkontrakte, die dem Käufer das Recht (aber nicht die Verpflichtung) geben, einen Basiswert, z. B. eine Aktie oder einen Rohstoff, zu einem bestimmten Preis und Zeitpunkt zu kaufen oder zu verkaufen.

Die Formel umfasst fünf Inputs: den aktuellen Kurs des Basiswerts, den Ausübungspreis (den Preis, zu dem die Option ausgeübt werden kann), die Zeit bis zum Ablauf, den risikofreien Zinssatz und die Volatilität des Kurses des Basiswerts. Hier ist die Formel für den Preis einer Call-Option:

Die Formel selbst ist etwas kompliziert, aber in einfachen Worten funktioniert sie, indem sie die Wahrscheinlichkeit verschiedener Zukunftsszenarien für den Kurs des Basiswerts auf der Grundlage seiner Volatilität (wie stark sein Kurs im Laufe der Zeit zu schwanken pflegt) schätzt. Die Formel berechnet dann den erwarteten Wert der Option auf der Grundlage dieser Wahrscheinlichkeiten, abgezinst auf den heutigen Wert unter Verwendung des risikofreien Zinssatzes.

Die linke Seite der Gleichung stellt den Wert der Call-Option dar (das Recht, den Basiswert zu kaufen), während die rechte Seite die Summe aus dem Gegenwartswert des Ausübungspreises (der bei Ausübung der Option garantiert wird) und dem erwarteten Wert des Kurses des Basiswerts bei Fälligkeit darstellt. Der Erwartungswert wird berechnet, indem der aktuelle Kurs des Basiswerts mit einer Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktion multipliziert wird, die auf der Volatilität des Kurses des Basiswerts basiert.

Ein wesentlicher Unterschied zwischen den beiden Modellen besteht darin, dass die Black-Scholes-Formel auf der Annahme einer kontinuierlichen Zeit und einer bekannten Verteilung der Preise von Vermögenswerten beruht, während das Schrödinger-Münzmodell auf dem Konzept der Quantensuperposition basiert, bei dem ein Objekt in mehreren Zuständen existieren kann, bis es beobachtet wird. Das Schrödinger-Münzmodell ordnet jedem möglichen Ergebnis Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu, um einen fairen Wert für Bitcoin zu ermitteln, während die Black-Scholes-Formel eine Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktion verwendet, die auf der Volatilität des Preises des zugrunde liegenden Vermögenswerts basiert.

Ein weiterer Unterschied besteht darin, dass die Black-Scholes-Formel eine geschlossene Gleichung ist, was bedeutet, dass sie analytisch gelöst werden kann, während das Schrödinger-Münzen-Modell ein komplexeres Modell ist, das mehrere Eingaben und Berechnungen umfasst.

Trotz dieser Unterschiede zielen beide Modelle darauf ab, den beizulegenden Zeitwert eines Vermögenswerts zu schätzen, indem sie verschiedene Faktoren wie den aktuellen Preis des Vermögenswerts, die Zeit bis zum Verfall, die Zinssätze und die Volatilität berücksichtigen. Beide Modelle berücksichtigen auch das Potenzial für extreme Ergebnisse und die Ungewissheit künftiger Ereignisse, die zur Volatilität des Vermögenswerts beitragen können.

Schrödingers Münze und Volatilität als Merkmal, nicht als Fehler

Einer der meistdiskutierten Aspekte von Bitcoin und anderen Kryptowährungen ist ihre inhärente Preisvolatilität. In diesem Abschnitt argumentieren wir, dass das Schrödinger-Münzmodell die Volatilität von Bitcoin als ein natürliches Merkmal seiner Bewertung erklärt und nicht als Fehler oder Schwachstelle. Darüber hinaus werden wir diskutieren, wie diese Volatilität abnehmen kann, wenn wir uns der Hyperbitcoinisierung nähern.

1. Extreme Ergebnisse Das Schrödinger Modell basiert auf zwei extremen Ergebnissen für Bitcoin: entweder sch-eitert er und wird wertlos (das Dan Peña Szenario), oder er erobert erfolgreich die Geldprämie traditioneller Wertaufbewahrungsmittel (das Saylor Szenario). Infolgedessen sagt das Modell von Natur aus erhebliche Wertschwankungen voraus, die von der Marktstimmung und externen Faktoren abhängen, die die Wahrnehmung der Anleger hinsichtlich der Wahrscheinlichkeit dieser Ergebnisse beeinflussen.
2. Kleine Änderungen in der Wahrscheinlichkeit, große Änderungen im fairen Wert Angesichts der extremen Natur der beiden möglichen Ergebnisse können kleine Änderungen in der wahrgenommenen Wahrscheinlichkeit des Eintretens eines der beiden Szenarien zu erheblichen Änderungen im fairen Wert von Bitcoin führen. Zum Beispiel könnte ein leichter Anstieg des Vertrauens des Marktes in den Erfolg von Bitcoin zu einem signifikanten Anstieg des Preises führen, während ein Rückgang des Vertrauens zu einem starken Rückgang führen könnte.
3. Ungewissheit der Zeit Ein weiterer Faktor, der zur Volatilität von Bitcoin beiträgt, ist die Ungewissheit über die Zeit, die benötigt wird, um die Hyperbitcoinisierung zu erreichen. Während Hausse-Märkten nimmt die Zeitwahrnehmung (t) tendenziell ab, da die Anleger optimistischer werden, was die Akzeptanz von Bitcoin und die Geschwindigkeit angeht, mit der Bitcoin die Geldprämie von traditionellen Vermögenswerten erreichen wird. Umgekehrt steigt die wahrgenommene Zeit bis zur Hyperbitcoinisierung während Baisse-Märkten, wenn die Marktstimmung negativ wird. Diese Fluktuation in der Zeitwahrnehmung fügt dem Bitcoin-Kurs eine weitere Ebene der Volatilität hinzu.
4. Abnehmende Volatilität bei zunehmender Hyperbitcoinisierung Je näher wir der Hyperbitcoinisierung kommen, desto geringer dürfte die Volatilität von Bitcoin werden. Dies liegt daran, dass der Markt im Laufe der Zeit mehr Informationen über die Akzeptanz von Bitcoin, das regulatorische Umfeld und die technologischen Entwicklungen erhalten wird. Infolgedessen wird die Wahrnehmung des Marktes hinsichtlich der Wahrscheinlichkeit der beiden extremen Ergebnisse stabiler werden, was zu geringeren Preisschwankungen führt.

Zusammenfassend erklärt das Schrödinger-Münzen-Modell die Volatilität von Bitcoin als eine natürliche Folge seiner Bewertung, die auf extremen Ergebnissen, kleinen Veränderungen der Wahrscheinlichkeit und der Ungewissheit der Zeit bis zur Hyperbitcoinisierung beruht. Wenn der Markt mehr Informationen erhält und mehr Vertrauen in die Zukunft von Bitcoin gewinnt, wird erwartet, dass seine Volatilität abnimmt und gegen Null tendiert. Das Verständnis dieses Aspekts des Modells kann Anlegern helfen, fundiertere Entscheidungen über die mit einer Investition in Bitcoin verbundenen Risiken und Erträge zu treffen.

Schlussfolgerung

Schrödingers-Münzmodell bietet einen Rahmen für die Bewertung von Bitcoin, indem es sein Potenzial berücksichtigt, den monetäre Aufschlag von traditionellen Vermögenswerten wie Immobilien, Aktien und Anleihen einzufangen. Als überlegenes Wertaufbewahrungsmittel hat Bitcoin das Potenzial, Investitionen in traditionelle Vermögenswerte konsequent zu demonetisieren, was zu einer Verschiebung der Kapitalallokation und einer Neubewertung ihres Wertes führt.

Das Modell beleuchtet auch die inhärente Volatilität von Bitcoin, die sich aus den extremen Ergebnissen, kleinen Veränderungen der Wahrscheinlichkeit und der Ungewissheit der Zeit bis zur Hyperbitcoinisierung ergibt. Da der Markt jedoch mehr Informationen erhält und mehr Vertrauen in die Zukunft von Bitcoin gewinnt, wird erwartet, dass seine Volatilität abnimmt und gegen Null tendiert.

Darüber hinaus unterstreicht das Modell, wie wichtig es ist, die Risiken zu verstehen, die mit einer Investition in Bitcoin verbunden sind, wie regulatorische Änderungen, technologische Herausforderungen und potenzielle Konkurrenz durch andere Kryptowährungen oder alternative Wertaufbewahrungsmittel.

Durch das Verständnis der Dynamik des Schrödinger-Münzmodells sowie der Faktoren, die zur Volatilität von Bitcoin und den damit verbundenen Risiken beitragen, können Anleger fundiertere Entscheidungen über das potenzielle Wachstum und die mit Bitcoin und anderen Vermögenswerten verbundenen Risiken treffen. Dieser ganzheitliche Bewertungsansatz ermöglicht eine umfassendere Beurteilung des Potenzials von Bitcoin sowohl als Investition als auch als transformative Technologie.

@ 7b3f7803:8912e968

As we enter Holy Week, we are confronted with a world steeped in sin, strife, conflict, and mortality. There exists a peculiar fascination among some with societal decline, as if they derive satisfaction from witnessing civilization’s unraveling. This attraction to darkness may reflect their inner turmoil, a desire to see others share in their suffering. Alternatively, it could stem from a profound hopelessness, a belief that life lacks purpose, leading them to wish for its end. The allure of dystopian futures is, indeed, a curious phenomenon.

Alexander Hamilton once yearned for war as a means to elevate his status, a reflection of youthful ambition for decisive action. Such a desire—to distinguish oneself and ascend the social hierarchy—underlies some of the grim visions of the future propagated by certain ideological circles. Their aim is not war itself but a reconfiguration of power, placing authority in the hands of those who affirm their values. For years, such individuals have held sway, yet their influence appears to be waning.

In the absence of hope, many embrace visions of decline. This despair is characteristic of a faltering empire, signaling the end of an era. The younger generation, burdened by weariness, falters under the weight of their circumstances. They lack hope for a brighter future and see no clear path out of life’s monotony. In a word, they are trapped, uncertain of how to proceed.

We witnessed a similar sentiment during the Arab Spring, where upheaval was celebrated as a longed-for revolution, a societal reset. The assassination of a prominent corporate executive, such as the CEO of United Health, evokes a comparable yearning for disruption. There is a desire for a cultural transformation, though its precise nature remains elusive.

Yet, the youth find themselves dominated by the very elites whose rhetoric they echo. Unlike the 1960s, when generational values clashed overtly, today’s power structures co-opt the language of the young, redirecting their frustration toward populist movements. This inversion is a cunning strategy, mitigating the potential for significant rebellion.

The reality remains that the older generation holds the wealth, power, and authority, while the young are consistently marginalized. They are the ones left with little hope, ensnared by the system. However, a quiet rebellion is emerging—one rooted in hope and faith. Many are beginning to see through the falsehoods propagated by those in power. The promises of governmental provision, once alluring, now appear untenable in light of fiscal realities. The youth seek a new source of hope, a renewed perspective. Thankfully, they are beginning to find it, turning toward faith as a foundation for a more optimistic future.

@ a296b972:e5a7a2e8

Die Figuren in der Koalition der Willigen entlarven ihre charakterliche Ungeeignetheit für politische Ämter mit Verantwortung für ganze Nationen. Staatliche Entscheidungen dürfen nicht emotionsgesteuert sein. Aber genau das ist derzeit der Fall. Überall wird mit der Moralkeule um sich gehauen. Erwachsene benehmen sich wie im Kindergarten und zeigen ihre fehlende Reife. Von menschlicher Größe ganz zu schweigen.

Bisher war es schön warm unter den Fittichen der USA. Deutschland hat aufgrund seiner Geschichte besonders gut den Nick-August gespielt und sich selbst eine Souveränität vorgelogen, die es so nie gegeben hat. Jetzt sieht es so aus, als wollten die USA Europa in die Freiheit, in die Volljährigkeit entlassen. Es könnte auch sein, dass die USA aus der NATO austreten und sich vor allem um sich selbst kümmern. Allein das würde die Welt schon wesentlich friedlicher machen, denkt man beispielsweise an den Einmarsch in den Irak. Es gehen Gerüchte um, dass Truppen aus Rumänien und Deutschland abgezogen werden sollen.

Vielleicht geht es bei den Friedensverhandlungen zwischen Trump und Putin nicht nur um die Ukraine, sondern, wenn man schon mal dabei ist, auch um die Kräfteverteilung in Europa insgesamt. Waffeneinsätze in der Ukraine wurden maßgeblich von Wiesbaden aus gesteuert. 2026 sollen dort US-Mittelstrecken-Raketen stationiert werden. Der an Führungsstärke kleinste Kanzler der Bundesrepublik, Scholz, hat das brav abgenickt. Der nur noch durch ein Wunder zu verhindernde neue Kanzler, das Glas Gewürzgurken aus dem Sauerland, provoziert Russland mit seiner Ankündigung zu den Taurus-Raketen dafür um so mehr. Da ist man schon fast gewillt, sich den Scholz zurückzuwünschen, als das kleinere Übel.

Statt mit Besonnenheit und Vernunft die veränderte Sicherheitslage mit den USA als eher abtrünnige Schutzmacht neu zu bewerten, hierin auch eine Chance zu sehen, eine starke Botschaft und den Willen auf ein friedliches neues Miteinander in den Fokus zu stellen, reagieren die meisten europäischen politischen „Spitzenkräfte“ mit blindem Aktionismus, der weltenbrandgefährlich ist. Und Deutschland, dass es sich aufgrund seiner Geschichte am wenigsten erlauben könnte, macht mit von der Leyen in Brüssel und Merz, Pistorius und anderen Kriegs-Warm-Uppern am weitesten das Maul auf, obwohl es sich am bedecktesten halten sollte.

Angesichts der Tatsache, dass Europa gegenüber einer Atommacht wie Russland vollkommen wehrlos ist, wäre es wirklich viel gescheiter, sich der neuen Situation anzupassen und ständig Signale der Friedensbereitschaft zu senden. Unterstütz von den Briten und Franzosen schmiegt Brüssel eine Koalition der Friedensuntüchtigen, wie sie Uwe Froschauer aktuell in seinem Buch „Die Friedensuntüchtigen“ beschreibt. In der Rezension von mir gibt es auch einen Link zu einem Review des Inhalts:

https://wassersaege.com/blogbeitraege/buchrezension-die-friedensuntuechtigen-von-uwe-froschauer/

Stattdessen passiert das Gegenteil.

Es ist nicht nur legitim, sondern sogar Aufgabe der einzelnen Staaten, eine gewisse Verteidigungsfähigkeit aufbauen zu wollen. Derzeit geschieht das jedoch unter falschen Vorzeichen. Die NATO, als sogenanntes Verteidigungsbündnis zur Vorlage zu nehmen, wäre keine gute Idee, weil sie sich mangels Gelegenheit (der Verteidigung) eher als das Gegenteil herausgestellt hat, wie man seinerzeit in Jugoslawien erleben musste.

Russland als Feind hochzustilisieren, um ein Aufrüsten zu beschleunigen, ist jedoch der denkbar falscheste Weg. Wenn ein Yorkshire-Terrier einen Pit-Bull ankläfft, könnte das fatale Folgen haben. Wenn die europäischen „Geistesgrößen“ bei Verstand wären und in der Lage, die Realität richtig einzuschätzen, würden sie das erkennen.

Woher kommt die Überheblichkeit, woher die Unfähigkeit zur Einschätzung der Lage, woher die Realitätsverweigerung? Ist das gewollt, steckt ein Plan dahinter oder sind „die“ einfach „nur“ strunzendoof? Letzteres wäre die gefährlichste Variante.

Es stellt sich immer mehr heraus, dass Corona offensichtlich ein Test war, wie weit die Menschen in ihrer Obrigkeitshörigkeit zu treiben sind. Wie dumm und gefolgsam sind die Schafe wirklich?

Bei einer Lieferung von Taurus-Raketen, die von Deutschen gesteuert werden müssen, könnte es vielleicht gelingen, die Krim-Brücke zu zerstören. Den Kriegsverlauf würde das jedoch nicht beeinflussen. Russland gewinnt so oder so. Im Gegenteil, die Folgen für Deutschland würden den dort möglicherweise angerichteten Schaden bei weitem übertreffen.

Während ich schreibe kommt gerade auf RT DE (aufgrund der „Pressefreiheit“ verzichtet man derzeit offiziell auf diesen Sender) folgende Meldung rein: Russisches Außenministerium: Taurus-Einsatz bedeutet deutsche Kriegsbeteiligung.

https://rtde.site/international/242696-russisches-aussenministerium-taurus-einsatz-bedeutet/

Es ist nicht nachvollziehbar, dass Merz offensichtlich nicht in der Lage ist anzuerkennen, dass Russland über Oreschnik-Raketen verfügt. Er scheint nicht in der Lage zu sein, die möglichen Folgen einschätzen zu können. Genau so wenig wie Pistorius. Die beiden kommen einem vor, wie zwei, die sich im stockfinsteren Wald verirrt haben und sich gegenseitig Mut zusprechen.

Nach wie vor gibt es keine fundierten Beweise dafür, dass Russland die Absicht hat, Deutschland auf unschöne Weise bereisen zu wollen. Das kann nicht oft genug gesagt werden.

Wie schon vor dem Ukraine-Konflikt, durch ein ständiges mit der NATO-Osterweiterung Russland-immer-näher-auf-die-Pelle-rücken, streut jetzt Europa, Deutschland, der Kriegskanzler Salz in die Wunde und Russland sagt ständig: Stoy, so geht das nicht!

Wenn wir eine Bedrohungslage haben, dann die, dass das aktuelle Regime den Deutschen in seinem Wehrwahn mit Wehrpflicht und einer bevorstehenden russischen Invasion droht, obwohl es, man kann es wirklich nicht oft genug sagen, keine reale Bedrohung durch Russland gibt.

In einem Interview im deutschen Propaganda-Funk faselt Pistorius davon, dass in einem „Schnuppercamp der Bundesmarine“ in Kiel für Teenager ab 16 Jahre, er gar nichts Verwerfliches daran finden kann. „Die schießen ja nicht…“, „Wir bringen ihnen ja nicht das Töten bei mit 17, sondern wir bereiten sie vor auf eine Ausbildung zum Soldaten. Und Soldat ist ein sehr ehrenwerter Beruf, der nämlich dazu dient, unsere Freiheit und Sicherheit im Ernstfall zu verteidigen.“ Dass diese Verteidigung tödlich enden kann, wird hier verschwiegen. Das könnte schließlich Teile der Soldaten verunsichern.

Ein Politikwissenschaftler regt sich über den Titel eines Liedes auf:

-Da stört sich doch tatsächlich jemand an der Liedzeile „Meine Söhne geb‘ ich nicht“-

https://www.nachdenkseiten.de/?p=131733

Man hat das Gefühl, dass alle Politiker, statt wie Obelix in den Zaubertrank, in ein Fass Teflon-Lack gefallen sind. Anders ist es nicht zu erklären, warum die Realität so perfekt an ihnen abperlt.

Wir werden immer mehr in die Enge getrieben. Und man weiß nicht, was im Zuge der digitalisierten Überwachung, die auch in Russland kräftig Fahrt aufnimmt, zwischen den USA und Russland sonst noch ausgehandelt wird. Auch, wenn Vance derzeit von UK-Premier Keir Starmer fordert, er müsse die Gesetze gegen „Hassrede“ aufheben, um ein Handelsabkommen mit den USA zu erzielen, und das eine Vorankündigung auf die Verhandlungen mit der EU sein könnte, (Bedingung: Abschaffung des Digital Services Act). In den USA gibt es Tech-Giganten, wie Musk und Thiel und Konsorten, die mit Umlegen eines Schalters, den derzeit augenscheinlichen Kampf für Meinungsfreiheit und Freiheit der Bürger, im Handumdrehen ins Gegenteil verqueren können. Dann sind wir in Null Komma Nichts in der Versklavung mit einem Totalitarismus und einer Technokratie gelandet, in der sich Georg Orwells „1984“ wie eine Gute-Nacht-Geschichte für kleine Kinder anhört.

Dieser Artikel wurde mit dem Pareto-Client geschrieben

@ 044da344:073a8a0e

Hölderlin taugt immer. Diesmal sogar doppelt. Dass mit der Gefahr das Rettende wächst, hat sich inzwischen herumgesprochen. Raymond Unger ist so ein Anker. Wann immer ich seinen Namen bei einer Veranstaltung erwähne: Die Leute wissen Bescheid. Vom Verlust der Freiheit. Ich hätte zählen sollen, wie oft ich gehört habe: Dieses Buch hat mir die Augen geöffnet. Migration, Klima, Corona: alles drin und vor allem so verflochten, dass zusammenpasst, was eigentlich nicht zusammengehört und unsere Welt auf den Kopf gestellt hat. Viele haben danach Ungers Impfbuch gelesen, sich von seiner Heldenreise inspirieren oder bestätigen lassen und mit ihm um Gunnar Kaiser getrauert (Habe ich genug getan?, 2024). Wer schon länger dabei ist, kennt in der Regel auch Die Wiedergutmacher – ein Psychogramm der Babyboomer, das so nur jemand schreiben kann, der selbst erlebt hat, wie das Weltkriegstrauma vererbt wurde, und als Therapeut die Konzepte kennt, mit denen sich das in Worte fassen lässt.

Der Sachbuchautor Raymond Unger war und ist ein Fremdgänger – ein Künstler, preisgekrönt, den die Not des Beobachters gezwungen hat, das Metier zu wechseln. Der erste Hölderlin. Ohne die große Krise würde dieser Maler vermutlich immer noch nächtelang an seiner Staffelei mit der Materie kämpfen und vor allem mit sich selbst. Wahrscheinlich kennt Raymond Unger auch mein zweites Hölderlin-Zitat: Was aber bleibet, stiften die Dichter. Ich habe diesen Satz gerade wieder gehört aus dem Mund von Peter-Michael Diestel, letzter Innenminister der DDR, der sich mit Gregor Gysi über Heimat unterhält, über den Osten und den Westen und dabei fast zwangsläufig auf die Historiker zu sprechen kommt. „Ärmliches Lohnschreiber-Geschwader“, sagt Diestel und zeichnet ein ganzes anderes Bild von der Vergangenheit als die Geschichtsbücher. „Die DDR ist meine Herkunft. Mein Paradies.“ Sagt einer ihrer Totengräber. Und damit Vorhang auf für die Dichter.

Auf der Bühne steht der Romanautor Raymond Unger, eine Melange aus dem Bildermacher und dem Gesellschaftsanalytiker, die den gleichen Namen tragen. Wuchtig kommt sein Gemälde KAI daher mit Szenen und Orten, von denen jeder Hollywood-Regisseur träumt. Ostsee und Alpen, Berlin, Hamburg und das Silicon Valley. Am Ende Fulda, okay. Davor aber eine Schriftstellerin, Ende 30, attraktiv, Objekt der Begierde zweier reifer Männer, bis die Dame plötzlich im Wortsinn zerfließt, das gute Stück eines der beiden Verehrer beleidigt (klein, was sonst) und auf den Teppich pinkelt. Das ist nur das Vorspiel für einen Antiterroreinsatz in der schwedischen Idylle und Explosionen im Zentrum von Berlin, für ein Auto, das seinen Fahrer wie von Geisterhand gesteuert in den Tod reißt, und für einen Quarterback, der auf dem Spielfeld tot umfällt – zur Primetime, damit jeder weiß, was ihm blühen könnte.

Ich schreibe das, weil ich ein wenig Angst hatte vor diesem Roman. Einer meiner Lieblingsautoren auf neuem Gelände. Wird er sich dort verlaufen, untergehen gar, und mir so einen Fixstern aus meinem Bücherregal nehmen? Nein, nein und nochmal nein. KAI ist ein großer Wurf. KAI ist das Buch, auf das ich gewartet habe. Sicher: Ich habe die Dystopie Hinter der Zukunft von Thomas Eisinger gefeiert, einen Augenöffner ersten Ranges, und ein wenig auch die Corona-Kurzgeschichten von Eugen Zentner. Trotzdem. KAI hat das Zeug, unseren Nachkommen zu berichten, was wir erlebt und erlitten haben. Und vielleicht noch wichtiger: KAI übersetzt all das in ein Märchen, das realer nicht sein könnte und mit einem Ende daherkommt, das die Kämpfe seit den frühen 2010er Jahren mit Sinn auflädt und aus Verlierern Sieger macht. Dazu gleich mehr.

Vorher ein Wort zu Hölderlin und zu seinem Satz über die Dichter, die sagen, was bleibt. Der Mensch ist ein Geschichtentier. Das ist trivial, ich weiß, kann aber nicht oft genug wiederholt werden in einer Zeit, in der eine Regierung sich ins Stammbuch schreibt, dass „die bewusste Verbreitung von falschen Tatsachenbehauptungen“ nicht „durch die Meinungsfreiheit“ gedeckt sei. Falsche Tatsachenbehauptungen. Was soll das sein? 2014 ist Argentinien Fußball-Weltmeister geworden. Oder Tansania. Zwei plus zwei ist fünf und der Autor dieses Textes – eine Frau. Ich muss gar nicht in die Absurditätenkiste greifen, sondern kann in meinem Fachgebiet bleiben. Das 20. Jahrhundert beginnt mit dem Panzerkreuzer Aurora in Petrograd und endet mit den Moskauer Schüssen vom August 1991. Falsch. Falsch? Muss ich künftig Putsch sagen und Sankt Petersburg und hundert Jahre hundert Jahre sein lassen, um der Medienaufsicht nicht ins Netz zu gehen?

Namen, Daten, Orte, Ereignisse: All das rauscht an uns vorbei, wenn es nicht mit einer Story daherkommt und sich nicht einfügen lässt in das, was wir uns über die Menschen und die Welt erzählen. Wer glaubt, dass der Staat ein guter Forscher ist, ein noch besserer Lehrer und der ideale Verwalter aller Vermögen, der wird sich nicht beklagen, wenn Steuergelder in Wissenschaft und Bildung, Kunst und Kultur gepumpt werden und man parallel über einen Lastenausgleich diskutiert. Noch einmal anders gewendet: Es lohnt sich nicht, die Gegenseite mit „Fakten“ und „Tatsachen“ zu bombardieren. Nicht das Fleisch entscheidet, sondern die Sauce. Demokratie, Menschenrechte, Wertewesten. Schwarz-Rot will die „Meinungsfreiheit“ wahren, aber trotzdem „auf der Basis klarer gesetzlicher Vorgaben gegen Informationsmanipulation sowie Hass und Hetze vorgehen“. Alles in einem Satz. Das ist die hohe Schule der Manipulation – möglich nur, weil die Jünger des Parteienstaates gar nicht auf die Idee kommen können, dass im Namen der großen Erzählung Böses getan wird.

Raymond Unger weiß: Wir brauchen eine neue Erzählung. Und wir brauchen Klarheit über die Wucht, die Erzählungen entfalten. Also lässt er Materialisten und Idealisten aufeinander losgehen und öffnet auf dem Höhepunkt der Schlacht „ein Portal zur Anderswelt“, „durch das uralte kosmische Kräfte in unsere physische Welt hineinwirken können“ – bei ihm ein Einfallstor für die „transhumanistische Agenda“ und jene Kräfte, die „alles Menschliche“ verdrängen wollen. Wenn das jetzt kryptisch klingen sollte: keine Sorge. Dieser Autor kann erzählen. Er lässt Freud und Jung in einem Ehepaar auferstehen, das sich so kappelt wie Hans Castorp und Lodovico Settembrini auf dem Zauberberg von Thomas Mann, und mischt das, was er über Klima, 5G und mRNA braucht, in Gespräche mit ChatGPT und kurze Vorträge, die jeder verstehen kann, weil im Publikum Laien sitzen.

Von der Story selbst will ich hier nicht allzu viel verraten. Siehe oben. Wenn man ins Kino geht, reichen auch die Schnipsel aus dem Werbespot und die Gesichter der Helden. Bill Gates spielt mit, Uğur Şahin und Ulrike Herrmann. Leicht verfremdet, aber ja: Es geht schließlich um alles. Den Titel immerhin muss ich auflösen: Bei Raymond Unger sitzt KAI am Hebel. CO2-Märchen, Pandemie-Märchen, das Schlachtfeld Ukraine, Kriegstüchtigkeit: Produkte einer finsteren Macht, die bei ihm aus der Technik wächst und aus der Ideenwelt des Okkultismus, die man aber genauso gut ganz irdisch dort verorten könnte, wo nicht wenige einen „tiefen Staat“ vermuten. Ein guter Roman braucht nicht nur große Gefühle, sondern mehr als eine Ebene. Wer sich wie ich eher an Akteure und Ressourcen hält, kann KAI leicht als Metapher lesen, erst recht in dieser Schreibweise.

Raymond Ungers Gegenerzählung ist nicht neu, aber verlorengegangen auf Plattformen und Bildschirmen, die keine Zwischentöne erlauben und so die Spaltung vorantreiben. Unger sagt: Rettung kommt von da, wo es keine Mehrheiten gibt. Der Außenseiter in der Wissenschaft. Die Menschen, die entscheiden und verzichten und erst so zum Menschen werden. Coronakritiker. Ostdeutsche. Er sagt außerdem: Es gibt U-Boote selbst da, wo die Mehrheiten sind. Schreibt auch die nicht ab, die euch im Moment als Zielscheibe erscheinen. Vor allem aber sagt er: Der Mensch kann Dinge tun, die buchstäblich niemand auf dem Zettel hat. Gegen jede Wahrscheinlichkeit und damit völlig anders als selbst die perfekte Maschine. Nur der Mensch kann sich lösen von dem, was ist, und so Freund Hölderlin alle Ehre machen.

Vielleicht ein Wermutstropfen: Starke Frauen fehlen in seiner Welt. Das heißt: Es gibt starke Frauen, aber nur auf der dunklen Seite der Macht oder als leichtes Opfer von KAI. Ich habe mit zwei Kennerinnen über den Roman gesprochen, die insgesamt sehr angetan waren, aber leicht die Nase rümpften wegen mancher Formulierung und einigen Figuren. Hier und da etwas technokratisch, sagten die beiden, und nicht immer prall im Leben. Was soll man da antworten als Mann. Ich, ein Sachbuchfresser, habe KAI verschlungen. Und: Gut, dass wir endlich auch in der Unterwelt (Walter van Rossum) einen Roman haben, erschienen in einem großen Verlag, über den wir streiten können.

Raymond Unger: KAI. München: Europa Verlag, 431 Seiten, 25 Euro.

Michael Meyen: Videos

Freie Akademie für Medien & Journalismus

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@ 4925ea33:025410d8

Como invocar a Deus?

O segundo capítulo do livro Confissões, de Santo Agostinho, começa com uma pergunta que toca o coração de todo aquele que busca a fé: “Como invocar a Deus?”

Essa questão, apesar de parecer simples, exige que tenhamos os olhos abertos para a verdade e uma consciência clara da nossa pequenez diante da grandeza divina. Somos pó diante do Criador — limitados, frágeis, tentando compreender o Infinito.

O Deus que não pode ser contido

Santo Agostinho se questiona sobre a presença de Deus e o que significa “conter” o Senhor. Ele reconhece que Deus está em todos os lugares — até mesmo no inferno. Como poderia ser diferente, se Deus é infinitamente grande?

“Nada pode conter Deus, nem mesmo o céu e a terra, suas maiores criações.”

Esse reconhecimento o leva a concluir: Deus não tem começo, meio ou fim. Ele é eterno, e nada pode delimitá-Lo.

O espanto da descoberta: Deus habita em nós Agostinho se espanta ao perceber que, se tudo o que existe só existe porque Deus o sustenta, então Deus está em tudo — inclusive dentro de nós. E aqui nasce uma nova dúvida:

Por que invocar a Deus se Ele já habita em mim? Como pode o Infinito caber em uma criatura tão pequena como o ser humano?

A beleza da doutrina católica

Estudar a doutrina católica é uma experiência profunda e transformadora. A riqueza com que ela trata o mistério de Deus é tão grandiosa, que toca até os corações mais endurecidos.

“Se algo existe, é porque Deus o sustenta. Ele está conosco. Ele nos dá o dom da vida.”

Essa verdade muda completamente a forma como enxergamos a realidade. Compreender que Deus sustenta até aqueles que se afastaram Dele nos leva a uma nova visão — mais compassiva, mais humana e mais próxima do amor de Cristo.

A presença de Deus até nas realidades mais difíceis

Essa reflexão me lembra algo que ouvia na igreja: o chamado de apresentar Cristo nos presídios. Sempre me perguntei como os pregadores viam a presença de Deus em pessoas que cometeram crimes cruéis.

Hoje, entendo que se alguém ainda existe, é porque Deus ainda o sustenta — mesmo que seus atos não agradem a Deus. A existência é um sinal de que a presença divina ainda está ali, chamando à conversão.

Conclusão: Deus está em tudo, inclusive em nós

Este capítulo não aprofunda como lidar com o inimigo ou com o mal, mas nos dá uma certeza essencial: Deus está em tudo e em todos.

Ao orar, não devemos buscá-Lo como alguém distante, mas sim olhar para dentro de nós. A presença de Deus habita em nós.

@ 04ea4f83:210e1713

Veröffentlicht auf Bitcoin Magazine am 11.01.2024\ Originalautor: Josh von BlueCollarBitcoin\ Übersetzt von: Sinautoshi am 13.01.2024 - 825611

Wir alle haben einen Werdegang in Bezug auf Bitcoin. Einige begannen als Verfechter des gesunden Geldes, die die österreichische Schule der Nationalökonomie und Gold verehrten. Andere sind aus der TradFi-Welt herausgefallen, als sie merkten, dass etwas nicht ganz richtig war. Die meisten Bitcoiner haben die Irrungen und Wirrungen der Altcoin-Hölle durchlaufen. Wie auch immer du es hierher und zu Bitcoin geschafft hast, willkommen und schnall dich verdammt nochmal an.

Als ich mich zum ersten Mal für Bitcoin interessierte, war das im Juli 2017, und der Bullenmarkt des Jahres war bereits in vollem Gange. Ich kaufte etwas Bitcoin und sah zu, wie der Wert stieg. Dann kaufte ich mehr. Wie es bei diesen parabolischen Aufwärtsbewegungen üblich ist, beobachtete ich, wie der Preis stieg und mein Gemütszustand veränderte sich:

Von Interesse zu Unglauben zu Verliebtheit zu ausgearteten Käufen zu Verzweiflung.

Dies ist eine Entwicklung, die du während der nächsten Aufwärtsbewegung vermeiden kannst, wenn du dich richtig vorbereitest.

Wenn du dies in der Hoffnung liest, alle Antworten zu finden, habe ich leider schlechte Nachrichten. Es gibt keine richtigen Antworten in Bitcoin oder im Leben. Wir sind alle auf einer Reise, um herauszufinden, was wir tun und wie wir vorgehen sollen. Ich hoffe, dass ich dir einen Leitfaden an die Hand geben kann, aber letztendlich werden deine persönlichen Ziele und deine Veranlagung bestimmen, wie du mit der Volatilität umgehst. Bitcoin wird deine Entschlossenheit auf die Probe stellen.

In der späteren Phase des Bullemarkts 2017 sprach ich mit jedem in meinem Leben über Bitcoin - völlig besessen. Mein damaliger Nachbar war älter als ich und hatte den Dot-Com-Boom erlebt. Den Rat, den er mir gab, werde ich nie vergessen, denn er hatte während der Dot-Com-Blase eine Menge Geld gewonnen (und verloren). Er hörte sich mein glühendes Interesse an Bitcoin an und ging sehr maßvoll mit meiner offensichtlichen LIEBE für diesen Vermögenswert um. Er erzählte mir, dass er während des Dot-Com-Booms mehr Geld verdient hat, als er jemals geglaubt hätte, und am Ende war er wieder genau da, wo er angefangen hatte - weil er den Bullenmarkt über den Gipfel geritten und nichts verkauft hatte. Sein Rat war: "Ich freue mich, dass es dir gut geht, aber vergiss nicht, etwas Gewinn mitzunehmen." Er riet mir, 50 % zu verkaufen und 50 % zu behalten - eine einfache Absicherungsstrategie. Kurz nachdem Bitcoin sein Allzeithoch erreicht hatte, beherzigte ich seinen Rat und verkaufte einige meiner Bestände in der Nähe des lokalen Höchststands.

Ich weiß, dass dies für viele Hodler ein Frevel ist. Wir verkaufen unsere Bitcoin doch nicht, oder? Nun, das ist eine persönliche Entscheidung, und je nach deiner Risikotoleranz und deinem Platz im Leben, möchtest du vielleicht ein gewisses Risiko vom Tisch nehmen. Das ist Teil des Investierens, und wie das alte Sprichwort sagt, verliert niemand Geld, wenn er mit Gewinn verkauft. Dieser Artikel soll den Rat geben, den ich mir gewünscht hätte, als ich Bitcoin zum ersten Mal entdeckte. Ich hoffe, er hilft Neulingen in diesem Bereich zu verstehen, wie man sich in dem bombastischen Umfeld zurechtfindet, das Bitcoin während seiner Bullenmärkte erzeugt.

Ich habe zwei Bullenmärkte erlebt, einen im Jahr 2017 und einen im Jahr 2021. Diese Bullenmärkte waren SEHR unterschiedlich, und ich vermute, wenn du mit denjenigen sprichst, die bei Bullenmärkten vor 2017 dabei waren, wirst du feststellen, dass sie sich auch sehr unterschiedlich anfühlten.

Das erste, was ich loswerden möchte, ist Folgendes - niemand weiß, was passieren wird:

• Balaji spricht von 1 Million in 3 Monaten
• Nobelpreisträger sagen, Bitcoin wird auf Null sinken
• Buffett und Munger (RIP) nennen es Rattengift

Egal, wem Du zuhörst, egal, wie lange sie schon in dem Bereich tätig sind oder wie korrekt sie in der Vergangenheit waren, es spielt keine Rolle. Sie haben keine Ahnung, was die Zukunft bringt.

Bei Investitionen gibt es eine Idee, die als Überlebensbias bezeichnet wird. Diejenigen, die richtig lagen, haben überlebt, und sie erscheinen wie Genies, weil sie richtig lagen. Die überwiegende Mehrheit derjenigen, die sich geirrt haben, ist vergessen. Man hört nichts über sie. Ich will hier niemanden in die Pfanne hauen, aber es gab prominente Bitcoin-Leute, die VIEL höhere Preise riefen, als wir im Jahr 2021 bei 68K waren. Ich sage nicht, dass sie schlechte Menschen sind; ich bin mir sicher, dass sie einen guten Grund hatten, diese Zahlen zu prognostizieren, aber wenn man damals ihren Ratschlägen gefolgt wäre, hätte man zum denkbar schlechtesten Zeitpunkt gekauft und wäre für JAHRE unter die Räder gekommen.

Meiner Meinung nach gibt es verschiedene Arten von Kristallkugelbesitzern, und die unterste Kategorie sind die technischen Analysten. Das sind die ein Dutzend Leute, die man auf Twitter sieht, die über Momentum, Preisniveaus, Tassen und Griffe usw. schwadronieren. Diese Leute riefen für 10K Bitcoin, wo der Boden bei 16k lag. Ich sage nicht, dass TA Unsinn ist; im Grunde ist es ein System zur Vorhersage menschlicher Handlungen durch Wahrscheinlichkeit. Es ist bestenfalls eine Überlegung. Sie sollte nie in einem Vakuum verwendet werden, um Ihre Allokationen zu bestimmen. Wenn du es in Verbindung mit den Fundamentaldaten verwendest, kann es viel hilfreicher sein. Worauf ich hier hinaus will, ist, dass es GANZ viele TA-Analysten gibt, die Ihnen raten, bei 68 K zu kaufen und nicht bei 16 K. Sie werfen probabilistische Darts. Setze deine finanzielle Zukunft nicht auf eine fundierte Vermutung von irgendjemandem.

Die zweite Art von Kristallkugel-Liebhabern sind Makro-Analysten. Diese Leute sind meiner Meinung nach glaubwürdiger, weil sie den allgemeinen Trend in der Wirtschaft einschätzen. Sie berücksichtigen die Zinssätze, die Bewegungen der Fed und die Wirtschaftsdaten. Diese Leute sind viel näher an der Realität, weil sie den Finger am Puls des wirtschaftlichen Geschehens haben. Aber wie bei den TA-Analysten können sich auch diese Leute VÖLLIG irren. Viele sagten, dass die Leitzinsen nicht über x oder y steigen könnten, da sonst die gesamte Wirtschaft zusammenbrechen würde. Nun, die Zinssätze wurden auf ein Niveau angehoben, das weit über ihren Weltuntergangsprognosen liegt, und wir haben keinen Zusammenbruch erlebt.

Ob du nun einem TA-Analysten oder einem Makro-Analysten folgst, sie können wegen eines schwarzen Schwans völlig FALSCH liegen. Nicholas Taleb - bekanntlich von Bitcoinern gehasst - hat den Begriff "schwarzer Schwan" geprägt, um Ereignisse zu bezeichnen, die von Zeit zu Zeit eintreten und mit Standardmodellen einfach nicht vorhergesagt werden können, weil sie so unwahrscheinlich sind. Covid war ein schwarzer Schwan. Der Krieg in der Ukraine war ein schwarzer Schwan. Und rate mal, was passiert: Morgen könnte es einen weiteren unvorhersehbaren schwarzen Schwan geben, der alle TA- und Makro-Analysten völlig auf den Kopf stellt. In der Welt gibt es jede Menge Zufälle. Übrigens sind schwarze Schwäne nicht immer schlecht. Sie können genauso gut auch positive Katalysatoren sein.

Heißt das also, dass wir vor Angst gelähmt bleiben und niemandem trauen sollten?

Ganz und gar nicht. Es bedeutet, dass wir uns die Mühe machen sollten, UNS SELBST zu BILDEN! Du musst die Verantwortung für dich und deine Entscheidungen übernehmen. Du kannst die Informationen der TA-Analysten und der Makro-Analysten nehmen und deine eigenen fundierten Entscheidungen treffen. DAS IST VON GRÖSSTER WICHTIGKEIT.

BILDE DICH SELBST WEITER

Bitcoin ist ein unglaublich einfaches und doch unendlich komplexes Wesen. Deine Ausbildung wird nie vollständig sein, aber du kannst dein Verständnis Schritt für Schritt erweitern. Wir haben eine 10-teilige Bitcoin-Grundlagen-Serie mit Dazbea und Seb Bunney gemacht, und ich habe das Gefühl, dass wir nicht einmal an der Oberfläche gekratzt haben!

Du solltest gut ausgebildet sein, um widerstandsfähig zu werden. Wenn du ein solides Verständnis von Bitcoin und seiner Funktionsweise hast, wirst du nicht so leicht zu erschüttern sein. Die Psychologie ist hier SEHR WICHTIG. Wenn du verstehst, in was du investierst, und der Markt von einem Börsenausfall betroffen ist, ähnlich dem, der FTX passiert ist, wirst du einige Dinge verstehen, die die Durchschnittsperson vielleicht nicht versteht.

• Bitcoin ist davon nicht betroffen
• Der Preisverfall ist vorübergehend und unbegründet
• Deshalb ist jetzt ein guter Zeitpunkt, um Bitcoin zu akkumulieren

Aber auch das Gegenteil ist der Fall. Wenn du siehst, wie die Mainstream-Schlagzeilen über Bitcoin schwärmen und die Gewinne kein Ende zu nehmen scheinen, und du das Gefühl hast, dass du jedes bisschen Geld in Bitcoin investieren solltest, weil der Preis nirgendwo hin geht, außer nach oben - dann sei VORSICHTIG. Ich habe festgestellt, dass meine Psychologie typisch ist. Ich habe Angst, wenn der Preis nach unten geht, und ich habe irrationalen Überschwang, wenn der Preis schnell steigt. Wenn ich GENAU das Gegenteil von dem tue, was mein Affenhirn mir sagt, stelle ich fest, dass ich oft das Richtige tue. Das heißt, wenn du extreme Angst verspürst, ist dies der richtige Zeitpunkt zum Kaufen, und wenn du dich überschwänglich fühlst, ist dies der richtige Zeitpunkt zum Verkaufen.

Panikkäufe sind gefährlich. Wenn du einen unkontrollierbaren Drang verspürst, Bitcoin zu kaufen, atme tief durch. Ich kann dir versichern, dass du in der Lage sein wirst, etwas Bitcoin zu kaufen, und wenn du den Drang so stark verspürst, ist der Markt wahrscheinlich reif für einen Rücksetzer. Das ist keine Garantie, aber nach meiner Erfahrung ist dies der wahrscheinliche Fall. Ich plädiere nicht für den Handel mit BTC, ganz und gar nicht. Ich kann ehrlich sagen, dass ich durch den Handel mehr BTC verloren als gewonnen habe, und wenn die meisten Leute ehrlich sind, werden sie das auch zugeben. Das Trading ist eine Fähigkeit und Disziplin, die nur sehr wenige Menschen beherrschen.

Die typischen psychologischen Hindernisse, die den Menschen im Weg stehen, sind Angst und Gier. Denk über deine Gefühle nach und erkenne, wann du diese Emotionen erlebst. Sie werden dich dazu bringen, Fehler zu machen. Der einfachste Weg, all dies zu mildern, ist einfach der Dollar-Cost-Average. Dollar-Cost Averaging nimmt den ganzen Stress heraus. Basta. Wenn du in diesem Moment in diesen Schatz einsteigst und er über Nacht auf 30 % fällt, frage dich ehrlich: Habe ich den Mut dazu? Habe ich die nötige Überzeugung dafür? Habe ich das nötige Wissen, um zu verstehen, warum der Dollarpreis kurzfristig keine Rolle spielt? Werde ich in Panik verkaufen? Wenn du nicht überzeugt bist, wird dich das Dollar-Cost-Averaging retten. Du bekommst den Durchschnittspreis über einen langen Zeitraum.

Ich habe eine kleine DCA-Taktik, die einfach ist und bei mir funktioniert:

Wenn der Preis sich entspannt, erhöhe ich meinen DCA, und wenn der Preis in die Höhe schießt, ziehe ich mich zurück und kaufe im Durchschnitt weniger. Über Monate und Jahre hinweg führt dies zu einem optimalen Durchschnittswert.

FÜHLE DICH NICHT WIE EIN VERRÄTER, WENN DU BTC VERKAUFST

Habe einen Plan und sei bereit, ihn auszuführen. Der Plan meines Nachbarn ist ein guter Anfang. Sobald du dein Geld verdoppelt hast, nimmst du die Anfangsinvestition heraus. Dabei gibt es ein erhebliches Sternchen - was willst du anstelle von Bitcoin kaufen? Inflationäres Bargeld? Die Möglichkeiten, sein Geld woanders anzulegen, sind heutzutage sehr begrenzt. Das mag für viele in diesem Bereich kontrovers sein, aber ich denke, es ist absolut vernünftig, Bitcoin zu verkaufen. Wenn du Bitcoin seit JAHREN hältst und dein Stack dein Leben sinnvoll verbessern könnte, solltest du auf jeden Fall einen Teil verkaufen.

Zeit ist das einzige Gut, das wertvoller ist als BTC; wir haben wirklich nur eine begrenzte Menge an Zeit auf dieser Erde. Wenn du deine BTC hortest und dann friedlich einschläfst was war dann der Sinn? Wenn du einen Teil deines Stacks verkaufen kannst, um dein Haus abzubezahlen oder dich von erdrückenden Schulden zu befreien, halte ich das für eine gute Entscheidung. Es ist vielleicht nicht die BESTE finanzielle Entscheidung, vor allem, wenn Ihr Haus mit einem zinsgünstigen Darlehen belastet ist, aber es ist eine nachvollziehbare Entscheidung, weil man dadurch beruhigt sein kann. Man muss jedoch auch bedenken, dass der Verkauf von Bitcoin auf lange Sicht sehr wahrscheinlich eine schmerzhafte Entscheidung sein wird.

Bitcoin für Spielzeug zu verkaufen, ist hingegen kein guter Schachzug. Wenn du den 250.000 Dollar teuren Lamborghini kaufst, der in 3 Jahren 50% seines Wertes verliert, während Bitcoin um mehr als diesen Prozentsatz zugelegt hat, wird das Bedauern unerträglich sein. Robert Kiyosaki kommt mir in den Sinn. Sein Buch Rich Dad Poor Dad hat mich sehr beeinflusst, und seine Beschreibung von Vermögenswerten und Verbindlichkeiten hat mich sehr beeindruckt:

• Ein Vermögenswert erzeugt Cashflow
• Eine Verbindlichkeit zieht den Cashflow ab

Wenn du Vermögenswerte kaufst, wird dein Nettovermögen auf einer exponentiellen Kurve erheblich ansteigen. Wenn du Verbindlichkeiten kaufst, wirst du einfach ärmer. Wenn du Bitcoin verkaufst, wirst du es wahrscheinlich langfristig bereuen.

ZEITPRÄFERENZ

Die Zeitpräferenz ist ein Thema, das in Bitcoin oft angesprochen wird. Eine niedrige Zeitpräferenz zu haben bedeutet, dass man bereit ist, für eine bessere Zukunft auf die Annehmlichkeiten von heute zu verzichten. Jede sehenswerte Kathedrale, jedes klassische Kunstwerk, alles Schöne auf dieser Welt wurde gebaut, weil Menschen mit Blick auf die Zukunft und nicht auf die Gegenwart gearbeitet haben. Hätte DaVinci Bananen an die Wand geklebt, hätten wir uns nie an ihn erinnert. Wären die großen Pyramiden aus Lehm gebaut worden, gäbe es sie heute nicht mehr. Wenn die Zivilisation ihren gesamten Reichtum für das Hier und Jetzt ausgeben würde, ohne in die Zukunft zu investieren, würde sie nicht überleben.

Bitcoin selbst ist ein digitales Artefakt, das von einem geheimnisvollen Architekten bis zur Perfektion entwickelt wurde. Er ist so konzipiert, dass er Äonen überdauert; wenn die Zivilisation überdauert, wird er bis in die Zukunft hinein perfekte Treue beweisen. Da niemand ihn verändern oder kontrollieren kann, ist Bitcoin anti-entropisch. Das ist der Inbegriff von Handwerkskunst der geringen Zeitpräferenz. Bitcoin ist ein Da Vinci in einer Welt der an die Wand geklebten Bananen. Es ist so offensichtlich, wenn die Arbeit erst einmal geleistet ist, dass es peinlich ist, dass nicht mehr Menschen den Wert verstehen, den er bietet.

Im krassen Gegensatz zu diesem Bitcoin-Meisterwerk stehen die Schrotthaufen, die wir Altcoins oder Shitcoins nennen. Diese wurden mit der Technologie von Bitcoin gebaut, führen aber Entropie ein. Die Treue geht bei den Altcoins verloren, weil sie jeweils von einem Gründer oder einer Gruppe kontrolliert werden. Wenn Menschen etwas kontrollieren können, manipulieren sie es unweigerlich zu ihrem Vorteil. Und ob bewusst oder unbewusst, es wird sich verschlechtern. Die meisten dieser Shitcoins waren von Anfang an darauf ausgelegt, dich zu betrügen. Einige dieser Altcoins haben eine Führung, die vielleicht gute Absichten hat, aber sie sind menschlich und können beeinflusst und genötigt werden. Das Problem ist die FÜHRUNG. Bitcoin und seine Zeitkette wurden entwickelt, um das menschliche Element als primäre Eigenschaft zu entfernen. Die Einführung von Menschen in den Mix verursacht Entropie, die den Wert durch Seigniorage zerstört.

Die Erfindung von Bitcoin war die der NICHT-INTERVENTION durch Menschen.

Das sind Erkenntnisse, die für viele Menschen Jahre dauern, um sie vollständig zu verstehen. Wenn du das Kurzfassung über Altcoins wissen willst, ist es einfach. Bemühe dich einfach nicht. Du bist besser dran, wenn du dein Geld in ein Casino bringst und Glücksspiel machst. Die Karten sind in der Kryptowelt schwer gegen Dich ausgelegt; du hast einfach Glück, wenn du Geld verdienst. Nimm den Weg der geringen Zeitpräferenz und staple Bitcoin, während du lernst, wie deine Investition wächst. Ich kann mit Zuversicht sagen, dass du in 5 Jahren viel weiter vorne sein wirst, wenn du in Bitcoin Dollar-Cost-Averaging betreibst, als wenn du mit Shitcoins spielen würdest.

5-JAHRES-AUSSICHTEN MINIMUM

Die meisten Menschen interessieren sich für Bitcoin während einer seiner parabolischen Bullenläufe. Ich war einer von ihnen. Wir sind alle daran interessiert, finanziell voranzukommen, besonders wenn das Gespenst der Inflation über unseren Köpfen schwebt.

Wenn du neu bei Bitcoin bist und dies dein erster Versuch ist, dann stelle sicher, dass du bereit bist, diesen Vermögenswert für mindestens 5 Jahre zu halten. Du bist wahrscheinlich während einer Aufwärtsbewegung hier, und wenn du kein Glück hattest, ist es wahrscheinlich am Ende der Aufwärtsbewegung. Zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Berichts im Dezember 2023 stehen wir meiner Meinung nach am Anfang der nächsten Aufwärtsbewegung. Mit der Zulassung der ETFs, der Halbierung im April 2024 und der Aussicht, dass die US-Notenbank ihre Geldpolitik zurückfahren wird, sind viele Katalysatoren aufeinander abgestimmt. Das bedeutet jedoch NICHT, dass dies unvermeidlich ist. Schwarze Schwäne sind immer eine Möglichkeit. Abgesehen von diesem schwarzen Schwan scheinen wir für einen massiven Kursanstieg in den nächsten Jahren bereit zu sein.

SELBSTVERWAHRUNG

Wenn du zum ersten Mal Bitcoin an der Börse deiner Wahl kaufst, wird es sich anfühlen wie der Kauf eines beliebigen anderen Vermögenswerts bei einem Broker. Du kaufst Bitcoin, und die Zahl auf dem Bildschirm spiegelt die Menge an Bitcoin wider, die du jetzt "besitzt".

Es ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, dass du deine Bitcoin in Verwahrung nimmst. Wir haben in jüngster Zeit Fehler beim Umtausch und regelrechte Betrugsfälle erlebt. Wenn diese Betrügereien aufgedeckt und strafrechtlich verfolgt werden und der Preis von Bitcoin unter Druck gerät, weil viele Menschen den Vermögenswert Bitcoin mit den Börsen in Verbindung bringen, die ihn verkaufen, wird dies zu einer RIESIGEN Kaufgelegenheit. Als FTX vor einem Jahr scheiterte, wurde der Preis von Bitcoin negativ beeinflusst, und diejenigen, die verstanden, dass Bitcoin kein fundamentales Problem hatte, kauften mehr. Du hast verstanden, dass die Angst durch den Markt strömte (womit wir wieder bei dem Punkt wären, warum es in diesem Bereich SO WICHTIG ist, gut informiert zu sein). Wer damals Bitcoin kaufte (um 16k), sicherte sich innerhalb eines Jahres einen Gewinn von weit über 100%!

Stell dir die Seed Keys als das Passwort zu deinem Bitcoin vor, das geschützt werden muss, denn wenn jemand anderes es bekommt, kann er deine Bitcoin in Besitz nehmen - nicht gut für dich. Bitcoin-Seed-Keys werden in der Regel durch eine Hardware-Wallet oder ein Signiergerät geschützt. Dieses Gerät schützt deine Schlüssel vor Hackern oder schlechten Akteuren. Ich verwende seit Jahren Coldcards, und sie gehören zu den besten Geräten zum Schutz von privaten Schlüsseln. Es funktioniert sehr einfach. Du erstellst auf dem Gerät die geheimen Schlüssel; es speichert sie und bewahrt sie offline auf, d. h. ohne Verbindung zum Internet. Dieser letzte Punkt ist WICHTIG. Du darfst diese Wörter NIEMALS auf einem Computer mit Internetanschluss speichern. Der einzige Ort, an dem du deine Schlüssel sicher aufbewahren kannst, ist ein dafür vorgesehenes Gerät. Wenn der Computer kompromittiert wird (und glauben Sie mir, es ist SEHR WÄHRLICH, dass er kompromittiert wird), wird das Signiergerät deine Bitcoin schützen.

Das mag sich alles sehr schwierig und komplex anhören, wenn du es noch nie gemacht hast, aber glaub mir, es ist ganz einfach. Ich würde empfehlen, dass du dir die Videos von BTC Sessions über die Verwendung des Signiergeräts deiner Wahl ansiehst. Er hat unglaubliche Walk-Through-Videos auf YouTube, die alles im Detail erklären.

Eine gemeinsame Verwahrung mit einem Unternehmen wie Swan Bitcoin oder Unchained Capital ist auch eine gute Idee für diejenigen, die neu in diesem Bereich sind. Sie werden dir die Hand halten und dich davor schützen, einfache Fehler zu machen, die zu Problemen führen können. Die gemeinschaftliche Verwahrung ist die Kosten wert, wenn du dir Sorgen machst, deine Bitcoin zu verlieren. Unchained bietet ein Produkt zur gemeinschaftlichen Verwahrung an, das mehrere Schlüssel enthalten kann und deinen Verwandten helfen kann, deine Bitcoin im Falle deines Ablebens wiederzuerlangen.

GEBE NICHT MIT DEINEN BITCOIN AN. Es besteht die Versuchung, mit dem Erfolg zu prahlen. Wenn du fünf Jahre lang durchhältst, wirst du ihn wahrscheinlich haben. Du bist stolz darauf, dass du die Disziplin und Selbstbeherrschung hattest, dich selbst zu beherrschen und erfolgreich das zu erwerben, was du als eine bedeutende Menge an Bitcoin ansiehst. Teile nicht, wie viel du hast, mit anderen. Das sollte offensichtlich sein, aber es gibt Leute, die sich nicht so sehr für dich freuen. Sie könnten es ihren Freunden erzählen, und früher oder später könnte jemand, den du nicht kennst und der vielleicht gewaltbereit ist, feststellen, dass du ein attraktives Ziel bist. Dies ist ein weiterer Grund für die Verwendung einer Konfiguration mit mehreren Signaturen. Selbst wenn jemand 1 von 3 Schlüsseln erhalten hat, kann er deine Bitcoin nicht stehlen.

KAUFE KEINE BITCOIN, DIE DU NICHT KONTROLLIEREN KANNST

Kaufe nicht den glänzenden neuen ETF, den die Wall Street anbietet. Kaufe Bitcoin nur bei Anbietern, die es dir ermöglichen, deine Bitcoin tatsächlich in Verwahrung zu nehmen. Lege deine Bitcoin nicht bei irgendeinem Dienst an, der eine Rendite bietet, insbesondere wenn diese Rendite unrealistisch hoch erscheint. Als allgemeine Faustregel gilt: Lass es einfach bleiben.

Der erste und wichtigste Grund, warum du deine Bitcoin in Verwahrung nehmen solltest, ist, dass du die absolute und vollständige Kontrolle über sie hast. Es gibt in Bitcoin ein Sprichwort: "Nicht deine Schlüssel, nicht deine Coins". Wenn du deine Bitcoin nicht verwahrst, hast du einfach einen Schuldschein. Das ist der ganze Grund für die Existenz von Bitcoin. Um Zwischenhändler auszuschalten und den Menschen zu ermöglichen, ihr finanzielles Schicksal selbst in die Hand zu nehmen.

Wenn du den Besitz hast, fallen keine Gebühren an wie bei einem ETF. Diese Gebühren können niedrig erscheinen, aber mit der Zeit können sie SIGNIFIKANT sein. GBTC ist ein Trust, der einem Bitcoin-ETF am ähnlichsten ist. GBTC erhebt eine Gebühr von 2 % PRO JAHR (jetzt 1,5 % mit dem ETF). Im Laufe der Zeit kann dies erheblich sein. Außerdem erlauben es die ETF-Produkte, die die Wall Street verkauft, nicht, den Bitcoin JEMALS zu verwahren. Ein ETF könnte für einige Leute in bestimmten Szenarien Sinn machen, aber für jeden, der ein Lego-Set bauen kann, ist die Verwahrung von Bitcoin ähnlich komplex. Nimm es selbst in die Hand.

Wenn sich Bitcoin mehr und mehr durchsetzt, wird es möglich sein, ihn als Sicherheiten zu verwenden. Ja, ich verstehe, dass die Verwendung deines Bitcoin als Sicherheit ihn aus deinem Besitz nimmt und Vertrauen in eine dritte Partei erfordert. Dies ist ein weiterer Fall, in dem du dich informieren und SICHER sein solltest, dass der von dir gewählte Kreditgeber vertrauenswürdig ist und nicht pleite gehen wird. Im Zweifelsfall solltest du dich immer auf die Selbstverwahrung verlassen.

Eine Kreditaufnahme gegen deine Bitcoin ist unmöglich, wenn du ihn nicht selbst verwahrst. Du kannst den Bitcoin, den Blackrock in deinem Namen hält, nicht ausleihen. Dies ist von Bedeutung. Es hat steuerliche Vorteile, Bitcoin zu beleihen, anstatt sie zu verkaufen. Wenn du keine Kontrolle über deine Bitcoin hast, schließt du dich selbst von einigen vorhersehbaren Anwendungsfällen in der nahen Zukunft aus und von vielen unvorhersehbaren Anwendungen, die noch erfunden werden müssen. Programmierbares Geld ist nicht nützlich, wenn du es nicht in deiner Hand hältst.

Der letzte Grund, warum du deine Bitcoin aufbewahren solltest, ist ein wenig düsterer. Bitcoin wurde entwickelt, um unzensierbar und nicht konfiszierbar zu sein. Wenn der Staat merkt, dass er die Kontrolle über das Geld verliert, wird er sich wahrscheinlich dein Bitcoin holen. Dies ist ein Präzedenzfall in der Geschichte der USA. Im Jahr 1933 wurde mit der Executive Order 6102 der Besitz von Gold für US-Bürger illegal. Sie zwangen die Menschen, Gold abzugeben und 20 Dollar pro Unze zu erhalten. Die Regierung setzte dann den Goldpreis auf 35 Dollar pro Unze herauf. Für den Besitz von Goldmünzen konnte man in den USA von 1933 bis Mitte der 1970er Jahre ins Gefängnis kommen. Das könnte wieder passieren, und du hast die Wahl, wenn du Bitcoin selbst hältst. Depotbanken WERDEN in diesem Szenario gezwungen sein, der Regierung deine Bitcoin zu geben. Was du in dieser Situation mit deinem Bitcoin tust, sollte DEINE Entscheidung sein, nicht die eines Verwahrers.

VERANTWORTUNG

Wenn du die Schritte unternimmst, um deine Bitcoin selbst zu verwahren, bist du verantwortlich. Dies ist eine Art von radikaler Verantwortung, die Menschen beunruhigen kann. Wenn du deine Schlüssel verlierst, ist dein Bitcoin für immer verloren. Es gibt keine Nummer, die du anrufen kannst, und niemanden, der dir helfen kann. SIE. SIND. WEG.

Im Jahr 2017 verlor einer meiner Freunde auf der Feuerwache Bitcoin im Wert von 1300 Dollar, weil er die Bitcoin in einer Papier-Wallet aufbewahrte. Diese werden nicht mehr verwendet, weil sie so unsicher sind, aber man kann einen QR-Code ausdrucken, der die Bitcoin enthält. Er ließ das Stück Papier in seinem Auto liegen. Dann räumte er sein Auto aus und saugte die Papier-Wallet auf. Diese Bitcoin sind für immer weg. Sie sind jetzt irgendwo zwischen 4 und 5 Tausend Dollar wert, und sie sind einfach weg. Nun, technisch gesehen sind sie nicht weg, sie sind immer noch da, nur für niemanden zugänglich. Ohne die Schlüssel kann niemand die Bitcoin bewegen, also sind die Bitcoin praktisch für immer eingefroren.

Ein anderer guter Freund von mir verlor eine beträchtliche Menge an Bitcoin bei einem Unternehmen namens BlockFi. Dabei handelte es sich um eine Börse, die Renditen für Bitcoin anbot, die bei ihrer Börse aufbewahrt wurden. Dieser Bitcoin ist nicht eingefroren, aber er ist jetzt für die absehbare Zukunft in einem Rechtsstreit eingesperrt. Um dem Ganzen noch die Krone aufzusetzen - da der Bitcoin, als er von BlockFi gehalten wurde, technisch gesehen nicht ihm gehörte, sondern aufgrund der "Vereinbarung", die er bei der Eröffnung des Kontos unterschrieben hat, ihnen gehört, wird er irgendwann in der Zukunft den Dollarwert dieses Bitcoins zu dem Preis erhalten, zu dem BlockFi pleite ging - also 16.000 Dollar -, sind wir wieder bei dem Punkt angelangt, warum du die Selbstverwahrung ernst nehmen solltest!

Das alte Bitcoin-Sprichwort lautet: "Nicht deine Schlüssel, nicht deine Coins".

Bitcoin ist eine endlose Lernreise. Wenn du ein Kaninchenloch erforschen willst, hast du Glück! Die Menge an soliden Inhalten, die in diesem Bereich angeboten werden, ist um Lichtjahre besser als im Jahr 2017. Man kann in einem Bruchteil der Zeit, die man damals gebraucht hätte, von null auf kompetent umsteigen. Wie oben bereits angedeutet, haben wir bei Blue Collar Bitcoin eine Grundlagenreihe zusammengestellt, die du für den Einstieg nutzen kannst. Die Liste der großartigen Inhaltsersteller und Ressourcen ist so lang, dass wir sie nicht alle aufzählen können. Geh einfach auf Entdeckungsreise und achte darauf, zu überprüfen, nicht zu vertrauen.

Lerne weiter, und vor allem - denke selbst!

Erinnere dich an die Weisheit von Matt Odell: "Bleib bescheiden und staple Sats".

@ df67f9a7:2d4fc200

Businesses want Nostr, but Nostr is not ready for business. What can be done?

TLDR :

What Nostr brings to business apps…

• Get your brands in front of users with your choice of SEO and Algos that YOU control.
• Access unlimited public user data from across the network without fees or permission.
• Keep your business data private, while "releasing" liability for other data collected by your apps.
• Build one app to reach a diversity of users from across the network, even from other apps.
• Build your own tech and to use it as you wish. No gate keepers or code review process.

Businesses want Nostr.

• Businesses want reliable SEO and socials to put their brands in front of users, rather than arbitrary gate keepers, censoring the marketplace on a whim.
• Businesses want open access to harvest public data for free on a soveregnty respecting network, rather than paying gate keepers for access to user data of questionalble origin.
• Businesses want the freedom to NOT take ownership of certain user data collected by their apps, rather than being liabile for moderation and safe handling on their private infrastructure.
• Busineses want a single open protocol on which to build their apps, with unlimited potential and a diversity of shared users from other apps, rather than multiple siloed networks with difering APIs and demographics.
• Businesses want to own the technology they build and to use it as they wish, rather than submit their code for approval and control by arbitrary gate keepers.

But Nostr is not ready for business.

• Businesses DON'T want proprietary app data stored publicly as signed Nostr events on user specified relays.
• Businesses DON'T want to have to specify, or be constrained by, or even navigate the complexity of Nostr NIP standards for every novel kind of content that their apps generate.
• Businesses DON'T want to "open source" their entire suite of native apps JUST to assure end users that Nostr private keys are being safely handled.
• Businesses DON'T want to have to "rewrite" their entire app backend just to accomodate the Nostr way of "users sign events but dont actually login to your server" auth architecture.
• Businesses DONT want to suffer DDOS from bots and bad actors, or to expose their users to unwanted content, or even to have their own content disappear a sea of spam and misinformation.

Here’s what can be done.

• More tools and services for private business apps to coexist with freedom tech, and even thrive together, on the Nostr network.
• Extensible Webs of Trust algos for discovery and reach into any audience or demographic of trusted users.
• WoT powered standard APIs for exposing content to Nostr (and other business apps) from within a “black box” business app.
• HTTP AUTH (NIP 98) integration for business apps, allowing users to create local content WITHOUT needing discrete signatures or “linked” user accounts.
• Frost compatible “login“ for business apps, allowing users to paste “disposable” nsecs into proprietary clients without fear of their “cold” nsec being compromised.
• Support for “incremental” (and voluntary) adoption of freedom tech into existing business apps, with easy off-ramps for businesses to transfer more and more siloed data onto the “public” network.

Thoughts so far…

@ 04ea4f83:210e1713

Bei dem Begriff "Midlife-Crisis" denkt man oft an Menschen mittleren Alters, die sich Sportwagen kaufen, ihre Ehepartner für jüngere Partner verlassen oder sich in einem verzweifelten Versuch, ihre Jugend wiederzuerlangen, plötzlich auf ausgefallene Abenteuer einlassen. Im Bitcoin Space zeichnet sich jedoch ein neues Phänomen ab - die Bitcoiner Midlife-Crisis.

Für diejenigen, die tief in den Kaninchen Bau eingetaucht sind kommt ein Punkt auf ihrer Reise, an dem sie ein Plateau erreichen. Sie haben ein außerordentliches Vermögen in Form von Sats angehäuft und verfügen über ein klares Verständnis der Technologie und des Marktes. Aber trotz alledem fühlen sie sich unerfüllt, so als ob der nächste Kauf von Bitcoin einfach keinen wirklichen Unterschied mehr macht.

Dieses Gefühl wird durch die extreme Volatilität des Bitcoin-Marktes noch verstärkt. An einem Tag kann das Nettovermögen in neue Höhen steigen, nur um am nächsten Tag wieder deutlich zu fallen. Die Schwankungen können so drastisch sein, dass ihr Jahresgehalt im Vergleich zu den nicht realisierten Gewinnen und Verlusten, die sie an einem einzigen Tag erleben, verblasst. Es wird schwierig, die Achterbahnfahrt der finanziellen Freiheit mit der Stabilität einer traditionellen Festanstellung in Einklang zu bringen.

Die traditionellen Vorstellungen von Erfolg und Erfüllung verlieren für Bitcoiner, die diese Midlife-Crisis erleben, an Bedeutung. Die Verlockung von materiellen Besitztümern oder beruflichen Fortschritten hat nicht mehr das gleiche Gewicht im Vergleich zu den potenziellen Gewinnen und Verlusten der Bitcoin. Die Vorstellung, für jemand anderen zu arbeiten und Zeit gegen Geld zu tauschen, wird zunehmend unattraktiver, wenn sie das Potenzial für finanzielle Unabhängigkeit durch ihre überlegene Spar-Technologie sehen.

Infolgedessen können Bitcoiner in der Mitte ihrer Lebenskrise ihre Prioritäten und Werte in Frage stellen. Sie könnten beginnen, die gesellschaftlichen Normen und Erwartungen zu hinterfragen, die ihr Leben bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt bestimmt haben. Das Bedürfnis nach Anerkennung oder Bestätigung durch andere hat nicht mehr den gleichen Stellenwert, da sie erkennen, dass ihr Wohlstand und ihr Erfolg nicht durch traditionelle Maßstäbe definiert werden.

Diese veränderte Denkweise kann zu einem Mangel an Filter oder Selbstzensur in ihren Interaktionen mit anderen führen. Bitcoiner, die eine Midlife-Crisis durchleben, werden möglicherweise offener und selbstbewusster, wenn es darum geht, ihre Überzeugungen und Meinungen zu äußern, unabhängig davon, wie sie von ihrem Umfeld wahrgenommen werden. Sie haben vielleicht nicht mehr das Bedürfnis, sich an gesellschaftliche Normen anzupassen oder sich an konventionelle Weisheiten zu halten, was zu Konflikten mit Freunden, Familie oder Arbeitskollegen führt, die ihre Ansichten nicht verstehen oder teilen.

Die emotionale Loslösung, die mit der Bitcoiner-Midlife-Crisis einhergeht, kann sich auch in einem allgemeinen Gefühl der Apathie oder Gleichgültigkeit gegenüber äußeren Ereignissen oder Umständen äußern. Themen oder Herausforderungen, die früher vielleicht eine starke emotionale Reaktion hervorgerufen haben, werden jetzt kaum noch wahrgenommen. Die Höhen und Tiefen des alltäglichen Fiat-Jobs scheinen im Vergleich zur Volatilität des Bitcoin-Marktes unbedeutend zu sein.

Mitten in dieser Midlife-Crisis könnten sich Bitcoiner an einem Scheideweg wiederfinden und sich mit Fragen der Identität, des Zwecks und der Erfüllung auseinandersetzen. Sie könnten gezwungen sein, sich mit ihrer eigenen Sterblichkeit und dem Erbe, das sie hinterlassen wollen, auseinanderzusetzen. Die traditionellen Meilensteine des Erfolgs, wie ein Haus, staatliche Altersvorsorge oder berufliche Erfolge, haben vielleicht nicht mehr die gleiche Anziehungskraft, wenn man sie mit dem Potenzial für finanzielle Freiheit und Souveränität vergleicht, das der Bitcoin bietet.

Die Midlife-Crisis der Bitcoiner ist nicht nur ein persönlicher Kampf, sondern ein Spiegelbild der breiteren gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen und Umwälzungen, die durch den Aufstieg eines digitalen Geldes ausgelöst wurden, welches die Gesellschaft von monetärer Entwertung und finanzieller Unterdrückung befreit. Sie ist eine Herausforderung für die etablierten Normen und Strukturen der Finanzwelt und eine Neudefinition dessen, was es bedeutet, in der modernen Zeit Erfolg und Erfüllung zu finden.

Während Bitcoiner durch diese Midlife-Crisis schreiten, können sie Trost darin finden, sich mit anderen zu verbinden, die ihre Reise und Erfahrungen teilen. Online-Communities, Meetups und Konferenzen bieten einen Raum für Gleichgesinnte, um zusammenzukommen und sich gegenseitig durch die Höhen und Tiefen des Bitcoin-Marktes zu unterstützen. Indem sie ihre Kämpfe, Erfolge und Einsichten miteinander teilen, können Bitcoiner ein Gefühl der Kameradschaft und ein Ziel auf ihrem Weg zur finanziellen Unabhängigkeit und Selbstverwirklichung finden.

Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die Midlife-Crisis der Bitcoiner ein komplexes und vielschichtiges Phänomen ist, das die einzigartigen Herausforderungen und Chancen der Einführung von gesundem Geld widerspiegelt. Sie stellt einen Wendepunkt im Leben derjenigen dar, die tief in die Welt des Bitcoin eingetaucht sind, wo traditionelle Maßstäbe für Erfolg und Erfüllung im Lichte des Potenzials für Selbstständigkeit und finanzielle Freiheit neu bewertet werden. Indem sie sich mit ihren eigenen Werten, Überzeugungen und Prioritäten auseinandersetzen, können Bitcoiner aus dieser Midlife-Crisis mit einem neuen Sinn für Ziel und Richtung auf ihrer Reise zu finanzieller Unabhängigkeit und Selbstverwirklichung hervorgehen.

@ 04ea4f83:210e1713

Veröffentlicht auf Medium am 07.06.2021\ Originalautor: Tomer Strolight\ Übersetzt von: Sinautoshi am 04.05.2023 - 788249\

Reden wir über Dinge, die man mit Geld nicht kaufen kann.

Ehrlichkeit kann man mit Geld nicht kaufen. Tatsächlich sind Menschen, die versuchen, dich davon zu überzeugen, ihnen dein Geld zu geben, oft nicht ganz ehrlich zu dir.

Freundschaft kann man mit Geld nicht kaufen. Du kannst nicht in ein Geschäft oder eine Bar gehen und einen Freund kaufen – jemanden, der deine Werte teilt, der dich respektiert, den du respektierst. Und aus den gleichen Gründen kann man sich damit keine Liebe kaufen , die eine besonders tiefe Form der Freundschaft ist.

Vor allem kann Geld dir keine Dinge kaufen, die in dir selbst sind: Es kann dir kein Selbstwertgefühl, Intelligenz, Mut oder Integrität kaufen, um nur einige Beispiele zu nennen. Gebe einer unsicheren Person einen Haufen Geld und sie wird es verschwenden, um vor anderen anzugeben oder sich selbst zu zerstören. Gib einem intellektuell faulen Menschen Geld und er wird nicht schlauer. Gebe einem Feigling Geld und er hat nur noch eine Sache, vor der er Angst haben muss: das Geld zu verlieren. Und gebe einem Betrüger Geld, und er wird versuchen, es zu verwenden, um einen unehrlichen Plan auszuhecken, durch den er mehr bekommen kann.

Die Dinge, die man für Geld kaufen kann

Geld wird dir ein schönes Outfit, einen tollen Haarschnitt, ein schickes Auto und ein schönes Haus kaufen, aber das Glück selbst wird unerreichbar bleiben ohne echte Freunde und Liebhaber, denen du vertrauen kannst, und ohne in der Lage zu sein, dich selbst zu lieben und zu respektieren.

Geld kauft nämlich kein Glück. Nicht von alleine. Es ist nicht ausreichend.

Warum arbeiten wir dann so hart für Geld? Warum messen manche Menschen ihren Wert in Dollar?

Es ist wahr, dass wir viele der Dinge brauchen, die man mit Geld kaufen kann, wie Nahrung, Unterkunft, Kleidung und sogar Unterhaltung, die uns ein wenig glücklicher macht.

Geld kann ein Wegbereiter sein. Es kann verwendet werden, um Dinge zu kaufen, die grundlegende Überlebensbedürfnisse befriedigen, und uns dadurch die Zeit verschaffen, diesen anderen Werten nachzugehen, die Geld selbst nicht kaufen kann.

Es ist jedoch immer noch sehr falsch, unseren Wert anhand einer einzigen Zahl zu messen, geschweige denn an einer Zahl, von der wir wissen, dass sie Freundschaft, Liebe, Selbstwertgefühl, Intelligenz, Mut, Integrität und viele andere Tugenden und Werte, die wir zeigen und verfolgen sollten, auslässt.

Was hat das mit Bitcoin zu tun?

Nehmen wir uns nun eine Minute Zeit, um uns die Gemeinschaft der Bitcoiner anzusehen. Bitcoiner sind überzeugt von einer neue Form von Geld, Bitcoin.

Wir unternehmen große Anstrengungen, um zu erklären, warum wir denken, dass es die beste Form von Geld ist, die es je gegeben hat und wahrscheinlich jemals geben wird.

Um dies erklären zu können, müssen wir zunächst große Anstrengungen unternehmen, um zu verstehen, was Geld ist und wie Bitcoin die Anforderungen erfüllt, Geld zu sein.

Dazu müssen wir einen sehr ehrlichen Blick auf die Geschichte und die Gegenwart werfen . Wir müssen erforschen, was viele Menschen für selbstverständlich halten. Wir müssen harte Fragen stellen und nach ehrlichen, vertretbaren Antworten suchen.

Wir müssen etwas über die Mathematik lernen, auf die sich Bitcoin stützt.

Wir müssen etwas über die Energieproduktion lernen, auf die Bitcoin angewiesen ist.

Wir lernen etwas über Ökonomie, die Lehre davon, wie Menschen mit den Dingen umgehen, die man mit Geld kaufen kann.

Wir entwickeln eine tiefe Überzeugung, die von all diesem Lernen und unseren Beobachtungen und Argumenten über das, was um uns herum passiert, geprägt ist.

Wir bilden Ansichten darüber aus, wohin die Welt steuert .

Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass eine Welt mit Bitcoin als Geld oder auch nur als das Geld, das von uns, welche sich für Bitcoin entscheiden, verwendet wird, eine bessere Welt ist.

Wir schließen daraus, dass es eine bessere Welt ist, weil sie ehrlich und transparent ist. Es ist eine Welt ohne Geheimnisse, Intrigen und Täuschungen darüber, was Geld ist.

Es ist eine Welt ohne mächtige Leute, die die Kontrolle über das Geldsystem ausüben, um die Schwachen zu kontrollieren.

Wir finden dann eine moralische Mission in Bitcoin.

Wir übernehmen die Verantwortung, das Wissen zu verbreiten.

Dazu braucht es Mut. Wir müssen unser Geld dort einsetzen, wo unser Mund ist, indem wir Bitcoin mit unseren Euro kaufen. Dies ist ein Akt der Risikobereitschaft oder des Mutes. Es ist ein Akt der Integrität – unsere Worte an unseren Taten auszurichten.

Wir müssen standhaft bleiben. Wir werden ausgelacht. Mächtige Menschen und Institutionen verspotten uns und versuchen, uns zu diskreditieren. Sie bezeichnen uns als Unterstützer von Kriminellen und Terroristen. Entweder stärken wir unseren Mut und unsere Überzeugung oder verlassen Bitcoin.

Diejenigen von uns, die bleiben, wissen, dass unsere Mit-Bitcoiner, die die gleichen Schwierigkeiten durchgemacht haben oder durchmachen wie wir, ehrlich, intelligent und mutig sind.

Wir respektieren einander. Wir werden Freunde.

Wir alle tragen bei, was wir können, wie wir können. Wir bauen die Welt, die wir uns vorstellen.

All dies tun wir unbeirrt, während Millionen an der Seitenlinie stehen, einige neugierig zusehen, uns verspotten und einige aktiv angreifen und versuchen, uns aufzuhalten. Ab und zu rennt einer rüber und sagt „Ich will so sein wie du!“ Und wir empfangen sie mit offenen Armen.

Ein Bitcoiner zu werden ist ein Prozess, durch den du Dinge erhältst, die man mit Geld nicht kaufen kann.

Schau mal. Ehrlichkeit kann man mit Geld nicht kaufen. Freundschaft kann man damit nicht kaufen. Selbstachtung, Mut, Intelligenz oder Integrität kann man damit auch nicht kaufen. Doch diese Bitcoiner mit ihren Ideen, ihren Idealen, Bemühungen und ihren Errungenschaften haben sich all diese Dinge angeeignet. Bitcoiner sind ehrlich. Sie haben authentische Freundschaften. Sie glauben an sich. Sie sind mutig. Sie sind schlau. Und sie besitzen eine Integrität, die all diese Dinge über jeden Reichtum stellt, der in einem monetären Wert gemessen wird.

Kein Bitcoiner beurteilt einen anderen danach, wie viel Bitcoin diese andere Person wert ist.

Es ist ein Fauxpas in der Community, überhaupt danach zu fragen.

Ich liebe meine Mit-Bitcoiner. Sie sind die besten Menschen auf Erden. Einige mögen finanziell reich sein, andere nicht. Aber sie sind mir alle viel mehr wert als Geld. 

Bitcoin hat uns allen eine Fülle von Dingen gegeben, die man mit Geld nicht kaufen kann.

@ f839fb67:5c930939

Relays

| Name | Address | Price (Sats/Year) | Status | | - | - | - | - | | stephen's aegis relay | wss://paid.relay.vanderwarker.family | 42069 | | | stephen's Outbox | wss://relay.vanderwarker.family | Just Me | | | stephen's Inbox | wss://haven.vanderwarker.family/inbox | WoT | | | stephen's DMs | wss://haven.vanderwarker.family/chat | WoT | | | VFam Data Relay | wss://data.relay.vanderwarker.family | 0 | | | VFam Bots Relay | wss://skeme.vanderwarker.family | Invite | | | VFGroups (NIP29) | wss://groups.vanderwarker.family | 0 | | | [TOR] My Phone Relay | ws://naswsosuewqxyf7ov7gr7igc4tq2rbtqoxxirwyhkbuns4lwc3iowwid.onion | 0 | Meh... |

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My Pubkeys

| Name | hex | nprofile | | - | - | - | | Main | f839fb6714598a7233d09dbd42af82cc9781d0faa57474f1841af90b5c930939 | nostr:nprofile1qqs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgpramhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3us9mapfx | | Vanity (Backup) | 82f21be67353c0d68438003fe6e56a35e2a57c49e0899b368b5ca7aa8dde7c23 | nostr:nprofile1qqsg9usmuee48sxkssuqq0lxu44rtc4903y7pzvmx694efa23h08cgcpramhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3ussel49x | | VFStore | 6416f1e658ba00d42107b05ad9bf485c7e46698217e0c19f0dc2e125de3af0d0 | nostr:nprofile1qqsxg9h3uevt5qx5yyrmqkkehay9cljxdxpp0cxpnuxu9cf9mca0p5qpramhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3usaa8plu | | NostrSMS | 9be1b8315248eeb20f9d9ab2717d1750e4f27489eab1fa531d679dadd34c2f8d | nostr:nprofile1qqsfhcdcx9fy3m4jp7we4vn305t4pe8jwjy74v062vwk08dd6dxzlrgpramhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3us595d45 |

Bots

Unlocks Bot

Hex: 2e941ad17144e0a04d1b8c21c4a0dbc3fbcbb9d08ae622b5f9c85341fac7c2d0
nprofile:
nostr:nprofile1qqsza9q669c5fc9qf5dccgwy5rdu877th8gg4e3zkhuus56pltru95qpramhxue69uhhx6m9d4jjuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3ust4kvak
Latest Data:
nostr:naddr1qq882mnvda3kkttrda6kuar9wgq37amnwvaz7tmnddjk6efwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyqhfgxk3w9zwpgzdrwxzr39qm0plhjae6z9wvg44l8y9xs06clpdqqcyqqq823cgnl9u5

Step Counter

Hex: 9223d2faeb95853b4d224a184c69e1df16648d35067a88cdf947c631b57e3de7
nprofile: nostr:nprofile1qqsfyg7jlt4etpfmf53y5xzvd8sa79ny356sv75gehu50333k4lrmecpramhxue69uhhx6m9d4jjuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3ustswp3w
Latest Data:
nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4gupzpy3r6tawh9v98dxjyjscf357rhckvjxn2pn63rxlj37xxx6hu008qys8wumn8ghj7umtv4kk2tnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jtcqp3ehgets943k7atww3jhyn39gff

RCTGuest

Hex: 373904615c781e46bf5bf87b4126c8a568a05393b1b840b1a2a3234d20affa0c
nprofile: nostr:nprofile1qqsrwwgyv9w8s8jxhadls76pymy2269q2wfmrwzqkx32xg6dyzhl5rqpramhxue69uhhx6m9d4jjuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3usy92jlx

Now Playing

Hex: 8096ed6ba1f21a3713bd47a503ee377b0ce2f187b3e5a3ae909a25b84901018b
nprofile: nostr:nprofile1qqsgp9hddwslyx3hzw750fgracmhkr8z7xrm8edr46gf5fdcfyqsrzcpramhxue69uhhx6m9d4jjuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3uspk5v4w
Latest Data:
nostr:naddr1qq9kummh94cxccted9hxwqglwaehxw309aekketdv5h8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0ypzpqyka446rus6xufm63a9q0hrw7cvutcc0vl95whfpx39hpyszqvtqvzqqqr4gupdk2hd

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NIP-29 Groups

See here

• Minecraft Group Chat
• nostr:naddr1qqrxvc33xpnxxqfqwaehxw309anhymm4wpejuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3usygrzymrpd2wz8ularp06y8ad5dgaddlumyt7tfzqge3vc97sgsarjvpsgqqqnpvqazypfd
• VFNet Group Chat
• nostr:naddr1qqrrwvfjx9jxzqfqwaehxw309anhymm4wpejuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3usygrzymrpd2wz8ularp06y8ad5dgaddlumyt7tfzqge3vc97sgsarjvpsgqqqnpvq08hx48

"Nostrified Websites"

[D] = Saves darkmode preferences over nostr
[A] = Auth over nostr
[B] = Beta (software)
[z] = zap enabled

• [DABz] Main Site
• [DAB] Contact Site
• [DAB] PGP Site
• [DAB] VFCA Site

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Other Services (Hosted code)

• Blossom
  
• NostrCheck
  

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Emojis Packs

• Minecraft
• nostr:naddr1qqy566twv43hyctxwsq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82nsd0k5wp
• AIM
• nostr:naddr1qqxxz6tdv4kk7arfvdhkuucpramhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuanpdejx2unhv9exketj9enxzmtfd3usyg8c88akw9ze3fer85yah4p2lqkvj7qap749w360rpq6ly94eycf8ypsgqqqw48qe0j2yk
• Blobs
• nostr:naddr1qqz5ymr0vfesz8mhwden5te0wfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqgs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgrqsqqqa2wek4ukj
• FavEmojis
• nostr:naddr1qqy5vctkg4kk76nfwvq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82nsf7sdwt
• Modern Family
• nostr:naddr1qqx56mmyv4exugzxv9kkjmreqy0hwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jq3qlqulkec5tx98yv7snk759tuzejtcr5865468fuvyrtuskhynpyusxpqqqp65ujlj36n
• nostriches (Amethyst collection)
• nostr:naddr1qq9xummnw3exjcmgv4esz8mhwden5te0wfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqgs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgrqsqqqa2w2sqg6w
• Pepe
• nostr:naddr1qqz9qetsv5q37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82ns85f6x7
• Minecraft Font
• nostr:naddr1qq8y66twv43hyctxwssyvmmwwsq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82nsmzftgr
• Archer Font
• nostr:naddr1qq95zunrdpjhygzxdah8gqglwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0ypzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqvzqqqr4fclkyxsh
• SMB Font
• nostr:naddr1qqv4xatsv4ezqntpwf5k7gzzwfhhg6r9wfejq3n0de6qz8mhwden5te0wfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqgs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgrqsqqqa2w0wqpuk

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Git Over Nostr

• NostrSMS
• nostr:naddr1qqyxummnw3e8xmtnqy0hwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jqfrwaehxw309amk7apwwfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqyj8wumn8ghj7urpd9jzuun9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jqg5waehxw309aex2mrp0yhxgctdw4eju6t0qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqgs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgrqsqqqaueqp0epk
• nip51backup
• nostr:naddr1qq9ku6tsx5ckyctrdd6hqqglwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0yqjxamnwvaz7tmhda6zuun9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jqfywaehxw309acxz6ty9eex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0yq3gamnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwv3sk6atn9e5k7qgdwaehxw309ahx7uewd3hkcq3qlqulkec5tx98yv7snk759tuzejtcr5865468fuvyrtuskhynpyusxpqqqpmej4gtqs6
• bukkitstr
• nostr:naddr1qqykyattdd5hgum5wgq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gpydmhxue69uhhwmm59eex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0yqjgamnwvaz7tmsv95kgtnjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gpz3mhxue69uhhyetvv9ujuerpd46hxtnfduqs6amnwvaz7tmwdaejumr0dspzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqvzqqqrhnyf6g0n2

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Market Places

Please use Nostr Market or somthing simular, to view.

• VFStore
• nostr:naddr1qqjx2v34xe3kxvpn95cnqven956rwvpc95unscn9943kxet98q6nxde58p3ryqglwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0yqjvamnwvaz7tmgv9mx2m3wweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7f0da6hgcn00qqjgamnwvaz7tmsv95kgtnjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gpydmhxue69uhhwmm59eex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0ypzqeqk78n93wsq6sss0vz6mxl5shr7ge5cy9lqcx0smshpyh0r4uxsqvzqqqr4gvlfm7gu

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Badges

Created

• paidrelayvf
• nostr:naddr1qq9hqctfv3ex2mrp09mxvqglwaehxw309aex2mrp0yh8vctwv3jhyampwf4k2u3wvesk66tv0ypzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqvzqqqr48y85v3u3
• iPow
• nostr:naddr1qqzxj5r02uq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82wgg02u0r
• codmaster
• nostr:naddr1qqykxmmyd4shxar9wgq37amnwvaz7tmjv4kxz7fwweskuer9wfmkzuntv4ezuenpd45kc7gzyrurn7m8z3vc5u3n6zwm6s40stxf0qwsl2jhga83ssd0jz6ujvynjqcyqqq82wgk3gm4g
• iMine
• nostr:naddr1qqzkjntfdejsz8mhwden5te0wfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqgs0sw0mvu29nznjx0gfm02z47pve9up6ra22ar57xzp47gttjfsjwgrqsqqqafed5s4x5

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Clients I Use

• Amethyst
• nostr:naddr1qqxnzd3cx5urqv3nxymngdphqgsyvrp9u6p0mfur9dfdru3d853tx9mdjuhkphxuxgfwmryja7zsvhqrqsqqql8kavfpw3
• noStrudel
• nostr:naddr1qqxnzd3cxccrvd34xser2dpkqy28wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnyv9kh2uewd9hsygpxdq27pjfppharynrvhg6h8v2taeya5ssf49zkl9yyu5gxe4qg55psgqqq0nmq5mza9n
• nostrsms
• nostr:naddr1qq9rzdejxcunxde4xymqz8mhwden5te0wfjkccte9emxzmnyv4e8wctjddjhytnxv9kkjmreqgsfhcdcx9fy3m4jp7we4vn305t4pe8jwjy74v062vwk08dd6dxzlrgrqsqqql8kjn33qm

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Lists

• Bluesky
  • nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4xqpzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jtcqqapxcat9wd4hj0ah0jw
• Fediverse
  • nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4xqpzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jtcqp9rx2erfwejhyum9j4g0xh
• Fediverse_Bots
  • nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4xqpzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jtcqperx2erfwejhyum9tapx7arnfcpdzh
• My Bots
  • nostr:naddr1qvzqqqr4xqpzp7peldn3gkv2wgeap8dag2hc9nyhs8g04ft5wnccgxhepdwfxzfeqys8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnkv9hxgetjwashy6m9wghxvctdd9k8jtcqz4uh5jnpwscyss24fpkxw4fewafk566twa2q8f6fyk